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Crpyxrypa MeroAuqecxoro noco6Hr rrpocra KaJreHAapHafl nocJreAoBareJrbHocrb Meponpnsruri, nlrcrpoeHHbtx B coorBercrBlta c ce3oHHbrMH flBJTeHHflMHnpupoAbr H napaJrJIeJIbHbrMqreHr4eu xuaru.. Buy6

'rpr{ Ka)KAOTOMeCfIIa (ycnoeno qerblpex ue4e.nl) Aaercfl noHeAe"lbHoe
HeAeIrr oTBoAHTCf exeAHeBHbrM
l)ac[peAeJreHr4e MaTepHa.na. Tperlfl
qereHali npnpoAbl u pa6ore c
yqacrKe
ce3oHHblx
Ha
ira6JroAeHHqM
r{aJreHAapeM.
Ba>r<noe Mecro B TexHoJlofun 3aHHMaIor reMbl <<Jleca>>,<<Bo4lt>>'
fro3HaroT HeKOTOpble
Aeru sFraxoMrTcfl c ,'recoM KaK c 3KOCHCTeMOTi,
qolyqanT IIpeACTaBJIeHI4eO 3HaqeHHH .I1eca B
CBfl3r4ee O6urareleti,
CrpOtinaarepuaJlOB.Cblpbq A.ttfl
3TO I4CTOI{HI.{r
)KH3rl4 rleIOBeKa: JIeC yKperrJreHHq SAOpOBbfl,fio"lyH
oTAbtxa
MecTo
6yWaru;
H3fOTOBIeHHA
qeHrzf 3cTeTur{eCKI.{XBneqaT,tesnti. JIeC flpe[OAHoCHT r{eloBeKy cBoll
qe4apH (rpr-r6bI, rroAtr, opexu, JIeKapcrBeHHble rpaBbl)' 14 nosroMy
o
HeM.
aa6oruTbcf
ero,
.nn6uru
3HaTb,
JtoBeK AoJ'llKeH
B slluuue MecflIltt u B Mae pacKpblBaercfl TeMa <<BoAa>>:Aetn
yTOTIHflIOTnpeACTaBJIeHHeO ee CBOI}CTBaX,3Har{eHLIHB }KLl3Ht{ BCeX
>Kl.{BbrxcyulecrB, floJlyqalor 3HaHHfl O BOAHbIX ?Koct{creMax.
,[I,aHHaq TexHoJtofHfl ?KOJIOfuqecKofo BocnHTaHHf o6ecIIeqHBaeT
BCecropoHHge pa-sBHrHepe6euxa. Becl yue6uufi rol coaepueHcrByerctl
uHreJrJIeKr Aeretl: HenpepbIBHo pacuHpfl ercq Kpyro3op' pa3Bl'lBarcrcq
ceHcopr-lKa r.r ua6.nroAaTeJrbHocTb,oHtr yqaTcrr ycTaHaBJrHBaTbcBf3H,
3aBUCr.rMocTu, o6Hapy>rr.rBarb 11pHr{r4Hblr{ c,.leAcTB14q, ficrroJIb3oBaTb
AHaMepKy, MoAe,lIl, cxeMbt; pa3BuBalorctl pa3Hbte $opvtut peqa
,'rof, onhcaHHe. o6lqcuellue, paccKas.
<<flaKourperuaa sa6ora o nuroMuax yrorKa lrpupoAbl, yqacrue e
MOTaKHe
pa3BrjTb
B
rroMofaroT
AOIXKOJTbHHKaX
HOpaMe 4o6pux AeJr>>
parbHbre KaqecTBa, KaK crroco6HocTb coqyBcTBOBaTb, COnepe)KxBaTb,

)

o Apyfux.
sa6orurlcs
pa3Bl]rHe co[pq)KeHo c reM, qro Aerl'l yqarcg BI43crerl{.{ecroe
ecTecTBeHHbrx flpoqBreHHflx 3AOpOBO|O )KI4BOn
nro6nx
KpacoTy
AeTb
fo opraHI,I3Ma I.{ HaCJlaX{AaTbcf elo, noHuMaTb Kpacory npl4poAbl' 3aneqaTJreHHyIOB npott3BeAeHUfx tICKycCTBa( uyS ntre, no93HH, xH BOIIIICH'
rpaoure, npeAMerax [pHKJ]aAHofo xcKyccrBa)' 14 co3AaBarb ee cBoHMH pyKaMll qepe3 pa3Hbte Soprulr l43oAetre,'IbHocru. He ocraercq s
cropone u {r.rsuueiroe pa3Bl'lrl4e pe6euxa: flpaKrur{ecKu n vepee 6eK fioHl{MaHI'lIO 3AOpOBbfl KaK I{eHHOCrl't' KOceAbr AeTH npuo6qarorcfl
ropyro ua4o 6epeub c MaJIblx JIer.
3To
B eaxnrcqeHue cJIe.IIyer orMernTb, qro AaHHafl TexHoJIorHfl
Aereti,
UeJroCTHaflCHCTeMaaKOJIOfI4qeCKofOBocnuTaqkrg 6-7-,reruux
yqpex{AeHHflx
anpo6uponaHHaR B 3KCnepHMeHTaJrbHbIXAOrIrKOJrbHbrX
ypoBeHb
SKoJIO|U[oAHr.{MaeT
Ha
npaKTHKe
pealusarlHfl
Mocxeur. Ee
.reCKori KyJtbTypbt BOCtttITaTeJIq, O6eCne,{llBaeT C.ilBHr B ypOBHe 3KOnoruqeCxoli eo-cnHraHHOCTHAOtxKo,'lbHHKOB.flpl.tiraeueHue TeXHo,'lOfull
BlyMr{HBoro noAxo.4a. He }teHqq ee crepxrpe6yer or Boc[HTarerr
Hr H yqurbleaq ceotl onblr, ypoBeHb pa3Bl'lrhr Aereft, KoHKperHoe
npHpoAHoeoKpyxeHHe,BoctlHTaTeJIbMo>KeTnp[BHecTI'lcBoI]npueMbl
nbAirorrz.{ecxoli pa6orlt, Koropble o6ecneqar uyx<uufi aQQexr B BocfiI4TaHLrVl.U.ereli.

PAEOTA C .qETbMH B CEHTf,SPE

nEPBAt HE.qEnt
kl4er xonanJreKToBaHne
rpynnbr, tr BocrruTareJrbrrocpeAcrBoM Ha6.nrc4euut 3a AeflTeJrbHocrbroAereri unw npu noMoruu c[equaJrbHbrx
sagaunit o[peAerqer ypoBeHb r.tx aKoJrofnqecKoriBocnr{TaHHocrv, xapaKTep orHoureHr.rflAotxKoJrbHr.rxoe
x o6texraM xfieofi [papoAbr, nMeroulHMcq B fpy[ne H Ha ytracTKe AeTCKOTO
CaAa.
BTOPAT HEAEI9

llpo4o,uraercfl onpeAeJreHHeypoBHfl 3KoJ'Ioruqecrori eocnaraHHocra AorxKoJIbHHKoB.
B re.{eHae Bcero ceHTfl6pneocnzrareJrb He ttpuBJreKaerc[equa,rrbHoro BHr4MaHr.rq
Aerei x o6texrau rpyntroBoro yroJrKa npHpoAbt: caM IIoJr14BaeTpacTeHxfl, yxa]Kr.lBaeT3a ]Kr,rBOTHbrMr4
ecru raKoBbre HMerorcn. {e,raer ero o6qsareJrbHonpr,r 4errx. flpra
arou Ha6lrcAaer 3a HHMH14 rroMer{aer B Ar4arHocrfl.recxori TerpaAH,
KTo H3 4erer? lpeAnafaer noMorrlb, KTo frpotBrser r{HTepec,KTo paBHoAyueH K )KHBbrMo6ratarerqM rpy[nbr.
Bo epeua npofyJroK Bocnr4TareJrbyr{r4T4ereri pasn:asarb H Ha3L,tBarb croBal,ru ceoricrea trecKa: cyxofi, e.naxuufi, oqeHb uoxpuri,
cocrot4T HB MeJrKr,rx
recr{HHOK,cbrrrJtercfl,renHTcq, rxelrlrti (caernourrr4 reMHo-Kopr4uueeuli), xopotxo nponycKaer cKBoBr, ce6a BoAy
(ao4a yxo4rlr e necox). Ha cupou [ecKe ocrarorcr cdrreAbr
(or veroBeKa, nrarl, urpyruex), rro HHM Mo)xHo y3Harb, .Kro xoAhJl, qro
npoucxoAuJro, Ha cyxoM rrecKe BMecro cJreAoB ocralorcfl qMKra. flo
MoKpoMy necKy xoAnrb JrerKo
oH yrrJrorHrercx (npu 3roM Ha
rroaotltBeocraorcn necqHHKH),no cyxorrly necKy xoAHTb rpyAHo oH ocbrrraeTcfl,HofH rrpoBa.[HBaroTcfl.
Bocnurare.nb opfaHr.r3yerHfpbr c necKoM: crpor4TeJrbHbre
rro6yx<4aer Aereli AeJrarb HHrepecHbrenocrporixrl, coopy)KeHriq, H3fopoBxoAaMrz,ToHHeJrH,rapaxHufi pa1, cxorHtui
4ra (4oua c oAHr,rM-AByMfl
yqr.{TAeBor{eKAe,'rarb KpacuByro H
ABop n np.), <<ry;lHHapHbre>>
pasuoo6pasHyro<<Bbrrrer{Ky>>,
HcnoJrb3yflee B KaKoM-Jra6ocrcxere. K
HHTepecHbrMrecor{HbIM r,r3AeJIHflM
espoc.nltri IIpr.rBJIeKaerBHr,rMaHHe
acex pe6ar, npocr.tr ax rro6osarbcfl rrocrpoirauu, He pa3pyuarb o6xo4lrrrca 6epe>xHo, ocropo)KHo Hrparb Ha pa3Hbre crc>i<erlr. V.{Hr
4ereta B cTpor,rTeJIbcTBeu3 necKa r,rcfloJrb3oBaTbAonoJrHHTeJIbHbte
rlpeAMerbr (Aoule.{Krl, nar'rorrKa,KaMHr4H rtp.), roKa3brBaer HoBbte
np4eMbr, o6ecne.{uearcurHenpor{Hocrb r4 KaqecrBo nocrpoex. Vuur
Aereri_Aelart pasuoo6pa3Hbreu KaqecrBeHHbre
nocrpofi xa, o6slrpuoart
HX. Oprauusyer KoHKypc Ha Jryquylo nocrporixy, BbrflBJrfler.Bcex
x{eJrarculr4xyqacrBoBarb B KoHKypce, ilpeAJtar-aerAerrrM o6te4uuuruca
no 3-4 qeJroBeKa,au6part u o6cy4arl BMecre, vro 6y4yr crpor.rrb.
8

lla yvacrxe (no g,oronopeHHocrn c ApyrfiMH rpynnaun) pe6ara Moryr
coopy)Karb 3aIyMaHHOe oAHOBpeMeHHO B pa3Hblx [ecoqHl4llax. .[,eru,
HaKoTOp[,le He yqaCTBylOT B KOHKypCe' CTaHoBtlTCfl 3pHTeJIflMu
(ranAalor 3a crpouTeJlbcrBoM. t{epes 25-30
uuu crpolixa 3aKaHqHocMaTplIBaIoT cooppKerlaeTcfl, Boc[I4TaTeJIH H .II.eTHpa3HbIX fpyn[
rrHfl, XBaJrflT aBTOpOB, OTMeqator AocToHHcrBa xax<Aofi nocrpolixn.
V.{acruHxog KoHKypca Hafpax{Aalor (ncena AaIoT He6oJIbuHe npocrble
oAr.rHaKoBbrenoAapxu), rloA xJIonKH pe6ar oHH AeJIalOr Kpyf nor{era.
npoBoAltr c AerbMH ABa Ha6rrcAeHI'Ifl' flepeoe
Bocnurarenb
cyxofo flecKa ua 6enofi a.nu
paccMarpr.rBaHue He6o,'Iluroti ropcrKlt
noKa3arb AerrM, tITo necoK
uepHori 6yrraare. IJ,enl ua6.nloAeHtaf cocror4T H3 orAeJlbHbtx [ecqI,IHoK, bHH MeJIKI4e, TBepAble, HepoBHbIe,
nepeA Kax(nbIM pe6eHxona KJIaAer 6yuapa3Horo IrBera. Bocnurarenb
fy, Aaer Bo3MolKHOcrb paccMaTpHBarb l,t rpofaTb lecoK na oqynu (ecr.ru HMer,orcf Jlynbt, MLIKpocKofI, To oHH HcnoJlb3ylorcr B 3ToM Ha6rto4eur.ru). Bropoe na6.nrc4eHue nocBfqaeTcf cpaBHeHI'IlonecKa H peqHbIX
xauneri. !,eru 6epyr B pyKH KaMHH, paccMarpnBalor I4x, fJIaAsr, cx(HMalor'
ria3brBaror HX cBolicrBa ($opuy, (Ber, rBepAocrl, oco6eHHocrlz rloBepxuocru), cpaBHHBaIor c necKoM, Ha3bIBaIor or,'lnr{Hfl H cxoAcrea. Boc9TO KpOXOTHbIeKaMylIIKH, OHI'I
rrHTaTeJrb loqcHfleT, qTo [ecr{l4HKr4
o6paayrcrcr or rpeHllfl, yAapoB Apyr o Apyra 6ofiblrlux KaMHeli.
Cpaeuunaa lecoK H KaMHH, [eAaror o6paulaer BHuMaHI'le Aerefr
Ha ro, r{To KaMHH pa3Hofo llBera, [pocl]r o6'bflcHl4Tb, nor{eMy [ecqr4HKr{BCe pa3Hble. coo6ulaer, r{To ecTb Mecra, rAe flecoK [otITI'I 6eHa [JIfl)Kax c raKHM rIecKoM fIpHflTHo orAbl"[lui, cserro->xe.ltttli,
IIr'Ifl>KI4KaXyTCfl r{l'ICTblMLl' 3OJIOTbIMH.
XaTb, 3aIOpaTb BbrflcHfler c AerbMH, KoMy necoK Hyx(eH A/lfl )KH3HI'I,
Bocnutarerb
o6urarerefi
ocuarpHBalor
KTO )KI4Ber B necr{aHblx nycrblHflx. !,eru
yroJrKa npupoAbt, o6cyx14arcr, KTo H floqeMy Hyx(4aercs s necre. floc.[e 3aHqrr4fl o 3eMre AerH paccMarpHBalor rno6yc, HaxoAsr nycrblHro Caxapy, o6cyx<4arcr, KTo raM xl4Ber. fle,u,aror Aaer 3aAaHI4e noHCKaTb AOMa KHI-I|U, KapTHHKH O X(I'I3HI'I B tlycTblHe, [pHHecTH HX B
KaK npHcrloco6JleH K
Aercxuri caA, noroM Bce BMecre o6cyx4arcr,
)KH3Hr4B [eCKaX Aep6,rn4, pa3Hble flulepHllbl, qepenaxu' Bocnuratell
foBoprlT c AerbMI,t o pa3HbIX npncnoco6ureJlbHblx oco6eHHocrlx x(uBOTHbIX:CIOCO6HOCTH3arlacaTb IIHTareJIbHble BeulecrBa, noAoJIry 06xoAr.rrbcfl 6es eoAst (eep6nrc.A), cnoco6HocrH B[aAarb B cfiaqKy H nepe)KuAarb caMoe )KapKoe BpeMfl (uepenaxu), o MacKupoBor{HoIi oKpacKe
)KI4BorHblx K [epeABI4)KeHI4Io,3anoA necoK, o flpucfloco6leuHocrn
Kar]brBaHr,rrcI,r Ap.
B oAttotvt I,r3 pa3roBopoB BocttuTareJlb rtpeAJlafaer AerflM no.llyMarb
flpoclir HX o6cyAHTb 3TOT
o ToM, Hy)KeH JIH neCOK JIIOAflM /..jilfl,>r<krglP.u,
Bofrpoc AoMa c poAI4reJIflMI,t. Ha c,re4yrculHfi Aeul npoAod'I)KaeT c,pe6nravu pa3toBop o roM, KaK necoK Hc[oJlb3ylor B crpol{Te,lbcrBe (ero
Ao6asrsrcr B IreMeHr, qro6u norytlarb or{enb KpetrKue, npouuue 6eToHHbre usg,enua), Artl HBroroBileHtfl, creKJIa. Bocnltrare.nb Mo)Ker cKaIIe3arb, qTo B HeKoropblx Mecrax nJlaHerbl HMercTCfl 3OJIOTOHOCHbIe
raKoil [ecoK oqeHb qeHHTCg, elo
cKH C Kpy[KHKaMH 3OJlOTa
9

AoobrBaro-r, TeprreJruBo H AoJrro npoMbrBaror, co6uparcr lro KpyrrnuaM
3od'roro. Bocnzrarelb
cnpauHBaer,
HylKeH ,'il4 rrecoK xy40xullxau.
14
caM orBeqaer: Hyx{eH TeM xyAoxHHKaM' Koropble Aeralor xyAo)KecrBeHHbre Hs4erufl r,r3 cTeKJra, orreHb KpacHByro nocyAy, MaJreHbKHe cTeKJlfHHbre cKyJrbfrrypbr, yKpaueHHfl AJrfl X{eHr{r{u. PaccrasbrBaer o roM,
rrTo B HeKoTopbrx cTpaHax npoBoAaT HacToflulrje KoHKypcbt
AJrfl B3pOC.Ilblx xyAo)KHHKoB-CKyJrbnrOpoB Ha ryr{tuyrc cKy/rbnrypy r43 flecKa.

3aHcr[e.

flnaHera 3eMJlq n onacnocrn!

l l p o r p a M M H o e c o A e px ( a H u e . ! , a T b A e T f l M n p e A c T a B r e H H e
o roM, r{To IIJIaHera3eung 3ro rpoMaAnufi uap. E6rluiaq .{acrr
3eMHor-oruapa noKplrra eoAori oKeaHaMHa MopflMH. Kpolae eoTBepAaf 3eMJIfl Abr, ecTb MaTepHKH Cyua, rAe x(HByT JIr,OAll.
Tarux uare,paKoB HecKorlxo: Aueprzxa, A$para, Aecrpa,ru", Enpona, Asraa, Aurapxru4a. Ha seMHoMuape ecrb ABa florroca: Cen'eplgE'ath
ur lOxuuri.
Ha nlasere 3elarq o6uraer MHoro >Kl4Bbrx
cyuecrB: B oKeaHaxH
Mopflx )KHByr psr6ur u MopcKr4e3BepH, Ha cyue (vrarepurax) pacryr
pacreHar, o6urarcr pa3Hble )KriBorHbte(uaseruuue, BoAHbte,Bo3Aytrruue), x<anyr r'rroAu.BceNl >xaeuM cyulecrtsaM Hy)KHaqncrar BoAa, qHcrafl 3eMJrr, qucrttri Bo3Ayx.
fhauera 3elr,rq ceri.ric B onacHocrr,r:Bo MHorHx Mecrax Bona.
3eM.[fl, BO3AyXCTaJTHrpf3Huuu. Bceu rpyAHo Abrrxarb, r'rroAr.r
H )KHBorHbte 6onem. 9ro6u c[acru Hauy nd'raHery,HaAo c AercrBa rrc6url_npupo4y, a3yqarb ee, [paBuJrluo c sefi o6paularlcl.
M a r e p u a i l . B o . n l u r o r ?i r a a v( r u a p ) r o . t y 6 o r o - u B e r a , 6 e . n u e r o s Ty^pbr^Marepr.{KoB
(uox<uo ucnoJrb3oBarbKoHrypHue xapru), nJraKar
< SOS >>,S.naxox <<
SOS >, 6.ne4no-seleHafl , >KeJrr
afl KpacKu, aBropyr{Kr.rc_qepHbrMr4 KpacHbrMcrepxHflMr.r, npocrofi rapau4au, xlefi.
M e r o 4 u u e c K r { e n p H e M H . 3 a u q r u e n p o B o A H r c ef l { o p r r a ep a c cxasa-6ece4L,IBocluTared'tflc nerbMl,t.
Xoa saHflTtl,1
B o c n A'f a't e.n r,. !era, Mbr cefoAua 6yAerrafoBopHTb o uaruefi
IL'IaHere.fl.naueta, Ha xoropori Mbr c BaMH)Kr4BeM,nagrrsaetcq 3eN,r.[n. Kaxaq x(e oHa Harua 3enanq? Kar< osa BbIIJTTAHT
H3 KocMoca, KofAa Ha Hee cMorprr KocMoHaBTbr,
r'reraourlre B paKere? (Or_
a e r u a e r e r i .)
Haua uraHera - 3ro orponausrri-npeorpovruuriurap. Taxori 6onlruorl, qro Hy>KHO
MHOfO-MHOfO
AUeri, AalKe Mecfl(ee. .{ro6st o6rexarr
ero BoKpyf. !,aearire cAeJ'raeMc BaMH caMoAerbHbli r.no6yc, xoropuri
6yAer raso6pa)Karb 3erra.nro.BosnNaeM6oltruori rony6ori Mflr{ ero
r 6y4er n,'raHera 3ernlrq (eHgcur Malt u craBur ero Ha noacraexv).
LIro xe ecrb Ha Harueri fl,'raHere3erra.nq?
(Ornerrr aereri.)
flpex4e Bcefo Ha 3ena.neecrb ABa rloJrroca.Kax our.r Ha3brBaorca? (Oraeru 4erefi.)
OAraHCeeepHurfi,apyrori lOx<nur?. CeeepHuft cBepxy 3eMHoro ruapa (noxasueaer). IO>xuuri BHH3y.Mor ux o6osHa.{Hrra
rret0

(ro.routurunBF,IIUKaMH
cuHeli, a IOx(6arueuxaun): CenepHufi (eiraecre
c AerbMH npt4KperlJlner.euruxu). 9ro eure
rrsrfi
xpacuoli
ecrb Ha flraHere? (orneru ,qereli.)
3ro Mopq H oKeaHbl.
66rlruaq qacrb 3eMrll rloKpblra eoAoli C.nrru:a.nunpo uux? Mo>xer 6url, euaere, KaK Ha3blBalorcf HeKoropbre Mopfl I,t oreaHu? (Ornerlr 4ereIi.)
Bor noarouy MbI B3rJIIl ro,ry6ori qaer (rony6ofi qser noxox{ Ha
BoAy). Ceri.rac ruap oAHHaKonuIi, xax 6y4ro 3Ta Hfpyuequaq 3eMnq
Bcfl noKpbrra eoAorl. t{ro ecrl eue Ha rIJIaHere3eula, KpoMe Moperi
E oxeanoa? (OrserH aereli.)
- 3ro MaCpe4I'I oKeaHoB ecrr, 6orbtuue ) {acrKa reepAoIl 3eMJIH
repr.rKr.r,cyilra. fl BbIpe3aJIaI{x rI3 6yrr'Iaru, 6y4y aau rloKa3blBaTbI'I
Hasnrearl.-Btt nouoxere MHe [pHKJIeI4rbvx Ha n.IlaHery (rno6yc).
Bor cavlui 6ollruofi MarepHK(Aeuoncrpupyer KoHryp Enpasnn). 3ro
oKeaHoM.3ror uarepux
BMecre Eepona w Azua. OuH He pa3AeJIeHbI
pacnoJro)KeHn cenepuoll qacrll seMHoro uapa, 6nu>xe n CeeepHovty
Bor cle,uytoulnti uarepvK rroJ[ocy. ([era iloMofalor npuxleurl.)
ASpur<h (noxasuaaer). t{ro-uu6yAb 3Haere npo A$praxy? Cluura,ra
npo Hee? (Orreru 4ereri.)
A$pnr<a pacnoJlo)KeHanocepeAuHe3eMHofo uapa, HeMHofo 6JIIIxe x IOxsoMy noJllocy (npux.neHaaer).Tenepr, q BaM troKaxy or{eHb
HHrepecHylo cylxy: Bor raKyrc AJIHHHyIO,cocroqxly0 H3 AByx qacrel'I.
roHroti noJlocKofi, KaK roHKofi ureefi ([oKa-O6e-ouu coeA,r-IHrtorcq
3brBaerAuepuxy). I(ro-Ha6y4l 3Haer, KaK Ha3blBaercr3Tor MarepHKi
(Oreerrt aereli.) Auepura cocrour H3 AByx qacreli: BepxHtlaqacrb
npornOua
Auepuxa.
IO>xHaq
aro Ceaepuan Auepuxa, Hu>rHqfl
or CenepHofo rIoJIIoca.x IO>rHyJracb no BceMy 3eMHoMy Irlapy uouy. PacnoJro)KeHaoHa Ha Apyroli cropoHe 3eMHoro urapa (norasltBaer, 3aTeM BMeCre c AerbMH npHKJIeHBaerKoHTyp). KTo suaet, vro
ecrb Ha noJllocax 3eMHofo urapa? (Oreeru aererl.)
3To caMble xoJloAHbleMecra Ha 3eMHoMuape.
O6a no.nrcca Ha CeeepuoM noJlloce cytutl Her, TaM oKeaH BcerAa noKpbITJIbAaMI'I.
CeeepHuft JIeAosurHIi oKeaH. Ha lOxnola
OH rax H Ha3brBaercfl- MarenoJlloce eule xo,'loAHee,r{eM ua Ceaepuorr'r.Thu ecrb cyrxa
Sror
nlAalr'rupLtK, KOTOpllli us-sa xoJIoAa rolKe rloKpblr Ber{HbIMu
HaIU
Ha
IpIIKJIeHM
efo
Aurapnrn4a.
Ha3brBaercfl
Marepr4K
Aaeatire
nno6yc (noxaslreaer, 3areM BMecre c AerbMI4rIpI'lKJIexBaer).Ocralaro AecrparHq. Cnsluacq nocreAHufi uarepux. On se6o.ttbtxol?.{ro-uH6yAb
(Oreerr'r
Aecrpanurc?
fipo
4ererl.) 3ra cyrua, rar
.[H
6onsuori ocrpoB, oKpylKeHaco Bcex cropoH oKeaHoM(rloKa3blBaer'
3areM BMecre c AerbMI4 npI4KJIeHBaer).Tenepl nocMorpl'lM Ha HauI
noBor.no6yc. Kax nttrlx4l{r 3eMHoti ruap? (BocnnrareJlb MeAJIeHHo
paqr4Baerr.no6yc BoKpyr ocn.) !,eru, qero 6orbxle Ha HaIxeIi [JIaHere 3eNanq: BoAbr r.rJll,tcyua? (Orneru aereft.)
Aa, soArr (oxeauoe u naopefi) HaMHoro 6o.ttltue, ueu cyrun. Kro
>Ke r(uBer B Mopfx l.r oneasax? (orneru aererl.)
A ua cyure )KHBer rro-Ht't6yAl? I(ro xe? (Orneru 4ereri.)
KoHeqso. Ha scex MarepnKax o6nTaer MHoro )KI'IBbIXcyulecrB:
11

pacryr pacreHr.rf, )KHByTKpynHbre H MeJrKHe>Kr.rBorHbre,
nrc4u. Muoro pa3HbrxHapoAoBrrpox(uBaer Ha Bcex MarepaKax. Tollxo oAHa cyura seo6araeMa - Aurapxru4a . l4e-sa cr.rJrbHofoxoJroAaraM He pacTyr pacreHufl, Ju.oAH
Toxe He Moryr )KHTbrrocroqHr{o.Tonlxo HeKoropbre
)KHBorHbIeo6HTaror e npr.r6pe>rHbrxBoAax oKeaHa. 06 arorr,tMbr rroroBopr,rMe 4pyrorl paa. A cefiqac HaAo 3aKoHrrHTL,
H3foroB.rreHIierJro6yca. Ecru Mopfl 14oKeaHbry Hac ro,ry6bre, To cytxy HaAo ro)Ke pacKpacHTb.Tau, rAe oHa noKpbrra flocroflHHocHeroM, ocraBHMee 6e.nori.
floxaxare, KaKafl cytua ocraHercq 6enofi. ([eru noxasunarcr.)
[a, Anrapxrr.rAa, ex,(e ceBepHafl vacrt Auepuru, Eeponu, Asnu.
BesAe, rAe He cJraurKoMxoJroAHoH He c.nuruKoM>KapKo,pacrer MHofo 3eJreHbrxpacreuuri, _no3roMy6o.nluyro qacrb cytxu saxpacnna6le4Ho-3eJIeHbrM
uBeroM: ncrc Eopony rz Asuro, Aecrpa.nun, ,{acrl Ceeepuori u IOx<Hori Auepuxu. ([eru r]oMorar,orsaxpauruears.)
B cpe4uerl rracru 3eMHoro trrapa (eocnurarenb rroKa3brBaertuupoxuh norc 3KBaropa) conceu He raK, KaK Ha rroJrrocax.Tyr oveHl
xapKo xpyr,ruri roA. Kro 3Haer: n ASpraxe )KapKo HJrr.rxoJroAHo?(Oroeru 4ereri.)
'Tarr,I
oqeul x(apKo. B Aopuxe MHoro nycrbrHb, fioKpbrrbrxrrecKoM,
Her BoAbr,pacreuuti vralo. fl,aearire 66.nlruyrc qacrb A$praxn 3aKpacHM x{eJrrbrM r{BeroM. IOr CeeepHofi Anaepuxr.rroxe Becb B frycrbrHqx. Bor renepb uaru rno6yc floryr]r4rcfl pa3Hor-(BerHtru.
Mlr 3HaeM,
rAe no,'rrccaHa 3eMHoMuape, rAe MaTepr4Kr4
(cyua), a fAe BoAa oKea.HbrH Mopfl. (Bce paccrraarpaBarorr,ro6yc n lrc6yrcrcn urr,t.)
A rAe x(e Ha 3eMHoMrlrape )KHBeMMbr c ealaa? l4e uaru naarepr.rK,rAe Ha HeM Mecro, Koropoe QaHHMaeruaru ropo4? Kax HasnBaercq uaru ropo4? (Oreerlr aereri.)
Kax uaslreaercfl Haua crpaHa, Haue rocyAapcreo? (Oreeru 4ereri. )
fl noxax<y BaM, rAe HaxoAr.rrcflPoccus. (lloxasueaer u o6no4ar
rpauraqy.) Haue rocyAapcrBo pacloJro)r(eHoBor Ha
Poccuq aroM Marepuxe (Enpona u Asua). Haua crpaHa 6onluras H 3aHr{Maer MHofo Mecra Ha mo6yce. Kro suaer, KaK Ha3brBaercflr,tasHlrri
ropo4 Poccuu? (Oreeru 4ereri.)
flpaeu.nlHo, Mocxoa. Cuorpure, rAe oHa HaxoAurcfl. f sAect uapt4cyro KpacHyro 3Be3!,orrKyH Hanuruy: <<Mocrsa>>.A ra,e )Ke HaxoropoA, B KoropoM Mtr xuseM? (Bocnurare.rr
AHrcfl Hau ropoA pucyer KpylKoK H nHrrer Ha3BaHr{eropo4a.) Tenept Bbr 3Haere, r{To
TaKoe 3eMHoli uap, fAe Ha HeM HaxoAHTcflHatua crpaHa Poccas n
rAe pacnoJlox{eHHau po4Hoir fopoA.
Cefiqac fl cKa)Ky BaM o caMoM fJraBHoMHa[ra n,rasera 3euJIfl B oracHocru. Ha Heri ruHoro 6o.nlulrx uecr. 3ro noryr{Hrocb noToMy, rrro JrroAr4nocrponJrr-rMHoro 3aBoAoB, Sa6pux, anerrpocraurlHr)i
pa3Hbrx BHAoB. Or erux trpeAnpr.rflrr.li aarprsHtercfl Bo3IIyx ero
3arpfl3Hflror AbrM, Koropbrri BbrxoAr4rus rpy6 B He6o, ra3br or Maruuu. OrxoAbr 3aBoAoBcJ'rvBarorcrB peKH, Mopq H 3afpfl3Hrror t4x,
ueSrr r,r3TaHKepoB Bo BpeMs aBap:'z'la.
lpoJraBaercfl B BoAy uopefi u
oKeaHoB.Thr sarpasHflercs Halra 3euls. Or groro 3afpfl3Heuus ru612

Hyr )KHBorHbIe, pacreHuq, 6o,'Ielor JIIo.II,H.Dr6Her rlpl4poAa. Haura nlaHera B onacHocrl4! Oua rpe6yer roMoura. Bu auaere cl4rHaJI 6eAcrSOS (noxasutraer nlaxar).
eaa? (Oreeru
4erefi.) fl'saM cKa)Ky
IIoJIIoce rno6yca ycHa
CeeepuoM
3ro npaslre o noMourn. !,anarire
raHoBr.rM S.naxox c cr4fHaJIoM SOS. Mu c BaMH 6yaeu 3Harb, qro
rtoMolllb, ee HaAo clracarb o6u-(HMlI yclllr4fll.lLl
uraHere rpe6yercn
( nprarpennner {.na>xox).
noKan x<e Mbr c BaMH Mo)KeM noMor{b uaureli n.nanere? 9ro6u
NAO'{beri, HaAo Hayr{l4rlcq ,rrc6arb ilpHpoAy, rlo6l'{Tb ee c AercTBa.
[oHHMarb, KaK )KHByr Bce x{HBbte cyurecrBa: nrnubl, )Kyr{Hay.rurlca
KH, 3Bepr,r, IrBeroqKH, TpaBHHKH. 3rult ganuvtalorcq JIIoAI4, Koropble
XoSKOJIO|I4.
Bce BMecre Ha3brBanrcr 3KoJIoraMLI. lloeropure
THTe crarb Ma,rreHbKHMH3Ko,ronaMI,I?(Ornern
4ereft.)
Tor4a nau c BaMH 6yaevr qt{Tarb oAHy KHIlfy, oHa Ha3blBaercs <<3xoEe c[eul4aJlbHo A.IIfl Bac
Jrornfl B KaprhHKax>). Bor oHa (norasunaer).
Tauacafiuyx. Mu 6yAeu ee
Hanr.rcar rrucare,'rb Buranuh Haroraea['{
qr.rrarb He cIIeuIa, no oAHoMy paccKa3y, pucoBarb pl'lcyHKl'r' Eure 6yAeM AeJrarb 4o6pue 4e.na. K KoHIly foAa, KofAa Mbl tlpor.lreM Bclo KHHry, Bbr craHere MareHbKLrMH 3KoJIofaMI,t, 6yAere Apyrux yvurl ,nn6url
H noHnMarb npupoAy. Ha c,reAyrcureM 3aHflTHl'{ Mbl HaqHeM qararb
KHH)KKy. lno6yc uana 6yAer Hy)KeH, qro6lt r'lyque floHrrb xur'r>xry. flpo
r.no6yc MHe eule xor{ercr cKa3arb Bor r{To. Ha Haru r.no6yc cefiqac
HaHeceHo coBceM HeMHoro: HaAnucallbl Ha3BaHHflBcex MaTepllxoe, o6MocKea L Halu
BeAeHo Hauie focyAapcrBo, orMer{eHbl ABa ropoAa
pa3Hblx
erpaH a fopofopoA. Ha cauoltt AeJIe Ha'cyure oqeHb MHoro
re ropoHa
ruo6yce
o6osnaqart
Mbr
6yaerr,t
3axorure,
Ecrr.r
Bbr
AoB.
Aa H CTpaHbr, KOTOpbIeBbl 3HaeTe, KoTopble Bbl Ha3oBeTe. loJIbKo Mbl
6y4erra o6o3Ha.{arb 6o.nrruue ropoAa, a AepeBHH, troce,'lKl'l ne 6yAernl.
Osu ue yMecrflTcfl Ha Ha[reM r,ro6yce. loeopa trpo fopoA, crpaHy HJIH
MOpe, Bbr AoJI)KHbluro-uu6yAl npo HHX paccKa3arb, r{To6bl eceNa 6stJro HHTepecHo y3Harb, noqeMy Mbt ttoMer{aeM I4x Ha rro6yce.
Eure lrlr Ao,'rx(Hbr noMerr4Tb re Mecra, Koropble [oIIarH n 6eay,
Koropbre HaAo cnacarl. B arux Mecrax xpacuoti pyvt<oti 6y4eu nucaru SOS. Estu raru uMeercfl safpn3HeHue Bo3!yxa, BoAbl IL'IH 3eMr.rr,r,MolKeM rrpocrblM KapaHAauoM AeJIarb cepoe fltlTHo, T. e. fpf3Hoe flrrrHo, H 3HaqoK SOS. fl ear\4celi.{ac [oKax{y ABa Mecra, Koropble
n Cu6vrpu ecrb o3epo Bafixan. Cnlturann npo
HaAo cnacarl. !,alero
(Oreerrr
uero?
aererl.) 3ro o.{eHl KpacuBoe, r,ry6oxoe osepo. Ceriqac oHo 3afpfl3HeHo. JIroArl He roJlbKo e uaulefi crpaHe, Ho ll B Apyfllx
rAe oHo Ha f,'IorocyAapcrBax AyMaIor, KaK ero c[acru. Cllorpure,
rz nanraruy SOS
(tlor<a3blBaer.)
nnrIIoM
noMer{y
cepblM
ero
6yce.
f
Morpacuoft pyrxori. EuIe Aaleno or Hac, Ha lore, ecrl ApallcKoe
pe. C HHM Apyfas 6eAa. BoAu B HeM c Kax(4blM foAoM craHoBurcfl
Bce MeHbIUe H MeHbrue, oHo ycblxaer. Cefiqac JIIoAII ro)Ke ryMarcT,
Ha rJIo3Aecb 3Haqor< SOS. (llorasunaer
KaK efo cflacru. flocrasull
6yce. )
Ban,I saAauue Ha AoM: nofoBopuTe c poAHTer'lflMHo HaueM fopoB orlacHocru Harrr ropoA t'tlu uer? 9ro en'Iy yfpo)Ka4e. Cnpocure:

r3

er? 3aerpa cKalKere, HaAo JIH craBr,rrb pqAoM c Ha3BaHr.reM
Haruero
ropoAa sHa,lox SOS.
3aHcrne. Haqnnaeu qr.rrarb KHltry
<<SxororHc B Kaprl,rHKax>

fIporpaMMHoe
c o A e p l K a H H e . A a r s A e r f l Mf l p e A c r a B d r r e H
o ToM, r{To B KHHre paccKa3brBaeTcq
o AoMe Arq pa3Hbrxxr,tBbrxcyxlecrB: pacreuur:r,)KHBorHbrx,nrcAeri. C6eperan HX AoM - ycJroBan,
B Koropbrx oHrr xHByr, l,rlr c6epe>xeM )r(HBbrecyulecrBa.
V'{arl Aerefi cJrytuarb qreHne rro3HaBareJlbHori
KHHfa, npaBlurbHo
rroHr,rMaTb
ee coAep)KaHHe,
oTBeqaTbHa Bonpocbr, onupaflcb Ha TeKCT
paccKa3a. V.{Hrl Aerefi paccyx{Aarb, Aelarr npeArroJrox{eHufl,cJryuarb
BbrcKa3brBaHr.rq
Apyfux.
M a r e p H a r b r K 3 a H f l T H l o . I ( u a r a < < 3 x o r o r u qB K a p r u i H K a x > .
g a H f l , T Lt1I
Xol
B o c n hr ar el l. !,erra, Ha3BaHHe
K H H r H ,K o r o p y r c M b r H a q H H a e M
quTarb, <<3ro.lorr4flB KapruHKax>>.
Ee aorop rrr4careJrlBzranuft Huwonaeenq TaHacarivyx.Ou Hanvcail KHHfy cflequaJrbHoMfl raKr.rxpe6flr, KaK Bbr, Koropbre .nrc6nr nphpoAy 14xoTfT cTarb nHbrMH
3Ko.nofaMu roHbrMu 3auIHTHHKaMr-r
[pupoAbr. Tenepl Mbr [por{TeM
ro, r{ro HanucaHo nepeA caMbrMrrepBbrMpaccKa3oM(uuraer npo.nor).
,Il,eru, o r{eM >Ke sra xuura? (Orneru 4ereri.) Hro usyuaer HayKa
aKoJroruq?Arq xoro npHpoAa flBJrrercfl 4ouou?
<<V4ueureJrbHafl
Tenepl noclyruafire nepaufi paccKa3 nporyr'lr a > ( u u r a e r B b l p a 3 r l r e J r b H co , n a y s a r u u ) .
,II,erH, q BaM 3aA,aMcefi.{ac Borrpocbt. Bu ux BHlrMareJlbHonocJryrualire, no.uyuarire, Ho orBer{arb He HaAo. f eure pa3 [porrry paccKa3, TorAa Bbr Ha HI,txcyMeere xopouo orBerr4Tb.Bor eru Bonpocbl:

l4e rynrn aBTop xHurn?
Karoe 6rrro epervraro4a?
r{ro c uuu npousouuo?
Kro euy npHcuulca?
(flaysa Anfl ocMbrcJreHuq
Bo[pocoB HJIHrroBropHoe ux ureHue.)
Cnyrualire eqe pas paccKa3 (uraraer).
Bocnararenb 3aAaer Borrpocbt no oqepeAu r4 BbtcJlyrxrBaerorBeru 4ereri. HeroqHue orBerbr rrofipaBrqer qreHHeM coorBercrByr.oueTO TCKCTA.

!,errz, B KoHr{e paccKa3a aBrop HaM 3aAaer Bonpoc. Os co)KaJreer,qro B HarueMJrecy Her raKux anepefi, u cnpaunBaer: fioqeMy HX uer? Kax Bbr AyMaere, [or{eMy B HaileM Jrecy Her 6enorx ueAae4eri, cJroHoB,o6e3bqH, rporo4rznon?
Boc[r]TareJrb rrolAep.[,eru encxagblBanr cBoH flpeAdoJro)KeHr,rfl,
)KHBaerrIpaBHJtbHbre
BbrcKasbrBaHul..
paccyx{4eHHa
Ha HerrpaBHJrbHbre
<3ro He coBceM TaK>, npu 3ToM He AeJraflHHpeafnpyer cJroBaMr,r:
KaKr4xnolpaBoK r noqcHeunir.
- fleru, a ue 6yay BaM o6'brcHarl cerluac, MHe xor{ercR, uro6tr
14

Bbr caMH [o,rIyMaJIH, nofoBopI4JIH AoMa c poAHTeJIflMI,I. Mu npo nce
y3HaeM AaJIb[re, xor4a 6yAeu tIHTarb cJleAylouu.e paccKa3bl. floeroMy BaM AOMaUIHee 3aAaHae Ha 3aBrpa: noAytuafire HaA BorlpocoM IIHcarerfl, o6cyAure c poAI4reJIflMu. 3aerpa Ha rlporyJlKe MbI c BaMH noroBopl,rM r.r Bbr paccKa)Kere, r{To peuaru.
Ha c,re4yrcqnfi AeHl BocnHTareJIl o6cyx<4aer c AerbMH rlpoquraHr'rlrfi uarauyHe paccKa3, BbtcJtytutlBaer Nx coo6paxeHufl, XBaJIHTBcex,
KTO He Sa6HJr AOMa TIOfOBOpHTb C pOAI{TeJIflnAU,O6Cy4Ilrl, noveuy n
MecTHbrx Jrecax He )KHByT cJIoHbl, o6e3bflHbl, 6e.nlte MeABeAH H KpOBMecre co3Aator caMoAed'IbHyto KHI'{fy: BocnHTareJIb
KoAr.rJrbr.3areu
neqaTaeT paccKa3, Aerl.t pl{cyrcT HJlrrocrpallHl,l, BMecre oQopMJltl}or

o6nox<xy.
TPETb9HElqEnt
Ha6rloAeHuli sa cesoHHbtMl4rBflocequaercfl IIHKJIye)KeAHeBHbtx
fleHHflMH flprlpoAbr, pa6ore c KaJIeHAapeMflpnpoAbl, qeJIeBblM tlporyJrKaM[O r{acTKy AercKoro caAa. Aassuti qurn Ha6,rrc4euufi lt pa6ora c KaJreHAapeM'npoeoArrcr e)KeMecflr{Ho,no3ToMy tlpHBoAI'lM
npuuepHufi xoA Ha6JIIoAesIafiua xax<Auti !,eus.
floneAe.rrHr.lx. B KoHIre [poryJIKH Ha yqacrKe Bocnurare,'ls co6upaer 4erefi, [peArafaer noHa6lrcAarb 3a nofoAoti, onpe4enurb ee cocrofHHe. 3aAaer npHMepHo creAyrcuue Bonpocbl: xaroe cefrqac He6o? r{ro Ha HeM ecro? Kar Mo)KHocKa3arb npo nofoAy? (flau'aypuaa,
ecJrr{He6o noKpblTo o6laxautl; corHer{Haq,ecJIHHe6o qucroe; AO)KAiluBar,, ecJrr.rHAer Aox<Ab.).fuer nra ceti'{ac nerep? Karc ysHalu, uro
oH 4yer? t{ro xa.{aercfl, rpeneur,er or nerpa? Kax uo>xuo cKa3arL,
npo raKyro noro4y? (Berpenan, ruxan.) Xo,roAuo cefoAHfl H.IIHrer.no? Bo r{To oAerbr 4eru? Kax Mo)KHo cKa3arb [po raKylo noro4y?
(Ten.naa, noroMy rrro Aeru oAerbr e xo0rouxa, HJIII [poxJlaAHatl, ecJrLr oHLr e xyprxax. )
Ha6rrcAeuuq Aereli conpoBo)xAatorcr pa3HblMI44eficreuRruI't:noAHqTb fla3a

x ne6y,

oIycTI,tTb

B3rd'lfA

Ha 3eMdllo,

3aKpblTb

f,'Ia3a,

noA-

craBurb JrHuo Berpy, orBepHyrbcfl or Hefo H r. A. B roHue npofyJlKH Bocrrr4Tarerb noABoAHT I4Tof: ..CeroAHq IIofoAa (Hanpuuep)
corHeqHafl, BerpeHafl, renraq. flpr.r4enaB fpynny H HapucyeM B KaJreHAape3HaqKaMr,rTaKyIo rlofo.Ily>>.
B epgnne: BocnnrareJlt co6npaer Aereft Bo3JIecrpaHl4lrblKaJIeH<<vcroeHbleo6osHaqeHHf>>,caM noKa3blBaer,fAe
Aapfl, AeMoHcrpr.rpyeT
fAe OTMeTHTbroH KaK HaAO 3aKpaCHTb KBaApaIHK <<rIOHeAeJlbHHK>>,
ro.uy, KaKLIe 3HaqKH npH 3TOM HCIIOJIb3oBarl. lOnOpUr: <<cero4Hfi R
caMa aKKyparHo pacKpaluy, Hapl.{cylo 3HaqKI4 B Ka,leHAape. Bul noMHe, KaKafl ceroAnq 6llcMorpr.rre, KaK aro HaAo AeJIarl. loeopure
' He4ensuar MeroAuKa osHaKoMreHHq AouKoJlbHl4KoBc ce3oHHblMH tB,'IeHHflMH
npupoAbr, pHcyHKn xa.neu4apefi no4po6uo npeacraB!'IeHbln pa6orax C. H. Hnxonaec flBreHuqMl4 npupoabt t't rpyAoM B3pocJrblxB pa3eori: OsHaxoltreHr.re AorxKo.IlbHHKoB
1988. Nb 8; O6ueHue c npupo4ofi uanr,re cesoHsr//AoruKoJlbnoe BocngraHlte. qnnaercfl
Ilepr',rr, 1992; floaroroexa Aerefi K uKo,'le e CCCP H
c AercrBa. qCCP M.; Bparuc.nasa, 1989.

15

JIa noroAa, KaKHe 3Har{Kr.r
HaAo pHcoBarb. (AerH Ha3brBaror.)3aarpa
Bbr caMH 6yAere pacoBarb, a a 6yay BaM rroMorarb>>.
Bropnnx. B Ha,lale nporyJrKr,rHa yqacrKe Boc[rdrareJrl, co6paa
Aererl, foBopHT: <<Mlr rvepa c BaMH wa6nto1anu sa noroAorl, roBopHJIHrrpo Hee, pucoBaJrr,r3Har{KaMr.r
B KaJIeHAape.Cero4Hfl Mbr onflTb
6yaeu Ha6rrcAarb sa noroAofi. Kaxas cefoAHr noroAa? Kax npo uee
MoxHo crasart? (Oraeru aereri.) Kaxoe ue6o? tlro Ha selra ecrt?
(Orneru aereft.) Or,rqHrlrect BoKpyf, ecrb JrH nerep? I(ax en ero
o6uapy>xulz? (Orneru aereli.) CeroAuq xoJroAHeer4JtHrerrJree, qeM
evepa? (Oreeru 4ereri.) Bo qro uu o4erlr? (Orneru 4ereri.) Kar e
r{eJroMMo)KHo cKa3arb npo [ofoAy cero4uR?>>(Hanpuuep, nacMypHafl, TAXafl, nporura4uar.)
9ro6u pasuoo6pasuru ua6;rrc4euut, Bocrrr.rrareJrbrlpoAyMbrBaer
3apaHee HfpoBbre 3JIeMeHTbr,
HanpuMep ,'reHToqKH,
S.taxxu Arfl onpeAeJreHr.rfl
Berpa, rpy6o.rr<H(<<no4sopHtrerpy6u>) Ad'rqrtoacKa corHrla Ha ue6e. B KoHqe Ha6nn4euua AerflM Aaercfl ycraHoBKa 3arroMHurb, KaKafl 6ula [ofoAa, qro6br B rpynne nocJre nporyJlKu
IIpaBLrJrbHO OTMeTHTb

ee B KaJreH,II,ape.

B epgnne: Aerv troA pyKoBoAcrBoM Bocrr]rareJrfl 3aKparunBarur
<<BTopHr4K>>,
pHcyror 3Har{KHrrofoAbr. lle4aror oKa3brBaer HM rroMou{b
B pr,rcoBaHflr,r.
Cpepa. Bocnurarenr, co6paa Aereli, HarroMxHaer,nax sa6nrcAa,'rr{3a rrofoAori e npe4lrAytuue AHH: cHar{ara paccMarpuBailu ne6o, saTeM OnpeAeJtflJrH
BeTep, noToM yTor{HrurH,Terr/ro I.rJrHrrpoxraAHo u KaK
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KaK oHa cKar{eT; o6cyx<4aer, noqeMy oHa Mo)KeT AeJraTb rarue 6olltllfieIpbI)KKI-I,KofAaeexopolxoBI{AHO14Ko|AaoHacoBceMHe3aMeTua. 3arerra BbrnycKalor ee B BoAy r{ Ha6rroAaroT 3a nepeABH)KeHHeM B
BoAe. BocngrareJtb 3aAaer npuMepHo cJreAylou-\He Bonpocbr: JIeIKO JIt4
n,,raBaer .nrryurxa? Kaxue oco6eHHocrl{ ee reJla noMora}or eti nlaBarb B soAe? 3a.reM y Hee nepenoHKH Ha rraJlbrlax? flouevry fJla3a y
r{ee BbrnyKJIbIe h pac[oJlo)KeHbl BBepxy ro.t;oenl? lloc.ne Ha6JIIoAeHHfl
BOCIItITaTeJIb paccKa3blBaeT !,eTflM, KaK d'IflfylllKa JII' IflKl'tM AJII'IHHblM
OqeHb IIon3brKOM,'TOBHTKOMapOB, MOIIeK. CoO6ulaer, IITO lfry[IKH
I4x Ha4O O6eperarl. o6cyx{Aaer c AerbMH, r{ro rafyuKH
Jre3Hbr (ressauurHlt, HX cnacalor ro,lbKo MacKhpoBoqHafl oKpacKa I'l yMeHHe
o roM, KaK TpyAHo coxoporxo npbrrarb u rIJIaBarb. Paccrasllsaer
Aepx{arb r4x B yfoJrKe npupoAbr, [o3roMy yHoc].lrb I43 Mecr o6vraHws.
HX He CJIe.IIyer.
Ha c.rre4yroulltti Aesr BMecre c BocnurareJleM AerH paccMarpl4Barcr KaprrzHbr c rqfyuKaMH 113yqe6Ho-HarJlgAHoro noco6Hq <l(aprraFrbt H3 )KH3HH .AIlKt4x )KI.lBorHblx>>t.
2. EeceAa c AerbMt4 no KapruHaw 25, 26 yue6Ho-uaBapuanm
<Kapruult H3 )KI]3HH AI'iKI4XXHBOTHbIX>>.3ror eanoco6uq
rnqAnoao
puaHTo3HaKoMJIeHHflcx(H3HbIoJl'IfyIUeKHcnoJlb3yeTcflTo|Aa'KorAa
Aercrar? ca4 (ropo4cxoro runa) yAaJIeH or ecrecTBeHHblx npl4poAHblx
yc.noeuri u I(eTu He Moryr coBeprxaTb rlereByro [poryJlKy e Naecra o6uTaHVfl JIffyIXeK. B raxolta' cryr{ae o3HaKOMreHIle c o6pasoM X(I43HI'I
NOPflAKE:
STHX XHBOTHbIX TYI{lxC OCYUICCTBJIflTbB XPOHOJIO|I4TICCKOM
or BecHbr (xaprrana 26) r< nery (raprvrua 25) u K oceHHe-3r4MHeMy

(paccxas .rl4e sznayrcr.naryur<a?>).
nepr4oAy

f l p H r r r e P H b l t lx o A 6 e c e A l t
3aBocnr-materb AeMoHcrpupyer KaprllHy 26 <JIaryurKI-IBecHoIi>>,
BbI
qro
)KI'IBorHblx
Ha
KaprHHe?
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u3o6pax(eHo
Aaer Bospocbl:
n no4e? floraxure B3pocJlblxJlflfyuleK, paccKax(Hre o HI'IXro
Br4Ar.rre
BonpocaM: KaKHe osu? Hro Aelarcr? lAe o6urarcr JrflrytrrKH(nocrvloTpaTe Ha KapTI4HyI-{ paccKa)K[Te npo MecTo' fAe )KI' IByT.naryurxu)?
tleu foJroBacrHKHOr,'rr4qaloTcfl
Kro ero (noraaureaer roJroBacr6xon)?
or JrsryIUeK? Orxy4a B3flJIHcbroJIoBacrI4Kn?9ro c HHMI{ 6yAer uepe3 HeKoropoe epervra?Paccnax<ure, KaK rlorBJlrlorcs JIflry[IKH' KaK
B KaKOeBpeMq roAa 3TO rIpOB3pocJlbltvtu.
oHH pacTyT H CTaHOBfTCfl
ua xapruue)?
(raxoe
nso6pa)KeHo
ro4a
BpeMfl
rzcxoAur
, crra.: Hnxonaena c. H., Meurxosa H. H. Kapruubr H3 >KH3HI.I
AHKLIXxLIBOTHI'Ix:
V.{e6Ho-HarrqAuoe noco6ue AlIt AeT. caAos: MeroAuqecKoe pyKoBoAcTBoK KaprI'IHaM
C.29-31)'
n 3 x u s H H . t H K H x ) K r ' I B o r H s l x-. M . , 1 9 9 0 ( < J l n r y r u K a > > .

21

B xqr'r.e6ece4u nocJre orBeroB Aereri socn'TareJrb
AeJraer noflc-

HCHHfl. IIPU

AtOrr,r O6PAUIACT

AX BHI,IMAHHC HA CJ'ICAYIOUIUC MOMEHTbI:

JrflfyrxK' XHByr B cbrpbrx Mecrax _ BO3JrenpyAa, o3epa,
6olora;
oHH xopomo npucnoco6n-e_usr
(eueurHuM crpoeHr{eMH rroBeAeurzerra
x
)KH3HHB TaKI,rxMecrax. Moryr HaxoAr.rrbcqKaK B BoAe,
TaK H Ha cy_
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3io
npoacxoAHT B BOAe.
leuoucrpapyercfl
KaprHHa 25. Bonpocu: KaKoe BpeMr roAa
aso6paxeHo Ha Kaprr{He? t{ro craJro c reMr.rfoJroBacraKaMa.
Koro_
pbre nr'raBaJr,B npyry paHueli eecFrori? llocuorpure
BHHMare.nbHoHa
KaprHHy H orBerbre: cKo.rrbKoHa seli aso6paxeHo nxry[rex? r{ro
ouu
"
Aera'or? t{ro .u,eJraer 3ra JrflryruKa (noxasuaaer nplrraro'ryro)?
lloueuy oHa MolKer xopouo rpurarr,? Qto o"u ova"r^'["ffi"
" "oae? vro rroMofaer JrflryuKaM xoporxo nraaarl? rleu nurarcTcq Jrrryuru? Paccuorpnre JrfryruKy, Koropafl .rroBr,rrMolxeK,
H. oTBerbre:
KaK oHa aro AeJraer, qro eri nouoraer? Kro nuraerca
laryruxavru?
Ecrl nu y
-HHx_oparu? I(ar raryurx' or Hrrx clacarorcq (vro ana noruoraer)? t{ro 6y4er c rqfyuKaMr, oceHbro a saMori, no.4u
ru.ryrr",
xo.noAa?
Bocnurare.nb AeJIaer noflcHeHufl B Tex cryr{afx, KofAa
AerH 3a_

TPYAHflIOTCqOTBETHTbHA BONPOCbI,O6IflCHSCT MEXAHA3M
JIOB.IH HAceKoMbrx, 3Har{eHr4eMacKHpOBKH,3arar4BaHLq. Ha nocle4uuri
tsonpoc
Aaer Bo3Mox(Hocrb BblcKa3arbcfl BceM AerqM, BbIcJIyrxHBaer ax npeA[o.[o>KeHr4q, Ho caM He paccKa3btBaer o 3HMoBKe
rqryueK:
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cJreAyroqeM 3aHtrrwLl Mbr c BaMU [poqreM paccKa3
H3 KHHTI4 <<3KOJTOIIIfl B KAPTHHKAX>>
H Y3HACM, I{TO NPOHCXOAHTC JIflIYUKAMI4 I] 3HMHee BpeMq>.

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..
Ae_
reli o xrzsHr4 JrrlryueK B npl,rpoAe, oco6eugocrflx ux [HTaHHfl,
rlepeABfi)KCHHfl'

NO'IBICHHfl

HOBbIX JIqIYIIICK,

O6PASC XI,{3HH

B

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PA3HbIC
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B pa3Hbrx
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r<'nra <<3roJrorr4flB Kaprr{HKax>(paccxa3 uDe .""yo"
,o.ylxu?rj',
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l I p r a r r , rpeH b r r t x o A s a H f l r H r I
Bocnurarenl coo6qaer AerqM, qro Ha 3aHfr6e [pH[IeJr focrb _
noKa3brBaer caMnarr.Ir{HyronrpyruKy - JrfryuKy. paccxasHeaer, r{To
Jrrrryuo'oK Knaxea y3Ha"rr,vro pe6ara uaurerr ipynnu MHO.O
3Haror
O HACTO'IUIHX )KHBbIX JIflryIUKAX, HHTCPECY}OTCfl
HX X}.3HIIO
A 6CPCTXHO OTHOC'ITC'I K sTHM MAJIEHbKHM 6CSSATqUTHIIM
)KABOTHbIU. BOCNA-

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oH npoKBaKaI MHe, r{To IIpHcKaKarI LrgcoceAHero
CaAa, TaM
AeTCKOTO
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3aHflTr4H.a Bbt
22

('My paccKaxeTe BCe, qTo 3HaeTeO JltlryuKax' IIOKaIKeTeeMy KapTI'lqTeHHeKHHTH,a [oToM rlourpaeT c BaMH>>.
IilJ; OH ITOCJIy[IaeT
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ryruoHKau o6paulaercfl K HeMy: <<Kaaxna,cMorpu
lia uux uapuionauu JIflryIUKI4,Koropble )KI.rByrB tlpHpoAe. Pe6qra
re(re cefiqac Bce paccKaxyr. Tor, rro 6yAer paccKa3blBarl, 6y4er
61larr .naryuroHKaB pyKfi.
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oH BeAb Hfpylueuuuti, HIlrAe He 6u.tt, xtl.n ece
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npeAJlafaer AerflM pacBocllllrare,lb
coM Hr,rqeroHe 3Haer>>..Il,anee
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KAK OXOTqTCfl HA MOIICK, KTO HA HI4X OXOTI-ITCfl.
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'{ro
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xe 6ueaet 3IaIvtofi,KorAa Ha yJIHue Mopo3, KpyfoM cHer' npyAbl noKpbrrbr .nsAou? Pe6sra xorrr npo 3To y3Harb. MlI ceti'{ac npoqura<|Ie staB KaprI4HKax>>en,t rperuli paccKa3 H3 KHI'trH <3xoloruq
MyloT rqryruKHi>>.
cax(aer lflrytrroHKa Ha KyKoJIt'Hltti cry.l, npeA,'laraBocnntarelb
t{tlraer paccKa3 MeAreHHo, Bblpa3l4er eMy BHHMareJIbHo cJlyuarb.
3arena 3aAaer AerqM Borrpocbr: KaK 3HMyrOT JrflfyruKr.r? floqe,"rono.
My oHH He Mofyr )KHTb 3XMOfi Ha 3eMre?
Aa.nee neAafor roBopHr: <<JlaryurouoK, rbl reflepb 3Haelub MHofo:
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qro e 6oJtore x{HByr He roJIbKo JlflfyllrKu, Ho H Apyfue xuBble cyqecrBa, H oHH Bce HylKHbl Apyf Apyfy>.
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KHI4ry.
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rror4cKaTbJlrrrylUeK, o6paTHTb BHr4MaHHeHa Hx oKpacKy, nocMoTpeTb,
KaK OHI,I CKaqyT rIO 3eMJle, cpeAg KaKI'tX pacreu1il BcTpeTI4JIHCb,eCTb
JIH B 3TOM MECTE BO.4OCM.

23

PASOTA C flETbMh B oKTf,EPE
nEPBAt HE.qEnC
Bocnnrarerb rrpeA/raraer AerflM co6parl KoJrJreKr-(Hro
xauuefi, npoc'r r.rxnpHHeCrH.nrc6ue KaMHH(pevuue, rraopcxre).Bce euecre paccMarpnBaror KaMHH: cpaBHuq€ror no
Soprrae, pa3Mepy, u,Bery, oKpyf_

JIOCTH' IJIAAKOCTII, TS}KCCTH. BUCCTC

IIPI4AYMTiBAIOT CKA3KY, HANPHMCP

<<I(ax raueub H3 Mopq e Aercxuli caA nortaJr> anu ..gro paccKa3aJr
peuuoli KaMeHb pu6xau..B aKBapHyue>. (BocnrrareJrb ,upu"""
"r,
rrpHAyMbrBaerHecJIOX(Hbrri
crox<er cKa3KH, BK.[nqaer B Hee [peA.[oxeHar H BbrcKasbrBaHufl
pe6ar.) Bocnurarenb npocuT 4erei npngy_
Marb Hrpy c KaMHrMn, [poBoAHT 3aHqrue r{a reMy <<llpocrtre
fl rIeH_
Hbre KaMHHB npHpoAe>>.
fIporpaMMHoe
c o A e p ) t < a H l e . p a s e f i e a r ty 4 e r e r i r 4 H r e p e
x KaMHflM,ceHcopubre oulyrleHuq, yMeHHfl o6c.ne4onarbKaMHr4paa_
r{yBcrB,Ha3brBarbux ceoficrna u oco6eusocrH (xpenHbrMHOpfaHaMr'r
rar?, reep4ufi , ueponulir, rnaawuir, rax<eltrfi 6.necrnqafi xpacuetrri
,
,
H g;p.).,{arl 4erau npeAcraBJteHueo roM, r{To KaMHr4B npgpoAe
ecrb
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soprrau, 6lrBaror c ocrpbrMH yrJtaMH; MopcKHe KaMHr.rBcerAa oxpyrnoli
Qopulr,
ura.(Kue
TaKr.tMHHx cAeJraJrHMopcK?re BoJrHbr.Kaugu rq)Kerbre,
oqeHb..rBepAbleI'r flporlHble' no3ToMy HcnoJlb3ylorcr B crpoHTe.rrbcrBe
eaawuh, Aopor, MocroB H Apyfr4x "oopy*en"ri.
Aarl a"io* repBoe
npeAcraBJIeHHeo IreHHblx KaMHflx, Koropble np,MeHflrorcfl
AJrfl yKparueHr.tflnocTpoeK, H3fOTOBJIe
HHfl il AtfiflTHVIKOB,
CyBeHHpOe
( rpa urar, Mp2 _
tr'lop), noxa3arb AerflM H3AeJrHflH3 Apafoqesuux r<auueli (xeucrae
yKparxeHr.rq,6poruu, 6pac.neru H np. ).
M a r e p r a n r . H a 6 o p M o p c K r , t xH p e q H b r xx a v H e r i ( p a s 4 a r o v H u r i
uarepua.n); KycKH MpaMopa il rpaHrara (xelareltuo);
a.rurro.rpar\,r^
c r-tso6pax<eHl{eM
sAaHr,tri,uocron, crauquri Merpo, nur"rnrnuu, nu

KOTOPbIX XOPO,'IO BHAHbI MPAMOPHbIC I{ .PAHI,ITHbIC
ACTAJIH; HECKO.IIbKO CYBCHHPOB HJ]H )KEHCKHX
YXPATUCUUI1 H3 APAIOUCHHbIX HJIfl NOJIYApafor-(eHHbrx xauueri;
KycoK AepeBa, fBo3AH, MOJTOTOK, 60.nluraq
6aH_

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l l p u r u r e p H b r r ix o A s a H q r H f l
I -n qacma. Kax<Auri pe6euox paccMarpaBaer KaMHH,cpaBHHBa_
er r4x. Bocnararelb rrpocHr Aereri io norna4'rb, To c)Karb, To B3BecHTb B pyKe KaMHr.r,3aAaeT Borrpocbr, rrpeAJrafaeT[OAbrcKaTb npa_
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orKpbrroK t4 HJt_
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Ha HX Kpacorv. no24

Ka3brBaeT 3TH KaMHI,l, paCcKa3bIBaeT, KaK oHI'l IIeHHbI A./Ig CTpOHTerbCTBA.
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u3/].eilutt Hg xauHeft,
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[oJre3Ho A/If 3AopoBbfl HaxoAl4TbcflB noMeueHl,tll, rAe MHoro 3eJIeHbrx, qBeTyuIHXpacreHHil, KpacHButl axeapuyM, norcIlll4e llTl'lubl.
Xoa 3aHqrI.rfl
Bocurararerb [peAraraer AerqM no.ityMarb HaA BortpocoM, KTo )KLIBeT B fpyflIle, Ad'lf Kofo rIoMeuIeHHeAeTcKolo caAa tlBrtleTcfl AoMoM.
flocne orBeroB coo6uraer, qro, KpoMe Aereti LI B3pocJlbtx, B rpynne
)Kr4Byr r.r Apyfr4e )KLIBbrecy[recrBa. llpe4.naraer ocMorperb fpyn[y fi
pacreHHff, KoTopble
Ha3BaTbUX. BCe O6XOAgr[OMeUIeHHe,HaSbIBal.oT
crorr Ha oKHax, urxaQax, B ApyrHX Mecrax, Ha3bIBaIor)KHBoTHbIX
o6urare.neri yroJrKa rrpnpoAbl.
3areu fipoBoAnrcq I]fpa-copeBHoBaHLIe.AerH Ae.[qrcs Ha ABe
KOMaHAbr,KOTOpbreno orIepeAl-loTBer{alor Ha Bonpocbl. 3a xaxAuli
npaeu,rlHuli orBer KoMaHAafloryqaer $uruxy. Blrurpuoaer KoMaHAa,
Ha6pasuaq 6ornrue 6rurex.
hepnuri Boflpoc: <.floqeuy o6Hrarerb Hauefo yfoJlKa ... (HasuBaercfl KoHKperHoe>xanorHoe) - )KHBoecyu{ecreo? flo xaxunaupu3 H A K A M C I O M O ) K H O C T { I , I T A T bX H B b I M : ' > >

AerE oreeqaror crporo rto oqepeAa: He xaxAofr KoMaHAbIoAHHorser. BocnHrareJlb CJIeAIIT3a or{epeAHocrblo,otreHLIBaernpaBuJlbHocrb
orBeroB, He Ao[ycKaer noBropoB, HarpaKAaer Suurranau. !,eru uo25

fyr .Ha3BarbcJrelyloxrHe[pH3HaKH:OCO6eUuOcu4
crpoeHzfl X(r,rBOTH
ro (uueer fr'ra3a, xBocr H r. a.), cnequsury [oBeAeHufl (4erar-aercn
ecr, Jreraer, Kycaercrr u r. r.). norpe6uocrb B o[peAe,'reHHbrx
ycJ.ro
ounx (Hy>xHa eAa, Bop.au np.), cnoco6socrl K rrpoAoJt)KeHxlo
poAa
(orx,ra4lreaer qriu,a, sa6orarcq o AereHbuxax rz np.).
Bropoli Bofrpoc: <floueuy KoMHarHbrepacreH,fl, Koropbre ecrb B
HaueM noMeuleHrjH,- 3To rox(e )KaBbtecyulecrBa? flo xaxuv lpu3HaKaMux Mo)KHocr{HTarb>xanlrnn?> !,era raxx<e no oqepeAh orBeqaror. Moryr 6nrrl uaseaHbr frpu3HaKr-r
crpoeHHa (r.rnaeroiKopHr,
r{Berbr,3eJreHbreJracrbfl fl np.), pa3MHo)KeHut,norpe6uocru B onpe_
yc.rroBr4flx
(ax ua4o noJrHBarb,pbrxJrHrby rrp.). BocnaraAer'reHHbrx
Terb cr'reAlir3a orBeraMr,r,HarpaxAaer KoMaHAu
Snurranu.
Tperrari eonpoc: <9elr pacreHufl or,.ruqarorcflor xueorHbrx?> - o6cyxg,a_
H rrerBeprbrri: <<Llelvr
pacreHr,rfl noxolKr4 Ha )KHBorHbrx?>>
rorcfl TaK )Ke, KaK r.r npeAbuyque. Bce BMecre noAcr{r4TbrBaror
$rzurxa xaxAofi KoMaHAL,r,noABoArrr r.rror, onpeAeJrflror r<ouau4y-no6e4n_
Terrr' Koropaq Aeraer Kpyf [oqera r]oA o6uue xJronKr,rB ,.ranoruu.
B saxrloqareltsoti qacru 3aHflTHqBocruTarell o6cyx{Aaer c Ae-

TbMH OPfAHH3AIIUIO

AE)KYPCTBA B 3OHC NPHPOAbI,

ACilA'

AKI],CHT HA TO,

vro pa60ra B yfoJ'rKenpHpoAbr 3ro co3AaHHeXoporuux yc.ronuri
AJIfl )KHBorHblx u 3e.[eHux 4pysefi, x(H3Hb Koropblx U€JIHKOM3aBHcLlT
or nrc4erl. BocnHrare,'rb, yrorrHffl oco6esuocrH rpyAoBbrxAericreuii,
fioflcHfer, qro Har{aHarbr4 3aKaHqHBarby60pr<y cJreAyerc ua6nroAenun. Cwa\aJra HaAo nocMorperb, xax ce6q uyecrayei nepHarufi una
se.[eHHfiApy)KoK,3AopoBJlr4oH, r{ero eMy He xBaraer, qero eMy Brtor_
He AocraroqHo, 3areM o[peAeJruTb, qro Apnfl Hefo HaAo c4enarl. B
KoHqe y6opr<a Fre cJreAyer cfle[rurb yxoAr{rb r.t3yfoJrKa, HaAo nocMorperb, xax 6y4er secru ce6q nonyrari (u;ru 4pyroe x<anoruoe), ron_
Aa B K"rreTKey Hefo nopflAoK, qr{cToTa, cBe}K}le KOpM H BOAa.
Bocnnrarelb noAqepKuBaerry MbrcJrb,Lrro co3AaHr.re
xopolulzx ycnos,urt 4,u 6parteB MeHbruHXecrb cosAaHr.renou$opra, ylora 14!iln
c_e6q:e.fpyflne c KpacuBbrMr,r,
qBeryuIHMHpacreHuflMr4,BeceJtoule_
6euyuterl nruqefi [pr4flrHo Hfparb, AeJrarb .nrc6tre 4ena.
B noc,repyroulue AHv H HeAeJrr.rBocnr4TareJrl o6yuaer rpyAoBbrM

HABbIKAM ACTCIi B I4HAUBLINAJIbHOMIIOPflAKE BO BPCMfl HX AC)KYPCTBA
B yroJrKe npHpoAbt.
{nx.r

na6;rn4eHnft

3a aKBapr.ryMHbrMHpm6auur

(nauuruaemcnHa smoil uede/re,e nocnedAnque npodo,tmaemcn)
Ha6nro4enae l, <Kro )Kr{Ber B uaruelr axnapuyue?>>
I-l e .r s. Onpeaer'r'Tr, Bcex o6l'are,refi axeapuyrua (plr6, ynr.rrox, pacreHHfl ux
),
Ha3BaHafl; orMeruTb o6qyro xpacory, flpHBJreKarer,rbHocrb
aKBapuyMa.
'
,(ae_rca npr.lrepHr'i neperieHb Ha6.nroAeHufi6es coorHeceHuq c KoHKperHbrMHBH4ana pu6 H apyrrx o6urare,reri. Paepa60rra coAep>KaHarqHK,'roBua6;lro4euna, veroLAKa hx ilpoBeneHxf
,rl!4po6Ho npeAcraBJrerrbre pa6orax c. H. Huxo,raesori: HaO J r r c A a f lno3HaeM //fiour<o,,saoe Bocn,raHhe. - I991. M l; O6ureHuc c
npupo4orl Haqr.rHaercflc AercrBa. flepul,
lg92; Mero4nKa gKoJrorr4qecKoroBocnuraHHr aorxKoJrbHHKoB:Vqe6. noco6ue &.[fl crya. cpeA. neA. yve6. aane4eunfi. M.,
1999; 2001

26

Ha6,rrcAexxe 2. <tlro ecrb B aKBapl.tyMeH KoMy 3To HaAo/>>
l-[ens. Vro..rHr.rrbycroBaq xhgHlt o6urate.neil axeapnyva, xoropntfi qBJtflercfl AoMoM 4.rtfl pu6. B HeM ecrb MHoro BoAbl KoMHarHoH reMfleparypbl, rpyHr, B KoropoM
pacryr pacreHafl, MHofo csera. B 9rllx yc,'IoButx psI6lt I Bce ApyrHe o6urare.nu xopouro ce6a qyBcrByror.
Ha6nroAeHne 3. <9ro H KaK eAqr pst6ut?>
I-le,rl. Vrouullrb, qro tlBrqercq KopMoM 4.ltx pn6, KaK qacro I'I B KaKoM KoJIHrrecrBe ero Haao AaBarb. PasHste pu6lt e4ar KopM no-pa3HoMy: oAHH 6epyr ero c noBepxHocrr.{BoAL'r,apyrHe co6upanr co AHa, HeKoropble JIoBtlr B To"'Ilrle BoAbl.

BTOPAT HEgEn9
3aHcrr.re.fioveuy 6e.nureMeABeAhHe x]tByr n necy?
f I p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p > t r ' a r r 4 e . I I o s H a x o M I ' I T bA e r e l i c 6 e r b l M
MeABeAeM U ero o6pa3oM )KH3HII: KpynHble cuJlbHble )KI4BorHble, )KI' IByr Ha Ceeepe, rlllTalorcfl pu6ofi, rloJIeHflMH, 3I4My [poBoAtlr B cHe)KHori 6ep;rore, JreroM Kor{ylor rto JIbAHHaMCeeepuoro JleAosliroro oxeaHa. V MeABeAHIIbI poxAarcTcfl MaJleHbKI'Ie MeABex{ara, Koropblx oHa
cHaqaJra KopMr,rr cBol,IM MoJIOKOM,SareM pU6ofi.
Benue MeABeAI4 [pficnoco6JteHbl K xHsHI4 B cypoBblx ceBepHbIX
ycfloBr4qx: y HHX fycTafl, Te[JIafl uepcTb, B ToM qI'ICJIe H Ha [OAOII]oHa cnacaer I,Ix or Mopo3a; 6enag MacKHpoBoqHaq
Bax Jran,
oKpacKa lxepcTr,l .II,eJIaer Hx He3aMerHbIMH B CHefaX; oHI{ yMeIOT XOporxo HbrpflTb H fl'raBaTb, 3aTaHBaTbcf, THXO floAKpaAblBaTbcfl K Ao6nue; cu.nrHble Jlanbt c ocrpblMu KofrflMn, KperlKne ocrpble sy6u noMeABeAb 3aHeceH a KpacHyro KHI'Ify,
Mofaror noeAarb ee. Eenufi
HaxoAnrcn noA oxpaHoti rocyAapcrea.
pvail. Kaprnuu 15, l6 H3 BbtueyKa3aHHoronoco6ua; xHt'tMare
<floveuy
MeABeAu He
6elue
fa <<3Korofr4fl. B KaprLru*axr> (paccxa:
MaJIeHbKLIeuso6pa>xeunq )KI4BorHblx: 6e)KHByr n "necy?>); uo6yc,
>xr'rJrbre MeABeAH, O6e3bqHbr, cJIoHbI, KpOKOALIJIbI,JIflTyUKH (no 2-3
BorHbrx Kalr{Aofo erjAa); rreli.
saHflTl fl
Xoa
HanoMl,rHaer o roM, t{To AerI,I y)Ke 3Halor, KaK >xHBocnurarelb
Byr JlflfyruKu, KaK cJleAyer [paBHJIbHo K HI,IM orHocuTbcfl. I-loxagsln npeAJlaraeT HaKJIel,ITb xx
BaeT MaJreHlrue aso6pax{eHHfl rqryueK
Ha r.no6yc B Tex Mecrax, rAe oHI,r o6HTaIor. BltqcHqer, )KI4Byr Jtrl JrflfyruKr,r B fIoAMoCKOBbe, I,l HaKJIeHBaer BMecTe c AerbMI,t uso6paxeqro 3TI4 MaJIeHbKfie )KHpqAoM c Mocreofi.
foaopllr,
HUrr rqfyueK
BOTHbre BcTpeqarorcfl Bo MHofI4x Mecrax y Hac B crpaHe I{ Ha Apyfllx
Marepl.rKax [JIaHerbI 3eNanq. Coo6uraer, r{To cefoAHq Aert'I nosHaKoMflrcfl c Apyrr.rMH xHBorHblMLt, npeAraraeT 3araAKy-onrcaHl'Ie'
KpynHurl snepl, 6e,rutl seepl,
snepl.
Xrurnsrri3Bepb,cHJrbHbtti
(EenoLilnedee)o.)
foBopHT: <<!,aeafire HaqHeM r{l{Tarb paccKa3 I43 KHHBocnurarerb
ru <<3xonorufl B KaprliHKax>>. OH Hasrteaercq <<no.{euy 6e.nue ue4BeAH He )Kr{Byr B Jlecy?>>. (Llnraer ABa repBblx a6eaqa.) Tenepl nocMorpHM KaprHHbr (AerrroHcrprapyer oAHoBpeMeHHo o6e xapruHrt)>>.
27

* Bonpocu x 6eceAe no KaprHHaM:Kro raso6paxeu Ha rcapruHax?
lAe xunyr 6erlre ueAneAu? t{ro ecrl Ha Ceeepe uaruefi irpaHu?
(oreerlr Aerefi, ocMorp r.no6yca, xoporxuli pacc^as BocrrurareJrflo
Mecrax o6urauuq rtle4ae4eri.)tleu xopunrcfl MeABeAn?r{ro y MeABeAr4ubrB sy6ax? I(orrayoua uecer pur6y? lae oua esqila ee? Vueror lu
MeABeAHnnasarl? 9ro nouoraer HM J.loBHTb
pu6y? (Oreeru Aerefi,
noflcHeHHeBocllllrareJlfl o roM' KaK MeABeALI
oxorflTcfl ua rrcneuetl.)
tlro 4e.naer MeABeAHT-r,a
slrMori? l4e oua HaxoAarcq? (floacneuze o
no.nrpuori Hor{Z, MeABexteri 6ep.nore, pox{AeHHaue4eexar.) Hro
Ae_
,'raer MeABeAAT{a
C ve4bexaravH B JrerHFOro
nopy? (lloacueuue o xoqeBKe MeABeAerlno JrbAr.rHaM
oxeaHa.) Kax pacryr naeAeexara?gro
oHr AeJraror?Kax MeABeAHqasa6orrarcq o uux?- Kaxoe BpeMq foAa
uso6pax<eno Ha oauoli KapraHe n rra Apyrorl? r{ro no*oia", *rro
MeABeAflM
B CypoBbrxycJroBHRxceBepa? (lloc.ne orBeroB Aererl eocnHTare.[b [epeqHcrfler flpacfloco6urerlsrre npr.r3HaKH
6e,rrrx MeABe4eti, no4vepKr4Baer,qro r4MeHHoaru oco6eHHocrHfroMofaror tsbrx<r4T
HM B TaKHXTfl)KeJrbrxyclonuax. )
'
uso6paxenae laeAeeAer?
Aetu HaKJreHBarcr
Ha r.no6yc. 3ar9u eocIII'ITareJIbr{I'ITaerpaccKa3 cHoBa, npeAJlaraerAerqM orBerHTb Ha Bo[po,c, aBTopa, xoropufi crouT B 3afoJroBKepaccKa3a.
Hresl,e rorl qacra paccKa3a, Koropar rocBflqeHa ApyrHM 3Kgort4r{ecKHM)KHBorHblM'Bocnl'lrareJlbnepeMe)Kaer-BonpocaMH
: rAe )KHByr
o6estqulr? c,roHtr? floverrly oHa He )Klrtsyr B Ha[rux necax? B si_
KJtror{eHr4e
AerH BMeCTeC Bocflr.rrarer'reM[pHKpen.[flror x rno6ycy ltso_
6paxeHua o6e3uH, cJroHoB,KpoKoAH,rroB(e-Aspar<e, Io>x'ori- Arraepuxe, Asrlu).
B ceo6o4uoe BpeMfl Aerr4 AeJrflTcaBflerrar,,reHuflMH
or floceureHufl
300[apKa, ua6.nrcAeszflMx3a gK3OTHqecKHM]t
)t(HBOTHbrMr4.
BOCnnra-

TE.[b NPCAJIA|AET I,IM AOMA NOI-OBOPHTbC
POAHTCJIflMHO >KI,IBOTHbIX,
noucKaTb KHUfH c KapTHHKaMH np0 HHX.
.Ha cne4yrculufi Aeul BocrrurareJrb reqaraer paccKa3, npocr4r Ae_
refi npou.nnrocrpHpoBarb efo, Bce BMecre r,r3foraBJIHBarOTCaMotreJrbHyro KHHry.
qrxn

Ha6.lrc4eHnft

sa aKBapr.tyMHuun

pu6arun

(npodo.omeuue)
Ha6lrc4eHue 4. <<Kaxue sauru Du6ru?>>
l , l e , r l . v r o v n r r b c A e r b M x o c o 6 e H u o c r u B H e r r H e f o c r p o e H r . r qp u 6 ( S o p n a a r e , r a ,
oKpacKa Kor(H, 'reuyu, oco6eusoctu opfaHoB, pacnoJ'ro>KeHHbrx
Ha foJroBe, oco6euHocrH xBocra, n.lasnrzxoo), pa3,'la_queu cxoAcrBo pl-r6ox, >xnnyulax B aKBapHyMe.
H a 6 . n r o 4 e H u e5 . < K a x p s r 6 u r n , r a e a r c r ? ,
I-[enr' vrouxurl c 4eirvr',,]ro
p b r 6 H n e p e A t s f i r a r c T c sB B o A e J r e r K o , c B o 6 o a H o ;
Moryr nJlbrrb B pa3Hbrx Ha[paBJ'reHaqx,60rcrpo H MeAr'reHHO.
TaX nepe4rurarbcfl HM
noMoraoT o6rexaerr,laq Sopua, rraaKaq noBepxHocrb reJra, orcyrcrBr{e IIreI,lt llJlaBHuKH I rph noMon-(rixtsocra H rrraBHr.rKoBHa HeM pSt6u 4enanr noBoporbr B pa3Hbre cro_
poHbl.
Ha6.nrcAenxe 6. <Kax plr6u or4uxarcr s cnsr?>>
I-{enl. floxasarb AerRM, .iro pur6u Hy)r(Aarorcr B orAbrxe, c'e. ornuxarcr osa
crofl HenoABHxHo Bo3Jre KycrHKoB TpaBbr, AHa; cnffT c orKpbrrbrMu rJ'ra3aMH.foxuit

28

cBer t,t tltyM HX Moryr pas6yAurl. (Ha6.nro4enue npoBoAuTcr B cyMepKu, 6es oceeueHrir.)
Bapuaurou rrao>xer6utl caMocroqrerbHoe Ha6,rrc4euue aeteft no 3aaaHHIoBocrlltH HAK AKBAPI-TYMY
THXO NOAXOAST
TATE,'Iq:B BEqCPHECBPEMS ACTI.iNO OAHOMY-ABOE
6,rroAaror ea ptt6anau.
c o6r,txHoseHHoll
3HaKOMHT Aereli
HeaeJIe BocflHTare,rb
y HHx. LIeM fJlHHa orJll'ttlaercff or necKa (oua ue
Cutpan H Cyxaq; MoKpafl fJII,lHa JII4llcbrnJteTcfl, [.IIoTHafl, Mo)KeT 6lrrl
H3 Hee MO)KHO JlenllTb pa3Hble rlpeAMeTbl;
Kafl. Bfl3Kaq, MffKafl
flpoqHatr
Ha KaMeHb, Ho He raKafl
roxo)Ka
rBepAafl,
cyxaq frHHa
Ha

r,'raHofi.

aroll

BbrflcHfler

Ha xycr<rz). o6cy>xaaercfl raKoe
fiprr yAape HJrLl na\eH]?^u pas6unaercf
ceoticteo: fJIHHa B or,rtlt{ue or fiecKa He npoflycKaer BoAy, BTILITbIBaer ee Ir craHoBI,ITcfl Naqrroli. Bo epeua npofyd'IKn Bocnl'ITarer'Ib H .llerH o6xoAflr reppHropl4lo AercKofo caAa, HaxoAqr Mecra c npeo6naaaHr{eM B nor{Be flecKa u fJIHHbI. BOCnUrare.rub npeArafaer AerflM
HeT JIyx( OT oceHHHX
rroAyMaTb I,r cKa3aTb, [oqeMy B nepBoM crrlae
BoAa 3acraljBaercq.
AoxAeri, a Bo BTopoM
Jlenfr
ceoficrea N'Iqrxoli rJll'lHbl rtpaKTl'lqecKn
roenarcr
!,era
pa3Hbre u3AeJII-rfl. Boeuoxcro BblrIoJIHeHI'ie JIetrKI4 no o6pasqaM AbIMr.ruunlt MHOfo, MO)KHq CAeJIaTb KOJIJIeKTI4BK9BCKOT1t{rpytuKg. Ecln
Hyro pa6ory Ha oAHoM IIOAHOCe, Hanpl4Mep, no cKa3Ke <<Te_peuox>>:
pa3Hblx )KI'lBorHbIX. l'lnu coBocrrr,rrareJrb cJIeIILIT TepeM, a Lerv
3Aarb cKorHuli 4eop, 3oolapK. B ,rro6otrl cJtyqae Bo BpeMfl rerlKH Bocnr4Tare,'rb nporoBap14Baer ceoficrBa, orJIIlqarcu-\ue fJII'lHy or tlecKa'
BMecre c AerbMr,r BblcytxHBaer pa6orbl H pacKpaunBaer I'lx, a 3areM
o6btrpbrBaer.
o6qsarerluo
o6cy>x4aer c AerbMI'I Bonpoc, KoMy Hy)KHa fd'II4HaAr'tfl
Bocnurarerl
Koropble ycrpaHBa}or
JlacrorleK-6eperoeyulex,
BcnoMHHa}or
>Krj3HH:
rue3Aa-HopKla B orBecHbtx fJIHHflHbtx 6eperax per.

TPETbg HE.qEflN
Kar< H a ceurn6pe, flpoBoAflTca Ha6,'I]oAeHI'1fl3a ce3oHHbIMH nBd'IeurlflMn npllpoAbt Ha yqacrKe AercKoro ca1a H pa6ora c Ka'leHAapeM.
E>KenHesHo AerH BMecre c Boc[nrareJleM Hdlll'IcaMocroflTeJlbHo no
efo flopyqeHHro Ha6JIIoAal.or 3a llofoAoli. B Aura, KofAa oHI'l He ryJlflror, Ha6JrroAeHrfl BeAyTcq H3 OKHa. B raneu4ape 3aKpaul4Baercfl AeHb
HeAeJra r.r Snr<cupyercr 3HaqKaMH rtofoAa. l4so Auq B AeHb BocflllraTeJrb MeHfler nplleMbt opraHH3aIIHH H npoBeAeHuq ua6rloAeHufl, noBb[uaq uHTepec u caMocTotlreJlbHocrb Aereli K KoHuy HeAe,lH.
pacrurer'IbHocrb
Tar >xe KaK v e ceura6pe, Aert4 ocMarpnBaor
yqacTKa, [oKpoB 3eMJIH, OTMeqalOT, KaKI4e pacTeHl'Ifl eilIe I],BeTyT, KaK
rulareJlbHo
BbrrJrflAHr rpaBa (se,reHaa, )KeJIraf, >xyx.naa). oco6esuo
ocMaTpHBaIoT AepeBo x KyCT' KoTopF,le cJle.Uyer 3apI'lCOBaTb B KaJIeHAape: onpe.II,eJIflIoT, cKoJIbKO U KAKOA OKpaCKH OCTaJIOCb.IIllCTbeB Ha
AepeBe, cKoJIbKo noA HxM. 3aprzcoery n rpa$y KaJIeHAapfl <<Xueafl
npHpoAa>> cTapalorcfl cAeJlarb TorrHo, qro6u no pHcyHKy uoxso 6ltJro y3Harb pacreHufl yqacTKa.
29

B xouqe ueAe.nu AoruKoJrbHr,rKHcnerlr4aJrlno o6paqalor
BHITMaHHe
Ha )KHBOrHbrri nanp: nrHrr, HaceKoMbrx r4 npoqlix [peAcraBr4rureri
fayHbI' Koropblx Mo)KHo Bcrperl'ITb B 3To BpeMq, orbIcKHBaIor Mecra 3aMoBKH HaceKoMbrx, ceol{ Ha6nrcAeHun 3aHocfr B KaJreHAapl. Ha cy6_
6oty n BocKpeceHbe, KaK H B rrporuJroM Mecflrle, BocnuTareflb
Aaer
AoMarrlHee 3aAaHHe: Ha6lrc4arl
sa noroAori B BbrxoAHbre AHH, aaprl_
coedrl ee 3HaqKaMu ua 6yuare, [pr.rHecra 3apricoBKr4 e Aercxnri iaA.
B rroHeAeJrbHHK Bce o6cy>x4arcr
ilTorH ua6.nroaeuufi, 3anoJrHnror
KaJreHAapb, paccMaTpaBarcT foToByto cTpaHHrIy, noABOAflT r]TOfH npo_
eeAenHoli HeaeJrH. f]o xeaaurrc Aereri oxrn6pucxyro crpaHuuy xanbn_
Aapq MoxHo cpaBHr4Tb c ceHrn6plcxoli,
slrqellTb, r{To H KaK r{3Me_
HHJrocb B noroAe, rax npeb6pasvilacb
Kaprr4Ha rxflsori flpupoAbr B
KaJ.leHAape.
B te.{eHue HeAeJrr.rnpoBoAqrcfl rleJreBbre npofyJtKa no aceli repparopr4u AercKoro caaa. l4x ueJrb cpaBHuBarb pacqBerruBaHr.reAe_
peBbeB, HcKarb Kpacr.rBbre nerisax<u, .{ro6st co3AaBarb r,rHAtrBulyaJrb_
HT,IEH KOJIJICKTHBHbIC
KAPTHHbI, NAHHO HA TCMbI <.IIrc6IIo f IIbIIXHOC
rrpapoAbr yBflAaHbe...>, <<OceHl 3oJrorar>>.
Cneu,nalluoe
BHHMaHHe yAeJrrercfl Ha6.lrcAeunqu u o6cyx<4euurc
c AerbMt4 npr.rMer yKopaquBaroqefocfl AHq. BocnurareJb BeAer Ha rrporyJrKe npr.rMepHo cJreAyroulnri pa3roBop: <<!,eru, Kro H3 Bac 3aMerrjJt,
r{ro flpoHcxo4ur celivac (oceHurc) co ceerrori qacrbro
cyrox? neHl
y B e r H q H B a _ e r c ftl 4 J l Hy M e H b u a e r c s ? A H o . { l y B e r H r { r - t B a e r c fH
l J \ Uy M e H b rryBcTByro, ttro Bce MeHrercq. A sor
ruaercs? f qro-ro He norluy KaK MeHrercq? PaccraxHTe, KTO qro 3aMernJr>>. Bocnzrarelb
BHHMareJrbHo BbrcJ'Iyrxr4Baer BbrcKa3brBaH[tl pe6ar, [oAAep)Kr4Baer frpaBHJIbHbIC COO6UICHHq, XBAJIHT ZA UA6NOftATEJIbHOCTbH VMEHHC XODOruo paccKa3arb npo/ rrBJleHHn. ,[,aer 3aAaHne xa;x4brry pe6eHxy
npoua6.nrc4arb, r{To iefi.{ac no yrpaM H Ber{epaM oHr,rAe.[aror B TeMHore, a paHbue (lerornr u e ceurs6pe) 4e.nanu aro x{e npu rpKoM
AHeBHOMCBere. qepes oAuH-ABa AHf Bocnr4Tarerl soso6HoBrfer pa3foBop c pe6nrauu, Koropbre AeJrrrcrl cBoLtMr4Ha6rrcAeuflqMa 3a H3MEHEHI,I'MH NPOAO.II)KI{TEJIbHOCTH
AH'I H HO'{A. BCC BMCCTEAEJIAIOTBbIBOA: CBeTa CTar'IOMeHb[te, a TeMHoTbt 6o.nture, AeHb yKopaqHBaeTcfl,
A HOI{b Y,II.II{H'ETCfl. BOCNUTATEJIbBbIflCHflET, BTHqCT JII,I
YMCHbIICHI,IC
CBCTOBOIOAHfl HA }KI43Hb PACTCUATiH X{HBOTHbIX, JIYqIIE I{JIH XYX{C
cTaHoBHTCf paCTeHr.rfM. Ha yqacTKe, nTHr-(aM r.t ApytHM )KI,IBOTHbrMOT
TO|O, rtTO AeHb CTa,rrKopoqe, a Hoqb A.rrHHHee.

3aHsrne. EeceAa o Kpore

coAeplKaHne. !,arl AerrM rrpeAcraBJreH
_ npgrpaMMHoe
o6 oco6egsocrqx BHeruHerocrpoeHr4f H rroBeAeHugKpora, o efo [pr{cnoco6.nesHocrHK noA3eMHOMyO6pasy x(H3Hr.r:KOpOrKoeoBaJrbHoe
TeJIo, nepeAHr,reHorl,t, rroxoxne Ha Jronarbr (uvrra rcpor poer noA3eM_
Hurexo4u), orcyrcrBr4e yuHbrx paKoBHH,Mad'reHbKHe
tJra3a,3aocrpeHuurl aurqHyrurl uoc c KoporKHMHycaMr4.
M a r e p H a i l . K a p r a u a < < K p o r u > H 3 B b r r x e y K a 3 a H H o nr oo c o 6 [ q .
30

3aHfl'rvr.
flputr,tePHblt? xoA
r{To
oHI4 fio3HaKoMflTcq c
ceroAHt
coo6uraer
Bocnurare.nr
/I,erqM,
HHTepecHblM )KI,|BOTHbIM,)KHByUIIjM B HaIUUX MeCTaX, yBI' ILeTb KQTOpOIO
KaprI'IHy, HaSBaHI4eroropotl npur10r{rr,rHeBo3MO)KH0.!,eUoucrpnpyer
Ha KaprhHe?
Ilso6paxeull
)KABOrHble
KaKHe
KpbrTo. 3aAaer Boflpocbl:
lAe xuser ceMbr xporoe? Kax oua oKa3aJlacb Ha floBepxHocrl{ 3eM,rH? tlro AeJtalor KporHXa H KporeHoK? Koro oHI'I HaIIJIH? Kar< onu
t{ro
crueuqKa? t{ro Ae.naer apyroli t<poreHon?
cyMerr.{ o6uapy>xurr
t{ro
t{ervr
3ro raKoe (noOHI,I ttHTarcrcq?
AeJraror Kporbl rIoA 3eM,tefi?
t{ro rloMoraer KporaM
Ka3 KyqeK serranu)? Kar osz o6pasoealucl?
HopMaIbHO )KHTb nOA ser\aneli?
!,a.nee BocnHTareJIb paccKa3blBaer AerrM o )KI'I3HH KporoB H tlo
xoAy paccKa3a 3aAaer Bonpocbt, o6ecneqlrBaloulHe noHHMaHue npuc[oco6reHHocrH 3BepbKoB K noA3eMHoMy o6pasy )KHSHH: ttKpor
, r o M a , ' l e H b x u f is e e p e x , p a 3 M e p o M c M o t o J l a A o H b ( n o x a s u t e a e r ) , u a croflulHli noAser4ttllli )KHre,'It,. Kpyr,rlrri roA oH poer xoAbl B rloqBe.
BblHcKHBaer
4ereli.) flpaeurlHo,
Kax elr AyMaere, eaqetra? (Oreeru
BcflKyro MeJIKyIo x(HBHocrb: Aox<AeBbIX vepeeti, HaceKoML'lx, Jll{t{}'IHoK.
Bceu aruu oH nuraercq. r{ro6lt [poKopMl4rb ce6n, euy npHXoAI4Tctl
pbrrb MHoro xoAoB B pa3Hblx Ha[paBreHuqx. Kax Bbl AyMaere, refKo
HJlr.rrpyAHo purr? (Oreeru
aereri.) 3eM,rq rJlorHar, Ho Kporbl xopolxo npxcnoco6JleHbl K STHM yC.IIOBHflM.v sUX KOpOTKatlrycraq tlepKoropafl pacrer ropt{KoM. I'Ix uo>xuo fJIaAI'lrb B JlIoHafl uepcrKa,
6yto cropouy, 14 uepcrKa JItt)Ker raK, KaK ee nof,'IaAunu. Cxaxure,
noqeMy y HLIx raKafl trrepcrl? flovevry Hy)KHo, qro6bl oHa JIo)KHJIacb
Kporbl ABl4falorctl
n rlo6yro cropouy? (Oreeru
aereli.) llpaeulluo,
no y3KHM xoAaM, Mofyr IIoJI3TH BnepeA, Ha3a.4, TaKafl Irlepcrl o6"ler'
qaeT npoABH)KeHHe.
V xporon neo6H.{urte rra3a w yutu. Lnaea MaJIeHbKue, noqru coBaereri.) flpaeulluo,
ceM He Br4Anr. flo.ren,ty oHH He elaAqr? (Oreeru
noA 3eMr'reri TeMHo, HLIqero He BuAHo, f,'Ia3a He Hyx{Hbl. I(ax >xe rporbr HaxoAflr vepeeli, nuquuox? (Oreern
4ereli.) flo sanaxy, oHH t{yror r.rx HocoM. Hoc y Kpora Bbtrquyrufi, xopotlro qyBcrByer 3aIIaxH.
Kar eue Kpor Mo)Ker o6ttapy)Knrl )KHtsttocrb? (Oreerur aerefi.) Eure
y Her-o ecrb ytltn, oli xopotrto c,'ltlull4r. l4e y nero
no uopoxaM yura? (Oreerbl Aereli.) Vu-rn Ha roJlofle, KaK y Bcex, Ho hx He BHAy Kpora raxue yrtrnf
Ho, oHH rlpnKpbtrbl cxnaAxoli KolKH. flovevy
qto(rst B llHX He roIIaJIa 3eMrfl.
(Oreerur aereli.) OHra nplrrputst,
Vursux paKoBHH uer, vro6u oHH He MeutaJIH ABufarbcq tro y3KI'IM xo4avr. Kpor c,TburHT, KofAa KTo-To HAer no 3eMJIe. B sror MoMeHT oH
[epecraer pblTb, 3araHBaerctl. v xpora ueo6ltquue Jlafibl. Kaxue xe?
(Orneru 4ereri.) Jlanlr floxo)KH IIa roflarbl, BeAb .Ilonarofi yao6uo xorraTb 3eMJrro!v rpora oHH KoporKl,le, 3aKaHqHBarcTCf rIaJIbqaMH c lurpoKHMH ocrpblMu KorrRMH. K rort,ry )Ke Jlanbl [oBepHyrbl B cropoHbl.
oAHor? .nanofi, ro 4pyrori. Jlsruurcrc 3eMJIIo estrarKpor ronaer.To
KHBaeT Ha rloBepxHocTb, no3ToMy Mbl Mo)KeM yBlrAeTb B pa3HbIX MeKporoBnult.
crax KyqKH 3eMJIH KorAa 6yAere Ha Jlyry, Bo3JIe Jreca noH[lHTe raKne KyqKI4. Ec.tlu uafiAere, 3HaqHT, B 3THx Mecrax rloA
3l

paccKa3
3eMJreri )K4Byr KpoTbt. Ha ure4yroull1x 3aHgTHflX Mbl 1lpogreM
r,r3KHHrI,t,I,lBbly3HaeTeoApyfl4x}*(HBOTHbIX,noxox(llxHaKpoTa>>'
qro 3apaccKa3arb AoMa flarle u MaMe o Kporax Bce'
3aaaHHe:
I{TO
)KHBOTHbIX.
9TUX
06
3HAIOT
OHI4
IIOMHI,IJIH.CNPOCUTI,

qETBEPTA9HE.qENf,
3aHqr[e.

C.lenue

3eMJleKorlbl

flporpaMMHoecoAep>I<aHLIe.3axpelurr,npeAcTaBJIeHveAerefi o rporax. PacruupHTb HX 3HaHr.{f o xfl4BOTHbIX, )KI'lBylIIl{X B fioqK [oA3eMHouy o6pasy )KI43HI4'
o6
ee,
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t " pzx
" a nnpacnbco6,'IeuHocru
.
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<
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x
o
roruq B KaprHHKax> (paccxag <<C'reKuura
flbre 3eMreKonlt>>), r,ro6yc, MareHbKHe u3o6pa)KeHHn KporoB' 3JlaroKpoToB, cyMqaTblx KpoToB.
3aHrr vtt
f I P r av r e P H b I i l x o A
Bocnatarenb HanoMr4HaeTAeTflM O KapTHHe, Ha KoTopoli uzo6pax(eHaceMbflKporoB,cnparxllBaeroroM,t{ToAoMapoAI4Te'IIUpaccKat{I,lTaeT paccKa3
3aJrr4 AeTflM O KpOTaX, BbrcJry[tr'rBaeT oTBeTbr. 3areu
<<C.nenlre 3eMJIeKO[bl>>AO IIOCJISAHefOa63aUa v 3a4aeT AeTflM BOIIpO-

c b l : H a K a K I 4 X M a T e p I 4 K a X B c T p e q a l o T c f l > K I 4 B o T H b I e ' n o x o x ( I 4 e Ht{erta
aKpo
B paccKa3e rraarepr'rxu.)
Ha-sB_a_HHbre
ua uo6yce
ra? (orucrHBaroT
tleu ouu rloxoxu Apyr Ha Apyfai
orJrr{qaercr 3JlaroKpor or xpora?
C USO6pa>xeuHeMHaceKoBocnnrare.nb [oKa3brBaeT HJrJrrocTpar],r4H
loeopur, qro oHo roKporoM'
c
cxoAcrBo
Moro MeABeAKH, IlMelolqefo
r{HTaer Bonpoc aBTOpa I43 nOpoer
3areM
ee.
I4
B
3eMJIe
)KI4BeT
)Ke
cJre.4Hero a6saua paccKa3a. llpe4.naraer AerflM IIOAyMarb 14 cKa3arb,
nJIaHerroqeMy Kpor H 3IaroKpoT, )KI'{ByUIue Ha pa3Hblx MarepHKax
Ha
noxo)KH
rbr,
Apyfa.
Apyf
HA IJIOBMCCTCC AETbMH OTbICKI4BAIOT
B SAXNrcqCHHCBOCIII4TATEJIb
rlpllKpenKpor,
cyuuarutti
3JlaroKpor,
6yce uecra, rAe x{l'tByr Kpor,
Jrflror Hx li3o6pax{eHI'Ir.
pl'tcyHa c.le,uyroulrfi AeHl BocfIHTareJIb ner{araer paccKa3' AerH
B
CaMOAeJIbI'
r
TO
H
Apyfoe
CK,rlaAblBalor
roT K HeMy HJIJIIOCTpaUHH,
Hyro KHLtfy.
llr.rxn

ua6.n n.u,eHnfi

3a aKBapI'lyM HbtM I'l pu6ar'l n

(npodotttnenue)

7. <<Kax4sIuar pu6u?>
Ha6,nro.nenue
Bo3ryx
o roM; tITo plt6au 4la XH3HI4Hy>KeH
I{e.nl, Aarl Aerq}anpeAcraBJleHl're
-

opfaHoB
OHtt Auruar Bo3AyxoM, HMercrqrMctl B BoAe' flpn rroMolllH cfiequarbHblx
x a O 'Oua
p.Xa6epnot"npo,,',xtu,Koropblenxnpl'{KpblBarcT,pacnoJlox(eHslno6orauroloT-aKpu6a 4ltruur'
nocroqHHo orKpblBarcTctl I4 3aKpbtBalorcfl
-sbr.
pu6xau?>
uauruu
Aersv AaeTcfl 3aaaHHeAnq
<<Jlerro
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8.
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Ha6.lroAenne
caMocroqreJrbHoro na6JroaeHac.
V.Itlrl aourorbHl'IKoB no [oBeAeHHrc pr't6 onpeaenxrL' Hx cocroqHne' Ao[e.nl.
noua6.lnaars
aruroi uoray"a B BoAe. Bocnurare.ns npeAJrafaer A'erslr cauocroqrerbHo
HJIHCna6o, uaea oor6aMH H BbltcHHTr,: UX >ra6epuue"KpbllIIKL OTKpblBaIoTctlCHJIbHO
y noBepxHocru
cro HJIH pe4xo; pu6xu nraBalor no BceMy aKBapHyMy I'IJIHaepxarctl
BceMy aKBapHyMy
no
nJraBapT
cnoroliHr,r,
pur6xlt
ec.nu
eHsoAH:
vqHrs
eoAH.
aeJrirb

32

xa6epnue KpbttuKr.roTKpbrBaloTcqcJlefKa, 3Har{HT,r.tM BO3AyXaXBaTaeT, oHH XOpOIUO
xBaK nOBepxHOCTH,
cc6t uyecrnyrcr. H uao6opoT, ecril ptr6ru uacro noAHr,lMaIOTCq
raroT pToM Bo3lyx HaA SoAOti, a >ra6epuue KpbIlxKI{ pa6oraror CHJII'HO,3HaLIHT,Bo3/lyxa B BoAe va,ro, plt6u 3aabrxaroTcq,HM nJroxo. Heo6xoAnrrro I4M nOMOr.Ib:CMeHITTb
,,i.ro "oAo, (n cne>x-eft6onuure noe,ayxa),Ao,rIrTb BoAbl, ecJIH ee Maro, orcaAltTt' pbl6,
ecJrh Hx oqeHb MHoro, HJru nocTaBr.tTbKoMnpeccop, noAarcqufi Bo3Ayx. llocne oxasant coctoluue plt6.
HHfl noMoluli sa6arcAarl, LIsMeHHJIocb
Ha6,rrcAenxe 9. <HaneAH nopqAoK B aKBapHyMe>>.
rpt3b Ha
I-le.nl. Vqarl 4ereii savreuarb I{3MeHeHI'lHB cocrotlHl'lH aKBapHyMa
H fltTHa
nblJlt'
yMeHbueHl{e
BOAbI,
r.i
cre6ra,
JlHcTbfl
xeJrTbre
Ha
cTeKJlax,
HaJreT
aHe,
Ha cTeK,lax. oqeHuears ax KaK yxyarxeuae yc'roeuii AJls xl.t3HH BoAHbrxo6lrarenefi.
tlucrofo cocroqHufl'
Vqurn Aereft HaBoAHTblroptaoK B aKtsapuyMe,BHAerb Kpacory€fo

! , e r a r r aA a e r c q A o M a u H e e3 a A a H H e : p a c c M o r p e r l p u 6 y ' K o r o p y r c
fJIaAo6part{Tb BHr4MaH[eHa BbrTflHyTOe
MaManoKynaeTB Mara3r,rue.
(reuuyto
I-I
cfIHHy
oKpacKy
Koe (cKoJtbsroe) re,ro, MacKHpoBotIHyIo
cBer,'Ioe 6proruxo), Sopty I4 pacnoJloxeHxe qeuyeK, r{llcrl'lrb Koropble MoxHo To,'IbKo or xBocra K foJloBe. B rpynne AerI'I paccKa3blBAI0T O CBOLIXHA6JIIOACHI,IflX.
BbrJrefrJreHHbrMH
fIpo4o.n>xarcTcf r.trpbr c fJr14HfHbrMH r43AeJrr-raM14,
KorreKTuBHo. Ecrl'I B I{rpe c,ry'lafiuo rrro-To pas6ueaercfl' Bocnllracyxaq UIHHa rBepAafl' Ho
re,rl o6cy>r<4aer, nor{eMy 3To cryr{Hrocb:
xpyrrKafl, or yAapa rlerKo paccbll]aercfl Ha KycKl' l. Ha r.nasax y Aerefi
BOCrrHTaTeJrl npo6yer frorlt4HnTb pas6uryrc r4fpytuKy: cMarII,IBaeT Kpan
eoAoil, pa3Mffr{aeT fJrHHy, coeAgHfleT qacTg r,r cTaBnT Ha AJlr.ITeJIbHOe
I'I BK,'Ircqalor B
fIoAKpauHBaIor
urpyl]]Ky
npocbrxaHHe. Brtcoxruyrc
Hfpy.
3arr

rne.

9ro

qenoreK

AeJIaer H3 ruIlaHbl?

f l o s u a r o M l 4 r L 'A e r e l i c p a 3 co!,eplKaHue.
fIporpaMMHoe
bIMI,I H3 I,IH HbI ( CYECUTPU, NOCYAA
I,tflMI4, CO3AAHH
)',II.ATI
,IIHI{HbIMH I43ACJI
npeAcTaBJlesue o6 H3foroBJIeHHI'l Kl4pnHrleil u ux 3HarleHI'lHB CTpOHqro rflHHa 6uteaer pa3Hatl rro qBery H Kar{ecrTe,.rr,crBe. coo6uurl,
rJIHHbt .II,eJIaIor croJloBylo nocyAy. llosHaxoBy, r,r3 xopoureti 6eloli
nrpyurxopt
AbIMKoBcKoIl,
c HapoAHoIi rnHHquori
MHrb Aerefi
6H,ruMoHoecxofi.
flpocrafl I.{ xyAo}KecrBel{Hafl TJIHHa' KepaM[r{ecKl4e
MarepHa.n.
H3AerHq, $aRHconan a QapQopoBafl nocyAa, rJlI'IHflHbleroplxKH' KI4pfluq, r,rJrJrrocrpaIIHLIc uso6pareHHeM Kl'lpngt{Hblx crpoeHuli. Boc[l'ITareJrb opraHH3yer MHHH-BbICTaBKyC rpeMfl 3KC[o3HquqMH: l) r<epaf.IIHHflHOIi urpyulxoti;
2)
MHqecKHMr4 fl3AerrHflMLI H nocyAoll;
h
Kr4prrlrqaMn.
KI4pnHqa
H3
crpoeuufi
3) n,rnrocrpaullflMlt
xoA 3aHfl'TLrfl
fIprauePHbIti
l -n ,aacma. .[,eru paccuarpuBalor !l cpaBHHBaIor npocrylo H xyAo)KecrBeHHyIo fJItlHy, BbtAertllor I't Ha3blBanr orrgr1ge. floAroraergBatoT fJIHHy A.rIf JIenKH.
2-n "Lacma. Ocrraorp BbtcraBKI'I. Bocnnrare.nb floflcHqer, KaK AeJraor pa3Hble H3.ue,'rufl, KaK I{ 3ar{eM ux o6xurarcT B ner{n. Aeru ocxpacoroti [peAMeroB.
MarpHBaror no oqepeAH 3KCnO3HIIHH,lrc6ynrca
Bocnurarenb HanoMuHaer, qro Bce oqeHb xpy[Koe, JIerKo 6lercR
2 Hu*oru"ua. Meroa. noc.

33

TaKue cBoricrBa y fJrHHbr.EcJu s AercKoM ca.uy HMelorcr roHqapHbre
pe6nr c aTLIMH[peAKpyrr.{,uySurlHaa rrer{b,BocnnrareJlb 3HaKoMHT
MeraMr.r(a e 4allueliureu noKasbrBaer,KaK HMI,InoJlb3ylorcfl). BosJre rperberi 9Kcfro3r.ru,t,tu
BocrruTareJrbpaccKa3breaer o6 I,r3roroBJIeHH
xupnuvefi, npeAJraraerAerqM rpofaTb, noAHuMarbHX, foBopHr o 3HaqeHHHarofo crporiMarepuaJla.
3-n qacmo. !,eru 6epyr c BbrcraBKHno oA,HoMyrpeAMery B Kar{ecrBe o6pasqa r,r Jrerrfr cBoe LI3AeJII,Ie
H3 xopourefi rrHHbl. CoeAaerctr HoBafl 3Kc[o3r4quqAercKHXpa6or.

PAEOTA C .qETbMh B HO'SPE
NEPBAf, HEAEN9

ptt6avn Mo)Ker 6atru npoI-lux.n ua6;rrcAenafi3a aKBapI4yMHbtMI-l
Aod'rxeH.Co4ep>xauaeMHa6.[oAeunii uoryr crarb BLIAoBbteoco6eHHocru pu6. Hanpunaep, ecJlr4B aKBapr{yMepu6u pasubrx cJIoeB BoAbr
TorAa qerecoo6paauo Ha6nrcAarr raKue MoMeHTbr:KaKHepor6lt uaur.e
npe6lroarcr y noBepxHocru BoAbr,B ToJIule, Bo3JIeAHa (saAaHHeA.nq
caMocrofre,'rbHoro Ha6,'rnAeHr4f
); xax 6epyr xopu (us KopMyIUKH,Ha
rery, co6aparor co 4ua); xaxoe HMeIor crpoeHHe AaHHbtepu6u (uatrpnMep, Kpanqarbrecour.rxu), pu6u nepxuHXcJroeBeo4u (Hanpl4Mep
.nanearycur); KaK He3aMerHlt pu6tt c MacKupofyflrn, MeqeHocrrF,r,
so.rHori oxpacxori rena (couttxtz, .nuuearyclt).
poraH H Ap.),
EcrH e aKBapayMex(HByr xHU{Hbrepu6u (urax.nuAbr,
To c ,nerbMu MolKHo Ha6flroAarb AX sarauBaHue, 6pocoK-HalaAeHue
Ha )KeprBy (xopu), oco6euuocru crpoeHrs (6oluuraa foJloBa, por,
ocrpbre sy6u).
KopMyuKa A,'rfl IITr4u,HaHa yuacrxe AercKofo caAa BbrBelul,rBaercfl
r-ruHaercflHX noAKopMKa,Koropafl npoAoJlxaercfl Ao KoHI{a uapra. 3ru
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M a r e p H a , ' r . 6 o " [ u u ] a q e M K o c r t ,c e o A o l i , J l o r t a r K l , ta; K B a p H y Mc
pu6anru; Kapr[Hbr c lrso6paxeHHeM lrrytueK.
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IlpnrraepHbllixoA 3aHrrLItl
Bocnnrare.nb 3aAaer AerqM Bonpocbr: Mox(Ho .ul pu6 Ha3btBarb
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O6HTarerflMU? r{ro r,lM noMoraer [ocTofHHo )KHTb e eoAe?
nopu6u
npucnoco6neHbr K )KH3HHs eoAe? floveuy cJIo)KI4JIacb
Kax
foBopKa <<t{yncreonarbce6t rax pu6a B BoAe>>?
34

3areru AerI4 npaKTlrqecKlj HcrIbITblBaIor cBolicrBa BoAbI 14 Bo3ryxa:
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Aerrz
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3arerra IaAer 6eceAa o JtflryluKe: oHa Irpllcloco6JleHa K xH3HH I'l B
BOAe, r.r Ha 3eMJIe, [O3TOMy npo Hee Mo]KHo CKa3arb, qro oHa o6uTaTeJIb 3eMJrH t4 BoAbt (SenauOeO4uoex(HBOTHOe).BOCnuraTeJIb BbltlcHrer, Mo>Ker JIH JIrryIxKa 6blcrpo [,laBarb B BoAe, KaKHe oco6eguoIIoMOfaIOT eil B 3TOM, MO)KHO [tvr ee Ha3Barb
crH, crpoeHHfl
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B nocreAueh ,tacru saHflrklr Bocfll4rareJlb npoBoAHT Hrpy-copeBKaKar' r43 ultx g,acr 6o,rlHoBaHHe Me)K.$/ AByMff rpyn[aMl4 Aereti
rue rpaBlrJrbHblx orBeToB Ha Bonpocbl: r{eM pu6u t't d'IflryuKl4 orJIHqarorcfl Apyr or apyra? 9eu pu6u 14,'ItlfylxKl4 noxo)Ku Mex(4y co6ori?
Beueponr Bocrlurarerb npeAJlaraer AerqM B AoMauHHX ycnoeanx (n
aauue) eqe pa3 I4cnblTarb rlJloTHocrb BoAbI: flporacKllBarb HfpylxKH'
xoAr,rrb B BoAe I-r np. !,aer raK)Ke 3aAaHHe rlol'IcKarb KHlzx(KH, HJIJIIocrparlr4r.r npo pa3Hblx BoAHblx >KI4BOTHblx.Ha cne4yrcu1ufi 4eHl B CBOBner{arreHl'1flMu, paccMarpuBalor
6oAuoe BpeMa Aeru o6uenllBalorcf
KHr4ft4, HJrJrrocrpatrgu c uso6paxeHl,IflMlt HoBblx B6AHbIX o6gTarereli,
paccMarpuBalor r,'ro6yc u HaxoArr Mecra, rAe )KHByr 3TH o6uTare/lu.
fI po4o.nxaercfl o3Ha KoM,'te HHe Aeretl c npn poAHbIMH MarepI4aJIaMI'I.
Komn.rexcHoe

3aHqr[e.

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neqKa, ruIHHbl I{ KaMHefi

c o A e p > x a H I ' te . V r o q s u r l n p e A c r a B J l e H a rA e fl po rpa M MHoe
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lrx.
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puar.
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fBosAfl, MoJIoroK, AocKLI AJIfl JIeIIKH, QaHepa HJIII noAHoc
rcfi, 2-3
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fpaxAarb Aerefi 3a npaBuJlbHble orBerbt.
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necoK (cyxoli) H KaMHLI, necoK LI rJIHHy, KaMHI'I H fJIHHy- C rax<Aoti
napoli MarepHaJIoB npoBoAflTcfl orlblrbl I4 ceHcopHoe o6creAoBaHHe:

2*

35

UX paCCMaTpHBalOT,
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ua6"rrrc4arcr, KaK npoucxoAnT oceAaHr4eHa AHo MarepuaJroB (onr,lr
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pasa), AeJ'rarorBbrBoA,qro KaMHHrfl)KeJree recquHoK, oceAaror paHbue. B copeeuoeaHur.rKoMaHAbrorBeqalor rro oqepeAr4,3a rax<Auri npaeunluuri orBer floJryuarcr Snruxy. BocnHrare,rl
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copeBHoBaHr.tf.
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$uuKLr,oflpeAeJrrtor pe3yJrbrarbrcopeBHoBaHr,rfl
. KouaHAa-no6e4nrell 4eJraer Kpyf [oqera, Apyfafl anlo4upyer er.r.
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ou o6paqaer BHHMaHue
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4nop. B Aa,'IbHeriueMBocrrr,rrareJrb
BTOPAT HEAEn9

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KopMoM rroAKapMJrrzBarb
rrrnrl, xax co6upart x.ne6uure KpotlKr4 raApyfue cyxHe.ocTaTKr4
tluTaHr{fl,KaK r4XXpaHHTb,B KaKOeBpeMfl BbrKJlaAbrBarb Ha KopMytuxy. !,erra BMecre c BocfruTareJreMHaxoAfr uan6o.nee y4o6ulre Qopnau opfaHr{3arlr4x noAKopMKHrrrr4rl.
q u n ue
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KoMHarHbrepu"t""it"

ll po rpaM MHoe coAe p>KaH1e
4. C$opvrzpoBarb
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JIHcrbflMurpe6yerca MHofo B,'rafr4,oHx poAoM r43 Br'la)KHbrxMecr, HX HaAo qacro
IroJrHBaTb,
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K 3a[acaHl4ro BoAbr r4 MaJIoMy ee pacxoAoBaHurc. florueart
KoMHar36

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THTIHTTHbIC NPCACTABHTEJIH

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aJroe, rpaAecKaHquq u araBa, L(H[epyc n KpacyJlfl vI Ap.), fJlooyc.

l'l

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llpuuepHbrfi
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noMeuleHr4rl MHofo Kpact-IBbIXKoMHarHbtx pacreuutl, Koropble 6naroAapfl 3a6ore Ae)KypHbIX xopotilo ce6a uyecreyror. B 6eceAe AerH BcIIoMr.iHarcT, KaKr4e ycJ'IoBl.tfl ueo6xo4uruu BceM pacreHHtlM, r{To6bl oHH
xopolxo pocr'rH, Ha3bIBaIOTt'tx o6uue norpe6HocrH B BoAe, cBeTe, TenJIE,

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r{To KoM!,a.nee BocrrurareJlb paccKa3blBaer AorxKoJIbHHKaMo roM,
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ce6q Ha poArHe pacryr B cbrpbrx, ga6oloqeusblx Mecrax, TaM BcerAa
BJraxHbre noqBa H BO3AyX. TarUe pacTeHl.lfl fIpI4BblK,'IH, qTO BOAbI BCerAa B AocrarKe, ee Mo)KHo He 3allacarb BrIpoK. V unx qaue Bcefo
TOHKHe, MtrKIle rHcTbq, H HX or{eHb MHolo.
Ecrn pacreHnfl, Koropt'Ie y ce6a Ha poALtHe )KHByr B cyxux, coJIHeqHbrx, r,rHorAa or{eHb )KapKHx Mecrax Ha 6eAHbIX necr{aHblx l4ilH La>Ke KaMeHucrbrx rroqBax. B arux Mecrax Ao)KAI4 I4.[yr peAKo, no3ToMy
BJrarH B rroqBe coBceM uer. Pacreufit, Koropbte x(I,tByr B 3TI,IX Mec3allacarb BoAy Tax, npuBbrK,'ru Tepnerb 3acyxy H flpucnoco6nnuc*'
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HHX

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3arena BocrrarareJrb craBHT nepeA AerbMH ABa pacreHvfl:. ailo? u
rpaAecKaHqrarc. cnpaurHBaer y Aereli Ha3BaHvfl pacreuut?, ecJIH OHLI
3HaKoMbr c HHMI4, I.{JIHHa3blBaer HX caM, ec/tlt pe6arau 3TH pacreHr4fl Her.r3Becruu. llpe4laraeT HX paccMorpeTb 14paccKa3arb npo HHX:
qro6u Aerl,I Ha3BaJIH
orlrcarb cHar{ara oAHo, noroM Apyroe. cle4ut,
Bce oco6eHHocru cre6refi, JIHcrbeB. KorAa oIIucaHI4e KoHt{HTcr, 3aAaeT TaKr.reBonpocbl: KaKoe I43 3THX AByX paCreUufi MOX(eT 3anacaTb
nogy? Karoe He Mox<er? Kar y3HaJIH, r{To aros sarlacaer n.nary? flor{eMy peur4Jrr4, tITo rpaAecKaHlll,lfl He AeJIaer 3anacoB? lloueruy a.noa
AOJr)KHO3anacarb noay? B KaKLIX Mecrax oHo pacrer ua po4uue? B
KaKHX Mecrax pacrer rpaAecKaHur4fl. Ha po4uHe? Kax >xe MbI A0JI)K3a HHMI,I: oAHHaKoBo noJII4Barb HJIIz lro-pa3Houy? Kax
Hbr yxaxuBarb

no-pasuouy?
37

Bocnurare,rb_npoAoJrlKaer: <<Tenqpl nocnyuralire, q paccKaKy npo
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crenefi (noxasunaer ua r.no6yce). B srux Mecrax xapKo H cyxo, Ho
LJlfl aJro3_xopolxo. Tau aro pacreHr4e rlBerer opaHxeBo-KpacHbrM
rrBeraMH.Mecruoe HaceJreHr,re
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r4 r.rclloJrb3yerefo
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or MHoTHX6oresHerl: o)KofoB, npocryAbr Ap. B xouHarntx ycnoBHflx ad,ro3r{Berer oqeHb peAKo. I,la nucrlee 3Toro pacreHl,tff rr3roTOBrqtoTKoBpbI, MOpCKHeKaHaTbr.
..Tpa4ecrauquq pacrer e 6oJorucrblx Mecrax rcxuori uacru Cerepuorl ArraepuxH(noxastrBaer Ha rno6yce). Ceoe HaseaHuesro pacreHHe nofl) {H,'ro no $aMtunuu aHr.nuricxoro caAoBoAa !,xoua Tpa4ecKaHTa, xoropuui )KHJrB AHr.ruH 300 ,rer Hasa4 (nora3brBaer AHr.nnru
ua r.no6yce). OH oqesl Jrrc6nJrpacreHr4fl, e3ArlJrt.lo pa3HbrMcrpauaM,
co6apa;r HX, 3areM BbrpaxlHBaJrB cBoHX caAax. C rex nop rpaAecKaHU,uqpac[pocTpaHr4Jracb
rro BceMy MHpy KaK KOMHaTHOe
pacreHHe.
Oua pacrer JrerKo, 6lrcrpo, ee ro.rrbKo HaAo MHoro rloJrnBarb, TaK
KaK oHa poAoM r,rs6onorucrL,lx Mecr.
.B nocne4ueli ,lacru saHqrufl Aera o6xoAflT fpy[noBoe rroMeu_(e
HHe, paccMarpnBaror pacreHr.rfl, HaxoAflr cpeAa HHx sacyxoycroriuu_
Bbre H e.[arorro6unbre, peularor, KaK HX HaAo rroJrlrBarb.
B noclegyroulue AHH Aerlt BMecre c Bocnr-lrareJreMcoBepuaror
SKCKypCHIO
rro AeTcKoMycaAy, ocMarpr4BarorpacreHaq B xoJrJre,KoM_
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DACTEHHfl.

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.uncru?

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coAepxaHHe.
!,arl AerflM flepBoHaqaJrbno
[peAcraBJreHue o rrycrbrHe: 6o.rrlruue npocrpaHcrBa 3eMJrr4 rrecqaHbIe r,rJr'r{KaMeHHcTbre, rAe r'reToM or{eHb }KapKo H cyxo, TaK KaK peAKo HAyr AoxAr.r. B nycruue MaJro pacrnre/rbHocru,
TaM pacryr roJrbKo 3acyxoycroliqu alIe pacre HHq: AepeBo caKcayJr, KoJrror{HeKycrapHz KH.
O6osHa.{rrl
3aKoH rrpr4poAbr: Bce pacreHI,tfl r,r )KLIBorHbre )KI4Byr B
Tex Mecrax, K KoropbrM oHH rrpncnoco6leulr,
rAe oHH ce6n uyecrnyror KaK 4otrla. VrovHHTb c AerbMLt npeAcraBJreHr,teo npucnoco6leHHocru 3HaKoMbrx r,rM )KHBorHbrx: 6enoro MeABeAfl, Kpora, JrfryruKu.

prr6.
Mare pvail. Ksura <<SxorornqB KaprHHKax>>
(paccxa3<lAe y
caKcayJra
nncrla?>>),r.no6yc,KapruHa<<Kapanau
nep6lro4on>>r.

l l p u r r a e p Hb I I , I X O N 3 A H f l T L I f l
B o c n u r a r e l b c n D a r r r H B a eyr AeTefi, BHAeJT
nu.xro-su6yAb nycrbrHto, 6rrsan JtH KTo-To e uefi. llpe4raraer BceM rrocMorperb Kaprrj, , . ' C u . : H n x o f l a e s a C . H . , M e u x o s a H . H . K a p r u u l r H 3 x x 3 H H A o M a u H H xx H B o r sux: Vqe6so-HarrqAHoe noco6ae. M., 1992.

38

6o.nuuraRrrycTbtHfl(nuleeuHnaer KapTHlty, Ha roroporl r.1306pa)KeHa
"y uKapa"uu eep6nro4oe>t).3a4aer Borlpocbl:Kro I'l3o6paxeH Ha Kap,Hue? Cxonlro nep6.irroAoe?LIro oHr{ AeJrarcT?lAe uaxoAnrcfl Be,p6./rI{)AbIH fIofoHIqHKH? flouervry flycrblHfl Hso6paxeua xe'rrofi? 9ro
oKa3aJlHcbB flycrbll)acrer e nycruue? flouenay eep6lro4tr r.r JroAr-r
ire? Tpyauo 1r4 t4M I'tArH rto nycruHe? llouervry npo eep6'nrcAa foBoHro eep6lrory noMofaer.noAoJlfy HaX(HBOTUOe>>?
pfr <<rlycrblHHoe
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3areu eoinIlrarerb
r<Hntu <<3xoJlorl,Ifl B KaprHHKax,, (ao IIocJleAHefo a6saqa)' Vroquser,
KaKe|o[oHflJ|HAeTI,I:flpocuTHXpaccKa3aTb,KaKHa3blBaeTcflAepe.
Bo'pacTyuleeBnycTblHe,KaKHeyHefoJII,|cTbfl'qeM.oHooTJIuqaeT.
crr oT AepeBbeB Ha yr{acTKe AercKofo caAa'
r{TO AeTU XOpOIXO
B xouue 3alHflTlrfl.BOCrrHTaTeIb foBopr.rT o TOM,
no3HaKoMLlJII,lCbCOAHHM3aKOHOMrlpHpoAbl-nepBbIM3aKOHoMsKO,'tofr.rH; r{HTaer nocJIeAHIllT a6sau paccKa3a, rAe oH cQopMyJIl"lpoBaH'
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B JIeCy' 14 CKaV3 KHVtlt4, Koropblx Ha6ilI}Aanu B yfoJIKe npxpo^bl'
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39

TPETbT HErqEnt
llpo4o.nxaercrr noAKopMKa rrrr.rq: y Aereft Bbrpa6arbrBaercrr[pltBbrqKaperyJrflpHo r{ opraHH3oBaHHoBbrKJraAbrBarb
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Pnc. l. Moae"rb cvro,tHbrxrsueueunil

40

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xoJroAHee?I4gueuuracb .rrHrroroAa e uon6pe? Kax 3To BHAH0H3 Kareu4apn? Kax aHrrrrAeJruAepeBbfla Kycrbr e ceHra6pe, oxra6pe, uoa6pe? Kax Menqrcr noKpoB 3eMJrHocenlrc? 9ro cra,ro oceHbr,oc Haceroulruu? llovelry oHH ecrb Ha KaJreHAape
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Ha TeMy oceHH 3apaHee pa3BeuaHbrB ApyroM noMeuleHHH:pasAeBa,'lKe, cnaJlbHer.r r. a.). !,eru cuorpflT KapraHbr,AeJrrrcr B[er{arreHr4flMH, Boc[r{TareJrbHa3brBaerxyAo}KHHKoB,Ha3BaHr,rtKaprxH. OAHoBpeMeHHo3Byr{Hr My3blKan. 14. qaftxoecKoro <<OrrR6pl>>.
B noc,reAserl .racru 3attrrlafl BocfrurareJrb [peAJraraer caMrlM AerqM cAerarb KpacoqHbrri pr-rcynox Ha reMy oceHr4.!,eru prlcyror rroA
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c flecKonr, uuuoli, KaMHflMH,BocfruTaTeJrbyToqHfleTc AeTbMH3HaqeHHerrprrpoAHbrxMaTepHaJroB
AIrr )Krr3HH

42

}KHBOTHbIX.

Blrrecre ocMarpl4Balor yroJtoK rIpHpoAbI, BblfcHqlor: flecoK Hy]KeH
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papnyMe; KaMHH He Hy)KHbl HHKOMy, Ho OHI4 MofyT 6blrb Ha necKe B
aKBaprdyMe, 3a HLiMI4pU6xtl Moryr [pflTaTbcf, KaMHH MOX(HOrIOMeK ITHI{e B Kr'lerKy; ull4Ha He Hy)KHa
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PABOTA C RETbMh B iqEKAEPE
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Jrecy, HarrpaB,rleHHblx Ha coSAaHHe vilr1 noMep)KaHI'Ie xopolxux ycJlosufi, rnfl pacreuufi H )KHBorHbtx 6nuxafiurero oKpy)KeHun. 3ra pa6oTa AoJr)KHanoMoqb I,lM oco3Harb 3Har{eHue floryr{aeMblx 3HaHHIi o fIpHpoAe, HcnoJrb3oBarb HX B pa3JII,IqHblX [paKTI{qecKI4x AeJIax.
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[ocrynKH Aereli, I4x HHl,tuaaruua; 7) HHTepecHbte Ha6JIIoAeHI'Ir B npl4poae; 8) caMocrorreJlbHoe BbIpaurHBaHHe pacreHnri (nyxa H Ap.).
43

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44

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45

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46

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47

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E,rs 48

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19

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Bocnurrtears.y 4erefi HHTepecK >KI43HH
Jreca, yquTb Br,rAerbKpa
cory JrecHoro nefiga>xaHa KapruHax.
p v a J r . P _ e n p o 4 y x q z f i K a p r r 4 H r , r 3 B e c r H b r xx y A o x H u K o B
-. $rI_"
14. 14. Illuutxusa <1Vrpo B cocHoBoM6opyr, <<JlecHtreaalur, ..Co_
cHoebffi 6op>>,Vl. C. Ocrpoyxosa <<3oflorafloceHb>, Vl. Vl. JleearaoBepesoeaq poJ[a_>, A. 14. Kyun42r<ra<<Eepesonaa pou{a>
la .
b. Ir'I. BacHeqosa <.II,y6u>; Kapr,Hbr r{s noco6}rri AJrfl AercKoro caAa
H ruKoJrbr.Ha KOTOpbTX
Ltso6paxeuu Jrec a recHbte )Kr4BOTHbre
Ha ero
QoHe: <Meaeexsq 6epnora>>,<<Bo.''.{bfl
craq s,Naori>>,
<3a'r1 Ha Jre}K
re>, <Ee.rxu cnacalorcfl or KyHl,rqlt>>,
<<JIocHB 3HMHeMlecy>>, <<Ce
Mbfl BoJrKoBJreroM>>,<<Ceulg e>xefi>, <<KynaHrae
ue4nexar> j <<CeNr
locefi JleroM>, <EelxH c 6ers,laraMu B JrerHeM Jrecy>, <MeAseAH
aecHoli>>,<<6elxu crpofr I.He3Aa>>,
<<Me4ee4nB oceHHeMnecv>. <3a_
R u B o c e H H e MJ I e c y ) . < C n R , l K ae ) K a ) , ,< . B e n x no c e H b t o ' r . C n e u r z a . n

HO NOAIOTOBJICHHbIC TCKCTbI CTI,IXOTBOPCHAIi SHAI\4CHHTbIX NO3TOB:
O

<3aunee yrpgrl
sHMe 4 9 flyrur<una, <<3uua> tr4. 3. Cypuxo_
n1 <<Mopo3-BoeBoAa>>
Ha 4. I-I"^pacoBa, <Mere,rl>. kl. A. 6yuuna,
<<flopouta>>,
<<Eepesxa>C. A. EceHuHa; o BecHe ..Eule Aym xor'roAHbre
Berpbr...>>A. C. flyurxuua, <<Becua>>
A. H. ll.neuleesi, oBor
yx{ cHef nocle4Huli B rroJreraer...>> A. K. To,rcrolo, <<3e,renrrirlUyrr,I>
H. A. HexpacoBa, <<Bcereuneri rz xy4prneri 6epesoel'i rec 3e,reHe
er...>>tr4. A. SyHuua; o Jrere <KpecrbflHcKue Aerr4>>H. A. He_
KpacoBa, <<KaxAsrvxofi Aa,rs no,reri 3aKpbrBHa noJrr{aca...>>
14. A. BvHHHa; o6 oceHn
.Vssrlaq
nopa! Oqeri ouaponaule!..r
< E u r e B q e p aH a c o r r H r l eN 4 . r r e f l . A
. . .> A
>. Oera, <<Ocesr>
4.9lty-nuHa,
A . H . M a r i x o e a , < < C r a e s a so c e H l ! 3 4 o p o n l r r i , f l A p e H b r f i . . . i>f . A . H " _
KpacoBa, <<3ariqax>>
A. A. Bnoxa, <<Jlucrona4>>
I,I. A. Byuuuar. lloA_
foraBJrr.rBarorcfl
HrpyruKa crapr4r{oK-recoBHrtoK,
I]lpeAMerHbre
Kaprr4H
xu c aso6pax{eHrreMxsofiHltx 14JrHcrBeHHblx
Kycral,}Ht4Ko
AepetsbeB,
.[ecHbrxflfoA, Myflq>xurpa60e, o6'basreHae o6 0rxprrrur,r BbrcraBKu
Penpo4yr<.qvH
KapruHnpeABapr4rerbHo
pa3BerxHBarorcre sane (xo,r.
.ne), r<oropltil sa 2-3 AHq craHoBarca rapraHuori ra.nepeeft.Kapru_
Hbr rpynnr4pyroTcrrB r{eTbrpe 3Kcno3HUHr,r
|IO ce3oHHOMynpH3HaKy
Mex<ay HHMr4BHcflTTeKcrbr HeKoropbrxcrxxorBopeuuh.
l l p a r r a e p H b t l i x o A 3 a H f l rv f l
I -n qacma. Bocnlrrare,rl coo6ulaer, r{To Ha 3aHflTHerrDuuer cra_
pr.IqoK-JrecoBHrroK,
xoropuri xoqer yc,,rbrrlarb,r{To pe6ara sHaruTnpo
rec. 3a4aer Bonpocbr: xro 6lr.n n necy? t{ro cu4enu rau? gro pac_
rer B Jlecy? Karr-re )KHBorHbrexneyr? Jlecoea,lox c,ryrxaer, xBa,,r'r
Aererj, . Koropbre xoporxo paccKa3brBalornpo nec. 3aiena coo6u{aer,
I cu.: Hrxoraeaa
c, H., Meurxooa H. H. Kaprruu yue6Ho-uarnr4uolo noco6'rR
,IUrt AercKofo caAa. 2-e nst. M.. 1990.
2 He npane4eHHoro
cn'cKa uoryr 6urtu r,cnoJrl€oBaHbrHe Bce cr,xorBooeHr.rq. a
TOJTbKO
HeKOTOpbreHa ycMoTpeHHe BOC[tjTaTe,'lf.
50

qTo caMble fJIaBHble )KHTeJIII JIeCa AepeBbq, ux MHOIO' OHI' I BbICOKHe. BblcTaBJrfleT rrpeAMeTHbre KapTHHKr,rc I,r3O6pa)KeHI4eMpa3HbIX AepeBbeB, fipocHr pe6or Ha3Barb Iax. CnparuuBaer, KaK ouu ysualu 6e3araAKy:
cocny, ocl'lHy' 3araAlteaer
ilesy, ay6, pa6rlny, KJIeH, eJIb,
[oqepHeeT>.
rro)KeITeeT, naAeT
<<cular 3eJreHeeT, JreTr4T
(Jftacr 4epeea.)
r{To Jleca 6ltearcr pa3Hble: cMeuaHHble' KorAa BcrpeCoo6uaer,
r{arorcf Bce aTH AepeBbf; xsolinste reMHble .neca (ratira); e 6epeso3ro cBer,'Ible Ieca; B CocHoBoM
Bbrx pouax p.acryr o4uv 6epesbr
cMoJloli'
naxHer
rlpuflTHo
TaM
oArua cocur,l,
6opy
6yzuB cnaeruasHoM Jlecy noA AepeBbqMH pacryr KycrapHaKt4
pac3eMJIe
Ha
suxe
Ha, dleulHHa (Operuurar), recHafl Ma.IIHHa. Eue
noJlecosa'{or
fpl46bl.
KycTapHuqKr4,
rrfoAHbre
Tyr TpaBbt, MareHbKHe
eT
Ka3trBaeT KapTHHKl.{C Vteo6pareHneM KyCTapHHKOB,SaTeM Br'lcTaBJIfl
AeTflM CTHXH H 3afaAKI4, |IpOCHT HaftTI'l OTMyJtflx(H rp"^6oe. guraer
faAKH.
B .{aue Jleca, BAo"'lbrponHHoK
Ou crour cpe/tr4 ocIzHoK.
Lllannxa ecrb, Ho Her na.'lbro.
OrraAalire, aro xro?
(llodocuuoaurc.)
BAo.nr .necHurxAopoxeK
MHoro 6e"rux Ho)i(eK.
B urqnxax pa3HoqBerHblx,
V l s g v n s 3 a M e r H b t x .c o 6 n P a i l .
3To ...
H e N a e u r x a q -,
(coLPoecrcrcu)'

Ee.rufi rpr6
6e.nurri rpu6-6oPoBIzK
Bcex rpu6on orruqHee:
Eorarups -.recool'tx
C ronoeoii xopavuenofr.

I r rpacuofi ulanoqKe Pacry
Cpearz xopuefr oc[HoBblx.
MeHn ynl.r4nrub 3a BePcrY,
3oeycr a ...
(no0ocunoaurc).
Her rpn6on ApyxHeli, qeM 3rH.
3uarcr e:pocnble H aeru
Ha nesuxax pacryr B JIecY,
l(ax necuyruxr Ha HocY.
(Onnma.)

Myxomop
Bosne aeca Ha ottylxKe,
Vxpaurax reuultti 6oP,
Bsipoc necrputi, xax flerPYrura,
faoenrun; MyxoMoP.
E. Atercceeea

flocle rpu6oe JIecoBIlqoK noKa3blBaer recHble rIroAbI
Kax, upocuT Ha3Barb nx. 3afaAblBaer 3araAKH:
Ha nonqHre y aopoxKl'l
KpacHuIe ropotttltHbl.
Kro uuruo npofr4er,
Bcqx e por K ce6e K,laaer

tlepueHtxa,
Pe6qral,l

Ha KapTI,IH-

MaJIeHbKa, cJIaAeHbKa,
MIlJIeHbKa.

(VePnurca.)

(3ennnnurca.)
noABoAI'IT I'ITor' <<AerH' q BI'Ix(y' JIecoBI4qoK AoBoJIeH
Bocnurare,rb
paccKa3aMu: sH 6ntsarl'l B Jlecy H MHoro-e B HeM
orBeraMl,t,
Balxr,rMH
aro saMeqareJrbHoe rrpr4poAHoe 6Orarcrso. Tyaa xoBr.rae,rrH.JIec 14 flroAaMI'I, B JIec xoAflT orAblxarb' HaAflT He roJIbKo sa rpu6auu
51

crax{Aarbcq rntuuHori, npox.na4oti, rlr4crbrMBo3AyxoM, rreHUeM[THu,
JrecHbrMH
txopoxaMH. JIec ua.4o 6epevl u rreHHTb,
. oH Kpacr,rBBo BCe
BpeMeHaro4a. Tor, KTo r{yBcrByer Kpacory Jreca, HanoJrHqercflxopoluHMH, 4o6pulrlr rryBcrBaMr.{.V. nosroa pox(Aarorcfl cruxtr; xyAo}KHHKr.r,oqapoBaHHbreKpacorori, nuuyr Kaprr4Hbr.Mu cefiqac nori4eu c
BaMfi B KaprHHHylo faJreperc, Koropyrc ycrpoHJtH B 3aJre. Blrcraexa
Ha3brBaercfl <<Kpyrnuri foA B ,'recy>>.Ha uefi npeAcraB.[eHbrKaprr.rHb
- nerisax<ncroB, Koropbre nurxyr rrpHpoAy,14aHHMaJrHcroB
xyAoxHr.rKoB
KOTOPbIC PHCY}OT )KI4BOTHbIX. ThU

CCTI KAPTHHbI OqEHb H3BECTHbIX XY.

AoIKHHKoB:lllunrruHa, Jlesuraua, Kyuuaxlr, BararHHa. Blr yeu4nre
,lec B pa3Hoe BpeMf roAa, ero o6urareneri )KlrBorHbrx,Koropbre
TaM IIOCTOflHHO >KHByT>>.

2-n ,acicmo.BocnnrareJrb BeAer aereri (a necoelrqxa) Ha BbrcraBt<y, o6parqaer BHHMaHr.te
ua o6tqeJIeHr.re.quTaer efo. r-oBopzr, r{To
Kaprr.rHbr6y4yr nucerb HecKo.rrbKoAuefi, 4erl cMoryr ux noivorpert
eule pa3 BMeCTeC pOAr,rTeJrflMH.
_ B xapruuHori ra.tepee rHXo r.rrpaerMysbrKa,pasAaercflnesae nrtq.
Bbcnlrrare.nb noKa3brBaernocJteAoBareJrbHo
uerupe oxdnosuqau nec eecuori, JreroM, oceHbro, saBeplUaer srar'rHer?
teuaruxofi. floAeo4a 4ereri n xax<Aoti gKcno3t4rlr,ru,
Boc[HTarenl o6pauraer BHuMaHue
Ha npr.r3HaKuce3oHa, run Jreca, ero o6urare.neri. flpe4naraer AerflM
caMr,rMBcMOTpeTbCfl
B KapTr4Hbt,rrorryBcTBoBaTb
KpacoTy Jreca, Ha_
3Barb )KuBoruux. Ha pertpoAyKurlr.r3HaMeHr,rrbrxxyAo)KHaroe o6pauraer oco6oe BHHMaHUe.BOSre HeKOTOpbrx
arcnosauuri Bocrrr4Tare.rr
quraer crl'txorBopeHl4q3HaMeHI'ITblx
noaroB' TeKcTbIKoTopbIXBHcfT
pflA,oMc KapruHaMr.r.
B sanepueHxe ocMorpa BocfraTare,.rbcnpauriBaer y Aerefi, noHpaBI'lJIacb
JtLlvM BbIcraBKaKaprHH, KaKar H3 HHx noHpaBunaca6onatue ApyfHX. Cnparuunaer MHeHHeJrecoBr.rqKa
o JIecHbx nefisa)Kax.
3aHcr[e. Llsrorosneut,te nJraKaroB Ha reMy
<<CoxpaHuu eJrKy KpacaBl,tuy Haurnx JtecoB))
flporpaMMHoe
c o A e p x { a H l a e . I I o s H a K o M H T4be r e l i c r r n a KaroM KaK oco6lru BHAoM I{BerHofo pHcyHKa, Ha KoropoM ecrb
cJIoBa, npr,r3btBarouluex 4o6puM AeJraMu"tlz co6,rrcAeHr,roIlpaBu.r lrro_
BeAeHr4q.Vqurl !,erefi npulyMbrBarb coAeplKaHr4enJraKara, nanpaaJTeHHOTO
Ha COXpaHeHr4e
eJ'roK,I-1306pa)Karb
ero. BocnurbrBarb xb,raHlre 3arqHr{arb npr.rpoAy,AoBoAHrb Aero Ao KoHrla.
M a r e p u a J r . l l n a x a r o n p u p o A e , , ' r u c r b r6 e n o r ?a r o H u p o n a u u o r i
6yvaru, KpacKr4,
Kapror]Hr,rxrpa ^KapaHn,alru,S,rouacrepu, HecKoJ'rbKo
aKser.{nrnpoeiexcra, Haner{araHHoroHa Ma$aperon enwu, 25-30
JIeHbKHX
floJlocKax6yuara: oAxUus o3e.[euaq eJror{Ka- x(LrBaqufoJror{Ka>>.
llpoeo4ar s/c Nb...>, HfpyuKa crap[r{oK-drecoBr4qoK.
flpanaepHbrli xoA saHflTLrtr.
Bocnurarent coo6ulaer, r{To Ha 3aHfrue onflTb flpuuer'r JrecoBHqox. Ou oqeHb paccrpoeH: B Jrecy Har{aru py6r.ml eJrKHK Hoeorvry
52

ycrloKanBaer JIefo,uy, a eMy >KaJlKo Kax,(Aoe AepeBue. Bocnurarelb
cTarb
coBI4r{Ka: <Pe6qra xoTtlT AeJIarr, 406pue AeJIa, oHI4 roroBfrcfl
roHbrMl,r aKoJIoraMLI, 3arrll4THLIKaMH rlpllpoAbl. CeroAHq oHu (xro xouer) napucylor [JIaKarbI npo ed'IKy, rloToM MbI BCe BMeCTe pa3BecI'IM
HX Ha yII4rIe B pa3Hblx MecTax, r{To6bl HanoMHllTb ,'lroAqM o ToM, r{To
eJrKa )Kr,rBaff u eli .nyurue pacrl,l B JIeCy>>.
Bocuutare.nb AeMoHcrpHpyer nJIaKar rtpupoAooxpaHHofo coAep)KaHHfl, o6'bflcHfler: 3To xpynuufi Ir,BerHoil pucyHoK, Ha HeM HanHcaHbI
MoryT
npvpoAy. lllaxarlt
cJroBa, rrpH3brBaroulHe rr,o6urb Iz 6epevl
flpu,uyMarb I].IIaKar npo e,'IKy, HapfipasHlre, 3aAar{a Aereli 6url
coBaTb efo, cor{HHHTb cJIOBa, KOTOpble cJlelyeT HaIIflcaTb Ha rilaKATE.
coAepx(aHue nraKaroB, BocrIHTareJIb B I4HAHfleru npz4yMltea]or
I'lx, rloMoraer
Br,r.uyarbHoM fioprAKe BMecre c JlecoBur{Kotu o6cyxaaer
nrr6parl 6yuary, MarepI4aJI; reM, Kro 3arpyAHtlercr, npeAJlaraer rpa$aperu eJIoK AJrtt o6.nerqesrs phcoBaHufl. AerqN'I, Koropble 3aKaHrluBaIOT DI'ICOBaHI-Ie.HanOMI'lHaeT O CJIOBaXAJIfl nIaKaTa' IILllIeT llx I]eqarHbrMu 6yrearuu, coBeryer pe6eHry, rAe ryque HaK,'IeHTbrexcr o6
aKunu.
He cpa3y,
H3foroBJreHI4e nJIaKaroB Aeru ocyuecrBJlflIor
flolsoe
BOC[r,rrareJIb froMofaer uM Ber{epoM a Ha cJleAyrcuuri AeHb AOBeCTI'I
HAI{ATOCACJIOAO KOHIIA. IOTOSIIC IJIAKATbI BbIBEIUABA}OTB PA3ACBATxe, qro6lr rro3HaKoMHTL c HI4MI4 poAure,reli. Bce eNaecre o6cyx<4arcr,
fAe r{x Mo)KHo [oBecl,ITb (ua no4les4ax AoMoB, Ha ocraHoBKax aBTo6ycoe, oKoJlo Mara3HHoB, ruKoJIbt, e,totlHofo 6azapa, nor{Tbl, ItoJIHB o4uu I43 cJIeAyIoUI4x AHeli BO BpeMa npofyJIKH Aerl.I BMeKJrr.rHr.rKu).
cre c BocnuTareJleM pa3BelullBaIOT n,'laKarbl Ha yJII{qe.
Bocnurarenb HuKoro He npuHyxg,aer yqacrBoBarb B aKlrull, pucyroT r.r pa3BeuHBaIoT fl,raKarbl TOJIbKO Te Aerl't, KOTOpbIe caMH 3axorqr. VqacrH:aKu aKwtt4 fior'Iyqa]or rtoxBaJlbHble ovru (no oAHoMy 3a
BocrlurareJlb fipocraBJlfler I'rx e <<flaHopave Ao6rax<Auft nrarar),
qro MO)KHOeXIe Hapl4coBarb nraKarr,l B Aerpbrx Aer>>. o6rgcs,ter,
6y3a raxlAutl nlarar
cKoM caAy r.{JIHAol! a BMeCre c poAl4rertluu.
Aer HoBoe roxBaJlbHoe or{Ko B <<flauopaue 4o6pux 4el>.
[uxn

na6rpAennfi

3a eJIbrc Bo BpeMq npotyJIKH

(npodontrenue)
Ha6,rrcaenxe 4. <<Cxo.nlro ner elxe?>,
Kaxqr,rri roA y eJII.rHa BepxyuKe noqBrtlorct HoBble BeroqKH, pacryqae c oAHofo Mecra B pasHble cropoHbr (nosan ruyrooxa). flo 3THM pa3BerBJIeHuqMMoxHo cocqrjrarb, cKo,'IbKo eJIH Jter (xoanuecrao MyroBoK nnrcc o4nH). E.noqra, xoropofi nars
r.rJ'rr.r
ceMb JIer, eule HeBblcoKat, unxe pe6euxa, KoropoMy croJlbKo )Ke ,'Ier. E"rs pacTer MeAJreHHo,nogToMy Mo,loAbte eJlotlKH HaAo 6epeus.
Ha6.rrcAeuxe 5. <Kax ce6n lyncreyer c,'loMaHHat enra?,
E,ru, y xoropoti c.ltot*.tauaBepxyuKa, craHoBt.{Tcnypoluueoft' Ho ocraercs )Kl.'lBoH
r., npoaoJr)KaeTpacru. fioxonsle BeTBr.rnpeBpaqaroTcfl B BepxylxKy, 1tx MoxeT 6srrs necro,rlxo. Taraq eroqxa He rax crpoiua, Kax Apyrue e.nn. Efi HaAo coqyBcrBoBarb.
Ha6.rrcAenxe 6. <E,rl oqeHb KpacuBoe H noJle3Hoe AepeBo)>.
crpoliuoe AepeBo, noroMy ttro cBepxy BHu3 ee BerKH yBeJluqaBarcTcqroE.nt c r e n e g H o . O c o 6 e H s o K p a c h B o e J l b B b T r J I B A HsTu v o f i . x o r a a o c r a J t b H b t ea e p e B b f l r o , r b l e .

53

a oHa 3eJleHafl. Kpacrzno Bbrr,'lflAfiTe,'rEtH Koraa Ha ee BerKax ugeli. E.ntrc MO)KHono_
croflHHo lro6onarlcR, oHa yKpauaer yqacroK, ABop, napK.
E.nl oqeur noJle3Hoe AepeBo, TaK KaK n3Aaer-xopournrr sanax H oquqaer Bo3Ayx
or 6axreparl. E.nl nolrolaer sau 6srrs 3AopoBbrMr.r.
B ceo6oAHoe BpeMq BocflHTareJrt BcnoMr,Haer c AerbMr4 necsrc <B Jrecy poAr.r,,rac
eJroLtKa...>>,
B pa3foBope noaBoALrTHX K MbrcJrr.t,
qTo 9Ta necH, ycTapera, TaK KaK py_
6srt e,rogru B Jlecy He cJtelyer.

fI po4o.l>xarcrca
Ha6rn4eHHfl3a Ber{e
pHHM He6ona,3Be3AaMr,r,
Jlynori.
TPETbt HEAEng

flpo4olxarcTcq 3uMHflq rroAKopMKarrruu, HHAHBHIyaJTbHafl
pa6sTa c Ae)KypHblMI'IB yfoJ'IKe IIpLIpoAbI,H3roroBJIeHHeH pa3Berul.IBaHH
NJIAKATOB.
Ha arofi HeAed're,KaK H B flpeAbrAyurueMecflrrbr,Aerr.r exeAHeBHo
ua6rrcAam sa noro4ofi, $r.rxcr.rpyroree B KaJreHAape.B xonqe seAeJrHpHcyror Kaprr.rHy>xueorlIIpHpoAbr.Bocnurarell pasuoo6pa3Hrrrpr4eMbr opfaHr43arlHH
ua6.lnAeuati, rroBbr[raf caMocroqreJrbHocrbAereri.
Haquuaq c rroHeAeJrbHHKa
Bocrr,TareJrbrrpr4BJreKaer
peBHHMaHHe
6nt t< cJreAaMHa cHefy Ha yqacrKe AercKoro caAa. Buect" nuroao,
u o6cyx4arur cJleAbrrrc4efi (4ercxue, B3lroc.rbre,MyxcKr4e, )KeHcKHe),
Ha[paBJreHaer{x ABHX(eHI.rf,
cJreAbr)KHBorHbrx(rourex, co6aK, nrHq,
ulrurerl), cJreAbrnoBosoK (cauox, KoJrflcoK,J,rbr)KLr r. a.). O6cyx<ga_
roT, rAe H Ha KaKOMCHery c!'reAbr3aMeTHbr,rryque, a fAe xy)Ke.

Sxcxypcnn s snMHnfi rec
fIpo.f paMMHoe coAep]KaHHe. !,arl [peAcraBJreHa
o eJ r e c e
nax coo6urecrBe MHo)KecrBa pacreuui,t u xr4BorHbrx, npo>Kr.tBaroxlH
ua oAuori Teppr,rropr4r.r.
floKasarr MHoroflpycHocrbcMe[laHHor0,leca:
nepxHuri flpyc - cocHbr(camue BbrcoKHeaepenia;, flpyc noHa)<e Jrr4crBeHHbre
AepeBbfl, eJrn, cJreAyFoululinpyc BblcoKr4eKycrapr.rHKH H nolpacraroulue AepeBua, uu>rHuri qpyc 9ro rpaBbr, KycrapHHqKH.3Hiraoriaror flpyc 6Hsaer noa cs-eiona,roropuli yKpbrBaer H
corpeBaer Bce, qro ecrb Ha 3eMJreH B rror{Be.B saMHee BpeMq Ae_
peBbq x KycrapHHKH HaxoAflrcr B cocroqHur.r noKofl (ue pacryr, r.re
IIBeryr/' TaK KaK ycJIoBHflAJIfl X(H3HHHeAocraroqHbt: or{eHb xoJIoAHo,
MaJrocBera, BMecro BoAbr cHet. K raruna ycJroBtrflMAepeBbq H Kyc_
- c6pacunarcT Jrr4crBy,a caMLrorAbrxaror.
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or rrBerHoro AbrMa H3 gasoAcxort rpy6u, aro qaoetlruli cser. B Mopo3Hylo noroly cHer
llcKpr,rrcfl Ha co,'lHqe, cKpnnhr noA HofaMH; B orrerle,lb cHef rtnyulncruil,.nerxuli,
><e.ltuti,tvtoxpuli, JlHnHer K HoraM H JIbtxaM, I{3 Hefo MoxHo JlenHTbcHer(KI'i L cKyJIbnTVDbI.
-'
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e 4ee 6e,rue raperKll KJIaAyr cHef H HaJIIzBarcTnoAy. t{epes aBa qaca aerll paccMarpuBator BoAy B TapeJIKax, cpaBHHBaIor ee, orfa4blBaKlr, B Koropoft ns Hlix 6u.l cser
?To rpfl3Hafl ra,'Iaq Boaa, He(no ruycopy ua 4ue). V6en(Aarorcn, qro qrcrstii cHer npuro4uhn IJln flurbr qeroBeKy. TaJroil eoaoli xopotxo noJlllBarb pacreHHfl, ee Mox(Ho
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or4e.nenulr), oHa [peBpaqaercfl B rea. Ou reepautti, xo.no4Hltfi, npo3paqHblfi, HMeer
Qopnay cocy4a; ou xpynxlrIi, KaK creKJIo, JIerKo pacKailblBaercq or yAapa. 3auopaxaBar Boay paauoft oxpacKr B necoqHbtx {opr'.touxax, MoxHo cAeJlarb Kpacl'{BbleqBerHbre Jlb.[JtHKr.r.
llpo4o.nx<aercfl
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59

MareJrbHopaccMorperb oAHy Hx HHx. B cno6o4uoe BpeMfl 6ece4yer ,
cpy6.reuuorvrn sary6.neuuoMAepe BrIe. fI pe4.naraerAo[]KoJrbHr.rKaM
pac
cKa3arb, KaK BbIUIqAar eut6poureHHafl eJIKa, r{eM.oHa orrur{aercfl o,
>xunorl eJtKH Ha KopHto, Bbt3brBaer corryBcrBHe r ueti, co)KaJreHl,re
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o HoBofoAHuxco6HrHqx B pa3HbrxMecrax flJraHerbr.!,eru norasuea
rcr CeeepHuri H IOxHuri uolroclr, Marepr.rKr, oKeaHbr,naopn. Boc
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raxori o6lr.rari 6url e,rxy Ha npa3AHr.rKH yKpauarb ee. Tenepl lrcAeri usoro, a .te
ca craJro MeHbure,3HaqHT,eJrr{HaAo 6epe,{1.
B xouqe HeAeJrr4
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ea 3 B J e q e n r " - c o p " " H o u u
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B cqeuapuu rtpasAHuKaAor.r)KHa6url cqeua [poc.rraBJreHHfleilKL
BoKpyf roropori oH opraHu3oeaH.!,eru lrc6yrcrca ero, Tporaror ee
KpenKHe BerKr4, Kor'rror{HeHroJrKr.r.Beayu-tzli noAr{epKuBaer, qro ufo.IIotrKr4
He ocbrrlarcTcq - eroqKa >KI4Bafl,cHAHTKopHeM B 3eMJre.Kro_
ro us 4ereft r.rnraer cruxorBopeHue E. Tpyrueaori <Elxa>:
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C . H . 6 e x a H a , T . f l . . I l o n r o s a ,E . H . C o ABrd<eHHe/Aer.-cocr.
- M., 1984. - C. 184.
KoBHr.rHa.
'CM.: PaseneqeHufl
B AercKoMcaAy:floco6ue A,rq BocflHTare,'rr H My3. pyKoBoA u r e J r r -. M . , 1 9 7 5 . - C . l l 5 .
3 Tan xe. - C. 220.
60

JIe)KHTHa rreqax.
CHe)KHoe na,'It'TI'tIUKo
Xur noa e.[xofi salixa c gafi']Hxoli csoeli.
flou"rere,ra cratixa qeqerox c no.nefi.
flouxonual K erKe lt soltxu 31.'lt4ofi.
Vgeerl.r MbI eJIKy Hg .neca Aouoil.
Hapa4u.nlr e.nxy n uonufi HaPflA Ha rycrttx uroJlKax 6.necrxu roplr.
Ha.rarocr Bece,lbe, necHl'i Aa trr'ltc.
Xopou-ro ,'IH, erKa, re6e Y Hac?

Beayur.rr?o6paulaer BHLIMaHUe
Aereli Ha ro, tlro crl'IXH ycrapeJlll'
TaK KaK B HI,IX[pocJlaBJlrerca cpy6,reHHafl eJIot{Ka. llpe44araer v3'
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He sesru Mbl eJIKy t'ts .necy 4oltoii.
Hapn4unn e,'lKy B KpacliBlrti uapn4 Ha rycrux flrorKax JIbAHHKI'IfopflT.
Haqarocs Becerbe, flecHl"l H nJltc
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floxa Aeur eure KoporKI,tti, npo4onx{arcTcr Ha6.nroAeHuq 3a BeqepHI4M He6OM: BOCnHTaTeJIbHe ynycKaeT cryr{afl Ha nporyJtKe Ha6IrcAarb c AerbMI4 sa Jlynoli, 3Be3AHbtM ue6ou. Pasroeapanaer c AoTuKoJIbHHKaMUO $aSaX Jlynu, o nd'laHerax 14 3Be3AaX, O CTpeMJIeHHH
o KocMI4r{ecKI'Ix Kopa6Jlqx H KocMoHaBTax.
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62

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cy B 3HMHeeBpeMq: 3aflrl r4Meer ocrpbre sy6u. 6eltrrl uex, &'rHHHb
3aAHHe HorH, Mox<er 6uctpo cKaKarb, rerflqrb, 3arar.rBarbcfl: 6enwz
x{HBer B AyrrJre,HMeer cepo-cepe6pucruri Mex, ocrpble Korr}r, flyuracrni xsoct, MolKer JrerKo Jra3arb rto AepeBbqM, AeJrarb 6olsruue
npbrx{Ku;Jrocb oqeHb rpynulrtl, eucorufi, r4MeerAJrr4HHbre
HorH, cuJrb
Hbte KorrblTa, Aocraer BerKH AepeBbeB, JIefKo xoAr,rr no my6oxol,rl
cHefy, MolKer 6ucrpo 6e>xatt, yAapflTb KorrbrroM.
V.rurl Aererl ycraHaBruBarb npHqHHHo-cJreAcrBeHHbre
cBfl3r,rMexIy [pupoAHbrMr4qBreHuflMn, !.eilarb BbrBoAbr.
Mare pilail. Kapruuu <<JlocaB 3HMHeM
<3ariulr B 3aMHe
J'recy>>,
<<Belxu cflacarorcq or l1yHr4ubr>>';
Jrecy>>,
rpacuatrfi urpyuevuuri safiuux;
Q.nauelerpa$, xourypuoe nso6paxeHr4e cocHbr, 3uMHero AepeBa, eJrr.
KycTa, qeTblpex9Ta)KHofoAoMa, MaJreHbKHenpeAMeTHbreKapTr4HKEC
uso6pax<euraelr6enxu, Jrocfl, sariqa; MoAeJrb uacxapoexu (puc. b).
n p r . . t M e p nu r i x o A 3 a H f l T H f l
I -n qacma. Bocnnrarenb floKasbrBaerHrpyueqnoro safiquKa (HoBoro, cuMnatu.rHoro), coo6uaer, r{To oH He 3axoreJl >xHTbB Mata3ljHe Ha noJrKe, peuuJr noilra B Hacroflxlltri lec. flpeg,laraer pe6arau
rroMor{beMy: noKa3aTbKapTHHbIH paCCKa3aTb,
KaK X{trBble3BepHxHByr B Jrecy suraorl.
3areu BocnuTarerb flooqepeAHoBbrcraBJrflerKaprr.tHtrc uso6paxeHHeM 6e.lxr.r,nocq, saiqa. !,erx, 6epa arpyrueqHoro aariuura a pyKLI, paccKa3brBaloT

o ToM, rtTo oHH BHAflT Ha.KapTnHe

I4 rtTO 3HaIOT O

)KHBorHbrx.Bocnnrarelb AonoJrHrer HX paccKa3.
2-n ,aacmo. llp, rroMoruu $naue.rrerpaSau uo4enu MacKHpoBK
Bocnr4TareJrb
yrorlHfler c AerbMr,rn pucnoco6ureJrbHbte oco6esHoct 14>r<v
BorHbrx. Vqur Aerefi ycraHaBJIHBarbcBfl3H qsneHHri, Aerarb BbrBoAb
Cnaqara craBHr Ha S.nauererpaS aorra(c.neea) H AepeBbfl(cnpaea), nporarl.rBaer Hr.rrKr4,pasAeJrflrou1uesra>xu2(puc. 6). 3areM, elrcraBJIflfl raso6pa>xeuufl>KHBorHbrx,o6cy44aer Hx rrpficnoco6utentHue
oco6enuocrn. llpra arou o6paqaercfl H r saliuary, H K AerflM.
Eenrca: )KHBer Ha caMbrx BbrcoKr4xara)Kax .neca (3-4-ri),
Ho rr,ro
>xer crlycKarbcfl H BHr.r3.Boc[HTareJIb 3aAaer Borrpocbl: .{eNa6erxa
rruTaercfl Ha AepeBbrx? tlro efi nouoraer roBKo rlepeABfirarbcfl no

' Cu.: Hnxouaera C. H., Meuxoea H. H . I(apruHur H3 )KIr3HH
ar.rKHX)KHBorHbrx.- M., 1990.
2 Mo4elr <<3ra>xureca>>paapa6oraHaA. M tDe4oroeofi.
64

KaproHHoe naHHo c flpope3bo nocepeAfiHe, c necrpoti
Puc. 5. MoAe.rl MacKr.rpoBKr-t:
u 6e,rorl qacrsMu r.i $lrryput Altl AeMoHcrpaquu

nl n
nr n

nU
n nn
U n
U

Pr.rc. 6. Mo.ne,rr <<3ra>xs reca>
3 Hnnoru"uu. Meroa. noc

4epeelau? l4e ycrpaunaer cBoe ruesAo? r{ro efi rroMofaer cnacarbca or Bpafos? LIro 3auuulaer or xo.noAa?
Jloco: HasevtHoe>Kr.rBorHoe.
Bonpoclr K AerqM: Ha KaKoMSTax{eJ,re
ca o6uraer.nocu? c KaKoro 3Ta)KaAo6Heaer ce6e xoDrvrB 3r.rMHee
BDeu s ? _ L I r o e M y B g T o M n o M o r a e r ? K a x J r o c b3 a u h u a e r c f l o r e p a r o e ?
3an4: Ha3eMHoe)KLrBorHoe,fro,'IHocrbrox(flBer Ha HH)KHeM3Ta)Ke
.neca. Bonpocbr: r{eM nnTaercfl saqu sutforl? t{ro eMy B gToM noMoraer? Kax oH cracaercfl or Bparos? tlro rroMoraer eMy BbrAep>Ka
XO,'lOn?
3areu Bocrrr,rrareJrb
AeMoHcrpr4pyerMoAeJrbMacKHpoBKH,craBHT
Ha Hee rto oqepeAu ycJroBHbreQurypxu 6enru u safir\a. !,euoucrpupyer r4x ro Ha necrpoii, ro Ha 6enori qacrv MoAe,rh. floAeoAr-ir AererZ x elrsoAy: MacKnpoBor{Hafl
oKpacKa 3BepbKaAeJraerefo He3aMerHbrM,ecr'r[ oH HaxoAHTca
ua Soue, xoropuri coB[aAaer c ero oxpacxotl.
flpr arolr 3BepeK AoJrx{eH6trrl Heno4Br.r>KeH
(sanaeperl Ha uecre).
B saxrrc.{eHue 3aHflTHqBocrrr.{Tare,rlo6paulaercq K r4fpyueqHouy sari.rHxy:<3arixa, Tbr renepb 3Haerrrb,KaK B Jtecy Henpocro )Kr,rrb
Bce >xueorHbte,Koropbre raM ecrb, npr4crroco6legrr K TpyAHbrMsHMHr4MycJroBunu. 3arlqy HaAo o6qsarerbHo HMerb ocrpbre sy6lr, 6ucrpbre Horl.t, uepcrb 6e,qori oKpacKH. Tn coeceN4ue raroli. floao>rArl
xATx B ,rec. Cna.raJra rocJrynafi npo Bor.rKau ilLrcy Ha. cJreAyroxleM
garr"tltil. Pe6qra re6e ece paccKaxyr, a y)K rroroM peuu, cronT H.rur
HC

CTOHT

H.U,TH B

JICC>>.

. Bo npeufl [pofyJroK AerH Hs cHefa JrerrflTcHeroBHKoBH pa3Hbre
$uryplr. Bocnurarelb ycrpar4Baer KoHKypc <<Vlrpaco cHexuoli nocrporirofi>>: Aerr4 Mofyr rrocrpouTb cHefoBHKoB,Kperrocrr,r,ABoprlbr,
Qurypu )Kr.tBorHbrx,a noroM flpr.rAyMarbc]o)Ker rarpu. 3apaHee Bbr6pauuoe )KropH oueHr4Baer:1) appxnyto pa6ory pe6ar; 2) caruy nocrpofixy; 3) urpy c ueri. llo6eAurenn nodlyqaror cnequar'rbHoH3roTOBr'IeHHbIe IeAqHbte

MeAaJIH.

TPETb9HE.qEnC
Ha erorl HeAere,KaK 14B npeAbrAyxlr4e
Mecqrrbl,e)KeAHeBHo
rrpoBoAr.rrcqsa6lrcAeuue sa rroroAoh, pa6ora c KaJreHAapev.
fleru yx<e

MOryT CaMOCTOflTeJtbHOOnpeAeJrHTb rrofoAHbre flB.rreHHf H cKa3aTb o
uux. BocnurareJtb Aaer flopyqeHr,rfl: oAHHM AorxKoJrbHHKaMorMerr4Tb
nofoAy B KaJreHAape, ApyfrzM HX npoKoHrpoJrupoBarb, rperluv
lrso6pa3r4Tb Kaprr4Hy >xueori [pr4poAbr. Bcrc ue4enrc ue sa6Hearcr BbrHocr4rb cHefoMep, H3Mepflrl r,ry6uuy cHefa B pa3Hbrx Mecrax no MepHbIM

NCJICHI,IflM.

llapalne.nlHo rrpoAo,lx(aercnpa6ora (u eaaep[raercfl Ha erori He4e,ne) no Ha6nrc4euurc 3a nrar{aMr,r, trpr,rr'rerarou1HMH
Ha KopMyruKrl,
qro Aera raK)Ke orMer{alor B <<KareHAapeua6lrc4euuh sa rrruuaMr,r>>
He lperpaularorcfl u ua6troAeuHfl sa pa3iluqlrbrMucsoficreal4u eococToflHr,rqMH.
Abr n ee. afpefaTHbtMr,r
Ha6lrc4enxe 10. <9ro 6Heaer c napoM npa ox.naxaenaa? >
B nolreuleuua [ap, oxJtax4aflcl, npeapauraercr B KaneJrbKr,r
BoAbl. Ha y,ruqe (ua
tvtopose) oH craHoBuTcq lHeeM Ha BerKax AepeBbeB H KycroB.
65

Bocnntatelr, npeaJlafaer AerffM lrorpofarb oKoHHoe creK,lo - y6eaurlcn, qro oHo
xoJroAHoe,3areM rpeM pe6nratt oAHoBpeMeHHonoabluarb Ha creKJlo e oquy rouxy (o6parr.trb BHHManae, uro6rt Aerx He Eyrlr, a Ar,trrlarr, txnpoKo pacKpblB por)- Bvccre
rla6.nnAaror, KaK creKJro 3anoreBaer, a floroM o6paayerca KaneJIbKaeoAH. ,qe,'Iarcr nstBOA: nap or AbrxaHfiq Ha xoJtoAHoMcTeK,le flpeBpau,(aercq B BoAy.
Bo eperran[potyJrKI.I BocIILITareJIbBbtHocHTTo,'tbKottro ecxt,tneeullllil vaftHur, craBHT ero He[ocpeacrBeHHo rroa BerKaMH AepeBa uJIH xycra. Orrpunaer KpbllrlKy, npea,taraer sa6,rrcaarb, KaK BerKH HaqHyr o6pacrarl uueev. Ae.narcT BbIBoA: nap Ha Mopo3e npeBpauaercfl B Huefi. O6parl(aer BHHMaHHeHa Kpacory BeroK B I'iHee.
H a 6 . n o A e x n e l l . < C u e x u s K l 4 o q e H b K p a c f i B b l > >( n p o o o A . t l r c a B o B p e M q c H e r o na!.a).
CseronaA 6sreaer B nacMypHy_Ionoroay. Kpynubte cHe)<uHKa MoxHo paccMorperb
- 3To y3op l'13 IrlecrH ,'IytlHKoB.
Ha pyKaBe na"'tbro, Ha Bape)KKe. Ka)xAaq cHe)KLIHKa
Vsopur ncex cHexHHoK pa3Hble, oHu KpacHBbIe.Cue>xllsxl-t- 3To MaJIeHbKIleKpl'icrar,rn ,'rsAa.A ece xpucra.rJrbr co3AarcTy3opbr, no?ToMy cHexlIHKI'l raKI'Ie KpacuBbre.I(pucraJr,'rbr.ns4a o6pasyrcrcq H3 napa e o6,raxax. l{seii Ha BerKax KpacI.lB, noroMy t{To
9To roxe y3opHbre KpHcraJlJrbI.Berrrz e HI{ee fl xpacuBbte cHe)KIIHKI'IMoxHo HapucoBATb.
I'IJIHKo,'IJleKB ceo6oAHoe BpeMt BocnfiTareJlb npearlafaeT AertM HHAI'IBI'IAyaJIbHo
THBHo HapncoBarh Ha roHuposauuofi 6yltare eerxra B HHee H cHe>KllHKIl.t{ro6r'r cHe)KI.IHKHtloflyqu!'lHcbIIpaBHJIIHofo cTpOeHHf H pa3Hofo y3opa' BocfIHTaTe,rbMOxeT IIpeAJroxr.rrb 3apaHee 3aroroB,reHHble [IecruJtyqeBble KaproHHbte rpaSaperst rpex pa3MepoB
(5, 7, l0 cv). !,eru o6soAsr ryqu, a y3opbr Ae,ralor no cBoeMy ycrraorpeuurc. Pa6oTbr BbrBe[rHBar{]TcrHa BHAHoMuecre, uro6st Hx MorJIl'l BI.iAerbaern u poAllre,lfi.
Ha6.rrcAeHne 12. <<3nuuue y3opbr Ha oxue>> (sa4auue .l,erflM AJlt caMocronTe,'Ibs o r o s a 6 " r r c A e u a nu o 6 r l c u e u u n ) .
3araAKa fipo y3opbt Ha oKHe. Hanprannep:
Bocnnrare.ns flpeArafaer AerqM 2-3
<Kaxori 3ro Macrep Ha creKro HaHec H rucrbq, H rpaBbl, I.r 3apocJIH pos?>; <,Il,perr'ryq H r i n e c K c r e K , ' r y n p u p o c , H a p H c o t s a ,el r o . . . > > ;< < B r , t p o cn e c , 6 e , l r , t i i B e c b , n e l u K o M B
H e f o H e e o l i A e u r u ,H a K o H e H e B t e A e u l b ' . A a e r s a A a H x e : A o M a , B A e r c K o M c a r y v i l I
B a p y f x x n e c r a x ( u a n p n M e p , B r p a H c n o p r e ) u a i i r u 3 a M e p 3 u e e o K H o , p a c c M o r p e r L 'y 3 o pu, o6rRcuurb, KaK oHI-i rIo,'ryrur,'rlrcb.
Ha6rmaeHne 13. <C.reanrHa cltery)>.
Ceexesutrasutatl cuer 6erurii u nyu,tncrstti, Ha HeM xopotxo eu4Hu ,rrc6ue cneAu. flo H!.rMMo)KHo y3Harb, KTo xoALrJr,egAul. Mo)KHo y3Harb, 6st,ru ;ln nraqbl Ha
KopMyixKe H Bo3,'Ie Hee, KaKLIe3BepL,Ka6era,ru no rasouy. Mo>xHo caMI4MAeJIarb c,'Ienbr, pucoBaTbH nHcaTb.
flpu na6,rro4eHau cpaBHl{BarcTct HerpoHyrsle u yrpau6oBaHHble cHexHbte Mecra.
I4crronrsvrcrcq cne uHaJIbHo noaroroB,'legHbte [eqarKn, na,'loqKa.

3aHcrile.

3errl.nq -

)KLrBaq rulaHera

f I p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p ) K a H H e . V r o . { H I 4 r l n p e A c r a B J I e H I 4Aee Tei o Conneqsori c{creMe, r,arb npeAcraBJIeHHe 06 yHI'tKarbHocrLI
Ha Heli ecrl x(l.t3Hb (pacreuun, xuBorHbte, 're.noeex), no3el,rnu qro
3TL1yCJIOBI.TflHylKHa rr,'raHeTe ecrb BoAa, Bo3Ayx, TeIIJIO TOMy
3To AoM A,'Ir ecex 1rc4efr,
Hbr BceM >KHBbrM cyurecrBaM. 3eNanq efo HaAo rro6Hrb, He pa3pyuarb, coAep)Karb B ttHcrore. Ha 3eu.ne
pa3Hbre yc.[oBLIr, Ho Be3Ae ecrb )KLI3Hb: e Apxruxe u AnT aprruxe
(reppraropurd, nplrreralourne K Cenepuorray u lOxuouy no,rrccau) oqeHb
pacreHlili rau Her, H3 )KHBorHbtx npHcnoco6uJll4cb )KHTb
xoJroAHo 6e,rrre MeABeAH, TroJreHH, fIHHfBI,rHbL ,IItoAu rocroqHHo 3Aecb He x(HByT, Ha HeKOTOpOe BpeMfl CrcAa [pHe3>Ka]oT HccJIeAoBaTe,ru A,'Ifl I'r3yqeHr,rr rrofoAbr H npr.{poAbl. Ha 3eune ecrb nycrblHl-l TaM oqeHb
pacreul.lli ua,ro, Bce oHH KoJIIox(apKo, 3acyurJrHBo, )KHTb rpyAHo qpre, rj3 x{r4BorHbrx raM rrpr4cfloqo6HrHcb x(I,ITb Bep6JIrcAbl, r{epenaxl4,
2*

67

flxlepurlbr. Ha 3eu.ne MHofo BoAHofo npocrpaHcroa (oreauoB H Mo
peft) rau o6llranr Kr4rbr,pa3Hbreall4lr pu6, qeJroBexHe xuBel
n_o4 no4ori, Ho c[ycKaercfl B *ropcKr4e rny6auu Ar'rfl r,rccJreAoBaH
Ha cyure ecrl 6o.nuuue flpocrpaHcrBa, noKpbrrbre JrecaMr.t,- Tai
cpeAr.rAepeBbeB )r{r.rByrpa3Hbre )KHBorHbre.JftoAa )Kr4Byr Ha cyile r
pa3Hbrx Mecrax, Ho raM, fAe ecrb rrpecHarr(nurteaaa) eoAa. Thxoi
pasuoo6pasuoli xrasHa Her HH ua xarori Apyrori frJraHereconueqsoi
cacreMbr, rroroMy qro Hr4fAe Her raKr,rx yclonuli.
pvan: I(apra CorHe.{Hofi cucreMbr, rlo6yc, Kaprr.tHbr(
!1 are
uso6pa>xeuueir,rCeeepa, [ycrbrHr4, Mopfl, rxa[or{Kr.{Lrr'ru3HaqKHc Lr3o
6paxeuuev pa3Hbrx )KHBorHbIX,Koropbre HaceJlflr.or3TI,I flpocrpaHcrea 3eraru, nponeJrJrep,2-3
ruanor{KuArfl 4ereri-uapcuau unu 4ee
KyKJIbI'

oAerble

KaK npHuer'lbllbl

c Apyll4x

tlJlaHer,

TKaHH HJII{ BarMaH

6enoro, )KeJrrofo, rony6oro a sereHoro qBeroB 4.na o6osuaqeH'q rlpocrpaucrB Ceeepa, oKeaHa, Jreca, flycrbrHu.

llpanrepHbrfi xoA aaHr,rHfl.
I -n 1acma. BocnurareJrb AeMoHcrpHpyerxapry Corne.{Hori cucr{To Ha Heli Hso6pa)KeHo,rroKa3ar
TeMbI, npocnT pe6ar BcrroMHHTb,
Co.nuqe, nJraHerbr,3eu.nrc. Hanouasaer o roM, qro Cornue ero
3Be3Aa, [JraHerbr Bpar(arorcr no op6urau BoKpyr uero. O6paur,ae
BHHMaHHe
Ha ro, r{To rtraHerbr rro-pa3HoMyyAar'reHbt
or Congqa: o.I\
HH pac[oJro]KeHbr 6.ruu>xeK HeMy, Apyfne - AaJrbue. Cnpaurunaer y
4erefr, KaKafl rrJraHera6ollure Bcefo [oryqaer re[Jra. lloacHler, vro,
qervl6nn>xe op6rara nJraHerbrx Conuqy, reu 6olrure co,'rHeqHororenIra Ha Hee [onaAaer, reM Ha ueri Te[Jree. Ha Mepxypua u Beuepe
HaMHofo )Kapr{e, qeM Ha 3eule, noroMy r{TOoHH Haxontrrcq 6nnr<e
x Co.nnqy. Mapc noryqaer MeHbue renna, qeu 3eurs, a Ao Apyfhx
rrJraHerreura AoxoAr4TcoBceM uano. 3eunfl HaxoAr,rrcrHa raKoM paccrorHHH or Coluqa, r{To Ha Heri 4ocraroqHo renrrra,Ho B To >xe BpeM r H e r H e B b l H o c n M oxr a
i p u , K a K a r e c r b . H a n p H M e pu
, a B e H e p e ,e - c r l
frpoxJraAaH xoJroA, Ho H oHI{ He raKue cuJrbHbre,KaK Ha 6o.nee naJIEKHX TIJIAHCTAX.

2-n ,aacmb. BocnvrareJrb AeMoHcrpapyer rlo6yc H paccKa3blBa
er o roM, qro 3eMnc - )KI,tBaqnJraHera: <<Aeru, garua 3err,tnfloqeHb
rpac-uea! 06 arou paccKa3brBaJrH
KocMoHaBTbr,
KoTopbreBHAeJruee
ue Kocl,roca B l4JrJrroMr,rHaropbt
KocMur{ecKoro xopa6na. Thxofi ceepxarcu1ufi ro,ry6ofi ruap (eocnrlrareJrb o6eoAar r.no6yc)! lo.ny6ori, nbToMy qro 66rturaq qacrb [JraHerbr 3aHqra oKeaHaMau uopaua (noxas). Ee.nocHe)KHbre
norlocbr 3eulu (noras) cBepKaror n orparxeuuu
coJlHeqHofocaera! I4s Koclaoca Bu.qHbrH BbrcoKneropbt, H 3eJreHbr
rrpocrpaHcrBa JrecoB,Ha[pHMep uauru cu6rlpcKr.reJreca, H xeJrro_ne_
cqaHbrenycrbrHu. Harua 3eMnq pa3HorlBerHar{ or{eHb rpacuea!
Haura 3eMrq raKaq pa3Hafl,A KpactBafi, rroroMy r{To oHa )Kr4Baf
sa seri x(HByr pacreHufl, )KHBorHbreH oqeHb MHoro lrcAeti. Bce nrofyr )KHTb Ha nJraHere 3eura, rroroMy r{To ecrb noAxoAflurueycroBuq:
He TaK )KapKO H He TaK XOJTOAHO,
eCTb BO3.uyXMO)KHOAbrIrIaTb
ecTb llpecHaq BoAa MO)KHOnHTb, ecTb rIeM rrHTaTbcfl>>.
58

Bocnurarerb noKa3blBaer oKeaHbI H npocnT pe6nr cKa3arb, KTo
)KuBer B HX BoAax. floxasHsaer Jleca Pocclru H npocuT BcnoMHLITb,
Kro B HHXo6r-rraer.Hasltsaer H [oKa3blBaer AQpury, BblEcHfler,3Haror JII{ AerH, KTO HaCeJIfleTXapKIle aspuxaHcnlae [ycrbIHI,I.
3-n ,Lacma - Hfpa <<MapcnaneHa 3eMre>>.B 4nepl Kro-ro cryqr,rT,BocrIHTaTeJrbBblqcHfleT, qTo |IpHluJIa TeJIefpaMMa Hel,I3BecTHbre cyuecrBa [plrJrereJll4 Ha HJIO, xorflr rlocerHrb AercKuft ced.,
npocflT noMor{b I4Mycrpor,lTbcqHa 3eu.ne. Bocnurarelb, no3HaKoMLtB
pe6ar c reJrerpaMMoli,flpeAraraer LIM H3o6pa3HTb]KHBorHbIX,xHByurr4x B pa3Hbrx Mecrax nJlaHerbr. !,err.rr Aerefi Ha rpynnbt: oAHH H3onLIHr6paxarcr 6ensrx raeAaeAeri(aro xarenu ApxrNra), Apyrne BHHoB,o6nrare.neri Aurapxru4u. lpynna pe6ar uso6paxaer JIecHbIX
(6yplui MeABeAb,BoJIK,3afltl iluca s r. A.); eu-(eABe fpyn)Kr.rBorHbrx
o6nrarerefi nycrblHIa (nep6.tlto4, 'repenaxa) a o6urareflbr Aereri (xur,
axy,ra unu 4erl{uH). BocnarareJlb, ecJtu ecrb fIoAJrerl oKeaHa
xHreleit rpotluqecKHx JIecoB
foroBJreHHbre,nerH,Mo)Ker BbIAeJIHTb
(c.noH, o6e3bflHa,rrlrp). Pacnolaraer Bcex Aerefi no IUHpoKoMyKpyry (na nnauere): Ha nporl4BonoJtoxHbtxMecrax (nolrccax) - 6e.nux
uopcxnx o6urareB cepeAl4He(oxeaue) rr{eAeeAerl
u rrHHfBr-rHoB,
Jreri, [porr.rBonoJro)KHoApyr Apyry no KpaRM Kpyra pacloilafalorcfl
rafiru H rpoIIHqecKHx JIecoB, fiycrblHll. Bce uecra (axonorra)KHTeJrr.r
qecKHeHH[rr-r3eMJrtt)o6osuavaloTcflKaprHHaMH,IIBerHOtiTrasln nnn
6yuarori, BoKpyr Koropbrx cocpeAorotll4Balorcfl AerH-x{HBorHbte.
Bocnurarenb npocuT pe6nr noAyMarb o roM, tITo oHH npo ce6a
6ygyr paccKa3brBarb rrpuueJlbrrarr,I.flpuno4r4r rocretl, Koropble paccKa3brBalor, qro oHl4 c Mapca, TaM xoJIoAHo, Her BoAbl I4 Bo3Ayxa,
xr,tTb

coBceM

HeBO3MO}KHO, nOSTOMy

OHH peIXHJIH nepeCeJIHTbCfl

Ha

Apyryrc nJraHery. flo.nere.nu cHar{ad'Iaua Beuepy, Ho raM oKa3aJlacb
TaKaq )Kapa, r{To oHH flo6oflrl4cb cfoperb. Peruunn nocerurl 3euJrro 3Aecb ycJroBl4fl lJlfl. )KI,r3HI,l nOAXOAflUII4e, He 3HaIOT TOJIbKO, fAe
fioceJruTbcfl. BocnurareJlb HX yclloKauBaer: <<Cetiv4c MbI cflAeM Ha
Bcrc 3eMrlo, n,rlaHera Haua 3aMeqareJlbHafl: pa3Beprorer, o6leralr
c ee o6uHafl, KpacHBaq, Mbl Bce Jrn6HM uaruy 3eu.ttrc. floroeopnlt
TaTeJltMH, BbtflCHnM, KTO KaK )KI4BeT,a 3aTeM Bbl caMH BbloepeTe Ce6e naecro .u.JIf )KH3HH>>.
lleAaror rpnKpelJrrrer nporeJlJrep (r-rnu 3apaHee ropyqaer pe6euu uavaHaer c MapcuaHaMLI o6ner 3eu.ru Ky poJrb Beprorerquxa)
rrocJre rroJreTa ocTaHaBJIHBaeTCfl IlO OqepeAI,I e XaX{AOri 3KOJIO|HT{eCKoft Hxue. Hasnreaer o6urarenefi, [pocuT ax paccKa3arb o Mecre HX
xlt3Hr4 u o roM, KaK oHI,r o6urarcr B orr4x Kpaqx. [err-r (a BocnI,ITaTeJrb no rrrepe Ha4o6HocTH AonorHfleT nx) paccxasbtBaloT npHMepHo
cJre.uyloulee:
<<Mu 6e.nnre MeABeAr-t, BcIo )KI43Hb xI,tBeM ua Ceaepe B cHerax, Ha nlly
CeeepHoro JIeAoBHroro oKeaua. KogeqHo, 3Aecb xoJro,rl,HO, HO y HaC ryCTarr relJ'lafl ruepcrb, Aa)Ke IloAoluBbl rloKpblTbl en.
B su[4uee BpeMfl Mbr cnHM B cHexHbIX 6eproral, JIeroM oxoruMcfl Ha
pu6y n BoAe, Ha rroJreHeli Ha JIbAax. 6e"uas uepcrb AeJIaer Hac He3aMeTHbrMHHa CHefy. flOCerurecr y Hac, ryque HaUIHX MecT HeT 3H69

MOH:AO.IIfaflnod'tflpHaqHortb, TeMHo, KoHer{HO,HO B arO npeun 6u
Baer noJrffpHoecHflHHe ue6o cBerHTcfl, nepeJrHBaercqpagHbtM
KpacKaMr.traxofi Kpacorbr Her Hu B oAHoM MeCTe3evrnn! A ne
rola 6srsaer Lonruil no,rapuuri AeHb Conuqe He yxoAr4r 3a ropll
3oHT, KpyfoM xoAr.rr no He6y. Caeuo H AHeM, H Ho.{lKi 3aMer{a
Ter'rbHaflnopa. Ocrasarirect y Hac, ML,rHayqHM eac loezrl
por6y
Ae,larb B cHery 6epnory>>.

,.fl 6ypuri MeABeAb,xHBy B fycroM Jrecy, flHrarocb KopeHbs
Mt4,flroAaMH,MypaBbrMlr,oBcoM, AHKHMU
rpyuaMu, MeAoM,JTOBJTI
peure pur6y - 3ro ece eecFrorlAa ,rreroM. 3urvrorix(e fl crrJrr.oe 6ep.
,'rore, Koropyrc ycrpaHBarc rAe-Hu6yAb noA BbrBopor{eHHbrM
AepeBoM
yranrueri e,rtrc. Cn,rrc Bcro 3r4My,ecJrr.rMeHr Hr,tKToHe rroAHHMerH
6epnorvt. Hy, u ecJrr.rMeHfl pas6yaunu Lr MHe npr4trrJrocbBcrarb, T(
Aep)KuTecb,3aAepy Kofo yfoAHo - BeAb HaAo qro-ro ecrb, a qro 3H
n,Iori uariAerul? f canauri callsurl
B Jrecy, Mofy HecJrbnuHonoAKpa
AblBarbcfl' Jla3arb rlo AepeBbflM' 9To roJlbKo .IIIOAHB cKa3Kax cqLITa
ror, rrro fl HeyKJrro)Krzfi.
)Kueure co nnsoir B Jrecy, n o6ugy Bac He AaN
a crrarb Ha 3uMy yJro)Ky B cBoro 6eplory>>.

<<fl cuuufl KHT, caMoe 6onlruoe xr4tsorHoeHa ftJ'IaHere.)KHB
B frpocropax oKeaHa, Mory [.[aBarl e rro6lre ero Mecra, e oxeaH
pox<AaroTcf MOH AeTU, KOTOpbrxq BbrKapMrHBan cBOr{M MOJTOK
flnaean fl JrerKo, 6ucrpo, xax ptr6a, rroroMy i{ro y ueuR o6reraeMoe, f,rraAKoereJro, xopolxo lpucnoco6neHHoe K )KLI3HH
o no4e. llu_
Talocb q ecqror? uopcxori MeJror{bropaqKaMr.r,ue,rKori ptt6ori I
)KHBorHbrMH:
por y MeHr orpoMHtrfi, q ero or_
ApyrHMH MopcKHMr.r
KpbrBalord BarJrarbrBaroMHoto BoAbr, Bce, qro B uer? nona4ercfl, ,
cbeAaro, a Jru[rHloro ao4y $onrauolr eur6pacbrBaro.
Moa SoHraHr{HK
Ha Mope Mo)KHoBHAerbr43AaJreKa,
tro Hr4Mxaro6oriulre $,roru,rna ys_
Halor, fAe r Haxo>Kycb,- oxorflrcq ea Muori. BeAa, Aa v rorrxo! XuBr4Teco pruofi, Mecra BceM B oKeaHexBarr.rr,r MHpHoe)Kr4BorHoeHe cMorpaTe, qro n raxoit orpouulrri>>.

,rfl saaq-6e,ur, )Kt4ByB .[ecy xpyr.nur? foA, Hopr,r He Aer,rarc
no AepeBbflMHe Jra3ar.o,
surMotze 6eplore He cnJIIo. MHe >xurl a re.
cy or{eHbrpyAHo, Ho fl npxcnoco6uncq: .rreroMeM TpaBy,Jtucrbfl, MoJroAbreno6ern, a Bor 3uMoli, xoHevuo, TpyAHoBaro- ecrb-To Heqero, Bor a rpbt3y Kopy AepeBbeBAa BerKH c KycroB, oco6euuo nrc6.nr
ocaHy. B 4epeaurc 6eran TaM crora croflT, ceHo raKoe ryruacToe, BKycHoe, Ho q BaM, MapcaaHe,AoJr)KeHcKa3arb, qro BparoB y
MeHfl MHofo, qyrb JrH He xa>xAuti HopoBHTMeHq noriN4arbr.I c.becrb
Vx eorxu, Jrncbt 3To caMo co6oft, a BeAb H coBbr, u coKo.rrbrro)Ke oxorqrcq sa N4Hori.Ho MeHq He raK-To ,remo noriuart. Bo-nepBbrx,y MeHq or{eHbqyTKr.re
yIIIx, BHAHTe,KaKHeAJII,rHHbre,-Bce cJrbr
trry, Aa)Ke eo cHe! lnasa pacxocbre Bce KpyroM Br.r)Ky,Bcex, KTo
xor{er Ko MHe [oAKpacrbcfl. Bo-eroptrx, HMeroMacKr4poBorrHyro
oKpa9Ky uepcrr4, ABa pa3a B foA JruHflro:Ha 3HMy craHoBJtrocb6elnl,r.
Bor cxaxare, noqeMy q sur\4ofi6entrrl? (Mapcuaue AyMaror H orBe70

uaror.) A aerou q xaKoti, AyMaere seneuuli, KaK rpaBa? Her, q ceporfi, uo MeHr Bce paBHo HI4fAe He BI'lAHo, ecJII4 fl, KoHeqHo, 3aranpblx{Kl'l
rocl. Eure fl Mofy flerJltrb, cJleAbt nyrarb, Aerarb 6onuuue
JIflfy Ha cnnHy, KofAa
e6ox, saAHraMI4HoraMH cu,rtbHo or6uBarbcfl
coBa cBepxy HanaAaeT, u 6lto ee HoraMH 3aAHHMH, OHI'I BeAb y MeHfl or{eHb cHJIbHbIe, He 3pfl ff cKaKarb uory. Tar r{To )KI4BI4Teco MHoli,
n o6uaubtBarb, kI Jtt4tflTb HaqHere>>. 14 t. L'
r Bac BceMy Hayqy Bocnnrare,rb noMoraer BceM paccKa3arb npo ce6fl, Ha3Barb caBeAer HeI]pl'lHy)KMbre xapaKTepHble oco6eHHocrrr >r<u3Hr|Ia yclonuil,
Aeusrrri AHaror w c o6utareJlfMH nJlaHerbl, I4 c fIpH[IeJIbqaMH, Koroce6e raxoe-To Mecro >KIlreJIbcrBa u o6'bflcHflIor
pbre B r,rrofe eu6upanr
ceori nu6op. 3aHqrrle Mo)Ker 6urt AononHeHo My3blKaJIbHblMcorrpoBox{AeHaeM B coorBercrBlll1 c xax(4otl SKorornrIecKoll unurefi (necHflMH rrpo nuHrBI,IHoB, 6e,rlrx NleAeeleli L{ Apyf}rx x{lIBorHblx).
Bcn arpu6y^n4Ky 3atflTLrfl, I,I KyKoJI-npuue,rblreB BocrluTareJlb ocHrplt 4eretiraBJrfler B fpynne Ans cso6oAHoli caMocroqrerlHoli

I{ETBEPTA'HEAEN'
uHLLTBI{AyaJIbHaapa6ora c Aex(ypHblMl4 B yroJIKe
lpogo,rxae'rcfl
npHpoAbr, noAKopMKa nruq. cneuHa,rlbHblx sa6.lrcAeHufi Ha yr{acTKe
He OpfaHH3yeT, Ho nolAeplKHBaeT caMocToflTeJIbHytoLIHHBOCrrr4TaTe,'rb
uuarr.rBy A,erefi, HafpaxAafl I4x fioxBarbHblMl'l oqKaMH 3a I4HTepeCHble
ua6,'rrc4eHnn (xoropue He ea6rreaer npocraB.Ilqtl e <<flaHoparr're4o6pux 4e.n>).
3aHstNe.

Borr

n JII,Ica -

JlecHble xnurHllKll

l ef l p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p ) K a H H e . y T o ' { H I ' I r b[ p e A c r a B J l e H u f A
refi o6 o6pase )KH3HH /rllcbr H BoJlKa B 3HMHee BpeMr: )KHByr B ,'Iecy, frHTanTcfl MflcoM Apyfllx )KI4BoTHblx,KOTOpOeAOObIBamTCaMOCTOflTe,'rbHo. lloarortay BOJIK l4 ,'IfiCa Ha3bIBaIOTCfl XI{tqHHKaMH, AX 60RTCR
Bce MerKHe )KHBorHbre: saliqrt, Mbttlu, Kporbt, 6e.nru. Bolx xpynHee
JIIrtCbt,oqeHb BbtHocJrHB,MO)KeTHanaAaTb Ha 60,'IbulHx >xanorHltx (oleHq. roca). 3urnrori xI4urHHKaM fo,'toAHo, oHLr noAxoAflr K x{luluuly qeJroBeKa, Ha[aAaror Ha AoMauIHHX >Kt4BorHbtx. 3uuofi BoJIKl4 co6upaloTcfl B cTar4, BMecre oxoTflTcfl IIo HOr{aM, a AHeM CflfT Ha cHefy B
qaule reca.
<Dopuupoearl y 4ereti npeAcraBreHl.le o npl4cnoco6reHHocrll xl4urHHKoB x lo6sIeaHalo [auIH: t{yrKue yuu, ocrpoe 3peHl]e, xopoulHtl
r{rox, BbrHocJlHBocrb (n,toryr no 2-3
AHfl roJloAarb, AoJIfo Bblc,'lexuBarb Ao6brr{y); Anq HHx xapaKrepHo oco6oe noBeAeHHe: Jluca He3aMeTHO noAKpaAbrBaeTcf, fio.ilKapay,'IllBaeT, 3aMeTaeT c,'leAbl; BoJIK Mo)Ker [oAoJrfy fHarbcfl 3a Ao6blqeli, y Hero A.IIHHHbIe cHJIbHble Horl4.
Vnpa>xuRrr Aereri B yMeHhH cpaBHHBarb a onucblBarb )KHBorHbIX.
p v a i l . I 4 r p y r u r < al s a a u ) ; K a p r l ' t H b t< 3 a n q H a J I e x { K e ) ><, < B o , r Mare
r{bq crafl srauori>, <Me4eex<la 6ep,rora>>; MoAe,'Ib <,llluHulte n xop o r K u e H o r u > >( p u c . 7 ) ; S n a u e . n e r p a Q , x o n r y p u A o M a , A e p e B b e B JK a p TLIHKH c ttso6pax<eHHeM BoJ'tKa, d'ILIcbt.
71

l l p r a r v r e p H b r f ix o 4 s a H f l T H f l
| -n qacmo. BbrseruuearcTcqKaprr.rHbr
o Jrr{ce.Bocnurarenb flpel
r'raraer paccKa3arb o Hefi no cJ'relyrcureMynJraHy: fAe x(HBer, qeM [t
raercfl, xar<4o6lreaer nHUIy sulaori. OAfiH-Aea pe6eHxa BbrxoArlr,cMC
TpflT Ha KaprtrHbr,cocraBJ'rflIorpaccKa3 0 JrHce,rcoropufi paccKa3brBa
flfpyrrreqHoMysar?uaxy(aepx<ar efo B pyKax, rroKa3brBaroreMy KaF
ruuu). Bocnararelb AonoflHqer Hx orBerbr, 3areM y6upaer Kaprr]H
Blreeuaeaercfl KaprHHa o BoJIKe.AHa,rorh.rHoAerr,rpaccKa3brB
ror o BoJrKeurpyueqHoMy eariurlxy.
2-n qacma. BocnurareJrb AeMoHcrpupyer ua Slaue,rerpa$e nep
slrri gralK .[eca, yroqHqer [peAcraBJreHufl Aereri o nprzcnoco6zreni
Hux oco6euHocrflx sneperl K xvulHoMy o6pasy )KH3Hrr.3a4aer Boflpo

CbI: NOI{CMY BO,TIKAH .ilI4CYHA3bIBAIOTXI]IUHHKAMH? 9rO HM IIOMOIAE
oxorr4Tbcfl 3a )KuBorHbrlrr,r? I(ax ee4yr ce6a Bor,IK 14 JrHca Bo BpeM
oxorrr? lloueuy
BoJrK Moxer 6lrcrpo r,r ao.rrro 6erarl?
qacmb. !,evoHcrpauurr
3-a
MoAeJrr.r,r43roroBJreHHori H3 KaproHz
_
Bocnlrratelb
noKa3brBaer cepbre H pbrx{He <<Hofr4>>.
flocranun ux pa
AoM, cnpauHBaer, KaKHe AJTHHHee(euure), flpeAJraraer BbtflcHHTb, Ka
Kfie <<HorH>>
6ucrpee Mofyr 6erarl. t{eprur Ha AocKe MeJroM ABe fo
pIl3oHTaJIbHbIe JIHHI,IHaro AopoxKa, orMeqaer Hx Ha.Iaro. 3arel
rroKa3brBaer AerffM, KaK <<HO|H>OAHHaKOBO
Lilafaror (pasAeraraer wrp
KyJrH Ha oaHHaKosrrri yfoJr, cpaBHr4Baer nyreM HaJro)KeHun).
flenab

Plc.

72

7. MoAem, <<lruunue

u KoDorKr.reHofH>>

ruaf orMeqaer
rrflTb ruaroB <<HoraMI,I>>ua oAuot? Aopo)KKe (rax4uta
urpaxoM, Aerr Bc,'Iyx cuHrarcr). Ha eropotl AopolKKe pbI)KI'Ie <<Horll>>
paccyxAaer
c AerbMH:
To)Ke AerarcT rrflTb [IafoB. Bocnutatelb
Cronlrco uafoB cAeJIarH cepble <<Hofl{)>?
Cxo.ttlxo [IafoB cAeJIaJIa pbI)KHe <<HofH>>?
Ha Aopo)KKy, KaKHe <HoOAuuaKoeo, no nqrb. flocuorpure
fu> yruJrl{ Aarlure? (Cepue yrulu 4anlure.)
llo,qyuatire u cra>rlrre, noqeMy cepHe <<HofH>>yIxJIa r,aJlbtue/
(lloronny qro y HI.IXA.IIHHHeeuaru.)
lloueuy cepbre <<HofH>>
AeJlalor uart4 6oJ'tbrulle, a pblrxue I]o-

M e H b t u e ?( l l o r o u y q r o o H H 4 n u u u e e . )
Motyr 6ucrpee 6exars:
3Ha.{ur, KaKhe <<HorI4)>

cepble vJttl

pux<ne?(Cepue.)
(IIoro6rtcrpee 6erarcr, r{eMpbl>Kl4e?
lloveuy cepbre<<Horll>>
MY I]TO OHH AJIHHHCC PbI}KI-IX.)

-

C e p u e < < H o f H > > . r l a(?B o n r < a . )A p l r x < r a e ' { l H ?( J l u c s l . ) K r o r ' r s
Hr.rx6ucrpee 6eraer? (Bo.nx.) Bor noarouy BoJIKMo)Ker 6ucrpo 6erarr. A AoJIfo oH 6eraer noroMy, rITo Horll cHJIbHbIe.tlro eure noMoraer BoJrKy r.r JIHce noeAarb Mqco, pa3fpbt3arb xocra? (Kpenxue
ocrpbre ay6u.)
B xouqe 3aHflTrltt BocnHTareJIl o6paqaercfl K Hfpylxer{HoMy 3al4Ke: <<Tenepbrbr 3Hae[Ib o xI{lIIHHKaxJleca. HaeepHoe, yxe IroHflJI,
KaK oHH onacHbr. Ocraeaficq ryrrure B rpynle, c pe6nravn. KorAa
ouu nofi4yr B Jrec, Bo3bMyr re6fl c co6oli>>.
3aHcrr.re. CpaeHeHne 6e.loro n 6ypono naeAseAefi
t p a c u l l p u T b[ p e A l l p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p ) K a H H e . V r o ' { H I - I rH
craBJreHlre Aereti o6 o6pase )KH3HII tr4eAeeAeli,)KI'IByuIHXB pa3HbIX
npnpoAHbrx ycJloBuflx, I4x flpucnoco6reHHocrb K HIIM. V'{url Aereli
nO BHeuHOCTH,O6paey XH3HH, xapaKTepy
cpaBHHBarb )KHBOTHbIX
rb sau 6o.nee xapaKrepHble rlpH3HanLrraHttr, Mecry o6ur anun; BbIAeJIfl
ycraHaBJII4Barb CHar{ara pa3ilHqvfl, 3areM
KLl !;ntl CpaBHeHHfl
cxoAcTBo.
<<Me4se>xlR
Mare pvail. I(apruHu <<Ceruls6enstx MeABeAefi>>,
6eprora>, <<MeAeeAHeecuotl>>,urpyrueqHblfisaliqax, MoAerb MacKHpoBKH.
f l p u r v r e p H b r f ix o A 3 a H f l T n f l
I -n qqcmb. BHeeurlisaercr KaprI4Ha<<CeMbq6erHx MeABeAeIi>>,
AerH Hrpyuer{HoMy sairunxy paccKa3btBa}orro, qro oHH 3HarcTo6 arux
)Kt4BorHbrx.Bocnurarerb Ao[oJIHter, neilar aKIreHTHa cBoeo6pa3ue
o6pasa x(r43HHx{HBorHbIXB ycJloBltttx Apxruru.
Bocnurarell o63areu BbrBetrruBalorcr
ABe ocraBruHecflKaprI,IHbt.
paulaer BHHMaHHepe6rr Ha ro, qro o6e oHH npo 6yporo MeABeAfl
(uuraer Lrx Ha3BaHLIn),xora MeABeAHLl3o6pa)KeHbtroJIbKo sa oAnoli
r.r3HHx (arorray >KeyA,LlBrflercfl r't sahq.hrx)..{eru paccKa3blBarcr o6 usBecTHbIX
BKrroqaercq

HM

flBJIeHI{flX

U3

c rIoflcHeHHflv'u

)KH3HIi

JIeCHOIO

v r.onoJlHeHutlvru.

BeJII4KaHa,

BOCflI4TaTeJIb

O6uturvru

YCHTHqMIz Ha

73

ocHoBe 3HMHefOr.{ BeceHHero nerlsaxeri co3Aaercfl Kaprr4Ha)KH3HH
6yporo MeABeAflB recy B pa3Hbrece3oHbr.
2 -a q.acmo. BoclurareJrb opraHr.r3yerurpy-copeBHoBaHae,saia\uKa Ha3HaqaeTIoMotqHHKOM,npOCUTefo lpocTaBr.tflTboqKI4 rax<4oli
KoMaHAe- KoMaHAeMaJrbrrHKoB
H KoMaHAeAeBoqeK: <<nera! Halo
cpaBHHTb6eloro lr 6yporo naeAeeAeri,
cKa3arb, r{eM oHH orJtr{qarorcfl, qeM roxoxc4. f .nolrory 6yay 3aAaBarb Bofrpocbr, a Bbr paccxaslrearire rax, vro6u aafituxy 6lr,ro ece [oHrrHo>>.
Bonpocu Bocrrr4TareJrfl
:
l. CpanHure vregne4efi [o BHeluHeMyBr4Ay.t{eu oHrz orJruqarorcfl
,[.pyf or Apyra H .leN4noxoxH?
?
l. Cpauuure Mecra o6urauws.: rAe xaByr 6ypurtt,6e.nuri raeAeeAz
3. Cpaeuure nuuy NleAeeAeri.
4. tlro Ae.raror MeABeAHB 3rlMHroronopy?
qeM oHr.{orrar{arorcq H qeM noxo>xu?
5. CpaaHr,ne MeABe>Kar:
Bocnurare.nl: <<!,eru, renepb BaM rpyAHar 3aAaqa no4yuarire
HaA TeM, cMoryr .rrr >Kt4TbMeABeAr,r,
ecnu 6yporo MeABeAflorBe3TH Ha
Ceeep, n Apxrar<y, a 6e,roro, uao6opor, ts Jrec>>.
Bo epeua paccKa3oB 4erefi eocnfirareJrb r.rHofAao6paulaerca x
ufpyuer{HoMy sarlvour<y,cnpauHBaer y Hero, Bce 'JrH eMy noHflTHo,
CJIeAHT,'{rO6tr OH BOBpeMq Harpax{AaJr KoMaHAbr 3a IIpaBr{JrbHbre
orBerbr. B nyx<Hufi MoMeHTAeMoHCTpHpyer
MoAer'rbMacKr4poBKr.r
MeAseAeri B HX frpr-rBnquoli o6crauosxe u uao6opor. B 3aKJrroqeHr,
noAcr{r.trbrBarorcfl
or{KHKoMaHA.Bnzrpaeuafl KoMaHAacoBepruaer Kpyr
rIoqeTa.

PAEOTA C gETbMh B OEBPAJTE
B sroN{ Mecflrle HaquHarorcflABa HoBbrx urlKJra ua6lrcaeuufi: sa
rrrur{eri, x<uayuleri B yrod.IKe npupoAbr, a 3a npopacraroqr,rMrl JtyKoBrdrlaMr.r.
B no4roronureauHofi rpy[ne B KJterKe u,.rr.rBoJtbepe Moxer
xarl rrc6afl AeKoparr.rBHaflrrrl.rua, peryJ'lflpHoeHa6lrcAeuue 3a KoroP O T 1 C - I A U C T E C T E C T B C H H b I M T I P O A O J I ) K C H H C MO 3 H A K O M T C H H f l A O I X K O J I b -

HHKoB c npeAcraBarerqMlt
nepHarbrx. I_{urn na6lrcAeuuri rroMox(er
yr.ny6arl noHHMaHHe )KH3HH nrr{r{, npucnoco6leuuocrtl
K Ha3eMHoeosAyuruori cpeAe, c$opnar.rpoearb B AerHX r{yrKoe, rpefierHoe orHorueHue K 3Tr4M npeACTaBr4TeJrflM
)KHBOTHOTO
Mr,rpa; quKJr noMo)KeT Boc_
[IlTarb 6epex<uoe o6pauleuue c HHMr,r, HHTepec x Hx Heo6lr.{Htrr4
npoflBJreHr4arvr.Ha6nr.oAeHr]fl rrpoBoAflTcf 3a Bo,rrHHcrblMr.rflonyfaflMr],
Ho aHaJrotnvulrna o6pa3oM oHr.t Mofyr 6nrrl npoeeAeHbr 3a rauaperiKaMH, aMaAuHaMH, AeKoparuBHsrnau roly6nMu, KypaMr4.
Ha6lrcAenafl 3a JryKoM 3ro nepBoe (a ar-oru rory) cacreuarur{ecKoe o3HaKoMJreHue 4erefi c pocroM H pa3Burr4eM pacreHrll,
efo
B3ar-rMocBq3broc BHeruueri cpe4ori. flocraHoeKa HecJro)KHbrxo[brroB,
pefyJrflpHbre Ha6lrc4euua oAHH pas B HeAeJrro H 3apr.rcoBKu B KaJreHAape noMofyT AotuKoJrbHHKaMyKpe[r4Tb rroHHMaHr,re3aBHCHMOCTH
pac_
Tyqefo pacreHnfl or KoMrrr'reKcaycnoeuri, B Koropbrx oHo HaxoAHTcfl.
Ha6.nrc4eHur rrpoBoAflrcfl B cpaBHHTeJrbHoMnJrane. lla
cpaeue74

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a

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:
rony6or cuHtAnecTb BoAa xonoAHo

o

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r
I

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qepHbrr

6enuil-

TEMHO

HeT BOAbr

Ha cBery, B TerIJre,
,'ryKa-pe[Kr.r B pa3Hbrx ycJroBl.{nx:a Puc. 8. flpopaqreauae
B TenJIe, B Boae, B TeMHore; r Ha
B Boae; 6 - ua cBery, B xoroae, B Boae; B cBery, B ren"re, 6ea eoglr

Hr4f MO)KHOB3rrb O!,HOBpeMeI{HO
ABa-qerbrpe Bap}iaHTa coqeraH[q ycEc,ru c rpynnol:r Aerefi e npeAblryul4e roAbl He nporosufi (pnc.8).
BOAUJTaCb
CHCTeMarHqeCKaflpa6oTa rro 3KororuqecKoMy BocfIuraHHIo,
TO AJrfl CpaBHeHr{fl qerecoo6pa3Ho B3flTb Jltrrxb ABa Bapr4aHTa ycJloyufi (a u 6; a L4 B; a z r). Ec;ru rpynra cn,'rbHan, ro c AerbMI4 oAHOBpeMeHHOMOIKHO BeCTH HaoJrK)AeHUe3a TpeMf H Aa)Ke r{eTbrpbMq
6aHo.{ex
BapHaHraMH frpopaulHBaHHfl ,'ryKoBHq. 3apucoaKll'tyKoBlrq,
pHcyHKr.r 6yayr axxyparMO>KHOAeJrarb c noMoulbr,o rpa$aperoe
HbtMH.

COnOCTaBhMblMh.

NEPBA' HEAEN'
Ha6noAenue sa .ryxoru( I )
I { e . n s . V r o u u u T b n p e a c r a B J r e H u ror r o M , q r o I , r 3J I y K o B H I T b I - p e n KMl lo ) K H oB b l p a c yc,'roBllfl, T. e. rocaauTb B Bo,[y,
rurs sereHHfi'JryK, ec,'ur eii cosAars 6laronpulrulle
rrocraBuTb B TenJ'loe H cBer,roe uecro. 3e.neHuii lyx noneaeH .nro4nnr(oco6eHHo 3Hr'rorl H secHofi), rax xa< B HeM MHoro Br.rraMHHoB.t{ro6ur npoeepHTt', KofAa J'lyKJryque pacTeT, JryKoRHubrMo>KHoBbrpauHBaTb B pa3Hbrx ycJroBHfx.
B o c n u r a r e . n u p a c c M a r p H B a e rc a e r b M H ( B 3 a B H c u M o c r uo r B a p u a H T ao n u r a ) 4 n e qerblpe oAhuaKoBble,'ryKoBuqbr.O6paulaer BHHMaHueHa cyxne ueutyfiru, crapble KopO6cy>xaaer c /lerr,MH yc,'toBHrl, npr,r Koropbtx H3 JtyKoBrlrl
HH, IrJroruocrb ,'ryKoBr.rrlbr.
6yAer pacru seleHr,rii ,ryx. /{eru HaK,'leuBarcTHa 6asxa l{BerHble Kpy)KKH, o6osHa,rarculue pa3,rr.rrrHoecoqeraHHe yc,rroer-rri,3apHcoBbrBaror6aHxu c ,'ryKoBliqaMu Ha crpaMecTa.
HHqe KaJIeHAapr, cTaBrT r.rx B cooTBeTcTByroul!.re

I{ux.n Ha6.nrcAesufi 3a flofiyraqMu
Ha6rrcAenne l. <Kaxrle uaurn nonyrafiquxu?>,
I-len s: yrorrHuTr, BHerrrHuenpH3HaKH r'tTHrLcpaBHr..rrbr.rx H BbrflBr.rrbpa3,'ruqHeB
oKpacKe H Apyrux oco6euuocrqx crpoeHlrfl. O6parurl BHHMaHrleHa Kpacory nruq, noKa3arb Bo3MoxHocrb fipuqrHoro o6ureHnr c Hr.tMl.t.

75

Ha6"rrrcAesne 2. <<Kaxue ycroBuq HyxHbr nonynasM Arq uopuanuuoli >xugss?>>
I-[e"rs: o6paruTb BHHMaHHa
e e r e i i H a K o M n , t e K cy c n o o a r i , K o r o p b t e H y ) K H b tn r H L(aM,- npocropHaq KrerKa c HecKoJrbKHMllyAo6uuruu )KepAoqKaMH14[ecKoM Ha AHe;
3epHbuxKr.r v '<ucras soAa. 6es arax yc,roeufi nrr.rrlbr Moryr noru6uyrn. Hx cos4arcr
JlIOAll: HaAO IIOMHHTb,riTO CaMOqyBCTBUe
I.{ Xr.t3Hb rrTHrI UeJTHKoM3aBr.rcfiToT BOCnHtarenn u 4ereti.
Ha6nrcAesue npaypor{eHo K MoMeHTyyxoAa 3a rrrurraMu.
Ha6,nn4eHne 3, <Kax qyBcrBylor ce6r nonyrau?>>
I-[enl: yulrrl 4ereli BHAerb npoaBreHar xopouero caMoqyBcrBl.trrnrur{ cKaqyr no KJrerKe, KJrroror KopM, rtHcrrrr nepla, o6ulanrcq Apyr c
ApyroM, H3AarcTpa3Hbre 3ByKl.t. 3nars npusHaKr4 nJroxofo caMoqyBcrBl.tn:MaJronoaBH)l(Hbr,
nepbri B3.bepou e H b r , M o J q a J l H B b tH
, e p e a r u p y r o r H a K o p M . t { r o 6 s r n r u u u 6 s r n r - r: a o p o a u , H M H a A o
AaBarb pa3Hoo6pasuufi KopM: KpoMe 3epHocMecr.r,repryro MopKoBb, KycortKr.tR6noxa,
ariqa, xpourxll rBopofa, x,re6a. llrnqau HyxHa 3eJreHb(npopocrur.ul oBec, BeroqKu rpa4ecxaHqaa ).
Aeru sa6lpAaror peaKuarc nrr-rq Ha pa3Hbre KopMa, ca)KarcT oBec B xopo6o.rxn
A!'rfl npopaquBaHnfl 3eJreHrr.

3aHcrue. |{enouxr.r B Jrecy

lIporpaMMHoe
coAep)KaHHe. <Dopur.rpoBa
y r4be r e r i n p e 4 craBJIeHHeo B3aI4MocBqeuo6urareleli neca pacreHr.rri H >xueorHbrx, HX nHUIeBorZ3aBucr.rMocraApyf or Apyfa. !,arl suauue o roM,
qro Jrec aro coo6rlecreo pacreuufi H x{trBorHblx, Koropbre He Mofyr >KHrbApyr 6es Apyfa.
M a r e p u a i l . P a c c x a s < < l - [ e n o v x uB J r e c y > H 3 K H a f a < < S x o r o r u q
B Kapr[HKax>, caMoAeJrbHbre
KHHrr.ttto [peAbrIyuIHM paccKasau, @lanererpaS, KoHTypHbreraso6parxeuua pacleuarl H )Kr4BorHbrx,Koropbre
yrroMHHaloTcrB paccKa3e.

llpurraepHbrli xoA saHflTHtr
I -n ,aacmo. Bocnurarenb HanoMuHaero [por{nraHHbrxpaccKa3ax
r,rs KHHrH <<Sxolorag B Kaprr4HKax>>,
rroKa3brBaerHeKoropbre caMoAeJrbHbreKHHIH.!,eru ecnour4Haror,o r{eM oHH.
2-n ,racma. r{reHue paccKa3a <<l-[enouxrlB J]ecy>>.B npoqecce
qreHufl Bocnr,rrareJrb,onupaflcb Ha o[brr 4ereli, o6paulaercn K HHM
c Bo[pocaMu B cooTBeTcTByrOUlHX
MeCTaXTeKCTa:6Heant4 Jrr4Bbr B
necy? floxox Jrr.rJrec Ha MHofo3ra)r(Hbrri4ortl? Kro x(HBer B 3roM AoMe Ha pa3Hbrx araxax? B raroe BpeMr roAa B Jrecy MolKHo Bcrperr.rrb ryceHa.q, >xyxoa? lAe osn suvorl? Kro e Jrecy [r4raercfl ceMeHaMr.r,opexaMr4, )KerrryAarru?14 r. g.
3-n tacmo. lloeropHoe qreHue paccKa3a H BbrK.rraAbrBaHr4e
Ha
Qlaue,rerpa$e cHava.naorAerbHbrx 3BeHbeB,a 3areM o6ureri qertor{KH rrvraHLrflJrecHbrxo6urare.teri (puc. 9, l0).
B ceo6oAHoe BpeMr AerH c BocfruTarer'reMco3Aalor caMoAeJrbHylo
KHHry no npoqraraHHoMypaccKa3y.
B erou Mecfr{e HaquHaercfl o3HaKoMJIeHue4ereri c Bo3AyxoM H
ero ceoficteal,rrl. BocnaTareJrb coo6ulaer, qro Be3Ae B noMeureHrrr4u Ha yJrr4rre,AoMa B KBaprupe - ecrb Bo3Ayx. Ou npospauuuli,
rerxuri, cpBceM uesauetHurl
76

ryceHuuanoeAaernucr

Mbtubnoe4aer sepHo

nuquHKaxyKa noe4aer ApeBecuHy

cnHuqanoeqaerryceHuuy
Puc.

9.

O6paeonaHI-ie

qe[eft

nitITaHHt B Jlecy

nacKa noBnT Mbtub

AqTen noe4aeT nnquHKn xyKoB

F€
coKon noBnT cnHnuy

coBa noBuTnacKy
Puc. 10. O6pa.ioaauue uenefi nurauur B Jrecy

Ha6.noAenne l. <Kax o6uapy>xuru Bo3rJX B nonerqeurlu?>>
Ue.nr. Iloxaearb AerqM, qro Bo3,[yx.rerxo o6uapyxr.irb, ec,'l.i co3Aarb ero ABl.rxeHrae. Ilpu sToM ero Mo)KHo rroqyBcrBoBarb r<oxefi nuua :ro 6yAer ,'rerKui BeT e'o o K .
Bocnarare.no [roKa3brBaer, xax pyxofi Mo)KHo o6N,raxusarr ;ruqo, uro6tr rtogyBcrsoBarb ABaxeHile Bo3,uyxa. flpeg.naraer AeraM cAeJrarb ro )Ke caMoe. Cnpauueaer y
HLIX,qro oHt-rnoqyBcrBosanu. Kaxori aos4yx? flpu eerepxe cra,'ro xoJroAHeeH,'rHTen.iree? ,(elroucrprlpyer 6yrrlaxusrri seep, Aaer AerflM caMHM floMaxarb r.r [orryBcrBoBarb
rrpoxJraAy.(Crapurae aouKoJrbrl.iKr.rueep 4enam camu.)
Ha6.rloAesne 2, <<Boe4yxecrb Bo Bcex npeAMerax>.
Ile.ns. floxasarb AerqMt qro Bo3Ayx ecrb noBcoay, Bo Bcex [peAMerax r.r Marepnarax, ero ,'rerKo o6uapyx<urr, ecJru onycKarb npeAMerl,l B BoAy.
Bocnutarenr [poBoArrr olL,rr c AerL,Mr,r,cHArulrrMrl aoxpyr 6onsuoro crora, tlocpeAl4 Koropofo croHT Tpex,'rr.rrpoBar6asxa c eoAoii. floxasHBaer HM no oqepeAu He6o,rsruae rsr<cJlbrc npeAMerbl (r<aneur, rBo3ar,, KpyrrHyrc nyroBr.rqy rz 4p.), cnpaurueaer, ecrb,'rH B HHX eoelyx. Brrcny[rr.{Baer oreerrt 4erei, a noroM rrpeAJ'laraerBHI]MaTe,lbHo cMorpern ua 6auxy c eoAori, qro6H sal4erarb, r.rro 6yAer npoacxo4rars. Epocaer B BoAy oAaH npeAMer. floxa oH onycKaercq Ha AHo, BocrrarareJrb BbrAep)KHBaer
[ay3y, 3areM cnpauHBaer, uro pe6Rra yB]rAerr.r.Bpocaer Apyroli npe4uer H olqrb npocar ux Ha6,'rrcAarl. ,Il,o6fieacrcr orneroB: npeAMer rouer (na4aer ua 4Ho), nprr sToM
H3 Hero Bbrxoaqr Ma,reHbKfie [y3brpbKu, Koropbre noAHHMarcTcqnaepx. fle4aror cnpaulr.lBaer, qro xe 9To 3a ny3r,rpr,KHH orKy4a oHH B3ltJll.tct,.Ecnu 4eru He orBeqaror,
noflcHrer:..Ilysupsxu
3To Bo3!yx, ou 6srn B KaMHe I..tBbrueJr H3 Hero, Korr,a KaMeHb norraJr B Boay>).!.a.nee yro,rHaer: KyAa (eeepx a,ra auus) Anura"ncrr KaMeHb, KyAa ABLra,rHcb ny3r,lpr,Kr.lnoe4yxa? Cnpaurueaer, noqeMy KaMeHb[aAaJ'l Brru3t a ny3btpb.KH rroAHuMa,'rzcbBBepx. Buc.rryurHnaer pe6nr u noflcHfler: <<Kanaesu
ra>xenuri, Tr)Keree
BOAbrOH TOHeT, rraAaeT Ha AHO, BO3AyX,'refKHA, ,lefqe BOAbr OH nOAHHMaeTCq
BBepx H BbrxoAHTH3 Hee>>..(enaer esrno4: <<Bos4yxecrb Bo Bcex npeaMerax, Ho oH
H e 3 a M e T e>H.
fleaaror npeA,'raraer AerflM ts3rrrb no oAHoMy rrpeaMery u flo oqepeArl 6pocllrs ux
e 6aur<y. Bce er4ecre ua6,rrcaaor, qro npoucxoAHr, orMeqaror rloflBrlBuruecq ny3brpbKIl Bo3Ayxa H rn)Kecrb npeaMeroB. Bocrurarers o6paqaer eHnlraHlre pe6ar ua ro, rrro
aepeBqHHbleilpcAMeTbr He ToHyT B Boae, oHt{ Jlefqc ee, Ho Bo3Ayx B HI.{xTo)Ke ecTb.

BTOPAT HEAEnC
fipo4or>xaercfl
3rrMHflfl nor,KopMKa tlTr,rrl Ha yqacrKe, Boc[urareJrb
nolAep)KuBaer HHnur,raruey 4ereri, r4x caMocroflTeJrbHbre ua6.nrc4euaR.
B yrolxe npr4poAbr Aerr.{-Ae)KypHbrecoBeprxeHcrByror cBou HaBbrKr{ rro yxoAy 3a o6nTarerflMu.
Bce xopollrue npoflBJreHr,rfl AotuKoJtbHLTKOB
BOCIIHTaTeT.Ib
nOOU{pfleT nOXBa,'IbHbIMI,t
OqKaMH, KOTOpbteHe 3a6lreaer BHocHrb e <<flauopaMy Ao6pbrx Ae"'l>.

Ha6;rrc4ennesa nyxonr (2)
3a Heaerro, 3aIe;r s. Bnrneurb fi3MeHeHL{q,Koropble flpor,r3oruJruc r'ryKoBHrraMr,
pr.rcoBaTbyBHAeHHoeB KaJreHAape.
Bocnurare.ns caxaer Aerel:r ea o6u1afi cron, craBr.lr oAHy 6aHovxy c .tyxouuqeri.
flo qneruuru Kpy)KKaMHa 6agxe yroqHfler, KaKHe yc,'roBl.tf 6tr,ru cosaaunr aroft ,ryroeuqe. 3areM nperuaraer AerqM BHuMare,'rbHoocMorperb r'ryKoBHIIyco Bcex cropoH,
BbrflBllrb l.{3MeHeHHq,Koropbte c uefi npolaoulrIl. leru o6Hapy><uearcTnoqBuBuluecq
KopHI.r(Bo3Mo)KHo,u nporr'rroHyB[ryocq se,reus), 3apucoBbrBaror,ryKoBHrIy Ha crpaHr.{qe Ka,'leHAapflB rro,'rHoMcooTBeTcTBHHc yBHAeHHbrM.
AHa,roru.lnnl4 o6pasom paccMaTpr{BarcTcfla apyrqe ,{yKoBuubr. Bocnurarent ne
Ae,laeT BbrBoAoB, He cneurnT ycTaHaB,'tuBaTbcBrr3H, Ho nolAep>Kr,tBaeTpaccyx<AeHfif
aereri.

79

{nx.r Ha6rrcAennfi sa ro[yracMu
(npodo,ttrcenue)

Ha6.nrc4euxe 4. <Kax nrr.rqbr orHocrrcr Apyr x 4pyry?> (3aaauue AerqM AJrq caMocroflTe,'IbHoro Ha6,rrc4eHan.)
IJe.r s. Vvurn 4erefi saueuarr aefrcrsrq nrr4q, HanpaBJ'reHHHe
Apyr Ha apyra (noAoABt.ifaroTcfl, cMoTptT, crlenJrflr,oTKlltoBbr, n3AatoT He)KHble 3ByKH r.tJll.tKpr4traTapyf Ha
Apyfa, KJroror, nporoHflror c xepaor{Krl, or ropruyurrn). flo ur-rvronpeAe,'rsrb, xopouue
HJlll nJIOXHey nTI.rUB3aI4MOOTHOUeHLI'.
Ha6nnaeHne 5. <Kax rrruubr crpoar rueaao?>>
Ecnn nru(rr pa3HonoJlbrer He arpeccnsHbr apyr K apyry B K,lerKy BeuarcT AoMr.iK-,lynJrrHKy,Ha AHo K"'rerKaK,'ra!yr crponrensxsrri MarepuaJr (ue,rxue nepbrxKx, cyxve rpaBHHKr.r).!,erau npeA"laraercq ua6.rrc4aru caMocrorreJrbHo, uro nruqu 6y4yr
ae,'rarb c aoMHKoM, crpouTe,rbHbrMMarepua"'roM,xar 6ygyr ssauN,roaeiicreoBarbApyr c
apyfoM.
Ha6rrcAenxe 6. <<Kaxue flepbq Ha re,re y nonyraee?>>
I-[e.rr. Vcrauonurl, qro fiepbq pa3Hbre no oKpacKe, 1.r'VHev Soprrae. Ha rpu,rlflx H xBocre - arraHHbre,rrJrocKue.Ha rorose, rpyar.r, 6prcurr<e KoporKue, nyuncrure. Knrcs a HorH 6es nepbeB. Mqrxue nepbfl nraqbr Hcnorrb3yror !d'lr fHe3Aa.

Ha erori HeAeJreBocnr,rrare,'rb opraHr.{3yerH3roroBJreHHe caMoAe,'rb
nofi rsnru <<l-[enovxnB Jrecy>>:
ner{araer paccKa3,Aerr,lpncyrcT K HeMy HJrr'rlocTpaqHH.
3aHcrne. Kro rnasHHft a .lecy?

f l p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p x ( a H u e . y r o q H n r bn p e A c r a B J r e HAHeerefi o B3aHMocBfl3Ho6vrareJrefi lecsoro coo6ulecrea, r4x nnuleBofi
3aBHCHMOCTH
APyr Or Apyra. llOXaeaft, qTO fJraBHOe3BeHOB Jrecy pacTeHuq, KoTopbrMr.r[HTaroTcq pa3rr4r{Hbre}KHBoTHbre.Aarl Aerslr
- qeJroBeKe,xoropuri 3a6orl4Tcf o Jlece:
npeAcraBJreHlre
o JrecHr,rKe
6epexer or no)Kapa, noAKapMJrraBaer
xHBorHbrx 3r4Morl,c[acaer HeKoropbrx H3 Hr,rxor 6ellr.
M a r e p u a i l . P a c c x a s < < H e e u , q u u s rBee c b r >r>, r 3K H r , r f H< < S x o r o r u q
B KaprHHKax>>
xuBorHbrx >),<<
JIec ; Kaprr4Hbr.. 3 HnnHqfl[oAKopMKa Alz'Kr,tx
HuK cnacaer 3arirleB>r;S.naHe.nerpaoa xourypuue uso6pax(eHHflJrecHbrx pacreHnri r,r x<neorHHx.
llpurraepHbrri xoA 3aHflTLrs.
I -n qacma. BocnHrarerb BcnoMrHaer c AerbMrl paccKa3<<IIenoqxu
B recy)>, BMecre Bbrcrpar4Barorua QrauererpaQe qenoqKy nnureBbrx
3aBncnMocreri (pxc. ll) o6nrareJrefi Jreca. O6pallaer BHHMaHaeHa
HaurrrAHbrr?
o6pas uenoqKn, BbrcrpoeHHolina Q.nane;rerpa$e.I4rpaer
c AerbMlr B Hrpy <<9ro 6yAer, ecJrr{y6parr H3 uenoqKu xaxoe-uu6y4l
3BeHo>>.,[lern sslcxa3blBaror cBoH rIpeArIoJro>KeHHfl,
3a npaBr4JrbHb
orBerbr nod'ryr{a}orQnnxra.
Becbr>>.
Bocnurarerr
2-n qacma. tlreuue paccKa3a <<HegHAlrMbIe
qHTaeT paccKa3 MeAJreHHo,B Hy)KHbrxMecTax AeJraeTnoflcHeHHe u,rla
o6paulaerca K orrbrry Aereti.
3-n ,aacmo. BocnurareJrb paccKa3brBaer,r{To 3a BceMIl JIecaMI
JrecHHKH.ouu xopouro 3HanpHcMaTpnBarcTcneIIHaJrbHbIeJIroAr,r' KaprnHsr r.r3 Br,r[eyKa3aHHoro noco6uq

80

se
Wn
4*D
4e

ffi

yp;-

)^t

ffi
4W

es

necuoro coo6urecrBa
Pr.rc.I l. O6utaq qerlb rtHTaHHrnpeAcraBuTe,lefi

,reca H crapalorcfl noMot{b HM B TpyAHoe Bperor Bcex o6urareleti
BeAb B
y6epe'rl JIec or noxapa:
Mfl. DraBHafl sa1av'a JIecHI4KoB
o6Hrareru.
14
Bce
efo
ofHe fv6Hyr AepeBbf
Paccnaarpn ealor Ka prl4 Hy <<3 HMHrfl noAKopMKa Llr'Kvrx)KHBorHblx >>.
tlro AeeaAaer Bonpocbl: xro uso6pax<el-l y_a raprnHe?
Bocnurareri
ecrl?
6yAer
ero
ceso?
B
Jrec
oH
npgBe3
Kro
3a.{e1a
Jraer JrecHr.rx?
Kax ycrpoeHa KopMyruxa? t{ro JIe}KHr Ha 3eMJIe oKoJIo roprrayrurrl?
Korray uyxHbl BerKH 4epenlen?
<<Jlecuux crlacaer 3ali3areu paccMarpltBalor Apyfyrc KaprHHy
r{To
BecHoIi B pa3fap rasqeB)>. BocnHTareJIb paccKa3blBaer o roM,
Hur cueroB 14 pa3JILIBa peKI4 JIec 3a[oJ'IHflercq soAoli. HaseMHHI\a recHbrM o6l,rrarerflM fpo3ltr onacHocrb 3aTorIJIeHI'If. B aro BpeMfl JIeCHHKI4
r{M noMoralor. Bonpocu K AerqM: xro nso6pax(eH Ha xaprnue? Hro
9ro 6y-aer c
B JroAKe y JrecHr4Ka? KyAa .necHuK HanpaBJlfler loAry?
floqesallqH?
IrBera
He
cnacer?
efo
ecru
necsuK
Karoro
safiueNr,
My oHlr [ecTpbre? t{ro cAenaer JIeCHHK C Safi[aN,II'r?
3asepuax 3aHflrr4e, Boc[I]rareJlb foBopl'tr: <<,[lern, Bbl renepb 3Ha3To Bce paBHo r{To MHoro3raxsotfi AoM, B KoropoM x{Here: Jrec x
Ber MHoro pa3Hbtx JlecHbtx )KHJIbt{oB.Ouu xopouro npncnoco6leHu
3To
)KH3HH B Jrecy, Bce oHH Hy)KHbt Apyr Apyry. lnasHHe B Jlecy
AepeBbq H Apyrue pacreHuq: oHH Aalor nnuy H y6erxuqe MHofIlM )KHBorHbrM. Jlecuuxl.t, Koropble pa6orarcr B Jlecxo3ax, JlecHHqecrBax, 3aero or rlo)Kapa, IloMoralor )KI'IBorHblM B
o Jlece: 6eperyr
6orsrcg
o
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9TO BA)KHbIC AJIfl JICCA JI}OAH>>.
3. <Bosryx ynpyruft'.
Ha6.rroaeHue
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aerei c reM, LIro Bo3AyxoM
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6ecQopmeuurre- npr'ro6perarorSoprrly.
u qe,r.no$aHonulinaretu, nos4yutuslfiuraBocnararerr, npflroroBl'tB6ylrax<Hurft
pe3hHoBt'tx
trlRqeti,caxaer aereft aoxpyr 6olsruoro cro.na' loaopNr c
pl.1K,HecKo!'lbKo
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ero). ,[la.neepaccKa3blcraBrqror pyry r inoeft crpye Bo3Ayxa,'rro6lt noqyBcrBoBarb
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Hqer
4

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npeaMerbl roxe craHoBqrcq ynpyfr.lMl.t or nos4yxa. BocnHrare,ru coo6qaer, qro cei_
I{ac cAe,'raer r.rHTepecHyro
xronyurKy, noKa3brBaer 6yuaxHr[i naxer, o6pau{aer BHHMaHHe lta ro, qro y Hefo ner sopnau, ou rrlxrxuil, He ynpyrnfi. HaAyeaer efo, iloKa3brBaer, KaKyrc Qopvy oH npHo6peraer, Aaer BceM norporarL, ,r noqyBcrBoBarb efo
ynpyrocrb, a 3areM npeAynperqaer (uro6n AerH He r-rcnyra.nacl), qro cefiqac x,,rofiHer
no HeMy. X.nonaer l, noKa3brBaer, KaK rraKer pa3opBar'rcqor ynpyrofo eosgyxa. Haaynaer qe.n.noQaHosHrln4euo.reK,aeMoHcrpr.tpyer ero $opuy, ynpyrocrl. 3areM lroKa3l,rBaer HeHalyrbrri utapux, o6paqaer BHHMaHueHa rot rrro oH uarraii, 6ec$oprraeuHuii.
Ha4yeaer ero, 3aBfl3brBaer,Bce ,'refKo Ha>KHMalor- npo6yror ynpyrocrb. fleaaror norcHfeT, qTo TorbKo HaAyTbrMuapHKoM HHTepeCHOrjfpaTF,.
BqcrNrare.nu 3araAblBaer 3afaaKy: <Kuneur, B peqKy He roHer, 6seuls o ctesKy He croHer, 6yAeur o3eMb Kl-iAarb craHer KBepxy Jrerarb>>(nnu). floxasuBaer MflJ h foBoptlr: <Bor yaueure.nsuufi npeAuer r p y r ; r s r r i , r r . l o r H s r f i .y n p y r r f r .
oro Bcefo orcKaKnBaer, Hrparb c HHM OAHOyAOBOJrbCreuelflovelry ><e oH raxofi?
t{ro y uero nuyrpu?>
Aaer Aersu rrorporarb, Ha)+(arb,[oqyBcrBoBarb ynpyrocrl. flocJIe orBeroB nogcHfler: .<Mav ua4yr Bo3ayxoM, no3ToMy oH raxoii ynpyrr.tii. t{en nyvile MqquK HaA/T, TeM 6o,ree ou ynpyrur:i u reu nyvrue npuraer>>. Bocnurare,rt 4eMoHcrpl'rpyer Hrpy B Mflt{' a noroM Aaer Bo3Mo}KHocrbAertlM noHrparb B uapHK t4
MflTIH.

Ha6.roAenne 4. <<Atev HrpaeM)>.
L[e,rr. flora:arb AerflM, rrro c Bo3AyxoM Mo>r{Horro-pa3HoMy rzrparb, ecr,ru HayqHTbcq dunr,Ho 4yrl.
Bocnutate.nl noKasbrBaer rfpbr: KaK nyuaHKy l,rrH flerKoe nepbrrxKo MoxHo yaepxaTb B Bo3AyXe,KaK loJlyqaroTcff MbIJIbHbreny3blpH, KaK Mo)KHOrHaTb rIO BOr'rHar\{
Ma" r e s u x u r l n a p y c H H K , c A e n a H u s r i iH 3 c K o p J l y n b t r p e u K o r o o p c x a . , [ e , r m A e r e H u l a e r
ecer'r npd4lrerbr AJtr r.tfpbr c Bo3,DJX0M.flpe4,raraer cHarta.nanoynpax{HqThcfl, a 3aTeM
H nonfparb B hrpril <<V xoro AoJrbure He ynaaer rrepbnuKo>>,<V xoro xpynuee 6yayr
MbrJ'rbHbre
fly3brpH)>,<<v xoro Aa,'rbrueyn,'rbrBer xopa6,rux>. Aeru n,loryr MeHrrbcs Hfp a u u . B o c n u r a r c , r b H a n o M H H a e r ,q r o H r p a r b H M n o r r . t o r a e ra o . r 4 y x .
!,orraarrrHee
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A H H : n o r o B o p H T r ,c
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Merbr,

Marparl HaAyBHylo HrpyurKy u np.; noafparb c pe3uHoBori urpyurxofi
B BaHHe u o6tqcHr,rrb. noqeMv oHa He roHer.
B noue4elrHnK Bocrn4Tareio pasroBaputsaer c AerbMr.r o roM, r{To
uHTepecHofo oHH y3HaJrU, KaK UfpaJrn, BHAe,'rr4JrH HaCOC.
flo xenaHuro Bocnr4TareJrq H ilpu Harrlr{ara o6opy4oralltr
alailoraqHbre Hfpbr u ua6.nrc4euun Mofyr 6lrrl
npoeeAeHbl r.t B AercKoM

caAy.

TPETbt HEAEnt
Ha :rofi HeAe,re Bocltr{TarerrlboptaHl-{3yer H3foroBr'teHI4eKHH}KKtl
no paccKa3y <<Hearz4uMbre
Becbr>).
Kax u B npeAbrAyurne Mecflrlbr, e)KeAHeBHoBeAercR ua6,rrc4euue
sa noro4ofi, pa6ora c KaJreHAapeu.
Ha!,erH y)Ke BJraAerorHaBbrKaMH
6nro4euut, froMHqr 3Har{KH,opueHTapyrorcqHa crpaHuue KareHAapfl,
no3ToMy BocfiuTaTeJrbr,r3btcKHBaeT
npHeMbr,floBbrlxarculHer]x caMocroflTeJrbHocrbB SToM npouecce: Aaer jaAanue Ae)KypHbrMno yroJrKy rrpr4poAbrHJ'rr,r
orAeJ'rluunape6lrana ua6,nnAarb 3a noro4oli, AeJrarb
3apHcoBKH;npeAJrafaer BceM caMocroflTe,'lbHonoHa6nrc4arb v3 oKHa
82

Ao rrporyJrKkrLIIIHAaer saAanue Ha6rroAarb 3a nofoAoli yrpov'no 4opore B AercxHrl caA H T. A. Bo Bcex cryqarx Bocfllrrarenl (c rroMoullro 4erefi) KoHTpoJrHpyer
Bbrno,'rHeHue
saAaHHri,n pasrooope co BceM14 yror{Hqer pe3yJrbrarbr sa6.nrcAeHnfi, npaBriJlbHocrb 3arroJrHeHuq
KareHAapfl.
cHeroMepoM
Oco6oe BHHMaHHecrelyer o6parurl Ha H3MepeHr.re
r.ny6raHucHe)KHoro rroKpoBa: 3UMHI{eMecflrrbrMaJro orJrr,rqa}orcflApyf
or Apyfa, r.rAeT
JrHrrrbHapacraHHecHex(HoforroKpoBa.B Seepa.necuefa oco6eHHo MHofo, rroSToMyMo)KHo qaule Lr3MepflTbero r,ry6uny,
CrII'lTaTb MepHble

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pasnurun) a npaBr.{JrbHo
ueo6pax<arb roJruruHy cHex{Horo noKpoBa B
KaJreHAape.
Ha erori HeAer'reBo BpeMR sa6,rr.oAeuufisa noroAoir socnurarerl
qTo
BbtflcHfeT c AeTbMu, ecTb Jru Bo3Ayx Ha yJruqe, rAe oH Haxo.u,r.rTcfl,
raKoe Berep, KaK ero MolKHo 3aMerHTb.,Il,enroHcrpupyercaMoAeJrbo6cyrxHbre BeTpfKr4, tlapalu]oTbr, AaeT HX AJlfl r,rrpbrAorxKoJrbHr4KaM,
Aaer c AerbMH, KaK BeprHTcflBerpflK, noqeMy noryr{aercfl Berep, KorAa AerH 6eryr, KaK napaurcT 3aMeA,lfler naAeHHe.
Ha6.rrcAeHne sa nyxorrr (3)
I - l e n l . O 6 u a p y x r . { T b u 3 M e H e H H rBr - c o c r o n H H a , r y K o B H u r , rp, o c r x o p H e r i H 3 e J r e H r . r ;
cBr3aTb arr-l r43MelreHuqc HarHvfieM Hy)KHbrxA,rs .pocra yc"ronuli (ren,ra, BoAbr, cBepera). Cpaaur.rrl ,'ryKoBr.rrrbr
n o6Hapy><urr pa3rur+is B rzx cocrorHuu.3apuconat
3yJlt,rarH Ha6nrcAeHfiq B KaJreHAape.
Bocnurare.nr, TaK )Ke KaK H B npeAbrAyu{eMua6,rlo4eulul, nooqepeAHo paccMarpr{Baer c AerbMr.rJryKoBr.irlbr.
yBHAeHfleru o6uapy>xHBa]or H3MeHeHHr,3apr.rcoBbrBa]or
soe. 3arelr Bocfir.rrare,rbnpeA/raraer cpaBHHTb,'ryKoBur-lbr
Mex4y co6ori, uafiru nx pas.nvrrttfl H noAyMarb, orqero oHH npoHcxoAflT. fleaaror He aer'raer BblBoAoB caM, Ho
noA4epxrzBaer npaBhJrbHbrepaccyx,qeHun Aereli. Ecna oHn ue o6napyxar npfiquHy pa3pa3Hhrly yc.noeuii, oH nper"/laraer elue HeaeJrrcua6,rrcaaru 3a JryKoBllqaMH.
nnguh -

Il,ux;r Ha6.rrcAeHnfi 3a flonyraqMr4
(npodoncrcenue)
Ha6,rroaenne 7. <Kax nruri.br orablxarur u crrqt?.
I{e,rs. lloxasarb AerflM, qro nruqbr, KaK 14 Bce x(HBHe cyuecrBa, Hyr(AarcTcr B
orAbrxe. Or4rrxam H crrrr oHH oco6^uu o6pasou crzAq Ha )<epAoqKe, pacny[r.rB
rrepbrr, cnprTaB ro,'roBy rroA Kpbl,'ro. unqT rTr.irlbr B TeMHoTe, oT cBeTa H [ryMa IIpocbrnarcTcff. Hro6u nruulr xopouo or,l.brxaJru,)KepAoqKlr,[.oJr)KHbr
6rrrl y4o6Hnnu: He
OqCHb

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HC OqEHb

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H a 6 . r r o A e s u e o p f a H n s y e r c r ( B e q e p y B T e M H o Mn o M e u l e H u n : B o c r r u T a r e , r b . n p e A ,raraer HecKorbKHM AerqM Tl.rxo nocrorrrb prAoM c r,rerroi. a 3areM paccKa3arF,ocLrro onn BuAeJrH.Bnaecre o6cy>xaarclr,yao6Hu ,'ru [onyraqM )KepAoqKH.
Ta,'rL,HblM,
Ha6nrcAenue 8. <Kax nonyfau nagarcr?>>
I-l e r r. floxasarb aourKo,'lbHHKaM
npucnoco6qrensHsre oco6ensocru rronyraeB, no3BoJIflrouIHeHM Jra3arb no KJrerKe: na,'rbrlbr, noBepHyrl,re B pa3Hbre cropoHbr (4ea nnepeA, ABa uaea4), 4nnuubre 3arHyrbre Korru, 3aKpyr,reHur,rrix.nroe. flonyran JrerKo ,ra3aroT no KJ'reTKe,Ilenrttcb KofTflMr4r,r KJIT0BoM3a ee npyTbE.
Bocnnrare,rl BcraBJlrer s qqefixa KrerKx KycoqKu raKoMofo xopua, 4aer pe6lTaM 3aAaHue nocMorperb, KaK nrnr-lbr 6y4yr 4o uero 4o6uparlcr, r{To HM B 3ToM rroMOtaeT.

83

qETBEPTA' HEAEnt
Ha yracrxe npoAoJrlKaercflnoAKopMKa[rr,ru, B yfoJrKe rrpr4popa6ora c Aex(ypHbrMr.r.
Abr - HHAHBHAyaJrluaa
Ha6.rru4ennesa .nyxom(4)
I-(e.nl. Vqlrrl Aereti 3aMeqarb H3MeHeHHflpacryrulrx,,ryKoBarl, cBfl3blBarb ux c
$axropauu eHeruHert cpeAbr; gaMeqarb pa3,'rhqhfl B pocre 3eJreHHy pa3Hbrx JryKoBrlq,
ycTaHaBJIUBaTbHX npHqr.rHbr.
OpraHusyn paccMarplBaHue xax{4ofi JryKoBuubr,BocrruTareJrbrrcnoJ'lb3yerrrpeAbrIyu-(yto crpaHlrlD/ KaJIeHAapn. .4,eru o6uapyrxunarcr u3MeHeHHfl, [oApoctxy]o 3e,'reHb,
<<no.xyAeBuyto>>
JlyKoBr.rqy,Ae,'lalor 3apHcoBKy, o6cy).(Aalor npuqHHbr orcraBaHltfl B pocTe HeKoropbrx 9K3eMnJrflpoB.Bocnntate.nl npeAJlaraer HM cpaBHllrb ycnoBHq, npLI KoTopblx pacryr JryKoBl.iubl, noABoAHT K BbtBo.[y, r.rro roJtbKo no.nsufi KoMl,'leKc yc,ronufi
o6ecnequgaer xopou-ruri pocr 3er'reHofo J'ryKa.

(nxn

na6.rrcAennfi Ba roflyraqMr.r
(npodonncenue)

Ha6,nroAenue 9. <floven,ty He BuaHo cauoqry?> (3a4aurae AerflM A,,rq caMocrorrTer'rbHoroua6,rn4euux.)
Bocnarare,tl
npeAJraraer sa6nrcAaro ga x.nerxofi il31anu'. o6e nH flru.lxu HaxoAqrcfl B KrerKe xJrr4oAHa u3 Hax npqrlercR o qol.ruxe? Kto HNleHHo(cavovxa ulu carr.req)
3aaep)Kr.iBaercr raM, c raxofi qe.nrrc? Ha c.neAyxru1lrfiaenl er4ecre o6cyx<aarcr ynaAeHHoe, peuarcT, qro caMoqKa orK,'raAbtBaerRfiqa, Hauuuaer rlx BbtcH)KHBatt. BocnaTarerb o6pau{aer BHr.rMaHHe
Ha ro, qro tso3r'leKrerKH creAyer BceM Becru ce6R rxxo, ue 6ecnoror.rrb caMKy B rHe3Ae, .lro6H 6natonoryrrHo BbraeJ'lhcbnreHrlbr
Ha6.rro,[eHne 10. <Kro KopMHT calroqxv?>>
l-le,r s. Vcrauonuru, .fto nonyrari-caueu uocur B KJlrotseKopM B fHe3Ao Arrr caMx u , v r o 6 u o H a c r . r A e J ru
aa s f i q a x , H e B c r a B a q . 3 H a , r n r , o 6 e n r u q u ( u o n o - p a s H o r r , t y )
yqacTByroT B BbrBeAeHHr.r
nTeHrIoB.
Bocnulare,rr Mor{er Aarb 3aAalrle A,rq Ha6,trcaerrr4flHecKor'rbKr.rM
aerrM. a loroM
co BceMr.{pe6nraua o6cyx4aer ro, r{To oHH yBr.rAe,'rH.

KorunnexcHoe saHflTlte. <<llpofi4er snMa xoJroAHas...>
fI po rpaMMHoe
c o A e p l K a H 1 4 e .V r o q u u r l [ p e A c r a B J r e H rA4eqrerl o snr\4e,o )KI3HH pacreuuri u )KHBorHbrxB 3To BpeMr. floxasarl
3aBr4cuMocrbcocroqHr4n pacreunrl or BHetuHHxycloeufi: AepeBbfl r,r
KycrapHI,rKI4
6eg ructeB, He pacryr, rroroMy rrro He xearaer Heo6xoAHMbrxyc.noeuri (ren.na, BoAbr,cBera). OopnrupoBarb screrr.rqecKoe
oTHOtUeHHe K 3I,IMHI,IMqBIeHHflM: 3aCHe>KeHHbrlaneHsaxaM, AepeBbflM B HHee, cBepKaroxleMy cHefy, sr4MHHMpa3B,reqenaqr\a. 3HN4a-ceoeri Kpacorori e4oxuoaur'ra xyAo)KHHKoB nucarb Kaprr,tHbr, KoMrro3HTopoB cor{HHflTb My3brKy, no3ToB cTr.rxH.
<l(a.neu4apt Ha6rroAeHr-{r 3a rrpupoAori> (rpra surr,tpuail.
Mare
Hr.recrpaHuqu); xaprr.ruu <<flepnnfi cser>> A. A. llnacrosa, <<Pyccxar
3HMa>>,<<Koueq 3HMbr>>,<<Maproecroe co,lHrle>>K. O. IOona, <<Mapr>>
V. 14. Jleeuraua; Kaprr4Hbt o 3tlMe na yve6uo-HarJrrAHbrx noco6uri
AJrf AeTCKOTOCaAa; CTr,rXA3HaMeHhTbrX rro9TOB O 3flMe, HarrucaHHbre
Ha uraKarax (A. C. flyrurun. <<Bor ceeep, Tyqu HafoHqq...>>, <<3rauHee yrpo)>; kI. C. HvtxuruH. <<Bcrpeqa 3lrMbr>>;H. 3. Cypuroe. <<3r84

ua>>,<<,Il,ercreo>>;
H. A. Herpacoe. <<Mopos-BoeBoAa>>;
C. ,II,.[pox<xuH. <<llporiAersu\aa xoJroAHaq...>>);
uacrllHKn c 3a[Hcbro [poH3BeAeur-rfin. V. t{arixoecxoro us rIHKJra<<Bpenaenaro4a>> (<<,II,eKa6pb>>,
<<funapl>>, <<Oenpanl>>);rourlpoeaHuar 6yuara, KpacKH, KHcrH AJrr
pHcoBaHl,rq.
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Hblo.

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KaJreHAapr.
2-n ttacmo noceuleHrze<<BbrcraBKH>>
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caMocroqrerbHaq uso6pasurerbHaq Aelrerbnocrb
3-n qacma Aererl na reML,r 3HMErno,q MysbrKy n. V. tlarixoecxoro.
B aauqrr.rr4uaz6oree orBercrBeHHa BTopaq qacrb, KorAa BocnuTareJrbnepexoAuTor yroqHeHHnnpe4craBJleuufi( nosHaBareJrbHbrx
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npo4eMoHcrpupoBaHbr <MapCaurruu rocJleAHHMH AoJrlKHbr 6url
roBcKr{e>> Kaprr.rHbr K. O. IOoHa u Vl. Vl. JlesHraua. Bocnarare,rl

r{vraer cruxorBopesuec. A. Apo>ruxuua:
flpoli4er 3HMa xo,,roAHas,
Hacrauyr AHH BeceHHHe,
Ten.noru pacronaT co,'rHburrKo,
Kax eocx, cHera ny[rucr6re.

Jlucraur u3yMpyAHbrMH
Jleca 3a3ereHenrcq,
H sN4ecre c rpaerofi 6apxarHori
Bsoli4yr qBerbr Ayuirrcrbre.

flpe4raraer AerrM uahru KapruHbr, Ha Koropbrx r.rso6pa>xeuouar{aJroBecHbr:apKoe MaproBcKoe co,'rHu,e,rony6oe ue6o, caepxarculufi
6e"rusuoir cser. Bnaecre c AerbMH .nrc6yerca nx xpacorofi, paAocrHbrM
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3uMHHe

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I-{e.ns. larl
AerrM rrpeAcraBJreHueo roM, 9To JtroAHabtuar Bo3AyxoM,BAbrxaror
ero !'rerKHMH,Koropble Haxoarrcq BHyrpH Tera, e rpy4noli KjrerKe. Bes nosqyxa ve,roBeK He Mo)Ker xuru, noru6aer. .[I,,rq)KH3H],reMy uyx<eH uucrufi, csexurl Bo3Ayx B
TaKoM Bo3lyxe rrpnrrrHo HaXollHTbcfl,,refKo abrrrrarL,,firparb, pa6orarr, cnars. floxa3arb orrlrqfie o6sr.{uoro KoMHarHoro Bo3/ryxa or cBexero B rrpoBcrpeHHoM noMeuleHUt4.
Bocnurare,rr HaqrlHaer pa3foBop, Kor)la cnaJlbHq rrpoBerpuBaercr a B Hee y>Ke
flocrynaer cge)Kari Bo3Ayx. Clpauraeaer y Aereri, Hy]KeH,'rH nM u ApyrHM rroArrM Bo34yx. flpe4,raraer noJro>KHTb,'raAoHbHa rpyAb H no,ryBcrBoBarb, KaK oHa noAHHMaerct
H onycKaercs n p o H c x o a h r A b r x a H H e :g n o x ( q c , r o s e x B 4 b r x a e r x o p o u . r r , i lBi o 3 A y x ) h
esr4ox (ve,roneK BblnycKaer ue ce6s n,roxoli eos4yx). Tax qerosex Abrull.tr Bcro xll3Hb,
Bo3gyx eMy Hy)KeHArl )Ku3Hu Kar(Aylo ceKyHry (Kar< soaa, nuqa). flpeanaraer AerqM
3aKpbrrb ,'raAoHbropor H Hoc, qro6u ue Abllrarb. t{epes uecroabKo ceKyHA BbrqcHrer
y pe6nr, qro oHr.r flor]yBcrBoBarx, rrro r.icnbrraJrt{.floqcHqer, qro qe,'roBeKyA,'rr xrl3-

85

Hil BcefAa Hy>KeHcBe>KHriBo3Ayx raxotl, KaK Ha yJltrqe, B noMeureHuqx, rAe-trlo-,
Au Aonfo HaxoAqrcq, cKa[,'rrrBaercr nnoxofi nos4yx, nogroMy HaAo npoBerpuears. Bocrrr.rrareJrbreAer Aereil B cna.rrbHro,npeAJrafaer noAbruarb, noqyBcrBoBarb Bo3Ayx, c[pauuBaer, LIeM oH orJlnqaercfl or Bo3Ayxa B rpynne. flpocur o6'ucuHtr,, noqeMy B
cnaJrhHe npox.na4urrri rj ceexnft Bo3,rryx,a B rpynne ren,rufi H He coBceM csexnri.
Koraa aeru nuriayr Ha nporyJlKy, neAafor npocar Hx iroAbruarb H cKa3arb, rae
cBexee Bo3ayx: B rpynne vrr.r Ha yJrr.rqe,B claJrbHe HJ'rHHa yJrH4e. Beuepou n pasroBope npeAlafaer AeTqM cKa3arb MaMaM,qTo Ha Hoqb Heo6xoAl..tMo
npoBeTpuBaTb KoMuary, vro6sr cnarb co cBexuM Bo3AyxoM.
Ha6.nrcAenre 6. <9erra naxuer nos4yx?>>
I-[e.no. V"rnrl 4erefi pas.nu.rarb 3anax]r, y3HaBarb 3arraxH 3HaKoMr,rx [peAMeroB,
HacJlaxAaTbcrrxoporxHM apoMaToM.
Bocnurare.nr [oAforaBJluBaer naxyqHe BeulecrBa H pacKJraAbtBaer HX B pa3Hbrx
(aa.lexo orcronu1Hx apyr or apyra) rtrecrax rpynnoBofo noMeuleHHrr: uapeeaxuurft .nyx;
arreJrbcaHoBbre
r{Jru Jrr.rMoHHbre
xopxu; a6.noxu; MapJItoHdrHBar(y c xauQopuuna cnupToM; BerKr.rcocHbt HJIl.teJ'lH,nocraBr'reHHbreB Ba3y c fopqqeti soaorl; orxpuryrc 6auKy c MacrqHoil xpacxorl u np. llpu gToM B crraJrbHeAoJ'rlKeH6srrs xopourttti apovar
(uanprarraep,arreJrbcr4Ha,
xBolr HJrr{a6;rox). Bocnutare.nr soAur Aerefi no 3THM MecraM,
npe4laraer r.ny6oxo Abruarb, vro6u novyncrBoBarb 3anax u orraAarb ero. CnparuHnaer y pe6rr, raxofi eanax HM HpaBr,rrcr. floc,re4uee Mecro, Koropoe noceqarcT AeTr.t,- 3To clraJrbHt. Bocnnrare,rr npeAJraraer y3Harb apoMar, floHacr'rax{AarbcnHM,
coo6ulaer, qro cllarb B npoBerpeHHofi cna.nuse c npfiflTHbtM 3anaxoM oco6euso noJre3Ho a,'rfl 3aopoBbq aerefi 6yAer xopournfi coH H or4Hx.
B ceo6oaHov pa3foBope co crapuaMH aonrKoJlbHHKaMHBocnr4TareJrbnotcHter,
qro A,rq 3AopoBbq .nrcAeIi oco6esHo BpeAeHAbrM, no3ToMy Ha4o ue6eratl noueulexNfi,
fAe ,uoAH xypnr. Oueus onacHbrM nBJlflerct AbtM or no)Kapa - JrroArr, Koropr,re He ycneru nrr6patscq H3 ropqu1ero noMeuleHr.rq,MoryT 3aAoxHyrbcr ot eAroro Auua.

PAEOTAC.qETbMhBMAPTE
BecessHIi nepHoA or{eHb ea)KHlrri B }KH3Hr4 rrpupoAbr: c Ka}KAbrM
AHeM yryqruarculHecfl ycJroBHr oKpyxarcqer? cpe4u cnoco6crByror rrpo6yx<4euran or 3HMHerl c[flqKu pacrenufi H )KHBorHbIX.
Becsori Ha KoHKperHbrx rrpuMepax BbrpauuBattfl,
IryKa, oBoureri Ha
o K H e , u B e r o u u o r i p a c c a 4 b r , B o B p e M s u a 6 . n r c A e H h f l3 a B e r K a M h B B a 3e, 3a O)KHBJIeHHeM rrpr4poAbr Ha yqacTKe AeTCKOTO caAa, Bo BpeMrl
yxoAa 3a KoMHaTHbrMr4pacTeHHqMH AeTH nOCTHfaTOTrr'raBHyr.o 3KoJIoft4qecKylo I{Ae}o: cocToflHHe )KHBofo opraHr.r3Ma, ero xr.r3HeHHbre[porleccbr 3aBHcflT or KoMn,'reKca BHe[rHHx yc,roeuri. Ec,rH ux HeAocraTOqHO,OpfaHH3M HaXOAT4TCfl
B COCTOflHHHrroKotr (cflqqKr.r); ec,'rr] r{MeeTcfl
Becb Heo6xoAuuuli
KoMfrJreKc ycloeufi,
To )KHBoe cyulecrBo aKTi/.'BpacTeT, xopotxo ce6n uyecrnyer, Aaer noToMcTBo. C Aourxo.nrHO HHKaMr,ryrorrHrercfl Mbrc,'rb, qro Altfl o6urare.nefi yfod'rKa flpupoAbt gra
ycJloBhs co3Aalor JrroAH (AerH H BocnHTareas), aeaan BoBpeMt Bce
r{To6br oHlr, >lr.LrJtLlH pocJlu.
seo6xoAlrlroe,
Becnofi HaAo MHofo ycnerb c(eJrarb, TaK KaK 9To 3aBepuaourne
Mecflrlbl yue6Horo ro4a: Bce acneKTbr 3Kor'rofuqecKoro BocnHTaHHfl
iloAxoAqr K rofuqecKoMy
KoHrJy. C Aoruxo.lrlHllKaMn Ha.u,o Aor{I-ITarb
KHHry <<SKoJrorus B Kaprr.rHKax>> lr o$opMHTb HJrJrrocrparlaH r ueti.
Heo6xoArtvto npoAoJr)Kum, n yrny6urb HX o3HaKoMJreHHe c KoMHarHbIMH pacreHuqMH, ocyulecrBHrb BbrpaulnBaHue osouref, Ha oKHe, paccal.F'r r{BeToqHbrx KyJrbTyp, BbrroHKy cpe3aHHbrx BeToK ApeBecHblx pacresurl. B aro )Ke BpeMfl HAer 3aBep[reHHe o3HaKoMJreHI{r Aereri c
86

o6urare,rqr\4nyroJrKa rrpupoAbr, rrpoAoJr>Kaercrpa6ora no reuau <<Bo<<Bo34yx>>
Aa n BoAoeM>>,<<,IIec>>,
B anpene KyJrbMnHar{HouuuliMoMeHr - nocBfluleHr.reAereri B
roHbre gKoJrorn B !,enl 3eu.nu: pe6ara ocMbrcJr[Baror cBou AeJIa H
nocTynKH rro oTHoureHr,iloK rrpnpoAe, KoTopbre oHH ocyulecTBrqrH B
yue6Horo roAa, npa3AHyrorcnofi ycnex.
TeqeHr.{e
B uapre npoAoJrlKaercq Ha6rroAeHae 3a eoAofi u ee lpeBpauleHLr'{Mr4: HaquHaeTcfl

TaflHHe

cHefoB,

TeKyT

pyqbH,

noflBJIflIoTcn

u Hc-

qe3aror cocyJrbKu.Bocnurarelb, opaeHTnpyrcb Ha crlryaqurc, [poBoAar na6.nrcAeHnfl:KaK pacryr cocy.nlxu? OrxyAa 6eperca KaneJrb l.r
KaK oHa seeuur? Orxy4a 6epyrca pyr{bu H KaK dHH rxypvar?
llpo4onxarorcq Ha6nroAeHufl 3a norryrarMH B Kd'rerKe,ecJrn oHr4
BbrBoAflTnreHuoB. Bocnurare.nl o6paulaer BHHMaHueAerefi Ha ro,
KaK CaMerl Hoct4TKopM B AOMHKCaMKe,KaK OHa peAKOCaMa noflBJrflercfl Bo3Jre KopMa. HoeHri sra[ Hacrynaer, KofAa [TeHrIbr BbrJIynrrcl: o6a po4areilfl ux KopMqr. B aror rrepr4oAnreHr-loB eu1e He
paCCKa3brBaeT
BXAHO,rrOsTOMyBOCrrHTaTeJrb
O TOM, r{TO |TpOI4CXOAHT
B rHe3Ae. Ha npornrxeHr.rr,r
Bcero BpeMeHHBbrBeAeHHfl
rrreHu,oBBocnrlTareJlb y.rnr 4erefi secrH ce6q Bo3JreKJrerKHTrlxo, cAep)KaHHo,cor{yBcTBoBaTbpoAHTeJrfMH MaJrblrxaM
B ruapre BocrruTareJrbBMecre c AerbMr4ycrpar4BaeroropoA Ha oKHe: B cneqr4aJlbHbrefltl,l..tKr,r
c o6br.{Hofi oropo4uori 3eMJrefi ca)Kar.or
KopHenJroAbr
14 oBorrlHbreceMeHa. I4s xopueeuul Mo)KHorrpopacrurb
rrlaBeJrb,KopHenJroAbrcBeKJrbrfl flerpyuIKl4 AaAyr cbeAo6ntre r'rucrr,fl,
qeCHOKa,TaK )Ke KaK H JIyK, BbInyCTqTHaCblIIIeHHbIeBHTaMI4AOJIL,KI,I
HaMH 3eJreHbrenepbfl. I4s celtsu Mox{Ho BbrpacrnTb yKpon, carar,
(xopvtau4p).Oco6oe 3HaqeHHeHMeoryper{HyrorpaBy (6oparo), K}.rH3y
er BbrpauIH
BasraeHe6o.nbruofoKoJrr{qecrBa
3K3eMtrJrRpoB
cKopocfleJrbrx
coproB ToMaroB, ofypqoB, 3e.rreHororoporxKa. Ceuena ofyp[a u fopoxa npeABapureJrbHo3aMaqaBaor so enaxnofi TKaHH.Ae,rarcr noAcBer ,raMrrofiAueeuoro cBera, TaK KaK B ,Mapre AeHb eule roporrufl,
a era KyJrbrypu rpe6yror MHofo cBera. flpr.r npaar.r,'rbHoM
yxoAe yx{e
B Haqare Jrera Mo)KHo[oryr.rr4Tbse6olluori ypo>r<ari.Ha arux xy.nrTypax Aera Moryr npocJ'reAurbpocr pacreHr,rfior ceueHu Ao ceMeHr,r,
IIOHflTb,KaKyrOpoJrb HrparcTyc,'roBHflB pa3HbrenepHoAbrHX pocTa H
pa3BHTrrfl.
nEPBA9 HElqEJ|9
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Ha6nnAenne ua nyron (5)

L { e n s . O 6 H a p y x r . r r b A a J l b H e f i u r u eu : n e u e u H R B p o c r e , r y K o B r . r q ,p a 3 H u u y B c o c r o rrHlrr.r3e,reHr.r,KoropaR Bbr3BaHalteoAHlaKoBbtMH ycJroBr.rrrMr.t.
O6o6lrurr, pe3y,lbrarbr
o r r b r r H o f of l p o p a u l H B a H r . r"r' r y K a :c a M a q x o p o u a n 3 e J r c ] { by r o f i , r y x o u r r l u r , K o r o p a f l H M e er Bce ycJroBna (eorry, ren,ro, ceer).
Aeru noA pyKoBoAcrBoM BocrruTare,rfl paccMarpnBarcT Kax,(Ayro6auxy, orueuarct
< < [ o x y A a u u e > > , ' r y K o B Hr .rrI a p y r u e u 3 M e H e H H r , 3 a p u c o R b r B a r o rn x . 3 a r e u
cpaBHnBaror
crpaHhUbr KaJreHAapn,fipoc,'re)Kr.rBaror
or HeAeJrr.i
K HeAeJre,KaK poc .nyr n pasHux 6aHpocra, Ae,ralor BbrBoAr,ro6 Hx sHaqcHrv, Nrtl
Kax, cBq3blBaq pe3yJtbrar c ycr'roBr.rrrMH
pacryulefo pacreHuq. 3ro sa6nrcAenue 3a JyKoM uoxet 6orru [ocJreAHHM, Ho, ec,'t!r
HcAenz.
Aerpr )<er'laror, ero Mo)KHo npoAJrrzrbeure Ha I -2

87

Bocnsrale.nu opraHn3yer BbrroHKycpe3aHHbrxBeroK apeBecHux pacreHufi. Bo epeMfl nporyJrKr,rcpe3aror HecKoJlbKoBeroK c cHpeHH ura a6,noHll, rpyilru, qepeMyxn. BnoctT Hx aJ'rq oTTaHBaHHqB npOXnaAHOenoMeuleHHe, 3aTeM noMex{atoT B cocyA c Ten.nori so4ofi (30-35'C)
Ha 8-10
vacor (reuneparypa Boabr noaAep)i<HBaercflHa oAHoM
yponue). Ilocne rennofi BaHHbl BerKr-tcraBrr B nasy c no4oil rorrasarsorl TeMneparyPbI

A TEMHOM

MECTE.

Ha6ln4enne

sa BerKanrn n nase ( I )

floxaeam, qro AJII cpe3aHHblx BeroK co3AarorcR 6.naronpaarHble ycJroBuq
[elr.
.
(ren;roe rroMeqeHue, ren.laa eo4a). Cser Ha nepBbrx lopax He HyxeH. 3ru ycroBrq
AoJlxHbt troBJluqrb Ha Hx cocrotHue. 3apuconarr 2-3
BerKr.rB Ba3e, TorlHo nepeAaeaq oco6eHHocru t.tx crooeHHfl.
Ha6;rrcaeur.re opraullsyerca B TpH orana: KJraA/T BerKH B [poxJ'raAHoe noMerrleHr,re
H orMeqaror, qro B HeM Te[JIee, qeM Ha yJruqe, no3ToMy BerKH AoJ]>xHbrorragtl. 3aTeM rroMeu{arcTHx B BaHHy r.ryToqHqloT, rtTo BoAa oqesb Tenraq oHa xopouo nporpeer BerKx cHapyxu r.t BHyrpH, ecJru cAeJlarb rax, ,rro6u oHa He ocrbrBana 8 ,{acos.
H saxogeq, craBqr Hx B HopMaJ'IbHbre
KoMHarHble ycJoBHq- Bocnurare.ns npeAJraraer
caMr.rMBr,rcKa3arbnpeA[oJroxeHHe: qro >xe 6y4er c BerKaMr,ruepes ne4ottixo.rrsuuxarra
ae"rro? He yroqHrq orneru 4erefi, oH npochr nx aapucoeari 2-3
serxH.

Ha erori >Ke HeAeJreHaquHaercr qnrn na6lrcAennfi eule sa oAt'rutr,Io6nrareJreM yfoJrKa npnpoAbr cyxoflyruori tepenaxoft'.
Ha6nrcaeHre l. <<Kaxaq saua qeoenaxa?>>
I-[e.nr. VrouunTb c AerbMl, oco6eltHocru BHe[lHero crpoeHus qepenaxu. 3ro >xuBOTHOeHe noxoxe Ha apyfHx: TeJra He BLtaHo, oHo CO BCeX CTOpOHnOKpblTOflaHqlpeM, Koropbrri cocrour r.r3 orAeJrbHbrxrrIHrKoB. Cuusy nauqlpr n.nocxuri, cBepxy Bbrnyxluli, oH oqeHL! reep4r,rft. xpenrlr?. Cnepeau H c3aau sMerorcrr orBepcraq, qepes
Koropbre BblxoArr Hapyxy l.tJl.t BTflfuBarorct noA naHr{Hpb 4 HofH, roJroBa H xsocr. !lepenaxa cnoxofiuoe >Kr.tBorHoe,ee Mo)KHo 6pars n pyKH, oHa rtxeJ'rar, fioroMy qro
B rIaHI{Hpe, xopolxo ecr, ee 3oByr... (Aaercl x.nuuxa). Oua npusnxna K AerqM, a Aetn x Hefi,

llo4apox

Korrrn.rexcnoe 3aHflTHe.
lro6nnouy qefloBeKy x 8 Mapra

lI p o rp a M M H o e c oAe pxa H r.re. flo6y44arl Aererl ocMbrc,ruBarb cBoe orHoueHue K oKpyx(arcxraM 6,rusxuu JIloAflM. Vquru
Bbrpa)KaTb 3TO OTHOllreHHe TOTOBHOCTbTO
CAeJraTb tIpHqTHOe
IOTOBITTb rroAapoK cBoflMr,r pyKaMH r-{ [perroAHecTx efo B npa3AHuquufr AeHb. llpo4omrarb
3HaKoMr.rrl Aerefi c trpor43BeAeHr.tflMH
r{ro xyAoHcKyccrBa, Ha Koropbrx l.rso6pa>reHa [p[poAa.
lloxasarl,
xecTBeHHbte rrpoH3BeAeHHq co3AaHbr pyKaMr,t qeJroBeKa Ha ocHoBe
BrleqarJreHHri or npupo4u,
paAocrHoro nepe)KHBaHHa ee Kpacorbr.
Vqurl
4erefi ocMbrcJ'ruBarb cBoH Brrer{arJreuraq or npupoAbl, coBepueHcrBoBarb
3crerl{r{ecKoe -BHAeHHe ee Kpacor. Vqurt
Bbrpa}Karb
cBoH B[eqarJreHafl raso6pasnreJlbHb,tMr4 cpeAcrBaMu, AoBoAHTb pa6ory
AO KOHUa.
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npoH3BeAeHHfl HcKyccrBa: )KnBorrrcb
(2-3
xapruHbr B KpacuBbrx paMax nefiga>xu, HarropMoprn), pe' llpe4no.naraercr, r.rro B yroJrKenpapoAbrnoAforoBt4TeJrbnorl
rpynnu, xpoue pu6
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88

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9l

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Pa6ora HaA [oAapKaMr4 npoAoJr)Kaercq B nocJrelyrcrrlue AHH: Ha
orKpbrrKax Boc[r4TareJrbnll[rer no]KeJraHuflAereri, Ha npeAMerax cJroBa Ha rraMflTb, Kaprr,rHblBcraBJrflrorcrrB paMKH nac[apry. B HsocTyI.uH ycrpaHBaeTcq BbtcraBKa, Koropyro AoJt)KHbrrrocMorperb caMH
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corpyAHr.rKuAercKofo ca4a (r npucyrcrBltu 4ererl), pe6sra us Apyfrrx rpynr.
Ha orrpurKax HeKoropstx 4ereri MolKHo Harrucarb uurepeculrri
paccKa3 pe6eHxa o qBJreHHr.r,
Koropoe ou zso6pasul. B arona cJrlqae
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6ece4yer c AerbMH o <<llauopaue 4o6pux AeJr>:rroxa3brBaloree See,
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B rraapre [poAoJr>Kar.orcflonbrrbr c Bo3lyxoM.
Ha6.rmAeune 7. <Ecrs J'rr.tB BoAe eosayx?>>
lJ,enl. VrovHurr npeAcraBJreran 4erefi o roM, rrro Bo3Ayx ecrb Be3Ae, qro B BoAe roxe ecrb Bo3Ayx, oco6enso efo MHoro n uacroli, cee)Keii soAe (roJsxo qro HaaHtori kg-noa xpana).
B o c n a r a r e n t f o r o B u r r a s t K 1 4 4 a e 6 a H x u , B o A H y H 3 H U X3 a p a H e e ( H a x a H y u e ) u a rr'rBaer Bo!y. Ha6nrcaeuue [poBoAr.trcr ga 60nnuuu o6u1uu cronon,l. ne4aror craeur
Ha cro,'r nycryrc 6aHxy, cnpauuBaer y pe6tr, vr:o e nefi. leru roBopsr, qro e 6aHxe
nycro. fle4aror onpoBepfaer: <<Eauxa He nycrar e Hefi eosayxr. lenaoHc.rpupyer
onblr: craBr.tr ra3uK c eoAori, 6auxy nepeBopar.rHBaerBBepx AHoM tr roqHo BepruKaJrbHo onycKaer ee B Tasr.tK.flpu norpy>xesun 6aswu (ecnu ro.nrxo He 6u,ro ee HaK!'roH a ) n o 4 a B T a 3 u K e [ o A H H M e r c q , 6 a s x a o c r a u e r c a n y c r o l i ( u r o o s H a v a e r : B o 3 A y x ,K o ropurt n ueti uaxo4arcR, He Moxer eHlirH r.r He nycKaer eo4y e 6aHxy). BocrruTare,rl,
yAepxxBaq cocyA B 3ToM rro,'ro)KeHHH,
npeAJlafaer AerrM nocMorperb u y6e4nrlcx, vro
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6auxy u qro eri ueruaer. .{e"raer.BblBoA: <<B 6auxe Bo3Ayx, eMy HeKyAa AeBarbcr oH He nycKaer oo4y>. flpo4oJlxafl yAeplKHBarh cocyA, Bocflr.rrareJrbnpocHT Bcex cecrt
Ha Mecro H cMorperbt qro cerlqac npousofi4er. flpu arou HaruloHqer 6aury e cropoHy, r,r3 Hee c uyMoM tsL,lxoAHT
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3 a p a H e en p H f o r o B J l e H H o f B
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quule Boaa, TeM Bo3nyxa e uerl 6onuuerr. flpen4araer
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Ha creHKax 6asxu co cse)Kerl eoAori. cnpauHBaer, qro 3Tt ny3brpr,Kl.to3Har{arcTr.r orKyaa oHH B3flr'lAcb.fIOCre er,lCxastreaHuli noqcHqer: <<
3ro ao:4yx, xoropuli
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BoAe, qacrb efo Br'rriAer Hapy)Ky>.

92

BTOPA' HEAEN'
Ha6.rrcA,enne
sa BerKarunn nase (2)
I-[e.ns. O6uapyx(r.rrb H3MeHeHHqB cocrorHur{ BeroK 3aMerHTb Ha6yxnae novKr,r;yroqH[Tb ycJIoBHt Hx xr.r3Hl.r,nocraBHTb Ha cBer, Ao6aBhrb nHTareJlbHbleBeillecrB a ; 3 a p l r c o B a T bB e T K H .
pe6en3a o6ururu croJroM Bocrrurarerb opraHn3yer paccMarpuBaHue BeroK, 1 -2
Ka AeJrarcTr.rx 3apHcoBKy, c ocraJrbHbrMr-r
BeAerca pa3roBop o6 ycnonr.rRx, B Koropbrx
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xoroputi oHa Mo)Ker Konarb; rpor c raM[oqxofi, e xoropoM oHa Mo)Ker rperlcn (uepenaxu renro.nro6nssre x<unoruue); pa3Hble KopMa u xopouee orHoueHne Aerefi oHrz Bbrpau,(r.iBanrArq Hee 3eJreHb,yfoqarcT $pyxranau. B arnx yc,'loBllqx qepenaxa xoporxo ce6n uyacrayer, He 6o,reer.
Ha6,rpAeHre 3, <Kax qepenaxa xo4ar?>>
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nooqepeAHo nepecTaB,rflq Horr.r u npHnoAHflB TyJroBHrrr,e.
Borcrpo 6erars osa ue lroxer. Efi TpyAHo HArr.rtlo rJraAKoMyno,ry, rerqe flo necKy, KoBpy, TpaBe. B HesHaKoM o M M e c r e o H a q a c r o o c r a H a B , r u B a e r c f ln
, p q q e r c f l B [ a H q r 4 p b .Y . r e p e n a x u c n o e o 6 p a s Hbre HofH: KoporKue, ToJrcrble, trltHpoKHe,noKpbrrbre n"rrorHori xoxeii, c KoporKHMH
TynbrMrzr.i Kpe[KHMrr KofrqMr-i. flepe4uue Horu BbrBepHyrblB cropoHb]. Thrue HorH He
npucnoco6"reuu x 6ucrpori xo4r6e u 6ery.
Bocrnrare,rs craBur qepenaxy Ha pa3Hyro noBepxHocrb H rrpeA"'rafaeraerflM cKa3arb, KaK oHa nepeABaraercr. O4uoepeMeHHo yroqHqer nplr3HaKu crpoeHl.tr Hot )KHBOTHOfO.

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)Kr,rBorHbrx, Koropbre Mofyr x{HTb Ha 3eMJre H Jrerarb B Bo3Ayxe. flrr,rI-tbtJleralor, noroMy trro y HHX: 1) urupoxue KpbrJrbfl tz x'socr; 2) "rre.rKL{e nepbfl c ro,'rbrM crep)KHeM; 3) n.norHue r-r }KecrKr4e MaxoBbre rrepu; 4) rrrr,rubr JrefKr4e, TaK KaK e.u,flTnoHeMHofy u qacro.
Marepvailu.
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1-n qacma. Bocnurare.nb craBHT Kaprr,rHKH,rrpocr4T4ereli Hasnats
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paccMaTpHBaloT KaJreHAapb, BcnoMr,rHaroT, KTo KopMr4Tcfl y HHX Ha yr{a-

93

crKe, KaKHx nrrlrl Mo)KHo yBHAerb B oKpyfe. BlrqcHqlor: Bce nrnqbr
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B
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nTHrIbr, OHrAIpHHOCIT paAOCTbJrrOAfMCeOefi
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2-n ,aacma. BocnzrareJrb yror{Hfer c AerbMu cBoricrBa Bo3Ayxa:
HeeH4uurni, Hegaueruuri, He Meruaer ABH)KeHr,rflM,
efo Mo)KHooulyrr,rrb npr{ 6lrcrplrx r.r pe3Kr.rxABHX{eHr4rxpyK, npu 6ere. Tsxenme
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rroBepxHocrrro(.nncr 6yvaru, rrrr4r{benepo).
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Mo)Ker B3Jrererb rar nruqa? !,era npo4eJrbrBalorABaxeHHfl pyKaMr.r,
noAnpbtrHBalor, Lrro6br B3Jrererb.
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JrHcroB 6yuaru, oAr,rHH3 Koropbrx Ha rJra3ax y Aereri KoMKaer a npeBpaulaer B tuapuK. flpocur ux o6uscvurF,, noqeMy 6ynaax<uurluaplrK
[aAaer KaMHeMBHH3,a rnaAxuri Jrr]cr nraHupyer, Jreraer, naAaer MeA,.reHHo.,ll,e.naerBbrBoA:,rrHcr d'lefKr,rfiv uapoxaft, onupaercfl o Bo3Ayx, rro3ToMy Mo)KeT HeMHofo JreTeTb.
3-n ,aacma. BocnurareJrb npeAraraer AerflM nolyMarb u o6rscHHTb, rrorreMy rrrr.rr{brMoryr Jrerarb rro Bo3Ayxy. llocne BbtcKa3brBaHr-rriAorxxorbHr4KaMAaror nraqbu nepbq AJrr paccMarpr4BaHnfl(r<ar*<MaxoBoe u nyxoroe). Bonpocu: r{eM nepbuxKu
AoMy fio ABa
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rflxeJroe? lloueuy oHo JrefKoe? lAe y [rHrlbr Ha reJre ecrb MaxoBbre
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caAr{Tcfl. loaopur, r{To c pacKpbrrbrMn KpbrJrbflMu H xBocroM Aa)Ke Mar.reHbKar nrurrKa craHoBl,rrcfl urupot<oti u 6onrruori, noaroMy oHa Mo)Ker onr,rparbcq o BosAyx. BsMaxaMz KpbrJrbeB oHa or Hefo orraJrKnBaercfl. Ha serure pacKpbrrbre KpbrJrbfl r,r xBocr Meualor nrnue,
frosToMy oHa r4x cKJraAbIBaeT, KpbrJrbfl npH>KvMaeT K TeJry.
yroqHfler, r{To eure AeJIaer rrrurry JrerKor?, KaK oHa
Bocnnrarerb
ecr: MHoro H.[H MaJIo, qacro HJIH peAKo. Bntecre AeJIaIor BbrBoA o
TOM, r{TO [OMOfaeT nrHUe d'IeraTb nO BO3AyXy,KaK OHa npUCnOCO6neHa K Ha3eMHO-BO3AyrxHo*ryO6pasy )KH3Hr.r.
Ha npory.nKe H B nocJrerynurr{e AHH BocnxrareJrb rrpoAoJr}Kaer
pa3roBop o nrxqax t,t noJrerax rro Bo3.rryxy. !,e.narcr 6yuaxuux
rory94

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eoa4yurHurriruap, caMoJrer, BeproJrer, lapauror r.r AeJrbranJran.flpocnr Aerer? sahru AoMa Kaprr4HKHc t{3o6pa)KeHueMarHX JrerareJrbHblx
aflnaparoB H rrpr4HecruB rpyrIrIy, qro6tr BceM BMecre Hx paccMorperl. Buecre H3foraBJrHBaror
r4fpyueqHlrri ilapaturor, K KoropoMynpuKperrJrflrorMaJreHbKueHrpyruKl{, Surypru, sanycKaror l.rx, ua6nn4anr
3a naAeHueu. Bo Bcex cryr{arrx noJler H MeAJ'reHHoe
naAeHr,reflpoucxoAfr 3a cr{er refKocru u 6ollruori noeepxHocrn, Koropafl oflHpaercn o Bo3Ayx.
B Aa.nruefiureM,rroKa3btBanKapruHru c uso6pa)KeHHeMcrpayca,
Kypr,rrlbr,nr.rHrBr.{Ha,
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noqeMy 3TH rrTr4u,brHe JreTaroTHJrr,rflJtoxo JreTa]oT,KaK, HanpHMep,
KypHua.
3aHqrne. CpanHeHne AoMa[Hnx r{ Ar,rK}rxxt{BorHbrx
flporpaMMHoe
c o A e p ) K a H r .et . V r o . { H l r r lc A e r b M r r4r p H 3 H a KLIAoMauHLtx)KHBoTHbIX:
)KHByr BMecre c qe,'IoBeKoM,
ue 6oRtcl eto,
HcrroJrb3yrorcrHM s xosqfrctge; rreroBeK 3a6oruTcfl o AoMaruHHX
x(HBorHbrx - co3Aaer HM Bce ueo6xoAautre ycroBr4q >KIt3Hr4.
floxasart,

r{To AoMauHI4e )KHBOTHIte OTJIHqaIOTCfl
OT AHKHX OHH He IIpHCnOco6leutr caMocrorrerbHo )KHTb B Jrecy: He Mofyr crpol4Tb ce6e ruesAo, Ao6uearb KopM, He Mofyr xopotuo 3au,(nrr4Tbce6q or BparoB.
yMcrBeHHbre yMeHHq Aereti: o6tacHtrl,
Vrpaxuarr
cpaBHHBarb,
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MarepHaJt.
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flprznaepHbrli xoA 3aHrrHfl
I -a "tacma. Bocnurarerb
nllocuT Ha3Barb AoMa[IHHx )KHBorHbtx.
BsrcragnRer KaprnHbt c uso6paxeHueM cBHHbH,yrorlr{Rer oco6eHHocru ee )Kr.r3Ht4.3arev raK >Ke 6eceAyer o KopoBe. le.naer o6o6uleHHe: flepeqr4cJrfleT[pr43HaKr.i, IIo KoTopbtM KopoBa H cBHHbfl OTHOCflTcfl K AOMaIUHI4M)KI,IBOTHbIM.
2-n qacma. BocnarareJrb [peAJrafaer BbrflcHr4TL,,qeM AHKr4e )KHBorHbre orJmqarcTcfl or AoMauHux. floxastrBaer Kaprr4Hy c lrso6pa)KeHHeM wa6asa H paccKa3brBaer, KaK oH )Kr{Ber B ,'lecy rpyuufi
ro4.
3areu npeAJ.raraer AerrrM cKa3arb, uro 6y4er co ceuHteri, ecr'rr,roHa
oKar{ercq B Jrecy: cMo>Ker Jl4 ota sllxurl?
O6o6uraer orBerbr AeTeu: cBr.rHbf B Jlecy.)Kr.lTb He cMox{eT, noToMy qTo ol{a ro.ncran (ue
MolKer 6ucrpo 6erarl),
noroMy qro oHa ceerroti oKpacKr.l (ee xoporrro Br4AHoB ,rrecy ri reroM, r{ sHMofr Ha Hee JrefKo Mofyr Ha[acrF,
eo.uxu), oua noru6ner or xoJroAa r,r rodloAa, TaK KaK He cMo)Ker caua rpyr.nlli
roA Ao6lrearb KopM H nocrpourl
y6e>xuu1e, oHa rpu95

BbrKJra x sa6ore qeJroBeKa o sefi. CeHHtg /I,oMarxHee x{HBorHoe.
a He .[HKOe.
Aua.noruqHo (no ycruorpeHuro Bocrrr.trare.na) Mo)Ker 6lrrl npoaeAeHO CpaBHeHVe /rOCs t4 KOpoBbt.
3-n ,aacma. BocnnrareJrb AedlHT Aeretl ua ABe KoMaHAbr, npoBo4HT Hfpy-copeBHoBaHl,re <<Kro 6o,rsrue Aacr [paBuJrbHb]x orBeroB>>.
Ha4o onpe4eJrrrrb, KaKoe 3afaAaHo )KHBorHoe AoMauHee HnH AlaKoe, rI AoKa3arb oreer. Bocnurarelb
crrpallIltBaer 4ereri crpofo no
oqepeAr.r r.i3 o6eax KoMaHA; 3a rrpaBuJrbHbre orBerbr Aar.orcfl
$arura;
BbrufpbrBaer KoMaHAa, ua6paeuan ux 6ollutee
KoJIHqecrBo.
Bocnararell
o4uori KoMaHAe 3afaAbrBaer 3afaAKv:
l4e >xueer oH? B caruori vau1e,
Canofi -cauofi sacronuefi .
Thu ry.nner, TaM rj cnur.
Tari.r4ereli cBoux pacrr4r.
Jfto6ur rpyruu, .nro6ur ue4,
C.na4xoexxoto cJrbrBer.
TCM
KI,IM

Ho scero cuJlbHee oH
Jlm6rar 4onrari xpenrlfi cou:
Jlgxer ocegln, a BcraHer,
JIuruE, xor4a BecHa HacraHer
Kro ero?
(Medaeda.)

flocne orBera Aocraer MfitlKy, caxaer ero, npocuT cryuarl.
[peAnafaer AerflM o6ucuurl,
flor{eMy MeABeAb OTHOCHTCfl

3aK nr{-

X{I,IBOTHbIM.

Bropofi KoMaHAe3araAbrBaer 3araAKy:
B noAnonse, B KaMopKe,
Xaaer oHa B HopKe.
CepaR ua.lsruxa.Kro >xe aro?

(Mwwrca.)

Bocnurarenb BHocHr r4rpyrxKy, roBopur, qro aro rpyAHafl 3aAaqa onpeAeJIHTb:Mb[Ilb KaKoe ]KHBOTHOeAOMarUHeeHJ[i aH_
xoe? HanpaBJrrer paccyx4eHr.ta4erefi, Ba1aBatrBo[pocbr: fAe oHa x(Hser? Bourcfl .irH qeJroBena?llpraHocur Jrr.teMy noJrb3y? 3a6ornrcq rlr
r{eroBeK o nefi? Asraroi BhrBoA:Aorr46saqMbrrub (aro ee uaseaHrae)
coBCeMHe AOMaUIHee
XfiBOTHOe,a AHKOe,KOTOpOe
XOpOIUO
npUCnO_
co6unocl x(Irrb Bo3JIe r{e.loBeKa B ero noMe.
Cqurarcr oqKH, [puBercrByror no6eAure.neri.
llpono4nrcfl
nocJreAHuena6rrcAeHur 3a Bo3ryxoM.
.
Ha6,nroAesue 8. <Bosayx uyxen pu6au B aKBapflyMe>>.
Ue,'rl. floxasarl aerrrM, rrro pu6u, xax u JrroAr.r,
xorop;rri HueAbluar Bo3Ayxorr,r,
ercs B BoAe. llpu 4uxauut y pu6 4eararorcr xa6epuue KpbrrxKr,rna ro.none. pu6alr
aJrr xopouefo caMoqyBcrBun HyxHa rtlicrafl cBexat Boaa, B rotopoir coAepxuTcr MHo_
ro Bo3Ayxa. Eoru uos4yxa B BoAe Maro, pst6u sa4uxarcTcq: oHIl noAnJrbrBaror K noBepxHocrH H xBararcT 8o3AyX proM HaA soAorl, ax xa6epuue KpbtrxKr-toqeHb rracro orKpbrBarorcrrr{ 3aKpblBarorcq. PH6ar{ B aKBapr.ryMeua4o covyetrnoears, sa6orarlcq o
HHX, MeHtTb qacTb BoAbr oTJ'tHBaTbcTapyrc H ao.[HBaTb cBexyro no4y xolr'rHaruoti
reMneparypbt.
Bosre axnaptyMa Bocn[rareJlb npocrrr Aerefi nonoxurb pyKy Ha rpyab l.r flortyBcrBoBarb, KaK aBr.ixercr Hx fpyAHas KJrerKa, KaK oHE Ar,rlllar. 3arena npe4Jaraer nona6lro4arr sa pu6xavru, nocMorperb Ha ux foJroBbl Ha HHx c ,rlByx cropoH HMercTct xa6epHbte Kpb[xKIl, oHH Bce BpeMr orKpblBarorct H 3aKpHBarorcfl -'rax
pr,r6ru
AbIIrIar. Iloc.ne Ha6.nroAegltt BocnuTareJlb cnpaultBaer, r{eM Auruar pu6xll. Vro.{Hqer:
<Prr6xa Abluar He goAoil, a Bo3.(yxoM, xoropsrri a Heri Hrvreercs. Ptr6xll >Kr.tBbte6es nosAyxa He Moryr)>. Ile4aror cnpaur{Baer, ror4a pu6rarrl rq)Kero 4uruart. Vrouuaer: <<l(o146BoAa B aKBapHyMe crapafl, e Heri traJo Bo3.qyxa rlM oqeHb rrxer'ro
96

qacro Abluar'
Abruarb, oHH noanJlbtBaxllr K noBepxHocrl't, xBaralor Bo3Ayx HaA-BoAoti,
aKBapHo6nrarenqx
o6
nOga6OrUtscq
KaK
MO>XHO
y
Aerefi,
Bocnurare.nl cnpauHBaeT
yua. Iloaculer: HaAo HHorAa 3aMeHflTbqacrb soAH. C noMoxlblo 4erefi ne4aror npoa3BoALIr aTy flpoqeAypy. flpocnr ilx Lr B 4a,rsHeiruev sa6'nrcAars aa pu6xaun u coo6uars, ecnu plt6xa 6ygyr sa4uxarlcn.
Ha6.nrcaeHne 9. <tIro raKoe KoMnpeccop/>>
pacL{e.ns. VrouuHrb rrpeAcTaBreHHqaerefi o roM, LIrO pbl6Kl{ AbIUaT BO3AyXOM,
narHexoropufl
npu6oporta,
KoM[peccopoM
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c
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BoAe,
B
TBopeHHbrM
Taer Bo3Ayx B aKBapHyM, o6orauaer Bo,lly BoslyxoM n o6ner'laet plt6xau ablxaHl{e'
Boa,re axeapuyMa'BocnHTareJrbcrrpauaBaeT y pe6nr, KaK AbluaT pu6xr.r. Kar rraoxHo 3aMerl.rrb, LIT0 oHLI saaHxarorcq? (ax nyx<uo o Hlix sa6orltrncq? floroNa coo6u{afloxasster, qro cyqecrByer cnequa,rluuli npu6op ,ll+[t HarHeraHHtl Bo3Ayxa B BoAy'
er6 B aKBapuyMe,BKJIIOqaeT.
Aeru ga6,rrcAaIOr
BaeT KoMnpecc6p, a 3aTeMyCTaHaBJ'lHBaeT
sa ero pa6oroli H sa noeeAeuuetu pnt6.

TPETbt HE.qEng
Ha6.ilnAexue 3a BerKarvru o nase (3)
noqKH uBeH3MeHeHr.rfl B COCTOqHHU eerOr (pacxpuBalorI,Hecq
oruerrjTb
L\eat.
KpacoTy
no4u. orueruTb
noAc.naqessoii
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ron, .nucrler),
3apHcoBKy B KareHAape' (Ha6lnIrBeroB. CAelarl
u,l4 t ipo"ar
6yxera: npuniHirri
AeHlre npoBoal.ITct aHaJIOfHqHO npeAbl,llyqeMy.,

Ex<eAHesHHe Ha6nnAeHvr, 3a rloroAoli, rlpHpoAHblMl'l flBJIeHI'IflMI4
yqacrKe
Ha
AercKofo caAa, pa6ora c KareHAapeM.

[uxn na6nnAenufi 3a qepenaxofi
(npo0onmeuue)
Ha6.nrc.u.eane4. <.[lo.nro Jll'I )KBBer uepenaxa?>>
IJ,e.nr. Hayurlrs Aereii onpeAeJrtrb Bo3pacr qepenaxu no py6uau Ha.u{HTKaxrlanero npapocr oAHoro roAa Yepenaxa )Kdqupn (roquuuue xo.nlqa). Ka44srl? Py6eq "ai Aon.o, ec,ru efi co3AaHbrxoporuue ycJroBr,rr.O Hefi moxso aa6orutncq eu1e Jlyriue: npoTuparb naHIIHpb oT IrbIJIl.l, cMa3bIBaTb cyxylo Koxy lxeu H Hor MacJqHblM
TaMnoHoM, BblHocHTb B TenJIyIOConHeqHylo nofo,Ily Ha yrHlry'
Bocnl..rrare.nl noKa3blBaeT,KaK MOXHo nporHpaTb naHqHpb efiax<Holi rpanxoii. 06pauaeT BHaMaHHe, r{To Ha qHcTOM 6.necrqxlervr naHlll{pe xopolxo BI4AHblOTAeJlbHbIe
utnrr*" , py6usr ua HHx, KoTopbre h cJreAyeTcocqHTaTb, uto6u onpe4eJlnrb Bo3pacT
KaK MOXHO CMa3aTbKoxy qepenaxu, qro6st oHa Jlyqlxe cexrsorHoao.- floxa:ueaet,
6l qyncrnOea.nan AoIrO x<a.na.CooeryeTct C AeTbMIa:Mo>KHO.nu ee CefiqaCBbIHOCI'ITb
qepenaHa y,ruqy? Buecre peualor' t{To el{e oqeHb xoroAHo, uer se'nenofr TpaBH' a
xa nro6rtr renlo. Fia y.nxqe efi 6yAer xo.no4no H nJtoxo. CleAyer fioAox<Aarb oqeHb
Teil,'rbrx AHefi.

3aHqrxe' CpaaneHne KpoJlt'lKoBrr safiqen
lIporpaMMHoe

H eq c o A e p ) K a H H e . V r o ' { H l a r ln p e A c r a B J I e H A

TeIl o )KI43HH SatiUes B JIeCy, KpOJII4KOBKaK AOMaUJHHX)KI4B6THbIX.
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Vroquurl
p l , r a J I . K a p r u u u c u s o 6 p a > x e H n e Ms a H u e B H A o M a U H H X K p o Mare
r.no6yc; Kaprr4HKr4 C nso6pax<eHHeM AxKOfo KpOcaNloAeJrbHbrrl
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97

f l p r . r u e p H b r r i x o 4 3 a H f lr H f l
Bocntrare.nb noKa3blBaer HfpyueqHoro safi.{Ltxa,coo6qaer, qro
oH npHueJr Ha 3aHflTHe, vro6tt y3Harb o )Kr.t3Hr,r
cBor,rx poAcrBeHHr,r-cero4ua
KoB: .cpeAu HfpyueK 6u,r pasroeop o roM, uro pe6nra
6y4yr 6ece4onarl o eafiuax r4 KaKHX-ro KpoJrHKax.(<Kro raxue sairqn,
q 3Haro, a o KpoJtHKaxAa)Ke He c,lbrruaJr>>,- foBopar rarpyurxa.)
Bocnutarenb craBHT Kaprr,rHbl,Ha Koropbrx r.rso^6paxeHsaaq-6eJtrK, v npeAJrafaer AerrM Bce paccKa3arb o HeM ufpyuevuony sari_
vuxy. Han_paBJrqerxoA HX paccKa3a BonpocaMr4: rAe )Kr.tByr sariuH6erqxu? t{elr nurarorca suuori, nerou? Ecrl lu v Hr,rxs}ar^ ^ xax
oHr4 or HHX cnacarcrcs? B 3aKJrloqeHHe
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(yrovueuae eeAercr .no [pH3HaKaM, Koropbte 6lr.irr.ro6osFraqeHbrHa rrpeAbrAyuleM3a_
unraa ).
3areu BbrcraBrqrorcrrKapr'Hbr, Ha Koropbrx Hapr,rcoBaHbl
KIroJrr{xu. fieru paccKa3brBaror,KaK oHH )KHByr, 3aqeM HX pa3BoAflT,H coo6u1arcr r.rrpyuKe, qro oro coBceM Apyroe )KHBorHoe- AoMarxHee,
Ho r4MerouleecxoAcrBo c saftqeN{.!,ouauruae KpoJrr-{KH
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xoe..!,ouauHue KpoJrHKr4
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3ariua-6errKa.
Bocnurarell 6eper B-pyKH HrpylxKy rz coo6ulaer, qro oH paccKaxer ceri.{ac eule o6 oAHoM }r{l.rBorHoM,Koropoe ro>Ke Ha3brBaercfl
KpoJrHKoM.Bce noc.nyruaro.tt4 3areM peuar, xarori x{e 9To KpoJrr,rK:
Aouautr.tuuriulu Lut<uh.
<B pasulrx crpaHax Ha saruefi rrJraHere )KLtByr KpoJrHKr.{:e Cee e p u o r lA u e p u x e , a o O p a u q u u , V I c n a s u u , V l r a a u u , u a V x p a v n e ( n o Ka3blBaerua r.no6yce). B Poco.lz raKHX KpoJlt4KoB
Her. 3ru seeptxa
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r{erbrpexJra[ax. 3aAHHeHaMHofoAJrr{HHee
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B crerflx oro rarue 6ontruue [pocrpaHcrBa 3eMJIH,fAe pacrer
oAHa rpaBa, a Jreca uer. B Cenepuori Auepuxe raKue crefir{ Ha3brBarcrcfl npepuflMH.
Kponaxu )KHByr B 3eMJre.OHH porcr ArHHHbrepa3BerBreHHbreHopbr H AHeM r.r3 HHX He rroKa3brBarorcfl.BtrxoAsr KopMHTbcflToJtbKo
Hor{bro.floeAam caMbte pa3rur{Hbre crenrrbte rpaBbl. V gux MrJofo
BpafoB r'rucbt, BoJtKr.l,xuurHbre nrur(br, n Ceeepuofi Anaepuxe roftoru ( no.nxH).
3ru rpoluxu He froxo)Kt4Ha HauJ.Hxsariqen eule u reM, t{ro poAflr MHoro Kporbqar. Canrxa-xpolbr{HxaMo}Ker poAurb cpasy l0-12
Mar'IeH[,KI,tX, COBCeM rO.[eHbKI,tx,

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HecKoJrbKoAHefr safiqara caMr,rHaqllHaror ecrb rpaBy.
Ha crenuurx KpoJr.rKoBJrroAHH3AaBHanpr.rBbrKJrr4
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98

O KAKOM HOBOM I'IHTCPCCHOM }KI,IBOTHOM BbI Y3HAJIII. I'I

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AourronlnuKr,r BbrcKa3brBarorcq,BocnHTareJIb rro rori xe cxeMe
yToqHqeT r.rx oTBeTbrI,t rroABoAHTK BbrBoAy,r{To cTeilHbte KpoJrr,rKH
3TO AIIKHe )KHBOTHbre.

B re.{eur4e Bcero 3aHarufl Bocrrr.rrareJrbHe 3a6brBaer nonK,rrrcqarb
K Al4aJfofyHrpyuerrHoro sahqut<a,AoBepflq eMy BbrcKa3brBarbHecJro)KHbre cy)KAeHr4q.
qETBEPTA9 HE1qEJ|9
Ha6;rro4enue sa BerKarvrnn nase (4)
l{e.rs. O6HapyxHTb r.r3MeHeHHrB cocronHr4u BeroK, noqB,'reHr.:re
rIBeroB, r'l.rcrr,eB, KopeuKoB. flo,rrurt BoAy c nurareJrbHbtMr4Beu{ecrBaMr.r.Hac,rax(Aarlcq xpacorori
pacnycruBlxuxcq rIBeroB, fix apoMaroM. 3apucoears BerKu Ha crpaHr.rue KaJreHAapr,
uao6pasurs <<no,rrocKy
BpeMeHrl)>.CpanHtrs crpaHuqbl Ka,'reHAapflr.ro6cy4urt: KaK pacnycKar'racbBerKH; KaKue yc.floBnr uv 6snu co3AaHhrBHaqaJle,noroM; cKo"'rbKoBpeMeHU eto anu,rocr?

{nxn

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( npodo,,ttrceuue)

Ha6,rnAenne 5. <Kax MacKHpyercq uepenaxa?
I-{e.r r. Vrouur4Tb c AeTbMr,roKpacKy u Soprray Tera qepeflaxu. floxasarl, qTo oHH
Ae.[aror ee Hesar4erHoli ua 6ypo-xenrolr (necuauo-necrponr) Soue, cpe4rz xauueri, oco6euuo xoraa oHa He[oABHxHa. Oxpacxa rz Qoplra reJ'ra MacKxpoBor]Hbre.
Bocnnrarenn npeA[araer AernM ua6nroAarb 3a qepenaxoh uzaanu, craBq ee Ha
pasuuri qneroeofi $on (ua 6e,ryrc, xpacnyrc 6ylrary), cpeara 6ypo-se,reHorl necrporu
u xauueii. (flpa ren,rori noroAe sa6nnAeHr4e Mor<Ho npoBecrn ua y.nuqe.)
Ha6.rrcaexne 6, <Kax qepenaxa ronaer rpyur?>>
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t { r o 6 s t r r o x a : a r b a e r f l M H y x H b r ea e l i c r e r . i qa x r a s H o l i n r o , r o a H o r iq e p e n a x H .c c r ' r r o 6unaurii xoptvl HaAo 3aKorrarb B ToJruIy rpyHTa, Ho rax, .lro6H ero 6ttno sn4uo.

3aHcr[e. KorAa )r(rdBorHbrxB npnpoAe
cTaHoBI,tTCq
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llporpaM MHoe coAep)KaHHe. Vroquurl npeAcraBrerrH
A fel reri o rou, KaK ror.ryqarorcfl B npr,rpoAerruuleBbre cBrr3rdpacreuui.t u
xuBorHbrx (qenouxn nurauua). florasarl, qro r43MeHeHue
oAHofo 3BeHa BeAer K H3MeHeHrlro
sceri qeflor{Ku. Hapyureuue paBHoBecur B llerroqKe qaure Bcefo npolcxoAr,rr or pe3Koro u3MeHeHaqnoroAlr. I4HofAa JrroAr4HerrpaBnJrbHo4eficrayrcr H Hapyuaror qe[or{Kr4 B flpupoAe.
M a r e p H a i l . O r a u e l e r p a $ r z x o n r y p u r r e u s o 6 p a ) K e H r 4Jf rl e c H b r x
qenoqeK nHTaHvn;paccKa3br<Bspue 6es urynaa>>,
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99

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3ry rpoue_
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Bocnzrarenb foBopr.rr, r{To Bce 3BeHbfl B IIe[oqKe poBHbIe oro
3Har{HT' tITo BceM B Jlecy xBaraer nI4TaHHfl, HHKTO He ocraercfl
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<<Ho tax 6lreaer He BcefAa. I,IHorAa orAeJlbHbre
3BeHbfl MeHrlorcfl: craHoBflTcq Or{eHb 60llrunpru HJIH OqeHb MaJreHbKr4MI,r.
paeuoeecl.re HapyuaeTcq: Aflfl KOfO-TO eAbI OqeHb MHOTO, a
Kofo_To
Nw,
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celiqac pas6epeuca, [oqeMy raK rroJty_
r{aeTcf >>.

2-n ,aacma. r{reur,re paccKa3a <<Bsplte 6ea ruynaa>>.
B o c n u r a r e . n b q u T a e r p a c c K a 3 . llo xo4y rroKa3brBaerua r.no6yce,
fAe HaxolHrca ryHApa.
flocne qreH'q Bocllr,rrareJrb3aAaer Borrpocbr: fAe )KHByr JreMMr,rHnH? Ha Koro oHH noxoxn? gelr ouz nlmarorcq? lto""rv Hx HHoftra
craHoBHTCO
f l q e H bn a H o r o ?E c , r n u x M H o f o , n o q e M y o H r , rx y A a - r o 6 e ryr? I(ax BoccraHaBJraBaercfl
paBHoBecuee npupo4e?
3-n ,aucma. BocnurareJrb r{r4Taercrre4ynoulrripaccKa3 <<gro
A e . f i a r bc x p o . n H r a p r u>?.
[ I o x o 4 y q r e H H r rn o K a 3 b r B a eur a r . n o 6 y c eA e c r p a a n r o .( 3 a r ? u n r s<a IlHTepecoBa,lcacrpanoti, TaK KaK peqb urTa o Kpo/rHKax,Koropbre eMy
sHaroulr.) lloc.re r{TeHr4q
yror{Hfler noHr{MaHr.re
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) K H B o r ec y r 4 K a ) x r , r n y r e A a c r p a " r u u ? ) { . . n n u J r H r a M
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100

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K AoITIKoJIbHHKaMc BonpocoM:
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3ariqee, Ha[pLIMep. A sau Bcex )KaJIKo!>>flpe4"naraer rlocJlylxarb paccKa3 <<O,qeHHu xaurHuKtl>>.9utaer ero' no xo.uy floKa3blBaer Ha rJIo-

6yce Arureprxy.
2-n qacmb. Paccuarpuearcr KapruHbI, I't3o6pax(arcurl4eBoJIKa'
yrorrHflror oco6eHHocru ero )KLI3HHB ,'recy. 3areu ua $laue.nerpa$e nucrpauBaror HoByro qenoqKy HapyueHHofo paBHoBecur, o6cyx(/talor ee.
tro pacB nocregyrcilrue AHLIAeJlalor HoBylo KHI4)KKy-caMoA,eJIKy
r,r xHTITHHKI4>>.
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PASOTA C,qETbMh B AnPEtlE
nEPBAt HE.4EJ|9
(1)
Ha6rrcAenne3a Marb-r'l'rvrauexofi
I-[e.ns. Halira Ha yl]acrKe AercKolo caAa Mecra, fae noqBHJlcfl nepBouBer MarbMecra Ha
6onee cyxge H TenJtble H-Maqexa. Onpe4enurt, r{To 3To corHeqHble fa3oHax..l-leeiu Marb-I4-Maqexu xeJlrble, Ha KoporKhx cre6elrxax, 6es rlzcrlee. Boxpyr >xe.rroii cepeAnHKHB HecKoJtbKopsAoB pacryr pecHuqKH,{etlecrKoB, xaxAstft qeeoqeHb palyer nro4eii paHueil eecHoii.
ToK KaK Ma,rreHbKoecoJrHburlKo-

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roponnofi

Ha6nroAenne l. <Kar<aq 6o>xsr xoponxa H rAe ee Mo)KHo safiru?>>
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Kpyr,lar BbrnyKraq ctttzuxa Rprofi oKpacKLI (xpacual,
Ha co''lHeqHblx Mecrax
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ee ,'IerKo 3aMert'trb. Xyuox
u.lru 6e.irurnau roqKaMrz noc,te 3HMHeti cnflqKt.

<<3e.reHaq cJlyx(6a> Afr6olrara
3auqrfle.
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cocroflHHe, BbrflBrqrb HeAocraloulue ycJIOBHtt H Cnocoobl yxoAa, KoTopbre Moryr HX BocnoJIHHrt. Vro.iuaTb [peAcraBreHHq o roM, r{To
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TeHeBblHocJII.'lBble;pacTeHHfl c ToHKHMI'I MflfKHMI4 d'lHCTbflMH
Hafl nrc6qr MHofo BrarH, pacreHxfl c roJlcrblMH Jll4crbrMfl H cre6rflMH 3anacaror ee u Mofyr Ao,'lfo o6xoAl4Tbctt 6es eoAll. Cla6ue,
AaBHo He
nouee, I4x HaAo neu,Beryx1ile pacreHufl Hyx(Aaorcfl B IluTarerbuoti
pecaALIrb.
pvail.
KyKra Ah6onur, 6onlruaq fpy3oBar
tr4rpyurrra Mare
Ma[r]rHa c 3eJreHbIMHKpecraMl,l, qeMoAaHrlI.lKAOKTOpa, B KOTOpOMrla101

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3brpbKu c yAo6peHvflMr.t,Hox(HHr1u,r<opo6xa c roJrqeHutu yrneu. Ha
MarxHHeMeuoK c xopoueli seMnerl.
f l p a u e p H b r r i x o A 3 a H f lr r . r f l
Bocnsrarent co6upaer Aereri, coo6ulaer HM, qro s Aercxurl caA
npuexaJrHa MaruHHeAoKTopAri6onur us <<3eleuori cny>x6n>>:oH xoAr,rTI]o fpynnaM H rrpoBepfleTcocToqHr.re3eJreHbrx[aqueHToB - KoM_
Harubrx pacreuufi. Cuorpur, KaK oHH ce6r vyecrByrcT: Kro 3AopoB,
xro 6oreH, BbrrcHqer, KaK AerH yxalKuBaror 3a pacreHagl,rtt. <<V6epeM HrpylxKu H noAoxAeM ero, oH cetiqac noqBurcfl>>.
Paa4aerca cryK B ABepb, BT,e3)KaerMa[rr4Ha c Ari6o.nurou. BoclHTaTeJrbrIpHBeTJraBo
BcTpeqaeTefo, npeAJrafaeTAeTfM cecTb Ha cTyJrba, pa3brtpbtBaer AHaJrorc Afi6o.nurou, roroplni cHaqaJlayroqHfler,
ecTb JrH B fpyn[e pacTeHHfl,r{To AeTHAeJraroTc Hr,rMr,r,
3HaroTJtH oHH,
qro pacreHaqra Heo6xoAHMoAltq x(H3HH,r{To pa3HbrMpacreHuflM Hyx{HO pa3H0e

KOIIqeCTBO

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Ali6onur paccKa3brBaer:<<Anpelb 9ro pa3rap BecHbr.PacreHr,trrr{yBcrByror, r{To yBerr,tquBaercq AeHb craJro 6onture cBera.
B Hrax npo6yxaarorcq HoBbte cu,.rbl oHH Har{HHarorpacrr4, a HeKoropbre 4am 6yroH
3ar-r.Beraror.B aro BpeMfl eceM xol,rHarHbtM pacreHaqr4 Heo6xoAuMbtxoporrrIae ycJroBufl: 3a 3HMy oHH Hcroulr.rJrlrcbHylKHa rroAKopMKavilu HoBafl 3eMJrfl, e roropori MHoro
II-ITATCJIbHbIX BCIUECTB >>.

3areu Bce BMecre ocMarpaBaror pacreHr4flB Tex Mecrax, rAe oHH
o6u.{Ho crorr. Bca npoqe4ypa npor-r3BoAr4Tcrr
rro oqepeAv c Kax{AbrM
pacreHneM. Ari6onur ocMarpr.rBaerefo co Bcex cropoH, orleHuBaer
o6u1ee cocroflHae, o6Hapyxueaer <<HeAocrarKu3AopoBbfl>>,craBr.rr
AaarHo3 H Ha3Har{aerJreqeHae,ecru TaKoe rpe6yerca. Ocvarpaeaa
pacreHzr, Afi6o.nr.rr[ocroflHHo o6paulaercn K AerqM ("Kax Hasuea,.Kax Bbt AyMaere, oHo xoporuo ce6q qyBcrByercf 3To pacreHr,re?>>,
e r H J I HH e s a l K H o ? >r a 1 . A . ) , a r a K x e n p o H 3 H o c H TB c J r y xB c e c B o t r
4eticraua H oIIeHKH(..flocuorprlM c Apyrofi cropoHm>, i,Ilocuorpuvr
<<!,a,ouo ce6a uyacrnyer HeBaxHo - BbtrrrHylocl, 6,re4Ha KopHr.r>>,
HOe, JII,ICTOqKH
peAKUe,CBeTaeMy He xBaTaeT,HaAOCTaBHTbHa COJIH e q H o eM e c r o > \u r . A . ) .
I(axaorray pacreHuro BbrrrucbrBaercrrpeqenr, B KoropoM yKa3brBaercfl To, qro HaAo cAeJrarb, .{ro6tt rroMor{b euyt. Pexonaeu4aquuAfi6onura AoJrx(Hbr6lrrt no4roroBJleHbr3apaHee. Ouu uorvr Hocl4TbrrpuMepHo c.ne4yroulurixapaKrep:
<<llocuorpuM Ha 3ro pacreHue. Kar oso Ha3brBaercfl?(O6pauresue Ari6o.nura K AerqM.) {a, 6a.illsaMuH,eule ofoHbKoMero rrpo3BaJrr.r,a HeKoropbre JrroAH3oByr BaHtxori MoKpbrM. Kar ou ce6n vyncrnyer? Heea)Kr{o: cre6fl[ BbITtHyJrr4cb,JIHcrbeB MaJIo - [oqrl,r Bce
' I{e.necoo6paeHo, vro6u 3aHrrr{e npoBoAnnocb
AByMfl B3pocJrbruu:Ati6oaura npn.
qeroBeK, roropuri xopotxo 3Haer pacreHut.
BoAxr MeroAucr, sKonof, 3aBeAyroulaff On ronopur or HMeHr,rKyKJrbr,AeJraer ocMorp, a Boc[HTareJrb rpynnbl 3anHcbrBaer ero
peKoMeHAaqrrlrB peqeflTe, 3aAaeT Bonpocbr, yToqHqeT.

102

olraJr4, qBeroB coBceM Her. KoHe'{Ho, ero HaAo r'Ier{HTb, oMoJIaxHue 6ygy, BbI ero
efo B 3eJIeHyIo 6ollul'tqy
Ho a sa6upatr,
earl.
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BbrJrer{[Te caMH. BbrnuueM eMy cre4ynqufi
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sano[aHHarl, rrTo6bl oHH IIOMOTJIHeMy Bce npaBuJlluo sanucarl.)
or{eHb
Earrsal,tuH rr,o6nT cBer, Te[JIo, MHoro BoAbt, He lrc6ur
eMy HyxeH [po6o.nlurux fopruKoB H He JII.o6Hr croflTb B recHore
<<O6pe3arb Bce BerorIKH, ocraBHB <<neHbKH>>
n 5crop. fluruure:
7 cu, npucbrnarb LIX yrreM, r{To6bt He noIIaJIa IzuSexu,ua. Kax<aufi
AeHb orrpbrcKl{Barb, Ha coJIHue I,t cKBo3HrK He craBHTb>>. flougute:
orHocutTbcq K Herray ua4o 6eeMy cAeJraHa onepal{Hfl, ouo 6oleer,
pelKHo. Bepxyurru o6pe3aHHblx qepeuKoB nocraBarb B BoAy, y HI'IX
rrorBflTcfl KopHH, I-i Hx Mo)KHo 6yaer rtocaAl4Tb B He6oJlblxfie fopIUOI{KH.

Bor eute 6arusaN4Hu. BbtrJIrAHr coBceM no-ApyroMy: nutulHutti xycr,
MHofo JrncrbeB H IrBeroB. 3ro eno,'IHe 3AopoBoe H KpacuBoe pacreHr4e. KoHeqHo, oH y Bac cTollT Ha cBerJIoM Mecre, Ho He Ha cKBo3HnKe, orAeJIbHo or Bcex pacreHIlfi, ero HHKTo He 3aAeBaer, Bbl ero
xoporuo rroJmBaere. Cefiqac, BecHofi, efo HaAo noAKapMJII'IBarb. flupacreop I cro.noeyrc.ruox<ruure: .,CAedrarb KpelrKldrl nuTarerluufi
xy (15 r) cyxux Mr4HeparbHblx yAo6peur.rfi (laer naKert4K c yao6peuuruu) pa3Becru B noJI-JILIrpe BoAbt. Sror xpenxuti pacreop nyct,
cror4r orAeJrluo. I4s Heto 6parb no oAHoli qaliHoli JIo)KKe u Ao6aeJrflrb B rroJr-JrHrpa BoAbI, KoTopofr nonuaarl 6arlsaMHH. [loAKapMrI4BaTb OALIH pa3 B HeAe.lrc noc,'Ie nOJI|{Baz.
nytltncroe, KpacttBoe! Kax ouo Ha3blBaBor 4pyroe pacreHue acnaparyc'. KaK x{e oHo ce6a uyacrnyer? floerca? flpaauJrbHo cMorDHM Ha Hero co Bcex cropoH. Bor no>renreBuue BerortKl'l, HX
HeMHofo. PacreHne 3AopoBo. flnruure: '<Cpesarn flolKe.nreBuHe Berpaza B HeAeJIIo, B flpKl4e
ru; oripucxr4Barb r{3 nyJlbBepusaropa l-2
xa>xAlrfi AeHb; He nepeca)KuBarb; Ha npqMoe co,'lHco,lHerrHbre LHvt ue He craBI.{Tb; I pas n ABe HeAeJIH noAKopMHTb IIarareJIbHblM pac>.
TBODOM
Bor eqe oAHH acnaparyc2, rortKo Bbtf.IIrAHr oH tlo-Apyrortly. llocMorpHM, KaK oH ce6a vyncrByer: BerKH oqeHb AJIHHHbIe,y ocHoBaHHfl foJrbre, ropruoK uaaeHnxaft, HaBepHoe, Becb 3a[oJIHeH KopHflMa
(cauuaer co creHbl, nocryqaB nanoqxofi co Bcex cropoH no foplxKy,
oceo6oxAaer KoM 3eMrI4, ocMarpuBaer KopHeByrc cucrerray). Bltnucrrearire peuenr: <O6pesarl
AJIHHHbIero,qbte BerKu, Kycr pa3Ae,'II'{Tb
or
Ha ABa, nocaAuTb B ABa roplxoqKa B HoByto 3eM,'IFo. flpureuarl
coJIHI,a, OnpblcKI,IBaTbex(eAHeBHo, xopoluo no,'II4BaTb>>.
Taxam o6pasou Afi6otur ocMarptlBaer c AerbMI4 Bce pacreHl4tl3,
oflpeAe,'rrrfl Ito BHeIIHHM npl]3HaKaM ux cocrotlHue, HeAocTaToK ycJlo'Acnaparyc nepucrufi.
' Acnaparyc Lllttpeurepa.
" Ec,'rn o6uapy>KuBaercq ga6oneguee pacreHne (c rletl, nayrtlHHttM KJteuloM,urlloH yBe3er efo n 6o,rluuuy
ronxofi), ero Aii6o,rur npocxr nocraBl-trb Ha Ma[ll4Hy a,lr{ cnerrHa,lbHofo ,'leqcHuq, H3oJllrpyer, qro6u ue 3apa3u,'IHcbApyrue pacreH}rt.

103

nui, 4aer peKoMeHAarIHH no coAep)KaHHro Ka)r(Aofo H3 Hr.rx. Vxo4x H
ocraBJrflfl perleflTbr, 3eMJrro, yAo6peHr.rfl, foBopHr: <<BunolHsfiTe Ha_
3Har{eHHf, qepe3 oAHy-ABe HeAeJIH q K BaM npHeAy cHoBa, rrocMoT_
plo, KaK ce6a vyecrByror 3eJreHbre nr.rroMrru! no csuAaHr.rfl!>

3aHcr[e. Kax uepenaxn x(r,tByrn npnpo4e?

u fel . .l l g o f p a M M H o e c o A e p > K a H H e . V r o q n n r l n p e A c r a B J r e H A
qepelaxu B yfoJrKe npxpoAbr. flosHaroreli o6 oco6esHocrqx )Kr.r3Hr.r
Mr'frb c MecroM o6uranus H xHSHbro qepe[axu B ecrecrBeHHbrxIIpupoAHbrx ycJroBr,rqx(crennx, nycruHnx), Hx frpHcrroco6leHsocrsn n
IHTaHHH' 3alr{HTe'or BparoB' rIepeHeceHHH
)Kapbl H xoJIoAa,BbIBeAe
H H HN O T O M C T B A .
Mare puar. Lno6yc; KaprltHbt H3 pa3Hbrxnoco6Nrl, Ha Koropl,rx
nso6parxeHtr crenb, rrycrbtHfl; Kaprr4Ha<<t{epenaxa>>r.
llpurr,IepHbrli xoA saHflrHfl
l-n qacrna. flera paccKasbrBaror o qepe[axe, )KuByrqeft e yro.nKe [npupoAbt,3a Koropofi onu HeoAHoKparuoua6nrc4ans. Bocnura_
renl o6paulaer oco60e BHr,rMaHHe
Ha ee norpe6uocru fi ycJroBHs,co3AaBaeMbIe
AlIn Hee: aru6ur renJro, ecr oBoulu u T. n.
2-n qacmt BocnurareJrb 3HaKoMar 4ereri c >KH3Hbr.o
cyxonyrHbrx
qepenax B ecrecrBeHHbrxnpr4poAHbrx
ycJroBHax.coo6ulaer uecra o6uTaHr.rfl:cren_fl, nycrbrHH.B ]o)KHbrxKpaflx poccr.Il.t,focyAapcrBax CpeA_
uell Aauu, Kanxa3a, AQpaxu (nora-sunaer Ha rno6yie).'flor<asunaer
nycrblHl'o' paccKa3blBaer, KaK TaM )KapKo, MaJIo pacrl{TeJlbHocra H
TpyAHo x(HTb' no9ToMy qepe[axH BbIXoAfr Ha [oBepxHocrb roJIbKo
eecHoft, KolAa He raK cHJrbHorreqer coJrHqe H MHofo cor{uoti pacrr{TeJrbHocra. B sro BpeMrI oHI{ aKTHBHoorKJraAbrBarcrqriqa il c Hacry[JJeHr,reMJrerHeli x(apbr cHoBa 3aKarrbrBarorcRuy60xo B flecoK, rAe
H npoBoAflr 66nluryro qacrb foAa. Mo.ro4lre qepeflaruKr.rBbrJry[,'rrrror
cfl r43 flr.rq oceHblo, Ho ocTaroTcfl B rrecKe no BecHbr.
3areu Boc[HTareJrbrroKa3btBaerKaprtlHy <<tlepenaxu>>,
coo6ulaer, qro ua ueri nso6parxeua crenb. !,era paccnarpHBaror KaprHHy r.r
orBeqaror Ha Borrpocbr: KaKue )KHBorHbre)KHByr e crenH? t{ro Aela_
er qulepuqa? t{ro AeJraer uepeflaxa Ha nepeAHev nlaue? Jlerro .nr
efi- x_onart novey? t{ro 4elaer Apyrafl vepenaxa? t{enn oua nnraercq? Kax rroBeAyr ce6q xaeorHbre, ecJra HeolKHAaHHonoflBHTcfl cre[uori opel HJrHApyrar xnulHar nruqa?
B sroM MecrIIe Bocflr,rrareJrbc AerbMx saHuMaercq noca4xofi, nepeca4xori H pa3MHoXeHHeMpacreHufi. AaHuaq AerrreJrr,HocrbcraHoBHTCS YCJIOBHEM &IIfl YTOI{HCHHfl TIPCACTABJICHUTi4OUTXOIbHHKOB O TIEcKe, KaMHtX, rutuHe, IIoqBe, o 3HaqeHI.tH STLIX MaTepI,IaJlOB Alfl X(H3HH

pacreHufi.

' l'ls nuureyxa3aHHoro noco6sR.

104

BTOPAgHEqEnt
Ha6nn4eHne 3a Marb-n-uavexofi (2)
I-[e,rl. OrrrlerfiTb H3MeHeHuqB pocre pacreHr4q: qBeroB craJro 6olurue; oHo Bbrpocro, craJro slIrue. Mats-H-Maqexa noflBn.lacb Ha HoBbrx Mecrax.

[nxn xa6rrc.u,ennfisa 6oxreft xoporxofi
(npodotttrcenue)
Ha6nrc4eHue 2. <.Kax rroJr3aer H Jreraer xyrox?>
IIenr.
Eox<ls KopoBKa HMeer uecrb JlanoK, ABa MITKHX npo3paqHbrx KpburblrrKa H ABa rBepabrx HaAKpbrJrbr.flpr-r nououlr-r JranoK oHa 6ucrpo 6eraer no rucrr,qM,
Kope, KaMHsM, pyxe. I(pu.nlq no3BoJ,rrrorerl .nerarr,. KorAa osa roroBuTcfl B3Jrererr,,
TO pacKpbrBaeTHaAKpbrnbfl, npHnoAHI{MaeTr.rx, BbrnycKaeT fipo3parrHble KpbtJtb[xKn rr
JICTHT.

Ha6.rrcnenxe 3, <<Hro ecr 6oxrR roooeKa?)>
I-le,rr. [art
npeAcraBreHHe o roM. qro B pa3Hbrx Mecrax )Kyr.roKnuraercr eule
6olee lre,rxuuu, qeM oH caM, HaceKoMbtMH,Koropbre us pacreHarl cocyr coK u npHHocsr 6o.nturori epe4 n.no4oBblMcaAaM u noo6ule MHorr.rMpacreHnsM.
B cso6oAHoe BpeMq BocnnTareJrb qaraer paccKa3 <<l(ax 6o>xsu KopoBKH [oMorJllt
caAoaHHKaM>>
rl3 KHHIH <<Sxonornq B KaprHHKax)>.Paccnarproar na rno6yce AncrpaJIHto l..rapyrue Mecra, rAe pacryr ane,'rbcHHoBbreca4lt, paccKa3rrriae:r,xax 6o>r<ssxopoBKa HX c.nacJla.Aaer eaAaHne noucKarb Ha yqacrKe )KyqKoB, noHa6.nrc4art, qro oHn
CT'IT.

3aHcr[e.

Mopcxne KopoBbt u KpacHar xHnrar

fIporpaMMHoe
c o A e p > K a H r a e .A a r l A e r f l Mn p e A c r a B J r e H n e
o roM, rtro JrloAH,rIJIoxo 3Hafl fipupogy, nory6ulr,t MHoro pacreuuti lr
xlrBorHbrx. Mopcxue KopoBbt - )Kr,rBorHbte,Koropbrx 6o.nsure HHKorAa He 6yAer na 3eu,re. flosHaxolaarl Aereri c KpacHori ruurofi, oxpaHqeMbrMr.r
pacreHr4flMr4.
Paseueart noo6paxesae Aereli B H3oAeflTEJIbHOCTII.

M a r e p v a Jr. Paccxas <<Mopcxue KopoBbr r.r KpacHas KHr.rra>>;
KapTHHKH
c aso6paxeur4eMKpynHbtxMopcKHXxaBorHbrx: Kr,rra,AeJrb$lrHa, Mop)Ka, rroJreHr; Kpacuar KHHfa; npuHaA/re)KHocruAJtq pacoBAHH'I.
f l p r . r r r a e p H b r rxi o A 3 a H f l r H f l
I -n qacma. BocnarareJrb qr.rraer paccKa3 <<Mopcxae KopoBbt H
KpacHan KHr,rta>>,3areM 6ece4yer c AerbMH no efo co1ep)KaHr.rroH.
3aAaeT Bonpocbr: qTo npor,r3o[]Jro MHofo JreT Ha3a!, c MopqKaMu o.qHoro pyccKoro xopa6ra? Kyaa BbrcaAHJrHcb
MoprrKv [ocJre Karacrpot{ro HX cnacJto or foJroAa? Karuruu 6trnu uopcxne ropoelr?
$u?
flove*ry oHH Hcqe3Jrr.r?lloverray ilcr{e3rz MHorr4eApyrue xHeorHHe?
Kax l^roAn npr.rAyMaJruno3a6orr.rrbcfl o npHpo4e? tlro raxoe KpacHaq
KHnrai
2-n qacma. Bocnurarelb paccKa3brBaero Kpacuofi xuure 4aHHofi
MeCTHOCTI4,
rroKa3brBaeTee, paccMaTpaBaeT c AeTbMr,rLIJIJITOCTpaTII,iH,
Ha Koropbrx ueo6pax<euu HeKoropble )KHBorHble14pacreHufl. lonopur
' Paccxas <<Hyxuu lu
nponycTr.iTb.

nacr6unly oequ?>

MoxHo no ycMorpeHllo

Bocnr4TareJlt

105

o roM, r{ro Ha c.ne4yrcu1eraHeAe.[e ece norl4yr B noxoA, BeAb HaAo
3HaTb, KaKHe pacTeHHflMO)KHOBCTpeTHTb
B 3TO BpeMrI B Jrecy, KaKlre r,r3 HHX oxpaHqeMbre 3aHeceHbrg KpacHyro KHr,try.Paccnaarpr4Barorno4po6uo HecKoJrbKo
oxpaHfleMbrxpacreHr.rri,Koropbte AericrBHTeJTbHO MO)KHO BCTpeTr,tTb B Jrecy.

3-a "tacmo. BocnurareJrb rrpeAJrafaerHapxcoBarb MopcKyroKopooy. Htrrro H3 Hac He BHAeJT3To x{HBorHoe, rrogToMy xaxgurl Mo)Ker
uso6paszru ero [o-cBoeMy. Ho npu aroru HaAo yr{ecrb, rrro aro
)KHBorHoeBoAHoe, MopcKoe. Oso >xu.noB BoAe H, KoHeqHo,fiMeJr
cxoAcrBo c ApyrHMH BoAHbrMLt
)Kr,rBorHbrMr,r.
BocnarareJrb quTaer fipuaMeHTpaccKa3a, fAe Aaercr orrucaHne lropcr<oli KopoBbr.lloxagtrsaer
HJ'rJ'rrocrparlura
c uso6pa>xeHr,reM
MopcKrix xr4BorHbrx, naopn,xopa6lefinapycHuKoB. !,eru pr4cyror, Boc[r,rrareJrb oKa3brBaer HHAHBT-rAyaJrb
IIOMOIIIb.

3ans'Ene. JIec n xfisHr,r qeroBeKa

f I p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p x a H u e . V r o . r H r . r rrbr p e A c r a B J r e HAr .er-f
qeJIoBeKa:o3AopoBHTe,rrbH
refi o pasuoM 3HaqeHr,tvileca B )KH3Hr-r
acrerar{ecKola,xosaricteeHHoM.B,recy qeJroBeKorAbrxaer, yKpeflrqer cBoe 3AopoBbe,HacJ'raxAaercqruurfiHofi, recHbrMl43anaxaMr, Kpacorori npupo4u. Or reca qer'roBeKMHoro flodrtyqaerAJrfl cBoero xosqricrea: rpu6u, flfoAbl, opexu, ApeBecHHy,[ytxHlzHy. I4s 4peoecuulr
Ae.laror.pa3Hr,re[peAMerbr, ue6ell, AoMa r] 6yruary. Kaxq,ufi qe.noBeK AoJrx{eHsa6orartcs o rece: [paBHJrbHoeecrfi ce6s Ha orAbrxe
He pa3pyrxart ycnoaufi >KL1zHLl
JlecHbrx)Kr-{BorHbrx,
co6uparl Aapbr Jreqro6bt r{acrb ocraJlacb caMoca ocropo)KHo H B TaKoM KoJIHT{ecrBe,
My J'Iecy, 6epevl AepeBflHHbreH3AeJrHfl,3KoHoMHTbr{HcryFo6yrraary.
M a r e p H a J r b r K 3 a r r f l T H r or . r c r o o p f a H H 3 a u H q . 3 a u q
THe npoBoAr..lrcflB Soprnle rtoceu{eHafl BbrcraBKr4u 6eceAlr Bo BpeMfl
ee ocMoTpa 14nocJre.
B crer{ua,rtHoM noMeuleuuu (sane, r.r3ocryAuHnnu 1ip.) Ha qerbtqeJroBeKa>>.
pe-nflTb4lreri opraut3yercl BbrcraBKa<JIec a x(H3Hl,r
VlzonupoBaHHo Apyr or Apyfa co3Aarorcr eKcrro3vl\r1t'.<!,aptr reca>>, <<t{ro
<JIec u uar,r3AeJrLR>>,
AeJralorn3 ApeBecuHlr?>,<Eyva)KHo-KaproHHbre
<<JIecfJra3aMr,r
tue 3AopoBbe>>,
xyAoxHHKoBrr,..Kro 3a6ornTcflo .rrece?>
B aKcflosHrluu<<[apatJ'reca>troryr 6trrs 6auxu c rpu6aun, ceReKH cy[eHbrx rpu6oe, 6auwu c 3aforoBreHrrbrMH
r e c r r b r M t 4r r o A a M r .
laKerbr c opexaMr,r,KeApoBbre[tuluKt4. Vnaxosra Ha Bcex 3KcnoHaTax npo3pa\rHaflv c oTqeTJIHBbIMH
3Tr..rKeTKaMU.
B aKcnosaqzu <9ro Aerar.or H3 ApeBecassr?>>
uo>rer 6lrrl ,rrc6aq Nae6err, nocyAa, pa3Ae,'roqHble
AocKrl, 6oropo4cxarr HfpyuKa, KapaHAauH r.r Apyfne BeUIH r4s AepeBa, 6epecrtr. llpe4naeru rro Bo3Mox{Hocrr4
6urt ue pacKparleHbr,qro6u 6trla eu4HacrpyKTypa
A,o,'rx{Hbr
AepeBa. B aroli x{e 3Kcno3}.rqfir4Moryr 6trrt v,rnpcrparlur.r c Lrso6pa)KeHHeM
rrapAepeBflHHblx
AoMoB, sa6opoe, KpacuBbrxHaJrrzqHilKoB,
KeroB, Sororpa$urz, KapraHKlr, Ha Koropbrx roKa3aH npoqecc 3afor o B K H A p e B e c u H b rn, H J r o p a M a .
106

B rperlefi 3Kcno3LIuHH,nocBfltrleHHoll6yMafe, Moryr 6url: satMaH, rrHcqarr,TyaJrerHaa,rospupoBaHHafl, 6apxaruaa H Apyrafl 6yuar-a, car$erKu, a raK)Ke KaproH vr vs1ervfl, H3 Hero (ynaronra), npoKHI,Ifll, aJlb6oMbl, TerpaAl,l, la3erbl,
IyKrIHfl U3 6yMarH r,r KapToHa
KapTbr.
B ure4yroqer:r aKcrto3uurznMofyr 6url npe4craBJleHbl:JlecHbteJIeKapcrBeHHbte rpaBbr B naKerI4Kax H Ha oTKpbITKax, I,IJIJIIOCTpalll{ll
c uso6pax<eHr{eMpa3Hbrx Soprvr orAblxa B Jlecy. I-le.nl arofi 3Kcno3l4rroKa3aTb3Har{eHHeJleca AJIfl 3AOpOBbfr{eIoBeKa.
r\Hu O.{eul ga)Knori flBJrflercq 3KcnogI,IqI,IflxyAo)KecrBenHHx tisAenuft
(..JIec rJIa3aMHxyAoxHLIKoB>>),
rax KaK oHa no3BoJlrer noKa3arb Ae6.narauu. Kpacora,
TflM, qro Jrec ueHeH He roJrbKo MarepnaJlbHururz
3CTeTUqeCKOe

HaCJraX(AeHUe

-

3TO TO)Ke AyXOBHaf

IIeHHOCTb,

KOTO-

[peAcraBJleHbl
pyro Aaer HaM Jrec. B eror:r sKcno3HIIHH naoryr 6url
KapTI4HbrB paMKaX C USO6paXeHHeM JIeCHOTOnell3a)Ka, 3CTaMnbI, XOXJroMcKr.re H3AeJIHfl, pa3Hbre KpacHBbIe npeAMeTbI I,I cyBeHHpbI, Ha KOropbrx oTpa)KeHbr JrecHbre flBJIeHHfl. BO npeun ee ocMorpa Mo)KeT 3Byr{aTb 3aIIHCb nrHqbl,tx toJlocoB, JlecHblx luopoxoB.
noKa3arb, KaK .nrc4u (oco6euuo
Ile.nr nocneA,Hefr oKcno3r4r\Hkr recuHxn) 3a6orqrcq o Jrece. Aeru Aol>xHbl yBuAerb KaprI4HbI <<JIecHI{K cnacaet aatiqen>>, <<3HIunqflnoAKopMKa AI,IKHXx(HBorHbIx>>,..floMOUIb 3HMyrOUr.HMIITHIIaM>>r.r3y.{e6HO-HafrqAHOfO IIOCO6Hfl C. H. HU(M.: llpocneuleHue,
1990). MoxHo
KoJraeBor?, H. H. Menxoeori
TaKXe HA]itTV Kaprr,rHbr 14 r,lJrJllocrpal{ull, Ha KoTopbIX noKa3aHbl JleconoBesereHlui rrarpyJrb lr 4p. [e.necoo6pa3Ho
TIHTOMHHK,uxo.nluurl
[paBLIJI nOBeAeHHq B JIeCy,
cHTb rrJraKar c nso6palKeHr,reM 3HaKoB oxpaHrreMbrx pacreuuri u KpacHyro KHLIry.
Bucraexy
Heo6xoAl-tMo coxpaHl4rb HecKoJtbKo AHeIi: ee noceu{alor
corpyAHHKH AercKoro caAa, Aerr{ Apyrnx Bo3pacrHblx fpyfltt. BocnuTareJrH [peAJlaralor poAHTeJrflM cxoAlirb Ha BblcraBKy BMecTe c Aerbmu. nns pe6flr 3ro npeKpacHafl Bo3Mo)KHocrb nepeAarb cBoH BneqarJreHHfl oT 3aHfrr.rf , eule pa3 nocMorperb
Ha rIoHpaBLIBIUHecfl
gKcnoHarbr. Brrcraexa
3To cnoco6 BKJIIoT{eHI,rflpoaHTeJleti B 3KOr o r H q e c K o e B o c n H T a H H eA e r e i i .
'
xoA sarflTr4r
npHMepuuri
Bocnurare,rb
rrpeAJraraer AerfM noliru Ha BbrcraBKy, Koropar opraHH3OBaHa B AeTCKOM CaIy ArIfl HHX H B3pOC.IIblX,COOOXIaeT,r{TO OHa
o Jrece. Bce arcnoslrquu ocMaTpl4Balorcq [ooqepeAHo: BocnI4TareJIb
Ha3brBaeT SKCnO3r{rIHrO, 3areM Aaer BOSMO)KHOCTbAerflM CaMLIM OCpyKaMH. !,a;ree KoporKo
Morperb aKcrroHarbr, no3BoJrflfl HX rpofarb
6ece4yer c AerbMr.r, yror{Hqq, r{ro u noqeMy 3Aecb [peAcraBJleso. [errocJreAoBaTeJlbHocTb ocMorpa 3Kcno3Hultfi: Aapbl
necoo6pasua'raKafl.
Jreca, efo xo3flricrBeHHoe HcnoJIb3oBaHHe; BneqarJleHufl or ero KparlpaKTHKa oxpaHbl JIeKaprr,rHbr xyAoxHHKoB, {ororpasvv,
corbr ca, 3a6orbr o HeM.
qe.necoo6pasuo
HecKoJlbKItMLt trpeAtro>xe3aHrrHe
3aeeprunrl
HUEMLI'.
107

npnBecrx Ha BbrcraBKypo4ure.neriH ocMorperb ee eule pa3 BMe
CTC

C HHMI,I;

[oAyMarb, KaK Mo)KHo 6epeul Jrec, r.rMer AeJto c 6yuarori u 4e.
peBqHHbrMH
npeAMeraMH;
KaK Kax(Abui us pe6nr nosa6orarcr o Jrece Ha cJreAy_r.oxtefr
ueAe
Jre, KorAa noliAer co BceMH B noxoA n lec (nocnl{TareJlb rroAcKa3b
BaeT,.r.rToMO)KHOlr3rOTOBI,rTb
3HaKH npaBHJra rIoBeAeHHflB Jrecy
BsflTb KOpM A,lfl frTAU, npHHflTb yrlacTr.reB or{lrcTKe [oJrfHbr, orpa)KAeHHHuypaaerinnxon).
Ha srori xe HeAeJreBocrrHTareJIHBMecre c AerbMr4 n cno6olruoe
BpeMq Haqr4HarorBbrnoJrHflrbpeKoMeHAauuu Ah6onura no BeceHHeM
yxoly 3a KoMHaTHbrMr,r
pacTeHHflM?t.
B grux Mepoflpr,rrrtrflx Bocnr4Tarerb yror{Haer rrpeAcraBJreHaflAerefi o gHaqeHrallnpr.rpoaHbrxMarepr4aJroB
A[rr co3AaHnflx(H3HeHHoBax<
Hbrx ycJroBr,rripacreHutna.
B cno6o4uoe BpeMfl c AerbMLt Bocflr.rrareJrbnpoBoArzTnocaAKy Jrro
6oro xor,ruarHofo pacreuur. (3ro Mox(er 6trrl sapauee npoparqeH
nuri_uepeuoK c KopHflMu urru pacreHr.re,rpe6yroqee nepeca4rra.)
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110

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112

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TaJrHHbr
ee o6uaxaeict seu.nR,ee >xyxluli rloKpoB, BoKpyf xeoliultx 3eJIeHeror MXu, rrJrayHbl,rpyuaHKa, 6pycullna, r. e. pacreHnq' KoTopble
3UMOBAJIH 3CTCHbIMI,I.

Paccxasltgaer o coKoABH>KeHLrH
AepeBbeB,Koropoe o6uapy>xueaercf rro crpyl:rxana>KLlAKocrt4,BblTeKaloureti ua oreepcruli Ha crBoEcrr
H )Kr4BorHblrvrn.
lax. Ornep^civta rraoryr 6url cAelaHbt r'rroAbMr,r
JIIO.II,H.
9TO
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ua
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6esAyuuue, 6esxa,'IocrHrte nocrynKH. Eclu reuuan crpyftxa HAer
H3OTBepCTl,rt,pacno!'lo)KeHHofoBL'lcoKo,TocoKoMJIaKOMHJICffAf-

re.n. Oco6eHHo oH ,'Irc6t-Ir coK KJIeHa, xoropufi cJlau{e 6epesonoro.
foaoprat o npo6yAHBIUeMcfl uypanefiuuxe, fpelolqHxcfl Ha efo rroB e-p x H o c r H M y p a B b f l x .
B co.[He.{Hrtfi AeHl Mo>xHo Ha6rloAarb eeceuHnfi BbIJIer 6a6oqer
, panHBHHU,
H a n o J r f H e , H a n p o c e K e , r A e o c o 6 e H H o r e [ , l o : J I H M O H H h UK
TpaypHr4r-(, naBJII4HberO fJla3a. Ba6oqxu nopxaloT, caAtlrcs Ha coJIHeqfpeloTcfl.
Hbre MecTa, rxHpoKo pacKpr,lBaloT KpbIJIbfl
Ec.ru cuer coue,'r, B eJIbHHKe MoxHo Ha6JInAarb paHo [oflBJIrIouluecfl H qBeryu{rle pacTeHHtl: BcxoAbl MapbflHHHKa JlyroBoro cpeAH
MXa; HeX(Hble rI,IcTbq, a 3areM u 6leAtrue uBeror{Kl'l qepHHKH; MOJIOabre >KeJITo-3eJleHble JlucTbf KIICJIHUbI, KOTOpbIe CO3AaIOTIIeJIble OCT-poBKx. Oua oco6esHo 3aMerHa, ecJIH Har{ara I-\Becrx.
I4urepecHo AerflM ua6.nrcAarl noqBreHl4e MoJIoAbIX no6eros y ern:
cBeTJfo-3er'IeHbleC MflfKHMI4 LlrilaNfi4,npHfTHblM (uO ne xnOtiuuu) SaIraxoM, xoporxo 3aMerHbte Ha Soue reMHo-3eJleuoft xponu; [oqru oAHOBpeMeHHO Har{HHaeTCfl pocT MoJIoAbIX lllHilIeqeK.
coBceM HHbIe, r{eM B eJIbB csernoti ,uy6paee Mo>KHoo6uapprlrl
[epBolrBeroB:
npopacraHue
6ucrpoe
Hr.rKe, flBJlenun. flpexAe Bcero
cupeHeaofi xoxJlarKu, BacHJlbKoBo-cuHeti npoJlecKx, npKo-)KeJlroli Belre4yulzlbr. Ay6paea orJll4qaercfl
TpeHgrrbr JIIorHKoBoti, rpKo-po3onoti
or Bcex ocrarbHbtx cocraBoB JIeCa: B Hefi MHO|O CBera (TaK Xar.qy6
pacnycKaerca nos4uo), Te[JIa, nogToMy orr{er.IluBo BHAHo rIocJIeAoBacHa'{aJIa TpaBbl, 3areM Kycrap'
Te.rlbHoe npo6yx<4eur.re ee 3Ta)Kefi
Hllxn (neutrHa) u ,u.epeaun.
Ec,ru nec cueruasuuft, To Mo)KHo Ha6rloAarb IrBereHHe AepeBbeB
(ocHulr, o,'rbxl4, easa), oAHoBpeMeHHoe pa3BeprblBaHne MoJIoAblx JIHcTOqKoB H rlBeTor{Hbtx 6yToHOB (6epesa, x.rreH), rlOtBJIeHIle HoBbIX IIII4ueqeK y JIucrBeHHuqu. I'lurepecHo noKa3arb AerflM pa3BeprblBaHue
AeB JIeCy BCerAa MHOrO rloApocra, MOJIOAbIX
Jrr{crbeB y pa6uuu pa6uuu roxo)Kl'l Ha 6JIeAHo-3eJleHyro[yluucryto KHpeBbeB. Jlucrln
ttoKpbtBafl MOJIoAble JIHCTbfl, 3aull,tulaeT hX oT XOJIoCTOtiKy. llyurox,
Aa, u3,'r4rxHero Hc[apeHr4q B,'Iafa. KorAa JILIcrbfl oKpenHyr, oH ornaAaer.
Heo6ut.{Hnra flBJIeHI,reMB BeceHHeM recy flBrqlorctl paHHI'Ie rpn6u, rpz6lt-roAcHe)KHnKH, cpeAu Koropblx ecrb H cbeAo6Hble. JlecHIIK 3Haer HaBepHfKa, ecrb JII,I oHH B AaHultri MoMeHT, 14 floKax{er
ax. CreAo6Hbre crpoqKu u cMoptlKlz LleHqr HapaBHe c ,'Iyqul4Mu oceH5

Hr*oru"uu.

MeroA. roc

113

nuuu rpn6auu. CrpovoK HanoMuHaer pbr)KeBaro-Kopnr{HeBbtrl KoMoK
HerrpaBHJrbHoli $opnru, ynpyrurl, Becb B BoJrHr.tcrbrx cKJraAKax. LUrqnKa cMopqKa noxox(a Ha KpyrrHoe KypHHoe qrluo )Kenro-6ypofi oKpacxu. V 4pyroro cMopqKa ruJrrrrKa rroxo)Ka Ha eJroByro rxurxKy. Morxuo
BcrperuTb paHHHe uecte4o6nore rpu6u, HaloMr4Harorque csor4Nl o6JIHKOM BOJIHXCTyTOJrenerllKy r.tJ|U r{eJoBer{ecKoe yxo, qepHyro ypHor{Ky - cTaKaHr{r.rK, proMoqKy.
J I e c H u x M o ) K e r p a c c K a 3 a r b A e r q M , K a K H X ) K H B o r H b r xo H B c r p e q a r
B 3AMHeM Jrecy, BHAeJTJrH CJreAbt xHU_(Hbtxsaepera, HaxoAt4,,rJtl-r Jloct4Hbre pofa, Mox(er rroKa3arb uuo-Hr6yAl
Hopy, fHesAo, AyrrJro, rronpr,t3br Ha AepeBbqx H MHoroe Apyfoe, qro 3HaeT oH OAHH.
PaccuarpanaHue r,rHTepecHbrxBeceHHr.{xqsreHltri B Jrecy rIoA pyKOBOACTBOM
JTeCHHKa[epexOAHT B 3aBepuarcU{y}O H OqeHb BaXHyrO
qacrb [oxoAa oKa3aHue [paKTHqecKori noMolutr JrecHbrM o6urarerqN4. JIecuHK qerKo roBopHT, r{To Moryr cAeJlarb AerH A,,rrr6nara ,reca: HanpuMep, co6parb Mycop Ha noJrflHe, ofpaAr.rrb uypaneriuaxu,
paccTaBr,rTb 3HaKr,r npaBHJra rroBeAeHHtr B necy.
flocne o6urero rpyAa, B KoropoM rrpuHuMaror yqacrue v Aeru, u
B3pocJrbre, Hacrynaer MoMeHT c6opon. Ou Ao.n>xen npoitru cnorofigo, c co6nroAeHHeM 3anoBeAH <<Msr rocru Jreca, a He xo3fleBa>>
Ir npaBnila <<Vxo4a, Mbr ocraBrqeM Jrec raKr,tM, KaKHM yBr,rAeJru ero
BrrepBbre>>.Bocnurare.lb flooulpqer AelicrBr.rfl Aerefi B3nrb c co6ofi 6pocoebre ,lecHbre HaxoAKH (runruru, BerKH cocHbt, Kopfl)KKr4,ne-

pu

u 4p.).
Ha o6paruoM fryrn AerH npouarorcfl c JrecoM,qr4rafl crr.rxorBopeuue C. florope.noecKoro. BeqepoM AerH AeJraror <SororpaSuv>> pr4cyrorcBorr B[eqarJreHltfl,r,r3Koropbrx opfaHu3yercfl BbrcraBKa.BoclruTareJlbBceM npocraBrqer floxBaJlbnbteor{KHB <<flauoparue4o6pux
>>,
,U.ed'I

llcrHlrua ilocBrruraerca !,uro 3eu"ru. !,.na po4ure.leri naoxuo ycrpourb AeHb orKpbrrbrx 4aepefi HM rrpeAocraBJrrercn Bo3Mo)KHocrb
rrocerarb rlo6bre Meponpuqrur, Koropbre 6yayr oprauusoBaHbrAerbMr.r.
Ympo: KoJrr'reKraBHsrri
rpya Aereri s yfoJrKe npnpoAbt 14 rpynne.
O6ulr-rrrauycr4trtrMu co3Aaercn qHcrora, Kpacora, yror. !,ern noMoraror o$opur-rrb BbrcraBKycBoHX pa6or (plcynxoe, [oAe,,roK,KHH)KeKcaruo4erox).
llocne sasmpaKa: 6eceAa <<3eu.rl Haru o6quri 4ov. Vxpaculr
ee qBeraMrz>. 3a ocuoey 6ece4u 6epercn repBoe 3aHflrr4eceurs6<fllauera 3euns B ofiacHocru!>. Bocnurarenl coo6uraer, qro
pfl 22 anpenn Bce JrnAH orMer{aror KaK AeHb 3aulHTbr uauleri nJraHerbr,
3a6orbr o ee coxpaHesnu. flocne 6eceAbropfaHri3yercfl nocaAKarIBeTortHbtxceMflH Ha paccaAy uau (e 3aBlicHMocruor rroroAbrr.r KJIHMayc,roeuri) BbrcaAKapaccaAbrHa yr{acrKe AercKoro caAa. AeTr4qecKHX
Trl Moryr locaAr,rrb ceMrH no6ollue, .rro6rt yKpacr,trbrlBeraMrl ra3oHbl
He TOJTbKO B AeTCKOM CaIy,

HO H OKOJTO CBOeTO AOMa,

nOA'be3Aa.

gaHrrue <3eu.nR,
Buecro 6eceAu Mo)KHorrpoBecrr.{KoMnJreKcHoe
c r,HeM polKAeHr.rrre6q!>>.
114

Koun,llexcnoe

saHcrne.

3enaln,

c AHeM poxr4enur

re6n!

f l p o r p a M M H o e c o A e p ) K a H I ' l e . V r o q u u r l [ p e A c r a B J I e H H tAl e reri o xg{3Hr.r Ha 3eMJre: o6qzx ycroBHqx, Koropbre r4MeroTcf AJlfl p4Cresuri, )KHBorHbrx n lroAeti (eosgyx, Bo.(a, nHxla, reMneparypa)' I-loKa3arb,r{ToBpa3HblxMecraxycJloBl4tlpa3Hble:ecrbreppHTopllH'rAe
>r(HTbJrerKo (n.no4opoaHbre 3eMJrr4,,leCHCTbreMecTHocTr,r,yMepeHHaf
noroga), Ho ecrb ropu (ravleHl4crble reppuropHn), necvauute u xaMeHHCTbIenycrblHl4,OqeHbxoJloAHble14or{eHb)KapKHeMecra'rAe
)KHTb TpyAHo. gelOeer, paCTeHI4f lI >I(HBoTHbIenpHcIIOCo6nluCl XHrl
rrOr{TH Be3Ae. BoCnurlleaTb y AeTeIi r{yBCTBo IOpAOCTI43a cBOIO rIJIanJIaHeoHa eAuHcTBeHHafl B coIHe.IHOfi CUCrette <<x(I'IBafl>>
HeTy saAo 6e3Tor
lrcAeli,
Bcex
AoM
o6urant
flBJIflercfl
AJIfl
ola
AoMoM
Ta,
pevl. flpo6yx{,4arb y Aereri }KeJ'raHr4ecAeJraTb flpurrrHoe Arq 3eNaJtI.{
cKa3aTb xopolxHe cJIoBa, Bblpa3Hrt, 4o6pue HaMepeHI'Iq B pl4cyHKe'
l a o 6 y c ( t . t . t l H6 o l l u l a n Q u s H u e c K a f l ,K a p r a n o J l y l u a Mare pAat.
pr-rri); r<apfl.ruu (u,ru craliAbl, eu4eoSulltvt) c uso6paxeHHeM pa3HbIX
u.nu Auraprrl4Kl4' IlycrblHI'I, fopHoli
ryHr.pbt, Aprruxu
iou'3erur.nu MecrHocrH, JIeCa; Marepvail Mfl I,I3oAeflre,'lbHocrl'l; xnefi; 6yuafa AJItI
cM H pa3Horo rlBeroBoro $ona);
pr,rcoBaHr4fAereri (pasrraepona6x10
frpocTpaHcTBe: B CeB
KOCMHqeCK0M
3eMIH
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C
BaTMaH
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(4uaruerpoM 25 cnn), pa-3JII4HoBaHHblllArfl p-oBHopeAHHe 6enufi
cu)'
ro HarulcaHHfl CJIOB,BOKpyf rony6an arruocsepa fiJlaHerbl (2-3
a $uo.neroelrri uBer KocMoca; KyKJra-r4HonJIaHertlHLIH,
[epexoAfulaa
KOrOpafl LICnOJIb3OBaJIaCbHa rlpeAHAyuIeM 3aHfrI4H; KOpOOKa c MaJreHbKr4MH6ylraaxultt"tu 3BeSAOqKaMU rOny6oro IIBera.
xoA 3aHflr14f
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coo6utaer, qro B AercKoM caly onarb
1 -n ,tacma. Bocnurarell
nofBuJrcfl HHO[IaHeTqHr4H, KOTOpUfi npoc.nsruaJr, qTo AeTH TOTOBflTI43 B3pocJIbIX npuHocl.lr KyKJIy I.1
cf orMer{aTt AeHt 3eunu. Kro-ro
c AeTbMr4.BOCnUrarelu,
ropo6xy co 3BesAor{KaMr4,KyKJra 3AOpOBaeTCrr
qr6
3arleM Hy)KHbl
e
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BblfcHfler,
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3Be3AOr{KH.KyX,ra noflcHfleT, qTo STHM1{ge6ecuuruu 3Be3AOqKaMI4HaAo Hafpa)KAarl Aereti, Koropble npaBuJlbHo orBer{alor Ha Bonpocbl'
BeAer AHaJIor c AerbMH u xyxnoh- loeopur, vro
Aaree BocrnrareJlb
cKopo 6yAer npasAHux 3evnu, cflpallll'lBaer y pe6ar' noqeMy Halxa
rrJlaHeTa yHHKaJlbHa (e4raHcreeuHaq e conueqsofi cncreMe, fAe ecTb
xusns). flpeAlaraer
AeTqM 14 KyKJIe nocMoTpeTb, KaKI4e pa3Hble MecTa u ycJroBhfl ecTb sa 3ervue n KaK TaM xr4ByT pacTeHr,rfl, >Kr4BOTHble

H J'lKI.D.H.

Bocnnrare.nb craBHr r.no6yc ( n.nu eeruaer xapry), paccraBrfler
KapruHbrc ttso6pa>xeHueMpa3Hblx 3oH. Haqusaer o6cyxgeuue c 4eTbMn o6ulHx yc.lroeufi A.rrfl)KH3Hu Ha nJraHeTe,rax<Anrl pa3 cooTHOcr,rTMecTo ua r.no6yce c rapruuofi. 3aAaer [pI{MepHo cJlenynulxe BO(sa npannnbHble orBerbl rleAaror Aaer 3Be3Aor{KU):
npocbr
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5*

115

Vro.{Hqer, qro Bo3Ayx ecrb B rlo6brx ee Mecrax yKa3btBaer Ha
xaprauu.) Korray npreu Bo3Ayx AJrfl AbrxaHr.rn?(PacreuaflM, )Kr.rBorHbrM H r{eroBeKy. Aern AenoHcrpupy}or I,rHo[raHerqHHHy, KaK oHH
Auruar. )
2. Ecrr JrH Ha 3eure rpecHarr soaa? lAe oHa HaxoAr.rrcn?(fleAafof H AerH rroKa3brBarorua r.no6yce peKH H osepa.). Kouy Hpr<Ha
BoAa AJrrrxNsura? (BocnarareJrb noKa3brBaer KyKJre BoAy B craKaHe,
npeAJrafaer nonpo6oearb ee, [orcHfler, qro Ha 3eMile ecrb pa3Hbte
Mecra: B nycrbrHnx (yxasueaer Ha KaprHHy) r"ra.noBoAbr,raM rpyAHo
)Kr,rrbBceM; B Mecrax, fAe reKyr peKH, npecHoft BoAbr MHofo, TaM
BceM xarb JrerKo (yraetreaer Ha Kaprr4Hyc JrecoM), a B oKeaHax H
Mopflx xorq BoAbrH MHoro (noxas ua rno6yce), uo ona He npuroAHa
AJrfl lrr,tTbfl,[oToMy r{To oHa fopbKo-coJleHaa.)
3. Ecrl ilv,Ha 3eu.ne [HuIa AJrr JrroAeli,x(r,rBorHbrx
ra pacreuufi?
t{ro e4ar,'rroArl, >xusorHlre? t{epr nurarcrcq pacreHHn? (lle4aror yrorrHrer r,r ficnpaBJrfler KoHKperHbre orBerbr Aerefi, AeJraer aKrleHT
Ha roM, r{To Ha 3eune Bce }KHBbrecyulecrBa HaxoAflT4la ce6n nur a u u e .)
4. Ten.no HJrr.rxoJroAHoHa Haueri nrtasere? B rarux uecrax 3enaru oco6esuo xonoAuo? (floxas ua r.no6yce [oJrflpHbrx3oH, KaprHH c
ax uso6pareuueu.) Kro rau xneer? I(ar npucnoco6r.rrucb K xoJroAuofi noro4e )Kr.rBorHbre,
pacreuan? (fle4aror o6paqaer auu,'rroAr.r,
MaHHeAereri Ha KaprlrHbr c lrso6paxeHr4eMAprraxu, Aurapxruxu,
yror{Hrer oreeru.) B xaxux Mecrax oqeHb xapxo? Kax rau }Kr4Byr
\pacreHr.rflH )KHBorHbre?(flertloucrpupyercr nycruHa.) B raxux rvrecrax 6ueaet yMepeHHafl[oroAa He orreHbx{apKo r] He oqeHb xonoAuo? (Aeru paccKa3brBarorKyKJre,KaK oHH oAeBaorcfl B xoJroA H
e xapy.)
Bocnurarerb KoporKo rroABoAHTl.rror: <3eurfl eAHHcrBeHHas
uraHera e CorHe.{Hori cucrepre, fAe ecrb Bce yc,qoBnfl Liln xu3HH
pacreHrari, >Kr.rBorHbtx
H JrroAeri.Taxori x(r.r3Hlt,KaK Ha 3enane, Her Hr.l
na Mapce u }Onurepe (rau c.ruuurKoM
xo,roAHo), ua Ha Benepe u
Mepr<ypavt(rav oveuu rxapxo). 3eu.ns - caMar rrpeKpacHaflrrJraHera! Bce .[roAH AoJrx(Hbree .nrc6uru u 6epeul>>.
2-n qacma. BocnurareJrb craBur Ha [oJr rno6yc. Aeru nruecre c
xyrloti o6pasyror Kpyr, BoAqr xopoBoA, norcr (uln cJryuaror B 3anacu) necurc npo 3eu.nrc (nro6yro no ycMorpeHuro My3brKaJrbHoro
pyKoBoLHTeJrfl).3areru BocrraTareJlbroBopr,rr, r{To rr,oAr.rnpulyMad'l.i MHofo noroBopoK npo 3eMJrro, rroroMy r{To .[rc6qr ee. flpoueuocur
HeKoropbter,r3Hr,rxu fipocuT pe6nr noflcHuTb:
<<Kro ruarr cbrpy seMJrro,nrc6ur, ror foroAeH ue 6y!,er>;
<<3el,rrqKopMHTlrcAerl, KaK Marb Aereri>>;
<<Hera 3eMJIflAopora, fAe MeABeAb>KHBer,a ra, rAe Kypr.rqacKpe6er>>.
flpo noc,re4Hrcr.onoroBopKy Bocnr4TareJrbfoBopHT, rrro ee rtprlAyMaJIa AaBHo H oHa y)Ke ycrapera. Cerlqac Jrr,oAr,r
Jrro6flT BcflKyro
3eM.rrorr rAe MeABeAr4
xnByr (r. e. 4uxue uecra), H ceJrbcKoxosqricrseHHnreyroAbfl, rAe x<HByr Kypbr H Apyfue AoMauHHe >Kr.rBorHbre.
116

3-n ,tacmo. AerH caAqrcfl, BocnuTarerb rlpocur.HX fIplLIIyMarb xoBeAb y Hee cKopo AeHb poxCJTOBa-IO)Kera:HH'-,
DOUrnHe
AJIfl 3eMJII4
sllHM, 3aflHcbleaer 3-4
rloMoraer
ileAaror
AeHr.ls. !,eru ronopqr,
cKa3brBaHHf B qepHoBHK. 3areu [oKa3blBaeT BaTMaH C r{SO6paxeHueu
norcHfler, r{ro B Kpyfy 6yryr xpacuBo HanHcaHbI I{x
KoHrypa 3eulu,
cJIoBa,aBoKpyfnJIaHeTbIpa3MecT'ITcqHxpHcyHKH-no)KeJIaHI,IqcH3oioro, .{ro AerH xorerg 6H er.iAert Ha 3eMre s uso6unu}t
6paxeuueu
6a6o'txu
rIrHI{bl '
flroAbt,
TpaBbl,
( uneru,
rpu6u,
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qro6bl
cAeJlarb
6yruary,
Kax(AoMy
npeAlafaer
rz r. A.). Bocnurare.nb
pHcyHoK. Bvlecre c I,IHorIJIaHerqHHHoM xoAI'IT, yroqHqer' r{To Aerfi prcyroT, noMofaeT I,IM.
B cso6oAuoe BpeMfl BocnurareJlb c AerbMIl HaKJIeHBaer pIlcyHKH
Ha BaTMaH, caM neperrucbrBaeT Hx fro)KeJraHuq. fl.ttaxar BbrBeuHBarcT
e AeHl 3err,ul't ua o6oapeHue poAl4reJleti. u rocreti'
B pa3AeBaJlxe
Bo nropoli TIoJIoBLIHeAHq [poBoAI'ITcq rop)KecrneHnltli rrpa3AHHK
IlocBculeHfte Aerefi B K)Hbte 9KOflOrH. Ha npae4uuK npr4rJrauaorctl
poAureJrH, craprxue 6parln ?r cecTpbr Aereir, yqr4reJrf coceAHefi IIIKOJtbr, KyAa nofi4yr Aeru I ceura6pa.
ropxecrBeHHafl.
flepear qacrb [pa3AHHKa
3an npas4ur4ttHo yKpaIUeH. Ha IIeHTpaJIbHoti crese H3o6pa)KeHxe
KOIOCbq r.r Bacr,rJlbnJraHeTbr 3euls,. ycttnauuofi rIBeTaMn, BHH3y
rH. Ha 6oroeori creHe BbtcraBKa pHcyHKoB Aereli o npl4poAe' floxoAttoAeJIKt'I I'I3 rlpllpoAHofo MarepuaJta' caMoAeJIbuue <SororpaSuu>>,
Hbre KHHxKa <<SrolorHr B KaprHHKax>>u r.no6yc, <<llaHopaua 4o6pllx
4el>>. B pa3Hblx Mecrax 3ara croqr BerKH c pacnycrHBllll'lMl'lcr JIHCrbflMH rI IrBeraMH. B npas4Hl.lxe yqacrBylor Aerl4 crapureti fpyrlnbl'
Bblcrynaer
floc.ne rofo KaK A,ert{ o6eHX fpyrIrt cqAyr Ha cryrbq'
BcTynr.rTeJrbHoecJIo3aBelyrculaq AeTCKHM CaAOM. Ee ropxecrBeHHoe
3eu.nu orMeqaercfl Ha ecefr rJlaHere, BceMI4
Bo o ToM, uro !,eul
,,IloAbMa, Koropbre .nrc6sr nJIaHery-AoM, rlo6qr npvpoAy, rrc6qr ceofi
npl4po.4y'
AerH, oqeHb rlo6qrqile
rpali. B AercKoM caly noApacranr
oHu He Aaryr ee n o6u4y, Kor,qa craHyr B3pocJlblMt{. CeroAHq Aeru,
KOTOpbre noriAyr B uKod'ry, TOp)KecTBeHHO rrocBrrularoTcq B loHble 3Ko3To
aro 3HarII'IT erle oqeHb MoJloAbIe. 3ro.noru
fOsue
rorr.
<<AoM>>.
Hauru AerH 3HaTe, KTo nrc6vlt ceoil Aot\l. <<3roc>> o3Haqaer
IoT, qTo AOMOM Ha3bIBaeTCq He TOJIbKOLIX KBapTI'lpa, HO 14ABOp BO3re [oA-be3Aa, H AercKHh can, 14 JIec, KyAa OHI'I qacro xoAflT ryJltlrb c
Boclr.rrareJltrMt4 H poAI'ITerrMH. ,Il,err4 ga6orqrcq o 3eJleHblx Apy3bflx B
)KHBorHbIX, HI4yrorKe npHpoAbr, Ha yqacrKe, B Jlecy. AerIa ro6qr
KofAa HX He o6ulKalor. 3a ro4 pe6ara coBeptullJtx MHofo 4o6pux nocrynKoB (sane4yloulatl noAXoAHT K <<flaHoparvre go6pllx AeJI>)' Ha3bteaer 4o6prte AeJIa Aerefi). Orru c yAoBoJIbcrBI4eM 14 HHrepecoM
Ha6rnAaror 3a npHpoAori, pucyror ro npeKpacHoe, r{ro yerz4e.nu. !,eocTaHyTcf Ha
TH CaMI,r floAforotsrlJlH KHI'IX{KH n r.no6yc. 3ra ruuxru
pe6nra.
naMflrb AercKoMy cary, Ilx 6yAyr crraorperb Apytl4e
3a sce arn aocrI,IX{eHI,Ifl AerflM floAforoBareJlbHoll fpyflflbl Bpyr{aercq cBaAererbcrBo <<IOuuil 3Ko,'lof>>. 3ro HarpaAa 14 raMflTb Ha BcIo
)KI'{3Hb, 3To HarlyrcrBl'le H AaJIblIle rIo6HTb npl-Ipo.ryi 14 3a6orHTbcr o Hefi'
117

flo4 sayvaune rop)KecrBeHHori My3brKr.tAerflM Bpyr{a}orcfl cBvAeTCJIbCTBA.

Bropaa qacrb npa3AHHKapasueveuuR'.
Be4yuar no3ApaBJrser 4ereri u rocrefi c [pa3AHr4Kolr !,ue*r
3eunu. 3araAHsaer 3araAKy: <<Huxoro He poAr4Jra,a ece uaryuroft
s6nyr>>. Pe6qra orraAbrBaror. !,era noAforoBr.treJrbHorirpynnbr noror
pyccKylo HapoAHyronecHro <<Po4uua>(.Burxy r{yAHoenpunolle...>>).
Begyuan 3afaAbrBaer eule oAHy 3afaAKy: <<BAonr 3epHoM 6eper,
KapaBaeM orAaer>). florurollHr.rKr,r orBeqarcr. !,anee HHcrleHupyercn
rrore[rKa <<
Tpaxropa >>
:

,

Tapa-rapa-rapa-pa, KaK r.r3 Hauero ABopa
Btresxarcr rpaKTopa.
6yAeu aeulrc flaxaTb, 6yaerrl po>xs 3aceBaTb,
By4eu x,re6 MoJrorHTb, Marbrx AeryrxeK KopMHTb.

BeAyqaa.
BecHoli cax<arcr AepeBbr. B Hapo4e foBopflT, r{ro,
ecrn r{eroBeKxor{er ocraBuTb o ce6e xopotxyrc [aMqrb Ha 3eMJre,oH
AOJrx(eH[ocaAHTb AepeBo.
(rvrys.E. Tu[ecHro <<!,epeeqa>>
!,eru craprueri rpynnu r4HcrreHr.rpyrcr
nuueeeorl).
BeAyuIas.
Becuori x sarvrBo3Bpaularcrcq[rr.rubr. I-loclyrualire,
4erz, xanori pa3roBop [por.r3oueJr y Hac c )KypaBJ'reM.
leru vararcr crnxorBopeuue ll. Bopoulxo <<)Kypae,rl>>:
Xypa-xcypa -xypaBe,'lb, o6.nere;r oH cro 3eMerb,
Msr cnpocu.nrl xypaB,'rq: <lAe xe Jryquar gell.nq?>>
OH oreera,r, nponeras: .Jl1llue Her po4Horo xpaa!r>

flera no4roroBr,rreJrbHorirpynnu rotor H HHcqen]rpyrcr pyccKyr,o
HapoAHyroflecu]o <<3euenrcura-qepHo3eM>>.
3arena Aerr.t [ooqepeA,Ho foBopflr rrocJroBaubro po4uoti 3eMJre:
l. Bcarorr,ry Mur.rapoAHafl cropoHa.
2. Csotr cropoHa He 6brBaer xoJroAHa.
3. Po4nan 3eMJrr{rraa Bo cHe cHHTcr
4. Bosepaulas 3eMJreAoJrr 6y4er rolx.
5. Beluxa pyccKafl 3eMJrfl, a Be3Ae cor'rHbuuKo.
6. 3euenlxa qepHar, a xne6eq 6enurl poAar.
'
7. Kro 3eMd'rtoJreJreer,Toro H 3eMrq x{a.[eer.
!,eeouxa o6eHX fpynn raHr,(yrorno4 $ouorpaMMy necHu lO. t{uqKoBa <PoAHarrcropoHKa>>.
!,ern vuranr orpbrBoK Hs crr4xorBopeHur H. 3a6unn:
Jlo6tlasrri xpafi, uol seuna,
Po4urr.rsre
npocropsr!

J HaC H peKr.r,H ro,'rq,
Mopa, ,reca n fopbr.

Bspocnue AercKoro caAa BMecre c AerbMr.rnoAroroBltrenuuofirpynrrbr ucnoJlHflIor flecH]o <<Kax nofi.(y R Ha 6ucrpylo per{Ky> (c,rona u
My3brKa A. I-Ionona).
' P a a p a 6 o r a u uH. A. Lllapr<oecxofi Mocxsur.
r18

p yKoBoaurerreM
My3brKarrbHbrM
n/c Ne 1012

, o c o 6 e H H oo H a x o p o u e B e A y u r a q . K a x K p a c I 4 B aH a [ I a 3 e M J I f l a
CT BCCHOIiOT 3EJICHHI,I IIBCTOB.
MaKaMH
!,eru cpe4uefi rpynnu BbInoJIHflIor raHeu-ylpalKHeHl4e^c
noA My3r,IKyM. Payieeprepa (necu1 <<Maxu> Ha cJIoBa O' Bucorcrori).- 3eyuur ayarlosanllcb rIecHHA. Ma.nuxona <<CropouapoAHar>>'
Bce Aeru raHuylor coBpeMeHHbliiraseu B cBo6oAHofiuauepe'
B e A y u r a s . M u ) K H B e Mc B a M I ' lH a n J l a H e r e 'K o r o p a f l H a 3 b l B a e r rIo6HTb uaury 3eucq 3eM,'Ifl. 3ro sau po4uor? Aou. Mlr AOJI)KHbI
roBopl-lTcfl:<<3euHeAapoM
BeAs
ee.
6epevs
Heri,
o
Jrro, 3a6oTr4rbcr
,ra sa6ory .nrc6ut>>, <<3eMJlq
Bo3bMelub>'
.[aaailre 6yAeru 6epe'lu n,raHery,
.tlpyroi raxoi ee4s Ha cBere HerY,
Pasneena HaA HeIo fi TyqH, H ablM,
B o6u4y ee HLtKoMyHe AaaHM.

<<CropoHa poAHafl>) Aerl'r
llo4 ayAIaosalrHcb necHl't !,. Ma;rnroaa
3ailau3
BblxoAtlr
TaHqyroT, a 3areM
cy66orur'rx no y6opxe yqacrKa AercKofo caCy66ora. llpono4Ilrca
Aa: pacql4u-lalor ra3oHbl, oKarlblBalor AepeBba' crpl'Ifyr KycrapHI4K' AeJraror frocaArrz. B cy66orHuKe 11pl,tH6Ma1gryqacrue KOJIJIeKTI'IBB3pocJ'rbrx AorxKoJlbHofo yqpe>KAeHvff' Aeru I'I HX pOAHTeJIH.

TIETBEPTA9HE.4EJT'
Bocnurarelb r{ AerH o6cyx4arcr nporueAuyro HeAeIIo, AeJIflTCfl

ttTO He Ha6IIOAaIH e)Ke.(HeBHO3a
BIIer{aTJIeHIlqMLt.<<BCIOMI4Ha]OT>>,
(ro, t{To BcerAa AeIaJIOCb
B
KaJreHAape
ee
oTMeqaJrr4
noroAori r{ He
rrpeAJraraer BcfIoMHI4rb AeHb 3a
Ha rperberi ue4ele). BocnHrarelb
HapucoBaTb KaprI4Hy
AHeM nofo.[y, orMerl,lrb ee B Hy)KHUX rpa$ax,
Ha6JIloAaTe,lbHocTb
oTMeqaeT
BOSIIITaTeJIb
aroru
flpu
)KtrBOIi npapOA,bI.
r,r caMocroflTeJIbHOCTb Aerefi .
3aHqr[e.

[Irrqufi

ropoA

Ha AepeBbflx

coAep)KaHHe.
f i a r a n p e A c r a B ' l e H l l eA o fIporpaMMHoe
npupoly cner,rrKoJrbHIlKaMo 3anoBeAHHKax KaK Mecrax, r4e 6oraryn
t{HTafl
paccKa3,
c AcrpaxaHAereli,
uHarbHo oxpaHaur'. floguarouurb
r{To
B MOpe
Bo,rru
BfiaAeHr'rfl
B
MecTax
lloxa3aru,
3arroBenHHKOM.
cKr.rM
cKanrHBaeTcfl MHO|O peAKHX, OqeHb t4HTepecHbrxnrHu. B 3anoBeAHI'lKe HX OXpaHfIOT, fIo3TOMy I4X He CTaHOBHTCflMeHb[Ie.
Hayunru Aerefi orpa)Karb BneqarJIeHKa o npupoAe B pucyHKax'
p v a n . K a p r u u u c u s o 6 p a > x e H l ' I e M[ r H u 3 a n o B e A H H K a( n e Mare
Jloroca; r'ro6yc; paccKa3
6axrauoe, pa3Hblx BLIAoB qanell),
,,rr.rKaHoB,
<flrnquri ropoA Ha AepeBbflx>> 143 KHHrH <<SKonoruq B Kaprl'lHKax>>'
xoA 3aHrrl'tfl
flpurvlePHbIfi
tII4Taer
-n
qacma.
paccKa3, IloKa3blBaer Ha uo6yBocnurare.nb
I
qreHuq
KapTHHKH c aao6paxeAcrpaxaul,
ropoA
Bolry,
xoAy
ce rlo
Hr{eM nTuq, xHByulHX B SarroBeAHtrxe. flo }KeJraHr,lroAereli Mo)KeT BTOpoii pas npoqHrarb paccKa3. 3areru yroqHfer efo rroHHMaHue, 3aAaBaq
119

Boflpocbr: rtro raKoe 3arroBeAHHK?Karae qeHHbre xuBorHbre v nru.
ubl x(r,rByre AcrpaxaucKoM 3arroBeAuuxe?Hro 6y4er c [THr{aMr], ecJtH HX ue 6y4yr oxpauarl?
2-n ,lacmo. !,eru pucylor r4JrJrrocrpau,Hu
K paccKa3y, Boc[r,rrareJrb
noMoraeT: AaeT KapTHHKU4Jlfl,Cpr4COBbrBaHLrfl,
COBeTyeT,KaK pacnopr4CyHoK,H T. A.
JIOXLTTb
3aHcrlre. Mofi po4Hofr xpafi: sa[oBeAHbte Mecra
H naMcTHHKr.rflp]tpoAbl
lIporpaMMHoe
coAep)KaHHe. I-IosHaxor4vru
Aerelic oAHaM-AByMrr3arroBeAHHKaMH,
naMrrrHVKaMHnpupoAbr ceoefi reppr.rropaa, ceoefi MecrHocru. floxagarl, r{To Ha ueri qeHHoro, rtro oxpaHflercs. BocnurbrBarb qyBcrBo fopAocrr.tH co[puqacrHocru K lrpapoAHbrM
AocronpuMeqareJrbHocrqM poAHofo xpaa, npo6yxlarb x(eJraHue rro6rtnarn B 3THX Mecrax.
MarepuaJr K 3aHflrHro H ero opraHr.r3arIHsB
. ocnuTareJrbAoJrlKeHpas4o6url cBeAeHHflo 3anoBeAHbrxMecrax caoefi repparoprrn H HJrJrrocrparneHtrrlMarepr.raJr.3ro uoryr 6ulrn rHuru, Soroarr6onau, cnali4lr, 3aMerKH H3 )KypHa.noBH ra3er. Jho6ori MarepuaJr
Mox(er 6url ucno.nb3oBaH
AJIfl paccKa3a BocnuTarerf. EcrH 3a[oBeAHr{K pacno,ro>reH6nusxo, Mo)Ker 6urrt oprauu3oBaHaaKcKypcrrqHra
[pl-rfJlaueHbr efo corpyAHHKH, Koropue uarigyr, r{ro rroKa3arb AoruKoJrbHuKaM.Mo>xuo raK)Ke Aarb peKoMeHAaI{uupoAr,rreJrflMnoceTHTb C AeTbMH 3TH MeCTa.

Ec.ua uareplraJra MHofo, ro HaAo pyKoBoAcrBoBarbcflAByMfl rrpuHrIHrraMH:rro3HaKoMr,rrl4erefi c caMbrMH3HaMeHHTbrMH
3arroBenHbtMr,r
MecraMr4,uaH6onee 6rusxo pacnoJro)KeHHbrMr.r
K AercKoMy cagy (no
npu groM oHr4 Moryr 6rrrl rvra;louseecruuuu), qro6lr AerH Morr'tu Hx
nocerurb r.r ropArrrbcfl \1Mr4.Hanpunaep, ilepMcKHX 4ereri HaA,oo6q3arerbHo no3HaKoMHTbco 3HaMeHarbrMHKynrypcxurrru rreqepaMn,
- c yHriKaJrbHbrMu
<<Cron6avu>>,a I4pxyrcxe, a flpuKpacHoqpcKHX
6ailxanae HaAo, KoHeqHo, foBopnrl o6 osepe Barixan.
fierra MocxBbr AoJr]KHbry3Harb o Harlr4oHarbHoMlapKe <<Jlocuuuli
ocTpoB>>,pacnoJlo)KeHHOM
Ha ee TeppHTOpHH,a TaKlKe O 3HaMeHHrr,Ix sy6pax, )KuByult{xe llpaoxcxo-TeppacHoM sanoBeAHHKe
MocKoBcnoli o6.nacrr.r.OAHaKo )Kr4TeJlflM
rroAMocKoBnoforopoAKa JIo6HH eaxHee cHaqaJray3Harb o cBoeM MaJreHbKoM
3apacrar.oueMo3epe KHdeo,
qaeK, a [oToM
rAe fHe3AHTCflH3 fOAa B rOA KOJTOHH9
yHr,rKaJrbHbrx
yx(e o 3HaMeHHTbrx3arroBeAHr.rKax.
reppr-rropnfl
r,rMeer cBor.r
Kax<Aaq
TTaMflTHHKH
npnpoAbr, o HHX H AoJrlKeH[oBeAarb AerfM Bocnurarellr.
Ha arori HeAeJre(e xouqe) K AerRM nropori pa3 rrpuxoAur Afi6oJrHT, BbrflcHfler, KaK r{yBcrBy}or ce6a nepeca}KeHHbre,noApe3aHHbre
pacreHr,rf, 4aer ueo6xoAr,rMbtecoBerbr.
' MoxHo Bocno.nb3oBarbcq
creAyrourttMt-r
Marepaaraun: KHara Arr qreHHq rIo
oxpane rpapom/Cocr. A. H. 3ax.ne6sui. - M.; 1S86; ,Upoa4or H. H., Maxees A. K. )KeuuyxHusr nplpoabr - 3anoBeAHuru.- M., 1985.
120

PAEOTACIIETbMhBMAE
B arou Mecflue npopa6arueaercfl

teva

<<BoAa>>,
ocyulecrBJ'Ifler-

BbltlBd'leHHeypoBHt HX 3KOcfl 3aKJrroqHTeJlbHagAHaIHOCTHKaAeTeI4
TOIHI{CCKOfi BOCIIHTAHHOCTI,I.
Bo npeua nporyJloK B TenJlble AHI'I BocnHTareJIb c AerbMH ocMarpHBaeTpa3HbleMecraHaTeppHTopl'II'lAercKofocaAa'oTbIcKI'lBaeT
nor{eMy B oAcyxHe flecqaHble H |JIHHHCTbIe C JIy)KaMI'I, o6cyx4aer,
MeBcTpeqaloTcfl
Ecra
eoAa.
HHX Mecrax cyxo, a B ApyfHx Aep)Kxrcfl
qTO 3TO XOcTa c r{epHofi seN4reti, BocrrHTaTeJrbHarroMHHaeT O TOM,
TII,ITATCJIbHA'INOqBA.
DOIIAfl
Muoro BpeMeHH B oroM Mecsu,e yAeJlflercr HrpaM B lecoqHuuax.
(xenruit
!,eru no4poinr.r, uoryr Ha3Barb ocHoBHbre cBoricrBa rrecKa
cuny'rr'rri), Moryr onpeAerl'lrb, KofAa
uru cepuli, cyxoir unu uoxpltti,
IIpoefo HaAo rroJrr,rrb, a KorAa oH rIpHroAeH AJ]fl Hrpbr. Bocnurare,lb
u
OoblfpblKyruqItKLI
c
necKoM:
pe6nr
HfpaM
yr{Hrb
AeJlaTb
AOJr)Kaer
Barb Hx c KyKJIaMH. Aern Ae.narcr xopouHe I'I3rOpoAI'l' pa3Meulalor Ha
oropo)KeHHbIX Mecrax xHBorHbIX (soonapx, cKorHbIIi ABop 14np.), rraaxyxo.nox (Aercxr.rii CaA). AourroJIbHI'IKH yrlarcf
uruHsr (anrocroaura),
AeJrarb AoMa, fopKN. BOCnnrarerb o6yqaeT I'tx HcfIoJIb3oBaTb B CTpouTeJrbcTBe coBKI,I, JIOnaTbI, AOUIeqKU, o6paulaer BHI' IMaHI4eHa rlpoqHOCTb nocrpofirn.
AoCrapuue
AouKoJIbHI,tKH AeJlalor caMble pa3Hble coopyxeHufl'
Ma pa3JlrlqHori xoucrpyKl-u4l'I c MHoTI4MI'I BxoAaMH' fapa)Ku Atrq HecKoJIbKHX MaIUHH, Aoporl4, orpaxAeHHfl, Mocrbl. Oco6oe BHI{MaHHe
BOC[r,rTaTeJIl O6paulaer Ha HCIIOJIb39BaHHSAeTbMH ;I9ACOOHOTOMaTepvaila (aoufe.{xu, KaproHKH, t<opo6rl, naJIKH, xarraun). CneuuanlHoe
BHnMaHHe lleAafof y4eflqeT o6blfpblBaHulo IIOcTpoeK, yql4r Aerefi 6ec HHMI4(ee4l necox cutnylr'rti' flo?ToMy nocrpotipe)KHo o6pauarbcr
KH Henpor{Hu), 6urs BHI{MareJIbHbIMHK COCeAAMrl0 Hrpe.
B oAng us A,Heti Mexgy MaJIbt{l'lKaMH H AeBoqKaMI{ IIpoBoAHTcfl
KoHKypc Ha Jryqruyru nocrpofixy (Aeua crponr B pa3HbIX necouuuqax).
oueB >r<loilu npprfJlauralorcn pe6ara r'rs 4pyroir rpynnbl. Coopyxenufl
KOIO
CTpOtlr'
('{TO
cIo)KeT
AJIfl
rlapaMerpaM:
CJIe,[ynUIHM
fIO
HHBaTOT
crpoar); fipor{Hocrb nocrpotixtj (He pyuturcfl, He ocblrlaerct); BKJITOqeHr{e r
MarepaaJla (Aoureqex, xopo6or
6pocoeoro
nocrpofrry
pa6-ora, IIoMe>K,ry
H r. A.); AoroBopeHHocrb
AerbMH, xolnexruriHafl
flo acetl
Mou{b Apyf Apyry; BbtuyMKa (.nro6ue HHrepecHble uoueuru).
3THM [apaMeTpaM BocnHTaTeJIb 3aloTaBJIHBaeT KapToqKH' HarlpHMep
cuHue A.nq oAHotl KoMaHAbI H Kpacnble 4nn 4pyroil- Ha rax,qoli rapqro 3Ta HafpaAa (naTOr{Ke HaIIHcaHo fletlarHblMH 6yrcAaUU,3a
<<3a appx6y>
<-<3a
nugytt'lKy>>,
<<3a nurepecHblft clo>Ker>>,
[puMep,
ua6.nl'oAaI'l
Bocnurareno
x(lopu
MHH,
25-30
14 T. A.). !,erarr,I A,aercfl
ol{eHnlor 3a rrpoqeccoM crpotlreJlbHoli urpu. flo orou'{aHuIl xfPl
BaeT KapTot{KaMn pe3yJIbTaTbI Ka)KAoH KoMaH.II.bI'HMeIoUleH Ha3BaHI,Ie
H KOMaHAr.rpa.flo6eArarerqM BpyqaeTcfl 3apaHee noAfoToBJreHuuti uolIoA o6ulne arrJroAncMeHrbr oHr4 AeJIaIor
uarepnan.
nufi 6pocoeufi
KOV| [Or{eTa.
121

B corue,{HsteAHHBocrruTareJlbo6paqaer BHHMaHHe
4ereri ua reHt
or npeAMeroB- ee pa3HyroQopMy, pasMepbr,npHBq3aHHocrbK rrpeAvery. Bocnlrrarer'rb npoBoAHT c AerbMr,t cMeuHbre urpu: <<V6err4or
<floAuuuu reHb)>,<<Cnpl.rlca or reHu>),<<OrraAafi,qbf reHb>>,
TeHH>>,
noBTopqer Ha6nroAeHuq3a nepeMeuieHlreMTeHr4,AeJraer coJrHerrHbte
uacrt (xax aro 6lr.no e ceura6pe, oxrn6pe).
B erona Mecflrle AerH MHofo ryrqror H Mofyr BuAerb caMbrx pa3JruqHbtxHaceKoMbrx:>KyKoB,Ky3Her{HKOB,
MypaBbeB,MyX, nVe.n, 6a6or{ex. tr4M, xoHe.{Ho, r4HTepecHoHa6rnAarb nopxarcu{nfi u;ul crpeuurenrgrrri [o,'rer, MacKupoBor]HyrouJru npeAocreperarcrlyro oKpacKy
H MHoroe Apyroe. Bocnurarenb nooutpfler caMocroflTeJrbHbre
ua6nroAeHHfl Aereri.
nEPBAt

HElqEnt

Bocnurare.nb rro-ilpe>KHeMynpoBo4ur uH1r4Br41yaJrbHyro
pa6ory c
AelKypHbrMHfro yfoJrKy npupoAbr: yqr-rr Hx yAeJrrrrboco6oe BHHMaHr.re
6o,renquu pacreHuqM (nepecaxeuHbrM, rroApesauutru), yr{Hr olpenorpe6nocru.
Ae,'Irrb r.r yrruTbrBarb HX cocroflHae, r4HAHBHIyaJrbHbre
Ha6.nrc4eHne3a Marb-u-Maqexofi l,t oAyBaHqnron'r(l)
l - l e . r rl . O 6 s a p y > K H T bH 3 M e H e H r . rBq c o c r o r H H t i M a r b - H - M a q e x r 4( n o R n n e u H e n y r u KoB-ceMqH, Haqa,'ro orpacraHua .lucruen), cpaBHHTbc noflBJrflroulHMr.rcs
rlBeraMu oAyB a H ' l H K a .B b r s B H T hf a 3 r h q i l e H c x o ! . c r B o p a c r e H u i l .

3aHqrne.

Kor*ry nyx<Ha soAa?

flporpaMMHoe
c o A e p x { a H H e . V r o q H u r r c A e r b M r .[rp e A c r a B JreHue o roM, rrro BoAa oqeHb ueHHurri rrpoAyKT. Oua uy>xua eceu
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122

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11

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Ha BoAa. Bonpocu: rrro MbI 3HaeM npo eo4y? Kaxaq oua? -(ouy oua
Hy>KHa? 3a.{eN,I BoAa pacreHr'rqM? Kax--oHI4 ee no.nyuarcr? Hy>xHa ln
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123

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| ("erut
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u sy6Hofi loporxoK, a rycroli rpe6elroxl
lanarire )Ke Mbrrbcfl, nJrecKarbcr,
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c nyTu cMeTar cop r4 nbrJlr,,
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floxox Ha lralicxoro )KyKa ycbr H KpyrJrbre 6oxa.
Ja HUM cpeAfi pyqbeB H r'lylK ryaHT, r[yMHr MauHHa_Iyur.

'. Craxoreopeuue
us c6opuaxa <<Ma,rrcrxa> (Crlrra{epono"rl, lg64).
'Thpr ><e.
3 cruxore^o_p-euuens
c6opHr,xa <<Po4uoe cJroBo>>(Kur.rra 4nn qreHr,, B I x.iracce. M., 1970).
{ TatlI xe.
124

Ilporuaa, KaK ryqa Ao)I{aeBafl'
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125

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126

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127

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O Heri u paccKaxer re6e sra KHilxKa.

Paccxas l. V.qnnnrerbHac rporyJrKa
Llle.r s xax-ro secsofi no .necy. V><e rpaBa 3eJreueJra,Ha AepeBbflx pa3BepHyJl..rcb
MeJrKHerilc"tvtKvt, a cHef MoxHo 6sr.lo yeu4ert roJrrKo B cavofi r.lyxouaua. Xo4un a,
xoAfin, a noroM [pHJref orAoxHyrb Ha flpnropKe y crapoli cocusr. Co,ruqe nplrpeBaer, nepBaq BeceHHflfl 6a6oqxa-luruoHHuqa HaA .ny>xafirorlrKpy)Kurcq. Xoporuo!
Bapyr eu>xy noA BbrBopoqeHHbrM
aepeBoM [leBelfiTcr qro-To cBer,'roe u 6olnruoe. flpnnna4ercfl a ero 6e.[aq MeABeAr.rua
ns 6ep,roru Bblr're3aer.Lllepcru y uee
Aaxe He 6enaq, a rryrb )(eJlroBararr, ToJlbKo uoc ueputrri. Pn4ou ue4eexoHoK Konoltutcs. f THxoHr,Koc npnropKa cJte3 n Hy yAHparb, noKa He 3aMerHJlH.Bu6pa.ncr Ha Aopory, a prAoM, ua4 6epeaalru, xax 6yAro ofpoMHbre cepble 3Mer{ etrcrcn. .Ila
9To BoBce He 3MeH, aro xo6otu croHoe! O6,ravuearor cJroHbrBerKn n >Kylor, Ha MeHfl CBepXy BHH3 ilOfrqAbrBaroT.
l{.uy aa.nrue, K perrKe, a s Heft KaKoe-To 3eJreHoe6penuo.nextr. To.ntxo HarHy,rct BoAbt tronarb, r.ln4r, 6pesuo-To c fra3aMu, H rJra3a 3Trj lra MeHr clrorpnr. Kpoxoarar!
floue,r q cHoBa no aopofe. Ba>ry JrelKur Ha 3eMre ruau.rKa. f ee noaHn,'r r.r
B e,,rKy3anycrr.r.n.Orryaa B orBer qe.ruri rpa4 H3 lurrtrreK. B qelr .qe,ro? Aa s roM,
qro Ha eJrKe craq o6essfiH. CaMaq 6orl[raq o6eslsHa et,r6pa.ta lrnrxKy r]orrxe,'ree,
H3JloBqfi,'lacbu 6au! N,rueB no6...Tyr n H npocHyJrcl. ,Ilexy Ha npufopKe no4 cocuoli, a uaao vrsofi Ha BerKe
npbrraer 6e,rxa. HaeepHo, oHa Ha MeHR r.t ruuurKy ypoHHJra.
Jlexy n u AyMan: a BeAb )KaJKo, qro Her B Hatrtrix Jrecax HLi cJloHoB, Hu o6e3bflH, HH 6e.nsrx ue4ee4eft. Aa r.r KpoKoAuJra Ha Bor're 6bt.no 6u HHTepecHoyBr.rAerb.
To.nlxo ue Boarrcr y Hac 9TH )KHBorHL,le.A nouervry?

Paccras 2. fiovenry 6e.lule MeABeAHHe )KuByr a .lecy?
qro6H e arou paso6parbcfl, BcnoMHlrM, fAe oHk o6nram pr qro eAr{T.6e,rui ueAae4n 6po4ur cpeAn noJtrrpHbrxJrbAoB,oH oxorurcfl na rrcneueri. flo46epercn K ,'ryHKe,
qepe3 Koropyrc Tro,reH6 noA J'reAHbrpHyJr,H )KAer. Bce noxpyr 6e.toe, u NrcAueAn6e.rrtfi, eor ero H He on4uo. Bu;re:er rroJreHb Ha Jrea, MeaBeab ero nanorl x"rron! A
JIaIIa Tq)KeIas. KofTH .u]I4HHbIe.-.
A xax y Hac npoKopMurscn 6enorr.ryveaeeAro? [a HHxax. flr'o4, opexoe u KopeHbeB oH He ecr, a rxlreHu B Jlecax He BoAflTcfl. VI 6enas ury6a euy ryr HH K qeMy B Jlecy ee H3AaJrHaHAHO.
Hy a uor.nu 6u y Hac x<llrt, c.nosu? Jleronr, HaBepHoe, xBaruJro 6H uM eerox u
TpaBbr, Ho eor sun4ori B Ha[rhx Kpaflx HM ecrb Heqero- flepenra roJ'rbre,TpaBa rroa
cHeroM. [a u uopoaoB HM He BHAepxarb Beab rxepcru y c,'lonoB uer. OHu roxHbre )KHBorHbre u o6urarcr raM, rAe BcefAa renJto, rAe xpyr.nuri foA MHoro BKycsoii, coquoii 3eJreHrl.
I flpauo4nrcn c HeKoropblMn coKpauleHr.tflMano H3.rl,aHr.rrc:
TaHacxfluyx B. 3ro;ro
r r . r f l B K a p r H H K a x .M., 1989.

135

To xe cauoe c o6egrRHaua. Vx e4a nJroAbr,KopeHrrq, MoJIoAbreJrucrbs, yJrHTKr.r, HaceKoMbre.3arraoii HHqeto 3Tofo B Hau[.tx Jlecax He uaft4eur,, 4a u uy6euxa y
MaprbrueK He oqeHb re[Jrafl. or uoqnofi [poxJlaAL'r n a$puxaacxoM J]ecy oHa 3aulHTr.rr, a or Mopo3oB He cnacer. He4aponr efiMoti e 3oonapKax BcerAa or{eHb xopouo
nporanfl HBaror o6ealquHLtxn.
oHH B TenJlbtx peKax H o3epax, xoJroA. O xpoxo4r-r.naxH foBopuTb Heqero. {ueyr
uoft no4u repnerb He MoryT, JIbAa H B ruraga He BHAaJTH.He eH>Klts KpoKoAH.[y y
Hac.
Xorr u no-pa3HoMy xunyr 6entre MeABeALt,cJroHbrt o6eauusr, Bce oHr.tHe npr4cnoco6.neuu K >KH3HLIB Ha[rUX rpaRx. 3Havur, )KHBorHbreAorxHrrr 6urn npucnoco6JreHbrK TeM MecraM, fAe oHu o6uraror? Coeeprueuuo nepuo- Bor H nofoBopHM o rex,
KTO npnBbrqeH r uaurefi npHpoAe, HarxeMy K"lHMary. Haqseu c caMbrx o6urrHonessux
JIrrylxeK.

Paccxas 3. Fae 3nMyxrr .reryrurn?
Caruoe rpyauoe BpeMq .LlIq Hauax )Kr.tBorHbrx 3To 3HMa c ee xo.lloAaprs. Kar
or HHx cnacrHcl? Mnonne nrr.rrrbryreraror Ha Iof, rAe Mopo3oB He 6lrsaer. MeAeeAr.r
Bcro 3HMy cnflT B cBoux 6ep.norax. Hy a .nnryruxt?
_ KorAa npaxoAHr oceHb, oHr.t HUryr yKpoMHoe MecreqKo, r4e-ua6y4r B lpyAy HJrH
6olore, sa6usarorcq rny6oxo B HJr H 3acbularcT Ha Bcro 3HMy. I4:r,or/.a oHI,rAa)r(e !poMep3arcT H craHoBqrcq rBepAbrMH, KaK JreAbllxKu. Ho npr-rnpeer eecuoli coaHqe, pacTonI4TJIeA' H rqryIxKH To)Ke orofpercTcq, Bbue3yr Hapy)Ky H HaqHyr cBoH KoHlleprbt.
3uaunr, rqryuKa lpr.rcnoco6.neuu x "saurefi 3HMe, noroMy oHa Arq HHx r He crpauHa.
I( uerr,tyeqe npucfloco6,reuu laryruxu, KpoMe rluuara? [a x eo4e, Hanepno, rsr
H e p a 3 B H A e n , K a K J t e ) r { H TJ t r t r y u K a n o a e e n o B e p x H o c T b r op, a c K H H y B, l a I I K H , TaK,
qro cHapyxH ToJrbKo Hoc H fra3a. Jle>xur, HocoM
abrrxHT, a ',Jta3aMHBoKpyr. flocMarpuBaer u e r l u x a x o i i o n a c H o c r H . v e n A l r r r e 6 n , r p e 6 u e r n e p e n o u v a r i r r l 1 A: 1 , a n a M 4
x cnprqeTcfl Ha AHe.
A ecrs .na vro-url6yar o6qee y nflryuKn, KpoKoaxJra u 6ereuora? Ha nepeufi
B3urrA HHqefo. Jlnryura MareHbKaq, fipbrrKar x Hr4KoMy,KpoMe Myx, He crpauHa. Kpoxoau,r 60nr,urofi r.r ay6acruri, ou roexHri oxorHHK. Eererrror orponaur,rri,neno.H
nopor.nuestfi
ecr rpaBy. Ho sce oHH xfiayr B BoAe, rrc6qt ae)xarl y ee loBepxHocru. luruaru
HM B aro ,e-perrarHa4o? HaAo. Iloarouy y HHx uaa soAofi tsilcrynarcT
TOr'lbKOfra3a r.r Ho_3ApH.14 aro norouy, qro Bce oHH rrpucnoco6.neusr x xxsHr.r y lloBepxHocrl't eo4u- vueuue AaBHo 3aMerxJrfi, r{To ecJlfi pa3Hbre xHBorHbre Beryr oAtrHaxonuri o6pas )Krl3HH, To oHr.rcraHoBrrcs noxox<ltMa Apyr Ha Apyra.

Paccxas 4. Cnenue 3euJreKonbl
Ecrl 3BepbKH, KoTopbre >KHByrnoA ser,rreti H HHKofaa He BblJre3arorH3 cBoux Hop.
_
Bcrc xuaul oHI{ Konalor 3eMJIIo,rrpoxJraAblBarcT
6ecxoneqgore ra"{epeq H roHnenq. r{io
vM 1;r.tr eroro uy>xuo? KoHe.{}ro, Jlorrara.
flocuorpu'Ha Kpora - nepeAHne Jranbr y Hefo cuJrbHbre,JraAo[Ka urupoxne. Heu
se ronaru? I'Iutl oH u orrpe6aer 3eMJrroB cropoHbr. Jlnuluroro 3eMJrlo, Koroparr eMy
Merrraerr rpor eu6paclrBaer Ha rroBepxHocrb noqAarorcfl KporoBr4Hbr,KyqKH 3eMJIr.{Ha ,Iyry.
A n AQpuxe no4 sem.nefi >xneer 4pyroft 3BepeK. Haurer'ry Kpory oH coBceM He
poAHfl, Ho oqeHr, Ha Hefo floxox(. lllepcr.r y Heno orrHriaer xe,trbrM 6aecxom, noaroMy Ha3BaJrr4
ero 3JraroKpor. Ero nepe4uue Jlanbr roxe pa6oraor KaK Jronarbl. Ho ratu,
rAe BoAq-Tcq3JraroKportt, 3eMrq )KecrKaq, s Heri MHofo MeJTKHX
ocrpbrx KaMeuIKoBure6us. Kpor c eno MqrKr.iMHJraAouKaMH cKBo3b raKyro 3eMJrroHe iuor 6lr npo6urrcq, a 3raroKpor s Herl nepeABHraercq AoBoJrr,Ho6urcrpo. floveuy aro eMy yAaercn?
.[a nororray, qro Ha nepeAHux JrarrKaxy Hero orpoMHbre H rxlrpoKHe xorru.-14-I{}r-ro a
poer 3eMJrro3JraroKpor. Tax .iro Jlonarbr y Hero He flpocrbre, a oco6eusue.
14 s aaJexofi Ancrpalul
ecrt csofi no4seuuufi x<areJlb cyuvaruft xpor. 3evrJli raM x(ecrKaq, KaMeHHcrar, ll y Hero Ha J'rarrKax,KaK y 3JraroKpora, oueun 6o,ts_
[rHe H rxHpoKlte Kor-TH,qro6br MoxHo 6u.no npopunarbcf cKBo3b raKy]o 3eMJlto.
He po4crneuuaKH Apyf apyry 3TH 3BepbKH r.r o6urarcr Ha pasuui MaTepHKax, a
- KaK CXO)KHt..tX.nanu!
136

EcTr y arux )KHBorHbrxeure oAHo o6uee ceoficrso. l,l y Halrlero Kpora, H y 3JranOACIenOBaTbleH nOqTH HHqefO He BUAqT, a y CyMqaTOro
TOKpOTarJra3KHKpOXOTHbIe,
Kpora f,'ra3 soo6ure uer. flo.reruy? [a norolry, qro noA ser4reft Bcefaa reMHo. Kax su
Bce paBHo HHLIero He yBlral.tlxb. OrHcxfiearo aopory lt HaxoAHTb trutr(y raM
cMorpu npHXoAHTCTnO 3anaxy vnw Ha ou{ynb, BoT H He Hyx<Hbl noA3eMHbIM xUTeJItM lJla3a.
9err,r xe o6racuurs, rrro oHr.rraK noxo)Ka Apyr Ha apyra? .Ila HMeHHo reM, qro
Bce oHH Be.[yr oArrHaKoeHli, ttoaseraHrui o6pas xLt3HH x o'reHb xopoluo K HeMy nprcnoco6.nesrr.

Paccxas 5. fAe y caKcayJla Jlncrbfl?
PacreHnq roxe npficfioco6neHst K cBoHM, npuBblttHblM.trtrt HHX ycnoauRu. Ecrl
caKcay,'r. Ha ueu He BhAHo ,'lncrbeB, ToJIbKo Macca ToHKHX3ereHbtx
TaKoe aepeBo BeroqeK, TaK rrro or aepeBa IIot{TIaHer reHa. Ho ecJIH nocMorpullb Ha BeroqKy no3To H ecrb JIHBHfiMareJrbHee,To yBl.tAuurbsa sefi maaegbKl4e3eJIeHbIeveuyfixu crus. 3a.reNrraKue rrlcrbq caxcay.ny? Arq roro, vro6rt 6epeul^no4y. C 6o'nr,uux .nupacTeHHe
MaJIo. LaKcayJl cTbeB BoAbr HcnapfleTcf MHofo, a c KpoxoTHblx nycrbrHHoe, a c soaori B nycrbrHe rpyAHo, oHa yKpHTa r.ny6oxo noA necKoM. Eae-e.te
Aorrrr.rBarorcn ao Hee ,4IIHHHbIeKopHI-t caKcay,ra. A 6tarogapt cBoHM KpoxorHblM JlI.lcrbqM 3To aepetso Mo)Ker )KHTb B taxofi xape, e raxoti cyxocrlt, s raxoft apyrHe AepeBbfl HH 3a r{To He Bbr)Kr.rByr.
Bce pacreHlrq u >xuBorHble
Bor u ysua,n rbr oqeHb gaxHstti 3aKoH npHpoAbl B TeX MeCTaX,K KOTOpbIMOHH npHCI]OCO6reHbl,rAe oHH qyBcTByMOryT XHTb TO,'IF,KO
IroA3eMenbe, A.rlt
aro npyA, &rtq Kpora ror ce6q KaK AoMa. ,II,,rR .naryuxu AoM nycTblHfl.
caKcayJrz -

Paccxas 6. [enovxu

B Jlecy

A reneps 3arrqHeM c ro6ofi e rec. Ha nepauft B3rrqA oH Kaxercq nycrblM oAHu aepeBbr. Ou He cpaey orKpoer nepe4 ro6ott cBoH ceKperbl, Ho KorAa rbt xopoueHbKo npucMorpurxbct K HeMy, ro nofilteruu, qro oH IIoJIoH )(H3HLI H noxo)K Ha orpouHufi AoM, 3ace,'reHHrtii NaHo>xecrsoM
x(HJIb[oB. Onu qe6evyr, nepecBl'IcrblBarcTcfl,
nfiqar, pbrqar. V rax<Aoro B ?ToM AoMe ecrb cBoe Mecro H cBoe AeJro.
noeAarb Jficrbq. florser oHa
V ryceHuqst Mecro Ha ,'IHcrKe. [eno y Hee oAHo rro KpaeuKy Jtucra u Brpbr3aercn B Hero ocrpblMu qeJIrccrrMI.I.Ecru npnc.nyu:art,ca,
aaxe xpycT cJIbIrrIHo.
Ha eeu,re reM )Ke caMbtM 3aHaMaerct MbItrKa. Cre.na rpaaunxy, Apyryro. Iloronr
Haura KoJrocox, nonpo6oeara, cne.nr,rftJIH, L norauH,ta B HopKy npo 3anac. A e creo[ponH,'IuBaer csoft xoA JlHqI.tHKa>xyxa-ycava. Ee
re aepeBa, no4 xopoli, flpoeaaer He HHTepecynr Jrr.rcrbnH TpaBa, oHa ApeBecuHofi iluraercq.
Macca scqrfix MeJIKr4xr.r KpyrrHbrx xl.tBorHblx fioeAalor rpaBy, rl-Icrbq, Kopy aepeBa, a y>x o ceMeHax, opexax Aa xe,'tyAqx I.i roBopHTb Heqero. H raxercn, ec"rtfiAarb
oHH BeCb .[eC CrreAqr!
ryCeHllqaM, xyKaM Aa Mbl[IaM BO,!rc
To,rrxo He cryqr.rrcq 3Tofo, HliKTo uu raxofi BoJII{ He Aacr. Oqeul MHoro rJIa3 3a
HuMH npr4fJlflAbtBaor.llpo6exa.na no BerKe cHHHr{Ka,MLIMoxoAoMryceHlrlry - qan! H rroHecfla B rHe3Ao, nreHuoB KopMI4Tb.Cxo.ttrsuy,ra B TpaBe JIacKa, HblpHyJla B MbIr.r Her uuuru. A Ha AepeBe AflTe,'I HaKJIoHHn roJloBy, np[cJlyuaJlcfl,
urfiHyro HopKy coBceM KaK AoKTop, u cran got6urb AblpKy. Bsttauu.n JIHqHHKyycaqa, a osa 6oanu.Iar, BKycHarr.He spn crapaJrcs.
Ho a sa cHHHrraMr4,,racKaMH, rflTraMH apyrue oxorHHKH cJIeAflT,noxpynuee. CuHHq r.r ArrrJroBroBqr coKoJtbl n ncrpe6u, JIacKy Hoqblo coBa Moxer noAxBaruTb.
14 no.ny.raercr, r{To Bce JrecHble)KureJ'raApyr or Apyfa 3aBgctr. fcrpe6arv He npo6es ryceHaq, ryceHnuaM .- 6e3 nl.IcrbeB, BceM BMecxurr 6es cHHHrl, cnHrlqaM re 6es reca.
aro coo6qecr:so pacreuuii tt )KHBorBor yveHue-eKor'loru roBopqr, qro JIec Hbrx, Koropbte cBq3aqLJApyr c apyfoM coBceM KaK 3BeHbtt B tl.enoqKe. V.IeIIbIe Hag[,]TIHIIIEBA'IUENOqKA.
BAIOTEE 3To caM JIec, ero pacreHl,ttl
OcHoeaHHe nfiu{eBbrx qefioqeK, Hx nepBoe 3BeHo co BceMH lrx JrucrbsMr,r,nJroAaMa, troAaMlr, TTHIUKaMH.Bropoe 3BeHo B qenottKax Bce re, KTo [HTaerct pacreHLItMI.I. 3ro ryceHnqul Lt Mtrrun, safiqH I.{ 6enxu u taxue
6o"rrurue 3Bepu, KaK oJIeHIt H xa6agu.

137

Tperle seeuo oxorHHKH, caMbre pa3Hbre. Tyr I lre,roub Bpoae xyKoB-Kpacore,'loB Hcrpe6ure,reri ryceHnrl. )Ka6lr c JrrryrxKaMr.tro)<e 3Aecb oHlt He Aaror

C,IIj3H'KAM H MYXAM CNYCXY. TY-r H MHOX(CCTBO ME,'IKHX IITI4II OHA JIOB'T MCIIKHX
HaceKoMbrx r.l l-tx JrHr{r.iHoK. 3aecs H JracKH, r KyHHrlbl, Lr r4ca cBepxy BHa3 Ha Mblueli Aa saiiqen norna4Hearcr.
I4 Bce 3Tr.r xr.rBorHbre floeaaK)r rex, KTo KopMxrcq pacTEHHqMI-I,
qerBeproe
A eule eotulte 3BeHo nuureBofi qenovxlr.
3ro re xuulHbre lrr.r-tr,r H
3Beplr, Koropble Moryr oxorr.rrbcq h Ha oxorHHKon: ncrpe6sr, coBbr, BoJrKtz, pucu. Muo)KecrBo raKlrx UeloqeK B r'Iecy, t'iMH c-qelllleHbl Apyf c ApyfoM 3BepH, nrHqbt, HaceKoMne, pacreHnfl. Or4e,rtuo
Apyr or Apyra uM He npo)Knrb.
Teneps npunr.to BpeMq eanolrslrl
eropori oueHs sax<Frstfi 3aKoH: B rrpupoAe Hli
xHBorHbre, HH pacreHHq He Moryr xurr,
caMH no ce6e. Ouu xnnyr
n coo6ulecrre
c
ApyfHMr.t )KHBOTHbTMHH paCTeHHqMr.i.

Paccxas 7. Hern4nnrbre Becbl

Kaxue xe 3BeHbq B JlecHbrx uelor]Kax caMbre BaxHbre, caMbre r.[asH[,re? Moxer
6urs, nepxuue, Koropble 3aHrrbl 6o.nlulzlr.ll H cr.tJrbHbrMl.r
aeepRlru? MeAeeAl no recy HAer xo3qr.tHoM,Bce eMy Aopory ycrynator. Bonxa roxe 3BepH cepbe3Hbre, oHH aaxe ,rocq c ero MoryqHMH pofaMrl oAoreror. Jlto4u u re no6afieaxlrcq BorKots aa Me.4geAefi.
A ltoxer 6urrr, caltore fJlaBHbre3BeHbfl rlnrlreBbrx l{enoqeK 3To JlecHbre caHHTapbr, cHHl.trlbr4a 4Rrnlr? Ouu co6uparcT c AepeBbeB ryceHHu H BpeaHblx JrHqr{HOK,
6eg s_ux Jrec nponaAer. Aasail nonpo6yeu n arou paeo6parscl.
Kouqu,racr, 3HMa, 3a3er'reHeJra
rpaBa, u Ha AepeBbflx pacflycrl-lJrrlcbnoqxu. Becsa
B caMoM pa3rape. 14 a4pyr ynap4Jr4 3aMopo3Kr.t.B o4uy Horrb rpaBa cra,ra >xe,rroi, a
MoJIoAHe ilvcTLtKu Ha BeTKax cBepHyr'IHcb lt rIo)Kyx,iIH. KorAa csoea noTerrJle!'ro,,'lec oI]paBr.r,'rcqHe cpa3y. floronay lr qBeroB B ror roA 6srao ma,ro, u flroa, u opexoe. Meutttlte, qeM o6stvuo, 6urno Hacexoltblx or gTofo craro foJIoAHo CLIHLIITaM,
ft6ltgJl3HrM,
crpH)KaM, H He Bcex rrreHrloB HM yAa,'locr, BblKopMHTb-.Ilaxe nnlrrueii y6aeu,roct. A
KOfAa B Jrecy Ma,ro flTHrl H Mr'rrllei
xl4luHhKr.] To>l(e foJloAarcr. Tpy4utrri roa BHAa,'rcr A"'rtrJ'recHblxxureneii, ueypo>xafiunfi.
3aro cre4ynuluir.oxaeancfl, 4o6puu, Hso6n,'ruHnr4..Tpaelr, rro4 u rpu6oe 6uno
BAoBo,'rF,,
eAbl xBaraJ'ro u fyceHHrlaM, l.l MbrruaM, u 6e,rxalt, a 3Haqnr,6trnu clrrsr
cHHr.rrlbr,JrHcbl H ncrpe6u. MeaeeAs ro)Ke xoporllo orKopMH,'rcq, MHoro xHpa HaKonuJ Ha BcIo 3HMy XBaTHT.
Bor rax xax<Anri foA KaK 6y4ro Heeu4uMbre uecbl KarrarcTcq B Jrecy. To oasa
qaura nepeBecr.ir, To apyfal. B o4an roA )KeJry/lH xoporxo Bbt3petor. 3Haqr4T,
6yAer uro ecrn coiixalr. B apylofr foA opexu I rpu6u ypoAqrcn 6e;rrau xoporxo.
B rperuri rru xe,ryaefi, HH opexoB, HH qroA BceM n'necy rr,roxo. A nor.on, r-;rn/xliltrb, cHoBa ypo>xafiHne ro4u. vuettre foBopsr - npnpoAa HaxoAhrcn B noABHIKHOM
paBHoBecl.tH.
A xaroe 3BeHo ts ,'IecHbtx IHUIeBL,IX qenoqKax r,[aeHo€ Tbt, KoHeqHO, yxe
aofaAaJlcq. caN.roe r,raeFroe, fiepBoe 3tseHo pacreHHq. or sux 3aBucHT xn3Hb BCeX
,'recrrbrx o6urare"uer.t. Pacreuus
nepBoe, caMoe Ba>KHoe 3BeHo B finuleBblx
IenortKax.

Paccxag 8. Bepun 6es uyrrla
Aa.ncxo rra ceBepe uautefi crpaust re)Klr orpoMHar 6esrecHas paBHtHa TyHApa. raM )KI]Byr oqeHb 3aHqrHble 3BepL,KH- "'IeMMuHrtz,noxoxHe Ha KpyrtHLIXI.t roJrcrux utrLueii c KoporKHMH xBocraKaMH. E4Rr ,reulrrznru rpaBy, rpu6sr, nuurariulrxu.
Xneyr oHu B HopKax, a KopMHTbcfl Br,rxoAtr K Beqepy.
Ho o o4rro npeKpaclioe Jrero c HHMrznpoucxo4zr qro-To crpaHHoe. JleMvuHros
craHoBurcq ropa3Ao 6o,rlue, qeu o6urqHo. I( ocenu oHH cGeAalor Bcro rpaBy, Bce fpu6r,r, -nouru sce nauaiiulrxu. Ogu y)Ke He nprLryrcs, uao6opor oHr.rl*troro ue 6onrcn n xpa6po 6pocar0rca Ha noAXoAqxlHXK HHM ,rrcAefi u xt4BorHbrx. I,I uaxoseu.
6yAro rro KoMaHAe, oHr.rorrrpaBJrrrorcr B noxoa.
3eepsxH rroKpr,rBarorBclo ryHApy KaK pbt)KeBaro-6ypr,lti KoBep, r4 KoBep ?Tor ABrjxercq. Jler4[4r4uru6eryr, He ocraHaBJrHBarcbHa oraux.3a uunau c.nerryor necqtr, uo.,,rKX, XHt(Hbre nraqu. llro6lt noiiruars 4o6lr.ry, HM yxe He HylKHLttJroBXoCTbtt oxorHll138

qbn cHopoBKa - ao6uqa caMa HAer B nacrlt Lt KJIIoBbI.Bcrperurcn peKa - JIeMMnHn,rblByr H llepe3 Hefo.
rH ee nepenJlbrBarcT,oKaxercfl Ha nyru wtopcxoft 3aJIHB B 3Tor yal'tBt'lre.nlsuii noxo4? flpocro-HanpoornpaBHJILtcL,
tlovertay )Ke ,'IeMMHHTH
cro B ryHApe 6u.no uecxo,rrKo renJlbrx rer noapqA. B rarue ro4oI 6unaer oco6esso
>KI.IByrcbtrHo a aerensluefi y HHx poxAaercf ocoMHofo rpaBbr I rpu6on, JIeMMLtHfI.i
6esso usoro. Ma,ruua 6ucrpo Bblpacraor, roxe 3aBoAqr aereft. 14 BApyr oKa3bIBaercq, qro fleMMHHfoB Bo MHoro pas 6onlure, qeNI s o6uquHe foAbl. B nuutesofi qenoqKe ux 3BeHo craJlo HenoMepHo 6onsuurra, Becbl npupoAbl KaqHyJII4cbB oAHy cropoHy.
Vqesure roBopqr o6 erou:
< Ilpousowe,t sKoJxoeuqecKuil a spoLa>>.
Taxne 6ecuryuHbre B3pbIBbI HepeaKo cJlyqalorct y >KI4BorHblx,Koropble MoryT 6bIcrpo pa3MHo>Karbcn,HanpaMep y nsrueli [raH 6a6o'{ex. B crapnuy 6snanu 6eAcrsuo6st'{foAbl>>,KotAa uuluefi craHoBlIJtocb B AeclrKH paa 6onlue,'IeM
eM <<MbrrrruHbre
Ho. Ho screA 3a HaMI-Ipa3MHo>Karucbl{x Bparu - r'lacKx, xopbKlr, rt.tcr,l, H qepe3 roA
rvuueii ocraBaJrocb coBceM va.no. Tax flpfipoAa caMa noflpaBJlnet ce6l, H paBHoBecl{e
nux{eBafl uenoqKa npHxoAl'tr B flopqaoK.
BOCCTaHaBJrr.rBaercn,
Ho ouru6xt-1,Koropbre aeJlaror JrloAu, nplipoAa He BcefAa Mox(er HcIIpaBIrrb.

PaccKas 9. tlro AeJrarb c xponnxaun?
,[a,rexo 3a oKeaHoM ectt 6orsuiaq ctpaua Ancrpanus. Tam no paBHI4HaMfipblraIoT KeHrypy, a no AepeBbtlM ,'Ia3anT KOaIbI, [OXO]Kfie Ha nJIIoUeSHX lltuUlex. HO He
ToJrbKoHMH 3aMeqarerbHa Ancrpa.nux. Talr seualo raKHx Mecr, nAe noBclo,(y, Kyra Hrl
rrocMorpr.rrlb, 6eraer vsoxecrBo KpoJ'lHKoe.B aacyxy y peAKHx HcrottHHKoB co6uparorcfl Ha soAonoil qe,lbre r<lJlrrbl KpoJtl.tKoB.Orryga raKaq Haflacrb? BeAs xorAa s AsTaM
oBell, KpOJIHKOB
cTpar'tr.ttonpfirrJrbrJlHenpOneiiCxne ngceJteHqbt A CTal1Upa3BOAI.lTt'
se 6u,ro.
noocto
V ce6n aoMa Mbt oxorncKa3ailu.noceJleHqbt. Hy, 3To ML'I acrpanlu! Jl.rcb Ha Ar.rKuxKpoJrHKonn s4ect 6y4eu.
c4e,rauo. JIer cro Ha3aa I4x npaBe3,'Ia lI BHnycrI'lJlH. AsaAqaro 'ieCxasaHo pa3Be 3Toro MHoro A,rs raxoti orpouHoil crpaHu? A oasax<Alt nocuoTHpe uryKH c'be.rlu!OsTpeJrr,rcKoroBoAbl Ha cBott nacr6sula H axHyJlli - Her rpaBbl, ee KpoJII'IKI'I
ubr roJloaHL,re6poarrl
t{ro x<e nponaoru.no? Kpo"ruru, 3aBe3eHHbIen Aocrpa.nurc, craJIH HoBblM 3BeHoM
e nuuleeoil qefioqKe, npuLIeM TaKLIM,K KoropoMy ancrpa,rltticxan nphpoAa He npucnoHH BoJIKoB,Hll
co6,resa. BeAs se 6rt.lto s Ancrparuu HvKaKvx KporHubnx BparoB
J'rr.rc,Hr.rop.noe-6epryros. KrHraar n Aecrpa.nut xapxafi, 3HMHl4xxoJIoAoB Her, Bor I'I
crafia Kax(aariKporbl{Hxa rlpuHoct{Tb B roA no copoK Kpo,'lbqar. 14 sce oHH Bblpacralln 3AOpOBbreH IrpOX<OpJ'IHBble.
Tax, canu roro He xe,'taq, Jto.r,HycrpotiJlu orpouHltli exo.llotuuecxuli espun.
flpae4a, r,rHofaayAaercff r{cnoJlb3oBarb nporr.tB raxord naprrea Apyroii, To)Ke 3Ko,'torliqecKr.iii.
Paccxas

10.

Kax

6oxon

KopoBKI,t

rloMorJtlt

caAoBHllKaM

caAax uoettfi, nnxony He 3HaKoMblli BpeanOaHax<AstnortBu,tcff B aIIe,'IbcLIHoBbtx
6e>relo6qarufi qepBelr. Macca arax HaceKoMbtx, noxo)Kltx sa ualeslrlte
TeJrb Jrbre noAyuleqKh, noKpbtr'IaJIHcTbtl 14BeTXI.iare.Ilbcl{HoBbtxLepeBbeB, s cTaJlu AepeBbt
c . r r a 6 e r un r n 6 n y r s .
Haqa,lu yqeHbre ryMarb, KaK cnpaBnrbcfl c BpeAnreleM. UHa'lara oHH y3Haru,
xe.no6qaroro qepBella c,ryvailuo 3aBe3,{H ns AecrparAe ero poAHHa. Oxasanocr e caMoli Ancrpa,ruu 9To HaceKoMoe Bcrpenuu. Ho Bor tITo yAuBare,'lbHo qaercq peAKo u [osToMy pacreHlIflM He BpeAHT. <<Moxet 6urn, y Hero raM ecrb
noAyMar o^r4l us yqeHbIX. Ou noexa,r n Aecrpa,rzrc, AsyLtvJr,
KaKHe-To nparu?>>
K a K x u B e r q e p B e u , H y 3 H a J I ,q r o y H e r o a e i i c t s [ t e , ' I s H o e c r b B p a r n . C a M H i r . f l a s H s t f t
6oxbt KopoBKa poAoJIHt, coBceM MareHbKan, pa3MepoM co cnuqellHylo
H3 HI4x foJroBKy.
Srpu 6oxu,rx KopoBoK co6pana H BHnycrnJlt'l B pa3Hl,tx crpaHax Ha AepeBbflx, rAe
Beurb. Kax nraMq no)Kapa, pa3JIereJIHcb
)KHJrxqepBeqbt. 14 npou:our,ta yAHBHTeJIbHatl
caaaM I'I Bcloly noeaanl4 qepBeqoB'
u pas6exa.lucr 6o>xla KopoBKH Iro aneJIL,cHHoBbIM
I4i craHoeHrocb Bce MeHbue, a aneJIbcLIHoBHa aepeBbax npn6aela.nocl. CaAosoAH

r39

6u,ru rax 6.naro4apuu yrreHoMy, npHBe3ueMy po4o.nr-rrlua Ancrpa.rnu, uro co6pann
aeHbru H noAapHJlu eMy 3oroTbre qacHTarc odun oKoroeuqecKui espwa aqeHde noeaclrJru dpgeun u Hagqurxucb ucnorl.bsoaamb npomua apedumeaeil ux spa?oB.

Paccxas I l. O.lenn n xllu1Hr.tKn

A n Aruepnxe Ha oAHoM oqeHb KpacHBoM nJrocKofopbe cpeafl xoJlMoB r4 rrepeJrecKOB Xr.rJrHO.nesu. Buno Hx MHoro, Tblcflq urecrb, Ho nJrocKofopbe 3To paccrH.laJlocb
TaK ulHpoKo' Ilro BceM HM xBaraJlo H Mecra, v eAH TpaBbr Ir 3e.neHbrxeerox. Ho
Bor 6eAa, MHoro raM BoAr.r./locb
xr.lulHHKoB:tsoJIKoB,ofpoMHbrx KoueK nyM, MeJTKHX
JryfoBbrx BoJlKoB xoftoroe. 14 oxorHurx peuxJra 3atqurHTb oneseli. oHa nepe6ulu
BO,'IKOB BCeXAO OAHO|O.oUU nepecrper'rrJrHTblcrrta nyrrt u xofioroe. XuulHnxoa ta
nJrocKoropbe noqru He ocraJrocb, oJreHrM 6o,rrrue HfiKTo He yfpoxaJl. flo6eaa!
H o,reseli craHoBHJlocb sce 6o,'Ilue.
Ho e4pyn Ha nJlocKoropbe ucr{es,'lu MonoAble aepeBrra u ue.nxarl KycrapHHK Hx
cbeJrH oreHrj. florou cra,ra ilponaaarb TpaBa oJreHHBbtrqunbrBaJruee Ao nocJreaserl 6u,runxn. I4 noqru noa KaxAbrM AepeBoM cron,'l oreHb u rrHyrcq x ee,'reHolirr.rcree. Bce HH)<Hrle BerBH AepeBben 6u,ra o6reAesu. A garela ua-rynrz.nr.rfoArJ c cySCCXOTCHCfiYMCPJIOOT
POBbIMH3HMAMH,Ii BCETO3A ABE 3I,tMbI 6ONIUC TIOJIOBHHbI
roJ'roAa.Te, xoroptre Bbr)Klz,'l.i,6onens pa3HbrMlt 6o,resHq[4r.t.
T a x q r o x e e u r x o A r r . a J l r rr o r o . l r o 6 s r o , t e H f i 6 u , r t c s r r u r H 3 A o p o B b t .H y x H o , q r o 6u ux noe4a,nn xuu.;,nuxu? Koueqqo. BeAl eo.nrz, nyMbr u xoioru He AaBaJrHoJreHflM
qepecqyp pa3MHoX{HTbCfl.A XpOUe rofo, oHH r.rau{e Bcero,toeqr 60,1sHHx
u c.na6srx
XHBOTHbIX,KOTOpbre6erarcr xyxe. floarouy ocrarcTcr )KHTb caMbre 3AopoBbre,caMbre
cnJrbHbreoJ'teHH,r.t aereHbfirll4 y HHx Bbrpacraror KpenKr.rMHrz 6ncrpoHornuu.
Tarc,tndu noHtuxu, qmo xuulHuKu He Bpaeu npupode, a ee no'./t4ou.(Hut<u.
Ouu oqeHb SaJttHoe3aeHo a nut4eaort qenoqKe,6es nux paaHoaecue coo6t4ecmea uapawaemcn.
oxory Ha xr,urHl,tKoBB Tex Kpaqx 3arrperr.rr'ra,H 'ocreneHHo l.r3 apyrux Mecr rrpHtxJill Ha fi,'rocKofopbe nyMbr H xofioru, cHoBa crarH npHcMarpHBart ga onesguu. TontKO BOT BOJTKH
He BepHyJIHCb.

PaccKa3 12. Hyx<Hu nn nacr6uuly oaqu?
Ecru xuqHuru Hy)KHbrnpupoAe, To KaK c rpaBoflaHbrMr.rx(r.JBorHrrrMH
oJreHqMr{, aHTr.'tJ'ro[aMa,
ee6pauu, A[r Koropbrx Her HHr.refoBKycHee couNori rpaeu? Beas xax
aocraercfl arofi rpaee! Ee ulnn.nrcr sy6aruu, BbrranrbrBaror KorrbrraMlt, lruyr. V.reHue
a noAyMa,'rH:a qro, ecJrH Hl4KToHe 6y4er noe4arl H BbrranrbrBarl ary rpaey? OT|o_
poAHrH yrracroK crenu, vro6u ry4a HHKTo He 3axoAHJr,u craJru )K.(arb.
A_'epes nrrb Jrer 3aMer'Jrr-r,rlro rpaBa, Koropyru HHKro He MrJr H He ulurraJr, xlrpeer. B velr 4eno? flpucuorpe.nucb H yBr.rAeJ'rH,
qro u3 crapbrx, orMepuux cre6neli sa
seune o6pasoBaJ'racbrrr'rorHaq noAyuKa ue npo6urbcfl cKBo3r, uee rr,1o,ro4ur.r
cre6e.nrxalr.
3ua'lu1 crelrHar rpaBa He MolKer HopMaJrbHopacr' 6eg xrsorHrrx, Koropbre ee
noe4arcr? Buxo4ur, qro rax. Ees rpanor4urrlx )Kr,rBorHbrxcrenflM TaK >xe rrJloxo, Kar(
oJIeHrM 6es xuulHuxos. Osu norr.rorarorcoxpaHHTb paBHoBecue B npHpoAe. KorAa osl
ulHnrror rpaBy, To ocBo6o){Aaror Mecro A.rrfluonofi, vo,ro4ori nopoc.rrt-r.I(or4a oHn 6snr
rro 3eMJre KonbrraMr.r,To BTarrbrBaror B Hee ceMeHa, Koroprrre esoliayr Ha 6y4yruHrl
foa.
Ho ecnu ua nacr6uule nacercr cJ'lt.rrrKoMMHoro cKora 3To rpo3r.ir 6eaofi. ,IIoIxaAlj' oBI{bI H KopoBbr BbrulHnblBaroru BbrranrblBaror rpaBy 4o cauoii 3eM,'ll.t,[oqBy
HaqliHaer pa3BeBarb Berep H pa3MbrBarb Ao>xar. llacr6Hure Moxer noru6uyrs, npeBparHTbcr n 6ecn.no4uyro 3eMJrro.

Paccxas 13. Mopcxre

KopoBbt u KpacHan KHr.rra

Mnoro ,rer Ha3aa y Aa,TeKr4x,HHKoMy He BeAoMblxocrpoBoB a Tuxo$r oKeaHe norepner Kpyueuue pyccxuri r<opa6.nl. Mopnxu cnacJrHcr,, Ho aru yrpoxaJra roJroAHat
cMeprb. kl ryr onu yBnaeJrH,uro y 6eperon uer'rbrMHcrajlaMs nJ'raBalorofpoMHbre Mop140

OHlt 6u.nu t',tttpusle Il HaCTOJIbKOAOCKHe xr.rBorHbre, floxg)Kfie sa Ue6o.ntunX ryroe.
OHH BOAOpOCJIflMI4,lI MOBepqr.rBble, qTo nO3BoJIff,'IH TpOfaTb Ce6n pyxarraH. fIUraAUCl
pr,,Ku Ha3Baflv Hx MopCKI-IMLI KopoBaMLI. MRco nlopcxltx Kopo-B_oKa3aJlocb oqeHb Hexpaa6uroro
lloarorr.ry MopqKa He yMepJII,t c roJIoAa. I'Is o6roMxoe
Huu u nrycultu.
cyAeHbmrKo a ynJrbrJIH 4ouofi. flpoc.nuturae o6 yAuuropa6.ra oHr.r cMofJrr.r nocrpoHrb
TeJrbHblx )KI.IBOTHbIX, /Ipyfue JIIOAA CTaJIH npun"'IblBaTb Ha 3TI.I OCTpOBa U 3anaCaTFJCq
H MeHbue
naqcot\4. Ho HHKTO He nOAyMaJI O TOM, t{TO MOpCKHX KOpOB HaAO nO6epeVl,
qeM 3a rpnAlrarb
HaAetJIHcb, qro fae-To eu1e
rer Hx Bcex nepe6a.nN. Vqessle Aorlo
xopoBoAqrcfl MopcKI,Ie KopoBbI, AcKatu vx, Ho raK I.t He HatrIJIH. Hu oAsoli lropcxoli
Bbr He ocTaJrocb Ha 3eMJle.
JlIoAt'l' Ha oAIrnx
cra BuaoB caMbIX pa3Hbrx seepeft I nruq ucrpe6tlJllt
Borlue
c,'tr.ltrKoM ycepAHo oxorriJrucb. flpyrurra He ocraBHJIH Aaxe KroqKa Jleca Hr'lH crena, rAe
ncoHpr MofJll{ 6u >xurl. Tperuux Bbr,'roBgJtl.tx}ItrrHhxl't, [pI'iBe3eHHbIe JMAbMI'I. Hevaao
qe3Jro 14 pacreuuri.
KoHI{oB !'IroAI,I fioHflJlll: ecJIH He noMoqb npupo4e, r-rx 6yB rosqe
aroro He C,1yI1pIIOCb, yqeHble COCTaBHJILTCneUuaJIbSCe 6O.l1br1e. 9rO6U
4er ru6uyrs
B Hee 3anl{caHbl Bce )KllBorHbte z pacreHuq, KoropbtM
Hyro KHrlry KpacHyro ruury
BpeA' a JIIoHaHocurb uu xaxoit-ttu1o
KHIrfa 3anpeu{aer
yrpoxaer
ru6e,rr.
Kpacuan
4eli, xoropore 3To aeJlaror, Moryr Aa)Ke rlocaaurb B TlopbMy.

Paccxas 14. [Irnqnfi topoA Ha AepeBbcx
B aeJlbry Bo,rru, ryAa, rAe
.[anail saranueM B o,[,Ho oqeHb HHTepecHoeMecro
Haula BeJruKaqpyccKaq peKa BnaAaeT B Mope.
Bot n,rHeel{ nlnr no ysxoii nporoKe sa uanegsxofi n,rocroAossoli no4ovxe, 6ec6onlulae I't MaJIble ocrpoBa' [opocruyMHo orra,rKllBaflcb or AHa [IecroM. Boxpyr ruue usoii u rycrbtM TpocrHHKoM. 14 sa ra)KAstN{noBoporoM, y Kax(Aoro 3o,'Iorgcroro
n,'lflxr.iKa HaM BcTpeqaeTcq qTo-To aHTepecHoe.
cHaqara c,tblureH rarotl-ro utytut. OcropoxHo BblrJlrHyB I'I3-3a
Bor N ceiiqac TpocrHHKa, Br.raHMqe,'lyrc KoMIIaHIlrc ofpoMHbtx 6e.no-posooltx nrHq. 3ro nefluKaHbl.
Xnonaq KpblJIbqMHnO BoAe, OHtl IIyfaIoT pot6y, sarOunrcT ee B MaJleHlxllfi ga,raequX
H xBararor cBoHMIr orpoMHblMu K,'rloBaMI4.Heuuoro noAa,'Ibue Ha Kopqre cuAqr rrepsue 6arnaHI'r. Ouu roxe pu6o,roeu, To,'lbKo oHH I{HpqrcT ga csoeii Ao6uqeli H 'tloBtlr
ee noA eoAoli. flopoli rax HaeAarcTctl,tlro B3,lererb He Moryr. Mqurcl 6ax.[au n-o goTaK MHoro y
Ae, lr3o eceii cu,'lrr xJlortafl KpbtJ'IbflMH,a HHKaK eMy He floAHqrbcq
Hero e 6orcxe ve.rxoli onl6eiltxu.
Eue- Aa.nnrue, Ha 4epeernx, ueruii nru'tufi ropo4. Ha Ka)xaoM AecqrKl"l rHe3A.
Mo>xso 3al're3TbHa AepeBo, nrr6pars nycroe, 6poureHuoe xo3fleBaMu fHe3Ao H ycecrbcq Ha HeM. Cgaqa,ra IITHqbl BcnoJro[Iarcfl, B3,'1ertr, Ho, ec,'Ill cHAerb HenoABttx(Ho,oHH
6slcrpo npr4BblKHyTx re6e u BepHyTCRK nTeHUaM. Tor4a rot CMo)KeIUbcoeceN,I6lilgyxe noapocxo ua6,'rrc4arn 3a ux xH3HbIo. Bor cHAqr B rHe3Ae narepo 6axnaufir
nreHurrzx, xa>x4su:ipa3MCpoM c xopouryrc KypHUJ.flo4"rerur Marb, cqAer pnAoM
rrbr rreH BbtrtHyr, prbr pacKpotor I.r opyr, ecrb flpocqr. Eaxaasuxa HarHercfl K caMoMy
HyB A p y r K a K H b r p H e r r o . n o s o f i K H e M y B r " r o r r y ! T h x o n a e r o K o p M H r : 3 a KpuKJrr.rBoM
coBbrBaer pn6eu,rxy flpt{Mo B go6. florou ocraJlbHblx noKopMHTlt cnoBa Jlerur Ha npomuce,r. A pnAoM BtrKapMJIHBaIornreHlroB KopHqHeBo-KpacHbleKapaBaHKn c a3orHyTaKrzMoveus yAo6Ho BblJraB,ruBarbB r,Ire BctlKylo MeJIKylo)KHBHocrb.
TbtM Kr'lloBoMerHflercKue,
caMbre pa3Hble. tr4 ceptre, u )Ke,rrble Eu1e sAecl rHe3aflTcfl qan,'IH 6enue, c lyqKaMfi a>KypHblxnepbeB no 6oxalr. KorAa-To rar.r caMble KpacHBbre Kr{e nepr,s qeHH,'IHct,Aopo)Ke 3oJIoTa, H3-3a HI'IX6e.nSIXqanels vyrl 6u,'to coBceM He
yHilqTo)Kr,rJrH.
,'IoroA HenoAa,rexy Ha'r-{Halorcn 3apocJIH yaHBHTe,'IbHofoBoAHofo pacreHllfl
IlBeTaMI.i.
ca, KoTopblH qBeTeT ofpoMHbrMH, pa3MepoM c Tape,'IKy,He>KHo-po3oBbIMI.l
B erux lrecrax HeJIb3n oxorl.irbcfl, JloBHTb pu6y, py6nrl AepeBbfl H Aa)Ke KocI'ITb
9ro TaKoe MecTo, rAe 6eperyr
TpaByr noroMy rtTO 3AecF,3a[oBeAHHK. 3anone4ntlr o a H H M c , ' l o B o M ,e c e o 6 H r a l o u e e
l . . rc o x p a H s r c T B c e x ) K H B o r H b l xl . r B c e p a c r e H I s , ee uccr'Ie3aecb npapoaHoe coo6u1ecreo. Ho npnpo4y 3Aecb He ro,{bKo oxpaHa}or
pacTeHHfi,
Hapa3faAblBafl
x(ll3Hu
yI{eHbIe,
ceKperbl
pa6oranr
lo4
ryT
lyxlr. Kpyr,'rsrri
ceKoMbrx,nruq u srepeii. BeAt qro6H floHttrb 3aKoHbl rlpupoabl, Irpex<AeBcefo ee Haao ti3yqarb raM, rAe oHa euie He rpoHyra qeJloBeKoM.
141

3anoseAufix, B KoropoM NaHno6r,rsarr-r, Ha3brBaercqAcrpaxaHcruu. A ncero y Hac
B crpaHe 6o,rsue cra nqruAecqru 3anoBeAHHKos.Ouli ycrpoeHH e ceeepuori paeHnHe ryHApe, B ApeM) ilix Jlecax, B crentx, B nycrblHtx 14 B BblcoKl.rxropax. B uux
c 6 e p e r a e r c n e c e p a s u o o 6 p a 3 n e n p a p o A b r u a u r e i i o r p o r r a u o f ci r p a H u r .

Paccxas 15. 9ro raKoe Kr.rcJrbrfiAo)r(Ab
Bpervra, B Koropoe Mbr )KuBeM, oco6essoe. HuronAa paHbue ue 6unn ntoAu
TaKrlMr4MoryqhMrl, xar cefiqac. OHz nocurarcT. paKerbr ua Jlyuy u ua Mapc, nepero'[,topn
pa)KnBaror peKv, ycrpar.rBalor r.rcKyccrBexxrre
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