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16

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17

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18

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19

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20

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22

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23

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24

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25

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OCHOBHoro .u:orOBopa, H llO.)KeH conep)l(aTb YCJlOIIHJI. n03BoniHOWHe
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ro lloroaopa. B HeM YKa3bl131I CPOK. E\ KOTOphlii CTOPOHbl 0(113)'IOTCII
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H013HO(l J\orOBOp nOJlJ1e)l(('JT 3aK."IIOLJt'H('J1O B TC'leHlJe .-ona C MOMeHTB
JaKJIIO'ICHHR npellBapHTenbHoro 1l0rOllopa
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35

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no 1l0rOBOpy crOPOHbl He MOryT paCTopraTb mTl1 HJMeHJlTb 3aKJI104eH-
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Topble OH Mor 6bI I1blnBIfH)'Tb npOTHfi Kpelll1TOpa Koma TpeTbe nl1Uo
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I H113f101l1le rJ01060ptJ. TO'JHoe HI1313aHHe 1l0r013opa .naeT nOHJlTb,
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36

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cyweCTl1eHHO W1('JIlIOT H3 peanl133ultlO npa13 H 06>133HHOCTeii CTOpoH.
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37

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cnoc06bl, npellycMOlpeHHble 3<lKOHOM llJUillorOIlOpOM.
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38

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39

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40

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OKOH'l8HHJJ CpOKa. ycrnHOBJIeHHoro 3aKOHOM HJlH HHbIMH npaBOBblMI1
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B CJlY48e npH6bITHJI OTBeTa 13 Te4eHHe 31'0ro nepl1011a BpeMeHH norOBop
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OT o4JepeHTa. KOTOpblt1 MO)l(eT ocra13L1Th 6eJ BH('JMaHHJI OnO:t1\aH('Je 01-
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45

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46

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47

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48

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49

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51

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56

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57

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60

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62

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63

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64

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1 CM.:  rpaJIUIIIIICKOe npaBO I nOli PC)!. 0 A. KpacaB'IHKOBa B 2 T T I
M.1985 C.471
65

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66

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67

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70

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71

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6bITb YCTaHOlIJJeHO rpe60BaHHe 0 BHeceHHH .neHe)l(HbiX cpe.ncTB 13 Ka'le-
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paBHoJ:l Mepe pacnpocrpaHReTclI Ha BCex Y'lacTHI1KOB pa3MellleHH.II 3a-
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weCTBJlJleTCII nyrel>! npoBelleHHJI omlq)blmO?O KOHKypca.
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72

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73

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74

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14) KpHTepHH oueHKH 3allllOK Ha )"IacTHe 13 KOHKypce;
15) nopSllloK OueHKI1 H COnOCTaBJIeHHSI 38J!BOK H8 }"I8cTHe B KOHKypce;
16} CpOK co llHII nonnHCaHlJJI npOTOKo.:m oueHKH ('J COnOCTaB..eHHH
3allBOK Ha )"laCTHe 13 KOHKypce, 13 Te<JeHHe KOToporo n06enHTenb KOH-
I<.ypcl.nOJl>KeH nQIJ.nlJCaTb npoen rocy.nBpCTBeHHoro HJlH MYHHU!inanb-
HOro KOHTpaKTa (OH llOJ1>KeH COCTaBJ1J1Tb He }.leHee tJeCRmu tJlleu)
K KOHKYPCHOti nOKYMeHTaUHH nOJl>KeH 6blTb npHnO)l(eH nporn ro-
CYllapcmeHHoro HJI('J MYHlJUHllliJ1bHOro KOHTpflKTa
.lln.ll )"I8CTHII 13 KOHKypce }"1aCTHHK p.DMeweHHII 3aKaJa no.naer 3a.11BK}'
B YKaaBHHblt1 B H3BeWt'H('JH CpoK no 1P0pMe, yCTBHOBJIeHHot1 KOHKypCH011:
LIOK}'MCHTaUHCH (13 nHCbICHHOH 4>oPMC 13 J.anC'laTaHHOM KOHDcpre HJIH 13
l}JopMe 3..eKTPOHHoro lIOKYleHTa. HB KOHBejJTe )'KUbIBaeTCSI HaHMeHOBa-
HHe OTKpblTOro KOHKypca, H8 }I'13CTI1e D KOropOM n0118eTCII ll8HHBII 38J!5Ka,
HO He lk."1IlycKaeTCII YKa3blBaTb HaHMeHOBaHe WSI IOpHllH'leCKoro JlHua)
11J[('j $BMWlHIO, HMI, OT'JeCTBO WI!: $L13H'IeCKoro J]('Jua) Y'JaCTHHKa pa.>-
MeweH1I 3aKa3a)
npH nonY'leHHI1 3aSlBKH Ha Y<JOCTHe 13 KOHKypce. n01l8HHoti 13 1P0p-
Me ::IJleI<;TpOHHoro .nOKYMeHTa. J.aKa3'1HK, ynoJlHOMO'leHHb]H opraH 0611-
3aHb] nOllTBepllHTb 13 nHcbMeHHo 1P0pMe HJI 13 1}J0pMe ::IneKTpOHHoro
lIOKYMeHTa  nonY'leHHe B Te'leH('Je onHoro pa60'lero llHJI co llHJI no-
J]}I'1eH1I TaKoH 3aJlBKH Y'IOCTHHK pa3MeweHHII 3aK<t3a BnpaDe nonaTb
TOi1bKO onHY 33.118KY Ha y'l8CTHe B KOHKypce B OTHoweHHH Ka)KJ],()rO
npel1Mera KOHKypca (.1IOTa).
75

npHe 3allBOK Ha YltaCTHe 13 KOHKypce npeKPawaeTCII B .neHb
IICKpbITHH KOHBeprOB C TBKHMH 3f1HBKaH ('J OTKpblTHII .u:OC1yna K no-
.uaHHb]M 13 $OpMe 3neKTpOHHbiX nOKYMeHTOB 3allBKaM Ha }"IaCTHe 13
KOHKypce
KOHKYPCHaIl KOMHCCHII paCCMaTpHBaeT 38HBKH Ha Y'l8CTHe B KOH-
Kypce Ha COOTBeTCTBHe rpe60BaHI1HM. YCTaHOBJIeHHblM KOHKYPCHOH
1l0KYMeHTaUHefi, 1'1 cwroeTCTI\Ife Y4aCTHHK013 pa3MeweHHH 33.Ka38 YCTa-
HOBJIeHHblM T]Je60BaHHIIM. CpOK paCCMOTpeHHJI 3aJlDOK He 'MJ3ICe11/ npe-
6b1UlUmb rJeCRmu rJ/leu co nHH BCKpblTHH KOHBepTOB C 38HIJKaMI'I Ha y4a-
CTHe 13 KOHKypce lJ OTKpblTHH 1l0cryn8 K nOllaHHblM 13 $opMe 3J1eKTpOH-
HblX 1l0K)'MCHTOB 3aHflKaM H8 }"IaCTl1e 13 KOHKypce
Ha OCHOBaHHH pe3YJlbTaTOB paccMOl'peHHH 3a.llBOK Ha }"IaCTHe 13
KOHKypce KOHKYPCHOti KOMHccHeti npHHI'IMaeTCII peUleHHe 0 nonYCKe K
Y4acnuo 13 KOHKypce y<mCTHlJKa paJMellleHHII 3aKaJa H 0 npl13H8HHH
ero }"IaCTHI'IKOM KOH-ypca "JIH 06 OTKa3e 13 nonYCKe TaKoro }"IaCTHHKa
K}"IaCTHIO13 KOHKypce.
floiieiJum£':/f!M KO/llcYpca npH3HaeTCH YltacTHI1K KOHKypca. KOTOpblti
npeJlJ[O)l(H)] JlY'lllllJe yCJ1013I1H HCnO)]HeH('J1I KOHl'paKTa ('J 33.1113Ke Ha Y4a-
CTl1e 13 KOH KOTOpOro nplfC80eH nep8blii HOMep
3aKa3'lHK 6 me'fellue mpex rJlleu co nHII nOllnHCaHHJI npOTOKOJla ne-
penaeT n06enHTeJllO KOHKypca onHH 3KJeMnJlJlp npOTOKOJla H npoeKT
KOH1]JaKTa. KorClpblfi COCTBBJIJleTCH nyreM BKlIIO'IeHHH YCJ108HH ('JcnoJl-
HeHHJI KOHTpaKTa, npellJlO>KeHHb]X no6eWITe1leM KOHKypca 13 3allBKe H8
)"laCTHe 13 KOHKypce. B npoeKT KOHTpaKTa. npHJlaraeMblH K KOHKYPCHO"
.nOKyeHTaUI'IH
ECJlH n06enHTenb KOHKypca 13 CPOK, npe.nycnorpeHHblii KOHKYpC-
Hoii 1I0KYMeHTaUHeti, He npellCTa13I1J1 3aKaJ4HKY nOlllTHCaHHblH KOH-
TpaKT, a TalCKe 06eCne'leHHe I1Cn011HeHHJI KOHTpaKTa 13 TOM CJlY4ae.
eCJlH 3aKaJlIHKOM 6blJlO YCTaHOBJIeHO T]Je60BBHlJe 06eCnelleHHt] HCnOJl-
HeHlJJI KOHTpaKTB. n06e.r!lnenb KOHKypca npH3HaeTCJI YKJIOHlJBllIlJMCII
OT 3aKJIIO'leHI1SI rocynapcTfleHHoro HJlIf MYHI1U11ll3J1bHoro KOHTpaKTa
ECJlH no6e.nmenb KOHKy)X:.J npH3HaH YKJlOHHBUlHMC.II OT 3aKJIIO'le-
HH.II rocynapCTlleHHOfO WIH MyHHUHnaJ1bHoro KOHl'paKTa. 3aKa3'IHK
13npaBe 06pTl1lTbCH B CYll C HCKOM 0 T]Je60BaHlJH 0 nOHYJK.!\eH('J('J n06e-
11I1TCnJl KOH"ypca 3aKlII04HTb KOHTpaKT. a TalCKt 0 B03MCllICHHH y6bIT-
KOB, npH'lHHeHHbIX YKilOHeHHeM OT 3aKJIlO4eHHH KOHTpaKTa. JlH60 3a-
KilIO'II1Tb rocynapCTBeHHblti WIH MYHHUl'Ill3J1bHblti KOHTpaKT C yltacTHH-
KOM KOHKypca. 3aSlBKe Ha y<mCTHe B KOHKypce KOTOpOro npHCBoeH BTO-
pOH HO\tep. flpH 3TOM 3aKil104eHHe rocynapcTBeHHoro WIlJ MYHHUH-
naJ1bHOrO KOHTpaKTa DJlJI Y4acTHHKa KOHKypca. 3aIlBKe Ha }"lacTHe B
KOHKypce KOToporo npHCBoeH BTopOH HOMep. JlBJlReTCII 06113:neJIbHbIM.
B TOM CJ1Y4ae, ecn('J JaKB3'lHK OTKaJaJICII OT JaKJIIO'leHHJI KompaKTa C
n06elll1TeJle KOHKypca H C ylt8CTHHKOM KOHKypca, JallBKe H8 Y48CTHe 13
KOHKypce KOTopOro npl'lCBOeH BTOPO" HOMCp. KOHKYpC npH3HaCTCII He-
COL"TOHBWHMCJI.
76

2. ue 3aKa3a nymeM nposeiJenuB lI}"I(UOffl'l. flOllll}"I(UOIIO.H
H8 npa130 3aKJIIO'lHTb rOCYll.JpCTBeHHblii HJlH MYHI1UHruL'JbHbIH KOHTpaKT
nOHHMalOTCJI TOprlJ, n06eJUITeQeM KOTOpblX npH3HaeTCII JlHUO. npellJlo-
>KHBWee HaH60J1ee HH3KYIO ueHY rocynapcTBeHHoro HJlH MYHHUHnaJ1b-
HOro KOHTpaKTa.
AYKUHOH MO)l(eT 6b1Tb omKpblmNM HJlH 3IJKphlmNM. 3aKa3'lHK 13npaBe
paJMewaTb JaK33 nyreM npOBe)J.eHI1SI JaKPblToro aYKU,I10Ha HCI(}lIO'IH-
TeJlbHO 13 CJ1)"lae paJMeweHHSI 3aKa3a Ha nOCTaBKY TOBapOB. BblnonHe-
HHe pa6OT. OKaJaH('Je yCJlyr. ceeneHlU1 0 KOTOpblX COCTaBJISIIOT rocy.nap-
CTBeHHYIO T3HHY OTKpbITb!ii aYKUlJOH },!O)l(eT np0130lll'1TbCH B 3J1eK-
TpOHHOt1 1}J0pMC Ha caUTe 13 CeTl1 (1HrepHcT
3aK:l3'lHKOM MO;KeT 6b1Tb YCTaHOBJIeHO Tpe60BaHHe 0 DHeceHHH ne-
He)l(HblX cpellCTB B K:I'IeCTBe oGecnelleHHJI JallllKH H3 Y'laCTHe 13 aYK-
UHOHe, 06eCne'leHHII Y'l8CTI1SI II OTKpbITOM ayKUHOHe II 3J1eKTpOHHOH
1}J0p",e npl1 :lTO}'! pfl3Mep 06CCnC'leHHJI JaJlBKH Ha Y'I8CTHe 13 aYKUHOHe
1l011>KeH COCTaDnJlTb 5 Ha'la.1bHoti ueHbI KOHl]JaKTa npH npOBeneHHH
aYKUHOHa 13 3neKl]JOHHoi1 l}JopMe Tpe60BaHHe oGeCneqeHHSI 3a!lBKH Ha
Y'l8CTHe B aYKUI10He He yCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH.
3l1eweHl1e 0 npOBelleHHH OTKPb1Toro aYKUHOHa pa3MeW3eTCJI 33.-
K:l3'IHKOM Ha ($HUHanbHOM came He MeHee 'tel1 3a 20 iJlleu no naTbl OKOH-
'1aHHII nOilll'lH JallBOK H3 )"IaCTHe 13 aYKUHOHe. B H3BeweHHH 0 npOBelle-
HHH OTKpblTOro ayKL\HOHfI llOJI)I(Hhl 6blTb YKaJaHb! CJleJJ.yIOWHe CBeneHHW
I) CpOK, MeCTO H nOpJlllOK npellCT3W1eHHJI 1l0Ky",eHTauHH 06 aYK-
UHOHe. OijJHUHa.1bHblH caHT. Ha KOTOpOM pa3MerueHa 1l0Ky",eHTauHJI oti
aYKUHOHe. paJMep. nopSlllOK H CpOKH BHeceHHSI nJlaTb], B3HMaeMOH 3a-
K33'lHKOM. ynoJlHOMO'leHHbI}'! opraHOM 3a npencraBneHiJe .u:OKYMeHTa-
UHH 06 aYKL\HOHe. eCJI('J TaK311 nJlaTa YCTflHOIL1eHa;
2) BenH'lI1Ha nOHH;KeHHJI Ha'laJ1bHOH lIeHbl KOHl]JaKTa (<<mar aYK-
UHoHa..);
3) MecTo, nopJlllOK, .u:aTb! Ha'lana H OKOH'IaH('JH nona'l('J 3allBOK Ha
)"IacTHe 13 aYKUHOHe-
4) MeCTO, .neHb H DpeMJI Ha'laJ1a paccMoT]JeHH.II 3a..11BOK Ha y'laCTHe B
aYKUHoHe.
5) MecTo, nOpHllOK, .uaTa H epeMJI npOl!eneHiJJI ayKUHoHa;
6) p33MCp 06CCnC'leHHJI 3aJlBKI1 Ha Y'I8CTHe 13 ayKuHoHe, CpOK H
noplllloK BHeCeHHJI lleHe;KHblX cpellcTB B K3'leCTI!e 06eCne'leHHJI TaKOU
3aIlIlKH. peKBH3HTb] c'Iera DJlJI nepe'lHCJ1eHH.II YKa3aHHbix .neHe>KHbIX
cpelICTB B CJIY'l8e YCTaHOBJIeHHII 3aKa3'1HKOM Tpe60eaHHJI 06eCne'leH('JSI
JaH13KH Ha Y'lacTHe B aYKUHOHe,
7) pa3tep 06eCne'leHHJI HCnOJlHeHHJI rocy.uapcTBeHHoro HJlH MYHH-
UHnaJIbHOrO KOHT]JaKT:I. cpOK H nOp.llilOK ero npeilCTallJJeHHJI 13 cJI)"lae.
eCJlH JaKaJ'IHKOM yCTaHOBJ1eHO Tpe60BaH('Je 06eCne'leHHII HCnOJ1HeH('JH
KOtnpm.T8. P83Mep 06ecne'leHI1J1 HcnOnHeHI1J1 KOHTp3KT3 lie NO.)Ire'"
npe6blUlamb JOCO Ha'l(MbHOU ljeHbl IWHmpaKmo. YKaJaHHoH 13 H3DeweHHH
o npoBe.neHHH OTlcpblTOro aYKUHoHa.
77

3aKa3'JHK IInpfille O£K.ndTbCJI Of npOlleneHHH aYKQHOHa Hf' no ,{f'M
30 iJeCJlmb olleu no .naTbJ OKOHl;/aHHJI nOnal;/H 3allBOK Ha }"laCTHe 13 HeM.
110KYMeHTauI1SI 06 aYKlWIOHe pa3pa6aTbillBeTCII H Yf(lep:KllCJI 3a-
Ka3'tI1KOM. OHa .nOJI>KHa conep)KaTb cnellYlOWHe CBelleHI1.11:
I) Tpe60IJaHI1SI K COllep)l(HHHIO, COCTaBy 11 $opMe 3a1l8K:H Ha Y'JaCTHe
13 aYKUI10He, II TOM '1HCJ1e 33.IIIIKH. nonfillaeMoil II 1P0pMe 3JIeK1]JOHHoro
llOKYMeIHa. 11 HHCTjJ}fKUHIO no ee 3anonHeHHIO;
2) nopllllOK. MeCTo. llaTbl H8'1ana H OKOH'/3HI1J1 nOna'lH 3all130K Ha
}"laCTHe II aYKUlfoHe:
3) noplllloK H CpOK OT3blB3 3311BOK Ha Y'J8CTl1e II aYKUHOHe;
4) 1}J0PMbI. noplillOK, naTbI HfI'Iana H OKOHl;/aHHSI npellOCTallJJeHHII
Y'laCTHI1KaM pa3MeWeHI1S1 3aKa3a pa3'bJ1CHeHHH nOnO)KeHHH lloKYMeHTa-
UI1I1 06 aYKuHoHe.
5) B0310)KHOCTb 3neKTpoHHOH 1}J0pMbi }"I8CTHJI II aYKUlfoHe;
6) CPOK. 13 Te'leHHe KOToporo no6elll1TeJlb 8YKlWIOH8 1l011>KeH nOllnH-
caTb npoeKT rocY1l8pCTBeHHoro HJlH MYHHUHnaJ1bHOrO KOH1]JaKTfI. YKa-
3aHHbltJ CPOK 1l0JI)KeH COCTallJJJlTb He /IIeHee YeM oeCRmb OHeu co llHJI
nOnnHC:lHHJI npOTOKona aYKUHOHa
K 1I0KYMeHTauHH 06 aYKUHoHe 1l0Jl>KeH 6blTb npl1J10)l(eH npoeKT ro-
CYllapCT13eHHo.-o HJI('J MYH('Jl.[l1llMbHOrO KOH1]JflKTa.
AYKuHoHHall KOMHCCHJI paCCl>laTpHllaeT 3allDKH Ha }"18CTl1e 13 ayK-
UI10He Hif COOTBeTCTBHe Tpe6oBaHHJlM, YCTflHOBJIeHHbIM 1l0KYMeHTaUl1ej{
06 aYKUHoHe. H COOTBeTCTBl1e Y'JflCTHHKOB pa.J\leweHHJI JflKa3a Tpe60-
BaHI1SIM, YCTaH01!JleHHbiM $eaepanbHblM 3aKOHOM CpOK paccMOTpeHl111
3a.llBOK Ha Y'J8CTHe B aYKUHoHe lie m).Jfc.em npesbluwmb nRmli oHeu co
llHJI OKOH'laHI1J1 nOll8'1H 3allilOK Ha }"1aCTl1e 13 aYKUHOHe
B ifYKUI10He Moryr Y'J3CTBOI3fITb TO;:JhKO Y'JflCTHHKH p33MemeHHII 3a-
Ka3a, npH3HaHHble Y'lacTHHKa).1H aYKUI10Ha. 3aKa3'tHK 06113aH 05ecne-
'1HTb Y'JacTHHK:aM ayKUI10HII B03J\IWKHOCTb npHHJlTb HenocpenCTlleHHoe
HJlH 'lepe3 CBOHX npellCTaBHTeJleH Y'JaCTHe 13 aYKUHoHe.
AYKUHOH npoBOllHTCII nyreM CHH>KCHHJI Ha'laJ1bHOM UCHbl KOHTpaKTa,
YK3Ji1.HHOii: B IUlJeweHl111 0 npooeneHHH OTKpbJTOrO aYKlll10Ha, Ha «UI8r
a)'KuHOHfI» «War aYKuHOHfI» YCTaHaBJIHDaCII 8 pmlfepe 5% HG'IOAbHOU
eH'" KOHmpaKma. YKaaaHHoj{ II H3BemeH('JH 0 npOBelleHH('J ByKllIJOHa.
B CJ1Y'Jae eCJIH nOCJ1e rpoet<paTHoro o5l.IIBJ1eHHII nOCJIenHero npe1lJlO)Ke-
HI1SI 0 ueHe K:OH1]J3KTa HI1 Onl1H ('J3 Y'JacTH(JK:OB 8YKUHOHa He 3[1111111]1 0
CBoeM HaMepeHHH npellJlO)KHTb 60J1ee HH3KYIO ueHY KOH1]JaKT:I. aYKUHO-
HHCT enpaae CHI13HTb «war 8YKUHQH8» HII 0,5% Ha'lIWbHoti ueHbl KOH-
rpaKTa, HO He HH>Ke 0,5% Ha'JaJ1bHOJ:l ueHbl KOHTjJaKTa fl06elll1TeJleM
a)'KuHoHa npII3I-IaeTCJI JlHl.[O, npell!lO)l(HBWee HaHGonee HH3K)'1O ueHY
KOHTpUITa.
npOTOKOJI ayKUHoHa pa3MewaeTcII Ha ($HUHaJ1bHOM caHTe H ony6-
JlHK013bIBaerCII 13 OijJ('JU(\fIJ]bHOM ne'laTHOM ('J3.!laHI1I1 JaK83'JHKOM COOf-
78

13eTCTBeHHO 6 meeHUe OtJHOO tJHH U 6 me'leHUe nRmli tJHeU CO Villi eo
noiJnucOHlifl.
ECJlH 6b1JIO YCTaHOBneHO Tpe60BaH(']e 06ecne'leHI1J1 J3HBKH Ha )"Ja-
CTHe B aYKUHOHe. 3tK.1.3'1HK B me'leHUf' nRmu VHeu CO .u:HII nonnHcaH(']H
npOTOKona aYKUI.JOHa 06113aH BOJl3paTHTb BHeCeHHb]e 13 KalleCTBe 06ec-
ne'lCHHJI 3allBKIJ Ha )"J8CTHC 13 aYKUHOHe llCHC>KHb]e CpellCTBa }f'l8CTHH-
K3M aYKUHOHa. KOTopblC Y'18CTBOBaJ111 13 aYKl.IHOHC, HO HC CTanH no6e-
.nHTe.llHMH. 3a HCKJlIO'IeHI1CM Y'IaCTl-IHKfI, KOTopbI ClleJlaJ1 npennOC.IIe1l-
HCC npeDJIO)l{eHHC 0 l.IeHe KOHTpaKTa lleHe)l(Hble cpenCTBa, BHeceHHble
13 Ka'leCTBe 06ecne'lCHHJI JallflKH Ha Y'IaCHIC B aYKUl10HC )"JaCTHI1KOM,
KOTOpblti Q\t'JlaJI npennOCJle1lHee npen.nO)l(eHl1e 0 ueHe "OHIp'IKTa, 1103-
BpaW8IOTCII eMY 6 R£'feHue nRmli VHeu CO .nHJI nOllJlHCaHI1J1 rocy.napCT-
BeHHOrO I1JIH MYHHl.IHnanbHOro KOHTpaKTa C nofJeIDrreQeM aYKl.IHOHa
HJlH C TaKHM )"JaCTHHKO\t aYKUHOHa.
ECJlH 13 aYKlIHOHC Y'I8CT130B8J1 Olll'1H Y'IaCTHHK, 33.KaJ'lHK B Te'leHHe
Tpex nHe CO 11H.II nonnHCaHHJI npOTOKOJIa 06113aH nepellaTb ellHHCT-
BeHHOMy )"J8CTHHKY ayKUHOHa npHJlaraeMbIH K 1l0KYMeHTauHH 06 aYK-
UHOHC npoeKT KOHTpaKTa. flpH 3TOM rOCY1l3pcTBeHHblH I1J1H MYHHl.IH-
naJIbHblt1 KOHTpflKT 3aKJIIO'JaeTCR Ha YCJIOB(']IIX. npclIycMOTPCHHbIX 110-
KYMeHTaUHe 06 aYKUHoHe. no Ha'lWlbHO ueHe KOH1]JaKTa, YKa3aHHo II
H3DcureHHH 0 npOflCnCHI1H OTKj)blToro aYKUHoHa EnHHCTBCHHblt1 Y'laCT-
HHK aYKLlHOHa He 13npaBe OTKa3aTbCII OT 3aKJIIO'ICHHJI rocy.u:3pCTlIeHHoro
HJlH MYHHUI1naJIbHOrO KOH1]JaKT3. lleHe)!(Hble CpellCTlI3, BHeceHHble B
KalleCTBe 06ecnelleHHJI 33J1BKH Ha Y'l8CTHe 13 aYKUI.JOHe. BOJBpaW8IOTCR
TaKoMy )"JaCTHHK)' 6 me'/eHiJe nJ/mli iJlleii CO lIHII 3aKllIO'IeHHJI C HHM rocy-
113pcTBeHHOro WIH MYHHUHnaJIbHoro KOHTpaKT3. B CJ1Y'18e YKIIOHeHI1H
ero OT itlUllO'IeHI1J1 KOHTpflKTa lleHt')!(Hble cpencrll3. 13HcceHHblC II Ka'le-
CTBe 06ecnelleHHII 3allBKH HfI }"JaCTHe 13 aYKWlOHe. He BOJBpawaIOTCII.
ECJ111 no6emrreQb aYKUHOHa npH3HaH yKJIOHHBWHMCII OT 3f1KJ1IO'IC-
HHH rocy.u:3pCTBeHHoro HJlH MYHHUHnaJIbHoro KOH1]JaKTa, 3aKaJ'IHK
BnpaBC o6p-ITlfTbCII B CY11 C rpe60BaHI1eM 0 nOHY)l(]leHHH no6e.nllTeJIJI
3aKJIIO'IHTb KOH1]JaKT. a TaK>KC 0 BOJMelUeHHH y6bITKOB, npH'lHHeHHbIX
)'K!IOHCHI1CM OT 33KJ1IO'ICHHJI KOHTpaKT3. JlI160 JaKJIIO'JI1Tb rocY1l3pcT-
BeHHhlH HJlH MYHHUHllli11bHblii KOH1]JaKT C TeM Y'l8CTHI1KOM ayKUI1oHa.
KOTOpbl c.nCJIaJ1 npCllnOCJle.nHee npellJlOJKeHl1e 0 ueHe KOHTpaKTa. flpl1
3TOM 3aKJIIO'IeHHC rocy.uapCTBCHHoro I1nH MYHHUHnaJIbHOrO KOHTpflKTa
llJIJI Y'J8CTHHK3 aYKUHOHa, KOTOpblti c.u:enaJ1 npennocnenHee npeDJIO)l{e-
HHe 0 ueHe KOH1]JaKTa. HW1J1eTCII 06fIJareJlbHblM. B CJlY'l8C YKJIoHeHHII
n06ellHTeJIJI J.YKUIIOHa HJlH Y'JacTHHKa aYKUI10Ha, C KOTOpb]M 33KJ1IO'la-
eTClI KOH1]JaKT 13 cn)"lae YKJIoHeHHH n06ellHTeJlJl aYKuHoHa OT 3f1KJ1lO'IC-
HHH KOH1]J3KT3, llCHe)l(Hhle cpe!tcTBa, BHeceHHble I1MH B KB'IeCTBe 06cc-
ne'leHHII 3allBKH Ha Y'18CTl1e B aYKUHOHe, He flOJBpamfilOTCfI.
rOCY11apCTBeHHbl I1nl1 MYHHUl1naJIbHbI KOHTpaKT 3aKJIIO'laeTCJI Ha
YCJ10[lHJlX. YKaJ3HHblX B H3BCWCHI1H 0 npOBCllCHHH OTKpblTOrO aYKUI.JO-
79

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]]eM aYKLlHoHa. JlH60 13 cnY'lBe 3aKJIIO'leHI1J1 rocy.uapcTBeHHoro HJlH MY-
HHUl'lnaJ1bHOrO KOHl'patcra C Y'laCTHHKOM aYKUHoHa. KOTOpbl ClleJIaJ1
npcJlnOCnCJlHCe npeJUlO)KeHl1e 0 ueHC KOHl'paKTa, no L1eHC, npCJUlO)l(eH-
Hoii TaKI1M Y'18CTHI1KOM
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.no AaTb! npOBeneHI1$1 aYKLlI10Ha.
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t]JopMe YK83b!BaIOTCII C8i1T B ceTH J1HTepH". H8 KOTOPOM 6YlleT npOBO-
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npH npOBeneHl111 OTKpblToro 8YKLlHOHB B 3J1eKTpOHHoi1 $opMe He pa3-
pa6aTbiBaerC}[
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-rpOHHOi1 t]JopMe Ha caHTe B ceTH J1HTepHeT. OCY!lleCTBI1JUTCJI 6e3 133H-
MaHHJI nJlaTb]
nOpllllOK nOJlb30aaHHJI C8iiTaMH B ceTH J.1HTepHeT, H8 KOTOpblX
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1}J0pMe, H Tpe60flaHHJI K nXHOJlOrH'IeCKI1M, nporpaMMHb]M, ]]HHrBHCTH-
'-IeCKH:\!. npaBOBblM H OpraHH.JaUHOHHbIM CpellCTBaM 06ecne'leHH$I
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TpOHHOii t]JopMe, pallHbI 1l0Cl)'n Y'laCTHI1KOB pa3Mew.eHHII J.lKaJd. K
)"IaCTHIO 13 aYKUHOHe.
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Ha cai1re B ceTH (1HTepHeT 13 nopllllKe. YKa3aHHOM B H3BeweHI1I1 0 npo-
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J1HTepHeT llOJI>KHbl 6blTb YKa3aHbI.
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2) Ha'laJ1bH85I ueHa KOHTpaKTa,
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4) B pe)l(l1:\!e pCaJ1bHOrO Bpe).tcHI1 nocncnHee 11 npeJlITOCnenHce
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80

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AYKUHOH C'llITaeTCII OKOH'leHHbIM. eCJ1H 13 Te'leHlJe OliHoro 'lOC8 C
MOMeHTa pa3MeweHHII Ha canTe B ceTH It\HTepHeT nocnenHero npeIlJlo-
>KeHI1J1 0 ueHe KOHTpaKTa He nocrynl1J10 HlJ OLIHoro npell!lO)l(eHmr. npe-
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npellJlO)l(eHI:IJIX YKaJBHa onHHaKOBall HaH60JIee HH3Kall ueHa KOHTpaKTa.
n06enHTJle),t npl13HaeTCII Y'J8CTHHK aYKLlHOHa, npell!lO)l(eHHe 0 LleHe
KOHTpaKTa KOToporo nocTynlJnO paHee npyml( npellJlO)l(eHHH It\H4'Op-
M8UI1J1 06 OKOH'JaHI1H aYKUHOHa .u:OJl)l(Ha pa3MewaTbcII Ha TaI<O'" caiiTe
HeMellJleHHO.
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Moro Ha cat1Tc B ceTI1 It\HTCpHeT B 3.11eKrpoHHot1 4'opMe. Ha yKa.JaHHOM
caliTe pa3,,'ewaIOTCII peweHife 0 npH3HaHHI1 }"IaCTHHKa aYKUHOHB no5e-
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nOCJIeliHeM npeIIJIO)l(eHHIIX 0 L1eHe KOHTpaI<T8. HaHMeHOB8HHe (MS! IOpH-
lWI'leCKOro JllJua). l}JaM(lJIl1SI, (,]MJI. OT'leCTBO (ro1Jl 4'H3H'JecKoro JlHua)
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KOTOpblH ClleJlaJ1 npellnOCJIenHee npellJlO)l(eHIte 0 L1eHe KOHTpaKTa.
J'tK.I3"llJK B Te'JeHHe rpex .u:Hei1 co llHH nQ)J,[mC8HHJI npOTOKOJl8 nepe-
naeT no5ellHTeJllO aYKLlHOHa Onl1H 3KJeMlliIllp npOTOKOJIa H npoeKT KOH-
TpaK:Ta, KOTOpbIii COCTBBJlJleTCJI nyreM BKJlIO'JeHlJJI ueHbl KOHTpaKT8.
npeIIJIO)l(eHHOn no6enHreneM aYKUHOHa, 13 npoeKT KOHrpaKTII. npHJl8rae-
MOro I< 1l0KYMeHTaUl111 06 aYI<UHOHe EcnH no6ew:rreJ!b aYI<UHOHa 13 CpOI<.
YKaJaHHblii 13 H3BemeH(']lJ 0 np013eneHlJ(,] OTKpblTOro aYKUHOH8. He npen-
CTaBl1n 3aKBJ'IHKY nOLlnHCBHHb]H KOHrpaKT. a TalOKe 06ecne'leHHe HC-
nOJlHeHHJI KOHTpBI<Ta, Korlla 3aKa3'JHKOM. ynonHO"tQ'leHHblM opraHOM
6bUlO YCTaHOBJIeHO rpe60BaHHe o5ecne'leHI:IJI lJCnOJlHeHHII KOHTpaKT8.
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6eluneJlb ayKlU'IOHa npH3HaH )'KJIOHHBWI1"'CII OT 3BKJlIO'JeHHII rocy.uaPCT-
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)"JacTHHKOM aYKUHoHa, ClleJlaBWHM npeJ1JlO)l(eHHe 0 ueHe KOHTpBKTII.
paJIHOH ueHe. npellJlO)l(eHHOM n06elll1TeneM aYKUHOHa:
3) 06"bfl13(,]Tb 0 npOBeneHHH nOBTopHoro aYKLlHOHa.
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81

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KOHTpaKTa.
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O.nHH )"laCTHHK aYKUHOHa HJlH ecnH 13 Te'leHHe OllHOro 'laca C MOMeHTa
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npom:neHHH nOBTOpHOro 8YKlUJOHa I1]IH pa3MeweH(JH 33.1<83a nyreM 33.npo-
ca KOTIflXlIJOK. eCJm ueHa KOHTpaKTa He n 250mblC pyfi.
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BelleHHI1 3anpoca KOTltpOBOK 11 n06elll1reneM 13 npOBelleHHH 3anpoca
KOTltpOI3OK npl13HaeTCII Y4aCTHHK pa3MeweHHSI 33.Ka3a. npeLl)!o)KHIJIUHH
Ha(J60JIee HH3KYIO L[eHY KOHTpaKTa
HK BnpaBe ocyweCTBI1J1Tb p83Mell.[eHHe J.aKa3a nyreM 3anpoca
KOTltpOBOK ueH TOBapoB. pa60T, YCJIyr. COOTDeTCl1IeHHO npoH3BoncTBo.
BbIlT011HeHHe. OKa3aHHe KOTOpblX 0CYIUCCTBJlJlIOTCII He no KOHKPCTHb!M
3allBKaM 3aKa34HKa ('] AMI KOTOpblX eCTb I)JyHKUL10HHPyIOW(']M PbIHOK.
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flblUluem 250 mblC. pya. JIH60 aYKUl'IOH npH.JHitH HeCOCTO.llBWHMCH ('] Ha-
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npe6blwaem 250 mblc pya.
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MeweHHe JaKa3a H8 nOCTaRKY OllHO(']MeHHblX TOllapoll. BblnonHeHHe
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B CJlY48e ItapyweHHII YK83aHHoro Bblwe nOJlO)l(eHHJI rOCYllapCTlleH-
Hb]H Hnl1 MyHI1UHnaJ1bHbltl KOHTpaKT MO)KeT 6blTb npH3HaH cynoM He-
.neiiCTBHTeJlbHblM Ha OCH013aHHH HCKa laHHTepeCOBaHHoro JIHlUI HJlH
ynonHoM04eHHbiX Ha OCYlUeCTBJleHHe KOHTpOJ[}] B cq.,epe pa3Mell1eHH.II
JaKa30fl l}JellepanbHoro opraHa HCnOnHI1TCJIbHOH lIJJaCTlJ. opraHa I1C-
nOJlH(']TeJlbHot1 BJIaCTH cy6"beKTa POCCHt1CKOt1 cJ>l:.1IepaUHH. opraHa MeCT-
Horo ca"toynpaBJICHHJI
3anpoc KOTIJP01l0K D.011>KeH COnepJKaTb cn<:.aYIOWL1e ClleneHHII.
I) HaHMeHOBaHHe 3aKaJIJ.HKa. ero nO'ITOBblt1 alIpec. anpec 3neK-
TpOHHoi1n04Tbl 3aK834HKa (npH ero H8J1H'l(JI1);
2) HCTO'IHHK $HHaHCl1pOBaHHII 3aKaJa;
3) lJJopMa KOTltpOB04H0i1 3aIlBKH. (I TOM '1HCJle nOll8BaeMoi1 (I 1}J0p-
Me 3J1eKTpoHHOro 1l0KYMeHTa;
82

4) HaI1},teHOBaHHe. xapaKTepHCTIiKH H KOJlH'leCTBO nOCTIlBJIleMblX TO-
DapOB, H8HMeHOBaHIte 11 06'beM BblnonHlleMblX pa6oT. OKa3b]DaeMblX YCJ1yr;
5) MeCTO .u:OCTa13KH nOCTallJJJleMblX TOBap013, Mecro 8b1nOJlHeHI1SI pa-
60T. MeCTOOK:i3J.HJ.rnYCJIyr;
6) CpOKH nOCTaBOK TOBap013, IIb1lT0JlHeHI1J1 pa6OT, OKa3aHI1SI YCJIyr;
7) CBeneHHJI 0 13KJIIO'{eHHbIX (HeBKJlIO'1eHHblx) B LleHY TOBapoB. pa-
60T. YCJIyr pacX01l8:>'. 13 TOM '1cJle pacxo.uax Ha nepeD03KY. CTpaXOBa
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ynoJlHoMO'l.eHHb]M opraHOM 13 pe3YJlbTaTe 3Y'1eHID] pblHKa Heo6xonH-
Mb]X TODapOB, pa60T, ycJlyr:
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10) CPOK 11 YCJ1013HJI OnJl8Tbi nOCTIlBOK T013ap013, 13blnOJ1HeHI1J1 pa60T.
OKa3aHH.IIycnyr;
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pOBOK rocynapcTBeHHoro I1J1H "tYHHLlHnaJ1bHoro KOHlJIaKTa CO .nHS! nOL!-
nHcaH1I npoToKOJla paccMoTpeHHJI H OueHKI1 KOTHpOBO'1Hb]X 3allDOK
KOTHpOBO'IHBJI 38HBKa L!On>KHa conep)l(aTb CJle.lLYlOll.!l1e CBeneHHII:
I) IfaHMeHOBaHe. MeCTO HaXO)l(JleHHJI (DJIJI IOpl111I1'1eCKOrO JlHua).
!fIa},tHJlI1SI. (,]MJI. OT'1eCTBO, MeCTO >KlJTeJlbCT13a (.wIS! $H3H'leCKoro JlHUB).
6aHK08CKHe peK8H3HTbI Y'18CTHHKa paJMeweHI:IJI 3aKaJa.
2) HaHMeHOA.aHl1e. 'illpaKlqnlCTHKH H KO;JWleCTBO nOCTIlBJIJleMblX TO-
BapOB. HaHMeHOBaHIte 11 06'beM BbinOnHJleMblX pa6oT. OIGUb]DaeMblX YCJ1yr;
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60T, MecTO OKa3aHHII YCJIyr;
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5) ueH8 TOBaPOE, pa60T. YCJ1yr C YKa3aHl1eM CB!:./IeHHH 0 BKJIIO'1eH-
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llPyrlixOOIlJaTeJlbHblX nJlaTe>Ken;
6) CpOKH H ycnoBHII OnJlaTbl nOCTaBOK TODapOB. BblnOJlHeHHJI pa-
60T, OKa3aHH.II ycnyr: ycnoBHII HcnonHeHHII rocy.napCTBeHHoro HJlH MY-
HHUl1na.%HOrO KOHlJIaKTa. YKBJ.aHHble 13 KOTlipOBO'IHOW 3a1lBKe. 1l0n)l(Hbi
COOTJJeTCl1JOBib ycnOBHJI).t CnOJlHeHHS! KOHTpaKTa. npellYCNOTpeHHb!M
3anpOCOM KOTl1p0130K.
nOpHL!OK np013e.u:eHI1J1 3anpoca KOTHpOBOK CJ1enylOIl.!HH
3aKa3'lI1K 06113aH pa3MeCTHTb Ha O!flI1L1HaJ1bHOM catiTe H3BeweHl1e 0
npOBelleHHH 3anpoca KOTHpOBOK He MeHee 'leM 3a '1erblpe pa6o'lHx llHB
L!O .u:HH HCTe'1eHlJJI cpoKa npeJ1CTaBlleH(']B KOTlJpOHO'1HbIX 3aIlBOK.
(13BeweHHe 0 npOBeneHI1H 3anpoca KOTfoIp080K .nOJl>KHO COllepJKaTb
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JleHHII 13 Te'JeHHe Bcero CpOKB nona'lI1 KOTH]JOBO'IHblX 3allBOK 6ea B3H-
83

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HHeM fl106b!X CpellCTB CBfl3H. B TOM 'lHCJ1e B 3neKrpOHHoi1 .pOpMe.
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npOBeneHHH 3anpOC8 KOTHPOBOK B cn}'<J8e nOna'lH KOTHPOBO'1HOH 3a-
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3aH HanpaBHTb B nHcbMeHHoH $opMe HJlH B $opMe 3neKTpoHHoro no-
KYMeHTa }'<JacTH(,]KY pa3Mell.leHH1 3aKa3a. flonaBweMY TaKYIO 3aHBKY.
nonTBep)l(l[eHIte ee nonY<JeHHJI nOll8HHaJl 13 CPOK. YKa33HHb]H B H3Be-
weH(J11 0 npOBeneHHH Janpoca KOT1fPOBOK, KOTHpORO'JHaH 3aHBKa perH-
CTpHp}'eTCJl.3aKaJ'IHKOM.
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<JaHI1.11 cpoKa no.na'tJ1 KOTHpOBO'JHbIX 3BI]BOK, paccMaTpHBaeT KOTHpO-
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1!03H3tpaJKllCHHe 13
p33Mepe.
(YKB3b1l!aCTCnCpOKlinOpn1l0Kl!blnJ13TbI)
nOMHMO 1!03H8rp3JKllCHHJI B YK833HHOM p33Mepe.
flpeDnpHnTHe BOJMe.ll(aeT BHewHe..KOHOMH'IeCKot1 opraHHJ.aUIiH HJpaC-
XOllOBaHHblC clO CYMMbI. He06xoJIHMblC}].}III HCnOJlHeHHn JIOrooop3.
5. BHewHe3KOHOMlI'IeCKan opr3HHJ.aUlin 06n3Ha BblnOJlHHTb: _
(.noroBOpCBOH""'CHJI3MH,l!np3BenrpeJlOBepIlTbHCnOJlHeHlleJIOTOBOpB
lIJIyrollopraH"3JUIIHBOI!CeXCJI}"IB.OxneprJIJl'iqJlIThllJ'Y rol1o prJHH33UH"
TOJlbKOIICJI}"lae.eCJ"'BblH)"KIleHBK"TOMYCIL'oll06cTOnTeJ1bCTBlUIli
C 06n3aTeJlHbIM YlII'lIOMJleHReM
co6JIlQ!!CHHnllorrrpec<mnpeJI.npHIiTHn)
flpellnpHnTHJI0 npOH311elleHHOM nepenOPY'leHHIi BTe'leHlIt_
cpOK3.aTIllOKenpenOCTIlIIJJCHlieM
(YK33b1BBlOTCnCBelieHIIII.KOTOpbleQPfllIlH3BUMn1l0JDKHBCoo6wItTbO
« 3aMecnm:1JC)
npellnpHJlTlie 13np311e UfK83HThCn OT 3aMeHbl, npe1llI0:KeHHOii BHewHe-
3KOHOMH'IeCKotl opraHH3a!lHe
6. HacrolllIlltiillOrOBopnpeKpall.]aeTCn:
(YKJ3b1I1BIOTCn<>CHOB3HHn
npeKjXlUleHllnl!oroBop3)
B CJI)"Iae npeKp3weHHII JIOroBOpa 110 TOro, KaK OH 6blJl nOllHOCTMO HCnOJ1-
HeH, BIiHOBHaJI CTopoHa B03Mewaer .npyrofi CTOpDHe nOHeceHHblC elO y6b1TK11.
7.
(BIUIIO"BIOTCnJIPYrHeYCJlOBHn,COrJlBCOIIBHHbJeCTOpoHBMH)
8. KllorOBOPynpHJlaralOTCII:
(npHB01l"TClinepe"rHbnpHJlO"'eHHIi)
9 IOp»1lH'IecKHe aJlpeca H paC4eTHbie C'leT3 CTOPQH.
flpe.rlnpHHTlin
BHeWHe3KOHOMH'JeCKolt 0PfBHIlJaUHH:
npe.rlnpHHTlie BHewHe3KOHOMH'JeCKBn OpraHItJaUlI1I
90

D.oroBop
HO BblnOJ1HeHl1e 301<030 HO nocroBI<Y npo.o.YKl(HI1
AJlSl rocy,qapcmeHHblX HY>K.D.
(KpaTKOH$opMYJ1HpOBKa:JaKOJO)
200 r.
(nOJ1.fOCHO"M""OBaHHenpelllIp"HTHII.opnHHJOUHH.Y"peJiWeHHllnOCTaBU\HKO)
H).IeHyeMoe B lIaJ1bHei:!weM «nOcTaBWHI<». 13 JIHue
IwIlAH<lCIb. 011 11.0.)
.neItCTElYlOwerOlJaOCHOIillHHH
C O.l\HOti CTOPOHbl. H KOMHTeT 4JapMauHH npaBH"renbCTBa MOCKBbI. HMe-
HyeMblfi B llanbHeiiweM ..3aKa3'lHK., 13 JIHue
(iJ.(1I'l.U-f(ICo1I.H.O.J
"""
(nOJlHoeHaHMeHOBaH"enpeJ1npHHTHH.ynonHoMoeHHoroKo"'.neTOMoJ>.1pMaI-!HI1
H8HCnOJlHeJme$YHKl!HArocYll8peTB"HHoro:JaKaJHK8)
HMeHyeMoe B .Il8J[bHetlWeM «3aKa3'lHK», B JIHue
ne!1cTElYlOwero H:! OCHOB3HI1H nono;+:eHI:!JI 0 KO).lHTeTe 4!apMaUHI1 npa1\H-
TI:JIbCTBa MOCK13bl, C J]JJ)TOii CTOPOHbl. 3aKJIlO'IHnH 1l0roBOp 0 cnenylOll\eM.
I npellMeT rocynapcneHHoro norooopa
I. 38K83'1I'1K nop)"IileT. iI nOCTaBll\HK npHHI'lMileT Ho eeGII npOBelle-
Hl1eCJJeltVlOllIHxpaGOT (nocTaBOK npOIIYKUHH)
(onHcaHHe:JaKaJa)
(flOCT<l13WIIK 06113yercII 3<1KJ1IO'1HTh JlOrollOp c no.'IY'1<1TI:JIeM (J'ljWIH
C 1peTbIIMH JIHU3MH), 06eCne'll'lBaIOll\HM onnal)' nOCTaI!OK)
2. PaGoTa no HacToHllIeMynor013opy 13blnOJlHlleTCH BCOOTBeJCTBIIH C
COrJl3COBaHHbiM CTOpoH8MH (nOJI)"I8TI:JIIIMH) TeXHH'lt:CKIIM 3!U\!lHHeM H3
(HOHMeHOBBHHe:JaKaJa)
3 COllep>KaHHe. :nanb] H CPOKH IIbln011HeIJl.JJI pa60T onpellenJiIOTCJI
corJJaCOBdHHblM CTDpoHaMH K"eH1lilpHblM n.1aHO:.f Pa60Tbl. He npellY-
CMOTpCHHblC HacTQIIWHM noroBOPOM, 04!OPMJ1S1IOTCSI 1l0nonHI'ITeJ1bHb1M
COrJl:!weHHeM.
91

II. nOpll.1l0K Cl!1I'IR R npl'lCMKH pll60T
4. flpH 33BepweHHR pa60TbI (:nana) flOCT313WIIK npeJ\CT311J1l1:eT 33-
K33'lHKY aKT cn3'lI'l-npIlCMKI'I pa60TbI (nOIl!THCaHIJblt1 nOJ!)"1I1TCJ!eM) C
npHJlO)l(eHHeM K HeMY MaTepHaJ10B, npellycMOTpeHHblX TeXHH'leCKIiM
3al13HHeM
5. 3aK:i3'l1lK 13 Te'leHHe IHCH co llHn nonY'1CHRII 8KTa
C.il8'lH-n)llieMKH pa60TbI 1 OT'1CTHbIX 1l0 K)'J>leHTo13 (M8TepHaJIOIJ) 061133H
H8npaBHTb nOCTIIBWIIKY nonnMc3HHblii aKT Cna'lll-npIlCMKII (,]JlR MOTII-
13HpOlJaHHbltioTK33
6. BcnY'-1ae HectXJI'fIe1CfI\lJI pe3YJ1bT3T013 pa60Tbi TeXHH'lCCKOMY 33-
113H11O CTOpOH3MH COCTaB;UleTCl1 JlBYCTOPOHHHii 3KT C nepe'1HCM He06-
XOD.IIMbIX .nopa60TOK. npeTCH3I1H 0 npOBe.1leHHI'I lIOpa60TOK 1IOJ!)!{Hb!
6b1Tb npellbllllJ1eHbl 3aK33'1IKOM BTe'lCHMC _llHeii nOCJ1e
nOn}"1eHHJI mcra Cl!1I'IR-npHCMKM pa60T nOCTIIBWRK 06113aH npOH3Be-
CTM HeOOxonl'lMblC IIcnpaBneHHn 6e3 1l0nOJ!HHTenbHoti OOJl8TbI 13 npene-
Jlllx.noroBopHolllleHbI
7. ECJ1R npll npHeMKe BblnOJlHeHHblX pa60T 6yneT 13blJlllJ1eHa Heoo-
XOD.I'IMOCTb .nopa60TKM HJ11'1 I'IJMeHeHl'ln OT.1\eJ1bHbIX YCJ10BHt1 B OTJ1l'1'll:!e
OT nepBOHa'laJIbHOrO TeXHII'leCKOrO 3!1J!aHRII, 13 COOTBeTCTBHII C 3THM
H3MeHeHHII CQIIepR..lHHJI P£OT no Tpe6ol1aHHIO 33Ka3'lHKa. rn pa60Tbi
npOH3BOilIITCII no .IIononHMTCJ!bHOMY COrJ1alllCHHIO C YKaJaHHCM cpOKa
HXBbln011HeHRII HCTOIIMOCTH.
HI. CTOHMocTbpa6OTHnOpIlIl,OKpac'1eT013
8. 3a 13blnOJlHCHH)'IO pa60ry (:nao) COIJJOCHO HIICTOIIWCMY JIOfOIIOPY
3aK!J.NIIK yon8'1HBaeT nOCTIlBllIliKYCYMMY 13 py6I1X BCOOTBCTCTBHH C yr-
oep>KD.eHHblM CTOPOHIIMR IIpOTOKQIIOM COrnaweHlJn 0 lIeHe UeHIl eD.RHH-
Ubi nocrallJ1JlCMQlI npoJ:!YKl.!HH He MO)l(eT npeBbl1ll3Tb LlCHY eJlHHRl!bl npo-
JlyKUHR B py6neaoM 3KBHBaJleHre Ha MOMeHT 05MBileHm] pe3ynbTaTOB
TeHJ\epa.
9. On;taTa pa60Tbi (TanaJ npOH31J01IHTCII IJ COrlI3COBaHHble CpOKI'I
nOCJ1e cna'lH nOCTaBllIHKoM H npHeMKH 3aK33'l11KOM BblnonHCHHoii P3-
6OTb! (Tana). o4>opMneHHoii 3KTOM Cl!3'1R-npHeMKf1. C'1eT3 nOCTall-
WRKa C npllJl()XCHHblMII K HIIM 3KT3MR OlTlla'lHnalOTCII 3I1Ka3'lHKOM B
YCTaHOBJIeHHOM nOpll.l\Ke
10 OnJ!aTa npoH3BOIIHTcn B py6nnx n03Ta!THO no ueHaM, YKa33H-
HblM 13 npOTOKOJIe 0 .IIOroBOpHOti ueHe.
11311K3J'II'IKB .1IHeBHbliicpOKCnan>lnOD.nHCaHHn
H8CTOllwero lIOroBop a oOe Cne'1RT flOCT313WI1KY OTKpb1THe $HHaHcR-
POBaHI:!II DJlSI BbIlTO.HeHHJI norooop3 B o6beMe H $opMe, COOTBeTCT-
BYlOllIHxycnoBHJlM npOBeneHHIITelUlepa.
IV. OrBeTcTBeHHocTbCTOpOH
12 B cJlY'1ae nOCTa13KH HeK3'1enBeHHoti nponYKUIJH nOCT3131l1IJK no
tpe6oll"lHHIO 3aK83LJRKa np0l13BQIIIJT 3aMeHY HeKa'lCCTBeHHoro TOBapa
H1IK3'leCTBeHHblk
92

B cn}"me HC!lonOCTaI!KII TOB3POB nOCT311tm1K ynJJa'lHBilCT 3aK33'111-
KY neHIO 13 p33Mepe 0,5% CTOHMOCTH HelionOCTB"leHHoro T013apa 3a
K8)l(JJ.NHlleHbnpOCpO'1KII.
B cny'lae npocpO'1KH nOCTa13KH TOBapOB nOCT313U1HK ynn8'lHBBer
3aKa3'IIU<y neHIO II pa3Mepe 1% 3a Ka>KD.blH lleHb npocpO'IKII
13 B cn}"18e nO)lHoro HJlH 'l3CTH'IHOrO HeHcnO;J:HeHHfI noroBOpB
onHoH H3 CTopOH nOC!1e.llH1I 061133H3 IJOJMeCTHTb npH'JHHeHHble 13 pe-
3Y"'lbTaTe HOro y6bITKII OCHOBaHlleM Mil nnynneHHII YKa33HHOro
nYHKTa 13 cWly IIB!llIeTCII nplUIardeMblH K 1l0rOBOpy npOTOKOJl 0 corna-
COBaHIIH pa3MepOB y6b1TK013 13 cn}"ID.e nonHoro 1'I1IH 'l8CTI'I'lHOro HeIlC-
nonHeHllllnoroBopa.
14 3a HeCBoellpCMCHHoe HcnO;J:HeHHC q:,I'IHaHCOllbIX 061133TeJ1bCTEI
3aKB3'1I1K ynJlB'IIIBaCT flOCTB13WIIKY WTPB<fJ 13 pB3Mepe _ "" 1l0-
rOBOpHOH ueH,,1 3a KaJKllblH npocpo'lCHHbli1: .ueHb H 1l0nOlIHHTeJlbHO
% npll npOCpO'1Ke 601Iee llHeH.
--fS-VnJJaTa caHKuHI1: He oc oo60>KllaeT CTap OHbl OT BbinonHeHHII
npHHIITblX 06I!3aTeJlbCT13, eCJut 3TO He yperYJlHpOBaHO llonOlIHHTenbHblM
COrJlBWeI1HeM.
16. CnOpb! II pa3Hom8CHII. B03HHKBIOWHe 13 CBII311 C IIcnonHeHHeM
H3CTOf!Wero 1l0roaopB. pB3peWiUOTCII rocynapCTBeHHblM ap6IJTpa)l(eM
HnH CynoM r MOCKllbl
V CPOK lleHcTBlIlIlloroBopa H IOpll.llH'IeCKHe aJtPeca CTOPOH
17. CpoK llclknlHJI H3CTolIllLero noroBopa YCTaH8BJ1HBBeTCII C« »
_200rno«_,,200_r -
II! AiipecaHpac'leTHbleC'leTaCTopoH.
nOCTaBUlIIK 3aKa3'1HK
A.lipec. A.lipec:
POC'leTHblHC'1eT: PaC'leTHbIAc'ler:
19 K HacToHwe MY 1I0roIJopy npHlIardlOTCII TO<HH 'IeCKOe 3BL18HHe .
KanelUlapHb!H nnaH 13bIlTOJIHeHIIII pa60T. npoTOKOJI com8weHHfI 0 1l0ro-
130pHOH UCHe. npOTOKon COrJlOCOBBHHII pa3MepOB y6bITK013 13 cn}"1ae
nonHoro H}lH 'l3CTH'IHoro HeHCnO}lHeHlIlIlloroaopB
20. rOCYllapcTBeHHblH llOroBOp COCT311J1eH 13 COOTBeTCTBHH c_
(OCHOBaHHe3aK;OO'1eHH3nOroonp.l)
nOCTa13WIIK_ JaK.U'lIlK
M.n. M.n.
93

D.oroBop nopyljeH14S1
r MOCKBa
200r.
(HaH"'eHOBaHHenpe....npHIITH..)
HMeHyeMoe B JlaJIhHei!weM 110BepwTeJ1h, B JlWL[e H1I'IaJ1hHHKB
. 06pa30RaHHOe H .netlcT BYlOwee Ha OC-
HORaHHW YcraBa, yrBep:>K1leHHOrO paCnOpH>KeHlleM npalJHTe!lbCTBa MOCKBbI
OT  ,,_ 199 r. no 3aKOH8M POCCIIHCKOH (f)aLlHw III!-
J1l1lOweeClilOpHJ\H'lCCKHM J1ILIOM. C QJ!HOH CTOPOHhI. II
(HuHMeHOBalmc)
_' IIMeHyeMbltl BllWIbHel:!weM flOBepeHHhll:! (3aKa3'iHK). BJ1HLle
reHepa.'IbHOrOlll1peKTOpa CJ6pa3OllaHHhlti
l111elicmytouurti HaOCHOBaHI1H YcraBII. no 38-
KOHa", PoccIIIlCKoH(f)epaL[l1H.S!IDIS!JOllIwl:!clllOpIIJIIl'leCKI'IMJ1HL[OM.C.u.pyroH
CropoHbl. W IJMec-re IIMeH)'eMble CTopoHbl. 13 COOTBeTCTIJHW C pacnOpll)l(eHHeM
npel>lbepa II)JiIIIIIIeJIbCTBa MOCKlJbl Ng 1381-pn OT 3 aB!)'CTa 1994 r
1I.0rOBOPI1JTJ1Cb 0 HJ1>KECJlEllYIOWEM.
06opy.l108aHwe W npyrHe MarepHil."IbHbTe aKTH13b]. nepenalJaeMble e JlW-
3MHr. 13llil.lbHetiweM HMeHylOTcll nPEllMETOM J](13I1HrA.
cJ>HpMa. {)6eCne'lHBBIOW8J1 nOCTa13KY npE,jJMETA JlI1311HrA 13 COOT-
oeTC1IIJIH C ycnoBwSIMW lal<.JllO'leHHoro KOHTpBKTa OT."
19 r. BlIaJ1bHej:!weM HMeH}'eTCS! nOCTA BWI1K -
flepMa'i a fiPEllMETA JlI-1311HrA JllI3I1Hronon)"1inenlO B nOnb30Ba-
Hwe c npaBOM nOC)/enyJOllIero nepe1IDJlil B COOCTlIeHHOCTb 13 llRIIbHetiweM
HMeH}'eTCJI JlJ13J1Hr
I nPELlMET JlI13(1HrA
110BepwTeJlb nOPY'IaeT nOBEPEHHOMY. 8 nOBEPEHHblCi npHHW-
18eT Ha ce611 nOPY'leHHe npellCTaBJIIITb HHTepecbl 110BepHTenSI KaK BJIa-
neJlbLlB flPE,jJMETA J](13I1HrA e 3al<.JllO'iaeMbJX noroBopax JlI-131-1HrA B
COOTBeTCT13HH C ycnoBIIJlMW HacTollwero 1l0rOBopB
2. 06513AI-IHOCTI1 CTOPOI-I
2.1 nOBEPEHHblCi 06H3YETOI.
2.1.1. 3al<.JllOordTb .IlOrol3Opbl C nH3HHrononY'l8l1:JlJlMH II nepellilTb
npE,jJMET 1l(13(1l-1rA 13 llH3HHr H8 CpoK OT I fQ1Ia 110 8 JIM C MOMeHTa
nepe1l8'IR nPEllMETA J]J13J1HrA J]H3I1HrononY'laTenlO
lI.aTotl nOJIY'leHIiS! npEllMETA J](13HHrA C'!IiTaeTCII .naTa nonnHca-
HWfI npHeMo-c.n.aTO'lHOrO aKTB. IJ{]nnHCBHHoro JlW3HHronon)"1ineneM. flO-
BEPEHHblM II 110BEPI1TEJ1EM.
nJ]aTe)i(H JlH3HHrononY'laTeJlSI .IlO11)!{Hh] ocyweCTBnSITbCII B py1)Jlel3OM
3KBHBaJleHTe CTOHMOCTII npE,jJMETAll(13HHrA no J.."Y)JC)' llOJIJI8pa CWA
MMB6 Ha.nary cOBepweHulI n.aTe)l(a.
94

lI.lIToi1 COIICpWCHHS! nJlaTC:Ka C'l1fT3CTCSl JlBTa HCnOJlHeHHS! nJlaTI;:Ka
yn011HOMO'lCHHblM 6HKOM JlH3I1HrOn011Y'laTe.!HI
Pac'lCTbI JlOJI)I(Hbl npOH3110JlHTbCII JlH3HHronon)"l8TeJleM e:KeMeCH'IHO.
He n0311Hee IO-ro 'lHCna. CJ1e.nyJOlilero 3!1 OT'IeTHblM MeCIILleM.
2 I 2 npHHIITb Ha ce611 Bce npa!'!a I:! 061]3aHHOCTI:! JlH3HHrOllaTe.1I no
3BKJIJO'IaeMbIM C TH3I1HronOJlY'JaTeJlIIMII JlOrOllOpB1f. 3aKJIIO'illeMble C JlH3MH-
rononY'IaTe;"lHMU JlOroBOpblllOJl:KHbl IJKJlIO'lBTb IJ C6H nO.'lO)l(eHHII THnOlJoro
JlOroBOpB JlR3HHra B He06xOJ\HMbiX cnY'Ja5IX nOBEPEHHbl!1I:!MeeT npBBO
IIHeCTH IJJlorollop JlI1JHHra.nononHHTeJlbHbie ycnOBHS!. He npoTHIIDpe'lalilHe
eroocHoBHblM nOnO:KeHIIIIM.
2.1.3. OpraHH30IIaTb PaUmy no oT6opy JlH311HronOJl)"l8TCJleij 13COOTBeT-
CTRMH C Tpe60mllJHHMII ..nOplI!lKB npellOCTallJJeHIIH 8 J1113HHr 06opYJlOBB-
HHf!. 33KynaeMoro 33 C'I\:T Cpe!lCTB npBIITe)]bCTlIa MOCK13bl". yrl!epJK.lLCHHO-
ro pBCnopll>KeHlleM npeMbepa npaRI1Te.!1bCTBa MOCKf!bl NQ I3EI-pn OT
3a13rycTa 1994 r. (npHJlO)l(eHlle I).
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HeHIIH3aKJIIO'IeHHhlxnoroI!Op013.
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JIH311HrOn011)"1arenlO H/l'lnH JlI060ti TpeTbeH CTopOHe. a TalOKe llJIS! npeJl-
CTBBI1eHHH HHTepeCOB II 3BlIIHTbi npBB lI.OBEPJ1TEJlfl II CYJle6HbiX (,]JlII
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2.16. COfJIacOBblllBTb C lI.OBEPJ1TEJlEM nopIUIOK O"flJ3:KeHIIII 13 )"JeTe
Bcexx03HticTBeHHblxonepaLIHti. KBcalOlIIHxclIJ1(13(1HrA.
2 I 7 OcyweCTBJlHTb KOHTPOJ1b 3a HCnOJlbOllaJu.leM nPEllMETA J1H-
3HHrA no HaJHa'leHI1IO H npB13HJlbHOCTblO paC'leTOB.
21 E KOHTPO;lHPOB3Tb CPOKH BROJl3 nPEllMETA J1H3HHrA 13 3KC-
nnyar3L1HIO H 13 Ht:.I!eJlbHblii CpOK nocne ero BBQ.1I8 13 3KcnJlyaTaLlHIO npeJl-
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2.19. B cny'me THKBIIJ],aLlI1H 11113I1Hrono.)"J8TenH, BblHBneHIIH ero Heco-
CTOI]TeJ1bHOCTH nOBEPEHHbl!1 npHHHMaeT Mepbl K B03MeweHHIO ywep6a
2.1 10 nOBEPEHHbl!1 HeceT MaTepHaJ1bHYIO OTBeTCT1I("HHOCTb nepeJl
nOBEPHTEJ1EM 3a yrpary, nop'lY npe!lleTa JlH3I1Hr H HeCI!Oe13peMeHHbIH
B03BpaT CpCilCTl!, .JaTpa'leHHbIX lI.OBEPJ1TEITEM H3 npHo6pncHHc
flPEllMETAJ1H3HHrA. eCJIH ywep61!03HHK no 13HHe nOBEPEHHOrO.
2111 nOBEPEHHbl!1 BnpaBeQTCT)'ITMTbOTYK33aHllii.QOBEPJ1TEIlJlII
CJIY'I'lH't, KOfnB 3TO llHKT)'eTCH HHTepeCBMI:! caMora lI.OBEP(1TEJlJl 13 pea;IbHO
IiJMeHHBWHXCH 06CTOTeJlbCTBaX. ec.,u] flOBEPEHHbl(1 He Mor npenl\aPH-
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BpeMeHHO OTBera 110BEPJ.1TEJlJl HB CIIO[:l Janpoc Bo Bcex CJlY'!aIIX nOBE-
PEHHbl!1 061133H YBe!lOMlfTb 110BEPJ.1TEJlSl 0 JlUnyuteI'HhlX 11M OTCI)'nJIe-
HHMX. HCnOJlHeHHe nop)l'1eHHII C OTCI)'nJIeHHeM OT yt<..I]3HIH 110BEPHTEJUI
JlBeT eMY npaBO Ha B03MCWCHI1C y6bITKoB 38 C'IeT nOBEPEHHOro
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176

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178

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179

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OCHOBe caMOCTOIITeJIbHOro .norOBopa nepCB03KH H COOTDeTCTBeHHO He-
CKOJIbKHX TpaHcnop-rHblX nOJ<YMeHTOB. POCCI1HCJ<aSl (])enepaWISI JlBJlJleT-
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cornarucHI1.11 0 Me)I(J!JHapOllHOM rpY30BOM C006weHI111 (CMrC) H Me>K-
.D.yHdpO.O.HOM naCCIDlmpCKOM COO6weHI'II'I (CMflC). CMrC llet1CTByeT C
H3MCHeHH.IIMH H 1I0nOJ1HeHHIlMH. BHeCeHHbJ'-tl1 Ha I JlHBap.ll 1995 r.
B OTHOWeHHJlX MeJK..iJ.YHapOnHOH nepeB03KI1 n8CCit)l(('JpOB. rpy30B,
6ara>Ka. rpy306ara;Ka, He pcryJll1pyeMblx Me)l(,.!\YHapOllHbI"'H 110rOBopa-
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BHyrpeHHee npaBO (13 naHHOM CJIY'Iae Y.>KT) 11eHcTByeT 13 TOM C}]}"lae.
eCJ1H CTOPOHbI 1l0rOBopa nepe1303KI'I cornacHJlHCb npHMeHJITb K CBOHM
OTHOWCHHJlM npaBO POCCHH. npH OTCyrCTBHI1 COr.'laWeHI1S1 0 n011Jle-
>KaWCM npl1"'eHCHHIO npaBe 13 CI'IJIY YK83aHHoi1 CTaTbl'l OCHOflnpHMCHJI-
eTCH npaBO ClJIaHbl, me Y'Ipe)l(,.!\eHa. HMeeT '-teCTO >KHTenbCTBa HJlH OC-
HOBHoe MeCTO HeIlTeJlbHOCTH CTOPOH8, JlIIJJJllOwallCII nepe1303'1HKOM B
.norOBope nepeB03KH CnenOBaTenbHO. ecnH m\.jPTCTByeT noroBopcH-
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KperH33.UI1J1 3TI1X YCJ10BHi1 H nOJlO)l(eHHii B03MO.JKlI1Il1HWb B cnCUHa.b-
Hb]X HopMaTI1BHblX aKTax, KaKOBbI'-tH JlBJlJlIOTC.II npaBI1JIa nepeB030K
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18'

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onpeneJlJleMOM npaBHTenbCTBOM P$
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nepeBO'JKY naCCl>KHpOB. rpy30B H nO'JTbI.
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l!YWHOi1 nepeB03Ke )KH3HH 1111H :mOP013blO nacca)l(l1pa, n013pe)KJ\eHHJI
rpY3a I1J1H nO'JTbI B03llYWHoro CYllHa. onpelleJIJleTCJI 13 COOTBeTCTBHI1 C
rpa>K.!WHCKHM 3aKOH01l8TenbCTBOM, eCJIH 3aKOHOM Hnl1 noroBopoM 1303-
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Mep OTBeTCTBeHHOCTIJ nepe1303'lHKa. 8 TaK)I(e onpel\eJlJleTCJI Me)l(Jl)'Ha-
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HOj:j nepe1303Ke H .u:o 13blJla'll1 rpyJonoJlY'JaTeJlIO HJlH 110 nepe.Qa'lH HX
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He06\.OlIHMble Mepbl no npenOTBpaweHHIO npH'IHHeHHJI Bpe1l8 H.lm Ta-
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182

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TenbCTB, KOTopbIC nepellOJlIl1K He Mor npellOTBpaTHTb H YCl"paHCHHe
KOTOpbJX OT Hero He 3a8IJCC:JlO, 1IH60 YMbICJi8 naccHpa.
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SpeJKlleHl1e (nop'!y) 6ar:uKa I1nH rpyJa. ecnH He nOKa;KeT. 'lTO OHH He
JlBHJlI1Cb pe3Y1IbTaTOM COBepUleHHblX YMblWJleHHblX neH..'TIIHH (6e311ei1cT-
81111) nepeIJ03'!l1Ka I1JIH npoH30WJIl1 He BO BpeM1 IJ03JJ.yWHOt1 nepel!03KM.
3a yrpary, HeJJ.OCT3'l}' 1111H nOBpOKJ:leHl1e (nop'!y) 6aniJK3. Ipy3a, a
T310KC Bewek. HaXOill\WHXCII npH 1TaCCa>Kl1pC. nCpeD03'lI1K HeeCT omeTCT-
BeHHOCTb 13 cnellYlOWHX pa3Mepax: 3a yrpaT)'. HeLIOCTa'lY I1nH -
HHe (nop'IY) 6ar=. rpy33. npHHJlTblX K B03llYWHOt! nepeB03Ke C 0151,1113-
1IeHI1eM I.!t'HHOCTrI. - B pa3Mepe ofu,IIR11eHHot! I.!eHHOCTI1. 3a BO:UIyUlHYIO
nepeB03KY 6ar[l)l(8 HJlH IpyJa C 06'b11BJ1eHHOH !.!CHHOCTblO C rpy30QTnpa-
BrITenll I1JJH rpY30nonYlaTeJlJI B3I1MaeTCII nOnOnHI1TenbHaJI nJlaTa, pa3Mep
KOTOpOt! YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCJI noroBopOM B03JJ.yWHOt! nepeB03KH 6ara)Ka I1nH
.noroBopOM B03JJ.yWHOM nepCBOJKH IpyJa; 3a yrpaT)', HCllOL"TillIY HJlI1 no-
13peJKlleHHe (nop'lY) 6ara)l(a, Ipy3a, npmrnThIX K B03J\YUlHOM nepeB03Ke
6e:> 06'b11l\fTeHHOM ueHHOCTH, - 13 pa3Mepe HX CTOIfMOCTH. HO He 60Jlee
lIeM 13 pa3Mepe nB)'X YCTaHOlIJJeHHblX 4JellepanbHblM 3aKOHOM MI1HHMaJ1b-
Hb]X paJMepoB OnJlaTbl rpy.na 3a Kl1JIorpaMM Beca 6ara)Ka I1JIH rpY3a; 3a
yrpary, He.1lOCTa'lY I1JIH nOBpe)f(lleH('Je (nop'lY) IJell.[eH. H8."«IJ\HJ.l[I1XCJl npH
nacca)KHpe, - 13 p83Mepe If X CTOHMQCTH, a B CJ1y'!ae Hea03MO)KHOCTI1 ee
YCTaHOBJIeHHII - B pa3Mepe He 60nee 'leI>! 10 MPOT. YCTaHOBJIeHHblX
4JellepaJ1bHbI),t 3aKOHOM.
CTOI1MOCTb 6ara)Ka. rpy3a. a TI\l()Ke Bewet!, HaxO.1lllWHXCII npH nac-
ca)l(l1pe, onpeneJlJlI:TCJI HCXOllH H3 ueHbl. YK833HHOH B C'!eTe np01l3Bua
HJlH npellycMoTpeHHOk noroBopoM. a npl1 ee OTcyrCTBHI1 - HCX01I.ll 113
cpellHet1 !.!CHI>! Ha aH8.'IOrHlIHh]t1 TOBap. cywecTBoBaBwet1 B TOM MeCTe.
13 KOTOpOM rpY3 nOllJlC)KaJ1 Bbl1l8'1C. 13 neHh notipoBonhHoro ynollJJCTBO-
peHHII TaKoro 1]Je60BaHI1J1 HJlH 13 neHb Bb]HeCeHH.II cyne6Horo peUleHI1J1,
I:CIlH Tpe60B3HHe .u:06pOBOJlhHO YllOBJIeTBopeHO He 6bIJlO. 33 yrpary,
HenOCTa"lY 11J111 nODpe)l(!1eHHC (nop-IY) 6ara>Ka. rpY3a, a Tal()Ke BeweH.
HaXOnHll.[I1XCII np('J naCCa)l(Hpe, npH Me>KllYHapOllHbIX B03llYWHhIX nepe-
B031WX ncpCB03'!HK HCCeT OTBCTCTBCHHOCTb 13 COOTBeTCTBHI1 C Me>KllYHa-
pOlIHblM('J 1l0roBopa),tH POCC('J'tcKOt1 (])enepaurIl1.
3a npOCpO'lKY 1I0CTa13KH nacca)l(Hpa. 6ara)1(8 HJlH rpy3a B nYHKT Ha-
3HalleHI1J1 nepeB03'lHK ynna'lHBaeT Wl"pa<t> 13 pa3Mepe 25% YCTaHOlIJJeH-
HOI"O 4JenepanhHhlM 3aKOHOM MHHHMaJ1hHoro p33Mepa onJlaTbl Tpylla 33
Ka>K!lb]H 'lac npocpO'!KH. HO He 60nee '1eM 50"0 npoB03Hoi1 nJlaTbI. eCIlH
He .noK.UKeT. '1TO npocpou:a l1MeJi8 MeCTO IJCJIenCTlme HenpeOnOJlHMOH
CHJlb!, YCTpaHeHl111 Hel1CnpaElHOCTH B03JJ.yWHoro CYllHa, yrpO;KalOwek
183

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MOryr 6blTb npen'bllBJIeHbI 13 Te'leH('Je llleCTH MeClIue13. YKa33HHblH CpOK
HC'II1CfllleTCII CJ1ellYIOWHM 06pa30M. 0 B03teWeHHH Bpella 13 cny<Jae He-
llOCTa'lH HJlH nOllpe>K.ll.t'HI1J1 (nOJNH) rpy3a HJlH nO'lTbl. a T8lOKe II CJ1Y'Iae
npOCpO'lKH I1X llOCT3f1KH - CO lIHII, cnell}'IOwero Ja llHeM IIblllB'll1 rpyJ8,
a 13 OTHOWeHl111 nO'lTbJ - C lIBTbJ COCT.lIIJIeHHSI KOMMep'leCKOrO aKTa; 0
IIOJMeweH(JH Elpena B CJ1Y"8e yipaTbl rpyJa - '1ep!:3 lleC!!Tb llHeH no HCTe-
'1eHHH cpoKa 1l0CTaBKH; 0 B03MeweHHI1 IIpella 13 CJ1}"1ae yipaTbI nO'lTbl -
no HCTe'leHHH cpOKa liOCTa13KH, 0 El03Mell{eHHH 13pella 00 Bcex OCTaJIbHbIX
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Mil npellbHlIJJeHHJI npeTeH3Hi1. flepeB03'1I1K BnpaBe npHHSlTb K paCCMOT-
peHHIO npereH3HIO no (JCTe'leHH(J YCTaHOBJleHHoro CPOK3. eCJ1H npl1JHaeT
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nOBpe>K.ll.t'HHJI (nop'll1) 6ar.lA\8 HJlH rpy3a npH Me)I(JI,YHapOllHbIX Bt."1.VJ.YW-
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>KeHHH Bpena nOJl)KHO 3allBHTb nepeB03'IHKY YBe1l0MJIeHHe 13 rrnCbteHHoi1
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"Iae npocpo'IKH .nOCTaBKH 6ara;t<a HJlI1 rpY3a npereH3HJI 1l0n>KHa 6blTb
npellb}IBJleHa 13 Te'leHl1e 21 .nHII co D.H.II nepella'Jl1 6ar.u..a I1nH rpY3a B
pacnopll)l(CHI1C 1IHOO, HMClOllicro npaoo Ha ero nOJly<JcHHe. Yl<a3aHH(H:
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llYWHOf! nepeOO3KH
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I1J1H rpy3OllO./I}"IaTeJlJI 06 YliOBJIeTBOpeHHH HJlH OTKJIOHeHHI1 npereH3HI1
Te'leHHe cpOKa HCKOB0t1113BHOCTH Ha"lI1HaerCII Ha CnellYIOWHf! neHb
nocne nonY'lCHHII rpy300mpaBl1TCneM HJlH rpy30nony<JareneM OTBCTa 06
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nepeB03KH rpY3a - peaJ1bHblH norOBOp, TaK KaK nepeB03'UlK HJlH $pax-
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llIeHlJlJ. CDII3aHHO C npellOCTallJJeHlJCM OTnpaBHTCJlIO OnpelleJleHHblX
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MH t'laprep) lJ nOTOMY JlB.JleTCII KOHceHCYaJ1bHbIM. 110roBop MopCKOH
nepCB03KH rpy33. - B03te3JIHb1H 1I0rOBOp, nOCKOJIbKY npellnonaraeT
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HHI1 MaTepHaJ1bHO-npaBOBOrO cnopa C OTBeT'!I1KOM (npClInOnaraeMblM
HOCI1TeneM Cy6'beKHJBHOii 06113aHHOCTH) H 0 )alUHTe HapyweHHoro
Cy6'beKTHBHOro npaBa HJ\H oxpaHJleMOrO 3aKOHOM HHTepeca.
B TeDpHH rpa)l(J\aHcKoro npoueccyanbHoro npaM C)'wecTBylOT pa3-
JlH'IHble B3rJlJlllbi Ha COQTHOWeHHI:: npoueilypbl paccMOTpeHHJI npell'bHB-
JleHHOrO HCKa H caMoro cy6'beKTHBHoro "taTepHaJ1bHOrO npaBa Hnl1 OX-
paH.IIeMoro 3aKOHOM HHTepeca. 0 3aWHTe KOToporo npOCHT Hcreu. Qr-
clOna H pa3JIH'IHble TO'!KH 3peHI1J1 Ha CYIUHOCTb HCKa. CpellH HHX MO)l(-
HO Bbllll::JlI1Tb TPH H8}''!Hb!X HanpaBITeHHJI
flpenCTaBl1ren('J nep60l0 I/OnfXllllellllR (M A rYPBH'l, H.6.3eiiJJ.ep,
C H A6paMoB. fl.4I. EnHcefiKHH) onpellenJIJIH HCK KaK KareropHIO.
npHcylUYIO .nBYM orpacn$lM npaBa - MaTepHaJ1bHO),ty (rpa>K1l8HCKoMY) H
npoueccyanbHOMY. H 13bIJ\emIJlH Aim caMOCTOIlTe;:[bHbIX nOHJlTL1J1 HCKa -
13 Marepl1J.,"IbHo-npaROIl0M H npoueccyanbHO),t CMblCJ1aX I
MCK 13 "IaTepHanbHo-npaBOBOM CMblcne nOHI1MaCTCII HMH KaK cy6'h-
eKTHBHoe npaBO. 6.118ro. 3aWHW8eMoe CYllOM. A HCK B npoueccyanbHOM
CMblcne - 31"006pallleHHoe K C)'J\Y Tpe60llaHHe 0 3aWl1Te cy61,eKTI1I1HO-
ro npaBa 11)11'1 OXpaHJleMoro JaKOHOM HHrepeca
Bmq;oe IfC1IVXJ6 eHUe npellCTaD!l1l1OT A4I KriaiHNaH, AA l106poBO!1bCKI1H.
CA. MBaHoBa. H M. ABlIeeHKo, paccMaTpHBaKlWHe HCK KaK enl'lHOe
nOHJlTHe. opraH('J'leCKH CO'ieTalOWee MaTepl18:IbHO-npaBOBylO H npouec-
cyanbHYIO CTOpOHbl] flo HX MHeHHIO. CYll HMeeT lleno TonbKO C Qi\HHM
nOHJlTHeM HCKa 11 .u:aCT 13 ClIoeM pcweHHH 01lHH OTBCT no 3allBneHHOMY
HCKY. llaBaJi OTBeT Ha MaTepl1aJ1bHO-npaBOBOe Tpe60BaHHe HCTLla K OT-
IC.. ['JfX'Il"MA.Y'IeH"eo6>tcKc(coC"raB.BIUI11 M,I981 C "i-11,3eudi!pH6
3neMffiUI >tcKU B COBeTCKOM rpU>K1l."HCKOM npOlJeccc /I Y'ieH. 3Un. CUP"T IOpltJ!
>tH-n Bbln 4 CaparoB, 19"16, A6ponw6 C H rpaj(JIaHCKHii np<JIJCCC M. 1948. £1U-
crUKUH n.t!>. npell.MeTCYIIC6HOii lICHTe:JbHOCTH  C08CTCKOM rp.........1HCKOH npou.cccc
(uonOHJlTHC,MccTo>twa'lffi"ctABTopcq, Ju,ce lI-palOpHIl HaYK 11, 1974. C. 9
lC., IU£UIMDHA.t!>. HeKOTOpbleTeOpeTH'lCeKHe BonpOCbl Y'ieHHIlOO HCKe BcoBcT-
CKOM rp"j(JIaHCKO" npou.cccc II Y"CH 3an Capar IOpHIl "H-1<I CaparoB,I969
C 141-165: .'J.o6po6ouco.uu A.A. JIIIDHOtIll CA. I1CKOBbiC cJ>OPM1 JoaIllHTbI np"B". M.
1919 C 18-19; ['pmJ<iJaHOWii npOllcce. M, 1968 C 142_144
196

BeT'1HKY. CYll 'JeM CaMblM .naeT OTBt'T ('J Ha 06paweHHe ('JCTUB K CYD.y 0
JaWI1TeCrOnpaBa l
n03HUHJI mnOpOB mpembeZO HGnfXJfUeHUH (K C IOlleJIbCOH.
K.11. KOMI1CCapOIl. B.M. CeMeHOB H D.P.) 3aKJIIO'1aeTC.II B nOHHMaHHH
HCKa KaK 'lHCTO npoueccyanbHoH Ka'Jeropl1l1. caMOCTOHTeJIbHOrO lJHCTH-
TYf!I IpIDI<.IJ.iIHCKoro npoueccyaJibHoro npaHa 2 . Cy6'beKTHBHoe npallO,
MaTepHaJ1bHOe 6.rJaro OHH BbillOlUIT 3a paMKH HCKa TaKoe npaBO (6JIaro)
COCTaBJIlleT ueJlb. a He cOnep)l(aHHe lJCKa.
(1CK KaK o6pameHHoe K CYllY I1J1H ('JHOMy KOMneTeHTHOMY opraHY
Tpe60MHHe 0 JamHTe OTHoweHHn IOpHJII1'1eCKH paBHblX J]('Ju nyre",
paJpeWCHHJI HX cnopa 0 npaBC Ha OCHOBC npHMCHeHI1J1 onHoro H3 YKa-
3aHHbiX 13 3aKOHe npaBOBOCCTaHOBHTenbHb!X cnoc060B 3aWI'ITb] HMeeT
CBOI1 :J'IeMf!Itm6I. KOTopble onpeneJlJlIOT ero conep)KflHHe H HIillHBltfiYfI-
JlH3HPYlOT ero. OHH llalOT Heo&«u:ulMYIO HH.popMaUHIO 0 33.I1H"J't'pCCOO'lH-
HblX J1HUax - CTOpoHax npouecca, 0 cy6'beKTI1BHOM ),.taTepHaJIbHOM npa-
Be. HY)I(!1aIOWeMCII. no MHeHHIO lJCTLl8. 13 3aWHTe. 06 06cTolITenbCTBax.
nocnY)KHBWHX OCHOBaHHeM o6pflweHH.II 13 cyn. TaKfllI HH$opMaUHJI no-
3BOJIJleT HIillHBltfiYanH3HpOBaTb H caM npouecc no KOHKPeTHOMY rpa)K-
118HCKOMY lleny. onpeneJlHTb 06beM. xapaKTep H HanpaHneHI1J1 .u:eIlTeJlb-
HOCTH cyna
B HCKe C)]e11YeT pa3JIH'iaTb TPH COCTaBHble 'iaCTH.
. COD.ep)l(8HHe J ;
. npeD.MeT;
. OCHOBaHHe (3neMeHTb! HCKa)4
CodepJ/Cullue I1CKa - :no TO D.ei1cTBHe cyna. COBepWeHH] KOToporo
npOClJT HCTeu. 06pamiUlCb H CYll 3a Jal1\(\TOH HapyweHHOro I1J1H ocna-
pH13ae"'oro npaM. COD.ep)KaHHe HCK8 onpenenneTCII I1CTI10'" HCXOilll H3
BHJIB cyne6HoH 3aWHTb]. npellYCMOTpeHHOH 3aKOHOM (CT II rK).
B coomeTCTBHH C 3THM HCTeu MO)KeT npOCHTb cy.n.
o npHcy>KllCHHH OTBeT'IHKa K lJCnOJ1HCHHIO onpCllC;ICHHoro llCI1-
CTBHH (H'lnpHMep. H03MemeHH1 y6bITKOH. yn)]aTbl KOHKpeTHOt1
neHe)l(HOH CYMMbI. nepe!l8'1H onpelleneHHoro HMyrneCTBa) I1)]H 0
I CM.. Jl.o(jpoBoIbl:M'U A.A. l1e<1H08<1C.A. YK33.C0'1.C 19
1 001_' l()rk.'bCOJiKC COB=KHJil1poliecc M_, 1956.C2,¥n.IIftL1J'OIIKI1
nrmBo H HCK H npel<P"llIeHHe npOHJBrn\CTIIoInO I"j).UI.!t.\tIC'Y neJY(HeKOTOpble Bo-
npOChlllle60pHK )l'leH "IJlY-"OB CBepj\.,oB. IOpltJl HH-n Bbln 9 eK. 1969
C 160, COemtCO,UU rpa;.UJaHcKHH IIpOliecc I nQD. pell.. K.11 Ko.tHccpoBa,
B.M C....eHOBa. M IOplUI""eCKa J1l1'TepB'l)'p3, 198E e 230-233
JBHaYKeBOl1pOCOnoH"TI1HHcKaHerOH"HKaKbHorot3Jte-
",eHTe ",CKa cnopeH eM. ClJIJI'tI!a<lU rpa",-"aHCKHH npolll'CC M. 19E9 C 194-19S,
KypcCOBCTcKororpa)l(LlaHcKoronpoucccyaJIbHoronpaBa.T I M.1981.C441.
4 £pa:Mr<'lml<l<uU npo""cc I nQII. peL! M K TpeYWHHKOBa M. 2000. C 107
197

BO:t1\ep)l(aHHH Or KaKoro-To llet1CTBHJI (HanpHMep, OT .u:ei{cTl3lJii,
BbI3b]DaIOWHX WYM. 3arpll3HllIOWHX cocellHHH YLJaCTOK);
o npH3HaHHH cyweCTBODaHHJI HnH. HanpOTHB, OTC)'TCTBHII KilKO-
rO-11H60 npaBOOTHoweHI1J1, cy6'beKTI1BHoro npaM HJlH 06J13BH-
HOCTH;
06 H3MeHeHHH HJlH npeKpaweHHH npaBOOTHoweHHn HCTUB C
OTBeTLJHKOM 1fJ1If, KaK npHHJlTO rOBopHTb 13 TeopHH, 0 npe06pa-
.JOBaHI1H npaBOoTHOWeHH].
flpeoMem HCKa - MaTepHaJ1bHO-npaBoBoe TpetioBaHHe HCTua K OT-
BeTLJHKY. flocKonbKY cnop Bcerlla CBlI3aH c npI1TJl33.HHeM ('JCTl!a K Or-
BeTLJHKY. 3aKOH Tpe6yeT. <ITOtibl 13 HCKODO"t 3allBJIeHHH I1CTeu }'K8JaJ1
CYTb CBoero Tpe60BaH('JJI, T.e 0 '1eM OHO (CT. 131-133 rflK)
B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT cnocotia HcnpaWHB8eMOIi HCTUOM 3aWHTbi ero
cy6"beKnlBHoro MaTepHaJ1bHoro npa13a npe!1"teTOM HCKa Moryr 6blTb:
cnop 0 HaJ1H'l('JlJ HJlH OTCyrcTl3lJH MBTepHaJIbHoro npaBOOTHO-
WeHHJI MeJK!I.Y HCTUOM H OTBeTLJHKOM;
cnop 06 06113aHHocTIIX OTBeT'!HKa, BblTeKalOillHX H3 MaTepHaJ1b-
Horo npa1300THOWeHHJI C lJCTUO"t;
cnop 06 H3MeHeHHH I1J1H npeKpameHHH cyweCT13YlOwero MeJK.llY
CTopOHaMH npaBOOTHoweHHSI.
flpeliMeTOM HCKa MO)l(eT 6b!Tb. HanpH"tep. npaBO c06cTBeHHOCTH
HCTua Ha KaK}lIO-HH6y.nb Beillb, npaBOOTHorueHHJI no >KHJlHWHOMY Hat1-
MY onpeJleneHHOro nOMeweHHII. aBTOpCKoe npaBO Ha KOHKpeTHoe npo-
H3BeneHHe Ha)'Kp,J1I1Teparypbll1J1H HCKycCTBa HT..o.
OT npeliMeTa HCKa cnellyer OT11H'laTb npellMeT cnopa, ero ewe npl1-
HJlTO Ha3blBaTb 06b1!KmoM HCKa 3TO TO MareplJaJIbHDe 6J1aro, nOJlYLJe-
HHII KOToporo n06HBaeTC.II Hcreu, HanpHMep KOHKpeTHoe HMywecTBo,
CYMMa llt:Her. >KHJloe nOMeweHHe H lIP. C npe!1"teTOM cnopa CBII3aHO
npaBo HCTua YMeHbwHTb HJlH YBeJlH'IHTb pa3Mep HCKOBblX Tpe60BaHHn
}')Ke nOCJle nOJla'lH I1CKOBOro J.aJllIJJeHHJI (CT. 39 rflK), a TaK)I(e npaBO
cyna Ha Bbl)(Ol1 3a npelleJlbI 3aSlllJJeHHbIX HCTUOM rpe60BaHI1i1 (C1. 201
fflK) OllHOlJpeMeHHo HCTeu paCnOpll>KaeTCII H npouccC}'aJ1bHbIM npa-
80M, OnpelleJlJlJI LIlIJi ce6.11. Ofu.eM HcnpawHBaeMot1 y CYll8 3a1l.!HTbJ.
OcIlOOOHue I1CIGI - 3TO Te of3cTosrre.nbcTBa. Ha KOTOpblX HCTeu OC-
HOBblBaer c130e 06paweHHe B CYll. OH .u:omKeH H83BaTb HX B c130e"t 3a-
JllIJJeHHI1 (n.5 CT 131 rflK). XOTJI 3aKOH He YCTaHallJJHBaeT KaKI1X-
JlH60 orpaHH'IeHlJti B03MO)KHOCHI HCTua 060cHOBaTb npen"bHBI1J1eMbIH
HM HCK JlI06b!MH $aKTaMH pea.%HOn nenCTBHTenbHOCTH, HO 3Ha<leHHe
HMelQT TOJlbKO IOpHJIH'IeCKHe $aKTbl-06crOJrreJlbCTBa, KOTopble lIJJeKyr
803HHKHOBeHHe MeJK!I.Y CTopoHaMH MaTepl1aJ1bHO-npaBoBoro cnopa. Oc-
TaJ1bHble $aKTbl HMelOT 'lI1CTO I1H4JopMaTHflHblii xapaKTtp H H8 pe3YJlb-
Tare paJpeweHHJI cnopa He arpa)l(alOTCJI.
198

OCH0138HHe HCKa npeaCTaWHIeT C060M cOBoKynHocTb <baKTOO, npe-
.uyCMOTpeHHblX KOHKpeTHblMH HopMaMH npaBa.
(-b.teHHO TonbKO 13 3TOM 3Ha'leHHI1 TepMHH "OCHOBaHHe HCKa» npH-
MeHJleTC.II 3aKOHOM ('I. I CT. 39, CT. 134 rflK) TaK, OCHOBBHHeM HCKa
MOryr cnY>KHTb cnenKl1, 0 'lacTHOCTI1 llOroBOPbl. $aKTbl HapyweHHII
npaB, $aKTbl, CJ1Y)l(alllHe OCHOIl3HHeM HBCJ1enQII3HHJI, $aKTbl np('J'lI1He-
HHJI epena. HacrynJleHHJI cpoKa. ycnOBHJI H T..n
OCHoBaHHe HCKa 06bI'lHO COCTOHT He H3 OliHorO 4JaKTa. a H3 HeKO-
TOPOH C0130KynHocTH, CfJ()"I1JeTCI1jYlOmeti nmOTe3e HOpMbI M8repHaJ1b-
HOro npaBa H HMeHyeMon $aKTH'IeCKHM COCTaBOM.
OCH0138HHe H npero.teT HCKa COCTaRJIJlIOT Te npH3HaKH, no KOTOpblM
Ka)l(Jlbln HCK OTnH'IaeTCII OT nlOooro npyroro HCKa. no 3THM :meMeHTa),t
MO;KeT 6b1Tb YCTa.HoBJIeHo TalOKe, '1TO HCK, HeCMOTpll Ha npOllOJl>KeHHe
.nena, nocne H3MeHeHI1f1 HCTLlQM npellMera HJlH OCHOBaHH ('I. I CT. 39
rflK) OCTB.,1CII TeM >Ke Ca"tblM (BHyrpeHHee 1'O)I;JleCTBO) B 3TOM COCTO-
HT ('JHJ!lJ13HllyM('J3HpylOwee 3Ha'leHlJe OCHOBaH('JJI H npenMera HCKa.
(1HUHBHllYMI13aUHJI HCKa He06xonHMa 13 TeX CJ1}"1aIlX, Koma CY11
IICTpe'laerC5I C BonpOCOM 0 TOM, He 6bIJI JlI1 npenbllllJJlleMb!fI HCK y;Ke
npHHJlT npyrHM CYllOM K paCCMOTpeHHIO HJlH He 6bln JlH paHee pa3pe-
weH CYllOM LlnJl pa3peWeHHJI 3Toro npaKTH'IeCKI'I BeCbMa Ba)l(Horo 130-
npoca HeOOXOllHMO YCTaHOBHTb, HllleercJJ JlH TO;t(JleCTBO HCKa. pa3pe-
weHHOro (I1J1H pa3pewaeMoro) CYllOM, H I1CKa. BHOBb npell'bIlIlJJJleMOrO
(IlHelliHeeTO)l(!1eCTBO).
TO>KJJ.eCTIIt'HHbI"tH 6ynyr HCKH. B KOTOpblX COBn811aIOT CTOPOHb].
npenMeT H OCHOBaH('Je. flpH 3TOM 4JaKTbI. 060CHOBblBalOWHe I1CK. HH-
llHBHlIYaJ1H3HPYIOT paCCMaTpHBaeMoe CYllOM npaJ!OOTHoweHlie 1IHWb
npH YCJlOBHH HX COBepWeHHJI llO MO),teHra yna.neHlJJI Cy.u:B B COBewa-
TenbHyJO KOMHaTY cJ>aKTbl. COBepWIiDWHecSi nOCJIe 3Toro MOMeHTa.
C03il81OT H0130e OCHOf!BHHe. H8 KOTopoe .neticTBHe peWeHHJI CYllB He
pacnpOCTpaHJleTCJI.
npenMeT 11 OCHOeaHl1e lJCKa HHllMBHlIYaJ11f3HpyIOT H caM npouecc
no KOHKpeTHOMY rpa)l(JlaHCKoMy.ne.1Y. onpen.eJlJlJl rpaHHUbl cyneoHoro
1l0Ka3bIIl3HHJI. Oti'bCM npaD H OtillJaHHOCTCH CTOPOH. $aPMb] H npCllCJlbl
npe06paaOBaHHII HCKa no YCMOTpeHHIO HCTL18 nyreM H3MeHeH('JJI npelI-
MeTa IiJlH OCHOBaHI1I1. no npellMeT)' HCKa OCYlUeCTBnJleTCII H BHllOBall
KJlaCClJ4JHKaUHJI HCKOB.
Jfu.._ __IN! - YCTaHOlIJJeHHaJi 3aKOHOM 4Jop).t8 06palUeHH.II 13
cyn 3a p<upeweHHeM cnopa 0 CylTheKTHBHOM npaBe.
B ('JCKOBOM 3a5lllJJeHlJI1 BblpaJKaeTCJI BonJi aa('JHrepeCOIlaHHoro Jll1ua,
otipawalOwero 13 CYll 3a 3aWMTOH npaBa
COfJIacHO CT 131 rnK HCKOBoe 3aJllIJJeHHe nOJ1>KHO 6b]Tb COCTaB-
JleHO B nUCbMeHHOii tPoPMe C YKaJaHHe cBe.neHHn. He06xonHMblx DJlJI
199

paCCMOTpeH('J}( lleJIa. a TalOKe llJISi YCTaHOBlleHH}[ C13I1JIJ C YLJaCTBYIOIJ..[H-
M B nene JlHuaMH TaKHMH CBeneHHJlMH IJIIJJJlIOTCII"
HflHMeHOBaI.me cy.na, B KOTOpblt1 nO.naeTCH 3alJlIJJeHHe.
HaHMeHOBaHHe HCTua C }'K833HHeM ero MeCTa >KHrenbCTBa (wI.II
IOpmlH'JeCKHX JlHU - MeCTa HaXO)l(!1eHHJI);
HaHMeHOBaHHe npellCTaBI1Ten.ll HCTU8 11 ero anpec, eCJIH 3a.llllJJe-
HHe nonaeTCII npellCTaBHTeJleM.
aHa,10rH'IHb]e CBCnCHHJI 13 OTHoweHHH OTBeT'IHKa (KpOMe CBene-
HHi1 0 npellCTaBHTene);
4Jw."TbI OCHOBaHHII I1CKa H 1l0Ka3areJlbCTBa, nOnTBep)l(!1alOllIHe
3TH l}JaKTbl;
Tpe50BaHHe HCTU8;
ueHa HCKa. ecnH HCK nOnne)l(HT oueHKe;
nepe'leHb npHJlaraeMblX K 3aIJIIJJeHI11O 1l0KYMeHTOB.
3aHW1eH('Je llOJI>KHO 6bITb nCUlnHcaHO HCTUOM ('JJllJ ero npencT3BHTe-
JleM. 13nOCJlenHeM cJlYLJae K 3allBneHlJIO llOJI>KHit 6b1Tb np('Jno)l(eHa .u:OBe-
peHHOCTb HlI)1 ('JHOt1 D.OKYMeHT, nOlITBep)l()]31OWI1t1 nOJ1HOMOl]('J$I npeJI-
CTaBHTeJlJI ('J 3 CT. 131, CT. 50. 51 rnK)
K HCKOBOMY 3allllJJeHHIO npl1naralOTCJI ero KonHH no 'tHCJ1Y OTBeT-
'1HKOB B 3aBHCI1MOCTH OT «CJ10)l(HOCTW' D.ena H1I11 ero XapaKTepa cyn
MO;KeT 05113aTb HCTU8 npellCTaBHTb TaK)I(e KonHH 1l0KYMeHTOB. npHno-
>KeHHbIX K HCKOBOMY 3alJlIJJeH1O (CT 132 mK).
fpa)l()]aHcKoe npoueccyaJlbHoe npaBO 13 COOTBeTCTlUlH C ero lle}.tOJ<pa-
TH'IeCKHM 1fdP8KTepmt 1l0nYCKaeT HcnpaB1leHHe HapyweJ-mH l}JopMbI HJI('J
CC\lICPA{LIHHe HCKOBOro 3ID1B11eHl1l1. fI TalOKe Henpa13HJ1bHOfi onnaTbl I1CKO-
BOfO 3ID1BJIeHml. ComacHo CT. 136 rflK HCKoooe 3ID1WIeH('Je, nonaHHOe
6eJ co6JIlOlleHHJI Tpe500aHHii, YKd.3lHHbIX B CT 131 H 132 rflK HlI)1 He
OruJa'JeHHoe rocy.napcTBeHHofi nOWJIHHofi. DaIICNNRf!fflCH C},oow 6e3 t'JewKe-
HWI CYli mBewaeT 06 3TOM HCTU3. npeliOCTaBJI1I1I eMY cpoK lIJISI HCnpaB-
JleHHII HelIOCTI!11<OB HCKOBOro 3aIlB1leHHSI ECJlI1 B yJ<a3aHHb]H CpoK HellOC-
TaTKH He 6ynyr HCnpaBJICHbI. I1CKOBOe 3aIJBJlCHl1e C'lI1TIlCTCII HClTOllaHHblM
ECJlH >Ke HellOCTaTKI1 lJCKOBOrO 3allB1lCHl111 6Yll)T I1cnpaBJICHbl, OHO C'IlJTa-
eTCJln01l3HHblM co llHJlnepilOHa'lanbHOrO npellCT8l1JJeHHJI ero 13 CYll
flepe'leHb OCHOBaHHH OCT3I1JJeH('J1I 3allllJJeHHJI 6e3 llBH>KCHHJI, npe-
.nyCIOTpeHHblii CT. 136 rnK, He nOllJle>KIJT paCW('JpI1TenbHOMY TonKO-
83HI1IO H KacaercH Bcex BI11l0B cyD.e6HblX npOl1300nCT13
flo npl1HJlTI1H D.eJla K npOHJOOD.CTBY HCKOBoe 3aHB1IeHHe He O)l(eT
6bITb OCTaB1leHO 6e3 .nBH>KeHHJI.
Bonpoc 0 npHI:IJITHH 3a.llllJJeHHII no rpa)l()]aHCKOMY nellY pa3pewaer-
CII cynbefi enHHOnl1'JHO. npHHJlTHe 3aSlllJJeHHII 06YCJlOIIJJeHO HaJ1I1'meM
npellnOCb]lIOK npa83 Ha npell'bIlBneHe HCKa, a TaK)I(e C06J1I011eHeM
nopllllK8 ero OcyllleCTI!J1eHI1J1 H CJ1Y>KIfT OCHOBaHl1eM lJ)1J1 BOJI)yJKlleHHJI
rpa)l(!13HCKoro lleJla flpH HaJ1H'IHH BCCX 3TI1X YCJ1013l1ii 33.lIl1JJeHHe
200

llOJI>KHO 6blTb nplJlUlTO. flpHHJlTHe 3allBneH('J}[ oijJOPMJlJJeTCII OnpelleJle-
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205

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207

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.uaBHOCTI1 npH BOCCT.1HOBJIeHHH Tel,(eHHJI cpOKa HCKOBOtl: .uaBHOCTH OH
YDJIHHlleTCII110 UleCTH MeCllueB.
flpHOCTaHOBJIeHHe cne.nyer OTJlH'Ian OT nepepb!Ba TeLJeHHJI cpOKa
HCI<OBOii llaBHOCTI1 flocne nepepblfla Te'leHHe cpOKa I1CKOflOt1 llaflHOCTH
Ha'lI1H8eTCH 3aHOBO, a flpeMlI, HCTeKUlee .u:o nepepb!Ba. He 3aC'lI1TblBaeT-
CII B H013bIH CpOK. flepepblB CpOK8 I1CKOBOH llaBHOCTH I1MeeT MeCTO
(CT. 203 rK PCD)
npl1 npell"bllllJleHHH KpellHTopOM I1CKa 13 CYll B YCTaHOfl.,eHHOM
nopllllKe; eCJ1H HCK OCTallJJeH 6e3 paCCMOTpeHHH, TO Ha'iaBWeeCII
no ero npell'bIlBneHI1H Tel,(eHHe cpOKa I1CKOBOH .naBHOCTH npo-
1lOJ1>KaeTCII B06rneM noplUIl<e,
npH COBepweHHH 06.113aHHb1M JlHUOM 11etl:cTBHfI, CBHlleTeJlbCT-
BYIOUlIJX 0 npH3HitHHH 1l0Jlra; B Ka'leCTBe nOnTBepJKJ\eH('JJI npH-
3H8HHH .u:OJIra MOryr 6blTb npenCTaRJIeHhl nl1ChMa, $aKCbJ, TeJle-
rpaMMbl, HanpallJJeHHble 110n>KHHI<OM t<pellHTOpy H nonTBep-
>K!WIOWHe HaJ1H"IHe 3MOJl>KeHHOCTH. aKTbI CBepKH D3aHMHbiX
rpe60BaHHtI:. ynJlaTa nOn>KHHKOM "IacTH D.onra H T.n.
J1C'lI1CJlHI! C YLJeTOM npHBl:.1\eHHhlX BbJWe 06me06113areJIbHb!X Tpe-
6013aHHH 3aKOH0ll8TeJlbCTBa CpOK HCKOBOi1l18BHOCTI1 npHMeHHTeJlbHO K
KOHKpeTHb]M o6CTom'elJbCTB<U,f. t:pelIHmp onpellemleT. HCTeK JlH CpOI<
HCKOBOtl: .uaBHOCTH Ha npHHYD.HTeJlbHOe B3blCKaHHe 3a1l0n>KeHHOCTH.
BblIBHB $aKT OKOH"IaHIiJi :noro cpOKa, npellnpHJlTHe-KpellHTOp BnpaBe
cnHcaTb 'lHCJlHUlYIOCII y Hero 3MOJ1>KeHHOCTb Ha 4JHHBHcOflble pe3YJlh-
TaTbI 1lCIlTeJlbHOCTH H }"ICCTb HX npH HaJ1oro06J1Q)KCHI1H npH6b1J1I1 J1c-
Tel,(eHHe cpOKa HCKOBOJ:l .uaBHOCTH Ha npHHy.nHTeJlbHYIO 3aWHTY Hapy-
weHHoro npaBa cnellYeT OTJlH"IaTb OT npet<paweHHJI caMoro 06113aTeJlb-
CTBa. Ha npal<THKe MOJKeT B03HHI<H)'Tb CI11}'aUHJI, I<orlla llOJI)!(HHK. He-
CMOTpJl Ha HCTeLJeHHC cpOKa I1CKOBOH .uaDHOCTH, BCe-TaI<H HCnOJlHHT
CBoe 0611JaTeJ1bCTBO, Benb npHH8lVIe)l(alUee t:pelIIITOp)' npaBO H COOT-
BeTCTII)'IOW8H 06S13aHHOCTb .non>KHHKa np01l0n>KalOT Cyw.eCTBOBaTb.
B 3TOM CJlY4itt' nOJlY'JeHHble KpenHTopOM JreHe>KHhle cpenCTBa (TOBapbl,
pa60Tbl, YCJ1yrl1) nOllJle>K8T fllUllOLJeHHIO 13 COCTBfI BHepea..H3aUHOHHbIX
1l0xonOB C nOCJlellYlOlUHM I1X Bl<JllOLJeHHeM 13 HaJ10rOO6.rJaraeM)'IO 6a3Y
npH He<lHCJleHHH HaJ10ra Ha npH6blJlb.
rpa>K!WHCK('Jii KOMKC P$ (CT. 196) B OTJlH'l('Je OT KOMKca 1964 r.
YCTaHaB.HBaeT e.nIiHbIH 06WHH CpOI< HCI<ODOH .uaBHOCTH - TPH roll8
(paHee KpOMe 06Ulem cpOKa TaKoi1 )!(e npOllOJ1>KI1TeJ1bHOCTI1 cywecT130-
BaJl elUe onHH 06WHH, HO pacnpocrpBHJiBWHHCJi JlHWb Ha rocy.uapCT-
IleHHble. KoonepaTlfBHbJe 11 I1Hble 06weCTBeHHhie opraHH3aUHH rOnH'I-
215

Hblii cpOK). B CT. 197 rK P$ npenYCMaTpHlI1IeTCH 1303MO)l(HOCTb yCTa-
HOlIJJeHHII He TOJIbKO 06wero, HO H CneUHaJIbHblX CpOKOB. npH 3TOM
eCJlH KQJ:J.eKC 1964 r., a TaK)Ke OCHOBbI JJ.CInYCKaJIH TOJlbKO 60Jlee KO-
pOTKHe. 'leM 06WHe. CneUHaJ1bHb]e CPOKH. TO 13 n. I CT. 197 rK P$
YK33aHa B03MO)KHOCTb npenYCMOTpeTb 8 KO.QeKce H 8 .npyrHX 3aKOHaX
KaK 60J1ee KopoTKHe CneUHaJ1bHble CpOKH, TaK H 60Jlee lIJIHTenbHble no
CpafjHeH1O C 06WHMH flpHMCpoM MO>KeT CJlY)I(Tb CT. 181, KOTopall
YCTaHallJlHBaeT DJI.II nplBHaHHSI ClLeJlOK HH'lTO)l(HbIMI1 60J1ee DJlHTeJlb-
Hblt1 CpOK (TpH rolI8), a DJlJI npH3HaH1I CneJIOK ocnopHMblMH - 60J1ee
KOpOTKHt1 (OlIHH ro.a).
B OTJIH'IHe OT KoneKca 1964 r 13 rpa)l(!1aHCKOM KOlleKce P$ OTCyr-
CTI!yeT nepC'leHb cOKpaweHHblx cpOK08 HCK0130ti .u:aBHOCTrI. OH 3aMe-
HeH 06WCH OTCb!JIKOt1 K 3aKOHaM. npellycMaTpl1BalOWHM TaKHe cnCUH-
aJ1bHble CpOKH CoxpaHSIIOT, OlLHaKO, CDoe neHcTBHe HOpMbl 0 cOKpa-
weHHblX CpOK8X HCK0130ii 118BHOCTIJ, cOnep.;KdWHeCII BO BTOpoii. HeOT-
MeHeHHoH '1aCTH KQ.IJ,eKCa 1964 r OHH KaCalOTCJI npell"lJlBJ\CHHJI pa3-
JlH'IHbJX rpe60BaHHii, B TOM 'lHClIe H 0 133bICKaHH('J HeYCToiiKH. flpHMe-
pOM MO)KeT CJlY)KHTb CT 262 KO.QeKca 1964 r, KOTOp3I1 YCTaHaW1HllaeT
6e:! KaKHX-JlH60 HCK,llO'leHHii weCTHuecJl'lHblH CpoK .uaBHOCTH lIJI.II Bcex
HCKOB. BbITeKalOIl{rIX H3 nOCTaBKH nponYKUI1H HeH3.!IJIe)Kall{ero Ka'leCT-
Ba AHaJlOrH'lHbIC YK3JaHHJI conepJKaTCII 13 CT 249 TOro >Ke KoneKca ('J
CT. 94 OCH08 (8 nep80t1 H3 H('JX pe'lb MeT 06 HCKax no n0801lY Henoc-
T3TKOB npOJl8HHOii BeWH, a 130 BTopoii - no nOROny OTCTynJleHHii no.ll-
plln'lHKa OT YCJ10BHH noroBopa. yxy.nWHDWHX pa6ory, HJIH HHblX He.noc-
T3TK08 B pa60Te) KpOMe TOro, 8 CT. 94 OCHOB YCTaHOW1eH 60nee lIJIH-
TenbHblH CpOK lIJISi rpe60B3HHH 0 Hen()C'J'a'llillX, KOTopble He MOrJlH 6b1Tb
06Hapy>KeHbl npH 06bl'lHblX cnoc06ax npHH.IITIU] pa60TbI (OlIHH ron CO
llHJI npHHIITI1SI pa6OTbl)
COKpaweHHble CpOKH V\-T.lHOlIJJeHbJ, 13 'IaCTHOCTH, D.JI.II Tpe60BaHHii
H3 .u:oroBopa nCpeBOJKH. B- CClQ'f"Bf:TCTBHH CO CT 384 KoneKc3 1964 r 110
npe.ll"bHBlleHI1J1 HCKa He06xo.llHMO HanpaBHTb nepeB03'1HKY npeTcH3HIO.
D.JIII '1ero YCTaHoBlleH CpoK B 45 nHeH - DJlJI ynJlaTbl wTpa4JoB H npe-
MHii H weCTb MeCHueB - D.JIJI OCTaJIbHblX Tpe608aHHii. flepeBOJ'lHK
06113aH ynOllJJeTBOpHTb rpe60BaHHR I1J1H C006WrITb 0 CBoeM OTK3Je 13
Te'leHHe rpex MeCJlueB, D OTHOWeHI1H rpe60BaHHii, OTHOC.IIWHXCIl K ne-
peB03KaM. ocywecm.rrJleMbl"t paJHbIMH BI-UWMH TpaHcnopra no OllHOMY
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MeHTa OTKJlOHeH('J1] npeTCH3HH. a np('J OTcyrCTl3lJ11 OTBeTa - HCTe'leHHJI
yKa3aHHbiX CpOKOB Ha"lHHaeT Te'lb CpOK HCKOBOH .uaBHOCTH, KOTOpblH
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nepeBOJ'!HK (K OTnpaBHTeQJlM, nonY'laTenllM I1JIH K nacca>KHpaM). CpOK
216

HCKOBOfi .u:aBHOCTrI paBeH weCTH MeCJlUaM. LlnJl Me>K.I\YHapot\HbIX nepe-
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COOT13eTCT8YIOw:eM TpBHcnOpTHOM YCTaIle HJlH KOlleKce (TaK. H 'lBCTHO-
cm, no CT. 130 B0311YWHOro KoneKca CpOK lI8BHOCTH no Me>K.I\YHapoll-
Hoii B03JIYWHOH nepeB03Ke COCTallJJJleT llOO roil8)
CpOKH .uaBHOCTH YCTaHOlIJJeHbl H B Me>K11YHapollHblX .noroBopax.
flpH 310M EI COUJlII:'I"C'njHH CO CT. 7 rK nocnellHHe nOJIb3}'IOTCII npHopl1-
TeTOM B Ka'JeCTBe npHMepa MO)KHO OnleTI1Tb, 'JTO B CHJ]Y CT. 29 Bap-
llIaBCKOH KOHEleHUHH 1929 r. 06 YHH4JHKBUHH HeKOTopblX npaBHn, Ka-
CalOll.[I1XCII Me>K11YHBpOllHblX B0311YWHbIX nepeB030K, cpOK I1CKOBOH
.uaBHOCTI1 paBeH nBYM ronaM C MOMeHTa OCTaHOBKH nepeB03KH; no
CT 32 )((eHeBcKoi1 KOH13eHUHH 1956 r. 0 J\omBope 0 Me>K11YHapOnHOH
>Kene3Honop0)KHOfi nepeD03Ke rpy30B CpOK HCKOBOt1 .uaBHOCTH paBeH
onHOMY ro!!)', 8 B cn}f'1ae 3J10YMblWJleHHoro nocTynKB HJlH BHHbJ, npl1-
paBHHBaeMoI'I K 3J]0Ylb]WJ]eHHOMY nocTynKY. - TpeM ronaM. LlnSi cne-
UHaJlbHblX CpOKOB YCTaHOBJIeH TOT )f{C pe)l(I1M. 'lTO 1'1 W1J1 06WHX. 3TO
OTHOCHTC.II. B 'JaCTHOCTH. K BOJMO)KHOCTH I'IX nepepblBa, npHOCTaHOBJIe-
HHJI Tt'JeHHJI. a TalOKt nOCJ1CnCTBHJlM HCTe'lCHHJI (CT 195, 198-207
rK)I. BBOllHblt1 3aKOH (CT. 10) npelIYCMOTpefl, 'lTO yCTaHOBJIeHHble
[pa>KllaHCKHM KOlleKCOM P$ CpOKH HCKOBOH ll8BHOCTH npHMeHJlIOTCII
TOflbKO K HCKaM, CpOKH npet\MIW1eHHJI KOTOpblX, npeilYCMOTpeHHbte
paHee nefiCTBOBaBWHM 3aKOH01l8TeJlbCTBOM. K MO)'leH1)' BCTynJleHHSI ero
H CHJlY ewe He HCTCKJm. fl03TOMY eCJ1H, IUmpl'lMep. pe'lb H.lIeT 0 83bl-
CKaHHH HeYCTOHKH, lUIJi KOTopOfj paHee J\eHCTBOBan WeCTI1MeC.II'iHbIH
cpOK, a Tenepb YCTaHOBneH TpeXJIeTHl1ii, TO H OTHoweHHH Tpe60RBHI1SI,
BOJHHKWero .no I HIOJIS!. CpOK HCKOBOH J\BBHOCTH 6yneT npH3HaH HC-
TeKWHM, 8 eCJ1H Tpe60BaHl'le E103HI1KJ10 nOCJ1e 310i1 ll8TbI. XOTII 6b! H 110
I JlHHapH 1995 T.. CpoK HCKOBOt1 .naHHOCTIi HCTe'JeT TOJ1bKO 'Jepe3 TpH
rona (1cKilIO'JeHHe H3 310ro npaDna ClleJlaHO 13 OTHoweHHH cOKPa-
weHHoro ron('J'lHoro cpoKa MH ocnapH13aHH}1 ClIt'.:JKH. 3TOT cOKpaw:eH-
Hb]t1 CpOK .nefjcTBYeT ronbKo 13 cnY'Jallx. KOma. npaBo Ha npell'bllllJJeHHe
COOT13eTCTI!}'IOw:ero Tpe60BaHI1J1 1I03HHKJlO JJ.O I JlHBapll 1995 r. ECJlH >Ke
TaKoe npaBO B03HHKJlO nOCJ1e I JlHBapll 1995 r.. PYKOBOllCTBYIOTCII Tpex-
J1eTHHM CpOKOM llaBHOCTH
CTaTbll 201 rK npellYCMa1pHBaeT. 'l.TO nepeMeHa JlHU 13 06113aTeJlb-
CTee He 8Jle'leT H3MeHeHl'lii HH cpOKa HCKOBOi ll8HHOCTH. HI'I nopilnKa
ero HC'JI1CJ1eHI1J1 3Ta CT.tTbR OTHOC('JTC.II B paBHoi1 Mepe K 060HM BapH-
aHTaM nepeMeHbl J1HU: H K nep!'1l:c;ny npaH Kpt'llIITOp"l. K llpyrOMY J11'1l!Y.
H K nepeBOlly J\OJ1rd. B 'laCTHOCTH, HMeeTCJI B I31JJ!Y ClnydUHJI, npH KO-
] C60pnU>. 05paJIIOB rpaJK1G\HCKO-npaOOBbiX JIOrOBOpoB Ie KOIMeHTapH.IIMI1) I OrB
p"JI. a.-p IOpHJI HaYK B B. 3BJIccc,mA M. KOHTPAKT' HH4>PA-M. 1991
217

TOpO eme AO nepcxona Tpc6013aHH Hn('J nepeBona AOJIl-a npOH30WJlO
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COOTHHO Kpelll1TOp nepBOH8'1aJ1bHoro 1l0J1>KHHKa YJHaJ1 HJlH
1l0Jl>KeH 6blJl YJHaTb. I1Ha'le rORopll, CpoK HCK01l0ii ll8RHOCTI1 K MOMCH-
TY nepeMCHb! Y)I(e H8'1aJ1 Te4b 113 KOMMeHTHpyeMoi1 CTaTbH CJlenyeT,
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1l0Jl>l<HI1KY CpoK HCKOBOi1 naBHOCHI cnellyeT )'MCHbml1Tb Ha BpeMJI,
npowellwee no COCToIIBwet1clI nepeMeHbl ]]HU. YKa3aHHoe nOCJIenCTBHC
13 paBHO Mepe OTHOCHTCII H K cnY4aJlM YHHBepCaJ1bHOro npaBonpeeM-
CTBa (13 4JopMe peOpraHI13aUHH IOpmIH'leCKOrO JlHU3 HJlH HacneliOBaHHJI
HU}'Il1eCTI!8 rpa;t(l[aHHHa). a paBHO npaBonpeeMCTBa CHHryJlllpHOro (npa-
DOnpeeMCTlld TonbKO 13 npaBaX I1J1H TOJIbKO 13 HeKOTOpbIX 06.11JaHHOCTIIX)
CCb]JIKa 13 KOMMeHTHPYeMoi1 HopMe Ha coxpaHCHHe He TOJIbKO CpOKOB.
HO H nopllllKa JlBJIJleTCII HOBeJIJ]otl: fPa:>K.naHCKOro KOlIeKca P$.
C Y'leTOM CT. 200 fK 3aKOHOnareJlb HC'I(OlIIfT H3 TaK Ha3blBaeMoro
Cyfu,eKTI.JBHOro cnoc06a onpCtleJleHH.II Ha'lWla TClJeHH$I HCKOBOt1 .naBHO-
CTH. B OTJlHIJHe OT KOHBeHUHH 06 HCKOBOil .uaBHOCTH II MeJK1IYHapolI-
HOtl: KynJle-npOD,8)Ke (CT. 10). 13 CHJ]Y KOTOpOH npaBO Ha HCK, BblTeKaIO-
wee HJ HapyweH('JJI AorOBopa, C'lHTaeTCH 1303H('JKW('JM B AeHb, KOrAB.
HMeJIO MeCTO TBKoe HapymeHHe, fK P$ IJCJIell 3a KOlleKcoM 1964 r.
npenycMOTpeJl, '1TO I1CKOBalllla13HOCTb Ha'l('JHaeT Te'lb C MOMeHTa, KOflla
JlHUO Y3Hano ('J1I11 JIOJ1>KHO 6blJlO Y3H8Tb 0 JIOnyweHHoM HapymeH('JH
(n. I CT. 200). TaK. ecnH $HpMa-noKyn<rre1lb Ha'lI1H8eT He06ocHoBaHHo
nOJlb30BaTbCH CpellCTlIaMI1 c13oero KOH1]JareHTa C I i}Je13paJ1J1, 8 nporollleu
Y3H8J1 06 :flOM TOJlbKO 5 i}JeBpanJl, CPOK HCK0130ti ll8BHOCTI1 H8'1HHT
HC'lHCnJlTbCII C :noti nocJlenHcii llaTb! (npH np('JMeHeHHH KOHlJeHUHH
Te'leHHC I1CKOBOt1 .Il8I1HOCTI1 H8'1aJ10Cb 6b1 C I $eBpa.JI)
I1CKJIIO'IeHI1J1 H3 31"oro npaRI1}j8 Moryr 6b1Tb )I CHJly KOMMeHTl1pye-
MOM CTaTbl1 YCTaHOBJICHbl rK P$ HJlH I1HblM 3aKOHOM TaK. II 'l8CTHO-
CTI1, WlJI otillJaTCJlbCTB C OnpClIC;jCHHb]M cpoKOM n 2 CT. 200 npelIY-
CMaTpI1BaeT, '1TO Te'lCHHe HCKOBOM llBBHOCTH Ha'lHHaeTCII C MOMCHTa
OKOH'IaHHJI cpOKa D,pyroe npaBHJlO JIeHCTB}/eT B OTHoweHHH 06113a-
TenbCTBa, CpOK HcnOnHeHHJI KOToporo He OnpelleJlCH ]]H60 OnpelIeJleH
MOMeHTOM BocTpetioBaHHJI B TaKOM CJ1}"1ae Te'lCHHe HCKOBOt1 ll8BHOCTH
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60BaHHJI HcnOnHeHHJI 0611JaTeJlbCTBa (CM. CT. 314). npH :nOM, eCJ1H
.nOJ1>KHHKY npenocTallJJJleTCII ceMHlIHeBHblH JIbfOTHblH CpOK WlJI HCnOJ1-
HeHHH cOC1I1IeTCTD}'lOwero Tpe60BaHHH. HCKOBaIl .uaBHOCTb HalJHHaeT
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218

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nJl8Te>Keti - co llHJI Bblll8'lH rpy3a. no 133b!CKaH('J1O WTpa4J013 Ja Hr:-
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CJ1Y>Kl1BWero OCHOMHHeM llJIH npen"bllllJJeHHJI HCKa (cr. 164 n. 3 KBBT
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MOMCHTa OKOH'IaHHJI nJiTHill-ICBHOrO CpOKa., YCTaIJOIIJJCHHOrO llJIJI yrlJl8-
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nocnY>KHBWerO OCHOBaHHCM llJI.II npell"bIlBl1eHHSI HCKa (CT 123 Y)f(T
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OllHa H3 CTOpOH - HCTeu HJ1H OTBCT'lHK - HaXQ11HTCH B COCTdBC
Boopy)l(eHHblX Cl1n. nepeBCllCHHblX Ha BoeHHoe nOJlO)l(CHHe;
Ha OCHOBaHHH 3aKOHa npaBI1TCJlbCTBOM P$ YCTaHOIIJJCHa OT-
CpO'lKa ('JcnonHCHHJI - MopaTop('Jt1 (HanpHMCp, B COOf13CTCT-
BHH C n. 3 CT 12 3aKoHa 0 6aHKporcme Ha nepHoli npoBene-
Hl1J1 BHeWHero ynpallJJeHHJI ('JMywecTBOM .u:OJl)!(HHKa B130nHTCII
MopaTopHIi Ha YlloDneTBopeHHe Tpe60BaHHti KpellHTopoB K
1l0n>KHHKY),
nplJOCTaHOIIJJCHO lleiicTBHe 3aKOH8 HJlH I1Horo npaBOBoro 8KTa
(npHMepoM MO)l(eT CJ1}')KHTb npHOCTaHOBneHHe BepxoBHblM Co-
13eTOM PID Ha 1993 r llctiCTBI1SI n. 3 CT 30 3aKOH8 «0 C06CT-
BeHHOCTH B PC$CP», 13 CI1JiY KOTOpOtl: rocynapcTBo 110n>KHO
6b1J1o HeCTH OTBCTCTBeHHOCTb 3a ywep6, HaHeccHHblti C06CT-
219

BeHH('JKY npeCT}'nneHHeM, co BcrynneHHeM B C('Jny rp3}lUl.aHCKO-
ro KOlleKca P$ YKaJaHHall CTaTbll BMeCTe co BceM 3aKOHOM 0
c06CTBeHHOCTI1 nepeCT8JIa JleHCTBOBaTb)
3 CT. 198 fK P$ BblTeKaeT B03MO)l(HOCTb YCTaHOBneHI1SI 13 KoneK-
ceo HHOM 3aKOHe H llPYrHX OCHOIJaHHM AJlJI npl1OCTaHOlIJJeHHJI cpOKa
HCKOBOH .u:aBHOCTIJ TaKHM 06pa30M, 13 'laCTHOCTI1, coxpaHll1OT CBoe
lleHcTBHe CT 406 H 407 KTM (nepDaJl H3 HHX npellYCMaTpHBaeT npHOC-
TaHOlIJJeHHe cpOKa I1CKOBOH .naBHOCTH no Tpe60BiJ.HHJlM K nepeB03'lHKY
H3 BpeM.II no nonY'1eHHJI OTBera Ha npeTeH3HIO IiJlH HCTe'leHHJI cpOKa,
YCTaHOBJ1eHHoro WlJI OTBeTa Ha npeTeH3lJlO. 8 BTopaH - no Tpe6013aHH-
JIM, B KOTOpblX HC'lHCJleHHe CYMMbl I1CKa 3aBHCHT or paC'leT013 no 06-
wew aBapHH, - Ha BpeMJI co 11HJI BblHeCeHHJI 11HcnawepOM nOCTaHOB-
JleHHII 0 HaJ1H'IHH 06!Uei1 aoapHH H .no .nH.II nonY'1eHHJI 11HcnaWH 3aHH-
TepecooaHHbIM JlHUOM).
flpl1 np(lOCTaHOlueHHH C MOMeHTa npeKpameHHJI 06CTOIITeJIbCTBa,
KOTopoe ero Bb13f1anO, HCKOflall HaBHOCTb TC'ICT Ha OCTaBlliHWCSI nepHon.
HO TOJIbKO npH YCJlOBHH. eCJ1H caMO :no 06CTmrreJlbCTBO B03HHKJIO HJlH
npOllOJ1>Kano cymecTBOBaTb B nOCJle.11HHe weCTb MeC.IIueB cpOKa .naBHO-
CTI1, a npH cpOKe MeHbwe WeCTI1 MecJll.leB - 13 Te'1eHHe CPOKB lla13HO-
CTI1 (n 3 CT 202 rK) C MO}1eIfTa npeKpameHHJI HctiCTBI1SI 06cTOIITenb-
CTBa. Bb]3BaBWero npHOCTaHOBJ1eHHe. Te'leHHe cpOKa npo.nOJl>KaeTCII
flpl1 3TOM OCTaBWaJlCJI 'laCTb cpOKa YDJIIiHJleTCJI.!lO weCTH MeCSIueB (KO-
ma caM CpOK (lCKOBOt1 JJ.8BHOCTH COCTallJJleT weCTb MeCHUe13 I1)]H Me-
Hee. COO"I1II:fCTIIYlOwee flpeMJI YWlHHSIeTClIllO cpOKa JJ.8BHOCTH)
TaKHM 06pa30M. eCJ1H 110 Ha'laJ1a nepeBona BOHHCKOH '1aCTH Ha BO-
eHHoe n0J10)KeHHe npOlliJlO C MOMeHTa I1CTe'leHH.II CpOKa HCKOBOi1 naB-
HOCTH .u:Ba C OOJlOIJIJHOH fO.1la, TO nOc)]e nepeIJo.1la :nOM JKe '1acTH BHOBb
Ha MHpHoe n0J10)l(eHHe OCTaBWHHCII CpOK ('JCK0130ti lla13HOCTI1, COCT8B-
JlJlIOWHH nSITb MeCSIueB. 6YHeT YBeJlH'IeH 110 weCTH MeCllueB
nepepblB 03Ha'iaeT, 'no Te'leHHe cpoKa HCKOBOH .uaBHOCTH npH
OnpelleJleHHblK 06cfOJrreJlbCTBaK npepb!BaeTCJI H nOCJ1e TOro, KaK .!lei1-
CTBHe. Bbl3BaBwee nepepblD, npeKpaTHTclI. OHa CHOBa Te'leT. HO 13 OT-
JlH'IHe OT npHOCTaHOlIJJeHHJI Y>Ke C caMoro Ha'laJla COOTBeTCTBeHHO
IJpeM1 .u:o nepepblBa D pac'leT He np('JHHMaeTCI. B CT. 203 rK npellY-
cMaTp('JBalOTcH .!lBa 06CTOHTeJlbCTBa, IJbUb!BaIOWHK nepepb!B. npell'bHB-
l1eHHe HCKa. npH 3TOM HenpeMeHHo 13 YCTaHOlIJJeHHOM nopHnKe (T.e. C
C06)]IO.1leHHeM npaBHJI 0 nO.1lIJe.1l0MCTDeHHOCTH H nOllcYllHOCTH, HMlIe-
>Kaml1X CTOpOHaX B cnope, npereH3110HHblX cpoKax ('J lIP.). cOBepweHHe
06SI3aHHb1M J1(11.10}1 lleticT13HH. Cfll1lIeTe_bCTBYIOWI1X 0 npH3HaHH(I 1l0n-
ra lleHcTBHH, 0 KOTOPblX HJ!eT pe'lb, Moryr HMeTb pa3JIH'IHb!ii xapaK-
rep 3TO Moryr 6b1Tb co06weHHe «npH3HalO 1l0Jlr. coaepweHHe
KOHKJIlOlleHTHblX llei1CTBHw. T e n03BonHIOWHX CYllHTb 0 npH3HaHHI1,
ynJlaTa '1OCTH HOJlra TaKHM 06pa30M. ccnH nOJlY'lCHHbIH KpCllHT CDOC-
220

13peMeHHO He B0313paWeH. m:KOBaJ.l lla13HOCTb Ha'l('JHaeT Te'lb C MOMeH-
Ta HaCTynJleHHII cpOKa ero 1303BpBTB. Ho eCJlH JlOJl>KHHK ynJlBTHT 'l8CTb
1l0J1m (npH ::ITOM p83Mep er: pOJlH He HrpaeT), TO C MOMeHTB ynJl8Tbi
HCKOBaJi llaBHOCTb Ha'lHHBeT Te'lb 3aH0130. CJlenyeT 06P8TI1Tb BH(JMB-
H(Je Ha npI1HW:llTH1L"IbHYIO HOBeJlJlY fpB)I(!1BHCKoro KOliCKca P$ Ko-
lleKC 1964 r. 110nYCKaJI nepepb]B 13 Te'leH(Je cpOKa HCKOBOH lI8BHOCTH
TOJIbKO npH ycnoBHH. eCJlH XOTII 6bl olU1otl H3 CTOpOH B cnope. T.e.
HCTUOM HJlH OTBeT'!I1KOM, BblcTynaJl rpa>K1laHHH TeM caMblM 13 OTHO-
WeHI1SIX Me)l(.!lJ opraHHJaUHJlMH nepepblB Mor HacTynaTb TOJlbKO 13 CJ1y-
<jallx npell'b.llllJJeH(J1I HCKa. Tenepb 3TO orpaHH'leHHe CHJlTO. a cnellOBa-
TenbHO. npaBHJlO 0 nepepblBe H npHOCTaHOlIJJeHHH pacumpHJlO CBoe
.net1cTBHe H Ha OTHoweHH1 IOpHllH'IeCK('JX mu.!.
B CJlY'l8I1X. npenycMOTpeHHblX npOUfCC)anbHblM 3aKOH01l8TeJlbCT-
80M (CT. 221 fnK H CT. 14E AflK). CYll OCT8BJ1J1eT nonBHHoe eMY 38HB-
11eHHe 6e3 pBCCMorpeHI1J1 (13 '18CTHOCTH, OH nOCl)'naeT TBKHM 06P830M
npH Hec06.rno.!leHHH YCTaHOlIJJeHHoro npeTeH3HOHHoro nopllnKB 11H60
r:CJ1H 13 npoI1313011CTBe cyna HMeeTCII lleJlO 0 cnope Me)KJIy TeMH >Ke CTO-
POH8MH 0 TOM >Ke npenMen: H no TeM )Ke OCHOB8HI1J1M) B 3THX CJ1}"1BIIX
Bb]HOCI1TCJI onpelleJleHHe. YCTBHal\lIl1BalOwee, KaK YCTPBHHTb HenOCTBT-
K(J. npenllTCTB}'IOWHe pacCMOTpCHHIO llcna YKa3aHHoe OnpelleJlCHHe
CJ1}')KI1T OCHODaHHeM lIJIJI npHOCTBHOl\IIeHHJI Te'leH(JSI cpOKa HCKOBOH
.uaBHOCTH. 3TO 03Ha'laeT. '1TO nocne BblHeceHHII onpelleneHHJI, 0 KOTO-
pOM HlleT pe'lb, HCKOBall .uaBHOCTb Te<jeT Ha OCTaBwHtlC.II CpOK (CT. 204
fK) Oc060 BbllleneHO OCTallJJeHHe 6e3 paCCMorpeHHJI HCKa, npell'b.llB-
JleHHDrO B yrOJloBHoM .nene. B HaHHOH CHT)'aUHH Ha'l8BWeeCJI JlO
npell'bllllJJeHHJI HCKa Te'leHHe cpoKa HCKOBOti .uaBHOCTH npHOCTaHaIlJJH-
BaeTCII no MOMeHTa BCl)'nneHHJI B 3aKOHH}'1O CHJly npHrOBopa. KOTOPb!M
HCK OCTaW1eH 6e3 paCCMOTpeHHI. flpH :nOM fiOll'lepKHyro, '1TO, eCJ1H
OCTaBWallCJI <jaCTb MeHbLLle weCTH MeCIILleB, OHa yllJll1HJleTCJI .no LLleCTH
MeCJlUeB. Oc06eHHOCTI1 npHOCTaH013J1eHI1J1 cpOKa ('JCJ(OBOH .uaBHOCTH B
06CTOiITelIbCTeU. OXBaTblBaeMblX CT. 204, COCTOIIT 13 TOM. 'lTO B OTJlH'IHe
or npHOCTaHOlIJJeHI1J1 no CT. 202 rK npOj{O;J)KHTeJlbHOCTb cpOKa HCKO-
ooii lI8I!HOCTI1, npOWt:llLLlero .u:o B03HHKHOBeHHII 06cr0HTeijJ,CTBa. 13bl-
31381!Wero npHOCTaHOlIJJeHHe, 3Ha'leH(JJI B 3TOM CJ1}"18e He HMeeT.
B03MO)l(HO H 6QCCmalf061e1111e cpO/co oa611ocmll LIIIIJ 3TOro cyll 1l0Jl-
>KeH npH3trnTb npH'IHHbl nponYCKa cpOKa HCKOBOH ll8BHOCTH YBa>KH-
TenbHblMH
fpa)l(!1aHCKHH KOlleKC P$ 13 OlJlH'IHe OT KoneKca 1964 r .nonYCKaeT
DOCCTBHOBJIeHHe cpOKa HCKOBOi1 .uaBHOCTH TOJIbKO 13 Tex cnY'lasJx, KOrll8
HapYLLleHHoe npaBO npHHaIJ.]1rr rp"DlUl,;tHHH)'. nOCKOJlbKY 13 CT. 205 rK
KaKHe-JlH60 OroBOpKH Ha 3TOT C'leT orcyrCTBYIOT. CJ1enyeT npl13H8Tb, '1TO
npaBO cyJla flQCCTaHOBHTb CpOKH I1CKOBOH lI8I!HOCTH OTHOCHTCII KO BceM
rpa:>K1laHBM, BKllIO'laH rpa)l(llaH-npellnpHHHMaTeneA COOTBeTCT1It'HHO
22'

OOCCTdHOHI1eHHe nponymeHHblX CpOKOB HCKOBOiI ll<1BHOCTIJ llOJI)I(HO C'lH-
TaTbCJI HCKJllO'IeHHblM nWb llJIJI IOprulH'IeCKHX JlHU fK COllepJKI1T H ewe
nBe HOBeJlJlbl. TaK. Tenepb BOCCTaHOBJ]eHe CpOKOB CKOBOti llaBHOCTIi
BOJMO)l(HO 13 CJ1)"j8.IIX. Koma npH'IHHbI HX nponYCKa HMeJlH MecTO 13 no-
CJ1enH('Je meCTb MeCJlUelJ cpoKa .n;JIJHOCTH (eCJ1H cpOK ('JCKOBOt1ll<1BHOCTH
paHeH IJJlIJ MeHee WeCTI1 MeCIIUe13, TO 13 Te'leHHe :noro cpoKa). KpoMe
TOro, KOlieKC BnepBble npHHeJI npliMepHblti nepe'leHb OCHOBaHH. KOTO-
pble Moryr C'!HTaTbClI nocraro'IHb]).m llJIlI BOCCTalJOBJIeHHII cpOKa HCKO-
BOil lIaBHOCTIJ. TII)Kenall 60J1t'"JHb, 6eCfiOMOll.!Hoe COCTO}lH('Je. HerpaMOT-
HOCTb H IIp)lflie, CBII3aHHbte C l1H'lHOCTblO 06CTOIITeJlbCTBa
CTaTbll 207 fK Ha3b]BBeT B Ka'leCTBe npHMepa 1l0nOJ1HTeJlbHblX
Tpe60BaHHti. Ha KOTopble OHa pacnpocTpaHJleTCJI. HeycTOHKY. 3aJIor.
nop}"lHTeJlbCTBO B 3TOT nepe'leHb cnellYeT BKJlIO'IIJTb TBlOKe erne nBa
cnoc06a 06eCne'leHIJH ('JcnOJ1HeHHJI 061133.TeJlhCTB H3 'llJcJla YK33aHHblX
13 CT 329: YJJ.ep)l(aHl1e I1My!.l.teCTBa 1l0JlJKHI1Ka H 38J1aTOK. Oco6eHHocTb
BCex nJiTH nOnOJ1HIJTenbHblX cnoc060B 06eCne'leHHJI COCTBIIJJJleT TO, '1TO
OHIJ CBII3aHbJ ellHHOn cynb60n C OCHODHblM 06.113aTenbCTBOM npeKPa-
meHIJe 3TOro nOCJ1enHerO 03Ha'l8eT aBTOMaTH'IeCKOe npeKParneHHe 0611-
3aTeJlbCTBa lIOnOJlHHTeJlbHoro EaHHCT13eHHoe HCKJlIO'IeHHe COCTaW1J1eT
wecTOH H3 nepe'll1CJ1eHHbIX 13 TOH JKe CT. 329 cnoc060B - 6aHKOflCI(all
rapBHTH.II. CKJlanblBalOrneeCII nplJ 3TOM 06.113aTenbCTBo XOTII H CBII3aHO C
OCHOBHblM, HO 06nanaeT caMOCTOJlTeJlbHOn cym£ioti B 3TOn CBII3H HC-
Te'leHHe cpoKa ('JCKOIJOt1 lla13HOCTH no OCHOHHOMY 0611'UTeijbCTEI)' He
0K83bIR HIJKal(oro W1HHHI1J1 Ha Tpe60RaHHe. OCHOE!8HHoe Ha caMOH
6aHKOBCKOH rapaHTIiH
CT3Tbll 208 B OCHOBHOM UXIJaTbJBaeT TOT >Ke Kpyr Tpe60IJ3HHn. KO-
TOpbln COllep)l(anCII 13 KoneKce 1964 r (CT. 90) H OCHOB3X (n. 2 CT. 43).
HMelOTCH B BHllY rpe60BaHI1J1 0 3aWHTe l1H'IHb!X HeHMywecTBeHHblX
npaB H IIp)'mx HeMaTepHaJIbHblX 6J1ar (KpoMe CJ1Y'lae13, npenYCMOTpeH-
HblX 3aKOHOM), rpe60BaHHJI 13KlIan'l('JKOB K 6aHKY 0 IJblD.B'le BKJlM013, a
TaK)I(e rpe60B3HI1J1 0 B03MeweHHH 13pena, npl1'lHHeHHOro )KH3HH HJlH
:tI\opOBblO rp<DKll3HHHa
BKJlIO'leHlJe Tpe6013aHHJI 0 3amHTe Hf:/I,laTepH8JlbHblX 6J18r CBII3aHO C
TeM. '1TO OHH, no 06weM)' npaBH:JY, He OrpaHH'lt'HbJ BO BpeMeHH H HX
HapyweHlJe npOIIOn)l(aeTCJI HenpepblBHO. HeJBMKHyrblH nepe'JeHb JlH'I-
HblX HeHMymocroeHHblx npaB IJ HHbIX HeMaTCpH8JlbHb!X 6JIar cOnep)KT-
CII 13 CT 150 rK. OHa oc060 BbU\eJIJlf:T >K113Hb H :w:op013be, lIOCTOHHCTBO
JlH'IHOCTH. '1eCTb H n06poe HMJI, neJloBYIO penyraUHIO. HenpHKOCHOBeH-
HOCTb '1acTHOH >K1'I3H. JI'1HYIO H ceMei1H)'1O TatiHY. npaBo cB060.nHoro
nepellHl1JKeHHH. 13b160p MeCTa npe6blBaHI1J1 IJ >KIJTeJl),CTBa, npallO Ha
HMH. npa130 3BTOpCTHa. ('JHble l1H'lHble HeHMyweCTHeHHbie npaBa H llP}'-
rHe HeMaTepHaJ1bHble 6JIara, npliHanJIe>KaWHe rpa)l(J18HHY OT pO)l(J1e-
HHH WlH BCHl1Y 3aKOHa
222

npaIJHJlO 0 HepaCnpOCTpaHeHH('J HCKOBOt1 JJ.BBHOCTH Ha 'fPe6013a-
HJI K 6aHKY nOLlpa3}lMeBaeT Tpe60flaHHJI JlI06b]X BKJ]an'lKOB. aLlpeco-
BaHHbie JlI06blM 6aHKaM H OTHOCllweCII K JlI06b]M BKJ]aIlaM OCHOB-
HaS! npH'IHHa. 13 CHJIy KOTOpO COOTBen:TBYIOWlie Tpe60BaHHJI OTHece-
Hbl K 'lHCJly He OXIJ8Tb!BaeMbIX ('JCK0130t11l8BHOCTblO. COCTOIJT B ('JX 6ec-
Cp04HOM xapaKTepe. 3TO .uaeT OCH013aH('Je pacnpocTpaHHTeJlbHO TOJl-
KOBaTb KOM"teHTHpyeMYIO HOPMY. HMell 13 BllilY nOli 6aHKaMH HHbie
KpellHTHble y'!pe>K1leHS!, BbllTOJ1HJlIOWHe 13 cHny CT. I 3aKOHa 0 6aH-
KIDl omellhHhle 6aHKOIJCKHe $YHKUHH. TaK )Ke KaK H OCHOIJhl (CT. 43).
CT. 208 rK npe.QycM8Tp('JBaeT, '1TO Tpe6013aHl1J1 0 1303MeweHHH Bpe,lta,
np'1HHCHHOro >K3HH H 3nopoBblO. npellbliBneHHble no HCTe'leHHH
Tpex JleT C MOMema B03HKHOBeHJI npaDa Ha B03MeweHHe Bpena.
ynoBneTBoplllOTCII 13 npeneJlax cpoKa naBHOCTH. T e Tpex JleT. npenwe-
CT13013a13WHX npen'bIl13J1eHl1lO I1CKa J1MeeTcS! B BHLIY, 'lTD, eCJlH npa130
'fPe60BBTb 1303"teweHI1J1 1303H(JKJ]O B 1991 r.. 8 I1CK npen'bllllJJeH B Map-
Te 1995 r., OH 6YlleT y.nOB..'JeTBopeH 'lacTH'IHO: Ha'lHHaJi C mIaTe)KeH 3a
lJJeBpanb 1992 r. nOCJle.nHHe no C'IeTY 'fPe60BaHHJI H3 'IHCJla He OXBa-
TblBaeMblX HCKOBO .uaBHOCTblO COCTaBJIJlIOT HeraropHble HCKH - Tpe-
60BaHHS! C06CT13eHHHK8 ('JJlIJ W1anenbL[8 HMYU.leCT13a. HanpallJJeHHble H8
YCTpaHeHHe BCIIKI1X HapyweH(Jti ero npaBa. XOTII 3TH fiapyweHHS! H He
6bIJlH coenHHeHbl C JlHWeHHeM lIJJaneHHII (Hanpl1Mep. Bb]CTpOeHa CTe-
Ha, 3aCJlOHJlIOW811 BHTPHHY npHHMJ]e)l(awero apeHJJ.BTOpy Mara3HHa).
B .uaHHOM cnY4ae, KaK H B 6oJlbU1('JHcTBe npyrl1x. npenycMoTpeHHblx B
CJ 208 rK, TaK)I{e I1Meer MeCTO llJIS!weecS! HenpepbIBHO HapyweHe,
'1TO H CJlY>KHT OCHOBaHeM llJIJI HepacnpocTpaHeHHS! Ha B03HKwee 3
Hero Tpe60BaHI1e HCKOBOJ:! .uaBHOCTIi. 3TOT nOCJ1ellHH CJI}"IaJ:! Hepac-
npOCTpm.reHHI'I HCK0130t1 naBHOCTrI SlBJlSleTCII HOIJcnnoii r(YUK.!LaHCKOro
KoneKc8 P$.
llaJ1eKo He Bcer.na Kpelll1TOpy Heo6xonHMO >K1l8Tb TPIi ro.na, 'lT06b[
CnHCaTb Ha 4JHHaHcoBble peJ}'JlbTaTbl lle.llTeJlbHOCTIi npelinpH.IITHJI 'lHC-
JlmJ.IYIOCSI Ha ero 6aJlaHCe ne6('JTopCKYIO 3allOJl>KeHHOCTb. Benb ewe .no
HCTe4eHHS! cpOKa HCK0130ii .u:aBHOCTI{ KpeJUITOp MO)l(eT nOJlY4HTb ('JH-
4JoPMaUIiIO 0 Hecnoc06HOCTH LIOn>KHHKa HCnOnHI1Tb COOTBeTCTBYlOwee
06I1JaTeJlbCTBO. B COOTBeTCTBH C rK P$ TaKall cHTyaUIIII MO)l(eT 1303-
HHKH}'Tb13 CJ1}"laIlX:
HaCT)'!1J1eHHJI 06cr0srre.nbCTB, 3a KOTOpble HH onHa 113 CTOpoH
06.113aTenbCTBa He OTBe'laeT H KOTOpble He n03BOJIJlIOT nOJl>KHHKY
ero HcnonHIITb (CT. 416); TaKOBblMH MOryT 6bITb 06crosrreQbCT-
Ba, npH.!HaBaeMble HenpeOnOJlHMoJ:! CHJloJ:!, T.e. 'Ipe3Bbl'l8HHble
H Henpfllcrmp.mtMble npH .u:aHHbIX YCJloomlX (n. 3 CT. 401);
He(03).]O)l(HOCTH CnOJ1HeHHJI 06.113aTeJlbCTBa 13 cHJlY H31IaHIIII
rocYIDlpCTBeHHoro opraHa (CT. 417).
JlHKBH11aUIiH npellnpHJlTHJI-LIOn)l(HHKa
223

l1HKBl1.lIaUH}1 IOpl1.lll1'1eCKoro JlHua BCerJJ.B 03Ha'l8eT npCKpamCHHe
ero ne5lTt:nbHOCTH 6e3 nepexona npaB 11 0611JaHHOCTeti I< llpyrHM JIll8}.1
I1HblMH cnOBaMH. eCJlH B npouecce JIKBrnrnWII1 nOn>KHHl<a HM He 6y-
.nyr noraUleHbl nOJlrOBbie 06S13"(JeJIbCTBa. TO nOCJle ero JlHKBHl\8.UHH
npe-reH:.l('J('J K HHbIM IOpI1.llH'IeCI<IJM H $('J3H'IeCKI1M JlHI..[8M no :JIHM .nOJl-
raM npeilbllllJJeHbl 6blTb He MOI}'T. B :noii C13HJI1 JI('JK13I1Jl8.UI1IO IOPI1.llI1-
'1ecl<oro JlHLJa cnenyeT OTJIH'IaTb OT ero peopraHH3auHH B nocneliHeM
CJ1}"l8e npaBa H 06113aHHocHI peopraHH3}'eMoro npellnpHJlTHJI He npe-
KpamalOTCH. a nepeXOll.llT K npaBonpeeMH('JKY (cT.5E rK P$). B npo-
uecce JlI1K13l1.l1aUHH npennpHJlTIJH C03!1aeTCII JIHKBlU\al..[HOHHaH KOMI1C-
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241

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242

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243

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249

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250

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251

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252

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253

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263

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06b!CKe opraHaMH, OCYWCCTIJ,J[JlIOWHMI1 0I1epaTI1BHO-P03bICKHYIO
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CTHKY.
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HHII OliHoro MeCHua co llHJI npHHHTI1H 33.lIl1JJeHHII I1'Jt:LIepaJ1bHbIM 3aKO-
HOM MOryT yCTaHaBllHBaTbClI COKpaw:eHHble CpOKIi paCCMOTPeHH1 J\e.n no
HCTe'leHHSI MeCIIU8 no OTneJlbHblM KaTeropHIIM nen (CT. 154 rnK P$).
CYll 1l0J1>KeH pa36HpaTb Ka>KllOe neno. KaK npaBHJlo. B OTKpblTOM
C}fJ\e6HOM 3acenaHHH H npH HeH3MeHHOM COCTaBe cy.u:a (:I Henpepbl13HO,
Kj)O:..te BpeMeHH Ha OTD.bIX (CT. 157 rflK).
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YCTaHOBHJlH cyne6HYIO nOliBeLlOMCTBeHHOCTb ne}], CBH3aHHbiX C 06113aH-
HOCTblO Bb1lTJlaTHTb ny6nl1'lHO 06ew:aHHYIO Harpany (CT 105S rK), H
lien, 1303H(:IKalOW:HX np(:l OTK83e opraH('J3aTOp013 J1OTpeti, TOTanH3aTopo13
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TenbCTBO He OTHeceHO K BeneHHIO HOro cy.ua
7.4 Oco6eHHoCTH BeJl,eHI1S1 ,[leI! B TpeTej;:;cKI1X CYAOX
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llieH IOpHCnHKUIJH 11 ap6lrrp.LlrnblMH cynaMIf. 3aKOHOnaTeJlbCTBO (CT. II
fK P$) npellyCMalpl1BaeT B03MO)l(HOCTb 3alllHTbI uapyweHHblX npaB If
OxpaHIICMblX 31IKOHO] I1HI'CpCCOB fl1'pCTeHCI<X cynax npaBO flbl60pa KOH-
KpeTHOi1 tj:JOpMbl 3!lWHTbl npaHa npl1Ha.lJ.lIe)l(HT 3aHHTepeCOHaHHbiM JlHuaM
Tpemeiiamii t:yiJ - cy.n, H36paHHblH no COfJIaWeHHIO CTOpOH lIJI.II
paJpeweHHSI KOHKpeTHOrO rpa;;(l]8HCKo-npaBODoro cnopa C 06113aTenb-
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264

CHikKO <1>enepaLlH('J Moryr 06pa30BaTbC>I KaK nOCTOIIHHO J\et1CT13YIO-
litHe TpeTdlCKHe cynbl. TaK H DJISI pa3peUleHHSI KOHKjJeTHOrO cnopa
TperetiClwe 13eneHHe l!eJl8 06J18.!1aer HeKOTOpblMI1 npeHMywecTBaMH
no cpaBHeHHIO C cYlle6Hb!).t paJpeWeHHeM cnopa.
CIIeJJ..veT BblJ1eJll1Tb oco6etmocmu paccvo 1IfJfflU1/ 0e..1 rperet1cKHMH Cyn.aMH.
6b]CTpOTa H 3KOHOM'lHOCTb pacCMOTpCHHJlllena;
. $oKTOp n013b1WeHHoro .u:OBepHII KaK K CYJ\bIlM, TaK H nOCT8H013-
JleHHOMY HM perneHHIO.
. 1303MO)l(HOCTb CTOPOH8M C8MHM onpeneJII1Tb CPOKH. MecTO H
BpeMH pa3peweH(\H cnopa
3aKOH 0 rpeTeHCKOM cyne npellOCTaBJI.lleT f1J3>KIDlHaM B03MOJKHOCTb ne-
peJJ.aTb Jl106ol1 BCUHHKWHt1 MeJK.lly HlIMH cnop Ha fJolCC'IOT)JeH('Je naHHoro
cyna. (1cKlIlO4eHlle COCTaBl1J11OT cnopbl. 13b1TeKaIOWl1e 113 T]JyJJ.OBbIX H ce-
MciiHblX OTHoweHHH OH opraHIO}CTCJI no comaWCH1O ocex }'4aCTHHKoB
cnopa H Ko!>tneTeHTeH pacCw.rrpHBaTb coop TonbKO npH YCJIOBHH, t'CnH Me-
>K1\Y CTOpoH8MH 6bJJ1 3<1KJI104eH .norooop 0 ero nepe.IL1'te H3 paJpeWeHHe
3TQro cy.na. ComaWeHl1e 1l0Jl)KHO 6blTh JaKJ1IO'leHO B n('JCbMeHHOH $opMC.
Heco6JIlOneHHe 3TOfO -.peOoBaHHH JJ.e)l8er lloroBOp H\:.IIeHcmKrenbHbiM.
nOHCKH 34J(jJeKTHBHbIX MeXaHH31>t0B aJ1bTepHaTHDHbIX 4JOPM ypery-
JlHPOlJaH('J.II cnopOB. n03BOJlSlIOW('JX YCKOp('JTb H ynpocTI1Tb HX paJperue-
HHe. a TaK)I(e pa3rpyJHTb rOC}'MpCTI!eHHble CYJ\bI, BeJlHCb POCCI1t1CK(\MH
IOp(\CTaMH lia npOTH)KeH(\11 n04T(\ llE\YX fleKOfl. 0 He06xonl1MOCTI1 C03-
naHHSI TaKHX MexaHH3MOB. KOHKpeTHO TpeTeHCKHX CYllOB, ewe 13 1803 r.
nHcan aBTOp YCTaBa TpeTeHcKoro COBeCTHoro cy.ua MHHHCTp IOCTHLlHH
r.p llep)l(3BHH I B 1l0KJ1ane AIIeKCaHJJ.PY I
npaBo H36HpaTb nocpellHHKOD llJIJI peWel-lHSI cnopHblX nen npellY-
CM8Tp(\BanOCb 13 YCTal!e rpaJKJ\aHCKoro cy.u:onpO('J3BO){CTBa 1864 r. P83-
nen IV KI-IHrH III YCTaBa BKlIIO'l8JI CneUHaJ1bHYIO waE\Y «0 l'peTeHCKOM
cYJJ.e» (CT. 1367-1400).
lleKjJeTol>t 0 cy.ne N I OT 1911 r. 6b]nO 3aKpenJleHO npaBO fVVK.1IiIH
nepCll8DaTb CBOH cnopbl 0 npaBe rpa)l(ll8HCKOM Ha paccMoTpcHHe Tpe-
Teclwro cy.na. B nepHOll H3na 31)' 4JopMY HCnOJlb30BanH '1aCTHble
npellnpHHHMaTeJlH. 3aHI-ITepeCOBaHHble 13 TOM. 'lT06bl I1X cnopbl no
KOMMep4ecK('J'" onepaU(\HM He CTaJ1H JJ.OCTOHHHeM r.naCHOCTI1. B H8'1aJ1e
30-x ronoB npownoro BeKa 6b1J!H 06pa30BaHbl .nBa nOCTOIIHHO .neHcT-
13YIOW(\X Tpen:ikKHx cy.ua - MopcKall 8p61ITpIDKH811 Ko"mCCHJI H
Bl-leWHeToproB811 ap6HTpa)KHall KOMHCCHII.
CywecTBoDanH onpelleneHHble npellenbl HcnOnb30BaHHJI Tperet1cKot1
$OpMbI cYllOnpO('J38OJJ.cnH. flepBOHa'laJIbHO roCYllapCT13eHHbIM npen-
npHSlTHSIM 6blJlO 3anpeweHO npH6eraTb K nOMOWH l'peTei1cKoro cy.ua.
38TeM 33npeT pacnpocTp8HI1J1H H8 KOJIX03b! H OpraHl\3aLlHH C HX Y4a-
. f:;;;.u;!:-llOK.1lall Era MncpaTopcKoMY BCnH'lCCTBY Ie npHno;t(cHHIIMH)
265

CTlJeM. B 1959 r. 6blJlO llOnyw.eHO $OpMHpOB<lHHe TpeTeiicKHx Cy.u:OB
D.nS! pa3peWeHHJI KOHKpeTHblX X03.11HCTBeHHblx cnopOB Me)l(JlJ' IOpHJ1H'Ie-
CK(JMHJ1HU8MH.
Ha'l8Tb!H ewe 13 CCCP npouecc 06pa30BaHH.II TpeTCnCKI1X Cyn.OB B
HaCTOllwee BpeMS! HJ1eT 1l0CTaTO'!HO IfHreHCHBHO. 8KTHBH3HpyercS! HX
lleJlTeJlbHOCTb. 1303paCTaer KOJlH'IeCT130. ECTb 06'bJlcHJIIOWI1e :no JllIJJe-
HHe npH'IHHb]: 3aKpbIToe npOH3BOnCTBO H nODb]WeHHble rapaHTHH co-
xpaHeHHJI KOM",ep'lCCKOi1 TaHHbl. '1TO B YC.:JOB('JIIX KOHKypCHLlHH HMeeT
HCMaJ10e 3Ha'leHHe. 6blCTpOTa npOLlecca. COKPallleHHe pacXOlIOD Ha Be-
lleHHe lleJl. flbl60p Yll06Horo llJIJI CTOpOH MCCTa 11 Bpe"'eHI1 pn6l1pa-
TenbcTBa. CneLlHaJ1H3aLlI1J] ap6HTpoB H T .n.
Ee3YCJIOBHO, nepe'll1CJ1eHHble npH'!HHbl 13 Onpe11eJlCHHOA CTenCHH
cnoco6cmyJOT pOCTy nony.'IlIpHOCTH TpCTCt1CKHX CYllOB. npe>Klle Beero
cpe11H Y'!8CTHHKOB npellnpHHI1MaTeJlbCKOn neIlTenbHOCTH. CpellH rpmK-
llaH TpeTeHCKoe p836HparenbCTBO nOKa B nOJlHOH Mepe He pa313I1TO
110 HenaBHcro BpeMeHH 13 POCCJlHCKOH 4IellepaLlHH neHCTBOBanH 11113
OCH013HbIX JaKOHOllBTeJlbHblX 8KTa 0 "fJJerei1cKHx cYD.ax. ynpBBOMO'leHHble
pacCMa"fJJHBaTb KOH4>-'IHKTb] 13 X0311JicmeHHon c4Jepc: BpeMeHHoe nono-
>KeHHe 0 "fJJereHCKOM cyne Mil pa3peWeHHJI 3KOHOMH'IeCKHX cnopOB.
yrBCp)l(j{eHHoe nOCT<lH08l1eHHeM BCpxOBHoro COBera POCCl1iiCKOJ:i 4Icne-
paLlHH oT24111OHJI 1992 r Ng 3115-1 (n,aJIee - Bpe"teHHoe n0J10;KeHHe)l.
H 3aKOH PoecHi1cKoH 4Ie.nepaLlI1H ..0 Me)l(JlJ'H<lponHOM KOMMep'!ttKOM
ap61rrpa>Ke- OT 7 HIOJIS! 1993 r (D,aJIee - 3aKoH 1993 r.)2. npl1MeHHTenb-
HO K .u:ellTeJ1bHOCTI1 "fJJerei1cKHx C}f1lO8 no pa3peweHI11O cnopOB MeJIi.lly
rp8)l()]aHaMH D.e1«:TB0BaJ10 flOJlO)KeHHe 0 "fJJeTeHCKOM cy.ne. cywecroo-
BaBWee II IIH11e flpHJlO;Ke1iHJI Ng 3 K fnK PC$CP
3aKOH 1993 r CT<L'I nepBblM t:.1\HHblM HOpMBTH13Hb!M ....ooM. perYJ1I1-
PYIOIUHM OpraHI13aUHIO H D.eIlTeJlbHOCTb Me)l(JJ.yHapO.1lHOrO ToprOBoro
8p6lnpa)l(8, CneLlHaJ1bHO 13b1J!enHBWHM Me)l(JlJ'H8pO!1HbIH KOMMep'!e-
CKI1H ap6lfIT.WKHbll:t CYD. (MKAC) H MOPCKYIO ap6HTpa>KHyJO KOMHC-
CHIO (MAK) npH ToproBo-npoMblwJlCHHot1 naJlaTe P$
B IillCTOllwce BpCMJiI BMeCTO Bpe",eHHoro nOflO)l(eHH] 1992 r. H
npl1nO;KCHI1S! Ng 3 rnK P$ npHHJlT 3aKoH ..0 rpeTCflCKHX cynax 13
POCCHi1CKOt1 4IenepaLlH('J" OT 21 HIOHJI 2002 r. (.na.n.ee - 3aKOH
2002 r.)3. perYJlHpylOwHH nellTenbHOCTb TpeTet1cKHx CYllOB. KOTopble
C03Jl81OTCS! H8 -reppI1TOpHH P$ (n I CT. I) lleticT13He :noro 3aKOH8 He
pacnpOCTpaHJleTC.II Ha Me)l(JlJ'HapOllHblH KOMMep'leCKHH ap6lnpa)K. K
I(QTOPOMY npOllOJlJKaer npl1MeHJlTbCli 3aKOH 1993 r.
1 BeiJa"ocmu CM'31Ia HapOi1HbIX i1CnyT.lToo Poccfli!cKOI! o!Ie.nepalJHlIli BepXOBHoro
COBeTaPoccHikKoiio!le.nepaL1HIf 1992 NQJO CT 1190
1T8M>KC
JC3P<!:> 2002 NQJO CT JOl9
266

KpOMe YKa3aHHbiX 3aKOI-IOB, npaBoBoti CTaTYC TpeTeHCKI1X cy.nOB
OnpelleJlJlIOT TaK>Ke OTlleJIbHble nonO;KeHHSI npoueCC}'aJ1bHoro 3aJ<0I-lo.l18-
nnbCTBa - AflK P$ 11 fflK P$. HOpMbl OTlleJlbHblX 8KTOB MarepH
aJ1bHO-np3aOBoro COllep)l(3HI1J1.
HCJIO TpeTeHCKHX cyllef"i npH paCCMOTpeHHH KOHKpeTHoro JleJla
llOJI>KHO 6blTb He4eTHbiM CropOHbl 13npaBe OnpeneJIHTb Kon('J'leCTBeH-
Hblti COCTa13 C}'lla. Ho eCJlH OHlJ :TIoro He c.aeJlaJ1H. npHMeHJIeTCH 06mee
npaBl1no, COfJlaCHO KOTopOMY lu6('JpalOTC.II (H83Ha'IaIOTCII) Tpl1 C}'JlbH
(CT. 93aKOHa 2002r.)
nOp.llLlOK $opMHpOBaHH.II COCTaBa TpeTeiicKoro cYJla llJI.II pacCMOT-
peHH.II KOHKpeTHOrO cnopa per.naMeHrnpOBaH CT. 10 3i1KOHi1 2002 r. C
Y'leTOM BHll8 TpeTeHcKoro cYJla. B nOCTOIIHHO .neHCTBYIOIUeM cy.ne OH
npeJlycMOTpeH npaBHJlaMH pefJIaMel-lTa (n0J10;KeI-lHJI). 13 cyne pa30BoM -
3aBHCHT OT nO)l(eJIaHHi1 CTopOH, PYKOBOllCTBYIOIUHXC.II pa3HblMH MOTH
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80M OnpCllCJIHTb TaKYIO npoucllYPY HJlH pa30WJlHCb 130 MHCHHJlX. TO npH
COCTaBe TpeTei1Cl<oro cy.ua 113 Tpex cyJleH Ka;t{ll811 cropOHa Ha3Ha'iaer no
onHoMy cy.u:be. 8 llB3 nOCJle!lHHX H36HpalOT TpeTbero. KOTOpblii 3aTeM
13b1CT)'naer l<aK npencaTeJIb COCT3Ba.
B Te'lCHHe 15 JlHeti nOCJIe nonY'leHHH npocb6b1 OT npOTIJBOnOnO)l(HOH
CTOpOHbl cTopoHa llOJI)I(Hi1 Hd3EIUb TpcTet1cKoro CyD.blO, KOTopblH BOharT
B KO.lUlerHIO, JIH60 BblllBHHyrb HJlH COrJlacHTbclI C npeDJIO)l(eHHoi1. K8HllH-
.naTYPoH ellHHOnH'IHOrO Cy.nbH. TaKOIi >Ke CpOK YCTaHOBJIeH D.BYM CYllbllM
Mil H36paHHSI 'TpeTberO ECJIH H8.!lJle;KaWl1e neric'mrul He COBepweHbl.
TpeTeiicKoe npOH3DOnCTBO npeKpaJl18eTClI. H 3aHHTepeCOBaHHoe JIHUO
MO;KeT COCTaBHTb no lI3HHOMY cnopy HCKOBoe 3a11l1JJeHl1e H HanpaBHTb
ero KOMnereHTHOMY CYDY 06weti IOpHCllHKUHH -:nH npaBHJla no cyweCT-
BY OTKpbIDalOT cTopoHe. nO;KenaBweti YKJlOHHTbClI OT pa35HpaTeJlbCTBa
lleJIa B cync ad hoc. 003\1O>KHOCTb aHHYJIl1poBaTb nyreM npOCToro 6e3-
lleiicTBHJI paHee 3aKJIlO4eHHoe elO cor.naweHl1e. 3TO pa3pywaeT onHY H3
H3BeCTHbiX OCHOB MexaHH3M8 TpereHcKoro np0I13BOllCTBa. 8 HMeHHO TaK
Ha3bIDaeMYIO 6e30T3bl13HOCTb "fJJerei1cKoH (ap6Ulpa;KHOH) orOBopK(J, T.e
HC.I\03BOJleHHOCTb OTKaJa or Hee no 6e3MOTH13HOMY yC"'IOTpeHHlO CTopO-
Hbl. Ho CCTb lJ onp.tBllblBalOlJ..[He non05Hoe OTcrynJleHHe MOTHITbl. OHH
CBOllHTCH K TOMY. 'l.TO 60nee CHJlbHaJl cTopoHa MOrJIa npHHy.nHTb D.PyrylO
3aKJIIO'IHTb TpeTeiicKOe COfJIaWeHl1e pa3JIH'IHbIMlJ cnoc06aMH.
Eo BCIIKOM cn)"lae HMeeT MeCTO HecoBnaueHHe MeTonOB IJJOpMHpO-
BaI-lHH TpeTeticKHx CYD.OB ad hoc 11 nOCTOIIHHbIX. PerJlaMeHTb] nocnell-
HHX npellycMaTpl1D81OT MexaHH3Mbi Ha3Ha'leHHSI 06bl'lHO pa3JIH'lHbI),tH
1l0Jl>KHOCTHbIMH JlHU8MH TperctiCKHX cyncH. KOma. :Horo HC lIenalOT
CTOpOHbl HJlH JlBoe CYlleti He l136Hp3lOT "fJJCTbero l . CnenoB3TeJlbHO, HX
6eJ1lei1cTBlJe llBH>KeHHJI npouecca He npeKpaJlJarT
ICM. HBnp),[Mep' Tpemt'iicIwii CYI!. 3BKOHQJI:ITeUbCTBO rlpaKT),[KB Km.MeHTIlpl1H I
Cocr It aBTop KOMMCHTaplteB E.A. BItHorpMoBa. M. 1997. C 200.2"2:1.256-257.
290-291
267

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