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14 Ka OTBepCTH5I no,D, 3anaJl
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)1,HCK: 10 -- KO.l1bIJ.O; 11 - CTpeJI-
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B3pbIB3 Te.i15I B3LL -144.
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KOB --- YCT3HOBo4Horo 21 H npe,lXOXpaHHTe.JIbHOrO 22 1 33Kpen.neE HbIX H3
BTYJIKe 20, iI1 pyqKH 3. BTy.JIKa 20 YCTaHoB.l1eHa H3 33BO)J,H011 OCM 23.
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no HIIM npn nOBopoTe ,n:HCKOB B MOMeHT YCT3HOBKH BpeMeHH 3aMe,n:JIe-
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4 C ,KoHHqecKoli KYMiYJI5ITIIBH'Oli 06JIIIILOBKOli 5.
BHYTPH 3ap5lJl,a BB .HMeeTC5I JIIIH3a 3 U3
II.JIaCTl\laCCbI. C,Bepxy 3a p5IJI. HMeeT pe3b6oBoe
OqKO )1.JI5I B3pbIBaTeJI5I, 3aKpbIToe npo6'Koli 2.
KYMYJI5I'J1HBHa5I IIOJIOCTb 3a'KpbITa KOJIIIaKOM 8,
Ha K0110pOM 3aI\1peIIJIeHO npHCIIOCo6JIeHHe 9
)J,JI5I YCTaHoBKH 3ap5I,lI,a. IlpHCIIoco6.neHHe ,lI,.TI5I
YCTaHoBKH COCTOHT H3 KOJIbua H IIpHKpenJIeH-
HbIX K He:vry BOCbMII ynpyrHx CTaJIbHbIX n.TI a-
CTHH. B TpaHcrropTHoM nO.TI01KeHHH n.naCTHHbI
corHYTbI BOKpyr 3ap5Ij:La II yj:Lep1KHBaIOTC5I JleH-
TOll 6 C II'pH1KKOH H qeKoli 7. IlpH y.z:r.aJIeHHH
qeKII nJI aCTHHbI BblIIp5IMJI5IIOTCH (pHC. 28),
6JIarO,lI,apH 3TOMY YBeJ1HQ'HBaeTcH orropHaH
nJIOIuaJI.b 3a p H,lI,a H y.7IyqlllaeTCH ero YCTOHqH-
BOCTb IIPH YCTaHoBKe Ha nOBepxHocTH rpYHTa.
<l>yracHblli 3apSl,lI, C peaKTMln+wM ,lI,BPlraTe-
JIeM HMeeT Kopnyc B BH,lI,e Tlpy6bI 9 (pIIC. 30).
OCHOBH e TaKTUKO-TeXHUqeCKUe xapaKTepUCTUKU
acca c06paHHoro 3ap5I,lJ,a
Macca OT,lJ,e.nbHblX 3.neMeHTOB:
KYMy.n5ITIIBHOro 3ap5I,lJ,a ..
BB KYMy.n5ITIIBHOro 3ap5I,lJ,a (A-IX-I)
yracHoro 3ap5I,lJ,a C ,lJ,BlIraTe.neM
BB yracHoro 3apH.na
B3pbIBaTe.n5I ..
nycKoBoro YCTpoHcTBa YIT-60
fa6aplITHble pa3MepbI:
B 60eBoM no.nOLKeHIIII
3,5 Kr
1 ,26 Kr
0,45 Kr
1,45 Kr
0,65 Kr
0,43 Kr
0,025 Kr
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,lJ,HaMeTp
100 MM
+ 50° C
3 MHHYTbI
50-83 C
25-40 MIIHYT
CYMKH C 3ap5I,lJ,OM pa3,lI,e.nbHo no 3.neMeHTaM
CYMKH C 3ap5I,lJ,OM B c06paHHoM BII,lJ,e
TeMnepaTYPHbIH ,lJ,Hana30H rrplIMeHeHIIH
BpeM5I rrO,lJ,rOTOBKII 3ap5I,lJ,a K npHMeHeHHIO
BpeM5I 3aMe,lJ,.neHH5I nycKoBoro YCTpoHcTBa .
BpeM5I Ha 060PY,lJ,OBaHHe O,lI,HHOqHOrO cTpe.nKoBoro OKorra
62
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PUC. 28. OKonHbIH 3apH)!.
03-1, nOJI,rOTOB.neHHbIH K
npHMeHeHIIIO:
1 - nYCKOBoe YCTPOHCTBO
YD-50; 2 - <PyracHbIH 3ap5I)J.
C peaKTHBHbIM ,lI.BHraTeJleM;
3 - B3pbIBaTeJlb; 4 - KYMYJl5I-
THBHbIH 3ap5I,lI.
63
I I il
i
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1IIIil
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.<I>yracHbIH 3ap5I BB 8 II3 ILIIJIIIH,L(pIIqeCKIIX ,Il1aIl1eK mOMeII(eH B cpeJ(-
HeM qaCTH Tpy6bI. B HIILKHeM KOHILe Tpy6bI 3aKperrJIeHa BTYJIKa 11 c
,L(orrOJIHHTeJIb'HbIM JI.eToHaTopoM 10 II pe3b\60BbIM .oqKOM rroJl. B3pbIBa-
TeJIb, 3aKpbITbIM rrpo6KoH 12. B rrpo6Ke 12 IIrMeeTCH ,pe3b6oBoe oTBep-
CTIIe no,L( 3aLKlIIraTeJIbHYIO Tpy6KY 3TTl (3JIeKTpO eTOHa'DOp 3,LLIl-p),
tITO rr03BOJI5IeT TI'PII Heo6xo IIM'OCTII 'B3pbIrBaTb cpyracHbIli 3apHJ( OT eJIb-
HO (6e3 'B3'pbIBaTeJIH). OT'BepcTHe 3aKpbITo rrp.o6woll 13. B oTBepcTIIII
J
4
,
Be,lI.eHII5I B ,lI.eHCTBIIe cpyracHoro 33 pH.z:r.a. B3pbIBaTeJIb IIMeeT rrpe,lI.oxpa-
I1HTeJIbHOe YCTPOHCTBO, IICKJIlOqalOII(ee cpa6aTbIBaHIIe B3pbIBaTeJIH B
TpaHcrropTHOM rrOJIO)KeHH'H II B CJIyqae rra,lI.eHII5I 3ap5I,lI.a Ha 60K rrpH
ero rrpIIMeHeHIIII.
PUc. 30. <l>yracHbIH 3ap5I,lI, C peaKTHBHbIM .lI,BHraTe.ne\1:
a - OOI..U,HH BH)J.; 6 - pa3pe3; B - pa3pe3 HH)KHerO KOH a; 1-
npo6Ka; 2 - COnJIOBaH KpbIIlIKa; 3 - Kopnyc peaKTHBHoro )J.BH-
raTeJIH; 4 - nop,oJeoBOH 3apH)J.; 5 - pacIlIHpHTeJIbHaH KaMepa;
6 - nHpOTeXHHQeCKHH 3aMe JIHTeJIb; 7 - BbIlliHOHOH nopoxoBOH
3apH)J.; 8 - c1JyracHbIH 3apH)J. BB; 9 - Kopnyc; 10 - )J.onOJIHH-
TeJIbHbIH )J.eToHaTop; 11 - BTYJIKa; 12 - npooKa; 13 - npooKa:
14 - nepexo)J.HaH BTYJIKa
H II )K H e e H a K 0 JI b H 0 - B 0 C rr JI a M e HIlT e JI b Hoe ,lI. e T 0 H lI-
P Y 10 lIl. e e y C T pOll C T B 0 :COCTOIIT II3 BTYJIKH 10, Y.AapHIIKa 12, 3a-
KperrJIeHHOrO BO BTY JIKe cpe3HoH qeKOH 11, BTY JIKII 13 C KarrCIOJIeM-
BOOrrJIaMeHIITeJIeM 14 II KarrCIOJIeM-lleToHaTopoM 15 II CTaKaHa C ,lI.eTO-
HaTopoM 16. BTYJIKa 13 HMeeT HapYlKHYIO pe3b6y ,L(JI5I BBIIHtIIIBaHIIH
B OqKO KYMYJI5ITIIBHOro 3ap5IJ}.a.
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a - 06I..U,Hl1 BH)J.; 6 - pa3pe3; 1 - Kop,nyc; 2 - npooKa; 3 - JIUH3a; 4-
3ap51)J. BB; 5 - KYMYJIHTHBHa51 06JIH OBKa; 6 - JIeHTa; 7 - qeKa; 8-
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c pe3b60t'r rro;:( 3a)KIIraTeJIbHYIO Tpy6KY 3TIl (3.n:eKTp0,ReTOHaTOp
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KYMy.TIHTHB'HOrO 3apH,lI.a .fIpM B3pbIBaHIIII ero pa3JLeJIbHO (6e3 B3pbI,Ba-
Tev T I51 ) .
B BepxHeM KOHue Tpy6bI pa3MeII(eH peaKTIIBHbIH ,lI.BIIraTeJIb, KOTO-
pbIH COCTOIIT II3 CTa.TIbHOrO Koprryca 3, COrrJIOBOH KpbIIl1KII 2, rropoxOBO-
ro 3apH,lI.a 4, p aCIl1IIpIITeJIbHOH KaMepbI 5, rrIIpOTeXHIIqeCKOrO 3aMejLJIII-
TeJI5I 6 II BbIIl1II6HOrO rropoxoBoro 3apH,lI.a 7. B COrrJIOBOH KpbIIl1Ke
IIMeeTCH pe3b60Boe rHe3,lI.0 ,lI.JI5I BBIIHqIIBaHIIH rrycKoBoro yCTpoHcTBa.
fHe3.z:r.0 3aKpbITo rrp06Koli 1. BbIIl1II6HOH 3apH,[l C 3aMe,lI.JIIITeJIeM rrpe,lI.-
Ha3HaqeH ,lI.JIH BbI6pacbIBaHII5I Koprryca oTpa6oTaBIl1ero peaKTIIBHoro
,lI.BIIraTeJIH rrepe,lI. B3pbIBOM cpyracHoro 3ap5I.lI.a, qTO YMeHbIl1aeT OCKO'.
.noqHOe ,lI.eHCTBIIe B3pbIBa.
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a - OOI..U,HIf BH,lJ,; 6 - pa3pe3; 8 - pa3pe3 npe,lJ,OXpaHHTeJIbHOrO YCTpOHCTBa; 2 - pa3pe3 B MO'
MeHT Cpa6aTbIBaHHH; i) - rrOrrepeqHbIH pa3pe3 no cpe3HbIM qeKaM; e - pa3pe3 rrpH cpa6aTblB3-
HHH B CJIyqae rra,lJ,eHHH 3apH,lJ,a Ha OOK; 1 - Koprryc; 2 - ,lJ,eTOHaTOp; 3 - KarrCIOJIb-,lJ,eTOHaTop;
4 - BTYJIKa; 5 - nHpOTeXHHqeCKHH 3aMe,lJ,JIHTe.JIb; 6 - KanCIOJIb-BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJIb; 7 - Y.napHHK
8 - BHHT; 9 - ooeBoH BbIcTyrr; 10 - BTYJIKa; 11 - cpe3HaH qeKa; 12 - Y,lJ,apHHK; 13 - BTYJIKa;
14 - KarrCIOJIb-BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJIb; 15 - KanCIOJIb-.neToHaT'Op; 16 - .neToHaTop; 17 - CTaKaH; 18-
nVY:tKHHa; 19 - llIapHK; 20 - rrpe)I.OXpaHHTeJIbHaH qeKa; 21 - BHHT; 22 - cpe3HbIe qeKH
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P Y 10 II( e e Y C TiP to H C T B 0 C.OCTOIIT H3 Kopnyca 1 c BYM5I KaHaJIaMII,
B KOTOpbIX pa3MeII(eHbI HaKO.TIbHO-BOCITJIaMeHIITeJIbHOe II rrpe,l.(oxpaHII-
Te.TIbHoe YCTpoHcTBa, BTYJIKa 4 C ITIIpOTeXHIIqeCKIIM 3aMe)1,.TIIITeJIeM 5 II
KaITC1OJIeM-II.eTOHaTopoM 3 H CTaKaHa C ,l.(eTOHaTopoM 2. Ha BTYJIKe 4
HMeeTC5I HapY1KHa5I pe3b6a )1,JI5I BBIIHqIIBaHII5I B OqKO cpvracHoro 3a-
p 5I,LL a .
Koprryc Ha HH:tKHeM KOHue HMeeT 60eBoH BblcTyrr 9 J:) Coe)1,IlHeH C
BTYJIKOH QeTblpbM5I cpe3HbIMH QeKaMll 22, a lI.JI5I IICKJI1OqeHll5I BpaIIle-
HIl5I BIIHTaMII 21 II 8.
HaKOJIbHO-BOCrrJIaMeHIITeJIbHOe YCTpollcT-
BO, pa3MeIlI,eHHoe B O,lI.HOM H3 KaHaJIo.B B KOp-
rryce, eOCTO,IIT ll3 Y',lI.a pHIIKa 7, e pel1JIeHHOrO C
BTYJIKOH 10 BHHT'OM 8, II KarrClOJI5I-BOCI1JIaMe-
HHTeJIR 6.
TIpe,[(oxpaHHTeJIbHOe YCTPOH-
C T B 0 'COCTOHT II3 'CTaKaHa 17 C .rrPY:tKHHOH 18
II lIlapHKa 19. WapHK YJI,ep)KHBaeTC5I B KaHaJIe
npe,,LlOXpaHIITe.IIbHoH qeKOli 20 C KOJIblLOM. K
KOJIbIJ.Y npIIKpenJIeHa neTJI5I ll3 KpacHoH TeCb-
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BepcT:He BO BTYJIKe II ,,lI:OrrOJIHIITeJIbHO CKpeI1JI5I-
eT BTYJIKY 10 C Koprryc.oM 1.
nYCKoBoe YCTPOMCTBO Yn-60 (pHC. 32) co-
C1l0HT H3 OTpe3Ka oDHerrpOBOtLI.HOrO lIlHYlpa 8 J:)
3aKpenJIeHHbIX Ha ero KOHIJ.aX TepOqHOrO BOC-
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Cep\'u'IJ.eBHHa orHerrpOBO,lI.HOrO lIl'Hypa COCTOHT
II3 Me,[(.neHHO rop5III(ero COCTaBa, J}..nIIHa oTp.e3-
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83 C.
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TepOQHOrO KarrC1O,JI5I-BOCIlJI3'MeHHTeJI5I 5 II Tep-
KH 6. Kop,nyc UMeeT oCJIa6JIeHHOe :ceqeHHe, 110
KOTOPOMY MO:tKeT 6bITb rrepeJIOMJIeH. ,[LJI5I
npe)J,oxpaHeHH5I OT nepeJI,a/MbIBaHH5I Ha KOp-
rryc Ha,LLeTa MeTaJIJIHqeCKa51 rIIJIb3a 1 c rrpo-
,lI.OJIbHOli rrpope3blO, KOTOpa5I MOMeT C,lI.BiIIraTb-
C5I c woprryca ,lI.0 Ilopa B@cTyrra KOpl1yca B
KOHeu npope3H. ,fI!PII C)l.BHraHH'II rHJIb3bI oc-
JIa6JIeHHOe CeqeHMe .ocB06o)KJI,aeTC5I H YBeJIH-
qHBaeTC5I (JI,JIIIHa rrJIeqa, QTO YMeHblIlaer YCH-
JIIIe rrepeJIOMa 'Kopnyca. TepKa 6 :c nOMOII(blO
HIITH 3 H'pIIKperrJIeHa K YlIlKY 2, 3aKpeI1JIeHHO-
MY B OTJIaMbIBaeMOli qa'CTII 1\:'Oprryca.
BOICn,JIaMeHHTeJIbHbIH 3apHJ( 11
110MeIILeH B DHJIb3e, 06LKaToli Ha KO'HlLe orHe-
rrpOBO,ll.Horo lIlHypa. Ha rIIJIb3Y Ha eTa pe3b-
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Pue. 32. nYCKoBoe YCT-
pOHCTBO YIT-60:
1 - MeTaJIJIH eCKafl rHJIb3a;
2 - YllIKO; 3 - HHTb; 4 - op.
nyc; 5 - TepOqHblA KanCIOJIb'"
BOCnJIaMeHHTeJIb; 6 - TepKa;
7 - rHJIb3a; 8 - orHenpoBo)J.-
HbI:A lliHYP; 9 - orpaHH ,H-
TeJIb; 10 - BTYJIKa; 11 - HOC-
WIaMeHHTeJIbHbIA 3apH,lJ.
.67
60BaH BTynKa 10 nH BBHH HBdHHH rrYCKOBoro YCTpo cTBa B pe3b60-
Boe rHe3,lI,0 pealKTRBHoro JI"BIIraTenH. ,LLnH HCKnIOqeHH5J nepeMeIlI.eHHH
BTYJIKII no orHenpOBO,lI,HOMY IIIHYPY Ha HeM 33KperrJIeH OrpaHHQIITenb 9.
Ka2K,lI,oe rrycKoBoe YCTPOHCTBO IKoMrrneKTyeTcH rr.naCTMaCCOBbIM rreHa-
JIOM ,LLJIH xpaHeHHH H nopCHOCKH.
CYMKa A.JISI nepeHOCKU 3apSl)l.a 03-1 H3rOTOBneHa H3 6pe3eHTa H
n03BOJIHeT pa3MeIll.aTb B HeM O,lI,HH 3apHlI. B c06paHHoM BH,lI,e (rrycKOBoe
YCTPOHCTBO B rreHaJIe) HJII1 no 3JIeMeHTaM. ,LLJI5I Bcex 3JIeMeHTOB 3apH-
)l.a IIMeI-OTCH B cYMKe oT,lI,eJIbHbIe KapMaHbi. C06paHHbIH 3apH,lI, pa3Me-
IlI.aeTCH B KapMaHe ,l.(JIH CPyracHoro 3apH):La. CYMKa HMeeT 3arrJIeqHbIH
peMeHb.
B cJIyqae OrrpOKII,lI, BaHHH 3apH,lI,a Ha 60K IllapHK He YCTaHaBJIH-
BaeTCH npOTIIB 60eBoro BblcTyna H npenHTcTByeT nepeMeII(eHIIIO KOp-
nyca B3pbIBaTeJIH OTHOCHTenbHO BTYJIKH. HaKOJIa KanCIOJIeii:-BOCl1JIa-
MeHHTeJIeH He npOHCXO,lI,HT H rr03TOMY B3pbIBOB 3apH,lI,OB He rrOCJIe,lI,yeT.
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KaJIbHOM nOJIO./KeHHH. TIepe,lI, npHBe,lI,eHlleM B ,lI,eHCTBHe H3 B3pbIBaTeJIH
BbIBHHqHBaeTCH II YJIaJIHeTCH npe,lI,OXpaHllTeJIbHaH qeKa.
TI p Ii Y,lI, a JI e H Ii H lJ e Kll III a p II K B bI T aJI K H B 3 eT CH rr 0,lI, rr p Y)K H H e H H bI M CT a -
KaROlYl H3 KaHaJI3 B Kopnyce B3pbIBaTenH H CK3TbIBaeTCH B KOHHlJeCKOe
yrJIy6JIeHHe Ha Y,l.(apHllKe. CTaKaH nepeMelll.aeTCH BHH3 H 3aKpbIBaeT
KaHaJI.
DacJIe BbIlleprHBaHHH TepKH nYCKOBoro YCTpot'rcTBa lJepe3 50-83 c
BOCrrJIaMeHHeTCH napoxoBoii: 3apH,lI, B peaKTllBHOM ,lI,BHr3TeJIe. 06pa30-
BaBlilHeCH ra3bI BbIXO,lI,HT qepe3 COrrJIOBbIe oTBepcTHH II TonKalOT BHH3
cpyracHbIH 3apH,lI,. OT nopoxoBoro 3apH,lI,a BOCrrJIaMeHHeTCH rrHpoTexHII-
qeCKHH 3aMe,lI,nllTeJIb B pacIIIHpllTe.TlbHo K3Mepe. <PyracHbI 3apH,l.(
BMeCTe C KopnycoM B3pbIBaTeJIH rrepeMeII(aeTCH BHll3. TIpH 3TOM cpe-
3aIOTCH lJeTblpe lJeKll, COe,lI,HHHIOII(lle Koprryc B3pbIBaTeJIH C BTynKoii.
fIpM JI,Bll:>KeHHH Kopnyca BHH3 npOllCXO,lI,llT HaKOJI KanClOJIH-BOCrrJIaMe-
HHTe.TIH Y,lI,apHHKOM, pacnOJIO:>KeHHbIM B KaHaJIe Kopnyca (pHC. 31). OT
JIyqa orHH 3aropaeTcH nHpOTeXHHqeCKHH 3aMe,lI,.TIllTeJIb B BepxHeii
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HaBHI-fIIHB3HHeM raeK Ha rOJIOBHble BTYJIKH npoH3BO)J.HTC5I coe,LI,HHeHHe
6JIOKOB rrp'll ,c60pKe 33 pH,ILa.
PeaKTHBHble )J.BHraTe"TIH H3 6JIOKaX 3aKpeTIJI5IlOTC5I C rrOIVIOIUbIO XO-
MYTOB. coe)J.HHHIDIIU1X 3BeHb5I Melli,lJ,Y C060H. XOMYT HMeeT TPH CK06bI,
Coe,l1,HHeHHble lVIeLKlI,Y C060M ,lI,BYM5I rnapHHpaMH. CK06bJ Ha,D-eBaIOTC5I
Ha 3BeHb5I 6JIOKa H CKpeII.TIHlOTCH Ha BepXHeM 3BeHe IIlrrHJIbKOI1. ,LLJI51
06eCrreQeHH51 )KeCTKOCTli KperrJ1eHHH CI(06b1 CT5IrHBalOTC5I raHKaMH.
6JIOK rOJIOBHOH I (pHC. 33) IIMeeT r0J10BI-IYIO QaCTb 1 H ro.TIOBHOI1
peaKTllBHbIH )J.BHraTeJIb 5 6e3 3aMe,lI,JIHTeJIH, 3aKpen.}IeHHbIH B pacTpy6e
XOMYTOB. 3BeHb5I 4 rOJIOBHOrO 6JIOK3 HTvIelOT .Ll.JI'HHY 1,25 M.
r 0 .1 0 B H a 51 II aCT b BblrrOJIHHeT pO.J1b 06TeKaTe.H5I. ,QJIH coe)J.IIHe-
HH5i co 3BeHbHMH 6JIOKa H3 HeH npHBapeHbI TPH BTy.TJKH 2 C HaKH,lIHbI-
MH raHKaMH.
8
PUC. 33. E.nOK rOJIOBHOH I C peaKTHBHbIM JLBHraTeJIeM:
1 -- rOoilOBHa5I qaCTb; 2 - BTYJIKa C HaKH.II,HO:H ra:HKO:H; 3 - ra:HKa KpenJIeHH5I p,BH.raST e-
JI5I; 4 - 3BeHO; 5 - peaKTHBHbI:H .II,BHraTeJIb; 6 - cPHKcaTOp; 7 - HaKH,l],Ha51 ralIKa,
X01V1YTbI
1
6
7 8
: II!
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: 'I
-
: .:. : =:: \ - -=
:::;:::;:, = -- \\.::: - -
, --:" _= , .""..,-
=
= 2_
?-.
'/
- _ -=-__ ..,4 ,'..., i"'Io .......
.:.-- I .
. -;::-
-:-=::- .,-...-- -: .": ::
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11
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13
72
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10
PHC. 34. r o,rroBHoi:i peaKTI1BHbIl':l JI.BI1r a TeJlb Ge3 3aYie:LJ1HTe,rrH:
P Oi1CT130. 3' IIOPOXOB01 u I BOCIIJIaMeIIH-
1 - II.laCTMaCCOBan IIpo6Ka; 2 - BOCIIJI3MeHHTeJIbHOe YCT , - u 6' . S _ qnIKca-
TeJIb' 4 - .II,HO' 5 - IIopoxoBaH lllalllKa; 6" - pacIIopnoe KOJlbI O; 7 - corvIOBorlI JIOK,
, ;op; 9 - llla:H6a; 10 - r3HKa; 11 - IIaTPy6oK; 12 -- COIT.no; 13 - I\OPIIYC
I' "
I
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! II
II '
,
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Bocn.laMeHIHeJIbHOe YCTPOHCTBO CJ1YRUIT )J.JIH IIO)J..KJ1IOQCIUIH )J.B r
Te TIR K 3.;1eKTpOCeTH H BOCTI.TlaMeHeHIIH C IIOMOllLblO n.hpOIIaTpOHa II P
XotJBoro BOCTIJlarvleHHTc"lH 3. fHe3,lJ,0 ,lI,JIH rrO)J,KJlIOQeHHH nOJIYlVIycpTbI
3.i1eKTpOCeTH 3aKpbITO IIp06Kolr I.
IlopoXOBol1 3ap5I)J, ,lI,BBTaTeJI5-1 COCTOHT H3 Tpex O,lUIOKaHa IbHbIX IIO
POXOBbIX lllaweK 5, Me)J )J,Y KOTOpbIMH YCTaHOBJleHbI pacnopHble KO TJb
1(a 6.
6JIOK rOJIOBHOH Ii OTJIHQaeTC5I OT 6JIOKa rOJIOBHoro I u TeM, QTO OH
He HMeeT ronOBHOM QaCTH, a BOCTI aMeHllTe bHoe yCTpOHCTBO )J.BHra-
TeJI5I HMeeT rrHpOTeXHHQeCKHH 3aMe,lI,.TIHTe.J!b Ha 5-6 c.
72
73
I ""j
6JIOK OCHOBHOH (pHC. 35) OTJIHqaeTC5I OT rOJIOBHOro )l.JII1HOH 3BeHb-
eB (,lI,JIHHa 3BeHa 1,95 M) .
6JIOK C KYMYJISlTHBHblM JI.pOCCeJIeM H TpOHHHKOM (pHC. 36) OTJIH-
QaeTC5I OT OCHOBHoro 6JIOKa CHap5I:tKeHI1eM 3BeHbeB H HaJII1q'HeM TpOH-
HHKa 2. B Cpe,lI,HeH qaCTH 3BeHa C KYMYJI5ITHBHbIM ,lI,pOCCeJIeM YCTaHoB-
.neHbI CrreUHaJIbHbIe TpOTHJIOBble lIlaIllKH, O,lJ.Ha 5 C KYMYJI5ITIIBHOH BbI-
eMKon, a ,l(pyra5I 4 C BbIrrYKJIOH ccpepHqeCKOH nOBepxHocTblO. MeLK,lJ.Y
3THMI1 lIlaIllKaMH HMeeTC5I B03,lI,YIllHbIl1 3a30p, o6pa30BaHHbIH YCTaHoB-
KOH pacnopHbIx KOJIeu 6. EJIaro,l(ap5I TaKoMY YCTPOHCTBY rrepe,lI,aqa ,lJ,e-
TOHaUHH no 3BeHY o6eCrreII'IiBaeTCH TOJIbKO B O,l(HOM HarrpaBJIeHHH-
OT XBOCTOBOH qaCTH K rOJIOBHOH B HarrpaBJIeHHI1 CTpeJIKH.
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PUC. 36. E.nOK C KYMy.n5ITHBHbIM ,lI,pOCCeJIeM H TpOHHHKOM:
6 u 6JI OKa' 6 - P a3 p e3 3BeHa C KYMYJIHTlIBHbIM POCCeJIeM
a - 0 rn.1I1i BlI)], , ). 8 _ TpOliHUK; 1-
(cTpeJI,KOH YKa3 Ho HaTIpa:BJIeHHe nepe)],a6q eTo aai::;a' C BbmYKJIOH ccP e -
XOMYT; 2 - TpOlIHHK; 3 - CTaJIbH:KaTPY c a, K M JIHTHHHOH BbleMKoH; 6 _
pUqeCKOH TIOBepXHocTblO; 5 - ma U HUKa' !.. TpOTHJIOBble mamKH; 9-
pacnoJ)Hble KOJIbu.a: 7 - Kopnyc TpOH ,
cPH!KiCaTOp
J
4
;;;;;;;;;;;;, ,. .
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Ii\ :
. : : 4
8
7
PHC. 35. B.nOK OCHOBHOH C THrOBbIM .LI.BlIraTeJIeM:
1 - rOJI'OBHaH BTy.JIKa C pe3b6oH; 2 - mTIHJIbKa; 3 - XOMYT; 4 - 3BeHO; 5 - XBOCTOBaH
BTYJIKa; 6 - HaKlI)],HaH raHKa; 7 - peaKTHBHbIH Jl.BlIraTeJIb; 8 - 60JIT C raHKOH
T P 0 H H H K 2 CJIYMHT ,lI,JIH nepe,lI,aqH ,lI,eTOHaUI1H MelK,l(Y 3BeHbHMII
6JIOKa H COCTOIIT II3 Koprryca 7 C TpeM5I npHBapeHHbIMH BTYJIKaMH.
TpOHHHK CHap5I:tKeH TpOTHJIOBbIMI1 IllaIIlKaMI1 8 H KpenHTC5I B pacTpy6e
XOMYTa, npII 3TOM <pHKcaTOp 9, BXO,lJ,5I MelK,lJ,Y cKo6aMH XOMYTa, o6ecne-
qIIBaeT TaKoe nOJIOMeHHe BTYJIOK, rrpH KOTOpOM OHI1 H3rrpaBJIeHbI K
3BeHbHM 6JIOKa. EJIOKH OCHOBHbIe H 6JIOKH C KYMYJIHTIIBHbIM ,lI,pOCce-
JIeM II TpOHHIIKOM, YCTaHaBJIHBaeMbIe B rOJIOBHOH qaCTII 3 ap5I,lI,a , IIMe-
IOT T5IrOBbIe peaKTHBHbIe ,lI,BHraTeJIH, KOTOpbIe KperrHTCH B pacTpy6ax
XOMYTOB (pHC. 35).
TlIfOBbIM )J,BliraTeJIb (plIC. 37) OTJII1qaeTC5I OT rOJIOBHOro TeM. qTO
COrrJIOBbIH 6JIOK HMeeT TPH corr.Tra 9, 06eCrreQHBaIOlll.I1X peaKTHBHYIO
T5Iry B,lI,OJIb OCII ,lI,BHra TeJI5I.
THrOBbIe JI,BI1raTeJIH C 3aMe,lI,JIeHHeM HMeIOT BOCrrJIaMeHI1Te.TIbHbIe
YCTpOHCTBa - C 3aMe,lI,JIHTeJI5LMH Ha 5-6 c. Ha Kopnycax ,lI,BIIraTeJIeH
C 3aMe,lI,JIIITe.II5IMI1 HaHeceHbI KpaCKOH ,lI,Ba rr05ICKa. gBHraTeJIH 6e3 3a-
Me,lI,.TIIITeJIeH nOHCKOB He HMeIOT. TIoOqepe,lI,Ha51 pa60Ta ,lI,BHraTeJIeH 6e3
3aMe,lI,JIeHIIH H C 3aMe,lI,JIeHHeM o6eCneLII1BaeT 60JIee ,lI,JIHTeJIbHoe ,lI,eHCT-
BI1e T5IrOBOro YCIIJIH5I.
6JIOK OCHOBHOH C Y3JIOM nepe)l.aQM )l.eToHaQIiH H TpOCOBOA KaTYw-
KOM co B3pblBaTeJIeM (pIiC. 38) npe,lI,Ha3HaqeH ,lI,JI5I o6eCrreqeHHH B3pbI-
1
I
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f
5
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'-':: == \ - ==
\=_:..-
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i
11 10
7
10
I
9
12 17
P 37 PeaKTHBHbIH nBHraTe.nb THrOBbIl-I c 3aMe.LI.JIHTe.neM:
HC. . e C'I1 '0iicTBO' 3 - AHO KaMepbI; 4 - nopoxo-
1 - nnaCTM8CCOBaH npo6Ka; 2 - BOCTIJIaM :;.eJI HO pa TI HOe K JIbU.O; 7 _ COTI.:iOBOH 6JIOK; 8-
BoA BOCflJl8MeHHTeJIb; 5 - nopoxoBaH . m 1 a O _ n'IaH6a. 11 _ raHKa; 12 - naTPy60K
4>H caTop; 9 - COTI.JIa, '
74
75
B
10
12
KOM H 3arraJIa M,[L-IO 4. K XBOCTOBHKY B3pbIBaTeJIH 3aKperrJIeH BTOpOH
KOHell. Tpoca 6.
B TpaHcrropTHoM rrOJIOLKeHHH XBOCTOBHK B3pbIBaTeJIH Y,lI,ep:tKHBaeT-
CH rrpe,lI,OXpaHHTeJIbHOH qeKO 10. YCHJIHe cpa6aTwBaHHH B3pWBaTeJIH
60 Krc.
Y 3 e .TI rr e p e ,lI. a q H ,lI, e T 0 Hall. H H 1 o6eCrreQHBaeT rIepe aqy ,lI,e-
TOHalI,HH OT B3pbIBaTeJIH 3BeHb5IM 6JIOKa, Ha KOTOpOM OH 3aKperrJIeH
,lI,BYMH XOMYTaMH. OR COCTOHT H3 Koprryca II BBapeHHbIX B Hero Tpex
BTYJIOK. I-Ia O,lI,HOH H3 BTYJIOK HTvIeeTC5I HKcaTOp, 06eCrreqHBalOI.IXHH Ta-
Koe nOJIO)KeHHe BTYJIOK, IIPH KOTOpOM OHH HarrpaBJIeHbI K 3BeHbHM 6JIO-
Ka. BTYJIKH CHapH:tKeHbI TpOTHJIOBbIMH IlIailIKaMH. BHYTPH Koprryca pa3-
MeI.IXaeTCH ,lJ,orrOJIHHTeJIbHbIH ,lI,eTOHaTOp, KOTOpbIII MO:tKeT 6bITb rrOCTaB-
JleH B O,lI,HO H3 ,lI,BYX rro.nO:tKeHHH: TpaHcrropTHoe HJIH 60eBoe.
11 0 rr 0 JI H H T e JI b H bI ti ,lI, e T 0 HaT 0 p COCTOHT H3 ,lI,BYX CTaKaHOB:
60eBoro 8, CHap5I:tKeHHOrO ,l1,BYMH TpOTHJIOBbIMH lllalIlKaMH C 3anaJIb-
HbIM rHe3JI,OM rro,lI, 3arraJI M,[L -1.0, 3aI1l.HTHOrO 9 C TOJICTbIM ,lI,HOM, B KO-
TOpOM HMeeTCH rHe31l0 )LJI5I 3arra.TIa M,[L -10.
B T P a H C rr 0 p THO M rr 0 JI 0 LK e H H II (pHC. 38, 8) ,lI.orrOJIHHTeJIb-
HbIH JI,eTOHaTOp YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH 3aIllHTHbIM CTaKaHOM B CTOPOHY K
B3pbIBaTeJIIO, H MaCCHBHoe JI,HO OT,lI,eJIHeT 3arraJI M,[L-I0 OT TpOTHJIOBbIX
lIlarneK. 3anaJIbHOe rHe3JI,O B 60eBOM CTaKaHe B 3TOM CJIyqae 3aKpbITO
MeTaJIJIHqeCKHM KPY)KKOM, OKpaIlleHHbIM B 6eJIbIH ll.BeT.
B 6 0 e B 0 M rI 0 JI 0 )K e H H H (pHC. 38, 6 H '2) JI,OrrOJIHHTeJIbHbIH JI,e-
TOHaTOp YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH 60eBbIM CTaKaHOl\1 B CTOPOHY K B3pbIBaTeJIIO.
B 3TOM CJIyqae MeTaJIJIHqeCKIIH KPY:tKOK Y,lI,aJIHeTCH H 3arraJI M,Il-lO
BXO,lI.IIT B 3arraJIbHOe rHe3JI,0 60eBoro CTaKaHa. 060JI,OK 3alll.HTHOrO CTa-
KaHa OKpaIlleH B KpaCHbIH UBeT II rrpH YCTaHOBKe ,lI,OrrOJIH'HTeJIbHOrO JI,e-
TOHaTopa B 60eBoe rrO.nO:tKeHHe BbIcTyrraeT H3 Koprryca Y3JIa nepe,lI,a4H
.lI.eToHalI,HH. lJorrOJIHHTeJIbHbIH ,lI,eTOHaTOp KperrHTC5I B Koprryce y3.TIa rre-
pe,lI,aIIH JI,eTOHall.HH HaKH,lI,HOH raHKOH co cTorrOpHbIl\1 BHHTOM 7.
3neKTpoceTb CJIY:tKHT ,lI,JIH oJI,HoBpeMeHHoro BOCrrJI3MeHeHIIH rrHpo-
rraTpoHoB BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJIbHWX YCTPOHCTB peaKTHBHwX ,lI,BHraTeJIeH OT
nO,lI.pbIBHOH MaIllHHKH KflM-IA (KTIM-2).
3JIeKTpOCeTb COCTOHT H3 JI,BYX rrOJIYKoMrrJIeKToB. Ka:IK):(bLH rroJIY-
KOMrrJIeKT COCTOIIT H3 pacrrpe,lI.e.lIHTeJIbHOrO 3 (pHC. 39), MarHCTpaJIb-
Horo 6 rrpOBoJI,OB H rrpoBo,lI,a ynpfBJIeHHH 5. Pacrrpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHbIH rIpO-
BO,Z:l IIMeeT 11 OTBO,lI,OB C rrOJIYMycpTaMII 2 Ha KOHll.ax. TIO.TIYMycpTbI 3a-
KpbITbI KpbIIllKaMH 1, 3aMbIKalOI.IXIIMH KOHTaKTbI nOJIYMycpT. Ha KOHll.e
pacrrpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHOrO rrpoBo,lI.a IIMeeTCH rrOJIYMycpTa 7 ,lI,JIH coe HHeHHH
C MarHCTpaJIbHbIM npoBo,lI,oM. MarHCTpaJIbHbIH npoBoIL LI.JIIIHOH 60 M
HMeeT rrOJIYMycpTbI Ha 060HX KOHll.ax. TIpOBO,lI. ynpaBJIeHHH ,lI,JIHHOH
0,6 M HMeeT Ha O)1HOM KOHue rrOJIYl\1y<pTY ,lI"JIH coe,lI.,HHeHIIH C MarHCT-
pa.TIbHbIM IIpOBO.lI.O M , a Ha ,lI.,PyroM KOHll.e - ,lI,Ba HaKOHeqHHKa 4 ,lI.JIH
nO,lI.,KJIlOqeHHH K 3aLKHMaM nO,lI.,pbIBHOH MaIllIIHKH. O,lI.,HH rrOJIYKoMrrJIeKT
06eCneqHBaeT nycK 3apH,lI.,a ,lI.,JIHHOH 50 M. ,[LJIH nYCKa 3apH,lI.,a ,lI.,JIHHOH
19 0 M HCnOJIb3YlIOTCH 06a rrOJIYKOMrrJIeKTa. B 3TOM c.nyqae pacrrpe,lI.,e-
JIHTeJIbHbIe H MarHCTpaJIbHbIe rrpOBO,lI.,a coe,lI.,IIHHIDTCH CBHHqHBaHHeM
KOHueBbIX nOJIYMy<pT 7 II 2. TIpII 3TOM rrOJIyqaeTCH 3JIeKTpOCeTb C 06-
e :lJ,: 0:: aoHHH :C =C3T:;:a ' 3TOT 6JIOK YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH no-
p 0 COB a 51 KaT Y ill K a 3 npe,lJ,cTaBJIHeT c060 u
TOpbIH Hal\10TaH TpOC 11 LI;JIHHOlf 350 M HaMeT H ll.HJIHH,lI,p, Ha KO-
C TpOCOM nOMCllJ.eH B Kopnyce. KOTOPbI nOMO P M 2,16 MM. l1.HJIHHlJ,P
CTOBHKa / BYMH XOM)'TaMH KpenHTCH Ha 6JIOKC B IO e : .IJ a T:BO
10 J
4 10
d
2
PUC. 38. D.nOK C Y3JIOM nepe,LI,aLIH ,.QeTOHal IIH
11 1'pOCOBofi K3TywKoli co B3 p bIB'1-
TeJle?\1: (
a- 6" 6
o IlI;I-IH BlUr. JIOKa; 6 - \B3pbIBaTeJIb. 8 - T3eJI 1-
TOHaTOp B TpaHCnOpTHOM nOJI'O)KeHHIi)' _ TP Y nepe.n.a IH .n.eTOH3L(HH (;l,OnOJI.HHTeJIbHbIH .n.e-
.n.a1.IH .n.eTOHaL(HH (;l,OnOJIiHHTeJIbHbIH .n.e OHaTOp O 06aH KaTYiliKa co B3pbIBaTeJIeM Ii Y3JIOM nepe-
H L(HH; 2 :;-B3pbIBaTeJIb; 3 _ TpOCOBaH KaTYiliKa. 4 oe BOM nO eHIUI); 1 - Y3eJI nepeJl,a1.IH .n.CTO-
CTonopHblH BH'I1T; 8 - 60eBOH CTaKaH .n.OnOJIHHTe:"1bHOr an::. ,L-J..-IO: 5 - y.n.aPHWK;.. 6 - TpOC; 7-
npe.n. ox p3HHTeJIbH3H 1.IeK3. 11 _ T .n. O a 1 T 2 opa, 9 - 3aI..U.HTHblH CT3K3H; 10-
, pOC, - 3HKep
,lI,eplKaTeJIlO Kopnyca TpOCOBOH KaTYlIlKH C nOMOlll.blO BTYJIKH C raHKOH
penHTC5J B3pbIBaTeJIb 2. OlJ,lfH KOHeu. Tpoca 3aKpenJIeH Ha aHKepe 12
HKep rrpe1(CTaBJIHeT C060H MeTa.TIJIlIQeCKHI1 CTepLKeHb CBHHqeHHbI
H3 ,lI,BYX qaCTeH B T p aHcrro p ,
7" .. u THOM nOJIO)KeHHH aHKep HaXO,lI,HTCH BHYT-
pH Koprryca TpOCOBOH aTYlIlKH H YJI,eplK'HBaeTCH B HeM C nOMO bID
KpbIIIlKH, HaBHWIHBaeMOH Ha XBOCTOBHK Kopnyca. llJ.
B p bI BaT e JI b 2 HaT5DKHOro lJ,eHCTBHH COCTOHT H3 Kopnyca ylJ,ap-
HHKa ,Y,lI,ep)KHBaeMoro rnapHK3'MH, rrpY)KHHbI, XBOCTOBH'Ka C K JIrraq-
76
77
,:
1:1
l
I
II
f 4
PliCA 39. 3JIeKTpOCeTb (IIO.nYKOMIIJIeKT):
1 - KpbIIIlKa; 2 - IIlTbIpbKoBbIe nOJIYMY<PTbI; 3 -' pacnpe,ll.eJIHTeJIbHbIH npOBO,n' 4 - HaKO-
HeqHHKH JI.JI5I nO,ll.,KJIIOqeHH5I K KOH,ll.eHCaTOpHoH nO,ll.JPbI:BHOH: MaIIlHHKe" 5 np '
. 6 ' . ' - OBO,n yrrpaB-
JIeHH5I. - MarHCTpaJIbHbIu rrpOBO ; 7 - JIeneCTKOBbIe nOJIYMY<PTbI
J
'"
PUC. 40. KJIIOqH JI.JIH C60PKH 3ap5IJI.a:
1 - JIeHTOqHbIH: KJIIOq; 2 - TOP'U.OB IH: KJIIOQ; 3 - O,ll.HOCTOPOHHHH: pa,ll.HYC-
HblH KJIIOq
I.JJ:eH ,lI,.TIHHOH MarHCTpaJIbHOrO rrpOBO,lI,a 1:20 M H pacrrpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHOM
ceTbIO C 21 OTBO,lI.OM C rrOJIYMY£pTaMH Ha KOHu:ax.
Ha60p KJIIOIIeii (pHC. 40) pe,lI,Ha3HaqeH ,lI.JI5J pa60T rro c60pKe 3a-
pH,lI.a. B KalK,l1,OM KOMrrJIeKTe HMeeTCH IIHTb .TleHTOqHbIX, ,lI,Ba O,lI,HOCTO-
pOHHH pa,lI.HycHbIX KJIIOLIa - ,lI,JIH HaKH,lI.HbIX raeK 3BeHbeB H raeK ,QBH-
raTeJIeH H TPH TOPUOBbIX K.TlIOqa - ,lI.JIH raeK XOMYTOB
IlpHHQHII ,lI.eHcTBHH
¥IMrrYJIbC 3JIeKTpHqeCKOrO TOKa OT KOH,lI,eHCaTOpHoH IIO,lI.pbIBHOH Ma-
IllHHKll BOCnJIaMeH5IeT O,lI,HoBpeMeHHo IIlIporraTpoHbI BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJIb-.
78
HbIX YCTPOHCTB Bcex IIO,lI.KJIIOqeHHbIX K 3JIeKTpOCeTII peaKTHBHbIX ,lI,BH-.
raTeJIeH.
aT IIlIporraTpOHOB BOCIIJIaMeHHiIOTCH IIOpOXOBble BOCrrJIaMeHIITeJIH H
rropOXOBble 3apH,lI,bI ,lI,BHraTeJIeH 6e3 3aMe):LJIeHIIH II 3aMe,lI,.TIHTeJIH ,lI.BH-
raTeJIeH C 3aMe,lI,JIeHlIeM. Bce ,lI.BHraTeJIH 6e3 3aMe,lI..TIHTeJIeH HaQHHaIOT
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MY KJllOqOM, II OTKHHYTb OCB0602KJI.eHHYIO cK06y;
CH5ITb BliraTeJIb Ii iBHOBb .co6paTb XOMYTbl.
,QJI5I nOJI.KJIIOQeHH5I 3JIeKTpOCeTH Heo6xo,lJ.HMO:
paCT5IHYTh pacnpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHWH npOBO,lJ. B,lJ.Onb rOJIOBHOH aCTH
3apSAa;
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nOL{KJIlOqHTb OTBO,lJ.bI pacnpe,n:eJIHTeJIbHOM ceTH K JI.BHraTeJI5IM,
JI,JI51 qero, Ha qHHa5I C rOJIOBHOrO 6JIOKa, nOOqepe,lI,HO OTBHHTHTb npo6-
KH BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJIbH@X YCTPOHCTB II BBIIHTIITb Ha MeCTO np060K O
'OTKa3a no.TIYMY<PTbI OTBO,lI,OB (KpbIIllKH nOJIYMY<PT C OTBO,lI,OB, He no,lI,-
KJHOLIaeMbIX K JI.BHraTeJI5IM, He CBHHQHBaIOTC5I, TaK KaK 3TO npIIBO,lI,HT
K pa3pbIBY :QenH);
3aKperrHTb (3aaHKepIITb) KOHeu paCIIpe,lJ.eJIHTeJIbHOrO npOBOJI.a
K KOJIY, B6HTOMY B 40 CM C60KY OT 3ap5I,lI,a;
nOllKJIlOqHTb K pacnpe,lI,eJIHTenbHoMY npoBO,lI,Y MarHCTpaJIbH M
npOBOJI. CBHHQHBaHHeM nOJIYMycpT H npOT5IHYTb MarHCTpaJIbHbIH npo-
BO)]. K rrycKoBoH CTaH:QHH;
npHcOeJI.HHHTb K MarHCTpaJIbHoMY npoBOJI.Y rrpOBO,lJ. yrrpaBneHH5I;
llpoBepHTb HcnpaBHocTb 3.JIeKTpOCeT'II (rrpH6opoM JIM-48 IHJIH Ma-
JIbIM oMMeTpoM); corrpOTHBJIeHHe 3JIeKTpOCeTH ,lI,OJI2KHO 6bITb B rrpe-
JI,eJIax: ,lJ.JI5I 3ap5I,lI,a 50 M - 5-12 OM; JI.JI5I 3ap5I,lI.a 100 M - 9-
20 OM.
ILJI5I YCTaHOBKH Tpe6yeMoM ,lI,JIHHbI Tpoca He06xo,lI,HMO:
CBHHTHTb KPbIIIlKY C XBOCTOBHKa Kopnyca TpOCOBOH KaTYIIlKH H
113B.IIeqb aHKep;
BbI6paTb H3JIHIllHlOIO ,lI,JIHHY Tpoca - C 3anaCOM Ha nepeKpbITHe
MIIHHoro nOJI5I, paBHbIM 10M.
npHMep 1.
JLHcTaH H5I nO aqH (pacCT05lHHe OT 3a Hero KOH a XBOCTOBoro 6noKa o rpaHH-
D.bI MHHHoro nonH) 250 M; 350 - 250= 100 M, C yqeTOM 3anaca 10 M HY2KHO BbI6paTb
110 M Tpoca.
npHMep 2.
JLHcTaH HH no)].aqH 294 M; 350 - 294 = 56 M, C yqeTOM 3anaca 10M HY2KHO Bbl6-
paTb 66 M Tpoca;
oTpy6HTb BbI6paHHbIH H3JIHIIlHHH TpOC;
npHKpenHTb KOHe:Q TpOca K aHKepy, ,lI,J15I lJero CBHHTHTb C KOH:Q3
:aHKepa raRKY, 06BHTb TpOC TpH-qeTbIpe pa3a BOKpyr aHKepa, nporry-
CKa5I ero Qepe3 na3 Ha KOH:Qe aHKepa, H HaBHHTHTb raHKY ,lI,0 oTKa3a;
B6HTb aHKep B rpYHT B 30-50 :CM :C'3aJ(H XBOCTOBHKa TpOCOBOH
Ka TYIlIKIL
f1pH 33aHKepHBaHHH TpOC3 B nJIOTHOM HJIH Mep3JIOM rpYHTe HC-
rrOJIb3yeTC5I BepXH5I5I QaCTb aHKepa. HHLKH5I5I qaCTb M02KeT 6bITb HC-
nOJIb30BaHa ,lI,JI5I 3aKpenJIeHH5I pacnpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHOrO npOBO,lI,a.
ILJI5I nepeBO,lI,a B 60eBoe nOJI02KeHHe B3pbIBaTeJI5I H Y3JIa nepe,lI,a-
tIH ,lI,eTOHa:QHH He06xoJI.HMO:
H3BJIeqb 113 B3pbIBaTeJI5I npe oxpaHHTeJIbHYIO qeKY, ,lI,JI5I qero
CH5ITb C ee KOH:QOB npOBOJIOKY C nJIoM60H Ii BbI,lI,epHYTb qeKY 3a
KOJIb:QO;
oc.na6HTb CTonopHbIH BHHT H CBHHTHTb raHKY, YJI.ep2KHBalOIlI.YIO
OnOJIHHTeJIbHWH ,lI,eTOHaTOp B Kopnyce Y3JIa nepe,lI,aqH ,lI,eTOHa:QHH;
BWHYTb ,lI,OnOJIHHTeJIbHWH JI.eTOHaTOp H BHOBb BCTaBHTb ero ,lI,PY-
THM KOH:QOM (60eBbIM CTaKaHOM B CTOPOHY TpOCOBOll KaTYIllKH);
BbIHYTb H3 raH'KH MeTaJIJIHqeCKHH KPY2KOK, OKpaIIleHHbIH B 6eJIbIH
D,B eT;
3aKpenHTb ,lI,OnOJIHHTeJIbHWH ,lJ.eTOHaTOp B 60eBOM nOJIOllieHHH,
HaBH.HTHB raiiKY H 3aTHHYB CTOIIOpHbIH B-HHT.
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eTC5I no KpaC.,HOMY 060,lI,KY 3am:HTHoro CTaKaHa, BblcTynalOIl{eMY H3
OTBepCTH5I ranKH co CTonopHbIM BHHTOM.
I1pe,lI,OXpaHHTeJlbHa5I qeKa H MeTaJIJIHqeCKHH KPY)KOK. a TaK)Ke
OTpe30K oTpy6JIeHHOrO Tpoca rrOCJIe rrYCKa 3apR,lI,a C,lI,alOTC5I KOMaH-
,lI,HPY, OTBeqalOm:eMY 3a npOi,lI,eJlbIBaHHe npOXO,lI,a.
C60pKa 3ap5I,lI,a B CJIyqae, KOr,lI,a ,lI,BHraTe.HH H TpOCOBa51 KaTYWKa
co B3pbIBaTeJIe..,M 3a6.HarOBpeMeHHO He YCTaHOBJIeHbI B 6IJI0KH, opra-
HH3yeT 5I B TOH }Ke nOCJIe,lI,OBaTeJIbHOCTH. fIpH 3TOM YCTaHOBKa ,lI,BH-
raTeJIeH B 6JIOKH rrpOH3B0)1HTC5I B XO,lI,e COe,lI,HHeHH5I 6JIOKOB KOMaH,l1)1-
pOM OT,lI,eJIeHH5I C ,lI,BYM5I HOMepaMH paCqeTa rrOC.Jle Toro, KaK 6Y,lI,YT
coe,lIHHeHbI aepBble TPH 6.TIOKa 3a pR,lI,a.
CHap51/KeHHe B3pbIBaTeJI5I 3arra.JI0M M,lL -10 H YCTaHoBK3 TpOCOBOH
KaTywKH co B3pbIBaTeJleM B 6JIOK C Y3.TIOl\tI rrepe,.1,aLIn Jl.eTOH3UHH npo-
H3BO,l1.5ITC5-I nOCJIe C60PKH Bcero 3ap5I,lI,a. COe,l1.HHeHHe 6. T IOKOB I1PH
C60PK 3a p5I,l1.a ,lI,JI5I 6YKCHPOBKH rrpOH3BO,lU1TC5I TaK ./Ke, KaK H Ha ny..
CKOBOH rr03HIl.HH.
OpH 6YKCHPOBKC 3ap5I,lI,a Ha rrycKOBYID n03HQHID T3HKOM 33p5l
npHQenJI5IeTC}I 3a rOJIOBHYlO qaCTb. ,EYKCHPOBOqHbIH Tpor Ha nOJ10BH-'
HY Jl..HHHbJ rrporrycKaeTC5I MelK,lI,Y BepxHeH H HHlKHHMH BTV.JIKaMH ro-
JIOBHOH qaCTH H Cepbra1\IH LLerrJl5IeTC5I 3a 6YKCHPOBOqHbIC ;(PIDKH TaH-
Ka TaK, qT06bI HaT5IlKeHHe o6eHx nOJIOBHH Tpoca 6bI.TIO paBHO\1epHblMv
EYK !IpOBKa npOH3BO,l1.HTC5I co CKOpOCTblO: Ha rrp5-IMbIX Y4acTKax -.-
,lI,0 1 KM/q; Ha nOBopoTax C pa,lI,HycoM rrOBopOTa He MeHee 150 M--'
)I,O 6 KM/q. f10CJle 6YKCHPOBKH rrpoH3BOLIJITCH I10,lI,KJIlO4eHHe 3/IeKTpo-
ceTH, YCTaHOB'Ka ,lI,.TIHHbI Tpoca, 3aaHKeplfBaHHe Tpoca H nepeBo,n; B3Pbl-
BaTe.Jl51 H Y3J12 rrepe,n;a 4H )I,eTOHaILHH B 60eBoe nOJIO)KeHIIe, OTpbIBKa
OKona ,lI,JI5I nYCKOBOH CTaHQHH H MaCKHpOBKa 3ap5-I,l1.3 B TO:\1 )KC nop5l,LI,-
Ke, KaK H ,ITPH c60pKe Ha rrYCKOBOH n03HLLHH.
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fIepeJI. OTXO,lI,OM Ha nycKoBYlO CTaHQHlO KOMaH,ZJ,Ifp OT eJIeHH5I
065I3aH rrpoBepHTb:
COOTBeTCTBHe c06paHHoro 3ap5I,lI,a cxeMe C60PKH;
rrpaBH.TIbI-IOCTL YCTaHoBKH ,lI,BHraTeJleH H Kpen TIeHHe HX rnaiI6aMH
H raHKaMH;
nOllK 104eHHe rronYMY T 3neKTpoceTH K ,lI,BHraTe HM H HaJIH4He
KpblrneK Ha nOJIYlVIycpTax, He rrO,lI,KJIIOqeHHbIX K ,lI,BHraTe 1.HM;
3aaHKepHBaHHe pacrrpe,lI,eJIHTeJIbHOH ceTH H KOHQa Tpoca TpOCOBO
KaTYIllKH;
CH5IT3 J1H npelI.OXpaHHTelJlbHa5I qeKa;
rrpaBH bHOCTb YCTaHOBKH ,lI,OrrOJIHHTenbHoro ,lI,eTOHaTopa B 60eBoe
nO.nO)KeHHe.
Depe,lI, rrYCKOM 3ap5I,lI,a rrpOH3BO,lI,HTCH KOHTpO.TlbHa5I rrpOBepKa HC-
rrpaBHOCTH 3JIeKTpOCeTH c.nYCKOBOH CTaHQHH. 0YCK 3apH,lI,a rrpOH3BO-
,lI,HTC5I C nOMom:blO (KOH,lI,eHCaTOpHOH MaIllHHKH KIlM-IA (KDM-l
.KDM-2) no CHrHaJIY (KOMaH,lI,e) KOMaH Hpa. '
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nO,lI,KJIlOqHTb HaKOHeqHHKH npOBo a yrrpaBJIeHH.H K 3a)KH1\IaM no)1,-
pbIBHOH MalllHHKH;
3ap5I,lI,HTb MaIllHHKY;
no CHrHaJIY (KoMaHLI-e) Ha2KaTb KHorrKY MaIllHHKH.
f1pH rrO,lI,aqe 3ap5I,lI,a HaXO)K,lI,eHHe JIlO,lI,eH BHe YKPbITHH 6.TIHiKe
500 M 01' MeCTa B3pbIBa, a rrpH pacnOJIO)KeHHH B YKPbITHHX (oKon3x,
TpaHllle5Ix) 6JIH)Ke 150 M 3anpell(aeTCSI.
ECJIH 3ap5I,Z:L He npOilleJI YCTaHOBJIeHHYlO ,lI,HCTaHLLHlO H BCnelI.CTBHe
3Toro He B30pBaJICR, paCqeT, npOH3BO,lI,HBIllHH rrYCK, B3pbIBaeT era
BPyqHYlO. ,l:LJIR 3Toro He06xo,lI,HMO:
OTBHHTHTb raHKY C aHKepa H OTB5I3aTb KOHeQ Tpoca;
HaXO,lI,5ICb OKOJIO aHKepa, BbI6paTb H3 Koprryca TpOCOBOI"I KaTYWKH
OCTaBillYlOC5I qaCTb Tpoca;
rrpHB5I3aTb TpOC K cepe,lI,HHe KOJIa (.:10naTbI, Kapa6HHa) ;
HaTH)KeHHeM Tpoca YCH TIHeM ,lI.BYX qe TIOBeK JIe2Ka npHBeCTH B Zl,eH-
CTBHe B3pbIBaTeJIb.
Pa360pKa H YHHLJT02KeHHe 3ap5I,lI.a
C06paHHbIH H He nO,lI,aHHbIH Ha MHHHoe rrOJIe 3apH,lI, pa36HpaeTCH B
rrOp5I,Z:LKe, 06paTHOM c60pKe. Pa360pKa HaqHHaeTC5I C rrepeBO,lI,a ,lI,OnOJ1-
HHTeJIbHOrO ,lI,eTOHaTopa B TpaHcnopTHoe (6e30naCHoe) TIO O)KeH"e H
rrOCTaHOBKH I1pe,lI,OxpaHHTe TIbHOH qeKH BO B3pbIBaTeJIb. Ha Kopnyce
TpOCOBOH KaTYIllKH HeCMbIBaeMOH KpaCKOH YKa3bIBaeTC5I OCTaB1ll3 HrC5I
JJ.JIHHa Tpoca, eC.TIH rrpH rrO,Z:LrOTOBKe K rrO,Z:Laqe 3ap5l113 TpOC 6bI.I1 YKO-
pOqeH.
3ap5l,lI" He B30pBaBIllHrIC5I nOCJ1e rrpOXO}l(,lI,eHH5-I 3a,lI,aHHOH JIJICTaH-
Il,HH, pa36HpaTb 3anpell(aeTCSI. OH YHHqTO}KaeTC5I 3 TIeKTpHqeCKnl\1 cno-
C060M B3pbIBOM HaKJIa)J.Horo 3ap5I,Z:La, YCTaHOBJIeHHOrO Ha O)J.HO H3
3BeHbeB XBOCTOBoro 6JIOKa.
n p a K T H q e C K II H 3 a p 5I ,lI, P a 3 M H H II P 0 B a H II H l3-3P
fIpaKTHqeCKHH 3ap5I,Z:L rrpe,lI,Ha3HaqaeTCH ,lI,JI5I 06yqeHH5I JIIP-IHOrO o-
CTaBa rrpO,lI,eJIbIBaHHlO rrpOXO,lI,OB B rrpOTHBOTaHKOBbIX MHHHbIX ,rrOJIHX Ii
OTJIHqaeTC5I OT 60eBoro TeM, qTO B3pbIBaTeJIb H Bce 6JIOKH 3ap5I,ITa-
YQe6Hble H HMelOT HHepTHoe CHap5I)KeH He. Bce peaKTHBHble ,IlBHraTeJII1
HMelOT 60eBoe CHap5I}KeHHe H rr03TOl\1Y npH HCrrOJIb30B3HHH rrpaKTHQe-'
CKoro 3ap5I,lI,a Y3-3P Tpe6yeTcH C06JIlO,lI,aTb COOTBeTCTBYlOIl{He lVlepbf.
6e30rraCHOCTH.
3.2. 3AP5IAbl )].JI51 YCTAHOBOK PA3MMHMPOBAHMSI
K. 3ap5I,lI,aM ,lI,JI5I YCTaHOBOK pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I OTHOCHTC5I 3apHllbI
Y3-67 Y3fI -72 H Y3fI -77. OHH rrpe,lI,Ha3Ha qalOTC5I )J}IH rrpo,lI,eJIbIBaHHH
npoxo oB B3pbIBHbIM crroc060M B rrpoTHBoTaHKoBbIX MHHHbIX rrOJl51x.
YCTaHoBKaMH pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I YP-67 H YP-77. Ha MHHHoe nOJle 3a-
p5l,lI,bI pa3MHHHpoBaHHH no.rr-aIOTC5I no B03,I(YXY pea'KTHBHbIMH ,I(BHra-
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MHHHpOBaHH5I o6eCrreQHBaeTC5I C
nOMOIlI.bIO pe3b6oBbIX BTYJIOK H Ha-
KH)J.HbIX raeK, KOTOpbIMH KaRaT
OOe,lI,HH5IeTC5I co B31pbIiBaTeJIeM Ii
T0p'M03HbIM ,MeXaHH3-MOM YCTaHOB-
Kill (IIJI'H O,lI,HH KaH aT 'C ,lXpyrHl\1-
npH HCnOJIb30BaHHH J],BYX Ka,Ha-
TOB) .
11 pH rro)J.a Qe 3ap5I)],a pa3MHHH-
pOBaHH5I Ha HCTaHUHIO 200 M rrpH-
MeH5IfOTCH OlI,HH TOpM03HOH KaHaT,
a IIPH rrO,lLa Qe Ha )IHCTaHlI,HIO
4
-5
PHC. 49. ITaTpoH OTuerrKII TOp-
M03Horo iKaHaTa:
1 - Koprryc; 2 - CBeIIa; 3 - nHponaT-
pOH; 4 - nnpOTeXHHIIeCKHH COCTaB;
5 - .lI,HacPparMa C oTBepCTH5IMH
PHC. 50. COe,lI,IIHHTeJ1bHaH BTYJIKa
350 M - ,lI,Ba TOpM03HbIX 'KaHaTa, COejllIHeHHbIX Me2Ki,lJ,Y C060H.
naTpOH oTu.enKH TOpM03Horo KaHaTa (pHC. 49) CJIY}KHT ,lI,JI5I OTcoe-
HHeHH5I TOpM03Horo KaHaTa OT YCTaHOBKH noc.TIe B3pbIBa 3ap5I,lJ.a 6e3
BbIXO,lLa 3KHrra2Ka H3 YCTaHoBKH. I1aTpoH OTlI,errKH COCTOHT II3 Koprry-
ca 1, CBe4Ii 2, rrHporraTpoHa 3, IlHpoTexHH4ecKoro COCTaBa 4 H )J.Ha-
'<pparMbI 5 C oTBepCTH5IMH. I1aTpoH OTlI,errKII YCTaHaBJIHBaeTC5I Ha YCTa-
HOBKe pa3MHHIIpoBaHHH B CTBOJl MexaHH3Ma OTIl.errKH KaHaTa II 3a-
KperrJI5IeTC5I B HeM HaKII)IHOH: raiiKOH. JI5I OTuenKH KaHaTa C nYJIbTa
yrrpaB.n:eHH5I Ha KOHTaKTbI CBe4H rrO)J.aeTC5I HMrry JIbC 3JIeKTpIP-ICCKoro
TOKa, OT KOToporo Bocrr.rlaMeHHeTC5I rrHporraTpOH, OH 3a}KHraeT rrHpo-
7 3aK.1152c
97
i
TCXHli4eCKHH eOCTa'B, 'IIJIaMeHeM rop5Iw.ero rrHpOTeXHHqeCKOrO COCTaBa
TOpM03HOn KaHaT rrepe)KHraeTC5I.
COe)J.HHHTeJIbHaSl BTYJIKa (pHC. 50) CJIYMHT JI.JI5I COelI,HHeHHH LlBHra-
TeJIen. OHa H3rOTOBJIeHa B BH)],e rrOJIoro LI,HJIHH pa C TpeM5I OBa.T.IbHbIMH
OKHaMH, rrpe)],Ha3HaqeHHbIMH ,lI,JI5I BbIBO,lXa pa3'beMa. BTy.11Ka HMeeT
BIIYTpeHHlOlO pe3b6y )],JI5I HaBHHqHBaHH5I Ha rraTPy60K O)],Horo ,LI,BHra-
TCJI5I H Ha Koprryc BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJIbHOrO YCTponCTBa JI.pyroro )lBHra-
TCJIH. Ha BTYJIKe IIMelOTC5I )],Ba CTorropHbIX BHHTa, KOTopble rrpe)],OTBpa-
Il alOT caMorrpOII3Bo.11bHoe OTBHHQIIBaHHe BTY.J1KH C )],BHraTeJIen.
1 2 2 J
/ / II
..n....' I ,
;- 'I ' "" ....-:..........-:...."!.:
;.:::: ..'1HI.......;;;.». ,. . :(
iT =: Ilk\\v\\ . ,j ' : Z ,, "'m""\\\'\\\\ ,-" '
.! ...;.;........., .......J! lIt? ""' llil
i: ::::::::::!::' .:i::::::::: . il .:7fUM ' , 11111111111I """
-; . !: : :.:. .;::::::::::. e', :.',., .' "
/
8 7 6
5
PHC. 51. CoeJJ,HHIITe.nbHblii TpOC:
1 -- c!onop; 2 - nJIaCTMac.COBa51 npo6Ka; 3 - CTaJIbHbIe TpOCbI; 4 -- nJIaCTMaCCOBaH KpbIlllKa:
D - Ooe)I.HHI1'Te.JIbHbIe 60JITbI; 6 - pa3pblBHoH 6oJIT; 7 --- cepbra; 8 - HaKH)J,Ha51 raiIKa
PHC. 52. Pa3'be:\1:
1 --- no,nY:VIycIHa c BbIcTynaIoll HM KOHTaKTOM; 2 - nOJIY:\'IyclJTCl C
JleneCTKOBbIl\1 KOHTClKTO:V1.
Coe.u.I1HHTeJ bHbIH TpOC (pHC. 51) CJIY)KHT ,LI,.TI5I COC,lJ,HHCHH5I peaKTHB-'
IIbIX )],BHraTeJIen C lI,BYM5I HHT5IMH 3ap5I,LI,a pa3MHHHpOBaHH5L Coe,ZU1HH-
TCJlbHbIH TpOC COCTOIIT H3 )],BYX OTpe3KOB 3 CTa TIbHOrO Tpoca ,LI,!I3IvleTpOI'vl
9,5 MM H )],.11HHOH no 4 M Ka)K,lJ,bIH, pa3pbIBHoro 60 TITa 6, Cepbrl1 I C Ha-
1(II,ll,HOH raHKOH 8 H CTOIIOpOM 1, )],BYX COe,ll,HHHTeJlbHbIX 60JITOB 5 c
J1pOYIllHHaMH. C rrOMOIIl.blO cepbrH C HaKH,ll,HOH raHKOH coe)],HHHTe.TIbHbIH
TpOC KperrHTC5I K naTpy6KY 3a Hero ,lJ,BHraTeJI5I, a C rrOMOIUblO 60.11T08
)R
,
COe)lHH5IeTC5I c rOJIOBHbIMH KOHLLaMH 06eHx HHTen 3ap5I)],a pa3MHHHpO-
BaHHH. B pa3pbIBHOM 60JITe HMeeTC5I rHe3,lJ,0, B KOTopoe BBHHQHBaeTCSI
pa3'be,lXHHHTeJIbHOe YCTPOHCTBO.
I1pH xpaHeHHH B rHe3,lX0 pa3pbIBHoro 60JITa H B HaKH)l,HYlO raHKY
cepbrH BBHHQeHbI rrp06KH 2, a Ha coe)],HHHTeJIbHble 60J1TbI HaBHHI-JCHbl
KpbIlliKH 4.
Pa31>eMbl (pHC. 52) rrpe,lI.Ha3HaQeHbI )],JIH I10)],KJIlOQeHHH peaKTHBHbIX
,lXBHraTeJIeH K 3JIeKTpo06opy)],oBaHHlO YCTaHOBKH. Pa3'beM H3rOTOBJIeH
H3 oTpe3Ka )lBY)KHJIbHOrO IlpOBo)],a ,lXJIHHOH 870 MM, Ha KOHLLax KOTOpO-
fO HMelOTC5I rroJ1Y1\Iy4JTbl. 11a O,lJ,HOM KOHLLe - rrOJIYMycpTa 1 C BbICTY-
rralOIlI.HM KOHTaKTOM, a Ha ,lJ,PyroM KOHLLe - IlOJIYMYCPTa 2 C JleIleCTKO-
BbIM KOHTaKTOM.
I1pH CHap5IMeHHH YCTaHoBKH rrOJIYMY<PTa 1 BBHHQHBaeTC5I B CBeqy
BHraTeJ1H, a nOJIYMY4JTa 2 HaBHHQHBaeTC5I Ha p03eTKY HarrpaBJI5IIOrneH
rrycKoBoH YCTaHoBKH.
npOTHBOOJKOrOBble IJeXJIbl CJIY./KaT )],JI5I 3allI.HTbI ro.TloBHOH qaCTH 3a-
p5I,lXa OT ra30BbIX CTPYH peaKTHBHoro )],BHraTeJl5I. OHH npe)],cTaBJl5IJOJ
C060H 6pe3eHToBbIe PYKaBa ,lJ,JIHHOH 2 M, KOTopble Ha,lJ,eBalOTC5J Ira ro-
OBHHe qaCTH 06eHx HHTeH 3ap5IAa H Kperr5ITCH Ha HHX peMeU1KaMH.
ITpHHllHIl ,lJ,eHCTBHH
3ap5I,lJ,OM CHap5I)KaeTC5I YCTaHOBKa pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I. ITpH rrO,lJ,aqe
HMIlYJIbCa 3JleKTpHQeCKOrO TOKa C rrYJlbTa yrrpaBJleHH5I YCTaHOBKII H3
BOCrrJIaMeHHTeJlbHble YCTpoHcTBa peaKTHBHbIX ,lJ,BHraTeJleH BOCIlJIaMe-
HHlOTC5I nopoxoBble 3ap5I,lI.bl. Do)], ,lI.enCTBHeM peaKTHBHoH T5IrH BHra-
Te.rIH 9 (pHC. 53) CXO HT C HarrpaBJI5IlOllI.eii. fI pH jTOM BbI,lJ,eprHBaeTC51
L
3 4
71
PUC. 53. CxeMa YCTaHOBKH pa3MIIHHpOBaHHH, CHapH)KeHHoli 3ap5IJJ,OM:
1 - nClTpOH oTu.enKH TOpM03Horo KaHaTa; 2 - TOpM03HOH KaHaT; 3 B3pblBaTeJIb; 4 -
Y3eJI nepe)J,aqn )J,eTOHaQHH; 5 - 3ap5l)I.; 6 - YKJIa)I.KH C TOpM03HbIMH KanaTaMH; 7 - co -
)I.HHHTeJIbHhle BTYJ1KH; 8 - pa3'beMbI; 9 - peaKTHBHbIe )J,BHraTeJIH; 10 - pa3'be)I.HHHTeJIb-
Hoe YCTPOHCTBO; 11 - COeJl.HHHTeJIbHbIH TpOC
7*
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pOCHK pa3ne)I.HHHTenbHOrO YCTPOHCTB3 10 H B HeM 3aropaeTCH nHpo-
TeXHHQeCKHH 3aMe,lI,nHTenb. ,QBHraTenH npH )I.BH2KeHHH 3a COe)I.HHH-
TeJlbHbIH TpOC 11 BbIT5IrHBaIOT 3a COGOH 3apH)J. 5 H OH, HaqHHaH C ro-
JIOBHOH qaCTH, BbI6HpaeTCH H3 KaCCeTbI. npH BbI60pe BceH ,lI.nHHbI 3a-
pH,[(a H3 KacceTbI 3a TpOCHK BbI)I.eprHBaeTC51 CTonop H3 CTonopHoro
YCTpOHCTBa B3pbIBaTenH 3 H B3pbIBaTeJIb nepeBO,lI,HTCH B 60eBoe nono-
JKeHHe. Docne BbI60pa 3apH,lI,a H3 KacceTbI 3apH)I. YBneKaeT 3a C060H
TOpM03HOH KaHaT 2, BbI6HpaH ero H3 5lllI.HKOB 6. B noneTe nocne cropa-
HHH KopoTKoro 3aMe)I.JIHTenH, qepe3 3-4 c nOCJIe nycKa, nepexo)J.HT B
6oeBoe nOJIOLKeHHe KanClOnb-,lI,eTOHaTop B pa3'be)I.HHHTeJIbHOM YCTPOH-
CTBe, a nocne crOpaHH5I )I.JIHHHOrO 3aMe)I.JIHTenH, Qepe3 6-9 C nocne
nYCKa, KOr.lI.a )I.BHraTenH oTpa60TalOT, npoHcxoAHT B3pbIB pa3pbIBHoro
aap.H)J,a pa3'be,lI.HHHTeJIbHOrO YCTpoHcTBa. B3pbIBOM pa3pyrnaeTcH pa3-
phIBHOH 60.JIT, H ,Z:LBHraTenH OTCOe,lI,HH5IIOTCH OT 3apH)I.a. [Iocne BbI60pa
TOpM03Horo KaHaTa Ha BCIO ,lI.nHHY noneT 3ap5I.lI.a TOpM03HTCH H OH na-
)I.aeT Ha 3eMJ11O 3a MHHHoe none. BHLKeHHeM YCTaHOBKH pa3MHHHpO-
8aHH.H 3a,[(HHM X0.lI.0M 3apH.lI. 3a TOpM03HOH KaHaT Bblnp5IMn5IeTC5I H Ha-
TaCKHBaeTCH Ha MHHHoe none. [Iocne HaTaCKHBaHH.H 3ap5I.lI.a C nynbTa
ynpaBneHH5I no npOBO.lI.Y B TOpM03HOM KaHaTe nO.lI.aeTCH HMnynbc 3neK-
TpHQeCKOrO TOKa Ha B3pbIBaTenb H 3ap5I,lI. B3pbIBaeTC5I. OT .lI.eHCTBHH
Y.AapHOH BOJIHbI B3pbIBa 3apH,lI.a npoTHBoTaHKoBble MHHbI cva6aTbI'BalOT
H B MHHHOM nO.lIe o6pa3yeTcH rrpOXOlI., OCblO KOToporo HBJi5IeTCH pOB,
v6pa30BaHHbIH B3pbIBOM. [IocJIe B3pbIBa 3apH,lI.a C rrYJIbTa ynpaB.TIeHH5I
nO,lI.aeTCH HMnynbc 3JIeKTpHQeCKOrO TOKa Ha naTpoH 1 OT enKH TOp-
M03Horo KaHaTa. KaHaT nepe2KHraeTCH, OCTaeTC5I Ha MeCTe H He Me-
lIlaeT ,naJIbHeHllIeMY ,lI.BH2KeHHIO YCTaHOBKH.
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3apH,lI. pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I nO.lI.aeTCH Ha MHHHoe none C nO)I.BH2KHOH
YCTaHoBKH pa3MHHHpoBaHHH. OnHcaHHe YCTaHoBoK pa3MHHHpoBaHHH,
nOp5I,lloK CHap5I)KeHHH HX 3ap5I.lI.aMH, IIO,lI.aqa 3apH,lI.OB Ha MHHHoe nOJIe
H HX B3pbIB3HHe H3.TIO:tKeHbI B PYKOBO.lI.CTBaX no 3THM YCTaHoBKaM.
, :1
I
3.2.2. 3apSI)I, pa3MHHHpoBaHHSI Y3 "-72
I : ! I
YCTpOHCTBO 3neMeHTOB KOMnJIeKTa
3ap5I pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I Y3Il-72 OTJIHqaeTC5I OT 3apH.lI.a Y3-67
TOJlhKO YCTPOH'CT.BOM H KOJliHqeCTBOM CeKII.HH )I.eTOHHipYIOIII.erO KaOeJIH
II KOJIHQeCTBOM ,Z:LBllraTeJleH, BXO.lI.5IIII.HX B KOMITJleKT.
YCTpOHCTBO 3JleMeHTOB KOMrrneKTa (KpoMe ceKUHH l{eTOHllpYIOIII.erO
Ka6eJIH LLKPIl-4), ITpHHIl.lln HX .lI.eHCTBH5J H 3apH,lJ.a B Il.eJIOM TaKHe LKe,
KaK II 3apHAa Y3-67.
B KOMnJIeKT 3apH.lI.a Y3ll -72 BXO.lI.5IT 18 CeKIl.llll .lI.eTOHHpYIOIII.erO Ka-
6eJIH LLKPD-4. Ka)K.lI.a5I RllTb 3apH,lJ.a co6HpaeTcH lI3 9 ceKUHH.
CeK HSI .n.eTOHHpYIOll{erO Ka6eJISI AKPn-4 (pHC. 54) CHapH)KeHa
IIJlaCTHQHbIM B3pbIBQaTbIM BeIII.eCTBOM 2 (nBB-7) H HMeeT ,lJ,ByxcnoH-
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HYIO o60.rrOqKY 3. TIo OCH CeKlI,HH npOXO,lI.HT )KrYT 4 H3 KanpoHoBbIX Hl1-
Tell, 06eCneQHBalOIII.HX Heo6xo.lI.I1MYIQ npOQHOCTb CeKIl.HH Ha pa3pbIB..
Ha KOHIl.aX ceKIl.HH HMeIOTC.H BTYJIKH. BTynKa 1 HMeeT HapY./KHYIO
pe3b6y, a .lI.pyraH STY nKa HaKH,lI.HYIO raHKY 5 .lI.JIH coe HHeHH5I CeKIl.HH
Me2K.lI.Y C060H, C COe.lI.HHHTeJIbHbIM TpOCOM H C Y3noM nepe.lI.a QH .lI.eTO-
1
2
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...... ......."':i> , / ,"'A'--""'? h-.......'/ ' -......;,r .............../ A'- Y i .................../ / "y/'::-....................".. /'>.'-"-/>..'-"-./ /"o...........'-7.A.''-''''/ '......,............ "" " """' ...-?r\.'......- _...._
::: 1-'
'// //A..........:....../,..:: .//,.- , <'/.A <//- //..,...../..,....//,,"'<..//,,"'<. ,......,,/......:'\:'// ""'''' 'i ; ',
/;-v;;.;:y/...<SY/ Y/A..;:::://._ :Y/ /"<":Y/. '/"<.::Y..( !,...&>'/ - - -. .;./
"....,..,,.- , - -::-
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:-.. ,/' <?:-
_ ",___ ,,__ "/A"--/."--__"'<"./>.,'<%-....."v---/' :;... ..
;.. ,v ..,:(/; v/)... ":0- :.,'V"/'>., , 'c::::.: , ...; "'':............-->0 ---:
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PHC. 54. CeKll.H5I .n;eTOHHpYIOlUero Ka6e.nH ,lJ,KPfI-4:
1 - BTYJIKa c pe3b6oI1:; 2 - IIJIaCTHt.IHOe BB; 3 - KanpOHOBa51 060JIOQKa; 4 - }KrYT H3 Kan-
pOHOBbIX HH'Teii; 5 - HaKHJl.Ha51 raHKa
HalI,HH. Bo BTYJIKaX YCTaHOBneHbI .lI.OnOJIHHTenbHbIe .n:-eTOHaTOpbI (TpO-
THnOBbIe lllalllKH). CeKIl.H51 M02KeT neperH6aTbCH B JlI060M MeCTe.
3ap H .lI. pa3MllHHpOBaHHH Y3ll-7 i 2 nO.lI.aeTC5I Ha )1.aJlbHOCTb 500 M
C Hcnonb30B3HHeM QeTblpex peaKTHBHbIX ,lI;BHraTeneH.
3.2.3. 3apSI pa3MHHHpOBaHHSI Y3 "-77
YCTpOHCTBO 9JIeMeHTOB KOMTIJIeKTa
3ap H lI. pa3MllHHpOBaHM5I Y3ll-77 B OTJIHQHe OT 3apH.lI.a Y3Il-72
KOMrrneKTyeTC5I peaKTHBHbIMH ,Z:LBHraTeJI5IMH ,I:LM-70. H3MeHeHO KOJIH-
qeCTBO .lI.BHraTeJleH; ynaKoBKa TOpM03HbIX KaHaTOB H pa3'beMbI 3aMeHe-
HbI COe.lI.HHHTeJIbHbIMH Ka6eJIHM'M.
,llBHraTeJIb peaKTHBHbIH AM-70 (pHC. 55) COCTOHT H3 Kopnyca 5
CHapH2KeHHOrO nopOXOBbIM 3apH,lI.OM 6 11 nopOXOBbIM BocnnaMeHHTe-
.HeM 4. B Kopnyc BBHHqeHbI )J.,HO 3 H conn,DBOH 6.TI'OK 7. B ,lI.HO BBHHqell
nHponaTpOH ,QIl4-4 2. Ha ,lI.He HMeeTCH naTpy60K C Hapy)KHOH pe3b6oH..
Ha naTPy6Ke 33KpenJleHa BTYJIKa 1, KOTopaH CJIY)KHT .lI.JI5J COe.lI.'HHeHHl1
,lI.BHraTeJleH.
COTIJIOBOH 6nOK 7 HMeeT meCTb conen H naTpy60K C HapYlKHoH
pe3b60H, Ha KOTOpylO npH xpaHeHllH HaBHHQHBaeTC5I KOJlnaQOK.
101
,
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,ILBHraTeJIb ,I:LM-70 HMeeT Maccy 70 Kr, nopoxoBoii 3apH,lI. H3 O,lI.HOH
lIlalilKH - Maccy 27 Kr. BpeMH pa60TbI ,lI.BHraTeJIH 6-8 c.
I1pH nO,lI.aLIe 3apH,lI.a Ha 200 M HCnOJIb3yeTcH O,lI,HH ,lI.BHraTeJIb ,ILM-70,
a Ha 500 M - ,lI.Ba ,lLBHraTeJIH.
TOPM.?3HOH KaHaT, BXO,lI.5Illl.HH B KOMnJIeKT Y3I1-77, YJIOllieH B 6pe-
3eHTOBbIH 4:eXOJI. KaHaTbI B 6pe3eHToBbIX LIeXJIaX YCTaHaBJIHBaIOTCH Ha
YCTaHOBKe pa3lVIHHHpoBaHHH npH ee CHapH./KeHHH.
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PEC. 55. ,LJ,Bl1raTc.nb p2JKTHBHbIJ1 111\1-70:
a _::-- j; _:pe3; 6 - C e.IIHHeIiHe nl:JTpY KOB ,ILBli:raTeJIeI1. coe.z:UIHHTe,,'1bllOj'J BTYJIKOH; 1 - coe.z:UH-IH-
'1'(2"H "uH BTYJIKa, - - nHpOna!pOH; 3 -= .IIlIO; 4 - nopOXOBOI1. BOCnJIa:\1eHIfTe.JIb: 5 -- Kopnyc; 6-
nopOXOBOH 33JHI:L: I - conJIoBoii 6JIOK; 8 If 9 - naTpyGKH
I
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Ka6eJ1b COe,lJ,HHHTeJ1bHbIH 2P M-P 1(J1, BXO,lJ,5IW.HH B KOMnJIeKT Y3Jl-77
(BMeCTO pa3'beMOB B Y3I1 -72), COCTOHT H3 OTpe3Ka ,lJ,ByxnpOBO,lI.HOrO
Ka6enH ,lI,JIHHOH 1 M C nonYMY TO Ha O,lI.HOM KOHue H lIlTenCeJIbHOH
p03CTKOi1 Ha ,lJ,PyrolVI. C nOlVIOlll.bIO nOJ1YMY<PTbI H p03eTKH Ka6eJ1b coe-
,ll1IH?-leTC51 C rlI p0I1aTpOH01\1 ). BHraTeJIH If pa3'beMOM 3.neKTpoceTH! Ha
.IIanpaB.rIHIOIlleH YCTaHOBKe.
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3.2.4. npaKTI1QeCKHe 3ap5-l,lI,bI pa3MMHHpOBaHI15I Y3-67,
Y3n-72 M Y3n-77
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[1paKTHlleCKHe 3ap5I,lI.bI pa3MHHHpOBaHHH Y3-67, Y3f1-72 H Y3Il-77
npe,J,H33Har-raIOTC5I ,lLJI51 o6YQeHHH JInLIHOrO COCTaBa npO'zleJIbIBaHHIO I1pO-
XO.n,OB B MHHHbIX nOJI5Ix.
OHH OTJ1 FlaIOTCH OT 60eBbIX TeM, LITO CeKILHH ,lLeTOliHpYIOlll.erO Ka-
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HHepTHOe CHap5I)KeHHe. OCT3JIbHble 3JIe1\1eHTbI KOMI1JIeKTOB HMeIOT Ta-
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rrepeMeIIJ:eHHeM rrYCKOBoro CTaHKa 11 6YXTbI C 3ap5I,lI,OM, COBMeCTHB npo-
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llIHHKH IlM-4 Heo6xo,lI,HMO CH5ITb KPbIlllKY C Kop06KH C COe,lI,HHHTeJlb-
HOH JIHHHeil, H3BJIeqb 3a rreTJIIO lIlTeKep, pa3lVIoTaTb rrpOBO,lI,a, npH-
eOe,lXHHHTb fiX KOHUbI K 3a:lKHMaM rrOJI.pbIBHOH MalllHHKH H rrOJIO)KHTb
ee Y aHKepa; C rrOMOIIJ:blO C'beMHOH qeKH 3aKperrHTb npOBO,lI,a Ha rrycKo-
BOM CTaHKe, rrpO,lI,eB qeKY B YlllKH rrycKoBoro CTaHKa H B neT.HID Ha
rrpOBO,lI,ax;
npH .3JIeKTpHqeCKOM cnoco6e 3anycKa )J,BHraTeJI5I C nOMOlll.bIO B3pbI-
BaTeJIH I1lvlB pa30pBaTb HMelOlll.eHC5I Ha KapKace HHTKOH 6YMa)KHYlo
o6epTKY. pa3MoTaTb rrpOBO,lI,a Ha ,lI,.TIHHY He MeHee 10M H nOJIO)KHTb
B3pbIBaTeJIb 11MB y aHKepa; Ha paCCT05!HHH 0,7-1 IVI OT lllTeKepa H3
npOBO,lI,aX cBepHYTb neTJIIOJ H C nOMOIIJ:blO C'beMHOH qeKH 3aKperrHTb
rrpOBo,lI,a Ha rrycKOB01\1 CTaHKe, rrpO,lI,eB ee B YlllKH rrycKoBoro CTaHKa H
B rreT JIIG H3 npOBO,lI,aX;
CH5ITb npeJ1.0xpaHHTeJIbHYIO qeKY co B3pbIBaTeJIH 3apH,lI,a, rrpOCvle-
,lI,HB, qT06bI Me)K,l1.y HHeplI.HOHHbIM rpY30M H HaKOBaJIbHeH 6bIJI M 3KCI1-
MaJIbHbIH 3a30 u p (rrpH OTCYTCTBHH 3a30pa Me}K,lI,Y HHepUHOHHbIM rpY30M
H HaKOBaJIbHeH B3pbIBaTeJIb MO:JKeT He cpa60TaTb);
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Hoe YCTPOHCTBO Yn-60.
OpH HaJIHqHH BpeMeHH ,lI,JIH paCqeTa, npOH3BO,lL5H.lLerO nYCK 3ap5I,lI.a.,
OKOJIO aHKepa OTpbIBaIOTCH OKorr HJIIi Hqe II{H )I,JI5I CTpeJIb6bl JIe)Ka.
IlYCK 3apH,Z:(a
,QJI5I nHpOTeXHHqeCKOrO rrYCKa 3ap5I,LLa Heo6xo)J.HMO: C)J.BHHYTb C
Koprryca TepKH MeTaJIJIHqeCKYlO rHJIb3Y ,lLO OTKa3a, nepe.n:OMHTb KOp-
nye rro oc.na6JIeHHOMY CeqeHHIO H pe3KHM ,lLBHllieHHeM BbI,lI,epHYTb Tep-
KY 3a OT.nOMaHHYIO qaCTb; OTOHTH OT 3apHlI.a H3 paCCTOHHHe He MeHee
10 M (K aHKepy).
,QJI5I nycKa 3a pH,lI.a .3JIeKTpHQeCKI11\1 cnoco6oM nOlI.OHTH K aHKepy,
nepeBecTH rrOJI.pbIBHYIO MalllHHKY TIM-4 nOBopoTOM PY4KH Hel 90° B
6oeBoe nOJIO}KeHHe (,lI,OJI)KHbI 6bITb BHJ(Hbl BbIcTyrrbI, oKpallIeHHble B
KpacHbIH lI. BeT ) , B3HTb MallIHHKY B JIeBYIO PYKY TOJIKaTeJleM BBepx H
npaBoH PYKOH (JIaJI.OHbIO) YJI.apHTb no TO.TIKaTeJIIO.
OpH HCnOJIb30BaHHH nycKoBoro YCTPOHCTB3 co B3pbIBaTeJIeM 11MB
BbI,nepHYTb QeKY H3 B3pbIBaTeJI5I.
OOC.,1e rra,lI,eHH5I 3apH,lI,a Ha rpYHT ero HY./KHO 6bICTpO rrO,lI,T5IHYTb 3a
TOpM03HoH lllHYP Ha ce65I, BbI6paB 10 M lIIHypa (110 UBeTHoH MeTKH).
BpeMH rrO,Z:(T5IrHBaHHH He ,lI,OJI}KHO npeBbIlllaTb 12 c. IlpH nO,lI,THrHBaHHH
3apH,l1. Bblnp5IMJIHeTcH.
Bo BpeMH nycKa 3apH,l1.a JIHqHbIH COCTaB, pacno.TIO}KeHHbIH BHe YKPbI-
TH I, ,LLOJI)KeH HaXO,lI,HTbCH He 6JIH2Ke 100 :tvi OT MeCTa B3pbIBa 3apHJJ.a.
B cJIyqae OTKa3a ,l],BHraTeJIH rrpoH3BOllHTC5I rroBTopHwH nycK ooene
npoBepKH Ha,lI,e:lKHOCTH KOHTaKTa lllTeKepa co CBeqOH. I1pl1 rrycKe nH-
pOTeXHHqeCKHM crroc060M 3aMeHHeTC5I nycKoBoe YCTPOHCTBO Yfl-60 H
nycK TaK}Ke nOBTOp5IeTcH. IloJI.xOJI.HTb K oTKa3aBIIleMY 3ap5I,lI,y 1I.JI5I
nO,l1.rOTOBKH ero K nOBTopHOMY rrycKY Heo6xOllHMO He paHee HCTeqe-
HHH 15 M'HHYT nOCJIe nepBoro rrycKa.
3apH,lI" c06paHHbIH H He rrO,LLaHHbIH Ha MHHHoe nOJIe, nO,lI,JIe:iKHT
pa360pKe. Pa360pKa 3ap5IlI.a npOH3BO,LLHTC5I B nop51AKe, 06paTHOM nOA-
rOTOBKe K nYCKY.
3ap5I,Z:(, He B30pBaBlIlHHC5I rrOCJIe rrYCK3, pa36HpaTL 3anpel.I(aeTCSI,
OR YHHqTO}KaeTCH He paHee qeM qepe3 15 :tvlHHYT nOCJ1e nYCKa B3pbIBOM
HaKJIa;:U-IOro .3ap5I.D-3 BB, TIO.TIOllieHHOro Ha Ka6eJlb B 1 :vi 01' B3pbIBaTeJISI
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YCTpO ICTBO 3apH,[(a 3P-150 (pHC. 67) 11 npHHllHrr ,lI,eI1CTBH5I ero
CXO,lI,HbI C YCTpoHcTBoM H npHHIl.HrrOM ,lI,eHCTBH51 3apH,lI,a 3PO.
3apH,lJ, 3P-150 COCTOHT H3 .n.eToHHpYIOmero Ka6eJIH 5, peaKTHBHoro
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1leHHOll .lI.JIHllOll H HaJIHlIHeM HaKH.lI.HhIX r :K O:: T; OO:Il,= ro YBemI-
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crroco6 3arrYCKa H OTJIHlIaeTct C. HMeeT TOJIbKO 3JleKTpHlIeCKHH
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1 Ii 8 - KOJIIICii1J.KH; 2 H ...
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6JlOK; 7 - conna; 8 - c'Oe.n.HHHTeJIbHbIH TpOC; 9 - BTYJIKH; 10 - nopoxoBOH BocnJIaMe-
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T5DKH351 BTYJIKa; 6 H 9 - KOJInaQKH; 7 - KanCIOJIb-BOCTIJIaMeHHTellb; 8 - KanCIOJIb-D.eTO-
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B3pbIBaTeJIb B3P-150 (pRC. 70) - HaT5LtKHOro )J.eHCTBH5I, YCHJIHe
cpa6aTbIBaHHH B3pbIBaTeJI5I 60-100 Krc. OR COCTOIIT 1I3 Koprryca 4,
BbIT5LtKHOM BTYJIKH 5 C MeM6paHOM H lllTOKOM, YJI.apHHKa 3 C npY}KH-
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n03HIl.HIO. B O,l1.H9 M QeXJIe YKJIa,lJ.bIBaIOTC5I: ,l1.eTOHHpYIOIll.HH Ka 6eJIb,
TOpMo3Hoe YCTPOHCTBO, IlJIaTa nycKoBoro CTaHKa H cpaHepHa5I nOLLK.na,l1.-
Ka (Q6ma5I Macca ynaKoBKH 35 Kr). B ,l(PyroM QeXJIe YKJIa,l1.bIBaIOTC5I:
HanpaBJI5IIOIl(a5I C TeJIeCKOnHqeCKOH CTOHKOH H BJIOMeHHble B HarrpaB-
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BO; B KapMaHax qeXJIa YKJIa,l1.bIBaIOTC5I B3pbIBaTeJIb H aHKepbI (06ma5I
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npHcOe)l.lIHHTh nYCKOBoe YCTPOHCTBO.
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CKOBOH n031IIl.1I1I, nOKa3aHO Ha plICA 67.
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BblpOBH5ITb IIJIOma,l1.KY pa3MepoM 0,6 X 0,6 M;
BbIHYTb 1I3 1JeXJIa aHKepbI, B3pbIBaTeJIb H HanpaBJIHIOllI,YfO C ;J,BHra-
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BBeCTH HH:iKHHH KOHeIl. HanpaBJl5IlOmeH OCblO C JIbICKaMH B cpHrypHbIH
rra3 IIJIaTbI npH nOJIOlKeHHH HanpaBJI5IIOr.u.eH, 6.TIH3KOM [( BepTHKaJlb-
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,l(HHHTb TeJIeCKOrrH1JecKYIO CTOHKY C YlliKOM nJIaTbI C TIOMOr.u.blO lIlTHcpT3;
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HanpaBJI5IIOIlI.eH;
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IIJIaTY BOKpyr aHKep3.
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CH5ITb C 6YXTbI 6pe3eHToBbIH QeXOJl, BbIT.HHYTb 3a 6pe3eHToBoe Bbl-
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KOHen Bnepe,l1., YJIO:iKHB ero rrepe,l1. rrYCKOBbIM CTaHKOM;
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KpoMe Toro, YKJIOH nJIOIII.a,ll,KH ,lJ,OJI2KeH 6bITb O}J,HHaKOBbIM C YKJIO-
HOM MeCTHOCTH 01' nycKoBOH l103HIl.HH JIO MHHHoro 1l0,,15L
B !HMHHX Y JIOBH5IX nJIOma,l1.Ka 04HIll.aeTC5I 01' CHera. Me}KLLY rry-
CROBOH II03HIl.HeH H MHHHbIM rrO.TIeM ,LLOrrycKaeTC5I Ha.JlH1JHe He60JIblilOrO
ill
II
120
121
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BbIHYTb 06pbIBHOH IllHYP H COe'zIJ1HeHHble C HHM KOHll.bI TQPM03HOrO
IIlHypa;
rrO,lI.BeCTH C He60JIbIllHM HaT5I:lKeHHeM KOHell. TOpM03HOrO IllHypa,
HJ1.YW. H H K aHKCpy, rrO,lI. <PYT JI5Ip, rrpH.lKaB ero CPYT JI5IpOlVI;
npO,lI.eTb aHKep qepe3 YlllKO, COe)1.HH5IIOlIl.ee TOp1\103HOH H 06pbIBHOH
lllHypbI TOpM03Horo YCTpofrCTBa;
BBepHYTb aHKep B rpYHT C nOMOIIl.blO PYK05ITKH I1JIH B6HTb ero C
nO:\10lIl.blO HrvIeIOIIl.HXC5I n'O,ZI,pyqHbIX Cpe,lI.CTB;
pa3JIO.lKHTb Ha 3eMJIe KOHJJ.bI TOpM03Horo H 06pbIBHOH lllHYP, He ,lI.0-
nYCKaH HX rrepeXJIeCTbIBaHH5I;
npH)1.epMHBaH PYKOH YKJ1a,lI.KY IllHypa B CPYT.TIHpe, BbII-iYTb 113 Hero
Ka PTOHHYIO TPy6KY.
llJI5I COqJIeHeHH5I XBOCTOBoro KOHua ,LLeTOHHpYIOlIl.ero Ka6eJI5f C TOp-
l\103HbIM YCTPOHCTBOM He06xo)1.HMO:
.CBHHT!HTb 3alIl.HTHble rrJIaCTMaCCOBble KOJInaqKH co B3pbIBaTe.J15I H
:XBOCTOBOH BTYJIKH )1.eTOHHpYIOlIl.erO Ka6eJI5I;
HaBHHTHTb Ha B3pbIBaTeJIb HaKHllHYIO raHKY XBOCTOBOH BTYJIKH Ka-
6eJI5I )1.0 OTKa3a;
COe)1.HHHTb cepbry TOpM03Horo YCTpOHCTBa C BbIT5IMHbIM lIlTOKOM
B3pbIBaTeJI5I, 3aBHHTHB )1.0 OTKa3a 60JIT cepbrH.
,LLJI5I rrpHCOeJ1.HHeHH5I rrYCKOBoro YCTpOHCTBa He06xo,lI.HMO:
CBHHTHTb co B3pbIBaTeJI5I 11MB KPbIIlIKY C Y)1.apHbIM MexaHH3MOM;
paCT5IHYTb rrpoBolla rrycKoBoro YCTpoHcTBa Ha )1.JIHHY He MeHee 10M
(01' YKPbITH5I ,lI.O ,lI.BHraTeJI5I) ;
Ha,lI.eTb lllTeKep nycKoBoro YCTpOHcTBa Ha rOJIOBKY CBeqH ,lI.BHra-
Te.J15I;
HaBHHTHTb Ha Koprryc B3pbIBaTe.n5I 11MB KPbIIlIKY C Y,lI.apHbIM t1eXa-
HH3MOM.
nOJI.XO,lI.HTb K OTKa3aBlIleMY 3 a p H,lI.Y ,lI.JI5I nOJ1.rOTOBKH ero K rrOBTOp-
HOMY nYCKY Heo6xOAHMO He paHee qeM Qepe3 15 MHHYT rrOCJIe rrepBoro
,nYCKa.
3ap5I,lJ" He B30pBaBIllHHCH rrOCJIe rrYCKa, P a36Hp a Tb 3anpelll.aeTCSI,
OH YHHQTO'LKaeTC5I He paHee qeM qepe3 15 MHHYT rrOCJIe rrYCKa B3pbIBOM
HaK.na}-\Horo 3apH)1.a, nOJIO.lKeHHOrO Ha Ka6eJIb B 1 M OT B3pbIBaTeJI5I.
3..3.3. npaKTHQeCKMe 3apSlAbI pa3!\AHHMpOBaHMSI YM - 3pn
M Y" 3P-150
TIpaKTIHqeCKHe 3ap5I,lI.bI pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I Y11-3PTl H YI1-3P-150
npe)J.H33HaQaIOTC5I ,lI.JI5I o6yqeHH5I JIHqHOrO COCTaBa rrpo.aeJIbIBaHHIO rrpo-
XO,lJ.OB B rrpoTHBorrexoTHbIX l\1HHHbIX rrOJI5Ix.
OHM 01' JIHqaIOTC5I 01' 60eBbIX TeM, qTO ,lI.eTOHHpYIOlIl.HH Ka6eJIb H
B3pblBaTeJIb - YQe6HbIe H HMelOT HHepTHoe CHap5I}I(eHHe. OCTaJIbHbIe
3JIe'-teHTbI KOMrrJIeKTOB HMelOT TaKoe Me YCTPOMCTBO, KaK H Y 60eBbIX.
npaKTHqeCKHe KOMrrJIeKTbI paCCqHTaHbI Ha O,lI.HH rrYCK.
PeaKTHBHbIe ,lI.BHraTeJIH B npaKTHqeCKHX KOMllJIeKTaX HMelOT 60eBoe
CHapSI:lKeHHe. IlpH HCrrOJIb30BaHHH npaKTHqeCKHX 3ap5I,lI.OB Y11-3Prl
II YH-3P -150 C06JIIOl1.aIOTC5I Te )Ke Mep bI rrpe,lI.OCTOpOlKHOCTH, qTO If
"PH HCnOJIb30BaHl1l1 60eBbIX#
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TIYCK 3ap5I,ZI,a rrpOH3BO,lI.HTC5I C paCCT05IHH5I He MeHee 10M 01' CTaHKa
J3b lleprHBaHHeM qeKH H3 B3pbIBaTeJI5I 11MB.
f10cJIe na)1.eHH5I 3ap5I,lI.a Ha rpYHT BTOpOH HOMep paCqeTa BbI6eraeT
'K TOpM03HOMY lIlHYPY, 6epeT TOpM03HOM IllHYP Ha Y,lI.aJIeHHH 5-6 M 01'
aHKepa H ,lI.BI1MeHHeM Ha3a,lI. HaT5IrllBaeT ero TaK, qTo6bI, He BblrrYCKa51
lllHYP 113 PYK, JIeqb C3a,lI.H nYCKOBoro CTaHKa H npHMaTbC5I K 3eMJIe
(BpeM5I Ha YKa3aHHbIe Onepall.HH He ,lI.O.J1MHO npeBbIllIaTb 8 c). HaT5I-
rHBaHHeM rrpOH3BO,lI.HTC5I ,lI.OnOJIHHTeJIbHOe BbIrrp5IMJIeHHe 3ap5I,lI.a K MO-
MeHTY B3pbIBa.
5e30rracHwe paCCT05IHH5I BO BpeM5I rrYCKa 3ap5I,lI.a H ero B3p Ba
TaKHe Me, KaK H ,lI.JI5I 3ap5I,lI.a 3PO.
3ap5I,lI., rrO,lI.rOTOBJIeHHbIH K nYCKY, HO He rrO,lI.aHHbIH Ha MHHHoe no-
..ne, pa36HpaeTC5I B nOp5l,lI.Ke, 06paTHOM rrO,ZlrOTOBKe K rrYCKY.
B CJIyqae OTKa3a B cpa6aTbIBaHHH ,lI.BHraTeJI5I nOCJIe npOBepKH Ha-
JI,elKHOCTH KOHTaKTa lIlTeKepa C 3anaJIbHOH cBeqofr rrpOH3BO,lI.HTC5I TIOB-
TOp H bIM nYCK.
122
123
HOM MHHe 60eBOll BblcTyrr Y,ll,ep)KHBaeT y.aapHHK Ha 60eBOM B3BO,ll,e rroc-
JIe nepepe3aHM5I MeTaJIJI03JIeMeHTa.
y 3 P H hI H M e X a H H 3 M pa3Mern.eH B ropH30HTaJIhHOM KaH8JIe
Kopnyca. OH C06P3H B OT,ll,eJIhHbLH Y3eJI H HMeeT BpeMeHHOH: rrpe,LI.Oxpa-
HMTeJIb. YJI.apHbIH MexaHH3M COCTOHT H3 BTYJIKH 15, y,ll,apHHKa 18 C pe-
2
4. MMHbl-JlOBYlllKM
-
----- - - I, \' - - - --.--==-==:--- -
--------- ". ----
- - --
---- --- -- ---- -
--------------
l\\IIlIhI-JIOBYIIlKH - rrpoTHBorrexoTHble MHHbI, KOTopble cpa6aTbIB31OT
IIfHI B03,LI.eHCTBHH npoTHBHHKa Ha 3aMHHHpoBaHHbIH lIMlI 06neKT...
I n3'CT05II.IJ:eM pa3)1.eJIe orrHca'Ha MllHa -JIOBYIIl,Ka MC-.3..
4.1. MHHA-JIOBYlliKA MC-3
MHHa MC-3 npe,ll,Ha3HaqaeTC5I ,ll,JI5J YCT3HOBKH rrpoTHBOTaHKOBbIX
M 1111 B HeH3BJIeKaeMOe nOJIO)KeHHe H )XJI5I YCTpOHCTBa P33JIHQHOrO pO)1.a
.J1()B TllleK (ClOpnpH30B).
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,lIOLKeHlUI. ...
'Il'M IlCpaTypHbIl':'I ,lI,lIana30H rrpHMeHeHIUI
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pa3rpY30If-
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660 r'-
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110 MM:
65 MM
10
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+400 C
24 23 22 21 20 6
19 18 17 16 15 14
13
YCTpOHCTBO H TIpHH11.Hn JI-eH:CTBH5I
l\1I1Ha MC-3 (pHC. 74) COCTOHT H3 Koprryca, 3ap5I,IT,3 BB, crrycKoBoro,
II y IL3pHoro MexaHII3MOB, 3an3.J1a 1\1.J.I..-9 H rOJIOBKII IllTOKa.
K 0 p rr y C 16 MHHbI - rr.TI3CTM3CCOBbIH, HMeeT BHYTPH lLBa K2lHaJIa:
BCpTlIKaJIbHbIH H ropH30HTaJIbHbIH. CBepxy Koprryc 3aKpbIT rrJIaCTMaC-
COBb 1M lI1,HTKOM 1 H pe3HHoBoH KpbIIIlKOH 2, KOTOp35I 33KperrJIeHa Ha
Kopnyce MeTaJIJIHQeCKOH: JIeHTOH 7. Pe3HHOB85I KpbIIIlKa HMeeT B ll.eHT-
pc BblcTyrr.
3 a p 5I,IT, BB 3 - npecco'BaHH85I TpOTHJIOBa5I lIlalIlKa, 3aKpenJIeH B-
KOp nyce H a JI aKe.
C rr y C K 0 B-O if M e x a H H 3 M CMOHTHpOBaH B BepTHKaJIbHOM KaHa-
JIC Koprryca H COCTOHT H3 lIlT OK a 6, rrpY)KHHbI 19 M pa3pe3Horo KOJIb-
ILa 4. lllToK rrpY)KHHOI1 rrO,ll,H5IT BBepx, BepxHHI1 KOHeIl. lIlT OK a BXQJI,HT B
BbIcTyrr Ha KpbIIIlKe. B IIlTOKe HMeeTC5I OKHO C 60eBbIM BblcTyrroM 20.
B OKHO npOXO,ll,HT y,ll,apHHK rrpH cpa6aTHBaHHH MHH . B YCTaHoBneH-
124
PliC. 74. MlIHa-JIOBYIllKa MC-3:
a - 06ru;HI1 BH)J.; 6 - pa3pe3; I - llI.HTOK; 2 - KpbIIIIKa; 3-
3apH,II, BB; 4 - pa3pe3Hoe KOJIblI.O; 5 - rOJIOBKa IllTOKa; 6-
WTOK; 7 - MeTaJIJIHT.IeCKaH JIeHTa; 8 - KOJIrraT.IOK; 9 - Me-
TaJIoIl03JleMeHT )J.JIH JIeTHeH YCTaHoBKH; 10 - MeTaJIJI03JIe-
MeHT ,II,JIH 3HMHeH YCTaHoBKH; 11 - pe3aK; 12 - rrpe)J.oxpa-
HHTeJlbHaH T.IeKa; 13 - KOJIblI.O; 14 - rrpOKJIa,U,Ka; 15 - BTYJI-
Ka; 16 - Koprryc; 17 - 60eBaH rrPY->KHHa; 18 - Y,II,apHHK;
19 - rrpy:tKHHa IlITOKa; 20 - 6oeBoH BbIcTyrr; 21 - KarrCIOJIb-
.u.eTOHaTOp; 22 - rHoIlb3a; 23 - )1eTOHaTop - TeTpHJIOBaH
llIallIKa; 24 - rrpo6Ka
33I{OM 11 B BM,ll,e neTJIH H3 CTaJIbHOH CTPYHbI, 60eBOH: npY)KHHbI j 7, Me-
TaJIJI03JIeMeHTa 9 ,ll,JI5I YCTaHOBKH rrpH TeMrrepaTypax BbIlIle 0° C (Me-
TaJIJI03JIeMeHT N2 3), rrpe)1.0Xp aHHTeJIbHOH qeKH 12 C KOJIbll,OM 13, KOJI-
nallK3 8 c pe3HHOBOl1 rrpOK.na,ll,KOH: 14, repMeTH3HpYIOI.IJ:HX COe,ll,HHeHHe
YAapHoro MexaHH3Ma C KoprrYCOM MHHbl. B Topue KOJIrraQKa CHapY)K!1
c nOMOIQblO ll,eJIJIYJIOH,ll,HOrO KpY)KKa 3aKperrJIeH MeTaJIJI03JIeMeHT 10
)(JIH YCTaHOBKH rrpM TeMrrepaTypax HH)Ke 0° C (MeTaJIJI03JIeMeHT NQ 2).
BpeMH rrepepe3aHHH MeTaJIJI03JIeMeHTOB OT 5 MHHYT ,ll,O 15 II.
125
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B C06paHHOM Y,L1.apHOM MexaHH3Me 60eBa5I npY)KHHa C)K3Ta, U1TOK
Y,lJ,apHHKa npOXO,lJ,HT qepe3 BTYRKY H Y,L1.ep*HBaeTcH B He npenoxpa-
HMTeRbHoH qeKo . MeTaJIJI03ReMeHT nOMew.aeTC5I B na3Y BTYJIKI1 B neT-
JIe pe3aKa.
B MHHax, H3fOTOB.TIeHHbIX ,lJ,O 1965 r., pe3aK HMeeT APYDYIO KOHCT-
PYKIJ}IIO. OH BblnOJ1HeH B BH,L1.e OTpC3Ka cTaRbHoH CTPYHbI, 3aKpenJIeH-
Horu B \1eTaJ1.TIHQeCKOH paMKe Ha KOHl(e IIITOKa ytAapHHKa.
3 a II a JI M,[L-9 pa3Mew.aeTC5I B ropH30HTaJIbHOM KaHa.TIe Kopnyca
co CTOpOHbI, rrpoTHBOnORO)KHOH Y,lJ,apHoMY MexaHH3MY. 3anaR COCTOMT'
H3 nJIaCTMaCCOBOM rHJIb3bI 22, TeTpHRoBOH IIlalllKH 23 MaCCOM 6,5 f, BbI-
nORH5IIOw.eH pOJIb ,lJ,eTOHaTopa, H KanCIORH-,lJ,eTOHaTopa M-l 21, 3a--
KpenJIeHHOrO B rHe3,lJ,e IllaIIlKH Ha RaKe. 3anaR M,[L-9 npH YCTaHOBKe'
B MH -IY 3aKpenJ15IeTC5I B HeM npo6KoH 24 C pe3HHoBoH npOKJIa,QKoM..
r 0 JI 0 B K a III T 0 K a 5 - nRaCTMaCCOBbIl1 KOJInaQOK, HCnOJJb3yeTcH:
IIPII YCTaHoBKe MHHbI MC-3 C npoTHBoTaHKoBbIMH MHHaMH, HMeIOlll.I1MH'
HepoBHoe ,lJ,HO. Ka*,L1.bIe 20 MHH KOMnReKTYIOTC5I MeTa.TIJIHqeCKHM KPlOq-
KOM ,lJ,JI5I BW,lJ,eprHBaHH5I npe,lJ,OXpaHHTeRbHoH qeKH nOCRe YCTaHOBKff
rpY33 Ha MHHY.
TIp II YCTaHOBKe MHHbI MC-3 Ha Bee KRa,lJ,eTCH rpY3 (rrpOTHBOT3HKO-
Ba5I MHHa), no)]. ,lJ,eHCTBHeM KOToporo IllTOK orrYCKaeTC5I BHM3. [IocJIe
Y,lJ,aJIeHH5I npe,lJ,OXpaHHTeRbHOH qeKH pe3aK no,lJ, eHCTBHeM 60eBorr
IIPYMHHH nepepe3aeT MeTaRR03JIeMeHT H MHHa nepeXO,lJ,HT B 60eBoe'
rrOJIO)KeHHe - Y,lJ,apHHK yrrHp3eTC5I B 60eBOH BblcTyn lliTOKa.
DpH CH5ITHH C MHHbI rpY3a lllTOK rro,lJ, lJ,eHCTBHel\1 npY./KHHbI nOJ{HH-
MaeTC5I, 60eBOH BblcTyn BbIXO,lJ,HT H3 3aIl.enJIeHH5I C ynapHHKOM. Y ap--
HHK OCBo6o)K,lJ,aeTC5I, rro,lJ, )],eiicTHIIeM 60eBOH rrpY./KHHbI npOXO)J.HT B OKHO
IIITOKa H HaKaRbIBaeT KarrCIORb- ,lJ,eToHaTop 1\1.-1, KOTOpbIH B3pbIBaeTcH Ii
BbI3bIBaeT B3pbIB TeTpHJIOBOH lIlaillKH H 3ap5I,lJ,a BB. B c.JIyqae YCT3HOB-
KH MHHbI J\llC-3 rro,lJ, npoTHBoTaHKoBYIO MHI-IY ,lJ,eTOHaUHH nep e .a.aeTC5I
3ap5IJ1.Y npoTHBoTaHKoBoH MHHbl.
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YCTaHOBKa II 06e3Bpe)KIIBaHHe
MHHa lvlC-3 npHMeH5IeTCJI B KaqeCTBe 3JIeT\1eHTa HeH3BReKaeMOCTM
npH YCTaHOBKe npOTHBOTaHKOBbIX MHR, a TaKM'e ,lJ,Jl5I MHHHpOB3HHSJ
npe,lJ,MeToB BoeHHoro H 6bIToBoro o6HxoLLa, KOTOpbIMH Mo*eT BocnO.Tlb-
30BaTbC5I npOTHBHHK. 3TH npe,lJ,MeTbI HcnO.J1L3YIOTC5I B Ka qeCTBe rpY3a,
YCTaHaBJ1HBaeMoro Ha MHHY MC-3, H ,L1.0J1JKHbI HMeTb Maccy He Me-
Hee 5 Ki.
,LL.rI5I YCTaHoBKH MHHbI .ZV1C-3 (pHC. 75) Heo6xoJ1.HMO:
nO,lJ,rOTOBHTb RYHKY ,lJ,JI5f YCTaHOBKH MHHbI jVIC-3 (rrpn YCTaHOBKe
MHHbI MC-3 rro,lJ, npoTHBoT3HKOBYIO MHHY .IIYHKa oTpbIBaeTC5I Ha JI,He
RYHKH ,lJ,JI5I npoTHBoTaHKoBoH MHHbI) ;
OTBHHTHTb KORnaqOK Y,lJ,apHOrO MeX3HH3Ma H npoBepHTb HcnpaB-
HOCTb pe3aKa H HaRHqHe MeTanno3ReMeHTa; npH Heo6xo,lJ,MMOCTH 3a-
MeHHTb ero (MeTaRJI03ReMeHT n5I YCTaHOBKH rrpH TeMnepaTypax B -
Ille 0° C HMeeT KpacHYIO oKpacKY KOHIl.OB, MeTaJl.n03JIeMeHT .l(JIH YCTa-
HOBKH rrpH TeMnepaTypax HHMe 0° C HMeeT 6eJ1YIO oKpacKY KOHII.OB);
HaBHHTHTb KOJInaqOK;
126
It.
BbIBHHTHTb npo6KY, YCTaHOBHTb B MHHY 3anaR MLI. -9 H 3aBHIITI1Tb
npo6KY ,lJ,O OTKa3a;
YCTaHoBHTb MHHY MC-3 B JIYI-IKY TaK, qTo6bI BbIcTyn Ha KpbIlliKe
B03BblIIIaJIC5I Ha)J. ypOBHeM Bepxa J1YHKH;
npH Heo6xo,lJ,HMOCTH YCTaHoBHTb Ha BblcTyn KpbIIllKH rO,;10BKY
IIITOKa;
3aIl.enHTb KPIOqOK 3a KOJlbIl.O npeJJ.oxpaHHTeRbHoH qeKH;
1
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1
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1
B
PUc. 75. Y CTaHOBKa MHHbI- TIOBYillK}] MC-3:
. 6-
a - noJ.I, npOTHBOTaI-IKOBOH MHHOH npH YCTaHOBKe ee B nCH3BJIeKaeMOe nOJIO)KeHHe,
no,II, HIlI.lIKOM; 8 - MeLK)J.Y HIlI.HKaMH B llITa6eJIe; 1 - MHHa MC-,3; 2 - npOTHiBOTaHKOBa5l:
MHHa; 3 - 5:!.IlI.HKH
YCTaHOBHTb Ha MHHY MC-3 npOTHBOTaHKOBYIO MHHY (rpY3) TaK ,
qT06bI npOTHBOTaHKOBaJI MHHa (rPY3) Ha)KHMaJIa Ha rOJIOBKY IllTOKa
H.HH BblcTyn KpbIIllKH H 3aKpbIBa.Ha MHHY _\!1C-3;
Y,lJ,epMHBa5I npOTHBOTaHKOBYIO MHHY (rPY3) OT CMelll.eHHH ..:IeBOII
PYKOH, KPlOqKOM BbI,lJ,epHYTb rrpe,lJ,OXpaHHTe.JlbHYlO qeKY;
3aMaCKHpOBaTb MHHY MC-3 II npOTHBOTaHKOBYIO 1\1HI-IY.
I1pH MHHHpOBaHHH pa3JIHqHbIX rrpeJJ.Mf'TOB MHHa MC-3 YCTaHaBoJ1H-
BaeTC5I B rpYHT nO,lJ, npe,lJ,MeT HRH MO)KeT 3a./KHMaTbC5I Me}l(,lJ,Y rrpe,lJ,11e-
TaMH, HanpHMep Me*,lJ,Y Hw.HKaMH C BOeHHbIM HMYlll.eCTBOM (60enpH-
rraCaMH, rrpO,lJ,OBORbCTBHeM), YRO)KeHHbIMH B IllTa6€Rb.
MHHbI MC-3, YCTaHOB.TleHHble B T3JIbIH rpYHT nO,lJ, npOTHBOTaHKO-
Bble MHHbI H rrO,lJ, pa3.TIHqHble npe,lJ,MeTbI, rrpH 3aMep3aHHH rpYHTa MOrYT
CaMOnpOH3BORbHO Cpa6aTbIBaTb B pe3YRbTaTe nYQeHH5I rpYHTa, npHBO-
A5IIIlerO K CH5ITHIO HarpY3KH C MHHbl.
127 .-
I
I
I
MHHbI MC-3 06e3BpeLKHBaTb 3anpe aeTCSl. OHB YHyJIITO)KaIOTC5I Ha
MeCTe YCTaHOBKH B3pbIBaMH 3ap5l,lJ.OB BB HJIB CTaCKHBaHHeM YCTaHOB-
JIeHHOrO Ha HHX rpY3a KOlllKOH C BepeBKOH C 6e30rraCHOrO paCCT05lHH5I
(H3 YKPbITHH).
Y q e 6 H a 51 M H H a - JI 0 B Y III KaY -MC-3
Yqe6HaH l\lHHa-JIOBYIllKa Y-MC-3 B OTJIHqHe OT 6oeBoH cHapHfKeHa
BMeCTO BB HHepTHbIM BeIII.eCTBOM. B YQe6HOH l\lHHe ,Y-MC-3 rrpHMe-
H5IeTC5I YQe6HbIH 3arraJI Y-M,LL-9, KOTOpbIH TaKfKe HMee"f HHepTHoe
CHa p5l)KeHHe.
. :
I
I
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II
128
5. npI1JIHnAIOll.{I1E MHHbl
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C nycKoBoH qeKoii Ha Kopnyce B3pbIBaI'eJl5I 6bIJI 06paiLLeH B CTOPOHY
BblrrY-K.JIOH qaCTH MHHbI;
3aBHHI'HI'b pe3b60BYlO BI'Yti1JKY B OqKO 1iHHbI KJ1IOQOM 110 OTKa3a;
B CJ1YQae nepeHOCKH MHHbI Ha n05Ice npHcocLLHHHTb K MHHe n05ICHOH
peMeHb.
,[Lti1J5I YCTaHOBK'H MHHbI He06xoJJ-HMO:
BbI6paI'b Ha 06'beKTe MeCTO C pOBHOH nOBepXHOCTbIO;
06e3Bpe)KI1BaHHe
MHHbI C B3pbIBaTeJIeM B3,IT. -1.lV1, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIe Ha 3aMe,ll,JIeHHe .JJ-O
6 LI, 06e3BpeMHBaTb 3anpe aeTcSl. .lv1HHbI, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIe Ha 3aMe,QJIe-
HHe 60JIee 6 q, pa3pernaeTC5I 06e3BpeMHBaTb, eCJIH C MOMeHI'a HX
nYCKa rrpOlllti1JO He 60JIee 1/3 cpOKa 3aMe,ll,JIeHH5I.
Il.H5I 06e3Bpe./KHBaHHH MHHbI He06xo,ll,IHMO:
OCTOpOMHO BbIBHHTHTb Kti1JlOqOM BTYJIKY H H3BJIeqb B3pbIB3I'eJIb;
BbIBHHTHTb 3ana.T] .lV1,L:.L-5M H3 Kopnyca B3pbIBaTeJI5I:
CHHTb MHHY C MeCTa YCTaHOBKH.
06e3Bpe./KHBaHHe MHHbI CI1J\il, YCTaHOBJIeHHOH co B3pbIBa TeJleM
B3L(-201Vl, npOH3BO,ll,1ITC5I B COOTBeTCTBHH C I'pe60BaHI15Il\1H 06e3BpeMH-
BaHHfI B3pbIBaTe.JIH B3,L:.L -20M (CM. pa3,ll,. 1.1.5).
\
: I 1::1
5.3. BOJIblUA5I nPMJlMnAIOl.I.{A5I MHHA BnM
. I
YCTpOHCTBO H rrpHHILIln JJ-eHCTBH5I
..lV1HHa EIl.lV1 tPHC. 80) COCI'OHT H3 Kopnyca co crrycKoBbIM MexaHH3-
M01i, 3ap5IAa BB, MarHHI'OB, ,ll,BYX B3pbIBaI'eJleH B3,.Q -1M I1 B3pbIBaI'e-
JIH HeH3BJIeKaeMOCTH 3H C 3arraJIaMH MJL-5M. Ka)K,ll,a5I M'HHa KOMnJleK-
TyeTcH CT3ti1JbHOH KOJIbueBOH IIJIaCTHHOH, rr05ICHbIM Kpenti1JeHHeM H ra-
eqHbI11 Kti1JIOqOM (O,ll,HH Ha JJ-Be l\lHHbI) .
K 0 p n y C 2 MHHbI - ,ll,lOpaJllOl\1HHHeBbIH, CHap5ILKeH 3ap5IAoM BB
(cnJIaB Tf A) 4 C I'peM5I AonOJ1HHTeJIbHbIMH JJ-eToHaTOpal\lH 3 H3 npec-
COBaHHoro TpoTHJla. B Kopnyce 3aKpenJIeHbI TPH BTYti1JKiH C BHYTpeHHeH
pe3b60H )lJI5I BBHHLIHBaHH5I B3pbIBaI'eJIei1: B3,L:.L-1M 1 H B3pbIBaTeti1J5I I-Ie-
H3BJIeKaeMOCTH 3H 5. IlpH xpaHeHHH MHHbI BTYJ1KH 3aKpbITb! np06Ka-
MH. Ha BTYJIKaX ,ll,.JI5I B3pbIBaTeJIeH B3,l],-lM 3aKpenJIeHa pyqKa 16 ,lLJI5I
rrepeHocKH MHHbI. B IJ,eHTpe M'HHbI 3aKpenJleHa BTYti1JKa 8, B KOTOpOH
CMOHTHpoBaH cnycKoBoH l\leXaHH3M B3pbIBaTeti1J5I HeH3BJIeKaeMOCTH 3H.
CnvcKoBoH MexaHH3M COCTOHT H3 lUTOKa 11, npY./KHHbI 9,
rnaH6bI 13 H HaKH,LIJ-IOH ralIKH 10. CnycKoBoll MexaHH3M 3aKpbIT KpbIIlI-
KOll 14 C pe3HHOBbIM KO.nnaqKOM 12. KpbIIlIKa npHKpenJIeHa K AHY KOp-
nyca,. MHHbI BHHTarvlH. ,L:.LHo Kopnyca HMeeT KOJIblLeBOe yrJIy6ti1JeHHe, B
KOTOpOM C nOMoIUbIO KOti1JbIJ,a H BHHTOB 3aKpenJIeHbI 44 MarHHTa 6 H
15. 3a30pbI MeLKJI.Y MarHHTaMH 3aJI'HTbI ll,eMeHTOM.
134
. 135
BXO,n:HT pa3,l(BOeHHbIH KOHelL IlITOKa CnYCKOBOrO MeXaHH3Ma. B KOHl(e
Kopnyca HMeeTC5I BHYTpeHH5I5I pe3b6a ,lI,.TIH BBHHqHBaHH5I 3arraJIa
M,L:.L-5lVl 12. Pe3b60Ba5I BTYJIKa 5 CJIy:tKHT l(JI5I 3aKpenJIeHH5I B OqKe MH-
Hbi. BeHqnK BTYJIKH HMeeT rnecTHrpaHHYIO cpOPMY ,l(JI5I raeqHOrO KJIlOqa.
Y,l(apHbIH MexaHH3M COCTOHT H3 BTYJIKH 6, Y,lLapHHKa 9 c pe3aKoM 2
B BH,lLe neT.TIH H,3 CTaJIbHOH CTPYHbJ, BpeMeHHoro npe.II.oXpaHHTe.TIH 3--
MeTaJIJI09JIeMeHTa NQ 2 HJIH 3, 60eBoH npY:tKHHbI 10, qeKH 4 C KOJIb..
lI.OM. lIJI5I 06eCrreqeHHH rrpaBHJIbHOrO
rrO.;10)KeHHH B3pbIBaTeJI5I 9H ,rrpH YCTa-
HOB'Ke ero 'B M'HHY Ha ,BTYJIKe 6 HMe-
eTCH BblcTyrr 7, a y M:HHbI B OLIKe JI.TIH
B3pbIBaTeJI5I 3H - na3. 1\1.eTaJIJI09JIe-
MeHT YCTaHOBJIeH B rrpope3H BTYJIKH
no)], pe3aKoM. 4eKa, npoXOA5I qepe3
oTBepcTHH BO BTYJIKe H y,n:apHIIKe,
Y.Aep)KHBaeT y,lLa pH:HK Ha 60eBoM B3.B0-
Ile. )l.TI5I 3all HTbI pe3aKa H MeTaJIJIO-
9JIeMeHTa Ha BTYJI'KY HaBHHqeHa
K'pbIlliKa 1. I-Ia KpbIIll'Ke YKa3aH HOMep
YCTaHOBJIeH:Horo MeTaJIJI09JIeMeHTa.
B!peM5I rrpe,n:oxpaHeHH5I B3pblBaTe-
JI5I 3H 3aBHCH'T OT TeMnepaTypbI H HO-
Mepa MeTaJIJI09JIeMeHTa (CM. rrpHJIO-
:tKeHHe 7).
CTa bHaD Konb eBag nnaCTUHa 7
(pIiC. 80) CJIY)K'HT Jl.JI5I 3aMbIKaHH5I
MarHHTOB "B rrpolLecce xpaHeHH5I H
YMeHbllleHH5I BJI',H5IHII5I MarHHTOB Ha
KOM,rrac Bo,n:OJIa3a rrpH ,lJ,OCTaBKe MHHbI
Ha 06'beKT no,lL BOl(OH. OHa ]1MeeT ,lLBa
BwcTyrra C npOpe35IMH ,n:JI5I peMH5I H
HC.rrOJIb3yeTC5I JI,.TI5I KperrJIeHH5I M'HHbI
Ha I105Ice BOl(OJIa3a.
n05lCHOe KpenneHMe COCTOIIT 'lI3
KOJIbueBOH H KpyrJIOH CTaJIbHWX irrJIa-
CTHH, pe3HHOBOH npoK.TIaJI,KH 17 II no-
5ICHOrO peMHH 18 C Ka pa 6HHOl\1. Kpyr-
Jla5I TI.TIaCTHHa YCTaHaBJIHBaeTC5I Me:tK-
JI,y MarHlITaMH II KOJIb eBOH llJIaCTH-
HOM H rrpe,n:oxpaH5IeT pe3HHoBHH KO -
IIaQOK crrycKoBoro :vrexaHII3Ma OT
rrOBpe)KAeHHrl nplI CABlIre MHHbI ,C rio-
TICHOrO KperrJleHH51. Pe3I1HOBaH npo-
KJlaJLKa YCTanaBJIHBaeTC5I cBepxy Ha
KOJIbUeBYlO IIJlaCTlIHY II 3allLHllI.aeT
BO,lLOJla3a OT OCTpbIX Kporvl0K .ITJIaCTHH
Ii MarHlITOB. B Kpyr JIOH rIJIaCTIIHe II pe3'HHoBOH InpOKJIaJl.Ke TaK:tKe
ILVIelOTCH rrpope3H JI-JI5I peMHH. Ha peMHe IIMeeTCH Kapa6HH, C TIOMO-
, I
I
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ill
MHHa ErIM rrpH B3pbIBe 06pa3yeT rrp060HHY:
B CTaJIbHOM JIHCTe TO.TIIIl.HHOH 8-15 MM - Jl.0 1,4 M 2 ; TOJIIlJ,HHOH
45 MM - Jl.o 0,2 M 2 ;
B rro.II.Bo,lI,HOH qaCTH Koprryca cy,lIJla npH TOJIIII.HHe 06IIlliBKH 5-
7MM-Jl.02M 2 .
MHHa BrIM CHap5I./KaeTC5I ,lLBYMH B3pbIBaTeJI5IMH B3,[L-11\'1 (CM.
P a3)];. 5.2).
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PIIC. 80. EO.,1JblIla5I rrpHlIHrraIOI.l1.a5I MHHa BT1IVl:
a - OOIlUIH BH)I. C n05lCHbIM KpenJIeHHeM; 6 - pa3pe3 OKOHQaTeJIbHO cHap5l}KeHI-IOff
MMHbI; 1 - B3pbI23aTeJIH B3.11.-IM; 2 - Kopnyc; 3 - )I.OIIOJIHMTeJIbHbIH )I.eToHaTop;
4 - 3ap5l)I. BB; D - B3pbIBaTeJIb 3H; 6 M 15 - MarHHTbI; 7 - KOJlbI eBa51 IIJIaCTH-
Ha;., 8 - BTy,....IKa; 9 - npY.?KHHa; 10 - HaKH)I.Ha51 raMKa; 11 - llITOK; 12 - pe3HHo-
BblM KOJInatIOK; 13 - IIlalioa; 14 - KpbIIIlKa; 16 - pY-tIKa; 17 - pe3HHOBa5I npo-
K 1Ja)I.Ka; 18 - n05lcHoii peMeHb
B3pbIBal eJIb HeH3BJIeKaeMOCTH 3 H (plIC. 81) - rvlexaHHLIeCKHH, C
BpeMeHHbIM rrpe,lLoxpaHHTeJIeM (MeTaJIJI09JIeMeHTOlVl), 06ecneLIHBaeT
YCTaHOBKY MHHbI B Hell3BJIeKaeMOe nO.JIO:tKeHHe. OH COCTOHT H3 Koprry-
ca, pe3b60BOH BTYJIKH, Y,lLapHorO MexaHH3Ma, KpbIlIlKll H 3arraJla
M,L:.L-5M. Kopnyc 8 HMeeT BbIpe3bI 11, B KOTopbIe npH YCTaHOBKe MHHbI
136
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PIIC. 81. B3pbIBaTe.nb 31-1:
a - OOIII.HH BH)I.; 6 - pa3pe3; 1 - KpbIllI-
Ka; 2 - pe3aK; 3 - MeTaJIJI03J1elVIeHT; 4-
lIeKa; 5 - pe3booBaH BTYJIKa; 6 - BTYJI"
Ka; 7 - BblcTyn; 8 - Kopnyc; 9 - YJI.ap-
HHK; 10 - OOeBa5I nPY}KMHa; 11 - Bblpe-
3bl JI.JI5I IIlTOKa cnYC'KoBoro :r-,'IeX3HH3Ma;
12 - 33rr3JI M,lJ,-5M
137
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bIO KOTOpOrO M'UHa 3a pyqKY K:perrHTC5I OrrOJIHHTeJIbHO K rr05ICHOMY
peMHIO.
faelJHbIH KJllOlJ CJIY2KHT JI5I BBHHqHBaHH5I B3pbIBaTeJIeH B MHHY.
fIpHHUHrr ,lJ,eHCTBH5I MHHbI BrIM co B3pbIBaTeJIeM B3,[{-IM aHatTJ:O-
rHqeH npHHIJ,Hrry ,l.{eHCTBH5I M\HHbI CDM (CM. pa3,lI,. 5.2).
B CtTJ:yqae YCTaHOBKH MHHbI co B3pbIBaTeJIeM HeH3BJIeKaeMOCTH 3I-I
lI3 Hero BbI,l.{eprHBaeTC5I qeKa. Pe3aK no,lJ, ,l.{eHCTBHeM 60eBOH rrpY)KHHbI
rrepepe3aeT MeTaJIJI03tTJ:eMeHT. YAapHHK no OKOH aHHH rrepepe3aHM5I
MeTa.ilJ103tTJ:eMeHTa YUHpaeTC5I B lIlTOK cnYCKOBoro MexaHH3Ma, KOTOpbIH
BXO)IJIT B Bblpe3bI Kopnyca B3pbIBaTeJIH 3H rrpH YCTaHOBKe MHHbI.
rI pH norrbITKe CH5ITb MHHY C MeCTa YCTaHOBKH rrOCJIe rrepepe33 HII5I
MeTaJIJ103JIeMeHT3 IllTOK rro,l.{ ,lJ,eHCTBHeM rrpY./KHHbI BbIXO)IlIT 113 BbIpe30B
B Kopnyce B3pbIBaTeJIH H OCB0602K,l.{aeT Y,lJ,apHIIK. Y apHIIK HaKaJIbIBaeT
3arrata IV1,IL-5M, KOTOpbIH, B3pbIBa5ICb, BbI3bIBaeT B3pbIB 3ap5l,lJ,a BB
MIIHbI.
MHHa EIl/VI, YCTaHOBJIeHHa5I 6e3 B3pbIBaTeJI5I HeH3BJICKaeMOCTH
3H, 06e3Bpe2KHBaeTC5I TaK ./Ke, KaK IH MHHa CIlM.
.4. Y)]}IMHEHHASI nPMJlMnAIOll.{A5I MMHA ynM
T C T P 0 H C T B 0, n p 11 H 11. H n A e H C T B H 51,
)cTaHoBKa H 06e3Bpe./KHBaHHe
j\'1HHa Yfljvl (pHC. 82) COCTOlIT H3 Kopnyca co crrycKoBbIM Mexa-
HH3MOJVl, 3ap5I,ll,a BB. MarHI1TOB, rreHOrrJI3CTOBOH HaKtTla,lJ,KH, J.(BYX B3,.-PbI-
BaTeJIeH B31l-11Vl Htl1H B3,l:L -201\1. n B3pbIBaTeJ15I HeH3BtTleKael\10CTH 2:) H.
Ka.IKJ a5I l\'I Ha KOMnJleKTyeTcH rrtTlacTHHoH ,lJ,tTI5I 3aMbIKaHH5I MarHHTOB,
nOHCHhIIV1 Kpent:leHHeM, cKpe6KOM )1)151 oqHCTKH nOBepXHOCTH Ha MeCTe
YCTaHOBKH MHHbI H raeqHbIM KtTIIOqOM.
4
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(f1 0 )J. rOT 0 B K a H Y C T a HOB K a
TIpII nO,lJ,rOTOBKe K YCTaHOBKe MHHa BTIM CHap5l2KaeTC5I B3pbIB3Te-
JIHMH B3,[{-IM H 3H.
CHapH./KeHHe MHHbI B3pbIBaTeJIHMH B3J:L-IM npOH3BO,lJ,HTC5I TaK ./Ke,
KaK II CHap5l./KeHIIe MHHbI CrIM.
L("rJ5I CHap5I./KeHH5I MHHbI B3pbIBaTeJIeM HeH3BJleKaeMOCTH 3I-1 He-
06XOJI,HlVI0:
BBHHT'HTb B Koprryc B3pbIBaTeJIH 3anaJI M,I:L-5lv1.;
BbIBHHTHB npo6KY, BCTaBHTb B3pbIBaTev1b 9H B MHHY TaK, qT06bI
BblcTyn Ha B3pbIBaTeJIe BOllIeJI B na3 B OqKe ,lJ,JIH B3pbIBaTeJI5I;
3aKpenHTb B3pbIBaTetTlb 3H B MHHe BBHHqHBaHHeM BTYJIKH KtJ1IOqOM;
B C.llyqae noctTJ:e,lJ,YIOllJ,eH )IOCTaBKH MHHbI Ha rr05Ice CH5ITb C MHHbI
KOJIb eBYIO rrJIaCTHHY H YCTaHoBHTb Ha Hee n05ICHOe KpenJIeHHe, JI,JI5I qe-
ro YCTaHOBHTb Ha MarHHTbI MHHbI CHaqaJIa KpyrJIy.'IO nJIaCTHHY, 3aTeM
KO.TIbueBYIO ntTJ:acTHHY H pe3HHoBYIO rrpOKtTla,lJ,KY, COBMeCTHB npope3H.
rrpOJLeTb B HHX nOHCHOH peMeHb H 3a enHTb Kapa6HH 3a PY4KY l\lHHbI.
LLocTaBKa MHHbI no,lJ, BOJI,011 H YCTaHOBKa ee rrpOH3BO.II.5ITC5I Ha r JIY-
6HHe He 6otTJ:ee 3 M. Ha Koprryce cYJI,i--Ia MHHa YCTaHaBJIHBaeTC5I Ha rJ1Y-
6HHe He MeHee 0,5 M. B CJ1yqae CHJ1bHOrO 3arp5I3HeHH5I nOBepxHocTH
06'beKTa Ha MeCTe YCTaHOBKH MHHbI Tpe6yeTC5I OqHCTKa rroBepxHocTH.
,LLtJ15I YCTaHOBKH MHHbI HeOOXO,l(IIMO:
BbI6paTb Ha 06'beKTe MeCTO C p8BHOrI nODepXHOCTb!O;
npH He06xoJI,HrvlocTiH OLJHCTHTb rroBepxHOCTb HOLKOM;
rrYTeM CJI,BHra OT,lXe.TIHTb MHHY OT CTaJlbHOH n,n:aCTHHbI II yCTaHoBHTb
ee Ha 06'beKT (J(J151 60tTJ:ee nJIOTHOro npHJleraHH5I MarHHTOB K CTatJ1bHOH
rroBepxHocTH MI1HY CtTJ:e.lLyeT npI1TepeTb) ;
OTuerrHTh Kapa6HH rrOHCHoro KperrJIeHH5I OT PY4KH MHHW;
npU;rep./KHBa5I l\lHHY PYKOH, BbIJ-LepHYTb qeKH CHaqaJIa H3 B3pbIBaTe-
tiTI e H B 3 .l1. -1 M, a 3 a Te 1\1 H 3 B 3 P bI BaT etTI 51 :3 H.
MHHY ETIlVi, YCTaHOBJIeHHYIO co B3pbIBaTeJleM HeH3BJ1eKaeMOCTH
:3H, o6e3Bpe./KHBaTb 3arrpe aeTC5I.
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PIiC.. 82. Y )J}IHHeHHaH IIpHJ1HrraIOll aH MHHa YOM:
1 --- B3pbIBaTe:1H B3,I:L-IM; 2 - B3pbIBaTeJIb HeH B 1JeK eMOcTH 3r:;. - Kopny
MHHbI C sap5I}J.o:\1 BB H MarHHTaMH; 4 - neHorr.rraCTOBa5I HaKJI ,U,Ka, ,'] - pyqKa:
6 - MeTa.:l 1JIP-IeCKHe JIeHTbI C 3aMKa MH, Kperr5IIIl.He HaKJIa,U,KY. 7 .--- TIJIaCTHHa,
8 - Kapa6HHbI
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1; 1 ,1 1
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II
Kopnyc 1 (pEC. 83) - MeTaJ1J1HQeCKHi:I, CHapH./KeH 3ap5l,lJ,OM BB 2
(MOpCK35I CMeCb MC). B OJI,HOM IH3 TOp OB Kopnyca 3aKpenJIeHbI TPH
CTaKaHa 17 C ,lLorrOJIHHTetJIbHbIMH ,lXeTOHaTopaMH 10. HapY)KHble qaCTuH
CTaKaHOB Hl\1elOT BHYTpeHHlOlO pe3b6y ,lXtTIH BBHHqHBaHHH B3pbIBaTeJIeH.
B Kpai!HHe CTaKaHbI BBHHqHBaIOTC5I B3pbIBaTetTIH B3)l-I]VI 19 HJIH
B3,LL-20ivl\ a B cpe.lX HHH - B3pbIBaTetJTIb HeH3BtTJ:eKaeMOCTH 3H 18. npH
xpaHeHIHl lVIHHbI B CT2KaHbI BBHHqeHbI np06KIL K cpelIHeMY cTaKaHY
rrpHKpcrr.1cHa BTY!JKa 11 co crrycKoBbIM MexaHH3Mo B3pbIBaTeJI .3H.
CrrycKoBoii l\1eXa HH3M COCTOIIT H3 llITOKa 13, rrpY./KHHbI 12, wah6bI II
HaKIIJ{l-IOli raHKH j 5 H 3aKpbIT pe3HHoBblIv1 KOtJTlnaQKOM 14.
I-Ia BTOpOI\1 TOpLlC Koprryca HMeIOTCH 3aJ1HBOqHo,...,e OqKO H pyqKa 6
)I.JIH nepeHocKH MHHbI. B ,ll,BYX np0,lJ,OJIbHbIX )KeJlooax Koprryca C no-
MOIll.bI-O HaK.n3lI,OK 11 BHHTOB 3aKpenJIeHbI BOCCMb MarHI1TOB 7. C npo-
THBonn.l0)KHoit CTOpOHbI Ha Koprryce MHHbI C nOMOlll.bIO MeTaJI,TIHqeCKliX
JIeHT 5 C 3aMKaMH 4 3aKperrJleHa neHOnJlaCTOBaH HaKtTla,lJ,Ka 3, KOTopaH
YMeHbHlaeT OTpr[ aTeJIbHYlo nJIaByqeCTb M'HHbI.
138
139
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MIiHa YflM rrpM B3pbIBe 06pa3yeT np06011HY:
B 6pOHeBOM JIIiCTe TOJIlll.IIHO:H 80 MM - JI-O 0,3 M 2 ;
B rrOJI.BOJI-HOH qaCTIi Koprryca 'cY,lI,Ha rrpM TO IIlIHHe 06111HBKH 5-
7 MM - JI.O 5 M 2 .
MIiHa Ylllv1 CH3p5I)KaeTC5I ,l1.,BYM5I B3pbIBaTe 15IMIi B3lL -llv1 llJIH
B3L{-20.l\1 (CM. pa3,l1.. 5.2) If B3pbIBaTeJIeM HCH3B,neKaeMOCTH 3H
(CM. pa3,l1.. 5.3).
Ilo,aroToBKa, YCTaHoBKa H 06e3BpeMIIBaHHe l\I11HbI YI1M co B3pbI-
BaTeJIelVl B3,L:L -201\11 npoH3Bo,l1.5ITC5I B COOTBeTCTBHH C npaBHtTlaMH YCTa-
HOBKH II 06e3BpeMHBaHH5I B3pbIBaTetTI5I B3,lJ, -20M (CM. pa3,II. 1.1.5 H
5.2) .
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Y-6nM II y-ynM
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YQe6Hble rrpHtTIlirralOIll.He MIIHbI OTJ111QalOTC5I 01' 60eBbIX Tel\l, 41'0 OHM
CHap5IlKeHbI BMeCTO BB MHepTHbIM BemeCTBOM. Yqe6Hble MHHb] n I1-
MeH5IIOTC5I ,l1)151 06VQeHM5I JIllqHOro COCTaBa C YQe6HbIMII B3pbIBaTeJIH-
MH, CHap5LiKeHHbIMiI yqe6HbIMII 3anatTlaMH.
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ro npetI-OXpaHHTeJ15I).
TIpe)l,OXpaHHTeJ1hHoe YCTPOlICTBO
COCTOHT H3 Kopnyca 7, lIlTOKa 5 C
KOHTaKTHoH wa:ti60l1 3, npY)KHHbI 4,
1Il.TIJ1HHTa 6, caxapHoro npe.tI-OXpaHHTe-
J151 - 'caxa pHOH I1l3WKH 8 C oTBepcTII-
elVI, rallKH 9 II KpbIWKH 10 C oTBepcTH-
5IYlH )J.J15I tI-OcTyna BO)l,bI, iIIpej{oxpaHH-
Te.JlbHoll LIeKH /1 C KOJIhl OM H 3aLlI.HT-
Horo pe3HHoBoro KO.nna4Ka 12. Ha
KphIllIKe H HH)KHeM KOHl1,e lllTOK3 Hrv1e-
IOTC51 pHCKH, npn COBMelll,eHH11 KOTO-
pbIX COBMeIllaIOTC5I oTBepCTH5I JI.vl5I
n pe)J.oxp aHHTeJIhHOH qeKH.
flpe)l,oxpaHHTe.TIhHoe YCTPOHCTBO
BBlIH4eHO EO BTYJIKY 1, 3aKpenJ1eH-
HYK) B lJ,eHTpe BepxHei% qaCTH Ka:vrepbI.
Bo BTYJIKe H 1elOTC5I JI.Ba KOHTaKTa 2,
KOTophIe 3aMhIKaJOTC5I KOHTaKTHoii
l11a116011 rrOCJIe pacTBopeHHH caxapHo-
ro npe)J,oxpaHHTeJ151. KaH:jI,a5I MHHa
K 0 T II JI e KT yeT C 51 )1, B Y M 51 C a x a p H hI M H
npe oxpaHHTe HMn B rr aCT aCCOBoH
Kop,:)6Ke:
NQ 1 - B o6epTKe 6eJIoro nBeT3,
npHMeH eTC5I npH TeMnepaType BO,lJ.@
+ 10° C: 11 Bblille:
J\1"2 2 - B 06epTKe CHHero ll.BeTa,
npMMeH5IeTC51 npM TeMnepaType BO)J.W
01' 0 ,lJ. 0 + 1 0° C.
Bpe1\15I npe)l,OXpaHeHH5I 3aBHCHT 01'
Te]\:l!rrepaTyphI BOtI-hI 11 HaXOJIJITC51 B
rrpe,)l,eJ1ax 5-40 MHHYT.
:3 J1 e 1\1 e H THe 0 6 e 3 B P e }K H- PHC. 87. [Jpel1.0XpaHHTe.nbHoe YCT-
B a e M 0 C T H (pHC. 85) COCTOHT 113 !10lICTBO MHHbI CPM:
rrO,lJ.rrPY)KHHeHHOlI KHOI1'KII 16 'C KOH-
TaKTHoH lIlali60li 18 H )J;BYX KOHTaK-
TOB, COe)l,HHeHHhIX C 3.ncKTpoB3phIB-
Holi l errhlO MHHhI. TI pH 3aKphITOI1: Ka-
Mepe KphIlilKa 8 Ha)K:JL\1aeT H3 KHOITKY
H )l,ep)KHT 3J1eKTpoB3PhIBHYro uenh pa30l\lKHYTOlI.
C a M 0 JI II K B H ,lJ. a TOp CJIYLKHT ,lJ.JI5I YHH4TOLKeHH51 MHHhI qepe2
3a paHee YCTaHOBJIeHHOe BpeM5I 3al\tle,lJ.JIeHH5I, eCJIH 33 3TO BpeM5I l\1IIHa:
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7{
L..
1 - BTy.nKa; 2 - KOHTaKThI; 3 - KOHTaKT-
H3H lllaHOa; 4 - npY:>KHHa; 5 - IlITOK;"
6 -- lllTIJIHHT; 7 - KOpnyc; 8 - caxapHaH
rn31llK3; 9 - raHKa; 10 - KpblllIKa; 11-.
npe;J,oxp3HliTeJIhHaH IIeKa; 12 - pe3HHo-
BhIH KOJIifiaG:OK
10*
147
'He cpa60TaJla rrpH BCTpeqe C KaKOM-JIH60 nperpa.rr.OH (MOCTOM, cy,n:HOlVI
H T. n.). B KaqeCTBe Cal\IOJIHKBH,l1-aTOpa HcnOJ1b3yeTcH MexaHH3M qaCO-
Boro B3pbIBaTeJ15I 3aMe,n:JIeHHOrO ,n:eHCTBHH l.JlVIB-16 (CM. KHHrv rrep-
BY'IO, pa3,n:. 2.7.1). MexaHH3M YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH B KaMepy B rHe3Jto Ha
naHeJ1H, 33KpbIBaeMoe KpbIIllKOH 20. B rHe3,I(e HMelOTCH )LBa KOHTaKTa
. .'
.KoTopble 3aMbIKaIOTCH y,n;apHHKOl\1 83pbIBaTe.TIH l{J\1B-16 rrpH era cpa-
()aTbIB3.HHH. fIpH OTCYTCTBHH caMoJ1HKBH,n:aTopa (rrpH xpaHeHHH MHHbI)
B fHe3,n:o B.TIOfKeH MaKeT B3pbIBaTe.TLH 4MB-16, Macca KOToporo paBHa
:vlacce MexaHH3Ma B3pbIBa.,Te.TIH 4}V\B-16, QTO o6eCneQHBaeT O,I(HHaKO-
nyJO 11.naByqeCTb MHHbI B c..TJ:yqae npHIvreHeHHH ee 6e3 CaMOJIHKBH,lLa..
Topa.
IcToqHHK TOKa 13-6aTape5I 6,15 f1lvlLL- 1-48q (C5C-Y-6)
pa3Me aeTcH B KaMepe Koprryca lVIHEbI H Y,I(ep:tKHBae1'CH B KOLKyxe 3a-
H e.TIKOH. 5aTape5I HMeeT HanpHMeHHe 6,15 B, CpOK coxpaHHocTH 6a1'a...
pcn 12 MeCHI eB.
:3 JI e K T P 0 3 a rr a J1 b Hoe Y C T P 0 t'I C T B 0 33Y COC1'OHT H3 3JleK1'-
pOBocrrJ1aMeHHTeJ1H HX -10-1,5, 3aKvlIOqeHHOro B n,]I aC1'MaccoBYIO BTyn-
KY II npHcoe,n:HHeHHoro ,I(BY1\1H npoBo,lI,aMH K BH.;lKe 11. f1pII cHapRLKe-
HHH MHHbI BHJIKa YC1'aHaB.TIHBaeTC5! B fHe3JLa «3» II «4» Ha rraHe.;IH.
B1'YJIKa C 3JIeKTpOBocrrnaMeHHTeneM BCTaB HeTCH B )1.YJIb e KarrCIOnH-
..n:eToHaTopa J\J'Q 8-A, KOTOpblii YCTaHaBvTIHBaeTCH B 3arraJ1bHoe rHe3)1.Q
u.eHTpaJIbHOrO JI,orrO.HHHTe.HbHoro JI,e1'oHaTopa.
B 3 P bI BaT e J1 b Bll..i\1Il 06eCrreqHBaeT B3pbIB MHHbI OT B03,I(et'rCT-
BH.H B3pbIBa coce,n:HeH 1\1HHbI Ha p aCC1'05IHHH ):LO 15 1V1. TI pHMeHeHHe
MHH CPM co B3pbIBaTe.TIHMM BI1.i\1TI rrpOH3BOlIHTC5I ITO crre Ha.HbHoMY
.npRKa3Y.
MHH Y rH pOTeXHHqeCKOro coopy*eHllH B pe3ynbTa1'e B3pWBa OAHOA
tI3 MHH OT cpa6a1'bIBaHHH 3aMbIKaTev1J5I H.TIll qaCOBOro B3pbIBa1'eJ15I rrpo
lICXO)JJIT B3pbIB Bcex 1\1HH, II lVI elOIllJf X B3pbIBa1'eJ1H \BTIlvlfl.
TIpHH HII ;x.eI1cTBH5I
f10,nrOTOBKa K rrpllMeHeHHIO
,QJI5I rro,n;r01'OBKH K rrpHMeHeHHlO He06xo,n:HMO:
nOCTaBHTb l\1HHY rron.naBKOM BHH3 Ha TBepJLbIH rpYH1' I1J1H HIl1.HK II
y6e HTbCH, LITO 60KOBbIe 3aMbIKa1'eJIH He 1130rHYTbI II MHHa C1'OHT
YCTOHqHBO;
CH5ITb C rrpe)1.0 x paHHTeJIbHOrO YCTpOHC1'Ba pe311HOBbIH KOJInalJOK,
H3BJ1eLIb npe,n:oxpaHII1'eJIbHYIO qeKY, CBHH1'II1'b KPbIlilKY H raHKY;
YCTaHOBHTb caxapHYIO lIlalilKY N2 1 npH TeMnepaType BO,n:bI + 10° C
H bln:e HJIll N2 2 iIPH TeMrrepa1'ype BOJ(bI ,[(0 + 10° C, rrO,lI.LKa1'b IllalliKY
raHKOH II H3BHHTHTb KPbIlIlKY, COBlVIeCTMB pHCKH Ha KpbIlliKe H KOHI..(e
IllTOKa;
BC1'aBHTb rrpel(OXpaHHTE\lbHYlO qeKY II 3aKperrHTb ee KO.TlblI,Ol\I;
BpalI(aH BOpOTOK, OTBnHTI1Tb rai1KY II 3a Konb a BbIHY1'b KPLIIIlKY
Kal\1epbI;
YJI,aJIHTb lIlIIJIHHT II, rrpoBepHB B03MOLKHOCTb YJI,aJ1eHH5I rrpe.II.oxpa '
HHTeJlbHoM qeKH, BHOBb 3aKperrHTb ee KO.IIblI,OM;
H a,lI. e Tb p e3 H HOB bI i1 K 0,,1 II a q 0 K;
H3BJleqb H3 CPYT.TI5Ipa MeXaHH3I\1 B3pbIBaTe.J15I 41\11B-16 (eCJIH OH
YCTaHaBJIHBaeTC5I B MHHY), nO)1.rOTOBHTb H YCTaHOBHTb era Ha 3a)1.aH-
Hoe BpeM5I 3aMe,n:J1eHHH (CM. KHHry rrepBYlO, pa3.11.. 2.7.1) ;
OTBHHTHTb KPbIIliKY c rHe3lLa Ha rraHe.1H, YCTaHoBHTb MexaHH3M
4.Li\;lB-16 B rHe3lLo II 3aBHHTHTb KPbIlIlKY;
npoBepHTb npHfo,JJIOC1'b 6aTapeH no CPOKY fOJl.HOCTH, 3aqUCTIITb
KOBUbI rrpoBOJI,OB 6aTapeH Ha JIIIHe 15 Ml\1, YCTaHOBHTb 6aTapelO B KO
)KYX nOJL 3aIILeJ1KY H nO,lI.KJlIOqHTb rrpOBO,I(a 6a1'apeH K 3a)KHMaM, 060-
3HaqeHHbIl\1 LIHcppa 1l1 «1» 11 «2» Ha rraHeJ1H;
nO,lJ,KJ1IOqHTb oJ\I:\;IeTp Ivl-57 K 3a:tKHMY «1» II fHe3,lI.Y «4» Ha rraHeJIH)
rrpH 9TOl\tl CTpeJIKa JLO"T/KHa OTK.TIOHHTbC5I K HY,,11O, HaLKaTb Ha KHonKY
3JIeMeHTa HE:06e3Bpe)KHBael\IOCTII, npH 3T011 cTpeJ1Ka oMMeTpa )I,on)K-'
Ha rrOKa3aTb (Z) (6ecKoHeLIHoc1'b);
YLLep)KHBa5I KHOTIKY B Ha}KaTOM nOJ10LKeHHH, rrOOqepe,lI,Ho H30rHYTh.
6oKoBble 3aMbIKaTe.1H, npH H3rH6e Ka}K,Joro 3aIVlbIKa1'e.TI5I cTpenKa-
,lI,OJI:tKHa OTK.IIOH5ITbC5I K HY.;11O, a rrpH oCBo6olli,ILeHHII rrOKa3bIBaTb 00;
nO,ll,KnIOqH1'b O:VIl\!reTp I{ 3afKHMY «2» H rHe3,U,Y «3» Ha IIaHeJIn Ii
y6e,n:HTbcH, qTO 3"leKTpHqeCKaH errb pa30MKHYTa (cTpenKa ,l1,OJ1.iKHa
rrOKa3aTb (Z));
BC1'aBH1'b B fHe3,J,a «3>-'> II «4» BHJIKY 9.;IeK1'p03arravTIbHOrO YC1'POHCT--
Ba 33Y;
BCTaBHTb BTy.,lKY C 3JIeKTpOBOCTIliaMeHHTe.n:eM B ,n:YJ1bue rHJIb3bI
KarrClOJIH-,I(e1'oHa1'opa J\J2 8-i\.. H 331'eM BCTaBI1Tb KarrCIOJIb-.n..eToHaTop B
3arr3,,1JbHOe rHe3,ll,0 .rrOIIO"TJHHTe.TIbHOrO ,L(eTOHaTopa;
y6e,lI.HBIlIHcb B npaBHJlhHOM nOvl0)KeHHI1 pe3HHoBoH rrpoK.na,ll,KH, 3a-
KpbI1'h K3Mepy KpbIWKOi:i II TIO,IT)KaTb KPbIWKY 3aBHHI-IHBaHHeM rai1KH .l1-0'
OTKa3a 3a BOp01'OK;
TIepe,n: rrorpY2KeHHeM l\!HHbI B BO)1.Y CHHMaeTCH pe3HHoBbIH KO.nna-
'lJOK If u Y)IaJIHeTC5I rrpe,ll,oxpaHH1'et!lbHaH qeKa 113 rrpe,lLOxpaHHTeJ1bHoro
.YC1'pOHCTBa. f1oCJ1e rrorpY2KeHHH MHHbI B BO,ll,Y BOJI,a qepe3 OTBepCTH5I
B pbIIllKe rrpOHIIKae1' K caxapHOI1 IllaIllKe H paCTBopHeT ee. lll1'OK IIO
,neHC1'BHeM rrpY)KHHbI KOHTaKTHOH lIlaH60H 3aMbIKaeT KOH1'aKTbI 3J1eKT-
pOB3phIBHOH errH II MHHa CTaHOBHTCH B 60eBoe rrOv1JOLKeHHe. TIpH BCTpe-
'qe MHHbI C rrperpa,ll,OH (MOCTOM, CY)1.HOM II 1'. II.) rrpOHCxO,ll,HT H3rH6
'O,lI.Horo 113 60KOBbIX 3aMbIKa Te.neH liv1M HaK.TIOH IllTaHrH eHTpa.J1bHOrO
.3aMbIKa1'eJ15I, B pe3YJIb1'a1'e qero 3aMbIKaeTCH 3J1eKTpOB3pbIBHa5I QeIIb
(pRC. 86, c) If rrpOHCXO,ll,HT B3pbIB MHHbI. 3alVlbIKaHHe 3.neKTpoB3pbIBHOH
n.erUI MOLKeT TaKLKe rrpoH30HTH rrpH cpa6aTbIBaHHH qaCOBOro B3pbIBa-
TeJI5I no HCTeqeHHH YCTaHoBv1eHHoro BpeMeHM 3aMe,ll,v1JeHH51 IIJ1H rrpH
'OTKpbIBaHIIH KpbIIllKH Kal\IepbI B pe3YJ1b1'aTe 3aMbIKaHHH KOHTaKTOB
'9JI:MeHTa He06e3BpeLKIiBacMoc1'M rrpM oCBo60LK,ll,eHHH no,n:rrpY2KHHeH-
HOH KHOIIKII.
TIpH pa3pYlIleHHH rHJI,pOTeXHHqeCKHX cooPYLKeHIIH MHHbI CHap5I2Ka-
I01'C5I B3pbIBaTeJ1HMH BTIlVlll rraCCHBHOH rro,ll,JIe,ll,HoH MHHbI H crrJIaBJ1H-
iJ01'C5I K coopYLKeHHlO rpyrrnal\1H. B 3TOM cJIyqae npH HaKanJIHBaHHH
148
149'
HOH, KanCIOJUI-BOCTIJIaMeHHTeJI5I 7, BTYJIKH C nHpOTeXHHqeCKHM 3aMe,l{-
JIHTeJIeM 2 Ha 12-16 C, ,lJ,eToHaTopa 1 (TeTpHJIOBOH llIallIKH MaCCOH
9 r) H KanCIOJI5I-,lJ,eTOHaTopa TAT-I-T 8.
npH xpaHeHHH pe3b6oBble qaCTH Kopnyca B3pbIBaTeJI5I 3aKpbIThI
nJIaCTMaCCOBbIMH KOJIrraQKaMH 6 H 9.
5
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'6
PUC. 71. TOpM03Hoe YCTPOHCTBO:
1 -- TOPM03HOH lliHYP; 2 - KapTOHHa51 TPYOKa; 3 - (j>YTJI5IP; 4 - KpbIIlIKa; 5 _ cepbra; 6-
OOpbIBHOH IllHyp; 7 - YllilKO
TOPM03Hoe YCTPOUCTBO (pHC. 71) COCTOHT H3 TOpM03Horo llIHypa 1
AJIHHOH 72 M, HaMOTaHHoro Ha KapTOHHOH Tpy6Ke 2 II YJIOLKeHHOro B
MeTaJIJIHqeCKHH <PYTJI5Ip 3 co C'beMHOH KpbIllIKOH 4. Ha KOHIJ,ax TOp-
M03Horo lIIHypa llMeIOTC5I cepbra 5 JI5I npHCOe,lI.HHeHH5I K BbIT5ILKHOMY
WTOKY B3pbIBaTeJI5I H YlliKO 7 JI5I KpenJIeHHH lIIHypa K aHKepy. Cepbra
Ii YIllKO COe,lJ,HHeHbI 06PbIBHbIM llIHypOM 6 JI.JIHHOll 1,6 M.
nYCKOBOH CTaHOK (pHC. 72) npe CTaBJI5IeT C060H HarrpaBJIHIOIll.YIO 1
H3 qeTbIpex ,lJ,epeBHHHbIX 6PYCKOB, CKpenJIeHHbIX TpeM5I 060HMaMH 2.
,[{Be 060HMbI HMeIOT cBepxy rrpope3H ,nJIH CBo6oJ.I;HOro )];BHLKeHH5I coe-
,l(IIHIITeJIbHOrO Tpoca.
H a n p a B JI H IO m a H KpenHTC5I Ha nJIaTe 7 BBel-LeHHeM OCll C JIbIC-
KaMH B <PHrypHbIll na3 3 ITJIaTbl. Heo6xo,l(HMbIH yroJI B03BbIllIeHH5I YCTa-
HaBJIHBaeTC5I TeJIeCKOnHqeCKOH CTOHKOH 8. Ha BHYTpeHHell THre TeJIe-
CKOnHqeCKOH CTOHKH HaHeceHa llIKaJIa JI.JIH YCTaHoBKH yrJIa B03BbIllIe-
HIIH nycKoBoro CTaHKa B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT TeMnepaTypbI B03,lJ,yxa. 3a-
KpenJIeHHe THr TeJIeCKOrrIIqeCKOll CTOHKH ocymeCTBJI5IeTC5I cTonopHwM
BHHTOM 9.
n JI a T a 7 rrpe,l(cTaBJI5IeT C060H cpaHepHbIll IIJ:HT C MeTaJIJIHqeCKOH
HaKJIaJI.KOH C YIlIKaMH 6 II llITll<pTOM 5 ,l(JI5I KperrJIeHH5I TeJIeCKOITllqeCKOH
CTOHKH H oTBepcTHeM 4 )J.,TI5I aHKep a.
l(oMnJIeKT aHKepOB (pHC. 73) COCTOHT 113 aHKepa JI5I KpenJIeHHH
rrJIaTbI, BYX aHKepOB TopM03a (JIeTHerO H 3HMHero) II PYK05ITKH JIH
BBHHtIHBaHH5I aHKepOB B rpYHT.
118
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A H K e p A JI 51: K P e II JI e H II 51 n ,TI a T hI npe,LLCTaBJI5IeT C060H lllTaH-
ry 2, Ha I{OTOPYIO HaBHH4eHbI 6ypaB 1 H raI1Ka 3 C Bblpe30l\I ITOl-L PYKO-
5ITKY 7
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4
PMC. 72. llYCKOBOfI CTaHOK:
1 - HanpaBJI5IlOm.a5l; 2 - OOOHMbI; 3 - qmrYPH IH na3; 4--:
oTBepcTHe AJIH aHK pa; 5 --r- IllTHqn; 6 - YIllKO, u 7 - nJIaTa..
8 - cToHKa TeJIeCKOIlHtIe,cKa5l; 9 - C'TOnOpHbUi BHHT
\
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5
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PIIC. 73. KOMrr.neKT aHKepOB:
1 - oypaBbI' 2 - IlITaHra aHKepa JI.JI5I KpenJIeHHH nJIaTbl; 3 - raHKa; 4 - HaKO-
BaJIb H; 5 - IlITaHrH aHKepoB TopMo3a; 6 - HaKOHetIHHK; 7 - PYKoHTKa
,QJIH 3a6HBKll aHKepOB B Mep3JIbIX rpYHTaX 6ypaB OTAe.HHeTCH, lllTaH-
ra 3aOCTpeHHbIM KOH1I.OM B6IIBaeTC5I B rpYHT.
J1eTHHM aHKep TOpM03a COCTOllT ll3 lllTaHrH 5, 6ypan;) H
raHKH C Bblpe30M rro,lJ, PYK05ITKY.
3HMHHll aHKep TopM03a COCTOHT H3 lUTaHI'Il:;. II;II\()II{"IIIII
Ka 6 11 HaKOBaJIbHII 4, HaBHHQeHHbIX Ha IlITa nry. } l.J1 H M II'I\ 1\ \ 1\ (" 1.111 \'
Ilea
i'l
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I II
I, Iii!
nOCTaBHTb MIIHY Ha ,ll,HO II K.lIIOqOM 33 lIlTHcpTbI (BbIpe30M Ha KOHU. e )
nOBepHYTb nOBOpOTHbIH: ,ll,IICK rrpOTHB xOl-La qaCOBOH: CTpeJIKH H3 45° ,[LO
rne.lIqKa cTonopa; 6oKoBbIe 3aMbIKaTeJ1H npH 3TOM ,ll,OJIMHbI YCTaHoBHTb-
CH B HaKJIOHHOe nOJIOMeHHe;
BbIBHHTHTb npo6KY H3 BTy.FIKH u.eHTpaJIbHOrO 3aIVlbIK3TeJI5I H, co-
opaB IllTaHfY BBHHTHTb ee Ha MeCTO rrp06KH.
fIepeBO,I( 60KOBbIX 3al\IbIKaTe.n:eH B HaKJ10HHoe (GOeBoe) nOJ10Me-
ERe H BBHHqHBaHHe IllTaHfH rrpOH3BOJI,HTC5I HenOCpe,ll,CTBeHHO rrepe,I( rro-
:rpY}KeHHeM MHHbI B BOJI,Y H3 6epery HJIH Ha rr.TlaBCpel-LCTBe.
fIpH Heo6xo,lLHMOCTH CHap5ILKeHI15I MHHbI B3pbIBaTeJIeM BnMIT OH
IBBHHtIHBaeTCH B 60KOBoe OQKO Ha MeCTO KpbIlllKH. npe oxpaHHTeJIb-
IIbIH BHHT H KpbIWKa H3 B3pbIBa TeJl5I B01vlTI Y,lLa.TI5IIOTCH Herrocpe,n:CT-
13eHHO nepe.ll. norpY}KeHHeM MHHbI B BOtly.
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IToHcHoe KperrJ1eHHe (peMeHb C Ka-
pa6IIHoM, CTa.nbHaH rrJIaCTHHa II PC31I-
HOBaH rrpoK.na,lJ,Ka)
r aeqHbIH K.nIOq
,LLepeBHHHbIH rreHan n.n51 3arra.nOB
lV1J.L - 5lVl
1
C MHH3MII yrraKoBaHbI rr05ICHOe Kperr-
.neHIIe, K.nIOq H rreHa.n. B yrraKoBKe
lIMeeTC5I MeCTO ,lJ,.n51 pa3MeUl.eHH5I qeTbl-
pex B3pbIBaTe.neH B3,I:l-IM H llBYX
B3pbIBaTe.neH 3J-I
2'*
1*
3*
1
1 Ha 2 MIIHbI
1 Ha 2 MHHbI
35 Y,lI,.nHHeHHaH rrpH.nIII1(lIO- l\ll1Ha Y01Vl C rr.naCTIiHofi, He OKOHqa-
w.afl MHHa YDM Te.nbHO CHapH}KeHHaH
B3pbIBaTe.nb B3Jr-1M HeCHap5IllieH-
HbIH C Ha6opOM MeTa.n.n03.neMeHTOB
N2 1, 3, 5, 7 II 8
B3pbIBaTeJ1b HeH3B.neKaeMOCTH 3H
HeCHa p 5I}KeHHbIH
3arraJ1 M.LL..5M
1
C MHHaMH yrraKoBaHbI rrOHCHOH H Ha-
rr.neQHbIe peMHH, cKpe6oK, KJIIOQ H rre-
Ha.n. B yrraKoBKe IIMeeTC5I OTceK ,lJ,.nn
pa3Me eHH5I lJeTbIpex B3pbIBaTe.neH
B3,LL-IM H Jl.BYX B3pbIBaTe 1eH SH.
no saHBKe MHHbI MorYT KOMrrJIeKTO"
BaTbCH B3pbIBaTeJIHMH B3LL..20M co
cne Ha bHNMH sarranaMH
2*
1*
3*
' .
.-----;-,
- - "' -"'..- ,,-,. "' "
'\I"
I l . i ; "'-- "'- .!;>..
.....,_."""'"z
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".
D05ICHOH peMeHb
f-Iarr.J1eqIIbIH peMCHb
CKpe60K ,lJ..nH OQIICTKH MeCTa YCTa-
HOBKII MIIHbI
I'aeqHbIH K.nIOq
,LLepeB51HHbIH neHaJ1 ,lJ,.n5I 3arra.nOB
lV1Jl-5lV1
1
2
1
1
1
36
CrrJIaBHaH pellHa5I
CPM
MHHa }';lHHa CP \ 1, He OKOHqC-ne.lbHO CHa-
p 51 )!{eHII J 51
B3pUBaTe lb l.Lv1B-I6 HecHap5DKeH-
H bI rI
LlITClnra (3 Ko.neHa)
K..nIOLJ
CaxapHa5I lUalilKa
K arrCI:O.nb-,lJ,eTOHaTop N2 8- o A
33Y
3.neKTp03arraJJbHOe YCTpOI1CTBO
BaTape5I 6,15 DMU-Y-48q
(CBC-Y-6)
1
1
Ko:vlrr.n.
1
:2
1
1
1
MeqeHHbIe 3Be3)I.OQKOII *, 5IB,,1J5IIOTC5I caMOCT05ITe.nbHo u: .-
IT P H M e q a H H 51: 1. 3.neMeHTbI KOMrr.ne T: o (ax H VK33bIB3IOTC5I [3 3aHBKax, HaK.na,lJ,HbIX H ,lJ,pyn: '- .=
6oerrpHrracoB. OHH rrocTyrraIOT B oTLLe.nbIH ) }IX ) rr ' 'I1qeCKHe-' 6oerrplIrrac' 1 HCKJIlOqaH o603HaqeHHbIe B .'-
2. Yqe6HbIe (HHepTrIOrO CHap5I)KelIH51. II npaK ..... . (. , .
ll.H , ?H{:1J10rliQHYIO 6oeBbIM.
:.: -y
- - - -. -..
CtJ
W
061lJ,HC nO,10)I{CHIUI
1. Cpe,lI.CTBa B3pbIBaHMSI .
1. 1. B3pbIBaTe.nn 3aMe,lI,.neHHoro ,lI,eHCTBluI ...
1.1.1. B3pbIBaTe.nb 3aMe,lI,.neHHoro ,lJ,eHCTBluI B3,lJ,-3M
1.1.2. B3pbIBaTecl'1b 3aMe,lI,JleHHoro ,lI,eHCTBluI B3,lJ,-6q
1.1.3. B3pbIBaTe.nb 3aMe,lI,JIeHHOrO ,lI,eHCTBluI B3,lJ, -144
1. 1.4. B3pbIBaTe.nb 3aMe,lI,.neHHoro ,lI,eHCTBluI B3,lJ,-144q
1. 1.5. B3pbIBaTe.nb 3aMe,lI,.neHHoro ,n;eI1CTBH5I B3,lJ,-20M
1.2. B3pbIB3Te,JIbHOe YCTpOH.cTBO BY3-8 . .
1.3. B3pbIBaTeJIb rrO,lI,BO,lI,HbIX 3ap5I,lI,OB Bf13-1
2. nO,lI.pbIBHbIe 3apSI,lI.bI . .
2.1. KYMy.n5ITHBHble 3a p5I,lI,bI . .
2.1. 1. KYMYJJ5ITHBHbIH 3ap5I,lJ, 4
2.1.2. KYMy.n5ITHBHbII 3ap5I,lI, 1(3-5
2.1.3. KYMy.n5ITHBHbIii 3a p5I,lI, K3-6
2.1.4. KYMy.n5ITHBHbIH 3ap5I,lI, K3-7
2.1.5. KYMy.n5.lTIIBHbIll 3apSl,lI. K3Y-2 .
2.1.6. KYMy.n5ITHBHbIH 3ap5I,lJ, JIK3-80
2.2. 3aLKIIraTe.nbHbIH H B3pbIBo3aLKHraTe.nbHbrH 3ap5I)I.bI
2.2.1. 3 am:Hra TeJIbHbIH 3a p5IlI. 33-1 .
2.2.2. B3pbIBO c!)KIIraTe.nbHbIH 3ap5I,lJ, B33-2
2.3. OKorrHbIH 33 p5I)J, 03-1
3. 3apSl,lI.bl pa3MHHHpOBaHIHI .
3.1. 3ap5I,lI, pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I Y3-3P . .
3.2. 3ap5I,lI,bI ,lI,.n5I YCTaHoBoK pa3MIIHIIpOBaHH5I
3.2.1. 3ap5I,lI, pa3MHlulpOBaHH5I 13-67
3.2.2. 3 a p5I,lJ, pa3MHHHpOBaHH5I Y3f1 -72
:3.2.3. 3apH,lI, pa3MIIHupOBaHII5I Y3f1-77.. .. ..
;3.2.4. f1paKTHLJ__'CKHe 3apH,:I,hI pa3MIIHHpoBaHHH Y3-67, Y.3IT-72
3.3. 3apHllbI pa 3 IHI-nlpOBaHHH A.nH rrpO,lI,e.nbIBaHII5I rrpoX:O,lI,OB-TpOrr
3.3.1. 3ap5I,lI, pa3MIIHHpOBaHH5I 3Pf1
3.3.2. 3ap5I,lJ, pa3MHHHpOBaHII5I 3P-150 115
3.3.3. Ilp3KTnqCl'r Ile Jap5I;I,bI pa3MIIHIIpOB3HII5I YII-3PIT II YI/I -3P-150 123
4. l\'h1 Hb -JIVBYlliKM 12-1
-1. 1. NIHH3-.10BVUIK;! NiC-3 __
5. npHJIHnalOIll.He MHHbI 129
5.1. lVla.naH fIpHJIIIrraIO a5I MHHa MOM 130
5.2. Cpe,n;HH5I rrpH 1JHrraIOlUaH MIIHa Cf1M 132
5.3. BOJIblIla5J npHJ1HrraIOIIJ.a51 MHHa EOlVl 135
5.4. Y ,lI, 1JIIHeHIIa5I npHJIHrraIOlUa5I MIIHa Yf1M . 13D
5.5. YQe6HbIC rrpH.1IInaIOll IIe MHHhl Y --MITlVl, Y -CITM, Y -BDlVl H Y --YITM 141
6. CnJlaBHaSl pe1JHaSi MHHa CP M . 142
n p H ,n 0 LK e H II 51:
L OCHoBHbIe llaHHbIe rro yrraKoBKe IIHLKeHepHblx 6oerrpIIrracoB 154
2. HOpMhI rrorpY3KH HHLKeHepHbIx 6oerrpHrracoB Ha aBToMo6H.n1I 160
i. HOpMbI norpY3KH IIHLKeHepHbIx 6oerrpHrracoB Ha BepTo.neTbI . 164
4. BpeMH 3aMe,lI,.neHII5I B3pbIBaTe.n5I B3JJ.-3M B 3aBIICHMOCTH OT HOMepa Me-
. 168
Ta.n.nO.3.neMeHTa II TeMrrepaTypbI . .
5. BpeM5I rrpelI.OxpaHeHH5I B3pbIBaTe.n5I B03-1 B 3aBIICHMOCTH OT HOMepa Me-
Ta.n.nO.3JleMeHTa H TeMrrepaTYPbI BO,lI,b . 169
6. HaIIMeHoBaHIIe, MapKHpoBKa, Macca II ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI OCHOBHbIX
.3.neMeHTOB KOMn.neKTa Y.ll.JIHHeHHOro 3ap5l,n;a pa3MIIHHpOBaHH5I Y3-3P .
7. BpeM5I 3aMe,lJ,JIeHHSI B3pbIBaTeJI5I B3,[(-lM H BpeM5I npe,n;oxpaHeHH5I B3PbI-
B3Te,,15I HeH3B.TJeKaeMOCTII 3H B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT HOMepa MeTa.n,,1J03.neMeHTa H
TeMrrepaTypbI . . . . . . 171
8. CocTaB KOMrr.neKTOB HHLKeHepHbIx 6oerrpHrracoB . 172
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101
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