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nOK838Teneii
XapaKTcpHCTHK8
Hecl>epMeHTHpOB8H_
HOro 'cono,tt8
XapaxTepHCTHK8
, cl>epMeHTHpoBBHHoro
conoAa
Cna,o;KOBaTb1fi
CBoill.'TBeHfl'b1R AllH-
HOMy BIIAY cono)1a,
6e3 3anaXa McceHII
II rnnnH
CBCTnl>-)I(e1!TbI!t c ce-
pOBaTblM OTTe'HKBM
HecI>epMeHTlIpOB8H-
Horo conoA8
1<Hcno-cnanKHII, npH-
'6nJi)l(atoliIHficJI K iI'KY-
cy P)l(aIJoro XIIe6a,
'6e3 rOpbKoro" npHro-
penoro H nocTopoHHe-
TO npHBKyca
nOCTOpOHHHe npHMecH:
MCTannolIpHMcCH BCJllI'IlIHOIi OT-
I1cnbHbIx 'laCTHIt He 6onblI1e 0,3 MM,
Mr Ha 1 Kr. HC 60nec
nCCOK
3apa)f(eHHOCTb aM6apHbtMH BpelJ,HTCIUI-
MH
He )10IIYCKaeTCR
Hc nony,cKacTcH,
3.0 3.0
1.6. COnO,Lt H'IMEHHLIO
Or KOpH'IHCBOro )10
TCMHo-5YVOFO 'C 1<pac-
FlOBaTLlM OITCHKOM
Conop; IIHBoBapeHHbIH HqMeHHbIU (OCT 18-305-77) no cnoco6y npH-
rOTOBneHHH p;emnCH Ha p;Ba nma: 06bI'lHbIH conop; (cBeTflbIH 11 TeMHhIH)
11 CneIUlaJIbHbIH (KapaMenbHbIH 11 >IOKeHKa IIHBoBapeHHaR).
B xne60neKapHoH npoMblumeHHocrn: 1Icnonb3YlOT 06bI'lHbIH conop;
(cBeTnbIH 11 TeMHbIH), KOTOpbIH no Ka1leCTBY p;omKeH COOTBerCTBOBaTb
Tpe60BaH1IHM, YKa3aHHbIM B TaM. 5.
8,0 8,0
10.0 10.0
npOXO)1 Ge3'oCTaTKa ''Iepc3 CHTO N-1 085
80,0
25
17.0
5,0
48,0
Ta6nllua 5
OpraHOnenTlI'ICCKHe H q,H3HKO-XIIMH'ICCKHe nOKa3aTeJlH
conona nllBoBapcHHoro, H'IMCHHoro o6bI'lHoro
85.0
HOPMbI AIDI THnOB conOAa
J1oK83aTeJIH K8'1eCTB8
cBCTnoro
TCMHOrO
I KnaCC8
II Icnacca
BHClI1HlIH BM
'IIICTbIil, 6e,3 npllMeccH pOCTI<OB, nneCHCBcnwx 3e-
peH, 3CpHOBbIX BpCAlITCJlcii
PaBHOMCpHbIil OT CBCTnQ-)I(CJlTOFO 110 )l(enTOrO; HC
11 0n ycKaIOTCH TOHa 3cneHOBaTbie II TeMHbIe, oGy-
CJlOBneHHbIe nJiCCeHbIO
COn0)10BbLH, 'IlICTbIII, 60nec cHnbHblfi y TeMHoro
conolJ,a. He lJ,OnYCl<aCTCH KlICJlblil, nneCHeBcnblil
II )1pyrnc IIOCTOpOHHlIe 3alIaXll
XapaKTcpHbIfi, cononOBbltl, cna,o;KoBaTbiil; HC 1J.0-
nycl<aCTCR KlIcnoBaTbIfi H ropbl<lIfi
IJ;BCT
35;0
3anax
BKYC
10- 20
npOX0)1'1CPC3 CIITO 2,2X2 MM, %,
HC OOnce
8,0
5.0
8,0
IS
npO,QOJl)l(CHHC T3Gn, 5
HbI 3arpH3IIHTb caxap 1<0CTpoii IDm BOpCOM If HMCTb nOCTOpOHIDIH 3anax;
caxap HC n;on)J(cH npoCbIITanCH 'lCpC3 Tl<aHb If llIBbI MCllII<OB;
B Tl<aHCBbIC MCllll<H C BKnan;bIIll3MIf:
nOnH3TID1CHOBbIMH TOmlUfHoH HC 60nce 0,100 MM, pa3McpoM 109X
X59 CM no fOCT 19360-74;
6YMa)J(HbIMH TpexcnoHHbIMH Cl<nCCHHbIMH OTKpbITbIMH MapKH HM,
pa3McpoM 92X60 CM no fOCT 2226-75.
Caxap nplfMcHHlOT B BHAe npo(lmnbTpoBaHHoro pacTBopa.
Cnen;yeT oTMeTHTb, 'ITO caxapHbIH paCTBop npH nnOTHOCTH 1,23 H TeM-
nepaTYpe 38° C Ha'lI1HaCT BbIKpIfCT3nnIf30BbIBaTbCH. J],nH npCn;OTB paw:cHHH
:noro B paCTBOp n;06aBnHlOT nOBapeHHYIO conb (2,5% I< Macce caxapa).
KOM6HIDIpoBaHHbIe caxapo-coneBble pacTBopbI BbIn;ep)!(IfBaIOT WlHTeJIbHOe
xpaHeHHe, HC I<pHCT3nnH3YIOTcH npH ncpeMcllllfBaHIfH, ncpeKa'IKe H CHH:>KC-
Hllli TeMncpaTypbI n;o 17° C.
IIpH Hc06xoJJ;HMOCTH COKpaw:cHIfH pacxoJJ;a BOJJ;bI Ha TeXHOnOrlf'leCKHe
HY)I(J:U>I caxap-necoK mIll caxap-cblpel.\ pacTBopHIOT B HaTypanbHoH Mon01l-
HOH CbIDopoTl<e. PacTBopcHHC caxa a B MOnO'lIWH CbIBopoTKe ocyw:ecTB-
nHeTCH npH TCMncpaTYpc 01' 8 JJ;O 70 C B caxapopaCTBopHTcnHX IfnH B eMI<O-
CTJlX H3 HCp)!(aBCIOIl.\CH CTaJIH, cHa6)J(CHHbIX MelllanKOH. KOHI.\CHTpa!.(HH ca-
xapa B paC-TBOpe CbIBOpOTKIf 45-65%. COJJ;cp:>KaHlfe caxapa B eJJ;HHHL(C 061>-
CMa HnH MaCCbI onpeJJ;cnHCTCH, HCXOJJ;H H3 nnOTHOCTH paCTBopa, no Ta6JIHl.\e
(IIj'ID1o>KCIDIC 7). B npoH3BoJJ;CTBCHHbIX ycnoBIfHX (npH TeMnepaTYpe 25-
35 C) xpaHIfTb paCTBopbI pCKOMCHJJ;YCTCH HC 60nce 1-2 CYTOK.
Caxap )!(IfAKHH (OCT 18-170-85) nOCTaBnHCTCJI 3aBOJJ;OM-H3roTO-
BHTeneM.
B nHw:cBoH npOMbIlllJ1CHHOCTH caxap )!(IfJJ;I<IfH npHMeHJlIOT BbICllle"
(06CCL(Be'lCHHbIH aJJ;cop6cHTaMH) H ncpBoH (O'lI1Il.\CHHbIH C nOMOll.\bIO <pHnbT-
pyroll.\HX nopolllKoB) KaTcropHii.
}l(uJJ;I<HH caxap JJ;on:>KCH 6bITb np03pa'lHbIM, cnaJJ;KHM Ha BKyC, 6e3 no-
CTOpoHIDIX npHBI<YCOB H 3anaxoB, no I.\BCTY - cBCTnO-:>KCnTbIM, C Macco-
BO" AOne" caxap03bI HC MCHCC 99,80% (BbIClllCH l<aTCroplm), 99,55% (nep-
BOH KaTcropHH) H MaCCOBoH JJ;oncH CYXHX BCW:CCTB HC MCHce 64%.
Mcnonb30BaHHc )!(IfJJ;Koro caxapa Ha xnc60ncKapHbIx npcJJ;npHJlTHRX
BeAYT B COOTBeTCTBHH C peKoMcHJJ;aIJ,J1HMH no npHcMY, xpaHcHHIO H nepe-
pa60TKc caxapa >KJ1JJ;l<oro Ha xne60nCI<apHbIX npeJJ;npHHTIfJlX (YTBep)f{,[\e-
HHH 18.09.79).
Caxap-cblpel.\ HBnHeTCJI HMnopTHbIM cblpLeM, cro l<a'lCCTBO xapaKTe-
PH3YCTCH B cOnpOBOAHTCnbHoM JJ;OKYMCHTC. ITOl<a3aTeJIH l<a'leCTBa onpcJJ;c-
nJlIOTCJlI<OHTpaKTHblMH ycnoBHHMH nOCTaBKIf.
ITaTOKY KpaXM3nbHYlO (fOCT 5194-68) BbIpa6aTbIBalOT TpCX BHJJ;OB:
KapaMenbHYIO, KapaMenbHYIO IDI3KoocaxapeHHyIO (KH) If rJIIOK03HYIO BbICO-
KoocaxapeHHYIO (fB). KapaMcnbHYIo naTOKY BbIITycKaIOT 2-x COpTOB _
BbIClllcro (KB) H ncpBoro (Kl).
IIaTOKY JJ;OCTaBnHlOT B JJ;CpCBHHHbIX 60'lKax no fOCT 8777-80£ HnH
MCTannWICCl<lfX 60'lKax, a TaK:>KC B IJ,J1CTepHax 11 XpaHJlT B npoxna.o;HoM
Mecrc.
I10I<a3aTCJIH I<aqeCTBa
B TOM 'IlIcne coplloil npHMCClI, %
KOnH'ICCTBO 3epeH, %:
MY'IHlICTbIX, HC MCHCC
CTCI<JIOBlI11HI,[X, He 60Jlcc
TCMHI,[X, HC 60nec
Bna)l(1I0CTx" %..HC 60Jlee
3KCTpaI<TlIBHOCTX, Ha cy xoc BCll(e-
CTBO, %, HC MCHCC
npO,QOJl)l(HTCJ1hHOCTb ocaxapllBaHlI5I,
MlIH, HC 60Jlcc
UBCTHOCTb, MJI 0,1 H p-pa fio,o;a Ha
100 MJI B011bl, He 60nec
fla60paTopHoe cYCJ1o:
np03pa'IHOCTb
KHCJlOTIiOCTL, Mn 1 II p-pa Il.lCJIO'lll
Ha 100 Mn cycna
HOPMbI nnR nmOD cono,Qa
CBeTnoro
I TeMHoro
I I<nacca II Knacca
0,3 0,5 0,3
80,0 80,0 90,0
5,0 10,0 5,0
He 110nycl<a- 4.0 10,0
eTCH
5.0 6,0 5,0
77,5 75,0 74,0
20,0 25,0 30,0
0,20 0,40 0,5-1,3
np03pa'l/IOC
L\onYCKaCTCH
onaJi
np03pa'lHOC
0,9-1,3
0.9-1,3
He HOpMlIpy-
CTC5I
113MCnb'leHHbIH conoJJ;, oTnycKacMbIH Ha npOH3BoJJ;CTBO, npoccl1BaIOT
'lCpe3 npOBOnO'lHoc CHTO N° 3,5 -4,0 (no TY 144-1374-86) 11 nponycKalOT
1ICpe3 MarIDITHbIC ynoBHTenH.
1.7. CAXAPOCO.QEP)KAII!HE npO.QYI<TbI
Caxap-nCCOK (fOCT 21-78) - nHw:eBoll npoJJ;YKT, npeJJ;CraBnHlOllIHH
C060H caxap03Y B BHJJ;e orAcnbHbIX KpHCT3nJIOB. Caxap-nccoK JJ;on:>KCH
HMen cnaJJ;I<IfH BKYC, 6e3 nocTopoHHHX nplfBKYCOB H 3anaXOB. 31'0 cbmy-
'II1H npoAYKT, 6e3 KOMKOB, 6enoro C 6necKoM I.\BeTa.
J],nH npOMbIlllJ1eHHoii ncpcpa60rKIf JJ;onYCKaCrCJI caxap-necoK C MaccO-
BOH JJ;oneH Bnarl! HC 60ncc 0,15% H MacCOBoH JJ;oncii caxapo 3 bI HC MCHCC
99,55%, HMClOll.\HH I.\BCTHOCTb JJ;O 1,5 eJJ;.
MCTannonpHMeccH JJ;onycKacTcH HC 60nce 3 Mr Ha 1 Kr caxapa C pa3-
MepaMH HC 60nce 0,3 MM B Half60nblllcM nHHcHHoM H3MCpCHHI1.
Ha xnc603aBoJJ;bI caxap-necoK nocTynacT B MCllll<ax.
Caxap-necol< JJ;on:>KCH 6blTb ynaKoBaH:
\ B HOBbie MClllKIf no fOCT 8516-78 Hnn 6bIBlllHe B ynorpe6nciI11H
'II1CTble rKaHCBbIe MelllKIf ncpBoH If BTOpOH KarcropHH. MClllKH He Aon)J(-
16
17
fIaT{)Ka MaJIbT03HaH (OCT 18-168-85) npHMeHHeTcn B XJIe60neK3p'
HOH H KOHAHTepCKoH npOMbllIIJIeHHOC1'H.
.I:Wn IIpOH3BoP;CTBa M8)TbT03HOH naTOKH Hcnonb3YlOT 3epHo WIH l.{enble
nOqaTKH KyKYPY3bI H cono).:\, npHrOTaBnHBaeMblH H3 nqMCHR.
I1aroKa pa<l>HHaJJ:HaR (OCT 1$-233 75) OTXOn, caxapo-pa(l nm 8A'
HOro npoH3Bo).:\cTBa npenCTaBnner co60il rycTYlO, BH3KYlO )I(H OCTb, ner-
KO pacTBopnlOlltylOCH: B I'OpR.qeH U XQnOJ'UfoH B.OAC (8 mo6bIX CO<Y.IHowe.
:HHB:X) .
Pa<l>HHaJJ:HY1O naT{)KY TpaHcnopmpyIOT 8 aBTOl.{HCTepHaX JJ:lUl IIHll.{eBblX
npop;yKTOB no faCT 92l8-86E HJIH B :>Kene3Ho).:\opo)f(HbIX IUfcTepHax.
I1oKa3a:renH KaqeCT ,a. BceX BJfP;OB IIa:rOKH npHBeJ;\eHbI B TaM. 6
I1epe).:\ nycKoM B npoH3BO).:\CTBO naToKY nponYCKalOT qe'pc3 CHTO C
pa3MepoM JI'leeK He 60nee 3 MM. naroKY npeARa,pHTenbHo no).:\orpeBaIOT
).:\0 (42:1:2) 0 C nml YMcHbwemuI BH3KOCTH. .D:onycKaeTCJ{, pa3Be).:\eWle BO-
).:\0ii-1100 nonyqe1Ql1l paCTBOpa. onpe).:\eneHHOH nnOTI:lOctH.
1.8., IIPOJ.{Yl\ThI MACJI01KHP06bIE
Macno nonCOnHC'lHOe (TOCT 1129-73) B 3aBHCHMOcm or cnoco6a
06pa60TKH nOJJ;pa3p;ennlOX Ha BH,lJ;bl: pa<l>IDnipoBaHH.Oe, rH,!J;pan:\p0BaHHoe
11. Hepa<l>HlmpoBaHHoe.
OpraHOnenrnqeCKHe H <l>H3HKO-XHMHQeCKHe nOKa3aTenH KaQeCTBa
npHBe).:\eHbI B Ta6JI. 7.
Macno XJIOnKOBoe pa<l>HHHpoBaHHoe (rOCT 1128-75) ).:\JIH npoMbIW-
neHHOH nepepa60TKH aa eBbIe l.{enH npHMeHHIOT n e 30).:\o.pHpo:aaHHoe
(Bblcwero H nepBoro copta) H pa<l>HHHpoBaHHoe He).:\e30).:\opHpO,B8HHOe
(BbIcwero, nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB). nOKa38IeJIH KaQeCTBa npHBe).:\e-
RbI B TaM. 8.
fop'lli'lHoe MaCJIO (faCT 8807-74) BbmYCKaroT O).:\HOro BHp;a - He-
pa<l>HHHpoBaHHoe, Tpex COpTOB - BbICllIero, nepBoro H BToporo.
Macno coeBoe (faCT 7825-76) B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT cnoco6a 06pa60T-
KH no).:\pa3).:\emIIOT Ha: rH).:\paTHpoBaHHoe (nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB),
pa<l>HHHpoBaHHoe He).:\e3o).:\opHpoBaHHoe H pa<l>HHHpoBaHHoe ).:\e3o).:\0pHpO-
BaHHoe.
MacJlo K}'KYPY3Hoe (TaCT 8808-73) /J)H1. npoMbIl.I.V1eHHoH nepepa-
6o:rKH npe).:\Ha3HaQaeTCn p a 4mHHponaHHoe He11oe30J;\opHpoBaHHoe II aepa-
<l>HHlfpoBaHHoe. I1oKa3aTeJIH K8'leCTBa rop'IH'IUoro, KyKYPY3H0r0 II coe-
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PaCTI1TCnbHhIC MaCna TpaHcnOpm:PYJOTCH B )l(CnC3HO.n;0P0)!(HbIX l(HC-
TcpHax no faCT 10674-82, aBTOl(HCTCpHax no faCT 9218-86E, B 60'1-
Kax CTMbHbIX HCOUHHKOBaHHbIX HnH C nOKpblTI1CM BHYTPCHHHX nOBcpx-
HOCTCI1 no faCT 6247-79 HnH faCT 13950-84, BO 4>nHrax anJOMlIHHC-
BblX no faCT 5037-78.
J],onycKacTcH TpaHcnopmpoBaHHc no.n;conHC'lHOrO paq:mHHpoBaHHoro
.n;C30.n;opI1pOBaHHoro H xn0J;IKoBoro HC.n;C30.n;OpHpOnaHHoro Maccn B Tapc
no TpC6HTcnH, a TaK)I(C B npHIIHCHbIX l(HCTCpHax, HCIIonb3YCMhIX cnCUH-
MbHO .n;mr ncpeB03KH pacTHTcnbHbIx Maccn.
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rop'lli'lHoc, COCBOC H KYKYPY3HOC XpalUIT B 3aKpblTbIX, TCMHbIX nOIYICIl\C-
HHHX npI! TCMTIepaTYpe (19:1:2) 0 C.
1 ITcpe.n; nOCTYIUICHHCM Ha npOH3Bo.n;CTBO Macno IIponYCKaJOT tJCpe3
CHTO C pa3McpOM HtJCCK HC 60ncc 3 MM.
>KHpbI KOH.n;IiTCpCKHC, xnc60ncKapHbIC H KYJIHHapHhIc (OCT 18-197-
84) npc.n;cTaBJIHJOT C060H pa3JIH'lHbIC CMCCH )l(HpOB, B KOTOpbIC MorYT BXO-
,IJ;HTb nHlUCBbIC canoMacChI, paCTHTCJIbHbIC Macna, ncpc:nCpH<j)lfl(HpOBaHHbIc
II )l(HBOTHbIC )[(lipbI, 3M}'JIhraTOpbI If .n;PyrHc KOMnOHCHTbI.
B xnc60ncKapHoH npOMhIIIIJICHHOCTH npHMcHHJOT )l(HphI:
xnc60ncKapHbII1 - )l(Hp )[(li.n;KHI1 .n;nH xnc60ncKapHoii npOMbIIIIJICHHO-
cnI;
KYJIHHapHbII1 ,,<PPHTJOPHbIH", cano paCTHTeJIbHOC, "YKpaHHCKHI1",
.,Bcno PYCCKIfI1" .
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po.n;HYW no.n;BH)l(HYW KOHCHCTCHUHJO, l(BCT - CBCTJIO-)!(CJITbII1, )J.JIH HcoKpa-
mCHHoro - OT cBcTno-KpeMoBoro .n;o KpeMoBoro, oKpaCKa paBHoMcpHaH
no Bccn Maccc; BKYC - 'lliCTbIH, cBoiicTBCHHhIii 0OO3nHtJcHHOM}' )[(liPY,
6C3 nOCTopoHHHX npI1BKYCOB H :'mnaXOB, npH BBO.n;C apoMaTH3aTopoB _
BhIpa)!(CHHbIH apoMaT, 06YCJIOBneHHbII1 BBO.n;OM apoManI3aTOpoB. Macco-
BaH .n;omr )l(Hpa - He MCHCC 99,7%, MaCCOBaH .n;OJIH BJIarH H JICTY'lliX BC-
Il\CCTB - HC 60JICC 0,3%; KHcnOTHoe 'llicno KOH/r - HC 60JICC 0,8 Mr.
>KHpbI KynHHapHbIc npH TCMncpaTYpc 18° C HMCJOT OWIOpO.n;HYJO, TBCp-
}J;YJO HJIH Ma3c06pa3HYJO KOHCHCTCHl(I1JO; np03pa1JJIbIC B paCnJIaBJICHHOM
COCTOHHHH. ,,<I>pIfTJOpHbIii" )[(liP H CMO paCTMTCJIbHOC HMCJOT 'lliCTbII1 BKYC,
CBOI1CTBCHHhII1 .n;aHHoMY BH.n;y )[(lipa, 003 nOCTopOHHHX npHBKYCOB H 3ana-
XOB; lJ,BCT - OT 6cJIoro .n;o cBCTnO-)!(CnTOrO; "YKpaHHCKHI1", "BcJI PYc-
CKHI1" - BKyC H 3anax,xapaKTcpHbIC )J.JIH .n;06aBnHcMoro )l(Hpa, 003 nOCTO-
pOHlffiX 3anaXOB H npHBKYCOB.
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KYJIHHapHbIH - B pac<j:JaCOBaHHOM H Hcpac4>acoBaHHOM BH.n;C.
>KH.n;KHii )l(Mp .n;nH xnc60ncKapHoii npOMhIIWIeHHOCTH omYCKaJOT B aB-
TOI.UICTcpHax no faCT 9218-86E H CrrCl(HMbHhIX KOHTciiHcpax, B CTMb-
HbIX 6o'IKax no faCT 6247-79 H faCT 13950-84, BO 4>nHrax no faCT
5037-78E, a TaK)!(C B .n;CpeBHHHbIX 60'IKax no faCT 8777-80E Maccoii
HCTTO HC 60JICC 50 KL
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MaTcpHMoB, pa3pcmcHHhIx MHHMCTCPCTBOM 3.n;paBooxpaHcHHH CCCP, )J.JIH
ynaKOBKH )l(HpOB, C nocnc.n;YJOIl\MM 3anapHBaIllICM mBOB.
24
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6apa6aHbI 4>aHcpHbIC H KapTOHHhIC.
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84 Hcnonb3ywT B COOTBCTCTBHH C TCXHOJIOrIftJCCKHMII peKOMCH.n;aIJ,HHMII no
cro npHMcHcIDIIO. CpOK xpaHcHHH npH TCMTICpaTYpc (17:1:2) ° C He 60ncc
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3aHHHMH K pel(CnTypaM Ha xnc606ynO'lHbIC H3.n;CJIHH no B3aMM03aMCHHC-
MOCTII CbIPbH" B xnc60ncKapHoii npoMbIIWICHHOCTH HCnOJIb3YIOT TaK)!(C
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HC'lHbIii" C co.n;cp)l(aHHCM )l(Hpa 72%. MaprapHH .n;on)l(CH HMCTb 'lliCTbIii, Xopo-
1U0 BbIpa)l(CHHhIn )J.JIH Ka)[()J;oro copTa BKYC H apOMaT, 6C3 nocTopoHHMX npH-
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no faCT 5958-7911 4>aHcpHhIC 6apa6aHbI - no fOCT 9338-80E. JIIl\HKll,
6apa6aHbI M 60'IK11 .n;omKHhI 6hITh BhICTnaHbI paCmTCJIbHbIM ncpraMcHTOM
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Macno KOpOBbC (faCT 37-87) no TOBapHbIM HaJ1MCHOBaHlIHM no.n;-
pa3]],cnHWT Ha cnc.n;YIOIl\HC BlIJJ:hI: HCCOJICHOC, conCHOC, BOJIOro.n;CKOC CJJH-
BOtJ!IOC, JIJ06HTCJIbCKOC, KpeCTbHHCKOC TonnCHOC, a TaK)I(e BbIpa6aTbIB3WT
Macno 6YTCp6pOWIoc (TY 49-481-78).
nOKa3aTCJIM KatJCCTBa KOpoBbcBoro MaCJIa npHBc.n;cHbI B Ta6n. 10.
nCpeB03KY MaCJJa npolI3Bo.n;HT B aBTOpc4>PII)!(CpaTOpax IIJIH aBTOMa-
mHHax C 1I30TCpMlItICCKHM KY30BOM.
KOpOBbC MaCJIO, TBCp.n;bIC )l(HpbI H MaprapI1H XpaHHT B CKJIa.n;cKHx
oxna)l(.n;aCMhIX nOMCIl\CHIIHX HnlI XOJIO.n;HJIbHHKax C nOCTOHHHOI1 l(HPKYJIH-
l(lIcii B03.n;yxa npI1 TCMncpaTYpc HC BbIIIIC 10° C.
>KH.n;KHii MapraplIH xpamn npH TCMncpaTYpe HC BhImc (17:1:2) ° C
HC 60JICC 48 'I C MOMCHTa BhIpa60TKII. KOpOBbC Macno, TBCp,IJ;bIC )[(liphI
H MapraplIH B xnc606YJIo'lHbIC 1I3.n;CJIHH pacxo,I:()'IOT B paCTOnJICHHOM BH.n;C.
.II.onycKacTcH IICnOJIb30BaHHC )l(HpOB B HcpaCTonncHHoM BIIJJ:C )J.JIfI nplI-
rOTOBJICHlIfI OT.n;cnbHhIX BH.n;OB H3.n;cnlIii.
25
Opl'aHOnenTlI'IeCKlIC H W1l311KO-XlIMII'ICCKHe nOKa:.aTeJlH Ka'lecTBa MaCJla
T's6nllua 10
3. "Eonbmoe nJlTHO" - Hamf'ille OJ:(Horo, unu HeCKonbKMX HenOnBM)K-
HblX mITeH non cKopnynoH 06J.WiM pa3MepoM 60nee 1/8 nOBepXHOCTH
cKopnynbl.
4. "TYMaK" - JfHu;a C Henp03pa'IHblM COnep)/(aJrneM, KpoMe B03.n;ym-
HOH KaMcpbl, npM'illHOii HBmIeTCH pa3BlfTHe nneCCHll.MnM 6aKTepMH.
5. "TCK" - JlHu;a, M3 KOTOpblX nonHOCTblO unM 'laCTU'IHO BbITCKnO co-
.n;Cp)j(lfMOC.
6. ,MMpa)KHbIC" - Hiiu;a, M3'bHTble M3 IIHKy6aTOpa KaK Hconno.n;OTBO-
peHHblc.
HHu;a Ha XJIc60ncKapHblX npe.n;npHJlTHJlX nplfMeHJlIOT B OCHOBHOM Ky-
pMHble. )(7HHbIe If ry<:MHbIe Jliiu;a pa3pemaeH::JI Hcnonb30BaTb TonbK'O nplf
1f3rOTOBnCHHIf MenKowTY'IHbIX C.n;06HbIX M3;1);enMii (6ynO'leK, C.n;06bI, cy-
xapeH, ne'leHbJl). XpaHJlT JlHu;a npM TCMnepaTYpc OT 0 .n;o 4 0 C. He .n;ony-
CKaeT<:H xpaHe1rne JlliU; BMeCTe C CHJJbHO naXHYIIUIMH npe.n;MeTaMH.
RM'IHaH cKopnyna B 60nblIDIHcTBC cnY'laeB 3arpJl3HeHa M 3apa)KeHa
6aKTcpMHMU, rnaBHbIM o6pa30M, KMlIIe'IHOH rpynnbl.
Lljm npcP:OTBpamCHMJf nona.n;aHMH 3arpH3HeHHii B Jlli'IHYIO Maccy HHu;a
nepep: ynOTpe6ncHMcM nO]1BepralOT .n;C3MHcpCKU;MM C nocJ1e.n;ywmcii npo-
MbIBKOH Bop:oii.
B nepBoc OT.n;enCHMC TpeXCCKU;MOHHOii BaHHbI HaJIMBaWT 2%-HbIH paCT-
BOp lIHThCBoii COP:bl, BO BTopoe - 2%-Hblii paCTBOp XJIopHoii M3BeCTM HJJM
0,5%-HbIii paCTBOp XJIOpaMUHa, B TpeThe' - npOTO'IHYW BOP:Y.
Hiiu;a, nOMemeHHbIc B CCT'laTbIH HmMK, nor.pY)KaIOT nocncp:oBaTcnbHO
B ncpBoe M BIopoe OT.n;encHMc Ha. 5-10 MUH; nocne 'lcro npoMbIBawT npo-
TO'IHOH BOP:OH B Te'lCHMC 3-5 MUH M 3aTCM nop:aWT Ha pa36HBKY. ,IJ,nH npe.n;-
oTBpau.\cHMJI m;map:aHMH McnoptJeHHblX HMU; BO BCW HM'IHYW Maccy pa36H-
BaTh CJICP:YCT no 3-5 HMI.\ B oTp:eJ1bHYw nocyp:y. B CJIy<lac Hc06xo.n;MMOCTIf
HM'myw Maccy npouc)j(J1BaIOT tJepe3 CliTO C pa3MepOIYI JltJCCK HC 60ncc 3 MM.
HWllibIii nopOUIOK (fOCT 2858-82) MMeeT CBemO')/(CnTblii MnM )Ken-
TbIii U;BCT, nopolUKo06pa3HYw CTPYKTYPY C ncrKopa3.n;aBnMB31OIIUIMUCH
KOMotJKaMM.
MaccoBaH p:onH BnarM OT 6 p:o 8,5%, 6cnKoBbIx BemeCTB M )l(lfpa B ne.
peCtJeTC Ha cyxoc BCmeCTBO HC MCHce 45 H 35% COOTBeTCTBeHHO. PaCTBO-
pllMOCTb (B nepectJcTe Ha cyxoe BcmCCTBO) He MeHee 8.5%, KMcnOTHOCTb
10° T. Hli'IHbIii nopolUoK ynaKOBbIBaWT B )KCCTJlHbIe 6alIKM, cpalIepHbIe
60tJI<H, 6Yl'yfa)KHbIC MClIIKM HnM KapToHHbIC. HlliHKM. 3TOT npo.n;YKT OtJCHb
rMrpocKonHtJeH M 6bICTpO nOpTMTCJI nop: BnMHHMCM BnarM, CBCTa M B03)J;yxa.
HMtJHbIH nopolUoK ncpep: ynoTpc6ncHMcM pa3MelIIlfBalOT C BO.n;OH npM
TeMncpaTYpe (22:1:2) ° C B COOTHOlIICUHM 1:3 MnM 1:4 11 np0U;C)/(I1BaWT 'lepe3
CMTO C pa3McpOM JltJeCK HC 60nec I ,0 MM. Hli'IHbIii nopOlIIOK xpaHHT npM
TeMnepaType He 60nee 20° C.
.HM'IHbIH MenaH)/( MOpO)/(eHbIH (OCT 49-197-83) - oCB060)I(,!J.eHHaH
OT cKopnynbI CMeCb JlM'IHbIX 6cnKoB M )/(CnTKOB, npocpHJJbTpOBaHHaJl', Tllia-
HaHMeHoBaHHe Macna H HOpMhl
H8HMeHoB'8HHe
. nOKa3aTeneii: Heco- Cone- ..nI06H-' Ton- KpeCTbJlHC1COe EYTep6poJJ;HOe
neHoe .Hoe I Tenb- neHoe
1 CKoe cone- Heco- CJI!\,t\- KHcno-
, Hoe neHoe \ Koe 'CJI8.t\-
Koe
BKYC II '3aIt1l'X
KOHCII.C'fCHIU!}r'MIICJta
npll 1'CMlIcpm;ype
IO-12°C:
CJllIBO'lHOrO
'TOnneHoro
IJ;BCT
MaccoBaH 110n51 Bna-
I'll, %,'He 60ncc
MaccoBaH noml )KII-
pa, %, He MeHee
MacCOB81!' )10nHCO-
nIl, %. He 60Jlee
',yHC1'6Iif, 'XapaKTcpllblfi ,o;JlI! l1aHHoro .BlIAn . Mat:l1a, 6C3 nOeTopOH-
HlIX npllBJ<YCOB II .3anaXOB
nJlOTHaH, O,o;HOpOnHal!, nOBepXHOCTb MacJIa H3 pS3pe3e cJla60-
6neCTJIll(aH'1f cyxal! fla'BlIA IfIiJ[ C H'aJIU<!HeM On1lHO'lHbIX'MCJJb'laii-
WHX KaneneK Bn3rH
MHrKaH, 3epH'IICTal!" B paCTonnCHHOM BlIAe' MaeJlO .JJ.OJl*IW GbITb
COBCpWCHHO np03pa<!HblM II 6C3 KaKoro-nll60 oca,o;Ka
,Or 6enaro no cBeTnO-)I(CnTOrO, onHOpOJJ.Hblii no 'Bccii 'Macce
MSCJIa
'16 16 20 25 25 35 35
82,S 81,5 78 98 71 72.5 61,5 61,5
;1.5 1,5
1.9. HI1QEnpO,l{YKTbl
Hiiu;a Kypn"BJe nMlI.\eBbIC B 3aBnCRMOCTH OTcpoKa XpaHCH'lifJl, K3'leCTB3
H MaCChI Huu;a no.n;pa3p:enHIOT Ha 'cnenYIOlI.\HC 'BM.n;bl: p:HCTM'leCKMe M 'CTono-
BbIe.
"B xnc60neK'apHOii npOMbIUUTClI'HOCTM nCn0J1b3YIOT B-cC EM.n;»I Hun, KpO-
Me TCX,'KOTOpbIC OTHOCHTCJlK 'rcxHonorHtJCCKoMy'6paKY.
K TCXHonorMtJCCKOMY 6paKY, T. e. 'I< iiiu;aM, HcnpMro.n;HbIM p:nH yno-
Tpe6rrcHJ.m B nepepa60TKy' OTHOCHT 1iifu;a co cne.n;YIOIUMMM npM3HaKaMU:
'I. "KpaCIOK" - Hiiu;a, B KOTOpbIX )/(CrrTOK nonHOCTblO CMelliaH C 6cn-
KOM.
2. ,,KpoBHHoe KOIlbU;O" II "KpoBHHoe nHTno" - nopOK, npH KOTOpOM
npn oBocKOnHpOlnlHI1'1if Ha nOBcpXHoCTM '?I\eIlTKa BR.n;HM KpoB'CHOCHbIC CDCY-
,IJ;b1 onno.n;oTBopeHHoro 3apop:bIUla, 'B 'BH,IJ;e oKpyrnOCTH pa3HoH cpbpMbI.
26
27
Ta6J1uua II
TenbHO nepeMellIaHHaH If 3aMOpO)!(eHHaH B CneIJ,lfaJIbHOM Tape nplf TeMnepa-
TYpe MIfHYC 18°C. TeMnepaTypa B Macce MenaH)!(a p:on)!(Ha QblTb OT Ml!HYC
5 p:o Mlmyc 6°C.
UBeT MenaH)!(a TeMHO-op3H)!(eBbIM B Mopo)!(eHHOM COCTOHHHIf H OT
CBeTJIO-)!(eJITOrO p:o CBeTnO-OpaH)!(eBOrO nocne p:eq,pOCTlfpOBanlfJr (OT-
TaHBaHl1fi). Ha nOBepXHOCTIf np0P:YKTa p:on)!(eH 6bITb 6yropOK. OTCYTCT-
Bfle 6yropKa - rrp113H3K, 'fI0 npOP:YKT 6bIn pa3MOpO)!(eH.
LJ,onYCKaeTCH BbIpa60TKa HfI'JHOrO MenaH)!(a C p:06aBneHHeM B Hero
0,8% nOBapeHJIOH conlf IfnH 5% cax3pHoro neCKa.
KOHclfCTeHUIfJI - TBepp:aH B MOpO)!(eHHOM COCTOHHlfIf If >KHp:KaJI, op:-
Hopop:HaH nocne p:eq,poCTlfpoBaHflfI. BKYC If 3arrax, cBoHCTBeHHbIe p:aHHO-
My npoP.YKTY, 6e3 nOCTopoHHMX nplfBKycOB M 3anaXOB. M:lccoBaH p:onH
Bnarlf He 60nee 75%, M3CCOBaH p:onH' >KHpa He MeHee 10%, MaCCOBaH p:onfl
6enKoBbIX BemeCTB He IYIeHee 10%, KMCJIOTHOCTb He 60JIee 15° T.
DaHKI1 C 3aMOpO)!(eHHbIM MenaH)!(eM nepep: pa3MOpa)!(IfBaHlfeM Tm3-
TenbHO MOIOT meTKaMfi B BaHHe C TennoH BOP:OH, a 3aTeM CT3BflT B P:Py_
rylO BaRHY C ropHlleH BOP:OH H3 2-3 'Jaca p:rrH on311BaHlUI (TeMnepaTypa
BOP:bI He BbIllie 45° C). B 3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 OT YCJIOBI1H npep:nplfHTI1H p:ony-
CKaeTCH pa3MOpa>KHBaHfle MeJIaH)!(a nplf KOMHaTHoH TeMnepaType, 6o_ ee
npop:omKI1TenbHOe BpeMH.
Pa3MOpO)!(eHHbIe HfI'lHbIe npoP:YKTbI I1CnOnb3YIOT B Te'leHl1e 3-4 '1aCOB.
LJ,onycKaeTcH TaK)!(e flcnOJIb30BaHMe MeJIaH)!(a B TellelIMe CYTOK npn YCllO-
Bfll1 xpaHeRHH em npM TeMnepaTYpe (3:1:1) ° C.
MenaIDK nepep: ynoTpe6rreHlfeM npOUe>KHBaIOT 'lepe3 CI1TQ C pa3MepoM
H'leeK He 60JIee 3 MM. J],rrH rrY'lllIerO npOue>KHBaHI1H ro CMelilllBaIOT C BO-
P:OH B COOTHOIlleHfIfi I: I.
cIJH31IKO-XlIMU'ICCKUe nOKa3aTCJlU IIacTCpH30BaIiHorO KopOBbcro MonOKa
nOKa3aTCIIlI H HOpMbI
MaccoBaH nnoTHocTb KlIcnoT- TeMne,!Ja-
Bnp; MonOKa nonH )[(H- r/cM 3 , HOCTb, 0 T, Typa, C
pa, %, He He MeHec He 60nee He BbIllie
MCHec
naCTcpH30BaHHOC. 3.2% )!(lipa 3.2 1.027 21 8
nacTep1l30BaHHoc. 2.5% )KHpa 2,5 1,027 21 8
EeJiKOBoc. 1% )J<Hpa 1.0 1,037 25 8
ECJlKOBOC. 2.5% >Kupa 2.5 1,036 25 8
HC)l(lIpHOe 1.030 21 8
1.10. MOnOlfHbIE npO).:{YKTbI
naCTepH30naHHOe KopOBbe MorrOKO p:rrH npoMnepepa60TKI1 p:OCTaB-
nHIOT BO 4>mlrax no faCT 5037-78E, uMcTepHax no faCT 92I8-86E M
KOHTeHHepax pa3JIM'lHOH BMeCTMMOCTM.
naCTepM30BanHOe KopoBbe MOJIOKO TpaHCnopTl1pYIOT B 3aKpbITbIX
oxna)!(p:aeMbIX IfnM M30TepMfl'leCKMX cpep:cTBax TpaHcrropTa.
MorrOKO KopOBbe naCTepfl30BaIIHOe XpaHHT nplf TeMnepaTYpe OT 0
p:o 8° C He 60nee 36 'l C MOMeHTa OKOH'laHIfH TeXHOnOrM'leCKOrO npouecca.
MorroKo KopOBbe uerrbHoe cyxoe (faCT 4495 -75) B 3aBlfClfMOCTfi
OT cnoc06a 06pa60TKM nop:pa3p:enHIDT Ha paCnbIJIHTenbHoe, nonY'laeMOe
Ha pacnbImnenbHbIx CYllII1JlKaX; IIJIeHO'lHOe, nonY'laeMOe Ha BaJIbUOBbIX
cYllII1JlKax. B 3aBflCMMOCTIf OT opraHOnenTIf'leCKI1X, 4>113I1KO-XMIYIM'leCKI1X
If MHKp061f0norl1'leCKHX nOKa3aTerreM cyxoe uenbHoe MonOKO nop:pa3p:e-
nHIOT Ha ]J,Ba copTa: BbICllIl1M 11 nepBbIM. BKYC l! 3anax cyxoro uenbHoro
MonOKa - CBoMCTBenHbIM CBe)!(eMY nacTepfl30BaHHoMY nplf pacnbIJIfiTenb-
HOH cyun<e M nepenaCTepH30BaHHoMY (KflnH'leHOMY) MorroKY npM nrre-
HO'lHOM CYllIKe, 6e3 nOCTopoHHflX npMBKYCOB 11 33naXOB. J],rrH nepBoro
copTa p:onYCKaeTCH crra6bIH KOpMOBOH npflBKYC, a ,IJ)1H MorrOKa pacnbI-
nfiTenbHOH CYllIKM - npMBKYC nepen3CTeplf3aul1M. 00 KOHCMCTeHUl11f -
no CYXOH MenKI1H nopOlliOK Ifnlf nopOllIOK, COCTOHml1H H3 arnOMeplfpo-
BaHHbIX 'laCTIfu cyxoro MonOKa, a Y nepBoro copTa p:rrH nneHO'IHoro MO-
nOKa - CYXOH nopOllIOK 113 1f3Menb'leHHbIX IIJIeHOK. LJ,onYCKaeTCH He3Ha-
tnnenbHoe KOnlf'leCTBO KOMO'lKOB, nerKO paCCbmaIOL!.UiXCH nplf MexaHIf-
'leCKOM B03p:eHCTBMIf.
UBeT p:on)!(eH 6bITb 6enbIH C nerKIfM KpeMOBbIM OTTeHKOM ,IJ)1H pac-
nbInIfTenbHoro MonOKa, KpeMOBbIH ,lJ;rrH nneHO'lHOrO MonOKa, Y MonOKa
nepBoro copTa p:onycKalOTcH OTp:enbHbIe nplfropenble 'laCTIf'lKIf cyxoro
MonOKa.
cI>1f3IfKO-XHMfI'leCKlfe nOKa3aTenlf nplfBep:eHbI B Ta6n. 12.
MonOKO KopoBbe nacTeplf30BaHHoe (faCT 13277-79) B XJIe60ne-
KapHoH npoMbuuneHHoCTIf Ifcnonb3Y!{)T cnep:y!{)L!.Uix BMP:OB: naCTeplf30-
BaHHoe >KHpHOCTbID 3,2%, nacTeplf30BaHHoe >KHpHOCTblO 2,5%, 6enKoBoe
>KHpHOCTbID 1 %; 2,5% If He)!(lfpHoe.
UBeT MonOKa p:on)!(eH 6bITb 6enbIM C )!(enTOBaTbIM oneHKOM, ,IJ)1H
He)!(lfpHOrO MonOKa .- co cnerKa CIfHeBaTbIM oneHKOM; BKYC If 3anax
'lHCTbIe, 6e3 nOCTopOHHIfX nplfBKYCOB If 3anaXOB.
no 4>l!3IfKO-XHMH'leCKHM nOKa3arenHM naCTepM30BaHHoe KOpOBbe
MonOKO p:on)!(HO COOTBeTCTBOBaTb Tpe60BaHlfHM H HopMaM, yKa3aHHbIM
B Ta6n. II.
28
29
T a 6J1 H'Ita 12
3HKO-XHMHqeCKJfe nOK33aTenH Ka'lCCTBa cyxoro enbHoro KopoBbCro MonOKa
HopMa AJ1H cyxoro 1\enbHoro MonOKa
p CnbInHTenbHOrO nneHO'IHOrO
HaHMeHOB8HHe
nOKa3aTeneH II B MeWKax H B 4I3IlepHO- B MeWKax H B 4I3IlepHO'
nOT- 4I8HepHO- 'WTaMnOBaH- 4IaHepHo- WTaMnOB8H-
pe6"- WTaMnOBBH- Hblx 60<4KaX WT8MnOBaH- HhIX 60'lKaX
Tenb- HhIX 60'lKaX c BKnaJJ,bIWa HhIX 60<4KaX C BKJ18,J.1;bI-
CKOH' c nOIIll3THJIe MIl H3 C nOJtH3TRlIe maMH H3
Tape HOBhIMH Kpa4lT-6YMa- HOBbIMH Kpa4lT-6YMa.
nnOTH038,tIe- rH, nepra- nnOTH038,J.1.e. rH, nepra-
naHHblMH MeHTa H ,D;p. JUlHHhIMH MeHTa H Aj).
BKn8,tIhIwa- BKna,J.l;hIWa-
MIl MH
MaCCOBaH ,o;Ol1H BJlarll. 4 4 7 5 7
%, HC 60nee
MaCCOBaH p.on51 )l(lIpa, 2S 2S 25 25 25
%, HC MeHCC
PaCTBopllMOCTb, CblpO-
co OC8)J;Ka, MJI, HC 60ncc:
}lJIH BbIcwcro cOpTa O,? 0,3 0,6 0.3 0,6
}lJIH nepBoro cOpTa 0,4 0,8 I,S 1,5
KlICJlOTHOCTb, 0 T, HC 20 21 22 22 22
60nec
IJHCToTa MonORa 'BTOpOll rpynnbl
p;on)I(Ha 6bITb IIC .HH)I(\)
MonOKO KOpOBbe 06e3>KHpemfOe cyxoe (faCT 10970--87) nony'laIOT
nyreM BbICYUIIIBaHHH CBe>KerO nacTepH30BaHHoro 06e3>KHpeHHOro MonOKa.
Cyxoe 06e3>KHpemme MonOKO npeACTaBnJleT C060H MeJIKOpaCnblneHHblii
nopolliOK 11/111 paCnbIJ1HTenbHOH CyuIKH H CYXOH nopOlliOK H3 H3MenbqeHHbiX
KOMO'IKOB WUJ. MonOKa lUIeHO'lHOH CyuIIGI. J],onYCKaeTCJI He3Ha'lHTenbHoe
KOJIH'leCTBO nnOTIfbIX .KOMO'lKOB, nerKO paccbmaJOlUHXCH npH -MeXaHHqecJ(OM
B03AeHCTBHH.
MonOKO ;paCnbIJIHTenbHOH CYIliKH HMee'l' 6enbIH ltBeT C nel"KHM KpeMO-
BbIM OTIeHKOM H KpeMOBaTbm v;aeT 11JIJllUIeHO'IHOrO MOJIOKa.
BKYC H 3anax, CBOHCTBeHHble CBe>KeM}' naCTepH30BaHH0M}' 06e3>KHpeH-
H0M}' -MOnOKY (npH paCIIhIJIHTenbHOH C}'II.IKe) H nepenaCTepH30BaHHOM}'
o6e3>KHpeHHOMy MonOKY '(npH nneHo'IHoii C}'II.I-Ke) 6e3 KaKHX-1IH60 noCTO-
poHHHX npHBI<}'COB H 3anaXOB. J],onYCKaeTCH HaJIH'lHe nen<oro 'KopMOBoro
npHBKYca, a 11JIJI MonOKa paCnbIJIHTenbHoii C}'II.IKH, KpOMe Toro, npHBKYC
nepenaCTepH3aQHH,
ITo 4>H3HKO-XHMHQeCKHM nOKa3aTenHM cyxoe 06e3>KHpeHHOe MOJIOKO
Aon>KHO cOOTBeTCTBOBaTh Tpe60BaHHHM, YKa3aHHbIM B ra6n. 13.
30
MonOKO cyxoe lJ,enbHoe H 06e3)I(HpeHHoe B nOTpe6HTenbcKoii H TpaHC-
nopTHoii Iape C nonH3THneHOBbIMH BKnaJI,bIllIaMH XpaHJlT npH TeMIIepaType
OT 1 AO WOe.
MonoKo cyxoe nepeA nYCKoM B npOH3BOACTBO pa3B01I.JJ.I BOAOH npH
TeMIIepaType 30°C B COOTHOIlleHHH npHMepHo 1 :10. MonoKo HaTypaIIbHoe H
pa3BeAeHHoe cyxoe npOl.{e>KHBaJOT qepe3 CHTO C pa3MepOM JI'leeK He 60nee
1,0 MM.
UpO)J,yKI MOnO'IHbm CYXOH "CMU" (TY 49-934--82) nonyqalOI nyreM
BbIC}'II.IHBaHHH Ha paCnbIJ1HTeJIbHbiX CyuIHJIKaX Cl'YllieHHoii CMeCH MonOKa
06e3>KHpeHHoro Ii ChIBOpOIKH MOnO'lHOii nOACblpHOH.
Ta.6n1f.Ita 13
3HKO-XHMII'IecKHe nOKa3aTeJIH 06C3)!(l1peHHOro cyxoro MonOKa
HOpMhI wm o6e3)KHpeHHoro cyxoro MOnOK8
pacnbl11HTelIhHOrO -nneHO'lHoro
B B MeinKax H B $aHep- B MeWKax H B $aucp-
HaHMeHOBaHHe nOTpe- 60'lKaX C no- HO-WTaM- 6o'lKax c no- RO-WT8M-
nOKa3aTC11eH 6HTelIh- 11113TH11e1IO- nOB3II- nH3TlUIeHO- IIOBaH-
CKoil Bbll\fil, IUIOT- HblX BblMH, HbIX
Tape HO 3anenaH- 60<4K3X 1nn0THO 38,tIe- 60'lKax
HbIMH BKna- naHHbIMH
p:bIWaMH BKnaJJ,bIWa-
MH
MaCWBaH )1011H BJlarll, %, HC Go- 4 4 7 5 7
11ce
PaCTBopllMOCTb, MJI, cblporo 0,2 0,4 0,8 1,5 l.S
ocaAKa, He Go11ec
KlIcnOTHOCTb BOCCTaHOBl1CHHoro 21 21 22 21 22
06C3)KHpeHHoro cyxoro MOJ10Ka
C col1ep)I(aHlIe M CYXHX Bell(eCTB,
%, 0 T, He Gonee
COAepxmHJ.IC cOJleil B nepCC'leTe
Ha MCTaJl11bI, Mr Ha 1 Kr, He 60-
nce:
O11ona lOO 100 100 100 100
MeAH 8 8 8 8 8
CBlIHua HC ,o;onYCKaCTCH
Cyxoii MOnO'IHbIH npotJ:YKI HMeeI CBemO->KenIbm v;aeT co cna60 3eneHO-
BaTbIM OTIeHKOM. J],onycKaeIcH Hanlf'lHe He60nbllIoro KOnH'leCIBa qacTHIJ,
CBeInO-KO pWlHeBoro I.{Bera.
BKYC H 3anax - 'lHCTbIll, MOnOqHbIii, cna.n,KoBaIo-conoHoBaIblH, C npH-
BKYCOM naCTepH3aI.{HH. J],onycKaeTcH HanH'lHe- nerKoro KopMoBoro npH-
BKyca.
Do 4>H3HKO-XHMHqeCKHM nOKa3aIenHM "CMU" AOn)KeH COOIBeICIBO-
BaTh CJIeAYIDlliHM nOKa3aIenJlM: MaCCOBaJi AonH Bnarn, He 60nee 5,0%;
31
"
KHCJIOIIIOClb He 60JIee 22,00T; paCIBOpMMOClb - He 60nee 0,8 Mn cyxoro
oca.n;Ka.
XpaHeHHe "CMIT" .n;omKHbI npOBOJI,Hlb B cy x, XOpOIlIO npoBelpMBa-
eMbIX nOMe eHHHX nplf IeMlIepalype 01 1 .n;o 10 C He 60ne 6 Mec co ,IJ;HH
BbIpa60IKH H He 60nee 3 Mec npH IeMnepalype 01 10 .n;o 20 C. ITepe.n; HYC-
KOM B npoH3Bo.n;CIBO "CMIT" no.n;rOlaBJillBaJOI IaK )!(e, KaK H cyxoe MonOKO.
CMelaHa (OCT 49-90 -83). B 3aBHCHMOCrn 01 co.n;ep)!(aHHH )!mpa H
TeX.HOJIOrH'JeCKOrO npou;ecca cMelaHy BbmycKaJO CJIe.n;YlOllU1x BH.n;OB: 20,
25,30 If 36%-HOH )J(J1pHOCm, KHcnOIHocm 60-100 T.
CMelaHY XpaHHI B xonO):U1JIbHbJX KaMepax nplf IeMnepalype He BbIIlIe
8°C.
TBopor B 3aBHCMMOCIH 01 co.n;ep)!(aHHH )J(J1pa BbIpa6albIBawI cne.n;yIO-
llU1X BH.n;OB: IBopor )\(J1pHbm, nOJIY)\(J1pHbIH H He)\(J1pHbIH.
B 3aBlfCHMOClIf 01 opraHonenIH4ecKI1X H c}JH3IfKO-XHrvrn:tJecKlfx nOKa3a-
TeneH IBopor .n;eJIHI Ha BbICliIHH If nepBblH COpT.
BKYC H 3anax - tll!ClbIH, KHcnOMOn04HbIM, y IBopora BbICIlIero cop-
Ia - 6e3 nOCIopoHHlIX npMBKYCOB H 3anaXOB; HepBoro copla - .n;OHYC:
KaeICH CJIa60KOpMOBOH rrpl1BKYC, npl1BKYC IapbI (.n;epeBa) If HaJIM'rn:e CJIa60H
ropelJl1. ITo KOHCHCleHWill IBopor .n;OJI)!(eH 6bIIb MHrKHM. JJ.OHYCKaeICH
HeO)J.HopO,IJ;HaH, Ma)!(}'lllaHCH Macca, KpOMe Ioro, )],nH IBopora rrepBoro
copla .n;OHycKaelcH HaJIHlJI1e He3HalJl1IenbHOH IBOpO)I(HOH KPYIII(H. He)J(J1p-
Hbm IBopor - paCCbmtJalbIH, .n;onYCKaeICH He3HalJl1IenbHOe BbI.n;eneHHe CbI-
BOpOTKH. ITo U,BelY TBopor .n;on)!(eH 6bIIb 6enblM C KpeMOBbIM OIIeHKOM.
ITo c}JH3MKO-XHrvrn:tJeCKHM nOKa3alenHM mopor .n;omKeH COOTBeICIBOBaIb
Ipe60BaHHHM, YKa3aHHbIM B Ta6n. 14.
l' 8 G JI H l\ 8 14
HaH KOHu;eHlpHpOBaHHaH, TY 49798-81 (no.n;cbIpHalI, no.n;cbIpHalI c6po-
)KeIDIaH, TBOpO)I(HalI); CbIBopoTKa MOJIO'lllaH cry eHHalI, TY 49803- 81
(no.n;cblpHaH, no.n;CbIpHaH C6pO)!(eHHalI, IBOpO)I(HaR); CbIBopoIKa MOJIOtJ-
HaH CKBaIlIeHHalI, TY 49-718-80 (no.n;CbIpHaH, IBOpO:>KHalI); CblBopoIKa
MOn04HaH cry eHHalI m.n;pOJIII30BaHHaH, TY 49377-77 (no.n;cbIpHaH, TBO-
p0)I(HaH); cbIBopon<a MOnO'lliaH cyxaH, TY 49800-81 (no.n;cbIpHaH paclIbI-
JIHleJIbHOH CynrKH, IUIeHO'lliOn CynrKH, mopo)I(HalI paCnbIJUilenbHOH CynrKII) .
T3K)Ke HcnOJIb3YlOICH CbIBOpOTotJHbIe H MonotJHo-6eJIKOBbIe KOHu;eHlpalbI.
OpraHoJIenrntJecKMe, c}JH3I1KO-XHMHtJecKlfe nOKa3aTeJIH, a T3K)Ke npHeM,
xpaHeHHe H nepepa60TKa Bcex BH.n;OB MOJIOtJHOH CbIBOpOIKH H3JIO)!(eHbI B
"TeXHOJIOrHtJecKlix peKoMeH.n;aI.U1lIX no rrpMMeHeHHIO MOJI04HOH CbIBOpOTKM
H CbIBOpOT01JHbIX KOHu;eHTpaloB B XJIe60rreKapHOH npOMbIIlIJIeIDIOCIII"
(ITpHJ10)!(eHHe 6).
CBe)!(}'io naxTY (MPTY 49/50-67) rrOJIY4aIOT H3 nacTepH30BaHHbIX
CJIIiBOK rrpH npoll3Bo.n;cTBe CJIa,IJ;KOCJ1HB04HOrO MaCJIa. ITo BHeIllHeM}' BHA)'
H KOHCIiCTeHlU1H npe.n;cTaBJIlIeT c060n O,IJ;HopO)J.HYIO )\(J1.n;KOCIb 6e3 KpynHHoK
)!(IIpa; BKyC II 3anax - 'lliCTbIH MOJIOtJHbIH, C BbIpa)!(eHHbIM npl1BKYCOM
naclepH3aI.U1l1, 6e3 nocTopoIDIIiX OTIeHKOB; U;BeI - 6eJIbIH co cnerKa -)!(enTO-
BaTbIM oIIeHKoM, paBHOMepHbm no BceH Macce.
MaccoBalI .n;OJIlI )!(IIpa He 60JIee 0,5%, MaCCOBaH .n;onH CYXHX Be eCIB
He MeHee 8,0%, KIICJIOTHOCTb He 60JIee 21°T, TeMlIepaTypa naXlbI ne BbIIlIe
8°C.
CyxaH naXTa pacnbIDHTeJIbHOH cynrKIi (TY 49-247-74) .n;omKHa IfMeIb
BKYC H 3anax tJHCTbIH, CBOHCIBeHHbIH naCTepH30BaHHOH naXTe, 6e3 nOCIO-
poHHHX npHBKYCOB H 3anaXOB H npe.n;CTaBJIlITh C060H CYXOH MeJIKOpaCIIbI-
JIeIDIbrn nopOiliOK 6eJIoro U;Bela C KpeMOBbIM OIIeHKOM. CyxaH naXla IUIe-
HOtiHOH CynrKH OIJIlltJaeTCH OT naXlbI pacnbIDlileJIbHOH CYIlIKIf no KOHCHC-
TeHQillI, BKyCy H 3anaxy. OHa npe.n;ClaBJIHeT co60H cyxon nopOIlIOK H3 113-
MeJIbtJeHHbIX KOMO'IKOB C HaJilltJlleM OI.n;enbHbIX nJIOTHbIX KOMOtJKOB. BKYC
II 3anax - CBoHcTBeFimrn nepenaClepH30BaHHOH naxTe. MaccoBaH .n;OJIlI )!(H-
pa B naxTe He 60JIee 5%, KHCJIOTHOCTb BOCCTaHOBJIeHHOn naXTbI C co.n;ep)!(a-
HHeM 9% COMO (cyxoro 06e3)!(IIpeHHOro MOJI04HOro OCTaTKa) - He 60JIee
22° T. MaccoBalI .n;OJIlI BJIarH He 60nee: B naXTe paCnblJillTeJIbHOH CynrKH
5%, IUIeH04HOH - 7%, pacTBOpMMOCTh cbIporo Oca,IJ;I<a B MJI, He 60nee: B nax-
Te pacnbIDHleJIbHOH CYIlIKH 0,2; nneHO'lliOn - 1,5.
CyXYIO naxlY .n;OClaBJIHIOT B c}JaHepHO-iliTaMnOB04HbIX 60'1KaX eMKOClbIO
50 JI no fOCT 5958-79 MaCCOH HeTIO 25-30 Kr C BKJIa.n;bIIlIarvrn: 113 HeCla-
6IDIH3HpOBaHHOrO nOJIH3IIDIeHa no fOCT 10354-82, a IaK)!(e B tJelbIpex-
If nHIHCJIOnHbIX 6)'Ma)I(HbIX HenponHTaHHbIx MeiliKax no fOCT 2226-75
MaccoH HeIIO 25-30 Kr.
ITepe.n; nycKoM B npOH3Bo.n;CIBO CYXYIO naxTY no.n;rOTaBJIl1BaIOT aHaJIO-
rll'lllO cyxoM}' MOJIOKY.
1.11. 1IP0 YKThI nno oBo-HrO HblE
cIIl!3IIKO-XIIMH"CCKYlC nOKa38Tenll TBopora
HOpMbI AJIJI TBopora
H8HMeHOBaHHe xmpHoro nonY>KlIpHOrO He>KIIpHOrO
nOK838Tenen no COpTaM no copTaM no copTaM
BbIC- nep- BhIC. nep- BbIC- nep-
lllHlr BbUt llluii BbIH willi BbIH
MaCCOB8H i:(OJlJl )l(lIpa, r He MCHCC 18,0 18.0 9,0 9,0
MaCCOB8}[ i:(onJl BJ1arH, %, He 60Jlec 65,0 65,0 73,0 73,0 80,0 80,0
KlIcnoTIIoCTb, 0 T, He BLIlI1e 200 225 210 240 220 270
°
TBopor xpaHHT npH ICMlIepaType 01 MHHYC 2.n;0 8 C.
MonotIHaH CblBopoIKa npe.n;CIaBnHeI C060H n0604HbIH npOA)'KI, nOJIY-
tJeHHbrn nplf npOIl3Bo.n;CIBe mopora, cbIpa, nH eBoro Ka3el1Ha, MOJIOIJHOro
6enKa. Ha npe.n;npMHllUlX XJIe60neKapHon npOMbIIlIJIeHHOCIIi flcnonb3yioI-
ClI Bce BlI.n;bI MonotJlfOH CbIBOpOIKM, a HMeIDW: CbIBopOIKa MOnO'lHaH OCT
10-02-02-3-87 (no.n;cbIpHaH, IBOpO)I(HaH, Ka3eflHOBalI); CblBopoIKa MOJIOtJ-
ITOBJl):\JIO (fOCT 6929-88) BbIpa6aIbffialOT 113 nno.n;OBoro II nJIo.n;OBO-
HrO)J;Horo nlOpe IDIII HX CMeCH, H3 IbIKBeHHoro nlOpe IDIH CMeCH TbIKBeHHO-
32
2 3aK. 1116
33
ro II JIMO'lHOrO IllOpe, YBapeHlIOrO C caxapoM, C n06aBneHH6M IInll 6e3 Jl,o-
6aJlJIeHHJI IDIIl\eBOrO neKTHHa II IlliIIJ;eBbIX KIICJ10T.
ITo BHeIJ.IHeM)' BHJl,Y nOBII,w:IO Jl,On)KHO npeJl,CTaBlliITb C060H oJl,HopOp,
Hyro npoTeprylO Maccy, 003 CeMHH, CeMeHHbIX rHC3Jl" KOCTO'leK, HenpO.
TepTbIX KYCO'lKOB KOJKliUbI.
KOHCIICTeHIUUI Jl,rUl nOBIIMa pac4>aCOBaHHOrO B CTeKJUIHHyIO, )KCCTJIHylO
Tapy II 6o'lKH:
H3 ceMe'lKOBbIX nnOJl,OB, JlTOJl, 8 CMeCH nnOnOB II MOJJ;, TbIKBbl - rYCTaJI
Ma)K}'IIJ;aJICH Macca;
,w:IJI nOBH;:oIa 113 KOCTO'lKOBblX nnOJl,OB - Ma)l(flli.aJICJI Macca;
Jl,JIJI nOBII,w:I8 113 CeMe'lKOBbIX II KOCTO'lKOBbIX nnOJl,OB, pac4>acomumoro
B JIIIJ;HKH II nOJIHMepHyIO Tapy - nnOTHaJI Macca, COXPaJUlIOlQaJI O'lep'leH-
HbIC rpaHH npll pa3pe3amrn ee HO)KOM.
UBCT nOBH;:oIa Jl,On)KeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb ltBeTY nnOJl,OB. )J.rlJI nOBH;:oIa
H3 nnOJl,OB CO CBeTnOH MHKOTblO Jl,onYCKaIOTCJI CBeTnO-KOpH'IHCBbIe OTTeH-
KH, a H3 nnOJl,OB C TCMHOH MHKOTblO - 6ypOBaTbIC.
BKyC - KHcnoBaTo-cnaJl,KHH, CBOHCTBeIDIbrn nnOJl,aM HmI IIX CMeCII,
H3 KOTOpblX 83rOTOBneHO nOBH;:oIo, 3anax - C apoMaToM nnOJl,OB.
3acaxapllBaIDie nOBH;:oIa He JJ;onycKaeTCH.
MaCCOBaH Jl,Ollil cyxHX BelQeCTB no pecppaKTOMerpy Jl,on)I(Ha 6bITb e Me-
Hee 66%, 06lQaJI MaCCOBaJI Jl.OlliI caxapa, BbIpa)KeHllaJI B IDmepTHoM caxape,
He MeHee 60%. MaccoBaH nOllil TBepJl,bIX MHHepaJThHbIX npllMcccH (nccKa)
HC 60nee 0,05%, 061l\aH KHcnOTHOCTb B nepeC'leTC lIa H6no'lH}'lO KHcnory -
0,2-1,0%.
,lJ;:>KCM nnOJJ;OBO-MOJl,Hbrn (faCT 7009-88) 113roTaBmmaIOT 113 nno-
JJ;OB, MOJl, WIH Jl,bIllli, YBapeIDIbIX c caxapOM Jl,O )KcnC06pa3Horo COCTOHHHH,
C )106aBncHHeM IfJ1H 6C3 )106aBneIDiJI )KCffilPYIOIl\IIX COKOB IfJ1H lIHll\CBOrO
neKTHHa. _
B 38BIICIIMOCTII OT cnoc06a 113rOTOBneHIUI )1)KeM Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT cTepH-
n830BaHHbIM II HCCTepHJ1H30BaHHbIM.
B 38BIICHMOCTII OT Ka'lCCTBeIDIbIX nOKa3aTeIIeH )1)KeM BbmycKaIOT BbIC-
ll1HM II ncpBbIM COpTOM.
):bKCM, 113rOTOBnCIllibrn 83 cynbcpHTHpOBaHHbIX nn0)10B WIn Hron, a TaK-
)I(f paccpaCOBaHHbIH B 60'lKII, OQeH1IBaIOT He BbIIlJC, 'leM ncpBblM COpTOM.
MaCCOBaH goml cyxnx Bell\6CTB (no pecppaICTOMeTpy) B CTCpH1IH30-
BaHHOM )1)KCMe gon)J(Ha 6bITb He MeHee 68%, B HecTepIDIH30BaIDIOM )1)KeMe -
70%, MaCCOBaJI gonJI CaxapOB, Bhlp8)l(CIDIaJI B HHBepTHOM caxape: B cTepH-
nll30BaIlliOM lJ.)KeMe HC MeHee 62%, B HecTcpHffil30BaHHOM lJ.)KeMe - 65%.
ITo BHeIJ.IHeM)' BH,D;y II KOHC8CTeHIUIH lJ.)KeM - )Kene06pa3HaH, Ma)K}'-
IQaHCH Macca HenpoTcpTbIX nnogoB H Hrog, He paCTCKalOIIJ;aJICJI no rOpH30H-
T81IbHOH nOBepXHOCTH. ,nonycKaeTcH MeJl,JIeIDIoe paCTCKaHHC MaCCbI Ha ro-
pH30HT8JIbHOH nOBcpXHOCTII gIIJI 1J,)KeMa: nepBoro copTa - H3 Bcex BHJl,OB
MogOB II Hrog; BbIcwero copra - a6pHKOCOBoro, 3eMJIJIHH'lHOro (Kny6-
HH'lHOro), 1J,bllIHoro, BHwHeBoro, MaJlliHOBOrO, e)KeBII'lHOrO, 'lCpHH'IHOrO,
KJIIOKB, eIDIoro 6pYCHll'lliOrO, cpeiixoa, cpH3aJIHCa. 3aCaXapHBaHHC He gonye-
KaeTCH. 3anax - cBoiicTBCHHbIH nIIoJl,aM HJllI JIrOJl,aM, H3 KOTOpbIX H3rOTOB-
nCH 1J,)KCM. BKYC - cnanKHH WIll KHcnocnaJJ:KHH. )J.rlH ):CKcMa ncpBoro copra
JJ;onycKaCTCJI BKyC H 3anax cna6ee BbIpa)K:::HHbIC, a TaK)KC HaJlli'IHC ncrKoro
npHBKyca KapaMcIIH30BaHllOro caxapa. UBeT - OgHOPOJl,HbIii, COOTBCTCTBYIO-
unill QBCTY MonOB H JIrOn, H3 KOTOpbIX H3rOTOBnCH 1J,)KCM. )J.rlH 1J,)KcMa
H3 nnOJl,OB II Hrop; co cBeTIIoii MJIKOTblO - CBeTnO-KOpH'lHCBbIii onCHOK.
Y nepBom copTa 1J.]IH nnogoB II JIrog co CBCTIIOll MHKOTblO - KOpH'lHeBbIC OT-
TCHKH, a Jl,JIJI nnOnOB H JIroJJ; C TeMHoll MHKOTblO - 6YPOBaTble oneHKH.
).])KCM CTCpH1IH30BaHHbrn XpaHJIT rrpll 0 + 20°C, HCCTCpH1IH30BaHHbIll
10 + 15° e, nOBH)])IO - 0 +20° e.
1l0crynalOT 3TH np01J.YKThI paccpaCOBaHHbIMH B MeTaJUIH'lCCKHC 6aHKII
II gCPCBmIHblC 6o'lKH, nOBHJl,JIO MQ)KeT 6bITb B HlQHKax.
ITOBH,D;IIO H 1J,)KeM XpaIDIT B cyxnx, XOpOIiiO BCHTH1IHPYCMbIX nOMe-
WCHHHX npH TCMrreparypc OT 0 no 20°C. I10BIIJl,JI0 ncpcJl, yrroTpe6ncHHeM
npoTHpalOT 'lepC3 CHTO C pa3McpOM WIeeK HC 60nec 3 MM.
. BHHOrpaJl, cylIIcHbrn (faCT 6883-69) B XJIC60rrCKapHOM npOH3BonCTBe
rrpllMCHHIOT cnenYlOll\HX COpTOB: COJITy, ca63Y, 6CnOH II IIIHraHH, T. C. H310M
H3 6eCCeMJIHHblX COpTOB BHHOrpaJl,a. IToKa3aTcnH Ka'leCTBa :nux COpTOB
BIDIOrpaJl,a npHBenCHbI B TaM. 15.
B BHHorpaJJ:e cyrneHoM HC nonycKaIOTCJI: HrOJl,bI 3arnHBIIIHC H nOpa)KeH-
HblC aM6apHblMH BpC1J,J-ITCnHMH; rrpH3HaKII crrnpToBoro 6pmKeHIIH II rrnecc-
HH, BIIJl.HMble HC Boop}')KeIDIblM rIIa30M; HaccKoMbIC, Bpc1J.HTenH, IIX nH-
1JHHKH H KYKonKH; MCraJillOnpHMccH, nCCOK, oll\Yll\aeMbIii opraHoIIcnTH-
'lCCKH H gpyrHc nocTopOHHHC npllMecII, OCTaTO'lHbIC KOnH'lCCTBa HJl,OXHMH-
KaTOB CBCpX HOpM, nonycKaCMbIX MHHHcTepcTBoM 3gpaBOOXpaHCHHH eeep.
H310M rrcpen ynoTpe6ncHHcM 01JHwalOT OT BCTO'lCK II oT6HpalOT nOCTO-
pommc npCnMeTbI, npOMbIBalOT B BOJl,C npH TCMIICpaTYpc OKono 40° e.
1.12. OPEXH .
OpCXH B XJIe60neKapHoM npoH3BogcTBc npHMCHJIIOT B 01JHIIJ;eHHoM,
gp06nCHHOM BH.D;e 1J.]IH OTncnKII nOBcpXHoCTH HeKoTopblX H3.D;eIIHH.
34
2*
35
l' a 6 JI II I! a 15
OpraoonenTH'leCKHe H aeKoTopbIC $U3HKO-XHMlI'ieCKlIe nOKa3aTCJIIf
If310Ma 6ecceMHHHbIx COpTOB BlmorpaWl
XapaKTepHCTlIK8
H HOpMbI no copTaM
HaHMeHOBaHHe
nOK838TeneH
COHI'H
ca633 COJIHeifli8H
ca63a WT86eJIbHIIJI
6e,o;OHa
WHI'aHH
BhIC-
WHit
BTOpOH
BTOpOH
BbIClIIHH
BTOpOH BbIC-
wIDi:
BTOpOH BbICIIIHH
BTOpOH
IJ;BeT
CBeTnO-3cne- CBeTno- CBCTnO- OT CDeT- Kopllq-
HbIn 3eJleHbIfi KOpH'IHC- nO-KO- HeBa-
C )l(CJ1TO- BbIn pll'IHC- Tbln
BaTbIM BOro 110 pa3-
OTTeH- KOPllq- HbIX QT-
KOM HCBoro TeHKOB
OT CBeT- OT CBeT- OT 30- Kopll'l- EypbrH CHHeBaTO- CHHeBa-
nO-3CJ1e- JlO-3cne- nOTIiC- HeBbln pa3HbIX 'IepHblil C npll- TO-'Iep-
Horo 110 Horo 110 Toro 110 C 6y- OTTeH- MCCblO KpaCHOBa- HbIil C
30nOTHC- 30nOTlIC- CBeTno- pbIM OT- KOB TbIX HrOI1 B % (no KpaClIO-
Toro TOro C KOPllq- TCHI<OM C'IeTY) , HC 60ncc BaTbIM
)l(enTOBa- HeBoro 7 15 OTTeH-
TbIM OT- KOM
TCHKO M
6C3 nocTopoHHero npHBKyca II 3anaxa
19,0 19,0 19,0 17,0 17,0 17,0 18,0 18,0 18,0
10 8 6 10 8 6 13 10 7
1 2 3 2 5 1 2 5
BKYC II 3anax Cnap;KO-KYlCnbrH,
MaccoBaH 110M BJiarn, %, Hc 19,0 19,0 19,0 19,0 19,0 19,0
60ncc
Pa3Mcp Hrol1 no Hall60nblI1CMY 10 8 6 10 8 6
Jl,HaMeTpy B MM, He MeHCc
ro,o;bl MeHblI1cro pa3Mcpa B % 3 6 3 5 8
(no CqeTY), He OOnec
36
, 37
I1cnOIIb3YIOT: m:lpa MHH,I]a.JUI CIIaAKOrO (fOCT 16831-71), HApa rpel.{-
Koro opexa (faCT 16833 -71) , HApa 4>YH)J,yKa (faCT 16835 -81) .
OpeXH ynaKoBbmalOT ruIOTHO B 4>aHepHble HIllHKIf no faCT 10131-78
MaCCOH HeTTO 25 Kr mIll 1f3 ro4>PlfpomuIHoro KapToHa no faCT 13511-84
MaCCOH HeTTO AO 20 Kr. Tapa AOIDKHa 6bITb l.{eIIoH, KpenKoH, 'lliCTOH, CYXOH,
He 3apa:>KeHHOH BpeAlfTeIIHMIf, 6e3 nOCTopomrnx 3anaxOB.
,lJ,r1H :nOH :>Ke l.{eIIH IfcnOIIb3yroT apaxn:c (606bI) - faCT 17112-71.
KaqeCTBO opexoB HopMlfpyeTcH no TaKHM nOK83aTeIIHM KaK BHelll-
HIfH BM, nOJUlOTa pa3BIfTIfH, Macca H):{pa, Bna)!(JfOCTb, 3acopeHHocTb,
KOnH'JeCTBO nOMaHbIX H ropbKHX HAep, HanH'llie H):{ep, nOBpe)l(,!J;eHHblx
BpeAllTenHMH, nnecHeBenblx, HAep HeJJ;opa3BIfTblX, nporopKnblx. He Aonyc-
KaeTCH HaJIH'llie BpeAlfTeIIeH.
OpeXH KelllblO ynaKoBbIBalOT B HlW'IKH AepeBHHHbJe WIll 4>aHepHbJe
H A:>K}'ToBble MeIlIKIf. Tapa Aon)!(Jfa 6bITb l.{eIIOH, KpenKoH, 'lIICTOll, CYXOH,
He3apa:>KeHHOH BpeAlfTeIIHMIf, 6e3 nocTopoHHIIX 3anaxOB. JIApa - LUJeTa
CIIOHOBOH KOCTH, BnCl)!(JfOCTb - 3-5%, co):{ep:>KaHHe )KJJpa - 45-62%.
llpooo/11KeIJue To6/1. 16
HaHMeHOBaHHe nOKa3aTelIeH
XapaKTepHCTHKa H HOPMbI
1.13. nPHHOCTH
Hanlf'IHe Hc/:(03penblx (3cneHbIx) nnonOB. %.
He GoJlec
HaJIHqlle nOBpe)l(,lJ;eHHbIX ITJIonOB, %, He 60Jlee
MaCCOBaH /:(OJlJl MCTannOManIllTHblX npllMccelt
(c pa3McpOM 'IaCTlIU He 60Jlec 0,3 MM B Hall-
OOnLlI1eM JllIHCfuJoM pacwlIpeHlIlI) , Mr Ha 1 Kr
npop;yKTa
JJ:onYCKaeTCH 3arOTOBKa If nOCTaBKa nOTeMHeBIlIHX ruIOAOB, nOTepHB-
II1HX Bcne):{CTBHe He6narOnpHHTHbIX YCIIOBIfH y60pKH HJIH XpaHeHHH CBOM
eCTecTBeHHblH BH,I].
TMHH (OCT 18-37-71) - BblcymeHHble, 3peJIble ruIO,[(b1 AByxCeMJIHKH
ABYXJIeTllero pacTeffilH, nplfMeHHIOT B KaqeCTBe npmmcrn.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Ha3HaqeHHH TMlfH BblIIycKaIOT l.{eJIblM H B IYIOJIOTOM
BH,I]e.
OpraHOJIenTH'leCKHe H 4>H3IfKO-XHMHqeCKlfe nOKa3aTenlf KaqeCTBa
nplfBe):{eHbI B Ta6JI. 17,
3,0
3,0
10.0
KOplfaHAP (OCT 18-38-71) - CJIY:>KIfT )J)UI apoMarn3alUIIf yny'lIlleHHbIX
Blf):{OB XJIe6a.
no KaqeCTBY KOplfaHAP ):{on:>KeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb Tpe60BaHHRM, YKa-
3aJIHbIM B ra6JI. 16.
Ta6J1l1ua 17
OpriIHoncnTWiCCKHC If q,lf311KD-XHMH'ICCKIIC nOKa3aTClIH
Kjl'leCTBa TMlIHB
HaHMeHOBaHlfe nOKa3aTelIeH
XapaKTepHCTHKa If HOpMbI
Ta6J1l1ua 16
u;enblH
MonOTbIM
BI!elI1HlIi1 BlIn H UBCT
nJlOJJ:blnpO/:(OlIronaTO-
OBaJIbHOil cpOpMbI (P;JlH-
Ila 3-8 MM, wlIpllHa 1
2 MM); KOpll'lHCBOrO
UBeTa C 6ypoBaTo-3eJle-
HOBaTblM OTTeHKOM
}i(ry'll!J:I. ropbKoBaTo-npHHblil, CBo!1CT-
BeI!HbIfi TMHHY, 003 nOCTopOHHIIX npll-
BKyca II 3anaxa
12,0
2.0
8.0
2.5
nOpOlI1KooG-
pa3HbIJ:I npo.
AYKT KOpll'l-
HeBoro UBeTa
cIJII3IfKQ-XllMII'leCKHe II opraHOncnTH'ICCKHC nOK83aTeJIH KOplfaHp;pa
HalfMCHODaHHC nOKa3aTelIeH
XapaKTCpHCTHK8 H HOpMbI
BHCWI! 11M BII/:( If UBeT
nnO)J;bI WapOBlfAHoil cpOpMbi C npo/:(onb-
HbIMH BbIAaIOll(lIMlICJI 113BlIJIlICTbIMlI pe6-
pbllI1KaMlI l1HaMeTpoM OT 2 /:(0 5 MM;
)l(enTOBaTo-KpeMoBoro uneTa
npHHblil, apOMaTll'IHbII1. cBoilCTBeHHbIti
KOpllaH,o;PY, Ge3 nOCTopoHHero npllBKYca
If 3anaxa
BKYC II 3anax
MaCCOBaH /:(OJl51 BJ1arn. %, He 60nee
MaCCOBaH /:(OJIH 3<lJHpHOrO Macna, %, Hc MeHee
MaCCOB;lH /:(OJ1H 0611(eJ:l 30nbI. %. HC 60nee
MaCCOB;I>I /:(0J151 npllMecell, %, He Gonec
B TOM 'IlICJle:
O'tJrdnll'leCKlIe. %. lIe 60ncc
MHHepaJIbHbIC. %, He 60nec
HaJlII'IHe paCKonoTbIX nno,o;oB (nOJlOBIIHOK).
% He 60nce
12,0
0.5
6,0
3.0
2,5
0,5
5,0
MaCCOBaH nOJlJl Bnarn. %, He GoJlee.
MaCCOBaH )J;OJlH 3cpllpHoro Macna. %, He MeHec
MaCCOBaH )J;OJlH 06ructi 30Jlbl. %. He 60nee
MaccoBaH nOJlJl nOCTOpOHHI1X npllMecelt. %.
He 60 Jlce
B TOM 'lHCne:
opraHlltleCKlIX, %. HC 60Jlee
MlIHepaJ1bHbIX. %. He 60Jlee
Hanll'IHe nOBpe>K,QeHHbLX nJlO/:(OB TMlIHa. %.
HC Gonee
KpYITHOCTb nOMona: CXo,o; C ClITa N2 095. %. He
GoJlCC
npoxo/:( 'Iepe3 CHTO NQ 045. %. He MeHce
MaccoBaH /:(onH MeTannonpHMeccti. Mr/lKr.
He Gonec
12,0
2.0
8.0
Janax
2.0
0.5
2.0
2.0
10.0
80.0
10.0
38
39
ThIomI aHllca (rOCT 18315-78) P;omKHbI 6bITb 3peJIbIMJi, B 3P;OpOBOM,
HerpeIOl..I.(eMCH COCTOJIHHM, HMeTb 3eJIeHOBaTo-cepbIH lUieT H apOMaTH'IeC-
KHll: 3anax, CBoHcTBeHHbrn HOpMaJIbHbIM 1UI0AaM.
MaccoBaH P;OM BJIarH He 60JIee 13%, 3qmpHOMaCJlli'IHOH npHMecH
P;aHHoro paCTeHHH - 8%, MaCCOBaJ:! JJ;OJIJI COpHOll: npHMecH p;onycKaeTCJI 3%,
3<PnpoMaCJ1H'IHaJ:! npHMecb JJ;pyrnx paCTeIllIll: He p;onYCKaeTCJI.
KopHaHp;p, TMHH H aHllC IIepep; IIOAa'ieH Ha IIpOH3BOP;CTBO IIpoceHBaIOT:
KopmUlp;p - 'iepe3 CHTO C KpyrJIbIM oTBepcrueM 2,0-2,5 MM, TMHH _
1,5 MM, aHHC - 5,0 MM. TIpH YIIOTpe6JIemrn TMJiHa, aHHca H KOpHaH)J;pa B
3aBapKY HJIH B TecTO HX MO>KHO IIpep;BapHTeJIbHO JJ;p06HTb. D.p06JIeHHe pe.
KOMeHA)'eTCH BeCTH IIOPLmOHHO, Tal< KaI< IIPH H3JIHlllHe )J;JIHTeJIbHOM XpaHe-
IllIH H3MeJIb'ieHHOH MaCCbI 3aIIax HC'ie3aeT.
K)'H)K}'T (mCT 12095 -76) B 3aBHCHMOCru OT L03eTa IIoJJ;pa3p;emuoT
Ha THIIbI: I - 6eJIbrn rum C KpeMoBbIM oTTeHKoM; II - )KeJITO-KOpH'IHeBbIll:
ruIH 6ypbrn pa3HbIX oTTeHKoB; III - 'iepHbIH.
CeMeHa K)'H)K}'Ta, IIOCTaBJIHeMbIe )IJIH npOMbIIllJIeHHOH IIepepa60TKH,
P;OJI>KHbI COOTBeTCTBOBaTb Ka'ieCTBeHHbIM IIoKa3aTeJIHM, IIpHBep;eHHbIM B
Ta6JI. 18.
CeMHH OWIoro THIIa JJ;OJI>KHO 6bITb He Menee 85%, lIHa'ie IIpoJJ;YKT onpep;e-
JIHeTCH KaK CMeCb TImOB (c YKa3alllieM COCTaBa B IIpOIJ;enTax).
B XJIe60IIeKapHoM IIPOH3BOJJ;CTBe IIpHMeHJIIOT THII I - ro.ny60M.
MaK MaCJIII'IHbIH, ornycKaeMhlIf IIepepa6aThIBa!{)I..I.(HM IIpe.o;IIpHHTHHM,
JJ;OIDKeH COOTBeTCTBOBaTh KaqeCTBeHHbIM IIoKa3aTeJIHM, IIpHBe.o;eHHbIM B
Ta6JI. 19.
Ta6J1lfua 19
\IJl!311KO-XHMH'lCCKlIC nOKa3aTcnll Ka'lCCTBa MaCJllI'IHOro MaKa
HaUI\1eHOnaHHC nOKa3aTcnen
r
HopMa
MaccoBaH /..IOllil Bnarn. %. I-Ie MeHee
MaccoBaH /..IOnH COpI-IOti If MacnWIHOH rrpUMcccti
(CYMMapHO). %, He 60JIcc
B TO M tIllCJle:
COpHoti
CeM5IH 6eJlellbI
3apa)l(el-IHOCTL BpC/..llfTCJlHMlI XJ1C6HLIX 3arraCOB
11,0
15.0
COAep)l(aHlIC ceMHH KJ1eruCBlIHbI
3,0
0.1
He /..IOrrycKaeTcH, KpOMC 3apa-
)l(eHHOCTlI KJ1eruOM He BbIIllC
II CTerr Clm
Hc /..IorrycKaeTcH
TaGnllua 18
MaCCOBaH /..IOnH BJlarll, %, I-Ie GOJlee
MaccoBaH /..IOJlH copHofi II MaCJ1l1'IHoti rrpllMecell
(CYMMapllaH), %. HC 60nce
B TOM tIllCJ1e:
copllofi
3apa)l(eHHOCTb BpeAlITeJlHMlI XJleGHbIx 3arraCOB
9,0
15,0
CeMena MaKa JJ;OJI>KHbI 6bI11> He IIPOp9CIIIHMJi, HMeTh UBeT II 3anax,
CBOHCTBeHHbIe nOpMaJIbnhIM ceMeHaM MaKa- (6e3 3aTXJIOrO, IIJIeCneBeJIOrO
H p;pyrHx IIOCTopomillX 3anaXOB) .
CeMeHa MaKa ynaKoBbIBaIOT B 'lHCTbIe, cyxne, He 3apaJ!(eHHbIe Bpe,I:\M-
TeJIJIMll XJIe6UbIX 3anaCOB H He HMe!{)II!He IIOCTopomillX 3anaXOB MeIllI-."H
IIO mCT 18228-85 H rOCT 19317-73.
CeMeHa K)'H)K}'Ta H MaKa IIepeJJ; nyCKOM Ha npOlI3BOJJ;CTBO npoceHBa-
!{)T 'iepe3 CHTO C pa3MepoM H'ieeK 2-2,5 MM, a 3aTeM npOMbIBaIDT BOP;OH
Ha clue C pa3MepOM JI'ieeK He 60JIee 0,5 MM.
BammlIH (rOCT 16599-71) IIOJIY'IaIOT cIIHTeru'ieCKH H IIpeJJ;cTaBJIJIeT
c060ll: 6eJIbIH ruLl-I 6JIe.o;HO-JKeJITbIH IIOpOlUOK HrOJIh'IaThIX KpIICTaJIJIOB, 06-
JIaAa!{)Il!HX BaHHJIhHbIt-1 3anaXOM. I1JIaBHTCJI IIpH 80,5 _82 0 C. PacTBopHeT-
CJI B Bop;e IIPH TeMTIeparype 80 0 C B COOTHOlliemIH 1 :20 H AaeT IIp03pa'll-IbIH
6eClUieTHbrn pacTBop.
COJJ;epJI<aHHe' BaHIIJIHHa B IIopolliKe P;OJI>KHO 6bITh 99%, 30JIbI - 0,05%.
BaHHJIIIH ynaKoBbIBaIOT B IIOJIH3T1UIeHOBbIe MeIIIKu, KOTophIe BKJIa,ru,I-
BaIOT B MeTaJlJIH'ieCKUe OOHI-."H H3 6eJIOH )Kecru MaccoH HeTTO 0,25-50 Kr.
KpbIllIKH 6aHoK 3aKaTbIBaIOT Ha 3aKaTO'IHOH MallilIHe.
He p;oIIycKaeTcH IIepeB03UTh BaHlUIIIH B BarOHax HJIH aBTOIvIallilIHaX
BMeCTe C IIpop;yKTaMll co CIIeLm<pW-1eCKHM 3aIIaXOM.
B COOTBeTCTBHM C "YKa3aHUHMll K peIJ;eIIrypaM Ha XJIe606YJIO'IHhIe
U3p;ellifJI IIO B3aHM03aMeHJIeMOCT!I ChlPhJI" BMeCTO 1 r BaHIDIHHa MOJKeT
6bITh HCIIOJIh30BaH apOBaHHJIOH B KOJIH'ieCTBe 0,25 r YJIU 3TIDIBaIUUIHH,
BaHMon.
\IJl!3l1KO-XHMII'leCKHC nOKa3aTenll Ka'lCCTBa KYH)I(YTa
HallMCl-JOBaHlIC rrOKa3aTeJlefi
HopMa
CO/..lep)l(aHlIe ceMHH KJlCllteBlIHbI
3,0
Hc /..IOrrycKacTCH. KpOMe 3apa)l(eH-
HOCTII KJleruOM He BLIIlIe II CTe-
rrCHlI
He AorrycKaCTC5I
CeMeHa KYH)K}'Ta P;OJI>KHbI 6bITh HerpeIOIltUMJiCJI, B 3P;OpOBOM COCTOH-
mrn, HMeTh IJ;BeT H 3anaX, CBOIfCTBeHHbIe HOpMaJIhUbIM ceMeHaM K)'H)K}'Ta
(6e3 3aTXJIOrO, lUIeCHeBeJIoro H p;pyrHx nOCTOpOHHHX 3anaXOB).
CeMeHa K)'H)K)TTa ynal<t>BbIBaIOT B 'llICThIe, CYXHe, He 3apa)KeHHhle Bpe-
,I:\MTeJIHMH XJIe6HbIX 3anaCOB H He HMeIOIltHe IIOCTOpOHHero 3anaxa MelliKH no
rOCT 18225-72 II rOCT 19317-73.
MelliKH C CeMeHaMJi KYH)KYTa XpaHJIT B 'lHCThIX, cyxux, 6e3 IIOCTOpoHHe-
ro 3anaxa, He 3apa)KeHHbIX Bpe}];HTeJIHMH XJIe6UbIX 3arraCOB CKJIap;ax.
MaK MaCllif'lH.bIH (rOCT 12094-76) p;eJIHT Ha TPH nma: 1- rOJIy60H
(rOJIy60BaTO-cephIH H cepo-rOJIy60H); II - 6eJIbrn (6em,rn H )KeJITbIH);
III - 6YPO-KOpH'IHeBbIH (6ypbrn, 6ypo-KOpH'Il!eBbIH H KOpH'IHeBbIH).
40
41
ApOBaHHJIOH HMeeT: 6eJIbIH C >KeJITOBaTbIM OTTeHKOM [!BeT, 3anax
BaHHJIHHa 6e3 nOCTopOHHero 3anaxa. TIo KOHCHCTeHIUrn - JTO MeJIKHU KpHC-
TaJ1JIH'IeCKHH nopOlliOK. TeMnepaTypa nnaBJIemUI - 73-74 0 C.
BaHHJ1HH HJIH apOBaHHJIOH HCnOJIb3YlOT B BHD,e BOJJ;HOH cycneH3HH npH
COOTHOllieHHH apOMaTH3aTOpa H BOnbI 1 :20 HJ1H 0,25720 COOTBeTCTBeHHO
HJIH cnHpToBoro pacTBopa npH COOTHOlliemrn apOMaTI13aTOpa H cnHpTa
1 :0,5 HJIli 0,25 :0,5 COOTBeTCTBeHHO. .uonycKaeTcH pacXOnOBaTb BaHHJ1HH B
CYXOM BHAe.
KOpHWl (OCT 18-278-76) - BblcYllieHHaH Kopa KOpH'IHOrO nepeBa.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT npoHCxo>K,D;eHHH CbIpbH KOpHIJy pa3JIH'IaIOT: eHJIOH-
CKYIO, HBCKYIO, KHTaHCKYW, BbeTHaMCKYIO, HH)J,HMCKYIO.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Ha3Ha'leHHH KOpHI.{)' BbmycKaIOT B naJIO'IKax HJ1H
MOJIOTaU.
TIoKa3aTeJIH Ka'leCrna npHBeneHbl B Ta6JI. 20.
HaHMeHOBaHHe
nOKa3aTeneH
OpraHOJlenTH'leCKlle II «lJ1I311Ko-XJIMH'leCKYle nOKa3aTeJlll Ka'lCCTBa KOplI bl
l' a 6 n H II: a 20
MaCCOBaJ! 1J.OnH naJlO'leK C BlIl1IIMOtt
nOBepxHoCTHoil nJicceHbJO, %, He 60-
Jlee
KpYllHOCTb nOMona:
MaccoBM ,o;Om! CX01J.a C ClITa C pa3Mc-
pOM CTOpoHbI H'IettKlI B CBeTY 0,95 MM,
%, He Gonee
MaccOBaJI ,o;Om! npoxoJJ;a 1IepC3 ClITO C
pa3McpOM CTOpOHbI HtICilKII B CBeTY
0,45 MM, %, Hc MeHee
MaccoBaJ! 110m! q,epporrpllMcceil
(pa3Mep 1IaCTIIU 110 0,3 MM B Hall-
60JlblI1eM nllHeHHOM H3McpeHlIH).,
MrHaKr,HC Gonec
MaCCOBa51 110nH 3«lJHpHoro Macna,
%, He MCHee
MaCCOBaH j:\onJ! 0511(ett 3OnbI, %, HC
Gonee
MaCCOBaH 110nJI 30nbI HepaCTBopH-
Mott B 10% conHHoil KIICJlOTbi, %,
He OOJlee
HaHMeHOBaHHe
nOKa3aTeneH
UeHnOHCKalI
H JlBcKalI
XapaKTepHCTlIKa H HOpMbI
KHTaiicKalI
/l.n.R KOpUIjbl e nallO Kax
naJlOtIKII B Bllne naJlO'lKlI. HC
Tpy60'leK, rna1J.- O'lHll(eHHbIC
KlIe, O'llllI1CH- OT HapY)I(HOrO
IIble OT HapY)I(- cnon
Horo CJ10n
BlIelI1lIlIfi BlIn
tiBeT
CBeTno-
KOpH'IHCBbIil
KOpll1J!ICBbIti
pa3H bIX
OTTCHKOB
BbernaMCKaH
I1IIgHHCKaH
llpoiJo.llJl(el/ue To6JL 20
XapaKTepHCTHKa H HOpMbI
UeiinoHcKaH KHTaHCK8JI BbernaMCKaH
H JlBcKaH l1H,rnriicKBH
3,0 5,0 5.0
2,0 2,0 2,0
80,0 80,0 80,0
10,0 10,0 10,0
0,5 0,5 0,5
5,0 5,0 5,0
1,0 1,0 1,0
3cceHIurn apmvtaTH'IeCKHe mUl(eBble (OCT 18-103-84) B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT Ha3Ha'leHIDI nOnpa3nenHIOT Ha CJIenywunre BH)J,bI: JCCeHIUrn )J,JIH KOH)J,H-
yepCKHX H3nemlli, 3cceHIurn )J,JIR. 6e3aJIKOrOJIbHbIX HallHTKOB, 3cceHIUrn
)J,JIH Ta6a'lHbLX H3nemrn.
B XJIe60ne'lemrn HCnOJIb3YlOT 3cceHIUrn, npeJJ;Ha3Ha'leHHble )J,JIH KOH-
)J,HTepcKoro npOH3BOACTBa.
B 3aBHCHMocni OT COCTaBa 3cceHIUrn pa3neJIHIOTCH Ha: 3cceHu;HH, H3ro-
TOBJIeHIIble H3 CHHTeTH'IeCKHX nYlllHCTbIX BeIl.(eCTB H 3QJHpHbIX Macen; H3-
rOTOBneHIIhle H3 CMHTeTH'IeCKHX }JyIIillCTbIX BeIl.(ecTB, 3clmpHblx MaCeJI, CH-
ponoB, 3KCTpaKTOB HJIH HaCToeB HarypaJIbHOrO CbIpMI.
BHellllU1H BH,D" LtBeT H 3anax JcceHlUlli onpeneJUIIOT 110 rOCT 14618.
0-78.
3cceHu;HH apOMaTH'IeCKHe rrHIl.(eBhle XpaHHT B 3aKpblTblX, 3aTeMHeHIIbIX
rrOMeIl.(eHHJIX npH TeMneparype He BbDlle 25 0 C.
nanO'lKH lI1epo-
XOBaTbIC, HC
O'llllllCHHblC
OT HapY)l(HOro
cnOH
KOpll'lHCBblfi
C cepOBaTblM
OTTCIIKOM
JI./lJi KOpU Ijbl MOIlOTOU.
CJlanKOBaTo-rrpHHblc, cBoiiCTBCHHb!e Kopllue, MC-
Hce Bblpa)l(CHHbIe Y KlITattcKoi1 II BbCTllaMcKotl,
6C3 rrOCTopOHHcro 3anaxa H npllBKYca; nOp01I10I(
KOpH'IHeBOI'O UBCTa pa3Hb!X OTTCHKOB
Bkyc II 3arrax
MaCCOBaH nonn Bnarll, %, He Gonce:
nJiH KOpHUbI B rranOtIKax
MOJlOTOti
TOJllllllHa KOpb!. MM. He 60Jlec
.J],nHHa naJlOtICK, CM, IIC Gonce
MaCCOBaH nonn nanO'leK MeHce 10 CM,
%, He 60ncc
13,5
12.5
3,0
10,0
5,0
42
13,5
12.5
5.0
10.0
5.0
1.14. XJ1EEOnEKAPHbIE YJIY'lIIIHTEJIH
13.5
12.5
7.0
10.0
3.0
cDepMeHTHble nperrapaTbI Bhlpa6aThIBaloT B BH,D,e rrOpOlliKOB CBeTJIO-
ceporo HJIH cBemo.6e>KeBOrO LtBeTa C MaCCOBOH nOJIeH BJIarH He 60nee 13%
(rmoKOaMHJIa3bI O'IHIl.(eHIIOU - He 60JIee 8%). TIpenapaTbl paCTBOpHMbI B
BOne. TIpH paCTBopemrn norrYCKaeTCjJ BbIl1a)J.elllie He3Ha'IHTeJIbHOrO KOJIH-
qeCTBa ocap;J<a. KOJIHqeCTBO 6aKTepHaJIbHOH MHKpoclmopbl He nomKHO rrpe.
BhIIlIaTb 1.10 5 KonoHHM Ha 1 r npenapaTa.
43
lIpenapaTbI 4>aCYIOT B 'lliCTbIe J:Q3oih-IbIe MelIlI<H H3 nOJ1H3THJIeHOBOii
IUIeHKH no fOCT 10354-82 lUlli MelliKH nOJ1M3THJIeHOBbIe no fOCT 17811-
78 MaccoM HeTTO j1,0 10 Kr C nocneTJ,yloIl\eii ynaKoBKoii B lIIl\nKH j1,OIl\aTbIe
j1,JUI TOBapoB ID:!Il\eBOH npOMbIlIDIeHHOCTH no faCT 13360-84 MaCCOH HeT-
TO j1,0 15 KL lIOJ1H3TMneHoBble MelllKM CBapHBaIi)T,
AMHIIOpH3HH lIlOx (OCT 64-037-87) nony'IaIOT npM nOBepXHocrnoM
KynbTHBMpoBaJum rpH6a Aspergillus oryzae. AMHnoIDITIilJeCKa5I aKTHBHOCTh
(Ac) aMllnOpM3HHa lIlOx - He MeHee 2000 ej1,., ocaxapHBaIOIl\aJI (OC).-
He MeHee 10000 ej1,., rrpOTeOIDITHtJeCKaJI (TIC) - He Gonee 30 ej1,. Ha 1 r npe-
napaTa. OmMMaJThHbIe ycnOBHlI j1,eiicTBHlI: pH 4,7-5,4 M TeMIIeparypa -
40-45° C.
AMHJIOcy6mlliIH flOx (OCT 59-11-72) nOJ1)"UUOT IIPH rny6HHHoM
KynhTHBHpoBamm: Bacillus subtilis. <DepMeHTaTHBHaH aKTHBHOCTh, ej1,/r npe-
rrapaTa, He MeHee AC-3000, IIC-9 ej1,. OnTHMaJIhHbIe ycnOBHlI j1,eUCTBHlI npe-
napaTa - pH-6,0-6,3, TeMIIepaTypa - 50-55°C.
fmoKOaMHlIa3a O'IHIl\eHHaR (TY 59.01.003.65-83). TIpenapaT nony-
tJ'lJOT TIPH rny6HHHoM KynhTHBHpOBaHMll Aspergillus .awamory C <pepMeHTa-
TIlBHOii aKTlillHOCThIO j1,rUI nepBoH rpYlIIIhI KaqeCTBa: fnC- He MeHee 2000
(+300, - 100), AC - He MeHee 30, lIC - He GoJ1ee 15, j1,JI1I BTOpOH rpynnbI
COOTBeTCTBeHHO - 1000 (+200, -100), 15 H 10. OIITMMaJIhHhIe ycnoBHH
j1,eiicTBHf!: pH - 3,0-5,0, TeM1IepaTypa - 55-60°C.
YJ1)"IlliliTenH KOMImeKCHbIe xne60neKapHbIe, YKX (TY 59.003.012-
83) BbIIIYCKaIOT J:Q3Yx THITOB - YKX-2 H YKX4. YKX-2 cOj1,epw!:T 4;>epMeHT-
Hhm npenapaT aMHlIOpH3llH TIlOx H aMMoHHii cepHoKHcnbIii, YKX4 - aMM:-
nopH3HH TII0x H HinpHf! TpHIIOJlliq,OC<paT. A,>1HJIOnHTMqeCKaJI aKTHBHOCTb,
ej1,/r, He MeHee: YKX-2 - 1000, YKX-4 - 330.
3q,HpbI MOHorrrnuepMj1,OB H TJ,HaUHTlUIBHHHOH KHCnOTbI, ,IU3K - 3<p H pbI
TBepiJ,bIe (TY 18-2/29-78). BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT B Blfj1,e Ta6neToK TJ,HaMeTpOM
10 MM H TOnIl.\MHOH 2 MM OT )KenTOro no KOpH'IHeBOrO UBeTa, oGna,IJ;aIOIUMX
3anaXOM YKCYCHOH ICHcnOTbl. MaCCOBaR nOnH BHHIIOH KHcnOTbI (CBOGoJ1,HOH
H CB1I3aHHOH) - 15-25%, cB06onHOM YKCYCHOH KMCnOTbI - 1-2,5%, :>KHp-
HblX KHcnOT - He MeHee 54%, 'lHcno OMblJIeHllil - 460-500 MI' KOH.
,lJ,BK - 3<pHpbI TBepnhIe yrIaKOBblBaJ.OT B KapToHHble Kop06a N° 1 no
fOCT 13515-80 BMeCTHMOCTbIO He Gonee 10 :!: 0,3 KL BHYTpH Kop06a
BblCTHlIaIOT nOIDI3THneHOBhIMH BKna,IJ;bIlliaMll HnM MelliKaMM: H3 rrepraMeHTa.
TpaJlcnOpTHpOBaHHe ,lJ,BK-34>HpOB npoH3BoWIT B pe4>pmKepaTOpax
npM reM1Ieparype 10_20° C.
Yny'll.l.illTenh "BOJDKCKMM-2" (TY 18-2-2/55-84) COCTOHT H3 CMeCH IDIIl\e-
BbIX nOBepXHocrno-aKTHBHbiX BemeCTB H >KHpOB B BOnHOM paCTBope caxa-
pa. TIpej1,CTaBJ1f!eT C060M onHopo,IJ;HYID nacT006pa3H}'IO Maccy OT CBemo-
no HHreHCMBHO KpeMoBoro uneTa co cna6blM 3anaXOM }'KCYCHOH KHcnOTbI.
MaCCOBaJI j1,onlI BnarH H neTY'lliX BeIl\eCTB - He Gonee 19,5%; caxapa - He
MeHee 31,5%, :>KHpOBbIX BeIl\eCTB - He MeHee 31,5, YKCYCHOiI KHcnOThI -
He Gonee 2%. "BomKcKHll-2" yrIaKOBbIBaIOT 13 6apa6aHhI KapToHHbIe no fOCT
17065-77 BMeCTHMOCThIO no 50 J1 C J:Q30HHbIM IIOnH3THneHOBbIM BKna,IJ,bl-
IlleM no OCT 49-129-78 lUlli 60'IKH <paHepHO-lliTaMIIOBaHHble no fOCT
5958-79. TpaHcnopTnpoBaHHe yny'IllIIITeJ1f! npH reMneparype B03TJ,yxa He
BMIlIe 20° C npoH3Bo)J.f!T B KphITblX BaroHax H aBTOMaIillIHax; npn TeMnepa-
Type B03TJ,yxa BbIllie 20° C - 13 H30TepMHQeCKHX BarOHax H aBTope4>PH)\(e-
paTOpax.
Kamlli 6pOMHOBaTOKHcnbIH, 6poMaT KaJUUI KB r 0 3 (fOCT 4457-74)-
MenKOKpnCTaIDIHQeCKIDf nopollioK 6enoro UBeTa, paCTBOpHMhrn B BOj1,e.
MaCCOBaf! j1,onf! O'CHOBHoro BeIl.\eCTBa - He MeHee 99,5%, HepaCTBOpHMbIX B
BOj1,e BeIl.\eCTB - He 60nee 0,01 %.
ACKop6HHOBalI KHcnOTa, C 6 H 8 0 6 (fWX CT. 6- cpapMaKOnef!) - KpMC-
TaIDIH'IeCKHii nopollioK 6enoro UBeTa, KHcnoro BKyca H 6e3 3anaxa. flerKo
pacTBopHMa 13 BOne.
HaTpHlI THocynh<paT, mnOCYJIb4>HT, Na2 S2 0 3 (CT C3B 223-75)-
MenKOKpHCTaIDIHQeCKIDf nopollioK 6enoro UBe:ra, XOpOlliO pacTBopMMblH
B BOne. MaCCOBaf! nOnlI OCHOBHoro BeIl.\eCTBa - He MeHee 99,5%.
OpTO<pOCcpOpHaJI KHCJ10Ta, H 3 P0 4 (fOCT 6552-80) - 6eCUBernaf!
np03pa'IHalI >KH)J,KOCTh C MaccoBoH noneM OCHOBHoro BeIl.\eCTBa He MeHee
73%.
Kap6a Mli n CH 3 {)N 2 (faCT 6691-77) - KpHc:ramm'IeCKHM rropOlliOK
6enoro UBeTa. C MaCCOBoii ,IJ;oneii OCHOBHoro BeIl\eCTBa He MeHee 99%. Kap-
6aMHn Hcnonh3YloT COBMeCTHO C opTO<pOC4>OpHOM KHCJ10TOH.
KpaXM8J1 OKHCneHHbrn j1,JI1I XJ1e60neQeHlfH, MOM<pHI.T,IfpOBaHHbIH
M.IJ.K (TY 10-04-08-61-87) B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT npHMeHlIeMOrO Cblphf! BhIIIYC-
KaIOT nBYX MapoK.
MapKa A - KpaxMaJI, oKHcneHHhIH 6poMaToM KaJIHlI;
MapKa B - KpaXMaJI, OKHCneHHbrn rHII0XJ10pHTOM KaJIhLT,IflI.
lIo opnlHOnenrn'IeCKHM H <pH3HKO-XHMllQeCKHM nOKa3aTenf!M OKHC-
neHHbrn KpaxMaJI j1,JIJI xne60ne'IeHHlI ,IJ;On)\(eH coorneTCTBOBaTh Tpe60BaHMlIM,
YKa3aHHbiM B :ra6n. 21.
Ta6nl1ua 21
OprmOnCDTH'ICCKHe II q,1I3I1Ko-XHMlI'ICCKHC nOKa3aTCJllI
MOAHq,HWlpOBa1IHOrO KpaXMaJia
nOKll3aTc:rrn Ka'lCCTBa OKHcnCHHoro KpaXMana
HaHMCHOBaHHC nOKa3aTeneH
KYKYPY3Horo
WMlIJIOnCKTlIHOBoro
A
I 13
A
I B
IJ;BeT
3anax
MaCCOBaJlI10JlH.BJlarn, %, He fionee
O,D;HOpO,D;HbIil nopoilloK
EeJlbrfi, 110nYCKaeTcH )l(eJlToBaTbIil OTTciiOK
CBOnCTBcHHbItI KpaxMany
BIIelI1HlIfi BlIA
14
14
16
16
44
45
flpoiJOIIJII:eHUe TaD.//. 21
Pasp;en 2
H811MeHOBaHHe nOK838TeneH KYKypY3Horo BMHnOneKTHHOBoro
A I B A I B
301IbHOCTb 06 M Ha cyxoe Be eCT- 0,3 0,4 0,3 0,4
BO B KpaXMane, %, He 60Jiee
KlICJJOTHOCTb aKTHBHM - pH 6,3-7,0 He 6,3-7,0 Hc
60nee 60nce
9,0 9,0
OmoClITemJ-Ia5I BSl3KOCTb 2%-ro 6,0- 2,0- 6,0- 2,0-
KJiei!:CTepa 10,0 6,0 10,0 6,0
nOK83aTenH K8QeCTBa OKHcneHHoro KpaXMan8
IIPHrOTOBJIEIrnE >KM.ru<HX ,lIPOJlOKER
OKHCneHHI>IH KpaXMaJI ynaKoBhmawT B ABoHHhIe MeWKH. BHYTpeHliHe
MeIUKH 6YMIDKHhIe no rOCT 2226-75, MapKH BM, :rpexcnoiiHhIe. HapY)l(-
HLIe MeWKH nblUlHbIe npo)JyKToBhIe no rOCT 8516-78E HJIH no rOCT
19317-73.
Macca yrraKOBOIJHOH e]J;HHHnLI He 60nee 40 RT.
AMMOHHH -cepHoKHcnhIH, (NH4)2S04, (rOCT 3769-78) - KpHcTamm-
'leCKHH nopowOK 6eJIoro eTa, xopowo paCTBOpHMbIH B BO)J;e. MaccoBaJi
)J;OJIH OCHOBHoro Bel.I{eCTBa - He 60JIee 98%.
AMMOHHH <l>OC<l>opHOKHCJ1LIH oAH03aMel.I{eHHhIH, (NH 4 )H 2 P0 4 , (rOCT
3771-74) - KpHCTaJIJIH'leCKHH nopowoK 6eJ1oro eTa, pacTBopHM B Bop,e.
MaCCOBaH p,OJIH OCHOBHoro Bel.I{eCrna - He MeHee 99%.
CnOC06hI npHMeHeHHJI XJIe60neKapHhIx YJlYiJIllHTeJIeH H3JIO:>KeHhI B
"TeXHOJIOrHiJeCKOH HHCTPYKlUfH no npHMeHeHHw YJ1Y'lIUHTeJIeH npH npo-
H3Bop,crne XJIe6a H XJIe606YJ10'lHbIX H3)J;eJIHH H3 IIIIIeHH'lHOH MYKH" (fIpH-
J10:>KeHHe 5) .
YJI)"IllIHTeJIH OKHCJIHTeJILHOrO H BOCCTaHOBHTenLI:toro p,eHcTBHH (6po-
MaT KaIDlH, aCKop6n;HOBaJi KHCJIOTa, THOCYJ1b<l>aT HaTpHJI H )J;p.), a TaK:>Ke
<l>epMeHTHhIe npenapaThI, HCnOJIL3yeMbIe B He60JILIllHX )J;03HpOBKax, xpa-
HH1' B JIa60paTopmr XJIe603aBOp;a.
)],PyrHe 11-':lAbI YJI)"IllIHTeJ1eH xpaHJIT Ha CKJIa)J;e npe)J;IIpHHTHH B CIIe aJIb-
HO OTBe)J;eHHOM lJ,TIJi HHx MeCTe.
>KH)J;KHe )J;pO)IQI(H HCIIOJIh3yroTCH B OTeiJeCTBeHHOM XJIe60neiJeHIDI B
KaiJeCTBe 6HOJIOrHiJeCKOrO pa3pbIXlIHTemI npH npoH3BOA TBe XJIe6a H3
IlliIeHHIJHOH MYKH, CMeCH IIIUeHHIJHOH H p:>KaHOH M)'KH, nOJlllOCThW npHro-
TOBJIfleMOrO Ha )lQf,!J,KHX np0>lOKax HJIH CMeCH HX C npeCCOBaHHhIMH.
>KHAKHe p,pO>IOKH JIBJIflWTCfl TaK:>Ke OAIrnM H3 cpep,CTB IIpenyrrpe)l(JJ;eIrnfl
KapTo<l>eJIbHOH 6oJIe3Irn XJIe6a.
II po ecc IIpOH3Bop,CTBa >IGinKHX npO>lOKeH BKJIWiJaeT CJIenyWIl\He OCHOB-
Hble CTarom:
npHrOTOBJIeHHe ocaxapeHHoM M)"IHOH 3aBapKH;
3aKBaIIlHBaHHe 3aBapKH TepMo<l>IDIbHblMH MOJIOIJHOKHCJIbIMH 6aKTepHfl-
MH (MKE);
BhIpalI.\HBaHHe APO:>K:>KeH BMa Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ha 3aKBarneHHoH
3aBapKe.
TIpH npoH3Bop,cTBe >I<HAKHX p,pO:>K:>KeH HCIIOJIh3yroTCfl HOBbIe aKTHBHble
rnTaMMbI TepMo<l>IDIhHbiX MOJIOIJHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTepHH: 30, 30-1, 30-2, 60,
)],-76, 40 H p,p0)!OKeH - ,,MocKoBcKafl-23", rn6pHAbI - 512,5,69, HMew-
Il\He cTa6HJIbHbIe TeXHOJIOrH'leCKHe IIOKa3aTeJIH H o6JIanaI01UHe I<HCJIOTO-
H TepMoycTOH'lHBOCThIO.
KYJIhTypbI HMeIOT CBOH oc06eHHOCTH H HCIIOJIh3YIOTCfl B 3aBHCH-
MOCTH OT KJIHManPlecKHx YCJIOBHii, cnoco6a TeCTOBep,eHHfl H copTa H3-
neJIHM.
T aK, rnTaMMbI npO>lOKeH "MOCKOBCKaJI-23", rH6pHAbI 512 H 5 rryiJrne
HCrrOJTh30BHTh B paHoHax C npOXJIap;HbIM H YMepeHHhIM KJ1HMaTOM npH onap-
HOM H 6e30napHoM cIIoco6e TecTonpHrOTOBJIelfim; rnTaMM 69 - B paHoHax C
:>KapKUM KJIHMaTOM, B03MO)KlI0 ero IIpHMeHeIrne npH 6e30IIapHoM H YCKO-
pemfOM cIIoc06e TecToIIpHro:roBJIeHIDI npH npOH3Bop,cTBe XJIe606YJIO'lHbIX
H3p,eJIHH (6aToHoB) C caxapoM H )KHpOM. CpeAH MOJIOIJHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTepHH
WTaMMhI 30, 30-1, 60, 40, J],-76 JIY'IIlle HCIIOJIh30Ban B paMoHax C YMepeH-
"HhIM H IIpOXJIanHbIM KJIHMaTOM; nITaMM 3-1 - :>KapKHM, WTaMM 30-2 -
npH npHMeHeHHH MOJIOIJHOH CbIBOpOTKH B TeXHOJIOrH'1eCKOM IIpo ecce IIPH-
rOTOBJIeHllil TeCTa; nrraMMbI 60,40 H J],-76 - IIPH npOH3BOnCTBe p:>KaHOnIlIe-
HHIJHOrO xrre6a.
llpH nplITOTOBJIeinDl )!Qfp;KHX npO:>K)f(CH npHMeIDIIOT CJIenYIOlI.\He CopTa
MYKH: CMeCb M)fKH nWeIrnIJHOH nepBoro H B:roporo COpTOB (1: 1) - rom
46
47
XJ1e6a H XJ1e606yno'lHblx H3Aemrn H3 MYKH mneIDf'IHOH BblCllIerO COpTa;
M)'KY rrllIeIDItJHYID BTOpOrO COpTa IUm CMeCb M)'KH mneIDItJHOH BToporo
copTa H P)K3.HOH 06p,HPHOH (1 :1) - AJUI XJ1e6a H XJ1e606ynOtJHblX H3AemlH
H3 M)'KH lIIlleIDItJHOH rrepBoro H BToporo COpTOB; p>KaHYID 06AllPHYIO, CMeCb
p>KaHOll 06,IlHpHOH H mneHHtJHOH 060HHOH (1 :1) -}J;J1H p>KaHO-rrllIeHHtJHblX
COpTOB XJ1e6a.
llpon;ecc rrpHrOTOBneHHH )!(IiAKMX ApO>K>KeH BKlliO'laeT ABa n;MKJ1a -
pa3BOAO'IHbrH H npOM3BOACTBeIDlbIH.
Pa3BOA01lHblii nHKJI - Ha'laJIbHbIH npon;ecc npMrOTOBneHHH >KH,IJ;KMX
APO>K>KeH 3aKnlO'laeTCH B nOCTenelIHoM pa3MHO>KeIDIH 'lHCTbIX KynbTYP
TepMoq,MJlbHblX MOnOtJHOKHCnblX 6aKTepHH H APO>K>KeH B )!(IiAKOH, cpeAe
(conO)JpBoe cycno) M B MXtJHOH ocaxapelIHoH 38.BapKe 11.0 KOmr'leCTBa, He-
06XOAHMor0]J,J1H rrpOH3BOnCTBa XJ1e6a.
llpeAIIPHHTMH nonY'lalDT 'lHCTble KynbTypbl TepMocpHJIbHblX MOnOtJHO-
KHcnblX 6aKTepHii M APO>K>KeH M3 BcecolO3Horo HaytJHO-HCCneAoBaTenbCKo-
ro HHcTMTYTa XJ1e60rreKapHoH rrpOMbIllI1IeHHOCTM H KilJI 06naCTHbIX, Kpae-
BblX H pecny6nHKaHcKMX YrrpaBneHHH XJ1e60rreKapHOH M MaKapOlIHOH npo-
MbIIIDIeHHOCTM.
Pa3MHO>KeHMe TepMoq,HJIbHblX MKB M HaKOnneIDIe Ha IDIX 3aKBallIeH-
HOH 38.BapKH' 'lf3tnpiaIOT C rrepeBOAa COAep)!(liMOrO 1 aMllynbl HJIM np06Mp-
KH C 10 MJI 'lHCTOH KynbTypbl B CTepMnbHblx ycnoBMHX (HaA rrnaMeHeM
ropenKM ruIH ClIHpTOBKH) B Kon6y, cOAep>Ka ylO 100 MJI cTepMnbHoro
cycna C AP06mIOH rrnOTHOCTblD 12% Ha CB. KOJI6y BblAep>KHBalDT B TepMo-
'CTaTe rrpM TeMIlepaType 48-52°'C (TaKoH TeMIleparypHbIH pe)!(liM rronAep-
)!(IiBalDT Ha rrpOTH>KeHHM Bcero rrepMoAa BbIpaI.I.J;HBaHMH MOJIOtJHOKHCJIbIX
6aKTepMH) B Te'leHlIe 24-48 'laCOB (B 38.BHCHMOCTM OT aKTHBHOCTH npH-
MeHHeMoro IlITaMMa MKB) . .
lloJIY'IeHHbIH 06'beM (100 MJI) 'lHCTOH KynbrypbI MKB CTepHJIbHO BHO-
CHT BIn CTepHJIbHOrO conOAoBoro cycJIa C AP06MHOH rrJIOTHOCTbID 12% Ha
CB H BbIpaIlUlBalDT rrpH Tex >Ke napaMeTpax. J],aJIee 1 JI 'lHCTOH KYJIbTypbl
MKE nepeHOCHT B 9 Kr My'lHOH ocaxapemIOH 38.BapKH.
3aBapKY rOTOBHT rrYTeM rrOCTerreHHoro CMellIHBaHMH MYKH H BO)J,bI
° .
C TeMTIepaTypoH 83-85 C rrpH COOTHOllieIDIH 1 :3. 3aTeM 3aBapKY OXJ1a>K,!J;a-
lOT 11.0 63-65°C H BHOCHT 1-2% K Macce MYKH He<l>epMeHTHpoBaHlfOro
H'lMeHHoro HJIH p>KaHoro COJIOAa HJIH rrpH TeMIlepaType 50-55°C <l>ep-
MeHTHbIe rrperrapaTbl: AMlUlOpM3HH lllOx B KOml'leCTBe 0,007-0,01% K Mac-
ce MYKH HJIH rlliOKOaMHJIa3Y O'lHlIJ;elIHYID (TY 59.01.003-65-83) B KOml-
'leCTBe 0,02-0,03% K Macce M)'KM, KOTOpaH HBJIHeTCH HaM60nee 3<l>q,eKTMB-
HblM cpeAcTBoM WIH ocaxapHBaHMR 3aBapOK H rrOA B03AeMCTBHeM KOTOpOH
H3 KpaXMaJIa 06pa3yeTcH 3Ha'lHTenbHoe KOnWIeCTBO rJIIOK03bl (11.0 20% Ha
CB K Macce 3aBapKH). C1>epMeHTHbIe npenapaTbl B BMe 100-Horo BOAHOro
pacTBopa A03HpyroTCH B OXJ1a>K,!J;eHHyIO M}"IH}'IO 3aBapKY. llpoAomKMTenb-
HOCTb ocaxapHBaHMH M}"IHOH 3aBapKM 1-1,5 'l.
PacxoA CblpbH H rrapaMeTpblrrpOl{eCca npHBeAeHbl B Ta6n. 21.
Ta6J1Hua 21
PacxoA CbIpWl II napaMcTpbl npo ccca npa:roToBnCHIIJI
)KJI.J\KHX AP0)lOKeii B Pa3BOAO'IHOM QIIKne
Pacxop; CbIpbJlII pe)l(lIMbI npHroTOBnelIllJl
HaHMeHOBaHHe 3aKBaweHH8n 38B8plC8 MaTO'lHbIC P;PO)l()I(lI
I IV IV
CTaWIH CTap;HH
qRCTM KyJlbTYpa 10 100 1000
MKE, MJI
1IlIcTa5I KYJIbTypa: 10 100 1000
j1po)l()I(eil, MJI
COJlO,o;OBoe cycJlo C 100 1000
AP06HHOil nJi. 12%
Ha CB, MJJ
COJI0l10BOe CYCJIO 100 1000
6e3 j1p06IilibI, nJI.
8-10% Ha CB, MJJ
OcaxapeHHaH My'IHa5I 9 90 9 20
3aBapKa, Kr
3aKBaIIICHHa5I 3aBap- 10 20
Ka,Kr
MaTO'IHbIC /1P0)l()l(ll, 10
Kr
06IW1it oG:beM, JI 0,1 1,1 10 100 0,1 1,1 10 50
(Kr)
TeMncpaTypa, 0 C 48-52 48-52 48-52 48-52 28-32 28-32 28-32 28-32
npOp;OJI)!(lITeJlbHOCTb, 24-48 24-48 20-24 12-14 48 48 12-15 5-6
11
KOHe'HIM KlICJIOT- 10-12 12-14 8-12
HOCTJ>, rpap;.
nO)J;'beMHaH CHJJa, 20-25
MHH
B nOJI}"leIDlYID ocaxapelIH}'IO 3aBapKY (9 Kr) BHOCHT 1 n 'lMCTOH KynbTY-
pbl MKE, 3aKBallIHBaIDT npH TeMIlepaType, YKa3aHHOH BbllIIe, B Te'leHHe
20-24 'l 11.0 AOCTIDKeHlIH KMCnOTHOCTM 10-12 rpaA. 3aTeM Bce KOml'leCTBO
3aKBallielIHoii 3aBapKM (10 Kr) BHOCHT B 90 Kr ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKM,
npOM3BoiJ,HT 3aKBaIlIHBaHHe B Te'leHHe 12-14 'laCOB npM TeMIleparype 48-
52°C 11.0 KHCnOTHOCTM 12-14 rpaA. rOTOBaH 3aKBaruelIHIUI 3aBapKa (100
Kr) nepeBoAHTcH B rrpOH3BoAcTBeI-IH}'IO eMKOCTb ]J,J1H p,anbHeHllIero }'BeJIM-
'leIDIH 06'beMa, He06xoAHMoro npoH3BoAcTBY.
Qepe3 48 'laCOB C Ha'laJIa npMrQTOBnem!H 3aKBarueHHoii: 3aBapKH npH-
cTynalDT K pa3BOAOtJHOM)' UHKnY npMroToBneHMH >KMAKHX (MaTOtJHblx)
npo>K>Keii:.
Pa3MHO>KeHMe M HaKonneHMe MaTOtJHblX APo>K>KeM Ha'lHHaIOT co CMblBa
Apo>K>KeBoro cnOH B np06MpKe C 'lMCTOii: KynbrypoH ApO>K>Keii: 10 MJI CTe-
48
49
pHJIbHOro ooJIOAOBOro cycJIa lUIOTHOCThIO 8-10% Ha CB. TIony'lellliYIO APO>K-
>KeByro cYCIIeH3H1O CTepHJIbHO IIepem1BaIOT B KOJI6y, cOAep>KaIlQ'1O 100 MJI
CTepHJIbHOrO COJIOAOBOro cycJIa yJ<a3aHHOH illIOTHocrn. POCT AP0)l()l(eH 1Ip0-
AOJI>KaeTCH 48 'I IIPH TeMIIeparype 28-32° C, KOTOpaH IIoA,D;ep)I{HBaeTCB 1m
IIpoTHjj(eHHH pa3BoAo'lHOrO lUiKJIa H IIpoll3BOACrnelllioro InIKJIa BbIBeAeHIDJ
)l(H,!J,KHX AP0>lOKeH. COp;ep)!(l{MOe KOJI6bI IIPH IIepeMeUIHBaHHH CTepHJII>HO
IIepeBop)lT. B KOJI6y C 1 JI cTepHJIbHoro ooJIOAOBOro cYCJIa lUIOTHOCThIO
8-10% Ha CB H BbIpall(HBaIOT B Te'leHHe 48 'I. TIocJIe Tll(aTenbHoro B36an-
TbIBaHHH KynbTYPY AP0)l()l(eH H3 Kon6bI (1 n.) IIepemmaIOT B eMKOCTh C 9
Kr OXJIIDI<Jl,ellliOH 11.0 28-32° C ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKH H BbIAep)!(l{BalOT IIpH
TOH >Ke TeMIIepaType 12-15 q.
)XaJIee 10 Kr APO:>IOKeH IIepeBoIJ,HT B eMKOCTb, ooAep>KaIl\Y1O 20 Kr
ocaxapelllioH H 20 Kr 3aKBaweHHoH 3aBapKH, H BbIAep)I{HBalOT 5-6 'I IIPH
OnTHMaJIbHOii TeMJIepaType pOCTa Ap0)l()l(eii 11.0 AOCTH>KeHHH IIoA'beMHOH
CWIbI 20-25 MIDI H KHCJIOTHOCrn 8-12 rpaA. ,D,aJIbHeHWee HaKOIIJIeHHe
Ap0)K)Keii oCYll(eCTBIDIeTCH B IIpOH3BoAcrneHHoM lI,H:KJIe.
JJ,rrH IIOJIy'leHHH >Kl1j:I,KHX APO>K>Keii cTa6HJIbHoro Ka'leCTBa nenecoo6-
pa3HO IIpOBOAHTh pa3BoAo'IHbrn IJ.HKJI C HCIIOJIb30BalIHeM, rrOMHMO cl>epMeHT-
HbIX IIpeIIapaToB, llliaKTHBHpOBaHHOM 6HOMaCCbI IIpeCCOBaHHbIX XJIe60IIe-
KapHbIX Apo)!()Keii.
PeneIITypa H IIapaMeTpbI IIponecca IIpHroTOBneHHH pacTBopoB cl>epMeHT-
HbIX IIpeIIapaTOB H HHaKTHBHpoBaHHOH 61i0MaCCbI AP0)!0l(eH IIpHBep;eHbI B
TaM. 22.
PaCTBOp cl>epMeHTHbIx IIpeIIapaToB rOTOBHT rryTeM CMeurn:BaHHH AMHJIo-
pH3HHa TII0x H rJIIOKOaMHJIa3bI o'lHIIJ.eHHoii C BOAOil IIPH TeMIIepaType
35-40°C H BbIp;ep)!(l{BaHHH CMeCH B TeqeHHe 0,5 'I.
MHaKTHBlipOBaHHble Ap0)lQl(H rOTOBHT CJIeAYIOUU1M 06pa30M: 0,5 Kr
IIpeCCOBaHHbIX Ap0)K)KeH CMeWHBalOT cO,S JI BOAbI C TeMI1epaTypoii 83-85° C
II IIporpeBalOT Ha BOwmOH 6aHe IIPH Toil >Ke TeMI1epaType B TelIeHHe 0,5 'I,
TIOJIy'lelllibIe aKTHBaTOpbI BHOCHT IIpH rrpHrOTOBJIeHHH MY'lHOH 3aBapKH,
KOTOPYIO rOTOBJIT rryTeM IIOCTeIIelllioro CMeIilllBaHHH MYKH B KOJIH'leCme
2,5 Kr H BOAbI- 6,5 n C TeMI1epa1'YpoH 83-85°C, 1,0 Kr HHaKTHBHpOBaHHbIX
AP0)l()l(eH, C IIOCJIeA)'IOI.IJ.HM OXJIlOIGJ;eHHeM 11.0 50-55°C. 3aTeM B 3aBapKY
BBO)J,HT 0,5 JI pacTBopa cl>epMeHTHbIx npenapaToB. IIpOAoJDKHTenbHocTb
ocaxapHBaHHH - 2,0-2,5 'I npH TeMI1epaType 50-55°C.
M}"lHY1O 3aBapKY C aKTHBaTOpaMH HCIIOJIb3YlOT Ha II CTaAHH pa3BOAO'l-
Horo lUiKJIa BbIBep;eHHH MaTO'lHbIX APo>K>Keii.
npOH3BoAcmellHbIH nuKJI IIpHroTOBJIeHHH >I<H)J,KHX AP0)l()l(eH oCYll(eCTB'
IDlIOT IIO 2 Ba pHaHTaM :
BapBaHT I - rrpHrOTOBJIeHHe :>KHAKHX ApO>K>Keil Ha 3aKBaweHHbIx 3aBap-
Kax 6e3 pa36aBJIeHHH BOAOii;
B3PH3HT II - IIpHroToBneHHe :>KHP;KHX p;pO>K>KeH Ha 3aKBaweHHblX 3aBap-
Kax C pa36aBneHHeM Bo,tl,OH.
PacxoA CbIpbH H rrapaMeTpbI IIpOnecca IIpHBeAeHbI B Ta6JI. 23.
T a 6 n H u a 23
pacxo,a CbIpbJlII napaMeTpbI TeXHOJlOrll'JCCKOro npo ccca
npnrOTOBJICHIUI )l(lfro<l!X AP0)l()l(eii B npOH3BoACTBCHHOM QIIKnc
T a 6 JI H U a 22
<lJepMcHTHbIX
npenap3TOB
illf3KTHBHpO-
B8HHhlX
p;pOW.;KeH
P3CXOP; CbIpMI H pe)l(HM npHroToBncHIUI
HallMeHOB3HHC CbIpbR, 3aKBawCHHoH )l(II.!U<HX
nonY<lJa6pHI<3TOB, 33aapKYI AP°)l()I(eH
napaMeTpbI
1:4 1:3 6e3 p336aBJ1e- C pa36aBJ1CHHeM
(COOTHowcHHe HWI 3SB3pKH 33B3PKH BOAOH
MyJtH H BOAoH (1:3)
BOAhI) 1 I
I II I II
Pe cmypa II napaMeTpbI npo ccca
DpnrOTOBJleHIIR paCTBOpOB tl>ePMeHTHbiX npcnapaTOB
IIIIHaKTHBHpOBaHHOii GIIOMaCCbI AP0)lOKCH (aKTHBaTopOB)
HSHMeHOBaHHe 3KTHBSTOpa,
nspaMeTpbI
P3CXOA CbIpbR, nspSMeTpbI
npnrOTOBneHWI
AMHnOpH3HH nlOx, I'
rnIOKOaMlIJla3a 01l1lll(CHHaH, I'
.uP0)lOKlI (npeCCOBaIIHbIe), Kr
BOj1a,JI
TCMITcpaTYpa, 0 C
npogOJ1)!(l1TeIILHOCTb oGpa60TKlI, tj
npogon)I(HTcIILHOCTb XpaHCHlI5I npll +4 0 C, tj
o 6ll(l1il oG:beM, JI (Kr)
0,06
0,6
OcaxapeHHaR3aBapK3
MYRa, Kr*
BOj1a,JI
50
200
5{)
150
0,5
35-40
0,5
8
0,5
0,5
0,5
83-85
0,5
24
1,0
3aKBaIlIeHHaR 3anapKa, KI'
1-13 pa3Bo,o;O'IHOro l.Uuma
npOH3BOACTBCHHaJi!
100
100
100
150
80
120
* MYKa nlI1CHH'IHaJi! II copTa, CMeCb MyKlI IIlI1CHlI'IHoil II copTa II p)l(aIlott oGl1lIpHoil
(1:1); CMeCb MyKlI ITlI1cHlI'lIIoil"I II II copTa (1 :1), CMeCb p)I(aHoil 0611l1pHOil H o60tt-
IIOtt (1:1).
51
50
Upoi'Jo/lJl(eIJue TaD/l. 23
)J.nH yneJIH'lemrn 06'beMa 3aKBaIlIeHIl0ii: 3aBapKH B COOTBeTCTBHH C
Tpe60BaHIUll\lli npoH3Bo,n;cTBa B Hee BBO)J.H'J; paJ;lHoe KOJIHtJeCTBO ocaxapeH-
HOll My<UiOii: 3aBapKH, 3aKBaII.rn:Ba1OT 6-8 q npH TeMneparype, YKa3aHHOii:
BblliIe, ,n;o ,n;OCTIDKeIlliH KHCnOTHOCTII 12-14 rpa,n;. B ,n;anbHeii:llleM oT60p
H nOnOJiHCHHe 3aKBaillCHHoM 3aBapKH npoH3Bo,n;HT Ka>K,lJ;bIe 3-4 'laca B
KOJIH'leCTBe 1/5-1/7 'laCTII OT 06lUero oG'beMa 'lalla C nocne,n;yroUWM BBene-
lllieM B 3aKBaIlIeHIiyro 3aBapKY TaKOrO >Ke KOIDIqeCrna ocaxapeHIioii: 3aBapKH.
B cnyqae Me,n;rrelDiOro 3aKHCaJillH 3aBapKH (Gonee 8 'I) TeMllCpaTYPY
cne,n;yeT CIlli3H'Ib ,n;o 48°C, npH YCKopeHIloM KHcnoTOoGpa30BallliH He06-
XO,IJ;JIMO nO,lJ;lUlTb TCMTICpaTYPY ,n;o 54-55° C. TaKyIO )KC TeMIIepaTYPY cne-
,n;yCT nO)J,!J;ep)i(HBaTb npH BbmY>K,IJ;CHHoM npocTOc npoH3Bo,n;crna BO H3Ge>Ka-
Illie nOHBnCHHJI neHbI B BepXillIx cnoJIX 3aBapKH 3a CqCT pa3BHTIlH nOCTO-
pOHIIeii: MHKpo4>nopbl. ITpH npHMeHelBlH fnlOKOaMlilla3bI B03MOiKHO ee
BHecelllie B BHJJ;e lO'7o-Horo paCTBopa B KOImeHTpaWlli 0,02-0,03% K Mac.
ce MYKH B 3aBapKe Henocpe,n;crneHIlO B 3aKBallleHHYIO 3aBapKY, rrpH nOM
He06xo)J,HMOCTb ee npHMeHellliH lJ)1JI ocaxapHBaJillJI 3aBapKH oTrra,n;aeT.
llocnc HaKonneHHH 3aKBallleHIloii: 3aBapKH B KOJllf'leCTBe, paBHOM
3-4-tJ:aCOBOM}' oT60py )!(l1JJ;KHX ,n;po)K)KeM, H3 npOH3Bo,n;CTBeHHOH eMKOCTH
lJ)1H 3:lKBaIillIBaIlliH B eMKOCTb )J,JIH BbIpaIUHBaIillJI )I(H,n;KHX ,n;p0)!{)l(en nepe-
Ka'lliBa1OT 100 Kr oxna)K,!:(cHHoii: no 28-32° C 3aKBaIlIeHIwii: 3aBapKH H BJIO-
cm 50 Kr MaTO'IHblX ,n;po)!{)l(eii:, nonyqeHIIblX B pa3Bo,n;0'IHOM lUiKne. .IIP0>K-
)KJI BblpaIUHBaIDT npH OnTIiManbHoii: Tel\meparype, }'Ka3aHHoii: BbIllle, B Te-
1JeHHe 5-6 'I.
K nonytJ:eHHbIM 150 Kr )I(H,lJ;KHX ,n;p0)!{)l(eii: nepeKa'lliBalOT 150 Kr ox-
nIDK,IJ;eHHoH ,n;o 28-32° C 3aKBailleIllioM 3aBapKH, BbIpaunrna10T B Teqelllie
3-4'1.
.IIanbHeii:wee yneJIH'leHHe MaCCbI )i(HAKHX ,n;p0)!{)l(eH npoH3Bo)J.HT ,n;06aB-
neHHeM paBHom KOJIH'leCTBa Hepa36aBneHllOii: H OXJ1a)K)J;eHHoii: 3aKBaIIIeHIIoii:
3aBapKH, ,n;OBO,IJ;JI HX 06'beM AO KOJIHtJ:ecrna, He06xo,IJ;JIMorO npOH3Bo,n;crny.
BapmlHT II. MY'lHyro 3aBapKY rOTOBJIT npn COOTHOllleHIDI MYKa-Bo,n;a
1 :3. llponecc ocaxapHBaIDIH B6AYT TaK >Ke, KaK B BapnaHTe 1-.
OcaxapeHIIYIO 3aBapKY B KOnli'leCTBe 200 Kr nepeKa'lliBa1OT B eMKOCTb
lJ)1JI 3aKBaIillIBaIlliJ{ H nepeBO)J.HT TYAa >Ke 100 Kr 3aKBaIlIeHIloii: 3aBapKH,
nonyqeHHoM B pa3Bo,n;O'lHOM IJ,HKne. _
3aKBaIillIBaIille npOBO,IJ;JIT npH TeMneparype 48-52° C B TetJ:emre 14-16 tJ:
,n;O KOHe'IHoii: KHCnOTHOC'lli 12-14 q5an.
K nonYtJ:CHPJ>IM 300 Kl' 3aKBaureHHoii: 3aBapKH rrepeKa'lliBaJOT 300 Kr
OXJ1aiK,n;eHHoM ,n;o OnTIlMaJThHOM TeMTIeparypbl 3aKBallnmaHHH ocaxapeHHoii
3aBapKH, 3aKBaIillIBaJOT 6-7 q ,n;o ,n;OCrn>KeHHlI KHCnOTHOCrn 12-14 rpa,n;.
,JJ.rrH ,n;anbHeii:urero yneJIH'lellliH 06'beMa 3aKBaureHIIoii: 3aBapKH K 600 Kr
nepeKa'lliBaIOT TaKoe >Ke ° KOJIH'leCTBO ocaxapeHIloH 3a.napKH, BbI}J;ep:)j(HBaIOT
npH TeMIIeparype 48-52 C B :reqCHHC 6-7 'I. llponecc nOBTOpJIIOT,n;O HaKOn-
neHHH 3aKBaureHHoH 3aBapKH B COOTBeTCTBillI C Tpe60BamrHMJi npoH3-
Bo,n;CTBa.
PaCXOA CbIpbR Ii PC)I(l!M npIiI'OTOBJleHIiR
HIIHMCHOBaHIie CbIpbJI, 3aKBaWCHIIOH )l(H,[1KIIX
nOJIy<lJa6pm<:aTOB, 3aBapKlI Ap0)l()I(eH
napaMcTpbI
1:4 1:3 6e3 pa36aBJIe- C pa36aBJIeHlICM
(coomolUcHlIc HlIII 3aBapKIi 3aaapKlI BOIJ,OH
MYKIi BOAon (1 :3)
Ii I I
BOAhI) I 11 ] 11
BoA'I (AmI: pa3GaBJICHIUI 3aKBalI1CH' 20 30
Hoil 3anapKlI) . JI
)KHp;KHC AP0)l()l(H, K£
113 pa3B0I10'IHOro UlIKJla (MaTO'lHhle) 50 50
np01l3BoncTBeHHbIC 150 150
06IW1H o6beM, KI'
3aKBal!1CHHOil 3aBapKlI 350 300
>Kl!p;KHX p;po)l()l(eil 150 300 150 300
napaMcTpbI
TCMnepaTypa, 0 C 48-52 48-52 28-32 28-32 28-32 28-32
npO,o;OJl)!(llTCJJbHOCTb (3aKBalI1l1Ba- 14-16 14-16 5-6 3-4 5-6 3-4
HIUI, BbIpall(llBaHlUI 11P0)l()I(en) , 'I
KOHe'IHaH KlICJIOTHOCTb, rpan* 12-14 12-14 9-10 9-10 9-10 9-10
nOI1:beMHM ClIJIa, MHH HC GOJlee 30 MHH
Bna)l(HOCTb, % 87 -88 87-88 87-88 87 -88
* 1J.IDI npel1o TB paIIJ.cHlI5I 3a60JICBaIllI5I XJlc6a "KapToq,CJJ:bHoil' GOJIC3HblO" B ncplloJl,
C 1 MM no 1 OKTH6pJl 110IIYCKaCTC5I nOBbIIlIeHlIC KHCJlOTIIOCTH )l(lfAKHX I1p0)l()I(eil 11.0
12-14 rpaA; )l(lIAKlIe I1P0)l()!(lI, IIpllrOTOBJleHHbIC Ha CMeCH pxmHoil oGl1lIpHoilll oOOil-
Hoil MYKll MorYT IIMCTb KlICJlOTIIOCTb 12-14 rpan.
BapHam I. MyqHyIO 3aBapKY rOTOBHT rrpH COoTHouremill MYKa-BO,n;a
1 :4. 3a.napHBaHHe OCYlUeCTBnHIOT nYTeM nOCTerrCHIloro CMelllHBamrn MYKH
H BO,lJ;bI npH TeMlleparype He 60nee 85°C (83-8 5 °C). )J.n.R ocaxapHBaHIDI
3a.napKH rrocne ee OXJ1IDK}J;eIlliJI ,n;o 63-65° C ,n;03HpYIOT He<l>epMeHTHpOBaH-
Hbril HtJ:MeHIlblll mTH p>KaHoii: cono,n; B KOIDItJ:eCTBe 1-2% K Macce M}'KH B
3aBapKe, IiJIH npH TeMlleparype 50-55° C - <l>epMeHTHble npenapaTbI fnlO-
KOaMlilla3Y O'll:!Il\CHIlYIO B KOJllfQeCTBe 0,02-0,03% IiJIH AMIrnOpH3HH lllOx
B KOIDI'leCrne 0,007-0,01% K Macce MYKH. llpH npHMeHemiH rmoKOaMlilla-
3M B03MO)l(l:la 3aMeHa 'lacrn MYKH B 3aBapKe (no 30%) cyxapHoM IiJIH xne6-
HOH KpourKoll. IIpo,n;on)I(HTenbHocTb ocaxapHBaHIDI 3aBapKH - 1-1,5 'I.
OcaxapeHIlyIO M}"IHYIO 3aBapKY B KonHtJ:eCTBe 250 Kr nepeKa'illBaloT
B npoH3Bo,n;cTBeHIlylO eMKOCTb )J,JIH 3aKBaIllliBallliH H nepeBO,IJ;HT Ty,n;a >Ke
100 Kr 3aKBaureHIloii 3aBapKH, rronYtJ:eHHoH B pa3Bo,n;0'IHOM IJ.lIKne, BbI,n;ep-
)l(HBalOT npH TeMllepaType 48-52°C B TctJ:elllie 14-16 Q.
52
53
1l0cJIe HaKOnnemUI 3aKBaweHHoii 3aBapKH B KOOO'leCTBe 1/2 06'beMa,
Heo6JS,ogliMOrO JJ,JUI nHTaH»H )!GI'JJ.KHX JJ.pmloKeii, H3 npoH3BoAcTBeHHoii eM-
KOCTH lJ)1H 3aKBaunt aHHH B eMKOCTb lJ)1H llHTaTeJIbH,oii CMeCH nepeKa'lHBa
lOT 80 KI' 3aKBarneHHoii 3aBapKH, pa36aBJUIIOT XOJIo,n;Hoii BOAoii B KOOO'leCT-
Be 20 JI H BHOCHT 50 Kr MaTOIffibIX Apo)\()\(eii, npHrOTOBJIeHHblX. B pa3BOAO'l-
HOM D;HI<JIe. 1l0JIY'leHHbIe )KH)J.I<He APO)I()!(H nOCJIe nepeMeIlIHBaHHH BbIAep)I(H-
BaIOT npH TeMTIepaType 28-32° C B Te'IeHHe 5-6 'I.
K llOJI)"IeHHbIM )f(H,II;KHM Apo)\()\(aM (150 Kf) nepeKa'IHBalDT 150 Kf
IDnaTeJIbHOH CMeCH, CocToHllleii H3 120 Kr 3aKBalIIeHHoii 3aBapKH H 30 JI
XOJIoJJ.Hoii BOAbI, nepeMeIlIHBaloT H BblpaIltHBaIOT B TeqeHHe 3-4 'I npH YKa-
3aHHoii BbIllie TeMTIepaTYpe.
,lJanbHeiilIIee HaKonneHHe )KH)J.KHX APO)\()\(eH npOH3BOgliTCH nyreM
oT60pa 'lepe3 Ka)f(,!I,ble 3-4 'I 3aKBalIIeHHOH 3aBapKH B KOJIHqeCTBe 1/7 OT
06111ero o6'beMa, pa36aBJIeHIDI ee XOJIo,n;Hoii BOJJ.oii 11.0 COOTHOlIIeHHH 4:1
(3aKBaruelUIaH 3aBapKa: BOJJ.a) H nOCJIe}JyIOJ,lUIM BblpailUiBaHlleM npH }'Ka-
3aHHbIX napaMeTpax, JJ.OBOAJI 06'beM )I(H)J.KHX npO»<»<eH 11.0 KOOO'IeCTBa,
Heo6xo)J,HMOrO npOH3BOnCTBY.
113 JJ.pO>lOKepaCTHTeJIbHOrO qaHa rOTOBbIe )l(HAKHe npo)I()!(H OT6HPaIOT-
CH B paCXO,n;HbIll 'laH. OT60p >l<H,!l;KHX Apo»<)\(eii Ha npoH3BoncTBO no I H II
BapH1!lUaM oC eCTBJIJlIOT B pa3Mepe 1/2 06'beMa )l(HAKHX APO)\()\(eii 'Ie-
pe3 3-4 'l. 1l0nHbIH 060POT ApmloKeBoro 'laHa paCC'lHTaH Ha 8 'l.
no Mepe pacxoAoBaHlliI 3aKBawelUIoH 3aBapKH B npOH3BoAcTBe nonOJI-
HeHHe ee npoH3BO)J.RT HOBOH nopD;HeH ocaxapelUIoii H oxna»<JJ.eHHoii 11.0 50-
52° C 3aBapI<H, KOOO'leCTBelUIO paBHoH oT60py. Ecoo pa60TalDT He C O,n;HHM
'laHOM 3aKBauntBaHHJI, TO Benwnma pa30BOrO TIOnOnHeHHH Ka»<JJ.oro 'laHa
OCTaBHT a/n (a - 3-4-'laCOBOH OT60p )KH)J.KHX ApO>lOKeH, n - 'lHcno qaROB).
Ha MeJII<HX npegnpllilTHHX 3aKBaruelUIYro 3aBapKY MO)I(HO rOTOBHTb O)J,HH
pa3 B cyrI<H B KOJIH'leCTBe, 06ecne'lHBalollleM CYTO'IHyro nOTpe6HOCTb B HeH
npegnpllilTlliI. 1l0JIHbm OT60p 'laHa )J.J1H 3aKBalIIHBaHMH 3aBapKH - 12-14 q.
3aKBarnelUIaH 3aBapKa nocrynaeT Ha' nOnOJIHeHHe OT06paHHbIX )KHnI<HX
APo»<»<eH. Ee 3-4-'laCOBble oT60pbI nomKHbI COCTaBnHTb 1/7 pa60'leH eMKOC-
ni 'laHa 3aKBauntBaHHH. 3aKBarueHHaH 3aBapKa nocne oT6opa nonommeTCH
TaKHM »<e KOnH'leCTBOM CBe»<enpHrOTOBneHHOH ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKI1 Ta-
KOH »<e TeMnepaTypbl. He06xo)J,HMO, '!:T06bI B 1IaHe 3aKBaIllHBaHHH Ha npoTH-
»<eHID! Bcero wuma nOMep»<HBanaCb TeMnepaTYPa.6nH3KaH K 50°C.
B OTnenbHbIX cn)"IaHX npH CHH»<emrn Ka'leCTBeHHblX nOKa3areJIeH >!iliA-
KHX npO)\()\(eH (nOn'beMHaJI CH1Ia 60nee 30 MHH, KOJIH'leCTBO ApO)!()\(eBbIX
I<JIeTOK MeHee 90 MJlH/r) B npo)!()\(epaCTHnbHbIH 'laB BMeCTe C 3aKBameHHoH
3aBapKOH (HOO IIHTaTeJIbHOii cMecbIO) cne}JyeT BHOCHTb CepHOKHCnbm aM-
MOHHH B KOnH'leCTBe 0,05-0,07% K Macce 3aKBarueIllioH 3aBapKH (B BH)J;e
BOAIwro 1O-30%-ro pacTBopa).
Op;HHM H3 cpeAcTB ynY'lllleHHH Ka'leCTBelUIbIX nOKa3aTeneii »(11)J;I<HX
APO)\()\(eH HBnHeTCH npHMeHeHHe cneIUlaJIbHO 06pa60TaHHblx npeccoBaHHblx
JJ.po)\()\(eii xopolliero Ka'leCTBa (fOCT 171-81).
)J.nH :3Toro npeccoBalUIble APO)I()!(H (0,2-0,3% K Macce )l(HJJ.KHX npO)\(-
)\(eH) pa3Bo)J.RT B BOAe C TeMTIepaTypoH 30-35°C npH COOTHolIIeHHH 1 :10,
A06aBnmoT caxap - 10-20% H JIHMOHHyIO I<HCnOTY - 1 % K Macce npecco-
Ba,HHbIX npo)\()\( ii. nonyqelUIYIO cycneH3HIO nQBO)J.RT JJ.O TeMnepaTypbI
45-50° C, nponycKaIOT 'lepe3 Hee B03}JyX (c nOMOlllblD MHKpoKoMnpecco-
pa jJ)JH aKBapHYMa HnH nYTeM HHTeHCHBHoro nepeMeIllHBaHHH), CHHMaIOT
06pa30BaBrnYlocH neHY, cOnep»<alllYIO oTMepIllHe npO)\()\(eBble KnerKH H no-
CTopoHHHe I\lliKpOOpraHH3Mbi. nOnrOToBneHHble TaKHM 06pa30M npmK)I(H
nepeHocHT B 3aKBarneJiHYIO 3aBapKY, oxna>K,D;eHHYIO no 28-32°C C KHcnOT-
HOCTbIO 8-10 rpan B KOnH'leCTBe 10% K Macce 3aBapKH, Bbrnep)I(HBaIOT
npH TeMnepaTYpe 28-32°C B Te'leHHe 5-6 'I.
1l0nY'leHHYIO 6PO)J.RlllYIO Maccy BBO)J.RT B npoH3BoJJ.cTBeIDlble )l(HnI<He
ApmloKH. nOnCeB 06pa6oTaHHblX OIIHCaHHbIM cnoc060M npeccOBaHHbIX
Apo>lOKeM npoH3Bo)J.RT 1 pa3 B cyTKH no ynyqrueHIDl nOJJ.'beMHOH CHJ1bI »<H)J.-
KHX npo»<»<eii (16-20 MHH) H YBenH'leHHH cOnep»<aHHH npO»<»<eBbIx I<JIe-
TOK (250-300 MJIH/r).
Pacxon )l(HAI<HX npo)\()\(eif B npoH3BOnCTBe 3aBHCHT OT copra BbIpa6a-
TbmaeMoro H3nenHH H COCTaBnHeT (% K Macce MYKH B TecTe): )J.J1H xne6a
H3 nrneHlI'lHOH M}'I<H I copTa - 20-25%, H3 nrneHll'IHOH MYKH II copTa -
30-35%, H3 MYI<H nrneHH'lHoii 06oiiHOH - 35 -40%.
llpH HcnOnb30BaBHH )l(HJJ.I<HX npo)!()\(eif B CMeCH C npeCCOBaHHblMH
pacxon HK COCTaBJIHeT (% K Macce MYKH B TeCTe): )J)lH xne6a H3 MYKH
IIllIeHH'lHOH I copTa - He 60nee 15%; )J.J1H xne606ynO'IHbIX H3neJlliH H3 MYKH
IIllIeHH'lHoii I H BbIcrnero copTa (6aTOHbI - rrpOCTOH, Hape3HOH; CTyn eH -
qecI<Hif, xne6 6eJIbIM H3 M}'I<H mUeHH'lHoii I H BbIClIIero COpTOB) - 7-10%;
lJ)1H xne6a 113 CMeCH p»<aHOH H nrneHll'IHoii MyY<H (yY<paHHcI<Hii HOBbIH,
OpnOBCI<HH, napHHl(KHM, CTonOBbIii, CTOnH'lHbIif, POCCHHCKHii) - 10-15%.
npH npHMeHemrn )l(HnKHX npo»<»<eH HJ1H CMeCH )l(HnKHX H npeccoBaH-
HbIX nonycKaeTcH YBenH'lHBan KOHe1lHYIO KHCJIOTHOCTb onapbI H TeCTa Ha
1 rpan.
npHMep pacqern pacxona CbIpbH H o6opyn OB aHlliI
n:rrn npoH3BOACTBa »<H)J,KHX p,pO)\()\(eH
BbIpa60TKa xJle6a 113 nlI1eHIi'IHOll MYKH II c - lOTI CYTKII
PaC'ICT pacxooa OCHOBH020 U OOnO.flHUTC.flbHOi?O CblpbJ/.
1. CYTO'lHbIif pacxon MyY<H nnH npHroTOBneHllR: 10 T xne6a (BbIXOJJ.
xne6a - 145%) :
lOX 100
145
6,86 T.
2. Pacxon MyY<H B 'lac:
6860
23"= 300 I<I'/'l.
54
55
3. qacoBoii: pacxoJJ; )!lliJJ;IGrX APO>IOKeii::
300XO,30 = 90 KY/q
PaC'IeT o60PY006aHW1.
PacqeT o6opYJJ;oBaHIDI npOH3BOP',HTCH B COOTBeTCTBHH C 06'beMOM ocaxa-
pernlOii: 11 3aKBalUeHHoii: 3aBapKH, :>KHJJ;KHX p:po)!OKeii::
8. KOJIH'IeCTBO 3aBapO'llibIX MalUMH:
(;a;03HpOBKa :>KHJJ;KHX ;a;po)JOl(eii: B TeCTO - 30% OT MaCCbl M}'KH B TeCTO) .
4. qacoBoii: pacxoJJ; M}'KII )JJIH IIpllroTOBJIeHIIH :>KH)J:KMX JJ;p0)l()!(eii: (co-
OTHOlUeHHe MYKa-BoJJ;a 1:4 B 3aBapKe):
90 : 5 = 18 Kr/q.
90 (TIpox + TIP3aB + TIPocax) X 1,05
60 X 250
90 X 190X 1,05
60 X250
1,197,
5. qacoBoii: pacxoJJ; ocaXapemlOll: 3aBapKH:
18X5 = 90 Kr/q.
18X23XO.03
100
0,1242 KY,
r;a;e 90 - qaCOBO" pacxOJJ; ocaxapeHHoii: 3aBapKH, Kr;
TIpox - npoJJ;OJI:>KHTeJIbHOCTb OXJIa)!()J;eIillH M}"JH0ii: 3aBapKH, MHH
(60 MllH);
TIP3aB - npop:OJI:>KHTeJIbHOCTh 3aBap1lBalUfH, MHH (10 Mlm) ;
TIpocax - IIpO;a;OJI:>KHTeJIbHOCTb ocaXapMBaHHH, MHH (120 MMH);
1,05 - 05'beMHaH Macca 3aBapKH, Kr;
250 - KOJIli'leCTBO ocaxapeHHoii: 3aBapKli, Kr (Ta6JI. 23).
,IJ,nH nplirOTOBJIeHliH MY'lliOii: 3aBapKli B KOJIH'leCTBe 250 Kr IIpHHliMaeT-
CH K YCTaHOBKe 2 3aBapO'lHbIX MaIIDIHbI X32M-300.
9. KOJIH'leCTBO 'laHOB )J,JIH 3aKBalUeHlwH 3aBapKli; 05'beM 3aKBalUeH-
Hoii: 3aBapKH:
90 X 7 X 1,1 == 693 Kr,
rp:e 90 - 'l3COBOM pacxoJJ; ocaxapeHHoii 3aBapKH, Kr;
7 - npoJJ;OJI:>KHTeJIMfOCTb 3aKBalUliBaHliH 3aBapKH, '1;
1,1 - K03<l>4mIWeHT 3anaca eMKocrn Ha BCneIillBaHHe.
,IJ,nH nplirOTOBJIeHHH 3aKBaIIIeHlwii: 3aBapKli rrpliMeHHeTcH K YCTaHOBKe
2 qaHa P3-XtI,!(-1400 (1 - 3anaCHoil).
10. KOJIH'lecTBo 'laHOB )J,JIH :>KH;a;KliX ;a;po)l()I(eii::
06'beM :>KH;a;KHX JJ;po>lO!,eii::
90 X 4 X 1,35 = 436 Kr,
r 90 - qaCOBoH pacxoJJ; MY'lliOii: 3aBapKIf, Kr;
4 - npoJJ;OJI:>KHTeJIbHOCTb nplirOTOBJIeHlIH p:po)l()I(eil, '1;
1,35 - K03 HIWeHT 3anaca eMKOCTH Ha BcneHIfBaHHe.
)J,ru:!: p:aHHorO 05'beMa )l(HAKHX JJ;p0)!OKeil npliHllMaeTcH K ycraHoBKe
qaH P3-Xq,!(-1400 - 2 lUT. (B TOM 'illCJIe 1 3anacHoH 'laM).
6. PacxoJJ; 3aKBalUeHHoH 3aBapKH:
90X7 == 630 Kr,
rJJ;e 7 - npoJJ;OJI:>KHTerrbHOCTb 3aKBalI1llBaHHH 3aBapIGr, 'I.
Y'illTbIBaH pa3HlilO' Me)!()J;y npOJJ;oml<lUeJIbHOCTblO 3aKBaIIillnaIIHH 3aBap-
KH (7 '1) H BblpaIWIBaHHH JJ;p0)l()I(eii: (4 'I), 05'beM 3aKBalUeHHoM 3aBapKH
YBeJIH'llIBaeTCH B 2 pa3a.
630X2 == 1260 Kr.
7. CYTO'llibIii: pacxop::
COJIOAa He epMeHrnpOBalmOrO - 2% K-Macce MYKH B 3aBapKe:
18 X23X2 == 8 28
100 ,Kr,
AMHJ10pH3liHa TIlOx (AC-2000 eA/r) - 0,01% K Macee MYKli B 3aBapKe:
18X23XO,0l = 0 414
100 ,0. Kr,
l'J1IOKOaMIDIa3bI0'illl..I.(eHHOH (fJ1C-2000 epJr) -0,03% K Macce MYKli
B 3aBapKe:
CMeCli AMIDIopH3HHa TI lOx (AC- 2000 e;a;/r) H rJIIOKOaMHJ1a3bl OllHru;eH-
HOM (fJIC-2000 epJr):
18X23XO,05
AMIlJIOpH3HH TIlOx = 100
18X23XO 03
fmOKOaMHJ1a3a == 100 ' 0,1242 KY.
0,0207 Kr,
AnnapaTypHaH cxeM3 IIpHrOTOBJIeHHH )l(H,U;KHX npo)l()I(eu
B 3aBliCHMOCrn OT BaplfaHTa npolf3Bop:CTBa )K!f,!J;KliX JJ;po)!OKeil (5e3
pa35aBJIeHHH BOJJ;oH H C pa35aBJIeHlieM BOAOH) alIIIapaTypHo-TeXHOJIOrH-
qeCKaH cxeMa 5blBaeT ABYX rnnOB.
AnnapaTypHaH cxeMa npHroTOBJIeHliH )l(H,[(KliX JJ;po:>IOKeii: 5e3 pa35aB-
JIeHliH BOAoii: BKJIlO'laeT 3aBapO'lHYIO MalI1llHY MapKH X3-2M-300, 5aqOK
BOP:OcOJIenogroTOBHTeJIbHbIH ffi2-X,IJ,H, A03aTOp CbInytIHX KOMIIOHeHTOB
ffi2-X,!(2-A H qeTblpe 'laHa MapKH P3-Xq,!(-1400, npeAHa3HaqeHHble )JJIH 3a-
KBalUMBaHliH 3aBapKH, )J,JIH OXJIIDKAeHliH 3aKBalUeHHoM 3aBapKH, )J,JIH Bbl-
pauumaHliH AP0)K)I(eii H pacxop:Hblii 'laH, H3 KOTOpOro :>KHAKHe AP0)l()KH no-
cTynaroT Ha npOH3BOACTBO.
56
57
qaH }J,JHI OXJ1IDK,lJ;eHHH 3aKBauIeHHOH 3aBapKH cHa6JKeH Termo06MeH-
HHKOM M3C-079. C eJIblO nOMep>KaHHH BbICOKOH TeMnepaTypbl B qaHe
wm 3aKBalllHBaHHH pa3Mell(aeTCH 3MeeBMK, no KOTOpOM}' nponYCKaeTCH
nap. qaHbl )J.J1H 3aI<BaIllliBaHHH H Bblpall(HBaHHH AP0)l()l(eH cHa6>KeHbl TMXO-
XOnHblMH MeruaJIKaMH (PMC. 1).
.. DOJtO'lDO
3aBapHBaHMe I\.1}'KlI, ocaxapHBaHHe H 3aI<BaUIHBaHMe 3aBapKM npoM3Bo-
1J,HTCH TaK JKe, KaK H npH rrpMroTOBnemIM :>KH)J.KMX )];p0)l()l(eH 6e3 pa3631meHllH
BOAoH, )J;aJIee 3aKBameHHaH 3aBapKa rrepeK3'111BaeTCH B 'ffiH )J.J1H OXJ1aJKAeHllil
3aKBarueHHoH 3aBapKH (}J.JIH npMroToBneHMH ID:ITaTeJIbHOI1 cMecH) M H3
BOAoMepHoro 6a'lKa CID:lBaeTCH orrpep:eJIeHHblM KOJIWleCTBOM XOJIOAHOH BO-
Abl B 3aBMCHMocrn OT CIeneHH pa36aBJIeHHH 3aI<BameHHOH 3aBapKll.
TIoCJIepylOll(Me 3TaIIbi rrpoH3BoAcTBa )l(J.jJJ:KlIX p:poJKJKeii aHaJIOrH'lHb1
BapmllI1}' I, onMcaHHoM}' Bblrue.
TIpH npoeKTHpOBamIM Ap0)l()l(eBbIX eXOB JKeJIaTeJIbHO HCXO}J;HTh H3
B03MOJKHO 60JIee npocToro YCTpoHcrna exa, C MIffiHMaJIbHOH 3aTpaTOH
MeXaHHqeCKOH 3Hepnm, C TaKHM pa3Mell(emreM qaHOB, qT06bl M36eJKaTb
JIllilIHllX nepeKa'illBaHHH ocaxapeHHoH, 3aKBarueHHoH 3aBapKif H )/(H)];KlIX
Ap0)l()l(eH. B 06H3aTeJIbHOM nOpHJJ:Ke ex LlOJIJKeH 6hlTb 060pYP:oBan BhITIDI<-
HOH BeHTHlIHIJ;HeH )J.J1H yp:aJIeHllH 60JIbruoro KOJUf'IeCTBa yrJIeKI1CJIOrO ra3a H
BOLlHHbIX napoB, KOTopble BbI)J,eJIillOTCH B npo ecce Bblpall(MBaIUiH )l(J.jJJ:KlIX
Ap0)l()l(eH (1 M" :>KH)J.KMX AP0)l()l(eH 3a 8 'I BbIp:eJIHeT )];0 7,5 M 3 yrJIeKllcJIoro
ra3a).
IIoMell(eHHe exa P:OJIJKHO 6bITb CBeTJIhIM, OTHOClITeJIbHO npocTopHbIM,
OCHall(eHHbIM OTp:eJIbHbIM OTceKOM lDIlf KOMHaTOH, rAe pa3MemaeTcH He06-
XOAMMoe 060pY)];OBaHHe )J.J1H TeKYlilero KOHTpOJIH 3a KaqeCTBOM )l(J.jJJ:KHX
p:p0)l()l(eH. KpoMe Toro, 3p:eCb AOJIJKHbl 6bITh pacnOJIOJKeHbl paKOB!1Hbl C nOA-
BO)J.KOH XOJIO]J,HOH M rOpHqeH BO)];bl, OT)];eJIbHblM BO)];OCJIMBOM Henocpep:cT-
BeHHO B nOJIY (}J.JIH MOHKH nOMell(eHHH exa). CTeHbJ exa JKeJIaTeJIbHO
BbIDOJKHTb 6eJIOH rmHTKOH, Ha OKHax AomKHbI 6blTb pa3MemeHhl MeTaJDIH-
qeCKUe ceIKM BO M36eJKaHHe npoHliKHoBeHHH B ex B JIeTHee BpeMH Hace-
KOMbIX.
r-l
y
PHe. 1. ArrliapaTypHaJI CXCMa rrpHrOTOBneHIUI )l(l!AKlIX AP0)l()I(ell
1 - GaQOK BOnOconenOnroTOBHTC1IbHbIH 1II2-X)J;H; 2 - n03aTOp cbmy'lllx KOMnOHeH-
TOB 1II2-X,l],2-A; 3 - 3aBapO'IHaH MaWHHa X3-2M.300; 4 - 1IaH npm!OKeBOii P3-XQ,l],.
1400; 5 -1IaH P3-X'l,l],c BOp,JIHOii pyGawKoii; 6 - HaCOCHaH YCT3HOBKa IJJHK-18.S
3aBapMBaHHe I\.1}'KH M OCaXapHBaIille 3aBapKH OCyureCTBJIHeTCH B 3aBa-
pO'lHOH MalIDII-Ie, H3 KOIOpOH ocaxapelffiaH 3aBapKa C nOMOll(blO HaCOCHblX
YCTanOBOK IIIHK-18,5 nOCTynaeT B qan}J.JIH 3aKBaIlIHBaHHH.
113 qaHa LlJIH 3aKBalUHBaHHH 3aBapKa rrepeKa'll1BaeTCH B 'Ian P:JIH ox-
JIaJK,!J;eHllil 3aKBameHHOH 3aBapKH. 3AeCb 3aKBameHHaH 3aBapKa OXJ1aJK,!J;a-
eTCH H nOCTynaeT B 'Ian )J.J1H Bblpall(HBaHHH :>KHP:KlIX p:pOJKJKeH. .1J.aJIee JKHP:-
KHe ApOJKJKH nepeKa'illBaIOTCH B paCXOAHbrii qaH H nocTynalOT Ha npOH3-
BOACTBO.
B omwrne OT anrrapaTypHOH CXeMbI npOH3BOACTBa JKH)J.KHX p:pOJKJKeH
6e3 pa36aBJIeIillH BOAOH B cxeMe npHrOTOBJIeIillH >KIfP:KMX p:poJKJKeii C pa3-
6aBJ1eHMeM BOAOH, rrOMHMO YKa3aHHbix eAMHlI 060pY)];OBaHHH, P:OII01lliH-
TeJIbHO BKJIIO'IeH elile o}J;lm Bop:OCOJIenop:rOTOBHTeJIbHbIH 6aqOK IU2-X)U1,
KOTOpbrii pacnOJIaraeTCJI HenocpeAcTBeillm Hap: qaHOM }J.JIJI OXJ1aJKp:eHHH
3aKBarueHHoH 3aBa pKH (P:JIJI npHrOTOBJIeHHJI mna TeJIbHOH CMeCH).
58
59
B pa3BO)],0'lliOM WlKJIe ee rOTOBHT 1'13 MYKH, BO)J.bI, 'illCTbIX KynbTYP
3aKBaCO'IHbIX )],pO:>iOKei1: 1'1 MOnOlllIOIQIICJThIX 6aI<TepHH, IUIH 3aKBaCKH npe)K-
Hero npHroToBnelillH C )],06aBneHHeM B I «1Ja3e npeCCOBaHHbIX )],p0)K:>KeH.
B npoH3Bo)],cTBellliO!\1 IUIKJIe rycTYlO 3aKBacKY no)],)],ep)!G!Ba,I{)T B aKTHB-
HOM COCTOHHHH rryTeM OCBe)KeHHH no )],OCTH)KeHHH Tpe6yeMoH KllcnOTHOCTH.
B n6nHIJ;aX pacxo)], CblpbH B 3aKBaCKax no «1Ja3a..l\1 pa3Bo)],O'ffioro J.W[Kna
nOKa3aH H3 pacqeTa Ha 100 KI' MYlGi B III «1Ja3e, B npoH3Bo)],CTBeHHOM IlliK-
ne - Ha 100 Kr M)'I<R B 3aKBaCKe.
IIpH 3aMeCe TeCTa C rYCTOH 3aKBaCKOH BHOCHT 25-33% MYKH C nocne-
)],YIDIWIM Bbl6pa:>KMmUmeM B TeqeHHe 75-120 MHH 1UIn: 40-60% MYKH (Ha
,,60JThlllOH" rycToi1: 3aKBacKe) C COKpaIIJ;eHHeM npo)],on>KHTe.JIbHOCTH BbI6pa-
:>KMBaIlHfI )],0 30-60 MIDi.
Pa3)],en 3
cnOCOBbI IIPHrOTOBJIEHIDI TECTA
B HaCTO.HIIJ;eM pa3)],ene OIIRCaHbI OCHOBHbIe npaBlUla 1'1 THIIH3HpOBaH-
HbIe TeXHonorWleCKHe pe)!GfMbI npMroToBJieHHH TeCTa 1'13 pa3HbIX COpTOB
MYKH p:>KanOH, nllleHWllIOH H HX CMeceH, npH c06nlO)],eHHH KOTOpbIX 06ec-
netJHBaeTCH Bblpa60TKa CTaH)],apmOH npo)],YKI.UIlf.
IIpH nepepa60TKe M)'KH C nOHH)KeIffibIMH XJle60neKapHbIMH CBOMcrna-
MH TeXHOJIOrHqeCKHe napaMeTpbl Moryr KoppeKTHpOBaThCH B COOTBeTCTBHH
C peKOMeH)],au,tUIMH (IIpHJ10)Kelllie N° 4).
IIpH 3TOM BJ1a)KHOCTh, KHCJIOTHOCTh, nopHCTOCTh rOToBoH np0)],YKIOOI
)],on>KHbI 6i>ITb B npcp;enax, yCTaHOBJIeHHbIX HopMaTHBaMH IUIH )],onYCKaMH,
pa3peIlIeHHbIMH )],HpeKTHBHbIMH )]'OKYMeHTaMH'
Pa3BO)],O'llibIH KJI C DpHMeHeHHeM )Iill)],KHX
'lHCThIX Kynb1YP AP0:»oKeA 1'1 MOJIOIJHOKHCJThlX 6aKTepHii
B KaqeCTBe 'lHCTbIX KYJIbTYP Hcnonb3YlOT CMeCb nellliHrpa)],cKHx IlITaM-
MOB MOnO'IHOKUCnbIX 6aKTepIDi L.plantarum-63, L.brevis-5, L.brevis-78 B
CoqeTa1urn: co IlITaMMOM )],p0)K)KeH S.minor "qepHOpeqeHCKHii" Ha conO)],OBOM
cycne (Ta6n. 24).
3.1. IIPHrOTOBnEHllE TECTA 113 PiKAHOA MYKII
II CMECM PJl{AHOA II nIIIEHll'IHOH MYKM
Peucmypa II pe1!GIM npllrOTOBJlCHlIft rycroH 3aKBaCKII
B pa3BOAO'IHOM ltHKJle Ha )I(l!AKIfX KYJIbTYPax ,o;pOJlOKeH
II MOJIO'IHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTcpHii
TecTo }J.JlH xne6a H3 P)KaHOH 1'1 CMeCH P)KlliiOH H nIllellli'IHOH MyKH MO)K-
HO IIpHroTOBJIHTh Ha rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe; Ha :>KM)],KOH 3aKBaCKe 6e3 3aBapKH;
Ha )KH,1J;KOH 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKOH; Ha KOHIJ;eHTpHpOBaHHOH 6e3)],pO>lOKeBoii
MOnOtJHOKHCnOH 3aKBaCKe.
no nOJ1HOMY pa3BOp;OIJHOM)' J.W[KJIY 3aKBaCKH npHroToBnHIOT 1-2 pa-
3a B rOA no YCTaHOBJIeIffioM)' Ha Ka)!{)J;OM npeAIIpHHTHH rpa«1JHKY ruIH no
Mepe He06xo)J;llMocrn npH YXYAIllemili nO)],'beMHOH CMbl, 3aMe}J.Jlemili KHC-
JIOTOHaI<onnelllia:, H3MeHefl..llli BKyca, 3anaxa H APyrnx )],e4;>eKToB H3-3a BbI-
Hy)K}J.eHH.bIX npocToeB IUIH HapyrnellliM YCTaHoBneHHoro TexnonOrnqeCKOrO
pe:>KMMa.
TaGJIlIua 24
HaHMeHOBaIlHe CbIpbH,
nony.pa6pm<8ToB H
nOKa38TeJ1efi npov;ecca
III
<I>a3bI pa3BOnO'IHOro IJ;HKn8
)!(lIP;KlIC KYJlbTypbI MOJlO'IHOKHCJl.bIX 6aKTcpllit, 11:
L.plantarum-63
L. brcvis-5
L.brcvis-78,
)!(HP.KM KYJlbTypa p;p0)l()Kcfi S.minor "qepHope'leH-
CKnit",11
3aKBaCKa npCI1bIAYIUel1: !}Ja3bl, Kr
KOJIH'leCTBO MYKII B 3aKBaCKe, Kr
MYKa p)l(amill oOOfiHaH lInll OGP;lIpHM, Kr
BOAa, Kr
06IUaJ! Macca, Kr
BJ1axmocTb, %
TCMIIepaTYpa Ha'laJlbHa5l, 0 C
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHM, rpap;:
113 06ol1:Hoil MyKII
11:3 OGAHpHol1: MYKII
npol10Jl)l(l!TeJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHH5I, 'I
3.1.1. np roToBneHHe TeCTa Ha I'YCTOA 3aKBaCKe
,UaHHlJIlI cnoco6 peKOMeH.nyeTcH npHMeHHTb npH nplITOTOBnemlH TeCTa
1'13 P)KilHOi1: 060fuIoH 1'1 06)],llpHOH M)'KH, a TaK)Ke H3 CMeCIi pa3HbIX COpTOB
P)Kil!JOH H IDlieHHIJHOH M)'KIL
fYCTaH 3aKBaCKa )],on)KHa HMeTb Bna)KHOCTb 48-50%, KHcnOTHOCTb
13-16 rpaA H3 P)KaHoi1: o60fuIoH IUlH 11-14 rpaA H3 P)Kil}{OH 06)],UPHOH
M}'KH 1'1 nO)],'beMHYID CllJIY "no rnapHKY" )],0 25 MIiH.
60
0,4
0,3 '
0,3
0,15
13,0
13,0
27,0
58-60
26-28
27,0
13,0
27,0
14,0
68,0
48-50
26-28
7-9
6-8
10-13
9-11
8-10
4-6
68,0
40,0
60,0
42,0
170,0
48-50
26-28
13-16
11-14
4-6
61
npH BblBeAemrn rYCTOH 3aKBaCKH no pa3BOIJ;0'lHOMY ltHKny B 'illCT}'ro
eMKOCTh BHOCliT 'laCTh BOAhI (06hl'lH0 50% OT 0611tero KOnH'leCma ee) C
TeMIIepaTypoH OKono 28 0 C H 'lHCTLle KynbTypLI MHKpoopraHH3MOB Ha
conOAOBOH cpelJ;e, nOAI'OTOBneHHLle cornaCHO HHCTPYKIOOI (npHnO:>KeHHe).
3aTeM IJ;06aBnHroT M}'KY, OCHlBmyroCH BO)]y, Bce TlltaTeJ1LHO nepeMellIHBa-
lOT 1J.0 nOJ1yqeHHH OAHOp01J,HOH MaCCLI H OCTaBnHIOT 1J.1"111 6pO:>KeHHH. Ha 3a-
KBaCKe I cl>a3LI 3aMeIllHBaIOT 3aKBacKY II; a 3aTeM III cl>a3LI (170 Kr), co-
Aep>Kafltt)H 100 Kr M}'KH. npH 3arpY3Ke IJ;e>K!i MYKOH H3 paC'leTa 120 Kr
KOJIHtIeCTBO BHOCHMoro CLlphSi (B TOM 'illcne 'illCTLIX KynhTYP H nonycl>a6-
pHKaTOB no cl>a3aM pa3BOlJ;0'lHOro ltHKJ1a) yae:rrn'illBaIOT B 1,2 pa3a.
Pa3Bo1J.0'lHLrn ltHKJI MO:>KHO Jla'illHaTh TaK:>Ke C He60nhWOH MaCChI 3aK-
BaCKH (5 KT B 1 cl>a3e) B ycnoBHfIX npOH3BOlJ;cTBeHHoH na60paTOpHH.
npH nOM 'illCTLle KynbTypLI MOnO'lHOKHcnbIX 6aKTepHH Hcnonh3yroT
H3 aMIIyn HJ1H np06HpOK (no 10-15 MJI), a IJ;P0)l(>K!i - B BRAe CMLIBa C
O}J;Horo KOCHKa B 10 MJ1 BOAhI.
KynLTypbl MHKpOOpraHH3MOB CJUfBaIOT BMeCTe, IJ;OfraBJUiIOT 2,6 n BOAhI,
2,35 KT MYKH p:>KaHOH 060HHOH HJ1H 06gnPHOH, Bce TI aTenhHO nepeMeIllH-
BaIOT H nOMelltaIOT B TepMocTaT C TeMnepaTYPoH 27 :t 1 0 C 1J,J1H 6p0)l(eHIDl.
no IJ;OCTIDI<emrn KHCnOrnOCTH 7-9 rpap; (06hI'lHOqepe3 10-13 'I) K 3aKBac-
Ke I cl>a3bl Ao6aBnJllOT 3,5 Kr MyKH, 1,5 n BOAhI, TlltaTenbHO nepeMellIHBaIOT,
BLI6pa)KHBaIOT B TepMocTaTe npH TOH :>Ke TeMIIepaType B Te'leHHe 4-6 'I H
nO)1yqaIOT 10 Kr 3aKBaCKH II cpa3bl. K 3aKBaCKe II cl>a3bI IJ;06aBJUiIOT 8,8 KI'
MYKH, 6,2 n BOAhI, nepeMellIHBaIOT, Bbl6pa)KHBaIOT H nonyqaIOT 25 Kr 3aKBac-
KH III cl>a3bl Pa3BOAO'lHoro HKna.
TeXHOnOrH'leCKHe napaMeTpbl (Bna:>KHOCTh, TeMIIepaTypa, KOHe'lHaJI
KHCnOrnOCTh) 3aKBacKH, BbIBOgnMOH C He60J1bWOH Maccbl, p;On:>KHbl 6bITb
TaKHMH :>Ke, 'lTO H npH BLlBeAemrn ee C 6onbwoH MaCCbl (Ta6n. 24).
BLl6po:>KeHHyro 3aKBacKY III cl>a3LI pa3BOp;O'lHOro ltHKJIa nepeHocSiT B
p;e>KY H Aanee HaKaIUIHBaIOT 13.0 Hy:>KHoro Ko:rrnqecma nyTeM OCBe:>KeHHH npH
c06moAemrn COOTHoweHHH Bcex KOMIIOHeHTOB TpeTbeH cl>a3LI pa3BOIJ;0'lHQ-
ro ltHKJIa, T. e. K 40% 3aKBaCKH 1J.06annJllOT 60% nHTaTeJIbHOH CMeCH, coc-
TOHllteH H3 58,5 KI' MYKII H 41,5 n BOP;bl B paCqeTe Ha 100 Kr IIHHIHHH.
B OAROH IJ;03e cyxoro JIaKT06aKTepHHa (1 r) COlJ;ep)KHTCH OKono
10 MJlplJ;. )fQfBblX KneTOK MOnO'lHOKHCnbIX 6aKTepHH.
.anH BbIBelJ;eHHSl rycToH 3aKBaCKH HCnOJIb3yroT naKT06aKTepHH H3 CMeCH
WTaMMOB L.plantarum-30, L.brevis,5, L.brevis-78 H 'illCT}'IO KynbT}'py
IJ;pO>lOKeH S.minor "qepHope'leHCKHiI" J3 BRAe CMbma ApO>IOKeBbIX Kono-
HHH C KOCHKOB Ha cycno-arape B np06HpKaX C nOMOlltLIO BOP;onpOBOAROH
BOAhI. npH OTC}'TCTBHH 'illCTOH KYJIbrypLI p;onYCKaeTCH npHMeHeHHe npecco-
BaHHLIX APO>IOKeH (Ta6n. 25).
Ta6nlll.{825
Pel.{cmypa H peXGIM npmOTOBneHiIJI rycToii saKBaCKH
B p83BO.QO'IHOM IVIKJle Ha CYXOM naKTo6aKTepHHe
AKTHB8J:(H1! cI>83hI pa3BO.QO'IHOro ItBKn8
H8HMCHOBIIHHe CbIpl>Jl, !3aKl!1lcOQ
nonY4>a6pHKaTOB H nOK838TeJIeU cyxoro III
npOI ecca naKTa- HbIX I II
6aKTepu- npo;l(>Keii:
Ha
Pa3B01J.o'lHLIilltHKJI C IIpHMeHeHHeM cyxoro naKTo6aKTepHHa
CyCUCH31UI JlaKTo6aKTepHHa 1J)UI 0,060
ryCTbIX XJlC6HbIX 3aI<BaCOK (6 1103
B 60 MJJ BOI1Id) , n
CycneH3l1H /1P0)l()l(cil S.minor ,,'Icp- 0,030
HOpC'ICHcKIlii:" (CMbIB C 3-x KOCHKOB
B 30 MJJ BOAbI) ": n
AKTHBlIpOBaIlHbrH naKT06aKTepHH, KI' 4,0
AKTlIBHpOBaIlHble /1P0)I()I(Ji, I<I' 1,0
3aKBacKa npcp;hIp;Yll(efi !}Ja3bi, Kr 27,0 68,0
KOnH'lCCTBO MYKII B 3aKBaCKC, Kr 13,0 40,0
MYK8 P)l(aHM oGOiIHMlIJIlI 06AHP- 2,0 0,5 10,5 27,0 60,0
HM,I<I'
BoJJ,a, Kr 1,94 0,47 11,5 14,0 42,0
06IUaH Macca, I<I' 4,0 1,0 27,0 68,0 170,0
Bna)I(HocTb, % 57-58 57-58 58-60 48-50 48-50
TCMIICpaTypa Ha'laJlbHaH, 0 C 33-35 28-30 26-28 26-28 26-28
KllcnOTHOCTb KOHe'lHaH, rpaA:
113 oGoiIHoil MYKYI 4-5 7-9 9-11 13-16
H3 06AHPHOii: MyKYI 4-5 6-8 8-10 11-14
n pop;On)!(llTem.HOCTb 6pO)l(eHlIH, 'I 4-5 4-5 10-13 4-6 4-6
* lIJIH 3 r npeCCOBaIlHbIX xne60neKapHbIX Apo)l()l(eit B 30 MJI BOALI.
CYXOH naKT06aKTepHH 1J,J1H xne6HblX 3aKBaCOK npelJ;CTaBnHeT C060H
06e3BO:>KeHHyro cy6mfMaltHeH 6HOMaCCY MOnO'lHOKHcnbIX 6aKTepHH B BH)J;e
MeJ1KOnOpHcTLIX Ta6neTOK :>KenTOBaTOro eTa B CreKJIHHHblX cl>naKoHax CO
CpOKOM rO)J;HOCTH AO 12 Mec npH XpaHemrn B XOno)J.IUILHHKe npH TeMIIepa-
Type 4_8 0 C.
62
63
llepep; Haqan:OM pa:mOP;O'lHoro LUIKJ1a C qmaKoHOB C CYXHM naKT06aKTe-
PHHO¥ CIDIMalOT. MeTan:JIllqeCKHe KOnna'lKH H pe3HHOBbIe np06KH. B Ka Iii:
H3 6-TH <1>naKoHoB, cop;ep)l(aIl\Hii no I p;03e cyxoro naKT06aKTepHHa, p;06aB-
JIJllOT no 10 MJI Bop;OnpOBO]J;Hoii BO]J;bI C Tel\lIIepaTypoii 38--40°C H BbIp;ep-
>I<HBaIOT 10 MliH WUI Ha6yxaHJUI KneTOK MOnO'IHOKlICJIblX 6aKTepllii.
BOP;HylO cycneH31110 naKT06aKTepHHa (Bcero 60 MJI) BHOCHT B IDITaTenb-
HylO CMeCb H3 p)l(aHoii MyKH 1I BOP;bI, TlQaTenbHO nepeMeIillIBalOT 1I OCTaB-
JIJIlOT Ha 4-5 q npH TeMneparype 33-35°C p;nH aKTlIBaIJ;lIli MOnO'IHOKHCnbIX
6aKTepHii. llpH nop;roToBKe 3aKBaCO'lHbIX .n;poFJKeii B Ka:>K,r:\yIO H3
3-x npo6HpoK C KOIIomUIlvrn .n;pO>lOKeBbIX KneTOK Ha KOCHKax cycno-
arapa .n;06aBnHIOT no 10 MJI HeCTepllJIbHOii Bop;onpoBO]J;Hoii BOP;bI, HMelOlI!eii
TeMneparypy 28-30°C. llYTeM BCTpHXHBaHHH 1I C nOMOlI!bIO cTeKnHHHoii na-
nOqKlI CMbmaIOT KIIeTKH p;p0)l()I(eii C KOCHKOB.
L{an:ee BO,lJ;HyIO cycneH31110 p;p0)l()I(eii (Bcero 30 MJI) BHOCHT B IDITaTeJIb-
Hyro CMeCb H3 MYKH H BOP;bI 1I OCTaBnHIOT ,lJ;JU! aKTlIBal{lIli .n;pO>lOKeBbIX KIIe-
TOK npll TeMIIepaType 28-30°C Ha 4-5 q.
AKTlIBHpoBaHHbIe naKTo6aKTepHH H 3aKBaCO'lHbIe P;pO)l()KlI cMeunmaIOT
C BO.n;OH H MYKoii, TlI!aTenbHO nepeMeIillIBalOT p;o nOIIyqeIDIH O]J;H0p0]J;Hoii
MaCCbI H OCTaBIIHlOT ,lJ;JIH OpO)l(eHHH.
Ha BbI6pa)KeHHOii 3aKBacKe I <1>a3bI rOTOBHT 3aKBaCKY II, a 3aTeM
III <1>a3bI (170 Kr), cop;ep)KaII.{eii 100 Kr MYKlI.
llpH 3arpY3Ke .n;e)Kll MyKoii H3 pacqeTa 120 Kr KOIIlIqeCTBO CbIpbH H
nony<1>a6pHKaToB no <1>a3aM pa3BOp;0'lHoro l{lIKIIa }'Benll'llIBaIDT B 1,2 pa3a.
llpH BbIBep;eIDIH rycToii 3aKBaCKH C ue60IIbwoii MaCCbI (5 Kr) Hcnonb-
3YlOT 3 P;03bI cyxoro IIaKT06aKTepHHa B 30 MJI BO.n;bI C npe,IJ;BapHTeJIbHoii:
aKTlIBal{Heii B TeqeIDIe 4-5 q npll 33-35°C B IDITaTeJIbHoii: CMeCH H3 0,45 Kr
MYKH H 0,5 n BO]J;bI. AKTHBHpOBaHHbIii IIaKT06aKTepliH TII.{aTeIIbHO CMelillI-
BalOT C cycneH3Heii 3aKBaCO'IlffiIX p;po>IOKeii B BH.n;e CMbIB3 C KOCHKa (10 MJI)
HIIH C cycneH311eii npec«oBaHHbIx p;po>IOKeii (1 r B 10 MJI BO]J;bI) . MlIKpoopra-
HH3MbI BHOCHT B IDITaTeIIbHyIo CMeCb H3 1,8 Kr MYKH H 2,19 n BO]J;bI,lJ;JIH no-
nyqeHIDI 5 Kr 3aKBaCKH I <1>a3bI, 3aTeM II H III <1>11.3 pa3BOp;0'IHOro IUIKna
C co6nlOp;eIDIeM TeXHOIIOrHqeCKHX napaMeTpoB, YKa3aHHbIX B m6n. 25.
BbI6po)KeHHyIO 3aKBacKY III <1>a3bI nepeHoCHT B p;e)K}' H HaKarulllBalOT
p;o Hy)KHoro KOJIllqeCTBa nYTeM OCBe)Kemrn, KaK :no YKa3aHO npH OIDIcaHHlI
npol{ecca HaKonneIDIH 3aKBaCKH Ha )KIiP;KHX 'illCTbIX KynbTypax.
Pacxop; CblpbH H .nOKa3aTenH npol{ecca no <1>a3aM pa3BOp;0'lHoro 1!,1IKna
npe.n;cTaBneHbI B Ta6n. 26.
Ta6JIllua 26
PeL\emypa H peiKIIM npHrOTOBJIeHHfi ryCTOH 3aKBaCKYI
B pa3Bo,o;O'IHOM L\IIKJIe Ha 3aKBaCKe npe)I(Hero npllroTOBJIeHIIJI
HanMeHOB3HlIe CbIpbJl, nony!f>a6pHKaTQB
II nOJ<:a38TenCH npo ecca
cI>83hI pa3BOj:\oworo UlII(na
III
3,0
0,3
20,0 55,0
10,0 30,0
9,0 20,0 70,0
8,0 15,0 45,0
20,0 55,0 170,0
54-56 52-54 48-50
26-28 26-28 26-28
9-11 10-13 13-16
7-9 8-10 11-14
3-5 3-5 3-5
3aKBaCKa npe)l(Hero IIpllroTOBJICHlIH, Kr
.IJ.P0)l()I(lI xnc60lIcKapHble npeCCOBaIlHbIC, Kr
3aKBacKa npe,IJ.b/AYll(eit !}Ja3b!, Kr
KOJIlI'IeCTBO MYKII B 3aKBaCl<e, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHaH o6ofiHaH lIJIlI 06AHpHaH, Kr
Bo,o;a, Kr
Macca 3aKBacKII, Kr
Bna)l(HOCTb, %
TCMIIepaTYpa Ha'I8JJbHaH, °c
KlICJIOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaH, rpa,IJ.:
113 060ilHOil MYKII
113 06,IJ.llpHOIl MYKII
npOAOJI)I(lITCJIbHOCTb 6pO)KeHIIH, 11
llpH 06HOBIIeHilli 3aKBaCKH no pa3BOp;O'IH0M}' l{HKIIY CMelillIBalOT
cnenyIO 3aKBaCKY, npeCCOBaHHbIe P;pO>K)KIi H BO.n;y (06bIqHO 50% OT 06lI!ero
KOJIllqeCTBa ee), 3aTeM p;06aBnHlOT MYKY, oCTaBwYlOcH BO]];)' C TeMneparypoii
25-27°C H npOp;OII)KalOT 3aMec p;o nOIIyqeIDIH O]J;H0p0]J;Hoii MaCCbI. Bbl6po-
)KeHHYIO 3aKBacKY I <1>a3bI pa3MelillIBaIOT C Bop;oii, P;06aBIIHlOT MYKY, 3aMe-
lillIB3IOT 1I BbI6pa>I<HBaIOT 3aKBacKY II, aHa Heii 3aKBacKY III <1>a3bI pa3BOp;Oq-
Horo l{lIKIIa (170 Kr), cop;ep)K(llI!eii 100 Kr M}'KH. ITpH 3arpY3Ke p;e)KH
MYKOii B KOnHqeCTBe 120 Kr KOIIHqeCTBO BHOCHMoro CbIpbH no <1>a3aM pa3-
BOp;O'lHOro l{ilKIIa }'Benll'lliBaIOT B 1,2 pa3a.
Pa3BOP;O'lliLdf WlKJ1 C npHMeHeHHeM 3aKB3CKH
npe)KJfero npHroToBJteHIDI H npeCCOBaJIHLIX np0)K)I(ej!
npOH3Bop;crBeHHbW: I(HKJ1
,1Jjm BbIBep;eIDIH 3aKBaCKH no pa3BOP;O'IHoM}' l{ilKny B I <1>a3e Hcnonb-
3YlOT 3aKBacKY npe>KHero npliroToBneIDIH H npeccoBaHHble P;P0)K)KIi. "Cne-
nylO" 3aKBacKY (3 Kr) 6epYT co CBoero lIJIH C p;pyroro xne603aBop;a.
rycrylO 3aKBaCKY, BbIBep;eHIIylO no pa3BOp;O'IHOM}' l{lIKny III06LIM H3
OIDIcaHHbIX BblIlle cnoco60B, HaKannHBaIOT .n;o Hy)KHoro KOJIllqeCTBa H p;an:ee
nO)J,Ll;ep>I<HBaIOT B npoH3Bop;CTBeHHOM l{lIKIIe nYTeM OCBe)KeHHii C nocne]];)'lO-
Il\HM Bbl6pa)!GiBaHHeM P;O HaKOnneHJIH Tpe6yeMoH KlicnOTHOCTlI B 3aBHCHMO-
CTH OT copTa MYKH.
...
64
3 3aK. 1116
65
llpH 3TOM BhI6pO:>KeHHylO 3aKBaCKY B .n;e)l(ax .n;eJIHT 06hI'lHO Ha 4 wm
3 'l3CTIf, H3 KOTOphIX I 'IaCTh - COOTBeTCTBeHHO 25% II1IH 33,3% t ( 33)
B nepeC'IeTe Ha M)'KY HCnOJIh3yroT IJ,JUl BocnpoH3Bo.n;crna 38KBaCKH, a OCTaJIh-
H)'10 Macey paCXOAYlOT Ha npHCOTOBneHHe coorneTcrneHHO 3-x wm 2-x nop-
I:J;Iin TeCTa. llpH npHCOTOBnemm ,,60JIhllIOn" CYCTon 3aKBaCKH B 6ym<epHbIX
arpecaTax, B TOM 'lHCJIe II 118-XTA-6(l2) HenpephmHoro .n;enCTI3HH, HCnonh-
3yroT 40-50% M)'KH C BhI6po)l(eWIOn 38KBaCKOn Ha ee BocnpoIl3Bo.n;crno,
a OCTaJIhHOe KOJ1M<IeCTBO paCXoA)'lOT Ha 3aMec TeCTa (Ta6JI. 27).
T a 6 n II a 28
TCMnepatypa BOlIbl MR nonyqeHIIR 3aKBaCKII
C pa3Hoii HaQllTlbHOii TeMJIeparypoii
TeMnep8Typa
3I1KB8CKH.
HCnOlIb3yeMoii
AJUI
B0306HoBneHHR,
°c
TeMIIepa-
Typa °
M}'KH. C
Tpe6yeMaR HaqalIbHaR TeMIIe'p'8Typa
OCBtmceHllOii 3aKBaCKH, C
24
28
I 25
I 26 I
27 I
Tpe6yeMaR TeMIIepaTypa BO):tbl
AJIR OCBexceHHR 311KBaCKH, °c
14 29 30 34 38 43 47
16 29 27 31 35 40 44
18 29 24 28 33 37 41
20 29 21 2S 30 34 38
22 29 18 23 27 31 35
24 29 IS 2:0 24 28 32
DpHI'OTOBnelUle TeCTa
l' a 6 n 1I1U 27
Peuemypa H peJKHM DpuroTOBneJIWI ..yCTol 3lUQJacIQI
B npoB3BoACTBeBHOM QIIKJIe
PaCXOA CbIpbB H napaMeTpbI npo eeca
H8UMeHOBBJnIe CbIpbH, nony4J86pHKaToB IIPB BHeeemw MyKB e 38KB8CKOA
H nOKII38TeJIeH npo eCC8 naeeB0306HOBlIeHHe,%
2S SO
3aKBaCK8 npe>KHCro npllroToBneJDUI, J<r 42,0 56,0 68,0 85,0
MYKa pxmHaH 060IlHaH lIJ1l1 06Al1pHaR, Kr 75,0 67,0 60,0 50,0
BolJ,a, Kr 53,0 47,0 42,0 35,0
Macca 3aKBaCKlI, Kr 170,0 170,0 170,0 170,0
- Kon1l1leCTBo M)'KII B 3aKB8CKe, Kr 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
BJl8)1(HOCTb, % 48-50 48-50 48-50 48-50
TeMnepaTYpa HaqanbHaH, °c 25-28 25-28 25-28 25-28
KlICJ10THOCTb KOHe'IHaH, rp8,o;:
113 060itHOilMYKII 13-16 13-16 13- I 6 13-16
113 06Al1pHoit MYKII 12-14 12-14 12-14 12-14 .
npOAOn)l(HTenbHOCTb Gpo)!(eHlIJI, q 4-5 3-4 2,5-3,5 2,5-3,0
nOjJ;beMHM ClI1UI, MIIH 18-25 18-25 18-25 18-25
Tecto H8 rycTOn 3aKBaCKe MO)l(HO npHrotOBJIBTb B ,lJ;e>KaX "CnlHAapT"
H1IH A2-XTB; B 6ym<:epHLIx arperaTax nepHO,IJ;HtIeCKOrO H HenpephmHoro
.n;eHcTBHH.
Pacxo,lJ; ChIpbH (Ha 100 Kr M)'KH) H TeXHOnOrn'IeCKHe napaMeTpbI npH-
rOTOBneHHJI Tecn npH BHeCemm C cycToii 3aKBacKoii pa3Horo KOJ1MQeCTBa
MYKH npe,lJ;CTaBneHbI B TaGn. 29.
Peuemypa H pe)l(HM npuroToBneHHR TeCTa Ha rycTOii 3aKBaCICe
l' a 6 n 11 U 8 29
llpH HaKOnrremm H nOAIJ,ep>KaHHH npOH3BOACrneHHoii 3aKBaCKH B ,lJ;e>KaX
eMKOCTblO 330 11 npH 3acpY3Ke IJ;e>KH M)'KOH B KOffif'IeCme 120 Kr pacxo.n;
BHOCHMOCO CbIpbH H cnenon 3aKBaCKH npH OCBe:>KemUIX }'BeJIH'lHBalOT C yqe-
TOM K03<P<PHlUfeHTa 1,2.
llpOIJ;On>KHTenbHOcTb 6po:>KeHIDI rycTon 3aKBaCKH B npoH3Bo,lJ;CTBeHHoM
KJ1e AO 3aAaH1loii: KHcnoTUocrn BapJ>HpyeT B 3aBHCHMOCTIf OT copTa H Ka-
tIeCTBa MYKH, TeMneparyphI, COOTUOllIellliH cnenon 38KBaCKH H IillTaJillH.
C YBeJIHtIeHHeM KOJllitIeCTBa 3aKBaCKH Ha ee B0306HoBneHHe npOIJ;OmKIfTenb-
HOCTb 6pO:>KeHHH cOKpaIl{aeTcB.
HaQarrbHylO TeMIIeparyPY 3aKBaCKH YCTammmmalOT IIyTeM HCnOJIb30Ba-
IDIH BO,lJ;hI C onpe,lJ;eJIeHHOn TeMIIeparypon (Ta6n. 28).
HallMeHOBaHHe Cblp.R. nonY4Ja6pHK8ToB
H nOKa3aTeneH npo ecca
3aKBaCKa ryC'l1UI, Kr
MYKa P)l(8H8JI oGOilH8H lIJ1l1 06):\11pHaH, Kr
BoA8, Kr
Conb,Kr
.DPyroc CbIpr.e, Kr
Bnl!)l(HocTb, %, He 60nee
TeMIIcpaTypa Ha'l8J1bHaH, °c
KlIcnOTHoCTb KOHC'IH8H, rp8A:
113 M}'KII P)l(8Hoit 06ollHoil
113 MYKII pxmHoil 061111pHoil
113 CMeCH P)l(8Hoit II nlI1eHII'IHoil MYKII
npO,o;on)l(l!TenbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHlIJI, MHH
3*
66
P8eXOA CbIpbR H napaMeTpbI TeCTa
IIPH BHeeeHHH MYKH C 3aKBaCKoii, %
2S
60
42,5
75,0
56,0 68,0 76,5
67,0 60,0 55,0
no pac'IeTY
no peucmype
no pcucnType
W xn + (D,S-I,D)
28-30 28-30 28-30
102,0
40,0
28-30
28-30
10-13 10-1 10-13 10-13 10-13
9-12 9-12 9-12 9-12 9-12
B 38BI1CI1MOCTlI OT copTa xneGa
90-12075-100 70-90 40-60 30-40
67
3HatJeHlIe npHBe}:\elllibIX napaMeTpOB TeCTa (KOJIHtJeCTBO BHOCHMOH MY-
KH C 3aKB aCK OH, Ha tJaJIbHYIO Te MTIepaTYPY, npo):\omKHTeJIbHOCTb 6pmKeHlUl)
ycr.maBJIHBaIOT Ha npelJ:IIpHHTIDI B 3aBHCHMocm OT npHMeH5IeMOrO 060py):\0-
BaHMH M ):\pyrHx crreU:HllmtJecKMx oc06eHHOCTeH npOM3BO}:\CTBa.
ITpM rrpHrOTOBJIeHIDI TeCTa B }:\eJKax Ha rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe, co):\epJKaru:eH
25 M 33% MYKM, ):\03MpoBaHMe 3aKBaCKH ocyru:ecTBJIHIOT BPyrUIYIO, T. e. BM-
3yaJIbHO ):\eJIHT 3aKBacKy Ha 4 WIH 3 tJaCTH, OCT<IBJIHIOT 1. '!aCID B ):\eJKe ,[I)IH
BocnpoH3Bo}:\cma 3aKBaCKH, a OCTaBllllieCH 3 HJIH 2 tJacm rrepe6pacbmaIOT
B cB060):\HbIe ):\e>KM ,[I)IH 3aMeca 3-x HJill 2-x rrOpIl,ll:H TeCTa. ITpM rrpHrOTOBJIe-
HHH 3aKBaCKH B 6YHKepHbIX arperaTax HerrpepbIBHoro ):\eHCTBHH Ha ,,60JIb-
mOH" rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe ):\03HpOBaHJ1e nocne):\HeH Ha BocrrpOH3BO):\CTBO H Ha
3aMec TeCTa B KonHtJeCTBe 40-60% B nepectJeTe Ha M}'KY ocyru:eCTBnHIOT
nocpe}:\cTBoM llIHeKoBoro.):\03aTopa M lliM6epa.
BnaJKHOCTb TeCTa YCTaHaBnHBaIOT np06HbIMH BbII1e'IKaMll B 3aBHCHMocm
OT KatJeCTBa M}'KH H copTa xne6a.
ITpM nepepa60TKe M}'KH C HOpMaJJ.bHOH aBTOJIHTHtJeCKOH aKTHBHOCTbIO
BnaJKHOCID TeCTa paCC'illTbIBaIOT 06bI'lH0 Ha 1 % BbIllIe rrpe):\enbHo ):\orrycTHMoH
BnaJKHOCm BbmeKaeMoro copTa xne6a C ytJeToM rroTepM BnarH npH BbIIIe'IKe.
ITpH rrOpIl,ll:OHHOM 3aMece TeCTa Ha rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe peKOMeHp,yeTCH
BHatJaJIe nepeMellIaTb rropIUfIO 3aKBaCKH C COJIeBbIM paCTBopOM, BO):\OH
H ):\pyrHMlI KOMrrOHeHTaMH, rrocne tJero }:\06aBHTb M}'KY H npo):\omKaTb 3aMec
8-10 MlIH ):\0 rrOJIyrIeHHH O):\HOpO):\HOH MaCCbI.
fIpH rrpHrOTOBJIeHIDI TeCTa ,[I)IH xne6a M3 CMeCH pJKa'HOH M rrmeHlI'lHOH
M}'KH rrOCne):\HIOIO BHOCHT npH 3aMece TeCTa B KOJilltJeCTBe, rrpep,yCMOTpeH-
HOM peu:emypOH. OCTaJJ.bHoe CbIpbe (caxap, rraTOKY, npeCCOBam-IbIe ):\pO)I()!(M
H ):(p.) }:\06aBJIHIOT comaCHO peu:enType.
fIpM BbIpa60TKe xne6a M3 CMeCM pJKaiIOH .11 rrllIeIDI'lHOH M}'KH C YBeJI.I1-
tJeHHbIM KOJI.I1tJeCTBOM rrllIeHJf'IHOH M}'K.I1 (CTOJIOBOrO, CTOJIM'lHOrO, cnaBHH-
CKOro H ):\p.) C rYCTOH 3aKBaCKOH MOJKHO BHOCHTb He 25-33%, a 20% M}'K.I1
OT 06meH MaCCbI ee B TeCTe.
fIpo):\OJI>KMTeJIbHOCTb 6poJKem-m. TeCTa orrpe):\enHIOT no YBeJilltJeH.I1ID ero
06'beMa B 1,5-2 pa3a.l1 HaKOIUIeIDIIO Tpe6yeMoH K.I1CJIOTHOCm B 3aB.I1CHMOCm
OT Bblpa6aTbIBaeMOro COpTa xne6a. 06bI'lH0 KOHe'lHaR KHCJIOTHOCTb TeCTa
):\OJIJKHa 6bITb BbIllie Ha 1-2 rpa;:J, BepXHero npe):\eJIa cTaH,lJ;apTHOH KHCJIOTHO-
CTii BbIpa6aTbIBaeMoro copTa xne6a.
Tpe6yeMYIO TeMrrepaTYPY TeCTa YCTaHaBJillBaIOT C nOMoru:bIO BO}:\bI onpe-
):\eJIeHHOH TeMrrepaTypbI, KOTOpyIO MOJKHO opHeHTHpOBO'IHO paCC'llnaTb
no q,opMYJIe:
npHeMl>I KOHcepB3I(HH ryCToA 3aKBaCKR
fIpM BbIHy>K)J.ellllbIX npOCTOJIX MJllI npH OpraHH38I(HH Bblpa60TKH pJKaHbIX
H pJKaHO-rrllIeHH'llibIX COpTOB B 1-2 CMeHbI C rrepepbmaMll Ha BbIxoWfbIe ):\HlI
rycT}'IO 3aKBacKY coxpaHHIOT B aKTHBHOM COCTOHlillH rrocpe):\cTBoM cOKparu: e -
IDIH }:\O MllHlIM}'Ma H rrOCJIep,yIOru:ero HaKOIUIeIDIH B COOTBeTCTB.I1M C pa3pa-
60TaHHbIM rpa<lmKOM.
.lLrrH coxpaHeHlIH 3aKBacKM MO>KHO TaK>l<e oxna>K)J.an ee ):\0 TeMIIepaTY-
pbI 6-10° e WIH pa3>KM>KaTb xonoWfoii: B o):\oii:.
KOHcepB DyTeM OXJ1IDKJJ;eHH.II
IIpM KOHcepBaIUfM oxna>K)J.eHHeM BbI6po>KeHHyIO 3aKBacKY B ,lJ;e>Kax no-
MeIl\aIOT B XOJIOJJ;lIJIbHyIO KaMepy C TeMIIeparypoH rrmoc 6-10 0 e Ha 8-12
qaCOB. 3a 3TOT rrep.l1o,lJ; KHCnOT.HOCTb H rrO,lJ;'beMHaJI CWIa 33.KBaCKH rrpaKmtJe-
CKH He M3MeHHIDTCH II oxna>K)J.eHHyIO 3aKBaCKY fie3 rrpe)J;BapHTenbHOro OCBe-
>KeHHH MOJKHO MCrrOJIb30BaTb Ha 3aMec TeCTa H BocrrpOH3Bo):\cmo HOBOH 3a-
KBaCKH. HatJarrbHyIO TeMnepaT}' y 33.KBaCKH H TeCTa npM 3aMece, paBH)'IO
COOTBeTcrnellliO 26-28 H 28-30 e YCTaHaBJllIBaIDT C nOMOIl\bID BO):\bI II Me 10-
- ° ,
Il\eH TeMnepaT}'PY OKOJIO 50 e.
fIpH KOHCepBalJ;lIM Ha 24 qaca BbI6pO>KeHHyID 3aKBaCKY nOMeIl\aIDT B xo-
JIO,IJ;HnbHyro KaMepy C TeMnepaTypoii: IlJIIDC 6-10 0 e. fIpH B0306HOBJIeIDIH
npou:ecca O a>K)J.eliTIYID 3aKBacKY OCBe>KaIOT C HaqaJJ.bHOH TeMnepaTypoH
IlJIIDC 27-28 e, Bbl6pa>KHBaroT ,lJ;O HaKOIlJIeHIDJ 3a):\aHHoH KMCJIOTHOCm
H HCnOJIb3yroT Ha npHrOTOBJIeHlIe TeCTa M BocnpOM3BO}:\CTBO 3aKBaCKH
(Ta6n. 30).
Ta6nllua 30
Pel{cmypa H pe*HM KOHCepBal.{IIH
rycTOH 38KBaCKH nyTeM OXJIII)I(AeHHII
HallMeHOBaHlle ChIpbJl, nony4>a6pHKaTOB
H n01<:lI3aTeJ1eii: npo ecca
KOHcepB JI
nYTCM OXJ1a",-
lJ;eHHJl1J,O
6-10°C
DepBoe OCBe)/(c-
HHe nOCJ1e 1<:OH-
cepBaUlIlI
(Ha 100 1<:r
3I1J<:BaC1<:II)
MM(tH.T t M )
t B = t H . T +
M B
r):\e t B - HCKOMaH TeMrrepaTypa BO}:\bI, °e;
t H . T . - Tpe6yeMaH Ha1jaJJ.bHaH TeMTJepaTypa TeCTa, °e;
t M - TeMnepaTypa M}'KH, °e;
MM- Macca M}'K.I1 Ha TeCTO, Kr;
M B - Macca BO,lJ,bI Ha 3aMec TeCTa (no paCtJeTY) , Kr;
M 3 - Macca 3aKBaCKH Ha TeCTO, Kr;
t 3- TeMrrepaTypa BHOCHMOH 3aKBaCKH, °e.
M3 (tH T +(3)
+ .
M B
3aKBaCI<a rycTaH Bbi6po)l(eHHaH, Kr
3aKBaCKa ryCTaH IIOCJIC KOHCepBaIJ,llIl, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHaH, Kr
BoAa, Kr
Bna)I(HOCTb 3aKBaCKII, %
TeMITepaTypa,oC:
XonOAHnbHoi! KaMcpbi
BOI1bI
3aI<BaCKlI
npOAOn)l(lITCnbHOCTb KOHcepBaUHlI, 'I
30,5
48-50
30,5
41,5
28,0
48-50
6-10
10-15
8-24
49-50
27-28
68
69
nplOO/lJ/(eHUe moo. 30
14-1'5
14-16
12-14
12-14
K BbI6po){(eHHOH rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe n06aamnOT BOA)' C TeMnepaTypOH
WIWC 5-10 o e 1J)ISI pa3)IGDKeHHSI nO Bna>KHOCrn 65 70%. B pa3>KH){(eHHOM
COCTOlIHHH 3aKBaCKY MO>KHO COXPaHSlTb B nOMelUeHHH C HeperymipyeMow
TeMTIepaT}'pOH B TeqeHHe 8-24 'l. nocne KOHcepB HH K pa3>KH>KeHHOH 3!t-
KBaCKe n06aan-SllOT MYKY, nOnorpeTYW BOny, 3aMelllHBaWT rYCTYW 3aKBaCKY
Bna>KHOCTbW 48-50%c HalJarrbHOH TeMnepaTypoH 26-28°e 11' BbI6pa>KHBaWT
no KHcnOTHocrn 12-14 rpan. rOFOBYW 3aKBaCKY pacxonywT Ha npHroTOII'-
neHHe reCTa H BocnpOH3BOnCTBO 3aKBaCKH 06bI'lHbIM cnoc060M.
npH npHrorOBneHHH rYCTOH 3aKBaCKH B ne>K<lx pa3>KH>KeHHe npOH3BO-
WIT B 3THX>Ire ne>Kax.
XononH)'w BOny C TeMTIepaT}'pOH WIWC 5-lO o e 3HMOH HCnOnb3yror 11'3
BonOnpOBOLJ;HOH cerH, neTOM - H3 apTe3HaHCKOH CKBa>KHHbI I-L'1H H3 BOnO-
npOBonHOH cerH, C npHH)'nHTenbHbiM oxna>K,lJ;eHHeM.
B neTHee B peMJI npH OTCyrCTBHH Ha npennpl:lJlTHRX xononHOH BOnbi
BbI6po>KeHH)'W' rYCTYW 3aKBaCKY MO>KHO pa3>KH>KaTb BOnOH C TeMneparypOR
15-20 o e C n06a.sneHHeM nOBapeHHOH comr B KOmrlJeCTBe 2% K Macce MYKH:
B 3aKBaCKe 11' TaKHM 06pa30M coxpaIDITb B TeqeHHe 8-24 'laCOB. nocne KOH-
cepBaUlm pa3>KH>KeHH)'w 3aKBaCKY OCBe>KaWT 06bI'lHbIM cnoco60M C nOBene-
HifeM Bml>KHOCTH no 48-50%, npH'leM 1JJISI HopMamBaIUiH nOn'beMHOH CMJlhI
MO>KHO 6aaHTb q,epMeHTHbIH npenapaT AMIDTOpH3HH nlOx B KOmrlJeCTBe
0,04% K Macce MyKH B 3aKBaCKe npH nepBoM OCBe){(eHHM.
HaHMeHOBaHlle CbIpbH, nonY4>a6pHKaToB
H nOI(a3aTCneii npO&Ccca
KOHcepBIIIUIH
nYTeMOXna)l(-
eHIIR o
6_IO°C
nepBoe OCBe)l(e-
HIIe nocne KOH-
cepBaIlHH
(Ha 100 Kr
3aKBacKH)
nponOn)l(l!TCnbHOCTb Gpo)l(eHlIJ!, lJ
KllcnOTHOCTb 3aKBaCKlI, rpap;:
npll KOHCepBa1.\1I1I Ha 8-12 11
IIpll KOHCepBa1.\lIl1 Ha 22-24 lJ
DOp;bcMHaH clIJIa 3aKBaCKII, MlIH:
npll KOHcepBaUlIlI Ha 8 -12 lJ
npll KOHcepBaUlIIl Ha 22-24 11
3,5-4,5
.15 -30
25-35
20-22
20-22
ryCT}'W 3aKBaCKY B He6oJIhIlIOM KO.1lH1leCTBe (5-10 Kr) MO>KHO 3aKOH-
cepBHpoBaTb Ha npOn;OJI>KHTeJIbHhIH CpOK (no MeCHUa If 6onee) nyreM 3aMO-
pa>KHBaHHJI IIpM 'TeMnepaType MlfH)'C 10-15 0 e C nOClIenylOInHM pa3MOpa>KH-
BaHHeM If HaKOlUIeHHeM npOH3BoncrneHHoH 3aKBaCKH nyreM nepHOnH'le-
CKHX oCBe>KemJiL
KOHcepBaInUI nyreM p83>KH>KeHWI DonoA
Peuenrypa If reXHonOrH'leCKHe napaMeTpbl rycToH 3aKBaCKH npH KOH-
cepBaJlHH ee nyreM pa3>KH>KeJillJl xonQJJ:HoH: BOAoH AO BJIa>KHOCrn 65-70%
If nOCJIenywlUeH peaKrHBaIWH OCBe>KeHHeM npenCraBJIeHhI B ra6.n. 31.
AJDIapaTypHoe ocf>opMJIeHHe TeXHOnOmlJeCKoro npOl ecca
nplffOTOBJIeHHR reCTa Ha ryCToA 33KBaCKC
T a 6 n 111.\ a 31
.Q.rUl KOMWIeKCHOH MexaHH3aIUIH npou;ecca npHrOToBneHHSI rYCTOH: 3a-
KBaCKH H TeCTa MO>KHO HcnOJIb30BaTb 6YHKepHbIe aq:ieraTbI nepHOnH'leCKOrO
H HenpepbmHoro neikTBHSI.
B pa3BOnO'IHOM IUIKJIe rycryw 3aKBacKy BbIBOnSlT B ne>Kax OnHHM
H3 orrn:caHHbIx paHee cnoco60B C nocnenywIIUiM HaKottneHHeM H nOOlJepen-
HbIM 3anonHeHHeM Bcex ceKlI,HH 3aKBaCO'IHoro 6YHKepa C co6nWJ:(eHHeM
TeXHOnOrHlJeCKHX napaMeTpOB, yKa3aHHhlX B ra6n. 27.
Ha xne603aBoAax MaJIOH H cpenHeH MOlUHocrn (no 30 T B CyrKH)
MO>KHO HCnOJIb30Barb 6YHKepa 118-XI A-6/2.
Ha xne603aBonax 6onbllIoH MOlUHOCTH C ne1laMM AllX HCnOJIb3ywr
WITHCeKlI,HOHHbIe nByx6YHKepHbIe arperarbI nOpUJiOHHOrO neHcTBlfSl CH-
CreMhI H. <1>. rarnnHHa npOH3BOnHTenbHOCTbW no xne6y 75-100 r B cyr-
KH HJIH 6YHKepa 118- XI A-12/2.
npH HcnOJIb30BaHHH arperara H. <1>. rammrHa (pHC. 2) BbI6po>KeHHYw
3aKBaCKY 11'3 ceKU;HH 3aKBaCO'IHOro 6YHKepa nOnaWT 1Iepe3 urn6ep B BOPOHKY
IlIHeKOBoro n03aTopa H narree B D:Ba CMeCIfTeJIR: WISI pa3>KH>KeHHSI no Bna>K-
HOCTH 70%, T. K. B >KHJ:(KOM COCTOSlHHH ee nerlJe ,[(o3IfpOBaTb If TpaHcnoprn-
pOBaTb K MeCHnbHbIM MaIlIllHaM.
Pencnrypa II pe)l(l!M KOHCCpBlll.\l1lI rYCTOH 33KBaCKYI nyreM pa3)!(l1)1(CIIlIH
HallMeHOBaHlIe CbipbH, nonY4>a6pHKaTOB
H nOKa3aTencH npo ecca
Pa3)1(IDKe- nepBoe
Hlle BOnOH OCB e)l(eHlIe
c t=5-IO°C nocne KOB-
cepBaIUfH
30,5
45,0
415
14,5 13,5
65,5 48-50
5-10 45 -50
16-]8
20-23
20-23
26-28
8-24 4-5
12-16 12-14
20-30 )10 25
3aKBaCKa I)'CT<lH BbIGpO)l(eHHaH, Kr
3aKBaCKa pa3J!ODKCHHaH, Kr
MYKa pmaHaJ! 06,lJ,11pH<lH 1IJ111 o60fiHaH, Kr
Bop;a, Kr
BJ1a)I(HOCTb 3aKBaCKII, %
TeMIICpaTypa,oC:
BO)1bi
3aKBaCKlI nocnc pa3)1(l!)I(CHlIH
B03/1Yxa B nOMCIUeHlIlI
3aKBaCKlI nocne xpaHeHlIH
3aKBaCKII nocne OCBC)I(CHIIH
npOnOJl)l(lITenbHOCTb KOHCepBa1.\11ll11 6po)l(eHlIH, 11
KllcnOTHOCTb 3aKBaCKII. rpa)1
nOp;bCMHaH ClIJIa 3aKBaCKlI, MIlH
70
71
6
12
7
1
7
9
Pnc. 3. AnnapaTypHM cxeMa npllrOTOBJICHlIH TeCTa 113 p)I(aHoil II p>KaIiO-nmCH1l1l-
Hoil MYKII Ha "GOITbillOil" ryCToil 3aKBaCKe B GYHKCPHOM arpcraTe HcnpepblBHO-
1'0 p,eilcTBlIJI H8-XTA/12 HJIl! 118-XTA-6
1 - P;03HpOBO'lllan CTaH n 1II2-X,[(M; 2 - TeCTOMeCliJIbHaJI MaWllHa I1B-XTA-
12/1 nnH 3aMcca 3I1KBaCKlI; 3 - HarHeTaTcnb onaphlIIB-XTA-12/3; 4 - 5YHl<:ep
I1B-XTA-12/2 lIJ1H I1B-XTA-6/2; 5 - n03aTOp onapbi (3aKBacKH ; 6 - HarHCTa-
Te1Ib TeCTa I1B-XTA-12/5; 7 - n0311pOBO'IHaJI CTaIlUIUI 1IJ2-X,[(M, 8 - KOr,hiTO
5pO)l(CHliH l1B-XTA-12/6; 9 - TCCTOp;CJ1lITCnbHaJI MalI1Hlla "KY36acc-6B-2M
e
PlIC. 2. AnnapnypHaH CXCMa nopUlloHHoro npllrOTOBITeHIIH ryCTOi{ 3aKBaCKH II TCCTa
113 p)l(aHoil II pxmHo-mneHlI'IHoll MYKII B I1ByxGYHKepHOM arperaTC AJUI XJIC603aBop,OB
60nblI101J: MOIWIOCTII c ne'laMII AIJ;X
1 - p;o3aTop )l(lI,!J;KlIX KOMnOHeHTOB 1IepnaQKOBbiH 1IJ32-X,[(Q; 2 - p;03aTOp cbmy'lllx
KOMnOHeHTOB 1IJ2-X)J,2-A' 3- MBlIIHHa TecTOMCClIJ1hHIiR A2-XTB; 4 - p;e)l(a nOnKaTHIIH
T l-XT2,[(; 5 - p;e)l(eOnp KlI,!J;hiBaTC1Ib A2-Xn,[(; 6 - CCK OHHbili 6YHKep lJ.lUI 6po)l(e-
HID! 38KBaCKlI (TeCTa); 7 - p;03aTOp )KlI,!J;KHX KOMnOHeHTOB 1IJ2-X,[(2-B; 8- TeCTop;e-
JIHTC1IbHaH MalllliHa "KY36acc-6B-2M"; 9...:. Hacoc XHJI-300; 10 - CMeCHTC1Ib lJ.lUI pa3-
)KIDKeHHH 3aKBBCKH; 11 - n03aTop rycToH 3aKBaCKH; 12 - 6a1l0K BOp;OconenowoTo-
BHTe1IbHhIH 1II2-X,[(H
3aKBaCKY 3aMem!1BaIDT 5-7 I\1HH B Mallllme HenpepblBHoro p;eilcTBHH
118-XTA-12/1, Kyp;a HenpepblBHo p;03HpYIOT BOA)', MYKY H cnenylO 3aKBa-
CKY. 3aMelllaHHylO 3aKBaCKY nOnaCTHblM HarHeTaTeneM nop;alOT no Tpy6o-
npOBoP;Y H C nOMOll(bID nOBopoTHoro nOTKa 3arpy)!(alOT cBepxy B CBo60)J;trylO
CeKIJ;HID 6YHKepa wm 6pO)!(eHlUI. Qepe3 onpep;eneHHblH nepHop;, paBHbIM
pHTM)' 3arpY3KH OP;HOM CeKIJ;llH 3aKBaCKOM, 3anoJIlHIIDT BTOpylO, a nOTOM
H Bce OCTaJlbHble CeKIJ;UH 6YHKepa. B MOMem 3arpY3KH nocneP;HeM CeKIJ;llH
nepBYIO pa3rpy)!(aIOT. nepHOp; 3arpY3KH Bcex CeKIJ;ilM 6YHKepa paBeH npop;on-
JKHTenbHOCTII 6pO)!(eHHH 3aKBacKH. Pa3rpY3KY BbI6po)!(eHHOH 3aKBaCKH
OCYll(eCTBJIHIOT qepe3 OTBepCTHe B p;HHllle 6YHKepa H C nOMOll(blO nonaCTHoro
HarHeTaTenH nop;alOT 60% ee no OP;HOM)' Tpy6onpoBop;y B TecToMecIDIbHyID
MauilUry ,[I)UI HenpepblBHoro 3aMeca TeCTa H 40% no p;pyroMY Tpy6onpOBOA)'
B03Bpall(aIOT B MecHnbHylO MaIillUry ,[I)IH BocnpOH3Bop;cTBa caMoM 3aKBaCKH.
Bo H36e)!(aHlIe neperpeBa, nepeKHcaHlIH H YXYAIlJeHlIH nOp;'bel'vIHOM
CHnbI rYCTOM 3aKBaCKH npH HenpepblBHOM 3aMece, a TaK)!(e npH TpaHcnopTH-
pOBaHlIH no Tpy6onpOBOP;Y H 6po)!(emUi B ceKIlHHX 6YHKepa, HaQaJIbHYID
°
TeMl!eparypy 3aKBacKH YCTaHaBmmalOT 24-26 C C nOMOll(blO OXJIa)!(p;eH-
HOM BOp;bl.
npH 3aMece TeCTa B MaliillHy HenpepblBHoro p;eMCTBHH 118-XTA-12/1
(A2-XTT) KpOMe 3aKBaCKH P;03HpYIOT BOA)', MYKY H P;Pyme JKH)J;KHe KOM-
nOHeHTbl no peu;enType C nOMOll(bIO p;03aTopOB HenpepblBHoro p;eHCTBHH.
TecTo 3aMeliillBaIOT 5-7 MHH C HaQaJIbHOM TeMneparypoH He BbIllle 30°C,
113 op;Horo cMecHTenH pa3)!(H)!(eHHYIO 3aKBaCKY nop;alO'I' HaCOCOM B p;e)l(}'
TecToMeCHnbHOH MaliillHbl, Kyp;a p;o6aBnHIOT MYKY, BOp;y, 3aMeliillBaIDT
rYCTYIO 3aKBaCKY H Bblrpy)!(aIOT ee B CBo6o)J;trylO ceKIJ;llID 3aKBaCOQHOr
6yHKepa p;nH 6pO)!(eHlIH.
113 BToporo CMeCHTenH pa3)J(1f)!(eIDIYlO 3aKBaCKY nop;alOT B p;e)l(}' TeCTO-
MeCHnbHOM MalUHHbI, P;o6aBnHIOT OCTaJIbHOe Cblpbe no peu;enType, 3aMeliill-
BaIOT TeCTO, Bblrpy)!(alOT B CBo60II;HYIO ceKU;HIO 6YHKepa ,[I)IH 6pO)!(eHlfH H
)J;anee Qepe3 3aABH)!(KY B 6YHKep TeCTOp;emlTenH.
,1]jrH HenpepblBHoro npHrOTOBneIillH 60nbIllOH rYCTOH 3aKBaCKH H TeCTa
Hcnonb3YIOT TeCTOnpHrOTOBHTenbHble OAHo6YHKepHbIe arperaTbI 118-XT A-6,
118-XTA-12 B COCTaBe KOMfUIeKcHo-MexaIill3HpoBaIDIblx nHlrnH (pRC. 3).
72
73
nOnaCTHbIM HarHeTaTeJIeM no Tpy60npoBony nop;alOT B eMKOCTb 11lI1I 6po>Ke-
IDfll, oTKyp;a TeCTO nocTynaeT Ha pa3p;eJIKY, cpopMOBaHHe TeCTOBbIX 3arOTO-
BOK, paCCTOHKY H Bbme'lKY 06b1'lHbIM cnoco60M.
ITpH BHeceIDfH C 3aKBacKoH 37-40% M)'KH B TeCTO 11lI1I XlIe6a H3 CMeCH
p>KaHOH H ITIneIDf'lHOH M)'KH 6pO>KeIDfe TeCTa oc eCTBJIlIIOT B TetIeIDfe 60-
90 MHH p;o Tpe6yeMoH KHcnOTHocrn B 3aIHiCliMocrn OT copra XJIe6a. DpH
YBenH'Iemm K01llftIeCTBa BHOCHMOH M)'KH C 3aI<BaCKOH p;o 45-60% ("oonb-
waH" rycTaR: 3aKBacKa) npop;OJI>KHTenbHOCrb 6pO>KeIDfR: reCTa COKpam alOT
p;o 30-60 MHH.
T a 6 n II II a -32
PCl.\emypa II peJKHM IIpllrorOBncHHH )l(II,II;KOH 3aKBaCKII
6e:J '3aBapKH B p83BO.llO'lHOM I.\HKJle Ha )KHJ1.K1LX KYJIbTYpax
APO)K)I(CH II MOnO'IHOKllcnbL" GaKrepllii
HaHMeHoBaHHe CbIpbJl, nonyl!>a6pHKaroB
H nOKa3areneii npOIJ;ecca
q>a3bI pa3BOnO'IIJOro WU<:lJa
III
)l(lIAKlIe KYJlbTypbl MOJIO'IHOKlICJlbIX GaKTcpllfi, n:
L. pIantaIum'30
L. casei-26
L. ,Brcvis.!
L. fermenti-34
)KlIAKlIC KynbTypbI npo)l()I(efi, JI:
S. cercvisiac n-l
S. minor ..l/epHOpe'ICH'CKlIi:I"
3aKBacKa IIpel1bI,!JYIUcll !}Ja3bi, KI'
KOJlII'lCCTBO MYKII B 3aKBacKC, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHaH o60fiHa51 Mil oGAlIpHaH, Kr
BOl1a, Kr
OGll(aH Macca, Kr
Bna)KHOCTb, %
TCMnepaTypa Ha'lanbHaH, °c
KlICJ10THOCTb KOHe'IHaH, rpaA:
113 060ilHOfi MYKII 7-11 9-12 10-13
H306Al1PHOiLMYJ<1I 9-10 8-11 9-12
npOAOJl)l(HTCJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHlIH, 11 8-10 3-5 3-5
B 6pO,!J;HnbHbIH tIaH BHOClIr tIaCrb BO,ru,I (06bI'lH0 50% or 06mero K01llf-
tIeCTBa ee) C reMTIeparypoH 28-30°C H '!HCrbIe KynbrypbI MHKpOOpraHll3-
MOB Ha COJIOJJ;OBOM cycne, nop;roTOBJIeHHbIe comaCHO HHCTp)'KIUiH (ITpH-
JIO>KeHlle N° 8). 3areM P;06aBJUlIOT M}'Ky, ocraBInYIOClI BOny, TlltaTenbHO
nepeMeWHBalOr P;O OgHOpop;Horo COCTOR:IDfll H OCraBnlllOr 11lI1I 6pO>KeIDfR:. Ha
BbI6po:>KeHHOH 3aKBaCKe I cpa3bI 3aMeWHBalOT 3aKBacKY II, a 3areM III cpa3hl
pa3BOp;0'lHOro HKna C C06JIIOp;eHlleM pe emypb1 Ii TeXHOJIOI'H'leCKHX 'napa-
MeTpoB. .D:anee 3aKBacKy HaKalUIliBalOT 11.0 H)':>KHoro K01llftIeCTBa, co6nIOp;aH
nponopIUul pe enrypHbIx KOMTIOHeHTOB H napaMeTpbI III cpa3hI pa3Bo-
p;O'lHoro IIJIKJIa.
ITpH BbIBep;emm 3aI<BaCKll C He60JIbWOH MaCChI '(5 KT B I cpa3e) '!H'CTbIe
KYJIbTypbI MOJIO'lHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTepliH IiCnOJIb3YlOT 1i3 np06lipOK no '25 MJI
Ka oro wraMMa, a KYJIbTypbI p;pO>lOKeH B BHp;e CMbIBa KOJIOHllH C no-
MOl1U>IO BO,ru,I C 2-x KOCR:KOB no 10 MJI Ka oro wraMMa. KYJIbrypbI CJIIi-
BalOT BMeCTe, BHOClIr B ffinareJIbHyIO CMeCb 1i3 1,65 Kr p:>KaHOn M}'KH Ii
3,23 JI BO,ru,I, Bce rlltareJIbHO nepeMellIHB3IOr Ii nOMelltalOr B TepMocTaT C TeM-
nepaTypoH 28-30°C. no p;OCrn:>KeHllH KHCJIOTHOCrn 7-10 rpap; (06bI'lH0
tIepe3 8-10 '1) K 3aKBaCKe I cpa3bI P;06aBJIR:IOT 2,5 Kr M}'KH H 5 JI BO,ru,I,
BbI6pa:>KHBalOT B TepMoCTaTe 3-5 '1 H nOJIytIalOT 12,5 Kr 3aKBaCKH II cpa3hI.
K BbI6po:>KeHHOii 3aKBaCKe II cpa3hI C KHCJIOTHOCTblO 9-12 rp3)J, P;06aBJIHIOT
4,1 Kr M}'KH Ii 8,4 JI BO,ru,I, BbI6pa)!GiBa1OT 3-5 q Ii norryqalOT 25 Kr 3aKBaCKH
3.1.2. nplil'OrOBJIelBfe recra DB >KH,IJ;Kolt 38KBaCKe
6e3 DpliMeHelDUl 38BapKIi
Ha >KII,!J;KOH 3aKBaCKe 6e3 3aBapKH no YHllcpHlUfpoBaHHOH neHllurpap;-
CKOH cxeMe MO:>KHO BbIpa6aTbIBarb XJIe6 H3 p>KaHOH H CMeCH pa3HbIX COpTOB
p>KaHOH Ii nWeIDf'lliOH M)'KH.
CymHocTb cnoco6a 3aKJIIOtIaeTClI B npHI'OTOBJIemrn 3aKBaCKH BJIa>K-
HOCTblO 69-75%"KIiCJ10THOCTbIO 9-13 rpap; (B 3aBHCHMocrn or copTa MyKH)
npli nOP;'beMHOH'CHJIe "no wapHKY" 11.035 MHH.
ITpli 3aMece TeCTa C >Kll):{KOH 3aKBaCKOH BHOCHT 25-35% M}'KH OT 06meH
MaCCbl ee B TeCTe C nOCJIenylOlltHM 6pO:>KeIDfeM TeCTa P;O HaKOI1JteIDfll Tpe6ye-
MOH KHCJIOTHOCTH B 3aBHcHMocrn OT copTa XJIe6a.
B pa3BOp;O'lHOM IIJIKJIe >Kfiro<YIO 3aI<BaCKY BbIBOWIT C npliMeHeIDfeM
CMeCH 'lIiCTbIX KYJIbryp p;po:>K:>Keii S. cerevisiae II-I Ii S. minor "qepHopetIeH-
CKHH" B COtIeTaHllIi co CMeCbIO :>KH,!J;KHX K}'JIbTYP L. plantarum-30, L. casei-26,
L Brevis-I, L. [ermenti.34, IiJIH cyxoro naKT06aKTepHHa fJ.JJ1I :>K X XJIe6-
HbIX 3aKBaCOK H3 CMeCH 3THX >Ke WTaMMOB MOJIOtIHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTepHiL
Pa3BOP;OlJHbdl: nHKJI C DpHMeHeHHeM >KH,IJ;KHX IJHCTbIX
KYJIbryp P;pO>lOKeit H MOJIOIJHOKHCJILIX 6aKrepHA
BbIBep;eHHe :>Klfp;Koil 3aKBaCKH MO:>KHO Ha'lliHaTb HenOCpep;CTBeHHO B uexe
C 6omwoH MaCCbI (100 Kr M}'KH B III cpa3e) IUlH B JIa60paTOpIDI C HeOOJIb-
IIIoil MaCCbI (5 Kr B I cpa3e) .
Peuemypa H pe:>KHM BbIBep;eHllll 3aKBaCKH C 6oJIbiliOH MaCCbI npep;cTaB-
JIeHbl B Ta6JI. 32..
74
{),5
0;5
Q,5
0,5
0,2
'0,2
20,0
38,6
61,0
70-72
28-30
61,0
20,0
30,0
62,0
IS 3.0
70-72
28-30
153.;0
50,0
50,0
103,0
306,0
70-72
28-30
75
III q,a3bI C KI1CnOTHOCTblO 9-13 rpap; (B 3aBI1CMMOCTM OT COpTa I1 Ka'leCTBa
MYKI1). DOKa3aTenI1 TeXHOnOrI1'leCKOrO npoQecca no q,a3aM pa3BOnO'lHOro
I.(MKna p;omKHbI 6bITb HIKI1MM )Ke, 'ITO I1 I1PM Bbmep;emrn 3aKBaCKM C 60nb-
mOM MaCCbI (n6n. 32) .
DpI1 Bbmep;eHHM 3aKBaCKI1 no pa3BOp;0'lH0MY IJ,lIKny 6po.rwnbHaJI eM-
KOCTb p;On)KHa B 2,5 pa3a I1peBbIIIIaTb Maccy 3aKBaCKM B Ka)K.n;oH q,a3e.
BbI6po)KeHJiylO 3aKBacKY III q,a3bI I1epeHOCRT B 'laH I1 .n;anee HaKanmIBalOT
B YCJIOBIDIX Qexa .n;o Hy:oowro KOJIH'leCTBa nYTeM n06aBneHHR K cnenou
3aKBaCKe p3J3Horo KOJIH'leCTBa nMTaTenbHOM CMeCH H3 p)KaHOU M}'KI1 H BO.n;bI
C BbI6pa>lOffiaHHeM B Te'leHMe 3-4 'I .n;o KHcnOTHOCTM 9-13 rpap; (B 3aBI1-
CHMOCTH OT Bna)KHOCTM 3aKBaCKI1 I1 copTa M}'KM).
B 100 Kr IIMTaTenbHou CMeCH BnalKHOCTblO 70 H 72% COOTHOIlleHMe p)Ka-
HOM MYKll (npM Bna)KHOCTll 14,5%) 11 BO,IJ;LI COCTaBnReT COOTBeTcTBeHHO
35:65 I1 34:66.
fhnaTenbH)'1O CMeCb roTOBRT B Mallllme X3-2M-300 H1IM .n;pyrOM CMeCHTe-
ne 003 3aBapllBaHHR 'laCTM M}'KH.
Ilpooo/lJICeHue TO6/!. 33
AKTlIBaIlHH. <1>a3bi pa3BOp;0'lllOrO
IUiKna
HaHMeHOBliHlIe C1oipbH, nonyl!>a6pHKaToB
II nOKa3aTeneR npollecca cyxoro 3111<Ba-
naKTO- CO'lllbIX I II III
6111<Te- npml(-
proIa )lCeR
Pa3B0110IJHbIit nm<n C DpHMeHeHHeM cyxoro naKT06aKTepHHa
Mcnonb3YlOT CYXOM naKT06aKTepI1H ,IJ;J1R )Kllp;KHX xne6HbIX 3aKBaCOK
H CMeCb 'lHCTbIX Kynbryp .n;p0)K)KeM S. cerevisiae n-l I1 S. minor "qepHo-
peqeHCKMU" B BI1p;e BO.n;HbIX CMbmOB p;p0)K)KeBbIX KOnOHMM C KOCRKOB cycno-
arapa.
PeQemypa H pe)KHM BbIBep;eHHJI 3aKBaCKH C oonbIllou MaCCbI (Ha 100 Kr
MYKH B III q,a3e) npHBeneHbI B Ta6n. 33.
AKTHBlIpoBaHHbIfi J1aKToGaKTepIIH, Kr 4,0
AKTlIBlIpoBaHHbIe )1P0)l()IG!, Kr 1,0
3aKBacKa npenbiA)'Il{eil !}Ja3bi, Kr 61,0 153,0
KOJ1I1'1CCTBO MYKII B 3aKBaCKC, Kr 20,0 50,0
MYKa p)KaHaH 060fiHaH lIJIlI oG)1l1pHaH, Kr 1,2 0,30 18,5 30,0 50,0
BOAa, KI' 2,74 0,66 37,5 61,0 103;0
OGuxaH Macca, Kr 4,0 1,0 61,0 153,0 306,0
BJla)I(HOcTb, % 70-72 70-72 70-72 70-72 70-72
TeMIIepaTypa Ha'laJIbHaH, °c 33-35 28-30 28-30 28-30 28-30
KlICJ10THOCTb KOHC'lHaH, rpan: 8-11 9-12 10-13
113 060fiHoil MYKII 3-5
113 oGnnpHofi MYKII 3-5 7-10 8-11 9-12
npOnOJ1)1(lITCJlbHOCTb aKTlIBaLlIIIIll 6po)l(e- 4-5 4-5 7-10 3-5 3-5
HlIH,'I
* npeccoBaHHbIe APO)l()I(H aKTIIBlIpyIOT 30 MIIH.
l' a 6 J1 II Ll a 33
Bo.n;HyIO cYCI1eH3HIO naKT06aKTepMHa (60 MJI) BHOCRT B nMTaTenbH)'IO
CMeCb H3 P)!(3HOM MYKM H BO,IJ;LI, TIQaTenbHO nepeMelllliBalOT M OCTaBnHIOT
Ha 4-5 'l npH TeMIIepaType 33-35°C ,IJ;J1JI aKTMB3l\HH MOnOlJHOKMCJIbIX 6aK-
TepHM. DpH I10.n;roToBKe 3aKBaCO'lHbIX p;p0)K)KeH B Ka>Kp;y1O M3 lJCTbIpex
np06MpoK (no p;Be Ka)K)J;oro UITaMMa) C KOnOHMRMM npO:ilOKCBbIX KneTOK
Ha KOCHKax cycno-arapa p;06aBnJIIOT no 10 MJI Bop;onpoBojJ,HOH BOnbI C TCM-
I1CpaTypoH 28-30°C, H, nOMOraJI cTeKnRHHoM nanO'lKOM, CMbmaIOT KneTKM
.n;PO)K)KeH C KOCHKOB B IlliTaTcnbH)'IO CMCCb H3 p)KaHOH MYKM H BO,lJ;bI, I10cne
'1cro OCTaBnRIOT Ha 4-5 q ,IJ;J1R aKTHB3l\HM P;po:ilOKCBbIX KnCTOK I1PH TCMnepa-
Type 28-30°C.
DpH OTCyrCTBHH 'IllCTbIX KynbTYP .n;p0)K)KeM MO)KHO MCI10nb30BaTb
npeccoBaHHbIe .n;P0)K)KIi, H3 KOTOpblX rOTOBRT cycneH3I11O (20 r B 40 MJI
BO,IJ;bI) C aKTHBaIJ,lleU B nI1TaTenbHoH CMeCI1 M3 M}'KI1 H BOnbI npM TeMnepary-
pe 28-30°C B TeqeHHe 30 MMH.
AKTIfBI1pOBaHHbll: naKT06aKTepHH H aKTHBHpoBaHHbIe 3aKBaCO'lHbIe
mill npeccoBaHHbIe .n;pO>lOKI1 nepeHocRT B qaH C IIMTaTenbHOH CMeCbIO H3
M}'KM H BOP;bI, TIQaTenbHO nepeMelllliBalOT H OCTaBnRIOT Ha 6pO)KeHHe.
Ha 3aKBaCKe I q,a3bI roTOBHr 3aKBacKY II, a 3aTeM III q,a3bI pa3Bo.n;0'l-
Horo QilKna. J],anee 3aKBacKY HaKannI1BaIOT .n;o Hy)KHoro KOJIHqeCTBa, c06nlO-
.n;aR nponOpIJ,llH CbIpbR I1 TeXHOnOI11QeCKHe napaMeTpbI III q,a3bI pa3BOp;O'l-
Horo I.(MKna.
DpH Bbmep;eHMM ou 3aKBaCKM B na60paTopHH, Ha'II1HaH C He60nb-
IllOM MaCCbI, HCIIonb3YlOT 4 .n;03bI cyxoro naKTo6aKTepHHa B 40 MJI BO,lJ;bI, KO-
TO bIU npep;BapI1TenbHO aKTI1BMpyIOT B TeqeHHe 4-5 'I npH TeMlleparype 33-
35 C B IIMTaTCnbHoH CMeCH H3 P)!(3HOM MYKH (0,33 Kr) H BOP;bI (0,63 Kr).
77
PCLlcmypa II pe)l(lfM npHrOTOBneHH1l OH 3aKB8CKH
6C3 3aaapKII B pa3BO,ltO'IHOM 1.\1IIme Ha CYXOM naKT06aKTepHHe
AKTHB HJl* <1>83101 pa3BOnO'IHOro
HaHMeHOB8HlIe CbipbJl, nonyl!>86pHK8TOB !ViKna
II nOKa3aTcneH npOIlecca cyxoro 38KB8-
naKTO- CO'IHbIX I II III
6aKTe- APO -
pnH8 >Ken
CycnCH3HH J1aKToGaKTepHHa p;JJH )l(U)J;KIIX 0,060
XJlCGHDIX 3aKBaCOK (6 1103 B 60 MJI BO-
nDI) , n
CycneH311H ,o;p0)l()I(efi S. ccrevisiae fl-l
(CMbW C ABYx KOCHKOB HJJlI 20 I' npec-
COBaHHbIX )1po)l(>Kefi B 40 Mn BOAbi) , J1
S. minor ,,qepHOpe'ICHCKlI " (CMbIB C
nBYx KOCHKOB B 20 MJI BO)1bl), JI
0,020
0,020
.. npeccoBaHHble ,o;P0)l()I(lI aKTHBIlPYIOT 30 MlIH.
76
AKTHBHpoBaHHbrH nal<1:06aJaepID:I TlI aTeJlbHO CMelllHBaJOT C cycneH3HeH 3a-
KBacO'lHbIX Apo>lOKeu (CMbIB C ABYX KOCHKOB B 20 MJI BOAbI) H BHOCSIT
B ImraTeJlbHYIO CMeCb H3 M}'KH (1,3 Kr) H BOAbI (2.7 n) 1J.JlSl nony'leHHSI
5 Kr 3aKBaCKH I c}>lI3bl pa3BOAO'IHoro I.(HKJIa C nOC11e)JyIOIInlM BbI6pa)KHBa-
HHeM AO KHCJlOTHOCTH 8-11 rpa,lJ; B Te'leHHe 7-10 '1. Ha3aKBacKe I c}>a3bl ro-
TOBHT 3aKBacKY II, a 3aTeM III c}>a3bl PIl3BOAO'IHoro I.(HKJIa, KaK H npH HC-
nonb30BaHlfH )KH}J.KHX KynbTYP MHKpOOpraHH3MoB. Bbl6po>KeHHyIO 3aKBacKY
III c}>a3bI (25 Kr) nepeHoCHT B 6po.rnmbHbIH 'laB H HaKalUIHBalOT 11.0 HYX<HOrO
KOIDI'leCTBa nyreM OCBe>KeHHU DHTaTenbHOU CMeCblO B COOTHOW HHH 1: 1
C C06J1IOAeHHeM npOnOpIJ;HU H TeXHOnOrn'leCKHX napaMeTpoB III c}>a-3l>1 pa3-
BOAO'lHoro Kna. B 100 Kr IIHraTeJlbHOH CMeCH Bna>KHOCTblO 70 H 72%:cOOT-
HoweHHe p>KaHOH MYKH (npH Bna>KHOCTH 14,5%) H BOAbI cocraunHeT CooT-
BeTCTBeHHO 35 :65 H 34 :66.
IluTaTenbHYIO CMeCb roTOBHl' B 3aBapo'lHOH MaIIIIiHe X3-2M-300 HnH
ApyrOM CMeCH'fene nepHoAH'JecKoro 'H"Jll! HenpepbIBHoro AeiicTBHH 6e3 3aBS-
pHBaIDul MYKH.
3aKBacKY BbI6pa)I(HB&IOT B 'laHaX P3-XtIJJ" I.(HIDIHJJ.PWIeCKHX BaHHaX p,nSl
nacTepH3aIU1H MonOKa HJU{ ,APYrnx eMKOCTHX H3 Hep>KaBelOIlteH cTan , >KeJla-
TenbHO C MewanKoH H BOA1UiOH py6aIllKOH. B 100 Kr nHraTenbHOH CMeCH
Bna>KHOCThIO 70, 72 H 75% COOTHOIlIeHHe M)'KH (npH Bna)J(HOCrn 14,5%)
8 BOAbl COCHmnHer COOTBeTCTBelfilO 35:65, 34:66, 29:71. HaHny'llIIee Ka'leCT-
BO 3aKBaCKH nonytIaeTCH npH Bna>KHOCrn 70:1:1%.
Dp8rOTOBneHHe'TeCI'a
npOH9BOACl'BeHRbdt qHKJI
npH 3aMece TeCTa C )KH}J.Koii 3aKBacKoH Bna>KHOC1'b1O 70:1:1 % BHOCHT
30-35% H Bn&>KHOCTblO 75%--=25% MyKH OT 06meH MaCCbl ee Ha TeCTO
(Ta6n. 35.) .
B npoH3BOACTBelfilOM lUIKne >KH}J.K}'IO 3aKBacKY BnroKHOCTblO 69-75%
003 3auapKH OCBe>r<:aIOT no AOCTH>KeHHH KHcnOTHOCTH 9-13 rpap; '1epe3 3-$ 'I
(B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT BnaX<HOCTH 3aKBaCKH, copTa H Ka'leCTBa MYKH) nyreM
oT60pa 50% cnenoH 3a BaCK8 83 6pO,ll;HJ'IbHOro B paCXOAHbrH '1aH H Aanee Ha
3aMeC TeCTa H 11.06auneHHH B 6po,ll;HJ'IbHbIH 'laH K ocTaumeHcH Milcce 3KBHBa-
J1eHTHOro KOIDI'leCTBa DHTaTeJlhHOH CMeCH H3 M}'KH H' BOAb[ l1)UI BocnpOH3-
BOAcma 3aKBaCKH, ('ra6n. 34).
Ta6nllIXa 35
Peq;emypa II pC1KHM DpHI'OTOBneBHJI TecTa
Ha ]JQI,ll;Koii SaJQIaCKe 6e3 38B8pKU
HaHMeHOBSIIHe ChIPbR. nonyclls6pHKaTOB
,H DOKa38TeJ1eii DpOD.eCca,
PacxOA ChIp!>R H DapBM8TphI TecTa
DPH BHeceHHH MYKH C 381<BacKoft, %
25
35
T86nllIXa 34
Peq;emyp8 H pe]JQIM DpHroTOBnelUlJl xaw<oii SaKB8CKH
6es s8BapKH B DpOu3BOAcmeHHOM ne
)l(U/1KaH 3aKB8CJ<a 6C3 38B8pJ<1I, Kr
MYKa, Kr*
Bop,a, J<r
Conb, Kr
APyroe CblpbC, Kr
BJ!a)iQlOCTb, %, He 60nce
TeMITcpaTYpa Ha'laJIbHaH, °c
KIIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'lH8H, rpal1:
113 0611HpHoil MYKII
113 o6oRHoil MYKII
113 CMeCH pxmHoilll mnCHlI'IHoll MYKII
np0)10n)l(lITeJ1bHOCTb GpO)l(CHWI, MIIH
HaHMeHOBSHHe CltIpbR. nonyclla6pHKaToB
H nOKaaaTeJIeii npo ecca
PacxOA CbIpbli
H TeXHOJIOrH'IecKlIe
DBpaMeTp!>I
3aKBaCKa npe)I(!Jero npllroToBncHlIH, Kr
KOJllltJeCTBO MyKH, BHOCHMOfi C 3aKBaCKolI, Kr
IbrraTcnbHaH CMCCb 113 MyKH II BO.r:\b1, Kr
Macca 3aKBaCKII, Kr
KOJIII'lCCTBO MYKII B 3aKBaCKC. J(r
Bn8)!(l10CTL, %
TeMnepaTYpa Ha'laJibHaH, °c
KIIcnOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaH, rpa)1:
113 MYKII p)l(aHoll 06AHpHOil
113 MYKII p)l(aHoil 060llHOil
np O I1OJI)I(lITeJlbHOCTb 6po)l(eHlIH, 'I
nOj1beMHaHClIJia,MIIH
153
50
153
306
100
69-75
28-30
9-12
11-13
3-4
25-35
76
75
92
'70
105
65
no paC'leTy
no emype
no peucmype
WXJI+ (0,5-1.0)
29-31 29-31 29-31
9-12 9-12 9-12
10-13 10-13 10-13
B 3aBHClIMOC'fH. OT COpTa XJ1e6a
90-150
60-90
90-120
* COOTHOlI1CHlIe p)l(aHoilll nlI1CHlI'IHoII MyKlI B TeCTe 3aBIIClIT OT Bbipa6aTbmaeMoro
copTa XJ1cGa.
78
7St
C YBeooqeHHeM KOooqeCTBa BHOCHMOH M)'KH C 25 ,lJ;0 30-35% YCKO-
pHeTcH KHcnOTOHaKOI1JIeHHe B TeCTe H ynyqUlaeTCH KaqeCTBo xne6a.
PaCqenIYlO Bna>KHOCTh TeCTa YCTammnHBalOT Ha rrpegnpHHTHHX rrpo6-
HbIMH Bbme'lKaMH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Kaqecrna M}'KH H copTa xne6a. DpH
rrepepa60TKe MYKH C HopManbHOH aBTOOOTHqeCKOH aKTHBHOCThlO Bna>K-
HOCTb TeCTa 06bI'IH0 YCTaHaBOOBalOT Ha 1 % BbIUle npe,lJ;enbHO-,lJ;orryCTHMOH
Bna>KHOCTH xne6a.
ITpH rrpOH3BO,lJ;Crne xne6a H3 CMeCH p>KaHOH H rrUleHlf'IHOH MYKH TeCTO
BbI6pa>KHBalOT ,lJ;0 KHcnoTHoCTH Ha 1-2 rpa,rJ; BbIUle BepxHero l1pe,lJ;ena CTaH-
,lJ;apTHoH KHcnOTHOCTH Bblpa6aTbIBaeMoro copTa xne6a.
HeCMOTpH Ha TO, qTO HH>KHHe npeLJ;enbI KHcnOTHOCTH rOTOBOH npO):(yK-
WlH He pernaMeHTHpoBaHbI, ,lJ;.IlH rronyqeHHH p>KaHbIX H p>KaHO-rrUleHH'IHbIX
COpTOB xne6a xopOUlero KaqeCrna KOHe'IHaH KHcnOTHOCTb TeCTa MO>KeT
6bJTh HH>Ke BepXHero npe,lJ;ena CTaHLJ;apTHOH KHcnOTHOCTH xne6a He 60nee,
qeM Ha 1,5-2 rpa,lJ;.
l' 8 6 JI II U a 36
Pcqemypa H peHiliM KOHCepB8qJI1I )l(H,!V(oii 3aKBaCKH
6ro 3aBapKII nyreM o:xna)I(AeHIIJl H ee pe8KTlIBllqllJl OCBC)I(eHlleM
H8HMeHOB8HlIe CbIpbJI, nony4J86pHK8TOB
H nOKa3aTeneii npoueCC8
>KH,i:\K8JI 38KB8CK8 6e3 38B8PKH
nocne KOH- nocne OCBe)Ke.
cepB8Ul1H HHJI H 6po)KewiJI
oxna eHHcM (H8 100 Kr MYKlI)
Bb!6po)l(cHHaR 3aKBaCK8 110 KOHcepBaUlIlI, Kr
3aKB8CKa noCJIC KOHcepa8UlIlI, Kr
MYK8 pxmHaH, Kr
Bona, Kr
Bna)I(HOCTb, %
TeMnepaTypa,oC:
BOnbI B BOI1HHOfi py681I1Ke 6pOAlIJ1bHOrO
qaHa
BO,o;b! 1JlIR OCBC)I(eHHH 3aJ<BaCKlI nOCJIe
KOHcepBaUlIlI
38KB8CKlI
KHCJIOTHOCTb, rp8p;:
nOCJIe KOHcepBaUlIlI
noCJIC OCBC)I(eHIIR II 6po)l(eHlIH
nOj1'beMHaR CHJJ8, MJlH:
nocJlc KOHcepB8UlIJi
nocJle OCBe)l(CHlIH II 6po)l(eHHH
npOp;OJl)l(l!TeJlbHOCTb, 'I:
KOHoepB8UlIlI
6po)l(eHlIR noCJIC OCBC)I(eHlIR
KOHcepBa >KU,JJ;KOjt 3aKBaCKH 6e3 3aBapKH
ITpH pa60Te B O,lJ;H)'-,lJ;Be CMeHbI BbI6po>KeHHYlO >KH,lJ;KYIO 3aKBaCKY e3
3aBapKH MO>KHO KOHcepBHpoBaTb nyreM oxna>K,lJ;eHHH ,lJ;0 TeMrrepaTypbI
IUIlOC 10:tSoe (Ta6JI. 36) HOO nyreM OCBe>KeHHH LJ;BOHHOH ,lJ;030H IlHTaHHH
C HaqanbHOH TeMITepaTypoH OKono 20 0 e C rrocne):(ylOIlJ,HM XpaHeHHeM rrpH
TeMITeparype 20-25°e.
ITpH KOHcepBa1nm oxna>K,lJ;eHHeM 50% BbI6po>KeHHOH B 06bJqHbIX YCJIO-
BHSIX >KH,lJ;KOH 3aKBaCKH oxna>K,lJ;alOT ,lJ;0 TeMnepaTypbI imlOC lO:t5°e H XpaHHT
npH TaKOH >Ke TeMIIepaTYpe B eMKOCTHX C oxna>K,[(alOIUeH Py6aUlKoH B Teqe-
HHe LJ;O 24 qaCOB. ITocJ1e KOHCepBau,HH 3aKBacKY peaKTHBHpYlOT rrO,lJ;orpeBoM
qepe3 BO,lJ;RH)'lO Py6aUlKY, OCBe>KalOT IlHTaTenbHOH CMeCblO B COOTHOUlemm
1:1 C HaqanbHOH TeMnepaTYPoH 30:t2°e, BbI6pa>KHBalOT ,lJ;0 KHCJIOTHOCTH
9-13 rpa,rJ; (B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT COpTa MYKH) H pacxo,lJ;YlOT Ha npHroToBneHHe
TeCTa H BocnpOH3BO,lJ;CTBO 3aKBaCKH 06bl'IHbIM cnoc060M.
Xono,lJ;H)'lO BO):(y ,lJ;JIH 3anonHeHHH BO,lJ;HHOH Py6aJl!I<H 6pOMJ1bHbIX
qaHOB B 3HMHee BpeMJI nonyqalOT H3 BO,lJ;OrrpOBO,lJ;a, a B neTHee - H3 apTe-
3HaHCKOH CKBa>KHHbI HnH HerrOCpe,lJ;CrneHHo Ha npe,lJ;npIDITHH C rroMoIUblO
rrpHH)'AHTenbHOro oxna>K,[(eHHH.
ITO,lJ;OrpeB 3aKBaCKH nocne KOHcepB HH oCYllIecrnnHlOT BO,lJ;OM C TeMne-
paTypOH 46-S0 0 e, KOTOpylO HCrrOJIb3YlOT ,lJ;.IlH npHroTOBJIeHHH ffiITaTeJIbHOH
CMeCH H ,lJ;.IlH o60rpeBa 6pO,lUIJIbHbIX qaHOB rrOCpe,lJ;CTBoM BO,lJ;HHOn Py6aJllKH.
153
153
50
103
72 72
4-10 28-32
46-50
1O:!:5 28-32
12-14
9-13
30-40
25-35
8-24
3-5
ITpH KOHcepB HH oxna)l(,lJ;eHHeM H rrocne):(ylOIUeH peaKTHB HH 3a-
KBaCKY eJIeC006pa3HO rrepeMennman,,lJ;.IlH 60JIee 6bJcTporo H paBHOMepHoro
,lJ;OCTH)l(eHHH Tpe6yeMoH TeMnepaTypbI.
ITpH He06xo,lUIMOCTH KOHcepBa HH >KH,D;KOH 3aKBaCKH Ha 10-15 CYT
He60JIbUlOe KOJIHqeCTBO ee (5-10 Kr) rrOMeIUalOT B XOJIO,lJ;IDIbHHK C TeMrrepa-
TypOH 4-6°e.
.D.rrH B0306HOBJIeHHH npo ecca 6pO)l(eHHH oxna)l()J;eHHYlO 3aKBaCKY OCBe-
>KalOT rrHTaTeJIbHOH CMeCblO B COOTHOUleHHH 1:1 C HaqanbHOH TeMrrepaTypoH
28-30 0 e H ,lJ;anee HaKaIUIHBalOT ,lJ;0 Hy>KHOrO KOooqeCTBa rrocpe,lJ;CrnOM
OCBe>KeHHH no pe errType H TeXHOnOrHqeCKOM)' pe>KHM)' npOH3BO,lJ;CrneHHoro
HKna.
ITpH OTCyrCTBHH peanbHbIX B03MO>KHOCTeH KOHCepBaInIH oxna)l(,lJ;eHHeM
)l(H,lJ;KYlO 3aKBaCKY MO>KHO COXpaHHTb B TetreHHe 8-12 q rrYTeM OCBe>KeHHH
,lJ;BOHHOH ,lJ;030M ffiITaHHH C HaqanbHOH TeMrrepaTypOH He 60JIee 20 0 e.
B ,lJ;aHHOM cnyqae qepe3 8-12 q XpaHeHHH npH TeMrrepaType IUIlOC
20-2s o e KHcnOTHOCTb 3aKBaCKH COCTaBnHeT 12-14 rpa,lJ; rrpH rro,lJ;'beMHOH
CHJIe 35-40 MHH. .D.rrH B0306HOBJIeHHH rrpo ecca 6pO>KeHHH 3aKBaCKY OCBe-
80
81
AnnapaTypHoeO OpMJIeHHe TeXHOnOrJllleCKOrO npOl ecca
IIpHI'OTOBneHH1l )KIf,J];KOA aaKBaCKH 6ea 33BapKH H T cra
BbI6po>IreHHYIO 3aKBaCKY' (50%} K3 (8)K,O;Oro.6porombHoto 1JaRa noOIle-
perom nepeKa'lHBalOT B pacxo.n;Hbdi 1JaH, 8 K OCraBlIIeHCH MaCC\} .n;o6anmuor
llH'l'aTenboylO CMtCb W'UI BocnpoH3Bo.n;CtBa npe)f(HeH MaCCbI 3aKBBCKH. Um<-
JU.I OT60poB H OCBe)Kemdi: OH 3aKB8ct<:B nOBTopJIIOT 1Jepe3 Ka)KJ: b1e
3-4 1J no .n;OCTH>KeHHH' KHcnOTHOCTH. 9-13 rpBA (B 3anHCHMOCTH OT copra
H KaqeCt'Ba MYKH) H YBeJJWleHHH 06'beMa B 1,5-2'pa3a.
113 pacxOnt'lOfO 'Iaaa 3aKBaCKY A03HpyroT 1Jepna'IKOBbIMH HJIB .n;PYTH-
MH .n;oaaTOpaMH Ua 3aMec TeCTa B MaIllIlHax HenpepbmHoro AeitCTBHJI, HanpH-
Mep 118-XTA 12/1 HJIB ApyrHX MapOK.
TecTo C flaqanbHOH TeMnepaTYpoit 29 31°C BbI6pa)KHBalOT B arperare
XTP, B CeKIJ;MJIX 6YUKepHbIx arperaToB HenpepbmHoro' .n;eHCtBHJI' HJIB B .n;py.
mx HecTaH,IJ;apTlJ:bIx eMKOCTJIX.
Pa3HoBH.n;aOCThlO .n;aHHoii armaparypHoH CXeMbI mJnJIerCJI cxeMa mmpe-
pbIBHo-nopWfOHHofO npuroToBneHHH KOH' 311KBaCKH H Henpepb.BHoro
npuroToBneHHJI TeCTa (PHC. 5). B TeCTOMeCHJIbHyro MawHHY HenpepbmHofO
lJ;eHCTBlfJI, HCnOJJb3yeM}'IO B Ka'leCTBe cMeCHTeJIJI, 1J;03HpyroT MYKY, B011,}'
R cnenylO 3aKBaCKY. 113 MeCHJIbHOii MaIllMHbI CBe'xrenpUI:OTOBneHHaJI
)KIDOT IIHHnenhHOH CMeCblO B COOTHOUleIDUI 1: 1 C Ha'IaJIbHoii: TeMIIeparypoii
28-30°C, Bbl6pa)KHBalOT )1.0 KMCJIOTHOCm 9-13 rpa)1. (B 3aBMCMMOCTII OT
copTa M)'KM) M licnonb3YIOT HB npWOIOl3neHMe TeCTa MBocnpoH3BO)1.CTBO
311KBaCKH 06bl'IHblM cnoco60M.
HaH60JIbUlee pacnpoCTpaHeHHe B npOMbIUlJleHHOCTH HMeeT armapaTYpulUI
cxeMa C nopnuOHHblM 6po)KeHHeM >KH)J.Koii 3aKBaCKH B OT)1.eJIbHO CTOJIUUiX
1JaHaX H C HenpepbmHbIM 3aMeCOM TeCTa (PHC. 4) .
'1
a
.
II
PRC. 4. AnrrapaTYPJiaJI cxeMa nopUlloHHoro npHT'OTOBJleHIUI >KIfWC 'D '3aKBaCKH &3
3aBapKII H HelIpepbIBHoro npHroTOBJICHIUI TeCTa
1 - 6B'IOK BonoconenOAI'OTOBHTeJ1l>HbIHIII2-X.In1; 2 - n03BTOp Cl>lIIytlHx KOMIIOHeH-
TOO IU2-X.ll.2-A; 3- MlUIIHH8 X3-2M-300; 4-H8COC XH 300 IJ;JVI nepeKa'IHB3HH/I fiB-
1'aTeJ1l>HOH CMeCH H -38KB8CKH; 5 - '1811 JqloXOKeBOH P3-X'tJ,r{ C MemanKoH H BO.AlDloA
py68lI1KOH; 6 - peCJI;OAlU>IH '111H; 7 - IJ;03Brop IllaflJ;KHX 1COMIIOHeHTOB '1epna'lKOBOrO
THIIa IU32-XJJ.TI; 8 - P.0311pOBO'III8.11 CT8,HIJ;HJI IU2-XJ{M; 9 - TCCTOMeCWIbHIUI Me.
lIIHHa M8-XTA-12fl; 10 - Unlet( 1l01J;a'IH TeCTa 1II32-XIUT; 11 - eMKOCTb XTP HJJH
ceK oHHbIH-.fiYHKep p.nJJ 6poxceHIUI TeCTa
IlpH noplIl1OHHOM npHfOTOBneHHH H 6po>Kemm jf(H)J.I<oii: 3aKB<lCKH IIHTa.
TeJIbHYIO eCb H3 MYKH H BOAhI BJIa)KHOCTblO 69-75% rOTOBJIT B MallIHHe
X3-2M-300 IDIH Ll:pyroM CMeCHTeJIe nepHO)J.H'IeCKoro )1.eHCTBHJI. EpO)KeHHe
XGI)J.I<OH 3aKBaCK" ocym;eCTBJIJIIOT B 'IaHaX P3-XQ.n., nuJIBH)J.pH'IeCKHXBaHHa;x.
)J.JIJI naCTepH3aIDIH MOJIOKa IDIH )1.PyrHX eMKOCTJIX H3 Hep)f(aBelOm;eii: CTaJIH,
>KeJIaTeJIbHO C MeUlaJIKOM H BOAHHoii: py6allIKoii.
PRC. 5. AnnapaTypHaH CXCMa nOPltIIOHllO-HenpepbIBHoro npHT'OTOBJleHIUI >KIf.nI<oil:
311KBacKlI 6e3 3aBapKH II HenpepbIBHoro nplITOTOBJleHIUI TeCTa 113 P)l(aIloil: II P)I(aIIO-
mneHH'lHoil: MYKII
1 - 1J;0311pOBO'IHaH cTaHUllH IU2-;x..lI.M; 2 - IJ;03BTOp X<H,!I;KHX KOMnOHeHTOB
'1epna'lKOBOrO TUn8 IU32-;x..lI.TI; 3 - 'l8H AP0Xi:)KeBOH P3-X1J)J; C MeWII1IKOH H BO-
JVlHOH py68lI1KOn; 4 - pacXOjJ;HbIH 'I8H; 5 -IJ;03HpOBO'IH8H CT81IIJ;HJI 1II2-;x..lI.M
6 - TeCTOMeCHJ1I>H8H MBIIIHHa M8-XTA-12fl; 7 - UnleK nop.a'IH TeCTa 1II32-XI1IT;
8 - eMKOCTb XTP HJ1H ceKUlloHHbIH 6YUKep p.nJJ 6pO)KeHHII TeCTa; 9 _ HBCOC
XHn-300; 10 - 'l8H-C60pHlIK
82
83
3aI<:BaCKa CaMOTeKOM rrocTyrraeT B 'JaH - c60pHHK 11 HaKarrnllBaeTCH TaM ,lJ;0
K01IliqeCTBa, He06xo)J,!1MOrO }1,JIH 3arronHeIDlH O,lJ;HOrO 6pO,l],lU!bHoro 'laRa.
113 qaHa-c60pHHKa 3aKBaCKY rrepll0,[UfqeCKll nepeKa'nrnalOT HaCOCOM B qaHbI
}1,JIH 6po)!(eHHH. CnenylO 3aKBaCKY C KllCJIOTHOCTblO 9-13 rpa,lJ; ll3 6P0,[(IDIb-
HbIX qaHOB nooqepeAHo rrOJIHOCTblO rrepeKa'll!BalOT B paCXO,lJ;HbIH qaH. 113 pac-
XO,lJ;HOro qaHa 30% crrenoH 3aI<:BaCKH (rrpllllCrrOJIb30Bam-lll CbIBOpOTKll) HJUf
50% (6e3 CbIBOpOTKll) pacxoA}'IOT Ha B0306HOBJIelllie 3aI<:BaCKll, a OCTaB-
rnylOCH 3aKBaCKy - Ha 3aMec TeCTa B Maunmax HenpepbIBHoro ,lJ;eHCTBllH
C rrOCJIeA}'IOUUfM BbI6pa)i(lfBaHHeM B nlO6bIX eMKOCTHX ,lJ;0 Tpe6yeMoii: KHC-
nOTHOCTll B 3aBllCMOCTll OT copTa xne6a. TaKaH cxeMa paWWHaJlbHa, T. K.
npll nepeKa'll!Bam-lll BbI6po)!(eHHOH 3aKBaCKll rronHoCTblO ll3 6pOAHnbHOrO
B paCXO,lJ;Hbrn qaH 11 HerrpepbIBHOM BocrrpOll3BO,lJ;Crne 3aKBaCKll 06ecne1JJl-
BaeTCH paBHOMepHoe rrepeMelllliBaHHe crrenOH 3aKBaCKll C IDlTaTeJIbHOH
CMeCblO 11 cTa6M1ill3llpyeTCH rrpou;ecc 6pO>KeHHH.
l' a 6 JI II U a 37
Pe enTypa H PCX(HM IIpHI'OTOBneiWJI HOIAKOH 3aKBacKH
C 38BapKoH B pa3BO,qO'lHOM KJIe HB)K 'lHCTbIX
KYJIbIYPax ,o;po)l()I(eH II MOnO'IHOKHCJJbIX 6aKrepHii
HallMeHOB8HlIe CbIpbJI, nonyl!>a6pHKBToB
H nOK83aTeneH npo ecca
B3bI pa3BOP;O'IHOro UlIKn8
III
1,0
1,0
1.0
1,0
0,4
107,0 214,0
31,0 50,0
25,0 14,0 38,0
21,0 21,0 43,0
56,6 73,0 133,0
107,0 214,0 428,0
74-75 79-80 79-80
31-33 31-33 31-33
8-10 3-5 3-5
8-10 9-11 10-13
7-9 8-10 9-12
B 6po,lJ;JfnbHbIH qaH C nllTaTenbHOH CMeCblO ll3 M}'KH, B01J;bI II 3aBapKH
BROCHT 1JJlCTbIe KYJIbTypbI MHKpOOpraHH3MOB, Bce nIJ;aTenbHo rrepeMelllli-
BalOT H OCHlBnHIOT }1,JIH 6pO>KeHHH Ha 7-9 'I ,lJ;0 HaKonneHHH KHCJIOTHOCTH
7 -10 rpa,lJ;.
K CrreJIOH 3aKBaCKe I <pa3bI ,lJ;06aBnHIOT ffiuaTenbHyIO CMeCb, rrepeMelllli-
BalOr, BbI6pa>KHBalOT ,lJ;0 Tpe6yeMoH KllCJIOTHOCTll 11 rronyqalOT 3aKBacKy II,
a 3aTeM III <pa3bI pa3BO,lJ;OqHOrO lUfKna C nOCJIe)JyIOUUfM HaI<:OrrneIDIeM ,lJ;0
KOJIllqeCTBa, Hy>KHOro npOll3BOACTBY, co6nIOA3JI nponopU;1fH CbIpbH II TeXlIO-
nOnIqeCKlle napaMeTpbJ III <pa3bI pa3BO,lJ;0'lHOro lUfKJIa.
ITpll Bbme,lJ;eHHH 3aKBaCKll C 3aBapKoH C He60nbIlIoH MaCCbI B YCJIO-
BllHX na60paTopIDI B nllTaTem,HyIO CMeCb C TeMnepaTypoH 31-33°C, co-
CTOmu;ylO ll3 M}'KH (1,0 Kr), B01J;bI (2,8 Kr) 11 3aBapKH (1 Kr) BHOCHT 200 MJI
CMeCH 'lHCTbIX KYJIbTYP MonotJHOKllCJIbIX 6aKTepilli (rro 50 MJI Ka)l()];Oro
IlIraMMa) II 10 MJI 'IllCTOH KYJIbTypbI ,lJ;pO>K>KeH B BH,lJ;e CMbIBa C KocIlKa,
Bce Tl aTenbHo rrepeMelllliBalOT, rrOMem;alOT B TepMoc aT C TeMnepaTypoH
31-33 C }1,JIH 6po>KeHHH Ha 8-10q,lJ;0 KHCJIOTHOCTH 7-9 rpa,lJ;" nonyqaroT
5 Kr 3aKBaCKH I <pa3bI pa3BO,lJ;OtJHOro lUfKna. K crrenOH 3aKBaCKe I <pa3bI
,lJ;06aBnHIOT ffinaTenbHyIO CMeCb H3 MYJ<H (0,9 Kr), BO,lJ;bI (3,1 Kr) 11 3anapKH
(1 Kr), rrepeMelllliBalOT, BbI6pa>KllBalOT B TepMOcraTe C TeMnepaTypoH
31-33°C B TetJeHHe 3-5 q,lJ;O KHCJIOTHOCTH 8-10 rpa,lJ; H rronytJalOT 10 Kr
>KlfAKlle KynbTypbI MOnO'lHOKlICllbIX 6aKTepllH, n:
L. plantamm- 30
L. casci- 26
L Brcvis-l
L fcrmcnti-34
>KlIAK8H I<ynbTYpa I1po)l()I(elt S. cerevisiae n-l, n
3aKB8cK8 IIPCAbIAYIUcfi q,83bI, Kr
KOJllI'leCTBO MYKII B 38KBacKc, Kr
MYKB pxmHaH 060ilH8H HJlH 061111pHaH, Kr
3aBapK8 113 MYKH II BOAbl (1 :2,5) , Kr
Bo,o;a,Kr
06ruaH Macca, Kr
BJla)!(ll OCTb, %
TCMIIepaTYpa Ha'laJ1I,Ha5l, °c
. IIp 0 l1 0Jl )l(l!TeJlI>HOCTb 6po)l(eHlI5I, tI
KlICIIOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaH, rpal1:
113 o60fiHOfi MYKII
113 06Al1pHofi MYKII
3.1.3. npHroToBneHHe Tecra Ha >KHAKoA 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKoA
Ha >Kll)J;KOH 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKoH no YHH<pHlwpoBaHHoH neHHHrpa,lJ;CKOH
cxeMe BbIpa6aTbIBalOT rrpeHM}'m;ecTBeHHO copTa xne6a H3 CMeCH p>KaROH H
nmeHH'lHOH M}'KH.
3aKBaCKa C 3a.BapKOH AomKHa HMeTb Bna>KHOCTb 80-85%, KHcnOTHOCTb
9-12 rpa,z:J;, nO,lJ;'beMHyIO CIDIy ,lJ;0 30 l'vffiH. 3aKBaCKY OCBe>KaIOT IDnaTeJIbHOH
CMeCblO H3 M}'KH H BO,lJ;bI C ,lJ;06anneHHeM 3aBapKH B K01Ili'leCTBe 20-35%
K Macce ffiITaIllUI }1,JIH CTHMYnHIUUf ,lJ;pO>K>KeH.
ITpH 3aMeCe TeCTa C 3aI<:BaCKOH BHOCHT 15-20% MYKH OT 06m;eH MaCCbI
ee Ha Tecro C nocne)JyIOUUfM 6pO>KeHHeM TeCTa ,lJ;0 HaI<:OlUIellliH Tpe6yeMoH
KHcnOTHocrll B 3aBHCHMOCTH or copra xne6a.
B pa3BO,lJ;0'lHOM lUfKne 3aKBacKY BbIBO)J.HT C rrpllMeHelllieM 1JJlCrOH Kynb-
TYPbI ,lJ;po>K>KeH S. cerevisiae n-l B CoqeraHHH co CMeCblO >Kll,lJ;KllX Kynb-
ryp MOnO'lHOKllCJIbIX 6aKTepIDi L. plantarum-30, L. casei-26, L. Brevis-I,
L. fermenti-34 HJllf cyxoro naKTo6aKrepHHa}1,JlH >KH)J;KHX xne6HbIx 3aKBaCOK
H3 3rHX)!(e IlITaMMOB.
ITo rronHOM}' pa3BOLJ;0'lH0M}' IUfKny 3aKBaCKY BbIBO,lJ;HT 1-2 pa3a B ro,lJ;
H1IIi no Mepe He06xo,lJ;llMOCTH B cJIytJae YXY,lJ;IlIellliH KatJeCTBa ee H3-3a BbI-
Hy>K,IJ;eHHbIX rrpocToeB H ,lJ;pyrHX HerrpeJU3H,lJ;eHHbIx rrpll'IHH.
Pa3Bo.n;O'lHbrn u;HKJI C npHMeHeHHeM >KJf,LUCHX 'lHCTbIX
KynLryp .n;po>K>KeA H MOnO'lHOKHCJILIX 6aKTepua:
BbIBe,lJ;eHHe >KllLJ;KOH 3aKBaCKll MO>KHO Ha1JJlHaTb HenOCpe,lJ;CTBeHHO B u;exe
C 6onbUlOH MaCCbI (Ta6JI. 37)HJlli B na60paropIfH C He60nbUlOH MaCCbI.
84
85
33KBaCKIi II a3bl. K HeH ,lJ;D6aBnHIOT 10 Kr IllnaTenbHDH CMeCIi 1I3 M}'KII
(1,8 Kr), BD,lJ;bl (6,2 Kr) II 3aBapKII (2 Kr), nepeMeunmaIOT,BbI6pa>KIIBaIOT
npli TeMnepaType 31-33°C no. KI1CnDTHDCTH 9-12 rpan II nDnY'laIOT 20 Kr
3aKBaCKli III a3bI.
EpO}J,IDIbHaR eMKDCTb ,lJ;Dn)!{Ha B 2,5 pa3a npeBbllUaTb Maccy 3aKBaCKli
no. rpa3aM pa3BOnD'lHDrD lUIKna. Bb16pD>KeHliYIO 33KBaCKY III a3bl nepeHD-
CHT B 6pD,lJ;HJIbHbIH 'laB 11 ,lJ;anee HaKalUIliBalOT ,lJ;D KDIDfqeCTBa, H)'>KHDrD npD-
1I3BDnCTBY, nYTeM ,lJ;D6mmeHlIR K cnenDH 3aKBaCKe pmiHDrD KDnH'leCTBa nl1-
TaTenbHOH CMeCH II Bbl6pa>KlIBamUI ,lJ;D KJiCJIDTHDCTH 9-12 rpa,lJ; B TeqeHHe
3-5 q. llpli Bna)K!{DCTIi 33KBaCKH 80, 82 11 85% CDDTHDlUeHHe MYKII, BD,lJ;b1
II 3aBapKII B IllnaTenbHDH CMeCIi ,lJ;Dn>KHD 6bITb CDDTBeTCTBeHHD 18 :62 :20,
14:61 :25, 8:57:35.
flpodo/IJICeIJue raM. 38
AKTHB 8L\11S1* cJ>a3bI p83BOP;O'lHOro
L\1IKn8
H8UMeHOB8HHe CbIpbSl, nony<l>a6puK8TOB
If nOK838Teneil npOlIeCC8 cyxoro 38K08-
nSKTO- CO'lHbIX I II UI
68KTe- P;PO>K-
pHH8 >Keil
Pa3BOJIO'IHLIA JI C nplIMeHelDleM cyxoro naKT06aKTepHHa
311BSpKa "3 MYKlIlI BOnbJ. (l :2,5), Kr 21,0 21,0 43,0
MYKa p)l(aHa51 o60ItHa51 MIl 06Al1pHaR. Kr 1.16 0,29 25,0 13,0 38,0
BOlJ)l, Kr 2,76 0,68 56.0 73.0 133.0
OGW351 Macca. Kr 4.0 1.0 107.0 214,0 428,0
BnS)I(HOCTb. % 75 75 74 75 79 80 79-80
TCMnepaTYpa HaqanbHaJl. DC 33 35 30- 33 31 33 31 33 31-33
KUCJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaR, rp3A:
113 o60ltnolt MYKH 3-5 8 10 9 11 10-13
113 06JU1pHOit MYKH 3-5 7-9 8 10 9-12
npol101l)l(HTenbHOCTb aKTlIBaUlIH H 6po)l(e- 4-5 4-5 7-10 3-5 3-5
HlIR, '1*
McnDnb3YIOT CYXDH naKTD6aKTepIIH )J,JUI >KH,lJ;I<IIX xne6HbIX 3aKBaCOK
B COqeTaHIDI C 'llICTOH KynbrypDH ,lJ;pD)J()J(eH S. cerevisiae n-l B BII,lJ;e CMhma
,lJ;pD)J()J(eBblx KDnDHIIll: C Tpex KDCHKDB CYCJID-arapa BD,lJ;DnpDBD,lJ;HDll: BD,lJ;Dll:.
llpli DTCyrCTBlI1I 'llICTDll: KynbTypbl ,lJ;DnycKaeTcH IICnDnb3DBaHHe BD)J,HDll: cyc-
neH3HH npeccDBaHHblx ,lJ;pD)J()J(ell: (Ta6n. 38).
* npecCOB3HHbIe npo)l()I(H 3KTHBlIpYIOT He 60nee 30-40 MHH.
107,0
31,0
214,0
50,0
BDAH)'IO cycneH31I1O naKTD6aKTeplIHa (8 ,lJ;D3 B 80 MIl BDnbl C TeMnepaTY-
pDll: 33-35°C) BHOCHT B ffinaTeJIb!l}'1O CMeCb 1I3 p>KaHDll: MYKII, BD,lJ;bI, TUJ;a.
TenbHD nepeMelUlIBalOT II DCTaBJIJllOT Ha 4-5 II npli TeMnepaType 33-35°C
)JJIH aKTHBamm MDnD'fHDKIICJIbIX 6aKTeplliL
llpli nD,nrDTDBKe 3aKBaCO'lHbIX Apo>K>KeH B Ka>K,I(YIO 1I3 Tpex npo6HpoK
C KDnDHHJIMII npo>K>KeBbIX I<J1eTDK Ha KOCHKax cycnD-arapa ,lJ;D6anJISlIOT
no. 10 MIl BDnDnpoBD,lJ;HDH BD,lJ;b1 C TeMneparypoll: 28-30°C, BCTpHxHBalOT II,
nDMDraJI CTeKnRHHOH nanD'lKDll:, CMbmaIOT KneTKI1 APD>K>Kell: C KDCHKDB
B IlliTaTenbH)'IO CMeCb. CDCTDHm:y1O 1I3 p>KaHOll: M}'KH II BO,lJ;bl, II DCTaBnHIOT
)JJIH 3KTHBaUHH npo>K>KeBbIX KneTOK npli TeMneparype 28-30°C Ha 4-5 'l.
llpH Hcnonb30BaHHII cycneH3HH npeccoBaHHblx npD)J()J(eH (30 r B 30 MIl
BD,lJ;bI) aKTIIBaUIiIO B M)"lHDH cpe,lJ;e npDBoAHT Bcero B Te'leHHe 30-40 MlIH.
AKTIIBHpoBaHHble naKTD63KTepIiH II npD>K)J(}I BHDCHT B 6pD,lJ;ID1bHblll:
qaH C IlliTaT.enbHDH CMeCbIO H3 MYKII, BO}J,b1 II 3anapKII, Tl..UaTenbHO nepeMeurn-
BalOT II OCTaBnRIOT Ha 6pD>KeHHe no. H3KDnneHHH KIICJIDTHOCTH 7 -9 rpa,lJ;.
Ha 3aKBaCKe I «l>a3bl roTDBHT 3aKBacKY II, a 3aTeM III «l>a3bl pa3BDnDII-
HDrD I.IIIKJIa.
llpli BbmeneHHII 3aKBaCKli C He6oJIblUOH MaCCbl B YCJIOBIIJIX JIa60pa-
TDPHH cycneH31I1O JI3KTo6aKTepHHa (4 ,lJ;D3bl B 40 MIl BD,lJ;bl) aKTHBlIpYIOT
4-5 'l npH TeMnepaType 33-35°C B IlliTaTenbHDH CMeCIi H3 M}'KII (0,29 Kr)
II BD)J,bI (0,67 n).
AKTIIBHpDBaHHbrn naKTD6aKTepHH Tlu:aTenbHD cMeurnBaIOT C cycneH-
3HeH np0)f()l(eH (CMbffi C nBYx KDCJIKOB IInH 1 r npeccDBaHHblx ,lJ;pO>K>KeH
B 20 MIl BD}J,bI) H BHDCHT B IlliTaTeJIbHYIO CMeCb H3 M}'KH (0,88 Kr), BOnbl
T a 6 11 111\ a 38
PCl.\enTYpa II pe)I(HM npllTOTOBneHHJI )KJW(OH 38KBaCKH C 38BapKOH
B pa3BO O'lHOM l.\HKne Ha CYXOM n3KT063KTepHHe
AKnmaIJ,llSl* cJ>S3bI pS3Bop:O'lHOrO
IUfKna
H811MeHOB8IDIe CbIpbJl, nony4>s6pHK8TO;B
H nOK33STencii npoueccs cyxoro 3 Ba-
nSKTO- CO'IHbIX J II 1lJ
6SKTe- AP°>K-
pHHS )l(eii
CycneH311J1 JlaKT06aKTepHHa I1JiJl )l(l!AKIIX
XJlC6HbIX 3aKBaCOK (8 n03 B 80 MJ1 BO-
p;bI),n
CycnCH311H I1po)l()I(elt S. ccrevisiac fl-l
(CMbIB C TpeX KOC5IKOB B 30 MJJ BOAbi
HJIII 30 I' npeccoBaHHbIX I1po)l()l(elt B
30 MJ1 BOAbi) , JI
AKTHBlIpoB3HHbIfi 1IaKT06aKTepllH, Kr
AKTlIBlIpoBaHHbIc )1PO)l()!(lI, Kr
3aKBaCKa IIpel1bLIJ,yll(CIt q,a3bI, KT
KOJlll'leCTBO MYKII B 3aKBaCKC, Kr
0,080
0,030
4,0
1,0
* npeccoBaHHbIe I1PO)l()I(lf aKTHBHpYIOT HC 601lec 30-40 MlIH.
86
87
(2,10 Kr) H 3aBapKH (1 Kr) P;JUI nOJIy<IeHHJl5 Kr 3aKBaCKH I clJa3bI C Ha'laJIb-
HOM TeMTIepaTypoH 32-33°C C nOCJIerorlOI.I:(HM Bbl6pa)!(}ffiaHHeM ]]:0 KIfCJIOT-
Hocrn 7-9 rpap;. K cneJIOH 3aKBaCKe I clJa3bl }J.06aBJIJlIOT IDnaTeJIbHyIO CMeCb
H3 Mj'KH (0,9 Kr), BO}J.M (3,1 Kr) H 3aBapKH (1 Kr), nepeMennmaIOT, Bbl6pa-
:>KIiBalOT }J.O KHCJIOTHOCrn 8-10 rpap; If nOJIY'lalOT 10 KI' 3aKBaCKH II clJa3bl.
K nOCJIe}J.HeH }J.06aBJIJlIOT nHTaTeJIbHyIO CMeCb (TeMTIepaTypa 32-33°C)
H3 Mj'KH (1,8 Kr), BO}J.bl (6,2 Kr), 3aBapKH (2 Kr), nepeMeIllHBalOT If Bbl6pa-
)!(}ffialOT }J.O KHCJIOTHOcrn 9-12 rpa}J.. CnenylO 3aKBaCKY III clJa:3bI (20 Kr)
nepeHocHT B 6po}J.IDIbHbm: 'laH If HaKamlHBalOT }J.O Hy)l(HOrO KOJrn'leCTBa, KaK
H npIf HaKOnJIemm 3aKBaCKH Ha )I(H}J.KHX KYJIbTypax MHKpOOpramI3MoB.
iIpOH3BO}J.CTBeHHbm I.\HKJI
ITpHrOTOBJIemle . 3aBapKH ocyrneCTBJIJllOT B 3aBapO'lHOH MaIllHHe
X32M-300 HJIH }J.pymx annapaTax. 3aBapKY roIOBJIT If3 p)l(aHOH MYKH H
BO}J.M B COOTHOllIemm 1 :2,5 npH 3aBaplffiaHHH KHIIHTKOM HJIH nponaplffia-
HHeM. Ha'laJIbHaH TeMnepaTypa 3aBapKH }J.OJI:>KIla 6bITb 65::t2°C.
ITpIf 3aBaplffiaHHH napoM 'laCTb BO}J.b1 IfJrn BCIO BO}J.y MO)l(HO 3aMeHHTb
MOnO'lHOH CbIDOpOTKOH.
,lJ,nJl nY'llllero ocaXaplffiaHHJI B oxna)f(,[(eHHyIO }J.O 40-45°C 3aBapKY MO)l(-
HO BHeCTIf aMHJIOpH3HH ITlO-X HJIIf no-x B KOJrn'leCTBe 0,005-0,01 % K Mac-
ce Mj'KH B 3aBapKe. 'IIp0}J.omKHTeJIbHOCTb oCaXaplffiaHlIJi 3aBapKH COCTaBnHeT
OT 40 }J.O 90 MHH. l1HTaTenblI}'1O CMeCb If3 Mj'KH, BO}J.b1 H ocaxapeHHoH 3aBap-
KIf rOTOBJIT B MallllfHe X32M-300 HJrn }J.pyroM CMeCHTene rrepHO}J.H'leCKOrO
}J.eHCTBHH.
ITpH npnrOTOBneHHH mnaTenbHOH CMeCH CHa'laJIa CMeIllHBaIOT Mj'KY C BO-
}J.OH }J.O nonY'leHHJI O}J.HOpO}J.HOH MaCCbl, a 3aTeM C oxna)f(,[(eHHOM }J.O 35-38°C
3aBapKOH.
B npOH3BO}J.CTBeHHOM IUfKne 3aKBaCKY Bbl6pa)l(lffialOT B 'laHaX P3-XQ.n:,
W1JrnHJJ;pH'leCKHX BaHHax }J.JIH naCTepH3 HH MOJIOKa HJIH B }J.pyrHx eMKOCTJlX
H3 Hep)l(aBelOrneH CTanH, )I(enaTeJIbHO C MemaJIKOH H BO}J.JlHOH py6allIKOH.
B npoH3BOLJ;CTBeHHOM IJ;HKne )I(I!}J.KYID 3aKBaCKY C 3aBapKOH OCBe)l(aIDT
no }J.OCrn)l(eHHH KHcnOTHOCTH 9-12 rpa}J. 'lepe3 3-5 'l 6pmKeHHJI (B 3aBHCH-
Mocrn OT BJIa:>KIIOcrn) nYTeM oT6opa 50% cneJIOH 3aKBaCKH B pacxo}J.HbIH
'laH H }J.aJ1ee Hcnonb30BaHHJI ee Ha 3aMec TeCTa H }J.o6aBneHHH B 6pO}J.HJIbHbIH
'laH K OCTaBllIeHCH Macce 3aKBaCKH IDnaTeJIbHOH CMeCH H3 M)'KH, BO I H
3aBapKH }J.JIJI BocnpOH3BO}J.CTBa 3aKBaCKH. CO}J.ep)l(aHHe 3aBapKH B IDna-
TeJIbHOH CMeCH IIpe}J.nO'lrnTenbHO 20 H 35% npH Bna)KHOCrn 3aKBaCKH COOT-
BeTCTBeHHO 80 H 85% (Ta6JI. 39).
Pe enTypa II pe)!(llM npHrOTOBJIeHHH JK OH 3aKBaCKH
C 3aBapKOH B npoH3BOAcmeHHOM HKJIe
iIpHI'OTOBneHHe TeCTa
ITpH 3aMece TeCTa C )I(!1}J.KOH_3aKBaCKOH, cO}J.ep)l(arneH 3aBapKY, BHOCHT
15-20% OT 06rneH MaCCbl MYKH. Ha TeCTO (Ta6JI. 40).
l' a 6 JI II U a 39
l' a 6 J1 II U a 40
Pel.\emypa II TeXHOJIOnAecKlle napaMeTpbI npnroTOBJIeHHH TCCTa
Ha )I(lfAKOH 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKOH
aHMeHOBaHlIeCbIpbH,nony a6pllKaTOB
II nOKa3aTeneH npou.ecca
Pacxon CbIpbR
H TeXHOnOrlf'IeCKHe napaMeTpbI
npH Bna)KHOCTH 38KBaCKlI, %
Pacxon CbIpbJl H napaMeTpbI
TeCTa npll BHecemUl MYKH
C 3aKBaCKOH, %
80
85
HallMeHoBaHlIeCbipbR,nony a6pllKaToB
H nOKa3aTeneH npou.ecca
3aKBaCKa IIpe)l(Hero IIpllrOTOBlIeHlIH, Kr
KOJlll'leCTBO MYKlI, BHOClIMOIt C 3aKBaCKofi, Kr
3aBa pKa 113 MyKlIlI BOl1bI (I :2,5), Kr
MYKa p)l(aHaH, Kr
BOl1 a ,Kr
Macea 3aKBaCKU, KT
KOlIlI t leCTBo MYKH B 3aKBacKc, 1<1'
BJ1a)!(ll OCTb, %
TCMlIepaTypa Ha'laJ1bIIaH, °c
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJI, rpal1
np0l10n)l(HTeJIbHOCTb 6pO)I(CHlIH, 'I
nOl1:beMHaH ClIJ1a, MlIH
88
214
50
43
38
133
428
100
79-80
31-33
9-12
3-5
20-30
237
50
59
33
145
474
100
82-83
31-33
9-12
3-5
20-30
285
50
100
22
163
570
100
84-85
31-33
9-12
3-5
20-30
15
20
>KlI}J.I<aH 3aKBaCKa C 3aBapKolt, Kr
MYKa, Kr*
Conb nOBapeHHaH IIHIUCBaH, Kr
J].pyroc p,OIIOlIHlITClIbHOC CbIpbe, Kr
Bop,a, KT
BJlB)KHOCTb. %, HC 60Jlcc
TCMIICpaTypa HaqaJlbIIaH, °c
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaH, rpa,o;
np0I10Jl)l(lITCJ1bHOCTb 6po)l(CHlIH, MlIH
71,0 95,0
85,0 80,0
IIO pcucliType
IIO peucnTYpc
IIO pac'IcTY
W xn + (D,S -1,0)
29-31 29-31
B 3aBlICHMOCTll OT COpTa XJlc6a
120-180 90-150
* COOTHOlI1CHlIe pmaHolt II nlI1eHlI'IHOfi MYKH B TCCTC 3aBllClIT OT BbIpa6aTbmacMO-
ro COpTa XJlc6a.
89
PaC'leTH}'1O Bl1a>KHOCTb TeCTa YCHlHaBJIHBam Ha npennpmlTlUI np06Hhl-
MH Bhme'lKaMH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Ka'leCTBR M}'1<H H copTa XJ1e6a. DpH nepe-
pa60n::e M)'KH C HOpMaJIhHO" aBTOl1HTH'IeCKOH aKTHBHOCThIO BJIIDKHOCTh
TeCTa paCC'lHTblBalOT 06bl'lHO Ha 1 % Bblme BepxHet'o npe)];ena Bl1a)l(HOCTH Bbl-
pa6aTbmaeMoro copTa XJ1e6a C yqCTOM nOTepH'BJIarn npH Bhme'lKe. KOHe'lHaJl
KHCJ10THOCTh TeCTa )];OJI>KHa 6bITb Ha 1-2 rpa)]; Bblme KHCJIOTHOCTH Bblpa6a-
TbmaeMoro copra XJle6a C Y'IeTOM nOTepH llaCTH JIeTY'lHXIGICJlOT B npou;ecce
Bbme'lKH.
Annap a 1YpHoe ocJ>opMJIelDle TeXHOJIOJ1f1JeCKOrO npou;ecca
IIpHroTOBJIelDlB )l(HJJ;KOH 3aKBaCKH C 3aBapKoli H TeCTa
HaJl60JIblllee pacnpoCTpaHerme B npOMbIlllJIeHHOCTH HMeeT anIIaparyp-
HaB cxeMa C nopIUIOHHbIM npHrOTOBJIeHHeM :>KH)J;KOH 3aKBaCKH B OT)];eJIbHO
CTOHIUHX 'laHaX H C HenpepbmHbIM 3aMeCOM reCTa (PHC. 6).
I
2
KOHCepB3ItHH )I(JfJlKoA 3aKBaCKH C 3RBapIWH
"1
>KH)];KYIO 3aKBacKY C 3aBapKoH MO)l(HO 3aKoHcepBHpoB3rh Ha 8-24
Ilaca nyreM OXlIa>K)J;eHHII.
DpH nOM 50% BbI6po)l(emmH 33KBaCKH C KHCJ10THOCThlO 9-12 rp
OXlIa>K)J;alOr )];0 TeMnepaTypbI IU1IOC 5-IO o e H XpaHIIT fipH TO" )l(e TeMIIepa-
TYpe B eMKOCTIiX C OXJ1a>K)J;alOr.u;eH Py63IIIKOH.
,LJ,rr1l peaKTHBar.um 3aKBaCKY IIO)];OrpeBaIOT ropll'leH BO)];OH nocpe)];CTBOM
BOWlHOH py6allIKH, OCBe)l(alOT nHTareJIhHOH CMeCblO B COOTHomeHHH 1 1
C Ha'laJIbHO" TeMneparypoii 31-33°e, BbI6pIDKHBalOT no KHCJ10THOCTH 9-12
rpa,o, H HCnOJIh3YlOT Ha IIpHrOTOBJIeHHe TeCTa H BocnpOH3BonCTBO 3aKBaCKH
06bl'lHblM cnoc060M.
DpH oTcyrCTBHH B03MO>KHOCTH OXJJa>K)J;eHHJI )l(H):UCYIO 3aI<BaCKY C 3aBap-
KO" MO>KHO COXpaHHTh B relleHHe 8-12 '1aCOB, OCBe>KHB ee )];BoHHOH )];030H
IIHTaHH.II C TeMneparypoH IU1IOC 15-20 0 e.
DocJIe XpaHeHHII 3aKBacKY OCBe)l(alOT 06hI'lHbIM cnoc060M B COOTHome-
HHH I: 1 C HaqaJIhHOH TeMneparypoH 30-32°C, BhI6pa:>KHBa1OT no KHCJ10THO-
CTH 9-12 rpa)]; H pacxo)J;yIOT Ha 3aMec TeCTa H BOCIIPOH3BO)];CTBO 3aKBaCKH
npH OCBe)l(eHHH BbI6po)l(eHHO" 3aKBaCKH )];BOHHOM P:030H IIHTaHHJI
B JIeTHee BpeMJI Moryr B03HHKHYTh 3aTpY)];HeHHJI C OXJJa>K)J;eHHeM 3aBapKH
)];0 TeMIIeparypbI IU1IOC 15-20 0 e.
B )];aHHOM CJ1Yllae BbI6po)l(eHHYIO 3aKBaCKY C 3aBapKoH nepe)]; xpaHeHHeM
OCBe>KaIOT )];BOHHOH )];030H IIHTaHHJI 6e3 3aBapKH C TeMIIepaTypoH 20-23°e
DOCJ1e 8-12 II XpaHeHHH 3aKBaCKY OCBe>KaIOT 06bIIlHbIM cnoc060M mnaTeJIb-
HOH CMeCblO C 3aBapKOH, BbI6pa:>KHBalOT )];0 KHCJIOTHOCTH 9-12 rpaD: H HC-
nOJIb3YlOT Ha npHrOTOBJIeHHe TeCTa H BocnpOH3BO)];CTBO 3aKBaCKH.
npO)];OJI:>KHTeJIbHOCTh 6pO)l(eHHH H nO)];'beMHaH CHJIa :>KH)];KOH 33KBaCKH
C 3aBapKOH nOCJIe KOHcepBaJ..{HH JII06bIM H3 ynoMHHYThIX CIIoc060B MorYT
6hITh HOpMaJIH30BaHbi nYTeM BaphHpOBaHHH Halla.T1bHOH TeMnepaTypbI npH
OCBe)l(eHHH IDTH nYTeM )];06aBJIeHHH aMHJIOpH3HHa DIO-X B KOJIHqeCTBe
0,05-0,07% K Macce MYKH B 3aKBaCKe.
)!(H)];KYIO 3aKBaCKY nOCJIe 8.'JaCOBOH KOHcepBaJ..{HH MO>KHO HCnOJIb30-
BaTb lIJIH npHrOTOBJIeHHH TeCTa 6e3 OCBe)l(eHHH C npe)];BapHTeJIbHblM no)];o-
rpeBOM)];O 31-33°e IIOCpe)];CTBOMBO)];HHOH py6alllKH.
.
6 7
8
I
II
PIIc. 6. AnnapaTypH3H CXCMa nopUlloHHoro UpllroTOBJ1CHHH )KIIAKOIt 3aKBaCKlI C 3a-
BapKolt II HClIpepbIBHOro npllroTOBJlCHHH TCCTa 113 p>KaHofi II p)I(aIIO-UroCHH'IHofi MYKII
1 - JJ;03aTop CbIfiY'lliX KOMnOHeHTOB lli2-X)J,2-A; 2- 6a'lOK Bo.noconenoJJ;roTOBHTeJIh-
HbIH lli2-X)J,H; 3 - 3aBapOlffiaR MaIIIllHa X3-2 M-300; 4 - C60PHHK C MeWaJIKOH MB-SOO;
5 - 'IaR JJ;pO»OKeBOH P3-X1J)J, C MelI1aJIKOH II BOJJ;HHOH py6alI1KOH; 6 - pacxoJJ;HbrH
'UH; 7 - JJ;03aTop )KHJJ;KHX KOMnOHeHTOB 'ICpna\lKOBOrO nma lli32-X)J,TI; 8,-,JJ;03H-
pOBOlffiaR CTaRUlI>I lli2-X)J,M; 9 - TeCTOMeCHJ1bHaR MaIIIllHa H8-XTA-12/1;
10 - eMKOCTb XTP Hmt ceKlVioHHbIH 6YHKep JJ;JUl 6pO>KeHlI5I TecTa; 11 - HSCOC XHn-300
.D.rrH npHroTOBJIeHHH BOAHO-MY'lHOH CMeCH B 3aBapo'lHylO MalIlliHY
X3-2M-300, HCnOJIb3yeM}'1O B KalleCTBe CMeCHTeJIB, )];03aTOpaMH nO)];alOT M}'KY
H BOJJ.Y. ITOJIY'leHHYIO rOMoreHHYIO Maccy HaCOCOM nO)];alOT B C60PHHK C Me-
lllaJIKoii. Bo BTOpylO 3aBapo'lHylO MalIlliHY )];03arOpaMH nO)];alOT MYKY, ropJl-
'lyra BO)J;y (pe)l(e XOJIO)];HYIO H OCTpbm IIap) H rOToBHT 3aBapKY. OcaxapeH-
HYIO B TOH )l(e MalIlliHe 3aBapKY no)];alOr B C60PHHK, r)];e nepeMelIlliBalOT
C BO)];HO-M}''lHOH CMeCblO. B KalleCTBe c60pHHKa MO>KHO HCnOJIb30BaTb 'laH
P3-XQ)],-560 C Mellla.T1KOH.
90
91
'!]jm npMrOTOBnemUI 3aBapKM M BO}J.HO-M)"IHOH CMeCM MO)!(HO noo'lepe}J.-
HO MCnOJ1b30BaTb O}J.Hy M TY )!(e 3aBapO'lH}'1O MalliliHY C nocne)JyIOIlUiM npMrO-
TOBne1illeM B C60pHMKe C MeIllanKOH IlliTaTenbHOH CMeCM M3 3aBapKM M BO}J.-
HO-MY'lHOii cycneH3IDi B YCTaHOBneHHOM COOTHOlllemill.
ITonY'femrylO IlliTaTenbliylO CMeCb HaCOCaMH nOO'lepe}J.HO nepeKa'lliBaIOT
B 6pO}J.MJIbHble 'laHbI P3-XQ,n: }J.nJ1 OCBe)!(emUI iKH}J.KOii 3aKBaCKM. ITpM :nOM
50% cnenoii 3aKBaCKM B YCTaHOBnemmii nocne}J.OBaTeJlbHOCrn oT6MpaIOT
M3 6P0}J.HJIbHI>IX 'laHOB B paCXO}J.Hbm H }J.anee Mcnonb3YIOT Ha 3aMec TeCTa,
a K OCTaBilleiicJ1 Macce }J.06aBnJ11OT 3KBMBaneHTHOe KOOO'leCTBO IlliTaTenbHoii
CMeCM }J.J1J1 BocnpoH3Bo}J.cTBa npe>KHeii MaCCbI 3aKBaCKH.
,!J.rrJ1 6po)!(eIDIJ1 3aKBaCKH KpoMe 'laHOB P3-XQ,n: MO)K!{O HCDonb30BaTb
APyrne IUlJIHlIApH'leCKHe eMKOCTH, coe}J.HHeHHble cHcTeMoii Tpy60npoBOLJ;OB
C HaCOCaMH, a TaK)!(e IJ;HOOlIApH'leCKHe BaHHbI H3 Hep)!(aBelOm:eii CTaJIM C H30-
oopoBaHHbIMH OTCeKaMH.
Ka>K)J,bm OTceK }J.OJI)!(eH HMeTL no}].Bo}J. IIHTaTeJIbHOii CMeCH no Tpy60npo-
BOAY H CnMBHble KpaHbI 11lIJ1 nOO'lepe}J.Horo oT60pa 50% cnenoii 3aKBaCKH
H3 OTceKOB 6pO}J.HnbHoro annapaTa, nO}J.atJH ee B pacxo}J.HyIO eMKOCTb M }J.anee
Ha 3aMec TeCTa.
TeCTo Ha )KH}J.Koii 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKoii 3aMeIllHBalOT B TecToMeclliIbHoii
MaIIIHHe HenpepbIBHoro }J.eiiCTBHJ1 118-XTA-I2/I lliIH }J.pymx MapoK 6e33a-
mrna B01J.bI, 3a HCKJIW'leIDIeM BO}J.bI, npe)JyCMoTpeHHoH JJ)1J1 pacTBopeHMJ1
COOO H npMroTOBneIDIJ1 xne6HoH "MO'lKH".
B TecToMeclliIbHyIO MaIImHy HenpepbIBHOro }J.eiiCTBHH }J.03aTOpaMH
nop;alOT MYKY, cnenylO 3aKBacKY, coneBoii paCTBop, }J.pyroe }J.onOJIIDITenbHoe
Cblpbe COrJIaCHO peu;enType M xne6H)'1O "MO'IKY". 3aMeIllaHHoe TecTO nOCTY-
naeT Ha 6po)!(elllie B arperaT XTP lliIH }J.pyryro eMKOCTb H }J.anee Ha pa3}J.eJIKY.
ITpH BJIa)I(HOCrn 3aKBaCKH 83-8.5% xne6HYlO "MO'IKY" }J.03HpyroT B 3aBapKY.
Pa3BOP;01JHbm IUlKn
B pa3Bo}J.0'lHOM IUlKJIe KMK3 BbIBO}J.JU C npMMeHelllieM CMeCM iKH}J;KHX
KYJIbTYP MOJIO'lHOKMCnbIX 6aKTepMii L. plantarum-30, L. casei-26, L. Brevis-I,
L. fermenti-34 lliIM cyxoro naKT06aKTepHHa 11lIH iKH}J.KMX xne6HbIX 3aKBaCOK.
QMCTYIO KYJIbTYPY }J.pO)!()!(eH He }J.06aBJIJ1IOT, To K. C03}J.aBaH nOBbIIlleHHbm
TeMneparypHblii peiKHM B 3aKBaCKe }J.06MBaIOTCH MHTeHCMBHOrO pa3BMTMJ1
TOJIbKO MOnO'lHOKMCJIbIX 6aKTepMH, M KaK cne}J.CTBMe, BbICOKOii KMcnOT-
Hocrn.
Pacxo}J. CblpbJ1 M nOJIy a6pMKaTOB (Ha 100 Kr MYKM B III a3e) M peiKHM
npMrOTOBJIeHMJI KMK3 B pa3Bo}J.0'IHOM IJ;MKJIe npe}J.cTaBJIeHbI B m6n. 41.
B OTOO'lIIe OT Tpa]J.HlT.JfOHHbIX rYCTbIX M >KH):r,KMX 3aKBaCOK npM BbIBe}J.e-
HIDi KMK3 CYXOH JIaKT06aKTepMH npe}J.BaplITeJIbHO He aKTMBHpYWT, T. K.
B LJ;aHHOM CJIY'lae M3-3a OTCYTCTBMJ1 }J.po)!()!(eii a3a aKrnBan;IDi JIaKT06aKTe-
pMHa COBMemeHa C I a30ii pa3Bo}J.0'IHOro IUlKJIa.
TaGlIlIua41
PeL\enTYpa II pe)l(lfM npmOTOBJleHllH KMK3 B pa3BO.r:lO'lHOM L\HKJIe
Ha CYXOM JIaKT06aKTepHlle 8JIH JUI )I(lfj1KHX KYJIbTypax
MOJIO'IHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTCpllii
HaHMCHOBaHHe CblpbH, 1I01Iyl}>a6pHK8ToB
1I1I0I<a3aTenCH IIpOlJ;ecca
cJ>a3bI pa3BOAO'IIIoro IJ;lIKn8
III
3.1.4. npHI'OTOBnelUle TeCTa Ha KOHneHTpHpOBaHHoA
6e3npo)lOl(eBoA MonOIlHOKHCJ10A 3aKB8CKe (KMK3)
no neHHHI'pancKoA cxeMe
CycncH311H JlaI<ToGaKTepllHa * AJlH )l(lIj1KlIX XJle6HbIX
3aKBaCOK (10 A03 B 100 MJJ BOP;bI), JI
3aKBacKa npeAbIAYIUefi q,a3bI, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHaH, Kr
BOAa, Kr
Macca 3aKBaCKlI, Kr
KOJilltICCTBO MYKII B 3aKBacKc, Kr
Bna)I(HOCTb, %
TCMlIepaTypa HaqaJlbHaH, °c
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaH, rpa)1
npOAOJl)l(lITeJ1bHOCTb 3al<BaIllHBaIflIH, 11
,n:amlbIii cnoc06 peKOMeHJJYeTCH }J.J1H npe}J.npJUJrnH C }].ByxcMeHHbIM
peiKHMOM pa60TbI. MOO Bblpa6aThIBalO1lUlX xne6 M3 p)!(aHOH M CMeCM pa3HbIX
COpTOB p)!(aHOH H nIlleIDI'lHoii MYKM Bcero HeCKOJIbKO 'lacOB B CyrKH HnH
C nepepl>IBaMH B OT}J.enbHble wrn He}J.enH, T. K. B Hepa60'lee BpeMH KMK3
He Tpe6yeT npHHY}J.HTenbHoro oxna)!(JJ;emlH HJIH npyrHX npHeMOB KOHcep-
Ban;HH.
KMK3 HMeeT Bna)K!{OCTb 60-70%, TeMnepaTYPY 37-41°C, KHCJIOTHOCTb
18-24 rpa,lJ;. TecTo roTOBHT B }].Be (KMK3 - TecTO) HOO TPH (KMK3 - ona-
pa - TecTO) CTarorn. ITpH 3aMece TeCTa Ha KMK3 B Ka'leCTBe 6HOJIOm'leCKHX
pa3pl>IXJIHTeneH BHOCHT npeCCOBaHHble llJIH iKH}J.KHe }J.pOJlOKH. C 3aKBaCKoii
pacxo)JyIOT 5-15% M}'KH OT 06m:eH MaCCbI ee B TeCTe C nOCJIe)JyIOIUHM 6po-
)!(eHHeM TeCTa B Te'leIDIe 60-180 MHH }J.O Tpe6yeMoH KHcnOTHocrn B 3aBHCH-
Mocm OT blpa6aTbIBaeMoro copTa xne6a.
0,1
1,0
1,9
3,0
1,0
69-71
38-41
16-18
12-16
3,0
9,0
16,0
28,0
10,0
69-71
38-41
18-20
12
28,0
90,0
166,0
284,0
100,0
69-71
38-41
18-22
8-12
* full CMeCb )l(HAKlIX KynbTYP MOnO'IHOKlICJlbIX 6aKTeplllt L. plantarum-30, L. Bre-
vis-I, L. casci-26, L. fermcnti-34 IIO 0,025 JI Ka)l()J;oro IllTaMMa.
BbIBe}J.e1ille KMK3 HatJHHalOT C 3 Kr, nonoMY nepBble }J.Be a3bI pa3Bo-
}J.o'IHoro IUlKJIa npoBo}J.HT B ycnoBHHX JIa60paTOpID!, n ommHH oc060e BIDI-
MaHHe K nO,!JJJ.ep)!(aHHIO TeMTIepaTypbI IUlIOC 38-41 C, CrnMYIlllpYIOIneH
pa3BMTMe MOJIO'lHOKMCnbIX 6aKTepMii H c}J.ep>KliBalOm:eH pa3BHTHe }J.PO)!(-
92
93
>KeBbIX KJIeTOK. nOna,[(alOIUHX C M}'KOH. Bbl6po>KeHJIyIO KMK3 II a3bl
(28 Kr) C KHCJlOTHOCTblO 18-20 rpa,[( nepeHOC1IT B 6£O AWI bHbIH 'IaH, ,[(06aB-
nSUOT IIHTaTenbHyIO CMeCb C TeMnepaTypoH OKono 40 C, Bna>KHOCTblO 70:!:1 %
83 M}'KH (90 Kr) H BOALI (166 Kr), Bce TlltaTenbHO nepeMeIIIHBalOT H OCTaD-
1IJIIOT AJl1I3aKBannlBaHH1I,[(0 KHcnOTHOCTH 18-22 rpa,[( Ha 8-12 'I.
llonyqeHHyIO KMK3 (284 Kr), co,[(ep>KalltYlO 100 Kr M}'KH, HaKannH.
BalOT ,[(0 Hy>KHoro KOJ1HlleCTBa nyreM nepHOp;HqeCKHX OCBe>Kemdi:, C06nIOP;aJI
nponopWiH penenrypbl H TeXHonomlleCKHe napaMeTpbl III $a3bl pa3BOp;O'l-
Horo WiKna.
T a 6 JI H Lt a 42
113 pacxonHOrO 'laHa B TelleHHe CMeHhl KMK3 HCnonb3yroT Ha rrpHroToB-
neHHe TeCTa. B rrponecce 8-tlacoBoro paCXOP;OBaHH1I rnTpyeMaJI KHCJ10THOCTh
3aKBaCKH MO>KeT YBeJIH'llIBJlThC1I Ha 2-4 rpag, <ITO HBI1JleTCfl .n;orrycTHMbIM.
OrrTHMaJIbH}'1O TeMIIeparypy KMK3 38-41°C B 6p01»UIbHOM 'laHe rro.n;-
p;ep>KHBaIOT rrocpe.n;CTBOM BO,D;JIHOH py6anncH.
B paCXOnHOM lIaHe BO,D;JIHaH py6amKa He Tpe6yeTCfl.
TIpH OAHOCMeHHOM pe>KMMe pa60Thl H rrepepbIBax B Bblpa60TKe xne6a
C Hcnonb30BaHHeM p>KaHoii M}'KH B OTp;e1Il>Hble AHH He.n;eJ1H KMK3 OCBe-
>KaIOT 'Iepe3 12'1 6po>KeHHH HJIH BCerQ 1 pa3 B CyrKH. TIpH 60nee .n;mnenbHblx
nepepbIBax 10 Kr crreJIoii KMK3 MO>KHO COXPaHHTb B xono.n;HJ1bHHKe npH
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rrpoH3Bo.n;cTBeHHoro nHKJIa.
TIpH Bna>KHocm KMK3 60% OCBe>KeHHe OCYIIleCTBJIHIOT B p;e>Kax rryreM
oT60pa 90% 3aKBaCKH C KHcnOTHOCTblO 20-24 rpap; AJlft 3aMeca HeCKonbKHX
rropnHii TeCTa H p;06mmeHHJI K oCTaBIlIeHcH Macce M}'KH H BOALI WUI BOC-
rrpoH3BOp;CTBa 3a1<BaCKH. KMK3 BJIa>KHOCTblO 60% B .n;e>KRX ueneC006pa3HO
rrpHMeHRTb HR He60JIbIllHX rrpep;npHJlTHHX, rp;e pa3MelIleHHe 6p O nH1ll>HbIX
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np083Bop;crBeHHLdt WiKJI
B npoH3Bo.n;crBeHHoM WiKne KMK3 MO>KHO rrpHroToBnSITb Bna>KHOCTblO
70:!:1 % B tJaH3X IUIH Bna>KHOCTblO 60:1:1 % B p;e>KRX, C06J1I01J;aH peuenrypy
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C KMK3 5-10% M)'KH OT 06mero K01IHtJeCTBa ee B TeCTe.
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C KMK3.
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PlIC. 7. AnrrapaTypHaJI CXCMa IIOPUllOHHOf'O IIpnrOTOBJ1eHIUI TeCTa Ha IWH-
!\CHTpnpOBaHHofi MOJlO'IHOKnCJlofi 3aKBaCKC BJla)I(HOCTb!O 70% 113 p)l(aHofi
II p)l(aHO-nrnClIlI'!Holl MyKlI
I - 6aQOK BO)'(oconenOWOTOBlITe1ThHbIH IU2-X.rUI; 2 - 3aBSpO'IHaJl Maum-
113 X3-2M-300; 3 - JJ;03aTOp cbmY'IlIX KCMnOHeUTOD IU2-XJJ;2-A;4- 'IaJI
gpon<)!(eBOH P3-X'l,[{ C MemBJIKOH 11 BOiJ,flHOH py6alIIKOH; 5 - Hacoc
XHJI-300: 6 - 'IaH pacxonIIbIH 1J)IJJ. KMI<3; 7 - n03aTop "'H,W<:UX I(OMnO-
lIeHTOB IU2-X)J,2-E; 8- TeCTOMeCH.iIbHaII M3lIIlIHa IU2-XT2-H; 9 - ne)!(a
TI-XT2)J,
B 3aBapolIHYIO Manllmy X3-2M-300, HCnOnh'3YCMYIO B KaqeCrne CMCCM-
TenJI, IDIM B CMeCIITcnh lJ,pyroii: MapKJI n03IIpYIOT BOll.)' C 3alJ,aHHOH TCMncpa-
TypOH JI MYKY PlIH npm'OTOBnCHIDI IIl!TaTeJ1hHOH CMCCJI 6C3 3aBapHBaHHH
MyKH. lIonyqcHHYlO OlJ,HOpOAHYIO Maccy HaCOCOM rrepCKalJHBaIOT B 'laH C
MCIll JIKOH H BO]J,JIHOH Py6allIKoH, rne HaXOlJ,l1TCH 10% 3a:KBaCKM npewicro
npHrOTOBncHIDI, H OCTaBnHlOT JJ)1H 3aKBanIlIBaIDm Ha 8-12 q, J],ance 90%
cncJ1oii: 3aKBaCKH C KHCJ10THOCTblO 18-20 rpalJ, nCpCKa'llrnalOT naCOCOM
B paCXOlJ,HbIH 'laH 6e3 BOMHOH py6alUKH, a K OCTaBIllCHCSI Maccc n06aB'
nHlOT 900f" IIl!TaTcnhHOH CMCCH Bna)I(HOCThlO 70% JJ)1H BocrrpoH3BoncTBa
KMK3.
113 pacxolJ,Horo qaHa KMK3 n03HpYlOT B TCCTOMCCIDIhHYlO MaIIlliHy
ncpHO)J,li'IccKoro nci1cTBIDI, HanpHMcp, rn2-XT2-11 IDIM lJ,pynlX MapoK,
lJ,06aBnHlOT MYKY H lJ,pyrHc BH.!U>I ChlphH no pCiicnTYpc H 3aMcnnmaJOT
TCCTO C nocnell.)'IOI.U;HM BhI6pa:>KHBaHHCM lJ,0 HaKOIUICHIDI Tpe6ycMoH KMCJ10T-
:>::
IE
o
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\0
o
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4 3aK. 1116
97
Hocm B 3aBllCllMOCTll OT BbIpa6aTbIBaeMQrO copTa XJIe6a. KOHe'lHM KHCJIOT-
HOCTh TeCTa nOJI)KHa COOTBeTCTBOBaTb Bepxncr..ty rrpeneJIY KllCJIOTHOCrn BbI-
pa6aTbIBaeMoro capTa XJI.e6a. llpiI rrcpepbIBax B pa60Te B TeqeHHe 12-24 'I
KMK3 He Tpe6yeT rrplmYAHTeJIbHOrO OXJIa)!(,!J;eHIDI, T. K. ll3-3a I!OBbIllieHHOU
KMCJIOTHOCTII ORa caMOKOHcepBlipyeTCH.
KO.JI1IqeCTBO 'laHOB )J)IH KMK3 orrpenemlIDT llCXOIJ,H ll3 CYTOlJHOU BbIpa-.
60TKll XJIC6a.ll npyrnx nOKa3aTeJIeU, He()6xoAIiMbIX l1lHf pacqeTa.
n p II M C p:
CYTotlHaH BbIpaOOTKa MeGa YKpal1HCKoro HOB oro - 10 TOHH
CpcAHI1f! rrnaHoBbIf! BbIXOI1 xJlcGa - 150%
Pacxol1 p)I(aHofi OGj1HpHotl IIIYKII Ha KMK3 - 10%
BJla)l(HOCTb KMK3 - 70%
JJ:0311pOBKa IIpCCCOBaHHbIX AP0)l()I(efi - 0,7%
Ea311CHa51 BJla)l(HOCTb MYI<lI - 14,5%
Pacxo,o; KMK3 Ha IIpllrOTOBJlCHHC TeCTa - 90%
Pacxo,o; KMK3 Ha B0306HOBJleHlIe KMK3 - 10%
npol10Jl)!(llTeJIbHOCTh GpO)l(eHHR KMK3 - 8 'IaCOB
CnocoG TeCTOBel1eHlIH - IIOPUHOHHblf! B 2 CTIlj1HlI (KMK3 - TeCTO)
PaCqeT
CyrO'1HbIU paCXOn MYKli (p)KaHOU II lIllleHH'lHOU) Ha rrpnrOTOBJIeHlle
10 T XJIe6a:
06Il\HH paCXOn KMK3 B CMeHY:
633,5 + 70,4 = 703,9 Kr.
Tpe6yeMM eMKOCTh qaHOB )]1m 6po)KeHIDI KMK3 B TeqeHlIe 8 'I C yqeroM
B03MO)KHOro yBeJIllqeHIDI ee 06'beMa B rrpou;ecce 6po)KeIf.Iffi B 1,5-2 pa3a:
703,9 . 1 = 1407,8 JI.
I1cxolJ,H ll3 paCqeTa fllIH 6po)KeHIDI KMK3 MO)KlIO llMeTb l.'MH eMKOCThIO
1400 JI, HaTIpnMep, P3-XQJ],-1400 llJlli 2 qaHa eMKOCTblO lIO 1000 JI, Harrpll-
Mep, P3-XQJ],-1000.
3.2. nPHrOTOBJ1EHHE TECTA H3 nIJIEHH1JHOA MYKH
35,08
Pacxon KMK3 Ha rrpllrOTOBJIeHlle TeCTa B CMeHY
KMK3) :
633,5 . 10
(10% OT 06m;eu MaCCbl
B HaCTOHIl(eU rnaBe rrpnBenelThI crroc06bI II arrrrapaTypHbIe CXeMbI rrpllro-
TOBJIeHIDI TeCTa ll3 IlllleHWIHOU MYKll orrapHbIM crroco60M, Ha f50JIbIllOU ryc-
TOU orrape, Ha )Kl[p;KOH orrape, 6e30rrapHbIM II YCKopeHHbIMM crroco6aMll.
KOHKpeTHbIH crroco6ll arrnapaTypHM cxeMa rrpnrOTOBJIeHIDI TeCTa BbI6n-
paroTCH B COOTBeTCTBIlli C lUIaHllpyeMbIM accopmMeHTOM rrpoA}'KUHH, 06'be-
MOM rrpoll3BOnCTBa, llMelOm;llMCH 06opynoBaHHeM, KJIllMamqeCKHMM ycno-
BllHMll if npyrllMM aKTOpaMll.
J],rrH MaCCOBbIX COpTOB xne6a ll3 IlllleHWlHO}l MyKll BropOro II rrepBoro
COproB Han60nee u;eneco06pa3HO rOTOBllTh TecTO Ha )KHp;KllX orrapax C llC-
rrOJIb30BaIrneM HerrpepbIBHbIX IDIll HerrpepbIBHo-rrepllO]J;!IqeCKllX arrrrapaTYP-
HbIX cxeM, a )]IUI MaCCOBbIX capTOB XJIe6a II 6yrrO'IHbIX ll3neJIHH ll3 M}'Kll
rrepBoro II BbICurero COpTOB - Ha 60JIhllIMX rycTblx, 06bl'IHbIX (50%) ena-
pax, a TaK)Ke 6e30rrapHbIM IDIll YCKopeHHbIMH crroco6aMll. TIpll 3TOM Henpe-
pblBHbIe aTIrrapaTypHbIe CXeMbI, B qaCTHOCTll C llCnOJIb30BaHlleM arperaToB
118-XT A/12 (6), peKoMeH;:J;yeTcH llCrrOJTh30BaTh rrpll pa60Te Ha BbICOKO-
MexaHH3llp<:maHHbIx JIllHHHX co CpaBHHTeJIbHO He60JIblilliM (1-5 COproB)
accoprnMeHToM nponYKU;1lli ll3 M)'Kll OnHoro COpTa.
He06xoAIiMO llMeTb B Bnny, qTO B perlloHax C )KapKllM KJIllMaroM
u;eJIeC006pa3HO llCnOJIb30BaTh )Kl[p;Klle o rrapbl , KOTopbIe JIerqe rro.!J,[lalOTcH
opra)KneHHIO, IDIll YCKopeHHbIe cnoc06bl, oco6eHHo C rrpllMeHeHlleM non.
KllCJIHIOIl\HX CpenCTB: )KH}J,KllX npo)K)Keu, MOJIOlJHOH CblBOpOTKli, Me30cpIDIb-
HbIX MOJIO'lHOKllCJIbIX 3aKBacoK, Ko eHTpllpoBaHHOU MOJIOlJHOKllCJIOM
3aKBaCKM. TIpllMeHeHlle nOp;KllCJIllTeJIeU CHll)KaeT BepoHTHocTb 3a60neBaHHH
XJIe6a KapTO eJIbHOM 60JIe3HblO B JIeTlrnH rrepllOn.
EOJIblillie rYCThIe II 06bI'lHbIe orrapbI, oco6eHHo C llCrrOJIb30BaHlleM lIe-
rrpepbIBHbIx annapaTypHbIX cxeM, arperaToB 118-XTA/12(6) II np., MO)IGIO
peKoMennOBaTb fllIH cpenneu rrOJIOCbI II ceBepHbLX perlioHoB CCCP.
TecTo fllIH Cn06HbIx II MeJ1KOlllT}"IHbIX li3neJInH ll3 My!<ll rrepBoro II
BbICIllero COpTOB MO)lQ{O roroBllTb JII06bIM ll3 rrepe'IliCJIeHHbIX crroco60B.
TIpll BbIpa60TKe lillipoKoro accopTllMeHTa ll3neJInH C 'laCThIMM rrepexOnaMll
10000 '100
= 6667 Kr.
150
CYTO'IHbIU pacxon M)'Kll, BHOCliMOM C KMK3 Ha rrpnrOTOBJIeHl!e TeCTa
(10%) :
6667' 10
= 666,7 Kr.
100
Pacxon M)'KH p)KaHOH, BHOCliMOU C KMK3 Ha npliroTOBJIeHne TeCTa B
cMeHY:
666,7 : 3 = 222,2 Kr.
COnep)KaHlle P)KJHOU MYKli rrpM BJIa)KHOcrn 14,5% B 100 Kr KMK3 Bna)K-
HOCTblO 70%: .
100 (100-70)
M3 = = 35,08 Kr.
100 - 14,5
Pacxo KMK3 Ha npnrOTOBJIeHMe TeCTa B cMeHY (90% OT 06Il(eH MaCChI
KMK3) :
222,2 '100
= 633,5 Kr.
90
= 70,4 Kr.
98
4*
99
Ii: copra ua copr ua1l60ncc l\cnCC006pa3uo llcnonb30BaTb YCKOPCHHbIC cnoco-
6blrccronpllrorOBnCHllR.
B rcx CJ1YtJaHX, KOr):J;a npCAIIonaraCrCH ycraHOBllTb )].BYXCMCHHbIll PC)KliM
pa6oTbI, nY'llllc opllCHrllpOBaTbCR Ha llcnonb30BaIDIC n1l60 )I(lIAKllX onap C nc-
pllO}J,l1lJCCKllM npllrorOBnCHllCM nony<pa6pHKaTOB, n1l60 YCKOPCHHbiX (6c-
30napHblX) cnoc060B rccronpllrorOBnCHllR.
TIpll KOMIIOHOBKC 060pYP;OBaUllR Hc06xociIMO 1136craTb MHOrOKpaTHoro
nCpCKa'lliBaHllR nony<pa6plli(arOB (OC06CHHO roToBoro Tccra) II TpaHClloprn-
poBaHIDI HX Ha 3Ha'nIrCnbHbIe paccrORHllR. Bccb KOMlUIeKC 060pyp;onaIDIR
or MaIIUIH JJ,J1R 3aMcca nony<pa6pllKaTOB P;O reCTop;enllTenfl p;On)l(CH MOHTll-
poBaTbCR KOMnaKrHO, C MaKCllMaJIbHblM Hcnonb30BaIDIeM B03MO)l(UOCTlI no-
p;aInI nony<p a . 6 pllKarOB "caMOTeKOM" nnu KOpOTKllMll TpaHcnoprepaMll.
,IJ,nR YCKOPCIDIH npOl\CCCOB TccronpllrorOBnCHllR, a TaK)I(C nOBbIlllCIDIR
IIl1ll\cBoii l\eHHOCrll rorOBoro XJ1e6a peKoMcH)JyercR llcnonb30BaHUC MOnOlJ-
HOll CbIBOpOTI<l1 B KOnlllJCCme 5 -20% K Macce MyKll B recre. BHcceIDIC MO-
nOlJHoii CbIBoporKll oCYll\CCrBnRcrCR B COOTBercrBllll C reXHOnOrlllJCCKllMl1
pCKOMeHJJ;al\IUlMll no npllMeHeIDIID MOnOlJHOll CbIBOpOTKll Ii CbIBoporOlJHbIX
KOHIJ;eHTparOB B XlIc60neKapHOll npOMbllWleHHOcrn (TIpnnO)l(CHlle 6).
PClIcnTypa II pmKHM npm:OTOBJlCHHH TeCTa onapHblM cnocoGoM
TaG JI II II a 44
HamvICHOBaIllle CblpMI, rronyq>a6pllKaToD II
nOKa3aTeneii rIp ou;ecca
Pacxog CblpbH II rrapaMeTpb!
npoue_ cca
onapa
TeCTO
MYKa nIllCHH'lHaJI XJlcGoncKapHaJI, Kr
JJ,pO>K)KI1 xneGoncKapHbIC IIpeCCOBaHIIbIe, Kr
CoJib nOBapcHHM IIHIUCBaJI, Kr
Boga, l{r
.D:onomUUCJ1bHOC CbIpbC, Kr
BJla>KHOCTb olIapbI, %
BJla>KHOCTb TCCTa, %, He GOJ1ee
TCMlIepaTypa IIaIJaJ1bHaJI, 0 C
npol10n)l(HTCJlbHOCTb 6po>KCHHJI, MHH
KlICJ10TIiOCTb KOHe'lHM ollapbl1l3 MYI{lj IIIlleHlI'I-
-{Oll, rpag;
BbICillero copTa
IICpBOrO CO pm
Broporo copm
KlICJIOTHOCTL KOHe'IHaH TeCTa, rpap;, HC OOnec
3.2.1. npHroToBnelrne reCTa onapHhIM cnoc060M
45 -55
110
no
20-30
55-45
PCIICIlTYpC
peIlcllType
IIO pactIeTY
no PCIICIITYPC
41-45
26-32
180-270
W xn * + (0,5-1,0)
27 -33
60-90
2,5 -3,5
3,0-4,0
4,0-5,0
KXJ1 ** + 0,5
* W XJI - Bna)l(HOCrb 113p;emIll. MCTop; onpcp;enemur Bna)KHOCrn no rOCT
21094-75.
** K XJ1 - KllCJ10THOCTb 113p;enuM. MeToP; onpCp;eneHllR KliCJIOTHOCTll no
rOCT 5670-51.
TIpHroToBneIDIe onapbl II TeCTa BCP;YT HenpepbIBHO llnll noplUIOHHO.
CynJ;Hocrb p;aHHoro cnoc06a 3aKnIOlJaCrc.IJ B nparOrOBneHJ.ill Tecra B )].Be
CTa}J,l111: onapa II TCCTO.
OImpy rorOBHr Bna)l(HOCrblD 41-45% 113 45-55% MyKll or 06ll\cro KO-
ll111leCTBa, npejJ;ua3HalJeHHOro JJ,J1R npllrorOBnCHllH reCTa, P;P0)l()KCll II BOp;bl.
KOnIl'lCCrBO MyKll B onape II Tccre MO)l(Cr 113MClUITbCH B 3aBllCllMOC11f
or XJIc60nCKapHbIX CBOllcrB MyKll II ycnoBllll pa60TbI npcp;IIpllRTllR. Bna)l(-
HOCTb onapbI 3aBllCllr or copra MYKll, ee XlIe60nCKapHbIX CBOHcrB II pel\crr-
rypbl1l3p;cnllH,
Tecro 3aMClllliBalOr 113 Bccro KOJIlltJccrBa onapbI C p;06aBneUllCM OCrailb-
Horo KonlltJeCTBa MyKH, conll II BOP;bI, a TlB("'2(C mi:tl'fo AO!1OJIIDIrcnbHoro
CbIpbR, npCP;YCMorpeHHoro pCl\enrypOH. rJapaMe'fJ'DI T&1WO>xtQJ:.III'tJeCKoro npo-
l\Ccca npHBcp;CHbI B Ta6n. 44.
nOpl\HOHHOe npuroToBneHHe onapbt II TeCTa
,IJ,nH npIIroTOBneHllR onapbl B p;e:»<y TCCTOMeCllJIbHOll MaIlliIHbl A2-XTE
II p;pyrnx MapoK lJepe3 p;03aropbl nepHOP;HlJCCKoro p;ellCTBllR I!I2-X.1J:2-E linll
p;pyrHMH P;03IIPYIDIlUfMll YCTpoHCrBaMll BHOCHr BOP;y, P;P0)l()KH II nepcMclllll-
BaIDT. 3areM 3aCbmaIDT M}'KY, npllMeHRR p;03aTopbl cbmyqnx KOMnOHCHrOB
I1i2-X.IJ:2-A II P;p. 3aMec np01l3BOJJ)Ir p;o nonytIeHllH XOpOlllO nepeMelllcHHoll
O)J;H0P0P;HOH MaCCbl, nocne lJero onapy OCTaBJIHIDT jJ,JUI 6p0)l(eHllR.
rOTOBHOCTb onapbI onpep;enHlOr no JJ;OCTlI)I(CID!1O KllCJ10THOCTll, npep;y-
cMoTpeHHoll TeXHOnOrIflJeCKHM pe oM, If no opraHOnenrIl'lCCKllM nOKa-
3aTenHM. K KOHIJ;y 6po)l(eHllR onapa }'BenHI1RBaCrCH B 06'beMC B 1,5-2 pa3a,
a 3aTeM HacTyrraer MOMeHr, Korp;a OHa HalJilHaeT onajIaTb. HalJaJIO ona.o:aHllR
C'lliraIOT OP;HllM H3 np1l3HaKOB rOTOBHOCTIf onapbl.
3aMec TeCTa npoH3BOJJ)IT nOpl\HOHHO B TeCTOMecnnbHblX ManmHax 11ma
A2-XTE II p;p. B p;c:»<y C Bbl6po)l(CHHOll onapoll BHOCRT OCTaBllI}'IOCH no pac-
lJeTY BO)Jy, conb H p;ononIDIrenbHoe cblpbe no pel\enType, nepcMelllliBalOT, a
100
101
3aTeM BHOCflT MyY<Y. 3aMec TeCTa npOll3BOAJIT Jl,O norryqeHlUI OJl,HOpoJl,HOH
MaCCbl, peKOMeH)JyeMafl npOJl,Orr:>KllTerrbHOCTb 3aMeca B yY<a3aJiHOH Maunme
COCTaBrrfleT 7-10 MllH. B 3aBllCHMOCTll OT pe enTypbI, xrre60neKapHbIx Jl,OC-
TOllHCTB MyY<H H Hcnorrb3yeMoro 06opYJl,OBaI-llUl npoJl,Orr:>KHTerrbHOcTb 3aMeca
MO:>KeT MeJUIThCfl.
3a 25-30 MHH Jl,O pa3Jl,errKH TeCTa :>KerraTerrbHO npoH3BeCTH 06MIUlKY B
TeqeHlIC 30-60 c. TecTo H3 M}'KH co cJIa60iI KJIeHKOBHHOH H M}'KH nliIeHHq-
HOM BTOporo copTa He 06MHHaIOT.
fOTOBHOCTh TeCTa onpeJl,eJIHIOT no Jl,OCTH:>KeHHIO KHCJIOrnOCrn, YCTaHOB-
JIeHHOM TeXHOrrOrllqeCKllM pe:>KHMOM, no YBerrllqeHHIO 06"beMa B 1,5-2 pa3a
H no OpraHOJIenrnqeCKHM nOKa3aTeJIflM. fOTOBoe TeCTO Jl,orr:>KHO 6bITh pM-
pbIXJ1eHHbIM, He rrIDIKHM Ha OIl\YIIb, 3JIaCrn'lHbIM.
npHrOTOBJIeHlle TeCTa Ha 6orrbluoM rYCTOH onape npoH3BoAJIT nOpD:llOHHO
IDIll HenpepbIBHo.
HenpepbIBHoe npnroToBrremw ouapbI II TeCTa ocyru;eCTBJIflI{)T B arperaTa.x
H8-XTA-6 ruIll H8-XTA-12, H8-XAf-6, MTHnTI-PMK-7, rrll-XAf-13, a TalOKe
B Jl,pyrHX arperaTax II Ha HeCTaHJl,apTll30BaHHoM o6opYAoBamlli HerrpepbIBHo-
ro Jl,eiicTBHfl. Eym<epHbIe arperaThI HaJI60rree errecoo6pa3Ho llcrrorrb30BaTb
B penIoHax C YMepeHHbIM WIll XOrroJl,HbIM KrrllMaTOM.
ArrnapaTypHM cxeMa HerrpepbIBHoro rrpmOTOBJIeHlliI TeCTa na 6oJIbiliOM
rYCTOH orrape B 6ym<epHOM arperaTe H8-XTA-12 rrpllBeJl,eHa Ha pHC. 8.
Pel.\CnTypa II pC1KHM npllrOTOBJIeHIUI TeCTa
Ha GOJlb1I10H rYCTOH onape
TaG JI II II a 45
3.2.2. npHl'OTOBrreHHe TeCTa Ha 60m,lIIoH rYCTOH onape
Oco6eHHocrn npmOTOBJIeHlUl TeCTa Ha 60rrbIlIOH rYCTOM orrape 3aKJIIO-
qaroTCfl B CJIe)JyIOIl\eM:
onapy rOTOBflT Brra)f(}{OCTbIO 41-45% H3 60-70% OT o6Il\ero KOrrlIqeCTBa
M}'KH, pacxo)JyeMoH Ha npmOTOBJIeHlIe TeCTa;
TecTO nplI 3aMece nOJl,BepraIOT Jl,OnorrHlITeJIbHOM MexailliqeCKOM o6pa-
6oTKe;
rrpOJl,orr:>KllTeJIbHOCTh 6pO:>KeHHH TeCTa COKpaIl\aIOT Jl,O 20-40 MUH.
napaMeTpbI TeXHOJIOrlIqeCKoro npo ecca rrpllBeJl,eHbI B Ta6rr. 45.
HalIMeHOBaHlIe CbIpMI, rrony.pa6pllKaToB H
rrmca3aTeneif rrp OIwcca
PIlC. 8. AnnapaTypHaH CXCMa HerrpepbIBHoro IIpllrOTOBJlCHHH TeCTa 113 IIIllCHWlHOfi
MYKII Ha GOJIbIllOt! IyCTofi ollape
1 - MaUilm8 TCCT9MCCHJJbHaJI 118-XT A-I 2/1; 2 - P;03UpOBO'IH!UI CTaHlUIJI
1II2-X):\M; 3 - .6YH1cep nnJI 6p01KeHlIJI orrapbI 118-XTA-12/2; 4 - P;03HPOBO'l-
H!UI CT8H!:(lliI 1II2-X.IJ:M; .5 - TCCTOp;C1IHTCnbH!UI MaIIIllHa; 6 - HarHCTaTcnb
TCCTa 118-XTA-12/S; 7 - p;o3aTop orrapbI 118-XTA-12/4; 8 - H8rHeT8Tcnb orrapbI
118-XT A-12/3
ArperaT COCTOlIT ll3 Jl,Byx TeCTOMeCID1bHbIX Maunm, Jl,03HpyroIl\HX YCT-
pOMCTB )JlIfl :>KHJl.KHX II CbIIl}''1lIX KOMIlOHeHTOB II IllecrnceKWIoHHOro 6YI-II<:epa
1JlIfl 6po:>KeHlliI onapbI.
Onapy 3aMeIlIlIBaIOT B TeCTOMeClillbHOH MaIlIlIHe TIDIa H8-XTA-12jl H
HarHeTaTerreM OnapbI H8-XT A-12j3 nOJl,aIOT B OJl,HY H3 ceKu;Hii IlieCTlICeKI.UI-
OHHoro 6ym<epa 1JlIH 6pO:>KeHlliI onapbI (B arperaTax H8-XAf -6, MTl1I1n-
PMK-7 H rrll-XAf-13 onapa nOJl,aeTCH B 6ym<ep CH1I3Y, a B arperaTaX H8-
XTA-6 H H8-XTA-12 - cBepxy).
B MOMeHT, KOrJl,a Ha'lHHaeTCH 3arpY3Ka nOC.''IeJl,HeM ceKIUIlI, nepBafl nona-
Jl,aeT noJl, pa3rpY3KY. nepHOJl, 3arpY3KH Bcex ceKlUlli 6ym<epa paBeH npoJl,orr-
:>KHTerrLHOcrn 6po:>KeHWI onapbI B COOTBeTCTBHlI C YCTaHOBrreHHbIM TeXHOJIO-
rH'leCKlIM pe:>KHMOM.
Pacxop; CbIpbH H rrapaMeTpbI
rrpOl.\ecca
60IIhWa.R TeCTO
orrap8
MYKa XJlcGolIcKapHaJI IIIllClIlI'lIIM, Kf'
JJ,pO)l()I(lI XIIcGoneKapHbIe npeCCOBaHHbIC, Kf'
CoJib IIOBapeHHlIH IIlIIUCBa5l, Kf'
Bona, Kr
JJ:onOJIHytTeJIbHOC CbIpbC, Kf'
Ollapa
BJiamHocTb orrapbI, %
BJlmKIIOCTb TeCTa, %, HC GOJlCC
TeMIIcpaTypa lIa'laJILllaJI, 0 C
npOAOJl; <UTeJIbHOCTb 3aMeca IIpll HClIHTeHClIBHOM
nopIlllOHHOM 3aMece, MlIH
npoJJ.omKlITeJlbHOCTb GpQ)KCHlIH, MHH
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJI OlIapbI II3 MYKII IIlI1eHlI'I-
Hofi,rpan:
BbIClI1CrO coPTa
IICpBOrO copTa
BToporo COpTa
KlIcnOTIIOCTb KOHe'IHaJI TCCTa, rpaJJ., He GOJlCC
102
60-70 40-30
IIO pCIIcn Type
no pCueITTYpe
30-39 no paC'IeTY
no pCIIelITYPC
Bee KOJlII'IeCTBO
41-45
23-27
8-15
W XJI + (0,5-1,0)
28-33
15-25
180-270
20-40
2,5-3,5
3,0-4,0
4,0-5,0
K XJI + 0,5
4
r
103
rOTOBHOCTb OnapDI OnpeAeJHiIOT no KHCJIOTHOCm, YCTaHOBrreIDlOH
TeXHOrrOrH'IeCKHM pe)I(HMOM, no YBerrHqemuo 06l>eMa B 1,5-2 pa3a H no op-
raHOJIenTH'IeCKHM nOKa3aTerrHM. Pa3rpY3KY rOToBoH onapDI ocy eCTBrrHIOT
qepe3 oTBepcme B AHrn:u;e 6YHKepa Hp;o3aTOPQM MapKH H8-XTA-12j4 nOAaIOT
B recToMeclDlbHyro Mau.urny.
TecTo 3aMennmaIOT H3 onapbI, BOP;bI, M}'KH H Bcex KOMJIOHeHTOB, npep;y-
cMoTpeHHbIx pe:u;enTypoH, B TeqeHHe 8 -12 MIDI B MannnIe HenpepbIBHoro
p;ellcTBilH H8-XTA-12jl H p;p. HameTaTeJIeM TeCTa MapKH H8-XTA-12j5 TecTO
HanpaBrrHIOT B BOpOHKy TeCTOAerrHTerrH IIJIH KOpbITO AJU! 6pO)!(eHillI TeCTa
H8-XTA-12j6.
.IT,rrH nOMCp)!(aHllii YCTaHOBrreHHoro TeXHOrrOrH'IeCKOH HHCTp}'K:U;HeH
TeMJIepaTypHoro pe)!(JlMa TeCTOnpHrOTOBrreHHH MecIDlbHyIO Maunmy AJIH
TeCTa :u;errecoo6pa3HO pa3MeI:u;aTb HenOCpeACTBeHHO Ha)]; BOpOHKOH TecTO-
)];errHTerrH IDlH KOpbITOM 6pO)!(eHIDI, 'ITO HCKJ1IOqaeT nOTpe6HOCTh B urneKe
H Tpy60npoBoAe AJIH TpaHcnopmpOBaHillI OrrapbI.
TIpH npHrOTOBrreHHH onapbI B arperaTax H8-XTA-6 lDIH H8-XTA-12,
H8-XAr -6, MTHnTI-PMK-7 B npo:u;ecce 6po)!(eHIDI B 6YHKepe, a TaK)!(e
npH TpaHcnopmpoBamrn: no Tpy60npoBOAaM TeMnepaTypa onapbI nOBbIIlIaeT-
CH Ha 5-7°C.
B CBH3H C 3TIIM :u;erreCO06pa3HO MOHTHpoBaTb YCTaHOBKH AJIH oxrra)!(}J;e-
HID!: BOADI H )!(H)J,I<HX KOMnoHeHTOB YB-I0 IDlH MaurnHbI MKT-14, MKT-20 H
Ap., qT06bI HaqarrbHaJI TeMnepaTypa onapbI nocrre 3aMeca He npeBbIwarra
23-27°C (Ta5rr.46).
TIpoiJO./lJ/CeIJue mfi1. 46
TeMnc- TeMrrepaTypa BOghI TJlIH 3aMcca orrapbI, rrpH ee HaqanbHOH TeMnepaType
paTypoa 18 19 20 2 21 23 I 24
MYKH, C
EMI<OCTb 6YHKepa 12-13 M'
16 18 20 22 24 26 29 30
18 15 18 20 22 24 26 28
20 13 15 17 20 22 24 26
22 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
24 8 11 13 15 17 19 21
26 6 8 10 12 14 17 19
28 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
30 1 4 6 8 10 12 14
n p II Me 11 a H II e. npllBel1eHHbIC TeMnepaTypHbIe pe)l(llMbl HBJlHIOTC5I OpllI<HTHpoBO'l-
HbIMlI II MorYT I<OppeKTlipoBaTbCH B 3aBlICIIMOCTli OT' npo1l3BonCTBeHHbIX YCJIOBHfi.
3.2.3. npHrOl'OBrreHHe TeCTa na )!(H)J,KO:U: onape
TCMIIC-
paTypa
MYKH, 0 C
TeMrrcpaTypa BO}J;b! TJlIR 3aMcca orrapbI, I1pH CC HaqarrbHOH TCMrrcpaTYPc
24
CYWHOCTb MeTOp,a 3aKrrIOqaeTCH B npHrOTOBrremrn: TeCTa Ha )!Gi)J;KOH
onape Brra)!(HOCTbIO 68-72%, npH KOTOpoH npou;ecc 6po)!(eHIDI H co3peBa-
HID!: H)];eT 60rree HHTeHC1I.BHO He)!(errH B rycTbIX onapax.
TIpo:u;ecc C03peBaHID!: TeCTa YCKopHeTCH npHMeHeHHeM YCIDleHHOH Mexa-
HHqeCKOll o6pa60TKH npH ero 3aMece. .IT,rrHTerrbHOCTb 6po)!(eHllii TeCTa COKpa-
/ I:u;aeTCH )];0 30-60 MIDI.
}lfu)J;KYIO onapy rOTOBHT H3 25-35% M}'KH OT o6r:u;ero KOrrHqeCTBa,
pacxop;yeMoro Ha npHroToBrreHHe xrre6a, Apo)!()KeH (npeccoBaHHDIx, )KM,lJ;-
KHX IDlH HX cMecH) H BOADI B KOrrH'leCTBe, o6eCne'llmaIOI:u;eM 3aAaHH)'IO
Brra)!(JIOCTb onapbI.
3aMec TeCTa npoH3BOAHT H3 onapbI C Ao6aBrreHHeM M}'KH, BOAbI, correBO-
ro paCTBopa H AOIIorrHHTerrbHoro CbIpbH, npeAYCMOTpeHHoro pc:u;cnTypoH.
3aMec TeCTa peKOMeHp;yeTCH npoBOAHTh B MaJlIllHax H8-XTA-12jl,I1I2-XT2-H
IDlH A2-XTE, Tl-XT-2A H p;pymx C YCIDleHHoll MexaHH'leCKOH 06pa60TKoH
TecToBoH MaCCbI.
OAI-lliM H3 :pa)!(HbIX iPaKTOpOB, onpe)];errHIOUJ;nx npo:u;eccbI c03peBamm
onapbI H TeCTa, HBrrHeTCH TeMncpaTypHbrn: pe)!(HM, HaqarrbHaH TCMIIepaTypa
OH onapbI H TeCTa He AOIT>I<Ha npeBbIIlIaTh 30°C.
B KOMIDIeKTe 060pY)];OBaHIDI AJIH npHrOTOBrreHID!: )!(lIA!WH onapbI peIm-
MeHAyeTcH HCnOJIb30BaTh CTaHJJ;apTl13HpoBaHHbIC eMKocm, OCHaIl(eHHbIe BO-
)];HHbIMH py6aIlil<:aMH AJIH oxna)!(}J;eHIDI onap!>I B IO)!(HhIX paiioHax cTpaHbI.
B )!(apKOe BpeMa ro)];a H AJIH ee nO)];OrpeBa B ceBepHbIx paHoHax B XorrOAHoe
BpCMH ro)];a. ,IJ,rrH oxrra)!(}J;eHHH.BOADI :u;erreCO06pa3HO npep;ycMoTpeTI, BOAOOX-
rra)!(}J;arounre YCTaHoBKH YB-I0, XOrrOAIDIbHbIe BOAooxrra)!()];aIOIl(He MaIlIIDIbI
MKT-14, MKT-20 H gp.
Ta6J1l1ua 46
OnpCACJlCHHC '!'pe5ycMOH TCMIIepaTypbI BOAb! TJlIH 3aMeca onapb!
B 6YHKCPHbIX arpcraTax B 3aBlICHMOCTlI OT TCMIICpaTypb! MYKII
18
EMKOCTb 6YHKepa 6-7 M'
16 21 23 25 28 30 32 34
18 18 20 23 25 27 30 32
20 16 18 20 22 25 27 29
22 13 15 18 20 22 25 27
24 11 13 15 17 20 22 24
26 8 10 13 15 17 20 23
28 6 6 10 12 15 17 19
30 3 5 7 10 12 14 16
104
105
C u;enbIO CH1{)KeHlHl BR3KOCTlI onap, YMeHbllleHIUI neHoo6pa30Bamm 11
npe)J;ynpe)l()J;eHIUI 1i3mUllHero HapaCTaHlIJI KlicrrOTHOCTIi B HIIX MO)l<HO )J;06aB-
rrRTb nOBapeHHYIO conb. 3TO, B 'laCTHOCTII, lJ,crreC006pa3HO )J;erraTb B pauoH<J,x
C )l(apKIIM KnIIMaTOM, ccrrH B npolJ,eccc npn:roTOBJIemm nonYcPa6pHKaTOB OT-
CYTCTByeT B03MO)j(JIOCTb peryrrHpoB:ulI1R IIX TeMnepaTypbI, a TaK)I(e npM nepe-
pa60TKe MYK" co crra60H KJ1eUKOBHIIOH, C ilOBbIlIlCHJIOH aKTIiBHOCTbIO <pcp-
MeHTOB yrncBo)J;Ho-aMlilla3Eoro II 6errKOBO-npoTCHH<'3Horo KOMnJIeKCOB.
KOnWICCTBO nOBapeHHoll conli paCC'IIITbIBaIOT nponOplJ,lIoHaJlbHO Macce
MYK", nocTynalOIlJ,eH Ha npnroTOBneHHe nony<papplIKaTOB ()KHAKHe )J;PO)l(-
)l(1I, onapa, TeCTO), HO He 60nee 50% OT 06IlJ,cro KOnlI'IeCTBa conH no pe-
lJ,enType.
TeXHOnOrlI'leCKlie napaMeTpbI npolJ,ecca npHI'OTOBneHIUI TeCTa nplille)J;C-
HbI B Ta6n. 47.
HBHMeHOBaHHe ChIphH, nony-
q,a6pllKaToB H nOKB38TCnCn
npo ccca
TeMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHaR, 0 C
np0l10Jl)l(lfTeJlbHOCTh 6pa)l(eHlIH
nonyq,a6pUKaTOB 113 MYKlI,
MlIH "* :
PCltCnTypa H PC)I(I1M npHrOTOBJlCHHH TCCTa lIa llillAKOii ollape
TaG JI II II a 47
IIepDoro COpTa
BTOparo COpTa
¥JlCJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaJI onapbl
113 MYI<lI IIlI1CHlI'IIlOfI, rpan:
nepBoro copTa
BTOporo copTa
KnCJlOTHOCTh KOHe'IHaJI TCCTa
113 MYKII IIlI1CIIII'lHOi:\, rpan,
He GOJlee
H3I-IMe1l0BailHe"Cblpbfl, nony-
q,a6pllKaTOB II nOKa3aTcrrCH
npo ecca
MYKa nWClIlI'II!8H xneGoncKap-
HaH, Kf'
JJ,pO)l()I(lf XJJc60IICKapHbIC, Kr
npeCCODaHHbIC
)l(lIl1KlIe AJlH OlIapbI 113
MYKYI*:
IIepDoro COPTa, Kf'
BTOpOro COPTa, Kr
Conb nOBapeHHaR nllWCBM, I<r
BoJJ;a AJlH nOJlyq,a6pllI<aTOB
113 MYKII, Kf':
IIepBOrO COpTa
BTOporo capTa
LlOIIOJlHlITCJlbHOe CbIploC, Kr
Ollapa, Kr
Bna)l(lfocTh OlIapbI, %
BJla)l(lfOCTb TeCTa, %, He GoJlee
106
PaCK 0" CbIp b>I H nap 8MC'l'pbl npo IIccca np"
Hcnonb30DaHIIII p;po>lOKcii
npCCCOB8HHbIX
CMCCII npCCCOB8HHbIX II
)f(H,!I,KHX
)I<IIAKaH r
onapa
)J(H.IJ.I{ 3H
onapa
TeCTO
TeCTO
Ilpooo/lJICeflue mfhl 47
PaCXOA ChIphH H nap8MeTpbI npo ecca np"
HCnOnb30BaHlIlI AP0)IOKeii
npCCCOBaIffihIX
CMeCli npCCCOBaHHbIX H
)Kl!)J;K lIX
)KlIAI< an
onapa
TCCTO
)KlIAI< 8JI
ollapa
TeCTO
28-30
28-30
28-30
28-30
240-260 40 -60 200-220 40 -60
230-250 40-60 200-220 30-40
5,0-6,0 5,5-6,5
6,0-7,0 6,5 -8,0
KXJI + 0,5 K I + 1,0
25 -35
72-65
*PacxoA llillj1KlIX npo)!()I(ct! IIpUBenCH npll nOn:bCMHOH ClL'IC 20-25 MlIH.
** npl! OTCYTCTDlIlI nOIIOJ1I1I1TCJlbHOll MCXaHlI'ICCKOH oGpaGoTKH npoI10Jl)I(HTCJlb-
HOCTb GpOllieHlIH TeCTa YBCJ1l1'IlIBaCTCH.
75 -65
25 -35
no peIlcnTYpc
TIpnroTOBneHlIe onapbI II TeCTa MO)l(eT 6bITb oC)'IlJ,eCTBneHO KaK Henpe-
pLIBHO, raK II nOplJ,HOHHO. B CB1l3H C 3THM HIDKe nplille)J;eHbI pa.3nH'lHb!C Ba-
pl1aHTbI KOMilOHOBKII o60PY)J;oBaHIuI B annapaTypHbIX cxeMax.
10-15
15 - 20
IIO peIlclI-
TYpC
no pCIIen-
Type
HenpepbIBHoe npHrOTOBneHlIe )l(HJJ;Koii onapbI II TeCTa
AnnaparypHaR CXCMa HenpepbIBHoro npHrOTOBneHHR WI,D,Koi:i onapbI
H TeCTa npC)J;CTIlBneHa lfa pliC. 9.
.D.nR 3aMelllllBaHlUl )l(H)J;KOH onapbI B Ka'leCTBe CMeCIiTenR lICTIOnb3YlOT
3aBapo'1HYIO MauJlIHY X3-2M-300 1I )J;p. B MaIIDIHY 'lepe3 )J;03aTop I!I2-X)12-E
IillH )J;p. llOiJ,aIOT BOpY, )J;po)j()I(eBYW cycneH3lliO H1IH )!{fI,1:U<HC )J;PO)!OKH II
nepeMeIIDIBaIOT, a 3aTeM 'lepe3 )J;03aTOp 1II2-X)12-A HJIH )J;p. )J;03IIpYIOT MYKY
II 3aMelllllBalOT )!(fIJJ.KYIO onapy.
Epo)l(eHlIe )!(fIJJ.Koii: Ouapb! oCYIlJ,eCTBnHIOT HenpepbIBHo B 'IaHaX P3-
Xq.u HJIll )J;p. nocrre)J;OBaTerrbHO COe)J;HHeHHhIX Me)!()J;y co60H naTpy6KaMH,
pacnOnO)l(eHHbIMH Ha BbICOTe 2/3 Bb!COTbI 'laHa. KoJIH'lcCTBO eMKOCTeii:
onpe)J;errRIOT IICXOJJ)l H3 npoII3BO)J;HrenbHOCTH ne'lH H npo)J;on)lGfTerrbHOCTH
6po)l(eHIUl onapbI. B npolJ,ecce 6po)l(eHIUI )!(fIJJ.KaJI onapa nepemmaeTcH 1I3 O)J;-
Horo 'laHa B )J;Pyroii: 3a C'leT YMeHbweHlUl lUlOTHOCTH. 113 nOcrre)J;lIero 'laHa
BbI6po)l(eHHYlO onapy )J;03aTopOM Ouapb! nO)J;aIOT Ha 3aMec TeCTa.
35 -55
35-55
25 -40
20-35
IIO paC'ICTY
IIO paC'IeTY
IIO pCIIcn-
Type
Bee KomI-
'IeCTBO
IIO paC'ICTY
no paC'IeTY
IIO peLlen-
Type
Bee I<OJlll-
'leCTBO
68-72
68-72
W xn +
(0.5-1,0)
W xn +
(0.5 - 1,0)
107
I
3
0>
Ii
PIle. 9. AnnapaTYPHM exeMa HcrrpepbffiHoro rrpnroToB-
nCHJUI )I(lfj1Koi!: olIapbI II TeCTa 113 IIlI1eHH'iHoii MYKII
1 - ,T:\038TOp AClI}J;I<HX KOMnOHeHTOB I1I2-x;::J:2-E; 2'--1J,o-
38TOp CbInytrnX KOMnOHCHTOB I1I2-X.IJ;2-A; 3- 38BapOq-
HaH M8illHHa X3-2M-300; 4- qau lII!nOpHbIH; 5 - '!8H
j1p0>l0Ke:80H P3-XlJ,IJ;; 6 - 1J,03aTOp onapbI I18-XTA-
12/4; 7 - 1J,03iIpOBO'IHaJI CTaHIJ,IDI I1I2-X.IJ;M;
8 - KOpbITO 6PO)KCHIDI TCCTa 118-XTA-12/6; 9 - Ma-
llIHH8 TCCTOMCCHJIbHaJI I18-XTA-12/1; 10 - H8rHeTa-
TCm. onapbI M8-XTA-12/3
PHC. 10. AnliapaTypHmI CXCMa IIOPUHoHHoro npllro-
TOBJICHlIH )KIIp;KOH Ollapbl H HClIpepbffiHoro IIpllrOTOB'
nCIIlIH TeCTa 113 mneHlI'IllOfi MYKII
1 - p;03aTop >KH,IIKHX KOMllOliCHTOB 1II2-X.IJ;2-E; 2- 3a-
BapO'lHaH MalIlHHa X3-2M-300; 3 - 1J,03aTop CblIIyqHX
KOMlloaeHTOB 1II2-XL{2-A; 4- 'Iat! j1pO)K)KCBOH P3-XQ.IJ;;
5 - 6aQOK llpOMC>KYTO'IHbIH; 6 - A03aTOp ollapbl 118-
XTA-12/4; 7 - MaIUlIHa TeCTOMCCHJJbHaJI 118-XTA-12/1;
8 - KOpblTO p:JJ1I 6po:.KeHllJI 118-XTA.12/6; 9 - P;03H-
pOBO'IHaJI CTaHUHJI lIJ2-X.IJ;M; 10 - lIanlCTaTe1Ib
ollapbI118-XTA-12/3
B TeCTOMeCID1bH)'ID MallllIHY 118-XTA-12jl ID1H np. HerrpepblBHO n03H-
PYIDT onapy H npyrHe KOMnOHeHTbl, npenycMoTpeHHbIe peI enTypoH, H
3aMeIIIHBaIOT TecTO. 3aMeIlleHHoe TecTO Bbrrp}')KaIDT B KOpbITO )J)IH 6poJKe-
HHH 118-XT A-12j6 IDIH npyrHe eMKOCTH, rne OHO 6POnHT 30-60 MIDi. .D:anee
TeCTO nocrynaeT Ha pa3nenKY.
nOp OHHoe npHI'OTOBJleHHe »lli}J;KOH ORapbI
H HenpepblBHoe llpHrOTOBJleHHe TeCTa
3aMec JKH)J;KOH onapbI npoH3BO]J;JIT nop HOHHO B MaIlllUie X3-2M-
300 ID1H Ap., a 6po)KeHHe ee oC)'lL\ecTBJIHIOT noplUIOHHo B qaHaX P3-
XqIl IDIf! npymx eMKOCTHX.
nepHOIJ; 3arpY3Kll Bcex eMKOCTeH paBeH nponomKHTeJIbHOCTH 6po-
)!(eHwr onapbI. tfficno nopIUill )I(lip,KOH onapbI B O]J;HOH eMKocTH, a
TaK)!(e KOJIllqeCTBO eMKocTeH )JlIH ee 6PO)KeiIHH, pllTM 3arpy:n<H Ii
pa3rpY3KH YCTamumllBaIOT HCXO]J;JI H3 npoll3BO.o;IITenbHOCTli xne60-
neKapHbIx neqeH, rpaiPHKa llX pa60TbI II BbIpa6aTblBaeMoro aCCopTH-
MeHTa 113nenIiH.
fOTOBYIO onapy 113 eMKOCTeH )J)IH 6pO)!(eHHH nepeKa'lllBaIOT B npo-
Me)!(YTO'lHbIH 6aqOK, OTKyna OHa qepe3 n03aTOp onapbI nocTynaeT B
TeCTOMeClmbHYIO MaIIDIHY.
ArmapaTypHaH cxeMa nopIUfOHHOro npHrOTOBneHWI )I(I{)J;KOH onapbI H
HenpepbIBHOro npHrOTOBneHHH TeCTa npenCTaJmeHa Ha pHC. 10.
108
109
nOpWIOHHoe npm-OTOBneIDle >KHA1<OH OnaphI H TeCTa
3.2.4. npnroTonneHHe TeCTa 6e30napHbIM cnooo60M
Ee30napHbIii cnoco6 rrpm-OTOBJIemUI TeCTa peKOMelI,llj'eTCH nplIMeHHTb
npn Bblpa60TKe 6ynO'llibIX H CP;06HbIX H3p;emm. 1I3 IIlneHWlHOH MYKH BbIClIle-
TO H nepBoro COpTOB.
Cyrn:HOCTb p;aHHoro cnoco6a 3aKJ1lO,<aeTCH B npnrOTOBnemlli TeCTa B O.o;Hy
CTap;lIIO H3 Bcero KOnlI'leCTBa MYKH 1I CblphH no pe emype (Ta6n. 48).
llplirOTOBnCF..He TeCTa 6e30IIapHbIM cnoco60M )J}HI 6YJIO'lHbIX H CP;06HbIX
H3p;enHH IIpoH3BO}J.HT KaK HenpepbffiHo, TaK 1I noplUioHHo. HeIIpepbIBHblii
cIIoco6 peKoMeH}J;yeTcH JJl!H Bblpa60TKH 6YJIO'lHbIX H3J],emili, nop lIoHHblii -
JJl!H Bblpa60TKH 6ynO'lHbIX H CP;06HbIX H3p;enIili.
TeCTO 3aMelIllmaroT B Ma.uJIlHe HenpepbIBHoro geHCTBHH M8-
XTA-12jl n p;p., B KOTOpylO p;o3IIpyrOT )KII)J,KYIO onapy 11 gpyroe cBphe,
IIpep;ycMoTpeHI-IOe peu;enTypOH. 3aMelIleHHoe TecTO nOp;aHJT B KOpbITO
JJ}U! 6po)!(emrn M8-XTA-12j6 H p;p., rJ],e OHO 6PO)J;IIT 30-60 MlIH. fOTOBoe
Te'CTO nocI)'IIaeT Ha pa3p;enKY.
Annapa1)'pHa cxeMa nopIUiOIlHoro npliroTOBJIeHlIH )!(ll,IJ;KOH onapM H
TeCTa npep;CnmJIeHa Ha pliC. 11.
l' a 6 JI II U a 48
Pe enTypa II peJKlIM npllrOTOBJlClIlI!I TeCTa 6e30napHbIM cnoco60M
HallMelloi3aHHe ChIphH, nony.pa6pllKaToB H
nOKa3aTencH npo ccca
Pacxog CbIphH 11 napaMcTpbI
npo ccca
MYKa TIIlleHII'lHaH xne60ncl':apHaH, Kr
):q10JK)I(lI XJlcGoneKapHbIe npeccoBaHHbIe, Kr
-CoJIb IIOBapeHHaH IIlIll(eBaH, Kr
BOAa, Kr
)J:olIonHlITeJJbHoe CbIpbC, Kr
BJla>KHoCTh, %, HC 60nce
TCMlIcpaTypa Ha'laJIhHaH, 0 C
npOl1on)!(llTeJJbHOCTh 6PO)I(CHUH, MlIH
KHCJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM, rpag
100
IIO pcuenTYpc
no pcuelITYpc
no paC'IeTY
IIO pcuenTYPc
W xn + (0,5-.1,0)
28-32
120-240
Kxn + 0,5
HenpepbffiHoe npnrOTOBJIeHMe TeCTa
HenpepbIBHoe rrplll'OTOBJIeHIIe TeCTa H3 IIlIIeHI'I'llioii M}'K1I 6e30napHblM
cnoco60M oCYill,eCTBJIHIOT B COOTBeTCTBHH c annapaTYPHOH cxeMoii, npP.Be-
p;eHHoii Ha pliC. 12. CxeMa BKJIIOQaeT p;o3aTOp JJl!H >KHp;KHX KOMnOHeHTOB
1II2-:x,aM, p;03HpYIOII ee YCTpoiicTBO JJ)UI.CbI II}"llIX KOMnOHeHTOB, TeCTO-
MeClIJIbHYIO MaIIIlIHY HenpepbIBHoro p;eHCTBHH 112-XTA-12jl H gp. 1I 6YHKep
JJ)IH 6pO)!(eHlIH TeCTa M8-XTA-12j2, M8-XTA-6j2 H P;p.
PIlc. 11. AnnapaTYPHa51 CXCMa nopUlloHHoro IIpllroToBnCIIlI!I )!(l!}J;Koi!: onapbI II TCCTa
113 nillCHlI'IHoi!: MYKII
1 _ IJ;03aTOp )l(HgKHX KOMnOHClITOB II12-X,n2-E; 2-3aBapO'lHan MarnHHa X3-2M-300;
3 - g03arop CbmY'lHX KOMnOHClITOB II12-X,n2-A; 4 HarlieTaTC1Ih onaphl M8-XTA-12/3;
5 - qaH P3-XtJ,D:; 6 - 6a'lOK npOMCJKYTo'IHbm; 7 - A03aTOp onaphl H8-XYA-12/4;
8 _ TecTOMCCUJIhHIUI M8IIIHHa II12-XT2-H; 9- KOHBCHCp gruI 6PO>KCHHJI TCCTa II12-XEE
5
TIplll'OTOBneHHe orrapbI npo1I3BO}J.HT no cnoco6y, OIllicaHHOMY BbIlIle
(CM. pHC. 10), a 3aMec TeCTa nopIUiOHHO B TeCTOMeClIJIbHbIX MaIllliHax HHTeH-
CHBHoro p;eiiCTBIDI 1II2-XT2.11 ID1H B M1llinmax A2-XTE H p;p. TIpop;OJI>KHTenb-
HOCTb 3aMeca 3aBlICHT OT MapKH TeCTOMeCID1bHOii MallIlIHbI, OT pe enTypbI,
KaQeCTBa nepepa6aTbIBaeMOii M}'KH H COCTaBnHeT 2,5-4 MlIH Ha MalillIHax HH-
TeHCP.BHoro p;eHcTBlIH I1I2-XT2-11 H 10-15 MlIH Ha Malillmax A2-XTE 1I p;p.
Epo)KeIDIe TeCTa OCYIIteCTBnHIOT B KOHBeiiepe J])1H 6po)!(eHHH TeCTa I!I2.
XEE, B p;e)Kax Konb eBoro KOHBeiiepa I1l2-XEB II p;pyrliX eMKOCTHX B Te'Ie-
IDle 30-60 MlIH. fOTOBoe reCTO HanpannHIOT Ha pa3p;enKY.
PIlC. 12. Annapa'I'YpHa5I cxeMa npllroToBnCHH5I TeCTa 113 mueHll'IHofi
MYKII 6e30napHbIM cnoco60M
1 - g03HpoBo'IHan CTaHIUUI II12-X,nM; 2 - TCCTOMCCII1IhH8H Ma-
WHHa H8-XTA-12/1; 3 - lIarneTaTeJIb TeCTa I18-XTA-12/5; 4 - 6yHKCp
wm6po>KeHllil TCCTa I18-XTA-12/2; 5 - TecrogeJIHT'enb
110
111
3aMernaHIme TeCTO 113 TeCTOMeCIDIbHOH MaIllliHbI HaTHeTaTeJIeM TeCTa
MapKll 118-XTA-12/5 Harrp:rnJUnOT B 6ymcep)J)1R 6p(»KeHIDI. 3arpy:m:y eeK-
IUili eeKl.I,llOIL.'iOro 6YHKepa ocyrueCTBJUllOT nOCJIep;OBaTeJIbHO, paCC'lllTbffiaJI
BpeJlftJl 3arpY3KH 11 6po)l(eillUI TeCTa TaKHM 06pa30M, qT06bI K MOMCHTY
roTOBHOCUI reCTa B nepBOH CeKI.UUI nOCJICAHIDI nocTynana nOA 3arpY3KY
HOBOH nopU:IDI TCCTa.
rOTOBHOCTh TCCTa K pa3AcnKe onpCp;em!lOT no cro 06'bCMY 11 KHCJIOTHO-
crn, YCTaHOBJICmIOH TeXHOJIOrWIeCKHM PC)I(llMOM.
nOpUHOllliOC npurOTOBJIeUHe TeCTa
rrpIDv!CHCHlli! yqpI IDIOH MCX8.HlflICCKOH 06pa60TKH TCCTa IIpll 3aMCCC;
-- - ------
UCII On'b30BaHIDI nO)J,KHCJIHlOIWlX IDIll aKTllBHpoBaHHbI X nOJIy<l>a6pHKa-
nOBbImCillill reMllCpaTypbI TeCTa;
YB CJIH'ICHlliI P;O 3!:WOl1KlLfIJ1O :>I()I(ca .
npCllMyr.u:CCTBa YCKopeHHbIX CIIoco60B 3aKJUO'IalOTCH B COKpa.ru:cmm
11.0 MllHHMYMa CMKOCTCH IJ,JUI 6po)l(cHJlH TCCTa, B B03MO)KHOCrn ncpcxop;a
npC)J;ITplliITHH Ha pa60TY B ABC CMCHbI 11 C HcnOJIHoH pa60qeH HCP;CJICH,
B CIDI)I(CHIDI 3aTpaT M)'Kll npH 6po)l(cmrn:, B. nOBbIrnCIDill KYJThI'YPbI npo-
HJBo,o;crna 11 1. p;.
HaH60JICC u:cneco06pa3HO llCnOJIb30BaTh YCKOPCHHbIC cnoco6bI npHro-
TOBneHIDI reCTa npH BbIpa60TKc XJIc6a, 6ynOqHbIX H cA06HbIX 113ACJIHH
113 MyKll Bblcmcro 11 ncpBoro copTon.
B XJIC60nCKapHOM npoMbIIImCHHOcrn npllMClliIlOTCH YCKopCHHbre cnoco-
6bI npmOTOBJICHIUl TCCTa Ha MOJIO'IHOH CbIBOpOTKC, Ha KOHIJ;CHTpHpoBaHIiOH
MOJIO'IHOKHCJIOH 3aKBaCKe, Ha lUfcncpnlpOBaIDIOH )I(llj OH <l>a3C.
TIpll nOpI.UIOHHOM npmOTOBJICHIDI TeCTa 3aMCC cro npo1l3BOIJ.HT B TCCTO-
MCCIDIbHbIX MalllliHax nCPllOlUfqeCKOrO p;eHCTBlliI A2-XTE, 1Jl2-XT2-M 11
Ap.
TIpll 3aMCCC TeCTa B TeCTOMeCIDIbHbIX MaIillma.x nma A2-XTE B p;e)l(Y
BHOCHT Bee CbIpbC, nOJIaralO CCCH no peu:cnType, KpOMC MyKll H APO)l()I(CU,
3anHBalOT BO}J.y 11 ncpeMe:unrnalOT B TC'ICHHC 2-3 MIDI. 3aTCM 3acblIIaroT
MyKy, BHOCHT pPO)I()I(CBYlO cycncH3HlO H 3aMeUlliBalOT TCCTO. TIPOP;OJI)I(H-
TeJIbHOCTb 3aMcca TCCTa AomKHa 6bITh HC MCHCC 10 MUH. Epo)l(eIDIc TCCTa npo-
H3BOWIT B P;C)I(ax B TCqCHllC 150-24D MllH, qCpe3 60-90 MUH noCJIC 3aMeca
)I(erIaTCJIbHO TCCTO 06MHTh. fipll llCnOJIb30BaHHH M)'KH C CIDIbHOH KJICHKOBlI-
HOH reCTO )I(erIaTerIbHO nOABCprHYTh 2-KpaTHOH 06MHHKe, npll'leM nOCJICA-
mill pa3 3a 20-25 MliH p;o KOHIJ;a 6PO)l(CHWI.
TIpll 3aMcee TeCTa B TCCTOMeCIDIbHOH MaIllliHC II.i2-XT2-11 H3-3a HeB03-
MO)KHOCru KOppCKTHpoBKH A03 CbIpbH B npou:ccee 3aMeca oco60c BIDIMaHHe
AOIDKHO 6bITh 06pa.ru:CHO Ha TO'lliOCTh A03HpoBaIDIH CblpbH H nOCJICAOBR-
reJIbHOCTh 3arpY3Kll cro B TecTOMcclmbHyro MauIlUIY (BHa'Iane :>iGILJ;Klle KOM-
nOHCHTbI, a 3aTCM MyKa).
PCKOMCH)];yeMaJI npoAOmKIUCJIbHOCTh 3aMcca TeCTa B Ma.II.lliHe lII2-XT2-H
COCTaBJIHeT 3-4 MllH, npOAOJI)I(HTCJIbHOCTb 6po)l(cmUI - 120-150 MHH.
113 TeCTOMCClmbHOH Maurn:HbI lII2-XT2-M 3aMcmCHHOC TecTO BbIrpY:>I<alOT
B nO)J,KaTHbIC p;e)I(H, eMKocrn U:CllHoro KOlIBCHepa 1I12-XEE, p;e)j(J{ KOJThu:eBO-
1'0 KOlp3eHcpa lII2-XEB WIll CCKIUill 6ymccpa 6po)l(CHlliI H8-XT A-6/2.
rOTOBHOCTb TCCTa OnpCAerIHIOT IIO P;0CTll)l(CIDIlO KHCJIOTHOCTll, npc,o;y-
CMOTpCHHOH TCXHOJIOrHqCCKHM pe)KJlMOM, 11 OpraHOJICnTH'ICCKHM nOKa3are-
nHM.
. y CIWpeHF..b IM no ? npMroTOBJIeHID! Te
C llCnOJIb30 BaHHCM MOno<llIOH CbIBOpO'i'KH
OC06CHIIOCThlO p;aIIHoro cnoco6a JIBJIHeTCR H.'iTCHClI<l>HKau;lliI npo ecca
C03pCBaIDIH reCTa 3a C'ICT BHeCCHlL'I MOJIO'IHOH CblBOpoTKH napH}J.y C yBeJm -
_ '!CHHCM A BKll iMX>)I()KCH. Ha_.Q..? :-1 ,0']0 _11 npHMCHCIDICM YCI1JICHHOH MC-
xaHlflICCKOH o6pa60TKH npH 3aMCCC. BHeceillic MOJIO<lliOH CbffiOpoTKll npn
3aMcce TeCTa cnOCO TByeT yBCJIHqCHIUO 6POJJ.IDIbHOH aKTHBHOCTH Apo)l()l(eH
3a C'ICT IIOBblIUeHYill KI1cnOTHOCTli TeCTa cproy noCJIC 3aMcca 11 ynyqmcHIUl
a30THoro IillTaHIUl. PCKoMeHAyeTcH llCnOJIb30BaTh CbIBOpoTKY MOJIOqHYIO
Ha'fypanbHYIO IDIH CblBOpoTOqHbIC KOHIJ;CHTpaThI.
CbIBOpoTKY MOJIO'IH)'1O HaTypanblIylO MO)l(.'fO Hcnonb30BaTh npH BbIpa-
GaTKC no 3TOMY cnoco6y Bcex COpTOB XJIc6a, 6ynO'IHbIX 11 CAo6HbIX H3Acnnii.
CbIBOpoTO'lHbIC KOHIJ;CHTpaTbI u:cnCCO06Pa3HO npHMCHJITb 1JlIH npoH3BOACTBa
H3P;CJIHH, COACp:>KaIIJ;liX no pcu:cnTypC caxap, C CJIblO OAHOBpeMCIL.'10rO HC-
IIOJIb30BaHWI HX Ha 3aMeHY 0,5 -1,0% caxapa, npeAycMoTpcHHoro pcu:enTY-
poH.
AnrrapaTypHoc O<l>opMJICHHC npou:ccca TaKOC )I(e, KaK H npll 6e30nap-
ROM cnoco6c, OIillCaHHOM B prop;CJIC 3.2.4.
TIapaMcTpbI TCXHOJIOrHqCCKOro npou:ccca npmoTOBncHWI TCCTa Ha MO-
JIO'IHOH CbIBOponcC npHBcAcHbI B Ta6n. 49.
3.2.5. BJIelrne TeCTa J::CKOpelI!!!>IMI:!_ c!1 £!? 6al\:!.l! _
Cyr.u:HOCTb YCKOPCHHbIX cnoco60B npHrOTOBJICHIDI TCCTa 3a.KJIIOqaCTCH B
HHTCHCHcPllKau;IDI MHKpo6noJIOrllqCCKHX, KOJIJIOHlJ;HbIX 11 6110XllMU'ICCKHX
npo cccoB, npollcXOWIII.J;HX IIPH co3pcBamm TCCTa, 'ITO p;OCTmaCTCH nYTCM:
112
113
l' a 6 JI II U a 49
HOll nr..oP:On)KHTenbHOCTH 6po:>KeHlUl TeCTa. BbICOKM KlIC.J10THOCTb KMK3
06eCne'llffiaeT ee caMOKOHcepBlIpoBaHMe Ha BpeMfl nepepbIflOB B pa60re
Ha 16-24 'l, a - TaK:>Ke cnoco6crnyeT npep:ornparu:cHluo 3a60neBaIliUl nllIe-
HHtlHOfO xne6a KapTocpeJIbHOll 6one3HbIO. P33pellieHo }'BenwumaTh Ha
1 rpa}J; KHCnOTHOCTh xne6a npH BbIpa60TKe ero YCI<opeHHbIM cIIOco60M
Ha KMK3.
Pel.\enTypa II pe)KIIM npnfOTOBJIeHlIH TeCTa YCKOPCHHbIM cnoco60M
H8 MOJlO'lHOH CbIBopoTKe AlUi npOll3BOACTB8 6YJlO'IIlbIX 113ACJllIH
HanMelIOD31111C CbIpMI, nony<l>a6pm<aToB II
nOKaaaTenclI npOl ccca
Pacxop; CblpbH II napaMCTPbI
npo ccc8
Conb nOBapeHHaJI nllIUeBaJI, Kr
Bona, KI'
,DpnonHlITeJlbHOe cblpbe, KI'
Mono'IHaJI ChIBOpOTKa, Kr*
BJlaxmocTb, %
TCMIIepaTYpa Ha'laJIbHaJI, 0 C
npolJ,on)l(lITeJJ),HOCTh aaMeca, MlIH**
npOP;On)l(lITenbHOCTh 6po)l(eHlIH, MlIH
KlIcnoTHOCTh MOJlo'llioll CblBOpoTKlI,
o T, He 60nee
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHe'IHM TeCTa, rpag***
100
no peucnType +
(0,5-1,0)
no peuelIType
no pac'ICTY
no pcuenTYpe
10-15
W xn + (0,5-1,0)
30-34
3-4 (15-20)
40-90
75
flpHI'OTOBneWie KOHl\eH1}mpOBaHHOH MOJIO'lHOKHC.TIOH 3RKBaCKM
MYKa nlI1CHlI'llIaJI XJlcGoncKapHaJI, Kr
.D,pO)l()I(If XJleOOneKapHbIe npecCOBaIlHble, Kr
KXJI + 0,5
TIpo ecc npl1fOTOBneHIDi KMK3 COCTOHT H3 ABYX UHKnOB: pa3Bop:O'lHO-
ro H npoH3BOncrneHHoro.
B pa3BOnO'lHOM UHKne j])UI npmoTOBneHlUl KMK3 Hcnonb3}'lOT 'lliCTbIe
KynbTypbI MOnO'lnOKHCJIbIX 6aKrepMH L. plantarum-30, L. brevis-1, L. fcrmen-
ti-34, L, casei-26 H np. B )K1ol)]:KOM DHne IDIH B BHnC cyxoro naKT06aKTcpIDIa,
npenCfaBnHIOru:ero co60H CMeCb 3THX KynbTYp.
TIpmoTOBneHMe KMK3 H3 :>KH)J;KMX KynbTYP MonO'lHOKHCJ1bIX 6aKTcpHH
Ha'lHHaIOT C 0,025 n HaKonHTenbHoH KynbTypbl Ka:>K,!J;OrO BHna MOnO'lHOKHC-
nbiX 6aKTepHiI. TIonroTOBKY HaKOnHTenbHoii: KynbTypbI j])1fl p a3BO n O 'lHOrO
UHKna npoBOAHT B coorneTCTBHH C npIDlO:>KeHHeM 8 "XapaKTepHCTHKa H no-
pHn OK nOnrOTOBKH 'lHCThIX K)lJIbTYP MOnO'lHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTepMH H npo)!Ol(cii:
1JllH npHroToBneHlliI xne6HbIx 3aKBaCOK no pa3BOnO'lHOMY UHKJIY".
C enb!O ynyqnreHlliI ycnOBMH pa3BHTlliI MOnO'lHOKHCJIbIX 6aKTCpMH B flli-
TaTenbHyID CMCCb B Ka)l(}J;oii: iP33e peKoMeHnyeTcH BHeceHHC iPcpMeHTHOro
npenapaTa AMIDlopH3HHa TI10x B KOJlli'leCrne 0,005-0,01% K MRcce M)'KH
B Ka)l(}J;OH CTa,JJ;HH 3aKBaCKH.
TIpmoTOBneHHc KMK3 H3 cyxoro JIaKT06aKTeplIHa B pa3 BO nO'iHOM
WlKne Ha'lIDIaIOT C BOCCTaHOBneHlliI cyxoii: KynbTypbI. }J)U! :noro B Ka)l(}J;bIH
iPnaKoH BnHBaIOT no 10 MJ1 BOnonpoBO}J;HOH BO}J,bI TeMIIepaTypoii: 38-40° C H
OCTaBnHIOT Ha 10 MlIH 1JllH Ha6yxaHHH 6aKTepHaJ1bHbIX KJIeTOK. Bo}J;HYro
cycneH3HIO naKTo6aKTepHHa, nonyqeHH}'lO H3 10-TH qmaKoHoB cyxoro naKTO-
6aI<TepIDIa, Hcnonb3yIDT B I iPa3C pa3BOnO'lHOrO W1Kna.
PeuenTypa II pe>KHM npHI'OTOBneHIDI KMK3 no pa3BOnO'lHOMY UHKJIY
H3 )I(J1)J;KHX KynbTYP II H3 cyxoro naKT06aKreplIHa O}J;HHaKOBbI, n03TOMY
OHM npImeneHbI B O}J;HOii: Ta6n. 50.
*PaCXOI1 MOJlO'llIOfi CbIBOpoTKlI JIlIH rpynlIbl CIJ,06HbiX I13Aenllfi 10-12 Kr.
**B :iaBlIClIMOCTlI OT MapKlIlICIIOnb3yeMofi TeCTOMeCHJ1bHOIl MaIllHHbI.
*** ,I(olIycKaeTcH YBe.JHI'IlIBaTb KlICJJOTHOCTh TCCTa Ha 1 rpaJJ.,
Mono'lHYID CblBOPOTKY BHOCHT npH 3aMece TeCTa B TaKOM KOnH'le-
crne, 'lTo6bI nonyqHTh rOTOBble H3neJIHH KHCJIOTHOCTbIO, coorneTcrnyIO-
I eM: Tpe60BaHlliIM HOpMaTHBHO-TeXHH'ieCKOM nOKYMeHTaIJ;UH Ha BbIpa-
6aTbmaeMoe U3AeJIHe.
TIpn 3aMece TeCTa BO n03HpyIOT C Y'leTOM BHeceHIDI CbIBOpoTKH,
'lTo6bI nonY'illTb H3neJIHe 3anaIiHOH BJlaJKHOCTH. TIpH BbIpa60TKe cno6-
HbIX H3AeIDIH, B peuenTypy KOTOpbIX BXO}J;HT 60JIbllIOe KOnli'IeCrno
p;onOnHMrenbHOro CblpbH, C uenb!O nonyqeHHH H3nenliH Tpe6yeMoii:
BnaJKHOCm qaCTh CbIpbH, rm!BHbIM 06p330M caxap; BHOCHT npH 3aMece
B CYXOM BHAe.
Y cKOpeHRb!H: cnoco6 npHI'OTOBJ1eHIDI TeCTa
Ra KO eHTpHpOBaRHOH MOJIOIJROKHCJIOH: 3aKBaCKe
KOHIleHTpHpoBaHHaJI MOnO'lHOKHCJIaJI 3aKBaCKa (KMK3) npenCTaBJIJI-
eT co60ii: lony(!)a6pHKaT BJ1aJKHOCTb!O 63-66% C KOHe'lHoii: KHCJIOTHOCThIO
14-18 rpa}J;. IiBeneHHe KMK3 npH 3aMece TeCTa o6ecne'lHBaeT nOBbIIlleHHe
IOiCJIOTHOCTH TeCTa }J;O YPOJ3IUI, cnoco6crn}'lOru:ero 6bICTpoMY nlxneKaHHlO
KOnnOH}J,HbIX H 6HOXHMH'leCKHX npo eCCOB, a TaK:>Ke aKnma HH )KH3He-
}J;eHTenbHOCTH )K)I(eii:. HaJ1Ji'me npenureCTBelIHHKOB BKyca H apoMan
B 3aKBacKe n03BOJIHeT nOJI}"lHTb xne6 BbICOKoro Ka'leCrna npli COKpaI.QeH-
,II,aJIbHeii:Illee 06HOBneHHe KMK3 B Heo6xo}J;HMOM 1JllH npoH3Boncrna
KOJlli'IeCTBe ocyru:eCTBnHIOT B npolI3BoncrneHHbIX YCJIOBHHX nYTeM no 6au -
neHHH K roTOBOii: 3aKBaCKe paBHOro KO.JlH'leCrna I1HTaTenbHOH CMeCH H3 MY-
KH II BO}J,bI (B COOTHOwemill 1 : 1,5) C nOCJIe}J;yIOru:HM BbI,IJ;ep:>KHBaHHeM }J;O
nOCTH:>KeHlliI KHCJIOTHOCTH 14-18 rpan.
TIoCJIe HaKomeHlliI Heo6xo]J;liMorO KOJlli'leCTBa npoH3BoncrnemIOH 3a-
KBaCKH 'iaCTb ee HCnOJIb3yIOT Ha B0306HoBneHHe, a OCTaJIbHYIO - lIa 3aMec
TeCTa.
114
115
Ta6J1l1ua 51
Ta-6J1 lIua 50
Pacxop. C&IpbH II napaMCTp&I TCXHOJIOrH'leCKOi'C npOl ecca
npurC'i'ORilCHIDI 3aKSaCKII B npolI3BOACTECliHOM 1.\1IKJIC
Pcucmypa H pC1KHM npHrOTOBJleHIUI KMI(3
no pa3BoAo'lHOMY ullKJIY 113 JKIU\KlIX KYJlbTyp
HaHMeHOBIIHlIe CbIpMI, rronyq,a6pl!KaTOB «1>a3bI pa3BOP;O'lHOi'O I.\HKJIa
H rrOKa3aTenCH rrpol.\ccca
IV
>KHAKIIC ''lliCTble KynbTypbI:
L. brevis-1 0,025
L. casei- 26 0,025
L. plantarum-30 0,025
L. fermcnti-34 0,025
lU1l1 cycrreH311H naKT06aKTepllHa (10 0,1
n03 B 100 MJI BOAbI)
3aKBacKa npenbInY1UcH q,a3bI, Kr 5,0 20,0 77 -80
MYKa IIlI1eHlI'lIlM (II, I, BbIClI1erO COpTOB), 2,2 6,6 26,4 67
Kr
Bona, Kr (c TeMJICpaTypoH 43-45 0 C) 2,7 8,4 33,6 97
061UaH Macca, Kr 5,0 20,0 80,0 231-244
TCMlIcpaTypa Ha'laJlbHaH, 0 C 38 -40 38-40 38-40 36
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM, rpap;:
113 MYKII I II BbIClI1erO COpTOB 13-16 15-17 16-18 16-20
H 3 MYKII II COpTa 16-20 18-22 20-22 20-22
np0l10Jl)l(lITenbHOCTh GpOJKCHHH, 4:
113 MYKII II, I II BbIClI1Cro COpTOB 20- 24 14-18 8-12 8-12
CoOTHOlI1CHlIC MYKlIlI nlJTaTCJJbHOH CMeClI 1 :3 1:3 1 :2
HaifM€HOBaHlie Cblp:'JI, rronyq,a6pHKaToB,
rrOKa3aTCnCH t;tpol.\ccca
KOmNCCTBO CblpbH, rronyq,a6pm<aTOB
H rrOKa3aTeJ1H rrpol.\CCca rrpl'.! paGoTe
rrpcp;rrpilllTllH
B '!PH B OJJ:IIY
CMCHbI CMCRY
KMI<3, Kr 120 80 60
IIHTaTeJJbHM CMCCb 120 160 180
B TOM 'IlIcne:
MYKa IIIllCHH'IH8H XJlCOOIICKapHM 50 65 75
IIepBoro COPTa, Kr
BOl1a,Kr 70 95 105
BnaJIGIo CTb, % 65-70 65-70 65 -70
TeMIIepsTypa 3aKBaCKlI, 0 C 34-38 32-38 32-36
npOp;omKlITCnbHOCTh BbI,[ICp>KllBIIHlIH, 'I 8 8-16 24
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHe'IHM, rpap;:
TliTPyCMaH 14-18 14-18 14-18
aKTHBHaH 3,59-3,52 3,59-3,52 3,59-3,52
,IJ,IHI npoH3Bop;cTBeHHoro lJ,HKJIa B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT pe>KHMa pa60TbI
npegnpIDITIDI (B o)J;HY, )];Be IDIH TPH cMeHDI) BbI6HpalOT cooTBeTcTBYJOll\Hii
pHTM oT60pa 3aKBaCK11 Ha 3aMec TeCTa H Ha ee B0306HOBJlelme.
napaMeTpbI TeXIIOnOr11qeCKOrO npolJ,eCca npnrOTOBneHili! 3aKBaCKH B
npo113Bop;crneHHOM lJ,ID<ne npHBep;eHbI B Ta6rr. 51.
npH pa60Te npep;npIDITIDI B 3 CMeHbI 3aKBacKY crrep;yeT OCBeX<aTh Ka)K-
)J;bIe 8 q, T. e. OjJ,llH paJ B cMeHY. npH 3TOM oT6npaIOT nonoBlrny rOTOBon
3aKBaCKH Ha 3aMec TeCTa, a K OCTaBIllenCH nonOBHHe p;o6aBJIHIOT ffirraTenb-
HyIO CMCCb B paBHOM KOJIHqeCrne.
fIpH pa60Tc B )];Be CMCHbI OCBe)KeHHe 3aKBaCKH npoBO}JJI'i )];Ba paJa B
cyn<ll. B nepBYJO 11 BO BTOpYJO CMeHY oT6HpalOT Ha 3aMec TeCTa OgHHaKO-
Boe KOJlliqeCTBO rOTOBon 3aKBaCKH, paBHOe 2/3 qaCTH (66%) ee MaCCbI;
a OCTaBIUyIOCH 1/3 qaQTh I1CnOnb3YJOT Ha B0306HOBneHHe.
COOTHOIlle Ui:e 3aKBi'.CKli H IlliTaTeJIbHOn CMec '! COCTaBJ1HeT 1 :2.
lipolJ,ecc KHCJIOTOHaKOIU1eHIDI perynHpYJOT n}'TeM 113MeHemm Ter..me-
paTypHoro pe>KHMa. .D,rrz :3101'0 B }'TpeHHIOIO cMeHY, Korp;a npop;OJI>KllTeJIb-
HOCTh BbIp;epxamaHWI 3aKBaCKH COCTaBJ1lIeT 8 q, KMK3 p;OJI>KHa HMeTb
TeMnepaTYPY 34-38°C. B crrep;yIO ! 16-QacoBoH nepHop; Bbmep>KHBa-
HIDI reMrrepaTypa ee p;OJI)!(}{a 6b1Th HeCKOJIbKO HIDKe, 32-36° C.
npH pa60Te npegnpIDfTIDI B O)J;HY CMeHY 3aKBacKY OCBe)lffilOT mlilII>
OJJ;MH paJ B CyTKH. B 3TOM crryqae Ha 3aMec TeCTa OT6HpaJOT 3/4 qaCTH HITH
75% MaCCbI rOTOBon 3aICBacKH, a OCTaBnmeCH 1/4 qacTh HcnOJIb3YJOT )J)U!
Upl!1'OTOBJIeHWI HOBon npoH3Bop;crneHHon 3aKBaCKH. CooTHoIlleHHe 3aKBaC-
K11 . H ffi1TaTeJIbHOn CMeC11 COCTaBJIHeT B 3TOM crryqae 1 :3. TervrnepaTyPY
KMK3 nOJI.D;ep)KllBaIOT B rrpep;enax 32-36° C.
npH KpaTKOBpeMeRP.bIX nepepbIBax B TeXHOJIOrH'leCKOM npolJ,ecce
(p;o 24 q) KMK3 MO)!(}{O COXpalUlTh 003 OCBe)KeHWI. KHcrrOTHOCTh npH 3TOM
117
116
06N M CMKOCTCii: )J;1U1 3aKBaCKH npii yp;cnbHoii Macce CC p = 1,0 Kr/cM 3
Ii K03cpqH HCHTC 3anaca Kl = 1,1, onpcp;cmuoT no <popM}'TIc:
M'K,
MOJKeT nOBbICHThCH p;o 23-24 rpap;, B PC3YJIbTaTC qcro nocTOpoHIDIJI MMK-
po<pJIopa B 3aKBaCKC HC pa3BllBaeTCJI, npcIHcxo)J;!IT caMoKoHcepBHpoBaIllie
3aKBaCKH.
I1pH 60JICC )J;11HTenbHbIX ncpcpbIBax B pa60Tc npcp;npMJITIDI (PCMOHT,
pCKOHCTpyKWUI H T. p;.) CJICP;YCT COXPaIDITh Hc60JIblIIOC KOJIH'leCTBO 3a-
KBaCKH (15-20 Kr) B xono)J,IDlbHOii KaMcpe. I1cpcp; HaqaJIOM pa60ThI
YBcnHqCHHC 06'bCMa 3aKBaCKH OCYIl\CCTBJIHIOT rryTCM BHeCCHHJI B Hce IDiTa.
TcnbHoii CMeCH C TeMncpaTypoll: 47-49° C B COOTHOllleHHH 1 :4, C noCJIC-
P;YlOmHM BbIp;Cp>KHBaHI'leM npH Tcrvm:cpaType 36-40° C p;o KIICJIOTHOCTH
14-18 rpap;.
I1pH yxynu:reHHH CBOll:CTB npoII3Bop;CTBCHHOH 3aKBaCKH, CHIDKCHHH
cKopocrn KHCJ10TOHaKOIUICHMJI H yxyp;mcHHH BKyca roTOBblX H3p;cnlIii npH-
roTOBnCHI'IC KMK3 no npoH3BOp;CTBCHHOM}' HKny npCKpaIlIalOT II roTO-
BHT cc 3aHOBO no Pa3BOP;O'lliOMY I'IK.TIY (06bI'lliO 1-2 pa3a B rop;).
Ka'lCCTBO 3aKBaCKH KOHTpoJlliPYIOT no CKOpoCTM YBCJ1II'lCHHH KHCJIOTHO-
crn H aKnmHOCrn MOJIO'llIOKIICJ1bIX 6aKTcp1ill, onpcp;enflcMoM no H3MeHCHlliO
oKpacKH MCTIDICHOBOll: CHID! IDI1:! JIHyc-rplOH B COOTBCTCTBHM C npllBcgcHlIOii
HllJKC MCTO)J;HKOH.
HaBCCKY 3aKBaCKII 20 r Tll\aTCJIbHO paCTHpalOT B CTyrrKc C ABYXI<paT-
HbIM KOJlliqCCTBOM BOADI, npCABapHTCJIbHO HarpCmll: lJ,O 40°C. 10 MJ1 npH-
rOTOBncHHoll npo6bl npH nOMOll\1I McpHoro WUIHHlJ,pa ncpcHocflT B npo6Hp-
KY, Kyp;a p;o 6mmmOT 1 MJ1 0,01 % Boro-roro pacTBopa MCTIDICHOBOH CIIHU.
COP;Cp)!(!IMOe npo6HpKII Tll\aTCJ1bHO nepCMCiI.lliBalOT p;o paBHOMepHoro
pacnpClJ,CnCHIDI KpaCIITCJ1fl H nOMc alOT B BO)J)IH)'!O 6aHIo npM TCMrrcpaType
40° C. !IJm KOHTpOJIfl B 6aHIO CTaBflT rrpo6HpKY C 10 MJ1 npHrDTOBnCHHoH
npo6b1 003 KpaCHTCJIH.
AKTIiBHOCTh MOJIO'lHOKHCJ1bIX 6aKTCpP.:H B 3aKBaCKC onpClJ,enflIDT no CKO-
pocm ncpcxop;a rony60ii: OKpaCKH B aHaJIOrH'rnYIO C KOHTponbHOH: B cpero-rcii:
'laCTII npo6bI. B 3aKBaCKe HOpMaJIbHOrO Ka'lCCTBa BpCMfl H3MCHCHlliI OKpaCKH
MCTIDlCHOBOli cmrn COCTaBnHeT 30-40 MIlli.
Hc06xo)J;HMO H36CraTb P;CiiCTBlliI npflMbIX COnHC'lHbIX nyqcll BO BpCMJI
aHaJIH3a, T. K. 3TO CIDIbHO HCKa)i(aeT pC3yJIbTaTbI onpcp,cncHlHI.
KOnH'lCCTBO 3aKBaCKH, HCITOnb3ycMoii Ha 3aMec TCCTa, MO)!(CT MCHHThCH
B 3aBHCllMOCrn OT accopmMcma H3AenHii, OT KHCJIOTHOCrn KMK3.
Ha rrpnrOTOBnCHHe 3aKBaCKH HCI!0J1b3YIOT 3-5% MyKH OT 06Il.\cro cc KO-
nHqCCTBa no pc cnTYpc.
KOnlI'lCCTBO 3aKBaCKM M, Hc06xo]J;HMOC B CMCHY )J;11H npoH3BOP;CTEa,
onpCJJ;cnHIOT no <popM}'TIC:
v=
p
npHI'OTOBJICHHe TeCTa
CM 3
I1pI1fOTOBJICHHe TCCTa YCKOPCHHbIM cnoco60M C npHMcHcHHCM KMK3
cncC006pa3HO OCyu.\CCTBJIflTb B arpcraTc I!I2-XT.JJ:-Ol, B KOMIUICKT KOTO-
poro BXO)J;HT o60pyp;oBaHIle )J)1H npIITOTOBJICHlUI H C03pcBaHlUI KMK3,
AJ1fl 3aMcca H 6poJKCHHfl TCCTa, a TaKJKe Ha nHHIDIX C Hcnonb30BaHlICM
TccToMccIDIbHoli MaIillIHbI 1lI2-XT2-11 B CO'lCTaHHH C CCp1illHO BblrrycKac-
MblM IDIH HccTaHp;apTH3HpoBaHHbIM o60pYlJ,oBaJilleM. I1apaMeTpbI TCXHO-
nOrH'ICcKoro npo ccca HpllroToBncHlliI TCCTa npllBcp;cHbI B taM. 52.
Ta6J1liua 52
Pc!.{elITypa H pCnmM npmOTOBJIeHIUI TCCTa YCKOPCHHbIM cnoco60M
Ha M0J10'lHOKHCJ10H 3aKBaCKe
HallMenOBalllle CbIpbfi, rronycpa6prncaToB II
rrOICa3aTCJ1i:H rrpo ccca
Pacxop; CbIpbH H rrapaMeTpbI rrpo-
ecca rrpll BbIpa60TKe 6yno'lHbIx
H3P;CJ1HH
MYKa IIlI1eHlI'lHM XJ1e60neKapHaJI, Kr
,QpO)l()I(H XJ1COOneKapHbIe npeCCOBaHHbIe, Kr
Conb IIoBapeHHM IIlIll(eBaH, Kr
Bona, Kr
[1,0 nOJlHlITeJlbHOC Cblpbe, Kr
KMK3, Kr*
Bna)l(HOCTb, %, He 60Jlce
npoJJ.OJI)I(lITenbHOCTb 3aMeca, MlIH
TCMlIcpaTypa Ha'laJlbHM, 0 C
KHCJIOTIIOCTb KMK3, rpaA
nP0P;OJl)l(lITenbHOCTb 6po)l(CHlI5I TeCTa, MHH
KHcnOTHOCTb TeCTa KoHC'IHaJI, rpa.l1, He 60nce
M= K' M 1 'n,
rp;c K - K03<p<prnmCHT, )"llITbIBalOnn1H PC)lGiM pa60Thl npCnrrplliITIDI;
M 1 - KOnH'lCCTBO 3aKBaCKH, Hcnonb3YCMoe Ha 3aMCC OAROM nopII.HM
TCCTa;
n - KOJlli'lCCTBO 3aMCCOB B 'lac.
BCJIH'lliHa K03<p<p HCHTa K npH TPCXCMCHHOM, ABYXCMCHHOM H OARo-
CMCHHOM pe:»aIMC pa60ThI rrpHHHMaCT COOTBCTCTBCHHO cncp;yIOIIUIC 'illCJ10Bble
3HaqeHlliI: 16,0; 12,0; 10,6.
*npH Bblpa60TKe XJle6a H CP;06HbIX 1I3Aenllil KMK3 HCIlonb3YIOT B 1<01lH'IeCTBe 10-
12,S H 7,5-10 Kr COOTBCTCTBCHHO.
118
95 -97
no pC1\CnType + (0,5-1,0)
no peuelITYpc
no pac'IeTY
no peucITType
7,5-12,5
W xn + (0,5-1,0)
3-4
30-34
14-18
40-90
Kxn + 1,0
119
AnnapaTypmUi CXeMa npnrOTOBJIeHIDI TeCTa YCKopeHlThIM cnoco60M
C HCnOJIb30BaHHeM KMK3 Ha arperare lII2-XT,n:.ol npKBep;eHa Ha pHC. 13
Y cKopeH1fhIii CIIoco6 npHI'OTOBJIeHIDI TecTa
Ha )lQf)J;KOH AHcneprHpOBaHHOH cpa3e ()KJ:I;w)
CYIUHOCTh AaH1IOro YCKopeHHoro cnoco6a npnrOTOBJIeHIDI TeCTa 3aKJIlO-
'laeTCH B TOM, 'lro TeCTO rOTOBHT Ha )!(If,!J;KOH AMcneprHpoBaHHoii cpa3e
(}x'n:<I», KOTopaH npeACTmmHeT co60ii nOJIy<pa6pHKaT, nOJI}"leHllbIH nyTeM
AMcneprHpoBaHIDI 'laCTH MJKH, MOJIO'lHoii CbIBOpoTKH, BO)J:bI H Bcero AOnOJI-
HHTeJIbHOrO CblpbH.
I1cnoJIb30BaHHe }K,IJ,<I> HHTeHCH<pHIJ;HpyeT KOJIJIOH Hble, 6HOXHMH'Ie<;KHe
H MHKpo6H0J10m'leCKHe npou;ecCbI, npoHcXOMIl\He B TeCTe (TaM. 53).
6
4
5
r
TaGnllua 53
Pc cnTypa II PC)KIIM npllrOTOBnCHIIH TCCTa YCKOPCHHbIM cnoco60M
Ha )l(II,l\Koii AHcnCpl'lIpoBaHHOH q,a3c
HallMeHOBaHHe CbIpb1\, nOJIy.pa6plIKaToB,
nOKa3aTeneH npo ecca
Pacxog CbIpbJI H napaMeTpbI
npo ecca
PHC. 13. AnnapaTypHaJ1 CXCMa npllI'OTOBnCHIIH TeCTa 113 llInCHWlHOn MYKII YCKopeHHbIM
CIIOCOGOM C HCITOnb30BaHllCM KMK3 B arpcraTC 1II2-XTJJ:-D1
1 - CMCCHTenb BHHTOBOii lli2-XB2-B; 2 - annapaT AJIJl BbI6p8)KlIBaHHJl KMK3 lli2-XT -
01.01; 3 - Hacoc weCTepeH1laTbIH lli2-x.p:H; 4 - pacxogHa5I eMKOCTb lli2-XT -01.02;
.5 - g03aTop )KHgKHX KOMnOHeHTOB lli2-X,n2-B; 6- g03aTop cbm x KOMnOHeHTOB
III2-X 2-A; 7- TeCTOMeCHJIbHaJI MBWHHa III2-XT2-M; 8 - KOHBeHep AJJJI 6pmKCHHJl
TeCTa lli2-XBB
B BHIITOBOii CMeCHTeJIb 1II2-XB2-E, npep;Ha3Ha'leHHbm p;JIH npnrOTOB-
JIeHIUI IlHTaTeJIbHOii CMeCH, P;03Hp}'lOT BOpy H M)'KY. I1onyqeIllI}'lO rOMOreH-
H}'lO CMeCb HaCOCOM nOAaIOT B eMKOCTb 1II2-XT,IJ,-01.01, npep;Ha3Ha'leHH}'lO
rom 6po)KeHlffi KMK3, B KOTopoii HaXOAlITCH BbI6po)KeHHaH: 3aKBaCKa pCl3-
BOAO'lHoro u;mma. I10CJIe nOCTYIIJIeHIDI B eMKOCTb 3a.n;aIllIoro KOJIH'leCTBa
IlHTarenbHoii CMeCH 3a..'<:BaCKY nepeMennmalOT H OCTaBJIJIIOT rom C03peBaHIDl.
Bo BpeMl! CO"3peBaHIDI 3aKB3CKY nepHop;WleCKH nepeMeIilllBaWT MemaJIKOH,
KOTOpoH OCH eHa eMKOCTh.
rOTOB}'lO 3aKBaCKY B KOJIH'leCTBe, Heo6xop;HMOM ;tJ,!IH pa60Tbl B Te'le-
HHe CMeHbI, nepeK3'lHBaroT HaCOCOM I1I2-X,IJ,H B pacxop;llftO eMKOCTh 1II2-
XT,IJ,-Ol.02, a B OCTaBrnylOCH 3aKBaCKY CHOBa nop;aroT IlliTaTCnbHYro
CMeCb.
113 pacxop;Hoii eMKOCTH HaCOCOM 1II2-X.D.H 3aKBaCKY nepeKa'illBalOT B
p;03aTOp )KIf,IJ;KlIX KOMnOHeHTOB m2-X,IU>. 3THM )Ke p;03aTOpoM nOCITep;OBa-
TeJIbHO Ha6HpaIOT P;03:bI Bcex )KH,I:J;KHX KOMIIOHeHTOB (BOAY', )!(Ifp, P;PO)lOKH,
conb, caxap). CMeCb )l(Hp;KHX KOMIIOHeHTOB cmmaIOT B MeCIDIbHYro eMKOCTb
TeCTOMeCIDIbHoii MannIHbI III2-XI2-I1, nOCITe 'Iero 'lepe3 p;03aTOp CbIIIY'lHX
KOMIIOHeHTOB III2-J0J;2-A no.r:(aroT MyKY H B Te'leHl:IC 3-4 MHH 31lMeIIDIBalOT
TecTO .
113 TeCTOMeCIDIbHoii MaumHbI 3aMemeHHoe TeCTO BbITpY)KaroT B p;e)!(lf
!WJIbu;eBOro KOHBeiIepa ;tJ,!IH 6po)Kemill 1II2-XBB lL'IH eMKOCTb KOHBeiiepa
1II2-XBE, rp;e OHO 6poAMT 40-90 MHH}'T.
>I<,D;<l>
TCCTO
MYKa nlI1CHlI'lHaJI XJlC60IICKapHM, Kr
,DpO)l()I(lf XJ1C60IICKapHbIc npeCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
Chnb IIOBapeHHM IIlIllIeBM, Kr
BOAa,Kr
JJ:ononHlITeJIbHOC CbIpbe, Kr
M0J10'IHM CbIBopoTKa, Kr
>KJJ:cIJ, Kr
npoAon)l(l!TeJIbHOCTb IIepCMClI1lIBaIllUI, MlIH
npol1on)l(lfTeJlbHOCTb AIIClIcprllpoBaIllIH, MlIH
BJla)!(llOCTb, %
TCMIIcpaTypa Ha'laJlbHaJI, 0 C
npOAOn)l(l!TeJIbHOCTb 3aMcca, MlIH*
np AOn)l(lITCnbHOCTb GpO)l(CHlIJI, MlIH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM >K,UcIJ, rpap;
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'lHa5I TeCTa, rpap;, Hc 60nce
*B 33BlIClIMOCTlI OT MapKlIlICnOnb3YCMOn TeCTOMBCHJJbHOfi MalI1llHbI.
KXJ1 + 0,5
120
20-30
80-70
IIO pcucnType
+ (0,5-1,0)
no pcucnType
IIO pac'ICTy
no pCUCIITypc
10-20
BCJI
3-5
5-8
65 -70
28-32
WXJI+ (0,5-1,0)
30-34
3-4 (15 -20)
30-50
20-40
4-5
121
ArrnaparypHaH CXCMa npHfOTOBnCHHH TeCTa Ha }K,n:1!> galla Ha pHC. 14.
ITpmoroBneHHe }K,lJ,1!> oCYJl.(ecrnnHIOT rropwroHIIO B ynbTpa3B}'KoBOM
p;Hcneprarope C qacroroll Bpaw:emIH pa60 t lero opraHa 2000 o 6/MJ:IH , B
CMeCl-ITeJ1e-3Mynbrarope IIIC-1, B 3aBapo'IHOll MallITlHe X3-2M-300 Mll B
gpyrllx MeXaHH'leCKHX CMeCllTenHX B KOMlUleKTe C HaCOCOM.
Pa3JJ;en 4
P A3)J,EJ1KA, P AccroflKA, BblllEqKA
5
7
PA3JJ;EIIKA TECTA
PIlc. 14. ArrnapaTypHM CXCMa IIpllrOTOBJlCHH5I TCCTa 113 IIlI1CHlI'IHoil MYKII Ha I1lIcncp-
rllpOBaHHoil )!(lIp;Kofi q,a3c
1 - p;03aTOp )KHAKHX KOMnOHCHTOB 1112-X)J,2-B; 2- p;o3aTop CbIny'IHX K MnolIcHToB
1112.X,!],2-A; 3- ynbTpa3BYKoBOH p;HcncpraTop; 4 - Hacoc mCCTCpCH'IaTbIlI lllZ-X)J,H;
S - CMKOCTb 1J,1I1I BbI6pIDKHBaIIHJI )J,)KcI>; 6 - TCCTOMCCH1ThiHm MalI1lllia 1II2-XT2-M;
7 - KOHBCHCp 1J,1I1I 6po)Kcm'JI XBB
Pa3H006pa3lle accopTllMeHTa xrre6a II xrre606ynotffibIX ll3genHll B 3Ha<rn-
TenbHOH Mepe onpe;:J:enJIeTCH llX <pOpMOH. I1pOMbIIIDIeHHOCTblO BbIpa6aTbI-
BaeTCH cl>OpMOBOll II nOJJ;OBbIll XJIe6, KpyrnbIe II 6aroHoo6pa3HbIe XJIe606y-
nOtffibIe ll3genllJI, a TaKJKe ll3genllH mO)!(HOll cl>OpMbI (B OCHOBHOM MeJ1KO-
IlITY'IHbJe) .
Pa3JJ;enKa TeCTa BKnlOtIaeT crregYIOilure orrepau;llli: JJ;eneHHe TeCTa Ha KYC-
Kll, oKpyrnemre TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK, npeJJ;BapllTcnbHYIO pacCToii:KY TeCTO-
BbIX 3arOTOBOK, llX cl>opMoBaHlle, OKOHqaTCJ1bHyIO paCCTOllKY, rrepecagKY Ha
nOJJ; ne'll!, HaJJ;pe3KY II oTgenKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK. B 3aBllCllMOCTll 01' Bll-
JJ;3 ll3JJ;enllll Te IDIll HHble oneparum MorYT 6bITh orrYJl.(eIlbI (CM. Ta6.n. 54).
<I>opMOBOll XJIe6 BblrrycKalOT B cl>opMax XJIe60neKapIlbIX, coorncTcrnylO-
lIUfX fOCT 17327-88.
T a 6 JI 11!.\ a 54
B CMeCllrenb g03llPYIOT Bce gorronHHTenbHul;: CbIpbe, MOnO'IHyro Cbmo-
poTKY, BO,rry (no pacqery), ,lIpOJK)KIf B KonWIeCTBe Ha 0,5% 6onbIlIe, tJeM
npe,rrycMoTpeHo peu;errTypoll, II Bce rrepeMelllliBalOT B TeqeHHe 2 MllH}'T,
a 3aTeM g06aBnmoT MYKY B KOrrnqeCTBe 20-30% 01' 06 ell MaCCbI MyKll,
pacxo,rryeMoH Ha npHfOTOBneHlle TeCTa. nepeMelllliBaHlle rrpogonJKaroT B
TeqeHHe e e 2 MillI, a 3aTeM CMeCb p;HCrreprllpyroT rryTeM peIJ;llpKyn IDI
'1epe3 HacOC B reqeHlle 5 -8 MillI go rron}"leHIDI OroroPOp;HOll cycneH3ID1.
fOTOByro }K,n:1!> rrepeKa'lHBaIOT B pacxop;HYro eMKOCTb II OCTaBnHIOT
p;rUI opo)KeHIDI B reqeHlle 20-40 MillI.
B TeCToMecIDIbHYIO MaJIlHHY g03llpyroT BbI6poJKeHHyro }K,n:I!>, coneBOH
pacTBop, OCTaBIlIeeCJI KOnllqeCTBO M)'KH II 3aMelllliBalOT TeCTO.
npogOII)l(JlTenbHOCTb 3aMeca B TeCTOMeCIDIbHOll Mannrne A2-XTE 10-
15 MIDI, a B TeCTOMeCIDIbHOll MalIlHHe '1IJ2.XJ2.1-f - 3-4 MHH. npogOmKH-
TenbHOCTh 6poJKeHHJI TeCTa 20-40 MHH B 3aBllCllMOCTH 01' KaqeCTBa M)'KH
H CKOpoCTll YBeJ1llqeHIDI KllmOTHOCTH.
OnepaI.\lIl1 pa3L:.cmm TeCTa ,lJ;J151 pa31II1'1HbIX XJIc606YJlO'lIlbIX 1I3)1CnllH
M3J].cnHH H3 nIllCH1f'IHOH MYKH M3JJ.CJIHH H3 pH(aHOH MYKH
cl>OPMOBOH nop;OB bIli 6aToHbI. 1'0- X8JIbl H P;py- nOP;oBbIH cl>OPllo[OBOH
xne6 xnc6 pOP;cKHe 6YJl- rHC cl>HrYPHbIC xnc6 xnc6
KH H p;p. H3geJIJiII
JJ:CJlCHlIC TCCTa
OKpyrJlcHHe TeCTOBblX 3arOTOBOK
npCP;BapllTeJlbHM paccTOllKa
YKJlaAKa
B <pOpMbI
cIJopMOBa-
RIle
3aKaTKa
llneTCHlIc XaJI
II ctJopMoBaHl1e
q,lIrypRblX 113-
I1CJJlIil
cIJopMoBa- YKJlaAKa B
RlIC ctJOPMbl
122
123
llpOOOJ1JlCellUe Ta6ll. 54
)])UI JJ;eJIeHIDI nmeHH'IHOrO TeCTa nepeJJ; }'KJlaAKOll B cpOpMbI MCnOJIb3Y-
IOT Te >Ke JJ;eJIHTeJIH "KY36acc 2M-2", X,[(<I>-2M. TIpH npOH3BOJJ;crne nOJJ;OBO-
ro xne6a H 6ynOqHbIX H3JJ;emrn H3 mueHwIHoll MyKH npHMeIDIIOT JJ;eJIHTe.Jlll':
A2-XTH - 0,2-1,0 Kr; PT-2 - 0,3-1,1 Kr; P3-X,1JJl - 0,05-0,3 Kr;
1I125-X,IJ,A - 0,1-0,55 Kr.
C n;eJIblO C03JJ;aIlllH nOTOqHO-MexaIIH3HpOBaHHbIX JIHHHH OTJJ;eJIbHbIe BHAbI
o60pYP;oBaIlliJI COqeTaIOT B e)J;llHoll KOHCTpyKll,IUl, n03BOJIJIIOIll,ell npoH3Bo-
AMTb nOCJIep;OBaTeJIbHbIe onepaI1,Jm p;CJIemIH TCCTa H nOCaAKH TCCTOBbIX 3arO-
TOBOK B ne'Ib. HaH60JIce pacnpocTpaHeHHbIMH arperaTaMH JlBJIJIIOTCJI: p;e-
JIHTeJIbHO-nOCaP;OqHbrn aBTOMaT ,[(TIA, KOTOpbrn npHMeIDIIOT IIpH pa60Tc
Ha neqax pa3JIHQHbIX MapoK 1J)IJI H3p;eJIHH MaCCOll 0,8-1,5 Kr. ABToMaT .IJ.I1A
HCnOJIb3YIOT npH BbIpa60lKe H3JJ;eJIHH MaCCOH 0,8-1,0 Kr C nC'IbIO XTIA;
0,8-1,5 Kr - C ne'JaMH AUX H <I>TD-2; YKnaJJ;QliK-p;enliTenb P3-X.II.2Y,
1I133-X,[(3Y -' 1J)IR li3p;eImll MaCCOll 0,45 -1 ,2 Kr
TIpoli3Bop;crno nop;OBoro xne6a 113 nmeHH'IHOll MyKli nocne p;CneHHJI
Tpe6yeT 06JI3aTenbHoro oKpyrneHlUl KYCKOB TeCTa, 1J)IJI Qero I1cnonb3YIOT
TecTooKpyrnliTeJIbH)'1O Malilimy T1-XTH H p;pyrne TliIIbI o Kpyrnli TeneH ,
liMeIOIll,lieCR Ha npeAIIpIDITIfli.
B npon;ecce pa3p;CnKI1 xne606ynO'lHbIX H MCnKOlliTyqHbIX, a TaK>Ke
CP;06HbIX H3p;enliH n;eneco06pa3HO npeA)'CMOTpeTb npeABapl1TenbHYIO pac-
CTOHKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK Henocpcp;crneHHO nOCJIe liX oKpyrneIlllH.
TIpeABapliTeJIbHYIO paCCTOllKY B 3aBHCHMOCTli OT BHJJ;a li3p;eJIHH npOli3BO-
P;flT B TeqeHHe 5-20 MliH. 3Ta onepall,llJI MO>KeT 6bITb ocymecTBneHa B
lllKacpy npeABapl1TeJIbHOH paccTOii:KH A2-XJIM/2, Ha TpaHcnopTepHoii:
neHTe, BarOHeTKaX 11 p;pymx BH)J;ax 060pYP;oBaHllR.
TIpli BbIpa60lKe 6aTOHoo6pa3HbIx li3p;enHll OKpyrneHHbIe TCCTOBbIC
3arOTOBKlI nOABcpraIOTCJI 3aKaTKe, 1J)IJI qero licnonb3YlOT TeCT03aKaTOQ-
HbIe MalIlliHbI Tl-XT2-3-1, 118-XT3 11 p;pyme BI1AbI 060pYP;oBaHlUl.
Hali60nee Tpyp;oeMKliM npoH3BoJJ;CTBOM JlBJUIeTCR li3rOTOBneHHe 113p;e-
nHll CJIO>KHOll CPOpMbI H MenKolllTyqHbIx <i3p;enHii.
J],rrH p;eJIeIlllH TeCTa npH npOli3BOP;CTBC TaKI1X H3p;enHH MorYT 6bITb
Hcnonb30BaHbI:
aBTOMaT P;eJIHTeJIbHO-oKpyrnHTenbHbrn A2-Xfl2-C9 1J)IJI 113p;eJIHii:
Maccoll 0,05-0,22 Kr;
TeCTop;enHTeJIb P3-X,[(TI JJ;JIH MenKolllTyqlIbIX li3p;enHii: MaccOll
0,05-0,3 Kr;
TeCTOJJ;eJIHTenb 1I125-X,1J,A 1J)IJI H3p;enHii MaCCOll 0,1-0,55 Kr.
)])UI cpOpMOBKII reCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK MorYT Hcnonb30BaThCJ! TaK>KC cne-
n;HaHbHbIe MalllliHbI:
1J)IR cl>opMoBaHHJ! poranliKOB - C-500 M; P3-X<DP H P3-X<I>2-P;
1J)IR cpopMoBaHIDI nneTeHOK - 1I12-X<DTI H lIl2-X<DH;
1J)IJ! cpopMoBaHlUl po3aH'lliKOB - lIl2-X<I>E.
130 H36e>KaHlIe npIDIHIIaHIDI KYCKOB TeCTa K pa60QliM nOBepXHOCTRM
TeCTopa3p;enO'IHbIX MaIIDIH 06bI'lli0 npH pa3p;enKC nOJJ;CbmalOT MyKy, no-
:nOMY MaIillfHbI cHa6>KaIOTCJ! MyKonOCbmaTeJIRMH H P;pyrHMH aHaJIOrH'lHbIMH
YCTpollcrnal\1li. .II.nR nOH D;enli licnonb3}'lOT M}'Ky rex >KC COpTOB, H3 KOTO-
pbIX npHrOTOBneHO reCTO. Ha nOP;CbIITKy paCXOA)'IOT p;o 0,1% M)'KH K 06Ill,e-
MY pacxoP;y no peD;enrype. .II.nJI CHH>KeIlliJI pacxop;a MyKH Ha nop;cbllIKy n;e-
125
,
1f3P;CJI1UI iI3 nIlIeHH'!HOH MyKlI I-bgCJIlIH 1!3 p:>KaHOH MYKI!
.pOPMOBOH nOgoBbIH 6aTCHbI, 1'0- xanbI I! AP Y- nop;oBblH q,OPMOBOH
xncG XJIc6 pop;CKlIe 6YJt- rIle q,lITYPHbIC xrreG xne6
KH H p;p. H3p;eJ1VJI
YKJIap; a Ha YCTpoilcTBa p;JJH paccTOfiKlI
OKOH'laTeJlbHM pacCTofiKa
lIaApe3Ka,
HaKOJIKa,
OTl1eJIKa
TIepBoii: OnCpall,Hcii: pa3p;enKH TeCTa JlBnRCTCH p;cneHlie ero Ha KYCKH 3a-
P;aHHOii: MaCCbI. ,[(eneHHe TeCTa Ha KYCKH npoH3BO)J;HT C TaKHM paCQeTOM,
'IT06bI Macca lllTy<lHoro rOTOBoro xne6a COOTBeTCTBOBana HopMe, ycraHoB-
neHHoii: B HT,[(, C p;onycTHMbIMH OlKnOHeHIDIMH. Maccy recToBoii: 3arOTOBKH
]J)1R Ka)F..n;oro copTa onpCp;CnJIIOT HCXO)J;H li3 YCT3HoBneHHoii: MaCCbI rOTOBoro
H3p;enHR C yqCTOM TO'IHOCTH p;enHTenR B coorneTCTBIDf C nacp.oprHbIMH P;aH-
HbIMM, BCnH1JIDIbI yrreKa B ne'lH H YCYlIlKH npH XpaHeHIDf Ha p;aHHOM npep;-
npliJITIDf.
Maccy TeCTa MT onpcp;enRlOT no cl>OpMynC:
M T = M XJI + 3yrr + 3yc :!: f::,. M T3 ,
rp;e M XJI - YCTaHoBnCHHaJI Macca rOTOBoro H3p;enHJI, Kr;
3 - Y 6bIDb MaCCbI TeCTOBoii: 3arOTOBKH npH Bbme'lKe, Kr;
YII v
3 - Y 6bIDb MaCCbI rOTOBbIX H3p;enIDf B nepuop; OCTbIBalIlUl H xpaHe-
yc
HID!, Kr;
f::,. M T3 - OlKnOHeHue MaCChI TCCTOBoii: 3arOTOBKH IlPH p;eneHIDl, Kr.
Ha.ApC3Ka,
HaKOJIKa
OTl1eJ.Ka
HaKOJIKa,
o TI1CJ1Ka
3 = MTqyn
yn 100
; 3yC =
M rx qyc
100
rl1.e Mrx - Macca xne6a npH BbIXop;e H3 ne'lH, Kr;
qYII - BeJIH'illHa yrreKa, % K Macce TeCTa.
qyc - BenH'illHa ycyum:u, % K Macce ropRQerO xne6a.
B npon;ecce pa60TbI He06xo)J;HMO CTpeMHThCJI o6ecneQllIl. nOCTORHHhIll
ypoBeHb reCTa B BopoHKe TeCTOl1.enHTenJI, a TaK)Ke nepHOp;HQeCKH KOHTpo-
JIHpOBaTh Maccy KYCKOB TeCTa, BbIXO)J;JIIl1,llX H3 reCTop;enHTenR.
TIpH BbmC'IKe cl>OpMOBOro xnc6a U3 p>KaHOH H p>KaHO-nllleIllftIHOH MyKH
Hcnonb3YlOT reCTop;enHTenH "KY36acc 68-2M" )J;J1JI li3p;enHii: Maccoii: 0,4-
1,0 Kr; "KY36acc 2M-I" H "KY36acc 2M-2" - 0,8-1,3 Kf; X,[(<I>-2M -
0,8-1,25 Kr. TIpH BbIpa60TKe nop;OBoro xne6a H3 Tex >Ke COplDB MyKU
npHMeHJIIOT p;enHTenH A2 XT-H - 0,2-1,0 Kf, PT-2-O,3-1,1 Kf.
124
PaCCTOHKa TeCTOBbIX 3aroTOBOK
BpeMH paCCrOHKlf B nOMe1I(eHMH He .r:\On)fQlO ObITb CKB03HHKOB. MOMeHT
o KOH'IaHIHI paCCTOllKlf onpep;emIIOT no opraHOnenTH'leCKHM npH3I-IaKaM
(H3p;enlfe 3aMerno y:BenH'lliBaeTCJI B 06'beMe H nocne nerKoro Hap;aBnHBa-
HHJI naJIbn;aMH Mep;.rreilliO npllilliMaeT nepBOHa'laJIbHYIO 40pMY) .
,IJ,rrJI paCCTOHKH 6aTOHOo6p:13HbIX lf3p;eJIHll npHMeHHIOT cnen;H<IJIH3Hpo-
BaHl-IDle paCCTOllHl>Ie IIIKa«pbI PlIIB H JlA-23M.
napaMeTpbl cpe)J;bI paCCTOHHbIX KaMep H3MeHHlOT B 3Ha'lHTenbHbIX
npep;eJ1ax B 3aBlfClfMOCrn OT MaCChI, BnIDKHOCTH, pen;enrypbI, «pOpMbI H
p;pyrHX nOKa3aTeneH TeCTOBbIX 3aroToBOK. HaHoonee 'laCTO Hcnonb3ye-
MblMH HBillIlOTCH TeMnepaTypa 35-45°C H OTHOCHTenbHaJI Bna)fQlOCTh
75-85%.
napaMeTpbI paccTO H, peKOMeH)];yeMble 1JlIJI nonytleHIDI H3p;emrli:
cTaHp;apTHOrOKa'leCTBa, npHBep;eHhI B HHCTpyKn;ID!X Ha OTp;enbHble cop-
Ta xne6a 11 XJ1e606yno'IHbIX H3p;enlfM H3 p)l(aHOH H llIIleHH'lHOM MyKH.
nepep; nOCa)J,KoM B ne1Jh paCCTOJIBurneCJI TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH nop;aep.
ralOT pa3JIH'lHOH 06paooTKe B 3aBHCHMOCrn OT 4>OpMbI H copTa I:3p;enHH.
TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH nop;OBoro XJ1e6a H 6ynO'IHbIX H3p;enHH npH nepe-
ca)J,Ke Ha nop; ne'lH 06bl'lHO nepeBOpa'llffiaIOT, T. K. HX HH)I(JJJIJJ nOBepx-
I-IOCTb ooJIee rna)J,KaJI H BJIIDKHaJI, 'lTO 06eCne'illBaeT Ji}"II.Uee COCTOJIHHe
BepXHeH KOpKH nop;OBbIX H3p;enlfH. nOBepXHOCTh 3aroToBoK nepep; no cap;-
KOH B ne'Jb MO:iKHO onpbICKHBaTb BOp;OR. OTP;eJ1KY nOBepXHocrn 3aroToBoK
oCY1I(eCTBJIJIIOT B COOTBeTCTBliH C TeXHOnOrH'leCKHMH lfHCTpyKn;HHMlf Ha
Ka)K)J;brn: COpT.
Hap;pe3KY IIOP;OBOro XJ1e6a 11 6ynO'lHbIX H3P;enHH npoH3BOMT C nOMO-
1I(blO MeXaHH'leCKHX Hap;pe3'lHKOB CHCTeMbl BHHHH'leHKO H KneMMCHOBa H
p;p., JIHoo BPY'lHyro TOHKHM CTaJIbHbIM HO)l(OM, CMO'leHHbIM B Bop;e.
TIplf HaHeceHMH Ha,u;pe30B Ha nOBepXlIOCTh 3arOTOBOK )J;J1JI 6aTOHOB Hape3-
HbIX, nop;MOCKOBHbIX, CTOJIOBbIX, cTyp;eH'leCKHX H p;p. HO)IGI p;epJKaT nop;
yrno M 70° K nOBepXHOCTH 3arOTOBOK. rOpOp;cKHe 6ynKH H p;pyrlfe rpe6ellI-
KOBble H3gerrlfH Hap;pe3aroT TOHKHM HO)l(OM, pacnorraraJI ero nop; yrnoM
OKono 25° K nOBepxlIOcru TeCTa. COCTOJIHlle rpe6eIIIKa 3aBHCHT OT KatIeCTBa
Ha.n:pe3KH, YC.TIOBHM Bbme'lKH H Ka'leCTBa MyKH. rny6IllIa Hap;pe30B 3aBHCHT
OT CBOHCTB TeCTa H CTeneHH paCCTOHKH. npH nepepa60TKe MyKlf C KpeIllwH
KJIeHKOBHHoH, BbI3bIBalO1I(eH 3aMe;rr,rIeHlle paCCTOHK!i, Hagpc3bI p;eJIalOT
rnyooKHMH; eCJm TeCTO B npon;ecce paCCTOHKH paCIm, bIBaeTCH Hap;pe3bl
p;erralOT HerJIy6oKlfMH.
HeKOTOpbIe 6ynO'lHble H Cp;o6Hble H3P;eJ1HJI nepep; nOCa)J;KOH B ne'Jb
CMa3bIBalOT JriiD;OM IDm JIH'lHOH CM:13KOH, KOTOpyro rOTOBJIT H3 JIHIJ; H BOgbl
B COOTHOllieHIDI OT 1:1 p;o 1 :0,2 B 3aBHCHMOcrn OT pen;enTypbI H oco6eIllIO-
crn copTa. Hlf'lH)'IOCM:13KY rDTOBJIT Ha 1-2 'laca paooTbI BO H36eX<aHHe
nop'lH ee. Pa3peuraeTCJI BblIIeKaTb 6ynO'lHble H CP;06HbIC H3p;eJIHJI 6e3
JIH'lHOM CM:13KH, 3aMeHHJI ee y:BJIIDKHeHHeM (napoM). Jilin;a, npe,rrycMoTpeH-
Hble pen;enTypoM Ha CM:13KY, B 3TOM cJI}"Iae P;06aBJIJIIOT B reCTO, 'ITO ynY"-
rnaeT BKyC H3p;eJIHH H nOBblIIIaeT HX IIHIIJ;eByro n;eIllIOCTh.
JIeC006pa3HO npoBOp;HTb o6pa6oTI<Y pa6o'1HX IIOBepXHOCTeii TeCTopa3p;errO'l-
HbIX MauIHH nonHMepHbIMlf nOKpbITHJIMH IDIH 06P;YBI<:Y TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK
nop;orpeTbIM B03P;YXOM. KOJIH'IeCTBO nOp;aBaeMOrO B03)J;yxa perynHpYIOT C
nOM01I(blO urn6epoB H3 B03P;YXOBOP;ax. ,
nOCJIe pa3p;enKH TeCTOBble 3arOTOBl<:H nOCTyIIalOT Ha OKOH'laTerrbHYIO
paccTOI1KY,
Uerrb paccToHKH - BOCCTaHOBHTb HapymeHHYro npH «popMoBaHHH CTPyK-
TYPY TeCTa H o6ecnc t lllTb pa3pbIXJ1eHlle TeCTOBOH 3arOTOBKH 3a C'leT Bblp;ene-
HlliI p;HOKCllp;a yrJIepop;a. _
,1J;IJI «popMOBoro XJ1e6a H3 P)l(aHOH, llIIleHll'lHOH_My:KH H HX CMeceH 06bI'l-
HO OrpaHll'llffiaIOTCJI O)J;HOH paCCTOHKOM. ,IJ,rrJI 3TOH n;enH HcnOJIb3YlOT pac-
CTOiiHo-ne'lHbIC arperaThI n6-XPM, n6-XPH, n6-XPT H p;pyrlfe BHIJ.bI ooopy-
p;oBaHIDI. _
KYCKH TeCTa 1JlIJI «popMOBoro XJ1e6a Hanp:mnJIIOT Ha paCCTOHKY nocrre
yKJIap;KH B «pOPMbl, CMa3aHHbJe paCTHTcrrbHbIM MaCJIOM H 06paooTaHHbIe
nOJIlfMepHbIMH COCTaBaMH. nOp;OBble H3P;eJ1lffi )1.J1JI paCCTOHKlf yKJIa)J;bmalOT
Ha JIliCTbl, CMa3aHHble paCTHTeJ1bHbIM MaC;'OM, P;OCKH, nOCbmaHHl>Ie cyxap-
HOH KpollIKOM, o6nu!YThle 'lexrraMH, IDIH paMKH C KapMaHaMH H3 MaTepIDI.
e D;enblO ynyqilIeHIDI 3KcnnyaTaIJ;HOHHbIX rrOKa3aTeJIeH TpaHcnopTepHbIX
JIeHT If TKaHeM )J;J1JI paCCTOHKH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOI<: npHMeIffieTCJI lfX o6pa-
60TKa aHTHap;re3HOHHbIM npoIlliTbIBalOIlUiM COCTaBOM, OCHOBOM KOToporo
HBJIJIeTCJI KpeMIDriiopraHll'leCKaH >KH,JJ;KOCTb 136:41 (6bmllIa rIOK-94).
Ha llpHMeHeHHe COCTaBa Ha OCHOBe KpeMK'lliOpraHll'leCKOH )l(lf.[!;KOCTM
13641 (-y-aMHHonpolliDITpH3TOKCliCMJIaH) B Ka'leCTBe KaTa.nH3aTOpa H
conBapa (nomrnHHillIoBbIM CIIHpT C OCTaTOQHbIMH aueTaTHbIMH rpynnaMH)
B KOJIWleCTBe 8-15%) B Ka'leCTBe 3Mynbraropa HMeeTCJI pa3pemeHlle MMH-
3p;paBa eeep N° 123-5/767 "a" - 7 OT 06.09.83 r. AHruawe3HOHHaJI npo-
l1H1Ka p;eHcTByeT p;o H3Hoca TKaHeH H rpaHcnopTepHblx neHT. nporniTKa
TKaHeM H TpaHcnopTepHblx JIeHT aHTHap;re3HOHHbIM COCTaBOM oCyIUecTBJIHeT-
CJI no TeXHOJIOrH'IeCKOH HHCTPy:KII.IDI, pa3paooTaHHoM BHIU1XI1.
,D,nJI npep;o paHeHHH TeCTOBblX 3arOTOBOI<: OT 3aBeTpHBamui HX y:KJIa)J;bI-
BalOT llIBOM BBepx. Ha Tex npe}J.IIplliITlffiX, rp;e 6aToHbI npH nOca)J;Ke B ne'll>
He nepeBOpa'llffiaIOTCJI, ccl>opMoBalIHble 3arOTOBKH yKJIa.r:\l>IBalOT llIBOM BHll3.
J1HCTbi MJIH P;OCKH y:Kna)J,blBaroT Ha CTau;HoHapHble MJIH nepe}J]3H)fQlble 3Ta-
)l(epKlf IDm nO)J;BeCbI, pacnOJIO)KeHIThle B BepXHeM 'laCTH nOMeIIleHHH, MJIH
B paCCTOHHble llIKa«pbl.
PaCCTOHKY nop;oBoro xne6a MO)l(HO oCyIUeCTBJIHTb B KOHBeMepHbIX a:-
perarax Tl.XP2-3-60, TI-XP2-3-120, KOTopble npe)J;Ha:ma'leHbI )J)IJI paCCTOH-
KH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK KpyrJIOM «pOpMbI MaccoM 0,7-1,0 Kr C nome,rryIO'
IlleH aBTOMarn'leCKOM yKnaJ1,KOM H noca)J,KoM Ha nop; ne'lH urnpHHOH 2,1 M.
npH OTCyrCTBHI-I pacCTomn,Ix IIIKa«poB OKOHlJaTeJIbHYIO paccTOiiKy
MO>KHO oCyIUeCTBnJITb Ha BaroHeTKaX B YCJIOBHHX neKapHoro 3aJIa. Bo H36e.
)l(aHHe 3aBeTpHBaHIDI H 06pa30BaHIDI KOpOK Ha TeCTOBbIX 3aroTOBKax BO
121
126
BLlIIe'lKa H3Ae.mdi
TOBKH HeCKOJIbKO YBeJIlI'lliBalOTCH B 061>eMe 11 HarpeBalOTCH J1,0 TeMnepa-
° 7 ° .
TypbJ 35-40 C B lleHTpe M!lKllilJa 11]],0 0-80 C Ha nOBepXHOCTH.
B 30He BbICOKOii TeMIlepaTypbJ (270-290° C) cpeJ1,y neKapHoH KaMepbl
He YBJIa)K!UJIOT. YBJImKlieHHaH paHee TeCTonaH 3arOTOBKa, nonaAaH B 3TY
30HY, CHa'JaJIa HllTeHClIBHO YBenH'illBaeTCH B OU1>eMe B pe3ynbTaTe nepexoAa
ClllipTa B nap H TerrnOBoro paCllllipeHWJ napoB 11 ra30B, 3aTeM J1,OCTHrHYTbnr
offieM 3aroToBKH 6blCTpo <pHKcHpyeTcH B pe3ynbTaTe 06pa30BaHHH TBep-
]],OH KOpKH. TIoBepXHOCTb TeCTOBOM 3arOTOBKH B 3TOH 30He HarpeBaeTCH
AO TeMneparypbl 100-110°C, a lleHTpaJIbHble CJ!011 MHKllilla - AO 50-
60° C. TIpH TaKOH TeMnepaType Ha'lilli,\IOTcH KJ1eMCTep113awIH KpaXMaJIa
H CBepTbIBaHHe 6enKoB, crreJ1,OBaTenbHO, B 30He BblCOKOH TeMrrepaTypbl
npoHcxO]J,HT Ha'laJIbHOe 06pa30BaHHe M1IKllilla H KOpKH. 3Ta '!aCTb BbIITe'l-
KH 3aHHMaeT 15-22% 06 eH rrpoAomKHTeJIbHOCTH Bbme'lKH H3J1,enHH.
B 30He rrOHH)I(eHHOH TeMnepaTypbl (180-220° C) npoHcxo]J,HT OCROB-
HaH '!aCTb BbIITe'lKH, B HeH npoJ1,OJI)I(aIOTCR H 3aKaH'illBaIOTCH npolleccbl
06pa30BaHHR KOpKH H MRKllil1a.
J],nH 60JIbllIHHcTBa COpTOB nOJ1,OBoro xne6a H 6yno'lHblX H3J1,enHH
peKoMeHAyeTcH pe)I(HM, npH KOTOpOM reCTOBble 3arOTOBKH nocrreJ1,O-
BaTeJIbHO npoxO]J,!lT 30HbI YBJIa)I(HeHHH, nOBblIlleHHOM H nOHH)I(eHHOH
TeMnepaTyp.
B 30He YBJI1l)J(HeHIDI 3a C'leT nOAa'lH napa C03J1,aeTCR BblCOKaH BJIa)l(-
HOCTb CpeJ1,bI, YCT<iHaBmrnaeTCH TeMnepaTypa 120-150° C. 3ra 30Ha
HHOrJ1,a BbIHOCHTCR 3a npeJ1,enbl ne'ill H COCTaBJIHeT OKono 10% OT 06 eM
npo]],on)l(lITenbHOCTI1 Bbme'IKH. TIOJ1, ne'ill B 30He IIOCa]J,KH TecrOBblX 3arOTO-
BOK J1,On)l(eH 6blTb XOpoiliO pa30rpeT J1,0 180-200°C, oco6eHHo npH Bbl-
nelJKe p)lcaHo-rrIlleHH'llioro xneua. BblIIe'IKa 1I0J1,OBoro xne6a Ha HeJ1,OCTa-
TO'IHO HarpeToM no]J,y Bbl3bIBaeT 06pa30BaHHe KpyroBblx no]],pblBOB y
HIDl<Hel1 KOpKH H3AenHH. B 30He YBJIa)I(HeID!R 3aroToBKH HaXO]J,!lTCH B Te-
'le e 2-5 MHHYT. TIocrre 30HbI YBJIa)I(HeHHH TeMneparypa cpeJ1,b1 nCKap-
HOll KaMepbJ J1,on)I(Ha 6bITb rrOBblilleHa, rJ1,e :no B03MO)I(H0, B 'laCTHOCTH,
B ne nxC-25 oM - Ha 3TOM Y'lacTI<e TeMIlepaTYPY nOMep)l(lIBalOT B npe-
AeJIax 160-1800 C; B ne'ill EH-50 - B 3TOM 30He TeMrreparypa HeCKonbKO
Bblille 200-220 C. BpeMH npe6bIBaHHH H3J1,enHM B :3TOH 30He COCTaBnHeT
OKono 20% OT 06 eH npoJ1,On)I(HTenbHOCTH BbIlle'lKH. OCTaJIbHaR 'laCTb
Bbme'IKH npoHcxo]J,HT npH TOM )l(e mill 60nee HH3KOH TeMIlepaType.
J],nR rpe6eIllI<OBblX H3AenHH (ropoAcKHe 6ynKH, naJIHlilllla 11 AP.) pe-
KOMeH]J,yeTcH C03J1,aBaTb B 30He YBna)I(HeHIDI TeMIlepaTypy 150-160°C. Cpa-
3Y noc.TIe nOCa]J,KH 3aroToBoK Ha noJ1, (3a 1-2 MHH J1,0 30Hbl YBna)I(HeHHH)
oCyIl\eCTBJIHIOT HHTeHCHBHblM nOABOJ1, :rerrna CHH3Y. TIp0J1,On)I(HTenbHOCTb
npe6blBaHHR 3aroTOBoK B 3TOH 30He 5 -7 MHH.
CA06Jll'le H3J1,enHH BbmeKalOT '!a.llte Bcero Ha nHcrax npH TeIYmepaType
200-220 C. CJIOeHbJe H3AenIDI BbmeKalOT npH 60JIee BblCOKOH TeMIlepa-
Type, 'leM APyme BHW>I cA06bl (260-270° C), 'lT06bl npeAoTBparnTb BblTe-
KaHHe Macrr a.
Pe)I(HM BbIlle'lKH KIDKJJ;Oro BH,ga H3J1,enIDi HMeeT CBOH oc06eHHocTII.
Ha Hero BlIHHIOT cl>H3WIecKHe CBOMCTBa reCTa, CTeneHb paCCTOHKH 3arOTOBOK
Bbme'll<a - 3aKJ1IO'lli:renbHaH CTa]J,H.H rrpm-OTOBneHID! xne6Hblx H3J1,enHH,
OKOH'laTenbHO cl>opMl1pyroIUaJi llX Ka'leCTBO. B rrpollecce BbIlle'll<:H B1IYTPH
TeCTOBOH 3arOTOBKH rrpoI1CXO]J,!lT HHTeHCHBHble TeID1Ocl>H3H'leCKHe, 6HOXHMl1-
'leCKHe, MHKpo6HonOrH'leCKHe If KOJIJIOHp;HhJe npolleCCbl, B pe3ynbTaTe KO'
TOpblX 06pa3yeTcH 3JIaCrn'llibIH, CYXOH Ha 01I(yITh M!lKI1Ill, HaKaIDlliBalOTCH
Cnelll1cl>I1'leCKHe B!<:YCOBbJe H apoMaTWIeCKHe Be eCTBa, cl>opMl1PyeTcH
xapaKTepHaH oKpacKa H TOJIIUHHa KOpKH. COKpa eHl1e rrpoAOn)I(HTenb-
Hocm Bbme'IKH rrpHBO]J,l1T He :ronbKO K YXYJ1,IlICHHIO apoMaTa H3}J;enHH,
K Hcp;oneKaHHlO M!lKHlilll xne6a, HO H K YCKopeHHIO npollecca ero 'lepCT-
BemlR. YcrrOBlUl BbIIIe'lKH OKa3bIBalOT cy ecTBeHHoe B.lTIUIHHe Ha npo-
lleCCbJ, npollCXOJl.fllWie B TeCTOBOH 3arOTOBKe.
EbJCTpoTa nporpeBa TeCTOBOH 3arOTOBKH, a crreJ1,OBaTenbHO H npop;on-
)JiliTeJlbHOCTb BbIlIe'll<H, 3aBHCHT OT pHAa cl>aKTOPOB. TIoBbIIlleHHe TeMIlepa-
TypbJ B neKapHOH KaMepe B onpeJ1,eneHHbJX npeAenax YCKopHeT nporpen
TeCTOBbJX 3arOTOBOK, 'ITO rrpHBO]J,l1T K COKPa.Illemuo rrpoJ1,OmKHTeJIbHOCrn
BblITe'lKH. TecTO BblCOKOH BJIIDKHOCrn H rropHcTocrn rrporpeBaeTcH 6bICT-
pee, 'leM IDIOTHOe TeCTO C HH3KOH BJla)I(HOCTbIO. TecTOBble 3arOTOBKH 3Ha-
'lliTenbIIOH TOJI1I(HHbJ H MaCCbl npH rrpoJillX paBHbJX ycrrOBHRX nporpeBalOT-
CH 60nee ArmTenbHoe BpeMR. cDopMoBbIe H3AeJIHH BbmeKalOTCH MeJ],JIeH-
Hee, 1JeM nOJ1,OBbIe TOro )l(e copTa. IInOTHaH rrOca)J.Ka TeCTOBblX 3arOTOBOK
Ha nop; ne'lli rrplIBoAuT K YBenH'leHJIlO npoJ1,oJ!>lGilenbHOCrn BbIlle'lKH.
B nepBbIH nepHOJ1, Bbme'IKH npoHcXO]J,l1T YBenH'leHHe 061>eMa TeCTOBblX
3arOTOBOK. CTeneHb YBenH'leHIDI ofueMa 3aBHCHT OT COCTOHHIUI TeCTa,
cnoco6a nOCa,r:J:KH 3arOTOBOI<: Ha nOA rre'lli, pe)!(HMa BbIlle'IKH HAP. cl>aK-
TOpoB. ).XOCTaTO!lHO BblCOKaH TeMIlepa:rypa nO}J;a (OI<:ono 200°C) H xopoillee
YBna)I(HeHHe B nepBoH 30 He ne'ill cnOC06CTBYlOT rrOBblIlleHHIO ofueMa
TeCToBOH 3arOTOBKH. TIpH noca]J,Ke HX Ha xOnOAHbIH nOA npoHCXO]J,HT
pacIDIbIBalllie H3}J;enIDi 11 YMeHbIlleHHe HX 06"beMa.
Bce H3J1,enHH BbmeKalOT IIPH nepeMeHHOM pe)JGIMe. Pe)JGIM BbIIIe'lI<:H B
onpep;eneHHOH CTeneHH 3aBHCHT OT oc06eHliOCTeH BblIIeKaeMoro copTa.
P)I(aHoii cl>OpMOBOH xne6 BbIlleKalOT B HeyBna)I(HeHHOH neKapHOH KaMe-
pe. TeMnepaTYPy nepBOH 30HbI ne'lH )J(enaTenbHO nOBbICHTb J1,0 260-280° C,
a BO BTOpOH - CHH3HTh AO 200-190° C. TIepe}J; BbIeMKOH H3 ne'lH nOBepx-
HOCTb xne6a peKOMeHJ1,yeTcH onpbICKHBaTb BOAOH, 'ITO ynY'llllaeT BHell.llIHH
BH,g 113}J;enHH, CHID!<aeT yneK H ycyun<y.
TIpH Bbme'lKe HeKoTopbIX nOAOBbIX COP'J;OB p)l(aHOrO H p)l(aHO-nIlleHH'I-
Horo XJ1e6a rrpoH3BO]J,!lT IIpeABapHTenbHyro 06)1(apKY TeCTOBblX 3aroTOBOI<:
npl1 320-350° C B Te'leHHe 4-5 MHH C nocrreJl.YIOIlUIM AoneKaHHeM npH
TeMneparype OKono 230° C. 06)1(apKa xne6a MO)l(eT 6bITb 3aMeHeHa BbI-
ne'IKOH rrpH 06bl'lHOH TeMIleparype, HO C paCKJ1a}J.KOH H3J1,enHH Ha 6onbilloM
paCCTOJIHlliI Apyr OT Apyra.
cDopMoBoH XJ1e6 H3 runeHH'lHOH MyKH BblITeKalOT npl1 He3Ha'lI1TenbHOM
YBJ!IDI<HeHllil neKapHoH KaMepbl B nepBoH 30He rre'lli. B 3TOT nepHoA 3aro-
128
5 3aK. 1116
129
H .L\pyrHe cl>aKTOpbl. TaK, 3arOTOBKH H3 CJIa6oro reCTa ID1H rron}"lHBllIHe
AITHTenbHyro paccTOftKy BbIlTeKalOT rrpH 60nee BblCOKOH TeMlIepaType,
'lT06bl rrpe.L\yrrpe.L\HTb paClUIblBamie H3.L\enHM. 113.L\eJlHJI H3 He.L\OBbI6po>KeH-
Horo TeCTa BbmeKaJOT rrpH 60nee HH3KOH TeMlIepaType, a BpeMH Bbme'IKH
ynenH'lHBalOT. 113.L\enHJI C 60nbIllliM CO.L\ep>KaHHeM caxapa BbIlTeKalOT npH
rrOHH>KeHHOH TeMlIepaType B Te'leHHe 60nee jJ)IHTenbHoro BpeMeHH.
,il)IJI Bbme'IKH cl>OpMOBbIX COpTOB XJIe6a Hcrronb3yroT npeHMyllteCTBeHHO
rre'll! <I>Tn-2 C pa3JIH'llibIM 'illCJIOM pa60'lHX nIOJleK, <I>Tn-20, 1II2-XI1A-
16(25), Xnn-25, XI1A-40, f4-XI1n-25 (16), AUX H .L\p. Ha rre'laX <I>Tn-2,
<I>Tn-20, 1II2-XIIA-16 (25), f4-XI1n-25 (16) (10) H HeKoTopbIX .L\pyrHx'
nIOJle'll!O-rrO.z:\l{KOBbIX neqax BbmeKalOT TaK>Ke rrO.L\OBble copTa xne6a,
6ynO'll!ble H C.L\06Hble H3.L\enHJI. B TOHHenbHbIX rre'lax C CeT'laTblM rrO.L\OM
nxC-25M, XnC-40, EH-25, EH-50, nIIl.{-238, nIIl.{-250, f4-IIX3C-25 Bbme-
KalOT B OCHOBHOM rrO.L\OBble copTa xne6a, 6ynO'IHble H C.L\06Hble H3.L\enHJI.
Bbme'lKa B 3THX IIeqax cl>opMoBoro XJIe6a rrpliBO.L\HT K CHH>KeHHlO HX rrpo-
H3BOp;HTenbHOCIH H npe>K,I:J;eBpeMeHHoM)' H3HOCy.
npo.L\on>KHTenbHOCTh BbIlTeqKH Ka>K,I:J;oro BH,IJ;a'H3Jj;enHJI yCTaH3BnliBaeTCJI
Ha rrpe.L\rrpIDITHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KOHCTPYKIUfH ne1Jeu H HX TeXHH'!eCKoro
COCTOJIHIDI. OpHeHIHpoBO'IHble .L\aHHble no pa3Mernemuo OCHOBHbIX COpTOB
H3.[\eJlHH Ha rr0.L\Y H BpeMeHH HX Bbme'lKH rrpliBe.L\eHbI B ram. 55.
KOIlli1lCCT- Cpe}J.HRJI npo-
Macca H3- B ° H3ACIIliH AOTI)I(HTClIb-
HaHMCHOBaKlIC1I3ACTIHH 1J;eJ1HH. !ill mOlIbKC HOCTb BbmC'l-
KI' (nOAY) Kif, MHHYT
XncG YKpaHHCKHn HOB bIn H3 CMeClI MYKH 0,95 24 58
p)I(aHoit oGl1HpHoit 11 nweHlI'IHOn II cop-
Ta, q,OpMODOn 1,0 8 50
To)I(C nOAoDbIit, KpymbIfi 0,89 10 49
To )l(C IIO,o;ODbIil, OBaJ1bHbln
XncG nlliCIIH1IHbIH 113 060nHOll MYKII, q,op- 1.0 24 60
MODOit 54
XncG nillCHlI'nIblfi H3 MYKH II COPTa, q,op- 0,75 24
MOBOn 45
XncG nIllCHI1'IHblrl 113 MYKI1 II copTa, nono- 0,84 8
Bblit, KPymbIit 50
XJlcG nWCHH'IHbifi 113 MYKH I copTa, q,OpMO- 1,0 24
Boit 0,83 8 40
To )l(C nonoDblil, Kpymblrl
Xnc6 nIllCH1111IIbin 113 MYKH BbICillcro COpTa, 1,0 24 50
q,OpMODOll 0,8 8 40
To )l(e nonODblil, Kpymbln
EaTOH npoCTOn H3 MYKH nlI1CHI1'IHOrl I 0,5 10 22
copTa
EaTOH H3pC3HOn 113 nIllCHl1'1HOn MYKH I 0.4 12 21
co pTa
EYJlKa roponCK35I H3 mllCHl1'1HOn MYKI1 I 0,2 24 19
COpTa
EaTOH CTOJlOBLlfi H3 nweHH'lHOn MYKI1 0,3 14 20
BLICWCro copTa
CnoGa BbI60prCK35I 113 nIllCHI1'IHOn MYKI1 0,1 28 15
BbIcwcro copTa
Ta6J1l1ua 55
CPC)1HJIJI npOAOJDKHTCJlbHOCTb BbmC'IKH H KOnH'IeCTBO H3AeJIHH
Ha nOAY XlIC60neKapHbIX nC'leH
HaHMCHOBaHHC H3JJ;CJ1HH
Macca H3.
AeJIHH,
KI'
K01IlftICCT-
BO H3AeJIHH
Ha TII01IbKe
(noAY)
CPC}J.HRJI npo-
AOlI)I(HTCJIb-
HOCTb BbInC'l-
KH, MHHYT
X!lc60neKapHLrC nC'!H C TynHKOBOH KaMcpoH MapoK IIITfl-2-66,
xnIl-25, 11-104, IIIIIK C lIIOJlbKaMlI pa3MepOM 1920X350 MM
Xnc6 P)l(aHoit npocToil H3 ooonHoli MYKI1 J,O 24 60
q,oPMoaoli
To )l(e 0,83 24 58
XncG P)l(aHOllIf3 06.IJ,HpHOli MyKYI, q,OPMOBOil 1,0 24 60
To )l(e 0,83 24 58
XncG )!(lITHbIII1I3 06AHPHOil MYKII. <pOPMOBOil 0,9 24 60
To )I(C IIOAOBbIfi KpyrJlbIll 0,9 8 57
Xnc6 p)I(3HO-IIIllCHI1'IHblfi IIpoCTOll1l3 CMCCH 1,0 24 60
MYKI1 P)l(alloilll IIlI1CHI1'IHoli oOOIiHoil, q,op-
MOBOII
To )I(C 0,83 24 58
XncG 6opOn11HcKHII1I3 CMCCII MYKI1 P)l(aHOll 1,0 24 62
060rmoll H nlI1CHlI'lHofi II COPTa, <pOPMOBOll
To )l(C 0,78 24 60
Xnc6 YKpaHHcKl111 113 CMCCH MYKII p)l(aHOll 1,0 24 S9
06,o;11pHOn 11 nrnCHI1'IHOll oOOllHon, $OpMO-
Boil
To )l(C nOAoBbIIi KPYI11 bIll 0,78 8 50
130
Xnc60ncKapHbIC nC'!lI C npoxoJ1l/Oii nCKapHOH KaMcpOH
c O)1HOHHTO'IHbiM KOHBCiicpOM MapKlI nxC-25M
H E8-25 C pa3MCpaMH no,o;a 2,1 X12,0 M
XncG )l(HTHbIll 113 p)l(aHOll oGAlfpHon MYKH,
nonOBbln, Kpyl11bIn
0,9
8X46
57
Xne6 YKpallHCK11il1l3 CMCCI1 MYKI1 p)l(aHOn
06,o;11pHOn H nrnCHlI'lHOn 060llHOn, nonOBbifi.
Kpyrnblll
Xne6 YKpallHCKHn HOBbIA H3 CMCCII MYKH
p)l(aHOll 06nHpHoli H nrncHH1IHoli1I cop-
Ta, nOP;OBbIlI, Kpyrnblll
To )l(e, OBaJ1bHbIA
0.78
8X47
50
1,0
8X45
50
0,89
8X46
49
S.
131
Pa3JJ;en S
KOnH'ICCT- CpCAHflR npo.
Macca H3- DO U3.P.em1l1 ,n,on>KUTenb-
HaHMCHOBaHne 1I3Acnn" enHii, H3 nlOJIbKC HOCTh Bbme'l-
Kr (nOAY) KH, MHHYT
Xnc6 113 nIllCIUl'lHOH MYKI1 II copTa no,o;o- 0,84 8x45 45
Bbli1,I<pyrnbli1
Xne6 113 nlI1CHl1tUlOt! MYKII I COpTa no,o;oBbIll, 1,0 10 X31 42
o BaJIhHbli'1
To )KC Kpyrnblt! 1,0 8x44 42
EaToH npocToi1113 MYKH I1111CHll t IHOll I 0,5 6X70 22
COpTa
EaToIIHapc3HoH H3 nlllCHII'-IIIOH MYKII I 0,4 6x70 21
co pTa
EYJlKa rop0JJ.CI<aR 113 11l1lCHH'-IIIOH MYKH 1 0,2 9 X 107 19
copTa
EaTOIIHapC3HOH 113 1Il1lCIIH'UIOil MYKII DhIC- 0,5 6x70 22
lI1cro co pm
EaToH CTOJIOBhlll 113 nIlJCIIII'-IHOH MYI(H BhIC- 0,3 6X79 20
Illcro copTa
Eym<a CJJ.06HaH 113 I111iCIIII'-II101i MYKII BbIC- 0,1 18X3x38 30
IllCI'O copTa
nPOM3BO.D:CTBO OT,lJ,EnbHblX COPTOB xnEBA
M XJIEBOBynOQHbIX M3,lJ,EnMH
5.1. npOH3BO.aCTBO XJ1EEA H3 p>KAHOA
H CMECH PiKAHOA H nlIIEHH'IHOfi MYKH
CB )J,emUl no nCtlaM )J,pynlx MapoK 11 60ncc Wl1poKOMY acCOpTI1MCHTY 1f3)J,e-
nl1 nplillcgcHbI B I1HCTpYI<Ium no paC1JCTY npolf3BogcTBCHHblX MO HOCTCH
gCI1CTBYw npe)J;IIplliITllii xnc60neKapHoH npoMbIlIDIeHHOCTII 11 n;exoB
n\JJ.I1pHJlTlrn JJ.pyrl1x OT aCJIeH, Bblpa6aThlBaIO IfX xne6 11 xne606yno1JHbIe
1f3,QemlH, ymcp)!{,QeHHol1 Ml1IilfcrcpcTBOM nlf eBoH npoMbllIDIeHHOCTII
23.12.85 r
B HaCTOH eM pa3gene npeJJ.cTaBneHbl TeXHOnOrl1 t IeCKI1C IfHCTPYKIJ;I1I1
Ha copTa xne6a, Bblpa6aTbIBaeMhle no 061l1eCOI03HoH gOKYMeHTaIJ;l1If: fOCT
2077 -84, fOCT 26983-86, fOCT 26984-86, fOCT 26985-86, OCT
18-448-85, TY 8-2245-87, pen;emypa KOTOphlX npeAcTaBneHa B Ta6n. 56.
TIplfroToBneHlle 3aKBaCOK B pa3BogO'lHOM IJ;I1Kne np0l13BOAHT OgHliM
1f3 TI1n1l3lfpOBaHHhlx cnoc060B, KaK OllilcaHO paHce.
Maccy TeCTOBhIX 3arOTOBOK onpegenJlwT IfcxogJl 1f3 YCTaHOBneHHOH
MaCChi fOTOBoro xne6a C }"!eTOM BenWlliHhl yneKa B ne'll! II YCYWKI1 nplf
XpaHeHllli.
TIpl1 Bhlpa60TKe xne6a «!JopMOBoro I1CnOnI>3YWT «!JOpMhI no fOCT
17327 -77, CMa3aHHbIe pacTliTenbHblM MacnOM, 3MynhcI1eH Ifnl1 nOKpbITble
nonlfMepaMI1.
Xne6 pmaHoif npocToif
Xne6 pmaHOH npocTOH Bblpa6aTbIBaWT 113 MYKll pmaHOH 060HHOH «!Jop-
MOBblM II nogoBblM, BeCOBblM If lIlry'llIbIM. Macca xne6a nogoBoro If «!Jop-
MOB oro BeCOBoro He 60nee 3,0 Kr; nogoBoro If «!JopMoBoro II1T}"IHoro -
0,73-1,54 Kr.
TIOgOBblM xne6 If MeeT Kpyrnyro, OBaJIbHYW I1nl1 npOgOnroBaTO-OBaJIbHYIO
4>OPMY. TIplfMepHble pa3MepbI xne6a nop;OBoro npOgOnroBaTO-OBaJIbHOM
«!JOPMbl MaccoH 1,0 Kr: gnHHa 25-27 CM, IIDIplfHa 15-17 CM.
TecTo WIH xne6a pmaHoro npocToro npegnO'lTlfTenbHo rOTOBHTb Ha ryc-
TOH 3aKBacKe, cogepma eH 25-40% MYKll, C 6pomeHHeM B Te'leHlle
70-160 MHH, HJIH Ha ,,6onbIIloH" rYCToH 3aKBaCKe, cogepma eM 45-60%
M)'KH, C 6pomeHHeM B Te'leHHe 30-60 MHH.
TIpon;ecc npHrOTOBJIeHllJl TeCTa COCTOHT H3 ABYX CTagHH: npOH3BOP;CTBeH-
HaH 3aKBaCKa H TeCTO (Ta6n. 57).
133
l' a G JI H U a 56
Pellemypa (Ha 100 Kr M)'KH) X1Ic6a H3 p)I(aHoii OGoHHOii, 06AHPHOit,
CC5IHOH H CMCCII pa3IIbIX COpTOB p)I(aHoii H nwcHH'llioii MfKH
MYKa p>KaHaH MYKa nmeHH'lHaJI
xne60neKapHaJI xne60nCKapHaH
COpT xncGa rOCT, OCT, 060"' 06- ceH- 060H- II I BhIC-
TY HaH AIip- HaH HaH COp- Cop- mero
Haft Ta Ta copTa
ConoA p>KaHOH ,l].P°>K- COJIb Caxap ChlBopoTKa
)KH xne. nOBa. naTO- MonO'lHaR
lJIep- He.pep- 60ne- peH- Ka TI\I1il1 KopH-
MeHTH- MeHTH- KapHhle HaH ne. CbI- palJlH- aHAP HaTY- cY-
pOBaH- pOB311- npecco- mUl e. COK peu 1I3nHaft panh- X3H
Hhm IIbm BaHHbIe B3H H3H
XncG p)l(aIlOn IIpOCTOn fOCT 2077-84 100 0,05 1,5
XncG p)I(aHoil 3aBap- To )l(e 95 5,0 0,05 1,5 0,1
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oOOilHWI, Kr
3aBapI<a (1 :2,5), I<r 9
LlpO)l()I(II npCCCOBaIITlhJC 0,05 0,05 0,05
XJlC60nCKapHble, I<r*
COJIb nOBapeIfiIWI ITHIllt7 1,5 1,5 1,5
BWI,Kr
BOAa,Kr 17 no pac- 25,S 110 pac- 21,S no pac-
1ICTy 1ICTY 1ICTY
BJlIDKHOCTb, % 48-50 He OOnee 69-75 HC Goncc 79-85 HC Gonec
W xrr + WXJI+ WXJI+
+(0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0)
..
145
Pacxon CbIpbJI II napaMeTpbI npO eCCB
npllI'OTOBrreHlIJI TeCTa Ha 3aKBBCKe
H8HMeHOBBHlle CbIpbJI, )KlfAKon
norrY<PB6pIlKBTOB II rycTOn )Kl!AKOll
nOK83BTerrell npo eCC8 6e3 3BBBPKlI C 3BBBpKOll
38KB8CKBI TeCTO 3BKBaCKBI TeCTO 3BKBBCKBI TeCTO
npOllon)l(CHlIe Ta6J1. 63
l' a 6 n II U a 64
PCl\CnTYpa If pe)l(HM ITpllrOTOBneHlIJI TCCTa ,o;nJl xJlcGa
pmaHO-nlI1CHH'IHOI'O 3aBapHOI'O Ha I'ycToii 3aKBaCKC
HBHMeHOBBHHe CbIpbJI, norrY<PB6pIlKBTOB
II nOKB38Terren npo ecc8
PBCxOn CblpbH H
nBpBMeTpbI npo eccB
TeMnCpaTYpa Ha'laJIbHWI, 0 C 25-28
np0l10Jl)l(I!TCJlLHOCTb 6po- 150-210
)l(eHHH, MHH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHWI, 13-16
rpa,I\
28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 29-31
40-60 180-240 60-90 180-300 90-120
3BBBpKB
OC8XBpeHHBn
TeCTO
9-13
10-13 9-13
9-12
9-13
3aKBaCKa rYCTM, Kr 11 43
MYKa B 3aKBaCKC Ha TeCTO, Kr 25
MYKa p)l(aJio-ITrnCHII'IHWI 060HHM, Kr 10 19 60
COJloll p)l(aIlOfi q,CpMCHTlIpOBaHHblfi, Kr 5
3aaapKa ocaxapeHHM Kr 53
,[{P0)l()I(l! XJlC60neKapHble IIpeCCOBaHHbIC, Kr* 0,05
Conb nOBapeHHWI muueBM, Kr 1,5
BOlla, Kr 38 13 no pac'IeTy
Bna)l(HOCTh, % 74- 76 48-50 He GOJlce
W X1l +
+(0,5-1,0)
TeMlIepaTYpa Ha'laJILHWI, 0 C 63-65 25-28 28-30
npO,o;OJl)!(llTeJlLHOCTb ocaxaplIBaHlul, MHH 90-120
npOIlOJl)l(l!TCJIbHOCTb GpO)l(CHlIH, MHH 240- 300 60-90
KlIcnoTHOCTb KOHC'IHWI, rpa,I\ 12-16 9-13
* BHOCHT npll OCBC)I(eHHH 3aKBaCKYI CnOHTaHHoro 6P0)l(CHHH.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3,IJ;enbIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH,IJ;JIJI <l>opMoBoro XJIe-
6a YKna,lJ;bIBaIOT B <l>OPMbI, ,IJ;JIJI nO,IJ;OBOrO - B KpyrnbIe KacceTbI, nOKpbITbIe
TKaHblO, HJm Ha ,IJ;OCKH, nOCbInaHHbIe MYKOH, H HanpaBnJlIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIpO,IJ;OmKHTenbHOCTb paccToHKH 30-60 MIIH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H yenoBIIH paccToHKH.
rIpO,IJ;OmKHTenbHocTb BbIne'!KH XJIe6a MaCCOH 0,75 Kr - 48-53 MIIH,
MaccoH 1,0 Kr 55-60 MIDI npH TeMnepaType neKapHOH KaMepbI 200-240°C
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KOHCTPYKTHBHbIX oc06eHHOCTeH ne'IH If yenoBHH ee 3Kcn-
nyaTaU;HH.
Xne6 nepe,IJ; BbIeMKOH H3 ne'IH peKOMeH,IJ;yeTCJI onpbICKHBaTb BO,IJ;OH.
· BHOCHT npll OCBe)l(eHllll 3aKBaCKYI CnOHTaHHoro 6P0)l(CHlIJI.
Xne6 p>KaHO-nmeHH'IHLm sanapHOH
OcaxapeHHYIO 3aBapKY OXJIa)!(JJ,aIOT ,IJ;O 32-34°C H paCXO,IJ;yIOT Ha 3aMec
TeCTa, KOTopoe BbI6pa)KHBalOT ,IJ;O HaKOIDIeHHH KlfcnOTHOCTH 9-13 rpa,IJ;.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3,IJ;enbIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH YKna,lJ;bIBaIOT B
cl>OpMbl H HanpaBnHIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
rIp0,IJ;on)KHTenbHOCTb paccToHKH 45-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBHH paccToHKH..
TIp0,IJ;On)KHTenbHocTb Bbme'!KH xne6a MaCCOH 0,73 Kr 50-60 MIfH, Mac-
COH 1,0 Kr 60--:65 MIfH npH TeMnepaType 190-240°C B 3aBlfCHMOCTH OT
KOHCTPYKTlfBHblX oc06eHHoCTeH ne'!H H ycnoBHH ee 3KcIDIyaTa1l.lfu.
Xne6 npH BbIeMKe 1f3 ne'IH peKoMeH,IJ;yeTCJI onpbICKlfBaTb BO,IJ;OH.
Xne6 p)K3HO-mUeHH'lHbIH 3aBapHoH Bblpa6aTbIDaIOT cl>OpMOBbIM UITY'!-
HbIM MaCCOH 0,73-1,0 Kr H3 MYKH p)KaHOH 060HHOH If lIIlIeIIH'IHOH 060H-
HO", nony'!aeMblx B rOTOBO" CMeCH HnH pa3,IJ;enbHO, C ,IJ;06aBneHFleM p)f(aHO-
ro cl>epMeHTHpoBaHHoro cono,IJ;a.
TecTo n}"IlIIe rOTOBIfTb Ha rycTO" 3aKBaCKe (Ta6n. 64).
rIpH pa3,IJ;enbHOM nocTynneHIfH MYKH 3aBapKY rOTOBHT 1f3 nmeHH'!HO"
060RHO" MYJ<H H cono,IJ;a. .anH nplfroToBneHIiH 3aBapKH cono,IJ; H MYKY npH
nepeMemlfBaHHH 3aBapHBaIoT BO,IJ;OH, HMelOlIJ;eH TeMTIepaTYPY 95-97° C.
PeKOMeH,IJ;yeTcH qaCTb MYJ<H, u.nylIJ;eH Ha rrplfrOTOBneHHe 3aBapKH
(5-10%) ,IJ;JIH n}"IlIIero ocaxapHBaHHH KpaXMana BHOCIfTb B 3aBapKY B KOH-
°
u;e ee nplfTOTOBJIeHIDI npH TeMnepaType 63-65 C.
TIplfroToBneHHe 3aBapKIf MO)!(HO oCYlIJ;eCTBnHTb B 3aBapO'IHOM MaurnHe
X32M..300 H3 CMeCIf MYKH, ConO,IJ;a If BO,IJ;bl nporpeBaHHeM napoM B TeqeHHe
30-40 MIDI ,IJ;O TeMnepaTypbI +65° C C noene,IJ;YIOlIJ;HM ocaxapHBaHHeM
90-120 MIfH.
Xne6 lllIIeJIHIIHo-p)f(8HoA npoCToH
Xne6 nmeHIf'lHO-p)KaHOH npocToR BbIpa6aTblBalOT cl>opMOBbIM H no,IJ;O-
BbIM, BeCOBbIM H mT}"IHbIM H3 MYKH lIIlIeHIf'lHOH 060"HOH H P)f(aHOH 060H-
HOH B COOTHomeHHH 70 H 30, nonyqaeMblX B rOToBoH CMeCH HJ1H pa3neJIbHo.
146
141
fIpOP:OJDKHTenbHOCTb paccToHKH 35-58 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbl
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBHH paccToMKH.
fIpOAOn>KllTenbHOcTb Bbme'lKH XJIe6a MaCCOM 0,75 Kr 50-60 MHH H Mac-
COM 1,0 Kr 55-70 MHH B YBna)l(HeHHoM ne'lHOM KaMepe npH TeMnepaType
200-260°C B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KOHCTPYKTHBHbIX oco6eHHocTeH ne<rn H ycno-
Blm: ee 3KcnnyaTaIUill.
Xne6 nepep: BbleMKoM H3 ne'lH peKoMeHp:yeTcJI onpbICKHBaTb BOAOH.
Macca xrre6a nOAOBoro H opMoBoro BeCOBoro He 60nee 2,0 Kr, IIOP:OBO-
ro H opMoBoro lUTY'llioro 0,75-1,45 Kr.
fIOAOBbIM XJIe6 HMeeT Kpyrnyro Hnl1
fIpl:IMepHbIe pa3Mepbl nOcnCJ],Hero MaCCOM
12-17cM.
TecTo rOTOBJlT C npHMeHeIDIeM 3aKBaCOK rYCTOM, )l(H,I:J;KOM 6e3 3aBapKH
HnH C 3aBapKoM (Ta6n. 65).
fOToBoe TeCTO pa3AenbIBaIOT,
xJ1e6a YKnap:bIBaIOT B OpMbI, p:nn
npop:onrOBaTO-OBanbHbIC KacceTbl,
nOCbIIlaI-lHbIe MYKOH.
npop:onrOBaTO-OBaJIbHYIO OPMY
1,0 Kr: p:JIHHa 27-33 CM, lUHpHHa
TCCTOBblC 3arOTOBKH P:J1J1 OPMOBOro
nOAOBoro YKnap:bIBaIOT B Kpyrnble HnH
nOKpblTble TKaHbIO, HJ1H Ha P:OCKH,
Xne6 nwelDf1IHo-p)l(3lloii 33.BapHOii
Xnc6 IIlUeHH'lHO-p)l(aHOM 3aBapHOH BbIpa6aTbmaIOT OpMOBbIM IIIT}"lHbIM
MaCCOM 0,73-1,0 Kr C Hcnonb30BaHHeM p)l(aHoro epMeHTHpoBaHHoro cono-
Aa H MYKH nIlleHH'lHOM 060MHOM H P)l(aHOH 060MHOM, nonY'laeMhIX B rOTOBoH
CMeCH HnH pa3p:enbHo.
TecTo rOTOBJlT Ha rycToH 3aKBaCKe (Ta6n. 66). MO)l(HO npHrOTOBHTb
TeCTO Ha >Kll,IJ,KOH 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKOM HJIlI 6e3 3aBapKH B TPH CTap:HH
(3aBapKa, 3aKBaCKa, TecTO).
fIpH pa3AcnbHOM nOCTynnemlli MYKH 3aBapKY rOTOBJlT H3' IIIIICHI1'I-
HOM 060HHOM MYKH H conop:a nYTCM 3aBapHBaHllJl npH nepeMeIIDiBaHHH
T a 6 JI II II a 65
PCI.\CIT1ypa II pC>KIIM npllrOTOBJlCHHH TeCTa
MH XJlcGa nlI1CHlI'IIIO-p1KaHoro npoCToro Ha pa3HbIX 3aKBaCKax
PaCXOA CblpbJI Ii nBpBMeTpbI npoLlecCB npH
npMrOTOBrreHMlI TeCTa HB 3aKBBCKe
HmIMCHOBaHMe CbIpbR,
1l0rrY<Pa6pm,BTOB M rYCTOH )KMAKOH )KMAKOH
IIOKB3BTerren npOLlCCCB 6e3 3BBapKif C 3aBapIWH
3BKDacKaj TeCTO 3aKBaCKai TCCTO 33KBaCKal TeCTO
l' a G JI H II a 66
PCl.\cnTypa II PC)I(lIM npHrOTOBnCHH5I TCCTa
MH XJle6a nlI1CHH'IHO-p)l(aHoro 3aBapHoro Ha rYCTOH 38KBaCKC
3m<DaCKa, Kr 17 51 46 92 35,S 71
IYKa B 3aKBaCKe Ha TCCTO, 30 30 15
KI'
MYKa nlI1eHlI'IHO-p)l(aIIM 20 70 15 70 5 85
06oilHaH, Kr
3aaapKa (1 :2,5), Kr 9
llpo)l()I(lf XJlC60nCKapHblc 0,05 0,05 0,05
rrpcccoBaHHbIc*, 1,1'
COJIb nOBapCIIlIaH nHlI1CBaH, 1,5 1,5 1,5
I<r
BOAa, 1<1' 14 no pac- 31 no pac- 21,5 no pac-
'ICTY 'IeTY 'ICTY
BJla)l(HOCTh, % 48-50 HC 60Jlcc 69-75 HC OOJICC 79-85 HC 60Jlec
WXJ1+ WXJ1+ WXJ1+
+ (D,S-I,D) +(0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0)
TeMnCpaTypa Ha'laJIblIM, 0 C 25-28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 29-31
IIpoAon)l(lITeJlbHOCTh 6po- 180-240 60-90 180-240 60-90 180-300 90-120
>KCHlIH, MlIH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IIIaH, 13-16 8-12 10-13 8-12 10-13 8-12
rpap;
HBMMCHOBBHIie CbIpbH, norrY<PB6pHKBTOB
Ii nOKa3aTerreH npOLlecca
3aKBaCKa rYCTaH, Kr
MYKa B 3aKBaCKC Ha TeCTO, Kr
MYKa ITIllCHlI'IHO-p)l(aHlliI 060ilHaH, Kr
COJloA P)l(aI!oti q,epMcHTHpOBaIIHblfi, Kr
3aaapKa ocaxapeHHM, Kr
COJIb nOBapeHHaH IillUIeBaH, Kr
,npO)l()!(lI XJ1C60nCKapHbIe npCCCOBaIlHbIC*, Kr
BOAa, Kr
Bna)l(HOCTb, %
TCMnepaTypa Ha1laIIbHaH, 0 C
np0P;OJI)!(lITCJILHOCTb ocaxapllBaI!IUI, MlIH
npo,o;on)!(llTeJlbIIOCTb 6pO)l(eHIIJI, MIIH
KHCJIOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM, rpa,I\
.. BHOCHT npll OCBC)I(CHlilI 3aKBaCKlI cnoHTBHHoro 6po)l(cHliJI.
· BHOC5IT npll OCBe)l(eHl!lI 3aKBaCKYI CnOHTlHHoro 6po)l(eHlIJi.
'"
PacxoJ:\ CblpbJI Ii nBpBMeTpbl npOl.\eccB
38KB8C!(8
TeCTO
11
43
25
60
19
10
5
53
1,5
0,05
13
48-50
38
74-76
no paC'ICTY
HC 60JICC
WXJI+
+ (D,S-I,D)
28-30
25-28
63-68
90-120
240-300
13-16
60-90
8-12
BOP:OH C TeMnepaTypoH 95-97° C lUlH nyreM nporpeBaHIlH rrapoM B Te'leHl1e
30-40 MIlH p:o TeMrrepaTypbI 65° C.
PeKoMeHp:yeTCJI qaCTb MYK", IfP:Yll.\eH Ha nplfroToBnelllie 3aBapKH
(5-10%) ]J,JIH n}"lIllero ocaxapHBaHIfH KpaxMana BHOCIfTb B 3aBapKY B KOH-
ne ee npnrOTOBneHIfH rrpH TeMnepaType 65°C.
OcaxapeHHYIO 3aBapKY oxna)l(p:aIOT p:o 32_34° C If pacxoP:YIOT Ha 3aMec
TeCTa, KOTopoe BbI6pIDKlfBaIOT p:o KlfcnOTHOCTIf 8-12 rpa,n,.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3p:enbIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH YKnaP:bIBaIOT
B <pOpMbI H HanpaBnHIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
ITpOP:on)l(IfTenbHOCTb pacCToHKIf 40-60 MIfH B 3aBlfCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBIfH paccToHKIf.
ITpop:omKlfTenbHOCTb BbmeqKIf xne6a MaccoH 0,73 Kr 55-65 MIfH, Mac-
COH 1,0 Kr 60-70 MID! rrplf TeMrrepaType 190- 240° C B 3aBHCHMOCTIf OT
MapKIf ne'IH If ycnoBIfH ee 3KcIUIyaTaIUfIf.
Xne6 npH BbIeMKe 1f3 ne'IH peKoMeHp:yeTCJI orrpbICKIfBaTb BOP:OH.
Ta6J1l1ua 67
PCl\CnTypa H peH(I[M npllroToBncHHH TCCTa
.D.JIJI XJlcGa p>KaIlOI'O 06j:(lIpHOro Ha rycToH 3almaCKC
3aKBaCI<3 ryCTaJI, 1<1' 19 57 32 76,S
MYKa B 3aKDaCKC Ha TCCTO, Kr 33 45
MYKa p>KaIIaJI 06P.l1PHaJI, Kr 22 67 27 55
llpo)l()I(l! XJ1e60nCKapHbIc npeCCOBaH- 0,1 0,1
IIblC, 1<1'''
COJIb nODapeHHaJI ITHxueBM, Kr 1,5 1,5
BOAa, Kr 16 no paCqeTY 20 no paCqeTY
Bna)l(HOCTh, % 48-50 He 60Jlee 48-50 He Gonee
W XJI + W XJI +
+ (0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0)
TCMnCpaTypa Ha'llliIbHaJI, "C 25-28 28-30 25-28 28-30
npOnOmKJlTeJlbHOCTh 6PO)l(CHIIJI, MHH 180-240 75-100 150-210 40-60
KlI,CJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJI, rpaJJ; 12-14 .9-13 11-14 9-13
· BHocHT npll OCBe)l(eHIIll 3aKBaCI<1I CnOHTaIlHoro 6p0)l(cHlIJI.
HalfMCHOB3Hlte CbJpbH J
llony4>a6pliK3TOB Ii
1l0Ka38Tcneii Ilpouecca
Xne6 p)I(8Hoii H3 06AHPHOii MYI<H
Xne6 P)I(aHOH 1f3 06IJ,HpHOH MYKIf BbIpa6aTbIBaJOT <pOpMOBbIM H rro-
P:OBbIM, BeCOBbIM If IllT}"IHbIM. Macca xne6a nop:OBoro If <popMOBoro Beco-
BOro He 60nee 2,0 Kr, nop:OBoro If <pOpMoBOro IllT}"nIoro 0,75-1,45 Kr.
ITOP:OBbIH xne6 If MeeT npop:onrOBaTO-OBanbHYIO IfJm KpyrnyIO <pop-
MY. ITplfMepHbIC pa3Mepbl Kpyrnoro xne6a MaccoH 0,93 Kr: IJ,HaMeTp
17-19,5 CM, BblCOTa 7,0-8,5 CM.
TecTO MO)l(HO rOTOBIfTb Ha rycTOH (Ta6n. 67) Ifnlf )l(1fP:KOH 3aKBaCKax
(Ta6n. 68). ITpH pa60Te B 1-2 CMeHbl I1mf C nepepblBaMH no p:HHM Hep:enlf
TeCTO MO>KHO nplfrOTOBmITb Ha KMK3 C p:06aBneHlfeM nplf 3aMece TeCTa
npeccoBaHHblx (0,5-0,7%) IfJIH )I(}Ip:KIfX p:p0)l()KeH (10% B nepec'leTe Ha
MYKY) K o6ll.\efj Macce MYKIf Ha TecTO.
fO-;OBoe TeCTO pa3p:enblBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKIf ]J,JIH <popMOBoro
xne6a YKl1ap:bIBaIOT B <pOpMbl, ]J,JIH rrop:OBoro - B Kpyrnble KaCCeTbI, rrOKpbI'
TbIe TKalIblO, Hl1l1 Ha P:OCKH, nOCbIIlaHHbIe MYKOH, H HarrpaBnHIOT Ha pac-
CTOllKY.
ITpOP:omKI1TenbHOCTb paccToMKH 35-55 MIfH B 3aBHCl1MOCTIf OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK If ycnoBHH paccTollKIf.
ITpanomKHTenbHocTb BbIIleqKH <popMoBoro xne6a MaCCOH 0,83 Kr
35-55 MInI, nop:oBoro 35-50 MID!, MaccoH 1,0 Kr 35-60 MIfH rrpH TCMne-
paType 200-260°C B 3aBHCltMOCTI1 OT MapKH ne'llf H ycnoBI1H ee 3Kcn-
nyaTaru!l1.
PaCXO)]; CblpMI Ii napaMCTpbI npoueCC8
npn BlIecennn B TCCTO MYKlf C 38KBaCKoii, %
33
45
381(B3Cl<a! TeCTO
33KB8CKai TeCTO
T a 6 JI II U a 68
PcqcnTypa H pe>KHM npHroToBncHIIH TCCTa
AM XJlc6a P)l(JlJforo 06 pHOI'O Ha KIIX 3aKB3CKax
HallMeHOBaHlIe CbIpbH,
nony4>a6pllKaToB II
nOKa3aTeJIeii npouecca
3aKBaCI<a )!(H,o;KaJI, Kr
MYKa B 3aKBacI<c Ha TeCTo, KI'
MYKa P)l(aHaJI 06AHPHIIJI, Kr
3aaapKa, Kr
,[{P0)l()!(lI XJle60neKapHbIe npeCCOBaII-
Hble, 1<1'
Conb nOBapCIfiIIIJI IIIIWeJllUI, 1<1'
Bona, Kr
150
PaCXO)]; CbIpbH H napaMcTpbI npouecca
npnrOTOBJIeHlIJi TeCTa Ha 33KBaCKe
)KHAKoii 6e3 3aB8pKlI )KRAKOR C 33BapKOR
38KBaCKai TeCTO 3aKBaCKai TeCTO
38
76
25
75
35,S
71
15
85
13
5
9
0,1
0,1
25
1,5
no paC'leTY
21,S
1,5
no pac1IeTy
151
npOIJ.OJl)l(eHlIC Ta6J1. 68
l' 3 6 n H 11 a 69
HaUI\1CHOB8HHe CbIpb.H,
norry<pa6pHKBTOB II
nOKB3BTerreH np OI eCCB
PBCXOP; CbIpbJ! H napBMeTpbI npo ecca
npHI'OTOBrreHHH TeCTa HB 38KBBCKe
PCI.\CITTypa H pC2KHM npllI'OTOBnCHHJI TCCTa
'AM XJIc6a YKpallHCKOI'O Ha ryCTOH H )l(HJ\KHX 33KBacKax
3aKBaCKai TeCTO
38KB8CI<Sl TeCTO
PBCXOn CbIpbJl H napaMeTpbI npo eCC8
npllI'OTOBrreHHH TeCTa Ha 3aKBaCKe
HaHMeHOBBHHe CbIpbJ!,
nOJIy<pa6pllKaTOB H I'YCTOH xmp;KOH )KR):!,KOH
nOKa3aTenCH npo ccca 6e3 38BapKH C 38BapKOH
3aKBaCKai TeCTO 3aKBaCKai TeCTO 33KB8CK81 TeCTO
"mAKOH 6e3 38BapKH )KHnKOH C 3BBBpKOH
BJla)l(HOCTb, % 69-75 lie 60Jlec 79-85 He 60Jlee
W xn + W xrr +
+ (0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0)
TeMnepaTypa Ha'laJIbHaJI, 0 C 28-30 29-31 31-33 29-31
npOIJ.OJl)!(llTCJIbHOCT!. 6po)l(eHlIH, MIIH 180-240 90-120 180-300 120-180
KlICJ!OTHOCTb KOHC'IHWI, rpa,I\ 9-12 9-13 9-12 9-13
Xne6 YKpaHHCKHH
3aKBaCKa, Kr 19 57 30,5 61 35,5 71
MYKa B 3aKBaCKC Ha TCCTO, 33 20 15
Kr
MYKa P)l(aHM 0611HpHWI, * 22 47 10 40 5 45
Kr
MYKa nlI1CHlI'IHWI 060fi- 20 40 . 40
HWl*,Kr
3aB3pKa (1:2,5), Kr 9
,[ij>o)l()I(l! XJleGoneKapHble 0,05 0,05 0,05
npeccoBaHHblc**, Kr
Conb nOB8pCHHaJI ID!UICBM, 1,5 1.5 1,5
Kr
BO,o;8,Kr 16 no pac- 20,5 no pac- 21,5 no pac-
'lCTY 1IeTy 1IeTY
Bna)l(HoCTh, % 48-50 HC 60Jlcc 69-75 liC GOJlce 79-85 HC 60nce
W xn + W xn + W xn +
+(0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0)
TCMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbHWI, 0 C 25-28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 28-30
npO,o;omK!ITeJlbHOCTb 6po- 180-240 60-80 180-240 60-90 180-300 90-120
)l(CHlIJI, MHH
KnCJIOTHOC'I'b KOHe'IHBJI, *** 12-14 8-12 9-12 8-12 9-12 8-12
rpa,I\
Xne6 nepep: BbIeMKoH H3 ne'!H peKoMeHp:yeTcH onpblcKHBaTh BOp:OH.
Xne6 YKpaHHcKHH Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT H3 CMeCH MYKH p)KaHOH 06p:nPHOH
H nIlleHH'lHOH 060HHOH nop:oBbIM H OpMOBhIM, BeCOBbIM H IllT}"IHhIM.
Macca XJIe6a nop:oB ro BeCOBoro He 60nee 2,0 Kr, lluY'lHOrO nop:OBO-
ro H opMoBoro 0,75-1,0 Kr.
. llOP:OBbIH xne6 HMeeT KpyrnyIO HnM npop:onroBaTo-oBanbHYIO OPMY,
npHMepHbIe pa3MepbI nOCJ1ep:Hero MaccoH 1,0 Kr: p:.,'1HHa 26-28 CM, IllH-
pHHa 13-15 CM.
.D:onycKaeTCJI cnep:yIOIl!e COOTHOllleHHe P)KaHOH 06p:nPHOH H nllleHH'!-
HOH 060HHOH MyKH p:JIJI nop:OBoro TeCTa: 80:20,70:30,60:40, 50:50, 40:60,
30:70,20:80; p:JIJI cPopMoBoro: 80:20,70:30,60:40,50:50.
TecTo p:JIJI YKpaHHcKoro XJIe6a rO'toBJlT Ha 3aKBaCKax: rYCToii:, )KHP:KOR
6e3 3aBajJKH, >KH)J,KOM C 3aBapKOH HJIH Ha KMK3.
Peu:emypa Ii pe)KHM npHrOTOBneHHJI TeCTa C COOTHOllleHHeM MYKH
P)KaHOH 06p:nPHOM H nllleHH'lHOH 060HHOM 80:20 Ha rycTOH 3aKBaCKe H C
COOTHOllleHHeM MYKH 60:40 Ha )!(H)J,KHX 3aKBacKax IIpep:CTaBneHhI B Ta6n. 69.
* KOmI1IeCTBO BHOCHMOtt MYKII p)I(aI!Oil 0611Hplioii II mneHll'IHoil 06ofilioil Ha TeCTO
3aBlICHT OT COOTHOlI1CHII:H ec no pe eITType.
** Ha )I(l!)J;Koil 38KBaCKC C 3aBapKOfi APo)l()I(lI MO)I(HO He HCnOJIb30B3'l'b.
*** Mo»:CT 1I3MeH.lIThC.II B 3aBlICHMOCm OT COOTH0lI1eHIl51 MYKII p2KaIloit 0611HpHOtt II
llilIClIlI'IHofi 050fiHOtt no pCl\enTYpc. .
rOTOBoe TeCTO pa3nenLIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH nIDI opMOBoro
xne6a }'KJ1a,rJ;bIBaIOT B OpMbI, WU! nop:OBoro xne6a - B KpyrJIble KaCCeThI,
nOKpbITbIe TKaHb!O, HJ!H Ha P:OCKH, IIOCbmaHlihle MyKOH, H HanpaBJUlIOT Ha
pacCTOHKY.
llpop:omklITenbHOCTb paccTOHKH 35-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCm OT MaCChI
TeCTOBhIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBHM paCCTOHKH.
llepep: nocap:KOH B ne'lL TeCTOBI>Ie 3arOTOBKH MO)!(HO HaKanbIBaTb.
BHne'!KY H3p:eJ1HM npOH3BOWIT B YBna)J{JleHHOM neKapHOM KaMepe
IIPH te .mepaType 200-260° C.
153
flpop:omKHTCJJbHOCTb BbIIIC'IKH XJIc6a nOLLOBOrO MaccoM 0,83 Kr
35-45 MHH, OpMOBOrO 35-50 MHH, MaccoM 1,0 Kr nOP:OBOrO 35-55 MHH,
opMoBoro 35-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KOHCTPYKTHBHLIX oc06cHHocTcM
nc'IH H YCJJOBHH cc 3KCnJJyaTaU;HH.
Xne6 ncpcLL BblCMKOH H3 nc'IH pCKOMCH!JYCTCJ.I onpblCKMBaTb BOLLOH.
T a 6 JI II 1.\ a 70
PCI.\CnTypa II PC)I(l!M npnrOToBncHlIR TCCTa
MR xJlcGa YKpallHcKoro HOBoro Ha ryCTOH H )l(I!AKOH 3aKBaCKax
Xnc6 YKpaHHCKuH HOBblH
Pacxon CbIpbJI H nap8MeTpbI npOl.!eCC8
npHrOTOBrreHWI TeCTa H8 38KBaCKe
H8Hl\feH0138Hlle CbIpbJl,
norry.p86pHKaTOB Ii rYCTOll "'HAKOll "'HAKOll
nOK83aTerrell npOl.!eCca 6e3 38BapKH C 3aB8pKoii
381<B8CKSI TeCTO 38KB aCK8' TeCTO 38KB8CKSI TeCTO
Xnc6 YKpaHHCKHH HOBblH Bblpa6aThIBaIOT H3 CMCCH MYKM p)l(aHOH 06-
AHPHoii II nrnCHH'lliOH BToporo copTa nOLLOBb!M If opMoBbrM, IIITY'IHbIM
MaCCOM 0,70-1,25 KL
flO)]:OBbIH XJIc6 HMCCT KpyrrryIO MJJH npop:OJJrOBaTO-OBaJJbHYIO OPMY,
npHMcpHLIe pa3McpbI nOCJJCLLHcro: p:mfHa 26-28 CM, lIlMpHHa 13-15 CM.
.uonycKaCTCJ.I CJJCP:YIOIUce COOTHornCHHC MYKI1 p>KaHOM 06LLMpHOM H nlIlC-
HH'IHOM BTOporo copTa: 80:20, 60:40, 50:50,40:40.
TccTo rOTOBHT Ha 3aKBaCKax: rycTOH, )l(M,iJ,KOM 6C3 3aBapKM, )Imp:KoH
C 3aBapKoH MJJH Ha KMK3.
Pcu;cnTypa H PC)I(MM npMrOTOBJJCHMH TCCTa C COOTHOlIlCHMCM MYKH
p)l(aHOH 06AHPHOH M nlIlCHM'IHOH BToporo copTa 60:40 Ha rycTOH 3aKBaCKC
H C COOTHOrnCHMCM 80:20 Ha )l(MJJ:KMX 3aKBaCKax npcp:cTaBncHbl B Ta6n. 70;
C COOTHOrneHMCM 60:40 Ha KMK3 - B Ta6n. 71.
fOToBoe TeCTO pa3p:CJJbIBaIOT, TCCTOBblC 3arOTOBKH }J,JIH opMOBoro
XJIc6a YKJJa,!J;bIBaIOT B OpMbl, }J,JIH nop:OBoro - B KpyrJJblC KaCCCTbI, no-
KpbITbIC TKaHbIO, HJ1M Ha LLOCKM, nOCbmaHHbIC MYKOH, M HanpaBJJHIOT Ha pac-
CTOMKY.
flpop:on)l(MTCJJbHOCTb pacCToHKM 35-50 MMH }J,JIH M3LLCJJIfM MaccOM
0,8 Kr M 40-60 MHH p:JJH M3LLeJJHH MaCCOH 1,0 Kr.
BbIIIC'IKY npOM3BOLLJ.lT B }'BJJa)l(HCHHOH nCKapHoH KaMcpc npM TCMnc-
paTYpc 200-240° C.
flpOLLOJJ)I(MTCJJbHOCTb BbmC'IKM
35-45 MHH, opMoBoro 35-50 MHH;
OpMOBOrO 40-60 MMH.
xJJc6a MaCCOH 0,8 Kr nop:OBoro
MaCCOH 1,0 Kr nop:OBoro 40-55 MMH,
3aKlIaCKa, !{r 19 57 38 76 35,5 71
MYKa B 3aI(BaCKC Ha TecTO, 33 25 15
Kr
MYKa P)l(aHa5I 06AHpHaJI*, 22 27 13 55 S 65
1(1'
MYI(a nUlCHlI'IHM XJlc60- 40 20 20
neKapHM BTOpOro copTa,
Kr*
3aaapKa (1 :2,5) , !{r 9
.uP0)l()I(l! XJ1cGoncKapHbie D,S 0,5 0,5
IIpCCCOBaIlilbIC, !{r
Conb nOBapeHHa5I InUUC- 1.5 1.5 1,5
Ba5I, 1(1'
Boga, Kr 16 no pac. 25 no pac- 21,S no pac-
1ICTY 1ICTY 'leTY
BJla)l(HOCTI., % 48-50 lie 60Jlce 69-75 He 60Jlce 79-85 HC 60Jlec
WXJ1+ W xn + W xn +
+ (0,5 -1,0) + (D,S-I,D) :J- (D,S-I,D)
TCMncpaTypa lIa'1aJlblla5I, 25-28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 28-30
°c
npOAOJlJfCIfTCJl.bHOCTb 6po- 180-240 60-90 18D-240 60-90 IBO-300 90-120
)l(eH!UI, Mi!!l
KIICJlOTHOCTb KOr:CtUlBJI, 12-14 7-11 9-12 8-12 9-12 8-12
rpJ,1:\**
* KOITJo!'ICCTBO BHOCHMOll MYKJI p)l(aHoil 06AHPHOfi II mncH!I'IHofi II copTa npll 3aMCCC
TCCTa 3;:mIC!:!T OT npHWlTOro COOTHOlI1CRJUI no perrenTYpc
** MO:-KCT Jii3MeIl:IfbCJI B 3aBlIC!IMOCTH OT COOTHOlI1eHlIH MYKII p)l(aHoil 06nnpHoil II
nlI1CIHi'IHofi II copTa.
154
155
Ta6nllua 71
Ta6J1IIua 72
Pcucmypa H pe)!(llM npllrOTOBnCHIUI TCCTa
AM XJlc6a YKpallHCKOrO HOBOro Ha KMK3
PcucnTypa H PC)KHM npllroToBncHlIfl TCCTa
)1JIH XJlc6a OpJlOBCKOro Ha rYCTOH II )l(lIp;Knx 3aKBaCKax
BABe CTannn
KMK3 I TeCTO
B TP II CTannll
KMK3 I onapa I TeCTO
PaCXOA CbIpMI n napaMeTpbI npo ecca
HamvleHOBaHne CbIpbJl, npnrOTOBrreHllJl TeCTa Ha 3aKBaCKax
norry<pa6pm<aTOB n rYCTOR )KnAKOR iKHAI<OH
TIOI<a3aTerreH npoLleCC8 6e3 3aBapI<n C 3aBapI<OH
38KBaCKai TeCTO 381<B8CKai TeCTO 3aKB8CI(af TeCTO
HallMeHOBaIille CblpbJl,
norryl»a6pllKaTOB II
nOKa3aTeneiI npo ecca
PacxoA CbIpbH II napaMCTpbI npo ecca
npllrOTOBneHllR TeCTa
KMK3, Kr 3 29 1,5 14,5
MYKa B KMK3 Ha TCCTO 1IJ111 10 5
onapy, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHa5I 06AlipHa5I, Kr* 9 50 4,5 55
MYKa IIDICIIlI'IHa5I XJlcGoncKap- 40 40
Jia5I BTOpOX:<> copTa, Kr*
Onapa, Kr BCH
nrO)l()I(lI XJleGoneKapJibIC npcc- 0,5-0,7 0,5 -0,6
CQBaHJibIe, Kr**
Coro. nOBapeHHa5I ITHIaeBa5I, Kr 1,5 1,5
BOlla, Kr 17 no pac1IeTY 8,5 52 no paC'ICTY
Bna)!(llOCTb, % 69-71 He 60nee 69- 71 59 -61 He GOJlee
WXJ'I+ WXJ'I+
+ (0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0)
TeMnepaTypa Ha1laJ1bHaJ!, 0 C 38-41 30-32 38-41 28-30 29-31
npOAOmKIITCJlbHOCTb 6po)l(e- 480-720 120-180 480-720150-180 60-90
HKR,MIIH
KHcJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHM, rpaA 18-22 8-11 18-22 8-10 8-11
Xne6 opnoBCKmt
3aKBaCKa, Kr 17 51 38 76 35,S 71
MYI<a B 3aKBaCKC Ha 30 25 15
TCCTO, Kr
MYKa p)l(amlJI 06AliP- 20 40 13 45 5 55
HaJJ, Kr
MYKa nllICIIH'lHa51 XJlC- 30 30 30
60nCKapHa5I BToporo
copTa, Kr
3aBapKa, Kr 9
.IIPO)l()I(H XIIe60ncKap- 0,1 0,1 0,1
HbIC npcccoBaHHbIe, Kr*
COJIb nOB apCIIHa5I IIHXUC- 1,5 1,5 1,5
BWI, Kr
naToKa, Kr 6 6 6
Bona, Kr 14 no pac- 25 no pae- 21,S ITO pac-
'IeTY 'leTY '!Cry
BJla)l(HocTb, % 48-50 He 60Jlcc 69- 75 He 60nec 79 -85 lIe GOJIce
W xrr + W xrr + \V xn +
TCMnepaTypa Ha'laJ1bHM + (0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0) + (0,5 -1,0)
°c ' 25-28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 29 u 31
nP0J;\OlI)I(l!TeJlbHOCTb Bpo- 180-240 60-90 180-240 60-90 180-300 90--120
)l(CHlIH,MIIH
KHCJlOTHOCTb KOlle'IHa5I, 12-14 8-11 9-12 8-11 9-12 8-11
rpap;
* BROCHT npn OCBC)I(cmm rycToil 3aKBaCKYI CIIOHTaIIHOro 6P0)l(CHlIH.
* I13MeHHeTc5I B 3aBHCHMOCTII o;r COOTROlI1eHHJ! P)l(aHoi! II nIllellll'IHofi MYKlI no pe-
l\enTVpe.
** .llolIycKaeTcH npllMCHJITb )!(lIAKYlC I1P0)I()I(H (10% MYKOn) , npll 3TOM C KMK3 BROCHT
He 10%, a 5% MfKYI B TeCTO,
Xne6 nepeA BbIeMKoH R3 ne<rn peKOMeHA)'eTCH OnpbICKRBaTb BOAOH.
Xne6 opnOBCKHH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT R3 CMeCR MYKR p)\(aHOH 06IJ.HpHOH
R mueIDI'lHOH BTOpOrO COpTa nOAOBbIM R qmpMOBbIM lllT}"llIbIM MaCCOH
0,7-1,0 Kr.
IToAOBbIH XJIe6 HMeeT npOAonrOBaTO-OBaJIbH)'1O MlIR KpyrnylO cl>OPMY.
TeCTO rOTOBstT En 3aKB!!.CKax: rYCTon, }KHLI}:';] 00:3 33F3PKR, )!Gm.KO!f
C 38BapKOH (1a('11 ';". ',.., ,:a K1\-HC' (-ra;:;'I. "7 -;
'1' a 6 JI II U a 73
xne6noAMoCKOBHL
PeltCnTypa H pCJKIIM npHrOTOBnCHHH TeCTa
P;JlH xne6a OpJlOBCKOrO Ha KMK3
KMK3 I onapa I
TeCTO
Xne6 nOp;MOCKOBHbIH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT H3 CMeCH MYKH P)l(aHOH o6P.Hp-
HOH H mUeHH'IHOH BTOpOrO copTa cl>OpMOBbIM MaccoM 0,75-1,0 Kr.
TecTo rOTOBHT Ha 3aKBaCKax rycToH, )l(Hp;KOH 6e3 3aBapKH, C 3aBap-
KOH (Ta6n.74) Hml Ha KMK3 (Ta6n. 75).
rOToBoe TeCTO pa3p;enbIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3aroTOBKH YKna.zu,IBaIOT B cl>op-
MbI H HanpaBnHIOT Ha paCCToHKY.
ITpop;On)l(HTerrbHOCTb paccToHKH 40-55 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycrroBHH paccToHKH.
HaHMeHOBaHHe CbIpbH,
nony<pa6pHKaTOB H
nOKa3aTenen npOl\ecca
Pacxog CbIpb>! H napaMeTpbI npOl\ecca
npllrOTOBneHH>! TeCTa
B gBe CTa,[\HH
KMK3 I TeCTO
B TPII CTagHH
KMK3, Kr 3 29 1,5 14,5
MYKa IJ KMK3 Ha TCCTo lInll 10 5
onapy. Kr 10
MYKa P)l(aHM 0611HpHaJI, Kr 9 60 4,5 55
MYKa nlliCHlI'IHaJI XJleOOneKap- 30 30
HaJI BTOporo cOpTa, Kr
BCR
Ollapa, Kr
.uP0)l()I(If XJle60nCKapHble 0,6-0,7 0,5 -0,6
npCCCOBaHHbIe, Kr* 1,5
COJIb nOBapCHHaJI IIHmeBM, Kr 1,5
6 6
naTOI<a, Kr
17 no pac'IeTY 8,5 52 no paC'leTY
BOAa, Kr
Bna)l(HOCTh, % 69-71 HC GoJlec 69-71 59-61 He 60nec
W xn + W xn +
+(0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0)
TCMncpaTypa Ha'IBJIbHaJI, ° C 38-41 30-32 38-41 28-30 29-31
npOP;On)l(HTCnbIIOCTb 6po)l(e- 480-720 120-180 480-720150-180 60-90
HlIH,MlIH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJI, rpa,I\ 18-22 8-11 18-22 8-10 8-11
l' a 6 n II It a 74
PCJ.{enTYpa H peJKIIM npHroToBneHHR 1'CCT8
IJ,JJJI xJle6a nop;MOCKOBHoro Ha rYCToH H )l(lfAKHX 3aKB8CKaX
Pacxon CbIpbJlll n8paMeTpbI npOlteCC8
!lpHrOTOBnCHlIJI TeCTa H8 38KB8CKe
HaHMeHO 8HlIe CbIpb>!,
nonyl»a6pHK8TOB II rYCTOn )KlI OH )KHgI(OH
nOKa3aTeneH npo cca 6e3 3aBapKlI C 38BapKOH
38KB8CXS! TeCTO 38KBaCK a l TeCTO 38KB8CK a i TeCTO
.
* .uonYCI<aeTCH npllMCHJlTb )I(lfj1KlIe I1Po)I()I(H (l0% MYKOil). npH 3TOM C KMK3 BHO-
CHT He 10%, a 5% MYKYI B TCCTO.
3aKBaCKa, Kr 19 57 38 76 35,5 71
MYKa B 3aKBaCKe HR TCCTO, 33 25 15
Kr
MYKa P)l(aHaJI 0611HPHaJI, Kr 22 37 13 45 5 55
MYKa mnCHlI'IHM XJlc6one- 30 30 30
I<apHaJI BToporo cbpTa, Kr
3aBapI<a (l :2,5), Kr 9
JJ:pO)l()I(If XJlC60nCKapHbIe 0,1 0,1 0,1
npcccoBaHHblc, Kr*
COJIb nOBapCHHaJI IIHmeBaJI, 1,5 1,5 1,5
Kr
Caxap-cblpeU, Kr 3 3 3
Bop;a, I<r 16 no pac- 25 no pac- 21,5 no pac-
1IeTY 'ICTY 'IeTY
BJla»:HocTb, % 48-50 He GOJlCC 69-75 He GOJlec 79-85 HC 60Jlcc
W xn + WXJI+ W xn +
+(0,5-1,0) +(0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0)
TeMnepaTypa H8'IBJIbIIaJI, 25-28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 28-30
°c
np0P;On)!(llTCnbHOCTb 6po. 180-240 60-90 180-240 70-90 180-300 90-120
)l(eHllH, MIlH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaJI, 12-14 8-11 9-12 8-11 9-12 8-11
rpa,I\
" BnocHT H,m OCBen<eHlm rycrott 3aKBaCKYI CnOHTaHHOro 6pO)l(CHlIJI. 159
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3p;enbIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH }J,JIH cl>opMoBoro
xrre6a YKJHI,!J;bIBaIOT B cl>OpMbI, p;mI nop;OBoro - B KpyrITbIe KacceTbI, nOKpbl-
TbIe TKaHblO, IDIH Ha P;OCKH, nOCbmaHHbIe MYKOM, H HanpaBnHIOT Ha pac-
CTOHKY.
flpOP;On)l(HTenbHOCTb paccTOHKH 40-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBHH paccToHKH.
Bbme'lKY xne6a n.r0H3BoWlT B YBna)l(HeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe npH
TeMnepaType 200-240 C B Te'leHHe 40-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
H3P;eITHH, KOHCTpYKTHBHbIX oco6eHHocTeH ne<rn H ycnoBHH ee 3Kcn-
nyaTa HH.
Xne6 nepep; .weNKoii 113 ne1Ul peKoMeHn}'eTCJI onpbICKHBaT BOP;OM.
158
PcucnTypa H pC>KHM npHrOTOBnCHHH TCCTa
WlH XJJcGa nop;MOCKOBHoro Ha KMK3
TaG JI II U a 75
TaG n II U a 76
H8HMCHOB8IIl1C CbIPbH.
nony<l>86pHK8TOB II
nOKa38TcncH npOUCCC8
P8CXOA CbIpb" Ii n8paMCTpbl npOUCCC8
npm'OTOBnCIIlIH TCCT8
Pc!.\cIITYpa H PC)KHM npllrOTOBJlCHHH TCCTa
AJI5I xJ!eua CTOJlOBOrO Ha rYCToii H )l(UP;KlIX 3aKBaCKax
B ABC CT8AlfH
KMK3 I TCCTO
B TPII CT8AIiH
KMK3 I onapa I TCCTO
PaCXOA CblpbH Ii n8paMCTpbl npouccca
npurOTOBneHHH TeCTa Ha 33KBaCKe
HaHf\teHOB8.HHe CbIPLH.
cony.p86pm<aTOB Ii rYCTOH >KU.rr,KOH >KIiAKOH
nOK833TcrrCH npOUCCC8 6C3 38B8PKH C 3aBaplCOH
3aI.(E3CKa! TeCTO 3aKB8CKai TeCTO 138KBaCK81 TeCTO
KMK3, Kr 3 29 1,5 14,5
MYKa B KMK3 Ha TCCTO lIJ1H 10 5
onapy, Kf 55 10
MYKa p)l(aHa5I 06A11pHa5I, Kf 9 60 4,5
MYKa n!I1CHH'IHa5I XJlc60nc- 30 30
KapHM BToporo COpTa, Kf
Onapa, Kf BCH
LtpO)l()I(If XIIc60ncKapHblc 0.7 0,6
npeccoBaHHbIe, Kr* 1,5
Conb nOBapCHHa5I ITHlltCBa5I, 1.5
Kr
Caxap-cblpeu, Kf 3 3
Bona, Kf 17 no pac'ICTY 8,5 59 no paC'ICTY
Bna)l(HocTb, % 69-71 He 60Jlee 69-71 59-61 He Gonce
W xn + W xn +
+ (0.5-1.0) +(0.5-1,0)
TeMncpaTYpa Ha'laJIbHM, 0 C 38-41 30-32 38-41 28-30 29-31
np0)10Jl>KHTCJlLHOCTb Gpo)l(e- 480-720 120-180 480-720150-180 60-90
HIIH, MlIH
KHCnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM. rpa,o; 18-22 8-11 18 -22 8-10 8-11
Xne6 CTonoBbdt
3al<BaCKa, Kr 19 57 38 76 35,5 71
MYI<a B 3al<BaCKC Ha TCCTO, 33 25 15
Kr
MYKa P)l(8HaH 06A11PHaH, 22 17 13 25 5 35
Kf
My:<a nillCHlI'IHaH XIIc6o- 50 50 50
nCKapHM BToporo copTa,
"I'
Conb nOBapCHHM nHlltC- 1,5 1,5 1,5
BaH, I<.r 3
Caxap-nccoK, Kf 3 3
LtpO)l()!(lf XIIcGoncKapllblc 0,5 0,5 0,5
npCCCOBaHHble, Kr 9
3aaapl,;a (1 :2,5), Kr
Bona, Kr 16 no pac- 25 no pac- 21,5 no pac-
'IeTY 'ICTY 'lCTY
BJla)l(HOCTb, % 48-50 HC 60Jlce 69-75 HC Gonce 79- 85 IIC 60:1 c
W xn + W xn + \Vxn+
(0,5- 1,0) (0,5- 1,0) (0,5-1,0)
Tcr-mepaTypa Hat!aJIbllaH, 25 - 28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 29-31
'c
Ilpo;:\OnX(l!TCJlbHOCTb Gpo- 180-240 60-90 180-240 60-90 180-300 90-120
)KCHUH, MHH 8-11 8-11
KiiCJlOTHOCTb KoHe'lHM, 12-14 9-12 8-11 9-12
rpan.
TaGJlHua 77
PCIjCnTypa H pCJIGIM npllrOTOBJICHIiH TCCTa
AJ!H xJle6a CT0J10BOro lIa KMK3
* D.onYCKaeTCJI npllMeHHTb >I<Ii)1l<lIC p;pO)fOKlf (10% MYKOn) . npll 3TOM C KMK3 BHOCHT
He 10%. a 5% MYKYI B TeCTO.
BbI:IetlKY xne6a npOH3BOJJJlT npH 200-240°C.
IIponomKlfTenbIiOcTI> BbmetlKH 55-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
xne6a, KOHCTPYKTHBHbIX oco6eHHocTeif ne'IH H ycnoBHH ee 3KcIUlyaTaI.UiH.
IIpll BbIeMKe H3 ne'IH xne6 peKOMeHJJ:yeTcH onpbIcKHBaTb BOnOH.
Xne6 CTonOBbIH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT 113 CMeCH MYKH p)f(aHOH 06JJ.HPHOii 11:
mneHII'lHoii BTOpOro copTa nonOBbIM H 4>OpMOBbIM IIITY'IHbIM Maccoii
0,7-1,0 Kr.
IIpHMepHbIe pa3MepbI Kpyrnoro nonOBOro xne6a Maccoii 0,93 Kr:
n1l:aMeTp 20-22 CM, BbICOTa 7-9 CM.
TecTo rOTOBHT Ha 3RKBaCKax: rYCToH, >KIInKoii 6e3 3aBapKH, C 3aBap-
KOH (Ta6n. 76) IIJIH Ha KMK3 (Ta6n. 77).
PacxoA CbIP"" Ii napaMCTpbI npouccca
rrpUrOTOB:ICHUn TCCTa
Hal-!1\fCHOnaHHe ChlpbH,
norry'pa6pHKaTOB Ii BABe CTa.r..UH B TPIl CT3;J,lUI
nOK838TeneH npOltCCC8 KMK3 I KMK3 I on8pa I
TeCTO TeCTO
KMK3, j(r
MYKa B KMK3 na TCCTO UJlII
onapy, Kr
3
29
10
1.5
14,5
5
160
161
6 3aK. 1116
npOnon)l(eHJ{e Ta6J1. 77
l' a 6 n H [( a 78
HaHMeHOB3HMC C:bJpI>H,
nOJIyma6pHKaToB H
nOKa38Tcneii npo eCC8
P8CXOn CblphH H nap8MeTpbI npOneCC8
npnrOTOBneHHH TeCTa
PC[(CDTYpa It peHCHM npHrOTOBJICHHJI TCCTa
AJUI XJlc6a cnaBHHCKoro Ha ryCTOH H )!(lIAKOH 3aKBaCKaX
S se cra.IJ;HlI
KMK3 I TeCTO
B TPH CT8.IJ;HiI
KMK3 f onap8 .1
TeCTO
PaCXOn CbIphH II n8p8MeTp&I nponecca
npHrOTOSneHlIJI TeCTa Ha 3aKS8CKe
HaHMeHOS8HHe C&IpbJl,
nonyc!>a6pHK8TOB II rYCTOH )KHnKOii )KMAKOH
nOK83aTeneH npouecca 6e3 38S8pKlI C 38S8pKO.I
38KS8CK81 TeCTO 3aKS8CK8/ TeCTO 38KBaCKai TeCTO
MYKa P)l(aHM 06AHPHWI, Kr 9 40 4,5 45
MYKa n!I1CIIlI'IH8f1 JGIe60rrcKap- 50 50
HWI BToporo copTa, r
Onapa, Kr BCR
,UpO)l()I(l! XJ1e60neKapHbIe 0,5-0,7 111,5--0,6
npeCCOBaHHbIe", Kr
Conb nOBapeHHWI ITlIll(eBaII, Kr 1,5 1,5
Caxap-nccoK, Kr 3,0 3,0
Bona, Kr 17 no pac'IeTY 8.5 48 no pac'IeTY
BnaJKHOCTh, % 69-71 He 60nec 69-71 59-61 He 60Jlee
W xn + W xn +
+ (0,5-1,0) + (0.5-1,0)
TCMnepaTypa Ha'laJIbHWI, 0 C 38-41 30-32 38-41 28-30 29-31
npOL\Om!<HTCJJbHOCTb 6po)l(c- 480- 720 120-180 480-720150-180 60-9'0
HlIH, MHH
KHCJ10THOCTb KOHe'IHM, rpap; 18-22 8-10 18-22 9-10 8-11
Xne6 cmuulHcKHH
3aKBaCKa, Kr 17 51 46 92 35,S 71
MYKa B 3aKBaCKC Ha TeCTO, 30 30 IS
Kr
MYKa P)I(aHWI o61111PHaH, 20 15 5 15
Kr
MYKa IIHleHlI'lHWI XJlc60- 70 70 70
nCKapHaII BTOpOro copTa,
Kr
Conb nOBapeHHWI ITlIll.\e- 2,0 2;0 2,0
BWI,Kr
,UpO)l()I(lf XJleGoneKapHbIe 0,5 0,5 0,5
npCCCOBaHHbIe, Kr"
3anap!<a (1 :2,5), Kr 9
naToKa,.Kr 2,0 2,0 2,0
BOAa, Kr 14 no pac- 31 no pac- 21,S IIO pac-
'IeTY 'ICTY 'leT}'
BJla)l(HOCTb, % 48-50 HC 60nee 69-75 He 60nce 79 -85 He 60nec
W xn + W xn + WXJI+
(0,5-1,0) (0,5-1,0) (0,5-1,0)
TeMnepaTypa Ha'laJIbHWI, 25-28 28-30 28-30 29-31 31-33 29-31
°c
npOAOl1)1(HTeJIbHOCTb 6po- 180-240 60-90 180-240 60-90 180-300 90-120
)l(eHlIH, MUH
KHCnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM. 12-14 1'-10 9-12 7-10 9-12 7-10
rpap;
" BHocHT npll OCBe)l(CHlIlI rycToA 3aKB CKIi CnOHTaIlHOro 6po)l(cHlIJI.
6*
163
".IJ.onYCKaeTClI npllMCHHTh >KHp;KHe /1P0)l()I(H (10% MyI<oil), npll 3TOM C KMK3 BHOCHT
HC 10%, a 5% MYKIi B TecTO.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3nenbIBalOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH nrUI <popMOBoro
xne5a YKna,LlbIBaJQT B <pOPMbI, 1J)UI nOnOBoro - B KpyrnbIe KacceTbI, nOKpbl-
TbIe TKaHblO, H HanpaBIIHIOT Ha paccToiiKY.
TIponOIl>KHTenbHOCTb paccToHKH 35-55 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
reCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H YCIIOBHH paCCTOHKH.
TIpH nOCa)J)Ke B ne'lb TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH peKOMeHnyeTcH HaKaJIbIBaTb
H onpbIcKHBaTb BOnOH HIIH BbmeKaTb XJIe6 B YBna)f(HeHHOH neKapHoH
KaMepe.
BbmetlKY H3nemiH npOH3BOJJ)lT npH TeMnepaType 190-250°C.
TIponomKHTenbHocTb BbIIletlKH xne5a MaCCOH 0,88 Kr nOnOBoro
35-50 MIDI, <popMOBoro 48-54 MHH, MaccoH 1,0 Kr nOnOBoro 40-58 MHH,
<J>opMoBcro 50-60 MIDI.
Xne6 nepe;J, BbIeMKOH H3 netlH peKoMeHnyeTcH onpblCKHBaTb BOnOH.
Xne6 CnaBHHCKHH BbIpa6aTbiBalOT H3 CMecH MYKH p>KaHOH 06n H pHOH'
H mUellH'!HOH BToporo copTa (30:70 H 15 :85) nOnOBbIM KpyrnoH IL'IH npo-
nonroBaTO-OBlI.!IbHOH: <pOpMbl H <pOpMOBbIM WTY'fiIbIM MaccoH 0,74-0,95 Kr.
TecTo rOTOBHT Ha 3aKBacKax: rycToH, >KHnKOH 6e3 3a'BapKII, >I<H;::I,KOH
c 3aBapKoH (Ta6n. 78) HnH Ha KMK3 (Ta6n. 79).
162
TaG.iI II U a 79
Xne6 neKJ!eBaHHLrn "BHpy"
PCItCIITypa II peJiaIM npllrOTODJlCHlISI TeCTa
J];JUI XJlc6a CJlaBSIHCKOI'O Ha KM 3
KMK3' TeCTO
KMK3 I onapa I
TeCTO
XJJ:e6 IIeKneBaHHbIH "BHPY" 3aBapHOii H3 CMeCH MYKH p)f(aHoii CeHHOH,
06P;HPHOii, IIllIemi'1HOH nepBOrO copTa, HecpepMeHTllpOBaHHoro conop;a
P;OIIOJIHI1TenbHbIX BHP;OB CbIpbH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT UITyqHbIM nop;OBbIM MaCCOH
0,65-0,85 Kr KpymoH HJ1H npop;onroBaTO-OBaJ1bHOH cpOpMbI C TpeMH none-
peqHbIMII HaKOJ1aMH.
TIpHMepHble pa3MepbI nOCJ1ep;HerO MaCCOH 0,85 Kr: WIHHa 25-30 CM,
IIIllpHHa 13-15 CM; p;HaMeTp xJ1e6a Kpyrnoii cpOpMbI 19-21 CM.
HaMMenOBaHHe CbIpbJI.
rrony.pa6pHK8TOB II
rrOKa3aTenCH rrpouecca
Pacxoj:\ CbIpbJI H rrap8MeTpbI rrpouecca
npMrO'i'QBneHIUI TeCTa
B }],Be CTa liM
S TPH CT8j:\HH
KMK3, Kr 3 29 1,5 14,5
MYKa B KMK3 Ha TeCTO 1IJ111 10 5
onapy, Kr
MYKa P)l(aH3JI oGAlIpH3JI, Kr 9 20 4,5 25
MYKa nlI1eIlH'IHM XJleGone- 70 30 40
I(3PHM BToporo COpTa,
Kr
Onapa, Kr BCH
,IlpO)l()I(l! XJlcGoneKapHbIc 0,5-0,7 0,5-0,6
npeccoBaHHbie, Kr*
Com, nOBapeHH3JI Iillll(eBM, Kr 2,0 2,0
naToKa, 1(1' 2,0 2,0
BOAa, Kr 17 no paC'IeTY 8,5 33 no paC'ICTY
Brr3)1(HocTb, % 69-71 lIe GOJl ec 69-71 49-51 He GOJlee
W xn + W xrr +
+ (0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0)
TCMnepaTypa Ha'IaJILH3JI, 0 C 38-41 30-32 38-41 28-30 29-31
npOAOrr}KlITeJlbHOCTb 6po)l(e- 480- 720 120-180 480-720 150-180 60-90
IIIIH, MUH
I<lICJIOTHOCTb KOHe'IH3JI, 18-22 7-10 18-22 8-9 7-10
rpa.TJ;
T a 6 JI II U a 80
Pc cnTypa H PC)!(lIM npllrOTOBJlCHlIJI TCCTa
AJIH XJle6a "BIIPY" Ha rycToii 3aKBaCKC
PaCXOn CbIphJI II rrapaMeTpbI rrpouccca
HaHMeHosaHHe CbIphJl, rronYCP86pllKaToB
H rroK83aTeneH rrpoueCC8 3aKsac- 3asapKa
Ka ocaxa- orrapa TeCTO
peHHaf!
* .uOIrjCKaCTCH npHMCIDITb )l(l!AKlIe gDO:>t(}KlI (10% MyKOn) , npn 3TOM C KMK3 BHOCHT
He 10%, a 5% MyKlI B TCCTO. .
3aKBaCKa rYCT3JI, Kr 5,7 17
MYKa p)l(aHa51 06Al1pHM C 3aKBacKoil 10
B onapy, Kr 6,6
MYKa p)l(aIIafl 06AUpHM, Kr 20 45
MYKa p)l(aIIa51 CeHH3JI, Kr (B T. 'I. 3
Ha pa3Acn-
KY)
MYKa nlI1CHH'IHaJl XIIe60neKapHaH 20
nepBoro COpTa, Kr 5
COJloA p)l(aHoil Heq,cpMcHTHpoBaH-
HbIn, Kr 60,4
3anapKa ocaXapeHH3JI, Kr
Onapa, Kr BC5I
D.pO)l()I(l! XIIcGOlIcKapHbie npeccoBaH- 0,5 0,5
Hble, Kr* 1,5
COJIb nOBapCHII3JI ITHll.\eBa5l, Kr
naToKa, Kr 5,0
CbIBopoTKa MOnO'lHa51 H8TYPaJIbH3JI, 10 10
Kr 0,4
TMlIH, Kr
BOAa, Kr 4,7 35 WlH pa3- no
BCAeHHH pac'IeTY
Apo )I()I(cn
Bna)l(HOCTb, % 48-50 63-65 55-57 He 60ncc
W xn +
+ (0,5-1,0)
TeMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbH3JI, 0 C 25-28 63-65 30-34 29-31
npOAOJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb ocaXapllBaHlIR 360-480
II OCTbIBaHlIR, MlIH 210-240 240-300 90
npOAOJl)l(lITCJ1bHOCTb Gpo)l(CHlIH, MlIH
KlIcnoTHocTb KOHe'IHM, rpaA 12-14 10-11 7,5-10,0
.. PCKoMcHAyeTcR BHOClITb B aKTlIBlIpOBaHHoM BlIne. 165
fOTonoe TeCTO pa3I1,eJ1bIBaIOT, TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKll WUI cpopMOBoro
xne6a YKJ1a,z:J;bIBaIOT B cpOpMbI, J])UI nop;OBoro - B KpyrJ1ble KacceTbI, rrOKpbI-
TbIe TK aHblO , liJ1If Ha P;OCKH, nOCbIIIJHHble MYKOii, H HarrpaBJ1HIOT Ha pac-
CTOHKY.
TIpop;omKIfTeJ1bHOCTb pacCToHKIf 40-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TCCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK If YCJ10BIfH paccToiiKH.
BbIITeqKY If3p;eJ1IfH npOIl3Bop;m B YBJ1a)KHeHHOH rreKapHoH KaMepe rrpIf
TeMnepaType 200-240 0 C.
ITpop;ml)f(ilTeJ1bHOCTb BbIrreqKH xne6a rrop;oBoro Maccoii 0,95 Kr
40-55 MilH, cpopMoBoro MaccoH 0,9 Kr 50-60 MUH.
Xne6 rrepep; BbIeMKOH If3 neqn peKoMeHp;yeTcH onpbICKIfB3Tb BOp;OH.
164
TaGnlIl\a 81
Qepc3 2-3 'l ocaxapHBamuI 3aBapKY nepeMeulliBalOT /l,JIR YCKOPCHliR
OCTblBamHI /1,0 TCl\meparypbI 32-34°C H paCXO/1,YIOT Ha 3aMec onapbl."'
I1pl1 3TOM B /1,e>KY C -ocaxapeHHou 3aBapKou BHOCRT rycTYIO 3aKBacKY,
/1,06a:BnRIOT qaCTb MonO'lHoM CbIBOpOTKH no pel(enType, MYKY nmeHH'l'
HYIO I copTa, npeccoB3HHbie /1,pO>K>Kl1 B aKTliBHpOBaHHoM BH/1,e; Bce a-
TenbHO nepcMelUHBalOT /1,0 nonyqeHHil O/l,Hopo/l,HOM MaCCbI H OCTaBnHIOT
/l,JIH 6pmKeHHH.
Bb16po)KCHHyro ollapy lIonHOCTblO pacxo/l,)'IOT Ha 3aMec TeCTa C /1,o6aB-
neHliCM OCTaJIbHbIX BR/1,OB ChIpbH (B 1. 'l. oCTaBmeMcH 'laCTH MonO'lHOM
dbIBOPOTKH H P)KaHOM ceHHoM MYKH) .
Hoene 33Meca reCTO OCTaBnHIOT /l,JIR 6pOll<eHHH /1,0 HaKomIeHHH Tpe6ye-
MOll KHCJlDTHOeTM M /1,OCl1-1)KCHHH MaKCHMaJIbHOrO 06'beMa.
Upl! npHrOTOBJ1eHHM TeCTa Ha )J(H,IJ,KOM 3aKBaCKe 3aBapKY rOTOBHT
C 60nee BbICOKOH B.i,a)KHOCTbIO 73-75% B MaUlliHe X3-2M-JOO, KY/1,a nO/1,aIOT
MYKY p)l(<lnyro ceHHyKJ, ncpeTepThIu TMHH Ii BCIO ChIBOPOTKY, IIp CMOT'
peHHYIO p.ellemypoii.
3aTC.I\1 /1,06aBnRIOT ropR'lyIO BO/l,)' H nO/1,orpeBalOT rrapoM /1,0 90-95° C
/l,JIH 50nce lIomIOM K1ICHCrepH3altIDi KpaxMaJIa n 3anapKe.
noene OXJIIDKneHHil 3aBapKI'I no 63-65° C npH nepeMelIlHBamm BROCRT
He«pcpMCHTupoBaHHhlu C01l0/1, /l,.1Iil ocaxapHBaHlUI M OXJIa)K,1J,emUI 3aBapKH
B Te'lCHHe 90-120 MHH_
O>cla)KneHHYIO /1,0 32"':'34°'C 3aBapKY nepCKa'lliBaIOT B eMKOCT1>, A06aB-
JUllOT >KH;J,Kym 3aKBacKY, Bce ncpeMemHBalOT H OCTaBnillOTWUl 3aKBauuma-
HlUI Ha 6-7 'laCOB npH TeMnepaType 30_32° C.
3aKBamcHHYro 3aBapKY nepeKa'lIiBalOT B paCXOJJ.HhIH 6aK M Hcnonb3YloT
Ha 3aMec TeCTa nopUHOHHbIM M1IM HenpepbIBHhIM cnoc06aMM.
ITpli HcnpephlBHoM 33Mece B MamHHy 11-8-XT A-12/1 (11-8-XT A-6) fL'lli
/1,pyrllx MapoK nO/1,alOT 3aKBameHH)'1O 3aBapKY, aKTHBlIpOBaHHbIe /1,pmK)KH,
OCTaBruyi'JC>I MYKY, naTOKY, COJ1eBOH pacTBOp H E0/l,J no paC'leTY. EpmKeHHj)
Tecm oCYll\eCTBnHIOT B ceKIJ;MHX 6YHKepa, B arpcraTe XTP HnH /1,pyrHX
eMKOCTRX.
[OTOBoe TeCTO /1,eJIRT Ha KyCKlI II «P0PMYIOT, npH}1aBaH TeCTOBhIM 3aro-
TOBKaM npO/1,onroBaTo-OBarrbHYIO WIll Kpyrrryw «POPMY. C<popMOEaHHbIe
3arOTOBKH YKJIa;J,bIBalOt B KacceThI, nOKphIThle TKaHblO mm Ha /1,OCKH, no-
ChIlIaHHblC MYROH, 11 HarrpaBJUIIOT Ha paCCTOllKY.
IIpH pa3/1,enKC paCXO/1,yIDT /1,0 3% MYKM OT o6ll\ero KO;m'leCTBa ee Ha
TeCTO.
HpOIJ:01l)KHTCJIbHOCTb paccToHKH 35-45 MHH B 3aBllCMMOCHi OT MaCChi
teCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBIIM paCCTOHKll.
IIepc/1, noca;J,KoH B nc'lb nOBcpxHOCTb 3 rOTOBOK HaKaJI1:>IBaIOT tpeMR
nOnepe'lHbIMM HaKonaMII II onphIcKHBalOT BonoM.
Bbme'lKY H3/1,eJIIIH npo1l3BO/l,RT B YBna)KHeHHoM neKapHoH KaMepe
IIPH TeMnepaType 160-200° C B Te'leHlIC 36-45 MHH /l,JIil 1I3/1,enllii MaccoH
0,66 Kr M 38-50 MlIH /l,JIil 1I3/1,enHH Maccoll 0,83 Kr. ·
[OTOBbIM xne6 nepe/1, BbIeMKoii 113 ne'lH peKOMeHJJ;yeTcH OIIpbICKHBaTh
BO/1,OM.
Pc cnTYpa Ii pemliM npllrOTOBJlCHf1H TeCTa
AJUI X1Jc6a ,,Bnpy" Ha W-UAKOH 3aKBaCKe II 3aKB"rueHHoii: 3aBapI;:e
HaHMCHOBaIme CbIpbf!, nOJly(jJaGp,u<aTOB PaCXO,D, CIoIphf! H n8p0l\1eTpbI npOl.\ecca
II nOK83aTenen npouecca 3aKBac- 38BapKa 38S8pKa
Ka ocaxa 3aKB8- TeCTO
peHHasI meHH8R
3aKBaCKa )l(HI1KaJI Ge3 3aBapKYI, Kr 4,5 9
MYKa P)I(aIIM 06AHPH8J! C 3aKBacKoil B 3a- 3
](BaIlIeHHYIO 3aBapKY, Kr
MYKa P)l(aIIM 06AHPHM, Kr 1,5 7
MYKa p)I(aIlaJl CCJlH8J!, Kr 5 60
(Ii T. 'I. 3
Ha pa3I1CJI-
KY)
MYKa nIlleHlI'IHaJI xne60ncKapifaJI nep'Joro 20
copTa, Kr
COJlon p)I(aIIofi Hcq,epMCHTHpOBaHHblil, Kr 5
3aaapKa ocaXapCHH8J!, Kr 57,4
3aaapKa 3aKBamcHHM, Kr BCH
}J,PO)l()f(H XJlC60nCKapHblc npeCCOBaIlHbIC, l,,D
Kr*
Conb nOBapeHHM IillWCDM, Kr 1,5
naToKa, Kr 5
C'bIBO,POTKa MOnO'IHaJI, 1,1' 20
TMlIII, Kr 0,4
Bona, Kr 3 20 no paC'IeTY
Bna)l(HocTb, % 69-75 n 15 72-74 HC 60Jlee
W XII +
+ (0,5- 1,0)
TeMncpaTypa HatIaJIbHM, 0 C 28-30 63-65 30-32 30-32
npOnOJl)l(lITeJlbHOCTb ocaXapllBaIDUI, MIIH 90-120
npoP;On)l(HTCJJbHOCTb 6pO)l(eIIllH, Mlm 180-270 360-420 60-90
KHcnoTHocTh KOHC'IH8J!', rpaA 9-12 11-12,5 7-8
" npcIIBapllTCJ1bHO aKTHHlIpYIOT 1-2 'I no peuenType, Kr: np0)l()I(H - I, M)'Ka IIlI1CHlI'I-
H8J! 1 C - 3, BOlla - 7,5
TecTo MO)KHO npJ-lrOtoBIITb Ha 3aKBaCKe rYCTOH (Ta6n. 80) IInH )KH;J,KOH
('ra6n. 81).
MYKY p)KaHYIO n6/1,HpHYro pacxo/l,)'IOT Ha nplirOTOBneHHe 3aKBaCKlI.
IIpH npHrOTOBneHHH TeCTa B 'leTbIpe CTa;J,HH Ha-rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe ncnonb-
3YlOT 3aBapKY C HH3KOH Bna)I(HOCTbIO 63-65%.
IIpH 3TOM MYKY, cono/1, H npe/1,BapliTenbHo nepeTepTbIH /1,0 pa3pYilleHIIH
o60nO'leK TMI!H TlltaTeIIbHO nepcMemHBalOT B /1,C)Ke II 3aBapHBalOT BO/1,OH
C TeMnepaTypoii 95-97° C. Bo/1,y /1,06aBnilroT B 2-3 nplleMa npll oWioBpe-
MeHHOM nepeMemHBaHHH /1,0 nonyqeHHil OJJ.HopO/1,Hoii MaCChI.
166
167
Xne6 p>KaHOA 63 ceHHoA MyKH
IlnOfTOnX,eHlIC Ta6rr. 82
XJIe6 H3 M}'KH p>KaHOH ceHHoH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT cpOpMOBbIM H nOnOBbIM
urrY1ffibIM MaccoH 0,7-1,0 Kr H cpOpMOBbIM BeCOBbIM Maccoii He 60nee
2,0 Kr.
TIonoBbIH xne6 HMeeT KpyrnylO liJIH npOnonroBaTO-OBaJIbHYIO cpO PM}'.
TecTo 1J:]U! xne6a H3 P)!(aHOH ceHBoH M}'KH raTOBHT Ha rycToH 3aKBa-
CKe B nae (3aKBaCKa, TecTO) H TPH (3aKBaCKa, onapa, TecTO) CTanHH.
B pa3BOn01ffiOM I.U1Kne rYCTYIO 3aKBaCKY H3 P)!(aHOH ceHHoii M}'KH MO>K-
HO npHrOTOBnHTb C npHMeHeHHeM )!(HnKHX KynbTYP MOn01ffiOKHCnbIX 6aKTe-
pHii, cyxoro naKT06aKTepHHa IDIH 3aKBaCKH npe)!(HerO npHrOTOBneHHH, KaK
}'Ka3arm B rmUle II npH OIDicaHHH cnoco60B BbIBeneHHH 3aKBaCKH H3 p)!(aHOH
o60HHOH unH 06nHpHOH MYKH. 113-3a nOHH)I(eHHoro COnep)!(aHHH B ceHHOH
MYKe paCTBOpHMbIX yrneBonOB, a30THCTbIX H MHHepaJIbHbIX BeIl.\eCTB npO)!(-
){(H H MOn01ffiOKHCnhle 6aKTepllli B 3aKBaCKe H3 :nOH MYKH pa3BHBalOTCH
xY)l(e, n03TOM)' rYCTYIO 3aKBaCKy B pa3BOn01ffiOM LlHKne rOTOBHT C HaqaJIb-
HOH TeMI1epaTypOH 25-28°C H BbI6pa)!(HBalOT no KHcnOTHocrn B rpa,IJ;ycax'
4-6 (I cpa3a); 5-7 (II cpa3a); 6-8 (Ill cpa3a).
TIpuroToBneHHyro no pa3BOn01ffi0M}' IUIKny rYCTyro 3aKBacKY Qeneco-
06pa3Ho OCBe)!(HTb He MeHee 5 pa3 H naJIee pacXOnOBaTb B npoH3BOnCTBeH-
HOM IUIKne B KOnHqeCTBe 25 -33% 1J:JIH npHrOTOBneHIDI TeCTa Ii BocnpOH3-
BOnCTBa 3aKBaCKH.
Bna)!(HOCTb rYCTOH 3aKBaCKH B npOH3BOnCTBeHHOM IUIKne nO,lJ,!J.ep)!(H-
BaIOT B npenenax 46-48%. .D:onycKaeTcH npHMeHelllie 3aKBaCKH H3 p)!(aHoii
06nuPHOii MYKH ,B KOnHqeCTBe no 10% B nepeCqeTe Ha MYKY OT 06I1.\eH Mac-
CbI MYKH Ha TeCTO.
PeuenTypa H pe)!(HM npuroToBnemm TeCTa Ha rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe B nae
H TpH CTagHH npenCTaBneHbI B TaOO. 82.
PacXOn ChIphll II napaMc:rphI npo ecca
npllI'OTOnneItml TeCTa
HaliMeHOBaHHe CbIpb>I.
nonytlla6pm(::< roB
II nOKa3aTeneH nDonecca
B 1:(Be CTa,rJ;HH
B TPH CTa,rJ;HlI
3a- l'ec:ro
KBaCKa
3a- I Oi'Iapa
KBaCl('J. _
TeCTO
COJ1b nOBaOCHHM n;;'neBa>I. 1(1' 1.5 1,5
Bop;a. 1<1' n no pactJeTY 7 37 no paC'IeTY
BnS>KHOCTb. % 46-4R HC Gonec 4/i-48 52-64 HC 60nce
W xn + W xn '"
... (0,5-1,0) + lO.5-I.(i)
TCMnepaTypa Ha'JaJIbHaR, 0 C 25 - 21< 29-31 25 - 28 26--28 28-30
npO):lOn)!(llTeJlbHOCTb 6p0)l(e- 210-270 60 -90 210-270 240-270 60-90
HlIJI, MlIH
KucnoTHocTb KOHC'IHaH. rpa):l 6-8 5-9 6-8 5--7 5-9
l' a 6 JI II U a 82
fOTOBHOCTb onapbI H TeCTa onpCncnHCTCH no KOHC1ffiOH KucnOTHOCTU.
YCTaHOBnCHHoii TeXHonOrHqeCKHM PC)!(HMOM, H no nOCTIDKemm M8KCIl-
MaJIbl-lOrO 06'beMa.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3ncnbIB a!OT, yr<nanblBalOT B cpOpMbI U -HanpaBnHIOT
Ha paccToiiI-cy. ,I:L,'1H nOnOBoro xne6a lTCTOBbIM 3arOTORK8M I1pH, aIOT npo-
nonrOBaTO-onaJIbHYIO CPOPMY, YKna;J,hIBalOT HX Ha nOCKH C KpyrnbIMH npo-
pe3HMH unH cnnOlllHble, 06THHYTbIe TKaHblO H nocbrnaHHhIe MYKOii, H no}],.
BepraroT paCCTOHKe.
HpOnOn)!(HTenbHOCTb paccToHKU 40-80 MHH B 3aRJf.CHMOCTI'! OT Mac.
CbI TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H ycnoBHH paccTolfKH.
TIponOn)!(HTCnbHOCTb BbITICqKH xne6a nOnOBoro 35-60 l\r.m npH TCM-
neparypc 260-280° C C napoYBJ.ia)!(l1eHUeM; cpopMoBoro 40-60 MUH npn
TCMrrepaType 230-250° C.
Hepen BbrnC'!KOH TCCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH peKoMeHnYCTCH HaKaJIhIBaTb
H onpbICKI!BaTh Bonoi';:.
Pe cnTYpa II pe)!(llM npllrOTOBJICHlIJI TCCTa ):lJlH XJlc6a p>KaHoro 113 ceHHOH MYKH
Xne6 MlfiiCKHH
HaRMeHOB81ille ChIph>I.
nonytlla6pHKaTOB
H nOKa3al'eJICH npo ecca
PaCXOn ChIph>I H napaMeTPbI npouccca
npllI'OTOBneHiUl l'ecTa
B nae CTa,rJ;lIH B TPII CTa,rJ;HH
3a- TeCTO 3a- TeCTO
KBaCKa KBaCKa
17,5 52,5 10 28
33 ]8
102
22 67 II 37 45
0,05 0,05
X1Ic6 MHlICKMH H3 CMeCH p)l(aHOH Cem!OH M}'KM H nIlleHM'IHOii nepBoro
copTa C n05aBneHHeM naToKM, conu H TMuua BbIpa6aTbIBaroT nOnOBbIM IllTyq-
HbIM npononrOBaTO-oBaJIbHOii $OpMbI M8ccoii 0,4-0,8 Kr.
TIpHMepHbIe pa3MepbI xne6a MaCCOH 0,5 Kr: 1J:JIMHa 25-27 CM, llIHplma
9-10 CM.
TecTo rOTOBHT Ha rYCTOH 3aKBaCKC B nae (3aKBaCKa, TCCTO) rom 3a-
BapHb!M cnocoOOM B lJeTblpe (3aI.cnacKa, 3aBapKa 3aKBaIllcHHaH, 3aBapKa,
TCCTO) CTanuH.
B pa3BOn01ffiOM I.U1Kne rycTYro 3aKBacKY MO)!(HO npHroToBnHTb C npH-
MeHeHMCM 'lliCTbIX KynbTYP MOJIO'IHOKMcnbIX 6aKTepHH HnH cyxoro naKTO-
6aKTcpIiHa, KaK YKa3aHo B rnaBe II npM OnHC8Hl!H crroco6oB BbIBenemm
3aKBaCKM H3 p:>KaHOH 0OOHHOii H 06}],HpHOii Myr<H. 169
3aKBaCKa rycTaJI, Kr
MYKa C 3sKBacKofi, 1(1'
Onapa, Kr
MYKa p)I(aHa>I CCJIHa>I, Kr
IIpO)l()I(lI XJlC60nCKapHble
npeCCOBaHHbIe, Kr
168
113'33 nOmoKeHHoro COnep)l(aHHiI B p)l(aHOM CeHHOH M}'Ke paCTBOpl1MbIX
ffiITaTCJ1bHbIX BemeCTB WIH pa3BI1TIfH MHKpO«pnOpbI ryCTYIO 3aKBaCKY B P33-
BOnO'ilIOM IUIKne roTOBHT C H3'lanbHOH TeMnepaTypoH 25-28°C 11 Bbi6pa)lGf-
BaroT fl,0 KHCnOTHOCTl1, rpa,lJ,: 4-6 (I 4>a3a); 5 -7 (II «pa3a); 6-8 (III <pa3a).
npl1rOTOBneHHYIO no pa3BOD:0'ilWMY IUiKny 3aKBacKY u en eco06pa3Ho
OCBe)f-aTb nc MeHee 5 paJ 11 nanee pacXO,lJ,OnaTb Ha npl1rOTOBneHl1e TCCTa
11 BocnpOH3BOneTBo 3aKBaCKH.
Bna)!(!IOCTb 3aKBaCKH B npoH3BoncTBcHHOM UHKlIC nOMep>KHBalOT
46-48%.
l' a G n II U a 83
PeuenTypa It pC:iaiM npHi'OTOBJleUHH TCCTa AM XJle6a MIIItCKOrO B ABC II 'ICTLlpe CTaj1HH
npH Bblpa60TKe XJlc6a MHHCKOrO nOnYCKaCTCH npHMCHCHHe 3aKBaCKH
H3 p)l(aHOU 06;J,HpHOH M}'KH B KOnH'lCCTBC ,lJ,O 10% B nepeC'leTe IIa M}'I<Y OT
06meH MaCCbI M}'KH Ha TeCTO.
PCQCnTypa If pe)lGfM npHrOTOBnCHHH TeCTa nJUi XJle6a MHHCKoro Ha
rYCToii 33KBaCKC npe,lJ,CTaBnCHbI B TaM. 83.
npn AByxcTa,IJ,HHHOH TeXHonorHH TeCTO MO)l(HO 3aMeillHBaTb Ropun-
OHHO HJJH HenpepbIBHO C nOCJIenYIOll[HM 6po)l(CHHCM no HaKonrreHHH Tpe-
6YC!\lOfl KHcnOTHOCTIf. TMRH MO)!(l!O BHOCHTb B TeCTO 11m!' nOCbmaTb HM Te-
CTOBble :JarOTOBKH.
np!! }'BeJIH'lemrn KonHtJeCTBa 3aKBaCKH (no 60% B nepectIeTe Ha MY-
KY) npO,lJ,OJI>KHTenbHOcTb 6pO)l(eHliH TCCTa COKpamacTcH no 30-40 MHH,
OnliaKO npH :nOM EbwCtJeHllbIH XJlc6 CKJIOHeH K 60nee 6bICTpoMY '1CpCTBC-
Hl1!O .
npH npHrOTOBJIeHlIl1 TeCTa 3aBapHbIM cnoco60M B 'IeTbIpC CTal1HH Ka-
treCTBO MaHCKoro XJle6a no opraHOnenTH'leCKUM nOK:J.3aTcrrHM (BKYCY,
apOiVW.TY) nonY'IaeTCH nY'lllle.
JJ,J1H npHroTOBneHHH ocaxapeHHOH 3aBapKM M'jKY p>KaHYIO ceHHYIO
H nepCTcpTblH TMHH 3aBapH.BalOT BO.n.OM "PH nCpCMCilll1BaHHI1 no nonYtJe-
rom onHopOnHOH MaCCbl C Ha'lanbHOH TeMnepaTypOH 63 65°C C nocne-
nyIOHlHM ocaXapMBaIillCM B Te'leHl1e 2-3 'laCOB.
JJ,ilR nY'llllero ocaxapHBaHHH pCKoMeHnyeTcH Hocne 3aBapHB3Hl:!JJ MYKI1
n06aBItHTb «pepMeHTHbiM npenapaT A!\.nmopH3HH n-lOx.
OcaxapcHHYIO 3aBapKY 3aKBaUIHBalOT npl1 TeMnepaTYpe ,32-34° C C
nOMOlilblO rycToH 3aKBaCKM no KI1CJIOTHOCTI1 6-8 rpan H nanee BCIO nop-
'-0110 ce I1CnOnb3YIOT Ha npHrOTOBneHl1e TeCTa C BHeCeHl1eM OCTaBillerOCH
KOnl1'1eCTB3 MYKH M npyrHx Bl1nOB CbIpbH no peuenTYpe.
x."e6 MI1HCKMH 1\10)l(HO npHrOTOBnHTb TaK>Ke 3aBapHbiM cnoc060M
Ha TepMo«pHJJbHOH 3aKnaCKe (3aKBallIeHHOH 3aBapKe), KOTOpylO nepBo-
HaqanbHO nonY'lalOT no pa3BOnO'lHOMY IU!Kny H3 'lHCTOH KynbTypbI
L. delbrueckii-76, .n.pyrl1x TepMo<pHJJbHbIX llIT8MMOB HJJI1 cyxoro JlaKTO-
6aKTCpl1IIa (Ta6JI. 84).
PBCXOP: CLIpbJlII napaMeTphI npon;ecca
IIpHr01'OBneHWI TecTa
HIIHMeHOBBHHe CbIphJl, B JJ:B e CT3J:UfiI B qeThIpC CT3JXHH
nonycpa6pHKaroB TeCTO
II nOKB3BTeneH lIponecca 3a- TeCTO 3a- 3anapKa 3anapKB
KBaCKa KBaCKB ocaxa- 3BKBa-
pemuIJI illeHHlIJI
170
3aKBaCKa ryCTa , Kr 26 81 15 44
MYI«: p)I(aHM ce Ha , Kr 34 40 18 10 55
MYKa nmClill'IHM XJlcGone- 10 iO
Kaplia ncpBoro copTa. Kr
3aBapKa ocaxapeliHaJI, Kr 27,S
3aBapJ<a 3aK alI1eHHM, Kr 81
AMHnOp1l3l1H n-l0X, Kr 0.02
]1PO)l()I(I1 xJlC60neKapHbIe 0,5 0,5
npCCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapcHHaH nllllle- 1,5 1,5
B3JI, Kr
naToKa, Kr 2 .2
TMIIH, Kr 0,2 0,2
BOLla, Kr 21 no pac- 10 17,5 10 no pac-
'IeTY 'leTY
BJla)I(HOCTb, % 46-48 lie 60- 46-48 68-70 59,5- He 60-
nec 60,S nce
W xn + W xn +
+ (0,5-1,0) + (0,5-1,0)
TeMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHB5I, 25-28 28-30 25-28 .63-65 32-34 28-30
°c
npOJ:\on>KHTCJlbHOCTb oca- 120-180
xapllBaHII II OXJla)l(,lJ;CHlI ,
MlIlI
np0J:\on)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6po. 210-270 60-90 210-270 IS0-180 60-90
)l(eH}J , MlIlI
KI1CJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IH3JI, 6-8 5,5-9 6-8 6-8 5,5-9
rpaJI.
171
npll IIpllrOTOBnernm TeCTa mo6bIM 1I3 OIIHcaIIHbIX BbIIlle crrocoGoB B
TeCTOMecllnbHyw MaUlliHY A0311pYWT rrony<pa6pHKaTbI, corteBoH paCTBOp,
rraTOKY, BOpY rro paCqeTY, M}'KY p>KaJIYW ceHHYW II eHH'}HYW rrepBoro
copTa II rrpoI13BOJJ)IT 3aMec AO rronyqeHIIH OAHOpoAHOH MaCCbI C rrocneAY-
WIl\HM 6pO>KeHlleM AO KHCJ10THOCTII 5,5-9 rpaA.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3AenbmaWT Ha KYCKII, C<pOpMOBaHHbIe TecTOBbIe
3arOTOBKII YKna.rr,bwaWT Ha AOCKII; 06nmYTbIe TKaHbW II rrOCbITIaHHbIe MY-
KOH, II nOABepraWT paCCTOHKe B TeqeHlle 45-50 MIDI rrpH TeMrrepaTYpe
36-40° C.
nepen nocaAKoH B ne'lb TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH peKoMeHAyeTcH HaKa-
nbIBaTb II pacrronaraTb Ha rroAY netrn Ha HeKoTopoM paCCTOHHIDI npyr OT
npyra BO 1136e>KaHlle rrpIlTIlCKOB, TpeIl.\HH H BbITIJIbIBOB.
Xne6 BbUIeKaWT rrpH TeJ\1TIepaType rreKapHoH KaMepbI 260-280° C
B TeqeHHe 25-35 MMH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI xne6a II KOHCTP}'KTHBHbIX
oco6eHHocTeH ne'll!.
npH BbIeMKe 113 rre'lli xne6 peKOMeHAyeTcH orrpbICKHBaTb BOnOH.
TaGJlHua 84
PeucnTYpa II PC)Kl!M npllrOTOBneH!HI TepMor1mJIbHCH 3aKD:!CKH
B pa3BOAO'IIIOM UHKJle (Ha 100 Kr MyKli B IV qla:lC)
HIIHMeHOBaHHC CblpbH, <1>a3bI Pa3BOp;otJ:uoro 1,,'Kn8
nonycp86pHKaToB
H nOK838Tcneii npOn;eCC8 II III IV
)!(lIAKaH KynbTyp8 L. delbrueckii-7 6, 0,1
n 1IJ111 CYCIICH31151 cyxoro JlaKTO-
6aKTcpflHa I1J1H TCpMOq,lIJ1bHbIX
XJlC6HbIX 3aKBaCOK (10 )J.03 B
100 MJI BOnDI) , JI"
TCpMoq,UJlbHaH 3aKBaCKa npeAbI- 4 20 100
AYlllCH <lJa3b1, KI'
3aBapKa ocaxapCHHaH 113 MYI(lI 3,9 16 80 300
p)K8nOH cemroH II BO)J.M (1: 3) . Kr
Macca TCpMOq,lIJ1bHOH 3aKBaCKlI, 4 20 lOO 400
Kr
Bm:)I(HOCTb, % 79-80 79-80 79--80 79 80
Te mcpaTypa H3'JaJ1!.HaH, 0 C 50-52 50 52 50-52 50-52
KlICJ10THOCTb KOne'IH8J1., rpap; 9-12 10-12 10-12 10-12
npO):\OJl)l(HTenbtIOCTb '3aKBaIllI1Ba- 24 9-10 8-9 5 7
HIH!. 'J
l' a G n II U a 85
PCUCn1YP3 II PC)!(lIM npllrOTOBJlCHIIH TecTa AJiH MIIHCKoro XJleGa
B 'IeTLlpe CT3J\lIl1 Ha rYCTOH II TepMocpllJIbHOH 33KBaCK3X
HaUMCHOB8HlIC CbIpbH, Pacxop; CbIpbH II nap3MeTpbl npOIJ;eCca
nonycpa6pllK81'OB
H nOKa3al'CJIeH 3I1KBaCKa 33B8pKa 3I1KBaCKa
npon;ecc8 rYCT8H ocaxapeH- TepMO- TeCTO
HaJI cpWIbHaJI
3aKBaCKa rYCTaH, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHM CCHHaJI, Kr
MYKa nlI1CHlI'IHaJl. XJle60nCKapHall
ncpBoro COpTa, Kr
3aBapKa ocaxapcHHM, Kr
3aKBaCKa TCpMoq,lIJIbIIaH, Kr
IIpO)l()I(lI XJ1cGonCI(apHbIe-npecco-
BaHHbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapeHHaH nMlllCBM, Kr
naTOKa, 1(1'
TMlIH. Kr""
Bona, Kr
Bm:)I(HOCTL, %
" no pa3Bo)J.O'lHoMy L\HKJlY TCpMO lIJIbHYIO 3aKBacKY oGHOBJIHIOT OGbItIHo 'JCpC3
2-3 MCC.
B npoH3BoJJ,cTBeHHoM IJ,HKne ee rroAJJ,ep)KHBaHJT npH IeMnepaType 50-
53°C nYTeM OCBe>KeIIHH ocaxapeHHoH 3:lBapKoH.
PeIJ,errTypa 1I TeXHOnOrll'IeCKliH pe>KHM rrpHrOTOBneI-fHJ.[ TeCTa ):(.,TJ1i MHH-
CKoro xne6a Ha TepMo<pHJI.bHOH 3aKBaCKe npenCTaBneHbI B Ta6JI. 85.
B npoH3BOncTBeHHoM l(HKne TepMo<pHJIbHYHJ 3aKBacKy rronyqaHJT ny-
TeM 3aKBaIllHBaHHH ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKlI rrpH rroEbIIlleHHoH TeMrrepaType
50-53°C C rrOMOIl.\bIO qaCTIl TepMo<pHJlbHOH 3aKBaCKH rrpeAbI.LJ:yruero npH-
rOTOBnemm.
TCMncpaTypa Ha'laJ1bHaH, 0 C
npO}:\on)l(IfTeJlbHOCTb ocaxapHBa-
HlIJI., MlIH
npO}:\omI<lfTeJlbHOCTb GpO)l(CmIH,
MlIH
KlICJlOTII<;JCTb KOHC'lHM, rpap;
B OTnH'IlIe OT ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKH, 3aKBaIlleHHoH rYCToH 3aKBaCKOH
npH TeMrrepaType 32-34°C (Ta6JI. 83), -repMoiPliJIbHaH 3aKBaCKa I1MeeT
Gonee IIpI1HTHbIH KHCJIO-cna.rr,KHH BKYC H <PPYKTOBbIH apoMaT H3-3a I10BbI-
IlleHHoro COAep>KaHHH apoMaTo06pa3YHJII.\HX Bell\eCTB (aIJ,eTHna, aIJ,eTOlma
HAp.),
15
18
44
55
10
10
27,5
9,2"
27,5
0,5
1,5
2
0,2
11 17,5
46-48 68-70 68-70
25-28 63-65 50-53
90-120
210-270 480-540
6-8 8-10
no paC'IeTY
HC GOJlce
W XI1 +
+ (0,5-1,0)
28-30
60-90
5,5-9,0
"
Ka)l(!jb!fi pa3 oTGapaIOT OT npe)J.bIAYlllcH nopuHIf TCpMOq,lIJIbHOfi 3aKBaCKIf.
"" 1l0nycKaeTcH lICn0JIb30BaTb Ha nOCblnKY TecTOBbIX sarOTOBOK.
173
172
3aBapKY rOTOBHT B MaUillHe X3-2M-300 IDIH npymx MapOK nyreM
3aB8pHBaHIDI 'laCTH pilGlHOH CeflHOH MyKU, rrCperepTOrO "TMHHa, conop;a
C rrOMOlllbIO rOpH'1eH BO]J,b1 C Tel\mep<lTypoi1 95-98°C. Ha'lanbHafl TeMrrepa-
°
Typa 3afJapKH nOmKHa 6bITb 63-65 C.
npY OTOBneHHYID 3aBapKY ocax.apHBaIOT IlpH naHHoH TeMrrepaTYpe
B Te'leHHC 2-3 'l, nepeMeIIDIBaIOT H OCTaBnHHH 11.JU!. oxnajI()J,eHIUI no TeMlle-
paTypbI 32-35° C, KOTopoe 06bI'JHO' rrpOno.J1)f(aeTCfl B Te'leHIfe 5 -8 'l.
B ocaxapeHHyIO If oxna)K,!J;eHHYIO 3aBapKY BHOCHT "cnenoe" reCTO 11)Ifl
3aKBalliliBaHHfl ee B TelIeHMe 5-6 '1 npM 32-35°C, lIocne 'lero n0681mflIOT
npeCCOBaHHbIe npo)lOKii (nY'lIIIe aKTIfBMpOBaHHbIe) H rrpOnomKaY.JT 33KBa-
nnman elUe B Te'leHHe 30-60 MHH.
3aKBallieHHa.!I 3aBapKa (ollapa) rrpeACTaBIU1eT co60ii 6pO}Jy,lUYID Mac-
cy cnanKOBaTO-KHcnOBaToro BKyca 1'1 rrpHflTHoro apoMaTa C 3arraXOM TYvilma.
K 3aKBZllieHHoii 38BapKe n06aBTIHIOT OCT8BllieeCH KOnH1JeCTBO M)'KH,
rraToKY, coneBoM paCTHOp, BOny rro paC'lery, 38MeIIDIBaIOT TeCTO no onno-
ponHOH K0H:CHCTeHIL"liH II BbI6pail\1maIOT ero no BaKOlU1eHIffl KUCJIOTHOCrn
5,5-9 rpan C rrocnenyIOllteH pa3.QenKoH, paccToMKOH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK
1'1 Bbme'lKoii xne6a.
Peu:errTypa If TeXHOnOrIf'leCKHM peiKIfM npIfrOTOBneHIfH TeCTa B lJeTbIpe
CTa;O;HH C 3'aKBaIlilffiaHHeM 3aBapKH TOH 3aKBaCKOH npenCTaBneHbI B
Ta6n. 87.
Xne6 pIDKCKHA
XJIe6 pHjI(CKHii: H] CMeCH MyKH pjl(aHOH ceflHoH, nIlleHH1JHOH nepBoro
copTa, ueI}JepMeHTHpOBaHHOro conona H ;o;pyrIfX BBnOB CLIpbfl BbIpa6aTliI-
BaIOT 3aBapHbIM nO;O;OBbIM, IllTY'IHbIM Mac'coii 0,5 -0,8 Kr npo;o;orrroBaTO-
OBaJIbHOH I}JOpMbI C T}'IIbIMH KOH MH. npHMepH8R nmma XJIe6a MaccoM
0,5 Kr 23-26 CM, nrnpIfHa 7-10 CM.
TeCTO 1J)Ifl XJIe6a pHjI(CKOrO rOTOBJH B TPH (3aBapKa, 3aKBaUleHHaJi
3aBapKa, TecTo) IDIH lJeTbIpe (3aKBaCKa, 3aBapKa, 3aKBallIeHHaH 3aBapKa.
TeCTO) CTI1JUfH.
PeL\errTypa H peiKIfM npHroToBneHHfl TeCTa B Tpll CTa;o;IfIl C 3aKBanrn-
BaHHeM 3aBapKH "crrenbIM" TeCTOM rrpe;O;CTaBneHbI B Ta6n. 86.
l' a 6 n 11 U a 86
PeQenTYpa H pC1KHM npuroTOIlJIClIHB TecTa ;tJIJt XJlc6a pHIKCKoro
B TPII CTIlt\HH C 3aKBaWIIBaHIICM 3aBapKH "CnCJlhlM" TCCTOM
H8HMeHOBaIlHe CbIphlt, PacxoJJ; CbIpbR H napBMeTpbI npOJJ;eCCB
nony$B6pHKaTOB
II nOKa3BTenCH npOJJ;eCCB 38BapKa 3aBapKa
OCBxapeH- 3aKBaweH- TeCTO
Ha.II Hall (onapB)
"CnClIoe" TeCTO, Kr 10
MYKa B "cnenOM" TCCTC, Kr S
MYKa p)l(aHaH CCJIHaH, Kr 25 55*
MYKa TIIllCHlI'lHaR xJle60ncKapHM IIepBOrO cop- 10
Ta, Kr
COJlop: p)l(aHoil Heq,cpMeHTlIpOBaIlH!.Ifi, Kr 5**
3anapKa ocaxapeHHaJl, Kr 78.4-81,4
3anapKa 3aKBaIllCHHa5l, Kr 88.5 -91',5
J];PO)l()I(lI XJle60neI<apHLIc npeccOBaIIHLIC. Kr 0,1"'**
Conb nOBapeHHM nll eBM, Kr 1,5
naToKa, Kr 5
TMllII, Kr 0,4
Bona. KT 48-51 no paC1lcTY
BJla)!(llOCTb, % 67 -69 65-67 He 60nce
W xn +
+ (D,S-I,D)'
TeMncpaTYpa Ha'laJIbHaR, 0 C 63-65 32-35 29-32
nponOJ!)l(HTelIbHOCTb ocaXapllBaIIlIR. MlIH 180-300
npOAOmKMTeJIbHOCTb OXJIa>K)J.CHlIH, MlIH 300-480
npOnOlI)I(HTeJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHlIJI, MHH 360-420 60 -85
KIICIIOTHOCTL I<OHC'IHaJI, rpap; 8-10 5,5-9
l' a 6 II II U a 87
PCQemypa II pe)lOlM npnrOTOBJleHWI TeCTIll\1lH XJJc6a pJ!)I(CKoro
Ha rycToii 3aKBaCKe B 'IeTLIpe CT iill
PacxQA CblpbR H napBMeTpbI npOJJ;eCCB
HIDIMeHOBaIlHe CbIpbJI,
nony$a6pHKBToB 3a- 3BBapKa 3aBapKB
H nOKB3aTenen npouecca KBaCKB ocax a- 3BKBBWeH- TeCTO
peHHBJI HBJI (onB-
pa)
3aKBacKa ryCTM, Kr
MYKa B 3aKBaCKe, Kr
MYKa p)l(aHaJI Ce5lHaJl, Kr
MYKa ITlI1eHH1j}!M XJleGollcKapHM nep-
Bora copTa, Kr
COlIon p)l(aHoil Heq,epMeHTlIpOBmHbIfi,
Kr
3aBapKa ocaxapCHHa5l, Kr
3HBapKa 3aKBamCHHaH, Kr
MYKa B onape, Kr
npo)l()I(J! XJlcGoneKapHbIe npCCCOBmHble,
Kr
COJIb nOBapCHHaR nll CBllii, Kr
naTOKa. Kr
TMlIH, Kr
* B TOM 'IHCJle 2 Kr MYKII paCXOP:YIOT npll pa3nCIIKe TeCTa.
** nonycKaeTCH 2,5 Kr conop;a 3aMeHlITh paBHLIM KOJlll1jCCTBOM MYKII C n06anne-
HIICM 7,5 r q,cpMeHTHOrO npcnapaTa AMHJIOpH3l1H n-10X.
*** JJ;pO)l()I(If peKoMalAYCTcfl aKTHBHpoBaTb 30 MlIH B 3anapKc npH COOTHOWeHlIH
1 :1,3.
74
2,1
1,3
6.7
13,3*
8
,20 25 5 52-47....
10
5
6.5,4-70,4
BCP
38-43
0,4
1,5
:5
0,4
175
npOnOJl)l(eHlIe TaGJI. 87
l' a 6 JI Ii U a 88
Pacxop: CbIpbli II napBMeTpbI npouecca
HBHMeHOBBHHe CbIpbJl.
nony4>a6pmc8ToB 38- 38BapKB 3:mapK8
Ii nOKB3aTeJleH npOI\ecca KnaCKa ocaxa- 3BKBameH- TeCTO
peHHWI HWI (ona-
pa)
Pe cnTYP!l Ii pew.JiM npHI'OTOBJleHHH TCCTa AJIB xJleGa pHJlCCKOI'O
Ha JlHHIIH ,,MHm','!" C 3BKBalI1l1B3HIICM 3anapKH I'YCTOH 3aKnaczeoA
Bop:a,KI'
Bna)I(HOCTb, %
4,5
48-49
40
fJ3-67
no paC'IeTY
59-61
no paC'ICTY
He 60nec
W xn +
+ (0,5-1,0)
30-32
PaCXOJJ; CbIpbSl II napBMeTpbl npOI\eCC8
HaUMeHOBBHHe CbIpMI,
nony$a6pmcaToB Ii nOKa3BTcnen 3a- 38BapKB 38BapK8
npon;ecca KB8CKB ocaxa- 3BKna- TeCTO
p eHJI8R meHHWI
(onapa)
180-300
7-9
90-120
5.5-9
3aKBaCIca rycTaH, Kr 1,3 8,1
MYKa B 3aKBaCKe, Kr 0.8 5
MYKa pJKaHM ceHHaH, KI' 4,2 20-25 54-56"
MYKa nlI1CHlI'lHaH XIIe60ncKapHaH ncpBoro 10
cOpTa, KI'
COJlon p)l(aHo!! HcI1>CpMCHTHpOBaHHblfi, lIT 5
3aBapKa ocaxapeHHM, KI' 68,4
3aBapKa 3aKBalI1CHHaH (oHapa), Kr 76,8
MYKa B 3aKBalI1CHHOH 3aBapKe (onape), KI' 33
IIpo)l()I(lI xJle60nCKapHbIc npeccoBaJ{HbIC, 0,1 *"
Kr
COJIb !IOBa pCHHaH nllIIlcBaH, Kr 1.5
narOKa, Kr 5
TMHII, Kr 0,4
BOJ:\a,Kr 2,6 43-52 no paC'JCTY
Bna)l(HOCTb, % 48 49 67 -69 65 -67 He Goncc
W XJI +
+ (0,5-1,0)
TeMnepaT}'pa Ha'JaJIbHaH, 0 C 26-28 63-65 30 - 32 28-30
npop:OJl)!(llTeJlbIIOCTL ocaxapUBaHlIH. MIIH 90-180
npOD,OJl)l(HTeJlbIIOCTL OXJIa)l()J;CHIUI, MIDI 60-120
npOnOJl)I(HTCJlbHOCTL GpO)l(CHlIH, Mllli 180-210 180-300 75 -90
KlICJlOTHOCTL KOHC'lHaH, rpap; 6-3 8-10 5,5-9
TeMITepaTypa Ha'laJ1bIIM, 0 C
npOp:OJI)I(l!TCnLHOCTb ocaxapllBaJ{lIB, MHH
npOp:OJI)I(l!TeJIbIIOCTb OXJla)l()J;eHIIH, MHH
npop:on)l(l!TeJIbHOCTb 6pOJKCHlIH, MHH
KHcnOTHoCfL KOHe'IHaSl, rpap;
25-28 63-65
180-300
300-480
210-240
6-8
30-32
" 1l0nycKacTcH lICnOnL30BaJ{lIe 3aKBaCKlI 113 P)l(aHOH OGD,lIpHOH MYKII B ICOJl!I-
qeCTBC 110 10% B nCpeC'IeTe Ha MYKY K 0611(eH Macce MYICII Ha TeCTO.
"" B TOM '!Ilene 2 Kr MYKlIlIcnonb3}'IOT Ha pa3p:CJ1KY Tcera.
fYCTYIO 3aKBacKY nepBOHaqaJIbHO BbIDOWIT no pa3BOrrollliOMY LlI1Kny,
KaK }'Ka3aHO npll OIIlIcamm npoLlecca BbIBeAeHIIH ee AJUI xne6a 113 p)KaHOH
ceHHOH M}'KII.
B npOH3BOACTBeHHOM Llm<ne 3aKBaCKY OCBe)!(aIOT B Ae)Kax no AOCTII-
)Kemm KHcnOTHOCTH 6,5 -7,5 rpaJJ,.
.D.rrH ynY'IIlleHHH nOA'beMHoii ClillbI 3aKBaCKII npH Ka)l(,D;OM OCBe)l(e-
HHH MO)!(HO Ao6aBmlTb qaCTb npeAycMOTpeHHbIX peLlenTypoH npeccoBaH-
HbIX Ap0)K)I(eH.
3aBapKY rOTOBHT, ocaxapHBaIOT H oxna:>lQJ;aIOT 06bI'llibIM cnoco60M,
KaI< }'Ka3bIBaJIOCb paHee. 06bI'lliO noprrI1IO 3aBapKII rOTOBHT Ha 2-4 nop-
lum 3aKBaIlleHHoH 3aBapKH (onapbI).
npH npllroToBneHHH onapbI K ocaxapeHHoii 3aBapKe Ao6aBnHIOT nop-
LlIIIO rYCToH 3aKBaCKII, pa3BeAeHHble B BOAe APO)!()I(If, M)'Ky p)l(aHYIO ceH-
Hyro H npoH3BoAHT 3aMec B TeqeHHe 15-20 MHH AO IIonyqeUHH OAHOPOA-
HOH MaCChI C nocneAYIOIl.{HM BbI6pa:>lGmaUHeM AO KHcnOTIIOCTH 7 -9 rpaJJ,.
B BbI6po)!(eHHYIO onapy BHOCHT OCTaJIbHOe cblpbe no peLlenType, npo-
H3B01J)JT 3aMec TeCTa B TelJelllie 10-15 MIDi AO nonyqeHIIH OAHOPOAIIOH
MaCCbI C nocneAYIOIl.{HM 6pO)l(eIUleM, pa3Aem<OH, pacCToiiKoH TeCTOBbIX
3arOTOBOK H BbIIIe'lKoii xne6a.
OlIHcaHHbIH cnoco6 nopLllloHHoro npllrOIOBneHHH TeCTa Ha onape ocy-
IltecmnHIOT 06bI'lliO B Ae)l(ax.
" B TOM '!Ilene 2 Kr MYKII paCXOP:YIOT npll pa3D,eJIKe TeCTa.
*" llpO)l(J!GI peKOMClIp;yCTCB aKTlIBlipoBaTb 25-30 MlIH npll TCMnepaTYpe 29-30 0 C
B ITIITaTCJILHOfi cpcAe 113 2 Kr BOI1b! II 0.03 Kr conOI1B.
I1MeeTcH OnhIT npoH3BOAcrna pIi)KCKOrO xneGa C nopUHOHHbIM npHro-
TOBneHHeM TeCTa B qeTblpe cTaJJ,JUI Ha rrHHHII ,,MHHerr" (TafuI. 88, pHC. 15).
.D.rrH 3aKBalilllBaHl!H ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKII Mcnonb3YlOT rycTyIO 3a-
KBacKy, Ha B0306HoBneHHe KOTOpOll B npoH3BoAcTBeHHoM 4MKne Hcnorrb-
3yroT 20% rOTOBon 3aKBaCKII.
176
177
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3aBapKY Ha HeCKOITbKO nopIUiH TeCTa rOTOBHT B 3aBap0'llibIX Manrn-
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M}'Ky, nepeTepTbIH TMHH, 3aJIJIDaIOT BOAY B 2-3 npReMa C TeMDepaTypoH
95-97°C, nepeMenrnBaIOT AO nOJfYtIeHHH OAHOPOAHOH MaCCbI, A06aBJfHIOT
COITO});, CHOBa nepeMelIlHBaIOT " nepeKa'llIBaIOT B 6aKR WUI ocaxapRBaHHH.
OcaxapeHHYIO 3aBapKY nepeKatrnBaIOT B 6aKH C BOwrnOH Py6aun<OH
AIU! OXJIa)K.[(eHHH AO TeMnepaTypbI 30-32°C.
B OXJ1a)K.[(eHHYIO ocaxapeHHYIO 3aBapKY R3 6}'HKepa, nepeMell\aeMoro
no peJ1bCaM, A03HPYIOT rYCTYIO 3aKBaCKY AIU! 3aKBaIllliBaHHJI ee B TetIeHHe
TpeX tIaCOB np" 30-32° C, nOCJIe tIero Maccy nepeMellIHBaIOT, BHOCHT aKTH'
BHpoBaHHbIe Apo>!O!ill H npOAOn>KaIOT 3aKBallIHBaHHe B TeqeHHe ABYX tIaCOB.
3aKBarueHHyro 3aBapKY (onapy) R Apyrne BRAbI CblpbH no peQenrype
A03HpY.!OT Ha 3aMec TeCTa B MamHHe nepHOAlitIeCKOrO AeHCTBHH AO nony-
tIeHHH OAHOpOAHOH MaCCbI C nOCJIeAYIOIl\HM 6pO>KeHHeM B ceKIUiHx 6}'H-
KepHom arperaTa. Bbl6po>KeHHOe TecTO nocTynaeT Ha pa3AeJIKY, <»OpMO-
BaHRe TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK, paCCTOHKY H BbmetIKY Ha nHHH" "MHHeJI".
.D.rrH 3aKBanrnBaHHH ocaxapeHHOH 3aBapKH BMeCTO rYCTOH 3aWBaCKH
MO>KHO HCnOnb.30BaTb "cnenoe" TeCTO.
l' a 6n H [U 89
PCQemypa II pe)l,"HM npllrOTOBJlelllUI TeCTa AJIH XJlc6a pU)I(CKOrO
C 3aKBamHBaHHCM 38BapKH TCpMO$HJlbHOH 3aKBBCKOA:
PaCXO)]; CblploJl II rapllMeTpbl npOI ecca
HSHMeHOB8HHC CbIpbJl,
nony4>a6pIIK8TOB 3an8pKa 3aKB8- 3anapK8
II nOK838TeJIeH ocaX8- CK8 Tep- c6pillKeH- TeCTO
npol{ccca . pCHH8.11 M04>HJIb- HM
H8II
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I COpT8., Kr
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Kr
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np0)l()I(lI npeCCOBaHHblC xneGoneK8pHbJe,
Kr
Conr. nOBapCHHaJI IIlII1.(CBa5I, Kr
n8TOK8, Kr
TMlIH. Kr
BOn8.Kr
0',4
50-55
179
np0l10JI)I(eHlIe Ta6J1. 89
8-10
120-150
9-12
55-75
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Te'::To Ha C6pO)KeHlmH 3aBapKe 3aMermmalOT 6e3 3aJIHBa BOJJ;hI B TeCTO-
MecHnbHoH Marmme nenpephIBHoro Hnu nOpl.\uOHHOro JJ;eHcTBHH C nocne-
JJ;yroIlU1M 6pQ)KeHMcM JJ;0 KHcnOTHOCTM 5,5-9 rpa}J;.
TecTo JJ;nH XJle6a pU)KCKOrO, npHrOTOBJ1eHHOe J1106hIM H3 onMcaHHhIX
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MaliIHHY H <pOp!l1}'IOT C nOJJ;chITIKOH MyKH B BHJJ;e 6aTOHoB. TeCToBhle 3aro-
TOBKH nOMell.\alOT Ha KacceThI, 06THHYThle TKaHhlO H HanpaBnHIOT B pac-
CTOHHbIH liIKa<p }J;JIH paccTOHKM B TeqeHMe 50-70 MHH npH TeMllepaType
35-45°C. PacCToHBlillIecH TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH HaKaJIhIBaIOT, onphICKH-
BalOT B0}10H H BhmeKaroT B ne'lli "MMHen" HJIH JJ;pyrHx MapoK npH TeMlle-
parype 210-285°Cn .eqeHMe 23-26 MHH.
PHJKCKHH XJle6 )!(CnaTenbHO BbITIeKaTh C npeJJ;BapHTenhHoH 06)KapKOH,
T. e. nepBble 5-7 MllH rrpH BbICOKOH (oKono 300°C), a 3aTeM 60nee mn-
KOH TeMnepaType (230-240° C) .
fipu BbIXO)J,e H3 ne'lli rOTOBbIe H3}1enHH onphICKMBaIOT BOJJ;oH.
PacxojJ; CbIpbH H napaMCTpbI npo ccca
HaHr;,1eHO»3.HHe ChIpLJI,
nony 85pHKaTOB 38BapKa 3aKBa- 3aBapKa
H IIOKa3aTeneH ocaxa- CKa TCp- C6p0)ICeH- TeCTO
npou,ccca peHHWI MOciJHITh- HWI
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70-74
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+ (0,5-1,0)
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npoI1 0Jl )l(UTeJI.bHOCTb OC8xapMBaHMH, MlIH
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MlI!!
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KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHetlHM, rpap;
63-65 50-53
300-400
360-420
30-35
* 3TO KOJl1l1lCCTBO TCpMot1Jl!JIbIIOn 3aKB8CKlI 11 C6pO)l(eHHOn 38BapKlI oCTaCTCH
OT npCJJ,bIAYll(ero KOJIlI'ICCTBa JJ,JlH B0306HOBJleHlIH npOlJ,ecca.
** B TOM 'IHCJlC 2 Kr MYKII pacxoJJ,YIOT npll pa3p;CJlKC TeCTa.
Xne6 >KHTHhrlt
TeCTO }J;JlfI pH)!(CKOrO XJle6a npHroToBnHIOT TaK)Ke B }1e)Kax ImH Ha
mmn:H "MMHen" l;Ia 3aBapKe, 3aKBaliIeHHoM TepMo<pHnbHOM MonO'lliOKHC-
nOM 3aKBacKoM (Ta6n. 89).
,JJ,nH rrpMroToBneHHH TepMo<pMJ1hHOM 3aKBaCKH no pa3Bo}J;otmOM)' U;HK-
ny HCllonh3YlOT 'lliCTYIO KynbTYPY L.delbrueckii-76 MJ1H CYXOH mU<:T06aKTe-
pHH }J;JIfi TepMo<pMJ1bHbIX XJle6HbIX 3aKBaCOK, KaK :no onHcaHO npHMelill-
TenbJ!O K MHHCKOMY XJle6y.
B npoH3BoJJ;cTBeHHoM U;HKJ1e 50% TepMo<pMJ1bHOH 3aI<BaCKU (3aKBa-
liIelmoH npH 50-53° C 3aBapKH) oT6HpaIOT }J;JlfI npuroToBneHHH C6p0)KeH-
HOl'! npn 30-32° C 3aBapKH, a K oCTaBllleHcH Macce JJ;06aBnHIOT paBHo:
KOnHqeCTBO ocaxapeHHoH 3aBapKH }J;JIH BocnpoH3Bo}J;cTBa TepMo<pMJ1bHOU
3aKBaCKH.
IIocneJJ;HHH HMeeT rrplUITHbIH H6JIo'llibIM apoMaT H CJIaJJ;KOBaTO-KHC-
nOBaThIM BKYC. C6pa>IG1Balille 3aKBarneHIfOM 3aBapKU Be}J;YT npM Tervrnepa-
TYpe 30-32°C }J;JIfi pa3BHTIlH B HeH JJ;p0)K:>!<eBbIX KJIeTOK H Me30<pHnhHbIx
MonO<;:HOKHCJIbIX 6aKTepHH.
B pa3Bo}J;0'IHOM lI,RKne }J;JIH nony"eHHH 3aKBaCKH K 1 Kr ocaxapeH-
HOH 3aBapKH, OXJla)KJJ;eHHoH JJ;O TervrneparypbI 30-35° C, BHOCHT 1 n cMec
'lliCTbIX KynbTYP JJ;po)K:>!<eM S. cerevisiae fl-I H MOnO'lliOKHCJIhIX 6aKTepHH
L. plantarurn-30 B COOTHOliIeHIDI 1:4 Ha conO}J;OBOM cycne C rrOCJIe)J,YIO-
IJJ;HM BhI6pa>KHBaHHeM}J;0 KHcnOTHOCTH 10-12 rpaJJ;.
B JJ;aJIbHeHliIeM nYTeM nocneJJ;OBaTeJIbHbIX OCBe)KeHHH Maccy c6p0)KeH-
HOM 3aBapKH }J;OBO}J)IT JJ;O KOnHqeCTBa, HY)I(HOrO rrpoH3BOJJ;crny.
B npoH3BoJJ;cTBeHHoM I.!.llKJIe C6pD)KeHHYIO 3aBapKY C HaqanbHOH TeM-
rrepaTypoM 30-35° C rOTOBHT H3 paBHOrO KOnl1qeCTBa TepMo<pMJ1bHOM 3a.
KnaCKH H C6pO:>!<eHHOM 3aBapKH rrpe}J;bIJJ;yIUero rrpHroToBneHuH.
fOToBaH c6po)KeHHaJI 3aBapKa C KHCJIOTHOCTbIO 9-12 rpaJJ; JJ;omK!Ia
o6J1aJJ;aTb npHHTHbIM KMCJIO-cnaJJ;KHM BKYCOM M Bblpa)KeHHbIM apDrvlaToM.
180
XrIe6 >KHTHhIH Bhlpa6aTbIBaIOT H3 M)'KH p>KaHOH 06.rr.nPHOH MaccoH
0,8-0,9 Kr <pOpMOBbIM H nO}J;OBbIM KpyrnoM H npo}J;onronaTO-GBaJIbHOH
<p°PMbI.
Tedo npnroToBnHIOT Ha rycTOH IDIH >KHJJ;KOM 3aKBaCKax (TaM. 90).
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PcucnTypa II peJKHM npllI'OTOBJICHlIH TCCTa P;illI XJIcGa nCKJlCBaHHOI'O
Ha )K KOH 3aKBacKe C 33BapKOH 113 P)l(aHOH 06P;HPHOH MYKII
HIlHMCHOBaHlIe CbIpbH, PacxojJ, CbIpbfI II napaMCTpbI npOl.\ccca
nonYcPaGpllKaTOB
II nOKa3aTcncH 38BapKa ITaTeJIb- JKIfJ];K8fl TCCTO
np Ol.\ccca liaR 38KB8-
CMeCb CK8 C3a-
BapKOH
43
43
10
)l(lIp;KaH 3aKBaCK8 C 3auapKofi, Kr
MYKa B 3aKBaCKC lIa TCCTO, Kr
3aBapKa, KI'
12
7 3aK. 1116
193
np o non)l(CHlICTa6J1.99
HaHMeHOB8HlIC CbIpbR, PaCX01J, CbIpbR II nap8MeTpbI npOI.\CCca
nony<I>a6pllKaTOB
H nOKa3aTenen 3aBapKa rDlT8Tenb- JKHlJ,KaH TeCTO
npOl.\ecca HaR 3aKBa-
CMCCh CKa C :la-
BapKOM
5.2. npOH3BOLJ;CfBO XJ1EEA, EYJ10'lHbIX
H CLJ;OEHbIX H3LJ;EJIHA H3 I1IIIEHH'IHOA MYKH
S.2.1. Xne6 6em.Iit H3 nmeHH'lHOH M)'KH
lllITaTcJlbHM CMCCb, Kr 43
MYKa p)l(aHM 061111pHM, 1<1' 3 7
MYKa p)l(aHM Ce5lHaH, Kr 70
MYKa nlI1eHlI t maH XJle60l1eKapHaR BbIClI1Cro 20
copTa, Kr
J:{P0)l()I(lI xnc60neKapHbIe npeCCOBaHHbIC, Kr 0,5
COJIb 110BapeHHaR mIlUCBaR, 1<1' 1,5
Caxap-IIeCOK, Kr 3
BO):ja,Kr 9 24 no paC'ICTY
BJla)l(HOCTb, % 78-79 79-83 79-83 He Goncc
W xn +
TCMlIcpaTypa na'laJIbHaR, °C +{0,5-1,0)
63-65 29-3] 30-32 29-31
npOnOJl)l(HTeJJbHOCTb ocaxaplfBaHlIR, MlIH 25-30
DpOAOJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6P0)l(CHlIH, MlIH 150-180 70-90
KHCJIOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaR, rpa;J, 9-11 5,5-9
XIIe6 6eJIbIH H3 MYKH nrneHII'IHOH BbICrnero, nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB
BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT no fOCT 26987 -86 cpOpMOBbIM H nOnOBbIM IlITY'JHbIM
MaccoH 0,5-1,2 Kr.
DOnOBbIH xrre6 HMeeT nponOJIrOBaTO-oBanbHYIO IDIH KpyrnyIO cpoPMY
C KOCbIMH Ha,r:J;pe3aMH Ha nOBepXHOCTI! IIDH HaKOJIaMH, IDIH 5e3 Hanpe30B
H HaKOJIOB.
,JJ,nHHa 6aToHa H3 MyKH BToporo copTa MaCCOH 0,85 Kr - opHeHTMpo-
BO'JHO 30-35 C , lIIHpHHa 13-17 CM, a H3 MyKH nepBoro II BbIcrnero COpTOB
WUI 6aTOHOB Maccoii 0,8 Kr COOTBeTCTBeHHO 30-36 CM H 15-18 CM.
,Il,naMeTp Kpyrnoro xrre6a MaCCOH 0,85 Kr H3 f'A)'KH nrneHH'JHOH BTO-
pom copTa opHeHTHpOBO'JHO 20-22 CM, H3 M}'KH nrneHH'JHOH nepBoro H
BbIcrnero COpTOB MaccoH 0,8 Kr - 18-22 CM.
TecTo rOTOBHT JII06bIM H3 cnoco60B, npHHHTbIX nITH npoH3BOncrna
xrre6a H3 nrneHH'lHOH MyKH. IIpennO'ITIUeJIbHbIMH HBJIHIOTCH onapHbiH H Ha
6oJIbrnoH rYCTOH onape nITH xrre6a H3 MyKH BbIcrnero If nepBoro COpTOB If Ha
)KHnKOH onape nITH xrre6a H3 MyKlf nepBoro If BToporo COpTOB (ni5JI. 100,
101).
MYKY p>KaHYIO 06)J,MPHYIO (10% OT 061l1ell MaCCbI MYKH Ha TecTO)
HCnOJIb3YIOT BMeCTO p)l(aHOH ceHHOH MYKH.
3aBapKY npHrOTOBJIHIOT B 3aBapO'lliOll ManIHHe X3-2M-300 06bI'IHbIM
cnoco60M C rroCJIenYIOIl\HM ocaxapHBaHHeM OKOJIO 30 MHH.
IUaaTeJIbHYIO CMeCb rOTOBHT B TOll )l(e MaIllliHe H HcrrOJIb3YIOT Ha oc-
Be)l(eHHe )KHnKOll 3aKBaCKH B COOTHorneHHH 1:1 '1epe3 Ka>KAbIe 2,5-3 '1aca
6po)l(eHHH rro nOCTHY.<emm KHCJIOTHOCTH 9-11 rpa;:J;.
3aMec TeCTa Ha )KHnKOH 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKOll OCYllIeCTBmuoT nop-
IUfOHHO IDIH HerrpepblBHO B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT HMeIOIl\erOCH 060pYJ\OBaHliH
Ii HanpaBJIHIOT Ha 6pO)!(eHlie.
fOTOBHOCTb TeCTa, npHrOTOBJIeHHOrO JII06bIM H3 orrHcaHHbIX BbIrne
crroco60B, onpenemlIOT rro nOCTI!)!(eWili Tpe6yeMoii KHCJIOTHOCTH H YBe-
JIH'IeHIfIO nepBOHa'laJ1bHOrO 06'beMa B 1,5-2 pa3a.
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3neJIbIBaIOT Ha KYCKH TeCTOneJIHTeJIeM "KY36acc-
68-2M", neJIHTeJIbHO-nocap:O'JHbIMH aBToMaTarvm P3-XLI.-2Y (3Y) , 1I133-
XLI..3Y HJIH np. M:apoK.
TeCToBbIe 3arOTOBKH yKJIanbIBaIOT B cpOPMbI, CMa3aHHbIe paCHiTeJIb-
HbIM MaCJIOM HJIH o6pa6oTaHHhIe rrOJIHMepaMH, H HarrpaBJIHIOT Ha paccToii-
KY B paCCTOHHbIH lUKacp arperaToB II6-XPM, II6-XPH, PI-57 lIJIH npymx
MapOK.
IIponoJI)KHTeJIbHocTb paccToHKH 50-:-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI
TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H YCJIOBHH paccToHKH.
BbIIIe'IKY xrre6a rrpoH3BOnHT B ne'lli «I>TTI-2, XIIA-40, f4-XIITI-16(2)
o
IUIH npymx MapoK npH TeMnepaType 200-225 C B Te'leHHe 40-60 MHH
B 3aBHCliMOCTH OT MaCCbI xrre6a Ii KOHCTpyKTIfBHbIX oco6eHHocTeH ne'lli.
XIIe6 rrepen BbIeMKOH li3 ne'lli peKoMeHnyeTcH onpbIcKHBaTh BOnOH.
194
l' a 6 JI II LI a 100
Pcnem'YpbI H pe)l(lfMbl npHroToBneHWI TCCTa onapHblMH cnoco6aMH
HlIHMeHOB8HHe CbIphR,
nony<l>a6pllKaToB
II nOKa3aTeneH
npOLlccca
PaCX01J, CbIpbR H nap8MeTpbI npOLlecca
no cnoco68M II CTap;lUIM
onapHbIM Ha 60J1h1II0H
rycToH onape
onapa I TCCTO onapa I TeCTO
45-55 55-45 60-70 40-30
1,5 1,5
2,0 2,0
1,3 1,3
25-30 no pac- 33-39 IIO pac-
'lCTY 'ICTY
1,0 1,0
Bcn BC5I
26-28 27 - 30 25-23 28-32
210-240 60-90 210-240 20-60
2,5-3,0 3,0 3,0-3,5 3,0
3,0-3,5 3,5 3,0-4,0 3,5
195
MYKa 111I1CHlI'lHa51 XJle601ICKapHa51 ncpBoro,
BblClI1CrO COPTOB, Kr
J:{P0)l()!(lI XJle60nCKapHbIC npCCCOBaHHbIC, Kr:
P;JI» MYKII IICpBOrO copTa
AmI MYKH BbICillcro copTa
COJIb nOBapeIIHa51 ITI-1II.\CBM, Kr
BOlla, Kr
Caxap-nCCOK AJl5I XJlc6a Genoro 113 MYKII BbIC-
lI1cro copTa, Kr
Onapa, Kr
TeMlIcpaTypa Ha1laJIbHa5l, 0 C
n pOnOJl)l(JlTeJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(CHlI5I, MliH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHCtmaH, rpan, HC 60Jlec:
p;JJR 1I3neJIlIH 1I3 MyKlI BbIClI1erO copTa
I1nH 1I3P;CJllIfi 113 MYKII ncpBoro copTa
7*
Ta6J1Hl.1a 101
BbmeqKY H3p;enHH ocymeCTBnJilOT B YBna)I(HeHHOH neKapHOH KaMepe
npH TeMnepaType 215-250°C.
npop;On)fGUenhHOCTb BbmeqKH 1}>0pMOBbIX H3P;enHH MaccoH 0,7-0,75 Kr
H3 nIUeHM'lHOH °MYKH BbICllIero H nepBoro COpTOB 45-50 MHH, <i>OpMOBbIX
H3p;enHH MaccoH 0,85 Kr H3 nllIeHH'lHOH MYKH BToporo copTa 50-56 MHH,
nop;OBbIX H3p;enHH - COOTBeTCTBeHHO 38-42 MHH H 45-47 MHH.
Xne6 83 lliIIeHH'lHOH MyKH BbICllIero, nepBoro 8 Broporo COpTOB
Xne6 H3 nllIeHWlHOH M)'KH BbICllIero, nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB BbI-
pa6aTbIBaIOT no rOCT 27842-88, nop;OBbIM H 1}>0pMOBbIM MaCCOH 0,5-
1,1 Kr }])UI IlITY'lHOrO H He 60nee 3,0 Kr }l)UI BeCOBoro.
nOp;OBbIH xne6 HMeeT npop;onroBaTO-oBanbHYIO HJ1H oKpyrnyIO I}>OPMY
C HaKOnaMH HnH C 4-6 KOCbIMH mw:pe3aMH Ha nOBepXHocrn.
,amma 6aTOHOB MaccoH 1,0 Kr H3 nllIeHH'lHOH MyKH BToporo copTa
opHeHmpoBO'lHO 31-34 CM, IIDIpHHa 13-16 CM, H3 MyKH nepBoro H BhICllIe-
ro COpTOB - 30-35 CM H 15 -17 CM coorneTCTBeHHO. °
!I.HaMeTp Kpyrnoro xne6a MaccoH 1,0 Kr H3 MYKH nllIeHH'lHOH II cop-
Ta OpHeHTllpoBO'IHO 20-22 CM, H3 MyKH nllIeHH'lHOH I H BbICllIero COpTOB -
23-26 CM.
<l>OpMOBOH xne6 BhIIIeKaIOT B 1}>0pMax xne60neKapHbIX B COOTBeTCTBHH
C MaccoH BbIIIeKaeMoro H3p;enHH.
TecTo rOTOBHT nI06bIM H3 cnoco60B, npHMeHHeMbIx }J)IH npoH3Bop;CT-
Ba H3p;enHH H3 nllIeHH'lHOH MyKH. TIpe}J;IIOqTHTenhHbIMH JlBnHIOTCJI onapHbIH
H Ha 60nbllIoH rYCTOH onape }J)IH xne6a H3 MyKH BbIcllIeI'o H nepBoro cop-
TOB H Ha )l(HP;KOH onape }J)IH xne6a H3 MYKH nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB.
B KaqeCrne pa3pbIxnHTenH }J)IH H3p;enHH H3 nllIeHH'lHOH MyKH nepBoro
H BToporo COpTOB npHMeHHIOT OP;HH npeCCOBaHHbIe P;po)I()!(H HJIH B Coqe-
TaHHH C )l(HP;KHMH, a }J)IJI H3p;enHH H3 ffilIeHH'lHOH MYKH BToporo copTa
p;onYCKaeTCH TaK)I(e Hcnonb30BaHHe TonbKO >l<H}J;KHX p;po)l()I(eH (Ta6n. 102
H 103).
PcncnTypa II PC)!(lIM npHI'OTOBJlCHHH TCCTa
onapHbIMlI cIIoc06aMH H3 MfKH BTOpoI'O copn
H8.HMeHOBaHlIe CbIpbH,
nony a6pllI<aTOB
H nOKa3aTenCH
npOllccca
PacxOA ChIpbH II napaMeTphI npOllccca
no cnoc06aM II CT8,!:\HHM
onapHbIH
onap8 I TCCTO
H8 )KH)J;KOM onapc
onapa I TCCTO
MYKa nlI1CHlI'IHa51 XJlc60ncKapHa51 BToporo cop- 45-55 55-45 25-35 75 -65
Ta, Kr
.D;pO)l()I(lI XJle60neI<apHblc npcccoBaHHblc, Kr 1,5 1,5
COJIb nOBapCHHa51 nl!ll(eBM, Kr 1,3 1,3
Bop;a,Kr 25-30 no pac- 40-60 no pac-
'ICTY 'ICTY
Ollapa, Kr BC5I BC5I
TeMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHaH, C C 26-28 26-30 28-30 28-30
n POAOJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTL 6pO)l(eHlI5I, MlIH 210-240 60-90 210-240 40-60
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaR, rpM, HC 60ncc 4,5-5,0 4,5 5,0-6,0 4,5
B KaqeCrne pa3phIxnHTenH }J)IH xne6a H3 nllIeHH'lHOH MyKH BbICllIero
copTa npHMeHHIOTCH npeccoBaHHbIe P;po)l()I(H HJ1H npeCCOBaHHbIe P;pO)l()I(H
B COqeTalUIH C )l(HP;KHMH. n pH 3TOM KOnHqeCTBO npeCCOBaHHbIX P;PO)!()!(eH
MO)l(eT 6bITh YMeHhllIeHO He 6onee, qeM Ha 50%. TIpH npoH3Bop;cTBe xne6a
H3 nllIeHH'lHOH MyKH nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB npHMeHJIIOTCH npeccoBaH-
HbIe, )l(Hp;KHe HJIH npeccoBaHHbIe P;po)l()I(H B COqeTaHHH C )l(HP;K HMH , KOJIH-
qeCTBO MyKH, BHOCHMOH C )l(HP;KHMH p;pO)l()I(aMH, He P;OJI)l(HO npeBbIlliaTh
5% K 06meMY KOJIHqeCTBY M)'KH B TeCTe.
HOpMbI pacxop;a npeccoBaHHbIx P;PO)l(:>KeH MorYI' 6bITb H3MeHeHbi B
3aBHCHMOCTH OT HX nOp;1>eMHOH CHJ1bI, KaqeCTBa MyKH, TeXHOnOrHqeCKOH
CXeMbfH YCJIOBHH npoH3Bop;cTBa. .
qaCTh p;po)l()I(eH MO)I(HO BHOCHTh B TeCTO.
rOTOBoe TeCTO p;enHT Ha p;enHTeJIhHbIX MaIIDIHax, nocne qero 3arOTOB-
KH TeCTa }J)IJI 1}>0pMOBOro xne6a yKnap;bIBaIOT B <i>OpMhI H HanpaBnHIOT
Ha paCCTOHKY. 3arOTOBKH }J)IH nop;OBoro xne6a HanpaBJIHIOT Ha oKpyr-
neHHe. L{rrH nonyqeHHH nop;OBbIX H3p;enHH npop;onrOBaTOH 1}>0pMbI Tec-
TOBbIe 3arOTOBKH nOCJIe oKpyrneHHH HanpaBJIHIOT B 3aKaTO'IHYIO MaIIDIHY.
C<i>opMoBaHHbIe 3arOTOBKH }J)IH nop;OBoro xne6a yKJIap;bIBaIOT B cne-
IJ;HanbHbIe JIIOnhKH, Ha P;OCKH HJIH JIHCTbI H HanpaBJIHIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIP0P;OJI)l(HTeJIbHOCTb paCCTOHKH }J)IH H3p;eJIHH H3 MyKH nllIeHH'lHOH
BbICllIero H I copmB 30-50 MHH, II copTa ;30-55 MI1H.
nepep; nOCa}J,KOH B ne'lb Ha paccToHBIIDIXCH nop;OBbIX 3arOTOBKax p;o-
nYCKaeTCH HaHOCHTb Ha.n:pe3hI HJ1H HaKOJIbI.
l' a 6 n II u a 102
PenCD1'Ypbl H PC)!(lIMbl npllrOTOBJIeHHH TCCTa onapHblMH cnoco6aMII
H8HMeHOB8HlIe ChIphR,
nony a6pHKaToB
II nOKa38Teneii
npollecca
Pacxo):\ CbIpbR II napaMeTpbI npOlleCC8
no cnoc06SM H CTap;lUIM
onapHbIH
Ha 60mWOH
rycToii on8pe
onap8 I TCCTO
onapa I TeCTO
196
MYKa nillCHlI'lHM XJlc60ncKapHaR BblCillCro 45-55 55 -45 60-70 40-30
H IICpBOrO COpTOB, Kr
.D;pO)l()I(lI xnc60neKapHbIC npCCCOBaHHbIC. Kr 1,0 1,0
ConL nOBapCHHa51 nllll(CBa5l, Kr 1,3 1,3
BOAa,Kr 25-30 IIO pac- 33-39 no pac-
'ICTY 'ICTY
Onapa, Kr BCH BCR
TeMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHa5l, C C 26-30 27 - 30 24- 27 28-32
npOJ],OJl)l(UTCJlbHOCTL Gpo)l(CHlI5I, MlIH 210-240 60-90 180-240 20-40
KucnoTHoCTb KOHC'IHaH, rpM, HC GOJlce:
P;JlH 1I311eJlufi 113 MYKII BbIClI1CrO copTa 2,5 - 3,0 3,0 3,0-3,5 3,0
AJI5I 1I3Aenlln U3 MYKII nepBoro copTa 3,0-3,5 3,5 3,0-4,0 3,5
197
T a 6 n H a 103
Pellcmypa H pe)!(llM npllrOTOBJICHHII TeCTa onapHblMH cnoco6aMH
Xne6 rrwCHH'lHbrH H3 060HHOH MYI(H
onapHbIH
onapa I TCCTO
Ha )K 0I1 onape
onapa I TCCTO
Xnc6 IIli1CH!1'fHbIH M3 060HHOH MYKH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT no rOCT 27842-88
BCCOBbIM, li1TY'fHbIM, B cpopMax H Ha no):w.
Macea BceOBoro xnc6a HC 60nec 3 Kr, li1TY'llwro xnc6a cpopMoBoro -
0.8-1,3 Kr, a nOAOBoro - 0,7-1,0 KI'.
HOi OBbIll xnc6 BbmCKalOT OKpYrJIOH M npoAonfoBaTo-QnanbHoM cpop-
MbI. OpMCHTMpOBO'fHbIM )J,IlaMCTp Kpyrnoro_ nOAOBoro xnc6a M:leCOH
1,0 Kr - 15-20 CM.
TCCTO MO:>KHO rOTOBMTb onapHpIM cnocoQoM,lIa :>KHAKOH onape, ua
nliICHHllliOH 3aKBaCKC rum IIa KOHl.\CIITpMpoBaHIIOI! M0J10'lliOK!1CJIOH 3a-
KBaCKC.
B Ka!fCCTBC pa3 pbIxnMTcnH MO:>KHO HCnOJIb30B3Th AP0:>K)KH xnc6onc-
KapEbIc fipecCOBaHHi>IC MJIM )KHAKMC.
IIpM !IpHrOTOBnCHMM TeCTa onapUbIM cnOCO(X:>M peKOMCHAYCTCH MC-
nonb30nan B Ka'lCCTBC nOJ],KHCITInenH cnCJIOC TCCTO 1mH KOHUCHtpMpo-
BaHHY!{] M9JIO'IHoKHcnylO 3aKBaCKY B KOm!'1Ccrnc 5% K Macec M}'l<1I B
TCCIC (Ta6n. 104).
TecTo IIa 3aKB:lCKC rOTOBHT B JJ;BC CTawm: 3aKBacKa, TCCTO.
HIIHMeHOBaHHC CblpbR,
nony a6pHKaToB
H nOKa3aTeneii
npOlJ;ecca
Pacxoj:J; CbIpMI II napBMeTpbI npOlJ;eCCB
no cnoco6aM H CTa,!J;IUIM
MYKa nillCHlI'IHa51 XJle60neKapHa51 BToporo Cop- 45-55 55-45 25-35 75-65
Ta, Kr
.D:PO)l()I(Ii XJle60nCKapHbIc npcccoBaHHble, Kr 0,5 0,5
Conb nOBapcHHaH mUIICBM, Kr 1,3 1,3
Bona, Kr 25-30 no pac- 40-60 no pac-
'ICTY 'IeTY
Onapa, Kr BCH BCII
TCMncpaTypa Ha'laJILHM, 0 C 26-30 26-30 28-30 28-30
npOnOJl)!(llTeJlbHOCTL 6pO)l(eHH5I, MlIH 210-240 60-90 230--250 40-60
KlICJlOTHOCTL KOHe'JiIa51 olIapbI, rpan 4,5-5,0 5.0-6,0
KlIcnoTHOCTb KOHe'IHa51 TCCTa, rpap;, HC GOJlec 4,5 4,5
fOTOBOC TCCTO JJ;cnHT Ha JJ;cmncnbHbIx MaurnHax, nocne '1cro 3arOTOB-
KM TCCTa }J)IH cpopMOBoro xne6a YKnaJJ;bIBalOT B cpOpMbI H HanpaBnHlOT Ha
paCCTOHKY, a 3arOTOBKH }J)IH nOJJ;OBoro xnc6a HanpaBnHlOT Ha oKpyrneHHc.
)J,JUI nonYQCHHH nOJJ;OBbIX H3JJ;enHM npoJJ;OnroBaTo-QBaJIbHOM cpOpMbI
TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH nocne JJ;enCHl!H H oKpyrneHHH HanpaBnHIoT B 3aKa-
TO'fHYlO Mali1HHY.
CcpopMoBaHHbIc 3arOTOBKfI TCCTa }J)IH nOJJ;OBoro xne6a YKnaJJ;bIBalOT
B CnCl.\HanbHbIe nlOJIbKH HJIH Ha JJ;OCKH, KOTopbIe nOCbmaHbI nmCHH'fHOM
HlIH cyxapHoM MYKOH, nH60 nOKpblTbI TKaHblO, H HanpaBnHlOT Ha pacCToMKY.
IIpoJJ;on){(HTcnhHocTh paCCTOMKM }J)IH H3JJ;CJIHM MaccoM 0,8-1,0 Kr M3
M}'l<H nliICHIl'fHOM BbICli1Cro copTa H ncpBoro copTa 30-45 MHH, II cop-
Ta - 25-35 MMH.
TIcpcJJ; nOcaJJ;KOM B ne...'Ib Ha pacCToHBurnxcH 3arOTOBKax JJ;cnalOT HaJJ;-
pC3bI HJIH HaKonbI.
Bbmc'lKY M3JJ;cnHM oCYllIccTBnHlOT B YBna:>KHCHHOM nCKapHoM KaMcpc
npH TC\'vmcpaTYpc 215-250°C. _
I1pOJJ;OJDKHTCJIbHOCTb BbmC'IKM H3JJ;cnMM MaccoM 1,0 Kr cpOpMOBblX
H3 nmCHH'fHOM MYKH BbIcrncro H ncpBoro COpTOB 49-50 MHH, BTOporo
copTa - 54-56 MHH, nOJJ;OBbIX - 40-42 MHlI M 45-47 MHH COOTBCTCT-
Bmmo.
l' a G JI H U a 104
PCL\cnrypa II PC)!(HM npllrOTOBnCHHH TCCTa onapHbIM cnoco60M
HaHMeHOBaHHC CbIpbR,
nony a6pHKaTOB
H nOK838Teneii
npOllecca
Pacxoj:J; CbIpbfl II napaMeTpbI npOllecca
no CT8,r\HHM Ha AP0)KJKaX
npeCCOBaHHbIX 'KH.D.KHX
onnpa I TeCTO onapa I TCCTO
50,0 47,0 50,0 47,0
0,5
30-35
1,3 1,3
25 -30 no pac- 11-13 no pac-
'ICTY 'ICTY
5,0 5,0
BC5I BCR
28-30. 28-30 27 -31 28-32
24-0-270 60 90 180-270 60-90
7,0-8,0 9,0-9,5
7,0 8,5
MYKa IIllleHH'lHaH xJle60nCKapHaH 0601i1laH, 1<1'
J],PO)K)j(H xnc60ncKapHblc:
npcccoBaHHblc, 1<1'
)j(l!P;KHC, Kr
COJ1b nonapeHlJaH IIHl!Icn3H, Kr
BOAa,Kr
Cncnoc TCCTO lIJ1II KMK3, Kr
Onapa, I<r
TCMllepaTypa Ha'laJIbH,m, 0 C
npOnOn)l(l!TenLHOCTb 6PO)l(CHHH, MI1H
KHcnoTHocTb KOHC U .H3H onapbl, rp3A
KlIcnoTHoeIb KOHC'!Ha51 Teera, rpap;, HC Gonce
3aKBaCKY nonY'JaIOT rryTcM JJ;nYX-TpcX OCBC:>KCHl!J1: p:>Ka::!Oll 3aKBa-
CKM nli1CUM'TIIOH 060HIIOH MYKOii C IIOCJ1CJJ;YlO!l\I1f'.l H3KorulCHJICM AO KOJ1H'IC-
cma, Heo6xo):\lIMOrO rrpol13Bo):\crny (Ta6n. 105).
198
199
l' a 6 JIll U a 105
l' a 6 JIll U a 107
H8HMeHOBaHHC CbIphH,
nonyq,a6pHKaTOB
H nOKa3aTcrrCH npo ccca
CT8,!J;1IH pa3BO/J:0'lHoro [UiKrra
PCL\CnTypa H pCJKIIM npHroTOBJleHlIH TeCTa Ha Ko eHTPHpoBaHHOH
MOJlO'lIlOKHCJJOH 3aKBaCKe AJ1II XJJe6a nlI1eHH'lHoro H3 060HlIOH MYKII
TecTo pa3p;enbmaIOT Ha p;emneITbHbIX ManIJmax. KYCKII TeCTa 1J)IH 4>op-
MOB oro XJIe6a YKJHI,!J;hIBaIOT B 4>OpMbI, a 1J)IH nop;OBoro KYCKaM npll,D;aIOT
npoP;onrOBaTOoQBaJIbHyIO IDIH oKpyrnyro 4>OPMY II nOMe aIOT lIX B CneI(llaJIb-
HbIe nIOnbKII IDIIi Ha P;OCKII, nOCbIIlaHHbIe MyKOM lIJlli nOKpbITbIe TKaHbIO,
II HanpaBnmoT B paCCTOMHbIM lIIKa4>.
Bbme'IKY XJIe6a npoIl3BO.D;HT B ne'ill C napoM npll TeMIIeparype 200-
240° C B Te'leHlIe 55-60 MIlH.
PeQenTypa H peJKHM npHrOTOBJleHHH nlI1eHII'lHOH 3aKBaCKH B pa3BOp;O'IHOM UlIKJle
IV
HallMeHOBaHHC ChIpbH, norryq,a6pllKaTOB H
nOKa3aTcrrCH npouecca
3aKBaCKa 113 p)l(aHoil 060fufoil lIJIlI 06P;lIpHOil
MYKII KlICJlOTHOCTblO 12-13 rpa,o:, Kr
3aKBaCKa IIpc)],bIAYll(cil CTap;IIH, Kr
MYKa nillCHII'lHaH XJlc60ncKapHa5I 060ilHaJI, Kr
llpo)l()I(lI xJJC60nCKapHbIc npCCCOnaHHbIC, Kr
B O l1a,Kr
BJla)!(llOCTL, %
TCMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHaH, 0 C
IIPOl10Jl)!(llTCJlbHOCTb 6P0)l(CHH5I, MlIH
KlICJJOTHOCTL KOHe'IHaI!, rpa)1
2,5
32,0
47,0
56,0
67,0
MYKa nlI1CHH'lHaJI XJlc60ncKapHa5I o60ilHa5I,
Kr
D.po)I()I(H :
npCCCOnaIlHbIC, Kr
)l(1IJJ;KHC, Kr
COJlb nOBapCHHa5I nllIUcnM, Kr
BOlla, Kr
KMK3, Kr*
Onapa, Kr
TCMIIcpaTypa Ha'laJIbHa5I, 0 C
IIp o l1 oJl )!(llTeJlbHocTL 6PO)l(CHHH, MlIH
KHcJJOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM onapbI, rpap;
KlICJJOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM TCCTa, rpaA, HC 60ncc
11,0
17,0
5,0
0,1
3,5 12 33 47
49-50 49-50 49-50 49-50
n- n- n- n-
210-240 210-240 210-240 210-240
9-10 10-11 11-12 11-12
,1J.rrH 3aMeca TeCTa B ManIJmy P;0311pYlOT 3aKBacKy, coneBoif pacTBop,
BOP;Y, npll nepeMeIIIIIBaHHH CCbIIlalOT MYKY II npoH3BoP;HT 3aMec p;b nony-
'leHHH OAHopoP;Hoif MaCCbI (Ta6n. 106).
l' a 6 JlIII.\ a 106
*Cnoco6 BbIBCP;CHlIH KMK3 npllBcp;eH n TaM. 50.
PeuenTYpa II pe)l(llM npmOTOnJleHIIH TCCTa Ha nlI1CHH'lHbIX 3aKBaCKax
HalIMeHOBaJillC ChIphH,
norryq,a6pHKaToB
H nOKa3aTerrCH
npo ccca
Pacxo/J: ChIphH H napa-
MeTphI npouccca
no CTa,n;HHM
TCCTO
MYKa nillCHII'IHaH XJlC60neKapHaH 060ilHaJI, Kr
3aKnaCKa, Kr
COJIL nonapCHHa5I nllll.\CBaJI, Kr
BOAa,Kr
TCMlIepaTypa Ha'laJIbHaH, 0 C
IIPOP;OJl)l(HTCJ1bHOCTb 6P0)l(CHIIH, MlIH
KlICJJOTHOCTL KOHC'IHa5I 3aKBaCKlI, rpap;
KIICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHM TeCTa, rpaA, HC 60Jlce
71
49
1,3
no paC'ICTY
29-31
60-90
11
7,0
Pacxo/J: ChIpblI H napaMCTphI
npol.\ccca no CT8,!J;llJIM
TCCTO TCCTO
87 -92 63 30
0,8 0,5
30-35 20
1,3 1,3
no pac'IcTY 23-28 no pac'IcTY
20-15 10-8
BCIi
29-30 28-30 29-30
90-120 180-300 60-90
7,0-9,0
8,5 8,5
namlH YKpamrCKaH
naJIHIDm;y YKp8HHCKyro BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT no rOCT 27842-88113 IIIIIeHII'I-
HOM MyKli BbIcillero, I II II COpTOB.
llaJIHlllIQa YKpaHHCKaH npegCTaBnHeT co60M xne6 nop;oBbrn oKpyrnoH
4>OpMbI C O)J;lillM nplillOAHHTbIM B BlI,D;e K03bIpbKa Hagpe30M Ha 3/4 OKPYX<-
Hocm. Macca naJIHHlIn;bI OT 0,75 p;o 1,0 Kr.
OpHeHmpoBO'lHbIH )J;lIaMeTp naJIHHl!IJ;bI MaccoM i,o Kr 113 MyKli BbICillero
II I COpTOB - 22-26 CM, 113 MyKH II copTa - 18-22 CM.
TecTo MO)J(}I() roTOBIiTh nI06bIM cnoco60M, npllMeHHeMbIM 1J)IH npHl'o-
TOBneHIDI me6a 113 nIIIeHlI'IHOH MyKIi. npep;nO'lTHTenbHbIMH HBnHIOTCH
onapHbIii:, Ha 6onbIIIoM rYCTOM onape II YCKopeHHble cnoco6bI (Ta6rr. 108).
TecTo Ha KMK3 rOTOBHT B OP;HY CTa)J;lllO lIJIli B )];Be: KMK3 1'1 TeCTO HITII
KMK3, onapa II TeCTO C Hcnonb30BaHlieM B Ka'leCTBe pa3pbIXJIHTenH )l(HP;-
KlIX lIJIlI npeccoBalllibIX p;po)!()l(eif.
llpH nplirOTOBneHllII TeCTa B OJUIY CTa)J;lllO B ManIJmy p;0311pYlOT MY-
KY, KMK3, coneBoif pacTBop. p;po)J()I(H npeccoBaHHbIe HITH )K!Ip;KlIe H npo-
1I3BO.D;HT 3aMec p;o nonY'IeHHH OAHopoAHoif MaCCbI.
llpH npHroTOBnemm TeCTa B p;Be c'tap;IIH CHa'lana 1'13 MYKII, KMK3 II
p;p0)!()l(eif rrpeccoBaHHbIx IITIIi )l(HP;KIIX 3aMenIJmalOT orrapy, B BbI6pO>KellliYlO
onapy P;03HPYlOT coneBoif pacTBop, MYKY H BOP;Y 1'1 npOH3BO)J;HT nepeMeIillI-
BaRHe p;o nonY'IeHllH OJUIopoP;Hoif MaCCbI (Ta6IT. 107).
200
201
Ta6nllua 108
Kan:aq capaTOBcKHit
H8IiMeHOBaHIiC CbIpbH, Pacxo;:< CblpbH II napaMC'lpbI npOIJ;CCca no CTaJJ.llHM
norryq,a6pIiKaTOB II no-
Kag,nerrCH np.OIJ,CCca o napa pag;:<em<a
MYKa nIliCIiH'IHa.H XJJc60- 45-55 53-43 2,0
nCKapIiaJI BbICillCro lIJIlI
ncpBoro capTOB, Kr
MYKa nIlleHH'IIiaJI XJJcGo- 45 -55 53-43 2,0
neKapIia5I BTOporo capTa,
Kr
.IIpo)jOKJ! xne60neKapIibIc 2,0 1,0
npeC'COB 3IilIbIe, Kr
Conb IIODapeIiIia5I nllIUe- 1,5 1,5
BaJI, Kr
Bop;a, Kr 28-35 no pac- 30-35 IIO pac-
'IeTY 'ICTY
Onap3:J Kr DOl BCJI
TeMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHa5I, 27 -29 29-30 26-28 27 -29
°c
npOAonJKJ1TeJlbHOCTh Gpo- 210-240 60-70 210-240 50-60
)l(eIillJI, Milll
KHCJlOTIIOCTh KOHC'IHa5I 3,0-4,0 3,5 -4,5
onapbl,rpap;
KlIcnOTIiOCTh KoHC'lHa5I 3,5 4,5
TCCTa,rp3,D" HC 60ncc
Kana'! capaToBcKHH BI>lpa6aThlBaIOT no rOCT 27842-88 H3 MJ'KH mne.
HH'IHOii: BI>ICIlle-ro IDIH nepBoro COpTOB.
Kana'! Bl>meKaIOT llITJ'IHI>IM, 4>OpMOBI>IM Maccoii: OT 0,75 pp 1,6 Kr.
TecTo MO:>KHO roTOBHTh nI061>IMH cnoco6aMH, npHMeHHeMbIMH PlUi npH-
rOTOBneHIDI xne6a H3 mneHH'IHOM M}'KH. llpep;n:O'!THTeJlI>HhIMH JIBnHIOTCH
CnOC061>I Ha 6onl>IllOM rYCTOii: H )j(H,IJ;KOii: onape (TaM. 109).
rOToBoe TeCTO p;enHT Ha p;enHTeJlbHl>lX Manrn:Hax, oKpyrmlIOT H nocne
oKpyrneHIDI 3aroToBKH TeCTa )'KJIaAblBaIOT B 4>OpMbI H HanpaBnHIOT Ha pac-
CTOMKY.
llpop;on)j(HTenbHOCTb paccTOii:KH 50-70 MHH.
113p;enHH BbmeKaIOT B ro4>PHpoBaHHI>IX IDIH maAKHX KpyrnbIx 4xJPMax
B YBna)KHCHHoii: neKapHoii: KaMepe npH TeMTIepaType 250-260° C. llpop;on-
)KHTeJlbHOCTh BbmC'lKH Kana'!a capaToBcKoro MaCCOM 0,75 Kr COCTaBnHeT
40-50 MHH, a MaccoM 1,6 Kr - 50-55 MHH.
PClIcnTYPbI H peJKHMbI IIpHrOTOBJlCHlI5I reCTa onapHbIM ClIOco60M
,QJUI na5IHHlIIIbI YKpallHCKOH
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QKpymcHHe 3arOTOBOK :>KeJlaTCnbHO OCY CCTBnHTh Ha 2-x rrocnep;oBa-
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ro oKpyrneHI1Jl :>KenaTCnbHO rro}J,BcpraTh rrpeABapHTcnbHoii: pacCToii:Ke, KO-
TOpaH MO:>KeT ocy eCTBJUITbCH Ha TpaHCrrOpTepHblX neHTax IDIH p;pyrHX
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llpop;omKHTcnbHocTb OKOH'IaTCnbHoii: paccToii:KH TCCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK
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B HaKJIOHHOM rronO:>Kemm:.
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rrepaTYpc 190-210° C. YBna:>KHeHlIe KaMepbI o6H3areJIbHO PlIH rronyqeHI1Jl
xopoIllcro K03bIpbKa Ha IlOBcpxHocrH H3P;CJIHll.
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BmOTHYIO P;Pyr K p;pyry.
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Kana'l yp3JILCKlm
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113P;eJIHHMH Ha JIHCTaX p,on)l(}fo 6bITh He MeHee 5-6 CM, '1T06bI B npo ecce
paCCTOHKH 11 Bbme'IKH He 06pa30BanOCb npHT;rCKOB. .
npop;omIarrerrbHOCTh paCCTOHKH J:eCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK MaCCOH 1,0 Kr -
40-50 MHH, 0,5 KI' - 50-60 MHH.
. llpu OTCYTCTBHH cnewranbHbIX KaMep H3}J,eJIlUI CJIegyeT nOKpbIBaTh TKa-
HblO )JlI1I npcp:oxpaIIeHlffi 01' 3aBeTpIffiaHIDI.
l13p:emm BbIIICKaIOT B YBnaJKHeHHoH neKapHoH KaMepe. Kana'lH MaCCOH
1,0 Kr BbIIIeKaIOT 20-25 MHH npH TCMIIepaType 220-240° C, MaCCOH
0,5 Kr - 13-15 MHH npH TeMIIepaType 240-260° C.
Kana'l yparrbcKIDi BbIpa6aTbmaIOT no rOCT 27842-88 113 M}'KH llliIeHH'I-
HOH I IDIH II co pTOB.
Kana'l yp3JIbCKIDi npep;CTaBnlleT C060H lllT)"IHoe H3p;eJIHe B BHp;e KOnei.(
MaCCOH 1,0 H 0,5 Kr.
Kana'! yp3JIbCKIDi MaCCOH 0,5 Kr HMeeT OpHeHTHpOBO'lHbIH p;HaMeTp
Konb a 19-22 CM H IillIPHHY >Kryrn 7-8 CM, Kana'! MaccoH 1,0 Kr coomeT-
cmeHHO 27-28 CM H 9-10 CM.
TecTo MO)l(}fO rOTOBHTh nI06bIMH cnoco6aMH, npHHHTbIMH JJ)I1I npHrOTOB-
neHIDI xrre6a H3 IIIlIeHH'lHOH M}'KH. llpeHMyIUecTBeHHbIMH HBnHIOTCR onap-
HDIH H Ha )I(li}J;KOH orrape (Ta6n. 111).
PeuenTypa H peiKlIM npHTOTOBnCHlUI TCCTa onapHbIM cnoco60M
J1J1H Kana'la ypaJIbCKorO
PaCXOJl; ChIphH H napaMCT-
pbI npou.ecca no CTaAHlIM
Xne6 H 6aTOHbI KpaCIIOCeJIbCKHe
Xne6 II 6aTOHDI KpaCHOCeJIbCKHe BbIpa6aThmalOT nb rOCT 27842-88.
Xnc6 BbmeKalOT npop;onroBaTOoQBaJIbH0H IDIH oKpyrnoH 4xJPMbI H3
nllleHl!:'lHOll MyKl!: nepEoro 1DIl!: BTOpDro COpTOB MaCCOH 0,8-0,9 Kr;
6aTOHbI KpaCHOCeJIbCKHe - npoP:OJ1rOEQTO-oBaJIbHOH q,OpMbI 1I3 M}'KH nllle-
HH'lHOH nepBoro copTa Maccoll 0,42 Kr.
OpIICHT11pOBO'IHbIe pa3MepbI JJ)I1I H3,o;eJIliH npop;onroBaTooQBrJIhHOH
4:lOpMbI;
MaCCOll C,8 Ki': JJ)IHHa 30-34 CM, IlillpJIHa 15-17 CM;
MacCOH 0,42 Kr: JJ)I1'lHa 27-31 CM, llillpHHa 9-11 CM;
opneHmpoBO'!Hhm roraMeTp KpYUIOro xne6a MaccoH 0,8 Kr 16-20 CM.
TecTO roTOBHT onapHbIM cnoco60M lUll!: ):\pyrm,n:I, peKoMeHgyeMbIMH
lJlIlI npoH3Bop;crna xrre6a H3 IIIlIeHH'lliOH M}'KH (Ta6JI. 112).
HaHMCHOBaHHe ChIpbR, nOlIy4la6pHI<aTOB H nOKa3aTeJJCH
npou.ecca
onapa
TCCTO
MYKa nlI1CHlI'lHM XJlC60nCKapHa5I I lIJIlI II COPTOB, Kr
.QpO)l()I(lf XJlC60nCKapHbIC npCCCOBaHHbIe, Kr
Conb nOBapCHHM nllIl\CBM, Kr
BoAa, Kr
Onapa, Kr
naTOKa, Kr
MacJlo nOACOnHC'IHOC, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHa5I, 0 C
npOAOJl)l(lfTCJlbHOCTb 6po)l(eHlIH, MlIH
206
45-55
1,0
55 -45
25-35
1,5
no paC'ICTY
BCH
3,0
2,0
29-31
50-90
28-30
180-240
207
f'I
-
-
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:51
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Pa3pemaeTCH B Ka'leCTBe pa3pblXJIHTeJlH IIpHMeHHTb )KH)J;KHe .IJ;]X))IOKH B
CO'leTaHHH C IIpeCCOBaHHbIMH )JlIH H3.IJ;eJIHll: H3 MyKH IIepBoro copTa HJIH
TOJIbKO )l(}f)J.KHe )JlIH H3.IJ;eJIHll: H3 MyKH BToporo copTa.
fOTOBoe TeCTO .IJ;eJIHT Ha .IJ;eJIHTeJIbHbIX MaIllHHax H OKpyrJIHIOT, a H3-
.IJ;eJIHH IIpo.IJ;OJIrOBaTooQBaJIbHOH: 4>OpMbI H 6aTOHbI .IJ;OIIOJIHHTeJIbHO HanpaB-
muOT B 3aKaTO'lH}'lO MaIIlHHY.
C4>opMOBaHHble reCTOBble 3aroTOBKH HaIIpaBJIHIOT Ha paccTOMKY. TIpo-
1J,omKHTeJIbHOCTh paCCTOID<H )JlIH 6aTOHOB MaCCOH: 0,42 Kr COCTaBJIHeT 30-
40 MHH, a)JlIH xne6a MacCOM 0,8 Kr - 40-50 MHH.
TIepe.IJ; IIOca.IJ;KOH: B IIe'Th Ha paccToHBlllliXCH 3aroToBKax IIpo.IJ;OJIrOBaTO-
OBaJIbHOH: 4>OpMbI .IJ;eJIalOT 3-6 l<OCbIX Ha.,u:pe3a, a)JlIH H3.IJ;eJIHH KpyrnoH
4>OpMbI - 1-3 Ha.,u:pe3a. fJIy6HHa Ha.IJ;pe30B 3aBHCHT OT Ka'leCTBa TeCTa H
CTeIIeHH paCCTOMKH.
113.IJ;eJIHH BbllIeKaIOT Ha no.IJ;y B )'BJIa>KHeHHOH neKapHOM KaMepe IIe1JH
IIPH TeMIIeparype 210-230° C.
TIpo.IJ;OJI)KHTeJIbHOCTh BbIIIetJKH 6aTOHOB 20-24 MHH, xne6a H3 M)'KH
IImeHH'IHOH IIepBoro copTa 30-4D MHH, H3 M}'KH BTOporo copTa - 40-50
MHH.
Xne6 rop'lH'lHhlli
8
8.
g
III
:51
e :.:: a
I f![ [ f![
oj 8 . o r:>. 8 f'Poo
is.... 8"''':-8 .8'"
&: u = = =
c: 0 *:5I:5I :5I:5I :5I0:
c: 8.
..8 =-=s \O::>: oj::>:::>:oj::>:::>:
Po == .. M M = M M = M M
X c: t :51 0: :51 0: :51 0:
II: II: "'o = x
oj - oj 2 '" :51 :51 0 0: :51 0 :51 :51
g; 5 .;5
ii! c:; :':: ''''MM'''MM'''MM
x '" 8 i=' :51 0: g :51 0: go:o:
3 g :.:: '" tI: II: tI: II: II: tI:
; c: @aaoaaoaa
:'::"'R "':EO 5 5
8\:r8 88 t3' :2 :2
Xne6 rop1JH1IHbIM Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no fOCT 27842-88 H3 M}'KH IImeHH'i-
HOH BblcIIIero H IIepBoro COpTOB C .IJ;06aBJIeHHeM rop1JH1IHoro Macna.
Xne6 rop'lH'lHbIH BblIIeKaIOT I}xJpMOBbIM MacCOH 0,5-1,0 Kr H IIO.IJ;O-
BbIM OKpyrJIOM WIll npO.IJ;OJIrOBaTOoQBaJIbHOM I}xJpMbI MaccoM 0,5-0,8 KI'.
OpHeHrnpoBO'lHhle pa3MepbI XJ1e6a rOp'lH'llIDrO npo.IJ;OJIrOBaTooQBaJIbHOH
4>OpMbI MacCOH 0,8 KI': ):I;rlliHa 29-33 CM, n.mpHHa 14-18 eM, MacCOH
0,5 KI': )JlIHHa 26-30 CM, n.mpHHa 9-13 CM.
TecTO MO>KHO roTOBHTb JIlO6bIMH cnoco6aMH, IIpHMeIDleMbIMH )JlIH IIpH-
rOTOBJIeHIDI xne6a H3 IIIIIeHH'lHOM M}'KH.
TIpe}J;l10'ITHTeJIbHbIMH )JlIH XJ1e6a H3 M)'KH BblCIIIero copTa RBlts1lOTCH
orrapHbIH, a iJ)1H XJ1e6a H3 M)'KH nepBorp copTa - onapaPrii: H Ha >ICH,JJ,KOH
onape (Ta6rr. 113).
209
Ta6nHua 113
Pacxap; CbIpbJl H napaMeTpbI npOI\CCca no
cncc06aM H CTa,lJ;lIJ1M
Xne6 p;OMaIillIlm rrpep;CTaBJIHeT co60H rrop;OBoe lllTJ'lHOe H3p;eJIHe
MaCCOH 0,8 H 0,4 Kr oKpymoH IIDH rrpoP;OJIrOBaTO-QBaJIbHOH cpOpMbI C Ha-
KOJIaMll Ha BepXHeM KopKe.
OpHeHTIipoBO'llible pa3Mepbl XJIe6a rrpop;OJIroBaTO-QBaJIbHOM 4>OpMbI
MaCCOM 0,8 Kr: p;'ilHHa 30-32 CM, IIDIpHHa 15-17 CM; MaCCOH 0,4 Kr:
1J,11HHa 27-29 CM, IIDIpHHa 8-9 CM. ,D,HaMeTp Kpymoro XJIe6a: MaccoH
0,8 Kr - 17-19 CM, MaccoM 0,4 Kr - 14-16 CM.
PCI.\enTypa II pCJKlIM IIpHI'OTOBneHlIH TCCTa onapHblMH cnoco6aMII
AJIII xne6a rop'lH'lHOI'O
HaHMCHOBaHlIC CbIphJl, norry$a6pHKa-
'I'OB 11 nOK83aTerreH npOI\ccca
anapHhIH
anapa I TeCTa
Ha >Kli,IJ;KOH onapc
onapa I TeCTO
fOTOBoe TeCTO p;errHT Ha p;errHTeJ1bHbIX MaIlIHHaX, rrOCJ1e 'lero 3arOTOBKH
TeCTa p;nH cpOpMOBOro XJIe6a }'Krra;rJ;bIBaIOT B cpopMbI H HanpaBJ1HIOT Ha pac-
CTOi'n<y, a 3arOTOBKH 1J,11H rrop;OBoro XJIe6a HarrpaBJIHIOT Ha oKpyrrremle.
J].rrH rrorrY'leH1lH rrop;OBblX H3p;emm npop;OJIrOBaTO-oBaJIbHOM cpopMbl
reCTOBble 3aro'IOBKH rrOCJIe p;eJIemiH H oKpyrJIeHlffi HanpaBJIHIOT B 3aKaTO'I-
HYIO MaIlIHHY.
npop;OJI)!(HTeJI!>HOC'Ib paccTOi'n<H TeCTOBblX 3aroTOBoK OT 35 p;o 45 MHH.
nepep; rrOCa)J;KOM B rreqr, Ha paccToHBIllHXCH 3arOTOBKax 1J,11H rrop;OBoro
XJIe6a p;eJIaIOT HeCKOJIbKO KOCblX Ha.u;pe30B IIDH HaKOJIOB.
Ibp;enHH BbIJ1eKaIOT B yaJIa)I(HeHHOM rreKapHoM KaMepe rre 1 IH npH TeMTIe-
parype 195-235°C.
npop;omK"ITenbHOCTb BbIlIe'lKH XJIe6a rop'lH'lHoro 4>opMoBoro MaCCOM
1,0 Kr - 40-45 MHH; rrop;OBoro MaCCOM 0,8 Kr - 33-35 MllH, MaCCOM
0,5 Kr - 25-30 MUH.
MYKa nlI1CHH'lHM XJlc60ncKapHa5l, Kr
BbICillCro copTa
I COpTa
A!JO)l()I(lf XIIc60ncKapHbIc npecconaH-
HbiC, Kr
CoJib nonapCHHa5I IIlIll\CBaJI, Kr
Bolla, Kr
Caxap-nCCOK, Kr
Macno ro p'lli'IHOC, Kr
Ollapa, Kr
TCMITcpaTypa Ha'laJlbHM, 0 C
npOnOJl)!(llTeJ1bHOCr" 6PO)l(CHIUI, Mlli-I
KHcnoTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJI olIapbI, rpaA
KHcnornocTb KOHC'lHa5I TCCTa, rpap;,
He 60nce
l' a 6 n II u a 114
45-55
55-45
2,0
25-35
1,0
PCI.\CnTypa II pe)!(llM npllTOTOBnCHlIH TeCTa onapHblM cnoco60M
AJIII xne6a nOMaWHero
65 -75
25 -32
1,5
no pac'IeTY
6,0
6,0
BCJI
29 -30
60-90
1,5
no pac'IeTY
6,0
8,0
!JC5I
29-30
40 -60
MYKa nlI1CHH'lHM XJlc60ncKapHM I COpTa, Kr
.lJ,po)j()I(lf XJlC60nCKapHbIc npeCCOBaIIHbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapcHHM U"HI.I.\enaJI, Kr
Bona, Kr
Onapa, Kr
Caxap-nccoK, Kr
MOJloKO I.\CJ1bHOC, Kr*
TCMncpaTypa Ha'laJlbHaJI, 0 C
IIponoJl)l(lfTCJlbHOCTh 6PO)l(eHHH, MHH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM onapbI, rpaA
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaJI TeCTa, rpap;, He 60nee
onapa TeCTO
45-55 55-45
1,0
1,5
30-31 no pac'leTY
nCH
3,0
25,0
28-29 29-30
210- 240 60-90
3,5-4,0
3,0
35-55
Pacxop; ChIpbJl 11 napaMeT-
HaHMeHOBaHHC CbIpbJl, narry$a6pllKaToB H nOKa3aTeneH pbI npOIl.CCca no. CT3,IJ;HHM
npOI\eCca
28-30
210-240
2,5-3,5
28-30
240-260
4,0-4,5
3,0
3,0
* MonoKo l.\eJlbHOC nonHOCTbIO lIJIlI'IaCTH'lHO MO)!(110 BHOClITb B onapy.
XJIe6 p;oMallIHllli
Tec'Io ro'IOBHT OrrapHbIMH crroco6aMH lfJIH p;pyrHMH cnoco6aMH, npHM:e-
HHeMbIMH 1J,11H rrpHI'OTOBJIeHlffi XJIe6a H3 IIllIeHH'lHOH MyKH (Tafirr. 114).
fOTOBoe recTO p;enHT Ha KYCKH YCTaHOBrreHHOM MaCCbl MallIHHaMH lfJIH
BPY'IHYIO. TIepep; cpOpMOBKOH reCTOBble 3aroTOBKH eJ1eC006pa3HO rro.D;Bep-
ran oKpymeHHIO.
,lJ,nH rronY'leHllil H3p;emm rrpop;onroBaTO-QBaJIbHOH 4>OpMbI reC'IOBble
3arOTOBKH nocne p;eneHIDl H oKpyrJIeHIDl HanpaBJIHIOT B 3aKaTO'lHYIO Ma-
IIDIHy.
npop;omKIITerrbHOCTb OKOH'laTenbHoH paccTOHKH 30-40 MHH.
BbIlIeKaIOT H3p;enHH Ha rropY, p;orrycKaeTCH Bbme'lKa Ha nHCTax. TIpH Bbl-
ne'm:e Ha nopY paccTOHBIllHecH 3arOTOBKH IIpH nocaro<e B rreqr, nepeKJIa;rJ;bl-
BaIOT lllBOM ImH3. TIe pep; noCa)J;KOH H3p;eJIHH HaKaJIbmaIOT p;epeBIDlHoH
lIIDIIDbKOH.
Y.ne6 P;OMannrniI BbIpa6aThIBaIOT B COO'IBeTCTBHll C fOCT 9512-60
H3 IUlleHH'lIIOM MYKH rrepnoro copTa C p;06aBneHHeM eJ1bHOrO MonOKa.
210
211
llpoAOn:>KHTenbHOCTb Bbme'lKH )J;JIH H3Aemm MacCOH 0,4 Kr COCTaBnHeT
22-25 MHH, a MaccoH 0,8 Kr - 30-35 LVllIH npH TeMneparype YBna)!(HellliOH
neKapHoH KaMepbl 210-220° C.
Xrre6 MOnO'lHbrn:
Xne6 MOnO'llibIH Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no rOCT 10074-69 1'13 MYKH Bblciliero
1'1 nepBoro COpTOB C Ao6aBneHHeM MonOKa cpOpMOBblM MaCCOH 0,4 Kr 1'1 1'13
M}'KH nepBoro 1'1 BToporo COpTOB nOAOBblM MaccoH 0,8 KL
llOAOBblH xne6 HMeeT npoAonroBaTO-oBaJIbHYID lDIH oKpyrnyw CPOPMY.
TecTo roTOBHT onapHbIM cnoco60M (Tafirr. 115) 1'1 YCKopeHHblM Ha ARC-
neprHpoBaHHOH 4>a3e.
l' a 6 n H U a 115
P enTypa II PC)l(lIM npllrDTOBJleHHJI TCCTa onapHi>IM CnoCOGOM
AJIH XJIe6a MOJlO'lHOrO
Xrre6 noneccKHit
Xrre6 noneCCKHH Bblpa6aThIBalOT no rOCT 12267-661'13 M}'KH IIIIleHH'l-
HOH BblCiliero copra nOAOBblM MaccoH 0,2 1'1 0,4 Kr C Ao6aBneHHeM MOnOKa
cyxoro 06e3:>KHpeHHOrO, caxapa, >KIIpa 1'1 Apyroro CblpbH.
<I>opMa xne6a npoAonroBaTaH C oKpyrneHHbIMH KounaMH 1'1 C 5 -6 HaApe-
3aMH.
TecTo MO:>KHO roTOBHTh nlO6blMH cnoco6aMH, npHM:eHHeMbIMH )J;JIH npH-
rOTOBneHlliI xne6a 1'13 ITIlIeHH'IHOH MyKH. llpegnO'lrnrenbHblMH HBnHIOTCH
OnapHbrn, Ha.6oITbiliOH rYCTOH onape 1'1 6e30napHbrn (Tafirr. 116).
Ta6nllua 116
P emypa II pCJKlIM npllfOTOBJIeHIUI TeCTa onapHblM H 6e30napHblM CnOC06aMH
,lJ;JUI xJle6a nOJIeccKoro
HalIMCHOBBHHe CbIpbH, PBCXOP; CbIpbH H napBMcTpbI npouccca no CTBrolHM
nonyq,a6pHKBTOB H no-
KB3BTCJICH npoucccB onapB TCCTO
MYKa nillCHlI'IHaJ1 XJlc60-
nCKapHaJ1, Kr:
BbICillCro COpTa 45 -55 55-45
I COpTa 45 -55 55-45
II COpTa 45-55 55-45
J4x>)I()I(lf XJlC60nCKapHbIe 2,0 0,5 1,3
npeccOBaHHbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapeHHM ITlIIIIC, 1,5 1,5 1,5
BaJ1, Kr
Boj1a, Kr 32- 35 no 20-25 no 15-20 no
paC'ICTY pac'IcTY paC'ICTY
Onapa, Kr BCH BCH BC51
Caxap-nccoK, Kr 2,0
IIaTOKa, Kr 2,0
MOJloKO cyXOC UCJlbHOC, 10,0
Kr
MOJlOKO I.\CJ1bHOC, Kr 10,0 10,0 15,0 15,0
Ha'laJlbHaJI TeMIICpaTypa, 28-29 29 -30 28-29 29-30 28-29 29-30
DC
IIpol1on)l(lfTenbHocTb 6po- 210-240 60-90 210-240 70-80 210-240 60- 90
)l(CHIUI, MlIH
KHcJlornocTb KOHC'lHaJ1 2,5-3,5 3,5 -4,0 4,5-5,0
onapbI, rpal1
KHcnornocTb KOHe'IHaJ1 3,5 3,5 4,0
TeCTa, rpM, HC 60ncc
HallMCHOBBHHC CbIpbH, nonyq,B6pHKBToB II
nOKa3BTemm npOl.\eCCB
MYKa nlI1CHlI'lHaJI XJlC60ncI<apHM BblClI1erO
copTa, Kr
.D;pO)l()l(H XIIc60ncKapHbIe npeccOBaIlHbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapCHHa51 ITHIIIeBa5l, Kf
Bona, Kr
Onapa, Kr
Caxap-nccoK, Kf
MaprapllH CTOJlOBbIil C COnCp)l(aHHCM )l(lIpa
82%, Kr
MonOKO cyxoc 06C3)1(lIpCHHOC, Kr*
TCMncpaTypa Ha'laJIbHM, DC
IIponon)!(llTeJlbHOCTb 6PO)l(CHHJI, MlIH
KHcJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaJI onapbI, rpM
KlIcnoTHOCTb KOHe'IHaJ1 TeCTa, rpap;,
HC 60ncc
* ,l],onYCKaCTCH 3aMeHa 50% cyxoro 06e3)!(l1pCHHoro MOJlOKa Ha 6eJlOK paCTtITeJIb-
HbIil nllIIIeBoil B KOJlll'lCCTBC 1,0 Kr.
PBCXOP; CbIpbH H napaMeTPbI npouecca
no cnoco6aM H CTa)J;HHM
onapInoIH
6e30napHbIH
onBpB I
45-55
2,0
25-30
TecTO TeCTO
55-45
100,0
2,0
1,5
no paC'leTY
1,5
no pac'IcTY
BC5I
3,0
2,0
3,0
2,0
4,0 4,0
28-30 28-30 29-31
210-240 60-90 180-210
2,5-3,5
3,0 3,0
Cyxoe 06e3>KIIpeHHoe MonOKO, 6enOK paCrnTenbHbrn IIHIlteBOH 1'1 Mapra-
pHIl BHOCHT B TecTO B BH,IJ;e >KIIpo-MOnO'lHOH 3MyTIbCHH, p emypa KOTOpoH
(B Kr Ha 100 Kr MyKH) npHBeAeHa HIDKe:
lloCJle AeneHlliI 1'1 oKpyrneHllil reCTOBble 3arOTOBKH HanpaBnHIOT Ha pac-
CTOHKY.
llpoAOn:>KUTenbHOCTh paCCTOll<H ITOAOBblX H3AenHH 25-45 MHH, <PapMO-
BblX - 45-60 MIDI.
IIp:momKUTenbHOCTb Bbme'lKH nOAOBblX H3Aeny.H rvmccoH 0,8 Kr 35-
40 MHH npH TeMTIeparype neKapHoH KaMepbl 210-220°C. llpoAOn:>KllTerrb-
HOCTb Bbme'lKH 4>OpMOBblX H3AerrHH MaccoH 0,4 Kr 34-36 MIDI.
MOJIOKO cyxoc 06C3 CHHOC lIJIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4,0
(MonoKo cyxoc 06e3)1(lIPeHHOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2,0
6CJlOK pacTlITCJJbHbIH nllIIIeBoil) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,0
MaprapllH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2,0
BOAa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14,0
212
213
)l{J.{poMonO<IlIYIO 3M}'JlbCHlO TOTOBlIT H3 npe1J;BapHTenbHO BOCCTaHOBneH-
HOrO cyxoro MOnOKa. ,[\)111 3TOrO rOTOBlIT CMeCb MOnOKa H BO)J;bl C TeMIlepa-
TypoH 28-30°C B COOTHOmemill 1:2 B 6a'IKe C MeIIIaJIKOH. B Teqelille 1 1J
MonOKO Ha6yxaeT, aaTeM CMeCb paa6aBnlllOT BO}:(OH, ADBeM COOTHomelille
MonOKa H BO}:(bl 1 :3, H rrepeMeIIIm!alOT 15-20 MIDI. BOCCTaHOBnellllOe MO-
nOKO H paCTOIInellllb:rH MaprapIDI rrop;alOT B C6HBaJIbH}'lO MaIl1Imy )J;JI1I IIony-
1JeHIDl )I(llpOMOn01JHOH 3MyrrbCHH.
3aMellIeHHoe TeCTO HMeeT IIOBbImeHH}'lO nHIIKOCTh, KOTopaH HC'le3aeT
K KOHIJ;y 6po:>KelillH BCnep;CTBHe Ha6yxaHIDI 6eJ1KOB MonOKa.
TecTO }:(enHT MlliIIlIHaMH. TIpH oKpyrnemill 3arOTOBKH reCTa u;enecoo6-
pa3HO rrporrycnllD 1Jepe3 ABa IIOCJ1e}:(OBarenbHO pacrrOnO:>KeHIIbIX oKpyrnHTe-
mf, rrOCJ1e 'lero 3aroTOBKH rrocTyrralOT B 3aKaT01JHYIO MlliIIlIHY.
TIpop;OJ1)KMTenbHOCTb paCCTOHKH COCTaBnHeT 40-60 MIDI.
TIepep; rrOCa)J.KOH B rre'Ih Ha pacCTOHBIillIXCH 3arOTOBKax }:(enalOT Ha}:(pe3bl.
TIpolJ;OmKIITenbHOCTb Bbme1JKH AJlH H3p;emrn MaccoH 0,4 Kr 28-30 MMH,
MaCCOH 0,2 Kr - 18-20 MIDI rrpH reMIlepaType YBna)KHellllOM rrCKapHOH Ka-
Mepbl215-235°C.
Ta6J1Hua 117
Pel\CnTypa H peJKHM npllrOTOBJlCHHJJ TeCTa Ha )!(RAKOH onape
,lJ;JlJI xnc6a 6cnopyccKoro
HaHMCHOBaHIIC CbIpbH, norryq,a6pllKaToB II nOKa3aTCIIeH
npou;ccca
PaCXOA CbIpbH II napaMeT-
pbI npou;ccca no CTaAlliIM
onapa TCCTO
Xne6 6eJ10pYCCKHH
MYKa nlilCHIPJHa5I xnc60ncKaplIM I capTa, Kr
,lJ,ponO;(JJ npCCCOBaHHbIC xnc5ancKapHbIc, Kr
COJIb IIOBapcIIHa5I ll1iJueBa5I, Kr
BOAa, Kr
Onapa, Kr
Caxap-neCOK, Kr
MaprapllH CTOJlOBbIit C cOAep)l(aHHCM )l(npa 82%, Kr
MonoKo CYXOC 06C3)1(HpCIIHOC, Kr
TCl\mepaTypa Ha'laJJblIa5I, C C
npoJJ:on>KJITCJlb!IOCTh 6po )l(eHIUI, MlIH
KIICJJOTHOCn, KOIIC'IHM Onapb!, rpaA
KHCnOTHOC1J, KOHe t ma5I TCCTa, rpap;, HC Goncc
25 -35
2,0
75 -65
35 -55
1,5
no pac'IcTY
BCH
2,0
2,0
6,0
29-30
40-60
28-29
240-260
4,5-5,0
4,5
Xne6 6c"'10pYCCKHii BbIpa6aTbmalOT IIO fOCT 12792-67 H3 M}'KH IIllIe-
HWillOH nepBoro copTa C }:(o6aBnelilleM cyxoro 06e3)KHpellllOro MonOKa.
Xne6 6enOPYCCKIrn BbIIIeKalOT clJOpMOBbIM MaCCOH 0,7 Kr Ii rrop;OBbIM
oKpyrnoli clJOpMbI MaccoH 0,4 Kr. OpHeHrnpoBO'lHb:rH }J,HaMeTp meGa MaccoH
0,4 Kr 16-17 CM.
TecTo roTOBET oIIapHbIM H }:(pyrHMJI clIoco6aMH, rrpIDIHTbIMM B xne60-
IIe'leHlliI. TIpeiJ,II01JrnrenbHbIM JfBnHeTClI crroco6 rrplITOTOBlIelillH Ha >Kli)J.KOH
orrape (TaM. 117).
Cyxoe 06e3)1(llpellllOe MonOKO IDIH 6eJ10K pacTHTenbHbIH rrH eBoH H
MaprapHlf MO)!(HO BHOCHTh B BHp;e )f(HpOMOn01JHOH 3M}'JlbCYili rrpr 3aMece Tec-
Ta. TIpmoTOBneHHe 3MyrrbCHH oc eCTBnHeTC.!I lIO peu;errType, rrpID3e}:(eHHOH
B IrnCTpYKWUl Ha xne6 rroneCCKHH.
TIoBblIlleHHaH KHCJ10THOCTb TeCTa MO)KeT B03JlliKHYTh 3a C'leT Hcrronb30-
BaHlliI cyxoro MonOKa IIOBbIJlleHHOH KHCJ10THOCTH. TIpH :;)TOM KHCJ10THOCTh
roTOBhL'( .H3}:(emrn He ADn)KHa rrpeBbnnaTh HOpM, rrpeA}'CMOTpeHHbIX CTaH)J;ap-
TOM.
fOToBoe TecTO }:(eJ1HT Ha }:(enHTenbHbIX MlliIIlIHax, nocrre 1Jero TeCTOBble
aarOTOBKH )J;JIH clJopMoBoro xne6a YKJIa;:J;bmaIOT B clJoPMb! H HarrpaBnHIOT
Ha paCCTOHKY, a 3arOTOBKH )J;JIH I1O BOro xne6a HanpaBJ1l1lOT Ha oKpyr-
neHHe.
OKpyrnemIe 3aroToBoK )J;JI1I IIO}:(OBOro xne6a )KerraTenbHO OC eCTBnHTh
Ha 2-x oKpyrmneJ1HX, YCTaHOBneHHbIX rrocrrep;oBanmbl{O.
TIpo}:(OJ1:iKMTeJ1bHOCTb paCCTOHKH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK 30-50 MIDI.
113}:(eJ1Me BbmeKalOT Ha rroA)' IDIH B <PopMax rrpH TeMIlepaType 200-
220°C. .
TIpop;On)KlITenbHOCTh Bbme'lKH xne6a 6erropyccKoro rrO}:(OBoro COCTaB-
nHeT 30-35 MIDI, <PopMOBOro - 35-37 MlIH.
Xne6 CHTHbIH C H31OMOM
Xne6 CMTHb!H C H31OMOM Bb!pa6anmalOT rro fOCT 27842-88 H3 mueHH'l-
HOH M}'KM BbIcIllero copTa.
Xne6 CMTHblii C H31OMOM BbmYCKalOT rrO}:(OBbIM, YMHHellllOoQBaITbHOii
clJOPMbI C HaApe3al\lli Ha BepXHeH KopKe. Macca BeCOBoro He 60nee 2,0 Kr,
llIT}'1JHOro - 0,95-I,OKr.
OpHeHrnpoBO'lHble pa3Mepb! me6a MaCCOH 1,0 Kr: WIJma 30-33 CM,
IilllplIHa 15-17 CM. -
TecTo rOTOBflT orrapHbIM crroco60M H Ha 6oJIbIllOM rYCTOH onape (TaM.
118).
214
215
Ta6J1Hua 118
OpHeHrnpoBO'lHbrn AHaMeTp nop;oBoro xrre6a H3 MJKH 1 copTa MaccoH
0,5 Kr 14-18 CM, H3 MyKH 11 COpTa MaCCOH 0,4 Kr - 12-16 CM.
Tecm MO)KJIO rOTOBHTb m06bIMH crroco6aMH, rrpmmTbIMH .DlIH rrpHro-
TOBJIeHill! xrre6a H3 IllIIeHWJHOH M)'KH (Taoo. 119).
fOToBoe TeCTO p;emrr Ha p;eJIHTeJIbHbIX MalllliHax, nOCJIe '1ero 3arOTOBKH
TeCTa .DlIH nop;oBoro xne6a HarrpaBJIHIOT Ha oKpyrJIeHHe, a .DlIH 4>OpMOBOro -
YKJIaP;bIBaIOT B 4>0 pMbI.
OKpyrJIeHHbIe 3aroToBKH .DlIH nOJJ;OBoro xrre6a H 3arOTOBKH B 4xJPMaX
rrocTymuoT Ha paCCTOHKY.
Pellcmypa H peJKlIM nplIrOTOBneHWI TeCTa onapHblM CnoC060M
AJIII XJIe6a cHTHoro C H31OMOM
H81IMCHOBaHlle CbIpbH, norrY<P86pm<aToB H nOKa3aTeJleH
npouccca
Pacxog CbIpbH II napaMeT-
pbI npOUCCC8 no CTBgHIIM
onapa
TCCTO
MYKa nlI1eHlI'lHa5I XJlC60neKapHa5I BbICillCro copTa, Kr
,IJpO)l()l(lf XJIC60nCKapHbIC npeCCOBaHHbIe, Kr
Conb nOBapCHHa5I nllll(CBa!!, Kr
BoAa, Kr
Onapa, Kr
Caxap-nCCOK, Kr
MaprapllH CTOnOBbIfi C COp;ep)l(aHlIeM )!(lIpa 82%, Kr
BHHorpaAcYlI1CHb ,Kr
TCMIIepaTYpa Ha'laJ1bHa!!, 0 C
npol1on)!(llTCJ1bHOCTb 6PO)l(CHlI5I, MlIH
KHcnoTHOCTh KOHC'IHM onapbI, rpaA
KlIcJIOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM TeCTa, rpM, HC 60ncc
45-55
1,0
55-45
25-35
1,5
no paC'ICTY
BC!!
5,0
2,0
10,0
30-31
75-90
Ta 6n lIU a 119
PeUcnTypa H pCJKlIM npllrOTOBneHHH TeCTa onapHbIM cnoco60M
AJIII xJle6a IpaJKp;aHCKOI'O
2,0
Pacxog CbIpbH H nap8MCTPbI npouccca
no cnoco68M H CTanll5IM
HalIMCHOB8HlIC CblpbJl, norry<pa6plIK8ToB H
nOKa38TeneH npouccca onapHbrn: H8 )f(l!AKOH onape
onap8 I TecTO onap8 I TecTO
MYKa XJlc60ncKapHa!! nlI1eHlI'IHM IIepBoro 45 -55 55-45 25-35 75 -65
lInll nTOporo copTa, Kr
I4>O)l()I(lI XJlC60nCKapHbIC npecconaHHbIC, Kr 1,0 1,0
Conb nOBapCHHa5I IIIi CBa!!, Kr 1,5 1,5
BOAa, Kr 25-35 no 35-50 no
paC'ICTY pac'IcTy
Onapa, Kr BC!! nC5I
llaTOKa, Kr 5,0 5,0
TCMlIepaTypa Ha'laJ1bHa!!, 0 C 27-28 29-31 28-30 28-30
IIp o l1o Jl )l(HTCnbHocTb 6PO)l(CHlIH, MlIH:
I1JIH 1I3)],CJIlIil1l3- MYKII I coPTa 210-240 60-90 240-260 40-60
I1JIH H311eJIlIll1l3 MYKH II copTa 210-240 60-90 230-250 50-60
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM olIapbI, rpM:
I1JIH 1I3)],cnllfi 113 MYKH I COpTa 3,0-4,0 4,0-5,0
I1JIH 1I311eJIlIn H3 MYKU II cOPTa 4,0-5,0 5,0-6,0
KHCJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHa5I TeCTa, rpap;, He 60ncc:
I1JIH 1I311enlln 113 MYKII I COpTa 3,5 3,5
I1JIH H3)],enllfi H3 MYKII II copTa 4,5 4,5
29-30
180-270
2,5-3,5
fOTOBoe TecTO p;eJIHT Ha p;errHTerrbHbIX MalIIijHax H oKpyrrrHIOT. TIOCJIe
oKpyrrreHlliI 3arOTOBKH TeCTa u;erreC006pa3HO nOJJ;BepraTb rrpe1J;BapHTerrb-
HOH paCCTOrn<e, a 3aTeM HanpaBrrHTb B 3aKaTO'lH)'IO MalIllmy.
C4>opMoBaHHbIe TeCTOBbIe 3aroTOBKH rrop;alOT Ha OKOHQaTerrbHYIO pac-
cronKY, npop;omKHTerrbHOCTh KOTOpoH 45-55 MHH.
PaccroHBnmecH H3p;eLiHH yKJIaJJ;bIBalOT Ha nop; rre'IH IDIH Ha rrHCTbI, coxpa-
HHH rrpoMe>KyTKH Me>K,gy HHMH, '!T06bI He norryqIDIoCb npHTHCKOB H OOeAHbIX
6oKOBbIX KOpoK.
TIepep; nOCaJJ;KOH B ne'lb Ha rrOBepXHOCTH 3arOTOBOK p;erralOT HeCKorrbKO
HagpC30B.
113p;eJIHH BbIIIeKalOT B YBJIa)!(HeHHOH rreKapHOH KaMepe npH TeMrrepaType
210-240° C. TIpop;orrwuerrbHOCTb Bbme'll<H xrre6a MaCCOH 1,0 Kr 30-
35 MIDI.
Xne6 rp crom
Xne6 rpa)l(JJ;aHcKHii BbIpa6aTbIBalOT rro faCT 11835-66 H3 M)'KH nme-
HWllIOH nepBoro IDIH BTOporo COpTOB C p;06aBrreHHeM naroKH H p;pyroro
CbIpbH.
Xne6 rpalKJJ;aHcKHii BbIIIeKaIOT 4>OpMOBbIM H nop;OBblM. Macca 4>OPMOBO-
ro xrre6a H3 M)'KH 1 copTa 0,65 Kr, H3 M)'KH II C9pTa - 0,7 Kr; rrop;OBoro H3
MyKH I cop:ra - 0,5 KI', nOn;OBoro H3 M)'KH II copTa - 0,4 Kr.
216
TIpop;omKHTerrbHOCTb paCCTOID<H 40-50 MIDI.
Bbme'll<a 4>opMoBoro xne6a AJUlTCH 35-37 MHH, nop;oBoro xrre6a _
30-35 MJIH rrpH TeMIIepaType neKapHoll KaMepbI 200-220°C.
,!J,JUI rrorryqeHlliI rJIHHIJ;a H3p;errHH rrepep; BbIeMKOll H3 rre'IH peKOMeH,IJ;yeT-
CH orrpbICKHBaTb BOp;Oll.
217
Xrre6 ropoJJ;C:KOH
llpOJJ;omKlfIeJ1bHOCTb paccTOfu<H TeCTOBblX 3arOTOBO:K 30-50 MlliI.
llepeA rrOCa}J;Koll B rre'lb Ha TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOB:KaX 1J,1UI rroAoBoro xne6a
ACJ1alOT Ha:KOJ1bI.
113AeJ1He Bbrne:KaIOT Ha rroA}' lDIH B 4>oPMax rrpH TeMIIepaType 200-
220°C.
Xne6 roPOAC:KOll .BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT rro fOCT 27842-88 H3 M}'KH IIIlleHllq-
HOll rrepBoro copTa C Ao6aBJ1eHlleM cyxoro 06e3)!(llpeHHOro MonOKa.
Xne6 roPOACKOll BbllIeKalOT 4>OpMOBbIM Maccoll 0,5-0,8 Kr H rrOAo-
BbIM MaCCOll 0,5 Kr.
OpHeHTlIpoBO'llibIll IJ,UaMeTp Kpyrnoro xneoa MaCCOll 0,5 Kr - 15-
17 CM.
TecTO rOTOBR,T orrapHblM Ii ApyrHMH crroco6aMH, rrprnliITbIMH B xne60-
rre'Iemm. i1pe,o;no'ITHTenbHI',IM HBnfleTCH cnoco6 nplITOTOBJ1eHHH Ha )J(11)J;KOll
orrape (Ta6n. 120).
npoAOn)J(HIenbHOCTb Bbrne'IKH I13Aemrn 4>oPMoBbiX 35-37 MHH, noAO-
BbIX - 30-35 Ml1H.
Xne6 AOpo)lQIblH B ynaKoBKe
3,5
Xne6 AOpo)KHbIll B yIIaKOBKe BbIpa6aTbmalOT no fOCT 15950-70 H3
rrIIIeHWIHoll M}'KH rrepBoro copTa 4>OpMOBbIM MaCCOll 0,7 Kr H nOAOBbIM
MaCCOll 0,4 Kr.
.1J.rrR Bbme'lKH 4>opMoBoro xne6a HCnoJ1b3YIOT 4>opMbI xne60rreKapHbIe
HOMepoB 6 H 7 rnna I no fOCT 17327-77.
nOAOBbIll xne6 HMeeT rrpoAonroBaTYIO 4>OPMY C HaApe3aMH Ha rroBepx-
HOCTn. OplieHrnpOBO'llibIe pa3MepbI nop;oBoro xne6a: IJ,JUma 27-29 CM,
IillIpmIa - 9-11 CM.
TecTo roTOBHT orrapHbIM cnoco60M IDIH ApyrHMH cnoco6aMH, npliMeIDIe-
MbIMH 1J,11H npmoToBneHllH xne6a 113 IIIlleHWIHoll M)'KH (Tafi.. 121).
fOToBoe reCTO AenHT Ha AenHTenbHbIX MaIilllHax, oKpyrnHIOT H nocne
oKpyrneHIli! 4>OpMOBbIX H3AenIrii: H rrocneAYIO ell 3aKaTIaI nO OBbIX 113-
ACJ1Hll reCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH rrOCTyIIaIOT Ha paCCTOllKY.
TIpoAOJI)J(HIenbHOCTb paCCTOllKH 1J,11H 4>OpMOBOro xne6a 40-60 MIDI,
1J,11H nOAoBoro - 30-40 Ml1H. t
nepeA noca).:\Koll B rreqv Ha rrOIJ,OBOM xne6e AenalOT 4-6 KOCbIX HaApe-
30B C rroMo bro CrrerrHaJIbHOrO YCTpollcTBa lDIH BPY'lHYIO.
113Aemui BblIIeKaIOT B YBna:>KHeHHoH rreKapHoll KaMepe ne'lli rrpI'! TeMIIe-
parype 21O-220°C.
TIpo,o;on)!(llTenbHOCTb BblIIe'lKH xne6a 4>OpMOBOro 38-40 Mm-IyT, nop;o-
BOl'O - 18-20 Jl.lliH.
YnaKoBKY Ii MapKHpoBKY xne6a AOpo:>KHOro oCYIITeCTBnRIOT B COOTBeT-
CTBllif C Tpe60BaHlliIMH fOCT 15950-70. .1J.rrH yrraKOBKH Hcnonb3YIOT
nonH3nmeHoBYro IUleHKY, naKHpoBaHlThrii: rrenno4>aH, lDIH rrapa«pHHHpoBaH-
HYIO 6YMary.
TaG n H U a 120
Pel\CnTypa II pcxmM IIpllHJTOBJleHlI5I TCCTa Ha 1Iill[\KOH onapc
,IJ,JIJI xnc6a ropO[\CKOrO
Pacxon CbIpbH 11 napaMCT-
Haw-IcHoBaHHc CbIjJ1>H, nonyq,a6pllKaToB 11 nOK!l3aTenCH pbI npOl\CCca no CTa)J;lIJ1M
npOl\ccca
)Kl KalI TCCTO
onapa
MYKa nIllCH!I.'lHa5I xne60ncKapHaH I copTa, Kr
A!J0)K;{(ll xneGcnCKapHbIe npCCCOBaHHble, Kr
COJIb nOBapCHHM nHIIIeBaH, Kr
BOl1a,Kr
Caxap-nccoK, Kr
Maprapm! CTonOBbIfi C COAep)j(aHlIeM )l(lIpa 82%, Kr
naToKa, Kr
MOJlOI(O cyXOC oGe3)!(JipcHHoe, Kr*
TCMIIepaTypa Ha'laJ1LHa5I, 0 C
npOAOJlJKI1TCJlbHOCTb 6po)J(eHHH, MlIH
KHcnOTHocTh KOHC'IHaH Ollapbl, !'PaA
KHcJlOTIIOCTh KOHe'lHaH TeCTa, rpap;, HC 60ncc
25 -35
2,0
75-65
35 -55
1,5
no pac'IeTY
3,0
4,0
5,0
4,0
29-30
40-60
28-30
240-260
4,0-5,0
* )J,onycKaeTcH 3aMeHa 50% cyXoro 05C3)1(HpeHHOro MOJlOKa Ha 6enoK pacnneJlb-
HbIn nHIl\eBOfi B KOnl1'JeCTBC 1,0 Kr.
Cyxoe 06e3:>KI1peHlIOe MonOKO ImH 6CnoK paCTHTenbHbIH m! eBOll H
MaprapHH BH,!CRT B BH,JJ;e 3MynbClll! rrpH 3aMece TeCTa. npHroToBneuHe
)KllpOMOnO'lHOll 3MyTIbCHH oCYIITecrnnHeTCH rro PCrrerrType, rrpHBc,o;eHUOll
B lfiIcrpYK[Il1H Ha xne6 rronecciom.
TecTO 3aMennrnalOT p;onbIIIe 06bl'IHOrO Ha 2-3 MHH.
fOTOBoe reCTO ACTUIT ua ,o;eJIHTeJIbHbIX Malillmax, nOCJIe 'Iero 3arOTOB-
KH TeCTa V.JIH nOgOBoro xne6a HarrpaBnRIOT Ha oKpyrrreHI'!C.
OKpyrncHlle 3aroToBOK 1J,11H rrOAOBoro xnc5a )KeJraTenbHO OCYli\eCTB-
nIDI> Ha 2 x OK PYTJIHTeJ1HX, YCTaHOBneHHbIX rrocne OBaTeJIbHO, H Aanee
H3AeJIHe HarrpaBJImOT na paCCTOllKY.
218
219
Pc cnTYpa H pe)IQIM npllrOTOBnCHHH TeCTa onapHblM cnoco60M
AnH XJlc6a Aopo)lQloro B ynaKoBKc
TaGJllIua 121
Xne6 MaTHaKaIII
onapa TeCTO
50-40
Xne6 MaTHaKalll Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no fOCT 27842-88 H3 nllleHH'IHOH
MYKH BbIClllero, I, II COpTOB H MyKIf 060lIHOH MaccoH 0,5-1,5 Kr J1,mI lllTY'!-
Horo xne6a If He 60nee 2,5 Kr - n,rUI BeCOBoro.
<I>opMa xne6a oKpyrnafl HnH oBanbHo-YnJIHHeHHaR C npononbHbIMH
penbe<paMIf Ha nOBepxHocTH If KpyroBbIM penbe<poM-06onKoM no KpaIO
(Ta6n. 123). OpIfeHTHpOBO'IHble pa3MepbI If3nenHii B 3aBHCIfMOCTH OT COpT3
MyKH H <pOpMbI H3nenHH npenCTaBneHbI B TaOO.123.
HIIHMCHOB8HHe CbIpbJl,
nonycl>a6pHKaToB
H nOKa3aTcnCH
npo ecca
Pacxo,Q CbIpbJl H napa-
MCTpbI npo ccca
no CTanll5IM
MYKa IIillCHlI'IHa51 XJlc60nCKapHa51 I cOpTa, Kr
.uP0)l()!(lI XJlC60nCKapHbIC npCCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapeHHaJI nlllUeBaH, Kr
BOAa, Kr
Ollapa, Kr
Caxap-nCCOK, Kr
MaprapHH CTOJlOBhlfi C cOJJ;Cp)l(aHlICM )!(lIpa 82%, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbHM, 0 C
npOAOn)l(lITCJlb!lOCTb GpO)l(CHHH, MHH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lH351 onapbI, rpan
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaH TeCTa, rpan, HC Gonce
50-60
1,0
27 - 30
-,
28-30
210-240
3,0-4,0
1,5
no paC'IeTY
BCH
3,0
2,0
29-31
60-90
l' a G JI II a 123
OpHeHTHpOBO'lHbIe pa3MCphI XJle6a
3,5
Pa3MepbI, CM
HaHMeHOB8HHe mp:eJIHJI Tonnuma Tonnuma
l1J1IIHa IUHpHHa 060,QKa cpC.QHeH
pe6pa 1Iacm
pe6pa
Xne6 ,QopomHhIH
l' a G nIl u a 122
OBaJIbHbIH XJlcG
XncG MaCCOH 1,0 Kr 113 nlI1CHlI'IIIOn MYKlI:
BbIClI1CrO copTa 31-33 23-24 4,5-5,0 4,0-4,5
I copTa 31-32 23-24 4,5-5,0 4,0-4,5
II ca pTa 30-31 23-24 3,5 -4,0 3,5-4,0
OGOHHOH 29-30 20-21 3,5-4,0 3,0- 3,5
XncG MaCCOH 0,5 Kr 113 nlI1CHlI'IHOn MYKlI:
BbIClI1erO cOpTa 26-28 14-15 3,5-4,0 2,5-3,0
I copTa 26-28 14-15 3,5 -4,0 2,5-3,0
II capTa 24-26 14-15 3,0-3,5 2,0-2,5
060HHOH 22-24 14-15 3,0-3,5 2,0- 2,5
lUIaMeTp
OKpyrnhIH XJle6
XncG MaCCOn 1,0 Kr 113 nlI1CHlI'lHofi MYKH.
BbICillero copTa 28-30 4-5 3,5-4
I cOpTa 28-30 4-5 3,5-4
II cOpTa 26-28 4-4,5 3-3,5
o60tIHon 24-26 3,5-4 2,5-3
XncG Maccofi 0,5 Kr 113 nillCHlI'lHofi MYKlI:
BbIClI1CrO copTa 21-22 3-4 2,5-3
I COpTa 21-22 3-4 2,5-3
II capTa 19-20 3-3,5 2-2,5
060fiHOn 17-18 3-3,5 2-2,5
OpHeHrnpOBO'IHble pa3MepbI nHCTOB ynaKOBO'IHOrO MaTepHana (B MM)
Ailfl xne6a nopo>KHoro npHBeneHbI B TaOO. 122.
IIapacl>lIHHpoBBHHaJI
6YMara
IIOJIH3THJ1cHOBaJl DJICHKa
IIJIH nBKHpOBaHHhIH
eJDIOcl>aII
.QJ'IHHa I IUHpHHa
.QJ'IHHa I IUHpHHa
(l)0pMOBon
n0l10BbIfi
400--4w
380-390
510-520
400-410
500-510
400-410
400-410
380-390
TIplf PY'lHoii ynaKoBKe, oCYIl\eCTBnfleMoH TaKIfM :>Ke nYTeM, KaK H Ha
aBTOMaTe, H3nenHe BepXHeii KOpKOii CTaBflT Ha cepe,WIHY nlfCTa nneHKlf lfnlf
6YMarH, pacnOnO:>KeHHbIX Y3KHM KOHQOM K ynaKOBIl\lfKY. 3aTeM KOHJ..U,I
nHCTa HaKnaAbIBalOT Ha HH:>KHIOIO KOPKY H3nemifl TaK, '!T06bI Bnonb Hee
npoxo):\lln lllOB BHaxnecTKY. C TOPQOB xne6a MaTepHan 3am6alOT B Blfne
KOHBepTa.
TIpu ynaKOBKe B nneHKy HJ1H Qenno<paH repMeTH3aQlffl IlIBOB H KOH-
BeprOB OCYIl\eCTBnfleTCfI TepMOCBapKOH C nOMOIl\blO gBYX HarpeBaeMbIX
:meKTplf'!eCKHM TOKOM MeTannH'!eCKHX nnOCKOCTeH. TIpH ynaKoBKe B na-
Pa<PHHHpOBaHHYIO 6YMary MeCTa CTbIKOB CKpennfllOT nHnKOH neHToii.
220
TecTo rOTOBflT onapHbIM cnoco6oM.
TIapaMeTpbI TeXHonorlf'!eCKoro npol.{eCca npHBeneHbI B Ta6n. 124.
221
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C yrny6neHmlMJ-1 HJIIf 6e3 HHX H HarrpaBJIfllOT Ha paccTOiiKY.
TI poD;OJI)!(}neJIbHOCTb paccTOiiKH n,lUI H3D;eJIIfii If3 MyKIf I If BbICLUero
COpTOB - 40-50 MI1H; II copTa - 35-40 MIfH; 060iiHOii - 30-35 MHH.
PaccToiiKY QcymeCTBJIHIDT B paccToiiHblX LUKa4Jax IfJIIf Ha BarOHeTKax B
YCJIOBIffiX rreKapHoro 3aJIa. PacCToflBLUHecfI KYCKIf TeCTa rrepeKJIaD;bmalOT
Ha pa3D;eJIO'lHbIii CTOJI, rrepeBopa'lIfBafi IfX. Pa3D;CJIKY MaTHaKaLUa npoIf3-
BOD;lIT C rrOMomblO LUTaMrra IfJIIf Bpy'lliYIO. .!Lrm PY'lHOH pa3D;CJIKIf nonro-
TaBJIIfBalDT :>KHD;KYIO CMa3KY If3 ocaxapeHHoii 3aBapKIf, pa36aBJIeHHOii ro-
pfl'Ieii BOD;Oii D;O KOHCIfCTeHQIfIf CJIIfBOK. naD;omu,m 06eIfX pyK, CMO'IeH-
HblMJ-I B CMa3Ke, TeCTO paCillIlOll(HBalOT B ynnIfHeHHYIO IfJIIf oKpyrJIyro JIe-
neLUKY, a 3aTeM peGpOM JIaD;OHH npOD;aBJIIfBaIDI 6op03D;KIf IfJIIf peJIbe4JbI.
PHcynoK HaHOCIfTCfI B QeHTpaJIbHOH 'IaCTIf JIeneLUKM, a KpalI JIeneLUKM 06-
pa3YlOr o60n;oK.
Bbme'lKY XJIe6a MaTHaKaLU BeD;YT B YBJIa)l(HCHHoii neKapHoii KaMepe
B Te'leH!Ie 18-25 MMH npH TeMnepaType 210-230°C.
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Xne6 3a5aitK8JThCKHH
I I I I I
Xne6 3a6aMKaJIbCKHll BbIpa6aTbmalOT no fOCT 27842-88 M3 50% nLUe-
HJilIHOM MyKH BToporo copra H 50% nLUeHM'JHoii 060iiHOH MyKH. '
Xne6 3a6aiiKaJIbCKUH BbIIlycKaffiT rrOD;OBbIM - oKpyrJIoii HJlH OBaJIb-
HOH 4JOpMbI H <pOpMOBbIM Maccoii OT 0,7 D;O 1,0 Kr, a TaK)I(e BeCOBbIM Mac-
coii He 60JIee 2,0 Kr. OpHeHTHpOBO'llibIe pa3Mepbl nOD;oBoro XJIe6a npo-
D;OJIrOBaTO-OBaJIbHOii 4JOpMbI Maccoii 1,0 Kr - nnMHa 31-35 CM, lillIpIfHa
10-14 CM.
TecTo rOTOBflT Ha 3aKBaCKax mIH orrapHblM crroco60M Ha rrpeccoBaH-
HbIX D;p0)l()I(aX, )!(HD;KJ!X MJlM HX CMeClIX. TIpM orrapHoM cnoco6e D;06aBJIlI-
lOT IIpH 3aMece orrapbI 5-10% BbI6po)l(eHHOM onapbI. Onapy rOTOBflT M3
nlileHIf'IHoii 060HHOM MYKH, a TeCTO 33rvreLUMBalOT H3 MyKH BToporo copTa
(Ta6JI. 125).
TIpoQecc pa3BeD;CHHlI )!(}'!,D;KMX 3aKBacO!( rrpHBen;eH B Ta6n. 105.
fOTOBoe TeCTO j:LcmIT Ha D;eJIHTeJIbHbIX MalilllHax, rrOCJIe '1cro 3arOTOB-
KH TeCTa YKJIaD;bIBaIOT B 4JOpMbI, a D;J]fI XJIc6a rrOD;OBoro - HanpaBJIlIlOT
Ha oKpyrneHMe H 3aKaTKY.
3aTeM npOBOj:L iTCfI paccToMKa 3arOTOBOK. llpOD;OJI:>KHTeJIbHOCTb pac-
CTOMKH 40-60 MMH.
113D;eJIHH BbIIleKaIOT Ha nOD;Y HJIH B <popMax B YBJIa>I<HeHHOii neKapHoii
KaMepe rrpH TCMIleparype 200-230°C.
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Ta6J1l1Ita 126
PeItelITypa H peJKHM npllrOTOBneHHJI TeCTa Ha )I(lI/1KOH onape
J1JIJI xne6a KlIWHHeBCKoro
PeItenTypa II pC>KlIM npllrOTOBJleHHH TeCTa onapHbIM cnoco60M
J1JIH xne6a 3a6aiiKaJIbCKOro
HIllIMeHOBaH1fe Cblp!>R,
nonycl>a6pHKaToB H nOKa3aTcneii npOItecca
PacxoJJ. C!>IpbR
H nap8MeTpbI npOI.\eCca
no CT8J].HHM
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nonycl>a6pHKaToB H nOKa3aTeneH npOI.\Ccca
PacxoJJ. CbIpbH
H napaMCTpbI npoItecca
no CTa)J;IUIM
onapa TeCTO
onapa
TCCTO
1.5
MYKa nlI1eHII'IHa51 XJlC60nCKapHaH, Kr:
I copTa
II copTa
L{Po)l()I(If XJle60nCKapHbIC IIpeCCOBaHHble, Kr
COJIb nOBapeHHa5I nllliICBa5I, Kr
BOAa,Kr
Onapa, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbHa5l, 0 C
npOp;OJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHlI5I, MHH
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM onapbl. rpaA
KncnOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaH TCCTa, rpaA, HC Gonee
30
1,0
30
40
MYKa nWClIlI'IHaH XJle60ncKapHa5l, Kf;
060l1:HaH
II copTa
L{P0)l()I(lI XJlC60neKapHbIe npeCCOBaHHbIe, 1<1'
COJIb nOBapeHHa51 nllliIeBa5l, I<r
BOAa, Kf
Onapa, 1(1'
TeMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbHaH, 0 C
npOAOJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHII5I, MlIH
KncnOTHOCTb KOHe'ma51 onapbI, rpap;
KncnOTIIOCTb KOHe'IHa51 TeCTa, rpaA, He fioJlce
46
50,0
0,5
41-43
1,5
no paC1IeTY
BCH
31- 33
8
27 -28
210-240
7,5 -8,0
no paC'IeTY
83,S
28 - 30
60-90
27 - 28
210-240
4,5 -5,0
28-30
40-90
4,5
7,5
fOToBoe TeCTO AeJHlT Ha lJ,em1TenbHbIX Mallllmax, nocne '1ero 3arOTOBKH
TeCTa n,lUI 4JopMoBoro xne6a YKnaAblBalOT B 4JOPMbI, a 3arOTOBKH n,lUI nOAo-
Boro xne6a HanpaBnfllOT Ha oKpyrneHHe.
.!Lrrfl nonY'lemm nOlJ,OBbIX 113lJ,enI1H npOlJ,OnrOBaTO-OBaJIbHOH 4JOPMbI
TeCTOBble 3arOTOBK11 nocne lJ,eneHI1f1 11 oKpyrneHI1f1 HanpaBnfllOT B 3aKa-
TO'IHYlO Mallurny.
C4JopMoBaHHble 113lJ,enl1f1 paCCTaHBalOTcfI.
TIpOlJ,OmIGiTenbHOcTb paccTOHKI1 40-50 MHH.
IblJ,enl1f1 BbmeKalOT Ha nolJ,y I1nl1 B 4JopMax B yBna>l<HeHHOii neKapHoH
KaMepe npl1 TeMTIepaTYpe 220-250°C.
TIpon;omKI1TenbHocTb Bbme'IKl1 xne6a Kl1llIl1HeBCKOro COCTaBJIfleT:
nOlJ,OBOrO 40-45 MHH, 4JOpMOBOro - 50-55 MHH.
TIpolJ,OmIGiTenbHOCTb Bbme'lKI1 XJIe6a 3a6aHKaJIbcI<oro MaccoH 1,0 Kr
COCTaBnfIeT: nOlJ,OBoro 45-50 MHH, 4JopMoBoro - 56-60 MI1H.
Xne6 KHIllHHeBCKIDf
Xne6 Kl1liIl1HeBCKI1H BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT no rOCT 27842-88 113 CMeCH
M)'KH nliIeHI1'IHOH I copTa B KOnH'IeCTBe 30% H II copTa B KOnH'IeCTBe 70%.
Xne6 Kl1llIl1HeBCKl1ii BbmeKaIOT 4JOpMOBbIM M:lccoii 0,85 Kr Ii nOlJ,OBbIM
MaCCOH 0,8 Kr. TIon;oBbIii xne6 I1MeeT npOlJ,onroBaTO-OBaJIbHYID HnH oKpyr.
nylO <PO PM)'. OpHeHTHpOBO'IHble pa3Mepbl npononroBaTo-GBaJIbHOrO xne6a:
W111Ha 32-36 CM, IillfpHHa 12-16 CM; lJ,HaMeTp oKpyrnoro xne6a 20-23 CM.
TecTo rOTOBHT JI106blMH cnoc06aMM, IIpl1MeHfIeMblMM lJ,JUI npl1rOTOB-
neHim XJIe6a 113 nliIeHI1'IHoii M)'KH, KpOMe 6e30napHoro. TIpennOlJTI1Tenb-
HbIMH fiBJ1f1lOTCfI onapHblH If Ha >l<IflJ,I<oii onape (Ta6n. 126).
Xne6 CTeDBoA
224
Xne6 cTenHoH Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no faCT 27842-88 113 CMeCI1 MYKH
nliIeHH'lHOH 060HHoii B KOnH'IeCTBe 30% H nliIeHH'lHoii BToporo copra B
KOnl1'1eCTBe 70% 4JOpMOBbIM MaccoH 0,7-1,0 Kr.
TecTo rOTOBHT Ha >l<IflJ,KOH onape HJII1 Ha >l<IflJ,KOH 3aKBacKe C Hcnonb30-
BaHl1eM npeCCOBaHHblX H >l<IflJ,KHX lJ,pO>lOKeH (Ta6JI. 127).
.!LrrH YJIY'lllIeHHfI Ha6yxaHl1H MyKH nliIeHI1'IHOH 060HHOii lJ,03HpoBKY
ee ueneco06pa3Ho oCYl.I.\eCTBnHTb B onaP:r HnH 3aKBacKY, a MyKY nliIeHH'I-
Hyro BToporo copTa Hcnonb30BaTb Ha 3aMec TeCTa.
TIpOl.{ecc npl1rOTOBneHHfI >l<IflJ,KOH nliIeHH'lHoii 3aKBacKH B pa3BOnO'l-
HOM UI1Kne npHBelJ,eH B Ta6JI. 105.
8 3aK. 1116
225
l' a 6 JI II U a 127
Xne6 ypaJIbCK.m
Pc enTYpa II PC)!(lIMbl npHrOTOBJICHHR TecTa
II,M xne6a CTeDHoro
PaCXOA CbIpbSI H nap8MCTpbI npouccca
no CTa;:umM
Xne6 YpaJIbCKHH Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no fOCT 27842-88 H3 CMeCH MYKH
nrneHH1JHOM 060HHOH B KOnH'leCTBe 30% H nrneHH1JHOH BToporo copTa B KO-
ml1leCTBe 70% C no6aBneHHeM naTOKH.
Xne6 YpaJIbCKHH BbmeKalOT <pOpMOBbIM rnTY1JHbIM MaccoH 0,7 -1,0 Kr.
TecTo rOTOBJIT Ha :>IG:InKOH onape IDIIf Ha :>IG:InKOH 3aKBaCKe C Hcnonb-
30BaHlfeM IIpeCCOBaHHbIX IDIH :>IG:IIJ;KHX np0)K)KeH (Ta6n. 128a).
H8HMeIJOBaHHC CbIPbR,
I1onycl>a6pm<:aToB H nOKa3aTClIeii:
npo ccca
MYKa nlI1CHH'IHM XJle60nCKapHaH, I<r:
o60ilHM
BToporo copTa
)I(If,lJ;KM 3aKBaCKa, 1<1'
.D.po)l()l(H XJlc60nCI<apHbIC npCCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
.D.PO)l()I(lI )I(If,lJ;KHe, J(r
Conb nOBapeHHM ITlIIItCBaJ1, J(r
BOl1a, Kr
Ona pa, J(r
TCMnepaTYpa HI!.1IaJIbHM, C C
npop;On)l(lITeJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHH5I, MHH
KncnOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaJJ onapbl, rpap;.
KnCJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaH TCCTa, rpap;, He 6o.ncc
Ha :lKII;IJ;KOii: onape
Ha :lKII;IJ;KOH
3aKBacKC
onapa T
TCCTO
TCCTO
30
24
63,0 66
30
0,3
50,0 40
2 2
no paC1ICTY no paC1IeTY
BCJJ
28-32 28-32
50-60 120-150
7,5 7,5
30,0
70,0
0,5
2,0
3.0
l' a 6 II II It a 128
0,5
20,0"
Pe cIITypa XJle6a ypaJIbCKOrO
H3lIMeHOBaHHC CbIpbR
Pacxog CbIpbR, Kr
MYKa nIIJCHWlHaJJ XJlC60nCKapHa51 060ilHM, Kr
MYKa nIIJCHlI'IHaJI KJIc60nCKapHaJJ II copTa, Kr
.D.P0)l()KlI XJlc60nCKapHblC npCCCOBaHHblC, Kr
COJIb nOBapCHHaH nllIueBaSI, Kr
naTOKa, Kr
27-30
210-240
8,0-8,5
Pe:>IG:IM IIpHrOTOBnemUI TeCTa H cnoc06bI pa3nenKH, paccTOHKH If BbI-
lIe'lKH JJ.lUl xne6a ypaJIbCKOrO aHaJIOrH'lHbI pe:>IG:IMaM IIpHroToBneHHH xne6a
CTelIHoro.
fOToBoe TeCTO neJIHT Ha neJIHTeJIbHbIX MaruHHax, 1I0CJIe 'lero 3arOTOB-
KH TeCTa B <popMax 10CTy"aIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIponOJI:>IG:IleJIbHOClb paCCIOHKH COClaBJIJIeI 50-60 MHH.
113nenlfJI BbIlIeKalOT B <popMax IIPH TeMlIepaTYpe 210-240°C B Te'leIrne
55-60 MHH.
TIepen BbIeMKoH H3 ne'llf lIoBepXHocTb xne6a OlIpbIcKHBalOT BonoH.
226
8"'
227
BaTOHLJ
EaTOHbI npenCTaBnmOT co6oii nOnOBbIe LUTY'IHbIe H3nemm, BbIpa6aTbI-
BaeMbIe no rOCT 27844-88, H3 M}'KH llIUeHll'lliOii BbICIIIero, I Ii II COpTOB
cnenYJ{)ll.{I1x HaHMeHoBaHHii: /iaTOHbI npoCTbIe, Hape3HbIe, Hape3HbIe MO-
nO'IHbIe, ropOnCKHe, cTyneH'IeCKHe, C H3J{)MOM, nOnMocKoBHbIe, CTono-
BbIe, CTOJIH'IHbI oco6bIe.
EaTOHbI npocTbIe, Hape3HbIe, Hape3HbIe MOnO'IHbIe, C H3J{)MOM, non-
MOCKoBHbIe, CTonOBbIe H CTYneH'IecKHe BbIpa6aTbIBaJ{)T npoJJ:onroBaTOH
$OpMbI C oKpyrneHHbIMH, TynbIMH HJIH OCTpbIMH KOHl(aMH; ropOnCKHe _
npOnonroBaTbIe C 3aocTpeHHbIMH KOHl(aMH; CTOnH'lHbIe, oco6bIe - YMHHeH-
HbIe C TynbIMH HJll:I oKpyrneHHbIMH KOHQaMH.
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pa3MCpbI )J,.IlR li3p,cnHH MacCOH 0,1 Kr: )J,.IlliHa 12-14 CM, IlllipuHa 4-6 CM;
MaccoH 0,2 Kr: )J,.IlHHa 16-18 CM H IlllfpliHa 7-9 CM.
TecTo MO)!(HO rOTOBHTb nlO6bIMH cnoc06aMH, npliMCHRCMbIMH )J,.IlR
npHroToBneHllR H3p,enliH H3 nIlIeHIi'lliOH MYKIi. TIpcp,nO'lTIfTenbHbIMH fiB-
nRIOTCR onapHbIH, Ha 6onbIIIoH rYCTOH onape (Ta6n. 134).
fOToBoe TeCTO p,enRT Ha p,enHTenbHbIX ManIl:IHax. TIocnc oKpyrneHM:R
H 3aKaTKIi 3arOTOBKH TeCTa nocTynalOT Ha paCCTOHK;Y.
PeKoMeHP,yeTcR npe.naapliTCnbHaII paCCTOHKa B Te'leHlie 2-3 MHH.
TIpop,omKM:TenbHOcTb OKOHllaTenbHOH paccTOHKH 30-50 MHH.
TIcpe;:r, nocap,KoH B nc'lb no ;:r,mrne BceH 3arOTOBKH Bpy'lliYIO IDIIi npli
nOMOll.(1i aBTOMaTH'IeCKOrO Ha,rJ;pe3'lHKa p,enalOT Hap,pe3, B pe3ynuaTe
KOTOporo B npouecce Bbme'IKH 06pa3yeTcR CBoHcTBeHHbIH ropop,cKOH
6ynKc rpe6eIlIoK.
Pacxop; CbIpbH H napaMeTpbI npOl.\ccca
110 cnoc06aM H CTIlAHHM
onapHbIH Ha 60nbWOH
rYCTOH onape
onapa I TecTO onapa I TecTO
45-55 55-45 60-65 40-35
1,3 1,3
1,5 ..1-.5
25-30 no pac- 35 -40 no pac-
'ICTY 'ICTY
Bcn BC5I
4,0 4,0
2,5 2,5
29-30 30-31 25-27 29-31
210-240 60-90 240-270 20-40
2,5-3,5 2,5-3,5
3,0-4,0 3,5-4,0
3,0 3.0
4.0 4.0
J];IR nonY'lCHM:R TOHKoro npunop,HHToro rpe6cIIIKa npli PY'lliOH Han-
°
pe3KC HO)\( cncp,ycT p,Cp)!((lTb nop, yrnoM 20-25 K nOBcpXHocrn 3arOTOBKH.
TIpH MCXaHM:3lipoBaHHoH Hap,pc3Kc Hap,pC3'lHK C Op,HliM HO)\(CBbIM ne3-
BHCM p,omKCH 6b1Th pacnOnO)\(CH napannenbHo <PpOHTY nc'lH. Ho)\( Hap,pe3-
"IliKa MCXaHH'lCCKIi CMa'lHBaIDT BonOH, 'ITO YCTpaHReT npIDIy.naHlie K HeMY
TCCTa.
J.bp,cnllSI BbmeKalOT Ha nop,y. TIocap,Ka 3arOTOBOK TeCTa p,on)!(Ha 6bITb
HcnnOTHOH, '1T06bI HC 6bIJIO 6nep,HbIx 60KOBbIX KOpoK.
BbmeKaIDT ropop,cKliC 6ynKIi B YBna)\(HCHHOH nCKapHOH KaMepe.
TIpoP,omKluenbHOCTb Bbme'lKM: p,JIR 6ynoK MaCCOH 0,1 Kr - 11-14 MHH,
)J,.IlR 6ynoK MaCCOH 0,2 Kr - ]9-21 MHH fipH TCMnepaTYpe 200-230°C.
234
235
6YJIKB PYCCKHe Kpyrm.Je
TIepen nOC3,D;KOH B ne'lb Ha paCCTOJIBllillXCfI 3arOTOBKaX nenalOT O)J,HH
HJUI ABa npfiMbIX napannenbHbIX Hanpe3a C nOMOll.(blO Cnel.{lianbHOro YCT-
poHCTBa IDIIi Bpy'lH}'lO. fny6liHa Ha,u,pe3a 3aBliCliT OT KaqeCTBa TeCTa Ii
CTeneHH paccmHKIi.
lbnenlifl BbmeKalOT Ha nony B yBna)I(HeHlIOH neKapHOH KaMepe np"
°
TeMTIepaTYpe 210-240 C. TIponOn>KllTenbHOCTb Bbme'lKli 6ynoK pycCKlix
KpyrnbIx MacCOH 0,2 I(r - 20-22 l'.lIm; MaccoH 0,1 Kr - 12-15 Mlm;
MaCCOH 0,05 Kr - 13-16 MHH.
BynKIi pyccKlie KpyrnbIe BbIpa6aTbIBalOT no focr 27844-88 H3 M}'KH
IIllleHH'lHOH BbIcwero H nepBoro COpTOB.
BynKIi pYCCKlie Kpyrnble npelJ;CTaBnJlIOT co60ii: WTY'IHbIe H3nemm
oKpyrnoH cpOPMbI, HMelOll.(He Ha nOBepXHOCTH OnHH HJ1H naa napannenbHbIx
Ha,D;pe3a.
OplieHTHpoBO'IHbIH nHaMeTp .wIB H3nenHH MaccoH 0,2 Kr - 11-13 CM;
MaccoH 0,1 Kr - 8-10 CM; MaccoH 0,05 Kr - 7-9 CM.
TecTo MO)I(HO rOTOBliTb nlO6bIMH cnoco6aMH, npHMeHfleMbIMH .wIn
npHrOTOBneHHn li3neJIHH li3 IIllleHH'lHOH M}'KIi. TIpennO'ITInenbHbIMH nBnn-
IOTcn onapHbIH, Ha 6onbwOH rycmH onape Ii YCKopeHHbIe cnoco6bI (TaM.
135).
fomBoe TeCTO nenfiT Ha nenHTenbHbIX MallillHax HJ11i BPY'IHyro. TIocne
oKpyrneHHJI 3arOTOBKIi TeCTa nOCTynalOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIponOn>KlUenbHOCTb paCCTOHKIi .wIfi li3nemrn li3 MYKIi I copTa 40-
60 MHH, .wIfi H3nenmI H3 MYKH BbIcwero copTa - 35 -50 MHH.
Kana1JH H CH'IHH'lKH MOCKOBCKHe
Kana'ill Ii CliTHIi'lK1i MOCKOBCKlie BbIpa6aTbIBalOT no faCT 27844-88
li3 nWeHM'lHOH M}'Kli .,BbIcwero copTa MaccoH 0,2 Ii 0,1 Kr C MY'IHIiCTOH
wepoxoBaToH nOBepxHocTblO, CBeTnO-:>KenTOrO IJ;BeTa.
Ta6J11111;a 135
l' a 6 JI II U a 136
Peuemypa H PC)K)fM npHroTOBneHHJI TeCT8 onapHblM cnoco60M I1nR 6ynoK PYCCKHX
MaCCbl H OpHCHTHpOBO'IHbIC pa3MCpbI KaJIa'lcA
HalIMeHOB8HHe ChIphR, P8CXOJJ; CbIphR H n8p8MCTpbI npOll;eCC8 no CT3JJ;HJIM
nonycl>86pHK8TOB BY11KH PYCCKHe KpyrnhIc
H nOK838TcneH
npOll;CCC8 M8CCOH 0,2 Kr MaccoH 0, I Kr MaccoH 0,05 Kr
onapa I TecTO onapa I TecTO onapa I TecTO
Macca .nmma, IUHpHHa, PaCCTORHH MC)I(JJ;Y IUHpHHa
K8naIJ:S, Kr CM CM PY'lKoH H OCHOB' PY'IKH, CM
HOH '1aCThlO, CM
0,2
0,1
14-16
11-13
8-9
6,5-7,5
2-3
2,5-3
3-3,5
3-3,5
MYKa ITlI1CHH'IHaH XJlC 60-
nCKapHM:
BbIClI1ero copTa, Kr 45 -55 55 -45
I COPTa, Kr 45 -55 55 -45 45-55 55 -45
)lP0)l()l(lI XJle60nCKapHbIe 1,0 1,0 1,0
npeccoBaHHbIc, Kr
Com, nOBapeHHM nllllIc- 1,5 1,5 1,5
Ba». Kr
Bop;a,Kr 25-30 no pac- 25 -30 no pac- 25-30 no pac-
1IeTY 'ICTY 'IeTY
Onapa, Kr BC» BCH BC»
Caxap-necoK, Kr 6,0 5,0 5,0
MaprapllH CTonOBbdl C co- 2,5
l1 e p)l(aHlICM )l(lIpa 82%, Kr
TeMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbHM, 28-30 29-31 28-30 29-31 28-30 29-31
°c
npOJJ;On)l(lITCJlbHOC'fb 6po- 180-240 75-90 180-240 75-90 210-240 60-90
)l(CHIUI. MlIH
KnCJlOTHOCTb KOHe1lHa5I ona- 2,5-3.5 3,5 -4,0 3,0-3,5
PbI, rpa,L:\
KncnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM re- 3,0 3,5 3,0
CTa, rpa,i:\, HC 60ncc
236
OplieHTHpoBO'lHbIH p,naMeTp CliTHM'lKa MaCCOH 0,1 Kr - 10-11 CM,
MaccoH 0,2 Kr - 13-15 CM.
TecTo rOTOBflT 6e30napHbIM cnoco6oM li3 nWeHll'JHOH MYKIi. PeKo-
MeHnyeTCJI MYKa C 60nee clinbHoll KneHKoBliHOll (TaM. 137).
TecTo .wIfi MOCKOBCKliX Kanaqell Ii CliTHIi'lKOB nocne 3aMeca npoxo-
WIT ]:(Be CTap,nH 6pO:>KeHliH. B TennOM nOMell.(eHliH npli TeMTIepaTYpe 24-
28°C TeCTO 6pop,nT 120-150 MHH Ii B XOnO)J,HOM (6-1O°C) - 120-150 MHH.
TIe pen BTOpbIM 6pO:>KeHlieM TeCTO BbIHOCHT B xononHoe nOMell.(eHlie.
Bo BpeMfi BToporo 6pO:>KeHliH KYCKH TeCTa HeCKonbKO pa3 npOMHHaIOT.
Bmpoe 6pO:>KeHlie MO:>KeT 6bITb npoli3BeneHo B ne:>Kax.
,UeneHlie Ii oKpyrneHlie li3nenliH npoli3BOnm B PY'lHYIO. <I>OpMOBKY
npOli3BOnJIT c 60nbllillM KOnliQeCTBOM MYKH 1J.JIfi Toro, tff06bI li3nenlifl
nonY'illJ1liCb M}''ilillCTbIMH, C wepoxoBaToH nOBepXHocTblO.
237
l' a G nIl U R 137
Byn01JKH MOn01JHI>le
Pcuenrypa H PC)!(lIM npKl'OTOSnCHHH TeCTa 6e30napHbIM cnoco60M
AJlR KaJIa'leH H ClITHH'IKOB MOCKOBCKHX
HBHMeHOBRHHC CbIpbR,
nonYcl>a6pmcaToB H nOK83aTeneH
npoucc ca
PaCXOn CbIpb>I H napa-
MCTpbI npouccca
no CTanHHM
Eyno'IKl1 MOnO'lHble Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no faCT 27844-88 H3 mUeHI1'lHOH
M)'KH BbIcLUero copTa oKpyrnoH I1nl1 npOnonroBaToM cpOpMbI C 3aocTpeHHbI-
MIl KOHQaMM, C Hanpe3aMM, MaccoM 0,111 0,2 Kr.
OpHeHTHpOBO'lHble pa3MepbI l1,IHI H3nenl1M IIpononroBaToM cpOpMbI:
MaccoM 0,2 Kr: WII1Ha 18-20 CM, urnpHHa 8-10 CM;
MaCCOM 0,1 Kr: WIHHa 10-13 CM, urnpHHa 8-)0 CM.
,lJ,HaMeTp 6ynOtIeK MaccoM 0,2 Kr - 10-12 CM; MaCCOM 0,1 Kr - 8,5-
10,5 CM.
npl1rOTOBneHHe TeCTa np0l13BOnJIT onapHblM HJII1 npyrHMM cnoco6a-
MM, npHMeHfIeMblMM WIH npl1rOTOBneHI1H XJIe6a H3 nLUeHH'lliOH M}'KI1 (Ta6n.
138).
TeCTO
p83nenKa
KYCKH TeCTa WIJI CHTHI1'IKOB CHatIana 1I0nKaTbIBalOT B M}'Ke. npouecc
4>opMoBaHHH K3JIalJa COCTOI1T 113 cnenyromHx oneparurM. OKpyrneHHbIH
KYCOK TeCTa paCKaTbIBaIOT, 6epYT n3JIbHHM KOHeu 11 3arH6alOT ero Ha cepe-
mmy paCKaTaHHoro KYCKa, npl1)1QfMalOT, 3aTeM KYCOK crH6alOT nOlIonaM.
nonY'I11BurnMCJI kYCOK 06eHMM PYKaMM 3aKaTbIBalOT B 6aTOH C YTOnme-
HHeM IIO cepenHHe H C YTOHlJeHHbIMH KOH1.1aMM. .!],IUI 06pa30BaHI1H PY'IK11
K3JIalJa KOH1.1bI COeWIHJIIOT.
CCPOpMOBaHHble Kan:a1JH HJIH CI1THH'IKH YKnanbIBalOT Ha nOCbIlIaH-
HbIe MyKOM nOCKI1. Bo H36e>KaIme 3aBeTpl1BaHI1H 11 WIJI nYlJIlIeM paCCTOMKI1
H3nenl1H HaKpbIBalOT TKaHblO. npOnOn)lQfTenbHOCTb paCCTOMKI1 40-90 MMH
npH TeMlIepaTYpe 25-30 D C.
nepen nocanKoM B lIe'll> Y paccToHBurnxcH K3JIa1leH Ha yronLUeHHoM
tIaCTH nenalOT rny60KI1H nOnpe3. nOnpe3aHHYIO 'laCTb (ry6y) OTBOpa'lli-
BalOT B CTOpoHY nY>KKH H rycTo nOCbIlIalOT 11 3aTI1palOT MyKOH, 3aTeM LUeT-
KOM CMeTalOT M}'KY, nocne tIero "ry6y" B03BpamalOT B I1CXOnHoe nono-
>KeHHe. nepen YKnanKoM Ha non ne'lli K3JIa'll! cnerKa paCTHrl1BalOT pYKaMM.
BbIlIe'IKa 113nenHM np0I13Bop,HTCH B CHJIbHO YBna>KHeHHOH lIeKapHoH
KaMepe IIpl1 TeMnepaTYpe 250-290D. npOnOn)lQfTenbHOcTb BbIlIe'IKl1 Ka.
nalJeM H CHTHH'lKOB MaccoM 0,1 Kr 10-12 MMH; MaccoM 0,2 Kr - 16-18 MMH.
MYKa nlI1CHlI'lHM XJlC60nCKapHa51 BbIClI1erO copTa, Kr
.lIpO)l()!(lI XJlc60nCKapHbIC npeCCOBaHHbIe, Kr
Conb nOBapCHHM nlllUeBM, Kr
Bona, Kr
TCMncpaTYpa HR'IaJIbHM, 0 C
np0/J:on)l(llTeJlbHOCTb ncpBoro GpO)l(eHII5I TeCTa, MIIH
npOAOJl)!(llTCJlbHOCTb BToporo GpO)l(eHlIH TeCTa, MIIH
TCMncpaTypa nOMelUCHlIH p;JJH nepBoro 6pO)l(eHlI5I TCCTa, 0 C
TCMncpaTYpa nOMClUeHHH AJlH BToporo GpO)l(eHHH TeCTa, 0 C
KHcnOTHOCTb KOHC'lHM, I'p3JI., He 60_ncc
238
88-92
1.0
1,5
12-8
no pac'IcTY
26-29
120-150
120-150
24-28
6-10
2,5
l' a 6 n II U a 138
Peucnrypa H PC)!(lIM npmOTOBneHHR TecTa onapHblM cnoco60M I1J1H 6yno'leK MonO'IHbIX
Pacxon CbIpbR H napa-
MeTpbI npouccca
no CTa,II.HJlM
HBHMeHOBaHHC CbIpbR,
nonycl>a6pmcaToB H nOK83aTeneH
npoueCCB
onBpB TeCTO
55 -45 45 -55
1,5 0,5
1,0
no paC'ICTY
35,0 22,0
BCH
29-30 30-31
210-240 40-90
3,0-3,5
3,0
MYKa nlI1eHlI'IHaH XJlC60nCKapHM BbIClI1erO copTa, Kr
.Ilpo)l()!(lI XJlc60nCKapHbIe npCCCOBaHHble, Kr
Conb nOBapeHHM nllIIlCBaH, Kr
BOAa, Kr
MonOKO ueJlbHOC, KrO<
Ona pa, Kr
TCMnepaTypa Ha'laJIbHM, 0 C
npOAOJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6P0)l(CHlIH, MIIH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaH onapbl. rpap;
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaH TeCTa, I'p3JI., HC Gonce
.. )lonYCKaeTC5I 3aMCHa MOJlOKa ucnbHoro Ha Ka3ClIHaT B KOJlll'lCCTBC 3,0 Kr C p;o-
GaBJIcHlICM 2,0 Kr Maprapillia.
B rOTOBYIO onapy IIpH lIepeMeurnBaHHH BHOCHT Cblpbe, npenYCMOT-
peHHoe peuemypoH. Ka3eHHaT BHOCHT npl1 3aMece TeCTa nH60 B CYXOM
Bl1,!J;e B CMeCH C MYKOM, nH60 B Bl1ne 3MynbCHI1 113 Bcero KOnH'leCTBa Ka-
3el1HaTa, Maprapl1Ha 11 10-15 n BOnbl IIpH TeMlIepaTYpe, 06eClIe'll!BalOLUeii
TeMlIepaTYPY TeCTa. 3aMec IIpOH3BOWIT no 1I0nYtIeHI1H OnHOpOnHOH MaCCbl.
TeCTo nenHT nenl1TenbHblMM MaurnHaMM H OKpyrnHIOT.
nocne neneHHH H oKpyrneHHH WIH nonY'leHI1H 113nenl1M npononroBa-
TOM cpOpMbll1cIIonb3YlOT 3aKaTO'lHble ManIHHbl.
CcpopMOBaHHbie TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH HanpaBnHIOT Ha paCCTOMKY. npo-
nOn)lQfTenbHOcTb paccTOHKH 35-55 MMH.
nepen 1I0canKOM B ne'll> Ha 1I0BepXHocTH 3arOTOBOK nenalOT Hanpe3bI.
239
Xne6 paMeOCKIDI
TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH lJ)UI $OpMOBOrO XJIe6a YKnaJJ;bmaIOT B Kpyrnble
$OpMbI,H HanpaBnHIOT B paCCTOHHble IlIKa$bI.
TecToBble 3arOTOBKH lJ)UI nOJJ;OBoro XJIe6a YKJIaJJ;bIBaIOT Ha $aHepHble
nHCTbl, nrran<H HnH B KapMaHbl nIOneK paCCTOHHbIX IlIKa$OB.
TIpoJJ;omlGlTenbHOCTb paCCTOHKH: 11)HI $opMOBoro XJIe6a 45-50 MHH,
11)JJI nOJJ;OBoro XJIe6a 40-45 MHH. /
TIepeJJ; nocanKoH B ne'Ib TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH HaKanbmaIOT.
BbITIe'lKY H3JJ;enHH npoH3BonHT B yBna)I(HeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe npH
TeMIlepaTYpe 205-225°C. TIpoJJ;omlGlTenbHOCTb Bbme'lKH XJIe6a paMeHcKo-
ro $OpMoBoro 37-43 MHH, nOJJ;OBoro - 22-28 MHH.
TIepeJJ; BbleMKOH 1'13 ne'lH nOBepXHOCTh XJIe6a onpblCKHBaIOT BOJJ;OH.
Bbme'lKY npoH3BOJJ;HT B ne'IaX pa.3rrH'lHblX KOHCTpyKIUiH C yBna)I(HeH-
HOH neKapHOH KaMepoH npH TeMnepaType 190-210°C. TIpoJJ;on)l(}fTenb-
HOCTb Bbrne'lKH H3JJ;enHH MaccoH 0,1 Kr - 14-16 MHH; MaccoH 0,2 Kr -
18-20 MHH.
Xne6 paMeHcKHH Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT 1'13 nllIeHH'lHOH M)'KH BblCllIero COp-
Ta no OCT 18-324-78, $OpMOBblM MaccoH 0,5 Kr 1'1 nOJJ;OBbIM MaccoH
0,3-0,5 Kr.
cI>OpMOBoH XJIe6 BbmeKaIOT B Kpyrnblx $opMax, nOJJ;oBbrn HMeeT oKpyr-
nyIO HnH npoJJ;onroBaTO-OBaJIbHYIO $opM)'.
TecTo rOTOBHT onapHbIM cnoc060M HnH Ha )l(HJJ;KHX onapax C Hcnonb-
30BaHHeM npeccoBaHHblx JJ;p0)l{)I{eH (Ta6rr. 139) .
BynOQKH C M8KOM
l' a 6 JI II Ll a 139
EynO'IKH C MaKOM Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT no fOCT 27844-88 1'13 nllIeHH'lHOH
MYKH I copTa.
Macca 6yno'leK C MaKOM 0,1 Kr, $opMa KBaJJ;paTHaH, C TpeMH HnH 'Ie-
TblpbMH npHTHCKaMH; nOBepXHOCTb nOCbmaHa MaKOM.
TecTo rOTOBHT onapHblM cnoco60M, Ha 6onbllIoH rycToH onape HnH
YCKOpeHHbIM cnoco60M.
TIapaMeTpbI no CTaJJ;J.lHM TeXHOnOrH'IeCKOrO npouecca npHBeJJ;eHbl B
Ta6rr. 140.
PCl{emypa H peJKHM npHrOTOBnCHHJI TeCTa J1JIH XJlc6a paMcHcKoro
PBCXOn CbIpbJI H nBpBMeTphl npOneccB
HlUJMeHOBBHHe ChIpbH, no cnoc06BM H CTIIJIIDlM
nony4>a6pHKBToB
H nOK83BTeneH npOneccB onapHhIH HB >K1f,p;KHX onspsx
onsps I TeCTO onsps I TeCTO
MYKa 1I1I1eHlI'IHa51 XJlc60llcKapHa51 BbIClI1CrO 45 -55 55 -45 25-35 75-65
copTa, Kr
llpO)l()I(lI XJlc60llCKapHbIc npeCCOBaIlHbIC, Kr 2,0 2,0
COJIb nOBspeHHa51 nllIUCBa5l, Kr 1,5 I,S
BOl1 a ,Kr 30-32 110 pac- 62-72 110 pac-
'IeTY 'leTY
Onspa, Kr BC5I BC51
Csxsp-nccoK, Kr 2,0 2,0
MaprapHH CTOJlOBblil C cOI1Cp)l(aIllICM )l(lIpS 2,0 2,0
82%, Kr
TCMncpsTypa Ha1laJIbHa5l, a C 27 -29 29-31 28-30 28-30
npol10Jl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6p0)l(eHlI5I. Mml 210-240 80-90 210-260 30-45
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa51 onapbI, rpaJ1 2,5-3,5 3,5-4,0
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa51 TCCTa, rpM, He 60ncc 3.0 3.0
l' a 6 n H Ll a 140
PCl{enTypa n peJKHM npnrOTOBJleHHH TCCTa pa3HbIMH cnoco6aMn
)1M 6yno'icK C MaKOM
HaHMCHOBaHUe CbIphH.
nonY4>a6pHKsTOB
H nOKa3aTeneH nponecca
Pacxon CbIpbJl H nspBMeTPbI npon eccs
no cnoc068M H CTII,/UUlM
onapHhIH
YCKOpeHHbIH
onapa
TecTO
pa3-
neJIKa
PS3-
neJ1KS
240
MYKa 1I1I1eHlI'IHa51 XJle601lCKapHa51 45 -55 55 -45 100
ncpBoro cOpTa, Kr
llp0)l()I(lI XJle60neKapHble npCCCOBaH- 1,5 2,5
'HbIC, I<r
COJIb nOBapCHHa51 nmueBa5l, Kr 1,5 1,5
BOlla. Kr 29-30 no pac- no pac-
1ICTY 1IeTY
Qnapa. Kr BC»
Caxap-necoK, Kr 6,0 6,0
MaprapllH CTOJlOBbIfi C cOnep)l(aHlIeM 3,0 3,0
)l(lIpa 82%. Kr
MOJlo'IHa51 CbIBopoTKa HaTypaJIbHa5l, 10-15
Kr
MaK, Kr 0,7 0,7
TCMnepaTypa Ha'laJlbHa5I, a C 29-30 28-30 28-32
241
fOTOBoe TeCTO JJ;enHT Ha JJ;enHTenbHbIX MaurnHax. TIpH Bblpa60TKe Kpyr.
nbIX XJIe60B ($OpMOBbIX HJIH nonOBbIX) $opMOBKa npoH3BOJJ;J.lTCH Ha
OP;HOM HnH P;ByX nocnenOBaTenbHO nOCTaBJIeHHblX oKpyrJIHTenHX. .J])U1
nonY'leHHH H3p;eJIHH npop;onroB8TO-OBaJIbHOH $OpMbl npoH3BOJJ;J.lTCH P;O'
nonHHTenbHaH $opMOBKa TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK B 3aKaT9'1HOH MaurnHe.
np0l10n)l(eHlIC Ta6J1. 140
Ta6J1Hua 141
HaHMeHOBaHHe ChIphH,
nonY4>a6pm<:aToB
H nOKa3aTeneH npouccca
PaCXOA CbIpbH H napaMeTpbI npouecca
no cnoc06aM H CTIIAHHM
PcUcnTypa n pe)!(llM npHrOTOBJlCHWI TeCTa Ha 6oJlb1I10H rYCTOH ouapc
II YCKOPCHHbIMII cnoco6aMII Mil GYJlO'lCK nCTCKHX
onapHblH
YCKopeHHbIH
onapa
TeCTO
pll3-
AMRa
HaHMeHOBaHHe ChIPhH.
nony4>a6pm<:aTOB
H nOKlI3aTeneH npouccca
pll3-
AenKa
nponOn)!(llTCnbIIOCTb 6pOJKCHlIH, MHH 240-270 60-90
KllcnoTHOCTb KOHe'IHM onapbI, rpaJJ. 3,5 -4,0
KHcnoTHoCTb KOHe'IHa51 TeCTa, 1'p8A, 3,5
HC 60nce
60-90
3,5
MYKa nlI1eHWlHaH XJle60ncKapHM
ncpBoro cOpTa, Kr
J].PO)l()I(lI XJlC60ITeKapHblc npcccoBaJ{-
Hble, Kr
TecTo nemlT Ha nenHTenbHbiX MarIIHHaX HnH BPYtIHylO.
TIocne oKpyrneHHH c<l>opMoBaHHbie 3aroToBKH TeCTa YKnanbIBaIOT
Ha paCCTOHHHH He 60nee 10 MM npyr OT npyra Ha nHCTbl H HanpaBnHloT
Ha paccTOHKY.
TIponOn)l(}UenbHOcTb paccToHKH 50-60 MHH.
ITepen nocaro<oH B ne'lb nOBepxHocTb 6ynOlJeK onpblcKHBalOT BOnOH H
nOCbmaIOT MaKOM.
BbmelJKY npOIBBOnHT B ne'IaX pa3nIi'lHbIX KOHCTPYKUHH C YBna)!(HeH-
HOH neKapHoH KaMepoH npH TeMllepaTYpe 1 60-200° C B TelJeHHe 21-23 MIIH.
COJIb nOBapeHHa51 nllIIIeBa5l, Kr
Bona, Kr
Onapa, Kr
KMK3, Kr
Caxap-neCOK, Kr
MaprapllII CTOJlOBbIil C cOl1cp)l(aHlICM
)l(lIpa 82%, Kr
TCMnepaTypa Ha1laJIblla5l, 0 C
nponOJl)l(l!TCJlbHOCTb 6PO)l(CHH5I, MHH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa51 onapbl, I'pa.u
KlIcnoTHoCTb KOHC'lHa51 TeCTa, l'p8A,
HC 60Jlcc
BynOqKH neTCKHe
EynOlJKH neTCKHe BbIpa6aTbIBalOT H3 nllIeHH'lHOH M)'KH nepBOrO copTa
no fOCT 27844-88.
Pacxog CbIphH H napaMCTpbI npouccca
no cnocoGaM H CTIIAHHM
Ha 60JIbWOH rYCTOH onape YCKOPCHHbIH
Ha KMK3
onapa I TeCTO I OTAC1IKa TeCTo I OTl1enKa
63-68 35-30 2,0 94-93 2,0
3,0 3,0
1,0 1,0
33-39 no pac'I. no pac'I.
BCH
10-12,5
15,0 5,0 15,0 5,0
2,5 2,5
25-27 29-31 29-32
240-270 40-50 60-90
3,5 -4,0
3,5 3,5
TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH HanpaBnHIOT Ha paCCToHKY. TIponOmlGfTenbHOCTb
paccToHKH 40-50 MHH.
BbmelJKY npon3BOnHT B neqax pa3nH'lHbiX KOHCTPYKLlHH C yBna:>KHeH-
HOH neKapHoii KaMepoH npH TeMnepaTYpe 190-230° C B TelJeHHe 20-22 MHH.
Eyno'IKH neTCKHe npenCTaBnHIOT C060H llITY'lHbIe H3nenHH MaCCOH
0,1 H 0,05 Kr, KBanpaTHoH <l>opMbI C 3-4 npHTHCKaMH OT conpHKocHoBe-
HIDI 6ynOlJeK BO BpeMH Bbme'IKH Ha nHCTax. BepXHHH KopKa OTnenaHa
KpolliKOH.
TecTo roTOBHT onapHbIM, Ha 60nbllIoH rycToH onape, 6e30napHbIM
H YCKOpeHHblMH cnoc06aMH (Ta6n. 14I).
Ll.eneHHe H nOnKan<y TeCTa npoH3BOnHT Ha nenHTenbHo-oKpyrnHTenb-
HbIX MallIHHax 1J)IH MenKOllITY'IHbiX H3nenHH.
C<l>opMoBaHHbIe 3arOTOBKH onpbICKHBalOT BonOH H nOCbmalOT KpollIKOH,
nocne lJero 3arOTOBKH YKna;:r.bIBaIOT TaK, lJT06b1 B rOTOBbiX H3nenHHX 6bmH
npHTHCKH C 3-4 CTOpoH.
.II.rrH npHroToBneHHH KpOlliKH B MaprapHH, cnerKa nonOrpeTbIH no
cMeTaH006pa3HOrO COCTOHHHH, BHOCHT caxap H M)'KY. CMecb TILlaTenbHO
nepeMelllHBalOT no nonYlJeHHH omropomroii: MaCCbl H npoTHpalOT Ha CHTe.
Byno'lKa "OKTJI6peHOK"
EynOlJKH "OKTH6peHOK" I!bIpa6aTbIBaIOT no fOCT 27844-88 H3 nllIe-
HH"ROH M)'KH I copTa C n06aBneHHeM cyxoro 06e3:>KHpeHHoro MonOKa,
MaccoH 0,08 Kr.
Eyno'IKH HMelOT oKpyrnylO <l>opM)', opHeHrnpoBO'IHbIH 1J;HaMeTp 8-9 CM.
TecTO roTOBHT Ha 6onbllIOH rycToH onape (TaM. 142) WIH YCKOpeH-
HbiM cnoco60M.
B CBH3H C TeM, 'ITO peuenTypoH npenycMoTpeHo 6onbllIoe KOnHlJeCTBO
cyxoro 06e3:>KHpeHHoro MonOKa, TeXHonorHH npHrOTOBneHHH TeCTa no
3TOMY cnoc06y HeCKonbKO OTnHlJaeTCH OT 06ILlenpHHHTOH: npeCCOBaHHbIe
npo)!(:>KH BHOCHT lJaCTH'lHO B onapy (1 %), a OCTanbHoe KOnHlJeCTBO (2%)
BHOCHT B TeCTO.
242
243
npOnOml<HTenbHOCTb 3aMeca TeCTa B Mallnmax nepHOjJ;H'IeCKOrO neH-
CTBHJI THna A2-XTE 15-25 MllH. npH HenpepbIBHoM 3aMece TeCTa npH-
MeHJleTCJI nononHHTenbHaH MeXaHH'IeCKIUI 06pa60TKa. TecTo cpa3Y no-
cne 3aMeca nHnKoe Ha OLIIynb. B npollecce 6po>KeHHH, BcnenCTBHe Ha6y-
XaHHJI 6enKoB MonOKa, TeCTO CTaHOBHTCH CYXHM Ha oIIlynb, :maCTH'lHbIM.
nOBbIIlleHHaR Ha'lanbHaJi H KOHe'IHaJi KHcnOTHOCTb TeCTa 06ycnoBne-
HbI nOBblIlleHHOH KHCnOTHOCTbIO onapbl H 6Y$epHOCTbIO cyxoro MonOKa.
,l],eneHHe TeCTa Ha KYCKH npOH3BOnJiT nenHTenbHblMll MalillmaMll MH
BPY'IHyro.
TecToBble 3arOTOBKH oKpyrnJlIOT H YKnaJJ;blBalOT Ha mlCTbI HnH nOC-
KH, nOKpblThIe lUIaTKaMll.
nponOn>KIUenbHOCTb paccToHKH 50-70 MHH.
Bbme'IKY n H3BOnJiT B yBna>KHeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe npH TeMne-
paTYpe 180-190 C B Te'leHHe 14-16 MllH.
Ja(lJIIIQa 143
Pellemypa H pellCHM npHl"OTOBJJeHRJI TeCTa fta 6onz.woA rycTOA onape
AJIR 6ynO'lKH .,KOJI OK"
HBllMeHOBlUlHe CbIpl>R,
Dony4ml5pHKaToB
H DOKa3aTeJIeH
lip Ollecca
Paexop; CbIpbJI H nap8MeTpbI
1Ip01l8CCa no CT8p;BJIM
onapa
pas-
p;enKa
MYKa nlI1CHlI'IHM XJlC60nCKapHM I COpTa, Kr
J1PO)l()!(lI XJlC60nCKapHblc npeccOBaIlHbIC, 1(1'
Conb nOBapeHHM nllIIIeBaH. Kr
B O l1a,Kr
70,0
1,0
28,0
2,0
1,5
no pac-
1ICTY
BCR
3,0
20,0
2,0
29-30
50-60
2.0
41-45
l' a 6 nIl u a 142
Onapa, Kr
Caxap-nccoK. Kr
MonoKo cyxoc 06C3)1(lIpeHHOC, Kr
Macno nOI1COnHC'IHOC, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbIIa5l, C C
nPOl10n)!(llTCJlbIIOCTb 6pOJKCHWI, MHH
KHCJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa51 onapbl, rpaA
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM TCCTa, I'p He Gonce
28-30
240-270
3,5 -4,5
Pellcmypa H PC)I(l!M npHrOTOBJlCHHR TCCTa Ha 6onbwoH ryeToH onapc
AJIH 6YJlO'lKH "OKTR6peHOK"
5,5
2,0
B CBJl3H C TeM, '!TO pel\enTypOH npenYCMOTpeHO 60nbIllOe KOnH'IeCT-
BO cyxoro 06e3>KHpeHHOro MonOKa, TeXHOnOrHJI npuroToBneHHJI TeCTa no
:noMY cnoc06y HeCKonbKO OTnH'IaeTCJI OT 06IIlenpHHHToH: npeCCOBaHHbIe
npo>K>KH BHOCJlT 'IaCTH'lHO B onapy (1%), a OCT3)1bHoe KOnH'IeCTBO (2%)
BHOCJlT B TeCTO; KHcnOTHOCTb onapbl K KOHl\)' 6pO>KeHHJI non>KHa 6bITb
HeCKonbKO BbIllie 06bI'lHOH, npHMepHo Ha 0,5-1 rpan; nponOn>KHTenb-
HOCTb 3aMeca TeCTa B Mannmax nepHOjJ;H'lCCI<Oro neHCTBHJI nma A2-XTE
18-20 MllH, npH HenpepbIBHoM 3aMece npHMeHJlIOT nononHHTenbHyIO Me-
XaHH'leCKYIO 06pa60TKY. Bce :no o6ecne'l}lBaeT ynY'lIlleHHe CTPYI<TypHO-
MeXaHH'IeCKHX CBOHCTB TeCTa, yBenH'IeHHe ynenbHoro 06wMa H3nenHii
H 60nee pa3BHTYlO nopHCToCTb MHKHIlla.
TeCTo Cpa3Y >Ke nocne 3aMeca 6bIBaeT JIHllKHM Ha oIIlynb.
B npollecce 6po>KeHHJI, BCnenCTBHe Ha6YX3.HHJI 6enKoB MOnOl<a, TeCTO
CTaHOBHTCJI CYXHM Ha OIIlynb, 3naCTH'lHbIM.
BbICOKaJl Ha'lanbHaJi KHcnOTHOCTh TeCTa 06ycnoBneHa HeCKOnbl<O nOBbI-
IlleHHoH KHcnOTHOCTblO onapbI H BblCOKOH 6y$epHOH cnoc06HoCTblO BHOCH-
Moro MOnOl<a, '!TO npoHBnHeTCH YBenH'IeHHeM THTpyeMoH KHCnOTHOCTH
TeCTa. B npol\ecce 6po>KeHHH TeCTa I<HCnOTHOCTb ero no'ITH He yBenH!IH-
BaeTCJI H B roTOBbIX H3nenHHX He npeBblIllaeT HOpMbI, YCTaHOBneHHOH CTaH-
napTOM.
fOToBoe TeCTO nenHT Ha nenHTenbHbIX MallUmax.
TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH oKpyrnJlIOT Ha oKpyrnHTenbHbIX Mallnmax H
YKnaAbIBalOT Ha nlOnbKH paCCTOHHblX YCTPOHCTB HnH Ha nHCTbI.
npOAomKHTenbHOCTb paCCTOHKH C$opMOBaHHbIX TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT YCJlOBHH 35-60 MllH.
Bbme'IKY H3AenHH n H3BoAHT B YBna>KHeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe
npH TeMnepaType 185-195 C B TeqeHHe 16-18 MilH.
H8HMeHOBaH}!e CbIpbJl.
nonY4>a6pm<:aTOB
H nOKa3aTeJIeH
npOllCCCB
PBCXOP; ChIpbJl H napaMeTpbI
npOllecca no CT8)J;lIJ1M
onapa
P83-
)J;eJIKa
MYKa nlI1eHlI'IHa51 XJlc60neKapHM I eopTa, Kr
J1POJK)I(lI XJlc60neKapHblc npCCCOB8HHbIC, Kr
COJIb nOBapeHHa51 nHIIIeBa5l. Kr
BOlla, Kr
70,0
1,0
28,0
2,0
1,5
no pac-
1ICTY
BeH
12,0
3,0
20,0
29-30
50-60
41-45
Onapa, Kr
Caxap-necoK, Kr
Macno nOJJ,COJlHC'IHOC, Kr
MOJlOKO eyxoc 06e3JKHpCHHOC, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha'l3lIbHaH, C C
npOJJ,on)l(l!TCJlbHOCTb 6pOJKCHlI5I, MlIH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaR OllapM, rpaJJ,
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa51 TCCTa, I'paA, HC 60Jlee
28-30
180-240
3,5 -4,5
5,5
Byno1JKa "l<on0601<"
Eyno'IKH "I<On060K" BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT no fOCT 27844-88 H3 nIlleHH'I-
HOH MYKH I copTa C n06aBneHHeM cyxoro 06e3>KHpeHHOrO MOnOl<a.
Eyno'IKH npenCTaBnHIOT C060H H31J,enHJI oKpyrnoH $OpMbI, MaCCOH
0,1 H 0,05 Kr.
OpHeHTHpoBO'IHbIH jJ;HaMeTp 6yno'leK MaccoH 0,1 Kr - 10-11 CM,
MaccoH 0,05 Kr -7- 8 CM.
TecTo rOTOBHT Ha 6onbIllOH rYCTOH onape (Ta6n. 143).
244
245
PO>KKH 8.JITaHCKHe
qeHJ.!:e 10-11 MHH, nocne qero H3)].emUI 4>OpM)'IOT Ha ManrnHe H 3aTeM Ha-
npaBn.l!lOT Ha OKOHqaTenbHYIO paccToHKY.
npOnomKHTenbHocTb OKOH'IaTenbHOH paccTOHKH 30-40 MHH.
Bbme'lKY H3p;enHH npoH3BOn.l!T B YBna)I(HeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe
B Te'leHHe 20-22 MHH npH TeMnepaTYpe 200-260°C.
PO)!(l(H amaHCKHe BbIpa6aTbIBalOT no .fOCT 27844-88 H3 mneHH'lHOH
M)'KH BbICllIero HI COpTOB.
PmKKH aJ1TaHcKHe npenCTaBn.l!lOT co60H H3nemul npononrOBaTOH 4>op-
MbI B BHge Tpy60'lKH C TynbIMH KOHllaMH, MaccoH 0,1; 0,1 5 H 0,2 Kr. OpH-
eHTHpOBO'IHbIe pa3MepbI P0)!(l(OB aJ1TaHCKHx MaccoH 0,2 Kr: MIUHa 24-
26 CM, nrnpHHa 4-6 CM.
TecTo rOTOB.I!T 6e30napHbIM H YCKopeHHbIM cnoc06aMH (Ta6n. 144).
H3)].emul XJIe606YJ10'lHbIe MeJ1Konrryqm.Ie
Ta 6n II Lla 144
113nenHH xne606YJ10'IHbIe MeJ1KOIIIT}"lHbIe BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT no fOCT
24298-80 H fOCT 27844-88 H3 IIllIeHH'IHOH MYKH BbICllIero HJ1H nepBoro
COpTOB, OKpyrJ10H HIDI OB8.JIbHOH 4>OpMbI Ha KOMIUIeKcHO-MeXaHlI3HpoBaH-
HbIX HIDI MexaHH3HpOBaHHbIX J1liHIDIX CJ1e1J.YlOIWix HaHMeHoBaHuH H MaCChI:
6ynO'lKH apOMaTHbIe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,05 Kr;
6ynO'lKH rOp'IH'IHbIe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0,05 Kr;
6ynO'lKH nHenpoBcKHe ................. 0,06 Kr;
6ynO'lKH KYHlleBcKHe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,05 H 0,06 Kr;
6ynO'lKH CTOnH'IHbIe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 0,05 H 0,1 Kr;
6ynO'lKH C TMHHOM . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . .. 0,05 Kr.
PCL\cnTYpa H pe)I(HM npllrOTOBJleHHH TeCTa pa3HbIMH cnoc06aMH
J1JIH p01KKOB aJlTaHCKHx
PacxojJ; CbIphfl H napaMeTphI npOLlccca
HaHMeHOBaHHe CbIpbJl, nOJIY4>a6pHKaToB no cnoc06aM H CT M
H nOK83aTeJIeH npOLlecca
6C3onap- YCKopeHHhIH
RbIH
Ha KMK3 Ha MOJIOq-
HOH ChIBO-
pOTKe
TecTO TeCTO TeCTO
EynO'lKH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT 6e3 ynaKOBKH H B ynaKoBKe.
nOBepXHocTb 6ynO'leK MO)l(eT 6bITb C OTTHCKOM WIH 6e3 OTTHCKa OT
IlITaMna.
PellenTypa MenKOIIITY'IHbIX xne606yno'IHbIX H3nenHH nplIBeneHa B
TaM. 145.
MYKa nlI1eHM'IHa51 xncGoneKapHa51 BblClliero HJJlI 100,0 96-95 100,0
I COpTOB, Kr
)J:PO)l()I(H xne60lIeKapHble npCCCOBaIlHbiC, Kr 3,0 3,0 3,0
COJIb nOBapcHHajJ 1I1IxueBaH, Kr 1,5 1,5 1,5
B O l1 a ,Kr 110 pac1IcTY no pac1IeTY no pac1IeTY
Caxap-necoK, Kr 2,5 2,5 2,5
MaprapllH CTonOBblil C COAep)l(aHMCM )l(Hpa 2,0 2,0 2,0
82%, Kr
KMK3, Kr 10-12,5
MOJlO'IHaH CbIBopoTKa HaTypaJIbHa5l, Kr 10-15
TeMlIepaTypa Ha1laJIbHaH, 0 C 27-29 31-33 31-33
npOAOJl)l(lITCJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHlIjJ, MlIH 150-180 40-60 40-60
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHC'lHa51 TCCTa, rpa,n, HC 60ncc 3,5 3,5 3,5
npH npHrOTOBneHHH TeCTa 6e30napHbIM 11 YCKOpeHHbIM cnoc06aMll
Bee CbIpbe 3aMenrnBalOT C npHMeHeHHeM YCWIeHHOH llnll IDITeHCIlBHOH Me-
XaHH'leCKOH 06pa60TKH. TIpHMepHaH nponoml<HTenbHOCTb 3aMeca 2-4 MHH
Ha ManrnHax HHTeHCllBHoro )].eHcTBHH WIH 20-24 MHH Ha TllXOXOp;HbIX Ma-
IllliHax nepllo)J,H'leCKOrO )].eHcTBHH.
.II.rrH YCKopeHllH npollecca c03peBaHHH H pa3pbIxneHHH TeCTa peKOMeH-
gyeTcH BHOCllTb aKTHBHpOBaHHbIe npeCCOBaHHbIe npo)l()!(JoI HnH nml(eBble
OpraHH'leCKHe KllCnOTbI (nllMOHHYIO, MOnO'IHYIO) B KOnll'leCTBaX, o6ecne-
'lllBaIOIllllX KHcnOTHOCTb rOTOBoro TeCTa.
TecTo )].enHT Ha nenllTenbHblx ManrnHax. nocne oKpyrneHllH TeCTOBbIe
3arOTOBKH lleneco06pa3HO nO)J.BepraTb npenBapHTenbHoH paccToHKe B Te-
TecTo )J)IH MenKoIlITY'IHbIX H3nenHH rOTOB.I!T 6e30napHbIM HJ1H YCKO-
peHHbIM cnoc060M (TaM. 146).
PaccTOHKa TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK npollcxo}:U1:T B 2-x lllKa4>ax - npe)].-
BapllTenbHoH II OKOH'laTenbHoH paccToHKH. npo)].oml<HTenbHOcTb npeABa-
pHTenbHoH paccToHKH 8-12 MHH npH TeMnepaType 34-38°C, OKOHqaTenb-
HOH paccToHKH - 20-30 MHH npH TeMnepaTYpe 36-40°C H OTHOCHTenb-
HOH Bna>KHOCTll 60-80%. nocne npeJJ:BapHTenbHoH paccTOHKH Ha TeCTO-
BbIX 3arOTOBKax MO)l(eT 6bITJ> HaHeceH OTTllCK IlITaMnOM.
113p;enllH BhIneKalOT Ha nony B yBna)I(HeHHOH neKapHOH KaMepe ne-
'leH TYHHenbHoro Tllna HJ1H J11060H )].pyroH MapKH npH TeMnepaTYpe 200-
260°C B TeqeHHe 13-19 MHH.
rOTOBbIe 6YJ10'lKH MaccoH 0,1 Kr )'KJ1aJJ:bIBaIOT B J10TKH pHnaMH no
60 IIITyK, MaccoH 0,05 Kr H 0,06 Kr HaCbIllblO He 60nee 100 IIIT.
Oxna>K,IJ;eHHbIe 6YJ10'lKH MorYT 6bITb ynaKoBaHbI no 2, 3 WIH 4 IIIT.
B nneHKY nonH3TWIeHOBYlO, n0J1H3THJIeHOBYIO TepMoycagO'IHYIO WIH 6y-
Mary C n0J1ll3THneHOBbIM nOKpbITHeM Ha pa3J1H'IHbIX ynaKOBO'IHbIX aBTO-
MaTax C nocne)],YIOIIleH YKJ1a,IJ,KOH HX B J10TKH.
247
246
l' a 6 n II n a 145
np0l10n)l(eHlIC Ta6n. 146
PCncnTypa MenKowTf'IIIbIX XJlt;rio6yno'lHbIX H3AeJIHH
BYJIO'IKH
spo- rop- AHen- KYHneBCKHe CTO- C
HBHMeHOBlIHRe ChIpblI MaT- 'lHq- PQB- J1H'I- TMH-
HbIe Hble CKHe H3 mne- H3 nwe- HhIe HOM
IIH'IHoH HH'lHOH
MYKH I C MYKH B/C
HSHMeHOBaHHe CbIpbJI,
nOJIY4>s6pHKaToB H
nOKa3aTeneH nponecca
6e3-
onapHbIH
COJib nOBapCHHa5I nmueBa5I, Kr
BOlla, Kr
Caxap-nccoK, Kr
MaprapHH CTOJlOBbltI C cOl1ep)l(aHHCM )l(lIpa 82%, Kr
KMK3, Kr*
npOAOJl)!(llTeJ1b!IOCTb 3aMcca, MlIH
TCMUcpaTypa Ha1laJIbHa5I, 0 C
np0l101DKllTeJlbIIOCTb 6p0)l(eHH5I, MHH
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa51 TeCTa, rpa,o" HC 60ncc
MyKa nlI1CHH'IHM xne-
60neKapHaII, Kr:
I COpTa 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
BblClI1CrO copTa 100,0 100,0 100,0
.IlpO)l()Kli xnc60ncKap- 4,0 4,0 4,0 4,0 4.0 5.0 4,0
HbIe npCCCOB3HHbIC, Kr
COJib nOBapeHHaH nllIue- 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 2,0
BM,Kr
Caxap-necoK, Kr 12,0 6,0 9,0 7,0 7,0 2,0 1,0
MaprapHH CTOnOBbrH C 15,0 13,0 10,0 10,0 2.0 3,0
COACp)I(aIIllCM )l(Hpa 82%,
Kr
MOJlOKO neJlmOC, Kr 10,0
Macno rop'IH'lHOC, Kr 6,0
BHHorpaA cYIlleHblil, Kr 20,0
Opex MYCKa1HbrH, Kr* 0,05
Kapj1llMOH, Kr* 0,08
TMHH,Kr 0,8
1,5
no pac1IeTy
2,0
2,0
7,5
2-4
30-32
20-30
3,0
1,5
no pac1IeTy
2,0
2,0
10-20
28-30
90-120
3,0
*lIJIlI MOJlO'IHa51 CbIBopoTKa HaTypaJ1b!IM B KonH1IecTBC 10-20 Kr B 3aBIICHMOCTII OT
ee KHcnomOCTlI.
YnaKOBKY 6ynOQeK npoH3BolJ;1IT nocne oxna)l(jI,eHHJI He 60nee 'IeM
'Iepe3 3 qaca nocne BbIXOlJ;a 1'13 ne'lH.
EynO'lKH MOCKOBCKHe Bblpa6aTbmalOT H3 nWeHH1JHOH M}'KH BbIClllero
COpTa no fOCT 27844-88.
Eyno'IKH MOCKOBCKHe npelJ;CTaBnHlOT C060H wTY1JHOe H3lJ;eJIHe OKpyr-
nOH 4>OpMbI C TpeMJI HalJ;pe3aMH Ha nOBepXHocTH, MaCCOH 0,2 Kr. ,Il,HaMeTp
H3lJ;emrn 13-15 CM.
TecTo rOToBHT mo6bIMH cnoc06aMH, npHH1ITbIMH B xne60neqemrn rom
H3lJ;eJIHH H3 nIneHH'lHOH MYKH. TIpelJ;nO'ITHTenbHbIM JlBnHeTCH 6e30napHbIH
cnoco6 (TaM. 147).
Byno'iKa MOCKOBCKIUI
* YKa3aIIHOC KOJlH1ICCTBO Kapp;aMOHa II MYCKamoro opcxa MO)l(eT 6bITb 3aMCHCHO:
KOpllaHj1pOM B KOJIH1IeCTBe 0,5 Kr lIJIlI KopllIleil B KOn1l1leCTBe 0,5 Kr C 1106aBncHlIcM Ba-
HlIJIHHa 0,02 Kr.
l' a 6 JI II U a 146
Ta6J1l1ua 147
PcncI!TYpa H pexat:M npllrOTOBJlCHH5I TeCTa 6e30napHbIM cnoco60M
AlIII 6y JlO1leK MOCKOBCKHX
Pen C U1Ypa H pe)l(llM npHrOTOBJlCHHII TeCTa 6C30napHbiM
H YCKOPCHHblM cnoco6aMII AJIII 6YJlO'lCK CTOJlll'lHbIX
HBHMeHOBaHHe ChIpbH, nonycpa6pHKaTOB
H nOK33aTeneH nponecca
HaHMeHOBaIIHe CbIpbJI,
nonY4>a6pHKaTOB H
nOKa3aTeneH
npon ecca
paCXOn CbIpbJI H napaMeT
pbI npOIlecca no cnocoGIlM
MYKa nIllCHH'IHa51 xnc60ncKapHM BbIClI1cro cOPTa, Kr
)lP0)l()l(H xnc60llCKapHble npeCCOBaIlHbIC, Kr
COJib nOBapCHHa5I nmuCBM, Kr
BOj1ll,Kr
Caxap-nCCOK, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbHa5l, 0 C
np0l101DKllTCJlbHOCTb 6p0)l(eHlIH, MHH
KlICJ1OTHOCTb KOHe'IHa51 TeCTa, rpa,o" HC 60ncc
YCKopeH-
HbIH Ha
KMK3
6e3-
on pHbm
MYRa 1I1I1CHH'IHM xne60ncKapHaH BblClI1Cro COpTa, Kr
)lP0)l()l(l! xnc60nCKapHblC npeCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
97,0
5,0
100,0
5,0
248
PaCXOn CblpbJI H napa-
MeTphI nponecca
100,0
2,5
2,0
no pac1IeTy
1,0
27-29
180-210
3,0
249
PeKOMeH,lJ,yeTcH 130 BpeMH 6po)!(eHllii 'Iepe3 120 MllH npoBoAHTb nepBYIO
06MHHKY H 3a 40 MIDi jJ,o OKOH'IaHHH 6po)!(elUUl - BTOpylO.
,lJ.erreHHe 6yrrO'leK MOCKOBCKHX npoH3B'OjJ,5IT MalllliHaMll wm BPY'IHYID.
TIocrre oKpyrneHliH 3arOTOBKH YK11ajJ,bmaIOT Ha JIOTKH 1'1 HanpaBnHlOT
Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIpOjJ,OJDKHTeJIbHOCTb paccTOHKH 50-60 MHH.
TIepejJ, Bbme'lKOH Ha paccToHBllIHXCH TeCTOBblX 3arOTOBKax jJ,erraIOT
TPH HajJ,pe3a. BbmeKalOT 6yn:o'IKH 13 YBJIa)!(HeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe npH
o
TeMllepa-rype 200-220 C. llp0jJ,OJI)!(HTeJIbHOCTb Bbme'IKH 19-21 MHH.
00
v
-
'"
::!
:s:
I::
10
'"
I-<
10
0
8
c
u
:a
:I:
:3
c:>.
-=
0
:0:
..
S.
0
III
,=
0
0
I::
0
u
.:s:
=:
I::
g
f,;!
'"
..
U
0>
..
II:
i:j
0>
I::
III
0
..
0
....
=:
c:>.
c
8-
:0:;
'"
c:>.
c
0>
H3AeJ11UI XJIe606yno'lHhle co crymelDlOit MOnO'llIOA CLIBOpOTKOA
H3jJ,eJ1HH XJ1e606ynollHble co c eHHoH MonOIlHOH CblBOpOTKOH BbIpa-
fiaThIBaIOT no fOCT 27844-88 H OCT 18-382-81 H3 nllIeHH'UiOH M)'KH BbIC-
mero H I COpTOD_
lbjJ,emm co CryllteHHOH MOJIOIlHOH CbIDOpOTI<OH Bblpa6aTbIDaIOT crre-
A}'IOIl.'(HX HaHMeHOBaHHH:
6YJ1l<H KpeCThHHCKHe H3 M)'KH mneHH'lHOH I copTa oKpymoH clJoPMbI,
MaCCOH 0,43-0,53 Kr H 0,73-0,83 Kr, AHaMeTpoM OpHeHTHpOBOIlHO 11-
16 CM 1'117-19 CM;
6aTOHbi co crYllteInIOH CblBOpoTKOH 1'13 M)'KH nllIeHHIlHOH BblClllero
copTa, npOjJ,OJII'OBaTOH $OpMbI C OJJ,HHM-}J.BYMH np5IMbIMll nonepe'lHblMll
HaApe3aMH Ha nOBepXI-IOCTH, MaccoH 0,4 KTo OpHeHTHpOBO'lHbie pa3Mepbl
6aTOHOB: }J.1IHHa 27 -2 9 CM, nmpHHa 9-11 CM.
TecTo }J.JIH 6aTOHoB co crylUeHHoH CblBOpOTKOH 1'1 6YJIOK KpecTbHHcKHX
rOTOBHT YCKopeHHbIMH HJIH 6e30napHbiMll cnoco6aMll 130 H36e)!(aHHe nony-
qeHHH H3jJ,emrii C nOBbIlIIeHHoH KHCJIOTHOCTblO.
TecTo ]l)UI 6YJIKH KpeCTbHHCKOH MO)!(HO rOTOBHTb TaK)Ke Ha 60JIblllOH
ryCTOH onape C jJ,onOJIHHTeJlbHOH MeXaHH'leCKOH 06pa60TKOH TeCTa npH 3a-
Mece H C COKpaIl\em-IOH np0jJ,OJI)!(}{TeJIbHOCTblO 6po)!(eHJ.!:5I ero jJ,0 pa.3jJ,errKH
(Ta6JI. 148).
TIpH YCKopeHHoM cnoc06e C npHMeHeHHeM MaIlIHH A2-XTE 3aMec Tec-
Ta npoH3BOjJ,5IT CJIe1J.YI01IU1:M 06pa30M. CrYlUeHHYIO CbIDOPOTKY npejJ,BapH-
TeJlbHO CMelllHBalOT C BOjJ,OH TeMnepa-rypoH 30-40 0 C B COOTHOllleHHH 1:1 1'1
BHOCHT 13 jJ,e)!(}' BMeCTe C jJ,pyrHM cblpbeM, nOJIaraIOlI\IiMCH no peuenType,
KpoMe M)'KH 1'1 jJ,pO)!()!(eH, 3anHBaIOT BOjJ,Y 1'1 Bce nepeMelillIBaIOT, 3aTeM
3aCbInalOT M)'KY 1'1 BHOCHT jJ,P0)!()!(H, npe}J.BapHTeJIbHO pa3BejJ,eHHble B BOjJ,e
HJIH aKTHBHpOBaHHble.
fOTOBoe TeCTO jJ,emrr Ha KYCKH 3ajJ,aHHOH MaCCbI Ha TeCTOjJ,eJIHTerrbHbiX
MaIllHHax 1'1 oKpyrrrHlOT.
TIoCJIe jJ,eJIeHIDI 1'1 oKpyrJIeHHH TeCTOBbie 3arOTOBKH }J.JIH 6aTOHOB npo-
nycKaIOT 'lepe3 3aKaTO'lH}'1O MaJ1IHHY. 3ar<aTaHHbIH KYCOK TeCTa jJ,orr)!(eH
HMeTb npojJ,onrOBa-ry1O $opM)' C oKpymeHHbIMH KOHlI,aMll.
CclJOpMOBaHHble H3jJ,eJIH5I HanpaBrrHIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
llp0jJ,orr)!(HTeJIbHOCTh paCCTOHKH }J.JIH 6yrroK KpecTbHHcKHX 40-50 MHH,
]l)UI 6aTOHOB - 30-40 MHH.
250
'" 0
Q,
" !:! .. ..
0
0>
0 ..
,= u
0
u ..
u '"
= :>. ..
.... u f--
" '"
., .= Q,
10 0 X
0 =
g
c $ .,
u £ Q,
'"
0 ., c
c = 0
.,
0
u
'"
I:f
0
Q,
c
:a ....Q,
Q, u 0
.. 0 111
'"
" () :0'=
'" _ u 0
Q, 'S x
.,
c ,= 0=
= :a :;;=
II: 10"
'" a
Q, '"
:a Q,
0
u X '"
r::! ° =
0 :>. X
>< = u
u x:':
.,
c... r:: II:
:>.'"
10 ..
Q.
X
.,
- u
3i III g
!':-ol:f
"''' 0
o",Q.
,;
a Q. '"
III 'g 5
0-&"
5
0 :2
., c 0
:I: C
=:
0
0> M NO
M :r 0 q5
I I J "l I 1 _MV It")
0 -0. Nfti I I 1 1 1 M
v ",00
0 MN
CI
o '"
'Iqll'
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\D M
oogq
171'71,
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N M
I J J
1 1
o 0>
g,0It")£;OOO
...-I M-1 v)
o
CI
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ON It")
V')('f)Mf' 00
J,d,.!.J,'..-r
NMv
o
Ig :2 I J I
_ 0.
o
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V')M('f)O\ V)
J,d,,!,d,I
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Q,
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f."O- >.
I-< :.: u
go 1:1€
U H N :r: (I)
0>"'. 0.0. a
31-<0> :s; o f:i 10
8go
a I::t
:s:g; :z:
:z::z:o,-, a:z: :s: -'-'E'
g *:z: i-
@ i u
o><'d ..... ::S:I-Qo *Clg
o0::<if) 8!J f-c1-< 001-<
@[ M <'d
>< c ::<i 0 m
5 II: III 0 0> '"
.. <'d 0 <'d f2 0 I:: '-0 :z::z: o :z:
!ji&IO!2 I::O t:: OQ:s::s::z: :.:
:s::s:<>o :i ::O.0 533",
:z::z:so. oo"' O I-<ro o.
<> '" 0 :.:t'<1::t :s:::O", !3
3 3 :s: '-0 I-< 0 0 * '" ., '" 0 0
cC*@:':li=o.0v Cl _1:::Z::z: 0.1:: is is
t13", ", ctS t:QOdO (1)000
& et5 c 55
8 a 6g 8
'-'
251
TIepen nOCaAKOH B ne'Ib Ha paccrOJlBWHXCJI 6aToHax nenaIOT 1-2 npH-
MbIX nonepe'lHbIX Hanpe3a. BbmelJKa 6ynoK KpecTbIDlcKHX npOH3Bo,u,HTCJI B
Te1JeHHe 36-40 MHH, a 6aToHoB - B TelJeirne 21-23 MHH npH TeMnepaType
190-200° C.
Pcnemypa H pe)I(HM nplU'OTOBJlCHHJI TeCTa
onapHbiM H YCKOPCHHbIM cnoc06aMII AJUI caeK
l' a 6 JI II Ll alSO
CaAKH
HaHMeHOB8HlIe ChIpbJl,
nonY4>a6pHKaToB H
nOKa3aTeneii nponecca
CaHKH BbIpa6aTblliaIOT no fpeT 27844-88 H3 nweHHlJHOH MYKH BbIC-
wero, nepBoro H BToporo COpTOB MaccoH 0,2 Kr, n01J;OBbIMH H $OpMOBbIMH.
Pel.{enTypa caeK npliBe1J;eHa B Ta6n. 149. Bbme'IKa HX npoH3BO,u,HTCJI Ha nHe-
Tax no HeCKOJIbKO lUTYK B BH,IJ;e IIJIHT ID1H B $OpMaX.
J1HcToBbIe CaHKH HMelOT np01J;OnrOBaTYIO $opM)' C oKpyrneffilbIMH
KOlU\aMH H 6oKOBblMH CTOpOHaMH B BH,IJ;e cmmOB, $OpMOBbIe - COOTBeTCT-
BYIOIUHe $opMe, B KOTOpOH npoH3BoromaCb Bbme'IKa, 01J;Ha wm )J,Be 60KO-
BbIe CTeHKH B BH)J;e cmmOB, nOBepXHOCTb - rna,D,KaH.
Bbme1JeJUIbIe caiiKH n,omKHbl nerKO OTn,enJlTbCJI 1J;pyr OT n,pyra.
CaiiKH H3 M)'KH BToporo copTa 1J;OJDKHbl HMeTb cnenyrolIlHe opHeHTH-
poBOlJHbIe pa3Mepbl: nmrny 17-19 CM, UllIpliH}' 6-7 CM; H3 M)'KH nepBO-
ro H BbIcwero COpTOB - 16-20 CM H 6-9 CM COOTBeTCTBeHHO.
MYKa mneHlI'IHa51 xJlc60nCKapHa5I BbIClI1CrO,
I 1IJ18 II COpTOB, Kr
.uPOJI()!(lI xJlC60ncJ<apHblc IIpcccoBaHHble, Kr
CoJib nOBapCHHa5I nH1!1cBaH, Kr
BO)1a,Kr
Caxap-neCOK, MaprapHH, MaCJlO rop'lH'lHOC
MOJlO'IHa5I CbIBOpOTKa HaTYpaJIbHM, Kr
Onapa, Kr
Ha1laJIbHM TCMIICpa'J)'pa, 0 C
npOp;OJ1)!(l1TCJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHHJlI1lIJI lI3j1emIfi
113 MYKlI, MHH:
BblClI1CrO copTa
I II II COpTOB
KlIcnOTHoCTb KOHC'IHM onapbl }J.lIJi 1I3p;CJlIIfi
113 MYKlI, rpaA:
BblClI1CrO copTa
I COpTa
II COpTa
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHa5I TCCTa }J.lIH 1I311eJlllfi 113
MYKlI, rpaA, HC 60Jlee:
BblClI1CrO COpTa
I copTa
II copTa
Ta6J1l1ua 149
PenenTYpa caeK
PaCXOIJ: ChIpbJl
H8HMeHOBIIHHe CblpbJl C IDIO- H3 MYKH
MOM II copTa
f
MYKa mneHlI'IHa5I xnc60ncKapHM, Kr V
BblClI1Cro COpTa 100,0
I copTa, 100,0 100,0
II copTa 100,0
J],pO)l()l(l! xnc6oncJ<apHbIc npeCCOBaHHblC, Kr 1,5 1,0 1,0 1,0
COJib nOBapeHHM IIl!ll(CBM, Kr 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5
Caxap-nccoK, Kr 4,0 4,0 4,0 3,0
MaprapHH CTOJlOBblil C cop;ep)l(aHlICM )!(lIpa 2,5 2,5
82%, Kr
BHHOrpal1 cymCHbIfi, Kr 12,0
Macno rOp1lWIHOC, Kr 8,0
PaCXOIJ: CblpbR H napaMeTpbl npo-
necca no cnoco6aM H CTII,IUIJIM
onapHhm
YCKopeHHbIH
19a MOJIO'UIOH
CbIBopOTKe
onapa I
45 -55
1,0-1,5
25-35
27-29
240-270
210-240
2,5-3,5
3,5-4,5
4,5-5,0
TecTO
55-45
no
pcuenTYpc
no pac'IcTY
no
pcucnTYpc
BC5I
29-31
90-110
60-90
3,0
3,5
4,5
TeCTO
100,0
2,0 - 2,5
no
pcucnTYpc
no paC'leTY
110
pcuellTYpc
10-15
29-33
70-90
70-90
3,0
3,5
4,5
)JeneHHe TeCTa npOIi3BO)J.JIT MaIilliHaMH H1IH BP}'lJHYIO. OKpyrneHHe 3a-
rOTOBOK >KenaTeJIbHO oC)'J.UeCTBnJlTb Ha 1J,Byx nocnen,OBaTenbHO YCTaHOBneH-
HbIX oKpyrmnenJIX. )JnJl npH1J;aIUUI caiiKaM np01J;onrOBaTO-OBaJIbHOH $OpMbI
npOH3BO,lJ,JlT 06pa60TKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK B 3aKaT01JHOH Maurn:He.
TIoCJJe 1J;eneHHJI, oKpyrneHHJI H 3aKaTKH TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH 1J,JUI n01J;O-
BbIX caeK >KenaTenbHO n01J,BepraTb npe1J,BapHTenbHOH paCCTOHKe.
TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH B BHJJ:e 6aTOH'lliKOB C oKpyrneJUIbIMH KOHU;aMH
YKJIa;:u,llialOT Ha nHCTbI HnH $OpMbI TaKHM 06pa30M, '!T06bI no OKOH'IaHHH
paCCTOHKH H BblnelJKH 06pa30BaJIHCb C1llillbI.
TIpon,omKHTenbHOCTb paCCTOHKH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK: H3 M}'KH BbIC-
wero H nepBoro COpTOB - 40-60 MHH; H3 M)'KH BToporo copra - 35-
55 MHH.
TecTo MO>KHO rOTOBHTb mo6bIM H3 cnoc060B, npHMeWleMbIX nrrJl npH-
roTOBnemUI H31J;eJIHii H3 nweHlflIHoH M)'KH (Ta6n. 150).
B roTOByro onapy B COOTBeTCTBIDf C peu;emypoH BHOCJlT pacTBopbI
COJ1H, caxapa, paCTOnneffilbm MaprapllH, rop'llilJHoe Macno HJ1H BHlIor-
pan cyrueHbIH.
3aTeM n,06aBmuoT BOny, nocne TlIlaTeJIbHOrO nepeMelIIHBaHHJI 3aCbI-
naIOT MYKY H 3aMeUlllBaIOT TeCTO.
"52
253
BbIneKalOT CaHKll B YBJ1a)!(HeHHOH neKapHOH KaMepe npH TeMIIepaType
200-260° C. TIpoAomKHTeJ1bHOCTb Bbme'IKH caeK COCTaBJIJIeT:
H3 M)'Kll BblClIlero H I COpTOB MaccOH 0,2 Kr . . . . .20-24 I\filH;
H3 M)'KJ! II copTa MaCCOH 0,2 Kr. . .. .......... .22-26 Mlm;
caHKH $opMoBbIe no 3 lIIT. MaCCOH 0,2 Kr . . . . . 36-38 Mill{.
BbIIIe'lKy n OH3BoA1!T B }'BJ1a)!(HeHl:lOH neKapHOH KaMepe npH TeMne-
paTYpe 200-220 C B Te'leHHe 23-25 MHH.
II3)J;eJDUI XJIe606ynolIBhle c)J;o6HLle
TIepe/J, BbleMKOH H3 ne'lli nOBepXI-IOCTh caeK onpblcKllBalOT BOAoH.
Ta6nllQa 151
K rpynne H3)J;emrn XJIe606YJIO'lHbIX C/J,06HbIX OTHOCHTCH H3)J;emul, B
pel1,enTYPY KOTOpbIX BXOA1!T caxap H >KHp B C}'MMapHOM KOJIH1leCTBe 14% If
OOJIee (TaOO. 152).
H3/J,eJIHH XJIeoo6YJIO'lHble Cno6HbIe Bblpa6anmalOT no rocT 24557-
81 H3 nlIleHH'lHOH M)'Kll nepBoro H BbICIllero COpTOB.
IbneJIHH Cn06Hble BbIpa6aTbmaIOT CJIenylOlI.{HX HaHMeHOBaHHH H MaCCbl:
6YJIO'lKa "BecH}'IllKa" - 0,05 Kr oKpyrJIOH HJIH '1eThlpexyrOJIbHOH
$OpMbI co CJIIIDaMH C 2-4-x CTOpoH;
6YJIo'lKa c)J;o6HaH - 0,1 Kr oKpymoH IUIH 'lenlpexyrOJIbHOH $o'PMbI
co CJIIIDaMH C 2-4-x CTOpoH;
6yJIKa CJIaBIDiCKaH - 0,5 Kr, H3neJIHH OKpyrJIOH $OPMbI C npOnOJIbHLIMH
If nOnepe'IHbIMH Ha,r(pe3aMH Ha nOBepXHocrn, o6pa3YlOII.{HMH Y30P B BH)J;e
pOM6HKOB HJIH KBanparnKoB;
6YJIKa $PYKTOBaH - 0,2 Kr H3neJIllil oKpymoH $OpMbI;
JIenelliKa CMeTaHHaH - 0,1 Kr oKpyrJIOH $OpMbI C HaKOJIaMH Ha nOBepx-
HOCTH;
6pHoIllH - 0,065 Kr B BH)J;e nHpaMH)J;bI C OCHOBaHHeM H3 Tpex wapHKOB If
C O}J,HHM IllapHKoM cBepxy;
IIJIlOlliKa MOCKOBCKaH - 0,1 M 0,2 Kr pa3Hoo6pa3HoH $opMbI, COOT-
BeTCTBYlOllIeH HaMMeHOBaHHIO, C '1eTKO Bblpa>KeHHbIM pHC}'HKOM, C OT/J,eJI-
KOH caxapHLIM neCKOM;
6YJIO'lKa rpIDK,lJ;aHcKaH pa3JIH'IHOH $OpMbI MaCCOH 0,2 Kr: 6YJ1o'IKa
OKpyrJIaH C Ha,r(pe3aMH Ha nOBepXHocTH, o6pa3YlOII.{HMH ceTKY; 6YJIo'IKa C
I.{yKaTOM - B BHJJ:e JIeneIllKIf C pHC}'HKOM H3 I.{yKaTa; IIITp eJIH _ B BH,IJ;e
6aToHa co CJIerKa 3aocTpeHHblMH KOHl1,aMH H KOCbIMH Ha,r(pe3aMH Ha no-
BepXHocrn (Bce TPH H3neJIHH OTnenaHbl npoOOeHbIM opexoM H caxapHblM
necKoM); IllTOJIH - B BH)J;e CJ10>KeHHOH B1J,Boe JIeneIllKH, nOBepXHOCTh KOTo-
pOH OT/J,eJIaHa nOManOH;
BynKa C MOJIO'lHoii CbIBOpOTKOii
EYJIKY C M0J10'IHOH cbmopoTKoH Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT B COOTBeTCTBHH C
rOCT 27844-88 H3 nIlleIDI'IHOH M)'KH nepBoro copTa C n06aBJIeHHeM Ha-
TYpaJIbHOH MOJIO'lHOH CbmopOTKH.
EYJIKa C MOJIO'lHOH CbmopOTKOH npenCTaBnHeT C060H H3ne.rrne oKpyr-
nOH IiIlli npO/J,OJIrOBaTO-OBaJIbHOH $OpMbI C nsYMH Hanpe3aMH MaCCOH
0,5 Kr.
TecTo rOTOBJIT 6e30napHbIM MnH YCKopeHHbIM cnoco6aMH. TIpenno'l-
THTeJIbHbIM HBJIHeTCH YCKopeHHbIH (moo. 151).
PCQcnTYpa H PC)!(lIM npmOTOBnCHHH TeCTa YCKopeHHblM cnoco60M
AM 6ymOi C MOnO'IHOH CblBOpOTKOH
HIIHMeHOBSHHe ChIphR, nonY4>s6pHKsTOB
H nOKa3aTeneii npo ecca
PSCXOn ChIphR H napa-
MeTphI nponecca
MYRa nlI1eHlI'IHaJI xJlC60nCKapHM nepBoro capTa, Kr
llpO)l()l(l! xJlcGoncJ<apHbic npCCCOBaIillbIC, Kr
Com, nOBapCHHaJI nllll(eBaH, Kr
BOAa,Kr
Caxap-nccoJ(, Kr
MaprapHH CTOJlOBbrH C COp;epJKaIIMCM JKlIpa 82%, Kr
CLmOpOTJ<a MOJlO'IHM HaTypaJlbHaH, Kr
TCMncpaTypa Ha1laJIbIIM, DC
np 0 I1 01DK lITCJl:bHOCTb 6pO)l(eHlUI, MHH
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOllC'IHM TCCTa, rpap;, HC 60nec
100,0
3.0
1,5
no paC'lcTy
5,0
3,5
30,0
29-33
60-90
3,5
TecTo neJIHT Ha KYCKll MaIlIHHaMH H.rrn Bp}"IHyro. TIocne neneHHH, OK-
pyrJIeHlliI H 3a.I<:aTKll (nrIH H3neJIHii npOAOJIrOBaTO-OBaJIbHOH $OpMbI) Kyc-
Kll TeCTa nocTynaIOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIpO/J,OJI>KHTeJIbHOCTh paccToHKll 40-50 MIIH,
EynKY C MOJIO'll:lOH CbmOpOTKOH MO)((HO BbmeKaTh Ha nony IUIH Ha
JUfCTax. TIepen nOCa)J;KoH B ne'lb Ha paCCTOHBIllHXCH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBKax
neJIaIOT 1J,Ba npJIMbIX IUIH KOCbIX Ha,r(pe3a.
254
255
l' 8 6 n II u a 152
Bynoq- Byno1l- Byn- Bym<:8 nenew- B pDO- llmow-
Ka K8 K8 4>PYK- Ka WB K8
HMeHOBBHHeC pbft .,Bec- CJ;\06H8JI CnaBJIH- TOBaJI CMeTBH- MOCKOB-
YWK8' CKaft Haft CK8ft
PenenTypa
CA06HbIX H3,11enHH
Byno'IK8 rpa)KJ;\aHCK8JI
6yno1lKa 6yno'IK8 Cg068 CJ;\06a Byno1l- B8TPYWK8 KpeH,JJ;CJU CJ;\068
KpynIaH Kpyrnlm 06hIKHO- BbI6opr- K8 CJ;\06H8JI BbI6opr- BbI60pr-
C Ha,JJ.pe3a- C Ha,JJ.pe3a- BeHHaft CKaft CJ;\o6HaJI C TBOpOrOM CKHH CKaft
MD, WTpHL\e- Mil, WTpH- C nOM8- 4>HrYP-
JIll, 6y n01l- neJIH, (Me- J;\OB H8JI
KH C nYKa- XBHH'leC-
TOM) K8H o6pa-
WTOJIH 60TKa)
MYKa nlI1CHH'lHa5I
xnc60nCKapHaft:
BhIClI1Cro copra, 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0* 100,0 100,0
Kr
I coPTa, J(J' 100,0 100,0 100,0
.D,pO)l()I(lf xneGoneKap- 3,0 5,0 4,0 2,0 4,0 4,0 4,0 4,0 4,0 1,5 2,5 4,0 2,5 2,5 2,5
HbIe npeCCOBaHHhIe, KI'
COJib nOBapCHHa5I I!HII.\e- 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,5 1,0 0,75 1,0 0,8 0,8 1,5 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0
BM,KI'
CaxaIHIccoK, KI' 10,0 26,0 12,0 15,0 17,0 22,0 16,8 16,8 10,0 20,0 17,5 50,0 10,0 25,0
Macno CJIlIBO'IHoe HC- 10,0 15,0 24,0 14,0 15,6 15,6 7,0 7,0 25,5 10,0 10,0
conCHoc, KI'
Macno nOj1CoJllic'lHOC, 0,5 0,5 0,5
J(J'
MaprapHH CTOnOBbrH c 9,0 15,0 7,0 15,0
col1ep)l(aHHCM )K]1:pa 82%,
J(J'
MonoKo UenLHOC, KI' 15,0 30,0 20,0 20,0 13,0
CMCTalIa, Kr 20,0
TBopor 18%-Hoil )!(lIp- 100,0
HOCTII, Kr
JIano KypHHOC B TeCTO, 325/13,0 350/14,0 25/1,0 50/2,0 50/2,0 25/1,0 300/12,0 425/17,0** 50/2,0 25/1,0
WT/KI'
JIano Kypmroc Ha CMa3- 75/3,0 75/3,0 50/2,0 100/14,0 2 00/8,0 125/5,0 100/4,0 100/4,0 90/3,6 75/3,0 100/4,0 150/6,0 50/2,0 75/3,0
ICy, WT/KI:
nOBJfAJlO HJIH BapeHbe, 12,0 12,0
J(J'
BaHHJIHH, KI' 0,025 0,025 0,025 0,05 0,025 0,05 0,05
Opex, J(J' 2,0 3,0
BmrorpaA cyweHbrit, KI' 5,0 7,6 7,6 1,0
nyp;pa caxapHa5I, KI' 1,0 1,0
DaTOJ<a, KI' 2,0 2,0 2,0
[(yKaTbI, KI' 7,6 6,6
nOMa,IIfl, KI' 3,0
Caxap-nCCOK 1J)UI no- 17,5 16,0
MII,!I;b!, KI'
· .D.onYCKacTCII npll BhIpa60TKC CAo6Hoil B8TpY1I1K11 C TBOpOrOM Ha KOMIIJICKCHO-Mcxa HH311pOBamIOD runum MaplQI XBn 'IaCTb MyKtt OT 1 ,110 3% OT 06r.qcro ee KOJll!1jeCTB8
no pcnelI'l)'pc BHOClITb B Ha'IHHKy.
.. H3HIIX 225/9,0 B Ha'lllHKY.
9 3aK. 1116
256 257
CA06a 06bIKHOBeHHaH - 0,05 H 0,1 Kr, pa3Ho06pa3HoH <pOpMbI, C '1eTKO
BbIpa)f(eHHbIM pHC}'HKOM; HaH60nee pacnpocTpaHeHHbIe BH.IU>I C):{05bI _
YCTpH a, YCTPH.wl KpyrnaR, 6aHTIIK, Kp)"leHKa, BeH3em" po30'lKa, ymuKa,
IUIeTeHKa;
cAo6a BbI60prCKaH - 0,05 H 0,1 Kr pa3Ho06pa3HoH <pOpMbI C '1eTKO
BbI a)f(eHHbIM _pHC}'HKOM C oTAenKoH caxapHbIM necKOM, nYAPoH, KpOIll-
KOH, nOMa.n:oH, BapeHbeM WIH nOBHAJlOM, KpeMoM; HaH50nee pac-
npocTpaHeHHbIe CA06bI - neneIllKa C Ha'IHHKOH, 5a60'lKa, rancTYK, MeABe)f(bf!
nanKa, llHpO)f(OK C 3y6'IHKaMH, llHpO)f(OK TpeXPHAHbIH C 3y6'IHKaMH, llH-
pmKoK C O,[\HHM KpbillbIIllKOM, nHpO)f(OK C ABYMR KpbillbIIllKaMH, 6aHTHK,
KpyrnaH 6yno'lKa C nOBHAJlOM Ha nOBepXHocTH, nOCbIllaHHOH KpOIllKOH
WIH caxapHoH nYApoH, <PHrypHbIe neneIllKH; cA06a, OTAenaHHaR PHCYHKOM
H3 3aBapHoro TecTa;
6yn '1Ka cA06HaH C nOMaAOH - 0,05 H 0,1 Kr oKpyrnoH HnH '1eTbIpex-'
yronbHoH_ <pOpMbI o cmmaMH C 2-4-x CTOpOH C BbmYKnoH nOBepXHOCTbIO,
nOKpbITOH nOMaAOH;
BaTp Ka CA06 aH C TBoporoM - 0,1 Kr oKpyrnoH <pOpMbI C OTKpbITOH
TBOpO)f(HOH Ha'lliHKOH;
KpeH,1J.eJIb BbI60prcKHH - 0,1 H 0,5 Kr B <popMe BocbMepKH C HanO)f(eH-
HbIMH KOHl aMU nocepe.r:ume, OT/J,enaHHbIe nOMaAoH;
c}],06a BLI60prcKaR <pHrypHaR - 0,05 H 0,1; 0,2 H 0,5 Kr pa3Ho06pa3HoH
<POpMbI, 06bI'lH0 B BH}],e nTH )f(HBOTHbIX, pbI6 HAp.
TIpHrOTOBneHHe TeCTa AJlf! CA06HbIX H3AenIDi npoH3BO,lUfTCJI onapHbIM
Ha 60nbIllOH ryCTOH onape, 6e30napHbIM WIH YCKopeHHblMU cnoc06aMU:
J1;If! npHroToBneHHR onapbI Hcnonb3YIOT 50% Apo)l()f(eH, eCnll KonH-
'1eCTBO HX npeBbIllIaeT 3%. OpH pacxoAe Ap0)l()f(eH AO 3% Bce HX KOnH'IeCT-
BOo Hcnonb3yeTcR npH 3aMece onapbI. Ha'laJIbHaH TeMIIeparypa onapbI 26-
30 C, npo/J,OJDKHTeJIbHOCTh 5po)f(eHHf! 210-270 MHH. Ha rOToBoH onape
3aMenrnBaIOT TeCTO. TIpH 3aMece B TeCTO BHOCJlT OCTaJIbHyIO M)'KY H CbIpbe
npen;YCMOTpeHHbIe pe enrypOH. Ha'laJIbHaH TeMIIepaTypa TecTa 28-32° C:
npOAOn)f(HTenbHOcTb 6pO)f(eHHH 60-90 MHH.
,ami cA06bI BbI60prCKOH TecTO peKOMeHA}'eTCf! nOABepraTb 06MUHKe
'1epe3 50-60 MUH nocne 3aMeca.
TIpH npHrOTOBneHHH TeCTa Ha 60nbIllOH rycToii onape TeCTO nOABep-
raIOT YCHneHHOH MexaHH'IeCKOH 06pa60TKe H nocne 20-40 MUHyrnoro
6pO)f(eHlliI HanpaBnmoT Ha pa3AenKY.
Ee30napHbIH cnoc06 - oAHo<pa3HbIH, npeA}'CMaTpHBaeT BHeceHHe npH 3a-
Mece TeCTa Bcero KOnH'IeCTBa M}'KH, BO}],bI, COITH, Ap0)l()f(eH H AononHHTenb-
HO O CblpbH. Ha'lillThHaH TeMIIepaTypa T CTa Kone6neTCH B npenenax 29-
31 C, npO/J,OJDKHTenbHOCTh 6pO)f(eHHH - 120-210 MUH. )Ja.HHbU cnoc06
peKoMeHA}'eTCJl CO'leTaTb C npeABapHTeJIbHOH aKTHBalU1eH np0)f()K6H. B nOM
cnyqae npOAOn)f(HTeJIbHOCTh 6pO)f(eHHJl TeCTa COKpaIl\aeTCJI no 120-150 MHH. I
YCKOpeHHbrn cnoc06 npeAycMaTpHBaeT Hcnonb30BaHHe KOH eHTpHpO_-
BaHlfOH MOnO'lHOKHCnOH 3aKBaCKH, MOnO'lHOH CbIBOpoTKH WIH )!(HnKOH
p;MCnepcHoH <pa3bl. Oocne HHTeHCHBHoro 3aMeca TeCTO 6pO,lUfT B Te'leHHe
40-60 MHH.
)JnJl OTAeJIKH cn06HbIX H3AenHH Hcnonb3YIOTcJI cnenYIOIIlHe OTAeno'l-
HbIe nony<pa6pHKaTbI: KpoIllKa, KpeM, 3aBapHoe TeCTO, nOMa.n:a.
KpOIllKa: Ha npHrOTOBneHHe KpOlIlKH pacxoAyeTcH M)'Ka, caxap, Macno
)!(HBOTHOe WIH MaprapliH B coornOIllemrn 1:1 :0,5.
BHa'laJIe CMelllliBaIOT caxap H pa3MJIT'IeHHOe Macno, 3aTeM A06aBnHeTcJI
M)'Ka. Bce TIIlaTeJIbHO nepeMelllliBaIOT H npoTHpaIOT '1epe3 CHTO.
KpeM: roTOBJlT no cneA}'IOIIleH pe enType:
BOAa, Kr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1;
caxap, Kr ................... 0,4;
M)'Ka, Kr ................... 0,2;
JlH O, IllT .................... 5;
BaIlliJIHH, KI' ..................0,1.
Bce cbIpbe TIIlaTenbHO CMeIllHBaIOT H HarpeBalOT AO KIDIeIlliJl, nocne
'1ero KpeM rOTOB AJlH OTnenKH.
3aBapHoe TecTO rOTOBJlT no cneA}'lOIIleH pe enType:
M)'Ka ITIlleHH'lHaH BbIClIlero copTa, KI' ................ 4;
MaprapHH CTOnOBbrn C COnep)l(aH}leM )!GIpa 82%, KI' . . . . . " 1;
JIi1: 0 KypliHoe, IllT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30;
BOAa, KI' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.
MaprapHH CMelllliBaIOT C BO}],OH, CMeCb AOBOAJIT AO KIDIeIlliJl, nOCTeneH-
HO 3aCbmaH M)'KY npH nOCTOJlHHOM nepeMelilllBamrn:. 3aBapHBaHHe npo-
H3BO,lUfTCH OKono 5 MHHyT, nocne '1ero Maccy oxna)f(]J;aIOT no TeMIIepaTY-
pbI 35° C H B Hee BHOCJlT JIi1: a. Bce nepeMelllliBaIDT AO 01J,HOp01J,HOH KOH-
CHCTeHIUill H nony<pa6pHKaT nocrynaeT Ha OTnenKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK.
OOMalJ,a: Ha npHroToBneHHe 10 Kr nOMa1U>I pacxoAyeTcH 8,3 Kr caxapa-
neCKa H naTOKa KpaXMaJIbHaH B KOITH'IeCrne 0,8 Kr. Caxap H BOAY B COOT-
HOIlleHHH 3:1 npH 1I0CTOJlHHOM nepeMelilllBamrn: HarpeBaIDT no TeMIIepaTY-
P bI 113_117° C nocne 'lero /J,06aBnmoT naTOKY, He npeKpaIl\aH nepeMeIllH-
, °
BaHIDI.. TIpHrOTOBneHHbIH CHpon oxnIDKAaIDT no TeMIIeparypbI 36-40 C,
onpbICKHBaH cBepxy xono}],HoH BOAOH H B36HBaH 15-200 MHH. De peA ynoT-
pe6neHHeM nOMaA)' nOnOrpeBaIDT no TeMIIeparypbI 40-44 C.
Pa3}],enKY rOTOBoro TeCTa npOH3BOAJIT Bp}"IHYIO HnH MaI.I.IHHHbIM cno-
co60M.
258
9"'
259
BbIlle1JKY CAOOObIX H3Aem:U1 npOH3BOp,JIT B nC1JaX pa3JIH'lHbIX MapOK
B HC}'Bna)!(HCHlfOH nCKapHOH KaMCpC. TOnbKO lJ,IIH H3AcnIDi, oTAcnblBaCMbIX
caxapHoH nyAPOH Hmf nOMa)J.OH, BbIIIC'lKY MO)!(HO npOH3BOAHTb C napo}'B-
na)!(HCHHCM, HCKJIlO1JaH CMa3KY H3ACJlliH ncpcA noca)J,KOH B nC'Ib. RHl\O,
npCA}'CMOTpCHHOC no pCl\cnTYpc Ha CMa3KY, B 3TOM cnY1Jac 3aKnaAbIBaJOT B
TcCTO (onapy).
DapaMCTpbl TCXHOnOrH1JCCKHX PC)IQ{MOB, npHBCACHHblC B HHCTPYKl\IDI,
MorYT KOppCKTHpOBaTbCH npCAIIpHHTHHMH B 3aBHCHMOCTII OT Ka1JCCTBa
ncpcpa6aTbIBaCMoro CblpbH, ycnoBIDi npOH3BOAcTBa, TCXHl:I1JCCKOrO COC-
TOHHHH 060pYlIoBaHHH.
HH)I(c npHBOJJ,l1TCH OnHCaIillc pa3AcnKH KIDI<J];oro HaHMCHOBaHHH cA06-
HbIX H3AcnHH, a TaK)I(C AaHHb.lC 0 npOAOn)lQ{TcnbHOCTH paCCTOHKH H Bbl-
nC'lKH.
EYf/O'IKa ,,6ecHyUl.Ka ': OKpyrncHHblc 3arOTOBKH YKJIaAbIBalOT B <pOPMbI"
B KOJIH1JCCTBC 30 IllT WIH Ha JlliCTbI MH3KO APyr K Apyry TaK, 1JT06bl B npo-
l\CCCC paccToHKli OHH COCAIiHIUllICb. Pa3Mcpbl <pOpM 300X300X65 MM. Dpo-
AOn)lQ{TCnbHOCTb paccToHKH 60-90 MHH.
DcpcA nOCa)J,KoH B nc'Ib nOBcpXHOCTb TCCTOBblX 3arOTOBOK nOKpbl-
BaJOT HHl\OM Hmf HH1JHOH CMa3KOH. BbmC1JKY H3AcnH11 npoH3BoAHT npH
TCMIIcparypc 185 -215° C, npOAOn)lQ{TenbHocTb BbIllC1JKH 30-40 MIDI.
EYf/OI/Ka C006HaJl. OKpyrncHHblc 3arOTOBKlI TCCTa YKJIa)J.bIBaIOT 1llB0M
BHH3 Ha JlliCTbl Ha paCCTOHJUiH OKono 1 CM Apyr OT Apyra. Bo BpCMH paccToH-
KH 3arOTOBKH TCCTa COC,lJ,HHHIOTCH Apyr C ApyroM. TIpoAOn)lQ{TCnbHOcTb
paccTOHKH 60-120 MHH.
TIcpcA noca)J,KoH B nC1Jb 6ynO'lKH nOKpbIBalOT HHl\OM WIH HH'IHOH cMa3-
KOH, npOAOn)lQ{TeJIbHOCTb BbIlle'lKH 25-35 MIDI npH TCMncparypc 180-
220°C.
EYf/ Ka C/Za6RHCKaJl. PaccTOHKY C<popMOBaImbIX 3arOTOBOK TCCTa
npOH3BOp,JIT B TC1JCliHc 30-50 MHH.
TIcpcA nOCa)J,KoH B nc'Ib nOBepxHocTb 3arOTOBOK Ha)J.pc3alOT TaK, '!T06bl
06pa30BaJICH Y30P B BHAC pOM6HKOB HJ1H KBaApaTHKoB, nOKpblBalOT HH-
l\OM WIH HH'lHOH cMa3KoH. TIpoAOn)I(JiTCnbHOCTb BbIllC'lKH 35 -45 MHH
TCMIICparypa 200-220°C. '
EYf/Ka ifJPYKT06aJl. OC06CHHOCTbIO npHroToBncHIDI TCCTa lJ,IIH 6ynKli
4>PYKTOBOH HJUIHCTCH TO, 'fI0 nOBHlJ,IIO 3aMCIIIHBaCTCH B TCCTO. TIOBHlJ,IIO
ncpeMClilliBalOT C )l(HAKHMH KOMnOHCHTaMH, a 3aTeM 3aCbIlla1OT MYKY.
TCCTOBbIC 3arOTOBKH OKpyrJlHIOT H Hanp813nHlOT Ha paCCTOHKY. TIpo-
AOn)I(H?enbHOCTb _ paccToHKH 50-60 MIDi. BbmC'lKY npoBOp,HT B YBna)l(-
HeImOH nCKaplloH KaMcpc B Tc1JcHHc 21-25 MHII npH TCMIIcparypc 215-
225° C.
lleneUl.Ka CMeTaHHaJl. OKpyrnclUIbie TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH HanpaBnHlOT
Ha npcJI,BapHT:nbHyro paccToHKY B TC1JCHHC 1-2 MHH, nocnc 1Jcro paCKaTbI-
BaJOT CKaJIKOH B Kpyrnbic ncnCIllKH TO.1lli.{HHOH OKono 1 CM H p;HaMcTpoM
12-13 CM. PaCKaTKa B nerrCIllKH B03MO)l(IIa Ha 3aKaTO'IHOH MaIllIDIc 6C33a-
KaTKH B >KryT npH nOAIIHTOH npyrKoBoH pCIllCTKC.
PaCCTOHKY npOH3BOAHT lIa JIHCTax B TC1JCHHC 40-90 MHH.
DcpeA noca;::J:KoH B IIC'Ib nOBepXHOCTh H3ACJlliH HaKanblBaJOT H nOKpbIBa-
lOT HH1JHOH CMa3KOH. Bo H36c:>KaHHC 06pa30BaIillH B3A}'TIiH H paccnOCHHH MH-
KUllia cnCnYCT AenaTb HaKOnbl rny60KHc H 1JaCThIc.
BbmC1JKY npOBOp,HT npH TCMncparypc 200-210° C B TC1JcHHc 15-17 MHH.
EpuoUl.u. rOTOBOC TCCTO AcnHT Ha KYCKH MaccoH OKono 72 r. OIBC-
IliCHHbIC KYCKIi TCCTa AcnHT Ha 1JCTblpC npHMcpHO paBHbiC 1JaCTII, Ka:>K,IJ.YIO
113 KOIOpblX nO)J,KaTbIBalOT B IllapHK. TpH IllapliKa CKJIaAbIBalOT Ha JIHCIC
B BHAC TpcyronblrnKa, a 1JCTBCpTbIH nOMCll.\aIOT CBCPXY.
C<popMOBaHHbIC KYCKH TCCTa nocTynalOT Ha paCCTOHKY. Docnc 30-
60 MHH paccToHKH H3AcnHH CMa3bIBalOT HHl\OM HJ1H HII'lHOH CMa3-
KOH. Docnc norD paCCIOHKY npoAOn)l(aJOT Cll.\C 20-40 MHH.
BbmC1JKY H3ACJlliH npoH3BOp,HT npH TCMIICpaTYpc 270-290° C. DpoAon-
)l(JiTcnbHOCTb BbmC1JKH 10-12 MHH.
n110UlKa MOCK06CKaR. Docnc oKpyrncHliH KYCKH TCCTa HanpannHIOT
Ha npeJI,BapHIcnbHYlo paccTOHKY. 3aTcM Ka)f(,!J,bIH KYCOK TCCTa pacKaTbIBaJOT
CKaJIKOH B npoAonroBaTYIO ncneIllKY, KOTOPYIO CMa3bIBalOT pacTOIUIcHHblM
MacnOM. TIcncIllKY CKaTbIBalOT no jJ,J1HHC, 06pa3YH CnOHCTbIH )!(J'YTIlK TCCTa
Hful paCKaTbIBalOT Ha pornHKoBoii MaIilliHC. >KrYTIiK ncpcrn6alOT nononaM,
KOHllbl HaKIIa,rI,bIB 310T OJJ,l1H lIa ApyroH H cKpcnnHIOT. DPH.nCp:>KHBaH JICBOH
PYKOH KOHli,bI >KrYTIiKa, npanoH pa3pc3aJOT HO)l(OM CCpCJJ,I1HY >KrYTIlKa Ha
2 1JacTii. DpH YKJIa)J,Ke Ha JIHCT 3aroToBKY pa3BOpa'lliBa1OT no nHHIDf pa3pc-
3a B 06c CTOpOHbI.
IInIOIliKH H3rOTOBnHIOT TaK)I(C ApyrOH <pOPMbl. KOHllbI )!(J'yrnKa HC
cKpennHIOI, a IIocne Ha)J.pC30B cpa3y pa3Bopa'lliBa1OT B <pHrypy KpyrnoH
<pOPMbl. .
Pa3AcnaHHbIc nn1OI,IlKH YKJIa;::J:bIBaIOT Ha JIHCThI H CTaBHT Ha paccToHKY.
OKOH'laTenbHaH paccToHKa )J,JillTCH 60-110 MHH.
DcpcA noca)J,KOH B nc'Ib 3arOIOBKH nOKpbIBaJOT JiHl\OM WI}l JiH'lliOH
cMa3KoH H nOCbIllalOT caxapHhIM nCCKOM.
DpOAoIDKHTCnbHOCTb BbIlle'lKH H3AeIDIii MaCCOH 0,1 Kr - 14-16 MHH,
MaccoH 0,2 Kr - 17-22 MHH, TCMnepaTypa nc'lli 170-210° C.
EYf/O'lKa zpQJ/CoaHC1«lJ! Bblpa6aTbIBaCTCJi HCCKonbKHX pa3HoBHp;liOCTCH
no <pOpMC (KpyrnaH C HaApC3aMH, C KaTOM, IllTOllii, mrpHl\cllii).
EYf/O'lKa KPYZf/aJ/ C HaOpe3aMu. KYCKH TCCTa nO)J,KaTbIBaIOT B BH.nC
Kpyrnblx 6ynO'lCK H }'KJ1a)J.bIBaIOT Ha nHCTbI 1lID0M BHH3, 3aTCM HanpannmoT
lIa paccIoHKY. DcpcA oTAcnKoH lIa nOBCpXHOCTII Ii3Aclliiii AcnaJOT Hcrny60-
KHC Ha.n;pc3bI, oopa3YlOllUic KOCyro KIICTKY. 3aTcM nOKpbIBalOT HHl\OM WIH
HH'!HOH cMa3KoH Ii oIAcnbIBaJOT OPCXOM H caxapHhIM neCKOM.
E;'f/O'lKa C 14yKaTOM. KYCKJi TCCTa nOAKaTblBaIOT, ;3aTCM cKanKoH pacKa-
TbID810T D KpyrJIbIe ncnCIllKH, yKJIa,LJ:bIBalOI Ha JIHCTbl, cncrKa npH)l(JiM810T
na;::J:OHblO H HanpaBnmoT Ha pacCToiiKy. DcpcA OTncnKoH Ha nOBCpXHOCTII
AcnaIOT Hcmy601<I1C Ha)J.PC3bl, 06paJYlDll.\HC KOCYIO KJICTKY. 3aTcM nOKpbl-
BalOT JlHU;OM IIllii Jlli1JHOH CM1i3KOM, 3aTCM YKpaIIJalOT pHC}'HKOM H3 Ka-
TOB H oTAenbIBalOT 0PCXOM H caxapHblM neCKOM.
11ITOf/U. KYCK11 TeCTa nOAKaTbIBaIOT, 3aTcM nocnc npeJI,BapliTCnbHOH
paccTOHKH (2-3 MJm) pacKaTbrnalOT CKanKOH B ncnelllKY OBaJIbHOH <pOPHbl.
Cep }J.lmy JICnCIUK!i paCKaTb!DalOT TOHhllie, 1JCM KpaH. DOBCpXHOCTb nono-
260
261
BHHbI nCnCIlIKH CMa3bIBaIOT paCTOnneHHblM MaCnOM, nocne 'lero ncnCIlIKY
CKnappIBaWT Bp;Boe C TaKMM paC'leTOM, 'lT06bl BepXIDdi yrOnll.\CHHbIH KOHCU
ncneIlIKH HC nOKpblBan HH)KHIDf npHMCpHO 1,5-2 CM. OKono yromucHHOU
'laCTH C<pOpMOBaHHOC H3P;CIDIC npHMHHaeTCfI CBCPXY CKanKOH. TIocrrc pac-
CTOUKM 1i3JJ;CIDIfi nOKpbIBaWT ID1:UOM lUIH fIJI'lHOH CMa3KoiL Bbme4KY H3JJ;C-
nHH npOH3BOP,HT npH TeMncpaType 210-220° C B TC'leHllC 18-20 MHH. TIocrrc
BbmC'lKH nOBepXHOCTb OCTbIBlilliX H3p;emrn OTp;enbIBaWT nOM3Aou.
lIITpu 14enu. KYCKH TCCTa nOp,Ka TbIBaWT H nocrrc npeP;BapliTenbHOH pac-
CTOHKM (1,5-2 MHH) <POPMYWT B BHP;C 6aToHa co cnerKa 3aoCTpCHHbIMH
KOHUaMH. B npoucccc paccTpoHKli Ha nOBepXHocIH H3P;CIDIU HaHOCflT KOCbIe
Hap;pc3bI. DOBepxHocTb H3JJ;eIDIH nOKpbIBaIOT ID1:UOM rum fIJI'lHOH cMa3Kou
H OTp;CllbIBaWT JJ;p06ncHbIM 0PCXOM If caxapHbIM neCKOM.
PaccTouKY 6ynO'lCK rpa)!()J;aHCKHX (6yrrO'lCK KpyrnbIX C Ha,I:\pe3aMH,
6ynO'lCK C U}'KaTOM, IlITorrcu, IlIrpHuencH) npOH3BOp,HT Ha IDICTax B Te'le-
HllC 11 0-120 MHH.
Bbme'lKY H3JJ;eIDIH npOH3BOp,HT B TC'leHllC 18-20 MHH npH TCMncpaTYpc
210-230° C.
DpH McxaHll3HpOBaHHOU Bblpa60TKc 6yn04KH rpIDKJJ;aHcKHc MorYT
BbmYCKaTbCfI O)J,HOH-p,BYX pa3HOBHI1.HOCTCU B BliJJ;C IlITPHucrrcu rum 6ynO'lCK
KpyrllbIX C H3ApC3aMH.
COo6a 06b1KHo6eHHaJI. TCCTOBblC 3arOTOBKH nocrre oKpyrncHllfi If
nOp,KaTKH nop;BcpraWT npCp,BapHTcnbHOU paccTouKC (2-5 MHH), a 3aTeM
npliJJ;aIOT HM Hy)KHyw <POPMY B 3aBHCHMOCIH OT BHp;a H3p;CIDIU. PacKaTKY
npoH3BoP;flT CKaJIKOU, WIfi YCKOPCHllfi HHorp;a pacKaTblBaIOT cpa3Y p;o BOCb-
MH KYCKOB.
PaCCTOHKY OCYII.\CCTBnmoT Ha IDICTax, npOP;On)!(HTCnbHOCTb paccTouKH
100-120 MHH. ,IJ,rrfl BH)J;OB CP;06bl C 60nblilliM KOIDI'lCCTBOM crrOCB TccTa,
'lT06bI crrOH HC CmrnanHCb H BO H36c)!(aHHC nonY'lCHllfi H3p;cmrn 6e3 BbIpa-
)!(CHHOrO pHc}'HKa, paccToHKa Tpc6YCTCfI MCHbIIIafi (50-70 MHH).
HH)!(c npHBcp;cHbI npHcMbI pa3JJ;cnKM OTp;cnbHbIX BHP;OB 06bIKHOBCIDIOU
Cp;06bI.
flmoUlKa. OrBcIlIcIDIbIC KYCKM TCCTa 6cpyr 06CHMH PYKaMH H crrcrKa
npoKaTblBawT Ha npoMacneHHoM CTonc. 3aTcM KYCOK TCCTa pacKaTblBaIOT
B npop;onroBaTYw ncncIlIKY, KOTOpyIO cncrKa CMa3bIBaIOT MacrroM. ncncIlIKY
CKaTbIBaIOT no )J)IHHc, 06pa3YfI crrolfcTbm )!(ryrHK TeCTa. }l(rYTHK ncpcrH6a-
lOT nononaM, KOHUbI cro HaKna.z:u,IBaWT O)J,HH Ha p;pyrou If CKpCIIJImoT. 3aTCM,
npHp;Cp>KHBafi KOHUbI )KJ"yra, pa3pC3aIOT ero Ha P;BC 'laCIH, OCTaBnIDI Hcpa3-
pC3aHI-IbIMH KOHUbI (1,5-2 CM). TIpH YKn3AKC Ha IDICT nnwIlIKY pa3BOpa'lli-
BaIOT B 06c CTOpOHbI no JIli1llili: pa3pc3a.
IInWIlIKH H3roToBnmoT If p;pyrOH <pOpMbI: p;enaWT He 0p;ID1 pa3pe3
)!(ryTa, a p,Ba lUill TPH, npli YKnaJJ;Ke Ha nHCT non)"laCTCfI TPH rum 'leTblpe
cnOHCTbIX ncnCCTKa. J],enaIOT TaK)!(e IIJIWIlIKY oKpyrnoH <P0PMbI, T. e. KOHUbI
:>KrYIHKa TeCTa He CKpCIDIflWT, a nocne H3ApC30B cpa3Y pa3BOpa'lliBaIOT
B <PHrypKY oKpyrnou <pOpMbI. Pa3p;enaHHbIC IIJIIOIliKH YKna,I:\bIBaIOT Ha
nHCTbI, r.Ma3aIDIbIe paCIHTenbHbIM MacnOM, H CraBflT Ha paCCTOUKY.
YCTPU14bl. KYCKY TCCTa MaCCOU 1,5-2,0 KI' PyKaMH npHp;awT npop;onro-
BaTYIO <POPMY C poBI-IbIMH TynblMH KpaHMH H pacKaTbIBaIOT CKallKOU B
umpoKliH npOP;OnrOBaTbm 'lCTbIpcxyronbHbIH cnOH TOnll.\HHOH 0,5 CM. Doc-
ne pacKaTKH cnOH TeCTa no KpaHM BblpaBllliBaIOT, cncrKa CMa3bIBalOT XOPO-
IlIO pacronnCIDIbIM MacrroM. 3aTeM OT npOTHBOnOnO:>KHOrO KOHua Ha ce6H
3aKaTbIBaWT cnou TCCTa C TaKHM paC'lCTOM, 'lT06bl 06pa30BallOCb 8-10 BlfT-
KOB HanoP;06Hc PyncTa. Do OKOH'laHIDI 3aKaTKM non)"lalOT WIHIDIblH )KJ"yr
crroHCToro TCCTa. Ero ncpCBOpa'lliBaIOT 1llB0M BHH3 H BblpaBHIlBalOT ncr-
KliM paCTflrHBalilICM TaK, 'lT06bl TOml.{liHa :>KrYTa 6bma OP;HHaKOBOH no BCCU
JJ;IDIHC. KOHII;bI )KJ"yra oTpc3awT HO)!(OM H OTKn3AbIBaIOT B 0611.\ee TCCTO.
3arcM OT :>KrYTa orpc3aIOT paBHbIC KYCKH TCCTa p,rrfl <pOpMOBKH H3JJ;cnIrii.
DpOJJ;OnroBaTYIO YCTPHUY <pOpM)'lOT TOHKOH CKanO'lKOH nYTCM npop;aB-
nHBaHlifi nocpc)J.HHc TCCTOBOH 3arOTOBKH. B MOMCHT npoJJ;aBnHBaHHfI BCpX-
HHe cnOH TCCTa OTBOpa'lliBaIOTCfI KBepxy, a cpcl1.Hlie H Illi)!(}{HC BbIABHraIOTCH
B CTOPOHY.
CnHpallbHyw YCTPliUY <POPMYWT B Bl1,!J.e cIDIpanbKH H KOHCU crrnpanb-
Kli nOJJ;KJIa.z:u,IBaIOr nOJJ; CepC)J,HHY KycO'lKa.
<l>HrypH}'IO YCTPHUY <POPMYIOT, KaK cnlipanbHYIO, p;ononHllTcnbHO p;cnaH
H3ApC3 HO:>KOM, KaK npH pa3pc3e IUllOIlIKH, npH YKnap;Kc Ha IDICT pa3Bopa-
'lHBaIOT no H3ApC3y, nonY'laIOT <plirypHyw YCTPHUY B p,Be, TPH, 'lCTbIpC CIDI-
panbKH, COC)J.HHCHHbIC BMCCTe.
Kpy"eHble U30enUR. KYCOK TCCTa pacKaTbIBaIOT, CMa3blBaIOT MacnOM
If Hap;pe3aIOT nonocaMH. TIonocbl CKaTblBaIOT B )KJ"YTHKM, li3 OTOpblX p;enaIOT
pa3JIWlHbie BH.In>1 H3P;CIDIH: IIJIeTeHKY, Kp)"lCHKY, BCH3enb.
IIneTeHKa. 113 nonOBHHbI )KJ"YTa 06pa3YIOT npoJJ;onroBaToe KonbUO, oc-
TaBlilliHCfI KOHCU 3aKpY'lliBaIOT H 3aKpeWIflIOT Ha npoTlfBOnOnO:>KHOM KOHue
Konbua.
Kpy"eHKa. KOHII;bI )KJ"yra 3aKp}"-lliBawT 06CHMH PYKaMli HaBCTpC'lY
O)J,HH p;pyrOMY B BliP;C 3aBHTKa.
BeH3enb. 06a KOHua )KJ"yTHKa 3aKp}"-lliBa1OT 06cHMH PYKaMH B npo-
THBOnOnO:>KHbIC CTOpOHbl.
Dcpcp; nOca)J,KoH B nc'lb H3JJ;enHH nOKpblBaIOT ID1:UOM lUIH flH'lHOll CMa3-
KOU.
DpOp;OJDKHTCnbHOCTb Bbme'lKH 12-16 MHH nplf TCMncpaTypc 200-
220° C.
Cp;o6y BLl6oprcKyro Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT HCCKOllbKHX pa3HoBl1,!J.HOCTCH.
JIeneUlKa C HallUHKOU. TIoP;KaTaHHbrn KYCOK TCCTa nocne npeP;BapHTcnb-
HOU paCCTOUKH (3-5 MHH) paCKaTbIBaIOT B npoJJ;onroBaT}'IO ncnCIlIKY C YTOn-
II.\CHlleM Ha )J,Byx npoTHBOnOnO:>KHbIX KOHUax. Kpafl nenCIliKH CMa3blBaIOT
MacnOM. Ha CCpCp;HI-IY ncnCIlIKH Knap,yr HCMHoro nOBH,lVIa lUIH BapcHbfl.
nencIlIKY CKllappIBaIOT nononaM TaK, 'lT06bl yronll.\CHHfI ncrIDI 0p;H0 Ha
p;pyroc, a BapeHbc nonano BI-IYTPb. Docnc 3TOro yronll.\cHllc npH:>KHMaIOT
pyKou H H3p;enHH YKnaP,bIBaIOT Ha nHCT. TIc pcP; noc3AKou B nc'Ib H3P;CJIlUI
nOKpbIBalOT flHUOM lUIH IDi'lHOU cMa3Kou, a BblHYTble H3 ne'lH - rna3HpywT
nOMap;ou.
262
263
Ea60llKa. Ha nenelllKe C Ha'lliHKOU, Cnml<eHHOU Bp;BOe, p;enaIOT ABa Ha,IJ;-
pe3a OT eHTpa K KpaHM, 06pa3YH TaKHM 06pa30M TPR neneCTKa. 3aTeM
cpep;lUm neneCTOK 3arR6alOT Ha nponmononoJKHylO CTOpOHy nenelliKH.
ra/lcTyK. Ha nenelliKe C Ha'IHHKOU, CnO)l(eHHOU BABOe, OT ueHTpa K
KpaHM p;enaIOT TPR Ha,IJ;pe3a, a B cepeJ];liHe nonyqaeTCH ABa neneCTKa. TIe-
neCTOK C npaBOU _CTOpOHbl 3arR6alOT HaneBO K npOTHBonOnO)l(}-lOMY KpalO,
neneCTOK C neBOR CTOpOHbl - HaIIpaBO. KOHI.{bI 3aKpennmoT HaAaBnRBa-
HReM naJIbuaMH. 3aTeM Ha nmurn: neperR6a AenalOT ABa Ha,IJ;pe3a, nony-
tIaJOT B cepeJ];liHe oAIDI neneCTOK, KOTOpblH 3arR6aIOT Ha npOTHBonOnO)l(}-lYIO
CTOpOHy.
Me06eJICbJl /lanKa. Ha nenelllKe C Ha'llHKOU, CnO)l(eHHOU BABoe, C neBOU
CTOpOHbI OT eHlpa K KpaIO AenaIOT OAHH Ha,IJ;pe3, nonyqaeTcH nenecToK,
KOTopbrn CKaTblBaIOT B )l([YTRK R CBepTbffiaIOT 3aBHTKOM, no q,opMe HaIIOMH-
HaIOll.\HM corH)'Tyro Mep,Be)l(b1O naIIKY. Ha OCTaJIbHOU qaCTIi nenelliKH AemllOT
'leTbIpe Ha,IJ;pe3a OT eHTpa K KpalO.
llUpOJ/COK C 3y611uKaMU. TIenelliKY C Ha'IHHKOU, cnO)l(eHHYIO nononaM,
Ha,IJ;pe3aIOT no KpaHM, nony'lalOT 3y6'1HKH, KOTopbIe npR YKJIa,IJ;Ke Ha IDICTbI
HeCKonbKO pa3ABHTaIOT.
llUpOJICOK TpeXpJlOHblU C 3y6'IUKaMU. Ha npOAonrOBaTYIO nenelliKY
HaKJIaAbiBaIOT Ha'1HHKY, a 3aTeM nenelllKY Ha,IJ;pe3alOT OT cepeARHbI K KpalO.
OARY cnerKa paCTHHYTYIO nonocy Ha,IJ;pe3aHHOU nenelliKH 3arH6aIOT Ha npo-
nmononO)!(Hyro CTOpOHy, Apyryro B TaKOM )I(e nopH,D;Ke 3arR6alOT R yKna,IJ;bI-
BaIOT Ha nepBYIO nonocy, B pe3ynbTaTe nonyqaeTcH TPR pHp;a, KpaH KOTOpbIX
Hape3aJOT 3y6'lHKaMR.
llUpoJICOK C 06YMJI Kpbl/lblUlKaMU. TIenelliKY C Ha'lliHKOU HaApe3aIOT TaK
)I(e, KaK R B npeAb1)J;ymeM cnyqae. 06a KpbUIbllllKa 3arR6aIoT Ha nponmono-
nO)l(}-lyro CTOPOHY R 3a.KpennHIOT Ha HeKOTopOM paccToroum Apyr OT Apyra.
EaHTUK. TIpoAonrOBaTYIO nenelllKY C Ha'lHHKOU CKnaAbiBaIOT nononaM H
pa3pe3aJOT nocpeAIDIe, 3aTeM OARY nonOBHHY nepeBepTbiBaIOT.
KpY2/1QJl 6Y/lOliKa C n06UO/lOM Ha n06epXHOCTU, OTOe.naHHQJl KpOUlKOU
u caxapHOU nyiJpou. OKpyrneHHble KyCKH TeCTa 06MaKHBaIOT B paCTonneH-
Hoe Macno, 3aTeM B KPOlliKY R YKJIaAbffialOT Ha IDICT AJ1H paCCTOUKH. TIpH-
MepHO B cepeAIDIe paCCTOUKH Ha nOBepXHOCTH 6ynO'leK AenalOT yrny6neHHe,
KOTopoe 3aIIOID!ffiOT nOBH,IJ,JIOM.
r:1>uZypHble /leneUlKU. OTBellIeHHbIe KYCKII TeCTa 3aKaTbIBaIOT B llIa-
PRKR. TIocne npep,BapRTenbHOU paCCTOUKII RX paCKaTbIBaIOT B nenelliKH.
TIenelllKll C Ha'lHHKOU YKJIaAbiBaIOT Ha IDICTbI R 'lepe3 5-10 MIIH pacCTouKH
AenalOT BHyrpR (1 CM OT KpaeB) TpR npope3a HaCKB03b.
1-13 nenelllKR 113rOTOBnffiOT pa3Jllil!HbIe q,RrypHbIe 113AeIDIH: Ha nenelllKe
p;eJIalOT HO)l(OM ABa pa3pe3a, AoxoAHll.\He 11.0 cepeAIDIbI R OTp;enHIOUUIe nO'lTIi
TpeTb ee, MelIbrnylO 'laCTh cnerKa CMa3biBaIOT MaCnOM II OTBOpa'lliBaJOT Ha
Hepa3pe3aHHyro qaCTb, npll YKna}J,Ke Ha IDICT Ha,IJ;pe33HHbIe nenellIKR c6Jm:-
)l(aIOTCH; nonoBIffiY nenellIKR cnerKa cMa3biBalOT MacnOM II Ha Hee nepeBo-
pa.'1HBaIOT HecMa3aHHyro 'laCTb, 3aTeM OT nonyKpyra nenelliKII B cepep;RHe
AenalOT HaApe3 HO)l(OM Ha paccToIDIIlli 1,5 CM 11.0 npHMou CTOpOHbI. TIpll
yKJIap;Ke Ha IDICT q,RryPY pa3BOpa'lliBalOT no HaApe3Y B npoTIiBOnOnO)l(}-lbIe
CTOpOHbI. TIepep; nocaAKou B ne'lb nenelllKlI He CMa3bIBaIOT, a npR BbleMKe 113
ne'1H nOCbInaIOT caxapHou nYAPOU.
Coo6a, OTOe/laHHQJl PUCYHKOM U3 3a6apHOZO TeCTa. TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKII
Oq,OpMJIffiOT B BRAe KpyrnbIx IUill npoAonrOBaTbIX 6ynO'leK C Ha'1HHKOU.
TIocne paCCTORKJi RX CMa3bffiaIOT HH OM IDIII HlltffiOH CMa3KOH II Ha nOBepx-
HOCTb HaHOCHT pRC}'HOK R3 3aBapHoro TeCTa.
TIpoAon)l(lUenbHocTh paccTOuKH Bcex pa3HoBJIAHoCTeU CP;06bI BbI60prc-
KOH AO 120 MHH. BbIneKaIOT R3p;eJIIDI Ha IDICTax. TIpoAOnJKliTenbHOcTb Bbl-
ne'lKII 14-18 MHH npR TeMneparype 200-220° C.
OTp;enbffiaIOT R3p;emm caxapHbIM neCKOM, nYAPou, nOMap;oH, KpOllI-
KOH, BapeHbeM IDIR nOBH,IJ,JIOM, KpeMoM.
Pacnpep;eneHHe CblpbH AJ1H npRroToBneHHH OTAenO'llibIX nony4>a6pRKa-
TOB npoM3Bo}J,HT B COOTBeTCTBHII C npo eHTHblM COOTHOllIeHlleM BbIpa-
6aTbiBaeMbIX R3p;emm.
BynotIKa C} 06H8JI C DOM8AOA. TIocne oKpyrneHliH TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKII
YKJIaAbIBalOT Ha nllCTbI C paccTOHHlleM Me)JQ:W HIIMII 1-2 CM. TIpoAOnJKli-
TenbHOCTb paccTouKII 80-100 MHH.
TIe peA noca}J,KoH B ne'lI> nOBepXHocTb 3arOTOBOK nOKpbiBaIOT HU OM HTIII
HWlHOU CMa3KoH. TIpoP;OJDKliTeJlbHOCTb Bbme'lKll IJ)IH H3AeIDIu Maccou
0,05 Kr - 18-25 MHH, Maccou 0,1 Kr - 25-30 MHH npR TeMnepaType 170-
180° C.
TIoBepXHocTb rOTOBblX 6ynO'leK B TennOM COCTOHl}Illi oTAenbIBaIOT
nOMap;ou.
OpHeHTIipOBO'llibIU pacxoA nOMa,IJ;b1 Ha oAR)' 6yno'lKY MaccoH 0,05 Kr
5,7 r, Maccou 0,1 Kr - 11,0 r. KoIDI'leCTBO nOMa,IJ;b1 Ha OARY llITYKY pacc'1H-
TbIBaIOT B 3aBRCRMOCrn OT MaCCbl H3p;eJlliU II KOIDI'leCTBa 113p;emm, nonyqae-
MbIX 113100 Kr M)'KR.
BaTpyun<H cp;o6HLle C TBoporoM. )];IH BaTpyrnKR Maccou 0,1 Kr 6epyr
KYCOK TeCTa MaCCOH npllMepHo 65-70 r II Ha'llHKY 45-48 r. OTBellIeHHbIe
KYCKR TeCTa nOP.KaTbiBaIOT, YKJIa,IJ;bIBaIOT Ha nRCTbI H HanpaBJIHIOT Ha pac-
CTOUKY. TIpop;OmIGlTenbHOCTb paccTouKH 100-120 MIIH. Ha paccToHBlllliXCH
3arOTOBKax cneI.{HaJIbHbIM neCTIlKOM p;eJIaIOT yrny6neHIIH AJ1H Ha'lliHKR.
TBopor AJIH Ha'lHHKR npep,BapHTeJIbHO nponipaIOT 'lepe3 CIITO, 3aTeM
CMelllliBaIOT C caxapoM, mh.\aMH H Ba:mumHOM p;o nony'leHIIH OAROPO}J,HOU
MaCCbI. B 3aBRcRMocrn OT Ka'leCTBa TBopora pa3pernaeTcH npM BbIpa60TKe
CP;06HOU BaTpylllK1I C TBoporoM Ha KOMTIJIeKCHO-MeXaHH3MpOBaHHOU IDI-
HIlli XJIB 'laCTb M)'KII (1-3%) OT 06IUero KOJlli'1eCTBa no peuemype BHOCIITb
B Ha'lliHKY.
3aTeM nOBepXHocTb TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK nOKpbIBaIOT Hii: OM HTIII
HWlHOH cMa3Kou, B yrny6neHHe HaK.JIa,IJ;bIBaIOT TBOpO)l(}-lyro Ha'lllHKY, nocne
'lero R3p;emm p;onomllnenbHO nOKpbiBaIOT HUIJ;OM IDIR HHtffiOH CMa3KOU M
P;aIOT MM p;ononHIuenbHyro paccTouKY B Te'leHlle 10-20 MHH.
BbIne'lKY BarpyllieK npoH3Bo}J,HT B Te'leHHe 14-18 MIIH npH TeMnepary-
pe 200-240° C.
265
264
KpeH eJIL Bw6oprcIOdt TIpH PY'lHOM cnoc06e pa3p;enKH TeCTO p;emn
Ha KYCKH MaceoH 2-3 K1'. TIocne 5-1O-MRHYTHoH OTJIe>KKH HX pacKaTbiBaJOT
B WIaCT TonIIUIHoH 2,5-3 CM, nOBepXHOCTb KOToporo CMa3bIBaJOT MacnOM
H CKnaJ];bIBaJOT B 3 cnOH, 3aTeM pe)l(}'T Ha nonocKH, KOTopbIe cnerKa pac-
THrHBaJOT B JKrYT H npH,!J;aJOT HM 4>opM}' KpeH,!J;enH.
TIpH MauunmoH pa3p;enKe KYCKH TeCTa H3 p;ellHTenH nOC1}'IIaJOT B 3aKa-
TO'IH)'I{) Maunmy, nocne 'lero nonY'lelilibie >KrYTHKH paCKaTbIBaKJT H npH,!J;aJOT
8M 4>opMY KpeH,!J;eJIH.
TeCTOBbie 3arOTOBKH YKJIa,rJ;bIBaJOT l1JIH paCCTOHKH Ha nHCTbi. TIpop;on-
)l(}fTeJThHOCTb paCCTOHKH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ycnoBHH H MaCCbI 60-120 MHH.
Bbme'lKy H3p;eJIHH MaCCOH 0,1 Kl' npoH3BoP;HT B Te'leHHe 13-15 MHH,
MaCCOH 0,5 Kl' - 18-20 MRH npH TeMIIeparype 21O-230°C.
Oxna)K,lJ,emlble H3p;eJIHH OTp;enbIBaKJT nOMap;oH. Pacxop; nOMaAbI Ha
O)J;HO H3p;eJIHe paCC'lliTbmaeTCH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT MaCCbI H KOJIH'leCTBa"
H3p;eJIHH, nonyqeHHblX H3 100 Kl' M}'KH.
Cp;06a BLI60prCKaH r}>JfI'ypHaH. OT 06mero KOJIH'leCTBa TeCTa OTp;enHIOT
KyCOK MaCCOH 1-2 Kl', KOTOpbm CKaThIBaKJT B JKrYT H p;enHT Ha KYCKH
onpep;eneHHoH MaCCbI. OTBellIeHHble KYCKH no.ru<aTblBaJOT H OCTa.BnHKJT
npHMepHo Ha 5 MlIH J1,JIH npe)J,BapHTenbHoH paccTOHKH, a 3aTeM 4>opM}'KJT
13 BH,!J;e pa3nJi1lHblX 4>Hryp - 3aHueB, pbI6, Kypo'leK, ne6ep;eH, nOllIa,rJ;eH
Hp;p.
HH>Ke OnHCaHbI npHeMbI pa3p;enKH OTp;enbHbIX BH,!J;OB CP;06bI.
3aJil/. TIOP.KaTaHHbm KYCOK TeCTa CKaJIKOH paCKaTbIBaKJT B OBaJIbHyIO
nenellIKy. Bp;onb BepXHero KPaH nenellIKH cneBa Ha paCCTomnm npHMepHo
2 CM p;enalOT ABa Hap;pe3a J1,JIH ymeH. TIop; ymaMR p;enaJOT HaKJIOHHbIH Ha,rJ;.
pe3. HH:>KHHH KycO'leK Ha,rJ;pe3alilloro TeCTa 3arH6aKJT nop; TynoBHme, 06pa-
3YH ronOBKY. CneBa HallpaBO B HH)l(}feH 'laCTH nenelI.IIGl (TynOBHll.\a) p;enaJOT
npop;onbHbrn pa3pe3. TIepneH,!J;HKynHpHO eM}' BHH3 OT npop;onbHoro pa3pe-
3a nocepeAHHe nenellIKH p;enalOT nOnepe'lHbIH pa3pe3, 3aTeM HeMHoro OITH-
rHBalOT OAR)' 'laCTb pa3pe3aHHOrO TeCTa BneBO, BnpaBO - BTOpyro. Ha OITH-
HyrblX KYCKax TeCTa p;enaJOT no OP;HOM}' Ha,rJ;pe3Y. TaKHM 06pa30M nonY'la-
IOTCH neperorn:e H 3a.n,HHe HorH 3aH a. 3aTeM, OITHTHBaH KOHe npaBOH 'laC-
TH TynoBHma, Ha,rJ;pe3aJOT He60nbllIoH XBOCT. )J.rIH H306pIDKeHHH rna3a npHMe-
HHeTCH H3KJM.
Pbl6a. TIOAKaTaHHbIH KYCOK TeCTa 6epYT B 06e P}'KH, npH'leM B neBOH
PYKe HaXO,[LHTCH 60nbllIaH 'laCTb TeCTa. 06eHMR PYKaMR OAHOBpeMeliliO
no.ru<aTblBaroT KYCOK TeCTa: neBOH - TynoBHme H ronOBY pbI6bI (KYCOK
TeCTa B Ko e CY)KHBaeTCH), npaBOH - XBOCT B BHp;e He60nbllIoro KPY)I(O'l-
Ka (npHMepHo 2/5 OT Bcero KYCKa TeCTa). TecTO paCKaThIBaJOT CKaJIKOH
H nonY'laeTCH 4>opMa pbI6bI. XBOCT pa3pe3aJOT nononaM. KOCbIM Herny60-
I<HM Hap;pe30M cBepxy BHH3 pa3rpaIill'IHBaJOT ronoBY OT rynOBHll.\a. B ronOB-
HOH 'lacm p;enaJOT He60nbllIoH Ha,rJ;pe3 pTa. )J.rIH 06pa30BaIillH BepXHero
ruIaBHHKa CIlHHKY OT ronoBbI P;O XBOCTa 'laCTO Ha,rJ;pe3aIOT cneBa HallpaBO.
TInaBHHKli Hap;pe3aKJT TalOKe H Ha HH)I(}{eH 'laCTH TynoBHma. ,1J,JuI H306pa)I(C-
HHH rna3a npHMeHHeTCH H3IOM.
JIe6eOb. TIOP.KaTaHHbIH KYCOK TeCTa 6epYT B neBYKJ PYKY, a npaBOH
B :no )l(e BpeMH OTKaTbIBaIOT H3 06mero KYCKa TeCTa ronOBY H llIelO ne-
6eAH npHMepHo 1/5 KYCKa. Y ronOBKH OTKaTblBalOT HOCHK. KYCOK TeCTa,
HaxO)J;}!BlllliHCH paHee B neBOH p}'Ke, npOKaTbIBaKJT CKaJIKOH, B pe3ynbTaTe
'lero nonyqaeTcH TynoBHme ne6e)J;H. B HH:>KHeH 'lacm TynOBHll.{a cnpaBO Ha-
neBO p;enaKJT HaApe3 JJ,J1H Kpbma. Kpbmo HaKJIa,ru,IBaJOT Ha rynoBHll(e H p;e-
naIOT Ha HeM 'laCTbIe Herny60KHe Ha,rJ;pe3bI p;nH 06pa30BaHHH nepblllIeK.
neBOH PYKOH TynoBHll(e ne6eAH KJIa,rJ;yr Ha nHCT, npaBOH P}'KOH YKJIa,ru,IBaIOT
ronOBY H llIeKJ B BH,!J;e ne6e)J;}!I-IOH. )J.rIH H306pa)l(eHHH rna3a npHMeHHIOT
H3KJM.
KypoII Ka. TIop;KaTalillbIH KYCOK TeCTa 6epYT B 06e PYKH H oAHoBpeMeH-
HO OTKaTbIBaIOT OT Hero ronOBY (npHMepHo 1/6 KycKa) H XBOCT (npHMep-
HO 1/3 KycKa) B BH,!J;e KPY)I(O'lKOB. OCTaBllIaHcH 60nbllIaH 'laCTb TeCTa 06pa-
3yeT IynoBHll(e KYp0'lKH. OT ronOBbI OTKaThIBaIOT He60nbllIoH HOCHK. Ty-
nOBHll(e H XBOCT npOKaTbIBaIOT CKaJIKOH. XBOCT Ha,a;pe3aKJT HO)l(OM, 06pa3YH
'leThIpe-nHTb nepbIllIeK. Ha TynoBHll(e p;enaKJT Herny60KHe Ha,a;pe3bI B BHp;e
Kpbma. Bepx ronOBbI Hap;pe3alOT B BH,!J;e He60nbllIoro rpe6ellIKa. )J.rIH 06pa-
30BaIillH rna3a npHMeHHIOT H3KJM.
C4>opMOBaHHbIe 3arOTOBKH YKJIa,lJ,bIBaJOT Ha JIHCTbi JJ,J1H paCCTOHKH,
KOTOpaH npop;On)l(aeTCH 60-120 MRH. TIepep; Bbme'lKOH H3AenHH nOKpbIBa-
lOT HH OM HJIH HH'IHOH CMa3KOH.
Bbme'lKY npOH3BOP;HT npH TeMTIeparype 215-230° C B Te'leHHe 9-16
MHH H3p;eJIHH MaccoH 0,05-0,1 Kr H 18-25 MIDI - 0,5 Kr.
OTAenbIBaIOT H3p;enHH caxapHoH nYApoH, nOMa,rJ;oH.
fOTOBbie H3p;emrn YKJIaJ];bIBaKJT B nOT OK B OIJ,HH pHp;.
Ib eJIWI xne606yno'lHbie cnoeHLle
113p;enHH cnoeHble Bblpa6aTbIBaKJT no fOCT 9511-80 83 nllIeHH'IHoii
MYKH BbICllIero copTa.
113p;emrn cnoeHble npep;CTaBnHKJT C060H llIT}"JHbie H3p;eJIHH H3 CP;06HO-
ro cnoeHoro TeCTa, CMa3aHHbIe IDI: OM, OTp;enaHHbIe caxapHOH nYP;pOH lUll!
CP;06HOH KpOllIKOH, p;p06neHbiM opeXOM.
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cnoHKa p;eTCKaH MaCCOH 0,07 Kr;
cnOHKa KOH)J;}!TepCKaH MaccoH 0,1 Kr;
cnoiiK8 CBepJJ,J10BCKaH MaCCOH 0,1 Kr;
KOHBepTHK CnOeHbm C nOBH,!J;JIOM MaCCOH 0,074 Kr;
TecTo PJIH H3p;eJIHH xne606ynO'lHbIX cnoeHbIX rOTOBHT onapHbIM H P;py-
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'IacTb npH6JIH3HTenbHo.40% H }].Be no 30%.
TIpou;ecc cnoeHHH nepBoll 'IaCTH MaprapHHa npoIl3BoJJ;HT BbIllle. onH-
CaHHbIM cnoc060M. TIOJIyqeHHbm KYCOK TeCTa paCKaTbIBalOT B npHMoyronb-
Hyro neneIIIKY, Ha nonOBHHY KOTOpOll }'KJIaJJ;bIBaIOT MenKHMH KYCO'lKaMH
BTOpyro 'IaCTb MaprapRHa, npoH3BOJJ;HT BCnbVIHBaHHe nenelllKlf MYKOll H
3aKpbIBalOT CB060J];HbIM KpaeM TeCTa. KpaH ee. coelJ,I1HHJOT H TIIJ;aTeJIbHO
3aI.l\IlnbIBaIOT. 3aTeM CnO)l(eHHbm KYCOK cnoeHoro TeCTa paCKaTbIBaIOT
Tpenrn pa3 TaK)I(e B npHMoyronbHyIO nenelllKY. Ha OJ];HY ee nonoBHHy YKJ1a-
JJ;bIBaIOT MenKHMH K.ycO'lKaMK TpeTblO 'IaCTb MaprapHHa H 3aKpbmaIOI
CBo60p,Holl OT MaprapHHa nonoBHHoll, KpaH 3aIl\IDIbIBaIOT. TIonyqeHHoe
TeCTO BHOBb paCKaTbmaIOT B nenelllKY, CKnaJJ;bIBaIOT B}].Boe, paCKaTbIBalOT,
CHOBa CKJJ3JJ;bmaIOT B}].Boe. TIpocnoeHoe TeCTO YKJ13JJ;bIBaIOT Ha JlliCTbI H OC-
nummoT Ha 40-60 MlIH B ycnoBHHX u;exa.
PaCKaTbIBaeMoe TeCTO JJ;nH cnOllKlf CBepMoBCKOll B npou;ecce Bcero
cnoeHRH IICnbillHBaeTCH M)'KOll.
MaprapHH nepeJJ; CJIOeHHeM JJ;on)\\eH 6bITb OXJJ3.iK)J;eH.
KOJIH'IeCTBO Macna cmrnOtIHoro WIH MaprapHHa Ha OAHH KYCOK TeCTa
YCTaHaBJIHBaIOT nponOpIUiOHaJIbHO ero Macce.
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271
OXJ1aJK.D:eHHbIe KYCKH TeCTa CIUlMaIOT C mlCTa H paCKaTblBaIOT B pOB-
Hbm TOHKHH cnou, 3aTeM TeCTO pa3nenbIBaIOT B 3aBHCHMOCTII OT HaHMeHOBa-
HHH H3nenIDI. Maccy TecToBou 3arOTOBKH onpenenmoT HCXOAH H3 YCTaHOB-
neHHou MaCCbI rOTOBoro H3neJIHH, C }"leToM BeJIH'll!HbI yrreKa B ne'll! H ycyru-
KH npH xpaHernlH.
CnOitK3 neTCK3H. PaCKaTaHHblU ruIaCT TeCTa Tom.uHHou 8-10 MM pa3-
pe3aIOT Ha nonOCKH nnHHo 270-280 MM, IlIHpmlOU 25-30 MM. TIonOCKY
TeCTa CKJIa}J;bIBaIOT BABoe. 'oAlm KOHeu cnmKeHHOU nonOCKH npHnep)I(HmUOT,
3 npyrou CB060AlIOU PYKOU nBa)K,!J;bl nepeKpY'llmalOT BOKpyr c06CTBeHHOU
OCH, 06Pa3YH Ha nOBepXHOCTH 3arOTOBKH nBa cmrpanbHblX BHTKa. C<Pop-
MOBaHHbie 3aroToBKH YKJ1aro,ffiaIOT Ha nHCTbI. PaCCTOHHHe Me)K,!J;y 3arOTOB-
KaMH non)!(Ho 6b1Tb npHMepHo 3 CM, 'lT06bl paccToHBIlIHecH 3arOTOBKH He
CJIHTIanHCb Me)K,!J;y c060u. TIponOmlGfTe1lbHOCTb paccTouKH 60-120 MHH.
CnoitKa csepnnOBCK3J1. PaCKaTaHHbIU cnoii TeCTa pa3pe3aIOT Ha nonocbI
urnpHHou 100 MM. Tom.rnlHa nonoc 10-12 MM. aT nonoc oTpe3aIOT KYCKH
TeCTa npHMepHo 110 r H <POpMyIOT B KOHBeprnK - yrnbI KBanpaTJ1Ka coe-
AJlHJIIOT B BH,!J;e KOHBepTHKa HaKpeCT K UeHTpy, O)J;HH Ha npyrou. TIocnen-
HHH yron npH)l(HM3lOT naJIbueM PYKH. C<POpMOBaHHbIe KOHBepTIlKH YKJ1a-
}J;bIBaIOT B TPH pHna Ha JIHCTbI C 6opnn<aMH BBepx IlIBOM Ha 6nH3KoM pac-
CTOJUlliH npyr OT npyra C TaKHM pac'leTOM, 'lT06bl nocne paccTOuKH 60Ka
HX conpHKaCaJIMCb Me>IQ:I;y co60u, 06pa3YH CJIHIIbI. IIHCTbI nomKHbI 6b1Tb CMa.
3aHbI TOHKHM cnoeM MaprapHHa. TIponOn)I(HTenbHOCTh paccTouKH 90-
120 MHH.
KOHBeprHK cnoeHblfi c nOBIf,IUIOM. PaCKaTaHHbIU ruTaCT TeCTa TomUH-
HOU 6-8 MM pa3pe3alOT Ha KBanpaTHKH pS3MepoM npHMepHo 80X80 MM.
Ha Cepe)J;HHy KBanpaTIlKa KJ1anyT OKono 10 r nOBH,!UIa, 3aTeM ABa npoTHBo-
nonmKHbIX yrna 3aBepTbffiaIDT HaBepx H cnerKa cKpennmoT. C<POpMOBaH-
HbIe KOHBepTHKH YKJ1anbffiaIOT Ha JIHCTbl C paCCTOHHHeM Me)K,!J;y 3arOTOB-
KaMH OKono 20 MM. TIponOlI)l(HTenbHOCTb pacCTouKH 50-90 MHH.
TIepen nocap,Kou B ne'll> cnoeHble H3neJIHH CMa3bffialOT HH'lJIOU cMa3Kou,
cnouKY CBep)])IoBcKYIO nOCbITIalOT KpOliIKOU, npHrOTOBneHHou H3 CMeCH
caxapa, MaprapHHa H MYKH, KOHBepTHKH cnoeHble C nOBH,!UIOM nOCbITIaIOT
npo6neHbIM opeXOM.
,IJ,nH npHroToBnellliH OTnenO'lHOu KpOIliKH Ha H3neJIHH H3 100 Kr MyKH
pacxonylOT 3,0 Kr MyKH TIilleHH'lHOU BbICllIero copTa, 3,0 Kr caxapa HI,S Kr
MaprapHHa.
BbITIe'IKY H3nemlli cnoeHbIX npoBOnHT B HeYBnIDKHeHHOU neKapHOu
KaMepe npH TeMneparype 240-280° C B Te'leHHe 13-22 MHH.
fOToBbIe cnoeHbIe H3neJIHH YKJ18}J;bIB3lOT B nOTKH B O)J;HH pHn H nocne
HeKoToporo OCTbIBaHHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT HaHMeHOBaHHH H3nemm OTne1lbI-
B3lOT caxapHou nynpou.
P033H'D'IKll enoemIe c sapemeM
CnoitKa KOH,IJ;HTepcIQUI. TecTo, paCKaTaHHOe B pOBHbIU cnou Tom.rnmou
6-8 MM, p33pe3alOT lIa KBanpaTbI pa3MepoM OKono 85-100 MM, KBanpaTbI C
BapemeM <P0pMylOT B Bll,[J;e KOHBepTHKoB, YKJ1a}J;bIBaIOT Ha nHCT H HanpaB-
nmoT Ha paccTouKY, KBa,a;paTbl C TBOpOrOM <POpMylOT B BH,!J;e KOHBepTIlKOB,
npH YKJ1ap;r<e Ha JIHCT HX nepeBepTbIBalOT, Ha rroBepXHocTH nenaIOT TPH
Hanpe3i1, 3aTeM HlnpmmHlOT Ha paccTouKY. TIponOn)I(HTenbHOCTh paccTOiiKH
120- 150 MHH.
P03aH'lHKH cnoeHbIe C BapeHbeM BbIpa6aTbIBalOT H3 MYKH nllIelUl'lHoH
BbICllIero copTa no OCT 18-133-73 Maceou 0,1 KL
P03aH'll!KH cnoeHbIe C BapemeM npenCTaBnHIOT c060il: KpyrJThIe H3neJIHn,
nOCbITIaHHbIe KpOIliKOU, B ueHTpe OTnelIaHHbIe BapeHbeM.
TecTo rOTOBHT onapHbIM HJlli npyrHMH crroc06aMH, npHHHTbIMH B XJIe60-
ne'leHHH )])In H3nemm H3 IIllIellli'lHOU MyKH (Ta6n. 155).
Ts6nllua 155
EynO'lICl CnoeH81I. PaCKaTaHHbIU cnOH TeCta T01IIUlliIOU 6-8 MM pa3-
pe3aIOT Ha KBanpaTHKH pa3MepOM OKono 78-85 MM 11,JIJI 6yno1leK Maccou
0,05 Kr H 85-100 MM -)])In l5ynO'leK MaCCOU 0,1 Kr. CnoeHoe TecTO <Pop-
M}'IOT He TonbKO B BJlLI:e 6ynO'leK, HO H B Bll,[J;e "p03aH'll!Ka", "KOHBepTHKa"
H "Tpeyr01II>HHKa".
)J;UI npHI'oToBneHHJII p03aH'lJIKa KOHUbI KBanpaTHKa 3aBepTbIBalOT
BHyTPb llIeCTh-ceMb pa3, npH'leM nocne)J,IDlH KOHeu 3aKaTbIBaIOT nerKHM
HIi)KHMOM Ha H3hl'WK. )])IH nOlI}"lellllH rpeyronbllllKa KBaJJ,paTHK CKJ1a}J;bI-
BaJOT BABOe HaCKB03b Ii cnerKa no KpaHM npll,!.!,aBnnnalOT HO)!(OM IDUf nenaIOT
Herny60KHe Hanpe3hI Ha nOBepXHOCTII. KOHBepTIlK - yrnbI KBanpaTHKa
3aKJ18):U.lBaJOT HaKpeCT oA1lH Ha npyrou BO BH)'Tpb KBanpaTa K UeHTPY.
llOCneAHHH yron npDKHMaIOT TIanbIJ;eM PYKH. C<popMOBaHHbIe 6ynO'lKH
CnOeHbIe YKna,r:u,maroT Ha nHCThI C paCCToHHlleM Me)K,!J;y ynO)f(eHHbIMH KY-
CO'lKaMl1 TeCTa 15-20 MM. TIponOn)I(HTeJIbHOCTb paccroil:KH 80-105 MHH.
Pel\emypa II pC)l(JIM npuroToBnCHH11 TeCTa onapHhlM cnOC060M
AJUf p03aJ1'IHKOB cnOCHbIX C BapeHbeM
HaHMeHOBaHHe CbIpbll,
nonY4>aopmcsroB H
nOl<1l3STeJ1eH npoI\ecca
PaCXOA CbIpbJl H napaMeTpbI
np oI\ecca no CTII,!UUIM
onapa
TeCTO
CJ10eHHe
TeCTa, p83-
Acmea H 01'-
ne.m<:a
MYKa IIlI1eHI1'IIfM xne60lIeKapHM Bbicwcro
copTa, Kr
.QpO)lOf{}I xneGolICKapm,Ie IIpeccOBaIlHbIe, Kr
COJib nODapCHHaJI nHll(CDM, KI'
BOlla, Kr
Caxap-nccoK B TecTo, Kr
Caxap-fleCOK I1JI5I npID'OTOBl1CHWI KpOUlKlI,
Kr
50 40
2,5 0,5
0,75
30 no paC'IcTy
12,0
10,0
2,0
272
273
llp0c}o./I1/{(!J/ue ra6.n. 155
Pacxon CbIpHI H nap8MeTpbI
npo ecca no CTII,!UtHM
cnoeHHe
onapa recro rCCTa, PB3-
AenKa H OT-
AeJIKB
30,0
2,0
2,0
100/4,0 100/4,0
17,0
0,025
BC5I
29-30 29-30
180-210 AO CJJOCHlIR IIOCJIC
90-120 CJJOCHlI5I
75-90
3,0-3,5
2,0-2.5
Jbo6HTem.cKHe H3)J;eJIIDI
HallMeHOBaHHe CbIph>l,
nonY4>a6pm<aroB H
nOKa3areneii npo eCCB
Jllo6HTenbCKHe H3)J;enHH BbIpa6aThIBaIOT no rOCT 9713-61 H3 nweHH'l-
HOU M}'KH BbIClliero copTa pa3J1H'lHOU 4>OpMbI Maccou 0,2 H 0.1 Kr. HaJi60-
nee pacnpocTpaHeHHbIMH BH,IJ;aMH JIBnHlOTCH pmKKH, WIeTeHKH, BHThIe H3)J;e-
JIWI, P03aH'lIU<H.
TecTO MO)l(}{O rOTOBHTb OnapHbIM cnoco60M C oTc)J;06KOU. Ha 60nblliOU
rycTou onape rom )J;pyrHMH cnoc06aMH, npHHHTbIMH B XlIe60nc'lCHHlf npH
npoH3Bo)J;crne H3)J;cmrn H3 nllieHH'lHOU MYKH. DpeAIIO'frnTeJIbHbIMH JIBnHlOT-
CH onapHblu H Ha 6onblliou rycTOu onape (Ta6n. 156).
MaCJIo CnHBO'IHOC HeCOl1ClIOC /1lliI CJJOeHlI5I, Kr
MaCJIo CJ1l1BO'IHOe HcconCHOC /1lliI npllrOTOB11e-
HlI5I KpOIllKII, Kr
CaxapHBH nY/1Pa, Kr
JUluo KypHHOC, lliT/Kr
BBpCHbe, Kr
BaIlllnllH, Kr
Onapa, Kr
TeMnepaTypa Ha1laJIbHBSI, 0 C
npOP;OJ1)!(l1TCJlbHOCTb 6PO)l(CHIUI, MlIH
l' a 6 J1111\ a 156
PCl\enTypa II pe)!(llM npllrOTOBneHlI5I TeCTa OnapHbIM cnoC060M
AJUI m0611TeJlbCKIIX 1I3J1,CJlllH
KlICJIOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaR onapbI, rpap;
KlICJIOTHOCTb KOHC'IHM TCCTa, rpap;, HC 60ncc
HallMeHOBaIIHe CbIpbJI, PacxoA CbIpbR H nBpaMe1'pbI npo eCCB
nony4>a6pm<aToB H no CTII,!UtHM
nOKB3BTeneH npo eCCB
onapa
MYKa mneHH'IHaR XJJcGoneKapHBSI BbIClI1erO 55 -60 38-33 5,0 2,0
COpTa,Kr
,IJ,p0)I()I(H xnc60ncKapHblc npeccOBaIITlbIC, Kr 2,0
COJIb nOBapCHHM nllll(CBM, Kr 1,4
BoAa, Kr 30-35 IIO pac'Ic-
TY
Caxap-nccoK, Kr 17,0
Macno cnHBO'IHOe HCCOJ1CHOC, Kr 10,0 3,0
Slfiuo KypHHoe, lI1T/Kr 95/3,8 125/5,0
BaIIlIJIHH, Kr 0,0042
Onapa, Kr BCR
TCMlIepaTYpa Ha1laJIbHBSI, 0 C 28-30 28-32
np0I10J1)1(lITCJlbHOCTb Gp0)l(CHIUI, MHH 210-240 90-120 50-60
KlICJJOTHOCTb KOHC1I1IaH olIapbI, Il'ap; 2,5-3,5
KlICJJOTHOCTb KOHe'IHM TCCTa, rpap;, HC 60ncc 2,5
COOTHOllieHHe M}'KH H )J;p0)lO!(eu B onape H TCCTe MO)!(eT Kone6aThCH B
3aBHCHM OCrn OT Ka'leCTBa M}'KH.
CnOCHHe TeCTa npOH3BO,IJ,HT OnHCaHHbIM BbI1lie cnoc060M C oTne)!(-
KOU ero )J;o CJIOeHHH H nocne cnoeHHH npH TeMlleparype 5 -10° C.
OXlIaJK.D:emme rOTOBoe TeCTO no Mepe HaA06HOCTH 6epeTCH H3 xono)J;-
Horo ;nOMemeHHJI H paCKaTbIBaeTCH B nJIaCT TOJIIJUiHOU 0.6-0.8 CM. 113 no-
nyqeHHoro WIaCTa Hape3alOT KYCKH TeCTa B BHAe KB!lJJ:parnKoB Maccou OKO-
no 100 r H pa3McpoM opHeHrnpOBO'lHO llXll CM.
DpH 4>opMoBKe p03aH'll!KOB KpaH KBa)J;parnKOB 3arH6aIOTCfI npaBOU
PYKOU 'lepe3 6oJIbllIOU nane neBOU PYKH. Bcero )J;enaeTCH 5-6 3arH6oB.
B cepeAHHY p03aH'lHKa nocne npc)J;BapHTeJIbHOU paccTouKH B Te'leHHe
25-30 MIDI Kna)J;yT BapeHbe (oKono 10 r) H mllOT OKOH'laTeJThHYIO pac-
CTOUKY 20-30 MIlli.
Depe)J; nocaro<ou B ne'll> p03aH'll!KH CMa3bIBaKJT IDi: OM H nOCbmaIOT
KpOllIKOH.
Bbme'lKY npoH3BOA1IT Ha JIHCTax B Te'leHHe 13-15 MUH npH TeMneparype
ne'll! 250-260° C.
OCThIBllIHe p03aH'IHKH OT)J;eJIbIBaIOT caxapHou nY)J;pou.
TecTO )J;nH nKJ6HTenbCKHX H3)J;emrn )J;eJIHT MaJIIHHaMH HJIH BP}"lHYIO.
OKpyrneHHble KYCKH TecTa eneco06pa3HO nO)J,BepraTb npe)J;BapHTenb-
HOU paCCTOUKe B Te'leHHe 5 MHH, nocne 'lero Ha'IHHaKJT 4>opMOBKY H3)J;emm.
41>opMOBKY nKJ6HTeJIbCKHX H3)J;cmrn npoH3Bo)J.JIT Ha pacTOnneHHoM
CJIHBO'lHOM Macne, C03AaIOlI.\eM cnOHCTOCTb MHKHllIa.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT BH,IJ;a BbIpa6aThIBaeMbIX mo6HTCJIbCKHX H3JJ;emrn
q,OpMOBKY npoH3Bo)J;HT BPY'lliYKJ HJIH Ha CneWlaJIbHbIX q,OpMOBO'lHbIX Ma-
numax.
POJICKU. DpH P}"IHou q,opMoBKe nOp,KaTaHHbIe KYCKH TeCTa AJIH PO)!(}(OB
CMa3bmaKJT MacnOM H paCKaTbIBaIOT CKaJIKOU no ABa O.u;HOBpeMeHHO B npo-
)J;onrOBaTbIe nonOCKH, KOTopbIe 3aTeM CKaTbIBaIOT B Tpy6o'lKH C TaKHM pac-
'leTOM, 'l'I06bI nonY'llUIOCb n1lTb-llIeCTh BlITKOB, H KOHe nonOCKH npllllIenCJI
Ha BepXHIDKJ 'laCTb Tpy60'lKH. 3aKaTbIBaTb nonocKY TeCTa Ha'IHHaKJT C )J;aJIbHe-
ro Ko a, npH,IJ;ep)!(}fBaH npH :n0!'-1 neBOU P}'KOU KOHe , 6J1H)!(e pacnOnO)!(eH-
274
275
HbIH K ceoo, 6narOp;apH 'leMY Tpy60'lKY nonyqaIDT B cepe}J;lIHe 60nee YTOn-
lUeHHylO, 'leM no KOHI.J;aM. TIpH YKJIaJ],Ke Ha nHCTbi Tpy60'lKaM npHJJ;alOT
4>oPMJ pO>KKOB.
1l6ouHbie pOJ/CKU. TI01J,KaTaHHble KYCKll TeCTa CMa3blBaIDT paCTOIUIeHHbIM
MacnOM H no p;Ba O}J;HOBpeMeHHO paCKaTblBalOT B nonOCKH, KOTopbIe CKa-
TblBalOT B }];Be Tpy60'lKH C nponmononmKHbIX KOHI.J;OB K Cepe}J;liHe C TaKHM
paC'leTOM, 'IT06bI OIm nonY'llUlliCb B cepe}J;llHe T01lll.\e, 'leM no KOHIJ;aM.
TIony'leHHbie JJ;BOHm,Ie Tpy60'lKH npH YKJIa}J;Ke Ha nHCTbI crH6alOT B BHJJ;e
nO,lJ;KOBOK, npH nOM nonY'lalOT JJ;BOfuIylO nop;KOBKY.
EeCK03blpKU. TIO,lJ;KaTaHHbie K)'CKH TeCTa O}J;HOBpeMeHHO no p;Ba paCKa-
TblBaIDT B KpyrJThIe neneUlKH, KOTopbIe cnerKa CMa3bIBaIDT CJIllBO'lHbIM MaC-
nOM. 3aTeM, 3arH6aH PYKOH KpaH paCKaTaHHOH nenellIKli, pe6pOM npaBOH
nap;OInI npHMHHaIDT 3arHyTbrn Kpaii, H, nbCTeneHHO nOBOpa'lliBaH 3arOTOBKY,
p;enaIDT nHTb-llIeCTb 3arn60B, npHMHHaH HX. TIocne :noro 'laCTb TeCTa, npep;-
Ha3Ha'leHHYIO )J)IH nocne}J;Hero 3arH6a, paCKaTbIBaIDT H y6HpaIDT nop; npe-
JJ,bl,1J;yuurH: 3arn6. TIony'laeTCH H3p;eJllle, OTmrIJalOmeeCH no BHelillleMY BHJJ;Y
OT 6yno'lHoro p03aH'lYlKa TeM, 'lTO Ha HeM HeT xapaKTepHoro )J.J1H p03aH'ill-
Ka H3bI'lKa.
P03aHIIUKU. J1I06liTeJThCKHe p03aH'illKH TaK:)Ke, KaK H npOCTbIe, 4>OpM)'lOT
Bpy'lHYIO IIDH Ha cnel.{HaJIbHOH p03aH'illKOBOH MaIIIHHe. C4>OpMOBaHHbIe
H3 eJIHH YKJIaJJ;bmalOT Ha JIllCTbI, CMa3aHHble MaCnOM, H HanpaBnHIOT Ha pac-
CTOHKY. TIpop;omKHTeJIbHOCTb paccTOHKH 60-90 MHH, O HaKO, OHa p;on)!(}la
6bITb TaKOH, 'IT06bI COXpaHHJIaCb peJIbe4>HocTb nOBepXHOCTH H 4>opMa H3p;e-
mill. B npoI.J;ecce paccToHKH li3p;eJIIDI peKoMeHP;YIOT CMa3bIBaTb HH'lHOH CMa3-
KOH 1-2 pa3a.
l13p;eJlllH BbilleKaIDT Ha JIllCTaX B ne'llI 003 napa. TIpop;omKliTenbHOCTb
Bbille'lKH 11-15 MHH npH TeMlIepaType neKapHoH KaMepbI 200-220°C.
l' a 6 n 111\ a 157
PCl\cnTYpa II PC)IQ{M npHrOTOBnCHHJI TeCTa OnapHbIM II YCKOpeJIHbIM cnoco6aMH
C npHMCHeHlICM MOJlO'IHOH CbIBOpOTJQI AJ1JI XJlc6a c,Q06Horo
PaeXOJJ; CbIpbR Ii napBMCTpbI npo-
eCCB no cnoc06aM Ii CT M
onapHbIH YCKOpeHHbIH
onapB I TecTO TecTO
45-55 55 -45 100,0
2,0 2,5
1,5 1,5
28-30 no no
pac1IeTY pac'lCTY
10,0 10,0
8,0 8,0
BCH:
10-15
27-30 28-30 28-32
210-240 60-90 60-90
3,0-4,0
3,5 3,5
H3HMeHOBaHHe CbIpb5l, nony4>B6pHKBTOB
H nOKB38TeJIeH npo ecCB
MYKa nlI1eHWlHM xneoolIeKapHM BbIClI1erO
lIJIlI ncpBoro copTa, Kr
)J,pO)l()!(lI xneGoncKapHI.IC npCCCOBaIIHbIC, Kr
COJib IIOBapeHHaJI nllll(CBaH, Kr
BOAa, Kr
Caxap-neCOK, Kr
MaprapllH CT0J10BbIt! C COl1ep)l(aHHCM )l(Hpa
82%, Kr
Onapa, Kr
M0110'IHM CbIBopoTKa, Kr
TeMncpaTypa Ha1laJILHM, 0 C
np 0 I1 0 J1)1(lITeJILHOCTb Gp0)l(CHIUI, MlIH
KlIC!IOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaJI OlIapb!, rpap;
KllC!IOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJI TeCTa, rp!IA, HC Gonce
neneUIK8 MaitCK8H
Xne6 C.oo6HbIii B ynaKoBKe
TIeneIllKY MaHCKYIO BbIpa6aTbiBalOT H3 UIIleHmlHOH MYKH BbiClIIero Cop-
Ta no OCT 18-146-74.
TIenellIKa MaHcKa.a npep;cTaBnHeT C060H IIlT}"lHoe H3p;enHe KPyrnoH
4>OpMbI C Hap;pe3aMH Ha nOBepXHocTH MaccoH 0,1 KI'.
TecTo rOTOBHT onapHbIM H P;pyrHMH cnoc06aMH, npHHHTbIMH B xne60-
ne'leHJrn. TIpep;nO'lTHTeJIbHblM HBJIHeTCH onapHbIH H Ha 60nbIlloH rYCToH
onape (Ta6n. 158).
Xne6 CP;06HbIH B ynaKOBKe BbIpa6aTblBaIDT no fOCT 9831-61 H3
I!llICHH'lHOH MJKH nepBoro H BblCllIero COpTOB, 4>OpMOBbIM, 000PHYTbIM B
Cnel.{HaJIbH}'lO ynaKoBo'lHylO 6YMary no OCT 18-388 -81, MaCCOH 0,5 Kr.
Xne6 BbIneKaIDT B 4>OpMax HOMepa 6 H 7 THn I no fOCT 17327-88.
TecTo MO)!(HO rOTOBHTb mo6bIM H3 cnoc060B, KpoMe 6e30napHoro,
npHMeHHeMbIX)J)IH npoH3Bop;cTBa H3p;emm H3 llIIIeHH'lHOH MJKH (Ta6n. 157).
fOToBoe TeCTO p;enHT Ha p;eJlllTenbHbIX MaI1UrnaX, H nocne oKpyrneImH
3arOTOBKH TeCTa YKJIaJJ,bmalOT B 4>OpMbI H HanpaBnmoT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIpop;omKHTeJIbHOCTb paccTOHKH 55 -60 MHH.
BbIne'lK)' npoH3BoP;HT B }'Bna)!(HeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe npH TeMlIepa-
Type 200- 220°C B Te'leHHe 35-40 MliH.
TIocne oxna)!Q];eImH xne6a B Te'leHHe 2-6 'l, B 3aBHCHMOCIl'I OT TeMne-
paTypbI OKpY>KalOlUeH CpeJJ,bI, ero ynaKoBbmaIDT B napaq,HHHpOBaHHylO 6y-
Mary.
l' B 61111 ua 158
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AJ1II JlencUL.'Qf MBiicKOH
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Ii nOKB3BTCJIcii npO ecCB
Pacxog CbIPbJl Ii napBMaT-
pb! npor eCCB no CTB):UIRM
onBpa l TCCTO
MYKa nlI1CHH'lHaJI: XJleOOnCKapHM BbIClI1ero copTa, Kr
.apO)!OKI! xnc501ICKapHI.IC IIpeCCOBa.'iHlJC, Kr
COJib nOnapeI!IlaJI IIlIll(eBaJI:, Kr
BOlla, Kr
Macno ClIlfB01lIIOe HCCOJleHOC, Kr
45-55
1,5
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no paC'ICTY
18,0
276
277
llpoOo./lJ/CeIJue m6/l. 158
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II nOK&3aTeneH npo ecca
Pacxo.c; CbIpbH II napaMeT-
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CMeTaHa, Kr
Onapa, Kr
TCMlIepaTypa Ha1laJIbJ{M, 0 C
npol10n)l(lITeJlbJ{OCTb 6pO)l(CHJ1JI, MHH
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napaJIJleJIbHbIX Ha,D;pe30B.
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paC'lCTY
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82%, Kr
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muo KypHHOC, lI1T/Kr 75/3,0
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Onapa, Kr BCJI
TCMIIcpaTYpa Ha1lanbHaH, 0 C 26-28 29-33
npOAOJI)l(lfTeJlbHOCTh GpO)l(eHll5l, MlIH 180-240 40-60 'lCpe3
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0,2 Kr.
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paCCTOHKY B paCCTOHHbW llIKa<p WIH Ha BarOHeTKij.
I1pO)];OJDKHTeJIbHOCTh paccToHKH 50-90 MHH. IIpH H3JIHllIHeH paccToHKe
H3)];enllil TepJlIOT npHc yro HM peJIbe<pHocTb, a npH He)];OCTaIO'llioH - Ha
nOBepXHocTH MOryT rrOJlBHTbCJl pa3pbIBbI. 3a 10 MHH )];0 rroca,o:KH B ne'lb no-
BepXHocTb 33rOTOBOK CMa3bIBalOT JlWlHOH CMa3KOH H OI):J;enbHbIe BH,[J,bI
6YJIO'lHOH MenO'lli 06CblII31OT caxapoM.
I1pO)];oJI)fQiTeJIbHOCTh BbIlle'lKH j])IJl H3)];eJIIiH MaccoH 0,1 Kr 15-16 MIffi,
MaccoH 0,2 Kr - 18-20 MllH. TeMnepaTypa neKapHoH KaMepbI 225-265°C.
PO)l(KH c.u;o6HbIe H pOrJIHKH
PO>KKH C)];06HbIe H pOrJIHKH BbIpa6aTbIBalOT H3 MYKH nllIeHH'lliOH nep-
Boro copTa no OCT 18-66-72.
PO)l(KH C)];06HbIe H pOrJIHKH npe)];CTaBJIJlIOT C060H H3)];eJlliJl npo)];onro-
BaTOH <pOpMbI C nOCTeneHHO cY)I(eHHbIMH KOHIJ;aMH, npJlMbIMH HnH cnerKa 3a-
rHYTbIMH.
PO)l(KH C)];06HbIe BbIIIYCKaIOT )];BYX BIf,IJ;OB: nOCbIllaHHbIe COJIblO Ii 6e3
nOCbIIIKH. JI,nJl P0)l(KOB, nOCbIllaHHbIX caJIblO, peu;enIypa rrpe)];ycMaTpHBaeT
)];OnOnIDneJIbHO 1,2 I<I' conH Ha rrocbIIIKY.
POrJIHKH BblIIYCK310I TO)l(e )];BYx BIf,IJ;OB. 0)];1ffi BH)]; pornHKoB nOCblIIaH
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PO)l(KH C)];06HbIe BbIIIYCK310T MaccoH 0,06 I<I' H pOrJIHKH MaccoH 0,05
H 0,1 KL
TecTo MO)l(HO rOIOBHTh 6e30rrapHbIM, onapHbIM H YCKopeHHbIM cnoco-
63.MH, napaMeTpbI npHBe)];eHbI B Ta6n. 161.
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rOTOBoe TeCTO )J;emrr Ha KYCKH Ha TeCTO)J;eJleIDIe HJIH Bp}"lHYlO.
llocJle OKpyrJleHHJl 3arOTOBKaM )J;aeTCJl rrpe)J;BapHTenbH R pacCToHKa
10-12 MIDI. <DopMOBKY H3)J;errHH ocyrn,eCTBnRlOT Ha 3aKaTO'lH01i Mallnme rom
pOrJIHKOB lillH BPY'IHYlO.
llpO)J;OJl)!(IITenbHOCTb OKOlfllaTenbHOH paCCTOHKH 3arOTOBOK 25-40 MIDI.
llepe)J; nOCa,lJ;KOH B ne'Ib H3)J;eJ1HJl rrOCbmalOT conblO, TMHHOM ruIH MaKOM.
Conb rom OOCbIllKH HCnOJlb3YlOT nepBoro copTa, nOMon N° 1.
PO)!(KH c)J;06HbIe Ii pOrJIHKH BbmeKalOT Ha nHcT ImH Ha IW)J;Y B YBna)J(-
HeHHoH neKapHoH KaMepe rrpli TeMrrepaType 200-220 C.
llpo)J;on)!(IITenbHOCTb BbIIIe'lK1i Ha JlHCTaX 17-18 MliH, Ha rro}Jy-
12-18 MliH.
BynO'lKH nOJSIoIDIeHlIOH KaJIOpmmOCTH
6 alOT li3 IIlUeIDl'lHOH
E ynOqKH rroBbIllIeHHoH KaJIOplliiHOCTH BbIpa aTbIB
M)'KIi rrepBoro copTa rro rOCT 9712-61, MaccoH 0,1 Kr.
EynOqKH rroBbIIlIeHHoH KaJIOpHHHOCTH rrpe)J;cTaBnJllOT C060H IlIT)"IHbIe
H3)J;enHJl KpyrnoH <pOPMbI, rroBepXHOCTb KOTOpbIX rrOCbIIlaHa )J;p06rreHbIM
opexoM.
TecTo rOTOBJlT Jl106bIMIi crroc06aMli, rrplilUlTbIMli B rrpoMbIIIUIeHHocTIi
p,rrJl rrpoli3Bo)J;cTBa li3)J;emIH H3 IlIIIeIDIqHOH MYKH. llpe)J;rrO'ITHTerrbHbIMll
JlBnJllOTCJl orrapHbIH II Ha 60nbllIoH rycTOH orrape (Ta6rr. 162).
l' a 6 JI H!.\ a 162
Pc emypa 11 pell(lfM npmoTOBneHHII TecT!! onapllhlM cnoco60M,
Ha 6oJIhlI1oH rycToii ouape ,lJ;JIJI fJyno'ieK DOBioIlIIeiUiOH !(aJIopHHHOCrn
PacXOA ChIpbJi 11 nap8MeTpbI npor ccca
no cnocoG8M 11 CT8AWIM
Ha:itMmOBaHHe CbIpbH,
nonycpa6pm<aToB
11 nOICa'!aTeneH npoaecca
onaplIhIH
Ha Gonbilloii rYCTOH onape
OTAe1IKa
onapa
OIl!lpa OT)J;eJ1Ka
MYKa I'.IIIeHlI'lHaH xnc6o-
neKapH8H I copTa, Kr
)Jpo)l()KlI xne60ncKapHbIC
npeCCOB;WHbIC, I{r
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BM, Kr
45-55 55-45
60-70 40-30
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1,0
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15
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no pac1I.
284
llpoiJolIJ/CeHlIe TaM. 162
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no cnoco68M H CTaAllHM
HaHMeHoaaHHe CbIpbH,
nonycpa6p1lKaToB onapHhIii: H8 601Ib1I10H rycToH onape
H nOKa3aTeneH npo ecca
onapa OTAeJ1Ka onapa OT)J;elIKa
Caxap-necoK, Kr 25,0 25,0
MacJlo cnllB01lHOC HCCOJlC- 18,0 18,0
Hoe,Kr
MOJlOKO ueJlhHOC, Kr 20,0 20,0
JHlI.{o KypllHOC, lI1T/Kr 375/15,0 125/5,0 375/15,0 125/5,0
BlIHorpaA CYillCHblil, Kr 30,0 30,0
opcx, Kr 2,0 2,0
BaHlIJilIH, K I' 0,025 0,025
Orrapa, l{r BCH BCH
TCMncpaTypa HaqanhHaH, 30-32 31-33 24-26 29-33
Cc
npOAOJl)l(l!TeJlhHOCTb 6po- 210-240 80-120 210-240 20-40
)l(eHlIH, MlIH
KlIcnoTHOCTb KOHe'IHaH 3,5 -4,0 3,5-4,0
olIapbI, rpaA
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Jlllu;a. 3aTeM )J;06aBnJllOT MYKY, Bce rrepeMelllliBalOT H BHOCJlT pa3Be,lJ;eHHble
B BO)J;e )J;P0)j()j(fl. 3aMec rrpO)J;on)J(alOT )J;O rrorryqeHHJl XOpOlliO rrpOMerneHHOH
MaCCbI. 3aMerneHH)'1O orrapy CTaBJlT Ha 6pO)J(eHlle.
,QnJl rrplirOTOBneHIDl TeCTa B rOTOBYlO orrapy BHOCJlT pa3Be)J;eHHble B BO)J;e
conb, BamUIliH, caxap, rrO)J;orpeToe MaCJ10, H3lOM Ii He)J;OCTalOll.\ee KOIrnqeCrno
BO)J;bI. llocrre rrepeMelilllBaHllJl B CMeCb rrOCTerreHHO )J;06aBJlRIOT M)'KY. .z:w0)J(-
)!(II, pa3Be)J;eHHbIe B BO)J;e, BHOCHT B rrOCJle)J;H101O Oqepe)J;b. TecTo Tll.\aTeJlbHO
rrepeMelilllBalOT )J;o rronyqeHllJl O)J;HopO)J;Hoii MaCCbl.
B rrpou;ecce 6po)J(eIDIJl TeCTa rrpOli3BO,lJ;JiIT ero 06MHHKY.
rOTOBoe TeCTO )J;eJlJlT Ha )J;eJIHTeJIbHbIX MalIIHHax IDIH Bp}"IHYIO rrOCJIe
OKpyrJleHIDI C<POPMOBaHHhIe TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH YKJIa,zI,bIBalOT Ha JIHCTbI Ii
HanpaBIDIIOT Ha paCCTOHKY. llpO)J;OJDKIlTeJIbHOCTb pacCTOHKll 90-120 MHH.
llepe)J; rroca)J;Koii B rre'Ib rroBepXHOCTb TeCTOBhIX 3arOTOBOK CMa3bmalOT
JlHu;OM liJlH Jlll'IHoii CMa3KOH Ii rrOChIIlaIOT )J;p06rreHbIM opexoM. B 3aBHCliMO-
CTIi OT ycrroBliH rrpoH3Bo)J;crna J¥mycKaeTCJl CMa3Ka 3arOTOBOK JlHu:OM
HnH Hll'fHOii CMa3KOH rrOCJIe rrpeABapHTeJlbHOH paccToiiKIi C rrocrreJJ;ylOll.\eii
YCTaHoBKoH JlliCTOB B paccToiiHbIH llIKa<p.
BbIIleqKY rrpoH3BO)J;RT B rre'lH 6e3 napa. llpo)J;OJl'KHTenbHocTb Bl>Irre'IK}J
14-16 MliH rrpH TeMrrepaType 190-21O°C.
285
J]eneWKH p>KaHLIe
ne rreiliKH p>KaHbIe BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT no fOCT 9903-61
g a: 060llUOH: H nllIeUH'lHOH: nepBoro copTa. Macca o: ;e =n: :
TecTo rOTOBHT YCKopeHHbIM crroc060M C H
pa3pbIXmneJIeH: H 16-18% crreJIOH: nllIe o CnOJIb3 ( OBaHHeM XlfMHqeCKHX
H orrapbI Ta6JI. 164).
BaTOII'IHKH K qalO
EaTOH'lHKJI K qaIO Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT H3 nllIeHHqHOH: MYKH nepBoro copTa
no fOCT 14121-69, MaCCOH: 0,15 Kr H 0,3 Kr.
EaTOH'lHKH K qaIO rrpegCT<rnmllOT c060H: llITY'lHble H3geJIHH npogoJIro-
BaToH <pOpMbI C oKpyrJIeHHbIMll KOHUaMH H KOCbIMH Hagpe3aMH ua rroBepx-
HOCTIf.
TecTo MO>KHO rOTOBHTb onapHbIM, Ha 60JIbllIOH: rYCTOH: orrape H YCKO-
peHHbIMH cnoc06aMH (Ta6JI. 163).
fOToBoe TeCTO geJIHT Ha geJIHTeJIbHbIX Mannmax IUIH BPyqH)'lO, oKpyr-
nHIOT II rrocne oKpyrneHHH H 3aKaTKJI 3arOTOBKH TeCTa nOCTyrralOT Ha pac-
CTOHKY. C<popMOBaHHbIe TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH gon)!(HbI HMeTb rrpogonroBa-
TYIO IUIH yp,rrHHeHH)'1O <POPMY C oKpyrneHHbIMll KOHUaMll.
.anH ynY'lllIeHHH KaqeCTBa H3genHH: TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH rrocne oKpyr-
neHHH ueneco06pa3HO rrO}J;BepraTb rrpe}J;BapHTenbHOH paCCTOHKe.
T a 6 JI II I.\ a 164
PC CDTYPa H peJKHM IIpllrOTOBneHHR TecTa
AJIH ncnCWCK pJKBHbIX
27-29
210-240
3,0-4,0
MeCO<:n a :: ::TP:H: B }J;ByyrneKHCJIbIH: H aMMoHHH yrneKHcnbIii nepeg 3a-
oge, TII.\aTen.bHO nepeMeulllBalOT C
HMIJ;aMlf H rOTOBOH: rrUleHH'1Hoii ona p OH: nocn MaprapHHoM,
MYKOH:. ' e qero cMeIIIHBalOT C P)!(aHOH:
nocne geneHllH 3arOTOBKH TeCTa nO)J;KaTblBalOT B
2-3 MHH OTne)!(KH pacKaTbIBalOT CK3JIKOH llIapHKH, a 3aTeM rrocne
OKono 9 - 10 C P B KpyrnbIe JIeneiliKH gHaMeT p oM
M. aCKaTaHHbIe KYCKH Te
Hble HH::u;OM, cnerKa Hagpe3aIOT HO)!(OM :aH Kna}J;bIBaIOT ua nHCTbI, CMa3aH-
ge KOCbIX KneTOK H BbmeKalOT. HOCHT PIdCYHOK llITaMnOM B BH-
npogon)l<liTeJIbHOCTb BbmeqKH
260° C.
HBHMeHOBaHHe CbIpMI, nonYCPB6pHKBTOB
H nOKB3BTeneH npo ecca
Ta6J1l1I.\B 163
MYKa p)l(aHaH o6ofiHaH, Kr
MYKa nlI1eHlI'lHaH xneGolIcKapHaH I copTa KT
,lJ,PO)l()I(l! xnc60lIcKapHbIC IIpeCCOBaHHbIC, r
COJIb IIOBapeHHaH IIlIll(eBaH, Kr
BOlla, Kr
Caxap-nccoK, Kr
MaprapllH CTonOBbIfi C cOp;ep)l(aHlICM )!(lIpa 82% Kr
R'ilI.\o KyplIHOC, lI1T/Kr '
,lJ,ByyrJlcKlICJlbIfi HaTpllil, Kr
AMMOHlIfi, Kr
Onapa, Kr
TeMlIepaTYpa Ha'laJlbHaH °c
npOp;OJl)l(HTCJlb!iOCTb 6p )I(CHlIH, MlIH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'lHaH, rpap;
Pc eITTYPa H pe1KHM npllrOTOBneHWI TecTa Ha 6onblI1oH rYCTOH onapc
AM 6aTOH'lHKOB K 'IWO
HaHMeHOBaHHe CLlpLH, nonycpB6pllKBTOB
H nOKa3aTCneH npo eccB
PBCXOP; CbIpLH H nB-
paMeTpbI npo eccB
no cnoco6aM H CT8,I\lIHM
onapB
TeCTO
MYKa nIllCHH'lHBH xncGoneKapHaH I COpTa, Kr
.nP0)l()!(lI xneGoncKapHbIe npeCCOBaIIHbIe, Kr
Com, nOBapeHHaH nmueBaH, Kr
BoAD, Kr
Caxap-necoK, Kr
Macno CJllIBO'IHOC HeconCHOC, Kr
Onapa; Kr
TCMllcpaTYpa HaqaJIbHaH, °c
TIpop;on)l(lITCnblIOCTb 6pO)l(CHHJI, MHH
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaH onapbI, rpag
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHC'lHaH TeCTa, rpa,n, HC 60nce
65-70
1,5
35-30
1,5
33-39
IIO pac'!eTY
10,0
8,0
BCJI
25-30
240-270
3,5 -4,0
28-32
40-60
3,5
OTp;CiIKa
90,0
10,0
0,25
5-7
1,0
no pac'!.
10,0
30,0
250/10,0
0,2
0,8
BCH
29-32
50/2,0
15 -17 MHH rrpH TeMneparype 240-
npOgon)IQiTeJIbHOCT.b OKOHqaTeJIbHOH: pacCToiiKH 40-50 MHH B 3aBHCH-
MOCTH OT MaCCbI TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK H cnoc06a TeCToBegeHHH.
nepeg noca)J;KOH B rre'lb Ha TeCTOBbIX 3aroToBKax geJIaIOT HeCKOJIbKO
napannenbHbIX KOCbIX Hagpe30B C nOMOIlIbIO cneWl3JIbHOrO YCTp0H:Crna IUIH
Bp)"IHYlO.
lb.u;enHH BbmeKalOT Ha nop;y B YBna>KHeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe npH TeM-
neparype 210-230°C. npOgOJI)lQiTenbHOCTb BbmeqKH 6aTOHqlIKOB K qaIO co-
CTaBnHeT: MaccoH 0,15 I' - 16-18 MHH, Maccoii 0,3 Kr - 20-22 MHH.
286
BynKa qepKH30BCKaH
EynKa qepKII30BcKaH Bblpa6aTbIBaeT 11
copTa no OCT 18-98-72 C H3 eHP!'lHOIi MYKH nepBoro
P.I npegCTaBnHeT co6<m H3genHe npogOJIrOBaTOii
287
cl>OPMbI, COCTOHIl\ee H3 TpeX HenepeIUIeTeHHbIX :>KryroB, nOBepXHOCTb OT)J;e-
naHa MaKOM HJIH KYH:>KyrOM.
Macca O)J;Horo H3)J;enmI 0,2 H 0,4 Kr.
TecTo rOTOBlIT onapHbIM H )J;pyrHMH cnoc06aMH, npHHlITbIMH B XJIe60-
netIeHlIH )])111 H3)J;enHH H3 lIllIeHWIHoH MYKH. npe)J;rrOtITHTenbHbIMH lIBnllIOTC1I:
YCKopeHHbIH C rrpHMeHeHHeM KOHIJ;eHTpHpOBaHHOH: MOnO'IHOKHCnOH 3aKBa-
CKH HIIH Ha 60JIbllIOH rYCTOH onape (Ta6n. 165).
TecTo B 3aBHCHMOCTH 01' npHMemieMOrO 060pY)J;OBaHH1I MO:>KHO 1'01'0-
BHTb HenpepbIBHO HIIH nopWiOHHO.
)JeneHue TeCTa OCYJ.I!;eCTBnllIOT Ha TeCTO)J;emnenbHbIX MaIllliHax HIIH
BpY'lHYIO. OKpyrneHHbIe TeCTOBbIe 3arOTOBKH nocrynaIOT Ha 3aKaT Y. nony-
tIeHHbIe >Kf}'ThI COe)J.HHlIIOT KOHIJ;aMH no 3 lilT - }J;Ba pll)J;OM H TpeTHH cBepxy,
YKml)J;bmaIOT Ha nHCTbI H CT3BlIT H3 paCCTOHKY.
npOJJ:OJDKHTenbHOCTh paccroHKIi COCT3BnlleT 40-50 MHH.
nepe)J; nOCaJJ:KOH B ne'lb H3)J;enllil orrpbIcKHB3IOT BOJJ:OH H 06CbIIl3IOT
K}'lDKYTOM.
BblIIetIKY H3)J;enliH npOH3BO)J;HT B YBn3:>KHeHHOH neKapHoH KaMepe. npo-
)J;on)!(InenbHOCTh BbIIletIKH 6ynKH tIepKH30BCKOH MaccoH 0,4 Kr 23-25 MHH,
MaccoH 0,2 Kr - 18-20 MliH rrpli TeMnepaType 200-220°C.
EYJIKa lIpOCIIaBCKaJI cno6H351
T a 6 JI H U a 165
EynKY HpOCnaBCKyro CJJ:06H}'IO BbIpa6aThIBaIOT no fOCT 27844-88 H3
nlileHH'lHOM M)'K1i nepBoro copTa KpyrnoH cl>OPMbI, MaCCOH 0,2 Kr. nOBepx-
HOCTb nOCbrII3IOT KpOlliKOH.
TecTo MO:>KHO rOTOBHTh onapHbIM crroc060M, Ha 60nblilOH rycroH orrape
Ii 6e30rrapHbIM (Ta6n. 166).
Qepe3 40-50 MHH nocne 3aMeca TeCTa peKOMeH}JyeTCH npoBo)J;HTb 06-
MHHKY TeCTa.
TecTo )J;emIT MaIliHHaMlf. nOcITe oKpyrneHHH KYCKH TeCTa CMa3bIBaIOT
MacnoM H nOCbIIl3IOT KpOliIKOH, 3aTeM YKlI3,!J;DmaIOT Ha nHCTbI H Hanp3BnHIOT
Ha paCCTOHKY. npO)J;OJI:>KHTenbHOCTh paccToHKH 40-70 MHHYT.
)J)m rrpHroToBneHHH KpOIliKH CMeIlIHBaIOT caxap, pacToIUIeHHbIH Mapra-
pHH, a 3aTeM )J;063BITHIOT MYKY. Bce Tli.\aTenbJIO nepeMeIlIHBaIOT, rrpOrnpaHJT
tIepe3 CHTO.
BbIIle'IKY H3)J;enHH npoH3Bo)J;lIT B YBnIDKHeHHoH rreKapHOH KaMepe npH
TeMneparype 210-230°C B Te'Iem1e 15-17 MHH.
PeQclITYPa H peKHM IIpIII'OTOBJleKHSI TecTa YCKOpeHHbIM cnoco60M
H Ha 601IbllIoH rycToH onape
AJUI 6YJlOK orepKH30BCKHX
Ha 6olIhlI1oii rycToH onap e
PacxOA CbIphH H napaMeTphI
npo ecca no cnoco68M H CTBJ];lIHM
HaHMCHOBaHHe ChlpbJi,
nonYCPB6pHKBTOB
H nOKa3aTeJIeH npo ccca
YCKopeHHbIH
HB KMK3
onapa I TeCTO I OTl];eJIKB TeCTO I OTAenKa
MYKa nlI1eHwnraH xncGoneKapHBH
I capTa, Kr
)Jpo)l()l(l! xne60lIeKapHbre IIpecca-
BaIlIlbIe, Kr
COJIb IIOBapeHHa nllllleBaH, Kr
Bona, i(r
MaprapllH CTOJlOBbIfi C cOAep)l(a-
HlICM )Klfpa 82%, Kr
Caxap-necoK, i(r
MOJlOKO UCIIbHoe, ieI'
KyuJKyf, KI"
Qrrapa, KI'
KMK3, i(r
TeMIlepaTYpa Ha1laJIbHaH, °c
npOAomKJ!.TCJlbHOCTh 6po)UHIDl, MHH
KHcnOTIiOCTb KOHe'lHaH onapbI, rpap;
KncnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaH TeCTa, rpan,
Be 60nee
288
65-70 35-30
1,0 0,5
1,5
15 -21 IIO pac-
<reTY
7,0
7.0
20,0
BCH
27-29
210-270
3,0-4,0
29- 32
20-40
3,0
95-96
T a 6 JI H L\ a 166
2,5
1,5
no pac-
IJCTY
7,0
7,0
20,0
1,0 1,0
10-12,5
29-33
40-90
3,0
PCQcrrrypa II pe1KlIM npl!rOTOBJleHIIJ'I TeCTa onapHbIM cnoco60M
p;nSl 6y IiOK flpOCJlaJlCKIIX C,[\06HhIX
PaCXOA CbIphH H napaMeTphl
rrpo eCCB no CT8,!:\lIHM
HaHMeHOBaHHe Chlphfl, nonycpa6pHKaToB
H nOKB3aTeneii nponecca
MYKa nlI1CHlI'IHaH xnc60ncKapHaH I copTa, Kr
.lJ,PO)l()l(lI xne60ncKapHbIC npCCCOBaIlHbIC, Kr
COJIb IIOBapCHIIaJ1 IDIli\CBaH, Kr
Bolla, Kr
onapa OT,IJ;eJIKa
50,0 48,0 2,0
2,0
1,0
25-30 IIO pac-
'ICTY
1,5
8,0 3,0
4,0 1,0
289
MaprapllH CTOJlOBbill C COACp)l(aIIlICM )l(Hpa
82%, Kr
Caxap-IICCOK, Kr
Macno nOACOJ1He'IHOC, Kr
10 3aK. 1116
HaIIMCHODaH1<C CbIpbIl, nonycpa6pm<aTOD
H nOI<a3aTCnCH nponCcca
onapa
Ona pa, Kr
TeMnepaTypa Ha'JaJlbIIaR, °c
np0)10Jl)!(lITCJ1bHOCTh 6pO)l(CHlI5I, MlIH
KHcnOl'HOCTb KOHC'IHaH onapbl, rp8A
KHCJlOTIIOCTb I<OHC'IlIa51 TCCTa, rpap;,
He 60Jlec
npO()O/l:JICeIJlle m6,1. J 66
TeCTO )J;emn )J;eJIHTeJ1bHbIMH M2IIDlHaMlI. Or I10JI HHhIX npn )J;cnemll!
KYCKOB TeCTa OT)J;eJIIDOT He60JIblliHe KYCO'IKH MaCCOH 35- L W r, OCHOBHhIe
KYCKH H OTOpBaHHbIe KYCO'IKH I10gKaThIBaIOT B Bl'.,a:e KpyrJIbIX 6ynO'leK Ii
YKna;:n.IBaIOT 1J.llii rrpe)J;BapHreJIbHOH paCCTOHKH, I1pO)J;omKHTenbHOCTh KOTO-
poH COCTaBJIHeT 8-10 MHH. nocne rrpe)J;BapHTeJIbHOH paccTOiiKH Y 60nhIlloro
KYCKa TeCTa rrpO)J;aBJIHBaIOT B uempe .CK3JIKOH yrny6nelIlIe, B KOTopoe
KJIa,rJ,)'T I10)J;KaTaHHbIii ruapHK H3 MeHbruero KYCO'lKa TeCTa.
np0)J;OH)I(lITe1IbHOCTh OKOH'laTeJIbHOii paccToHKH 8'0-90 MHH.
nepe)J; rrocap,Koii B I1e'lb apHaYThI CMa3bIBaIOT BO)J;o.H.
BbmeqKa H3)J;enHii npoH3Bo,!J;HTCH B rre'lH C I1apOM I1PH TeMIIepaTYpe
240-250°C B TeqeHHe 16-18 MHH.
PacxoA CbIpb1I 1< napaMCTpbI
nponecca no CTaAlHIM
OT,IJ,cnI<a
BCH
27-29 28-30
240-270 60 90
3 3,5
3,0
Xne6 cno6HbIit MaACKHit If 6YJ1I<H C.no6HbIe MaAcKHe
ApHa}'TbJ
ApHaYTbI Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no fOCT 27844-88 H3 I1weHH'IHOii MYKH BbIC-
mere COpTa..OHH I1pe)J;cTaBmllOT co6oii Kpyrnble 6ynO'IKH C ruapoo6pa3HbIM
BbICTYIIOM B ueHTpe, Maccoii 0,2 Kr.
OpHeHTHpOBO'lHbIe pa3Mepbl apHaYTOB: .n;l:IaMeTp - 11-12 CM (no HH)j(-
HCMY OCHOBaHHlO), BbICOTa -- 7 -8 CM.
TecTo rOTOBHT m06blM H3 cIIoco6oB, I1pHMeHHeMbIX )J;JIH" npnroToBneHHH
H3)J;enHii H3 nrueHH'IHOH MYKH (Ta6n. 167).
Ta6J1l1L1a 167
Xne6 CAo6HblH MallCKJiH H 6ymcH c)J;o6Hble MallCKHe BbIpa6aThIBalOT
I10 OCT 18-148-74 H3 III1IeHll'lHOH M)'KH I COpTa.
Xne6 Bblpa6aThIBaJoT I!>OpMOBbIM, MaccoH 0,5-1,0 Kr; 6ynKH - I10)J;O-
BbIMH Kpyrnoii lUll! I1po)J;OJITOBaTO-oB3JIbHOii I!>OpMbI Maccoii 0,5 -1,0 Kr.
TecTo MO)I(HO rOTOBHTh oIlapHbIM, Ha 6onbruoH rYCToii oIlape H YCKO-
pemlLIM CIIoco6aMH (Ta6n. 168).
fOToBoe TeCTO )J;enHT Ha )J;eJlHTenbHbIX ManllIHax, I10CJle 'Iero 3arOTOBKH
TecTa fJ.JiH XJJe6a yKJla.n;hIBaJOT B I!>OpMbI H HanpaBmllOT Ha paCCTOHKY, a 3aro-
TOBKH )J;JIH 6ynoK HanpaBnIDOT Ha oKpyrJleHHe. OKpyrneHHe 3arOTOBOK
)i(enaTeJ1bHO OCyrueCTBJlHTh Ha }J;BYX nocne)J;OBaTenbHO ycnu10BJleHHbIX
oKpyrmneJlHX, I10CJle 'Iero HX HanpaBJlHlOT Ha paCCTOHKY.
npOJJ:OJl)l(llTeJlbHOCTh paccTOiiKH 80-100 MHH. nepe)J; noca;::u<:oii B lle'lb
nOBepXHOCTh 3arOTOBOK nOKpbIBalOT HH'IHOii cMa3Koii.
Bbme'lKa I1pOHCXO)J;HT B HeyBJla)j(HeHHoii neKapHoH KaMepe I1pH TeMnepa-
TYpe 180-190°C B TeqeHHe 50-80 MHH.
PenCITIYPa II PC)I(lIM npHI'OTODJleHIUI TeCTa onapHbIM clIoco60M
AnH apHayroB
HallMCHOBaH1<C CbIpbH, nonycpa6pHI<aTOB
1< nOI<a3aTCnCH nponecca
PaCXOA CblpbII
H napaMcTpbI
nponecca no CT8AlUIM
T a 6 JI II U a 168
onapa
TeCTO
MYKa nlI1CHH'JHaH xne60lIcKapHaH BbIClI1Cro copTa, Kr
)J,pO)l()!(lI xne60IlcKapHbIC IIpeCCOBaJiHbIe, Kr
COJIb IIOBapCHHaR IIlIIl{CBaH, Kr
BOlla. Kr
CaXap-IICCOK, Kr
Macno ropt!H'IHOC, Kr
Onapa, Kr
TCMlIcpaTypa Ha1laJIbHaH, 0('
np0)10Jl)l(l!TeJlbHOCTb 6P0)l(CHlIH, MHH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'I';IaH onapbI, rpap;
KlIcnOTHOCTb KOHe1lHaH TeCTa, rpap;, HC Gonce
190
45 -55
PeItcJITypa Ii PC)KlIM IIpllrOTOBJICHHH TecTa onapHLIM clIDCo60M
AJUI xne5a cp;o6Horo MaHCKOrO H GynoK C,q06HbLX MaHCICHX
55 -45
2,0
Pacxop: CbIphH 1< napaMCTphI
npolteCca no CTII,IUIHM
1,5
HallMeHOBliHHe ChIphH, nOlIycpa6p1<I<aTOD
H nOI<a3aTCneH nponecca
OT,IJ,eJ1I<a
25 30
no paC'ICTY
6,0
6.0
onapa
45 -55
1,0
28-30
S5 -45
3,0
0,5
no paclJ.
20,0
20,0
MYKa nlI1CHlI'lHaH xnc60IlcKapHaH I copTa, Kr
,QpO)l()l(lI xnc60lIeKapHbIC npCCCOBaIlHble, i(r
ConI, nOBapCHHaH ITHIIIeBaJ1, Kr
Bop;a,Kr
Caxap-IIeCOK, Kr
Macno CJIHBO'IHOC HCCOJICHOe, Kr
jIitL{o KypHHoc, lI1T/Kr
25/1,0
BCH
29-30
180 -210
3.0- 3,5
29- 30
60-90
3,0
10*
291
npOOO/l eIJueTaaa.168
IIpIlTOTOBJ1eHHe TeCTa Ha onape
onaps
omenl<a
Onapy rOToRHT B TeCTOMCCHJ1&HOH ManBme T2-M-63 If gp. BJ1IDKHOCTbIO
38-41 % 1f3 M)'KH, BO)];bI li gpo)!O!(eH npeccOBaHHbIX HJ1H )!(If)J;KliX O,lJ,HOBpe-
MeHHO gJUI HeCKOJIbKliX nopUHH TeCTa. llpOgOJDKlfTeJ1b OCn. paCXoga onapLI
gOJ1)!(Ha 6bITb He 6oJ1ee 2 'I.
llpli 3aMeCe TeCTa CHa'Iana onapy TII aTeJ1bHO nepeMenUffiaIOT C BOgOH,
COJ1eBbIM pacTBOpOM li gonOJ1HHTenl>H.J.IM CbIplteM, nocnc 'Iero g03HpyIOT
MYKY li rrpogOJDKaIOT 3aMec go nOJ1)"1eIDiJ! OgHOpOgHOH MaCChI TeCTa.
PeueIITypa li rrapaMeTphI TeXHonOrli'IeCKOrO npouecca npHrOTOBJ1eIUUi
TeCTa Ha onape nplffiegeHbI Ii TaM. 170.
HSHMCHOBSHHC CbIpblI, n0J1yq,s6pHKSTOB
H nOKs3sTcncii npolteccs
PaCXOL\ CbIpblI Ii napSMcTpbI
npOI-\cccs no CTap;IfJIM
BlIHorpap; CYlI1CHbIfi, Kr
BaJ{lIJIlIH, Kr
TCMlIcpaTYpa Ha'laJIbHaH, °c
npOp;OJl)l(lITenbHOCTb 6P0)l(CHlIH, MlIH
KlIcnOTHOCTh KOHC'IHaH orrapbI, rpap;
KlIcnOTHOCTh KOHC'lHaH TeCTa, He Gonce, rpap;
30,0
0,067
28-30
90-120
27-29
180-240
3,5 -4,0
3,2
5.3. fIP0I13BOJJ:CTBO EAPAHOqHhlX 113JJ:ERHH
K 6apaHO'IHbIM li3genliHM OTHOCHTCH pa3nli'IHbIe Bli)J,bI 6apaHOK, cyrneK
li 6y6nliKoB, liMelOIWIX <poPMY KOJ1bua HJ1li OBana, o6pa30BaHHOrO )j(ryroM
"Kpyrnoro" Ce'leHHH. 113genliH liMelOT IUIOCKyIO nOBepXHOCTb Ha cTopoHe,
J1e)j(aBrneH Ha mfCTe, ceTKe HJ1li nogy.
CYlliKH li 6apaHKli HBnHIOTCH xne6HbIMH li3geJ1lfHMH )J)IlITenbHoro xpa-
HeHHH; 6y6nHKli - npOMe)j(YTO'IHbIM no Bna)j(HOCTli npogYKTOM Me)!()Jy 6y-
nO'lHbIMli H3geJ1liHMli If 6apaHKaMH.
_ apaHOqHbJe li3genHH BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT li3 IIIlIeHH'lliOH MYKli BbIcrnero
li nepBoro COpTO no faCT 7128-81.
.II.rrH nOJ1Y'leHHH cTa6HJ1bHOrO Ka'leCTBa li3geJ1Jill peKoMeH}JyeTcH liC-
n0J1b30BaTh nrneHH'IHYIO MYKY C cogep)j(aHlfeM KJ1eHKOBHHbI: BbIcrnero
copTa - 28-32% li nepBoro - 30-36%.
PeuenTypa npHrOTOBneHHH 6apaHO'IHbIX H3geJ1liH npegycMaTplffiaeT
CJ1egyroli.\ee COOTHOrneHrle CbIpbH no Macce (Ta6n. 169).
TexHoJ1onr'lecKuii npou;ecc npoH3BoAcTBa 6apaHO'IHbIX li3gemrH COCTOliT
li3 pHJJ:a onepau,HH: npuroToBnelllUI nplfTBopa, onapbI liJIli KOHu;eHTpHpoBaH-
HOM MOnO'1HOKliCJIOH 3aKBaCKli, liJIli )!(llJJ:KOH }J,1fcnepnrpOBaHHOM <p a3bI ,
TeCTa, OTne)j(Kli, geneHHH Ha KYCKli no 5-15 Kr, HaTlfpKli, OTne)j(Klf If pa3gen-
Kif-=- <pOpMOBKH TeCTa, paCCTOHKli, onmapKIf liJIli 06BapKli, Bbme'IKli TeCTO-
BbIX 3arOTOBOK H paC<paCOBKli HJ11f ynaKOBKli.
TecTo AmI 6apaHO'lHbIX lf3AeJIHH rOTOBRT Ha onape, npliTBope, )!(llJJ:KOH
onape lUlH YCKOpeHHblMl! cnoco6aMH: Ha KOHu;eHTpHpOBaHHOH MOnO'lHO-
KlicnOH 3aKBaCKe, MOJIO'IHOM CbIBopOTKe li )KligKOH }J,1fcneprlfpOBaHHOH
<p a3e .
293
292
l' a 6 n II rt a 169
Pcrtcmypa (Ha 100 KI' MyKJI) 6apa.'iO'IID>IX IIJACJIIIii
H3 lWIeHH"iHOft MYKH BLIClUCI'O H nepBOro COpTOB
Macno
M YI<B Q
HllHMeHOBBHHe mueHH'I-
H3p;eJIHii '" t€ II
11M Q
xne60- N
.. c.o ","
neKBp- Co :.: 'a g,
os 0
HM :.: .. f:;- '" :<; iIi
jg :.: a !Ii ..
.. I:: :.:
B/e, Ie, o . :I: :.: ",. I:: :s 0
10'" !2 0 0", U or .. ..
:.:" ... :<; '" 0 :.: III
I<r I<r e :I:
0 U a '" f .;
os U Co or
II; - e !Ii 0 S
:<; II; o '" g 0
!Ii 0 t:; CoCo :I:
!Ii U t:: II; c.. os '" 0 :I:
o U i!1 a os 0 "I:! II; U 0
Co'" ::f Coo I:! Co
88 ,:<; os U
r:rg- u tx: ::Eu 0 0
U t:: '"
MonoI<o
'"
5 112 15
I f :i
12 i m 0
.; '" Co h 6
12 u 0 :so )! "
0 t1 Ii! 0 i
12 'I o;t ",15
tI Do Ii :i s= si
or III 0 f
Cf '" ! m i om 0
0 '" 0 8' DoDo r...
III '" 0
0 :i I:! 5 g 0
5 I Co U Co
t! co >- 0 ala !s:
::f u t-o III It:
I. EapaIlKII
I3aIIlIJIbHbIe 100 - D,S 1,0 15,0 2,0 0,03 118,53
rOptill'lHbIC - 100 1,0 1,5 8,0 8,0 1,0 119,50
.lJ,c TCI<HC - 100 1,0 1,0 12,0 10,0 124,0
IlHMoHIIbIe 100 - 0,5 1,0 15,0 2,0 0,03 118,53
MOJlOtIHble 100 0,5 1,5 8,0 20,0 130.00
npOCTbIC - 100 0,5 1,5 1,0 103,00
npOCTbIe I1JIH 100 - 0,5 1,0 101,50
KpaJ1:Hcro CCBcpa
CJlanHHCKlIc 100 - 1,5 1,0 10,0 12,0 4,0 0,08 0,05 128,63
C'.JJ,06IIbIC OO - 1;0 1,5 8,0 1,0 8,0 1,0 120,50
CaxapIIblc 100 0,5 1,0 15,0 3,0 119,50
CaxapHble C MB- 100 - 0,5 1,0 15,0 4,0 1,0 121,50
KOM
QCPKM30BCI<lIC 100 - 0,5 1,5 8,0 10,0 0,15 120,15
RlI'IHble 100 - 1,5 1,5 15,0 200/8 3,0 4,0 133,00
II. CYWKII
BaHllJ1bHbIe 100 - 1,5 1,0 20,0 2,0 4,0 1,5 0,03 130,03
fOp'IH'lHbIe 100 - 1,0 1,0 8,0 8,0 118,00
C KOpIlUCJ1: 100 - 1,5 1,0 14,0 10,0 4,0 0,02 1,4 131,92
ThIMoHHble 100 - 0,5 1,5 1,0 0.03 103,03
JlIo611TeJJbCI<lIC 100 - 1,0 1.0 10,0 10,0 0,45 122,45
MamoT!<a 100 1,0 1,0 12,0 8,0 3,0 125,00
MOJlO'lHbIe 100 - 1,0 1,0 10,0 5,0 15,0 132,00
C MaKOM 100 - 0,5 1,5 1,0 1,5 1,5 106,00
HOBbIe 100 - 1,0 1,0 10,0 5,0 2,0 119,00
294
295
npoOO/l.JlCeIJue rn6/lul/bl 169
Macno
MYKa t!
HlUIMeHOBBHHe nmcHH'l-
H3,!J;emm HWI '" * t!
xne6o- N
co .,;
nCKap- 0. 1'" 0
HWI 0::- IQ ii
i 8 t:: Ii!
)1 0
B/c, I c, o . .,; 1.1 .,;
'S'" 0 0", '" Ii!
KI' KI' I :.r Ii 1>; III i
:.: 0 '" .,; .;
IQ - =* 0 0 0
as 8 15 tI 0.0. g m
1i'J Po "''''
'" 0 .. I:! 1.1 0
o 8 I:f 0.0 I:! Q.
'" '151 '" 1.1 8 0
U b:: I.I ..
MonoKo
'"
Ii!
15
Ii :z: .. gi
I%: g
.. ., 0
ii ., m ati a
0.
.,- !i! 1.1 0 0 )10 " -
0 1.1 '" .,
:z: '" ' .. gj
!i! 5 0. i :a
.; 0 ., to g,@ 0
tI '" .. ..
0 0 !if 0.",
:.: !i! 0 o Ef 00.
I%: '" I:! t:: IQ >. 0
'" 0 0 :i 0. 15 1.1 1.1 0. 9» .. E-<
5 >< .. ., ., » 151 0 '" .. cHI
>. ., It: It: :s:
::! 1.1 t:: E-< It: It! UI.I
1,5 104,50
TIpOCTbIe 100 - 0,5 1,5 1,0 103,00
To )l(C - 100 0,5 1,5 1,0 11 7,00
Cp;o6HbIe p;eTCKlle - 100 1,0 1,0 10,0 5,0 114,40
CI106Hble C C01IbIO 100 - 0,5 6,0 6 1,0 6,9B 2,0 110,00
CI106HbIe C TMH- - 100 D,S 2,5 1,0 4,0
HOM 106,90
COJleHbIe - 100 0,5 6,0 6 0,4 122,00
qafiHbIc - 100 1,0 1,0 12,0 4,0 4,0 124,00
qCJlHO'lOK 100 - 1,0 1,0 12,0 10,0 5,0 124,00
MHH CKHe 100 - 1,5 1,5 8,0 5,0 3,0 118,50
KnHBY 100 - 3,0 5,5 10,0
III. Ey6JDiKYI 0,04 116,04
BaHllJlb!IbIe - 100 1,5 1,5 10,0 3,0 120,50
rOp'lll'lHbIe - 100 1,0 1,5 10,0 8,0 114,00
JJ:OHCKHC - 100 1,5 1,5 4,0 7,0 0,2 120,70
1IHMoHHbIe - 100 1,0 1,5 10,0 8,0 15,0 1,0 122,00
M 0 rrO'IHbie - 100 0,5 1,5 2,0 2,0 1,0 105,50
npOCTbIC 100 1,0 1,5 2,0 1,0 1,0 107,50
C MaKOM - 100 1,0 1,5 3,0 1,0 1,0 107,50
C TMHHOM - 100 1,0 1,5 3,0 116,50
Cp;06Hble - 100 1,0 1,5 7,0 7,0 1,5 124,50
YK pallIlcKlIe 100 1,5 1,5 12,0 8,0
a npll oumapKe 6apaIW'lHbIX 1I3P;CJllIiI napoM naTOKY 113 pcucnTypbI lICKJlIO'lHTb.
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HaUMeHOBaHlle CLIPLH.
nony«lJa6puKaToB
U nOKa3aTeneH npol\ecca
Pacxog ChlpLJllI napaMeTPbI
npm-OTOBneHHJI TeCTa WIJI
MYKa nlI1eHlIIJHa51 XJleGolIeKapHaH
BbIClI1eI"O HJJlI nepBoro copTa, Kr
.lJ.P0)l()IO\ npeCCOBaHHble, Kr
cyweK 6apaHOK 6y6nllKoB
97 -96 97 -96 97 -96
Ha 0,5-0,7 Ha D,S -0,7 Ha 0,5-0,7
60nb!IIe, '1eM Gonbllle, '1CM 60nbllle, '1eM
IIO peuenTYpe no peuelIType no pcuenTYpe
no peucnTYpe no peuenType IIO peuenType
no paC'leTy no pac'IeTy no pac'IeTy
IIO peu elITy pe IIO peuenType no peuelIType
303
COJIb nOBapeHHa51 nllIUeBa5l, Kr
Bona, Kr
.lJ.onOJlHlITenbHOe CblpbC, Kr
I1poCJo.fDICenue Ta6/l. 175
l' a 6 JI H U a 176
Peuemypa II pe:ih>lM npurorOI!l.IIeHlIH recTa
ua ,D;HcnepruposliUJIOii IKlfAKOH tPa3e AJUI 6apaHO'IHhIX mp;e.mdi
PacxoA CWPhJl H napllM81'pbI no CTa-
,1IIIIHJIM npo ecca ,a;J1II
HlllIMeHOBlIHue CbIpbJl, nony<l»a6pHKaToB 6y6:nIHl<OB
H nOKa3areneii np01 ecca cyweK, 6apBHoK
>K.D;cl> I TeCTO >K.D;cl> I TecTO
MYKa mneHWlHaJI xneGolIeKapHaJI Bblcillero 15 -18 85 -82 15-20 85 -80
HJlII nepBoro COpTa, Kr
JI,pO)l()l(ll npeCCOBaIIHbIe, Kr'" 1I0 pe- I!O pe-
uenType uenTYpc
Conb nOBapCHHaJI nllIUeBaJI, Kr IIO pe- no pe-
uemype ucnrype
BO)J;a, Kr no pac- 5-10 no pac- 8-10
1IeTY 1IeTY
.[{olIOnHllTeJIbHOe Cblpbe, Kr IIO pe- 1I0 pe-
nelITYpe uenTYpe
)l{lIj1KaH nllcneprnpoBaHHaH q,a3a, Kr Bce KO- Bee KO-
nll'lCCTBO Jl1I1IeCTBO
BaHlIJIlIH, Macno nllMOHHoe, nllMOHHaH 3ceeH- no pe- no pe-
nRJI, Kap)J;aMOH, Kr ucnTYpe ucnTYpe
Bna)l(HOCTb, %: 45-63 28-38
cylI1eK
6apaHoK 48-61 30-32
6y6J1l1KOB 48-61 31 -36
npOp;On)l(l!TeJ1bHOCTb, MlIH: 3-5 3-5
CMeIllllBaHllH
j1HcIIeprnpoBaHlIH 5-8 5-8
TCMlIeparypa Ha1laJ'!b!{aJI, °C: 28-32 35-37
JJ)151 CYlI1eK
JJ)151 6apaHoK 28-32 32-34
JJ)1H Gy6J1l1KOB 28-32 32-34
npop;On)!(llTeJlbHOCTb Gp0)l(eHIUI, MlIH 20-30 20-30
KlICJJOTHOCTb I<OHC1lHaJI, rpap; 2,5-3,0 1,8-2,5 2,5-3,0 2,2-2,5
npOl1on)!(llTenbHOCTb OTJle)!(Kl1, MlIH: 10-20 10-20
110 HaTlIpI<lI
nOCJJe HaTlIpKlI 10-20 10-20
HaHMI!HOBaHHe CbIpl>JI,
nony«lJa6pUKaTOB
H nOKa3aTeneA npOl ecca
KMK3, Kr
BnamaoCTb, %
TeMTIepaTypa Ha'laJIbHaJ1, °c
KlICJJOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaJI, rpap;
np o l1 0 n)l(lITeJlWIOCTb OTne)l(KII, MlIH
P;O HaTllpKYI
nOCJJe HaTlIpKII
PaCXOA CbIpMI H napBMeTphI
IIpHrOTOBneHHII TeCTa A1IJl
cyweK 6apIIHOK 6y6IIHKOB
7,5-10 7,5-10 7,5-10*
28-38 30-32 31-36
35-37 32-34 32-34
2,0-2,8 2,5-3,0 3,0-3,5
10-20 15-25 IS -25
10-20 10-20 10-20
'" npH npllroToBneHlIlI TeCTa JJ)1H 6y6J1l1KOB KMK3 peKOMCHI1YCTCH lICIIOnb30BaTb
KHCJlOTHOCThIO He Gonee IS rpan.
npHrOTOJ3lIeHHe Teem H3 )KH.rU<O
.u;HcneprnpoBamfOiI: 4>a3e ()K)].CII)
)KHnKYlO .D;HcneprHpoBaHHylO <Pa3Y ()K.IJ:<I» npHronmnHBalOT H3 15-20%
MYKH, BOnbl, COnIi, p;onOnHHTenbHOro CbIpMI, npO>K)!(eH nyTeM CMennmaHlUl
H .D;HCneprHpOBaHIDl (HHTeHCHBHOro c6HBaHHH) B .D;HCnepraTOpe lIlC-300
H .u;PYTHX MeXaHHqeCKHX CMeCHTemIX B KOMlUIeKTe C HaCOCOM no nonyqeHHH
OJI,HOpoJI,HOH CMeTaH006pa3HoH MaCCbl Bna)!(HOCTblO 45,5 - 63% B 3aBHCHMO-
CTH OT peI.{errrypbl H3.u;enHH.
)KH,IJ;KYlO .D;HcneprHpoBaHH}'lO <Pa3Y rOTOBHT cpa3Y Ha HeCKonbKO 3aMe-
COB TeCTa C yqeTOM npo.u;OJ1)f(HTenbHOcrn pacxo.u;a He 60nee 60 MHH.
npHroToBnelllie >KH)J;KOH .D;HCneprHpOBaHHOH <pa3bI OffilcaHO B pa3.u;e-
ne 3.2.5.
,IJ,rrH 3aMeCa TeCTa B MaIllliH)r T2-M-63 H .u;p. .u;03HpYlOT: )l(HnKYlO .D;Hcnep-
rHpoBaHH}'IO <Pa3Y, MyKy, BOny (5-10 n), apoMaTH3aTOpbI, B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT copTa H3)J;enHH, H TIl\aTenbHO nepeMeIllHBalOT no nonY1IeHHH OJI,HOpOJI,HOH
MaCCbI.
PeI.{enTypa H napaMeTpbI TeXHOnOrHqeCKOrO npOI.{ecca npHrOTOBnellliH
TeCTa H3 ITInellliqHOH MYKH Ha >KH.u;KOH .D;HcneprHpOBaHHOH <pa3e npHBe.u;eHbI
B Ta6n. 176.
304
* .[{0311pOBKY Ap0)l()l(et!: YBeJllf1ll1DaIOT Ha 0,2-0,5 Kr npoTlIB HOpMbI, YCTaHOBnCH-
Hoil 1I0 pc!.\enType.
305
Orne)KKa, HaTHpKa, pa3neJIKa TeCTa
l' a 6 JI H U a 178
TecTo, nplU'OrOBneHHoe Op;HHM H3 BbIrneYKa3aHHbIX cnoc060B, nOCJIe
10-20 MHH nOKOH pa3pe3aJOT Ha KYCKH no 5-15 Kr H 3-4 pa3a nponycKaJOT
'lepe3 pH<pneHbIe BaJIblU>I Hampo'lHOll M8llIHHbI H-I,\ H- ,{H4M H np., a recro,
nplU'OrOBneHHoe Ha MOnO'lHOM CbIBOpOTKe,- He Me-Hee 7-8 pa3. nOCJIe Ha.
THpKH IDIaCT reCTa CBopatIHBaJOT B BHne pynoHoB H OCTaBnHIOT ]J,J1H Orne)KKH
Ha 10-20 MHH.
npH MeXaHH3HpOBaHHoM npoH3BOncrBe 3aMemaHHoe reCTO cpa3Y )Ke
nocrynaer B HarHpo'lH)'1O MalllHHY, rne eM}' npHAaerCH <popMa IDIacra, KOTO-
.I>!Y ll pa3pe3alOr Ha KYCKH MaccoM 5-15 Kr H OCTaBnHIOT ]J,J1H Ome)l(KH.
Pa3nenKY H <pOpMOBKY 6ap3H0'IHOrO recra npOH3BO)J.JU B M3lllHHe ymmep-
CaJIbHOll nenHTenbHO-3aKaTO'lHOH E4-58 HAp. MapoK H BPY'lH)'1O "B pac-
KaTKY" HIUI Ha "numoK". OpHeHTHpOBO'lHaJI. Macca reCTOBOH 3arorOBKH
H KOnWIeCrBO mrYK B 100 r npHBeAeHbI B ra6n. 177.
Pa3J\ ep CMeHHbIX OpraHOB ,!:\eJIHTCJIbHO PMOI30'IHOH MaIl.!liRbI E-4-58
HllliMeHOBaHue 1I3JJ;eJlli51
OpueHTUpOBO'l-
HIUI Macca
TeCTOBOH
3arOTOBKH, l'
Konu1lecTBO
3arOTOBOK
B 100 r. lIlT
Kon-BO ,nHSMeTp, MM
HlUiMCHOBIUIUe lDJJ;emdi IIlTYK
B 1 Icr CK8.'10K c6pacbI-
DaTeneH
Ey6nuKlIli3 MYKlf nlI1CHH'IHofi I COpTa MaccoR 85; 87 105; 108 105; 108
0,1 Kr
EyGnHKH H3 MYKYI nlI1cHl!'IHoR I copTa MaccoR 66 85 85
0,05 Kr
EapaIlKlI IIpOCTbIC 113 MYKII nlI1eHH'IHoR I copTa 30-35 57 73 73
EapaIlKlI cAoGHblc II rOp'ill'IHbIC 113 MYKII nlI1c- 25-30 57 76 76
HII'IHott BbIClI1ero II i copTa
Ea p3lIKlI caxapHbIC 113 MYKII ITIIICHII'lHoR 30-40 59 75 75
I cOpTa
CYlI1KiI C MaKOM 113 MYKH IIIllCHH'lHoR BblClI1C- 110-130 33 45 45
1'0 copTa
CylI1KiI BaHlIJIbHbie 113 MYKII flIlleHlI'IHoR BbIC- 110-120 34 45 45
lI1cro copTa
CYIllKlI moGlITeJlbCKlIe 113 MYKII nIlleHH'IHoit 90-110 46 57 57
BbiClI1Cro copTa
CYlI1KH ,,'IeJ1HOQOK" 113 MYKH IIlI1CHH'IHoit BbIC- 100-110 46 57 57
lUero copTa
CYlI1KlI rop'lH'C-IbiC 113 MYKII IIlI1CHII'IHoit Bble- 105-110 33 45 45
Illero copTa
CylI1KlI cn06HbIC P;CTCKilC 1I3 MYKII nlI1CHJPI- 100-110 33 45 45
HOit I COpTa
CYIllKlI npoCTbI!: 113 MYKH nlI1CHlI'IHoit BbIC- 110-130 33 45 45
Illcro CO pTa
CYlI1KlI IlpOCTbie 113 MYKII nIllCHH'lHoit 100-110 33 45 45
I copTa
Cy Ill}, H "MaJ1IOTI<a" 113 MYKII fllI1CHH'IHoit 220-240 n 37 37
I copTa
CYlI1Im '1attHblc 113 MYKII nlI1CHlI'IHoit I copTa 100-120 34 45 45
CYlI1KlI MlIHClClIC 113 !l4YKlI mncHlI'IHoit BblC- 110-120 34 45 45
IllCro co pTa
TaGJllIua 177
E y6nllI<lI
Eapal{KH IIpOCTblC
EapaHkil rop'l1l1lHbIC
EapaHKlI caxapHble
EapaHI<1I cnoGHbic
EapaHI<iI MOnO'IHble
EaplUlKlI caxapHblc C MaKOM
CYIllKlI COJIcHbiC II nI0611TeJlbCKH'C
CYlI1KlI Bcex P;Pyrilx COpTOB
lI6-119
34-36 3-4
40 45 3-2
34- 36 3-4
40-45 3-2
--------
36-39 3-4
36-39 3-4
13-14 8-7
11-12 9-8
B ra6n. 178 npHBeAeHbI pa3MepbI CMeHHbIX opraHOB 1J,JlH AenHrenbHO-
<pOpMOBO'lHOM M8llIHHbI E4-58. npHMeHHeMbIe npH <popMoBKe 6apaHO'lHbIX
H3AenHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT BHna H3nenHR H He06xoAHMOrO KOnH'IeCrBa I11rYK
BIKr.
n p H M e 'I a H H e. YKa33HHbIe B Ta6JJ:HLle p;H3Merpl>I Cr3.KaHOB - BHyr-
pemme. ,lJ,JIH BbIpa60rKH 6y6JJ:HKOB MaJIoro Ce'leHIDI, HO 60nbl11oro AH3MeTpa
npHMeHRIOrcH CTaKaHbI AH3MeTpoM 108 MM H cooTBercrBYIOIUHe HM CK3JlKH
AIiaMerpoM 85 MM ]J,J1H reCTa CJIa60ll KOHCHcremurn: Ii 87 MM - ]J,J1H 60nee
KpenKoro TeCTa.
npn PY'lHOH p33nenKe recra "B paCKaTKY" TecTO pa3pe3aIOT Ha KYCKH
MaCCOM He oonee 8-10 Kr. KYCOK recra cnerK3 pa3MHHaJOT B IDIaCT H npo-
nycKaIOT 'Iepe3 npOKarHO-)I(ryrope3HyIO Maunrny E-2. nonY'leHHbIe 3!!I'orOB-
KH nOABcpraIOT KOpOTKOH P}"IHOH npOKarKe, 3arCM OCraBnRIOT Ha 10-
306
307
15 MHH WUI OTrre)KKH, nocrre '1ero CPOPM}lOT TeCTOBbIe KOrrbl.{a. )J,JUI o6ecne-
'1eHHH xopollieH paCTH)!Q{MOCTH TeCTa cpOpMOBKY 6apaHOK Ha'IHHaIOT C nepBO-
HaqaJIbHO paCKaT<iliHOrO KOHl.{a.
TecToBbIe KOJIbl.{a erraIOT crre,[lylOIl\HM 06pa30M. npaBoii: PYKOH 3a)K}f-
MalOT KOHel.{ 3arOTOBKH 60rrbumM H YKa3aTerrbliliIM narrbl.{aMH. npOnITH-
BalOT 3arOToBKY 'Iepe3 crrerKa 3a ep)KHBaIOIl\}'lO ee rreBYIO PYKY, oHr6aIOT
elO }J,Ba-'IeTbIpe naJIbl.{a npaBOH PYKlI B 3aBHClIMOCTlI OT pa3Mepa H3AerrlIH,
HaKrra}J;bIBaH Ha KOHel.{, HaxO)J)lII.(IIHCH Me)K,l:(Y naJIbl.{aMH. Kor a I<Orrbl.{O
OKIDKeTCH 3aMKHYTbIM, npaBoii: PYKOii: 3aroToBKY 06pbIBaIOT, nplI nOM yr<a-
3aTerrbHbIM H 60rrbumM naJIbl.{aMlI npaBOH PYKlI KOHI.U>I IUIOTHO C)KHMaIOT,
06Pa3YH crrHn (,,3aMOK").
npH cpopMOBKe KOrrel.{ rrH 6apaHOK WIH Crrra)KHBaHHH BHnHMbIX CJ1e OB
emma H ypaBHHBaHIU! TOrrII.(IIHbI nol'o MeCTa C 06weH TOrrIl\HHOH 6apaHKlI
MeCTO cnHna 3aKaTbIBaIOT B rra,rI,OHH neBOH PYKlI WIH Ha CTorre.
npH cpopMOBKe KOrrel.{ nnH CYllieK MeCTO cnHna IUIorno coenuHHloT
Ha)!Q{MOM 60nbilioro naJIbl.{a npaJ30H PYKH.
BaHHJIbHbIM, nHMOHHbIM 6apaHKaM II cyrnKaM ,,'IenHO'lOK" npH aIOT
BbITHH)'T}'lO OBaJIbH)'1O CPOPMY.
Pa3 errKa TeCTa "Ha rrmnOK". npH pa3 errKe TeCTOBbIX KOrrel.{ WIH 6apa-
HO'lHbIX H3 errlIH "Ha WHnOK" OT 3arOTOBKH OTpbIBaIOT PYKOH KYCKH TeCTa,
paBHbIe Macce 6y6nHKoB WIH 6apaHOK (c }"!eTOM yneKa). KYCO'lKH TeCTa
paCKaTbIBalOT Ha CTorre rra OIDIl\rn B MaJIeHbKHe 3arOTOBKH WIlIHOH, OCTa-
TO'lHOll WIH nonY'IeHHH 6apaHO'l1fi>IX H3 errHii:, Orr)KHOrO pa3Mepa. nocne
paCKaTKlI KOHIU>I 3arOTOBOK COeAllHmOT Ha)K}fMOM O.IUIoro Ha PyroH (cmill)
H 3aKaTbIBalOT rrH 06eCne'leHHH paBHOMepHOll TOnII.(IIHbI H rrra I<Oll nOBepx-
HOCTH H3 enHH.
BbIlleqKY H3 errHH npOH3BO)J)lT B ne'lax /DTn, C-25 (f4-nx3-C-25),
EH II p.
npO Orr)K}ITerrbHOCTb BJome'lKH: CYllieK - 12-18 MIDI, 6apaHOK -11-
17 I\lliH H 6y6rrHKoB - 9-18 MlIH npH TeMnepa-rype ne'll! /DTn -180- 270°C,
nxC-25 (f4-nX3-C-25)-165-250°C H EH - 230-290°C.
YnaKoBK3 H xpaHeiIHe H3 emdt
E apaHO'lHbIe 1I3,o;enHH BblnyCKaJOT BeCOBbIMH H paecpaeOB3HHbIMH.
BecoBble 6apaHO'l1fi>Ie H3 enHJ! HaHH3bIBalOT Ha IlInaraT B CBH3KH Ha If!i-
3aJIbHOH MaIUHHe WIll BpY'ffiY1O H XpaHHT B nO}J,BellIeHHOM COCTOHHHH
Ha IlIrnme'lHbIX BaroHeTKax nOp,KaTHbIX WIH cT HoHapHblx OT errbHO OT
xne606yrrO'l1fi>IX H3 errlIH, WIH B oxna)K)J;eHHOM BH e ynaKOBbIBaIOT B HIl\IIKH
WIH 6}'MIDKHbIC MellIKlI.
Ey61lHKH onyCKaeTcH yKJIa,IJ;bIBaTb B rrOTKH pH aMlI.
PaccpacoBKY 6apaHOQHbIX H3 errHH MaCCOH OT 0,2 o 0,25 KT npoH3Bo-
)J)lT Ha aBToMaTax AP-4>K H p.
CYIIIKa npoCT8JI
CYIliKY npoc-ry1O Bblpa6aTbIBaIOT H3 rnueHH'lHOH MYKH I H BbIClliero
COpTOB no fOCT 7128-81. CyrnKa npOCTaJI HMeeT cpoPMY KOJIbl.{a, KOllH-
'IeCTBO llITYK B 1 Kr - 11 0-130.
PacCToi!:Ka, oumapKa (o6BapKa) H Bbme'lKa
CcpOpMOBaHHble TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH YKna,rI,bIBaJoT Ha cpaHepHbIe OCKH
WIH KaCCeTbI, KOTopble nOMewalOT B paccToHHbIH IlIKacp.
06CbIllKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK npoH3Bo HT npH YKJIa Ke Ha KacceTbI
WIH OCKH. OplIeHTHpOBO'lHaJI npo orr)!Q{TenbHocTb paccToHKH B 33BlICHMO-
CTII OT copTa 1I3 errHH: 6y6nHKoB - 90-120 MlIH, qapaHoK - 40-120 MlIH,
cyrneK - 15-55 MlIH. HaH60rree 6naronpIDITHbIe ycnoBlIH WIH paccTOHKH
C03 aIOTCR npH TeMnepaType 35-40°C II OTHOCIITenbHOll Bna)KHOCTH B03,[1yxa
75-85%.
OllinapKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK npoH3BOJJ,RT B !)T enbHOH napoBoH Ka-
Mepe WIH BXO HIl\eH B COCTaB paccTOHHo-ollirrapO'lHbIX-ne'lHbIX arperaTOB
WIH ollinapo'llIo-ne'llIoro arperaTa. npO on)!Q{TerrbHocTb OllinapKH-
1-3,5 MlIH. -----
npii OTCYTCTBHH OllinapO'IIIOH KaMepbI 3arOTOBKH o6BapHBalOT B cne-
I.{lIaJIbHOH eMKOCTH npii TeMnepa-rype BOAbI 92-95°C B Te1leHlIe: CyrnKH -
45-90 c, 6apaHKH - 20-60 c, 6y6nHKH - 5-20 c, nocrre o6BapKlI 3arOTOBKH
o6cyumBaIOTcH.
ODHcaIllie TeXHOnOrH'leeKOrO Dpon ecca
TecTo WIH CYIliKH npoCTOH rOTOBHT rrlO6bIM H3 BbIllIeOIDIcaHHbIX cno-
C060B.
Pel.{enTypa H pe)l(lfM nplITOTOBneHHH reCTa onapHhIM H YCKopeHHbIM
(Ha KOHl.{eHTpHpOBaHHOH MOJIO'lHOKHCnOH 3aKBaCKe) crroco6aMlI no OT enb-
HhIM CTa,rI,HHM TeXHOnOJ'WIeCKOrO npOl.{eCca npe CTaBneHbI B TaM. 179.
308
309
T a 6 n II U a 179
YnaKOBKa H XpaHeHHe
Pcqcmypa If pC1KHM npllTOTOBJlCHHH TecTa J1JI5I CYUIIO! npOCTOH Ha onapc
IIJIlI KOHqCUTpllpOBaIlHOH MOJlO'lHOKHCJ10H 3aKDaCKC
rOTOBbIe H3 eriHH yI,iaKoBhlBalOT H xpaHJIT B COOTBeTCTBInl C rOCT
7128-81.
HaHMCIIOBaHlle CblpbH, nony<pa6pllKaToB
II nOKll3aTenCU npo ccca
PacxoJ:\ CbIpbH n napaMCTpbI
no CTa;J.HHM I1pnrOTOBnCHIDl
TecTa cnoco60M
CymKa mo6mem.CKIUI
onapHbIM YCKOPCIIHbIM
onapa [ TeCTO KMK3 I TeCTO
20,0 80,0 2,3-3,1 96-97
0,5 1,5
27,7-
29,2
1,9-2,5 7,5 -10
7,2-8,7 no pac'I. 3,3-4,4 no paCtIo
1,5 1,5
1,0 1,0
38 41 36 - 38 65,0 36-38
28-31 30-36 36-39 35-37
210- 300 780-1080
2,5-3,5 2,0-2,5 15 -18 2,0-2,5
3,0-4,0 2,5-3,0 15-20 2,0-2,8
CyrnKY JII05HTeJIbCKYID BbIpa6aThmaJOT H3 nrneHH'IHOH MYKH BhICrne1'O
copTa no rOCT 7128-81.
CyrnKa nlO6HTeJIbCKaH HMeeT cpoPMY KOJIbn;a, KOJIH'iCCTBO IlITYK
B 1 K1' - 95-110.
MYKa nillCHiI'lHa51 xnc60ncKapHa51 BbIcllIero
1IJ111 nepBoro copTa, Kr
.QpO)lOKii npCCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
Onapa, Kr
OIIHC3HHe TeXHOJIOnflJeCKOrO npon;ecca
KMK3, Kr
Bona, Kr
COJIb nODapCHHa51 IIlI1I1CBaH, Kr
Caxap-IIccoK, Kr
BnaJl(HOCTh, %
TCMIIcpaTypa Hat/aJlbHaH, °c
npOnOn)l(lfTeJlbHOCTb Gp0)l(CIIIi5I, MlIH
KlICJJOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaH, rpap;:
DbIClI1CrO capTa
I cOpTa
TecTo 1JllH cyrnKH nlO6HTenbcKoH 1'OTO'EHT nlO6biM BbIllIeOlllicaHHbIM cno-
C060M.
PC! CIuypa H pe)KJfM npHrOTOBJIeHWI TeCTa onapHbIM H YCKopeHHbIM
(Ha )i<H KOli AHCncp1'HpoBaHHoH cpa3e) cnoco5aMH no OT eJIbIIbIM CTa,lUffiM
TeXHOJIOrH'IeCKoro npou;ecca npKBe eHbI B TaUJI. 180.
T a 6 n 11 q a 180
Pcuemypa II PC)l(HM npIlrOTOBJlewU! Tecm J1JI5I CYUIICH mo6meJIbCKOii Ha onape
lIJIlI YCKOPCHHbIM CIIOco60M Ha KOiI: AHCl1eprHpODaHHOH £Pa3C
Orne>KKa, HaTHpKa, pa3 enKa TeCTa, pacCToih,a,
oumapKa H Bhme'lKa
TecTo, npnroToBneHHoe O HHM H3- BbIIlIeYK33aHHbIX cnoco6oB, Hocne
10-20 MHH nOKon pa3pe3alOT Ha KYCKH no 5-15 Kr H 3-4 pa3a nponycKaIOT
'lepe3 pHcpneHbIe BaJIbIJ;bI HaTHpO'lHOH MaIillfHbl. nocne HaTHpKH lUIaCTbI TeCTa
CBopa'IHBaJOT B BH e pynoHoB H OCTaBJlJlIOT ):VIR OTne>KKll Ha 10-20 MHH.
npH MCXaHH3HpOBaHHoM npoH3Bo cTBe 33MellIeHHoe TeCTO cpa3Y )KC IIOCTY-
naeT B HarnpO'IHYIO M3llIHH)', rD,e eMY npH,IJ;aeTCn cpopMa nnacra, KOTOpbIH
pa3pe3aJOT Ha KYB'KH MaccoH 5-15 Kr, H OCTaBJIHIOT IUIn OTne)KK1L Pa3 enKY
H cpOpMOBKY TCCTa HpOH3BO HT B CJIHTCnbHo-3aKaTO'lHOH MallIlIHC lliIH
BPY'IH)'IO.
PaccToHKY npoH3Bo HT B paccTOHHoM rnKacpy npH TeMnepaType 35-
40°C H OTHOCHTenbHOH BnIDKHocrn B03 yxa 75-85% B Te1.JeHne 15-55 MHH.
OumapKY TeCTOBbIX 33rOTOBOK npOH3Bo HT napoM B oT enbIloH IIapo-
BOH KaJ\.lepc lliIH BXOD,Hl.l\eH B COCTaB arperaTa paCCTOHHo-ornnapo'J:Horo _
nellHoro HJIH ornHapo'LHo-neIlHo1'o B TelleHHe 1-3,5 MJIH. npH OTCYTCTBIill
oumapO'lHOH KaMepbI 3arOTOBKH 06BapKBalOT B CneU;HaJIbHOll: eMKOCTH npH
TeMneparype BOJU,I 92-95°C B TelleHHe 45-90 c.
BbIlIeKalOT H3 cnHfI B Te'leHHe 12-16 I\lliH npH TCMnepaType nCIIH 200-
260°C.
Pacxo CbIpbH II nap8MeTpbI no CTI!,I:\IUlM
HaII1\,ICHOBaHHC CbIPbf!, I1pHrOTOBnCH1IR TCCTa cnoc0611MH
nony.pa6pHKaTOB
II nOKa3aTenCH npOl.\ccca onapIIhIM YCKopemlbIM
onapa I TeCTO <1> I TC<::TO
MYKa IIlileHlI'JHaH xnc60nCKapna51 20 EO 15 85
BblC!!Jcro copTa, la'
JJp0)l()K]1 npCCCOBaHHLIe, KT 1,0 1,5*
Gna pa, Kr 28,0-29,4
)I{JJ<!>, Kr 59,7-60,8
Bona, ({I' 7,0-8,4 no paC'lcTY 22,2-23,3 no paC'IeTY
COJIL IIoBapeHHaH IIlIIJJ;eBa.H, 1<1' I,D 1,0
Caxap-necoK, Kr 10,0 10,0
MaprapllH CTOJIOBbIfi, Kr 10,0 10,0
11lIMoHHa51 3CCeUIJ,lI5I, Kr 0,45 0,45
TCMnepaT'.ipa Ha'laJIbHa5l, °c 28-31 30-36 28-32 35-37
npoJJ;on )f(IlTCJIbHOCTb Gp0)l(eHlI5I, 210-300 20-30
MHH
KlICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IIIaJ1, rpap; 2,5-3,5 2,0-2,5 2,5 -3,0 1,8-2,5
Bna)l(HOCTb, % 38-41 31,0 45,5 -46,5 31,0
* YBemI'ICHa n0311pOBKa Ap0)l()l(efi Hn 0,5 Kr npoTIIB HOpMb!, YCTaHoDneHHofi no
peueIITYpc.
310
311
Orne)KKa, HampKa, pa3geJ1Ka Tecra, paccTofiKa,
oumapKa H BbIne<lK8
Ta6nllua 181
Pel{emypa H p HM IJpIll'OTOBmHUI TecTa AJIH 6yiiiJIHKOB )'KpaHHCKHX no 0 nape
HJlII KOIl CHTpHpOBaHHOii MOnO'IHOKHCJ101f 3aKBaCKe -
TecTo, npl1:rOToBnemme ogHJ-IM H3 BblIlleYKa3aHHbIx cnoc060B, nocne
10-20 MilH nOKOH pa3pe3aloT Ha KYCKH no 5-15 Kr H 3-4 pa3a nponYCKalOT
'Iepe3 pH<pneHbIe BaJ1bl(bI HaTIipO'IHOH MamHHbI.
nocne HaTHpKH IUIaCThI TeCTa CBOpa'IHBaIOT B BHge PynoHoB H OCTaB-
nHIOT roIH Ome)KKH Ha 10-20 MilH. npH MexaHH3HpOBaHHOM npOH3BogcTBe
3aMeIllaHHoe TeCTO cpa3Y )l(e nocrynaeT B HarHpo'IHYIO MaIIDlH}', rge eMY
npHgaeTcR «popMa IUIacra, KOTOpbIH pa3pe3alOT Ha KYCKH MaccoH 5-15 Kr
H OCTaBnHlOr gnH Orne)l(KH. Pa3genKY II «pOpMOBKY reCTa npoH3BogHT B ge-
nHTcnbHo-3aKaTOl/HOH ManmHe IDIH BpY'IHYID.
PaccroHKY npOH3BO}J,RT B paccroHHoM IllKa«py npH reMnepa1)'pe 35-
40°C H orHocHTenbHoH BnIDKHocrH B03gyxa 75-85% B Tel/eHHe IS-55 MilH.
OillnapKY TecrOBbIX 3arorOBOK rrpoH3BogHT B oTgenbHoH rrapoBoM
KaMepe HJ1H BxogRllIeH B COCTaB paccroHHo-oillnapo'lliO-nC'IHOro arperara
B re'lelllIe 1-3,5 MilH. npH oTcyrcrBHH OillnapOl/HOM KaMcpbI 3arorOBKH
06BapHBaJoT B CrreI.{H8J1bHOM eMKOCTH npH reMneparype BO)J;bI 92-95° C
B TC'ICllliC 45-90 c. BbirreKaIOT H3gemm B Te'leHHC 14-18 MHH npH TCMnepa-
1)'pc 210-250°C.
HallMeHOBBHHe CbIpbR,
nonY«lJ86pHKaTOB
H nOK838Teneii np01 ecca
Pacxop; CbIpbR H nap8MCTpbI no CTa,nHJIM
IIpHl'OTOBflCHHR TeCTS cnOC060M
onapHWM YCKOPCHHbIM
onapa I TecTO KMK3 I TeCTO
20- 30 80-70 2,3-3,1 96-97
1,5 2,0*
MYKa ITlI1CHlI'lHaJl xneGoneKa pHaJl
nepOOrD COpTa, Kr
J].P0)l()!(lI xnc50lIcKapHbIC IIpecco-
BaHHbiC, Kr
Ollapa, Kr
KMK3, Kr
BO)];a, Kr
Conb nOBapeHHaH nllll(eB8JI, Kr
Caxap-nCCOK, Kr
MaprapHH cronoBLIfi, Kr
MaK,Kr
TeMnepaTYpa Ha'laJIb!{aJ1, °c
npol10n)!(llTenbHOCTb GpO)l(eHIUI, 'I
KlICJ10THOCTb KOHe'IHa5l, rpap;
Bna)l(HOCTb, %
YnaKOBKa H Xp8HCHHe
* YBCJllI'IeHa P;0311pOBKa Apo)l()I(eli Ha 0,5 -0,7 Kr lIpoTllB HOpMbi, YCTaHOBneHHoll
no peu,enTYpe.
rOTOBbIe H3genHR HaHH3bIBalOT Ha Illnarar no 100-150 Illr. B 1 CBR3Ke
H nocne oxna)l(geHJ1R pOCCblIIblO HnH B CBH3Kax «PacYIOT B 6YMIDKHbIe
MelllKH WIH Kop06KH.
28,2-29,6
6,7-12,6
1,9-2,5
4,4- 5,3
7,5-10,0
IIO pac'leTY
1,5
12,0
8,0
1,5
32-34
1I0 pac'IeTY
1,5
12,0
8,0
1,5
30- 34
36-39
13-18
15
65
3,0- 3,5
31-36
28-31
3,5 -5,0
2,5 -4,0
38-41
2,5 -3,5
31-36
OrnC)KKa, HarnpKa, p83,neJ1Ka'TeCTa, paccroAKa,
oumapKa H BLlIIeotK8
TecTo, nplITOTOBneHHoc OAHHM H3 BbIIlleYKaJaHHbIX cnoc060B, nocne
10-20 MHH nOKOH pa3pe3aIOT Ha KYCKH no 5-15 Kr H 3-4 paJa npo-
rrycKaJOr 'ICpe3 pH«pncHbIc B8J1bl.{bI HaTHpO'IHOH MaIilllHbI.
nocnc HarHpKH IUIaCThI TeCTa CBOpa'lHBaJOT B BHge pynoHoB H OCTaBJ1IDOT
)J.JIR Ome)l(KH Ha 10-20 MilH.
npH MeXaHH3HpoB8HHOM npOH3BOgCTBC 38MeIllaHHOC TCCTO cpa3Y )KC
nOC1)'naeT B Harnpo'lHYIO MaIIDlH}', rge eMY npHgaeTcR «popMa IUIaCTa, KOTo-
pbIH paJpe3aIOT Ha KYCKH MaccoH 5-15 Kr H OCTaBnmoT WUI OmC)KKH, Pa3-
genKY, «pOpMOBKY TeCTa npOH3BO}J,RT B gcnHTcnbHO-3aKaTO'IHOH ManmHe
HJ1H BPY'IHYIO.
PaCCTOHKY npOH3BO}J,RT B paCCTOHHOM llIKa«PY npH TCMnepaType 35-
40°C H OTHocHTenbHoH Bna:>KHOCTl! B03 xa 75-85% B Te'leHHe 90-'-120
MHH. OillnapKY TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK I1pOH3BO}J,RT B oTgenbHoH napoBoH
KaMepe IDIH BXO}J,Rl.l\eH B COCTaB paccToHHo-OillnapO'IHO-ne'IHoro arpcraTa.
E y61IlfK YKPIlHHCKIill
Ey6nHK YKpanHcKHH BbIpa6aTbIBaJOT H3 ffillellli'IHOH MYKH rrepBoro cop-
Ta no rOCT 7128-81, MaccoH 0,1-0,05 Kr.
OIIHcaHHC TCXH0J10nfllCCKOrO I1pol.{ccca
TecTo )J.JIR 6y6JlliKa YKpamlcKoro rOTOBHT n106b1M BbIIlleonHcaHHbIM
cnoc060M.
Pel.{emypa H pe)l(JiM npHrOTOBnCllliR TeCTa orrapHbIM H YCKopeHHbIM
(Ha KOHl.{eHTpHpOBaHHOH MOnO'lHOKHCnOH 3aKBaCKe) crroc06aMH 1100Tgcnb-
HbIM CTa,lJ,HRM TeXHonorWleCKoro rrpol.{ecca rrpegcTaBneHbI B Ta6n. 181.
312
313
np OTCYTCTI!HH OllmapO'lHOH KllMepbl 3arOTOBKH 06BapHBaI01' B cnCli:H3JIb-
HOH CMK OCTH npn TCMncparypc BOAhI 92-9S o C B TCqCHIie 5-20 C. TIcpc
noca,rJ,KOH n nc'lb H3J];CJUUI nOCbmmOT MaKOM. TIpH pa60Tc Ha KOMrmCKCHO-
MeXaHH3HpOBaHHbIX lIHHHHX oIlycKaC1'CJI HCnOJIb30BaHHC MaKa npn 3aMcce
rCCTa H 06CbIliKa HM 1'CCTOBbIX 3ar01'OBOK.
YnaKOBKa H xpauemre
Mmll1MaJIbHbIH BbIXOJJ; cyxapcH npH BlI3)[(HOC1'l1 MYKH 14,5 -85,5%.
TCXHOlIOnI1.JCCKlill npouccc npm:l3BoJJ;CTBa cyxapcH CKJIa)J.bIBaCTCJI
H3 ClICJJ;YroUWX OCHOBHbIX 4>a3 H oIIcpaUHii :
nplirOTOBJICIiliC TCCTa H Bbme'lKa xnc6a lUll:! cyxapHblx IUIHT;
Bbl)J,Cp)l(Ka xnc6a H cyxapHblx IUIHT;
pC3Ka xnc6a H cyxapHblx IUIHT Ha 1I0MTH;
YKJIaJJ;Ka 1I0MTCfI B KaCCCTbl, Ha 1lliCTbl, Ha nOJJ; nC1fiI;
cyrnKa;
oxna:>K.II:CIiliC 1:1 oT6paKoBKa cyxapcH;
YlIaKoBKa.
Cnoc06bl npHroToBlIcHHfI TCCTa 11 BbmCqKa xnc6a, npc)J,Ha3Ha1.JCmIOrO
JJ;JIfi Bblpa601'Kll cyxapcH, HcnolIb3yroTCJI 06bI'lHbIC, npHHJIThIC Ha npOl13-
BOgCTBC.
KaqCCTBO xnc6a IUIfi cyxapcH JJ;OlI)l(HO COOTBCTCTBOBaTh Tpc60BaHWlM
JJ;CHCTBYIOUWX cnlH]J,ap1'OB, KpOMC BJIa)I(HOCTH.
BlIa)I(HOCTh xnc6a IUIJI cyxa pCH JJ;omKHa OblTb B %, HC 601ICC:
H3 MYKH p)l(aHofI 060HHOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49;
H3 MYKII P)l(aIlO-liIIICIiliqUOH 060iiHoH ............48;
H3 MYKH muCHlIqUOH o60i'moH ................ 47;
II copTa ................ 45;
1 COpTa ................ 44.
fOTOBbIC H3JJ;eJUUI HaHH3bIBaIOT Ha umaraT l"",ill:l IUI3IIIMJI YKJIa)J.bIBaIOT
B gCPCBJIHHbIC JI1l(HKH H JIOTKH.
5.4. IlPOH3BO,QCTBO CYXAPHbIX H3.QEJIHi1
5.4.1. CyxapH apMci:tcKHe
CyxapH apMcIIcKHC Bblpa6aThIBaIOT no fOCT 686-83 H3 xnc6a H cyxap-
HbIX IUlliT.
Cyxapn npC CTaBJUnoT C060H 1I0MTH xne6a ImH cyxapHblx IDIUT, BbICY-
mCHHbIC ,[01JI npIl)J,aHHR HM CTOHKOCTH IIPH xpaHclUlli H B 3aBHCHMOCTH
01' COpTOB MYKH nOJJ;pa3 clImoTcfI Ha CJICrorIOll.\HC BHgbI:
cyxapH P)l(aHbIC 060HUb1C;
cyxapH p)l(aHo-n:llICHH'lHble 060HHbIC;
cyxapH muCHHqHbIC 1:13 MYKH 060HHOH, I, II COpTOB.
.1.I)1JI cyxapcli npHMCHRIOTCJI cyxapHbIC fillHThI 113 MYKU nmCUH'lHOM ncp-
Boro, BToporo COpT on H xnc6 CJICJJ;yromHx HaHMCHOBaH!fii:
xnc6 p)I(aJ!Oli npoCToli no fOCT 2077-84;
YJ1c6 p)l(aHo-mucHHqHbIH npOCTOM: no fOCT 2077-84'
xnc6 mucHHqUblH l!3 060HHOH MYKH no fOCT 27842':'88'
XJlcB IIIlIeHHtnllilli H3 MYKH ncpBoro, BToporo CO TOB no fOCT
27842-88;
yJ1c6 ,,3a6aMKaJIbCKHH" no fOCT 27842-88.
BbmC'IKa xnc6a IlpoH3BogHTCn B «popMax xnc60ncKapHblx no fOCT
17327-88.
X1Ic6 IUIfl cyxapefI Bblpa6aThlBaIOT no pcuciiTypaM H HHCTPYKUHJIM,
YTBCp)I():J:CHHbIM B YCTaHOBlICHHOM nopfl.D:KC.
,anR cyxapHblx IUlHT YCTaHaBJIUBaCTCfl ClICrorIOmcC COOTHomCHHC qaCTcfI
CblpMI no Maccc:
BbmCtII<Y xnc6a npoli3BO)J.JIT B «popMaX xnc60ncKapHblx no fOCT
17327-88, 06pa6oTaHHbIX IIOJIliMCpHbIM nOKpbITliCM no TCXHOlIOr.H1.JCCKliM
IffiCTPYKUHHM, yrBCP:>K.II:CHHbIM B YCTaHOBlICHHOM nopfl Kc.
n p II M C q a H II C. TIOJJ;COlIHCqHOC Macno JJ;lIH CMa3KH «pOpM H JIHCTOB
npHMeHRTb no corlIaCOBaHHIO C 3aKa3qHKOM.
TCCTO )J)1H cyxapHbIX IUIHT rGTOBHTCfI oIIapHblM cnoc060M (Ta6n. 182).
T a 6 n lIU a 182
PeuenTypa II peJKllM npllrOTOBJlCHHH TeCTa AJJ5I cyxapIIbIX nJIHT
HaH1\fenOB8HHe Cblpbfl,
nony.pa6pUI<aTOB U
nOI<a3a TencH npollecca
PaCXOA CbIpbH U napaMcTpbI
no CTa)].HlIM
onapa
pa3ACJ1Ka (Ha
nOACbInI<Y)
MYKa IIUICHHqH<UI I HlIH II copTa . . . . . . . . . . . . .
gpO)!()KJi npeCCOBaJIlThIC* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COlIb nOBapeHHaR nHIl!CBafl ................
100,0
1,0
1,0
MYKa !IlI1eHlI'IHaJ1 xne60ncl<apHaH I copTa, Kr
llpO>K)fQ\ xneGoneKapHblc IIpeCCOBaIIIIbIC, Kr
Conb nOBapCHHa5I nllIueBa5I, Kr
BOAa, Kr
TeMlIepaTYpa Ha'laJIhHaH, 0 C
npOp:on>KlITeJlbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHIUI, MlIH
KIICJJOTIIOCTh KOHC'lHa5I, rp .u.
Bna>KHOCTb, %
57
1,0
40
3
29-30
28-30
240-300
3,5-4,5
42-43
1,0
no pac'lCTY
32-34
60-70
2,5-3,5
38-39,5
* KOnll'leCTBO npeCCOBaIlHbIX P;p0>K)lwfi MO)l(eT 1I3MeHHTbCH B 3aDlIClIMOCTlI OT Ka-
'IeCTBa MYKlI, T.J;pO)K)I(eilll ycnOBlIil IIp01l3BOp;CTBa.
314
315
P83].WnIGt, paoc1'0100," H BLlDellKa cyxapBLIX mmr
YlOIaJIKa JIOMTe
Pa3)J;eJIKa TeCTa H paccToiiKa TeCTOBIaIX 3arOToBOK ocytnecrnnJleTCJI
cornaCHO CxeMe, npmulToii Ha npeAIIpIDInIH c }"IeTOM HMeIOllterOCJI o60py-
)J;QBaHIDI. TeCTOBble 3arOTOBKH, C OpMOBaHHble Ha ManIHH3X THIla MCll-2
H )J;p., YKJIa)J;bIBaIOTCH Ha JIHCT, 06p83YH 1IJIHT)'-pJI,IJ.. OpHeHTHpoBO'IHVI
MaCC8 TCCTOBOH 3arOTOBKH rnmTDI-pH,D;a 0,9-1,0 KI'.
J1HCThI ,IJ.JIJI yKJ13AKH rnmT-3arOTOBOK nO)J;CbIDaIOTCJI M)'KOH. .IJ.onYCKa-
eTCH HCnOJ1b30BaHHe }J,JIJI nO,IJ.CbIDKH JIHCTOB BMeCTO MYKH KpOWKH H3 cy-
xapHbIX IUlHT H cyxapCH, KOTOpyIO npoceHBaIOT H nponycKaIOT qCpe3 Mar-
IlliThI.
PaCCTOHKa 3arOTOBOK BC,IJ.eTCH 13 paCCTOlrnbIX WKa ax 13 napoYBJIa)\(-
HeHHOH cpe)J;e. OpHeHTHpOBOtffiaH npoAOmKHTCJ1bHOCTh paccTOHKH IIJ1HT-
3arOT0130K 40-70 MHH.
BbillC'lKY CyxaPHbIX nmu npoH3Do)J;HT npH TeMIIeparype 230-250° C 6C3
YBJIaJKHCHHJl. .uonycKaeTcH ncpe,IJ. IIbIDCqKOH cyxapHblc WIHTbI HaKaJIbIllaTb.
npo,IJ.OJDIGITeJIbHOCTh BblllC'IKH 18-35 MHH.
Tcr.mcpaT)'pa H npOAOIDKHTCJIbHOCTh B1>meqKll MorYT MelUiThCH 13 3aBH-
CHMOCTH OT KOHCTPYKTHJilHJ.IX oco6eHHocTeH ne'lCH.
HapC3aHHbIe nOMTl! XJ1c6a coprllpYIOT H YKnaJJ,bIBaIOT 13 KaCCCThl, Ha
nHCTbI lUll! Ha nOA nClIH H HaI1paBnlliOT Ha CyrnKY.
OT6paKoBKc nO}J,JIC)\(aT nOMTH HCCTaH,1J.apTHblc no pa3MepaM H nOB-
pC:JK,J:(Cmlblc. Cnoc06 YKnaAKH cyxapcii 13bI6HpaIOr 13 3a13HCHMOCTH OT KOH-
CTPYK[(HH cyrnHnKl1.
CYWK3
CYlllKY cyxapeii npOH3BOAJIT 13 CnCl.(HaJIbHbIX cyuIIUIKax lUlH 13 XJIc60-
nCKapHbIX ncqax pa3mlqHbIX CHCTCM. CYIlIHTb cyxapH 13 XJIC60nCKapHbIx
ncqax MO:>KHO 13 MCr3JIJIHqCCKHX KaCCCTax, Ha JIHCTaX IUIH Hcnocpc}J;cT13eH-
HO Ha no}J.y. HaI160ncc [(cncC006pa3Hoii npH cyrnKe 13 ncqax cncAycT C'IlITaTh
CYWKY cyxapcfi 13 KacceTax npH 13epTHKaJIbHOM pacnOnO)\(eHHH JIOMTCH
(ra6n. 183).
l' a 6 n II U a 183
BbI)J;ep:IKKa XJ1e6a H cyxapHLlx WUIT
OplleHTlIpOBO'lllbrn PC;t(l{M CY1I1Kl1 pmaHblx II pmaHo-nweHII'UlbIX cyxapei..
B pa3JJlI'iHbIX CYWHJJbHbIX KaMepax
X.r1c6 II WIHThI nOCJ1C BbmCqKll nocTyIIaIOT Ha OxnIDK.D:CHHC II 13bI)J;CP)\(-
KY. OxnrotQJ;eHHe II BbIAep:)KKa npOH3BO}J,JiTCH Ha CnilJ;HOHapHblX nOJ1K3X,
BarOHCTKax, CnCl.(HaJThHblX moJ1e'IHO-KOHBCHepHbIx lUIH APyrHX 'YCTaH013Kax.
X.r1e6 H cyxapHble WIHTbf YKJIaJJ,blBaIOT Ha AcpeBHHHOC OCHOBaHHe C OT-
BCpCTHJlMH 13 0)J;HH pM Ha HIDKHIOIO KOPKY. ,I],nJl YCKOPCHHH npou;ccca OXJIa)\(-
)J;eHHJl pCKOMCHAYCTCH npHMCIDITL npHTO'IHO-BbITH:>KHyro BCHTHJ1Hl.(HIO.
npOAOmKHTCJ1bHOCTh BbIACp>KKH 4-48 q. ,lJ;rnTCJ1bHOCTh BbIAep)l(l(H onpeAe-
MeTCJI cnoco6HoCTbIO xnc6a K pe3KC 6e3 Ae«popMaxnm, 3aMa3bIBaHHJI nop
xne6a lUIH H3JIHIllHeH KpowKoBaTocTH.
Pe3Ka XJ1e6a II CyxapHblX W1HT
CHCTCMa TCMnepaTypa npOAOJDKHTCm-
CYll1IiJThHLIX BXOAHlI.\erO B03- HQCTh CYlll!CH,
KaMep Ayxa, 0 C 'lac
<l>Tn (CET, COT, CnT) 120-130 6-7
rllnpoxJJc6 110-125 9-12
KC-2, r4-XCK 110 4-5
nKB-7, nKB-8 125 4,5 -5 ,0
Ko KlIIla 125 -130 6-7
KC-I00 110 6-7
KJ1KB 100-105 7-8
Pe3KY CyxaPHbIX nJIHT Ha JIOMTH npoll3BOAHT MaIIIHHaMM nma MapKH
A2-XP2TI IUIH APyroii KOHCTpYKl.(HH. 1D0pM0130H XJIc6 pe)\(CTCH XJIc60pe-
38TCJ1bHbIMH MaI.I.IHHaMH, JIH60 13PY'ffiYIO, C TaKHM paC1.JeTOM, qT06bl 6bma
o6ecneqCHa TOJIllUUia cyxapcH 13 COOT:BCTCT13HH C Tpe6013aHHHMH CTaH}J;apra.
TOJIlltlUla p>KaHhIX II p>KaHO-mUeHH'lHbIX cyxapcH no KopKe 15-25 MM,
mneHH'IHb1X - 12-20 MM.
TeMIIcparypy H J]JllITCnbHOCTb cyrnKH YCTaHaBJIM13aIOT 13 3aBHCHMOCTH OT
KaqeCrna nOJIy«pa6PHKaro13, KOHCTpYKTH13HbIX OC06cHHocTeH CYIlIHJ1bHbIX
KaMCp H neqcfi, cnoc06a H IUIorHocm 3arpY3Kl1 13arOHeTOK WIll nOAa nellH
JIOMTHMlI XJ1c6a.
316
317
YnaKOBKa, Tpe60BaHWI K ymu<OnO'lHhlM lV'.arepIDlJIaM,
K reXHHKe H KafJecrny ynaKOBKH
naKeTbI II3 nOJUI3TIU1eHOBOll IUJeHKll no faCT 10354-82;
Hll\IIKII H3 rocppHpoBaHHoro KapTOHa no rOCT 13512-81 (N° 22, N° 23) ,
no faCT 13511-84 (N° 10);
naKeTbl6YMaJKHbIe no faCT 24370-80;
6aHKH )KeCTHHbIe IJ)1H muueBbIX npoA)'KTOB no faCT 16604-71;
HWH<H AOll\a Tble rum cpaJ-IepHbIe.
TIoTpe6HrenbCK3J1 II TpaHCnOpTHaH Tapa AomKHa 6bITb lIJICTOH, 6e3
nOCTopOHlIero 3anaxa.
H MelliKH 6YMa)I(HbIe MI-IOrOCflOHHbIe CyxaPH AomKHbI 6bITb ynO)KeHbI
IUJOTHbIMII pfl]J.3Mll. YK(13)J,Ka HaB3J10M He AonYCKaeTCH. .IJ,nsi 06nePlel'lIIH
YKJ1a.D: KH cyxapei1 ynoTpe6nHJOT CrreUH3J1bHbIe nOTKH. CyxapH IUJOTIIbIMH
pH,lJ,aJ\1H YKJla,IJ,bIBaJOr H3 J10TKH, nOTOK B):lBHraJOT B MelliOK H 6bICTpbIM
ABIDKeHHeM BbIHnMaJOT 06paTIIo, He HapYUIaH npn 31'0M YKnaAKH cyxapeii:
npaBIDIbHbIMH pH,lJ,aMH.
3alllHBI<,a MelliKOB Aon)I(Ha 6bITb Tll\aTenbHOH. H npOH3BO):lllTbC.H cypo-
BOH HllTKOli, IillIaraTOM rum KarrpOHOBOH IlliTKOi1 Bp)"ITfYID rum MaIlIHHHOH
CTpO'IKOH.
TIo CrreUH3J1bHOMY 3aKa3Y ynaKoBKa cyxapei1 AOn)KHa npOH3BO):llll"bCH
B 6}'Ma)I(HbIe MHorocnOllHbIe MelliKH, naMllIllipOBaHHbIe nOJlli3THneHOM,
MapKll TIM no rOCT 2226-15 rum MelIIKH 6Y1\1a)I(HbIe ApyrHx MapoK C HC-
nonb30BaIIHeM nOmI3TIU1eHOBOro BKna)J,bIllia (naI<er H3 IUJeHKH nonlI3TH-
neHoBoi1). TIaKeT TepMocBapllBaJOT. no pa3Mepy 6YM3)j(J{OrO MelliKa.
fopnoBIDIY MelliKOB npH 31'0M 3aAenbIBaIDT repMeTlI'ffiO MeTOAOM
TepMOKJ1ei1KII IDIH l:Icnonb3YH KJ1eeB}'1O 6YMa)I(HYID rum nonHMepHylO neHTY
KaK yKa3aHo B pa3Aene "YnaKoBKa cyxapei1 B naKeTbI H3 nOJlli3TlUleHOBoH
iUIeHKll" .
B op',HoCnOHHbIe 6YMa)I(HbIe naKeTbI cyxapH paccpacoBbIBaJOTcH MaccoH
0,3 rum 0,7 KI' C nocneA}'lOll\eH ynaKoBKoH B Hll\IIKH II3 rocppIIpoBaHHoro
KaproHa N° 22, N° 23 no fOCT 13512-81. N° 10 no fOCT 13511 84.
K1IanaIlbI II ToplleBbIe 'IaCTII J],Ha. l:I KpbIllIKH .HIllllKOB OKJIelIBaIDT 6YMa)I(HoH
HnH nOJIHMepHOH neHToH.
YnaKOBKa cyxapeH B naKeTbI H3 nOJlli3THJ1eHOBOH IUJeHKH.
TIo Tpe60BaHliJO norpe6nTeJUI apMeHcKlle cyxapH ynaKoBbIB3IOT noc-
neAOBaTenbHO B ABa Bl:IA3 nOTpe6HrenbCKOH rapbI.: naKeT (MelliOK) 6YMroK-
HbIH 3-6 cnollHbIH H rraKeT H3 nOnHJTHneHOBOH IUJeHKH.
MCllioK (naKer) 6YMa)I(HbIH rro. faCT 222.6 75 pa3pe3aI(n: Ha )J.Be paB-
HbIe '1aCTH. Pa3Mcp naKeTa 460X460 :!: 10 MM. BepXHJOJO IillCTb MelliKa HC-
nonb3YJOT TaK)KC IJ)1H ynaKoBKII. IJ)1H lIero CKJ1a.D:bIBaIOT AIID H CKJ1ellBalOT
KJIeeBOH 6YMa)KHOH n.eHTOH IlllipIDIOH 100 MM no faCT 18251-72 lUlH
6}'MIDKHOH neHToH c. npIIMcHeHIIeM KJIeJOll\IIX COCTaBOB, pa3pellicHHbIX WI.H
Illill\eBOH npoMbIllU1eHHOCTH. TIocne 3arrOnJIeHHH naKeTa CyxaPHMll BCpX-
HIOJO '1aCTb CKJIa)J,bIBaIOT TaK)Ke, KaK H AHO. H 3aKJIeHBaJO'f 6}'M3)j(J{OH neHToiL
fOTOBbIH 6}'Ma)I(Hbru naKeT Co cyxap.HMll BbI):lep>KHBaIOT B CYXOM nOMe-
LlleHl:IH npH TCMnepaType 17-21° C He MeHee 4 'I. BH3Y3J1bHO npOCMaTpH.
BaIOT Ka'leCrBO nepBH'lHOH ynaKOBKll H npoH3BOJJ)IT BTOpH'IH)'JO ynaKoBKY'
B naKer H3 nOJIH3THJ1eHOBOH llJIeHKll.
OrrTIIMaJIhm.m pe)KHM cYllJIm. npH nocromrnoH reMTIepa1'}'pC no cry-
DaJOll\erO B C}'IlIHnKY B03]JyXa 120° C" OpHeHTHpOBO'IHbrH pe:>KHM CYlliKH
pJoKaHl>IX 060Hm.IX, p>K£m:o-rrllIcHHtJ1IDIX 060Hm,IX cyxapeH B XJIe60neKapubIX
Deqax XP:
reMIIeparypa B03AYxa, ° C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100-120;
):lJ1HTenblIOC1"b CynIKH, 'I:
B Kaccerax ............... . . 10-11;
Ha IIHcrax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 6-8 ;
Ha noA)' ..................... 6-7.
npH cynn<:e 'noMreH n >KapOBbIX ne'Iax l{eJIeco06pa:mo npoH3BoJUHb
Dpe1J,BapHreJIbHyJO 06>KapKY HX DPH reMIIeparype 120-150° C H AocyunmaTh
DpH Tel\meparype 100-120° C. 3a 10-12 'I Me)K):ly TOnKaMH oCYll\ecrnJlJIer-
CH 2-3 o60poTa Ha 06)KapKe H 1-2 o60poTa Ha Aocyun<e.
06>KapKa MO)Ker npoH3BO):lHTbCJI B XJIe60neKapHblX nelillx pa3HbIX
KOHCrpYI<IUill npn reMIIeparype 190-210° C B re'IeHUe 20-40 MHH (na-
paMeTpbI MorYT MeWlTbCJI), Docne 'Iero npOH3BO):lHrCH cYUIKa cyxapeii B
cynnmbHOH KaMepe. B XJIe60neKapHbIX nJOne'lHO-nOJJ,HKOBbIX ne'Iax cYlIIKa
cyxapeii rrpoH3BonHrC.H nplI reMJIeparype 120-130° C B re'lClllie 4-5 'I.
Cynncy cyxapeH nllieHll'UlbIX 83 MyKH nepBoro H BTOporo coprOB H3
CyxapF.bIX IUllir npoH3BO):(,,!IT Ha MeTaJU'.11'1eCKllX mIcrax lUlH cerKax B ne'lax
DPH :reMncparype 180-220°C B Te'IeHlle 13-40 M11H B 3aBHCHMOCTH or
KOHcrpYKTHBHbIX oco6eHHocren ne'leH. .
_ Oxna)K,1J;eHUe H oT6p:u<oBKa cyxapeH. CyxapH nocne BbIXOAa H3 CYIllliJ1b-
HOH KaMepbI (rre'Di) OXJIa.>K,D;aJOrc.H. OXJIIDK,iJ.eHUe rOTOBbIX cyxapcH ocy-
ll\ecrnnn:erCH B BaroHcrKax. Ha oxna):lllTenbHbIX KOHrelrnepax, Jlli60 Ha
MHOroHpycHbIX rpaHcnoprepax B 3aBHClIMOCTH or YCJlOBHM npCAnpHn:TH.H.
nepep, yrraKOBKOH cyxapli or6paKoBbIBaJOr, npH 3TOM oT6npaJOr cy-
xapB rOpCJIbIe. co CKB03HJ>IMll TpeIllllHaMll, c nocTopoHIlliM11 BKJIJO'IeHUHMll,
3arpH3HeHHbIc. HeCraJI,J:¥lpTIlbIe no pa3McpaM. Op,HOBpeMcHHo or6p:u<oBbI-
BaJOr cyxapH HerrpocYUIcHHble.
Hocne or6p:u<oBKll CyxapH, npe}J;Ha3Ha'leHHbIe )J.JI.H ynaKoBKH B repMe-
TlI'mym Tapy ()KCCTHHble 6auKH, naKerbI nOJlli3TImeHOBhIe). BbICraHBa-
JOr B .HIlJ,}iKax Jmn B MeillKax 6}'Ma)I(HblX B re'lCHUe 4-48 'laCOB. Bna:>KHOCTb
cyxapeH nocne BbIcrOHKH He Aon)I(Ha npCBb!II.Iarb nOKa3arencH BnIDKHOCTH
AeHcTBYIDll\cro craH,!J:apra.
CyxapH apMeHcKlle BbmycKaJOr BCCOBbIMH H cpacOBaHRhIMll no faCT
686-83. CyxapH ynaKOBbIDaJOr B cncAyroll\He BHAbI nOTpe6HTenbcKoH
H TpaHCnOpTJIOH rapbI:
MCIllKH 6YMa)KHbIe MllOrOCnOMHbIe no faCT 2226-75 MapKH HM.
EM. TIM;
319
318
.QJm H3rOTOBJIeHHH nOJIH3TilllCHOBl,IX naKeTOB npHMeHHIOT nJIeHKY
nOJIHJ11fJIeHOByro ll!Ill\eByro HeCTa6umf3HpOBaHHY!Q no fOCT 10354-82
MapKH H B BHAe PYK8Ba lIDIpIDIOll 490-570 MM H TomWiHoll 0,10-0,12 MM.
PyJIOH Hape3alOT B BH,.TJ;C Tpy60K 1J,J!ill-roll 540-560 MM, KOTOpbIe TepMo-
cBapHBalOI C owroro Top a. fIpH OTCYTCIBlfil. pYKaBa H3 nOJIH3TillleHOBoro
nOJIoma BbIpe3aIOT 3arOTOBKH lIDIpHHOll 510-530 MM, 1J,J!HHOH 1090-
1 I 10 MM, H3 KOTOpbIX TcpMocBapHBalOT naKcn,I pa3MepoM 550X500 MM
C npep;CJIbHbIM OTKJIOHeHMCM :t 10 MM;
fIoCJIC ynaKoBKH 6YMa)I(Horo naKeTa C CyxaPHMH B nOJIH311fJIeHOBbIif
naKeT BKJIa.D;bIBaIOI HpJIbIK, 3aTeM TepMocBapHBalOT rOpJIOBllliY naKeIa.
)J.ruI TcpMOCBapHBaHHH 1Im0B nOJIH3TillleHOBoro naKCTa npHMeHHcTcH MalIDI-
Ha nmr HMnYJIbCHOll TcpMocBapKH MapKH M6-ATI-2C KancyncKoro 3aBOp;a
MmUICrIllill\eMawa llHTOBCKOif CCP HJIH aHaJIOrH'IHOH KOHCTPYKIUfH, a
TalOKC npIfcnoc06JIeHMe TIfna nOJIyoBaJIbHbIX namIbHHI<OB C HHXpO 1OBOH
nOJIOColl. fIpH oCMoTpe COCTOmIIDI nOBepXHOCTI1 If IllBa BIOpH'lHOll ynaKOB-
KH Hep;onyCTlIMbI CKJIa,!UQf, cBapKa BHaxJIeCT If nepe)!(or liIDa.
fIpOKOJIbI H nOBpc)!(,[\eHHH nOJIHJ11fJICHOBOll IUIeHKH, HapymeHHe rep-
MCTII'lHOCTH IOOOB Hcp;onYCTIIMbI. fCpMeTII'lHOCIb npoBcpIDOI no n. n. 3.10,
rOCT 686-83.
fOTOBbIC naKCTbI C CyxaPHMH YKJIa}I,bIBaIOT no ABe ynaKoBKH B Hll\IfKH
H3 rocppHpoBaHHoro KapToHa NQ 22, 23 no fOCT 13512-81, N° 10 no fOCT
13511-84. .Hru;HKH P;OJI)l(HbI 6bITb nop;roTOBJIeHbI B neIJyIOIUeM nopHAKe:
OKJIeIfBaIOT KJIanaHbI H Top eBbIc 'laCTH p;Ha 6YMa.JKHOH KJICeBOH neH-
Toif nmpHHoll 70-100 MM;
B Hll\HK no BHyrpeHHcMy ncpHMcTPy ero BepTI1KaJIbHbIX CTeHOK nOMe-
ru;aIOT BKJl8Ablliill no fOCT 9142-84 TaK, 'lT06bI MeIaJIJIH'IeCKHe cKpenKH
Hll\HKa 6bUIIf 3aKpbITbI;
nocne YKJIaAKH H3p;emm KJIanaHbI KpbIllIKH H TOPlLbI rocppHpOBaHHO-
ro Hll\HKa OKJIeHBalOT TOM: )!(C nCHTOH.
Ka TOHHbIc m:mKH p;On)I(HbI OKneHBaThCJJ H 06TJJnfBaTbCH B p;Ba pMa
KnccBOH 6}'MIDKHOH IDlli nonHMcpHOll neHTOll.
Ka)!(,[\bm naKeI H HlI.{HK MapKHpYIOI.
B naKCTC HpJIbIK p;On)!(CH 6bITh pacnOnO)!(eH MC)!(,[\y 6}'Ma.JKHbIM naKeIOM
H nOID!3IillleHOBOll IUlCHKOll. .HpJIbIK HaKJICHBaIOT Ha Hll\HK B nCBOM BepXHCM
yrny.
YnaKOBKa cyxapeH B 6aHKH )!(CCTmIbIC. EaHKH )!(CCTmIbIC N° 1, N° 4 no
rOCT 16604-71 BHYTPH npOTIIpaIOT Tpmn<OH, npOKJIMbIBaIOI ncpraMCH-
TOM, nOATIepr8MCHTOM HJIH 06epTO'IHOll 6YMarOll. fIpoKIIMKH pa3pC3alOT
Ha nHCThI C TaKHM paC'leIOM, 'lT06bI KOH aMH nHCTOB 3aKpbITh cyxapH
CBCPXY. B npeABapUIcnbHO B3BClllCHHyro 6aHKY cyxapH nlllCHH'lHbIe 1, 2
COpTOB H3 cyxapHblX nJIHT YKJIa,II;bIBaIOT HaCbIIThlO, a cyxapH H3 cpOpMO-
Boro XJlc6a IUlOmbIMH pH,D;aMH Ha pe6po.
EaHKH C cyxapHMH 3aKpbIJlaIOT KpbIlllK8MH H ncpep;alOT Ha 3anaHKY.
3anaHHHbIe 6aHKH AOJI)l(HbI 6bITb npoBcpeHbJ Ha repMeTII'lHOCTh no MCTO-
AHKe, YKa3aHHOll B fOCT 686-83 n. n. 3.9. MCCTa, B KOTOpblX HapymcHa
repMCTH'lHOCTb (BblXO}J;l1T B03IJyX) OTMC'lalOT H 3anaHBalOT p;ononHHTenbHO.
EaHKY npOTIIpaJOT CYXOll TpHnKoif. Bo H36e)!(aHHe p)!(aB'lHHbI 6aHKH CMa3bI-
BalOT TeXHlf'leCKHM Ba3cmrnOM (BTB-l) TY 38101180-76, illlH Ba3emrnOM
1J,J!H pe3HHoBoll npoMbIllUlCIffiOCTII no OCT 38.1.56-79, IDlH cMa3Koll IUlac-
TII'ICCKOH fIBK no fOCT 19537-83.
EaHKH N° 1 ynaKoBbIBaIOT B Hll\HKH H3 rocppHpOBaHHOrO KapTOHa N° 22,
23 no fOCT 13512-81 illlH N° 10 no fOCT 13511-84. Hru;HKH OKJIeHBaIOI
KJIeeBofr JIeHTOll no fOCT 18251-72 illlH neHTOH 6YMIDKHOH no fOCT
10459-72. B Ka'leCTBC KJ1CH Hcnonb3yeTcH nOnHBHHHJIa CTamaH J1,Hcnep-
CW! no fOCT 18992-80. lilirpmm neHTbI 70-100 MM.
EaHKH N° 4 ynaKoBbIBaIOT no 2-3 6aHKH B p;Oll\aThIe rum cpaHepHbIC
Hll\HKH. .Hll\HKH 06HBaIOI no nepHMeTpy CIaJIbHOll ynaKoBo'IHoll nCHTOll
no fOCT 3560-73, CTaJIbHOH npoBonoKoH no fOCT 3282-74 rum nonoc-
KaM1f 6enoll )!(eCTII, nonY'leHHbIx H3 OTXOP;OB npOH3BoACTBa.
fI p H M e '1 a H H e. fIpH H3rOTOBnCHHH )I(CCTHHbIX 6aBOK BPy<IHYIO
p;onycKacIcH pa}J;l1Yc yrnoB YMemlIDITb AO 3-5 MM C nponaiiKoll lllBOB
no fOCT 19249-73. fIo cornaCOBaHHIO C nOTpe6HTcnCM p;onycKacIcH H3ro-
TOBnCHHC H HcnOnb30BaHHC 6aHOK 6e3 paAHyca oKpyrneHHH.
Macca cyxapcH, HeTTO
B MelllKax 6YMIDKHbIX:
p)l(aHbIC, p)!(aHO-ITlUeHH'lHbIe, nllleI-m'lHbIe 060llHbIC. . . . . . . . . p;o 15 Kr
B naKeTaX H3 nonH3TilllcHoBOll IUleHKH:
p)!(aHbIe, p)!(aHO-nlllCHH'lHbIC, ITlUCHH'lIlbIe 060llHbIC OT 3,5 AO 4, 5 Kr
ITlUCHH'lHhIe H3 MYKH I, II COpTOB .. . . . . . . . . . .. OT 3,0 p;o 4,0 Kr
B- )!(CCTHHblX 6aHKa.x:
N° 1 - p)l(aHble, p)!(8HO-nlllCHH'llIbIC, IUlleHH'lHble 060llHbIC
HC 60nee
8,5 Kr
OT 4,5 p;o
6,0 Kr
N° 1 - ITlUCHH'lHbIC H3 MYKH I, II COpTOB ........ HC 60nec 6,0 Kr
N° 4 - IUllCHH'lHbIC H3 MyKH I, II COpTOB ........ OT 3,5 p;o 4,5 Kr
B O)J;HOCnOllHblX 6YMa)I(HbIX naKCTaX . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,3 Kr IDlH 0,7 Kr
)J.onycKacMbIc OTI<JIOHemiH no Macce:
:t 5% npH Maccc HCTTO 0,3 Kr
:t 4% npH Maccc HCTrO CBbIlliC 0,3 Kr
MapKHpoBKY, TpaHcnOprnpOBaHHC H xpaHCHHe ynaKOBaHHblX cyxapeH
npOH3BoMI comaCHO p;ellCTBY!Oll\eMY CTaHAapTY Ha cyxapH apMcllCKHC.
N° 4 - P)!(aHbIC, p)l(aHO-nlllCHH'lHbIC, ITlUClill'IHbIC 060llHbIC
11 3aK. 1116
321
320
nCpC'JCHb HOpMaTllBHO-TeXHH'ICCKOii AOKYMeHTaLtllH H3 ynaKOBO'JHbIe
H BCnOMOraTeJlbHhIC M3TepHaJIhI
HOpMbl pacxoJI,a ynaKOBO'lHbIX " BCnOMOraTenbHblX MaTepH31IOB lIP"
yrraKoBKe cyxapeH B lIaKeTbI 6YMa)K}Ible o}J;HocnofuIble (lIP" MaCCe cyxapeH
0,3 Kf) npHBep;eHbl B Ta6n. 186.
H3IlMeHOBaHUe HT)J.
l3aHKlI )l(eCTHHble AJiH IIlIweBLlX IIpO)J.yKTOB N9 I, N9 4
ncpr3MeHT
nOjJ,IJcpraMeHT (MapKa n-3)
EYMara 06CpTO'IHaJI
Ba3CJllIH TeXHlI'IeCKlIfi
CMa3Ka nnaCTII'IeCKaJI (nnK)
JlIl(H1<1I1I3 rOlppnpoBalIHoI"O l<apToH3:
AJlJI KOH)J;IITCpCKlIX 1I311CJJJII1 NQ 22, 23
)J;JlJI IIpo)J;oBonbCTBeIllIblx TOBapoB NQ 10
JIcHTa KflCCBaJI Ha 6YM3)I(H011 OCHOBC
I3YMara-<>cHoBa J],il.H KJlCCBOIJ nCHTbI
JJ.ucnepclUI nOJIllBIIHlIJiaI T .eTaTHaJ1 roMonOJlIIMepHaJI,
rpyGOAHCITCpCHaJI
J{aRlIIpOnb COCHOBaH
J{aRllIjJOJlb 113 OTXO)J;OB
AMMOHlIfi xnopllCTbII1 TeXHlI'ICCI<lIfi (Hal!1aThlpb)
CnllpT 3THJlOBbltI rIII1pOJl1l3HbIfi
npllnotl nOC40
DYMara MeIllO'lHaJI
nOJl1l3THJleHOBaJI nneHK3 HCCTaGHJJJ!311pOBaHHaJI, HeOKpa-
lI1CllliaJI, nllweBaJI TOJIIl(HHOI1 0,10 MM MapKlI H
MClI1KlI GYMa)I(HbIe
IUrraraT TeXHI111CcKlII1
l' a 6 n II U 8 184
0603na1leHUe HT)J.
D8] rOCT 16604-71
K68 roCT 1341-84
K68 rOCT 1760-86
K68 rOCT 8273-75
OCT 38.1.56-74
E-36 rOCT 19537-83
JJ.74 rOCT 13512-81
JJ.74 rOCT 13511-84
K68 rOCT 18251-72
K68 rOCT 10459-72
JI27 rOCT 18992-80
JI43 rOCT 19113-84
TY 81-05.23-78
JIl4 rOCT 2210-73
JI25 rOCT 17299-78
B-51 rOCT 21931-76
K68 rOCT 2228-81 E
JI27 rOCT 10354-82
JJ.75 rOCT 2226-75
M78 rOCT 16266-70
H8HMeHOB8lI1ie ynaKOBO'DlhIX H
BcnOMoraTenbHblX MaTepHMOB
naKeTbI GYM8)I(HbIC ogHOCnotlHbic, lI1T
JlIl(HKlI 113 roljJpHpOBaIIHOrO KapTOHa, lI1T
JIeHTa KJleeBa5I, Kr
EYMara STHKeTO'IHaJ1. (nJlOTHocTb 70 r/M2) , M 2
T 8 G JI H U a 186
Pacxog Ha oAllY
TOInIY cyxapen
3360
105
4
5,1
HOpMbl pacxop;a yrraKOBO'lHblX " BCIIOMOraTenbHblX MaTep"aJIOB lIP"
yrraK<;JBKe cyxapen B 6auKY N° llIpHBep;eHbI B Ta6n. 187.
HaHMeHOB8lIHe ynaKOBO'IHbIX H BcnoMotaTe1IbHblX
MaTepHanOB
T 8 6 n II U a 187
Pacxop; Ha OAllY TOHHY
cyxapeii
nWeHH'JHbIX p>KIUIbIX
HaCbInbIO pJIA!lM '
TaGJllILta 185
EaRKH )l(eCTHHble N2 1, lI1T
Ba3CJllIH TeXHlI'ICcKJIfi, Kr
JlIl(HKYI H3 roq,pHpoBaIIHOrO KapToHa. lI1T
ncpraMeHT, Kr
HJlH IIo}J;llepraMeHT, Kr
1IJI1I GYMara oGepTO'IHaJ1, Kr
EYMara 3T11I<CTO'IHaJ1 (nnOTHOCTb 70 r/M 2 ). M 2
KaHllIjJOJlb COCHOBaJ1, Kr
npHITOn. Kr
AMMOHlIti xnopllCTbIfi TexHlI'IecKJIfi, Kr (Hal!18TbIpb)
IIJlII cnHpT 3THJlOBbin r1lAPOJl1l3Hbln. n
JIeHT8 KnCCBa5I, lI1HpHllOtI-I00 MM, Kr
IIJIH 6YMara-<>cHoBa I1JI5I KJleCBoti nCHTbI, Kr
,llHcncpclUI nOnllBlIHllJlaUeT8THa5I, Kr
183
8,0
183
12,8
10,7
14,0
2,2
0,3
4,3
0.15
1,5
3,2
2,2
1,3
HOpMbl pacxop;a ynaKOBO'llibIX 1:1 BcnOMoraTenbHbIX MaTCpl:laJ10B np"
ynaKoBKc cyxapcH B MeIllK" 6YMa)j(}lbIe MHOrOC1l0HHbIe (lIP" Macce cyxa-
peH 10 Kf) np"Bep;eUbI B m61l. 185.
HallMCHonaHIIC ynaKOBO'IHbIX II
BcnO:\.10raTenbHblX l\taTepHanOB
MClill<1I GYMa)l(HLIc MHOI'OCJlOHHLIC, lI1T
fL'1CIIKa nOJII!3THneHOBaJI, mUUCBaJI TOJII1U!Hoii 0 1 MM MapKlI /I
r.1: 2 " ,
II1naraT, 1<1'
EYMara 3THI<CTOtmaH (nnolll0CTbIO 70 r/M') , M 2
322
Pacxog Ha OAHY
TOHHY cyxape i
103
118,5
1.4
5,0
HopMbI P;aHbl lIP" MaCCe cyxapcH HeTIO:
R3 MyKH IIllICHH'lHOH I, II copTa .........
"3 MYKH P)KaHOH 060HHOH . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11-
120
5,5
120
8,5
7,0
8,4
1,44
0,2
2,9
0,1
1,2
2,1
1,5
I,D
5,5 Kr
8,5 Kr.
323
HopMbI pacxona ynaKOBO'IHbIX If BCrrOMOraTCnbHhlX MaTCpmmOB rrplf
ynaKoBKc cyxapcH B 6aHKY N° 4 rrplfBCncHhl B Ta6n. 188.
5.4.2. CyxapH cJJ,06Hble muelJH'UlLle
HaHMeHOB8Itue ynaKoBo'IHbIX U BcnOMorBTenbHbIX
MaTepuanOB
T a 6 JI 11 IIa 188
Cyxaplf cn06HbIe rrlllCHH'lHhlC rrpenCT<lBlliIlOT C060H 1f3ncmul Hlf3KOH
Bna)!(1!OCTH, xpynKlfe, C rrplfRTHhlM BKYCOM H apoMaToM. I1x rrony'laIOT
rrYTcM cyI1IKll nOMTcH cn06Horo XJIc6a, BhlIIC'ICHHOrO B BlfnC IInlfT pa3Hhlx
pa3McpoB If q,OpMhl.
Cyxaplf Cn06HblC rrllleHIf'IHhlC rOTOBRT 1f3 MYKIf rrlllCHH'IHOH BhlClllcro
If rrcpBoro copTa rro fOCT 8494-73.
TCXHonorH'lccKlfH npo ccc rrpolf3BOnCTBa CyxaPCH Cn06HhLX IllllCHH'I-
HhLX COCTOlfT 1f3 pRna nocnCnOBaTcnbHhLX OrrCpal(liH: rrplfroToBncHIDI TC-
CTa, pa3ncnKH If q,opMOBaHIDI TCCTa B CyxaPHhlC IIJ1lfTbI IDIH )!(l"YThl, pac-
CTOHKH, CMa3KH, BhmC'lKH, BbI,JJ;Cp:>KKH cyxapHhlX nJIHT, pe3KH liX Ha nOM-
m, Cyn1K1f If mma)l(,1J;CHID! CyxaPCH.
PCl.\cmypa nplfrOTOBnCHHR cyxapcH Cn06HhLX rrlllCHWlHbIX rrpCnYCMaTplf-
BaCT cncnyroll\CC COOTHOlllCHlle ChlpbR rro MaCCC B Kr (Ta6n. 190).
TccTo nnR cyxapcH Cn06HbLX IllllCIill'lHbIX rOTOBRT cnCnyroll\lfMH crro-
c06aMM: OrrapHblM, Ha )!(MnKOH orrape, 6e30rrapHhlM If Ha KOHl.\CHTplfpOBaH-
HOH MOnO'IHOKIfCnOH 3aKBaCKC (KMK3).
PacxoJ:\ HB O.t\Hy TOHHy
cyxapeii
mneHU'lHbIX p>K8HbIX
EaHKH )l(eCTHHble NQ 4, lI1T
Ba3eJlllH TeXH1I1IecKJIfi, Kr
ll(HKlII1011(aTbIC 1IJ111 ljJaIlepHble, lI1T
nepraMCHT,Kr
lIJIH IIo)J;!IepraMeHT; Kr
lIJlI1 GYMara oGepTO'IHaJ1, Kr
EYMara 3Tl1KeTO'IHa5I (IIJlOTHOCTbIO 70 r/M ), M
KaIIlIq,OJlb COCHOBaH, Kr
npllIIOfi, Kr
AMMOHID! XJlOpllCThIfi TeXHH'lecKJIfi (Hal!1aTblpb), Kr
1IJ111 CITlIpT 3Tl1J10BbltI rll,lJ;poml3HbIfi, n
286
9,4
105
13,2
11,0
23,0
3,43
0.4
4,7
0,23
1,8
200
6,0
67
8.9
7,4
15,0
2,4
0,3
3,2
0,16
1,5
npHI'OTOBneHHe TeCTa Ha ryCTOt1 onape
HOpMbI naHhl rrplf Maccc cyxapcH Hcno:
1f3 MYKH IUllCHH'lHOH I, II COpTOB ............ 3,5 Kr
1f3 MYKH P)!(aHOH 060HHOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,5 Kr
HauMeHoBBlIHe ynaKOBotJHhIX H BcnOMorBTenbHbIX
MBTepHBnOB
Ta6J1l1ua 189
Orrapy rOTOBJIT 1f3 39-60% MYKH OT 06ll\cro KOJIH'ICCTBa cc B TCCTC,
npCCCOBaHHhLX, C)'llICHhLX lIPO)!()!(CH ID1ll npO)!()!(CBOrO MonOKa H BO}J;bI,
Bna)!(1!OCTbIO 40-43%.
TccTo 3aMClIlliBaIOT 1f3 Bccro KOJ1H'lCCTBa orraphl C n06aBnCHHCM MYKIf,
BO}J;hl If nOrrOmmTCJ1bHOrO ChlphR, rrpenycMoTpeHHoro pe CII1ypoH.
ITpMroTOBncHHc orraphl If TCCTa MO)!(CT 6hITb nopWioHHoe ID1ll Herrpephm-
HOC.
HOpMhl pacxona ynaKOBO'lHb1X If BcrrOMOraTCJ1bHhIX MaTcpHanOB rrplf
ynaKOBKC CyxaPCH apMCHCKlfX B rrOJIH3nmCHOBble rraKCTbI nplfBCnCHhl
B Ta6n. 189.
ITpli rropWioHHoM rrplITOTOBnemrn orraphl If TCCTa 3aMCC npOBo1J,HT B
TCCTOMCCHJlbHOH MalllHHC A2-XTB If np. B TC'ICHHC 10-15 MHH no rrony'lc-
HID! OWIOPOp;HOH MaCChI.
fOToBHoC'fb orraphl If TCCTa orrpenelliIlOT rro KHCnOTHOCm, rrpcnycMoTpcH-
HOH TCXHOnOrn'leCKHM PC)!(MMOM, If YBC1lWICHHIO 06'bCMa B 1,5-2 p8.3a.
ITpH 3aMCCC TCCTa B Bh16po)!(CIIHyro orrapy BROCRT norronHHTcnhHoe
CbIphC no pCl.\CrrTYpc, TIl.\aTCJIbHO ncpcMclllliBaIOT, IIocnc qero n03lfpyroT
MYKY H Bony If nponOJ1)!(aIOT 3aMCC TeCTa no rronyqcHHR O)J,HOpOnHOH MaCChI.
PacxoJ:\ HB o.t\Hy TOHHY
cyxBpei1
p>KaHbIX mneHH'lHhIX
ll(HKII1I3 roljJpllpOBaIIHOrO i<aPTOHa C BKna)J;l>IIll3Ml1, lI1T
nOJlH3TlIJleHOBa5I nneHKa IIlIll(eBa5I, TOJlII.1.I1II0fi 0,10 MM,
MapKll H, M
MelI1KlI GYMaJKHI,Ie MlIorOCJlOilHble, lI1T
neHTa KJlCCBaJ1llI11pllHOI! 100 MM, Kr
1IJU1 6YMara-<>CHoBa I1J151 KJleeBoti JleHTbI, Kr
)1lIcnepclI5I nOnHBHHlIJiaUCT3THaJ1, Kr
EYMara 3TlIKeTO'IHaH (IIJlOTHOCTbIO 70 r/M ) , M
125 167
247,5 268,0
65 85
9,0 13.0
7,2 10,6
1,8 2,4
3,75 6,01
IT P If M C 'I a H If C. HopMbI naHhl rrplf Maccc cyxapcH B Op;HOM rraKCTe
1f3 MYKH P)!(aHOH 060HHoH - 4,0 Kr, 1f3 M)'KIf rrlllCHH'lHOH I copTa - 3,0 Kr.
324
325
Ta6nllua 190
Pel\emypa (Ha 100 KI' MfKH)
cyxapcA CAo6HbIX nmeHH'lHb1X
MYKa ,I:{pO>K Conh Caxa p- Macno Map- JUn o
nme- >KH nona- HhIB eJIH- ra- KypH-
HaHMeIIOBaHHe HII'lHajJ xne- peH- necoK BOq. plDI Hoe,
eyxapeH xne60- 6one- HIDI B TeCTO Hoe CTO.. UlT /=
neKap- Kap- nHID.e- (Ha OT. Heeo- no-
H81I, Hhle B81I, p,en- neHO Bbl",
Kr npec- Kr KY), Kr Kr
COBaH Kr
Hhle,
Kr
Macno Maenc MIIH- Mono- Mae no ClUfpT Mono- no-
113IOM MaK Opex nop,- rop- BaWl- p, IIJIh KO KG
nH- ::JT1fJIO- BHA-
eon- 'lHQ- JIHH Ha l\eJIh- MOH- BbIH pCK- l\eJIh-
no
Heq- Hoe OTp,en Hoe ery Hoe, TH4>HKO- HOC Pi6noQ-
Hoe pa- KY lI\emIOe n B3H- Hoe
4>HHH- C eaxa- mdi. n
pOB8II- pOM
Hoe
Ib nmCHH'lHOH MyKH
CJlHBO'lHbIe 100,0 2,0 1,0 20,0 15,0 80/3,2
BaHlIJIbHbIC 100,0 2,5 1,0 22,0 16,0 100/4,0
J1IoGlITCJlbCKlIC 100,0 2,5 1,0 22,0 16,0 100/4,0
)lcTcKlIe 100,0 2.0 1,0 15,0 2,0 50/2,0
OpCXOBbIC 100,0 3,0 1,0 25,0 15,0 300/12,0*
C IDIOMOM 100,0 2,0 1,0 17/18 15,0 100/4,0
OceHHlIC 100,0 2,0 1,0 17/18 15,0 100/4,0
IIIKOJIb!ible 100,0 2.0 1,0 20,0 50/2,0
C MaKOM 100,0 3,0 1,0 25,0 15,0 100/4,0
J1lIMoHHble 100,0 2,0 1,0 15,0 10,0 100/4,0
rOp'IH'IHbIC 100,0 2,5 1,0 15,0 100/4,0
MOnO'!HbIC 100,0 3,0 1,0 15,0 10,0 100/4,0
KliC B CKlIC 100,0 3,0 1,0 18,0 5,0 80/3,2
YKpalDIcKlIe 100,0 3,0 1,0 20,0 10,0 80/3,2
10611J1enHbIC 100,0 4,0 1,0 30,0 12,0 100/4,0
o coGble 100,0 2,0 1,8 3,0 80/3,2
H3 nmCHH'lHOH MyKH
nllOHcpcKlIe 100,0 1,0 1,0 13,0 5,0 50/2,0
Koq,cnHble 100,0 1,0 1,2 13,0 5,0 50/2,0
EapHaynbCKlIe 100,0 1,0 1,0 10,0 10,0 50/2,0
MOCKOBCKHC 100,0 1,0 1,0 13,0 5,0 50/2,0
TypllCTll'ICCKlIC 100,0 3,0 2,0 5,0 14,0 50/2,0
10 GHnellHbIC 100,0 1,0 1,0 10,0 5,0 50/2,0
PH3aHCKlIe 100,0 2,5 I,D 10,0 15,0
)lopO)I(Hble 100,0 1,0 1,0 5,0 50/2,0
*B TOM 'IHcnc 200/8,0 B TeCTO.
326
BbICilicro copTa
0,037
2,0
20,0
20,0
15,0
0,2 0,2
10,0
10,0
15,0
3,0
15,0
20,0
10,0
I COpT8
10,0
5,0
5,0
327
fIpJ.! 3aMCCe ICCTa n03J.!pYIOI onapy, CaXapHO-COneBOM paCTBOp llnJ.l
CYXOM caxap, COneBOH paCTBOp, paCIOnnCHHbIM )!<J.IP, Bony J.I np. CbIpbC
J.I 3aMeIllJ.lBaIOT TCCTO no nony'IemUl OnHOpOnHOM MaCCbI, KOIopoe HarHCTa-
TenCM nOnaCICH B 6YHKep IDIll BOPOHKY <pOpMOBO'lliOM MaIllJ.IHbI.
Pel.\enrypa J.I napaMeIpbI TeXHOnOrJ.l'IeCKOrO npol.\ecca HcnpepbIBHoro
npJ.lrOTOBnCHllH TeCTa npenCTaRnCHbI B Ta6n. 192.
PCI.\CnTypa J.I napaMeTpbI TCXHOnOrJ.l'IeCKOrO npol.\ccca nOpl.\llOIDlOrO
npllrOTOBnCHJ.lH TeCTa npenCTaBneHbI B Ta6n. 191.
PCI\enrypa H pe1KllM nopUHOHHoro npHrOTOBJlCHlIH onapbI H TeCTa
Ta6J1111U 191
HaHMeHOBaHue CbIpbH,
nony.pa6pHKaToB Ii
nOKa3aTeneH npouecca
PaCXOn CbIpbJI , napaMeTpbI
no CTII,I1,HIlM TeXHOnOrll'Jec-
Koro npouecca
TeCTO
Peucnrypa H pe1KllM HcnpepbIBHoro npHrOTOBJICHIIH onapbl H TeCTa
Ta6J1Hua 192
onapa
MYKa mnellWIHaH, xneGolIeKapHaH BblCUlero HJJH I copTa,
Kr
HaHMeHonaHHe CbIpbJI,
nony.pa6puKaTon u nOKa3aTcneH npouecca
J],pO)l()I(ll npeCCOBaIIHbIe, Kr
Conb nOBapCHHa5I nHIUCBaH, Kr
BOlla, Kr
J].onOJIHlITC1IbHOe CbIpbe, Kr
Onapa, Kr
BJla)I(H OCTb, %:
IJ,OpO)I(HbIX
MOCKOBCKI1X, KoljJcilHblx, 6apnaYJlbCKlIX, TyPHCTII-
cKlIX,nlloHcpcKlIX
CJlUBO'IHbIX, BaIlHJJbHbIX, rOp'IH'IHbIX, nllMoHHbIX,
rno6l1TCJlbCKlIX, IOGlIJlcfiHbIX, opexoBblx
l1eTCKIIX
MOJlO'IHbIX, C 1I3IOMOM, C MaKOM, OCeHHIIX
IllKOJlbHbIX, KlICBCKYlX, YKpaHHCKYlX
npO]:\OJl)l(lITeJlbHOCTb 3aMcca, MlIH
TCMIIepaTypa Ha1laJillia5I, 0 C
npOIJ,OJDKlITCJlbllOCTb 6po)l(eHlIjJ, MlIIi*
KHCJlOTIIOCTb KOHC'IHa5I npll npnroToBnenIDI 1I31J,enllit 113
MYKlI,rpaA:
B bIClI1CrO copTa
I cOpTa
50-60
1-2
21-25
40-43
5-10
26-30
180-300
2,5-3,5
3,0-4,5
50-40
no peucliType,
OCTaDlI1ee CII
KOJlll'lCCTBO
MYKa nillCHlI'lIIa5I XJle601IeKapHa5I, Kr:
B blCillcro copTa
ncpDoro capTa
J].P0)l()lQ[ npecconaHHblC, Kr
COJIb nOBapeHHa5I IIHIUenaH, 1(1'
no peuelITypc
110 pac1IeTy
no peuelIType
72-87
Bop;a,Kr
37-39
33-36
J].OIIOJlHlITCJlbHOe Cblpbe, Kr
Ollapa, Kr
29,5-33,0
npOAOJl)l(lITeIIbHOCTb 3aMCCa, MIIH
BJla)l(1!OCTb, %
TeMlIcpaTypa Ha1laJlbHa5l, 0 C
n pOAOJl)l(IITeJIbHOCTb UpO)l(CHillI, MlIH
KHCJJOTIIOCTb KOHe'IHaJ1, rpap;
34-35
30-35
32-34
10-15
27-31
60-120
*OpIlCHTllpOB01l1laJ! BJla)I(l!OCTb TeCTa IIpeP:CTanJlena B TaOJl. 191.
PacXOn CblpbH H napaMeTpbI no
CT8,!J,HHM TCXHonorntJeCKoro npOllecca
onapa
TeCTO
39-45
61-55
1,5 -2,5
45-50
1,0-2,0
55-50
0,5-1,5
110 PCIlCII-
Type
IIO pac-
1IeTy
110 pcuen-
Type
56,5-
66,5
8-10
*
16-19
18,5-
.20,5
no pcuen-
Type
no pac-
'ICTY
110 pcuelI-
Type
64,5-
72,5
8-10
*
8-10
40-43
27-30
210-300
2,5 -4,0
8-10
40-43
27-30
240-300
3,0-5,0
32-35
15-35
2,0-3,0
32-35
15 -40
2,5 -4,0
2,0-3,0
2,5-4,0
npHT'OTOBneHHe TeCTa Ha >KH.IJ:KOH onape
}!{nnKYIO onapy rOTOBHT B MalllHHC X3-2M-300 J.I np. CMCCJ.lTemr){ OnHO-
BpCMCHHO Ha HCCKonbKO nOpl.\llM TeCTa J.l3 'IaCTJ.I MYKJ1, npCCCOBaHHbIX npO>K-
>KeM J.I BOp;bI Bna>KHOCTbIO 64-65%. IIpogomKIfTenbHocTb pacxona OnHOM
nopl.\llJ.l >KHnKOM onapbI nomKHa 6bITb HC Gonce 60 MHH.
B MaIllliHY A2-XTE, 11I2-XT2-H J.I np. n03J.1pYIOT >KHnKyIO onapy, no-
nOnHJ.lTenbHOC CbIpbe, BOny, npO)!Of(J.l, BCC Tll\aTCnbHO ncpCMeIllliBalOI, nocnc
'Icro BHOCHT OCTaBIlleeCH KOnJ.l'ICCTBO M}"KJ1 J.I 3aMCIlIlfBaIOT ICCTO go nony-
'IClillH OnHOpOgHOM MaCCbI.
PCI.\CI1rypa J.I napaMeTpbI TCXHOnOrJ.l'IeCKOrO npol.\ecca npJ.lrOTOBnCHHH
TeCTa Ha >KHnKOM onapc npJ.lBegeHbI B Ta6n. 193.
*PeKOMCHAyeTCli np01l3BOAlITb OGMlIHKY TeCTa 3a 25-30 MlIH 11.0 cra pa3l1cJlKlI.
fIp8 HcnpepbIBHoM npnroToBncmm onapbI If TCCTa 8cnonb3YIOT arpera.
TbI H8-XT A-6, XTP 8 np.
3aMec onapbI 8 TCCTa np083BonHT B MaIllHHe HenpepbIBHoro neMCT-
BIDI X-26 (H8-XTA-12j1, A2-XTT) 8 np. CbIpbe g038p}'lOT 83 paC'IeTa MHHYT-
HOrO paCXona. fIep80n 3arpY3K8 BCCX ceKIUill 6yHKcpa onapOH paReH npo-
gon>KlfTenbHocrn 6pO>KeHHH onapbI B COOTBeTCTBIlli C YCTaHOBneHHbIM TeXHO-
nOr8'ICCKJ1M pe MOM.
328
329
TaGJllILla 193
PCl\enrypa H pCJIOIM npHrOTOBJlCHl!H TCCTa Ha )KHAKOH onapc
pOAHOH MaCCbI. EpmKCHlIc TCCTa npOM3B01J,HT B p;e>Kc TI-XT- 2,1], M
p;pyroli CMKOCTM.
PCl.\cmypa M pe>KllM npllTOTOBneHlIJi TCCTa Ha KOHl.\CHTpMpOBaHHOM
MOnO'lliOIGlCnOM 3aKBaCKC npCp;CTaBnCHbI B Ta6n. 194.
HaHMenOnBHHe ChIpb>!, nonycP a6 pmcaToB
u nOKB3B7eneii npoueCCB
Pacxo):( CblpbH H napaMeTphI
no CT8,ru.I.fI1\I TexHonorwrecKo_
ro npoueCCB
onapa
TeCTo
TaG JI Ii U a 194
80
Pel\enTypa H PC)KlIM npHrOTOBJleHlUI TeCTa Ha KOHl\eHTpHpOBaHHoii
MOJlO'lHOKHCJloii 3aKBaCKC
MYKa nIIICHH1IIIaJ1 XJlcGoncKapHaJI BblClI1cro lIn!! IICpBOrO
COpTa, 1<1'
I(P°)l()J(lf XJleGoncKapH!.Ie npCCCOBaIIHble, Kr
CoJib nOBapemlaJI IIIIll\CBaJI, Kr
BOAa, 1<1'
I(onomIlITeJlRIOe CbIpbC, Kr
Onapa, 1<1'
np 0 I1 0 Jl)l(!!TeJJ:bHOCTb 3aMcca, MIIH
BJla)l(jIOCTb, %
Tew.rrcpaTYpa Ha1laJJ:bHaJI, 0 C
npop;OJl)l(lITeJILHOCTb 6pO)l(eHillI, MHH
IUICJlOTHOCTb KOHe'IHaJ1 npH npllrOTOBJlCHHH 1I3AemIfi 113
MYKU, rpap;:
BbIClI1erO copTa
J COpTa
*OplleHTlIpOBO'lHa51 BJla)I(l!OCTb TeCTa npllBCAcHa B :ra6J1. 191.
20
0,5 -I,D
26-29
5-7
63-65
28"':30
240-300
3,5-4,0
4,5 -5,0
no peuelIrypc,
OCTaBIlleeCJl
1<0Jlll'leCTBO
HallMeHonaIille CbIpbH, nony.pa6pHKaToB
H nOKa38TeneH npOII.ecca
PacxoA CbIpMI H napBMeTpbl
no CTa)I.HH1\t TeXHOnOr1ftleCKo--
ro npOl.\eCca
KMK3
TeCTO
no pcuelITYpc
no pac'IeTy
IIO pCl\elIType
46,5-50
15-20
MYKa !IIllCHH'nIa51 XJ]C GO!ICKapnaJl BbIClI1erO HJlH !Icpnoro
cOlna, Kr
J],P0)!OK1i npCCCOBaHHbIC, Kr
*
(".oJlb I10BapCHHaJ1 IIlIIlIenaR, Kr
BOAa,Kr
J],OIlOJIHlITenUIOC CblpbC, Kr
KMK3, Kr
30-32
90-120
2,5-3,5
3,5 -4,0
npOAOmKlITeJlb!IOCTb 3aMcca, MlIlI
Bna)!(I10CTb. %
TCMIICpaTypa lIa1laJlbllaJI, 0 ('
npOAOJl)l(!!TCJlbHOCTb 6P0)l(CHillI, MlIH
KlICJlOTIJOCTb KOHC'IUaH IIpll ITpllI'OTOBJICHlIlI TeCTa
113 MYKU rpap;:
B bIClI1erO capTa
I copTa
J],Jur nony'leHlUI 3ap;amIOM Bna>KHOCTM TeCTa caxap p;03HPYIOT B CYXOM
BP.p:C.
npurOTOBJIeIille TeCTa Ha KOHIJ;elITpHpOBaHHoA MOJIO'lHOKHCJIoA 3aKBaCKe
OrmCaHHe npOl.\ecca npuroToBneHHH KOHl.\CHTpMpoBaHHOM MOnO'lHO-
I<HCnOH 3aKBaCKH (KMK3) B pa3BOp;0'lHOM H npOM3Bop;CTBemfOM lUiKnax
npHBep;eno B pa3p;cne 3.2.5., Ta6JI. 50 H 51.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ne06xo):\HMoro npoH3Bop;CTBY KOJIH'leCTBa KMK3
oT6HpalOT 1/2, 2/3 HJIH 3/4 'lacm roTOBOM KMK3 H HCnOJIh3YlOT na 3aMec
TeCTa.
KOJIH'lCCTBO KMK3, He06xo}:UiMoe lJ)I1J. pa60TbI npoM3BOP;CTBa, pac-
C'lHTbmaroT, 8CXOAH 83 npOM3BO}:UiTeJIbHOCTH ne'leii: lJ)IH Bbme'lKH cyxapHbIX
rumT.
tecTO 3aMeIlIHB;l.IOT B Maunure m2-X1'2.:JJ H):\p. 83 M}'KH, BO.zn,I, KMK3,
OnOJ1HMTeJIhHOrO CbIpbH, P;p0)K)KeM, P;03MpoBKa KOTOpbIX YBCJIH'leHa Ha 20-
30% npOTHB YCTaHOBJIeHHOH HOpMhI no pe.u;emype, p;o "nonyqcInur OAlIO,
J30
3-4
4.5 -6,0
3,75 -5 ,0
3-5
63-65
36-39
480 -960
15-18
15-20
* OpIK!lTlIpOB01lIlaJI .BJla)l(IIOCTb TCCTa npnBcp:eHa B Ta6J1. 191.
97 -96
Ha 20-30%
GOJlb1I1C HOpMbI
IIO pe uelITy pe
no pcuelIType
no pac'IeTy
no pcucliType
7,5-10,0
10-15
*
32-35
90-120
2,5-3.0
2,8-3,0
,Dim nony'lemI5I 3ap;aJ-IHoM Bna)\(UOCTII TCCTa caxap p;03RPYIOT CYXOM
linM B BHp;e pacTBopa.
npHrOTOBJIeHHe TecTa 6e'lOIlapHhIM cnoco6oM
TecTO 3aMeliillBaIOT B MalUHHC T2-M-63, A2-XTE, 11I2-XT2-11, 118-XT A-
12/1, A2-XTT 11 p;p. M3 MYKll, p;po)\()\(eli, YBCJ1H'leHHbIX Ha 20-30% npOTIIB
HOpMbI no pCl.\CnTYpc, P;OnOnHHTenbHoro ChIpbH 11 BOP;bI p;o nonY'lCHJIH
OJJ,HopoAHoli MaCChI 11 nOj:\Bepr:UOT MCXaHJI'leCKOM 06pa60TKc lUHeKOM.
IIpM nopIUfoHHOM rCCTonpllrOTOBneHHH TeCTO 06pa6aThIBalO1' lliHCKOM
nocnc 6pO)!(eHlIH.
331
llp8 HenpCpblBHOM np8rOTOBneHllli TeCTa CbIpbe P;038PYIOT 11.3 paC'Ie-
Ta MIlHYTHoro pacxop;a.
PCQenrypa II. napaMCTpbI TCXHOnOrlf'lCCKOrO npOQccca np8rOTOBnCIDIH
TeCTa npcp;cnumeHbl B TaM. 195.
PCJ:(cnTYpa II pe)!(llM npHrOTOBJlCHHJI TeCTa 6e30napHhIM cnocoGoM
TaGJllIua 195
)!(Yl101HCH nllcT, 06pa3YH nnllTy-pHP;, Ha cI>lln-2 BbmpcCCOBaHHbIM Henpe-
pblBHbIH )!([YT nocTynaeT Ha P;BIDKYIl{lIMCH no TpaHCnOpTcpy xnc60ncKap-
Hbrn nllCT 11 oTpc3acTcH no )J,JIlIHC 1lllCTa.
llpll cpOpMOBKC TCCTa )J,HaMcTp MaTplll,\bI nOp;611p:UOT B 3aBlIClIMOCTH
OT copTa cyxapcH C Y1leTOM YBC118'ICIDlH BbICOTbI 1Ul1lTbI 3a ncplloP; paCCTOH-
K8 11 BbIllC1IKlI np8MepHO B 2 pa3a, a IlIllpHHbI - Ha 10-15 MM. BbICOTa
II. IlmpllHa Bbme'IeHHOM n11l1TbI p;omKHbl 06CCnC'llITb pa3Mcpbl cyxapCH.
OplleHT8pOBO'IHbIe pa3MepbI cyxapeH, 06eCnC'llIBaIOIl{8C YCTaHOB11CH-
HOC K011l1'ICCTBO nlTYK B 1 Kr, npep;CTaB11eHbI B Ta611. 196.
HaHMcHOB8HHe ChIphlI,
nonyq,a6pm<:BTOB H
nOKB3BTcneH npOJ:(eCCB
PaCXOA ChIphH H napRMCTpLI
no CTB,!J,lIJIM TeXHonoru-
qCCKOrO npOJ:(CCCB
T a 6 JI H l( a 196
MYKa nlI1CHWlHaJ1 xneGoneKapHaJ1, Kr
lJpO>KJ!G1 npeCCOBaHHble, I<r
COJib nOBapCHH3J\ nllI!IeBaJ1, Kr
BOAa, Kr
,D.oII01IHHTCJIbHOe CblpbC, Kr
npOAOJDKHTelIlliOCTh 3aMCca, MII!I
BJla)I(Ho CTb, %
TeMIIepaTypa Ha1la.iIhHaJ1, 0 C
npOp;OJl)l(l!TCJIbHOCTb GpO)l(eHIDI, MHH
KHcnOTHOCTb I<OHC'IH3J\ npll npnrOTOBJleHllH TeCTa 113 MY-
KJI, rpa,o;:
B bIClI1cro copTa
I COpTa
*OpneHTlIpOBO'IHaJ1 BlIa)l(HOCTh TeCTa npllBCACHa B :l'aGJ1. 191.
OplleHTlIpOBO'llIbIC pa3MCpbI cyxapcH H KOJlll'lCCTBO IIITYK B 1 Kr
100
Ha 20-30% GOJlblI1e,
1IeM IIO peUCIIType
no peucnTYpe
no pa C'leTY
no peuclITYpc
8-15
K01ll1- Pa3McphI, MM
qCCTBO
lI1T yK B )J)IHIIB
1 Kr
HaHMeHOnaHlIccyxapeH
H3 IlliIeHlI'IHOH M)'KH BLIcwero copTa
J],eTcKHe 180-200 25 -35 40-60 22-24
fllOGIITCJlbCKUe 90-105 90-105 25-35 11-14
BaJIH11hIlbIC, I0611J1cflHble 90-105 60-100 25-38 10-13
flllMOHHbie,ocoGblc 80-90 75 -90 35-42 10-15
MOJl01lHbIC 70-80 110-125 30-40 12 15
lIIKOJIbII bIC 70-80 90-110 40-45 11-13
OpcxoBble 70-80 80-90 35 -43 10-15
C MaKOM, YKpallHCI<lIC 50-60 90-105 35 -45 12-16
CnHB01lHbIC, C H3IOMOM, oceHHlle, KIICBCKlIe, 40-55 100-125 35 -50 12-16
rop'IH'IH ble
H3 nUlCHH'IHOH M)'KiI I copTa
nllOllepCKlIe 110-120 70-80 30-45 10-13
Ko4JciiHbIC 55-65 80-90 35 -40 18-21
EapHaYJlbCKlIe 55 -60 90-105 40-45 13-15
MOCKOBCKue 50-60 90-105 40-45 12-15
TypllCTlI'ICCI<lIC 45 -60 110-130 35 -40 12-15
IOGlIJlenHblC 45 -55 95-105 40-45 13-15
J],opo)I(Hbie 35 -40 90-115 40-50 12-15
P5I3aHCKIIC:
npHMoyroJiblIbie lie MCHee 110 50-60 11-13
28
KBa)J;paTIIble He MeHce 50-60 50-60 11-12
55
333
*
30- 34
90-150
2,0-3,0
2,5-3,5
Pa3j:\CmC1 TeCTa, paccroAKa, oTn;emca H BLIlIe'Lt<a
TecTo, npHrOTOBJIeHHOe Op;HHM 83 OIlllCaHHbJX cnoco60B,. pa3p;CJIbI-
BaiOT _ Ma.IllHHC MCll-I, MCll-2 8 cI>TIn-2. llp8 pa3p;e11KC Ha MaIlluHax
MCll-I, MCll-2 <POPMOBaHHbIe P;011bK8 YKJIa,rI,bIBaIOI p;pyr K p;pyry Ha AIm-
332
PaccToiiKY Cq,OpMOBa.'iHblX 3ar-OTOBOK npoBOART B paccTOiiHblX lllKaq,aX
A2-XP A Ii Ap. B TC'IeHHC 50-75 MHH npH TCMTIepaType 35-40° C. lliIHTbI noc-
ne paccToiiKH CMa3bIBalOT RH'lHoii cMa3Koii.
CyxapH KOq,cHIIbIe nOCJIe Rwmoii CMa3KH nOCblfialOT Ap06JIeHOii KpOlll'
KOH, a mo6HTeJIbCKHe - opexoM.
CyxapHble IUlHThI BbmCKaIOT B nc'IH II>TD, rrxC-25 Ii Ap. npH TCMTICpa-
rypc 200-260°C 15-20 MHH, B 3aBMCHMOCTH OT copTa cyxapcii H Map-
KH ne'ill.
BblfiC'ICHlibIe cyxapHbIe IUlHTbI YKJIa,!U>iBaIOT Ha q,aHcpHbIe nHCTbI WIH
B JIOTKIf Ha ffiDKll1010 KOPKY WIH pc6po H nOMell\aIOI B KYJICp HJrn Ha Ba-
rOHeIKH, He AonYCKaR Acq,opMaru1li nJIHT. QCpe3 5-24 'I, B 3aBMCHMOCTM
OT YCJIOBHH npoH3BOACTBa, WIHTbI npHTOAHbI AIUI pe3KII Ha JIOMTH. TIo-
Mell\eIille IJ)IR OXJI<l)j(JJ;CHHH M BbI,lJ;CP)\(KH nJIHT AOJI)!(HO 6bITb CyxHM II BeH-
TWIIIPYCMbIM. .
PC3KY nJIHT Ha JIOMTM npoH3BOJJ,RT MaIlIHHaMH: AHCKOBbIMH xne60pe-
3aJ1bHLIMH XPM-300M, MPX-180 M nWIopaMHblJl.lli XPTI, A2-XP2-TI HAp.
nOMTHKH BpY'lliyro HJrn MCxaIill'lCCKM paCKJIa,r:J;bIBaIOT lIa MCTaJIJIH'IeC-
KHe JIHCTbI HJ1H nOA ne'ill H HanpaBJUlIOT Ha CYlllI<Y.
OAHy CTOpOHy cpe3a cyxapeii oceHHHX M C M31OMOM nOCbInaIOT caxapHbIM
neCKOM.
CyxapH cywaT B nc'laX II>TD, EH-25, rrxC-25, TI-104 MAp. B IIC'Iax
6onbllloii MOIWIOCTM TMna EB-50 CYWKa cyxapeii He peKOMCH,!:\yeTCR.
OpHCHTHpoBO'IHaH npoAOJDKHTCJIbHOCTb M TCMneparypa C}'lllKH cyxapeii
npHBeAeHa B ra6n. 197.
BhIAep)1{J(8 cyxapHhlX IDIHT M cymKa cyxapeli
TCMITcpaTYpa DC'll! H npo,!:\OJDlOlTeJlbIlOCTh CflI1KH cyxapcii
npOOOnJKeHUe Ta6n. 197
HlUiMeHOBaHlte cyxapeii
TCMI1epaTY-
pa netJH,
C c
npOAOJUKH-
TenbHOCTb
CYWKII. ,,-urn
1-13 MYKII 1 copTa
nllOHCpCKHe
MOCKOBCKlIC, KOIjJCl!HbIC, IJ,OpO>KIILIC
EapHaYJlbCl< lie
TypllCTll'leCKHC
I06HJlcillIble
PH3aHCKlIC
200-205
180-210
115-120
190-195
lI5-120
180-200
12-16
18-25
18-20
20- 22
20-25
15-18
OxnroK,!1elille M ynaKoBKa cyxapeli
BbICYllleHHble cyxapil oxn<l)j(JJ;aIOT, }'KJIa)J,blBaIOT B JIll\HKH WIH cpacyroT
B nOnHJTHnCHOBbIe naKCTbI BPY'IHyro WIH aBTOMaT3MH AP4)f( WIM Ap.
CYXAPH OCEHHHE
l' a 6 JI H Lt a 197
CyxapM occHHlIe BbIpa6aThIBalOT no rOCT 8494-73 H3 MYKM nlllCIill'IHOH
BblClllero copTa. OAHa cTOpoHa cpe33 y cyxapeii 06CbInaHa caxapHbIM nec-
KOM. ,
OpHCHTHpOBO'lHbIC pa3MepbI cyxapeii, o6ecnC'lHBaI01l\HC KOnM'IeCTBO
lllTYK B 1 Kf ....: 40-55: )J.JIHH3 105-125 MM, BbICOIa 35-40 MM, TOn1l\HHa
12-16 MM.
HBHMCHOBBHHccyxapeH
TeMncpaTY-
pa ne'l}{,
C c
npOAOJUKH-
TeJ1hHOC Tb
CYWI<H, MHH
H3 MYKH BbiClI1Cro COpTa
)leTCKJIC, lI1KOJIblIbie, opeXOBbie, JIHMOHlIbic
175-200
180-200
175-210
175-230
165-200
180-185
180-210
190-210
Jbc5l1TeJJbCJ<HC
BauHJU.lIbiC, MOnO'IHbIe, rOp'lll'IHbiC
OIHBO'IHbIC, C MaKOM
OccHHue, C H3IOMOM
10611J1elliIbie
OC06biC
YKpaHHCKHc,KHeBCKHC
334
OIiMC3Hue TeXHOnOrH'leCKOrO npOQecca
12-17
17-18
12-16
12-18
16-20
22-25
12-14
21-22
TCCTO rom cyxapeii oceHIillX MO)\(HO rOTOBMTb nlO6bIM M3 BbIlliCOIlll-
CaHHblX cnoc060B.
Peuenrypa H pe)f(HM npHTOTOBnCHMR TeCTa onapHblM cnoc060M npMBe-
p;eHbI B Ta6JI. 198.
335
T a 6 JI 111\ a 198
CyIIIKa 06CbIllaHHbIX 1I0MTlfKOB llpoH3BO)J,HTCH Ha 1lliCTax WIH ceTKax
IIpli TCMIICparypc 165-200° C B TC'IeHHC 16-20 MIDI.
IIocrre OXJIIDK,J:\eHJi:H cyxapH YKJIa.)J,bIBaIOTCH B HIIJ,HKll IDIauIMH.
PC1\eOTYpa H pe)I(HM npHI'OTOBJICHlIJI TeCTa onapHbIM cnoco60M
AM cyxapeif oceHHHX
HBHMeHOB8HlIe ChIphfl,
nony.pa6pHKBTOB H
nOK8SB TeneH npouecca
Pacxoj:\ ChIpbfl H nBpaMeTphI
no CTa):\HJlM TeXHOnOI'H-
qeCKOI'O npoueccB
CYXAPH MOCKOBCKME
onapa TeCTo
43,5 56,5
2,4
1,0
17,0
15,0
20,0 no paC1ICTY
65,9
42,0 -4 3,0 30,5-31,5
27 -30 32-35
240-300 15-35
2,5-4,0 2,0-3,0
Cyxaplf MOCKOBCKlle BbIpa6aTbIBaIOT 110 faCT 8494-73 H3 MYKll
III.UCHH'IHOR IIcpBoro copTa.
OplfeHTIlpoBo'IHbIC pa3McpbI CyxapcR, o6ecllc'nmalOll\lfe KOJIlf1lCCTBO
lllryK B 1 Kr - 50-60: )J.JIHHa 90-105 MM, BbICOTa 40-45 MM, T01lll\HHa
12-15 MM.
MYKa nlI1CHH'lHa5I XJle60lIeKapHa5I BbIClI1Cro copTa, Kr
.[WO)l()!(lI XJlcGolIeKapHbIC npCCCOBaIIHbIC, Kr
COJIb IIOBapCHHaH IIHlI1cBaJ1, Kr
Caxap-nccoK, Kr
MaprapHH CTOJlOBbIfi C COI1Cp)l(aHlICM )!(lIpa 82%, Kr
B011.a, Kr
Onapa, Kr
BJI oCTh, %
TeMJIcpaTYpa Ha1laJIbUa5I, 0 C
npOAOJJ)l(l!TCnbIIOCTh Gp0)l(eHH5I, MlIH
KHcnOTHOCTb KOHC'IHaJ1, rpaA
OIDfcaHHe TeXH01l0rH'leCJ>:oro IIpOQecca
18 KI' caxapa li3 35 Kr, 1I01l0)l(eHHbIX 110 peQcIIType (Ha 100 Kr MYKll) ,
OCTaBJUlIOT Ha 06CbIllJ>:Y cyxapmIx goneK.
TCCTO )J.JIJI cyxapcH MOCKOBCKliX MO)I(HO rOTOBlfTb mo6bIM 1f3 BbIlI1e-
OIlliCamIbIX Clloco60B.
PCQcnrypa If pe)l<lfM IIplITOTOBneHHH TeCTa 6e30napHbIM cnoco60M
npllBegeHbI B Ta611. 199.
T a 6 JI II U a 199
Pa3P;eJII(3 TecTa, paCCTOA1G1 H BbIDe<n<a CyxapHbIX IDIHT
Pel\enTYpa H pe)!Q{M npHI'OTOBJICHlIJI TCCTa 11M cyxapeif MOCKOBCKIIX
fOTOBoe TeCTO pa3geJIbmalOT Ha ge1lliTenbHbIX MaIllliHax B Blip;e cy-
xapHbIX II1lliT, YKJIa.)J,bIBaIOT HX Ha JIHCThI Ii HanpaBnmoT Ha paCCTOHKY.
TIpogoll)l<lfTeJIbHCTb paccToRKll 50-55 MIlH npli TeMIIeparype 35-40° C.
PaccTOJIBlillIeCJI 3arOTOBKll CMa3blBaIOT JIlI'lHOR CMa3KOR li3 qaCTIf JIliQ,
npegycMoTpeHHbIX peQenrypoH, gpyraJI '1aCTh Ifcnollh3yeTCJI ]JJIJI CMa3KIi
cyxapHbIX nOMTHKOB.
BbIIIeqKa CyxaPHbIX II1lliT llpolf3BOAHTCJI Ha JIHCTaX B ne'lax pa31lli'l-
HbIX KOHCTPYKII,lIH If 6e3 na ynna)l(}leHlUI, IIpogon)l<lfTenbHocTh 15-20
MHH npH TeMileparype 200-260 C.
HaHMeHonaHHe ChIphfl H
nOKB3BTeneH npoueCCB
PBCXOj:\ CbIphfl H nBpBMeTpbI
no CTBiJ,WIM TeXHOnOI'H'lCC-
KOI'O npoueCCB
Bblp;ep>KI<a CyxapHbIX IDIHT, cywJ>:8 H OXJWKgeHHe cyxapeA
MYKa mnCHWlHa5I xneGoIIcKapHaJ1, I copn, Kr
.[WO)l()!(lI xJleGoneKapHble IIpCCCOBaHHbIe, Kr
COJib nOBapCHHaJ1 IIlIlI1eBaJ1, Kr
Caxap-necoK, Kr
Macno CJIHBO'IHoe HeCOJICHOe, Kr
TCMIIcpaTypa lIa1laJIhHaJ1, C C
npOIJ,OJJ)l(lITeJlbHOCTh 6P0)l(CHH5I, MHH
KHcnoTHOCTh KOHC'IHaJ1, rpalJ,
BJlaxmoCTh, %
100
1,5-2,0
1,0
13,0
5,0
30-34
90-150
2,5-3,5
34-35
BblIIe'leHHbIe cyxapHble IDIliThI nOMell\alOT B KOHBCHepHbIH IIIKa4> mIH
Ha BarOHeTKY )J.JIH OXJIIDK,J:\eHIDI 1'1 BbIgep)l(KH. nocne 5 -24 'I BbIgcp)I(KH
II1lliThI pa3pc3aIOT Ha AHCKOBbIX wm 1IHJ10paMHbIX XJIe60pe3aJIbHbIX MauI.H-
Hax H8 nOMTHKll, ogHa CTOpOHa cpe3a KOTOpbIX CMa3bIBaeTCJI JIli'IHOH CMa3-
KOH If 06cbIIlaeTcH caxapHblM neCKOM. 06cblIIKa nOMTIlKOB MO)l(CT IIpO-
H3BO)J;HTbCJI BpY'fHYIO R1IH MexaHH'IeCKll C nOMOll\blO CIlCII,lIaJIbHOrO npHcllo-
c0611eHIDI, YCTaHa:BJIHBaeMOrO Ha TpaHcnopTepc.
KOJIH'leCTBO gp0)!()KeH IIpH. 6e30napHoM cnoco6c ynenll'leHO Ha 0,5-
1;0 Kr (Ha 100 Kr M}'IClI) IIponm- HOpMbI no peQenrype.
fOTOBHOCTh TeCTa onpegenHCTCJI no gocTII)I(eHHIO 3a;:J;aHHOM KllcnOT-
HOCTI!.
336
337
Pa3p;eJIKa TeCTa, paccToAKa H BLlne'll<3 CyxapHbIX IU1HT
rOH If O,IJ;HOpOAlIOH MaCCbI. fOToBoe TeCTO 1f3 TeCTOMeCIDIbHoii M bI
nocTynacT Ha ABIDKyunIHCH TpaHCnOpTCp, KOTOpbIH nop;aCT ero Ha pa3neJIKY.
I1plf nop OHHOM 3aMcce 3arpY3Ka CbIpbH npolfCXO}J;HT B cneP;YIDIlteH
nocneJ],oBaTenbHOCTIf. B MeClUlbH}'lO MaIlIHH}' n03lfpYlOT caxap rum caxap-
Hbm paCTBOp, conCBOH paCTBOp, BOP;Y, P;P0)!Ql(lf, npeABaplfTeIThHO pa3Be-
nCHHbIC B BOnC, paCTOillICHHbIH MapraplfH If npyroe CbIpbC If n06aBJ1IDOT
MyKY npH nOCTenCHHOM nepeMCIillIBaHHH. I1ponomKIiTenbHOCTb 3aMeca
10-15 Mlill.
Ha'laJIbHaR Tervmeparypa TCCTa non>KHa 6bITb HC BbIIlIC 29° C. llplf 60nee
BbICOKOH TCMIICparype TeCTO CTaHOBlfTCJl MCHce :maCTIl'IHbIM If D npouecce
06pa60TKIf PBYIIJ,liMCH.
fOToBoe TeCTO pa3p;eJIbIBaIOT Ha nemuenbHbIX MaUlIiHax B BlflJ:e cyxap-
HbIX rumT, YKJIa,JJ.bIBalOT If X Ha nlfCTbl If HaIIpaBnmoI Ha paCCTOM:KY. llpo-
nOmlGlTenbHOCTb paccToHKH - 50-60 MHH nplf ICMncpaTYpc 35-40° C.
PaccToHBIillIecH 3arOTOBKH CMa3bIBaIOT HH'lHOH cMa3KoH. BbIne'lKa npolf3-
BOnHTCH Ha 11HCTaX B nctJax pa3nll'lHbIX KOHCIPYK H 6e3 napoYBna:>KHCHllH
B Te'lCHHC 18-22 MilH npH TCMrrepaType 200-220° C.
BbIP;ep>KKa cyxapHbIx IU1HT, cywKa H OXJIIDKp;eIDIe cyxape1t
BbInC'lCHHbIC cyxapHble rumTbI nOMeIltalOI B paccIoHHblH IllKa<p wm Ha
DarOHeTKH }J.i1H. oxna)K)],CIDIH H Bbl}J.Cp)l(J(}!. llocne 5-24 'l Bblnep)!(KIi mIl-ITbI
pa3pe3alOT Ha xne60pe3aJIbHbIX MaIlIHHax, nHCKOBblX wm mmOpaMlfbIX,
Ha nOMTII, KOTOpbIC paCKJIa,JJ.bIBaIOT Ha 11HCTbI lillll Ha no}J. nc'lI1 BpY'lliYlO
HID! C nOMOIltblO KalGiX-nH60 MCXaHlf'lCCKHX nplfcnoc06neHllH If OTIIpaB-
lImOT Ha CYIllKY. CyIllKa cyxapeii npOlf3BOnHTCH B xne60ncKapHbIX netJax
pa3Jll1'lHbIX KOHCTpYKuuii B TC'lCIDIe 18-25 MHH nplf TCMncparypc 180-
210° C.
BbIC)'ll1CHHbIC cyxapH OXJ1a)K)],aIOT, a 3aTCM YKJIanblBalOT B Hl!UIKU WIll
<PacYlOT B n011H3TI1nCHOBbIe naKeTbI BpY'lliYlO WIIf aBTOMaTarvm AP4:>K If np.
TaGnllua 200
PencnTypa H PC)t(lfM npHI'OTOBRCHHH TeCTa J1JIH npoH3BOACTBa COJlOMKH
Hall;'UJHOBBHHe ChIpbH, nonyclJa6pmcaToB,
nOKB3aTeJIH npOUeCCB
PBCXOA ChIphlI H napBMeTpbl npoueCCB
wm conOMKH
KHeB-
CKOH
B8HH1Ih-
HOH
ConOMK3
MYKa IIlI1CHWlHaJI xJleGonel<apHaJ1, KT:
BbIClI1erO COpTa
I. COpTa
)]PO)I()I(II xncGoneKaplJ],Ie npeccoBaHHble, KT
Com, IJOBapeHHaJ1 nllll(enaJI, Kr:
B TeCTO
Ha oGCbIIIKY
BO)J;a,Kr
Caxap-rrccOK, Kr
MaprapMH CTOJlOBbIfi C COP;CP)\<aHHCM )Iillpa 82%,
KT
Macno IIOIJ,COJIHC'IHOe, Kr 4,0
BaIlHJJlIH, KT 0,03
CnIIp:r-peKTllcpllKaT, Kr 0,27
MaK, Kr 5,0
HaTpHJf/1ByyrneKHcm,rH, Kr 1,0 1,0 1,0 I,D
Ha1la11bHaH TCMIIepaTypa, 0 C 26-29 26-29 26-29 26-29
llpOgOJDIGITC11bHOCTb OTJle)I(KlI, M1IH 40 40 40 30
KOHe t ;1iaJ1 KlICJlOTHOCTb, rpa,lJ;, HC Gonec 2,5 3,0 3,0 2,5
BJlWKIIOCTb, % 33-34 32-34 33-34 33-34
Pa30em,a, o66apKa U BbmeilKa. llpoUecc pa3nem<1I conOMKH MexaHH-
3HpOBaH If BenCTCH Ha cnc a.r:rbHoii nllHlm 29-81M 1I np. BOpOHKH Hap;
IillICKOM 3anOJIHIDOT rOTOBblM TCCTOM, 3aTCM TeCTO IllHCKaMH HarHeTaeTCJl
B MaTpliUbI, OTKyna BbIXOnnT B Blf,lJ;e 6ecKOHe'lHbIX )!(J)'TOD.
066apKa. TccToDble )KTyrbI neHTO'lHbIM TpaHCnOpTepoM nOnaIOTCJl
Ha CCT'laTbIii MCTannH'leCKHH TpaHCnOpTep, ABH)!(yunIiiCH D BaHHe, Hanon-
HeHHOH O}J.HonpoueHnIbIM paCTBopoM AByyrneKHcnoro HaTpIDI, }J.JUl nony-
'leHliH 30nornCToro OTTCHKa nOBepXHocrn conOMKH.
100,0
100,0 100,0 100,0
0,3 0,1 0,4 0,2
0,5 0,3 0,3 0,3
2,2
no pac'IeTy
20,0 15,0 3,0 15,0
2,0 7,0 4,0 15,0
5.5. nr0l13BOACTBO COnOMKI1, X1IEEHbIX IlA110'lEK
11 CYXOrO KBACA
ConOMKY Bblpa6aTbIBalOT no fOCT 11270-65 1f3 IIIllCHll'lliOll MYKIf
BbIClllcro If I copTa.
COJIOMKa npeACTaBnHeT C060ll lI31J.e11HH, IfMClOll\lfe <POPMY oKpyrncH-
HbIX naJIO'leK nHaMeTpOM 8 MM If }J.JIlfHOH OT 10 no 28 CM.
ConOMKa BbmYCKaCTCH BecoBoi1 If <pacoBam-IOii B KapTOHHbie ¥JIli 6y-
M3)!(IlbIC Kop06KH If JIll na'IKH MaCCOll HCTTO 0,4 1I 0,5 Kr CJIc}J.}'lOIIJ,liX
BlU-J;OB: KHeBCKaJI, cna)J.KaJI, COnCHaJI If BaHWIbHaH.
TecTo rOIOBRT 6e30napHbiM cnoc060M 1f3 MyKlI C 3JIaCTlI'IHOH If yrrpy-
rOH KJIei'iKoBlfHoll (Ta6n. 200) .
3aMeIilllBaHlfe TCCTa npoH3Bo}J.HT IlOPlUfOHHO 1Ul1i HcnpepbIBHo.
3aMec np01l3BOlJ,HT Ha TeCTOMeClUlbHblX MaIlIHHaX, nplfcnoc06neIffibIX }J.JIH
3aMeca TeCTa C HH3KOH BJIaJKHOCTblO (Th1-63; T2-M-63 If np.).
llpll HenpepbIBlIOM cnoc06e npHrOTOBnCHllH TeCTa MYKa, paCTOnneHHbm
MaprapllH, Macno IlOnCOJ1lIe'llioe, caxapHbIii paCTBOp, MaK If npHrOTOBneH-
HaR B OTAenblIOH CMKocrn nplf HcnpepbIBHOM IlcpeMCIillIBamm CMCCb 1f3
npo)!()!(eii, COJ1H, BaHIDThHOH 3CCCHlUflf If BOnbl nocTyrraeT B TeCTOMCCl!JIbHYID
MaIlllmy. TCCTO nOJDKHO 6bITb Tll\aTeJIbHO nepeMeIlleHO }J.O nonyqCHID1 ynPY-
338
0,05
0,46
339
TeMIIepaTypa COAoBoI'o paCTBopa Aon)J(J{a nO,lJJJ;cp)!G!BaThcJI B npcAcnax
70-90° C. I1pH Hcc06moAemiH TCMncpaTypHoI'o pC)l(HMa 06BapKH )!(I'yrbI
TCCTa MoI'yr npWIHnaTh K ceTKC TpaHcnopTepa wm cnyTbIBaThCJI Me)KJ:\y
C060M.
06BapKa TCCTOBbIX )!(I'yrOB npOHCXonHT BO BpeMJI ABH)j(CIlliJI TpaHCnOp-
Tcpa H AJUITCJI npuMcpHO 26-50 c, nocne '1cI'o OHM nOCTynaJOT Ha neH-
TO'IHbIH non KOHBCMCpHOH nc'lli.
I1pH BbIpa60TKC COnOMKH coneHOM ncpcA BbmC'IKOM ce nOCbmaJOT
conblO.
BbmCI/Ka. I1poAOn)I(HTenbHOCTh Bbme'lKH conOMKH 9-15 MHH npH
TeMIIepaType neKapHoii KaMepbI 180-230° C. I1pH BbIXOAC H3 nC'IH conOM-
Ka nOMaCTCJI MCXaJU1'ICCKHM HaApC3'lliKOM HlIH Ha cI'H6c nona no umpHHe
nnoIltaAH. YKJIaAbIBaJOT conoMKy B Kopo6KH HlIH na'lKH, YCTaHoBncHHbIc Ha
ABH)f(}'IltCMCH TpaHCnOpTcpc.
)J,nJI 60nee 6bIcTpoI'o OCTbIBaHHJI conOMKH HaA TpaHCnOpTcpoM YCTa-
HaBmrnaCTCJI BCHTHJIJITOp.
llano'lKH xne6HbIe
TaGnllua 201
Pe eITIypbl H pe)l(l!MbI npHI'OTOBneHHJI TecTa AJlII nanO'leK
P acxoA CbIphJl H ItapaMeTpbI ItpOv;ecca 1J,JI1I IUlJIOqeK
HBHMeHOBaHHe ChIphJl xne6- xne6- cAo6- ape- npOCJIaBCKHX
H ItOKB3aTeneH npoIJ;ecca HbIX HbIX HbIX MaT-
C HhIX ItpOC- cone-
TMHHO TbIX HbIX
MYKa ItlI1eHWlHaJ1 xne60ne- 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
l{apHaJ1 BbIClI1erO capTa, Kr
MYKa mneHI!'IHa5I xne60ne- 100,0 100,0 100,0
KapHaR nepBoro COpTa, Kr
):J:P0)lOKH npeCCOBaIUIhIC xne- 5,5 6,0 6,0 6,0 5,0 6,0 5,0
60nCKapHbIe, Kr
COJIb ItOBapCHHaJ1 nllIIIeBa5I,
Kr:
B TeCTO 1,5 1,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 1,0 2,0
Ha OT)1CJlKY 4,0
Bo p,a, I{r no paC1IeTY
Caxap-necoK, Kr 1,0 2,0 18,0 7,0 2,0 7,0 2,0
MaprapllH CTOJlOBbIil C col1ep- 2,5 6,0 4,0 4,0 4,0
)l(aI!lICM )!(lIpa 82%, Kr
Macno )I(l!Bomoc, 1<1' 4,0
MaCJlO paCTHTCm.HOe, Kr 2,5 2,5 4,0 2,0
IlaToKa KpaXMaJlliHaJ1, Kr 1,0
MaK Ha OT)1enKY, Kr 2,0
TMlIH,Kr 1,5
BaII}IJllIlI, Kr 0,02 0,02
3ccei!UHH WITpYCOBaJ1, I{r 0,5
Tel\1!Icparypa Ha1laIIhlIaJ1, 0 C 24-30 24-30 24-30 24-30 24-30 24-30 24-30
npOp;OJ1)1(l!TCIIhlIOCTb OTJle)l(- 10-20 10-20 15-25 15-25 15-25 15-25 15-25
1{1I TeCTa, MlIH
KIIcnoTIIOCTh KOHC'IHa5I TeCTa, 2,5 2,5 2,5 3,0 2,5 2,5 3,0
He 60Jlee, rpap;
I1anO'IKH xnC6HbIC BbIpa6aTbIBaJOT no OCT 18422-84 H3 nIllCHH'lHOH
MYKH BbICIllCI'O H ncpBoI'o COpTOB.
Xnc6HbIe nanO'IKH npCACTaBJlJIJOT C060M cyxHc H3Acm!JI B BHAC nano-
'ICK, npHI'oToBncHHbIx H3 Ap0)!Q/(cBoI'o TCCTa Ha cnCIUianbHbIX McxaHH3Hpo-
BaHHbIX nHHMIIX MapKH ,,Polin" HAp.
XnC6HbIC nanO'IKH BbmycKaJoT BCCOBbIMH H <paCOBaHHbIMH Maccoii
0,25, 0,3, 0,4 H 0,5 KI' cncAYlOiltHX HaHMCHOBaHHM: xnc6HbIC, xnc6HbIC
C TMMHOM, cA06HbIe, apoMaTHbIc, HpocnaBcKHc npocTbIC, JIpOCnaBCKHC
concHbIc, HpocnaBcKHc cA06HbIe (Ta6n. 201).
)J,nJI nanO'ICK xnc, 6HbIX xnc6HbIX C TMHHOM, JIpOCnaBcKHx npocTbIX,
JIpocnaBcKHx Cn06HbIx H HpOCnaBCKHX conCHbIX TCCTO peKOMeH,n,yeTcH
I'OTOBHTh Ha ApO)!Q/(CBOM MonOKC HlIH npCCCOBaHHbIX Ap0)!Q/(ax 6C3 CT<iAHH
6pO)j(CHlliI .
)J,nJI nanO'IeK CA06HbIX H apoMaTHbIx TCCTO PCKOMCHAYCTCJI I'OTOBHTb
6c30napHbIM cnoc060M Ha npe,lJ;BapHTcnbHo aKTHBl!POBaHHbIX npCCCOBaH-
HbIX AP0)K)Kax.
)J,nJI nanO'ICK xnC6HbIX, xnc6HbIX C TMHHOM, J'lpocrr aBCKHX npocT
cA06mIX H coneHbIX 3aMeC TeCTa npoIl3BO)J.1lT B TecT oMecHJThHo ii MaIIIHHe-
TM-63 11 Ap.
,lJ,mI nplITOTOBneHHJI TeCTa CHa1Jana TIltaTenbHO nepCMCIllHBaJOT BO.n;y,
APOJiOKH, npC,lJ;BapIlTCJThHO pa3BeneHHbIe B BOne, pacrnopbI caxapa H COJIH,
paCTlUCJIbHOe Macrro xl Apyroe CblpbC, 3aTeM nOCTcneHHO 3aCbill3lOT M)'KY.
3aMec npOll3BOAHT AO nony'leHIDI XOPOWO npoMeweHHOH OAHOPOA-
HOM MaCCbl.
3aMewemwe TCCTO HanpaBnJ'nOT Ha oTne y, 3aTeM nponYCKaJOT
'lepe3 HaTHpo'IHyro MaUlliHy H4M HAp.
Pa3p,enKY TCCTa npoH3BO)J.1lT Ha CneIUiaJlbHOll <popMYIDIl1ei'l Mauume
XeDE. C<pOpMOBaHHbJC TCCTOBbIC 3arOTOB1OI Ha JIHCTaX nOCTyIIaJOT Ha pac-
cTOiiKy.
340
341
TIpOJJ:omKHTCnbHOCTb paCCTOllKH npH TCMncpaTypc 30-40 0 C H OUIO-
CHTClIbHOH BlIIDKHOCTH 80-90% jJ,1IH narrO'lCK XJIC6HbIX H XJIC6HbiX C TMII-
HOM - 35-60 MIIH, jJ,1IH HpOClIaBCKHX - 25-30 MIIH. .flpoClIaBCKHC ITa-
no'lKH JJ:onycKacTcH BbmeKaTb 6C3 pacCTollKH.
JJ.nH narrO'lCK CJJ:06HbIX H apoMaTHbIX 3aMCC TCCTa npoH3BoJJ:RT B TCCTO-
MCCHlIbHbIX MarnHHax TMM-120 Ii JJ:p.
TIonO)!(CillIOC no pcu;cnTYpc CbIpbC (KpOMC M}'K1i Ii JJ:pO)!()!(cii:) 3arpy-
)!(aIOT B MallIHHY, 11l\aTClIbHO ncpcMellillBaIOT C BOJJ:OH, 3aTCM BHOCHT aKTH-
BlipoBaHHbIc JJ:P0)!()!(}l H npH ncpeMeUIlIBaHID! 3aCbmaIOT MYKy.
TIocnc 3aMeCa TeCTO HanpaBnHIOT Ha 6pO)!(Cffirc. TIpOJJ:OJIJKHTCnbHOcTb
6po)!(CHlliI jJ,1IH narrO'lCK CJJ:06HbIX - 90-120 MHH, apOMaTHbIX - 60-70
MIDI.
Bbl6po)!(CillIOe TeCTO OTJJ:enbHbIMH nOpLUiHMH nponYCKaIOT '1CpC3 Ha-
TlipOtIHyIO Maurn:HY H-4M Ii JJ:p. H nocnc OTJIC)!(KH B BI1JJ:C nnaCTOB HarrpaB-
nHIOT Ha pa3JJ:cnKY Ha <}JOpM)'lOlI.\YlO Maurn:llY.
Bbmc'lKY rrarrO'lf<K npoH3BOJJ:HT Ha IDlCTax B nC'Iax TII1K-8 H JJ:p. C npe,n:-
BapHTcnbHOH OlIInapKOH TCCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK B TC'IeHllC 2-3 MIIH m1H 6C3
oIillIapKll. 0
TIpoJJ:on)!(}ITCnbHOCTb Bbme'IKH rrpH TCMrrcpaTYpc 200-240 C:
rrarrO'lCK XJIe6HbIX, XJIC6HbIX C TMHHOM .... 9-13 MHH;
CJJ:06HbIX, apoMaUIblx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8-10 lvIHH;
HpOCnaBCKHX npocTblX, CJJ:06HbIX, conCHbIX ..8-12 Ml1H.
TIpOH3BOJJ:CTBO KBaca cyxoro XJIC6HOro COCTOHT H3 cncJJ:YlOlI.\llX CTa-
IJ,Hi1: :
npHrOTOBlICffirC KBaCHoro XJIc6a;
npl1rOTOBncHHc cyxapHoH KpolIIKll;
rrpl1rOTOBncmrc cyxoro XJIC6HOrO KBaca.
TIplll"OTOBnCHlic KBaClwro XJIc6a. KBacHoH XJIc6 Bblpa6an,maCTCJI
H3 MYKl1 P)!(illIOH 060ifHoH, <}JCpMCHTHpOBaH1IOrO H liC<}JcpMcHmpOBaInroro
conoJJ:a Ha TCXHOnOrl1'1eCKl1X J1HffiUIX AmI npoH3BOJJ:crna P)l(aHbIX H p)l(aHO-
rnucHH'IHbIX <}JOpMOBbIX COpTOB XJIc6a.
TIplll"OTOBnCHHe TCCTa OCYlI.\CCTBlIHCTCH Ha rYCTbIX 3aKBaCKax C JJ:06aB-
nCHHeM 3aBapKll (Ta6n. 203).
Ta 6J1 If u;a 203
PeU;CIII)'pa H peJKHM:b1 npHroTonnCIIHJI TeCTa !la rYCThIX 3aKnaCK8X
HOHMeHOBllHHe CbIpbJI,
nony.p.a6pllKsro II nOKll30TeneH
npOIJ;eCca
PacxOA CbIphJI R nOpaMerphI
no CT8,!:\HJIM
TeCTO
19,0 10,0 49,9
12,4
2,7
1,5
75,1
43,0
25,0
13,0 60,0 no pac-
'ieI)'
26-28 65 -68 28-30
210-240 40-90
120-240
12-15 11-14
48-50 74-76 48,5-
50,5
CYXOR XHEEHbIR KBAC
MYKa p)l(aJIa5I 060tlHaJ1, Kr
Conog q,CpMCHTHpODaHHbtlI, Kr
COJlog JIecpcpMcHTlfpOBaIlHbIil, Kr
CoJlb, Kr
3anapKa, Kr
3aKnaC!<a, Kr
MYKa B 3aKBaCKC Ha TeCTO, Kr
Boga,Kr
CYXOM XJIC6Hbrn KBac - nony<}Ja6pl1KaT, npeJJ:Ha3Ha'lCHHbrn jJ,1IH npo.
MbIllUICfllioro 11 JJ:OMaIllHCrO npl1rOTOBncmrH KBaca HaCTOHHblM cnoco60M,
npeJJ:CTaBnHCT C060H CMCCb KpolIIKH cnCLUiarrbHO BbmC'ICHHOrO XJIe6a Ii
conoJJ:a (Ta6n. 202).
T a 6 n H U a 202
TCMIIepaTYpa Ha1laJIbIIaJI, 0 C
npogon)!(llTCJJbHOCTb, MlIH:
6pO)l(CHlUI
o caxapl!BaIllliI
KHCJlOTIIOCTb KOHe'IHaJ1! rpag
BnaxQ/oCTb, %, HC Goncc
Peu;enIYpa Ha 1 T cyxoro xne6Horo Knaca
HallMeHCBOHlIe ChlphJI
Bcero
KBOCHO- cyxoro
ro xne6a KBaca
824 824
289 120 169
52 26 26
15 15
1426
827
I1ToJ'Q 1180 985 1426 1022
TIplll"OTOBnCmrc rYCTOH 3aKBaCKH no pa3Bogo'IHOMY H npoH3BoJJ:crncH-
HOMY LUiKJIaM oCYlI.\ccrnrurcTcH cornaCHO HHCTpYKWfH, npHBcgcHHOH B
pa3gcnc 3. _
3aBapKY rOTOBHT B 3aBapo'lHbIX MalIIHHax (X3-2M-300, X3-2M-600 H
lq>.). TIpl1 npHTOTOBnCmrn 3aBapKH MyKY CMCurn:BaIDT C <}JCpMCHTHpOBaH-
HbIM conOJJ:OM H 3aBapHBaIOT rOpH'ICH BOgoH IDIH CMCCbIO BOADI H MOnO'IHOH
CbffiOpOTKII (85-90 0 C). HC<}JCpMCHTHpoBaHHbrii: conoJJ: BHOCHTCH B KOH-
nc nponccca 3aBapHBaHHJI npH reMncpaTypc 63-65 0 C.
.D.nH ocaxapHBaHIDI 3aBapKH pCKOMCHrot'IOT npHMCIUITh <}JCpMCHUIbIC
npcnapaThI: AMHnOpH3HH TIlOx B KOJIH'ICcrnc 0,01-0,02% K Maccc M}'KH
H conoJJ:a; fJIIOKOaMIDIa3Y O'lHlltCliHyIO - 0,01%. TIpH JTOM B3aMCH HC<}JCP-
MCHTHpoBaHlwro conoJJ:a BHOCHT MYKY P)!(illIYIO o60iiHyIO.
B TOM 1IRCne II:! npnI'OTOBne-
lIne
MYKa P)l(31IaJ1 oGotinaH, Kr
COHOA q,epMeHTMpOBaHHbIR, Kr
Conog Heq,epMe!!TlfpOBaHHbIn. Kr
COJlb,Kr
XJlc6 KBacHoH, KI'
CyxapHa5! KpoIllKa, Kr
342
343
cI>epMeHTHbIe npenapaTbI BBOnHTCH B 3aBapKY B mme cycneH3llll B
BOne IiJllI B MOn01JHOll CbillopOTKe npll TeMrrepaTYpe: 60_63° C - rmOKO-
aMHna3a O'lliII.\eHHaH, 50-55° C - AMHnOpll3HH TIlOx. TIpll llcnonb30BaHHH
rmoKOaMlilla3bI P,JUI 3aBaplffiaJiliH rvryKfI II conona Hc06xojJ,HMO n06aBlIHTb
MOlIO'lHy1O CbIBOPOTKY B3aMeH BOAbI.
TIp o n OlI )IG{TCnbHOCTb oCaXaplffiaHHH 3aBapKll COCTaBnHeT - 2-4 IJ.
Oxna)l(,1I;eHHaH no TeM1lCpaTypbI 30-32° C 3aBapKa, 3aKBaCKa, MYKa,
COlICBOM paCTBOp, BOna A03llpyroTCH B TeCTOMCClUIbHYIO MalilllHy. ,I::/,Jm-
TClIbHOCTb 3aMeca TeCTa - 8-10 MilH, 6pO)f(eHIUI - 40-90 MllH.
PaccToMKU TCCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK II Bbme1JKa xne6a npoll3BojJ,HTCH B
paccTollUO-nC'lHbIX arpcraTax TI6-XPH, TI6-XPM, XTIA-40 II Ap.
TIp o n OlI )IG{TenbHOcTb II TCMnepaTypa paCCTOllKJ:! II BbmC1JKlI xlIc6a
3aBllCHT OT MaCCbI TCCTOBOll 3arOTOBKJ:!, MapKllll KOHCTpYKwrn ne'lli.
TIo Ka1JeCTBY xne6 KBaCHOll nOlI)f(CH COOTBCTCTBOBaTb Tpc60BaHllHM
OCT 18-365-80. Bna)!(HocTb onpencmIIOT no rOCT 21094-75, KllClIOT-
HOCTb no rOCT 5670-51.
Pa3nen 6
XP AHEHME rOTOBbIX H3,UEflHH
Cnoco6bI xpaHeHIDI H peamf3au;nu xne606ynolffibIX H3p;emdt
TIp o n OlI )IG{TenbHOCTb OCTbillaHHH II BbI,D:ep)f(Kll xlIc6a nOClIC Bbme1JKH
YCTaHaBmrnalOT Ha Ka)l(,1I;OM npennplUlTHH B 3aBHCHMocrn OT YClIOBllll npo-
ll3BOnCTBa II BpeMeHlI rona, OHa COCTaBlIHCT oplleHTHpOB01JHO 24-48 1J.
TIpHrOTOBlICHHC KpOIlIKH cyxapHoll. Xnc6 nOClIC BbI,D:CP)KKH pa3pc-
3aIOT Ha xnC60pC3KC Ha nOMrn, KOTOpbIC YKJIaAbIBaIOT B KaCCCTbI wm Ha
filCTbI II nOMCII.\aIOT B CytillilIbH}'1O KaMcpy HlIll xne60ncKapHYIO ne%. TIpo-
p;OmKIfTClIbHOCTb II TCMTIeparyPY CYIlII<ll nOMTcll xne6a IIa Ka)l(,1I;OM npen-
nplUlTHH YCTaHaBnHBalOT B 3aBllCllMocrn OT KOHCTpYKwrn cyunInbHbIx
YCrpOllCTB. TIponomKilTelIbHOCTb cyrnKll opllcHrnpOBOIJHO 20 IJ npH TCM-
ncparype 100°C.
CyxapHYIO KpoIlIKY nonyqalOT npo6ncHHeM llll3MelIblJeHHCM.
TIpllrDTOBneHHc cyxoro xne6Horo KBaca. CyxapHYIO KPOIlIKY CMCllIll-
BalOT C conOnOM B COOTHOIlICHHHX, YKa3aHHbIx B Ta6n. 202. II pac<tJaCOBbIBa-
lOT B MCIlII<H lUIll naKCTbI.
YKJIa.nKa rOTOBOll npop;yKWlli nocnc BbIXOna ee ll3 nc'fiI II XpaHCHHe
H3nefilll no ornYCKa HX B ToprOBYIO CCTb JIBnHIOTCH O)J;HOll ll3 nocncjJ;HHX
CTajJ,Hll B nponeccc npoll3BonCTBa xne6a H oCYII.\CCTBnHIOTCH B xne60xpaHH-
JlHI.Uax npennpllHTHll.
Xne60XpaHHfilII.\e non)!(HO 6b1Tb cHa6)f(eHO eCTCCTBCHHbIM OCBeII.\e-
HHCM. .1J.nR nOrlIOII.\eHHH ll36b1TKa BnarH 3HMOll II ll36bITKa Tcnna lICTOM
npenYCMaTpHBaCTCH npHTO'lHO-BbITH)!(HaH BCHTll11HIUiH C TpeXKpaTIlblM
06MCHOM B03P;Yxa B Te1JCHHe 1 IJ. Xnc60xpaHllJlliII.\c non)!(HO 6bITb 'fiIC-
TbIM, B HeM Hcnb3H XpaHHTb npyrilc nponYKTbI Hfil MaTCpmlJIbI.
B xnc60xpaJlillllilllC OCYII.\CCTBJIHCTCH YIJCT BbIpa60TaHHOM nponyx-
wrn, cc COpTHpoBKa H opraHonCnTIf'lCCKaH OneHKa. TIc pen noc1)'IIncHHeM
xne606ynO'lHbIX ll3ncnllii B xne60xpaJrnJIHII.\e H ncpen ornYCKOM nponyx-
wrn B ToprOByro CCTb Ka)I(,1I;aH naprnH nO,lJ;BepraeTCH o6H3aTcnbHOMY npo-
CMOTpy 6paKcpoM HlIll JlIf.l.\OM, ynonHOMOIJCHHbIM 8AMHHHCTpaLUiCll.
EpaKCpa)f( JIBnHeTCR 06R3aTeJIbHbIM jJ,JIH BCCX xnc60ncKapHbIX npen-
nplUlrnll, BbIpa6aTbIBaI0llU1X xnc6, 6ynO'IHbIC, 6apaHOlJHbIC H npyrnc xnc6-
HbIe ll3nClIlUI.
TIpaBlUIa YKJIaJJ.KH, x paHCHHR II TpaHCITOprnpOBaHllil xnc6HblX ll3ne.
filll onpencnRIOICH rOCT 8227-56.
113neJllfR nOClIC BbrnC1JKH YKJIa,Il,bIBalOI B nepeBRHHbIe nOIKH, pa3MepbJ
KOTOpbIX onpCneneHbI rOCT 11354-82 ".HIuHKH nOII.\aTbIC 11 <tJaHCpHbIe
MHor0060poTIlbIC jJ,JIR nponOBOlIbCIBCHHbIX IOBapoB". ,nonycKacTcR TaK)!(e
YKJIa.r:u<a ll3nemm B nOTKH H3 nOJllfMCpHbIX MaIepHaJIOB.
.ll.rrR YKJI8AKH xnc6a npH KOHTellHepHoll TpaHCnoprnpoBKc B03MO)f(-
HO npllMeHeHJie MCIaJIJlIf1JeCKHX nOTKOB MaplGl A2 XMX/32.
CnenYCI HMCTb B BMY, 'ITO np}1 CJlIfIlII<OM MOIHOR YX1Ia)J;Ke H3p;cmrn
B 1IOTlGl OHH nc<tJOpMHpyroTCH.
Y <tJopMoBoro xnc6a H3 p:)I(:moll M)'Kll IIpIi C1IHIllKOM nnOTIIOll YKnap;-
KC MO)f(eT nORBHTbCH 3aKaJI H OICmlliBaHIiC BCpXHCM KOpKH. nOIKH C xnc-
60M nOMeII.\alOr Ha ncpep;BmKIIblc BarOHCrlGl, B KOIITcfuIcpbl wnl B IlIra6cJIH
no HccKonbKY 1IOrKOB (10-12) no Bblcorc Ha Cn.CIUiaJIbHbIC nO)J,!J;OHbl.
TIonyqeHHbIC IlIra6emi nepeBo3RI npH nOMOllU1 rene)f(eK lUIH :meKIponor-
PY3'illKOB.
344
345
Oco6emIO nCpCnCKTIiBCH KOHTCiiHcpHbrn MeTO)]; xpaHCHliH 11 ncpCB03-
lGI XlIc6a, KOTOpbIH npHMClUICTCH B pa3HbIX BapllaHTax Ha MHorllX XlIc60-
3aBO)];ax CTpanb!.
.D.rrH COXpaHCHIDI nOTpc611TCJIbCKOH CBC:>KCCTH 113)];Cmm 'laCTb llX yna-
KOBbrnaIOT. B Ka'IeCmC ynaKOBO'1rIOrO MaTcpmma rrpllMClUIeTCH IVleHKa
nOJIH3TUJIeHOBaH, TOJIIlUillOM 0,06-0,1 MM, nOJIH3nIJICHOBaH TepMoyca)];O'l-
HaH T01III.UlliOH 0,03-0,04 MM, 6YMara rrapa<pllmipOBaIlllaH, a TaK:>KC )];pyrne
MaTepml.iThI, pa3pCrneI!HbIe MnH3)];paBOM CCCP.
XJIc6 CJ-i.OGHbUi B ynaKoBKc 3aBCpTbIDaIOI n rrapa<pllHllIX)}3(ilIHYIO 6YMary.
BpeMH OX1IaX<J-I,eHliH XlIe6a rrepe)]; ynaKOBKoii OT 3 )];0 6 'I )];0 TeMrrcpaIypbl
oKpY:>Kawll\cii Cpe)];bI.
Xne6 <pOpMOBOH npOCTOH 113 BCCX Bll)];OB MYKll MO)!(}IO yrraKoBbIBaIb
Ha Ma.I.I:lliHC A2-X3K/2, )J;JIH YCa.n;Kll IVlCHKll llCrrOJIb3YIOI IepMOTOl!HeJIb
MapKI1 A2.X3K/3.
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YCa.n;O'ili}'IO IVlCHKY Ha Mau.rnHC A2-X3K/4, lJ)IR ycaAKll llCrrOJIb3yroT TepMO-
TOl!Hcnb MaplGl A2-X3K/3. Dp01l3BO)J;HTCJIbHOCTb npll PY'lHOfI 3arpY3Ke _
25 ynaKoBoK B MfmYTY.
.6YJIO'IKH Maccoii 0,05-0,07 Kr ynaKoBbIBaIOT Ha cnCl(llanbHbIx anTO-
MaTax 3apy6c:>KHoro np01l3BO)];CIBa HJIII Ha OIC'ICCTBCl!HbIX MallllIHax.
Dcpcno3Ka XlIe606ynO'IHbIX 113)];eJIHii OCYI1J;eCTBnHeTCH CnCl(llaJI1l3HpO-
BaHRbIM aBTOTpanCrrOpTOM.
Pa3pCrnCHHe Ha 3KcnnyaTa.u;IDO TpaHCrropTa Bbl):(aeTcn opraHaMH foc-
CaHHa,[popa. DCpcB03Ka xne6Hblx 113)];cJIuii TpaHcnopTOM, He Ome'lalOIT(HM
CTaHJ-i.aprlu,IM Tpe60BaHllHM, 3anp e ll\aeTCJI.
MaKCllMaJIbHbIe CpolGl Bbl):(ep:>KlGI XlIc606ynO'illbIX 113)];CmIii B 3Kcrre-
AIDUm XlIe60neKapHoro np01l3BonCTBa onpe)];enCHbI )];CiiCTBYIOII.\CH nopMa-
THBHO-TeXHH'lCCKOH }lOK}1I1CHraI@eH 11 npHBC)];eHbI B ra6n. 204.
CpOKli peaJI1l3awrn xne606ynO'lHbIX 113)];CJIHll YCT HOBJIeHbI rrpllKa30M
MHHropra CCCP N° 228 or 03.10.83 11 rrpllBc}leHbI B ra6JI. 205..
T a 6 n 11 H, a 205
Xnc6
CpOKlI pcamt3aUllI'
1. XJlc6 113 pXQHol! II p)I(aHO-ITillCHlI'IHOI! o60I!Hol! 11 p)l(a-
Hol! 06AlIpHOl! MYI<lI, a TaK)l(C CMCCII nlI1CIIIf'IIlol! II p)l(a-
Hol! COpTOBOI! MYI<lI
36
2. XJlc6 113 ITWCIlII'lHO-p)l(aHOl! 11 nlI1CHlI'lHol! 060l!Hol!
MYKlI, xJlc6 II XJlc606yJlo'II{bIC 1I3)J;CJllIH Maccol! 60Jlcc
200 r 113 COpTOBol! nillcHlI'lHol!, pmaHol! ccHHoi! MYK!I
24
3. MCJlKOlI1TY'lHbIC 1I3ACJIlrn Maccoi! 200 I' II MCHcc
(BKJlI01IaH 6y6nmm)
D.al!HbIe CpOKll YCIaHOBnCHbI C Y'lcroM CKOpoCTH '1epCIBClillH pa3nli'l-
HblX Bll}lOB 113)];enuiL CpOKH xpaHeIlliH 113)];e1lliii Ha xne60neKapHbIX npe)];-
npllHTlHlX llC'illCJUIIOICH C MOMeHra BbIXO)];a xne6a 113 nC'ill }l0 MOMCHra
ero }locraBKH nOJIY'IareJIIO. YnaKOBaHHbIC XlIe606yno'lHbIe H3)];eJIHJI coxpa:
HHIOr CBe:>KCCIb B re'leIDIe 72 'I. CpOKH Bbl):(CP)l(!(ll ynaKOBaHHbIX 113)];enllll
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16
Ta6J1I1I.\a 204
Xne6
MIIKCHMBnhHO nonyCTHMble
CpOKlI Dh1)J;Cp)lQ(Jf HD
npc)J;nplliITHIf, 11
1. Xnc6 H3 p)l(aHoil 060iIHoil, nIIICHWlHOil 060iIHoil, p)l(a-
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2. Xnc606YJlo'IHl,Je 1I3)1CPllJI BCCOM 60Jlce 200 I' 113 COpTO-
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Hoilll pxmHoil COpTOBOfi MYKII
3. MCJlKOIllTyqIille 1I311eJIlIJI BCCOM 200 I' II MCRce (BKJIIO-
'JaR 6y6J1lIKlI)
14
10
6
j46
347
P a 3 11. e J'] 7. METPOJIOn1lffiCKOE OEECnEllEHHE IIP0I13BOJJ.CTBA
XTIEEA 11 XTIEEOEyn01lH1IX 113JJ.EnHA
npOOOIl:JlCCHUe Ta611. 206
CTaAllH TeXHO-
norH'leCI<oro HaHMeHOBIlHHe npeneJIbI HHTepBanbI Knacc TO'IHOCTH,
npOIJ;eCca, cpen CTB nOI<a38HHH B3BelI1HBa- nCHa neneHHJI,
Tpe6YIOIIJ;HX H3MepeHHH no lI1Kane HWI norpeIllHOCTb
I<OHTpOJUI
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llponecc rrpoH3B011.CTBa XJ1e6a 11.on)l(eH 6bITb MeTponorHQeCKH o6ecne-
qeH Ha Bcex ero CTa)J.l1HX.
JJ.fm BbIIlonHelDUI MeTp0J10rHqeCKOrO o6eCneqeHJUI (MO) Heo6xo)J.l1MO
AIDI Ka)f()J.Oro BblpaooTbmaeMoro copra XJ1e6a HJlH XJ1e606ynOqHbIX H3nerrHM
pa3pa60TaTb cxervry noro o6ecneQeHHH.
IlpHMep COnaBJ1eHHJI MeI'p0J10rH'IeCKOro o6eCneqeHHH npoH3Bo11. CTBa
npHBe11.eH B TaM. 206.
3. Onpc,lJ;CJlCHlIC BCCbI na60paTop-
KlICJlOTHOCTlI no- HbIC 0611(cro Ha3-
nyq,a6pllKaToB II Ha'lCHIUI no rOCT
rOTOBon npop;yK- 24104-88-
IJ,lIlI
4. On pel1CJlCHlIC
nnOTHOCTH paCT-
BOpOB
ApCOMCTpbI 06-
ll(cro Ha3Ha'lCHHJI
no rOCT 18481-
81 THIla:
A
AM
AMT
T a 6 JI H U a 206
MeTpOnOrK'IeCKOC 06ecnC'IeHIIC npoH3Bo)JcTBa XJlc6a
H xne606y no'lHbIX H3)JeJIHH
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(JJJlH 1I3MCpCHIUI
KOHueHTp. 3TlIJlO-
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paCTBopOB II nynbII
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npOIJ;ecca, CpenCD nOK!l31lHHH B3BeIllHBa- IJ;eHa neneHWI,
TPe6YlOIIJ;Hx H3MepeHHH no mKane HIDI norpelllHOCTb
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0-100 Kr 10-100 Kr UCHa P;cJlCHlIH OCHOB-
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0-200 Kr 20-250 Kr UCHa p;CneHlIH OCHOB-
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348
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norpclI1HOCTh :I: 1 %
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0,1%
500- j1Hana30H OCHOBHa5J norpCIII-
3000 Kr/M B 1I3MCpcnllit HOCTh 10-100 Kr/MB
50-500
800-
1200 Kr/MB
norpelI1HOCTh :1:1,5%
349
flpooo/VICeIJue Ta611. 206
flpoi)O/VICeHUe ra6/l. 206
CTa;:uIH TeXlIO-
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npou ecca , cpc.c:CTB nOl<a3aHlIH B3BeIIIHB3- ll.eH8 neneHH.H a
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rOCT 9736-68 B
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0-150
0-200
0-300
0-600
0-600
100- 350° C
100-300° C
301-350°C
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0-90% :I: 3%
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50-150 1,5
0-150 1,0
0-200 1,0
0-300 1,0
0-600 1,5
0-6000 1,5
100-350 C I.\CHa AeJleHlIH 5 u C
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351
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69000
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79
12. OnpegcJlcHne MeTaJIJl1I1IeCKaJ1
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pOB 427-75,lI1TaHreH-
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rpapyl!pOBKa 20, 21,
22,23,24
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C pa3pbIBOM B u;eHTpe IDIH 6nH)j(e K BepXHeH KopKe; BKYC XJIe6a cnaAKO-
BaTbIii, KopKa HHTeHCHBHO OKpaJ.I.IeHa.
MYKa C rroHH)j(eHHoii: aKTlIBHOCTbID cl>epMeHTOB nonyqaeTcH H3 3epHa,
BbIcYIlIeHHoro rrpH BbIcoKOii: TeMrrepaType. fOTOBbIe H3AenHJI H3 TaKoii: MYKH
HMeIDT rrOHM)j{eHHbIii: 06neM, 6ne)J;H}'ID KOPKY, yrmoTHeHHbIii MJIKHIlI
C TonCTOCTeHHbIMH rropaMH.
CTerreHb CIIH)j(eHHH Ka'IeCTBa Kneii:KoBHHbI OT rrpHMecH 3epHa, rroBpe)j{-
AeHHoro KnOrrOM-'lepenallIKOH, MO)j(eT 6bITb YCTaHoBneHa TaK)j(e C nOMOIl{bID
crreU;HanbHoii MeToAHKH, H3no)j(eHHoH B "TexHo-XHMHllecKoM KOHTpone
XJIe60rreKapHoro rrpOH3BoACTBa", H3A. "TIHIl{eBaH npOMbIIlIneHHocTb ",
1975 r. H "CrrpaBO'lHHKe )J.JIH pa60THMKOB na6opaTOpHii xne60rreKapHbIx
rrpeArrpHHTHii", H3A. "TIHIl{eBaR rrpoMbIumeHHOCTb ", 1978 r.
Xne60neKapHbIe CBol!cTBa lIllIeHHllHoH MYKII B uenOM MorYT 6bITb YCTa-
HOBneHbI no npo6HoH na6opaTopHoH BbIlIe'lKe, rrpOBo}J,I1Moii: no fOCT
27669--88. TIpH 3TOM B cnyqae nonY'IeHMH H3 MYKH BbICIlIero H nepBoro
COpTOB 06'beMHOrO BbIXOAa XJIe6a MeHee 400 MJI/IOO r H II copTa MeHee
350 MJI/I00 r, a cl>opMoycTonllHBocTH MeHee 0,40 H 0,35 COOTBeTCTBCHHO,
M}'Ka OIJ;eHHBaeTCH KaK C nOHH)j{eHHbIMH XJIe60neKapHbIMH cBoiicTBaMH.
OTKnOl-IeHl1H B Ka'IeCTBe p)j{aHoii H lIllIeHl1'lHOii MYKH, rrpoHCXOAHIl{He,
rnaBHbIM o6pa30M, B pe3ynuaTe rrpopacTaHHH 3epHa, YCTaHaBnHBaIOTCH rro
aBTOnHTlI'IeCKOn npo6e (fOCT 27495-87) IDIH 3KcnpecC-BbIlIe'lKoii:; )J.JIH
p)j{aHoii MYKH MO)j{HO TaK)j{e Hcrronb30BaTb 3KcnpeccHbIii: MeTOA onpeAene-
HHH 3Toro rrOKa3aTenH 6e3 npHMeHeHHH npeIJ;H3HOHHoro pecl>paKToMeTpa,
comaCHO HHCTpYKIJ;HlI no BHI1l1XTI.
416
14 3aK. 1110
417
T a 6 JI II U a 225
CTeHHon, HeCKonbKO ynY'IllIaeTCH U;BeT MHKHlIIa. OJJ;HOBpeMeHHO CneJJ;yeT
npHMeHHTb npHeMbI, HanpaBneHHbIe Ha HHTeHcH4>HKan;HID npou;ecca MonOlIHO-
Klfcnoro H crrnpToBoro 6pO)j(eHHH JJ;mI non}"lemUl 60nee pa3pbIXJIeHHOrO
MHKI1lIIa H nOBbIlIIeHHH 06'beMa xne6a 3a C'leT HaKormeHHH 60nblIIero KonH-
'IeCTBa npo.n;yKTOB 6pO)j(eHHH H YCIDIeHWI npou;ecca "C03peBamm" 6enKa
KneHKoBHHbI nOJJ; JJ;eHCTBHeM :nHX npOJJ;YKTOB. PeKOMeH,IJ;yeTcH TalOKe
npHMeHHTb yn}"lIilllTeJIH Ka'leCTBa XJIe6a.
,IJ,nH ynY'lllIeHHH Ha6yxaHHH KJIenKOBHHbI cneJJ;yeT HeCKOJIbKO H3MeHHTh
peu;emypy npHrOTOBJIeHHH onapbI:
npH onapHbIX cnoc06ax y-BeJIH'illTb JJ;03HPOBKY MYKH B onapy JJ;O 55-
70% H nOBbICHTb ee Bna)j(HOCTb JJ;O 50-55%;
npH npn:rOTOBJIemrn: TeCTa Ha )j(J{JJ;KHX onapax no B03MO)j(HOCTH YBenH-
'illTb KOJlli'leCTBO MYKH B onapy JJ;O 35-40% OT 06Il.{en ee MaCCbI;
YBenH'lJITb npoJJ;on)j(HTeJIbHOCTb 3aMeIlII1BaHHH onapbI 1'1 TeCTa Ha IDITb
MHH)'T H 60nblIIe Ha ManrnHax nepHO,!UI'IeCKOrO JJ;eHCTBlUI;
YBenH'illTb npOJJ;on)j(J{TenbHOCTb 6pO)j(eHHH onapbI, WIH 'lero rOTOBHTb
ee C 60nee HH3Kon TeI\mepaTypon 25-26°C, He JJ;orryCKaH nepe6pIDKliBaHHH
onapbI H TeCTa.
I1HTeHcH4>HKan;HH KlfcnOT006pa30BaHWI MO)j(eT 6bITb JJ;OCTIITH)'Ta nyreM
BBeJJ;eHHH B onapy cneJIon onapbI, TeCTa B KOJIH'leCTBe (5:1:1)% K 06Il.{eH
Macce MYKH B TeCTe, a TaK)j(e npHMeHemieM )j(HJJ;KHX JJ;po)j()j(en. 3aKBacKH
HCnOJIb3}'lOT KOHu;eHTpHpOBaHHbIe MOJIO'lHOKlfCJIbIe (KMK3) IDIH Me30-
4>liJIbHbIe.
,il,JIH HHTeHcH4>HKarurn: npou;ecca CIllipToBoro 6po)j(eHWI cneJJ;yeT y-BeJill-
'illTb KOJlli'leCTBO npecCOBaHHbIx JJ;po)j()j(en Ha 50% OT 06Il.{en HOpMbI IDIH
npOBO,!UITh IiX npeJJ;BapHTenbH}'lO aKTHBan;mo. IIpH BbIpa60TKe xJIe6a Ha )j(JI:JJ;-
KHX JJ;po)!()j(ax (l1HCTPYKU;WI npHroToBneHIDI )j(HJJ;KlfX JJ;po)!()j(en Ha 3aKBa-
lIIeHHbIX 3aBapKax) MO)j(HO 'laCTb HX (20-30% OT 06Il.{ero KOJIli'leCTBa)
JJ;06aBnHTh B TeCTO. CneJJ;YCT TaK)j(C nOBbIlIIaTh aKTImHOCTb )KH,!J;KliX JJ;PO)!()j(CH
nYTeM ocaxapliBaHHH 3aBapOK HC4>CpMCHTHpOBaHHbIM (6eJIbIM) COJIOJJ;OM,
4>epMCHTHbIM npcnapaTOM (<1>II) AMIDIopH3liH IIlOx, rJIIDKOaMHna30n O'ill-
Il.{Clllion. l1HTCHCH4>HKan;HH cnHpTOBOi'O 6pO)j(CHWI JJ;OCTlITaCTCH TaK)j(C HC-
nOnb30BaHHCM <1>II Ha pa3nH'lHbIX CTa,u;HHX npHrOTOBnCHWI TCCTa.
B Ka'lCCTBC ynY'lIIlliTcncn pCKOMCH,IJ;yCTCH npHMClmTb MOroI4>HU;HPOBBH-
HbIn, OKHCJICHHbIH p;nH XJIc60nC'ICHHH, KpaXMaJI (M,I{K) M:lpKH B: no-
BCpXHOCTHo-aKTliBHbIC BCIl.{CCTBa (IIAB), yn}"IlllliTCJIH KOMrmCKCHbIC XJIe6o-
neKapHbIe YKX-2 COBMeCTHO C M.II.K, YKX-4. IIpHMeHCHHe <1>II H ynY'IlIIHTe-
nen M.II.K, IIAB BeJJ;eTCH B COOTBel'CTBHH C TCXHOnOI1f'leCKliMH HHCTPYKWiH-
MH H peKOMeH,IJ;aWiHMH no HX npHMeHeHliID.
IIpH HaJIH'illH JJ;Byx TaKIiX JJ;c4>eKToB, KaK KOpOTKOPBYIl.{aHCH KJIenKO-
BHHa H nOBbIlIICllliOC COJJ;Cp)j(aHHC BOJJ;opaCTBOpHMbIX BeIl.{CCTB B MYKe,
JJ;o6aBKa conoga, 4>epMeHTHbIX npenapaToB IDIH 3aBapOK B onapy IDIH TeCTO
He peKOMCH,IJ;yCTCH.
OpIlCHTIlPOBO'lHbIC HOpMbI COAep)l(aHlIH BOAoPacTBOpllMbIX BC ecTB,
OIIpC,lJ;enHCMbIX no 3BTOJIllTH'IecKOii npo6c
COPT MYKII
KOnH'IeCTBO Bop;opaCTBOpHMhIX Be eCTB,
% Ha cyxoe BC CCTBO, He Gonee
p)l(aHaH:
060fiHaH
0611HpHaH, ceHHaH,
p>KaHO-mnCHII'IHaH
nillCHII<£HaH:
155
50
BbICIIillfi, I, II
060fiHaH
C CQACp)l(aHlleM
KJlCllKOBlIHbI IIO
rOCT 26574-85
30
C nOHlI)I(CHHbIM
COACp>KaHllCM
KJlefiKOBHHbI
20
50
3. nepepa60TKa IIlIICHH'lHOA MYKH
J],rUI nonY'leHHH XJIe6a yJJ;OBJIeTBOpHTenbHoro Ka'leCTBa H3 MYKH C nOHH-
)j(CHHbIMH XJIe60neKapHbIMH CBonCTBaMH pCKOMeH,IJ;YCTCH Hcnonb30BaTb
ee B ncpBYID O'iepeJJ;b B CMeCH C MYKOH HOpMaJIbHOrO Ka'leCTBa. CneJJ;yCT
liMeTb B BJi):\y, 'ITO npH Hcnonb30BaHIill B CMeCH MYKH C nOBbIlIIeHHOH aKTliB-
HOCThID 4>epMcHToB, KOJlli'leCTBO ee He MO)j(CT YCTaHaBJIliBaThCH Ha OCHOBa-
HID! paC'leTOB cpeJJ;HeB3BelIIeHHoro 3Ha'leHHH Toro HnH HHoro nOKa3aTCJIH
Ka'leCTBa MyY<H (aBTOJIHTH'leCKOn aKTJiBHOCTH, paCTH)j(HMOCTH KJIeHKOBHHbI
H JJ;p.), a JJ;on)j(HO 6bITb 3Ha'iJITeJIbHO HI1)j(e. Opou;eHT nOJJ;copTl1pOBKI1 MYKI1,
CMOJIOTOH C npHivIeCbID HeKOHJJ;JIUHOHHOro 3epHa, YCTaHaBnHBaeTCH. npOH3-
BOJJ;CTBeHlIOH JIa60paTopHeH Ha OCHOBaHlill JJ;aHHbIX aHaJIH3a 11 np06HbIX BbI-
ne'leK.
IIpl1 OTCyrCTBHH B03MO)j(HOCTH yn}"llIIeHHH Ka'leCTBa nyreM CMeIlII1BaHHH
C MYKOH, HMeIDIl.{eH yJJ;OBJIeTBOpI1TCJIbHbIe XJIe60neKapHbIe CBonCTBa, nOHB-
nHeTCH He06xo,!UIMOCTb H3MeHHTh pe)j(J{M npHrOTOBJIelIHH TeCTa, HCnOJIb30-
BaTh COOTBeTCTBYIDIl.{l1e YJIY'lIIlliTenH H JJ;pyrHe TeXHOJIOfH'IeCKHe MepOnpl1H-
TI1H, HanpaBnCHHbIe Ha 06eCne'lCHHC BbIpa60TKH xne6a, OTBe'laIDIl.{erO JJ;eHcT-
BYIDIl.{HM HopMaM Ka'leCTBa. IIpH :nOM H)'JKHO YCHllliTb KOHTponb 3a C06nID-
JJ;eHHeM YCTaHoBneHHbIX napaMeTpoB TeXHOnOfH'IeCKOrO npou;ecca, TeMne-
paTypbI, BJIIDKHOCTH, npoJJ;on)j(HTCJIbHOCTH 6pO)j(eHHH, KHcnOTHOCTll nony-
4>a6pHKaTOB, paCCTOHKI1 TeCTa H JJ;p.
3.1. MYKa C KOpoTKOpBy ciicH KJIeiiKOBIIHOii
OpH BbIpa60TKc XJIc6a H3 MYKH C KOpOTKopB}'ll\eHCH KneHKoBHHOH H
oc06eHHo nOHIDKeHHbIM cOJJ;ep)j(aHHeM peKOMeHJJ;yeTcH npHMeHHTb TeXHOJIO-
fl1'lCCKI1C npHcMbI, YBeJII1'illBaIDIl{I1e Ha6yxaHl1c 11 'laCTII'IHYID ee nCnTII3an;HID,
B pC3ynbTaTC 'IefO yn}"llliaIDTcH 4>H3H'leCKl1e CBOHCTBa TeCTa H Ka'leCTBO
XJle6a: nOBbIlliaCTCH yJJ;cnbHbIH 06'bCM, nopHCTOCTb CTaHOBHTCH 60nce TOHKO-
418
14*
419
3.2. MYKa, CMOnOTaH C IIcnonb30BaHlICM 3cpHa,
nOBpC)l(ACHHOro KJlonoM-QepcnalI1KOH
HapH C nepe'lliCJIeHHbIMH MeponpHHTHHMH peKoMeH eTcH npH Tec-
TOBeAeI-lliH Ha )KH)J;KHX onapax 3aMeUllmaTh TeCTO 6e3 3aJIHBa B Hero BO)J,bI.
PaccToHKy TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK npH nepepa60TKe MyKH co CJIa60H
KJIeHKOBHHOH He06xOAHMO COKpaIl(aTb AO B03MO)KHOrO MHHHMYMa. EcJIH
OKpaCKa KOpOK nOJI)"IaeTCH 6JIeAHOH, CJ1epyeT HeCKOJ1bKO YBeJIH'lliTb
npOAOJ1)I(HTeJ1bHOCTb BbIlIe'IKH H3AeJ1HH H AJ1H 60J1ee 6bICTporo 06pa30BaHHH
KOpKH nOBbICHTb TeMnepaTYPY neKapHOH KaMepbI Ha 20°C.
EeJ1KOBbIe BeIl(eCTBa MYKH, CMOJIOTOH C HCrrOJIb30BaHHeM 3epHa, no-
B pe)l()J;eHHOro KJIOrrOM-1IepenaIllKoH, 06bIqHO nO)J,BepralOTcH 60JIee CHJ1bHOMY
AeHcTBHlO npOTeOJIllTH'IeCKHx <pepMeHToB. B COOTBeTCTBilll C 3THM, He06xo-
AMMO COKpaIl(aTb rrpO)];OJ1)I(HTeJIbHOCTb 6pO)KeHlliI TeCTa H npHMeHHTb npHe-
MbI, cnoc06CTBYlOIl\He TOpMO)KeHHlO <pepMeHTaTHBHbIX npou;eCCOB.
.IJ,nH COKpaIlleHlIH npOAOJ1)I(HTeJ1bHOCTH 6pO)KeHHH TeCTa MO)KHO YMeHb-
IllaTh 3arpY3KY arperaTOB, TeCTOBbIX 6YHKepOB llJIH COKpaIl(aTb KOJIHqeCTBO
Ae)K HAp. .IJ,nlITeJIbHOCTb npou;ecca paccToiiKlI 06bI1IHO cOKpaIl.\aeTcH.
IIpOAOlI)l(HTeJ1bHOCTb 6pO)KeHlliI onap, 3aKBaCOK H ApyrHX n0J1y<pa6-
pHKaToB, Ha KOTOpbIX rOTOBliTCH TeCTO, YMeHbIllaTb He. CJIeAyeT, TaK KaK
B HHX AOJI)l(HO HaKaIUIHBaTbCH AOCTaTOqHOe KOJ1M'IeCTBO npO KTOB 6p0)Ke-
HlIH, 06YCJ10BJIHBalOIl\HX npou;ecc "C03peBaHHH" TeCTa, H, B qaCTHOCTH, KHC-
JIOT. IIpH nepepa60TKe MYKH H3 3epHa, nOBpe)K)];emfOrO KJ10rrOM-1IeperraUTI<OH,
nOBbIIlleHHaH KHClIOTHOCTb nOJIy<pa6pHKaTOB 6y)];eT cnoc06CTBOBaTb CHH)Ke-
HlilO aKTHBHOCTH <pepMeHTOB B rrpou;ecce 6pO)KeHHH TeCTa H BbIlIeqKH.
C u;eJIblO TOpMO)KeHHH aKTHBHOCTH <pepMeHTOB, CJIe eT:
nOBbIIllaTb KOHe'lliYIO KlICJ10THOCTb onap Ha ] -2 rpa)];, a TaK)Ke Haqarrb-
HYlO KHCJ10THOCTb TeCTa - Ha 1-2 rpa,rJ;, COKpaIl.\aH npO)];OlI)KlITeJ1bHOCTb
ero 6p0)KeHlIH. IIoBbIIlleHHe KlICJ10THOCTli onapbI 1I TeCTa )];OCTHraeTCH )];06aB-
JIeHHeM M0J10qHOKHCJ10H 3aKBacKlI, CneJIOH orrapbI llJIH TeCTa (pa3AeJI 3.1);
CHlI)KaTb TeMlIepaTYPY nOJIy<pa6PHKaTOB, cTpeMHcb BeCTH 6pO)KeHlIe
°
lIX npli TeMnepaType He BbIIlle 27-28 C;
YMeHbIllaTb BJIa)I(HOCTb onapbI Ha 2-3%, TeCTa - Ha ] % npoTliB YCTaHOB-
lIeHI-IOH HOpMbI;
npHMeHHTb 6poMaT KaJIllH (KBr03) 1IJ11I aCKop6HHOByro KlICJ1OTY;
nplIMeHHTb M,!],K MapKH "A" HJllI MapKH "B";
yJIyqIlllITeJ1lI KOMnneKCHbIe xrre60neKapHbIe YKX-2, YKX-4 B COqeTa-
HHlI C 6poMaToM KaJIliH HJlH aCKop6HHoBoH KHCJ10TOH, llJIli nOJIOBHHHOH
A030H M,!],K;
lICnOJIb30BaTb M0J10qHYlO CbIBOPOTKY B COOTBeTCTBHll C TeXHOJIOrlIqe-
CKliMli peKOMeH,D,aI.(HHMH no ee npliMeHemno npH BbIpa60TKe xrre6a H 6YJIoq-
HbIX 1I3AeJIHH H3 P)KaHOH 1I nIlleHHqHOH MYKH;
AlIH YKpennemIH KJ1eHKOBHHbI peKOMeH,D,yeTcH A03HpoBaHHe 1IaCTli
COJIll B onapy. Pacxo)]; COlIlI, BHOCHMOH B onapy, COCTaBlIHeT npHMepHo
]5-20% OT 06Il(ero ee KOJIHqeCTBa;
npHMeHHTb AJIH npHrOTOBJIeHHH )KlI)];KlIX Ap0)K)KeH HaH60JIee aKTHBHbIe
IllTaMMbI - "MOcKoBcKaH-23", rH6pH)J,bI 5]2,5,69;
peKoMeH.I.\YeTcH YBemi'IHBaTb A031IPOBKY Ap0)K)KeH Ha 50% IIpOTHB
KOm1qeCTBa, YCTaHOBJ1eHHOrO peu;enTypoH. IIpH YBeJIllqemill KOJlHqeCrna
npeccoBaHHbIx HJ1H cYIlleHbIx AP0)K)KeH CJIeAyeT HMeTb B BHAY HX KaqeCTBO,
TaK KaK HeCBe)I(He Ap0)K)I(H MorYT crroc06CTBOBaTb AarrbHeiiIlleMY paccJ1a6-
JIeHlIlO KJIeHKOBHHbI.
3.3. MYKa C nOBbIlI1CHHbIM cO,o;CP)l(aHHCM BOAopacTBOpHMbIX Bc ecTB
(no aBTOJIIITBQecKoH npo6c rocr 27495-87)
B MYKe, CMOJIOTOH C HCrrOJIb30BaHHeM npopocIllero 3epHa, aKTHBHOCTb
aMHJ10JIHTllqeCKHX H npOTeOJIHTHqeCKHX <pepMeHToB nOBbIlliaercH, qTO
MO)KeT oTpHlIaTeJ1bHO CKa3aTbCH Ha <pH3M'IeCKHX CBOHCTBax MHKHIlla, 06'be-
Me xJ1e6a Hero <popMe. OAHOBpeMeHHO TaKaH MYKa MO)Ker HMeTb nOBbIIlleH-
HYlO aKTllBHOCTb nOJIH<peHOJIOKCHAa3bI, B pe3YJIbTaTe qero 1I3 MYKH HOp-
MaJIbHOH no U;BeTy xrre6 nOJIyqaeTCH C TeMHbIM MHKHIlleM (M}'Ka HMeeT
nOBbIIlleHHYIO cnoc06HOCTb K rrOTeMHeHlIlO).
IIpH nepepa60TKe MYKH C nOBbIllleHHOH aBTOJ1HTH'IeCKOH aKTHBHOCTbIO
peKOMeH,D,yeTcH npHMeHHTb TeXHOJIOrnqeCKHe nplieMbI, CHll)KaIOIl\He aKTHB-
HOCTh aMHJIOJIlITHqeCKHX H npOTeOJIHTH'IeCKHX <pepMeHTOB, a TaK)Ke cno-
C06CTBYlOIl(lIe YKperrJ1eHHlO KJ1eHKOBHHbI, YJIyqrnemlIO <pH'!.HqeCKHX CBOHCTB
MHKlIIlla xrre6a Hero lIBeTa.
.IJ,nH nOHH)KeHHH aKTHBHOCTH <pepMeHTOB CJ1eAyeT:
nOBbIIllaTb KHCJ10THOCTb onap Ha 2-3 rpa,rJ;, HaqarrbHYlO KHCJIOTHOCTb
TeCTa Ha 1-2 rpa,rJ;. IIoBbIIlleHlle KHCJ10THOCTH onapbI )];OCTHraeTCH A06aBJIe-
HHeM B Hee CneJIOH orrapbI, TeCTa B KOJ1H'IeCTBe OKOJIO 15% OT MaCCbI MYKH,
HAYIl(eH Ha npHroTOBJIeHHe TeCTa (pa3AeJI 3.1), MOJIO'II-lOH CbIBOpOTI<H;
°
BeCTli 6pO)KeHHe orrapbI H TeCTa npH TeMnepaType 26-27 C, YMeHb-
IllaH BJIa)KHOCTb orrapbI Ha 2-3%, TeCTa - Ha 1 % npoTHB YCTaHOBJIeHHbIX
HOpM;
rOTOBHTb TeCTO no YCKopeHHOH TeXH0J10rHlI C npHMeHeHHeM KMK3.
IIpH 3TOM KMK3 u;eJ1eC006pa3HO IIpHMeHHTb C KHCJIOTHOCTblO 13-15 rpa,rJ;.
.IJ,nH H3)];eJ1HH H3 MYKH BbIClllero H nepBoro COpTOB C caxapoM II )l(HpOM
A03a 3aKBaCKH COCTaBJIHeT - 5-7,5 Kr, a AJIH H3AeJIliH 6e3 caxapa, )l(Hpa
H Apyroro AOnOJ1HHTeJ1bHOrO CbIpbH - OKOJIO 10 Kr Ha 100 Kr MYKH. Haqarrb-
HaH KHCJ10THOCTb TeCTa AOJ1)KHa 6bITb 2,5-3 rpa,rJ;, HaqarrbHaH TeMnepaTypa -
29-30°C. B u;eJ1HX YMeHbIlleHHH BpeMeHll 6pO)KeHllH TeCTa A03a Ap0)f()!(eH
AOJI)KHa 6bITb yBeJIHqeHa npOTHB HOpM, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIX B peu;enrype
)];02,5%, a TaK)Ke YCllJIeHa MeXaHWleCKaH 06pa60TKa TeCTa.
,!],J1H YJIY'IIlleHHH <pH3H1IeCKHX CBOHCTB TecTa H xrre6a u;eJIeC006pa3HO:
)];03HpOBaTb qaCTb COJIH B onapy. PaCXOA COJIll npH ::ITOM COCTaBJIHeT
npHMepHo 15-20% or 06Il(ero ee KOJIHqeCrna;
yBeJ1H'IHTb A03HPOBKY npeccoBaHHbIx HJIH )KH)J;KHX AP0)f()!(eH AO 50%
npoTHB KOJIM'IecTBa, YCTaHOBJIeHHOrO peu;errTypoH;
420
421
IIpHMeHHTb ynY'IllIHTenH: MO)];H HnHpOBaHHbIH KpaxMaJ1 - MapKH "A"
ATIH MYKH C KneHKoBHHOH paCTH)f(!1MOCTblO 13 CM H 60nee; MapKH "B" -
ATIH MYKH C KneHKoBHHoH paCTH:>KHMOCTblO MeHee 13 CM; yn}"II.!lliTenb
KOMlDIeKCHbIH xne60lIeKapHbIH YKX-2 HnH YKX4 B C01leTamIH C IIOnOBHH-
HOH )];030H MO)];H Hl.UfpOBaHHOrO KpaXMaJ1a MapKH "A" HIIH "B";
IIO B03MO)!(HOCTH IIOBbIIlIaTh TeMlIepaTYPY B ne'lli B HaqaJ1bHOH 30He
Ha 15-20°C, CHH)!(M ee B KOHu:e BbIlIeqKH H HeCKonbKO YBenH'lliBan ee
IIpO)];On)f(!1TenbHocTb.
YnY'IlIlHTenH B COqeTaHHH C YKa3aHHbIMl1 TeXHOnOrHqeCKHMl1 IIpHeMaMH
)];aIOT B03MO)!(HOCTb IIepepa6aTbIBaTb nIIleHllqHyro COpTOByro M}'KY C aBTOnH-
1WIecKoH aKTHBHOCTbIO )];0 45-50% npH cO)];ep)!(aHlIH KJIeHKOBHHbI He Me-
Hee 25%.
4.2. MYKa C nOHH)I(CHHOH q,cpMCHTaTllBHOH aKTHBHOCThIO
(cMonOTa5I H3 3CpHa, BbIC}'I.LICHHoro IIpIl BbICOKOH TCMnCp a 1YPc)
4. nepepa60TKa p)!(aHoA MYKH
):(nH IIOBbIllIeHHH aKTHBHOCTH epMeHToB H YBenJilIeHllH HHTeHCHBHOCTI1
6pO)!(eHHH cnepyeT npH HaJ1H'lHH Ha IIpe)];IIpHHTHH MYKH HOpMaJ1bHOrO KaqeCT-
Ba rOTOBHTh Ha HeH 3aKBacKY. MYKY C IIOHH)!(eHHOH epMeHTanlBHoH aKTHB-
HOCTbIO - Hcnonb30BaTb Ha 3aMec TeCTa. TIpH HaJ1Ii'IHH MYKH, CMonOTOE
H3 IIpOpOCIlIero 3epHa, u:enecoo6pa3HO CMeIlIHBaTb ee C M}'KOH, HMelOIl\eii
nOHH)!(eHHYIO epMeHTaTHBHYIO aKTHBHOCTb; 3aBapHBaTb qaCTb MYKH 5-7%;
}J:06aBnHTb B 3aKBacKY 6enbIH Cono)]; HnH epMeHTHbIH IIpelIapaT AMl1JIopH-
3HH TI10x. (TexHoJIorHqecKaH HHCTpYKI.(HH lID IIpHMeHeHHIO ynY'IllIHTeJIei!
npH IIpOH3BO)];C1Be xJIe6a H xJIe606YJIOqHbIX H3)];enHH H3 IllIIeHHqHOH M}"
KH" - IIpHJIO)!(eHHe 5); )];06aBnHTb B TeCTO )];PO)!()!(H )f(!1)];KHe B KonWIeCTBf
10-15%. TIpO)];OJI)f(!1TeJIbHOCTb paccToHKH H BbIlIeqKH MO)!(eT 6bITb YBe.
nHqeHa.
4.1. MYKa, CMOJIOTIUI1I3 p)l(l! C IIpHMecbIO IIpOpoClI1IIX 3cpeH
*
*
*
MYKa, CMOJIOTaH H3 p)f(!1 C IIpHMeCblO npopocurnx 3epeH, HMeeT nOBbI-
IIIeHHYIO aBTOnHTHqecKyro aKTHBHOCTb. KOJIli'leCTBO BO)];OpaCTBopHMbIX
BeIl\eC1B B HeH IIO aBTOID!THqeCKOH np06e (fOCT 27495-87) BbIllie opHeH-
THPOBOqHbIX HOpM (pa3)];en 2).
JJ.nH IIOHH)!(eHHH aKTHBHOCTH «l>epMeHToB cnepyeT:
nOBbIIlIaTb KHCJIOTHOCTb 3aKBaCOK Ha 2-3 rpa,IJ; IIYTeM }'BeJIHqeHHH
)];03bI npe)];bI)];YIl\eH 3aKBaCKH HIIH IIpO)];OJI)f(!1TenbHOcTH HX 6pO)!(eHHH;
YMeHbIlIHTb BJIIDKHOCTb 3aKBaCOK Ha 2-3%;
nOBbIIlIaTb HaqanbHyro KHCJIOTHOCTb TeCTa Ha 1-1,5 rpa,IJ;; 3a CqeT }'BenH-
qeHHH KOnHqeCTBa 3aKBaCKH HJIll npHMeHeHHH MOnO'lHOH CbIBOpOTKH;
YMeHblliaTb BJIa)!(HOCTb TeCTa Ha 1 %.
TIpH Be)];eHHH TeXHOJIOrli'IeCKOrO npou:ecca npO)];On)f(!1TeJIbHOCTb 6po)!(e-
HHH TeCTa Cne)];yeT COKpaIl!aTb. ,lJ,rrHTeJIbHOCTb paCCTOHKH TaK)!(e )];On)!(Ha
6bITb YMeHbIIIeHa BO H36e)!(aHHe nOJI)"IeHHH nJIOCKOH KOpKH H pa3pbIBa
MHKHIIIa.
ECID! IIpHBe)];eHHbIe peKOMeH}J:aI.(HH He 06eClIe'lliBaIOT BbIpa60TKH xne6a
Y)];OBJIeTBOpHTenbHoro KaqeCTBa H Ha npe)];IIpHHTHH HeT MYKH )];nH nO)];COpTH-
pOBKH, Cne)];yeT nepexoAHTh Ha BbIpa60TKY p)!(aHO-nIIIeHH'llioro xne6a.
ECJIH B pe3YJIbTaTe npHMeHeHHH YKa3aHHbIX B HHCTpYKI.(HH peKOMeH}J:a-
wm He BbIHBJIeHa B03MO)!(HOCTb IIOJI)"IeHHH IIO}J:OBbIX H3)];emrn Y)];OBlIeTBO.
pHTeJIbHOrO KaqeCTBa, Cne)];yeT IIepeXOi:J;HTb Ha BbIpa60TKY OpMOBbIX COpTOB
xne6a, Oi:J;HHaKOBbIX HIIH 6JIH3KHX no peu:enType K COOTBeTCTBYIOIl\HM
COpT aM.
422
423
IlPHflO)f(EHHE 5
EpOMar KaJIJUI H aCKop6HHOBaH KHcnora P;OJDKHbI rrocTyrraTb Ha rrpoH3-
BOP;CTBO B pacTBopax, KoropbIe rOTOBHT B na60paTopHH H3 pac1IeTa 06ecrre-
lIeHHH CYTOlIHOH BbIpa60TKH IllIIeHH1IHoro xne6a H3 COpTOBOH MyKH.
PacTBop 6poMaTa KanHH B Bop;e peKoMeHA)'IOT rOTOBHTb B COOTHOlliemIH
1 :25, aCKop6HHOBOH KHCnOThI - 1: 10. TeMrrepaTypa BOJ];bI p;on)l(Ha 6bITb
He MeHee 20°C:!:2°C, 1J)IH YCKopeHHH HX pacrnopeIDiH MO)KHO HCIIonb30BaTh
BOA)' C TeMrrepaTYPOH p;o 50°C.
TIpHrOTOBneHHbIe pacTBopbI 6poMaTa KaJIHH HJIH aCKop6miOBoH KHcno-
ThI BbIAaIOT HaqaJIbI-IHKY CMeHbI IDIH 6pHra,IJ;l1PY.
3TH pacTBopbI cnep;yeT p;ep)KaTb B rrocyp;e H3 MaTepHaJIa, YCTOHIIHBoro
K KOpp03HH.
TIpHrOTOBJIeHHble ynY'illIlfTenH BHOCHT B orrapy HnH rrpH 3aMece TeCTa.
fIpH rrop;aqe pacTBopa B onapy rrpH HerrpepbffiHblx MeTop;ax TeCTOBep;eHHH
ero ueneC006pa3HO p;aBaTb B qaH 1J)IH p;p0)K)KeBOrO MOJIOKa HJII1 BOP;HOH
cycrreH3HH rrpeCCOBaHHbIX p;p0)K)KeH, 113 KOToporo OCYIl\eCTBJIHeTCH' rrOnaqa
HX Ha rrp0I13BOnCTBO. Ecnl1 yJI)"IIIIHrenb BHOCHT rrpH 3aMece TeCTa, ero yp;06-
HO naBaTb BMeCTe C pacTBopoM COJIll.
TIpH rropUHoHHOM rrpmOTOBneHHH TeCTa paCTBOp YJI)"IIIIHTenH MO)KeT
BnllBaTbCH MepHHKOM B p;e)!()'.
TIapaMeTpbI TeXHOnOrv.qeCKOrO rrpouecca rrpHrOTOBJIeHJUI orrapbI H TeCTa
rrpH BHeceIDIH YJI)"IIIIHTeneH OCTaIOTCH 6e3 H3MeHeHHH, IIpop;omKHTenbHOCTb
paCCTOHKH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK MO)KeT HeCKOJIbKO YBenH'llIBarbCH.
EpOMaT K8JUUl BHOCHT B KOnHlIeCTBe 0,001-0,003% K Macce MYKH
(1-3 r I-Ia 100 Kr MYKH) B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ee KaqeCTBa (cTeIIeHH pacTH-
)KHMOCTH KnellKoBHHbI).
TIpH paCTH)f(HMOCTH KJIeHKOBHHbI OT 13 p;o 20 CM peKoMeHA)'eMaH
P;03HpoBKa 6poMaTa KaJIHH - 0,001% K Macce MYKH, rrpH paCrH)KHMOCTH
60nee 20 CM P;03HpoBKa - 0,002-0,003% K Macce MYKH.
BBHP;Y Toro, 'ITO rrpH H36bITO'IHOM KOJIll'IeCTBe 6poMaTa KaJIHH yxyp;-
IIIaeTCH Ka'IeCTBO TeCTa (Py6UbI H 6yrpbI Ha KopKe, yruIOTHeHHe MHKHIIIa),
He06xop;HMO TO'IHO c06nlOp;aTb ero P;03HPOBKY.
ACKOp6HHOByro KHCITOry BHOCHT B KOnU'IeCTBe 0,005 -0,01 % K Macce
M}'KH (5-10 r Ha 100 Kr MYKH) B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ee Ka'IecTBa (cTerreHH
paCTH)f(HMOCTH KneHKoBHHbI).
TIpH paCTH)KHMOCTH KneHKoBHHbI OT 13-20 CM peKoMeH,lJ,yeMaH P;03H-
pOBKa aCKop6HHOBOH KHCnOThI - 0,005% K Macce MYKH, rrpH paCTH>KHMO-
CTH - 60JIee 20 CM - 0,01 % K Macce MYKH.
CneA)'eT HMeTb B BHA)', 'ITO rrpH rrpHMeHeHHH B Ka'IeCTBe YJIyqIillfTenH
aCKop6HHOBOH KHCJIOTbI BHTaMHHH3aI.{HH xne6a He rrpOHCXOP;HT, TaK KaK
OHa rrpH BbIIle'IKe rrO'ITH rrOJIHOCTblO pa3pYlliaeTCH.
TEXHOJIOrH'lECKAH HHCTPYKIJ;1UI no nPHMEHEHHIO YJIY'llUHTEJIER
nPH nrOH3BOACfBE XJ1EEA H XJIEEOEYJIO'IHblX H3AEJIHR
H3 nlUEHH'lHoR MYKH
1. BBeAeHHe
Xne603aBop;bI IIOJIY'IaIOT MyKY C Heop;HopOAHbIMll xne60rreKapHbIMH
CBoHCTBaMll. lIacTb rrocTyrraIOIl\eH M}'KH CMonOTa C Hcrronb30BaHHeM B rro-
MOJIbHbIX CMeCHX HeKOH,lJ,Hll.HOHHOro 3epHa, 'ITO Bep;eT K CHH)KeHHIO B TOH
HJIH HHOH CTerreHH ee xne60rreKapHblx CBOHCTB. B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3TIiM
rrepep; rrpep;rrpJUlTHHMH CTOHT 3a,rJ;a'Ia perYJIHpOBaHHH TeXHOJIOrH'IeCKoro
npouec ca IIpH rrepepa60TKe MYKH pa3nH'lHOrO Ka'IeCrna.
TIpuMeHeHHe ynY'IllIHTeneH HBJIHeTCH 3 eKTllBI-IbIM cpep;cTBoM perYJIH-
pOBaHHH Xona TeXHonorH'IeCKoro rrpouecca, rronyqeHHH TeCTa C 3an aH HbIMH
C.BOHCTBaMll, yn)"IIIIeHHH Ka'IeCTBa xne6a H rrpOj])leHHH cpoKa COXpaHeHHH
ero CBe)KeCTH.
2. YJI}"DlIHTeITH OKHCJIHTeITbHOrO p;eHcTBHH
(Kamrn 6poMHoBaTOKHCITbIH - KBr 0 3 - 6pOMaT KaJIHH,
fOCT 4457-74; aCKop6HHoBaH KHCITOTa - fCl>X
CTaThH 6 «l>apMaKoneH)
TIpJlMeHeHHe 6poMaTa KaJIHH HnH aCKop6HHOBOH KHcnOTbI rrOBblIIIaeT
ra30yn e p)f(HBaIOll\YIO cnOC06HOCTb TeCTa, B pe3ynbTaTe 'Iero B03paCTaeT
06'beM xne6a, yJIY'lIIIaeTCH 3JIaCTH'lHOCTb H CTpYKrypa rropHcTOCTH MHKHIIIa.
TIpH BHeceHHH 3THX ynY'lllIllTeneH CHIDKaeTCH pacnnbIBaeMOCTb nOnOBbIX
H3p;enHH, 'ITO n03BOJIHeT, rrpJl nepepa60TKe MYKH nOHH)KeHHOrO Ka1leCTBa,
nOBbICHTb BJIIDKHOCTb xne6a B npep;eJIax, YCTaHoBneHHbIx cTaH)J,apTOM, H,
TeM CaMbIM, 06eCrre'lHTb COOTBeTCTBYIOIl\I1H BbIXOA xne6a.
YJIY'lllIllTenH OKHCJII1TeJIbHOrO p;eHCTBHH HBnHIOTCH CIDIbHoneHCTBYIOIl\H-
Mll Bell\eCTBaMll' n03TOMY OHH npHMeHHIOTcH B O'IeHb He60JIbIIIHX p;03ax.
B CBH3H C 3THM He06xOAHM Tll\aTenbHbIH nop;60p KOnH'IeCTBa yJIyqIillfTeJIH
OKHCJIllTenbHOro neHCTBHH B 3aBHcHMoCTH OT Ka1leCTBa M}'KH, B OCHOBHOM,
OT paCTH)f(HMOCTH KneHKoBHHbI HJIH rrOKa3aTeJIH I1J],K-I. YKa3aHHbIe n06aB-
KH yny'IllJaIOT H3HlIeCKHe CBOHcrna TeCTa, HX peKoMeHAyeTcH rrpHMeHHTb
p;nH MYKH C H3JIllIillle paCTH)f(HMOH KJIeHKOBHHOH H cpeWiero Ka'IeCTBa.
J],nH MYKH C KOpOTKOpBYllIeHcH KneHKoBHHOH rrpHMeHeHHe ynY'lIIIHTeneH
OKHCJIllTenbHOro p;eHcTBHH Heueneco06pa3HO.
425
424
3. YnyqwuTeJIH BOCCTaHOBHTeJIbHOrO neikrBlliI
(mocynLc»aT HaTpllil - Na2 S2 0 3 - rHnOCYJILc»HT, rOCT 244-76)
THocynbc»aT HaTpHH BHOCHT B onapy BMeCTe C npm!OKaMH IUlH npm!OKe-
BbIM MonOKOM, 6poMaT KaJIHH - B TeCTO C paCTBopOM conH.
TeXHOIIOrHqeCKHH pe)I(HM npHrOTOBnemm onapbI Ii TeCTa, a TaK)!(e
paCCTOHKH TeCTOBbJX 3arOTOBOK npH npHMeHemiH YIIY'IlIlHTeIIeH BOCCTa-
HOBHTeIIbHoro neHCTBHH IUlH nBYX ynY'IlIlHTeIIeH C CHHeprnqeCKlIM 3clJclJeK-
TOM (THOCYIIbclJara HaTpHH H 6pOMaTa KaJIHH) OCTaeTCH 6e3 H3MeHeHHH.
DJrH H3MeHemiH peOnOrHqeCKHX CBOHCTB TeCTa H3 MYKH mneHH'IHOH
COpTOBOH C H3IIHIIIHe KpenKOH IDlH KOpOTKopBYIl\eHCH KneHKOBHHOH MorYT
6bITh npHMeHeHbI ynY'llillfTenH BOCCTaHOBHTeIIbHoro neHCTBlliI, KOTopbIe
HeCKOIIbKO paccIIa6nHIOT KneHKOBHHY. KaqeCTBO xIIe6a npH 3TOM ynyq.
lIIaeTCH: YBeIIH'illBaeTCH 06'beMHbIH BbIXOn, MHKHIII CTaHOBHTCH 60nee 3na-
CTHqHbIM, 60IIee pa3pbDUIeHHbIM. Ha nOBepXHOCTH H3nenHH CrIIa)!(HBaJOTCH
TpelIIHHbI H nOnpbIBbI, xapaKTepHbIe )J,JIH xIIe6a H3 TaKOH MYKlI.
K 1IHCIIY ynY'llillfTeneH BOCCTaHOBHTeIIbHoro neHCTBHH OTHOCHTCH THO-
CYIIbclJaT HaTplliI.
THOCYIIbclJaT HaTpHR BHOCHT B KOIIHqeCTBe 0,001-0,002% K Macce MYKH
B 3aBHCHMocm OT cnoco6a Bbme'lKH xIIe6a (nOnOBbIH, clJOpMOBOH).
ECIIH MyKa C MaJlOpaCTH)!(HMOH KIIeHKoBHHOH OnHOBpeMeHHo HMeeT
nOBbIlIIeHHYIO aBTOIIHTH'lecKyro aKTHBHoCTb, peKoMeHn)'IOT OnHOBpeMeHHo
npHMeHHTb THOcYIIbcpaT HaTpHH H 6poMaT KaJIHH.
4. MOnuc»H pOBaHHLIH KpaxMarJ "KpaxMarJ, OKHcneHHblH
)J,JUI XJIe50neQeHHR" - TY 10-04-08-61-87
MOnuclJHIJ;HPOBaHHbIH KpaxMaJI (M.IJ:K) HBnHeTCH 3clJclJeKTHBHbiM YIIyq-
nnneIIeM KaqeCTBa XIIe6a. Ero nOIIyqalOT nyreM OKHCIIeHHH KYKYPY3Horo
KpaXMaJIa pa3IIHqHblMH peareHTarvrn: - 6poMaToM KaJIHH (MapKa A), rHnox-
nopHnOM KaJIbqmI (MapKa B).
MOnHcplfIJ;HpoBaHHblH KpaxMaJI cIIenyeT Hcnonb30BaTb npH BblpaGoTKe
XIIe6a H XIIe606YIIOqHbIX H3neIIHH H3 mueHH'IHOH MYKH, a TaIOKe npH Bblpa-
GOTKe CYlIIeK, 6apaHOK, 6y6IIHKOB.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KaqeCTBa MYKH npHMeHHIOT MOnuc»IIIJ;HpOBaHHbIH
KpaxMaJI pa3HbiX MapoK A, B (Ta6II. 226).
PeKOMeHAYeMbIe ,o;03bl YJIY'IlIlIITe.JIeH (no Maccc)
Ta6nllua 226
.D;03l1pOBKa, % K M8cce MYKH
PeKOMeHAYeMbIe P;03bI M,lJ;K (no Macce) *
XapaKTCpllCTlIKa nrnCHH'lHOH MYKH
no paCT1I>KlIMOCTH KJ'ICHKOBlIHbI, CM
THOCYJIbolJaTa 6poMaTa KaJI1I1I
HaTpHH
nogo- olJOPMo- nogo- olJOPMO-
BbrH BOH Bbm BOH
0,001 0,002
0,001 0,002 0,003 0,002
XapaKrepllCTlIKa nrnCHH'lHOH MYKH
no paeT1I)I(lIMOCTH KJIeHKOBlIHbI, CM
.D;03HpoBKa YJIY'IIlIHTCJUJ.
% K Macce MYKH
MapKa M.D;K
A
,
B
OT 10 )10 13
To )l(C, II IIOBbIIIICHHaJ1 aBTOnllTlI'leCKaH
aKTHBHOCTb
MYKa copToBa1l
THocynbclJaT HaTpHH XOpOIIIO paCTBopHM B BOne. DJrH o6ecneqeHl:IJ1
TO'lliOH n03HpOBKH ynY'llillfTenH pacTBop ero rOTOBHT 1lli3KOH KOHIJ;eHTpa-
rum B COOTHOlIIellliH 1 :20 B na6opaTopHH 3aBOna H3 paCqeTa o6ecneqeHHH
pa60TbI npennpHHTHH B Teqelllie 1 CYT. XpaIDIT pacTBOp B 3aKpbITOM KpblIII-
KOH cocyne H3 MaTepHaJIa, He nOMaJOIl\erOCH KOppe3HH.
MeHec 13
OT 13 /1,0 20
60nce 20
0,3
0,3
0,5
0,5
0,5
MYKa IIIlleHlI'IHa51 060fiHa1l
McHce 1 3
OT 13)1020
Gonce 20
0,6
0,6
1,0
1,0
1,0
* npll IIepepa60TKe M}'KII C IIOBbIIIIeHHol! aBTOJ1l1T1I1ICCKol! aKTHBHOCTbIO )103a
MD,K coxpaHHeTcH Ta )l(e.
426
427
5. nOBepXHoCTHO-aKTHBHble Bell.{eCTBa
.1l B K-3I!>HPbl TBep)J;ble npenCTaBIUllOT C060M Ta6neTKH OT CBeTJIO-Kopil'I-
HeBoro no KOpl1'IHeBOrO l\BeTa, 3anax CJla6bU1:, CBoMcTBemIbIM YKCYCHOM
KHCJlOTe.
ITpHMeHeHHe .1lBK-3I!>HPOB B KOJlHQeCTBe 0,3-0,5% K Macce MYKH YJI}"I-
rnaeT I!>H3H4ecKHe CBOMCTBa TeCTa, YBenH'il1BaeT 06"beM xrre6a, ynY'-IIllaeT
CTpYKTYPY nopncTocTH MHKHrna Ii cnoc06cTByeT 3Ha1lnTenbHOMY ero OCBeT-
JleHnlO. CpOK COXpaHeIDIH CBe)l(eCTn xrre6a ynmIHHeTcH Ha 4-6 'I.
.1lBK-3l!>npbl peKoMeHnYIOT npnMeHHTb npeHM}'Il\ecTBeHHo npn npnro-
TOBneHnn xne6a, B pel\enTYPY KOToporo He BXO)J;HT caxap n )!(lip. B03MO)l(HO
TaK)I(e npHMeHeHne .1lBK-3I!>npOB npn Bblpa60TKe n3neJlHM, B pel\elITYPY
KOTOpblX BXOnlIT caxap no 5% H )l(Hp He 60Jlee 8% K Macce MYKH.
.IT.BK-3I!>npbl peKoMeH,I:\YIOT nCnOJlb30BaTb npn nepepa60TKe M}'KH
co CJIa60M, cpeMeM H KOpoTKopByweMcH KJIeMKOBlffioM B n03npoBKax
B 3aBHcnMocrn OT Ka4eCTBa MYKn (cTenellli paCTH)l(JiMOCTH KJleMKOBnHbl).
ITpn paCTH)I(HMOCTn KJleMKOBlIHb1 MeHee 20 CM peKOMeH,I:\yeMaH n03H-
pOBKa .1lBK-3I!>npOB - 0,3-0,5% K Macce MYKH, npn paCTH)I(l!MOCTn KneM-
KOBnHbl 60Jlee 20 CM - 0,5% K Macce MYKn.
Ha xrre60neKapHbIx npennpHHTnHx .1lBK-3l!>npbl TBepnble nCnOJlb3YlOT
B BHne )J,Mcncpcllli, KOTOpylO MO)l(HO rOTOBnTb Ha C6nBaJIbHblX ManrnHax
nJIH npn IIOMOIl\n npnHynHTenbHoM peJUlpKYJlHI.{Illi (pnc. 16).
B C6nBaJIbHYlO ManrnHY eMKOCTblO 200-300 n nOnalOT H3 n03HpoBO'IHO-
ro 6a4Ka onpCneJleHHOe KOJlH4eCTBO BO)J;b1 C TeMnepaTypoM 60:!:3°C. OnHo-
BpeMeHHo Tyna )l(e 3arpY)I(aIOT npenBaplITenbHO B3BerneHHblM YJIY'lli.IHTeJlb
lIBK-:>l!>lIpbl. COOTHornelllie .1lBK-3I!>HPOB H BO)J;b1 nOJI)I(HO 6blTb npHMepHo
1: 1 0 npH nOpl\HoHHOM npnrOTOBJleHIDI TeCTa nrrn 1 :20 npH HenpepblBHoM
cnoc06e TeCTOBeneHHH MH nOJl)"leHHH 60JIee TeKyrneM nHcnepcllli.
lIHcneprHpOBaJille nOJI)I(}{O npOH3Bo)J,MTbCH 3-5 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTli
OT THna CMeCHTeJIbHOrO opraHa H CKOpOCTH- BpaweHHH BaJIa C6HBaJIbHOM
ManrnHbJ. rOTOBYIO )J,McnepcHIO HaCOCOM nOnaIOT B eMKOCTb C MernaJIKOM nJIH
XpaHeHHH HHCnOJlb30BallliH 4epe3 n03HpOBO'lH)IIO crlliDJ;HIO npH 3aMece orrapbl
IDIH TeCTa. .1lrrH nOnnep)l(aJillH He06xonHMOM TeMrrepaTypbl CMeCH eMKOCTb
nOJI)I(Ha HMeTb BOnHHYIO Py6arnKY.
Ha YCTaHOBKax C npHHY)J,MTeJIbHOM pel\HpKYJlHllHeM nHcneprHpOBalllie
BenYT rrpH nOMOlI.\l1 Hacoca, npOH3BOnHwero pel\HpKYJlHl\HIO CMeCH .1lBK-
31!>HPOB H BOnbl 4epe3 3aMKHYTYIO CHCTeMY Tpy60npoBOnOB H eMKOCTH nJIH
npnrOTOBJlellliH nHcnepClill. ITocne OKOH4aHHH )J,McneprHpOBaHHH nncnepcHlo
nOnalOT B eMKOCTb nrrH xpaHeHHH, a 3aTeM, no Mepe Ha,IJ;06HOCTH,- 4epe3
n0 3 HpOBO'lH)IIO CTaHlU'IIO Ha 3aMec orrapbl wrn: TeCTa. lIHcnepCHH nOn)l(Ha
nepHOnH4eCKIi nepeMelIDIBaTbCH.
113 'llIcJla KpeMOc6HBaJIbHbIX MallIHH nJIH npennpHHTHM cpenHeM MOllLHO-
CTH (no 50 TfcYT) MO)l(eT 6bITb liCnOJIb30BaHa B36HBaJIbHaH MauIHHa MB-60
C QaCTOTOM DpaweHHH B36HBaTeJIH npH 3-x CKOpOCTHX OT 21 no 320 06fMYI.H.
ITpHMeHeHHe MOnHI!>Hl\HpOBaHHOrO KpaxMaJIa pa3HbIx MapoK nOBblrnaeT
rnnp0l!>nrrbHble CBOMCTBa MYKH H YCIDIHBaeT npOl\eCC H3MeHeHHH 6enKOB
KJleMKOBHHbl B TeCTe B Tpe6yeMoM HaJIpaBJlemill, 'ITO 06eCrre'lliBaeT ynY'-IIlle-
HHe CTPYKTYpHo-MexaIlli1lecKI1X CBOMCTB TeCTa 11 Ka4eCTBa xrre6a - 06"beM
xrre6a B03paCTaeT Ha 10-14%, YJlY'-IIllaeTCH CTpYKTypa rropHCTOCTH, MHKmu
CTaHOBHTCH 60Jlee 3J1acTH'lHbIM, Ha6nIOnaeTcH ero HeKoTopoe OCBeTJIeHHe.
ITpH nepepa60TKe MYKH C nOBbIrneHHoM aBTOJlHTH4eCKoM aKTHBHOCTbIO -
MHKHIll CTaHOBHTCH 60Jlee 3J1acTH'lHbIM H CYXHM.
XJle6, npHrOTOBJleHHblM C M.1lK, COXpaHHeT CBe)l(eCTb 60Jlce npOnOn)l(H-
TenbHoe BpeMH, 4eM 6e3 n06aBKlI.
CyuIKH H 6apaHKH nOJl)"laIOTCH 60Jlee PYMHHbIMYI., YJlY'illlaeTCH HX xpyn-
KOCTb H HaMOKaeMOCTb.
M.1lK BBO)J;HT B BHne BOMOM cycncH3HH IDIH 3aBapKH, MapKa "A"
TOJlbKO B onapy, MapKa "B" - B onapy HIIH B TeCTO.
CycneH3HIO rOTOBHT B ne)l(e TeCTOMeCIDIbHOM ManrnHbl HIIH B npyroM
eMKOCTH, HMeIOIl\eM MernaJIKY. COOTHornelllie KpaxMaJIa H BOnbI 1: 1 O.
B03MO:>KH0 rrpnroToBneHHe cycneH31lli KpaxMaJIa He C BOnOM, a C np0)l(-
)j(eBbIM MonOKOM npH TOM )l(e COOTHorneHIDI 1: 1 O. KpaxMaJI BHOCHT B 6a40K,
3anOJlHeHHbIM np0)l()I(eBbIM MOJIOKOM, MaJIbIMHnOpIlHHMYI. npH HerrpepblBHoM
nepeMenrnBaHllli. B naJIbHeMrneM BO H36e)l(aHHe Oca)K,[\ellliH KpaxMaJIa He06-
XO)J,MMO 06eCne'lllTb nOCTOHlllioe nepeMellIHBaHHe rOToBoH cycneH31lli.
npH HcnpepbffiHbIX MeTOnax TeCTOBeneHl:!H HJlli nnllHHbIX KOMMYHHKa-
JUlHX yn06Hee KpaxMaJI HCnOJlb30BaTb B 3aBapellliOM Bl1):\e.
3aBapKY rOTOBHT npH COOTHorneHIlli KpaxMaJIa H BOUbI 1 :15 - 1 :20
B 3aBap04HoH MaIllHHe X3M-300 HnH X3-2M-300.
B03MO)l(HO BDeneHHe npenBapHTeJlbHO oXna)l(neHHOH 3aBapKH B 6a40K
C np0)K)KeBbIM MOJlOKOM H COBMeCTHoe fiX n03HpoBaIDIe.
MOnnl!>HIJ;HpoBaHHbrn KpaxMaJI MO)l(HO BBO)J,MTb IIpH 3aBapHBaHIlli MYKH
B IIpol\ecce rrpnroToBnellliH IIInaTeJlbHOM CMeCH nrrH )I(I1,[\KfiX np0)l()I(eM
B p83Mepe YCTaHoBneHlIoH n03HpOBKH KpaXMaJIa KO BeeM Macce M}'KH,
HnyWeH Ha BbIpa60TKY xrre6a.
.1l06aBJleHHe M.1lK YCKopHeT npol\ecc C03peBaJillH onapbI n TeCTa, B CBH-
3H C 3T.HM npOnOJI)!(IiTenbHOCTb 6pO)l(eHHH onapbI H TeCTa MO)l(eT 6bITb He-
CKonbKO COKpaIl\eHa, a npOnOJl)l(HTeJIbHOCTb paCCTOHKH TeCTOBbIX 3arOTO-
BOK - HeCKOJlbKO YBeJIH4eHa.
5.1. 3q,lIpbI - MOHOrnlll.{cpllAOB H AlI eTllJIBIIHHOH KlIcnOTbI
(JJ;BK-3q,Hpbl TBepAbIe) TY 18-2/65-85
OnIDIM H3 31!>I!>eKTHBHbIX nOBepXHocTHo-aKTHBHbIX BewecTB HBJlHeTCH
31!>HP MOHOrnHl\epI1):\OB C )J,M8l(eTHnBIffiHOH KHcnoToH (lIBK-3I!>HPbI).
428
429
YJI}"IlllliTeJIeM KOMIUJeKCHbIM XJIe60neKapHbIM (0,002%) K Macce MYKH.
D,rrH MYKH C MaJIOpaCTH:>KHMOif KJIeifKOBHHOii (MeHee 13 CM) YJIY'illIlUeJIb
"BomKCKHif-2" CJIegyeT BHOCHTb B g03HpoBKe 1,5-2,5% K Macce MYKH.
TIpH BbIpa60TKe H3neIIHif, B penenTYPY KOTOpbIX BXO)J;HT caxap H )I<Hp,
npH n06romemlli "BomKcKoro-2" peKoMeHnyeTcH CID[)KaTb HX KOIIHlIeCTBO
Ha n03Y, BHeceHHyro C XJIe60neKapHbIM YIIY'illillTeIIeM.
Ha Ka)J()J,bIif KHIIorpaMM YIIY'IlIlHTeIIH YMeHblIIaIOT KOillllIeCTBO caxapa
Ha 0,33 Kr, :>KHnKOrO >KHpa - Ha 0,29 Kr HIIM MaprapHHa - Ha 0,35 Kr.
YII}"IlllliTeIIb "BOII>KCKHif-2" cIIenyeT BHOCHTb B onapy WIll TeCTO B BHne
BOnHOif cycneH3HH, KOTOpyro rOTOBHT B CnelUia.JThHOif eMKocrn C MelIIan-
Koif. COOTHOlIIeHHe YIIY'IlIlHTeIIH H BOAbI 1:3 HIlH 1:4 npH reMneparype
BOAbl (421:3) ° C.
"BOII>KCKHif-2" MO>KHO BHOCllTb BMeCTe C )f(H,lJ;KHM >KHpOM HIIH pa30rpe-
ThIM MaprapHHoM npH BbIpa60TKe H3geIDIif, rge OHH npegycMoTpeHbI penen-
Typoif. D,rrH 3Toro YII}"illIHTeIIb H >Kn:nKHif :>KHp HIIH pa30rpeTbIif M-aprapHH
TIl.\aTeIIbHO nepeMeIillIBaIOT B npoH3BogcTBeHHoM 'IaRe.
,D,03HpOBaHHe BOgHOif cycneH3ID1 IUIH CMeCH YIIY'illillTeIIH C >KHpOM
npOH3BO)J;HT 1Iepe3 n03HpYIOIl.\ee YCTpoifcTBO, npHMeHHeMoe Ha npennpHH-
THH. D,rrH npHroToBIIeHHH, xpaHemiH H g03HpoBaHHH cycneH3ID1 u;eIIcco06-
pa3Ho CMOHTHpoBaTb YCTaHoBKY H3 THnOBoro 06opygoBaHHH.
CxeMa YCTaROBKH H3 THnOBoro o60pynoBaRl1H npHBeneHa Ha pHC. 16.
,lJ,rIJi YCTaHoBoK C npHHY)J,HTeJIbHOif pelUipKYIIHlUieif MO>KHO HcnOIIb30-
Barb eMKOCTb C MelIIaJIKOif, HacOC u;eHTp06e>KHbIif MapKH K8/18 HIlH K/20/30
C MOTOpOM MOIl.\HOCThIO 1,5-4 KBT (cOOTBeTCTBeHHo) 11 CKOpOCTbIO BpaIl.\e-
HHH 2900 06/MHH.
,lJ,HcnepcHIO MO>KHO rOTOBHTb TaK>Ke Ha yCTaROBKe C nl,lJ,po)J,HHaMH'Ie-
CKHM BH6paTopoM MapKH M,3C-395. TIpoH3BOgHTeJIbHOCTb YCTaROBKH
85 II/'I.
D,rrH XpaRCHHH rOToBoif )J,HcnepcIDI CJIegyeT HcnOJIb30BaTb eMKOCTb
C py6alIIKoif H MelIIaJIKoif.
Tpy60npoBoAbI MorYT 6bITb CTaJIbHbIe, H3 nOJIH3UmeHa J1)UI IlliIl.\eBbIX
u;eJIeif HJm H3 opraRH'IeCKOrO CTeKJIa AHaMeTpOM OT 33 go 60 MM (fOCT
3262-75) C HaKIIOHOM He MeHee 45°C.
06'beM 'laRa P.JUI rOToBoif )J,HcnepcIDI (B II) pacC'lliThIBaIOT HCXO)J.H H3
o6mero pacxoga YJIyqurnTeJIH 3a CMeH)' H IUJOTHOCTH )J,HcnepCIDI no CJIenyIO-
lIJ;eif <popM)'IIe:
v= A-,J:W+K)'X
p
rne' A. - pacxon MyKH 3a CYTKH (CMeHY), Kr;
,D, - n03HpOBKa ,D,BK-3<p H pOB, Kr/Kr MYKH;
P _ IUJOTHOCTb BOnHOii nHcrrepcIDI ,IJ,BK- 3 <p H pOB B Kr/II;
X - K03<p<pHIJ;HeHT HcnOIIb30BaRHH 06'beMa eMKOCTH: 1,2-1,3;
K - KOIIH'IeCTBO lIacTeif BOAbI, pacxonyeMoif rrpH npHI'OTOBJICHIDI BOg.
Hoif cycrreH3HH Ha onH)' lIacTb YIIy'illillTeIDI (10 HIlH 20).
IInOTHOCTb nHcrrepcIDI ,D,BK-3<pHpOB orrpegemnoT nYTeM B3BeIillIBaHHJJ
1 II MacCbI Ha Becax nma BHU H npymx C u;eHoif neIIeIDiH 0,005 Kr.
fOTOBaH )J,HcnepCHH nOJI>KHa HMeTb BHA CMeTaR006pa3HoH MacCbI
CpOK xpaHeHHH B npoH3BOnCTBeHHbIx YCIIOBHHX He 60JIee CYTOK.
,D,BK-3<p H pbI MO>KHO BHOCHTb B orrapy HIlH TeCTO. TIpH 3TOM nponOJI
:>KHTeJIbHOCTb 6pO>KeHHH onapbI HIIH TeCTa MO>KeT 6bITb HeCKOJIbKO COKp!llI1e-
Ha, a rrpOnOII:>KHreJIbHOCTb paccToifKH HeCKOIIbKO }'BeIIH'IeHa.
3
I
s:z. YnyqIIIHTeJTh Ha OCHOBe nOBepXHOCTHO-3KTHBHbIX BelIJ;ecm
"Bo1DKcKHit-2" (TY 18-2/55-84)
I
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06pa3HYIO MacCY, OT CBemoro no HHTeHCHBHO KpeMoBoro IJ;BeTa co cIIa6bIM
3arraXOM YKCYCHpii: KHCJIOThI.
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u3nemrn, YJIY'IlIIaeT crpYKryPY rropHcToCTH MHKIDlIa Ii cnoco6cTByeT ynTIH-
HeHHIO cpoKa cOXpaHeHIDI cBejj(ecm XJIe6a Ha 3-411.
YII}"IlillITeJIb "BOII>KCKHii-2" peKoMeH,IJ;YIOT npHMeHJlTb B n 03 HpoBKe
1-2,5% K Macce MYKH.
TIpu nepepa60TKe MYIOI cpenHero KalIeCTBa (paCTJI:>KHMOCTb KneHKo-
BUHbI 60nee 13 CM) YIIyqurnreIIb 60IIee 3<p<peKnmeH npu BHeceHHH ero B KO-
mt:lIeCTBe 1,0% COBMeCTHO C 6poMaToM 'KaJIHH (0,00025-0,0005%) IUlH
430
4
PHc. 16. ArrnapaTYPHaH cxeMa IIpllrOTOBJ1CHIDI, XpaIlCHIIH II TpaIlCnOprnpOBaHlIH
cy ClICH3l1l1 ynY'IlI1lITeJlH "Bon)l(cKlIfi -2"
1, 4 - 1IaH p;p0)lOi(eBOH P3-XQ.n; C MClI1am<:OH 11 BOLIJIHOH py6aIlIKOH; 2 - 6a'IOK
BOAoconcnOWOTOBHTCJIbHbIH 1II2-X.D:11; 3 - Hacoc WCCTCpCH'laTbrH XHn-300;
5 - p;o3aTop )!(1Ip;K1IX KOMnOHCHTOB 1II2-X.n;2-E; 6- TCCTOMCCWIbHaJI MaIlIlIHa
1II2-XT2-11; 7 - p;o3aTop CbmY'lIlX KOMIIOHCHTOB 1II2-X.n;2-A
431
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'JaHbI P3-Xll..o: H APyrHc H3 HCP)l(aBCIO!l{CH CTa.rm C MCrnaJiKOHH BOnHHOH PY-
6aulKoiL
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paTYPY cycnCH31111, xpaHH!l{CHCH B qaHC.
CycncH3HH B qaHaX AOn)l(Ha nCpI10TJ;HqCCKH ncpCMCrnlffiaThCH MCrnaJiKOH
C qaCTOToi't Bpa!l{CHHH 45-60 06/MHH.
.IJ,nH OTMcpHBaHlIH BO.QbI H pcrYJll1poBaHHH CC TCMncpaTypbI npH npHro-
TOBJICnW1 cycnCH31111 YJlY'IU.II1TCJlH cncAycT npl1MCHHTb BOAOMCpHo-cMccn-
TcnbHbIH 6aqOK l1J2-XJ],11.
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OT MO!l{HOCTH npCnrrpliHTIiH MO)l(HO Hcrronb30BaTb rnCCTCpClfllaTbIC HaCOCbI;
HarrpHMCp, MapKH HPM-2 HAp.
CycrrcH3HIO nOnaIOT rro Tpy6orrpoBony CTanbHOMY mm 113 nOJlH3TI1nCHa
J1JlH rrl1!l{CBbIX l\CJlCll, a TaK)I(C 113 OpraHHqCCKOrO crCKna. ,IJ,I1aMcTp Tpy6o-
npoBoAoB 25-50 MM, faCT 3262-75.
Ilpl1MCHCHHC XJIC60rrCKapHoro ynY'-IlllI1TCJ1H "Bon)l(CKHH-2" YCKOPHCT
rrpOl\CCC Ha6yxaHHH 11 rrCnTI13an:HH 6cnKOB KnCIIKOBHHbI, rr03TOMY rrpoAon-
)1<UTcnLHOCTb 6pO)l(CIDIH onapbI n TCCTa cnCJ:(YCT COKpa!l{arb: onapbI - Ha
30-40 MHH, TCCTa - npH nnllTCJIbHOM cro 6pO)l(CHID:! - Ha 20-30 MHH,
npOAOJDKHTCnblIocTL pacCToHKn TCCTOBbIX 3arorOBOK MO)l(Cr 6bITb YBcnHqCHa
(Ha 3-5 MI1H).
YnY'IIllI1TCnb "Bon)l(cKHH-2" n3 6apa6aHoB C nOMO!l{bIO CnCl\HaJiblIbIX
COBKOB 3arpY)I(3IOT B 'urn, CHa6)1(CHlIbIH MCrnaJiKOH H BOJJ;HHOH Py6aun<:OH.
Ilpn BblrpY3Kc "llOJI)I(CKOro-2" 113 6apa6aHa cnCAYCT co6nIOJ:(aTb MCpbI
npCAOCTOpO)l(HOCTH. KaTCrOpHqCCKH 3arrpC!l{aCTCH nOJ:(aBaTb yn Y'lUllI TCJIb
B qaH pYKaMI1. B qaH rroCTynacT TaK)I(C BOAa H3 BOnOMCpHO-CMCCHTcnbHoro
6a1lKa.
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HaCOCOM nOAaIOT B np0I13BOACTBCHP.bIH qaH, npCAHa3HaqCHHbIH J1JlH npHCMa
H xpaHeHlliI A03bI cycnCH3ID:! ynY'llIIHTcnH Ha 1 CMCHY. llaHbI TJ;OJI)I(HbI 6bITb
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llpOH3BOACTBCHlIbIH qaH, cHa6)1(CHHbIH McrnanKoH H BOJJ;HHOH py6arnKoH,
CJICAYCT YCTaH:iBnlffiarb Ha,IJ, A03HpOBO'IHOH annaparypoH AillI nOAa'llf cycncH-
31m: caMOTCKOM.
113 np0l13BOACTBCHH01'O 'IaHa cycncH3lIH nocTyrracT caMOTCKOM no Tpy6o-
npoBoAaM qCPC3 A0311POBOqHYIO arrnaparypy Ha 3aMCC Tccra.
BMCcTHMocrb '!aHOB V, npcWla3HaQCHlIbIX ,DJIH nOJIY'IcIDIH H xpaHCHI1H
CYCTIi"H3HH (JI) paCCqHTbIBaIOT ncxoAH 113 o6!l{ero pacxoAa ynY'llIIllTeJIH 3a
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A-,II, (1 +K)'X
V=
1'J:(c A - pacxoA MYKlf 3a CYTKH (cMeHY), K1';
J], - A03EpoBKa ynY'llIIHTCJIH "BOJI)I(CKI1H-2 ", K1'/K1' MYKU;
K - KOJIll'leCTBO 'JacreH BOAbI, pacxoAyeMoH rrpH npHI'oToBneHllli BOJ:(-
HOH cycneH31ill Ha 1 qaCrb YJIY'-IlllHTCmI (3 HJIll 4) ;
X - K03 <pllUlIeHT Hcnonb30BaHliH 06'beMa eMKOCTH 1,2 -1,3;
p - IU10THOCTb cycncH3Hn YJIY'lIlillTcnH "Bon)l(cKHH-2" (onpCTJ;CJIHCTCH
nyTCM B3BCllilillaHllH 1 n MaCCbI Ha Bccax TI1na BHU H APY-
1'nx C l\CHOH J:(CJICHHH 0,005 Kr).
6. tl>cpMeHTHhIC npenapaTbI
V = 7300-0,02 (1+4) -1,3 = 1050 n_
0,9
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B TCCTC H HaKanJIllBaCTCH HCKOTOpOC KOnHqCCTBO nCKCTpHHOE, cnoco6CTBYIO-
IWIX coxpaHcHHIO CBC)I(CCTH XJIe6a. fIpoTCOJIHTl1qCCKI1C CpMCHTbI cnoco6-
CTBYIOT o6pa30BaHHIO HH3KOMOJICKYJIHpHblX a30THCTbIX BC!l{CCrB Hcnonb-
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6pO)l(CHHH nOJIy<pa6PHKaToB.
AMIDIopn3HH ntox (OCT 64037-87) HBnHCTCH CpMCHTHbIM npcna-
paToM (<!JIl) , BbIAcnHCMbIM H3 rrnccHcBoro I'p1I6a Asp. oryzac.
3 cKrHBHo I1CrrOJIb30BaHHC AMIulOpn3HHa IlIOx B3aMCH 6cnoro COJIO-
Aa npE rrpHI'OTOBJIeHHI1 )I(HAKH..X npO)l()I(CH_
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Ha 3aKBamCHHblX 3aBapKax no PC)I(HMY, ycraHoBJlCHHOMY Ha AaHHOM rrpcA-
npHHTlill. 3aBapKY cpa3Y )I(C rrocnc npHI'OTOBJICHlliI OXJIa)l(naIOT AO TCMrrcpa-
TypbI 52:1:2°C, noCJlC qcro B HCC J:(06aBJIHIOT pacTBop cDfI n3 pacqCTa 0,04-
0,05% cDIl K Maccc MY KIf B 3aBapKC.
IloCJIC ocaxapHBaHllH B 3aBapKY J:(06aBnHIOT cncnyro 3aKBaIllcHHYIO 3a-
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cc TpaHcnopTHpoBaHHc rro KOMMYHHKan:HHM_
npllMCp paC'lCTa oG'bCMa 'laIla:
PacxoJ:( MYKH B CYTKH, T:
A-100 10'100
M =-= - 7,3T,
C Bx 136
1'J:(c A - CYTOqHaH BbIpa60TKa H3nCJIHH 10 T;
Bx - BbIXOn xnc6a - 136%.
IlpH n03npOBKC ynY'llIDlTcnH "BOJI)I(CKI1H-2" 2 ,0% K Maccc MYKI1, K-4
H IUJOrHOCTn BOAHOH cycrrcH3HH YJIY'filIHTenH 0,9 K1'/JI. 06'beM qaHa V, n,
6YACT paBCH:
B 3aBHCnMOCTI1 OT MO!l{HOCTH rrpCnnpllilTI1H AM rrpl1rOTOBnCHl1H H xpaHC-
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432
433
15 3aK. 1116
3aKBaiiniBaHHe 3aBapKll IIpll TeMlIepaTYpC 50:t2°C npOp;Orr)!(aCTCH P;O
HaKOITJIeHllH He05xop;HMOH KHCrrOTHOCTll. ITPWIeM, 3aKBaIlllfBaHJ1C 3aBapKH
C p;05aBrrCHlleM <DII I1)J,CT 5bICTpee, qeM C COrrOp;OM, 5rrarOp;apH JIyqIlIeMY
05eCIICqCHlllO KHcnOTo05pa3YIOIlUiX 6aKTcplrii caxapaMll H HH3KOMonCKY-
nHpHblMll a30THCTbIMll'BeIl\CCTBaMH. BapMY C 3THM P;P0:>K)!(H, p;nH IIHTaHHH
KOTOpblX HCIIonb3YCTCH TaKaH 3aBapKa, 5bICTpO pa3MHmKaIDTCH, ynyq:rnaCTCH
IiX 5pOP;HJIbHaH aKTllBHOCTb, B CBH3H C qeM p;03a )!(MP;KHX P;PO)!()!(CH MO:>KCT
5bITb YMCHbIlICHa Ha 15-20%.
ITpH HcnOnb30BaHIDI C1>IT :>K11p;KHe p;pmK)I(ll MO)f(HO nonHOCTblO rOTOBHTb
H3 IllIleHH'IHOH MYKH II COpTa 5e3 IIpHMCHCHIDI p:>KaHOH 05P;HpHOH MYKH.
ITpH Bblpa50TKe p:>KaHbIX 3aBapHblx COpTOB XJIc5a 50% p:>KaHoro cono)J;a
KpacHoro, a TaK)!(C IIPH Bblpa50TKc COpTOB H3 p:>KaHOH ceHHOH M)'KH IUIH
CMeCH ee C IIIIIeHllqHOH 50% 5cJIoro COJIop;a, IIpep;ycMoTpeHHoro peu:cmypoH,
MO)l(l-[O 3aMCHHTb C1>IT AMHnopH3HH IT10x H3 pacqcTa 3a 1 Kr COJIop;a-
0,003 Kr AMHJIOpH3HHa IT10x C p;05aJmeHllcM 1 Kr MYKH, COOTBeTCTBYIOIl\C-
ro copTa.
TaG n H l\ a 227
ByxKOMnOHCHTHoe COQCTaHIIC YJlY1l1I111TCJICH
N° BapmUlTa
I 2 I 3 I 4
B I' Ha 100 KI' MYKII
1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0
0,5
2,5
150
250
HalIMeHOBaHlIe YJ1Y1/IllIITeneH
cIJepMcHTHbIfi npclIapaT AMlIJlOp1l311H nl0x
HJllI f lOx MIl f20x
EpOMaT KaJIlIJ!
ACKOpGlIHOBaH KlICJlOTa
MOl1l1q,Hl\lIpOBaHHbIfi KpaXMaJI:
MapKlI A
MapKlI B
7. KOMlDIeKCHoe npHMeHeHHe YJIY'lIIIHTeneH
ITpH HCIIonb30Bamm TPCXKOMIIOHCHTHblX COqeTaHllH YJI}"llllHTCJIeH p;o-
rrOJIHHIenbHO K OP;HOM)' H3 BbIIlIerrpHBep;eHHblx COCTaBOB (CM. Ta5n. 227) p;o-
5aBJIHCTCH cepHOKHCJIaH (l r) HJJH OC OpHOKHCnaH (50 r) com aMMOHIDI.
ITpH rrepepa50TKe MYKH C KncHKoBHHOH paCTH)!(MMOCTbIO HH:>Ke 13 CM
u:enec005pa3HO Hcrronb30BaTb CMeCb epMcHTHoro IIpClIapaTa H MOIJ;H HU:H-
pOBaHHoro KpaXMana MapKH "B" B YKa3aHHblx COOTHOIlICHHHX.
KOMIUICKCHOC IIpHMCHCHMe YJIyq:rnMTCJICH 3 CKTHBHO H u;encco05-
pa3Ho rrpH Bblpa50TKc IlIHpoKoro accopTHMeHTa xrrc5a H XJIe605ynOqHblX
H3AcrrHH H3 rrllieHHqHOH COpTOBOR MYKH.
YrrY1IlliHTcnH crrCP;YCT rrpHMcHHTb B rrpep;BapHTenbHo rrop;rOTOBJIeHHOM
BH)J;C.
Yrr}"IIlIHTcnb rOTOBHT B KOJIH'lCCTBC, 05ecrre'IHBaIDIl\eM rroTpc5HOCTb
B HCM B TCqeHHe CMeHbl - CYTOK, )J;JIH qcro na50paTopHH rOTOBHT paeTBOp.
TIpH KOMIUICKCHOM HCIIonb30BaHIDI }:!.BYX YJIY'llllHTeJICH (BapHaHT 1
IDlH 2) rOTOBHT BHaqane BOP;HbIH pacTBop 5poMaTa KanHH HnH aCKop5mw-
BOH KHCnOTbI IIPH COOTHOllieIDIH rrpHMcpHO 1 :10 H TCMrrepaTYpc BOP;bl
45:!:5°C.
ITpH HCIIonb30BaHHH MOP;lI HU:HpOBaHHOrO KpaxMana (BapHaHT 3 HJIH 4)
cro ny'illIc BBOP;HTb B BHP;C 3aBapKH, KOTOpylO rOTOBHT crroc050M, OII}!CaH-
HbIM B pa3p;cnc 5.
3aTcM B paeTBop ynyq:rnHTeJICH OKMCrrHTCJIbHOrO P;CHCTBID! (BapHaHT
1 IDlM 2) nH50 B IIpCp;BapllTenbHo OXJIa)l()J;CHHyro P;O TCMlIcpaTypbl 37:!:3°C
3aBapKY MO)J,H HU:HpOBaHHoro KpaxMana (BapHaHTbl 3 IUIH 4) p;05aBnHIOT
pacTBop epMeHTHoro IIperrapaTa, rrpHroToBncHHoro crroc050M, H3JIO:>KeH-
HblM B pa3p;cne 4.
TIpH KOMIUICKCHOM Hcrronb30BaHIDI Tpex YJIyqlliHTCnCH KOMrr03MU:HIO
COCTaBJIHIOT cneP;YIOIl\HM 05pa30M: BHaqanC rOTOBHT BOP;HbIH pacTBop conH
aMMOHHH B COOTHOllieIDIH conH H BOP;bl 1 :10 npH TeMnepaType 55:t5°C,
3aTeM B Hero p;05aBnHIOT 5pOMaT KanID! HnH aCKop5HHOBYIO KHcnOTY H
KOMIUICKCHOC IIpHMeHCHHe yn}"lIIIHTeJIeH HHTeHCH HlUiPYCT IIpOU:CCG CO-
3peBamm TCCTa, yn}"lIlIaeT cro CTpYKTypHo-MeXaHH'leCKHe CBOHCTBa H Ka-
qeCTBO XJIe5a. .II.03HpoBKa Ka)l()J;OrO YJI}"illlHTcnH IIPH nOM COKpaIl\aeTCH
B p;Ba pa3a IIO CpaBHeHlIIO C 05mClIpHHHTOH.
B Ka1leCTBC. KOMIIOHCHTa, p;eHCTBYIOIl\erO Ha 5enKOBO-IIpOTeHHa3HbIH
KOMlUIeKC MYKH H ynyq:rnaIDIl\ero CTpYKTYpHO-MeXaHHqeCKHe CBOHCTBa
TeCTa, CJIep;yeT IIpHMeIDlTh MOP;H HJ.I.HpOBaHHbIH KpaXMaJI HJIH 5pOMaT
KaJIHH, n1l50 aCKop5HHOByro KHcnOTY; p;nH aKTHBa:I.(IDI 5pO:>KeHID! cnep;yeT
op;HOBpeMeHHO BBO)J,HTh epMeHTHbIH IIpClIapaT AMHJIOpH3MH TI10x HJIH
f20x, a TaK)!(e p;OnOJIHHTenbHOC II}!TaIJHe p;nH P;pO:>K:>KCH - MllHCpanbHyIO
conb: aMMOHHll OC OpHOKHCJIbIH 0p;H03aMeIl\CHHbIH (fOCT 3771-74)
IUIH ABY3aMeIl\eHHbIH (fOCT 3772-74) nH50 cepHOKHCJIbIH aMMOHHll
(fOCT 3769-78).
YnY'lIIIHTenll MO:>KHO COCTaBJIHTb H3 ABYx HnH TpCX KOMrrOHeHTOB B op;-
HOM H3 cJIep;YIOIl\lIx CoqcnlHlrii (B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT HaJIWIIUI peareHToB).
434
15*
435
4>CpMCHTHbIM npCrrapaT, nOArOTOBnCH!IhIM BbIllICOIIHCaHHbIM C110C060M,
m160 paCTBOp COmI aMMOIDUI AaIOT B QXJIa)!()];CHHYIO 3aBapKY MOAH<PYIlLHpO-
BaJIHOrO KpaxMaJIa, a 3aTCM A06aBnHIOT 4>cpMeHTHbIM rrpcnapaT. PaCTBopbI
rOTOBHT Ha oWly, P;BC IiTHl TPH CMCHbI.
TpcGycMOC )J)Ul paGOTbI op;Hoii CMCHbI KOnH'ICCTBO paCTBopa pacxo-
A)'IOT, a pacTBOpbI AJIH APyrlJ:X CMCH IiTHl HaBCCKH xpaHHT B CnCUHaJIbHO
OTBCP;CHHOM AJ1H 3mx UCJICM MCCTC (rrOMcmCHIDI, IlIKaljJy H P;p.). PaCTBOp,
COP;CpA<:3IWIM 4>CpMCHTHbIM npcrrapaT, xpaHHT B XOJIO)J;}mMillKC. HaBCCKH
HJIH paCTBopbI ynY'ffilHTCJICM BbIp;aIOT Ha'IaJIbIillKY CMCHbI HnH GpHra,r:J;Hpy,
KOTOpbIM ncpCAaCT HX P;aJIbllIC rro CMCHC. PaCTBopbI H3 COCTaBnCHHbIX HaBCCOK
ynY'ffilHTcnCM ncpcp; Ha'laJIOM CMCHbI rOTOBHT Ha'laJIbHHK CMCHbI IUlH nYllLO,
KOTOpOC OH ynOJIHOMO'illT. llpl1TOTOBnCHHYIO KOMn03HWHO BHOCHT B CM-
KOCTh P;illl ApOA<::>KCBOrO MOJIOKa, :>KH,!J;KHX p;po:>K:>Keii HnH BOWlOM cycncH3IDI
npCCCOBaHHbIX APO:>K:>KCii. Ha rrpOH3BOP;CTBO CMCCb YJIY'IDlHTCnCM H P;pO:>K:>KCM
nop;aIOT 'ICpC3 P;03HpOBO'lHYIO aIIIIapaTYPY, rrpHMCHHCMYIO Ha AaHHOM npcA-
npHHTIDI IIPH HcnpcpbIBHOM HIm nopUHOHHOM npHrOTOBIICHIDI TCCTa.
llpH orrapHOM CIIOCOGC TCCTOBCP;CHHH YII}"IllIlITCJIb BHOCHT B oIIapy,
npH P;PyrHx cIIoc06ax - B TCCTO. KOMIUICKCHOC HcnOIIb30BaHHC ynY'lliIHTC-
IICM HHTCHCH<PYIlLHpYCT C03pCBaHHC orrapbI H TCCTa, II03TOM}' IIpop;OmKHTCJIb-
HOCTb 6po:>Kcmm HX CIICP;YCT COKpamaTb. PaCCTOHKa TCCTOBbIX 3arOTOBOK
OCTaCTCH 6C3 H3MCHCHHH.
npI1 ncpcpaGoTKc MYKH co CpCAHHMH XJIC60nCKapHbIMH CBOMCTBaMH
IIIOGOM THn YIIY'llilllTCncii KOMrmCKCHbIX XJ1C60IICKapHbIX (B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT HanWIHH Ha npOH3BOP;CTBC);
AIIH MYKH C MaJIOpaCTH:>KHMOM KIICMKOBHHOM - YKX-2, YKX-4, a TaK:>KC
YICX-2 B CO'lCTaHHH C MOP;H4>YIlLlipOBaHHbIM KpaXMaJIOM.
Pacxop; MO,lUI4>HUHpOBaHHoro KpaXMana npH COBMCCTHOM cro HCIIOJIb-
30BaHHH C YKX-2 YMCHbllIaCTCH B p;Ba pa3a no cpaBHCHlliO C 06mcrrpHHHTOii
P;03HpOBKOii.
Yny'lUIHTCJIH KOMIInCKCHbIC xIIcGoncKapHbIC HBJIHIOTCH 34>4>CKTHBHbIM
CpCACTBOM nOBbIIIICHHH :>KH3HCP;CHTCIIbHOCTH xncGoncKapHbIX APO:>K:>Kcii.
llpH aKTHBaI(HH p;pO:>K:>Kcii B nHTaTCIIbHYIO CMCCb pCKOMCH,!J;YCTCH BBCP;C-
HHC ynY'IllIHTCIICM KOMIUICKCHbIX xIIcGoncKapHbIX III060ro THna.
Pacxop; KOMnnCKCHbIX ynY'lliIHTCJICM K Maccc MYKH B TCCTC COCTaBnHCT:
YKX-2 - 0,002%,
YKX-4 - 0,006%.
9. MeTp0J10rlf'IeCKHe Tpe60BaHHH npH nop;rOTOBKe
YJ1yqumreneH K nycKY B npoH3BOACTBO
8. npuMeHeHHe YJIyqumTeJIeH KOMlUIeKCHbIX XJ1e60neKapHbIx
YJIY'lliIHTCIIH, KOJIH'IeCTBO KOTOpbIX AnH npHrOTOBJIeHHH paCTBopa 6epYT
B npcp;cnax AO 1 Kr, B3BCIIIHBaIOT Ha IIaGopaTopfIhIX TCXHH'ICCKHX Bccax
He Iill:>KC 2-ro Kiiacca TO'lHOCm (fOeT 19491-74).
YIIY'IllIHTCIIH, KOJIH'iCCTBO KOTOpbIX npH rrop;rOTOBKC HX K nYCKY B rrpo-
H3BOP;CTBO COCTaBIIHCT HCCKOlThKO KHIIorpaMMoB, B3BCllIHBaIOT Ha IIlO6bIX
HaCTonbHbIX Bccax CTpCJIO'lHbIX (mrra BHU H P;PYrHx) C UCHoii ACJICHHH 5 r
liIIH lUIaT4>opMcHHbIX (ncperom:>KHbIX HnH cTaUHoHapHbIx).
)JonycKacTcH A03HpoBaHlic YIIY'IIIIHTCIICii npH nOArOTOBKC cro K nYCKY
B rrpoH3BoP;CTBO no HOMllHaJIbHOMY BCCY CP;HID!UbI ynaKOBKli.
J],03HpoBaHHc BOAbI ocymccTBIIHIOT:
rrpH npl1TOTOBnCHHH pacTBopoB B IIa60paTopHH 3aBop;a - H3MCpHTCIIb-
HbIMH UI1IIHHApaMH (fOeT 1770-74) 06'bCMOM (V) AO 2000 MIl H U;CHOH
p;cnCillIH (U) AO 20 MJI,
IIpH IIop;rOTOBKC ynY'illIHTCIIH B ucxY Hc06xoIJ;HMOC KOJIH'ICCTBO BOAb!
OTMcpHBaIOT IIPH IIOMOIWI p;03aTopoB, HCnOJIb3ycMbIX Ha npoH3BoP;CTBC,
HJIH AaIOT IIO Maccc (B3BCIllI1BaHHC OCYU\CCTBIIHCTCH Ha Bb!llICYKa3aJIHbIX
Bccax).
)JnH H3MCpCHHH TCMncpaTypb! BOAb! rrpHMcHHIOT TCXHH'ICCKHC TCpMO-
MCTpbI C IIpCAcnaMI1 I13MCpeHHH t = 0-1 oooe, UCHOM P;CIICHlliI U= 1°C.
YIIY'lliIHTeIIlf KOMIUICKCHbIC xncGorreKapHbIe (YKX) pa3paGOTaHbI
BO BHI1I1 XJ1C60nCKapHoH npoMbIllUICHHOCTH H rrpeACTaBJUlIOT COGOH rOTO-
BbIe AJIH HCIIOIIb30BaHHH CYXHC CMeCH.
Bb!paGaTbIBaIOTcH p;Ba mrra YIIY'lliIHTCIICii KOMlUIeKCHbIX XJ1C60nCKap-
HbIX no TY 64-13-01-86 cIIep;YlOmero COCTaBa:
YKX-2 - 4>CpMCHTHbIii npenapaT AMHJIOpH3HH lllOx IUlH f1 Ox HnH
f20x H aMMOHHH cepHoKHcIIbIH,
YKX-4 - 4>cpMeHTHbIii npenapaT AMlIJIOpH3HH ll10x HnH f1 Ox HnH
f20x H 4>oHaKoH (cMecb TpHIIOIIH - H nHpo4>oc4>aToB HaTpllil).
llpHMCHCHHC YIIY'ffiIHTeJICM KOMrmCKCHbIX XJIcGorrcKapHbIx 34>4>eKTHBHo
npH BbIpaGoTKc IlIHpoKoro accopTHMeHTa xnc6a H xIIeG06YIIO'lHbIX H3P;CIIHii
H3 rrllICHH'IHOH COpTOBOM MYKH. llOA p;eiiCTBHeM KOMIUICKCHbIX YII}"IllIlITeIIeii
HHTCHCH4>MIJ.lipYIOTCH I1pOUeCCbI C03pCBaHHH onapbI H TCCTa, B PC3YIIbTaTc
'Icro COKpamacTcH AJIHTcnbHOCTb TccTorrpHroToBIIcHlliI, YIIY'ffiIalOTcH pCOJIo-
rH1ICCKHC CBoMcTBa TCCTa H rrOBb!llIaeTCH Ka1leCTBO H3AeJIHH: YBeIIH1IillJ aeTCH
06'bCM, ynY'ffilaCTCH CTpYKTypa nopHcTOCTH H COCTOHHHC MHKHllIa, KOpKH
npH06peTaIOT Goncc IffiTeHcHBHYIO oKpacKY, YAJIIffiHCTCH CpOK COXpaHCHHH
CBC:>KCCTH H3P;CIIHii.
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Ka1lCCTBa MYKH pCKOMCH,!J;yeTcH npHMcHHTb O,lUIH
H3 cneAYIOmHX TlffiOB YKX:
10. PactJeT pacxoAa YJIY'IIlIHTeJlH
I1cxop;H H3 YCTaHoBIIcHHOM P;03bI YII, Y'lliIHTCIIH oG'bCMa BbIpa60TKH
XJIc6a 11 pacxop;a MYKH, BCP;YT paC'ICT TpcGycMoro KOJIH'ICCTBa cro pacTBopa,
cycrrcH3IDI IillH 3aBapKH.
437
436
npHMep pac1leTa pacxo a YJI}"IlI1HTeJIH (MOAllq,Hl\IfPOBaHHOI'O KpaxMaJIa)
.ILnH paCqCTa TIpHHHMaCM:
CYTO'lHaH Bblpa60TKa M3JJ;cm:!M: (A), T/cyn(H . . . . .
BbIXOA XJIc5a (B), % .....................
JJ.03a M,D,K (a), % K Maccc MYKM . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KOlllI;cHTpalUiH YJIY'llill:!TCmI B pacTBopC, cycncH31i11
HJIH 3aBapKC (n) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. npHCM H XpaHeHHe yny<IIIIUTCJIeH Ha npeAIIpHHTllilX
12,0
138,0
0,5
nOCTyrr3JOIIUie Ha rrpcArrpHHTue yn}"llllliTenU AOJI)KHbI UMCTb YAocToBepc-
HHC 3aBOAa-H3rOTOBUTeJIH 06 ux KaqeCTBe, YCTaHOBJIeHHYIO MapKupoBKY Ha
Tapc U OTBeqaTb Tpe50BaHHHM cOOTBeTcTByroIIUiX fOCT, OCT Hnu TY.
Yn}"lIliUTenU OI<HCnHTCJIbHOrO H BOCCTaHOBHTenbHoro Aei1cTBHH (5poMaT
KaJIUH, aCKop5HHoBaH I<HCnOTa, THocYJIb4>aT HaTpHH), a TaK)Ke 4>cpMeHTlThIC
nperrapaTbI, HCnOJIb3YCMbIe B He60JIbllIHX A03HpoBKax, xpaIDIT B JIa60paTo-
pHH XJIe503aBoAa.
,D,PyrHe BHAbI yny'lllIHTeneH xpaHHT Ha cKnaAe rrpcArrpuHTHH B CnelU:!aJ1b-
HO OTBeAeHHOM AJIH HHX MCCTe.
YCTaHaBnHBalOT UCXOAH
H3 HHCTpYKII;1ill no rrpH-
MCHeHRIO ,o:aHHOro ynyq-
llHITCJIH, npH COOTHOIlIe-
JiliU 1:10 - 9%
PacxoA MYKU:
B CYTKH, T
M = A'lOO _ 12-100 .
CYT B - 138 8,7
x
B CMeRy, T
M CM = M CyT :3 = 8,7:3 = 2}}
12. KOHTpOTIb 33 npaBJUIbHOCTbIO BHeCCHillI
H JJ:03HpOBaHHJI yn}"IIlIHTCJIeH
B CYTKH, Kr
QCYT = MCyT'Q= 8,7'5,0 = 43,5
QCM = Qcyr: 3 = 43,5:3 = 14.5
Q M a 6,04'0,5
MHH= MllH'-=
100 100
0,03
llpaBHnbHOCTb BHeceHHH H ,o:03HpOBaHllH YJIY'lliIllTcnCH CHCTeMarHqCCKH
KOHTponHpYIOT CMCHHbIe JIa60paHTbI, TeXHonorH, a rrpH OTCYTCTBHH HX -
6pura.D:llpbI HJIH HaqaJIbHHKH CMeH.
Pa60THHKH, BeJJ:YlWIe rroJJ:roTOBKY yn}"llillnenH K rrYCKY B npoH3Bo,o:-
CTBO (rrpuroTaBJIHBalOIl.\He pacTBop, cycneH3HIO H ,o:p.), Be,lI,YT crrCII;HaJIblThIH
)KypHaJI yqeTa rroCTYlUIcHHH H BbIJJ:a'lli Ha rrpOIi3BO,lI,CTBO YJI}"llJlHTeneH.
,il,BH)KCHHC pacxoJJ:a ynY'llill:!TeneH, KaK H JJ:PyrHx BH,[(OB CbIpbH, AOJI)KHO
oTpmKaTbcH B "CBeJJ:CHHHX 0 pa60TC cMeHbI" (4)opMa n-l3 XJIc6)_
OTBcTcTBeHHocTb 3a c05nlOAeHllc ,lI,aHHOH HHCTpYKII;HM rro rrpllMeHeHHIO
oAHoro H3 yn}"IlilHTCJICH HJIH llX KOMno3HII;llH HcceT Ha XJIe603aBOJJ:C rJIaB-
lThIH HH)Kenep, a B rreKapHe - 3aBCAywlWlH nCKapHCH.
B MHRyTY, Kr . . . . . MMHH = McM'lOOO
8
2,9'WOO
8'60
6,04
PacxoJJ: yny'lllIHTCJIH:
Ha 1 T MYKH, Kr
Q = 1000-a
100
1000-0,5
100
5,0
B CMeRy, Kr
M,D,K BHOCHT B rrO,lI,rOrOBJIeHHOM BHAC, n03TOMY rro,o:C'IllTbIB3JOT pacxoJJ:
(P) cycncH3HH IillH 3aBapKH ynY'llill:!TCnH*:
PaCXOA cycrreH3HH HJIH 3aBapKH
B CYTKH, n . P CYT = QCYT.10 = 43,5.10 =435
B CMCRy,JI . P CM = P cyT :3 = 435 :3= 145
B MllHYTY, JI . . . . . P MHH = 0,03.10 = 0,3
* PaCTBop, CYCIIeH3HIO lInll 3aIJapKY YJlY'I!JlllTeJlH BROCHT COBMCCTHO C AP0)l()I(CBbIM
MOJlOKOM HJlH pa3BcgCHHbIMlI B BOgC IIpCCCOBaHHbIMlI )1po)l()I(aI\IlI, COOTBeTCTBeHHO
YCTamUJJJlIBaIOT cYMMapHbIIi pacxog IIO)1roTaBJilIBaCMblX YJlY'I!JlllTCJ1clI II )1P0)l()I(CBOrO
MOJlOKa B CYTKlI, cMeHy II Ha O}J.HY IIOpUllIO 3aMcca (P;C)I(Y, MlIHYTY).
438
43"
llPHflO)f{EHHE 6
OCHOBHbIe xapaKTepHCTIIKH HaTypaJ1bHOH MOnO'lHOH CbIBOpOTKH H CbIBO:
pOTO'lHbIX KOHl eHTpaToB, KOTOpbIe Haxop)IT rrpHMeHeHHe B xne60rreKapHoH
rrpOMbIllmeHHOCTII, rrpHBe)J;eHbI B Ta6n. 228 H 229.
TEXHOnOrlf'IECKME PEKOMEH.l{A1.{If1f
no llPlfMEHEHlf10 1\WnOIlHOit CbIBOPOTKIf If CbIBOPOTQlIHbIX
KOHI.J;EHTPATOB B XIlEEOnEKAPHoit llPOMblIIInEHHOCTIf
T a 611 111.\ a 228
Ha rrpe)J;rrpHRTHRX xne60rreKapHoH rrpOMbIIIIneHHOCTH B HaCTORlI.\ee Bpe-
MH C enblo HHTeHcmpHKaWiH TexHOnOrH'leCKoro rrpo ecca, 3KOHOMHH
M}'KJI H rrOBbIIIleHHH llHlI.\eBoH eHHOCTH xne606ynO'lHbIX H3)J;enHH Hcrronb-
3yeTcH HaTypaJ1bHaH TBOpmKHaH ruIH rro)J;cbIpHaH CbIBopoTKa C cO)J;ep)KaHHeM
CYXHX BelI.\eCTB He MeHee 5%.
B rrocneJJ;HHe rO)J;bI rrpe)J;rrplliITHR MOnO'lHOH rrpOMbIlUJIeHHOCTH Ha'laml
BbIpa6aTbIBaTb H3 HaTypaJ1bHOH MOnO'lHOH CblBOpOTKH CbIBOpOTO'lHbIe KOH-
eHTpaTbI, cO)J;ep)K3lI.\He 13-95% cyxMx BelI.\eCTB H HMeIOII.\He 60nee )J;JIHTenb-
HbIe CpOKH xpaHeHlliI. 3TO C03JJ;aeT B03MO)I(HOCTb yny'lIIll:!Tb Hcrronb30BaHHe
MOnO'lHOH CbIBOpOTKH Ha xne603aBOJJ;aX, a TaK)Ke 3KOHOMHTb caxap H cyxoe
MonOKO II)'TeM 'laCTH'lHOH 3aMeHbI HX CbIBOpOTO'lHbIMH KOH eHTpaTaMH.
B HaCTORII.\HX peKOMeH,lJ; HHX rrpHBe)J;eHbI OCHOBHbIe xapaKTepHcTHKH
HaTypaJ1bHOH MonO'lHOH CblBOpOTKH H CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOH eHTpaToB; MeTO-
)J;bI orrpe)J;t:,neHHR OCHOBHbIX rrOKa3aTeneH Ka'leCTBa CbIBOpOTKH H CbIBOpOTO'l-
HbIX KOH eHTpaToB; lIpaBIDIa HX rrpHeMKH, xpaHeHHH H rrO)J;rOTOBKH K HC-
rronb30BaHHIO; OrrTHMaJ1bHbIe )J;03HpOBKH H paILHOHaJ1bHbIe crroc06bI HX rrpH-
MeHemrn rrpH BbIpa60TKe MaCCOBbIX COpTOB xne6a H3 M}'KH IIIUeHWIHOH,
p)KaHOH H HX CMeceH rro pa3nWIHbIM TeXHonoru'leCKHM cxeMaM; )J;03HpOBKH
H crroc06bI HcrrOJTh30BaHHR CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOH eHTpaTOB B33MeH caxapa,
cyxoro MonOKa H rrpH BbIpa60TKe COpTOB, pe errTypaMH KOTOpbIX rrpepY-
CMOTpeHO BHeceHHe CbIBOpOTKH; 3KOHOMH'leCKaH 3iPiPeKTHBHOCTb rrpHMeHe-
HHR CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOH eHTpaTOB B xne60rreKapHoH rrpOMbIIIIneHHocTH.
PeKoMeHJJ; ID:! COCTaBneHbI Ha OCHOBe 3KcrrepHMeHTanbHbIX )J;aHHbIX,
rronY'leHHbIX BO BHI1I1XII, no BHI1I1XII, MTI1IIII, KTl1IIII, B3l1IIII,
ACcopTHMeHTHO-MeTO)J;lf'leCKOM Ka6HHeTe r. KpaCHO)J;apa, a TaK)Ke C Y'leTOM
orrbITa pa60TbI rrpOMbIllmeHHOCTH.
M8CCOB811 AOJI1I, % OUTOIl811 eH8
KHC- 38 1 T, py6.
CYXHX JI8KTO- 6cJI- nOT-
H811MeHOB8HHe BC- 3hI, K8, HOCTh-, B 6oQ- B lIC- npeHcKYP8HT
npoA}'KTa I.IJ.eCTB, He He °T, K8X TCpH8X
He MeHec Me- HC HIm IUIH
MeHee Hec 60nce MelI1- 4>n1l-
ax r8X
KpaTKaH xapaKTepHC11fKa IUnypaJILHoif MOJIO'lHOif CbIBOpOTKH
H CLlBOpOTO'lHb1X KOHIJ:eHTpaTOB
C'bIBopOTKa MOJl01lHaJl: npeticKypaHT
HaTypanbHaH OCT 49 onTOBbIX UCH
NQ 32-01,
92-75. CpOK P;CfiCTBlIH cTp. 11, n. 71,
p;o01.07.90 1981 r.
nOI1CbIpHa51 5 4 0,5* 20 3,0
TBOp0)l(Ha51 5 3,5 0,5* 75 3,0
K83ellHOB8n 5 3,5 0,5* 70 3,0
C'bIBopoTKa M01l0'IHaH nOCTaHOBJleHlIC
rOCKOMI.\CH CCCP
KOHUCHTpllpOBaHHa51 OT 10.03.81
TY 49798-81. CpOK NQ 203. p;on.
P;CfiCTBlI5I P;O 01.05.91 rrpcfiCKypaHT
NQ 32-01-1981/1
OT 01.01.82
nOl1cblpHa51 13 9 1,2* 45 40
20 13 1,8* 60 65
30 22 2.6* 100 100
nop;CbIpHa51 2,4* 300 100
C6pO)l(CHHa51 30 18
TBOpO)I(Ha51 13 7 1,4* 150 40
20 10 2,2* 260 65
30 21 3,2* 300 100
CbIBopoTKa MOJlO'IHa51 nOCTaIlOBJICHlIC
rOCKOMUCH CCCP
cryll(eHHa51 TY 49803- OT 30.11.83
81. CpOK p;eilCTBlI5I p;o NQ 895, p;on.
01.01.92 npeficKypaHT
NQ 32-01-
1981/12-01
nOI1CblpHa51 40 24 3,5 130 220 140
nop;CbIpHa5J 4,2 400 220 140
C6pO)l(CHHa51 40 22
(E YK) 22 4,2 400 220 140
TBOpO)l(HaJ1 40
HarypaJ1bHaH MOnO'lHaH CblBopoTKa rro OCT 49-92-75 RBnHeTCH BTOpH'l-
HbIM rrpopYKTOM rrepepa60TKH MonOKa Ha TBopor, CbI'lY)KHbIe CbIpbI H Ka-
3eHH. aHa HMeeT BHJJ; 3eneHOBaTOH )fQf)J;Kocrn C 'llICTbIM, CBOHCTBeHHbIM MO-
JIO'lHOH CbIBopOTKe BKYCOM H 3arraXOM.
B xne60rre'lemrn MO)KeT 6bITh Hcrronb30BaHa CbIBopoTKa TBOpO)KHaH,
rro)J;cbIpHaH HeCOneHaH H CbIBopoTKa, rronY'leHHaH rrpH OCa)K)J;eHllli Ka3eHHa.
ConeHaR rro)J;cbIpHaH CbIBopoTKa C cOJJ;ep)KaHHeM xnopHCTOro HaTpHH )J;O 6%
K Hcrronb30BaHHIO B xne60rre'leHIDI He peKOMeHpYeTCH.
440
441
[Jpoi)O/lJ/(ellue Tafin. 228
KI1 Ifcnonb3YlOT npOJIlICb jJ,JUI crYll\eHHOrO MonOKa. ,IJ,onycKaeTcH onpe)..l;ene-
Hlfe MaccoBoH )..I;Onlf CYXlfX Bell\eCTB CbIBOpOTKIf KOHl eHTplfpoBaHHoH peiP-
paKToMeTplf1leCKI1M MeTOAOM.
MaCCOBIUI p;onH, % OnTOBaH I1eHa
KlIc- 3a 1 T, pyG.
cyxlIx naKTO- Gen- nOT-
HaHMeHoBaHlIe Be- 3hI. Ka, HOCTb, B GO'1- B IIlIC- ilpeHcKypaHT
npop;YKTa I..Q;CCTB, He He °T, Kax TepH8X
He MeHee Me- He HnH Hnll
MeHec HCC Gonec Melll- q,JUI -
Kax Tax
CbIBopOTKa MOJlO'IHa51
CKBaIIICHHaJ1 Cryll(CH-
Ha51 TY 49718-80.
CpOK p;enCTBIUI p;o
01.11.90
n0)1CbIpHa51 30
TBOpO)l(HaJ1 30
TBOpO)l(Ha51 50
CbIBopOTKa MOJl01lHaH
CYXaJ1 TY 49800-81.
CpOK p;CnCTBIUI )10
01.01.92
nop;CblpHaH 95
paclIbmllTeJlb-
Hoil CYlI1KlI
nnCH01lHOil 95
CYlI1KlI
TBOpOJKHa5I pac- 95
nbmllTeJlbHOil
CYlI1KlI
Onpe)..l;eneHlfe KlfcnOTHOCTIf.
fIplfMeHHeMbIe peaKTHBbI:
HaTp e)..l;KIfH . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,1 H pacTBopa;
iPeHoniPTanelfH ......... 1 % paCTBop B 3mnOBOM crrlfpTe;
BO)..l;a )J,IfCTlfnnlfpoBaHHaH
nOCTaHOBJleHlIC
rOCKOMUCH CCCP
OT 10.03.81
NQ 203, p;on.
npcnCKypaIlT
He NQ 32-01/1981/1
HlI)I(e OT 01.01.82
12* 5,4* 800 180 120
12* 5,4* 1000 180 120
18* 13,0* 1700 180 120
nOCTaHOBJleHlIC
rOCKOMUCH CCCP
OT 10.03.81
NQ 203,
npeHcKypaHT
NQ 32-01-19811'.,
p;on. npeilcKypaHT
NQ 01-015
OT 01.01.82
45 12,5* 20** 550
45 12,5* 20** 550
45 125* 75** 550
XOA 8HamJ3a
OTBelilliBalOT HaBecKY CbIBOPOTOqHOrO KOHl eHTpaTa (2,5 r AJ1H KOHl eHT-
plfpoBaHHbIx II crYll\eHHbIX BIf)..l;OB CbIBOpOTKIf; 0,65 r no CYXOMY Bell\eCTBY
AJIH CYXHX Bll)..l;OB CbIBOpOTKIf), paCTBOpHlOT ee B 100 MJ1 TelUlOH (50-60°C)
)J,HCTIfJ1nlfpoBaHHOH BO)J;bI, oxna)l(,[(alOT If iPlfJ1bTpYlOT.
50 MJ1 iPlfJ1bTpaTa, B KOTOpbIH )..I;06almeHO 2-3 KalU1lf iPeHoniPTanelfHa,
TIfTPYlOT 0,1 H pacTBopoM e)..l;KorO HaTpa )..1;0 nOHBneHIfH cJ1a60p030Boro oKpa-
lllliBaHIfH, He IfCqe3alOIl\erO B TeqeHlfe 1 MlfH. KOnlf1leCTBO MJ1 pacTBopa eAKO-
ro HaTpa, nOllIeAIlIerO Ha TIfTpoBaHlfe, YMHO)KaIOT Ha 80 If nonyqaroT KIfCJ10T-
HOCTb CbIBOpOTO'IHOrO KOHIJ,empaTa B °T.
Pacxo)K)..I;eHlfe Me)K)]y )..I;BYMH napanJ1eJ1b1IbIMIf onpe)..l;eneHIfHMIf He AOJ1)K-
HO npeBbIllIaTb 4°T. 3a OKOH'laTenbHbIH pe3ynbTaT nplfHIfMaeTCll cpe)..l;Hee
aplfiPMemtIeCKOe .D;BYX napanneJ1bHbIX onpe)..l;eJ1eHIfH, Bbl'lIfCJ1eHHOe C TOq-
HOCTblO AO lOT.
Onpe)..l;eneHlfe MaccoBoH )..I;onlf naKT03bI npolf3Bop)IT no MeTO)]y EepTpa-
Ha IfJ1M 1II00pmI no OCT 4963-85 (npIfMeHIfTeJ1bHO K caxapy M0J10'IHOMY -
KpIfCTanJ11f3aTY) .
Onpe)..l;eneHlfe KOnHqeCTBa 061l\ero 6enKa npolf3Bop)IT nYTeM YMHO)KeHlUI
KOffiiqeCTBa a30Ta (N) , nonyqaeMorO MeTO)..l;OM K'benb)..l;anll (npIfMeHIfTeJ1bHO
K MOnO'IHOMY caxapy no OCT 4963-85), Ha K03iPiPm lfeHT 6,38 (NX6,38).
MaccoBYIQ )..I;OnlO naKT03bI If 061l\ero 6eJ1Ka onpeAemnoT neplfo)J:WlecKH
B 06J1aCTHbIX, KpaeBbIx rum pecny6nIfKaHcKlfx na6opaTOplfllX Mon01lHOH npo-
MbIumeHHocTIf focarponpoMa CCCP.
MaccoBYlO )..I;onlO CYXHX Bell\eCTB If naKT03bI B cnyqae He06xo)..l;lfMOCTIf
onpe)..l;enHIOT B o6naCTHbIX, KpaeBbIx If pecny6J1HKaHCKlfx na60paToplfHx
MIfHxne6onpo)]yKTa CCCP.
* - CO)1cp)l(aHlIe 6enKa II JlaKT03bI npllBcp;eHO no JllITepaTypHblM naHHbIM.
**- - KlICJlOTHOCTb BOCCTaIlOBJleHHOfi CbIBOpOTKlI C 6,5% CD.
MerO)J;bI orrpe)..l;enemUI OCHOBHbIX nOKa3aTeJ1eif KaqeCrna CLIBOpOTIGI
H CbIBOpOTO'IHbIX KOIn eHTpaTOB
np8BHJ1a npHeMIGI CLIBOpOTIGI
H CbIBOpOTO'IHbIX Ko eHTpaToB
OT60p np06 CbIBOPOTOqHbIX KOHIJ,eHTpaToB If nowoToBKY If X K aHaffii3Y
npoIf3BOp)IT no fOCT 26809-86.
OnpeAeJ1eHlfe MaccoBoH )..I;OJ11f Bnarlf If cyxoro Bell\eCTBa npolf3Bo)..l;llT no
fOCT 8764-73, nplf nOM AJIll KOHl eHTplfpOBaHHOH If crYll\eHHOH CbIBOpOT-
442
fIplf 3aKJ1lOqemm )..I;OrOBopoB Me>K)Jy xne60neKapHbIMH npe)..l;nplfllTlfHMIf
Ii npe)..l;IIpIfHTIfHMIf-nOCTaBIl.\IfKaMlf CbIBOPOTOqHbIX KOHl eHTpaTOB He06xo)..l;lf-
MO TO'IHO YKa3bIBaTb BIf)J;bI CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOHl eHTpaTOB If MaCCOBYlO )..I;OJ1lO
CYXHX Bell\eCTB B HlfX.
443
npep;npIDITHe-H3rOTOBHTeJIb 06H3aHO rapaHTUpOBaTb COOTBeTCTBUe Bbl-
rrycKaeMorO npOp;yKTa Tpe60BaHHHM p;eHCTBYIOlL\llX TeXHH1IeCKHX ycnomi:H:
HaTypaJIbHaH MOnO'IHaH CbIBOpOTKa p;OmKHa nOCTaBnHTbCH oxna)f():LeHlfOM p;o
TeMneparypbl 8-10° C; Bce BHP;bl CbIBOPOTKH H CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOHIJ,eHTpa-
TOB no KHcnOTHOCTH, cOp;ep)KaHHlO cyxnx BerueCTB H naKT03bl P;OJDKHbl COOT-
BeTCTBOBaTb Tpe60BaHHHM HopManmHo-TeXHll'IeCKOM p;OKYMeHTlliJ,llH.
Ha KIDK,!JylO napTHlO BblrrycKaeMoro rrpop;yKTa p;On)KHO 6bITb ocpopMJIeHO
yp;ocToBepeHHe 0 Ka'leCTBe no YCTaHOBneHHoM cpopMe.
nOp;nllHHllK yp;oCToBepeHHH 0 Ka'leCTBe p;omKeH XpaHllTbCH B 3Kcnep;1l-
HH npep;npllHTHH-1l3roToBHTenH; Komrn YP;ocToBepeHHll 0 Ka1leCTBe
p;omKHbI nepep;aBaTbCH npep;npllHTHlO-noTpe6uTenlO O)J;HOB peMeHHo C nOCTaB-
KOH napnrn: CbIBOpOTKH.
T a 6 n II II a 229
MaCCOBaJI CpOKlI xpaHeHllii MaKCHMarrbHhIe cpo-
AOnJI B COOTBeTCTBHH KIf Xp8HCHHJI no AaH-
CYXHX C TY, He 6onee, HhIM CK<I> BHI1I1MC,
BH,I\ CbIBOpOTKlI DeIl..teCTB, CYTKH DHI1I1Xn, He 6once,
%, CYTKII
HC MeHee npll npll
8i2"C 20i2"C npll \ Hpll
8i2"C 20i2"C
CbIBopOTKa MOnO'IH8H
HaTyparrbHaH:
nOp;cblpHaH
TBOpO)l(Ha51
Ka3ellHOBan
YnaKOBKa, TpaHCnOpTHpOBKa H XpaHeHHe CLlBOpOTKH
H CLIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOHueHTpaTOB
CbIBopOTKa MOnO'IHa51
KOHIICHTpHpOBaIIHaH:
nOp;CblpHa51
HaTypaJIbHaH MOnO'IHaH CbIBOpOTKa nocTynaeT Ha npep;npHHTHe B aBTO-
HCTepHaX (MonOKOB03aX) H npHHUMaeTCH B CTlliJ,llOHapHblC eMKOCTll-pe3ep-
ByapbI C MeIIlaJIKOM II oxJia,IJ.HTenbHOH py6aIIlKoH (HanpllMep, MapKll P4-0TM
eMKOCTblO 2000 n) MJIU B 6aKH ll3 Hep)!(aBelOrueH CTarrll (He MeHee 2 II1TYK).
CpOK XpaHeHlliI HaTyparrbHoH MOnO'IHOH CbIBOpOTKll Ha npep;npHHTHH He 60-
nee OP;HllX CYTOK.
CbIBopOTKa - MOnO'IHaH KOHIJ,eHTpllpoBaHHaR C MaCCOBOM p;oneM CYXllX
BerueCTB 13, 20, 30 H 40% nocTynaeT Ha npeL(npHRTUe BO cpnHrax ,,<DH"
(fOCT 5037-78E) ru1H B IUicTepHax (fOCT 9218-86E), a C MaCCOBOM
L(OneM CYXMX BerueCTB 60% - B 60'lKaX (fOCT 8777-80E), cpaHepHo-
II1TaMnOBaHHbIX 60'lKaX (fOCT 5958-79) II MOnO'IHbIX cpnHrax ,,<DH".
JJ.rrH XpaHeHHH cryruemIOH CbIBOpOTKH TeKY1leM KOHCllCTeHIJ,Hll peKoMeH-
p;yeTCH llcnonb30BaHHe W1nllH,lJ;pll'leCKllX BepTHKarrbHblx eMKocTeM ll3 Hep)Ka-
BelOrueif CTaJIll C MeIIlaJIKoM.
CyxaR MOnO'IHaR CbIBopoTKa ynaKoBbIBaeTCH B TpexcnoMHble 6YMa)KHbIC
HenponllTaHHblC MeIIlKll (fOCT 2226-75) MJIH cpaHepHO-UITaMnOBaHHbIC
60'lKH C nonH3rnneHOBblMll BKnaL(blIIlaMll C repMeTwllio-3a,r:t;enaHHbIMH
IIIBaMll (fOCT 5958-79) .
CyxaR CblBopoTKa p;On)KHa XpaHllTbCH npll OTHocllTenbHoM Bna)KHOCTll
B03p;yxa He 60nee 80%.
CpOKH xpaHeHllH CbIBOpOT01lHbiX KOH eHTpaTOB npllBeL(eHbI B Ta6n. 229.
nOp;CbIpHa51 C6P0)l(CH-
Ha51
TBO p0)l(Ha51
CbIBopOTKa MOn01lHan
crYll(CHHa 51:
nOnCbIpHaH
nOp;CblpHa51 C6P0)l(CH-
HaH
TBOpO)I(Ha51
CbIBopOTKa MOnO'IHa51 cry-
ll(CHHa51 CKBalI1eHHa5l:
nOP;CblpH851
TBOpO)l(l!851
CbIBopOTKa M0J101lHa51
CYXaH
444
5,0
5,0
5,0
HC YKa3aHb!
3611 24 'I
3611 2411
3611 2411
13,0 3 1 3 2
20,0 5 2 5 3
30,0 10 5 10 5
30,0 10 5 15 7
13,0 3 1 5 2
20,0 5 2 7 5
30,0 10 5 12 7
40
40
10
10
5
5
40
5
10
30
30
50
npll HepcrynllpycMoli
TeMncpaTypc HC 60nce
3 MeC ,lJ;n51 CbIBOpOTKlI
C cOp;Cp)l(aHlICM 30%
CYXIIX Dell(CCTB, He 60-
nee 6 MCC WI5I ChIBO-
pOTKlI C 50% CYXlIX
B cll(CCTB
95
npll OTHoclITenbHoli
Bn8)1(HO CTII BO 3)J;Y xa
HC Gonce 80% II TCM-
ncpaTYpe HC Goncc
20"C - 6 MCC
10
15 -20
5
5-10
15 -20
5-10
CpOKlI xpaHCHlIH
He npOBCpHJJlICb
TO )l(C
445
nOArOTOBKa HaTYparrLHoif MOnOIffiOif CbmOpOTIGI
H CbIBOpOTOlffiblX KOHl{eHTpaTOB K HCrr0JTh30BaHHIO
CYXl.lO CbIBOPOTKY no Mepe He06xop;UMOCTU CMelllliBalOT C rOp1i'IeH
(40-60 C) BOP;OH B COOTHOrneHHU 1 :2. 113 nplfeMHoro 6aKa pa3Bep;eHHaR
CbIBopoTKa HanpaBlliJeTcR B pacxoJJ;HYIO eMKOCTb, oTKyp;a nOCTynaeT Ha
3aMeC TeCTa.
KOJIli'IeCTBO 6aKOB, rp;e npOlf3BOp)IT CMeillliBaHlfe C Bop;oii cryru;eH-
HOH llJIlf CYXOH CbIBOpOTKIf, paCC'llfTbIBalOT IfCXOlJ,H 1f3 CMeHHOH nOTpe6-
Hocrn B CbIBopOTKe, HO He MeHee 2-x 6aKOB C Y'leTOM He06xoAllMOCTIf
HX perymrpHoH caHlfTapHOH o6pa60TKIf.
Pa36almeHHaR CbIBopOTKa pacxop;yeTCH Ha 3aMec rrony<!Ja6plfKaTOB
C HcnOllb30BaHlfeM p;03aTopOB 1II2-X.II.E, 1II2-X,UM' ,If p;pyrHX KOHCTPYK-
IJ;lfH.
Bce KOMMyHm<aD;UIf, no KOTOpbIM npoxop;HT CbIBopOTKa, peKOMeH-
p;yeTcH p;eJIaTb 1f3 Hep)KaBelOru;eH CTaJIIf llJIU oprCTeKJIa p;uaMeTpOM He Me-
Hee 36 MM. 3anopHaH apMaTypa rrpUMeHHeTCH 1f3 Hep)KaBelOru;eH CTanlf
llJIU 6pOH30BaR ny)KeHaH.
nplf IfCrrOJIb30Bamill MOJIO'IHOH CbIBOpOTKIf P;Jffi Bblpa60TKIf XJ1e6a
If 6YJIO'IHblX 1f3p;emIH He06 P;lfMo C06JIIOp;aTb rurlfeny npOMblIImeHHOH
rrepepa60TKH CbIBOpOTK If. ------'
Bce ClfCTeMbI P;ill! xpauemlJi If nop;a'lH CbIBOpOTKIf Ha npOlf3BOP;CTBO
(pe3epByapbI, Tpy60npOBOIJ;bI, HaCOCbI, KpaHbI If JJ:p.) CJIe):{yeT nO)J,BepraTb
CaHlfTapHOH 06pa60TKe He pe)Ke OgRoro pa3a B CYTKIf, a nplf p;BYXCMeH-
HOM pe)KlfMe - cpa3Y nOCJIe OKOH'laHlfR pa60TbI.
I1jIH npOBep;eHlfR caHlfTapHOH 06pa60TKIf He06xo]J;llMO CAeJIaTb nop;-
BOIJ;bI Tpy6 OT COOTBeTCTBYIOru;HX ClfCTeM.
CaH06pa60TKY MO)KHO ocyru;eCTBJIHTb P;BYMH cnoco6aMIf:
Bce ClfCTeMbI npOMbIBalOT CHa'lana XOJIOJJ;HOH BOP;OH, nOT OM rOpH'leH
BOP;OH If nOCJIe :noro 06pa6aTbIBalOT napOM;
Bce ClfCTeMbI npOMbIBalOT XOJIOgROH BOP;OH, a 3aTeM p;e3HH<!JlfD;UP}'lOT
3%-HbIM OCBeTJIeHHbIM paCTBOpOM XJ10pHOH 1f3BeCTIf C nOCJ1eJJ;yroru;eH npo-
MbIBKOH rOpH'leH BOp;OH.
neplfop;H'IeCKIf 'lepe3 6-7 JJ;HeH He06xoAllMO MbITb eMKOCTH )J,JIH xpa-
HeHID! CbIBOpOTKIf TeIIJIOH BOP;OH (35-40° C) BPY'lliYIO ru;eTKaMH Ha )J,JIIDi-
HbIX p)"IKax.
nplfeMKa HarypanbHoH MOJIO'lliOH CbIBOpOTKIf npOlf3BOAllTCH 1f3 aB-
TOD;HcTepH (MOJIOKOB030B) B CTa[UiOHapHbIe pe3epByapbI C OXJ1ap;lfTellb-
HOH py6arnI<OH MapKIf P4-0TM-2 If P;p. IfJIIf B 6aKIf 1f3 Hep)KaBelOru;eii: CTaJIIf,
KOTOpbIe P;Jffi npep;oTBparu;eHllii HarpeBaHllii CbIBOpOTKIf peKOMeHD:yeTcR
YCTaHaBJIHBaTb B 3eMJIe Ha rny6HHe l-ro MeTpa.
IIepep; ynoTpe6JIeHlfeM Ha 3aMec nony<!Ja6pm<aTOB CbIBopoTKa B pac-
XOgROll: npolf3Bop;cTBeHHoH eMKOCTH nop;orpeBaeTcH P;O TeMnepaTypbI 30-
45° C C nOMoru;blO rOpH'leH BOIJ;bI, nponycKaeMOll: B py6allIKY, IfJIH 3Mee-
BHKa Buyrplf eMKOCTIf. I1jIH nop;orpeBa CbIBOpOTKIf MO)KHO IfCnOJIb30BaTb
MoJIO'IHbIe nacTeplf3aTopbI.
lloP;OrpeTaR CbIBopOTKa pacxo):{yeTCH Ha 3aMec nony<!Ja6pm<aToB
C IfCnOJIb30BaulfeM p;03aTOpOB 1II2-X.[U , 1II2-X,[(M If p;pyrHX KOHCTPYK-
u;uii.
He06xop;lfMo YCTaHOBlfTb KOHTpOJ1b 3a KlfCJIOTHOCTblO If TeMnepary-
poi nocrynaroru;eH If nepepa6aTbIBaeMOll: CbIBOpOTKIf. llplf xpaueHlf1f CbI-
°
BOpOTKIf nplf TeMnepaType 22-23 C KHCJ10THOCTb ee YBeJIlf'lllBaeTCH 3a
CyrKH Ha 20-22°T, H cpe)J,Hee HaKOIIJIeHHe KHCJIOTHOCTH 3a 'laC COCTaBJIHeT
0,9° T. ECJIH TeMnepaTypa CbIBOpOTKIf YBeJIIf'lHBaeTCH p;o 29-32° C, KlfC-
JIOTHOCTb ee HapaCTaeT 6bIcTpee, If cpe)J,Hee HaKOnJIeHlfe KlfCJIOTHOCTH 3a
OAHH 'lac paBHO 1,4°T.
Bo H36e)KaHHe 6bICTporo HapaCTaHllii KHCJIOTHOCTH 60JIbrnOe BHHMa-
Hlfe CJIep;yeT yp;eJffiTb CaHlfTapHOM 06pa60TKe eMKocTeM, npe)J,Ha3Ha'leH-
HbIX P;Jffi xpaHeHllii CbIBOpOTKH.
CbIBOpOTO'lHbIe KOHD;eHTpaTbI TeKylJeH KOHClfCTeHWIH (KoHD;eHTpH-
pOBaHHaH MOJIO'IHaR CbIBopoTKa C MaCCOBOH p;OJIeH CYXHX Beru;eCTB 13,
20 If 30%, cryru;eHHaR C6pO)KeHHaH CbIBopoTKa C MaccoBoH AOJIell: cyxlfx
Beru;eCTB 40%), p;OCTaBJffieMbIe Ha XJIe603aBOlJ;bI B MOJIO'IHbIX aBTOIJ;lf-
cTepHax llJIlf <!JJffirax, nOMeru;aIOTCH B nplfeMHbIe 6aKIf. He peKoMeH):{yeTcR
OXJ1a)K)J;aTb CbIBOpOTO'IHbIe KOHD;eHTpaTbI, cop;ep)KaIIJ;lle 30 If 40% CYXlfX
Beru;eCTB p;o TeMnepaTypbI HIf)Ke +18 °c, TaK KaK :HO MO)KeT npllBecTH K
ee 3arYCTeBaHlflO.
B neplfop; xpaueHlfH B nplfeMHbIX 6aKax CbIBOPOTKY He06xoAllMO ne-
peMeUHmaTb }J,llil npep;OTBparu;eIDIH paCCJIallBaHID! If 06pa30BaHllii ocap;-
Ka. 113 nplfeMHbIX 6aKoB CbIBopoTKa- HanpaBJIHeTCH B pacxo)J,HYIO npOlf3-
Bop;cTBeHHYIO eMKOCTb, oTKyp;a ona 3aTeM nocTynaeT Ha 3aMec TeCTa.
CbIBOpOTO'IHbIe KOHD;eHTpaTbI, ne HMelOIIJ;lle TeKylJeH KOHClfCTeHIJ;llii
(cryru;eHHaH CbIBopOTKa C MaCCOBOM p;OJIell: CYXlfX Beru;eCTB 60%, CKBarneH-
HaH crymeHHaR CbIBopoTKa C MaCCOBOll: p;OJIeH CYXHX Beru;eCTB 50% If P;py-
rife 3arYCTeBliille CbIBOpOTO'IHbIe KOHD;eHTpaTbI), nepep; IfCnOJIb30BaIrneM
CMeliillBalOT C rOpH'leH (50-70° C) BOP;OH B COOTHOrneHlf1f 1: 1 B eMKocrn,
cHa6)KeHHOll: MernaJIKOH, If nepeKa'lllBalOT B pacxoiJ.HYIO eMKOCTb, oTKyp;a
OHa nOCTynaeT Ha 3aMec nony<!Ja6plfKaTOB. TeMnepaTYPY BOIJ;bI perYJIIf-
pyroT B COOTBeTCTBIDI C 3ap;aHHOll: TeMnepaTypOH TeCTa H BpeMeHeM rop;a.
npHMeHeHHe Ha-rypaJThHOH MonOlffioif CbffiOpOTKIf
npu rrpOH3Bop;CTBe xne6a If xne606ynO'DJbIX 1f3Aemrn:
1f3 rrIUeHH'lHofi MYKH
llplf BbIpa60TKe XJ1e6HbIX 1f3p;eJIHll: H3 nrneHH'lHOH MYKH HaTypallbHaH
MOnO'lHaH CbIBopOTKa MO)KeT 6bITb IfCnOJIb30Bana:
)J,JIH aKTllBaIJ;I1H 6pO.D:HJ1bHOM MHKpO<!JJIOpbI )l(JUl;KHX p;pO)K)KeH, AP0)K-
)KeBOll: cycneH3HIf, )KH}J;K0ll: onapbI H p;p.;
rom IDiTeHCH<!JHKaD;HH npOD;ecca TeCTonpHrOTOBJIeHllii, nOBbIllieHllii
nHIIJ;eBOH D;eHHOCTH XJIe6HbIX H3p;eJIHH npH onapHbIX If YCKopeHHbIX cno-
c06ax TeCToBep;eHllii If 3KOHOMlfH M}'KIf;
)J,JIH BbIpa60TKIf COpTOB xJIe6a, pe enrypoH KOTOpbIX npepYCMOTpe-
HO ee IfcnOllb30BaHHe.
446
447
TIpH npHMeHeHHH MOnOqHOH CblBOpOTKH AM aKTHEaU;HH 6pOAHITbHOH
MIIKpoi!>nopbl HnH AnH llHTeHCHi!>HKawiH npou;ecca TeCToBeAeHHH ee HC-
nonb3yroT B3aMeH qaCTH BOAbI, paCXOAYeMOH Ha nplITOTOBneHHe TeCTa.
K01IW!eCTBO npHMeHHeMOH HaTypanbHoH CbIBOpOTKH 3aEHCHT OT copTa
H xne60neKapHbIX AOCTOHHCTB Hcnonb3yeMoH MYKH, BHAa xne6HbIX H3Ae-
nHH, npHMeHHeMblX TeJrnonOrH'IeCKHX cxeM, a TaK)!(e OT KHcnOTHOCTH Cbl-
BOpOTKH.
OpHeHTHpOBO'lHble AaHHble no pacxoA}' HaTypanbHoH MOnO'lHOH Cbl-
BOpOTKH npH Bblpa60TKe XJIe6HbIX H3AemiH H3 nrnemflIJWH MYKH npHEe-
AeHbl B Ta6n. 230.
HaHMeHOBaHIIC
npOgyKUHH
T a 6 n II U a 230
Cnoco6bI Pacxop; CblBOpOTKlI, %
npHrOTOBJ1eHHH K Maccc MYKH
TCCTa
B HaT YP 3JIb-! no CYXOMY
HOM BH.!I;e Be eCTBY
nlO6oJ1: cnoc06, 15-20 0,75-1,0
npllHHTbIfi
B xne60nC'ICHlIlI
OnapHbIfi, 10-15 0,5 -0,75
6e30napHbIfi
OnapHbIJ1:, 7-10 0,35 -0,5
6c30napHbIil
Y CKOpCHHbIe 10-15 0,5-0,75
YCKopeHHbIe 10-12 0,5 -0,6
J1IoGofi cnocoG 5-10 0,25 -0.5
B pe3ynbTaTe npHMeHeHHH CbIBOpOTKH ynyqrnaeTCH nOA'beMHaH CID1a
)!( HX H npeccoBaHHbIX APO)!()!(eH, 6blCTpee HapaCTaeT KHCnOTHOCTb, YMeHb-
rnaeTCH neHo06pa30BaHHe.
OCTaITbHaH CbIBopoTKa MO)!(eT 6blTb BHeceHa npH 3aMece TeCTa. CYM-
MapHoe ee KOnH'IeCTBO Aon)!(Ho cooTBeTCTBOBaTb peKoMeH)];aIJ;HHM, npH-
BeAeHHblM B Ta6JUlu;e C yqeTOM copm H KaqeCTBa M}'KH, KaqeCTBa CbIBO-
pOTKH H HCnOITb3yeMoH Ha npeAITpruuHJlx TeXHonorHH nplITOTOBneHHJl
TeCTa.
TIpH onapHbIX cnoc06ax TeCTOBeAemiH HaTypaITbHYIO Mono'lli)'l0 Cbl-
BOPOTKY MO)!(HO BHOCHTb B3aMeH qaCTH BOAbI KaK B onapy, TaK H B TeCTO.
BpeMJI 6pO)!(eHHH onapbl C MOnO'lHOH CblBOpOTKOH npH 3TOM COKpaIIJ;aIOT
Ha 40-60 MHHYT. BpeMH 6pO)!(eHHH TecTa, 3aMerneHHoro Ha onape C MO-
nO'lHOH CbIBOpOTKOH, npaKTH'IeCKH He OTJIHqaeTCH OT 06bl'lHOro. BHece-
HHe MOnOqHOH CbIBOpOTKH HenocpeACTBeHHo npH 3aMece TeCTa npHBO)J;IH
K COKpaIIJ;eHHIO npOAOn)!(HTenbHOCTH ero 6pO)!(emiH Ha 20-40 MHH}'T.
TIpH YCKopeHHblx cnoco6ax TeCTOBeAeHHJl (c npHMeHeHHeM HHTeH-
CHEHOro 3aMeca Ha MaUlime nepHo,[\H'lecKoro AeHcTBHH P3-XTI1-3, Ha
)!(H,D;KOM 3M}'ITbrHpOBaHHoH i!>a3e HAP.) u;eneco06pa3HO Hcnonb30BaTb KHC-
nbre BH,D;bl CbIBOpOTKH, nonyqaeMble npH npOH3BOACTBe TBopora H nHIIJ;e-
Boro Ka3eHHa.
TIpH nplITOTOBnemiH TeCTa YCKopeHHblMH cnoc06aMH KOnHqeCTBO
CbIBOpOTKH, He06xoAHMoe AM nonyqeHHH TeCTa C 3aWUIHOH KHcnOTHO-
CTblO, onpeAenHeTCH H3 cneA}'lOIIJ;ero COOTHorneHHH:
qT .K T = qM .K M + qCbIB . K CbIB .0,1,
rAe: qT, qM, qCbIB - COOTBeTCTBeHHO Macca TeCTa, M}'KH, CbIBOpOTKH;
KM' K CbIB - COOTBeTCTBeHHO KHcnOTHOCTb M}'KH (rpaA), CbIBOpOT-
KH (T),
K T - 3aAaHHaH HaqanbHaH KHcnOTHOCTb TeCTa, rpaA,
0,1 - K03i!>i!>HU;HeHT nepeBoAa .KHCnOTHOCTH (T) B rpaA.
113 3Toro COOTHOrneHHJl onpeAenHeTCH KOnHqeCTBO CbIBOpOTKH, KOTO-
poe He06xoAHMO BHeCTH, qT06bl nOJIy'IHTb TeCTO C 3aAaHHOH KHcnOTHO-
CTblO :
Xn66 113 MYKII nlI1CHlI'lHOfi oGoHHofi
II CMeClI MYKII nIIICHlI'IHoli oGOIIHolI
C MYKOfi llIlleHlI'lHOil II copTa
Xne6 113 nillCHII'IHoJ1: MYKII II II I
COpTOB
EynO'IHbIC II CAOGHblc 1I3JJ;enllH 113
MYKII II, I II BbIClI1C'To COpTOB
EynO'IHbIC 1I3AenllH 113 nlI1CHlI'lHofi
. MYKlIlI, I II BbIClI1CrO COpTOB
CJJ;oGHbIe 1I3Acnll5I 113 nlI1eHlI'lHofi
MYKII I II BbICillero COpTOB
EapaHO'IHbIC 1I3ACnll5I
EcnH npH npoH3BoAcTBe nrneHH'lHOrO xne6a Hcnonb3yroTcH )!(H;:J;KHe
AP°)K)!(H, HaTypanbHylO MOnO'lHYIO CbIBOPOTKY BHOCHT KaK Ha cTamm rrpH-
rOTOBneHl:UI 3aBapKH AM HHX, TaK H B npou;ecce nplITOTOBneHHH nHTaTenb-
HOH CMeCH. TIpH npHrqToBnemill 3aBapKH elO MO)!(HO 3aMeHHTb nlI60 qaCTb
BOAbl (oKono 20%) npH 3aBapHBamill rOpHqeH BOAOH, nH60 BCro BO)Jy npH
3aBapHBaHlill OCTpblM napoM.
B HTore C )!(H,D;KHMH APO)!()!(aMH MO)!(eT 6bITb BHeceHa HaTypanbHqH
MOnO'lHaH CblBopoTKa B KOnH'IeCTBe 6-10% K Macce M}'KII B TeCTe.
Xopourne pe3YITbTaTbl AaeT nplIMeHeHlIe HaTypanbHoH MOnO'lHOM Cbl-
BOpOTKII AJIH aKTIIBaIJ;ll1I npeccoBaHHbIX AP0)K)!(eH. B 3TOM cnyqae ee IIC-
nonb3YlOT AM pa36aBneHIIH 3aBapKH IInH AJIH nplITOTOBneHIIH nlITaTenb-
HOW CMeCII, COCTOHIIJ;eH H3 MYKII H HaTypanbHoH MOnO'lHOH CblBOpOTKH
B COOTHOrnemiH 1 :3. PacxoA CbIBOpOTKII B 3TOM cJIyqae COCTaBIIT 4-6%
K Macce M}'KH B TeCTe.
448
q CbIB =
qT.K T - qM.KM
K CblB .0,1
ITpll.Mep
Ta MaccoH 0,4 Kr.
Bblpa60TK3 Hape3HblX 6a1'OHOB 113 nrneHH'lHOH M}'KlI I cop-
-
Peu;enTypa He: J 00 Kr M}'KH, Kr
MYKa nrneHH'lHaH . . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . .
D:pm!()!(lI npeCCOBaHHble ................
100;
2 (B 1'. q. 1 Kr
cBepx peu;en-
TYPbI) ;
1,5;
4;
3,5.
COITb .............,................
Caxap . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MaprapHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
449
15-20
0,75--1,0
llpH Bblpa60TKe xne6a Ha rYCTOH 3aKBaCKe HaTypanbHYIO MOnO'lliYIO
CbIBOPOTKY MO)I(HO BHOCHTb C xne6HoH "MO'lKOif' (B 100 Kr "MO'lKH" -
23 Kr xJle6a H 77 n )j(H,lJ,KOCTH). 06bl'lli0 Ha 100 Kr M)'KH B TeCTe H3 p)j(a-
HOH M)'KH pacxoA}'IOT 25 Kr xne6HoH "MO'IKH".
C YKa3amIblM KonWIeCTBOM "MO'lKH" BHOCHT OKono 20 n BOAbl. llo-
CKonbKY CbIBopoTKa p;on)I(Ha nocTynaTb B oxna)K)J,eHHOM COCTOHHHH BO
H36e)j(aHHe oxna)K)J,eHHH "MO'lKH", npH npHroToBnemlH nocne)J,HeH 50-
80% BO}J;b1 3aMelliIIOT MOnO'lliOH oxna)!()J;eHHoH CbIBOpOTKOH, a OCTaBIIIYIOCH
BOA}' Hcnonb3YIOT AmI nop;orpeBa "MO'lKH" AO Tpe6yel\WH TeMnepaTypbl.
B :nOM cnY'lae pacxoA CbIBOpOTKH COCTaBHT 10, MaKcHM)'M 15% K Macce
nepepa6aTbIBaeMOH M)'KH.
B cJIY'lae Bblpa60TKH xne6a H3 CMeCH p)j(aHoH H IIIIIeHll'lliOH M)'KH
npllIUITo BHOCllTb He 25, a 12,5 Kr xne6HoH "MO'lKH", n03TOM}' IIpH 3aMe-
He 50% BO}J;b1 B "MO'lKe" Ha MOnO'lliYIO CbIBOPOTKY A03llpoBKa nocneA-
HeH 6YAeT OKono 5% K Macce M)'KH B TeCTe.
llpH Bblpa60TKe' xne6a Ha )!(H]J;KOH 3aKBaCKe Bna)I(HOCTblO 70-75%
H<lIypanblIYIO MOnO'lliylO CbIBOPOTKY MO)I(HO Hcnonb30BaTb npH' npHro-
TOBneHllll nHT8TenbHoH CMeCH, xne6HoH ,,MO'lKll" HIDi nOJlliOCTbIO BHO-
CllTb B TeCTO.
Dpll Hcnonb30BamlH CbIBOpOTKll B nllTaTellbHOH CMeCll He06xop;UMO
06pa aTb BHUMaHue Ha KOHCucTeHlI,lliO )KllAKOH 3aKBaCKU, OCBeJKaeMOH
nUTaTenbHOH CMeCbIO C MOnO'lHOH CbIBOpOTKOH. llO)J,'beMHaH cuna )j(H}J;-
KOH 3aKBaCKU' C CbIBOpOTKOH YJIY'lmaeTCH, 6po)j(eHue COKpa aeTCH Ha
30-60 MUH. B crry'lae nOHBnemUl CmI3UCTbIX xnonbeB (CKOIUJeHllH neH-
KOHOCTOKa HIDi TepMoiPHnbHbIX nanO'leK, npucyIIUix CbIBopoTKe), 3aTpyP;-
HHIOIIUiX nepeKa'lHBaHUe )!(HAKOH 3aKBaCKU no Tpy6aM, npHMeHCHlIe MO-
nO'lliOH CbIBOpOTKU npu nplITOTOBneHuu nUTaTenbHoH CMecu eneco06.
pa3Ho BpeMeHHO npeKpaTUTb.
llpn Bblpa60TKe xne6a Ha )j(UAKOH 3aKBaCKe Bna)I(HOCTblO 80-83%
C npHMeHeHueM 3aBapKu HaTypallbHyIO MOnO'lliyro CbIBOpOTKY MO)I(HO BHO-
CHTb HenocpeACTBeHHO B TeCTO C xne6HoH "MO'lKOH" (He 60nee 2% K Macce
MYKH B TecTe).
llpH BHeceHHll CbIBOpOTKll C xne6HoH "MO'lKOH" B nllTaTenbHYIO CMeCb
roIH )!(H}J;KOH 3aKBaCKll A03llPOBKY CbIBOpOTKll MO)I(HO YBeIDi'lllTb p;o 5-
10% B paC'leTe K Macce M}'Kll B TeCTe.
IIpaKTllKyeTcH TaK)j(e npllMemmHe CblBOpOTKH B 3aBapKY B3aMeH
BceM BOP;bl npll 3aBapllBamlH CbIBOpOTO'lliO-My'lHOH CMecn OCTpblM napoM.
B AaHHOM cny'lae C 3aBapKoH MO)I(HO pacXOp;OBaTb AO 15% MOnO'lliOH Cbl-
BOpOTKll K 06 eH Macce M)'Kll B TeCTe.
llpll 3aBapllBaHllll 3aBapKll KHIUITKOM pacxoA CblBOpOTKH cOKpaTHTcH
AO 3-5% K Macce M}'KH B TeCTe.
HaH60nbIIillM pacxop; CbIBOpOTKH (p;o 15% K Macce M}'KH B TecTe)
MO)j(eT 6bITb npH BHecemlll B nHTaTenbHYIO Cl\IeCb p;nH OCBe)j(eHIUl )j(HAKOH
3aKBaCKll C 3aBapKoM.
}KH}J;KaH 3aKBaCKa C 3aBapKoH H MOnO'lHOH CblBOpOTKOH MeHbIIIe ne-
HllTCH II c03peBaeT 6blcTpee B cpe)J,HeM Ha 1 'l.
llpll Bblpa60TKe P)!(aHbIX H p)j(aHo-nIIIeHl1'lHbIX COpTOB xne6a onapHblM
Hnll 6e30napHblM cnoc06aMH C npHMeHeHHeM KOH eHTpHpOBaHHOH )KllAKOM
451
llpHHllMaeM BblXOA TeCTa H3 100 Kr M)'KH paBHbIM 165 Kr, KHcnOTHOCTb
MOnO'lliOH CbIBOpOTKll 75° TepHcpa (7,5 rpap; KucnOTHOCTll, npHHHToM
B xne60ne'leHull), KucnOTHOCTh I'vtyKll 2,5 rpap;, 3ap;aHlIaH Ha'lanbHaH KHC-
nOTHOCTb TeCTa 2,2 rpaA (c nocneP;YIOIUHM 6po)j(eHHeM AO KlicnOTHOCTli
2,6-2,8 rpaA) .
OnpeAenHeM KonWIeCTBO CbIBOpOTKll, KOTopoe He06xo}J;llMO )J,JIH no-
n}"leHIUl 165 Kr TeCTa (1l3 100 Kr M)'KU) C KHcnOTHOCTbIO 2,2 rpap;.:
165 X2,2 -100X2,5
- 15,06Kf.
qCbIB =
7,5
llpH Bblpa60TKe 6apaHO'lliblX H3AenllH CbIBOPOTKY eneco06pa3HO
Hcnonb30BaTb Ha 3aMec TeCTa. .u03upOBKa CbIBOpOTKH COCTaBnHeT 5-10%
K Macce M)'KH. llpUMeHeHHe CbIBOpOTKH npUBO}J;llT K cOKpa eHHIO npoAon-
)KHTenbHOCTU paccToi'IKH TeCTa Ha 5-10 MHH, yny'lIIIeHHIO iPH3U'leCKHX
CBOHCTB TeCTa H pa3p;eJIKU ero Ha AenHTenbHO-3aKaTO'lI-IbIX MaIIillHax. Ko-
nn'leCTBO OTXOAOB npll pa3p;enKe TaKoro TeCTa COKpa aeTCH.
TCJffionOrU'leCKllH pe)j(llM npHl'OTOBneHIUl 6apaHOK HCYllieK C npHMe-
HeHHeM CblBOpOTKll B TeCTO BMeCTO BOAbl npaKTH'leCKH He H3MeHHeTCH.
EapaHO'llible U3p;eIDiH nOJIY'laIOTCH xpynKHMH, C XOpOIIlUM KonepOM, DUlH-
eM U Ha6yxaeMOCTblO.
npllMeHeHHe HaTYpaJThHOH MOnO'iHOH ChIBOpOTKII
npu npOH3BOj];CTBe xne6a H3 p»<aHOH
II CMecII p»ffiHOH II mneHH'IHOH MyKH
llpH BbIpa60TKe pa:mU'iHbIX COpTOB xne6a 113 p)j(aHOH H CMecu p)!(a-
HOH II nIIIeI-IlI'II-IOH M}'KH HaTypanbI-IaH Mono'lliaH CbIBopOTKa MO)j(eT 6bITb
IIcnollb30BaHa:
)J,JIH HHTCHclliPUKanu:n npOll3BOACTBeHHoro ILHKna, 3KOHOMHH M)'KH
U nOBblIIIeI-IllH nID.J.J:eBOH eHHOCTH xne6a;
jIJ1H yny'lIIIeHlliI nOA'beMHOH CHJlbl )j(H,lJ,KHX 3aKBacoK II HeKOToporo
YMeHbIIIeHllii neHoo6pa30BaHIUl;
)J,JIH Bblpa60TKU COpTOB xne6a C HaTypanbHoH MOnO'lI-IOM CbIBOpOTKOH,
BKnIO'leHHOH B pe emypy.
OpueHTllpOBO'lHble AaHHble no pacxop;OBaHHIO HaTypanbHoH MOnO'l-
HOH CbIBOpOTKll npll Bblpa60TKe p)!(aHbIX H p)j(aHo-nIIIeHll'lHbIX COpTOB
xne6a npllBeAeHbl B Ta6n. 231.
Ta61I1Iua 231
Cnoco6 npllrOTOBneHHiI TeCTa
Pacxop; CbmopOTKH, % K Maccc
MYKH B TecTe
B HaTypanbHoM
BMp;C
no CYXOMY
BeIUeCTBY
Ha ryCToil 3aKBaCKe
Ha TPaAlIIJ,lIOHHOH IIJllI KOHUeHTplIpOBaHHOn )!(HP;-
KOn 3aKBaCKC C Ao6aBJICHlIeM B TeCTO npeCCOBaH-
HbIX MIl )l(l!AKlIX APO )l()l(eH
Ha OTKI{)J;C cnenofi onapbllllIlI TeCTa {; p,06aBJICHlI-
eM )l(l!AKlIX p;p0)l()I(eH
10-20
10-15
0,5-1,0
0,5-0,75
450
MOnO'lliOKHCJIOll 3aKBaCKH (KMK3) C KllcnOTHOCTblO 18:1:2 rpaA H rrpecco-
BaHHbIX (0,5-0,7%) HnH )KH}:\KlIX (10% B nepeC'IeTe Ha M)'KY) Ap0)I()KeH,
HaTypanbHYIO MOJIO'lliYIO CbIBOPOTKY MO)I(HO npllMeHHTb B TeCTO C xJIe6-
HOH "MO'IKOH" AO 5% K Macce M)'KH rum B mrraTeJIbHyro CMeCb AJIH KOH-
eHTpHpoBaHHoll 3aKBaCKH BMeCTO 'IaCTH BOAbl. B nOCneAHeM cJIj"Iae pac-
XOA CbIBOpOTKH C 3aKB3CKOH Mm!ceT 6blTb 10-15% K Macce MYKH B TeCTe.
CblBopoTKa MO)KeT 6blIb Hcnonb30BaHa TaK)Ke AJIH aKnrnaU;Ui npec-
COBaHHbIX APO)K)Ken.
CYMMapHoe KonW!eCTBO CbIBOpOTKll, BHeceHHoe Ha pa3Hblx CTa)J)UlX
TeXHOnOrH'IeCKOrO npo ecca, Aon)I(Ho COOTBeTCTBOBaTb peKoMeHAaII;HHM,
npHBeAeHHbIM B Ta6n. 231.
llpH Bblpa60TKe xJle6a H3 CMeCH p)KaHOH H nIIIeHH'lliOH M}'KH Ha OT-
KllAe onapbl I'JIH cnenoro TeCTa C A06aBneHHeM )KIlAKlIX APo)I()Keii CbIBO-
POTKY B KOID!'IeCTSe 15--20% K Macce M)'KH B TeCTe MO)I(HO BHOCHTb C
xne6HoH "MO'IKOii" HenocpeAcTBeHHo BMeCTO 'IaCTH BOAbl npH 3aMece Te-
CTa I'JIH C )!(H)J,KHMU Ap0)I()KaMH. B nOCneAHeM cny'lae CblBOpOTKOii oxna)K-
AalOT 33KBaIlleHHyro 3aBapKY.
npH Bblpa60TKe COpTOB xne606ynO'lHbIX H3AenHll, pe el1TypaMH KOTO-
pbIX npeAYCMOTpeHO HX Hcnonb30BaHHe;
AJIH HHTeHcHi!>liKaII;HH npo ecca npHTOTOBneHlUl TeCTa;
AJIH npeAynpe>K,lJ;eHHH 3a60neBaHHH xne6a KapToi!>enbHoll 60ne3HblO.
npHMeHeHHe CLlBOpOTO'lHLIX KouneHTpaTOB
B3aMeH 'Jacm caxapa, naTOKH HJlli cyxoro MonOKa
npH BLlpa60TKe XJIe606YJIO'lHLIX H3Aemrn:
KOJITpOnL BbIXO,aa XJIe6a npH HCn0JIb30BaIDill
HaT}'paJIhHOU MOJIO'lHOU CLlBOpOTKH
llpH BbIpa60TKe xne606ynO'lliblX H3Aemrn C MOnO'lliOn CbIBOpOTKOH
paC'IeT BbIXOAa npOH3BOWIT B COOTBeTCTBHIl C "I1HcTpYK Hell no HOpMH-
poB<umlO paCXOAa MYKH (BbIXOAa xne6a) B xne60rreKapHoii npOMbIIIIJIeH-
HOCTH". BHOCHMaJI MOnO'lliaH CblBopOTKa j"IHThIBaeTCH B i!>0pM}'nax pac-
'leT a CpeAHeB3BeIIIeHHOH Bna)I(HOCTH CbIpbH H BbIXOAa TeCTa TaK)KC, KaK
H Bee APyrHe BllAbi AonOilllHTeJIbHOrO CblpbH. llpHHHMaH BO BHHMaHHe
paCXOA CyxlIX Bell.{eCTB CbIBOpOTKH Ha 6pO)KeHHe npH XpaHeHID! H B Tex-
HOnOrH'IeCKOM npo ecce, KOnH'leCTBO cyxoro Bell{eCTBa B HaTypanbHoll
CbIBopOTKe npHHHMaeTCH paBHbiM 4%.
CneAyeT HMeTb B Blf,IJ;y, 'ITO HCnOJIb30BaHHe pa3nH'llib Blf,IJ;OB MO-
nO'lliOH CblBOpOTKH npH npOH3l!OACTBe xne6a MO)KeT npHBecTH K HeKO-
TOPOMY CHH)KeHillO BOAonornoTHTenbHoH cnoc06HOCTH TeCTa H nOBblIIIe-
HillO ero aAre3HOHHblX CBOHCTB. B CBH3H C 3THM AJIH npeAynpe)!()J:eHHH
npHID!rraHHH K 060pYAoBaHHIO TeCTa, COAep)Kall.{ero MOnO'lliYIO CbIBOpOT-
KY, He06xoAHMO nOHH)KaTb ero Bna)I(HOCTb. HopMa Bna)l(HOCTH TeCTa AnH
OTAenbHblX COpTOB xne6Hblx H3AenHii YCTaHaBnHBaeTCH Ha Ka>K,lJ;OM npeA-
npHHTHH no pe3ynbTaTaM np06HOll npOH3BOACTBeHHOll BbIl1e'IKH H Y'IHTbl-
BaeTCH npH paC'IeTe BbIXoAa xne6a.
llpH BbIpa60TKe xJIe606ynO'llibIX H3AenHll H3 M}'KH nIIIeHH'lHOll nep-
Boro H BToporo copTa, a TaK)Ke ynj"IIIIeHHbIX COpTOB xne6a H3 CMeCH nIIIe-
HH'lHOll H p)KaHOll M)'KH, B pe emypy KOTOpbIX BXOAHT caxap HID! naTO-
Ka, peKoMeHAyeTcH 3aMeHa He 60nee 1% caxapa HnH 1,5% naTOKH Ha 3K-
BHBaneHTHoe KOnU'IeCTBO naKT03bl, cOAep)Kall.{ellCH B CbIBOpOTO'llibIX KOH-
eHTpaTax. llpH npoH3BoAcTBe xne606ynO'llibIX H3AeID!ll H3 MYKH BbIC-
IIIero copTa peKOMeI-myeTcH 3aMeIDITL CbIBOpOTKOll He 60nee 0,5 Kr ca-
xapa. TaKaH 3aMeHa 3KOHOMH'leCKH eneco06pa3Ha H He OKa3bIBaeT OTPH-
aTenbHoro BID!HHlliI Ha i!>H3HKO-XHMH'IeCKHe H opraHOnenTH'IeCKHe nOKa-
3aTenH xne6a.
llpH 'IaCTll'IHOll 3aMeHe caxapa Ha CbIBOpOTO'llibIe KOH eHTpaTbl CO-
Aep)KaHHe caxap , B rOTOBbIX H3AenIDIX COOTBeTCTByeT HopMaM, npeA}'-
CMOTpeHHbIM AelICTByroll.{HMH HopMaTHBHO-TeXHH'IeCKHMH AOKYMeHTaMH.
BHeceHHe CbIBOpOTO'llibIX KOH eHTpaTOB B3aMeH caxapa HJIH naTOKH
He OKa3bIBaeT OTpH TenbHoro BnllilHlliI Ha opraHOnenTH'IeCKHe H i!>H3H-
KO-XHMH'IeCKHe nOKa3aTenH Ka'IeCTBa xne6a H 06eCne'IHBaeT YBeJIH'IeHHe
BbIXOAa Ha 0,5-1,5%.
PeKOMeHAyeMbIe A03HpOBKH pa3nH'lHbIX CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOH eHTpa-
TOB B3aMeH 1 Kr caxapa B paC'IeTe Ha 100 Kr M}'KH npHBeAeHbl B Ta6n. 232:
Macco- KlICJ10T- Macco- JJ:03HPOB-
CbIBOPOTO'llIbIe KOHUCHTpaTbI BaH nonH HOCTb, BaH AOJUI Ka B38MeH
CYXlIX o TepHc- naKTO- 1% caxapa
BeI.IJ.eCTB, pa, HC 3bI, %, lIJIH 1,5%
%,HC 60nec He MC- naTOKH
MeHCC Hec
T a 611 II U a 232
I
llpHMeHeHHe CLIBOpOTO'IHLIX KouneHTpaTOB
npH npOH3BOACTBe xJIe6a H xJIe606YJIO'IHLIX H3AenHii
llpH Bblpa60TKe xJle606ynO'llibIX H3AemIii H3 nIIIeHH'lliOll M}'KH, p)Ka-
HOll H lIX cMeceii CbIBOpOTO'llibIe KOH eHTpaTbl MorYT 6blIb Hcnonb30BaHbI:
B3aMeH 'IaCTH caxapa, naTOKH HJIH cyxoro MonOKa, npeA)'CMOTpeH-
Horo pe emypOll; .
CbIBopOTKa MOJlO'IHaJl: KOHUCHTpllpOBaHHa5I
(TY 49-798-81)
IIOLICbIpHa5I
13
20
30
30
13
20
30
45
60
100
300
150
260
300
9
13
22
18
7
10
21
11,0
8,0
4,5
5,5
14,0
10,0
4,5
453
IIOACbIpHa5I c6pmKCHHa5I
TBOpO}KHaH
452
llpoi)oJ7.JlCelJue m6/l. 232
npHMeHeHHe CbIBopOTOtmLlX KOI eHTpaTOB
WUI HHTeHcHciJHKaI.{HH npou;ecca TecTOIIpHI'OTOBnemm
npH YClmpeHHLIX cnoco6ax
Macco- KlIcnOT- Macco- )J.03HpOB-
BaSI gona HOCTb, BaSI gonSI Ka B3aMeH
CbIBOpOTO'IHbIC KOH"elITpaTbI cyxnx o TepHe- naKTO- 1% caxapa
BeI.I..teCTB, pa,He 3bI,%, nmI 1,5%
%,He 60nee He Me- naTOKlf I
MCHee Hee Kr
IIpn npnrOTOBnemill XJIe606ynO'lHbIX H3.o;enHH, B pe:o;enTYPY KOTOpblX
BXO,lJ;HT cyxoe MonOKO, peKOMeH.o;yeTCH 3aMeHHTb:
1 Kr M0J10Ka KopoBbero :o;enbHoro cyxoro Ha 1 Kr CYXOH CbIBOpOTKH
C .o;06aBneHHeM 0,3 Kr )j(Hpa;
1 Kr M0J10Ka KopoBbero cyxoro 06e3>!illpeHHoro HJIM 1 Kr CYXOH naXTbI
Ha 1,5 Kr CYXOH CbIBOpOTKH.
IIpH TaKoH 3aMeHe .o;03a CYXOH no.o;cbIpHOH CblBOpOTKH He .o;OJ1)!(Ha
npeBbIlllaTb 3%, a .o;03a CYXOH TBOpO)!(HOH CbIBOpOTKH - 1,5% K Macce M)'-
KH. CbIBOpOTO'fHble KOH:o;eHTpaTbI peKoMeH.D;yeTcH BHOCHTb Ha TOH )j(e CTa-
lJ,illI TeXH0J10rHqeCKOrO npo:o;ecca, Ha KOTOpOH npe.o;ycMoTpeHo BHeceHHe
3aMeHHeMOro CbIpbH. TIpH 3TOM cOKpaIu;aeTcH npo.o;omKHTenbHocTb 6po)j(e-
HIUl nonyq,a6pHKaToB Ha 20-60 MHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT copTa M)'KH, KHC-
nOTHOCTH H .o;03bI CbIBOpOTKH.
CbIBOpOTO'llible KOH:o;eHTpaTbl MO)!(HO Hcnonb30BaTb KaK cpe.o;cTBo
HHTeHcHq,HKa:O;Hli npo:o;eccoB c03peBaHIUl H 6pO)j(eHIUl TeCTa npH YCKopeH-
HbIX cnoc06ax npnroToBneHIUl XJIe6a. .u03a BHOCHMoro KOH:o;eHTpaTa 3a-
BHCHT OT ero KHCnOTHOCTH, copTa H KaqeCTBa M)'KH H nOJDKHa 06eCneqHTb
Tpe6yeM)'1O KHcnOTHOCTb TeCTa nocne 3aMeca. I1jm :noro :o;eneco06pa3HO
Hcnonb30BaTb CblBOPOTKY crYIl(eHHYIO TBOpO)KH}'IO H no.o;CbIpHYIO c6 0-
)j(eHHYIO C COnep)!QlHHeM CyxHX BeIl(eCTB 40% H KHcnOTHOCTblO 400 T
(TY 49-803-81), CbIBOPOTKY KOH:o;eHTpHpoBaHH}'IO TBOpO>KHyro H no.o;-
CbIPHYIO c6po)j(eHHYIO C cOnep)j(aHHeM CYXHX BeIl(eCTB 30% H KHcnOTHO-
CTblO 300 0 T (TY 49-798-81) Ii CblBOPOTKY noncbIpHYIO cKBallleHHyro
crYIl(eHH)'lO C COnep>KaHHeM CYXHX BeIl(eCTB 30% H KHcnOTHOCTblO 800 0 T
(TY 49-718-80) B KaqeCTBe npo.o;yKToB, co.o;ep)!Qlll(Hx 3Ha'lliTenhHOe KO-
nI1'IeCTBO MOnO'lliOH KHcnOTbl.
KOJIHqeCTBO CbIBOpOTO'lliOrO KOH:o;eHTpaTa (c. B. 30%), He06xonHMoe
nrur npnrOTOBnf<HIUl TeCTa nJ1JI 6aTOHOB Hape3HbIX C HaqaJIhHOH KHcnOT-
HOCThlO 2,5 rpan H onpeneneHHoe no paHee npHBeneHHoH q,opM)'J1e (Ha
100 Kr M)'KH), COCTaBJ1JIeT 4,9 Kr.
CTOHMOCTh TaKoro KOnHqeCTBa CbIBOpOTO'lHOrO KOH:o;eHTparn BbIllle.
qeM CTOHMOCTh 3KBHBaneHTHoro no CyxHM BeIl(eCTBaM KOnHqeCTBa M)'KH.
B CBH3H C 3THM :o;eneco06pa3Ho BHOCHTh B KaqeCTBe nO)J;KHCJIHIOIl(erO cpen-
CTBa TaKoe KOnHqeCTBO CbIBOpOTO'lliOro. KOH:o;eHTpaTa, KOTopoe MO)j(eT
6bITb O)J;HoBpeMeHHo Hcnonh30BaHO Ha 3aMeHY 0,5-1,0% caxapa, npen)'-
cMoTpeHlIOro pe:o;emYPoH, B COOTBeTCTBHH C .o;aHHbIMH Ta6n. 229.
TaKHM 06pa30M, CbIBOpOTO'lHbIe KOHu;eHTpaTbl :o;eneco06pa3Ho HC-
nonb30BaTh nnH HHTeHcHq,HKaIUlli npouecca npHrOTOBnCHIUl TeCTa nml
xne6HbIX H3.o;enHH, Conep)j(all(HX no pe:o;emype caxap.
CbIBopOTKa MOJlO'IHaJ1 CryIIJ.CHH85I
(TY 49-803-81) :
IIOp;CbIpHaJ! 40 130 24 4,0
nogcbIpHa5I C6pO)l(CHHaJ! 40 400 22 4,5
TBOpO)I(HaJ1 40 400 22 4,5
CbIBopoTKa MOJlO'lHa5I* CKBalI1CHH85I
Cryll(CHHaJI (TY 49-718-80) :
nop;cbIpHaJ! 30 800 12 8,0
TBOpO)I(HaJ! 30 1000 12 8,0
50 1700 18 6,0
CbIBopoTKa MOnO'IHaJ! cyxaJ!
(TY 49-800-81) :
nOAcbIpH8iJ 95 20 45 2,2
TB{)P°)l(Ha5I 95 75 45 2,3
* CbIBopoTKa M0J10'IHaJ! (;ryll(CHHaJ! CKB8IllcHHaHpcKOMCHAYCTCSI I1fl5I lICnOJlb-
30BaHIUI B l!3):\eJlllHX 113 P)I(aHOH MYKlIlI CMeClI ee c nlI1CHlI'lHoU.
npHMeHeHHe CbIBOpOTO'IHL1X KOHu;eHTpaTOB
WJH npenynpe>K;JJ;eHIDI KapTocpeJILHoif 60ne3HH xne6a
IIpHMeHeHHe CLIDOpOTO'lHbIX KOIru;empaToB
npH BLIpa60TKe xne6a H xne606ynO'lHbIX H3nemm,
B pen;em'YPY KOTOpblX OIDI BXOAHT
B HaCTOHll(ee BpeMH pa3pa60TaHbI copTa XJIe606yno'IHblX H3neJIHH,
B pe:o;enTYPY KOTOpbIX BKnlOqeHbl CbIBOpOTO'lHbIC KOH:o;eHTpaTbI. Pe:o;en-
TypaMH 60JIhIllliHCTBa H3.o;enHH npenYCMOTpeHO Hcnonb30BaHHe crYIl(eH-
HOH CblBOpOTKH C co.o;ep)l(aHHeM CYXHX Bell(eCTB 40%. B Tex cnyqaHX, Kor-
lJ,a B3aMeH :nOH CblBOpOTKH npHMeHHIOT .o;PyrHe cbiBOpOTO'llibIC KOH:o;eHT-
paTbI, n03npOBKY HX paccllliTbIBalOT no npHMoH nponopIJ;lIH TaKHM 06pa-
30M, qT06bI KOJlHqeCTBO BHeceHHblX CYXHX BeIl(eCTB COOTBeTCTBOBano
HX KOJHlqeCTBY B 40%-HOH crYIl(eHHOH CbIBopOTKe no pe:o;emype.
454
I(JIH npenynpe>K,lJ;eHHH 3a60neBaHIDl XJIe6a KapT04>eJ1bHOH (THr}"IeH)
60JIe3HblO MorYT 6bITb Hcnonb30BaHbI CbIBOpOTO'llibIC KOH:o;eHTpaTbI C BbI-
COKOR KHcnOTHOCTblO: CblBopoTKa KOH:o;eHTpHpoBaHHaJ! TBOpO>KHaH C CO-
.o;ep)j(aHHeM CYXHX BeIl(eCTB 30%, CbIBopoTKa KOH:o;eHTpHpoBaHHaJ! nOnCbIp-
HaH c6po)j(eHHaH C co.o;ep)j(aHHeM cYXHX BeIl(eCTB 30% (TY 49-798-81),
CblBopoTKa crYIl!eHHaH TBOpO>KHaH H no.o;cbIpHaH c6po)j(eHHaH (TY 49-
803-81), CblBopoTKa MOJIO'lliaJ! CKBallleHHaH (TY 49-718-80).
ChIBOpoTO'llible KOH:o;eHTpaTbI BBOWlT npH 3aMece TeCTa B KOJlHl!eCT-
Be 2-5 Kr (B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KHCnOTHOCTH) Ha 100 Kr M)'KH.
455
B COOTBeTCTBlill C "MHcTPYKIUieH no npenynpe eHHIO KapTo4JeJ1bHOH
60J1e3HH XJIe6a", YTBep)f(1];eHHOH 3aMeCT;liTeJ1eM rJ1aBHOrO -CalUfTapHOrO
Bpaqa CCCP 12 HHBapH 1983 r., KHCJ10THOCTb XJIe6a npH HCn0J1b30BalUiH
nO)];KHCJ1HIO HX Cpe)];CTB )];J1H npe)];ynpe)f(1];eHlUl KapT<XpeJ1bHOH 60J1e3HH MO-
>KeT 6bITb YBeJ1H'IeHa Ha 1 rpa)]; npoTHB HOpM, npe)];ycMoTpeHHblx CTaH)];ap-
TaMH.
IIPHJ10)f(EHHE 7
COACp)l(aHlIC caxapa B e,o;IIHlI C o61,cMa IIJlII MaCCbl pacTBopa ero
B MOnO'IHOH CI>IBOpOTxe "P" pa3nll'IHOH IIJ10THOCTlIII TeMDepaTYpc
T a 6 n II U a 233
3KOHOMWIeCKMI a4t4>eKTHBHOCTL npHMeHeHIDI
HaT}'pam.u:oif M0J10'IHOH CIoIBOpOTKH
H ClolBOpOTO'lHbIX KOHD;elITpaTOB B xne60neQemm
Cop:cp)KaImc TeMnepaTypa, C C
caxapa (r), 10 15
B 100 r
pacTBopa cop:ep)l(aHlIC ca- cop:ep)KaHlIe ca-
IlJ'IOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MJ1 DJIOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MJ1
pacTBopa, r pacTBopa, r
UeJ1eC006pa3HOCTb HCn0J1b30BaHlUl npH npOH3BO)];Crne xJ1e6a Tex HJ1H
HHbIX BHJJ:OB CbIBOpOTKH 3aBHCHT, B nepBYIO Oqepe)];b, OT Toro 3KOHOMH-
lIeCKoro 34J4JeKTa, KOTOpblH MO)!(eT 6bITb nOJIy'IeH C }"IeTOM KOHKpeTHbIX
YCJ10BHH pa60TbI XJIe603aBO)];a.
llO,lJpllnaHO, qTO HaTypaJ1bH)'lO M0J10'lHYIO CbIBOPOTKY 3KOHOMHqeCKH
HaH60J1ee eJ1eC006pa3HO npHMeHHTb Ha XJIe603aBO)];aX npH 06 eM 06'b-
eMe CYTO'lHOrO ee nOTpe6J1eHHH CBblUle 3 T H nepeB03Ke Ha paccToHHHe
JJ:O 10 KM. B 3TOM cnyqae 3KOHOMll'leCKHH 34J4JeKT, KOTOpblH MO)!(eT 6bITb
nOJ1}"IeH npH COXpaHeHHH Ha npe)];nplUlTHH onapHoro cnoc06a npHroToB-
J1eHHH TeCTa, COCTaBJUleT 0,43 PY6. Ha 1 T XJIe6HbIX H3JJ:eJIHH. 3TOT pe3YJ1b-
TaT HBJ1HeTCH )];eHe)!(HbIM Bblpa)!(eHHeM 3KOHOMHH MYKH 3a CqeT CYXHX
BeIIlecTB, BHOCHMblX B TeCTO C HaTypaJIbHOH CbIBOpOTKOH.
Ha npe)J;IIpmITHHX, HCnOJlb3yrolWix YCKopellliblC cnoc06bl npHroToB-
J1eHHH TeCTa C BHeceHHeM HaTYPaJIbHOH M0J10'lHOH CbIBOpOTKH, MO)!(eT 6bITb
nOJIy'IeHa )];otIoffilHTeJlbHaH 3KOHOMHH CblpbH 3a cqeT COKpallieHHH pacxo,lJ,8
cyxllX Be eCTB M}'KH Ha 6pO)!(eHHe. B 3TOM cnyqae C }"leTOM 3aTpaT Ha
YBeJIHqeHHe )];03HPOBKH JJ:pO)!()!(eH 3KOHOMHqeCKHH 34J4JeKT COCTaBJ1HeT
OK0J10 1,0 PY6. Ha 1 T rOToBoH npoJJ:YK HH.
llpHMeHeHHe CbIBOpOTO'lHbIX KOH eHTpaToB npH npHrOTOBJ1eHHH XJIe-
6a 3KOHOMHqeCKH eJ1eC006pa3Ho TOJ1bKO B TOM cJIy'Iae, eCJ1H J1aKT030H
CbIBOpOTKH 3aMeHHeTCH qaCTb caxapa HJ1H naTOKH, npe)];YCMOTpeHHbIX pe-
eITTyp(jH H3)];eJ1HH. TIpH TaKOH 3aMeHe 3KOHOMHqeCKHH 34J4JeKT npH BbI-
pa60TKe XJIe6HblX H3)];eJIHH onapHblM cnoc060M COCTaBHT OT 0,5 )];0
1,0 PY6. Ha 1 T H3JJ:eJ1HH, a npH yCKopelllioM cnoc06e TeCTOBe)];eHHH OT
1,0 py6. JJ:O 1,5 py6. Ha 1 T H3)];eJ1HH.
45 .1,226 55,3 1,223 55,0
46 1,232 56,8 1,226 56,4
47 1,241 58,3 1,231 57,8
48 1,247 59,9 1,238 59,4
49 1,252 61,4 1,245 61,0
50 1,257 62,9 1,248 62,4
51 1,265 64,5 1,256 64,0
52 1,269 66,0 1,261 65,6
53 1,275 67,6 1,268 67,2
54 1,285 69,4 1,274 68,8
55 1,289 70,9 1,277 70,2
56 1,294 72,5 1,283 71,8
57 1,297 72,6 1,289 73,4
58 1,304 75,6 1,232 71,5
59 1,313 77,5 1,300 76,7
60 1,319 79,1 1,307 78,4
61 1,325 80,8 1,313 80,1
62 1,331 82,5 1,328 82,3
63 1,335 84,1 1,330 83,8
64 1,341 85,8 1,339 85,7
65 1,346 87,5 1,344 87,4
457
456
lIpoiJOIlJ/CelJue ra6.nUIjbI 233
lIpoiJoll:JlCelJue ra6.nUIjbl 233
TeMnepaTypa, 0 C
Concp>K8I'llIe
caxapa (r), 20 2S
B 100 r
pacTBopa COnep)l(8I'IlIe ca- COnep)l(aIIHe ca-
mIOTHOCTb xapa B 100 Mn nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 Mn
pacTBopa, r pacTBopa, r
COAep)l(aHlIC TCMficpaTypa, 0 C
caxapa (r), 30 3S
B 100 r
pacTBopa cOnep)l(8I'IHC ca- COnep>KaHlIc ca-
nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MJ1 IUlOTHOCTb xapa B 100 Mn
pacTBopa, r pacTBopa, r
45 1,221 54,9 1,216 54,8 45 1,216 54,7 1,210 54,4
46 1,224 56,3 1,222 56,2 46 1,220 56,2 1,218 56,0
47 1,230 57,8 1.228 57,7 47 1,226 57,6 1,225 57,6
48 1,236 59,3 1,235 59,3 48 1,233 59,2 1,231 59,1
49 1,242 60,9 1,240 60,8 49 1,239 60,7 1,237 60,6
50 1,247 62,4 1,245 62.2 50 1,243 62,2 1,240 62,0
51 1,255 64,0 1,253 63,9 51 1,250 63,8 1,247 63,6
52 1,259 65,5 1.258 65,4 52 1,255 65,3 1,254 65,2
53 1,265 67,0 1,263 66,9 53 1,262 66,9 1,259 66,7
54 1,270 68,6 1,267 68,4 54 1,265 68,3 1,263 68,2
55 1,275 70,1 1,273 70,0 55 1,272 70,0 1,270 69,8
56 1,280 71,7 1,277 71,5 56 1,275 71,4 1,273 71,3
57 1,286 73,3 1,284 73,2 57 1,281 73,0 1,278 72,8
58 1,293 75,0 1.295 75,1 58 1,290 74,8 1,284 74,5
59 1,298 76,6 1,289 76,1 59 1,293 76,3 1,308 77,2
60 1,302 78,1 1.296 77,8 60 1,298 77,9 1,296 77,8
61 1,310 79,9 1,309 79,8 61 1,308 79,8 1,304 79,5
62 1,326 82,2 1,321 81,9 62 1,315 81,5 1,310 81.2
63 1,328 83,7 1,325 83.5 63 1,323 83,3 1,319 83,1
64 1,336 86,8 1,331 85,2 64 1,329 85,1 1,325 84,8
65 1,341 87,17 1,337 86,9 65 1,332 86,6 1,328 86,3
458
459
llpooo.'l:J/Ce/Jue TOWzUljbI 233
llpooo/l:J/Ce/Jue mWzUljbI 233
TCMnepaTypa, 0 C
COP;CP)l(8HlIC 45
caxapa (r), 40
B 100 r COp;Cp)l(8HlIe ca-
pacTBopa COnCp)l(8HRe ca-
nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 M'I nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MJ1
pacTBopa, r pacTBopa, r
TCMDcpaTypa, 0 C
COp;ep)I(aHRC
caxapa (r). 50 55
B 100 r
pacTBopa COp;ep:>K8HRC ca- COnep)l(8HHe ca-
nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MJI nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MJI
pacTBopa, r pacTBopa, r
45 1,206 54,3 1,204 54,2 45 1,202 54,1 1,200 54,0
46 1,214 55,8 1,212 55,8 46 1,210 55,7 1,208 55,6
47 1,220 57,3 1,219 57,3 47 1,2H 57,2 1,213 57,0
48 1,225 58,8 1,224 58,8 48 1,223 58,7 1,220 58,6
49 1,235 60,5 1,230 60,3 49 1,22E 60,2 1,226 60,1
50 1,237 61,8 1,235 61,8 50 1,234 61,7 1,230 61,5
51 1,244 63,4 1,242 63,3 51 1,240 63,2 1,237 63,1
52 1,249 64,9 1,246 64,8 52 1,243 64,6 1,240 64,5
53 1,256 66,6 1,254 66,5 53 1,252 66,4 1,250 66,2
54 1,261 68,1 1,258 67,9 54 1,256 67,8 1,254 67,7
55 1,268 69,7 1,265 69,6 55 1,263 69,5 1,259 69,2
56 1,271 71,2 1,269 71,1 56 1,266 70,9 1,263 70,7
57 1,275 62,7 1,273 72,6 57 1,270 72,4 1,267 72,2
58 1,281 74,3 1,279 74,2 58 1,276 74,0 1,273 7;3,8
59 1,287 75,9 1,284 75,8 59 1,284 75,7 1,281 75,6
60 1,294 77,64 1,292 77,5 60 1,290 77,4 1,287 77,2
61 1,300 79,3 1,296 79,1 61 1,292 78,8 1,290 78,7
62 1,303 80,8 1,300 80,6 62 1,297 80,4 1,292 80,1
63 1,314 82,8 1,309 82,5 63 1,303 82,1 1,300 81,9
64 1,320 84,5 1,316 84,2 64 1,311 83,9 1,309 83,8
65 1,323 86,0 1,320 85,8 65 1,317 85,6 1,314 85,4
460
461
npoOO/l:J/Ce/Jue To6llu4bl 233
npoOO/l:J/Ce/Jue Ta6/!. 233
TeMnepaTypa. 0 C
C O n e p>K8HHe 60 6S
caxapa (r)
B 100 r cogep>K8HHC ca-
pacTBopa COnep>KaHHe ca-
xapa B 100 MJI nnOTHOCTb xapa B 100 MIl
nnOTHOCTb paCTBOpa, r
paCTBOpa, r
COn e p>K8HllC
caxapa (r) DIDO r
pacTBopa
TCMnepaTypa 0 C
70
nnOTIIOCTb
I cogcp>K8HHC caxapa B 100 MJI
pacTBopa, r
45 1,198 53,9 1.196 53,8
46 1,205 55,4 1,203 55,3
47 1,211 56,9 1,210 56,9
48 1,217 58,4 1,216 58,4
49 1,224 60,0 1,222 59,9
50 1.226 61,3 1,225 61,2
51 1,233 62,9 1,230 62,7
52 1,239 64,4 1,237 64,3
53 1,247 66,1 1,246 66.0
54 1,253 67;7 1,252 67,6
55 1,256 69.1 1,255 69.0
56 1,261 70,6 1,260 70,6
57 1,268 72,3 1,266 72.2
58 1,276 74,0 1,275 74,0
59 1,280 75,5 1,278 75,4
60 1,285 77,1 1,284 77,0
61 1,287 78,5 1,285 78,4
62 1,290 80,0 1,288 79,8
63 1,296 81,6 1,292 81,4
64 1,305 83,S 1,300 83,2
65 1,310 85,1 1,306 84.9
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
1,194
1,200
1,209
1,215
1,220
1,224
1,228
1,235
1,245
1,251
1,254
1,259
1,265
1,276
1,280
1,283
1,285
1,288
1,290
1,295
1,303
53,7
55,2
56,8
58,3
59,8
61,2
62,6
64,2
66,0
67,6
69,0
70,5
72,1
74,0
75,5
77,0
78,4
79,9
81,3
82,9
84,7
n p II M e q a H II e. Ltm:r onpcp;cncHHH ](OnllQCCTBa paCTBopa, Heo6xoAlIMoro p;JJ1I
3aMeca TeCTa, lIcnonb3YlOT cncp;yIOll(y1O q,OPMYJ1Y:
c= AE
B '
rAe: C - KOnHqeCTBO paCTBopa caxapa, n;
A - KOIDIqeCTBO MyKIf B TeCTe, Kr;
E - KOIDIqeCTBO caxapa no peu;enType Ha 100 Kr MYKIf, Kr;
B - cOAep)KaHHe caxapa B 100 MJI mIll 100 r pacTBopa, r.
n p If M e p. D,onycTI1M, Tpe6yeTcH 3aMeCIfTb TeCTa If3 100 Kr MYKIf
C Ao6aBneHIfeM 4% caxapa. OnpeAenIfB nnOTHOCTb pacTBopa (TeMIIepaTY-
pOll 30°), KOTopaH paBHa 1,315..., no Ta6nIfu;e HaxoAIfM, qTQ AaHHoll nnOT-
HOCTIf cooTBeTcTByeT cOAep)K(lH1ie caxapa - 62 r B 100 r IllIf 81,5 r B 100 Mn
pacTBopa. TorAa Tpe6yeMoe KOJIHtleCTBO caxapHoro pacTBopa paBHO:
C == 100X4
62
- 6.45 Kr
IllIf
100 X4
C=
81,5
= 4,91 n.
462
463
IIPHflO)[(EHHE 8
B ABYXCYTO'lHOi\: KynbType Ha conoAoBoM cycne nnOTHOCTblO 12% a. c.
npM 35-37° C o6p33yeT KopoTKMe TOnCTbIe KneTKM pa3MepoM 3-
4X 1 ,0 MKM, pacnOnO)!(eHHble OAMHO'lHO, no ABe M B uenO'lKaX, HaKanmmaeT
KMcnOTHOCTb AO 12-13 rpaA M neT}"lMx KMcnOT AO 23% OT o6IUei\: KMCJIOT-
HOCTH. IIpM rny6MHHOM noceBe Ha cycno-arap o6pa3yeT KOJIOHMM qe'leBM-
ueo6pa3Hoi\: <pOPMbI.
IIhaMM L.casei-26 (a.c. N° 427054) :
B ABYX YTO'lHOi\: KYJIbType Ha COJIOAOBOM cycne nJIOTHOCTblO 12% C.B.
npM 35-37 C o6pa3yeT KpYllHble TOJICTble KneTKM pa3MepoM 10-15X
Xl,O MKM, OAMHO'lHbIe, pe)!(e B uenOqKaX, HaKannMBaeT KMCJIOTHOCTb 20-
21 rpaA M OKono 10% neT}"lMx KMcnOT OT o6Il\ei\: KMcnOTHOCTM. fny6MH-
HbIe KOJIOHMM Ha cycno-arape qeqeBMue06pa3Holl <pOPMbI.
IIITaMM L.fermenti-34:
B ABYXCYTO'lHOll KynbType Ha conOAOBOM cycJIe nJIOTHOCTblO 12% C.B.
°
npM 35-37 C o6pa3yeT TOJICTble KneTKM OT KOpOTKMX AO cpeAHMx, pa3-
MepoM 3-7Xl,0 MKM, OAMHO'lHble M B AnMHHbIX uenO'lKax, HaKanmmaeT
KMCnOTHOCTb 10-11 rpM M neT}"lHx KMCJIOT AO 20% OT o6IUei\: KMcnOT-
HOCTH. fny6MHHble KonOHMM Ha cycJIo-arape QeqeBMueo6pa3Hoi\: <pOPMbl.
IIITaMM L.plantarum-30:
B ABYXCYTO'lHOi\: KYJIbType Ha COJIOAOBOM cycJIe nJIOTHOCTblO 12% C.B.
°
npM 35-37 C o6pa3yeT TOHKMe KopoTKMe KJIeTKM pa3MepoM 1-4XO,5 MKM,
pacnOJIO)!(eHHbIe npeMMYIUecTBeHHo B uenOQKaX, HaKanJIMBaeT KMcnOT-
HOCTb AO 13-18 rpaA M AO 6% JIeTY'lMX KMCJIOT OT o6IUeli KMcnOTHOCTM.
IIpM rny6MHHOM noceBe Ha cycno-arape <popMHpyeT KOJIOHMM 'leQeBMue-
o6pa3Hoii <pOPMbI.
IIITaMM S.cerevisiaen-l:
B ABYXCYTO'lHOi\: KynbType Ha conOAOBOM cycne nJIOTHOCTblO 8% C.B.
npM TeMnepaType 30° C o6pa3yeT KpynHble KJIeTKM OBaJIbHo-Hi\:ueBMAHoi\:
<pOPMbI, pa3MepoM 5X8 MKM C nO'lKOBaHMeM BAOJIb npOAOJIbHoi\: OCll. Ha
aueTaTHoi\: cpeAe o6pa3yeT aCKM C 4 cnopaMM. IIpM nOBepXHocTHOM pacceBe
Ha cycno-arap <popMMpyeT KpyrJIble BbmYKJIble KonOHMM C pOBHblMM KpaH-
MM, )!(enTOBaTo-6enoro UBeTa C MacnHHMCTblM 6necKoM, pa3MepoM I-
I,S CM.
,IJ,rrH npuroToBneHHH KOHUeHTpMpOBaHlIOH Me30<pHJIbHOH (BbICOKO-
KMcnoTHoi\:) p)!(aHoi\: MnM nIlleHM'lHoi\: 3aKBaCKM MO)!(}!O Mcnonb30BaTb CMeCb
BbIlIleynOMJIHYTbIX IllTaMMOB MOJIO'lHOKMCnbIX 6aKTepMii: L.brevis-l,
L..casei-26, L.plantarum-30, L.fermenti-34 MJIM CMeCb ABYX nocneAHMX IllTaM-
MOB.
qMCTble KynbTypbl ApO)!()!(ei\: He npMMeHHIOTCH.
,I:(nB npuroTOBJIeHlUl TepMo<pMJlbHOH 3aKBaCKM (3aKBaIlleHHoi\: 3aBap-
KM) npM Bbipa60TKe 3aBapHbiX COpTOB xJIe6a M AJIH )!(MAKMX Apo)l()!(ei\: B no
BHI1I1XII ceJIeKUHOHMpOBaH aKTMBHblii: IllTaMM MOJIO'lHOKMCnbIX 6aKTe-
pMi\: L.delbrlickii-7h (a.c. N° 729247).
3TOT IllTaMM Ha conOAOBOM cycne nJIOTHOCTblO 12% C.B. B ABYXCY-
TO'lHoi\: KynbType npM 48-50° C o6pa3yeT KpYllHble KJIeTKM pa3MepoM
XAPAKTEPHCTHKA H nOPJI.o;OK no.o;rOTOBKH
qHCIbiX KYJIbTYP MOJIOqHOKHCJIbIX EAKTEPHM
H .o;PO)K)KEM .o;JIJI nPHrOTOBJIEHIDI XJIEEHbIX 3AKBACOK
no PA3BO.o;OqHOMY IJ;HKJIY
1. Xap3KTepHCTIlK3 aKTHBHLIX lUTaMMOB MMKpOOpraHH3MOB
,UmI npuroTOBJIeHIDI rycTOH 3aKBaCKM no BHI1I1XII ceneKUHOHM-
pOBaHbI aKTMBHble IIlTaMMbI MonO'lHOKMcnbIX 6aI<TepMi\: L. plantarum-63,
L. brevis-5, L.previs-78 M AP0)l()I(H S.minor "qepHOpe'leHcKMi\:".
IIlTa.I\1M L. plantarum-63 (paHee A 63 ):
Ha COJiOAOBOM cycne IDIOTHOCTblO 12% C. B. B }J,BYXCYTO'lHOi\: Kynb-
Type npM OnTHMaJIbHoi\: TeMTIepaTYpe +30°C o6p33yeT KopoTKMe KneTKM
pa3MepoM 0,6-0,9XO,65 MKM, pacnOnO>KCHHble OJ],HHO'lHO MnM B uenOQ-
Kax, HaKannMBaeT KMcnOTHOCTb AO 10-11 rpaA M JIeTY'llix KMcnOT OKono
8-10% OT o6IUeii KMcnOTHOCTH. IIpM rny6MHHoM noceBe Ha cycno-arape
<popMMpyeT KonOHHH 'leQeBMueo6pa3Hoi\: <pOPMbI.
IIlTaMM L.brevis-5 (paHee Bs) :
Ha conOAOBOM cycne nJIOTHOCTblO 12% c. B. Qepe3 48 '1 pOCTa npM on-
THMaJIbHoi\: TeMllepaTYpe 30° C o6pa3yeT TOHKMe AJIMHHble KneTKM pa3Me-
pOM 2,6-13,OX0,45 MKM, pacnOnO)!(eHHble OJ],HHO'lHO, no ABe linM B ue-
nO'lKax, HaKanJIMBaeT KMcnOTHOCTb AO 16-17 rpaA M neTY'llIX KMcnOT AO
18-20% OT o6IUei\: KMcnOTHOCTH. IIpM rny6MHHoM noceBe Ha cycno-arape
o6pa3yeT KonOHHH B BMAe CHC)l(HHOK.
IIlTaMM L.brevis-78 (paHee B 78 ) : °
Ha conOAOBOM cycne nnOTHOCTblO 12% c. B. 'lepe3 48 'l pOCT npM 30 C
o6p33yeT KneTKM pa3MepoM 1,9-10,4XO,6 MKM, HaKaIDIMBaeT KMcnOT-
HOCTb AO 19-20 rpaA M neTY'lllx KMcnOT OKono 25% OT o6IUei\: KMcnOTHO-
CTH. TIpM rny6MHHoM noceBe Ha cycno-arape o6pa3yeT KonOllliM B BMAe
CHe)!(}fHOK.
IIlTaMM S.minor "qepHope'leHcKMii:" (a. c. N° 219518):
B }J,BYXCYTO'lHOi\: KynbTYpe Ha conOAOBOM cycne IDIOTHOCTbIO 8% C. B.
npM 25-28°C o6pa3yeT KJIeTKM OBaJIbHoKpyrnoi\: <pOpMbI pa3MepoM 3,8X
X3,2 MKM, pacnoJIO)!(eHHble OJ],HHO'lHO MJIH B KOpOTKHX uenO'lKax, H AaeT
YMepeHHo nnoTHbli\: ocaAOK cepoBaToro UBeTa. IIpM nOBepXHocTHOM no-
ceBe Ha cycno-arap o6pa3yeT Kpyrnble KonOHHH c BbIllYKnblM ueHTpOM
H poBHbIMM KpaHMM, )J,MaMeTpoM AO 1 CM, 6necTHIl\ei\: nOBe, pXHOCThIO ce-
pOBaTO-6cnoro UBeTa.
,I:(nn npuroTOBJIemm )K}f,IJ;KOH P)l(aHOH 3aKBaCKM B no BHI1I1XII ce-
JIeYMOIIMpOBaHbI aK TMB Hble IllTaMMbI MOnOQHOKHCnbIX 6aKTepHi\: L.bre-
vis-I, L.casei-26, L.plantarum-30, L.fermenti-34 M APO)!()!(ei\: S.cerevisiaen-l.
IIlTaMM L.brevis-l (a.c. N° 427055):
464
16 3aK. 1116
465
5-7Xl,0 MKM, npCHMyI.l{CCTBCHHO OAIDIO'IHbIe, HaKanmmaCT KHCnOTHOCTb
AO 12-13 rpaA H neTY'llix KHcnOT ]1,0 5-6% OT 06I.l{cii KHcnOTHOCTH. fny-
6HHHblC KOnOH1fH Ha cycno-arapc HMCIOT qCqcB c06pa3H)'lO 4>opMy.
ITCpCCCB Kynbryp npoH3BoAflT O)J;HH pa3 B MCCflIJ; nYTCM ncpCHCCCHHfI
CTCpWIbHOM nHncTKoM 0,2-0,5 MJI KynbTypanbHoM )!(H]1,KOCTM B rrp06Mp-
KY co CBC)!(CM nHTaTcnbHOM CpC]1,OM. POCT KynbTyp OCYI.l{CCTBnmoT B TC'lC-
HMC JJ:BYX cyroK B TcpMocraTc npM onTHManbHOM JJ:nfl Ka)!():l:OrO lilTaMMa
TCMrrcpaTYpc.
PaCCbIllKY MOnO'IHOKHCnblX 6aKTcpHM rrpOH3BOJJ:flT B 3arraflHHbIX aM-
nynax Ha jj(HJJ:KOM conOJJ:OBOH CPCJJ:C C JJ:06aBnCHMCM Mcna.
II.nfl npMrOTOBnCHMfI 3aKBaCKM no pa3BOJJ:0'IHOMY IJ;HKny Ka)!():l:bIM
IlITaMM 6aKTcpIDI HaKalmMBaIOT OTJJ:cnbHO JJ:O 06'bCMa 1000 Mn nYTcM
TpcxcTynCHqaTbIX ncpcccBOB:
1 MJI KynbTypLI M3 aMnynbI C c06nIOJJ:cHMcM npaBMn CTcpMnbHocTM
ncpcHocflT B rrp06MpKY C 10 Mn CpCJJ:bI. POCT B TCqCHMC 48 'I npM OIITM-
ManbHoM JJ:nflliITaMMa TCMncpaTYpc;
BCIO KynbTYPY ncpCHOCflT B CTcpMnbHYIO Kon6y CMKOCTbIO 250 MJI
C 200 MJI CpCJJ:bI. POCT B rCqCHMC 48 qaCOB npH OIITMMaJIbHOM JJ:nfl liIraMMa
TCMncpaTYpc;
BClO KynbTypy rrcpcHocflT B crcpWIbHyro Kon6y CMKOCTbIO 1,6 n C
1000 MJI CpCJJ:bl. POCT B TCqCHMC 48 qaCOB npM OIITMManbHoM JJ:nfl liITaMMa
TCMrrcpaTYpc.
113 rOTOBblX KynbTYP Ka)!():l:OrO liITaMMa C nOMOIl.\bIO McpHoro LUI-
nMHJJ:pa oT6MpaIOT nc06xoJJ:MMOC KOnl1'lCCTBO JJ:JIfI npMroToBncHMfI 3aKBac-
KM no pa3BoJJ:0'IHOMY LUIKny.
IfuCTbIC KYJIbTypbl JJ:PO)!()!(CM xpaHflT B n 06MpKax Ha conOJJ:OBOM ara-
pc rrpM KOMHaTHOM TCMncpaTYpc MJIM npM +4 C. ITcpcccB JJ:PO)!()!(CM npoM3-
BOJJ:flT 1 pa3 B MCCflIJ; nYTcM ncpcHoca 6aKTCpMOJIOrMqCCKOM nCTncM He-
60nblilOro KonMqCCTBa JJ:PO)!()!(CBbIX KnCTOK Ha CBC)!(YIO cpc C c06nIO-
JJ:CHMCM npaBWI CTCpWIbHOCTM.
II.nfl npMroToBncHMfI rycToM WIM )!(If)];KOM 3aKBaCOK no pa3BOJJ:0'IlIO-
My IJ;HKny JJ:PO)!()!(M HaKanJIMBaIOT JJ:O 06'bCMa 500 Mn rryrcM nOCJIeJJ:OBa-
TcnbHblX TpcxcTynCH'laTblX ncpcccBOB:
KynbTYPY JJ:PO)!()!(CM C KOCflKa 6aKTcpMOnOmqCCKOM nCTncM C c06nIO-
JJ:CHMCM npaBMn CTCpWIbHOCTM ncpcccBaIOT B np06HpKY C 10 MJI CpCJJ:bI.
POCT B TC'lCHMC 48 qaCOB npM OnTMMaJIbHOM JJ:nfl Ka)!():l:OrO liITaMMa TCM-
ncpaTYpc;
BCIO KynbTYPY ncpCHOCflT B CTCpMJIbH)'lO Kon6y CMKOCTbIO 100 MJI
C 50 MJ1 CpCJJ:bI. POCT 48 qaCOB npM OnTHManbHOM TCMncpaTYpc;
BCIO KynbTypy rrcpCHOCflT B CTcplUIbHyro Kon6y CMKOCTbIO 1 JI C
500 MJI CpCJJ:bl. POCT B TCqCHHC 48 qaCOB npM OnTMMaJIbHOM TCMncpaTYpc.
113 rOToBoM KynbTypbl JJ:PO)!()!(CM C nOMOIl.\bIO McpHoro IUlJIIDIJJ:pa
oT6MpaIOT H)0KHOC KOnl1'lCCTBO JJ:nfl npMrOTOBJICHIDl 3aKBaCKM no pa3-
BOJJ:O'IHOMY LUIKJIY.
2. nMTaTeJIhHble cpeJJ:L1 AJUI XpaHeHIDl, nepeceBa
M HaKOID1eHIDl MOJIO'IHOKHCJIblX 6aKTepJill H JJ:p0)lQf(eH
IfuCTblC KYJIbTypbl xpaHflTcfI M HaKanJIMBaIOTCfI Ha conOJJ:OBblX cpc-
]1,ax, KOTOpblC rOTOBRTCfI M3 conOJJ:OBoro cycna nJIOTHOCTblO 18-20% C.B.
ConoJJ:oBoc cycno MO)KHO nonyqaTb C nMB3aBOJJ:OB MOO rOTOBMTb M3 JJ:p06-
JICHoro flqMCHHOro conOAa.
HaBccKY AP06ncHoro conoJJ:a B KOJIIiqCCTBC 300 r 3aJUIBalOT 1 n BO-
]1,OrrpOBOAHoM BOAbl C TCMncpaTypoM 46° C, TI.l{aTCnbHO ncpcMcIillIBaIOT
H nOMCI.l{aIOT B BOAmI)'lO 6aHIO Ha 30 MIDI npH 45° C. Qcpc3 30 MHH TCM-
ncpaTypy CMCCH nOBbUlIaIOT JJ:O 55° C M nOMCp)!(MBalOT B TC'ICHHC 1 'I
II.aJICC TCMncpaTYPY CMCCM nOBbIlIIaIOT AO 63° C M npM nOCTOflHHOM ne
pCMCIlIHBaHMM nOMCp)!(MBaIOT Ha 3TOM ypOBHC AO KOHIJ;a ocaxapMBaHIDl
KpaXMaJIa, T. C. AO MC'IC3HOBaHMfI CHHCM oKpacKM npM np06c Ha MOJJ:
(rrpHMCpHO B TCqCHMC 2-2,5 'I). ITOrryqCHHblM 3aTop OT)!(MMaIOT 'ICpC3 rro-
JIOTHO, 'lT06bl OCB060.TJ;MTb OT AP06HHbl, pa31IHBaIOT no Kon6aM Ii CTCpH-
JIM3)'lOT B aBTOKnaBC npH 1 aTM B TCqCHMC 5 MHH.
I1.rrOTHOCTb conoJJ: Boro cycna onpcJJ:cnmoT rro caxapoMcTpy npM
TCMncpaTYpc cYCJIa +20 C.
II.nfl npMroToBncHIDl conOAOBoro cycna, npCAHa3Ha'ICHHOrO AM
BblpaI.l{HBaHIDl MOJIO'IHOKMCnbIX 6aKTcpMM, MCXOAHOC conOJJ:OBOC CYCJIO
pa36aBMlOT BOAOnpOBOAHOM BOAOM AO nJIornOCTH 12% C.B., pa3JIM-
BaIOT no Kon6aM MOO np06MpKaM H CTCPlUIM3YIOT npM 1 aTM B TC'ICHMC
5 MHH.
ConoJJ:oBoc cycno AM BblpaI.l{MBaHIDl qMCTblX KYJIbTYP APO)!()!(CM
nOnytIaIOT nYTcM pa36aBnCHIDl MCXOAHoro cYCJIa (npCABapHTcnbHO npo-
4>liJIbrpOBaHHOro 'ICpC3 BaTY) BOAOnpOBOAHOM BOJJ:OM ]1,0 nJIornOCTH 8%
C.B. ITOJI}"ICHH)'lO CPCAY pa3nMBalOT rro Kon6aM M np06MpKaM M CTCpM-
JIli3yrOT npH 1 aTM B TCqCHMC 5 MHH.
_ II.mI xpaHcHIDl M paccbIllKM APo)!()!(cii npMMcHmoT cycno-arap, KOTO-
pbIH npHroToBIDllOT H3 npoqmmTpoBaHHoro COJIOAOBoro cycJIa ID10THO-
CTblO 8% C.B. nyTCM }..(06aBncHIDl 2% arapa. PaCIDIaBnCHHaJI cpCAa pa3JIM-
BaCTCfI no np0611pKaM M CTCpWII13YCTCfI npM 1 aTM 5 MHH.
3. XpaHeHHe M paccbIllKa MOJIO'IHOKHCJThIX 6aKTepJill M Apo)!O!(eu
1bICTbIC KynbTypbI MOJIO'IHOKHCJIblX 6aKTcpHii COXPaHJUoT B np06Mp-
Kax C conoJJ:o bIM cycnoM rrnOTHOCTbIO 12% C.B. C McnOM npH +4°C MJIM
"PM KOMHaTHOM reMllcparypc.
n p II M C 'I a H II e. npll BblBCACHlIlI 3aKBaCOK C Hc60nbIIJofi MaCCbI HaKOnJ1C-
HlIe '1l1CTbIX KynbTYP MOnO'IHOKlICnblX 6aKTcplIH npoBoAHT AO 06:bCMa 100 MJI.
Ap0)l()I(cfi -)10 50 Mfl.
466
16"
467
4. XapaKTepHCTIiKa, TIOPR.!J.OK XpaHeHHH
H npHMeHeHHH cyxoro naKTo6aKTepHHa
roIH npnI"OTOBJICHJUI XJIC6HhIX 3aJ(BaCOK (a.c. 730334)
lIPHnO)[{EHHE 9
HHCTPYKIJ;HJI
no nPELJ,ynPE)K,[lEHHIO KAPTOcIJEnbHOH EonE3HH xnEEA
CYXOM naKT06aKTepHH npC)];CTaBJIHCT C060M 06e3BO)KCHHbIC MCTO)];OM
JIH0<pHmi3alUlli 'lHCTble KYJIbTypbl MOnO'IHOKMCJIbIX 6aKTcpHM. I1MeeT Blf)J;
MenKonopHcTblX Ta6JIeTOK KpeMoBoro BeTa H CO)];ep)KHT B I )];03e (1 r)
)];0 10 MJIP)]; )KHBbIX 6aKTepHaJIbHbIX KnCTOK.
CYXOM nlilKT06aKTepHH BbmycKaeTcH Tpex Blf)J;OB:
)];JIJJ: rYCTbIX xne6HbIX 3aKBaCOK H3 CMeCM llITaMMOB L.plantarum-63,
L.brevis-5, L.brevis-78;
)];nH )J(H)];KHX xnc6HblX 3aKBaCOK M3 CMCCH IlITaMMOB L.brcvis-l, L.ca-
sei-26, L.p1antarum-30, L.fermcnti-34. 3TOT )Ke naKT06aKTcpHH MO)KeT HC-
nonb30BaTbCH )];JIJJ: npHrOTOBneHJUI Me30<pHJIbHbIX KOH eHTpMpoBaHHbIX
(BbICoKoKMcnoTHbIX) P)KaHbIX H nIllCHH'IHbIX 3aKBacoK;
WIH TCpM0<pIDIbHhIX xnC6HhIX 3aKBacOI< H3 IllTaMMa L.delbrueckii-76.
IIpC,lJ,Ha3Ha'lCi{ )];JIH 3aKBaIillIDaHJUI 3aBapKM rrpH TeMnepaType 50-55 0 C
npH Bblpa60TKe 3aBapHbIX COpTOB xnc6a HJIH WIH nonyqeHtIH 3aKBaIllCH-
HOII 3aBapKH )];JIH )KH)];KHX )];PO)j()f(CH.
Blf)J; naKT06m<TCpMHa M CpOK ero rO)];HOCTM YK33aHbl Ha 3TMKCTKC <p na -
KOHa M KapToHHoro <PYTnHpa.
CYXOM naKT06aKTcpHH MMceT CpOK rO,lJ,HOCTM )];0 12 MCC npM xpaHC-
HUM B 6bITOBOM XOnO)];MnbHMKC npM +4 0 C.
TIpH BbIBC)];eHIDI 3aKBaCOK C <pnaKOHOB C CYXMM JIaKT06aKTepHHOM
CHMMalOT MeTannJItICCKMC KOnna'lKH H OTKpbIBalOT pC3HHOBblC rrp06KM.
B Ka)KJJ:blH <pnaKOH, CO)];CP)K3ll{l!H no O)];HOM )];03C cyxoro naKT06aK-
TepHHa, BHOCHT no 10 MJI BO)];OnpOBO)];HOM BO)];bI C TCMnepaTYl?oM +40 0 C
M Bbl)];ep)KHBaIOT 10 MHH B BOMHOM 6aHc C TCMncpaTypoM +40 C }1,JIH Ha-
6yxaHMH 6m<TCpManbHbIx KnCTOK.
Bo.D:HyIO cycncH3MlO JIaKT06aKTCpmIa Mcnonb3YlOT )];JIH BbIBC)];CHMH
3aKBaCOK no pa3BO)];0'IHOMY rnu<ny, KaK )'Ka3aHO B rnaBC II.
IIpMMCHCHMC naKT06aKTcpHHa ynpo acT, YCKOPHCT M 06ncr'lacT Bbl-
BC)];CHMC 3aKBaCOK no pa3BO)];0'IHOMY IUIKny, cnoc06cTByeT 60nce IllHpO-
KOMY pacnpocTpaHcHillO B npoMbIllincHHocTH nporpcccMBHbIX TeXHono-
rM'lCCKHX npo cccOB npHrOTOBJIeHJUI xJIe605YJIO'IHbIX M3)];Cmm C npMMc-
HCHMCM 3aKBaCOK Ha 'lMCTbIX KynbTypax MOJIO'IHOKI'ICJIbIX 6aKTcpMM.
IIpOMblIlDICHHOC npOH3BO)];CTBO cyxoro naKT06aKTcpHHa )];nH xnc6-
HbIX 3aKBaCOK (TY 18-7-8-82) OpraHM30BaHo Ha TIpe)];npJUITMM no TIpO-
M3BO)];CTBy 6m<TCpMfurbIX H BMPYCHbIX TIpCnapaTOB fOpbKoBcKoro HI1I1
3nlf)J;CMHOnOrMH M MMKp06MonorMH MRH3)];paBa PC<I>CP no TeXHOnOrM'lC-
CKOMy pcrrraMcHTY N° 181-82.
3aHBKM Ha CYXOM naKT06aKTcpHH WIH BCCX Blf)J;OB xnC6HblX 3aKBa-
COK HanpaBJIHTb B JIcHRHrpa.,rJ:cKMM <pIDIMan BHl1I1XTI no a)];pecy:
196084, r. JIcHRHrpa)];, yn. CMoncHCKaH,)];. 18-a, Tcnc<poH 292-12-55.
HaCTOH 3H MHcTpYK mI onpC)];CnHeT McporrpMHTIDI M KOHTponb 3a
npC)];OTBpa cHMcM KapTo<pcnbHOM 6onc3HM BO BCCX 3BCHbHX OT 3cpHa )];0
xnc6a - rrpM xpaHcHMM M ncpcpa60TKc 3cpHa, BbIpa60TKc M ToproBnc XJIC-
60M.
KapTo<pcnbHan 60nc3Hb BbI3bIBaCTCH pa3BMTMcM B MHKMIllC xJIc6a
cnopo06pa3YIO Mx 6aKTcpMM Bacillus mcscntcricus (KapTo<pcnbHaH na-
JIO'lKa) M Bacillus subti1is (ccHHaH nanO'IKa), pacnpOCTpaHcHHblX B npM-
PO)];C - nOlJBC, B03)];yxe, pacTcHHHX M )];p. EaI<TepMM nOna)];alOT B MYKY npM
pa3Mone 3cpHa, KOTOpOC 3apa)KaCTCH, rnaBHbIM 06pa30M, B npo ccce y60p-
KM, rr03ToMY MyKa BCCr)];a MO)KeT 6blTb 06CcMcHcHa B pa3 M'IHOM CTenc-
HM KapTo<pCJIbHOM naJIOllKoM. YKa3aHHNc )];Ba BH)J,a 6aKTcpMM MMCIOT MHO-
ro 06 cro. 3TO rrO)];BM)K}IbIC npHMblc rranOllKM CO cnopaMM OBaJIbHOM <pop-
MbI, pa3Bl1BalO MMHCH B aHa3p06HbIX ycnoBMHX. Pa3nMlIalOTCH OHM rro xa-
paKTCpy CTpOCHl1H KonOHMM M aKTMBHOCTM <pCpMCHTOB. _
B XJIc6c 'laCTO 06HapY)KMBaIOT 'lMCnO )J(H3HC)];CHTenbHbIX cnop CCHHOM
lIanO'lKIi nO'lTM paBHOC KOnH'ICCTBy crrop KapTo<pcnbHOM nanO'lKM. O,lJ,HaKO,
KapTo<pCJ!bHan 60nC3Hb npOTCKaCT rnaBHbIM 06pa30M 3a C'lCT KynbTYP
KapTo<pcnbHOM naJIO'lKM BCnC)];CTBMC MX 60ncc BblCOKOM rrpOTeOnMTM'lC-
CKOM M aMMnOnMTM'ICCKOM aKTMBHOCTM.
KapTo<pcnbHaH nanO'lKa rrpM 6narOnpMHTHblX YCJIOBMHX 6blCTpO pa3-
MHO)KaCTCH. QnTMManbHblMM ycnOBl:IHMH )];JIH pa3BMTMH CC crrop HBnnCTCH
o _
TCMnepaTypa OKono 40 C, HanH'Il:IC BnarM, nHTaTcnbHOH CPC)];bl, nOH )KCH-
HOM KMCJIOTHOCTM. Ee KnCTKM HC Bbl)];Cp)KHBaIOT HarpcBaHMH )];0 80 C, a
o
crropbl OCTalOTCH )K1I3HCCnoc06HbIMH rrpH 120 C B TC'leHMC 'Iaca, rr03TOMY
6aKTCpJ.:IH BO BpCMH BbmC'lKM norM6aroT, a cnopbl OCTalOTCH )KM3HCCnoc06-
HbIMM. KMCJIaH cpc)];a yrHcTacT pa3BMTMc KapTo<penbHoM nanO'lKM, n03TO-
MY B P)/(aHOM xne6c, 06na)];aro eM BblCOKOM KMcnOTHOCTblO, KapTo<pcnb-
HaH 60nC3Hb BCTpe'laCTCH PC)];KO.
ITO)]; )];CMCTBMCM aKTHBHblX aMHna3 KapTo<pcnbHOM nanO'lKM B XJIc6c
yBcnM'lHBaCTCH KOnM'lCCTBO )];CKCTPHHOB, nplf)J;alO MX MHKMIIIY nMnKOCTb.
ITPO)];YKTbI pacrra)];a 6cnKOB, 06pa3yIO MXCH rro)]; )];CMCTBMCM rrpOTconHTH-
'lCCKHX <pcpMeHTOB KapTo<pcnbHOM nanOllKM, -06na)];aIOT pC3KMM cnCIUI<p M -
'leCKMM 3anaXOM. TaKHM 06pa30M, rrOpa)KCHHbIM KapTo<pcnbHOM 60nC3HblO
xnc6 npM06pCTaeT HCrrpJUITHbIM crrCIUI<pI1'lCCKMM 3anax, HMCCT nMnKMM MH-
KMIll, KOTOpblM npM CMnbHOM nOpa)KCHHH THHCTCH HMTHMH.
Ha pa3MHO)KCHMC KapTO<pcnbHOM nanO'IKH H nOHBJICHMC KapTo<pcnb-
HOM 60nC3HH xne6a OKa3bIBaeT BnMHHMC HapYllleHMC caHHTapHoro M TCX-
HOnOrM'lCCKOrO pC)KHMa xpaHCHMH H ncpcpa60TKM 3cpHa, MyKM, npMro-
TOBneHMH xnc6a M cro xpaHCHHH. B CBH3M C 3TMM 60nbillOC 3Ha'lCHMC MMC-
eT C06nlO)];eHHC Tpe60BaHMM caHHTapHblX npaBMn II TCXHOnOrH'lCCKMX RH-
CTpYKIUIM, )];CMCTByIO HX B 3nCBaTopHOM, MYKOMonbHOM H XJIe60neKap-
HOM rrpOMbIIlDICHHOCTII, a TaK)KC B ToprOBnc. -
468
469
1. MeponpHRTIUI Ha xne60neKapHLIX npeADpHHTIDlX H MeJIL3aBOnax,
1.1. YcnoBluIMH YCKopeHHoro pa3BHTHJI KapTo4>enbHoH nanO'lKIf Ha
3epHe JIBnHeTCf! Bna>KHOCTb 3epHa BMme 20% If TeMnepaTypa 40° C If 60-
nee.
1.2. MeponpIfHTIfJI no Ka'leCTBeHHoH coxpaHHocTII II yrry'lrneHIfIO ca.
HliTapHoro COCTOf!HIIf! napTliH npoAoBonbcTBeHHoH nmemUJ,bI If MYKII npli
xpaHeHIfIf npeA)'cMOTpeHbl AeHcTBymll.\eH "I1HcTpyKLUIeH no xpaHeHluo
npoAOBonbcTBeHHo-KopMoBoro 3epHa, MaCnOCeMf!H, MYKII II Kpynbl",
"IIpaBImaMIf no opraHIf3aL(1IM II BeAeHIIIO TeXHOnOnI'IeCKOrO npoL(ecca
Ha 3neBaTopax", a TaK)j(e "IIpaBlinaMl! opraHII3aLUIIf If BeAeHllf! TeXHO-
nOrIf'leCKOrO npoL(ecca Ha MenbHIIL(ax".
C06nIOAeHIfe KOMlUIeKca Tpe60BaHIIH, npeA)'cMoTpeHHblx 3TOH HOp-
MaTIIBHO-TeXHII'IeCK OH AOKYMeHTaL(I1eH, ra paHTIfpyeT npeAynpe)l()J;eHIIe
aKTIIBHoro pa3BIITIIf! KapTo4>enbHoH nanO'lKII Ha 3epHe II MYKe Ha npeA-
npIlf!TlIf!X CliCTeMbI MHHIIcTepcTBa xne60npoAYKTOB CCCP.
1.3. IImeHII'IHaf! MYKa, Bblpa6aTbIBaeMaH KpynHbIMl! MenbHl!uaMIf,
OCHall.\eHHbIMl! na60paTOpHbIMl! xne60neKapHbIMl! ne'laMII, B neplioA C
1.05 no 1.10, a AM pecny6nIlK CpeAHen A3Ifli If 3aKaBKa3bf!, CeBepHO-
1'0 KaBKa3a If KpbIMa C 1.04 no 1.10, JJ:omKHa nOABepraTbCf! IfccneAOBa-
HlIIO Ha 3apIDKeHHocTb Kapro4>eJIbHOH nano'lKoii nYTeM np06HoH na60pa-
TOpHOH Bbme'IKIf no MeToAIIKe, I13no)j(eHHoH B 27669-88 "MYKa nmeHIf'l-
Haf! xne60neKapHaf!. MeToA np06Hoii na60paTopHou BbIIIe'lKII xne6a".
OnpeAeneHIfe 06ceMeHeHHocTIf MYKII npoIl3BoAHT no Bbme'leHHoMy
xne6y crreAYIOll.\l!M 06pa30M:
xne6 4>OpMOBOii, npmoToBneHHblii B na60paTopHblX ycnoBIDIx, '1e-
pe3 1,5-2 q nocrre Bbme'lKII 3aBOpa'lIlBaIOT B ABOHHOH cnoH '1MCTOH, no-
pIfCTOH (MO)l(}IO ra3eTHOH), BJIa>KHOH 6}'M3.rIl (Arrf! yBna)l(}IeHIIf! 6YMary
onycKaIOT B BOAY II I1CnOnb3ymT ee '1epe3 20-30 C nocne CTeKaHIIf! BOAbI),
nOMell.\aIOT B npeABapliTerrbHo HarpeTblH TepMocTaT C TeMnepaTYPoH
37:!:I°C If OTHocIfTenbHoH Bna>KHOCTbIO B03Ayxa 85:!:2%, I1Jlli: xne6, 3aBep-
HYTblH B ABOUHOH cnoH noplicroH 6YMarIf (MO>KHO ra3eTHoH), Tll.\aTenb-
HO yBna)j(Hf!IOT pYKaMli, CMOqeHHblMII TennOH BOAOH, ynaKoBbIBaIOT B na-
KeT I13 nonIl3TIUleHOBOH nneHKII II nOMell.\aIOT B TepMocTaT npli TeMnepa-
Type 37:!:I°C 6e3 yBrra)j(HeHIIH B03A)'Xa.
IIp06y BbI)J,Cp>KHBaIOT B TepMocTaTe 24 'I.
Qepe3 24 'I Xp8HeHlliI xrre6 pa3pe3aIOT OCTpblM HO)j(OM II npoBepmoT
Hanll'J.lie 3a60neBaHIDI (cneUlI<lm'lecKIIll: 3anax, nIInKIfH MflKIIIU).
ITocrre npoBepKli 3apa)j(eHHblii xrre6 If 6YMary C)!(l!raIOT. Ka)!()J.bIH pa3
no OKOH'IaHlili I1CnbITaHHf! HO)j(, TepMocTaT Tll.\aTenbHO npoTIfpalOT 3-5%-HbIM
pacTBopoM yKcycHoii KIfcnOTbI II BbICyurHBaIOT.
1.4. Pe3ynbTaTbI I1CCneAOBaHliH MYKII 3anIlCbIBaIOT B cneLUIanbHbm
)j(ypHarr If B Ka'leCTBeHHoe YAocToBepeHlie Ifnii AOK)'MeHT, era 3aMeHH-
IOll.\IIll, C YKa3aHlieM pe3ynbTaToB npoBepKII MyKII Ha 3apa)j(eHHocTb Kap-
TO<penbHoii nanO'lKOH B cJIeAymll.\eH <pOpMyJIIIpOBKe:
He BbIflBJIeHa 3apa)j(eHHOCTb KapTo<penbHOH nano'lKoii '1epe3 24 'I;
BbUlBJIeHa 3apa)j(eHHocTb Ka pTo<penbHoH nanO'IKOH '1epe3 24 'I.
1.5. ITOKa3aTenb "Tf!ryqeH" 60ne3HIf XJIe6a He f!BJIf!eTCf! 6paKepa)j(-
HbIM AnH MyKII.
1.6. MYKa, 3apa)j(eHHaH KapTo<peJIbHOH nano'lKoii, nOAne>KHT HeMeA-
neHHoH pearrli3aLUIli.
1.7. B cJIYlIae Bblf!BneHIIH 3a60neBaHliH xne6a npII I1CnbITaHIIIf no
n. 1.4. npOIl3BOD:f!T TLQaTenbHYIO O'lIlCTKY MeCT 3aJIeraHliR MYKII B KOM-
M}'Hl!KaUIIHX Menb3aBOAa.
!{nR npeAOTBpall.\eHIfR KapTo<penbHoH 60ne3HII He06xoAIfMO npoBeAe-
HIfe onpeAeneHHblx MeponpIIHTIIii BO Bcex 3BeHbRX OT 3epHa AO xne6a
npIf xp HeHIIli II nepepa60TKe 3epHa, Bblpa60TKe II ToproBne xne60M.
2. MepOnpllil'fUH Ha xne60neKapHbix npeAnpIfJITHHX
2.1. B cnY'Iae BbIRBneHliH 3apa)j(eHHocTli MyKIf KapTo4>enbHoH nano'l-
KOH He06xoJ],liMO nOCTaBIITb B If3BeCTHOCTb rocYAapcTBeHHbIH HaA30p If
IfHcneKL(I11O no Ka'leCTBY npoAOBOJIbCTBeHHblx TOBapoB.
MYKY nmeHIf'IHYW C BbIflBneHHoii 'Iepe3 24 q 3apa)l(eHHOCTbIO KapTo-
4>enbHoH nanO'lKOH peKOMeHAyeTcH npeIfMYLQeCTBeHHo IfCnonb30BaTb:
COPTOBYIO - AnR Bblpa60TKII 6apaHO'IHbIX H cyxapHblx H3AeJIllH, ne-
'IeHbR, npRHIIKoB If MenKomTy'IHbIX I13AeJIIIll MaccoH 0,2 Kr H MeHee;
nIIIeHII'IH)'IO II copTa - AJIf! Bblpa60TKIf p)l(aHO-nmeHII'lHbIX COpTOB
xne6a (opnoBcKIIll, cnaBHHcKIIH xJIe6 II AP.) ;
060HHYlO - B Blf)J;e npliMecIf npli Bblpa60TKe p)l(aHo-rnueHII'lHOrO,
YKpaIlHcKoro xne6a II Ap.
2.2. B neplioA C 1.05 no 1.10, a AlIf! pecrry6nIlK CpeAHeu A3IfIl, II 3a-
i<aBKa3bR, CeBepHoro KaBKa3a II KpbIMa C 1.04 no 1.10 B na60paTopHHx
xne60neKapHbIx npeAnpliRTliH AOn)l(eH npoBOAIITbCf! KOHTponb YCTOH'lI!-
BOCTIf XJIe6a K KapTo<penbHoii 60lIe3HH nYTeM TepMocTaTlipoBaHliR npoIf3-
BOACTBeHHoro 06pa3ua 'Iepe3 1,5-2 'I nocne Bbme'lKII no MeTO)J,llKe, I13-
nO)l(eHHOH B nYHKTe 1.3.
2.3. IIpli He06xoAliMOCTII IfcnOlIb30BaHliH MYKII C BbIflBneHHoH 3apa-
)I(eHHOCTbIO KapTo4>enbHoH nanO'lKOH AlIH BbIpa60TKII xne6a II xne606y-
nO'lHbIX li3AelIliH cneAyeT npliMeHRTb clIeAYIOll.\I1e MeponpIfRTliR.
2.3.1. BbIpa6aTbIBaTb xne6 C KlicnOTHOCTblO, nOBbIIlleHHoH Ha 1 rpa)];.
cBepx npeAycMOTpeHHoH cTaH;J:apTOM HOpMbI, AlIR '1ero npIfMeHRTb pa3-
nIl'IHble nOAKIfCnf!IOll.\lie KOMnOHeHTbI:
BbI6po)l(eHHbIe nony<pa6pHKaTbI (onapa, TeCTO) C KIIcnOTHOCTblO 4-
6 rpM B Konli'leCTBe 5-10% K Macce MyKII;
Me30<plinbHbIe 3aKBaCKli C KlicnOTHOCTbIO 18-22 rpaA, npliroToBneH-
HbIe I13 'IliCTbIX KynbTyp LJermenti-27, B KOnIf'leCTBe 4-6% K Macce MYKII
471
470
("TeXHOJIOrH'leCKaH HHCTPYKI.Um no npHrOTOBnemnQ MOnO'lllOKHCnOM 3a-
KBaCKH Me3o<plUIbHblX 6aKTepHH H npHMeHeHHe ee B TeCTOBeAeHHH WIH
npeAOTBpaIl{eHHH KapTo<penbHOH 60JIe3HH xne6a", YTBep)j(,[\eHHaH Ynpxne-
60M MHHIlliIl{enpOMa CCCP) HJIH Ha KYJIbTypax L.fermenti-34, L.casei-26
B KOJIH'IeCTBe 4-6 Kr K Macce MyKH B TeCTe (MTI1IIll);
KOHu;eHTpHpOBaHHble MOJIO'lllOKHCnble 3aKBaCKH C KHcnOTHOCTbIO
16-18 rpaA Ha '1HCTbIX KynbTypax L.plantarum-30 B KOJIH'IeCTBe 4-6%
K Macce MyKH ("TeXHOnOrH'IeCKaH HHCTPYKIJ;HH no npHrOTOBneHHIO TeCTa
H3 mUeHH'llIoii: MYKH YCKopeHHblM cnoc060M C Hcnonb30BaHHeM TeCTO-
MeClUIbHOH MaIilllHbI HHTeHCHBHoro Aeii:CTBHH P3-XTI1", yrBcp)j(,[\eHHaH
Ynpxne60M MIIII CCCP) ;
)!(HA!<He AP0)l()!(H, npE:rOTOBneHHble no paIJ;HOHanbHoii: cxeMe, C KHC-
nOTHOCTbIO 14-16 rpaA B KOmI'IeCTBe 25-30% K Macce MYKH B 3aBHCH-
MOCTH OT cnoc06a npHrOTOBneHHH TeCTa;
crYIl{eHHYIO MOnO'lllyIO CbIBOPOTKY (TY 49/195-73) C KHcnOTHOCTbIO
450-550 o T (45-55 rpaA) B KOnH'IeCTBe 2-5% K Maccc MyKH npH 3aMece
TeCTa;
YKCYCHYIO KHcnOTY (fOCT 61-75) npH 3aMece TeCTa B KOmI'IeCTBe
0,2-0,3% (B nepeC'IeTe Ha 100% KHcnoTY) K Macce MyKH;
YKCycHoKHcnblii: rnHu;epHH (TY 18-2/38.,-80) npH 3aMece TeCTa B KO-
JIH'IeC'fBe 0,4% K Maccc MYKH.
2.3.2. YCKOpHTb oxna)j(,[\eHHe xne6a B KOHTeHHepax H BarOHCTKax ny-
TCM YCMJICHHH BCHTMJIHIJ;Iill (eCl'eCTBeHHoii: H HCKyccTBeHHoii:) .
2.3.3. B nepHoA C 1.05 no 1.10, a B pecny6nHKax CpcAHeH A3HH H 3a-
KaBKa3bH, CCBepHoro KaBKa3a H KpblMa C 1.04 no 1.10 6paK xne6a H
'1epCTBbIH xne6 6e3 npH3HaKoB 3a60neBaHHH KapTo<penbHoii: 60ne3HbIO,
llJIeCeHH, nocTopOHHero 3anaxa H 3arpH3HeHHii: AOJI)I(eH nepepa6aTbIBaTbCH
B BHAe:
MO'IKH (KpoMe H3AcnHii: H3 MyKH nIlIeHH'!HOH I H B/C) , nOAKHCJIeHHoii:
AO 15-20 rpaA YKCYCHOH KHcnoToH B KOnH'IeCTBe 2,5-3% (B nepeC'IeTe
Ha 100% KHCITOTY) K Macce xne6a B MO'IKe HJIH KHcnopearHPYIOIl{HMH
nony<pa6pHKaTaMH - Me30<pMJIbHbIMH, KOHu;eHTpHpoBaHHbIMH (KMK3) ,
TepMo<pMJIbHbIMH H APyrnMH 3aKBaCKaMH C KHCnOTHOCTblO 16-22 rpaA B
KOnH'IeCTBe OKono 20% K Macce xne6a B MO'lKe;
<pepMeHTaTHBHoro nony<pa6pHKaTa ("TeXHOnOrH'IeCKaH HHCTpyKIJ;HH
no npHroToBneHHIO H Hcnonb30BaHHIO <pepMeHTaTHBHoro nony<pa6pHKam
B xne6e" YTBep)j(,[\eHHaH Ynpxne60M MIIIT CCCP) .
EpaK AOJI)I(eH nepepa6aTbIBaTbCH B Te'!eHHe nepBblx CYTOK nocne Bbl-
ne'lKH.
2.4. KaTerOpH'IeCKH 3anpeIl{aeTCH nepepa60TKa xne6a, nOpa)l(eHHOrO
KapTo<penbHoH 60ne3HbIO (Aa)l(e B caMoii: He3Ha'lHTenbHoii: cTeneHH), B cY-
xapHyIO MYKY, KpolliKy H MO'lKY H AanbHeii:IlIee ero Hcnonb30BaHHe B
TeXHOnOrH'IeCKOM npou;ecce.
2.5. Xne6, nOpa)l(eHHbW KapTo<penbHoii: 60ne3HblO, AOJI)I(eH 6bITb He-
MeAneHHO YAaneH H3 npOH3BOACTBa H Bonpoc 06 HCnOJIb30BaHHH ero Ha
KOpM >KliBOTHbIM B Ka)j(,[\OM OTAenbHOM cIT}"Iae AOJI)I(eH peIlIaTbcH opraHa-
MH BeTHaA30pa. Xne6, KOTOpblii: He MO)l(eT 6bITb Hcnonb30BaH WIH KOpMO-
BblX H TeXHH'IeCKHX u;eneii:, nOWIe)!(HT aKTEpOBaHHIO Ii Ylm'lTO)l(eHHIO C)!(H-
raHHeM.
2.6. CaIiHTapHaH 06pa60TKa H AC3HH<peKIJ;HH 060PYAoBaHHH H nOMe-
Il{eHlliI .
2.6.1. ITo OKOH'IaHHlI nepepa60TKlI napTlIE MYKH, xne6 H3 KOTOpOii:
3a60neBaeT KapTo<penbHoii: 60ne3HbIO qepe3 24 'I nocne Bbme'lKlI, CKna,a;-
CKlIe 11 np01l3BOACTBeHHble nOMeIl{eHHH, MeTaITJIlI'IeCKlIe, AepeBHHHble 11
TKaHeBbIe nOBepXHOCTlI 060PYAoBaHlIH, a TaK)I(e TpaHcnopTHble cpeAcTBa
AOn)!(Hbl 6bITb nO)J,BeprHyrbl TIl{aTenbHOH MeXaHlIQeCKoii: O'lHCTKe OT oc-
TaTKOB MYKlI, TeCTa, xne6a, KpollieK C nOMOIl{bIO MeTannHQeCKHX H Ka-
npoHoBblX Il{eTOK B COOTBeTCTBHH C "CaHHTapHbIMH npaBMJIaMH AlliI npeA-
nplliITHH xne60ncKapHoii: npoMblnmeHHocTH". B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT THna
060pYAoBaHHH, cnO)l(}!ocrn caHHTapHoii: 06pa60TKH, KHCJIOTOpearHpYIOIl{HX
CBOii:CTB nony<pa6pHKaToB nOCITe MeXaHH'IeCKOH O'lHCTKH AOnOJlliHTCnb-
HO Hcnonb3yIOTcH Ae3HH<pHIJ;HpyIOIl{He pacTBopbI.
2.6.2. B KaQeCTBe Ae3HH<pHIJ;HpyIOIl{HX npenapaToB IIpHMeHffiOTcH
xnopHaH H3BeCTb HnH yKcycmm KHcnOTa. XnopHaH H3BeCTb HBnHCTCH HaH-
60nee 3<p<peKTHBHbIM Ae3HH<pHIJ;HPYIOIl{J1M npenapaToM. 06pa60TKa 060-
PYAoBaHHH 3%-HbIM pacTBopoM xnopHoii: H3BeCTH B TC'IeHHe 1 Q npHBo-
AMT K rn6enH AO 90% cnop KapTo<penbHoH naJ10'lKH, a npH Hcnonb30Ba-
HHH 3%-Horo pacTBopa YKCYCHoii: KHcnOTbI - 50% )!(H3HeCnoc06HbIX cnop.
06Il{He CBeAeHHH, npHroToBneHHe pacTBopoB, XpaHeHHe H npaBHna
pa60TbI C xnOpHOii: H3BeCTblO H yKCYCHOii: KHcnoToii: npHBeAeHbI HH)I(e.
06Il{aH cxeMa 06pa60TKH 060pYAoBaHlUl xnOpHOH H3BeCTblO BKnlO-
'1aeT HaHeCeHlIe Ha nOBepXHocTb 3%-Horo pacTBopa TeMrrepaTypoii: (55:!:
:!:5° C) H BbIAep)!(HBaHHH ero B TeQeHHe 1 'I C nocneAYIOIl{eii: npoMbIBKOH
MbIJIbHOii: ropH'leii: (200 r X03HHCTBeHHoro MbIJIa Ha 10 n), 3aTeM xonOA-
HOii: BOAoii: AO nOJllioro YAaneHHH xnopHoii: H3BCCTH.
2.6.3. ITo XOAY TeXHOJIOrH'IeCKOrO npou;ecca 06pa60TKY 060PYAoBa-
HHH AC3HH<PHU;HPYIOIl{J1MH paCTBOpaMH npoBoAHT cneAYIOIl{lIM o6pa30M:
3aBapO'lllbIe, 3aKBaCO'lHble H Ap0)l()I(eBble eMKOCTH H3 Hep)l(aBeIOIl{eM
CTamI nocne BbIrpY3KH nony<pa6pHKaToB oCB060)j(,[\a1OT OT OCTaTKOB npo-
A)'KTa cKpe6KoM Ha, WIHHHOii: p}"IKe, npOMbIBalOT AHO H CTCHKH BOAOH
Ii cnYCKaIOT npoMbIBHbIe, BOAbI. B AP0)l()I(CBOM 6aKe npoBepHIOT OTCyr-
CTBHe yrneKHcnoro ra3a no llJIaMeHH CBe'lH (HC AOn)l(}!a racHYTb), nocnc
'Iero npHCTynaIOT K MOHKC BHYTpeHHcii: nOBepXHocTH C nocneAYIOIl{HM
npOTHpaHHeM 3%-HbIM pacTBopoM yKCYCHOH HCnOTl>I
TccTonpmoTOBHTeJIbHbIC arperaTbI H p;e)!(H O'l\fiu;aIOT MeXaHH'IeCKHM
nYTeM H 06pa6aTbIBaIOT 3%-HbIM pacTBopoM xnOpHOH M3BeCTH.
CnycTH 1 'I CMKOCTH TIl{aTeJIbHO OTMbIBalOT OT xnOpHOH H3BeCTH ro-
pH'ICii: H XOJIOAHoii: BOAOiL
472
473
IIpH HaJIH'lliH Ha 3aB0mlX 060pyp;OBamUI, TPYIJ,HO nOp;BCpraCMOrO ca-
HHTapHOH 06pa60TKC (p;C)f(H KOJIbU;CBOrO KOHBci1cpa XJIC603aBOp;a CHCTC-
MbI HH)f(. MapCaKOBa H p;p.), p;OnYCKaCTCH npOrnpaHHC cro BHYTPCHHCH
nOBcpXHOCTH 3%-HbIM paCTBopOM YKCYCHOH KHCJIOTbI;
P;CpCBHHHbIC CTCJIJIa)f(lf H JIOTKH nocnc MeXaHH'lCCKOH O'lHCTKH H 06-
pa60TKH B COOTBeTCTBHH C "CaHHTapHbIMH npaBlfJIaMH" p;OnOJIHHTeJIb-
HO npoTHpaIOT 3%-HbIM pacTBopoM XJIOpHOH H3BeCTH, npoMbmaIOT ropH-
'leH H XOJIOIJ,HOH BOP;OH, a 3aTeM BbITHpaIOT Hacyxo lfJIH BbIcynllmaIOT;
Bce p;BepH, naHeJIH, OKHa, nOJIbI, CTeHbI npOTllpaIOT BJIa)f(HbIMH TpHIl-
KaMH, CMO'leHHbIMH B MbWbHOM paCTBope, 3aTeM npOMbmaIOT 3%-HbIM
paCTBopOM XJIOpHOH H3BeCTH C nOCJIe.o;yIOIl\HM npOMbmaHHeM rOpH'leH
H XOJIOIJ,HOH BOp;OH.
IIocJIe caHHTapHOH 06pa60TKH TeXHOJIOrlflleCKoro 060pYP;OBamm H
nOMell\eHHH B CJIYtJ:ae He06xop;HMOCTH MO)f(eT 6bITb npOBep;eH 6aKTepH-
OJIOrlflleCKHH KOHTpOJIb no MeTop;HKe, H3JIO)f(eHHOH B KOHu;e npHJIO:>KeHHH.
C H3)];aHHeM HaCTOHll\eH IDlCTPYKIJ;HH YTpatJ:HBaIOT ClliI}' "I1HCTPYKIJ;HH
no npe.o;ynpe)l()];eHHIO ..THr}"leH" (KapTo<peJ1bHoii: 60JIe3HH) xJIe6a", yr-
Bep)l()];eHWm fJIaBHbIM [OCYmlPCTBeHHbIM caHHTapHbIM IDlcneKTopOM CCCP
26 HHBapH 1956 r. N° 201-56.
3: McponplliITIDI B TOproBoii: ccrn
nPABH1IA PAEOTbI C XJ10PHOH H3BECTbIO
H YKCYCHOH KHCJ10TOH J1H E3HHcIJEKIJ;HH OEOPY OBAHHH
H nOMEll1EHHH XJ1EEOnEICAPHbIX nPE nPHHTHH
Xnopmur H3BeCTb. Pa3JIHtJ:aIOT XJIOPHYIO H3BeCTb 2-x BHp;OB - KJIaCCa
A H E - cop;ep)f(all\YIO coomeTCTBeHHO 35 H 32% aKrnBHoro xJIopa. AK-
THBHOii: 'laCTbIO XJIOpHOii: H3BeCTH JlBlliIeTCH rHnOXJIOpH;:J; KaJIbIJ;Wl Ca (OCI) 2.
AKTHBHbIM XJIOpOM Ha3bIBaIOT Ome'laIOIl\Ce 3TOMY coeAIDleHHIO KOJIMtJ:eCTBO
XJIopa. C Te'leHHeM BpeMeHH XJIOpHaH H3BeCTb pa3JIaraeTCH H KOJIH'leCTBO
aKTHBHoro XJIopa YMeHbillaeTCH, npH 3TOM nOTepH aKTHBHoro XJIopa KOJIe6-
JIIOTCH B npep;cJIax 1-3% B MeCHU;.
XnopHaH H3Becrb, cO,1J.ep)f(all\aH MeHee 15% aKTHBHoro XJIopa, He npH-
rOIJ,Ha P;JIH p;e3IDl<peKIJ;HlI. D.nH ycraHOBJIeHlliI npHfOJJ;HOCTH XpaHJIll\eii:cH
XJIOpHOii: H3BCCTH CJIe.o;yeT onpCp;eJIHTb B Hcii: cOp;ep)f(aHHe aKTHBHoro XJIopa
no MeTop;HKC, npllBep;eHHoii: Ha CTp. 476_
D.nH npHrOTOBJIeHHH pacTBopoB XJIOpHOii: H3BeCTll ce pa36aBJIHIOT P;C-
cHTlIKpaTHbIM KOJIlflleCTBOM Bop;onpOBOIJ,Hoii: BO)I.bI (1 Kr Ha 10 JI BO)I.bI).
IIOJI}"leHHoe XJIOpHOe MOJIOKO nOMell\aIOT AlliI OTCTaHBaHHH B TeMHOe MeCTO
OT 2 p;o 24 tJ: (He 60JIbIlle) H CJIMBaIOT (p;eKaHrnpYIOT). D.nH npHrOTOBJIeHHH
1 JIHIpa 3%-Horo pa60tJ:ero pacTBopa Hap;o .B3HTb 300 M]I.IO%-Horo OCHOB-
Horo OCBeTJIeHHOrO pacmopa. COp;ep)f(aHlle aKTllBHoro XJIopa B norrytJ:CH-
HOM pacTBope P;OJI)I(I!O 6bITb He HH)I(e 1%. IIpH CHIDKeHHll cOp;ep)l(aHlliI aK-
THBHoro xJIopa B pa60tJ:eM pacmope CJIe.o;yeT yBeJIHtJ:HTb KOJIlflleCTBO cY-
xoii: XJIOpHOH H3BeCTlf (c Y'lCTOM KOJIH'leCTBa aKTHBHOro XJIopa B Heii:)
npH IIpl1rOTOBJICHllH OCHOBHoro paCTBopa.
XnOPHYIO H3BeCTh XpaHJIT B He)f(lfJIOM, 3all\HIl\eHHOM OT COJIHu;a C Y -
o '
XOM, npOXJIaAHOM (TeMnepaTypa HC BbIIlle 20-25 C) H npoBcTpHBaeMoM
nOMell\eHHH B )l(CJIC3HOii: TapC HJIH B nJIorno 3aKpbIToii: Tapc H3 p;cpcBa
llJIH KapToH.L Pa60TbI C XJIOpHOii: H3BCCTbIO npoH3BoP;HT B pCCIlliPaTOPC
H otJ:Kax B CBH3H C BbIp;CJICHHCM xJIopa BO BPCMH npl1rOTOBJICHlliI pacTBo-
pOB.
YKcycHaH KHCJ10Ta. (CH 3 COOH) - 6cc crnaH )f(lf)];KOCTb C pC3KHM
3anaXOM II KHCJIbIM BKYCOM, 06JIap;aCT 6aKTCplfi.U1JJ;HbIMH H 6aKTcpHocTa-
TlfllCCKHMH cBOii:CTBaMH. BbIpa6aThmaCTCH B BHAC 6C3BOJJ;H0ii: YKCYCHoii:
KHCJIOTbJ KOHU;CHTpaIJ;Hll 95-99% ('l.p;.a., XtJ:, X'l-JICMHaH), yKCYCHOll 3C-
CCHIJ;HlI - 80%-Horo BO)J,HOrO pacTBopa KllCJIOTbI, YKcyca - 5%-Horo BOp;-
Horo pacmopa KHCJIOTbI. IIpH npl1rOTOBJICHHH pacTBopa YKCYCHOii: KllCJIO-
TbI Hc06xoP;HMO C06JIIOP;aTb npaBlfJIa no TCXHHKC 6c30nacHocTH, TaK KaK
napbI YKCYCHOii: KHCJIOTbI pa3p;pa)l(aIOT CJIH3llCTbIC 060JIO'll<ll BCpXHHX )I.bI-
XaTCJIbHbIX nyrcii: (npCp;CJIbHO p;onYCTlfMaH Ko cHTpaU;HH napoB B B03.o;y-
xc 0,005% Mr/JI). PacTBopbI C KOHU;CHTP3WIcii: BbJillC 30% BbI3bIBaIOT 0)1(0-
rH. IIpH pa36aBJIeHHH YKCYCHYIO KHCJIOTY Hc06xo)J.HMO JIHTb B BO.o;y. D.nH
3.1. IIOMCIl\CHlliI, npcp;Ha3Ha'lCHHbIC P;JIH npOp;a)l(H H xpaHCHHH XJIC-
6a, P;OJI)f(HbI 6bITb CYXHMH, XOpOliIO BCHTlfJIllPyCMbIMI1.
3.2. PCaJII13aU;I1IO H YKJIap;KY XJIc6a npl1 TpaHcnopTHpoBKC H xpaHc-
HHll CJICP;YCT npoH3BoP;HTb B COOTBCTCTBllll C "IIpaBlfJIaMll p03HH'lH0ii: TOp-
rOBJIH XJIC60M H XJIC6HbIMH 113P;CJIHHMH B ropop;cKOH ToproBoii: CCTH" H
"IIpaBHJIaMH p03HH'IHOii: TOprOBJIH XJIC60M H XJIC6HbIMH H3P;CJIHHMH B
CCTH opraHH3aIJ;HH nOTpc6I1TCJIbCKoii: Kooncpawm".
IIOJIKH, JIOTKll, CTCJUIa)l(H, KOHTCfuIcpbI P;JIH xpaHcHlliI xJIc5a no MC-
pc oCB060:>K,LJ;CHHH CJICp;yeT Tll\aTCJIbHO OtJ:llII.(aTb OT OCTaTKOB M)'Kll II KpO-
IllCK, a 3aTCM Hacyxo npornpaTb.
3.3. B CJIY'!3C 06HapY)I(CHlliI B npou;eccc xpaHcHHH HJIM npop;a)f(lf npll-
3HaKOB 3a60JICBaHHH xrrc6a H XJIC6HbIX H3P;CJIHH KapTo<peJIbHOH 60JIC3HbIO
OHH p;OJI)I(I!bI 6bITb HCMCWICHHO H3'bHTbI ll3 nop;c06Horo nOMCIl\CHHH H
ToproBoro 3aJIa H B YCTaHOBJICHHOM nOpHAKC HanpaBJICHbI Ha KOpM CKOTY
HJIll YHlfllTO)l(CHbI cornaCHO n. 2.5. IIOJIKH, IIIKa<pbI, JIOTKH, KOHTCfuIcPbI,
B KOTOpbIX XpaHlfJIllCb 3a60JICBlllliC XJIc6 H XJIC6HbIC H3p;eJIllH, p;OJI)f(HbI
Tll\aTCJIbHO npoMbIBaTbcH MbIDbHbIM pacTBopoM 11 3aTCM rOpH'lcii: BOp;OH.
4. OmeTCTBeHHOCTh 3a BbillOJIHeHHe
4.1. OTBCTCTBCHHOCTh 3a BbmOJIHCHHC HaCTOHll\cii: I1HCTpYKIJ;Hll B03-
JIaraCTCH Ha ap;MllHllcTpaIJ;HIO 3cpHOXpaHllJIMIl\, MCJIb3aBOp;OB, xJIc60nc-
KapHbIX npCWIpllHTlfii: H npcp;nplliITllii: no TOprOBJIC XJIC60M H XJIC6HbIMH
H3P;CJIMHMll.
474
475
npHrOTOBneHHR Ae3HH<pm:.urpYlOIllerO 3%-HOrO paCTBOpa He06xoAl1MO B3RTb
97 MJI AHCTMJInHpOBaHHoii: BOAbl H A06aBHTb 3 MJI 6e3BOAHOH YKCYCHOii:
KHcnOTbl 95-99%-HoH KOHu;eHTpawIH.
METOAHKA
EAKTEPHOnOrHQECKOrO KOHTPOnH nOBEPXHOCTH
OEOPYAOBAHHH H nOME EHHA
OnpeAeneHHe COAep)Ka.HHH aKTHBHOrO xnopa
B CYXOH xnOpHOH H3BeCTH H B pa6o'lp.x pacTBopax
OnpeoeJleltue cooepJ/CaltWI aKTU8lt020 XflOpa
8 cyxou XflOpHOU U38eCTU
10 r CYXOH XnOpHOH H3BeCTH paCTepeTh B cTynKe C He60nbIillIM KO-
nH'leCTBOM AflCTHMHpOBaHHOH BOAbl, nepeHeCTH, CMbIBaR, 6e3 nOTepb B
nmpOBYlO MepHYlO Kon6y, AOBeCTH AflCrnnnHpOBaHHOH BOAOH AO MeTKH
H TlUaTenbHO nepeMernaTh.
K 50 MJI pacTBopa A06aBHTb 2 r HOAHCToro KanHR, 20 Kanenb KOH-
U;CHTpHpoBaHHoH conRHoH KHcnOTbl mmeTKoii: Ha 1 CM 3 , 5 MJI 1%-Horo pa-
CTBopa KpaxMana (HI-IAHKaTop); )l(I-mK0CTb npH 3TOM oKpaIillIBacTcR B
CllilHH IJ;BeT. TIOny'lCHHYlO CMeCb THTpOBaTh 0,1 H pacTBopoM rHnocynb<pHTa
AO nommro 06eCIJ;Be'IHBaHIDI )l(H)J;KOCTH. OnpeAeneHHe nOBTopRlOT eIlle 2-
3 pa3a H H3 CXOARIllHXCR OTC'leTOB 6epYT cpeAHee.
Bbl'illCJIeHHe: TIpH Bbl'IHCneHHH npe)!()];c Bcero HaxOMT nup pacTBopa
rHnocynb<pHTa no xnopy. EcnH, HanpHMep, HopManblIOcTb 0,1 H Na2 8 2 0 3
pmma 0,79, B 1 Mn pacTBopa ero COACp)l(HTCR 0,79: 1000 rpaMM-3KBHBa-
neHTOB nOH conH, 'lTO COOTBeTcTByeT TaKOM)' )l(e KOnH'lCCTBY rpaMM-3K-
BHBaneHTOB 1 2 H C1 2 . TIocKonbKY )l(e rpaMM-3KBHBaneHT xnopa paBeH ero
rpaMM-aTOMY, T. e. 35, 45 C, MO)!(HO BbI'IHCnHTb THTP
lI.nR 6m<TCpHOnOrHlleCKOro KOHTpOlliI nOBepXHocm oT6HpaIOT npo-
6y nyTCM TIllaTem.Horo npoTHpaHIDI HccneJJ;yeMoH nOBepXHocrn cTepWTh-
HblM B3TH1>IM, cnerKa yBna)!(HeHHblM TaMnOHOM, KOTOpblii: Aanee OTMbl-
BalOT B np06HpKe C 10 Mn cTepHnbHoH BOJJ:onpOBOAHOH BOJJ:hI B Te'leHHe
10 MHH npH BCTpRXHBaHHl-I. OTMblBHYIO )l(1l:jJ,KOCTb BROCRT B 2 llalliKH TIeT-
pH no 1 Mn H 33mmalOT pacTonTIcHHblM H ocry)l(eHHblM AO 40-50° cono-
AOBblM arapoM.
PC3ynbTaThI y'lHTbIBalOT 'ICpe3 24 'I TcpMoCTarnpoBaHlliI npH 37°C.
KOmi'ICCTBO MI1KpOOpraHH3MoB Bbl'IHClliIlOT Ha 1 CM 2 KOHTpOnl1py-
CMOH nOBcpXHoCTH HnH 1 CM 3 06'beMa no <popMyne:
AXB
X=-
L '
0,79X35,45
100
T. e. 1 Mn pacTBopa rHnocynb<pHTa COOTBeTCTBYCT 0,027 r xnopa. Pacc'IH-
TaB Aanee, CKonbKO MliJInMJIHTpOB paCTBopa rHnocynb<pHTa HACT Ha THT-
pOBaHHe BCCii: HaBeCKH (To e. Ha 1000 Mn cycncH3HH) HccneAyeMoH H3Be-
CTH, H YMHO)l(HB nonyqeHHblH 06'beM Na2 8 2 0 3 Ha nup ero no xnopy, Ha-
XOART COAep)l(aHHe xnopa B HaBeCKe B rpaMMax, a 3aTeM B npOU;CHTax
OT B3HTOH HaBeCKH (OT 10 r).
TNa2 03/Cl=
- 0,027,
rAC X -- 'IHcno MHKpoopraHH3MOB Ha 1 CM 2 (HnH Ha 1 CM 3 B cny'lae 06-
pa60TKH AC)I(H);
A - 'IHCnO KonoHHH, BbIpOCIlIHX Ha nHTaTenbHoH cpeAe B 'IaIlIKe;
B - KonWIeCTBO BOAbl, HaxoARIlleKcR B npooHpKe, Mn; .
L _ KOHTponHpyeMaH nOBepXHOCTb B CM 2 IiJIH 06'beM B CM 3 .
TIocne caHHTapHoii: 06pa6OTKH 06ceMeReHHocTb KapTo<penbHoH na-
nn<IKoii: HC AOn)!(Ha npeBbIlllan. AnR 1 CM 2 KORTponHpyeMoH nOBepXHo-
cm - 3. 10 3 IiJIIi AID! 1 CM 3 061>eMa - 3. 10 2 KneTOK.
OnpeoefleHue cooepJ/CaltUfl aKTU8lt020 Xflopa
8 pa60'leM pacTBope
Pa60'IHH pacTBOp, Hcnonb3yeMblii: AnR Ae3HH<peKWIH, rOTOBRT rryTeM
pacTBopeHHR 1 Kr xnopHoH H3BeCTH B 10 n BOAbl H JJ;anbHcii:mero pa36aB-
neHHR AO nonyqeHHR 3%-Horo pacTBopa; 10 MJI pacTBopa nepCHOCRI B Kon6y
Ha 100 Mn H AonHBalOT AO MeTKH BOAOH. Eepyr 10 MJI nonylleHHoro pacTBo-
pa, A06aBlliIlOT 1 r HOAHCToro KamUI, 10 Kanenb KOHU;CHTpHpoBaHHoH conR-
HOH KHcnOTbl mmeTKoH Ha 1 CM 3 H 1 Mn 1%-Horo pacTBopa KpaxMana
(HHAI1KaTop). CMCCb THTPYlOT 0,1 H pacTBopoM rHnocynb<pHTa AO nOnHoro
06CCIJ;Be'IHBamm. TIpou;eHT aKTHBHoro xnopa B AaHHOM pacTBope Bbl'lHCnHlOT
TaK)I(e, KaK B CYXOH xnopHoH H3BeCTH.
477
476
IIPHflO)J(EHHE 10
2.4. II:HpeKTop rrpewrpllilTHR YCTanaBIIHBaeT Kpyr IIH KOTOpbJe HMe.
lOT npaBO p;ellaTb OTMeTKH Ha nponycKaX.
06pa3W>I nop;nHceii :HHX IIHU; C <popMoii npOnYCKa XpaHRTCH Ha KOHT-
pOllbHO-npOXOIJ,HOM n)'HKTe.
2.5. Pa60'me H CJIy)!(all{He npoxop;HT Ha npep;npHHTHH no nOCTOHlffibIM
nponycKaM C <pOToKapTO'IKaMH. II:lliI pa6OTaIOll{HX B CMeHe Ha nponycKe
YKa3bIBaeTcH HOMep 6pHraP;bI.
2.6. 11Hu,a, He HMelOll{He OTHOilleHIDI K pa60Te, He p;OJI)!(HbI Haxop;HTbCH
B u;exe.
2.7. IIocell{eHHe u;eXOB rrocTopoHHHMH mm;aMH p;onycKaeTcH TOllbKO
B cOnpOBO)!()];eHID! aP;MIIHHcTpaTHBHo-TeXHwrecKoro nepcoHana.
2.8. B Hcpa60'Iee BpeMH Bce )];BepH B u;exax P;OIl)!(HbI 6bITb 3aKpbITbI
Ha 3aMOK.
2.9. Ha neKapHHx, rp;e OTCYTCTBYIDT npoXOIJ,HbIe n)'HKTbI H He YCTa-
HOBJIeHbI p;e)!(ypCTBa BaXTepOB, Hap)0KlIaH BXOIJ,HaH )];Bepb o6ecrre'IHBaeTCH
3BYKOBOii CHrHanH3aU;Heii H B npOMe)!(}'TKax Me)!()];y CMeHaMH 6pHrap; P;OIDK-
Ha 6bITb 3aKpbLTa Ha 3aMOK. EpHraAHP (MaCTep), pa6OTalOll{HH B CMeHe,
HBIIHeTCH:
a) OTBeTCTBelffiblM 3a nplfCYTCTBlfe Ha npe)J,lIplfHTlfHX IlOCTOpOHHHX
miU;;
6) xpaHlfTeJIeM KlllO'Ieii OT Bcex BXOIJ,HbIX p;Bepeii Ha npep;nplfHTID!,
KOTopble P;OIl)!(}lbI 6bLTb Ha 3aMKaX.
IIopHP;oK, npeP;ycMOTpeHHblii n)'HKTaMlf 2.1-2.5, Ita 3Tlf neKapHlf
He pacnpOCTpaHHeTCH.
npllMC1IaHlIc. 3aKpbITlIC BCCX BXOAOB, BCAYIUlIX B ueXH npcJJ,npllHTlIH, JJ,on)I(Ho
6bITb oGH3aTeJ1bHO cornacoB8Ho c nO)l(apHO-cTOpO)l(CBOt! oxpaHofi IIpeAlIpllHTlIH.
HHCTPYKIJ;HH
no nPEAOTBPAlQEHHIO nonAAAHHH nocroPoHHHX nPE,AMETOB
B npOAYKIJ;HIO XJ1EEOnEKAPHbIX nPEAnPHHTHH
BceM pa6OTalOll{HM Ha xne60neKapHbix npep;nplfHTlfHX Heo6xop;lfMO
PYKOBOp;cTBOBaTbcH B nOBCeLJ:HeBHOii pa60Te Hlf)!(eCJIeJJ.YlOll{lfMH npaBlf-
JIaMH:
1. 06I.IJ;lIe rrOJIo)!(eHJUI
1. 1. Bce nOMell{eHIDI xne6oneKapHoro npep;npIDITlfH p;OIl)!(Hbl noCTO-
JlHHO cOp;ep)!(aTbCH B 'IHCTOTe.
1.2. B Tennoe BpeMH rop;a Bce OTKpbLTbie npoeMbl p;OIl)!(HbI 6bITb 3a-
il{Hil{eHbI MeTallJIH'IeCKOii ceTKoii OT M)'X.
1.3. 3anpell{aeTCH B npoH3Bop;cTBeHHbIx u;exax, 3Kcnep;HllHHX H CbIpb-
eBbIX CKJIap;ax xne60neKapHbix npe)J,lIpIDITHii:
HOIlleHHe npH ce6e 6YllaBoK, HrOllOK, 6yc, Crrlf'IeK, rranHpoc H p;pyrHx
nOCTopoHHHX npep;MeToB;
KypeHHe;
HaxmK,!];eHHe 6e3 cneU;Op;e)!()];bI HIIH CaHOp;e)!()];bI;
xpaHeHHe Ha pa60'IHX MecTax nocTopoHHHX npep;MeToB 11 npoP;YKTOB
nHTaHHH, a TaK)!(e npHIDITHe nHil{H;
xpaHeHHe CTeKJIHHHoii: nocyp;bI.
Ha npep;np HTHHX p;OJI)!(HO 6bLTb Bbl)J,eJIeHO cnelllfallbHoe MeCTO (KOM-
HaTa HJIH 'IaCTb npoH3Bop;CTBeHHoro nOMeil{eHHH) WIJ! npHHHTHH nHll{H,
060pYP;oBaHHoe CTOJIOM, CTyJIbHMH, llIKa<poM H YMblBanbHHKoM.
3. npHeMKa H XpaHeHHe MyKH H BcrrOMOraTem.HOrO CLIpLH
2. nOpH,IJ;OK npoxop;a Ha TeppHTOpmo H B npoH3BoJ];CTBeHllbIe
eXH npe}J,IlpWlTHH xne6oneKapHoH npoMLIumeHHoCTH
3.1. IIpMeMKa H xpaHeHHe MYKH H BcnOMOraTeJIbHOrO CbIpbH npoH3-
BOP;HTCH B COOTBeTCTBHH C Tpe60BaHHHMH, H3JIO)!(eHHbIMH B p;OKYMeme
"IIpaBlfJIa opraHlf3aU;HH H Bep;eHlliI TCXHOIIOrH'IeCKOrO npou;ecca Ha xJIe60-
neKapHbIx npep;npuHTHHX"'.
3.2. IIpH nocTynneHillf MyKIf B pBaHoii: Tape M)'KY Heo6xop;HMO CKJIa)J;I1-
pOBaTb B OTp;ellbHbliI IIITa6eJIb If He paCXOP;OBaTb P;O Til{aTeJIbHOrO ee aHaJIH3a
na6opaTopHeii:.
3.3. KaTeropwrecKH 3anpeil{aeTCH xpaHeHlfe B M}"lHOM CKllap;e CTeK-
nHlffioii: nocyp;bI.
3.4. CMe'T H OTXOP;bI p;OIl)!(Hbl xpaHHTbCH B OTp;ellbHOM nOMeil{eHID!
OT OCHOBHoro If rrop;c06Horo CblpbH. XpaHeHHe cMeTa H OTXOp;OB B MY'!-
HOM CKJIap;e BOCnpell{aeTcH.
3.5. OTBeTCTBeHHocTb 3a BblIIOJllieHHe npamiJI npHeMKH If xpaHeHIDI
MyKH H CblpbH B03JIaraeTCH Ha 3aBe,l]J'1Oil{HX CKJIap;aMH H KJIap;OBll{HKOB.
3.6. Conb, caxap, P;PO)!()!(H, MaCJIO H p;pyrHe np0P;YKTbI p;On)!(HbI xpa-
HIITbCH B cneU;HanbHbIX CKllap;CKHX nOMeil{eHHHX.
2.1. Bxop; Ha TeppHTopmo xne50neKapHbIx npep;npHHTlfii pa3pewa-
eTCH 'Iepe3 npoxoAHoii n)'HKT TOllbKO no nponycKaM, BbI)J;aHHbIM npep;-
nplliITHeM HnH BbilileCTOHll{eii: opraHH3aU;Heii.
2.2. IIpH BbIAa'Ie pa30Boro nponycKa no pa3peIlleHHID a)J,MIIHHCTpa-
ID! npe)J,lIpHHTlliI Heo6xoAHMO Tpe60BaTb OT noceTHTellH npeiJ.'bHBlleHHH
p;OKyMeHTa, yp;ocTOBepHI0ll{erO IIH'lHOCTb.
IIoceTHTellb npH yxop;e C npep;npHHTHH 06H3aH B03BpaTHTb nponycK
C oTMeTKoii: 0 nOCell{eHlfH.
2.3. B KopeIllKe nponycKa 3anHCbIBaeTCH: <paMHIIHH noceTHTenH, op-
raHH3aU;HH, B KOTOpOii: OH pa6oTaeT, 'IaCbl H MIIHYTbl BbI)J;a'Ilf nponycKa,
'IaCbI H MHH)'TbI yxop;a nOCeTlfTellH.
47(;
479
4. MYKonpoCCHBaTeJ1bHOe OTJJ;eJ1eHHe
pOHHHX npeJJ;MeTOB CTaBHT B H3BeCTHOCTb HaqaJIbHHKa CMeHbl HJm MaCTepa
AJIH npHHHTHH He06xoJJ;HMb1X Mep.
4.11. Pa60'lee MeCTO 3aCbInll{HKa JJ;OJDKHO 6b1Tb opraHH30BaHO TaK,
qT06b1 6bIn cB060JJ;Hblll JJ;ocTyn K CMecHTeroo HJIH 3aBaJIbHoii: HMe.
4.12. Kop06KH rroJJ;6ypaTHblX lllHeKOB JJ;OJDKHbl 6bITb )/(ene3HblMH H
pa3'beMHbIMH, a KperrneHlliI - ynnoTHHIOIl{HMH.
4.13. Bce KpbllllKH lllHeKOB H 6YP21TOB JJ;OJDKHbl 6b1Tb 3aKpbITbi Harny-
xo 6apalllKaMH C Ha)/(HMHbIMH nJI3HKaMH.
4.14. I(oCTyn K CHJIOCaM H TeqKaM, pacnpeJJ;enHTeJIbHblM H ill'naTeJIb-
HblM lllHeKaM, I<OHTpom.HbIM npoceHBaTeJIHM pa3pelllaeTCH He HHaqe KaK
C BeJJ;OMa pa60T310ll{erO y ClUIOCOB HJIH CMeHHoro crrecapH.
4.15. He06xo)J,HMo nOCTOHllim npoH3BoJJ;HTb Tll{aTenbHblii: OCMOTp co-
CTOHHHH ClUIOCOB, TeqeK, pacnpeJJ;eJIHTenbHblx H llHTaTenbHblX lllHeKOB,
KOHTpOJIbHblX npoceHBaTeJIeii: H 6ypaToB. OCMOTp npoH3BoJJ;HT cMellliblii:
CJIeCapb HJIH MeXaHHI< (npH OTCYTCTBlfH ux - 6pHraAHP).
4.16. I(JIH npOCeHB2lHlliI M}'KH JJ;OJI)/(HDI npHMeHHTbCH npOBOJIOqHble
CHTa - N° 2,8-3,5 no rOCT 3924--74.
4.17. CMOTpoBble OKHa Ha TeqKaX C3MOTaCOK If ClUIOCOB, KpblllIKH
pacnpeJJ;eIDITCJIbHblX IllHeKOB H KOHTpOJIbHblX npoCeHBaTeJIeii: JJ;OJI)f(Hbl
6bITb 3aKpbITbI Ha 3a)/(JiMax.
Pa60'illii: y ClUIOCOB 06H3aH CJICJJ;HTb 3a TeM, qT06bl Bce KpbIIllKH OT
CMOTpOBblX OKOH, pacnpeJJ;eJIHTeJIbHblX lllHeKOB H KOHTpOJIbHblX npoce-
HBaTcncii: 6bIJIH 3aKpblTbI.
llpoBcpKa, qHCTKa H peMoHT YKa3aHHoro 060pyp;oBaHlliI npoH3Bo-
nHTCH C BeJJ;OMa 3aBep;}'IOll{ero npoH3BoJJ;CTBOM H pa60qcro y ClUIOCOB.
4.18. llpH 6eCTapHoii: npHeMKe H XpaHeHHH M}'KH He06xoJJ;HMO c06roo-
JJ;aTb CJIcJJ;}'IoIl{He YCJIOBHH:
a) 3anpell{aCTCH npHcyrcTBHe JIHU, HenocpeJJ;CTBeHHO He CBH3aHHbiX
C pa60Toii: 6CCTapHOrO CKJI3JJ;a;
6) npHeMHblC YCTpoii:cTBa B ncpHOJJ; OTCyrCTBlliI pa3rpy)/(alOll{HX M}'-
KOBOJJ;OB JJ;OJI)f(Hbl 6bITb nOCTOHHHO 3aKpblTbl, npHeMHble rH6KHe pyKaBa
y6paHbi B nOMell{eHHe;
B) nepeJJ; nO)J.KnlOqeHHeM M}'KOB03a K npHCMHblM YCTpoii:cTBaM OT-
BeTCTBeHHoe mrn;o 06H3aHO Tll{aTeJIbHO npOH3BeCTH OCMOTp BHyrpeHHero
COJJ;CP)/(aHlliI BblnycKHoro naTpy6Ka MYKOB03a, a TaK)/(e coxpaHHOCTb nnoM6
Ha 3arpY30'lllblX rooKax M}'KOB030B;
r) B03JJ;yuIHble <pHJIbTpbl Ha CHJIOCaX H 6yHKepax JJ;on)f(Hbl 6bITb B HC-
npaBHOM COCTOHHHH H OqHll{aTbCH He MCHee 1 pa3a B CyrKH. Bce JIa3bl H
rooKH Ha 6YHKepax H ClUIOcax JJ;OJI)f(Hbl Han;e)f(HO 3aKpb1BaTbCH. 3anpell{a-
eTCH rranpaBJIeHHe MyKH B npOH3BOJJ;CTBO, MHHYH MarHHTOYJIOBHTeIDI;
JJ;) npe6blBaHHe TeXHH'leCKOrO H peMOHTHoro nepCOHaJla, Bb13b1BaeMO-
ro JJ;JIH JIHKBH}J,aUHH aBapHii: HlIH BeJJ;Yll{ero peMOHTHble pa60Tbl, H Bce npo-
HCllleCTBlliI B ncpHOJJ; CMeHbl JJ;OJI)f(Hb1 <pHI<CHpOBaTbCH OTBeTCTBeHHblM
JIHUOM B CneUHaJIbHO 3aBeJJ;CHHOM )/(ypHaJle c YKa3aHHeM: KTO, B KaKoe
BpeMH H no KaKHM npH'lHHaM nOcell{aJI CKJIan;
3.7. )KHP, COJIb H caxap JJ;OJI)/(Hbl pacxoJJ;oBaTbCH TOJIbKO B pacTBopeH-
HOM H npOUC)/(eHHOM BHp;e.
npllMctlaHlIc. B 1I3ACnllH, rl1C caxap II conb 110 TCXHOnOr1l1leCKOMY npoucccy Hc06-
XOAliMO A0311pOBaTb B CYXOM BlIAC, 1I0CJIC.llHlIC IIpOCClIBaIOTC5I H IIpOllYCKaIOTC5I 1ICpe3
MarHlITbI.
4.1. llepcJJ; 3aCbInKoii: MYKH B 3aBanbHbIe HMbl MellIl<H Hc06xoP;HMO
06MeTaTb cHapY)/(H Il{CTKOii:. Ho)/( roIH pC3KH CIIDIBKH H rucTKa P;OJDKHbl
HaXOJJ;HTbCH Ha uenOqKe lUIH peMHe, 3aKpcnneHHblMH OKono 3aBanbHblX
HM.
4.2. OnOpO)f(HeHHble MCIllKH BbIBOpaqHBalOTCfl HaH3HaHKY H Tll{aTeJIb-
HO BblTpHXHBalOTcH 3a ropnoBHHY.
4.3. llocne 3aCbInKH M}'KH B 3aBanbHYlO HMY umai'aT (l:IllHBKa H 6y-
Ma)/(HaH MapKHpoBKa OT MCIllKOTapbl) YKnap;bIBalOlcH B cnCU;l1anbHble
HIl{HKH.
OCB06mKnCHHe HIl{HI<a OT CIIDIBOI< npoH3BoJJ;HTCH no MCpC ero 3anon-
HeHlliI.
4.4. KaTerOpHqeCKH 3anpell{aeTCH pacxoJJ;oBaTb B npoH3BoJJ;CTBO MY-
KY, nOJJ;McTeHHYlo C nona.
4.5. llpH 06Hapy)/(eHHH B M}'Ke nocTopoHIUIX npeJJ;McToB HaqaJIbHH-
KOM CMCHbl HnH MaCTepoM COCTaBnHeTCH aKT, B KOTOpOM YKa3bIBaeTcH
HOMCp MeJIbHHUbl, napTHH, JJ;aTa Bbl60H H oTnycKa M}'KH.
Ee3 BeJJ;OMa JIa60paTOpHH :na MYKa He MO)/(eT 6bITb nYll{eHa B npo-
H3BOJJ;CTBO.
4.6. llepeJJ; HaqanOM pa60TbI oncpaTOp COBMeCTHO co CMCHHblM cne-
capeM oCMaTpHBaeT CHTa BCCX npoceHBaTenbHbIx arperaToB H npH 06Ha-
p}')KeHHH B HHX JJ;e<peKToB HCMeJJ;JIeHHO npHIIHMaeT Mepbl K YCTpaHeHHlo,
CTaBH B H3BCCTHOCTb MacTepa HIDI HaqaJIbHHKa CMCHbI. Pa60Ta Ha )J,aHHbIX
arperaTax MO)/(eT npoH3BoJJ;HTbCH TonbKO nocne HCnpaBJICHHH JJ;e<peKToB
C pa3pellleHHH MaCTcpa lUIH HaqaJIbHHI<a CMCHbI;
4.7. llpoceHBaTenbHbIii: arpcraT, ClUIOCbI H caMOTaCKH nOCJIC peMOHTa
He Moryr 6bITb nYIl{CHbl B 3KcnnyaTaUHIO 6e3 BCJJ;OMa MaCTepa lUIH Haqanb-
HHKa CMeHbl, KOTOpbIii: BMeCTe C JJ;e)f()'pHbIM MexaHHKOM lUIH cnecapCM
JJ;on)f(Hbl Tll{aTeJIbHO npOBepHTb KaqCCTBO peMOHTa, HcnpaBHOCTb 060py-
JJ;OBaHlliI, OTCYTcTBHe B HeM nOCTopOHHHX npeJJ;MeToB.
4.8. llpH 06Hapy)/(eHHH Il{cncii: B Tpy6ax H ronoBKax HOpHii: npoceHBa-
TeJIbHblX arperaToB ll{eIDI CJIcJJ;yeT HeMeAJIeHHO 3alllnaKJIeBaTb.
4.9. OqHCTKa CHT npoceHBaTeJIbHbIX MaIlillH JJ;OJI)f(Ha npoH3BoJJ;HTbCH
CMeHHbIM cnecapeM 1 pa3 B CYTKH, a Bcex M}'KonpoceHBaTCJIbHblX JIHHHii:
1 pa3 B 10 JJ;Hell no YTBep)f(}J,eHHoM}' rpa<pHI<Y.
4.10. 3aCbInll{HK lUIJI ClUIOCHJlua BO BpCMH CMeHbI npoBepHIOT CXOJJ;bl
OT npoCCHBaTeJIeii: H B cJI}"Iae 06Hapy)/(eHHH 60nbllioro KOnJlqeCTBa nOCTO-
480
481
s. npOH3BOACTBeHHLle eXH
5.13. BO)J,oHanopHYIO BbIIllKY, 6aKH rOpH'leM H xonoWiOM BO)J,bl He06-
XO)J,HMO )J,ep)l(aTL 3aKpblTblMH, KnIO'lH OT nOMemeHHM XpaHHTb Y )J,e)l(YP-
Horo cnecapH H MexaHHK3 33BO)J,a.
5.14. Y TecTo)J,enHTenbHblx MaIIIHH co IIllieKOBblM HarHeTaHHeM, B MO'l-
KonpOTHpO'lHbIX Maunmax, B MYHAIIITYKax )J,on)I(Hbl 6bITb YCTaHoBrreHbl
ceTKH.
5.15. JJepeBHlllIbIe HIWiKH, Hcnorrb3yeMbie )J,nH npoH3Bo)J,cTBeHHblX
uerreM, )J,on)I(Hbl 6bITb H3rOTOBneHbl H3 KrrelO, a He Ha rB03)J,HX.
5.16. Bbl)J,aBaeMblM B nOJIb30BaHHe pa60'lHM MerrKHM HHBeHTapb no)J,-
ne)l(HT yqeTY.
5.17. 3KcKypcaHTaM, nocem3IOmHM npe)J,npIDITHe, 3anpemaeTcH npH-
KacaTbCH K nOJIY<Pa6pHKaTaM H rOToBoM npoA)'KUHH.
e) nocne npoBe)J,eHIDI peMoHT3 H O'illCTKH MYKonpoBo)J,oB, nepeKmo-
'laTerreM, nHTaTeneM, 6YHKepoB H CHnOCOB 06H3aTerrbHo npoH3Bo)J,HTb oc-
MOTp 60py)J:oBaHIDI C TeM, 'lT06bl He ocr3Barrocb B HeM HHCTpYMeHTa,
)J,eTaJleH, meTOK H np.
5.1. KaTerOpH'leCKH 3anpemaeTcH nycKaTb B npoH3Bo)J,CTBO ynaBlIIee
Ha non TeCTO.
5.2. ITo OKOH'l3HHH CMeHbl TeCTOMec 06H3aH npoH3BecTH nOJrnyIO y60p-
KY TecTonpHroToBHTenbHoro arperaTa HIm TeCTOMeClUlbHOM MalillIHbl C
nO)J,KaTHbIMH )J,e)l(aMH.
5.3. CKpe6KH H CMeTKH cne)J,yeT xpaHHTb B cneUHaJlbHO OTBe)J,eHHOM
MeCTe.
HCnOJIb30BaHHe )J,nH y60pKH B npoH3Bo)J,cTBe HenpOIllHTblX BonOCH-
HblX CMeTOK IUIH meTOK 3anpemaeTcH.
5.4. ITpH n cKe nocrre peMoHTa TecTonpHroToBHTenbHblX arperaToB,
OnpoKH)J,bIBaTeneH H )J,eOOTeJIbHbIX M31illIH He06xo)J,HMO oCMaTpHBaTb,
HeT rrH nocTopoHHHX npe)J,MeToB BO Bcex eMKOCTHX. llepBble KYCKH npH
)J,eneHHH TeCTa OTHOCHn. K CaHHTapHOMY 6paKY.
5.5. TeCTo, B03BpameHHoe B 6YHKep C TpaHCnOpTepoB, Ha)J,O nO)J,Bep-
ran. TmaTenbHOMY OCMOTPY.
5.6. lIjm npoBepKH Beca rOTOBblX H3)J,enHH crre)J,yeT npHMeHHTb UH-
<p e p6naTHble BeCbl, a npH OTCYTCTBHH HX - HaCTorrbHble, npH c)J,a'le - npH-
eMe CMeHbl He06xo)J,HMO npOBepHTb HaJlH'lHe rnpb.
5.7, 06H3aTerrbHo oCMaTpHB3Tb ceKUHH <pOpM, OOCTbI H paCCTOe'lHble
AOCKH nepe)J, 3arpY3KoM HX C<p0pMoBaHHbIM TeCTOM B uenHX npe)J,oTBpa-
meHIDI nona)J,aHIDI nocTopoHHHX npe)J,MeToB H Harapa.
5.8. ITpH 06HapY)I(eHHH nocTopoHHero npe)J,MeTa B nOJIY<p a6 pHKaTe
(onape, TeCTe, )l(H)J,KHX )J,pO)l()I(ax) HOO rOToBoM npoA)'KUHH, nOJIYq,a6pH-
KaT H rOTOByro np0)J,YKUHIO 3a)J,ep)l(HB310T H 06 3TOM HeMejJ,JIeHHO co06-
maIOT MacTepy HJIH Ha'laJlbHHKY CMeHbl jJ,JIH npIDlHTIDI Mep.
5.9. ITepe)J, noca.,D;Koii xrre6a He06xo)J,HMO y)J,aJIHTb C nO)J,a OCTaTKH
cropeBlIIeM MYKH H KOpOK.
5.10. MaTepHarr )J)m CMa3bIBaHIDI <pOpM H nHCTOB (npOMbIllIJleHHble
OTXO)J,bI, Mapml H )J,p.) )J,on)l(eH Bbl)J,aBaTbCH Ha'laJlbHHKOM CMeHbl HOO
6pHI'a.,D;HpOM pa60TaIOmeMY Henocpe)J,cTBeHHo Ha Y'laCTKe no)J, pacrmcKY.
5.11. ITpH 06HapY)I(eHHH Ha TeCTe IDITeH CMa30'lHbIX MaTepHarroB Ha)J,O
HeMejJ,JIeHHO CTaBHTb B H3BeCTHOCTb MacTepa, HaqaJIbHHKa CMeHbl H )J,e)l(YP-
Horo crrecapH )J,rrH npHHHTIDI Mep.
5.12. npOH3BO)J,cTBeHHble pa60'ille C 6mnOBbIMH nOBH3KaMH Ha py-
Kax, 3aHHTble Ha pa3)J,errKe, HMelOlWie )J,erro C MYKoii H TeCTOM, He )J,ony-
CK310TCH K pa60Te B uexe H HCnOJIb3YIOTCH Ha nO)J,c06Hb1X pa60T3X.
6. MexaH1fllecKHe MaCTepcKHe
6.1. Mex3HHKY 3aBO)J,a nocrre peMOHTa 060pY)J,oBaHIDI )J,O nycKa ero
B 3KCIIJIyaTaUHIO He06xo)J,HMO npOBepHTb Ka'leCTBO peMoma H OCTaTKH
TeXHH'leCKHX MaTepHarrOB, HH B KoeM crryqae He )J,onycKaH OCTaBrreHIDI
HHCTpYMeHTa H )J,PyrHX H3rrHIIlHHX npe)J,MeTQB B uexax.
6.2. Bo BpeM51 BbInOJllieHIDI MeJIKOrO peMoHTa He06xo)J,HM))' nOJIb30-
RaTbCH nepeHocHoii IllHpMOM, 3 npH KanHTaJIbHOM peMOHTe 3apaHee 06ec-
ne'IHBaTb MeCTO pa60Tbl COOTBeTCTBYIOIWiMH orp3)1()J,eHHHMH.
6.3. XpaHeHHe He06xo)J,HMoro KOMlIJIeKTa HHCTpYMeHToB, CMa30'l-
HblX H 06THpO'lHblX MaTepHarroB pa3peII.IaeTCH TOJIbKO B CneUHaJlbHO OTBe-
)J,eHHOM IllKa<PY no)J, 3aMKOM B KOMHaTe )J,e)l(ypHoro crrecapH.
6.4. Pa36HTble B paMax OKOH CTeKrra crreA)'eT HeMe)J,rrelllIO 3aMeHHTb
HOBbIMH, nocrre 'lero npoH3Bo)J,HTb TmaTerrbHyro y60PKY B npHcyrcTBHH
3aBe)J,Y IO m ero npoH3Bo)J,CTBOM HOO HatJaJIbHHKa CMeHbl.
6.5. JJe)l(ypHblM crrecapHM crre)J,yeT Bbl)J,aBaTb HHcTpYMeHT no)J, pac-
nHcKY.
6.6. 3anpemaeTcH oKpallIHBaTb 060PY)J,oBaHHe H eMKOCTH CBHHUOBbl-
MH 6errlUlaMH, CypHKOM H )J,onycKaTb B ynOTpe6rreHHe JIY)I(eHYIO nocy)J,Y
6e3 aHarrH3a CaH3nH)J,eMCTaHUHH.
6.7. 3rreK'IpOrraMnbl BO Bcex npoH3Bo)J,CTBeHHblX uexax, a TaK)I(e B
3Kcne)J,HUHH H MY'lHbIX CKna.,D;ax )J,OJDKHbl 6bITb B nrra<p0Hax; lIJIa<p0Hbl
)J,orr)I(Hbl 6bITb npoHYMepoBaHbl.
Ha npeAlIpIDITHH )J,on)l(eH 6bITb yqeT 3JIeKTporraMn, nrra<poHoB, Tep-
MOMeTpoB (y ne'leii H B BO)J,HHbIX oa'IKax) H Bcero )J,Pyroro CTeKrrmIHOrO
HHBeHTapH.
Y'leT :meKTporraMn, nrra<p0HoB H np. 3rreKTpoannapaTypbl BeA)'T CMeH-
HbIe 3rreKTpoMoHTepbl, Ha Ka)I()J,blM crryqaij OOJI rraMIIbl HJIH nrra<p(ma co-
CTaBrrHeTCH aKT. TepMoMeTpbl Y'illTbIBaIOTcH H nepe)J,aIOTcH H3 CMeHbl B
cMeHY H3'laJlbHHKaMH CMeH HOO 6pHraJJ.HpaMH C oTMeTKoM B >KYpHaJle yqe-
Ta CTeKrra.
6.8. E)I(eCMeHHo )J,e>KYPHble crrecapH H 3rreKTpoMoHTepbl 06H3aHbl npo-
BepHTb npO'lHOCTb KpenrreHIDI )J,eTaJIeM MallIHH, 60moB, raeK, II.IaM6 BO Bcex
MallIHHax H arperaTax.
481
482
7. J1a6opaTOpIDI
9. YqeT H cOJJ;ep>KaHHe CTeKJIa Ha npoH3BoACTBe
7.1. ITpo1I3BoJJ;cTBeHHaH na60paTOplIH BeJJ;eT Y'JeT Bcero na60paTop-
Horo lIHBeHTapH, nocYJJ;bI II peaKTHBoB.
CTeKJIHHHaH nocYJJ;a, KaK II BeCb HHBeHTapb JJ;nH exoBoM na60paTo-
pID!, BbI,I:\aeTCH CMeHHbIM TeXHonorOM na60paHTaM no):( pacnlIcKY. ITpli
BbI):(a'le TepMoMeTpoB, apeoMeTpoB, D,eHCHMeTpoB YKa3bIBaIOTcH HX HO-
Mepa.
7.2. TepMoMeTpbI ):(J1H H3MepeHHH TeMnepaTypbI TeCTa ):(on)!(HbI 6bITb
B COOTBeTCTBYIOWeM onpaBe.
7.3. Ha npoH3Bo):(cTJleHHbIX yqacTKax 3anpelI..\!leTCH nonb30BaTbCH CTeK-
nHHHoii nocy):(oii.
ITP06bI ):(nH aHanH30B oT6HpaTb TonbKO B He60nbIllYIo MeTannH'IecKyro
nocy):(y.
7.4. ITpli 06HapY)I(eHHH MeTannlI'IeCKHX nplIMeceM cBepx YCTaHOBJIeH-
HbIX HOpM B MyKe, com:!, caxapHoM neCKe, MaKe H npO'leM CbIpbe COCTaB-
nHIOTCH aKTbI H 3TlI np0):(yKTbI B npOH3BO):(CTBO He ):(onycKaIoTcH.
7.5. ClInbHo ):(eMcTByroWHe XHMH'IeCKlIe peaKTHBbI xpaHlITb B 3aKpbI-
TOM IIlKa<py no):( nnoM60M. Ha Bcex peaKTlIBax ):(on)!(HbI 6bITb '1eTKlIe HaD;-
nHClI COD,ep)l(HMoro.
OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a coxpaHHOCTb XHMlI'IeCKHX peaKTHBOB HeceT 3aBe.
):()'IOIltJri! na60paTOpHeii.
7.6. lJ,nH na60paTopHoro KOHTpOJIH 3a Be):(eHHeM TeXHOnOrH'leCKOrO
npouecca BLIJJ;enHeTCH OT):(enLHoe nOMeweHHe B uexax.
7.7. Ha 6HTyro nocy):(y, TepMoMeTpbI, apeoMeTpbI, ):(eHcHMeTpbI II JJ;Py-
roe CTeKJIO B Ka)l()J;OM OT):(enbHOM cn)"lae COCTaBnHeTCH aKT B nplICYTCT-
BID! 3aB ):(YIOwero na60paTOplIeM, Ha'lanbHHI<a CMeH],I Hnii 6pHra!J.Hpa. Ha
OCHonaHIiH aKTa CTeKno YJU:I'ITO)l(aeTCH.
9.1. 3a COCTOHHlIe OKOH B npOH3Bo):(cTBeHHbIx uexax OTBe'laeT 3aBe):(y-
IOIUHii np01I3BO):(CTBOM, B 3Kcne):(lIUHH - Ha'lanbHHK 3Kcne)J,HIJ)i1I, B M)"I-
HOM CKna):(e - 3aBe):(YIOwHii CKna):(OM.
9.2. OKoHHbIe CTeKna OCMaTplIBaIOTCH: Ha'lanbHHKOM CMeHbI, 6pma-
)J;lIpOM, MaCTepoM - Ka)l():(}'10 CMeHY npii 06xo):(e ueXOB: no 3Kcne)J,HIJ)iH -
Ha'lanbHHKOM 3Kcne)J,HD;ill:!, no My<IHOMy CKJIa):(y - CMeHHbIM Kna):(OBIIUI-
KOM. 0 pe3ynbTaTaX oCMoTpa ):(enaeTCH OTMeTKa B KHHre npHeMKlI CMeH
(B oc060ii rpa<pe) .
B uexax He ):(on)!(HO 6bITb pa36HTbIX CTeKon.
9.3. ITpHeMKa 3neKTpoannapaTypbI npoH3Bo):(HTCH e)l(eCMeHHO CMeH-
HbIM 3neKTpoMoHTepoM, a npH OTCYTCTBHH ero - CJIeCapeM C CI;>OTBeTCT-
BYIOWeii OTMeTKoii B >KYpHane.
9.4. BCH CTeKJIHHHaH 3neKTpoocBeTHTeJIbHaH apMaTypa B uexax ):(on)l(-
Ha 6bITb 06ecne'leHa npeJJ;oXpaHHIOIIUlMH YCTpoMCTBaMH. 3anpewaeTcH
nplIMeHeHlIe MapJIl:! HJIl:! '1acToii ceTKH, 3aTeMHHIOweM nOMeweHlIe.
9.5. TepMoMeTpbI, apeoMeTpbI, ):(eHcHMeTpbI, CTeKJUIHHaH nocy):(a H
Becb lIHBeHTapb uexoBoM na60paTOpID! nepe):(aeTcH CMeHHbIMH TeXHonora-
MH C cooTBeTCTBYIOweii OTMeTKoii B CneIJ)ianbHOM >KYpHane.
CTeKno 3neKTpoapMaTypbI ):(on)!(HO HMeTb npHcnoc06JIeHHe H3 npo.
BonOKH, npe):(oxpIDlHIOwee ero OT naD;eHHH.
BCH CTeKnHHHaH apMaTypa, HMeIOWIUICH B uexax, 3anlICbIBaeTCH MeXaJIH-
KOM Mll 3JIeKTpOMOHTepOM B )l(ypHaJII, r):(e per-lICTpHPYIOTCH Bce <paKTbI
3aMeHbI ::iToii apMaTypbI.
10. MecTa YCTaHOBKH MaI'HHTIlOrO 3arpIDKAemui
8. HImeHTapL Ii HHcTpYMeHT
10.1. MarHHTbI ):(on)!(HbI 6bITb YCTaHoBneHbI B D,OCTYIIHbIX ):(J1H OCMOT-
pa MeCTax.
10.2. ITo):('beMHaH ClIna MarHHTOB ):(on)!(Ha 6bITb 8-10 Kr Ha 1 Kr Mar-
HI:!Ta H npOBepHTbCH He pe)l(e O):(Horo pa3a B ):(eKa):(y.
10.3. MarHHTbI 3a'illwaIOTCH Ka)l()J;YIO CMeHY ):(e>KYpHbIM CJIeCapeM Ii
B nplICYTCTBID! CMeHHoro TeXHonora (na60paHTa), c60p C MarHHTOB YK-
naJJ;bIBaeTCH B OC06bIii naKeT H c):(aeTCH B na60paTopmo.
10.4. B 3aBHClIMOCTlI OT xapaKTepa MeTannonpHMeceM, ynoBneHHbIx
MarHHTOM, pa60THHKaMH D,e>KYPHoii rpynnbI COBMeCTHO C Ha'lanbHHKOM
CMeHbI HJIH 6pma):(HpoM nplIHlIMaIoTcH cOOTBeTcTBYIOIIUle MepbI (peMoHT
npoceHBaTeJIbHOrO 060pYJJ;oBaHHH, npeKpaweHHe no):(a'lH MYKH ):(aHHOM
napmH) .
10.5. C60p C MarHHTOB e)l(e):(HeBHO npoBepHeTcH rJIaBHbIM MexaHH-
KOM H 3aBeJJ;YIOIIUlM na60paTopHeii.
8.1. Ha Ka)l()J;OM npe):(nplUlTHH ):(OJI)!(Ha 6bITh YCTaHOBneHa HOMeHKna-
Typa lIHBeHTapH C yKa3aHHeM uexa H MeCTa, r):(e 3TOT lIHBeHTapb ):(on)l(eH
XpaHHTbcH. Becb HHBeHTapb ):(OJI)I(eH COOTBeTCTBeHHO MapKlIpoBaTbcH.
lJ,nH Ka)l()J;oro uexa H pa60'lero MeCTa ):(on)l(eH 6bITb YCTaHoBneH CnH-
COK lIHBeHTapH (cKpe6KlI, CMeTKH, Be):(pa H ):(p.). I1HBeHTapb B cMeHax
):(on)l(eH nepe):(aBaTbcH 1I3 CMeHbI B CMeHY H no Mepe ero 1i3Hoca 3aMeHHTbCH
):(PYrHM.
OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a HaJll:!'IHe H COCTOHHHe pa60'lero HHBeHTapH B03-
naraeTCH Ha 3aBe):()'IOwero npOH3BO):(CTBOM npe):(npllilTlliI.
8.2. CnecapHbIM lIHcTpYMeHT XpaHHTCH B uexe B cneu;HanhHO OTBe):(eH-
HOM MeCTe B )l(eJIe3HOM HIIUlKe no):( 3aMKOM H nepeJJ;aeTcH H3 CMeHbI B
cMeHY.
8.3. TpaHCnOpTlipoBaHHe C'beMHbIX xne6HbIX <pOpM K nenHTeJIbHbIM
MaIlllIHaM ):(OJDKHO npo1i3Bo):(HTbCH B onpoKHHyroM Bune.
484
485
12. nepepa60TKa xne6a
14.3. I1HcTpYKTa)!( npoBOp;HiCJI co BHOBb nocrynalOllU-IMH pa60'lHMH
H nOBTopHbIM HHCTPYKTa)!( co BCeMH pa60TaIOIIUlMH He pe)!(e orolOro pa3a
B rop;.
14.4. ITpM npoBe,I:\emill Bcex BIf)J;OB HHcTpYKTa)!(a ,I:\On)!(eH 6bITb 3aBe-
)]:eH )!(ypHaJI, B KOTOpOM pa60Ta1OIIUlM, nOJIY'IMBllIHM HHcTpYKTa)!(, paclIH-
CbIBaeTCJI 0 nony'leHHH HHcTpYKTa)!(a C oTMeTKoM ,I:\aTbI.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C HaCTOJIll.{eM HHcTPYKlU'leM Ka)!()J:oe npe,I:\rrpHJITHe npH-
MeHMTenbHO K MeCTHbIM ycnoBlliIM ,I:\on)!(}lO pa3pa60TaTb MeporrplliITlliI
B errJIX rrpeP;OTBpall.{eHMH rrorra,JJ;amrn nocTopoHHHX rrpe,I:\MeTOB B npo-
,I:\YKIU'lIO .
11. )J.e3HH4Je , ,I:\e3HHCeK H ,I:\epaTH3arnm
I{e3HHq,eKIU'lH, ,I:\e3MHCeKIU'lH Ii ,I:\epaTH3alU'lJI npOBOP.HTCJI rro 3aBOA)'
peryrrJIpHO pa60THHKaMIi p;e36IOpo.
BCJIKaH ,I:\e3MHq,eKIU'lH eXOB Ii 060pyp;oBaHHJI rrpe,I:\nplliITMH rrpOH3-
BOp;liTCJI nop; Ha6nIO,I:\eHHeM 3aBep;YIOll.{erO npOH3BO,I:\CTBOM H caHMTapHO-
ro Bpa'la. Ha neKapHJIX - no,I:\ Ha6nlO,I:\eHHeM ,I:\MpeKTOpa neKapHIi.
12.1. ITPOP;YKIU'lH, HanpaBnHeMaH B nepepa6oTKY, JJ:on)!(}la Tll.{aTenb-
HO npOBepHTbCH. He p;onycKaeTCJI B nepepa60TKY xne6 C roperrbIMH KOp-
KaMM, rpH3HbIM, nneCHeBeJIbIM, C nOCTopOHHHM 3anaXOM Ii BKJIIO'leHMHMM.
12.2. ITocTynaroll.{aH B nepepa60TKY cyxapHaH MYKa ,I:\OJI)!(}la rrporry-
CKaTbCJI 'lepe3 MarHHTbI.
13. XpaHeHHe rOTOBOH npOA)'KIUm
13.1. fOTOBaJI npO,I:\YKIU'lH JJ:on)!(}la XpaHMTbCJI B 3KCne,I:\MIU'lH B nOT-
Kax MJIM Ha CTerrna)!(ax B COOTBeTCTBHH C npaBHJIaMM xpaHeHMH H nepe-
B03KH xne6a M xJIe606yrrO'lHbIX H3,I:\emrn (faCT 8227-56). nOTKH H non-
KM ,I:\OJI)!(}lbI 6bITb B McrrpaBHoM COCTOHHHH.
13.2. TIpO,I:\YKIU'lH, B03Bpall.{eHHaJI H3 ToproBoM CeTH ('lepCTBbIM xne6
H ,I:\p.), ,I:\OJI)!(}la Tll.{aTeJIbHO npoBepHTbcH. He ,I:\OnYCKaeTCH npHeM xne6a
3arpH3HeHHoro, C nOCTOpOHHHMH BKJI1O'leHHHMM, rrOCTopOHHMM 3anaXOM,
rrJIeCHeBerroro H C ,I:\pyrnMM ,I:\eq,eKTaMH, HCKnIO'laIOIIUlMM B03MO)!(HOCTb
nepepa60TKH xne6a.
13.3. 3a6paKOBaHHaH MJIH B03Bpall.{eHHaJI H3 ToproBoM ceTH npO,I:\YK-
IUUI ,I:\orr)!(}la xpaHHTbcH B cneIJ;HaJIbHO OTBeJJ:eHHOM MeCTe.
14. OTBeTCTBeHHOCTh 3a C06JI1OJJ:eHHe mrcrpYKIUm
14.1. OTBeTcTBeHHocTb 3a C06nIO,I:\eHHe I1HcTPYKIJ;HM B eJIOM no npe,I:\-
npMHTMIO B03JIaraeTCJI Ha JJ:HpeKTopa rrpe,I:\lIpMHTlliI, no }"IacTKaM Ha Ha-
'laJIbHMKOB Y'laCTKoB.
14.2. 06ll.{ee PYKOBO,I:\CTBO OpraHH3aIJ;HeM HHcTpYKTa)!(!l no BbIDOJIHe-
HHIO I1HcTpYKIU'lH M KOHTpOJIIO 3a ero npOBe,I:\eHMeM B03rraraeTCH Ha rJIaB-
Horo HH)!(eHepa npep;nplliITMH, a TaM, r,I:\e ero HeT - Ha ,I:\HpeKTOpa npe,I:\-
rrpHHTHJI.
486
487
llPl1flO){(EHI1E 11
YCTaHOBKa AJIH npm-OTOBJIeHHH 3M}'JIbCHH COCTOHT H3 6a'lKa-CMecHTe-
JIH C MelIIaJIKOH H napoBoii Py6aUIl<OH, 6aKa AJIH 3M}'JIbrHpOBaHHH, Hacoca
C :meKTpO)J,BHraTeJIeM, rH,lJ;p0)J,HlIaMH'leCKOrO BH6paTOpa, HBJIHIOll.\erOCH
OCHOBHOii 'laCTbIO YCTaHoBKH, <pHJIbTpOB, Tpy60npOBO)J,OB, KpaHoB.
B 6a'lOK-CMeCHTeJIb nocTynaeT npe)J,BapnreJIbHo B3BelIIaHHaH nopIUiH
MaCJIa. B napoBYIO J>y6aIIII<Y nO)J,aeTcH nap, nO)J,orpeBaIOll.\HH MaCJIO )J,o
TeMnepaTypbJ 50-60 C, nOCJIe 'lero BKJIIO'laeTCH MelIIaJIKa H B 6a'lOK 3a-
rpy)!(aeTCH <poc<paTH)J,HbIH KOHueHTpaT (<I>K). ilepeMennIBaIIHe Be):(eTCH
)J,O nomtoro pacTBopeHHH KOHueHTpara B MaCJIe. B 6aK AJIH 3M}'JIbrHpOBa-
HHH nO)J,aeTCH BO)J,a nY)!(HOH TeMnepaTypbI B KOJIH'IeCTBe, He06xo)J,HMOM
no peuemype. O)J,HoBpeMeHHo 'lepe3 CHT0-<pHJIbTp H3 6a'lKa-CMeCHTeml
cmIBaeTCH CMeCb <poc<paTH,lJ;HOrO KOHueHTpaTa C MaCJIOM. TaKHM 06pa-
30M npOHCXO)J,HT nepeMelilllBaHHe KOMnOHeHTOB.
B nepHO)J, 3M}'nbrHpOBaHHH YCTaHOBKa pa60raeT no 33MKHyrOM}' UHK-
ny: CMeCb H3 6ar<a HenpepbIBHO nocTyrraeT 'lepe3 <pHnbTp B Hacoc H 3aTeM
no)J, )J,aImeHHeM 0,3-0,5 Mila 'lepe3 rHApo)J,HHaMH'IeCKHH BH6paTop Af A
B TOT )!(e 6ar<. 3M}'nbrHpOBamre Be)J,eTCH B Te'leHHe 30 MHH ()J,o nOJI}"le-
HHH TOHKo)J,HcrrepcHoH 3M}'JIbCHH) npH 06'beMe 3MYJIbrnpOBaHHoH MaCCbI
200-300 JI. ilpHrOTOBJIeHHaH nopIUiH 3M}'nbCmr HaCOCOM nepeKa'llIBaeTCH
B orow H3 oT)J,eJIeHHH eMKOCTH )J,JIH xpaHeHHH 3M}'JIbCmr, OTKY)J,a caMOTe-
KOM nocTyrraeT K MeCTaM pacxo)J,oBaHHH. I(Jur xpaHeHHH rOToBoH 3M}'nb-
cmr MOryT 6bITb HcnOnb30BaHbI '1aHbI )J,p0)!()KeBbIe P3-X'lII:.
He06xo)J,HMbIH 06'beM 'laHa nO)J,C'IHTbIBaeTCH no <p0pM}'JIe:
p.x
V=-
,
p
UHCTPYKIJ;UH
no npUrOTOBJIEHUIO U nPHMEHEHUIO )KUPOBO,lUIbIX 3MYJIbCU"
AJIH CMA3KU XJIEEOnEKAPHbIX ClOPM U JIUCTOB
)l{HPOBO)J,HYIO 3M}'nbCHI{) npHMeIDIIOT AJIH CMa3KH XJIe60neKapHbIX
tPOpM H JIHCTOB B uemiX cOKpall.\eHHH pacxo)J,a paCTHTeJIbHOrO MaCJIa.
Cnoc06 npHrOTOBJIeHHH :>KHpOBO)J,HbIX 3MYJIbCHH AJIH CMa3KH <pOPM,
H: JIHCTOB 3ar<JIIO'laeTCH B MeXaHH'IeCKOM B36HBaHHH CMeCli BO)J,bI, pacTH-
reJIbHOrO MaCJIa (faCT 1129-73 - MaCJIO nO)J,comte'lHoe, faCT 1128-
75 - MaCJIO XJIOnKOBOe, faCT 7825-76 - MaCJIO coeBoe H )J,p.), <poc<p a -
TH,lJ;HOrO KOHI eHTpaTa (<I>K) (faCT 18-227-75).
CocTaB )!(HPOBO)J,HOH 3M}'JIbcmr:
BO)J,a, % ....................... 78-75
PaCTHTenbHOe MaCJIO, % . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15-20
<I>OC<paTH,lJ;HbIii KOHueHTpaT, % ........ 7-5
B 6aK AJIH 3M}'JIbrHpOBaHHH nO)J,3IOT H3 MepHHKa BO)J,y C TeMrrepary-
pOH 40-50° C, a 3aTeM CMeCb MaCJIa H <I>K. 3M}'nbrnpOBaHHe Be)J,yr )J,O no-
JI}"leHHH rOMoreHHoH MaCCbI, n03BOJIHIOll.\eH TpaHcnopTHpoBaTb ee no TPy-
60npoBo)J,Y. ilpo)J,OJDKHTeJIbHOCTb 3M}'nbrnpOBaHHH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT KOH-
CTPYKUHH 3M}'JIbCaTOpa H KOJIH'IeCTBa npHroTOBJIHeMOH 3M}'JIbCmr onpe-
)J,eJIHeTCH OnblTHbIM nyreM H COCTaBJIHeT npHMepHo 10-15 MHH.
fOToBaH 3M}'JIbCHH )J,OJI)!(Ha npe)J,cTaBJIHTb C060H )!(H,!I;KYIO O)J,HOpo)J,-
Hyro Maccy 6eJIoro UBeTa C )!(eJITOBaTbIM OTTeHKOM (no KOHCHCTeHUHH
HarrOMHHaIOll.\yro CJIHBKH) H He paCCJIaHBaTbCH B Te'leHHe 2-x CyrOK.
Ha XJIe60neKapHbIx npe):(npHHTHHX )!(HPOBO)J,HbIe 3M}'JIbCHH MO)!(HO
rOTOBHTb Ha B36HBaJIbHbIX MaIIIHHaX MB-60, rrpH nOMOll.\H npHHY)J,HTeJIb-
HOH peUHpKYJIHUHfI HJIH Ha YCTaHoBKe C rH,lJ;po):(HHaMH'IeCKHM BH6paTo-
pOM.
ArrrraparypHaH cxeMa npHrOTOBJIeHHH )!(HPOBO)J,HbIX 3M}'JIbCHH Ha
YCTaHOBKe C rHApO)J,HHaMH'leCKHM BH6paTopOM npe):(CTaBJIeHa Ha pHC. 17.
i
"'.s I
11!
o
..
!:!
f!j
!J
7
r)J,e: P - pacxo)J, 3MYJIbCHH, Kr/T xJIe6a B CYTKH;
P _ IIJIOTHOCTb 3MYnbCmr onpe)J,eJIHeTCH nyreM B3BeIIIHBaHHH 1 JI Mac-
CbI Ha Becax THrra BHU H )J,pyrHX C ueHOH )J,eJIeHHH 0,005 Kr;
x - K03<P<PHUHeHT HcnOJIb30BaHHH omeMa eMKOCTH 1,2-1,3.
I(nH rpaHCnOpTHpOBaHHH 3M}'JIbCHH B eMKOCTH xpaHeHHH H Ha rrpo-
H3BO)J,CTBO Moryr 6bITb peKoMeH)J,oBaHbI Tpy60rrpoBo)J,bI CTaJIbHbIe, rrOJIH-
3THJIeHOBbIe HJIH H3 opraHH'IeCKOrO CTeKJIa )J,HaMerpoM 25-50 MM faCT
3262-75.
nap
JJ
5
6
BB. lIpOi!3BO.nC'l'BO
,UJIH nO)J,a'lH 3M}'JIbCmr MO)!(HO HCnOJIb30BaTh lIIeCTepeH'IaTbIe, O)J,HO-
rrJIaCTHbIe H ):(pyrHe HaCOCbI.
YCTaHoBKY H BCe Tpy6onpOBO)J,bI He pe)!(e O)J,Horo pa3a B He)J,eJIIO npo-
MbIBaIOT rOpH'leH BO)J,OH HJIH 5%-HbIM CO)J,OBbIM paCTBOpOM.
fH,lJ;pO)J,HHaMHlleCKHH BH6paTOp He06xo)J,lIMO nepHO)J,H'IeCKH npo'IH-
ll.\aTb H perYJIHpOBarb.
3M}'JIbCHIO MO)!(HO npHMeHHTh KaK npH aBTOMaTH'IeCKOH, TaK H npH
P}"lHOH CMa.3Ke <pOpM.
2
PRC. 17. AnnapaTypHali cxeMa npllrOTOBJICHlI5I )I(l!pOBOp;HbIX 3MynbclIil
1 - 6aQOK-cMeCHTem.; 2 - CHTO-4>HJIhTp; 3 - rHAPOgHHaMH'lecKHii: BH6pa-
TOp ArA; 4 - 6aQOK 1J,1IJI :JMym.rHpOBaIIIDI P3-X -31S; 5 - 4JllJIhTp;
6 - Hacoc 1IIcI>-2/2SA (P3-3); 7 - eMKOCTb 1J,1IJI XpaIIeHIDI ro:roBoH :JMYJIb-
CHH P3-X
489
488
ITpH aBTOMaTHtJ:eCKOii CMa3Ke Heo6xo!lJIMO:
06eCne'lHTb MaKCHMaJlbHO B03MO)I(HOe p;aBneHHe Ha mIHHH nOp;atJ:H
3MYnbCHH Ha npOH3BOP;CTBO, p;nH 'lero paCX01Ufblii 6atJ:oK yCTaHoBHTb Ha
BepXHeM 3Ta)!(e npennpIDITIDI;
nO)J,lJ;ep)!QIBaTb naBneHHe Ha B03nyurnOH mIHHH B npep;enax 0,04-
0,05 MIla P;mI C03p;aHIDI paBHoMepHoro <paKena pa36pbl3lliBaHIDI H YCTpa-
HeHIDI nOTepb 3MynbcHH;
npep;ycMoTpeTb Ha 3MYnbcHoHHOH nHlurn YCTaHoBKY peryJIllpOBO'l-
Horo KnanaHa H owwro <plUIbTpa C TOHKOH ceTKoii nJIH o6eCne'leHHH HOp-
MaJIbHOH pa60Tbi <pOpC}'HOK.
PeKOMeH.lJ:yeTcH OP;HH pa3 B Hep;emo npoH3Bop;HTb cMa3KY <pOpM pa-
CTHTenbHblM MaCJIOM.
Ha npoH3BOnCTBe Heo6xop;HMO HMeTb 3anac 3MYJIbCHH, o6eCne'lHBa-
lO ii cMa3KY <pOpM B TetJ:eHHe 1-2 cyr.
OfJIABIIEHHE
BBCACHlIC
P a 3 A e n I. CbIpbe xne60neKapHoro npo1l3BoAcTB3
XapaKTcpllCTlIKa, nplleMKa, xpaJ{eHlie H nO)1rOTOBKa K nYCKY B npo1l3BoACTBO
1.1. MYKa xncGoncKapHan IIIllCHlI'IHa5I H p)l(aJ{aH
1.2. I(pO)l()I(lI . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.3. Conb IIoBapeHHa5I IIlIll(CBaH
1.4. BOAa nliTbeBan
1.5. ConoA p)l(aHOH cyxoil q,CpMCHTlIpOBaHHblii II HCq,CpMeHTHpOBaHHbIfi
1.6. ConoA Jl4MCIIHbli!. .......
1.7. CaxapOCOACp>Kall(lIc npoAYKTbI.
1.8. npOAYKTbI MacnO)l(lIpOBbIe
1.9. JIitucnpoAYKTbI . . . .
1.10. MOnO'IHbIC npo,o;YKTbI
1.1 I. npOAYKTbI IIJlOAOBO-HrOAHbIC
.:--' .
1.12. OPCXH .....
1.13. np5IHOCTlI . . .
1.14. Xnc60IIcKapHbIc ynY'lIIIlITCnll
P a 3 A e n 2. npllroToBneHlIc )!(lIJI,KHX ,o;POJKJKCH .
P a 3 A e n 3. Cnoco6bI nplll"OTOBnellHH TeCTa . . . .
3.1. Cnoco6bl IIpllrOTOBnCHlI5I TeCTa 113 p)l(aHOH MYKlIlI1I3 CMCCH p)l(alioil
II nwcHWlHofi MYKH .............
3.1.1. npHroToBncHlIc TCCTa Ha ryCTOH 3aKBaCKC . . . . . . . . .
3.1.2. npllrOTOBJICHlIC TCCTa Ha )l(H)J;KOi! 3aKBaCKC 003 3aBapKH
490
CTp.
3
4
4
4
9
12
13
13
15
16
18
26
28
33
35
38
43
47
60
60
60
74
491
3.1.3. npllrOTOBneHHC TCCTa Ha )I(l!AKOfi 3aKBaCKe C 3aBapKofi . . . . . . .
3.1.4. npuroToBneHHc TCCTa Ha KOHUCHTpllpoBaHHoH MOn01lHOKlICnOH
3aKBaCKC no nCHliIITpa;:J:cKOil cxeMC . ......... .
3.2. Cnoco6bI IIpllrOTOBncHIUI TCCTa 113 nIlleHlI'UIOil MYKII
3.2.1. npMroToBncHlIc TCCTa onapHbIM CIIoco6oM . . . .
3.2.2. npllroToBneHlIe TCCTa Ha 6onbIIIoH ryCTOH olIapc
3.2.3. npllroTOBncHlIc TeCTa Ha )l(lfAKOll oIlapc . . . . .
3.2.4. npHroToBncHlIe TCCTa 6c30lIapHbIM cIIoc060M . .
3.2.5. npllroToBneHHe TeCTa YCKopeHHbIMlI cnoc06aMli
P a 3 A e n 4. Pa3,lJ;cnKa, paccToHKa, BbmC1IKa . . . . . . . . . . .
P a 3 A C n 5. np01l3BO,lJ;CTBO OT,lJ;CJlbHbIX COpTOB xnc6a II XJIc606yn01lHbIX H3-
,lJ;CnllH............. .............. .......
5.1. npOH3BOACTBO xnc6a H3 p)l(aHOll H CMCCII p)l(aHOH II IIIllCHlI'IHofi
MYKH . . . . . . . . . .
Xnc6 p)l(aHofi npoCToll
Xnc6 P)l(aIlOH 3aBapHoH . .
Xne6 p)l(aHOH 60pOAHHCKlIH
Xnc6 p)l(aHOH MOCKOBCKlifi .
Xne6 p)l(aHO-nillCHlI'IHbIi!: IIpOCTOH .
Xnc6 p)l(aHO-nillcHlI'*!ibIH 3aBapHoH
Xne6 nillCHlI'IHO-p)l(aHOfi npoCToH .
Xnc6 IIlI1CHlI'IHO-pXmHoH 3aBapHoH
Xnc6 p)l(aHofi 113 06j1MpHofi MYKII
Xnc6 YKpallHCI<Hll . . . . .
Xne6 YKpaHHCKuH HOBbIit
Xnc6 opnOBCKlIll . . .
Xne6 IIO,lJ;MOCKQBHbIit
Xnc6 CTonoBbIH .
Xne6 CJIaBilliCKlIH . .
Xne6 nCKJ!eBaHHbIH "BlIPY"
Xne6 P)l(aHOH 113 Ce5IHOH MYKII .
Xnc6 MHHCKlIH
Xnc6 pli)l(cKYlfi
XncG )l(lITHbrH
Xnc6 j1apHllUKlIfi .
Xnc6 CTOJ1H'lHbIfi .
Xne6 pOCClillCKHfi
Xne6 IIeKnCBaHHbIll
5.2. npOH3BOACTBO xnc6a, 6ynO'IHbIX II CJ105HbIX 1I3ACnllH H3 nlI1CHH'IHOH
MYKII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ........
5.2.1.Xnc6 6cnbIfi 113 nillCHlI'IHOH MYKII . . . . . . . . _ .
Xnc6 mnCH1I1IHbIH 113 MYKII BbIClI1Cro, I II II COpTOB .
Xnc6 nlI1CHlI'IHbIH H3 o60ilHofi MYKII
nanmmua YKpallHCKaJl
Kana1l capaToBcKHfi . .
492
CTp.
84
ApHaYT l<liCBCKlIil . .
Kana 11 Y panbcKlIH ..
Xnc6 II 6aTOHbI KpaCHOCeJlbCKlIC
Xnc6 rOp1l1l'mbIU . . . .
Xnc6 AOMalllllllu
Xne6 MOnO'IHbIU
Xne6 nOJ1CCCKHll
Xne6 6enopy CCKlIH
Xnc6 ClITHbIH C 1I3IOMOM
Xnc6 rpa)l(j:\aHcKlIH . . .
Xnc6 roponcKofi .
Xnc6 nopO)j(]IbIfi B ynaKOlJKC
Xnc6 MaTHaKalI1 . . .
Xne6 3a6allKam,CI<lIfi
Xne6 KlI!llllHenCKUil .
Xnc6 CTCIlHOH .
Xnc6 ypanbcKlIfi . . .
EaTOHbI . . . . . . . .
113nCnll5I xJ1c606ynO'IHbIC nnCTeHblC
E Y nKlI ropOACKlIC . . . . .
EYJ1KlI PYCCKlIC KpyrJ1bIC. . . . .
Kana1l1l II ClITH1I1II(1I MOCKOBCKlIC
Eyn01lKH MOnO'IHbIC .
Xne6 paMeHcKlIll. .
Eyn01lKH C MaKOM . .
E y nO'IKlI nCTCKHC . .
Eyno1lKa "OKTHGpCHOK"
Eyno'IKa "Kono60K" . .
PO)l(KlI anTaHCI<lIC . . . . .
113AcnllH xnc606yno<iHbIc McnK01I1TY'lHble .
Eyno'IKa MOCKOBCKaJ1 ..........
113AeJIHH xJ1c606ynO'IHbIC co CIYIlJ,CHlIoi! MOnO'IHOH CbIBOpOTKOil
CaHKlI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EynKa C Mono'IHofi CbillOpOTKOil
113ACJTlI5I xncGo6ynO'IHbIC CJ106HbIC
113AcnllH xnc606ynO'IHbIC CJlOeHbI
P03aII1I1IKlI cnOCHbIe C BapCH:beM. . . . . . . . . . . . .
JUo6mcnLcKlIc 1I3ACJllIH ..
XneG CP;06HbIfi B yrraKoBKe
nCnelI1Ka MaHCKaJl .
E yno'IKa all-HaIl . . . . . . .
I E ynO'IHaJ1 MCnO'lb . . . . . .
PO)l(KlI CA06HbIC II pornllKYI
Eyno1lKa nOBbIlI1CHHOll KanopllilHoCTII
EaTOH1IlIK K 1Ia!O . . .
nCnClI1KlI p)l(aIlbIe . . . . . . .
EynKa 1IepKH30BcKaH . . . . .
I EynKa HpoCnaBCKaJ1 CI106HaJl
ApHayrbI ......... . . .
Xnc6 CP;05HbIfi MailCKHilll 6ynKYI C,lJ;06HbIe MailcKlIe .
92
99
105
102
105
111
112
123
133
133
133
136
138
142
145
146
147
149
150
152
154
156
159
160
162
165
168
169
174
181
182
185
187
190
195
195
197
199
201
203
CTp.
205
2.il.6-.
201
209
210
212
213
214
215
216
218
219
221
223
224
225
227
228
232
234
236
237
239
240
241
242
243
244
246
247
249
250
252
254
255
267
273
275
276
277
278
279-
282
284
286
287
..l.KL
289
290
291
493
5.3. npOH3B0j1CTBO 6apaHO'IHbIX H3AcnHll
5.4. npOlI:3BOA<:TI!0 cyX'apHbIx H3ncnHit
5.4.1. CyxapM apMcikKMC . . . . . . .
5.4.2. Cyxapn c,u;06HbIC I!IllCHWIH!>I
5.5. np01l3BonCTBO COnOMKJI, xnC6HbIx nan01lCK n cyxoro KBaca
P a 3 A e n 6. XpancHlle rDTOBbIX H3iIcnllH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P a 3 A e n 7. MCTpOnOrH1ICCKOC 06CCnC1ICHlIC npo1l3BoAcTBa xnc6a H xne606y-
nO'IHbIX H31IcnHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
npllJI)I(eHlIH
n p H n 0 )I( C H H C 1. npllMCp paC1ICTa TCXIlOnOrll1lCCKOI'O nnaHa npoM 3BO n CT -
Ba xnc6a 113 pxmHon MYKII H CMCCII p)l(aHOH II IIIllCHlI'IHoil MYKH . . . . . .
n p II n 0 )I( C H H C 2. npHMCp paC'leTa TCXHOnOrll'lCCKOrO nnaHa npo1l3BoACT-
Ba xnc6HbIX H3Acmrli H3 nillCHlI'IHOll MYKH. . . . . . . . . . .
n p II n 0 )I( C H H C :'I. npMMCp pactlcTa TcXHOnOrll1lCCKOrO nnaHa np01l3Boj1CT-
Ba CJ106Hb1X nillCHlI'IHbIX cyxapcii . . . . . .. ................
n p II n 0 )I( C H H C 4. TcxHononltlccKYlC PCKoMcHAaWflI no ncpep 60TKC MYKH
C nOHlI)I(CHHbIMII xnc60ncKapHbIMII CBoHCTBaMlI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n p II no )I( C H II C 5. TcxHonorll1lccKMIIHCTPYKWUI no npllMcHcHIIIO ynY'lIIrn-
TcncH IIpll npOIl3B0j1CTBC xnc6a II xnc606ynO'IHbIX 113ACJIIIll1l3 mnCHII'IHOH
MYKII ............ .............
n p II n 0 )I( C H II C 6. TCXHOnOrll1lCCKlIC peKoMCHAaIJ,llll no npllMcHcHIIIO MOn01l-
HOrt CbIBOpOTKlI II CbIBOpOTO'IHbIX KOHucHTpaToB B xnc60ncKapHofi npo-
MbIIlIncHHoCTIi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n p II n 0 )I( C H II C 7. COJJ;cp)l(aHIIC caxapa B paCTBopc C MOnO'IHOll CbIBOpOTKOll
npM pa3J111'IHOH nnOTHOCTIIll TeMIICpaTYpc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n p II n 0 )I( C H II C 8. XapaKTcpMCTIIKa II nopHAoK nOj1rOTOBKH 'IHCTbIX Kynb-
TYP MOn01lHOKHCJlbIX 6aKTCpMil M AP0)l()I(cfi AnH npllroTOBnCHH5I xnc6-
HbIX 3aKBaCOK no pa3BOAO'IHOMY UIIKny . . . . . . : . . .. ........
n p II n 0 )I( C H II C 9. HHCTPYKUIUI no npciIYlIpC)l(JJ:CHIIIO KapTOq,cnbHofi 60nC3-
HII xnc6a .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
n p II no )I( C H II C 10. MHCTpYKUIUI no npcAOTBpall(cHIIIO nonap;aHIUI nocropoH-
HIIX npcj1MCTOB B npoAYKUIIIO xnc60ncKapIIbIx npcAnpmrnill
n p If n 0 )I( C H II C 11. I1HCTPYKUIUI no npnroToBncHIIIO H npHMcHcHIIIO )!(lIPO-
BOAHbIX 3MYJlbCID{ p;JJH CMa3KlI xnc60ncKapHblx q,OpM ...........
CTp.
292
313
314
325
338
345
348
353
386
403
416
424
440
457
OTBeTCTBCHHbIH 3a BbmycK r. n. TapaCOBa
PCAaKTOp 1I3AaTCJThCTBa A. C. Ka/lJllblK06a
TCXHH'lCCKlIC peAaKTopbI r. B. Ee/laeu/la, r. H. raHUl/eea
KOppCKTOp A. B. HUKO/laeea
464
469
478
488
CAaHO B Ha60p 30.08.88
EYM. ra3CTHM
06:bCM 31,0 II. n.
THPaJK 50 000 3K3.
"H/K"
nOAII. B nCqaTb 25.04.89
rapHIl1ypa npeCC-POMaIl
Kp.-OTT. 31,125
3aKa3 TIm. NQ 1116 11311. NQ 1838
cIJOpM. 60 X90 1 / 16
BbICOKa5I ncqaTb
Yq.-H3j1. n. 32,90
IJ;cHa 3 p. 84 K.
113j1aTCJThCTEO II TIIIIOrp:lq,H5I ,,l1pcficKypaHTH3A:rr"
125438, MocKBa, naKray3Hoc moccc, 1