Ǵǰdz-ǴǰDz
ǿǭǸǵȃDZ
ǶǹȄǴǰǵǶǫ
ǨȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȣȑ ȘȖȔȈȕ Ȑȏ ȥȗȖȝȐ
ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕșȒȖȑ ȊȖȑȕȣ
ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȈȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȖ-ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȟȍșȒȈȧ
ȗȘȖȏȈ -ȝ ȋȋ ǺȖȔ XV
Salamandra P.V.V.

ǴȐȓ-ǴȐȒ dzȣȏȓȖȊ Ǵ ǰ DzȈȏȈȘȞȍȊ Ǵ ǰ
ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋ ǨȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȣȑ ȘȖȔȈȕ Ȑȏ ȥȗȖȝȐ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕ-
șȒȖȑ ȊȖȑȕȣ – ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȈȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȖ-ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȟȍșȒȈȧ ȗȘȖȏȈ
1920-ȝ ȋȋ ǺȖȔ XV). ǩ Ȕ: Salamandra P.V.V., 2017. – 170 c.
–
(Polaris ǷțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȐȧ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧ ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȒȈ Ǫȣȗ
CXCIX).
ǸȖȔȈȕ ǴȐȓ-ǴȐȒȈ Ǵ dzȣȏȓȖȊȈ Ȑ Ǵ DzȈȏȈȘȞȍȊȈ
 ©ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤ-
ȔȐȕȖȋª – ȖȌȕȖ Ȑȏ șȈȔȣȝ ȘȍȌȒȐȝ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȐȑ șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ȗȘȐȒȓȦ-
ȟȍȕȟȍșȒȖ-ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȓȐȚȍȘȈȚțȘȣ -ȝ ȋȋ Ǫ ȘȖȔȈȕȍ Ȋȣ-
ȝȖȌȐȊȠȍȔ Ȋ șȊȍȚ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȔȐ Ȋ ǪȖȘȖȕȍȎȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣ-
ȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȗ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ ȌȖȉȓȍșȚȕȣȝ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ș ȗȖȌȗȖȓȤȕȖȑ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑ-
șȒȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȍȑ ȏȈȌțȔȈȊȠȍȑ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȤ Ȋ ȒȘȈșȕȖȔ Țȣȓț ȒȘȍș-
ȚȤȧȕșȒȖȍ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ ǻȉȐȑșȚȊȈ ȗȍȘȍȖȌȍȊȈȕȐȧ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȖȌ-
ȏȍȔȍȓȤȧ ȗȖȋȖȕȐ Ȑ șȝȊȈȚȒȐ Ȉ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ ©ȓțȟȍȑ
șȚȘȈȝȈª Ȑ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȍ ©ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȌȤȧȊȖȓȧȚȈª ȗȘȐȓȈȋȈȦȚșȧ
© Authors, estate, 2017
© Salamandra P.V.V., ȗȖȌȋ ȚȍȒșȚȈ ȖȜȖȘȔȓȍȕȐȍ 2017

ǺȖș-ǺȖȘ
ȅdzǾǻȉǷ
ǼǿȊǺǶǻǼDZ
ǮȐȎțȠȬȞțȩȗ ȞȜȚȎț Ȗȕ ȫȝȜȣȖ
ȑȞȎȔȒȎțȟȘȜȗ ȐȜȗțȩ

ǽdzȀǹȍ ǻǮ Ȇdzdz

7
DZșȎȐȎ I
ǽǮǾǶǸǺǮȃdzǾǿǸǮȍ ǾȁǯǹdzǰǮ
ǪȣșȖȒȐȑ Ȋ ȟȍȘȕȖȔ ȗȐȌȎȈȒȍ ȠȐȕȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ șțȒȕȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ȗȖșȚȖȧȓ ȔȐȕțȚț ȗȍȘȍȌ ȗȖȘȎȈȊȍȊȠȍȑ șȚȈȘȖȑ ȊȣȊȍșȒȖȑ ȗȈ-
ȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘȈ ǸțȉȓȍȊȈ Ȑ Ȗȋȓȧȕțȓșȧ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȚȖȘȖȗȓȐȊȖ
ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ ǴȖșȒȖȊșȒȐȍ țȓȐȞȣ țȎȍ ȖȒțȚȣȊȈȓȐșȤ șȍȘȣȔ
ȕȈȓȍȚȖȔ șțȔȍȘȍȒ ȏȈ țȋȓȖȔ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȝȘȐȗȓȖ ȗȘȖȒȘȐȟȈȓ ȈȊȚȖȔȖ-
ȉȐȓȤ ȊȣȕȣȘȕțȓ ȗȘȖȠțȘȠȈȓ ȔȐȔȖ ȗȖ ȔȖșȚȖȊȖȑ Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓ
ȕȈ ǹȖȜȐȑȒț ǺȖȘȖȗȓȐȊȖȑ ȌȍȓȖȊȖȑ ȗȖȝȖȌȒȖȑ ȔȐȔȖ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȘȈȊȕȖȌțȠȕȖ șȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓ ȊȏȋȓȧȌȖȔ ȗȖ ȟȍȘȕȖȔț ȗȐȌ-
ȎȈȒț Ȑ șȚȈȓ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋțȦ șȚȖȘȖȕț țȓȐȞȣ
ǿȐșȚȖ ȊȣȉȘȐȚȖȍ ȓȐȞȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ Ȋ ȗȐȌȎȈȒȍ ȊȌȘțȋ șȚȈȓȖ
ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȣȔ Ȑ ȟțȚȤ ȗȖȉȓȍȌȕȍȓȖ
©ǶȗȧȚȤ Ȗȕ ș ȥȚȐȔ ȕȈȌȖ ȗȖȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȌȕȖª
ǶșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȒȘȐȗȕțȊ ȌȊȍȘȤȦ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈ-
ȝȍȘșȒțȦ ǺȈȔ ȉȘȐȓșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȐȕ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
— ǹȐȦ ȔȐȕțȚț — ȊȈȠȈ ȗȍȘȊȈȧ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȐȕ —
ȉȘȖșȐȓ ȗȘȐȊȣȟȕȖ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȉȘȐȊȠȐȑșȧ ȘȈșȗȓȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȑ Ȋȣ-
Ƞȍȓ
— ǷȖșȚȘȐȟȤșȧ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘ
ǪȔȍșȚȖ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȗȐȌȎȈȒȍ ȚȐȝȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ ȗȈȘȖȓȤ
ǷȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ Ȗȋȓȧȕțȓșȧ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ Ȑ ȗȖȕȐ-
ȏȐȓ ȋȖȓȖș
— ǪȈș țȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȎȌțȚ ȚȈȔ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒ ȗȘȖ-
ȝȖȌȐȚȍ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȑ ȕȈȓȍȊȖ — țȒȈȏȈȓ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘ ȕȈ ȊȕțȚȘȍȕ-
ȕȦȦ ȌȊȍȘȤ
Ǫ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȖȒȖȓȖ șȚȖȓȈ șȐȌȍȓȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍ-
ȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȊșȒȖȟȐȓȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȊȖȠȍȓ ȟȍ-
ȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȗȐȌȎȈȒȍ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ — ȘȈȏȌȈȓȐșȤ ȋȖȓȖșȈ — Ȉ Ȕȣ țȎ Ȍț-
ȔȈȓȐ ȕȍ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ ȓȐ ȟȚȖ ș ȊȈȔȐ
— ǷȖȒȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ ȕȖ șȓțȟȐȚșȧ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȖ
ȔȕȖȑ ȕȖ Ȑ ș ȊȈȔȐ ȍșȓȐ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȔȍȔ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȝ ȔȍȘ Ȑ

8
șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȇ țȎȍ ȊȖȚ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȌȊțȝ ȕȍȌȍȓȤ șȚȈȓȒȐȊȈȦșȤ ș ȖȌ-
ȕȖȑ ȉȍȏțșȓȖȊȕȖ ȟȍȒȐșȚșȒȖȑ ȔȖȘȌȖȑ ǯȈ ȥȚȖȑ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȖȑ șȓȍ-
ȌȧȚ Ȑ șȖȉȐȘȈȚȤșȧ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȍȉȍȏȖȗȈșȕȖ ǵȖ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȖșȓȍ DzȈ-
ȒȐȍ ț ȕȈș ȍșȚȤ ȊȍșȚȐ"
— ǰȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ — șȖȖȉȡȐȓȖ ȟȍȘȕȖȍ
țȋȘȍȊȈȚȖȍ ȓȐȞȖ șȐȌȍȊȠȍȍ ȊȍȘȝȖȔ ȕȈ șȚțȓȍ — ǻ ȕȍȋȖ ȍșȚȤ
ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕȣȍ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǩțȓȤȒȖȊ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ
ǩțȓȤȒȖȊ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȕȖ ȏȈȉȍ-
ȋȈȓȐ ȗȖ țȋȓȈȔ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ǫțșȚȣȍ țșȣ ȗȖȌȕȧȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȖȉȕȈȎȐȓȐ
ȘȧȌ ȔȍȓȒȐȝ ȗȖȎȍȓȚȍȊȠȐȝ ȏțȉȖȊ
— Ǫ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ȕȈȔȐ șȖȏȌȈȕ ǹǺDz *, — ȕȈȟȈȓ Ȗȕ —
ȉȖȋȈȚȣȍ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȦȚ ȍȋȖ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈȔȐ — ȟȍȘȍȏ
ȔȍșȧȞ Ȕȣ ȉțȌȍȔ țȎȍ ȕȈșȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȐȓȤȕȣ ȟȚȖ șțȔȍȍȔ ȗȖȌ-
ȕȧȚȤ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ ǷȖȘțȟȐȒ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȗȘȐșȓȈȓ Ȕȍȕȧ ȏȈ ȐȕșȚ-
ȘțȒȞȐȧȔȐ
ǵȈ ȔȐȕțȚț Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȊȖȞȈȘȐȓȖșȤ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȍ
— ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ — ȗȖȘțȟȐȒț ǿȍȘ-
ȕȈȊșȒȖȔț ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȗȖȒȈ ȏȈȕȧȚȤșȧ țȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈ-
ȞȐȐ ǹǺDz ȗțșȚȤ ȥȚȈ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧ țșȐȓȐȚșȧ Ȑ ȏȈȊȖȦȍȚ ț
ȕȈșȍȓȍȕȐȧ ȈȊȚȖȘȐȚȍȚ Ǵȣ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȘȈȏ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȓȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ
ȕȍȗȖȌȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȑ ȒȖȕȟȈȊȠȐȝșȧ ȕȍțȌȈȟȍȑ ȇ
ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȔț ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȗȖșȓȈȚȤ Ȍȍ-
ȕȍȋ ȗțșȚȤ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȍȚ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ ȒȖȓȍȉȓȦȡȐȔșȧ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȈȔ
— ȥȚȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊțȍȚ Ȉ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȈȠȈ ǸȖȌȐȕȈ șȉȘȖ-
șȐȚ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȣȝ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒȖȊ Ȕȣ șțȔȍȍȔ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤ ȥȚȐ șȘȍȌș-
ȚȊȈ — ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȒȘȐȊȖ Ȑ ȏȓȖ țȓȣȉȕțȓșȧ — șȚȖȘȐȞȍȑ.
ǹȘȍȌȐ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓȐșȤ ȊȖȏȋȓȈșȣ ȖȌȖȉȘȍ-
ȕȐȧ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǩțȓȤȒȖȊ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ — ȧ șȍȑȟȈș
ȕȈȗȐȠț ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȔț ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ Ȋȣ
ȍȔț șȊȍȏȍȚȍ Ȑ ȗȧȚȤ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ Ȋȣ ȍȔț ȗȍȘȍȌȈȌȐ-
Țȍ ǵȈ șȓȖȊȈȝ Ȏȍ șȒȈȎȐȚȍ ȍȔț ȟȚȖ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȕȍ
ȖȌȐȕ ȟȚȖ ȊȖ ȔȕȖȋȐȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈȝ șȖȏȌȈȕȣ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȟȍșȒȐȍ ȧȟȍȑ-
ȒȐ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȌȍȚ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ǸȖșșȐȧ șȚȈȕȍȚ ȗȘȍȎȕȍȑ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȑ
* ɋɨɸɡ Ɍɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ Ʉɪɟɫɬɶɹɧɫɬɜɚ — ɤɨɧɬɪɪɟɜɨɥɸɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ
ɞɟɪɟɜɟɧɫɤɢɯ ɤɭɥɚɤɨɜ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɢ ɷɫɟɪɨɜ (ɉɪɢɦ
ɚɜɬ.).

9
ȌȍȘȎȈȊȖȑ Ȑ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȌȍȚ ȍȋȖ ȏȈșȓțȋ Ȉ ȚȈȒȎȍ Ȑ ȊȈ-
ȠȐȝ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ Ǩ ȗȖȒȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ ȕȈȔ ȕțȎȕȖ ȚȖȘȖȗȐȚȤșȧ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȘȐșȍȓ Ȓ șȚȖȓț Ȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȐșȈȚȤ Ǫ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȐȝȖ
ǪȌȘțȋ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ șȐȓȤȕȣȑ șȚțȒ Ȑ ȚȘȍșȒ Ǫ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚț ȊȉȍȎȈȓ ǸțȉȓȍȊ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȈ ȕȈș ȕȈȒȘȣȓȐ — ȓȖȔȈȦȚ ȌȊȍȘȐ ǯȌȍșȤ ȍșȚȤ
ȝȖȌ ȟȍȘȍȏ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗțșȚȖȑ șȒȓȈȌ Ȗ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ
ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍȋȖ Ȕȣ ȊȣȑȌȍȔ ȕȈ șȓȍȌțȦȡțȦ țȓȐȞț
ǹȓȣȠȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȈȒ ȚȘȍȡȈȓȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȓȖȔȈȍȔȈȧ șȕȈȘțȎȐ
ǸțȉȓȍȊ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȕțȓ ȠȒȈȜ ș ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȐȔȐ ȗȘȐȕȈȌ-
ȓȍȎȕȖșȚȧȔȐ ȏȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȈșȤ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȋ șȒȓȈȌ
— ǰȌȍȔȚȍ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧșȤ Ȓ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦ-
ȡȐȔ — DzȈȎȌȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ șȗȘȈȊȓȧȑȚȍșȤ Ȗ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȝ ȌȍȑșȚ-
ȊȐȧȝ Ȋ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȔ șȈȌț Ȋ ȚțȔȉȍ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȚȖȗȖȓȧ — ȚȈȔ
Ȏȍ ȉțȌțȚ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ Ȉ ȗȖȒȈ ȉțȌȍȔ șȗȍȠȐȚȤ
DZșȎȐȎ II
ȀǼǰǮǾǶȇ ǮǾdzǻǿǸǶǷ
ǶȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒ ǪșȍȘȖșșȐȑșȒȖȑ ǿDz ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȊ Ȑȏ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ǸțȉȓȍȊȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ
ȗȍȘȍȉȍȎȈȓ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋțȦ șȚȖȘȖȕț țȓȐȞȣ ȏȈȊȍȘȕțȓ ȏȈ țȋȖȓ Ȑ
șȚȖȓȒȕțȓșȧ ș ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ȊȐȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȚȈȒ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȘȈȊȐȓșȧ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊț ȒȖȋȌȈ ȚȖȚ șȚȖȧȓ ț ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ
— ȅȚȖ Țȣ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ ǷȖȏȊȖȕȐ ȖȚȒțȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖ-
ȕț Ȑ ȊȣȏȖȊȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȠȍșȚȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȊȖȖȘțȎȍȕȕȣȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ
Ǵȣ ȕȈȗȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȠȈȑȒț ǷȖșȒȖȘȍȑ ȇ ȖșȚȈȕțșȤ ȏȌȍșȤ
șȓȍȌȐȚȤ
ǷȍȚȘȖȊ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȦȘȒȕțȓ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȗȖȌȢȍȏȌ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȘȍȌȊȒțȠȈȓ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȑ șȝȊȈȚ-
ȒȐ Ƕȕ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȓ Ȓ ȟȐșȓț ȓȦȌȍȑ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ ȓȦȉȐȊȠȐȝ ȎȐ-
ȊȖȍ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȣȊȈȦȡȍȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț-ȚȖ ș ȗȍȘȊȣȝ Ȏȍ Ȍȕȍȑ Șȍ-

10
ȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ Ȗȕ ȊȍșȤ ȖȚȌȈȓșȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ Ȋ ȖȘȋȈȕȍ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȉȖȓȤ-
Ƞȍ, ȟȍȔ ȋȌȍ-ȓȐȉȖ, ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓșȧ ȍȍ Ȗȋȕȍȕȕȣȑ ȉȖȍȊȖȑ ȚȍȔȗ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒ ȏȈȒȘȣȓȈșȤ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȖșȓȍ ȍȋȖ țȝȖ-
ȌȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ Ȑ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖȚțȠȍȕȣ ȖȋȕȐ Ƕȕ ȉȍș-
șȐȓȤȕȖ șȎȐȔȈȓ ȒțȓȈȒȐ Ȑ ȋȖȚȖȊ ȉȣȓ ȉȘȖșȐȚȤșȧ ȖȌȐȕ ǹȚȈ-
Șȣȑ ȖȗȣȚ ȗȖȌșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ ȍȔț ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȈȗȈȓ ȕȈ șȓȍȌ ȒȘțȗȕȖȋȖ
ȏȊȍȘȧ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȖȗȖȏȌȈȚȤ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȤ ȟȈșȈ ȓȦȌȐ ȗȘȐȉȣȓȐ
— ǰȏ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ȍșȚȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȊȈ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ — ȕȈ țȓȐ-
Ȟț Ȑ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȊȖȘ Ǻȣ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ ȗȧȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȑ ȗȖȑȌȐ
ș ȟȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȝȖȌȈ ǭșȓȐ ȉțȌțȚ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȧȚȤșȧ — șȚȘȍȓȧȚȤ ȕȖ
ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ șȔȍȘȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȈ ǷȖȕȧȓȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐ-
ȡȐ"ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ȏȈȚȘȍ-
ȡȈȓȈ ȗȖȌ țȌȈȘȈȔȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȗȘȐȒȓȈȌȖȊ Ȑ ȗȖȌȌȈȓȈșȤ
Ǫ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȍȔȕȖ Ȑ ȗțșȚȖ ǹȓȣȠȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȒȈȒ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ Ȋ șȍȘȍȌȐȕȍ ȌȖȔȈ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȌȊȐȋȈȓȐ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȗȖșȓȣ-
ȠȈȓȐșȤ țȌȈȓȧȦȡȐȍșȧ ȠȈȋȐ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ șȎȐȔȈȧ ȕȈȋȈȕ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȊȕțȚȘȍȕȕȍȑ ȌȊȍȘȐ
DzȖȘȐȌȖȘ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ȕȈȓȍȊȖ Ȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȗțșȚȣ
— ǴȍȘȏȈȊȞȣ ǶȕȐ țșȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓȐ ȖȚ ȕȈș ǵȖ ȒțȌȈ"!..
ǵȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ȗȖ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘț șȗȍȠȐȓ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ ș ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈȔȐ
Ǫ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚ ȉȍșȗȖȘȧȌȖȟȕȖ șȚȖȧȓȐ șȚțȓȤȧ
— ǶȕȐ ȍȡȍ ȚȘȐ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȕȈȏȈȌ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȌȍșȤ ǪȖȚ, ȖȒțȘȖȒ
ȍȡȍ ȕȍ țșȗȍȓ ȗȖȋȈșȕțȚȤ ǵȖ ȒțȌȈ"
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȔȍȚȈȓșȧ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ Ȑȏ țȋȓȈ Ȋ țȋȖȓ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ
Ȋȏȧȓ șȖ șȚȖȓȈ ȓȍȎȈȊȠȐȑ ȚȈȔ ȓȐșȚ ȉțȔȈȋȐ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȖȚ ȚțȚ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȏȈȗȐșȒȈ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȟȈȓȖ ȗȐșȤȔȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖ-
Ȕț ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓ ȍȋȖ
— ǶȟȍȕȤ ȊȈȎȕȖ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȘȈȏȉȍȘȍȔșȧ ǵȖ ȋȌȍ ȖȕȐ ȔȖȋȓȐ
ȗȘȖȑȚȐ"
ǪȏȋȓȧȌ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ țȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȠȒȈȜ Ƕȕ șȌȊȐȕțȓ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȔ-
ȕȖȋȖ Ȑ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȊȣȘțȋȈȓșȧ
— ǿȍȘȚ ǶȕȐ țȠȓȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȥȚț ȌȊȍȘȤ ǵțȎȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȖșȚȖ-
ȓȖȗȈȔȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ țȗțșȚȐȚȤ ȥȚȖ Ȑȏ ȊȐȌț ȖȕȐ ȗȘȖȠȓȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ
șȒȓȈȌ, ȉȣȊȠȐȑ ǫȈȔȈȏȍȍȊȈ, Ȑ ȊȣȠȓȐ ȕȈ ǹȖȜȐȑȒț ǺȍȗȍȘȤ

11
Ȑȝ ȐȡȐ-șȊȐȡȐ ǵȈ ȊșȧȒȐȑ șȓțȟȈȑ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ ȗȘȖȑ-
ȌȐȚȍ ȗȖ Ȑȝ șȓȍȌȈȔ ȇ ȗȖȒȈ ȏȌȍșȤ ȏȈȌȍȘȎțșȤ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȗȖȌȕȧȓ ȖȒț-
ȘȖȒ ȗȈȗȐȘȖșȣ
— ©ȆȎȕȣȍª ȉȣȊȠȐȍ ǨșȔȖȓȖȊȈ — ȗȘȖȟȐȚȈȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȗȈ-
ȗȐȘȖșȍ ȗȈȗȐȘȖșț ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ Ȋ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ
ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ șȓȍȌȖȊ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
ȌȖșȚȈȓ ȏȈȗȐșȒț ȗȍȘȍȌȈȕȕțȦ ȍȔț ǷȍȚȘȖȊȣȔ șȍȓ Ȓ șȚȖȓț Ȑ
ȊȕȖȊȤ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȖȟȐȚȈȓ ȍȍ Ǫ ȏȈȗȐșȒȍ șȚȖȧȓȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ șȓȖȊ ȕȈșȗȍȝ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȕȣȝ
«ʞˑ˓˖˚ˋˍ˖ ʦˈ˓ː˃˅˔ˍˑˏ˖Ǥ
ʞ˓ˈˇˎ˃ˆ˃ˈ˕˔ˢ ʑ˃ˏ ˒ˑˍ˃ ˑ˕ ˑ˕ˍ˓˞˕˞˘ ˅˞˔˕˖˒ˎˈːˋˌ ˅ˑˊ-
ˇˈ˓ˉ˃˕˟˔ˢǡ ˖˔ˋˎˋ˅˃ˌ˕ˈ ʠǤʡǤʙǤ ʕˇˋ˕ˈ ˇ˃ˎ˟ːˈˌ˛ˋ˘ ˖ˍ˃ˊ˃ːˋˌǤ
ʑ˃ˏ ˒ˑ˔˞ˎ˃ˈ˕˔ˢ ˒ˢ˕˟ ˏˋˎˎˋˑːˑ˅ ˔ ˆǤ ʐ˖ˎ˟ǤǤǤǽ
ǵȈ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȐșȤȔȖ ȖȉȘȣȊȈȓȖșȤ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȌȖȓȋȖ șȐȌȍȓ ȕȍȘȊȕȖ ȍȘȖȠȈ ȊȖȓȖșȣ Ƕȕ ȘȈș-
șȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓ ȥȚț ȏȈȗȐșȒț șȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȗȕ ȗȖ-
ȕȧȓ ȒȈȒȖȋȖ ȒȘțȗȕȖȋȖ ȏȊȍȘȧ ȖȕȐ țȗțșȚȐȓȐ ǫȌȍ-ȚȖ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȚșȧ
ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ ȚȈȑȕȣȍ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ șȐȌȧȚ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ
DzȘȈșȕȖȑ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ, ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍȌȍȓȦ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȔȍșȧȞ
ȋȌȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȘȖȓȤȍȚșȧ ȒȘȖȊȤ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȗȖ ȊȐȕȍ ȥȚȐȝ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȗȖȓȟȈșȈ ȕȈȏȈȌ șȐȌȍȊȠȐȝ ȏȌȍșȤ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȍȊ ǩȣȓȖ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ
șȖȏȕȈȊȈȚȤ șȍȉȧ ȗȖȒȈ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȣȔ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȚȤ ȥȚȖ
— ǵȍȚ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ țȑȌțȚ ȖȚ ȕȈș — șȚțȒȕțȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȒțȓȈ-
ȒȖȔ ȗȖ șȚȖȓț — ǰȔ ȕȍ ȔȐȕȖȊȈȚȤ șțȘȖȊȖȋȖ șțȌȈ ǸȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ șȖ șȊȖȐȔȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈȔȐ
— ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȏȌȍșȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ" — Ȗȉ-
ȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— ǷȖ ȔȖȐȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧȔ, șȦȌȈ ȏȈȠȓȐ ȠȍșȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
Ȑ ȧ ȍȡȍ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ șȚȖȧȓ ț ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ
— ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘȖȔ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓ ȊȖșȤȔȖȑ Ƕȕ
ȚȖȎȍ ȏȈȠȍȓ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȉȘȐȓșȧ
ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ Ȑ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȌȕȐȔ Ȑȏ ȥȚȐȝ
șȓȖȊ Ȗȕ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȕȈȏȊȈȓ ȒȓȐȟȒț ȥȚȖȋȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌ-
ȕȍȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ

12
— ǶȕȐ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ ȕȈȔ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȈȓȖ șȓȍȌȖȊ ȕȖ ȗȘȐ țȔȍȓȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ Ȑ ȥȚȐȝ șȊȍȌȍ-
ȕȐȑ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȊȣșȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ
ǰ Ȕȣ ȥȚȖ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǷȍȚȘȖȊ Ȋȣ șȍȑȟȈș
ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȔȖșȒȖȊșȒȐȍ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȣ Ȑ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ Ȋȣ-
ȝȖȌȧȡȐȍ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ — ȊȏȧȚȤ
ȗȖȌ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍ Ȋșȍȝ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȦȡȐȝ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȣ
Ȋșȍȝ ȖȚȢȍȏȎȈȦȡȐȝ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȓȐȞ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȗȖȌ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍ
Ȋșȍȝ ȜȈȔȐȓȐȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȚșȧ ș ©ǩțȓȤª ȕȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȌȍȘ-
ȎȐȊȈȚȤ Ȑ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȚȤ ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ǹȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ
ȌȖȕȖșȐȚȤ Ȕȕȍ
DZșȎȐȎ ,,,
ǶDZǾǮ ǰ ǸǼȆǸǶ-ǺȉȆǸǶ
Ǫ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ, ȒȈȒ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ șȖ șȊȖȐȔȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈȔȐ ȉȍș-
șȐȓȤȕȣȑ ȟȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȔȍȚȈȓșȧ ȗȖ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ
ȐȡȈ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȔȖȋȓȐ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȐȒȐ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ©ȋȖșȗȖȌȈª ȍȋȖ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȕȖ țȌȐȘȈȓȐ ǷȍȘȍȌ
ȊȣȝȖȌȖȔ ȗȈ țȓȐȞț ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț Ȋșȍȝ ȏȈȌȍȘȎȈȓ
— ǪȣȝȖȌȐȚȍ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ ȗȖ ȖȌȕȖȔț Ȑ ȕȍ ȚȖȘȖȗȧșȤ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȕȍ ȕȈȊȓȍȟȤ ȕȈ șȍȉȧ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȕȐȑ Ǫ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȈȝ ȚȈȒȎȍ
ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȒȚȖ ȕȈȠȐ ȊȘȈȋȐ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț Ȕȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ
ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȊȣȝȖȌȧȡȐȝ Ȑȏ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ —
ȉȖȧȚȤșȧ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ — ȖȕȐ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ ȌțȔȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ
Ȕȣ ȘȈȏȉȍȎȈȓȐșȤ țȎȍ ȗȖ ǴȖșȒȊȍ
ǺȤȔȈ ȕȖȟȕȈȧ ȋțșȚȖ ȖșȍȓȈ ȕȈȌ ǴȖșȒȊȖȑ Ǫ  ȋȖȌț ȍȡȍ
ȘȍȌȒȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȜȖȕȈȘȐ ȕȈ țȓȐȞȈȝ Ȑ ȌȖȔȈ Ȋ ȗȖȓțȔȘȈȒȍ ș Ȗȉ-
ȓțȗȐȊȠȍȑșȧ ȠȚțȒȈȚțȘȒȖȑ ȐȔȍȓȐ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖ-ȗȘȐȏȘȈȟȕȣȑ
ȊȐȌ ǭșȓȐ ȌȕȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȒȐ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚ-
ȕȖ ȊȣȗȐȘȈȓȐ ȚȖ ȕȖȟȤȦ ǴȖșȒȊȈ ȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȉȖȋȈȚȣȔ șȒȈȏȖȟȕȣȔ
ȋȖȘȖȌȖȔ ǺȤȔȈ șȒȘȣȊȈȓȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȒȘȈȠȐȊȈȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȒȐ
ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȍ ȉȘȍȠȐ Ȑ ȓȖȝȔȖȚȤȧ

13
ǩțȓȤȒȖȊț ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȊȠȍȔț ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȔȐȔȖ ȌȊȍȘȍȑ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈ-
ȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȗȖȔȕȐȓȖșȤ ȓȐȞȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ ǩȖȓȤȠȖȑ
ȕȖș ȟțȚȤ ȐșȒȘȐȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ Ȋ ȌȍȚșȚȊȍ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ șșȖȘȣ
ȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȤ țȋȖșȚȐȓ ȒȈȔȕȍȔ
 ȒȖȎȈȕȈȧ ȟȍȘȕȈȧ ȜțȘȈȎȒȈ ȍȓȍ
ȗȘȐȒȘȣȊȈȦȡȈȧ ȒȖȗȕț ȓȤȕȧȕȣȝ ȊȖȓȖș Ȑ șȍȘȣȍ ȕȍȘȊȕȣȍ ȋȓȈ-
ȏȈ ǻȊȐȌȍȊȠȍȔț ȍȋȖ ǩțȓȤȒȖȊț șȚȈȓȖ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖ șȍȉȍ Ȑ Ȗȕ
ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȖșȒȖȘȍȍ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ ǺȖ Ȏȍ ȗȖȚȖȘȖȗȐȓȐșȤ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ Ȑ
ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ
ǹ ȥȚȖȑ Ȏȍ ȕȖȟȐ ȕȈ Ȋșȍȝ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈȝ Ȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȈȝ ȊȣȝȖȌȧȡȐȝ
Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȉȣȓȐ țșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȣ ȌȍȎțȘșȚȊȈ Ǫ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȘȖ-
ȊȍȘȒȈ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȖȊ ȉȣȓȈ ȧȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȉȣȟȕȣȔ ȕȍ ȊȣȏȣȊȈȦ-
ȡȐȔ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȕȐȑ ǷȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȐ ǿDz ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ȜȐȓȤȚȘȖȊȈȓȐ Ȋșȍȝ țȍȏȎȈȦȡȐȝ ȕȖ ȉȍȏȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȕȖ
ǺȈȒ ȉȣȓȖ Ȋ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȍȕȐȍ ȌȊțȝ Ȍȕȍȑ
Ǫșȍ ȥȚȐ ȌȕȐ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȝȖȌȐȓ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȔȍȠȈȕȕȣȑ Ƕȕ Ȟȍ-
ȗȓȧȓșȧ ȏȈ ȖȉȘȣȊȖȒ ȌțȔȈȧ ȌȖȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȌȖ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȋȖ ȒȓțȉȒȈ
DzȈȎȌȖȋȖ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȏȈȌȍȘȎȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȈȋȍȕȚȈ-
ȔȐ ǿDz ȗȖ ȚȖȔț ȐȓȐ ȌȘțȋȖȔț ȗȖȊȖȌț Ȗȕ ȗȘȖȡțȗȣȊȈȓ ȖșȚȖ-
ȘȖȎȕȖ șȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ Ƕȕ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȟȈșȚȖ ȒȘțȗȕȣȍ ȗȘȍșȚțȗ-
ȕȐȒȐ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȊȈȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȗțșȚȧȒȈȝ ǵȖ ȗȖȗȈȌȈȓȐșȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȕȍȓ-
ȒȐȍ ȊȖȘȐȠȒȐ ȗȤȧȕȐȞȣ ȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȖ-
ȉȐȚȤșȧ
ǪȣșȠȍȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȤșȚȊȖ ȗȖȌ ȓȐȟȕțȦ ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖȘț-
ȟȐȓȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȔț ȘȈșȒȘȣȚȤ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȦ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȗȕ șȈȔ
ȕȈȚȒȕțȓșȧ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ
ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȍ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘȈ ǸțȉȓȍȊȈ ȦȚȐȓșȧ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
ȗȘȐȚȖȕ ȒțȌȈ șȖȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ ȌȍȓȤȞȣ ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȉȐȘȎȐ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȐȧȚ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȧȗȘȍȗȘȖȊȖȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȐȓȐ Ȋ ȝțȌȠȍȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȠȈȑȒȈ
ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȕȖ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ șȍȘȌȞȍ ǴȖșȒ-
Ȋȣ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȖȒȖȓȖ dzțȉȧȕȒȐ șȊȐȓȈ șȊȖȍ ȋȕȍȏȌȖ ȒȘțȗȕȈȧ ȏȈ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȡȐȞȒȈȧ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧ țȎȍ ȗȖȌȋȖȚȖȊȐȊȠȈȧ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ
Ȗ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ Ȗȕ ȚȈȒ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ țȏȕȈȓ ȅȚȖ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ ȕțȎȕȖ
ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȚȤ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ ȞȍȕȖȑ șȖȉșȚ-
ȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ
ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȗȘȖșȚȐȚȤ șȍȉȍ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȏȈ ȗȘȖȔȈȝ ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȑ Ȗȕ șȌȍȓȈȓ Ȋ ȚȖȚ Ȏȍ ȊȍȟȍȘ ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȚȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȖȒȘțȎȐȓ
ȒȊȈȘȚȈȓ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȈȧ ǸțȉȓȍȊȈ șȖ Ȋșȍȝ
șȚȖȘȖȕ ȚȖ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȐȒȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȉȣ ȗȖȑȔȈȕȣ

14
Ǩ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȑȝ țȎȍ ȕȍȚ șȖȊșȍȔ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ǴȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȖȕȐ ȗȍȘȍȊȍȓȐ șȊȖȑ ȞȍȕȚȘ Ȋ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȋȖȘȖȌ
ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȏȈȗȘȖșȐȓ ȘȧȌ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ ȕȈ-
șȣȡȍȕȕȣȝ ȒȖȕȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȣȔȐ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȈȔȐ ȕȖ ȖȚȚțȌȈ
ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȜț șȖȖȉȡȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȌȈȕȕȣȝ Ȗ ȒȈȒȐȝ-ȓȐȉȖ
ȒȖȕȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȣȝ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧȝ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ
©ǿȐșȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȚ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȣ șȘȈȏț ȊȐȌȕȖ ȔȈȚȍȘȣȝ ȒȖȕȚȘ-
ȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȍȘȖȊ ȗȖȓțȟȐȊȠȐȝ ȝȖȘȖȠțȦ ȗȖȌȗȖȓȤȕțȦ ȗȘȈȒ-
ȚȐȒț ȒȖȕșȗȐȘȈȞȐȐ — ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȧȚ ȥșȍȘȣª — ȌțȔȈȓ
ȊȘȍȔȍȕȈȔȐ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
ǷȖȒȈ Ȏȍ Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ Ȋ ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȗțșȚȣȝ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȑ ǵȐ
ȖȌȕȖȑ ȕȐȚȐ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ țȎȍ ȌțȔȈȓ șȕȧȚȤ ș ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȌȍȎțȘ-
șȚȊȈ
DZșȎȐȎ ,9
ǽǶǾ ǻǮ ǾǮDzǼǿȀȍȃ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ șȖ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ șȖȏȌȈȕȕȖȑ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘ-
șȒȖȑ ǸțȉȓȍȊȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ șȚȈȓ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ șȚȈȓ ȐșȒȈȚȤ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȗȘȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȐșȚȈȕȐȡȈ ȒțȌȈ ȉȣ
ȗȖ ȍȋȖ ȊȣȘȈȎȍȕȐȦ ©ȟȍȒȐșȚșȒȐȍ ȐȡȍȑȒȐª Ȑ ȕȖșȈ ȕȍ ȗȖșȔȍ-
ȓȐ șțȕțȚȤ ǰ ȏȈ ȥȚȐ ȌȊȈ Ȍȕȧ Ȗȕ ȌȖșȚȐȋ ȔȕȖȋȖȋȖ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȍȘȊȣȝ Ȏȍ Ȍȕȍȑ ǶȒȚȧȉȘȤșȒȖȑ ȘȍȊȖȓȦ-
ȞȐȐ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȖȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȖȑ ȗȖȉȍȌȐȚȤ ǸȍșȗțȉȓȐȒț ǹȖ-
ȊȍȚȖȊ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ Ȑ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȚȖȋȌȈ Ȏȍ Ȗȕ șȌȍȓȈȓ ȊȐȌ ȟȚȖ șȖȟțȊșȚ-
ȊțȍȚ ȊșȍȔ ȗȖȉȍȌȈȔ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚȈ
DzȈȒ ȊȖȍȕșȗȍȞț ȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒț șȚȈȘȖȑ ȈȘȔȐȐ ȍȔț ȗȘȍȌȓȖ-
ȎȍȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȕȧȚȤ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȖșȚȖȊ Ȋ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȔ
ȠȚȈȉȍ ǸDzDzǨ ȅȚȖ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓȖ ȍȋȖ ȞȍȓȧȔ Ȑ Ȗȕ șȖȋȓȈșȐȓșȧ Ǫ Țȍ-
ȟȍȕȐȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕșȒȖȑ ȊȖȑȕȣ Ȗȕ țȔȍȓȖ ȓȖȊȒȖ
Ȑ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȚȖȘȔȖȏȐȓ ȝȖȌ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȔȈȠȐȕȣ
ǹ ȖȌȕȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȋȓȈȏȈȝ ȊȣșȠȍȋȖ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȊȈȕȐȧ
ȌȍȓȈȓ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐȕȍșȚȐ ȗȖȓȤ-

15
ȏț șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐ Ȋ ȕȍșȓȣȝȈȕȕȖȑ ȚȘțȌȕȍȑȠȍȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ Ȉ ș
ȌȘțȋȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ Ȗȕ ȊșȧȒȐȔȐ ȚȈȑȕȣȔȐ ȔȈȝȐȕȈȞȐȧȔȐ ȚȖȘ-
ȔȖȏȐȓ Țț Ȏȍ ȘȈȉȖȚț ǵȖ ȌȍȓȈȓ Ȗȕ ȥȚȖ ȚȈȒ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣș-
Ƞȍȍ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȍșȓȐ Ȑ ȕȍ șȟȐȚȈȓȖ ȍȋȖ șȊȖȐȔ ȌȘțȋȖȔ ȚȖ
ȊȖ ȊșȧȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȊȐȌȍȓȖ Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȓȖȧȓȤȕȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ȋȘȈȎ-
ȌȈȕȐȕȈ Ȑ ȊȍȘȐȓȖ ȍȔț
ȅȚȐȔ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓșȧ ȒȈȒ ȔȖȋ ǭșȓȐ ȍȔț ȓȍȋȈȓȤȕȖ
ȕȍ țȌȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȗȖȓțȟȐȚȤ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȍ șȍȒȘȍȚȕȣȍ șȊȍ-
ȌȍȕȐȧ — Ȗȕ Ȑȝ ȒȘȈȓ ȗȖȌȌȍȓȣȊȈȓ ȒȓȦȟȐ ȗȖȌȗȐșȐ ȗȍȟȈȚȐ
Ƕȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȑ șȉȣȚ ȊșȍȔ ȥȚȐȔ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧȔ Ȋ ȗȖșȖȓȤ-
șȚȊȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȊșȧȟȍșȒȐ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȓȖ ȍȋȖ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȕȐȧ Ǩ Ȋ
ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȍ ȔțȌȘȖ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȘțȒȈ ȏȈȗȈȌȕȣȝ ȉțȘȎțȈȏ-
ȕȣȝ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊ
ǩȣȓȐ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊț ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȖȚ ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȍȕȍȑ Ȑ ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ǸȍșȗțȉȓȐȒȈ ȘȈșȗȈȌȍȚșȧ ȒȈȒ ȌȣȔ
— ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȞȍȗȒȐȍ ȊȘȈȎȍșȒȐȍ ȗȈȓȤȞȣ ȗȖȌ-
ȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȑ ȈȘȚȍȘȐȐ ǸȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ — Ȓ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ǺȖȋȌȈ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ șȍȉȧ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ șȐȓȤȕȣȔ Ȑ ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȖ
ȕȈȋȓȣȔ DzȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȍȔț ȚȖȋȌȈ ȟȚȖ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȒȘȐȒȕțȚȤ ȗȖ-
șȚȈȘȖȔț ©ǹȔȐȘȕȖª — Ȑ ȊȖȚ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȐȚȐȝȕȍȚ Ȑ ȊȣȚȧȕȍȚșȧ ȗȍ-
ȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ Ȋ șȚȘțȕȒț
ǵȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȥȚȖ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ DzȘȈșȕȈȧ ȈȘȔȐȧ ȊȖȗȘȍȒȐ ȍȋȖ Ȏȍ-
ȓȈȕȐȧȔ Ȑ ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȌȓțȦ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȉȘȈȓȈ ȖȌȕț ȗȖȏȐ-
ȞȐȦ ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȖȚȉȘȈșȣȊȈȧ ȜȘȖȕȚ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȕȈ Ȧȋ
ǰ ȚȖȋȌȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓ șȊȖȍ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȕȈ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ
©ȊȏȘȣȊȈ ȐȏȕțȚȘȐª
ǵȈ ǬȍȘȐșȓȈȊșȒȖȑ țȓȐȞȍ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȕȧȒȍ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖșȖȓȤ-
șȚȊȈ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȚȊȍȌȍȕȖ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖȍ ȗȖ-
ȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ ǵȈ ȥȚȖȑ ©ȕȍȑȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑª ȗȖȟȊȍ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȖȟțȊșȚ-
ȊȖȊȈȓ șȍȉȧ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȓȍȗȕȖ
ǻȌȖȉșȚȊȖ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧ șȖșȚȖȧȓȖ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ
ȒȘȖȔȍ ȗȈȘȈȌȕȖȋȖ ȊȝȖȌȈ ȐȔȍȓșȧ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȕȧȒȍ ȍȡȍ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȗȖ-
ȚȈȑȕȖȑ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȕȣȑ ȝȖȌ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȑ Ȋ ȘȈȏȊȈȓȐȕȣ șȖșȍȌ-
ȕȍȋȖ ȌȖȔȈ ǷȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȝȖȌț ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȖȑȚȐ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ
ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ
©ǵț-ȒȈ ȗțșȚȤ ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȦȚ șțȕțȚȤ șȦȌȈ ȕȖș ȟȍȒȐșȚșȒȐȍ
ȐȡȍȑȒȐª — ȌțȔȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ

16
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȍȕȤ Ȋșȍ ȟȓȍȕȣ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȐȏȊȍȡȍȕȣ Ȗ
ȕȖȊȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ șȉȖȘȐȡȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ șȊȖȍȖȉȘȈȏȕȣȑ ȗȖȟȚȖȊȣȑ ȧȡȐȒ
Ȋ ȚțȔȉȍ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ șȈȌȈ
ǪȍȟȍȘȖȔ șȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȍșȧ ȟȓȍȕȣ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐ-
ȧȚȕȖ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȣ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȓȍȗȕȖ șȍȘȊȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ șȚȖȓ ș
ȠȈȔȗȈȕșȒȐȔ Ȑ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȏȈȒțșȒȈȔȐ ǷȖȌ ȥȓȍȒȚ-
ȘȐȟȍșȚȊȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȓȐȊȈȧșȤ ȉȓȍșȚȍȓ ȝȘțșȚȈȓȤ ȖȚȓȐȊȈȓȖșȤ șȐ-
ȕȍȊȈȚȣȔȐ ȚȍȕȧȔȐ șȚȖȓȖȊȖȍ șȍȘȍȉȘȖ
— ǵȍ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȘȐȋȓȈȠȈȧ Ȓ
șȚȖȓț — ȗȍȘȍȎȐȊȈȚȤ ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ Ȑ ȚȘȍȊȖȋȐ ȊȘȖȌȍ ȊȟȍȘȈȠȕȍȑ
ǵȈȌȖ Ȏ Ȑ ȖȚȌȖȝȕțȚȤ Ȑ ȗȖȊȍșȍȓȐȚȤșȧ
ǪȐȌ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȊȠȐȝ ȕȐșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ ȋȈȘȔȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȓ ș
ȚȈȒȖȑ ȖȉșȚȈȕȖȊȒȖȑ ǴȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ șȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ ȗȐȌȎȈȒȐ ȒȖșȖȊȖ-
ȘȖȚȒȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȚȖ ȋȐȔȕȈșȚȍȘȒȐ Ǫșȍ ȌȍȓȈȓȖ ȊȍȟȍȘ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ
șȚȘȈȕȕȣȔ Ȑ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȓȖ Ȗ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ
— ǻ ȕȈș ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ ȏȌȍșȤ ȊȍȌȤ ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȋȈȘȌȍ-
ȘȖȉ ȓȦȉȍȏȕȖ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȕȈȔ ȕȈȠȐȔȐ șȊȈȓȐȑșȒȐȔȐ
ȌȘțȏȤȧȔȐ — Ȍȓȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȋȖ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȧ Ȕȣ ȔȖȎȍȔ ȊȍȌȤ Ȑ
ȗȘȐȖȌȍȚȤșȧ ȟȚȖȉȣ țȎȍ ȕȐȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȕȈȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ ȕȈȔ Ȗȉ
ȥȚȐȝ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȣȝ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȈȝ
— ǩȘȈȊȖ ȉȘȈȊȖ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ — ȔȖȓȖȌȟȈȋȈ — ȗȖȌȝȊȈȚȐȓȐ șȘȈ-
ȏț ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȋȖȓȖșȖȊ
— ǵȈȌȖ Ȏȍ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ Ȑ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȈȚȤ Ȓ ȗȘȐȓȐȟȕȖȑ ȖȌȍȎ-
Ȍȍ — ȏȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȓȍȚ țȎȍ ȖȚȊȣȒȓȐ
ǹȒȖȘȖ ȏȈ șȚȖȓȖȔ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȐșȤ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ ȜȘȈȒȐ ȏȊȍȏȌȣ ȖȘ-
ȌȍȕȈ ȚțȋȐȍ ȒȘȈȝȔȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȊȖȘȖȚȕȐȟȒȐ ȚȖȕȒȐȑ ȏȈȗȈȝ ȜȘȈȕ-
ȞțȏșȒȐȝ ȌțȝȖȊ ǯȈȏȊȍȕȍȓȐ ȘȦȔȒȐ ȏȈȝȓȖȗȈȓȐ ȗȘȖȉȒȐ ȘȈȏ-
ȌȈȓȐșȤ ȕȈȗȣȡȍȕȕȣȍ ȊȣȓȖȡȍȕȕȣȍ ȚȖșȚȣ — ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȈȧ
ȘȍȟȤ
DzȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȚȖșȚ ȏȈ țȌȈȟț ȗȖȘțȟȐȒț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖ-
Ȕț ǷȘȐȕȧȓ ȚȖșȚ Ȑ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ ȇȏȣȒ țȎȍ ȗȘȐȓȐȟȕȖ
ȘȈȏȔȧȒȠȐȑ ȖȚ ȠȈȔȗȈȕșȒȖȋȖ ȉȣȓ ȚȧȎȍȓ Ȑ ȕȍȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȓȐȊ
— ȇ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȔ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȔț ȊȈȠȍ ȋȖ-
Șȧȟȍȍ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ Ȑ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȒț ǯȈȊȚȘȈ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ Ȕȣ ș ȋȖșȗȖ-
ȌȐȕȖȔ ǩȍȘȋȖȔ ȉțȌȍȔ țȎȍ Ȋ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ Ȕȣ șȌȍȓȈȍȔ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ
ȞȍȕȚȘȖȔ șȗȈșȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ȗȖȘțȋȈȕȕȖȑ ȐȏȊȍȘȋȈȔȐ
ǸȖȌȐȕȣ

17
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊ ȖȚ ȠȈȔȗȈȕșȒȖȋȖ ȖȚ ȖȉȐȓȤȕȣȝ
ȏȈȒțșȖȒ ȖȚ ȧȘȒȖȋȖ șȊȍȚȈ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȍ șȚȈȓȖ ȠțȔȕȣȔ Ȑ ȗȤȧȕȖ
ȘȈȏȕȖȧȏȣȟȕȣȔ DzȚȖ-ȚȖ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȈȘȔȍȑșȒȐȑ ȈȕȍȒ-
ȌȖȚ Ȗ ȌȍȕȡȐȒȍ Ȑ ȖȜȐȞȍȘȍ ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȖ-ȔȈȚȍȘȕȖȔț ȏȓȖ Ȑ ȋȘȖȔ-
ȒȖ ȘțȋȈȓșȧ ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȍȓ ȏȈȗȓȍȚȈȦȡȐȔșȧ ȧȏȣȒȖȔ ©ǩȖȎȍ ǾȈ-
Șȧ ȝȘȈȕȐª ©ȇȉȓȖȟȒȖª ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ ȌȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ ȗȘȍȊȖșȝȖȌșȚȊȖ Șțș-
șȒȖȑ ȈȘȔȐȐ ȕȈȌ ȊșȧȒȖȑ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȓ ȉȓȍșȚȧȡȐȍ ȗȈ-
ȘȈȌȣ Ȑ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȘțȋȈȓșȧ Ȑ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȗȍȓ
Ǩ Ȋ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȠȈȋȈȝ ȏȈ șȚȍȕȈȔȐ șȊȈȓȐȑșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖșȖȓȤ-
șȒȖȋȖ ȖșȖȉȕȧȒȈ ȋȖȘȍȓȐ Ȋ ȒȘȈșȕȖȔ ȖȋȕȍȕȕȖȔ ȗȖȎȈȘȍ ȘȖșșȐȑ-
șȒȐȍ ȗȘȖșȚȖȘȣ ȉȐȓșȧ ȋȖȘȧȟȐȔ ȒȓȦȟȖȔ Ȗȋȕȍȕȕȣȑ ȗțȓȤș Șȍ-
ȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ șȘȣȊȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȚȘȧȗȒȐ ȋȕȐȓȐ Ȑ ȔȐȠțȘȣ
ȉȣȊȠȍȑ ȘȖșșȐȑșȒȖȑ ȖȋȖȓȚȍȓȖȑ ȌȍȘȎȈȊȣ
DZșȎȐȎ 9
ǮǾdzǻǿǸǼǺȁ ǻdz ǰdzǵdzȀ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȍ șȗȈȓ ȊșȦ ȕȖȟȤ ǪșȦ ȕȖȟȤ Ȗȕ ȘȣșȒȈȓ ș Ȉȋȍȕ-
ȚȈȔȐ ȗȖ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ǻȚȘȖȔ Ȗȕ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊ Șȣȓșȧ Ȋ ȈȌȘȍș-
ȕȖȔ șȚȖȓȍ ȗȘȖșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȧ Ȋșȍ ȜȈȔȐȓȐȐ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȊȠȐȍșȧ ȕȈ
©ǩțȓȤª — ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȓȖșȤ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȜȈȔȐȓȐȑ ȕȈ ©ǩțȓª ȕȖ ȉȍȏ Ȕȧȋ-
ȒȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȒȈ
ǸȈȏȉȐȚȣȑ Ȑ țșȚȈȓȣȑ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȗȕ Ȋ șȊȖȑ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ Ȑ, șȐ-
Ȍȧ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȊ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈ șȚȖȓ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ Ȑ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖ ȏȈșȕțȓ ǸȈȏ-
ȉțȌȐȓ ȍȋȖ ȘȍȏȒȐȑ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ ȏȊȖȕȖȒ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȍȌȖȊȖȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ Ȑ șȖȕȕȣȑ șȕȧȓ ȚȘțȉȒț ǪȌȘțȋ Ȗȕ ȒȈȒ ȖȚ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒȖ-
ȋȖ ȚȖȒȈ ȗȖȌșȒȖȟȐȓ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȕȈȗȧȓȐȓ ȕȈ șȊȖȦ ȊȏȓȖȝȔȈȟȍȕȕțȦ
ȠȍȊȍȓȦȘț ȜțȘȈȎȒț Ȑ ȊȣȉȍȎȈȓ
ǬȍȎțȘȕȣȑ ȈȋȍȕȚ șȖȖȉȡȐȓ ș ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȖȊ Ȗ ȟȍȓȖ-
ȊȍȒȍ ȜȈȔȐȓȐȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȓȈșȤ ș ©ǩțȓȤª ȅȚȖȚ
Ȏȍ ȈȋȍȕȚ șȖȖȉȡȐȓ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȖȚȖȑȚȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ
ȗȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ

18
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓ ȕȈ țȓȐȞț ǵȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ-
ȊȖȏȟȐȒȈ ȌȈ Ȑ ȕȐ ȖȌȐȕ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒ ȕȍ țșȗȍȓ ȉȣ ȌȖȊȍșȚȐ ǨȘȍȕ-
șȒȖȋȖ ȌȖ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȗȧȚȐ ȔȐȕțȚ ǸȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȧ Ȗ ȚȖȔ
ȒȈȒ ȉȣȚȤ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȌȘțȋ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȚȈȘȈȝȚȍȕȤȍ ȔȖȚȖȞȐȒȓȈ
ǹȒȖȘȖ ȔȖȚȖȞȐȒȓ ȊȣȕȣȘȕțȓ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȚȤ-
șȧ ǸȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȚȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ DzȖȋȌȈ ȔȖȚȖȞȐȒȓ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȓ-
șȧ ș ȕȐȔ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȓȖȊȒȐȔ țȌȈȘȖȔ ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȚȤ Ȑ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ
 ȊȣȠȐȉ Ȑȏ șȍȌȓȈ șȍȌȖȒȈ Ȑ ȊȞȍȗȐȓ-
șȧ Ȋ ȘțȓȤ ǴȖȚȖȞȐȒȓȍȚ ȟțȚȤ ȕȈȒȘȍȕȐȓșȧ ȕȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȍ
ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȧ ȝȖȌȈ ȗȖȗȘȈȊȐȓ ȍȋȖ țșȍȓșȧ ȒȘȍȗȟȍ Ȑ ȕȈȌȈȊȐȓ
ȘȍȋțȓȧȚȖȘ ǴȖȚȖȞȐȒȓȍȚ ȊȏȊȣȓ ȘȊȈȕțȓșȧ ȒȈȒ ȕȍȖȉȢȍȏȎȍȕ-
ȕȣȑ ȒȖȕȤ ȗȖȌȗȘȣȋȕțȊ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȉȍȠȍȕȖ ȗȖȔȟȈȓ
ȊȗȍȘȍȌ
— ǬȍȘȎȐ ȍȋȖ ȌȍȘȎȐ — șȒȊȖȏȤ șȊȐșȚ ȊȍȚȘȈ șȓȣȠȈȓ ǨȘȍȕ-
șȒȐȑ ǷȖȚȖȔ șȏȈȌȐ ȋțȓȒȖ ȓȖȗȕțȓ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ ȌȏȐȒȕțȓȈ ȔȐȔȖ
țȝȈ ȗțȓȧ
©ǪȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ ȌțȔȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȉȈȕȌȐȚª — ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȈ ȔȣșȓȤ Ȋ
ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ Ȗȕ țȓȣȉȕțȓșȧ ȖȚ ȥȚȖȑ ȔȣșȓȐ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȍ ȖȗȖȏȌȈȓ — ȌȖ ȖȚȝȖȌȈ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȍȡȍ
ȖȒȖȓȖ ȌȊțȝ ȔȐȕțȚ Ƕȕ ȘȈȏȣșȒȈȓ ȌȍȎțȘȕȖȋȖ ȈȋȍȕȚȈ
— ǫȌȍ"
— Ƕȕ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȠȍȓ șȈȌȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕ — Ȑȝ ȌȊȖȍ ȖȌȐȕ
ș ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔȐ ȘȣȎȐȔȐ țșȈȔȐ ȟȍȘȕȖȔȈȏȣȑ Ȋ șȍȘȖȑ ȜțȘȈȎȒȍ
— șȈȔȣȑ ȗȖ ȜȈȔȐȓȐȐ ǩțȓȤȒȖȊ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȝțȌȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȗȓȦȋȈ-
Ȋȣȑ — ǩȍȘȋ ǩȐȓȍȚȣ ȌȖ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȚȖȘȖȗȧșȤ șȍȓ Ȋ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȘȈȏȣșȒȈȓ Ȋ ȊȈ-
ȋȖȕȈȝ ȘȣȎȐȍ țșȣ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȐ ǩțȓȤȒȖȊȈ Ȑ ȏȈ-
ȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȊȍȘȝȕȦȦ șȊȖȉȖȌȕțȦ ȗȖȓȒț ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȕȍ
ȊȣȗțșȒȈȚȤ Ȑȝ Ȑȏ ȊȐȌț
©ǵȖ ȚȖȚ ȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕțȎȍȕ — ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ
Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ ȧ ȌȍȓȈȦ ȊȗțșȚțȦ" ǰ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȥȚȖȚ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȍȞ ȕȍȗȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȕȖ ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ Ȉ ȕȍ ǩțȓȤȕȍȊ ȐȓȐ ǩțȓȤȊȐȒ"ª
ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȚȖȓȒȕțȓ Ȋ ȉȖȒ ǩȍȘȋȈ Ȑ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȋ
țȉȖȘȕțȦ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȊșȓȍȌ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ ǩȍȘȋ
ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ ȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȓșȧ
— ǩȍȘȋ ȏȈ ȕȈȔȐ șȓȍȌȧȚ
ǩȍȘȋ ȖȗȈșȓȐȊȖ Ȗȋȓȧȕțȓșȧ

19
— ǹȓȍȊȈ ȕȈ ȊȍȘȝȕȍȑ ȗȖȓȒȍ ȟȍȒȐșȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȧ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȚȖ-
ȋȌȈ ȗȘȐ ȊȣȝȖȌȍ Ȑȏ ȗȈȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ȇ ȍȋȖ șȘȈȏț țȏȕȈȓ
ǩȍȘȋ ȗȖȉȓȍȌȕȍȓ Ȑ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖ Ȑ ȘȈșșȓȈȉȓȍȕȕȖ ȖȗȍȘșȧ Ȗ șȚȍ-
ȕț ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ǵȐȎȕȧȧ ȋțȉȈ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȗȓȈȒșȐȊȖ ȏȈȌȘȖȎȈȓȈ
— ǵ-ȕȖ ȔȖȎȍȚ Ț-Țȣ ȖȠȐȉșȧ" — ȗȘȖȉȖȘȔȖȚȈȓ Ȗȕ
— ǶȠȐȉșȧ ȧ ȐȓȐ ȕȍ ȖȠȐȉșȧ ȕȖ ȊȖ ȊșȧȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȕȈȌȖ
ȉȣȚȤ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȣȔ Ȑ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȐȚȤșȧ ȒȖ ȊșȧȒȐȔ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȕȖ-
șȚȧȔ Ȑ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȧȔ Ǩ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ, ȕȍ ȗȖȌȈȊȈȚȤ ȊȐȌȈ ǩȍ-
ȎȈȚȤ Ȏȍ ȕȍȒțȌȈ ȌȈ Ȑ ȉȍșȗȖȓȍȏȕȖ Ȑ ȝțȎȍ ǵȈȔ ȕțȎȕȖ —
ȚțȚ ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ ȕȈȋȕțȓșȧ Ȓ țȝț ǩȍȘȋȈ Ȑ ȏȈȠȍȗȚȈȓ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ
***
ǷȖȍȏȌ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ ȗȖȏȌȕȖ ȕȖȟȤȦ ǵȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ
șȚȈȕȞȐȦ ȗȘȐȒȘȣȓȈ ȕȖȟȕȈȧ ȚȤȔȈ ȋțșȚȈȧ ȊȧȏȒȈȧ Ȑ Ȋ ȕȍȑ Ȏȍȓ-
ȚȣȔȐ ȕȍțȊȍȘȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȗȧȚȕȈȔȐ ȋȖȘȍȓȐ șȚȈȕȞȐȖȕȕȣȍ ȜȖȕȈ-
ȘȐ ǪȌȈȓȐ ȏȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȍȑ ȕȈ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȌȊțȝ ȊȍȘșȚ ȧȘȒȐȔȐ
ȔȍȓȒȐȔȐ ȚȖȟȒȈȔȐ ȋȖȘȍȓȐ ȖȋȕȐ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ
ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ Ȑ ǩȍȘȋ ȕȍȚȖȘȖȗȓȐȊȖ șȖȠȓȐ ș ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
șȓȣȠȈȓ ȒȈȒ șȚȖȧȊȠȐȑ ȕȈ ȗȓȈȚȜȖȘȔȍ ǩȍȘȋ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǩțȓȤȒȐ-
ȕț
— Ǻȣ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ ȕȍȚ ȓȐ ȏȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȍȑ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒȈ Ȉ ȧ ȗȖȑ-
Ȍț ȊȣȗȤȦ ȊȖȌȣ
ǯȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȍȑ ȌȖ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ȚȧȕțȓȖșȤ ȗȖȓȍ ǶȒȖȓȖ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȕȍ
ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȌțȠȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ǩȍȘȋ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ
— Ǫșȍ șȌȍȓȈȕȖ — ȚȐȝȖ Ƞȍȗȕțȓ Ȗȕ ǩțȓȤȒȐȕț
— ǿȍȘȚ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ — ȋȘȖȔȒȖ ȊȣȘțȋȈȓșȧ ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ — DzțȌȈ
ȗȖȌȍȊȈȓȐșȤ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒȐ ȝȖȚȤ ȉȣ ȖȌȐȕ ȌȤȧȊȖȓ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȍȡȍ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ȐȌȍȚ ȓȐ Ȗȕ ȗȖ
ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȔț șȓȍȌț ȐȓȐ ȕȍȚ
©ǵȍ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤșȧ ȓȐ"ª — ȘȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȓ Ȗȕ
ǵȖ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ ȗȘȖșȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȌȖ
ȒȖȕȞȈ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȝȖȌȐȓ șȖ șȒțȟȈȦȡȐȔ ȊȐȌȖȔ ȗȖ ȗȍȘȘȖȕț
ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȕȍ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȧ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ Ȑȏ ȊȐȌȈ ǩțȓȤȒȐȕȈ Ȑ ǩȍȘȋȈ
ǶȕȐ șȚȖȧȓȐ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȘȍȠȍȚȒȐ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȗȖșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȔȍȘ-

ȞȈȦȡȐȍ ȊȖ ȚȤȔȍ ȗȍȘȘȖȕȕȣȍ ȖȋȕȐ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȘȍȠȈȧșȤ ȍȡȍ
ȟȚȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ
— Ǩ ȊȍȌȤ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȌȖ țȚȘȈ — ȕȈȘȖȟȐ-
ȚȖ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ Ȑ ȌȖșȈȌȓȐȊȖ ȊȣȘȈȏȐȓ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ǩȍȘȋ
ǵȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ Ȑȏ ȚȤȔȣ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈ-
ȓȖșȤ ȞȖȒȈȕȤȍ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȝ ȒȖȗȣȚ Ȑ ȠțȘȠȈȡȐȑ ȏȊțȒ ȒȖȓȍș
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț ȖȒȖȓȖ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ șȐȓțȥȚ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒȈ
ǩțȓȤȒȐȕ Ȑ ǩȍȘȋ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȕȍȔț
ǷȘȐ ȊȐȌȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ șȊȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ
șȔȍȠȕȣȔ ǫȕȈȚȤșȧ ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ ȉȍȋȖȔ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȕȍȔȣșȓȐȔȖ
ȅȚȖȚ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒ ȘȈșșȚȘȈȐȊȈȓ ȍȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȣ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒ țșȈȌȐȊ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȊțȝ ȗȈșșȈ-
ȎȐȘȖȊ ȝȓȍșȚȕțȓ ȓȖȠȈȌȤ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȉȣșȚȘȖ țȌȈȓȧȚȤșȧ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȘȖȒȓȐȕȈȧ Ȋșȍ ȕȈ șȊȍȚȍ Ȑ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖ șȎȐȔȈȧ
ȒțȓȈȒȐ ȊȣȉȍȎȈȓ ȏȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȦ
ǷȘȍșȚțȗȕȐȒȐ ȖȗȧȚȤ țȌȐȘȈȓȐ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ șȈȔȖȋȖ ȍȋȖ ȕȖșȈ
ǪȌȘțȋ șȉȖȒț ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓȖșȤ ȚȈȘȈȝȚȍȕȤȍ ȗȖȌȢȍȏȎȈȊȠȍȋȖ
ȥȒȐȗȈȎȈ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȕȈȊșȚȘȍȟț
— ǵțȎȕȖ ȌȖȋȕȈȚȤ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖ-
ȍȝȈȓ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ȋȖȘȖȌț — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊșȒȈ-
ȒȐȊȈȧ ȕȈ ȝȖȌț Ȋ ȥȒȐȗȈȎ
ǷȖȒȈȟȐȊȈȧșȤ ȥȒȐȗȈȎ ȔȧȋȒȖ ȗȖȋȘțȏȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚț
ǷȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȗȈșȍȕȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒ ȘȈșșȚȖ-
ȧȕȐȍ ȔȍȎȌț ȍȝȈȊȠȐȔ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȐȏȊȖȏȟȐȒȖȔ Ȑ ȐȔ ȉȣșȚȘȖ șȖ-
ȒȘȈȡȈȓȖșȤ
DzȘțȋȖȔ ȓȍȎȈȓȈ ȋțșȚȈȧ ȕȍȗȘȖȕȐȞȈȍȔȈȧ ȚȤȔȈ Ǫ ȗȖȓȍ Ȍțȓ
șȣȘȖȑ ȗȈȝțȟȐȑ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȐȕȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȐȕȖșȐȊȠȐȑ ȖȌȐȕȖȒȐȍ ȒȈȗ-
ȓȐ ȌȖȎȌȧ ǷȖ ȏȍȔȓȍ ȗȖȓȏȓȐ șțȝȐȍ ȒȖȊȣȓȤȕȣȍ ȠȖȘȖȝȐ
ǸȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȌȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȥȒȐȗȈȎȈ ȉȣȓȖ țȎȍ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ-
ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȠȐȍ Ȓ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ țȎȍ țȓȈȊȓȐȊȈȓȐ
ȍȋȖ ȒȖȓȍȉȓȦȡȐȍșȧ ȒȖȕȚțȘȣ — ȒȈȒ ȊȌȘțȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝ ȗȘȖȘȍȏȈȓ ȒȈ-
ȒȖȑ-ȚȖ șȊȐșȚȧȡȐȑ ȏȊțȒ Ȑ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȠȍȦ
ȍȋȖ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ șȚȐșȕțȓȈ ȎȍșȚȒȈȧ ȊȍȘȍȊȖȟȕȈȧ ȗȍȚȓȧ

ǾȁǸǮ ǿȀǮȀȁǶ

22
DZșȎȐȎ 9,
ǼǯǼǾǼȀdzǻȊ ǰǼǹȅȊdzDZǼ ǼǰǾǮDZǮ
ǪȍȘșȚȈȝ Ȋ ȗȧȚȐ-ȠȍșȚȐ ȖȚ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȚȈȔ ȋȌȍ
țȏȍȕȤȒȈȧ ȕȖ ȉȣșȚȘȈȧ ȘȍȟȖȕȒȈ ǫȖȓȖȊȕȧ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȖȉȘȈȌȖȊȈȊ-
ȠȐșȤ Ȑ ȏȊȖȕȒȖ ȓȍȗȍȟȈ ȊȣșȒȈȒȐȊȈȍȚ Ȑȏ ȒȈȔȣȠȍȑ ȕȈ ȔȕȖȋȖ
ȊȍȘșȚ ȘȈșȒȐȕțȓșȧ ȋȓțȉȖȒȐȑ ȏȈȘȖșȠȐȑ ȓȍșȖȔ Ȑ ȕȍȗȘȖȓȈȏ-
ȕȣȔ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȖȔ ǪȖȓȟȐȑ ȖȊȘȈȋ
ǵȍ ȓȦȉȐȓȐ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȍ ȔȍȡȈȕȍ Ȑ șȖșȍȌȕȐȍ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ ȥȚȖ--
ȋȖ ȔȍșȚȈ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȍșȠȈȉȈȠȕȣȍ ȘȍȉȧȚȐȠȒȐ ȝȖȌȐȓȐ ȚțȌȈ
ȏȈ ȧȋȖȌȈȔȐ ȐȓȐ Ȋ ȓȍșȕȖȔ ȖȏȍȘȍ ȒȈȘȈșȍȑ Ȑ ȓȐȕȍȑ ȌȖȔȈȠȕȐ-
ȔȐ ȉȘȍȌȕȧȔȐ ȓȖȊȐȓȐ Ǹȣȉȣ ȥȚȖȑ ȚȈȔ ȊȖȌȐȓȖșȤ — ȝȖȚȤ Șț-
ȒȈȔȐ ȝȊȈȚȈȑ
ǭșȓȐ ȗȖȑȚȐ ȗȖ ȐȏȊȐȓȐșȚȖȑ ȚȘȖȗȐȕȒȍ șȗțșȒȈȦȡȍȑșȧ Ȋ
ȥȚȖȚ ȖȊȘȈȋ ȚȖ ȗȘȖȑȌȧ ȊȍȘșȚȣ ȚȘȐ ȉȖȓȖȚȕȐȒȖȔ Ȑ ȏȈȘȖșȓȧ-
ȔȐ țȊȐȌȐȠȤ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȊȣșȖȒțȦ ȌȊțȝȥȚȈȎȕțȦ ȉȈȠȍȕȒț ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȈȧ șȚȖȐȚ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț ȓȍșȕȖȋȖ ȖȏȍȘȈ ȚȧȕțȡȍȋȖșȧ ȊȍȘșȚ ȕȈ
ȗȧȚȤ Ȑ ȔȍșȚȈȔȐ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȖȋȖ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȑ Ȑ ȋțșȚȖȑ ȒțȋȖȑ Ǩ ȕȈ
ȖȏȍȘȍ ȉȓȐȎȍ Ȓ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖȗȖȓȖȎȕȖȔț ȉȍȘȍȋț — ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȖșȚ-
ȘȖȊȖȒ ȊșȍȋȖ ș ȗȖȓȊȍȘșȚȣ Ȋ ȖȒȘțȎȕȖșȚȐ ǶșȚȘȖȊȖȒ ȚȖȚ ǯȔȍȐ-
ȕȣȔ ȏȊȈȓȐ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȕȍȔ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȌȐȓȖșȤ ȋȈȌȦȒ
ǩȈȠȍȕȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȕȈ Ȍȓȧ ȉȈȘșȒȐȝ ȘȈȏȊȓȍȟȍȕȐȑ ȗȖ-
ȔȍȡȐȒȖȔ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȕȖȔ ȋȊȈȘȌȐȐ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊȐȟȍȔ ȍȡȍ Ȋ  ȋȖ-
Ȍț ǯȊȍȘȤ ȉȣȓ ȥȚȖȚ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȕ ȋȊȈȘȌȐȐ ǸȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȦȚ Ȗ ȕȍȔ
șȚȈȘȐȒȐ-ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ ȌȊțȝ ȌȍȊțȠȍȒ-șȍșȚȍȘ
ȎȐȊȣȔȐ Ȋ ȟȈȕ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȣȑ Ȑ șȍȟȒȈȔȐ ȟȚȖ ȘțȉȧȚ ȒȈȗțșȚț
ȕȈ ȒțșȒȐ ȐȏȘțȉȐȓ ȗȖșȖȓȐȓ Ȑ ȏȈșȚȈȊȐȓ ȖȚȞȈ ș ȔȈȚȍȘȤȦ ȍșȚȤ
ȥȚȖ ȒȘȖȊȈȊȖȍ ȔȍșȐȊȖ Ǩ ȘȈșșȍȘȌȐȓșȧ Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȌȍȊțȠȍȒ ȏȈ ȚȖ
ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ ȎȍȓȈȧ ȍȋȖ ȓȦȉȖȊȕȐȞȈȔȐ șȚȈȚȤ Ȑȏ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȐ șȉȍ-
ȎȈȓȐ Ȑ șȗȘȧȚȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȓȍșț ǶȚȍȞ ȖȚ ȥȚȖȑ ȉȈȘșȒȖȑ ȏȈȉȈȊȣ ȗȖ-
ȊȍșȐȓșȧ Ȉ ȔȈȚȤ ș țȔȈ șȖȠȓȈ Ȑ șȚȘȈȊȐȓ ȍȍ ȉȈȘȐȕ ȥȚȖȚ șȈȔȣȑ
ȉȖȘȏȣȔȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȚȍȝț șȍȉȍ
ǺȍȘȗȍȓȐ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ ȌȈ ȕȍȊȔȖȋȖȚț șȚȈȓȖ — ȗȖȑȔȈȓȐ ȒȈ-
ȗȐȚȈȕȈ ȕȈ ȖȝȖȚȍ ȖșȔȖȓȐȓȐ Ȑ ȎȐȊȤȍȔ șȖȎȋȓȐ Ȉ ȒȖșȚȐ Ȋ Ȗȏȍ-

23
ȘȖ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐ
ǰ ȗȖȠȓȈ ȔȖȓȊȈ ș Țȍȝ ȗȖȘ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȗȘȐȒȈȧȕȕȈȧ ȌțȠȈ ȒȈȗȐ--
ȚȈȕȈ ȗȖ ȓȍșț ȝȖȌȐȚ ȏȊȍȘȍȔ ȏȈȊȣȊȈȍȚ ȓȦȌșȒȖȑ ȒȘȖȊȐ ȐȡȍȚ
ǪȖȚ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȕȍ ȓȦȉȐȓȐ Ȑ ȉȖȧȓȐșȤ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȣȍ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ
Ȑ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȍ ȔȍȡȈȕȍ ǪȖȓȟȤȍȋȖ ȖȊȘȈȋȈ
ǵȖ ȔȖȓȖȌȖșȚȤ ȕȍ ȟȍȚȈ șȚȈȘȖșȚȐ ȟȍȘȚȍȑ Ȑ ȔȍȘȚȊȍȞȖȊ ȕȍ
ȉȖȐȚșȧ Ǫ șȐȓȣ șȊȖȐ ȊȍȘȐȚ Dz ȕȖȊȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ șȊȍȚȓȖȑ Ȑ ȘȈ-
ȌȖșȚȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋț ȘțȒȈȔȐ ȔȖȓȖȌȣȔȐ Ȑ șȐȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȗȘȖȒȓȈȌȣ-
ȊȈȍȚ ǹȚȈȘȖȍ ș ȒȖȘȕȍȔ ȊȣȒȖȘȟȍȊȣȊȈȍȚ Ǩ ȕȈȌ șȚȈȘȣȔ ȌȈ șȋȕȐȊ-
ȠȐȔ ȊȍșȍȓȖ ȗȖșȔȍȐȊȈȍȚșȧ
***
ȅȝ ȝȖȘȖȠȐ ȒȈȘȈșȐ Ȋ ȓȍșȕȖȔ ȖȏȍȘȍ ǯȖȓȖȚȣȍ ȠȐȘȖȒȐȍ
— ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ Ȋ ȓȖȗȈȚț
ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ ȚȘȖȍ ȘȍȉȧȚ-ȗȖȌȘȖșȚȒȖȊ — ȌȊȈ ȗȖșȚȈȘ-
Ƞȍ ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȤȞȈ Ȉ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ȕȈ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȐ — ȒȈȘȈșȍȑ ȓȖȊȐȚȤ
ǩȘȍȌȍȕȤ ȓȈȚȈȕȣȑ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȓȐ ǹȚȈȘȠȐȑ ȉȣȓ ǼȍȌȧ ǹȈȓȤȒȖȊ
ȗȖȚȖȔ ȉȘȈȚ ȍȋȖ ǴȐȚȧ Ȉ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ — ǷȈȠȈ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ
ǷȖȠȓȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȗȖȖȉȍȌȈȊ ǸȈȏȈ ȚȘȐ ȉȘȍȌȍȕȤ ȒȐȌȈȓȐ Ǹȣ-
ȉȣ — șȚȘȈșȚȤ ǪȘȍȔȧ Ȓ ȊȍȟȍȘț — ȚȤȔȈ ȕȍȊȣȓȈȏȕȈȧ ǸȍȠȐȓȐ
ȗȍȘȍȕȖȟȍȊȈȚȤ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȍ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț ȖȏȍȘȒȈ ǸȈȏȊȍȓȐ ȒȖșȚȍȘ șȚȈ-
ȓȐ ȒȈȘȚȖȠȒț ȗȍȟȤ țȝȐ Ȑȏ ȒȈȘȈșȍȑ ȕȈȊȈȘȐȓȐ ǷȖșȓȍ țȎȐȕȈ
ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ șȗȈȚȤ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓȖ ǯȈȓȍȏȓȐ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȦ ȚȘȈ-
Ȋȣ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ șȊȍȎȍȑ ȕȈȉȘȖșȈȓȐ ȊȍȚȖȒ ȉȍȘȍȏȖȊȣȝ Ȑ țȓȍȋȓȐșȤ
ǻȎ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȕȐȚ ǼȍȌȖȘ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȗȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ
ȗȘȖșȕțȓșȧ Ȗȕ ȖȚ ȟȤȐȝ-ȚȖ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȣȝ ȠȈȋȖȊ ǹȓȖȊȕȖ ȒȘȈȌȍȚ-
șȧ ȒȚȖ
ǷȖȌȕȧȓșȧ ȕȈ ȓȖȒȚȧȝ șȓțȠȈȍȚ ȀȈȋȐ ǷȖȌȗȖȓȏ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ
— ȡȍȓȤ Ȋ ȕȍȑ ȉȣȓȈ — ȊȐȌȐȚ ȊȖȓȒ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȌȈ șȚȘȈȕ-
ȕȣȑ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ Ǩ Ȋ ȟȍȔ șȚȘȈȕȕȖșȚȤ, Ȑ ȕȍ ȘȈȏȉȍȘȍȚ ǶȚȖȘȖȗȤ
ȊȏȧȓȈ ȗȈȘȕȧ — șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȖȊȘȈȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȝȈȎȐȊȈȓ Ȉ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ
ȊȖȓȒȖȊ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȈȓ ȌȈ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣȝ ǽȖȚȍȓ ȉȣȓȖ Ȗȕ ȌȊȍȘȤ
ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȌȈ ȗȖȓȍȕȖȔ ȊȖȓȒȈ ȗțȋȕțȚȤ Ȉ ȚȖȚ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȖȕȧȓ șȍȓ
ȕȈ ȏȈȌȕȐȍ ȓȈȗȣ Ȑ șȔȖȚȘȐȚ

24
Ǩ ȊȖȚ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ, Ȑ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ǼȍȌȖȘ
ǷȖȌȕȧȓ ȊȖȓȒ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȐȍ ȓȈȗȣ Ȓ ȔȖȘȌȍ ȗȘȐȓȖȎȐȓ ȌȈ ȒȈȒ
ȊȏȊȖȍȚ ǴȐȚȤȒȈ ȌȈ ǷȈȊȍȓ șȓȖȊȕȖ Ȑȝ ȗȘțȚȖȔ ȊȣȚȧȕțȓȐ
ȊșȒȖȟȐȓȐ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈșȐȓț Ȑȝ ǼȍȌȖȘ țȌȍȘȎȈȓ
ǺȘȧșțȚșȧ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ Ȉ ȊȖȓȒ ȊȖȍȚ ȏȈȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ
ȀȍȗȟȍȚ ǼȍȌȖȘ ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔ
— ǺȐȠȍ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ
ǹȔȖȚȘȧȚ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ — șȐȌȐȚ ȊȖȓȒ ȕȈ ȏȈȌț ȓȈȗȣ Ȓ ȔȖȘȌȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȎȈȊ Ȑ ȊȖȍȚ
— ǶȉȖȘȖȚȍȕȤ — ȠȍȗȟȍȚ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ ǷȈȊȍȓ — ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȒȈ-
ȗȐȚȈȕ Ȑȏ ȖȏȍȘȈ ȊȣȠȍȓ
— ǺȐȠȍ Țȣ — ȠȐȗȐȚ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ǹȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ ȓțȟȠȍ ȕȈ
ȖȏȍȘȖ ǬȈ ȕȍ ȚțȌȈ ǪȐȌȐȠȤ ȊȖȕ ȐȊț ȌțȗȓȐșȚțȦ ȟȚȖ șȊȐșȓȈ
ȕȈȌ ȊȖȌȖȑ ȊȘȖȌȍ ȠȈȚȘȈ" ǺȈȒ ȊȖȏȓȍ ȕȍȍ ȕȈ ȊȖȌȍ ȊȖȘȖȟȈȍȚșȧ
ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ
ǹȖȊșȍȔ ȖȌțȘȍȓȐ ǷȈȊȍȓ ș ǴȐȚȤȒȖȑ ǹȓȖȊȖ ș ȧȏȣȒȈ ȕȍ ȐȌȍȚ
Ǩ ȖȚ ȐȊȣ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȓ ȉȈȠȍȕȒȍ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȕȈ ȗȘȐȏȣȊ ȊȖȓȟȤȍȋȖ ȊȖȧ
ȕȍ ȚȖ ȒȖȘȧȋȈ ȕȍ ȚȖ ȍȡȍ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȓȣȊȍȚ ǷȘȐȋȓȧȌȍȓȐșȤ Șȍȉȧ-
ȚȈ — ȓȖȌȒȈ Ǩ Ȋ ȓȖȌȒȍ — ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȑ ȓȐȞȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȖȋȕȍȔ șȊȍ-
ȚȐȚșȧ
ǺțȚ țȎ ǼȍȌȖȘ șȚȘțȝȕțȓ ǹȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȥȚȖ
ǻ ȎȐȊȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȓȐȞȖ ȚȈȒȖȍ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȍ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȉȖȒ
ȚȖȓȒȈȍȚ ȏȈ ȘțȒț ȚȘȧșȍȚ
— ǼȍȌȤ Ȉ ǼȍȌȤ ȒȚȖ ȥȚȖ" Ǭțȝ ȓȍșȕȖȑ ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȈȓȤ
ȞȈȘȤ ȘțșȈȓȖȟȕȣȑ
— ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ Ȑ ȧ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ǷȖȔȖȓȟȐ Țȣ ȗȖȎȈ-
ȓțȑșȚȈ ǪȖȚ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋ ȊȣȓȍȏȍȚ ȌȈ ȗȖȉȓȐȎȍ ȗȖȌȖȑȌȍȚ — ȚȖȋȌȈ
ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ ǬȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ ȉȖȑșȧ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ — ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȥȚȖ șȈ-
Ȕȣȑ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȐȑ ǵȍ ȉȖȑșȧ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȏȉȍȘȍȔ ȌȈ ȘȈȏțȏ-
ȕȈȍȔ Ǩ ȘțșȈȓȖȒ ȌȈ ȌțȝȖȊ ȓȍșȕȣȝ Ȑȏ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ȊȣȉȘȖșȤ ȕȍȚ Ȑȝ
Ȑ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ Ǩ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓ ȐȌȚȐ ȝȖȟȍȠȤ Ȉ Ȋ ȟȍȘȚȖȊȡȐȕț
ȊșȧȒțȦ ȊȍȘȐȠȤ
— ǬȈ ȧ ȕȍ ȊȍȘȦ — șȔțȡȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȠȍȗȚȈȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ — Ȉ ȚȈȒ
ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȖ țȎ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ
ǷȘȐȗȓȣȓ Ȓ ȉȍȘȍȋț ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣȑ ȌȈ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȓ ȊȖȓ-
Ȓț Ȉ ȚȖȚ ȒȈȒ ȚȘȧȝȕȍȚșȧ ȠȒțȘȈ ȊȖȓȟȤȧ — Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȉ Ȑȏ-
ȗȖȌ ȕȍȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȎȐȊȖȑ ȔȖȘȌȈ ȟȍȘȕȈȧ Ȑ ș ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ

25
ǷȖȓȍȋȟȈȓȖ ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔ — ȊȐȌȧȚ ȓȦȌȐ Ȉ țȎȍ ș ȎȐȊȣȔ-ȚȖ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ȒȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȉțȌȤ ȗȖȉȖȘȖȚȤșȧ ȌȈ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȔȖȎ-
ȕȖ
DZșȎȐȎ 9,,
Ǽǻ ȁȆdzǹ ǰ ǯǮȆǻȌ
dzȖȌȒȈ ȗȖȌȗȓȣȓȈ Ȓ ȉȍȘȍȋț ȊȣȠȍȌȠȐȑ Ȑȏ ȕȍȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ ȗȖȉȓȐȎȍ Ȑ ȚȖȕȖȔ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȈ șȗȘȖșȐȓ
— ǵț ȒȈȒ ȌȍȓȈ DzțȏȤȔȈ" ǻȏȕȈȓ ȓȐ Țȣ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȗ ȚȖȔ
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȐȌȍȚ Ȓ ȕȈȔ ȥȚȖȑ ȒȘȈșȕȖȑ șȊȖȓȖȟȐ"
— DzȖȍ-ȟȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒ — șȖȊșȍȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍ-
ȟȍșȒȐȔ ȋȖȓȖșȖȔ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ©ȊȖȓȒª — ǰȏ ȋțȉȍȘȕȐȐ ȐȌȍȚ ȖȚ-
ȘȧȌ ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑȞȍȊ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ șȖȘȖȒ ȌȈ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȗȧȚȤ ǭșȚȤ ț ȕȐȝ ȖȌȐȕ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚ ǬțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ Ȋ
ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ ȟțȚȤ șȊȍȚ ȉțȌțȚ ȍșȓȐ ȕȈȠȐȔ Ȑȝ ȗȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ ȕȍ
țȌȈșȚșȧ Ȋ ȘȈșȝȖȌ ȗțșȚȐȚȤ
— ǹȔȖȚȘȐ Ȏȍ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ȚȖȚ ȒȖȋȖ ȕȈȏȊȈȓȐ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒȖȔ —
ȍșȓȐ ȖȚȘȧȌț țȌȈșȚșȧ ȌȖȍȝȈȚȤ ȗȖȚȖȟȕȍȑ ȊȣȧșȕȐ ț ȒȖȋȖ Ȗȕ
ȘȈșȒȊȈȘȚȐȘțȍȚșȧ ǷȖșȚȈȘȈȑșȧ ȗȖȔȍșȚȐȚȤ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȖȊ ȌȈ Ȑ
ȊȖȖȉȡȍ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ț ȕȈȠȐȝ ȘȍȉȧȚ ǷțșȚȤ ȗȖȓȈșȒȖȊȍȍ ȉțȌțȚ
ǬȍȊȖȒ ȌȖșȚȈȕȤ șȈȔȖȋȖȕț ȗȖȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ǩ ȊȖȚ ȥȚȐ ȗȖȘȖȠȒȐ șȔȖȚ-
ȘȐ ȕȍ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȑ Ȋ șȈȔȖȋȖȕ ȌȈ Ȋ ȗȐȡț ȗȘȐȔȍȠȈȑ ǵȍ ȉȖȑșȧ
ȕȍ ȐȏȌȖȝȕțȚ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȖȕ ȕȈȑȌȍȚ ǵȍȊȣȋȖȌȕȖ ȕȈȔ Ȑȝ ȌȖ ȊȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȐ ȚȘȈȊȐȚȤ DzțȌȈ ȓțȟȠȍ ș ȎȐȊȣȝ-ȚȖ ȒȖȎț șȖȌȘȈȚȤ ȐȓȐ
ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȏȊȍȏȌȣ ȕȈ ȓȉț ȊȣȘȍȏȈȚȤ ȌȈ Ȍȓȧ ȒȘȍȗȖșȚȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȕȍ șȖșȒȖȟȐȓȐ ȋȊȖȏȌȍȔ ȗȘȐȉȐȚȤ Ǩ ȗȖȔȕȐȠȤ ȒȈȒ Ȕȣ ȗȘȖȌ-
ȒȖȔȐșșȈȘȈ-ȚȖ ȟȖȒȕțȓȐ" ǷȖȑȔȈȓȐ ȒȖȎț ȕȈ șȗȐȕȍ ȗȖȌȘȍȏȈ-
ȓȐ ȖȚȖȌȘȈȓȐ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȌȈ ȚțȌȈ ȗȍȘȟȐȒț ȒȘȈșȕȖȋȖ ș șȖȓȤȦ
ȌȈ șȚȍȒȓȈ ȉȐȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ, Ȍȓȧ ȊȒțșȈ ǷȖȚȍȝȈ ȉȣȓȈ
ȒȈȒ ȖȘȈȓ Ȗȕ Ǩ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ șȚȍȘȊȈ ȕȍ șȒȈȏȈȓ șȐȓȍȕ ȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȘȧȌ
DzȖȔȔțȕȈ — șȊȖȓȖȟȤ ǭȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȋȖȊȖȘȦ Țȍȉȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȏȍȊȈȑ Ȉ
ȚȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȊȍȌȤ Țȣ ȍȋȖ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ Ȑ ș Țȍȉȧ ȠȒțȘț șȗțșȚȐȚ

26
— ǷȘȖȡȈȑȚȍ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒ ǵțȎȕȖ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȒȘȈșȕțȦ
ȠȒțȘț ȕȈȌȍȊȈȚȤ Ǩ ȚȖ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȗȘȐȠȓȦȚ ȏȈ ȔȕȖȑ ǪȍȌȤ ȧ ț
ȕȐȝ ©ȕȍȏȈȔȍȕȐȔȣȑª
Ǩ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ șȓțȠȈȦȚ Ȑ șȚȘȈȝ ȊȍșȤ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ ǷȖȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ
ȏȈȚȍȊȈȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍȝȖȘȖȠȍȍ
— ǷȘȖșȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȕȈȌȖ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ȒțȌȈ ȥȚȖȚ șȈ-
Ȕȣȑ ©ȊȖȓȒª ȗȖȑȌȍȚ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȔȖȚȘȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȚȐȝȖ ǵȍ ȚȖ Ȑ
Ȕȣ ȗȘȖȗȈȌȍȔ Ȑ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȌȍȓȖȊ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȞȣ ȕȈȊȖȘȖȟȈȦȚ
ǹȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȟȈȑ Ȗ ȟȍȔ ȘȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ — ȖȚȘȧȌ ȝȖȚȧȚ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȐȚȤ
ǸȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȧ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ șȗțșȒȈȓȐ ȋȓȈȏ ș ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȡȐȒȖȊ Ȉ
Țȍ Ȑ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȊȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȦȚ ȚȘȐ ȗȈȘȣ ȊȕȐ-
ȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȋȓȈȏ DzȈȎȌȣȑ ȌȍȓȈȓ șȊȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ
ǷȖȘțȟȐȒ șȍȓ Ȋ ȓȖȌȒț Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȊȖ ȚȤȔȍ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȍȓȍ șȓȣȠȕȖ ȌȖȕȖșȐȓșȧ ȗȓȍșȒ ȊȖȌȣ ȗȖȌ ȊȍșȓȈȔȐ Ǩ șȒȖȘȖ Ȑ
Ȗȕ ȏȈȔȖȓȒ
©ǪȖȓȒª ȗȖȌȖȉȘȈȓ șȊȖȦ ȠȒțȘț ȘȈȏȌȊȐȕțȓ ȒȖȓȦȟȐȍ Ȓțș-
Țȣ ȔȈȓȐȕȕȐȒȈ Ȑ șȚȈȘȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȏȈȗȘȧȚȈȓ ȚȈȔ ȍȍ.
ǷȘȖȌȍȓȈȊ ȥȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ șȗȍȠȈ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȉȈȠȕȍ ǸȍȉȧȚȈ
ȕȍ ȎȌȈȊȠȐȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȓȐșȤ ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȟȚȖ ©ȊȖȓȒțª ȗȘȐ-
ȠȓȖșȤ ȖȉȖȑȚȐ ȚȖȗȒȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ȅȚȐȔ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȐșȤ ǼȍȌȖȘ
ș ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈȔȐ Ȑ ȊȣȓȍȏȠȐ Ȑȏ ȉȈȠȕȐ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑ-
ȠȐȝ ȒțșȚȈȝ
— Ǩ ȒȖșȚȍȘ-ȚȖ — ȠȍȗȟȍȚ ǷȈȊȍȓ — ǪȍȌȤ ȕȈȑȌȍȚ Ȗȕ ȍȋȖ
ǷȖȎȈȓțȑ ȐșȒȈȚȤ ȉțȌȍȚ ȒȚȖ ȖȋȖȕȤ ȘȈȏȊȖȌȐȓ ǭȡȍ ȌȖ ȕȈș ȌȖ-
ȉȍȘȍȚșȧ
— ǵȍȚ ǯȈșȈȌȣ ȗȖȉȖȐȚșȧ — ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ ȚȤȔȈ ȒȈȒȈȧ — ȖȚ-
ȊȍȟȈȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ
©ǪȖȓȒª ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȧȔ Ȑ ȚțȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ
ȚȓȍȦȚ țȋȓȐ ȖȚ ȒȖșȚȘȈ Ƕȕ ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȕȕȖ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ ȔȈȚȍȘ-
ȕȖ ȊȣȘțȋȈȓșȧ Ȑ șȚȈȓ ș ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȖȔ ȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȚȤșȧ ȗȖ șȚȖ-
ȘȖȕȈȔ
©Ǩ ȊȌȘțȋ ȒȚȖ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȕȈȠ ȗȖȌșȓțȠȈȓ — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȕ
— ǬȈ ȕȍȚ DzȖȔț ȚțȚ ȉȣȚȤ" ǵȍȉȖșȤ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȐȍ ȏȈ ȧȋȖ-
ȌȈȔȐ ȝȖȌȐȓȐ ȌȈ ȒȖșȚȍȘ ȏȈȎȋȓȐ ǪȐȌȈȚȤ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȏȈȚțȝª
ǻșȗȖȒȖȐȊ șȍȉȧ ©ȊȖȓȒª ȚȖȓȒȕțȓ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȦ Ȑ Ȗȋȓȧ-
ȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȕȍȍ ȗȘȐȚȊȖȘȐȊ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ
ȌȊȍȘȤ

27
DZșȎȐȎ 9,,,
ǾȁǸǮ ǿȀǮȀȁǶ
ǿȚȖ ȕțȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ DzțȏȤȔȍ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ șȚȈȘȖȑ ȉȈȠȕȍ — ȊȖȚ ȊȖ-
ȗȘȖș ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȓ ȘȍȉȧȚ
ǹȓȖȊȕȖ țȎȐ ȉȍșȠțȔȕȖ ȗȖȗȖȓȏȓȐ ȖȕȐ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȋȖȚȖȊȣȍ
ȗȘȐ ȗȍȘȊȖȔ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȔ ȠțȔȍ șȗȘȧȚȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȚȘȈȊȍ
ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȌȊȍȘȤ ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ șȓȣȠȕȖ
— ǷȈȊȍȓ ȓȍȏȤ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ ȕȈ ȗȓȍȟȐ ȌȈ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ ȟȚȖ
©ȊȖȓȒª ȚȈȔ ȌȍȓȈȍȚ ǹȗȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ Ȗȕ ȓȍȋ"
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȧ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȏȈȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȗȓȍ-
ȟȐ ǼȍȌȖȘȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȘȐșȓȖȕȐȓșȧ Ȓ șȚȍȕȒȍ Ȑ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȓ Ȋ ȖȒ-
ȕȖ
— ǬȈ ȚȈȔ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍȚ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ — ȠȍȗȖȚȖȔ șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ
— DzȈȒ ȕȍȚ" ǹȔȖȚȘȐ ȓțȟȠȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȋȌȍ Ȋ țȋȓț șȐȌȐȚ
— ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍȚ
— DzțȌȈ Ȏȍ Ȗȕ ȌȍȊȈȓșȧ" ǪȍȌȤ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȓșȧ Ȏȍ Ȗȕ șȒȊȖȏȤ
ȏȍȔȓȦ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ"
— ǼȍȌȧ ȌȈȊȈȑ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȚȐȝȖȕȤȒȖ ȖȚȒȘȖȍȔ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǴȐȚȧ
— ǪȍȌȤ ȕȈș ȚȘȖȍ Ȉ Ȗȕ ȖȌȐȕ ǪȣșȒȖȟȐȚ ȚȈȒ Ȕȣ ȍȋȖ ȔȐȋȖȔ
ȖȉȘȈȚȈȍȔ
— dzȈȌȕȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗțșȚȤ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ Ȉ Ȕȣ ș
ȚȖȉȖȑ ȗȖ ȉȖȒȈȔ șȚȈȕȍȔ — Ȋ șȓțȟȈȍ ȍșȓȐ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȚ ȚȈȒ Ȕȣ
ȍȋȖ șȘȈȏț ș ȌȊțȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ Ȉ Țȣ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȏȈ ȕȖȋȐ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȌȖȉȘȈȓșȧ șȖȊșȍȔ ȉȓȐȏȒȖ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ Ȑ țȗȍȘȠȐșȤ Ȋ
ȕȍȍ ȘțȒȈȔȐ șȚȈȓ ȚȐȝȖȕȤȒȖ ȗȘȐȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȚȤ ǬȊȍȘȤ ȏȈșȒȘȐȗȍ-
ȓȈ ȗȖȌȈȓȈșȤ ǸȍȉȧȚȈ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȓȐ Ȋ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȠȐȘȖȒțȦ ȡȍȓȤ
— Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ǶȚȒȘȣȓȐ ȠȐȘȍ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȑ ȊȖȠȓȐ Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖ-șȚȈȘȖȔț Ǫșȧ
ȖȉșȚȈȕȖȊȒȈ ȉȈȠȕȐ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȓȈ ȚȖȚ ȗȖȘȧȌȖȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȉȣȓ ȝȖ-
ȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȒȖȔ ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔ ǪȖȚ ȔȘȈȔȖȘȕȣȑ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȣȑ ȏȍȓȍȕȖ-
ȊȈȚȣȔ ȕȈȓȍȚȖȔ șȚȖȓ ș ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-ȚȖ ȘȐșțȕȒȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȕȍȔ ȊȖȚ ȌȊȍ
ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȐȍ ȔȘȈȔȖȘȕȣȍ șȒȈȔȤȐ ǵȈȗȘȈȊȖ Ȋ ȕȐȠȍ șȚȖȐȚ șȚȈ-
Țțȧ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȕȍȊȍȌȖȔȖȑ ȉȖȋȐȕȐ Ȉ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȍȑ — ȕȍ ȚȖ ȊȈȏȈ
ȕȍ ȚȖ ȎȍȘȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȈȓȚȈȘȤ

28
— ǴȖȎȍȚ Ȗȕ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ ȏȈȓȍȏ" — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǴȐȚȧ
— ǰ ȚȈȔ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ ț ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȋșȍ
șȔțȡȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ — ǫȌȍ ȉȣ Ȗȕ ȕȐ șȗȘȧȚȈȓșȧ — ȕȈȑȌȍȔ ȟȍȘ-
ȚȈ ȉȖȘȖȌȈȚȖȋȖ
ǸȍȉȧȚȈ ȊȖȖȘțȎȐȓȐșȤ ȗȈȓȒȈȔȐ Ȑ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȚȈȓȐ ȗȖȌȣ-
ȔȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȔȍȏȖȕȐȕ ȒțȌȈ ȊȍȓȈ ȊȣȘțȉȓȍȕȕȈȧ Ȋ șȚȍȕȍ țȏȒȈȧ ȓȍ-
șȚȕȐȞȈ
ǵȈȊȍȘȝț ȉȣȓȖ șȊȍȚȓȍȍ — ȓțȕȈ șȊȍȚȐȓȈ Ȋ ȘȈȏȉȐȚȣȍ ȖȒȕȈ
Ȑ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȧ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȕȖȑ ȔȍșȚȈȔȐ ȒȘȣȠȐ Ǫșȍ ȚȈȔ ȉȣȓȖ
ȗȖȒȘȣȚȖ ȚȖȓșȚȣȔ șȓȖȍȔ ȗȣȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȖȊȍȘ-
ȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ șȓȍȌȖȊ
— ǵȍȚ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ șȦȌȈ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȓșȧ ǷȖȑȌȍȔ ȊȕȐȏ
ǹȖȠȓȐ Ȑ șȚȈȓȐ șȖȊȍȚ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ
— ǬȈȊȈȑ ȗȖ ȗȖȘȧȌȒț — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ǪȍȌȤ Ȕȣ Ȋșȍ
ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȦ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȑ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȏȈȒȘȣȓ"
— DzȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ
— ǶȉȘȈȚȕȖ ȕȍ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȓ"
— ǵȍȚ
— ǵț ȏȕȈȟȐȚ Ȗȕ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȑ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ǵȖ ȋȌȍ —
ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȋț
ǹȕȖȊȈ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȐșȤ ȕȈȠȐ șȓȍȌȖȗȣȚȣ ȗȖ țȋȓȈȔ ȠȈȘȐȚȤ
— ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȥȚȈ ȉȈȉȈ ȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȒțȌȈ ȟȍȘȚ ȉȖȘȖȌȈȚȣȑ
Ȍȍȓșȧ" — ȠțȚȓȐȊȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǴȐȚȧ — ǵț-ȒȈ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȓȍȏȤ ȕȈ ȊȈ-
ȏț ȌȈ șȗȘȖșȐ ȍȍ ȒțȌȈ ȔȖȓ DzțȏȤȔȈ ș ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ Ȍȍȓșȧ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ȌțȔȈȧ ȏȈȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȎȍȘȚȊȍȕȕȐȒ ȖșȒȊȍȘ-
ȕȐȊ ȍȋȖ ȋȘȧȏȕȣȔȐ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ Ȑ șȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȉȖȋȐȕȦ ȗȖȌ ȘțȒț șȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ
— Ǩ ȕț ȔȈȔȈȠȈ șȒȈȎȐ-ȒȈ ȒțȌȈ ȖȉȖȘȖȚȍȕȤ-ȚȖ ȕȈȠ ȗȘȖ-
ȊȈȓȐȓșȧ" ǬȈ șȔȖȚȘȐ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȈȊȌț ȋȖȊȖȘȐ Ȉ ȕȍ ȚȖ
ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȍ țșȗȍȓ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ — ȘțȒȈ șȚȈȚțȐ ȗȖȌ
ȍȋȖ ȚȧȎȍșȚȤȦ ȖȗțșȚȐȓȈșȤ ȒȕȐȏț șȈȔ Ȗȕ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ
ȗȖȓȍȚȍȓ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ Ȉ ȊȕȐȏț ȖȒȖȓȖ ȓȍȊȖȑ șȒȈȔȍȑȒȐ ȖȌȕȈ Ȑȏ
ȗȓȐȚ țȠȓȈ ȗȖȌ ȗȖȓ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȧ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȠȐȘȖȒȖȍ ȚȍȔȕȖȍ
ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ
— ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȕȈȔ ȉȈȉȈ ȒȈȔȍȕȕȈȧ ȒțȌȈ ȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȤ-ȚȖ
ȕȈȠ șȒȘȣȓșȧ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȗȖȓȍȏ ǷȈȊȍȓ
ȕȈȠ ș ȌȈȔȖȑ ȞȍȓȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȊȖȊȍȒȐ ȉȣ ȕȈȔ ȝȖȌȈ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȖȚ-
ȒȘȣȚȤ

29
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȝȖȚȧ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȐșȗțȋȈȕȕȣȑ ȕȖ ȋȖȘȌȣȑ șȊȖȐȔ ȖȚ-
ȒȘȣȚȐȍȔ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ ș ȗȖȓȈ Ȑ ȖȗȈșȓȐȊȖ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȓ ȊȕȐȏ — Ȓț-
ȌȈ țȝȖȌȐȓȐ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȐ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȒȘțȚȖȑ Ȑ țȏȒȖȑ ȟțȋțȕȕȖȑ ȓȍșȚ-
ȕȐȞȣ
— ǪȖȚ ȟȚȖ ȉȘȈȚȞȣ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ȌȍȓȖ Ȕȣ ȕȈȟȈȓȐ
— ȏȕȈȟȐȚ Ȑ ȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ ȕȈȌȖ Ǻȣ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȌȖȔȖȑ ȐȌȐ ȏȈȑȌȐ Ȋ
ǻȒȖȔ ȌȈ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȦ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț Ȋșȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȐ ȟȚȖ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ —
ȗțșȚȤ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȐȚ ȟȖȕȖȊȞȍȊ ȕȈ ȊșȧȒȐȑ șȓțȟȈȑ Ǩ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȚȘȧȌ
ȗȘȐȌȍȚ ȗțșȚȤ ȗȖ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȈȔ ȕȍ ȘȈșȝȖȌȐȚșȧ Ȉ șȖȉȍȘȍȚșȧ Ȋ
ȖȌȕȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ ȝȖȚȤ ȉȣ Ȋ Ȓȓțȉȍ ȕȈȠȍȔ ǺȍșȕȖȊȈȚȖ ȚȈȔ ȉțȌȍȚ
ȌȈ ȏȈȚȖ Ȋșȍ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ǷȘȖ ȗȖȘȖȠȒȐ șȔȖȚȘȐ, ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȌȤ Ǩ Ȕȣ ș
ǴȐȚȍȑ ȝȖȌȖȔ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȕȣȔ ȗȖȑȌȍȔ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ ȒțȌȈ Ȗȕ Ȋȣ-
ȊȍȌȍȚ ǮȈȓȤ ȊȖȚ ȟȚȖ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȕȖȎȈ ȜȐȕșȒȖȋȖ ȌȈ ȟȈșȖȊ, șȖ
ȔȕȖȑ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍȚ ǵț ȌȈ Ȕȣ ȗȈȓȒȐ ȗȖȒȘȍȗȟȍ ȊȣȘȍȎȍȔ
— ǹȔȖȚȘȐ Ȏȍ ȗȖȗțșȚț ȕȍ ȉȖȓȚȈȑ Ǩ ȍșȓȐ Ȕȣ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ ȕȍ
ȊȣȉȍȘȍȔșȧ ȗțșȚȤ ȟȈșȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȗȖ ȕȈȠȐȔ șȓȍȌȈȔ ȐȌȍȚ
— ǹȌȍȓȈȦ ǴȐȚȧ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ
— ǵț ȐȌȐ ǬȈ ȉȍȋȖȔ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ ȓȍȠȐȝ ȌȈ ȌȖȔȖȊȣȝ ȕȍ ȗț-
ȋȈȑșȧ.
— ǬȈ ȟȍȋȖ Țȣ ȕȈȌȖ ȔȕȖȑ șȔȍȍȠȤșȧ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ —
ǷȖȕȐȔȈȦ ȊȍȌȤ ȧ ȕȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ
— ǵț ȐȌȐ ȐȌȐ ǪȖȚ Țȍȉȍ ȗȈȓȒȈ ȕȈ ȌȖȘȖȋț
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓ ȏȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ ȊȌȈȓȐ ȏȈȔȍȘ ȚȖȗȖȚ ȉȖ-
șȣȝ ȕȖȋ
DZșȎȐȎ IX
ǵǮ ȀǾǶ ǿȀȁǽdzǻȊǸǶ ǼȀ ǿǺdzǾȀǶ
— Ǩ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ǴȐȚȧ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ — ǬȍȘȎȐ șȗȐȟ-
ȒȐ ȕȈȋȖȚȖȊȍ ȇ ȗȍȘȊȣȔ ȗȖȑȌț
ǵȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȐ ȖȕȐ Ȑ ȗȧȚȤ șȚțȗȍȕȍȑ ȒȈȒ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȗȘȐ Ȋșȗȣ-
ȠȒȈȝ ȏȈȎȐȋȈȍȔȣȝ șȗȐȟȍȒ Ȋ șȚȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȐȠȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒțȦ ȒȖ-
ȗȐȦ ȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȈȊȍȘȝț șȚȈȚțȐ ȕȖ ȘțȒȈ ț ȕȍȍ ȉȣȓȈ Ȗȗț-

30
ȡȍȕȈ ȊȕȐȏ ǷȖșȖȊȍȡȈȊȠȐșȤ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ șȚȈ-
Țțȍ șȒȘȣȚ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȏȔ ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȦȡȐȑ ȝȖȌ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ
ǶȕȐ ȕȍ ȖȠȐȉȓȐșȤ — ȗȖȌȕȧȊ ȖȗțȡȍȕȕțȦ ȘțȒț șȚȈȚțȐ ȖȕȐ
țșȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȊȊȍȘȝț ȋȓțȝȖȑ șȒȘȐȗțȟȐȑ ȏȊțȒ Ȑ ȉȍȓȖȋȖ ȗȧȚȕȈ ȕȈȌ
ȕȐȔȐ ȒȈȒ ȕȍ ȉȣȊȈȓȖ
ǬȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȑ șȗțșȒ ȉȣȓ ȕȍȓȍȋȖȒ dzȍșȚȕȐȞȈ ȉȣȓȈ șȒȖȓȤȏ-
ȒȈȧ Ȑ ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȒȖȕȞȈ ȍȑ ȕȍȚ
— ǴȐȚȧ — ȠȍȗȟȍȚ ǼȍȌȖȘ — Ȉ ȊȍȌȤ ȧ țȎȍ șȍȔȤȌȍșȧȚ ȌȊȍ
șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȐ ȕȈșȟȐȚȈȓ ǬȈȊȈȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȖȝȕȍȔ
ǹȍȓȐ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȐ ǼȍȌȖȘ ȗȈȓȒȖȑ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȠȈȘȐȚ
— ǴȐȚȧ Ȉ ǴȐȚȧ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȈ-ȚȖ ȒȖȕȟȈȍȚșȧ ȊșȍȋȖ ȚȘȐ șȚț-
ȗȍȕȤȒȐ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ — Ǩ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȏȍȔȓȧ ȗȖȌ ȗȈȓ-
ȒȖȑ ȌȈ ȒȈȎȐșȤ ȒȈȔȕȐ ȐȓȐ ȗȖșțȓȈ ȒȈȒȈȧ ȉȐȚȈȧ
— ǬȈȑ-ȒȈ ȧ ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȦ ǴȖȧ ȗȈȓȒȈ ȗȖȌȓȐȕȕȍȍ — ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ
ǴȐȚȧ Ȑ șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȖ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȐ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț ȗȍȘȍ-
șȚȈȊȓȧȚȤ ȗȈȓȒț
ǰ ȊȌȘțȋ șȗȘȈȊȈ ȖȚ ȒȖȕȞȈ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȣ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȓȐȞȖȔ ȘȍȉȧȚ ș
ȋȘȖȝȖȚȖȔ Ȑ ȒȈȒȐȔ-ȚȖ ȏȓȖȊȍȡȐȔ ȊȖȍȔ ȗȘȖȕȍșȓȖșȤ șȓȖȊȕȖ țȘȈ-
ȋȈȕ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȍ Ȑ ȋȘțȏȕȖȍ ǵȈ ȗȖȓț ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȏȊțȒ,
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖȓțȟȈȍȚșȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȤȦȚ ȋȓȐȕȧȕȣȍ ȋȖȘȠȒȐ Ǩ ȏȈȚȍȔ
ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȏȊȖȕ Ȋ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ ǰ șȕȖȊȈ ȚȐ-
ȠȐȕȈ
ǷȘȐȎȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ șȣȘȖȑ șȚȍȕȍ șȚȖȧȓȐ ǼȍȌȖȘ Ȑ ǴȐȚȧ ȕȍ
ȗȖȕȐȔȈȧ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȍȋȖ Ȑ ȖȎȐȌȈȧ ȊșȧȒȐȝ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȍȑ
Ȋ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȍȔ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ țȌȈȘȐȓȖ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǼȍȌȧ
— ǷȖȝȖȎȍ ȕȈ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȑ ȔȖȓȖȚ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǴȐȚȧ
— ǽțȎȍ ȊșȍȋȖ — ȥȚȖ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȈ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȈȧ ǹȓȖȊȕȖ ȔȣȠȐ Ȋ
ȏȈȗȈȌȕȍ ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȕȖ Ȑ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȔ ȖȚȒțȌȈ șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȎȌȈȚȤ
ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȒȈȒȖȋȖ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȌțȔȈȑ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȑ Ȉ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ
ȕȈ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ șȚȖȧȚȤ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ǵȍ șȗȈȚȤ șȦȌȈ ȗȘȐȠȓȐ
ǹȗȐȟȒȐ ț Țȍȉȧ Ȟȍȓȣ ȕȍ ȖȚșȣȘȍȓȐ"
— ǫȖȌȧȚșȧ — ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ǴȐȚȧ — ǬȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȝȊȈȚȐȚ Ȑȝ ȕȍ-
ȕȈȌȖȓȋȖ ȊșȍȋȖ ȗȖȓȒȖȘȖȉȒȐ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ǰ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȚȖȓȒț ȔȈ-
ȓȖ ȍșȓȐ șȗȐȟȒȐ ȏȈȎȐȋȈȍȠȤ ǸȈȏ — Ȑ ȋȖȚȖȊȖ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȚȍȔȕȖ
ǪȖȚ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȓțȟȐȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȐȓȐ ȝȊȖȘȖșȚ șțȝȖȑ — ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȉȣ ȌȍȓȖ

31
— ǵȈ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȍ ȓțȟȐȕȒț ȕȍ ȕȈȑȌȍȠȤ ǵȈȌȖ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ șȗț-
șȚȐȚȤșȧ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȍȑ ȕȈȌȖ Ȉ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Țȍȉȧ ȚȈȒ
ȚȘȈȝȕȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȊșȚȈȕȍȠȤ
— ǯȈȎȐȋȈȑ șȗȐȟȒț — Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ ȊȗȖȚȤȔȈȝ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȗȖ-
ȓȍȏȍȔ
ǶȋȖȕȍȒ șȗȐȟȒȐ ȖșȊȍȚȐȓ ȚȘȐ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȐ țșȚȓȈȕȕȣȑ ȗȓȐ-
ȚȈȔȐ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘ țȝȖȌȧȡȐȑ ȕȈȓȍȊȖ ȊȋȓțȉȤ ǴȍȎȌț ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ
șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȣ Ȑ șȚȍȕȖȑ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ
ȗȖȓțȚȖȘȈ ȈȘȠȐȕ
— Ǩ ȒȈȒ Ȏȍ Ȕȣ ȉțȌȍȔ șȗțșȒȈȚȤșȧ" ǹȚȈȕȍȠȤ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤ-
Ȓț Ȉ Țȍȉȍ ȗȖ ȟȍȘȍȗț — ȡȍȓȒ Ȑ ȕȍ ȊșȚȈȕȍȠȤ ǵțȎȕȖ ȟȚȖ- ȕȐ-
ȉțȌȤ ȗȘȐȌțȔȈȚȤ
— ǷȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȌȈȊȈȑ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȔ ȒȈȒ Ȋșȍ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ
ǪȍȌȤ ȌȖ Țȍȝ ȗȖȘ ȗȖȒȈ Țȣ ȕȍ șȚȈȓ ȗȈȓȒȖȑ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȐ șȟȐȚȈȚȤ
Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖ-ȝȖȘȖȠȍȔț Ǻȣ ȊȖȚ ȓțȟȠȍ ȖȉȢȧșȕȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȑ ȗȖ-
ȟȍȔț ȥȚȖȚ ȋȘȖȝȖȚ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓșȧ
— DzȖȋȌȈ Țȣ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȍȠȤ" ǺȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȗȈȓȒȖȑ ȕȈ ȗȖ-
șȓȍȌȕȦȦ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț ȕȈȎȈȓ ǷȖȟȍȔț" ǬȈ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȗȖȌ ȕȍȑ
ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȏȔ șȒȘȣȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȊȍșȤ ȥȚȖȚ ȠțȔ Ȑ ȗȘȖȐȏ-
ȊȖȌȐȚ ǪȖȚ ȒȈȒ ȧ Ȋșȍ ȖȉȢȧșȕȧȦ
— ǯȕȈȍȠȤ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȊȈȑ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȔ
— DzȈȒ"
— Ǩ ȊȖȚ ȒȈȒ Ǻȣ ȕȈȎȐȔȈȑ ȗȈȓȒȖȑ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț Ȉ ȧ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ
ȔȖȔȍȕȚ șȗȐȟȒț ȏȈȎȋț ȌȈ ȕȍ ȖȌȕț Ȉ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȘȈȏț
— dzȈȌȕȖ
ǴȐȚȧ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȗȈȓȒț ȕȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȦȦ șȚțȗȍȕȤ-
Ȓț Ȑ șȗȘȖșȐȓ
— ǵț ȒȈȒ ȋȖȚȖȊ" ǹȍȑȟȈș ȕȈȎȐȔȈȦ
— ǵȈȎȐȔȈȑ
ǫȘȖȝȖȚ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȓșȧ Ȑ ȗȘȐ șȊȍȚȍ ȏȈȎȎȍȕȕȣȝ șȗȐȟȍȒ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȒȈȒ Ȑȏ șȚȍȕȣ ȊȣȘȊȈȓȈșȤ ȚȧȎȍȓȈȧ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȈȧ ȗȓȐ-
ȚȈ ȖȗțșȚȐȓȈșȤ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț ȏȈȒȘȣȊȠȐ ȍȍ ȊșȦ — ȖȚ șȚȍȕȣ
ȌȖ șȚȍȕȣ — șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȣȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍȔ țȠȓȈ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖ Ȋ
șȚȍȕț
— ǪȐȌȈȓ ǴȐȚȧ ȒȈȒȖȊȈ ȠȚțȟȒȈ" ǰ ȊȍȌȤ ȒȈȒ ȓȖȊȒȖ ȗȘȐ-
ȕȖȘȖȊȓȍȕȖ ȊșȦ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ Ȑ ȗȖȌȈȚȤșȧ ȕȍȒțȌȈ
ǹȚȈȕȤ ȒȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȑȏ ȕȈș ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȖȒȘȖ ȉȣ
ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ

32
— ǯȕȈȟȐȚ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȖȉȍȏȖȗȈșȐȚȤ șȍȉȧ ȖȚ ȊșȧȒȐȝ
ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȍȑ ȗȖ-ȚȊȖȍȔț șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȗȘȣȋȕțȚȤ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȖ-
șȓȍȌȕȦȦ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒț"
— ǷȖ-ȔȖȍȔț ȌȈ
— ǵț ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȍȔ ǨȊȖșȤ ȊȣȊȍȏȍȚ
ǹȗȐȟȒȈ țȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȗȖȚțȝȓȈ Ȑ ȊȍșȤ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ Ƞȍȓ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖ-
Țȍ
— ǯȈȎȐȋȈȑ ȖȗȧȚȤ șȗȐȟȒț ǴȐȚȧ Ȉ ȧ ȒȈȒ ȖȕȈ ȏȈȋȖȘȐȚșȧ
ȗȘȣȋȕț
— ǺȖȓȤȒȖ Țȣ ǼȍȌȧ șȔȖȚȘȐ ȗȘȣȋȈȑ ȊȓȍȊȖ ȗȖȉȓȐȎȍ Ȓ
ȗȘȖȝȖȌț Ȑ Ȋ șȓțȟȈȍ ȟȍȋȖ ȉȍȋȐ ȗȖ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘț
ǩȓȍșȕțȓ ȖȋȖȕȍȒ ǼȍȌȖȘ ȗȘȣȋȕțȓ Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ
— ǩȘȖșȈȑ Ȕȕȍ șȗȐȟȒȐ ȧ ȏȈȎȋț Ȉ Țȣ ȗȘȣȋȈȑ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ
ǰ ǴȐȚȧ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȗȘȣȋȕțȓ
ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ șȚȖȧȓȐ ȕȈ ȚȊȍȘȌȖȑ ȗȖȟȊȍ
DZșȎȐȎ X
ȅdzǹǼǰdzǸ ǰ DZǶǺǻǮǿȀdzǾǸdz
ǼȍȌȖȘ șȚȈȓ ȠȈȘȐȚȤ ȊȖȒȘțȋ șȍȉȧ ȗȈȓȒȖȑ ǶȉȕȈȘțȎȐȓȖșȤ
ȟȚȖ ȠȐȘȐȕȈ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘȈ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȌȊțȝ ȈȘȠȐȕ ǷȖȚȖȓȒȈ ȗȈȓ-
ȒȈ ȕȍ ȌȖșȚȈȓȈ ǹȚȈȓȐ ȠȈȘȐȚȤ ȗȈȓȒȈȔȐ ȗȖ șȚȍȕȈȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȋȣ-
ȧșȕȐȚȤ ȕȍȚ ȓȐ ȏȌȍșȤ ȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȖȊ Ȑ țȋȓțȉȓȍȕȐȑ ǪȌȘțȋ
șȖ șȚȍȕȣ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ țȗȈȓȖ ǷȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȏȊțȒ
ǸȍȉȧȚȈ ȖȚșȒȖȟȐȓȐ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȑ ȎȌȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȉțȌȍȚ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ǵȖ
ȚȐȠȐȕȈ ȕȐȟȍȔ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȈȓȈșȤ
ǯȈȎȋȓȐ șȗȐȟȒȐ Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț ȊȈȓȧȍȚșȧ ȒȈȒȖȑ-
ȚȖ șȍȘȖȊȈȚȖ-ȏȍȓȍȕȣȑ ȧȡȐȟȍȒ ǷȖȌȖȠȓȐ ȉȓȐȎȍ ȗȖȌȕȧȓȐ Ȑ
șȚȈȓȐ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤ ǪȕȍȏȈȗȕȖ ȧȘȒȈȧ țȏȒȈȧ ȗȖȓȖșȈ șȊȍȚȈ ȖȏȈ-
ȘȐȓȈ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘ ǴȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȧȡȐȟȍȒ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȔ
ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒȐȔ ȜȖȕȈȘȐȒȖȔ ȗȖȝȖȎȐȔ ȕȈ Țȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ șȕȈȉ-
Ȏȍȕȣ ȗȖȟȚȐ Ȋșȍ ȈȕȋȓȐȑșȒȐȍ ȗȖȓȐȞȍȑșȒȐȍ

33
— ǪȖȚ ȥȚȖ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȖ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȑ Ȕȣ șȖ șȊȍȚȖȔ ǵțȎȕȖ ȉȣ-
șȚȘȍȍ ȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ Ȉ ȚȖ Ȕȣ Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȗȖȘȧȌȖȟȕȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȖȚȍȘȧ-
ȓȐ ǷȖșȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ ǴȐȚȧ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ"
— ǬȈ țȎ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȟȈșȈ
ǬȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ ǰȌȚȐ ȉȣȓȖ șȊȍȚȓȖ Ȑ ȓȍȋȒȖ ǷȘȖȑȌȧ ș ȟȈș
ȕȈȠȓȐ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ ȊȐșȧȡȐȑ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ǵȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȌȈȓȤ-
Ƞȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ Ȋ șȚȍȕȍ ȕȐȠț Ȉ Ȋ ȕȍȑ ȊȖ ȊȍșȤ ȘȖșȚ — șȒȍȓȍȚ
ȗȘȐȒȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ Ȓ ȒȈȔȍȕȕȖȑ șȚȍȕȍ ȏȈ ȋȖȘȓȖ ȏȈ ȗȖȧș Ȑ ȏȈ Ȗȉȍ
ȕȖȋȐ
ǶșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȐșȤ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐ ȗȖȚȘȖȋȈȓȐ
— ǬȈȊȕȖ Ȗȕ ȏȌȍșȤ șȚȖȐȚ ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ-
șȖȝǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȝȖȚȍȓȐ ȐȌȚȐ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȒȈȒ ȊȌȘțȋ ȖȚȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ
șȗȘȈȊȈ Ȑȏ ȋȓțȉȐȕȣ ȘȈȏȌȈȓșȧ ȝȘȐȗȓȣȑ ȊȖȦȡȐȑ șȚȖȕ
ǶșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȚȈȓȐ ȗȖȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȥȚȐȝ șȚȖȕȖȊ
ǪȖȚ ȝȖȌ ȊȗȘȈȊȖ ǴȈȓȍȕȤȒȈȧ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȈȧ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȏȈȗȍȘȚȈȧ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȑ ȏȈșȖȊ ǹȚȖȕȣ țșȐȓȐȓȐșȤ ǶȕȐ șȓȣȠȈ-
ȓȐșȤ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȥȚȖȑ ȌȊȍȘȐ
— ȇ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȕț ȏȈșȖȊ Ȉ Țȣ ǴȐȚȧ șȊȍȚ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȕȈȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȧȑǬȊȍȘȤ ȏȈșȒȘȐȗȍȓȈ Ȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈșȤ dzțȟ ȜȖȕȈȘȐȒȈ șȒȖȓȤȏ-
ȕțȓ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ ǵȈ ȗȖȓț ȓȐȞȖȔ ȊȕȐȏ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȋȐȔȕȈșȚȍȘȒȍ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȊȋȓȧȌȍȓȐșȤ ȗȖȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȍȑ ȚȖ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ
ȟȚȖ ȚțȓȖȊȐȡȍ ȓȍȎȈȡȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȚȐșȕțȚȖ Ȋ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȕȐȏȒțȦ
ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕțȦ ȒȓȍȚȒț ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ șȚȧȋȐȊȈȓȈșȤ ȊȐȕȚȈȔȐ DzȓȍȚȒȈ
ȥȚȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈȋȓțȝȖ ȗȘȐȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȈ Ȓ ȗȓȐȚȈȔ ȗȖȓȈ ǸțȒȐ Ȑ ȕȖȋȐ
ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȐȍșȧ Ȋȕȍ ȒȓȍȚȒȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȘȈșȚȧȕțȚȣ ȒȈȕȈȚȈȔȐ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȊȐȋȈȦȡȐȔȐșȧ ȕȈ ȉȓȖȒȈȝ ǵȈȚȧȎȍȕȐȍ ȒȈȕȈȚȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈșȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȊȣȊȍȘȕțȚȤ șțșȚȈȊȣ ǷȖ-
ȠȍȊȍȓȐȚȤșȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȈȉșȖȓȦȚȕȖ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ dzȍȎȈȡȐȑ ȕȈȗȖ-
ȔȐȕȈȓ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȚȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȖȍ ȗȖȓȏțȡȍȍ ȕȈ ȊȣȚȧȕțȚȣȝ ȓȈȗȈȝ ȕȈ-
șȍȒȖȔȖȍ
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȕȈ ȋȘțȌȐ Ȑ ȕȈ ȊȍȘȠȖȒ ȖȚ ȍȋȖ ȋțȉ șȚȖȧȓȈ
ȉȖȓȤȠȈȧ ȋȓȐȕȧȕȈȧ ȟȈȠȒȈ ș ȊȖȌȖȑ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ
ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕțȦ ȉȓȐȏȖșȚȤ ȊȖȌȣ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȌȖȚȧȕțȚȤșȧ ȌȖ ȕȍȍ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ

34
ǷȘȐȊȍșȐȊ ȜȖȕȈȘȐ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȕȣȝ ȒȘȦȒȈȝ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȉȘȖșȐ-
ȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȕȍȏȕȈȒȖȔȞț Ȑ ȔȐȋȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȘȍȏȈȓȐ ȜȐȕșȒȐȔ ȕȖȎȖȔ ȒȈ-
ȕȈȚȣ ȖȚȊȍȘȕțȓȐ ȊȐȕȚȣ Ȑ ȕȈȔȖȟȐȊ ȒȈȘȚțȏ Ȋ ȊȖȌȍ ȗȖȌȕȍșȓȐ
Ȓ ȓȐȞț ȏȈȔțȟȍȕȕȖȋȖ dzȍȋȒȈȧ ȌȘȖȎȤ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓȈ ȗȖ ȍȋȖ Țȍȓț
Ƕȕ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȋȓȈȏȈ
— ǶȗȧȚȤ ǶȗȧȚȤ Ȋȣ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȣȍ ȏȊȍȘȐ ȗȘȐȠȓȐ ȔțȟȐȚȤ
Ȕȍȕȧ ǬȤȧȊȖȓȣ ȉȍȠȍȕȣȍ ȊȖȓȒȐ ǵȍȚ Ǫȣ ȕȍ ȊȖȓȒȐ ǬȈȎȍ
ȖȕȐ șȘȈȏț ȗȘȐȒȈȕȟȐȊȈȦȚ șȊȖȦ ȎȍȘȚȊț Ȉ Ȋȣ Ȋȣ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ Ȕț-
ȟȐȚȤ ȍȍ ȔțȟȐȚȤ ȉȍȏ ȒȖȕȞȈ ǵȖ ȕȍ ȕȈȌȍȑȚȍșȤ ȇ șȒȖȘȍȍ ȖȚȒț-
Ƞț ȧȏȣȒ ȟȍȔ ȊȣȌȈȔ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ǷȖȔȕȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚ
țȔȐȘȈȍȚ ȕȖ ȕȍ ȌȍȓȈȍȚșȧ ȗȘȍȌȈȚȍȓȍȔ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ Ȕȣ ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȤȞȣ Ǵȣ ȕȍ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȣ Ǵȣ ȘȈȏ-
ȊȧȏȈȓȐ Ȑ ȝȖȚȍȓȐ șȗȈșȚȐ Țȍȉȧ ǸȈșșȒȈȎȐ ȒȚȖ Țȣ Ȑ ȒȈȒ șȦȌȈ
ȗȖȗȈȓ"
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȋȐȔȕȈșȚȍȘȒȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȐȗȖȌȕȧȚȤșȧ ȕȖ ȕȍ
șȔȖȋ Ȑ ȏȈșȚȖȕȈȊ țȗȈȓ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȕȈ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȍ ȗȓȐȚȣ
ǸȍȉȧȚȈ ȒȖȍ-ȒȈȒ ȗȘȐȊȍȓȐ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȖȋȖ Ȋ ȟțȊ-
șȚȊȖ Ȑ țșȈȌȐȓȐ ȖȒȖȓȖ șȚȍȕȣ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȧ ș ȖȉȍȐȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ
— ȇ țȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ǪǿDz ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ — ȕȈȟȈȓ ȕȖȊȣȑ
ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȑ — ǹȓȍȌȐȓ ȏȈ ȟȓȍȕȈȔȐ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȡȐȞȒȖȑ ȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȕȣ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ
ǰ Ȗȕ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȧ ș ȔȖșȒȖȊșȒȖȑ ȗȈ-
ȘȐȒȔȈȝȍȘșȒȖȑ ǸțȉȓȍȊȈ Ȑ ȒȖȕȟȈȧ șȊȖȐȔ ȗȓȍȕȍȕȐȍȔ
— Ƕȟȕțȓșȧ ȧ — ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓ Ȗȕ — șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȔ ȗȖ ȘțȒȈȔ Ȑ
ȕȖȋȈȔ ǵȈ ȋȓȈȏȈȝ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȓȖȚȕȈȧ ȗȖȊȧȏȒȈ Ǵȍȕȧ ȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ ȕȍș-
ȓȐ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȗȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȖȔț ȊȖȏȌțȝț ȏȈȚȍȔ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ
ȓȦȒ Ȑ șȚȈȓȐ șȗțșȒȈȚȤșȧ Ȑ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȗȘȐȕȍșȓȐ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȗȖȔȍ-
ȡȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ DzȖȋȌȈ Ȕȕȍ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȈȓȐ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȧ țȊȐ-
Ȍȍȓ ȚȘȍȝ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȔȈșȒȈȝ ǶȌȐȕ ȉȣȓ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȋȖ ȘȖșȚȈ ș ȟȍȘ-
ȕȖȑ ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ ǰȏ Ȑȝ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ ȧ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȐȔ Ȋ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȈ ȞȍȓȤ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ ǰȝ ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ ȐȏȊȍș-
ȚȐȓ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ DzȚȖ ȧ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ țȏȕȈȚȤ ǷȘȐ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȍ ȖȕȐ ȍȋȖ
ȕȈȏȣȊȈȓȐ ©ǪȖșȤȔȖȑª ǶȕȐ ȗȖȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȧ ȐȔ ȘȈșșȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ Ȋșȍ ȖȉȢȧșȕȐȊ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȌȍȚȈȓȧȝ ȖȗȍȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȑ ȗȓȈȕ ȇ ȖȚ-
ȒȈȏȈȓșȧ Ȑ ȊȖȚ ȚțȚ-ȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȐ șȍȉȧ Ȋ ȗȖȓȕȖȑ ȔȍȘȍ ǶȕȐ
ȉȐȓȐ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȖ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ Ȑ ȗȖ ȓȐȞț — ȊȐȌȐȚȍ șȐȕȐȍ ȗȖȓȖșȣ" —
ȘȍȏȐȕȖȊȣȔȐ ȗȈȓȒȈȔȐ ȒȖȓȖȓȐ ȌȓȐȕȕȣȔȐ ȐȋȖȓȒȈȔȐ ȊȣȘȣ-
ȊȈȓȐ ȡȐȗȞȈȔȐ ȊȖȓȖșȣ ȕȈ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ȕȍ ȌȈȊȈȓȐ ȗȐȚȤ Ȑ ȕȈȒȖ-

ȕȍȞ ȘȈșȚȧȕțȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț ȊȣȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȧ șțșȚȈȊȣ ȇ ȖȚ ȔțȟȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȉȖȓȐ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ Ȑ ȊȖȚ ȚȈȒȐȔ-ȚȖ Ȋȣ Ȕȍȕȧ Ȑ
ȕȈȠȓȐ
— ǰȌȚȐ Țȣ ȔȖȎȍȠȤ"
— ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȦ
ǪșȚȈȓ ȗȖȠȈȚȣȊȈȧșȤ ǵȖȋȐ ȕȍ șȓțȠȈȓȐșȤ
ǶȗȐȘȈȧșȤ ȕȈ ȘȍȉȧȚ Ȗȕ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ șȚȈȓ ȗȍȘȍȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ ȗȖ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ.
— ǵț ȊȖȚ ȗȖȕȍȔȕȖȋț Ȑ ȕȈȓȈȎȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȌȍȓȖ Ǻȣ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȕȍ țȕȣȊȈȑ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǶȗȐȘȈȑșȧ Ȍȓȧ ȒȘȍȗȖșȚȐ ȕȈ ǴȐȚȘȐȧ Ȑ
ȕȈȟȐȕȈȑ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ

ȆǶȂǾǼǰǮǻǻǼdz ǽǶǿȊǺǼ

37
DZșȎȐȎ ;,
DZDzdz ǰȉȃǼDz Ƕǵ ǽǼDzǵdzǺdzǹȊȍ"
ǬȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ țȎȍ ȊȚȘȖȍȔ Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȑ ȌȖ-
ȉȘȈȓȐșȤ ȌȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ Ȑ ȠȐȘȖȒȖȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ țșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȒȈ-
ȔȍȕȕȣȔȐ șȒȈȔȤȧȔȐ șȚȖȓȈȔȐ Ȑ ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-ȚȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȔȐ ȜȐȋț-
ȘȈȔȐ ȖȟȍȘȚȈȕȐȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȘȈșȗȓȣȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ șțȔȘȈȒȍ Ǫ ȖȌȕȖȑ
Ȑȏ șȚȍȕ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȠȒȈȜ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȕȈȠȓȐ ȕȈȒ-
ȓȈȌȕțȦ ȟȍȘȕțȦ ȉȖȘȖȌț ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȜȖȕȈȘȍȑ ȌȊȈ ȕȈȋȈȕȈ Ȑ
ȖȌȕț ȉȖȔȉț ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȈ ȗȖȌ ȐȔȍȕȍȔ ©ȉȖȔȉȣ ǵȖȊȐȞ-
ȒȖȋȖª
ǼȍȌȖȘ ȖȚȌȈȓ ȖȌȐȕ ȕȈȋȈȕ ǴȐȚȍ Ȉ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȉȖȔȉȖȑ
ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ șȍȉȍ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȔț ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȗȖȒȈ ȗȈȓȒț ȖȗȐȘȈȧșȤ ȕȈ
ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȗȕ ȗȍȘȍȌȊȐȋȈȓșȧ ȉȖȓȍȍ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ
ǬȈȓȤȠȍ ȝȖȌȈ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȕȈȟȐȚ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ Ȑ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ
ȉȣȚȤ ȊȣȝȖȌ ȕȈȘțȎț
— ǵț ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȘȈșȝȖȌȐșȤ Ȋ ȘȈȏȕȣȍ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ Ȑ ȌȈȊȈȑ Ȑș-
ȒȈȚȤ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ
ǴȐȚȧ Ȋșȍ șȚȈȚțȐ ȏȈ ȘțȒȐ Ȑ ȏȈ ȕȖȋȐ ȗȍȘȍȚȘȖȋȈȓ — ȕȐȟȍȋȖ
ȗțȚȕȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ
— ǹȚȖȑȚȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ — șȔȖȚȘȐȚȍ șȓȍ-
Ȍȣ ȕȈ ȗȣȓȐ Ȑ ȊȍȌțȚ ȖȕȐ ȊȖȚ Ȓ ȥȚȖȑ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȍ Ȉ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȒȈ-
ȒȐȝ șȓȍȌȖȊ ȕȍȚ
ǷȖȌȖȠȓȐ ȗȖȋȓȧȌȍȓȐ — ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȖ ǹȚȈȓȐ ȒȈȘȚȐȕț ȘȈȏ-
ȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȚȤ DzȈȘȚȐȕȈ ȥȚȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍ ȕȈȘȐșȖȊȈȕȈ Ȉ Ȑȏ ȘȈȏȕȖȞȊȍȚ-
ȕȣȝ ȒȈȔȕȍȑ șȓȖȎȍȕȈ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȓȈ Ȑȏ șȍȉȧ ȖȝȖȚț ș ȉȖȘ-
ȏȣȔȐ
— ǵț ȏȕȈȍȚȍ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȍȌȧ — ș ȥȚȖȑ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȖȑ ȌȍȓȖ
ȗȖȚȘțȌȕȍȑ ȉțȌȍȚ ȟȍȔ șȖ șȚȈȚțȍȑ Ȋ ǪȖȓȟȤȍȔ ȖȊȘȈȋȍ ǴȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ, Țȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȌȖȋȈȌȈȍȠȤșȧ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ"
— ǷȖȗȘȖȉțȦ ǬțȔȈȦ ȧ ȟȚȖ ȝȖȌ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ
ȕȈ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȥȚȐȝ ȒțșȖȟȒȖȊ ȕȈȌȈȊȐȚȤ Ǩ ȘȈȏ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ ȕȈȌȈȊȓȐ-
ȊȈȓȐ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȘȈȏ ȏȕȈȟȐȚ Ȗȕ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȚȍȘȚ
— ǷȖ-ȔȖȍȔț ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ȊȖȚ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȊțȝ șȖȉȈȒ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȊȣȗțȒȓȣ
Ȑ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȚțșȒȓȣ ȟȍȔ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȟȈșȚȐ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȣ — șȒȈȏȈȓ

ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ — ǬȈȊȈȑȚȍ-ȒȈ ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȍȔ ȕȈȎȈȚȤ ȕȈ Ȗȉȍ șȘȈȏț
ǵȈȎȈȓȐ DzȈȘȚȐȕȈ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȕțȓȈșȤ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȑ Ȋ ȓȐȞȖ ȕȈ-
ȠȐȔ ȕȍȊȖȓȤȕȣȔ ȗțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȍȕȕȐȒȈȔ ȗȈȝȕțȓȖ șȊȍȎȐȔ ȊȖȏȌț-
ȝȖȔǪȣȠȓȐ Ǫ ȗȖȓțȔȘȈȒȍ ȊȣȘȐșȖȊȣȊȈȓȐșȤ ȔȘȈȔȖȘȕȣȍ ȋȘȖȉ-
ȕȐȞȣ ȘȈȏȉȘȖșȈȕȕȣȍ ȕȈ ȗȖȌșȚȈȊȒȈȝ ȐșȒțșșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ ȊȍȕȒȐ
ȊȐșȧȡȐȍ ȓȈȔȗȈȌȣ
— ǿȚȖ Ȏȍ ȥȚȖ ȚȈȒȖȍ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— ǷȖȌȖȎȌȐ ȌȈȑ ȖȋȓȧȌȍȚȤșȧ Ǩȝ Țȣ ȟȍȘȚ ǬȈ ȊȍȌȤ ȥȚȖ
șȒȓȍȗ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊȐȟȍȑ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȒȖȕȞȍ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘșȒȖȋȖ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȈ
ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕ ǰȠȤ ȒțȌȈ ȕȈȠ ©ȊȖȓȒª ș ȗȘȐșȚȈȊȕȖȑ ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ
ȏȈȉȍȎȈȓ ǵț ȌȈ ȠȈȓȐȠȤ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȕȍ țȉȍȎȐȠȤ — ȗȖȑ-
ȔȈȍȔ ǴȐȚȧ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ
— ǿȍȚȊȍȘȚȤ ȚȘȍȚȤȍȋȖ
— ǵȈȌȖ șȗȍȠȐȚȤ ǪȖȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȈȒ ȝȖȌ ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȕȍ
ȏȕȈȦ Ǩ ȊȍȌȤ ȚȈȒ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȔ ȍȋȖ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ
— ǹȚȖȗ ǷȖȟȍȔț ȥȚȖ ȊȖȕ ȚȈ ȒȘȈȑȕȧȧ ȓȈȔȗȈȌȈ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ
ȉȣ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȒȈȟȐȊȈȍȚșȧ" ǪȍȌȤ ȌȖ ȕȈș ȚțȚ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ǺțȚ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍȓȈȌȕȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ Ȑ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ȌțȔȈȧ ȗȖ-
Țȧȕțȓ ȏȈ ȞȍȗȤ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȊȐșȍȓȈ ȓȈȔȗȈȌȈ
ǰ ȝȖȌȈ ȒȈȒ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
— Ǩ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȍȝȐȚȘȈȧ ȠȚțȒȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȘȈȏȉȍȘȍȠȤșȧ — ȏȈȔȍ-
ȚȐȓ ǴȐȚȘȐȑ
— dzȈȌȕȖ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȔ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǼȍȌȖȘ
ǰȏ șȒȓȍȗȈ ȕȈȘțȎț ȊȍȓȈ ȕȍȗȓȖȚȕȖ ȗȘȐȚȊȖȘȍȕȕȈȧ ȌȊȍȘȤ
ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȗȖȌȌȈȓȈșȤ ȗȘȐ șȓȈȉȖȔ ȕȈȎȐȔȍ
ǪȣȠȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ǹȊȍȚȈȓȖ
— DzțȌȈ Ȏȍ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— Dz ȕȈȔ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ — ȅȚȖ ȚțȚ ȘȧȌȖȔ ǪȖȚ ȌȖȑ-
ȌȍȔ ȌȖ șȚȍȕȣ ȗȍȘȍȔȈȝȕȍȔ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍȍ ȗȘȖȑȌȍȔ ȗȍȘȍțȓȖȒ Ȑ țȗ-
ȘȍȔșȧ Ȋ ȏȈȉȖȘ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ șȈȌȈ Ǩ ȚȈȔ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȏȈȉȖȘ — Ȑ ȌȖȔȈ
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39
DZșȎȐȎ XII
ǰȉǿȀǾdzǹ Ƕǵ-ǵǮ ȁDZǹǮ
ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȈȧ ȋțȉȍȘȕȐȧ — ȏȈȝȖȓțșȚȤȍ ȐȏȘȧȌȕȖȍ Ǫ țȟȍȉȕȐ-
ȒȈȝ ȋȍȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȍȍ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȍ ȌȖșȚȖȗȘȐȔȍȟȈȚȍȓȤ--
ȕȖșȚȐ ©ǽȓȍȉ șȈȓȖ Ȑ ȔȖȡȐ țȋȖȌȕȐȒȖȊ ǩȖȎȤȐȝª
ǵȈșȍȓȍȕȐȍ ȋțȉȍȘȕȐȐ — șȗȓȖȠȤ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ-ȏȍȔȓȍȗȈȠȞȣ
Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ ȗȘȐȦȚȐȓȖșȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ-
ȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒ ȌȈ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȌȖȘȖȎȕȣȍ ȔȈșȚȍȘ-
șȒȐȍ
ǭșȓȐ ȗȖȑȚȐ ȖȚ ȞȍȕȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȋȖȘȖȌșȒȖȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȐ ȕȖșȐȊ-
Ƞȍȑ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȐȍ ǺȍȈȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ șȗțșȒȈ Ȓ ȘȍȒȍ
ǫȘȈȟȍȊȒȍ ȚȖ ȗȘȖȑȌȧ ȌȊȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȈȓȈ Ȋ ȗȍȘȍțȓȒȍ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȖ ȉȘȖ-
șȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȖȚȌȍȓȈȕȕȣȑ ȚȍȘȘȈȏȐȚȖȔ ȌȖȔ ǯȌȍșȤ
ȗȖȔȍȡȈȍȚșȧ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ
ǪȍȟȍȘ DzȈȎȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ ȌȖȔ Ȑ Ȋșȍ Ȋ ȕȍȔ șȗȐȚ ǰ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȧȘ-
ȒȐȑ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ ȕȈȌ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȔ ȊȝȖȌȖȔ ȉȘȖșȈȍȚ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ ȧȘ-
ȒȐȍ ȗȘȐȟțȌȓȐȊȣȍ ȉȓȐȒȐ
ǵȖ ȊȖȚ ȚȐȠȐȕț ȚȐȝȖ ȌȘȍȔȓȦȡȐȝ țȓȐȞ ȕȈȘțȠȐȓȐ ȟȍȚ-
ȒȐȍ țȌȈȘȣ ȒȖȗȣȚ ȉȣșȚȘȖ șȒȈȟțȡȍȑ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ ǰȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ Ȋȣ-
ȕȍșșȧ ȊșȈȌȕȐȒ ǵȍ șȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȧ ȘȣșȐ Ȗȕ șȗȘȣȋȕțȓ ș șȍȌȓȈ
ȗȘȖȕȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȊȐșȚȕțȓ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȊ ȓȖȠȈȌȤ ȊȣȠȍȌȠȍȔț ȕȈ
șȊȐșȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒț ȊȉȍȎȈȓ ȗȖ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȍ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ ȊȖȊȕțȚȘȤ ȗȖ-
ȔȍȡȍȕȐȧ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ț șȍȉȧ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ Ȗȕ ț
ȊȕțȚȘȍȕȕȍȋȖ ȟȈșȖȊȖȋȖ
— ǯȌȖȘȖȊȖ DzțȏȐȕ ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑ șȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȊȍȘȕȍȚșȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ǷȘȐȌȍȚșȧ Țȍȉȍ ȗȖȌȖ-
ȎȌȈȚȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ
ǯȈ ȗȖȓȟȈșȈ ȌȖ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ DzțȏȐȕȈ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ șȐȌȧ
ț șȍȉȧ Ȋ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȍ ȘȈȏȉȐȘȈȓ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȦȦ ȗȖȟȚț ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ
ȏȊȖȕȖȒ ȗȘȖȘȍȏȈȓ ȚȐȠȐȕț Ǫȏȧȓ ȚȘțȉȒț
— ǨȓȓȖ ǹȓțȠȈȦ

40
— ȅȚȖ Țȣ ǪȖȓȖȌȧ"
— DzȚȖ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȍȚ"
— ȇ dzȐȌȈ
— Ǩ ȥȚȖ Țȣ șȍșȚȘȍȕȒȈ" Ǫ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ"
— ǪȖȓȖȌȧ ȏȈȑȌȐ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț ȌȖȔȖȑ ǴȈȔȍ
ȕȍȏȌȖȘȖȊȐȚșȧ
— ǴȐȕțȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȧȚȤ ȏȈȑȌț — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ
Ȑ ȗȖȊȍșȐȊ ȚȘțȉȒț șȕȖȊȈ ȗȘȐȕȧȓșȧ ȏȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț
ǶȒȖȕȟȐȊ ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ ȊȈȎȕȣȝ ȉțȔȈȋ Ȑ șȗȘȧȚȈȊ Ȋșȍ
Ȋ ȧȡȐȒ ȗȐșȤȔȍȕȕȖȋȖ șȚȖȓȈ Ȗȕ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑȏ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȈ ȏȈȗȍȘ
ȌȊȍȘȤ ȕȈ ȒȓȦȟ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ șȗțșȒȈȚȤșȧ ȊȕȐȏ
ǷȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȟȈșȖȊȖȔț
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǩȖȓȖȚȖȊ ȧ ȌȖȔȖȑ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚȒț ǭșȓȐ ȒȚȖ ȉț-
ȌȍȚ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȚȤ șȒȈȎȐ ȟȚȖ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȘȐȌț
Ǫ ȒȖȕȞȍ ǴȖȕȈșȚȣȘșȒȖȑ țȓȐȞȣ ș țȋȓȈ ȕȈ țȋȖȓ ȖȚ ȋȖșȚȐ-
ȕȐȞȣ ©ǨȕȋȓȐȧª Ȋ șȈȌț ȖȉȕȍșȍȕȕȖȔ ȕȍȊȣșȖȒȖȑ ȒȈȔȍȕȕȖȑ
ȖȋȘȈȌȖȑ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ ȘȍȔȍșȓȍȕȕȖȍ țȟȐȓȐȡȍ ȐȔȍȕȐ ȒțȗȞȈ
ǹȖȓȖȔȍȕȒȐȕȈ
ǸȍȠȍȚȟȈȚȈȧ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȈȧ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȊȍȌțȡȈȧ ș țȓȐȞȣ Ȋ șȈȌ ȖȒ-
ȘțȎȈȊȠȐȑ țȟȐȓȐȡȍ ȖȉȣȟȕȖ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȏȈȗȍȘȚȈȧ ȉȣȓȈ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ
ȊȍȟȍȘ ȗȖȓțȖȚȒȘȣȚȈ ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȚȤ Ȋ ȥȚț ȗȖȓțȖȚȒȘȣȚțȦ
ȌȊȍȘȤ ȚȖ ț ȗȘȖȓȖȔȈ șȚȍȕȣ ȐȌțȡȍȑ ȊȌȖȓȤ ǴȖȕȈșȚȣȘșȒȖȑ
țȓȐȞȣ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȕȍȊȣșȖȒȖȋȖ ȒȖȘȍȕȈșȚȖȋȖ ȟȍ-
ȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖ ȊșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȊȠȍȋȖșȧ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚț ȗțșȚȣȕ-
ȕȣȝ țȓȐȞ
— ǰȌȍȚ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȏȈșȓȣȠȈȊ ȠțȔ ȠȈȋȖȊ Ȑ
țȊȐȌȍȊ șȐȓțȥȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȧȡȍȋȖ ȗȖȓȖȚȕȖ ȒȖȕȕȖȑ Ȏȍ-
ȓȍȏȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ Ȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȡȍȋȖșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȋȖșȚȐȕȐȞȣ ©Ǩȕȋ-
ȓȐȧª
ǹȖȋȕțȊȠȐșȤ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȏȊȍȘȤ ȋȖȚȖȊȧȡȐȑșȧ Ȓ ȗȘȣȎȒț șț-
ȕțȓ ȘțȒț Ȋ ȕȈȘțȎȕȣȑ ȒȈȘȔȈȕ ȊȣȚȈȡȐȓ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȉȘȈțȕȐȕȋ Ȑ
ȗȘȐȞȍȓȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȦȡțȦșȧ ȜȐȋțȘț
ǭȡȍ ȕȍ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȓ DzțȏȐȕ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ ș ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȔ
ȒȈȒ ș țȓȐȞȣ ȌȖȋȖȕȧȧ ȖȌȐȕ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȊȣȘȊȈȓȐșȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ
șțȝȐȝ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȕȣȝ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȖȊ ǹȚȘȍȓȧȓȐ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȉȓȐȏ-
ȒȖ

41
ǰȏ ȉȖȒȖȊȖȑ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȒȈȘȈțȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧ ȉȍȏ ȜțȘȈ-
ȎȍȒ ȗȖȓțȖȌȍȚȣȍ ș ȕȈȋȈȕȈȔȐ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȊȣȉȍȎȈȓȐ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȍ
ȈȋȍȕȚȣ Ȑ ȔȍȚȕțȓȐșȤ ȊȕȐȏ ȗȖ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȍ
ǹȚțȒȕțȓȈ ȊȣȝȖȌȕȈȧ ȌȊȍȘȤ
ǹȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ǴȖȕȈșȚȣȘșȒȖȑ țȓȐȞȣ ȕȈȘȈșȚȈȓ ȠțȔ ȋȖȓȖ-
șȖȊDzțȏȐȕ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓ ȕȈ țȓȐȞț Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ Ȓ ȌȖȔț
ȗȖȌȝȖȌȐȚ ȋȘțȗȗȈ ȓȦȌȍȑ ǹȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ Ȗȕ țȏȕȈȓ ȗȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȧ
ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ Ƞȍȓ ȗȘȐȝȘȈȔȣȊȈȧ Ȑ ȖȗȐȘȈȧșȤ ȕȈ ȘțȒț ȖȌ-
ȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȈȋȍȕȚȖȊ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȉȣȓ ȘȈȕȍȕ Ȋ ȕȖȋț
— Ǩ ȥȚȖ Țȣ DzțȏȐȕ ǷȘȐȊȍȏ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ"
— ǺȈȒ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ǪȖȚ ȗȈȒȍȚ șȘȖȟȕȣȝ
ȌȖȕȍșȍȕȐȑ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ — ș ȥȚȐȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ DzțȏȐȕ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȈȓ ȖȉȢȍȔȐșȚȣȑ ȗȈȒȍȚ ș șțȘȋțȟȕȖȑ ȗȍȟȈȚȤȦ
ǪȏȧȊ ȗȈȒȍȚ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ șȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȧ ȉȖȓȤ șȚȈȓ ȗȖȌ-
ȕȐȔȈȚȤșȧ ȗȖ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȍ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ
DzțȏȐȕ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȕȈ țȓȐȞȍ Ȑ ȖȚ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȝ ȈȋȍȕȚȖȊ țȏȕȈȓ
ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖșȚȐ șȓțȟȐȊȠȍȋȖșȧ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒț ȗȖȏȊȖȕȐȓȐ Ȑȏ ȌȖȔț
Ȑ ȗȘȖșȐȓȐ ȗȘȐȑȚȐ ǹȗțșȚȧ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖșȓȍ ȏȊȖȕȒȈ Ȗȕ Ȋȣ-
Ƞȍȓ Ȑȏ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ Ȑ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȊȠȐșȤ ș ȖȋȘȈȌȖȑ șȈȌȈ ȘȍȔȍșȓȍȕ-
ȕȖȋȖ țȟȐȓȐȡȈ ȉȣȓ ȖȉșȚȘȍȓȧȕ Ȑȏ ȉȘȈțȕȐȕȋȈ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȐ ȖȌ-
ȕȈ ȗțȓȧ ȕȍ ȏȈȌȍȓȈ ȍȋȖ
ǹ ȉȘȈțȕȐȕȋȖȔ Ȋ ȘțȒȍ Ȗȕ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȊȖȘȖȚȈ șȈȌȈ Ȑ țȊȐ-
ȌȍȊ țȉȍȋȈȊȠȍȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȐȓ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȍȔț ȊșȓȍȌ.
ǩȍȎȈȊȠȐȑ țȗȈȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȕȍ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȧ Ȑȏ ȘțȒ ȉȘȈț-
ȕȐȕȋȈ șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȚȤșȧ Ȓ țȗȈȊȠȍȔț ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ
ȕȍ ȗȖȌȈȊȈȓ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȖȊ ȎȐȏȕȐ
ǪȕȍȏȈȗȕȖ ȗȖȟȚȐ Ȋ țȗȖȘ ȗȘȖȋȘȍȔȍȓ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕ-
ȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȖșȚȘțȦ ȘȍȎțȡțȦ ȉȖȓȤ Ȋ ȕȖȋȍ
ǹȚȘȍȓȧȊȠȐȑ ȊșȒȖȟȐȓ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȖȋȘȈȌȍ ǹȖȉȘȈȊ șȐȓȣ
Ȑ ȗȖȔȕȧ ȓȐȠȤ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ țȗțșȚȐȚȤ ǨȓȍȒ-
șȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ șȚȘȍȓȧȍȚ ȍȔț ȊșȓȍȌ ǩȈȕȌȐȚ ȗȈȌȈȍȚ ȕȈ ȊșȍȔ ȉȍ-
ȋț ȊȕȐȏ ȓȐȞȖȔ Ȑ țȎȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȍȚșȧ ǷȖȟȚȐ ȖȌȕȖ-
ȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȈȌȈȍȚ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȊȠȐȑ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ

42
DZșȎȐȎ XIII
©ǰǼǿȊǺǼǷª — ©ȆdzǿȀǼǺȁª
ǷȖȌȕȧȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȓȍȋ ȕȈ ȒțȠȍȚȒț
ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȉȖȓȤ Ȋ ȕȖȋȍ ȌȈȊȈȓȈ șȍȉȧ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ǪȣȏȊȈȓȐ ȌȖȒ-
ȚȖȘȈ ǩȈȏȐȓȍȊșȒȖȋȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȊ ȘȈȕț șȒȈȏȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȐ-
ȒȈȒȖȑ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ ȕȍȚ ȒȖșȚȤ ȞȍȓȈ Ȑ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȖșȓȈȉȍȓ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȚ ȗȖȚȍȘȐ ȒȘȖȊȐ
— ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȍȕȍȑ Ȋ ȗȖșȚȍȓȐ — Ȑ Ȋȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ șȔȖȎȍ-
Țȍ șȕȖȊȈ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ — ȏȈȧȊȐȓ Ȗȕ
— ǴȈȋȕȐș — ȗȖȏȊȈȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȈȋȍȕȚȈ ȖșȚȈȊȠȍ-
ȋȖșȧ ȊȖȏȓȍ ȕȍȋȖ — ȗȖȏȊȖȕȐ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ ȌȖȔȖȑ ȊȣȏȖȊȐ șȍ-
șȚȘț ȗȍȘȍȌȈȑ ȍȑ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȍȍ Ȑ țșȗȖȒȖȑ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍȔ
ȌȖȒȚȖȘȈ
ǨȋȍȕȚ ȊȣȠȍȓ ȕȖ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȒȈȉȐ-
ȕȍȚ
— ǰȏ ȌȖȔȈ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȊȈȔ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȊȖȕȐȓ ș șȈȔȖȋȖ
țȚȘȈ
— DzȈȒ ȕȍ ȏȊȖȕȐȓ" ǵȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȉȣȚȤ ǪȍȌȤ ȧ Ȏȍ șȈȔ
șȓȣȠȈȓ ȋȖȓȖș șȍșȚȘȣ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȧ ȗȖȏȊȖȕȦ șȍȑȟȈș Ȑȏ ȊȈȠȍȋȖ ȒȈ-
ȉȐȕȍȚȈ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȔ ȊȈȔ ȚȘțȉȒț Ȉ Ȋȣ țȎȍ șȈȔȐ ȊȣȧșȕȐȚȍ Ȋ
ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ
— ǯȊȖȕȐ
ǪȣȏȊȈȊ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘț ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ǴȈȋȕȐș ȗȍȘȍȌȈȓ
ȚȘțȉȒț
— DzȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ"
— ȇ dzȐȌȈ
— ǶȉȢȧșȕȐ Ȕȕȍ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ" ǯȊȖȕȐȓȈ Țȣ Ȕȕȍ
ȐȓȐ ȕȍȚ" ǪȍȌȤ ȧ Ȏȍ țȏȕȈȓ ȚȊȖȑ ȋȖȓȖș
— ǵȍȚ ǪȖȓȖȌȧ ȧ ȕȍ ȏȊȖȕȐȓȈ Țȍȉȍ ȌȈ Ȑ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȈ ȏȊȖ-
ȕȐȚȤ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȊȍșȤ ȌȍȕȤ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȌȖȔȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȠȓȈ țȎȍ ȗȖȏȎȍ
ȊȖșȤȔȐ ȟȈșȖȊ
— Ǫ ȟȍȔ Ȏȍ ȌȍȓȖ" ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȚșȧ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘ-
ȌȍȑșȒȐȍ ȠȚțȟȒȐ" DzȈȒ Țȣ ȌțȔȈȍȠȤ dzȐȌȈ" ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ

43
ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȔ ȗȖșȓȍ Ȉ ȗȖȒȈ țșȗȖȒȖȑ ȔȈȔț ǬȍȓȖ ȒȖȕȟȐȓȖșȤ ȗț-
șȚȧȒȈȔȐ — Ȍȕȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ ȊșȚȈȕț
Ǫ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ ȊȖȠȍȓ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȌȍȘȎȈȊ-
ȠȐȑ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȉțȔȈȋ
— ǿȚȖ ț Țȍȉȧ ǹȈȠȈ"
— Ǩ ȊȖȚ, ȗȖȓȦȉțȑșȧ ǵȈȠȓȐ Ȋ ȗȖȌȒȓȈȌȒȍ ȜțȘȈȎȒȐ șȚȘȍ-
ȓȧȊȠȍȋȖ Ȋ Țȍȉȧ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȈ
ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ Ȋȏȧȓ ȗȘȐȕȍșȍȕȕȣȍ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ǭȋȖ ȊȕȐ-
ȔȈȕȐȍ șȘȈȏț Ȏȍ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȒȓȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȖȍ ȗȖșȓȈȕȐȍ
Ǽʑˑ˔˟ˏˑˌ — ʧˈ˔˕ˑˏ˖Ǥ
ʑˑ ˋˏˢ ʑˈˎˋˍˑˌ ʟˑˇˋː˞ǡ ˒ˑ˓˖ˆ˃ːːˑˆˑ ʥ˃˓ˢ — ˒˓ˋˍ˃ˊ˞--
˅˃ˡ ʑ˃ˏ ˖ːˋ˚˕ˑˉˋ˕˟ ˔˒ˑ˔ˑ˄ˑˏǡ ˍˑ˕ˑ˓˞ˌ ː˃ˌˇˈ˕ˈ ˖ˇˑ˄ː˞ˏǡ
ː˃˚˃ˎ˟ːˋˍ˃ ʖ˃ˆˑ˓˔ˍˑˌ ʒ˖˄˚ˈˍ˃ — ʏˎˈˍ˔˃ːˇ˓ˑ˅˔ˍˑˆˑǤ ʝ ˓ˈ-
ˊ˖ˎ˟˕˃˕ˈ ˋˊ˅ˈ˔˕ˋ˕˟ ˒ˑ ˃ˇ˓ˈ˔˖ǣ ʮ͹ ʐͳʹ ʑͶ Hͳʹͳ ʠ5 ʢͺʹ ʟʹ ʟͳ͵
ʑͳʜ͵ʔͳͳʮͳͺʤ͸ʙͳͻʜͶ͵ʏʹͲǣʛͻʟͶʗͳ͹ʥͺ͹ʓͻͶʝͺͳʚͷͷ
ʑͶͺʠ͵ͳʗͳʛʹͺʟͺOͳʹʏ͸ʏͳ͸ʜͺͳʝ͵ͲʝͺͲʑͶʛͳ͸ʝ͵ʔ͵͵
ʡ͹ ʔ͹Ͷ ʪ͸ͳ ʛͷ͵ ʏͷͲ ʓͳ ͵ǽǤ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȈ ȈȘȐȜȔȍȚȐȒȈ ș ȋȘȈȔȔȈȚȐȒȖȑ" — șȒȈȏȈȓ ȕȈ-
ȒȖȕȍȞ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ — ȅȒȈ ȖȕȐ ȚțȚ ȞȐȜȘ ȌȈ ȉțȒȊ ȕȈȗț-
ȚȈȓȐ ǵț ȌȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ — ȘȈșȗțȚȈȍȔ
ǶșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȘȈȏȕȣȍ țȌȖșȚȖȊȍȘȍȕȐȧ ȊȣȌȈȕ-
ȕȣȍ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȐȕț ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȖȔț ȒȈȒ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒț ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕȕȖ-
ȈȌȔȐȕȐșȚȘȈȚȐȊȕȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ǫțȉȗȘȖȌȒȖȔȈ
— ǹȈȠȈ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȐ ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȑ
Ȑȝ șȚȈȘȠȍȔț șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȦ DzțȌȘȍȊȐȟț ǷțșȚȤ Ȗȕ ȊȖ- ȗȍȘȊȣȝ,
ȗȖșȚȈȘȈȍȚșȧ ȘȈșȠȐȜȘȖȊȈȚȤ ȊșȦ ȥȚț ȈȘȐȜȔȍȚȐȒț Ȉ ȊȖ-ȊȚȖ-
Șȣȝ ȗțșȚȤ Ȗȕ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚ șȓțȎȐȚ ȓȐ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖ Ȋ ǫțȉȗȘȖȌȒȖȔȍ ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȐȑ
— ǵȍ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȧ Ȋșȍ ȉțȌȍȚ șȌȍȓȈȕȖ
— ǬȈ ȧ Ȑ ȏȈȉȣȓ șȗȘȖșȐȚȤ Țȍȉȧ ȎȐȊ ȥȚȖȚ șȈȔȣȑ ǯȈȊȖȑ-
șȒȐȑ ȐȓȐ țȔȍȘ"
— ǮȐȊ ȝȖȚȧ Țȣ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȖ țȋȖșȚȐȓ ȍȋȖ ȊșȈȌȐȊ ȗțȓȦ ȗȖȌ
ȗȘȈȊțȦ ȓȖȗȈȚȒț ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȊȣȎȐȊȍȚ ȓȐ
— ǬȖȓȎȍȕ ȊȣȎȐȚȤ ǷȖșȓȈȚȤ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȓțȟȠȐȝ ȌȖȒȚȖȘȖȊ
ǻȝȈȎȐȊȈȚȤ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȕȖ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȧȚȤ ȒȈȘȈțȓȈ ȇ ȗȖȟȍȔț-ȚȖ Ȍț-

44
ȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȦȚșȧ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤ
— ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ — Țȍȉȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȖȚ-
ȌȖȝȕțȚȤ ǯȈȊȚȘȈ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȔ ǩțȌȤ ȏȌȖȘȖȊ
— ǹȈȠȈ ǹȈȠȈ ǪȍȘȕȐșȤ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚȒț ǹȖȊșȍȔ ȏȈȉȣȓ Ȗ
șȘȖȟȕȖȔ ȗȈȒȍȚȍ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ Ǻȍȉȍ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȍȋȖ Ȑ
ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȗȘȐșȓȈȕȕȣȍ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ǻȚȘȖȔ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȍȠȤ Ȕȕȍ
DZșȎȐȎ ;,9
ǻǮǰǿȀǾdzȅȁ ǯǮǻDzǶȀǮǺ
ǵȖȟȤ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȗȘȖȊȍȓ șȘȈȊȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ
ǸȈȕȈ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȐȓȈ ȕȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ șȐȓȤȕȖ Ƕȕ țȎȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȉȣȓȖ
ȊșȚȈȚȤ ȕȖ ȌȖȒȚȖȘ ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȍȔț ȗȘȖȉȣȚȤ Ȋ
ȗȖșȚȍȓȐ ȍȡȍ ȚȘȐ-ȟȍȚȣȘȍ Ȍȕȧ
Ǫ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȏȈȠȍȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ
— ǵț ȟȚȖ ȒȈȒ ȚȊȖȍ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȤȍ"
— ǶȟȍȕȤ ȗȘȐȓȐȟȕȖ ǿȚȖ ȗȐȠțȚ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ"
— ǹȍȑȟȈș ȉțȌț ȌȖȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȚȤ ǵȈȠ țȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ șȖȖȉȡȈȍȚ Ȗ ȘȈșȚțȡȍȑ ȈȒȚȐȊȕȖșȚȐ ȉȈȕȌȐȚșȒȐȝ ȥȓȍȔȍȕ-
ȚȖȊ DzțȓȈȟȍșȚȊȖ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏțȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȎȌȍȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
țȌȖȉȕȖȋȖ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȈ Ȍȓȧ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ǩȣȓȐ șȓțȟȈȐ țȉȐȑșȚ-
ȊȈ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȌȈȘȔȍȑȞȍȊ ǵȖ Ȑ ȥȚȖ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ Ȋșȍ ǷȖșȓȍȌ-
ȕȍȍ ȌȖȕȍșȍȕȐȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȊȖșȤȔȖȋȖ șȍȕȚȧȉȘȧ Ȋȣȍ-
ȝȈȊȠȐȑ Ȋ ȘȈȑȖȕ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȗȘȖȌȖȚȘȧȌȈ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȐȑ țȗȘȖȌ-
ȒȖȔȐșșȈȘ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǿțȑȒȖ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȝȊȈȟȍȕ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȖȝȘȈȕȖȑ Ȑ
ȏȊȍȘșȒȐ ȏȈȔțȟȍȕ — ș ȕȍȋȖ ȎȐȊȖȋȖ ȘȊȈȓȐ ȒȖȎț ȊȉȐȊȈȓȐ
ȋȊȖȏȌȐ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊț Ȑ Ȋ ȒȖȕȞȍ ȒȖȕȞȖȊ ȗȖȌȊȍșȐȓȐ ȍȋȖ Ȑ ȉȣȊȠȐȝ
ș ȕȐȔ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ȖșȔȖȓȐȊ Ȑȝ ȏȈȎȐȊȖ
— ǪȖȚ ȏȊȍȘȤȍ ǰ ȕȈș ȍȡȍ ȖȉȊȐȕȧȦȚ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȊȍȌȍȔ
ȉȖȘȤȉț ș ȥȚȐȔȐ ȓȦȌȤȔȐ ǪȍȌȤ ȊȖȓȒȐ Ȑ Țȍ ȕȍ ȔțȟȈȦȚ ȚȈȒ
șȊȖȐ ȎȍȘȚȊȣ ȒȈȒ ȥȚȐ ȕȍȋȖȌȧȐ
— ǭșȓȐ Țȣ ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȧ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȡț ȌȖȒȓȈȌ

45
— dzȈȌȕȖ ȕȍ ȉțȌț Ǻȣ ȊȖȚ ȓțȟȠȍ șȒȈȎȐ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ǴȖȍ
ȔȕȍȕȐȍ — ȊȣșȓȈȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȈȘȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȖȚȘȧȌȖȊ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ
ȘȈȑȖȕ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖȍ Ȏȍ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȐ DzȖȕȍȊ-
Ȓț ǷȚȐȟȕȖȍ ǵȖȊȖ-ǫȖȘȍȓȖȍ ǺȈȔ ȗȖȟȚȐ șȗȓȖȠȤ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐ-
ȒȖȊȞȣ
— ǷȘȖȚȐȊ ȗȖșȣȓȒȐ ȖȚȘȧȌȖȊ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȈȚȤ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ.
ǹȓȍȌțȍȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȖȋȓȈșȖȊȈȚȤ ȊȖȗȘȖș ș ȋțȉȊȖȍȕȒȖȔȖȔ ǷȓȖȝȖ
ȊȖȚ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȒȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ șȍȔȐȌȍșȧȚȐ ȗȧȚȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȑ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȗț-
ȓȍȔȍȚȈ ȌȈȚȤ ȕȍ șțȔȍȍȔ
— ǽȊȈȚȐȚ ȗȖȒȈ Ȑ ȥȚȖȋȖ ǪȍȌȤ ț ȕȐȝ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ ȒȖȍ-ȟȚȖ ȍșȚȤ
Ǩ ȍșȓȐ ȗȖȕȈȌȖȉȐȚșȧ ȗȖȌȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȍ — ȔȖȉȐȓȐȏțȦȚ ȟȖȕȖȊȞȍȊ
ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȖȔ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȕȈȏȕȈȟȐȚȤ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ — Ȗȕ
ȗȈȘȍȕȤ ȉȖȍȊȖȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȣȑ Ȋ ȚȘțȌȕțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț ȕȍ ȘȈșȚȍ-
ȘȧȍȚșȧ Ȑ șțȔȍȍȚ ȌȈȚȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȑ ȖȚȗȖȘ DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȌȕȐȔțșȤ
— ȊȣȍȌț Ȋ ȘȈȑȖȕ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȐȏȔȈ șȈȔ ǹȖ ȔȕȖȑ șȖȉȐȘȈȍȚșȧ ȋțȉ-
ȊȖȍȕȒȖȔ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ
— DzȖȋȌȈ ȊȣșȚțȗȐȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌț"
— ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȋ ȕȖȟȤ ș ȚȍȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȖșȓȍȏȈȊȚȘȈ ȘȈȕȖ țȚȘȖȔ
ȗȘȐȉȣȚȤ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ǹȒȈȎȐ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊț ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ
ȗȖ ȗȘȐȉȣȚȐȐ ȧȊȐȓșȧ ȉȣ Ȋ ǻȒȖȔ Ȓ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȦ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȑ ȍȔț Ȋșȍ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖșȚȐ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȍȚ Ȑ ȌȍȓȤȕȣȑ șȖȊȍȚ
ȌȈșȚ
— ǩțȌȍȚ șȌȍȓȈȕȖ
***
 ȟȈșȖȊ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ
ǶȉȡȍȎȐȚȐȍ ȊȖȑșȒ 1 ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȈ ǪǿDz ȠȍȊȍȓȐȚșȧ ȒȈȒ
ȔțȘȈȊȍȑȕȐȒ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȖȓțȟȍȕ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ ȕȈȟȋțȉȟȍȒȈ Ȗ
ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖȔ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ȘȈȑȖȕ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ
ǸȍȉȧȚȈ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȖȊ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ
ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȒȈȒȐȍ ȏȈȌȈȕȐȧ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȚȤ
ǶȕȐ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȔ șȘȍȌȐ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕșȚȊȈ șȊȐȓȈ ȋȕȍȏ-
ȌȖ ȒȖȕȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȧ Ȑ ȗȘȐȓȈȋȈȍȚ Ȋșȍ șȐȓȣ Ȓ ȚȖȔț ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȗȖȘȊȈȚȤ șȖȦȏ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȑ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕ ȕȈȚȘȈȊȐȚȤ Ȑȝ ȌȘțȋ ȕȈ ȌȘț-
ȋȈ

46
ǶȕȐ ȏȕȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȎȍșȚȖȒțȦ ȉȖȘȤȉț ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȗȖȊȍșȚȐ ș
ȖȉȕȈȋȓȍȊȠȍȑ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȡȐȕȖȑ Ȑ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț-ȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ
șȎȐȔȈȦȚ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒȐ
ǯȕȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȟȈșȖȊȣȍ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ ȏȈȡȐȚȕȐȒȐ ȏȈȊȖȍ-
ȊȈȕȐȑ ǶȒȚȧȉȘȧ
ǯȖȘȖȒ Ȑȝ ȋȓȈȏ ȊȍȘȕȈ Ȑȝ ȘțȒȈ
ǶȕȐ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ Ȓ ȉȖȦ
ǶȕȐ ȗȖȉȍȌȧȚ ȐȉȖ ȖȕȐ ȕȍșțȚ ș șȖȉȖȑ ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȚȘț-
ȌȧȡȐȝșȧ
Ǫ ȗȖȓȕȖȔ ȗȖȝȖȌȕȖȔ ȉȖȍȊȖȔ șȕȈȘȧȎȍȕȐȐ șȚȘȖȐȚșȧ ȖȚȘȧȌ
ȕȈ țȓȐȞȍ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȖȉȡȍȎȐȚȐȍȔ
ǷȖȌȝȖȌȐȚ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȇ ȕȍ ȉțȌț ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȊȈȔ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȣ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȖȚșȚȈȐȊȈȚȤ ȏȈȊȖȍȊȈȕȐȧ ǶȒȚȧȉȘȧ
ǵȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȘȈȏ Ȋȣ ȉȐȓȐ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȡȐȕț ȕȈ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ ȜȘȖȕ-
ȚȈȝ ǸȈȏȖȉȤȍȚȍ Ȑ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ǬȘțȋȖȋȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ ȕȍȚ Ǵȣ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȔ
ȗȖȏȊȖȓȐȚȤ ȋȕȖȑȕȣȔ ȉȖȓȧȟȒȈȔ ȘȈȏȢȍȌȈȚȤ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȖȍ ȔȖȡȕȖȍ
ȚȍȓȖ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȘȍșȗțȉȓȐȒȐ ǪȗȍȘȍȌ Ȏȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ǪȗȍȘȍȌ ȊȖ
ȐȔȧ DzȖȔȔțȕȐȏȔȈ ȊȖ ȐȔȧ ȚȖȘȎȍșȚȊȈ ǸȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ
— ǫȖȚȖȊȣ Ȓ ȉȖȦ — ȔȖȡȕȖ ȕȍșȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ
ȖȚȘȧȌȈ
ǿȍȚȒȖ ȉȘȖșȈȍȚ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ șȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ șȓȖȊȈ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȣ
ǶȚȘȧȌ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ Ȑ ȍȡȍ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȌȖȕȖșȐȓȖșȤ ȔȍȘȕȖȍ ȗȖȏȊȧ-
ȒȐȊȈȕȐȍ ȖȘțȎȐȧ Ȑ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȚȖȗȖȚ ȕȖȋ
DZșȎȐȎ ;9
ǮDZdzǻȀ DzȀȅǸ
ǪȖȒȏȈȓ ǵȈȘȖȌț — ȗțȠȒȖȑ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȉȤȍȠȤ ǹȍȘȣȍ ȠȐȕȍȓȐ
ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕșȒȐȍ Țțȓțȗȣ ȒȖȎȈȕȣȍ ȒțȘȚȒȐ ȉȈȉȤȐ ȗȓȈȚȒȐ Ȑ ȗȖ-
ȊȧȏȒȐ
ǩȍșȒȖȕȍȟȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ ȖȉȖȘȊȈȕȕȣȝ ȔȈȓȤȟȐȠȍȒ ȗȘȖ-
ȌȈȦȡȐȝ ȔȈȝȖȘȒț Ȑ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕțȦ șȕȍȌȤ

47
ǮȌțȚ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȖȓțȟȈșȖȊȖȑ
șȚȖȧȕȒȐ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ǸȖșȚȖȊ
ǵȈ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȖȔ ȗțȚȐ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț DzțȘșȒȖȋȖ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ șȚȖȧȚ
ȚȘȐ ȚȍȗȓțȠȒȐ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ș ȜȈȒȍȓȖȔ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȚ ȌȊȈ șȓȍ-
șȈȘȧ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȧȦȡȐȝ ȒȖȓȍșȈ ȖșȐ Ȑ Ȗȉȡȍȍ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ
ǹȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȐȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȖȌȍ-
Țȣȑ Ȋ ȜȖȘȔț ȈȋȍȕȚȈ ȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȑ ǿDz
— ǵț ȒȈȒ ȌȍȓȖ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ" ǰșȗȘȈȊȕȣ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ" Ǩ ȚȖ ȊȍȌȤ ȟȍ-
Șȍȏ ȟȈș ȖȚȘȧȌ ȋȘțȏȐȚȤșȧ ȕȈȟȕȍȚ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȐ ǩȍșȗȖȒȖȐȚȤșȧ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓȐșȤ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ Ȓ ȈȋȍȕȚț — ȔȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ Țȣ ȗȖșȚȖȐȠȤ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȉ Ȕȣ ȌȖ ȉțȜȍȚȈ ȏȈ ȒȐȗȧȚȒȖȔ ȌȖ-
ȉȍȎȐȔ — țȎ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ ȗȖșȓȍ șȍȓȍȌȒȐ Ȋșȍ ȕțȚȘȖ ȋȖȘȐȚ
— dzȈȌȕȖ ǪȈȓȧȑȚȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȣșȚȘȍȑ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȑȚȍșȤ Ȉ ȚȖ
Ȕȕȍ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ
ǹȓȍșȈȘȐ ȉȍȋȖȔ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȔȍȚȕțȓȐșȤ
DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȕȐ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȑȏ ȋȓȈȏ ȈȋȍȕȚ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ȖȋȓȧȌȍȊȠȐșȤ ȒȘțȋȖȔ Ȋȣȕțȓ Ȑȏ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȧ șȊȍȘȚȖȒ ȗȖȝȖȎȐȑ
ȕȈ ȒȖȘȖȉȒț ȒȖȕȜȍȚ — ȌȈȎȍ ȓȍȕȚȖȟȒȖȑ ȘȖȏȖȊȖȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȈȕ-
ȕȣȑ — Ȑ ȕȣȘȕțȓ ȗȖȌ șȘȍȌȕȐȑ ȊȈȋȖȕ ǷȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȓȍȋȒȐȑ
șȚțȒ Ȑ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ șȗțșȚȧ ȈȋȍȕȚ ȊȣȉȘȈȓșȧ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ ȊȖȏ-
ȓȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȘȖȋțȓȐȊȈȚȤșȧ ȊȏȈȌ Ȑ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ
ǪȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ ȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȍ ȏȈ ȒȐȗȧȚȒȖȔ
— Ǵȕȍ ȗȖȘȈ ȐȌȚȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ǪȖȚ țȎȍ Ȑ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȔȖșȒȖȊ-
șȒȐȑ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ
ǴȐȕțȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȖȚȞȍȗȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȖȚ șȖșȚȈȊȈ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏ
șȚȈȓ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȊȈȋȖȕȈȔ ǷȘȐȞȍȗȒȈ ȗȘȖȠȓȈ ȉȍȏ ȏȈȔȐȕ-
ȒȐ Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ ȗȖșȚțȒȐȊȈȧ Ȑ șȒȘȐȗȧ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓȐșȤ
Ȓ ȖȎȐȌȈȊȠȍȔț Ȑȝ șȖșȚȈȊț.
ǹȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȈșȤ ȗȖșȈȌȒȈ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȗȘȖȠȍȌȠȈȧ șȗȖ-
ȒȖȑȕȖ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȖ ȕȖȚȈȔ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȗȖșȈȌȒȐ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȏȈȕȧȓșȧ șȊȖȐȔ ȌȍȓȖȔ ȖȌȕȐ ȏȈ-
ȒțșȣȊȈȓȐ Ȑ ȗȐȓȐ ȟȈȑ ȌȘțȋȐȍ ȓȍȋȓȐ ȖȚȌȖȝȕțȚȤ ȚȘȍȚȤȐ șȖ-
ȉȘȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȒȘțȎȖȒ ȏȈȕȧȓȐșȤ ȗȍȕȐȍȔ
ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ șȚȖȧȓ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ Ȑ ȘȈșșȍȧȕȕȖ ȘȈȏȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȓ
ȘȈȏȕȖȠȍȘșȚȕțȦ ȚȖȓȗț
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ — țșȓȣȠȈȓ Ȗȕ ȌȍȚșȒȐȑ ȋȖȓȖș

48
ǶșȔȖȚȘȍȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȔȈȓȤȟȐȠȒț ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȗȖ-
ȟȚȐ Ȋșȧ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ Ȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȈȒȘȖȉȈȚȐȟȍșȒțȦ
ȗȖȌȊȐȎȕȖșȚȤ ȗȘȖȏȊȈȓȐ ǫȘȐȠȒȈ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ
ȅȚȖȚ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȐȍȔȣȠȍȔ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȈ ȎȐȊȧ ȊȔȍ-
șȚȍ ș ȕȐȔ ǶȚȒțȌȈ Ȗȕ ȧȊȐȓșȧ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȕȐȒȚȖ
ǵȈȠȍȓ ȍȋȖ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȖȌȕȈȎȌȣ țȚȘȖȔ șȗȧȡȐȔ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȗȖ-
ȘȖȋȈ ȖȉȡȍȎȐȚȐȧ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȈ ǩȣȓ Ȗȕ ȖȉȖȘȊȈȕ ȌȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ
șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȋȖȓȖȌȍȕ ȋȘȧȏȍȕ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȕȈȒȖȘȔȐȓ ȗȖȖȉȟȐșȚȐȓ
ȍȋȖ Ȑ ȚțȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ șȚȖȐȚ ȔȈȓȤȟȐȒ ȓȍȚ
ȊȖșȤȔȐ ș ȎȐȊȣȔȐ ȋȓȈȏȍȕȒȈȔȐ ȝțȌȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȉȍȓȖȒțȘȣȑ
— DzȈȒ ȏȊȈȚȤ-ȚȖ Țȍȉȧ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ
— ǫȘȐȠȒȈ
— ǸȖȌȐȚȍȓȐ ȗȖȔȍȘȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ"
— ǴȈȔȈ ȗȖȔȍȘȓȈ Ȉ ȉȈȚȤȒț ȒȈȓȔȣȒȐ Ȋ ǾȈȘȐȞȣȕȍ ȏȈȘț-
ȉȐȓȐ Ȗȕ ș ȒȘȈșȕȣȔȐ ȉȣȓ
—ǵțȈȚȣșȒȍȔ"
— ǺȖȎȍ ș ȒȘȈșȕȣȔȐ ǪȖȚ ȊȣȘȈșȚț — ȧ ȐȔ ȊșȍȔ ȏȈ ȉȈȚȤȒț
ȖȚȗȓȈȟț ȎȐȊȖȌȍȘȈȔ
ǰ șȚȈȓ ș ȥȚȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ǫȘȐȠȒȈ ȘȈȊȕȖȗȘȈȊȕȣȔ ȟȓȍȕȖȔ
ȌȘțȎȕȖȑ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȕȖȑ șȍȔȤȐ
ǪȖȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ-ȚȖ ǫȘȐȠȒț Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ Ȍȓȧ
șȍȉȧ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ
— ǯȈȟȍȔ Țȣ ȏȌȍșȤ"
— Ǩ ȒȈȒ Ȏȍ Ȋȣ ȉȍȏ Ȕȍȕȧ ȚȖ ȗȖȍȌȍȚȍ? ǯȈ ȟȈȍȔ-ȚȖ ȒȚȖ Ȏȍ
ȉțȌȍȚ ȉȍȋȈȚȤ" ǪȐȕȚȖȊȒȐ-ȚȖ ȒȚȖ ȗȖȟȐșȚȐȚ" ǵȍȚ ȉȍȏ Ȕȍȕȧ ȊȈȔ
ȕȍ ȖȉȖȑȚȐșȤ ǵȍȝȖȘȖȠȖ Ȋȣ șȌȍȓȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍ ȘȈȏȉțȌȐ-
ȓȐ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȠȓȐ ȕȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȦ ǭȡȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȦȚșȧ
— ǹȓȣȠȐȠȤ ǫȘȐȠȒȈ ȉȍȋȐ-ȒȈ Țȣ Ȋ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕ ȌȈ ȓȖȎȐșȤ
șȗȈȚȤ
— ǵȍȚ țȎ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ Țȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȌȖȔȖȑ ȕȍ
ȗȘȖȋȖȕȐȠȤ ǭșȓȐ ȌȖȉȘȖȔ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȤȔȍȚȍ ȚȈȒ ȧ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȔ
ȐȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ țȍȌț
— ǵț ȓȈȌȕȖ ȓȍȏȤ Ȋ șȘȍȌȕȐȑ ȊȈȋȖȕ — ȍȎȍȓȐ Țȍȉȧ ȚțȌȈ ȗț-
șȚȧȚ
— Ǵȍȕȧ-ȚȖ" ǬȈ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȟțȎȖȑ ȐȔ, ȟȚȖ ȓȐ" ǷțșȚȧȚ țȎ Țȣ
ȕȍ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȧ
ǵȍ țșȗȍȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ Ȑ ȋȓȈȏȖȔ ȔȖȘȋȕțȚȤ ȒȈȒ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ Ȋȓȍ-
Țȍȓ ȔȧȟȐȒȖȔ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕ

— ǹȔȖȚȘȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ Ȑ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȍ ȖȚșȚȈȍȚ Ǩȑ ȌȈ
ȗȈȘȍȕȤ ǵț ȓȍȏȤ șȦȌȈ ȊȖȚ ȒȖȕșȍȘȊȣ ȝȓȍȉ — șȍȑȟȈș ȒȐȗȧȚȖȒ
ȗȘȐȕȍșțȚ ǪȈȓȧȑ ȊȖȊșȦ ǬȈ șȔȖȚȘȐ, ȕȍ ȖȉȢȍȠȤșȧ Ǫ ȗȖȝȖȌȍ
ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚșȧ.

ǸǼǾǼǯǸǮ ǿ ǸǼǻȂdzȀǮǺǶ

51
DZșȎȐȎ ;9,
ǸǼǾǼǯǸǮ ǿ ǸǼǻȂdzȀǮǺǶ
DzȘȐȒȕțȓ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏ ǬȘȖȋȕțȓȐ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȚȐȝȖ Ȉ ȏȈ-
ȚȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȉȣșȚȘȍȑ Ȑ ȉȣșȚȘȍȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȖȕȕȣȍ ȖȋȕȐ șȚȈȓȐ țȉȍ-
ȋȈȚȤ ȖȚ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ
ǪȖȚ țȎȍ ȗȘȖȍȝȈȓȐ ȌȊȈ ȔȖșȚȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȘȍȒț ǫȘȈȟȍȊȒț ȔȐȕȖ-
ȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȏȢȍȏȌ ǷȘȐȌȈȟȕȖȍ Ȑ ȟȈșȈȔ Ȓ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȕȖȟȐ ȉȣȓȐ
ȕȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǬȈȊȣȌȖȊșȒȈȧ ȋȌȍ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȐșȤ ȖȎȐ-
ȌȈȧ ȊșȚȘȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȊȣȑȚȐ ș ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ dzȐșȒȐ
ǷȖȍȏȌ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ ǰȏȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ ȗȖȊȣȓȍȏȓȐ ȗȈșșȈ-
ȎȐȘȣ ȘȈȏȔȧȚȤ ȏȈȚȍȒȠȐȍ ȕȖȋȐ — ȍȝȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȐȕșȚȊȍ șȓțȟȈȍȊ șȚȖȧ
ǪȣȠȍȓ ȒȖȍ-ȒȚȖ Ȑ Ȑȏ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ Ȉ ș ȕȐȔȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȕțȊȠȐȑșȧ
DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ ǵȈ ȊȚȖȘȖȔ ȗțȚȐ șȚȖȧȓ ȗȖȍȏȌ ș ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑȞȈȔȐ
ȗȍȘȍȉȘȈșȣȊȈȍȔȣȔȐ Ȋ ȘȈȑȖȕ DzȐȍȊȈ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȤ ȗȍȘȍȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ Țț șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ șȖșȚȈȊ
ȉȣȓ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȌȓȐȕȕȣȑ ȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ȌțȔȈȧ ȗȖȓȍȏ ȗȖȌ ȊȈ-
ȋȖȕ ǵȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ Ȑ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȒȈȒ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ
ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖș
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ǺțȚ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȔ Ȋ ȒȖȘȖȉȒȍ ȊȘȖȌȍ
ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȟȈșȣ șȚțȟȈȚ
— DzȈȒȐȍ ȚȈȔ ȟȈșȣ ȗȖȟțȌȐȓȖșȤ Țȍȉȍ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ" ǪȣȓȈȏȤ-ȒȈ
Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ Ȉ ȚȖ ȚȘȖȕȍȚșȧ ȗȖȍȏȌ Ȑ ȘȈȏȌȈȊȐȚ Țȍȉȧ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ
Țȣ Ȑ ȟȐȝȕțȚȤ ȕȍ țșȗȍȍȠȤ
— ǭȑ-ȉȖȋț șȚțȟȈȚ ǹȖȊșȍȔ ȧȊșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ǬȈ Țȣ ȓȍȏȤ șȦȌȈ —
șȈȔ țȊȐȌȐȠȤ
ǯȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȗȖȓȍȏ ȗȖȌ ȊȈ-
ȋȖȕ Ȑ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȗȘȐȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȕțȦ Ȓ ȗȖȓț ȊȈȋȖȕȈ
ȗȘȖȌȖȓȋȖȊȈȚțȦ ȒȖȘȖȉȒț Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ șȓȣȠȈȓȖșȤ ȚȐȒȈȕȤȍ
ȗȖȝȖȎȍȍ ȕȈ ȏȊțȒȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚ ȉțȌȐȓȤȕȐȒ
— ǺȐȝȖȕȖȊ — ȗȖȏȊȈȓ Ȗȕ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖȚȍȝȕȐȒȈ
Ȑ ȗȖȌȘȣȊȕȐȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȍȝȈȓ ș ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ — ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ ȟȚȖ
ȥȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȘȐșȚȘȖȍȕȖ

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ǵȍ ȏȈșȚȈȊȓȧȧ șȍȉȧ ȗȘȖșȐȚȤ ǺȐȝȖȕȖȊ ȏȈȓȍȏ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕ Ȑ
țȊȐȌȍȊ ȧȡȐȟȍȒ ȔȖȓȟȈ șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȍȕȕȖ Ȑ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȚȈȓ
ȖȚȊȐȕȟȐȊȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȖȚ ȌȖșȖȒ ȗȖȓȈ
— ǵȍ ȓȍȏȤ — ȉȘȖșȐȓ Ȗȕ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊț ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȉȣȓȖ
ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȒȖȘȖȉȒț — ǪȣȓȍȏȈȑȚȍ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȌȈ ȕȍ ȚȖȓ-
ȒȈȑȚȍ Ȕȍȕȧ
ǪȣȓȍȏȓȐ ǺȐȝȖȕȖȊ ȗȘȐșȓțȠȐȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȚȐȒȈȕȤȦ Ȋ ȒȖȘȖȉ-
Ȓȍ
— ǺȈȒ Ȑ ȍșȚȤ — ȉȘȖșȈȍȚ Ȗȕ
— ǬȈ șȒȈȎȍȠȤ Țȣ ȟȍȘȚ Țȍȉȧ ȏȈȌȍȘȐ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȈ ȏȈ ȒȖȘȖȉȒȈ"
— ǨȌșȒȈȧ ȔȈȠȐȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȌȍȑșȚȊțȍȚ ȒȈȒ ȟȈșȖȊȖȑ Ȕȍ-
ȝȈȕȐȏȔ
ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȕȍȌȖȊȍȘȟȐȊȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȕȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȊȠȍȋȖ
— DzȈȒ ȚȈȒ ȈȌșȒȈȧ ȔȈȠȐȕȈ" ǿȍȘȚȐ, ȟȚȖ ȓȐ, ȕȈȔ ȍȍ Ȋ ȏț-
ȉȈȝ ȗȘȐȕȍșȓȐ"
— Ǩ ȊȖȚ șȍȑȟȈș țȏȕȈȍȔ ȒȈȒȈȧ — Ȑ ș ȥȚȐȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ ǺȐ-
ȝȖȕȖȊ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȚȈȓ ȊșȒȘȣȊȈȚȤ ȧȡȐȒ
ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȊȠȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȍȋȖ ȗȓȍȟȖ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȊȕțȚȘȐ
șȚȍȒȓȧȕȕțȦ ȚȘțȉȖȟȒț ȕȈȗȖȓȕȍȕȕțȦ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȎȍȓȚȖȊȈȚȖȑ
ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȤȦ ǺȘțȉȖȟȒȈ ȥȚȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȈ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȕȈȌ
țȋȓțȉȓȍȕȐȍȔ ș ȕȍȊȣșȖȒȐȔȐ șȚȍȕȒȈȔȐ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓșȧ
ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȗȖȘȖȠȖȒ ǵȈȌ ȚȘțȉȖȟȒȖȑ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓșȧ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ
ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȔȖȓȖȚȖȟȍȒ șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȑ ș șȐșȚȍȔȖȑ ȏțȉȟȈ-
Țȣȝ ȒȖȓȍșȐȒȖȊ țȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȈȓȤȕȖȔ șȚȍȘȎȕȍ.
ǪȐȌ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȉȖȘȈ ȉȣȓ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ șȚȘȈȠȍȕ Ȑ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȕȍȌȖ-
țȔȍȊȈȓ ȟȍȋȖ ȥȚȖ ȚȈȒ ȊȖȓȕțȍȚșȧ ǺȐȝȖȕȖȊ Ǩ ȚȖȚ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȧ
șȊȖȦ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȖȚȖȋȕțȓ ȖȌȕț ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕț ȏȈȎȐȔȈ ȌȍȘȎȈȡȍȋȖ
ȚȘțȉȖȟȒț Ȋȣȕțȓ ȍȍ Ȑȏ ȒȖȘȖȉȒȐ Ȑ ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȕȖ ȊȏȌȖȝȕțȓ
— ǵț ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȕȍ șȚȘȈȠȕȖ
— ǬȈ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȍȠȤ Țȣ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȚțȚ ȌȍȓȖ" ǿȚȖ Țȣ
ȗȘȖ șȍȉȧ ȊȖȘȟȐȠȤ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȒȖȓȌțȍȠȤ"
— dzȈȌȕȖ ǹȍȑȟȈș ȖȉȢȧșȕȦ ǷȖȘȖȠȖȒ ȥȚȖȚ — ȖȟȍȕȤ șȐȓȤ-
ȕȖȍ ȊȏȘȣȊȟȈȚȖȍ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊȖ Ǫ ȚȘțȉȖȟȒȍ ȕȈȓȐȚ ȖșȖȉȣȑ șȖșȚȈȊ
ǴȖȓȖȚȖȟȍȒ Țȣ ȥȚȖ șȈȔ ȊȐȌȐȠȤ șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕ ș ȒȖȓȍșȐȒȈȔȐ șȚȈȓȤ-
ȕȖȑ ȗȘțȎȐȕȒȖȑ DzȖȓȍșȐȒȐ ȥȚȐ ȏȈȊȖȌȧȚșȧ ȒȈȒ ȟȈșȣ Ȑ ȘȈȏȋȐ-
ȉȈȧ ȗȘțȎȐȕȒȐ ȗȍȘȍȌȊȐȋȈȦȚ ȔȖȓȖȚȖȟȍȒ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȧ ȍȋȖ Ȓ
ȚȘțȉȖȟȒȍ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȔȍȎțȚȖȒ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȔȖȓȖ-
ȚȖȟȍȒ ȌȊȐȋȈȦȡȐȑșȧ șȒȈȟȒȈȔȐ ȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȘȈȏ-

53
ȉȐȚȤ ȚȘțȉȖȟȒț ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȤ ȗȖȗȈȓȈ ȉȣ ȕȈ ȗȖȘȖȠȖȒ Ȑ ȗȘȖȐȏȖ-
Ƞȍȓ ȉȣ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȊȏȘȣȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȐȓ ȉȣ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕțȦ
ȟȈșȚȤ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ șȖșȚȈȊȈ ǷȖȕȧȓ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȐȋȘțȠȒȖȑ ȝȖȚȍ-
ȓȐ țȋȖșȚȐȚȤ ȕȈș" ǪȣȝȖȌȐȚ ȟȚȖ ȕȈș ȎȌȈȓȐ Ȑ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȐ ȕȈȔ
©ȝȖȘȖȠțȦ ȊșȚȘȍȟțª
— DzȖȋȌȈ Ȏȍ ȕȈȔ ȍȍ ȗȖȌșțȕțȓȐ"
— ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȟȚȖ
ȊȖȊȘȍȔȧ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ǴȖȓȖȌȍȞ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ Dz ȖȘȌȍȕț Țȍȉȧ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȈȌȖ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȖȚȘȧȌ țȏȕȈȓ ȖȚ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȉȍȌȣ Ȑȝ șȗȈș DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ ȍȔț
ȚȈȒȖȍ ȟȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȍ ș ȒȈȟȈȕȐȍȔ țșȚȘȖȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ, ȒȈȒ ȔȧȟȐȒ,
ȊȊȍȘȝ ȓȍȚȈȓ Ǩ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ șȚȈȓ ȚȖ ȗȍȘȊȣȔ
ȌȍȓȖȔ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕ ȗȖȓȍȏ
— Ǻȣ ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ ȥȚȖ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȏȈ ȈȌșȒȖȑ ȔȈȠȐȕȖȑ ȗȖȓȍȏ"
— ǵȍȚ ȎȐȊȖȚ ȉȖȓȐȚ
DZșȎȐȎ ;9,,
ǻǼȅǻǮȍ ǿȃǰǮȀǸǮ
ǷȘȐȠȍȓ ȗȖȍȏȌ Ȑȏ dzȐșȖȒ ǷȖȘȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȎȐȌȈȊȠȍȔț șȖș-
ȚȈȊț ȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ
ǷȍȘȍȌ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȒȖȑ ȉȣȓȐ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȕȣ Ȋșȍ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ ǵȐȟȍȋȖ
ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȕȐȋȌȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȑȌȍȕȖ ǷȘȖȘȍȏȈȧ ȕȖȟȕțȦ
Ȕȋȓț ȔȍȘȕȖ ȗȖșȚțȒȐȊȈȧ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ
ǬȈȊȣȌȖȊșȒȈȧ șȒȘȣȓȈșȤ Ȑȏ ȊȐȌț
ǪȌȖȓȤ ȓȐȕȐȐ Țȧȕțȓșȧ ȋțșȚȖȑ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒ ǵȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ Ȑ
ȌȍșȧȚȐ ȔȐȕțȚ ȒȈȒ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȈ ȘȈȏȌȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖ ȗȖ-
ȍȏȌț ȟȈșȚȣȍ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȣ ǶȚȘȧȌ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȈȓȤȕȖ șȚȈȓ ©ȗȖȌ ȊȐȕ-
ȚȖȊȒțª Ȑ ȌȘțȎȕȖ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ȕȍȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒț
ǴȈȠȐȕȐșȚ ȗȘȐȉȈȊȐȓ ȝȖȌ ǵȈ ȒȘțȚȖȔ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȍ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ
șȐȓȤȕȖ ȒȈȟȕțȓȖ

— ǫȘȐȠȒȈ țȗȈȓ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ Ȑ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍ ȖȚȌȈȊȈȧ
șȍȉȍ ȖȚȟȍȚȈ ȘȍȏȒȖ ȌȍȘȕțȓ ȏȈ șȐȋȕȈȓȤȕțȦ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ǷȘȖȉȍȎȈȊ
ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȍȏȌ șȚȈȓ ǪȣșȚȘȍȓȣ Ȑ ș ȚȖȑ Ȑ ș ȌȘțȋȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ
țșȐȓȐȓȐșȤ ǪȣȌȊȐȕțȓȐ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚ Ȑ șȊȐȕȞȖȊȣȑ ȌȖȎȌȤ ȗȘȖ-
ȕȍșșȧ ȗȖ ȒțșȚȈȔ
— ȇ șȍȑȟȈș ȘȍȉȧȚȈ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ Ȑ șȝȊȈȚȐȊȠȐ
ȒȈȘȈȉȐȕ ȕȣȘȕțȓ ȗȖȌ ȗȖȍȏȌ
ǹȚȘȍȓȧȊȠȐȍ Ȑȏ ȒțșȚȖȊ ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȊȠȍ-
ȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȔȖȓȒȕțȊ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚȕȖȑ ©ȏȈȒț-
șȒȐª șȕȖȊȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ șȚȘȍȓȤȉț ȞȍȓȧșȤ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕ
— ǫȘȐȠȒȈ ȗȖȓȏȐ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ ǬȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ
— ǹȓȣȠț
ǹȒȖȘȖ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ țȊȐȌȍȓ ǫȘȐȠȒț ȗȖȓȏțȡȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȎȐȊȖȚȍ
ȊȌȖȓȤ ȓȐȕȐȐ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ
— dzȍȏȤ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕ
— ǬȈ ȕȍ șȗȍȠȐ Țȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ǹȒȈȏȈȓ ȓȍȏț —
ȏȕȈȟȐȚ ȓȍȏț
— ǸȍȉȧȚȈ Ȉ ȕț-ȒȈ, ȕȈȎȔȐ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏȖȒ Ȑȏ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚȈ ȒȈȒ
Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȊȣȓȍȏȈȚȤ ȉțȌț
ǷțȓȍȔȍȚ ȉȍȠȍȕȖ ȏȈȚȧȊȒȈȓ ȒțșȚȣ șȔȖȓȒȓȐ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ șȝȊȈ-
ȚȐȓ ǫȘȐȠȒț Ȋȣȓȍȏ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȍȕȤȒȈȝ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ
ȊȣȗȘȧȔȐȓșȧ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȊ ǫȘȐȠȒț ȊȕțȚȘȤ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ șȝȊȈȚȐȓșȧ ȏȈ
ȗȘȖȚȧȕțȚȣȍ ȍȔț ȘțȒȐ ȊȗȘȣȋȕțȓ șȈȔ ǹȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȒțșȚȖȊ
șȚțȒȕțȓȖ ȍȡȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȖȊ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
ȟȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ țȌȈȘȐȓȖ ȗȖ ȓȍȊȖȑ ȘțȒȍ
ǷȖȍȏȌ ȗȖȌ ȈȒȒȖȔȗȈȕȍȔȍȕȚ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȖȊ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ
ǪȖȒȘțȋ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ șȚȖȓȗȐȓȐșȤ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ Ȑ ȘȈșȗȖȘȖȊ ȍȔț ȘțȒȈȊ
țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȟțȚȤ ȗȖȕȐȎȍ ȗȓȍȟȈ ȔȧȒȖȚȤ ȘțȒȐ ȗȘȖșȚȘȍȓȍȕȈ
ȕȈșȒȊȖȏȤ
ǸȈȕț ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȈȓ ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ Ȑ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ țȓȖȎȐȓȐ ȕȈ ȕȈȘȣ,
ȗȖȌȖșȚȓȈȊ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȠȐȕȍȓȍȑ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ ȗȖȔȍșȚȐȓșȧ ȖȒȖȓȖ
ȍȋȖ ȕȖȋ Ȑ ȊȐȕȖȊȈȚȖ șȔȖȚȘȧ șȗȘȖșȐȓ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȖȟȍȕȤ Țȍȉȍ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ" ȇ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȍ ȕȈ-
ȘȖȟȕȖ țȗȈȓ ǺȘȧȝȕțȓȖ țȎ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȧ Ȑ ȕȍ țȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ
— dzȖȎȐșȤ-ȒȈ Țȣ șȗȈȚȤ ǫȘȐȠȈ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ —
ǻȚȘȖȔ Țȣ Ȕȕȍ Ȋșȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȍȠȤ
***

55
ǪȖȚ Ȑ dzȐșȒȐ ǹȚȈȕȞȐȧ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȗȖȚȘȍȗȈȕȈ Ȋ ȗȍȘȐȖȌ ȉȖȍȊ
ȠȍȌȠȐȝ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ȕȍȍ ȗȘȐ ȀȒțȘȖ-ǴȈȔȖȕȚȖȊșȒȖȔ ȕȈȓȍȚȍ ǷȖ-
ȟȚȐ Ȋșȍ ȗțȚȐ ȏȈȉȐȚȣ șȖșȚȈȊȈȔȐ ȗȖȍȏȌȖȊ Ǫ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȐ ȊȖȒ-
ȏȈȓȈ ȗȘȖȑȚȐ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȏȈȕȧȚȖ ȗȈșșȈȎȐȘȈȔȐ
Ȋșȍȝ ȊȐȌȖȊ ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑȞȈȔȐ
ǹȚȖȧȚȤ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ǷȘȐȔȍȘȕȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȗȖȍȏȌ
ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ Ȑ Ȓ țȚȘț țȎȍ ȉȣȓ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȗțȚȐ ȖȚ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊ-
șȒȈǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ șȖȊșȍȔ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȣȔ ǷȍȘȍȔȍȕȐȓ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȊȧȏȒț ȏȈȓȐȊȠȐ ȘȈȕț ȑȖȌȖȔ ǩȖȓȐ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȔȖȋ
șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȕȖȋȈȝ
ǷȖșȓȍ șȓțȟȈȧ ț șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǬȈȊȣȌȖȊșȒȖȑ ȊȍșȤ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȉȣȓ
ȗȘȍȊȘȈȡȍȕ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȗȖȓȕțȦ ȉȖȍȊțȦ ȋȖȚȖȊȕȖșȚȤ
ǷȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȦ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȗȘȐȕȧȓ ȖȝȘȈȕț
ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ȕȈ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏȕȖȔ ȚȍȕȌȍȘȍ ȉȣȓ ȗȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚ ǻ
Ȋșȍȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖȍ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȍ
DZșȎȐȎ ;9,,,
DzdzDz ǿ ǺdzȆǸǼǺ
ǪȖȚ Ȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȧ ǯȈȋȖȘȕȖȍ ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȓ ȟȚȖ
ȗȖȍȏȌ ȗȘȖșȚȖȐȚ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȗȧȚȐ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȐȓ ȍȌțȡȐȝ ȕȍ
țȝȖȌȐȚȤ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ Ȉ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ — țșȓȣȠȈȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ șȐȌȧȡȐȑ,
șȊȍșȐȊ ȕȖȋȐ, ț ȊȝȖȌȈ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕ ǶȉȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓ șȚȈȘȐȒȈ ș
ȒȈȒȐȔ-ȚȖ ȔȍȠȒȖȔ ȕȈ șȗȐȕȍ ǹȚȈȘȐȒ șȖȋȕțȓșȧ ȗȖȌ ȚȧȎȍșȚȤȦ
Ȑ ș ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȐȓ ȌȣȝȈȕȐȍ
— Ǻȣ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȌțȠȒȈ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ
— ǷȍȘȍȊȍȏȐȚȍ Ȋȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȋȖȓțȉȟȐȒȐ ȇ ȝȖȚȤ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ
ȗȖȌȖȎȌț DzțȌȈ ȕȐ ȗȘȖșȐȓșȧ — ȕȍ ȗțșȒȈȦȚ ǰ ȍȝȈȚȤ-ȚȖ Ȕȕȍ ȕȍ-
ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȊșȍȋȖ ȌȊȈ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈ
ǹȚȈȘȐȒ ȉȣȓ ȌȖ ȚȖȋȖ ȎȈȓȖȒ ȟȚȖ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȌț-
ȔȈȊ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȐȓ ȍȔț țșȚȘȖȐȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȚȘȍȝ

56
ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȝ ȏȈ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏȖȔ DzȘȧȝȚȧ Ȑ ȒȈȠȓȧȧ șȚȈ-
ȘȐȒ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȚȤ ȔȍȠȖȒ ȕȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ
— ǸȍȉȧȚȈ ȗȖȔȖȋȐȚȍ ȌȍȌț ȔȍȠȖȒ ȊȚȈȡȐȚȤ Ȉ ȚȖ ț Ȕȍȕȧ
ȘțȒȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȍȚ — ȉȘȖșȐȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕ
ǴȍȠȖȒ ȉȣȓ ȊȚȈȡȍȕ Ȑ ȏȈȉȘȈȊȠȐȑșȧ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒț șȚȈȘȐȒ,
ȒȘȍșȚȧșȤ Ȑ ȎȍȓȈȧ ȊșȧȒȖȋȖ ȌȖȉȘȈ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȊȠȍȔț țșȍȓșȧ ȕȈ
ȕȍ-ȋȖ
ǹȊȐșȚȖȒ ǷȖȍȏȌ ȚȘȖȕțȓșȧ ǷȖȓȖȚȕȖ ȠȓȖ Ȋ ȋȖȘț Ǫ ȊȈȋȖ-
ȕȈȝ ȠȓȖ ȖȉșțȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȕȖȟȕȣȝ șȖȉȣȚȐȑ ǹȓțȟȈȑ ș ȈȌșȒȖȑ ȔȈ-
ȠȐȕȖȑ Ȑ ȗȘȖȠȍȌȠȈȧ ȗȍȘȍșȚȘȍȓȒȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ
ȧșȕȖ ȟȚȖ șȖșȚȈȊȖȔ ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșțȍȚșȧ șȓȖȊ-
ȕȖ ȏȕȈȧ ȒȚȖ Ȑ ȒțȌȈ Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȍȌȍȚ
ǵȖ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȍȍ ȕȐȟțȚȤ ȕȍ șȔțȡȈȓȖ ȘȍȉȧȚ Ȑȏ ȖȚȘȧ-
ȌȈ ǶȕȐ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȓȐ Ȓ ȒȐȗțȟȍȑ ȜȘȖȕȚȖȊȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȓȐ
Ȓ ȖȉșȚȘȍȓȈȔ Ȑ șȚȣȟȒȈȔ
ǬȈ Ȑ ȗȖȋȖȌȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȚȈȒȈȧ ȟȚȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ ȘȈșȗȖȓȈȋȈȓȈ Ȓ
ȌțȘȕȣȔ ȔȣșȓȧȔ ǩȣȓȖ șȖȓȕȍȟȕȖ Ȑ ȗȘȖȝȓȈȌȕȣȑ ȊȍȚȍȘȖȒ
ȗȘȐȕȖșȧȡȐȑ ș șȖȉȖȑ ȈȘȖȔȈȚ ȖșȍȕȐ ȊȘȣȊȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȍ
ȌȊȍȘȐ Ȑ ȖȒȕȈ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ ȖșȊȍȎȈȧ ȓȐȞȈ ȗȈșșȈȎȐȘȖȊ
DzȘțȋȖȔ ȘȈșșȚȐȓȈȓȐșȤ ȒȈȏȈȊȠȐȍșȧ ȉȍșȒȖȕȍȟȕȣȔȐ șȚȍȗȐ
ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȍȡȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ țȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȖșȍȕȕȐȍ ȞȊȍȚȣ.
ǷȖȍȏȌ ȗȘȖȉȍȋȈȓ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȍ ȔȖșȚȐȒȐ ȗȍȘȍȒȐȕț-
Țȣȍ ȟȍȘȍȏ șȚȍȗȕȣȍ ȘțȟȤȐ Ȑ ȘȍȟȒȐ ǪȘȍȔȍȕȈȔȐ ȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ ȉȍ-
ȓȣȍ șȍȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȐȚȈȐȊȠȐȍșȧ Ȋ ȏȍȓȍȕȐ șȈȌȖȊ
Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȈȒ ȔȐȘȕȖ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ǰ ȊȌȘțȋ ȘȍȏȒȐȑ ȚȖȓȟȖȒ
— Ȑ ȊȍșȤ șȖșȚȈȊ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ȗȖȕȍșșȧ Ȋ ȖȉȘȈȚȕțȦ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȉ ȗȈȘȖ-
ȊȖȏ ȗȖȟȚȖȊȣȑ ȊȈȋȖȕ Ȑ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȉȣȓȈ
ȟȈșȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓȐ ȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ǹȖșȚȈȊ ȐȌȧ ȗȖȌ
ȋȖȘț ȘȈȏȊȐȊȈȓ ȉȍȠȍȕțȦ șȒȖȘȖșȚȤ ǪȈȋȖȕȣ ȊȏȌȘȈȋȐȊȈȓȐ Ȑ
ȒȈȒ ȏȈȒțșȐȊȠȈȧ țȌȐȓȈ ȓȖȠȈȌȤ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȈ ȖȌȕȖȔ Ȑȏ
ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȖȊ șȖȘȊȈȚȤșȧ ș ȘȍȓȤș
ǴȍȠȖȟȕȐȒȐ ȖȉȍȏțȔȍȊ ȖȚ șȚȘȈȝȈ ȉȘȖșȈȓȐ șȊȖȐ ȔȍȠȒȐ Ȑ
șȖșȒȈȒȐȊȈȓȐ șȈȔȐ
— ǿȚȖ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ" ǹȖșȒȈȒȐȊȈȚȤ ȐȓȐ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȒȖȋ-
ȌȈ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȗȖȓȍȚȐȚ ȗȖȌ ȖȚȒȖș" ǷȖȔȖȡȐ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȕȍȖȚȒțȌȈ ȥȚȖ
Ȋȣ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȍȚȍ șȈȔȐ — șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧșȤ
Ȓ ȖȚȘȧȌț

57
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȌȈȑ ȧ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠț Ȋȓȍȏț Ȑ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȦ
ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏ ȕȈș ȌȖȋȖȕȐȚ — șȒȈȏȈȓ DzȖȏȓȍȕȖȒ
— DzȈȒ Ȏȍ Țȣ ȕȈ ȚȈȒȖȔ ȝȖȌț ȗȖȓȍȏȍȠȤ ȌțȘȈȟȖȒ ǹȐȌȐ-ȒȈ
ȏȌȍșȤ ǵȈ ȒȘȣȠț ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȓȍȏȚȤ ȕȈȌȖ ȕȖ ȗȖȓȍȏȍȚ ȒȚȖ-
ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǩțȟȕȍȊ ȊȍȌȤ Țȣ Ȋ ȞȐȘȒȍ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ
ȈȒȘȖȉȈȚȖȔ șȓțȎȐȓ — ȕț-ȒȈ, ȗȖȒȈȎȐ șȊȖȍ ȐșȒțșșȚȊȖ
ǩțȟȕȍȊ ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȋȐȉȒȐȑ ȔȈȓȣȑ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȧ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ
șȉȘȖșȐȓ șȈȗȖȋȐ Ȑ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈȔ
— Ǩ ȕț ȒȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȖȌșȈȌȐȚȍ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠț — țȝȊȈ-
ȚȐȚȤșȧ
ǹȝȊȈȚȐȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈ ȒȘȣȠț Ȗȕ ȘȍȏȒȐȔ ȉȘȖșȒȖȔ ȏȈȒȐȕțȓ ȊȊȍȘȝ
ȕȖȋȐ Ȑ Ȑșȟȍȏ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ
ǹȒȖȘȖ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖș
— ǷȈȘȖȊȖȏ ȋȖȕȐȚșȧ ȏȈ ȕȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȉțȜȍȘȈȝ șȐȌȧȚ ȌȊȖȍ Ȑ ȋȖ-
ȚȖȊȧȚșȧ ȏȈȞȍȗȐȚȤ ȕȈș ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȌȖȑȌțȚ ȊȗȓȖȚȕțȦ ȇ șȗț-
ȡțșȤ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒț ȌȈ ȒșȚȈȚȐ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȦ ȕȍ țȔȍȘ ȓȐ ȕȈȠ
ȌȍȌ ȖȚ șȚȘȈȝȈ
ǹȖșȚȈȊ ȗȘȖȕȍșșȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȏȈȒȘțȋȓȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȚțȚ Ȋșȍ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȕȍ
ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȟȍȔ Ȋ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ șȈȎȍȕȧȝ ȉțȒȊȈȓȤȕȖ ȓȍȚȧȡȐȑ ȏȈȌ-
ȕȐȔ ȝȖȌȖȔ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏ
— ǬȍȘȎȐșȤ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ șȒȖȘȖ ȏȈȞȍȗȐȔ — ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈȏȖȉ-
ȘȈȚȤ ȋȖȓȖșȈ șȐȌȍȊȠȐȝ ȕȈ ȉțȜȍȘȈȝ
DZșȎȐȎ ;,;
ȅȀǼ ǻǮȆǹǶ ǻǮ ȀǼǾǺǼǵǻǼǷ ǽǹǼȇǮDzǸdz
— Ǩȝ Țȣ ȟȍȘȚ șȚȈȘȣȑ. — ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ș ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȐ ȋȖ-
ȓȖș ǩțȟȕȍȊȈ ǵȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȉțȜȍȘȈ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏȈ șȚțȒȕțȓȐ Ȗ
ȉțȜȍȘȈ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȗȘȐȓȐȗȓȐ Ȓ ȕȐȔ ȏȈȋȓțȠȐȊ ȒȖȕȍȞ
ȜȘȈȏȣ
ǹȖȋȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȑ șȖȊșȍȔ ȏȈȉȣȊ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȒȈȎȌțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț
ȔȖȎȕȖ ȗȖȓȍȚȍȚȤ ȗȖȌ ȒȖȓȍșȈ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȊ șȐȌȍȊȠȐȍ ȕȈ ȉțȜȍȘȈȝ
țȝȐȚȘȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈȒȐȕțȚȤ ȗȘȐȞȍȗȕțȦ ȞȍȗȤ ȕȈ ȒȘȦȒȐ Ȑ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏ

58
ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȚȈȓ ȌȈȊȈȚȤ ȒȖȕȚȘ-ȗȈȘ
ǽȖȌ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ȏȈȔȍȌȓȐȓșȧ — ȥȚȖȔț ȕȍȔȈȓȖ ȗȖȔȖȋȓȖ Ȑ ȚȖ
ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȔȐȕȖȊȈȓȐ țȒȓȖȕ ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȗȖȍȏȌ șȚȈȓ
ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ȔȖșȚȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ǬȖȕ
ǹȓȖȊȕȖ ȔțȝȐ ș ȗȖȍȏȌȈ ȏȈȗȘȣȋȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ ȗȈșșȈȎȐȘȣ
DzȚȖ ȗȓȈȒȈȓ ȒȚȖ șȔȍȧȓșȧ ȒȚȖ ȖȘȈȓ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍșȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȍ
ȒȚȖ ȒȘȣȓ șȈȔ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȧ ȒȖȋȖ ©Ȋ ȉȖȋȈ ȊȍȘț ȔȈȚȤª
ǹȞȍȗȡȐȒȖȊ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȖȌȐȕ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ǺȐȝȖȕȖȊȣȔ Ȉ ȌȘț-
ȋȖȑ ȔȈȚȘȖșȖȔ ȍȌțȡȐȔ ș ȗȖȉȣȊȒȐ Ȋ ǸȖșȚȖȊ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȏȈȒȈȟȈ-
ȓȐ ȌȖ șȔȍȘȚȐ ǶȚȌțȊȈȧșȤ ȖȕȐ ȍȓȍ-ȍȓȍ ȌȣȠȈȓȐ
— Ǩ ǩțȟȕȍȊ-ȚȖ ȋȌȍ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ — ǵȍ șȓȍȚȍȓ ȓȐ
Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȍ"
— ǬȈ ȏȌȍșȤ ȧ ǵȍȒțȌȈ Ȕȕȍ ȌȍȚȤșȧ Ǫȣ ȊȖȚ ȓțȟȠȍ șȦȌȈ
ȗȖȑȌȐȚȍ — ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖș
ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȗȖȌȖȠȓȐ Ȓ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ǩțȟ-
ȕȍȊȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȊȣȚȘȧȝȐȊȈȓ Ȑȏ șȚȈȘȐȒȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ȔȍȠȒȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ȒȐȘȗȐȟȐ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȚȖ ȚȘȧȗȤȍ Ȑ ȚȖȔț ȗȖȌȖȉȕțȦ ȌȘȧȕȤ ǺțȚ Ȏȍ
ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ ȊȈȓȧȓȈșȤ șȍȌȈȧ ȉȖȘȖȌȈ ȗȈȘȐȒ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȌȘȈ-
ȕȣȑ ȏȐȗțȕ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȈ ȔțșȖȘȕȣȑ ȧȡȐȒ ȚȈȒȖȑ"
— Ǩ ȊȖȚ ȗȘȖȟȚȐȚȍ ȗȐșȤȔȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȚȈȘȖȋȖ ȟȍȘȚȈ ȚȈȒ Ȋșȍ
țȏȕȈȍȚȍ
«ʔ˔ˎˋ ˍ˕ˑ ˖˙ˈˎˈˈ˕ǡ ˕˃ˍ ˊː˃ˌ˕ˈǡ ˚˕ˑ ˅˔ˡˇ˖ ˊ˃ ˅˃ˏˋ ˕ˢː˖˕˔ˢ
˜˖˒˃ˎ˟˙˃ “ʦˈ˓ːˑˆˑ ˑ˔˟ˏˋːˑˆ˃”ǡ ˍˑ˕ˑ˓˞ˌǡ ˅ ˍˑː˙ˈ ˍˑː˙ˑ˅ǡ ˒ˈ-
˓ˈˇ˖˛ˋ˕ ˅˃˔ ˒ˑˑˇˋːˑ˚ˍˈǤ ʞˑˏːˋ˕ˈǡ ˚˕ˑ ːˋ ˑˇˋː ˛˃ˆ ːˈ ˒˓ˑˌ-
ˇˈ˕ ˄ˈˊ ː˃˛ˈˆˑ ˅ˈˇˑˏ˃Ǥ
ʞˑˏːˋ˕ˈǡ ˚˕ˑ ˏ˞ ːˈ ˊː˃ˈˏ ˔ˎˑ˅˃ “˒ˑ˜˃ˇ˃”Ǥ
ʞˑˏːˋ˕ˈǡ ˚˕ˑ ˏ˞ ˕ˈː˟ˡ ˄˖ˇˈˏ ˘ˑˇˋ˕˟ ˊ˃ ˅˃ˏˋǡ ˑ˄˓˖˛ˋ-
˅˃˕˟ ˖ˇ˃˓˞ ː˃ ˅˃˛ˋ ˆˑˎˑ˅˞ ˕ˑˆˇ˃ǡ ˍˑˆˇ˃ ˅˞ ˠ˕ˑˆˑ ˏˈː˟˛ˈ
˅˔ˈˆˑ ˑˉˋˇ˃ˈ˕ˈǤ
ʞˑˏːˋ˕ˈǡ ˚˕ˑ ˅˞ ˑ˄˓ˈ˚ˈː˞ ː˃ ˆˋ˄ˈˎ˟Ǥ
“ʦˈ˓ː˞ˌ ˑ˔˟ˏˋːˑˆ”ǽǤ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȈ ©ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋª ȚȈȒȖȑ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ

59
— Ǩ ȥȚȖ ȟțȌȖȊȐȡȍ ȔȖȘșȒȖȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȡțȗȈȓȤȞȈȔȐ — Ȑȝ
ț ȕȍȋȖ ȊȖșȍȔȤ — Ȓ șȊȖȍȑ ȎȍȘȚȊȍ ȗȘȐșȈșȣȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȒȘȖȊȤ șȖ-
șȍȚ
— ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ǰ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȈȔȖȋȖ ©ǶșȤȔȐȕȖȋȈª
ȒȘȦȟȖȒ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȑ ȕȈȑȌȍȔ ǬȈ ȚȈȒȖȑ ș ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȕȍ șȖȘȊȍȠȤ-
șȧ ȉțȌȤ ț Țȍȉȧ ȝȖȚȤ șȚȖ ȕȖȋ — ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ
— ǷȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ — ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓȐșȤ ȊȖȏȋȓȈșȣ —
ǬȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ©ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋȐª ȥȚȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ ȌȈ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕșȒȖȑ ȒȘȖȊȐ
ȕȈșȖșȈȓȐșȤ DzȖȕȍȞ Ȑ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȌȍȚ ǷțșȚȤ ȉȈȝȊȈȓȧȚșȧ ǵȈș ȊȍȌȤ
ȥȚȐȔ ȕȍ ȐșȗțȋȈȍȠȤ ǩȐȓȐ Ȕȣ ǴȈȔȖȕȚȖȊȈ ȀȒțȘȖ DzȘȈșȕȖ-
ȊȈ DzȈȓȍȌȐȕȈ ǴȕȖȋȐȝ ȉȐȓȐ ǷȖȉȤȍȔ Ȑ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ Ȑ ȊșȧȒȐȔ
©ǿȍȘȕȣȔ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋȈȔª ȡțȗȈȓȤȞȈ Ȋ ȖȌȐȕ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȗȖȖȉȘț-
ȉȐȔ.
— ǷȖȘȈ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ ǰ ȚȈȒ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓȐ ȕȈȋȖ-
ȕȧȚȤ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ — ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȋȖȓȖș ȔȈȠȐȕȐșȚȈ
ǷȈșșȈȎȐȘȣ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȘȈȏȔȍșȚȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȚȐȝȖ ȗȖȗȖȓȏ
ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȖȡțȗȣȊȈȧ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȒțșȖȟȍȒ ȘȍȓȤș
ǿȈșȈȔ Ȓ ȌȍȊȧȚȐ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȕȖ ȌȖȉȘȈȓȐșȤ
ȌȖ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȋȌȍ ȕȈ șȈȔȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȓ țȍȏȌ-
ȕȣȑ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȑ ȒȖȔȐșșȈȘ Ȑ țȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ ȚȖȊȈ-
ȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ǵț ȒȈȒ ȌȍȓȈ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ" — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ
— ǵȍȊȈȎȕȖ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ȚȖȚ — DzȘțȋȖȔ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȟȍȘȚȖȊ-
ȡȐȕȈ ȚȊȖȘȐȚșȧ Ǩ ȝțȎȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȠȐȜ-
ȘȖȊȒț ȗȖȓțȟȐȓȐ ș ȐȏȊȍȡȍȕȐȍȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȊȣȍȝȈȓ țȗȖȓ-
ȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ǪǿDz ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ ȌȖ
șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȕȍȚ Ȑ ȕȍȚ ǹȓȖȊȕȖ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȏȍȔȓȦ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȓșȧ
DZșȎȐȎ XX
ǯǼdzǰǼdz ǸǾdzȇdzǻǶdz ǽǮǰǹǮ ǰǼǿȀǾȍǸǼǰǮ
DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ǴȐȚȘȐȑ Ȑ ǼȍȌȤȒȈ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȐșȤ șȗțșȚȐȚȤ-
șȧ Ȋ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȑ ȐȔȐ ȝȖȌ Ȋ ȗȖȓț ȉȈȘȈȕȖȊȐȟȍȊ-

60
șȒȖȑ ȉȈȠȕȐ ǷȈȊȍȓ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ ȏȈșțȟȐȊ ȗȖȊȣȠȍ ȠȚȈȕȣ Ȑ
ȏȈȗȘȖȒȐȕțȊ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȒȈȒ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȗȖȔȟȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌ
ǬȖȘȖȋȈ ȗȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȔȟȈȓșȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȉȣȓȈ ȍȔț ȏȕȈȒȖȔȈ ȌȖ
ȔȈȓȍȑȠȍȑ ȐȏȊȐȓȐȕȣ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȒțșȚȐȒ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚ ȉȣȓ
ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ Ȑȏțȟȍȕ ȌȖ ȔȈȓȍȑȠȐȝ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖșȚȍȑ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț-ȚȖ
ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȗȘȖȓȈȏȕțȦ ȚȤȔț ǷȈȊȓț ȕȍ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ ȕȈ-
ȡțȗȣȊȈȚȤ ȌȖȘȖȋț — ȔȟȈȓșȧ Ȗȕ ȏȕȈȧ ȏȈȘȈȕȍȍ ȋȌȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȗȖ-
ȊȍȘȕțȚȤ ȋȌȍ ȗȖȌȖȋȕțȚȤșȧ ȊȖȊȘȍȔȧ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍ ȗȖȞȈȘȈȗȈȚȤ ȊȍȚ-
ȒȈȔȐ ȌȍȘȍȊȈ ȓȐȞȖ
ǽȖȚȤ Ȑ ȉȣȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȍȡȍ ȔȖȓȖȌ ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ
ȟȚȖ ȍȔț ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȐȚ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȚȤ ȊȈȎȕțȦ ȏȈȌȈȟț — ȓțȟȠȐȍ ȌȘț-
ȏȤȧ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȌȊȍȘȋȈȓȐșȤ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȔț ȘȐșȒț șȗțșȚȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȖȌ-
ȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ Ƕȕ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȊțȝ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȣȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ DzȚȖ ȖȕȐ — ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȕȐ-
ȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȈȋȐ ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐ Ȉ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȑ ȍȋȖ
ȊȘȈȋȐ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȏȈȔȣȠȓȧȦȚ ȖȚȘȈȊȐȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ȟȚȖ
ȖȕȐ ȕȍȕȈȊȐȌȧȚ Țȍȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ǷȈȊȍȓ șȟȐȚȈȓ
ȓțȟȠȐȔȐ Ȑ ȋȓȧȌȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȔȍȟȚȈȓ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
șȌȍȓȈȚȤșȧ ȚȈȒȐȔ Ȏȍ
ǶȚ ȉȣșȚȘȖȋȖ ȉȍȋȈ ȊȍȚȍȘ șȊȐșȚȍȓ ȔȐȔȖ țȠȍȑ Ȑ Ȏȍȋ ȓȐȞȖ
ǷȖ ȕȖȋȈȔ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ șȚȍȋȈȓȐ ȕȍȊȐȌȐȔȣȍ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȗȘțȚȤȧ Ȓț-
șȚȖȊ
ǩȣȓȖ ȍȡȍ ț ǷȈȊȓȈ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȖȚ
ȖȕȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ șȌȍȓȈȓȐ ȚȈȒȖȍ ȊȈȎȕȖȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȖ țȌȐȊȐȚȤ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȧ ǻȒȖȔȈ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȈȊȓȧȓ șȍȉȍ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȊȣșȓțȠȈȍȚ ȍȋȖ Ȑ ȌȖȉ-
ȘȖȌțȠȕȖ ȗȖȝȓȖȗȈȊ ȗȖ ȗȓȍȟț șȒȈȎȍȚ ©ǴȖȓȖȌȞȣ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȊȖȚ
ȥȚȖ ȧ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦ ǵȈșȚȖȧȡȐȍ ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȤȞȣª
ǷȈȊȍȓ țȎȍ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ Ȑȏ ǪȖȓȟȤȍȋȖ ȖȊȘȈȋȈ Ȑ șȗțșȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ
ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȓȖȎȉȐȕț ȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȚȧȕțȓȖșȤ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ǸȈȕȤ--
Ƞȍ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȓțȟȈȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȘȍȠȐȓșȧ ȕȖȟȤȦ
ȗȘȖȑȚȐ ȔȐȔȖ ȕȍȋȖ ȔȈȧȟȐȓȐ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȒȘȍșȚȣ ȉȣȓȖ ȊșȍȋȌȈ
ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȚȐȝȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȠȍȓȍșȚȍȓ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȓȐ-
șȚȤȧȔȐ ȘȖșȠȐȝ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȚȖȗȖȓȍȑ ǷȈȝȓȖ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ș ȒȓȈȌ-
ȉȐȡȈ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȋȕȐȓȤȦ Ȑ șȣȘȖșȚȤȦ ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȖȚ-ȊȖȚ ȖȚ-
ȌȍȓȐȚșȧ ȖȚ ȒȈȒȖȋȖ-ȓȐȉȖ ȗȈȔȧȚȕȐȒȈ ȐȓȐ ȒȘȍșȚȈ ȉȍȓȈȧ ȚȍȕȤ
ȔȍȘȚȊȍȞȈ ȐȓȐ ȗȘȐȊȐȌȍȕȐȧ

61
ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȏȍ ȗȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȓțȟȈȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐ-
ȊȐȌȍȕȐȑ ȕȍȚ șȖȊșȍȔ Ȉ ȍșȓȐ Ȑ ȔȖȎȕȖ țȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȒȖȋȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
ȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȕȍȗȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȎȐȊȖȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȏȈȚȍȊȈȦȡȐȑ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȕȐ-
ȉțȌȤ ȏȓȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȒȈȒ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ
ǷȖȥȚȖȔț-ȚȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȈȔȍȌȓȐȓ șȊȖȑ ȉȍȋ
ȖȒȖȓȖ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȈ — ȕȈȏȓȖ ȊșȍȔ ȗȘȐȊȐȌȍȕȐȧȔ
ǬȖȘȖȋȈ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȉȓȐȏȒȖ Ȓ ȖȋȘȈȌȍ ȕȖ ȚȤȔȈ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ
ȉȣȓȈ ȚȈȒ șȐȓȤȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐ ȖȋȘȈȌȣ ȕȐ ȒȘȍșȚȖȊ
— ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȖȗȖȓȧ ȠțȔȍȓȐ Ȑ ȕȍșȓȖ șȣȘȖșȚȤȦ
Ǫ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ ȋȌȍ Ȋ ȖȋȘȈȌȍ ȐȔȍȓșȧ ȗȘȖȓȖȔ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ —
șȈȔȖȍ ȖȗȈșȕȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ
 ǷȈȊȍȓ ȌȈȎȍ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȗȘȍȕȍȉȘȍ-
ȎȍȕȐȐ ȒȖ ȊșȍȔ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȧȔ ȗȍȘȍȊȍȓ Ȍțȝ Ȑ ș țȌȈȓȤȦ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ
șȗȓȦȕțȓ
— Ǩ ȕț ȗȘȐȊȐȌȍȕȐȍ ȊȣȝȖȌȐ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ Ȋ ȚȍȔ-
ȕȖȚț
DzȓȈȌȉȐȡȍȕșȒȈȧ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȈ ȔȖȓȟȈȓȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȖȗȖȓȧ ȠțȔȍ-
ȓȐ Ȑ șȣȘȖșȚȤȦ ȕȍșȓȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȈȋȕțȓșȧ ȗȖȗȘȈȊȐȚȤ șȗțșȚȐȊ-
ȠȐȍșȧ ȠȚȈȕȣ Ȑ ȌțȔȈȓ țȎȍ ȗțșȚȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ ȒȈȒ șȉȖȒț ȊȌȘțȋ
ȏȈȠțȘȠȈȓȈ ȖșȣȗȈȦȡȈȧșȧ ȏȍȔȓȧ ȏȈȚȘȍȡȈȓȐ șțȟȤȧ Ȑ ȕȍ țș-
ȗȍȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȖȗȖȔȕȐȚȤșȧ ȒȈȒ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȌȈȊȐȓȖ șȊȍȘȝț ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ
ȎȐȊȖȑ ȚȧȎȍșȚȤȦ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȏȊȐȏȋȕțȓ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ ȘȊȈ-
ȕțȓșȧ ȐȏȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȐȓ ȕȖ ȚȧȎȍșȚȤ ȕȍ ȖȚȗțșȒȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ
©ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȗȘȐȊȐȌȍȕȐȧ Ȋșȍ-ȚȈȒȐ ȍșȚȤ"ª — ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȖ ț
ȕȍȋȖ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ Ȑ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȈȧ ȌȘȖȎȤ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓȈ ȗȖ ȊșȍȔ ȔțșȒț-
ȓȈȔ șȘȈȏț ȘȈșșȓȈȉȐȊ Ȑȝ
— ȇ Țȍȉȍ ȗȖȒȈȎț șȚȍȘȊȍȞ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȌșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤ — ȗȘȖ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȏȓȖȑ ȋȘțȉȣȑ ȋȖȓȖș — Țȣ ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȉțȌȍȠȤ
ȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ
DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȏȊțȒȐ ȖȉȣȒȕȖȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖ-
ȊȍȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȋȖȓȖșȈ șȚȘȈȝ șȘȈȏț Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ ǴȖȓȖȌȣȍ țȗ-
ȘțȋȐȍ ȔțșȒțȓȣ ȕȈȗȘȧȋȓȐșȤ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȉȐȚȤșȧ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ
ȊȣșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣȝ ȞȍȗȒȐȝ ȘțȒ ǵȖ ȖȕȐ ȌȍȘȎȈ-
ȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ Ȟȍȗȓȧȓșȧ ȏȈ ȟȤȦ-ȚȖ ȘțȉȈȠȒț ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ
ȚȘȍȡȈȓȈ ȉȐȓ ȒțȓȈȒȖȔ ȗȖ ȔȧșȐșȚȖȔț Țȍȓț ȉȘȣȒȈȓșȧ ȕȖȋȈ-
ȔȐ ȕȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȓȖ
ǵȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȉȣȓ șȐȓȍȕ Ȑ ȚȧȎȍȓ ȒȈȒ șȓȖȕ
ǪșȗȖȔȕȐȊ Ȗ șȗțșȚȐȊȠȐȝșȧ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈȝ Ȗ
șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȍ ǻȒȖȔȈ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ

ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȚȤ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȍȡȍ șȐȓȤȕȍȍ ȏȈ-
ȉȐȓșȧ ȗȘȖȉțȧ Ȋșȍ șȗȖșȖȉȣ ȖȚȌȍȓȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚ șȐȓȤȕȣȝ ȘțȒ
ǸȈȏ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȍȋȖ ȗȈȓȍȞ ȗȖȗȈȓ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ
ȔȧȋȒȖȍ Ȑ ȔȖȒȘȖȍ — ȋȓȈȏ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȈȎȈȓ șȐȓȤȕȍȍ — ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ȖȚȒȐȕțȓ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ Ȑ ȕȈ ȔȋȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ ȖșȓȈȉȐȓ
ȘțȒȐ ǵȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȥȚȐȔ
șȓțȟȈȍȔ ȒȈȒ ȘțȒȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȊȕȖȊȤ ș șȐȓȖȑ ȏȈȝȓȍșȚȕțȓȐ șȎȈ-
ȓȐ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐȕț ȋȘțȌȤ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ȍȔț ȌȈȎȍ șȚȈȓȖ ȚȘțȌȕȖ Ȍȣ-
ȠȈȚȤ
— Ǩȝ ȟȍȘȚ ȧ Ȏȍ Țȍȉȍ ȗȖȒȈȎț — ȏȈȘȣȟȈȓ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȟȍ-
ȓȖȊȍȒ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȗȖȌȉȖȘȖȌȒȈ ȔȧȋȒțȦ
ȊȖȓȖșȈȚțȦ ȚȍȗȓțȦ ȘțȒț ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȗȖȌȖȋȕțȓ ȋȖȓȖȊț Ȑ ȏȈȝ-
ȊȈȚȐȊ ȏțȉȈȔȐ ȕȈȗȘȧȋȠȐȑșȧ ȔțșȒțȓ ș șȐȓȖȑ șȚȐșȕțȓ Ȑȝ
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȊȏȊȣȓ ȖȚ ȉȖȓȐ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȐȓșȧ ȊȣșȊȖȉȖȌȐȓ șȊȖ-
ȉȖȌȕțȦ ȘțȒț Ȑ ȘȈȏȔȈȝȕțȊȠȐșȤ șȖ Ȋșȍȑ șȐȓȖȑ țȌȈȘȐȓ ǷȈȊ-
ȓȈ ȗȖ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ Ȑ țȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȔȐȕțȚț ȗȖșȚȖȧȓ ȕȈȌ ǷȈȊȓȖȔ ȗȖȚȍȘ țȒțș ȊȣȘț-
ȋȈȓșȧ șȔȈȟȕȖ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȒȐȕțȊ ȉȍȏȎȐȏȕȍȕȕȖȍ ȚȍȓȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȓȍȟȖ
șȒȘȣȓșȧ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȈ

ǰ ǹǼǰȁȆǸdz

64
DZșȎȐȎ XXI
ǿȀǮǻǼǰǶȇdz ǯǮǻDzǶȀǼǰ
ǬȓȐȕȕȖȑ ȗȖȓȖșȖȑ ȊȍȘșȚ ȕȈ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ Ȋ ȠȐȘȐȕț ȗȘȖȚȧ-
ȕțȓȐșȤ ȒȈȏȍȕȕȣȍ ȓȍșȈ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȖȑ ȋțȉȍȘȕȐȐ ǶȉșȚțȗȐȊ ȋțș-
ȚȖȑ ȟȈȡȍȑ ș ȌȊțȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȌȖȘȖȎȕȣȑ ȗțȚȤ ȘȈȏȉȍ-
ȎȈȓȐșȤ ȓȍșȈ Ȋ ȘȈȏȕȣȍ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȖȚ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ ȊȍȒȈȔȐ
ȏȈȕȧȊ — ȋȓțȠȤȦ Ȑ ȗȘȍȓȤȦ ȓȍșȕȖȑ — ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȌȍșȧȚȐȕ
ǷȖȒȈ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ©ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋª ȖȉșțȎȌȈȓ ȗȓȈȕ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȖȧȡȍȋȖ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȧ ȏȈȗȘȍȡȈȧ ȍȌȐȕȐȟȕȣȍ ȕȍȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕ-
ȕȣȍ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒȈ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȏȈȓȍȋ Ȋ șȈ-
ȔȖȔ ȋȓțȝȖȔ țȋȖȓȒȍ ȥȚȐȝ ȓȍșȖȊ ȗȘȍȌȈȊȈȧșȤ ȉȍȏȌȍȓȤȦ ȌȍȉȖ-
ȠȈȔ Ȑ ȗȤȧȕșȚȊț
ǶȚȘȧȌ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȓ ȌȐȒȖȍ Ȑ șȚȘȈȕȕȖȍ ȏȘȍ-
ȓȐȡȍ Ƕȕ ȕȈșȟȐȚȣȊȈȓ ȖȒȖȓȖ  ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ǺȘțȌȕȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ
ȋȌȍ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȕȈȉȘȈȓ ȥȚȐȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ Ǫșȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȐȍ ȖȚ-
ȉȘȖșȣ ȗȈȌȈȓȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȈ ȕȈȠȓȐ șȍȉȍ ȏȌȍșȤ
ȗȘȐȦȚ Ȑ țșȗȖȒȖȍȕȐȍ ǯȌȍșȤ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȐ Ȋșȍȝ ȘȖȌȖȊ
ȗȘȍșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȧ ȖȚ ȏȈȒȖȘȍȕȍȓȣȝ țȉȐȑȞ-ȘȍȞȐȌȐȊȐ-
șȚȖȊ Ȑ ȊȖȘȖȊ Ȑ ȒȖȕȟȈȧ ȌȍȏȍȘȚȐȘȈȔȐ
ǹȈȔ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȘȍȌȒȖ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȖȚȘȧȌȍ ȕȍ-
ȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȐȔ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȊȈȓ ǩȍȘȋ ȕȖ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȈ ȘȈșșȚȖȧ-
ȕȐȐ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ țȔȍȓȖ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȓ ȥȚȐȔ șȉȘȖȌȖȔ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ ș ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȍȔ ȕȈ ȗȖȍȏȌ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȍȝȈȓ Ȋ
ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ȗȖȌ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȑ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ ǯȈȝȈȘȖ-
ȊȈ ȗȖșȓȍ ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ ș ȖȚȞȍȗȒȖȑ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȖȏȓȖȉȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȉȈȕȌȐ-
Țȣ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ șȊȖȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȡȍ
— ǶȉȍȡȈȓȐ ȊșȍȋȖ Ȉ șȈȔȐ ȊȠȈȔȐ ȕȈș Ȋ ȓȍșț ȒȖȘȔȧȚ —
ȊȖȘȟȈȓȐ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ Ȑȏ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ
— ǿȚȖ Ȕȣ — ȔȈȓȤȟȐȒȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ ș ȕȈȔȐ ȐȋȘȈȚȤșȧ"
— ǬȖȒȖȓȍ Ȏ Ȕȣ ȚțȚ șȒȐȚȈȚȤșȧ ȉțȌȍȔ"
— ǵȍȉȖșȤ ȍȌȘȍȕȈ ȔȈȚȤ șȈȔȐ-ȚȖ
ǩȍȘȋ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȚȘȧȌț ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȟȍȔ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȏȈȚ-
ȒȕțȚȤ ȋȓȖȚȒț ȅȚȖ ȊȖȘȟȈȕȐȍ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȖȗȈșȕȣȔ Ƕȕ ȘȈșȗȖ-
ȘȧȌȐȓșȧ ȖȚȗțșȚȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȒȈȎȌȖȋȖ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕțȦ ȌȖȏț șȈȔȖȋȖȕ-

65
ȒȐ — ȥȚȖ ȖȚȊȓȍȒȈȓȖ ȖȚȘȧȌ Ȑ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȐȔȍȓȖ șȊȖȐ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȍ Șȍ-
ȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ
Ǫ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȐ șȈȔȖȋȖȕȒȐ ȌȍȓȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȖ Ȋ ȖȚȘȧ-
Ȍȍ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȓȍȗȕȖ ȐȔȍȓȐșȤ șȊȖȐ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȐșȚȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȏȈȕȐ-
ȔȈȓȐșȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȥȚȐȔ ǷȖȟȚȐ ȒȈȎȌțȦ ȕȖȟȤ ȉȍȓȣȑ ȍȌȒȐȑ ȌȣȔ
ȏȈșȚȐȓȈȓ ȕȍȉȖ ȕȈȌ ȓȍșȖȔ ȋȌȍ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȐȓșȧ ȖȚȘȧȌ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȊȣȗȐȚȖȑ șȈȔȖȋȖȕȒȐ ȓȍș șȘȈȏț ȕȈȗȖȓȕȐȓșȧ ȋȈȔȖȔ
Ȑ șȔȍȝȖȔ ǷȖ ȒțșȚȈȔ ȊȐȏȎȈȓȐ ȉȈȉȣ ȖȚ ȕȈșȐȓȐȑ Ȑ ȗȤȧȕșȚȊȈ
ȗȖȚȍȘȧȊȠȐȍ ȖȉȘȈȏ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȐȑ ȌȍȘȋȈȓȐ ȕȈȌȖȍȌȓȐȊȖ ȓȍș-
ȕțȦ ȚȐȠȐȕț ȗȤȧȕȣȍ ȏȊțȒȐ ȘȈȏȉȐȚȖȑ ȋȈȘȔȖȕȐȒȐ ȗȤȧȕȣȍ
ȏȈȒȖȊȣȘȐșȚȣȍ ȘțȋȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ ȊȐșȓȐ ȚȧȎȍșȚȤȦ ȖșȒȓȐȏȓȖȑ ȕȈ
ȓȐșȚȤȧȝ ȓȍșȈ ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȣȑ țșȗȍȝ ȐȔȍȓ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȌȍȕȤ ǭȋȖȘ dzȧȠ-
ȒȈ ȅȚȖ Ȗȕ Ȋ ȖȉȘȈȏȍ șȚȈȘȐȒȈ ȕȈ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȖȒ ȗȖȗȘȖ-
șȐȓ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ ț ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ȗȘȖȍȝȈȚȤ ș ȕȐȔȐ
— dzȖȊȒȖ Țȣ ȥȚț șȊȖȓȖȟȤ șȗțșȚȐȓ ș ȋȖȘȣ dzȧȠȒȈ — ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȓȐ ȍȔț
— ǵȍȉȖșȤ șȚȘțȝȕțȓȐ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȖȔ
— ǩțȌțȚ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȕȈȠȐȝ
— Ǩȝ ȌȤȧȊȖȓ dzȧȠȒȈ ȚțȌȣ-ȘȈșȚțȌȣ — ȕț Ȑ ȔȈșȚȈȒ ȍȑ-
ȉȖȋț
— ǰ Ȍȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȊȖȦ ȉȈȠȒț ȌȍȓȈȓȐ"
— ǫȖșȚȐȕȞț ȐȔ Ȋ ȔȍȠȒȍ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ǫȖ-ȋȖ-ȋȖ-ȋȖ
— ǩȖȘȖȌȈ-ȚȖ ȚȖȎȍ ȚȈȔ ȖșȚȈȓȈșȤ ǵț Ȑ ȟȍȘȚȧȒȈ
— ȅȝ ǭȋȖȘȒȈ ȌȈȊȈȑ ȊȣȗȤȍȔ ȏȈ ȚȊȖȦ ȉȖȘȖȌț ȟȚȖ ȖșȚȈ-
ȊȐȓ ȕȈ ȘȈșȚȍȘȏȈȕȐȍ
ǶȚȘȧȌ ȗȤȧȕȣȝ ȋȈȓȌȍȓ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȓȈȌȣ ȒȈȒ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖ-
ȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ǩȍȘȋț ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȑ ț ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȈ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒ ȊȈș ȗȘȖșȧȚ Ȓ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț
ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕȖȑ șȊȧȏȐ ș ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ
ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȓ ȗȖ
ȓȍșț Ȑ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȐșȒțșȕȖ ȏȈȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ Ȋ ȌȖȘȖȋȈȝ șȖȍȌȐ-
ȕȧȓșȧ ș ȋȓȈȊȕȣȔ ȠȚȈȉȖȔ ȐȔȍȊȠȐȔ țȎȍ șȊȧȏȤ ș ǴȖșȒȊȖȑ
ǴȍșȚȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȕȐȒȖȔț ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȏȈ ȐșȒȓȦȟȍ-
ȕȐȍȔ ǩȍȘȋȈ
ǷȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț ȏȊȖȕȐȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ Ƕȕ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȓ Ȗ Șȍ-
ȏțȓȤȚȈȚȈȝ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȖȚȘȧȌ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ
— ǵȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍțȌȈȟȕȖ ȖȕȐ Ȋșȍ-ȚȈȒȐ ȗȘȖȍȝȈȓȐ ș
ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȐȔȐ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȕȖșȚȧȔȐ ȔȐȔȖ

66
ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȏȓȖ ȊȣȘțȋȈȓșȧ
— ǪȖȖȉȡȍ ȕȈȔ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȍ ȊȍȏȍȚ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓ-
ȎȈȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ — ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ șȖȗȓȧȒȐ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ ȕȈȠ ȝȖȌ Ȋ
ȉȈȠȕȍ Ȑ Ȕȣ ȓȐȠȍȕȣ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ țȉȍȎȐȡ — ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ȧ șȞȈȗȈȓ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ț Ȕȍȕȧ
ȅȚȐ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ ȖȠȍȓȖȔȐȓȐ ǩȍȘȋȈ Ƕȕ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȓ
ȟȚȖ ȝȖȌ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ
— DzȈȒȐȍ ȔȍȘȣ ȕțȎȕȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ Ȗȕ ǿȍȘȕȈȊ-
șȒȖȋȖ
— ǹȚȈȘȈȑȚȍșȤ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ țșȐȓȤȚȍ ȟȈșȖȊȣȝ
ȖȚȗȘȈȊȤȚȍ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕțȦ ȘȈȏȊȍȌȒț ȊȍȘșȚȣ ȕȈ ȌȊȍ ȖȚ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ
ȅȚȐ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȣ ȟȍȒȐșȚȣ ȉțȌțȚ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȊȍȏȌȍ ȠȕȣȘȧȚȤ — ȕȈ-
ȌȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȕȈȟȍȒț
DZșȎȐȎ ;;,,
ǰ ǺdzȆǸdz
ǸȈȕȖ țȚȘȖȔ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ-ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȤȞȈ-
ȔȐ ǼȍȌȤȒȖȑ Ȑ ǴȐȚȘȐȍȔ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȊȠȐȔȐ ȍȋȖ Ȑȏ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȖ-
ȋȖ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȧ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȦ ǻȒȖȔȈ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡț
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț
ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țȎȍ ȕȍ șȗȈȓ Ƕȕ ȝȖȌȐȓ șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȍȕ-
ȕȖ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȏȈȓȖȎȐȊ ȏȈ șȗȐȕț ȘțȒȐ ȅȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȖ ȏȈ ȚȖ
ȟȚȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȟȍȔ-ȚȖ ȖȉȍșȗȖȒȖȍȕ Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ, ȗȖ ȌȖ-
ȕȍșȍȕȐȧȔ țȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȖȋȖ ǫǷǻ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ, Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ Ȑ ȖȒȘȍ-
șȚȕȣȝ șȍȓȈȝ ȚȊȖȘȐȓȈșȤ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȟȍȘȚȖȊȡȐȕȈ ǿȤȐ-ȚȖ ȕȍȏȘȐ-
Ȕȣȍ ȘțȒȐ ȉțȌȖȘȈȎȐȓȐ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕșȒȐȍ ȔȈșșȣ ȗȖȌȉȐȊȈȧ ȕȈ
ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ șȉȐȓșȧ ș ȕȖȋ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ ȕȈȗȈșȚȤ ȝȖȚȤ ȕȈ
ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȓȍȌ ǰșȟȍȏȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ Ȗ ȊȣȍȏȌȍ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȖȋȖ șȖȖȉȡȐȓȈ ȠȐȜȘȖȊȈȕȕȈȧ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȈ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȉȣȓȖ
ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȖ Ǩ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ țȎȍ ǴȖșȒȊȈ ȏȕȈȓȈ Ȗ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȊȠȍȔșȧ
ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȐ ȏȌȍșȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȖ ȏȈ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ǵȈȌȖ
ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȔȍȘȣ ǷȘȐȍȝȈȊȠȐȑ

67
ȊȟȍȘȈ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȉȓȍȋȟȈȓ ȥȚț ȏȈȌȈȟț ȕȖ ȟȚȖ
ȔȖȋȓȐ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȍșȧȚȒȖȊ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȊȖȖȘțȎȍȕȕȣȝ
ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȕȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȖȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈ-
ȓȖ ȔȈșșȖȊȣȑ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘ"
©ǵȈȌȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ șȈȔțȦ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȥȚȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȖȚȘțȉȐȚȤ
ȍȍ — ȌțȔȈȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — Ȉ ȋȓȈȊȈȘȐ ȥȚȐ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȖȌ ȉȖ-
ȒȖȔª
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȔ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȔ șȚȖȓȐȒȍ ȏȈȌȘȍȉȍȏ-
ȎȈȓ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕ
— ȅȚȖ Țȣ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ"
—ǬȈȧ
— ǫȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ǴȖȎȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚ Ȓ Țȍȉȍ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȘȐȑ-
ȚȐ ȖȉșțȌȐȚȤ ȒȖȍ-ȒȈȒȐȍ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ" Ǻȣ ȕȍ șȗȐȠȤ"
— ȇ Țȍȉȧ ȎȌț ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȇ șȈȔ ȝȖȚȍȓ țȊȐȌȍȚȤșȧ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ
ǯȈ ȖȒȕȖȔ șȚȖȧȓȖ ȘȈȕȕȍȍ șȣȘȖȍ țȚȘȖ ǻȓȐȞȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȗțșȚȣ
Ȑ șȖȕȕȣ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȗȖșȚțȟȈȓȐ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ ȎȐȓ ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȖȠȍȓ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȌȊȍȘȤ
— ǯȈȝȖȌȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȏȈȝȖȌȐ — ȕȈȌȖ Ȏȍ ȕȈȔ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ
ȗȖȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ șȖ Ȋșȍȑ ȥȚȖȑ ȍȘțȕȌȖȑ — ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ȖȚȖȌȊȐȋȈȧ ȏȈșȖȊ ȌȊȍȘȐ
ǵȖ ȕȍ țșȗȍȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȖȚșȚțȗȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȠȈȋ ȖȚ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȦ-
ȡȍȑșȧ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȒȈȒ ȖȕȈ ș șȐȓȖȑ ȘȈșȗȈȝȕțȓȈșȤ Ȑ ȌȊȖȍ ȕȍȐȏ-
ȊȍșȚȕȣȝ ș ȕȈȋȈȕȈȔȐ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȕȈȒȐȕțȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ
— ǵȐ ș ȔȍșȚȈ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓ ȊȣșȖȒȐȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ș ȟȍȘȕȖȑ
ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ — DzțȏȤȔȈ ȖȉȣȡȐ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȣ — ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ ȌȘț-
ȋȖȔț
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȊȌȘțȋ ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȣȑ ȗȘȐȓȐȊ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȐȐ Ƕȕ ȐȕșȚȐȕȒȚȐȊȕȖ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȐ ȌȊȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
Ȑ ȍșȚȤ ȚȈ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȈ Ȗ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ Ȗȕ ȌțȔȈȓ ȊșȍȋȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐ-
ȕțȚ ȕȈȏȈȌ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȉȣȓ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȐȓȤȕȣȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ȒȖȋȌȈ-
ȚȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗțșȚȣȔ ȌȍȓȖȔ ȊȕȍșȚȐ ȌȊȈ ȗȧȚȐȗțȌȖȊȣȝ
ȔȍȠȒȈ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȣȑ ȥȚȈȎ ȔȍȓȤȕȐȞȣ ǵțȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȏȈȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȊțȝ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȌȖ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ Ȉ
ȊȌȊȖȍȔ-ȚȖ ȖȕȐ țȎȍ șȗȘȈȊȧȚșȧ
DzțȏȤȔȈ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȖȉȠȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ
ȒȈȘȔȈȕȣ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ș ȉȣșȚȘȖȚȖȑ ȔȖȓȕȐȐ ȖȉȝȊȈȚȐȓ ȗȖȗȍȘȍȒ
DzțȏȤȔț ȗȘȐȎȈȊ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȗȖȌȔȣȠȒȖȑ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȔȧȟȐȒ ȉȘȖ-
șȐȓ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ș ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ ȕȖ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ — ȚȈȒ

68
ȒȈȒ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓ Ȗȕ — ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȓ ȍȋȖ Ȑ ȖȚșȒȖȟȐȊ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț
ȏȊȍȘȍȔ ȖșȚȍȘȊȍȕȍȓȣȔ ȕȈȒȐȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ȖȚȉȘȖșȐȊ
ȕȈȋȈȕ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț — ȕȍ Ȋ ȘȈșȟȍȚȈȝ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȚȤ
șȚȘȍȓȤȉț ȅȚȖ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ Ȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ǴȍȎȌț ȕȐȔȐ ȏȈȊȧȏȈȓȈșȤ ȘțȒȖȗȈȠȕȈȧ ȉȖȘȤȉȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȍȘȊȖȑ Ȏȍ șȝȊȈȚȒȐ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ Ȋ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȔ șȍ-
ȘȤȍȏȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒȈ ǵȖ Ȑ ș ȕȐȔ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ șȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ ȉȣ
ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖȌȕȧȊȠȐșȤ ȗȍȚȓȍȑ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ
șȚȧȕțȓ ȍȔț ȕȖȋȐ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȏȈȒȘȐȟȈȚȤ ȕȖ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ
ș șȐȓȖȑ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ șȒțȓȣ ȏȈȚȘȍȡȈȓȐ ȏȈȚȒȕțȓ ȍȔț ȘȖȚ ȒȈȒȖȑ-
ȚȖ ȚȘȧȗȒȖȑ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȎȌȈȓ ș ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț ȗȘȐȝȖȌȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘ-
ȋȈ ȕȖ ȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ǬȈ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ Ȑ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȚȤ-ȚȖ ȍȔț ȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖ
ȉȣȓȖ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȖȔ ȖȕȐ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȓȍȋȒȖ șȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ ȉȣ,
ȒȈȒȐșȕȐȔ
DzȖȋȌȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țȎȍ ȓȍȎȈȓ, șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈ-
ȔȐ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ș ȘȍȏȒȖ ȐȏȔȍȕȐȊȠȍȑșȧ ȜȐȏȐȖȕȖȔȐȍȑ ȚȈȒ
ȒȈȒ ȟȍȘȕȈȧ ȕȈȒȓȈȌȕȈȧ ȉȖȘȖȌȈ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ ȖȚșȒȖȟȐȓȈ Ȑ
ȊȈȓȧȓȈșȤ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț — ȏȈȝȐȝȐȒȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ Ȑ șȒȈȏȈȓ
— ǵț-ș ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ șȖșȖȟȒȈ-ȚȖ ȒȈȒ ȊȒțșȕȈȧ ȗȖ-
șȖșȐ ȍȍ ȥȚȖ ȊȈȠȍȔț ȉȘȈȚț ȗȖȓȍȏȕȖ ǹȒȖȘȖ ȚȈȒțȦ șȖșȒț Ȕȣ
Ȑ ȊȈȠȍȔț dzȍȕȐȕț ȊșȚȈȊȐȔ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ
ǷȖȒȈ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȚȈȒ ȐȏȌȍȊȈȓșȧ ȕȈȌ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȣȔ DzțȏȤ-
ȔȈ Șȣȓșȧ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȉțȔȈȋȈȝ ȕȈ șȚȖȓȍ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ș ȔȍȠȒȖȔ ȕȈ ȗȓȍ-
ȟȈȝ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȓȍȎȈȓ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ȑ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȊȣȠ-
ȓȐ Ȑȏ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȣ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȊȖȘȖȟȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȔȍȠȒȍ Ȑ ȉȐȓșȧ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ
ȥȚȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȧȡȐȝ ȕȈ țȓȐȞȍ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ țȌȈȘȧȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ
— ǷȍȘȍșȚȈȕȤȚȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȍȘȏȈȚȤ — Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ
ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȖȎȍȚ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȠȈȋȖȊ ȖȕȐ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȐȌțȡȐȝ ȐȔ ȕȈ-
ȊșȚȘȍȟț ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ ș ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȤȞȈȔȐ ǪșȚȘȍȟȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȚȈȒ
ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȈ ȟȚȖ ț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȊȕțȚȘȐ ȗȖȝȖȓȖȌȍȓȖ Ȉ ȕȈ
ȓȉț ȊȣșȚțȗȐȓȐ ȒȈȗȍȓȤȒȐ ȗȖȚȈ
DzțȏȤȔȈ Ƞȍȓ șȏȈȌȐ Ȑ ȗȖȋȓȈȎȐȊȈȧ ȔȍȠȖȒ ȘțȒȖȑ ȗȘȐȋȖ-
ȊȈȘȐȊȈȓ țșȗȖȒȖȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ

69
— ǿțȠ ȟțȠ ȟțȠ ǪȈșȤȒȈ ǪȈșȤȒȈ
Ǩ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȓȐșȤ ș ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȔ Ȗȕ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ:
— ǵț ǷȈȊȍȓ DzțȏȤȔȐȟ Ȑ ȗȖȘȖșȧ Ȕȣ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȖȚȝȊȈȚȐȓȐ
— ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȗțȌȖȊ ȕȈ ȗȧȚȤ
ǷȘȐ ȏȊțȒȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȋȖȓȖșȈ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȊșȓȍȌ țȌȈ-
ȓȧȊȠȐȔșȧ ȓȦȌȧȔ ȕȍșȠȐȔ ©șȊȐȕȤȦª
©ǫȌȍ ȧ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȥȚȖȚ ȋȖȓȖș" — ȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧ Ȓ ȒȊȈȘ-
ȚȐȘȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ — ǰȓȐ ȥȚȖ Ȕȕȍ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ"ª
DZșȎȐȎ ;;,,,
ȅdzǾǻǮȍ ǯǼǾǼDzǮ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȗȖșȚțȟȈȓ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȤ ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȖȚ-
ȏȣȊȈȓșȧ
— ǬȈ Ȋȣ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ȟȚȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȏȌȍșȤ ȎȐȊȍȚ" —
șȗȘȖșȐȓ ț ȘȍȉȧȚ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— ǭȡȍ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȋȌȍ ȎȐȊȍȚ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǻȒȖȔȈ — ȏȈȌȖȘ-
ȕȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȍȌȤȒȈ — DzȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȏȌȍșȤ
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— Ǩ ȊȖȚ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȐȌȍȚ Ǫȣ ȍȋȖ ȚȖ-
Ȏȍ ȝȖȚȍȓȐ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȕȐȔ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȌȈȊȈȧ
ȍȔț ȘțȒț — ȇ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȖȊȈȕ ǪǿDz
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ — ȖȉȘȈȌȖȊȈȓșȧ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ
șȎȈȊ ȘțȒȐ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȔț — ȋȌȍ ȥȚȖ Ȋȣ ȗȘȖȗȈȌȈȓȐ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ"
Ǵȣ țȎȍ ȌțȔȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȊȈș ȋȌȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȘȐȝȓȖȗȕțȓȐ
— ǬȈ ȚȈȒ ȖȕȖ Ȑ ȉȣȓȖ — ȊȖȚ, ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȊȣȘțȟȐȓȐ
ǷȘȐ ȥȚȐȝ șȓȖȊȈȝ ǼȍȌȖȘ Ȑ ǴȐȚȤȒȈ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȏȈțȓȣȉȈȓȐșȤ
— ǵȖ ȖȉȖ ȊșȍȔ ȥȚȖȔ Ȕȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȔ
ȗȖșȓȍ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȏȈȑȌȍȔ Ȓ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț Ȑ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȔ Ȗ
ȌȍȓȈȝ

70
— ǬȈ ȧ ȚȖȎȍ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȓșȧ — ȥȚȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȒșȚȈȚȐ
Ǫȣ țȎȍ ȗȖșȚțȟȈȓȐ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ǬȈ ȧ șȚțȟȈȓ ȕȖ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȊȈȦȚ ǴȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ Ȗȕ șȗȐȚ ȍȡȍ?..
— ǬȈ ȕȍȚ ȧ ȍȔț ȏȊȖȕȐȓ ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț — Ȗȕ țȎȍ ȊșȚȈȓ Ȑ
ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȎȌȈȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȈȎȈȓ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȑ ȖȕȈ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȓȍȋȒȖ ȖȚȒȘȣ-
ȓȈșȤ
ǷȍȘȊȣȔ ȊȓȍȚȍȓ Ȋ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘ ǴȐȚȤȒȈ
— ǿȍȘȕȈȧ ȉȖȘȖȌȈ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ Ȗȕ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț ȏȈȉȣ-
ȚțȦ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȔ ȉȖȘȖȌț — ȥȚȖ ȚȈ șȈȔȈȧ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȕȣ ȊȐȌȍ-
ȓȐ ȕȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȍ ȗȖȌȢȍȝȈȊȠȍȔ Ȋ ȓȖȌȒȍ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓșȧ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ Ǫ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ
ȍȡȍ ȕȖșȐȓȈșȤ ȗȣȓȤ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȈȧ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȍȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȖȑ Ǫ șȚȖȘȖȕȍ
ȓȍȎȈȓ ȖȗȘȖȒȐȕțȚȣȑ șȚțȓ Ȑ ȒțșȖȒ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ
— ǺȈȒ Ȑ ȍșȚȤ ȖȕȐ țȎȍ Ȑ ȏȌȍșȤ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȣ ȗȖȉȣȊȈȓȐ —
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ǵȈ ȗȖȓț ȉȣȓȐ
ȘȈȏȉȘȖșȈȕȣ ȉțȔȈȋȐ șȚȖȓ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȉȍșȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȈ ȉȣȓȈ
ȗțșȚȈ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ ȝȓȖȗȕțȓ șȍȉȧ ȗȖ ȓȉț
— ǿȍȘȚ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ ȌȈ ȊȍȌȤ ȥȚȖ Ȏȍ ȖȕȐ — ȥȚȐ ȌȊȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ș
ȔȍȠȒȖȔ ȏȈȉȘȈȓȐ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ǰ ȒȈȒ ȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ ȌȖȋȈȌȈȓșȧ
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ țȎȍ ȏȊȖȕȐȓ ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț
— ȅȚȖ ȒȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ" ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊ ȊȣȠȓȐȚȍ ȕȍȔȍȌ-
ȓȍȕȕȖ ȓȦȌȍȑ Ȋ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȐ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ Ȑ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌ ǷțșȚȤ ȖȉȣȡțȚ
Ȋșȍ țȋȖȓȒȐ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȓȖ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȍ ȕȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘț
șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȧ ǻȒȖȔȈ — ȖȕȐ ȍȋȖ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ ȗȖȕȍșȓȐ Ȋ ȔȍȠȒȍ ǵȈ-
ȗȈȌȈȊȠȐȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȊȖȍ — ȖȕȐ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ țȑȚȐ ǷȖ-
ȚȖȘȖȗȐȚȍșȤ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍ ȖȗȖȏȌȈȚȤ
— Ǵȣ ș ȊȈȔȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȔșȧ ȗȖ ȋȖȘȧ-
ȟȐȔ șȓȍȌȈȔ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ — Ȉ Ȋȣ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ ȘȈȏȣȡȐȚȍ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒț — ș ȕȐȔ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ țȊȐ-
ȌȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ șȖȖȉȡȈȑȚȍ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȐȓȐ
ȕȈȔ, ȐȓȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡț ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊț
dzȦȌȐ Ȑȏ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ȗȖȓțȟȐȊ ȐȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȐ ȘȈșșȣ-
ȗȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖ ȋȖȘȖȌț Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȔ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȉȣȓ ȋȖȘȖȌ
ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ Ȑ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȍȓȖȔ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȟȈșȈ

71
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȚȖȎȍ ȔȍȚȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖ ȋȖȘȖȌț ȕȖ ȉȍȏ-
ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȕȖ DzțȏȤȔȈ Ȑ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȐșȟȍȏȓȐ — ȒȈȒ șȒȊȖȏȤ
ȏȍȔȓȦ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȓȐșȤ ǵȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐ ȔȈȓȍȑȠȐȝ șȓȍȌȖȊ
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȣȠȓȐ Ȑȏ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍ-
ȕȐȦ Ȓ ǪȖȓȟȤȍȔț ȖȊȘȈȋț DzȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ țȎȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȐ șȗțșȒȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ
ȕȍȋȖ ȊȕȐȏț ȘȈȏȌȈȓșȧ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȕȣȑ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ ǶȕȐ
ȉȘȖșȐȓȐșȤ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ
ȖȕȐ ȊȌȘțȋ țșȓȣȠȈȓȐ șȓȈȉȣȍ șȚȖȕȣ
ǵȈȊȈȓȐȊȠȐșȤ ȊșȍȔ ȚȍȓȖȔ ȕȈ ȒțșȚ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȘȈȕȍ-
ȕȣȑ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ Ȑȏ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ǺȍȗȓȖȑ ȘȖȏȖȊȖȑ șȚȘțȍȑ
ȐȏȖ ȘȚȈ ȍȋȖ ȉȍȎȈȓȈ ȒȘȖȊȤ ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȉȣȓ ȘȈȕȍȕ șȔȍȘȚȍȓȤȕȖ
Ȑ ȏȈȌȣȝȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȈȋȖȕȐȐ
— DzȚȖ șȚȘȍȓȧȓ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȍȋȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȊȖȚ ȚȈȔ — ș ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȏȈȝȓȍȉȣȊȈȧșȤ ȒȘȖ-
ȊȤȦ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȘȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȔȈȝȕțȊ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȘțȒȖȑ
— Ǩȝ șȊȖȓȖȟȐ — ȏȈșȒȘȍȎȍȚȈȓ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖ ȏțȉȈȔȐ ǨȘȍȕ-
șȒȐȑ — ȗȖȗȈȌȐșȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȕȕȍ
ǸȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȌȖȎȐȊȈȓ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȕȧȓȐ ȍȋȖ ș ȒțșȚȈ Ȑ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓȐ ȕȈ ȏȍȔ-
ȓȦ ǸȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ șȓȈȉȖ ȗȘȖșȚȖȕȈȊ ȊȏȌȘȖȋȕțȓ Ȑ
ȊȣȚȧȕțȓșȧ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ Ȑ ȔțȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȍ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȖșȚȈ-
ȕȖȊȐȓȐșȤ ȉȍȏȎȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ
— ǵȈȔ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȚțȚ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ DzȈȒ Ȏȍ ȖȕȐ ȖȉȕȈȋȓȍ-
ȓȐ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȣ — ȚȐȝȖ Ȑ ȗȍȟȈȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
ǶȕȐ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐșȤ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ Ȋ țȒȈȏȈȕȕȖȔ ȘȈȕȍȕȣȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȍȕȐȐ DzȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȖȋȐȉȈȓȐ ȖȌȕț șȚȈȘțȦ țȎȍ ȗȖȌȋȕȐȊȠțȦ
ȉȍȘȍȏț Ȑȏ ȟȈȡȐ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȈ șȖȊșȍȔ ȉȓȐȏȒȖ ȋȘȖȝȕțȓ ȍȡȍ
ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȟțȚȤ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ Ȑ ȗȖȠȈȚȕțȓșȧ șȐȓȤȕȖ
ȗȖȉȓȍȌȕȍȊ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȐȓ Ȋ ȟȈȡț
— Ǫȣ ȘȈȕȍȕȣ — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ
— ǵȐȟȍȋȖ — ȗțșȚȧȒȐ ȥȚȖ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ ǵȍȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȈȧ ȞȈȘȈȗȐȕȈ Ȋ ȗȓȍȟȖ
ǬȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗțȓȧ ȗȘȖșȚȘȍȓȐȊ ȋȐȔȕȈșȚȍȘȒț ȟțȚȤ ȏȈ-
ȌȍȓȈ ȗȓȍȟȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȖȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ
Dz ȊȍȟȍȘț ȖȚȘȧȌ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ȉȣȓ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ ȕȖ ȕȍ ȝȊȈ-
ȚȈȓȖ ȊȖșȤȔȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ǷȖșȓȍ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȐȝ ȗȖȐșȒȖȊ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȈȑ-
Ȍȍȕȣ ȗȧȚȤ țȉȐȚȣȝ Ȋ ȘȈȏȕȣȝ ȔȍșȚȈȝ ȏȈ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȔ Ȉ ȚȘȖȍ ȘȈ-
ȕȍȕȣȝ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ șȈȔȐ

72
ǷȖȐșȒȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȍțȌȈȟȕȣ ǴȈȓȖ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȐȒȐ
țșȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓȐ ȕȖ ȖȕȐ ȍȡȍ ȊȌȖȉȈȊȖȒ țȉȐȓȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȚȈȒ
Ȟȍȕȕȣȝ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȓȦȌȍȑ ǶȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ Ȋ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ȏȈ-
șȍȓȖ ȕȍȔȈȓȖ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ǩȖȘȤȉȈ ȖȉȖșȚȘȧȓȈșȤ — ȉȈȕȌȐȚȣ ȕȈ-
ȋȓȍȓȐ
ǶȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ǷȈȊȓțȠȐ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ Ȗȗ-
ȘȈȊȌȈȓȐșȤ — ǼȍȌȤȒȈ Ȑ ǴȐȚȘȐȑ ȖȉȣșȒȈȓȐ ȊȍșȤ ȋȖȘȖȌ Ȑ ȕȍ
ȔȖȋȓȐ ȕȐȋȌȍ ȍȋȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ǵȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȋȖ Ȑ ȌȖȔȈ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȉȍș-
șȓȍȌȕȖ Ȑșȟȍȏ ǸȍȉȧȚȈ ȝȖȌȐȓȐ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕȕȣȍ Ȑ țȉȐȚȣȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȓȐȠȐȚȤșȧ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȓțȟȠȍȋȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;,9
©ǽǼǽǾǼǿǶȀdz Ǹ ȀdzǹdzȂǼǻȁ ǯdzǾDZǮª
ǷȈȊȍȓ Ȗȟȕțȓșȧ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ǪȕȈȟȈȓȍ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ,
ȟȚȖ șȚȖȐȚ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ Ȓ ȒȈȒȖȔț-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȚȖȓ-
ȉț ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȏȌȍșȤ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȣȘȖ Ȑ ȗȈȝȓȖ
ȋȕȐȓȤȦ ǵȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȉȣȓȖ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȚȐȝȖ ȌȈȎȍ Ȑ ȕȍ șȓȣȠ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȠȍȓȍșȚȈ ȚȖȗȖȓȍȑ
©ǫȌȍ Ȏȍ ȧ"ª — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȕ
ǸțȒȐ ȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȕȣ șȏȈȌȐ Ȓ ȒȈȒȖȔț-ȚȖ ȒȖȓȤ-
Ȟț — Ȗȕ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȖȍ ȗȘȐȒȖșȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȈ Ȓ
ȘțȒȍ ǵȖȋȐ ȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȐ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȣ Ȑ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț Ȗȕ ȐȔȐ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ
ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȤ ȋȌȍ Ȗȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ǵȖȋȈȔȐ ȕȈȡțȗȈȓ Ȗȕ ȒȈȒțȦ-
ȚȖ șȣȘțȦ șȚȍȕț ȗȖȓ ȉȣȓ ȚȖȎȍ șȣȘȖȑ ȒȈȔȍȕȕȣȑ ǵȖ ȚȤȔȈ
ȉȣȓȈ ȚȈȒ ȋțșȚȈ ȟȚȖ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȟȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȘțȌȕȖ
ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȔțȟȐȓȖ ǷȈȊȓȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ șȔȖȋ ȊȣȗȖȓ-
ȕȐȚȤ ȌȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȍȔț ȗȖȘțȟȍȕȐȧ ǭȔț ȘȐșȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ ȒȈȒ
ȍȋȖ ȌȊȈ ȓțȟȠȐȝ ȌȘțȋȈ ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ ȏȈȗȍȘȚȣȔȐ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ
©ǿȚȖ ș ȕȐȔȐ șȌȍȓȈȓȖșȤ" ǰ șȔȖȋțȚ ȓȐ ȖȕȐ ȖȚȚțȌȈ Ȋȣȉ-
ȘȈȚȤșȧ" ǫȓȈȊȕȖȍ Ȏȍ — ȕȐȒȚȖ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȕȐȒ-
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ȅȚȈ ȔȣșȓȤ ȔțȟȐȓȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȌȘțȋ ȊȏȌȘȖȋ-
ȕțȓ Ȉ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ" ǰȝ Ȏȍ Ȋșȍȝ ȖȚȘȈȊȧȚ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȌȐȒȖ
ȘȊȈȕțȓșȧ Ȑ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖ ȏȈșȚȖȕȈȓ ǪȍȘȍȊȒȈ ȚțȋȖ șȚȧȋȐȊȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ
ȘțȒȐ Ȑ ȒȖȓȤȞȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ
ǵȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȖȚȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ șȉȖȒț țȗȈȓȈ ȗȖȓȖșȈ ȧȘȒȖȋȖ șȊȍ-
ȚȈ Ȑ ȗȖȗȖȓȏȓȈ ȖȡțȗȤȦ ȗȖ șȚȍȕȍ ǹțȌȧ ȗȖ ȊȣșȚțȗȈȊȠȐȔ Ȑȏ
șȚȍȕȣ ȋȓȣȉȈȔ ȒȈȔȕȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȗȍ-
ȡȍȘȍ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȐȏȋȐȉȈ șȒȈȓȣ ȊȣșȚțȗȐȓ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ș ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒȐȔ ȜȖȕȈȘȍȔ Ȋ ȘțȒȍ ǷȖȒȈ șȓȖȑ șȊȍȚȈ
ȗȘȖȉȍȋȈȓ Ȑȏ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ țȋȓȈ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ Ȋ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȖșȔȈ-
ȚȘȐȊȈȓșȧ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȐȏțȟȈȧ ȍȍ ǫȌȍ Ȗȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ" ȅȚȖȑ
ȗȍȡȍȘȣ Ȗȕ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȝȖȚȧ ȏȕȈȓ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ
țȋȖȓȖȒ Ȋ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȏȐȓșȧ Ȓ ǷȈȊȓț ȖșȊȍȚȐȊ ȍȋȖ ȊșȍȋȖ șȊȍȚȖȔ
ȜȖȕȈȘȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȈȝ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ ȊȐșȍȓȖ ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȈȒȐȝ Ȏȍ ȜȖȕȈȘȍȑ ǷȈȊȍȓ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȗȍȘȍȌ șȖȉȖȑ Ȋȣ-
șȖȒȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ș ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȖȒȓȈȌȐșȚȖȑ ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ — ȚȖȋȖ șȈȔȖ-
ȋȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ș ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȉȈȠȕȐ Ȑ ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȑ țȍȝȈȓ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȕȈ ȓȖȌȒȍ ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ
— ǵț-ș ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ ȗȖȎȐȊȈȍȚȍ" — ȐȘȖȕȐ-
ȟȍșȒȐ șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȏȓȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ Ȑ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ
— ǵȍ ȝȖȚȐȚȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ" ǵț ȟȚȖ Ȏ ȗȖȒȈ ȊȈȠ ȘȈȏȋȖ-
ȊȖȘ ȕȈȔ ȕȍ ȕțȎȍȕ ǵȖ ȗȘȐȌȍȚ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȧ Țȍȉȧ ȟȍȘȚȍȕ-
ȒȈ ȏȈșȚȈȊȓȦ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ — țȎȍ ȋȘțȉȖ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊ-
șȒȐȑ
ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȔȐȕțȚț ȗȖșȚȖȧȓ ȗȍȘȍȌ ǷȈȊȓȖȔ Ȗ ȟȍȔ-ȚȖ
ȘȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȧ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȑ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȏȈ ȊȣșȚțȗȖȔ șȒȈ-
ȓȣ ǪșȓȍȌ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȗȖȉȍȎȈȓȈ Ȑ ȗȖȓȖșȈ șȊȍȚȈ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ǷȈȊȍȓ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȌȘȍȉȍȏȎȈȡȐȑ
șȓȈȉȣȑ ȏȊȖȕȖȒ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȈșȚȖȘȖȎȐȓșȧ Ȑ ȕȈȗȘȧȋ Ȋșȍ șȊȖȍ ȊȕȐ--
ȔȈȕȐȍ ǻșȓȣȠȈȓ Ȗȕ șȓȍȌțȦȡȍȍ
— ǷȖȗȘȖșȐȚȍ Ȓ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț ǩȍȘȋȈ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȧ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȊȖȏȖȉȕȖ-
ȊȐȓșȧ
ǷȈȊȍȓ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȒȈȒ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȖȚȌȈȊȈȓ ȒȖȔț-ȚȖ ȘȈșȗȖ-
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— ǵțȎȕȖ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȐȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ ȗȖȖȌȐȕȖȟȒȍ ǷȖ-
ȓȖȊȐȕȈ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȗțșȚȤ ȏȈșȧȌȍȚ Ȋ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ țșȐȓȤ-
Țȍ ȒȈȘȈțȓ ǷȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖ ǵȍ ȗȖȌȈȊȈȑȚȍ ȊȐȌȈ
ȔȈșșȖȊȣȔȐ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧȔȐ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȐȔȍȍȔ Ȟȍȓȣȑ ȖȚȘȧȌ
ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ șȕȈȉȎȍȕȕȣȝ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȔȐ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕ-
ȚȈȔȐ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȤȚȍ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌ — ȗțșȚȤ șȓȍȌȧȚ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȠȈȋȖȔ
ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ Ȑ ȌȖȕȖșȧȚ Ȗ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȧȡȍȔ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓșȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ țș-
ȓȣȠȈȓ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȑ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȠȖȘȖȝ ǹȊȍȚ ȗȖȋȈș Ȑ șȚȈȓȖ
ȚȐȝȖ
ǸțȒȐ ǷȈȊȓȈ șȐȓȤȕȖ șȚȧȕțȚȣȍ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȖȑ ȕȣȓȐ ǶȚ șȐȓȤ-
ȕȖȑ țșȚȈȓȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖȋȖ ȕȍȘȊȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ ǷȈ-
Ȋȍȓ ȗȘȐșȓȖȕȐȓșȧ Ȓ șȚȍȕȍ Ȑ ȏȈȉȣȓșȧ
ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȕȐȓ
Ƕȟȕțȓșȧ Ȗȕ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȑ Ȏȍ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȐȓȤȕȍȍ ȕȣȓȐ Șț-
ȒȐ ǽȖȚȤ Ȑ ȕȍțȌȖȉȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ șȗȈȚȤ șȚȖȧ ȕȖ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ șȖȕ ȕȍș-
ȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȖșȊȍȎȐȓ ȍȋȖ ǷȘȐȉȈȊȐȓȖșȤ șȐȓ Ȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȈ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȈ
ȓțȟȠȍ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȐșȒȈȓ Ȋșȍ șȗȖșȖȉȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȉȣ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤșȧ
©Ǩȝ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȧ ȕȍ ȉȣȓ șȊȧȏȈȕª — ȌțȔȈȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ DzȐ-
șȚȧȔȐ șȚȧȕțȚȣȝ ȘțȒ Ȗȕ ȖȡțȗȈȓ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȤȞȖ ǶȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȈșșȐȊȕȖȍ Ȑ ȋȓȈȌȒȖȍ Ȑ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȚȤ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȖȕȖ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȗȖȌȌȈȚȤșȧ țșȐȓȐȧȔ ǷȈȊȓȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ǪȌȘțȋ ǷȈ-
Ȋȍȓ ȕȈȡțȗȈȓ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș ȒȖȓȤȞȖȔ ȒȈȔȍȕȤ ȊȣșȚțȗȈȊȠȐȑ ȖșȚ-
ȘȣȔ ȒȖȕȞȖȔ ǹȚȈȊȠȐ ȉȖȒȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ǷȈ-
Ȋȍȓ ș ȘȈȌȖșȚȤȦ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȉȣȓȐ
șȊȧȏȈȕȣ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒȐ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȒȈșȈȓȈșȤ ȖșȚȘȐȧ ȒȈȔȕȧ ǵȈȊȍȓ
ȕȈȗȘȧȋȈȧ Ȋșȍ țșȐȓȐȧ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȍȘȍȚȐȘȈȚȤ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ǶȚ ȕȍțȌȖȉ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȘțȒȈ ǷȈȊȓȈ ȗȘȧȔȖ ȓȖȔȐȓȈșȤ ȖȚ ȉȖȓȐ Ǫȍ-
ȘȍȊȒȈ ȗȖȌȌȈȊȈȓȈșȤ ȗȓȖȝȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȣȉȐȊȈȓșȧ Ȑȏ șȐȓ ȖȚȌȣȝȈȓ
ȔȐȕțȚț Ȑ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓșȧ ȏȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț
ǽȖȚȤ Ȑ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ Ȉ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ
ȔȍȎȌț ȖșȚȘȐȍȔ ȒȈȔȕȧ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒȖȑ țȔȍȕȤȠȈȓȖșȤ ǪȍȘȍȊȒȈ
ȚȈȒ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȊȘȍȏȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒț ȟȚȖ ȒȈȔȍȕȤ țȎȍ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ
ȒȈșȈȓșȧ ȒȖȎȐ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒȐ Ȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȊȍȘȍȊȒȖȑ ȘȈȏȖȌȘȈȓ ȍȍ ȌȖ
ȒȘȖȊȐ ǵȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȓ ȕȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ ǭȋȖ ȘȈȌȖ-
ȊȈȓȖ ȟȚȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȘțȒȐ ȍȋȖ ȉțȌțȚ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȣ
Ȑ ș ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ ȘȊȍȕȐȍȔ Ȗȕ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓșȧ ȏȈ ȌȍȓȖ ǶșȚȈȊȈ-

75
ȓȖșȤ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȕȖ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ țșȐȓȐȍ ȒȈȒ ȊȌȘțȋ ǷȈȊȍȓ
țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȑ țȎȍ ȍȔț ȠțȘȠȈȡȐȑ ȏȊțȒ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȋȈȍ-
ȔȖȑ ȚȧȎȍșȚȐ Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȊȌȘțȋ ȊșȗȣȝȕțȊȠțȦ ȗȖȓȖșȒț șȊȍȚȈ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȘȐȕȧȓ ȗȘȍȎȕȍȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȏȈșȚȣȊ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ ǫȖ-
ȘȍȟȤ ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ țȗȘțȋȐȔ ȒȖȔȒȖȔ ȗȖȌȒȈȚȣȊȈȓȈșȤ Ȓ ȋȖȘȓț —
șȚȖȓȤȒȖ țșȐȓȐȑ ȗȘȖȗȈȓȖ ȌȈȘȖȔ
Ǫ ȗȍȡȍȘț ȊȖȠȓȐ ȌȊȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ǶȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ș ȟȍȘȕȖȑ
ȉȖȘȖȌȖȑ șȕȧȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȔȍȠȖȒ ș ȗȓȍȟȈ ǬȘțȋȖȑ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ Ȋ ȊȖȓȟȤȍȑ ȠȒțȘȍ ǷȈ-
Ȋȍȓ șȓȍȌȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȉțȌțȚ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȊȣȚȘȧȝȕțȓ
Ȑȏ ȔȍȠȒȈ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȕȖȠț ǷȘȐșȔȖȚȘȍȊȠȐșȤ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ǷȈȊȍȓ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒȖȋȖ-ȚȖ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈȔȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
ǹȊȍȚ ȖȚ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ țȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ ȖșȊȍȚȐȊ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȊșȍȋȖ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ — șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȍȔ ǻȒȖȔȈ — ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȔ ǪȈșȦȚȐ-
ȕȣȔ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;9
ǽǼǹǼǵǼǰ ǿdzǾDzǶȀǿȍ
— ȅȚȖ ȟȍȘȚ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ Ȉ ȕȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ — șȍȘȌȐȓșȧ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ
ȘȈșȝȈȎȐȊȈȧ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȕȖ ȗȖ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȈȊ-
ȓȍȕȕȣȝ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȐȔ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȖȔ —
ǵțȎȕȖ Ȏȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖșȚȖȓȖȗȖȔ ȒȈȒȐȔ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ
ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ǶȕȐ ȚȈȔ ȋȖȕȧȦȚșȧ ȏȈ ȗțșȚȧȒȈȔȐ Ȑ ȥȚȐȔ șȈȔȣȔ
ȔȖȋțȚ șȖȘȊȈȚȤ ȊșȦ ȘȈȉȖȚț ǪȖȏȧȚșȧ ȚȈȔ ș ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-ȚȖ ȔȈȓȤ-
ȟȐȠȒȈȔȐ Ȑ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȕțȎȕȣȔȐ ȕȈȔ ȓȦȌȤȔȐ ǵȈȟȐ-
ȕȈȦȚ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȍ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȋȖȘ-
șȚȖȟȒȐ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ — ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ șȓȍȌșȚȊȐȍȔ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȧȊȐȚȤșȧ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒȐ ȉȘȖșȧȚ ȚțȌȈ Ȟȍȓȣȍ ȗȖȓȒȐ
Ȑ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȕȈȠȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȗȘȖȗȈȓȖ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȚȖȋȌȈ șȈȔ ȟȍȘȚ ȕȍ șȗȘȈ-
ȊȐȚșȧ

76
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ șȍȓ Ȓ șȚȖȓț Ȑ ȊȚȖȘȐȟȕȖ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȟȐȚȈȚȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȕȖȍ ȐȔ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȌȖȕȍșȍȕȐȍ
ǿȍȘȕȖȍ țȋȘȍȊȈȚȖȍ ȓȐȞȖ șȐȌȍȊȠȍȍ ȚțȚ ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȖ șȓȍȌȐ-
ȓȖ ȏȈ ȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒȖȔ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȣȔ
— Ǫȣ ȧ ȌțȔȈȦ ȗȘȍțȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȍȚȍ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒ
— «ǷȘȍțȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȍȚȍª ©ȗȘȍțȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȍȚȍª — ȗȍȘȍȌȘȈȏ-
ȕȐȓ ȍȋȖ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ — Ȋȣ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǹȚȘȈȝȖȊ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ș ȒȍȔ
ȐȔȍȍȚȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȅȚȖ ȊȈȔ ȕȍ ȉțȚȣȓȒȐ ȠȈȔȗȈȕșȒȖȋȖ ș ȒȖȚȖȘȣ-
ȔȐ Ȋȣ ȚȈȒ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȔȖȎȍȚȍ șȗȘȈȊȓȧȚȤșȧ — ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒȐ ȊȘȈȋ
șȐȓȤȕȣȑ Ȑ Ȑȝ ȕȈȝȘȈȗȖȔ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȤȔȍȠȤ — ș ȕȐȔȐ ȕȈȌȖ Ȍȍȑ-
șȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȐșȗȖȌȚȐȠȒȈ Ȑ ȝȐȚȘȖșȚȤȦ
Ƕȕ ȏȈȔȖȓȟȈȓ șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȍȕȕȖ ȘȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȧ ȕȈȌ ȗȐșȤ-
ȔȖȔ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȘȍȠȐȊ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȊșȚȘȍȗȍȕțȓșȧ
— ǫȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ǹȚȘȈȝȖȊ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚȐȚȍ ǪȍȠȕȍȊȈ Ȑ
ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊȈ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȖȕȐ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȘȐȉȣȓȐ șȦȌȈ
— ǵȖ ȗȖȔȐȓțȑȚȍ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒ ȋȌȍ Ȏȍ Ȑȝ șȍȑȟȈș
ȕȈȑȚȐ" ǻȎȍ ȕȖȟȤ
— Ǫȣ șȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȍ ǩȖȓȤȠȍ Ȕȕȍ ș ȊȈȔȐ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȚȤ ȕȍ Ȗ ȟȍȔ ǿȚȖȉȣ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȖȕȐ ȏȌȍșȤ ȉȣȓȐ
— ǹȓțȠȈȦ-ș — ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȉȖȘȔȖȚȈȓ ǹȚȘȈȝȖȊ ȗȧ-
ȚȧșȤ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ
— DzȈȒȐȍ ȖșȚȖȓȖȗȣ ȒȈȒȐȍ ȖșȚȖȓȖȗȣ — ȗȘȖșȚȖȕȈȓ ǷȖ-
ȓȖȏȖȊ ȖȚȒȐȕțȊȠȐșȤ țșȚȈȓȖ ȕȈ șȗȐȕȒț ȘȍȏȕȖȋȖ ȒȘȍșȓȈ ȗȖșȓȍ
țȝȖȌȈ ǹȚȘȈȝȖȊȈ — ǹ ȕȐȔȐ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȣ țșȚȘȈȐȊȈȚȤ
ǺȘȧȗȒȐ Ȉ ȕȍ ȓȦȌȐ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȌȖșȚȈȓ Ȑȏ șȚȖȓȈ ȒȕȐȋț Ȑ ȓȍȕȐȊȖ ȗȍȘȍȓȐșȚȣȊȈȧ
ȍȍ ȗȘȐȕȧȓșȧ ȘȈșșȍȧȕȕȖ ȟȐȚȈȚȤ ǪȘȍȔȍȕȈȔȐ Ȗȕ ȖȚȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȓ
ȍȍ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȑ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓșȧ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤ ȓȍȎȈȊȠțȦ ȕȈ
șȚȖȓȍ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ șȝȍȔț Ȑ ȒȈȘȚț
DzȖȘȕȍȚ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȌȍȓȖȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȤ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȔ Ȑȏ ǵȈȘȒȖ-
ȔȈȚȖȊ Ȑ ȗȖȌȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊ — ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔț Ȋ șȖ-
ȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ȕȍ ȕȈȠȓȖșȤ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧȡȍȋȖ ȌȍȓȈ — ȧȊȐȓȐșȤ
ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȖȓȚȖȘȈ ȟȈșȈ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȖȜȐȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ șȍșȚȤ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ Ȑ ǯȍȕ-
ȟȐȒȖȊ ȕȍ țȌȐȊȐȓȐșȤ ȥȚȖȑ ȖȜȐȞȐȈȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȏȕȈȓȐ ǷȖ-
ȓȖȏȖȊȈ ȌȈȊȕȖ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȐȔȍȓ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȊȐȌ ȒȖȋȌȈ șȓț-
ȟȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖȍ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș ȖȕȐ ȚȘȍȊȖȎ-
ȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȋȓȧȕțȓȐșȤ ȔȍȎȌț șȖȉȖȑ

— ȇ ȊȈș ȗȘȐȋȓȈșȐȓ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȌȈȚȤ ȊȈȔ
ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȍȑȠȍȍ ȗȖȘțȟȍȕȐȍ ǶȚ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ ȍȋȖ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐ-
Țȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȏȈȊȐșȍȚȤ țșȗȍȝ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȝ Ȍȍȓ ǷȖȘțȟȍȕȐȍ
ȥȚȖ ȚȘȍȉțȍȚ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ǪȈȔ ȋȖșȗȖȌȐȕ Ǫȍ-
ȠȕȍȊ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȐȓȐ ȌȖȉȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȋȖȘȖȌ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȖȊȒȐ — ȓțȟȠȍ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ș ȠȐȘȖ-
ȒȐȔȐ ȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȐȧȔȐ Ȉ ȍșȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ țȌȈșȚșȧ ȚȖ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȖȚȗțșȒ
ȗȖ ȉȖȓȍȏȕȐ dzțȟȠȍ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȗȍȘȊȖȍ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȔȐȕțȚț ȗȖȔȖȓȟȈȓ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȊ
ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ
— Ǫ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȕȈȊȖȘȖȟȈȓ ȚȈȒȐȝ
Ȍȍȓ ȟȚȖ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚ ȘȈșȝȓȍȉȈȚȤ — ȥȚȖ
ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ Ȑ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȕȈȔ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ǷȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ Ȋȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ
șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍȌȍȓȐ ȕȈ ȌȊȍ-ȚȘȐ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȏȈȉȣȓ șȖ-
ȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ Ȗ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ — Ȋșȍ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ǵȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȍȌȐȕȐȟȕȣȝ Ȉ ȚȍȔ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȔȈșșȖ-
Ȋȣȝ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȑ ǵțȎȕȖ ȖȉȔȈȕțȚȤ ȥȚȐȝ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒȖȊ ȟȚȖ-
ȉȣ ȖȕȐ ȖșȓȈȉȐȓȐ șȊȖȦ ȉȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ǷȖȕȧȓȐ" ȅȚȖ ȖșȕȖȊ-
ȕȈȧ ȊȈȠȈ ȏȈȌȈȟȈ Ǫșȍ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȐȍ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ Ȋȣ ȉț-
ȌȍȚȍ ȗȖȓțȟȈȚȤ ȟȍȘȍȏ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȘȖȟȕȖȋȖ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ Ȍȕȧ
Ȋȣ țȎȍ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȚȤ Ȋ ȗțȚȐ

ǽǾǼȂdzǿǿǼǾ ǰǼǾǼȀȉǻǿǸǶǷ

79
DZșȎȐȎ ;;9,
Ƕȃ ǯȉǹǼ ȀǾǼdz
ǹ ȒȈȒȖȑ ȉȣ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȕȐ ȗȖȌȢȍȝȈȚȤ Ȓ ȋȖȘȖȌț ǯȈȋȖȘșȒț
ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ Ȕȣ ȗȖȗȈȌȍȔ Ȋ ȖȌȕț Ȑȏ șȓȖȉȖȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȒȈȒ
ȉȣ ȒȖȓȤȞȖȔ ȖȒȘțȎȈȦȚ șȈȔȣȑ ȋȖȘȖȌ
ȀȐȘȖȒȖ ȘȈșȒȐȕțȓȐșȤ ȥȚȐ șȓȖȉȖȌȣ — ȒȈȎȌȈȧ ȋȖȘȖȌț ȘȈȊ-
ȕȈ ǴȖșȚȖȊȣȝ ȕȍȚ țȓȐȞȣ șȗțȚȈȕȣ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȗȘȐȟțȌȓȐȊȣȑ
ȒȓțȉȖȒ
ǵȈșȍȓȍȕȣ șȓȖȉȖȌȣ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȒȘȈȑ ǹȓȖȉȖȎȈȕȍ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȦȚșȧ
ȒȚȖ ȟȍȔ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ șȈȌȖȊȖȌșȚȊȖȔ ȚȖȘȋȖȊȓȍȑ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȣȔȐ ȗȘȖ-
ȔȣșȓȈȔȐ ǴȕȖȋȖ Ȑ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȖȚ ȟțȎȖȋȖ ȌȖȉȘȈ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȈ-
ȏȣȊȈȦȚșȧ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȊȣȊȈȦȚ Ȑ ȕȖȎȍȊȖȑ ȘȈșȗȘȈȊȖȑ ȕȍ ȉȘȍȏȋțȦȚ
ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȊșȧȒȖȋȖ ȚȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ Ȋ șȓȖȉȖȌȍ ǿț-
ȎȖȑ ȓȍȎȈȡȍȑ Ȓ Ȧȋț ȖȚ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȈ
ǹȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȗȖȓȧ ȏȈȔȣȒȈȦȚ ȥȚț șȓȖȉȖȌț ȌȊȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ
ȓȍșȒȈ — DzȘțȋȓȣȑ Ȑ ǴȖȒȘȣȑ ȒȐȘȗȐȟȕȣȍ șȈȘȈȐ Ȑ ȉȍȋȖȊȖȑ Ȑȗ-
ȗȖȌȘȖȔ Ǩ ȔȍȎȌț ȒȐȘȗȐȟȕȣȔȐ șȈȘȈȧȔȐ Ȑ DzȘțȋȓȣȔ ȓȍșȒȖȔ
ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȈ ȕȈ ȉțȋȘȍ ȌȈȟȈ ǸȧȉȐȕȈ
Ǫ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚ ȥȚȖȑ ȌȈȟȐ ș ȖȒȕȈȔȐ ȏȈșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȔȐ
ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȣȔȐ șȚȈȊȕȧȔȐ ȖȉȐȚȣȔȐ ȕȍ ȚȖ ȒȓȍȍȕȒȖȑ ȕȍ ȚȖ șțȒ-
ȕȖȔ șȐȌȍȓȐ ȌȊȖȍ ȔțȎȟȐȕ Ȑ ȖȌȕȈ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ ǵȈ șȚȖȓȍ șȚȖȧ-
ȓȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȈȧ ȗȖȌșȓȍȗȖȊȈȚȈȧ Ȑ ȔȐȋȈȦȡȈȧ ȓȈȔȗȈ
ǹȐȌȍȊȠȐȍ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖ ȊșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȓȍȎȈȡțȦ ȗȍ-
ȘȍȌ ȕȐȔȐ ȕȈ șȚȖȓȍ ȒȈȘȚț Ȑ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȖȚ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȍȘȍȒȐȌȣȊȈ-
ȓȐșȤ ȔȍȎȌț șȖȉȖȑ ȖȚȘȣȊȐșȚȣȔȐ ȜȘȈȏȈȔȐ
— ǵȍ ȊȍȏȍȚ Ǫșȍ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȏȈȌțȔȣȊȈȍȔ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍ-
Ȕȧ — ȓȍȚȐȚ Ȓ ȟȍȘȚț
— DzȈȒ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐșȚȘȖȍȕȈ ȈȌșȒȈȧ ȔȈȠȐ-
ȕȈ Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȍȕȖ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȈȕȖ Ȉ Ȋ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ — ȕȖȓȤ
— ǭȓȍȕȈ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȓșȧ ȚȊȖȑ ȗȓȈȕ ș ȊȣȏȖȊȖȔ ȗȖ
ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ" ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȏȍ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊ ȗȖ-
ȗȈȌȈȦȡȐȑ ȕȈ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȠȈȋȖȊ Ȑȏ ȉȘȈțȕȐȕȋȈ Ȋ șȗȐȟȍȟȕțȦ
ȒȖȘȖȉȒț ȗȘȖȔȈȝȕțȓșȧ ȗȖ ȎȐȊȖȑ ȞȍȓȐ"

80
ǴȖȓȖȌȈȧ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ Ȓ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȉȣȓ ȖȉȘȈȡȍȕ ȊȖȗȘȖș Șȍȏ-
ȒȖ ȗȖȌȕȧȓȈșȤ șȖ șȚțȓȈ Ȑ ȖȚȉȘȖșȐȊ ȍȋȖ ȕȖȋȖȑ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȖȚ-
ȓȍȚȍȓ Ȋ țȋȖȓ ȗȖȘȣȊȐșȚȖ ȉȘȖșȐȓȈ
— ǵȍȚ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȔȈȝȕțȓșȧ ǿȍȒȐșȚț ȊȍȏȍȚ ȒȈȒ
țȚȖȗȓȍȕȕȐȒț — ȖȚȌȍȓȈȓșȧ ȗȘȖșȚȘȍȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȖȋȖȑ ǬȈȎȍ ȒȖșȚȤ
ȞȍȓȈ
— ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊ ȎȐȊ"
— ǵȈșȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȕȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ țȏȕȈȚȤ ȖȚ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȕȈȠȐȝ
ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȘȈȕȍȕ
— ǪȍȌȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȧ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȍȔț șȈȔȖȔț ȐȌȚȐ ȕȈ ȥȚȖ
ȘȐșȒȖȊȈȕȕȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ ǸȈȏȊȍ ȔȈȓȖ ț ȕȈș ȊșȧȒȖȋȖ ȊȖșȚȖȘȎȍȕȕȖȋȖ
ȥșȍȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ȉȈȘȈȝȓȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ Ȑ șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȗȖ-
șȣȓȈȚȤ" ǫȓȈȊȕȣȍ șȐȓȣ șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȉȍȘȍȟȤ ȌȖ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ
ȉȖȧ.
— ǬȈ ȎȈȓȤ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊȈ Ǫ ȍȋȖ ȓȐȞȍ Ȕȣ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓȐ ȊȍȓȐ-
ȒȖȓȍȗȕȖȋȖ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȚȖȘȈ Ȑ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȓțȟȠȐȝ ȉȖȍȊȐȒȖȊ ȕȈ-
Ƞȍȑ ȋȘțȗȗȣ
— ǺȖ ȟȚȖ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊ ȘȈȕȍȕ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȌȈȍȚ ȕȈȔ ȗȘȈȊȈ
ȕȣȚȤ Ȑ șȐȌȍȚȤ ȉȍȏ ȌȍȓȈ — ȘȍȏȒȖ ȉȘȖșȐȓȈ ǭȓȍȕȈ — ǷțșȚȤ
ȗȖȒȈ ȟȍȒȐșȚȣ ȓȍȟȈȚ ȍȋȖ — Ȕȣ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȉțȌȍȔ ȏȖȘȒȖ ȕȈȉ-
ȓȦȌȈȚȤ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȗȕ șȚȈȕȍȚ ȕȈ ȕȖȋȐ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ
ȉȍȏ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȋȖ ȚȘțȌȈ Ȕȣ țșȚȘȖȐȔ ȗȖȉȍȋ
— ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȔȕȐ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȟȍȔ
ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȣȔȐ Ȑ ȉȐȚȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȧȒȈ ǶȠȐȉȒȈ ȔȖȎȍȚ
șȚȖȐȚȤ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȕȈȔ ȊșȍȔ Ȑ ȗȖȋțȉȐȚȤ ȌȍȓȖ
— Ǩ Țȣ țȎȍ ȚȘțșȐȠȤ" ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȓ ȉȈȉțȠȒȍ Ȋ ǷȈȘȐȎ
ȏȈȝȖȚȍȓ"
— ǫȓțȗȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȋȓțȗȖ ǪȍȌȤ Țȣ-ȚȖ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ȟȚȖ Ȕȕȍ ȘȖȌ
ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȕȈșȟȐȚȣȊȈȍȚ ȗȖ ȒȘȈȑȕȍȑ ȔȍȘȍ ȠȍșȚȤ șȚȖȓȍȚȐȑ Ȕȕȍ,
ȊȓȈȌȍȓȤȞț ȐȔȍȕȐȑ Ȋ șȖȘȖȒ Țȣșȧȟ ȌȍșȧȚȐȕ ȖȚȖȉȘȈȕȕȖȋȖ Ȕț-
ȎȐȞȒȖȑ șȊȖȓȖȟȤȦ Ȕȕȍ ȖȚȍȞ Ȑ ȌȊȈ ȉȘȈȚȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȗȖȋȐȉȓȐ
ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș DzȈȓȍȌȐȕȣȔ Ȋ ǸȖșȚȖȊȍ — ȕȍȚ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ ȒȈȒ
șȔȍȘȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȉȖȘȤȉȈ ș ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȏȔȖȔ Ȑ ȍȋȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȕȐȒȈȔȐ
dzȦȉȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȌȈșȚ Ȕȕȍ ȋȘțȗȗȈ ©ª ȧ ȗȘȐȔț ȉȍȏ
ȖȋȖȊȖȘȖȒ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓ Ȑ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ
— ǵț ȕȍ ȊȖȓȕțȑșȧ Ǫșȍ Ȕȣ ȏȕȈȍȔ Țȍȉȧ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȇ ȗȖ-
ȠțȚȐȓȈ

— Ǩ șȒȈȎȐ ǭȓȍȕȈ ȖȚȒțȌȈ Țȣ ȏȊȖȕȐȓȈ Ȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊ-
șȒȖȔț" ǵȍ ȗȖȌșȓțȠȈȓ ȓȐ ȒȚȖ Țȍȉȧ"
— ǰȏ -ȋȖ șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ȖȉȡȍȎȐȚȐȧ ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȚȈȔ ȗȖȌ ȓȍ-
șȚȕȐȞȍȑ DzȘțȋȖȔ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍȚ Ǩ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȒȚȖ Ȑ țșȓȣȠȈȓ
ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ Ȓ ȟȍȔț ȗȘȐȌȘȈȚȤșȧ — ȉȘȈȚ Ȑ șȍșȚȘȈ ȗȖ Țȍȓȍ-
ȜȖȕț ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȦȚ
— ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ Ǵȣ Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ șȚȈȘȣȍ ȉȈȉȣ ȘȈȏ-
ȉȖȓȚȈȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȚȖȚ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ ț ȕȈș ȚȈȒ ȔȕȖȋȖ
șȘȖȟȕȖȑ ȕȍȖȚȓȖȎȕȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ǯȈ ȌȍȓȖ
ǹȒȓȖȕȐȓȐșȤ șȕȖȊȈ ȕȈȌ ȒȈȘȚȖȑ
— ǪȐȌȐȠȤ ȊȖȚ ȥȚȖȚ ȒȊȈȌȘȈȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȧ ȖȟȍȘȚȐȓ șȐȕȐȔ
ȒȈȘȈȕȌȈȠȖȔ? Ǫ ȥȚȖȔ ȘȈȑȖȕȍ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ț
ȕȈș Ȋ ȌȈȕȕȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȍȕȣ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ șȐȓȣ Ǫ
ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȕȣ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȔ țȌȈȘ Ȋ Țȣȓ ȖȌȕȖȔț Ȑȏ ȗȘȖȌ-
ȖȚȘȧȌȖȊ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȡȍȔț Ȋ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȍ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȍ ǵȈȠȐ șȐȓȣ ȗȖȑ-
ȌțȚ Ȋ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȍ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȊȖȕ ȚȖȋȖ ȓȍșȈ Ȑ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ
ǪȖȓȟȤȍȋȖ ȖȊȘȈȋȈ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȗȖȗȈȌțȚșȧ Ȋ ȒȓȍȡȐ Ȑ ȕȍ
țȑȌțȚ ȖȚ ȕȈș ǯȈȊȚȘȈ Ȋ ȖȉȍȌ ȧ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȦ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ Ȉ Țȣ
ǭȓȍȕȈ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȒȕȧȏȍȔ ȏȈȑȔȍȠȤșȧ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȍȑ ȗȖȉȍȋȈ
ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊȈ Ǩ ȗȖȒȈ — șȗȈȚȤ ǪȍȌȤ Ȕȣ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȌȊȍ ȕȖȟȐ ȕȍ
șȗȈȓȐ
— DzȕȧȏȤ ț ȊȈș ȕȍȚ ȒȖȒȈȐȕȈ" ȇ țȎȍ ȗȖȟȚȐ șțȚȒȐ ȕȍ ȕȦ-
ȝȈȓȈ ǹȍȑȟȈș ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȖșȖȉȖ ȖșȚȘȖȍ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȍ ȌȖșȚȈȚȤ ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ
ȖȌȐȕ ȋȘȈȔȔ
— ǭșȚȤ DzȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ȚȖ ȏȈȠȍȓ
Ȋ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȖȍ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȖ Ȉ ȚȈȔ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȌȖȉȘȈ ȝȖȚȤ ȗțȌȈȔȐ ȉȍ-
ȘȐ Ǫșȍ ȘȈȏȖȠȓȐșȤ ǰ, ȖȌțȘȔȈȕȍȕȕȣȍ ȒȖȒȈȐȕȖȔ ȖȕȐ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ
șȍȉȧ ȗȖȉȍȌȐȚȍȓȧȔȐ ȕȈȌ ©ȔțȎȐȟȤȍȔª șȕȖȊȈ ȎȐȊțȡȐȔȐ Ȋ
ȘȖȌȖȊȣȝ ȌȊȖȘȞȈȝ Ȑ ȐȔȍȕȐȧȝ
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DZșȎȐȎ ;;9,,
ǽǾǼȂdzǿǿǼǾ ǰǼǾǼȀȉǻǿǸǶǷ
ǵȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ǷȍȟȍȘșȒȈ ȘȈșȒȐȕțȓȈșȤ ȒȘȈșȐȊȈȧ ȌȈȟȕȈȧ Ȕȍ-
șȚȕȖșȚȤ DzȘȈșȕȖȊȖȌȤȍ
Ǫ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ șȈȔȣȝ ȒȘȈȑȕȐȝ ȌȈȟ șȚȖȧȡȍȑ Ȋ șȈȌț șȗțșȒȈȊ-
ȠȍȔșȧ Ȓ șȈȔȖȔț ǬȕȍȗȘț ȎȐȓȖ șȍȔȍȑșȚȊȖ ǪȖȘȖȚȣȕșȒȐȝ
ȖȚȍȞ Ȑ șȣȕ ǶȚȍȞ — șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ȝȐȔȐȐ Ȑ ȜȐȏȐȒȐ ȖȚ-
șȚȘȈȕȍȕȕȣȑ ȏȈ ȊȖȓȤȕȖȌțȔșȚȊȖ ȖȚ țȕȐȊȍȘșȐȚȍȚșȒȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
ȏȈȕȐȔȈȓșȧ ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-ȚȖ ȖȗȣȚȈȔȐ ȗȘȐȟȍȔ Ȗ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ șȊȖȐȝ
ȘȈȉȖȚ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȕȐȒȖȔț ȌȈȎȍ șȣȕț
ǹȘȈȏț Ȏȍ ȗȖșȓȍ ǶȒȚȧȉȘȤșȒȖȋȖ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚȈ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȘȖ-
ȜȍșșȖȘ șȚȈȓ ȕȈ șȚȖȘȖȕț șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐ ȏȈ ȟȚȖ ȏȈșȓțȎȐȓ
ȕȍȕȈȊȐșȚȤ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȝ șȓȖȍȊ ȚȈȒ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȔȖȑ ©ȐȕȚȍȓȓȐ-
ȋȍȕȞȐȐª ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȖȒȘȍșȚȐȓȈ ȍȋȖ ©ȊȈȕȌȈȓȖȔª ©ȗȍȘȍȉȍȎȟȐ-
ȒȖȔª Ȑ ȍȡȍ ȞȍȓȣȔ ȘȧȌȖȔ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȕȍ ȓȍșȚȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȏȊȐȡ ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȍ Ȓ șȓȖȊț șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȈȓȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ șȚȈȘȐȒȈ
ǭȋȖ șȣȕ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ 22-ȓȍȚȕȐȑ ȦȕȖȠȈ ȉȣȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȖȔ
ǷȍȟȍȘșȒȖȋȖ ȋȈȘȕȐȏȖȕȈ ǭȡȍ Ȋ  ȋȖȌț ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ ǪȖȘȖȚȣȕ-
șȒȐȑ ȉțȌțȟȐ ȗȘȈȗȖȘȡȐȒȖȔ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȗȖȓȒȖȊ ;,, ȈȘȔȐȐ
ȖȗȍȘȐȘȖȊȈȊȠȍȑ ȕȈ ǹȍȊȍȘȕȖȔ ȜȘȖȕȚȍ ȗȘȐȔȒȕțȓ Ȓ ȊȖȍȕȕȖȑ
ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐșȚșȒȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ǷȖȏȌȕȍȍ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȈ DzȍȘȍȕ-
șȒȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȖșȈȎȍȕ Ȋ dzȐȊȍȕșȒțȦ ȒȘȍȗȖșȚȤ ȏȈ ȖȚȒȈȏ ȐȌȚȐ
Ȋ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐșȚșȒțȦ ȈȋȐȚȈȞȐȦ ȗȘȐȟȍȔ ȍȔț
ȉȣȓ țȎȍ ȗȘȍȌȘȍȠȍȕ ȘȈșșȚȘȍȓ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȗȖȓȒ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ șȓț-
ȎȐȓ ǪȖȘȖȚȣȕșȒȐȑ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȓ ȍȋȖ ȌȖ șțȌȈ
ǪȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ DzȐȍȊ ȗȖșȓȍ ȌȊțȝ ȒȖȕȚțȏȐȑ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȔȍșȧȞȈ
ȌȊȈ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȧȓșȧ Ȑ ȖȚȌȖȝȕțȊ ș ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ țȠȍȓ Ȋ ȗȈȘȚȐȑȕțȦ
ȘȈȉȖȚț ȏȈȕȧȊȠȐșȤ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȗȖ ȗȖȘțȟȍȕȐȦ ǫțȉȘȍȊȒȖȔȈ
ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȍȑ ȊȖȐȕșȒȐȝ ȟȈșȚȍȑ Ȍȓȧ ȏȈȡȐȚȣ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ȖȚ ȕȈ-
ȗȐȘȈȊȠȐȝ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ șȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ ȉȈȕȌ
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Ǫ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ șȍȕȚȧȉȘȤșȒȐȝ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȊ ȖȚȍȞ Ȑ șȣȕ șȐȌȧ ț șȚȖ-
ȓȈ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ȊȣȝȖȌȧȡȍȑ ȖȒȕȈȔȐ Ȋ șȈȌ Ȗ ȟȍȔ-
ȚȖ ȌȘțȎȍșȒȐ șȗȖȘȐȓȐ
— ǶȚȍȞ ȗȖȑȔȐ Ȏȍ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȚȈȒ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕ-
ȕȖ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ ǷȖșȔȖȚȘȐ ȕȈ șȍȉȧ ȊȍȌȤ Țȣ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȕȍ-
ȟȚȖ ȕȍȊȍșȖȔȖȍ — ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȍȠȤ Ȉ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȠȤ ȕȖȟȈ-
ȔȐ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȧșȤ ȖȚ șȕȈ
— ǵȍȚ ǹȍȘȍȎȈ Țȣ ȕȍ ȗȘȈȊ ȇ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦ șȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ
ȕțȎȕȖ Ȑ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȦȚ ȔȖȐ șȓȈȉȣȍ șȐȓȣ ǪșȦ șȊȖȦ
ȎȐȏȕȤ ȧ ȗȖșȊȧȚȐȓ ȐȏțȟȍȕȐȦ ȝȐȔȐȐ Ȑ ȜȐȏȐȒȐ ǰ ȊȖȚ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ,
ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȕȕȍ ȗȖȠȍȓ șȍȌȤȔȖȑ ȌȍșȧȚȖȒ ȧ ș ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤȦ ȔȖȋț șȒȈ-
ȏȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓ ȕȍ ȌȈȘȖȔ ǪȍȌȤ Țȣ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ǹȍȘȍȎȈ ȟȚȖ ȧ
ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ Ȑ ȕȐȒȖȔț ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗ șȊȖȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȝ ȇ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ
ȖȚȌȈȊȈȚȤ Ȑȝ ǾȈȘȦ ȉțȘȎțȈȏȐȐ ȐȉȖ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ țȗȖȚȘȍȉȧȚ
ȔȖȐ ȌȖșȚȐȎȍȕȐȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȖ ȏȓȖ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȏȍ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȊȖșșȚȈȊ-
ȠȐȑ ȕȈȘȖȌ ȖȚșȚȈȐȊȈȍȚ șȊȖȐ ȏȈȊȖȍȊȈȕȐȧ ȖȚșȚȈȐȊȈȍȚ șȊȖȍ
ȏȈȒȖȕȕȖȍ ȗȘȈȊȖ șȚȘȖȐȚ ȘȈȉȖȟȍ-ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕșȒȖȍ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȖ ȧ
ȖȚȌȈȦ ȥȚȖȔț ȕȈȘȖȌț ȟȈșȚȐȞȍȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ șȍȉȧ ȟțȊșȚȊțȦ Ȋșȍ
ȔȖȐ ȏȕȈȕȐȧ ǻ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍȚ ȚȈȑȕ ȖȚ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȕȍȚ ȚȈȑȕ ȖȚ
ȘȊțȡȍȋȖșȧ Ȓ șȊȖȉȖȌȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ
— ǵȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț Ȏȍ ȖȚȍȞ Țȣ ȌȈȎȍ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȕȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ
Ȗ șȊȖȐȝ ȌȖșȚȐȎȍȕȐȧȝ"
— ȇ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȊȖȏȉțȎȌȈȚȤ ȓȖȎȕȣȝ ȕȈȌȍȎȌ ȇ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȕȈ Șȧ-
Ȍȍ ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ șȊȖȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȥȚȐ ȖȗȣȚȣ ȗȘȖ-
ȌȍȓȈȕȣ Ȑ ȧ șȔȍȓȖ ȔȖȋț ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ Ǻȣ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ șȓȣȠȈȓ Ȗ
©ȋȖȓțȉȣȝ ȓțȟȈȝª ȐȓȐ, ȐȕȈȟȍ, ©ȓțȟȈȝ țȎȈșȈª ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȝ ȗȖȓȤ-
șȒȐȔ ȐȕȎȍȕȍȘȖȔ ǬȦșșȍ Ƕȉ ȥȚȐȝ ȓțȟȈȝ ȗȐșȈȓȖșȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȕȖ Ȋ șȈȔȖȑ ȚțȔȈȕȕȖȑ ȜȖȘȔȍ ǿțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ șȈȔ ȐȏȖ-
ȉȘȍȚȈȚȍȓȤ ȟȍȋȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍ ȌȖȌȍȓȈȓ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȡȍ
ȕȍȧșȕȣȔ Ǵȕȍ ȓȐȟȕȖ ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ Ȑ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȓȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȘȈȏȌțȚȖ șȈȔȐȔ Ȏȍ ǬȦșșȍ Ȋ Ȟȍȓȧȝ șȗȍȒțȓȧȞȐȐ ǭșȓȐ Ȑ ȔȖȎ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȕȣȔ ǬȦșșȍ ȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȌȈȓ
ȚȖȓȟȖȒ Ȍȓȧ ȘȈȉȖȚ Ȋ ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȐȏțȟȍȕȐȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ ȞȍȓȖȔț
ȘȧȌț ȓȐȞ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȐșȓȍ Ȑ Ȕȕȍ
ǰ ȊȖȚ ȧ ȊȣȋȕȈȕȕȣȑ Ȑȏ DzȐȍȊșȒȖȋȖ țȕȐȊȍȘșȐȚȍȚȈ șȚȈȘȣȑ
ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ȝȐȔȐȐ ǪȖȘȖȚȣȕșȒȐȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ șȈȔȣȔ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȐȔ
ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȥȚȐȝ ©ȋȖȓțȉȣȝ ȓțȟȍȑª Ȑ Ȑȝ ȖșȕȖȊ-
ȕȣȍ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈ Ǻȣ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȏȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșțȍȠȤșȧ șȒȈȏȈȕȕȣȔ Ȑ

84
ȏȈȝȖȟȍȠȤ ȖȉȢȧșȕȍȕȐȧ ǹȓțȠȈȑ Ȏȍ
ǹ ȥȚȐȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȕȍȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȔț ȕȍșȋȖȘȈȍȔȖȔț ȠȒȈȜț șȚȖȧȡȍȔț Ȋ țȋȓț ȖȒȖȓȖ ȒȕȐȎ-
ȕȖȋȖ șȚȖȓȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȍȋȖ Ȑ Ȋȣȕțȓ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȔȍȚȈȓ-
ȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȧȡȐȟȍȒ Ȑ ȚȖȓșȚȣȑ ȗȍȘȋȈȔȍȕȚȕȣȑ ȗȈȒȍȚ ș ȒȈȒȐ-
ȔȐ-ȚȖ ȉțȔȈȋȈȔȐ ǪșȒȘȣȊ ȗȈȒȍȚ șȚȈȘȐȒ Ȋȣȕțȓ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȘ-
ȚȍȎȍȑ Ȑ ȗȘȐȒȘȍȗȐȓ Ȑȝ ȒȕȖȗȒȈȔȐ Ȓ șȚȖȓț
DZșȎȐȎ ;;9,,,
©ǽǾǶǰdzȀ ǼȀ DzȌǿǿdzª
— ǹȍȘȍȎȈ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ ȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȔȖȐȝ ȖȉȢȧșȕȍȕȐȑ ȧ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ
Țȍȉȧ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȖȚ ȥȚȐ ȟȍȘȚȍȎȐ — Ȗȕ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓ ȕȈ
șȚȖȓ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊșȚțȗȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȐȏȖ-
ȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȧ ȇ șȗȘȧȚȈȓ ȟȍȘȚȍȎȐ — ȔȖȏȋ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȉȖȘȈ — Ȋ
ȘȈȏȕȣȝ ȔȍșȚȈȝ ǿȍȋȖ ȧ ȉȖȧȓșȧ" ǷȖȔȕȐȠȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȉȖȓȍȍ
ȋȖȌȈ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ Ȋ ȊȈȘȠȈȊșȒȖȑ ȋȈȏȍȚȍ ©ǸȈȉȖȚȕȐȟȍ șȓȖȊȖª
ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȈ ȏȈȔȍȚȒȈ șȖȖȉȡȈȦȡȈȧ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ©ȟȚȖ șȚȈȘȣȑ
ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ǪȖȘȖȚȣȕșȒȐȑ ȗȍȘȍȠȍȌȠȐȑ Ȓ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȈȔ Ȑ
ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȡȐȑ ȒȖȔȐșșȈȘȖȔ ǿDz șȌȍȓȈȓ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȍ ȐȔȍȦȡȍȍ
ȔȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȡȍȋȖ ș ȘȈȉȖȚȈȔȐ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ țȟȍȕȖȋȖ ǬȦșșȍª
DzȈȒ ȖȕȐ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȕȈȗȈșȚȤ ȕȈ șȓȍȌ — ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȋț ǻ Ȕȍ-
ȕȧ ȖșȚȈȍȚșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȕȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ — ȗȘȖȠȓȣȔ ȓȍȚȖȔ
ȧ ȌȍȓȈȓ ȌȖȒȓȈȌ Ȋ ȊȖȍȕȕȖ-ȕȈțȟȕȖȔ ȒȘțȎȒȍ Ȑ ȚȈȔ șȓȍȋȒȈ ȒȈ-
șȈȧșȤ ȕȖȊȣȝ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȑ Ȋ ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȜȐȏȐȒȐ ȝȐȔȐȐ Ȑ ȔȍȝȈȕȐ-
ȒȐ Ȑ Ȋ ȟȈșȚȕȖșȚȐ ȘȈȉȖȚ ǬȦșșȍ ȧ Ȋȕȍș ȗȘȈȊȌȈ, ȖȟȍȕȤ ȉȍȋȓȖ
ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȕȐȧ Ȓ ȥȚȐȔ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȔ
ǺȈȒ ȊȖȚ, ȥȚȈ ȏȈȔȍȚȒȈ Ȑ ȏȈșȚȈȊȐȓȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȘȧȌ ȔȍȘ
ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȐȉȖ ȧ ȉȖȧȓșȧ ȟȚȖ ȒȖȍ-ȒȚȖ ȏȈȝȖȟȍȚ ȖȚȚț-
ȌȈ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȗȖȓȤșȒȖȑ ȋȘȈȕȐȞȣ ȚȍȔȐ ȐȓȐ ȐȕȣȔȐ șȗȖșȖȉȈȔȐ
ȗȖȏȕȈȒȖȔȐȚȤșȧ ȗȖȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȍȑ ș ȔȖȐȔ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȍȔ
ǹȍȘȍȎȈ ȍșȓȐ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȟȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ șȓțȟȐȚșȧ ȚȖ ȏȕȈȑ — ǪȖ-
ȘȖȚȣȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȕȐȏȐȓ ȋȖȓȖș ȌȖ ȍȓȍ șȓȣȠȕȖȋȖ ȠȍȗȖȚȈ — ȟȚȖ

85
ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȟȍȘȚȍȎȐ Ȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ șȗȘȧȚȈȕȣ Ȋ ȚȘȍȝ Ȕȍ-
șȚȈȝ Ȋ ȒȈȔȍȕȕȖȔ ȚȈȑȕȐȒȍ țșȚȘȖȍȕȕȖȔ ȗȖȌ ȗȧȚȖȑ ȗȖ șȟȍȚț
ȧȉȓȖȕȍȑ Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȔ șȈȌț Ȋ ȕȖȎȒȍ ȔȖȍȑ ȒȘȖȊȈȚȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȖȚ-
ȊȐȕȟȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȗȘȐ ȕȈȎȈȚȐȐ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȑ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȋȖ-
ȓȖȊȒȐ ȕȈ ȊȕțȚȘȍȕȕȍȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȍ Ȉ șȈȔȣȍ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȍ Ȑ ȘȍȠȈȦ-
ȡȐȍ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ Ȓ ȔȖȍȔț ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȦ șȗȘȧȚȈȕȣ — Ȗȕ Ȋȏȧȓ ȓȐșȚ
ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ȑ ȕȈȗȐșȈȓ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȓȖȊ — ǷȘȖȟȚȧ ȥȚȐ șȓȖȊȈ Țȣ
ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ țȓȣȉȕȍȠȤșȧ ǹȍȘȍȎȈ ȕȖ
dzȍȋȒȐȑ ȏȊȖȕ ȖȒȖȕȕȖȋȖ șȚȍȒȓȈ ȕȈȘțȠȐȓ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖȍ
ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ǹȍȘȋȍȧ Ƕȕ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȖȉȍȘȕțȓșȧ — Ȋ șȚȍȒȓȍ ȉȣȓȈ
ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȈȧ ȌȣȘȖȟȒȈ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȗȘȖȉȐȚȈȧ ȠȐȓȖȔ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȖȚȍȞ — ȖȉȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȗȕ Ȓ șȚȖȓț
ǵȖ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ țȎȍ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ șȒȈ-
ȏȈȚȤ — ȒȘȖȊȤ Ȑȏ ȒȘȖȠȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȧ ȏȈ țȝȖȔ ȚȖȕȒȖȑ șȚȘțȍȑ
șȉȍȋȈȓȈ ȕȈ șȚȖȓ ȖșȚȈȊȓȧȧ ȧȘȒȖ-ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ șȓȍȌȣ ȕȈ ȗȍȘȋȈȔȍȕȚ-
ȕȖȑ ȉțȔȈȋȍ
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȖȚȞț ȗȖȌȕȧȓ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖȊț Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ
ȗțȓȧ ȐȓȐ ȚȖ ȟȍȔ ȉȣȓ țȉȐȚ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȍȞ ȗȘȖȉȐȓȈ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈȊȣ-
ȓȍȚ ǷȖȌȕȧȊ ȚȍȓȖ ȕȈ ȘțȒȐ Ȗȕ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ ȍȋȖ ȕȈ
ȒȘȖȊȈȚȤ Ȑ șȚȈȊ ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ Ȗȕ șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȊȣȚȐȘȈȚȤ ȒȘȖȊȤ
ș ȓȐȞȈ ȕȈȋȕțȓșȧ Ȑ ȕȍȎȕȖ ȗȖȞȍȓȖȊȈȓ țȎȍ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȡȐȑ ȝȖ-
ȓȖȌȍȚȤ ȓȖȉ
— ǷȘȖȡȈȑ ȔȖȑ ȘȖȌȕȖȑ ȗȖȔȕȐ ȟȚȖ ȚȊȖȑ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȊȣȗȖȓ-
ȕȐȚ ȚȊȖȑ ȏȈȊȍȚ
ǹȕȖȊȈ ȏȊȖȕ ȘȈȏȉȐȚȖȋȖ ȖȒȖȕȕȖȋȖ șȚȍȒȓȈ Ȑ șȖ șȚȍȕȣ ȔȍȕȤ-
Ƞȍ ȟȍȔ ȕȈ ȊȍȘȠȖȒ ȕȈȌ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ ǹȍȘȋȍȧ, ȗȖșȣȗȈȓȈșȤ ȠȚțȒȈ-
ȚțȘȒȈ
ǷȖȟȚȐ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȧ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓ Ȋ șȈȌȐȒ Ȑ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌțȚȘȍȕȕȐȝ șț-
ȔȍȘȒȈȝ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȗȍȘȍȌ șȖȉȖȑ ȚȍȕȤ țȉȍȋȈȦȡțȦ Ȋ șȚȖ-
ȘȖȕț ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ Ƕȕ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ șȓȍȌȖȔ ȕȖ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȊ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ
ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ ȕȈȏȈȌ ȗȖȌțȔȈȊ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ț șȚȘȍȓȧȊȠȍȋȖ ȔȖȋțȚ
ȉȣȚȤ șȖȖȉȡȕȐȒȐ
ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȌȖȔ ǪȉȍȎȈȊ Ȗȕ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȖȚȞț ȚȖȚ țȎȍ ȗȖȝȖ-
ȓȖȌȍȊȠȐȑ ș ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȔȐ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȕȈ ȒȘȖȊȈ-
ȚȐ ǶȉȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ șȚȖȓț Ȗȕ șȘȈȏț ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ
ȉȣȓȐ ȋȘȈȉȐȚȍȓȐ — ȒȖȕȊȍȘȚ ș ȟȍȘȚȍȎȈȔȐ Ȑ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ
ȧȡȐȟȍȒ ȐșȟȍȏȓȐ ȖȒȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈșȒȘȣȚȖ

86
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ Ȋȣȓȍȏ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ Ȑ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȒȖȓȖ șȈȘȈȑȟȐȒȈ Ȋ
țȋȓț șȈȌȈ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȒȖȗȖȠȐȚșȧ ǪȣȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȕȈȋȈȕ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȗȖșȓȈȓ
ȚȘȐ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȈ ȗȖȌȘȧȌ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ
ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȈ ǶȚ șȚȍȕȣ șȈȘȈȑȟȐȒȈ ȖȚȌȍȓȐȓșȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȑ ȗȘȧ-
ȟȈșȤ ȏȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔȐ ȗȖȉȍȎȈȓ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ǬȕȍȗȘț ǹȍȘ-
ȋȍȑ ȏȈȉȣȊ Ȋșȍ ȉȍȎȈȓ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ Ȑ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȧ ȟȚȖ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ
șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȉȍȘȍȋ ȗțȓȐ
ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȉȍȘȍȋ ǹȓȍȊȈ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȒțșȚȖȊ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘ-
ȕȣȑ șȚțȒ ȔȖȚȖȘȈ ǩȍȎȈȊȠȐȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȋ Țț șȚȖȘȖȕț ȊșȒȖ-
ȟȐȓ Ȋ șȚȖȧȊȠțȦ ȕȈȋȖȚȖȊȍ ȔȖȚȖȘȕțȦ ȓȖȌȒț Ȑ ȚȈ ȘȍȏȒȐȔȐ
ȉȘȖșȒȈȔȐ ȊșȗȍȕȐȊȈȧ ȊȖȌț ȊȣȕȍșȓȈșȤ ȕȈ șȘȍȌȐȕț ǬȕȍȗȘȈ
— ǷȘȐȊȍȚ ȖȚ ǬȦșșȍ — ȌȖȕȍșȓȖșȤ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȓȖȌȒȐ ȌȖ
ǹȍȘȋȍȧ
— ǻȊȐȌȐȔșȧ ǰ șȒȖȘȍȑ ȟȍȔ Țȣ ȌțȔȈȍȠȤ ȗȈȕșȒȈȧ șȖȉȈȒȈ!
— ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ Ȑ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȏȈȠȈȋȈȓ ȌȖȔȖȑ
ǰȏ ȌȖȔȈ Ȗȕ ȗȖȏȊȖȕȐȓ Ȋ ǿDz șȖȖȉȡȐȊ Ȗ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȐ ȗȖȓȤ-
șȒȐȝ ȠȗȐȖȕȖȊ Ȑ șȔȍȘȚȐ ȖȚȞȈ ǷȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȑ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȖ ȖȗȍȘȈ-
ȚȐȊȕȣȑ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȕȈȠȍȓ ȗȘȐȔȧȚțȦ ȚȘȈȊț ȗȖȌ ȖȒȕȖȔ ȖȉȓȖȔȈȕ-
ȕȣȍ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȌȍȘȍȊȈ șȓȍȌȣ ȖȚ șȚȖȧȊȠȍȑ ț ȉȍȘȍȋȈ ȓȖȌȒȐ Ȑ Ȕȧȋ-
ȒțȦ ș ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔȐ ȗȖȓȧȔȐ Ƞȓȧȗț ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ
ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȐȒȖȊ ȗȘȐ ȗȖșȗȍȠȕȖȔ ȉȍȋșȚȊȍ
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ ȊșȦ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȧ ș ©ȋȖȓțȉȣȝ ȓț-
ȟȍȑª Ȑ ȒȖȕȟȈȧ țȉȐȑșȚȊȖȔ ȖȚȞȈ Ȑ ȗȖȋȖȕȍȑ ȏȈ țȉȐȑȞȈȔȐ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȖșȔȖȚȘȈ ȟȈșȚȤ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ Ȋ DzȐȍȊ țȊȖȏȧ ȕȈ
ȈȊȚȖȔȖȉȐȓȍ ȚȘțȗ șȚȈȘȖȋȖ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ ȗȘȐȒȘȣȚȣȑ ȒȘȈșȕȣȔ
ȜȓȈȋȖȔ Ȉ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȍ ǪȖȘȖ-
ȚȣȕșȒȖȋȖ
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ țșȗȖȒȖȐȊȠȐșȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȏȈȕȧȓșȧ ȖșȔȖȚȘȖȔ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚȣ Ƕȕ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȕȍșȋȖȘȈȍȔȖȔț ȠȒȈȜț ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ Ȋșȍ ȍȡȍ
ȉȣȓ ȖȚȒȘȣȚ Ȑ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȓ ȊȕțȚȘȤ — Ȋșȍ ȗȖȓȒȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȗțșȚȣ
ǯȈȒȘȣȊ ȠȒȈȜ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ șȚȖȓț Ȑ ȗȖȗȘȈȊȓȧȧ șȗțșȚȐȊ-
ȠțȦșȧ ș ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȉȖȒȈ șȒȈȚȍȘȚȤ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȖȒȖȓȖ șȚțȓȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤ--
ȠȖȑ ȒțșȖȟȍȒ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ǷȖȌȕȧȊ ȍȋȖ Ȗȕ țȏȕȈȓ ȗȖȟȍȘȒ ȖȚȞȈ ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȑ ȊșȍȋȖ ȏȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ ȌȖ șȔȍȘȚȐ ȕȈȉȘȖșȈȓ ȕȈ
ȥȚȖȔ ȒȓȖȟȒȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȚȘȖȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȒȓȦ-
ȟȖȔ Ȓ ȚȈȑȕȍ ȍȋȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȧ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ șȚȈȘȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȘȈȏȋȓȈ-
ȌȐȓ ȉțȔȈȎȒț Ȑ ȗȘȖȟȍȓ

87
«ʑ˒˓˃˅ˑ ˛ˈ˔˕˟ˇˈ˔ˢ˕Ǥ ʒˑ˓˄˃˕˞ˌ ˍ˃ˏˈː˟Ǥ ʞ˓ˢˏˑ ͵ ˘ ͶǤ ʢˇˑ˚-
ˍ˃ ͒ ͵Ǥ ʞˑˎˑ˅ˋː˃ ˆ˓˖ˇˋǤ ʙ˓ˡ˚ˑˍǤ ʕˈˎˈˊː˃ˢ ˓˞˄˃Ǥ ʓˈ˓ˉˋ ˍ˓ˈ˒-
˚ˈǽǤ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;,;
ǻdzǿǸǼǹȊǸǼ ȅdzǾǻȉȃ ǰǼǹǼǿ
— ȅȚȖȔț Ȋ ȒȖȕȞȍ ȒȖȕȞȖȊ ȕȈȌȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȒȖȕȍȞ ǪșȦ
ȗȘȖȌȒȈȔȗȈȕȐȦ ȗȖ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȖȔț țȍȏȌț șȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȥȚȖȚ ȉȈȕ-
ȌȐȚ Ƕȕ ȟțȚȤ ȓȐ ȕȍ ȟțȊșȚȊțȍȚ șȍȉȧ ȗȖȓȕȣȔ ȝȖȏȧȐȕȖȔ Ȋ ȕȈȐ-
ȉȖȓȍȍ ȝȓȍȉȕȖȔ ȘȈȑȖȕȍ Ȋ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȒȈȒ ț ȕȈș DzȘȈșȕȈȧ ȈȘȔȐȧ
ȌȖȘȖȎȐȚ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȜțȕȚȖȔ ȏȍȘȕȈ
— ǪȖ-ȗȍȘȊȣȝ ȕȍ ȊȖȓȕțȑșȧ Ȉ ȊȖ-ȊȚȖȘȣȝ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȎȍ ȒȈȒ
ȏȈȊȚȘȈ țȚȘȖȔ Ȕȣ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȍȔ Ȋ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȔ ȕȈȔȍ-
ȟȍȕȕțȦ ȗȍȘȍȋȘțȗȗȐȘȖȊȒț șȐȓ Ȑ țȌȈȘȐȔ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȞȍȊ ȗȘȧ-
ȔȖ Ȋ ȓȖȉ ȇ țȎȍ Ȑ ȖȚȌȈȓ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ ȊȖȍȕȕȖ-șȓȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ
ȉȣȚȤ ȋȖȚȖȊȖȑ Ȓ ȖȚȢȍȏȌț ǪȍȌȤ Țȣ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȠȤ-
șȧ Ȓ ȕȈȔ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧșȤ Ȓ ȋțȉȊȖȍȕ-
ȒȖȔț ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊț ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȕȖ ȠȈȋȈȊȠȍȔț ȗȖ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚț
— ǿȚȖ ȏȈ ȊȖȗȘȖș"! dzȍȚȍȚȤ ȋȖȚȖȊ ș ȊȈȔȐ Ȉ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȍȝȈȚȤ
— Ǩ ȘȈȏ ȚȈȒ ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȕȤ ȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȚȤșȧ Ȑ ȐȌȐ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊ-
ȓȧȑșȧ Ȓ ȖȚȢȍȏȌț ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐ ț șȍȉȧ Ȋ ǫțȉ-
ȊȖȍȕȒȖȔȈȚȍ ȒțȌȈ Ȑ ș ȒȍȔ ȍȌȍȠȤ Ȉ ȚȖ ȊȍȌȤ ț Țȍȉȧ ȚȈȔ «șȗȍȞȣ»
ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȘțȒȐ șȐȌȧȚ ǹȖ șȊȖȍȑ Ȏȍ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȧ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȓ
ǫțȉȊȖȍȕȒȖȔ ȠȐȜȘȖȊȒȖȑ Ȗ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȈȝ ȊȣȍȏȌȈ Ȑ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ
ȕȍ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȓ
— ǪȖȓȖȌȧ ȗȖȏȊȖȕȐ-ȒȈ Țȣ ȌȍȎțȘȕȖȔț Ȉ ȧ ȍȔț ȗȍȘȍȌȈȔ
ȏȈȗȐșȒț ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȗȕ ȖȚȕȍș ȍȍ Ȋ ǫțȉȊȖȍȕȒȖȔȈȚ Ǫ ȏȈȗȐșȒȍ ȧ șȖ-
Ȗȉȡț ȟȚȖ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȦ ȗȖ ȥȒșȚȘȍȕȕȖȔț ȊȣȏȖȊț Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț
— dzȈȌȕȖ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ Ȑ ȊȣȑȌȧ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȤ
ȗȖȏȊȈȓ — ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȑ ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ ȥȚȖ Țȣ ȌȖȘȖȋȖȑ ȕȈ
ȌȍȎțȘșȚȊȍ ȏȈșȕțȓ" ǪȍȌȤ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȧ Țȍȉȧ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȑ ȗȖȌ ȈȘȍșȚ ȖȚ-

88
ȌȈȔ ǬȈ ȟȚȖ Țȣ ȗȤȧȕ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ ȐȓȐ ȒȖȘȖȊȈ ȧȏȣȒ ț Țȍȉȧ ȖȚȎȍ-
ȊȈȓȈ"
ǵȖ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ țȗȖȘȕȖ ȔȖȓȟȈȚȤ
— ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ ȐȌȐ șȒȖȘȍȑ șȦȌȈ — ȊȌȘțȋ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȕȖ
ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ
ǺȖȚ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȧ, Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ Ȑ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ
ȗȖȓț ȓȍȎȐȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȒȖȎȈȕȒȍ Ȉ ȕȈȌ ȕȐȔ șȒȓȖȕȐȓșȧ ǨȓȍȒ-
șȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ
ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ ȉȓȐȎȍ Ȑ ȚțȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ șȐȕȍȍ,
ȘȈșȗțȝȠȍȍ Ȑ ȐșȒȈȎȍȕȕȖȍ ȋȘȐȔȈșȖȑ țȎȈșȈ ȓȐȞȖ ȓȍȎȈȡȍȋȖ
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖ ȊșȍȔ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȈȔ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȌțȠȍȕ dzȐȞȖ ȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȐșȒȈȎȍȕȖ ȕȍȗȍȘȍȌȈȊȈȍȔȖȑ ȋȘȐȔȈșȖȑ țȎȈșȕȖ
— ǪȖȓȖȌȧ șȔȖȚȘȐ, ȟȚȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȈ Ƞȍȍ ǪȍȌȤ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ șȓȍȌȣ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȐȝ ȘțȒ ȥȚȖ ȧȊșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ șȓȍȌȣ ȓȈȗȣ ȒȈȒȖȋȖ-ȚȖ
ȝȐȡȕȖȋȖ ȏȊȍȘȧ ș ȖȚȚȖȟȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȒȖȋȚȧȔȐ
— ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦ — ȗȘȖȉȖȘȔȖȚȈȓ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ǨȓȍȒ-
șȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ — ǪȍȌȤ ȕȍ ȊȖȌȧȚșȧ Ȏȍ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ ȌȐȒȐȍ ȏȊȍ-
ȘȐ ȓȈȗȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȣ ȟȍȘȕȣȔȐ ȊȖȓȖșȈȔȐ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ
ȊȐȌȐȠȤ ȕȈ Ƞȍȍ ȗȘȐșȚȈȓȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȖȓȖșȒȖȊ"
ǩȣșȚȘȖ șȉȍȎȈȓ ȊȕȐȏ ǵȈȘțȎȕȣȑ ȟȈșȖȊȖȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȖȗȍȘ-
ȠȐșȤ ȕȈ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒț șȚȖȧȓ ț ȌȊȍȘȐ
— ǪȣȝȖȌȐȓ ȒȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȏȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȟȈș"
— ǵȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ
— Ǻȣ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ ȗȖȔȕȐȠȤ"
— ǵț ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ Ȏȍ ȗȖȔȕȦ ȟȚȖ ȕȐ ȍȌȐȕȈȧ ȎȐȊȈȧ ȌțȠȈ ȏȈ
ȥȚȖȚ ȗȍȘȐȖȌ ȕȍ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȓȈ Ȑȏ ȏȌȈȕȐȧ Ǩ ȘȈȏȊȍ ȟȚȖ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ"
— ǪȖșȒȖȊ ȏȈȌțȠȍȕ șȈȔȣȔ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ — ȖȚ-
ȊȍȚȐȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȗȖȉȍȎȈȊ Ȓ șȍȉȍ Ȋ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ
ǹȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȉȣȓ ȊȣȏȊȈȕ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ȘȧȌ ȖȚ-
ȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȒȖȕȟȐȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȚț
ȕȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ țȏȕȈȚȤ ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȕȐ
ȒȘȐȒȖȊ ȕȐ ȠțȔȈ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ
— ǹȒȈȎȐ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ ȟȚȖ Țȣ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȊȝȖȌȐȓ ȒȖ
Ȕȕȍ? ǵȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȓȐ ȊȖȏȓȍ ȏȌȈȕȐȧ ȒȖȋȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȐȓȐ ȟȍȋȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ"
— ǵȍȚ țȓȐȞȈ ȉȣȓȈ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȗțșȚȈ
— ǵț Ȉ ȒȖȋȌȈ Țȣ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ ȟȚȖ Țȣ țȊȐȌȍȓ" DzȈȒ
Ȋȍȓ șȍȉȧ ȟȈșȖȊȖȑ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȌȍȓȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ" ǵȍ ȉȣȓ ȓȐ Ȗȕ

89
ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕ șȔțȡȍȕ" ǵȍ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȓșȧ ȓȐ Ȗȕ Ȓ Țȍȉȍ ș ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-
ȓȐȉȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșȈȔȐ"
— ǿȈșȖȊȖȑ ȉȣȓ Ȋȍșȍȓ ȧ ș ȕȐȔ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ șȗȘȖ-
șȐȓ Ȗ ȚȊȖȍȔ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȤȍ ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȟȈșȖȊȖȑ ȟțȊșȚ-
ȊȖȊȈȓ șȍȉȧ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ șȊȐȌȍȚȍȓȤșȚȊțȍȚ ȚȖȚ ȜȈȒȚ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ Țȣ ȥȚȖ,
ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ șȓȣȠȈȓ Ȑ șȈȔ ȗȖȚȐȝȖȕȤȒț ȗȘȖ șȍȉȧ ȕȈȗȍȊȈȓ
— ǵț ȚȈȒ Ȋ ȟȍȔ Ȏȍ ȌȍȓȖ" ǪȍȌȤ Țȣ Ȏȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȍȠȤ ȕȈ-
ȒȖȕȍȞ ȟȚȖ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ȊȣȝȖȌ Ȑȏ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȟȍȘȚȖȊȈ ȒȘțȋȈ ǪȍȌȤ
ȕȍ ȌȤȧȊȖȓ Ȏȍ ȋțȓȧȍȚ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȐ ǫǿDz ǪȍȌȤ ȥȚȖ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚ-
ȕȖȍ ȕȈ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȊȏȋȓȧȌ țȉȐȑșȚȊȖ ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȐȔȍȚȤ șȈȔțȦ Șȍ-
ȈȓȤȕțȦ ȘȈȏȋȈȌȒț
— ǵȍ șȗȍȠȐ Ȋșȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȘȈșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȖ ǷȖȑȌȍȔ Ȑ ȖșȔȖ-
ȚȘȐȔ ȌȈȓȤȕȐȍ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ȊȍȘȝȕȍȋȖ ȥȚȈȎȈ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ-
ȦȚ ȚȊȖȐ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȐ
ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ Ȑ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȗȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ Dzț-
ȌȘȐȟȈ ȗȘȖȠȓȐ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȊȍșȤ șȓȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘ — ȊșȦȌț
ȉȣȓȖ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ǶșȚȈȊȈȓșȧ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȈ șȍȒ-
ȘȍȚȕȖ-ȖȗȍȘȈȞȐȖȕȕȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ
— ǯȈȑȌȍȔ-ȒȈ Ȓ ȕȍȔț — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ — Ȗȕ ȗȈȘȍȕȤ
ȉȣȊȈȓȣȑ — ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȖșȖȊȍȚțȍȚ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȊȖȠȓȐ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȚȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ǴȐȚȐȕ
șȒȓȖȕȐȊȠȐșȤ ȕȐȏȒȖ ȕȈȌ șȚȖȓȖȔ Ȑ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȊ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈ ȘțȒȐ
ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȌȘȍȔȈȓ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǴȐȚȐȕ — ȖȒȓȐȒȕțȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ
ǴȖȓȟȈȕȐȍ
ǶȉȖȠȍȓ ȒȘțȋȖȔ Ȑ ȗȖȚȘȧș șȗȧȡȍȋȖ ȏȈ ȗȓȍȟȐ ǫȖȓȖȊȈ ǴȐ-
ȚȐȕȈ ȕȍȓȖȊȒȖ ȒȈȟȕțȓȈșȤ ȖȚȒȐȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈȏȈȌ ȚțȓȖȊȐȡȍ ȕȈ-
ȟȈȓȖ șȗȖȓȏȈȚȤ șȖ șȚțȓȈ Ȑ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȌȠȐȍ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȑ Ȗȕ
ȏȈȌțȠȍȕ ȚȍȔȐ Ȏȍ ȏȊȍȘȐȕȣȔȐ ȓȈȗȈȔȐ ǺȈ Ȏȍ ȋȘȐȔȈșȈ țȎȈșȈ
ȕȈ ȓȐȞȍ
ǵȈ șȚȖȓȍ Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ ǶȒȕȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȗȍȘȚȣ
ǰ șȕȖȊȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȘȕȣȝ ȊȖȓȖșȒȖȊ ȕȈ Ƞȍȍ țȉȐȚȖȋȖ

90
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;
ǰ ǿȀǮǻdz ǸǼǹdzǿǻǶǸǼǰǮ
Ǫ șȍȔȤ ȟȈșȖȊ țȚȘȈ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȌȍȕȤ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ǵȈ-
ȝȖȌȞȍȊ ȚȘȐ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȈ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȐ ȖȚȌȍȓȈ Ȑ ȌȊȈ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȝ
șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȧ șȐȌȍȓȐ țȎȍ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖșȒȘȐȗȣȊȈȓ Ȑ
ȊȏȌȘȈȋȐȊȈȧ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȓșȧ ȟȍȘȍȗȈȠȤȐȔ ȠȈȋȖȔ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǯȈ-
ȘȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȒțȌȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȉȣȓ ȟȍȘȍȏ șțȚȒȐ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȊȣȓȍȏȓȐ Ȑȏ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȒȈȒ Ȓ ȕȐȔ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ
ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȗȈȘȍȕȤ Ȋ ȒȖȎȈȕȒȍ ș ȒȖȉțȘȖȑ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ ȕȈ ȉȖȒț
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ"
—ǨȊȣȒȚȖ"
— ȇ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȘȈȏȊȍȌȒȐ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ șȚȖȧȡȍȋȖ Ȋ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȔ
Ǵȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȔ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȣȔ ȊȣȍȝȈȚȤ ȊȈȔ
ȕȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ǪȖȚ ȔȖȑ ȔȈȕȌȈȚ
— ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ț ȊȈș ȓȦȌȍȑ"
— ǬȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
— ǫȌȍ ȖȕȐ"
— ǯȌȍșȤ ȕȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ
— ǵț ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ ȍșȓȐ ȊȈȠȐ ȓȦȌȐ ȖȚȌȖȝȕțȓȐ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȖȚ-
ȗȘȈȊȓȧȚȤșȧ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȗȖȓȟȈșȈ ȖȚȘȧȌ Ȋ ȌȍȊȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ
șȖ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȊȍȘȝȖȔ ǿȈșȈȔ Ȓ ȌȊțȔ ȉȣȓȐ Ȋ ȕȍȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȍ DzȖȕȍȊȒȍ ȋȌȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȍȠȍȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȕȖȟȍȊȈȚȤ ȚȈȒ
ȒȈȒ ȌȖ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ȍȡȍ ȊȍȘșȚ șȖȘȖȒ Ȉ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ șȐȓȤ-
ȕȖ ȗȘȐțȚȖȔȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȏȈșȊȍȚȓȖ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȕȍ șțȔȍȓ ȉȣ ȌȖȍȝȈȚȤ
ǵȖȟȤȦ Ȏȍ ȍȝȈȚȤ ȗȖ ȉȈȕȌȐȚșȒȖȔț ȘȈȑȖȕț ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȞȍȓȍșȖ-
ȖȉȘȈȏȕȖ
***
— ǹȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ ȒțȔ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȉțȔȈȋȈ ȕȈ ȗȓȍȚȕȍ ȊȐșȐȚ ǹȖ-
ȘȊȈȚȤ, ȟȚȖ ȓȐ"

91
— ǵȍ ȚȘȖȕȤ Ȉ ȚȖ Țȍ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȚȈȒ șȕȐȔȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȗȖșȓȍ
ȋȖȓȖȊȣ șȊȖȍȑ ȕȍ ȕȈȑȌȍȠȤ ǷȖȔȕȐȠȤ ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ ȚȘȍȚȤȍȋȖ Ȍȕȧ
ȉȈȉȒț ǨȋȈȜȖȕȖȊȕț ȕȈȋȈȑȒȖȑ ȗȖȓȖșȖȊȈȓ ȏȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȚȈȒțȦ
Ȏȍ ȉțȔȈȋț ȕȈ ȞȐȋȈȘȒȐ ȌȍȌț șȊȖȍȔț șȖȘȊȈȓȈ ǰ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ Ȋ
șȐȕȧȒȈȝ ȝȖȌȐȚ
— ǬȈ Ȕȕȍ ȟȚȖ ȗțșȚȤ ȊȐșȐȚ ǷȖȑȌȍȔ ȌȈ ȓțȟȠȍ ȗȖȟȐȚȈȍȔ
ȟȍȋȖ Ȗȕ ȚȈȔ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ
ʞʟʗʙʏʖ
ʞˑ ˒ˑ˅˔˕˃ː˔ˍˑˌ ˇˋ˅ˋˊˋˋ ʹͺ ːˑˢ˄˓ˢ ͳͻʹͲ ˆǤ
͒ͺǤ
ȚͳǤ
ʞ˓ˋˍ˃ˊ˞˅˃ˡ ˅˔ˈˏ ˍˑˏ˃ːˇˋ˓˃ˏ ˒ˑˎˍˑ˅ ͳǡ ʹǡ ͵ǡ Ͷ ˋ ͷ ˈˉˈ-
ˇːˈ˅ːˑ ˍ ͸ ˚˃˔ˑ˅ ˖˕˓˃ ˇˑ˔˕˃˅ˎˢ˕˟ ˔˅ˈˇˈːˋˢ ˅ ˆˎ˃˅ː˞ˌ ʧ˕˃˄
ˇˋ˅ˋˊˋˋ ˔ ˅˃˛ˋ˘ ˖˚˃˔˕ˍˑ˅ ˋ ˒ˑˎː˖ˡ ˘˃˓˃ˍ˕ˈ˓ˋ˔˕ˋˍ˖ ˑ ˒˓ˑ-
˕ˋ˅ːˋˍˈǤ
§ʹǤ
ʙ˓ˑˏˈ ˔ˈˆˑǡ ˅ˏˈːˢˡ ˅ ˑ˄ˢˊ˃ːːˑ˔˕˟ ˍˑˏ˃ːˇˋ˓ˑ˅ ˒ˑˎˍˑ˅ǡ
˕˜˃˕ˈˎ˟ː˃ˢ ˄ˇˋ˕ˈˎ˟ːˑ˔˕˟ ˊ˃ ˒˓ˑ˕ˋ˅ːˋˍˑˏ ˋ ˒˖˜˃˕˟ ˕ˈ˔ː˖ˡ
˃ˆˋ˕˃˙ˋˡǡ ˊ˃ ˚˕ˑ ˏ˞ ˄˟ˈˏ˔ˢ ˋ ˒˓ˑ˕ˋ˅ ˍˑˆˑ ˅ˈˇˈˏ ˅ˑˌː˖ ˋ ˈˉˈ-
ˇːˈ˅ːˑ ˅˞˔˞ˎ˃˕˟ ˅ ˛˕˃˄ ˍˑːː˖ˡ ˔˅ˢˊ˟Ǥ
ʙˑˏ˃ːˇ˖ˡ˜ˋˌ ˅˔ˈˏˋ ˅ˑˑ˓˖ˉˈːː˞ˏˋ ˔ˋˎ˃ˏˋ
ʗǤ ʙˑˎˈ˔ːˋˍˑ˅
ʜ˃˚˃ˎ˟ːˋˍ ʒˎ˃˅ːˑˆˑ ˛˕˃˄˃ ȋ˒ˑˇ˒ˋ˔˟Ȍ
ʠ ˒ˑˇˎˋːː˞ˏ ˅ˈ˓ːˑ ˃ˇ˝ˡ˕˃ː˕ ȋ˒ˑˇ˒ˋ˔˟Ȍ

— Ǩ ȋȌȍ șȍȑȟȈș șȈȔ ǰȊȈȕ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ"
— ǫȌȍ ȍȔț ȉȣȚȤ ǹȖ ȠȚȈȉȖȔ ț ǰȋȕȈȚȍȕȒȖ ȕȖȟțȍȚ ǪȟȍȘȈ
ȗȍȘȍȗȐȓȐșȤ Ȋșȍ Ȑ ȌȈȊȈȑ ș ȕȈȋȈȑȒȈȔȐ ȏȈ ȌȍȊȒȈȔȐ ȋȖȕȧȚȤșȧ
ǴȖȧ ȍȓȍ țȠȓȈ
— ǯȕȈȍȠȤ ȟȚȖ ȒțȔ ȍȎȍȓȐ ȗȖȘȈȏȖȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȚȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐ-
ȒȖȊ-ȚȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȏȈ ȉȈȘ șȚȖȐȚ Ȑ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕ ȘȈȏȖȘȧȍȚ ǷȖȌțȔȈȑ
șȈȔ ȖȉȢȧȊȐȓ ȔȖȉȐȓȐȏȈȞȐȦ ȓȖȠȈȌȍȑ ȗȖȊȖȏȖȒ ȉȍȘȍȚ ȝȓȍȉ
ȎȐȊȕȖșȚȤ ș ȉȈȉȈȔȐ Ȑ ȌȍȊȒȈȔȐ ȖȝȈȓȤȕȐȟȈȍȚ șȚȈȘȐȒȖȊ ȏȈ ȉȖ-
ȘȖȌȣ ȘȊȍȚ ȍȎȍȓȐ ȍȔț ȒȚȖ Ȋ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȗȘȈȊȌț șȒȈȎȍȚ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȉț-
ȔȈȋȐ ȗȐȠȍȚ ȗȘȖ ǩȖȋȈ ȌȈ ȗȘȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȣ ȕȈȘȖȌ
ȋȘȈȉȧȚ ǵȈ șȍȉȧ ȉȣ ȟȍȘȚ ȚȖȓșȚȣȑ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ DzȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȣ
ȍȎȍȓȐ șȍȑȟȈș ȝȓȍȉ Ȍȓȧ ȊȖȑȕȣ Ȑ ȉȍȘțȚ ȚȈȒ ȖȕȐ ȏȈȚȖ ȊșȦ ȏȍȔ-
ȓȦ ȖȚ ȉȈȘ ȖȚȕȧȓȐ Ȑ ȕȈȘȖȌț ȍȍ ȖȚȌȈȓȐ Ȉ ȕȍ șȍȉȍ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ
— Ǩ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ Ȗ ǩȖȋȍ-ȚȖ"
— ǬȈ ȊȖȚ, ȗȖ ȝȈȚȈȔ ȗȘȐȏȊȈȕȐȍ ȘȈȏȕȖșȐȓȐ ȗȖ ȗȖȓȗțȌț
ȔțȒȐ ȏȈ ȕȍȋȖ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓȐ
— Ǫȏȧȓ"
— Ǩ Țȣ ȒȈȒ ȌțȔȈȍȠȤ" ǷȖȗȘȖȉțȑ-ȒȈ ȖȚȒȈȎȐșȤ Ǩ ȘȈȏȊȍ ț
Țȍȉȧ-ȚȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȐ"
— ǵȍȚ ȍȡȍ.
— ǵȍȉȖșȤ Ȑ Ȓ Țȍȉȍ ȗȘȐȌțȚ ȕȍ ȖȉȐȌȧȚ
ǷȖȓțȟȐȊȠȐȑ ©ȗȘȐȏȊȈȕȐȍª Ȋȣȕțȓ ȍȋȖ Ȑȏ ȒȐșȍȚȈ ș ȚȈȉȈ-
ȒȖȔ ȘȈȏȋȓȈȌȐȓ Ȑ șȚȈȓ ȟȐȚȈȚȤ
Ǫ ©ȗȘȐȏȊȈȕȐȐª ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȗȓȍȚȍȕȖ șȚȖȓȤȒȖ ©ȉȖȎȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖ-
ȋȖª ȟȚȖ șȓțȠȈȦȡȐȑ ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȓ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓ
— ȅȒȈ Ȗȕ ȘȈșȗȐșȈȓșȧ
— ǬȈ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ Ȗȕ ȅȚȖ ǼȍȌȤȒȈ ǹȚȘȐȋțȕ ǿȈȑ, ȗȖȔȕȐȠȤ șȣ-
ȕȈ ȏȈȘȍȟȍȕșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖȗȈ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ ȖȉțȟȈȓșȧ Ƕȕ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ț
ȕȍȋȖ ȏȈ ȈȌȢȦȚȈȕȚȈ Ȑ ȊșȧȒțȦ ȈȋȐȚȈȞȐȦ ȗȖșȘȍȌȐ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȗț-
ȡȈȍȚ
— ȀȠ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ ©ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȍȓȐª ȕȈȠȐ Ȑȏ ȝȈȚ ȊȣȓȈȏȐȚȤ
ȕȈȟȈȓȐ ǵț Ȑȝ ȒțȌȣ ȗȖȌȈȓȤȠȍ Ǩ ȚȖ ȍȡȍ ȖȗȧȚȤ Ȓ ȟȍȔț-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
ȗȘȐȊȧȎțȚșȧ
— ǩțȌȤ ȏȌȖȘȖȊ ȒțȔ

ǽǾȉǴǼǸ ǿǺdzǾȀǶ

94
DZșȎȐȎ;;;,
©ǼǿǰǼǯǼDzǶȀdzǹǶª
ǰȏ ȝȈȚ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȖȌȐȕȖȟȒȈȔȐ Ȉ ȏȈȚȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȟȈȡȍ Ȑ ȟȈȡȍ
ȕȈȟȐȕȈȦȚ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȚȈȘȈȒȈȕȣ Ȑȏ ȡȍȓȍȑ ȊȣȓȍȏȈȚȤ ©ȖșȊȖȉȖ-
ȌȐȚȍȓȐª ǴȈȚȍȘȕȈȧ ȘțȋȈȕȤ ȝȓȍșȚȒȖ ȕȍșȍȚșȧ ȕȈȌ ȓȈșȒȖȊȣȔȐ
ȗȖȓȧȔȐ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȋȘȧȏȕȐȚ ȟțȌȍșȕȖȍ Ȗșȍȕȕȍȍ țȚȘȖ
ǷȘȖșȕțȓșȧ Ȑ ©ȚȖȓșȚȣȑ ȟȍȘȚª — șȈȔ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȐȓȐ
©ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȝ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȟȍșȒȐȝ șȐȓª ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ șȈȔ șȍȉȧ
ȖȒȘȍșȚȐȓ ǹ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȈȒ ȊȣȗȐȚȖ ȟȚȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ȌȖ
șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȗȘȐȑȚȐ Ȋ șȍȉȧ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȟțȚȤ ȓȐ ȕȍ ȏȈ ȕȖȋȐ șȚȈ-
ȡȐȓȐ ș ȒȘȖȊȈȚȐ ǪȣȗțȟȐȊ ȋȓȈȏȈ Ȗȕ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȧ
șȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȕȈ ȖȒȘțȎȈȦȡȐȝ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȖȗȍȓ
ǷȖȌȖȠȍȓ ǰȋȕȈȚȍȕȒȖ ș ȒȈȒȐȔ-ȚȖ ȔȖȓȖȌȣȔ ȗȈȘȕȍȔ
— ǬȖȏȖȘȕȣȑ Ȓ Țȍȉȍ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ ǫȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ
ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȒȘȍȗȒȐȑ ȒțȓȈȒ șȖȉȐȘȈȦȚ Ȑ Ȓ ȟȍȔț-ȚȖ ȋȖȚȖȊȧȚșȧ
— dzȈȌȕȖ ȘȈȏȉȍȘț — ȗȘȖȝȘȐȗȍȓ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ — ǹȖȉȍȘȐ
Ȋșȍȝ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȖȊ ȌȖȒȓȈȌ ȗȖȘțȟȐȒȈ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȖȟȐȚȈȍȔ Ȑ
ȉȖȍȊȖȑ ȗȓȈȕ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȔ ǪȖȚ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȠȤ ȒȈȒ ȧ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ
ȗȘȖțȟț
ǰȋȕȈȚȍȕȒȖ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑ ȗȖșȓȈȓ ȌȍȎțȘȕȖȋȖ șȖȉȐȘȈȚȤ ȒȖȔȈȕ-
ȌȐȘȖȊ
ǪȖȍȕȕȈȧ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ
șȗțȚȈȕȈ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȕȈ ȉțȔȈȋȍ ȖȕȈ ȕȖșȐȓȈ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȐȍ ©ȗȖȊșȚȈȕ-
ȟȍșȒȖȑ ȌȐȊȐȏȐȐª ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȧȓȈșȤ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȗȖȓȒȈ ș
șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȔ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȕȈ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȣ Ȑ ȘȖȚȣ ǿȐș-
ȓȐȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȌȐȊȐȏȐȐ ȈȘȚȐȓȓȍȘȐȧ Ȑ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚȣ DzȈșȈȧșȤ șȖșȚȈ-
ȊȈ ȥȚȐȝ ȗȖȓȒȖȊ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȚȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȝțȌȠȍȋȖ șȉȘȖȌȈ
ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȌȈȎȍ ț ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ țȒȘȈȐȕșȒȐȝ ©ȉȈȚȍȒª
ǻ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȍșȤȔȈ șȖȓȐȌȕȖȍ țȋȖȓȖȊȕȖȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȖȍ
ǷȖȕȧȚȐȍ Ȗ ȌȐșȞȐȗȓȐȕȍ ț ȥȚȖȋȖ șȉȘȖȌȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȍșȤȔȈ ȖȚȕȖșȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȓȈ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȗȖ-
ȋȘȈȉȐȚȤ ȖȕȐ ȊȖȖȌțȠȍȊȓȧȓȐșȤ ©ȓȦȉȖȊȤȦ Ȓ ǸȖȌȐȕȍª ǩȖȓȤ-
Ƞȍȑ Ȏȍ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȖȕȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȝȘȈȉȘȣ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ ȌȈ ȍȡȍ

95
Ȋ ȚȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȈ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑȞȈ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ
ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ ȌȍșȧȚȐ ©ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȞȍȊª
ǷȖșȚȍȗȍȕȕȖ ©ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȐ Ȑ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȣª șȖȉȘȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ șȈȌ
ȗȘȐ ȌȖȔȍ ǰȋȕȈȚȍȕȒȖ ǷȘȐȠȍȓ Ȑ ȏȈȘȍȟȍȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȗ ǪȈșȐȓȐȑ
ȇȊȐȓșȧ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓȖșȤ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ǯȈșȓțȠȈȓȐ șȖ-
ȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȐșȈȓ Ȗ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȝ ȖȗȍȘȈȞȐȧȝ
Ȋ ȘȈȑȖȕȍ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ Ȗ ȊȏȧȚȐȐ Ȋ ȗȓȍȕ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐ-
ȕȈ Ȗ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȍ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ǪȘȍȔȍȕȕȣȍ ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ ȒȘȈș-
ȕȣȝ ȚȖȓȒȖȊȈȓȐșȤ ȒȈȒ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȗȖȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȅȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧ-
ȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȚȈȒ ȊȖȖȌțȠȍȊȐȓȖ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȞȍȊ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȗȖșȚȈȕȖ-
ȊȐȓȐ ȌȈȚȤ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȉȖȑ Ȑ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ȋȖȘȖȌ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ
ǵȈȟȈȓȐ ȗȐșȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ
«ʑˑ ˋˏˢ ʟˑˇˋː˞ ː˃˛ˈˌǡ ˢǡ ː˃˚˃ˎ˟ːˋˍ ˆˎ˃˅ː˞˘ ˒ˑ˅˔˕˃ː-
˚ˈ˔ˍˋ˘ ˔ˋˎ ʙˑˎˈ˔ːˋˍˑ˅ǡ ˒˓ˋˍ˃ˊ˞˅˃ˡǣ
ͳǤ ʙˑˏ˃ːˇˋ˓˖ ͳ-ˆˑ ˒ˈ˘ˑ˕ːˑˆˑ ˒ˑ˅˔˕˃ː˚ˈ˔ˍˑˆˑ ˒ˑˎˍ˃ ˅ˊˢ˕˟
˅˔ˈ ˔˅ˑˋ ˅ˑˑ˓˖ˉˈːː˞ˈ ˔ˋˎ˞ǡ ˑ˔˕˃˅ˋ˅ ː˃ ˏˈ˔˕ˈ ˑˇː˖ ˍˑˏˈː-
ˇ˃ː˕˔ˍ˖ˡ ˓ˑ˕˖ ˒˓ˋ ˑˇːˑˏ ˒˖ˎˈˏˈ˕ˈǡ ˇ˅ˋː˖˕˟˔ˢ ˒ˑ ː˃˒˓˃˅ˎˈ-
ːˋˡ ˔˕Ǥ ʙˑːˇ˓˃˕ˑ˅ˍ˃ ˚ˈ˓ˈˊ ˔ˎǤ ʦˈ˓ːˑ˅ˍ˖ ˅ ͳͳ ˚˃˔ ːˑ˚ˋǤ
ʹǤ ʙˑˏ˃ːˇˋ˓˖ ʹ-ˆˑ ˍ˃˅˃ˎˈ˓ˋˌ˔ˍˑˆˑ ˒ˑ˅˔˕˃ː˚ˈ˔ˍˑˆˑ ˒ˑˎˍ˃
ˇ˅ˋː˖˕˟˔ˢ ˔ˑ˅ˏˈ˔˕ːˑ ˔ ͳ-ˏ ˒ˑˎˍˑˏ ˚ˈ˓ˈˊ ˔ˎǤ ʦˈ˓ːˑ˅ˍ˖ǡ ˅ˊˢ˕˟
ː˃˒˓˃˅ˎˈːˋˈ ː˃ ʓˈ˔ˢ˕˔ˍˋˌ ˓˃ˊ˝ˈˊˇ ˋ ˎˈ˅ˈˈ ˈˆˑǡ ˒ˑ˓˅˃˅ ˉˈ-
ˎˈˊː˖ˡ ˇˑ˓ˑˆ˖ǡ ː˃˒˓˃˅ˋ˕˟˔ˢ ˒ˑ ː˃˒˓˃˅ˎˈːˋˡ ˔ˎˑ˅Ǥ ʟˑ˔˔ˑ˅ˑ ˋ
˔˅ˢˊ˃˕˟˔ˢ ˔ ʙˑːˇ˓˃˕ˑ˅˔ˍˑˌǤ
͵Ǥ ʙˑˏ˃ːˇˋ˓˖ Ͷ-ˆˑ ˒ˑ˅˔˕˃ː˚ˈ˔ˍˑˆˑ ˒ˈ˘ˑ˕ːˑˆˑ ˒ˑˎˍ˃ ˇ˅ˋ-
ː˖˕˟˔ˢ ˅ ͳʹ ˚˃˔ˑ˅ ːˑ˚ˋ ˒ˑ ː˃˒˓˃˅ˎˈːˋˡ ˔˕Ǥ ʜˋˍˑˎ˃ˈ˅ˍˋǡ ˊ˃-
ːˢ˅ ˔ˎǤ ʦˈˍ˖ˎˑ˅ˍ˖ǡ ˆˇˈ ˑ˔˕˃ːˑ˅ˋ˕˟˔ˢ ˔ˑ ˛˕˃˄ˑˏ ˋ ˇˈ˓ˉ˃˕˟ ˗˓ˑː˕
˔ˑ ˔˕ˑ˓ˑː˞ ˔˕˃ː˙ˋˋ ʒˑˎˇˑˏˋ˓ˑ˅ˍˋǤ
ͶǤ ʙˑˏ˃ːˇˋ˓˖ ͵-ˆˑ ˒ˑ˅˔˕˃ː˚ˈ˔ˍˑˆˑ ˒ˈ˘ˑ˕ːˑˆˑ ˒ˑˎˍ˃ ˑ˔˕˃˕˟-
˔ˢ ː˃ ˏˈ˔˕ˈ ˒˓ˋ ˑˇːˑˏ ˒˖ˎˈˏˈ˕ˈ ˋ ˇˈ˓ˉ˃˕˟ ˗˓ˑː˕ ˔ˑ ˔˕ˑ˓ˑ-
ː˞ ʞˑ˔˒ˈˎˑ˅ˍˋ ˋ ˆˑ˓ˑˇ˃ ʑˎ˃ˇˋˏˋ˓˔ˍ˃Ǣ ʹ-ˌ ˒˖ˎˈˏˈ˕ “ʛ˃ˍ˔ˋ-
ˏ˃” ˔ ˎˑ˛˃ˇ˟ˏˋ ˋ ːˑˏˈ˓˃ˏˋ ˑ˕ˇ˃˕˟ ˅ ˓˃˔˒ˑ˓ˢˉˈːˋˈ ˍˑˏ˃ː-
ˇˋ-˓˃ Ͷ-ˆˑ ˒ˑˎˍ˃Ǥ

96
ʟ˃ˊ˄ˋ˅ ˒˓ˑ˕ˋ˅ːˋˍ˃ǡ ˊ˃˄˓˃˅ ˕˓ˑ˗ˈˋ ˋ ˒ˎˈːː˞˘ǡ ː˃˒˓˃˅ˋ˕˟-
˔ˢ ˅ ˔ˎǤ ʜˑ˅˖ˡ ʒˑ˓ˈˎˑˈǡ ˆˇˈ ˋ ˉˇ˃˕˟ ˑ˔ˑ˄ˑˆˑ ˓˃˔˒ˑ˓ˢˉˈːˋˢǡ
˅˞˔ˎ˃˅ ˓˃ˊ˅ˈˇˍ˖ ˅ ˔˕ˑ˓ˑː˖ ʖ˃˓ˈ˚ːˑˆˑǡ ʞ˕ˋ˚ːˑˆˑ ˋ ʙˑːˈ˅ˍˋǤ
ʜ˃˚˃ˎ˟ːˋˍ ˇˋ˅ˋˊˋˋ ʙˑˎˈ˔ːˋˍˑ˅Ǥ
ʜ˃˚˃ˎ˟ːˋˍ ˆˎ˃˅ǡ ˛˕˃˄˃ ʟˈˏˈˊˑ˅Ǥ
ʠ ˒ˑˇˎˋːǤ ˅ˈ˓ːˑǣ ˃ˇ˝ˡ˕˃ː˕ ʖ˃ˍ˖˕ˋːǽǤ
ǵȈȗȐșȈȊ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ ȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȚȘȈȟȍȕȖ ȕȍȔȈȓȖ ȊȘȍȔȍ-
ȕȐ ȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȊȣȗȐȚȤ ǷȖȧȊȐȓșȧ șȈȔȖȋȖȕ Ȑ ȗȖȠȓȖ ȌȍȓȖ
DzȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ Ȋșȍ ȗȖ ȌȖȔȈȔ ȖȚ ©șȗȈșȈȚȍȓȍȑ ǶȚȍȟȍșȚȊȈª ȗȖ-
ȏȈȉȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȌțȔȈȓȐ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȗȉ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȈ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȕȈȟȈȓȤ-
șȚȊț ȕȍ ȗȖȗȈȌȈȚȤșȧ
Ǫ șȈȔȣȑ ȘȈȏȋȈȘ ȊȣȗȐȊȒȐ șȖ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȖȟțȔȍȓȣȑ
ȗȘȐȔȟȈȓșȧ ȘȣȎȐȑ ȔțȎȐȒ ȗȖ ȗȘȖȏȊȐȡț DzțȓȐȒ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȑ-
șȧ ȌȊȖȦȘȖȌȕȣȔ ȉȘȈȚȖȔ ǰȋȕȈȚȍȕȒȖ Ȑ ȊȣȏȊȈȓ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ
Ƕ ȟȍȔ ȖȕȐ ȠȍȗȚȈȓȐșȤ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ țȏȕȈȓ ȕȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȖșȓȍ
ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ șȖȉȘȈȊ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȖȊ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȗȖȓ-
ȒȖȊ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȓ ȐȔ ȖȚȖȉȘȈȚȤ ȗȖ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȕȈȐȉȖ-
ȓȍȍ ȕȈȌȍȎȕȣȝ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȞȍȊ Ȑ ȗȘȐșȓȈȚȤ Ȓ ȠȚȈȉț ȌȐȊȐȏȐȐ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȖȚȘȧȌ șȖȉȘȈȓșȧ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓșȧ Ȓ
ȕȍȔț Ȑ ȖȚȌȈȊ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ ǰȋȕȈȚȍȕȒȖ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ș
ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȊȐȌȕȍȊȠȍȋȖșȧ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȍ ȓȍșȈ ȊȍȘ-
șȚȈȝ Ȋ ȚȘȍȝ ȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȖ șȍȓȖ DzȖȕȍȊȒȈ
ǩȣȓȖ țȎȍ ȚȍȔȕȖ Ȑ ȊșȈȌȕȐȒȖȊ ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȐȚȤ
ǹȓȣȠȈȓȖșȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȞȖȒȈȕȤȍ ȒȖȗȣȚ țȌȈȓȧȦȡȐȝșȧ ȓȖȠȈȌȍȑ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;,,
ǿǺdzǾȀȊ ǻǮ ǽǼǿȀȁ
ǷȘȐȍȝȈȊ Ȋ DzȖȕȍȊȒț ȖȚȘȧȌ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖ-
ȎȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȒȘȈȑȕȐȝ ȝȈȚ ȗȘȐȟȍȔ ȓȦȌȐ Ȑȏ ȘȈȏȊȍȌȒȐ

97
ȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȕȖȟȍȊȈȚȤ ș ȒȖȕȧȔȐ ȕȈ ȌȊȖȘȍ ȗȖȌ ȕȈȊȍșȖȔ ȋȌȍ ȉȣȓȖ
șȊȈȓȍȕȖ șȍȕȖ ǻșȚȈȊ ș ȌȖȘȖȋȐ Ȋșȍ ȉȣșȚȘȖ țȓȍȋȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ șȐȌȧ ț șȚȖȓȈ ȐȏțȟȈȓ ȒȈȘȚț țȍȏȌȈ ǿȈșȖȊ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȌȊȍ-
ȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ Ȗȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȠțȔ Ȑ ȋȖȊȖȘ ȕȈ țȓȐ-
Ȟȍ ǪȏȧȊ ȕȈȋȈȕ Ȗȕ Ȋȣȋȓȧȕțȓ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ Ȑ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȈȓȤȕȖ ȖȚșȒȖ-
ȟȐȓ ȒȘȐȒȕțȊ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ȕȈș ȖȒȘțȎȐȓȐ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȣ
Ǫșȍ șȍȔȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȊșȒȖȟȐȓȐ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȖȌȉȘȖȠȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȘț-
ȎȐȕȖȑ Ȑ șȝȊȈȚȐȓȐșȤ ȏȈ ȖȘțȎȐȍ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ ȕȈȒȐȕțȓ ȒȘȦȒ
ȕȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȝȖȚȧ Ȑ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ șȐȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȖȘȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ
ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȐȚ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ț ȚȘȍȝ ȉȣȓȐ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒȐ ǻ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ
ȕȈȋȈȕȣ
ǯȈȓȗ ș țȓȐȞȣ ȝȓȍșȚȕțȓ ȗȖ ȖȒȕȈȔ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊ Ȑ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ
șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȍȑ ȕȍ țșȗȍȊȠȐȍ ȖȚȖȑȚȐ ȖȚ ȖȒȕȈ țȗȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ
ȉțȒȊȈȓȤȕȖ ȐȏȘȍȠȍȟȍȕȕȣȍ ȗțȓȧȔȐ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȉȘȖ-
șȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȐȔ — ȗȖȔȖȟȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ Ȑ ȚȖȚ Ȑ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȉȣȓȐ
țȉȐȚȣ ȕȈȗȖȊȈȓ ǶșȚȈȊȠȐȍșȧ Ȋ ȎȐȊȣȝ ȓȍȋȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ Ȑ șȚȈȓȐ
ȖȚșȚȘȍȓȐȊȈȚȤșȧ
ǷȖșȓȣȠȈȓȐșȤ țȌȈȘȣ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȤ ǺȘȍȡȐȚ Ȋșȍ șȐȓȤȕȍȑ Ǹțȝ-
ȕțȓȈ ǩȈȕȌȐȚȣ ȕȈȗȐȘȈȧ ȖȌȐȕ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȓȖȔȧȚșȧ Ȋ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚț ǯȈȓȗ ȗȖ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈȔ ǪȚȖȘȖȑ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ǷȍȘȍȌȕȐȍ ȗȈȌȈȦȚ
ȕȖ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȊȘȣȊȈȦȚșȧ Ȑ ȠȈȠȒȈȔȐ ȘțȉȧȚ ȖȚȟȈȧȕȕȖ ȏȈȡȐ-
ȡȈȦȡțȦșȧ ȋȖȘșȚȖȟȒț ȓȦȌȍȑ
ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȊȐȌȐȚ ȟȚȖ ȖȌȐȕ ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȐȔ ȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȍȋȖ
ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ Ƕȕ ȖȚșȚțȗȈȍȚ Ȋ țȋȖȓ Ȑ ȗȘȐȎȈȊȠȐșȤ ȖȚșȚȘȍȓȐ-
ȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȑȏ ȕȈȋȈȕȈ
— ǩȘȈȚȤ ȎȐȊȤȍȔ — șȓȣȠȐȚșȧ ȋȖȓȖș DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ
— ǪȘȍȠȤ ȉȈȕȌȐȚ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȣ ȕȍ șȌȈȦȚșȧ
ǽȖȓȖȌȕȖȍ ȌțȓȖ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ șȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓȖ Ȋ ȘȖȚ ǵȈȎȈȓ Ȓț-
ȘȖȒ ǫȓțȝȖȑ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ — Ȑ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȚȐȝȖ șȗȖȓȏȈȍȚ
ȕȈ ȗȖȓ
ǩȈȕȌȐȚȈȔ ȌȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȍȋȖ ȚȘțȗ
— ǹȊȖȓȖȟȐ ȉ șțȟȤȍ ȔȧșȖ ǮȐȊȣȔȐ Ȋ ȒȖȓȖȌȍȞ ȗȖȒȐ-
ȌȈȦ ǬȍșȧȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȊȏȧȚȤ — ǰ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȍȡȍ
ȕȍșȓȈșȤ ȉȍȠȍȕȈȧ ȘțȋȈȕȤ
— ǷȖȏȊȈȚȤ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ DzȖȘȖȚȒȖȊȈ

98
ȇȊȐȓșȧ ȚȖȚ șȈȔȣȑ ȗȈȘȍȕȤ Ȋ ȒȖȎȈȕȖȑ ȚțȎțȘȒȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ
ș ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ Ȋ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȧȊȐȓșȧ ȖȚ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ
Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȚȤ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ
— ǸȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȑ — ȉȘȖșȐȓ ȍȔț DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ
— ǷȖ ȊȈȠȍȔț ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȦ ȧ ȧȊȐȓșȧ ȕȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȦ ǪșȚȘȍ-
ȚȐȓ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊȈ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȓșȧ ȐȔ ȒȈȒ
ȗȖșȓȈȕȕȣȑ ȖȚ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ Ǵȕȍ ȗȖȊȍȘȐȓȐ Dz Ȋȍ-
ȟȍȘț Ȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ Ȋ DzȖȕȍȊȒȍ Ȑ ȧ ȗȖȔȍșȚȐȓ ȖȚȘȧȌ ț ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ
ȕȈȠȐȝ ǿȍȒȐșȚȣ țȠȓȐ ȕȖȟȍȊȈȚȤ Ȋ Ȑȏȉț Ȉ ȧ ȗȖȌ ȊȐȌȖȔ Ȗȝ-
ȘȈȕȣ ȓȖȠȈȌȍȑ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ȌȊȖȘȍ ȗȖȌ ȕȈȊȍșȖȔ ǪȣȝȖȌ-
ȕțȦ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȗȖȌȗȍȘ ȒȖȓȖȔ ȘȈșșȚȈȊȐȓ ȘȍȉȧȚ ȊȖȒȘțȋ Ȑȏȉȣ Ȑ șȚȈȓ
ȎȌȈȚȤ ȊȈș ǶșȚȈȓȤȕȖȍ Ȋȣ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ
— ǴȖȓȖȌȍȞ DzȖȘȖȚȒȖȊ Țȣ ȕȍ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȈ ȚȘțșȓȐȊȈȧ șȊȖ-
ȓȖȟȤ ǻȎ ȧ ȖȚȣȋȘȈȦșȤ ȕȈȌ ȕȐȔȐ — ȌȈȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȍ
ȊȍȘȕțȚȤșȧ
— DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȋȌȍ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ" — ȥȚȐ ȒȘȐȒȐ ȐșȗțȋȈ Ȑ
ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕȕȖșȚȐ șȔȍȠȈȓȐșȤ ș ȟȈșȚȖȑ șȚȘȍȓȤȉȖȑ ȕȈ țȓȐȞȍ
Ǫ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȊȉȍȎȈȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ Ȑ ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ
— ǿȍȒȐșȚȣ ș ȗțȓȍȔȍȚȈȔȐ
ǰȏ ȗȍȘȍțȓȒȖȊ ȊȣȕȖșȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȤ ȒȖȕȕȣȍ ȋȘțȗȗȣ
Ȑ ș ȠȈȠȒȈȔȐ ȕȈȋȖȓȖ ȉȘȖșȈȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ Șțȉȧ Ȑȝ Ȑ Ȗȝ-
ȊȈȚȣȊȈȧ ȒȖȓȤȞȖȔ
DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ țȌȈȟȕȖ ȖȚȔȈȝȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȠȈȠȒȖȑ ȖȚ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
ȒȖȕȕȐȒȈ șȊȍȘȕțȓ Ȋ ȗțșȚȖȑ ȗȍȘȍțȓȖȒ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȉȘȈȊȠȐșȤ ȟȍȘȍȏ
ȘȍȟȖȕȒț ȗȖșȒȈȒȈȓ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȋȖ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ șȗțșȚȧ ȕȍ-
ȔȕȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ Ȑȏ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ȍȔț ȉȍȋțȚ Ȋ
ȉȍșȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȟȈșȚȐ ȍȋȖ ©ȗȖȓȒȖȊª ǶȚ ȕȐȝ Ȗȕ țȏȕȈȓ,
ȟȚȖ ȖȚȘȧȌ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ șȖȍȌȐȕȐȊȠȐșȤ ș ȟȖȕȖȊȞȈȔȐ Ȑ șȖșȚȈȊȐȊ
ȒȖȔȗȈȒȚȕțȦ ȋȘțȗȗț ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȚȘȐșȚȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȓ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȟ-
ȕȣȑ ȒȖȕȕȣȑ ȕȈȚȐșȒ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȋȖ Ȑ ȏȈșȚȈȊ ȊȘȈșȗȓȖȝ
ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȘȈșȒȖȓȖȚȐȓ Ȑȝ șȈȔȣȔ ȖșȕȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ
ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȌȊȈ ȖȘțȌȐȧ
ǪȐȌȧ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȖȔ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȗȖȊȍȘ-
ȕțȓ Ȓ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȐȔ ȓȍșȈȔ
ǵȍ ȌȖȍȏȎȈȧ ȊȍȘșȚ ȗȧȚȐ ȌȖ ȓȍșȈ Ȗȕ ȕȈȚȒȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ țȏȕȈȊ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ ȗȖȕȍșșȧ
ȏȈ ȕȐȔ șȚȘȍȔȧșȤ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȒȘțȋ

99
ǵȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȚȘțșȐȓ ȚȈȒ ©ȊȖȎȌȤ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȟȍșȒȖȑ ȈȘ-
ȔȐȐª Ƕȕ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȊȖȚ-ȊȖȚ ȍȋȖ șȕȍșȍȚ ș șȍȌȓȈ ȒȘȈșȕȈȧ
ȗțȓȧ Ǫșȍ ȍȋȖ ȎȐȘȕȖȍ ȚȍȓȖ ȗȖȌȍȘȋȐȊȈȓȖșȤ ȔȍȓȒȖȑ ȌȘȖȎȤȦ
ǪȣȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȒȐȕȎȈȓ Ȗȕ ȒȖȓȖȓ ȐȔ ȊȏȔȣȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȉȖȒȈ ȏȈȗȣȝȈȊ-
Ƞȍȑșȧ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ
ǵȈȟȈȓșȧ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒ ǪȖȚ Ȑ ǪȖȓȟȐȑ ȖȊȘȈȋ ǵȈ ȊșȍȔ șȒȈȒț
ȓȖȠȈȌȤ șȗȖȚȒȕțȊȠȐșȤ țȗȈȓȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȗȖȒȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ Ȓț-
șȚȣ ȊșȒȖȟȐȓ Ȑ, ȍȓȍ ȎȐȊȖȑ ȖȚ șȚȘȈȝȈ, ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ ȗȖ ȚȘȖȗȐȕȒȍ
Ȓ ȖȏȍȘț ǹȒȖȘȖ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȊȠȐȑ DzȖȓȍșȕȐ-
ȒȖȊȈ ǵȈȠȓȐ ȐȏȌȖȝȠțȦ ȓȖȠȈȌȤ șȗȍȠȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ
ȗȖȐșȒȐ ǬȖȠȓȐ ȌȖ ȖȏȍȘȈ ȏȈȋȓȧȕțȓȐ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȦ ȖȉȓȈȏȐȓȐ ȊȍȘ-
șȚȣ ȕȈ ȚȘȐ Ȋșȍ ȒțșȚȣ ȒȘțȋȖȔ — DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ șȓȖȊȕȖ șȒȊȖȏȤ
ȏȍȔȓȦ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȓșȧ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȊȐȊ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ șȓȍȌȖȊ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;,,,
ǽǾȉǴǼǸ ǿǺdzǾȀǶ
DzȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ țȏȕȈȓȐ ș ȖȌȕȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ Ȗȉ țȉȐȑșȚȊȍ
ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ ǵȈȝȖȌȞȍȊȈ Ȗ ȗȖȝȐȡȍȕȐȐ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ Ȉ
ș ȌȘțȋȖȑ — Ȗ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȍ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ ȗȖȌ ǯȈȘȍȟȕȣȔ — ȚțȌȈ
ȉȣȓ ȊȣȏȊȈȕ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȖȑ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖȑ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȈȞȐȐ țȗȖȓ-
ȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
ǷȖȍȏȌ ȖȚȝȖȌȐȓ ȟȈșȖȊ Ȋ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ ǹȉȖȘȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȍ-
ȌȖȓȋȐȍ — ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ș ȉțȔȈȋȈȔȐ ȌȊȈ ȕȈȋȈȕȈ ȗȖȌ ȒȖȎȈȕȒȖȑ,
ȒțșȖȒ ȝȓȍȉȈ ș șȈȓȖȔ Ȋ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȍ — Ȑ Ȋșȍ.
ǶșȔȖȚȘȍȊ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț — ȕȍ ȏȈȉȣȓ ȓȐ ȟȍȋȖ
— ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȖȒȕț Ȑ ȗȖ ȊȣȘȈȉȖȚȈȊȠȍȑșȧ ȗȘȐȊȣȟ-
Ȓȍ ȖȒȐȕțȓ țȓȐȞț ȊȏȋȓȧȌȖȔ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȖȘȖȋț ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȊȗȘȈȊȖ Țȧȕțȓșȧ ȏȈȉȖȘ șȈȌȈ ǵȈȌ
ȏȈȉȖȘȖȔ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȘȈșȒȐȕțȓȐ șȊȖȐ ȊȍȚȊȐ șȚȈȘȣȍ ȚȖȗȖȓȧ ǵȈ
ȖȌȕȖȔ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȊȣȠȍ ȏȈȉȖȘȈ șȐȌȍȓȈ șȖȋȕțȊȠȐșȤ
ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȜȐȋțȘȈ — ȥȚȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖȚȓȐȟȕȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ

100
©ǹȓȍȌȧȚ — ȗȖȕȧȓ Ȗȕ — ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ țȏȕȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ
ȍȌț" ǵȈȌȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȈȚȤ șȓȍȌȣ ǹȐȌȐ șȐȌȐ ȋȖȓțȉȟȐȒ ȚȈȔ ȌȖ
ȏȈȘȐ ȈȊȖșȤ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȑ ȊȣșȐȌȐȠȤ Ȉ Ȕȕȍ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈª
ǹ ȥȚȐȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȏȈȎȍȋ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒțȦ ȓȈȔ-
ȗȖȟȒț ȓȍȋ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ Ȑ ȊȣȗȖȓȏ Ȋ ȒțȝȕȦ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȊȠțȦ ȊȖ ȌȊȖȘ
ǺȐȝȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȖȒȕȖ Ȑ șȚȈȓ ȊșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚț DzȈȏȈ-
ȓȖșȤ Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ
Ǫȣȓȍȏ ȕȈ ȌȊȖȘ Ȑ ș ȕȈȋȈȕȖȔ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ șȚȈȓ ȗȖȓȏȒȖȔ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ ȊȌȖȓȤ ȖȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ
ǪȣȉȘȈȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ țȓȐȞț Ȗȕ ȏȈȉȍȎȈȓ Ȋ ǸȍȊȒȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ
ȉȣȓ ȊȖȏȓȍ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ Ȑ ȗȖȗȘȖșȐȓ ȗȖșȓȈȚȤ ȌȊțȝ-ȚȘȍȝ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ȟȚȖȉȣ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ȠȗȐȖȕȈ
— Ǫȣ ȍȋȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȓȍȋȒȖ ȔȖȎȍȚȍ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȖȉȝȖȌȕȣȔ ȌȊȐȎȍ-
ȕȐȍȔ ȌȊȖȍ ȗțșȚȤ ȏȈȑȌțȚ Ȋ șȈȌ Ȉ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ȗȖȑȌȍȚ ȊȌȖȓȤ ȏȈȉȖ-
ȘȈ — ȗȘȣȋȈȑ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒțȌȈ ȝȖȟȍȠȤ
ǷȖȍȏȌ țȎȍ șȚȖȧȓ ȕȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȚțȌȈ ȧȊȐȓșȧ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ Ƕȕ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ șȒȘȣȓșȧ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȧȝ ȒȈȒ ȌȊȈ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȐȕȈ
ȗȍȘȍȋȓȧȕțȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚț
— ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȍȌȍȚ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓ ȖȌȐȕ — ǹȖ-
ȉȍȘȐ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȌȍșȧȚȤ Ȑ ȘȈȏȔȍșȚȐȚȍșȤ ȘȧȌȖȔ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖ-
ȕȈȝ ȇ șȧȌț Ȋ ȖȌȐȕ ȊȈȋȖȕ ș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȖȔ ǷȖȔȕȐ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ
ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȕȐ Ȋ ȒȖȍȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȎȐȊȣȔ ȌȖȍȝȈȚȤ ȌȖ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȈ ǶșȖ-
ȉȍȕȕȖ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȍȘȍȟȤ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ȚȈȔ Ȕȣ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȕȈȑ-
ȌȍȔ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕȣȝ Ȋȍȡȍȑ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȘȈȚȤ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ
ȕȈȌȖ ȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȌȖ dzȐșȖȒ Ǩ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȘȈșȝȖȌȐșȤ
ǻșȚȘȖȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȊȈȋȖȕȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖȋȓȧȌȍȓșȧ ȒȘțȋȖȔ —
ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ DzȘȍșȚȤȧȕȒȐ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ
ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑȞȣ ȕȈȉȐȓȐșȤ șȓȖȊȕȖ șȍȓȤȌȐ Ȋ ȉȖȟȒȍ ǬȍȓȖ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ Ȓ ȕȖȟȐ Ȑ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ șȚȘȍȔȐȓșȧ ȗȖțȌȖȉȕȍȑ țșȚȘȖȐȚȤșȧ ǻșȚ-
ȘȖȐȓșȧ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȈ țȋȖȓȒȍ șȒȈȔȍȑȒȐ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȕȖȑ
ȌȊȍȘȐ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȊ ȗȖȌ șȍȉȧ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ǵȈȗȘȖȚȐȊ șȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-
ȚȖ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȐȕ Ȑ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȊ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈ ȘțȒț ȌȘȍȔȈȓ ȗȖȒȈȟȐ-
ȊȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȚȈȒȚ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ
Ǫ ȊȈȋȖȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȊȣȕȖșȐȔȖ ȌțȠȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȓȐ Ȑ ȘȈȏ-
ȉȐȚȣȍ ȖȒȕȈ

101
DzȈȒ ȕȐ ȌȓȐȕȕȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȕȖȟȤ ȕȖ Ȑ ȍȑ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ ȒȖȕȍȞ
ǴțȚȕȣȑ ȖșȍȕȕȐȑ ȘȈșșȊȍȚ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȔȖȓȖȒȖȔ ȘȈȏȓȐȓșȧ ȗȖ ȖȒ-
ȘȍșȚȕȣȔ ȗȖȓȧȔ
Ǫ ȊȈȋȖȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȗȈșșȈȎȐȘȖȊ ȍȡȍ șȗȈȓȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȖȑȚȐ Ȋ țȉȖȘȕțȦ — țȔȣȚȤșȧ ȗȘȐȟȍȔ țȝȖȌȧ Ȗȕ ȏȈȝ-
ȊȈȚȐȓ ș șȖȉȖȑ Ȑ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȈȔȣȓȐȓ ȓȐȞȖ
ȒȈȒ țșȓȣȠȈȓ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȘȍȏȒȐȑ șȚțȒ
— ǯȈȕȧȚȖ — ȉȘȖșȐȓ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȖȉȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȧșȤ
ǹȚțȒ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȡȈȓșȧ ǿțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȕȈ-
ȓȍȋȓȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȕȈ-
ȟȈȓȈșȤ ȖȝȖȚȈ ǴȣȓȖ ȍȓȖ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȕȍșȚȍȘȗȐȔȖ DzȖȍ-ȒȈȒ ȗȖȉȘȣȏ-
ȋȈȊ ȓȐȞȖ ȊȖȌȖȑ Ȗȕ ȉȣșȚȘȖ șȕȧȓ ȘȍȔȍȕȤ ȏȈșțȕțȓ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ
ȏȈ ȗȖȧș ȉȘȦȒ șȕȖȊȈ șȚȧȕțȓ ȗȖȧș Ȑ Ȋȣȋȓȧȕțȓ Ȋ ȘȈȏȉȐȚȖȍ ȖȒ-
ȕȖ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ
ǬȊȍȘȤ ȚȘȍȡȈȓȈ
ǹȚȈȓ ȕȈ ȗȖȌȖȒȖȕȕȐȒ țȝȊȈȚȐȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈ ȊȍȘȝȕȐȑ ȒȘȈȑ Ȑ
șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȊȣȗȘȧȔȓȧȚȤșȧ ȊȣȚȧȕțȊ ȘțȒȐ ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȒȘȣȠȈ
ȗȖȌ ȘțȒȈȔȐ ǻȝȊȈȚȐȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈ ȒȘȦȒ Ȍȓȧ șȐȋȕȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȊȍȘȍȊ-
ȒȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȏȈȉȘȖșȐȓ ȕȖȋȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠț Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȈȓȐȓșȧ ș ȚȘț-
ȌȖȔ șȈȔ
ǪȈȋȖȕȣ ȒȈȟȈȓȖ ȒȘȣȠȈ ȉȣȓȈ șȒȖȓȤȏȒȈȧ ȖȚ țȚȘȍȕȕȍȋȖ
ȚțȔȈȕȈ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȉȐȓ Ȋ ȓȐȞȖ ǷȖȟȚȐ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȍȕȤȒȈȝ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ǹȈȗȖȋȐ șȒȖȓȤȏȐȓȐ Ȑ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț
Ȗȕ Ȑȝ șȉȘȖșȐȓ Ȑ ȉȖșȣȔȐ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ Ȗȕ țȎȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ ȔȖȋ
ȐȌȚȐ ȗȖ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ
Ƕȋȓȧȕțȓșȧ țȊȐȌȍȓ șȊȖȐȝ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȍȑ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ
ȖȌȐȕ țȎȍ șȚȖȧȓ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ Ȉ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȍȡȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȓ-
șȧ ǹȚȈȘȈȧșȤ ȗȖȓțȟȠȍ ȗȘȐȞȍȓȐȚȤșȧ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȐȓ ȗȖ
șȚȖȧȡȍȔț ȕȖ ȒȈȟȒȈ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ șȌȍȓȈȓȈ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ ȉȍȏȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚ-
ȕȣȔ ǪȖȚ Ȋȓȍȏ Ȑ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ǴȍȌȓȐȚȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
șȔȍȘȐȊ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȔȍȎȌț ȊȈȋȖȕȈȔȐ ȗȘȣȋȕțȓ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠț șȓȍ-
ȌțȦȡȍȋȖ Ȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȖșȊȖȐȊȠȐșȤ ș ȒȈȟȒȖȑ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȉȍȋȖȔ
șȚȈȓ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ǪșȓȍȌ ȍȔț ȋȘȧȕțȓȐ ȗȖȟȚȐ șȓȐ-
ȊȈȧșȤ ȌȊȈ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȈ ǶȉȈ ȔȐȔȖ
ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȊȈȋȖȕ ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȉȍȎȈȚȤ ȕȍȒțȌȈ ǷȘȍșȓȍ-
ȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȉȓȐȎȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȓȍȋ Ȑ șȚȈȓ șȚȈȘȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȞȍȓȐȚȤ-
șȧ

102
ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ" DzȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ ȚȍȕȐ ȏȈȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ ȕȈȌ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ
ǴȖșȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ǬȖȕ
©Ǩ ȍșȓȐ" ǪȍȌȤ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ șȗȈșȍȕȐȍȔª — ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȖ Ȋ
ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ
ǵȍȒȖȋȌȈ ȌțȔȈȚȤ Ƕȕ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȊșȒȖȟȐȓ Ȑ ȗȖȌȗȘȣȋȕțȊ șȝȊȈ-
ȚȐȓșȧ ȏȈ ȎȍȓȍȏȕțȦ ȗȍȘȍȒȓȈȌȐȕț ǷȖȘȣȊȖȔ ȊȍȚȘȈ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ
șȖȘȊȈȓȖ ǹȓȖȊȕȖ ȉȍȓȒȈ ȞȍȗȒȖ ȝȊȈȚȈȧșȤ ȓȍȏȍȚ Ȋșȍ ȊȣȠȍ ȕȈ
ȋȘȍȉȍȕȤ ȔȖșȚȈ ǷțȓȐ șȚȘȍȔȧȚșȧ ȌȖȋȕȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȡȍȓȒȈȧ ȗȖ Șȍ-
ȠȍȚȟȈȚȣȔ ȗȍȘȍȗȓȍȚȈȔ ǴȐȔȖ Ȋșȍ ȔȐȔȖ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ-ȚȖ ȕȈȊȍȘȝț Ƕȋȓȧȕțȓșȧ — șȓȖȊȕȖ șȍȘȣȑ ȟȍȘȊȧȒ,
ȗȖȌȉȐȘȈȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȍȑ ȌȍȘȎȈ ȕȈ-
ȋȈȕ Ȋ ȏțȉȈȝ ǶȚșȚțȗȈȚȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȒțȌȈ ǩȖȘȤȉȈ ȕȈ șȔȍȘȚȤ
ǵȍȚ ȍșȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȊȣȝȖȌ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȖȉȍȡȈȍȚ ȕȈ ȌȍȊȧȕȖșȚȖ
ȗȘȖȞȍȕȚȖȊ șȔȍȘȚȤ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȎȐȏȕȤ
ǹȖȘȊȈȓ ȒȖȎȈȕțȦ ȒțȘȚȒț Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȊ ȍȍ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȊȘȈȋȈ
ȏȈȌȖȘȕȖ ȗȖ-ȔȈȓȤȟȐȠȍșȒȐ ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ
— dzȖȊȐ
ǪȣȚȧȕțȊ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȘțȒȐ Ȗȕ ȖȚȚȖȓȒȕțȓșȧ ȖȚ ȗȍȘȍȒȓȈȌȐȕȣ
Ȑ ȗȖȓȍȚȍȓ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ ȊȕȐȏ Ȋ ȔțȚȕȣȍ ȊȖȓȕȣ ǬȖȕȈ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;,9
ǽǮǰdzǹ ǰǼǿȀǾȍǸǼǰ DzdzǷǿȀǰȁdzȀ
— ǯȕȈȒȖȔȈ ȊȈȔ ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȥȚȈ ȔȖȘȌȈ" — ȖȉȘȈ-
ȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȍ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ — ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȖȕȈ Ȑ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȔ ȊȐ-
Ȍȍ Ȍȓȧ ȊȈș ȕȍțȏȕȈȊȈȍȔȈ" Ǩ ȊȖȚ ȗȖȌȖȎȌȐȚȍ Ȕȣ ȍȍ ȚȈȒ șȒȖȘȖ
ȘȈșȗȐȠȍȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ Ȑ șȖȊșȍȔ ȍȍ ȕȍ țȏȕȈȍȚȍ ǽȖ-ȝȖ-ȝȖ — ȕȈ-
șȔȍȝȈȓșȧ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȧ ȕȈ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȖȋȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ
— Ǵȣ ȉȣ Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș ȥȚȐȔ ȏȈȕȧȓȐșȤ ȌȈ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ ȔȕȖȋȖ țȎ
ȖȟȍȕȤ ȊȈȠȍȑ șȊȖȓȖȟȐ ȘȈȏȊȍȓȖșȤ — ȕȐȒȈȒ ȕȍ ȗȍȘȍȌțȠȐȠȤ
ǹȓțȠȈȧ ȥȚȖ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ șȚȖȧȓ ȕȐ ȎȐȊ, ȕȐ ȔȍȘȚȊ Ƕȕ ȗȖȟȚȐ
ȕȍ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȍȔț ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ǴȣșȓȤ ȉȣȓȈ ȏȈ-
ȕȧȚȈ ȖȌȕȐȔ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȈȚ ȐȓȐ ȕȍ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȈȚ ȗȍȘȍȚȍȘȚțȦ ȐȔ

103
ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ǶȚ ȥȚȖȑ ȔȣșȓȐ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȘȐșȔȐȘȍȓ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȖȉȣȒ-
ȕȖȊȍȕȐȧ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ȕȈ ȥȚȐ ȕȈșȔȍȠȒȐ
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖȒȈ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȕȈșȓȈȎȌȈȓșȧ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕ-
ȕȣȔ ȥȜȜȍȒȚȖȔ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȘȈșȗțȚȣȊȈȓ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȉȣȓ
șȊȧȏȈȕ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ǺȈȒ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒț ȖȕȐ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȓȐ Ȓ ȚȈȒȖȔț
Ȏȍ ȒȖȓȤȞț ȕȈȝȖȌȐȊȠȍȔțșȧ ȖȚ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐ șȈȎȍȕȧȝ Ȋ ȌȊțȝ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȔȐȔȖ ȘțȒ ȍȔț șȊȧȏȈȓȐ ȚȈȒȎȍ Ȑ ȕȖȋȐ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ Ȑ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ țȠȓȐ
Ȑ Ȋ ȗȍȡȍȘȍ ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț șȚȈȓȖ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȚȍȔȕȖ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — ȗȖȏȊȈȓ ȠȍȗȖȚȖȔ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȒȈ
— DzȚȖ ȚțȚ"
— ȅȚȖ ȧ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ ǻ
ȕȈș ș ȊȈȔȐ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ Ȋșȍ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȕȖ — ȧ ȚțȚ ȗȍȘȍȚȍȘ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț Ȉ ș
șȊȖȉȖȌȕȣȔȐ ȘțȒȈȔȐ ȔȕȖȋȖȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ
ǻșȓȣȠȈȊ ȥȚȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țȗȈȊȠȐȑ ȉȣȓȖ ȌțȝȖȔ ȊșȒȘȐȒ-
ȕțȓ ȖȚ ȘȈȌȖșȚȐ ǹȘȈȏț ȧȊȐȓȈșȤ șȖȖȉȘȈȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȉȖȌȘȖșȚȤ
ȌțȝȈ
— ȇ șȍȑȟȈș Ȓ ȊȈȔ ȗȖȌȖȑȌț ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓ-
ȎȈȓ Ȑȏ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȣ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ țșȐȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȣȝȚȧ ȕȈȌ ȖșȚȈȊȠȍȑ-
șȧ ȕȍȗȍȘȍȚȍȘȚȖȑ ȍȡȍ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ Ȋȍ-
ȘȍȊȒȈ ȚțȋȖ ȖȉȝȊȈȚȣȊȈȦȡȈȧ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒȐ țȗȈȓȈ Ȑ ȘțȒȐ Ȗȉȓȍȋ-
ȟȍȕȕȖ Ȑ șȓȈȌȒȖ ȏȈȕȣȓȐ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ șȊȖȉȖȌȍȕ
Ǫ ȗȍȡȍȘȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȚȍȔȕȖ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ
ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȊȐȋȈȧ ȏȈȚȍȒȠȐȔȐ ȖȚ ȌȖȓȋȖȋȖ șȚȖȧȕȐȧ ȕȖ-
ȋȈȔȐ șȚȈȓ ȗȍȘȍȉȐȘȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈȡțȗȣȊȈȧ ȘțȒȈȔȐ șȚȍȕț Ȓ ǪȈ-
șȦȚȐȕț
ǷȖȌȖȑȌȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȕȈȡțȗȈȓ țȏȍȓ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȉȣ-
ȓȐ ȏȈȊȧȏȈȕȣ ȘțȒȐ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȕȧȓșȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȋȖ ȘȈȏȊȧ-
ȏȣȊȈȚȤ
— ǷȖȌȖȎȌȐ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȣȊȈȚȤ — ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒț ǪȈ-
șȦȚȐȕ — ȅȚȖ Ȕȣ ȊșȍȋȌȈ șțȔȍȍȔ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȔȖ-
ȔȍȕȚ ǷȘȍȎȌȍ șȒȈȎȐ ȋȌȍ Ȕȣ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȔșȧ
— ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȒțȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȕȈș ȏȈȗȘȧȚȈ-
ȓȐ...

104
— ǸȈȏȊȧȏȈȚȤ ȘțȒȐ — ȥȚȖ ȗțșȚȖȍ ȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȊȣȑȚȐ ȖȚșȦȌȈ"
DzȖȋȌȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ȊȣȉȘȖșȐȓȐ Ȑȏ ȔȍȠȒȈ ȧ ȗȘȐșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓșȧ ȕȖ ȕȐ-
ȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ
— ȇ ȚȖȎȍ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓ
— Ǩ ȖȕȐ ȔȖȋțȚ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȓȦȉțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț Ȑ ȍșȓȐ ȏȈ-
șȚȈȕțȚ Ȕȍȕȧ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȔ ȚȖ ȕȈȔ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȕȍșȌȖȉȘȖȊȈȚȤ
— ǿȚȖ Ȏȍ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ"
— ǷȖȠȈȘȤ-ȒȈ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ — ȔȖȎȍȚ ȕȈ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȈȚ-
ȒȕȍȠȤșȧ ǹȚȖȗ — ȊȌȘțȋ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — ǺțȚ ȊȖȚ
ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȈ ȊȣșȚțȗȍ ȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȚțȚ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȔȍ-
ȚȐȓ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ — ȗȖȠȈȘȤ-ȒȈ ȚȈȔ ȍșȓȐ ȖȕȐ ȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȓȐ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ȗȖ șȚȍȕȍ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ Ȑ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖ ȕȈȚȒȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ ȊȣșȚțȗ ǶȉȠȈȘȐȓ ȍȋȖ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ǹȒȖȘȖ ȕȈ-
ȡțȗȈȓ ȘțȒȈȔȐ ȒȖȘȖȉȒț ȜȖȕȈȘȧ ǹ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ
ȕȍ țȔȍȓ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȍȋȖ ȇȘȒȈȧ ȗȖȓȖșȈ șȊȍȚȈ ȗȘȖ-
ȕȐȏȈȓȈ ȋțșȚțȦ ȚȍȕȤ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ
— ǵț ȚȍȗȍȘȤ Ȕȣ ȎȐȊȍȔ — ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȊȖșȒȓȐȒȕțȓ ǪȈ-
șȦȚȐȕ — ǶșȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȗȍȡȍȘț ȌȈ ȗȖȓțȟȠȍ
ȈȊȖșȤ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȈȑȌȍȠȤ ǬȈ șȔȖȚȘȐ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȍȍ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖȉȖȠȍȓ ȊșȦ ȗȍȡȍȘț ȒȘțȋȖȔ — șȚȍ-
ȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȊȍȏȌȍ ȖȌȐȕȈȒȖȊȣ — ȒȖȘȧȊȣ Ȑ șȣȘȣ ȕȐȋȌȍ ȕȍ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ Ȑ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȈ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ ǯȈ ȖȌȕȐȔ Ȑȏ ȊȣșȚțȗȖȊ ǷȈȊȍȓ
țȊȐȌȍȓ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȈ șȚȖȧȓ șȚȖȓ Ȑ ȌȊȈ șȚțȓȈ
ǺțȚ Ȏȍ ȘȧȌȖȔ șȚȖȧȓȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȈȧ ȌȖȡȈȚȈȧ ȒȘȖȊȈȚȤ ǷȈȊȍȓ
ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȍȍ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȗȖȌȕȧȓ ȗȖȌțȠȒț Ȑ ȊȌȘțȋ Ȉȝȕțȓ
— ǿȚȖ ȚȈȒȖȍ" — ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȖ ȖȚȖȏȊȈȓșȧ Ȑȏ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȣ ǪȈșȦ-
ȚȐȕ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȌȊȈ ȕȈȋȈȕȈ ȕȈȠȍȓ — ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȏȈ-
ȝȓȍȉȣȊȈȧșȤ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ
ǷȖȌ ȗȖȌțȠȒȖȑ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȓȍȎȈȓȐ ȌȊȈ ȗȖȓȕȖȏȈȘȧȌ-
ȕȣȝ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ
— ǺȍȗȍȘȤ-ȚȖ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȗȈȌȍȔ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — Ȑ
ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȖȉȈ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȐȋȘȈȧ ȓțȟȖȔ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ ȗȖ ȔȘȈȟȕȣȔ șȚȍȕȈȔ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ
ȚȖȔț ȔȍșȚț ȋȌȍ șȚȖȧȓ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȖȚȐȘȈȧ ȏȈȚȍȒȠȐȍ ȘțȒȐ ȉȣȓ
ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍȕ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ ȌȖȊȖȓȍȕ ǬȊȈ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ șȌȍȓȈȦȚ șȊȖȍ,
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕțȎȕȖ ǪȍȌȤ ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ Ȏȍ ȖȚșȦȌȈ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ

105
ȝȖȌ ǵȈȌȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ țȔȍȓȖ ȗȖȌșȐȌȍȚȤ ȔȈȏțȘȐȒȖȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȉț-
ȌțȚ ȊȝȖȌȐȚȤ Ȑ ȌȍȓȖ ȉțȌȍȚ Ȋ Ƞȓȧȗȍ
— ǴȖȓȖȌȍȞ ǷȈȊȍȓ ǽȖȘȖȠȐȑ Ȑȏ Țȍȉȧ ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȍȞ Ȋȣȑ-
ȌȍȚ — țȓȣȉȈȧșȤ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ǷȘȐ șȊȍȚȍ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ Ȗȕ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍ-
Șȣ — Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ
— ǹȚȘȍȓȧȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȠȤ" — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȍ ǪȈșȦ-
ȚȐȕ
— ǵȍȚ ȕȐ ȘȈȏț ȕȍ șȚȘȍȓȧȓ
— ǵț ȊȖȚ ȉȘȈȚ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȕȈțȟȐȠȤșȧ — Ȑ ȕȍ Ȋ ȋȈȓȖȒ ȐȓȐ
ȚȈȔ ȟțȟȍȓ ȒȈȒȐȝ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȉ Ȋ șȈȔȣȝ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȐȝ ȊȘȈȋȖȊ șȖ-
ȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐ ǷȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȏȊȍȘȦ țȟȐȚȤșȧ șȚȘȍȓȧȚȤ — ȖȌȕȖ
țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȕȈȌȖ ȊȓȈȌȍȚȤ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȖȔ ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȒȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȖȕȧȓ
— ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȔȖȚȘȐ ȕȍ ȉȍȑ ȌȖ șȔȍȘȚȐ — ȖȕȐ ȕȈȔ ȎȐȊȣȔȐ
ȗȖȕȈȌȖȉȧȚșȧ ȒȘȖȑ ȓțȟȠȍ Ȋ ȎȐȊȖȚ șȈȔȖȍ ȔȧȋȒȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ȍș-
ȓȐ ȉȖȐȠȤșȧ ȗȘȖȔȈȝȕțȚȤșȧ Ȉ ȓțȟȠȍ — Ȋ ȕȖȋț Ǩ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȗȖȑ-
ȌȍȔ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȈ ȟȍȘȚȖȊȖ ȓȖȋȖȊȐȡȍ
ǺȈȒ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖșȔȖ-
ȚȘȍȓ Ȋșȍ șȚȍȕȣ ȕȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ ȕȍ ȕȈȠȍȓ Ƕȕ ȌȈȊȐȓ Ȑ ȌȍȘȋȈȓ ȕȈ
Ȋșȍ ȊȣșȚțȗȣ ȒȖȊȣȘȧȓ ȗȈȓȤȞȈȔȐ ȔȈȓȍȑȠȐȍ ȡȍȓȐ ȌțȔȈȧ
ȚȈȒȐȔ ȗțȚȍȔ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȗȖȚȈȑȕȖȑ ȝȖȌ ȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȉȍȏȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȕȖ
ǪȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȏȈȌȍȘȎȈȓȖșȤ ȕȈ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȍ
— ǹ ȒȍȔ ȥȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȦȚ"
— ȇ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȒȈȒ ȚțȚ ȖȌȐȕ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈ-
ȘȐȊȈȓ ș ȒȈȒȐȔ-ȚȖ ǩȍȘȋȖȔ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȓ șȓȣȠȈȕȕȣȑ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ
— Ǩ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȔ ȚȖȎȍ ȕȈ ȘțȒț Ǵȣ ȚțȚ ȚȈȒȖȍ ȒȖȓȍȕȞȍ Ȋȣ-
ȒȐȕȍȔ ȟȚȖ ȟȍȘȚȧȔ ȚȖȠȕȖ șȚȈȕȍȚ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȍ ȖȚ ȊșȍȋȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȥȚȖȚ
ȕȍșȟȈșȚȕȣȑ șȓțȟȈȑ ș ȕȐȔ ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȉȣ
ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȌȍȎȕȖȍ ȉȈȕȌȐȚșȒȖȍ țȉȍȎȐȡȍ
ǷȖȒȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȚȘȧȝȐȊȈȓ ȒȘȖȊȈȚȤ Ȍț-
ȔȈȧ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȍȡȍ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȖȓȍȏȕȖȍ Ȋ Ȑȝ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȒȈ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȔ Ȑȏ ȚȍȔȕȣȝ țȋȓȖȊ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ șȍȘȍȉȘȐ-
șȚȣȑ șȊȍȚ Ƕȕ ȝȘȈȉȘȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ǹȊȍȚȐȓșȧ Ȗȕ ȚȈȒ
Ȏȍ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȉȣȓ ș ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȍ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț

106
ȖȏȍȘȈ — șȊȍȚȐȓȖșȤ ȓȐȞȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȗȖȌȢȍȝȈȊȠȍȋȖ Ȋ ȓȖȌȒȍ
ǵȍ șȗțșȒȈȧ ȋȓȈȏ ș ȥȚȖȋȖ șȊȍȚȓȖȋȖ ȗȧȚȕȈ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ țȊȍ-
ȘȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȒȈȒ ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖșȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓșȧ Ȑ
ȌȐȒȖ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȊ ȗȖȓȍȚȍȓ ȊȕȐȏ Ȋ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȧȔț
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȥȚȖȚ ȒȘȐȒ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐ Ȑ șȎȐȔȈȧ ȕȈ-
ȋȈȕ ȖșȊȍȡȈȧ ȗțȚȤ ȜȖȕȈȘȍȔ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȋ Țț șȚȖȘȖȕț ǷȖȚȖȔ
Ȗȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȊșȗȓȍșȒ ȊȖȌȣ Ȑ ȖȚȌȈȓȍȕȕȖȍ ȉȈȘȈȝȚȈȕȤȍ
ǼȖȕȈȘȤ ȖșȊȍȚȐȓ ȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȧȔț Ȋ ȋȓțȉȐȕȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȚțșȒȓȖ
ȗȖȉȓȍșȒȐȊȈȓȈ ȊȖȌȈ Ǫ ȥȚȖȑ ȊȖȌȍ ȉȐȓșȧ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȉȍȏțșȗȍȠ-
ȕȖ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤșȧ
— ǬȍȘȎȐșȤ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȌȍȘȎȐșȤ — ȉȖȌȘȧȡȍ ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ȍȔț
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȚȖȔț ȔȍșȚț ȋȌȍ ȓȍȎȈȓȐ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȔȐ Ȗȕ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȖ ȉȣȓ șȊȧȏȈȕ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;9
ǺdzȅȀȉ ǺdzȅȀȉ
ǪȍȠȕȍȊ Ȑ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊ ȊȣȍȝȈȓȐ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ Ȋ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȋ țȚȘȖȔ.
Ǫ țȚȘȍȕȕȐȝ ȏȖȓȖȚȣȝ șțȔȍȘȒȈȝ ȖșȍȕȕȍȋȖ țȚȘȈ ȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ ȗȘȐ-
ȋȖȘȖȌȕȣȍ ȔȖșȒȖȊșȒȐȍ ȗȖșȚȘȖȑȒȐ ȚțșȒȓȖ ȗȖȉȓȍșȒȐȊȈȓȐ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȔȈȒȖȊȒȐ ȞȍȘȒȊȍȑ ǵȍțȔȣȚȈȧ ǴȖșȒȊȈ ȗȘȐȚȧȋȐ-
ȊȈȓȈ Ȓ șȍȉȍ ȕȍȖȚșȚțȗȕȖ — ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓȖșȤ ȍȍ ȗȖȒȐȌȈȚȤ
ǷȖȍȏȌ ȚȈȘȈȝȚȍȓ ȏȈȚȣȒȈȧșȤ ȕȈ ȟȈșȚȣȝ ȗȘȐȋȖȘȖȌȕȣȝ șȚȘȍȓ-
ȒȈȝ ǪȖȚ țȎȍ ȏȈȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ ȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȌȈȟȐ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȏȖȓȖȚȍ
ȖșȍȕȕȍȔ ȓȍșȈ ǩȣȓȖ ȋȘțșȚȕȖ
ǷȘȐȚȒȕțȊȠȐșȤ ț ȖȒȕȈ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȗȘȖȒȓȐȕȈȓ Ȋșȍ ȕȈ
șȊȍȚȍ
©ǿȍȘȚ Ȕȍȕȧ ȌȍȘȕțȓ — ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȓ Ȗȕ — ȊȗțȚȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȥȚț
ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚțȦ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȦ ǹȗȈȓ ȉȣ ȧ șȍȑȟȈș ȕȐ Ȗ ȟȍȔ ȕȍ
ȌțȔȈȧ ȌȍȕȤ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȑ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ ȉȣ ȉȣșȚȘȖ Ȉ ȚȈȔ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ Ȗȗȍ-
ȘȍȚȚȈ ǯȐȏȐ — ȚȈȑȕȣȑ ȒȈȉȈȟȖȒ ȕȈ ǩȈșȔȈȕȕȖȑª
ǵȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ Ȕȣșȓȍȑ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȈȓȐ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȍ ȗȖȌȔȖșȒȖȊȕȣȍ
ȔȍșȚȈ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȔȟȈȓșȧ ȗȖȍȏȌ

ǯȕȈȒȖȔȣȍ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȣ ȊȣȏȣȊȈȓȐ șȚȈȘȣȍ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȏȈȎȐȊȠȐȍ
ȊȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȧ ȉȣȊȠȈȧ ȘȈȏȋțȓȤȕȈȧ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȏȈȉțȉȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȘ-
ȕȍȚȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȊȠȍȋȖ ȕțȎȌȣ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤȋȈȝ
©ǵȍȚ ȥȚȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȗȖȍȝȈȓ ȇ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȗȖȔȕȦ șȚȈȘȖȍ
ǩțȌțȚ ȖȕȐ ȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ ȒȖȘȕȍȚȈ ǪȍȠȕȍȊȈª
ǯȈȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȐ ȓȍȋȒȐȍ ȔȣșȓȐ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȐȝ țȌȈȟ DzȖȘȕȍȚ Ǫȍ-
ȠȕȍȊ șȚȖȐȚ ȊȖ ȋȓȈȊȍ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȘȈȏȘȖșȠȍȋȖșȧ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȟȍșȒȖȋȖ
ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ ǹ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȖȑșȒȖȔ Ȗȕ ȐȌȍȚ ȕȈ ǴȖșȒȊț
ȉȍȘȧ ȖȌȐȕ ȋȖȘȖȌ ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȐȔ ǪȖȚ țȎ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌ ǴȖșȒȊȖȑ — Ȑ ȖȕȈ,
ȉȍȓȖȒȈȔȍȕȕȈȧ ȗȘȐȊȍȚșȚȊțȍȚ ȍȋȖ ȒȖȓȖȒȖȓȤȕȣȔ ȏȊȖȕȖȔ ǩȖȓȤ-
ȠȍȊȐȒȐ ȗȈȓȐ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȊȢȍȏȎȈȍȚ ș ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȉȓȍșȚȧ-
ȡȍȑ șȊȐȚȖȑ Ȋ DzȘȍȔȓȤ ǺȖȓȗȣ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȗȘȐȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȚ ȍȋȖ ǶȘ-
ȒȍșȚȘȣ ȋȘȍȔȧȚ ȚțȠ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȉȍșȗȘȍșȚȈȕȕȖ ȓȖȊȒȖ ȋȈȘȞțȧ ȕȈ
ȈȕȋȓȐȑșȒȖȔ ȒȘȖȊȕȖȔ ȘȣșȈȒȍ ȒȖȏȣȘȧȍȚ ȕȈȘȖȌț ȘțȒȖȑ ȚțȋȖ
șȚȧȕțȚȖȑ ȉȍȓȖȑ ȓȈȑȒȖȊȖȑ ȗȍȘȟȈȚȒȖȑ ǫȘȍȔȐȚ ȕȍșȔȖȓȒȈȍ-
ȔȖȍ ©țȘȈª
— ǪȈȠȐ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ
ǶȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȋȖȓȖșȈ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȊȏȌȘȈȋȐȊȈȍȚ Ȑ ȉȓȍȌȕȍȍȚ ȒȈȒ
ȉțȌȚȖ ȥȚȖȚ Ȋȍșȍȓȣȑ Ȋ șȚȘȖȋȖȔ ȠȓȍȔȍ ș ȒȘȈșȕȖȑ ȧȘȒȖȑ ȏȊȍȏ-
ȌȖȑ ȗȖȑȔȈȓ ȍȋȖ ș ȗȖȓȐȟȕȣȔ
ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȠȈȘȐȚ ȗȖ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȈȔ ȖȚȣșȒȐȊȈȧ ȔȈȕȌȈȚ
ǴȍȟȚȈ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȧȧ ȘȈȏȓȍȚȍȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȗȘȈȝ
ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓșȧ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ǵȈ ȊȍȘȝȕȍȑ ȗȖȓȒȍ ȌȘȍȔȈȓ
țșȚȈȓȖ șȊȍșȐȊ ȉȣȊȠȐȍ ȗȖȌȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȟȤȐ țșȣ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊ
©ǺȖȎȍ — șȚȈȘȈȧ ȒȈȓȖȠȈ — ȚțȌȈ Ȏȍ, ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȧ ȌȍȓȈȚȤª
— ȏȓȖ ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ șȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ

ȀǮǷǻǮ ǽdzȇdzǾȉ

109
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;9,
©ǿǰǼȍ ǿǰǼǶȃ ǻdz ǽǼǵǻǮȆǮª
ǷȖȍȏȌ șȚȖȧȓ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ ǵȈ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȍ ȚȖȓȗȐȓșȧ
ȕȈȘȖȌ șțȍȚȐȓȐșȤ ȗȈșșȈȎȐȘȣ ș ȟȈȑȕȐȒȈȔȐ ȊȍȡȍȊȣȔȐ ȔȍȠ-
ȒȈȔȐ ȒȖȘȏȐȕȈȔȐ ǺȘȍȊȖȎȕȖ șȊȐșȚȍȓȐ ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏȣ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ
țșȐȓȐȊȈȧ șțȍȚț Ȑ ȋȈȓȌȍȎ
ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ ȗȖșȓȍ ȊȟȍȘȈȠȕȍȋȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ — ȕȈ ȌȈȟȍ Ǹȧ-
ȉȐȕȈ ȉȓȐȏ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȈ — ȖȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȓșȧ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ Ƕȕ ȗȘȍ-
ȒȘȈșȕȖ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȘțȎȕȖșȚȤ Ȋ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȒȖȕșȗȐȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȝ
ȗȖȍȏȌȒȈȝ ȐȋȘȈȍȚ ȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȘȖȓȤ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț-ȚȖ Ȗȕ ȖȌȍȓșȧ ȚȈȒ
ȟȚȖȉȣ ȔȍȕȤȠȍ ȕȈȊȓȍȟȤ ȕȈ șȍȉȧ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȕȐȑ DzȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑ-
șȒȐȑ ȠȓȍȔ Ȑ ȕȈȋȈȕ șȉȖȒț ȌȖȊȍȘȠȈȓ ȍȋȖ ȊȖȍȕȕțȦ ȖȌȍȎȌț
ǸȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘ ț ȥȚȐȝ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ șȖȉȈȒ șȈȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȏȈ șȍȉȧ
ǰ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȐȌ ț ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȉȣȓ ȉȖȍȊȖȑ — ȒȘȈ-
ȕȖȈȘȔȍȑșȒȐȑ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȠȓȍȔȈ ȕȍ ȊȣȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȓȖ ȗȖ-
ȘȖȌȐșȚȖȍ ȓȐȞȖ ȗȘȍșȣȡȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȖȘȧȕȐȕȈ Ȑ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍ Ȋȣ-
ȌȈȊȈȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȟȍȘȍșȟțȘ ȌȊȖȘȧȕșȒȐȍ ȔȈȕȍȘȣ
ǻșȍȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȖȍȏȌȍ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓșȧ
ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ ȕȍ șȓȍȌȐȚ ȓȐ ȒȚȖ Ǫ ȊȈȋȖȕȍ ȕȈȘȖȌț ȉȣȓȖ ȉȐȚ-
ȒȖȔ — ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȕȧȚ șȊȖȐȔ ȌȍȓȖȔ — ȚȘȍȊȖȋȈȔȐ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȖȧȡȍȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ țșȗȖȒȖȐȓșȧ
©ǻȌȈșȚșȧ ȓȐ ǭȓȍȕȍ Ȑ ȒȕȧȏȦ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊȈ" —
ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȓ ȗȖȌ șȚțȒ ȒȖȓȍș ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ — ǮȈȓȤ ȍșȓȐ ȗȈ-
ȘȍȕȤ ȗȘȖȗȈȌȍȚ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȓȦȌȍȑ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȔȈȓȖª
ǵȈȗȘȖȚȐȊ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ șȐȌȍȓ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ǹ ȚȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ
ȒȈȒ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ șȍȓ Ȋ Ȑȝ Ȓțȗȍ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ Ȑ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ țȊȐȌȍȓ
ȍȋȖ ȓȐȞȖ ȕȍȖȚșȚțȗȕȈȧ ȔȣșȓȤ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ
©ǫȌȍ ȧ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȍȋȖ ȓȐȞȖ"ª — ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȓ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ǷȍȘȍ-
ȉȐȘȈȧ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȊȖȐȝ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȝ ȗȘȐȖȉȘȍȚȈȍȔȣȝ
ȐȔ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑ Ȋșȍȝ șȊȖȐȝ șȚȈȘȣȝ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȝ ǪȍȠ-
ȕȍȊ ȕȐȒȈȒ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȗȘȐȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ
ȏȈȉȓȍșȚȍȓȐ
©ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ"ª — ȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȕ

110
©DzȈȒȖȑ ȥȚȖ ȔȖȘȌȍ ȧ ȚȈȒ ȗȖȕȘȈȊȐȓșȧ"ª — ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ Ȋ
șȊȖȦ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ ȌțȔȈȓ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȊ ȗȘȐșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ Ȑ
ȟȈșȚȣȍ ȊȏȋȓȧȌȣ ǪȍȠȕȍȊȈ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȗȕ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖ Ȑ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȓ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ Ȑ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȖ ȍȋȖ ș ȒȈȎ-
ȌȣȔ ȘȈȏȖȔ Ȋșȍ țșȐȓȐȊȈȓȖșȤ ©ǿȍȘȚ ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ șȓȍȌȧȚ"ª — ȗȖ-
ȝȖȓȖȌȍȓȖ ț ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ Ȋ ȋȘțȌȐ
©ǵȍȚ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ — ȘȈșșțȎȌȈȓ ȗȘȖ șȍȉȧ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ
— ǿȚȖȉȣ ȥȚȖȚ ȋȖȘȌȣȑ ȌȊȖȘȧȕȐȕ ȕȈȌȍȓ ȚȈȒțȦ ȗȈȒȖșȚȕțȦ
ȜȖȘȔț ǵȍ-ȍȚ ȖȚ ȕȍȋȖ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȌȖȎȌȍȠȤșȧª
ǷȘȐșȚȈȓȤȕȖ ȊșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȓȐȞȖ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ
ȊȌȘțȋ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȒȈȒ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ Ȑ ȉȍȋȓȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ Ȗȗțȡȍȕȕȣȍ Ȋȍ-
ȒȐ ȋȓȈȏȈ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȖȡțȗȣȊȈȓȐ ȍȋȖ ș ȕȖȋ ȌȖ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ǪȌȘțȋ
ȖȚ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȔȣșȓȐ ȔȍȓȒȐȑ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȑ ȗȖȚ ȊȣșȚțȗȐȓ ȕȈ ȓȉț Ǫȍ-
ȡȕȍȊȈ ©ǹȓȍȌȧȚª ǰ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȌȖȋȈȌȈȓșȧ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ"
ǹȍȘȌȞȍ ȖȚȟȈȧȕȕȖ ȏȈșȚțȟȈȓȖ ȔȣșȓȤ ȓȐȝȖȘȈȌȖȟȕȖ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȈ-
ȓȈ ȐȡȈ ȊȣȝȖȌȣ
©ǩȍȎȈȚȤ ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȉȍȎȈȚȤª
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȏȈȔȍȌȓȐȊ ȝȖȌ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȐȓ Ȓ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ
dzȐșȒȐ ȕȖ ȏȈ ȖȒȕȈȔȐ țȎȍ șȚȖȧȓȐ ȋțșȚȣȍ șțȔȍȘȒȐ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ șȚȈȕ-
ȞȐȖȕȕȣȝ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȒ ȊȣȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȓ ȠȐȘȖȒȐȑ șȍȘȗ ȓțȕȣ
©ǩȍȎȈȚȤª
ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ ș ȌȍȓȈȕȕȖ ȘȈȊȕȖȌțȠȕȣȔ ȓȐȞȖȔ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ
Ȑ șȗȖȚȣȒȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȍ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȘȖȚȧȕțȚȣȍ ȗȈșșȈȎȐȘȈȔȐ
ȕȖȋȐ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȊȣȝȖȌț
©ǷȖȑȌȍȚ ȐȓȐ ȕȍ ȗȖȑȌȍȚ șȓȍȌȖȔ"ª — ȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȕ
DzȖȋȌȈ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ șȒȘȣȓșȧ Ȋ șțȔȍȘȒȈȝ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ
ȚȖȓȒȕțȓ Ȋ ȉȖȒ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊȈ Ȑ Ƞȍȗȕțȓ ȚȐȝȖ ȕȈ țȝȖ
— ǩȍȎȐȔ Ǵȣ ȉȘȈȚ ȊȓȧȗȈȓȐșȤ ǹȒȖȘȍȑ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȌȕȖ
ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚșțȚșȚȊȐȍȔ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖ-
ȋȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȗȘȐȕȧȓ ȏȈ ȟȍȒȐșȚȈ Ȑ ȉȍȎȈȚȤ șȖșȒȖȟȐȊ ȕȈ
ȏȈȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖȔ ȝȖȌț ȗȖȍȏȌȈ
ǪȖȕ Ȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȈ ǹȒȘȐȗȕțȓȈ ȕȈȘțȎȕȈȧ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ǫ ȓȐȞȖ ȝȓȍ-
șȚȕțȓ ȖșȍȕȕȐȑ ȊȍȚȍȘ ǯȊȍȕȍȓȐ ȗȖ ȘȍȓȤșȈȔ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ ȒȖȓȍșȈ
— ǷȘȣȋȈȑȚȍ șȍȑȟȈș ȏȈ ȔȕȖȑ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ǯȍȕȟȐ-
ȒȖȊț Ȑ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȏȈ ȌȊȍȘȤȦ ȔȍȚȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȓțȕȕȖȑ ȚȍȕȤȦ ǯȈ-
ȌȣȝȈȧșȤ ȖȚ ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊ Ƕȉȍ Țȍ-
ȕȐ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȋ șȚȖȧȡȐȝ ț șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȠȚȈȉȍȓȧȝ ȌȘȖȊ

111
— ǷȍȚȧȠ Ȉ ȊȍȌȤ ȚțȚ ȌȍȓȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍȓȈȌȕȖ — ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȖȌȐȕ
Ȑȏ ȈȋȍȕȚȖȊ ȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȑ ǿDz ȌȘțȋȖȔț ȗȘȖȝȖȌȧ ȔȐȔȖ ȏȈȔȍȌȓȐȊ- -
ȠȍȋȖ ȝȖȌ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ — ș ȟȍȋȖ ȥȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȗȘȣȋȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȝȖȌț" ǨȑȌȈ
ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ
ǰ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȘȐȊȣȟȕȖ ȗȘȧȟȈșȤ Ȋ ȓțȕȕȣȝ Țȍȕȧȝ ȖȉȈ
ȈȋȍȕȚȈ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȌȘȖȊȈȝ
ǪȍȠȕȍȊ Ȑ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊ ȗȘȐȋȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȔȟȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖ ȗȍȘȍȝȖ-
ȌȈȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȈȕȕȣȔ ȠȚȈȉȍȓȧȔȐ ȌȘȖȊ ǹȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȐȔ
țȌȈȓȖșȤ țșȒȖȓȤȏȕțȚȤ ȖȚ ȘțȒ ȟȍȒȐșȚȈ ȕȈȓȐȊȈȓȖ Ȑȝ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ
ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤȦ
©ǵȈȒȓȍȐȓȐ ȕȖș ȒȈȒ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȓțȟȠȍ — ȌțȔȈȓ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ Ȑȏ
ȕȐȝ — ȗțșȚȤ-ȒȈ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȐȡȍȚ ȊȍȚȘȈ Ȋ ȗȖȓȍª
ǵȖ ȘȈȌȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ǯȈȊȍȘȕțȊ ȏȈ ȖȌȐȕ
Ȑȏ țȋȓȖȊ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ ȊȌȘțȋ șȚȖȓȒȕțȓșȧ ș șȚȘȍȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȉȍȎȈȊ-
Ƞȍȑ ȜȐȋțȘȖȑ ǷȖ ȖȉȡȍȔț ȖȉȓȐȒț ȗȖ ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑșȒȖȔț
ȠȓȍȔț ǪȍȠȕȍȊ țȏȕȈȓ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȧ
ǯȈȊȧȏȈȓȈșȤ ȖȚȟȈȧȕȕȈȧ șȊȈȓȒȈ Ǿȍȗȓȧȧ ȌȘțȋ ȌȘțȋȈ ȏȈ ȋȖȘ-
ȓȖ ȘȈȏȘȣȊȈȧ ȖȌȍȎȌț ȉȈȘȈȝȚȈȓȐșȤ Ȗȉȍ ȜȐȋțȘȣ Ȋ Ȗșȍȕȕȍȑ
ȗȣȓȐ Ȉ ȘȧȌȖȔ ȚȈȕȞȍȊȈȓȈ șȔȍȠȕȈȧ ȚȍȕȤ ș ȗȖȌȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȟȤȐ-
ȔȐ țșȈȔȐ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊȈ.
Ǫ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ ȊȣȘȖșȓȐ ȋȘȖȔȈȌȕȣȍ ȗȖȌ ȓțȕȖȑ
ȚȍȕȐ ȌȊțȝ ȈȋȍȕȚȖȊ ȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȑ ǿDz
— ǸțȒȐ ȊȊȍȘȝ ǿȚȖ ȏȈ ȌȘȈȒȈ"!
— Ƕȕ ȒȐȕțȓșȧ ȋȘȈȉȐȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ
— ȅȚȖȚ ȉȈȕȌȐȚ ȕȈȗȈȓ ȕȈ Ȕȍȕȧ — șȘȈȏț ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȊȣȒȘȐȒ-
ȕțȓȐ Ȑ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ Ȑ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ
— Ǩ ȕț ȔȈȘȠ ȏȈ ȕȈȔȐ ȚȈȔ ȘȈȏȉȍȘȍȔ ȒȚȖ ȕȈ ȒȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȈȓ!
ǺȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȖȉȣșȒ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȑ ț ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ Ǫȍ-
ȠȕȍȊȈ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȐȓ ȘȧȌ Ȟȍȕȕȣȝ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȖȊ Ǫșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȉȣȓȐ
ȈȘȍșȚȖȊȈȕȣ Ǫ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȐ ȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȑ ǿDz șȚȈȘȣȍ ȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȐ
ȊȔȍșȚȍ șȓțȎȐȊȠȐȍ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȗȖȓȒț ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȒțȚȐȊ-
ȠȐȍ ȕȖȟȈȔȐ Ȋ ȖȜȐȞȍȘșȒȐȝ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȧȝ ȟȍȒȈȕȐȊȠȐȍ ȔȈȏțȘȒȐ
ȕȈ ȗȈȘȒȍȚȍ ȊȍȓȐȒȖșȊȍȚșȒȐȝ ȉȈȓȖȊ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ țȏȕȈȓȐ ȌȘțȋ ȌȘț-
ȋȈ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȗȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒ Ȋ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ ȓȍȋȓȐ ȠȐȜ-
ȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȍ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȣ

112
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;9,,
©ǹȁȅǶ ȁǴǮǿǮª
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ǪȖȘȖȚȣȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖșȓȍ șȔȍȘȚȐ șȚȈȘȐȒȈ-ȖȚȞȈ ȗȖȓț-
ȟȐȓ ȌȊțȝȔȍșȧȟȕȣȑ ȖȚȗțșȒ Ȑ ȗȖșȍȓȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ȌȈȟȍ ȋȌȍ ȉȣȓ
țȉȐȚ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȍȞ Ƕȕ țșȐȓȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȕȧȓșȧ ȕȈțȟȕȣȔȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȔȐ
ȘȈȏȉȐȘȈȓ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȖȚȞȈ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ ȗȖșȚȐȟȤ șțȡȕȖșȚȤ ©ȋȖȓț-
ȉȣȝ ȓțȟȍȑª ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȖȔ ǵȖ ȥȚȖ ȍȔț ȗȓȖȝȖ
țȌȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȖȒ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȏȈȚȘțȌ-
ȕȧȓ ȍȔț ȘȈȉȖȚț ȗȖ ȐșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȐȦ șȓȖȎȕȍȑȠȐȝ ȝȐȔȐȟȍșȒȐȝ
ȜȖȘȔțȓ ȖșȚȈȊȠȐȝșȧ Ȋ ȉțȔȈȋȈȝ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȍ ǶȕȐ țȗȖȘȕȖ ȝȘȈ-
ȕȐȓȐ ȚȈȑȕț ȊȍȓȐȒȖȋȖ țȟȍȕȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ ȉȐȓșȧ ș ȕȐȔȐ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ
ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȚȖȘȔȖȏȐȓȖ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȖȚșțȚșȚȊȐȍ ȗȍȘȊȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ
ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ țȒȘȈȌȍȕȕȖȑ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȐȒȈȔȐ ǪȖșșȚȈ-
ȕȖȊȐȚȤ ȍȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍ ȗȖ șȐȓȈȔ ǹȍȘȋȍȦ ǪȣȏȊȈȚȤ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒȖȋȖ-
ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȕȍ ȘȍȠȈȓșȧ Ȗȕ ȏȕȈȓ
ȒȈȒțȦ ȒȖȓȖșșȈȓȤȕțȦ șȐȓț ȐȔȍȦȚ ȥȚȐ ȓțȟȐ ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȚȈȑȕȈ
Ȑȝ ȗȖȗȈȓȈ Ȋ ȘțȒȐ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ ȊȘȈȋȖȊ ȚȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ șȒȈ-
ȏȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȉȖȘȤȉȈ ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȖȑ ǸȖșșȐȐ Ȋ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȊȘȈ-
ȋȈȔȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȗȘȖȚȍȒȈȓȈ ȚȈȒ țșȗȍȠȕȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȉȣ
ȕȍȔȣșȓȐȔȈ ǿȍȘȕȈȧ ȘȍȈȒȞȐȧ ȗȖȓțȟȐȊ Ȋ șȊȖȐ ȘțȒȐ ȥȚȐ ȓț-
ȟȐ ȕȈȌȖȓȋȖ ȍșȓȐ ȕȍ ȕȈȊșȍȋȌȈ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȈ ȉȣ Ȋ ȘȈȉșȚȊȍ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȔȈșșȣ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȔȐȘȈ ȌȖȊȍȌȧ Ȑȝ ȌȖ ȊȣȘȖȎ-
ȌȍȕȐȧ
ǴȈȓȖ ȚȖȋȖ șȓȍȌșȚȊȐȍȔ ȥȚȐȝ ȓțȟȍȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȉȣ ȎȈȌ-
ȕȈȧ ȉțȘȎțȈȏȐȧ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȈșȤ Ȍȓȧ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ șȊȖȐȝ ȕȍȖȉțȏ-
ȌȈȕȕȣȝ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȑ — ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ ȖȗțșȚȖȠȍȕȐȍ ȔȐȘȈ Ȑ ȋȐȉȍȓȤ Ȋșȍ-
ȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ
Ȋ șȊȖȍȔ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȕȖȔ ȔȐȘȖȊȖȔ ȒȖȓȓȍȒȚȐȊȍ ȥȚȐ ȓțȟȐ Ȍȓȧ
ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȒȖȑ ȕȍȗȘȍșȚȈȕȕȖȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ Ǫ ȘțȒȈȝ Ȏȍ ȉȖȘȦȡȍ-
ȋȖșȧ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚȈ ©ȋȖȓțȉȣȍ ȓțȟȐª șȚȈȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍȗȖȉȍȌȐȔȣȔ
ȖȘțȎȐȍȔ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ ȉȣ Ȓ ȗȖȉȍȌȍ
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ Ȟȍȓȣȍ ȌȕȐ Ȑ ȕȖȟȐ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȓ ȏȈ ȖȗȣȚȈȔȐ Ȑ ȚȖȓ-
șȚȣȔȐ ȒȕȐȋȈȔȐ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ ǹ ȔȖȓȖȌȣȔ țȗȖȘșȚȊȖȔ Ȑ ȕȈ-
șȚȖȑȟȐȊȖșȚȤȦ Ȗȕ ȔȍȚȈȓșȧ ȖȚ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ Ȓ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ǵȖ

113
ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȔȐȏȍȘȕȣ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȓȐșȤ ȔȍȌȓȍȕ-
ȕȣȔ ȟȍȘȍȗȈȠȤȐȔ ȠȈȋȖȔ
Ǫ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȖșȍȕȕȐȝ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȌȍȚȣȍ Ȋ Ȗșȍȕ-
ȕȍȍ ȏȖȓȖȚȖ ȠȐȘȖȒȐȍ ȉȍȘȍȋȈ ǬȕȍȗȘȈ ȗȍȘȍȓȐȊȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖȌ ȏȈ-
ȝȖȌȧȡȐȔ șȖȓȕȞȍȔ ȘȈȏȕȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȣȔȐ ȟțȌȕȣȔȐ ȒȘȈșȒȈȔȐ
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȗȖșȓȍ ȕȍȗȘȍȘȣȊȕȖȑ ȚȘȍȝȌȕȍȊȕȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ țșȚȈȓȣȑ
ȖȚ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕȣȝ ȕȍțȌȈȟ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȖȋțȓȧȚȤșȧ ȗȖ ȉȍȘȍȋț Ǭȕȍȗ-
ȘȈ ǹȊȖȐ ȊȣȒȓȈȌȒȐ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȉțȔȈȋȐ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ șȓȍȌțȧ
ȍȋȖ Ȏȍ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȏȈȗȘȧȚȈȓ Ȋ ȕȖȊȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ȐșȒțșȕȖ ȏȈ-
ȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȖȍ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ȕȐ ȖȌȐȕ șȈȔȣȑ ȖșȚȘȖțȔȕȣȑ Ȑ șȖ-
ȖȉȘȈȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȀȍȘȓȖȒ ǽȖȓȔș ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ Ȑȝ ȕȈȑȚȐ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ
ȉȖȧȓșȧ ȟȚȖ ȓȦȌȐ ȗȖȝȐȚȐȊȠȐȍ ȟȈșȚȤ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȖȚȞȈ ȔȖȋȓȐ
ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ Ȋ ȉțȔȈȋȈȝ Ȑ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ Ȗ ȔȍșȚȖȕȈȝȖȎ-
ȌȍȕȐȐ ȌȘțȋȐȝ ȟȈșȚȍȑ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț Ȗȕ ȉȓȈȋȖȘȈȏțȔȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȗȘȧȚȈȓ
ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ȑȏ ȌȊțȝ ȔȍșȚ țȒȈȏȈȕȕȣȝ ȖȚȞȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȌ șȔȍȘȚȤȦ Ȋ
ȥȚȖ ȕȖȊȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ǵȖ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȗȕ ȕȐ ȉȐȓșȧ ȕȈȌ ȏȈȋȈȌȖȟȕȣȔȐ
țȒȈȏȈȕȐȧȔȐ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌșȔȍȘȚȕȖȑ ȏȈȗȐșȒȍ ȖȚȞȈ Ȗ ȚȘȍȚȤȍȑ ȟȈșȚȐ
ȊȈȎȕȣȝ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȖȊ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȗȕ ȕȐ șȚȈȘȈȓșȧ ȘȈȏȋȈȌȈȚȤ ȏȈ-
ȋȈȌȖȟȕȖșȚȤ ȊȕȍȠȕȍ ȕȍȓȍȗȣȝ ȜȘȈȏ — ȥȚȖ ȍȔț ȕȍ țȌȈȊȈȓȖșȤ
ǹȚȈȘȣȑ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ țȕȍș ȚȈȑȕț ș șȖȉȖȑ
ǷȘȖȝȓȈȌȕȣȑ ȌȕȍȗȘȖȊșȒȐȑ ȊȍȚȍȘ ȖșȊȍȎȐȓ țșȚȈȓțȦ ȋȖ-
ȓȖȊț ǹȍȘȋȍȧ ǬȈȓȍȒȖ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȍ ȏȈșȚȣȓ Ȋ ȉȓȍșȚȧȡȍȔ ȊȍȓȐȟȐȐ
ȖșȍȕȐ ȟțȌȕȣȑ ȘȖȌȕȖȑ ȋȖȘȖȌ ǶȚȚțȌȈ ȉȍȏȏȈȉȖȚȕȈȧ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȈȧ
ȎȐȏȕȤ șȚțȟȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ǹȍȘȋȍȧ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȧ Ȗ ȔȖȓȖȌȣȝ
ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȘȈșȚȘȈȟȍȕȕȣȝ șȐȓȈȝ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȉȣ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȎȐȚȤ ǵȖ
ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȓ ȗȘȈȊȈ ȕȈ ȥȚȖ ǵȈ
șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ ȖȒȘȈȐȕȈȝ ȍȡȍ ȋȐȉȓȐ șȖȚȕȐ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȖȚȊȖȍ-
ȊȣȊȈȧ șȊȖȍ ȗȘȈȊȖ ȕȈ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖȍ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȕȈ șȊȖȉȖȌ-
ȕȣȑ ȚȘțȌ Ƕȕ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȖȔȖȟȤ ȐȔ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ
ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȐȍ șțȔȍȘȒȐ ȖȒțȚȈȓȐ ȗȘȐȌȕȍȗȘȖȊșȒȐȍ ȏȈ-
ȘȖșȓȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ ș ȘȍȒȐ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓȖ ȊȓȈȎȕȣȔ ȝȖȓȖȌȒȖȔ Ȑ ȊȌȈȓȐ ȏȈ-
ȋȓțȠȍȕȖ ȗȖ-ȊȍȟȍȘȕȍȔț ȗțȓȤșȐȘȖȊȈȓ ȋȖȘȖȌ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȘȍȠȐȓ
ȊȖȏȊȘȈȚȐȚȤșȧ ȌȖȔȖȑ
ǵȍȉȖȓȤȠȈȧ ȗȘȖȋțȓȒȈ ȊȕȖȊȤ ȘȈȏȉțȌȐȓȈ Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȦ Ȑ
ȏȈȎȋȓȈ ȕȍțȚȖȔȐȔȣȑ ȖȋȖȕȤ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ

114
ǷȘȖșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȧ ȊȣȒȓȈȌȒȐ ȖȚȞȈ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ș ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȘȈȏȖȔ
Ȋșȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ țȉȍȎȌȈȓșȧ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȐ ȍȋȖ ȜȐ-
ȋțȘȐȘȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȑ, ȊȐȌȐȔȖ, ȖȚȞȖȔ Ȏȍ
ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣȑ ȌȖșȍȓȍ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚ șȓȍȌȣ ȍȋȖ Ȗȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓ Ȋ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȜȖȘȔțȓȈȝ ȉțȔȈȋ ȖȚȞȈ ǰ șȍȑȟȈș ȐȌȧ Ȓ ȌȖȔț
Ȗȕ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȧȓ șȍȉȧ Ȑ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȗțȚȤ ȗȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔț Ȗȕ ȊȍȌȍȚ
ȐșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ — ȉȣȓ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȍȕ ǴȈȓȖ ȚȖȋȖ Ȗȕ țȉȍȎȌȈȓșȧ
ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȖȚȣșȒȈȕȐȐ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȚșȧ ȕȈ-
ȒȈȕțȕȍ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ ǵȍȌȈȊȕȍȑ țșȚȈȓȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȕȍțȌȈȟ țȎȍ ȕȍ
ȉȣȓȖ ǶȌțȠȍȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȥȚȐȔ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ Ƞȍȓ ȗȖ țȏȒȐȔ
ȏȈȘȖșȠȐȔ ȉțȘȤȧȕȖȔ ȚȘȖȗȐȕȒȈȔ
ǶȒȖȓȖ ȌȖȔȈ ȍȔț ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȏȈ țȋȓȖȔ ȔȍȓȤȒ-
ȕțȓȈ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȚȍȕȤ ǹȎȈȊ Ȋ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȍ ȉȘȈțȕȐȕȋ Ȑ ȟțȚȒȖ ȕȈș-
ȚȖȘȖȎȐȊȠȐșȤ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȖȉȖȠȍȓ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȌȖȔȈ ȕȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȈ-
ȔȍȚȐȓ
©ǵȈȊȍȘȕȖ, ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȉȘȖȌȧȟȈȧ șȖȉȈȒȈ — ȔȕȖȋȖ Ȑȝ ȚțȚ
ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȘȈȏȊȍȓȖșȤª — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ
ǵȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȚȘȖȕțȓ ȘțȟȒț ȌȊȍȘȐ șȏȈȌȐ ȍȋȖ ȊȌȘțȋ
ȘȈȏȌȈȓșȧ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȣȑ ȠȖȘȖȝ Ȑ ȕȍ țșȗȍȓ ǹȍȘȋȍȑ ȖȉȍȘȕțȚȤ-
șȧ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ ȉȣȓ ȕȈȒȐȕțȚ ȒțșȖȒ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȗȓȖȚȕȖȑ ȔȈȚȍ-
ȘȐȐ Ȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȦȎȐȝ ȘțȒ șȚȐșȕțȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȚȐșȒȈȔȐ
ǩȖȘȤȉȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȉȍȏțșȗȍȠȕȈ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;9,,,
ȀǮǷǻǮ ǽdzȇdzǾȉ
DzȖȋȌȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ ș ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈȔȐ ȊȕȐȏț Ȋ ȧȔȍ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ țȎȍ ȚȐȝȖ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖ ȊȍȘȝț ȊȖȌȣ ȉȐȓȈșȤ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȈȧ ȘȧȉȤ
DzȖȔȖȒ ȖȉȐȌȣ Ȑ ȋȖȘȍȟȐ ȗȖȌȒȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȋȖȘȓț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ Ƕȕ
ȝȖȚȍȓ șȈȔ ȗȘȣȋȕțȚȤ Ȋ ȥȚț ȧȔț ȕȖ ȊȖȊȘȍȔȧ șȖȖȉȘȈȏȐȓ ȟȚȖ
ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ ȉȍȏțȔȐȍȔ — ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚșȦȌȈ ȉȍȏ ȟȤȍȑ-ȓȐȉȖ
ȗȖȔȖȡȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ — ȒȘȈȧ ȧȔȣ ȉȣȓȐ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ
ȋȓȈȌȒȐ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȈ ȟȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȞȍȗȐȚȤșȧ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ șȗțș-

115
ȚȐȓ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț Ȑ ȉȍșȗȖȔȖȡȕȖ ȉȖȓȚȈȓ ȍȦ Ȋ ȊȖȌȍ ȌțȔȈȧ ȟȚȖ
ȍșȓȐ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȈ Ȍȕȍ ȚȖ Ȗȕ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ ȍȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ ǵȖ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȑ
ȉȓȍșȒ ȊȖȌȣ ȉȣȓ ȔȍȘȚȊ Ȑ ȋȓțȝ
©ǿȍȘȚ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȧ ȕȍȌȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓª — ȘȊȈȓ ȕȈ
șȍȉȍ ȊȖȓȖșȣ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ȀȈȕșȣ ȕȈ țșȗȍȝ țȔȍȕȤȠȈȓȐșȤ DzȘțȋȖȔ ȉȣȓȈ ȋȓțȝȈȧ ȗȍ-
ȡȍȘȕȈȧ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȈ Ȑ Ȋ ȕȍȑ Ȗȕ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȖȌȐȕ ǬȖȓȋȖ ǪȈșȦ-
ȚȐȕ țȗȈȊȠȐȑ ȌțȝȖȔ șȐȌȍȓ ȕȈ ȊȣșȚțȗȍ șȒȈȓȣ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍ-
ȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓȖșȒȈ șȊȍȚȈ ȍȋȖ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ șȚȈȓȈ ȊȌȘțȋ ȚțșȒȕȍȚȤ
ǯȈȘȧȌ Ȋ ȜȖȕȈȘȍ ȐșȚȖȡȐȓșȧ — ȍȋȖ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ șȉȍȘȍȟȤ
ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȖȚțȠȐȓ ȍȋȖ ǭȡȍ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȎȌȈȓȖ
ȍȋȖ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ ǪȣȉȘȈȊ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ țȌȖȉȕțȦ ȗȖȏȐȞȐȦ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
ȌȍȘȎȈ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȘțȒȍ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ Ȉ Ȋ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘ ȗȘȐȋȖ-
ȚȖȊȐȓșȧ ȎȌȈȚȤ ǫȓțȉȖȒȈȧ țșȚȈȓȖșȚȤ ȖȌȖȓȍȊȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ Ƕȕ ȏȈ-
ȌȘȍȔȈȓ
***
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȉȈȘȈȝȚȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȧȔȍ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ ȏȈ ȟȚȖ- ȕȐ-
ȉțȌȤ ȏȈȞȍȗȐȚȤșȧ Ƕȕ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȕȍȗȘȍȖȌȖȓȐ-
ȔȈȧ șȐȓȈ ȚȧȕțȓȈ ȍȋȖ ȊȕȐȏ Ƕȕ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȖȉȖȌȘȧȦȡȐȑ ȒȘȐȒ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ Ȑ ȕȈȗȘȧȋȈȓ Ȋșȍ țșȐȓȐȧ ȟȚȖȉȣ țȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȗȖ-
ȊȍȘȝȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȝȖȚȤ ȉȣȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȐșȒțșȕȣȔ ȗȓȖȊȞȖȔ ȕȖ ȍȋȖ
șȐȓȣ ș ȒȈȎȌȖȑ șȍȒțȕȌȖȑ ȖșȓȈȉȍȊȈȓȐ ǹȖȉȘȈȊ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ țșȐ-
ȓȐȧ ȊȣȕȣȘȕțȓ Ȑȏ ȊȖȌȣ ȋȓȖȚȕțȓ ȗȖȓȕȖȑ ȋȘțȌȤȦ ȊȖȏȌțȝȈ Ȑ
ȒȈȒ ȒȈȔȍȕȤ țȗȈȓ ȊȕȐȏ Ƕȕ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ șȐȓȈ
ȗȖȌȝȊȈȚȐȓȈ ȍȋȖ ȏȈȒȘțȚȐȓȈ Ȋ ȊȖȌȖȊȖȘȖȚȍ Ȑ ȗȖȕȍșȓȈ ș ȒȖȓȖș-
șȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȍȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖȚȖȑ ǬȈȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȊȖȌȣ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȈȒ șȐȓȤȕȖ
ȟȚȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȏȊȍȕȍȓȖ Ȋ țȠȈȝ Ȑ ȚȍșȕȐȓȖ Ȋ ȋȘțȌȐ Ƕȕ țȎȍ ȏȈ-
ȌȣȝȈȓșȧ ȖȚ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȒȈ ȊȖȏȌțȝȈ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ Ȗȕ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ
ȊȣȕȣȘȕțȚȤ ȕȖ ȋȖȓȖȊȈ ȍȋȖ țȗȐȘȈȓȈșȤ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȚȊȍȘȌȖȍ
ǷȖȚȖȒ ȉȣȓ ȗȓȖȚȕȖ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕ Ȋ ȏȍȔȓȍ Ǫ ȋȓȈȏȈȝ ț ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȐ ȗȖȚȍȔȕȍȓȖ ǹȍȘȌȞȍ ȉȐȓȖșȤ țȟȈȡȍȕȕȖ Ȑ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȐșȚȖ
șȐȓȣ ȐșșȧȒȓȐ ǷȈȊȍȓ șȌȍȓȈȓ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȦȦ ȗȖȗȣȚȒț șțȌȖȘȖȎ-
ȕȖ ȔȍȚȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȊȊȍȘȝ ǹȔȍȘȚȤ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍȐȏȉȍȎȕȈ ǷȈȊȍȓ șțȌȖ-
ȘȖȎȕȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȘȖȚ Ȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȓȍȋȒȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȕȈ-

116
ȗȖȓȕȐȓȐșȤ ȖȎȐȊȓȧȦȡȐȔ șȣȘȣȔ ȊȖȏȌțȝȖȔ ǷȈȊȍȓ șȘȈȏț ȗȘȐ-
Ƞȍȓ Ȋ șȍȉȧ ȕȖȊȣȍ șȐȓȣ ȗȘȐȠȓȐ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ǷȖȚȖȒ ȋȓțȝȖ Ƞț-
Ȕȍȓ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȗȈȘȈȓȐȏțȧ ș șȐȓȖȑ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ ǷȈȊȓțȠȐ Ƕȕ
ȔȍȚȕțȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȖȘȧȊȣȑ ȉȍȘȍȋ
ȗȖȚȖȒȈ țȝȊȈȚȐȓșȧ ȏȈ ȊȣșȚțȗȣ Ȑ ȗȖȊȐș ȕȈ ȕȐȝ ǵȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȖȚ-
ȌȣȠȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȑ șȖȉȘȈȊ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ șȐȓȣ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ
ȕȈȟȈȓ ȒȈȘȈȉȒȈȚȤșȧ Ȑ, ȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȗȖȌ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ ȘȖȊ-
ȕțȦ ȗȖȟȊț — ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȕȖ ȊȏȌȖȝȕțȓ
DzțȌȈ Ȗȕ ȗȖȗȈȓ"
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȊșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȋțșȚțȦ șȣȘțȦ ȚȍȔȕȖȚț Ȑ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ
ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ǪȕȐȏț ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț ȠțȔȍȓ ȊȖȌȖȊȖȘȖȚ Ȑ ȋȓțȝȖ ȏȈȔȐ-
ȘȈȓ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ȍȋȖ șȗȈșȍȕȤȍ ǴȖȋȐȓȤȕȈȧ ȎțȚȤ șȒȘȣȊȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȖȌȏȍȔ-
ȕȖȔ ȋȘȖȚȍ ǹȔȍȘȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ ȕȍȖȚșȚțȗȕȖ ȊȐșȍȓȈ ȕȈȌ ȕȐȔ
ǩȍșșȐȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȐșȓȖȕȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ șȣȘȖȑ șȚȍȕȍ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȏȈȗȓȈ-
ȒȈȓ Ƕȕ ȏȈȎȐȊȖ ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȍȕ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȋȘȖȚȍ Ȗȕ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ
ȕȍ țȊȐȌȐȚ șȖȓȕȞȈ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ȗȘȐȊȖȓȤȧ ȏȍȓȍȕȣȝ ȗȖȓȍȑ
ǫȓțȝȐȍ ȘȣȌȈȕȐȧ ȉȣȓȐ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȎțȚȒȐ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ
ǪȌȘțȋ ǷȈȊȍȓ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȕȖȍ Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȖȍ ȍȔț
ȠțȘȠȈȕȐȍ șȒȖȓȤȏȧȡȍȋȖ ȚȍȓȈ Ȑ ȏȈȚȍȔ ȓȍȋȒȖȍ ȠȐȗȍȕȤȍ ǷȈ-
Ȋȍȓ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕȕȖ ȊșȒȖȟȐȓ Ȑ Ȋ țȎȈșȍ ȗȘȐȎȈȓșȧ Ȓ șȚȍȕȍ
©ǫȈȌȦȒȐª — ȔȖȓȕȐȍȑ ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȖ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǹȔȍȘȚȤ
ȎȌȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȟȍȔ Ȗȕ ȖȎȐȌȈȓ DzțȌȈ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȍ-
ȎȈȚȤ ȖȚ ȥȚȐȝ ȏȔȍȑ DzȘȖȊȤ ȏȈșȚȣȓȈ Ȋ ȎȐȓȈȝ ǷȈȊȓțȠȐ ȗȈȘȈ-
ȓȐȏȖȊȈȊ Ȋșȍ ȍȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ țȎȍ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ
ȥȚȖ ȠțȘȠȈȕȤȍ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȓȖșȤ — ȍȔț ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖ-
Țȍ Ȗȕ țȎȍ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȈȍȚ țȗȘțȋȖ ȐȏȋȐȉȈȦȡȐȍșȧ ȏȔȍȐȕȣȍ ȚȍȓȈ
ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ, Ȑ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȍ șȒȖȓȤȏȒȐȍ ȒȖȓȤȞȈ ȖȉȖȊȤȦȚ
ȍȋȖ ȕȖȋȐ ȚțȋȐȔ ȒȖȓȤȞȖȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗțșȚȐȚȤ Ȋ ȒȘȖȊȤ șȔȍȘȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ ȧȌ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȐȕșȚȐȕȒȚȐȊȕȖ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț Ƕȕ țșȓȣ-
ȠȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȊȕȐȏț ȗȖȌ ȕȐȔ ȉȐȓșȧ ȊȖȌȖȊȖȘȖȚ
Ǫșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ țȎȍ ȓțȟȠȍ ȗȖȋȐȉȕțȚȤ Ȋ ȊȖȌȍ ȟȍȔ ȖȚ țȒțșȈ ȏȔȍȑ
ǽȖȓȖȌ ȗȖȚȖȒȈ ȊȕȖȊȤ ȖȝȊȈȚȐȓ ȍȋȖ Ȑ șȚȘȍȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȖȕȍș
ȧȘȖșȚȕȖ ȘȈȏȉȐȊȈȧșȤ Ȗȉ țșȚțȗȣ ǴȋȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȍȡȍ ȟțȊ-
șȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȕȈȌ șȖȉȖȑ ȊȖȏȌțȝ Ȑ ȌȣȠȈȓ ȐȔ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ǷȖ-
ȚȖȔ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ Ȗȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȉȍȠȍȕȣȑ ȘȍȊ ȚȍșȕȧȡȐȝșȧ ȊȖȌ ǵȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ — Ȑ șȚȐșȕțȚȣȍ șȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ ȊȖȌȣ ȗȖȚȖȒȈ

117
șȌȈȊȐȓȐ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖȍ ȟȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȚȍȓȖ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐ șȒȘȣȊ-
ȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȏȍȔȕȣȝ ȕȍȌȘȈȝ
DZșȎȐȎ ;;;,;
ȀǼǹȊǸǼ DZǼǾǮ ǿ DZǼǾǼǷ ǻdz ǿȃǼDzȍȀǿȍ
ǷȍȘȍȒțȊȣȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ ȚȍȓȖ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋȈ ȗȖȋȘțȏȐȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȌȖȕșȒȐȍ ȊȖȓȕȣ DzȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȋȐȉȍȓȤ
ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍȐȏȉȍȎȕȈ ǪȖȓȕȣ șȒȘȣȊȠȐȍ ȗȖȌ șȖȉȖȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ
țȎȍ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ Ȑ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ ȒȈȚȐȓȐșȤ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ
șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ ǪȌȈȓȐ țȎȍ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ, ȋȘȖȝȖȚȈȓȐ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ ȗȖȍȏȌȈ
ǮȐȏȕȤ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓȈ țȎȍ șȊȖȑ Ȗȉȣȟȕȣȑ ȊȐȌ
— ǺțȌȈ ȍȔț Ȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȈ — ȗȘȖȉȖȘȔȖȚȈȓ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȗȘȍșȓȍ-
ȌȖȊȈȊȠȐȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ Ȑ șȚȖȧȊȠȐȑ ȕȈ ȔȖșȚț, — ȎȈȓȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȟȚȖ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ș ȉțȔȈȋȈȔȐ ȗȘȖȗȈȓ
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ șȗțșȚȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ȘȍȓȤșȣ Ȑ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȕȍ ȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈ-
ȧșȤ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȗȖȗȓȍȓșȧ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ țȊȍȘȍȕ ȟȚȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț țȎȍ
ȕȍ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤșȧ Ȑȏ ǬȖȕȈ
ǵȖ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍ ȚȈȒ ǹȐȓȤȕȈȧ ȕȈȚțȘȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȉȣȊȈȊ-
ȠȈȧ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȝ ȗȍȘȍȌȍȓȒȈȝ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȓȈ Ȑ ȥȚȖ ȐșȗȣȚȈȕȐȍ ǿȍ-
Șȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȣȕȣȘȕțȓ șțȌȖȘȖȎȕȖ
ȋȓȖȚȈȧ ȊȖȏȌțȝ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ șȗȈșȍȕ
ǪȖȌȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȈ Ȑ ȗȘȖȗȐȚȈȊȠȈȧșȧ ȍȦ ȖȌȍȎȌȈ șȚȈȓȈ
ȚȧȎȍȓȖȑ Ȑ ȚȧȕțȓȈ ȊȕȐȏ ǷȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ȏȈșțȕțȚȣȑ ȏȈ ȗȖȧș șȐȓȤ-
ȕȖ ȔȍȠȈȓ ȗȓȣȚȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȓșȧ Ȓ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȍȔț ȉȍȘȍȋț ǪȖȚ țȎȍ
ȉȓȐȏȒȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȐȓȤȕȣȝ ȊȏȔȈȝȖȊ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȚȊȍȘȌȖȑ ȏȍȔȓȍ
ǵȖ ȚțȚ ȊȌȘțȋ ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ Ȑȏ ȊȖȌȣ ȊȣȕȣȘ-
ȕțȓȖ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȚȖ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȍ ȉȈȘȈȝȚȈȦȡȍȍșȧ ȖșȓȈȉȍȊȠȍȍ ȚȍȓȖ
ǹȐȓȣ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȐșȚȖȡȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȐșȗȣȚȣȊȈȓ ȊȕțȚȘȍȕ-
ȕȦȦ ȉȖȘȤȉț
©ǷȖȔȖȟȤ ȐȓȐ ȉȘȖșȐȚȤ"ª

118
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț Ƕȕ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒ țȗȖȘ-
ȕȖ ȉȖȘȖȓșȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȗȖȋȘțȎȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȊȖȌț ǷȘȐ-
ȉȓȐȏȐȊȠȐșȤ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȔȈȓȤȟȐȒȈ șțȌȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȉȖȘȖȊ-
ȠȍȋȖșȧ ș ȊȖȓȕȈȔȐ Ȗȕ țȎȍ ȏȈȌȣȝȈȓșȧ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȝȓȍȉ-
ȕțȊ ȊȖȌȣ ǻȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȍȋȖ ȓȍȊȖȑ ȘțȒȖȑ ȏȈ ȊȖȘȖȚȕȐȒ ȘțȉȈȠȒȐ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȗȖȗȓȣȓ Ȓ ȉȍȘȍȋț
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ țȝȊȈȚȐȓșȧ ȏȈ ȗȘȐȉȘȍȎ-
ȕȣȍ ȒțșȚȣ ȊȣȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ Ȑ, ȖȉȍșșȐȓȍȕȕȣȑ, țȗȈȓ Ǹȧ-
ȌȖȔ ȉȍȏ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȧ ȘȈșȚȧȕțȓȖșȤ ȚȍȓȖ ȊȣȚȈȡȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȐȔ ȔȈȓȤ-
ȟȐȒȈ
ǻȎȍ șȖȓȕȞȍ șȒțȗȖȑ Ȗșȍȕȕȍȑ ȓȈșȒȖȑ ȕȈȟȈȓȖ șȖȋȘȍȊȈȚȤ ȏȍȔ-
ȓȦ ȒȖȋȌȈ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ Ȋ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ǵȈȌ ȕȐȔ ȖȏȈȉȖ-
ȟȍȕȕȖ șȒȓȖȕȐȓșȧ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ǬȖȓȋȖ Ȗȕ ȉȐȓșȧ ȕȈȌ ȚȍȓȖȔ ȔȈȓȤ-
ȟȐȒȈ ȗȖȒȈ ȚȖȚ ȕȍ ȊȏȌȖȝȕțȓ Ȑ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȋȓȈȏȈ ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȘȈ-
ȋȖȞȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȖȚȘȈȚȐȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȥȚȖ ȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȎȈȓȤ ȥȚȖȋȖ
ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖȋȖ ȔȈȓȤȟȐȒȈ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȒȈȒȐȔ ȗțȚȍȔ ȗȖȗȈȊȠȍ-
ȋȖ Ȋ ǬȖȕ
— ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ-ȚȖ — ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȕȖ ȊȏȌȖȝȕțȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȒȖȋȌȈ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȋȓȈȏȈ — ȏȌȖȘȖȊȖ Ȏȍ Țȍȉȧ ȔȈȓȍȞ ȏȈȒȈȟȈ-
ȓȖ
— ǫȌȍ ȧ" — șȓȈȉȖ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȧșȤ
ȒȘțȋȖȔ ș ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȕȐȍȔ ǵȖ ȋȓȈȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȏȈȉȓȍșȚȍȓȐ
ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ țȊȐȌȍȓ șȖȓȕȞȍ Ȑ ȘȖȌȕțȦ ȚȍȗȓțȦ ȏȍȔȓȦ
— ȇ Ȑ șȈȔ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȋȌȍ ȉȘȈȚ Ȕȣ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȖȉȘȍȚȈȍȔșȧ
ǶȌȕȖ ȏȕȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȕȈ Ȍȕȍ ǬȖȕȈ Ȉ ȥȚȖ șȈȔȖȍ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ — șȓȈȉȖ Ȑ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȊȖșȒȓȐȒȕțȓ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȊșȔȖȚȘȍȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȓȐȞȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ Ȑ ȗȣȚȈȧșȤ ȗȘȐ-
ȗȖȌȕȧȚȤșȧ
— ǿȚȖ ȏȈ ȟȍȘȚ ǪȖȚ ȕȍ ȖȎȐȌȈȓ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȚȤ ȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȧ ǰ
ȖȚȒțȌȈ ȔȈȓȣȠ Țȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ȧ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ Țȍȉȧ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȕȦ?
— ǬȈ ȧ Ȏȍ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ — ȏȈȝȓȍ-
ȉȣȊȈȧșȤ ȖȚ ȘȈȌȖșȚȐ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ — Ǵȍȕȧ-ȚȖ Ȋȣ ȕȍ
ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ȌȈ ȧ ȊȈș ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȦ
— ǪȖȚ ȥȚȖ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȖ ǵȍȎȌȈȕȕȖ-ȕȍȋȈȌȈȕȕȖ ȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ
ȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȧ șȗȈș ȖȚ șȔȍȘȚȐ ǪȖȚ ȚȈȒ ȓȖȊȒȖ — ȏȈșȔȍȧȓșȧ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ — ǵț ȌȘțȎȐȡȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȑ ȒȈȒ Ȏȍ ȥȚȖ Țȣ Ȋ ǬȖȕ țȋȖ-

119
ȌȐȓǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ ȗȖ ȗȖȘȧȌȒț ȖȉȖ ȊșȍȔ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌ-
ȠȍȔ ș ȕȐȔ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȧ ș ȖȚȒȘȣȚȖȋȖ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ ȗȖȌȏȍȔ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȝȖȌȈ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȖȑ ȉȈȠȕȍ ǵȖ ȗȖșȓȍ șȓțȟȈȧ ș ȋȈȌȦȒȈ-
ȔȐ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȕȖȔ ȋȘȖȚȍ Ȗȕ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ
ȗȘȐȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ
— ǪȖȚ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ-ȚȖ ȧ Ȑ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȕȦ ȟȚȖ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ ȏȕȈȦ
ȟȚȖ ȧ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȗȖȗȈȓ Ȋ ȗȖȚȖȒ Ȉ ȊȖȚ ȒȈȒ Ȋ ǬȖȕț ȖȟțȚȐȓșȧ — ȕȍ
ȔȖȋț ȗȖȕȧȚȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ șȖȖȉȘȈȏȐȓ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ
— ȅȚȖȚ ȗȖȚȖȒ ȉȘȈȚ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȚ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ ȕȈ ȌȕȖ
ǬȖȕȈ ǴȖȎȕȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ țȌȐȊȓȧȚȤșȧ ȒȈȒ Țȣ Ȋȣȕȍș Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ ǵȖ
ȋȌȍ Ȏȍ ȥȚȈ ȗȍȡȍȘȈ ȋȌȍ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ"
— ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ Ǵȣ ș ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȣȔ ȖȉȠȈȘȐȓȐ ȍȍ ȊșȦ Ȑ ȕȍ
ȔȖȋȓȐ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȊȝȖȌȈ
— ǵȖ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȣȝȖ-
ȌȖȔ Ȑȏ ȥȚȖȑ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ ȉȣȓ ȚȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ țȕȍș Țȍȉȧ ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ
ț ȕȐȝ ȍșȚȤ ȉȖȓȍȍ țȌȖȉȕȣȑ ȝȖȌ
— ǵȈȊȍȘȕȖ ȚȈȒ
— Ǩ ȒȈȒ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȚȍȟȍȚ ȊȖȌȈ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȖȚȖȒȍ"
— ǹȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȉȣșȚȘȖ Ǵȕȍ Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș ȌȍȓȈȍȚșȧ șȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȒȈȒ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȧ ȊșȗȖȔȕȦ ȍȋȖ ȇ ȏȕȈȦ Ȋȣ ȌțȔȈȍȚȍ ȟȚȖ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ
ȔȖȎȕȖ ȗȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȗȖȚȖȒț ȌȖȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȌȖ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ Ȑ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ǵȍȚ ȥȚȖ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ǵȖ ȋȌȍ Ȏȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȥȚȈ ȗȍȡȍȘȈ ȋȌȍ" ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȏȕȈȚȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȒ ȌȍȓȖ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ǵȈȌȖ
ȉȣȓȖ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ǿȚȖ șȍȑȟȈș ȌȍȓȈȍȚșȧ ș ǪȈșȦ-
ȚȐȕȣȔ" ǻȌȈșȚșȧ ȓȐ ȍȔț ȖȚȉȐȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ" Ǩ ȍșȓȐ țȌȈșȚ-
șȧ ȚȖ șțȔȍȍȚ ȓȐ Ȗȕ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚȚțȌȈ" ǰȓȐ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ
ȉțȌȍȚ ȗȖȝȖȘȖȕȍȕ ȕȈȊșȍȋȌȈ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȉȈȕȌȐȚșȒȖȔ ȓȖȋȖȊȍ ȍșȓȐ
ȕȍ țȌȈșȚșȧ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȋȌȍ ȖȕȖ"
— ǵț ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȉȘȈȚ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ ǵȈȌȖ ȐȌȚȐ ȕȈ Ȋȣ-
ȘțȟȒț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț
— ǪȍȘȕȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȈȌȖ ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ țȌȈșȚ-
șȧ ȇ șȖȉȍȘț Ȋșȍȝ ȘȍȉȧȚ Ȕȣ ȖȉȓȈȏȐȔ Ȋșȍ Ȋ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ ǩȈ-
ȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȈȊȖșȤ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȔ ȕȈ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ

120
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȗȖȓȟȈșȈ ȖȕȐ țȎȍ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȖȚȌȖȝȕțȊȠȐȍ Ȑ Ȗȉ-
șȖȝȠȐȍ ȕȈ șȖȓȕȞȍ ȌȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȉ Ȋȣ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ȟȚȖ șȌȍȓȈȓȖșȤ ș
ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ ȟȚȖ ȓȈȏȐȓȐ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ Ȋ ȉȈȠȕȍ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȗȖ
ȌȖȘȖȋȍ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ
— ǺȈȒ ȥȚȖ Țȣ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȝȖȌ" Ƕ ȖȕȐ ȉȘȈȚ
ȊȈȎȕȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ șȌȍȓȈȓȐ
ȀȈȋȈȧ ȊȈȎȕȖ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȖȔ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȋȖȘȌȖ țȓȣȉ-
ȕțȓșȧ șȟȐȚȈȧ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȖșȕȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȑ șȍȉȧ țȟȈșȚȕȐȒȖȔ ȥȚȖȑ
ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
— ǶȕȐ ȉȘȈȚ ȕȖșȣ ȗȖȊȍșȐȓȐ ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȊȖȍȋȖ ȐșȟȍȏȕȖȊȍ-
ȕȐȧ ǰșȒȈȓȐ Țȍȉȧ ȌȖȓȋȖ ǽȖȘȖȠȐȍ ȘȍȉȧȚȈ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ș țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍȔ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȓ șȍȉȍ ȒȈȒ țȌȐȊȧȚșȧ
ȖȕȐ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȍȋȖ ȕȍȊȘȍȌȐȔȣȔ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌțȚ ȏȈȊȐȌȖȊȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ
ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȣȔ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧȔ
DZșȎȐa XL
ǰǿdz DZǼȀǼǰǼ
ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȐȑ ȚȖȚ șȈȔȣȑ ȟȚȖ șȚȘȍȓȧȓ Ȋ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ ǨȓȍȒ-
șȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ȉȣȓ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕ Ȋ ȋȖșȗȐȚȈȓȤ ǫǿDz ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȐȑ-
șȧ ȕȈ țȋȓț ǬȖȓȋȐȝ ǸȧȌȖȊ Ȑ ǪȖșȒȘȍșȍȕșȒȖȑ țȓȐȞȣ DzȖȔȕȈȚȈ
ȋȌȍ Ȗȕ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȈșȤ ȊȖ ȊȚȖȘȖȔ ȥȚȈȎȍ ȖȒȕȈȔȐ ȊȖ ȌȊȖȘ
ǻ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȌȍȎțȘȐȓȐ ȌȊȖȍ ȟȈșȖȊȣȝ ȕȈ ȌȊȖȘȍ ȗȖȌ ȖȒȕȈȔȐ —
ȖȌȐȕ
ǪȍȟȍȘ ǬȖȒȚȖȘ ǩȈȏȐȓȍȊșȒȐȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ǯȈȊȖȑ-
șȒȖȋȖ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕȐȓ ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȒȐ ǸȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȉȣȓ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȓȈȉ Ȑ ș
ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȗȖșȚȍȓȐ ǷțȓȤș ȉȣȓ ȕȍȘȖȊȕȣȑ
ȊȣșȖȒȈȧ ȚȍȔȗȍȘȈȚțȘȈ ǪȕȍȠȕȐȑ ȊȐȌ ȘȈȕȣ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȉȣȊȠȐȑ
ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȘȐȧȚȕȣȔ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȗȖȟȍȔț-ȚȖ ȘȍȏȒȖ ȐȏȔȍ-
ȕȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȝțȌȠȍȔț

121
— ǩȖȦșȤ ȕȍ ȏȈȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȓȐ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȒȘȖȊȐ — ȗȖȒȈȟȈȓ ȋȖ-
ȓȖȊȖȑ ǩȈȏȐȓȍȊșȒȐȑ — ǶȌȕȖȋȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦ ȗȖȟȍȔț
ȊȕȍȏȈȗȕȖ ȕȈșȚțȗȐȓȖ ȚȈȒȖȍ ȘȍȏȒȖȍ țȝțȌȠȍȕȐȍ"
ǬȈȊ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘț Ȑ șȐȌȍȓȒȈȔ ǩȈȏȐ-
ȓȍȊșȒȐȑ țȠȍȓ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȊ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȍȋȖ ȊȣȏȊȈȓȐ ȍșȓȐ ȘȈȕȍ-
ȕȖȔț ȉțȌȍȚ ȝțȎȍ
ǭȡȍ ȕȍ ȏȈȒȘȣȓȈșȤ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȏȈ ȌȖȒȚȖȘȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȗȖ-
ȓțȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȋȓȈȏȈ Ȑ ȗȖ ȍȋȖ ȋțȉȈȔ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓȈ ȏȓȖȉȕȈȧ țșȔȍȠ-
ȒȈ ǪȖ Ȋșȍȑ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȏȍ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖșȤ șȓȈȉȖșȚȐ ȅȚȖ
ȉȣȓ ȝȐȡȕȐȒ ȋȖȚȖȊȧȡȐȑșȧ Ȓ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȦ
ǵȖ ȊȖȚ ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȊȠȐȑ ǩȈȏȐȓȍȊșȒȖȋȖ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚț Ȑ șȕȖȊȈ ȕȈ ȒȘȖȊȈȚȐ ȓȍȎȐȚ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȉȍȏȎȐȏȕȍȕȕȖȍ
ȚȍȓȖ ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȖȋȖ
ǪȍȟȍȘ ȚȐȝȖ țȝȖȌȐȚ țșȚțȗȈȧ șȊȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ȕȖȟȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ
ȊȗȖȓȏȈȍȚ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ Ȑ ȕȍșȓȣȠȕȖ ȊȖ Ȋșȍ țȋȖȓȒȐ Ȑ ȡȍȓȐ
ǹȐȌȍȓȒȈ șȒȓȖȕȐȊȠȐ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈ ȘțȒȐ ȌȘȍȔȓȍȚ ț ȖȒȕȈ
ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȕțȓ ȋȈȏȍȚț ȕȈ șȚȖȓȍ Ȑ ȗȘȐ ȔȐȋȈȦȡȍȑ ȒȖȗ-
ȚȐȓȒȍ ȟȐȚȈȍȚ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȜȘȖȕȚȖȊȣȍ ȕȖȊȖșȚȐ
ǸȈȕȍȕȣȑ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȌȣȠȐȚ ȔȍȟȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȉȖȘȔȖȟȍȚ ȊȖ
șȕȍ ǪȖȚ ȘȍȏȒȐȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍȔ Ȗȕ șȈȌȐȚșȧ ȕȈ ȒȘȖȊȈȚȐ ȊșȚȈȍȚ
Ȑ ȗȘȖȉțȍȚ ȐȌȚȐ ǹȐȌȍȓȒȈ Ȑ ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ ȉȘȖșȈȦȚșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț Ȑ
șȝȊȈȚȣȊȈȦȚ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȌ ȘțȒȐ Ƕȕ ȊȣȘȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȗȈȌȈȍȚ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ
țȊȓȍȒȈȧ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ ȌȍȘȎȈȊȠȐȝ ȍȋȖ
ǼȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ Ȑ șȐȌȍȓȒȈ ȗȖȋȓȖȡȍȕȣ ȊȖȏȕȍȑ Ȑ ȕȍ șȓȣȠȈȚ
ȓȍȋȒȖȋȖ șȊȍȘȓȧȡȍȋȖ ȏȊțȒȈ ȐȌțȡȍȋȖ ȖȚȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ
ȖȒȕȈ ǿȤȧ-ȚȖ ȘțȒȈ Ȋ ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȘȍȏȐȕȖȊȖȑ ȗȍȘȟȈȚȒȍ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ
ȕȈȌȈȊȓȐȊȈȍȚ ȕȈ șȚȍȒȓȖ Ȑ ȊȣȕȐȔȈȍȚ ȍȋȖ ǪȖȚ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȈ Ȑ ȏȈ-
ȌȊȐȎȒȈ
Ǫ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȔȧȋȒȐȔȐ ȗȘȣȎȒȈȔȐ ȊșȒȈȒȐȊȈȦȚ ȌȊȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍ-
ȒȈ Ȋ ȔȈșȒȈȝ Ȑ șȎȐȔȈȧ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȉȘȖșȈȦȚșȧ Ȓ ȉȈȘȈȝ-
ȚȈȦȡȍȑșȧ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț ȖȒȖȓȖ ȒȘȖȊȈȚȐ ȋȘțȗȗȍ
ǵȐ ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ ȕȐ șȐȌȍȓȒȈ ȕȍ țșȗȍȓȐ ȖȗȖȔȕȐȚȤșȧ ȒȈȒ Ȓ
Ȑȝ ȓȐȞȈȔ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȎȈȚȣ ȋțȉȒȐ ȗȘȖȗȐȚȈȕȕȣȍ ȝȓȖȘȖȜȖȘ-
ȔȖȔ
DzȖȘȖȚȒțȦ ȉȖȘȤȉț șȔȍȕȧȍȚ ȚȐȠȐȕȈ
dzȦȌȐ Ȋ ȔȈșȒȈȝ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȊ ȗȓȈȚȒȈȔȐ ȋțȉȒȐ ȊșȚȈȦȚ Ȉ ȏȈ
ȕȐȔȐ ȊșȚȈȍȚ Ȑ ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȐȑ ȌȖ șȍȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȐȋȘȈȊȠȐȑ ȘȖȓȤ
țȔȐȘȈȦȡȍȋȖ

ǹȓȈȉȖșȚȐ ȒȈȒ ȕȍ ȉȣȊȈȓȖ Ƕȕ ȖȚȌȈȍȚ ȠȍȗȖȚȖȔ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ
ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȖȟȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȊȣșȓțȠȐȊȈȦȚ ȍȋȖ ȖșȊȖ-
ȉȖȌȐȚȍȓȐ.
— DzȈȒ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚ ȌȍȓȖ ș ȊȕȍȠȕȐȔ ȒȈȘȈțȓȖȔ" ǹȕȧȚ ȓȐ ȐȓȐ
ȍȡȍ ȕȍȚ"
— Ǫșȍ șȌȍȓȈȕȖ ǰȕȈȟȍ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȉȣ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȕțȚȤ Ȓ
ȊȈȔ.
— DzȈȒȐȔ șȗȖșȖȉȖȔ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȐȘȖȊȈȕ ȒȈȘȈțȓ"
— ǪȖȚ ȥȚȐȔ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȏȈȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȝ ȗȖ-
ȒȈȏȣȊȈȧ ȕȈ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȒȖȘȖȉȒț ȊȐșȧȡțȦ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȈ șȗȐȕȍ ǶȚ
ȒȖȘȖȉȒȐ ȖȚȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȌȓȐȕȕȈȧ ȘȍȏȐȕȖȊȈȧ ȚȘțȉȒȈ ș ȏȈȎȐȔȖȔ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ"
— ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȕȐȚȍ" ȅȚȖ ȉȈȓȓȖȕ ș ȚȍȔ șȈȔȣȔ țșȣ-
ȗȓȧȦȡȐȔ ȋȈȏȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȕȍȔȞȣ ȕȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȘȈȏ țȋȖȡȈȓȐ ȕȈș
ȕȈ ȜȘȖȕȚȍ ǹȘȍȌșȚȊȖ ȊȍȘȕȖȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊțȍȚ ȉȍȏ ȖȠȐȉȒȐ Ȑ șȓȍ-
ȌȖȊ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ
— Ǩ ȒȈȒ Ȏȍ ȊȈȔ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȗțșȚȐȚȤ ȋȈȏ ȕȈ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ"
— ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȘțȌȕȖȊȈȚȖ ȕȖ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ Ȕȣ șȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ ǷȘȐ-
ȠȓȖșȤ ȗțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȗȖ ȒȘȣȠȈȔ ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȍȡȍ ȟȚȖ ȚȍȔȤ
ȕȍȗȘȖȓȈȏȕȈȧ ȌȈ ȊȍȚȍȘ șȐȓȤȕȣȑ ǪȏȖȉȘȈȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠț
Ȕȣ Ȑ țȋȖșȚȐȓȐ ȊȈȠȐȝ ȒȈȘȈțȓȤȡȐȒȖȊ țșȐȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȗȖȘȞȐȍȑ
ǹȒȖȘȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȖșȕțȚșȧ
— ǶȌȕȈȒȖ, ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ǷȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ Ȕȣ țșȗȍȍȔ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ǵȈ-
ȌȖ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚșȦȌȈ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȔȖȎȕȖ șȒȖȘȍȍ
ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȐȑ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ Ȋȣȋȓȧȕțȓ Ȋ ȖȒȕȖ ǹȖȕȕȣȍ țȓȐȞȣ
ȉȣȓȐ ȚȐȝȐ Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȣ ǿȈșȖȊȖȑ ț ȕȈȘțȎȕȣȝ ȊȖȘȖȚ șȗȈȓ
șȐȌȧ ȕȈ șȚțȗȍȕȤȒȈȝ ȒȘȣȓȤȞȈ
Ǫșȍ ȗȘȍȌȊȍȡȈȓȖ țȌȈȟț

ǵǰdzǾȊ ǰȉȆdzǹ ǻǮ ǾǮǯǼȀȁ

124
DZșȎȐȎ ;LI
ǻdz ȁDzǮǹǼǿȊ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȔȖȎȕȖ Ȓ ȊȈȔ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚȒț"
— Ǩ ȥȚȖ Ȋȣ ȌȖȒȚȖȘ ǽȖȚȧ ȧ Ȑ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȏȈȕȧȚ ȕȖ ȔȐȕțȚȒț
țȘȊȈȚȤ ȔȖȋț ǯȈȝȖȌȐȚȍ Ȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȍ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ
— ȇ ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ȚȖȋȖ ȘȈȕȍȕȖȋȖ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȞȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ
ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ șȍȉȧ ǯȈȊȖȑșȒȐȔ Ǫ ȍȋȖ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȘȍȏȒȖȍ
țȝțȌȠȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȍșȓȐ ȚȈȒ ȗȖȑȌȍȚ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȚȖ Ȗȕ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȧȕȍȚ
— DzȈȒ ȚȈȒ ǬȈ ȊȍȌȤ Ȋȣ Ȏȍ Ȕȕȍ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȓȐ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ,
ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȉȍȏțșȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȖȗȘȈȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ǷȖȟȍȔț Ȏȍ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ Ȋșȍ ȚȈȒ
șȘȈȏț ȐȏȔȍȕȐȓȖșȤ"
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȧ țȎȍ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȊȘȈȟ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȔȕȖȋȖ
ȘȈȕȍȕȐȑ ȉțȌțȟȐ țȟȈșȚȕȐȒȖȔ ȧȗȖȕșȒȖȑ Ȑ ȋȍȘȔȈȕșȒȖȑ ȒȈȔ-
ȗȈȕȐȑ. ǰ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȧ ȕȍ șȚȣȎțșȤ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ Ȍȓȧ Ȕȍȕȧ șȖȊȍȘ-
ȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȐȍ ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȐȧ Ȋ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȤȍ ȘȈ-
ȕȍȕȖȋȖ ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȋȣ șȈȔȐ ȏȈȑȌȍȚȍ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ"
— ǵȍȗȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȑȌț ȊȖȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘȦ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȘȖȟȕȣȝ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȖȊ
ǯȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ ȌȍȓȈ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊț țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊȖȔ ȟȈ-
șț ȕȖȟȐ ǫȖȓȖȊȈ ȘȈșȒȈȓȣȊȈȓȈșȤ ȖȚ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ǽȖ-
ȚȍȓȖșȤ ȗȖȉȣȚȤ ȝȖȚȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈ șȊȍȎȍȔ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ
©ǬȈ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȏȈȉȣȓ ȕȈȌȖ ȏȈȑȚȐ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ȋȖșȗȐȚȈȓȤ ȗȖșȔȖ-
ȚȘȍȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȐȓȖșȤ ș ȘȈȕȍȕȣȔ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȞȍȔª
ǪȣȠȍȓ ȕȈ ȌȊȖȘ Ȑ șȚȖȓȒȕțȓșȧ ș ȚȘȍȔȧ ȘȍȉȧȚȈȔȐ Ȑȏ ȉȈȚȈ-
ȓȤȖȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȠȓȐ șȔȍȕȧȚȤ ȒȈȘȈțȓ ț ȓȈȏȈȘȍȚȈ
ǷȖȠȍȓ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȕȐȔȐ ǪȖȚ țȎȍ Ȑ ȋȖșȗȐȚȈȓȤ
— ǹȚȖȑ — ȠȍȗȖȚȖȔ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȐȌțȡȐȝ — DzȚȖ
ȥȚȖ ȓȍȎȐȚ ț ȒȘȣȓȤȞȈ" ǵȍ ȗȖȔȕȦ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ șȓțȟȈȧ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȒȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ Ȑȏ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȘȍȉȧȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȓȐȉȖ ȏȈșȕțȓ ȕȈ ȗȖșȚț ǿȚȖ-
ȚȖ ȕȍȓȈȌȕȖ ǷȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȤȚȍ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒȐ Ȑ șȚȖȑȚȍ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ ȚȍȕȐ Ȑ
ȚȐȝȖ Ȉ ȧ ȖȌȐȕ ȗȖȑȌț ȊȗȍȘȍȌ
— Ǩ ț ȊȈș ȍșȚȤ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȒȈȘȈțȓȈ

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— Ǿȍȓȣȝ ȌȊȈ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ Ȑ ȗȘȐȎȐȔȈȧșȤ Ȓ șȚȍ-
ȕȍ șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȒȘȣȓȤȞț
ǪȖȚ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȌȍșȧȚȐ ȠȈȋȖȊ ȖȚȌȍȓȧȦȚ ȍȋȖ ȖȚ ȓȍȎȈ-
ȡȍȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
dzȍȋȒȐȍ ȏȈȋȓțȠȍȕȕȣȍ ȟȍȔ-ȚȖ ȔȧȋȒȐȔ ȠȈȋȐ ȊȖ ȌȊȖȘȍ ǵȈ-
ȋȈȕ șȓȐȓșȧ ș ȘțȒȖȑ ǫȓȈȏȈ ȏȖȘȒȖ șȔȖȚȘȧȚ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ
DzȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȟȍȘȕȈȧ ȜȐȋțȘȈ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȊȣȠȓȈ Ȑȏ ȊȖȘȖȚ ȏȈ
ȕȍȑ ȌȘțȋȈȧ ȚȘȍȚȤȧ ǹȒȓȖȕȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈȌ ȓȍȎȈȡȐȔ
ǺȐȝȖ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȠțȔȈ DzȖȋȖȘȋȖȊ ȊȣȚȧȕțȓ
ȘțȒț ș ȕȈȋȈȕȖȔ ȗȘȐȞȍȓȐȓșȧ șȚȈȘȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȑ ȊȣȗțșȚȐȓ ȖȌȐȕ
ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȐȔ ȚȘȐ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȈ ǬȊȖȍ țȗȈȓȐ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ȖȉȍȘȕțȓșȧ ȖȚ-
șȚȘȍȓȐȊȈȧșȤ ȗȖȉȍȎȈȓ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǩȖȓȤȠȖȑ ǴȖșȒȖȊșȒȖȑ
ǪȣșȚȘȍȓ Ȑȏ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒȐ — Ȑ ȉȍȎȈȊȠȐȑ ș ȘȈȏȔȈȝț ȊȘȍȏȈȓșȧ
ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ Ȋ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ǵȈ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȣ ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓȐ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȝ șȖȚȘțȌ-
ȕȐȒȖȊ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ ǷȘȐȕȍșȓȐ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ ȌȖȒȚȖȘ ȖșȔȖȚ-
Șȍȓ țȗȈȊȠȐȝ — Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȐ țȉȐȚȣ ȕȈȗȖȊȈȓ
— ȅ ȌȈ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȠ țȔȐȘȈȦȡȐȑ — șȒȈȏȈȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȕȈ-
ȒȓȖȕȧȧșȤ ȕȈȌ ȖȌȕȐȔ Ȑȏ ȓȍȎȈȡȐȝ — ǵȈȌȖȍȓȖ ȍȔț ț ȕȈș
ȓȍȎȈȚȤ ǵț ȌȈ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȕȍ ȊșȚȈȕȍȚ Ȑ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ ȗȖȌ-
șȚȘȍȓȐȊȈȚȤ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ǬȖȒȚȖȘ Ȉ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ — Ȑ
ȥȚȖȚ ȉȈȕȌȐȚ țȠȍȓ ȉȣ ȖȚ ȕȈș ǪȖȚ ȊȈȔ Ȑ țȔȐȘȈȦȡȐȑ
— ǰ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ Ȑ Ȋȣ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȍȋȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ
Ȋȣ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȉȣ șȖȋȓȈșȐȓȐșȤ ș ȔȖȐȔ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍȔ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ
ǩȈȏȐȓȍȊșȒȐȑ — ǵȖ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȧ ȋȖȚȖȊ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȚȤ șȊȖȦ ȖȠȐȉȒț Ȑ
șȖȏȕȈȚȤșȧ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȉȣȓ ȖȚȓȐȟȕȣȔ ȈȒȚȍȘȖȔ Ȑ șț-
Ȕȍȓ ȖȉȔȈȕțȚȤ ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕț
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȘȍȉȧȚ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ
ǷȖ Ȋșȍȑ ȊȐȌȐȔȖșȚȐ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ țȉȐȚȣ Ȉ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌțȘȔȈȕȍȕȣ ȒȈ-
ȒȐȔ-ȚȖ șȘȍȌșȚȊȖȔ
— Ǩȝ Țȣ ȟȍȘȚ ǰȏ-ȏȈ ȊȖȏȕȐ ș ȥȚȐȔȐ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȞȈȔȐ ȧ
șȖȊșȍȔ ȏȈȉȣȓ Ȗ ȕȐȝ ǹȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȚȐ Ȑȝ Ȋ ȋȖșȗȐȚȈȓȤ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȈȔ Ȓ ȊȖșȤȔȐ țȚȘȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȖșȚȘȈȌȈȊȠȐȍ Ȋ ȚȖȔ
ȟȐșȓȍ șȐȌȍȓȒȈ Ȑ ȜȍȓȤȌȠȍȘ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȊȍȌȍȕȣ Ȋ ȟțȊșȚȊȖ Ȑ
ȔȖȋȓȐ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ
— ȇ ȊȐȎț ȖȌȕȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ — ȟȚȖ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ
Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ ȐȓȐ Ȏȍ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ, șȊȐȓȈ ȋȕȍȏȌȖ ȉȖȍȊȈȧ
ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑșȒȈȧ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧ ȘȈșȗȖȓȈȋȈȦȡȈȧ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȣ-

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ȔȐ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈȔȐ Ȑ șȐȓȈȔȐ ǰ ȕȈȠȈ șȈȔȈȧ ȕȈșțȡȕȍȑȠȈȧ ȏȈ-
ȌȈȟȈ — ȒȈȒ ȔȖȎȕȖ șȒȖȘȍȍ Ȑ ȉȍșȗȖȡȈȌȕȍȑ șȊȍȘȕțȚȤ ȋȖȓȖȊț
ȥȚȐȔ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈȔ ǹȓȍȌțȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȖșȖȉȖ ȉȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ǪșȗȖȔ-
ȕȐȚȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȈ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȐȑ ȗȘȖȔȍȎțȚȖȒ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȘȧȌ ȈȒ-
ȚȐȊȕȣȝ Ȑ ȐșȗȣȚȈȕȕȣȝ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȖȊ ȗȖȋȐȉȓȐ ȕȈ șȊȖȐȝ ȗȖș-
ȚȈȝ ȖȚ ȘțȒȐ ȥȚȖȑ ȉȈȕȌȣ ǺȈȒ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȚȤșȧ ȕȍ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ Ǵȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ș ȒȖȘȕȍȔ ȊȣȘȊȈȚȤ ȊșȦ ȥȚț ȕȍȟȐșȚȤ Ȋȣ-
ȎȍȟȤ ȍȍ ȒȈȓȍȕȣȔ ȎȍȓȍȏȖȔ
ǸȈȉȖȟȐȍ Ȑ ȒȘȍșȚȤȧȕȍ ȊȊȍȘȐȓȐ ȕȈȔ ȖȝȘȈȕț ȏȈȊȖȍȊȈȕȐȑ
ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ Ȑ Ȕȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ ș ȟȍșȚȤȦ
ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȚȤ ȥȚț ȏȈȌȈȟț ǵț Ȉ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȏȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț ǬȍȕȤ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȖȐȚ ȋȖȘȧȟȐȑ ǵȈȌȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ȕȈȑȚȐ șȓȍȌȣ ȚȖȋȖ ȐȓȐ Țȍȝ
ȒȚȖ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ țȋȓȈ ȏȈȌțȠȐȓȐ ȚțȚ Ȏȍ, Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȐ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ, ȌȊțȝ
ȕȈȠȐȝ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ
DZșȎȐȎ XLII
ȅdzǹǼǰdzǸ ǿ DzdzǾdzǰȍǻǻǼǷ ǻǼDZǼǷ
ǺȈȔ ȋȌȍ ȒȖȕȟȈȓȖșȤ ȗȖȓȖȚȕȖ ȒȖȕȕȖȑ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ
ȕȈ ȋȘȈȕȐȞȍ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ Ȑ șȓȖȉȖȌȣ ǿțȎȖȑ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȖ
ǵȖȊȖșȚȘȖȧȡȍȍșȧ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȏȈȌȕȍȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȖȑ ȗȘȐȔȣȒȈȊȠȍȍ
Ȓ ȒȐȘȗȐȟȕȣȔ șȈȘȈȧȔ
ǿȈșȖȊ Ȋ ȠȍșȚȤ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ Ȋ țȏȒȖȔ ȗȍȘȍțȓȒȍ ȏȈȎȈȚȖȔ ȔȍȎȌț
șȚȍȕȖȑ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȈ Ȑ ȖȋȘȈȌȖȑ ȒȐȘȗȐȟȕȣȝ șȈȘȈȍȊ Ȑ ȗȖȟȚȐ Ȋșȍ-
ȋȌȈ ȉȍȏȓȦȌȕȖȔ ȌȈȎȍ ȌȕȍȔ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȖȌȐȕȖȒȈȧ ȜȐȋțȘȈ Ȏȍȕ-
ȡȐȕȣ ǶȋȓȧȌȍȊȠȐșȤ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ ȖȕȈ ȓȖȊȒȖ ȗȖȌȗȘȣȋȕțȓȈ
șȝȊȈȚȐȓȈșȤ ȏȈ ȊȍȚȒȐ ȒȓȍȕȈ ȊȣșȖȊȣȊȈȦȡȐȍșȧ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐ-
ȡȍȕșȒȖȑ șȚȍȕȣ Ȑ ȗȖȌȚȧȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ ȘțȒȈȝ ȊȓȍȏȓȈ ȕȈ șȚȍȕț
ǶȋȓȧȕțȊȠȐșȤ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȖȕȈ șȒȘȣȓȈșȤ ȏȈ șȚȍȕȖȑ șȗȘȣȋȕțȊ
ȕȈ ȖȌȕț Ȑȏ ȔȖȋȐȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȓȐȚ Ȑ ȉȣșȚȘȣȔȐ ȠȈȋȈȔȐ ȗȖȠȓȈ
ȊȌȖȓȤ șȚȍȕȣ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȖȕȈ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȈșȤ ȗȍ-
ȘȍȌ ȕȍȊȣșȖȒȖȑ ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȖȑ ȕȈ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȊȐȌȕȍȓȈșȤ
ȗȖȏȍȓȍȕȍȊȠȈȧ ȖȚ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȔȍȌȕȈȧ ȚȈȉȓȐȟȒȈ ȐȏȊȍȡȈȊȠȈȧ Ȗ

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ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȍ ©ȗȖȒȖȐȚșȧ ȗȘȈȝ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓ-ȔȈȑȖȘȈ ǩȖȋ-
ȌȈȕȖȊȈª ǶȚȒȘȣȊ ȐȔȍȊȠȐȔșȧ ț ȕȍȍ ȒȓȦȟȖȔ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȏȈ-
ȔȖȒ ȊȐșȍȊȠȐȑ ȕȈ ȌȊȍȘȧȝ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȈȧ ȗȖșȍȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȐȞȈ
ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȈ ȗȖȠȓȈ ȊȖȊȕțȚȘȤ ȗȘȐȒȘȣȊ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ ȌȊȍȘȤ
ǿȚȖ ȕțȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȍ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȏȈȚȝȓȖȑ ȗȖȒȖșȐȊȠȍȑ-
șȧ ȖȚ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȍ" ǿȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȚȈȔ ȕȈȌȍȧȓȈșȤ ȕȈȑȚȐ"
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȈ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȈȒ ȉȍȏȓȦȌȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȒȈ-
ȏȈȓȖșȤ ȕȈ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȊȏȋȓȧȌ ǷȖ Ȉȓȓȍȍ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȋȖ
ȊȝȖȌȈ Ƞȍȓ ȕȈ ȒȖșȚȣȓȧȝ ȗȖȎȐȓȖȑ ȕȐȡȐȑ
ǪȖȚ Ȗȕ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȓșȧ ș ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȖȑ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȊȖȠȓȈ Ȏȍȕ-
ȡȐȕȈ Ȑ ȚȐȝȖȕȤȒȖ șȊȐșȚȕțȓ ǬȊȍȘȤ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈșȤ Ȑ
ȕȐȡȐȑ ȒȖȊȣȓȧȧ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȏȈ ȕȍȑ
ǪȕțȚȘȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȟȚȐ șȖȊșȍȔ ȚȍȔȕȖ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ ȏȈȎȋȓȈ ȔȈ-
ȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȕȣȑ ȜȖȕȈȘȐȒ Ȑ ȗȘȐ ȍȋȖ șȓȈȉȖȔ șȊȍȚȍ ȔȖȎ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȋȘȖȔȈȌȕțȦ ȋȘȖȉȕȐȞț Ȉ ȊȖȏȓȍ ȕȍȍ ȕȈ ȏȍȔ-
ȓȍ — ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȌȊȍȘȞț ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȓȈ ȊȝȖȌ Ȋ șȒȓȍȗ
— ǷȖȔȖȋȐ Ȕȕȍ — șȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ șȝȊȈȚȐȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈ
ȒȖȓȤȞȖ ȊȊȍȘȕțȚȖȍ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȞț ȓȦȒȈ
ǵȐȡȐȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȖȚșȚȍȋȕțȓ ȘȍȔȍȕȤ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐ-
ȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȈȧ ȕȖȋȈ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȊ ȍȍ Ȋ țȋȖȓ Ȑ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ
ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȣȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ȚȊȍȘȌȖ șȚȖȧȡȐȔ ȕȈ șȊȖȐȝ șȖȉ-
șȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȕȖȋȈȝ
ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȔȐ țșȐȓȐȧȔȐ ȒȘȣȠȒȈ ȓȦȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȈ
ǪȕȐȏț ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ ȊȣȔȖȡȍȕȕȖȍ ȒȈȔȕȍȔ
ǪȖȏȌțȝ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȚȝȓȣȑ
ǻșȍȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȊȈȓȧȊȠȐȍșȧ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț ȒȈȔȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȓȐȚȣ ǷȘȐ
șȊȍȚȍ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ Ȋ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ țȏȕȈȚȤ ǭȓȍȕț Țț șȈ-
ȔțȦ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȕȣ țȎȍ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȕȈ ȌȈȟȍ ǸȧȉȐȕȈ
— ǵț ȒȈȒȐȍ ȕȖȊȖșȚȐ" — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓȈșȤ ȖȕȈ Ȓ ȕȐȡȍȔț
— ǹȖȊșȍȔ ȗȓȖȝȐȍ ȇ ȉțȌț ȖȟȍȕȤ ȒȖȘȖȚȖȒ ǶșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍȕȐȍ
ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊȈ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ Ȗȕ Ȑ ȌȊȈ ȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȝ ȟȓȍȕȈ ȕȈȠȍȑ Ȑ
ȉȍȏ ȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ țȉȐȚȣ
— ǵȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ǻȣ ȖȠȐȉșȧ ǪȍȌȤ Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȏȊȍȠȍȕȖ
Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȖ
— ǰ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȧ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȦ — Ȋșȍ țȉȐȚȣ ǵȖ Ȑ ȥȚȖ
ȍȡȍ ȕȍ Ȋșȍ ǹȓțȠȈȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ǵȈȠȈ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧ
ȕȈ șȊȖȍȑ ȠȒțȘȍ ȐșȗȣȚȈȓȈ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȒț ©ǩȍȌȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȝȖȌȐȚ ȖȌȕȈª ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȐȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȒȈȒ Țȣ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ șȘȈȏț

128
ȗȖșȓȍ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȌȈȟȍ ȊȣȍȝȈȓ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȋȓțȗȖ ȏȈșȣ-
ȗȈȓșȧ Ȋ dzȐșȒȈȝ ǹ ȕȐȔ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȗȖȗȈȓȐșȤ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ǪȍȠȕȍȊ,
ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȊȠȐȍșȧ ȗȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏț ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ǻ ȕȐȝ ȏȈ-
ȝȊȈȟȍȕȣ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȊȈȎȕȣȍ ȉțȔȈȋȐ șȖȌȍȘȎȈȕȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȔȖȎȍȚ
ȕȈș șȐȓȤȕȖ șȒȖȔȗȘȖȔȍȚȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ Ǫșȍ ȚȘȖȍ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ țȚȘȖȔ țȎȍ
ȘȈșșȚȘȍȓȧȕȣ
ǭȓȍȕȈ Ȋ ȉȍȠȍȕșȚȊȍ ȉȘȖșȐȓȈ ȜȖȕȈȘȐȒ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ ǵȈșȚțȗȐȓȈ
ȚȍȔȕȖȚȈ
— ǪȖȚ țȎ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ǰșȚȍȘȐȒȐ ȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȥȚȐȔ
Ȍȍȓț ȕȍ ȗȖȔȖȎȍȠȤ ǯȈȎȋȐ-ȒȈ ȓțȟȠȍ ȏȈȗȈșȕȖȑ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ Ȑ ȌȈ-
ȊȈȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȖȉșțȌȐȔ șȖȏȌȈȊȠȍȍșȧ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ǵȈȌȖ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ
ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ ȊȣȘțȟȐȚȤ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȊȏȧȚȣ
ț ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ǬȈ ȏȈȉȣȓ șȖȖȉȡȐȚȤ Țȍȉȍ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȕț ȕȖȊȖșȚȤ
ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȈȏȊȈȚȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȍȑ ȇ țȎȍ Țȍȉȍ ȊȟȍȘȈ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋ șȊȧȏȐ ș țȉȐȑșȚȊȖȔ ǨȓȍȒșȈȕȌȘȖȊșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ ǵȈȝȖȌ-
ȞȍȊȈ Ȑȏ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȊȣȏȊȈȕ Ȍȓȧ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȈ țȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ
ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȕȣ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ țȏȕȈȓȐ ȉȣȓȖ
ȌȈȕȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȐȚȤ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȐȓȐ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ ǩȈ-
ȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ, ȐȓȐ Ȏȍ ȗȖ ȗțȚȐ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒ ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ ǩȍȘȋ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ
Ȑ șȖȖȉȡȐȓ Ȕȕȍ ȟȚȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȋȐȉ ȉȘȖșȐȊȠȐșȤ ș Ȏȍȓȍȏ-
ȕȖȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȋȖ ȔȖșȚȈ Ȋ ǬȖȕ ǹȒȊȍȘȕȖ ȟȚȖ ș ȕȐȔ ȗȖȋȐȉ Ȑ ȍȋȖ
ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȧ țȊȍȘȍȕ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș ȕȈȠȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȔȕȖȋȖ
ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕȖȋȖ
— ǵȍȚ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȔȈȓȖ ǹȔȍȘȚȤ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ șȒȘȖȔ-
ȕȈȧ ȘȈșȗȓȈȚȈ ȏȈ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊȈ Ȑ ǯȈșȓȈȊșȒȖȋȖ Ǵȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ șȔȍȘȚȍȑ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȒȘȖȊȐ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȋȖȘȧȟȍȑ Ȑ ȒȘȈșȕȖȑ ǵțȎ-
ȕȖ șȗȘȈȊȐȚȤ ȒȘȖȊȈȊțȦ ȚȘȐȏȕț ǵțȎȕȖ șȕȖȊȈ ȗțșȚȐȚȤ Ȋ ȌȍȓȖ
©ȏȊȍȘȧª ȗțșȚȤ Ȗȕ ȌțȠȐȚ ȟȍȒȐșȚȖȊ
— ȇ Ȑ șȈȔ ȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ǵțȎȕȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ȕȖȟȤȦ ȕȈ-
ȟȈȚȤ ȌȍȓȖ
— ǺȖȓȤȒȖ Țȣ șȔȖȚȘȐ ȉțȌȤ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȍȑ ǷȘȖȊȈȓ ȔȖȎȍȚ
ȗȖȋțȉȐȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȠȍ ȌȍȓȖ
— ǩțȌȤ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȈ ȧ țȔȍȦ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȒȖȕșȗȐȘȐȘȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȌȈ
Ȑ ȒȚȖ ȗȖȌțȔȈȍȚ ȕȈ Ȕȍȕȧ"
— ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȗȖȘȈ ȐȌȚȐ
ǷȖȌȕȧȓȐșȤ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ ǴțȎȟȐȕȈ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȓ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕțȦ ȕȖ-
ȋț Ȑ ȟțȚȤ-ȟțȚȤ ȗȘȐȖȚȒȘȣȊ ȌȊȍȘȤ ȗȘȐșȓțȠȈȓșȧ ǬȖȎȌȤ ȓȐȓ
ȒȈȒ Ȑȏ ȊȍȌȘȈ ǺȍȔȤ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍȗȘȖȋȓȧȌȕȈȧ

129
ǵȈȌȊȐȕțȊ ȠȈȗȒț ȕȐȡȐȑ ȏȈȠȓȍȗȈȓ ȗȖ ȓțȎȈȔ
ǴȐȕțȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȊȣȠȓȈ Ȑ ǭȓȍȕȈ ȏȈȗȍȘȓȈ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȑ ȚȍȔ
Ȏȍ ȗțȚȍȔ ȒȈȒȐȔ ȗȘȐȠȓȈ ȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȟȍȘȍȏ șȚȍȕț ȗȍȘȍȉȘȈȓȈșȤ
ȕȈ țȓȐȞț Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ șȒȘȣȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ
DZșȎȐȎ XLIII
ǽǼ ǿǹdzDzǮǺ
ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕȐșȚ ǫǿDz ǴȐȠȈ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȎȐȓ ȗȖȟȚȐ ț DzțȘș-
ȒȖȋȖ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ǩȍȋȖȊȣȝ țȓȐȞ Ǫ ȚȖȚ ȊȍȟȍȘ ȒȖȋȌȈ
ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓȖ ȖȗȐșȣȊȈȍȔȖȍ ȕȈȔȐ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȒȓȈȌȉȐȡȍȕ-
șȒȖȑ ȟȈșȖȊȍȕȒȍ ȍȔț ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȐȌȚȐ ȕȈ ȌȍȎțȘșȚȊȖ ǶȉȓȈȟȐȊ-
ȠȐșȤ Ȋ șȚȈȘȍȕȤȒțȦ ȠȐȕȍȓȤȒț șȚȧȕțȊ ȍȍ ȗȖȒȘȍȗȟȍ ȗȖȧșȖȔ Ȑ
ȖȌȍȊ ©ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȒȐª ǴȐȠȈ ȝȘȈȉȘȖ ȏȈȠȈȋȈȓ ȗȖ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȊȠȐȔ-
șȧ Ȋ ȉȖȓȖȚȖ țȓȐȞȈȔ ǰȌȚȐ ȗȖ ǩȍȋȖȊȣȔ țȓȐȞȈȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȍ
ȐȔȍȓȐ ȔȖșȚȖȊȣȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȕȖȋȐ ȘȈșȗȖȓ-
ȏȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȘȈȏȕȣȍ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ Ȑ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȔ ȈȒ-
ȘȖȉȈȚȖȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍ ȐșȒțȗȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȋȘȧȏȐ
Ǫ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ ȓțȎȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȊȍȓȐȒȈ ǴȐȠȈ ȗȘȐ-
ȎȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ ȏȈȉȖȘț șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȉȐȘȈȚȤșȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍȍ.
Dz ȕȍșȟȈșȚȤȦ, ȕȈ ȥȚȖȔ ȗțȚȐ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐ-
ȓȖșȤ ȗȘȍȗȧȚșȚȊȐȍ ǵȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ȍȔț ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȓȈșȤ
ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȚȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȈȧ ȜȐȋțȘȈ ȕȈ ȒȖșȚȣȓȧȝ ǴȐȠȈ ȗȖșȚȈ-
ȘȈȓșȧ ȍȡȍ Țȍșȕȍȑ ȗȘȐȎȈȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȏȈȉȖȘț ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȘȖȗțșȚȐȚȤ
ȒȈȓȍȒț ȕȖ ȕȖȋȐ ȕȍ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȊ ȖȗȖȘȣ ȘȈȏȢȍȝȈȓȐșȤ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȗȖ-
ȓȍȚȍȓ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȋ ȓțȎț șȉȐȊ ș ȕȖȋ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȊȠȍȋȖșȧ ȍȔț ȟȍȓȖ-
ȊȍȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȈȌȈȧ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȊȏȌȘȖȋȕțȓ ȌȖ ȚȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȔ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȍȔț
ȥȚȖȚ ȋȖȓȖș Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ țȊȍȘȍȕ ȟȚȖ ȋȌȍ-ȚȖ ȟȈșȚȖ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȍȋȖ ǵȖ
ȋȌȍ — ȊȖȚ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȚȤ
DzȈȓȍȒȈ ȉȈȘȈȝȚȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȋȘȧȏȐ — ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȈȧ ȕȖȋȈ ȔȍȠȈȓȈ
ȍȔț ȊșȚȈȚȤ

130
— ǷȖȌȖȎȌȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȖȔȖȋț — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ȍȔț
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȊȣȚȐȘȈȧ ȓȐȞȖ Ȑ ȘțȒȐ Ȗ ȗȖȓȣ ȠȐȕȍȓȐ
ǵȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȊȍȌȧ șȍȉȧ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȖȒ Ȗȕ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȚȤ
ȊșȚȈȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒț ș ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȖȑ ȕȖȋȖȑ ǺȖȚ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȌȣȠȈȓ Ȑ
ȗȖȟȍȔț-ȚȖ ȓȍȊȖȑ ȘțȒȖȑ ȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ ȏȈ ȗȖȌȉȖȘȖȌȖȒ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ
ȉȣ ȉȖȧȓșȧ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȔȖȒȠȈȧ ȊȣȗȈȟȒȈȕȕȈȧ Ȋ ȋȘȧȏȐ ȉȖȘȖȌȈ țȉȍ-
ȎȐȚ ȖȚ ȕȍȋȖ
ǪȖȚ țȎȍ Ȗȕ șȚȖȐȚ ȕȈ ȕȖȋȈȝ ȖȗȐȘȈȧșȤ ȕȈ ȒȖșȚȣȓȤ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ șȚȈȘȈȍȚșȧ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȓȐȞȖ Ȑ ȖȕȖ șȓȖȊ-
ȕȖ ȕȈȘȖȟȕȖ ȌȖ ȚȈȒȖȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȏȈȔȈȏȈȕȖ ȋȘȧȏȤȦ ȟȚȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘ
ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȌȈȍȚ
— ǵț ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ Ȕȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȕȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȏȈȗȖȏȌȈȓ ǷȘȖ-
ȡȈȑ
DzȈȓȍȒȈ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȘȖȔȣȟȈȓ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȋȖȓȖșȖȔ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ
ȕȍȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȔ Ȑ ȕȍȗȖȝȖȎȐȔ ȕȈ ȚȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȚȈ-
ȒȐȔ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȔ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȗȖȠȍȓ ȕȈ ȌȍȎțȘșȚȊȖ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȎȐȏ-
ȕȐ ȕȈȘțȠȐȊ ȌȐșȞȐȗȓȐȕț ǷȘȖȑȌȧ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ Ȑ șȊȍȘȕțȊ ȏȈ
țȋȖȓ Ȗȕ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ Ȑ șȚȈȓ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȒțȌȈ ȗȖȑȌȍȚ ȕȐȡȐȑ —
șȓȣȠȈȕȕȣȑ ȐȔ ȋȖȓȖș ȕȍ ȌȈȊȈȓ ȍȔț ȗȖȒȖȧ
ǵȐȡȐȑ ȗȖșȚȖȧȓ Ȗȋȓȧȕțȓșȧ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ ȊȣȚȍȘ ȓȐȞȖ
Ȑ șȕȧȊ ȉȖȘȖȌț ȘȈȏȋȓȈȌȐȓ ȍȍ Ȑ șȕȖȊȈ ȖȌȍȊ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ȗȖ
ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ȊȖȒȏȈȓț ȠȓȍȗȈȧ ȗȖ ȓțȎȈȔ
©ȅȋȍ Ǩ ȊȍȌȤ ȧ ȕȍ ȖȠȐȉșȧ ǺțȚ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȕȍ ȚȈȒ ǩȍȏ ȌȍȓȈ
ȚȈȒȐȔ ȔȈșȒȈȘȈȌȖȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȚȤșȧ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚª
ǶȚȗțșȚȐȊ ȕȐȡȍȋȖ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ
ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ǪȖȚ ȒȖȕȟȐȓȐșȤ ǩȍȋȖȊȣȍ țȓȐȞȣ șȊȍȘȕțȓȐ Ȓ șȚȖȓȉȈȔ
ȏȈșȚȈȊȣ ț ǯȈȌȖȕșȒȖȋȖ ȠȖșșȍ Ȑ ȗȖȠȓȐ ȗȈȘȈȓȓȍȓȤȕȖ ȚȦȘȤȔȍ
ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȧșȤ Ȓ DzțȘșȒȖȔț ȗȍȘȍȍȏȌț Ȑ ȏȌȈȕȐȦ ȝȖȓȖȌȐȓȤȕȐȒȈ
ǷȘȖȠȓȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȍȘȍȍȏȌ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ șȗȘȧȚȈȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈ șȚȖȘȖȎȍȊȖȑ ȉțȌȒȖȑ șȚȈȓ ȕȈȉ-
ȓȦȌȈȚȤ ȒțȌȈ Ȏȍ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȗȖȑȌȍȚ ȊȣșȓȍȎȐȊȈȍȔȣȑ ȐȔ ȟȍȓȖ-
ȊȍȒ ǺȖȚ ȗȍȘȍȑȌȧ ȗȍȘȍȍȏȌ șȊȍȘȕțȓ ȊȗȘȈȊȖ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȋȓȈȊ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȆȋȖ-ǪȖșȚȖȟȕȖȑ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖȑȌȧ
ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȖȌȕȐȔ ȚȖȊȈȘȕȣȔ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȔ ȗȖȌ
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ Ȑ Ȑșȟȍȏ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȗȘȖȎȌȈȊ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ șȚȈȓ ȓȍȊȖȑ șȚȖ-
ȘȖȕȖȑ ȚȐȝȖȕȤȒȖ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȊȈȋȖȕț ǬȊȍȘȐ ș ȚȖȑ Ȑ ȌȘț-

131
ȋȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȒȘȣȚȣ ȕȈȒȐȌȒȈȔȐ ǷȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈȔȐ ȚȈȒ-
Ȏȍ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ǷȘȐșȓțȠȈȓșȧ — ȊȕțȚȘȐ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ ȒȚȖ-ȚȖ
ȠȍȊȍȓȐȓșȧ
©ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ȍșȚȤ ȓȈȏȍȑȒȈ ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȖȔ — șȖȖȉȘȈȏȐȓ ǭȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȒȖ — ǵț ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ ȗȖȌȖȎȌȍȔ ȕȍ ȊȍȒ Ȗȕ ȚȈȔ șȐȌȍȚȤ ȉț-
ȌȍȚª
ǵȍ țșȗȍȓ Ȗȕ țȓȍȟȤșȧ ȏȈ Ȓțȟȍȑ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȋȖ ȓȖȔȈ ȒȈȒ Ȑȏ-
ȗȖȌ ȊȈȋȖȕȈ Ȋȣȓȍȏ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȣȑ ȉȍȏ ȒȖșȚȣȓȍȑ
Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȊ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȣȍ ȊȏȋȓȧȌȣ ȒȘțȋȖȔ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȖȠȍȓ Ȋ
șȚȖȘȖȕț ȋȖȘȖȌȈ
ǺȖ ȟȍȋȖ ȚȈȒ ȌȖȉȐȊȈȓșȧ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ — ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȓȐȞȖ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ — ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȖȊȍȘ-
ȕțȓșȧ șȗȐȕȖȑ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȍȔț ȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȊȈȋȖȕ ȐȓȐ
ȐȌȚȐ șȓȍȌȖȔ ȏȈ ȕȍȏȕȈȒȖȔȞȍȔ
©ǪȈȋȖȕ ȕȍ țȉȍȎȐȚ — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ Ȗȕ — ǵȈȌȖ țȏȕȈȚȤ ȒțȌȈ
ȗȖȠȍȓ ȚȖȚ ȓȦȉȐȚȍȓȤ ȔȈșȒȈȘȈȌȈ ǫȖȓȖȊț ȌȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ș ȌȖȉ-
ȘȣȔȐ ȕȈȔȍȘȍȕȐȧȔȐ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȌȖ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ ȗȖȌȈȓȤȠȍ ȟȚȖ-
ȉȣ ȕȍ șȗțȋȕțȚȤ ȍȋȖª
ǷȘȖȝȖȌȐȚȤ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȔȐȔȖ ȌȖȔȐȒȈ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ Ȗȕ ȎȐȓ ș
ȔȈȚȍȘȤȦ Ȑ șȍșȚȘȖȑ ǩȣșȚȘȖ șȉȘȖșȐȓ ȠȐȕȍȓȤ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȒȐȕțȓ ȍȍ
ȟȍȘȍȏ ȏȈȉȖȘ
©ǺȈȒ-ȚȖ ȓțȟȠȍ Ȉ ȚȖ ȍȡȍ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȗȖ ȠȐȕȍȓȐ țȏȕȈȍȚª
ǵȍȏȕȈȒȖȔȍȞ Ƞȍȓ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ǪȖȚ țȎȍ Ȑ ǬȖȓȋȐȍ ȘȧȌȣ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȖȚșȚȈȓ șȗȘȧȚȈȊȠȐșȤ ȏȈ ȟȈșȖȊȕȍȑ ǺȖȓȒțȟȍȋȖ Șȣȕ-
ȒȈ
©DzțȌȈ Ȏȍ ȍȋȖ ȟȍȘȚȐ ȕȍșțȚ" ǪȘȖȌȍ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ Ȋ ȔȖȕȈșȚȣȘȤ
ȐȓȐ Ȓ ȘȍȒȍ ǿȍȋȖ ȥȚȖ Ȗȕ ȘȈȏȋțȓȧȓșȧ"ª
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȍȏȕȈȒȖȔȍȞ șȊȍȘȕțȓ Ȋ Țț șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȗ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ
ȔȍȕȤȠȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȌțȔȈȓ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ — Ȋ ȗȍȘȍțȓȖȒ ȋȌȍ ȗȖȔȍȡȈ-
ȍȚșȧ ǫǿDz
©ǵț țȎ ȖȚșȦȌȈ-ȚȖ Țȣ ȕȍ țȑȌȍȠȤ ȋȖȓțȉȟȐȒª — ȗȘȖȉȖȘ-
ȔȖȚȈȓ Ȗȕ ȐȏțȔȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȖȘȖȚȖȔ ȌȍȓȈ Ȑ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȉȍ-
ȋȖȔ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ șȓȍȌȖȔ
ǪȖȚ Ȑ țȓȐȞȈ ǷțșȚȖ ȕȍȚ ȕȐȒȖȋȖ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊȣȍ ǭȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȒȖ Ȓ ȕȐȔ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ȚțȚ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȓ?
— ǵȐȒȚȖ

132
—ǨȋȌȍȎȍȖȕȌȍȓșȧ"
— DzȚȖ Ȗȕ"
—ǬȈȧșȈȔȍȡȍȕȍȏȕȈȦȒȚȖ
— ǺȈȒ ȟȍȋȖ Ȏȍ Țȣ ȊȖȓȕțȍȠȤșȧ"
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ Ȋșȍ Ȑ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȗȘȖșȐȓ ȗȖȌțȔȈȚȤ ȕȍ
ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȓȐ ȟȈșȖȊȣȍ ȒȖȋȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ
— ǵȍȚ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȚȖȉȖȑ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȚȖȚ șȈȔȣȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖȔ-
ȕȐȠȤ ȕȍȌȍȓȐ ȗȖȓȚȖȘȣ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ǪȍȌȤ
ȕȍ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ Ȏȍ Țȣ ȋȕȈȓșȧ"
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȕȍ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ Ȑ ȚȐȝȖ ȗȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȌȍȎțȘȒț
— ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȋȌȍ Țȍȉȧ ȏȈȌȈȊȐȓȖ" ǹȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ
ȏȖȊȍȚ Țȍȉȧ ǭȔț ȕȈȌȖ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȚȤ șȘȖȟȕȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȖȋȘȈȔȔț
ǵȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȧ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ ǹȚȖȧȕ-
șȒȖȋȖ ǺȖȚ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȗȐșȈȓ șȒȓȖȕȐȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈȌ șȚȖȓȖȔ
— ȇ șȓțȠȈȦ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ
ǷȐșȈȊȠȐȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȖȌȕȧȓ ȋȖȓȖȊț
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ǫȌȍ Ȏȍ Ȋȣ ȗȘȖȗȈȓȐ" ǶȚȗȘȈȊȤȚȍ
șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȥȚț ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȖȋȘȈȔȔț
ǹȓȖȊȕȖ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚ Ȋȏȧȓ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȖȋȘȈȔȔț Ȑ ȕȍ
ȋȖȊȖȘȧ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȊȣȠȍȓ
©ȅȚȖȚ ȋȖȓȖș ǫȖȓȖș ȕȐȡȍȋȖ ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ" Ǩ ȍșȓȐ" ǵȍȚ
ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤª
ǰ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȊ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȚȖ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȍ-
ȘȍȌȈȊȈȚȤ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȖȋȘȈȔȔț
DZșȎȐȎ ;/,9
ǵǰdzǾȊ ǰȉȆdzǹ ǻǮ ǾǮǯǼȀȁ
ǷȍȘȊȣȑ ȟȈș ȕȖȟȐ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ ȕȍ ȊșȚȈȊȈȧ Ƕȕ
ȊȐȌȐȔȖ șȗȍȠȐȚ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȚȖ ȌȍȓȖ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȊșȚȈȓ șȖȉȘȈȓ ȐșȗȐșȈȕȕȣȍ ȓȐșȚȣ ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ȑ ȗȖ-
ȓȖȎȐȊ Ȑȝ Ȋ ȗȖȘȚȜȍȓȤ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȧȡȐȒ ȗȐșȤȔȍȕȕȖȋȖ șȚȖȓȈ Ȑ Ȋȣ-

133
ȕțȓ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȧȡȐȟȍȒ ȗȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȍȋȖ ȕȈ șȚȖȓ Ȑ ȗȖȌȖȑ-
Ȍȧ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȏȈȗȍȘ ȍȍ ȕȈ ȒȓȦȟ ǪȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ șȚȖȓț Ȗȕ ȖȚ-
ȒȘȣȓ ȧȡȐȟȍȒ Ȑ Ȋȣȕțȓ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȌȊȈ ȒȈȒȐȝ-ȚȖ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȈ ȕȈ
ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȊȏȋȓȧȌ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȦȡȐȝ ȗȍȘȟȈȚȒȐ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ Ȑȝ Ȋ
ȒȈȘȔȈȕȣ ȉȘȦȒ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȖȒȕț ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖȋȓȧȌȍȓ țȓȐ-
Ȟț Ȑ ȖȉȡȍȎȐȚȐȍ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȈ ǶȚȗȍȘ ȚȐȝȖ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȑ Ȋȣȋȓȧȕțȓ Ȋ
ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘ Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȐȝȖ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȕȐȏț Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȍȕȌȈȕȚșȒȖȑ,
ȌȖȕȖșȐȓșȧ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȠțȔ ȋȖȓȖșȖȊ ǷȖșȚȖȧȊ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ț ȖȚȒȘȣ-
ȚȖȑ ȌȊȍȘȐ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȊȏȧȊ ȗȈȗȒț ȌȍȓȈ șȖ șȚȖȓȈ ȗȘȐȒȘȣȓ
ȌȊȍȘȤ ȕȍ ȏȈȗȐȘȈȧ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȈ ȒȓȦȟ Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ
ȕȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȠțȔȈ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȈ DzȈȋȖȘ-
ȚȖȊȈ
ǪȖȚ țȎȍ Ȗȕ ț ȌȊȍȘȐ ǷȘȐșȓțȠȈȓșȧ ǷȖșȚțȟȈȓ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȔȖȎȕȖ Ȓ ȊȈȔ ȗȖ șȘȖȟȕȖȔț Ȍȍȓț"
— ǪȖȑȌȐȚȍ
ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȌȊȍȘȤ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȗȐșȈȓ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ
— Ǩ ȥȚȖ Ȋȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ǵț ȊȣȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȑȚȍ Ȋ
ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ"
— ǷȖșȔȖȚȘȐȚȍ ȊȖȚ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓ ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ ȉȍȋȓȖ — Ȑ
ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ ȕȈ șȚȖȓ șȊȖȦ ȖȉȢȍȔȐșȚțȦ ȗȈȗȒț ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȜȖȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȒȈȘȚȖȟȍȒ Ȑ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔ
DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘ Ȑ, ȊȐȌȕȖ, ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȏȈȐȕ-
ȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȓșȧ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȕȕȣȔ ȍȔț ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȖȔ
ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȘȈșȝȈȎȐȊȈȓ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ ș ȗȈȗȐȘȖșȒȖȑ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȐȚȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȖȒȕȖ șȚȘȈȠ-
ȕȖ ȕȈȒțȘȍȕȖ
— ǶȚȒȘȣȊȈȑȚȍ
ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȗȖȌȖȑȌȧ Ȓ ȖȒȕț ȘȈșȗȈȝȕțȓ ȍȋȖ ǽȖȓȖȌȕȈȧ șȚȘțȧ
ȊȖȏȌțȝȈ ȗȖȗȓȣȓȈ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ șȓȍȋȒȈ ȗȖȍȎȐȓșȧ
ȕȖ ȕȍ ȉȘȖșȐȓ ȟȐȚȈȚȤ
ǪȣȕțȊ Ȑȏ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȈ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȕȣȍ ȚțȌȈ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȍ ȗȘȍȌȔȍ-
Țȣ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȕȈȌȍȓ Ȑȝ ȕȈ ȘțȒȐ ǫȓȈȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȏȓȖȉȕȖ șȊȍȘȒȈ-
ȓȐ dzȐȞȖ ȐșȒȘȐȊȐȓȖșȤ ȝȐȡȕȖȑ țȓȣȉȒȖȑ ǶșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȖȌ-
ȕȧȊ ȘțȒȐ ȗȘȐȟȍȔ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓȖșȤ ȓȍȋȒȖȍ ȡȍȓȒȈȕȤȍ ȘȍȏȒȐȔ
ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍȔ Ȗȕ șȎȈȓ ȋȖȘȓȖ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȐȊȠȍȔțșȧ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊț
ȅȚȐ ȘțȒȐ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȘțȒȈȔȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȟȍȘȕȣȍ,
ȊȖȓȖșȈȚȣȍ Ȑ ȒȖȋȚȐșȚȣȍ ȏȊȍȘȐȕȣȍ ȓȈȗȣ

134
DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑȏ șȊȖȍȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ
ȌȊȍȘȤ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ ȗȖ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘț ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ Ȍȓȧ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȝ ȕȖ-
ȟȤȦ, ȊȖȏȓȍ șȈȔȖȑ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȣ, ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈșȤ Ȑ ȖȚȚțȌȈ Ȋȣȋȓȧȕțȓ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ǷȘȖȊȖȌȐȊ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȖȋȖ Ȑ țȉȍȌȐȊȠȐșȤ
ȟȚȖ ȚȖȚ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊȈ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȖȟ-
ȚȐ ȉȍȋȖȔ — șȈȗȖȋȐ Ȗȕ șȕȧȓ ȊȖ ȐȏȉȍȎȈȕȐȍ ȠțȔȈ — ȚȈȒȎȍ ȌȖ-
ȉȘȈȓșȧ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ
DzȖȋȌȈ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȖȒȕȖ ȗȖȘȣȊ ȊȍȚȘȈ țȌȈȘȐȓ Ȋ
ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȑ ȖȕȈ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈșȤ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȊȐȌȍȓ
ȊȕțȚȘȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ
DzȖȋȌȈ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȐȑ șȎȈȓ ȏȊȍȘȐȕȣȔȐ ȒȖȋȚȧȔȐ ȋȖȘȓȖ DzȖ-
ȋȖȘȚȖȊȈ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ș ȕȈȋȈȕȖȔ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȖȌȕȐȔ ȗȘȣȎȒȖȔ Ȗȟț-
ȚȐȓșȧ ȗȖșȘȍȌȐ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ Ȑ ȊȣȗțșȚȐȓ ȌȊȈ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȈ Ȋ șȖȋȕțȊ-
ȠȍȋȖșȧ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȖȋȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ șțȌȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȐȏȊȐȊȈȧșȤ ȗȖȒȈȚȐȓ-
șȧ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ șȐȌȍȚȤ șȖȋȕțȊȠȐșȤ
©ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȏȍ ȥȚȈ șȖȉȈȒȈ țșȗȍȓȈ ȏȈȌțȠȐȚȤ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ
DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊȈª — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ Ȑ șȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȋȘȈȜȐȕ ș ȊȖ-
ȌȖȑ Ȗȕ șȚȈȓ ȔȖȟȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȓȐȞȖ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȊȏȌȖȝȕțȓ Ȑ
ȍȋȖ ȘțȒȐ ȗȖȌȕȧȓȐșȤ Ȓ Ƞȍȍ Ƕȕ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȋȓȈȏȈ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ" ǯȈȟȍȔ Țȣ ȏȌȍșȤ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ" DzȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȓȍ-
ȎȐȚ ȕȈ ȒȖȊȘȍ"
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȧ ȐȏȓȖȊȐȓ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȝȖ-
Țȍȓ ȊȈș ȏȈȌțȠȐȚȤ ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ țȎȍ ȏȈȌțȠȐȓ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȚȖ-
ȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ǩȈȕȌȐȚ ȥȚȖȚ ȗȖȌ ȊȐȌȖȔ ǹȚȖȧȕșȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȖȕȐȒ Ȋ ȕȈ-
Ƞț ȘȈȉȖȚț ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȗȕ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓ ȏȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȓȈȚț
— Ǻȣ ȍȋȖ țȉȐȓ ȐȓȐ ȘȈȕȐȓ"
— ǵȍ ȏȕȈȦ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ǸȈȏȊȍ Ȋ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ
ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȘȈȏȉȐȘȈȚȤșȧ ȒțȌȈ șȚȘȍȓȧȚȤ" ǯȕȈȦ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȊșȈ-
ȌȐȓ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ȌȊȍ ȗțȓȐ
— ǵț-ȒȈ ȗȖȑȌȍȔ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ
ǷȖȌȖȠȓȐ Ȑ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈȌ ȓȍȎȈȡȐȔ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ ȔȍȘȚȊ
ǶȌȕȈ ȗțȓȧ ȗȖȗȈȓȈ Ȋ ȠȍȦ Ȉ ȌȘțȋȈȧ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊț
— ǷȖșȔȖȚȘȐȚȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȟȚȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȘțȒȈȝ
ǶȉȈ ȕȈȋȕțȓȐșȤ Ȑ șȚȈȓȐ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤ
ǵȈ ȘțȒȈȝ țȉȐȚȖȋȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȈȌȍȚȣ ȔȍȌȊȍȎȤȐ ȓȈȗȣ ȖȗțȠȍȕ-
ȕȣȍ ȟȍȘȕȣȔȐ ȊȖȓȖșȈȔȐ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ șȕȧȓ Ȑȝ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȘȈșșȔȈȚ-
ȘȐȊȈȚȤ

135
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȚȍ-ȒȈ ȊȍȌȤ ȖȕȐ ȕȈ ȗȘț-
ȎȐȕȒȈȝ
ǰ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ — Ȓ șȈȔȣȔ ȒȖȋȚȧȔ ȠȓȐ șȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȗȘț-
ȎȐȕȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ șȖ șȚȘȈȠȕȖȑ șȐȓȖȑ șȎȐȔȈȓȐ ȒȖȋȚȐ Ǫ ȥȚȖȔ
ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ țȉȍȌȐȓșȧ ȕȈ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔ ȖȗȣȚȍ Ƕȕ ȕȈȌȍȓ ȕȈ ȖȌ-
ȕț ȘțȒț ȏȊȍȘȐȕțȦ ȓȈȗț Ȑ șȎȈȊ ȍȑ ȌȘțȋțȦ ȊȏȊȣȓ ȖȚ ȉȖȓȐ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȗȖȔȖȋȐȚȍ ȧ ȕȍ ȔȖȋț ȊȣșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚȤ
ȘțȒț ǹȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȉȖȓȤȕȖ
DzȖȋȖȘȚȖȊ ȕȈȎȈȓ ȕȈ ȖȉȖȌȖȒ ȠȍȌȠȐȑ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ȗȍȘȟȈȚȒȐ Ȑ
ȒȖȋȚȐ ȘȈșȗȈȓȐșȤ ǸțȒȈ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȗȖșȐȕȍȓȈ
— ǬȈ ȠȚțȟȒȈ — ȗȘȖȉȖȘȔȖȚȈȓ Ȗȕ
— ǵț ȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ șȗȈșȐȉȖ Țȍȉȍ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȟȚȖ Țȣ
ȊȣȏȊȖȓȐȓ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȚ ȥȚȖȑ ȠȚțȟȒȐ ǶȗȖȏȌȈȑ Țȣ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ Ȑ ȕȈ-
țȚȘȖ ȕȈȠȓȐ ȉȣ Ȑ Ȕȍȕȧ ȏȈȌțȠȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȏȊȍȘȐȕȣȔȐ ȓȈȗȈȔȐ
— ǵț țȎ ȕȍȚ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ǶȗȖȏȌȈȚȤ ȧ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȇ
ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȊȍșȤ ȊȍȟȍȘ șȓȍȎț — Ȑ ǭȘȍȔȍȕȒȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȖ-
ȐșȠȍșȚȊȐȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ
DZșȎȐȎ ;/9
ȀdzǹdzȂǼǻǻȉǷ ǽǾǼǰǼDz
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȚȖȘȖȗȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ǶȕȐ ȠȓȐ
ȗȖ ȗȖȓȖȚȕț ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ DzȈȒ ȕȐ șȚȈȘȈȓȐșȤ ȖȕȐ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȈȌȈȚȤ ȔȍșȚȖȕȈȝȖȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȚȈȒ ȕȍȖȉȣ-
ȟȈȑȕȖ țȌȈȓȖșȤ șȗȈșȚȐșȤ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȍ — ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ țȌȈȊȈȓȖșȤ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ țȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȔȍșȚȈ
ǻșȚȈȓȖșȚȤ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȣȝ ȗȍȘȍȎȐȊȈȕȐȑ șȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈșȤ
ǶȕȐ ȚȖ Ȑ ȌȍȓȖ ȗȘȐșȈȎȐȊȈȓȐșȤ ȖȚȌȣȝȈȚȤ ȕȈ ȕȈșȣȗȐ
ǿȈșȈȔ Ȓ ȚȘȍȔ ȖȕȐ țȎȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȌȊȈȌ-
ȞȈȚȐ ȊȍȘșȚ ȖȚ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ șȟȐȚȈȧ ȗȖ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȔț
ȗțȚȐ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȌȈȊȈȑȚȍ șȖȒȘȈȚȐȔ ȕȈȠ ȗțȚȤ —
ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ — ǭșȓȐ ȐȌȚȐ ȗȘȧȔȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȓȍș ȚȖ ȚțȚ

136
ȌȖ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȌȍșȧȚȐ ȊȍȘșȚ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ șȖȋȓȈșȐȓșȧ Ƕȕ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȟȍȔ șȒȖȘȍȍ ȖȕȐ ȉț-
ȌțȚ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ȚȍȔ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȉțȌȍȚ șȗȈșȚȐ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ǰȏ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐ Ȗȕ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȍ-
ȕȐȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ȚȈȔ Ȋ ȗȍȡȍȘȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍ ȉȓȍșȚȧȡȍȍ Ǫ ǩȈȘȈ-
ȕȖȊșȒȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ ȔȖȉȐȓȐȏȖȊȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ șȐȓȣ ȕȈ
ȗȖȐșȒȐ ȥȚȖȑ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ ǵȈȑȚȐ ȍȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ
ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ȕȖȟȤȦ
ǶȕȐ șȊȍȘȕțȓȐ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȖȚ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȌȖȘȖȎȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȓȖȚȕȈ
Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȝ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȝ ȕȈȟȈȊȠȍȋȖșȧ ȓȍșȈ.
— ǺțȚ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȕȈȔ ȕțȎȕȖ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȥȚȐ
ȓȍșȈ ȊșȍȋȌȈ șȓțȎȐȓȐ țȉȍȎȐȡȍȔ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȐȏȔȈ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ șȔȖȚ-
ȘȐ Ȋ ȖȉȈ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ Ƕȕ șȈȔ ȊȍȓȐ-
ȒȖȓȍȗȕȖ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ șȖȒȘȈȡȈȧ șȊȖȑ ȗțȚȤ ȖȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȖȌȊȍȘȋȈȦȚ șȍȉȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ ǵȖ ȘȈșșțȎȌȈȚȤ
ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ DzȈȎȌȣȑ ȓȐȠȕȐȑ ȊȣȐȋȘȈȕȕȣȑ ȟȈș ȔȖȋ ȗȘȐ-
ȕȍșȚȐ șȗȈșȍȕȐȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț
— ȇ șȖȉȍȘț Ȋșȍȝ ȘȍȉȧȚ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȐșȒȖȊ ȗȍȡȍ-
Șȣ — ȊȍȌȤ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȓȍȌȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ Ȏȍ ȉȣȚȤ
DzȘțȋȖȔ ȗȓȖȚȕȖȑ șȚȍȕȖȑ șȚȖȧȓ ȓȍș Ǫ ȓȍșț ȉȣȓȖ ȔȘȈȟȕȖ
Ȑ șȣȘȖ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ ȖȌȐȕ ȓțȟ șȖȓȕȞȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȝȖȌȐȓ șȦȌȈ ǺȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȊ ȊȊȍȘȝ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȒȈȒ ȔȍȎȌț ȌȍȘȍ-
ȊȤȧȔȐ ȋȖȓțȉȍȓȖ ȕȍȉȖ
ǷȘȖȑȌȧ ȊȍȘșȚȣ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȘȐșȍȓȐ
ȕȈ șȚȊȖȓȍ ȌȍȘȍȊȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ ȗȖȊȈȓȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȉțȘȍȑ
— DzȈȒ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȘȖȋȖȓȖȌȈȓșȧ, ȕȍȉȖșȤ"
— ǬȈ ȕȍ ȔȍȠȈȓȖ ȉȣ ȗȍȘȍȒțșȐȚȤ ǵȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈȑȌȍȠȤ
ȒȘȖȔȍ ȋȕȐȓȣȝ ȓȐșȚȤȍȊ" ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ǷȖȚȍȘȗȐȔ ǺțȚ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ȌȖ
ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȗțșȚȧȒȐ
ǷȍȘȍȌȖȝȕțȊ ș ȗȖȓȟȈșȈ ȖȕȐ ȌȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ
— ǷȖșȚȖȑ ǷȈȊȍȓ Țȣ ȒȈȒ —ȓȈȏȐȚȤ ȔȈșȚȍȘ"
— Ǫ ȌȊȈ șȟȍȚȈ ȏȈȉȍȘțșȤ ȒțȌȈ țȋȖȌȕȖ
— ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȕȍ ȔȍȠȈȓȖ ȉȣ Ȋșȍ-ȚȈȒȐ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȋȌȍ Ȕȣ
ȕȈȝȖȌȐȔșȧ ǿȍȔ ȟȍȘȚ ȕȍ ȠțȚȐȚ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȓȍșț Ȑ ȏȈȉȓțȌȐȚȤșȧ
ȕȍȔțȌȘȍȕȖ
— ǺȈȒ ȥȚȖ ȧ șȍȑȟȈș ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȍȘȍȊȖ
ȗȖȊȣȠȍ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤ…

ǪȣȉȘȈȊ ȊȣșȖȒțȦ ȒȘȈșȐȊțȦ ȊȍȚȊȐșȚțȦ șȖșȕț ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ
ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȒȈȘȈȉȒȈȚȤșȧ dzȈȏȐȚȤ ȗȖ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔ ȉȣȓȖ Ȍȓȧ
ȕȍȋȖ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍȔ — ȗȖȥȚȖȔț Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș Ȗȕ
ȘȈșȞȊȍȓ ȖȚ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȧ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȚȤ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț șȊȖȦ ȓȖȊȒȖșȚȤ DzȈȒ
ȒȖȠȒȈ ȉȍȏ ȖșȖȉȣȝ ȏȈȚȘțȌȕȍȕȐȑ Ȗȕ ȌȖȉȘȈȓșȧ ȌȖ ȉȓȐȎȈȑ-
ȠȐȝ ȊȍȚȖȒ Ȑ ȟȍȘȍȏ șȍȒțȕȌț șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȐȕȖ-
ȋȌȈ ȊȐȌȍȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȒȈȒ ȔȍȓȤȒȈȓȈ șȘȍȌȐ ȓȐșȚȤȍȊ ǷȈȊȓțȠ-
ȒȐȕȈ ȋȖȓȖȊȈ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȉȖȔȉȖȑ șȗțșȚȐȓșȧ ȊȕȐȏ ǷȖȕȐ-
ȏȐȊ ȋȖȓȖș Ȗȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț
— ǺȈȔ ȗȖȊȍȘȝț ȐȌȍȚ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ ȧ ȌțȔȈȦ ȥȚȖ Ȑ
ȍșȚȤ ȚȖȚ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȐȔȍȍȚ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ ș ȗȍȡȍȘȖȑ Ǩ
ȊȖȚ Ȋ ȚȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȍ ȕȈȌ ȓȍșȖȔ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȒȘțȚȐȚșȧ ȋȈȓȖȒ —
ȚȈȔ ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ ȍșȚȤ ȓȦȌȐ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ șȊȐșȚȕțȓ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖșȚȐ
— ǵț ȉȘȈȚ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȘȐȠȓȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȈȔ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȗȖ-
ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ ȍȡȍ ǰȌȚȐ ȕȈȔ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ șȍȑȟȈș Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȕȍȚ ȕȐ-
ȒȈȒȖȋȖ șȔȣșȓȈ ȕȈȔ ȕțȎȕȖ ȗȘȖșȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȏȈ ȓȦȌȐ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȧȚ ȗȖ ȥȚȖȔț ȗȘȖȊȖȌț
ǶșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȖșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȧșȤ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ Ȑ ȗȘȐșȓțȠȐȊȈȧșȤ
Ȓ ȔȈȓȍȑȠȍȔț ȠȖȘȖȝț ȖȕȐ ȌȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ ȕȍ țȗțșȒȈȧ Ȑȏ
ȊȐȌț ȒȖȍ-ȋȌȍ ȗȘȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȦȡȍȑ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȚȖȕȒȖȑ ȕȐȚȐ
ȗȘȖȊȖȌȈ
— ǻȎ ȒțȌȈ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȌȈ Ȗȕ ȗȘȐȊȍȌȍȚ ȕȈș

ȇȁǽǮǹȊȄǮ ǼǯǾȁǯǹdzǻȉ

139
DZșȎȐȎ ;/9,
ǮǾdzǻǿǸǶǷ ǰ ǺǼǿǸǰdz
ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ țȉȍȌȐȓșȧ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȈȧ ȊȍȌȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȘȈȑȖȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȚ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌșȚȊȖ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ
Ǫ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȍȑȟȈș șȘȈȊȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȚȐȝȖ ǷȖșȓȍ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȘȖȔȈ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȉȍȓȣȝ ȉȈȕȌ
ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȓȐșȤ ǵȖ ȕȐ șȈȔȖȋȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ ȕȐ ȍȋȖ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȝ
ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȖȊ șȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ
©ǵȈȌȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȥȚț ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȧȡțȦ ȋȖȓȖȊȒț Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ. ǩȍȏ Șț-
ȒȖȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȉȍȏ șȘȍȌșȚȊ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȞȈȔ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ țȌȈșȚșȧ
ȏȌȍșȤ șȌȍȓȈȚȤª
ǹȌȍȓȈȊ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȖȚ-
ȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț ǷȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ Ȗȕ ȏȈȍȝȈȓ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȌȖȓȖȎȐȚȤ Ȋ ǫțȉȟȍȒȈ Ȗ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ
ǵȖ Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȍ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȘȈȏȐȓȐ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȣȔȐ ȕȖȊȖșȚȧȔȐ
Ǫ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ ȚȈȔ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȣ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȣ
ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕȕȣȍ ȗȘȐ ȖȉȣșȒȍ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊȈ Ȑ ǪȍȠȕȍȊȈ ȅȚȐ ȔȈ-
ȚȍȘȐȈȓȣ ȌȈȊȈȓȐ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȍ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ Ȗ ȒȖȕȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦ-
ȞȐȖȕȕȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ șȊȐȊȠȍȑ ȗȘȖȟȕȖȍ ȋȕȍȏȌȖ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ
Ȑ ȕȖșȐȊȠȍȑ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȐȍ ©ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋª
ǯȈȝȊȈȚȐȊ Ȑȝ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ș ȗȍȘȊȣȔ Ȏȍ ȖȚȝȖȌȧȡȐȔ ȗȖȍȏ-
ȌȖȔ ȗȖȔȟȈȓșȧ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț
ǷȖȐȔȒȈ ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊȈ Ȑ ǪȍȠȕȍȊȈ ȌȍȘȎȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȔ șȍ-
ȒȘȍȚȍ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȕȈȌȍȧȓșȧ ȕȈȒȘȣȚȤ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ȖȘȋȈ-
ȕȐȏȈȞȐȦ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ
***
ǹȖȉȣȚȐȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȝ Ȍȕȍȑ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȊșȚȘȍȊȖȎȐȓȐ ȗȖȓȒȖȊ-
ȕȐȒȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ Ƕȕ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȓȖ ȏȈȚȍȧȕȕȖȍ ȐȔ ȚȍȘ-
ȗȐȚ ȖȌȕț ȕȍțȌȈȟț ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȅȚȈ ȚȘȍȊȖȋȈ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȊȈȓȈșȤ ȚȈȒ-
Ȏȍ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȔ ȟȓȍȕȈȔ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋȈª ȕȈȝȖȌȐȊ-

140
ȠȐȔșȧ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ǶȚ ȌȊțȝ ȟȓȍȕȖȊ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ǪȍȠȕȍȊȈ Ȑ
ǯȍȕȟȐȒȖȊȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȓțȟȈȓȖșȤ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȐȏȊȍșȚȐȑ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ țșțȋțȉȐȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ Ȗș-
ȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȧȚȍȘȣȝ ȟȓȍȕȖȊ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋȈª Ȗȕ ȊșȧȟȍșȒȐ
țȚȍȠȈȓ țșȗȖȒȈȐȊȈȓ Ȑȝ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȘȈșșȍȧȚȤ Ȋ ȕȐȝ ȥȚț ȚȘȍȊȖȋț
Ƕȕ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ©ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋª ȘȈȏȊȈȓȐȚșȧ ȚȖ Ȑ ȗȖ-
ȓȖșȈ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȑ ȕȈ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȦ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȚȘȈȟȍȕȖ
șȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȐȓ Ȑ șȘȍȌșȚȊ ȗȖȚȍȘȗȐȚ ȕȍțȌȈȟț Ǩ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȚȍȔ Ȗȕ
ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȒ ș ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȌȕȍȔ ȒȘȍȗȕȍȚ șȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȊȓȈșȚȤ
ǿȚȖȉȣ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ Ȍȓȧ țșȐȓȍȕȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ Ȋȏȧȓ ȖȚȗțșȒ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȖȕȐ șȖ-
ȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȖȔ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȍ ǰȏ ȘȧȌȈ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ Ȟȍȕ-
ȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ǸȖșșȐȐ ȊȣșȓțȠȐȊȈȓȐ ȖȕȐ ȋȖȕȞȖȊ ǵȖ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȥȚȐȝ
ȋȖȘȖȌȈȝ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȐȓȤȕȣȝ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȑ ǫȓȈȊȕȈȧ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȈ
ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ — Ȗȕ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȘȍȠȈȦȡȍȍ
șȓȖȊȖ ǵȖ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȑ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ǰȏ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ Ȋ șȊȖȍȑ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȍ ȐȔȍȓ ȝȖȌ
ȟȍȘȍȏ ȏȈȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȕȕțȦ ȌȊȍȘȤ Ȋ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ
ȐȔȍȊȠȍȍ ȊȐȌ ȟțȓȈȕȈ Ȑ ȗȖȔȍȡȈȊȠȍȍșȧ ȘȧȌȖȔ Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ
ȊȘȍȔȧ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȧșȤ ȌȖȔȖȑ Ȗȕ ȏȈȝȖȌȐȓ ȚțȌȈ Ȑ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȓ ȚȈȔ
Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ǰȏ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȟțȓȈȕȈ ȐȔȍȓșȧ ȝȖȌ ȕȈ ȟȍȘȌȈȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ
ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȒȘȐȚȐȟȍșȒțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț.
ǰ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȥȚȈ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȤ șȗȈșȓȈ ȍȋȖ
***
ǷȖ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȍ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȧȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȤșȚȊț Ȑ
ȌȖȓȖȎȐȊ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ Ȋȍȡȍȑ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ ȕȍ ȔȍȌȓȧ ȕȐ ȔȐ-
ȕțȚȣ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȓ Ȓ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ ǰȔȍȊȠȐȍșȧ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȘțȒȈȝ ȌȖȒț-
ȔȍȕȚȣ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕțȦ șȊȧȏȤ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤȔȐ-
ȕȖȋȈª șȖ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȐȔ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȖȔ ǹ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȗȕ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ Ǫȣ-
ȉȘȈȊ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȓțȟȠȐȝ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ǴȖșȒȖȊșȒȖȑ ǿDz
Ȗȕ țșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍ ȏȈ ȖșȖȉȕȧȒȖȔ ǹȊȈȓȐȑ-
șȒȖȋȖ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȈ ǵȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȚȊȍȘȌȖ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȟȚȖ
©ǿȍȘȕȖȔț ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋțª ȕȍ țȌȈșȚșȧ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ Ȑȏ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒ

141
DZșȎȐȎ ;/9,,
ǯǼǾȊǯǮ ǵǮ ȀdzǹdzȂǼǻ
ǹȗțșȚȧ ȟȈș ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȌȊȐȕț-
ȓȐșȤ ȗȖ ȗțȚȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȐȔ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ
ȖȕȐ ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ ȏȈȗȈȝ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȤȍȋȖ ȎȐȓȤȧ
— ǬȍȘȎȐșȤ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȍȑ — ȍșȓȐ ȖȕȐ ȕȈș ȕȈ-
ȒȘȖȦȚ ȚȖ ȚțȚ țȎ ȉȘȈȚ ȕȈȔ ȒȈȦȒ ȉțȌȍȚ
ǪȍȟȍȘ ȉȣȓ țȎȍ ȉȓȐȏȖȒ ǵȍȉȖ ȊȊȍȘȝț șȚȈȓȖ ȋțșȚȖ șȐȕȐȔ
ȗȍȘȍȌ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȖ ȠțȔȍȓȐ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȐ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȍȊ
ǷȘȧȟȈșȤ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȏȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔȐ ȏȖȘȒȖ ȖșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȧșȤ
ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȕȐ ȔȈȓȍȑȠȍȋȖ ȠțȔȈ
ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȓȐșȤ ȖȕȐ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȅȚȈ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ȏȈȔȍȌȓȐȓȈ Ȑȝ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ ȕȖ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ȉȣȓȈ șȐȓȤȕȈ ȖȘțȎȐȧ ț
ȕȐȝ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ș șȖȉȖȑ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȋȖ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȖȕȐ țȎȍ țșȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȠțȔ ȋȖȓȖ-
șȖȊ Ȑ ȏȈȗȈȝ ȌȣȔȈ ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ ȖȗțșȚȐȓșȧ șȖȊșȍȔ
ȕȐȏȒȖ
— ǷȖȓȍȏȈȑ-ȒȈ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȍȡȍ ȕȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ — ȚȐȝȖ
șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȊșȒȈȘȈȉȒȈȓșȧ Ȑ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐ-
ȕțȚ ȖȗȧȚȤ șȗțșȚȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ
— ȀȈȋȈȝ Ȋ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȖȚ ȕȈș șȚȖȐȚ ȒțȘȍȕȤ — ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖ Ȋ
ȥȚȖȔ ȒțȘȍȕȍ Ȑ ȍșȚȤ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȚ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȋ ȕȍ-
ȋȖ ǶȒȖȓȖ ȒțȘȍȕȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ș ȘțȎȤȍȔ ǬȈȓȤȠȍ ȚȈȔ ȊȐȌȕȈ ȗȖ-
ȓȧȕȈ ȕȈ ȕȍȑ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȓȦȌȍȑ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ ȋȖȘȧȚ ȒȖșȚȘȣ ȗȖ ȊȐȌț
ȉȈȕȌȐȚȣ ȕȍ ȐȕȈȟȍ
— ǷȖȉțȌȤ ȏȌȍșȤ ȧ șȍȑȟȈș ȊȍȘȕțșȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȒȘȣȓșȧ Ȋ ȒțșȚȈȝ
ǹȒȖȘȖ Ȗȕ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ
— ǷȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȕȖȟȐ ǹȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ȒțȘȍȕȧ ȠȈ-
ȋȈȝ Ȋ ȗȧȚȐ, ȧ ȕȈȠȍȓ ȋțșȚȖȑ ȒțșȚ ȌȐȒȖȑ ȉțȏȐȕȣ — ȖȟȍȕȤ ȝȖ-
ȘȖȠȐȑ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȗțȕȒȚ — ȚȍȔȕȖȚȣ ȗȖȌȖȎȌȍȔ Ȉ ȚȈȔ
ȊȐȌȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚ

142
Ǫ șȓȖȊȈȝ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȓȈȕ ȐȔ țȎȍ șȖ-
șȚȈȊȓȍȕ ȕȖ ȗȖȒȈ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ȗȖșȊȧȡȈȚȤ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒț
ǻșȚȘȖȐȊȠȐșȤ ȗȖȌ ȒțșȚȖȔ ȉțȏȐȕȣ ȖȕȐ șȚȈȓȐ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȚȍȔ-
ȕȖȚȣ
— ǺȈȒ Țȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȠȤ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȗȍȡȍȘȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȓȐ
ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț ș ǩȍȘȋȖȔ"
— ǬȈ ȥȚȖ ȧ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȗȖȔȕȦ ǭȔț ȖȚȌȈȊȈȓȐ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ
— ǺȈ-ȈȒ — ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȏȈȔȖȓȟȈȓ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ, ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ șȖȖȉ-
ȘȈȎȈȧ ȗȖȚȖȔ Ȗȕ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ țȓȣȉȕțȓșȧ
— ǵț ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ Ȕȣ șȍȑȟȈș ȉȘȈȚ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȕȖȔȍȘȖȒ ȖȚ-
ȒȖȓȍȔ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȟȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȍȘȎȐșȤ Ȑ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ Ȋȣ-
ȘțȟȐȔ
Ǫ ȓȍșț ȚȍȔȕȍȓȖ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȉțȏȐȕȣ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȒȈȒ
ȏȈȚȐȝȈȓȈ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȧȕȍ ǫȌȍ-ȚȖ ȜȣȘȒȈȓȐ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ ȏȈȔȐ-
ȘȈȓȐ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȣ ǪȍȟȍȘ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȑ
dzȍș ȠțȔȍȓ ȖȚ țșȐȓȐȊȠȍȋȖșȧ ȊȍȚȘȈ — ȊȐȌȐȔȖ ȗȖȋȖȌȈ Ȕȍȕȧ-
ȓȈșȤ
ǹȒȊȖȏȤ ȗȖȓțȔȘȈȒ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȒȈȒ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ș Șț-
ȎȤȍȔ șȚȖȧȊȠȐȑ ț ȒțȘȍȕȧ țșȍȓșȧ ȕȈ ȗȍȕȤ Ȑ ȖȗȍȘȠȐșȤ ȕȈ
ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒț ȏȈȌȘȍȔȈȓ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ Ȗȕ șȒȓȖȕȧȓșȧ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ
ȟțȚȤ-ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȗȈȌȈȓ Ȑ ȗȘȖșȣȗȈȓșȧ ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȖ ȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȧșȤ
ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȌȘȍȔȖȚȈ ȖȌȖȓȍȊȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ șȕȖȊȈ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȣȉȘȈȓ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȧȡȐȑ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ǹȒȖȘȖ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȧȕȍ
șȚȈȓȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȚȐȝȖ ǿȈșȖȊȖȑ șȐȌȍȊȠȐȑ ț ȒțȘȍȕȧ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ
ȕȈ ȒȖȓȍȕȐ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒț Ȑ țȚȒȕțȊ Ȋ ȕȍȍ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȊȐȌȐȔȖ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ
ȏȈșȕțȓ
— ǷȖȘȈ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ — Ǵȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȕȍ-
șȓȣȠȕȖ șȊȧȏȈȚȤ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȟȈșȖȊȖȋȖ Ȑ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȗȐȒȕțȓ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ șȕȧȓ ȋȐȔȕȈșȚȍȘȒț Ȑ ȗȖȧș
— ȇ ȕȈȒȐȕțșȤ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ șȏȈȌȐ Ȑ ȏȈȚȒȕț ȍȔț ȘȖȚ ȋȐȔȕȈ-
șȚȍȘȒȖȑ Țȣ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȊȖȏȤȔȍȠȤ ț ȕȍȋȖ ș ȒȖȓȍȕ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒț
ǶșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ, Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ, ȘȈȏȌȊȐȋȈȧ ȚȘȈȊț ȖȕȐ ȗȖȗȖȓȏȓȐ
ȀțȔ ȓȍșȈ șȒȘȈȌȣȊȈȓ ȠȖȘȖȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȖȕȐ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȓȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț ȠȐȘȖȒȈȧ ȚȍȕȤ șȐȌȧȡȍȋȖ ȟȈșȖȊȖȋȖ ȊȣȘȖș-
ȓȈ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔȐ
ǹ ȉȣșȚȘȖȚȖȑ ȚȐȋȘȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖȗȘȖȒȐȕțȓ ȍȋȖ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȏȈ-
ȎȈȊ ȋȖȘȓȖ ǿȈșȖȊȖȑ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖ ȏȈȉȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ
ȋȓțȝȖ ȝȘȐȗȧ ǪȐȕȚȖȊȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ țȎȍ ț ǷȈȊȓțȠȐ Ȗȕ ȖȚȕȍș ȍȍ Ȋ

143
șȚȖȘȖȕț Ȑ ȗȖșȗȍȠȐȓ ȕȈ ȗȖȔȖȡȤ Ȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț ǴȍȎȌț ȕȐȔ Ȑ
ȟȈșȖȊȣȔ ȠȓȈ țȗȖȘȕȈȧ ȉȖȘȤȉȈ ǩȈȕȌȐȚ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȕȈȗȘȧȋȈȧ Ȋșȍ
șȐȓȣ ȘȈȏȌȊȐȕțȚȤ ȗȈȓȤȞȣ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȒȈȒ ȡȐȗȞȣ șȌȈȊȓȐ-
ȊȈȊȠȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȋȖȘȓȖ DzȈȎȌțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț Ȗȕ ȔȖȋ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍșȚȐ ȠțȔ
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȘȈȏȉțȌȐȓ ȉȣ Ȋșȍȝ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ țȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȕȖ-
ȋȐ ȟȈșȖȊȖȋȖ Ȑ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȊȞȍȗȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȕȐȝ ȖșȓȈȉȓȧȧ ȍȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍ-
ȕȐȧǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȈ Ȑȝ țȌȈȓȈșȤ ǩȈȕȌȐȚ ȓȍ-
ȎȈȓ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ, ș ȏȈȚȒȕțȚȣȔ ȘȚȖȔ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȕȖ ȊȖȘȖȟȈȧ ȉȍȓ-
ȒȈȔȐ ȋȓȈȏ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȖȚȚȈȡȐȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȌ ȒțșȚ ȉțȏȐȕȣ ȋȌȍ
ȖȕȐ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ șȐȌȍȓȐ Ȋ ȏȈșȈȌȍ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ șȚȖȘȖ-
ȎȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ Ȉ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȍȘȍȖȌȍȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȖȌȍȎȌț ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈ ȕȈ-
ȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȒțȘȍȕȤ
ǷȘȐșȓțȠȈȊȠȐșȤ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ Ȑ țȉȍȌȐȊȠȐșȤ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȧȕȍ
Ȋșȍ ȚȐȝȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȘȖșȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ Ȋ ȒțȘȍȕȤ Dzț-
ȘȍȕȤ ȉȣȓ ȗțșȚ
— ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȏȌȍșȤ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȈ-
ȡțȗȈȊ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ — ȕț-ȒȈ, ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȍȔ ȟȚȖ ț ȕȈș ȗȖȓț-
ȟȐȚșȧ
DZșȎȐȎ ;/9,,,
ǾǮǵDZǼǰǼǾ ǽǼ ȀdzǹdzȂǼǻȁ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȉȍșȠțȔȕȖ ȗȖȏȊȖȕȐȓ ǬȖȓȋȖ ȕȍ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓȐ ǵȈ-
ȒȖȕȍȞ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȋȖȓȖș
— DzȚȖ ȏȊȖȕȐȚ"
ǺȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȋȖȓȖșȍ țȏȕȈȚȤ ȋȖȓȖș ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ǬȈ
Ȗȕ Ȑ șȈȔ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ șȚȈȘȈȓșȧ ȍȋȖ ȐȏȔȍȕȐȚȤ ȊȓȖȎȐȊ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ
ȗȖȊȍȓȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȕȖȚȒȐ ǶȌȕț șȍȒțȕȌț ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȏȈȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ
ȕȈ ȔȣșȓȐ Ȉ ȊȌȘțȋ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȊȌȘțȋ ȥȚȖȚ Țȍȓȍ-
ȜȖȕ șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕ ș ȟȍȔ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȌȘțȋȐȔ Ȉ ȕȍ ș ȗȍȡȍȘȖȑ Ǩ ȍșȓȐ
șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕ Ȑ ș ȗȍȡȍȘȖȑ ȚȖ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȚȈȔ țȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȝȖ-

144
ȏȧȑȕȐȟȈȦȚ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȣ Ȉ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȋȌȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȚȖȐȚ ȗȘȐȒȖ-
ȊȈȕȕȣȑ Ȓ șȚȍȕȒȍ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȘȍȠȐȓ șȘȈȏț ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȒȈȘȚȣ Ȋ ȒȘȈȑȕȍȔ șȓț-
ȟȈȍ ȗȖȒȈ ȖȕȐ ȌȖȉȍȘțȚșȧ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȡȈ ȖȕȐ ș ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȒȖȑ țșȗȍȦȚ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ
ǷȖȕȐȏȐȊ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȋȖȓȖș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ șȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ
— ǫȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȅȚȖ Țȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ"
ǴȐȕțȚȒț ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȕȖ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȌȈ ȕȍțȎȍȓȐ ȥȚȖ Țȣ" — țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȘȈ-
ȌȖșȚȕȣȑ ȋȖȓȖș ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ — ǶȚȒțȌȈ Țȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȠȤ"
— ȇ ȚȐȝȖȕȤȒȖ ȗȘȖȉȘȈȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȡȍ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ǵȖ Ȗȉ
ȥȚȖȔ ȗȖșȓȍ ǹȍȑȟȈș ȧ ȗȖȏȖȊț ȏȌȍȠȕȍȋȖ ȋȓȈȊȈȘȧ ǩȍȘȋȈ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȖȔț Țȣ ȖȚȌȈȠȤ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȍ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȊȐȕțȚȤșȧ ȏȈ
ȗȧȚȤ ȊȍȘșȚ ȖȚșȦȌȈ Ȓ ǯȍȓȍȕȖȔț ȓȖȋț ȧȒȖȉȣ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ǿȍȘ-
ȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȏȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Țȣ ȉțȌȍȠȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓ șȊȍȌȍ-
ȕȐȧ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȡȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȖ ȟȍȒȐșȚȈȔȐ ǷȖȕȧȓ"
ǪȘȍȔȧ ȚȍȘȧȚȤ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ Ǵȣ Ȓ Țȍȉȍ șȒȖȘȖ ȗȘȐȌȍȔ ȕȈ ȊȣȘțȟȒț
— ȌȍȘȎȐșȤ ȚȈȔ ȒȘȍȗȟȍ ǷȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȤșȧ — ȧ șȍȑȟȈș ȏȖȊț ǩȍȘȋȈ
ǵȍ ȖȚȝȖȌȐ ȖȚ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȈ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑȏ ȒțȘȍȕȧ Ȑ șȔȍȓȖ ȗȖȏȊȧȒȐȊȈȧ ȊȐȕ-
ȚȖȊȒȖȑ ȗȖȠȍȓ ȊȋȓțȉȤ ȗȖȓȧȕȣ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȈȌȍȧȓșȧ ȟȚȖ Ȋ
ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȕȍ țȏȕȈȦȚ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȍȑ ȗȖȌȔȍȕȣ
ǷȖȌȖȑȌȧ Ȓ ȗȍȘȊȖȔț ȗȖȗȈȊȠȍȔțșȧ șȗȧȡȍȔț ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒț
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȚȖȓȒȕțȓ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȒȓȈȌȖȔ Ȋ ȉȖȒ
— ȅȑ ȌȘȣȝȕȍȠȤ ȏȈȘȈȏȈ" ǪșȚȈȊȈȑ
ǿȈșȖȊȖȑ ȏȈȊȖȘȖȟȈȓșȧ Ȑ șȍȘȌȐȚȖ ȏȈȔȣȟȈȓ
— ǪșȚȈȊȈȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ Țȍȉȍ
— ǿȍȋȖ Țȣ ȚȖȓȒȈȍȠȤșȧ — ȧ Țȍȉȍ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȒȕț ȔȈȚȤ ȚȊȖȦ
— ǿȍȋȖ ȓȈȍȠȤșȧ ȗȖȑȌȐ ȗȖȏȖȊȐ ǩȍȘȋȈ — ȚȘȍȉțȦȚ șȘȖȟȕȖ
Ȓ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȝȖȚȧ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ ȗȖȟȍșȈȓ șȗȘȖșȖ-
ȕȤȧ șȗȐȕț Ȑ ȗȖȠȍȓ ȊȕțȚȘȤ ȗȖȓȧȕȣ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȓ ȒțȘȍȕȦ Ȑ șȚȈȓ ț ȊȝȖȌȈ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ǴȐ-
ȕțȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȌȊȍ ȚȍȕȐ ȗȖȌȖȠȓȐ Ȓ ȒțȘȍȕȦ ǶȌȕȈ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ
șȒȖȓȤȏȕțȓȈ ȊȕțȚȘȤ
©ǩȍȘȋª — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ

145
ǶșȚȈȊȠȐȑșȧ ț ȒțȘȍȕȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȚȖȚ șȈȔȣȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȘȈȏ-
ȉțȌȐȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȏȍȊȣȊȈȧ șȗȘȖșȐȓ
— dzȧȠȒȈ ț Țȍȉȧ ȚȈȉȈȒț ȕȍȚț" DzțȘȐȚȤ ȖȝȖȚȈ
— ǷȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȟȍȘȚț ȕȍȚț
— ǩȘȍȠȍȠȤ Țȣ ț Țȍȉȍ ȌȈȊȍȟȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȖ ȟȍȘȚȈ DzțȌȈ Țȣ
ȗȖȌȍȊȈȓ"
— ǴȈȓȖ ȚțȚ ȊȈș, ȟȍȘȚȍȑ, ȠȓȧȍȚșȧ ȏȈ ȚȈȉȈȒȖȔ ȕȍ ȕȈȋȖȚȖ-
ȊȐȠȤșȧ șȈȔȖȔț ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ȕȈ ȌȊȍ ȞȐȋȈȘȒȐ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ ȊȕțȚȘȍȕȕȍ ȗȖȝȖȓȖȌȍȊ ȖȚ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖȑ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ
— ǮȈȌȕȐȟȈȍȠȤ șȚȍȘȊȈ ȕț ȓȈȌȕȖ — ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ șȍȘȌȐȚȖ
șȗȓȦȕțȓ Ȑ țȠȍȓ
ǹȒȖȘȖ ǩȍȘȋ ȚȖȘȖȗȓȐȊȖȑ ȗȖȝȖȌȒȖȑ ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑȏ ȒțȘȍȕȧ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȊȍșȤ ȚȈȉȖȘ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȏȈȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȓșȧ ȘȈȏȌȈȊȈ-
ȓȐșȤ ȋȖȓȖșȈ ȒȘȐȒȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȣ
ǹȒȖȘȖ, ȗȖȋȘțȏȐȊ ȚȍȓȍȋȐ ș ȕȈȋȘȈȉȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȉȈȘȈȝȓȖȔ ȉȈȕ-
ȌȐȚȣ ȗȖȊșȒȈȒȐȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȍȑ Ȑ Ȋ ȕȖȟȐ ȗȍȘȍȒȓȐȒȈȧșȤ ȌȊȐ-
ȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ ǺȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȉȣȓ șȕȧȚ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȖșȚȈ-
ȓȐșȤ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȖȑ șȊȧȏȐ ș ȕȖȊȣȔ șȚȈȕȖȊȐ-
ȡȍȔ
ǹȒȖȘȖ Ȑ ȖȕȐ ȗȘȖȗțșȚȐȊ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ ȗȖ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȈȔ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȍȊ
țȠȓȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȊȠȐșȤ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȖȑ Ȑ șțȔȧȚȐȞȍȑ
ȗȍȘȍȌ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȖȔ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȗȕ țȎȍ
șȐȌȍȓ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȖȑ ȗȖȌ ȒțșȚȖȔ ȉțȏȐȕȣ Ȋ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȍ
șȊȧȏȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈ dzȧȠȒȐ
DZșȎȐȎ ;LIX
ǽǼǿǹdzDzǻǶǷ ǴdzǿȀ ǽǼǹǸǼǰǻǶǸǮ ǽǼǹǼǵǼǰǮ
ǵȈ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ țșȚȈ-
ȕȖȊȐȓ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍ ȏȈ ȖșȖȉȕȧȒȖȔ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȈ
ȉȣȓȖ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑȞȣ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȧ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ
Ȋșȍ țȎȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ șȖȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ Ȍȓȧ Ȗȟȍ-

146
ȘȍȌȕȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ Ȋ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ ȖȚȊȍȌȍȕȕȖȔ ȐȔ ȗȖșȖȓȤ-
șȚȊȖȔ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȐ
Ǫșȍ ȠȍșȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȗȘȐȠȓȐ Ȋ ȘȈȏȕȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȠȍșȚȤ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȉȣȓȐ șȈȔȣȔ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȣȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ Ȑȏțȟȍȕȣ ȌȍȎț-
ȘȐȊȠȐȔȐ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȈȔȐ ǴǿDz ǩȣȓ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕ ȚȈȑȕȣȑ ȝȖȌ
Ȋ ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȕȖȍ șȖșȍȌȕȍȍ ș ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȖȔ
ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ Ƕȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȌȖȕȍșȓȐ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȔț Ƕȕ șȈȔ
ȗȘȐȉȣȓ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȍȔ ǷȖ ȏȈ-
ȘȈȕȍȍ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȈȕȕȖȔț ȗȓȈȕț, ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȓ ȗȘȖș-
ȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȗȘȐ ȊȣȝȖȌȍ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȟȓȍȕȖȔ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ Ȑ ȕȈ-
ȒȘȣȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȍ
ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȊȍȟȍȘ ȉȣȓȖ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȔ
ǷȖȌȕȐȔȈȓșȧ ȊȖȗȘȖș Ȗ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȈȞȐȐ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖ-
ȋȈª Ȑ Ȗȉ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȐȐ Ȋșȍȝ ȐȔȍȦȡȐȝșȧ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȖȊ ǵȖ ȗȖȓ-
ȒȖȊȕȐȒ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȍȡȍ ȕȈȌȍȧȓșȧ ȟȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȣȍ ȏȈȔȐȕȒȐ
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ Ȑȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ ȏȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȉț-
ȌțȚ ȐȏȎȐȚȣ
— ǭșȓȐ ȍȡȍ Ȕȣ șȓȖȎȐȔ ȖȘțȎȐȍ ȚȖ ȚȖȋȌȈ, ȕȈȊȍȘȕȖȍ, ȕȐ-
ȒȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȍȚ ǩȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒȐ țȒȘȍȗȓȧȦȚșȧ ș
ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȌȕȍȔ Ǵȣ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȔ ȌȖȗțșȚȐȚȤ ǫȓȈȊȕȈȧ ȕȈȠȈ
șȚȈȊȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ DzȚȖ șȒȈȏȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȔ ȌȍȓȈ ȐȌțȚ
ȗȓȖȝȖ" Ǵȣ ȍȡȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȔ ȇ țȉȍȎȌȍȕ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȠȐ ȌȊȈ
ȟȓȍȕȈ ȊȣȍȝȈȊȠȐȍ ȚțȌȈ șȌȍȓȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȕțȎȕȖ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȓșȧ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ
țȉȍȎȌȈȓ
— ȇ ȕȍ țȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȦ Țȍȝ ȓȐȞ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȝȖȚȧȚ ȚȘțșȓȐȊȖ
șȌȈȚȤ ȖȘțȎȐȍ ǷȖȎȈȓțȑșȚȈ ȖȕȐ ȔȖȋțȚ ȐȌȚȐ Ȓ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒȈȔ
Ȑ ȗȘȍșȔȣȒȈȚȤșȧ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔȐ ǵțȎȕȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȐȐ ǹȚȘȈȕȈ ȕȍșȗȖȒȖȑȕȈ Ȉ ȥȚȖ ȕȈȔ ȕȈ ȘțȒț Ǫ ȌȍȘȍȊȕȍ Ȕȣ
ȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȑȌȍȔ ȕȈȠȐȝ șȚȖȘȖȕȕȐȒȖȊ ȇ șȈȔ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȏȍ ȊȣȍȌț
Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍȔ — ȋȖȘȌȖ ȏȈȒȓȦ-
ȟȐȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ
ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȓȖșȤ Ȓ ȟȈșț ȕȖȟȐ ǩȣȓȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȖ Șȍ-
ȠȍȕȐȍ Ȗȉ țșȐȓȍȕȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ǩȣȓȖ ȘȍȠȍȕȖ șȊȧȏȈȚȤșȧ ș ȥșȍ-
ȘȖȊșȒȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȍȑ ȐȔȍȊȠȍȑșȧ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ Ȑ șȖȊȍȘȠȐȚȤ
ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ țȉȐȑșȚȊ ȟȓȍȕȖȊ șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ — ȥȚȖ
ȖȚȊȓȍȟȍȚ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȖȚ ȖȒȘȈȐȕȣ Ȑ ȌȈșȚ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȉȖȓȤ-

147
ȠȍȔț ȘȈȏȊȐȚȐȦ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑșȒȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ.
ǺȈȒ Ȏȍ ȗȖȖȌȐȕȖȟȒȍ ȘȈșȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ ȟȓȍȕȣ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤ-
ȔȐȕȖȋȈª Ȑ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ Ȋ ȟțȚȒȖȑ ȔȖșȒȖȊșȒȖȑ ȕȖȟȐ
ȌȊȐȋȈȓȐșȤ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȚȍȕȐ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ǴȖșȒȖȊșȒȖȑ ǿDz
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȊȣȠȍȓ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȔ ǷȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ Ȗȕ
ȗȖȓțȟȐȓ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȤȠțȦ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖșȚȤ Ȋ țșȗȍȝȍ ȌȍȓȈ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ
ȌȖȊȖȓȍȕ șȖȉȖȑ ǷȘȐȌȍȚ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȑ ȘȖȌȐȕȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȌȍȚ ȍȋȖ ȏȈ-
șȓțȋ
DzȈȒ ȊșȍȋȌȈ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ, ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȘȐȌȧ Ȓ șȍȉȍ ȌȖ-
ȔȖȑ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȏȈ ȗȖȚȈȑȕȖȑ ȌȊȍȘȤȦ ȟțȓȈȕȟȐȒȈ ǺȈȔ Ȗȕ ȘȈș-
ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓșȧ ȕȈ șȒȓȈȌȕȖȑ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȖȑ ȗȖșȚȍȓȐ Ȑ țșȚȈȓȖ ȏȈȒ-
Șȣȓ ȋȓȈȏȈ
ǯȈȊȚȘȈ Ȗȕ ȊȖȑȌȍȚ Ȋ șȕȖȠȍȕȐȍ ș ȥșȍȘȖȊșȒȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈ-
ȞȐȍȑ ǹȗȓȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ șȖȦȏ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȊțȝ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȑ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȍȗȖ-
ȉȍȌȐȔ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ țȉȐȑșȚȊ — ǺȘȖȞȒȖȋȖ dzȍȕȐȕȈ DzȈȔȍȕȍȊȈ
— șȌȍȓȈȦȚ șȊȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ Ǩ ȚȖȋȌȈ
ǵȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȔȣșȓȤ ȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȍȘȊȈȕȈ ȚȘȍșȒȖȔ ȌȊȍȘȐ
Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ Ƕȕ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȘȐȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ ǷȘȐșȓțȠȈȓșȧ ǵȍ
ȉȣȓȖ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȧ — ȌȊȍȘȤ ȓȖȔȈȓȐ
ǪșȒȖȘȍ Ȗȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ șȚțȒ șȈȗȖȋ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ Ȑ ȘțȋȈȚȍȓȤ-
șȚȊȈ ǿȤȐ-ȚȖ ȘțȒȐ ȠȈȘȐȓȐ ȗȖ șȚȍȕȈȔ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȋȈȧ ȠȒȈȜȣ
ȧȡȐȒȐ ȍȋȖ șȚȖȓȈ
©Ǫșȍ ȗȘȖȗȈȓȖ ǩȍȎȈȚȤª — ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ
ǬȘȖȎȈȡȐȔȐ ȘțȒȈȔȐ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȖȌȍȓșȧ ȌȖșȚȈȓ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȗȖ-
ȌțȠȒȐ ȕȈȋȈȕ Ȑ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȓ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȒȈȘȔȈȕ ǯȈ șȚȍȕȖȑ șȒȊȖȏȤ
ȚȖȕȒțȦ ȗȍȘȍȋȖȘȖȌȒț șȓȣȠȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȊȖȏȋȓȈ-
șȣ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȒȈȒ ȊȣșȚțȒȐȊȈȓȐ ȗȖ șȚȍȕȈȔ ȗȘȐȒȓȈȌȣ Ȑȝ ȊȐȕ-
ȚȖȊȖȒ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȚȖȘȖȗȓȐȊȖ ȕȈȒȐȕțȓ ȠȐȕȍȓȤ
DZșȎȐa L
ǿǰǼȍ ȆǸȁǾǮ DzǼǾǼǴdz
— ǵț-ș țȊȈȎȈȍȔȣȑ Ȑ ȌȖșȚȖȟȚȐȔȣȑ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȐȕ dzȧȠȒȈ
ȚȍȗȍȘȤ Ȕȣ ș ȊȈȔȐ ȕȍ șȗȍȠȈ ȔȖȎȍȔ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ǰȏȊȐȕȧȦșȤ

148
ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȕȈȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȗȍȟȈȚȤ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȧ ȕȈ țșȚȈ ȊȈȠȐ
ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȍȓȈȍȠȤ — ȋȖȓȖș ț ȊȈș ȉȖȓȤȕȖ ȏȊțȟȕȣȑ ș Ȋȣ-
șȖȒȐȔȐ ȕȖȚȈȔȐ Ȉ ȕȈȔ ȚȐȠȐȕȈ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ Ȉ ȕț,
ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȓȐ ȒȚȖ ȊȉȓȐȏȐ Ȑȏ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȟȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȘȖ-
ȕȤȧ"— ǵȍȚ Ȋșȍ țȉȘȈȓȐșȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȋȣȕțȓ ȗȓȈȚȖȒ ȐȏȖ ȘȚȈ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȈ ȕȖ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȣȊȈȚȤ
ȍȋȖ ȕȍ șȚȈȓ
dzȧȠȒȈ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȊ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȌȈȓ ȊȖȓȦ
șȊȖȍȔț ȏȈșȚȖȧȊȠȍȔțșȧ ȧȏȣȒț
ǸțȋȈȕȤ ȠȐȘȖȒȖȑ ȊȖȓȕȖȑ ȚȖ ȗȖȊȣȠȈȧșȤ ȚȖ ȗȖȕȐȎȈȧșȤ
ȗȘȖȒȈȚȣȊȈȓȈșȤ ȗȖ ȗȖȓȧȕȍ DzȈȏȈȓȖșȤ dzȧȠȒȈ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ Ȗș-
ȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ
ǵȖ ȊȖȚ Ȑ Ȗȕ șȔȖȓȒ
— ǵț ȟȚȖ ȖȚȊȍȓ ȌțȠț" ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȌȈȊȈȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȗȖ- ȝȖȘȖ-
ȠȍȔț Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȒȖȘȖȟȍ ǵȈȔ ȕȈȌȖ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ
ȋȌȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȖȊȖȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȡȍ Ȑ ȋȌȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ȗȍȡȍȘȈ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȖȑ ȎȐȊȍȚ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ" Ǩ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ Ȕȣ șȗȍȠȐȔ ȚȖ șȘȖȒț Țȍ-
ȉȍ ȕȈ ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȍȕȐȍ ȌȈȦ ȗȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ǬțȔȈȦ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ șȘȖȒ Ȋșȍ
șțȔȍȍȠȤ ȖȉȌțȔȈȚȤ DzȖȓȐ Ȏȍ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ Țȣ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ
ȕȈȌțȔȈȍȠȤ ȚȖ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ Țȍȉȧ ȘȈșșȚȘȍȓȧȚȤ
dzȧȠȒȈ ȔȖȓȟȈ șȖȗȍȓ ȗȍȘȍȊȍȘȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț șȗȐ-
ȕȖȑ
— ǪȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ țȎȍ ȚȘȐ ș ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȖȑ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȈ ȌȈȑ-ȒȈ șȦȌȈ ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒț
ǪȐȕȚȖȊȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐȕȍșȍȕȈ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȊ ȍȍ șȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ
— ǭșȓȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț ȧ ȕȍ țșȓȣȠț ȖȚ Țȍȉȧ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȔ
ȕțȎȕȖ ȚȊȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ șȟȐȚȈȚȤ ȒȖȕȟȍȕȣȔ — Ȑ Ȗȕ ȖȚȖȠȍȓ
ȠȈȋȖȊ ȕȈ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȡȍȓȒȕțȓ ȏȈȚȊȖȘȖȔ Ȑ ȊșȒȐȕțȊ ȊȐȕȚȖȊ-
Ȓț ȗȘȐȞȍȓȐȓșȧ Ȋ dzȧȠȒț
ǻșȓȣȠȈȊ șȚțȒ ȏȈȚȊȖȘȈ dzȧȠȒȈ ȏȈȊȍȘȚȍȓșȧ ȊȤȦȕȖȔ Ȑ ȏȈ-
ȖȘȈȓ ȕȈ ȊȍșȤ ȓȍș
— ǷȖșȚȖȑ ǿȍȋȖ Țȣ șȗȍȠȐȠȤ-ȚȖ Ǫșȍ șȒȈȎț ǿȈȑ șȊȖȧ
ȠȒțȘȈ ȌȖȘȖȎȍ ǷțșȚȤ ȖȕȐ ȌȤȧȊȖȓȣ șȈȔȐ ȊȣȊȍȘȚȣȊȈȦȚșȧ
ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȕȕȍ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȕȍ ȗȖ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ — ȕȍ ȝȖȟț ȕȈ ȚȖȚ șȊȍȚ ȖȚ-
ȗȘȈȊȓȧȚȤșȧ ǷțșȚȤ ȖȕȐ ȎȐȊȤȍȔ ȋȖȘȧȚ ȔȈȚȤ Ȑȝ Ȋ ȚȘȈȉȈȌȈȕ

149
— ǩȍȏ ȔȕȖȋȖșȓȖȊȐȧ țȊȈȎȈȍȔȣȑ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȐȕ ȐȉȖ ȖȕȖ ȏȈ-
ȚȍȔȕȧȍȚ șțȚȤ ȌȍȓȈ ǶȚȊȍȟȈȑȚȍ șȘȈȏț ȕȈ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ
— ǪȖȓȟȐȑ ȖȊȘȈȋ ȟȈȑ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ" ǰ DzȖșȚȧȕȖȍ ȖȏȍȘȖ ȚȖȎȍ"
ǵț ȚȈȒ șȓțȝȈȑ DzȈȒ ȌȖȍȌȍȠȤ ȌȖ ȉȈȠȍȕȒȐ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț Ȗȏȍ-
ȘȈ țȊȐȌȐȠȤ ȐȊț ȌțȗȓȐșȚțȦ șȊȐșȠțȦ ȕȈȌ șȈȔȖȑ ȊȖȌȖȑ ǭȏ-
ȎȈȑ ȕȈ ȓȖȌȒȍ ȔȐȔȖ ȐȊȣ țȊȐȌȐȠȤ ȖșȚȘȖȊȖȒ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȊȍșȤ
Ȋ ȒȈȔȣȠȍ ǵȈ ȥȚȖȔ ȖșȚȘȖȊȍ ȘȈșȚȍȚ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȚȈȘȣȝ ȌțȉȖȊ
Ȑ ȊȖȚ Ȋ Ȍțȗȓȍ șȈȔȖȋȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȋȖ — ȚȘȍȚȤȍȋȖ ȗȖ șȟȍȚț — ȌțȉȈ
ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ȝȖȌ Ȋ ȗȍȡȍȘț ȋȌȍ ȎȐȊȍȚ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ
— ǵț Ȉ ȗȖȔȐȔȖ ȝȖȌȈ Ȋ Ȍțȗȓȍ, ȔȖȎȕȖ ȊȣȑȚȐ Ȑȏ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ
ȐȓȐ ȊȖȑȚȐ Ȋ ȕȍȍ?
— ǵȐȒȈȒ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȗȖ-ȔȖȍȔț
— ǹȔȖȚȘȐ ȕȍ șȒȘȣȊȈȑ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ — ȝțȎȍ ȉțȌȍȚ
— ǬȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȑ ȟȍȘȚ Ȕȕȍ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ șȒȘȣȊȈȚȤ-ȚȖ" ǹȒȈȏȈȓ —
șȊȖȧ ȠȒțȘȈ ȌȖȘȖȎȍ ȏȕȈȟȐȚ, Ȋșȍ ȌȍȓȖ ȕȈȟȐșȚȖȚț ǵȍȌȈȊȕȖ
ȊȖȚ ȧ ȉȣȓ ș ȌȖȕȍșȍȕȐȍȔ ț ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȋȖ ȚȈȒ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȍȋȖ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȖȊȖȘ ș ǩȍȘȋȖȔ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ șȒȈȏȈȓ ǩȍȘȋț ©ǰ ȕȈ ȒȖȑ ȟȍȘȚ
ȥȚț ȌȣȘț Ȍȓȧ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȊȣȉȘȈȓȐ" ǹȐȌȐȠȤ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȔȣȠȤ Ȋ Ȕȣ-
ȠȍȓȖȊȒȍ ȍșȓȐ ȖșȚȘȖȊ ȖȒȘțȎȈȚ — ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȉȍȎȈȚȤ ȕȍȒțȌȈª
ǸȈȏ ȚȈȒ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ — ȏȕȈȟȐȚ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ Ȍȍȑ-
șȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȍȚ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȍȘȍȋȓȧȕțȓȐșȤ ȔȖȓȟȈ
— ǵț ȓȈȌȕȖ ǵȍȚ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ Ȑ ȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ ǶȉȖȑȌȍȔșȧ
Ȑ ș ȖȌȕȐȔ ǹȖȉȐȘȈȑșȧ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ Ȉ Țȍȉȍ dzȧȠȒȈ țȎȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȌȍȚșȧ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȕȈș ȐȌȚȐ ȌȈ ȌȖȘȖȋț ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȚȤ ǺȈȒ ȒȘȍȗȟȍ
ȉțȌȍȚ ǵȖȋȐ Ȕȣ Țȍȉȍ ȘȈȏȊȧȎȍȔ Ȉ ȘțȒȐ ȚȈȒ șȖȑȌțȚ ǷȖȚȍȘ-
ȗȐȠȤ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ
—ǨȒțȌȈȎȍȔȕȍȐȌȚȐȒȈȒȕȍșȊȈȔȐ"ǬȈȘȈȏȊȍȧșțȔȈ
șȗȧȚȐȓ ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȖȔț ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȓȍȏȚȤ" ǿȚȖ ț Ȕȍȕȧ, ȌȊȍ
ȋȖȓȖȊȣ, ȟȚȖ ȓȐ"
ǷȖȌȕȧȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȗȖȠȓȐ dzȧȠȒȈ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
ș ȊȐȕȚȖȊȒȖȑ Ȉ șȏȈȌȐ — ǷȈȊȍȓ
ǷȘȖȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȞȍȓȐȕȖȑ ȗȖ ȍȓȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȕȣȔ ȚȘȖȗȐȕ-
ȒȈȔ Ȓ ȊȍȟȍȘț șȒȊȖȏȤ ȗȘȖșȊȍȚȣ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȍȊ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȉȈȠȍȕ-
ȒȈ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț ȖȏȍȘȈ
— Dz ȉȈȠȕȍ Ȕȣ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȐȚȤ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȔ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ȏȈȑȌȍȔ ș ȌȘțȋȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȓ ȐȊȍ ȘȈȏȊȍșȐșȚȖȑ ȗȍȘȍ-

150
ȎȌȍȔ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȕȍȍ Ȉ ȒȖȋȌȈ șȚȍȔȕȍȍȚ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȈ ȖșȚȘȖȊ ȗȍȘȍȉȍ-
ȘȍȔșȧ
DZșȎȐa LI
ǸȁDzǮ Ǽǻ ǺǼDZ DzdzȀȊǿȍ"
ǻȉȍȌȐȊȠȐșȤ ȟȚȖ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȗȖȋȐȉ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȉȍȏȔȖȓȊȕȖȑ ȚȍȔ-
ȕȖȑ ȧȔȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȏȈȕȧȚȤșȧ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍ-
ȕȐȍȔ
ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȟȚȖ ȘțȒȐ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȈȕȣ ǰȕȈȟȍ ȌȍȓȖ
ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ șȖȊșȍȔ ȗȓȖȝȖ Ȑ șȈȔ Ȗȕ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȣ ȕȍ șțȔȍȓ ȐȏȉȈ-
ȊȐȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȊȍȘȍȊȖȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ șȒȘțȚȐȓ ȍȔț ȘțȒȐ
ȏȈ șȗȐȕȖȑ
Dz ȧȔȍ ȗȖȋȓȖȚȐȊȠȍȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȕȍ ȘȍȠȈȓșȧ ȗȖȌ-
ȝȖȌȐȚȤ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȚȍȔȕȖ Ȑ
ȗȖȥȚȖȔț ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓ ȐșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖȗȖȓȖȎȕțȦ șȚȖ-
ȘȖȕț
ǷȖȌ ȘțȒȐ ȍȔț ȗȖȗȈȓȈșȤ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȌȓȐȕȕȈȧ ȚȖȓșȚȈȧ ȗȈȓ-
ȒȈ ȗțȟȖȒ ȊȍȘȍȊȖȒ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ ȒȈȔȕȐ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȣȑ șȚȖȓȉ ȏȈ-
ȟȍȔ-ȚȖ ȊȘȣȚȣȑ Ȋ ȏȍȔȓȦ
Ǫșȍ ȥȚȖ ȍȔț ȗȖȒȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖ ǸȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȚȤ ȗȖ-
ȐșȒȐ Ȋ Țț șȚȖȘȖȕț ȒțȌȈ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ ȗȘȐȕȍșȠȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȓȦȌȐ
ǷȖȓ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ Ƞȍȓ ȗȖȌ ȋȖȘț
ǷȘȖȑȌȧ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȋȓțȝȖȑ ȠțȔ Ȑ ȖȚ-
ȌȈȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȏȊțȒȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȋȖȓȖșȈ
ǵȍ ȘȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȧ Ȗȕ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕțȦ ȐȔ ȟȈșȚȤ
ȗȍȡȍȘȣ
ǿȚȖ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ" ǹȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȎȐȊȖȚȕȖȔț ȎȌȈȚȤ țȌȈȘȈ Ȗȉț-
ȝȖȔ" ǵȍȚ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȉȣȓ ȕȍ Ȑȏ ȚȈȒȐȝ Ƕȕ șȝȊȈȚȐȓ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȖȍ ȖȘțȎȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȉȣȓȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȗȖȌ ȘțȒȈȔȐ — ȕȈȑȌȍȕȕțȦ
ȐȔ ȗȈȓȒț ȏȈȉȣȊ Ȗ ȕȈȋȈȕȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȖȕȐ ș ǷȈȊȓȖȔ ȘȈȕȍȍ ȕȈ-
ȠȓȐ
 Ȑ ȗȘȐȚȈȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ

151
ȀțȔ ȕȈȘȈșȚȈȓ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȓșȧ ǵȍȘȊȣ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȕȈ-
ȗȘȧȎȍȕȣ ȌȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ
ǪȕȍȏȈȗȕȖ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ ȘȍȠȐȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ Ȗȕ șȝȊȈȚȐȓ
ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȓ ȖȌȐȕ ȍȍ ȒȖȕȍȞ Ȓ ȗȈȓȒȍ Ȉ ȌȘțȋȖȑ
Ȓ ȕȐȎȕȍȑ ȟȈșȚȐ șȚȖȓȉȈ șȚȖȧȊȠȍȋȖ ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ șȚȍȕȣ
ǺȈȔ ȋȌȍ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȗȖ ȏȍȔȓȍ Ȗȕ ȕȈȓȖȎȐȓ Ȓțȟț
ȒȈȔȕȍȑ
ǷȖȗȘȖȉȖȊȈȓ ȒȘȍȗȖșȚȤ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ ȕȈȚȧȕțȊ ȍȍ ǷȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ
ȒȘȈȦ ȧȔȣ Ȑ șȗțșȚȐȓ Ȋ ȕȍȍ ȗȈȓȒț ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȕȕțȦ Ȓ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȍ
ǷȘȐșȓțȠȈȓșȧ ǷȈȓȒȈ ȕȍ ȌȖșȚȈȓȈ ȊȖȌȣ
ǶȋȓȧȌȍȊȠȐșȤ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ șȝȊȈȚȐȓșȧ ȏȈ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț Ȑ șȚȈȓ ȖșȚȖ-
ȘȖȎȕȖ șȗțșȒȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȧȔț ǹȒȖȘȖ șȒȘȣȓșȧ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȐȕȍ dzȍȋȒȐȑ
șȒȘȐȗ ȕȈȚȧȋȐȊȈȦȡȍȑșȧ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ ǹȒȖȘȖ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȏȈȚȐȝ
ǬȈ Ȑ ȗȖȘȈ Ǫ ȗȍȡȍȘț ȊȝȖȌȐȓȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖ-
Șȣȍ ȕȈ ȝȖȌț ȗȍȘȍȒȐȌȣȊȈȓȐșȤ ȜȘȈȏȈȔȐ
— ǾȍȘȍȔȖȕȐȚȤșȧ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ Ȑȝ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȘț-
ȟȐȠȤ ǷțȓȦ Ȋ ȟȍȘȍȗ — Ȑ ȊȍșȤ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ
— ǵȍȚ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȗȖ-ȔȖȍȔț Ȑȝ șȓȍȌțȍȚ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȚȤ Ȓ
șȚȖȓȉț ȌȈ ȕȈȗțșȚȐȚȤ ȕȈȠȐȝ șȚȖȘȖȎȍȑ ș ȖșȚȘȖȊȈ — ȖȕȐ ȝȖȚȤ
Ȑ ȔȈȓȣ Ȉ ȧȏȣȒ șțȔȍȦȚ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȈȚȤ
— ǬȍȓȖ ȚȊȖȍ ǩȍȘȋ ȗȖ-ȔȖȍȔț Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȍ șȚȖȐȚ Țȍ-
ȘȧȚȤ ǪȍȌȤ Țȣ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ
— ǵț ȧ ȊȈș ȗȖȔȐȘȦ — ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ șȐȗȓȣȑ ȋȖȓȖș ǰȊȈ-
ȕȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ — ǷȘȐșȚȘȍȓȐȚȤ ȥȚț șȖȉȈȒț — Ȑ ȊȍșȤ ȘȈȏȋȖ-
ȊȖȘ ǵȍȚ ț ȕȈș ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȈ ȏȈȉȈȊȣ ǷȖȒȈȎȐ-ȒȈ Ȕȕȍ ǩȍȘȋ ȋȌȍ
ȖȕȐ ț Țȍȉȧ ȏȌȍșȤ șȗȘȧȚȈȕȣ ȚȤȔȈ ȟȍȘȚȖȊȈ ȝȖȚȤ ȉȣȚȤ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ
ȏȈȎȋȓȐ ȇ Ȑȝ șȍȑȟȈș Ȋ ȘȈșȝȖȌ ȗțȡț
— ǹȍȑȟȈș ȏȈȎȋț ǵȍ ȗȖȑȔț ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȚȈȔ ȗȘȐȚȐȝȓȐ
ǺțșȒȓȣȑ șȊȍȚ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓ ȗȖ ȗȖȓț Ȑ șȚȍȕȍ ȗȍȡȍ-
Șȣ ȕȍ ȌȖșȚȐȋȈȧ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȋȖ ȊȣșȚțȗȈ ȏȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȉȣȓȈ ȧȔȈ
ǩȍȘȋ Ȑ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ș ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȕȐȍȔ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐ ȔȍșȚȖ
ȋȌȍ ȖȕȐ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓȐ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȝ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠț Ƿȓȍȕ-
ȕȐȒȐ ȐșȟȍȏȓȐ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȓȐșȤ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ǹ ȉȍȠȍȕȣȔ ȘțȋȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȔ ȚȘȖȍ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐșȤ Ȗș-
ȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ țȋȓȣ Ȑ ȏȈȒȖțȓȒȐ
DzȘțȋȖȔ ȉȣȓȖ ȗțșȚȖ
ǷȘȐ ȗȖȐșȒȈȝ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ șȗȖȚȒȕțȓșȧ Ȗ ȋȘțȌț ȒȈȔȕȍȑ ȕȈ-
ȓȖȎȍȕȕțȦ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȣȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȏȈȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț Ȑ ȗȖ-

152
ȓȍȚȍȓ ȘțȋȈȧșȤ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ǪȌȘțȋ ȗȖȚȖȒ ȘțȋȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊ ȊȕȍȏȈȗȕȖ ȖȉȖȘȊȈȓșȧ
— ǪȍȘȍȊȒȈ ȇ ȏȈȞȍȗȐȓșȧ ȕȖȋȖȑ ȏȈ ȕȈȚȧȕțȚțȦ ȊȍȘȍȊȒț
ǸȈȕȤȠȍ ȍȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
— DzȈȒȈȧ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈ"
— Ǩ ȟȍȘȚ ȍȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȒȈȒȈȧ ǯȕȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȚțȋȖ ȕȈȚȧȕțȚȈ
ǹȖȉȘȈȓȐșȤ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ Ȑ ȗȖȠȓȐ ȊȌȖȓȤ ȕȍȍ ǯȈȊȍȘȕț-
ȓȐ ȏȈ ȊȣșȚțȗ ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȧȔȈ ǪȍȘȍȊȒȈ ȖȉȘȣȊȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȕȍȍ.
— ǹȍȑȟȈș ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓ ǩȍȘȋ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȧ
șȊȍȚ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȐȕț ȧȔȣ
ǬȖȉȘȈȊȠȐșȤ ȌȖ ȗȈȓȒȐ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țșȍȓșȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȍ ȊȍȘȝȖȔ Ȑ
ȗȘȐȎȈȓșȧ Ȓ șȚȍȕȍ Ƕȕ șȓȣȠȈȓ ȌȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȋȖ șȓȖȊȈ ȊȍșȤ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȖȊȖȘ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ Ǩ Ȋ ȚȖȚ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȕȈȠȍȓ
ȊȍȘȍȊȒț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȌȍȓȖ ȉȓȐȏȒȖ Ȓ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȒȍ
ȀȈȋȐ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȧȔȍ Ȑ ȏȈȚȐȝȓȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȈȦ
ȍȍ. ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȍȘȍȒȐȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ șȊȖȍȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȔ șȚțȓȍ Ȓ
ȚȖȔț ȒȖȕȞț ȧȔȣ ȋȌȍ șȚȖȧȓȐ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȣ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ
șȊȍȚ ȜȖȕȈȘȧ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȗȖȗȈȌȍȚ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖȗȖȓȖȎȕțȦ
șȚȖȘȖȕț ǷȘȐȎȈȓșȧ Ȓ șȚȍȕȍ Ȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ-
ȞȖ ȍȋȖ ȖȉȊȍȊȈȍȚ șȐȓȤȕȈȧ Ȑ ȠȐȘȖȒȈȧ șȚȘțȧ șȊȍȎȍȋȖ ȊȖȏȌțȝȈ
ȗȘȖȚȧȕțȓ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȘțȒț — ȗȘȧȔȖ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ ȠȐ-
ȘȖȒȖȍ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȠȓȈ șȚȘțȧ șȊȍȎȍȋȖ ȊȖȏȌțȝȈ
ǬțȔȈȚȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ ǹȚȈȊ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȗȈȓȒț Ȑ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ
șȖȝȘȈȕȐȚȤ ȘȈȊȕȖȊȍșȐȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȕȈȡțȗȈȓ ȕȖȋȖȑ ȒȘȈȑ ȖȚ-
ȊȍȘșȚȐȧ Ȑ ȕȍ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȧ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȐ Ȑȏ ȘțȒ șȒȘȣȓșȧ Ȋ șȊȖȍȔ ȕȖ-
ȊȖȔ țȉȍȎȐȡȍ
DZșȎȐa LII
ǿȀǾǮǴǮ ǼǿȀǾǼǰǮ
ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȖȔ ȏȈȓȍȋȓȐ Ȋ ȋțșȚȖȔ ȕȍȗȘȖȓȈȏȕȖȔ
ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȍ ȌȖȝȖȌȐȊȠȍȔ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȌȖ șȈȔȖȑ ȊȖȌȣ

153
ǮȌȈȚȤ ȐȔ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ǹțȔȍȘȒȐ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȖȏȍȘ-
ȕȣȔ ȚțȔȈȕȖȔ Ȋșȍ șȐȓȤȕȍȑ Ȑ șȐȓȤȕȍȑ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȧȓȐ ȗȘȖȔȍȎț-
ȚȖȒ ȔȍȎȌț ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔȐ Ȑ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȖȔ
— ǵț ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȘȈ Ȑ ȕȈȔ ȏȈ ȌȍȓȖ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȚȤșȧ
ǪȣȠȓȐ Ȑȏ ȒțșȚȖȊ ȗȖȌȖȠȓȐ Ȓ șȈȔȖȔț ȉȍȘȍȋț ȘȈȏȌȍȓȐșȤ
ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȊ ȗȓȈȚȤȍ ȕȈ ȋȖȓȖȊț Ȑ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ șȚȈȘȈȧșȤ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȐȏ-
ȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȠțȔȈ ȗȖȗȓȣȓȐ ǵȈ Ƞȍȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ ȗȘȐȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȑ
ȕȈ ȘȍȔȕȍ ȊȐșȍȓ ȕȈȋȈȕ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕȈȌȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ șȐȓȤ-
ȕȖ ȔȍȠȈȓ ȍȔț ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȓȈȊȈȕȐȧ
Ǫșȍ ȠȓȖ ȗȖ-ȝȖȘȖȠȍȔț Ȑ șȒȖȘȖ ȕȍȊȌȈȓȍȒȍ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȚȍȔ-
ȕȖȍ ȗȧȚȕȖ ȖșȚȘȖȊȈ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȓȖȊȞȣ șȖȉȘȈȓȐșȤ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤ-
șȧ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋ ȒȈȒ ȓțȕȈ ȕȍȗȘȖȠȍȕȖ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȐȔ ȗȘȖȎȍȒȚȖ-
ȘȖȔ ȖșȊȍȚȐȓȈ ȖșȚȘȖȊȖȒ ȏȍȓȍȕțȦ Ȓțȋț Ȑ ȏȈșȚȈȊȐȓȈ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋȈ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠț ȗȍȘȍȎȐȚȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȕȣȝ ȔȐȕțȚ
— ǿȍȘȚ ȍȍ ȌȍȘȕțȓ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ șȊȍȚȐȚȤ ǹȓȖȊȕȖ Ȕȣ
ȉȍȏ ȍȍ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ ȕȍ ȖȉȖȑȌȍȔșȧ
— ǬȈ ȉȍȏ ȓțȕȣ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ ȝȖȚȤ ȚȍȔȕȍȑ ȕȖ ȏȈȚȖ ȉȍȏȖȗȈș-
ȕȍȑ Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȍȑ
— ǵț ȌȈ ȓȈȌȕȖ Ǫșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ Ȋ ȊȖȌȍ ȌȖ țȚȘȈ șȐȌȍȚȤ ȕȍ ȉț-
ȌȍȔ ǵȈȌȖ ȊȣȓȍȏȈȚȤ ǬȍȘȎȐ ȒțȘș ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȊȖȚ ȚțȌȈ ȋȌȍ ȗȍ-
șȖȒ ǺȈȔ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȉȣ țȌȖȉȕȍȑ ȊȣȓȍȏȚȐ Ȑ ȖȌȍȚȤșȧ
ǬȖȉȘȈȊȠȐșȤ ȌȖ ȉȍȘȍȋȈ ȊȣȓȍȏȓȐ ȖȌȍȓȐșȤ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȓȐ ȕȈ-
ȋȈȕ Ȑ ȚȘȖȕțȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȊȐȌȕȍȊȠȐȔșȧ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȐȕȍ ȌțȉȈȔ Ȗ ȒȖȚȖ-
Șȣȝ ȐȔ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ dzȧȠȒȈ ǪȖȚ ȖȕȐ ȗȖȌȖȠȓȐ Ȓ ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔ
Ȑ ȏȈȕȧȓȐșȤ ȖȚȣșȒȐȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȚȈȑȕȐȒȈ
— ǿȚȖ ȥȚȖ? — ȠȍȗȖȚȖȔ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȧ
ȕȈ ȌȖȘȖȋț ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ șȍȉȧ — DzȖȋȌȈ Ȕȣ ș ȉȍȘȍȋȈ ȗȖȠȓȐ ȧ ȥȚȖ
ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ — ȊȍșȤ ȗȍșȖȒ ȚȘȖȗȐȕȒȐ ȉȣȓ ȟȐșȚ Ȉ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ
ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȒȚȖ ȗȈȓȖȒ ȕȈȉȘȖșȈȓ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ șȔȖȚȘȐ ȚȖȊȈ-
ȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȠȍȊȍȓȧȚșȧ
— DzȚȖ" ǫȌȍ" DzȚȖ ȠȍȊȍȓȐȚșȧ"
— ǬȈ ȗȈȓȒȐ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ Ȑ ȊȌȘțȋ ȘȍȏȒȖ
ȖȚȗȘȧȕțȓ ȕȈȏȈȌ Ȓ Ȍțȉț ȗȖȚȧȕțȊ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȊȈȦȡȍȋȖ
ǷȈȊȓțȠț
ǷȖȟȚȐ Ȑȏ-ȗȖȌ ȍȋȖ ȕȖȋ Ȑȏ ȘȍȌȒȖȋȖ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȈ Ȋȣșțȕț-
ȓȈșȤ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȊȣȉȘȖȠȍȕȕȈȧ ȕȈ ȗȘțȎȐȕȍ ȗȓȖșȒȈȧ ȋȖȓȖȊȈ ȒȘțȗ-
ȕȖȑ ȋȈȌȦȒȐ

154
ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȑ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȏȈ ©ȗȈȓȒȐª ȕȈ ȌȖȘȖȋȍ Ȑ
ȗȖȟȍȔț ȖȕȐ ȠȍȊȍȓȧȚșȧ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȌȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȍȌȤ ȏȔȍȐ ǬȈ șȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȏȍ
Ȑȝ ȏȌȍșȤ ǹȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ — ȖȚȖȊșȦȌț ȗȖȓȏțȚ Ȑ Ȋșȍ Ȋ ȕȈȠț șȚȖ-
ȘȖȕț
— ǬȈ Ǫ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ Ȕȣ ȗȖȗȈȓȐ ȕȍ Ȑȏ ȗȘȐȧȚȕȣȝ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȓȍȏȍȔ ȕȈ Ȍțȉ ǪȍȌȤ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ ȕȍ-
ȒțȌȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȌȍȊȈȚȤșȧ
ǹȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȍ ȖȕȐ ȉȘȖșȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȍȔț Ȍȍ-
ȘȍȊț ȗȖȌȗȘȣȋȕțȊ șȝȊȈȚȐȓȐșȤ ȏȈ ȕȐȎȕȐȍ ȊȍȚȊȐ Ȑ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ țȎȍ șȐȌȍȓȐ ȗȈ ȕȐȝ
Ǩ ȊȕȐȏț ȚȊȖȘȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȖȍ Ȑ ȏȓȖȊȍ-
ȡȍȍǹȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȧȕț ȗȍȘȍȌ ȌțȉȈȔȐ șȗȖȓȏȈȓȐșȤ ȏȔȍȐ.
DzȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȍșȤ ȗȍșȖȒ ȒțșȚȣ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȚȐȓȐșȤ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȎȐ-
ȊȖȍ ȏȓȖȉȕȖ ȠȐȗȧȡȍȍ Ȑ ȌȊȐȋȈȦȡȍȍșȧ ȊȖȓȕȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖ
ǯȔȍȐ șȗȓȍȚȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȘȐȟțȌȓȐȊȣȍ ȔȕȖȋȖȋȖȓȖȊȣȍ ȒȓțȉȒȐ
ȌȊȐȋȈȧșȤ Ȗȉȡȍȑ ȔȈșșȖȑ
DzȈȒ ȉȣ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȧ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȍ șȐȌȧȚ ȗȖȚȘȍȊȖȎȐȊȠȐȍ
Ȑȝ ȓȦȌȐ ȖȕȐ Ȋșȍȑ ȔȈșșȖȑ șȒȖȗȐȓȐșȤ ț ȒȖȘȕȍȑ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȧ
ȊȊȍȘȝ ȖșȚȘȣȍ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȐ șȊȍȘȒȈȧ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ Ȑ ȠȐȗȧ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȐ ȉȣ Ȕȣ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȉȣȓȐ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍ
țșȗȍȓȐ ȏȈȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȖ dzțȟȠȍ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȗȍȘȍȌ șȖȉȖȑ șȈ-
Ȕȣȝ ȖȚȢȧȊȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȟȍȔ ȥȚț ȗȖȓȏțȟțȦ ȚȊȈȘȤ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȔȍȓȈȕȝȖȓȐȟȍșȒȐ ȉȈȘȈȉȈȕȐȓ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ ȗȖ șȚȊȖȓț Ȍȍ-
ȘȍȊȈ ǹȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȕȖȋȈ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȖȉȐȓȈ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ,
ȏȈșȚȘȧȊ Ȋ ȕȍȔ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ șȔȖȚȘȐ — Ȋ ȌȍȘȍȊȍ ȌȣȘȈ ǶȕȖ Ȋ
șȘȍȌȐȕȍ ȗțșȚȖȍ ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȥȚȖ Ȑ ȍșȚȤ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ Ȍțȉ Ȗ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȖȔ dzȧȠȒȈ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ"
— ǵȍȚ ȥȚȖ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ȊȖȕ șȈȔȣȑ ȊȣșȖȒȐȑ Ȑ ȚȖȓ-
șȚȣȑ
— ǵț Ȉ ȚțȚ-ȚȖ ȟȚȖ"
— Ǩ ȊȖȚ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓ
ȘȈșȠȐȘȧȚȤ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ ǪȖȚ ȖȕȖ țȎȍ șȚȈȓȖ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȣȔ Ȍȓȧ
ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȔȖȋ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȕțȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ

155
DZșȎȐȎ LIII
ȃǼDz ǰ Dzȁǽǹdz
ǯȈȋȓȧȕțȓȐ ȊȕȐȏ ȌȖ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ șȈȎȍȕȐ
— ǬȈȊȈȑ ȧ ȗȘȣȋȕț ȚțȌȈ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ǺȈȔ ȔȕȖȋȖ
ȓȐșȚȤȍȊ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ țȉȤȍȠȤșȧ ǯȔȍȑ ȚȈȔ ȕȍȚ — ȖȕȐ ȊȍȌȤ ȗȖ
ȌȍȘȍȊȤȧȔ ȓȈȏȐȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȋțȚ
— ǪȈȓȧȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȍȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ
ǷȘȣȋȕțȓ ǷȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȚȘȍșȒ ȓȖȔȈȦȡȐȝșȧ ȌȖșȖȒ Ȑ ǷȈ-
Ȋȍȓ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȗȘȖȊȈȓȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȧȔț
— ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ǵȍ ȉȖȑșȧ ǮȐȊ Ȑ ȏȌȖȘȖȊ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȖȋț ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ țȠȐȉ
ǴȧȋȒȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȌȈ ȕȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖ dzȍȏȤ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ țȗȐȘȈȧșȤ ȘțȒȈȔȐ Ȑ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ Ȋ șȚȍȕȣ ȌțȗȓȈ ȕȈ-
ȟȈȓ șȗțșȒȈȚȤșȧ ǪȖȚ Ȑ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ
— ǷȖșȚȖȘȖȕȐșȤ ȧ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȘȣȋȕț
ǷȘȣȎȖȒ ȗȘȖȠȍȓ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȕȖ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȐȊȠȐșȤ
ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐșȤ ǪȗȍȘȍȌ ȗȖȌ șȐȓȤȕȣȔ țȒȓȖȕȖȔ țȝȖȌȐȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-
ȚȖ ȝȖȌ ǪȣșȖȚȈ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȝȖȌȈ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧȓȈ ȐȌȚȐ, ȕȍ șȋȐȉȈȧșȤ ǪȖȏ-
Ȍțȝ ȉȣȓ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȑ ȚȖȠȕȖȚȊȖȘȕȣȑ ǿțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȊ-
ȕȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȥȚȐȔ ȝȖȌȖȔ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓșȧ ǩȈȕȌȐ-
Țȣ Ȗ ȕȍȔ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓȐ ȐȕȈȟȍ ȐȔ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖ-
ȊȈȓȐșȤ ȉȣ
ǬȊȐȕțȓȐșȤ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȉȖȧșȤ ȗȖ-
ȗȈșȚȤ Ȋ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȧȔț ǺȤȔȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍȗȘȖȋȓȧȌȕȈȧ
— Ǻșș ȀȈȋȐ DzȚȖ-ȚȖ ȒȘȈȌȍȚșȧ ǹȚȈȕȖȊȐșȤ Ȓ șȚȍȕȍ ȊȖȚ
ȏȌȍșȤ Ȉ ȧ șȚȈȕț ȕȈȗȘȖȚȐȊ DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȐȌțȡȐȑ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȍȚșȧ
ș ȕȈȔȐ ȝȊȈȚȈȑ ȍȋȖ ȏȈ ȋȖȘȓȖ Ȑ ȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ ǹȚȘȍȓȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȉț-
ȌȍȔǷȘȐȚȈȐȓȐșȤ ǮȌțȚ ȀȈȋȐ ȉȓȐȎȍ Ȑ ȉȓȐȎȍ ǪȖȚ țȎȍ Ȋ
ȚȍȔȕȖȚȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȐȚȤ ȕȍȧșȕȣȍ ȖȟȍȘȚȈȕȐȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍș-
ȒȖȑ ȜȐȋțȘȣ ǪȖȚ ȖȕȈ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȓȈșȤ ș ǷȈȊȓțȠȍȑ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘ-
ȋȖȔ Ȑ Țȍ șȓȖȊȕȖ ȗȖȌȒȐȕțȚȣȍ ȗȘțȎȐȕȖȑ ȕȈȊȈȓȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȐȌț-
ȡȍȋȖ
ǽȘȐȗȓȣȑ ȒȘȐȒ ǪȖȏȕȧ

156
— ǵȍȚ ȊȘȍȠȤ șȖȉȈȒȈ ȕȍ ȊȣȘȊȍȠȤșȧ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȌȍȘȎȐ-ȒȈ
ȍȋȖ ȘțȒț
— Ǩȝ Țȣ ȟȍȘȚ ǿțȚȤ ȗȈȓȍȞ ȕȍ ȖȚȒțșȐȓ ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ ȌȈ șȚțȒȕȐ Țȣ ȍȋȖ ȗȖ ȟȍȘȍȗț ©ȕȈȋȈȕȖȔª ǨȊȖșȤ țșȗȖ-
ȒȖȐȚșȧ
— ǬȈ ȗțșȚȐȚȍ Ȋȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȌȤȧȊȖȓȣ ȐȓȐ ȕȍȚ" ǪȍȌȤ ȥȚȖ ȧ —
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
— ȇ Țȍȉȍ ȗȘȐȒȐȕțșȤ Ǻȣ ȉȣ ȍȡȍ ȒȍȔ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȈȏȊȈȓșȧ
DzȘțȚȐ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȍȔț ȘțȒț ȌȈ șȐȓȤȕȍȑ
— Ǩȑ — ȊȏȊȐȏȋȕțȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ — ǿțȚȤ ȕȖș Ȕȕȍ ȕȍ ȖȚȖȘȊȈȓ
ǬȈ ȉȍȑȚȍ Ȋȣ ȍȋȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ǬȈ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȖșȈȚȈȕȍȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ" ǪȍȌȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȦ ȟȚȖ ȧ ǪȈ-
șȦȚȐȕ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ǻȒȖȔȈ ǩȘȖșȐȠȤ Țȣ Ȕȕȍ
ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȟȍȘȚȍȕȖȒ ȘțȒț ȒȘțȚȐȚȤ"
ǹ ȥȚȐȔȐ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȐȓȐ ȚȖȚ ȒȚȖ șȚȈȘȈȓșȧ ȊȣȌȈȚȤ
șȍȉȧ ȏȈ ȕȍȋȖ ȐȏȓȖȊȟȐȓșȧ Ȑ ȚȒȕțȓ ȕȖȋȖȑ Ȋ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐȕ ȎȐ-
ȊȖȚǷȈȊȍȓ ȊȏȊȣȓ Ȑ ȖȚȒȈȚȐȓșȧ ȕȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȖșȚȍȘȊȍȕȍȓȖ ȊȞȍ-
ȗȐȓșȧ Ȋ țȌȈȘȐȊȠțȦ ȍȋȖ ȕȖȋț
— ǷȖșȚȖȑ Ȕȣ șȍȑȟȈș ȘȈȏțȏȕȈȍȔ, ȒȚȖ ȥȚȖ ǷȖȔȖȋȈȑ-ȒȈ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȌȚȈȡȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȉȓȐȎȍ Ȓ ȊȣȝȖȌț
ǹȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȧȊȠȍȋȖșȧ Ȑ ȉȘȣȒȈȦȡȍȋȖșȧ ȗȓȍȕȕȐȒȈ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ
ȗȖȌȚȧȕțȓȐ Ȓ ȚȖȔț ȔȍșȚț ȋȌȍ ȒȖȕȟȈȓȈșȤ ȓȍșȚȕȐȞȈ șȗțșȒȈȦ-
ȡȈȧșȧ ȗȖ Ȍțȗȓț ȌțȉȈ ǯȌȍșȤ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȊȍȚȓȖ
— Ǩ ȕț-ȒȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȑ șȊȖȦ ȖȉȘȈȏȐȕț — ș ȥȚȐȔȐ șȓȖȊȈ-
ȔȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȖȌȕȧȓ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȗȓȍȕȕȐȒȈ — ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ ȌȈ ȊȍȌȤ
ȥȚȖ Ȏȍ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ǩ Ȕȣ-ȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȗȖ ȗȖȓț ȊȖȓȖ-
ȟȐȓȐ Ȑ ȊșȦ ȥȚț ȊȖȏȕȦ țșȚȘȖȐȓȐ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȋȏȋȓȧȕțȓ Ȑ țȉȍȌȐȓșȧ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ȉ ȕȍ ȒȚȖ-ȓȐȉȖ ȌȘțȋȖȑ
— ǵț ȘȍȉȧȚȈ Ȑ ȗȖȔȧȓȐ Ȋȣ Ȕȕȍ ȉȖȒȈ ȇ țȎ ȌțȔȈȓ ȒȖȕȍȞ
Ȕȕȍ ȗȘȐȠȍȓ
— ǰ Ȋȣ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȚȖȎȍ Ȋ ȌȖȓȋț ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ
ǺȈȒ Ȕȕȍ ȗȖȌ ȊȏȌȖȝ ȏȈȒȈȚȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș ȖȗȖȔȕȐȚȤșȧ ȕȍ
ȔȖȋț
— ǵț ȓȈȌȕȖ țȎȍ Ȕȣ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ șȖșȟȐȚȈȍȔșȧ
— ȠțȚȓȐȊȖ ȌȖȉȈȊȐȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — Ǩ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȌȈȊȈȑȚȍ ȊȣȉȐ-
ȘȈȚȤșȧ Ȑȏ ȥȚȖȑ ȟȍȘȚȖȊȖȑ ȌȣȘȣ

157
— ȅȚȖ ȓȍȋȒȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ Ȑ ȕȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȓȍȋȒȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ —
ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ǰ Ȗȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ ȒȈȒțȦ ȕȈȌȍȎȕțȦ șȚȘȈȎț ȐȔȍȍȚ
ȖșȚȘȖȊ
— ǬȈ ȥȚȖ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȖșȓȖȎȕȧȍȚ ȌȍȓȖ ȕȖ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ Ȋȣȉ-
ȘȈȚȤșȧ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ Ȑ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț ȈȑȌȈ ȕȈȊȍȘȝ ǺȈȔ ȌȍȓȖ ȉțȌȍȚ
ȊȐȌȕȍȑ
DZșȎȐȎ /,9
ǰǿȀǾdzȅǮ ǻǮ ǰǼǸǵǮǹdz
ǯȈȝȊȈȚȐȊ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȍ ȗȖȌȓȐȕȕȣȍ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ
ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȖȝȘȈȕȐȚȤ ȖȚ ȊșȧȒȐȝ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȕȖșȚȍȑ Ȋ ȌȖ-
ȘȖȋȍ — ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȊȣȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȟȍȘȌȈȒ ȗȖȌȕȧȊ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ ȓȍșȚ-
ȕȐȞț Ȑ ȗȓȖȚȕȖ ȗȘȐȒȘȣȓ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ Ȋ ȗȖȚȖȓȒȍ ȗȘȐȌȈȊȐȊ ȍȋȖ
șȊȍȘȝț ȒȐȘȗȐȟȈȔȐ
ǵȈ ȟȍȘȌȈȒȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȍȔȕȖ dzȈȊȐȘțȧ ȔȍȎȌț ȉȈȓȒȈȔȐ ȟȐ-
ȝȈȧ ȖȚ ȗȣȓȐ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȗȘȖȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋțȦ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȌȖȔȈ Ȑ
ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȘȖȓȖȔ Ȋȣȋȓȧȕțȓ ȕȈ țȓȐȞț ǵȈ țȓȐȞȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȐȝȖ
ǫȖȘȖȌ șȗȈȓ ǨȋȍȕȚȣ ǨȘȍȕșȒȖȋȖ ȉȣȓȐ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȣ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȣȔ ȐșȟȍȏȕȖȊȍȕȐȍȔ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ Ȑ țșȐȓȍȕȕȖ ȐșȒȈȓȐ ȗțȚȤ ȗȖ
ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔț ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȔȖȋ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ
Ǭȓȧ ȉȍȋȓȍȞȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȌȖȘȖȋȈ ȒȈȎȌȈȧ ȔȐȕțȚȈ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț Ȗȉ-
ȊȧȏȈȊ ȉȈȓȒț ȕȈ ȟȍȘȌȈȒȍ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȐȝȊȈȟȍȕȕȖȑ ȐȔ Ȋȍ-
ȘȍȊȒȖȑ Ȑ șȉȘȖșȐȊ ȖȌȐȕ ȒȖȕȍȞ ȍȍ ȊȕȐȏ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ șȗțșȚȐȓșȧ
ȕȈ ȚȘȖȚțȈȘ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȊȠȐșȤ ȗȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȈȔ Ȗȕ ȉȣșȚȘȖ
șȒȘȣȓșȧ ȊȖ ȔȘȈȒȍ ȋȓțȝȐȝ ȔȖșȒȖȊșȒȐȝ țȓȐȞ
©ǷȖȒȈ ȖȕȐ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ ȝȖȌȈ Ȋ ȗȖȚȈȑȕțȦ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț
ȕȈȌȖ ȊȣȍȝȈȚȤ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣª — ȘȈșșțȎȌȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȕȈȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȧȧșȤ Ȓ ȊȖȒȏȈȓț
Ƕȕ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȕȈ ȟȈșȣ ǷȘȐ șȊȍȚȍ ȏȈȎȎȍȕȕȖȑ șȗȐȟȒȐ
șȚȘȍȓȒȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȉȍȏ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȐ ȚȘȐ ȟȈșȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ țșȒȖȘȐȓ
ȠȈȋȐ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȐȌȚȐ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȡȍ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ Ȉ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȑ
ȗȖȍȏȌ ȖȚȝȖȌȐȓ Ȋ  ȟȈșȈ  ȔȐȕțȚ

158
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȟțȚȤȍȔ țȋȈȌȣȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȉȓȈȊȈ ȕȈ ȍȋȖ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘț
ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ șȓțȟȈȑȕȈ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȕȐȚȐ Ȑȝ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȉȣ-
ȓȐ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣ ǶȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ ș ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȈȔȐ Ȋșȍȝ ȌȘțȋȐȝ ȟȓȍȕȖȊ
ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȖȌȍȓȈȕȖ ȚȖ Ȏȍ
©ǻȌȈșȚșȧ ȓȐ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ȒȖȔț-ȕȐȉțȌȤ" — ȌțȔȈȓ ǷȖ--
ȓȖȏȖȊ ǷȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ ȗȘȖȗȓȣȊȈȓȈ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȍȋȖ ȏȈșȍȌȈ-
ȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȚȈȒ ȟȍȚȒȖ ȊȣȘȐșȖȊȣȊȈȓȈșȤ ȗȍȘșȗȍȒȚȐȊȈ Ȑȝ
țșȗȍȝȖȊ ǰ ȊȖȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊț ȗȘȐ-
ȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȚȤ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤ-
ȔȐȕȖȋȈª
ǵȈ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȚȖȓȒȖȚȕȧ ȒȘȐȒȐ ȘțȋȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ ǷȍȘȍȌ
ȥȚȐȔ ȗȘȐȉȣȓ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ș ȦȋȈ ȗȖȍȏȌ ȊȣȉȘȖșȐȊ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ
ȕȐȍ ȊȖȒȏȈȓȈ ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȓȦȌȍȑ dzȦȌȐ ș ȔȍȠȒȈȔȐ ȒȖȘȏȐȕȈȔȐ
ȟȍȔȖȌȈȕȈȔȐ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȧȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȣ
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȕȈ ȊșȧȒȐȑ șȓțȟȈȑ șȚȈȘȈȓșȧ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȔȍșȚȈȝ
Ȕȍȕȍȍ ȖșȊȍȡȍȕȕȣȝ ǷȘȐșȓȖȕȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȓ șȚȍȕȍ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȉȈȋȈȎ-
ȕȖȑ ȒȈșșȣ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȐȔȍȓ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖ ȖșȔȈȚȘȐ-
ȊȈȚȤ ȕȍȦ ȚȖȓȗț ȖșȚȈȊȈȧșȤ Ȋ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȏȈ-
ȔȍȟȍȕȕȣȔ ǵȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ȕȍȋȖ șȚȖȧȓȈ Ȋ ȘȈȏȌțȔȤȍ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȈ
ȖȌȍȚȈȧ Ȋ ȒȖȎȈȕțȦ ȒțȘȚȒț ș ȒȘȈșȕȖȈȘȔȍȑșȒȐȔ ȠȓȍȔȖȔ ȕȈ
ȋȖȓȖȊȍ ǹȉȖȒț ț ȕȍȍ ȊȐșȍȓ ȕȈȋȈȕ dzȐȞȈ ȍȍ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓ
ǶȕȈ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȓȈ ș ȕȖșȐȓȤȡȐȒȖȔ
©DzȈȒȈȧ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȒȖȔȐșșȈȘȠȈª — ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȏȓȖȉ-
ȕȖ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȊ ȕȈ ȕȍȍ.
ǮȍȕȡȐȕȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ Ȑ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȍȍ ȟȍȚȒȐȑ ȗȖ-
ȘȖȌȐșȚȣȑ ȗȘȖȜȐȓȤ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ȖȚ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȐȧ
©ǭȓȍȕȈ ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȖȕȈ"ª
Ƕȕ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ ȉȓȐȎȍ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȓțȟȠȍ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȚȤ ȍȍ ǹȖ-
ȔȕȍȕȐȑ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ — ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȖȕȈ
ǷȖȌȖȑȌȧ șȏȈȌȐ Ȗȕ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓ ȍȍ ȏȈ ȘțȒȈȊ ǶȕȈ
ȖȋȓȧȕțȓȈșȤ Ȑ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȈ ȋȓȈȏȈ
— Ǫȣ"
— ǬȈ ȥȚȖ ȧ ǵȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȈȧ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈ ȗȘȈȊȌȈ"
— Ǩ ȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ș ȗȖȍȏȌȈ Ȑ șȖȉȐȘȈȓȈșȤ Ȓ ȊȈȔ
— Ƕ Ȋȣ țȎȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ ȉȣ Ǵȣ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣ Ȑ
ȟȍȒȐșȚȣ ȝȖȏȧȑȕȐȟȈȦȚ șȍȑȟȈș ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȍ ȇ ȉȍȎȈȓ
— ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ șȓȖȊȈ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ șȒȈȏȈȓ ȚȐȝȖ Ȑ ȗȖ-ȜȘȈȕȞțȏșȒȐ
— ǺȈȒ ȏȕȈȟȐȚ

159
— ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ȕȈȌȖ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȉȍȎȈȚȤ Ȑ ȊȈȔ Ȑ Ȕȕȍ ȇ țȎȍ
Ȋșȍ șȓȣȠȈȓ Ȗ ǩȘȖȕȐșȓȈȊȍ Ȑ Ȓȕȧȏȍ ǬȍȓȈȚȤ ȏȌȍșȤ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ
ȕȍȟȍȋȖ
Dz țȚȘț ȈȋȍȕȚȣ ǴȖșȒȖȊșȒȖȑ ǿDz ȖȉȣșȒȐȊȈȊȠȐȍ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘț
ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ ȕȈȠȓȐ ȗȖȚȈȑȕȖȑ ȝȖȌ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ǷȖ-
ȓȖȏȖȊ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ǩȣȓ ȖȚȒȘȣȚ ȝȖȌ ȕȈ ȟȍȘȌȈȒ Ȑ ȊȍȘȍȊȒȈ șȗțș-
ȒȈȊȠȈȧșȧ ș ȟȍȘȌȈȒȈ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋțȦ șȚȖȘȖȕț țȓȐȞȣ Ǩ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊȈ
ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ
ǶȉȓȈȊȣ Ȋ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȈȝ ȟȓȍȕȖȊ ©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤ-
ȔȐȕȖȋȈª ȉȣȓȐ țȌȈȟȕȣ Ȋșȍ ȗȧȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȝȊȈȟȍȕȣ
ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕȣ Ȟȍȕȕȣȍ ȌȖȒțȔȍȕȚȣ ǵȖ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟ-
ȕȖ șȒȘȣȓșȧ ǷȖȐșȒȐ ȗȖ ǴȖșȒȊȍ ȕȍ ȌȈȓȐ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈ-
ȚȖȊ. ǬȊȈ Ȍȕȧ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȔȍȚȈȓșȧ ȗȖ ǴȖșȒȊȍ Ȋ ȗȖȐșȒȈȝ ȒȈȒȐȝ-
ȕȐȉțȌȤ șȓȍȌȖȊ
ǵȈ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȖșȓȍ ȖȉȓȈȊȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ ǨȘȍȕșȒȐȑ ȚȖȘȎȍ-
șȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȗȖȉȍȌț Ȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȚȍȔ ȓȖȔȈȓ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȕȈȌ ȚȍȔ ȒțȌȈ
ȔȖȋ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ǷȖȓȖȏȖȊ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ǭȓȍȕȖȑ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȐȓ
ȋȘȈȕȐȞț ǸțȔȣȕȐȐ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȧșȤ Ȋ ǷȖȓȤȠț
DZșȎȐD /9
ǸǮǸ ǰȉǯǾǮȀȊǿȍ ǿ ǼǿȀǾǼǰǮ"
Ǭțȉ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌțȗȓȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ǷȈȊȓțȠȈ Ȑ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȕȍȖȎȐ-
ȌȈȕȕȖ ȖȟțȚȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ Ȑ ȋȌȍ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ
șȚȖȓȒȕțȓȐșȤ ș ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȣȔ șȚȖȧȓ ȖȚ ȉȍȘȍȋȈ șȈȎȍȕȧȝ Ȋ ȠȍșȚȐ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓ șȚȈȘȣȑ șȚȖȓȍȚȕȐȑ Ȍțȉ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȘȈȏȉȘȖșȈȊȠȐȑ
șȊȖȐ ȊȍȚȊȐ
ǰȏ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȍȓȤȧ ȗȍȘȊȣȔ ȊȣȉȘȈȓșȧ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ Ȑ ȏȈȓȍȏ ȗȖ-
ȊȣȠȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țșȚȘȖȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȕȐȎȕȐȝ ȊȍȚȊȧȝ
ǪȕȐȏț ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț ȐȏȊȐȊȈȧșȤ Ȑ ȠȐȗȧ ȗȖȓȏȈȓȐ ȋȈȌȦ-
ȒȐ ǹȗțșȚȐȚȤșȧ ȊȕȐȏ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȑ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ
— ǿȍȘȚ ȥȚȖ Ȕȕȍ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ ȕȘȈȊȐȚșȧ — șȍȘȌȐȓșȧ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ — șȍȑȟȈș Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș ȌȖȘȖȋȈ ȒȈȎȌȈȧ ȔȐȕțȚȈ Ȉ ȚțȚ șȐȌȐ Ȑ

160
ȎȌȐ ț ȔȖȘȧ ȗȖȋȖȌȣ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȋȣ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ șȍȘȌȐȚȍșȤ Ȕȣ șȍȑ-
ȟȈș șțȔȍȍȔ ȊȣȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚșȦȌȈ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ șȊȍȘȝț ǷȈȊȓțȠ-
ȒȈ
— Ǩ ȕț ȟȚȖ Țȣ ȚȈȔ ȗȘȐȌțȔȈȓ ȋȖȊȖȘȐ
— ǺțȚ ȗȖ șȖșȍȌșȚȊț șȖȊșȍȔ ȉȓȐȏȒȖ șȚȖȐȚ ȉȍȘȍȏȈ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȍ — ȗțșȚȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ Ȉ ȍȎȍȓȐ ȏȈȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ șȈȔțȦ
ȍȍ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒț Ȑ ȘȈșȒȈȟȈȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȑ ȚȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȗȘȣȋ-
ȕțȚȤ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȋ ȊȖȌț
— ǰ șȓȖȔȈȚȤ șȍȉȍ ȠȍȦ — ȌȖȒȖȕȟȐȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— Ǻȣ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ȚȈȒ ȌțȔȈȍȠȤ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ — ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȈȓ ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȒț ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — ȅȚȖ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȗȘȈȊȌȈ ȚȘțȌȕȖ Ȑ ȘȐșȒȖȊȈȕ-
ȕȖ ȕȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȈȔ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȍȚșȧ
ǵȈ ȔȐȕțȚț ȕȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȍ ȕȈșȚțȗȐȓȖ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȍ ǷȘȍȘȊȈȓ ȍȋȖ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
— ǵț ȟȚȖ Ȏ ȌȈȊȈȑȚȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ǪȘȍȔȧ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȍ ȎȌȍȚ
— ǬȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȍȘȕȖ — ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȊȣȝȖȌ — șȖȋȓȈșȐȓșȧ
ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ — ǵț ȟȚȖ Ȏ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȑ
ǪȊȍȘȝț șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȏȈȠțȘȠȈȓȐ ȓȐșȚȤȧ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȗȍȘȍȉȘȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍ-
ȏț Ȑ țȎȍ ȘȈșȒȈȟȐȊȈȓșȧ ȕȈ șȈȔȖȑ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȍ ǩȍȘȍȏȈ șȒȘȐȗȍ-
ȓȈ șȊȖȐȔ șȚȈȘȣȔ ȗȘȖȋȕȐȊȠȐȔ șȚȊȖȓȖȔ ȚȘȍȡȈȓȐ șțȝȐȍ ȓȐ-
șȚȤȧ Ȑ ȓȍȚȍȓȐ ȊȕȐȏ ȊȣȏȣȊȈȧ șȘȍȌȐ ȏȔȍȑ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȖ
— ȇ ȗȘȣȋȈȦ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ șȊȍȘȝț ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȊȍȘȠȐ-
ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȏȣ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȘȈșȒȈȟȈȓȈșȤ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȏȈȔȍȘȓȐ DzȈȎȌțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț ǷȈȊȓțȠ-
ȒȈ ȔȖȋ șȖȘȊȈȚȤșȧ ȊȕȐȏ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
ȕȍȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓȖșȤ
ȥȚȖ ȚȖȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȖȎȐȌȈȕȐȍ ǷȖȚȖȔ ȖȕȐ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȓȐ-
șȚȤȧ ȒȈȒ ȚȍȓȖ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȈ ȉȍȘȍȏȣ ȕȈȒȓȖȕȐ-
ȓȈșȤ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȖȏȍȘȈ ȔȍȚȕțȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ ȟȍȘȕȖȑ ȚȍȕȤȦ
©ǬȖȗȘȣȋȕȍȚ ȐȓȐ ȕȍȚ"ª — ȌțȔȈȓ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ
ǿȍȘȍȏ șȍȒțȕȌț ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȊșȗȓȍșȒ ȊȖȌȣ Ȑ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖȍ
ȜȣȘȒȈȕȤȍ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȐ ǻ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȈ Ȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ șȘȈȏț ȖȚȓȍȋ-
ȓȖ ȖȚ șȍȘȌȞȈ
— ǷȓȣȊȐ Ȓ ȉȍȘȍȋț — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȍ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ
— ǵț ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȗȘȣȋȈȑ Țȣ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȉ ȧ ȗȖșȓȍ
ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ, ȖȟțȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȖȏȍȘȍ

161
ǵȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕț Ȑ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ ȕȍ ȗȖȊȍȏȓȖ ǸȈșȒȈȟȈȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ
ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȍ ȉȍȘȍȏȣ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ țȎȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȣȋȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ
ȊȌȘțȋ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȚȘȍșȒ ȊȕȐȏț ǹȚȈȘȈȧ țȎȍ ȕȈșȒȊȖȏȤ ȗȘȖȋȕȐȊ-
ȠȈȧ ȉȍȘȍȏȈ ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȓȈ Ȑ ȗȖȌȓȖȔȐȊȠȐșȤ ȋȘȖȝȕțȓȈșȤ
ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ țșȓȣȠȈȊ ȥȚȖ ȏȈȔȍȘȓȐ Ȋ
ȊȖȌȍ
Dz șȟȈșȚȤȦ ȗȈȌȍȕȐȍ Ȍȓȧ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ ȉȣȓȖ țȌȈȟȕȣȔ ǩȍ-
ȘȍȏȈ țȗȈȊ ȕȈ șȊȖȐ ȊȍȚȊȐ ȏȈȒȈȟȈȓȈșȤ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȗȘțȎȐȕȍ Ȉ ǪȈ-
șȦȚȐȕ ȗȘȖȟȕȖ ȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ ȏȈ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȑ șȚȊȖȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȖȚȌȍ-
ȓȈȓșȧ ȕȍȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȞȈȘȈȗȐȕȈȔȐ
ǩȍȘȍȏȈ țȗȈȓȈ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȖȏȍȘȈ ǶȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȚ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȈ
ȊșȍȋȖ Ȋ ȌȊțȝ șȈȎȍȕȧȝ ǵȍ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȘȈȏȌțȔȣȊȈȧ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȒȐ-
ȕțȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȔț șȗȘȣȋȕțȊ șȘȍȌȐ ȗȖȓȖȔȈȕȕȣȝ ȊȍȚȖȒ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȦ
ǸȐșȒ ȉȣȓ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȕȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȉȣȓ țȌȐȊȓȍȕ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȕȖ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȊȖ-
Ȍț. ǯȔȍȑ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ǶȕȐ ȕȈȗțȋȈȕȕȣȍ ȠțȔȖȔ țȗȈȊȠȍȑ ȉȍȘȍ-
ȏȣ, ȘȈșȗȖȓȏȓȐșȤ
ǷȍȘȍȗȓȣȊ ȖȏȍȘȖ Ȋșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȊȣȠȓȐ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋ ǻȎȍ ȕȈȟȐ-
ȕȈȓșȧ ȘȈșșȊȍȚ ǫȌȍ-ȚȖ ȗȍȓȐ ȗȍȚțȝȐ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȧ Ȗ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖȑ
ȎȐȏȕȐ ȉȍȏ ȚȘȍȊȖȋ Ȑ ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȑ
— ǵț Ȉ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ȏȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț — ȖȚȌȖȝȕȍȔ ȗȖșȓȍ
DZșȎȐȎ /9,
ȅdzǾdzǵ DzǾȁDZǼǷ ǰȃǼDz
— ǶȕȐ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȏȔȍȐȕȖȔ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȍ ǪȍȘȍȊȒȈ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ
șȊȐșȈȍȚ ȕȈȌ ȊȝȖȌȖȔ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ
— ǵțȐȟȍȘȚșȕȐȔȐ
ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȖȚȊȍȓ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȜȖȕȈȘȤ
DzțȏȤȔȈ Ȑ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȘțȋȈȓȐșȤ ȖȚ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȖȑ ȏȓȖȉȣ
șȎȐȔȈȧ ȒțȓȈȒȐ

162
— Ǫșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ ȌȈȎȍ ȍșȓȐ ȖȕȐ Ȑ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȈȚ ȊȣȝȖȌ ȟȍȘȍȏ
ȌțȗȓȖ ȚȖ Ȑȝ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȗțșȚȧȚ ȏȔȍȐ ǰȓȐ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȖȗȧȚȤ
ȊȍȘȕțȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȗȍȡȍȘț, ȐȓȐ ȐȏȌȖȝȕțȚȤ ȚȈȔ ș ȋȖȓȖȌț
— ȇ ȚȖȎȍ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȋȕȈȚȤșȧ ȏȈ ȕȐȔȐ ȕȍ șȚȖȐȚ ǯȈȟȍȔ
ȓȐȠȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ȘȐșȒȖȊȈȚȤ"
ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȘțȋȈȓșȧ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ǵȍȌȈȊȕȐȑ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔ
ȉȈȕȌȣ ȖȉȖȏȓȐȓ ȍȋȖ Ȑ Ȗȕ ȌțȔȈȓ șȖȘȊȈȚȤ șȊȖȦ ȏȓȖȉț ȕȈ ǪȈ-
șȦȚȐȕȍ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȍ ȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ
ǶȕȐ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ ȊȋȓțȉȤ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ
— ǵȈ ȊșȧȒȐȑ șȓțȟȈȑ ȕȈȔ ȕțȎȕȖ șȖȍȌȐȕȐȚȤșȧ ș ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ
— șȒȈȏȈȓ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ — ǷȖȏȊȖȕȐ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖ-
ȕț Ȑ ȖȚȌȈȑ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȍ Ȗ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȊșȚȘȍȟȍ Ǵȣ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȕȈ-
ȗȘȈȊȐȔșȧ ȚțȌȈ
— ǨȓȓȖ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ Ȋ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕțȦ ȚȘțȉȒț
— ȈȓȓȖ ǿȍȘȚȐ șȗȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ ȓȐ ȚȈȔ ǵȖ ȚȘțȉȒȈ ȔȖȓȟȈȓȈ
— ǿȚȖ ȉȣ ȥȚȖ ȏȕȈȟȐȓȖ" — ȗȍȘȍȋȓȧȕțȓȐșȤ ȖȕȐ ǰ ȊȌȘțȋ
ȖȌȕȈ Ȑ ȚȈ Ȏȍ ȔȣșȓȤ ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȈ ț Ȋșȍȝ ȚȘȖȐȝ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ
ȗȘȖȊȖȌ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȘȍȏȈȕ
ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȑ ȖșȚȘȖȊ țȎȍ ȖȒȘțȎȍȕ"
ǺȘțșȓȐȊȖȍ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȍ ȊȖȞȈȘȐȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȗȍȡȍȘȍ
— ǵȈȌȖ ȚȖȘȖȗȐȚȤșȧ ȐȕȈȟȍ Ȕȣ ȘȐșȒțȍȔ Ȑ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ Ȋȣ-
ȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚșȦȌȈ — ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ
Ǫșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȖșȊȍȡȈȧ ȗțȚȤ ȜȖȕȈȘȍȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ șȈȔȣȑ
ȖȚȌȈȓȍȕȕȣȑ țȋȖȓ ȗȍȡȍȘȣ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓ ȏȈ ȍȌȊȈ ȏȈȔȍȚ-
ȕȣȑ Ȋ șȚȍȕȍ ȠȕțȘ ǹȍȘȈȧ ȋȓȣȉȈ șȚȍȕȣ ȖȚȖȌȊȐȕțȓȈșȤ ȖȉȕȈ-
ȘțȎȐȊ ȖȚȊȍȘșȚȐȍ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓȖ șȣȘȣȔ ȗȖȌȊȈȓȖȔ
— ǵȈ ȊșȧȒȐȑ șȓțȟȈȑ, ȗȖȓțȟȠȍ ȗȘȐȒȘȖȑ ȊȝȖȌ — șȒȈȏȈȓ
DzțȏȤȔȍ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ — ǪȣȌȍȘȕȐ ȠȕțȘ ǭșȓȐ ȥȚȐ ȔȍȘȏȈȊȞȣ
ȊȍȘȕțȚșȧ Ȋ ȗȍȡȍȘț ȚȖ ȗțșȚȤ-ȒȈ ȖȕȐ ȗȖȓȈȏȧȚ Ȋ ȗȖȐșȒȈȝ Ȋȣ-
ȝȖȌȈ
ǷȘȖȝȖȌ ȗȖȓȈ ȖȗțșȚȐȓșȧ ȊȕȐȏ ȜȖȕȈȘȤ ȖșȊȍȡȈȓ ȔȘȈȟȕȣȍ
șȣȘȣȍ șȊȖȌȣ ȗȖȌ ȕȖȋȈȔȐ ȎțȘȟȈȓȈ ȊȖȌȈ ȒȈȗȓȐ ȊȖȌȣ ȚȈȒȎȍ
ȗȘȖșȈȟȐȊȈȓȐșȤ șȊȍȘȝț ȟȍȘȍȏ ȏȍȔȓȦ ǽȖȌ Ƞȍȓ ȗȖȌ ȖȏȍȘȖȔ
ǴȐȕțȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȖȟțȚȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț
ȖȏȍȘȈ ȕȍȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȖȚ ȚȖȋȖ ȔȍșȚȈ ȋȌȍ ș ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȤ ȟȈșȈ ȕȈȏȈȌ
ȊȣȗȓȣȓȐ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ǪȝȖȌ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȗȖȌ-
ȏȍȔȍȓȤȍ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȔȈșȒȐȘȖȊȈȕ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ ȒȈȔȕȍȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖ
ȊȕȍȠȕȍȔț ȊȐȌț ȕȍ ȊȣȏȣȊȈȓ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȕȐȑ ǿȍȘȍȏ

163
ȥȚȖȚ ȝȖȌ Ȑ țȌȈȓȖșȤ șȒȘȣȚȤșȧ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊț ȒȖȋȌȈ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȍ-
șȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȐ ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȗȖșȓȍ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȈ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ
— ǫȌȍ Țȣ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȗȧȚțȦ ȘȖȚț" — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ DzțȏȤȔȍ
DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ
— ǶȕȈ ȚțȚ Ȋ ȗȖȓȊȍȘșȚȍ Ȋ ǫȕȐȓȖȑ ȉȈȓȒȍ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ Ǵȣ ș ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȔ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȔșȧ Ȓ ȥȚȖȑ ȘȖȚȍ
ȕȈ șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȐȍ ș ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ Ȉ Țȣ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȑșȧ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ
ǺȊȖȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ ȒȈȒ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȈ ȊȖȍȕȒȖȔȈȚȈ ȕȈȔ ȍȡȍ ȗȖȕȈȌȖ-
ȉȐȚșȧ DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȕȣ șȖȍȌȐȕȐȔșȧ ș ȖȚȘȧȌȖȔ ȚȈȒ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ
ȕȈȓȈȌȐȔ ș ȚȖȉȖȦ șȊȧȏȤ
ǸȈșșȊȍȚ țȎȍ ȉȣȓ ȗȖȓȕȣȑ ǹȍȘȣȑ țȚȘȍȕȕȐȑ ȚțȔȈȕ șȚȓȈȓ-
șȧ ȕȈȌ ȖȏȍȘȖȔ ǹ ȊȖșȚȖȒȈ Ȍțȓ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȣȑ ȊȓȈȎȕȣȑ ȊȍȚȍȘ
DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȘȈșȗȘȖȡȈȓȐșȤ ș DzțȏȤȔȖȑ Ȑ
ȚȖȘȖȗȓȐȊȖ șȒȘȣȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȝ ȒțșȚȈȝ
DzțȏȤȔȈ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ
DZșȎȐȎ /9,,
ǰ ǹǼǰȁȆǸdz
— ǺȈȒ ȊȖȚ ȒȚȖ ȗȖȘȚȐȓ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȠȐ ȗȓȈȕȣ — ȚȐȝȖ ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȓ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ǪȈșȦȚȐȕȣȔ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȖȑ
ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȓ Ȑȏ-ȏȈ ȒțșȚȖȊ ȏȈ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȔ ȕȈ ȉȍȘȍȋț ȖȏȍȘȈ
— ǵț ȚȍȗȍȘȤ-ȚȖ ȍȔț ȕȍșȌȖȉȘȖȊȈȚȤ
ǶȕȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖȘȈȎȍȕȣ țȊȐȌȈȊ țȊȖȍȕȒȖȔȈ Ȋ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȍ ȊȘȈ-
ȋȖȊ ǶȕȐ șȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȏȈ ȒțșȚȈȔȐ ȊȍșȤ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȔȍȎȌț ȕȐȔȐ
ȕȖ ȕȈȗȈșȚȤ ȕȈ ȕȐȝ ȕȍ ȘȍȠȈȓȐșȤ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ Ȑȝ ȝȖȘȖȠȍȍ
ȊȖȖȘțȎȍȕȐȍ ǹȈȔȐ Ȏȍ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȓȐ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȒțȓȈȒȖȊ
— ǵȐȟȍȋȖ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ țȑȌțȚ ȖȚ ȕȈș
DzȖȋȌȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ ǫȕȐȓȖȑ
ȉȈȓȒȍ Ȉ DzțȏȤȔȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȊȈȧ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȚȤșȧ
Ȑȏ ǪȖȓȟȤȍȋȖ ȖȊȘȈȋȈ Ȋșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȐ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ ȗȘȧȟȈșȤ
ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ Ȋ ȒțșȚȈȝ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȒȈȒ ȉȖȓȍȍ șȐȓȤȕȣȑ ȏȈȉȍȎȈȓ
DzțȏȤȔȍ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ Ȑ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȚȖȚ ȗȖȘȈȊȕȧȓșȧ ș ȋțșȚȣȔ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐ-

164
ȒȖȔ ȚȍȘȕȖȊȕȐȒȈ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȕȈȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ ǵȈ ȗȖȌ-
ȔȖȋț ȍȔț ȊȣșȒȖȟȐȓȐ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ Ȑ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ
DzțȏȤȔȈ țȊȐȌȍȊ Ȑȝ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȓșȧ țȓȣȉȕțȚȤșȧ Ȑ șȌȍȓȈȚȤ țȌȐȊ-
ȓȍȕȕȖȍ ȓȐȞȖ ȕȖ, ȒȖȋȌȈ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȋȘțȏȕȖ ȕȈșȍȓ ȕȈ ȕȍȋȖ ȚȖ
ȕȈȟȈȓ ȉȍȠȍȕȖ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȧȚȤșȧ ȗȖȕȧȊ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȘȈșȒȘȣȚ
ǹȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȍȏțșȗȍȠȕȖ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț șȊȧȏȈȕ--
ȕȣȑ DzțȏȤȔȈ ș ȏȈȚȒȕțȚȣȔ ȘȚȖȔ Ƞȍȓ ȗȖ ȌȖȘȖȎȒȍ Ȉ șȏȈȌȐ șȎȐ-
ȔȈȧ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȚțșȒȓȖ ȗȖȉȓȍșȒȐȊȈȊȠȐȑ ȕȈȋȈȕ ȠȈȋȈȓ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋ ǷȈȊȓțȠȒȈ ȓȐȒȖȊȈȓ
ǷȖ ȗȘȐȉȣȚȐȐ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒ, ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȌȈȓ Țȍȓȍ-
ȋȘȈȔȔț Ȋ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒ Ȗ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖȑ ȊȣșȣȓȒȍ ȗȖȌȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȧ
Ȍȓȧ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȈȞȐȐ ȉȈȕȌ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ Ȉ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȗȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ
ȖȚȘȧȌ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȧȝ ȊȖ ȋȓȈȊȍ ș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȖȔ Ȑ ǪȈșȦ-
ȚȐȕȣȔ ȚȘȖȕțȓșȧ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ Ǫ ȖȚȘȧȌȍ ǯȈȝȈȘȖȊȈ ȉȣȓ ȚȈȒȎȍ Ȑ ǷȈȊ-
ȓțȠȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ țȋȖȊȖȘȣ șȊȖȐȝ ȕȖȊȣȝ ȗȘȐȧ-
Țȍȓȍȑ Ȑ ȕȈ ȉȖȓȤȠțȦ țșȚȈȓȖșȚȤ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ Ȋșȍ-ȚȈȒȐ ȖȚșȚȈȊȈȚȤ
ȖȚ ȌȘțȋȐȝ
ǶȚȘȧȌ ȒȘțȗȕȖȑ ȘȣșȤȦ ȚȘȖȕțȓșȧ Ȋ ȖȉȢȍȏȌ Ȓ șȚȈȘȖȔț șȚȈ-
ȕȖȊȐȡț ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ ȗȖȒȐȕțȚȖȔț ǩȍȘȋȖȔ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤ-
ȕȖ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȈȓ ȟȚȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ǿȍȘȕȈȊșȒȐȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȗȧ-
ȚȖȑ ȘȖȚȖȑ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖȍȝȈȚȤ ȚțȌȈ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȟȚȖ Țȣ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋ ȌȖȋȈȌȈȓșȧ ȊȖȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȘȍȏȈȚȤ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȖȊȖȌ — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ȓ ǼȈȓȤ-
ȉȍȘȋț
— ǬȈ ȐȕȈȟȍ ȕȈȔ ȉȣ ȍȡȍ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȗȖȊȖȏȐȚȤșȧ ȖȒȖȓȖ
ȗȘȍȎȕȍȋȖ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȡȈ
ǶȚȘȧȌ șȗȍȠȐȓșȧ ȐșȒțșȕȖ șȗȘȧȚȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȒțșȚȈȝ ǹȚȈȕȖ-
ȊȐȡȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȒȘțȎȍȕȖ ȒȖȓȤȞȖȔ ȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȖȍȏȌ ș
ȚȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȖȚȒțȌȈ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȐȉȣȚȤ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ
ǮȌȈȚȤ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ǹȒȖȘȖ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȑ
ȚȖȗȖȚ Ȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȊȢȍȝȈȓȖ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȧȕț
— ǿȚȖ ȏȈ ȌȤȧȊȖȓ ȕȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȚțȌȈ ȗȖȗȈȓȐ — ȗȘȖȋȖ-
ȊȖȘȐȓ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ țȊȐȌȍȊ șȊȖȉȖȌȕțȦ ȗȖȓȧȕț
ǵȖ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊț ȕȍ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȌȖȓȋȖ țȌȐȊȓȧȚȤșȧ ǰȏ Ȓț-
șȚȖȊ ȋȘȧȕțȓ ȏȈȓȗ Ȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȑȏ ȘȖȚȣ DzȖȓȍșȕȐ-
ȒȖȊȈ șȊȈȓȐȓȐșȤ ș șȍȌȍȓ
— ǯȈ ȔȕȖȑ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȗȘȐȠȗȖȘȐȊȈȧ ȓȖ-
ȠȈȌȤ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ ȌȘțȋțȦ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȗȖȓȧȕȣ ǵȖ ȚȈȔ ȍȋȖ

165
ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȓ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȏȈȓȗ ȊȣȉȐȊȠȐȑ ȍȡȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
Ȑȏ șȚȘȖȧ
ǺȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȞȣ șȗȍȠȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȓȐ ȉȍșȗȖȘȧ-
ȌȖȟȕțȦ șȚȘȍȓȤȉț ȗȖ ȒțșȚȈȔ
ǹ ȒȈȎȌȖȑ ȔȐȕțȚȖȑ ȘȧȌȣ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȞȍȊ ȘȍȌȍȓȐ ǵȖ ȕȐ
ȖȌȕȈ ȗțȓȧ ȕȍ ȏȈȌȍȓȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȎȐȊȤȍȔ Ȗ ȟȍȔ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȌȐȓ ȖȚȘȧȌ
DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ ȔȍȚȈȓșȧ ȗȖ ȗȖȓȧȕȍ ȒȈȒ ȏȊȍȘȤ Ȋ ȒȓȍȚȒȍ Ƕȕ
ȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒ ȓȦȌȐ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȘȧȌȍ țȉȣȊȈȓȐ ș ȒȈȎȌȖȑ ȔȐȕțȚȖȑ
ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒȐ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȐșȤ ȕȍțȓȖȊȐȔȣȔȐ ǿȍȘȕȈȊ-
șȒȐȑ ȗȖȌșȚȘȍȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȖȒȖȓȖ șȊȖȍȑ țȉȐȚȖȑ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ Ȑ
șȚȖȕȈȓ ǵȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȘȍȠȈȚȤșȧ
— ǵȈ ȓȖȠȈȌȍȑ — șȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȊȈȓ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ Ƕȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ
ȗȘȖȘȊȈȚȤșȧ Ȑȏ ȖȒȘțȎȍȕȐȧ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ
DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȞȣ ȒȈȒ țȘȈȋȈȕ ȘȐȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ Ȓț-
șȚȣ ǯȈȊȧȏȈȓȈșȤ ȎȈȘȒȈȧ șȝȊȈȚȒȈ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȣ șȔȖȓȒȓȐ ǰȏ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ
ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ șȌȈȊȠȐȝșȧ ȌȖȉȘȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ — Ȗș-
ȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȓȍȎȈȓȐ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȘȈȕȍȕȣȍ ȟȈșȚȤȦ țȉȐȚȣȍ
DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊ, ȓȍȎȈȓ țȉȐȚȣȑ ȕȈȗȖȊȈȓ ȗțȓȍȑ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȗȘȐ-
ȌȈȊȐȊ ȋȘțȏȕȣȔ ȚȍȓȖȔ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȔ Ȑȏ ǯȈȋȖȘșȒȈ ȗȖȌȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȍȔ
ȉȣȓ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȐȘȖȊȈȕ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȗȖȌ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȑ ǩȍȘȋȈ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȐȊ-
ȠȍȋȖșȧ Ȋ ǯȍȓȍȕȖȔ ȓȖȋț ǹ ȥȚȐȔ șȉȖȘȐȡȍȔ ȉȈȕȌȐȚȖȊ șȗȘȈ-
ȊȐȚȤșȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȚȘțȌȕȖ
DZșȎȐȎ /9,,,
ȀǼǾǴdzǿȀǰǼ ǽǮǰǹȁȆǸǶ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȕȍȌȍȓȦ ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȉȈȕȌȣ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȈ ȉȣȓȐ
ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȐȘȖȊȈȕȣ Ȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȍ șȖșȚȖȧȓȖșȤ ȏȈ-
șȍȌȈȕȐȍ ǻȒȖȔȈ ǺțȚ ȉȣȓȐ ȔȕȖȋȐȍ ȊȐȌȕȣȍ ȗȈȘȚȐȑȕȣȍ ȘȈȉȖȚ-

166
ȕȐȒȐ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ țșȐȓȐȧȔȐ Ȑ țȔȍȓȣȔ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌșȚȊȖȔ ȒȖȚȖ-
Șȣȝ Ȑ ȉȣȓȐ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȐȘȖȊȈȕȣ ȒȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊșȒȐȍ ȉȈȕȌȣ
ǶȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ȋȘȖȏȐȊȠȈȧ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒț ȔȐȕȖȊȈȓȈ ǴȕȖȋȖ ȚȘȍ-
ȊȖȎȕȣȝ Ȍȕȍȑ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȖȎȐȚȖ ǴȕȖȋȖ ȘȈȏ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȓȖșȤ ȊșȚȘȍ-
ȟȈȚȤșȧ ȓȐȞȖȔ Ȓ ȓȐȞț șȖ șȔȍȘȚȤȦ Ȑ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ ȕȈ Ȋșȍȝ ȓȐȞȈȝ
ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȖȟȐȚȈȚȤ ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤ ȖȌȍȘȎȈȕȕȖȑ ȗȖȉȍȌȣ
ȅȚȈ Ȏȍ ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤ ȗȖȉȍȌȣ ȋȖȘȌȖșȚȤ ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ
țȟȈșȚȕȐȒȈ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȈ ȕȈ ȓȐȞȍ ǷȈȊȓȈ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊȈ
ǯȈȟȍȔ Ȗȕ ȗȖȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ǻȒȖȔȈ" ǷȘȖȐȏȖȠȓȖ ȥȚȖ
ȖȟȍȕȤ ȗȘȖșȚȖ ǯȈ ȌȍȕȤ ȌȖ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȧ ǻȒȖȔȈ ǷȈȊȓȈ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȓ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
— Ǩ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȏȌȘȈȊșȚȊțȑ DzțȌȈ Țȣ" — țȓȣȉȈȧșȤ șȗȘȖșȐȓ
ȍȋȖ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ
— DzȖȔșȖȔȖȓȤȞȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȌȖȓȍȓȐ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ȋșȍ
țșȚȘȈȐȊȈȦȚ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȧ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȣ ȌȍȓȈȚȤ
Ȗ DzȖȓȍșȕȐȒȖȊȍ Ȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ ș ȕȐȔ Ǩ Ȋșȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȗȘȖșȧȚ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȧ Ȗ șȊȖȐȝ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧȝ ȗȖȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ ǪȖȚ Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș ȐȌț
— ǵț Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓțȠȈȦȚ"
— ǭȡȍ ȒȈȒ Ǵțȝț șȓȣȠȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȓȍȚȐȚ ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȧ
ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȦ Ȗ ȗȍȡȍȘȍ Ȑ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȒȈȒ ȧ ȖȚȚțȌȈ ȊȣȉȘȈȓșȧ
— ǪȖȚ ȟȚȖ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȋ șȍȔȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȌȤ
ȏȈȑȚȐ Ȋ ǻȒȖȔ
— ǯȈȟȍȔ"
— Ǩ ȗȖȔȕȐȠȤ ȧ ȖȉȍȡȈȓșȧ ȗȖșȟȐȚȈȚȤșȧ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȏȈ ȚȖ,
ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ ș ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋȖȔ Ȕȕȍ Ȋ ȗȖȌȏȍȔȕȖȔ ȝȖȌȍ ȉȖȒȈ ȔȧȓȐ" ȇ
Țȍȉȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȏȈȉțȌț ǰ ǼȈȓȤȉȍȘȋț ȚȖȎȍ ǺȈȒ ȊȖȚ —
ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐ
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ țȓȣȉȕțȓșȧ Ȑ ȘȈșȗȘȖȡȈȓșȧ ș ǷȈȊȓȖȔ
ǪȖȚ ȚȈȒȐȔ-ȚȖ ȗțȚȍȔ Ȑ ȗȖȗȈȓ ǷȈȊȍȓ ȕȈ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ǻȒȖȔȈ
ǯȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ Ƕȕ ȌȖȓȋȖ Ȑ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ
Ȗ Ȍȕȧȝ ȋȍȘȖȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ Ȗ Țȍȝ țșȐȓȐȧȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ
ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȐȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȗȈȘȚȐȧ Ȍȓȧ ȓȐȒȊȐȌȈȞȐȐ ȉȍȓȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑșȒȖ-
ȋȖ ȔȧȚȍȎȈ
— ǵȈ Ȍȕȧȝ ȕȈȔȐ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚȐȍ Ȗ ȚȖȔ
ȟȚȖ ȊșȍȔ ȗȖȊșȚȈȕȟȍșȒȐȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍȔ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ǩȈȘȈȕȖȊșȒȈ ȘțȒȖ-
ȊȖȌȐȓȈ ȒȘțȗȕȈȧ ȒȖȕȚȘȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȈȧ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȧ ȕȈȏȣ-
ȊȈȊȠȈȧșȧ ©ǿȍȘȕȣȔ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋȖȔª ȅȚȖȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȞȐȍȑ Șț-
ȒȖȊȖȌȐȓȈ ȋȖȓȖȊȒȈ Ȑȏ ȊȖșȤȔȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȉȣȊȠȐȝ ȌȊȖȘȧȕ ȋȍ-

ȕȍȘȈȓȖȊ Ȑ Ȓȕȧȏȍȑ ǶȕȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȒț Ȋ ǹȊȈȓȐȑșȒȖȔ
ȗȖșȖȓȤșȚȊȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ șȕȈȉȎȈȓȖ Ȑȝ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈȔȐ — ǵȈ ȔȐȕțȚț
ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȖȚ șȐȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ țȔȖȓȒ — ǺȖȊȈȘȐ-
ȡȐ ȥȚȖȚ ©ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋª ȗȖȑȔȈȕ Ȑ ȞȍȗȒȐȍ ȓȈȗȣ ȍȋȖ
ȖȉȘțȉȓȍȕȣ Ƕȕ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȗȣȚȈȚȤșȧ ȌțȠȐȚȤ ȗȘȖ-
ȓȍȚȈȘșȒțȦ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȦ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȔț ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȦ
©ǿȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋȈª ȕȍȒȖȍȔț ȉȣȊȠȍȔț ȗȖȓȒȖȊȕȐȒț ǷȖȓȖ-
ȏȖȊț țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȉȍȎȈȚȤ ȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓȐ ȏȈșȓțȎȍȕ-
ȕȖȍ ȕȈȒȈȏȈȕȐȍ
ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ ȌȈȓȤȠȍ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — șȘȍȌȐ ȕȈș
ȍșȚȤ ȖȌȐȕ ȒȖȔșȖȔȖȓȍȞ — ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ Ȗȕ ȍȡȍ ȔȖȓȖȌ
ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȔ țȟȈșȚȕȐȒȖȔ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ ș ȉȍȓȖȉȈȕȌȐ-
ȚȈȔȐ Ƕȕ ȗȘȖȧȊȓȧȓ ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȖȍ ȋȍȘȖȑșȚȊȖ ȕȈȝȖȌȟȐȊȖșȚȤ
Ȑ ȉȍșșȚȘȈȠȐȍ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȠȓȖ ȌȍȓȖ Ȗ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ ȏȈ șȗȈșȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘ-
șȒȖȑ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ
ǷȈȊȍȓ ȒȘȈșȕȍȓ Ȑ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȒțȌȈ șȍȉȧ ȌȍȚȤ ǬȍșȧȚȒȐ țȓȣ-
ȉȈȦȡȐȝșȧ ȋȓȈȏ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȍȋȖ șȚȖȘȖȕț
— ǷȈȊȍȓ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊ ȉțȌȍȚ ȌȖșȚȖȑȕȣȔ ȟȓȍȕȖȔ ȕȈȠȍȑ
ȗȈȘȚȐȐ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ ǪȈșȦȚȐȕ — ǭșȓȐ ȕȈȠȈ șȔȍȕȈ ȕȈ ȗȧȚȤ-
ȌȍșȧȚ ȗȘȖȞȍȕȚȖȊ ȉțȌȍȚ șȖșȚȖȧȚȤ Ȑȏ ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊȣȝ — ȗȖȉȍȌȈ
ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚȈ ȉțȌȍȚ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȍȕȈ
ǰ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȓțȟȠȍȑ ȕȈȋȘȈȌȖȑ ǷȈȊȓț ǪȖșȚȘȧȒȖȊț

168
Ƕȉ ȈȊȚȖȘȈȝ
Ɇ ɂ Ʌɵɡɥɨɜ
ǴȐȝȈȐȓ ǰȊȈȕȖȊȐȟ dzȣȏȓȖȊ (1888-1943) – țȘȖȎȍȕȍȞ ǪȖȘȖȕȍ-
ȎȈ ș Ȧȕȣȝ ȓȍȚ – ȗȘȖȜȍșșȐȖȕȈȓȤȕȣȑ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȍȘ-ȉȖȓȤȠȍȊȐȒ Ǫ
Ȗȉȡȍȑ șȓȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȗȘȖȊȍȓ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȌȊțȝ ȓȍȚ Ȋ ȚȦȘȤȔȈȝ Ȑ ȚȘȐ ȋȖȌȈ Ȋ
șșȣȓȒȍ ǻȟȈșȚȊȖȊȈȓ Ȋ ǷȍȘȊȖȑ ȔȐȘȖȊȖȑ ȊȖȑȕȍ ǷȖșȓȍ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȐ –
șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒ ǫțȉȒȖȔȈ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ ȎțȘȕȈȓȐșȚ Ǫ -ȝ ȋȋ ȘȍȌȈȒȚȐȘȖȊȈȓ
ȋȈȏ ©ǪȖȘȖȕȍȎșȒȈȧ ȒȖȔȔțȕȈª Ǫ ȒȖȕȞȍ -ȝ ȋȋ ȉȣȓ ȘȍȌȈȒȚȖȘȖȔ
ȘȧȌȈ ȗȘȖȊȐȕȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȈȘȚȐȑȕȣȝ ȋȈȏȍȚ ș  ȋ ȎȐȓ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ
ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓ Ȋ ȖȚȌȍȓȍ ȗȍȟȈȚȐ ǾDz ǻȔȍȘ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ Ȋ ȌȍȒȈȉȘȍ  ȋ
ǴȐȝȈȐȓ ǰȊȈȕȖȊȐȟ DzȈȏȈȘȞȍȊ (1899-1983) – ȎțȘȕȈȓȐșȚ Ȋ ȗȍ-
ȘȐȖȌ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȐȧ ȘȖȔȈȕȈ – șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒ ȋȈȏ ©ǪȖȘȖȕȍȎșȒȈȧ ȒȖȔȔț-
ȕȈª ǹ ȒȖȕȞȈ -ȝ ȋȋ ȎȐȓ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊȍ
____ _
ǸȖȔȈȕ ©ǿȍȘȕȣȑ ȖșȤȔȐȕȖȋª ȉȣȓ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȕȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȕ ȗȖȌ ȐȏȉȘȈȕ-
ȕȣȔ ȈȊȚȖȘȈȔȐ ȗșȍȊȌȖȕȐȔȖȔ-ȈȒȘȖȕȐȔȖȔ ©ǴȐȓ-ǴȐȒª Ȑ ș ȗȖȌȏȈȋ

©ǨȊȈȕȚȦȘȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȘȖȔȈȕ Ȑȏ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȖȑ ȥȗȖȝȐ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ
ȒȘȈȧª
 Ȋ ȈȗȘȍȓȍ- ȐȦȓȍ  ȋ Ȋ ȋȈȏ ©ǪȖȘȖȕȍȎșȒȈȧ ȒȖȔȔțȕȈª Ǫ
 ȋ ȘȖȔȈȕ ș ȗȖȌȏȈȋ ©ǨȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȣȑ ȘȖȔȈȕ Ȑȏ ȥȗȖȝȐ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕș-
ȒȖȑ ȊȖȑȕȣª
 ȉȣȓ ȐȏȌȈȕ ©ǪȖȘȖȕȍȎșȒȖȑ ȒȖȔȔțȕȖȑª Ȋ 10 ȖȚȌȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȝ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȝ ǬȍȓȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȒșȚȈ Ȑ ȏȈȋȓȈȊȐȧ ȍȋȖ ȟȈșȚȍȑ Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȔ Ȑȏ-
ȌȈȕȐȐ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȚ ȌȈȕȕȣȔ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȔ Ǫ ȚȍȒșȚȍ ȐșȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȣ ȕȍ-
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ țșȚȈȘȍȊȠȐȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȖȘȜȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ Ȑ ȗțȕȒȚțȈȞȐȐ Ȑ
ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȣȍ ȖȗȍȟȈȚȒȐ. Ǫ ȖȜȖȘȔȓȍȕȐȐ ȖȉȓȖȎȒȐ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕ ȈȋȐȚ-
ȗȓȈȒȈȚ ȝțȌ Ǭ ǴȖȖȘȈ