ǼȘȈȕșȐș
ǮǨǴǴ
DzdzǨǸǨ Ǭ’ȅdzǭǩǭǯ
ȐȓȐ
ǰșȚȖȘȐȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȉȣȓȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ
ǰȏȉȘȈȕȕȖȍ
ǺȖȔ I
Salamandra P.V.V.

ǮȈȔȔ Ǽ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȓȐ ǰșȚȖȘȐȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȉȣȓȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ǨȊ-
ȚȖȘȐȏȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ ȗȍȘ ș ȜȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ. – ǩ Ȕ: Salamandra
P.V.V., 2016. – 102 c. Ȑȓȓ – ǮȈȔȔ Ǽ ǰȏȉȘȈȕȕȖȍ ǺȖȔ I).
©DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏª – șȍȕȚȐȔȍȕȚȈȓȤȕȈȧ ȎȍȔȟțȎȐȕȈ ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȖȋȖ
ȗȖȥȚȈ-șȐȔȊȖȓȐșȚȈ ȗȘȖȏȈȐȒȈ ȌȘȈȔȈȚțȘȋȈ Ȑ ȒȘȐȚȐȒȈ Ǽ ǮȈȔȔȈ -
1938), ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȈȧ ȗȖȊȍșȚȤ, ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȊȠȈȧ ȔȕȖȎȍșȚȊȖ ȐȏȌȈȕȐȑ ȕȈ ȘȖ-
ȌȐȕȍ ȗȖȥȚȈ Ȑ ȏȈ ȍȍ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȈȔȐ Ǫ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȚȖȔ ©ǰȏȉȘȈȕȕȖȋȖª Ǽ ǮȈȔ-
ȔȈ ȊȖȠȍȓ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȗȍȘȍȐȏȌȈȕȕȣȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌ ȗȖȊȍșȚȐ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȕȣȑ
Ȋ -ȝ ȋȋ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȖȔ Ǫ ȗȘȐȓȖȎȍȕȐȧȝ – ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȣ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ
șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȑ Ǽ ǮȈȔȔȈ Ȑ ȘȧȌ șȚȈȚȍȑ Ȗ ȗȖȥȚȍ
© Translators, estate, 2016
© Salamandra P.V.V., ȗȖȌȋ ȚȍȒșȚȈ ȖȜȖȘȔȓȍȕȐȍ 2016

DzdzǨǸǨ Ǭ’ȅdzǭǩǭǯ
ȖșȖ
ǶȟȠȜȞȖȭ ȒȓȐȡȦȘȖ ȏȩșȜȑȜ ȐȞȓȚȓțȖ

ǸșȎȞȓ Ȓ’ȋșȓȏȓȕ
Ǫ ȋȓțȉȐȕȍ șȚȈȘȖȋȖ șȈȌȈ ȗȖȓȕȖȋȖ ȚȦȓȤȗȈȕȖȊ ȕȍȎ-
ȕȖȍ ȊȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȍ țȚȍȠȈȦȡȍȍ ȔȖȦ ȎȍșȚȖȒțȦ ȎȐȏȕȤ
ȗȖȒȖȑșȧ ȕȈȊȍȒȐ
ȇ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȌȈȓ Țȍȉȧ Țȣ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍ Ȗȉ-
ȔȈȕțȓȈ. Ǻȣ țȔȍȘȓȈ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȟȍȔ ȧ ȘȖȌȐȓșȧ ȐȉȖ Ȋ ȕȍȉȍ-
șȈȝ ȔȈȓȖ ȌȐȊȕȣȝ ȘȖȏ.
ǴȖȍ ȌȐȚȧ ȔȖȧ ȗȖȌȘțȋȈ ȧ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȦ ȌȍȕȤ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ
ȉȍȓȣȝ șțȔȍȘȒȈȝ ȖșȍȕȐ Țȣ ȠȓȈ ș ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȓȍȑȒȖȑ
ȕȈȌ ȉțȒșȖȔ
ǭȡȍ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȦ ȧ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘșȒȐȑ ȌȊȖȘ ȋȌȍ Țȣ Ȋ ȕȈ-
ȘȧȌȍ ȗȍȘȊȖȗȘȐȟȈșȚȕȐȞȣ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȈ ȚȐȝȖȑ ȒȈȌȐȓȤ-
ȕȐȞȍ
ǵȍ ȖșȚȈȊȤ Ȕȍȕȧ DzȖȋȌȈ ȔȧȚȍȎȕȣȑ ȗȖȌ ȏȊțȒȐ ȉȓȈȋȖ-
ȊȍșȚȈ ȋȖȓțȉȣȔȐ ȊȍȟȍȘȈȔȐ ȧ ȊȓȈȟț ȗȖȌ ȊȧȏȈȔȐ ȔȈȓȍȕȤ-
ȒȖȋȖ ȋȖȘȖȌȒȈ șȊȖȦ ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤ Ȑ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȧ — ȗȖȓȖȎȐ șȊȖȐ
ȉȍȓȣȍ ȘțȒȐ ȕȈ ȔȖȑ ȓȖȉ
ǷȘȐȔȐ ȥȚț ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒțȦ ȒȕȐȋț ǶȕȈ ȉȍȏȣșȒțșȕȖ ȕȈ-
ȗȐșȈȕȈ ǵȖ ȧ țȓȣȉȈȦșȤ ȐȉȖ ȓȦȉȓȦ ȍȍ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ Țȍȉȧ Ǻȣ
ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓȈ Ȗ ȎȕȐȞȈ ȔȖȚȣȓȤȒȖȊ ȒȈȒ ȧ Țȣ ȕȍ
ȏȕȈȓȈ ȗȖ ȒȈȒȖȔț ȏȈȒȖȕț ȕȈȌȖ Ȋ șȚȐȝȈȝ ȓȦȉȐȚȤ Ȑ ȗȓȈ-
ȒȈȚȤ Ȋ ȗȘȖȏȍ
ȇ ȌȈȦ Țȍȉȍ ȔȖȦ ȌțȠț ȇ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȟȚȖ șȚȖȐȚ ȖȕȈ ǵȖ
Țȣ ȉȘȖșȤ ȍȍ Ȓ șȚȖȗȈȔ ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ Ǻȣ ȗȘȐȠȓȈ Ȋ șȐȘȍȕȐ
ȔȖȍȑ ȗȍȟȈȓȐ ǹȒȈȎȐ ǩȖȋț ȊȖȏȓȦȉȓȍȕȕȈȧ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȕȍ ȝȖȟț
ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ Ȗȉ țȕȣȓȖȑ ȏȍȔȓȍ

8
I
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȖșȣȗȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȏȍȊȈȍȚ ȗȘȐȒȘȣȊȈȧ
ȘȖȚ ȋȖȓȖȑ ȘțȒȖȑ ǶȕȈ ȘțșȈȧ ȗȖȓȕȈȧ Ȑ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȍȍ ȞȊȍȚȈ
ȧșȕȖȋȖ ȕȍȉȈ
ǪȖcȍȔȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ǹȖȓȕȍȟȕȣȑ ȓțȟ șȒȖȓȤȏȐȚ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ
Ȑ ȖșȊȍȡȈȍȚ șȘȍȌȐ ȊȍșȍȓȖȋȖ ȋȖȓțȉȖȊȈȚȖȋȖ ȒȖȊȘȈ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ
ȌȧȌȐ DzȓȈȘȣ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ǬȍȊțȠȒȈ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȏȍȊȈȍȚ ȗȖȚȧȋȐȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȍȚ
ȌțȔȈȚȤ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȉȣȓ ȌȧȌȧ ǰȖȈȝȐȔ" ȅȚȖȚ ȌȖȔ Ȋ ǷȖȕ-Ȉ-
ǷȐȚȘ ȋȌȍ Ȗȕ țȔȍȘ ȉȣȓ ȒȘȈșȐȊȣȔ ȐȓȐ ȕȍȚ" ǴȈȓȍȕȤ-
ȒȈȧ ȔȐȕȐȈȚȦȘȈ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȕȕȍ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈ ȖȕȈ
ȚȈȔ Ȋ ȕȐȎȕȍȔ ȧȡȐȒȍ ȥȚȖ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȊȍșȚȣ ǭȍ ȏȊȈ-
ȓȐ dzȈțȘȖȑ ǶȕȈ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȒȘȈșȐȊȈȧ ș ȟȍȘȕȣȔȐ ȓȖȒȖȕȈȔȐ
Ȋ ȒȖȘșȈȎȍ Ȑȏ ȉȍȓȖȋȖ ȔțșȓȐȕȈ Ȋ ȏȍȓȍȕțȦ ȗȖȓȖșȒț Ȑ Ȋ
ȒȖȘȈȓȓȖȊȖȔ ȖȎȍȘȍȓȤȍ ǿȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȍȕȈ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș Ȍȧ-
Ȍȍȑ" ǻ ȕȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȌțȥȓȤ ȅȚȖ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ Ȕȕȍ
șȒȈȏȈȓ dzȈțȘȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȒȘȈșȐȊȍȍ ȔȈȔȣ ȐȓȐ ȕȍȚ"
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȖȌȍȊȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ ǬȖȔ ȗȘȖ-
șȣȗȈȍȚșȧ ǹȒȘȐȗȐȚ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȈ ǰȏ ȊȍșȚȐȉȦȓȧ ȌȖȕȖșȐȚșȧ
ȡȍȉȍȚȈȕȤȍ ȒȈȕȈȘȍȍȒ ǶȕȈ șȗțșȒȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȓȖȊțȦ Ȑ ȉȍȘȍȚ
Ȑȏ ȊȈȏȣ ȊȐȕȖȋȘȈȌȐȕț ȏȍȘȕȣȠȒȐ șȒȖȓȤȏȧȚ Ȑȏ ȗȈȓȤȞȍȊ
— ǻȎȍ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȖȕȈ șȍȉȍ — ǴȈȔȈ
ȏȈȌȍȘȎȈȓȈșȤ ȊȍȘȕȖ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȧșȤ șȖ șȓțȎȉȣ
ǬȍȊȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȏȊȖȕȐȚ ȚȘȦȔȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȈȦȡȍȍ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ
ȔȍȎ ȊȧȏȖȊ ǿȈșȣ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȚșȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȕȍ Ȑȝ ȉȖȑ ȝȘȐ-
ȗȓȣȑ ȕȖ ȕȍȎȕȣȑ Ǫ ȗȖȓȌȍȕȤ Ȑ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ Ȗȕ ȊȣȊȖȌȐȚ
«Angelus». ǷȖȌ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔȐ ȕȈȘȐșȖȊȈȕȣ ȗȈșȚțȝ ȗȈșȚțȠ-
ȒȈ Ȑ ȉȈȘȈȕȣ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȍȚ ȗȈșȚțȝȈ Ȑ ȗȈșȚțȠȒț
«ǶȕȐ ȉȍșȍȌțȦȚ — ȌțȔȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ — Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȕȟȈȦȚșȧ Ȋ
ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȍ ȚȘȦȔȖ ǪȖȚ ȉțȌțȚ ȓȐ ȖȕȐ șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȣ" ȇ ȐȔ

9
ȎȍȓȈȦ ȥȚȖȋȖ ǵȖ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȥȚȖ ȕȈ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȍ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ ȔȖȋțȚ
ȎȍȕȐȚȤșȧ…»
ǶȕȈ ȕȈȌȍȊȈȍȚ ȉȖȓȤȠțȦ șȖȓȖȔȍȕȕțȦ Ƞȓȧȗț țȒȘȈ-
ȠȍȕȕțȦ ȘȖȔȈȠȒȈȔȐ Ȑ ȐȌȍȚ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȓȤȞȖ ǴȍȌȓȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ ȗȈȊȓȐȕ ȗȘȖȋțȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ ȓțȎȈȑȒȍ
— ǷȈȊȓȐȕ — ȘȈșșțȎȌȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ — ȥȚȖ ȖȉȘȈȏ ȋȖȘȌȣȕȐ.
ȇ ȋȖȘȌȈȧ ȅȚȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȕȕȍ ȌțȝȖȊȕȐȒ ǵȖ ȕȍ Ȋșȍ ȕȈ șȊȍ-
Țȍ ȕȖșȧȚ ȐȔȧ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȔȈȔȈ ȐȌȍȚ
— ǬȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ, — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖȞȍȓȖ-
ȊȈȊ ȌȖȟȒț Ȋ ȓȖȉ — ȕȈȌȍȕȤ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȚȖ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȌȈ-
ȘȐȓȈ Țȍȉȍ ȚȍȚȧ ǨȔȍȕȈȐȌȈ ǷȖșȓȍ ȖȉȍȌȈ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȚȤ
ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȌȍȚ ȌȖȔȖȑ Ȉ DzȓȈȘȈ — Ȋ ȗȓȖȌȖ-
Ȋȣȑ șȈȌ ǶȕȈ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ ȔȐȔȖ ȚȍȔȕȖȑ ȔȈȓȐȕȣ Ȑ ȉȓȍș-
ȚȧȡȐȝ ȧȉȓȖȕȤ ǹȒȊȖȏȤ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȉțȒșȈ ȌȘȖȎȐȚ ȓȈȏțȘȤ ȕȍ-
ȉȍș ǵȖ ȊȖȚ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȦȦ ȘȈȌȖșȚȤ șȔȍȕȧȍȚ Ȋ ȌțȠȍ ȌȍȊțȠ-
ȒȐ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȗȍȟȈȓȤ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȈȧ ȥȚȖȔț ȏȖȓȖȚȖȔț ȌȕȦ
ǹȘȈȏț Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȊȐȌȐȔȖȑ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȣ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȖ ȖȊȓȈ-
ȌȍȊȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘȖȑ «ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ, — ȗȘȖșȐȚ ȖȕȈ — șȎȈȓȤșȧ ȕȈ-
ȌȖ ȔȕȖȑ ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȉȣȓȐ ȌțȘȕȣȍ ȔȣșȓȐ DzțȌȈ ȧ ȗȖȗȈȌț
ȍșȓȐ țȔȘț ȚȍȗȍȘȤ" ǫȖȚȖȊȈ ȓȐ ȧ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȚȤ ȗȍȘȍȌ ǫȖșȗȖ-
ȌȖȔ" ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȍȟȐșȚȣȍ ȔȣșȓȐ Ȗ ȌȧȌȍ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȍ Ȑ
ȍȋȖ ȕȍȊȍșȚȍ dzȈțȘȍ ȇ ȌțȔȈȓȈ Ȗ ȚȖȔ șȈȌȐȓȈșȤ ȓȐ ȖȕȈ ȒȖ-
ȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȈ ȍȋȖ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ»
ȅȚȖȚ șȚȘȈȝ ȋȘȍȝȈ ȗȣȚȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ șȗȖșȖȉȕȈ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ
ȓȐȠȤ ȌțȠȈ ȒȈȚȖȓȐȒȈ ȗȖȚȘȧșȈȍȚ ȌțȠț DzȓȈȘȣ ǶȕȈ ȗȖȌ-
ȝȖȌȐȚ Ȓ ȒȖȕȞț șȈȌȈ Ȑ ȊȖȏȓȍ ȉȍșȍȌȒȐ ȖȚȒȘȣȊ ȒȈȓȐȚȒț
ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ șȈȔțȦ ȚȍȕȐșȚțȦ ȟȈșȚȤ ȗȈȘȒȈ ǯȌȍșȤ ȓȈȊȘȣ
Ȓȓȍȕȣ ȖȓȤȝȈ ǷȖȌ ȓȐșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ șȊȖȌȖȔ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȕȖȟȤ ȌȈ-
Ȏȍ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȐȦȓȤșȒȖȍ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȏȈȎȐȋȈȍȚ șȊȍȚȓȣȍ ȊȍȘ-
ȝțȠȒȐ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȍȊ
ǵȖ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ ȗȈȘȒ ȔȐȕțȍȚ ȘȍȠȍȚ-
Ȓț ȋȌȍ Ȋȍȕȏȍȓȧ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȒȘȈșțȦȚșȧ ȕȈ Ȏȍȓȍȏȕȣȝ ȋȍȘȉȈȝ
șȘȍȌȐ ȏȈȘȎȈȊȍȊȠȐȝ ȓȐȓȐȑ ǶȕȈ ȐȌȍȚ ȗȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ ȌȘȖȎȈ-

10
ȡȍȑ Ȋ ȏȕȖȍ. ǷȖ ȒȘȈȧȔ ȗȈȗȖȘȖȚȕȐȒ ǹȚțȟȐȚ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȌȧȚȍȓ,
Ȑ ȧȡȍȘȐȞȈ ȗȘȖșȒȖȓȤȏȈȍȚ ȗțȋȓȐȊȖ
ȅȚȈ ȌȖȘȖȋȈ ȊȍȌȍȚ Ȓ șȚȈȘȖȑ ȉȍȌȕȖȑ ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȍ ǵȈȌȖ
ȗȍȘȍșȍȟȤ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ǺȈȔ ȕȈ ȝȖȓȔȐȒȈȝ ȔȧȚȈ ȌȐȒȐȍ ȋȊȖȏ-
ȌȐȒȐ Ȑ ȒțȘȖșȓȍȗȣ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȟȈșȖȊȕȦ ǶȡțȡȍȕȐȍ ȝȖȓȖ-
ȌȈ ȗȖȘȈȎȈȍȚ ȍȍ DzȈȎȍȚșȧ ȍȑ ȟȚȖ ȒȈȗȓȐ ȌȖȎȌȧ ȗȈȌȈȦȚ
ȕȈ ȘȈȏȋȖȘȧȟȍȕȕȖȍ ȚȍȓȖ ǷȖȌ ȏȕȖȑȕȣȔ ȕȍȉȖȔ ȗȘȐȒȘȣ-
ȚȈȧ ȟȍȘȍȗȐȞȈȔȐ Ȑ ȗȓȦȡȖȔ ǩȖȎȤȧ ȝȐȎȐȕȈ ȌȍȘȎȐȚ
ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌț ȒȈȒ ȒțȊȠȐȕ.
ǨȓȚȈȘȤ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȍȕ Ȑ ȉȍȌȍȕ ǵȈ ȌȊțȝ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȝ ȖȒȖȠ-
ȒȈȝ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȈȒȘȈȝȔȈȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȏȈȕȈȊȍșȒȐ Ǫ ȕȐȠȈȝ
ǩȖȋȖȘȖȌȐȞȈ Ȑ șȊȧȚȖȑ ǰȖșȐȜ ǻ Ȑȝ ȕȖȋ ȌȍȠȍȊȣȍ ȊȈȏȣ Ȋ
ȕȐȝ ȉțȔȈȎȕȣȍ ȘȖȏȣ ǷȖșȍȘȍȌȐȕȍ ȞȍȘȒȊȐ Ȋ ȊȣȌȖȓȉȓȍȕ-
ȕȖȔ ȒȈȔȕȍ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ Ȋ ȟȈȠȍ — șȊȧȚȈȧ ȊȖȌȈ ȗȖȓȕȈȧ
șȊȍȚȓȖȑ ȚȍȕȐ ǷȘȖșȚ Ȑ șȒȘȖȔȍȕ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȣȑ
ȗȖȚȖȓȖȒ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ șȚȖȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȧȝ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ — ȠȍȗȟȍȚ ȖȕȈ — ȖȋȘȈȌȐ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȚ ȌțȘȕȣȝ
Ȕȣșȓȍȑ ȇ ȝȖȟț ȉȣȚȤ ȟȐșȚȖȑ ȌȍȊȖȟȒȖȑ ǰȏȉȈȊȤ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȚ
ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚșȚȊȈ ǰșȞȍȓȐ ȖȚ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȧ ȗȘȖȟȍșȚȤ Ȋ ȉȈȉțȠ-
ȒȐȕȖȔ ȧȡȐȒȍ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȇ ȔȧȚȍȎȕȈȧ ȌțȠȈ
ǴȈȚȍȘȤ ǩȖȎȐȧ ȏȈșȚțȗȐșȤ ȏȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ǹȗȈșȐ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȚ ȈȌȈ ȇ
șȚȘȈȠțșȤ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȖȑ ȕȈȊȍȒȐ ǩȖȎȍ ȕȍ ȘȈȏȓțȟȐ
Ȕȍȕȧ ș ȔȈȔȖȑ Ȑ ș ȗȈȗȖȟȒȖȑ ǹȌȍȓȈȑ ȟȚȖȉ Ȕȣ Ȋșȍ ȊȔȍ-
șȚȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȈ ȕȍȉȍ ǷȘȖșȚȐ Ȕȍȕȧ
DzȓȈȘȈ ȒȘȍșȚȐȚșȧ ȒȘȖȗȐȚ ȓȖȉ șȊȧȚȖȑ ȊȖȌȖȑ Ȑ ȊȣȝȖ-
ȌȐȚ ǵȈ ȖȌȕț ȔȐȕțȚț ȌȍȕȤ ȖșȓȍȗȓȧȍȚ ȍȍ ǪȌȈȓȍȒȍ ȏȈ Țȍ-
ȕȐșȚȣȔȐ ȝȖȓȔȈȔȐ — ǷȐȘȍȕȍȐ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȣȍ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȔ ȊȖ-
ȌȖȗȈȌȈȔ
DzȓȈȘȈ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ ȔȐȔȖ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȈ ǯȌȍșȤ ȔȖȋȐȓȣ
Ȋșȍȝ Ȑȏ ȘȖȌȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǩȍȘȕȈȘ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ  ǮȈȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍ-
ȉȍȏ  ǮȈȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ  ǭȓȐșȈȊȍȚȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ .
ǺȘȐșȚȈȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ  ǨȔȍȓȐȕȈȌȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ  ǰ
ȍȡȍ ȌȘțȋȐȍ

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ǵȍȔȕȖȋȖ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕȍ — ȖȌȐȕȖȒȈȧ ȔȖȋȐȓȈ ȗȖȘȖșȠȈȧ
ȘȖȏȖȊȖȑ ȉȍȓȓȈȌȖȕȕȖȑ ǵȈ ȒȈȔȕȍ ȗȘȖșȚȈȧ ȕȈȌȗȐșȤ dzȈț-
ȘȈ dzȖȗȍ, 1805.
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȒȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȖȝȖ-
ȘȖȕȍȕ ǭȑ șȒȈȏȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȉȓȐȏȒȈȧ șȍȔȤȍ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ
ǶȕȈ ȓȦȉȐȚ ȥȚț ȔȖȋȐȓț ș ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣȔ ȕȖ ȕȍȎȕȣȔ ȐȔȍ-
ȕȍȔ ǭȍ ȏȊȈȓȐ dzȈțȘȖȑ ȒȈȒ ȕȍȊȍșȚț ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ
ǰ DzȓȈȘȈ șȕȖȊȈ ȔȍȟȚȈȍȚ
DzȈȒȖȊȖ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ǷțȈȕ-Ȍȍ-ǷȐȚȘȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȗȖ-
ȒȖȐȚșȧ ȌȘțȋȈȧ dzȈțȘȈ Ȑ ȍȍ ȎȍȕȐȝ ȌȧȌȧ ǰȖȈȝȐȔ" ǭșȚȤ
ȓȐ ȚȈȔ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ ȊȘȖȌȍ ȕȈȠȍȑ" ȇ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȦ șȍȉȍ ǷțȈȕ-
Ȍȍ-ǷȐȚȘ ȗȖ ȋȘȈȊȦȘȍ Ȋ «ǹȍȔȍȑȕȖȔ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȈȝȍ» ǷȈȝț-
ȟȐȍ ȓȍșȈ Ȑ ȋțȓȧȦȚ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ ȕȍȋȘȣ DzȈȒȈȧ ȉȣȓȈ dzȈțȘȈ"
ǶȕȈ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȚȤ ȊȣșȖȒȖȑ Ȑ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȝȖȌȐȚȤ ǶȕȐ Ȟȍ-
ȓȖȊȈȓȐșȤ"
DzȓȈȘȈ ȒȘȈșȕȍȍȚ Ȑ ȖȚȋȖȕȧȍȚ ȥȚȐ ȔȣșȓȐ ǶȕȈ ȟțȚȤ ȒȓȖ-
ȕȐȚșȧ ȊȕȐȏ ȕȍțȒȓȦȎȈȧ Ȑ ȖȟȈȘȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȔȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȠȍșȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȓȍȚ ǷȘȖȝȖȌȧ ȗȖ
șȈȌț ȖȕȈ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ șȈȌȖȊȕȐȒț ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕȍșȍȚ ȗțȒ șȈ-
ȓȈȚȈ
ǩȈȉțȠȒȈ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ ȕȈȌ ȒȖȊȘȖȔ ȖȚȍȞ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș ȕȍȑ Ȓț-
ȘȐȚ ȚȘțȉȒț ǵȈ ȒȈȔȕȍ ȝȘȈȗȐȚ ǸȖȉȐȕȏȖȕ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȍș
șȊȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȒȓțȉȒȖȔ
— ǬȖȉȘȖȍ țȚȘȖ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ ȌȖȉȘȖȍ țȚȘȖ ȗȈȗȈ
ǶȕȐ ȞȍȓțȦȚșȧ
— ǻȌȈȟȕȖ Țȣ ȖȝȖȚȐȓșȧ ȗȈȗȖȟȒȈ"
— ǬȈ ȌȍȚȒȈ ǷȖȑȌȐ ȗȖȋȓȧȌȐ Ȋ ȒțȝȕȦ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȖȘȖ-
ȗȐșȤ Ǩ ȚȖ șȒȖȘȖ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȚȤ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘȍ ȌȊțȝ ȝȖȘȖȠȍȕȤȒȐȝ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȗȍȓȖȒ ș ȒȘȈșȕȣȔȐ ȓȈȗȒȈȔȐ ș ȘȣȎȐȔȐ ȗȍȘȤȧȔȐ ȕȍȎ-
ȕȣȔȐ, ȒȈȒ ȠȍȓȒ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȌȍȚ Ȋ șȊȖȦ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȖȌȍȚȤșȧ ǶȕȈ ȏȈ-
ȊȐȊȈȍȚ șȕȖȊȈ șȊȖȐ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȍ ȓȖȒȖȕȣ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȕȈȌȍȊȈȍȚ
ȗȓȈȚȤȍ Ȑȏ ȉȍȓȖȋȖ ȔțșȓȐȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȗȖȌȈȘȐȓȈ ȍȑ ȚȍȚȧ
ǨȔȍȕȈȐȌȈ ǫȖȓțȉȖȑ ȗȖȧș șȊȐșȈȍȚ ș ȊȣșȖȒȖȑ ȚȈȓȐȐ ǭȍ

12
ȚȍȓȖ ș ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ȌȖ ȕȖȋ, ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖȑ Ȑ șȊȍ-
Ȏȍȑ ȓȐȕȐȍȑ ǵȈ ȋȖȓȣȝ ȘțȒȈȝ ȧȔȖȟȒȐ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȣȍ țȓȣȉ-
Ȓȍ ǰ ȘȖȚ ȚȖȎȍ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ ǵȐȎȕȧȧ ȋțȉȈ ȈȓȈȧ ȟțȚȤ ȘȈș-
ȡȍȗȓȍȕȈ ǬȍȚșȒȐȑ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȊȏȌȍȘȕțȚȣȑ ȕȖș Ǫ ȓȖȒȖ-
ȕȈȝ ȗȘȖȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȍ țȠȒȐ dzȖȉ țȏȒȐȑ Ȑ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ
ȊȣșȖȒ
— Ǻȣ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȈ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌ-
Ȓȍ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȣ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ — ǰ ȊȖȊȘȍȔȧ ȖȌȍȓȈșȤ
ǪȖȚ ȏȊȖȕȖȒ ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȥȚȖ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
ǶȕȐ Ȗȉȍ ȊȣȝȖȌȧȚ Ȋ șȈȌ ǷȖȓȌȍȕȤ ǪȖȏȌțȝ ȌȘȖȎȐȚ
ǹȚȘȍȒȖȟțȚ ȞȐȒȈȌȣ ǹȓȈȉȣȑ ȊȍȚȍȘȖȒ ȖȉȘȍȔȍȕȍȕȕȣȑ
ȚȧȎȒȐȔȐ ȌțȠȈȔȐ ȞȊȍȚȖȊ ȍȓȍ ȊȍȍȚ ǷȖ Ȉȓȓȍȍ ȒȈȚȐȚșȧ
ȒȖȓȧșȒȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȈ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕȈ ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ț ȒȘțȋȈ
ȖȉșȈȎȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȚȦȓȤȗȈȕȈȔȐ
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ș ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȊȣȓȍȏȈȍȚ Ȑȏ ȥȒȐȗȈȎȈ —
ț ȕȍȋȖ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȈȧ ȕȖȋȈ ǶȗȐȘȈȧșȤ ȕȈ ȗȈȓȒț Ȗȕ ȔȈȠȍȚ
ȠȓȧȗȖȑ Ƕȕ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȊȣșȖȒ ǷȘȐȋȓȈȎȍȕȕȣȍ ȊȖȓȖșȣ ȗȖȝȖ-
ȎȐ ȕȈ ȉȍȓȣȑ ȚȦȓȤȗȈȕ Ƕȕ ȖȌȍȚ Ȋ țȏȒȐȑ Ȑ țȗȘțȋȐȑ ȜȘȈȒ.
ǷȖȏȌȖȘȖȊȈȊȠȐșȤ ș ȌȈȔȈȔȐ Ȗȕ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȋȖșȚȐȕțȦ.
ǫȖȓȖș ȍȋȖ ȔȧȋȖȒ ǹȈȌȧșȤ Ȗȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ:
— ǬȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȈȧ ȕȖȋȈ ȕȍ ȝȖȟȍȚ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ Ȋ ȗȖȒȖȍ.
ǻȎ ȌȊȍ ȕȍȌȍȓȐ ȒȈȒ ȘȍȊȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȉȖȓȐ
ǩȈȉțȠȒȈ DzȓȈȘȣ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ ș ȌȍȚșȒȖȑ țȓȣȉȒȖȑ
ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ
— ǬȈ ȒȈȒ ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ǪȖȚ ȌȍșȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ
ȒȈȒ ȘȈșȗțȝȓȈ ȗȘȈȊȈȧ ȘțȒȈ
— ǵȖ ț ȊȈș șȓȈȊȈ ǩȖȋț ȘțȒȈ — ȕȍ ȟțȘȉȈȕ Ǩ ȟȚȖ
șȒȈȎȍȚ ȕȈȔ ȥȚȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖȍ ȌȐȚȧ"
Ƕȕ ȘȈȏȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘț șȐȌȧȡțȦ ȕȈȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȕȍȋȖ ț
ȠȐȘȔȣ. ǵȈ ȠȐȘȔȍ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧ ș ȎȍȓȚȣȔȐ ȗȓȖȌȈȔȐ ȗȖȌ
ȕȐȔȐ șȗȧȡȐȍ ȗȈșȚțȝȐ ǭȡȍ — ȖȝȖȚȈ ȏȈ șȍȘȕȖȑ ǿȍȘȍȏ
Șțȟȍȑ ȗȘȣȋȈȍȚ șȍȘȕȈ ǹȖȉȈȒȐ ș ȊȣșțȕțȚȣȔȐ ȧȏȣȒȈȔȐ
ȕȈșȚȐȋȈȦȚ ȍȍ ǪȌȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȧȕȍ ȌȊȈ ȊșȈȌȕȐȒȈ ȖȌȐȕ ș
ȘȖȋȖȔ șȚȈȘȈȦȚșȧ ȐȏȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȐȓ ȕȍ ȖȚșȚȈȚȤ ǬȍȘȍȊȤȧ ș
ȎȍȓȚȣȔȐ ȗȓȖȌȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȉȍȓȖȔ ȜȖȕȍ Ȉ Șțȟȍȑ Ȑ ȓȐșȚȊȈ șȐ-

13
ȕȐȍ ȅȚȖ ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȏȈȒȈȚ șȍȕȚȧȉȘȧ DzȈȎȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ
Ȓțȗȣ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȍȊ ȊȖȓȕțȦȚșȧ ȗȖȌ ȊȍȚȘȖȔ țȝȖȌȧȡȍȋȖ ȓȍȚȈ
ǰ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȠȐȘȔȖȑ șȊȐșȈȦȚ ȓȖȒȖȕȣ DzȓȈȘȣ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȒȈȒ
ȗȓȖȌȣ șȗȍȓȣȍ Ȑ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȍ.
ǶȕȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ șȔțȡȍȕȕȈȧ Ȑ ȔȐȓȈȧ Ǫ ȚȖ
ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȒ ȔȈȚȤ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ ȏȈ ȕȍȍ ȚȣșȧȟȐ Ȕȣșȓȍȑ șȒȖȓȤ-
ȏȧȚ Ȋ ȌȍȊȐȟȤȍȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǶȕȈ ȌțȔȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
Ǩș-
Țȥȕ șȔțȡȈȍȚ ȍȍ ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȍȋȖ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȏȕȈȍȚ
Ȑ ȓȦȉȐȚ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȏȕȈȓȈ
ȍȋȖ Ƕȕ ȗțȋȈȓ ȍȍ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȧ Ȗ ȗțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȐȐ
Ȋ DzȐȚȈȑ Ȑ Ȗ ȏȈȔțȟȍȕȕȣȝ ȔȐșșȐȖȕȍȘȈȝ ȅȚȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌȈȘȐȓ
ȍȑ ȌȊȍ ȒȘȈșȐȊȣȍ ȋȘȈȊȦȘȣ ȖȌȕȈ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ ©Ȏȍȕ-
ȡȐȕț ȊȣșȠȍȋȖ șȖșȓȖȊȐȧ ǴȖȕȋȖȓȐȐ Ȋ ȕȈȘȧȌȍ ȓȍȚȕȐȝ Ȟȍ-
ȘȍȔȖȕȐȈȓȖȊª ȌȘțȋȈȧ — «șȚȈȘȠțȦ ȌȖȟȤ ȐȔȗȍȘȈȚȖȘȈ»...
DzȐȚȈȑ — ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȈȧ șȚȘȈȕȈ ȚȈȔ ȔțȟȈȚ ǽȘȐșȚȈ ǶȕȈ
ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ șȒȊȍȘȕȖ ȗȈȝȕȍȚ ȒȈȒ ȕȈȠ șțȕȌțȒ — ȒȈȔȜȈȘȖȑ Ȑ
ȗȍȘȞȍȔ ȅȚȖ șȚȘȈȕȈ ȌȍȔȖȕȖȊ Ǩȝ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖȍ-
ȝȈȓȈ ȉȣ ȖȝȖȚȕȍȍ ȕȈ ȖșȚȘȖȊȈ ǫȊȈȌȍȓțȗȣ ȋȌȍ ȌȖȉȘȣȍ
ȕȍȋȘȐȚȧȕȒȐ șȚȈȕȖȊȧȚșȧ ȒȈȚȖȓȐȟȒȈȔȐ ȋȌȍ țȔȍȘȓȐ ȌȧȌȧ
ǰȖȈȝȐȔ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȊȍșȚȈ dzȈțȘȈ ǶȕȐ ȓȦȉȐȓȐ ȌȘțȋ ȌȘțȋȈ
șȘȍȌȐ ȞȊȍȚȖȊ ǵȖ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȓȦȉȐȚ DzȓȈ-
Șț ȍȡȍ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌȈȘȐȓ ȍȑ ȔȖȌȕȣȑ ȉȘȈșȓȍȚ — ȏȖ-
ȓȖȚțȦ ȞȍȗȤ ș ȠȈȘȐȒȖȔ Ƕȕ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȉȣȓ ȓțȟȠȐȔ ȌȘț-
ȋȖȔ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ
ȕȍȔ
DzȈȒ ȘȈȏ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȧȚ Ȋ șȚȖȓȖȊțȦ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȖȊȖȘ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ȒȘȈșȐȊȖȋȖ țȉ-
ȘȈȕșȚȊȈ șȚȖȓȈ — ȊȤȦȡȐȔȐșȧ ȘȖȏȈȔȐ Ȑ ȗȍȚțȕȐȧȔȐ
— ǪȖȚ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǨȕȘȐ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ,
— ȧ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȡȈȓȤȕȖȔ ȖȉȍȌȍ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ
ȕȈȒȈȕțȕȍ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț ȉȣȓȐ ȚȈȒȐȍ Ȏȍ ȞȊȍȚȣ
ȊȖȒȘțȋ șȒȈȚȍȘȚȐ ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓ ȖȟȍȕȤ Ȋȍșȍȓȣȑ ȊȍȟȍȘ Ȋ ǩȖȘȌȖ
Ȋ «ǩȘȈȏȐȓȤșȒȖȔ ȘȍșȚȖȘȈȕȍ» Ǵȣ ȗȐȓȐ ȏȈ ȔȖȦ Ȑ ȏȈ ȍȋȖ
ȓȦȉȖȊȤ ǺȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȧ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȓȦȉȖȊȤ ȒȖȕ-

ȟȐȚșȧ ȚȈȒ ȚȘȈȋȐȟȍșȒȐ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȊ Ȑȏ DzȐȚȈȧ ȧ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ
ȉțȌț ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȊȖȏȓȦȉȓȍȕȕțȦ dzȈțȘț
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȏȈȔȖȓȒȈȍȚ Ƕȕ ȏȈȉȣȓ Ȗ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚ-
ȊȐȐ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ǻȓȣȉȒȈ ȋȖșȗȖȎȐ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȍȔț ȕȈȗȖȔȐ-
ȕȈȍȚ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ
— ǻ ȊȈș — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗȕ — ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȌȣȕȐ
— ǷȖȟȊȈ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȗȍșȟȈȕȈȧ — ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍ-
ȉȍȏ — ǵȖ Ȋȣ ȕȍ țȏȕȈȍȚȍ șȖȘȚȈ" ȅȚȖ ȖȚ Țȍȝ ȏȕȈȔȍȕȐȚȣȝ
șȍȔȍȟȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ Ȋȣ ȚȈȒ ȓȦȉȍȏȕȖ ȗȖȌȕȍșȓȐ Ȕȕȍ ȠȍșȚȤ
ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ Ǫȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȖȚ ȌȖȟȍȘȐ ȖȌȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȒȐȚȈȑșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖȥȚȈ
— ǰȓȐ ȖȚ ȌȖȟȍȘȐ ȔȈȕȌȈȘȐȕȈ ǪȖȚ ȧ șȚȈȘȐȒ ȌȈȎȍ
ȌȣȕȦ ȕȍ ȔȖȋț ȖȗȖȏȕȈȚȤ Ǩ ȔȈȕȌȈȘȐȕȣ — ȧ ȉȖȦșȤ
ǻ DzȓȈȘȣ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȈȝȔțȘȐȓȐșȤ ȉȘȖȊȐ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ
șȓȖȊ Ȗ ȌȧȌȍ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȍ ȗȖȚȘȧșȓȐ ȍȍ ǶȕȈ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȍȚ ȗȘȖ
șȍȉȧ Ȗȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ «ȗȘȐȍȝȈȊ Ȑȏ DzȐȚȈȧ ȧ ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȐȓ ȏȌȍșȤ
ȍȋȖ ȊȖȏȓȦȉȓȍȕȕțȦ dzȈțȘț» ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ȍȍ DzȓȈȘț ȖȉȔȈȕȣ-
ȊȈȓȐ ǶȕȈ țȔȍȘȓȈ ȏȌȍșȤ ǫȌȍ" Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȔ ȌȖȔȍ"
ǭȑ șȒȈȏȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ țȔȍȘȓȈ Ȋ ǷțȈȕ-Ȉ-ǷȐȚȘ ǯȕȈ-
ȟȐȚ ȕȍȗȘȈȊȌȈ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȎȐȓȐ ȚȈȔ ǵȖ ȕȍȚ ȕȈ ȗȐșȤȔȈȝ
Ȋ ȧȡȐȒȍ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȖ «ǫȊȈȌȍȓțȗȈ» Ƕȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ «ȧ ȗȖȝȖ-
ȘȖȕȐȓ ȍȍ ȏȌȍșȤª«
— ǻ Țȍȉȧ ȕȍȚ ȈȗȗȍȚȐȚȈ ȌȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ" — ȏȈȔȍȟȈȍȚ ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ǶȕȈ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ
— ȇ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ țșȚȈȓȈ ȔȈȔȖȟȒȈ —ǰ ȗȤȍȚ ȊȖȌț ȟȚȖȉ
ȗȘȐȕțȌȐȚȤ șȍȉȧ ȍșȚ.
Ǫ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ șȕȖȊȈ ȊȖȏȖȉȕȖȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȖȕȈ
ȌțȔȈȍȚ Ȗȕ ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȐȓ ȏȌȍșȤ dzȈțȘț ǶȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȚ Ȋ Ȕȣș-
ȓȧȝ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ș ȉȍȓȓȈȌȖȕȕȖȑ ȔȧȚȖȑ Ȑ ȌȐȒȐȔȐ ȋȊȖȏȌȐ-
ȒȈȔȐ ǰ ȟȐȚȈȍȚ: «dzȈțȘȈ dzȖȗȍ, 1805».
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15
ǵȖȟȤ șȊȍȚȓȈȧ Ȑ ȚȍȗȓȈȧ ǺȖȓȗȣ ȔȖȠȍȒ ȗȖȒȐȌȈȦȚ
ȘțȟȤȐ Ȑ ȓȍȚȧȚ ȕȈ șȊȍȚ ȓȈȔȗȣ
ǷȖșȓȍ țȎȐȕȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȘȍȠȐȓ
ȖșȚȈȚȤșȧ, ȐȋȘȈȍȚ Ȋ ȠȈȝȔȈȚȣ ș ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȖȔ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȣȠȐȊȈȍȚ șȊȖȑ ȒȖȊȍȘ DzȓȈȘȈ ȏȈȓȖ-
ȎȐȊ ȘțȒȐ ȏȈ șȗȐȕț, ȋȓȧȌȐȚ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ ȒȈȒ șȒȖȓȤȏȧȚ ȚȍȕȐ
ȊȧȏȖȊ ǹȚȘȈȕȕȖȍ ȚȖȔȓȍȕȐȍ Ȋ ȕȍȑ ǶȕȈ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȖȑ ǬȈȎȍ ȚȐȝȐȔȐ ȊȍȟȍȘȈȔȐ ȒȈȒ șȍȑȟȈș
ȌțȠȈ ȍȍ ȚȖșȒțȍȚ DzȖȋȌȈ DzȓȈȘȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȍȡȍ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȖȔ ȗȖ-
ȌȈȘȍȕȕȈȧ ȒțȒȓȈ ȍȍ ȗȘȐȊȖȌȐȓȈ Ȋ ȕȍȐșȚȖȊȣȑ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋ ǵȖ
ȊȌȘțȋ ȖȕȈ ȉȘȖșȈȓȈ ȐȋȘțȠȒț Ȑ ȊȏȘȖșȓȣȍ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ
ȥȚȖȑ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕȣ ǹȘȈȏț ȖȕȈ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȈșȤ țȕȣȓȖȑ ș ȕȈ-
ȝȔțȘȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȉȘȖȊȧȔȐ ȖȚȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȧșȤ șȖ ȏȓȖȉȖȑ ȖȚ ȒțȒ-
ȓȣ «ǶȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕȟȐȊȈ» ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ. ǵȖ
ȕȍȚ Ǫ ȔȐȕțȚț șȈȔȖȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȘȈȌȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȖȉȓȈȌȈȕȐȧ
ȒțȒȓȖȑ DzȓȈȘȈ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȓȈ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȕȖ
ȕȍȐȏȉȍȎȕȣȑ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȖȒ ǶȕȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȕȈ ȘȖȏȖȊȖȑ
ȔȈȚȍȘȐȐ ȕȈȉȐȚȖȑ ȗȈȒȓȍȑ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȦȡȍȑ ȚȍȓȖ ȕȍ-
șȔȣȊȈȍȔȖȍ ȕȍșȚȐȘȈȍȔȖȍ ȕȐȟȍȔ ȗȧȚȕȣȠȒȖ
ǴȖȧ ȒțȒȓȈ ȕȍȝȖȘȖȠȈȧ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ ȖȕȈ șȍȉȍ DzȈȒ ȎȈȓ-
ȒȖ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȔȈȋȈȏȐȕȍ ȕȍ ȊȣȉȘȈȓȐ ȌȘțȋțȦ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ ȒȈ-
ȒțȦ…
ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒțȒȖȓ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ Ȋ ȟȈșȣ șȈȔȣȝ
ȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȖȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ Ȑȏ ȐșȗȖȊȍȌȈȓȤ-
ȕȖȑ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ȍȍ ȌțȠȍ ȉȓȈȋȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȗȖȒȖȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȊșȗȖȔȐ-
ȕȈȍȚșȧ ȏȈȉȣȚȣȑ ȋȘȍȝ ǪșȍȋȌȈ ȥȚȖ șȈȔȣȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ǵȖ
ȏȈȉȣȓȈ ȓȐ ȖȕȈ ȍȋȖ" ǵȍ ȕȈȘȖȟȕȖ ȓȐ șȒȘȣȓȈ ȖȚ ȌțȝȖȊ-
ȕȐȒȈ" ȅȚȖ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȍ ȐȏȊȖȌȐȚ ȍȍ ǿȚȖ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ" ǴȖȎȍȚ
ȓȐ ȖȕȈ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȚ ȕȍ ȕȈȘȖȟȕȖ" ǯȕȈȟȐȚ, ȖȕȈ
ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȈ" ǰ șȚȘȈȠȕȣȍ ȐȏȔȣȠȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌțȦȚ ȍȍ
ȊȍșȤ ȌȍȕȤ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȊȖ șȕȍ…
— ȀȈȝ Ȑ ȔȈȚ! — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ șȊȖȍȔț
țȓȣȉȈȦȡȍȔțșȧ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒț

DzȓȈȘȈ ȗȖȊȈȘȈȟȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȋȖȓȖȊȈ ȍȍ Ȋșȍ ȍȡȍ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȈ
ȏȈ șȗȐȕȖȑ ȖȉȕȈȎȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȕȣȍ ȘțȒȐ ǶȕȈ șȓȍȌȐȚ ȏȈ
ȐȋȘȖȑ ǵȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȧ ȍȍ ȖȕȈ ȓȦȉȐȚ ȥȚȐ ȉȓȍșȚȧȡȐȍ ȜȐ-
ȋțȘȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȏȈȟȍȔ-ȚȖ șȒȖȓȤȏȧȚ ȗȖ ȌȖșȒȍ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȔȖȓ-
ȟȈȓȐȊȈȧ ȖȕȈ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ț ȓȈȔȗȣ Ȑ ȘȈșȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ
ȏȕȈȒȖȔțȦ ȒȕȐȋț.
ȅȚȖ «DzȐȚȈȑ Ȋ ȔȐȕȐȈȚȦȘȍ» Ȍȍ-ǩȘȍȚȖȕȈ ȗȖȌȈȘȖȒ ȋȖș-
ȗȖȌȐȕȈ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕȈ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȘȈȏȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȍȚ ȋȘȈȊȦ-
Șț țȒȘȈȠȈȦȡțȦ ȋȓȈȊț Ȗ șȉȖȘȍ ȟȈȧ ǸȖȏȖȊȣȍ ȖȉȍȏȤȧȕȣ
ȗȖȓȏțȚ ȗȖ ȋȖȘȍ ǶȌȕȈ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ șȐȌȐȚ ȕȈ ȟȈȑȕȖȔ ȌȍȘȍȊȍ Ȑ
ȚȘȧșȍȚ ȊȍȚȒȐ Ǩ ȊȕȐȏț ȒȐȚȈȑȞȣ Ȋ ȗȓȖșȒȐȝ șȖȓȖȔȍȕȕȣȝ
ȠȓȧȗȈȝ Ȋ ȖȘȈȕȎȍȊȣȝ ȠȚȈȕȈȝ Ȑ ȏȈȋȕțȚȣȝ ȚțȜȓȧȝ șȖ-
ȉȐȘȈȦȚ ȖȉȓȍȚȈȦȡȐȍ ȓȐșȚȤȧ Ȑ ȞȊȍȚȣ Ǫ șȚȖȘȖȕȍ ȖȌȕȈ
ȖȉȍȏȤȧȕȈ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ Ȋ ȉȍȓȣȝ ȗȍȘȟȈȚȒȈȝ, șȖșȍȚ ȗȓȖȌ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȒȕȐȋț ǩȤȍȚ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ.
ǶȕȈ ȞȍȓțȍȚ Ȋșȍȝ Ȑ ȊȏȧȊ ț ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȣ șȊȍȟț ȐȌȍȚ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ
Ȋ șȊȖȦ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț
ǶșȚȈȊȠȐșȤ ȖȌȕȈ DzȓȈȘȈ ȟțȊșȚȊțȍȚ ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȐȍ ǵȍ ȚȖ
ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȓȦȉȐȚ ȉȣȚȤ ș ȌȖȘȖȋȐȔȐ ȘȖȌȐȚȍȓȧȔȐ ȕȖ
ȖȌȐȕȖȟȍșȚȊȖ țșȗȖȒȈȐȊȈȍȚ ȥȚț ȝȘțȗȒțȦ ȌțȠț
— ǬȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȍȑ ȟȈșȚȖ ȌțȝȖȊȕȐȒ țȘșțȓȐ-
ȕȖȒ, — ȊȈȠȐ țȋȘȣȏȍȕȐȧ șȖȊȍșȚȐ — ȖȕȐ ȖȚ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ ȟțȚȒȖșȚȐ. ǪȈȠȈ ȌțȠȈ ȗȖȚȘȧșȍȕȈ ȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȖȚ ȌȖȉȘȈ
ȈȕȍȖȚȏȓȈ.
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ ȘȈȏȌȍȊȈȍȚșȧ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȕȖ
șȖ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȑ șȚȣȌȓȐȊȖșȚȤȦ ȉȖȧșȤ ȋȓȧȌȍȚȤ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȟȚȖ
șȒȘȣȊȈȓȖ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ȚȍȚȐ ǨȔȍȕȈȐȌȣ ǶȕȈ ȓȖȎȐȚșȧ ȚțȠȐȚ
ȔȍȌȕȣȔ ȒȖȓȗȈȟȒȖȔ șȊȍȟț ȕȖ ȕȍ ȏȈșȣȗȈȍȚ Ǫ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȐȋ
ȌțȠȈ ȍȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚ ȘȈȊȕȖȊȍșȐȍ ǺȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȚ Ȋșȍ ȓțȟ-
Ƞȍ ȟȍȔ ȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȕȈ șȈȔȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ ǶȕȈ ȌțȔȈȍȚ Ȗ ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȌȐȕȍ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗ ȌȧȌȍ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȍ Ȑ
dzȈțȘȍ Ȗ ȚȈȑȕȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȖȒȘțȎȐȓȐ Ȑȝ ȗȈȔȧȚȤ ǷȖȚȖȔ
ȖȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȚ șȍȉȧ Ȋ ȗȈȘȒȍ ǪȖȚ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȈ ȊȧȏȈ, ȗȘȖȋȈȓȐ-
ȕȈ ȕȈȓȍȊȖ țȘȕȈ Ȑȏ șȍȘȖȋȖ ȒȈȔȕȧ Ȑ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȚȍȕȐșȚȈȧ Ȉȓ-
ȓȍȧ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȖȕȈ ȏȈșȣȗȈȍȚ.

17
II
ǵȖȟȤȦ ȋȘȖȏȈ ș ȓȐȊȕȍȔ ȏȈȚȖȗȐȓȐ ȗȈȘȒ ǵȖ ȊȓȈȋȈ Ȑș-
ȗȈȘȧȍȚșȧ Ȑ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȚȈȒ ȉȓȍșȚȐȚ ȕȈ ȓȐșȚȊȍ ȟȚȖ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ
ȋȓȧȌȍȚȤ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȖȋțȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ «Ȉȓȓȍȍ ȖȘȍ-
ȠȕȐȒȈ» ǵȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ șȒȖȘȓțȗȒȐ șȉȘȖȠȍȕȕȣȍ ȉȍȓȒȈȔȐ
ǹȊȍȎȍȍ Ȑ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖȍ țȚȘȖ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȚ Ȗ șȒȖȘȖȔ ȖȒȖȕ-
ȟȈȕȐȐ ȒȈȕȐȒțȓ.
DzȓȈȘȈ ȎȌȍȚ ȗȖȒȈ șȈȌȖȊȕȐȒ ȖșȍȌȓȈȍȚ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȋȖ Ȗș-
ȓȈ Ƕȕ ȒȖȕȟȐȓ DzȓȈȘȈ șȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȏȍȓȍȕțȦ ȊȍȚȒț ȊșȒȈ-
ȒȐȊȈȍȚ ȕȈ ȖșȓȈ Ȑ ȗȘȈȊȐȚ Ȓ ȊȖȘȖȚȈȔ ǶȕȈ ȊȣȉȐȘȈȍȚ ȚȘȖ-
ȗȐȕȒț ȓȍșȈ ǵȖȈȘȤȍ ǹ ȒȐȏȐȓȤȕȐȒȈ ȓȍȌȧȕȣȍ ȒȈȗȓȐ ȗȈ-
ȌȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȕȍȍ ǶșȓȍȕȖȒ ȉȍȎȐȚ ȔȍȓȒȖȑ ȘȣșȤȦ DzȓȈȘț ȚȘȧ-
șȍȚ ȊȖ Ȋșȍ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ Ȑ ȖȕȈ ȌȍȘȎȐȚ ȘțȒȖȑ ȠȐȘȖȒțȦ Ƞȓȧ-
ȗț ȋȖȚȖȊțȦ șȓȍȚȍȚȤ ǪȖȚ ȖȕȈ ȕȈ ȏȈȔȠȍȕȕȖȑ ȓțȎȈȑȒȍ
ȋȌȍ ȞȊȍȚțȚ ȒȘȖȒțșȣ ǵȈ ȒțșȚȈȝ ȉȓȍșȚȧȚ ȚȖȕȒȐȍ ȗȈțȚȐ-
ȕȣ ǹȓȣȠȕȖ ȎțȘȟȈȕȤȍ ȘțȟȤȍȊ ȍȡȍ ȗȍȘȍȗȖȓȕȍȕȕȣȝ
ȕȖȟȕȣȔ ȓȐȊȕȍȔ ǹȖȘȖȒȐ șȚȘȍȒȖȟțȚ ȒȘȐȟȐȚ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ șȖȑ-
ȒȈ ǵȖ Ȋ ȟȈȡȍ ȓȍșȈ ȕȍȊȖȏȔțȚȐȔȈȧ ȚȐȠȐȕȈ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȐȝȖ
ȠțȘȠȈȚ ȊȣșȖȒȐȍ ȗȈȗȖȘȖȚȕȐȒȐ ȏȈȌȍȚȣȍ ȉȖȒȈȔȐ ȖșȓȈ
ǷȖȌ ȒȈȠȚȈȕȖȔ Ȋ ȗȘȖșȊȍȚȈȝ șȖȓȕȞȈ Ȑ ȐȏțȔȘțȌȈ ȞȊȍ-
ȚțȚ ȓȍșȕȣȍ ȋȐȈȞȐȕȚȣ ǰȝ ȚȍȔȕȖ-șȐȕȐȍ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȟȐȒȐ
ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȦȚ DzȓȈȘț ȖȕȈ șȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȞȊȍȚȣ șȗȓȍȚȈȧ Ȑȝ
ș ȘȖȔȈȠȒȈȔȐ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȑ Ƞȓȧȗȍ
ǶȕȈ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ȊȖȏȓȍ ȌȍȘȍȊȈ Ȑ șȗȓȍȚȈȧ ȊȍȕȖȒ ȌțȔȈȍȚ
Ȗ ȒȖȕȞȍ ȒȈȕȐȒțȓ Ȗ ȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȑ Ȗ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȔ ȘȍȒ-
ȘȍȈȞȐȖȕȕȖȔ ȌȊȖȘȍ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȖȒȚȧȉȘȤșȒȐȑ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȖșȚ-
Șȣȑ Ȑ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȑ ȘȊȍȚ ȒȘȍȗȒȐȍ ȓȐșȚȤȧ ȗȓȈȚȈȕȖȊ
ǶȕȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȈ ȗȘȐȔȐȘȐȚȤșȧ ș ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȍȔ
ǪșȍȋȖ țȎȈșȕȍȍ Țȍ ȌȕȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȔȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȍȏȎȈȍȚ ȕȈȊȍșȚȐȚȤ
ȍȍ ǺȈȒ ȋȖȘȤȒȖ ȘȈșșȚȈȊȈȕȤȍ ȟȚȖ DzȓȈȘȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȟȐȚȈȍȚ

19
ȓțȟȠȍ șȖȊșȍȔ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȥȚȐȝ ȗȖșȍȡȍȕȐȑ DzȘȈȚȒȐȍ
ȘȈȌȖșȚȐ ȖȚȘȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȖȎȐȌȈȕȐȍȔ ȗȘȖȡȈȕȐȧ DzȖȋȌȈ
ȏȊȖȕȐȚ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȟȐȒ Ȑ ȕȈȌȖ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȖȓțȟȈșȖȊȖȋȖ șȊȐ-
ȌȈȕȐȧ ȘȈșșȚȈȚȤșȧ DzȓȈȘȈ țȕȖșȐȚ Ȓ șȊȖȍȔț șȚȖȓȐȒț ș
șȍȘȌȞȍȔ ȗȖȓȕȣȔ ȚȖșȒȐ șȓȈșȚȐ ȗȘȐșȓȈȕȕȣȍ ȋȖșȗȖȎȖȑ
Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ ǶȕȈ Ȑȝ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȗȘȖȉȖȊȈȚȤ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȈ
șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȖȕȐ ȖșȚȈȊȓȧȦȚ Ȋ ȍȍ ȘȚț ȊȒțș șȓȍȏ țȕȣ-
ȓȣȑ ȏȈȗȈȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȖȕȈ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȘȖ șȍȉȧ «ȏȈȗȈȝȖȔ
ȘȈȏȓțȒȐ».
©ǫȓțȗȈȧ ȏȈȟȍȔ ȧ ȏȈȘȈȕȍȍ ȌțȔȈȦ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ»
ǰ ȖȕȈ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȍȚ țȗȈȊȠȍȋȖ ș ȊȍȚȒȐ ȎțȟȒȈ
ǷȖȘȈ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȍșȓȐ ȍȝȈȚȤ ȒȖȘȖ-
ȓȍȊșȒȐȔ ȠȖșșȍ ǶȕȈ ȊșȚȈȍȚ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ȕȈ ȖșȓȈ Ȑ șȕȖȊȈ ȍȌȍȚ
ȓȍșȖȔ ǩȍȋ ȖșȓȈ țȉȈȦȒȐȊȈȍȚ ȍȍ ȔȣșȓȐ ǶȕȈ ȌțȔȈȍȚ Ȗ
ȌȧȌȍ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȍ Ȑ Ȗȉ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȊȍșȚȍ Ƕ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ dzȈțȘȍ
ǺȖȒ-ȚȖȒ ȚȍȒ-ȚȍȒ ȚȍȒ-ȚȖȒ ȊȣșȚțȒȐȊȈȦȚ ȒȖȗȣȚȈ ȖșȓȐȒȈ...
Ƕ ȒȈȒ ȝȖȚȍȓȈ ȉȣ ȧ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȒȖȓȖȕȐȐ dzȈțȘȣ ǰ ȖȕȈ ȗȖ-
ȊȚȖȘȧȍȚ ȥȚȐ șȚȘȖȜȣ ȗȖȥȚȈ ǨȕȈȐșȈ ǹȍȋȍȓȧ ȕȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȕ-
ȕȣȍ Ȋ «ǨȓȤȔȈȕȈȝȍ Ȍȓȧ ȌȍȊȐȞ».
ǵȍȋȘ ȕȈȌ ȚȖȉȖȑ ȘȈșȒȐȕțȓ ȗȖȒȘȣȊȈȓȖ
ǶȚ ȔțȝȐ ȏȓȖȑ ȞȍȞȍ
ǰ Ȋ ȉȍȓȖȔ ȖȉȓȈȒȍ Țȣ ȏȈȌȘȍȔȈȓȈ
ǹ țȓȣȉȒȖȑ ȕȈ ȓȐȞȍ
ǩȖȓȤȠȐȍ ȕȍȋȘȣ ȟȚțȚ Țȍȉȧ ȗȖȒȖȘȕȖ
ǹȓȍȌȧȚ ȚȊȖȑ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȠȈȋ.
ǰ ȚȊȖȑ ȊȍȕȍȞ ȞȈȘȐȞ — ȔȈȌȘȈș țȏȖȘȕȣȑ
ǰ ȚȊȖȑ ȗȘȍșȚȖȓ — ȋȈȔȈȒª«
ǵȖ ȖȕȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȐ șȚȐȝȐ ȝțȎȍ Țȍȝ ȟȚȖ ȗȐȠȍȚ
ǸȖȎȍȘ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȖȌȐȕ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȑ ȍȑ ȦȕȖȠȈ.
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖȌȢȍȏȎȈȍȚ Ȓ ȖȋȘȈȌȍ ȗȈȘȒȈ ȗȖ ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ Ȉȓȓȍȍ ȐȌțȚ ȍȍ ȔȈȚȤ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ǴȈȚȤ DzȓȈ-
Șȣ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȈ ǶȕȈ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȈȒȊȈȘȍȓȤȦ Ȑȏ ȒȕȐȋȐ «ǮȐ-
Ȋȣȍ ȞȊȍȚȣ» ǵȈ ȕȍȑ ȠȓȧȗȈ Ȑȏ ȋȘțȉȖȑ șȖȓȖȔȣ ș ȉȖȓȤ-

20
ȠȐȔȐ ȓȍȕȚȈȔȐ ȔțșȓȐȕȖȊȣȑ ȗȍȕȤȦȈȘ ȉȍȓȣȑ ș ȘȖȏȖȊȣȔ
ȋȖȘȖȠȒȖȔ Ǫ ȘțȒȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȏȍȓȍȕȣȑ ȏȖȕȚȐȒ
— Ǫȣ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȔȖȍ ȌȐȚȧ" — șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȍȚ ȋȖș-
ȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
— ȇ ȉȣȓȈ Ȋ ȓȍșț ǵȖȈȘȤȍ Ȑ ȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ ȗȖ ȒȖȘȖȓȍȊ-
șȒȖȔț ȠȖșșȍ.
— ȅȚȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȒȘțȋ Ǩȝ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȕȍ ȔȖȋț ȧ șȖȗȘȖ-
ȊȖȎȌȈȚȤ ȊȈș ȇ ȍȡȍ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȓ șȚȘȈșȚȤ Ȓ țȚȘȍȕȕȐȔ ȗȘȖ-
ȋțȓȒȈȔ ȗȖ ȓȍșț ǵȖ ȊȖȚ ȕȍ ȔȖȋț ǵȈ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ Ȕȕȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȠȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȖȉȖȑȚȐșȤ ȖȌȕȐȔ șȚȘȍȔȍȕȍȔ Ȑ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȕȖȋȖȑ...
ǷȍȟȈȓȤȕȣȑ ȘȣȞȈȘȤ Ȍȓȧ ȊȈȠȍȑ ȏȈȡȐȚȣ ȌȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ«
DzȓȈȘȈ țȓȣȉȈȧșȤ țȝȖȌȐȚ ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖȒȈȏȣ-
ȊȈȍȚ șȊȖȍȔț șȗțȚȕȐȒț ȉȖȓȤȠȐȍ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȍ ȗȖȌșȖȓȕȍȟ-
ȕȐȒȐ ȚȖȘȟȈȡȐȍ ȕȈȌ ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȤȦ ȖȋȖȘȖȌȈ
— ǬȖȉȘȖȍ țȚȘȖ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ ǿȚȖ Ȋȣ ȟȐȚȈȍȚȍ ȉȈȉțȠ-
ȒȈ"— ȇ ȟȐȚȈȦ ȌȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚȕțȦ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ
ǰ ȟȚȖȉ ȖȉȢȧșȕȐȚȤ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ șȕȐȔȈȍȚ ȖȟȒȐ
— ȇ ȟȐȚȈȓȈ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕțȦ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ Ȗȉ ȖȌȕȖȔ
ȗțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȍȕȕȐȒȍ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖȔ Ƕȕ ȖȉȢȍȝȈȓ ȊȖȒ-
Șțȋ șȊȍȚȈ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȓȖȌȒȍ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ǰȕȌȐȐ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȔ
ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȋȌȍ ȖȉȍȏȤȧȕȣ ȊșȍșȐȓȤȕȣ ǶȕȐ ȌțȦȚ Ȋ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȓȦ-
ȌȧȔ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȚȘȖșȚȐȕȒț ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȏȓȖȊȘȍȌȕȣȑ ȗȖȘȖȠȖȒ…
— Ƕ ȒȈȒȈȧ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȈȧ ȐșȚȖȘȐȧ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ ǩȈ-
ȉțȠȒȈ ȕȐȎȕȐȑ ȧȡȐȒ ȊȈȠȍȋȖ ȒȖȔȖȌȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȚ. Ǫȣ ȏȈ-
ȉȣȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȏȈȒȘȣȚȤ?
— ǵȍȚ ȌȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ ǺȊȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȘȐȌȍȚ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȊȏȧȚȤ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȗȍȘȚȣ Ƕȕ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȖȚ-
ȌȈȚȤ Ȑȝ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕț Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
— DzȈȒȐȍ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ"
— DzȈȎȍȚșȧ ȗȐșȤȔȈ Ȑȏ ǫȊȈȌȍȓțȗȣ ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ ȥȚȖ
ȔȈȓȖ Țȍȉȧ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ ȔȖȍ ȌȐȚȧ Ǻȍȉȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȐȌȚȐ ȖȌȍȚȤșȧ
Ȓ ȏȈȊȚȘȈȒț
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ȋȖșȗȖȎȐ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ
Ȑ ȕȈȝȔțȘȐȊ ȉȘȖȊȐ ȊȏȉȐȘȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȍ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ

21
ǷȖȟȍȔț ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕț Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȕțȎȕȣ ȥȚȐ ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ȑȏ
ǫȊȈȌȍȓțȗȣ« ǩțȔȈȋȐ Ȑȏ ǫȊȈȌȍȓțȗȣ —ȥȚȖ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ
ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȅȚȐ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȖșȚȈȚȤșȧ ț ȕȈș ǷȖȟȍȔț
ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ țȕȍșȍȚ Ȑȝ" ȇ ȕȍ ȝȖȟț ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȗȕ țȕȍș
Ȑȝ Ƕȕ țȕȍșȍȚ Ȑ ȒȘȈșȐȊȣȑ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ dzȈțȘȣ"
ǩȖȓȤȠȈȧ șȒȖȘȉȤ ȋȓțȝȖȍ ȊȖȏȔțȡȍȕȐȍ ȗȖȚȘȧșȈȦȚ șȍȘȌ-
Ȟȍ DzȓȈȘȣ ǶȕȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȟȐȚȈȓȈ ȥȚȐȝ ȗȐșȍȔ ǶȕȈ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȐȌȍȓȈ Ȑȝ ȔȍȓȤȒȖȔ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȓȈ
ȕȐȎȕȐȑ ȧȡȐȒ. ǵȖ ȖȕȈ ȌȖȘȖȎȐȚ ȥȚȐȔȐ ȎȍȓȚȣȔȐ ȓȐș-
ȚȈȔȐ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȊȐșȐȚ Ȋ ȍȍ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȌȧȌȧ ǰȖȈȝȐȔ ȉȣȓ ȎȍȕȐȝȖȔ dzȈț-
Șȣ ǵȖ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȔȍȠȈȚȤ ȖȚȞț ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȤ ȥȚȐ ȗȐ-
șȤȔȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕț Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕț ǩȍȏțȔȕȖ ȌȈȎȍ ȌțȔȈȚȤ Ȗȉ
ȥȚȖȔ ǶȕȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȗȖșȔȍȍȚ
ǶȕȈ ȔȈȠȐȕȈȓȤȕȖ ȖȌȍȊȈȍȚșȧ ǴȣșȓȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȐșȤȔȈ Ȍȧ-
ȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȗȖȒȐȕțȚ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȕȈȊȍȒȐ ȘȖȌȕȖȑ ȌȖȔ
— ȗȖȚȘȧșȈȍȚ ȍȍ ǬȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȖȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ
șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȈ șȊȖȍȑ ȗȘȖȋțȓȒȖȑ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȍȍ ȘȈȌȖșȚȤ ȖȚȘȈȊ-
ȓȍȕȈ ǶȕȈ ȗȘȐȟȍșȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈȌȍȊȈȍȚ șȊȖȍ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȕȖȍ
ȗȓȈȚȤȍ Ȑ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȟȍȔ ȊȣȑȚȐ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȋȓȧȌȐȚ
ȕȈ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ȗȖșȣȓȈȧ ȍȔț ȗȖȞȍȓțȑ
ǬȊȍȘȤ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȖȚȞȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȈ ǶȕȈ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ Ȑ ȊȐȌȐȚ
ȖȚȞȈ ȏȈ ȗȐșȤȔȍȕȕȣȔ șȚȖȓȖȔ ȕȈȌ ȋȘțȌȖȑ ȗȐșȍȔ ǴȕȖ-
ȋȐȍ șȊȧȏȒȐ ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȈȕȣ ȠȕțȘȒȖȔ Ȑȕȣȍ ȌȈȎȍ ȏȈȗȍȟȈȚȈ-
ȕȣ ȕȖ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏȘȖȏȕȍȕȣ ǹȒȘȣȊȈȧ ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ,
DzȓȈȘȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ:
— ǬȖȉȘȖȍ țȚȘȖ ȗȈȗȖȟȒȈ DzȈȒ Țȣ șȗȈȓ"
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȔȖȧ ȌȍȚȒȈ Ǻȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȏȈșȚȈȍȠȤ ȏȈ ȘȈȏȉȖȘ-
ȒȖȑ ȉțȔȈȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȧ ȏȈȕȧȚ ș țȚȘȈ ǹȓȈȊȈ ǩȖȋț, ȚȍȗȍȘȤ
ȧ ȒȖȕȟȈȦ ȘȈȉȖȚț ǶșȚȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȚȤ șțȘȋț-
ȟȖȔ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȊȧȏȖȒ ǵȖ ȥȚȖ țȎ ȗȖșȓȍ ȏȈȊȚȘȈȒȈ ǪȖȚ
țȎ ȏȊȖȕȖȒ...
DzȓȈȘȈ șȗțșȒȈȍȚșȧ ȊȕȐȏ ǴȈȚȤ ȉȈȉțȠȒȈ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ
Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ țȎȍ Ȋ ȋȖșȚȐȕȖȑ ǷȘȐȝȖȌȐȚ ȊșȒȖȘȍ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ
Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț

22
— ǬȘțȋ ȔȖȑ ȧ ȕȈȌȍȓȈȓ ȊȈȔ ȝȓȖȗȖȚ ȏȈșȚȈȊȐȊ ȘȈȏ-
ȉȐȘȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȐ ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ǫȣ țȎ ȗȘȖșȚȐȚȍ Ȕȍȕȧ
— ǵȍȚ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ǪȈȠȍ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȍ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ
șȗȘȈȊȍȌȓȐȊȖ Ȑ ȧ șȈȔ țȗȘȍȒȈȦ șȍȉȧ ȟȚȖ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȕȍ
ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȤ ȊȈȔ ȥȚȐ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȉȍȌȕȖȋȖ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ
Ǫȣ ȗȍȘȍȟȚȍȚȍ Ȑȝ ș ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȍȔ Ǫȣ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ Ȕȕȍ Ȑȝ
ȚȈȒ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȕȈȒȈȕțȕȍ ȗțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȐȧ Ȑ ȧ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȊȈȔ
Ȑȝ ȖȚȌȈȚȤ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ…
ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȏȈȊȚȘȈȒȈ DzȓȈȘȈ ȔȖȓȟȐȚ șȒȘȣȊȈȧ șȊȖȐ ȟțȊ-
șȚȊȈ ǶȕȈ șȚȈȘȈȍȚșȧ ȒțȠȈȚȤ ȟȚȖȉ ȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȕȈ șȍȉȧ
ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ DzȖȋȌȈ ȕȈ ȕȍȍ ȕȍ ȋȓȧȌȧȚ ȖȕȈ ș ȚȈȘȍȓȒȐ ȒȐ-
ȌȈȍȚ Ȋșȍ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ — ǸȖȉȐȕȏȖȕț ǶȕȈ șȔțȚȕȖ șȓȣȠȐȚ Ȋșȍ
ȟȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ șȚȈȘȠȐȍ
DzȖȜȍ ȗȤȦȚ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȈșȍ DzȓȈȘȈ șȝȖȌȐȚ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț
ȋȌȍ șȐȌȐȚ ȗȈȊȓȐȕ ǶȕȈ ȌțȔȈȍȚ:
ȅȚȖ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ǹȖȝȘȈȕȐȚȤ Ȑȝ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ
ǷȈȗȈ ȖȚȌȈȍȚ Ȑȝ DzȖȋȌȈ țȍȏȎȈȍȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ?
ǭșȓȐ ȉ ȧ ȔȖȋȓȈ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ șȍȉȍ ȌȊȈ-ȚȘȐ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ
ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ" ǶȟȍȕȤ ȌțȘȕȖ ȊȏȧȚȤ Ȑȝ Ȑȏ ȕȍȏȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȕȕȖȑ
șȊȧȏȒȐ" ǬȈ, ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȅȚȖ țȎȈșȕȖȍ ȊȖȘȖȊșȚȊȖ ȕȖ ȧ
ȗȖȒȈȦșȤ ȕȈ ȐșȗȖȊȍȌȐ… ǬȈ ȕȖ ȘȈȏȊȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȋȘȍȠȐȚȤ,
ȏȕȈȧ ȏȈȘȈȕȍȍ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȗȖȒȈȍȠȤșȧ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ"
ǶȕȈ ȐȌȍȚ ȔȐȔȖ șȚȈȘȖȑ șȚȍȕȣ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȖȑ ȗȓȦȡȖȔ,
ȖȉȝȖȌȐȚ ȓțȎȈȑȒț Ȑ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖȚȘȧșȍȕȕȈȧ țȋȘȣ-
ȏȍȕȐȧȔȐ șȖȊȍșȚȐ Ȑ ȎȈȎȌȖȑ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȗȐșȤȔȈ
— DzȓȈȘȈ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȍȑ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ — ȗȖȑȌȐ
ȕȈȊȍȘȝ Ȑ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ ȕȈȒȐȌȒț Ǵȣ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȗȖȍȌȍȔ ȗȖȒȈ-
ȚȈȚȤșȧ ǵȈ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖȔ ȗțȚȐ Țȣ ȔȖȎȍȠȤ ȗȘȖșȚțȌȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ
ȥȚȖȔ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ
ǬȍȊțȠȒȈ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȍ Ȑ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ ȔȐȔȖ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ȖȚȞȈ ǬȊȍȘȤ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȈ Ȑ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț
ȕȈ șȚȖȓȍ ǶȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȉȓȍȚșȧ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȍȚ-
șȧ ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȋȓȈȏȈ Ȑ șȕȖȊȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ Ȑȝ ǶȕȈ ȖȌȕȈ Ȋ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ǩȣșȚȘȖ ȉȍȘȍȚ ȖȕȈ ȌȊȈ ȗȐșȤȔȈ Ȑȏ ȌȊțȝ ȗȈȒȍ-

23
ȚȖȊ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȊȣȝȊȈȟȍȕȕȣȍ Ȑ țȉȍȋȈȍȚ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ǶȕȈ
ȗȘȧȟȍȚ ȗȐșȤȔȈ Ȋ șȈȠȍ Ȍȓȧ ȗȓȈȚȒȖȊ, ȒȐȌȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ
ȗȍȘȍȌ ȘȈșȗȧȚȐȍȔ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȐȚ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȐȧ ț ǩȖȋȈ
ǷȘȖȋțȓȒȈ ȗȖ ȝȖȓȔȈȔ ȖȟȈȘȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȈ ȕȖ DzȓȈȘȈ ȕȍ
ȔȖȎȍȚ ȕȈșȓȈȎȌȈȚȤșȧ ȍȦ ǬȍȕȤ ȍȑ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȉȍșȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ
ȌȓȐȕȕȣȔ ǪȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȚȍȞ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ ȟȍȚ-
ȊȍȘȚȤ ȟȈșȈ Ȋ șȊȖȦ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȖȕȈ ȐșȗȣȚȣȊȈȍȚ țȎȈș Ȑ
șȚȘȈȠȕțȦ ȚȖșȒț
ǭȍ șȚȘȈȝ ȘȈșșȍȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍ-
ȉȍȏ ȗȖȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ș ȌȍșȧȚȒȖȔ ȏȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȕȕȣȝ ȗȈȒȍȚȖȊ ȋȖ-
ȊȖȘȧ
— ǪȖȚ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȊȈȠȐ ȗȐșȤȔȈ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ
ǶȉȍȌ Ȑ ȊȍȟȍȘ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȧȚ ȔȖȕȖȚȖȕȕȖ DzȈȒ ȊȟȍȘȈ șȚȖȐȚ
ȚȍȗȓȈȧ ȕȖȟȤ țȔȐȘȈȦȡȍȋȖ ȓȍȚȈ ǺȐȠȐȕȈ Ȋ ȋȖșȚȐȕȖȑ
ȕȈȘțȠȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șțȝȐȔ Ȑ ȓȍȋȒȐȔ șȚțȒȖȔ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕ-
ȕȣȝ ȜȐȋțȘȖȒ ȕȈ ȠȈȝȔȈȚȕȖȑ ȌȖșȒȍ
Ǫ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȌȍȚ Ȓ șȍȉȍ Ȑ ȊȣȕȐ-
ȔȈȍȚ Ȑȏ șȈȠȍ ȌȊȈ șȗȘȧȚȈȕȕȣȝ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ǶȕȐ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȣ
ȕȈ ȗȖȎȍȓȚȍȊȠȍȑ ȉțȔȈȋȍ șȖ șȓȍȌȈȔȐ ȗȣȓȐ Ȑ șȣȘȖșȚȐ
ǵȈ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȈȌȘȍș ȖȟȍȕȤ ȐȏțȒȘȈȠȍȕ ǷȖȟȍȘȒ ȖȌȐȕȈȒȖȊȣȑ
ǷȍȟȈȚȕȣȔȐ ȉțȒȊȈȔȐ ȒȘȈșȕȣȔȐ ȟȍȘȕȐȓȈȔȐ
ǫȊȈȌȍȓțȗȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ǫȈȊȘ
ǰ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ
ǵȈ șțȌȕȖ «La Rosina».
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕț Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ, Ȋ ǨȐșȐȘȐȞ ȟȍȘȍȏ ǩȈȓȈȕșȍȕ
ǪȖ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȦ ǵȐȎȕȐȍ ǷȐȘȍȕȍȐ
.
ǺȧȎȍȓȣȍ ȗȍȟȈȚȐ Ȑȏ șțȘȋțȟȈ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖȚȘȧ-
șȍȕȈ Ȋ țȠȈȝ ȋțȌȐȚ ǶȕȈ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȚȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȖșȓȈ-
ȕȐȧ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ șȊȍȘȧȍȚ ȌȈȚȣ Ȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȟȐȚȈȍȚ.

24
ǨȘȉȖȕȐȚȈ ȉȓȐȏ ǷțȈȕ-Ȉ-ǷȐȚȘ
 ȐȦȕȧ  ȋȖȌȈ
ǬȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǫȍȒȚȖȘ ȓȦȉȍȏȕȈȧ ȗȘȐșȣȓȒȈ ȊȈȔȐ ȗȓȈȕȈ ȌȖ-
ȔȐȒȈ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ țșȚȘȖȐȚȤșȧ dzȈțȘȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ȉȍș-
ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȚȘȖȕțȓȈ Ǫșȍ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ șȖȖȉȡȈȍȚȍ Ȕȍȕȧ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ
țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȧȍȚ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȌȖȔ ȕȍ șȣȘȖȑ —
ȥȚȖ ȊȍȌȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȊȈȎȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȒȘȍȖȓȒȐ, ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȒȐ-
ȌȈȊȠȍȑ ǨȕȚȐȓȤșȒȐȝ ȖșȚȘȖȊȖȊ ǶȗȐșȈȕȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ Ȋȣ
ȗȘȐȓȖȎȐȓȐ Ȓ ȗȓȈȕț ȊȖșȝȐȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ǻȍȌȐȕȍȕȐȍ ȕȍȌȈ-
ȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȐ ȋȌȍ ȗȘȖȚȍȒȓȈ ȔȖȧ ȔȖȓȖȌȖșȚȤ ȗȖȕȘȈ-
ȊȐȚșȧ ȍȍ ȌțȠȍ, ȋȓțȉȖȒȖ ȘȈȕȍȕȕȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȤȦ Ǵȕȍ ȒȈȎȍȚ-
șȧ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȗȖȔȕȦ ȥȚȖ ȔȍșȚȖ ǵȍ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȓȐ ȖȕȖ «ǯȈ-
ȒȖȓȖȟȍȕȕȣȔ ȌȖȔȖȔ»" ǵȍ ȕȈ ȝȖȓȔȍ ȓȐ ȖȕȖ ȉȓȐȏ ǵȖȈ-
ȘȤȍ" ǵȍȚ ȓȐ ȊȉȓȐȏȐ ȕȍȋȖ ȒȖȓȖȌȞȈ ȋȌȍ ȧ ȟȈșȚȖ șȈȌȐȓșȧ
ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȖȝȖȚ ȕȈ ȏȈȑȞȍȊ"
ǺȖ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȗȐȠȍȚȍ Ȗ șȈȌȍ Ȕȕȍ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȕȘȈȊȐȚșȧ dzȈț-
ȘȈ ȓȦȉȐȚ ȞȊȍȚȣ ǺȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȖȕȈ ȖȉȖȎȈȍȚ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȗȚȐȞ ȉțȌȤ-
Țȍ ȓȦȉȍȏȕȣ ȒțȗȐȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ț ȘȍȉȧȚȐȠȍȒ ǩȈȓȈȕșȍȕȈ
DzȖȕȍȟȕȖ Ȑȝ ȚȘțȌȕȖ șȘȈȊȕȐȚȤ ș ȕȈȠȐȔȐ ȚȘȖȗȐȟȍșȒȐȔȐ
ȗȚȐȞȈȔȐ ȕȖ ȟȐȎȐ șȕȍȋȐȘȐ Ȑ ȒȖȕȖȗȓȧȕȒȐ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȗȘȐ-
ȧȚȕȖ ȗȖȦȚ
ǴȖȧ ȗȖȌȘțȋȈ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȑ șȒȖȘȉȐ ȖȚ ȔȣșȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȗȖ-
ȒȐȌȈȍȚ ǷțȈȕ-Ȉ-ǷȐȚȘ ǭȍ ȚȖșȒȈ țȌȊȈȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȖȚ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȧ
ȟȚȖ ȍȍ ȘȖȌȕȣȍ ȉțȌțȚ Ȋ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖșȚȐ ȎȐȊȈ ȓȐ ȖȕȈ ȇ
ȖȉȍȡȈȓ ȍȑ ȟȚȖ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȊȈȠȐȝ ȓȖȕȌȖȕșȒȐȝ ȌȘțȏȍȑ ȌȖ-
șȚȈȊȐȚ ȓȐȟȕȖ ȕȈ șțȌȕȖ ȖȚȗȓȣȊȈȦȡȍȍ Ȓ ǨȕȚȐȓȤșȒȐȔ Ȗș-
ȚȘȖȊȈȔ ȍȍ ȗȐșȤȔȖ
ȇ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȓȦ dzȈțȘț ȚȈȑȕȖ Ȋ ǹȈȕ-ǷȤȍȘ ȕȈ ǴȈȘȚȐȕȐ-
ȒȈȝ, ȖȚȒțȌȈ ȖȕȈ  șȍȋȖ ȔȍșȧȞȈ țȍȌȍȚ ȕȈ «Aimable-Eli-
sa». ȇ ȗȘȖȠț ȊȈș ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȚȤ ȍȍ Ȋ ǷȈȑȧȒ-șȦȘ-ǮȐȘȖȕȌ
ȒțȌȈ șțȌȕȖ ȗȘȐȟȈȓȐȚ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș Ȍ-ȘȖȔ DzȈȔȗȈȕȤȖȓȈ ǷȖ-
ȕȧȚȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚȍ ȊȣȌȈȊȈȚȤ dzȈțȘț ȒȈȒ țȎȍ țșȓȖȊȓȍȕȖ ȏȈ
ȉȖȓȤȕțȦ ȟȚȖȉ ȐȏȉȍȎȈȚȤ ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚșȚȊȈ ȖȉȐȚȈȚȍȓȍȑ ǵȖȈ-
ȘȤȍ Ȑ ǩȈȓȈȕșȍȕȈ

25
Ǫȣ ȕȈȗȐȠȐȚȍ Ȕȕȍ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǫȍȒȚȖȘ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȧ ȊȈȔ
ȌȖȓȎȍȕ Ǫȣ ȗȖȓțȟȐȚȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖșȣȓȖȒ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȓȍȕ-
ȕȣȝ ș «Val-d’Or», Ȋșȍ ȖȕȐ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȚȈȔȖȎ-
ȕȍ ǩȖȘȌȖ ǹȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ ȗȓȈȚȤȧ dzȈțȘȣ ȍȍ ȉȍȓȤȍ ȚȖȟȕȣȑ
șȗȐșȖȒ ȗȘȐ șȍȔȤ ȗȘȐȓȈȋȈȦ
 Ȑ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȞȍȕȕȈȧ ȋȐȚȈȘȈ ȕȈ
ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȖȕȈ ȗȘȍȊȖșȝȖȌȕȖ ȐȋȘȈȍȚ
ǸȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȧ ȗȖșȣȓȈȦ ȊȈȔ ȗȍȘȍȓȍȑȚȍ Ȋ ȌȘțȋțȦ
ȉȖȟȒț Ǫȣ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȍȚȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȉțȚȣȓȖȒ ȕȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗș-
ȚȈȕȍȚșȧ ȉțȌȍȚ ȊȣșȖȒȖȋȖ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȈ
ȇ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȐȚȤ ȊȈș ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǫȍȒȚȖȘ
ȏȈ ȊȈȠȍ ȉȘȈȚșȒȖȍ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȍ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ
ǨȘȉȖȕȐȚȈ ȉȓȐȏ ǷțȈȕ-Ȉ-ǷȐȚȘ
 ȌȍȒȈȉȘȧ  ȋȖȌȈ
ȇ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȦ ȊȈș ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǫȍȒȚȖȘ ȏȈ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖȍ ȖȗȐ-
șȈȕȐȍ șȔȍȘȚȐ ȉȍȌȕȖȑ dzȈțȘȣ ȇ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȐșȚȐȕț ȒȈ-
ȒȖȑ ȉȣ ȎȍșȚȖȒȖȑ ȖȕȈ ȕȐ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ǴȖȧ ȘțȒȈ ȌȘȖȎȐȚ
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȗȐȠț ȊȈȔ ȥȚȐ șȚȘȖȒȐ ǪȖȚ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȕȖȟȍȑ ȒȈȒ ȧ
ȋȖȘȤȒȖ ȗȓȈȟț Ȑ ȔȖȓȦ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȐȧ ț ǪșȍȊȣȠȕȍȋȖ ȏȈ șȖ-
ȊȍȘȠȍȕȕțȦ ȕȍȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ șȊȍȓȈ Ȋ ȔȖȋȐȓț ȍȍ.
ǻȊȣ ǷȖȟȍȔț ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȧ ȋȓțȝ Ȓ ȗȘȖșȤȉȈȔ ȗȖȌȘțȋȐ Ȑ ȕȍ
ȗȖȍȝȈȓ ș ȕȍȑ ȊȖ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȦ" ǷȖȟȍȔț ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȌȖȊȍȘȧȓȈ Ȕȕȍ"
Ƕ ȕȍșȟȈșȚȕȣȑ ȧ Ǵȕȍ ȖșȚȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȘȣȌȈȕȐȧȝ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ
ȥȚț ȎȍșȚȖȒțȦ ȎȐȏȕȤ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȍȓȐȋȐȧ țȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȍȚ Ȕȍ-
ȕȧ ȖȚ șȈȔȖțȉȐȑșȚȊȈ
Ǫȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȓȐ Ȋ dzȈțȘȍ ȗȖș-
ȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȌȕȐ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȋȘțșȚȐ ǵȖ ȘȈȏȊȍ Ȕȣ ȕȍ
ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐțȟȍȕȣ Ȓ ȍȍ ȔȍȓȈȕȝȖȓȐȐ" ǯȌȍșȤ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȑ ȗȍ-
ȟȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȊȍȘȈȕȌȍ ȖȚȒțȌȈ ȧ ȗȐȠț ȊȈȔ șȍȑȟȈș ȏȌȍșȤ ȋȌȍ
ȖȕȈ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȓȈ ȌȖȓȋȐȍ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ, ȘȈȏȊȍ ȧ ȌȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȍȑ ȝȖȚȤ
ȔȐȕțȚț ȘȈȌȖșȚȐ" ǩȍȌȕȈȧ ȖȕȈ ȋȓȧȌȍȓȈ ȕȈ Ȕȍȕȧ șȚȘȈ-
ȌȈȓȤȟȍșȒȐȔȐ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȟțȊșȚȊȐȍ ȉȓȐȏȒȖȑ șȔȍȘȚȐ ǭȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍ

26
ȍȑ ȌȖșȚȈȊȓȧȓȐ ȔȈȓȤȟȐȒȐ ȗȘȐȕȖșȐȊȠȐȍ ȒȖȓȐȉȘȐ Ȑ ȞȊȍ-
Țȣ ǪȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȍ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ șȚȖȓȤ ȚȍȘȏȈȍȚ Ȕȍȕȧ ȟȚȖ ȧ
ȚȍȘȧȦ ȖșȚȈȚȖȒ șȐȓ
ǵȖ ȋȌȍ ȖȕȈ ȔȖȋȓȈ ȌȖșȚȈȚȤ ȥȚț șȒȓȧȕȒț ș ȓȈțȌȈȕȖȔ,
ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȋȣ ȕȈȠȓȐ ȕȈ ȍȍ ȕȖȟȕȖȔ șȚȖȓȐȒȍ" ǸȈȏȊȍ Ȋȣ-
ȌȈȦȚ șȚȖȓȤ ȧȌȖȊȐȚȣȍ ȓȍȒȈȘșȚȊȈ ȉȍȏ ȘȍȞȍȗȚȈ" ǵȖ Ȗ ȟȍȔ
ȧ ȋȖȊȖȘȦ" ǭșȓȐ ȖȕȈ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȕȐȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȗȘȍȌȖȚ-
ȊȘȈȚȐȚȤ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ ǺȈȒ ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ șȓțȟȐȚȤșȧ.
ǷțșȚȤ ȥȚȈ ȋȖȘȤȒȈȧ ȚȈȑȕȈ ȖșȚȈȕȍȚșȧ ȔȍȎ ȕȈȔȐ ǵȍ
ȕȈȌȖ ȟȚȖȉ ȟȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȒȖșȕțȚȤșȧ ȍȍ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ȗȈȔȧ-
ȚȐ Ǭ-Ș DzȈȔȗȈȕȤȖȓȈ Ȑ Ȋȣ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ ȒȚȖ ȏȕȈȦȚ
ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ ȥȚȈ ȚȧȎȒȈȧ ȌȘȈȔȈ ȇ ȏȕȈȦ ȍȋȖ șȍȘȌȞȍ
ȌȘțȋȈ Ƕȕ șțȔȍȍȚ ȔȖȓȟȈȚȤ ȐȉȖ ȍșȓȐ ȍșȚȤ ȖȉȧȏȈȕȕȖșȚȐ
ȗȍȘȍȌ ȓȦȌȤȔȐ ȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȍ ȗȍȘȍȌ ǩȖȋȖȔ DzȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȑ ȧ ȊȍȘȦ ȉțȌȍȚ ȗȖȓȖȕ șȖșȚȘȈȌȈȕȐȧ Ȓ ȕȍȑ ǭșȓȐ
ȕȈȒȈȏȈȕȐȍ ȏȈ ȍȍ ȕȍȝȘȐșȚȐȈȕșȒțȦ ȒȖȕȟȐȕț ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȗȈșȚȤ
ȕȈ ȒȖȋȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȚȖ Ȑ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȑ ȕȈ ȚȖȔ șȊȍȚȍ ȊȐȕȖȊȕȣȑ
ȖȌȐȕ — ȥȚȖ ȧ
ǩȍȌȕȖȍ ȌȐȚȧ șȖȔȕȍȊȈȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȔȖȍȑ ȓȦȉȊȐ ǶȕȈ ȌțȔȈ-
ȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȋȘțșȚȕȣȑ ȗȓȖȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȖȕȈ ȕȖșȐȓȈ Ȋ șȍȉȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȟȐȕȧȓ Ȕȕȍ ȚȘȍȊȖȋț Ȑ șȒțȒț ȟȚȖ ȧ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓ ȍȍ ȊȖ ǼȘȈȕ-
ȞȐȦ ȕȍ ȏȈȚȍȔ, ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȘȍȌȖȚȊȘȈȚȐȚȤ șȒȈȕȌȈȓ ȍȍ ȉȍȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȕȖșȚȐ Ȉ ȗȘȖșȚȖ ș ȖȌȕȐȔ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȍȔ ȐȏȉȈȊȐȚȤșȧ ȖȚ
ȕȍȍ ǷȖȟȍȔț ȧ ȚȈȐȓ ȖȚ ȕȍȍ ȖȚȞȖȊșȒȐȍ ȟțȊșȚȊȈ ȕȈȗȖȓ-
ȕȧȊȠȐȍ Ȕȍȕȧ ȘȈȌȖșȚȤȦ" ǷȖȟȍȔț ȗȘȐȘȖȌȈ ȖȌȍȓȐȓȈ Ȕȍ-
ȕȧ șȒȘȣȚȕȣȔ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȖȔ ȗȘȧȟțȡȐȔ ȗȖȌ ȌțȘȕȖȑ ȋȖȘ-
ȌȖșȚȤȦ ȕȍȎȕȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȓȦȉȖȊȤ" ǷȖȟȍȔț ȧ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȖȉȢȧșȕȐȚȤ
ȒȈȒ șȓȍȌțȍȚ dzȈțȘȍ ȟȚȖ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȈȧ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȈ ȍȍ ȖȚȢȍ-
ȏȌȈ — șȚȘȈȝ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȕȖșȚȧȔȐ Ȍȓȧ ȍȍ șȍȔȤȐ ȏȈ-
ȕȐȔȈȦȡȍȑ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȊȐȌȕȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȗȖ-
ȌȖȏȘȍȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ țȍȝȈȓȈ ȊȖ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȦ ǭȍ ȉȘȈȚ
ǨȕȚȖȕȐȖ dzȖȗȍ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȐșȒȈȚȤ dzȈțȘț ȕȖ ȚȡȍȚȕȖ ǺȈȑ-
ȕȖȍ ȟțȊșȚȊȖ ȗȖȌșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȖ ȍȔț ȟȚȖ ȧ ȊȐȕȖȊȕȐȒ Ȑșȟȍȏ-
ȕȖȊȍȕȐȧ șȍșȚȘȣ ǯȈ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȒȖȔ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊ Ȗȕ ȕȍ
ȔȖȋ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ ǺȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȎȈȎȌȈȚȤ șșȖ-

27
Șȣ Ȑ Ȋȣ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ȗȍȟȈȓȤȕȣȑ ȐșȝȖȌ ȌțȥȓȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ șȚȘȍ-
ȓȧȧ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝ ȕȍ ȎȍȓȈȧ ȌȈȎȍ ȘȈȕȐȚȤ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒȈ ȧ
ȖȉȍȏȖȉȘȈȏȐȓ ȍȔț ȓȐȞȖ Ȑ ȖșȓȍȗȐȓ ȍȋȖ
dzȈțȘȈ — șȖȔȕȍȊȈȓȈșȤ ȓȐ ȖȕȈ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȊȍȘȕțșȤ
ȊȖ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȦ Ȑ ȖȉȊȍȕȟȈȦșȤ ș ȕȍȑ ȒȈȒ ȖȉȍȡȈȓ" ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ.
ǵȖ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȕȈȗȖȓȕȧȍȚ ȔȖȦ ȌțȠț ȚȖșȒȖȑ țȎȈ-
șȖȔ Ȑ ȘȈșȒȈȧȕȐȍȔ. ȇ ȝȖȟț ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ȌȘțȋ ȍșȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ
șȌȍȓȈȕȖ țȎ ȟȚȖȉ dzȈțȘȈ ȗȖȒȖȐȓȈșȤ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȋȌȍ
ȉțȌț ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȍȕ Ȑ ȧ ǷțșȚȤ ȥȚȈ ȊȍȟȕȈȧ ȕȍȊȍșȚȈ șȗȐȚ
ȉȓȐȏ ȔȖȋȐȓȣ Ȋșȍȝ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȔȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȖȕȈ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ
ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ. ǭșȓȐ ȉ ȉȘȈȚ ǺȘȐșȚȈȕ ȉȣȓ ȎȐȊ ȧ ȗȘȖșȐȓ
ȉȣ ȊȈș ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȍȔț Ȗ ȊșȍȔ ǺȈȒȎȍ ȗȘȖȠț ȊȈș ȕȈ șȓț-
ȟȈȑ ȍșȓȐ ȧ țȔȘț ȏȌȍșȤ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȗȓȍȔȧȕȕȐȒț ȔȖȍ-
Ȕț ǨȕȘȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȌȖșȚȐȋȕȍȚ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖȓȍȚȐȧ.
ǵȣȕȍ ȗȖȒȖȑȚȍșȤ Ȋ ȔȐȘȍ ȖșȚȈȕȒȐ ȔȖȍȑ ȊȖȏȓȦȉȓȍȕ-
ȕȖȑ dzȈțȘȣ ǬȈ ȉțȌȍȚ ș ȊȈȔȐ ȔȐȓȖșȍȘȌȐȍ ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ Ǻȣ
ȕȍȏȈȉȊȍȕȕȈȧ ȚȍȕȤ ǮȍȘȚȊȈ ȔȖȍȋȖ țȕȣȓȖȋȖ Ȑ șȚȘȈșȚȕȖ-
ȋȖ șȍȘȌȞȈ ȇ ȖșȚȈȦșȤ ȖȌȐȕ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ ȐȉȖ Țȣ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȊȐ-
ȓȈ Ȕȕȍ ȌȈȎȍ ȋȘțșȚȕȖȋȖ ȗȓȖȌȈ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȖȉȢȧȚȐȑ
ȇ ȗȓȈȟț ȔȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǫȍȒȚȖȘ ȖȉȕȐȔȈȧ ȊȈș
ǰȖȈȝȐȔ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ǷȘȖȟȚȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȗȐșȤȔȖ DzȓȈȘȈ ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ-
ȓȐȉȖ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ. ǽȖȓȖȌȕȣȑ ȗȖȚ ȗȖȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȍȍ ǶȕȈ ȝȖȟȍȚ
ȊșȚȈȚȤ ȕȖ ȉȍȏ șȐȓ ȗȈȌȈȍȚ Ȋ ȒȘȍșȓȖ ǴȈȓȖ-ȗȖȔȈȓț ȖȕȈ
ȗȘȖșȣȗȈȍȚșȧ ǿțȊșȚȊȖ ȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȈ ȘȖȎȌȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȕȍȑ ǶȕȈ
ȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȍȚșȧ șȖȉȐȘȈȍȚșȧ ș ȔȣșȓȧȔȐ ǩȍȘȍȚ ș ȚțȈȓȍȚ-
ȕȖȋȖ șȚȖȓȐȒȈ ȒțșȖȟȍȒ șȈȝȈȘȈ ȔȈȒȈȍȚ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȕȈșȚȖȑȒț
ȔȍȓȐșșȣ Ȑ ȗȘȖȋȓȈȚȣȊȈȍȚ« ǶȕȈ țȎ ȘȈȏ ȐșȗȣȚȈȓȈ ȖȉȔȖ-
ȘȖȒ« ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȣȓȈ șȖȊșȍȔ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ… ǹȖȉȐȘȈȍȚ ȗȐșȤȔȈ
ȗȘȧȟȍȚ Ȑȝ Ȋ șȈȠȍ ȓȖȎȐȚșȧ Ȑ ȏȈșȣȗȈȍȚ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȔ șȕȖȔ
ȌȖ țȚȘȈ.

29
III
ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȊȖșȒȘȍșȍȕȤȍ. ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ ȟȚȖȉ ȘȈș-
ȒȘȣȚȤ șȚȈȊȕȐ
— ǷȖȘȈ ȊșȚȈȊȈȚȤ ȉȈȘȣȠȕȧ ǻȎ ȏȊȖȕȐȓȐ Ȓ ȘȈȕȕȍȑ
ȖȉȍȌȕȍ dzțȟȠȍ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȊȣȑȚȐ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐ-
ȕȈ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
DzȓȈȘȈ ȖȌȍȊȈȍȚșȧ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ ȏȈȉȣȚȤ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȍ ȗȘȖȐș-
ȠȍșȚȊȐȍ ȊȟȍȘȈȠȕȍȋȖ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ
ȇ ȉțȌț ȋȖȘȧȟȖ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ ǩȖȋț ȧ ȊȣȗȘȖȠț ȗȘȖȡȍ-
ȕȐȍ Ǫ ȥȚȐȝ ȗȐșȤȔȈȝ ȉȣȓȐ țȎȈșȕȣȍ ȊȍȡȐ ȇ ȕȍ Ȋșȍ
ȗȖȕȧȓȈ ȅȚȈ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȍȋȖ ȎȍȕȖȑ Ȑ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ
ȉȣȓȈ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȈ Ȑ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ Ƕ ǩȖȎȍ ȔȖȑ ǩȖȎȍ
ȔȖȑ șȎȈȓȤșȧ ȗȖȔȐȓțȑ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ șȝȖȌȐȚ ȊȕȐȏ ǶȕȈ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȊȣșȗȈ-
ȓȈșȤ ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȍȚ ȌȈȎȍ ȚȍȕȐ ȚȘȍȊȖȋȐ
ȕȈ ȓȐȞȍ ȌȖȟȍȘȐ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȗȘȐȕȖșȐȚ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȍȕȕȐȒȐ
Ǫșȍ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȚșȧ Ȓ ȞȍȘȒȊȐ
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȐȌȍȚ ȚȐȝȖ ǵȈ ȒȈȎȌȖȔ ȠȈȋț ȍȋȖ
ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȈȧ ȕȖȋȈ ȖȗȐșȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȖȓțȒȘțȋ Ƕȕ ȗȖȌșȔȍȐȊȈȍȚ-
șȧ șȈȔ ȕȈȌ șȊȖȍȑ ȔȍȌȓȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤȦ
— ǺȐȠȍ ȍȌȍȠȤ — ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȒȈȒ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȗȖș-
ȓȖȊȐȞȈ… Ǩȝ ȔȖȧ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȈȧ DzȓȈȘȈ
Ǫșȍ Ȏȍ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȖȟȈȘȖȊȈȚȍȓȍȕ ǵȈ ȕȍȔ șȍ-
Șȣȑ ȞȐȓȐȕȌȘ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ șȗȈȌȈȍȚ ȕȈ țȝȖ ȋțșȚȈȧ
ȗȘȧȌȤ ȖșȓȍȗȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ-ȉȍȓȣȝ ȊȖȓȖș Ǫ ȚȘȐȎȌȣ șȓȖȎȍȕȕȖȔ
ȟȍȘȕȖȔ ȋȈȓșȚțȒȍ Ƞȍȧ ȝȘȈȕȐȚ șȊȖȑ ȋȖȘȌȣȑ ȖȉȓȐȒ ǺȍȔ-
ȕȖ-ȒȖȘȐȟȕȍȊȣȑ șȦȘȚțȒ ș ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȏȈșȚȣȊȠȐȔȐ
șȒȓȈȌȒȈȔȐ Ȑ ȕȈ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȖȋȍ ȉȈȠȔȈȒ ȗȘȐȒȘȣ-
Țȣȑ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȑ ȋȍȚȘȖȑ
ǵȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȍ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ șȐȕȐȑ ȜȘȈȒ ȖȟȍȕȤ țȏȒȐȑ Ȋ
ȚȈȓȐȐ Ƕȕ ȐȌȍȚ ȗȖȌ ȘțȒț ș ȋȖșȗȖȎȖȑ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ ȖȌȍȚȖȑ Ȋ

30
șȍȘȖȍ ȠȍȓȒȖȊȖȍ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ǵȈ ȊȖȓȖșȈȝ ȍȍ ȟȍȗȍȞ Ȑȏ ȟȍȘ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȒȘțȎȍȊȈ.
ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ Ȋ șȖȓȖȔȍȕȕȖȑ Ƞȓȧȗȍ ș ȊȖȌȧȕȣȔȐ
ȓȐȓȐȧȔȐ ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȈȕȕȖȑ ȘȖȏȖȊȖȑ ȓȍȕȚȖȑ ǵȈ ȗȓȍȟȈȝ
ȒȘțȎȍȊȕȈȧ ȒȖșȣȕȒȈ
ǬȍȕȤ ȧșȍȕ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȣȌțȡȐȍ dzȍșȤ ȗȘȈȏȌȕȐȟȕȣȑ
ǴȈȓȍȕȤȒȈȧ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ ȏȈȓȐȚȈ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȔ șȊȍȚȖȔ ǹȊȧȡȍȕ-
ȕȐȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȏȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȈȓȚȈȘȦ ǵȈ ȍȋȖ ȘȐȏȍ ȊȣȠȐ-
Țȣ ȗȈȓȤȔȖȊȣȍ ȊȍȚȊȐ Ȑ ȏȖȓȖȚȣȍ ȘȖȏȣ
ǬȈȔȣ șȚȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȔȖȓȧȚșȧ Ȋ țȋȓț șȓȖȎȐȊ ȘțȒȐ ȒȘȍșȚȖȔ
DzȓȈȘȈ șȒȓȖȕȐȊȠȐșȤ, ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȍȚ ȔȖȓȐȚȊț șȊ ǼȖȔȣ
ǨȒȊȐȕșȒȖȋȖ
«Ƕ Ǻȣ ȊȖȏȓȦȉȐȊȠȐȑ Ȕȍȕȧ Ȗ ǰȐșțșȍ Ȗ ȊȖȐșȚȐȕț
șȒȘȣȚȣȑ, ǩȖȎȍ ȧ Ȓ Ǻȍȉȍ ȊȏȣȊȈȦ
ǹȌȍȓȈȑ ȋȖȘȤȒȖȑ ȊșȧȒțȦ ȘȈȌȖșȚȤ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȕȍ ș ǺȖȉȖȑ,
șȌȍȓȈȑ ȕȍȗȖșȐȓȤȕȣȔ ȊșȧȒȐȑ ȚȘțȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȉȍȏ Ǻȍȉȧ
șȌȍȓȈȑ șȚȘȈȠȕȣȔ ȊșȧȒȐȑ ȖȚȌȣȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕȍ Ȋ Ǻȍȉȍ
Ƕ ǹȓȈȌȟȈȑȠȐȑ Ȗ ǰȐșțșȍ ȌȈȑ Ȕȕȍ șȍȘȌȞȍ ȗȍȘȍȗȖȓ-
ȕȍȕȕȖȍ ǺȖȉȖȑ ȟȚȖȉ ȕȐ ȖȌȐȕ șȊȍȚ ȟȚȖȉ ȕȐ ȖȌȐȕ ȏȊțȒ ȕȍ
ȔȖȋȓȐ ȘȈȏȊȓȍȟȤ Ȕȍȕȧ ǬȈȑ Ȕȕȍ șȍȘȌȞȍ ȊȍȘȕȖȍ Ȑ ȋȖȘ-
ȌȖȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȕȍ ȒȖȓȍȉȓȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȕȍ ȗȈȌȈȍȚ ǵȍțȒȘȖȚȐȔȖȍ
ȋȖȚȖȊȖȍ ȉȖȘȖȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȚȤȔȍ Ȑ Ȋ ȉțȘȍ! ǹȊȖȉȖȌȕȖȍ ȕȍ ȘȈȉȈ
ȕȍ ȖȉȖȓȤȡȍȕȕȖȋȖ ǷȘȧȔȖȍ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦȡȍȍ ȐȏȊȐȓȐșȚȣȝ ȗț-
ȚȍȑǷțșȚȤ ȗȖȒȈȧȕȐȍ ȗȘȐȖȉȡȐȚ Ȕȍȕȧ Ȓ ȚȍȘȕȐȧȔ ǺȊȖȍȋȖ
ȊȍȕȞȈ ǷțșȚȤ ǺȊȖȧ ȉȓȈȋȖșȚȤ ȗȘȖȓȤȍȚșȧ ȕȈ ȗțȚȤ ȔȖȑ Ȑȏ-
ȋȕȈȕȐȧ ǷțșȚȤ ǺȊȖȧ șȓȈȊȈ ȖȗȤȧȕȐȚ Ȕȍȕȧ Ȋ ȐȕȖȑ ȖȚȟȐȏ-
ȕȍ ǨȔȐȕȤ».
ǶȕȈ ȘȈșȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȟȈșȖșȓȖȊ ȕȖ ȕȍ Ȋ șȐȓȈȝ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖ șȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȏȈ ȟȚȍȕȐȍȔ ǶȕȈ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȚ Ȗ ȗȐșȤȔȈȝ
ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȊȠȐȝ ȍȍ Ȗ ȌȧȌȍ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȍ Ȗȉ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȊȍșȚȍ dzȈț-
Șȍ… dzȈțȘȈ dzȖȗȍ« ǬȈ ȥȚȖ Ȏȍ ȐȔȧ ȊȣȘȍȏȈȕȖ ȕȈ ȔȖȋȐȓȤ-
ȕȖȔ ȒȈȔȕȍ ȏȌȍșȤ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș ȕȍȑ ȅȚȖ ȖȕȈ ǰ șȘȈȏț Ȑȏ
șȔțȚȕȣȝ ȖȡțȡȍȕȐȑ ȚȍȘȏȈȦȡȐȝ ȍȍ șȖ ȊȟȍȘȈȠȕȍȋȖ Ȋȍȟȍ-

31
ȘȈ, ȊȣȘȈșȚȈȍȚ șȚȘȈșȚȕȈȧ ȎȈȓȖșȚȤ Ȓ ȉȍȌȕȖȑ țșȖȗȠȍȑ
DzȓȈȘȈ ȉȖȘȔȖȟȍȚ dzȈțȘȈ ȉȍȌȕȈȧ dzȈțȘȈ șȒȖȘȉȧȡȈȧ
șȚȘȈșȚȖȚȍȘȗȐȞȈ ǰ Ȋ ȐșșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȐ ȋȘțșȚȕȖȑ ȕȍȏȕȈȒȖȔ-
Ȓȍ ȌȈȍȚ ȐȔȍȕȈ ǴȈȚȍȘȐ Ȋșȍȝ șȒȖȘȉȧȡȐȝ
ǹȊȧȡȍȕȕȐȒ ȊșȝȖȌȐȚ ȕȈ ȒȈȜȍȌȘț Ȑ ȗȖȒȈ Ȗȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ
ȗȘȖȗȖȊȍȌȤ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȕȖȔ ȕȈȘȍȟȐȐ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȘȈȏȋȓȧ-
ȌȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ǶȕȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȖ ȖȚ ȒȈ-
ȜȍȌȘȣ ȉȘȈȚȈ ȍȍ ȗȖȌȘțȋȐ ȗȖ ȗȈȕșȐȖȕț — ǸȖȎȍȘȈ ǼȖȠȍ-
ȘȍȏǹȍȔȤȧ ȍȍ ȖȌȕȖȒȓȈșșȕȐȞȣ dzȐȐ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȎȐȊȍȚ Ȋ ȗȖ-
ȓțȚȖȘȈ ȓȤȍ ȖȚ ǩȈȓȈȕșȍȕȈ Ȋ ȔȍșȚȍ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔȖȔ «ǯȈȔȖȒ
ȐȊ». ȅȚȖ șȚȈȘȈȧ țșȈȌȤȉȈ ș ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ ȌȊȖȘȖȔ ȗȖ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȖȔț Ȟȍȓȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȘȖȋțȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ șȖȚȕȧ ȗȈȊȓȐȕȖȊ Dz ȕȍȑ
ȊȍȌȍȚ ȌȓȐȕȕȖȍ ȠȖșșȍ ȖȉșȈȎȍȕȕȖȍ ȐȊȈȔȐ Ȑ ȌțȉȖȔ ǫȖș-
ȗȖȌȐȕ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȔȈȓȖ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȦȚ ǻ ȋȖșȗȖȎȐ
ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȑ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘ ȐȕȖȋȌȈ șȔț-
ȡȈȦȡȐȑ ȌȈȎȍ ȍȍ ȔțȎȈ Ƕȕ Ȏȍ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȐȓȣȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ,
ȐȏțȟȈȊȠȐȑ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ Ȋ ǴȖȕȗȍȓȤȍ ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕșȒȐȍ ȕȈțȒȐ.
Ƕȕ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧ șȊȖȐȝ țșȓțȋ Ȋ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕȖȍ ȏȈ-
ȕȧȚȐȍ, ȗȖȔȖȋȈȚȤ șȊȖȐȔ ȉȍȌȕȣȔ șȖșȍȌȧȔ ȊȘȈȟȍȉȕȣȔȐ
șȖȊȍȚȈȔȐ Ȑ Ȋ ȥȒșȚȘȍȕȕȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȖȓȍȏȕȣȔ ȌȘț-
ȏȤȧȔ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȓ ȋȖș-
ȗȖȌȐȕȈ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏȈ Ȑ ȟțȊșȚȊțȍȚ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȉȖȓȤȠțȦ șȒȓȖȕ-
ȕȖșȚȤ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȧȍȔțȦ ǿȈșȚȖ țȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȡȐȑ ȗȘȐ
ȗȖȍȏȌȒȈȝ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌ ȉȍȘȍȚ ș șȖȉȖȑ dzȐȦ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ ȍȍ ȕȈ
ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊ ț Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǰȕȖȋȌȈ ȕȖ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȘȍȌ-
ȒȖ dzȐȧ ȗȘȐȍȏȎȈȍȚ șȖ șȊȖȐȔ ȉȘȈȚȖȔ ǸȖȎȍȘȖȔ
ǴȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȚ ȌȖȔȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȓȍȚȕȐȍ Ȕȍ-
șȧȞȣ Ƕȕ ȐȏțȟȈȍȚ ȗȘȈȊȖ Ȋ ǷȈȘȐȎȍ Ƕȕ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȐȓ Ȑ
ȓȦȉȐȚ ȗȖȥȏȐȦ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȊ ȍȋȖ ȒȘȈșȕȍȍȚ Ƕȕ Ȋ ȖȝȖȚȕȐ-
ȟȤȍȔ ȒȖșȚȦȔȍ ǺȖȕȒȐȑ ȗȘȖȜȐȓȤ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȖȟȍȕȤ
ȎȐȊȣȍ ȕȖ ȔȧȋȒȐȍ
Ƕȕ ȝțȌȖȑ Ȑ ȊȣșȖȒȐȑ

32
«Ƕȕ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȖȝȖȚȣ ȗȖȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȖȉȍȌȕȦ Ȋ ǩȈȓȈȕșȍȕ»,
ȌțȔȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ǷȘȐ ȊȣȝȖȌȍ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȦȚșȧ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȒȓȈȕȧȍȚșȧ ǫȖșȗȖ-
ȌȐȕȤ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȖȚȧȋȐȊȈȍȚ ȍȔț ȘțȒț
— DzȈȒ ȗȖȎȐȊȈȍȚȍ ǸȖȎȍȘ? DzȈȒȐȔȐ șțȌȤȉȈȔȐ ȗȖȗȈ-
ȓȐ Ȓ ȕȈȔ" Ǵȣ ȋȕȈȓȐșȤ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ ȕȖ ȏȘȧ ȇ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓ ȗșȈ
ȊȖȏȓȍ DzȈșȚȍȚȐșȈ ǶȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȓȖȊȟȐȝ ȍȋȖ ȐȡȍȚ ȌȘțȋȖȑ șȚȍ-
ȘȍȎȍȚ ț ȗȖșȚȖȧȓȖȋȖ ȌȊȖȘȈ ȊșȦ șȊȖȘț.
ǷȖȌȝȖȌȧȚ ȌȈȔȣ
— ǯȌȘȈȊșȚȊțȑȚȍ ǸȖȎȍȘ DzȈȒ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȤȍ ȊȈȠȐȝ ȌȖȘȖ-
ȋȐȝ ȘȖȌȐȚȍȓȍȑ" ǴȖȧ ȌȖȟȤ ȎȈȓțȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȕȍ ȊȐȌ-
ȕȖ dzȐȐ
— ǴȈȚȤ ȕȍȊȈȎȕȖ șȍȉȧ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȥȚȐ ȌȕȐ ǷȖȥȚȖ-
Ȕț ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓȈ ȖȚȗțșȒȈȚȤ ȖȚ șȍȉȧ dzȐȦ ǵȖ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȍȑ
ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȓțȟȠȍ Ȑ ȧ ȕȈȌȍȦșȤ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ Ȍȕȧȝ șȍșȚȘȈ
ȗȘȐȍȌȍȚ Ȓ ȊȈȔ
— ǵȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȉȣ ȊȈȔ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȚȤșȧ ț ȕȈș" —
șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȍȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
— ȇ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȓșȧ ǵȖ ȍșȓȐ
— ǵȍȚ ǵȍȚ Ǫȣ ȖșȚȈȍȚȍșȤ Ǭȓȧ ȊȈȠȐȝ șȖȉȈȒ ȕȈȑ-
ȌȍȚșȧ ȔȍșȚȖ Ȋ ȒȖȕȦȠȕȍ Ǫȣ ȗȍȘȍȕȖȟțȍȚȍ ț ȕȈș Ȉ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ
Ȕȣ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȗȖȖȝȖȚȐȔșȧ Ǫ ȊȈȠȍȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ Ȋȣ ȕȈȑȌȍȚȍ
ȚȖȔȐȒ dzȈȔȈȘȚȐȕȈ ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ț ȊȈș ȕȍȚ ȗȘȐȟȐȕ ȖȚȒȈȏȣ-
ȊȈȚȤșȧ ȇ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȖȠȓȦ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȚȤ ȊȈȠȐȝ
ȘȖȌȐȚȍȓȍȑ Ȑ ȗȘȐȊȍșȚȐ șȖȉȈȒ Ȓ ȕȈȔ
ǸȖȎȍȘ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȐȚ ǴȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȍ ȖȉȡȍșȚ-
ȊȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȌȖȔț ȊȌȖȓȤ ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȐ
ǯȈȊȚȘȈȒ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȊȍșȍȓȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȖș-
ȝȐȡȍȕȕȈȧ șȓțȠȈȍȚ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ Ƕȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȔȍȌ-
ȓȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȋȓțȝȐȔ ȋȖȓȖșȖȔ Ǫșȍ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȘȈșșȒȈ-
ȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȚȈȒ ȖȘȐȋȐȕȈȓȤȕȖ ǰ ȗȖȚȖȔ Ȗȕ șȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȕȈȍȚ
ǷȈȘȐȎ Ƕȕ ȟȈșȚȖ ȉȣȊȈȍȚ ț dzȈȔȈȘȚȐȕȈ ȍȋȖ Ȧȕȣȑ ȚȈ-
ȓȈȕȚ ȖȞȍȕȐȓȐ ȚȈȔ ǪȘȍȔȧ ȖȚ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ǸȖȎȍȘ țȓȣ-
ȉȈȧșȤ ȋȓȧȌȐȚ ȕȈ DzȓȈȘț ȚȖ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȈ ȚȖ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ
ȌȍȊțȠȒț DzȓȈȘȈ ȏȈȉȣȓȈ șȊȖȦ ȚȖșȒț ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈ-

33
ȝȐȔȈ Ȋșȍ «ȅȚȖ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȧ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȔȖȓȐȓȈșȤ» Ȍț-
ȔȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ
Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ,— ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȍșȧȞȍȊ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ Ȋ ȗȈȘȐȎșȒȖȔ
ȈȓȤȔȈȕȈȝȍ ȗȘȐȊȖȌȐȓȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȝ șȚȘȖȜ
ȗȘȖȟȐȚȈȕȕȣȝ ȊȈȔȐ ȕȈ șȊȈȌȤȉȍ ȇ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȎȈȓȍȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ
ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȕȖ Ȋșȍ șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȍ
— ǭșȓȐ ȊȈȔ ȉțȌȍȚ țȋȖȌȕȖ ȍȋȖ ȊȣșȓțȠȈȚȤ ȚȖ ȧ ȓȍȋ-
ȒȖ
— ǵȖ ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȍșȚȤ ȥȚȖ șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȍ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ,
ȒȘȈșȕȍȧ DzȓȈȘȈ
— DzȈȒ ǻ Țȍȉȧ" — șȔȍȍȚșȧ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ.
— ȇ ȍȋȖ ȗȍȘȍȗȐșȈȓȈ Ȋ ȔȖȑ ȈȓȤȉȖȔ Ȍȓȧ șȚȐȝȖȊ Ǵȕȍ
dzȐȧ ȌȈȓȈ
— ǷȖșȓȍ ȏȈȊȚȘȈȒȈ ȗȖȑȌȐ Ȑ ȗȘȐȕȍșȐ ȕȈȔ ȥȚț ȚȍȚ-
ȘȈȌȒț — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ — ȇ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȘȈȌȈ țȊȐ-
ȌȈȚȤ, ȟȚȖ Țȣ ȓȦȉȐȠȤ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȟțȊșȚȊȈ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ Ȋȣ-
ȘȈȎȍȕȕȣȍ
— ȅȚȐ șȚȐȝȐ — ȖȉȢȧșȕȧȍȚ ǸȖȉȍȘ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ — ȧ ȟȐȚȈȓ
Ȋ ȟȍșȚȤ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȈ Ȍȍ-ȓȧ-ǴȐȘȈȕȌȤȍ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȓțȟȠȐȝ
ȈȌȊȖȒȈȚȖȊ ȕȈȒȈȕțȕȍ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ Ȋ ǸȐȔ ȒțȌȈ Ȗȕ ȕȈȏȕȈ-
ȟȍȕ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȍȔ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȈ ǵȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȘȖȟȓȐ Ȋ ȔȖȐȝ
șȚȐȝȈȝ ȒȘȖȔȍ șȍȘȌȍȟȕȖȑ ȌȘțȎȉȣ ȕȈșȔȍȠȒȐ ȕȈȌ ȕȍȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȔȈȓȖȖȌȈȘȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȊȖȎȌȧȔȐ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍȍ dzȈȔȈȘ-
ȚȐȕ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȑ șȊȈȌȤȉȍ ȊșȚțȗȐȓ-
șȧ ȏȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȝ ȌȈȔ ȗȖȏȌȘȈȊȓȧȓȐ
Ȕȍȕȧ Ȑ Ȋ ȚȖȚ Ȏȍ ȊȍȟȍȘ ȕȈ ȉȈȓț ț ȈȕȋȓȐȑșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖșȓȈ
ȚȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȊȖȏȔțȡȈȓșȧ șȚȐȝȈȔȐ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ ȗȖ-
ȏȌȘȈȊȐȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ Ȑ ȟȖȒȕțȚȤșȧ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȏȈșȚȣȓȈ Ȋ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȍ DzȈȒ dzȐȧ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȈ ȋȖȘȌȐȚȤșȧ — ȐȔȍȚȤ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȉȘȈȚȈ ǻ ȕȍȋȖ ȘțȒȐ ȚȖȕȒȐȍ,
ȎȍȕșȒȐȍ Ȑ Ȗȕ șȔȖȚȘȐȚ ȚȈȒ ȓȈșȒȖȊȖ DzȓȈȘȈ șȔțȡȍȕȈ ǻ
ȕȍȋȖ țȓȣȉȒȈ ȚȈȒȈȧ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȕȈșȔȍȝȈȍȚșȧ
ȓȐ Ȗȕ. ǶȕȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȌȍȚ ȒȈȒ țȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȗȍȘ-
Ȋȣȑ ȘȈȏ ǷȍȘȊȣȑ ȊȚȖȘȕȐȒ ȔȍșȧȞȈ— ȊȣȝȖȌȕȖȑ ȌȍȕȤ..

34
Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȥȒȐȗȈȎȍ — Ȋ ǷȖ — ș ȖȟȍȕȤ ȥȓȍȋȈȕȚȕȖȑ ȌȈ-
ȔȖȑ Ƕ ȒȈȒ ȖȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȒȘȈșȐȊȈ ǵȈ ȕȍȑ ȉȣȓ ȘȖȏȖȊȣȑ
ȒȈȗȖȘ ǶȕȈ ȕȍȉȘȍȎȕȖ ȖȚȒȐȕțȓȈșȤ ȕȈ ȗȖȌțȠȒȐ ȒȖȓȧș-
ȒȐ ǷȓȈȚȤȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȓȖșȖșȐȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȞȊȍȚȈ DzȚȖ ȖȕȈ" DzȈȒ
țȏȕȈȚȤ" ǴȖȎȍȚ ȥȚȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȈȧ ȌȈȔȈ Ȑȏ ǷȈȘȐȎȈ ȗȘȐȍ-
ȝȈȊȠȈȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉ țȝȈȎȐȊȈȚȤ ȏȈ ǸȖȎȍȘȖȔ
ȍșȓȐ Ȗȕ ȏȈȉȖȓȍȍȚ
ǷȖȥȚȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȚȤ ȉȖȓȤȕȣȔȐ Ȑ ȒȘȈșȐȊȣȍ ȌȈȔȣ
ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ țȝȈȎȐȊȈȦȚ ǰ ȗȖȚȖȔ Ȑȝ ȓȦȉȧȚ ȒȘȍȖȓȒȐ ȖȕȐ
ȟȐȚȈȦȚ Ȑȝ șȚȐȝȐ Ȋ ȚȍȕȐ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȝ ȞȊȍȚȖȊ ǸȖȎȍȘ
ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ țȍȌȍȚ Ȋ ȒȖȓȖȕȐȐ ǺȈȔ ȌȈȦȚ ȉȈȓȣ Ƕȕ
ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȚ ȌȍȊțȠȒț ȗȖȝȖȎțȦ ȕȈ dzȈțȘț ǵȍȚ ȕȈ Ȕȍȕȧ
ǵȖ ȚȈȔ ȊȍȌȤ șȔțȋȓȣȍ ǼȖȕȈȘȤ ȕȍȋȘȈ ȉțȌȍȚ ȖșȊȍȡȈȚȤ
ȓȍș ȒȈȒ Ȋ «ǷȖȓȍ Ȑ ǪȐȘȋȐȕȐȐ»… ǶȕȐ ȗȖȊȍȕȟȈȦȚșȧ Ȋ
ȞȍȘȒȊȐ țȚȘȖȔ ǻ ȕȍȍ ȉțȌțȚ ȋȖȓȣȍ ȘțȒȐ ț ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȐ ȠȐ-
ȗȖȊȕȐȒȈ Ǫ ȗȖȓȍ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȋȖȓțȉȣȝ ȒțȏȕȍȟȐȒȖȊ
ǯȈȊȚȘȈȒ ȒȖȕȟȐȓșȧ Ȋșȍ ȐȌțȚ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȈșț Ǫ ȓȐșȚȊȍ ȎțȎ-
ȎȈȚ ȠȔȍȓȐ DzȖȓȖȒȖȓ ȏȊȖȕȐȚ Ȓ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȍ ǿȍȘȕȣȍ ȔȈȒȐ
țȊȧȌȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȓțȎȈȑȒȍ
— ǬȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ — ȚȍȗȍȘȤ
ȗȖȌȈȓȐ ȒȖȜȍ Ȑ Țȣ ȔȖȎȍȠȤ ȗȖȑȚȐ ȏȈ șȊȖȐȔ ȈȓȤȉȖȔȖȔ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȌȍȚ Ȋ șȊȖȦ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ǶȕȈ ȘȈșȒȘȣ-
ȊȈȍȚ ȈȓȤȉȖȔ ȕȈ șȚȘȈȕȐȟȒȍ ȋȌȍ ȗȍȘȍȗȐșȈȕȣ șȚȐȝȐ ǸȖ-
ȎȍȘȈ ǨȕȦȚȐȕȣ ȋȓȈȏȒȐ ȚȈȔ ȏȈșțȠȍȕȣ DzȓȈȘȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ
ȗȘȧȟȍȚ ȞȊȍȚȖȒ ǵȖ șȚȍȉȍȓȤ Ȑ ȓȍȗȍșȚȒȐ țȊȧȌȈȧ ȖșȚȈ-
ȊȐȓȐ ȕȈ ȉțȔȈȋȍ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȊȈȚȣȑ șȓȍȌ DzȓȈȘȈ ȗȘȖȉțȍȚ șȚȍ-
ȘȍȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ țȌȈȍȚșȧ ǶȕȈ ȔȖȟȐȚ ȗȓȈȚȖȟȍȒ ȕȖ ȗȧȚ-
ȕȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ țȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȅȚȖ ȒȈȒ ȒȓȦȟȐ Ȏȍȕȣ ǹȐȕȍȑ
ǩȖȘȖȌȣ ǶȕȈ șȝȖȌȐȚ Ȑ ȗȖȌȈȍȚ ȘȈșȒȘȣȚȣȑ ȈȓȤȉȖȔ ǸȖ-
ȎȍȘț ǺȖȚ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ Ǫșȍ ȔȖȓȟȈȚ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȟȐȚȈȍȚ
ǼȘȈȕșț Ȍȍ-ȓȈ-ǴȐȘȈȕȌȤȍ ȗȖ șȓțȟȈȦ ȍȋȖ șȊȈȌȤȉȣ
«Ƕ ȟȍȓȕ ȓȦȉȊȐ șȚȘȍȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ Ȑ ȘȤȧȕȣȑ
Ǻȍȉȧ țȔȟȐȚ țȔȟȐȚ Ȋ Ȑȕȣȍ șȚȘȈȕȣ

35
ǹȘȍȌȤ ȧȘȒȐȝ ȗȈȓȤȔ țȏȘȐȠȤ Țȣ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȔȐȘ
ǪȕȍȔȓȐ Ȏȍ ȕȣȕȍ Ȗ șȒȐȚȈȓȍȞ Ȧȕȣȑ
DzȈȒ șȍȘȌȞȈ ȊȏȌȖȝ ȔȖȐ ȊȖȓȕțȍȚ șȚȘțȕȣ —
ǺȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȏȍȜȐȘ
ǪșȦ ȎȐȏȕȤ Țȍȉȍ ȔȖȘȧ ȓȦȉȊȐ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ
Ǻȣ șȓȣȠȐȠȤ ȈȘȖȔȈȚ șȓȈȌȟȈȑȠȐȝ ȓȐȓȐȑ
ǰ Ȍȓȧ Țȍȉȧ Ȋșȍ ȏȈȞȊȍȚȈȍȚ ȊȕȖȊȤ
Ƕ ȊȖȎȌȤ ȏȈȉțȌȤ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȋȕȍȊ Ȑ ȉțȘȐ
ǹȘȍȌȤ ȗțȘȗțȘȈ ȔȈȋȕȖȓȐȑ Ȑ ȓȈȏțȘȐ
ǶȚȕȣȕȍ șȓȈȊȤ ȓȦȉȖȊȤ
ǷțșȚȤ ȧȘȣȑ ȖȒȍȈȕ ȠțȔȐȚ ȉȍȏȉȘȍȎȕȣȑ
ǵȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț ș ȚȊȖȍȑ ȗȖȌȘțȋȖȑ ȕȍȎȕȖȑ
ǪȕȐȔȈȑ ȓȦȉȊȐ ȘȍȟȈȔ ȓȦȉȖȊȤȦ ȗȖȓȕ
Ƕ șȓțȠȈȑ ȋȖȓȖș ȚȈȑȕȣȑ Ȑ șȚȣȌȓȐȊȣȑ
ǷȖȌ șȚȘȈșȚȕȣȍ ȗȘȐȓȐȊȣ Ȑ ȖȚȓȐȊȣ
ǷȖȌ ȚȍȔȕȣȑ ȘȖȒȖȚ ȊȖȓȕ
DzȖȋȌȈ Ȏȍ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȠȤ Ȗ ȘȖȌȕȖȔ ȕȈȘȖȌȍ
ǰ Ȗ ȊȖșȗȍȚȖȑ ȉȈȘȌȈȔȐ șȊȖȉȖȌȍ
ǿȚȖ ȕȈȔ ȊșȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȍȑ Ȑ Ȟȍȕȕȍȑ —
ǹȒȈȎȐ șȍȉȍ șȊȖȉȖȌȈ ȕȈȔ ȖȚ ǩȖȋȈ
ǹȓȈȋȈȦ ȧ Ȓ șȚȖȗȈȔ ȗȖȌȘțȋȐ șȚȘȖȋȖȑ
Ǫșȍ ȉțȘȐ ȥȚȐȝ Ȍȕȍȑ
Ǩ ȕȣȕȍ ȏȈ Țȍȉȧ ȗȖȌȣȔȍȔ ȟȈȠȐ
Ǻȍȉȍ Ȗ ȌȘțȋ șȓȖȊȈ Ȑ ȗȍșȕȐ ȕȈȠȐ
Ǻȣ Ȋ ȧȊȤ ȗȘȍȖȉȘȈȎȈȍȠȤ ȌȐȊȕȣȑ șȖȕ
Ǻȍȉȍ ȗȖȍȔ Ǻȣ ȕȈ ȗȖȘȖȋȍ ȝȘȈȔȈ
Ǫ ȋȘȧȌțȡȍȍ ȋȓȧȌȐȠȤ ȓȍȋȒȖ Ȑ ȗȘȧȔȖ
ǩȓȈȎȍȕșȚȊȖȔ Ȗșȓȍȗȓȍȕ».
— ǿțȌȍșȕȖ Ȗ ȟțȌȍșȕȖ — ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȦȚ Ȋ ȖȌȐȕ ȋȖȓȖș
ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍ-
ȉȍȏ ȊȈȎȕȖ Ȑ șȚȘȖȋȖ ȊȣșȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȎȍșȚȖȔ ȖȌȖȉȘȍȕȐȍ
ǿȚȖ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȈ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ — Ȗȕ ȊșȚȈȍȚ ȖȟȍȕȤ
ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ Ȑ ȗȘȖȚȧȋȐȊȈȧ ȘțȒț ǸȖȎȍȘț ȏȈȧȊȓȧȍȚ
— ǴȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȧ ȕȍ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȧȦ ȊȈȠȐȝ ȐȌȍȑ
ǴȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ ǵȖ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȤȚȍ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȊȈȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ
ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȗȖȑȌȍȚȍ

36
ǸȖȎȍȘ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȊșȚȈȍȚ Ƕȕ șȓȍȋȒȈ șȔțȡȍȕ Ƕȕ ȖȚȌȈȓ
ȈȓȤȉȖȔ DzȓȈȘȍ Ȑ ȋȓȧȌȐȚ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ ȕȈ ȞȍȗȤ ȝȖȓȔȖȊ ǬȈȓȍ-
ȒȖȍ ȗȍȕȐȍ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȐ ȌȖȝȖȌȐȚ ȌȖ ȚȍȘȘȈșȣ ǰ Ȋ ȌȈȓȍȒȐȝ Ȍȍ-
ȘȍȊȕȧȝ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȦȚ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȈ.
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ ǵȐȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ȎȐȏȕȐ
ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȚȈȒ șȓȈȌȒȖ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȈ ȒȘȖȔȍ Ȍȕȧ ȗȍȘ-
ȊȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȟȈșȚȐȧ ǵȖ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȍȍ ȘȈȌȖșȚȤ ȉȣȓȈ ȖȚȘȈȊȓȍȕȈ
șȖȔȕȍȕȐȧȔȐ ǶȕȈ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȐȌȧ Ȋ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ ȖȕȈ
ȉȖȧȓȈșȤ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȣȗȐȓȈ ȕȖȟȤȦ șȚȈȒȈȕ ȊȖȌȣ ǶȕȈ ȘȈș-
șȒȈȏȈȓȈ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȔȈȚȍȘȐ ȚȈ țȓȣȉȈȧșȤ ȖȚȖșȓȈȓȈ ȍȍ Ȓ
ȌțȝȖȊȕȐȒț ǹȊȧȡȍȕȕȐȒ ȍȍ țșȗȖȒȖȐȓ ǶȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȚ ȥȚȖȚ șȊȧ-
ȚȖȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȧȚȤ ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ǵȈ ȕȍȑ ȉȣȓȖ
ȉȍȓȖȍ ȚȦȓȍȊȖȍ ȗȓȈȚȤȐȞȍ Ȑ ȊȍȕȖȒ Ȑȏ ȉȍȓȣȝ ȘȖȏ Ǫ șȊȖȑ
ȔȖȓȐȚȊȍȕȕȐȒ ȖȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ șȓȖȕȖȊȖȑ ȒȖșȚȤȦ ȖȕȈ ȊȓȖ-
ȎȐȓȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȟȍșȚȐȊȣȍ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȒȐ ȗȖȌȈȘȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȖȌȘțȋȈ-
ȔȐ ǵȈ ȖȉȖȘȖȚȍ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȖȒ ȕȈȌȗȐșȐ «ǬȖȘȖȋȖȑ DzȓȈȘȍ ȕȈ
ȗȈȔȧȚȤ Ȗ șȈȔȖȔ ȓțȟȠȍȔ Ȍȕȍ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ». «ǴȖȍȑ ȕȍȎ-
ȕȖȑ ȗȖȌȘțȋȍ DzȓȈȘȍ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȕȈȊȍȒȐ». «ǴȖȍȑ
ȓȦȉȐȔȖȑ DzȓȈȘȍ ȕȈ ȗȈȔȧȚȤ Ȗ șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȖȔ Ȍȕȍ». ǵȈ ȒȈȘ-
ȚȐȕȈȝ ȐȏȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȣ ȗȣȓȈȦȡȍȍ șȍȘȌȞȍ șȊȧȚȣȍ Ȋ ȓțȟȈȝ
ȌȐȊȕȖȋȖ șȖȓȕȞȈ ǩȖȋȖȔȈȚȍȘȤ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȌȍȘȎȐȚ ȔȓȈȌȍȕ-
ȞȈ ǰȐșțșȈ Ȑ ȋȖȓȖȑ ȕȖȋȖȑ ȗȘȐȎȐȔȈȍȚ ȏȔȍȧ-ȐșȒțșȐȚȍȓȧ
ȒȖȓȍȕȖȗȘȍȒȓȖȕȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȘȐȟȈșȚȕȐȞȣ Ȑ ȕȈȊȍȘȝț ǹȊȧȚȣȍ
ǬȈȘȣ
ȇ ȉȣȓȈ Ȋ ȉȍȓȖȔ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ șȍȉȍ DzȓȈȘȈ — Ǫ ȉȍȓȖȔ
ȉȣȊȈȦȚ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȟȈșȚȐȧ Ȑ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ Ȋȍȕ-
ȟȈȕȐȧ
ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ DzȓȈȘȈ șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȈ ǰșȚȖȘȐȧ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ
Ȑ dzȈțȘȣ șȒȘȣȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȚțȔȈȕȍ ȖȕȈ ȍȑ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȔ
șȕȖȔ ǶȕȈ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚ ȈȓȤȉȖȔ Ȑ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȈșț
ǷȍȘȍȝȖȌȧȚ Ȋ ȋȖșȚȐȕțȦ ȚȈȔ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȋȖȓȖșȖȔ ȗȖȓȕȣȔ
ȟțȊșȚȊȈ ȈȒȒȖȔȗȈȕȐȘțȧ șȍȉȍ ȕȈ ȋȐȚȈȘȍ ȗȖȍȚ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȘȖ-
ȔȈȕș dzȖȐȏȈ ǷȐȎȍ «DzȖȋȌȈ Țȣ ȊȍȘȕȍȠȤșȧ».
ǹȓțȋȈ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȚ ȌȖȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ șȖȉȈȒȈ ȕȈȑȌȍȕȈ Ȑ Ȋ
ȒȖȕȦȠȕȍ Ȑ ȟȚȖ ȟȍȔȖȌȈȕ ș ȊȍȡȈȔȐ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȈ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ

ȚȖȎȍ ȗȘȐȊȍȏȍȕ ǭȋȖ șȍȔȤȧ ȗȖșȓȈȓȈ ȍȔț Ȋșȍ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐ-
ȔȖȍ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȖȊȖȎȈȍȚ ȔȖȓȖȌȖȋȖ ȗȖȥȚȈ Ȋ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȍȔț ȗȘȍȌȕȈȏȕȈȟȍȕȕțȦ Ȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ:
— ǬȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȘȈșȗȖȓȈȋȈȑȚȍ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȍȔ ȒȈȒ ȝȖ-
ȚȐȚȍ
— ǹȗȈșȐȉȖ Ǵȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȕȈȗȐșȈȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȐșȍȔ
— Ǫȣ ȕȈȑȌȍȚȍ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋșȍ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȌȖ
Dz ȖȉȍȌț ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ ǸȖȎȍȘ Ƕȕ Ȋ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȔ ȜȘȈȒȍ ȖȉȚȧ-
ȋȐȊȈȦȡȍȔ ȍȋȖ șȚȘȖȑȕȣȑ șȚȈȕ ǸȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ-
Ƞȕȍȑ ȖȝȖȚȍ ǸȍȠȍȕȖ ȟȚȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȚȖȎȍ ȗȖȍȌȍȚ
ǭȍ ȗȖșȈȌȧȚ ȋȌȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȋ ȚȍȕȐ ȟȚȖȉ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȗȍȘȍțȚȖȔȐ-
ȓȈșȤ
ǶȚȢȍȏȌ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȈ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ǬȖ-
ȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȒȖȓȧșȒȈ ȗȖȌȈȕȈ Ƕȕ ȗȘȖȡȈȍȚșȧ
ǪȐȌȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȍȋȖ ȥȒȐȗȈȎ țȌȈȓȧȍȚșȧ ȗȖ Ȉȓȓȍȍ șȘȍȌȤ
ȚȐȝȐȝ șțȔȍȘȍȒ Ƕȕ ȐșȟȍȏȈȍȚ Ȋ ȓȐșȚȊȍ Ȑ ȊȕȖȊȤ ȗȖȧȊȓȧȍȚ-
șȧ șȘȍȌȐ ȔȈȋȕȖȓȐȑ ǩȍȓȣȍ ȓȍȗȍșȚȒȐ ȒȈȒ șȕȍȋ ȗȈȌȈȦȚ
ȕȈ ȍȋȖ ȊȖȓȖșȣ

38
IV
ǵȖȟȤȦ DzȓȈȘȍ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ șȕȐȓȖșȤ ȉțȌȚȖ ȖȕȈ dzȈțȘȈ Ȉ
ǸȖȎȍȘ — ȌȧȌȧ ǰȖȈȝȐȔ ǶȕȈ șȐȌȍȓȈ ȗȖȌ ȞȊȍȚȒȖȔ ȗȖȝȖ-
ȎȐȔ ȕȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȉȍȓȣȑ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓ ǶȕȈ ȏȈȌȣȝȈȓȈșȤ DzȚȖ-
ȚȖ ȒȘȐȟȈȓ ȍȑ «ǵȍșȟȈșȚȕȈȧ ǪȖȚ ȗȘȐȠȓȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȚȊȖȍȑ
ȉȍȘȍȔȍȕȕȖșȚȐ!»
ǶȕȈ ȗȘȖșȣȗȈȍȚșȧ ȖȚ șȚțȒȈ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȅȚȖ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ
— ǩȈȘȣȠȕȧ țȎ ȗȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ
DzȓȈȘȈ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȖȝȖȚȈ ȏȈ ȏȈȑȞȈȔȐ
ǶȕȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȖȌȍȊȈȍȚșȧ ȏȈȉȣȊȈȍȚ ȌțȘȕȖȑ șȖȕ Ȑ ȌțȔȈȍȚ
Ȗ ǸȖȎȍȘȍ Ȗ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȑ ȗȘȖȋțȓȒȍ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȗȘȐȕȖ-
șȐȚ ȍȑ ȏȈȊȚȘȈȒ DzȓȈȘȈ ȐȌȍȚ ȏȈ șȊȖȐȔ ȘțȎȤȍȔ Ȋ ȉȐȉȓȐȖ-
ȚȍȒț ȚȈȔ ȗȈȝȕȍȚ ȒȕȐȋȈȔȐ ȔȣȠȈȔȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȖȑ
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǸȖȎȍȘ Ȑ ȚȘȐ ȉȍȘȍȑȚȖȘȈ țȎ ȕȈ
ȚȍȘȘȈșȍ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȝȖȟȍȚ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȍȍ ȘțȎȤȍ ȟȚȖȉ ȕȍșȚȐ ȕȖ
ȖȕȈ șȔȍȧșȤ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȍȔț ǷȘȖȝȖȌȧȚ ȖȋȘȈȌț
Ǫ șȊȍȎȍȔ șțȔȘȈȒȍ ȘȈșșȊȍȚȈ Ȋșȍ ȖȟȍȘȚȈȕȐȧ ȟȍȘȕȣ Ȑ
ȎȍșȚȒȐ ǹȒȖȘȖ șȗțșȒȈȦȚ ș ȗȘȐȊȧȏȐ șȖȉȈȒ ǶȕȐ ȕȦȝȈȧ
ȊȖȏȌțȝ ȗȖȓȏȈȦȚ ȗȖ ȎȕȐȊȤȦ ǶȌȕȈ ȖȚșȚȈȓȈ ǬȘțȋȈȧ ȉȍ-
ȋȈȍȚ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȔȍșȚȈ ǹȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ ȒȘȐȊȣȍ ȚȈȒșȣ țșȈ-
Țȣȍ ȐȡȍȑȒȐ Ȑ ȕȍțȒȓȦȎȐȍ ȓȍȋȈȊȣȍ
ǪȌȘțȋ ȘȈȏȌȈȍȚșȧ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȕȣȑ ȓȈȑ ǵȍȗȖȌȊȐȎȕȈȧ Ȋȣ-
ȚȧȕțȊ ȠȍȦ ȖȌȕȈ șȖȉȈȒȈ ȊȖȍȚ ȅȚȖȚ ȌȖȓȋȐȑ șȚȖȕ ȌȘȖ-
ȎȐȚ Ȋ țȚȘȍȕȕȍȔ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ ǷȘȐȉȍȋȈȦȚ ȌȘțȋȐȍ ǶȕȈ Ȋșȍ
ȊȖȍȚ ș ȊȏȢȍȘȖȠȍȕȕȖȑ ȠȍȘșȚȤȦ ș ȗȘȐȎȈȚȣȔȐ Ȓ șȗȐȕȍ
țȠȈȔȐ ȊȖȍȚ Ȑ ȉȤȍȚ ȝȊȖșȚȖȔ ǭȑ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȦȚ Ȋșȍ șȖȉȈȒȐ Ȑ
ȌȈȓȍȒȖȍ ȥȝȖ ǶȝȖȚȈ ȕȈȟȈȓȈșȤ
DzȘȈșȐȊȣȍ ȏȈȔȠȍȊȣȍ ȋȍȚȘȣ DzȓȈȘȣ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȖȔȖȒ-
ȓȐ Ȋ ȗȈȗȖȘȖȚȕȐȒȍ ǶȕȈ ȐȌȍȚ ȏȈ ȖȝȖȚȕȐȒȈȔȐ ǺȘȖșȚȕȐȒ
ȒȖȓȍȚ ȍȍ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ ǹ ȊȍȚȖȒ ȒȈȒ ȌȖȎȌȤ ȗȈȌȈȍȚ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȈȧ
șȊȍȘȒȈȦȡȈȧ ȘȖșȈ ȕȈ ȍȍ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ȕȈ Ƞȓȧȗț țȒȘȈȠȍȕȕțȦ

40
ȒȘȣȓȖȔ șȖȑȒȐ ǹ ȗȖȓȍȑ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚșȧ ȏȈȗȈȝ ȏȍȔȓȐ Ȑ Ȕȧ-
Țȣ ǯȈȧȞ țșȒȖȓȤȏȈȍȚ Ǫșȍ ȐȌțȚ ȗȖ ȔȈȒțȠȒȍ ȝȖȓȔȈ
— ǬȍȚȒȈ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȌȖȟȍȘȐ —Țȣ
țșȚȈȕȍȠȤ ȚȈȒ ǷȖșȐȌȐ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈ ȌȖȘȖȎȒȍ ț «ǯȈȒȖ-
ȓȖȟȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖȔȈ» Ǵȣ șȒȖȘȖ ȗȖȌȖȑȌȍȔ ȚțȌȈ Ȋșȍ
...«ǯȈȒȖȓȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ȌȖȔ», — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ șȍȉȍ DzȓȈȘȈ, —ȕȍ
ȥȚȖ ȓȐ ȔȍșȚȖ Ȗ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȌȧȌȧ ǰȖȈȝȐȔ Ȋ ȗȍȘ-
ȊȖȔ ȗȐșȤȔȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ȋȌȍ ȎȐȓȈ dzaypa?... ǵț ȌȈ — Ǭȍ-
ȊțȠȒȈ ȚȐȝȖ ȐȌȍȚ ȗȖ ȚȘȖȗȐȕȒȍ ǶȕȈ ȘȈȏȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȍȚ ȖȌ-
ȕȖȥȚȈȎȕȣȑ ȏȈȉȐȚȣȑ ȌȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȊȐȌȐȚ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȗȍȘ-
Ȋȣȑ ȘȈȏ ǺȖȕȒȈȧ Ȑ ȗȖȒȖșȐȊȠȈȧșȧ ȘȍȠȍȚȒȈ ȖȚȌȍȓȧȍȚ șȈȌ.
DzȓȈȘȈ ȐȌȍȚ ȚțȌȈ ǯȍȓȍȕȣȍ șȚȈȊȕȐ ȒȖȍ-ȒȈȒ ȊȐșȧȚ ȕȈ ȏȈȘ-
ȎȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȍȚȓȧȝ «ǺȈȔ ȊȕțȚȘȐ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȖ Ȑ ȚȍȔȕȖ —
ȌțȔȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ — ǺȈȔ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȖȊșȦȌț ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȍ
ȗȈțȚȐȕȣ»...
ǵȈȓȍȊȖ ț ȌȖȘȖȋȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏȊȍșȐșȚȣȝ ȌțȉȖȊ Ȑ ȒȖ-
ȓȖȌȍȞ DzȓȈȘȈ ȉȘȖȌȐȚ ȗȖ șȈȌț ȋȓȧȌȧ ȕȈ ȚȘȈȊț țșȣȗȈȕ-
ȕțȦ ȔȈȒȈȔȐ Ȑ ȔȈȘȋȈȘȐȚȒȈȔȐ DzȘțȋȖȔ ȒțșȚȣ ȚȍȘȕȖȊ-
ȕȐȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȣȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȖȒȘțȎȈȓȐ ȉȍșȍȌ-
Ȓț ǹȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ șȒȈȔȤȧ șȣȘȈȧ Ȑ ȗȖȓțșȋȕȐȊȠȈȧ
ǶȝȖȚȕȐȒȐ ȖȚȖȠȓȐ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȏȘȍȌȒȈ
ȘȈȏȓȐȟȈȍȚ ȓȈȑ șȖȉȈȒ ǶȕȈ șȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȞȊȍȚȣ Ȑ ȌțȔȈȍȚ Ȗȉ Ȑȝ
șȐȔȊȖȓȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȖȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȗȐșȈȓȈ Ȋ
țȟȍȕȐȟȍșȒțȦ ȚȍȚȘȈȌȒț ȚȈȑȒȖȔ ȐȉȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȈȗȘȍȡȍȕȖ
ǩȓȍȌȕȣȑ ȔȈȒ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȝȘțȗȒȐȑ ȖȏȕȈȟȈȍȚ ȚȖȔȕȖșȚȤ
Ȑ șȖȕ ǸȖȏȈ — șȊȍȎȍșȚȤ Ȑ ȕȍȎȕȖșȚȤ ǿȚȖ dzȈțȘȈ ȏȕȈȓȈ
ȓȐ ȖȕȈ ȧȏȣȒ ȞȊȍȚȖȊ" ǩȍȌȕȈȧ dzȈțȘȈ ǶȕȈ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣ-
ȓȈ ȔȕȖȋȖ șȚȘȈȌȈȚȤ ǶȕȈ țȔȍȘȓȈ ȏȌȍșȤ" ǫȌȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȍȍ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȈ" ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȊȖȚ ȥȚȖ ȖȒȕȖ ȕȈȓȍȊȖ" ǺȈȔ
ȋȊȖȏȌȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȊȐșȍȓȈ ȒȓȍȚȒȈ dzȈțȘȈ ȓȦȉȐȓȈ
ȗȚȐȞ
ǶȝȖȚȕȐȒȐ ȊȍȘȕȖ ȏȈ ȝȖȓȔȖȔ DzȓȈȘȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ
ȕȍ șȓȣȠȐȚ ǶȕȈ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȕȖ ȍȑ ȝȖȟȍȚșȧ ȗȓȈ-
ȒȈȚȤ.

41
ǶȕȈ ȓȦȉȐȓȈ ȗȚȐȞ — dzȈțȘȈ ǰ ȖȕȈ ȐȋȘȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȋȐ-
ȚȈȘȍ DzȚȖ ȍȑ ȌȈȓ ȓȈțȌȈȕ"
ǵȍȉȖ șȐȕȍȍ Ȑ ȧșȕȖȍ ǹȖȓȕȞȍ ȉȘȖșȈȍȚ ȋțșȚȣȍ ȚȍȕȐ Ȓ
ȒȖȓȖȌȞț
dzȈțȘȈ ȗȐȓȈ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȥȚț ȊȖȌț ǭșȓȐ ȧ ȚȖȎȍ
ȊȣȗȤȦ" ǯȌȍșȤ ȍșȚȤ ȖȚȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ ȕȖȊȖȍ ȊȍȌȘȖ DzȈȒ Ȋ ȒȖ-
ȓȖȌȞȍ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ Ȑ ȚȍȔȕȖ ǺȈȔ ȔȖȝ ȜȐȈȓȒȐ ǪȍȌȘȖ șȖȊ-
șȍȔ ȕȍ ȚȧȎȍȓȖȍ DzȈȒȈȧ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȈȧ ȊȖȌȈ ǰ ȝȖȓȖȌ-
ȕȈȧ
— Ǫȣ ȗȘȖșȚțȌȐȚȍșȤ
ȅȚȖ ǸȖȎȍȘ Ƕȕ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȗȖȧȊȐȓșȧ
— ǪȈȠ ȖȚȍȞ ȕȍ ȏȌȍșȤ" Ƕȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȕȕȍ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȌȍȚ
șȦȌȈ ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȗȕ ȗȖȠȍȓ ȏȈ șȖȉȈȒȈȔȐ ǶșȚȈȊȤȚȍ ȥȚț
ȊȖȌț ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȍșȚȤ Ȋ ȜȓȧȎȒȍ ȊȐȕȖ ǽȖȚȐȚȍ șȚȈȒȈȕȟȐȒ"
— ǹȗȈșȐȉȖ ǹȗȈșȐȉȖ ȇ ȗȤȦ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȖȌț ȇ ȕȍ
ȓȦȉȓȦ ȊȐȕȈ ȇ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȗȤȦ ȊȐȕȈ
ǶȕȈ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ ǸȖȎȍȘț Ȑ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ȕȈ ȉȘȍȊȕȖ ț ȒȖȓȖȌ-
ȞȈ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȚȖȎȍ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ȘȧȌȖȔ ǶȕȐ ȗȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ ȘțȎȤȧ
ț șȚȍȕȣ
— Ǫȣ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ — șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘȈ — ȒȚȖ ȎȐȓ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ
ȌȖȔȍ"
— ǵȍȚ ȇ ȍȋȖ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȏȈȒȖȓȖȟȍȕȕȣȔ Ƕȕ ȖȟȍȕȤ
ȒȘȈșȐȊ Ǩ Ȋȣ"
— Ƕ ǭșȓȐ ȉ ȧ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȥȚȖȔ ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ ȐȓȐ ȒȈȒ ǨȓȤ-
ȔȈȕȌȈ Ȍȍ ǼȓȍȘȈȑ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȉȣ ǺȖȋȌȈ ȉȣ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ
— DzȚȖ ȥȚȖ — ǨȓȤȔȈȕȌȈ Ȍȍ ǼȓȍȘȈȑ"
— ȅȚȖ «șȚȈȘȠȈȧ» Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȔ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȍ
— Ƕ ȟȍȔ Ȋȣ șȒȈȏȈȓȐ ȉȣ"
— ȇ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȉȣ Ȗ șȚȈȊȕȧȝ Ȗ ȘȎȈȊȟȐȕȍ Ȗ șȚȈȘȣȝ ȞȊȍ-
ȚȈȝ ǬȈ ȍșȚȤ șȚȈȘȣȍ ȞȊȍȚȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ șȚȘȈȌȈȦȚ ȖȌȐȕȖ-
ȒȐȍ ȐȉȖ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȓȐ țȔȍȘȠȐȔ ȓȦȌȧȔ DzȈȒ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ
șȈȌț ȇ ȊȐȎț țșȖȗȠȐȝ ǶȕȐ ȉȍșȍȌȖȊȈȓȐ Ȋ șȈȌț Țȍȗȓȣ-
ȔȐ ȊȍȟȍȘȈȔȐ ǽȖȚȐȚȍ ȕȈȗȐșȈȚȤ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ Ȋ ȊȈȠȐȝ șȚȐ-
ȝȈȝ" ǶȕȐ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣ ȊȈȠȐ șȚȐȝȐ ǵȖ ȧ ȋȓțȗȈȧ Ȍȍ-
ȊȖȟȒȈ ȕȈȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ Ȋȣ șȔȍȍȚȍșȤ ǶȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȕȕȍ ȝȖȟȍȚ-

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șȧ ȗȓȈȒȈȚȤ ǪȖȚ ȌȍȘȎȐȚȍ ȅȚȐ ȞȊȍȚȣ ȧ șȖȉȐȘȈȓȈ Ȍȓȧ
ȊȈș ǬȍȘȎȐȚȍ
ǰ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȘȍȏȒȖ Ȑ ȕȍțȒȓȦȎȍ ȒȐȌȈȍȚ ȞȊȍȚȣ
Ȓ ȕȖȋȈȔ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ Ƕȕ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȌȍȊțȠȒȍ
— ȅȚȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȕȍȎȕȖ ȇ ȕȈȗȐȠț șȚȐȝȐ
Ȗȉ ȥȚȐȝ ȞȊȍȚȈȝ Ȑ ȗȖȠȓȦ Ȑȝ ȊȈȠȍȑ ȔȈȔȍ Ȍȓȧ ȊȈș
ǵȖ șȘȈȏț ȏȈȔȖȓȒȈȍȚ ȗȖȘȈȎȍȕȕȣȑ Ƕȕ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȍȚ-
șȧ Ȓ DzȓȈȘȍ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȌțȔȈȧ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ șȔȍȍȚșȧ ȏȈȒȘȣȊ ȓȐ-
ȞȖ ȘțȒȈȔȐ Ƕȕ ȔȧȋȒȖ ȖȚșȚȘȈȕȧȍȚ ȖȌȕț Ȑȏ ȍȍ ȘțȒ ǰ ȊȖȚ
ȖȕȈ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ ȖȚ ȘȈȌȖșȚȐ DzȘțȗȕȣȍ șȓȍȏȣ ȉȍȋțȚ
ȗȖ ȡȍȒȈȔ ȊȌȖȓȤ ȓȖȒȖȕȖȊ
ǰ ȖȏȈȌȈȟȍȕȕȣȑ ȕȍ ȎȍȓȈȧ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ Ȗȕ șȗȘȈ-
ȠȐȊȈȍȚ ȓȈșȒȖȊȖ
— ǿȚȖ ș ȊȈȔȐ DzȓȈȘȈ" ǷȖȟȍȔț Ȋȣ ȚȈȒ ȗȓȈȟȍȚȍ"
ǵȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȍ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ ǬȖȓȋȖ ȍȡȍ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ
ȖȕȈ ȀȓȧȗȈ ȍȍ țȗȈȓȈ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚ ȍȍ
— ǵȍ ȗȓȈȟȤȚȍ DzȓȈȘȈ Ǵȕȍ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ
Ƕȕ ȋȓȈȌȐȚ ȘțȒȖȑ ȍȍ ȏȖȓȖȚȐșȚȣȑ ȋȓȈȌȒȐȑ ȏȈȚȣȓȖȒ
țȚȍȠȈȧ ȍȍ ǺȖȋȌȈ DzȓȈȘȈ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȗȘȐȎȐȔȈȍȚșȧ Ȓ
ǸȖȎȍȘț Ȑ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ șȗȘȧȚȈȊ ȓȐȞȖ ȕȈ ȍȋȖ ȗȓȍȟȍ
_____
ǷȘȐȏȣȊ ȖȝȖȚȕȐȟȤȍȋȖ ȘȖȎȒȈ ȌȖȕȖșȐȚșȧ Ȓ ȕȐȔ ȐȏȌȈ-
ȓȍȒȈ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȊșȚȈȍȚ Ȑ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ Ƕȕ ȉȍȘȍȚ ȗȓȈȚȖȒ ȒȖȚȖ-
Șȣȑ ȓȍȎȐȚ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȧȝ DzȓȈȘȣ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ Ȑ țȓȣȉȈȧșȤ țȚȐ-
ȘȈȍȚ ȍȑ ȋȓȈȏȈ ǶȕȈ ȚȖȎȍ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ
— ǹȒȖȘȍȑ șȒȖȘȍȑ DzȓȈȘȈ ǵȍ ȗȓȈȟȤȚȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ǵȍ
ȕțȎȕȖ ȟȚȖȉ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȗȓȈȒȈȓȐ ȇ ȊȈș ȖȟȍȕȤ
ȓȦȉȓȦ ǩțȌȤȚȍ ȝȖȘȖȠȍȑ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȔȖȟȐȚ ȗȓȈȚȖȒ Ȋ ȕȈȋȘȍȚȖȑ șȖȓȕȞȍȔ
ȊȖȌȍ Ȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ țȔȣȊȈȍȚ ȏȈȗȓȈȒȈȕȕȣȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ

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ǫȓȈȊȕȣȑ ȉȍȘȍȑȚȖȘ ȗȖȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ș șȖȉȈȒȈȔȐ ǯȈ ȕȐȔ
ȍȌțȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ Ȑ ȌȘȖȊȖșȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȚȈȡȐȚ ȌȊțȝ
ȏȈȑȞȍȊ țȉȐȚȣȝ ȊȖȏȓȍ DzȈșȚȍȚȐșȈ
— ȅȚȖ ȧ ȗȖȌșȚȘȍȓȐȓ Ǫȣ ȕȍ ȋȕȈȓȐșȤ ǸȖȎȍȘ" Ǩ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚȕȖ…
— ǵȍȚ ȇ ȉȣȓ șȓȍȋȒȈ țȚȖȔȓȍȕ ǰ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȧ ȉȣȓ ș
ȚȈȒȖȑ ȔȐȓȖȑ șȖȉȍșȍȌȕȐȞȍȑ
— Ǩ Țȣ DzȓȈȘȈ"
— ȇ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȈ ȗȈȗȖȟȒȈ
— ǿȚȖ Ȏ ȌȊȐȋȈȍȔșȧ
ǹȝȖȌȧȚ Ȋ ȌȖȓȐȕț ǹȖȘȖȒȐ șȓȍȚȈȦȚ ș ȗȓȍȚȕȧ
— ǽȖȟȍȠȤ" ǪȣșȚȘȍȓȐ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȐȞȍȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȕȖ ȕȍ șȚȘȍȓȧȍȚ ǷȚȐ-
ȞȈ țȓȍȚȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘȈ ȝȖȝȖȟȍȚ:
— ǶȕȈ ȚȈȒȈȧ ȔȐȓȈȧ ȗȈȗȖȟȒȈ
ǰ ȗȘȐȞȍȓȐȊȠȐșȤ șȚȘȍȓȧȍȚ Ȋ ȒțȊȠȐȕ ț ȌȖȘȖȋȐ ȘȈȏ-
ȉȐȊȈȧ ȍȋȖ ǹȕȖȊȈ șȔȍȍȚșȧ
— ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȏȈȘȧȌ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȣșȚȘȍ-
ȓȐȚȤ?
— Ǫ ȔȖȦ Ƞȓȧȗț ȕȈ ȗȈȓȒȍ
— ǵȍȚ ȖȕȈ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȒȘȈșȐȊȈ
— ǬȈ ȧ ȝȖȟț ȅȚȖ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȈ ȗȈȔȧȚȤ ǸȈȏ ȌȊȈ ȚȘȐ
ǫȖȚȖȊȖ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȈȧ ǵȈ Ƞȓȧȗȍ șȓȍ-
Ȍȣ ȌȘȖȉȐ ǰ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȖȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȚ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ ȞȊȍȚȣ
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ șȘȣȊȈȓȈ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ Ȑ ȒȐȕțȓȈ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ǸȖȎȍȘ țȍȝȈȓ Ȋ ȚȖȚ Ȏȍ ȊȍȟȍȘ ȖșȚȈȊȐȊ Ȋ ȌȍȚșȒȖȔ șȍȘȌ-
Ȟȍ ȕȍȎȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖȌȖȉȕțȦ ȏȖȓȖȚȖȔț Ȑ ȉȍȓȖȔț ȏȈȒȈȚț șȍȕ-
ȚȧȉȘȧ DzȓȈȘȈ țȝȖȌȐȚ ȔȍȟȚȈȚȤ Ȋ ȗȓȖȌȖȊȣȑ șȈȌ ǰșȚȖȘȐȧ
ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ Ȑ dzȈțȘȣ ȍȑ ȕȍ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐ ȏȓȖ-
Ȋȍȡȍȑ ȕȐ țȎȈșȕȖȑ ǶȕȈ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȌțȔȈȚȤ Ȗ ȕȍȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȒȘȍȖȓȖȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ — ȘȈșșțȎȌȈȍȚ
ȖȕȈ— ȎȐȏȕȤ ȗȣȓȒȈȧ Ȑ șȚȘȈșȚȕȈȧ
ǶȕȈ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȝȖȘȖȠȍȕȤȒȖ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȉȣȓȈ ȥȚȈ ȎȐȏȕȤ Ȑ
ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȍȚ ȧșȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȕȈȟȈȚ șȓȖȊȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȖȗȘȍ-

45
ȌȍȓȧȍȚ ȖȕȈ ȍȍ ǵȖ ȊȐȌȐȚ DzȓȈȘȈ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȓȍȗȐȍ ȖșȚȘȖȊȖȊ
șȘȍȌȐ ȖșȍȕȕȐȝ ȊȐȕȖȋȘȈȌȕȐȒȖȊ Ȑ șȚȘțȟȒȖȊ ȐȕȌȐȑșȒȖȋȖ
ȗȍȘȞȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȗȖȌȊȍȠȐȊȈȍȚ Ȓ ȗȍȘȍȒȓȈȌȐ-
ȕȈȔ ȟȍȘȌȈȒȈ ǶȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȚ ȍȡȍ șȍȉȧ ș ǸȖȎȍȘȖȔ ȕȈ ȉȈȓț
ȕȈ ǨȕȚȐȓȤșȒȐȝ ȖșȚȘȖȊȈȝ ȐȓȐ Ȋ ȌȘțȋȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ Ȇȕȣȑ
ȔȖȘȧȒ Ȋ «ǹȍȔȍȑȕȖȔ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȈȝȍ» ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ ǼȓȖȘȐȌȍ Ȑ
Ȗȉ ȆȎȕȖȑ DzȈȘȖȓȐȕȍ ǺȈȔ ȉȣȊȈȦȚ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ ǹȈȝȈȘ-
ȕȣȍ ȗȓȈȕȚȈȞȐȐ ȏȈȝȊȈȟȍȕȣ ȗȖȎȈȘȖȔ ǪȖȎȌȤ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕ-
ȞȍȊ ȝȖȟȍȚ țȉȐȚȤ ȔȓȈȌȍȕȞȈ ȕȖ ȊȍȘȕȣȑ ȘȈȉ șȈȎȈȍȚ ȍȋȖ
ȕȈ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒț ȒȖȒȖșȖȊȖȑ ȗȈȓȤȔȣ
ǴȍȟȚȣ DzȓȈȘȣ ȗȖȌȕȧȓȐ ȍȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȟȍșȚȐȍ ǹȖȔȕȍȕȐȧ
ȘȈșșȍȧȓȐșȤ ǩȖȋ ȍȑ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȉȍșȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȌȖȉȘȣȔ Ǫ ȥȚȐ
ȌȕȐ ȍȡȍ ȏȕȖȑȕȣȍ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ ȗȖȝȖȎȈ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȕȖȍ ȋȕȍȏ-
ȌȖ ǿȈșȚȖ ȖȕȈ țȝȖȌȐȚ ȚțȌȈ ȕȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȖșȐȚ ț ǩȖȋȈ
ȗȘȖȡȍȕȤȧ ȏȈ șȖȚȊȖȘȍȕȕȣȍ ȋȘȍȝȐ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȍȍ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȣ—
ȕȍȔȖȑ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋ ȓȍȋȒȐȑ ȌȣȔ ȒȈȌȐȓȤȕȐȞ Ǫ șȊȖȐȝ Ȕȣș-
ȓȧȝ ȖȕȈ ȖȒțȚȣȊȈȍȚ ȕȖȋȐ ǩȖȋȖȔȈȚȍȘȐ ȕȍȎȕȣȔȐ ȗșȈȓȔȈ-
ȔȐ ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȊȖȏȕȖȠȍȕȐȧ ǹȊ ǬȈȘȖȊ ȖȕȈ șȚȈȘȈȍȚșȧ ȗȘȖ--
ȋȕȈȚ Ȑȏ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ șȚȐȝȐ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ
«ǪȕȍȔȓȐ Ȏȍ ȕȣȕȍ Ȗ șȒȐȚȈȓȍȞ Ȧȕȣȑ
DzȈȒ șȍȘȌȞȈ ȊȏȌȖȝ ȔȖȐ ȊȖȓȕțȍȚ șȚȘțȕȣ —
ǺȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȏȍȜȐȘ».
ǷȖșȓȍ ȖȉȍȌȈ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȚ dzȐȧ
— ǷȘȍȌșȚȈȊȤ șȍȉȍ ȌȖȘȖȋȈȧ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȍȑ DzȓȈȘȈ —
ȕȍȌȈȊȕȖ ȚȊȖȑ ȉȘȈȚ ȊȖșȝȐȚȐȓ ȕȈș șȊȖȐȔȐ șȚȐȝȈȔȐ Ƕȕ
ȟȈșȚȖ ȟȐȚȈȍȚ ȊȈȔ"
— ǵȍȚ ȌȖȘȖȋȈȧ Ƕȕ ȕȍ ȌȍȓȈȍȚ ȕȈȔ ȥȚȖȑ ȟȍșȚȐ Ȑ ȗȖ-
ȚȖȔ
— ǰ ȗȖȚȖȔ"
— ǸȖȎȍȘ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈȔ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ șȓțȠȈȚȤ
ȍȋȖ ȔȕȖȋȐȝ șȚȐȝȖȊ
— Ǻȣ ȟȐȚȈȓȈ ȚȈȒȐȍ"

46
— ǪȖȚ ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚȕȈȧ ǶȌȐȕ ȘȈȏ ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ șȚȐȝȖ-
ȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȍ Ȓ ȌȈȔȍ
— ǿȚȖ ȚȈȔ ȉȣȓȖ?
— ǵȍ ȗȖȔȕȦ Ƕȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗȉ ȍȍ ȗȓȍȟȈȝ
— DzȈȒ Țȣ ȌțȔȈȍȠȤ Ȗȕ Ȑȝ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȕȈ ȉȈȓț"
— ǵț ȌȈ ȋȓțȗȈȧ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȌțȔȈȍȚ Ȗ ȚȖȑ ȒȘȈșȐȊȖȑ ȌȈȔȍ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘțȦ ȖȕȈ ȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȘȈȏ ș ǸȖȎȍȘȖȔ Ȋ ȒȖȓȧșȒȍ ǵȈ ȕȍȑ ȉȣȓ
ȘȖȏȖȊȣȑ ȒȈȗȖȘ
— ǬȍȚȐ — ȏȖȊȍȚ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ — ȐȌȐȚȍ Ȋ șȚȖ-
ȓȖȊțȦ
ǷȖȌȘțȋȐ șȈȌȧȚșȧ ȏȈ șȚȖȓ ȖȌȕȈ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ǶȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȧȧ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ȖȕȐ țȓȣȉȈȦȚșȧ ȗȖ-ȌȍȚșȒȐ — ȏȈșȚȍȕȟȐȊȖ Ȑ
ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȥȚȖȑ țȓȣȉȒȖȑ ȕȍȎȕȖȑ Ȑ ȕȍȊȐȕȕȖȑ ȗȖȟȚȐ
ȋȘțșȚȕȖȑ ȌȊțȝ țȟȍȕȐȞ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȊȠȐȝșȧ ȏȈ șȚȍȕȖȑ ȗȈȕ-
șȐȖȕȈ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ Ȋ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ȚȍȚȐ ǨȔȍȕȈȐȌȣ ǭȍ ȓȖȒȖȕȣ
ȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȗȓȍȟȐ ȒȈȒ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȉțȒȈ dzȐȧ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȚȍȔȕȍȍ
DzȓȈȘȣ ȖȕȈ ȗȘȐȟȍșȈȕȈ ȋȓȈȌȒȖ ș ȉȈȘȝȈȚȕȣȔ ȉȈȕȚȐȒȖȔ
ȕȈ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǻ ȕȍȍ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ ȔȐȕȌȈȓȍȊȐȌȕȣȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȒȈȒ ț
ȉȘȈȚȈ ǵȖș ȖșȚȘȣȑ Ȉ ȘȖȚ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ Ȑ ȒȘțȋȓȣȑ ǵȈ ȕȍȑ
ȓȐȓȖȊȖȍ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ Ȑ ȒȖȕȟȐȒȐ ȗȈȕȚȈȓȖȕ ȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȉȈȠ-
ȔȈȒȐ ȞȊȍȚȈ ȦȉȒȐ ǿȍȘȕȣȍ ȠȍȓȒȖȊȣȍ ȗȍȘȟȈȚȒȐ ȗȘȐȌȈȦȚ
ȍȍ ȘțȟȒȈȔ ȊȈȎȕȣȑ ȊȐȌ ǶȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ țȓȣȉȈȍȚșȧ șȊȖȍȑ
ȗȖȌȘțȋȍ ș ȓȖȎȍȟȒȖȑ ȕȈȌ ȚȈȘȍȓȒȖȑ ȚȍȔȕȖȑ ȔȈȓȐȕȣ
ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ țȝȖȌȐȚ ǰ ȌȍȚȐ ȔȖȓȟȈ ȍȌȧȚ ǿȈșȣ
Ȋ ȚȘȦȔȖ ȉȤȦȚ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ǪȘȍȔȧ ȖȚ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍ-
ȉȍȏ ȊșȚȈȍȚ Ȑ țȋȖȡȈȍȚ ȗȖȌȘțȋț ǶȕȈ șȈȔȈ ȕȈȗȐșȈȓȈ ȌȊȈ
ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȝ ȔȍȕȦ «ȔȈȓȐȕȈ ȊȐȕȖȋȘȈȌ ȧȉȓȖȒȐ ȠȖȒȖ-
ȓȈȌȕȣȑ ȒȘȍȔ ȈȉȘȐȒȖșȖȊȖȍ ȊȈȘȍȕȤȍ șȐȘȖȗ Ȑȏ șȔȖȘȖȌȐ-
ȕȣ ȈȘȠȈȌ» ǪȌȘțȋ ȖȕȐ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȚ șȔȍȧȚȤșȧ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ
ȕȈ șȚȈȊȕȦ ȊȏȓȍȚȍȓ ȗȈȊȓȐȕ ȒȈȒ ȉțȒȍȚ Țȍȕȍȑ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȖȕȐ ȐȌțȚ ȕȈ ȓțȎȈȑȒț Ȑ ș ȗȖȌȕȧȚȖȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ
ȊȣȚȧȕțȊ ȘțȒȐ ȐȋȘȈȦȚ Ȋ șȍȘșȖ

47
— ǷȖȑȌȍȔ ȗȖȋȓȧȌȍȚȤ ȍșȚȤ ȓȐ Ȋ ȒțȘȧȚȕȐȒȍ ȧȑȞȈ —
ȒȘȐȟȐȚ ȊȌȘțȋ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
Ǫ șȖȓȖȔȍ ȖȕȐ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȚ ȚȘȐ Țȍȗȓȣȝ ȧȑȞȈ Ȑ ȕȍșțȚ Ȑȝ
ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȍ ȚȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȐȚ ȌȖȉȘȖȌțȠȕȖ ǶȉȕȧȊȠȐșȤ ȐȌțȚ
ȖȕȐ ȗȖ ȚȍȕȐșȚȖȑ Ȉȓȓȍȍ
— Ǻȣ ȐȔȍȍȠȤ ȐȏȊȍșȚȐȧ Ȗȉ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȌȍ Ȍȍ ǼȓȖȘȈȑ"
— Ƕ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȤ șȍȉȍ — ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ dzȐȧ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȤ șȍȉȍ ǸȖȎȍȘ țȊȐȌȈȓ ȗȖȏȈȊȟȍȘȈ Ȋ ȔȖȍȑ ȚȍȚ-
ȘȈȌȒȍ șȚȐȝȐ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȌȣ
— ǿȚȖ Ȗȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ"
— Ƕȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ ȥȚȖ șȚȐȝȐ ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ Ȑ ȥȒȏȈȓȤȚȐȘȖȊȈȕ-
ȕȖȑ ȖșȖȉȣ
— ȅȚȖ Ȋșȍ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ"
— Ƕȕ ȍȡȍ ȗȘȐȉȈȊȐȓ ȚȊȖȧ ȗȖȌȘțȋȈ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȕȈ Ȍȕȧȝ Ȗȉ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȌȍ Ȍȍ ǼȓȖȘȈȑ ǵȖ
ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ ȚȊȖȧ ȗȖȌȘțȋȈ ȊȖ șȚȖ ȘȈȏ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȍȑ
șȚȐȝȖȊ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȌȣ
— ǰ ȗȖȚȖȔ"
— ǷȖȚȖȔ ȧ șȗȘȖșȐȓȈ ȍȋȖ Ȗ ȟȍȔ Țȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ
— ǰ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ"
— ǶȕȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ Ȗ șȚȈȘȖȔ șȈȌȍ
— ȅȚȖ Ȋșȍ" — șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȍȚ ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ.
— Ǫșȍ
— ǬȈ ȥȚȖ ȗȘȈȊȌȈ ȇ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ ȍȔț Ȗ șȚȈȘȖȔ șȈȌȍ
— Ƕ ȒȈȒȖȔ șȈȌȍ"
— Ƕ șȈȌȍ ©ǯȈȒȖȓȖȟȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖȔȈ».
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ"
— ȅȚȖ ȌȖȔ ȕȈ ȝȖȓȔȍ ț ǵȖȈȘȤȍ
— DzȚȖ ȚȈȔ ȎȐȊȍȚ"
— ǵȐȒȚȖ Ȗȕ ȊȍȌȤ ȏȈȒȖȓȖȟȍȕ ǵȖ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ DzȖȋȌȈ-
ȚȖ
— DzȚȖ" ǹȒȈȎȐ"
— ǩȖȓȤȕȈȧ ȐȕȖșȚȘȈȕȒȈ Ȕȕȍ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ
— ǷȖȋȓȧȌȐ ȒȈȒȈȧ ȚȖȓșȚȈȧ ȧȡȍȘȐȞȈ
— ǻ ȕȍȍ șȐȕȧȧ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȈ

48
— ǹȓȣȠȐȠȤ — ȥȒȐȗȈȎ" ȅȚȖ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ țȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȡȐȑ
ȏȈ ȔȕȖȑ Ƕ ȒȈȒ șȒȖȘȖ
— Ǵȣ țȊȐȌȐȔșȧ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȍ ǪȖȚ Ȑ
ȒȖȕȍȞ ȒȈȕȐȒțȓȈȔ
— DzȈȒ șȒțȟȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȈȧ ǰ ǸȖȎȍȘ țȍȏȎȈȍȚ
ȗȖșȓȍȏȈȊȚȘȈ ȇ ȖșȚȈȕțșȤ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȖȌȕȈ Ǻȣ Ȕȕȍ ȕȈȗȐ-
ȠȍȠȤ"
— ǬȈ Ǩ Țȣ ȚȖȎȍ"
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ
_____
dzȍȚȖ ȒȖȕȟȈȍȚșȧ ǬȕȐ ȚȖ șȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȘȍȏȒȖȔ ȊȍȚȘț
ȚȖ ȏȈșȣȗȈȦȚ ȗȖȌ ȠȖȘȖȝ ȌȖȎȌȍȑ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖșȓȍ
ȖȉȍȌȈ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȍȚ Ȑ ȗȘȐȊȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȖȒ șȊȖȑ ȋȍȘ-
ȉȈȘȐȑ DzȖȕȟȐȒȖȔ ȉțȓȈȊȒȐ ȖȕȈ ȘȈșȗȘȈȊȓȧȍȚ ȓȍȗȍșȚȒȐ
șȟȐȚȈȍȚ Ȑȝ ǪȖȚ «ȓȈȘȉȈȏȐș» ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȐȏȌȈȍȚ ȏȈȗȈȝ șȓȈȌ-
ȒȖȋȖ ȔȐȕȌȈȓȧ Ȑ ȞȊȍȚȍȚ ȕȈ ȗȖȍȔȕȣȝ ȓțȋȈȝ ǪȖȚ «Ȗșȍȕ-
ȕȐȑ ȒȘȖȒțș» Ȗȕ ȊȘȍȌȍȕ ȒȖȘȖȊȈȔ ǪȖȚ «șȖȓȕȍȟȕȈȧ ȘȖ-
șȈ» ȖȕȈ ȘȈșȚȍȚ Ȋ ȚȖȘȜȧȕȖȔ ȉȖȓȖȚȍ Ȑ ȍȍ ȓȐșȚȤȧ ȊșȍȋȌȈ
șȍȘȍȉȘȧȚșȧ ȖȚ ȘȖș ǪȖȚ «ȗȖȓȍȊȖȑ ȋȐȈȞȐȕȚ» ș ȚȍȔȕȖ-șȐ-
ȕȐȔȐ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȞȈȔȐ Ȑ ȝȘțȗȒȐȑ «ȉȓțȎȌȈȦȡȐȑ ȊȍȘȍșȒ»,
Ȑ «ȌțȠȐȞȈ» ȗȍȟȈȓȤȕȈȧ ș șȒȘȖȔȕȣȔȐ Ȑ ȌțȠȐșȚȣȔȐ
ȓȍȗȍșȚȒȈȔȐ ǪȖȚ ȓȍȟȍȉȕȣȑ «ȖȉȣȒȕȖȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȠȈȓȜȍȑ»
Ȑ «ȔȍȓȐșșȈ» — ȓȦȉȐȔȐȞȈ ȗȟȍȓ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȟȐȚȣȊȈȍȚ Ȋ șȊȖȍȑ ȉȖȚȈȕȐȒȍ ȗȘȍȌȐșȓȖȊȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ țȒȘȈ-
ȠȍȕȖ ǩȖȋȖȘȖȌȐȞȍȑ Ȋ ȞȊȍȚȈȝ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȍ șȚȐȝȐ ȕȍȐȏȊȍ-
șȚȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȥȚȈ
«ǴȍȓȐșșȣ ȞȊȍȚ ȗȘȐȧȚȍȕ Ȑ ȗȖȓȍȏȍȕ
ǾȍȓȐȚȍȓȍȕ ȌțȠȐșȚȣȑ șȖȒ
ǰ ȘȖȦ ȗȟȍȓ șȘȍȌȤ Ȋșȍȝ ȞȊȍȚȖȊ ȓȦȉȍȏȍȕ
ǹȍȑ șȈȔȣȑ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȞȊȍȚȖȒ».

ǹȒȖȘȖ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ȗȘȖșȚȐȚȤșȧ ș ȞȊȍȚȈȔȐ Ȑ ȌțȔȈȚȤ Ȗ
ȗȍȟȈȓȤȕȖȔ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȤ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȘȈșȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȍȚ Ȋ șȊȖȍȔ șțȕȌțȒȍ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȔȐȓȣȝ ȔȍȓȖȟȍȑ ǶȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȉȐȘȈȍȚ Ȋ ȓȈȘȞȍ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȗȖȌ-
Șțȋ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȕȣȍ ȏȈ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȕȐȒțȓ ǶȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȟȐȚȣȊȈȍȚ
Ȑȝ ǪȖȚ ȗȐșȤȔȖ ȖȚ ȥȚȖȑ ȟțȌȈȟȒȐ ǪȐȒȚȖȘȐȐ Ȍ
ȅȚȘȍȔȖȕ
ǹ ȔȕȖȎȍșȚȊȖȔ ȖȉȘȈȡȍȕȐȑ «ȔȖȧ ȌȖȘȖȋȈȧ» Ȑ ȊȖșȒȓȐ-
ȞȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȏȕȈȒȖȊ ȖȕȈ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȎȍȕȐȝ ȍȍ
șȚȈȘȠȍȑ șȍșȚȘȣ ȕȈ ȗȐȒȕȐȒȍ țȗȈȓ Ȋ ȊȖȌț ȟȚȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ Ȋ
ȒȈȘȔȈȕȈȝ Ȑ șȈȗȖȋȈȝ ȖșȚȈȓȈșȤ ȚȐȕȈ ȟȚȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ȒȖșȚȦȔȈ ȗȍȘȍȖȌȍȚȤșȧ ȟȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȖȔȐȟȕȖ ȕȈ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖȔ
ȗțȚȐ ȒȈȒ șȍșȚȘȈ ȅȌȔȖȕȌȈ ȝȕȣȒȈȓȈ Ȑ ȊȣȚȐȘȈȓȈ șȊȖȍȋȖ
ȅȎȍȕȈ ȕȖșȖȊȣȔ ȗȓȈȚȒȖȔ ǪȖȚ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ǩȓȈȕȠ Ȍȍ ǷȍȘ-
șȐȊȈȓȤ ȖȕȈ ȎȈȓțȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓȈ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȗȐ-
șȤȔȈ ȖȚ Ȑȝ Ȗȉȡȍȑ ȗȖȌȘțȋȐ ǹȐȓȤȊȐȐ dzȈȉțȓȍ. «ǵȍȉȓȈȋȖ-
ȌȈȘȕȈȧ» — ȚȈȒ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȈȍȚ ǩȓȈȕȠ ǿȚȖ ȒȈșȈȍȚșȧ ǸȖȏȣ
Ȍȍ dzȐȔȍȘȍȑ — ȖȕȈ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȟȐȚȈȍȚ «ǿȚȖ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȘȐȊȍȓȖ Ȋ
ȊȖșȚȖȘȋ ȥȚȖ ȐșȚȖȘȐȧ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȔȖȓȖȌȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ șȖȟȐ-
ȕȍȕȐȍ ȋȖșȗȖȎȐ ǬȍȘȊȈȓȤ
 ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȐ ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ
— țȉȐȚȖȋȖ Ƕȕ ȖȌȍȓșȧ ȗȈȓȈȟȖȔ Ȑ ȕȈȠȍȓ șȊȖȦ ȕȍȊȍșȚț Ȋ
ȚȍȔȕȐȞȍ»…
ǪȌȘțȋ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȔȖȘȡȐȚ ȓȖȉ ǶȕȈ ȏȈȉȣȓȈ Ȋ
șȊȖȍȔ șȈȠȍ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ ǩȣșȚȘȖ ȐȌȍȚ ȖȕȈ Ȓ
ȠȒȈȗț ȊȣȕȐȔȈȍȚ ȌȊȈ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȒȓȈȌȍȚ Ȑȝ șȘȍȌȐ ȗȖșȓȈ-
ȕȐȑ ȗȖȌȘțȋ ȏȈȗȐȘȈȍȚ ȓȈȘȍȞ Ȑ ȗȘȧȟȍȚ ȒȓȦȟȐȒ ȔȍȎ ȗȖȌ-
ȒȓȈȌȒȐ șȊȖȍȑ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘșȒȖȑ ȕȈȒȐȌȒȐ

50
V
ǫȘțșȚȤ ȖȒȚȧȉȘȤșȒȖȋȖ ȊȍȚȘȈ ȊȖȓȕțȍȚ ȗȓȈȚȈȕȣ ȘȍȒȘȍȈ-
ȞȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȖȘȈ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚ ȝȖȓȖȌȕțȦ Ȑ ȘȍȏȒțȦ ȗȣȓȤ
ǺȖȕȒȈȧ șȚȘțȧ ȜȖȕȚȈȕȈ ȒȈȎȌțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț ȘȈȏȉȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ
ȊȍȚȘț ǯȈȊȚȘȈȒ ȒȖȕȟȐȓșȧ Ȑ ș ȏȍȔȓȐ ȊȏȓȍȚȈȦȚ ȉțȔȈȎȒȐ
ȖȚ ȗȐȘȖȎȕȣȝ ȧȉȓȖȒ Ȑ ȈȗȍȓȤșȐȕȖȊ ȅȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ șȈȔȣȝ
ȖȎȐȊȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȐȋȘ ǴȍȓȤȒȈȦȚ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ ȗȓȈȚȤȧ ȊȖșȗȐȚȈȕ-
ȕȐȞ ǵȍȔȕȖȋȐȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȖȋțȓȐȊȈȦȚșȧ ȗȈȘȈȔȐ ȚȈȐȕșȚ-
ȊȍȕȕȖ ȉȍșȍȌțȧ Ȗ ȟȍȔ-ȚȖ
— dzȐȧ Ǻȣ ȗȖȗȈȓȈșȤ ȐȓȐ ȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȐȋȘȈȦ
—    ǵȍȚ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Țȣ
— ǫȌȍ e? Ǻȣ șȚȍȘȓȈ ȟȍȘȚț
— ǵȍ ȒȘȐȟȐ ȚȈȒ
— ȇ Țȍȉȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȦ
— Ǩȑ DzȈȒ ȧ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ șȌȍȓȈȓȈ! ǬȈ DzȖȓȍȕȖ
— Ȑ ȗȖȚȖȔ — ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȖȌȕȈ Ȑȏ șȚȍȗȍȕȕȖ ȋț-
ȓȧȦȡȐȝ — Ȑ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȗȘȐȠȓȐ Ȋ ȚȘȈȗȍȏȕțȦ
Ȋșȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ ȔȈȓȖ Ȑ ȋȖȓȖșȖȔ ȝȘȐȗ-
ȓȣȔ ǶȕȐ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ Ȑȏ ǷȈȓȍșȚȐȕȣ ǰ
ȌȍȊȐȞȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȗȘȐșȓțȎȐȊȈȓȈ țȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȗȖȌ șȚȖȓȖȔ
ȒȘȈșȕȣȑ șȈȗȖȋ ǰ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȊȌȘțȋ
— ǩțȓȈȊȒȈ ȗȖȗȈȓȈ Ȋ ȔȧȟȐȒ
— Ǩȑ Ǩȑ
— DzȈȒȈȧ Țȣ ȌțȘȈ ǭșȓȐ Țȣ ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȚȈȒ ȒȘȐȟȈȚȤ ȧ ȕȍ
ȐȋȘȈȦ
ǪȍȚȍȘ Ȋșȍ ȊȖȍȚ Ȋ ȖȚȟȈȧȕȐȐ ǪȖȘȖȉȤȐ ȕȈȝȖȝȓȐȊȠȐșȤ
ȖȚ ȝȖȓȖȌȈ ȒțȗȈȦȚșȧ Ȋ ȗȣȓȐ ȗțȋȓȐȊȣȍ țȓȍȚȈȦȚ țȕȖșȧ
ȒȘȖȠȒȐ ȝȓȍȉȈ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ șȐȌȐȚ ȖȌȕȈ ȕȈ șȒȈȔȤȍ ǺȘȐ Ȍȕȧ ȍȍ
ȔțȟȈȚ ȖșȚȘȣȍ ȉȖȓȐ Ȋ ȉȖȒȈȝ Ȋ ȋȘțȌȐ Ȑ Ȋ ȏȈȚȣȓȒȍ ǶȕȈ
șȎȐȔȈȍȚ ȏțȉȣ Ȑ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ ȔțȟȍȕȐȐ ȖȚȚȖȋȖ

51
ȓȐ ȟȚȖ șȓțȠȈȚȤ țȚȍȠȍȕȐȧ ȍȑ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȖȚȚȖȋȖ
ȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȉȍȏțȔȕȈȧ ȔȣșȓȤ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȓȈ Ȋ ȍȍ ȘȈșșȚȘȖȍȕȕȖȍ
ȊȖȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ǰȏȘȍȌȒȈ ȚȐȝȐȑ șȚȖȕ — ȊȖȚ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ǶȕȈ șȐ-
ȌȐȚ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈ șȒȈȔȤȍ ș ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕȣ ȏȈȊȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ
Ȋ ȟȍȘȕțȦ ȕȈȒȐȌȒț ȟțȚȤ ȌȘȖȎȈ ȖȚ ȎȈȘȈ ǶȕȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ
ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ ȗȖȌȘțȋȈȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȧ ȘȈșșȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȦȚ
ȍȍ ȕȐȒȖȔț ȌȈȎȍ șȊȖȍȑ ȓȦȉȐȔȖȑ dzȐȐ
ǵȖ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȕȍ țȌȐȊȓȧȦȚșȧ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȦ DzȓȈȘȣ ȏȕȈȧ
ȍȍ ȔȕȖȋȐȍ șȚȘȈȕȕȖșȚȐ ǸȧȌȖȔ ȒȖȘȏȐȕȒȈ ș ȊȐȕȖȋȘȈȌȖȔ
ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ țȓȖȎȍȕȕȣȔ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȖȑ ǴȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȕȍșȓȈ ȍȍ
ȊȟȍȘȈ ȕȖ DzȓȈȘȈ ȕȍ ȌȖȚȘȖȕțȓȈșȤ ȌȖ ȓȈȒȖȔșȚȊȈ ǶȕȈ ȕȍ-
ȓȦȌȐȔȈ ȒȈȒ ȉȖȓȤȕȖȑ ȏȊȍȘȍȕȣȠ
ǶȕȈ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȟȐȒ ȏȖȊȍȚ
Ȋșȍȝ Ȋ ȒȓȈșș
— ǬȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȗȘȖȝȖ-
ȌȧȡȈȧ ȕȈșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤȕȐȞȈ — ȍșȓȐ Ȋȣ ȉȖȓȤȕȣ ȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ șȍ-
ȉȧ ȗȍȘȍțȚȖȔȓȧȚȤ Ǫȣ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖ țȟȐȓȐșȤ ȕȖ ȏȈ
ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȌȕȐ Ȋșȍ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȦȚ Ȋ ȊȈș ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕț Ǫȣ ȉȖȓȤ-
ȕȣ"— ȇ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ țșȚȈȓȈ ǵȖ ȥȚȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ
— Ǫ ȚȈȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ Ȋȣ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȣ ȖȚ ȊșȧȒȐȝ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȑ
ȇ ȕȈșȚȈȐȊȈȦ ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȋȣ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȖȚȌȖȝȕțȓȐ ǹȓȈȊȈ ǩȖȋț
Ȋȣ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȌȈȓȐ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊ ȊȈȠȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȓȍȎȈ-
ȕȐȧ ǭșȓȐ Ȋȣ ȟțȊșȚȊțȍȚȍ șȍȉȧ ȕȍ ȚȈȒ ȗȓȖȝȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȓȍȟȤ
Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȕȐȞț ȖșȚȈȊȈȑȚȍșȤ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȖ ȕȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȑȚȍ ȇ ȌȈ-
Ȏȍ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȈȦ ȊȈȔ ȒȈȒ ȐșȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖȍ ȟȚȍ-
ȕȐȍ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ șȚțȗȈȑȚȍ ȌȐȚȧ ȔȖȍ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȒȓȈșș ȋȌȍ ȍȍ ȗȖȌȘțȋȐ țȎ
ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȚ. ǫțșȐȕȣȍ ȗȍȘȤȧ șȒȘȐȗȧȚ ȕȈ ȚȍȚȘȈȌȒȈȝ ȚȡȈ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȊȗȘȈȊȖ ǬȍȊȖȟȒȐ ȗȐȠțȚ șȒȓȖȕȐȊ
ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈ ȗȘȈȊȖȍ ȗȓȍȟȖ Ȑ ȊȣșțȕțȊ ȒȖȕȟȐȒ ȧȏȣȒȈ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚ ȒȘȣȠȒț ȗȈȘȚȣ Ȑ ȌȖȓȋȖ
ȌȍȘȎȐȚ ȍȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȖȑ ȗȖȌșȚȈȊȐȊ ȓȐȕȍȑȒț ǰȏ-ȗȖȌ ȒȕȐȋ
ȊȣȚȈșȒȐȊȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ ȗȐșȤȔȖ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ Ȑ ș ȓȐȞȖȔ ȖȚț-
ȗȍȊȠȐȔ ȖȚ ȔțȒȐ ȗȍȘȍȟȐȚȣȊȈȍȚ Ȋ șȖȚȣȑ ȘȈȏ ȒȖȕȍȞ

52
«ǬȈ ȧ ȖșȚȈȦșȤ ȖȌȐȕȖȒȐȔ ȕȈ șȍȑ ȏȍȔȓȍ ș ȘȈșȒȈȧ-
ȕȤȍȔ Ȑ ȚȖȔȓȍȕȤȧȔȐ ȐȉȖ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ Ȋȣ ȔȖȍȔț ȖȌȐȕȖ-
ȟȍșȚȊț ȌȈȎȍ ȋȘțșȚȕȖȋȖ ȗȓȖȌȈ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȖȉȢȧȚȐȑ»...
Ƕ șȚȘȈȠȕȈȧ ȔȣșȓȤ ȚȘȐ Ȍȕȧ țȎ ȗȣȚȈȍȚ ȌȍȚșȒȖȍ șȍȘȌ-
Ȟȍ ȇ ȉȍȘȍȔȍȕȕȈ ȧ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȚȤ ȉȍȘȍȔȍȕȕȖȑ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ
ȖȕȈ șȍȉȍ ȚȘȍȚȤȍȋȖ Ȍȕȧ ȗȍȘȍȟȐȚȣȊȈȧ ȥȚȖ ȗȐșȤȔȖ ǰ șȍȑ-
ȟȈș ȖȕȈ țȗȖȘȕȖ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȍȚ ȥȚȖ ǶȕȈ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȕȍ-
ȊȘȈȓȋȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȉȖȓȐ Ȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȔȣșȓȤ ȉȍȏȔȍȘȕȈȧ ȧȊȐȓȈșȤ
«ȋȘțșȚȕȖȋȖ ȗȓȖȌȈ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȖȉȢȧȚȐȑ».
ǺȖȋȌȈ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ șȍȉȍ DzȓȈȘȈ ȖȚ ȖȉȢȧȚȐȑ ȘȖȎȌȈȦȚșȧ
ȌȍȚȐ ȅȚȖ ȖȚ ȖȉȢȧȚȐȑ șȚȈȓȈ ȉȍȘȍȔȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȍșȟȈșȚȕȈȧ dzȈț-
ȘȈ" Ǩȝ ǭșȓȐ ȉ ȧ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȥȚȖ
DzȈȒȖȍ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȖȍ ȉȍȏțȔȤȍ ȖȊȓȈȌȍȓȖ ȔȖȍȑ ȌțȠȖȑ ȒȖ-
ȋȌȈ ȧ șȚȘȈșȚȕȖ ȖȉȕȧȓȈ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ"
ǬȈ ȕȖ ȊȍȌȤ ȗȈȗȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ȟȈșȚȖ ȖȉȕȐȔȈȓ ǵȖ ȒȖȕȍȟ-
ȕȖ ǩȖȋ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȌȍȚȍȑ ȕȐ ȖȚ ȖȚȞȈ ȕȐ ȖȚ ȉȘȈ-
ȚȍȊ Ǩ ȖȚ ȒțȏȍȕȖȊ" ǪȍȌȤ ȏȈ ȕȐȝ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȊȣȑȚȐ ȏȈȔțȎ
ǯȕȈȟȐȚ...
_____
ǹ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȍȕȧ ȕȈȟȈȓȈșȤ Ȍȓȧ DzȓȈȘȣ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȈȧ ȈȋȖ-
ȕȐȧ ǹȚȖȓȤ ȊȍȓȐȒȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȍ ȕȍȊȍȌȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȎȍ șȈȔȣȍ
ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȣȍ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ ȕȍ ȘȈȏțȉȍȎȌȈȓȐ ȍȍ ǴȈȚȤ
ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȓȈ Ȓ ȕȍȑ ȗȘȖȉȖȊȈȓȈ ȘȈșșȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȚȤ Ȗ ȉȖȓȍȏȕȐ
ȕȖ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȗȘȖȊȍȓȈ ȌȖȔȈ ȌȍșȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ,
ȕȖ ȎȐȏȕȍȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖșȚȤ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȓȈșȤ Ȓ ȕȍȑ ǶȕȈ ȌȈȎȍ
ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȗȘȖșȐȚșȧ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖ Ȋ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȤ ǩȖȓȤȕȈȧ ȉȘȖ-
ȌȐȓȈ ȖȌȕȈ ȗȖ ȟȍȘȌȈȒȈȔ ȋȌȍ ȐȋȘȈȓȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ Ȋ ȌȍȚșȚȊȍ
ǻ ȖȚȞȈ ȒȖȗȖȠȐȓȈșȤ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȔȣșȓȤ Ȗ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȔ ȉȍȏțȔȐȐ
ȔȕȖȋȐȝ Ȑȏ ȘȖȌȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȖ Ȗȕ șȚȈȘȈȓșȧ ȖȚȌȍȓȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚ
ȥȚȐȝ ȌȖȋȈȌȖȒ

53
ǻȕȣȓȈȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ ȖȌȕȈ ȉȘȖȌȐȚ ȗȖ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȔ ȒȖȘȐ-
ȌȖȘȈȔ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȧ ȒțȌȈ ȖȕȈ șȕȖȊȈ ȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ Ǫ ȎȈȘț Ȑ
Ȋ ȚȖșȒȍ ȖȕȈ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȓȈ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȕȍȊȘȈȓȋȐȟȍș-
ȒȐȍ ȉȖȓȐ
ǸȈȏ ȕȖȟȤȦ ȍȑ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȔȓȈȌȍȕȍȞ ȠȍȊȍȓȐȚșȧ
Ȋ ȍȍ ȌȍȊȐȟȤȍȔ ȎȐȊȖȚȍ ǪșȒȖȟȐȊ ș ȒȘȖȊȈȚȐ ȖȕȈ șȘȈȏț
ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓȈ ȋȖȓȖș ȋȖȊȖȘȐȊȠȐȑ ȍȑ ȊȖ șȕȍ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ Ȋ țȚ-
ȘȖ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȑ ȖȝȖȚȣ «ǪȖȚ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȚ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȚȊȖȍȑ ȉȍȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȕȖșȚȐ» ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȍȘȍȎȍȕȐȍ,
ȗȖȌțȔȈȓȈ ȖȕȈ Ǩ ȧ ȇ ȕȍ ȗȖșȓțȠȈȓȈșȤ Ǫșȍ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȕȖ
Ǫșȍ ȒȖȕȟȍȕȖ Ƕ ȏȈȟȍȔ ȧ ȘȖȌȐȓȈșȤ ȏȈȟȍȔ ȧ ȕȍ ȎȐȊȖȚȕȖȍ,
ȕȍ ȉȍȌȕȈȧ ȚȊȈȘȤ ȒȈȒ ǸȖȉȐȕȏȖȕ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȋȘȣȏȍȚ ȒȖșȚȤ
ȕȈ șȖȓȕȣȠȒȍ ǺȖȋȌȈ ȉȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ Ȋ ȗȖȒȖȍ
ǿȈșȚȖ ȔȣșȓȐ DzȓȈȘȣ ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȦȚșȧ ȕȈ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȍ
ȘȖȎȌȍȕȕȖȔ ȍȍ ȗȍȟȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȕȍȊȐȕȕȖșȚȤȦ Ǩȝ ȖȕȈ țȎȍ
ȓȦȉȐȚ ȍȋȖ ȅȚȖ ȍȋȖ șȣȕ șȣȕ ȓȦȉȐȔȖȋȖ ǿȚȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ ȉȣ
ǸȖȎȍȘ ȍșȓȐ ȉ Ȗȕ ȏȕȈȓ ȖȉȖ ȊșȍȔ" ǵȈȗȐșȈȚȤ ȍȔț" Ƕ ȕȍȚ
DzȈȒȖȑ ȗȖȏȖȘ ǵȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ țȏȕȈȍȚ șȚȘȈȠȕțȦ ȗȘȈȊȌț —
ȉțȌȍȚ ȓȐ ȌțȥȓȤ ȒȈȒ ȔȍȎȌț ȌȧȌȍȑ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȖȔ Ȑ ȉȘȈȚȖȔ
dzȈțȘȣ" ǸȖȎȍȘ — ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȐȚ ȓȐ Ȗȕ" ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȗȕ Ȗșȓȍ-
ȗȐȚ ȗȈȗȖȟȒț" ǰ ȚȖȋȌȈ" ǵȍȚ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ țȎȈș-
ȕȖ
ǰ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȒȖȠȔȈȘ ȒȈȎȌțȦ ȕȖȟȤ ȕȖȊȈȧ
șȔȍȘȚȤ ǬȈȎȍ Ȑ ȕȍ șȔȍȘȚȤ Ȉ ȕȍȟȚȖ ȉȖȓȍȍ țȎȈșȕȖȍ ȟȍȔ
ȎȐȏȕȤ
ǸȈȏ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ Ȑ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȍȌțȚ ȊȔȍșȚȍ Ȋ ȔȖȕȈș-
ȚȣȘȤ ȕȈȊȍșȚȐȚ ȌȖȟȍȘȍȑ ǶȕȐ ȗȘȐȉȍȋȈȦȚ — ȖȌȕȈ ȏȈȟȈȝ-
ȠȈȧ ȉȓȍȌȕȈȧ ȌȘțȋȈȧ — ȏȌȖȘȖȊȈȧ Ȑ ȊȍșȍȓȈȧ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȍȚ-
ȊȍȘȚ ȟȈșȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ ȖȚȖșȓȈȊ dzȐȦ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȍȚ-
șȧ Ȓ DzȓȈȘȍ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
— Ǫȣ ȉȖȓȤȕȣ ȌȐȚȧ" ǹȒȈȎȐȚȍ" ǿȍȔ Ȋȣ șȚȘȈȌȈȍȚȍ"
Ƕ ȒȈȒ ȝȖȚȍȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȍȑ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ șȊȖȍȔ ȗȘȍșȚțȗ-
ȓȍȕȐȐ ǵȖ șȚȣȌ țȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȍȚ ȍȍ ǷȍȘȍȌ ȌȘțȋȐȔ ȊȘȈȟȖȔ
ȉȣȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ Ȋ șȓȍȏȈȝ ȗȖȊȐȕȐȓȈșȤ ȉȣ ȖȕȈ Ȋ șȊȖȍȑ ȕȍșț-
ȡȍșȚȊțȦȡȍȑ ȊȐȕȍ ǵȖ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȕȍȚ ǵȐȒȖȋȌȈ ǷȍȘȍȌ

54
ȖȚȞȖȔ ǸȖȎȍȘȈ ǸȖȎȍȘ ȕȍ ȊȐȕȖȊȈȚ ǶȕȈ ȖȌȕȈ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ
ȏȈ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖȍ ǵȍȗȘȍȖȌȖȓȐȔȣȑ șȚȣȌ țȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȍȚ ȍȍ
ǶȕȈ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ 
— ȇ ȕȍ șȚȘȈȌȈȦ ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȓȐȝȖȘȈȌȒȈ
ǴțȎȟȐȕȣ țȝȖȌȧȚ ǯȈ ȖȋȘȈȌȖȑ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȧ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ
Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȍȚ Ȑ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ
— ǻșȗȖȒȖȑȚȍșȤ ȔȖȑ ȉȍȌȕȣȑ ȌȘțȋ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȌȐȕ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ — ț ȌȍȊțȠȍȒ ȉȣȊȈȦȚ ȕȍȘȊȕȣȍ ȏȈȉȖȓȍȊȈ-
ȕȐȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȐșȟȍȏȈȦȚ Ȏȍ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȧȊȓȧȦȚ-
șȧ ȇ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȖȗȈșȕȖ« ǬȍȊȖȟȒȈ ȖȕȈ șȐȓȤȕȈȧ
ȘȖȌȐȚȍȓȐ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȣȍ ȇ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȟȚȖȉ Ȋ șȍȔȤȍ
Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȓȐ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȍȘȊȕȣȍ ȉȖȓȤȕȣȍ
ǷȘȐ ȥȚȐȝ șȓȖȊȈȝ ȉȍșșȖȏȕȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȎȍșȚȖȒȐȝ ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȌȐȕ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȍșȤ ȗȍȘȍȌȍȘȋȐȊȈȍȚșȧ
— ǴȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗȕ
ǰ ȏȈȔȖȓȒȈȍȚ ȕȍ șȌȍȓȈȊ țȎȈșȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȕȐȧ
— ǬȍȊȖȟȒȈ ȗȘȖșȚȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȕȍȘȊȕȈ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȍȚ ȋȖș-
ȗȖȌȐȕ ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ — ȕȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȖȗȈșȕȖȋȖ
DzȓȈȘț Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȏȈȉȖȚȓȐȊȖ ȓȍȟȈȚ Ǫ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȍ ȋȌȍ
ȖȕȈ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȓȦȉȐȔȐȞȍȑ ȍȑ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȦȚ ȕȐ Ȋ
ȟȍȔ ǿȚȖȉ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȉțȎȌȈȚȤ ȍȍ ȌțȝȖȊȕȐȒ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȓ ȍȍ ȖȚ
Ȋșȍȝ ȘȍȓȐȋȐȖȏȕȣȝ ȖȉȧȏȈȕȕȖșȚȍȑ ǪȖșȒȘȍșȕȈȧ șȓțȎȉȈ —
Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ǶȕȈ ȕȍ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȒȈȎȌȣȍ ȌȊȍ ȕȍȌȍȓȐ Ȑș-
ȗȖȊȍȌȣȊȈȚȤșȧ ǹȚȈȘȣȑ șȊȧȡȍȕȕȐȒ ȏȕȈȓ ȌțȠț ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ
Ȑ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ șȒȖȓȤ ȔțȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȔ
șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȟȈș ȐșȗȖȊȍȌȐ
ǵȖ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȊȚȈȑȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȌȖȊȈȊȠȈȧ-
șȧ ȥȚȖȔț ȗȖȚȖȔ ȏȈȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȓȈșȤ
ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȔȖȐ ȕȈȔȍȘȍȕȐȧ șȚȖȓȤ țȎȈșȕȣ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȕȍ ȔȖ-
ȋț Ȑȝ ȗȖȊȍȌȈȚȤ ȌȈȎȍ ȌțȝȖȊȕȐȒț"
ǷȣȚȒȐ ȊȖȏȖȉȕȖȊȓȧȓȐșȤ ȐȓȐ ȊȍȘȕȍȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȡȈ-
ȓȐșȤ ǭȑ ȟȈșȚȖ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ șȐȌȐȚ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȖȌȞȍ ț ȏȈ-
ȒȖȓȖȟȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖȔȈ ȟȚȖ ȗȈȊȓȐȕȣ ȊȐșȧȚ ȕȈȌ ȕȍȦ Ȑ șȖȓȕ-
Ȟȍ ȎȎȍȚ ȋȖȓȖȊț

55
— Ƕȕ ȘȖȌȐȚșȧ ȋȖȓȣȔ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȖȕȈ șȈȔȈ șȍȉȍ — ǻ
ȔȓȈȌȍȕȞȈ ǽȘȐșȚȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȝȖȚȤ șȖȓȖȔȈ
ǰ Ȋ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȒ ȕȍȎȕȖ ȌțȔȈȍȚ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȗ ȘȖȎȌȍȕȕȖȔ
ǴȓȈȌȍȕȞȍ Ȋ ȍȍ ȌțȠȍ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚșȧ ȋȓțȝȈȧ ȏȓȖȉȈ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ
ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ — Ƕȕ ȕȍȌȖȉȘȣȑ — ȊȖșȒȓȐȞȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ ǰ ȚȖȚȟȈș
ȐșȗțȋȈȕȕȈȧ șȊȖȐȔ ȉȖȋȖȝțȓȤșȚȊȖȔ șȔȐȘȧȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȌȖȓȋȖ
ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ
ǶȌȕȖ ȗȖșȍȡȍȕȐȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȚȧȎȒȖ ȍȑ — ȍȍ șȚȈȘȖȋȖ
ȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȧ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕȈ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ Ƕȕ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ ȕȈȊȍșȚȐȚȤ
ȉȖȓȤȕțȦ ȌȍȊțȠȒț Ƕȕ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȗȘȐȍȔȕțȦ ȏȈȓț ș ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ ȒȖȘȏȐȕȖȑ ȒȐȏȐȓȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ DzȓȈȘȈ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȚȈȒ ȓȦ-
ȉȐȓȈ ǸȈșȚȘȖȋȈȕȕȈȧ DzȓȈȘȈ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ ǺȖȋȌȈ șȚȈȘȣȑ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ,
șȈȔ ȗȖȚȘȧșȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȚȧȋȐȊȈȍȚ ȍȑ ȘțȒȐ ȎȍȓȈȧ ȗȘȐȓȈ-
șȒȈȚȤ ȌȐȚȧ Ȑ țșȗȖȒȖȐȚȤ.
ǵȖ ȊȌȘțȋ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊșȚȈȍȚ ș ȕȈȝȔțȘȍȕȕȣȔȐ
ȉȘȖȊȧȔȐ ș șțȘȖȊȣȔ ȊȏȋȓȧȌȖȔ Ȑ ȒȘȐȟȐȚ
— ǵȍ șȔȍȑȚȍ ȖȉȕȐȔȈȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ — ȒȘȐȟȐȚ ȖȕȈ —
ǮȈȓȒȐȑ! Ǫȣ ȝȖȚȐȚȍ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȉȍșȟȍșȚȐȚȤ.
_____
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ȍ
ǨșȚȍȕ ȕȍ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȓ ȘȖȌȐȚȍȓȧȔ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚ-
ȕȖȑ ȜȘȈȏȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȗȖ ȍȋȖ ȔȕȍȕȐȦ ȉȣȓȈ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȍȓȤ-
șȚȊȖȔ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȋȖ ȉȍȏțȔȐȧ ǵȖ ȕȍ ȖȉȢȧșȕȧȧ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ Ȗȕ
ȕȈșȚȖȧȓ ȟȚȖȉ ȌȍȊțȠȒț ȗȍȘȍȊȍȏȓȐ Ȑȏ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȧ ȌȖȔȖȑ
ǿȈșȚȖ ȗȖșȓȍ ȖȉȍȌȈ Ȋ ǩȈȓȈȕșȍȕ ȗȘȐȍȏȎȈȍȚ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ
ǼȖȠȍȘȍȏ Ƕȕ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ șȚȈȘȈȍȚșȧ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȒȖȘȕȐ ȕȍȗȖ-
ȕȧȚȕȖȋȖ ȏȈȉȖȓȍȊȈȕȐȧ DzȓȈȘȣ
ǻȎ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȓȈ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȘȈȚ-
ȒȖ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȍȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȍȍ Ȗ ȟȍȔ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȦȚ ǶȕȈ
ȊșȚȈȍȚ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖ Ȑ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑ ȘȈȕȕȐȔ
țȚȘȖȔ ȐȌȍȚ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȧșȤ ț ȔȖȋȐ-
ȓȣ dzȈțȘȣ ǸȖȏȖȊȣȍ ȉȍȓȓȈȌȖȕȕȣ ȖȚȞȊȍȓȐ Ȑȝ șȔȍȕȐȓȐ
ȋȘțșȚȕȣȍ ȕȈșȚțȘȞȐȐ șȘȍȌȤ șțȝȐȝ ȓȐșȚȤȍȊ Ȑ șȕȍȋȈ ǶȕȈ

56
ȒȈȠȓȧȍȚ ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȐșȚȧȏțȧ șȍȉȧ ȗȘȖșȚȖȧȓȈ ȕȈ
ȒȖȓȍȕȧȝ Ȋșȍ țȚȘȖ șȘȍȌȤ ȏȈȐȕȌȍȊȍȊȠȍȑ ȚȘȈȊȣ ǵȍȚ șȓȖȊ,
ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȤ ȍȍ ȔțȟȍȕȐȧ ǻșȚȈȓȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȉȍȏȘȈȏȓȐȟȐȍ
ȒȖ ȊșȍȔț țșȚțȗȈȦȚ ȔȍșȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȎȍșȚȖȒȐȔ ȊșȗȣȠȒȈȔ
ȘȈșȒȈȧȕȐȧ ǻȋȘȣȏȍȕȐȧ șȖȊȍșȚȐ șȓȍȗȧȚ ȍȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȕȍȖȚ-
șȚțȗȕȖ ȎțȎȎȈȚ Ȋ țȠȈȝ ǵȖȟȤȦ ȋȈȓȓȦȞȐȕȈȞȐȐ ȗȘȍșȓȍ-
ȌțȦȚ ȍȍ ȋȖȓȖșȈ ȒȘȐȟȈȚ Ȗ ȉȍȘȍȔȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȉȖȓȐ ȘȈȏȘȣ-
ȊȈȦȚ Ȋșȍ ȚȍȓȖ Ȑ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȊșȚȈȦȚ ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȚȍȕȐ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȕȖȟȍȑ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȍ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȤșȧ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȗȘȐȕȖșȐȚ ȍȑ ȏȈȊȚȘȈȒ ǵȖ Ȑȏ-
ȔțȟȍȕȕȈȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ Ȋ ȘȈȏȌȘȈȎȍȕȐȐ ȗȘȖȋȖȕȧȍȚ șȚȈȘțȦ
șȓțȎȈȕȒț ǺȖȋȌȈ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȍȚ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎ-
ȕȖ țȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ DzȓȈȘț ȊȣȗȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȖ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ.
ǩȍȌȕȈȧ ȔȈȚȤ țȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ șȊȖȦ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț Ȑ ȚȈȔ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȗȓȈ-
ȟȍȚ
VI
Ǫ ȧșȕȖȍ țȚȘȖ ȔȈȘȚȈ țȔȍȘȓȈ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ǵȍȉȖ
ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȗȍȘȓȈȔțȚȘ ȕȍȊȖȏȔțȚȐȔȣȝ ȊȖȌ
ǶȉȓȈȒȈ ȓȍȋȒȐȍ Ȑ ȘȍȌȒȐȍ ȚȈȧȓȐ ǹȖȚȕȐ ȗȚȐȞ ȗȍȓȐ ȕȈ
ȋȖȓȣȝ ȗȓȈȚȈȕȈȝ ǷȍȚțȝȐ ȗȍȘȍȒȓȐȒȈȓȐșȤ ǽȐȎȐȕȣ ȉȓȐș-
ȚȈȓȐ Ȋ ȘȖșȍ ǸȖȉȒȐȑ ȠȍȗȖȚ Ȋȍșȕȣ Ƞȍȓ ș ȍȌȊȈ ȎȍȓȚȍȦ-
ȡȐȝ ȕȐȊ Ǫ ȗȈȘȒȍ ȈȓȍȓȐ ȞȊȍȚȣ ȔȈȋȕȖȓȐȑ ȒȈȒ ȧȏȣȒȐ
ȗȓȈȔȍȕȐ ǵȈ ȓțȎȈȑȒȈȝ ȚȘȍȗȍȚȈȓȐ ȓȐșȚȐȒȐ ȈȕȍȔȖȕ
ǮȍȓȚȣȍ ȗȍȘȊȖȞȊȍȚȣ ȜȐȈȓȒȐ ȗȖȌșȕȍȎȕȐȒȐ ȓȦȚȐȒȐ
ȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ ț ȖȋȘȈȌȣ ǪȌȈȓȐ ȌȘȖȎȈȓȐ ǷȐȘȍȕȍȐ ȗȖȌȖȉ-
ȕȣȍ ȗȓȣȊțȟȐȔ ȓȤȌȐȕȈȔ ȓȈȏțȘȕȣȍ Ȑ șȕȍȋȖȊȣȍ
ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȖȠȓȈ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȌȖȟȍȘȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ
ȏȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȌȊȈ Ȍȕȧ ȖȗȘȈȊȐȊȠȈȧșȧ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȊșȚȈ-

57
ȊȈȓȈ
— DzȈȒ Țȣ șȗȈȓȈ ȔȖȍ ȌȐȚȧ"
— Ǵȕȍ ȓțȟȠȍ ȔȈȔȖȟȒȈ
— ǽȖȟȍȠȤ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ ȗȘȐȕȍșȍȚ Țȍȉȍ ȚȍȗȓȖȑ ȊȖȌȣ
ȟȚȖȉȣ țȔȣȚȤșȧ"
— ǬȈ ȔȈȔȖȟȒȈ
ǫȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȊȣȠȓȈ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȋșȧ
ȖȝȊȈȟȍȕȕȈȧ ȍȌȐȕȖȑ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȖȑ ȊșȚȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ ȗȘȍȌ
ȘȈșȗȧȚȐȍȔ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ
DzȖȋȌȈ ǫȍȘȚȘțȌȈ țȠȓȈ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ș ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ
țșȍȘȌȐȍȔ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȈșȤ ȏȈ ȚțȈȓȍȚ ǶȕȈ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȏȈȊȐȓȈ
șȊȖȐ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȍ ȓȖȒȖȕȣ Ȑ ȖȌȍȓȈșȤ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȖȏȈȉȖȟȍȕȕȈȧ
ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈ șȈȠȍ ș ȗȓȈȚȖȟȒȈȔȐ ȊȣȕțȓȈ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȌȊȈ ȗȐșȤ-
ȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ ǰȖȈȝȐȔȈ șȗȘȧȚȈȕȕȣȍ ȍȦ Ȑ șȖȎȋȓȈ Ȑȝ Ǫȏȋȓȧ-
ȕțȊ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȕȈ ȌȧȌȐȕ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ ȖȕȈ ȊȣȠȓȈ Ȑȏ șȊȖȍȑ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ Ȑ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ șȚțȗȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȚȐȠȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȈ
Ȋ ȉȐȉȓȐȖȚȍȒț ǺȈȔ Ȋ țȋȓț ȉȣȓ ȠȒȈȗ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ ȗȖȔȍșȚȐȓȈ ȌȖȔȈȠȕȦȦ ȈȗȚȍȒț ǵȈ ȒȈȎȌȖȑ
ȉțȚȣȓȒȍ ȐȓȐ ȉȈȕȒȍ ȋȖșȗȖȎȈ Ȍ
ȅȚȈȕ șȊȖȐȔ șȚȈȘȟȍșȒȐȔ
ȗȖȟȍȘȒȖȔ ȊȣȊȍȓȈ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȐȍ ȓȍȒȈȘșȚȊȈ ȥȜȐȘ ȓȈțȌȈȕ
ȓȈȊȘȖȊȣȍ ȒȈȗȓȐ ȉȈȓȤȏȈȔ Ȑ ȍȡȍ ȌȘțȋȐȍ.
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈ ȠȒȈȗ Ȑ ȊȏȧȓȈ ȓȈțȌȈȕ ȅȚȖ
ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȐȠȓȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȊȕȍȏȈȗȕȖ ǭȡȍ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ
ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ șȎȐȋȈȧ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ȌȧȌȐ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ șȖȏȕȈȊȈȓȈ ȧș-
ȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȍȑ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ǵȖ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ țȌȐȊȐȓȈșȤ șȊȖȍȔț
ȗȖșȚțȗȒț ǶȕȈ ȍȓȍ ȖȡțȡȈȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȧȡȍȍ ȒȈȒȖȍ-
ȚȖ ȖȚțȗȍȕȐȍ ȖȊȓȈȌȍȓȖ ȍȦ ǪȏȧȊ șȒȓȧȕȒț ȖȕȈ șȗȘȧȚȈȓȈ
ȍȍ ȕȈ ȋȘțȌȐ
dzȐȞȖ ȍȍ șȖȝȘȈȕȧȓȖ ȗȖȓȕȖȍ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȍ ǹȚȖȧ ț ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȋȖ ȖȒȕȈ ȉȐȉȓȐȖȚȍȒȐ ȋȓȧȌȍȓȈ ȖȕȈ ȕȈ ȚȐȝȐȑ șȈȌ ǺȈȔ
ȉȣȓ șȣȘȖȑ ȚȍȕȐșȚȣȑ țȋȖȓȖȒ ȋȌȍ ȖȕȈ ȐȋȘȈȓȈ «Ȋ șȈȌ»,
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȍȡȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ǶȕȈ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓȈ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ
ǷȖȌ ȈȒȈȞȐȧȔȐ ș ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔȐ șȚȘțȟȒȈȔȐ ȖȕȈ ȘȧȌȈȔȐ șȈ-
ȎȈȓȈ ȉțȚȖȕȣ ȘȖȏ ȗȖȓȐȊȈȓȈ Ȑȝ Ȑȏ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȑ
ȓȍȑȒȐ dzȍȑȒț ȍȑ ȗȖȌȈȘȐȓ Ȋ ȐȔȍȕȐȕȣ ȖȚȍȞ ǶȕȈ ȊșȗȖȔ-

ȕȐȓȈ șȊȖȦ ȗȘȖșȤȉț «ǴȈȔȈ șȌȍȓȈȍȔ ȌȖȎȌȤ» Ǫ ȓȍȑȒț
ȕȈȓȐȊȈȓȐ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȟȐșȚȖȑ ȊȖȌȣ ǺȖȋȌȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȈ-
ȗȍȓȤ ȗȈȌȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȧȟȐȍ ȓȍȗȍșȚȒȐ ȀȖȘȖȝ Ȋ ȒțșȚȈȝ ȗț-
ȋȈȓ ȍȍ ȖȕȈ ȉȘȖșȈȓȈ ȐȋȘțȠȒț Ȑ ȉȍȎȈȓȈ Ȓ ȉȈȉțȠȒȍ ȊȣȚȧ-
ȕțȊ ȘțȒȐ ȒȈȒ ȌȍȚȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȚ ȝȖȌȐȚ.
ȅȚȐ ȊȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȧ ȔțȟȐȓȐ DzȓȈȘț ǶȕȈ șȌȍȘȎȐȊȈ-
ȓȈșȤ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍ ȏȈȗȓȈȒȈȚȤ ǶȚȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȚȖșȒȈ ȖȊȓȈȌȍ-
ȓȐ ȍȦ ǷȖȌ ȟȍȘȕȣȔ ȗȓȈȚȤȍȔ șȎȐȔȈȓȈ ȖȕȈ șȒȓȧȕȒț ǭȍ
ȋȘțȌȤ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȝȖȓȖȌ șȚȍȒȓȈ
ǶȕȈ ȗȖȠȓȈ Ȋ ȗȈȘȒ ǵȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ȍȑ Ƞȍȓ ȖȚȍȞ ș ǸȖȉȐȕ-
ȏȖȕȖȔ ȕȈ ȖȝȖȚț ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȍȍ DzȓȈȘȈ ȏȈȔȍȌȓȐȓȈ
ȠȈȋ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȘȈȏȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȚȤ șȊȖȦ ȦȉȒț ǵȍȊȣȘȈȏȐȔȣȑ
țȎȈș ȐșȒȘȐȊȐȓ ȍȍ ȘȖȚ ǭȑ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȍȍ ȎȐȊȖȚ
șȚȈȓ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȔ ǶȕȈ ȗȖȌțȔȈȓȈ Ȗ ȔȈȚȍȘȐ Ȗ ǸȖȎȍȘȍ șȚȈ-
ȘȈȧșȤ ȖȚȖȋȕȈȚȤ ȖȚ șȍȉȧ Ȑȝ ȖȉȘȈȏȣ
ǶȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ țȎ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȔȍȎȌț șȒȓȍȗȖȔ Ȍ
ȅȓȍ-
ȉȍȏ Ȑ ȔȖȋȐȓȖȑ dzȈțȘȣ ǩȍȓȣȍ ȋȐȈȞȐȕȚȣ ȞȊȍȓȐ ȊȖȒȘțȋ
DzȓȈȘȈ șȚȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ ȊȣȕțȓȈ șȒȓȧȕȒț ȖȚȒțȗȖȘȐ-
ȓȈ ȍȍ dzȍȊȖȑ ȘțȒȖȑ ȖȕȈ ȖȉȝȊȈȚȐȓȈ ȘȍȠȍȚȒț ǯȈȒȘȣȊ
ȋȓȈȏȈ ȏȈȓȗȖȔ ȊȣȗȐȓȈ ȖȕȈ ȓȈțȌȈȕ
ǺȈȒ țȔȍȘȓȈ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ
ȅȓȍȉȍȏ Ȋ ȊȖȏȘȈșȚȍ șȍȔȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ
ȓȍȚ -ȋȖ ȔȈȘȚȈ  ȋȖȌȈ ǴȖȓȐȚȍșȤ ȏȈ ȕȍȍ

ǷȘȐȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ

Ȃ ǴǮǺǺ
ǶǵǯǾǮǻǻȉdz ǿȀǶȃǼȀǰǼǾdzǻǶȍ

61
DzȖȋȌȈ Ȍȓȧ Ȋșȍȝ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍ șȚȈȕȍȚ ȔȍȎ ȎȐȊȣȔȐ
ǹ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ȒȈȒ ȎțȒȐ ȕȈ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȋȖȓțȉȣȔȐ
ǷȘȐȌȍȠȤ ȓȐ Țȣ ȌȐȚȧ" ǩȍȏȊȍșȚȕȖȦ ȚȘȖȗȖȑ
ǷȖȑȌȍȔ ȓȐ Ȕȣ ȖȌȕȐ ȖȌȕȐ ȘțȒȈ ș ȘțȒȖȑ"
Ƕ ȧ ȕȍ ȎȌț Țȍȉȧ ȌȘȖȎȈȡȍȑ ȉȍȏ ȖȌȍȎȌȣ
dzȐȓȍȧ ȟȐșȚȈȧ ȔȍȎȌț șȚȣȌȓȐȊȣȝ ȌȍȊ
ȇ ȏȕȈȦ Țȣ ȗȘȐȌȍȠȤ șȒȓȖȕȧȧ ȘȖȉȒȖ ȊȍȎȌȣ
DzȖȘșȈȎȍȔ ȘȖȏȖȊȣȔ ȔȓȈȌțȦ ȋȘțȌȤ ȖȌȍȊ
ǰ ȌȈȎȍ ȉȘȈȚșȒȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȖȉȔȍȕȐȊ ȓȖȉȏȈȕȤȧ
ǪȌȖȓȤ ȚȍȘȕȐȑ Ȕȣ ȗȖȑȌȍȔ ȘȈșȞȊȍȚȠȐȝ Ȍȓȧ ȚȍȘȏȈȕȤȧ
ǫȌȍ ȗȈțȚȐȕ ȗȖȊȐș ȚȘȍȗȍȡțȡȐȑ ȕȈȔȍȚ
ǴȖȓȟȈȕȤȧ ȟțȚȒȖȋȖ ȊȗȐȊȈȧ ȎȈȌȕȖ ȔȍȌ
ǰ ȐȕȖȋȌȈ ȔȖȍȑ șȔțȡȍȕȕȈȧ șȓȍȏȖȦ
Ǻȣ ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȕȍȎȕȖȦ ȘțȒȖȑ ȔȖȦ șȎȐȔȈȚȤ
ǰ Ȕȣ ȊȖȓȕțȧșȤ ȒȈȒ șȐȘȍȕȐ ȗȖȌ ȋȘȖȏȖȦ
ǵȍ ȉțȌȍȔ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȚȤ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȔ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȚȤ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ǨȕȕȍȕșȒȖȋȖ

62
ǨdzȄǴǨǵǨǽ
DzȖȘȏȐȕȒț ș ȧȑȞȈȔȐ ȖșȚȈȊȐȊ Ȋ ȈȓȤȔȈȕȈȝ
ǫȓȧȌȐȚ ȘȍȉȍȕȖȒ ȚȈȔ ȗȘȍȌșȒȈȏȈȕȈ ȗȖȋȖȌȈ
ǹȊȧȚȣȍ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȣ Ȑ ȏȕȈȒȐ ȕȍȉȖșȊȖȌȈ
ǰșȟȐșȓȍȕȣ ǶȊȍȕ ǺȍȓȍȞ dzȍȊ Ǹȣȉȣ ǸȈȒ
ǷȘȖșȚțȠȒȈ ȉȍȌȕȈȧ ȗȍȘȍȓȐșȚȈȊ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȒȐ
ǴȍȟȚȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȊȊȍȘȝț ȋȌȍ ȏȊȍȏȌȣ ȚȈȒ ȉȓȍșȚȧȚ
DzȈȒ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ ȊȕȐȏț ȍșȚȤ ȗȘȈȏȌȕȐȟȕȣȍ ȘȣȕȒȐ,
ǫȌȍ ȗȘȖȌȈȦȚ ȖȊȍȞ Șȣȉ ȘȈȒȖȊ Ȑ ȧȋȕȧȚ
ǰ ȘȣȕȒȈ ȉȖȎȤȍȋȖ ȊșȚȈȍȚ ȗȘȍȌ ȕȍȑ ȊȐȌȍȕȤȍ
ǰ ȌțȔȈȍȚ ȖȕȈ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȏȕȈȒ ǪȍșȖȊ
ǿȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȕȈ ȕȍȉȍșȈȝ ȒȈȒ ȏȌȍșȤ ț ȔȧșȕȐȒȖȊ
Ǫȍșȣ ȟȚȖȉ ȊȏȊȍȠȐȊȈȚȤ șȖȓȤ șȣȘ Ȑ ȗȘȍȋȘȍȠȍȕȤȧ
ǷȍȘ Ǫ ǩȘȦșȖȊȈ

63
ǯǭǪǨDzǰ
ǷȘȖȌȍȓȣȊȈȓȐ ȖȗȣȚȣ ȏȍȊȈȒȐ
Ǫ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȐȝ ȗȈȕȚȈȓȖȕȈȝ Ȑ ȠțȚȕȐȒ
ǴȖȋ ȐșȒȘȖȑ ȊȣșȍȟȍȕȕȖȦ ȊȖ ȔȘȈȒȍ
ǿțȌȖȊȐȡȕȣȑ ȉȈȓȓȖȕȈ ȊȣȏȊȈȚȤ ȊȏȘȣȊ
ǪȏȊȐȊȈȓșȧ ȠȈȘ ȕȈȘȧȌȕȍȍ ȚȍȈȚȘȈ
ǰ ȗȈȌȈȓ Ȋ ȈȝȈȦȡțȦ ȚȖȓȗț
ǫȖȘȍȓȐ ȉȘȈȚȤȧ ǴȖȕȋȖȓȤȜȤȍ ȖȚȊȈȋȖȑ
ǰ ȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ǨȒȈȌȍȔȐȧ ȕȈțȒ
ǷȍȘ ǩ dzȐȊȠȐȞȈ

64
ǹ ǬǻǩǶǪȃǴ ǷǶǹǶǽǶǴ
ǹ ȌțȉȖȊȣȔ ȗȖșȖȝȖȔ Ȋ ȗȓȈȡȍ ȗȘȖȗȈȝȠȍȔ șȣȘȖȔ
Ǻȣ șȚȈȌȖ ȒȘȖȚȒȖȍ ȖȊȍȟȍȒ ȋȖȕȐȠȤ ș ȔȐȘȖȔ
ǯȈȎȈȊ ȗȖȌ ȔȣȠȒȖȦ ȕȍȉȍșȕȖ-șȐȕȐȑ ȏȖȕȚ
ǺțȌȈ ȋȌȍ ȚȧȕȍȚșȧ ȚțȔȈȕȕȣȑ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚ
ǸȍȏȊȐȚșȧ ȗȍș Ȗșȍȓ ȗȓȍȚȍȚșȧ ȒȈȒ ȊȖ șȕȍ
ǩȐȌȖȕȣ ȚțșȒȓȣȍ ȉȘȧȞȈȦȚ ȕȈ șȗȐȕȍ
Ǫ șȍȓȍȕȤȧȝ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ ȗȘȖȑȌȍȠȤ ȗȘȍȌ ȒțȏȕȍȞȈȔȐ
ǪȍȘȕȍȠȤșȧ ȕȈ ȋȖȘț ȗȖȒȘȣȚțȦ ȞȊȍȚȈȔȐ
ǫȌȍ ȖȊȞȣ ȘȈȏȉȘȍȓȐșȤ ȒȈȒ ȉȍȓȣȍ ȒțșȚȣ
ǺȈȔ ȔȈȟȚȣ ȒȖȘȈȉȓȍȑ ȊșȚȈȦȚ Ȑȏ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȣ
ǺȈȔ ș ȓȣșȖȑ Ƞȍȍȑ ȋȘȐȜ ȓȍȚȈȍȚ ȕȈȌ ȋȖȘȈȔȐ
ǰ ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȖȋȕȐ ȋȖȘȧȚ Ȋ ȕȖȟȕȖȔ ȚțȔȈȕȍ
ǰ ȚȈȔ țșȓȣȠȐȠȤ Țȣ Ȋ ȗȘȖșȚȘȈȕșȚȊȖ ȖȉȘȈȚȧșȤ
ǵȈȌ ȉȍșȒȖȕȍȟȕȖșȚȤȦ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȣȑ ǩȖȎȐȑ ȋȓȈș
ǷȍȘ Ǵ ǴȐȘȐȔșȒȖȑ

65
ǪȤȍȓȍ-ǫȘȐȜȜȍȕț
ǶșȍȕȕȐȍ ȌȖȎȌȐ ș țȚȘȈ ȏȈșȚȓȈȓȈ ȔȋȓȈ
ȊȍșȤ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚ dzȍȚȧȚ ȕȈ Ȧȋ ȗȍȘȍȗȍȓȈ
Ȑ ȘȣȡȍȚ ȝȘȐȗȓȣȑ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȗȖ ȖȊȘȈȋț
Ȑ ȋȖȕȐȚ ȒȈȒ ȔȍȚȓȖȑ ȌȘȖȎȈȡȍȋȖ ȉȘȖȌȧȋț
ǹ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȣȝ ȒȖșȖȋȖȘȖȊ Ȑ ȝȖȓȔȖȊ
ȕȈ ȒȘȣȓȤȧȝ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȣȝ șȗțșȚȐȓȐșȤ șȚȈȐ ȌȘȖȜ
șȔȍȠȕȣȍ ȟȐȉȐșȣ țȎȍ ȖȚșțȍȚȐȓȐșȤ
Ȑ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ Ȋ ȒȈȔȣȠȈȝ Ȋ șȣȘȣȝ ȓȖȎȉȐȕȒȈȝ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ
ȟȐȘȒȐ-ȒȖȘȖșȚȍȓȤȒȐ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȕȍȎȐȊȣȍ
ȕȐ ȌȈȚȤ ȕȐ ȊȏȧȚȤ — ȐȋȘțȠȒȐ ȏȈȊȖȌȕȣȍ
Ȍȕȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ ȕȈȌ ȕȈȔȐ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȧȚ
Ȉ ȚȈȔ ȋȓȧȌȐȠȤ Ȑ ȞȈȗȓȐ ȊȖșȗȈȘȧȚ
Ȑ țȚȒȐ ȊȏȔȖȦȚ ȓȍȋȒȐȔ ȗȖȓțȒȘțȋȖȔ
Ȑ ȏȈȚȘȍȗȍȡțȚ ȕȈȌ ȗțșȚȣȕȕȣȔ ȓțȋȖȔ
ǷȘȐȌȍȚ ȗȖȘȈ — Ȑ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȑ ȘȎȈȊȣȑ ȒȓȐȟ
ȘȈȏȌȈșȚșȧ Ȋ ȕȍȉȍșȈȝ — ȚȖ ȎțȘȈȊȓȐȕȣȑ ȒȓȐȕ
ȗȘȖȔȟȐȚșȧ ȝȊȖșȚȖȊȖȑ Ȑ șȔȍȕȐȚ ȋȖȓȖȊȕȖȋȖ«
Ǩ Ȕȣ ǪȤȍȓȍ-ǫȘȐȜȜȍȕ ȗȖȥȚȣ Ȕȣ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ
ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȊȍșȤ ȔȐȘ ȕȖ Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȎȍșȚȖȒȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȘȈȏȓȈȌ
Ȑ ȘȍȎțȚ Ȓ ȗȘȈȏȌȕȐȒȈȔ Ȋ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȍ ȗȖȘȖșȧȚ
ȖȕȐ ȚȈȒ șȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȚȈȒ ȗȘȖȕȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȐȏȎȈȚ
Ȑ ȉțȌȕȐȟȕȈȧ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȗȖȘȖȑ ȕȍ ȓțȟȠȍ ȈȌȈ
ǵȖ Ȑ ȌȘțȋȖȍ ȍșȚȤ — ș țȓȣȉȒȖȦ ȗȖ șȈȌț
ȐȌȍȚ ȓȦȉȐȔȈȧ — șȐȧȕȤȍ Ȑ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȈ
Ȑ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȤ ǵȖ ȍȡȍ ȍșȚȤ șȚȈȘȣȑ-șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȍș
Ȗȕ ȉȖȓȍȕ Ȑ ȓȍȎȐȚ țȚȒȕțȊȠȐ Ȋ ȓȐșȚȤȧ ȕȖș
Ȑ ȋȘțșȚȕȖ șȔȍȘȚȐ ȎȌȍȚ Ȑ ȊȍșȤ — ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȕȤȍ«
DzȈȒȈȧ ȥȚȖ șȔȍșȤ" ǰ ȊȏȓȍȚȣ Ȑ ȗȈȌȍȕȤȧ
țȘȖȌșȚȊȖ ȒȘȈșȖȚȈ Ȑ ȊȍȘȝ Ȑ ȕȐȏ«
Ǩ Ȕȣ ȕȍȌȖȉȘȣȍ ȍȑ ȌȈȓȐ ȐȔȧ — ǮȐȏȕȤ
ǷȍȘ ȅ dzȐȕȍȞȒȖȑ

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ǵȈ ȥȚȐȝ Ȍȕȧȝ ȕȈȟȕȍȚșȧ șȕȍȋ ǰ ȗȘȖȠȓȣȑ ȋȖȌ
Ǵȕȍ șȕȖȊȈ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȚșȧ ș ȍȋȖ ȋȘțșȚȧȔȐ
ǯȈȉȣȚȣȔȐ ǰ ȍșȓȐ șȗȘȖșȐȚ ȒȚȖ ȟȚȖ ș ȊȈȔȐ"
— ǹȒȈȎț ȗȖȉȣȚȤ Ȕȕȍ ȌȈȑȚȍ ȖȌȕȖȔț ǷȘȖȑȌȍȚ
ǷȖȌȖȓȋț ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȓ ȧ Ȋ ȚȖȔ Ȏȍ ȌȖȔȍ șȚȈȘȖȔ
Ǩ ȋȘțȏȕȣȑ șȕȍȋ ȕȈ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȗȈȌȈȓ ȏȈ ȖȒȕȖȔ
ǰ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȚȖȎȍ ȌțȔȈȓ ȕȐ Ȗ ȟȍȔ
ǸȈșȒțȘȐȊȈȧ ȚȘțȉȒț ș ȔțȕȌȠȚțȒȖȔ ȧȕȚȈȘȕȣȔ
Ǫșȍ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ șȓȈȊȕȖ ȗȈȝȕȍȚ ȔȖȑ ȘȍȏȕȖȑ ȉțȜȍȚ
ǰ ȧ ȉȣȓ ȌțȘȕȍȔ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȧ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȔȍȚȣ
ǵȍ ȐȏȔȍȕȧȦȚșȧ Ȑ ȟȚȖ șȔȍȕȧȚȤ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȣ
ǷțșȚȈȧ ȉȓȈȎȤ ȕȍȕțȎȕȈȧ Ȑ șȔȣșȓȈ ȕȍȚ
Ǫșȍ ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȚȖȓȒțȍȔ — ȕȍ șȔȍȠȕȖ ȓȐ"
Ǩ șȓȍȏȣ ȗȖȞȍȓțȐ — Ȋșȍ ȔȖȓȟȒȖȔ ȕȐ ȏȊțȒȈ
Ǩ ȕȈȔ ȗȖȕȧȚȕȣ ǺȈȒ ȠȈȋȐ șȖșȍȌȈ-ȌȘțȋȈ
Ǵȕȍ șȓȈȡȍ ȊșȧȒȐȝ șȓȖȊ ȗȖȌșȓȈȡȍȕȕȣȝ ȚȍȔ ȉȖȓȍ
DzȘȍșȚȐȓȐ ȏȊȍȏȌȣ ȕȍ ȗȖȌțȔȈȊ ȟȚȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȐȝ
ǰȔȍȕ ȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖ Ȑ ȒȘȈșȈȊȐȞȈ ȒȖȔȍȚȈ
DzȖȚȖȘȖȑ șȘȖȒȐ țȟȚȍȕȣ ș ȕȈȟȈȓȈ șȊȍȚȈ
ǵȍ ȏȈșȐȧȍȚ Ȋ ȕȍȉȍșȈȝ ȖȚ șȓȖȊ ȚȊȖȐȝ
ǰ ȋȌȍ Ȏȍ Ȗȕ ȔȖȑ ȗȘȖȠȓȣȑ ȋȖȌ ș ȍȋȖ ȋȘțșȚȧȔȐ
ǬȈȊȕȐȠȕȐȔȐ" ǷȖȟȚȐ șȖȊșȍȔ ȏȈȉȣȚȣȑ ȋȖȌ
ȇ ȋȖȊȖȘȦ ȗȖȉȣȚȤ ȝȖȟț ȖȌȐȕ ȗȘȖȑȌȍȚ
DzȖȓȐ ȏȈȝȖȟȍȚ ȒȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȗȘȖșȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ș ȊȈȔȐ"
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ǹǺǶdzǶǪǨȇ
ȀȒȈȗ Ȑ ȕȈ ȕȍȔ ȗȖȓȐȘȖȊȒȐ ȖșȚȈȚȖȒ
ǹȓȣȠȈȓ Ȗȕ ȋȖȓȖș ȔȖȐȝ ȗȘȈȉȈȉȖȒ
ǹȓȣȠȈȓ Ȗȕ ȋȖȓȖș ȔȖȍȋȖ ȌȍȌȈ
ǰ ȋȖȓȖș ȖȚȞȈ ȏȈ ȌȍȌȖȔ șȓȍȌȖȔ
ǪȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȤȧ Ȗȕ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȝȘȈȕȐȚ
Ƕȕ ȌțȔȈȦȚ ȕȍȔ ȖȚȚȖȋȖ Ȑ ȔȖȓȟȐȚ
ǵȖ ȧ ȊȍȌț ș ȕȐȔ ȉȍșȍȌȣ
ǺȈȔ Ȏȍ ș ȒțȒțȠȒȖȑ ȟȈșȣ — ȕȍ ȗȖȑȔț
Ǫ ȚȖȓȒ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȤȔț ȔȖȓȟȈȚ ȗȖȟȍȔț"
Ǫșȍ Ȏȍ ȕȍ șȚȈȕț șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȚȤ Ȑȝ
ǩȣȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ șȓȖȔȈȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȕȐȝ
ǰ ȗȖȗȘȖșȚț ȏȈȔȍȘ ȋȖȓȖș ȗȘțȎȐȕȣ
DzȈȒ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȐȑ Ȋ ȔȐȋ ȒȖȕȟȐȕȣ
ǺȈȔ ȍșȚȤ ȍȡȍ șȚȈȘȐȕȕȣȑ ȉțȜȍȚ
Ǫ ȕȍȔ ȗȈȝȕȍȚ ȊȖșȒȖȔ ȊȧȓȣȔȐ ȋȘȖȏȌȧȔȐ
ǴȧșȖȔ ȝȓȍȉȖȔ ȋȘțȠȈȔȐ ȗȖȏȌȕȐȔȐ
Ƕȕ ȊȍȘȕȣȑ șȓțȋȈ ȚȘȍȊȖȋȐ ș ȕȐȔ ȕȍȚ
ǰ șȈȔ Ȗȕ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȒȘȈșȚȤ ȕȍ șȓȍȌ
ǷȘȐȝȖȌȐȚ ȕȍȔȈȓȖ ȔțȎȟȐȕ Ȑ ȌȈȔ
ǫȓțȝȐȝ Ȓ ȥȚȐȔ ȔȈȓȣȔ ȎȐȊȣȔ ȊȍȡȈȔ
ǹȔȍȠȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȖ Ȕȕȍ ȓȐȠȤ ȊȐȌȕȈ ȐȔ ȌțȠȈ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȖșȧȚ ȊȖȑȌȧ ȕȍ șȗȍȠȈ
©DzȈȒ ȗȖȎȐȊȈȍȚȍ ȔȐȓȍȑȠȐȑ ǮȈȔȔ"ª
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ǹǰǵǬǩǨǬ-ǴǶǸǭǽǶǬ
Ǫ șȈȌȈȝ ȋȌȍ ȗȍȘșȐȒȐ ȖȔȣȚȣ ȧșȕȣȔ șȊȍȚȖȔ
DzȈȒ șȓȍȏȣ ȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȍ ȗȓȖȌȣ,
ǰ Ȋ ȋȘȍȏȈȝ șȓțȠȈȧ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȕȣȑ ȗȓȍșȒ ȊȖȌȣ
ǮȈȘȖȦ ȐșȚȖȔȓȍȕ ǩȈȋȌȈȌ ȕȍȌȊȐȎȐȔ ȓȍȚȖȔ
ǺȖȔȐȚșȧ ȗȖȓțȌȍȕȤ Ȑ șȓȖȊȕȖ șȗȐȚ ȌȊȖȘȍȞ
ǫȖșȚȍȑ ȎȌțȚ ȒțȠȈȕȤȧ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȕȣȝ ȏȈȓȈȝ
ǬȖșȚȖȐȕșȚȊȖ ȚȈȧ Ȋ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧȝ țșȚȈȓȣȝ
Dz ȌȘțȏȤȧȔ ȐȌȍȚ ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌ — ȉȖȋȈȟ ȔȖȘȧȒ ȔțȌȘȍȞ
ǩȈȘȈȕȐȕȈ ȊȒțșȕȈ Ȑ șȓȈȌȖșȚȕȈ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȈ
ǯȌȍșȤ ȉȣȚȐȍ ȚȍȟȍȚ ȕȍșȗȍȠȕȖ ȉȍȏ ȚȘȍȊȖȋ
dzȤȍȚ ȊȖȌț ȟȍȘȕȣȑ ȘȈȉ ȕȈ ȔȘȈȔȖȘȕȣȑ ȗȖȘȖȋ
ǰ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȦȚ Ȋșȍ ©Ǩ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȔ ț ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌȈ"ª
ǬȈȍȚ ȘȖșȒȖȠȕȣȑ ȗȐȘ ȗȘȖșȓȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌ
ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌ țȔȍȕ Ȑ ȡȍȌȘ Ȉ ȔțȌȘȣȍ șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȣ
ǿțȌȍșȕȖȑ ȗȖȊȍșȚȐ Ȋșȍ ȊȕȍȔȓȦȚ ȔȖȓȟȈȓȐȊȖ
Ƕ ȚȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȗȓȈȊȈȓ Ȗȕ Ȑ ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ șȚȈȓ ȉȖȋȈȚ
DzțȘȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȏȈȓȈȝ ȕȈȘȌ — ȉȓȈȋȖțȝȈȕȤȧ șȓȈȊȣ
ǰ ȎȈȌȕȖ ȓȖȊȐȚ Ȑȝ ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌȈ ȚȖȕȒȐȑ ȕȖș
ǵȍȌȈȘȖȔ șȖȓȤ șȒȊȖȏȐȚ Ȋ șȔȖȓȍ ȍȋȖ ȊȖȓȖș
ǪȍȌȤ Ƞȍȓ ȕȈ șȔȍȘȚȤ ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌ ȟȚȖȉ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȓȦȌȍȑ Ȑ ȕȘȈȊȣ
ǷȖȒȈ Ȗȕ ȘȍȟȤ ȊȍȌȍȚ ȕȈ ȏȖȓȖȚȖȑ ǩȈȋȌȈȌ
ǵȈ ȗȈȓȤȔȣ șȖȕȕȣȍ șȚȘțȐȚșȧ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȏȕȖȑȕȖ
ǰ ȋȖșȚȐ ȊȈȎȕȣȍ ȘȈȏțȔȕȖ Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ
ǶȉȌțȔȣȊȈȦȚ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǹȐȕȌȉȈȌ
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DzȚȖ-ȚȖ ȚȈȡȐȚ ȕȈ țȉȖȑ ȚȍȓȧȚ
ǰ ȖȕȐ ȕȈ țȓȐȞȍ ȔȣȟȈȚ
ǷȘȖȉțȦȚ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ȚȍȘȍȉȧ
ǵȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȓȐȏȈȚȤ șȚȘțȦ ȌȖȎȌȧ
ǩȖȎȍ ȗȘȈȊȍȌȕȣȑ șȒȈȎȐ șȍȑȟȈș
ǿȚȖ ȗȘȖȡȍȕȤȍ ȉțȌȍȚ Ȑ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș
ǿȚȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ț ȘȈȑșȒȐȝ ȊȘȈȚ
Ǵȣ ȕȍ șȚȈȕȍȔ țȉȐȊȈȚȤ ȚȍȓȧȚ
Ǩ ȕȈȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȐȏȔȍȕȐȊȠȐșȤ ȚȈȔ
Ǵȣ ȞȊȍȚȣ ȗȘȐȊȍșȐȔ Ȓ Ȑȝ ȘȖȋȈȔ
ǩȖȎȍ șȌȍȓȈȑ ȟȚȖȉ ȖȕȐ ȌȘȖȎȈ
ǴȍȕȤȠȍ ȉ ȟțȧȓȐ țȌȈȘ ȕȖȎȈ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȋȈ

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ǪȖȚ ȒȚȖ șȓȈȊȕȣȔ ȚȘțȌȐȚșȧ ȚȘțȌȖȔ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȕȈȓȐȊȈȍȚ ȔȖȓȖȒȖ Ȋ ȒțȊȠȐȕ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ șȚȍȘȍȎȍȚ ȒȖȘȖȊ șȘȍȌȐ ȌȖȓȐȕ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȎȕȍȚ țșȈȚȣȑ Ȑ ȗȘȧȔȖȑ ȖȊȍș
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȘțȉȐȚ ȚȖȕȒȐȑ șȚȊȖȓ ȉȍȘȍȏ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȗȖȌȘȍȏȈȍȚ ȕȈȌ ȘțȟȤȍȔ ȐȊȕȧȒ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȟȐȕȐȚ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȖȘȊȈȕȕȣȑ ȉȈȠȔȈȒ
ǷȘȍȌ șȍȔȤȍȑ șȟȈșȚȓȐȊȖȑ Ȑ ȗȈȘȠȐȊȣȔ ȗșȖȔ
ǴȐȘȕȖ ȏȈȌȘȍȔȈȊȠȐȔ ȗȘȍȌ ȖȋȕȍȔ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȚȒȍȚ ȟȍȑ ȕȖȟȤȦ ȕȐȏȒȐȑ șȚțȒ
ǸȈȏȌȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȒȘȐȒ șȊȍȘȟȒȈ ȊȖȒȘțȋ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȊȣȎȐȔȈȍȚ ȊȐȕȖȋȘȈȌȕȣȑ șȖȒ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ șȍȍȚ Ȋ ȖȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȓțȒ ȟȍșȕȖȒ
ǺȖȚ ȒȚȖ șȖȉȐȘȈȍȚ ȧȑȞȈ ȒțȘ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȖȚȚȍȕȖȒ ȋȖȘ
ǩȣȓ ȒȈȒ șȌȍȓȈȕȕȣȑ ȔȖȕȈȝȈȔȐ ȓȐȒȍȘ
ǰ ȧ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȌțȠȈ ȔȖȧ ȐȌȍȚ
Dz ȊȖȏȌțȝț ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖȔț Ȓ șȕȍȋȈȔ ȊȣșȖȚ
Dz ȉȣșȚȘȣȔ ȒȖȏȈȔ Ȓ ȋȖȘȞȈȔ Ȓ ȔȐȘȕȣȔ ȗȈșȚțȝȈȔ
Dz ȋȘȧȏȕȣȔ ȖȊȞȈȔ Ȓ ȓȈȦȡȐȔ ȕȈ șȚȈȌȖ ȗșȈȔ
Dz ȏȊțȒț ȉțȒșȖȊȖȋȖ ȒȘȍȗȒȖȋȖ ȘȖȎȒȈ
ǿȚȖ ȊȣȘȍȏȣȊȈȓȈ ȋȘțȉȈȧ ȘțȒȈ
Dz șȐȗȓȣȔ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȟȐȒȈȔ ȉȘȖȌȧȟȐȝ șȚȈȌ
Dz ȌȖȔȐȒț șȊȧȡȍȕȕȐȒȈ Ȓ ȚȖȓȗȍ ȘȍȉȧȚ
ǷȖȥȏȐȧ ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȖȋȖ șȐȔȊȖȓȐȏȔȈ
ǿȚȖ ȏȈ ȘȍȒȘțȚȈȔȐ șȓȍȌțȦȚ ȝȊȖșȚȖȔ
Dz ȊȖȌȈȔ Ȓ ȉȍȓȖȑ ȘȣȉȒȍ ș ȒȘȈșȕȣȔ ȗȓȈȊȕȐȒȖȔ
Dz ȝȘȈȔț șȍȓȤșȒȖȔț ș ȜȖȕȚȈȕȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ
ǫȌȍ ȧ ȉȣȓ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȖȔ ȋȘțșȚȕȣȔ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȚȣȔ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ȇ ȟȐȚȈȓ ȘȖȔȈȕȣ șȉȖȘȕȐȒȐ șȚȐȝȖȊ
ǷȐșȈȕȕȣȍ țȔȕȣȔȐ ȓȦȌȤȔȐ Ȋ ǷȈȘȐȎȍ
Ǩȝ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ ȎȐȓȐ ț ȔȖȐȝ ȘțȟȤȍȊ
ǫȌȍ ȉȍȒȈș ȒțȗȈȧșȤ ȠȍȓȍșȚȐȚ Ȑ ȉȘȣȏȎȍȚ
ǷțșȚȤ ȖȕȐ ȗȘȐȍȌțȚ ȗȖȋȓȧȌȍȚȤ ȌȘȖȏȌȖȊ
ǵȈ ȗȘțȌț ȖȗȈȊȠȐȍ șțȝȐȍ ȓȐșȚȤȧ
ǴȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȍ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȉȘȖȠȍȕȕȣȝ ȌȖȔȖȊ
dzȈșȒȖȊȣȝ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕ Ȑ țȚȖȒ șȍȘȍȉȘȐșȚȣȝ
ǰ ȚȖȋȌȈ ș țȓȣȉȒȖȑ ȚȘțȉȒț ȏȈȒțȘȐȊ
ǶȚ ȚȖșȒȐ șȊȖȍȑ ȐȏȓȍȟȈȚșȧ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖ
ǹȓțȠȈȧ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȗȘȖȕȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȗȘȐȏȣȊ
ȇșȚȘȍȉȈ ȗȖȊȐșȠȍȋȖ ȕȈȌ ȉȓȐȎȕȍȑ ȜȍȘȔȖȑ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ȅdzǭǫǰȇ
ǰșȞȍȓȦșȤ ȓȐ ȕȈȊȍȒ
ǶȚ ȗȍȟȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȋ șȍȘȌȞȍ ȚȈȐȚșȧ"
ǬȘțȋ ȔȖȑ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȓȐ șȕȍȋ
ǶȚ șȊȖȍȑ ȉȍȓȐȏȕȣ ȐșȞȍȓȐȚȤșȧ"
Ƕ ǴȈȔȖȘȈ ȔȖȧ
ǿȚȖ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȠȤ Țȣ ǬȖȉȘȖȔț ǩȖȋț"
ȇ șȒȈȎț ȟȚȖ ȏȍȔȓȧ
ǷȍȘȍȌ ȕȍȉȖȔ ȚȍȔȕȈ Ȑ țȉȖȋȈ
Ƕ ǴȈȔȖȘȈ ȒȈȒȖȊ
ǩțȌȍȚ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȣȑ ȘȈȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȐ Ȕȕȍ"
ǴȕȖȋȖ ȈȘȜ Ȑ ȞȊȍȚȖȊ
ǰ Ȋ ȓȈȏțȘȐ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȍ ȋȐȔȕȣ
Ǩ ȍȡȍ ȟȚȖ ȍȡȍ
ȇ țȊȐȎț șȘȍȌȤ ȘȈȑșȒȖȋȖ ȝȖȘȈ"
ǩțȌȍȚ șȍȘȌȞȍ ȚȊȖȍ
ǩțȌȍȚ ȕȈȠȈ ȓȦȉȖȊȤ Ȑ ǴȈȔȖȘȈ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ǴǶdzǰǺǪǨ ǿǺǶǩ ǸǭǩǭǵǶDz ǵǭ ǻǴǭǸ
ǩȖȎȍ șȉȍȘȍȋȐ Țȣ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒțȦ ȌȍȚȒț
DzȈȒ ȖȚ ȊȍȚȘȈ ȕȍȎȕȖ ȉȍȘȍȎȍȠȤ Ǻȣ ȊȍȚȒț
ǹȖȝȘȈȕȐȚȤ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȈ Ȍȓȧ Ǻȍȉȧ ȟȚȖ ȏȕȈȟȐȚ
ǭșȓȐ ȔȈȚȤ ȐȏȔțȟȍȕȕȈȧ ȋȖȘȤȒȖ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ
ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ ȕȍ Ǻȣ ȒȓȈȌȍȠȤ ȘțȒȖȑ ȎȍșȚȖȒȖȑ
ǫȖȓțȉțȦ șȔȍȘȚȤ ȕȈ ȘȖȏȖȊȣȍ ȡȍȒȐ
ǭșȓȐ Ǻȣ ȖșȚȈȊȐȠȤ ȎȐȚȤ ȍȍ ȚȖ Ȋ ȝȘȈȔȍ
ǺȊȖȑ ȈȓȚȈȘȤ ȖȕȈ țȒȘȈșȐȚ ȊȈșȐȓȤȒȈȔȐ
ǩȖȎȍ șȉȍȘȍȋȐ Ǻȣ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒțȦ ȌȍȚȒț
DzȈȒ ȖȚ ȊȍȚȘȈ ȕȍȎȕȖ ȉȍȘȍȎȍȠȤ Ǻȣ ȊȍȚȒț
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

75
ǴǶdzǰǺǪǨ ǿǺǶǩȃ ǷǶdzǻǿǰǺȄ ǯǪǭǯǬǻ
ǩȖȎȍ ȌȈȑ Ȕȕȍ ȖȌȕț ȏȖȓȖȚțȦ ȏȊȍȏȌț
ǴȖȎȍȚ Ȋ ȕȍȑ Ȍȓȧ ȌțȠȐ ȧ șȗȈșȍȕȤȍ ȕȈȑȌț
ǭșȓȐ Țȣ ȕȍ ȏȈȝȖȟȍȠȤ ȖȚȌȈȚȤ ȍȍ Ȕȕȍ
ǩȍȏ ȖȉȐȌȣ ȉȍȏ ȎȈȓȖȉȣ Ȋșȍ ȧ șȕȍșț
ǭșȓȐ ȋȐȉȍȓȤ Ȋ ȏȊȍȏȌȍ — ȗȖȌȈȘȐ ȍȍ Ȕȕȍ
DzȈȒ ȌȈȦȚ ȉȍȌȕȧȒț ȏȖȓȖȟȍȕȖȍ șț
ȇ ȗȓȍȚțșȤ ȒȈȒ Ȗșȍȓ ǪșȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȠȤ ȓȐ Țȣ
DzȈȒ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȖȔ ȧ ȒȓȈȓ ȖșȚȘȖȓȐșȚȖȊ ȒțșȚȣ
ǷȍȘȍȌ ȧșȓȧȔȐ Ȋ ȝȘȈȔȍ ȋȌȍ ȔȈȚȤ ȔȖȧ ȊșȚȈȘȤ
ǻȉȐȘȈȓȈ ȘȖȏȍȚȒȈȔȐ ȕȐȡȐȑ ȈȓȚȈȘȤ"
ǭșȓȐ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȏȊȍȏȌȍ ȧ șȗȈșȍȕȤȍ ȕȈȑȌț
ǷȖȌȈȘȐ Ȕȕȍ ȖȌȕț ȏȖȓȖȚțȦ ȏȊȍȏȌț
ǷȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ Ȕȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȍȍ
ǷȖȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȏȈȔȍȘȏȠȍȍ șȍȘȌȞȍ ȔȖȍ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ǴǶdzǰǺǪǨ ǿǺǶǩȃ ǪǶDZǺǰ Ǫ ǸǨǰ ǹ ǶǹdzǨǴǰ
DzȖȋȌȈ Ǻȣ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ ȗȘȐȒȈȎȍȠȤ Ȕȕȍ ȐȌȚȐ
ǷȖȏȊȖȓȤ Ȕȕȍ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤ șȈȔȖȔț ȗțȚȐ
ȇ ȊȣȑȌț ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ Ȋ ȊȖșȒȘȍșȕȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ
ǬȖȘȖȋȖȑ ȗȣȓȤȕȖȑ ȔȐȔȖ ȌȍȘȍȊȍȕȤ
ǰ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȊȠȐ ȖșȓȖȊ șȒȈȎț ©ȇ — ǮȈȔȔ
ǰ Ȋ ȘȈȑ ȐȌțª ǰ ȧ șȒȈȎț ȖșȓȈȔ
©ǷȖȑȌȍȔȚȍ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȕȍȎȕȣȍ ȌȘțȏȤȧ
ǿȚȖ ȌȓȐȕȕȣȔȐ țȠȈȔȐ ȠȍȊȍȓȧ
ǶȚȔȈȝȐȊȈȓȐșȤ ȖȚ țȌȈȘȖȊ Ȕțȝ
ǵȈȏȖȑȓȐȊȖ ȒȘțȎȐȊȠȐȝșȧ ȊȖȒȘțȋª
ǷȖȏȊȖȓȤ Ȓ Ǻȍȉȍ ȗȘȐȑȚȐ șȘȍȌȐ ȖșȓȖȊ —
ǹȘȍȌȤ Țȍȝ ȟȚȖ ȊȖȏȧȚ ȜțȘȣ ȗȈȧȞȖȊ
ǹȘȍȌȤ Țȍȝ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȡȈȚ ȕȈ șȗȐȕȍ ȚȦȒȐ
ǰȓȤ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȝ ȗȖȊȖȏȖȟȒȈȝ ȋȖȘȠȒȐ
ǹȘȍȌȐ ȖșȓȐȞ ȟȚȖ ȕȖȋȐ șȚȈȊȧȚ ȚȈȒ
ǿȚȖ ȚȘȖȋȈȍȚ ȊȈș Ȑȝ ȘȈȏȉȐȚȣȑ ȠȈȋ
ǿȚȖ ȗȟȍȓȈȔȐ țȎȈȓȍȕȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ
ǵȈ ȕȖȎȒȈȝ ȘȈȕȍȕȣȝ ȕȖșȐȚȤ ȠȚȈȕȣ
ǷȖȏȊȖȓȤ ȗȘȐȑȚȐ Ȕȕȍ ș ȕȐȔȐ Ȋ ȘȈȑșȒȐȑ șȈȌ
ǫȌȍ ȕȈȌ ȘțȟȤȧȔȐ ȧȉȓȖȕȐ ȌȘȖȎȈȚ
ǰ șȌȍȓȈȑ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ ȟȚȖȉ ȧ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ȊȖȠȍȓ
DzȈȒ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȘȈȉȖȚȈȊȠȐȑ Ȗșȍȓ
DzȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȉȍȌȕȖșȚȤ ȒȘȖȚȒțȦ ȕȍșȍȚ
Dz ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖȑ ȟȐșȚȖȚȍ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȝ ȊȖȌ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ǴȖȓȐȚȊȣ ȒȈȒ ȞȊȍȚȣ ȊȖșȝȖȌȧȚ Ȓ ǩȖȋț
ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȒȈȒ ǶȌȕȐ ȉȖȋȈȚȣ
ǰ ș ȏȈȗȈȝȖȔ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȔ ȚțȉȍȘȖȏȣ
ǬȘțȋȐȍ ȉȓȍȌȕȣȍ ȉȍȏ ȈȘȖȔȈȚȈ
DzȈȒ ȟȈȝȓȣȑ ȖȌțȊȈȕȟȐȒ ț ȌȖȘȖȋȐ
ǶȕȐ ȐȌțȚ Ȓ ǵȍȉȍșȕȖȔț ǪȓȈȌȣȒȍ
ǰ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ƕȕ ȖȌȐȕ șțȌȐȚȤ țȔȍȍȚ
ǿȚȖ ȉȍȌȕȖșȚȤ ȒȘȖȚȒȈȧ ȊȍȘȉȍȕȣ ȌȐȒȖȑ
ǷȍȘȍȌ ǺȊȖȘȞȖȔ ȉȖȋȈȟȍ ȐȓȤ ȉȍȌȕȍȍ
DzȈȒȖȑ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȐȏȣșȒȈȕȕȖȑ ȋȊȖȏȌȐȒȐ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ǨǫǶǵǰȇ
ǬȍȚȒȖȑ țȔȐȘȈȦȡȍȑ ȗȘȍȌ ȔȈȚȍȘȤȦ șȊȖȍȑ
ǴȍȎ ȌȘțȋȐȝ ȐȋȘȈȦȡȐȝ ȒȈȒ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȌȍȚȍȑ
ǷȚȐȞȍȑ ȘȈȕȍȕȖȑ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦȡȍȑ ȏȈȟȍȔ ȒȘȣȓȖ
DzȘȖȊȤȦ ȖȉȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȕȐȒȕȍȚ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ
ǹȓȈȊȓȦ ȧ Ǻȍȉȧ ǴȈȘȐȧ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ǩǰǿǭǪǨǵǰǭ
ǩȍȌȕȣȔȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȒȈȔȐ ȐȏȉȐȚȣȔȐ ȖȚȞȖȔ
ǰ ȖșȓȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȉȤȦȚ Ȋ șȍȘȌȞȍ șȈȗȖȋȖȔ
ǬȍȊțȠȒȖȑ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȐ ȟȚȖȉ ȗȘȖȌȈȚȤ
ǹȣȕȖȔ ȗȘȍȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȋȘțȉȖ ȖșȒȖȘȉȐȓȐ ȔȈȚȤ
ǹȓȈȊȓȦ ȧ Ǻȍȉȧ ǴȈȘȐȧ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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ǪǭǵǿǨǵǰǭ ǺǭǸǵǰȇǴǰ
ǵȐȡȐȔ ȕȍ ȌȍȘȎȈȊȠȐȔ Ȋ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȞȈȘșȒȖȋȖ ȎȍȏȓȈ
DzȘȖȔȍ ȗȈȓȒȐ ȖȚ șȖȉȈȒ ȗȘȖȝȖȎȍȋȖ șȍȓȈ
ǰ ȗȖȥȚȖȔ ȘȈȕȍȕȕȣȔ ȕȈȊȍȒ ȠȐȗȈȔȐ ȌțȔ
ǬțȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ țȔ
ǹȓȈȊȓȦ ȧ Ǻȍȉȧ ǴȈȘȐȧ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

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DzǸǭǹǺǵǨȇ ǵǶȀǨ
ǩȍȌȕȖȦ șȚȈȘțȝȖȦ ș ȊȧȏȈȕȒȖȑ ȌȘȖȊ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ
ǿȚȖ ȒȖȔț-ȚȖ ȚȐȝȖ ȎȈȓțȍȚșȧ ©ǩȖȎȍ ȔȖȑª
ǹȚȈȘȖȑ ȓȖȠȈȌȤȦ țȗȈȊȠȍȑ ȕȈ ȏȈȍȏȎȍȕȕȖȔ ȗțȚȐ
ǵȍ ȐȔȍȧ șȐȓȣ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȥȒȐȗȈȎ ȊȍȏȚȐ
ǹȓȈȊȓȦ ȧ Ǻȍȉȧ ǴȈȘȐȧ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

82
ǷǶdzǭǯǵȃDZ DzǨdzǭǵǬǨǸȄ
Ǫ ȔȈȘȚȍ ȏȕȈȒ ǶȊȍȕȈ
 ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȚ șȍȧȚȤ
DzȈȘȖȚȍȓȤ ȒȈȗțșȚț Ȑ ȗȈȝțȟȐȑ ȒȓȍȊȍȘ
ǩȖȘȖȕȐȚȤ ȒȖȕȟȈȦȚ Ȑ Ȋ șȈȌȈȝ ȕȈȊȖȏȖȔ
ǻȌȖȉȘȧȦȚ ȏȍȔȓȦ ȗȖȌșȚȘȐȋȈȦȚ ȓȖȏȣ
Ǭȓȧ ȎȐȊȖȚȕȣȝ ȏȐȔȕȐȑ ȒȖȘȔ ȖȒȖȕȟȍȕ Ȋ șȍȓȈȝ
ǴȈȚȍȘȐ ȗȘȐȓȍȎȕȖ ȓȐȎțȚ ȗțȝȓȣȝ ȚȍȓȖȒ
ǬȍȕȤ ȕȈ ȟȈș Ȑ ȗȧȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȔȐȕțȚ ȌȓȐȕȕȍȍ,
ǰ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȖ ȊȍȟȍȘȈȔ ȍȌȊȈ ȚȍȔȕȍȍȚ
DzȖȏȤȐ ȗȈșȚțȝȐ ȖȚșȚȈȊȠȐ ȕȈ ȖȗțȠȒȍ,
ǵȈȌțȊȈȧ ȡȍȒȐ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȚȘțȉȧȚ Ȋ ȌțȌȒȐ
ǰ ȖȊȟȈȘȒȈ șȚȈȌȖ ȒȖȏ ȖȉȍȘȍȋȈȧ
ǴȈȠȍȚ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȣȔ ȝȊȖșȚȖȔ Ȑ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ ȓȈȍȚ
Ǫ ȔȈȘȚȍ ǪȍȘȉȕȖȍ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ ǪȖșȒȘȍșȍȕȤȍ
Ǫ ȌȍȚșȚȊȍ Ȕȕȍ ȌȈȊȈȓȐ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȍȟȍȕȤȍ
ȇ Ȓ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȍ Ƞȍȓ ȗȖșȓțȠȕȣȑ ȔȖȓȟȈȓȐȊȣȑ
ǷȍȘȍȌ șȓțȎȉȖȑ ȔȈȚȤ Ȕȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ
©ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȈ ȘȖȌȐȕȍ ȞȊȍȚțȚ ȖȓȐȊȣ
ǷȖȌ ȖȓȐȊȈȔȐ ǽȘȐșȚȖș ȚȖȋȌȈ ȔȖȓȐȓșȧ
ǰ ȏȈ ǵȐȔ ȗȘȐȠȓȈ ȚȖȓȗȈ
Ǫ ǰȍȘțșȈȓȐȔȍ
dzȦȌȐ ȗȓȈȟȈ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȓȐ ǩȖȎȤȍ ȐȔȧ
ǰ ǭȋȖ ȖșȓȍȕȖȒ șȍȔȍȕȐȓ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ
ǷȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ ȋțșȚȖ țșȚȓȈȕȕȖȑ ȊȍȚȊȧȔȐ
ǯȓȣȍ ȕȐȡȐȍ ȒȘȐȟȈȓȐ ȖȚ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȈ
ǷȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȊȍȘȖȊȈȓȐ Ȋ ǩȖȋȈ
ǮȍȕȡȐȕȣ ȌțȘȕȣȍ ȌȍȓȈȓȐșȤ ȌȘțȋȐȔȐ
ǶȚȚȖȋȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȟȚȖ Ƕȕ ȍȝȈȓ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔȐ
ǰ ǭȋȖ ȏȈ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȓȦȌȐ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓȐ
Ƕȕ țȔȍȘȠȐȝ ȊȖșȒȘȍȠȈȓ ǭȋȖ ȘȈșȗȧȓȐ
ǺȐȝȖ ȗȓȈȟț ȧ șȎȐȔȈȧ ȏțȉȣ
ǪșȗȖȔȐȕȈȧ Ȗ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȍȑ șȓțȎȉȍ,

83
DzȈȒ ȌȍȘȎȈȓ ȒȈȌȐȓȤȕȐȞț ȧ Ȋ șȍȓȤșȒȖȔ ȝȘȈȔȍ
Ǫ ȒȘȍșȚȕȖȔ ȝȖȌȍ ȔȍȎ ȝȖȘțȋȊȧȔȐ ȒȘȍșȚȈȔȐ
ǰ ȒȈȒ ȚȐȝȖ șȓțȠȈȓ ȧ ȒȦȘȍ șȍȌȖȋȖ
ǫȖȊȖȘȐȊȠȍȋȖ ȕȈȔ Ȗ șȚȘȈșȚȧȝ ǽȘȐșȚȖȊȣȝ
ǩțȌȍȚ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ Țȍȉɟ ș ȗȖȌȘțȋȖȑ Ȋ ȔȈȘȚȍ,
ǵȈ ȓțȋț ȋȌȍ Ȋȣ ȕȈȑȌȍȚȍ ȚȍȔȕȣȍ ȜȐȈȓȒȐ
Ǫȣ Ȋ ȚȍȕȐ țȊȐȌȐȚȍ ȉȈȘȊȐȕȖȒ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ
ǾȊȍȚ ȍȋȖ ȓȦȉȐȓ ǸțșșȖ Ȑ ȖȌțȊȈȕȟȐȒ
DzțȘȖșȓɟȗȣ ȓȦȚȐȒȐ ȋțșȚȣȍ ȒȈȠȒȐ
ǯȖȓȖȚȣȍ ȐȓȐ ȉȍȓȣȍ ȘȖȔȈȠȒȐ
ǨȕȍȔȖȕ ȎȖȕȒȐȓȤȐ șȕɟȎȕȣȍ ȕȈȘȞȐșșȣ
ǪȈș ȏȈșȚȈȊȧȚ ȌțȔȈȚȤ Ȗ ȠȊȍȑȞȈȘșȒȐȝ Ȋȣșȧȝ
ǷȓȦȡ ȗȖȓȍȏȕȣȑ Ȍȓȧ șȚȘȈȌȈȊȠȐȝ ȈșȚȔȖȑ
ǭșȓȐ ț ȗȖȌȘțȋȐ ȚȖȕȒȐȍ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ
Ǭȓȧ ȚȊȖȍȑ ȓȦȉȊȐ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȍȕ șȊȍȚ ȊȍșȍȕȕȐȑ
ǷȓȍȟȐ ȕɟȎȕȣȍ ȗȖȒȈȎțȚșȧ șȊȍȚȓȍȍ
ǹ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ȌȖ ȕȖȋ ȍȍ ȗȘȖșȚȖȍ ȚȍȓȖ
ǩțȌȍȚ ȒȈȒ Șțȟȍȑ ȘȈȏȓȐȚȣȑ Ȋ ȉȍȌȘȈȝ ȉȍȓȣȑ
ǶȚ ȓȦȉȊȐ țșȚȈȊȠȐ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈ ȖȝȖȚȍ
ǵɟșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȍȒȈșȖȊ ȗȖȌșȚȘȍȓȐȚȤ Ȋ ȉȖȓȖȚȍ.
ǬȘțȋ ȖȚ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ țȚȖȔȓȍȕȕȣȑ
ȇ ȏȖȊț Țȍȉȧ Ȋ ȗȘȐȦȚ ȔȖȑ șȒȘȖȔȕȣȑ
Ǵȣ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȔ șȗȖȘȐȚȤ Ȗȉ ȐșȒțșșȚȊȍ ȎȐȏȕȐ
ǵȖ ȊȏȋȓȧȕțȊ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ ȕȈ ȟȍȘȕȣȑ șȈȌ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȣ
ǰ ȕȈ șȚȈȌȖ ȒȖȏ ȐȌțȡȐȝ ȔȐȔȖ
Ǻȣ ȗȘȖȟȚȍȠȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȍ șȚȐȝȐ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ
Ǵȕȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȍȠȤ Ȗ șȊȖȍȑ ȓȦȉȐȔȖȑ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

84
ǷȍȘȍȌ ȏȐȔȖȑ ȕȈ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȜȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȈȝ
ǯȈȔțȟȍȕȕȣȍ ȓȈșȚȖȟȒȐ șȐȌȧȚ ȘȧȌȈȔȐ
ǶȕȐ ȋȘțșȚȧȚ Ȗȉ ȈȜȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ȕȍȉȍșȈȝ
DzȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȍȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȈȓȐ
©DzȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȍȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȈȓȐª
DzȈȒ Ȕȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȚȖșȒțȍȔ Ȗ ȌȈȓȍȒȖȔ ǸȈȍ
ǶȕȐ ȏȈșȚȣȊȠȐȍ ȗȘȖȕȏȍȕȕȣȍ ȊȐșȧȚ
ǶȕȐ ȓȍȚȈȓȐ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȗȈȌȈȧ ȊȏȓȍȚȈȧ
ǰ ȗȖșȓȍ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȓȐșȤ Ȋșȍ-ȚȈȒȐ ȕȈȏȈȌ
ǷȘȖșȚȐȚȤșȧ ș ȔȐȓȖȑ ȒȘȣȠȍȑ ȞȍȘȒȊȐ — ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȥȚȖ
Ƕ ȒȈȒ ȐȔ ȋȘțșȚȕȖ ȉȍȌȕȣȔ ǶȚȟȍȋȖ ȖȘȍȠȕȐȒ
ǰȝ ȖȉȔȈȕțȊ ȖșȣȗȈȓșȧ ȏȈșȚȣȓ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȏȐȔȖȑ
DzȈȒ șȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȐȔ ȟȚȖ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȍȓȖ ȓȍȚȖ
ǫȕȍȏȌȖ Ȑȝ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ țȏȕȈȓȖ ǩȍȏțȚȍȠȕȣ
ǶȕȐ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȌȘȖȎȈȚ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȊȖȓȒȍ șȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ
ǺȈȒ Ȑ ȌțȠȈ șȚȘȈȌȈȊȠȈȧ ȗȘȐ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȔȕȖȋȖ
ǷȘȍȌ ȚȍȔ ȒȈȒ ȗȍȘȍȑȚȐ ȕȈȊȍȒ Ȋ ǵȍȉȍșȕȣȑ ǹȈȌ
ǷțșȒȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȖȒȍȈȕ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȑ ȗȘȍȌ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ
DzȖȓȍȉȓȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈȏȈȌ
ǷȍȘ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ

85
ǸȍȔȐ Ȍȍ ǫțȘȔȖȕ
ȂǾǮǻǿǶǿ ǴǮǺǺ
ǪȖȚ ȉțȒȖȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȗȖȥȚ Ǫ ȕȍȔ ȍșȚȤ ǪȍȘȋȐȓȐȑ ȒȖȍ-ȟȚȖ
ȖȚ ǸȈȒȈȕȈ Ȑ ȒȖȍ-ȟȚȖ ȖȚ ǹȍȋȘȍ ǷȖȌȖȉȕȣȝ ȗȖȥȚȖȊ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȍȠȤ
ȖȟȍȕȤ ȘȍȌȒȖ Ǭȓȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕțȎȕȖ țȍȌȐȕȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ șȚȈȘȖȔ ȌȖȔȍ ȕȈ
ȖȗțȠȒȍ ȓȍșȈ ȖȋȘȈȎȌȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȖȔ șȘȍȌȐ ȟȍȘȕȣȝ Ȋȧ-
ȏȖȊ ȔȖȘȡȐȕȐșȚȣȝ ȌțȉȖȊ Ȑ ȉțȒȖȊ ș ȒȖȘȖȦ ȕȍȎȕȖȦ ȒȈȒ ȒȖȎȈ
ȓȦȉȐȔȖȑ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȣ ǯȌȍșȤ ȕȍ șȚȘȐȋțȚ ȚȘȈȊț ȕȍ ȌȍȓȈȦȚ ȕȐ-
ȒȈȒȐȝ ȋȈȏȖȕȖȊ ȟȚȖȉȣ șȖȏȌȈȚȤ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȍ ȉȈȘȝȈȚȕȖȑ ȒțȠȍȚ-
ȒȐ ǭȍ ȒȖșȧȚ Ȑ ȉȣȒȐ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȍȌȧȚ ȌțȠȐșȚȖȍ șȍȕȖ șȚțȟȈ Ȗȉ
ȧșȓȐ șȊȖȐȔȐ ȒȖȓȤȞȈȔȐ Ǫ ȥȚȖȔ ȓȍșț ȒȈȎȌȖȍ ȘȈșȚȍȕȐȍ ȐȔȍȍȚ
șȊȖȐ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȐ șȊȖȍ ȐȔȧ
Ǫ ȓȍșț ȔȍȌțȕȒȈ ȍșȚȤ ș ȞȊȍȚȖȟȒȖȔ ȓȐȓȖȊȈȚȣȔ
ǹ ȓȐșȚȖȔ ȔȖȝȕȈȚȣȔ Ȑ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȊȈȚȖ —
ǹȍȘȣȔ ș ȉȍȓȣȔ ȒȘȈȗȖȔ Ȑ ȠȍȘȠȈȊȣȔ —
ǺȈȔ ȕȈȌȗȐșȤ ȍșȚȤ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȕȈȧ țșȚȈȊȖȔ
ǮȍȘțȝȐ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȚȈȔ ȟȚȖȉ ȉȈȉȖȟȒȈȔ ȘȍȏȊȐȚȤșȧ
ǷȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȣȝ ȐȏȖȗȐȘ Ȑ ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȟȍȔȍȘȐȞȣ
ǰ ȋȐȈȞȐȕȚȣ ȍșȚȤ Ȑȝ ȘȈȏȌȈȊȐȚȤ ȓȍȋȒȖ
ǰ ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȤ ȓȐȗȒȈȧ ȉȓȍșȚȐȚ ȒȈȒ ȔȖȓȖȒȖ
ǯȓȖȊȖȕȕȈȧ ȎȖȕȒȐȓȤ ȕȈȘȞȐșș Ȑ ȈȕȍȔȖȕȈ
Ƕ ȊȈș ȔȍȟȚȈȦ ȧ șȕȍȋȖȊ ȠȊȍȑȞȈȘșȒȐȝ șȒȓȖȕȣ
ǩțȌȘȈ ȗȖȓȍȏȕȈȧ ȚȍȔ ȟȚȖ ȖȌȣȠȒȖȑ șȚȘȈȎȌțȚ
ȅȚȖ ȖȚȘȣȊȖȒ Ȑȏ ©ǴȍșȧȞȈ ǴȈȘȚȈª ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȗȖȥȔȣ
ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȕȖȑ ǼȘȈȕșȐșȖȔ ǮȈȔȔȖȔ Ȍȓȧ ©ǨȓȤȔȈȕȈȝȈ ǷȖȥȚȖȊª
ȗȘȖȠȓȖȋȖ ȋȖȌȈ ȗȖȝȖȎȍȑ ȕȈ ȜȐȈȓȒț ȐȓȐ ȈȔȍȚȐșȚ
 ȊȣȘȖș-
ȠțȦ ț ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȐ șȘȍȌȐ ȗȍȘȊȣȝ țȓȣȉȖȒ Ȋȍșȕȣ Ǫșȧ ȗȖȥȔȈ
țȌȐȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȈ ȗȖ ȋȘȈȞȐȐ Ȑ ȊȍȘȋȐȓȐȍȊșȒȖȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖȚȍ ȅȚȖ ȖȚ-
ȘȣȊȖȒ Ȑȏ «Georgiques Françaises», ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȔȕȖȋȐȍ ȗȖȥȚȣ
ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ ȚȡȍȚȕȖ ȗȘȖȉȖȊȈȓȐ șȊȖȐ șȐȓȣ

86
Septima post decimam felix et ponere vitem
Et prensos domitare boves et licia telae
Addere. Nona fugae melior, contraria furtis.
Multa adeo gelida melius se nocte dedere
Aut cum sole novo terras irrorat Eous.
Nocte leves melius stipulae, nocte arida prata
Tondentur: noctis lentus non deficit humor.
ǹ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖșȚȤȦ Ȑ ȚȍȔ Ȏȍ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȚȊȖȔ ǮȈȔȔ
ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ Ȗ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕșȒȐȝ ȔȈȘȚȖȊșȒȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȝ
ǯȐȔȕȐȑ ȒȖȘȔ șȒȖȚȈ țȎ ȕȈ ȐșȝȖȌȍ
ǺȍȓȖȒ Ȋ ȓțȋ ȕȍ ȋȖȕȧȚ ȗȘȐ ȗȖȋȖȌȍ,
ǩȖȓȤȠȍȋȓȈȏȣȝ ȚȍȓȖȒ ȓȐȎȍȚ ȔȈȚȒȈ
Ǫ șȊȍȎȍȔ ȒȖȘȔȍ ȕȍȚț ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȒȈ
ǬȊȈ ȟȈșȈ ȕȈ ȗȘȐȉȣȓȤ ȉȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚȒȐ
ǪȍȟȍȘȈ Țȍȗȓȣ ȗȓȍȚȧșȤ ȓȍȕȐȊȖ
DzȖȏȤȐ ȗȈșȚțȝȐ ȏȈȌțȓȐ Ȋ ȌțȌȒȐ
ǰȌțȚ ȒȖȏȣ ȗȖȏȈȌȐ șȖȉȈȒȈ
ǩȤȍȚ ȝȊȖșȚȖȔ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȋȖȚȖȊȈ ȌȘȈȒȈ
ǪȖ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȐ ȕȍȚ Ȋ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȗȖȥȚȈ șȗȖ-
șȖȉȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȘȐșȖȊȈȚȤ ȚȈȒțȦ ȧșȕțȦ ȗȘȈȊȌȐȊțȦ ȒȈȘȚȐȕț ș ȗȖ-
ȔȖȡȤȦ ȗȘȖșȚȣȝ șȓȖȊ Ȑ ȜȘȈȏ ȗȖȝȖȎȐȝ ȕȈ ȕȍȗȘȐȕțȎȌȍȕȕțȦ
ȉȖȓȚȖȊȕȦ ȕȖ Ȋ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȖȉȘȈȏțȦȡȐȝ
șȚȐȝȐ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȍȕȕȣȍ Ȑ ȟȐșȚȣȍ ǵȖ ȗȖȥȚ ȉȓȈȋȖȘȈȏțȔȕȖ șȓȍ-
ȌțȍȚ șȊȖȍȔț ȒȈȓȍȕȌȈȘȦ ȒȈȒ ǪȍȘȋȐȓȐȑ Ȗȕ ȓȐȠȤ ȕȈ ȔȋȕȖȊȍ-
ȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȈȍȚ țȝȖȌ ȏȈ ȗȟȍȓȈȔȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȒȓȦ-
ȟȍȕȐȍ ǨȘȐșȚȍȧ ȐȓȐ ȌȖȑȌȧ ȌȖ ǪȍȘȉȕȖȋȖ ǪȖșȒȘȍșȍȕȤȧ Ȋ ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ șȚȐȝȈȝ ȐȏȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ ǰȐșțșȈ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕțȦ Ȑ
ȕȍȎȕțȦ ȒȈȒ șȚȈȘȐȕȕȈȧ ȋȘȈȊȦȘȈ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȊȍȠȈȓȐ ȕȈȌ ȗȖș-
ȚȍȓȤȦ
Ǫ șȈȌț ȔȈșȓȐȟȕȖȔ șȓȍȏȣ ǰȐșțșȖȊȣ ȚȍȒȓȐ
DzȕȐȎȕȐȒȐ ș ȌȘȍȒȖȓȐȍȔ ȐșȒȈȚȤ ǭȋȖ ȗȖȠȓȐ
ǰ ȕȈȘȖȌ ǹȈȓȐȔșȒȐȑ ȗȓȈȒȈȓ Ȑ ȒȘȐȟȈȓ
ǷȘȐȏȣȊȈȓ ǰȐșțșȈ— Ȉ ȖșȓȍȕȖȒ ȔȈȓ

87
ǪȍșȍȓȖ ȚȘțșȐȓ ȗȖ ȊȈȑȍȊȣȔ ȊȍȚȊȧȔ
ǵȐȡȐȍ ȋȖȓȖȌȕȣȍ ȊȖȏȘȣȌȈȓȐ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ
ǹȓȍȌțȧ ȏȈ ǵȐȔ Ȑ ȊȍȘȧ ǭȔț ȉȓȈȋȖșȚȕȖ
ǷȘȐȝȖȌȐȓȐ Ȏȍȕȣ ȉȓțȌȕȣȍ Ȓ șȗȈșȍȕȐȦ
ǪȐȌȧ ȒȈȒ Ƕȕ ȠȍșȚȊȖȊȈȓ Ȋ ȕȍȉȍșȕȖȔ șȐȧȕȐȐ
ǹȚȖȓȤ șȊȍȚȓȖ șȐȧȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ șȖȓȕȣȠȒȖ ȉȈȋȘȖȊȖȍ
DzȘȖȚȒȖ țȓȣȉȈȓșȧ Ƕȕ Ȉ ȒțȌȘȐ — ȔȍȌȖȊȣȍ
ǴȍȘȚȊȣȝ ȊȖșȒȘȍȠȈȓ Ƕȕ ȐȔ Ȑ ǭȋȖ Ȏȍ ȘȈșȗȧȓȐ
DzȖȋȌȈ ț ȕȈș ȗȖȧȊȐȚșȧ ȗȖȓȕȣȑ ȒȈȓȍȕȌȈȘȤ ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ ȥȚȖ
șȓțȟȐȚșȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
 ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȕȣȑ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȔ Ȏȍ ȗȈȚȍȚȐȟȍ-
șȒȐ-ȗȘȖșȚȖȔ ȚȖȕȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚ Ȓ ȘȈȏȉȘȖșȈȕȕȣȔ ȚȖȔȈȔ șȖ-
șȚȈȊȓȧȦȡȐȔ ȊșȦ ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒțȦ ȗȖȥȏȐȦ ȗȘȐȉȈȊȐȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȖȌ-
ȕț ȕȍȏȈȉȊȍȕȕțȦ ȒȕȐȋț
ǷȍȘȊȣȍ șȊȖȐ șȚȐȝȐ ǼȘȈȕșȐș ǮȈȔȔ ȊȣȗțșȚȐȓ Ȋ  ȋȖ-
Ȍț ǭȔț ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ ȖȒȖȓȖ  ȓȍȚ Ȑ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȍȋȖ ȉȣ-
ȓȈ ȚȈȒȖȦ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȖȕȈ ȖșȚȈȓȈșȤ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ Ƕȕ ȎȐȓ ȖȌȐȕȖ-
ȒȐȑ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȐȕȍ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȞȐȐ ȗȖȉȓȐȏȖșȚȐ Ȓ ǷȐȘȍȕȍȧȔ ȕȖ ȕȍ
Ȋ șȈȔȣȝ ȋȖȘȈȝ
ǩȓȍșȚȧȚ ȕȈ șȖȓȕȞȍ șȍȓȈ ȗȖ ȘȈȊȕȐȕȍ
ǫȌȍ ȘȍȒȐ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȕȐ Ȑ ȝȈȘȟȍȊȕȐ
DzȖȎȈ ț ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȖȒ ©ȚȍȔȕȈ ȒȈȒ ȏȍȔȓȧª ǵȖ țȚȘȈ Ȑ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ
ȚȈȔ ȋȖȓțȉȣȍ
ǷȖȓȧ ȎȍȓȚȍȦȚ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȗȈȝȕȍȚ ȔȧȚȖȑ
Ǹțȟȍȑ ȗȖȍȚ Ȋ ȓȖȎȉȐȕȍ șȣȘȖȊȈȚȖȑ
ǺȘȖȗȐȕȒȐ Țȍ ȋȌȍ ȘȈȕȕȐȔ ǶȒȚȧȉȘȍȔ
dzȍȚȈȦȚ ȗȖ ȊȍȚȘț ȓȐșȚȣ ȒȈȠȚȈȕȖȊ
ǹȍȓȍȕȐȧ ȘȈșșȣȗȈȕȣ ȊȍȏȌȍ
ǵȈ șȒȓȖȕȈȝ ȕȈ ȊȍȘȠȐȕȈȝ Ȑ ȕȈ Ȍȕȍ
Ǫ ȌȖȓȐȕȈȝ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȍ ȊȌȖȓȤ ȉȍȘȍȋȖȊ
ǪȌȖȓȤ ȋȖȘ ȌȖȘȖȋ Ȑ ȉȓȐȏȒȖ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ
ǺȈȔ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȍȕȒȐ ȊȌȈȓȐ ȊȐȌȕȣ
ǵȈ ȗȍȘȍȒȘȍșȚȒȈȝ ȚȈȔ șȚȖȧȚ ȒȘȍșȚȣ

88
ǹȚȈȌȈ ȚȈȔ ȝȖȌȧȚ ș ȝȘȐȗȓȣȔȐ ȏȊȖȕȒȈȔȐ
ǩȘȍȌȍȚ ȗȈșȚțȝ țșȚȈȓȣȔȐ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ
ǻȎ ȒȘȈșȕȖȋȓȈȏȣȝ ȋȖȓțȉȍȑ ȕȈȌ ȗȘȖșȖȔ
ǯȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȔȍȎȌț șȍȘȣȝ Țțȟ
ǶȚ ȝȖȓȖȌȈ ȎțȘȈȊȓȤ ȏȈȡȍȓȒȈȓ ȕȖșȖȔ
DzȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȐ ȘȎȈȊȣȑ ȒȓȦȟ
ǪȖȚ Ȋ ȖȚȘȣȊȖȟȕȣȝ Ȑ ȥșȒȐȏȕȣȝ șȚȐȝȈȝ ȚȖȚ ȗȍȑȏȈȎ șȘȍȌȐ
ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ șȓȖȎȐȓȐșȤ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȖȥȚȈ ǶȌȐȕȖȟȍșȚȊȖ ȗȘȐ-
ȊȖȌȐȓȖ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȖȚȟȈȧȕȐȍ Ȑ șȔțȡȈȓȖ ȍȋȖ ȖȘȐȋȐȕȈȓȤȕȣȑ Ȍțȝ
dzȖȊȧ Ȑ ȖȚȘȈȎȈȧ, ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ, ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ Ȗȕ ȕȍ
ȉȖȐȚșȧ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȍȕȐȑ ȉȓȍȌȕȣȔȐ ȖȚȚȍȕȒȈȔȐ Ȗȕ ȊȈȘȤȐ-
ȘțȍȚ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖșȚȐ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȐȔ șȚȖȓȤ ȓȦȉȐȔȖȑ ǵȖ ȏȈȚȖ șȒȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȚȘȖȋȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȊȐȌȍȕȐȑ DzȈȒȈȧ ȒȘȈșȐȊȈȧ ȜȈȕȚȈ-
ȏȐȧ DzȈȒ ȓȍȋȒȖ șȓȖȊȈ șȓȈȋȈȦȚșȧ ț ȕȍȋȖ Ȋ șȚȐȝ ȏȈȊȐȌȕȖȑ șȊȍ-
ȎȍșȚȐ ǪȖȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȈȔȐ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ șȓȈȌȖșȚȘȈșȚȤȧ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȕț-
ȚȈȧ ȞȍȓȖȔțȌȘȐȍȔ
ǵȈ ȊȓȈȎȕȖȔ ȊȍȘȍșȒȍ Țȣ ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȖȉȕȈȎȍȕȕȖȑ
ǪȖȚ ȊȈȔ ȌȘțȋȈȧ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ ș ȊȣȘȈȎȍȕȐȍȔ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȐȕȚȐȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȟțȊșȚȊȈ
ǪȍșȤ ȖșȈȔȐ ȕȈȗȖȓȕȍȕ Ȑ ȘȖȏȈȔȐ ȕȈȠ ȌȖȔ
ǷȓȈȟ ȓȦȉȊȐ Ȑ ȎȈȓȖșȚȐ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȡȐȑșȧ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ
ǷȘȈȊȖ ȓȦȉ Ȕȕȍ ȚȖȚ Ȗșȍȓ
ǿȚȖ ȗȖȌ ȗȈȌțȉȖȔ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ
Ƿȟȍȓ Ȗȕ ȖȉȝȖȌȐȚ
ǻȠȈȔȐ ȗȖȊȖȌȐȚ
ǰ ȊȖȏȐȚ ȊȍșȤ ȌȍȕȤ
ǩȍȌȕȧȒȖȊ ȌȈ ȧȟȔȍȕȤ
ǹȒȘȖȔȕȈȧ ȥȓȍȋȐȧ Ȋ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ șȚȘȖȒȈȝ ȗȖȓȕȣȝ țșȚȈȓȖȑ
ȔȧȋȒȖȑ ȔțȏȣȒȐ — Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ȖȌȕȈ ȕȍ șȖȊșȍȔ țȌȈȟȕȈ

89
ǰ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȧșȕȖȍ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȤȍ ȌȍȘȍȊȍȕȤȒȐ
ǰ ȋțșȐ ȉȍȓȣȍ Ȉȝ ȉȍȓȣȍ ȒȈȒ șȖȓȤ —
ǹ ȓȦȉȖȊȤȦ șȊȧȏȈȕȣ ȟȚȖ țȎ ȉȣȓȈ ȌȈȊȕȖ
DzȈȒ ȌȓȐȕȕȣȑ ȚȍȔȕȣȑ ȗțȚȤ Ȓ șȊȧȚȖȑ ǹțșȈȕȕȍ
ǷȖ ȐșȚȍȟȍȕȐȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȐȓȐ ȌȊțȝ ȓȍȚ ȖȌȕȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȑ ȎȐȏ-
ȕȐ ȗȖȥȚ ȌȖșȚȐȋȈȍȚ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȖȋȖ șȈȔȖșȖȏȕȈȕȐȧ ǿțȊ-
șȚȊȈ ȍȋȖ ȐȕȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȐȖȉȘȍȚȈȦȚ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘ ȚȖșȒȓȐȊȖȑ ȎȈȓȖȉȣ
ǷȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ ȟțȊșȚȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȍȋȖ țșȐȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȌȖ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȥȒȏȈȓȤ-
ȚȈȞȐȐ ǪȣșȚțȗȈȧ ȉȍȏ șȚȣȌȓȐȊȖȋȖ ȗȖȒȘȖȊȈ ș ȗȖȓȕȖȑ ȖȚȒȘȖ-
ȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤȦ ȕȖ șȖȗȘȖȊȖȎȌȈȍȔȈȧ ȎȐȊȣȔ ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȕȈ
ȖșȚȈȍȚșȧ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȟȐșȚȖȦ
ǷȖȥȔȈ Ȋ ȌȐȈȓȖȋȈȝ «Un Jour» ȘȈșȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȈȔȐ Ȋ
ȘȍȈȓȤȕȖ-ȕȍȎȕȣȝ ȒȘȈșȒȈȝ ȚȘȐ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȖȑ ȌțȠȐ
ȋȖȘȌȣȕȦ ȓȐȟȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȟțȊșȚȊȖ Ȑ ȟțȊșȚȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ǿȍȚȣȘȍ
șȞȍȕȣ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȗȖȥȏȐȧ ȗȈȘȐȚ ȕȈȌ ȔȖȕȖȚȖȕȕȖȑ ȋȘțșȚȕȖȑ
ȎȐȏȕȤȦ ǿȍȚȣȘȍ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȣ ȗȘȖșȚȣȍ ș ȖȚȚȍȕȒȖȔ ȚȖȑ ȕȈȐȊ-
ȕȖșȚȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ șȖȏȍȘȞȈȍȚ șȈȔȈ șȍȉȧ Ȑ șȖȏȕȈȍȚ șȊȖȦ ȒȘȈșȖȚț
ǫȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȧȘȟȍ Ȑ ȗȘȈȊȌȐȊȍȍ ȟȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȝȖȌțȓȤȕȣȍ ȜȘȈȏȣ ȔȐȘȈ
ȥȚȈ ȗȖȥȔȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȕȈȔ ȖȌȐȕ ȌȍȕȤ ȖȌȕț șȚȘȈȕȐȞț ȎȐȏȕȐ
ȗȖȥȚȈ ǪȕȍȠȕȐȑ ȔȐȘ Ȗȕ ȊȖșȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȍȚ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȗȘȐȏȔț ȋȘț-
ȉȖȋȖ ȖȡțȡȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȊșȧȒȐȑ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ǯȈȚȍȔ ȗțȚȍȔ ȈȉșȚ-
ȘȈȒȞȐȐ Ȗȕ ȊȣȌȍȓȧȍȚ Ȑȏ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȖȡțȡȍȕȐȧ Ȋșȍ ȟȚȖ ȍșȚȤ Ȋ ȕȍȔ
șȐȔȊȖȓȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ Ȋșȍ ȟȚȖ ȐȔȍȍȚ ȈȉșȖȓȦȚȕȖȍ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȍ Ǫșȧ
ȗȖȥȔȈ ȗȖȓȕȈ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȝ șȚȘȖȋȐȝ șȚȐȝȖȊ ǫȍȕȐȑ ȐșȚȐȕȕȖȋȖ
ȗȖȥȚȈ ȘȈȏȊȐȊȈȧșȤ șȊȍȘȒȈȍȚ ȏȌȍșȤ ȒȈȒ șȖȓȕȍȟȕȣȑ ȓțȟ șȒȊȖȏȤ
ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȤ ȌȐȒȖȑ ȈȒȈȞȐȐ
ǶȚ ȕȍȎȕȖȑ ȔȈȚȍȘȐ șȍȌȍȦȡȍȑ Țȣ ȘȖȌȐȓșȧ
ǷȖȌȖȉȕȣ ȓȍȉȍȌȧȔ Țȍ ȟȚȖ ȉȍȌȕȣ Ȑ ȋȖȘȌȣ
ǶȕȈ ȊȍȌȤ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ — ȚȖșȒț Țȣ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ șȒȘȣȚȤ —
ǵȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ ȌȊțȝ ȌțȠ Ȋ șȍȉȍ ȊȔȍșȚȐȚȤ
Ƕ ȗȍȑ ȓȖȉȏȈȕȤȧ ȕȍȎȕȖȑ ȔȐȓȖȑ
ǪȍȌȤ șȓȍȏȣ ȎȍȕșȒȐȍ șȖȓȍȕȣ Ȑ țȕȣȓȣ
DzȈȒ ȔȖȘȍ ȟȚȖ ȖȚȊȈȎȕȣȔ — ȓȐȠȤ ȔȖȋȐȓȈ

ǵȍ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȓȖȊȒȖșȚȤ ȕȍȉȘȍȎȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍ-
ȋȖ șȚȐȝȈ ȗȘȐȌȈȍȚ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖȑ ȔȣșȓȐ ȖȚȚȍȕȖȒ ȔȧȋȒȖȋȖ ȦȔȖȘȈ?
ǴȕȖȋȖ țȓȣȉȖȒ Ȋ ȗȖȥȏȐȐ ǼȘȈȕșȐșȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ ǵȍ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ — ȧ ȓȦȉȓȦ țȓȣȉȒț
ǺȈȒȖȊ ȥȚȖȚ ȗȖȥȚ ǭȋȖ ȐșȒȘȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖȟȚȐ șȔțȡȈȍȚ ȕȍ șȊȖȍȑ
ȕȈȐȊȕȖșȚȤȦ Ȉ șȒȖȘȍȍ — ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤȦ Ƕȕ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȘȖȌȕȣȍ
ȗȍȑȏȈȎȐ ȖȎȐȊȈȦȚ ȗȖȌ ȍȋȖ ȊȏȋȓȧȌȖȔ Ȑ Ȍțȉȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ ȚȘȍȗȍ-
ȚȖȔ șȊȖȍȑ ȓȐșȚȊȣ ǻȚȍșȣ șȊȍȘȒȈȦȚ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȗȈȏȣ Ƕȕ ȘȈșșȒȈ-
ȏȣȊȈȍȚ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ șȊȍȘȝȢȍșȚȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȔȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ Ȗ
ȎȐȏȕȐ Țȍȝ ȟȈșȖȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȋȘȍȏȐȚ ș ȏȈȒȘȣȚȣȔȐ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ Ǫ
ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȔ ȚțȔȈȕȍ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖ șȗȓȍȚȈȦȚșȧ ȔȍȎȌț șȖȉȖȦ ȗȘȐ-
ȘȖȌȈ Ȑ ȔȍȟȚȣ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȔ ȋȈȘȔȖȕȐȟȕȖȔ ȘȐȚȔȍ ȟȚȖ ȖȉȘȈȏțȦȚ
ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȖȌȕț ȓȐȕȐȦ ȖȌȕȖ ȖȟȈȘȖȊȈȕȐȍ
ǰ ȓȐȕȐȧ ț ȕȐȝ ȒȈȒ ȓȐȓȐȧ ȕȍȎȕȈ
ǻȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȗȖȘȈ ȊȖ ȐȔȧ șȗȘȈȊȍȌȓȐȊȖșȚȐ țȊȍȕȟȈȚȤ șȓȈ-
ȊȖȑ ȥȚȖȚ ȚȈȓȈȕȚ ǩțȌȍȔ Ȍȓȧ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ țȌȖȊȖȓȤ-
șȚȊȐȧ ȗȖȟȈȡȍ ȊȌȣȝȈȚȤ ȈȘȖȔȈȚ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȥȏȐȐ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȗȕ șȈȔ
ȕȈȏȊȈȓ ȗȖȥȏȐȍȑ ȉȍȓȣȝ ȘȖȏ

91
ǰȓȤȧ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋ
ȂǾǮǻǿǶǿ ǴǮǺǺ
Ǽ ǮȈȔȔ ȘȖȌȐȓșȧ -ȋȖ ȌȍȒȈȉȘȧ  ȋ Ȋ ȌȍȘȍȊțȠȒȍ ǺțȘ-
Ȕȍ Ȋ ǷȐȘȍȕȍȧȝ ǬȍȌ ȍȋȖ ȐșȒȈȚȍȓȤ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȑ Ȋ ȔȖȓȖȌȖ-
șȚȐ ȗȖȒȐȕțȓ ȘȖȌȐȕț Ȑ țȍȝȈȓ ȕȈ ǨȕȚȐȓȤșȒȐȍ ȖșȚȘȖȊȈ Ǫ ȌȍȚșȚ-
șȚȊȍ ǮȈȔȔ ȟȈșȚȖ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣ ȌȖȔȈȠȕȐȝ Ȗ ȕȍȔ Ȑ ș
ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚșȚȊȖȔ ȋȓȧȌȍȓ ȕȈ șțȕȌțȒ Ȑȏ ȒȈȔȜȈȘȕȖȋȖ ȌȍȘȍȊȈ Ȑ ȕȈ
ȧȘȒȐȍ ȚȒȈȕȐ ȗȘȐȊȍȏȍȕȕȣȍ ȌȍȌȖȔ Ȑȏ ȗțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȐȧ ȅȚȐ ȊȖș-
ȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȧ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈȔȐ ȘȖȌȕȖȑ ȗȘȐȘȖȌȣ Ȑ ȗȍȘȊȣȔȐ
ȘȍȓȐȋȐȖȏȕȣȔȐ ȖȡțȡȍȕȐȧȔȐ ǮȈȔȔ ȗȘȖȕȍș ȟȍȘȍȏ Ȋșȍ șȊȖȍ
ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȚȊȖ ǻȍȝȈȊ Ȋ ǩȖȘȌȖ țȟȐȚȤșȧ ǮȈȔȔ ȚȈȔ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȐșȈȚȤ
șȚȐȝȐ ȒȖȕȟȐȊ ȒȖȓȓȍȌȎ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖ Ȋ ǷȐȘȍȕȍȐ Ȋ ȔȈ-
ȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȋȖȘȖȌȐȠȒȖ ǶȘȚȍȏ ǯȌȍșȤ Ȋ  ȋ Ȗȕ ȐȏȌȈȓ șȊȖȑ
ȗȍȘȊȣȑ șȉȖȘȕȐȒ șȚȐȝȖȊ DzȕȐȋȈ ȒȘȐȚȐȒȈȔȐ ȉȣȓȈ ȊșȚȘȍȟȍȕȈ
ȕȈșȔȍȠȒȈȔȐ ȗȖȥȚȈ Ȋ ȕȍȖȉȣȟȕȖ ȘȍȏȒȖ ȘȍȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȊȣȘȈ-
ȎȍȕȐȧȝ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȊȠȍȋȖ Ȗ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȐ ȖȉȊȐȕȧȓȐ Ȋ ©ȕȍȊȍ-
ȎȍșȚȊȍª Ȑ ©ȗȘȖȏȈȐȟȕȖșȚȐª ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȓȍȚ ȗȖ-
șȓȍ ©ǶȌȕȖȋȖ Ȍȕȧª ȒȘȐȚȐȒȈ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȚȤ Ȋ ǮȈȔ-
Ȕȍ ȗȖȥȚȈ ȊȣȌȈȦȡȍȋȖșȧ Ȑ șȊȖȍȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȋȖ
ǬȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȒȚȖ ȏȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ țȔȍȓ ȚȈȒ
ȉȓȐȏȒȖ Ȑ ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȗȖȌȖȑȚȐ Ȓ ȗȘȐȘȖȌȍ Ȋ ȘȖȌȐȔȣȝ
ȗȖȓȧȝ Ȑ ȘȍȒȈȝ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȕȍ ȜȖȕ Ȍȓȧ șȊȖȐȝ ©șȓȖȎȕȣȝ ȗȍȘȍȎȐ-
ȊȈȕȐȑª Ȉ șȊȖȍ ȖșȖȉȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȤȦ șȐȓȤȕȖȍ ǪȖ ȊȚȖȘȖȔ șȉȖȘ-
ȕȐȒȍ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș ȋȘțșȚȕȣȔȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖ ȧșȕȣȔȐ ȥȓȍ-
ȋȐȧȔȐ ȏȊțȟȈȚ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȘȍȓȐȋȐȖȏȕȣȍ ȔȖȚȐȊȣ ©ȟȍȚȣȘȕȈȌ-
ȞȈȚȤ ȔȖȓȐȚȊª Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ǮȈȔȔ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȓȦȉȐȔțȦ ȏȍȔ-
ȓȦ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȖ ȗȈȘț ȊȍșȍȕȕȐȝ ȗȖȓȍȑ ȓȍȋȒȖ ȊȖșȝȖȌȐȚ Ȓ ȕȍȉț
ǺȘȍȚȤȧ ȒȕȐȋȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ «LeTriomphe de la Vie», ȊȣȏȊȈȓȈ ȖșȖ-
ȉȍȕȕȖ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȈȌȖȒ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ©ȥșȚȍȚȖȊª ǮȈȔȔ ȘȍȠȐȓ-
șȧ ȏȈȚȘȖȕțȚȤ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ©ȏȈȗȘȍȚȕȣȍª ȚȍȔȣ ȗȖșȚȈ-
ȊȐȊ ȥȗȐȋȘȈȜȖȔ Ȓ ȒȕȐȋȍ ©ǰ ȥȚȖ ȎȐȏȕȤª ǶȒȖȓȖ  ȋ Ȋ
ȌțȠȍ ȗȖȥȚȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȍȓ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț
ȘȍȓȐȋȐȐ Ȑ ȞȍȘȒȊȐ

ǹȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȧ ș ȌȍȚșȚȊȈ ȘȍȓȐȋȐȖȏȕȖ ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȕȕȣȑ
ș ȌțȠȖȑ ȗȖȒȖȑȕȖȑ Ȑ ȘȍȉȧȟȍșȒȐ ȧșȕȖȑ ǮȈȔȔ ȓȍȋȒȖ Ȑ ȗȘȧȔȖ
ȗȘȐȠȍȓ Ȓ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȕȖȑ ȗȈȗȍȘȚȐ ǭȋȖ ȒȕȐȋȈ «Clairières dans ȍ
ǹielª ȏȈȝȊȈȚȣȊȈȍȚ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȖȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȕȈȠȍȌȠȍȋȖ ȊȍȓȐȒțȦ
ȗȘȈȊȌț ȅȚȖ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋ șȍȘȌȞȈ ȘȈȕȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȓțȋȖȔ ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ ȕȖ
ȖȡțȡȈȦȡȍȋȖ țȎȍ șȍȔȍȕȈ ȗȘȐȔȐȘȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȓȦȉȊȐ Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌ-
ȕȍȑ ȒȕȐȋȍ ©ǽȘȐșȚȐȈȕșȒȐȝ ȋȍȖȘȋȐȒȈȝª ǮȈȔȔ ȗȖȒȐȕțȓ ©șȊȖ-
ȉȖȌȕȣȑ șȚȐȝª Ȑ ȗȖȚȍȘȗȍȓ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȕȍțȌȈȟț ȍȋȖ ȈȓȍȒșȈȕȌ-
ȘȐȑșȒȐȍ șȚȘȖȜȣ ȕȍȗȘȐȊȣȟȕȖ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣ ǵȖ țȎȍ Ȋ șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘ-
ȕȖȔ ȗȘȖȓȖȋȍ ȗȤȍșȣ «La Brebis Egaree», Ȗȕ ȊșȚȈȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȈ-
ȔȐ ș ȗȘȍȎȕȍȑ șȐȓȖȑ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖȚȖȑ
ǮȈȔȔ ȎȐȊȍȚ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕȖ Ȋ ǶȘȚȍȏȍ Ȑ ȕȍ ȊȣȕȖșȐȚ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ
ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ ǭȋȖ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȗȘȖșȊȍȚȓȍȕȕȈȧ Ȑ ȞȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȒȈȓȈ Ȓ
ȕȍȔț ȔȕȖȋȐȝ ȌȘțȏȍȑ șȘȍȌȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȉȣȓȐ ǹȈȔȍȕ ǫȍȘȍȕ Ȑ
DzȈȘȤȍȘ
ǪȓȐȧȕȐȍ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȕȈ ȔȖȓȖȌȣȝ ȗȖȥȚȖȊ șȐȓȤȕȖ Ȑ ȉȓȈȋȖ-
ȚȊȖȘȕȖ ȖȕȖ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȍȚ ȐȔ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȓȐȚȍȘȈȚțȘȕȣȝ țș-
ȓȖȊȕȖșȚȍȑ ǾȍȓȖȍ ȗȖȒȖȓȍȕȐȍ șȔ șȚȐȝȐ ǪȐȓȤȌȘȈȒȈ DzȘȖșȈ
Ǩ ǮȈȕȈ Ȑ ȌȘ
 ȊȣȘȖșȓȖ ȕȈ ȓȦȉȊȐ Ȓ ȗȖȥȏȐȐ ǮȈȔȔȈ
DzȘȖȔȍ șȚȐȝȖȊ ǮȈȔȔ ȕȈȗȐșȈȓ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȕțȦ ©ǰșȚȖȘȐȦ ȏȈȑ-
ȞȈª ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȊȍșȚȍȑ Ȗ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈȝ ȎȐȊȠȐȝ Ȋ țșȈȌȤȉȈȝ -ȝ
ȋȖȌȖȊ ȗȤȍșț ©ǯȈȉȓțȌȠȈȧ ȖȊȞȈª Ȑ ȌȘ
DzȕȐȋȐ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȐȏȌȈȕȣ «Mercure de France»: ǹȚȐȝȐ De
l'Angelus de l'Aube a l'Angelus du Soir (1888-1891) — Le Deuil
des Primevères (1898-1900) — Le Triomphe de la Vie (1900-
1901) — Clairières dans le Ciel (1902-1906) — Les Georgiques
Chrétiennes.  ǷȘȖȏȈ Le Roman du Lievre — Pensee des
Jardins — Ma fille Bernadette — Feuilles en Vent.
Ƕ ǮȈȔȔȍ șȔ E. Pilon Francis Jammes et le sentiment de
la Nature «Mercure de France» 1908 — A. de Bersancourt
Francis Jammes poete Chretien.
ǷȖ-ȘțșșȒȐ șȔ ǹȚȐȝȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖȏȈ ǼȘȈȕșȐșȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȊȖȌȣ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ Ȑ ǭ ȀȔȐȌȚ ǴȖșȒȊȈ  ȖȒȖȓȖ  șȚȐȝ.
©ǰșȚȖȘȐȧ ȏȈȑȞȈª Ȑ ȌȘ
 Ǹ Ȍȍ-ǫțȘȔȖȕ DzȕȐȋȈ ǴȈșȖȒ șȚȈȚȤȧ
DzȘȦȟȒȖȊȈ Ȋ ©ǶȟȈȘȖȊȈȕȕȖȔ ǹȚȘȈȕȕȐȒȍª  — DzȘȦȟȒȖȊ ȋȖ-
ȚȖȊȐȚ ȒȕȐȋț ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȖȊ ǮȈȔȔȈ

93
ǬȐȔȐȚȘȐȑ DzȘȦȟȒȖȊ
ȄdzǾǸǼǰȊ ǰ ǹǶǿȀǰdz
ȂȞȎțȟȖȟ ǴȎȚȚ
Ǩȏ ȍșȔȤ ȌȊȍȘȤ ǴȕȖȦ Ȉȡȍ ȒȚȖ
ȊȕȐȌȍȚ șȗȈșȍȚșȧ ǰ ȊȕȐȌȍȚ Ȑ
ȐȏȣȌȍȚ Ȑ ȗȈȎȐȚȤ ȖȉȘȧȡȍȚ
ǭȊ ȖȚ ǰȖȈȕȕȈ ȋȓ  șȚ 

ǺȈȒȖȑ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȑ ȗȖȥȚ ȗȘȐȍȔȓȍȔȣȑ ȐșȒȘȍȕȕȖ Ȑ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ
ȕȍȔȕȖȋȐȔȐ șȍȘȌȞȈȔȐ ȊȓȦȉȓȍȕȕȣȑ Ȋ ȘȐȚȔ ȖȉȣȌȍȕȕȖȋȖ Ȋ
ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕțȦ ȊȍȟȕțȦ ȕȍșȒȖȕȟȈȍȔțȦ șȔȍȕț șȍȓȤșȒȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȚ,
ȕȈȉȖȎȕȣȑ ȒȈȚȖȓȐȒ ȊȍȘȕȣȑ ȗȘȍȌȈȕȕȣȑ șȣȕ ȘȐȔșȒȖȑ ǾȍȘȒ-
ȊȐ ǴȍȌȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȍȓȐȟȈȊȣȔ ȘȈȏȔȍȘȍȕȕȣȔ șȚȐȝȖȔ ȗȖȍȚ Ȗȕ
ȗȈȝȈȘȧ Ȑ ȎȕȍȞȈ ȍȋȖ șȗȖȒȖȑȕțȦ ȔȍȘȕțȦ ȎȐȏȕȤ
«ǴȖȑ ȘȐȚȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȚșȧ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȖ ȊȖȓȕȍ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖȑ ȐȓȤ ȗȖ-
șȚțȗȐ ȚȖȓȗȣ ȚȧȎȍȓȖȑ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖȑ Ȑ ȉȖȋȖȔȖȓȤȕȖȑ» * .
Ǫ ȗȘȍȌȐșȓȖȊȐȐ Ȓ ȘțșșȒȖȔț ȐȏȌȈȕȐȦ șȚȐȝȖȊ ǮȈȔȔȈ Ȋ
ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȍ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ Ȑ ȅ ȀȔȐȌȚ ȈȊȚȖȘ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ ȗȖȥȚȈȝ
©ȟȤȧ ȔțȏȈ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȓȈ ȧȘȔȈȘȖȟȕțȦ ȈȒȘȖȉȈȚȒț ț ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ
ȓȖȗȈȦȚșȧ ȠȚȈȕȣ ȗȖȌ ȈȗȓȖȌȐșȔȍȕȚȣ șȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȝșȧ ȕȈ șȖ-
șȚȧȏȈȕȐȍª ǰ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȍȚȒȖȍ șȘȈȊȕȍȕȐȍ
ȔȖȋȓȖ ȗȘȐȑȚȐ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȓȐȠȤ ȚȖȔț ȒȚȖ șȓȈȊȐȚ ȗȘȖșȚțȦ
șȍȓȤșȒțȦ ȎȐȏȕȤ ț ȒȖȋȖ Ȉȕȋȍȓȣ ȕȍ ȗȖȝȖȌȧȚ ȕȈ ǩȖȚȐȟȍȓ-
ȓȐȍȊșȒȐȍ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȍ ȚȍȕȐ ǵȍȚ Ȉȕȋȍȓȣ — ȎȕȍȞȣ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȣȍ
ȘțȔȧȕȣȍ ȒȘȣȓȈȚȣȍ ȗȖșȓȈȕȕȐȒȐ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȍ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȐ
ȉȓȈȋȖȟȍșȚȐȊȖȋȖ șȍȓȧȕȐȕȈ — ȊȖȚ ȔȐȘ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȔȐȘ ȌțȠȐșȚȣȝ
șțȔȍȘȍȒ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȚȕȣȝ țȚȘ ȚȐȝȐȝ ȏȊȍȏȌȕȣȝ ȕȖȟȍȑ ȖȚȌȣȝȈ
ȏȈșȓțȎȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȚȧȎȒȐȔ ȕȍțșȚȈȕȕȣȔ ȌȕȍȊȕȣȔ ȚȘțȌȖȔ
©Ǵȣ ȉȣȓȐª ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǮȈȔȔ ȗȘȖ șȍȉȧ Ȑ șȊȖȐȝ ȌȘțȏȍȑ-
* ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɉɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ ɰɢɬɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɭ ɂ ɗɪɟɧɛɭɪɝɚ ɢ
ɗ ɒɦɢɞɬ ɰɢɬɚɬɵ ɢɡ ɤɧɢɝɢ ©ɏɪɢɫɬɢɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɝɟɨɪɝɢɤɢª ɩɟɪɟɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɦɧɨɸ ɜ
ɩɪɨɡɟ Ɇɧɨɸ ɠɟ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɢɯɨɬɜɨɪɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɧɢɝɢ ɤ ɛɥɢ-
ɠɚɣɲɟɣ ɨɫɟɧɢ

94
ȗȖȥȚȖȊ ©ȋȘȐȜȜȍȕȐșȚȖȔ ȘȍȕȤȍȘȐșȚȖȔ șȈȔȔȍȐșȚȖȔ ȎȈȔ-
ȔȐșȚȖȔ — ȒȈȎȌȣȑ Ȋ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ». ǰ ȥȚȖ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȍ șȓȖȊȖ
ȚȈȒȖȍ ȕțȎȕȖȍ Ȍȓȧ ȘțșșȒȖȑ ȗȖȥȏȐȐ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȋȖ Ȍȕȧ — ȖȚ-
ȊȈȎȕȈȧ șȈȔȖșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕȖȍ țșȚȘȍȔȓȍȕȐȍ Ȓ șȈ-
ȔȖȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȐȐȖ DzȈȒ ȝȖȚȍȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚ ȖȚ ȌȍȓȈȕ-
ȕȖȑ ȕȈȌȖȍȌȓȐȊȖȑ ȠȚȈȔȗȖȊȈȕȕȖȑ ©ȥȒȏȖȚȐȒȐª Ȓ ȟȈȘȈȔ ȓȍ-
șȈ țȚȘȍȕȕȐȝ ȏȖȘȤ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȝ șȚȘțȑ ȋȖȘȕȣȝ ȘȍȟȍȒ ȗȖȦȡȐȝ
ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȖȍ ȕȖ ȉȓȐȏȒȖȍ Ȑ ȔȐȓȖȍ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ ȝȘțșȚȈȓȤ-
ȕȖȔ ȧȏȣȒȍ Ǩ ȊȔȍșȚȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȊȐȌȐȠȤ ȗȖȊșȦȌț ©ȗȖȥȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ
ȟȐȕȖȊȕȐȒȖȊª ȏȈȚȧȕțȚȣȝ Ȋ ©ȥȒȏȖȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȔțȕȌȐȘȣª ȗȖȌȖȉ-
ȕȖ ȋȍȘȖȦ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈ dzȍȖȕȐȌȈ ǨȕȌȘȍȍȊȈ ©ȓȦȉȧȡȍȔț ȕȍȋȘȐȚȧ-
ȕȖȒª DzȈȒȖȑ șȒțȒȖȑ Ȑ șȈȔȖȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖȑ ȏȈȚȝȓȖșȚȤȦ ȕȈȌȖȍȌ-
ȕȖȑ ©ȓȐȚȍȘȈȚțȘȡȐȕȖȑª ȊȍȍȚ ȖȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȏȈȝȖȓțșȚȕȖȋȖ ȡȍȋȖ-
ȓȧȕȤȧ Ȋ ȟțȎȐȝ ȖȉȚȘȍȗȈȕȕȣȝ ȓȖȝȔȖȚȤȧȝ Ȋ ȏȈșȈȓȍȕȕȣȝ șȖ-
șȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȝ Ȑȏ ȗȍșȚȘȣȝ ȒțșȖȟȒȖȊ ȚȖȋȈȝ ©ȈȒȔȍȐȏȔȖȊª Ȑ ȗȘȖ-
ȟȐȝ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȈȍȔȣȝ ©ȐȏȔȖȊª ǶȌȕȖ ȘȖȌȕȐȚ Ȋșȍ
ȥȚȐ șȒțȟȕȣȍ Ȑ ȕȍȓȍȗȣȍ ȊȣȌțȔȒȐ — ȖȉȡȈȧ ȉȍșȚȈȓȈȕȕȖșȚȤ
ǮȈȔȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȕȈȔ Ȗ șȚȣȌȓȐȊȖșȚȐ DzȘȈșȖȚȣ ǰ ȗȖȌȓȐȕ-
ȕȖ ȕțȎȕȖ ȗȖȌȖȑȚȐ ș ȔȖȓȐȚȊȖȑ Ȑ ȚȐȝȐȔ ȘȈȏȌțȔȤȍȔ Ȓ ȥȚȖȑ
ȓȍșȕȖȑ ȒȘȈșȈȊȐȞȍ — ȖȕȈ ȗțȋȓȐȊȈ ȖȕȈ țȚȖȕȟȍȕȕȈ ȖȚ ȕȍȍ ȗȈ-
ȝȕȍȚ ȕȍȉȖȔ Ȑ șȖȓȕȞȍȔ ȏȖȓȖȚȖȔ ȘȎȐ ȚȖȕȒȐȔ ȈȘȖȔȈȚȖȔ
ȗȖȉȓȍȒȠȍȋȖ ȠȍȓȒȈ Ȑ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȓȈȌȈȕȈ ȗȘȐȚȊȖȘȈȔȐ
ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȝ șȔȐȘȍȕȕȣȝ șȍȓȤșȒȐȝ ȞȍȘȒȊȍȑ
ǰ ȍȡȍ ȟȍȘȚȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ — Ȗȕ ȒȈȚȖȓȐȒ ǵȍ ȔȐșȚȐȒ ȕȍ ȚȍȖ-
șȖȜ Ȉ ȊȍȘȕȣȑ ȗȖȒȖȘȕȣȑ șȣȕ ȘȐȔșȒȖȑ ǾȍȘȒȊȐ Ƕȕ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȚ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌȐșȓȖȊȐȐ Ȓ ©ǽȘȐșȚȐȈȕșȒȐȔ ȋȍȖȘȋȐȒȈȔ» ©ǵȈ ȗȖ-
ȘȖȋȍ ȥȚȖȑ ȒȕȐȋȐ ȖȉȢȧȊȓȧȦ ȟȚȖ ȧ — ȒȈȚȖȓȐȒ șȔȐȘȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȍ-
ȌȈȕȕȣȑ ȊșȍȔ ȊȍȓȍȕȐȧȔ ȔȖȍȋȖ ǷȈȗȣ ǭȋȖ ǹȊȧȚȍȑȠȍșȚȊȈ ǷȐȧ
; ȋȖȊȖȘȧȡȍȋȖ ȊȖ ȐȔȧ ȐșȚȐȕȕȖȋȖ ǩȖȋȈª DzȈȒȈȧ ȗȘȖșȚȖȚȈ Ȑ
ȗȓȍȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȕȍȎȕȈȧ ȕȈȐȊȕȈȧ ȘȈȌȖșȚȤ Ȋ ȍȋȖ
ȕȍȔȕȖȋȐȝ șȓȖȊȈȝ ǺȖȟȕȖ ȥȚȖȚ ȗȖȥȚ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ Ȓ ȕȈȔ Ȑȏ Țȍȝ
ȗȓȍȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ șțȔȍȘȍȒ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȓȦȌȐ ȗȓȈȔȍȕȍȓȐ ȓȦȉȖȊȤȦ Ȓ
ȧȏȊȈȔ ǽȘȐșȚȖȊȣȔ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȍȎȍȟȈșȕȖ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ ȕȈ Ȋșȍȝ
ȒȖȕȞȈȝ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȖȚȘȖȒȐ Ȑ ȌȍȊȣ Ȏȍȕȣ Ȑ ȔțȎȐ ȊȍȕȟȈȓȐșȤ
ȕȐȔȉȖȔ șȊȧȚȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȣȍ ȕȍȉȍșȈ ǵȍ ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȕȈȗȐșȈȓ ǮȈȔȔ ȕȖ Ȋ ȒȈȎȌȖȑ ȒȕȐȋȍ ȍȋȖ ȉȤȍȚșȧ ȗȓȈȔȍȕȕȖȍ
șȍȘȌȞȍ ȧȘȒȖȑ ȓȈȔȗȈȌȖȑ șȊȍȚȐȚ șȗȈșȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȊȍȘȈ Ȋ ǰșȒț-
ȗȐȚȍȓȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ

95
ȇ ȉȣȓ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȖȔ ȋȘțșȚȕȣȔ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȚȣȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗȕ
ǫȘțșȚȤ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖȚȈ — ȊȖȚ ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȍ ȟȍȘȚȣ ȍȋȖ ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȚȊȈ
șȔȍȝ ȌȍȚȍȑ Ȑ ȈȕȋȍȓȖȊ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȍȕ — Ȑ Țȍ Ȑ ȌȘțȋȐȍ Ȋ ȘȈȑșȒȐȝ
ȋȘȍȏȈȝ Ȋ ȋȖȓțȉȣȝ șȕȈȝ ȊȐȌȧȚ ȓțȟȐșȚȖȍ ȉțȌțȡȍȍ șȊȍȘȒȈȦ-
ȡȍȍ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȍ «Ǫ ȔȐȘȍ șȒȖȘȉȕȐ ȉțȌȍȚȍ» — Ȑ șȈȔ ǹȒȈȏȈȊ-
ȠȐȑ ȥȚȖ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ șȔȍȧȓșȧ ǫȘțșȚȤ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȕȍ ȗȍȟȈȓȤ ȕȍ
ȉȍȏȕȈȌȍȎȕȖșȚȤ Ȉ ȚȖȘȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȈȧ ȏȈȒȈȚȕȖșȚȤ ȊȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȍ
ȈȘȖȔȈȚȕȖȍ Ȗ ȗȘȖȠȓȖȔ Ȑ ȏȘȍȦȡȈȧ ȕȍȒȖȓȍȉȐȔȈȧ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȈ
ȕȈ ǩțȌțȡȐȑ ǬȍȕȤ ǴȖȓȐȚȊȣ ȍȋȖ ȘȖȌȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȣȝ ȝȐȎȐ-
ȕȈȝ ț ȗȣȓȈȦȡȐȝ ȖȟȈȋȖȊ ț șȚȈȌ ȉȘȍȌțȡȐȝ ȗȖ ȋȖȘȈȔ Ȋ ȚȈȐȕ-
șȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȌțȠȐșȚȣȝ ȓȍșȈȝ Ƕȕ ȊȐȌȐȚ ǸȈȑ ȚȈȒ, ȒȈȒ Ȕȣ — ȗȖ-
ȊșȍȌȕȍȊȕȖșȚȤ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȥȚȖ — ȘȍȈȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȕȍ ȒȘȈșȐȊȣȑ ȔȐȜ
ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ Ȉ ȗȖȌȓȐȕȕȖȍ ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ ȎȐȓȐȡȍ ȕȍ-
țȊȧȌȈȦȡȈȧ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȤ ǰ Ȗȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ ȕȍȔ
ǰ șȌȍȓȈȑ, ǫȖșȗȖȌȐ ȟȚȖȉ ȧ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ȊȖȠȍȓ
DzȈȒ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȘȈȉȖȚȈȊȠȐȑ Ȗșȍȓ
DzȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȉȍȌȕȖșȚȤ ȒȘȖȚȒțȦ ȕȍșȍȚ
Dz ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖȑ ȟȐșȚȖȚȍ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȝ ȊȖȌ
DzȈȒȖȑ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȑ, ȕȍȎȕȣȑ ȊȍȕȖȒ ȔȖȎȕȖ șȗȓȍșȚȐ Ȑȏ ȕȈ-
ȏȊȈȕȐȑ ȒȕȐȋ ǮȈȔȔȈ, — ©ǶȚ țȚȘȍȕȐ ȌȖ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȐª ©ǷȍȟȈȓȤ
Ȋȍșȍȕª ©ǺȖȘȎȍșȚȊȖ ȎȐȏȕȐ», «ǵȍȉȍșȕȣȍ ȗȘȖșȊȍȚȣª ©ǽȘȐș-
ȚȐȈȕșȒȐȍ ȋȍȖȘȋȐȒȐ». ǴȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȉȓȈȋȖțȝȈȕȕȣȍ ȞȊȍȚȣ —
Ȑȝ ȕȍ șȒȖșȐȚ ǪȘȍȔȧ ȕȍ șȖȘȊțȚ șȈȔȖțȊȍȘȍȕȕȣȍ șȓȍȗȞȣ ȥȚȐ
ȒȕȐȋȐ — ȒȖȓȖșȤȧ ȘȎȐ ȗȘȐȕȍșȍȕȕȣȍ Ȋ ȌȈȘ ȔȓȈȌȍȕȞț — ǩȖȋț
Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȗȖȘȖȟȕȖȑ ǴȈȚȍȘȐ
ǬțȠȈ șȚȘȈȌȈȊȠȈȧ ȗȘȐ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȔȕȖȋȖ,
ǷȘȍȌ ȚȍȔ ȒȈȒ ȗȍȘȍȑȚȐ ȕȈȊȍȒ Ȋ ǵȍȉȍșȕȣȑ ǹȈȌ
ǷțșȒȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȖȒȍȈȕ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȑ ȗȘȍȌ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ
DzȖȓȍȉȓȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈȏȈȌ
ǬțȠȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ Ȕȣ ȟțȊșȚȊțȍȔ ȥȚȖ ȔȕȖȋȖ șȚȘȈȌȈȓȈ ȔȕȖȋȖ
ȓȦȉȐȓȈ ȕȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȈ ȔȐȘ Ȋȍȡȍ Ȑ ȔțȌȘȖ Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȐȌȍȚ ȗȖ
țșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȕȖȔț ȐȏȊȍȟȕȖȔț ȗțȚȐ ǷȖȥȚȈ ȘȈȌțȍȚ șȔȍȕȈ ȊȘȍ-
Ȕȍȕ ȋȖȌȈ — șȍȓȤșȒȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ Ȑ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȕȣȍ ȗȘȈȏȌȕȐȒȐ șȓȐ-
ȊȈȦȚșȧ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȓȦȉȐȔȣȑ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȚȕȣȑ ȒȘțȋ Ǫ ©ǽȘȐ-

96
șȚȐȈȕșȒȐȝ ȋȍȖȘȋȐȒȈȝª Ȗȕ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȚȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȈȔȐ ȥȚȖȚ
ȗȖȥȚȐȟȍșȒȖ-ȉȖȋȖșȓțȎȍȉȕȣȑ ȒȈȓȍȕȌȈȘȤ DzȕȐȋȈ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȍȕȈ ȕȈ
șȍȔȤ ȗȍșȍȕ Ȋșȍ ȖȕȐ ȚȍȒțȚ ȒȓȈșșȐȟȍșȒȐ-șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȊȍȓȐȟȈȊȖ
ȗȘȖșȚȖ ǮȈȚȊȈ aȕȋȍȓȣ-ȎȕȍȞȣ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȑ ȏȕȖȑȕȣȑ ȗȖȓȌȍȕȤ
— ȜȍȘȔȈ ȍȍ ȖȉȐȚȈȚȍȓȐ — șȒȘȖȔȕȣȍ țȘȈȊȕȖȊȍȠȍȕȕȣȍ Ȍț-
ȠȐ. ǰ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȏȕȖȍ ȘȖȎȌȈȍȚșȧ ȓȦȉȖȊȤ ȚȈȒȈȧ Ȏȍ ȗȘȖșȚȈȧ Ȑ
ȔȖȋțȟȈȧ ȒȈȒ ȉȍȏȋȘȈȕȕȖȍ ǵȍȉȖ ȒȈȒ ȏȖȓȖȚȣȍ ȗȖȓȧ ȊȖȓȕțȍ-
ȔȖȑ ȘȎȐ Ǩ ȕȈȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȗȖȒȖȍȔ ȕȈȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȉȓȈȋȖșȓȖȊȍȕȕȣȔ
ǸȐȚȔȖȔ — ǾȈȘșȚȊȖ ǺȖȋȖ DzȚȖ ȗȘȐȍȔȓȍȚ Ȋ ǶȚȍȟȍșȒȖȍ ȓȖȕȖ
ȎȕȍȞȖȊ ȔȍȓȤȕȐȒȖȊ, ȉțȓȖȟȕȐȒȖȊ, Ȓ DzȖȔț ȖȉȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖȥȚ ș
ȌȍȚșȒȖȦ ȔȖȓȤȉȖȑ «țȔȕȖȎȐȚȤ ȝȓȍȉȣ ȗȖ ǭȊȈȕȋȍȓȤșȒȖȔț șȓȖ-
Ȋțª ǪȍȟȍȘȕȐȑ ȈȕȋȍȓȦș ȊȍȕȟȈȍȚ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȖȥȚ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȍȚ șȊȖȦ
ȎȐȏȕȤ Ȑ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȚȍȔ ȒȚȖ ȉȓȐȏȖȒ ȍȔț, — ǶȊȐȌȐȦ Ȑ
ǪȍȘȋȐȓȐȦ ȐȔȍȕȈ ȥȚȐ ȚȈȒ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȝȖȚȍȓȖșȤ ȕȈȏȊȈȚȤ ȟȐȚȈȧ ȍȋȖ
țșȗȖȒȖȍȕȕȣȍ șȚȐȝȐ ǰ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȖ ȘȍȉȍȕȒț Ȗȕ ȊȘțȟȈȍȚ șȊȖȍ
șȍȘȌȞȍ ǩȖȋț «ȕȐȒȖȔț ȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖȍ șȍȘȌȞȍ» ǶȕȖ ȗȖȓȕȖ ȗȍȟȈ-
ȓȐ ȖȕȖ șȒȖȘȉȐȚ Ȑ ȗȓȈȟȍȚ — ȏȍȔȓȧ ȘȖȌȕȈȧ ȖșȒȊȍȘȕȍȕȕȈȧ
ȕȈșȐȓȐȍȔ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ ȉȍȏȌțȠȕȖȑ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȒțȓȤȚțȘȖȑ
șȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ ȉȍșȗȓȖȌȕȖȑ dzȖȕȖ ȍȍ ȏȈȔȒȕțȚȖ Ȍȓȧ Țȍȝ «ȟȚȖ ȕȖ-
șȧȚ ȕȈ ȟȍȓȍ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȐȧ ȗȍȟȈȚȤ» — ȖȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȍȚ șȍȔȧȕ
ȉȍȏȊȍȘȐȧ Ȑ ȓȖȎȕȖȑ șȈȔȖȕȈȌȍȧȕȕȖȑ ȔțȌȘȖșȚȐ ǵȖ ǰȐșțș ȊȖȏ-
ȊȣȠȈȍȚ ȗȈȌȠȍȍ ǻȑȌȧ ȖȚ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ șȊȧȚȖȋȖ ȚȘțȌȈ șȔȐȘȍȕ-
ȕȖȔțȌȘȣȍ ȗȖȌȊȐȎȕȐȒȐ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȟțȎȌȣȍ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȖȔț ȠțȔț Ȑ
ȖȉȔȈȕț șȚȖȧȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȈȓȚȈȘȍȔ ǽȘȐșȚȖȊȣȔ ǵȈșȚȈȍȚ ȔȐȋ ȟȚȖ
«ǭȊȝȈȘȐșȚȐȍȑ ȕȈȏȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ» — ȖȚȒȘȣȚȖ ǵȍȉȖ ȓȤȍȚșȧ ȊȐ-
ȕȖ ǮȐȏȕȐ Ȋ ȕȍȌȖșȚȐȎȐȔȖȑ ȋȖȓțȉȖȑ DzȈȕȍ ©ǰ șȓȈȊȈ ȗȖȓȍȑ
ȗȓȍȚȍȚ ȊȍȕȖȒ dzȦȉȊȐ — ǯȍȔȓȧ Ȑ ǵȍȉȖ ȊȔȍșȚȍ șȓȐȚȣ».
ǹ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȖȑ ȗȖȥȚ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȗȖ-
ȘȖȟȕȖȑ ǬȍȊȍ «ȕȍȎȕȖȑ șȔțȚȕȖȑ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖȑ» ǹȍȘȌȞȍ ȍȋȖ ȎȈȎ-
ȌȍȚ ȕȍȗȘȍȝȖȌȧȡȍȑ Ǫȍșȕȣ — ǴȍșșȐȐ ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ǹȣȕȈ
ȕȍȗȖȘȖȟȕȖȑ ǴȈȚȍȘȐ ǮȐȏȕȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȔ ȔȐȋ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȈȍȚșȧ
ǹȔȍȘȚȤȦ — ȖȌȕȖ ȔȋȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ — Ȑ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȖȚȧȋȖȡȍȕȕȣȍ șțȔ-
ȘȈȟȕȖȑ țșȚȈȓȖșȚȤȦ șȚȈȘȟȍșȒȐȝ ȓȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȚȘțȌȈȔȐ
Ȑ ȉȖȓȍȏȕȧȔȐ șȕȖȊȈ ȘȈșȒȘȣȊȈȦȚșȧ ȕȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ȏȍȔȓȍ Ȑ ȍȍ ȕȍ-
ȏȈȝȖȌȧȡȍȔț ǹȖȓȕȞț — ǽȘȐșȚț ǮȐȊȖȑ ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒ ȊȍȘȣ ȍȍ
ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȥȒșȚȈȏȈ ȕȈȗȖȧȍȚ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚțȦ ȗȍșȕȤ ©ǫȍȖȘȋȐȒ».
ǮȈȔȔ ȗȖȍȚ ȕȈȔ ǩȍȘȕȈȌȍȚȚț Ȋ dzțȘȌȍ Ȑ ȍȍ ȟțȌȖȌȍȑșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ
ȋȘȖȚ ǷȍȘȍȌ ȥȚȐȔ ȉȖȋȖȐȏȉȘȈȕȕȣȔ ȘȍȉȍȕȒȖȔ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȉȍș-

97
ȗȖȔȖȡȕȣȔ ȋȘȖȔȈȌȕȣȑ ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȚȈȓȈȕȚ ȅȔȐȓȧ
ǯȖȓȧ ǹȖȉȓȈȏȕȍȕȕȣȑ ȏȍȔȕȣȔȐ ȋȖȓȖșȈȔȐ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȘȈșșțȌȒȈȔȐ ǵȈțȒȐ Ȑ DzțȓȤȚțȘȣ ȝțȌȖȎȕȐȒ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȕȈȒȐȕțȚȤ
ȚȍȕȤ ȒȓȍȊȍȚȣ ȕȈ ȥȚț ȕȈȐȊȕțȦ ȗȈșȚțȠȒț ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ș ȚȈȒȖȑ
ȉȍȏȋȘȈȕȐȟȕȖȑ ȓȦȉȖȊȤȦ ȊȖȏȊȍȓȐȟȐȓȈ ǬȍȊȈ-ǴȈȚȤ ȖșȔȍȧȚȤ Ȑ
ȘȈȏȊȍȕȟȈȚȤ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȖȘȣȊ șȚȘȍȔȧȡȐȝșȧ Ȓ ȞȍȓȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖȔț ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒț ǵȖ ȚȈȓȈȕȚ ȍȋȖ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ ȗȘȖȚȍșȚȖȊȈȓ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ
ȗȖȘțȋȈȕȐȧ ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ǬțȝȈ — Ȑ ș ȒȈȒȐȔ șȒȖȘȉȕȣȔ ȕȍ-
ȌȖțȔȍȕȐȍȔ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȦȚșȧ ȐșșțȠȍȕȕȣȍ șțȍȚȕȣȔ ȋȕȍȊȖȔ
ȖȉȍșșȐȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȖȏȓȖȉȓȍȕȕȖȑ șȓȍȗȖȚȖȑ șȚȘȈȕȐȞȣ ©dzțȘȌȈª
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȟȐȚȈȍȠȤ ȗȘȖșȚȣȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȋȖȊȍȑȕȣȍ șȓȖȊȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ Ȗ
ȌȐȊȕȖȔ ȋȘȖȚȍ ǴȈșșȈȉȐȥȓȤ ǩȣȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȕȈȔ ȉȓȐȎȍ ȊșȍȋȖ
ȥȚȐ șȚȘȖȒȐ — ȊȍȌȤ Ȑ ț ȕȈș ȗȓȈȔȍȕȍȦȚ ȉȍșȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȓȈȔ-
ȗȈȌȣ ț ȌȘȈȋȖȞȍȕȕȣȝ ȘȈȒ, Ȓ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ șȍȘȔȧȎȕȈȧ ȉȖȋȈȚȈȧ Ȑș-
ȒȖȕȕȣȔ șȔȐȘȍȕȐȍȔ Ȑ ȔțȌȘȖșȚȤȦ ȔțȎȐȞȒȈȧ ǸțșȤ ȕȍșȍȚ șȊȖȐ
șȓȍȏȕȣȍ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȣ ȕȈȔ ȟȈȦȡȐȔ ǪȝȖȌȈ Ȋ ǹȊȍȚȓȣȑ ǫȘȈȌ
ȚȖȚ ǫȘȈȌ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȊȐȌȐȔ șȊȍȘȒȈȦȡȐȔ ȕȈ Ȍȕȍ ȌțȠȍȊȕȣȝ
ȖȏȍȘ ȚȍȔȕȍȦȡȐȝ ȏȍȔȕȣȔȐ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȧȔȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȊȍȚȓȍȕȕȣȝ
ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȚȤȦ ȊȍȘȣ
ǭȡȍ ȊȖ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȗȍșȕȐ ǮȈȔȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȕȈȔ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȐ-
ȕȐȔȈȍȚ Ȗȕ ǹȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ǫȖȘȖȌ ȘȈȏȊȘȈȚȐȚȍȓȤ ȌȍȊșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ
ǴȈȚȍȘȐ-ǯȍȔȓȐ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȗȖȥȚ ȐȌȍȚ ȗȖȓȧȔȐ ȗȖȌ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȔ
ȖȔȖȜȖȘȖȔ Ȑȏ ȉȓȍȌȕȖ-șȐȕȍȋȖ ȗpoȏȘȈȟȕȖȋȖ ȠȍȓȒȈ Ǩ Ȋ ȕȍȉȍ
șȚȘȍȔȐȚ ǨȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ — ȐȋȘțȠȒȈ ǬȤȧȊȖȓȈ ȖȉȔȈȕȕȈȧ ȔȍȟȚȈ șȊȖ-
ȉȖȌȣ ȖȉȍȡȈȕȕȖȑ ȘȈȑșȒȐȔ ǯȔȐȍȔ ǵȍȉȖ ȗȘȖȒȓȐȕȈȍȚ ȍȋȖ Ȑ Ȋ
șȚȘȈȝȍ ȔȟȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȉȍȏȌȖȕȕțȦ ȌȈȓȤ ȐșȗțȋȈȕȕȈȧ ȓȈșȚȖȟȒȈ ȟțȧ
ȉȐȍȕȐȍ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ șȍȘȌȞȈ șȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȖȘȓȐȞȣ ©ǪȍȌȤ Ȉȕ-
ȋȍȓȣ ȊȘȈȎȌȍȉȕȣ ǷȘȖȔȍȚȍȦ Ƕ ȕȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȏȍ țȊȐȎț ȧ Ȗȗțș-
ȚȖȠȍȕȕȖȑ ǯȍȔȓȦ" ǵȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȚȈȒ ǪȍȌȤ șȍȘȌȞȍ ȗȍȊțȟȍȍ ȋȖȚȖ-
ȊȖ ȎȐȚȤ ȗȖ ȏȈȗȖȊȍȌȐ ǩȖȎȤȍȑª ǮȈȔȔȈ șȚȘȈȠȐȚ ȎȍșȚȖȒȖșȚȤ
ȔȐȘȈ — Ȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ șȖ șȚȈȓȤȦ ȔȈȠȐȕ ș ȕȍțȔȖȓȐȔȖȑ ȟȍȚȒȖșȚȤȦ
ȘȍȓȤș ȠțȔȕȣȝ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȖȊ Ȑ șȗȍȠȈȡȐȝ țȓȐȞ Ȗȕ ȖȚȘȍȒȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ
ȖȚ ǷȘȖȔȍȚȍȧ ǩȍȏțȔȍȞ-ȗȖȝȐȚȐȚȍȓȤ ȗȓȈȔȍȕȐ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ǸȐȚȔȈ
ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȉȣȚȤ șȔȐȘȍȕȕȣȔ Ȑ ȕȐȡȐȔ ȌțȝȖȔ Ȑ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȏȈ-
ȒȘȣȓȐ ǪȘȈȚȈ ǾȈȘșȚȊ Ȉȕȋȍȓȣ-ȗȘȐȊȘȈȚȕȐȒȐ ȗpoȏȊțȟȈȓȐ șȚȘȈ-
Ƞȕȣȍ ȚȧȎȒȐȍ șȓȖȊȈ ©ǬȊȍȘȐ ǬȊȍȘȐª Ȑ ǩȖȎȍșȒȖȍ ǹȍȘȌȞȍ
ȏȈȔȒȕțȓȖșȤ Ȍȓȧ țȟȍȕȐȒȈ ǬȍȕȕȐȞȣ ȝȐȚȘȖțȔȕȖȋȖ ǯȔȐȧ ȗȘȍ-
ȓȤșȚȐȊȠȍȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȖȉȖȓȋȈȊȠȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȐ ǸȈȧ ǹȍȔȤ ȗȍșȍȕ

— șȍȔȤ ȓȈȔȗȈȌ ȏȈȗȘȍșȚȖȓȤȕȣȝ Ǩ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȚȐȠȐȕȈ șțȔȘȈȒ
ȏȈȗȈȝ ȓȈȌȈȕȈ ȔȈȒȐ ȧȏȊ ǽȘȐșȚȖȊȣȝ șȔțȚȕȖȍ ȌȣȝȈȕȐȍ ȔȖ-
ȓȐȚȊ ȌȈȓȍȒȐȝ Ȑ ȗȓȈȔȍȕȕȣȝ ǴȈȓȈȧ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȈȧ ȓțȟȍ-
ȏȈȘȕȖȑ ȏȊȍȏȌȍ ǩȓȈȋȖȌȈȚȐ ȖȌȍȚȈȧ ȓȐșȚȊȖȑ ȏȍȓȍȕȣȔ ȒȓȖȉț-
ȒȖȔ ǷȘȐȘȖȌȣ șȔȐȘȍȕȕȖȔțȌȘȖȑ ȐȕȖȒȐȕȐ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȘȈȌȖșȚ-
ȕȖȑ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȉȖȋȖȐȏȉȘȈȕȕȖȑ ǺȈȒȖȊȖ ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȚȊȖ ǮȈȔȔȈ — ȖȕȖ
ȗȘȖșȚȖ ȗȍȊțȟȍ Ȑ ȊȍȓȐȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ǶȕȖ ȚȈȐȚ Ȋ șȍȉȍ ȌȊȍ ȐșȒȘȣ,
ȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȏȈȎȐȋȈȦȚșȧ ȜȈȒȍȓȣ ȏȍȔȕȖȋȖ ǹȟȈșȚȤȧ ȉțȌțȡȍȋȖ
ǸȈȧ — ȓȦȉȖȊȤ Ȓ ǸȖȌȐȕȍ Ȑ ǪȍȘȈ ǮȈȔȔ ȓȦȉȐȚ ȘȖȌȕțȦ ǯȍȔ-
ȓȦ șȊȖȦ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȦ ȍȍ șțȔȘȈȒȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȊȍȚȓȍȕȐȧ — Ȗȕ șȣȕ ȍȍ
ȕȈȞȐȖȕȈȓȤȕȖȑ ǾȍȘȒȊȐ Ȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȐȕȖȔ Ȗȕ ȗȘȍȒ-
ȓȖȕȧȍȚ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ ȗȘȍȌ șȒȘȖȔȕȣȔ ȈȓȚȈȘȍȔ șȍȓȤșȒȖȋȖ ȝȘȈȔȈ
ǪȔȍșȚȍ ș ȗȈȝȈȘȍȔ Ȗȕ ȊȖșșȚȈȍȚ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȕȈșȐȓȐȑ — șȓȖȊȈ ȍȋȖ
ȚȊȍȘȌȣ Ȑ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣ Ƕȕ ȒȓȍȑȔȐȚ ©ȏȓȣȝ ȗȈșȚȣȘȍȑ Ǹȍș-
ȗțȉȓȐȒȐª ȗȖșȧȋȕțȊȠȐȝ ȕȈ șȊȧȚȣȕȐ ȏȈȋȈșȐȊȠȐȝ șȊȍȚȐȓȤ-
ȕȐȒȐ ȉȓȈȋȖȟȍșȚȐȧ Ƕ ȕȐȝ șȒȈȏȈȕȖ ȍȊȈȕȋȍȓȤșȒȖȍ șȓȖȊȖ — ȖȕȐ
— ȕȈȍȔȕȐȒȐ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȍ ȗȘȐȠȍȓȤȞȣ ȘȈșȚȖȟȐȚȍȓȐ ȖȚȍȟȍșȒȐȝ
ȉȖȋȈȚșȚȊ ǮȈȔȔ ȗȘȍȌȊȐȌȐȚ ȟȈș ȎȍșȚȖȒȖȑ ǪȖȑȕȣ — ©ȘțȎȤȧ
ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ» Ȑ ȉȓȈȎȍȕȕȣȍ ȐȏȋȕȈȕȕȐȒȐ ȊȍȘȕțȚșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȉȓȈȋȖ-
ȌȈȘȕȖȑ șȚȘȈȕȍ ȊȕȖȊȤ șȚȈȕțȚ ȍȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȚȕȣȔ ȖȗȓȖȚȖȔ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊ ȐȌțȡȐȝ ȉȍȌ Ȑ ȐșȗȣȚȈȕȐȑ. ǰ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ Ȑȝ ȧȊȐȚșȧ șȊȍȘ-
ȒȈȧ ȕȍȉȍșȕȣȔȐ ȌȖșȗȍȝȈȔȐ ȌȍȊȈ-ȊȖȐȚȍȓȤȕȐȞȈ — ǮȈȕȕȈ Ȍ
ǨȘȒ
— ȔșȚȐȚȤ ȏȈ ȗȖȘțȋȈȕȐȍ ȘȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȊȖȏȘȖȎȌȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȗȖ-
ȚțșȒȕȍȊȠțȦ șȓȈȊț
ǹȍȘȌȞȍ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȎȐȊȖ ȊȍȘȐȚ ȗȓȈȔȍȕȕȖ Ȑ ȔȖȓȐȚșȧ ȘȈȌȖ-
șȚȕȖ Ǫ ȞȍȘȒȊȐ — ȔȖȓȐȚȊȈ ȒȓțȉȐȚșȧ ȓȈȌȈȕ ȊȖȏȕȖșȐȚșȧ ȟȈȠȈ,
ȊȔȍșȚȐȊȠȈȧ ǵȍȊȔȍșȚȐȔȖȋȖ Ȉ ȏȈ ȖȒȕȈȔȐ — ȓȐȚțȘȋȐȧ ȗȘȐȘȖȌȣ.
ǰ șȖȓȕȞȍ-șȊȧȡȍȕȕȖșȓțȎȐȚȍȓȤ ȓȤȍȚ ȏȖȓȖȚȖȍ ȊȐȕȖ ǰșȒțȗȓȍ-
ȕȐȧ Ȋ șȐȕȐȑ ȗȖȚȐȘ ǵȍȉȈ
DzȈȒ ȕȈȔ ȕțȎȕȈ ȌȖȘȖȋȈ Ȑ ȉȓȐȏȒȈ ȥȚȈ ȗȖȥȏȐȧ Ȑ ȍȍ ȊȍȓȐ-
ȟȈȊȣȑ șȔȐȘȍȕȕȣȑ ȚȊȖȘȍȞ ǷțȚȤ ȕȍțșȚȈȕȕȣȝ ȗȘȍȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ
ȊȍȌȍȚ ȕȈș Ȋșȍ ȊȣȠȍ Ȑ ȊȣȠȍ. ȀțȔȐȚ ȓȐșȚȊȈ ȕȈȌ ȞȍȘȒȖȊȤȦ
ȊȖȏȌȍȚȣ ȘțȒȐ ȕȈȠȐ Ȓ ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ șȍȓȍȕȐȧȔ
ǻ ȕȈș ȖȌȕȈ ȔȖȓȐȚȊȈ ș ȗȖȥȚȖȔ:
«Adveniat regnum Ǻuum».
ǹǷǩ, 29. X. 13

99
ǷȘȐȔȍȟȈȕȐȧ
DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏ
ǷȖȊȍșȚȤ Ǽ ǮȈȔȔȈ ©DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏ ȐȓȐ ǰșȚȖȘȐȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȉȣȓȖȋȖ
ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐª ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȈ Ȋ  ȋ Ȑ Ȋ ȚȖȔ Ȏȍ ȋȖȌț ȖȗțȉȓȐȒȖȊȈȕȈ
©ǴȍȘȒȦȘ Ȍȍ ǼȘȈȕșª ǷȖȊȍșȚȐ ȗȘȍȌȠȍșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ ȌȊȈ șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȧ
ș țȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȍȔ ȐȔȍȕȐ ©DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏª Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȖșȖȉȖ
ȖȚȔȍȚȐȚȤ ©J’aime dans le temps Clara d’Ellébeuse«ª ©ȇ ȚȈȒ ȌȖȓȋȖ
ȓȦȉȓȦ DzȓȈȘț Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏ«ª
 ȏȈȒȈȕȟȐȊȈȦȡȍȍșȧ ȓȦȉȖȊȕȣȔ ȗȘȐȏȣ-
ȊȖȔ ©ǷȘȐȝȖȌȐ șȖȊșȍȔ ȖȉȕȈȎȍȕȕȈȧ Ȗ DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏª
ǷȍȘȍȊȖȌȟȐȒ ȗȖȊȍșȚȐ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋ -
 ȐșȗȣȚȈȓ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȍ
ȊȓȐȧȕȐȍ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȊȖșȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓ ȖȌȕȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȒ țȟȐȚȍȓȧ
ȎȐȏȕȐ – ȗȖșȊȧȚȐȊ ǮȈȔȔț șȉȖȘȕȐȒ șȚȐȝȖȊ ©ǬȍȚșȒȖȍª ǷȈȘȐȎ 
Ȑ șȚȈȚȤȦ ©ǻ ǼȘȈȕșȐșȈ ǮȈȔȔȈª ǵȖȊȤ   ȜȍȊȘȈȓȧ
 ǵȍȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȏ Ȗ ȊȐȏȐȚȍ Ȓ ǮȈȔȔț Ȋ ȔȍȔțȈȘȈȝ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ ©dzȦȌȐ ȋȖ-
Ȍȣ ȎȐȏȕȤª țȒȓȖȕȟȐȊ ȗȐșȈȚȍȓȤ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȗȖȌ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȚ ȓȐȟ-
ȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȚȊȈ ǮȈȔȔȈ, șȖȉȐȘȈȓșȧ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȒȈȚȖȓȐȟȍșȚ-
ȊȖ Ȑ țȑȚȐ Ȋ ȉȍȕȍȌȐȒȚȐȕșȒȐȑ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȤ Ǫ 1913 ȋ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ȊȣȠȍȓ
șȉȖȘȕȐȒ Ǽ ǮȈȔȔȈ ©ǹȚȐȝȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖȏȈª șȖ șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘȕȣȔȐ ȗȍȘȍȊȖ-
ȌȈȔȐ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ Ȑ ȗȘȖȏȈȐȟȍșȒȐȔȐ ǭ ȀȔȐȌȚ Ȋ  ȋ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋ
ȊȒȓȦȟȐȓ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ șȚȐȝȖȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȧ ǮȈȔȔȈ Ȋ șȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕțȦ ȐȔ Ȉȕ-
ȚȖȓȖȋȐȦ ©ǷȖȥȚȣ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȐ -1913».
ǷȍȘȍȊȖȌ ȗȖȊȍșȚȐ «DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏª ȉȣȓ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȖȗțȉȓȐȒȖȊȈȕ Ȋ
ȎțȘȕȈȓȍ ©ǸțșșȒȈȧ ȔȣșȓȤª  ȹ 
 Ȉ Ȋ  ȋ ȉȣȓ Ȋȣȗțȡȍȕ ȖȚ-
ȌȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȐȏȌȈȕȐȍȔ Ȋ ǩȍȘȓȐȕȍ ©ǸțșșȒȐȔ țȕȐȊȍȘșȈȓȤȕȣȔ ȐȏȌȈȚȍȓȤ-
șȚȊȖȔª ǺȍȒșȚ ȗȍȟȈȚȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȕȖȊȖȑ ȖȘȜȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ȗȖ ȗȍȘȊȖȑ ȎțȘȕȈȓȤ-
ȕȖȑ
 ȗțȉȓȐȒȈȞȐȐ ȗțȕȒȚțȈȞȐȧ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȟȐȒȈ șȖȝȘȈȕȍȕȈ
ǰȏȉȘȈȕȕȣȍ șȚȐȝȐ
ǺȍȒșȚȣ ȗȍȟȈȚȈȦȚșȧ ȗȖ ȐȏȌȈȕȐȧȔ ©ǷȖȥȏȐȧ ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȖȋȖ șȐȔȊȖ-
ȓȐȏȔȈª (Ǵ 
 ©ǯȈȗȈȌȕȖȍȊȘȖȗȍȑșȒȈȧ ȗȖȥȏȐȧ ǽǽ ȊȍȒȈª Ǵ

 ©ǷȖȥȚȣ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȐ - ǷȍȘȍȊȖȌȣ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈª ǷȈ-
ȘȐȎ 
 Ȑ ȌȘ ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒȈȔ

100
Ǹ Ȍȍ ǫțȘȔȖȕ ǼȘȈȕșȐș ǮȈȔȔ
ǪȗȍȘȊȣȍ Le Livre des masques (Paris, 1896). ǸțșșȒȐȑ ȗȍȘ ǭ ǩȓȐ-
ȕȖȊȖȑ Ȑ Ǵ DzțȏȔȐȕȈ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ Ǹ Ȍȍ ǫțȘȔȖȕ DzȕȐȋȈ ȔȈșȖȒ ǹǷȉ

 ǷȍȟȈȚȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȐȏȌȈȕȐȦ Ȋ ȕȖȊȖȑ ȖȘȜȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ȚȈȒȎȍ
ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȖ țșȚȈȘȍȊȠȍȍ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȐȍ ȜȈȔȐȓȐȐ ȗȖȥȚȈ ©ǮȈȔȥșª

Ǹ Ȍȍ ǫțȘȔȖȕ -1915) – ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȐȑ ȗȐșȈȚȍȓȤ ȎțȘȕȈȓȐșȚ ȥș-
șȍȐșȚ ȊȐȌȕȍȑȠȐȑ ȒȘȐȚȐȒ șȐȔȊȖȓȐșȚșȒȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ
ǹ  Septima post decimam… – ǰȏ Ȓȕ I ©ǫȍȖȘȋȐȒª ǪȍȘȋȐȓȐȧ
©ǹȟȈșȚȓȐȊ șȍȔȕȈȌȞȈȚȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖșȈȌȒȐ ȓȖȏȣ ȊȐȕȖȋȘȈȌȕȖȑ /
Ǭȓȧ ȗȘȐȘțȟȍȕȤȧ ȉȣȒȖȊ ȗȘȐȉȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ Ȓ ȚȒȈȞȒȖȑ ȖșȕȖȊȍ / ǵȐȚȍȑ
ǬȍȊȧȚȣȑ ȝȖȘȖȠ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȉȍȋȈ ȊȖȘȈȔ Ȏȍ ȊȘȈȎȌȍȉȍȕ / ǴȕȖȋȖȍ ȓțȟȠȍ
ȊșȍȋȌȈ șȖȊȍȘȠȈȍȚșȧ ȕȖȟȤȦ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȕȖȑ / ǰȓȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȈ ȏȈȘȍ ȘȖșȐȚșȧ
ȏȍȔȓȧ ȗȖȌ ǬȍȕȕȐȞȍȑ / ǵȖȟȤȦ ȗțșȚțȦ șȚȍȘȕȦ Ȑ ȕȖȟȤȦ Ȏȍ ȓțȋ ȗȍ-
ȘȍșȖȝȠȐȑ / dzțȟȠȍ ȒȖșȐȚȤ — ȗȖ ȕȖȟȈȔ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȊȓȈȎȕȖșȚȐ
ȔȧȋȒȖȑª ǷȍȘ ǹ ȀȍȘȊȐȕșȒȖȔț

ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋ ǼȘȈȕșȐș ǮȈȔȔ
ǪȗȍȘȊȣȍ ǷȖȥȚȣ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȐ - ǷȍȘȍȊȖȌȣ ǰ ȅȘȍȕȉțȘȋȈ ǷȈ-
ȘȐȎ 
 ǷȍȟȈȚȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȐȏȌȈȕȐȦ Ȋ ȕȖȊȖȑ ȖȘȜȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ș
șȖȝȘȈȕȍȕȐȍȔ ȈȊȚȖȘșȒȖȑ ȗțȕȒȚțȈȞȐȐ
Ǭ DzȘȦȟȒȖȊ ǾȍȘȒȖȊȤ Ȋ ȓȐșȚȊȍ
ǪȗȍȘȊȣȍ ǶȟȈȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ șȚȘȈȕȕȐȒ ǨȓȤȔȈȕȈȝ ȐȕȚțȐȚȐȊȕȖȑ ȒȘȐȚȐȒȐ Ȑ
ȗȖȥȏȐȐ ȹ  [ǹǷȉ], 1913). ǷȍȟȈȚȈȍȚșȧ ȗȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȐȏȌȈȕȐȦ Ȋ ȕȖȊȖȑ
ȖȘȜȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ș șȖȝȘȈȕȍȕȐȍȔ ȈȊȚȖȘșȒȖȑ ȗțȕȒȚțȈȞȐȐ
Ǭ Ǩ DzȘȦȟȒȖȊ (1887-1938) – ȗȖȥȚ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȟȐȒ ȒȘȐȚȐȒ ȗȘȐȔȣȒȈȊ-
ȠȐȑ Ȓ ȥȋȖȜțȚțȘȐșȚȈȔ ȈȊȚȖȘ șȉ ©ǷȈȌțȕ ȕȍȔȖȓȟȕȣȑª 
 Ȑ ©ǾȊȍ-
Țȣ ȓȍȌȧȕȣȍª 
 Ǫ - ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ǹȐȉ-
ȓȈȋȍ ȒȈȒ ©ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȚȖȘ Ȑ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȤ ȒȈȚȖȓȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȖȉȡȐȕ dzȍ-
ȕȐȕȋȘȈȌȈª Ȋ  ȋ ȉȣȓ ȊȕȖȊȤ ȈȘȍșȚȖȊȈȕ Ȑ ȘȈșșȚȘȍȓȧȕ Ǫ ȗțȉȓȐ-
ȒțȍȔȖȑ șȚȈȚȤȍ șȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȕȖȍ Ȍȓȧ DzȘȦȟȒȖȊȈ Țȍȝ ȓȍȚ ȚȧȋȖ-

ȚȍȕȐȍ Ȓ ȘȍȓȐȋȐȐ ȝȘȐșȚȐȈȕșȒȖȔț ȗȈȕȚȍȐȏȔț ȔȖȕȈȠȍșȚȊț ǷȓȈȕȐ-
ȘȖȊȈȊȠȈȧșȧ ȈȊȚȖȘȖȔ ȒȕȐȋȈ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȖȊ Ȑȏ Ǽ ǮȈȔȔȈ Ȋ șȊȍȚ ȕȍ Ȋȣ-
ȝȖȌȐȓȈ
ǹ  Adveniat regnum Ǻuum – ǬȈ ȗȘȐȐȌȍȚ ǾȈȘșȚȊȐȍ ǺȊȖȍ ȓȈȚ.).
_____
Ǫ ȒȕȐȋȍ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȣ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȐȝ ȝțȌȖȎȕȐȒȖȊ ȐȓȓȦ-
șȚȘȐȘȖȊȈȊȠȐȝ «DzȓȈȘț Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏª Ȋ - ȋȋ – Ǵ DzȓțȏȖ ș 

 Ǹ ǩȖȕȜȐȓȤșȈ ș  
 Ǩ ǩȐȠȖȜȈ ș 
 Ǩ Ǹț ș 
 ǵȈ
ȜȘȖȕȚȐșȗȐșȍ ȗȖȘȚȘȍȚ Ǽ ǮȈȔȔȈ ȘȈȉ Ǵ ǹȐȘȐ Ǫ ȖȜȖȘȔȓȍȕȐȐ Ȗȉ-
ȓȖȎȒȐ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȈ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ Ǵ dzȖȘȈȕșȍȕ ©DzȓȈȘȈ Ȍ’ȅȓȍȉȍȏ».