Автор: Kamel M. Hassancin A.
Теги: linguistics arabic language
Текст
Л1
Let's Chat in i
Arabic
I
i
Yalla- Ndardish bi-learabi
Let’s Chat in
ARABIC
A Practical Introduction to the Spoken Arabic
of Cairo
Ahmed Hassanein
Ph. D. in Arabic
Princeton University, U.S.A.
Mona Kamel
M.A. in Arabic
The American University in Cairo
INTRODUCTION
The central aim of this Arabic version of Yalla Ndhardish bi -
Lgarabi is essentially the same as that of the English version: to present the
basics of Egyptian Colloquial Arabic speakers to students and to provide
them with adequate and functional exercises in order to enable them to
speak and understand Egyptian Colloquial Arabic in the shortest possible
lime.
However, the Arabic version was conceived as a means of
facilitating this task for students who had already taken some Arabic at the
university level and who were therefore already familiar with certain
aspects of the literary ( Fusha ) language. It was felt that in the case of these
students, much time and effort could be saved when the Egyptian
Colloquial language was presented hi a form already recognizable to them.
Indeed, due to the common morphological basis shared by the literary and
colloquial languages, presentation in Arabic script could afford immediate
recognition of vocabulary and other syntactic features. Thus, for example,
the student could recognize that “dawa” (medicine) V was masculine (not
feminine) as it way sound, and therefore required a masculine modifier or
predicate nominative, i.e. “('_и "j " j-A IjxJ "The word’s derivation
from the fusha is also easily recognizable). Similary, recognition, of
verb forms (ie. I, IV, VIII ... etc) would come quicker and easier. It was in
pursuit of advantages such as these that we decided to have Yalla rendered
into Arabic script instead of transliteration.
However, since at its origin the Arabic script was not devised to suit
the needs of Egyptian Colloquial, there are certain limitations that
accompany its use. Particular among, these is the problem of certain vowel
sounds and combinations not found hi fusha as well as the spirantization of
certain consents in the colloquial language. Thus, for example, in reality
there is no way of representing the colloquial word for ‘voice’ in Arabic
script. The word " " is only an approximation since the word is actually
pronounced ‘sewt’ when spoken. Likewise, the word MASALAN (^—*)
has a spirantized ‘th’ sound not represented at all by the Arabic script.
Helping vowels and stress patterns are also problematic in this regard.
Hence, it might be suggested that the Arabic version not be taken as
an hidependent and self-sufficient work. Rather, it will almost certainly
prove to student’s advantage to use it in conjunction with the English
version when needed.
The completion of the Arabic version of Yalla is due to the efforts of
many people. In particulate, credit must go to CASA Executive Director,
Mr. Sherman A. Jackson who took an idea that been talked about but never
acted upon for nearly a decade and helped convert it into the present work.
Special credit must also go to Mrs. Nagwa Hedayet, who actually took on
the painstaking task of transliterating the entire text. The care and skill with
which she carried out this task cannot be overpriced. Dr. John Swanson
was indeed helpful in making certain administrative arrangements
necessary to the completion of the work. Finally, we wish to thank all of
our students in both A.L.U. and CASA for their insightful comments and
suggestions given over the years. It is with these students in mind that this
project was undertaken.
Mona Kamel
Ahmed Hassancin
Tabic of Contents
Lesson Content Introduction Title of Conversation Page i-ii
One This is 1
This is not Greetings 9
Two The Definite Article 11
Singular Subject Pronouns How to address People in Cairo The Weather 21
Three There is This is not Pronominal Suffixes on Nouns 23
Stress Making Acquaintance 34
Four Review 36
Review 40
Five Past Tense 41
Forms : he , she , they In a- Casino 56
Six Past Tense (coni) Forms : I, you (m.s.), 58
you (f. s.) Chatting 68
Seven Past Tense (cont.) Forms : you ( plur.), we Pronominal suffixes with 70
verbs. The usage of “ he said to him”. In a Taxi 80
Eight Review 81
My Academic Life 84
Nine Numbers, Money, Time 86
At the Grocery Store 95
Lesson Content Title of Conversation Page
Ten These, Those Singular, dual and plural 97
nouns.
How to count At the Doctor’s Clinic 105
Eleven Adjectives, Comparative Adjectives of color 108
The Relative Pronoun At a Wedding 117
Twelve Review 120
Chatting 123
Thirteen The Imperfect 125
I. WithModals With the Broker 133
Fourteen II. The Present Continuous and 135
Habitual Tenses
III. 'Hie Future Tense About Studies 146
Fifteen IV. and V. Unmodified 148
Imperfect My Visit to Cairo 157
Sixteen Review 159
Leisure Time 163
Seventeen Participles 165
Chatting 173
Eighteen Imperative With the Maid 175
182
and the Cook
Nineteen Review 183
With the Director 187
Twenty Conditional Sentences 189
Proverbs The Summer Program 194
Glossary ( 1 ) English - Arabic 1
Glossary ( 2 ) Arabic - English 19
LESSON ONE
4jjx<aAJI 4illl
Sounds of the Egyptian Colloquial Language
(Vowels)
(Consonants)
(a) walad
(a) kitab
(i) bint
(1) mudfr
L oi (ii)sura (u)kursi
(e) bet сш (e)emta
(o) omm
:( Drills)
1. Repeat the following consonants first with the vowel/а/, then/ a/,
i.e. long/a/:
t
2. Repeat with the vowel /и/,
then / u/,i.e. long/и/:
<5 J c C
и» £ й j
3. Repeat the vowel /e /,
then /e/,i.e. long /e/:
J t
4. Repeat with the vowel /о/,
then / о/,i.e. long/о/:
J Sr1 и
5. Repeat with the vowel /i/,
then /1 /,i.e. long /i/:
u t
-3 •
In Arabic, there is no marker used to indicate the indefinite article
(the English /а/ or /ап/ ).
Each indefinite noun in Arabic means one item,
(a book) (e.g.)
(an embassy) i
There are two genders in Arabic:
Masculine and Feminine. Most feminine nouns end in /а/.
( Repeat please )
Feminine Nouns
Masculine Nouns
a picture a book USS
a notebook a desk, an office <__L1 Sa
an ashtray a pen 13
a lighter a door L_jl J
a watch аЫ u> a window ^111
a lamp a chair »
a room a house Cj jj
a wall 4 V, t-v a street
a table a lesson
a holiday ® jbd work, business Ji-2
floor GK’J a dictionary
a party A.,..Ito a classroom (J—
a blackboard chalk
a university AjojLx
Feminine Nouns
Masculine Nouns
a lady Cj— a man
a girl C_uj a boy Л-Jj
a student (f.) a student ^Jlt
an employee (f.) an employee i ah j a
a director (f.) » a director
a secretary (f.) a secretary
XXX a soldier
an officer (f.) an officer Kit
a professor (f.) - . 4 fi jli-u 1 a professor , 'I JUuil
a teacher (f.) « a teacher l>“ э-^
-5 -
this (inasc. sing.) (da) oj
this (fem. sing.) (di)
This is a book. oj (e.g.)
This is a picture
N.B.: No verb “to be” (i.e. “is, am, are”) is used in a
present time subject — predicate sentence.
1-Listen and repeat; :l $ j Д 9 1 усдлл!
(m) (i)
L_>tSS Oj
Aujkil Ji—15 «>□
A Уил (_£□ L—ll J oj
4-^Slj oJ
л
oJ
A tL (Jj K—J jSa 6 J
2-Continuc, using the same pattern: jAjjjjlall (jjiftlj 1
*• > (JJ j — 1
CH J^4 •Jib j^jSluC.
ojJla Cl A4J L_J
dШ
6
What ? V <_□!
Who ? V C^
3. Teacher can use ? »□ aJ and possibly V aJ »> or
У — V*
or V <J (_$ j pointing to some objects available in class .
e.g.: T. V eJ ajI ( pointing to the door ) .....S.
.L-jlj о J
Similarly, ? or V o-j (referring this time to a
person in class.)
( Mr. Ali)
(Miss Hoda)
. ___1c. Audi 6J :
. jjM A_uijfyl : l_JUa
? oj (jj-a
v (3-j
4 -Negate
( This is not a book)
:l>jl - £
_______E ьл
aLI jS (_$□
A'illh (_5-Э
• l5j
. J____lj oJ
Yes
No
Not
Notice the difference in intonation between:
5-Answer the following questions as
indicated:
6-Answer the following using
the words provided:
; AullaJI ^Ic- — °
(* )
() V <—и£л оЛ
A) V L_)l J Oj
A) ? о(Jj
a> ? jbuJ о J
() ? 4'illIn
A) ? оЛ
() V Д JJ oJ
(° ) V A-jjcSJ
/ ' 4 \
() ". AjuaLzi. (_$J
A"'!no 1 V
(W ? AjI oj
() V <J
(-^) ? ОЛ4 o L
8
'* 0^° l5j
? A__________il oO
4___________>1 oO
•4
-9-
d : ,^1^1 Aid л.,аП
The First Conversation: Greetings
Good morning, Sir ( Mr.) • Li _jjA1I ~’
Good morning. ( Response ) • x
Hello .
Hello, welcome. ( Response )
Good - bye. May peace accompany you . A_«'Xmll 4 с.И» .a ~
( Response to mass. sing.) . 121x1,1. aj ail —
( Response to fem. Sing.) t « l-LaLaJ AMI
( Response to pluv. ) * t i ( (,<xil mJ ) jftxiLaJ ail ~
Welcome ! 1 Sod -
May you (m.) be welcome . . ’eb Sod X
May you (f.) be welcome . . MaI x
May you (pl.) be welcome . . jSSj did x
Good evening. I €-d> ~
Good evening. ( Response ) 1 _)J ill C-Luxa ~
How at e you ( masc.) ?
Fine, thank God. . All .\a\II < x
Fine, thank God. . All Jukll 4 Г.., JJ< X
How are you ( fem. ) ? У ell jl -
Fine , thank God . • АЛ Л-а\ II c AjuUjS x
How are you ( pl. ) ? V J <1 jl -
Fine ( pl.), thank God. . All Xakll < (jjxiu'jS x
Are you (m.) happy ? ? -
Are you (m.) happy today ?
Are you (f.) happy ?
Are you (pl.) happy ?
Yes, Гm fine .
No, I’m not happy .
Please (m.) (do have something)
Please (f.) (do have something)
Please (pl.) (do have something)
Thanks.
(Said by the host to his guest after drinking)
Thanks.
Response, meaning "Don’t mention it".
Enough for now.
See you (m.) tomorrow (in a while)
See you (f.) tomorrow.
See you (pl.) tomorrow.
See you (m.) God willing (Response)
See you (f.)
See you (pl.)
- И -
LESSON TWO
As mentioned before ( on page 3 ), Arabic has no indefinite article,
so each item represents an indefinite noun :
a boy : iJVLo
a girl C.mj
The definite article / il -J /prefixes the noun to make it definite.
the boy aJjll : Jll
the girl ciull
The / —JI /
The / _II / of the definite article is assimilated to the first
consonant of the following noun if that noun begins with
one of the consonants in parenthesis.
c.g.: You say iddars not ildars.
(ин») (ей) (о-) (j) (j) (J) t C (e) (°) ’
(d) <• (d) и 6 - t t (4 (4 W
c5 J —A
1 - Repeat please:
(-*)
(il fasl)
(izzet) Ojjll
Г bull
(il’ard) цй Jtfl
<411111
12-
ejJLiJI
jjidl (the guest) L-JLUxxll AjuoLsJI
j_pll uJUJI 4 'I
(the air) J Lulkll
LA1* 11
the mandarin’s (the lunch) I'xJdl cw
2 - Make the following indefinite nouns definite by introducing the definite
article /J / Assimilate when necessary:
(J jSlnO oj -u — 1
A* t 3txJ Г*—
A_^ji 4.
<_yj—«15 (J—Las 0-1 11
t—i ILL r kIIUlmI — U_J
L jIL
4 юс Ljv jj—iLL Д
4
Д. >1x1^ С,, Д— <—lluS —
□L—. u (3jSLio
xJj (J =4.1 J jl—i
(J—LaS ujlula
3 - Listen and repeat:
beside, near, /gamb / ujjk
next to
there
- 13-
in cs 3 outside J
on C5 inside O J Эь
today t>yjL above, upstairs l3j—s
tomorrow 6 J—Sj under, downstairs Cj 2kJ
now with t—4
after a while * S >. ui Лил by, at the place of a i
and J in front of
behind <
4 - Listen and repeat: и
. 6JJ aLijAaII
/ £ a - 1 - maktab I . ^Jc. JJill
/ il hafla - llela / . <—bill <UkJI
<*
. A___k-jloJI 35 V» 'l УЛ
Where ?
When ?
5 - Teachers can pose questions using items available and students
should look and answer.
м -
(_Ic-
6 - Make sentences using the words provided. Choose from
the vocabulary already learnt:
: cJlkll
Continue:
C->t
7 - Make sentences using the words provided:
- v
-
: uJUJI
: (jjjjAaJI
- Y
: uJUJI
Continue:
- 15-
8 - Answer freely:
г •
V (jj з«__il_SiJI
V i/, J aLji
•' tj' *
v Ся-5 JJ 41Л1
? цД—-ol LXJ^'
9 - Answer as indicated:
16-
Singular Subject Pronouns
He
She ['Г-*
I l-J
You (masc.) o_jl
You (fem.) us—
m
()
m
()
(‘-3)
()
(^)
()
? (_£□—A>
Y J=>___jlla ujljI
10 - Repeat and memorize :
( Meaning) ( Fem.) (Masc.)
Egyptian A JJJUCLA eg J
American 4 jjl
clever • ..Л jLI Д
pleased ШЛА дЛХй
17 -
(Meaning )
tired
present (here), available
lazy
busy
difficult
easy
( Masc. )
def. noun + indef. adj. = a complete sentence
indef. n . + indef. adj. = a phrase (J^Li
def. n. + def. adj. = a phrase
11 - Change from phrases into complete sentences. Notice that a - и
complete sentence of this type here consists of def, n. + indef. adj.:
(m)
“ ж * <
V, Л <^£11
»1| j—j.iaII
___laLuJl A. t
A______________________bll
4___lajpjtxJI 4___jujjA-all
18-
12
Negate the following sentences
by inserting
Л
. J J____) } ^11
. jU_2. члШ
. (_JJ_ucu jlj__М.У1
. 4_~j' dlxJl
. 4_jLaj Cj__mJI
• d—4-M1 (_pi jA_JI
. <, i > >.<n <_jl_S£JI
. e__/bl_ьи 4—JLlall
- 19 “
llow to address people in Cairo / Egypt
To men:
!
Is said to professional doctor. It is also used 1 I—
to address members of university teaching staff.
/
Is said by a pupil or student to his teacher. Also I L_
used to address an employee, or any body who wears European clothes.
Is said to an unknown person, or to some
one during a heated discussion.
Is a polite way of addressing a person formally.
Is said by a junior to his senior, mostly at work.
Also used among friends.
Is usually said to a man who has performed the pilgriamage.
Also said to elderly men, mostly wearing galabiyyas ,
and who bear no other title.
Is usually said to an engineer. Nowadays it is used
to address people who posses technical skills e.g.:
mechanic, an electrician.
Is said to a worker, a conductor on the bus or tramway.
Also said to a waiter in second or third class restaurants and casinos.
Is said to a waiter in first class hotels, (i.e. maitre)
Is said to a skilled worker e.g.: a carpenter, a plumber,
a driver, a cook.
Is said to an elderly person, e.g. the porter, someone
who’s selling things and who wears , not European dress.
i
К
- 20 ~
To Women: •’
Is said to an educated young, unmarried lady ! A——mjjI j
Is said to a married lady. ! L_,
Is said to a professional doctor. 1 a jj 1 j
Is said to a teacher or professor. . t ! о л!-, i a. ijl L,. -j
Is said to an elderly lady or onewho has performed the pilgrimge. ! L_j
Is said to a lady as a form of respect. ! jU L_j
However, intonation plays a great role in determining the meaning.
Sometimes it could give a sarcastic note to the address.
21 “
; >!! ;4 GlMl AjjLxaJI
The Second Conversation: The Weather
think of the weather today?
(H * Я H Q
к it * « * 9
x What do you (m.)
“ “ you (f.) '
" ’ you (pl.)
- Fine.
I think ( it’s ) good.
Not bad.
The weather’s just fine.
Well, not very (good).
xls the weather hot today?
Is it (i.e. the world) hot today ?
- Yes, it is hot today .
x Very hot, or somewhat hot ?
x I think ( it’s ) somewhat hot.
The weather is very hot.
The weather is very hot.
The weather is very hot.
x The weather is not hot.
On the contrary, it’s cold.
xThere isn’t much rain in Egypt.
x There’s no snow in Egypt.
? о <Ajl j <jI x
V _jkll
- 22 ~
x We’re now is summer.
In the morning, it’s not hot.
At noon, it’s very hot.
In the afternoon, it’s somewhat hot.
x In the evening it’s fine. It’s not hot.
But during the day, it is very hot.
x The seasons of the year are four:
Summer, autumn, winter and spring.
We are now in the........season.
- What are the winter fruits ?
x Oranges, bananas and mandarins.
- Then, what are the summer fruits?
x Figs, mangoes and grapes .
- Do you like the summer
or winter fruits ?
x I like both .
. i I rd X
. J 1_____________JjiJI J I—ju
? a—-
♦ - • *
. jj-a j tjl—SJjj X
V IjuiJI clux-ill l_i_________.-Al —
- 23 -
4—
LESSON THREE
There is, there are s
There is not, there are not (£-£•
Both words take only indefinite nouns.
There is a chair here. -La : JIL.
There is no chair here. .La (jLL>
1 - Repeat:
• A_LUI 4__
Teacher and students can practice other items according to their
needs, on the same pattern.
- 24 "
.1____ДА Ajl_______sJn
• 4 1.1111 4. .1ч^ ____14,x
, dj_____u. й.........(_J^________________i3>a
. <211____дД> C i _JUJ (_}Л1 .JI 4 Xi
• o_2 . (-У1—
Teacher and students can use other items according to their needs, on
the same pattern.
Listen carefully and notice the difference in intonation:
V A__Lvdl lr- ojj___1mi ^^3
У L-Aa
- 25 -
(someone)
* 4 uVl l^3l iLd aJ'lujI I ^1L* J — f
4 - Form questions for which the following could be answers:
. (J k-odl t>j—jl X
«• *
V (_J—until (jj~
. 31__iutVI £_a l—jllS ^5 e_>—jl
. dll iA Aa»L> о j J
. i—J. 35 all A____Uli jS о J J
• oJjl—gjll (J-Jj J^a О J—31
. .j—jAll Д32 xA o'j-Ll
- 26 -
5 - Answer the following with : / сн—Л3 /
О
: " Sf " •« —j jl " о jj'
J — 4
6 - Answer using/ / or / сиЛ* Si l‘
* Дл11 : (Jl ,,Лд
: uJlkll
J I JJ
Si .. , : 1 " »J J
7 - Answer using/» ?j/,thcnA/:
8 - Answer freely:
V ,-p_i u .. S41I
and j
also (jl aS
only O1—:
9 — Answer as indicated.
( aSjIjS ) V (jLaS Ajl x
• u'—jS ~
? <^La <jI x
( b J___jf ) V l_>d-----J tiiljui X
. dJI—Li
<_il___
-29
-30 -
Pronominal Suffixes on Nouns :
/sura/ / lamba / 4 / kitab /
his surtu lambitu kitabu.
her suntha • lambitha kitabha
their surithum • lambithum kitabhum
my surti lambiti kitab]
your (m.) surtak tdjjjxza lambitak kitabak
you (f.) surtik lambitik dtixd kitabik
you (pl.) surtiku * lambitku • kitabku
our suritna • lambitna • I н/п] kitabna
1 - In the masculine noun no vowel change takes place when the
pronominal suffixes are added. The long vowel is shortened when the
suffix starts with a consonant. Refer to ‘ Stress ‘ on page 32.
2 - In the feminine noun:
a) The final /а/ becomes /it/, being preceded by two consecutive
consonants.
b) The Л7 of the suffix is dropped for the following persons:
3 rd person masculine singular..........his.
e.g.: sura......surtu
1st poison singular (sama in mas and fem. being the same) ...
my
e.g.: sura.........surti
2 nd person masculine and feminine singular......
yo ir
ej?.j, sura.......surtak
also sura....... surtik
-31-
1 - Fill in the slots adding correct pronominal suffixes:
our my your (pl.) your (f.) your (m.) their her his
<_J_u£
j f flj О—-у
1— J—Lai
-./„I 4 A T
=□ 1
* „ * ' > f
*4.1 (itjl—J LgSjL-J 0_)1 =J
2 - Continue on the same pattern using:
-32-
Strcss
1 - The vast majority or words in Cairene Arabic are stressed on the next to
the last syllable ( or: “ next to the last vowel” ):
: J'—j-o
walad
£a skari
tarbeza
karraru
il lamba
s ikirtera
2 - The last syllable of the word is stressed, however,
a) if it contains along vowel,
e.g: siktera
ustaz ibid
hinak Cja
or:
b) if it ends in two consonants,
e.g: daxalt
karrart
3 - The first syllable of the word is stressed if the word contains
only short vowels and no sequences (pairs) of consonants:
e.g.: ana (I)
katab •<_ katabit alami r, < (he wrote) , '& (she wrote) (my pencil)
-33 -
4 - Ail exception to the preceding rules: if the word is a perfect tense
verb in the third person feminine for example she wrote”,"
and the suffix / it / is followed by a vowel, the Zi/ of / - it/ is
stressed:
( She wrote it). :JLJL
( She saw you ).
( She repeated it).
Remarks:
1 - A word may lose its stress when it becomes part of a phrase in
conversation:
e. g.: gineh + ilia + rub £= gine Ila -rub£ <4?- (75 pt.)
2 - Some words as:
ilqahira taliba 6 A till
anisa 4
are literary words which have not been totally adapted to the
rules of Colloquial pronunciation.
N,B, ; From now on, the stress marker will not be used. It is the
teacher’s task.
-34 -
4^11111 4jjl.iv д!)
The Third Conversation: Making Acquaintance
x What is your name?
( Polite form)
My name is.........-
x Where are you ( polite form ) from ?
I am from America.-
x So, you are American ?
- Exactly so-
x Where do you live ?
( lit. you are a dweller where )
- I live am living in.....
x Which street ?
-.......street.
x What number ?
x Which floor ?
-.......floor.
first
second
third
x Arc you a student or an employee ?
- I’m a student and an employee-
V A_|l (.ALqmiI ! I lit X
V AjI dlj jfiJa -v
Y c.ilaja У j 4^111-1/1—JLla Cjjl X
. <_L__la дд о <_JUa tji —
-35 -
x Where arc you a student in ?
- I’m a student at the university.
x Which faculty ?
- Faculty of.......
History Department
x And where are you an employee at ?
- I’m an employee at.....
x Do you have a phone ?
- Yes.
x O.K. I’ll contact you today.
- And I’ll wait for your call.
x Excuse me (to a man ).
Excuse me (to a lady ).
Excuse me (to many ).
- Please (to a man )
Please (to a lady )
Please (to many ).
? (jj—i uJlL x
. ^3 ASlUa I (_JUa —
V 4__il Sj К X
• ₽»
........... Ад_1£ —
. ___m3
V (jd3 I 1—Ojlj X
............. ~
V (jj_Lti tll-llc. I _io X
ill I idjj d > -v til t—и1з x
(j^ySjlj </1'1л I </1‘1л iTi.il -s til j —
. <A_jjf jo x
. _____jji (jc.
-36-
LESSON FOUR
Review
1 - Answer please: ! ja-SJI V dL2-jl . —g_MJJ . A>3^l Ul £-A I JI. \Ц pl M1A V qjLj иЦл < • >
2 - Negate the following sentences: • 1 (_$л cta^JI ijijl — ° — •> . (J д ХЧ еЛ •. eJj— • cHJ-3—° S—A . t z><a O-jJ . 4А1' . L_iA U_&' . (5^ A—JjpuitA . oj—0 jt—>Sn . j. sisA/i . 3 ran a Vun
-37 -
3 - Answer using * о'й'" :
: 11 e "j I jjjlzk — 3
v i—л_ss
V L_iA 312J
V 4__JUa Ojl
V <£>l_LU (_$Л
v <ini д jkii
V l—l__‘‘X zill ^3
V ^jL-Sjj^I Ojl
v 4_r^ a_ks ij_kii
: diLLzOll aI'uuI I^Ia&I — 4
4 - Form questions for which the following could be answers:
. <—J_У\л11 ^-S _jjXall
. ejj—xza (jl_u S?
• ___SJLjuJ
-38 -
. e'j_ks д u
. dl_4_x^U
. (JJ1_J S’
. oJjtgjJI оjl-Sul (juji-a
5 - Substitute:
. 4.
(i5 )
( L-i&JI t5lc. j
( OjtixJI ,^-3 )
. AjueloJI ^115 JajUall
. <-*|l i» nil j
. 4jl---j£
-39 -
6- Answer as indicated: UJ^jILxaII (_5 j — 6
( 6-4 ) v ( ej jl | jjXall ( S/ ) V Ajljjo Hill (S/) V (»>4) ? it^joi слил ( Sf ) V иехл ojtixa^l ( oj j| J V jI—dj-lll (Si) г ся-i^ >4Ji ( *У ) V AbL-Lk <_JlU (b'j-4 ) Y J_LU ^UJI IAjjiaS. ^jLio 1 WUftx 1 7 7- Listen and repeat for lesson five:
ftj L>^ (jJs (JLiC (Ji J • •
j_jx£. (j*"' * “t cA^3 (JjIj < it Л (jtu> Ч-^J lJ_P
-A A - - - A A
-^1 <—1XJ Ijl c6 £AJJ>
($л*31 •jW (JS yA. JS
_40 -
А- гл| : 4juI >11 <jjl ч all
The Fourth Conversation : Review
Aly: Good morning Hoda ! ! L Jjdll 7" If.
Hoda: Good morning Aly 1 ! L a
How are you today? ill idjjl
Aly: Fine, praise be to God. V f 9 aII aaKH t jjjj
And you?
Hoda: I’m fine too, thanks. . Ij^u c (jbxi A
Aly: Hoda, is there a party tomorrow? V (_5ДА L ojSj aJLx —1c.
Hoda: No, there isn’t. The party’s tonight. .Alilll a 1'14 II .(jikiiA У : a
Aly: Is it at the university, or at the director’s house ? .jj.1a]I duj «bnA-s.ll 1c.
Hoda: The party’s at the .jjAaJI dw aK'-sII : a
director’s house.
Aly: Where exactly is the VJajKJLi ('>13 jjAaII dli i: ,
director’s house ?
Hoda: The director’s house is 11 <. >jXdl duj 5 J 41
near the university.
Aly: What street is it on? V a_J tJL_i :цг_1о
Hoda: Youssef el -Gindy Street.
Aly: What number ?
Hoda: I’m sorry. I don’t know Aj jlc. ("jSlt 0 piill Aj jlc- (Aid 5 J a
the number, but I know •
the house well. . 1/ НлВ
Aly: Can we go to the party V 1 « ui Ahkll 5 jj l<~-
together ?
Hoda: No objection. See you al (')£ AjtiGJl Jdo tils jojjl . A_jLa ( Д11а A
the university. Excuse me now.
Aly: Please ( go ahead ), Hoda. (JdUL dh^uil . L ^iddil 1&
See you tonight, God A a^AUI я_а . jil f.Luu (jl
willing. **- -
Hoda: Peace be with ciLJiu «ц>1 : (j □ a
you (Response ).
-41 -
LESSON FIVE
P e refit tense: f—a / \ / y-
He wrote V
She wrote _k
T hey wrote b i ^_A
Memorize please : -*
Accompanying vocabulary Verbs
early (he) woke up
late (he) entered d—
his face 4—“j (he) washed J—
his hands <—
the bathroom (he) went out
the clothes (he) took off (clothes)
trOUSerS (jj-iknll (he) put on (clothes) lh—J
shirt
coffee (he) drank j—
tea «
bread —j=- (he) ate <J—
eggs ць-??
butter el-jj (he) had breakfast кз
cheese *—ч?-
quickly aL'jLu (lie) went down J j—>
slowly cA>j-A
-42 -
the car Ajjjjdl (he) rode
a bus (he) drove
people j (he) saw
his friend (m.) A (he met)
his friend (f.) 4
his friends 4 il -s I Xll
the stairs (he) went up
a lot; too much & (he) worked
a little Aj^j, x*U
many things JJjSi ClLkLi. (he) made, did
in a restaurant (he) ate lunch
for a while 4jj mi
music (he) rested
song, songs < 4SlU (he) listened
the news jl jA.S/1
a letter
a newspaper (JI (h<) read
a report
very (he) got tired,
or sick
very
very (he) came back, went back (to)
meat <_2J (he) ate dinner
rice JJ
fish .<juJ
t.v. U3—ij&ll (he) looked at,
watched
good, well
bad, badly
the money
and then /wi ba c den/
and after that
1 - Repeat:
* - (he) slept ? 3
cH1— (he) was д'—
(he) came 4 к
(he) looked at (Jo }
(he) went away, walked v—r
(he) spent (money) l_j
j— yesterday CpI—Й'
this morning
-44 -
2 - Complete:
3 - Fill in the blanks with the appropriate verb: : - r
4 - Answer the questions:
— 45 -
y "dJ 'Ч' j
V —xJ (whom) “
y оХД1 cP®
V ftijl_(jJ-----a (JAjj
V 4j a_ui /ya 4-ll <_uS
Negation:
1 - Repeat:
V --------bal (Jjl 4---jl IJ—3
: I jj^-k - '
• U^»’ J-1" (-A—&
-46-
2 - Negate : ; ijl -
—к J-S? J—Luc. (J—a.3 “ '
( Regular verbs do not undergo any change in negation ).
£__> J l—l---(_u—J (Jj—J £—Ha C_1— «-J
( The unstressed / i / between two single constant is omitted
before /c£ /when it does not result in three consecutive
consonants ).
_)SI 3 ch'—2 —
( The long vowel that loses its stress is shortened before / <jS / ) .
t»'—j —* o'—j <-il—« - -1
( The long vowel is shortened before two consonants i. e. before
the negation / / ) •
lai 3j Jak (j-a___________j — —i
( A helping vowel / i / is inserted before the negation
to avoid three consecutive consonants ).
-47 -
( The /17 between two single consonants is omitted before the
negation / ch / when it does not result in three consecutive
consonants, while the final vowel / i/ is lengthened. )
IJ - \
( The first vowel is omitted when adding / ? / as prefix to
avoid two consecutive separate vowels, while the final vowel
is lengthened before/ ch / • )
3 - Negate:
4 - Answer using
then / St / :
I»I :" Si" —} J - *
? LjX
-48 -
Continue:
V (5 j—pL-j
V Ci—JI (jl—к
V 1—11J___JJI I J—3
V ______________“^1 *—
V <-j_lj aJl (J—Аз
— 49 -
she
I katab /
I katab - it /
The majority of Perfect Tense verbs take /it I for the
" " form without any change.
Note the following variant patterns:
1 ( ending Zi/) becomes j—/ sihyit /
2 - ( i - i verbs ) becomes • / shirbit /
3 - cJjVs ( a - i verbs ) becomes cJjla / qablit /
4 - (jbijl ( final /а/) becomes CiSijl / it^addit /
1 - Repeat:
. <c. Cll______________1k *«4l
. j jikll 4 Л11->I1
4 » 4 -ч II C11l—ci. 4____Jib II
. ?__dlAkjl 4
. 1__iA Cli__aIS Cj____JI
-50 -
2 - Change froni
11 to " > " :
J " jA " Ijjlc. - V
-51 -
( with ) . Oj g_3 La A . cj| j (ji \ГЛ La A) . duJI (JU XiXlJ La L5 A . (J * (jl ilkj La A . U £ a La ^ .. Д . ftdjl g-ill (jS jtb. La A . <-_(jl 5ja La a
4 - Answer using " S/ и : : " S/" j ~ i V (ju du v i—iA L_>
(the cafeteria) V (J J J d a La j 4 xo < uj ui V Xal Cj xJl Cj jls V J J Vail Cj Jjta • tur V (juj-i 11 C2a xa£ V 4x.j >u j du uu> ? J J /all diil i ? 1 jjijM^II CjJ Sul
-52 -
they. he wrote they wrote й * £__a
t 'з- ij S jA 1"'^ -kA
The majority of past tense verbs take /11/ form / 1J / for
the " рь ". Note the following variant patterns: 1 - ( ending /i/) becomes / sihyu/
2 - <_ijxi ( i - i verbs ) becomes / shirbu /
3 - JjVa ( a - i verbs ) becomes / qablu/
4- <_$ ( final /а/) becomes 1 jAijl / itf-addu /
-53 -
2-Complete:
3 - Change from 11 У 11 to * 11 •
— 54 -
4 - Fill in the spaces with the appropriate form of verb: Jkill 1A - z
• f
Negation:
In negating the " " form of the past tense
verbs, lengthen the final / u / before /<_>£/..
1 - Repeat:
. -----Ulll Lo
-55 -
2 - Answer using " V "
V
V £_Дхл1 IJ—
V _______Д1 cLuJI IjjlS
3 - Repeal and memorize :
1 -xj
j’J
CA
Jo___Ok
CJ__a.
— 56 -
j *i j jlSJl f * A-uhIaJI AjJLxaII
The Fifth Conversation: In a Casino
Samy : Waiter !
Waiter: Yes, Sir.
Samy :Bring me one tea
please.
Waiter : With sugar and milk ?
Samy : No. Neither with milk,
•
nor with sugar. That is, plain. . <^—41
Waiter : And you Madam, what will V
you drink ?
Nadia : Is there any juice ? V
Waiter : Of course there -ujAj *4^j сДСи I"1’ :
is. We have orange juice, mango and lemon Juice.
Nadia : I want a lemon juice. • : Д—
Quickly please, because
I am in a hurry.
( alter a while )
Samy : How much is the bill,
please ?
Waiter: Il’s only five pounds.
Samy : Here, here’s ten pounds.
Waiter : Do you have change, please ? V <_
Samy : Here you are. That’s six pounds Xl* d^l : —*
-57 -
Waiter : The rest, sir!
Samy : No thank you.
That’s a tip for you.
Waiter : Thank you, Sir .
— 58 -
4. лш [j* jJ
LESSON SIX
Perfect Tense with forms :
o_jl - I—al :
He wrote Li_lS
I Wrote cuis i_ji
You (m.s.) wrote CulS CGI
You (f.s.) wrote
Note the following variant patterns :
* * *
0-Hl * **~а "• j 4 '
N.B.: When elision occurs the first /i/ is dropped in these forms and
the corresponding plural forms.
. j^ljl I Cu Cljl I I jl Г JI xe
__LIS <^1 < CaLIS Ciil I I—j| c JjIS ja — <_j
( Along vowel is shortened before two consonants. )
__iS __jjl i Cl__iS cjjl [ I_il i jA — — __u
**'< у_ill c t'V *л'| ciil [ I_jl c ^»l_j ^A — t
('I'he long vowel / a / is retained in the 3е* person . However, it
is changed into either /u / or /i/ in (lie firs! and 2^
persons.)
* * •
^Tiuzt.) t^ijl < Ciuz-n Cnl I I_il < q-o_j jA — J
(To avoid consonant cluster along / e / is inserted before the
final consonant.)
-59 -
When elision occurs the first /i/ is dropped.
/ intishiti / i/3' ‘ intashit / <
l CjjAijI Ojl / I--jl C (jSijI jA — Y
( i. The final vowel /i / is lengthened before the final consonant.
ii. The final vowel /a / is replaced by / e / before the final
consonant.)
c • - - •
. 3 14 * Cluji О—jl
-60 -
Fill in the blanks with suitable verb ;
Additional verbs ;
He visited jlj He studied (long term)
1 le came c J*k < CjIa. ) He studied (short term)
‘1'-ил He took •
He brought L-jl He played Li *J
He. Finished, Completed He waited He sat down (stayed at) (<?)
He liked, loved uj a He bought (5 JJ—^1
и ( C l. И/А t 1 jks. < С1нк ) He arrived *
He traveled, left *
He put U a He cashed, received (money), collected
- 61 -
3-Change as indicated :
(U)
(Ц)
И)
('^)
(U)
(oal)
W)
(LI)
(Ц)
И)
4-Change as indicated :
(Ll)
(oil)
Ы
M
(Й)
(Ц)
(^)
(LI)
(^)
Й)
,4jj_)k]l Ojjjjjl LI
.La <_jL£JI ok~>.
- 62 -
Negation:
In addition to the general internal changes already mentioned in
lesson 5 , 4 ojl < bl verb forms undergo the following basic changes :
Notice the addition of the helping vowel I i / before / ch / to avoid three
consecutive consonants
• (jr^1
Notice the shortening of / e / before /J^ I.
: cjLSyi -Г :
Notice the lengthening of the final vowel / i / before the / ch / .
- 63 -
. l—jtSSjl (jjij । za
6- Answer using / 4/
Cajl
V О j'Jl
-64-
. t. i~i^ i L«
(Egypt )
8-Fill in the blanks :
2ЛЫ jAJI 1^1 -Л
(museum)
when ?
when .... CJ
about... ago C^'j^ L>*
approximately Ецй
or for how much V AjI 'J
-65-
Notice :
jxuil (Jjta
9-Answer in complete sentences using words , phrases or sen ten ces
provided :
(t ')
V ("jJ-el Ojlii'Jl J .й1
?AjI I^Gc- I i/i G л*и
•‘ L«i cU
? (^iel JJ-i-aJl CaLljj 'lsa
QUjXaJI GJ)
(Д_и L| Д;)
uJlj* i>)
- 66 -
Possession and Association
There are two ways of denoting the basic relationship of possession
or association between objects / persons :
1 - The “Construct” phrase :
The word order is reversed , compared with English .
e.g : The director’s office .
becomes : (The) office of (the) director.
. L, : (Jliu
No word is used to translate “of ” . The first term of the “Construct” can
NOT have the definite article .
(The) office (of) the director.
(The) bag (of) the girl.
(The ) books (of) the professor
(The) professors (of) the university
oLii кйл
• • <
2- Using: (pl.) (fem. ) (mas.)
ilmaktab - bta £ - i - Imudir / ISj ц.hCLJI ;
ilshanta - bta £t - i - ibint
ikkutub bitu £- i - il’asatza jijLjyl £J44 ! p*i^ll
or / ikkutub bita t - i - 1’asatza aiaLAh Дх-laj jl
il’asatza bitu £- i - gam £ a / 4» ?> 11 ojjLu>yi
Notice : (i) - The possessed object comes first and must have the definite
article.
(ii)- With non - personal nouns , use : jb J <&tu
-67-
:(vice versa) qu&II .4 / /-• —* "Construct" Ijjjg-*
.OLaj S'jljuJI
. dh'& (jtu (J*i .a ill Iuj jluLu\/l
. jtuZ/l U_jU£ Oii. Lj|
(food)
( Canada)
. 1д1£ о jl
(e) ’Л3!
- 68 -
The sixth conversation : Chatting
What did you (m.) do yesterday?
Nothing , I stayed at home.
Were you at home all day?
No . Only till about 2 o’clock.
What did you do at home?
I studied a little in the morning ,
and then I listened to music , and I
talked to my friend .
And what did you do after that?
I felt bored , I went out , I went to
the club.
What (game) did you play there?
1 played tennis with my trainer ,
and 1 ran a little.
Then where did you have lunch?
1 had lunch at home , as soon as I
returned.
What time did you have lunch?
Around five o’clock.
. a' u <t aaLuJI
That was very late , why?
Because after the club , I went to
the market , and bought a few
things : meat, tomatoes and rice .
Then I returned (home) and cooked
them myself.
У jlxql Ajl L
iJjla I-Uill t->iS
. Lu^pij IjAil Xic-L-JJ CLkl < V
AjI
У Ac-LlJI dyjijl
УА£ aJ « <зА 3
-69-
A: You / yourself made the food
yourself?
B: Of course ! Is that strange?
(jkyi Lioc 031 :i
! LAL> ;<_j
A: No, not at all ! But thank God I
didn’t visit you yesterday !
! aJJ .Лжь II i Iaji t И
- 70 -
Lesson Seven
Perfect Tense with :
jljl — lid
He wrote i-_u£ y.
We wrote LbJ
You (pl.) wrote jUl
The perfect tense 1st person plural U—is formed as may be seen , by
adding/-na / to the 3rd person mas . singular
For the 2nd person jl—jl, the perfect tense is formed by adding (- 1,) to
the 3rd person masculine singular .
The change (s) already mentioned applies to verbs on the pattern of
t I 13 i .....etc.
- 71 -
. Ljj'j ICI
2- Change from /,?* /to / ; "La.1 " Г$А" /я l }^-V • , сил! ♦ * .4j^j£ (JjuLil • i5jC cCa j . (2^ _->sCu ,’dJJL 4^ /CxhjCJI jij . cjUU
3- Change from / > /to / I.hI/: ; j\ &\J ... -J [^1
(to his friend) .4J-XCal l-jl ja. L.xiS " 11 -9 .Cuijkll jLs.yi . <uj qjj jiiliJI j£jl •L^
.AjuaLJI (Ji-Л (j-e 11 uT>
ujtiS Ijs
(in the laboratory) . JALJl Да uLS
4SualUl 4a.
.ja-ull Li£j
-п-
last week oli £jJJtfl
last month ols^l
last year diili AjlJI
Saturday C-iXuJI
Sunday / il - hadd /
Monday / litnen/ d^1 (»Я
Tuesday o>dji
Wednesday / larba t/
Thursday f-M
Friday А-ж.аа.11 ^»_yJ
: ( Written)
t'il nl£j| JLaxIuiIj I }La>~ t
4-Answer using the words given :
(Gkdl)
V <“ ш JI ajj (jas lysk j : (JCU
(j^)
(eJJA)
(oti j*®)
(oU
(C£5li ЯХЛ)
C^I fJJ)
V CjbUl jajJ AjI Ijjyjliil
V yial jLJa I
V I j*il
? U5<11 I
X •* *
V (^«1
V AjuetbJI I
f ^jjLal
-73 -
5- Change as indicated :
:(required) o?llxJI I $ ^-o
(>) i_il j2>. Lu£ jl
(Я CLiiLm
(Ll) 4111 0-*1 f’- 5^
R <C.^)X4J (“.bull Lil
(R • V • liA i e? - -
(R \'Д
0>4) oA У1
f>) •l>4 lRh O'jJai LI
(R cj^iLuj ^_л
(_£!) . 4_)^uj 0-°
The months t
M (')
*чк^ J^Li
f t » ’(julxuuil z *
• » ,*f ’ijwjL»
* •• _yjLo
4<*i
6- Substitute as shown :
; JHaJI ] I $J.1i x^l—1
.<Jjj j4-»i (=-i 1x^1
• •spja </ -:-^—
-14-
-Negate :
: I »UI—V
((he library , the bookstore) . 4X11
j(X!I IjjjjS jSjI
(jacket)
(cold water)
• t-**-11*1^1 ~S I 1 nl Л I *^1
- 75 -
: 4-1ДЫз| Jlxii
he sent C1i*j he understood
he carried , took away JLS he spoke (with) (ё)
he borrowed (a book) jlxjlul he spoke (to)
he borrowed (money) • «1» he sold
he stood, stopped i—is j he paid
he got fed up he won, gained Li—£ •
he was glad .Il U4/il jl he lost
he became happy • • Vi t-Ц. 1 )| he ran
he cooked • * he was born Jyil
he left (trans .v.) C-lLuJ he learned was educated ^Ixjl
8- Answer using/ о я' /'• : " oVJ" ... - _1 1 p ita.— A
V jUl
V ^-a IjjLilSjl yijl
У 11A Ijj'Jjjl j.’jl
V jjXoB jjjSj Ijip I pjl
S' <Lii£ JI (2и 4^ I jj jxj-uiI pjl
t' r
V dllu> I p»Suul
* *
V , J IC I «IaLuiI
V 0jj I pis 5
v i^siij _pji
-76-
9“ Answer as indicated :
(4ДЦЛ
((_}4j Ail)
(^i*
(cjlSSLa.)
(° J?.1)
; <| pUxdl t$ j I jLx — Я
Y uzjll (jiS IjiiS
Y 4j| IjieLul
J*
Y (jlS i_uSJI I JJAmI
Y <)l
(hotel) V
Y c£J-b IjSjau-л
(Mt£)
(the bank) (^'
Y AjI
Y 0^ I jjJ-ui
Y 3 lik 11 I jKmiuI
Y 04Tj.111 £}a IjjSa j
-Т1 -
Pronominal suffixes with transitive verbs follow the same rules used with
nouns , with the exception of the 1st person singular which becomes / ni /
instead of / i /.
i—: JlLi
/ kallinini /
♦The transitive verb is the verb that takes an object without using any
preposition .
/mi - Imaktaba /
j—L_ihliL» dul
- 78 -
L1A lH^A jlLiLa jjjl
jlxal (ji^L* j Le jA
He said to him. <J JIS jA
cc cc cc her. и Jis "
cc cc cc them . Jis "
cc cc cc me . (^JIS -
cc cc cc you (m.). •<iU JIS “
cc cc cc you (f ). ’<^JIS "
С L cc CC you (pl). JIS '
I ct cc cc us. Id JIS “
... that
. (jl a) JIS jA : (JIX>
He told him that the tea is expensive .
l>.u£
и
• 4JJ l*~l>dl (jl (^J (Jli jA
.t> jSj a jU.VI (jl (Xfl JIS jA
.<}ia. Ah'd, i—jLmaJI Jjl dills ’s_A
-79-
. ajliulll £-| J Ajl Lil 3^
• - > - •
. ^jj2i clili j illil c'-’.iVa ciiil
-f •* •
, ^AaJI < ' Г& 4 (jl til jill
. <k 4jl j£J Lila li>.l
.dJLlA (jl-a _jjAa1I (jj ulila Lil
4 •' »
fCxull ^jLa jpl Lil jib jiji
.(Jjjuuia tiLsI 4=1 C. lb LjI
-80-
The Seventh Conversation : In a Taxi
A: Are you free ?
B: Get in please . Where to ?
А: Г am going to Ma^adi.
B: Fine , with pleasure .
Where to exactly ?
A- Do you know Ma^adi well ?
B: Frankly, no.
A: Never mind . I’ll show you
When we arrive.
A: Good. Turn left from here.
Left, please . After that, right.
Right. Good . Straight ahead,
please . Can you possibly go slower
here?
B: Fine.
A: We’ll stop at this house.
That’s fine . There’s the money . Thank
you
B: It’s a pleasure good bye
A: Good bye.
V hini l-| yjJali d
V (jjl ‘ J •Lr1
V(_^jLuall jxjlj bl d
* •
<J£j < :i_j
V JajlaJlj qjJ
‘COCtll c •Lr1
4111 d
- 81 -
AujLaS t pi 1^
Lesson Eight
Review A
1-Answer using / St /;
: V 41 th.- \
V jlial I5L
? jjiiS cjL^La. I jjlil
V £ jlxal I—jlya. С1ш£ ^A>
\ pS_jl fl 'll (_}Uj-ali)l Ci ixa. dui
И- ' ' '
* f* • •
? ^xllLa ClxL_*a j LjI
•» * <*
? £_a Ci 1.1-a. dljl
2- Answer freely :
9£ij£ /jrlc
9 •
У La Jju 4_ll СлУае-
•• • и
V (_xj-JI t—^1 j
V cjU ylll jjLiS/I LhH t4
# - **
У 1Aiul (j-4 (jjJ l_>L£
V L1a C ija. L« (2yi <—^xj
• •
V jAlSlul (>* jjiJ Ijij^
Z f I* »•
V • j'^v* f Я ()? ' A';
’'j* '
V qjM-A 0.H •JlCr l—
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3-What did you do yesterday ?
V ^-jlxal 4j| t-HS'f--—Y“
4-(To the student) :
Add here the perfect verbs you would like to use :
.: ДЛиМ .Др I ; t (gj 4 iL£xJI I Q
5-Comprehension : Listen to this story and answer the questions :
. 42x11 4bUI i tJI 5 jls-l oli ^111
. (jLui . udJL/jll Уч1]|
- 83 -
V 4тojK.1
V ЯЬ-LKI aKjJI У 5-lxLUI 4j jjl£ У 0^ Cy3 (>» Ч-^J Y XjL 0jy_JAuJI v l>3 »jip 1 V С.ЛлагЛ ? OjlS ЯК. jll ? 4_p ^-Ke (how?) ? j* V 1 yK
6-General questions : ; AKLo 41KiI У ЯКj / oK.jj jlK ^ijl / ckI V tJb>l V (JX4 £_a У (jdi СК J
У 4jL iKj
У 4jl ClibS
X
V (_xel С'.й.р. j
• • •
V Cjla-M44jl
- 84 ~
jdJI / «uLk ; 4-хд1д31
The Eighth Conversation : My Academic Life
I was born in a small town in Egypt.
My father was a government employee,
my mother was a housewife.
I have an older brother , and a sister
who’s three years younger.
When I was six ,
I entered an elementary school.
There I studied Arabic , arithmetic,
science , history , geography as well
As religion I stayed in that school six
years.
When I was twelve,
I entered a preparatory school, where
I studied English , algebra , and
geometry . After three years 1 got the
preparatory certificate.
and entered a secondary school.
In the secondary school I studied
chemistry , physics and maths .
(and the like)
- 85 -
After three years I passed the final
exams and went to university .
I liked studying at the university
very much because it’s independent
and interesting.
I got tire B.A. with highest honours
and was appointed instructor in
the faculty from which I graduated.
ia. id
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1 pi
LESSON NINE
Numbers , Money & Time: : ЯЫ Л ti pi
A. Numbers : : Jljbyi -1
Memorize : : 1 jlaikl
6 • 1 (m.)
7 * • 1 l(f.) eAaJj
8 • f AjjLoj 2 OP*
9 3
10 4
5 4^1.» a A.
16 11
17 who 12 jjilci
18 •r « « 13
19 Л15У oi <•> 14 _p5t£6‘J
20 • 15
21 • Qjjibc-j Axlj
22 ch2'
(etc.) .... - (<У)
- 87 -
70 30
80 40 OP4J1
90 QjXXUj 50
100 4^4 60 и QWa
101 -da
102 (jpjl j <L)
C11
Money : : -44
Memorize : : 1 frlaia.1
4 (piastre) ‘/2 (piastre)
4 !6 piastre ^L-a ‘Uajl 1 £-L-a (_4j3
*5 piastres uj^ Ll-Л 4-LuiJiL 1 'A “ 4jj ^xj 4j Xi
*5 piastre note • - 2 ^Ll-Л
*5 piastres coin (_>Aa_j L-a 2 ‘A “ <L^xj
•c3’ 3 ^Ua 4aXi
*10.piastres • и о jjJJt o^jjic. 3 ‘A “ > - (_4ajj £-L_a AjXj
*10 piastres Л J
* Used nowadays . (not used nowadays) (djl-ibo J4&)
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75 P.T. ^)U| Д-jia. jj 20 P.T. (J^j) cAj^ OiJ^- <* •» r
1 L.E 21 44 • ijjja
2 се A-iia. ctfjl 25 CC • * jjjjS (jjjjicj 4 ,2ai.
3 Cl <11=.
50 P.T * *
75 cc » - (jSjS QJ*.‘UJ <uuiA.
one thousand Lui
a million изД»
For how much ? У 'el£j ♦
This (m.) is for how much ? ej
This is for five piasters. • * .(jt“4 — A in<?> > о J
This (f.) is for how much ? V ♦
This is for ten piasters ?
For how much is the (i.e one) kilo ? V fl£j jL£JI *
The (one) kilo is for fifty piasters •
How much is the bill? V el£ ^L^JI •
The bill is five pounds. 4LfjLux^Jl
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(give me) ^31
(give us) Lb3l •»
«jjj (bring Io me)
< М» (jj-J Ajxu (bring to us) Ы ujb>
<__jLS <Otj
(rice) jj d^1
wanting (m.)
willing
“ (f.) e'jjlc.
“ (Pl)
: CjLLi j-aj
1-Answer these questions : : ,$ j ;<1p 1 \
(75 P.T) ? ljUJI * : JCu
U5 > qAj-ui j usUJI >- * -
(80 P.T) v о
(1 L.E) V <_ mj jjjUl
(20 L,E) Y pl£j »J j£ll
(30 L.E) V
(60 L.E) Y л j
(4 L.E) Y j»l£j pbl
(5 L.E) Y j»Kj
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2-Ne<;ate and add five to each number :
(50 Р.Т.)
(85 L.E.)
V 2 bi ,*11
ixj J'ljkJI S/
(the juice) .(>> ор+ч
3-Subtract five from each sentence ;
•<_h
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(potatoes) • jji 1Э (jjx-mj 0ill'll ti JI .<йл. Alui ej^Jl * .(jjjS 4j‘i\ > jjll . (JjjjS (JJ1U4AJ 4 jl^ J 4-XaUI «* * ,4 ti~. /ця >a» A&LuJI . 4_p^ сУ.Л^'Л 4 иль] ^xu_j£ll jla ,4_uk «Oli (_Jj£1I H • • •
C- Time • 4bb-JI ——a»
What time is it now ? V *»l£ <&Ш1
It’s 1 o’clock . оД^.1 j AxiLoJI
1:05. 5 • . и и
1 : 10. II H .Ojxx^j
1 : 15 •9 и H •(4JJ
1 :20 . н V 11 11
1 25.
1 30. » C^J “
1 : 35 j "
1 : 40 ci VI cyil'
1 : 45 VI11
1 :50 syb VI "
1 : 55 Д1Л1 vi ”
2:00 sharp CfU) kkll^"
4- Add one hour
: AbLuu I uJa- i
.AjobeJk Ax-CJI IsLy (Ja-ajLx ~ ; dli»<
fi •
, 4з tu ЯfLt_> dll ^Ij1 (3 *4
.Дж7л4 ЯЫмЛ (jjblj (jji-J-Sb.
(breakfast)
. Я-pLej ЯаЦЛ jULill
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5-Subtract one hour:
Use exercise no. (4)
6 - Answer the questions ;
,£jjj Xc-LJI
V Ac-Udi jlaill —
Aj'A-ai 4cUJ) paill
-94-
(the lecture)
(you went home)
У^1£ Ал1_мЛ Ia«JI
У^1£ Ал1_м21 ^Luudl
У^1£ LcLuJI AlikJI
У ЯлЬЛ
У Ал1 will SjLiaLJJI
V ЯлLmJI diLui
у ЯлСЛ 0хл>. oLls
V АлкиЛ Ал а!лЛ
•
V ^»l£ Ял1хЛ С'з^Л (ул
У АлкыЛ (.fljiukjl
? АлLJl Oj£lj
У ^t£ Ac.LjJI (fFiiij) CLj*^J
? Я^1хн11 C*1a1
-95 -
JljjJI Ajg ; AjuuuIuJ) AjjIaaJ)
THE NINTH CONVERSATION ; AT THE GROCERY STORE
- Good morning
* Good morning
- Have you got any fresh eggs?
* Of course.
- How much is one egg?
* One egg costs twenty five piasters.
- How many do you want?
* Please give me ten eggs.
- Here you are , anything else?
* Get me 'A kilo of (Greek)
cheese please .
- Here you are . There are the eggs,
and there’s the cheese.
* Have you good (quality) soap?
- Yes , I have all kinds of soap,
local and imported,
What kind would you like ?
* Any good quality will do.
Two (bars) are enough for (he time
being , please . I would also like a
jar of this jam. Yes , apple jam.
•
, 4 и all (_£-llj ( i (Jjai’il I JILJI
•c
-96-
- With pleasure .
* Can you put them in two separate
bags?
Sure ! No need to ask. any
other
service?
* That’s all. How much is it all ?
V 4-jiL (jl < (_JjSi 1л ол Leila 1 (Jliill
6»
V < quj «3 : ill Pill
Oh , I forgot I one yoghurt too.
* Here you are .Ten pounds and 90
piasters ,altogether, sir.
-1 lore , is the money . Thank you
• CM (SjL j Aid J Cjjjjii
q-uuujJj 4 i'S aj/afr (_jAlxa L( l J Mil'll i (Jlii—II
.(jljS
>1 (JJ_jlill 4 (Jtzifil ! <—JUaJI
-97-
LESSON TEN
these, those . Jjj
masc. singular
fem. singular
impersonal pl.
u a
personal pl.
«J
JP-3
J_P^ Jj-i
-iVjl Jj-i
: / J.P / j_/ cS* I ‘
(pi-) ea (dual) (sing) дЛ»
(cfp- (p) (сЫ)
LjtiS
t_lljjl <_>L
ulSLs О»й
ptfl *fJ3
dltxuj
LPJJf Lhw'j-1 и->
tj'-P*
/
-98-
lip frj
Allkj (j ;!**_) b?J J
□vj (j j 4,
(bSii) uL ijjdlla UlL •
d ~ ($J djJ
“JJ"-3
• * * t QUxul_)S
♦ Cjl jjjl_pa C>H .A CW.A
djJ djJ 4^
Cjllj (jP^ • • lllij
Л л *
t ** 4*11 ii CjI'uu (jpl C1k«
1- Change to the dual:
.(JaJj a J
: cjLij
a.iV'X a3 : (JlxA
: 19 >a!uiI
. 11 >V'X a3
. jljjulf 0 3
. dJCui o3
>31 j «3
-99-
,СЧм (jJ
,C’U»
»
(j
Sjjx^a (J J
• ‘tlbjl (_$3
.dJIjA (J=d j
.Ua
,5 jjuljL (_$□
.S3
IjLIS
,(_>!jaJi bl
*
Д л kl^.1
i.jl-X ("A^- Oil
• Jbjkll I j3 jA
How to count:
a)To express one sin,
a book (i.e. one book)
a girl (i.e. one girl)
For emphasis , the number I I or / I is after a noun ,
NEVER before.
gle object or person , the singular noun is used .
1_1U£ r •
b)To express the dual, the dual form of the noun is used .
- 100 -
For emphasis , the number / is used alter the noun , NEVER before
• : lIVh
c)When counting from 3 to 10 , the number followed by the plural noun ,
changes as follows :
Exception : When dealing with :
(i) ordering food items and drinks
(ii) measurements
(iii) weight
(iv) money
The number does not change , and is followed by the singular noun.
- 101 -
d)From 11 onwards , the number followed by the singular noun is used
2- Add one :
- 102-
3-Subtract one :
Use exercise no.2
: $ I Г
X- *»
Y IjbuuLuil
4- Repeat:
; ..b j. A~ I.
5- Add one :
(a word)
.cJlk I
6- Subtract one :
- юз -
-104-
Pronominal suffixes with some common adverbs and proposition:
word meaning he/him . her them me you (m.s) you (f.s) you(pl.) us
at the/or has, have оДдс. j£_Uc. bSjo
with oLxSj IjLua IjLuo
C5- in q i L? ,s ^£13 |;,q
d for SJ cP ,3U C5^P Л bd
C_) by/with 4_u w 3- » c^ T llu
from 4.1^ V: д (*£ cP"0 >v, д . | M л
about I. ~X C5^° xvx xvx X/X IvX
я before aLS ЬХ ей Cp^ tills * v,n;
after odxj IaJLxj cS-3" ;зГ<,; tAij I; <X
(jLik i for АЗ'.Лс- I«;l ЛХ ^-4 ЛХ ;l ЛХ <-^ 4 Л<г% у?АЛХ IvA ЛХ
For negation , refer to teacher, and also listen to the tape of this lesson
- 105 -
S uillJI Ajjl.aJI
The Tenth conversation : At the Doctor’s office
(Patient and Nurse)
Patient: Good - evening .
Patient: Good - evening, examination
or consu Itation ?
Patient: Examination, please.
Is the doctor in ?
Nurse : No, he hasn’t come yet.
He’ll be here soon.
Patient :How much is the examination ?
Nurse : Fifty pounds only.
Patient: Here you are.
Nurse: And here is your number. There’s
one examination and one
consultation before you . Then
it’s your turn straight after.
(The Patient and the Doctor)
Patient: Good - evening , doctor.
Doctor: Good evening , What’s wrong?
What’s the matter ? What’s
wrong with you ?
(j pSJl5 >dl)
- 106 -
Patient: I’m feeling very tired, very
exhausted.
Doctor: How? What do you feel
exactly ?
Patient: Dizzy, and sometimes(I get)
severe headaches.
Doctor : Any constipation ?
Diarrhoea ? Fever ?
Patient: Actually no, though
sometimes I have an upset
stomach. Maybe because I’m
studying Arabic !
Doctor: Don’t worry. I'll prescribe
some vitamins and digestive
medicine digestion which will
make you feel fine
Patient: Please, don't prescribe
injections forme because, 1
don't like talcing shots at all
Doctor : Here are some tablets. Take
only one in the morning.
Here’s some others. Take
one, three times daily after
meals .
. t. ' л Л1 (_5 j till
i : jjl—
- 107 -
As for the syrup, take one , s JiLa aitis «3 lj3 131
teaspoonful when necessary. . j ;JI
Here’s the prescription.
Patient : Thank you , doctor. . jj&3 Ь
Doctor: Don't mention il .1'11 see you
again after three days.
. ^Ljl AS dlijjil 4 Ijic- jyiSull
- 108 -
>ui|jA jj
LESSON ELEVEN
Adjectives:
sentence
phrase • JjA1
phrase (Jj ^Lll ju /Jl
; I $ I 9 j >S
Meaning Comparative Plural Fem. Sing. Mas. Sing.
big тй J-uS
small
clever j la Л1 • ("я j>LLi o^jlaLL ^laL5
diligent
lazy ox2
intelligent 4^j </3
stupid Lui-1
many jskl jink 6^X1$
few jsi Kit •• •» L&h
rich Lie. 1 •• «*
poor jiil Ijju bjliS
near bw3 *»
far AjuI j Lu oAJ*4
high сЛ’ 0^^ 4 Jlc. •• <>
low uA»'j 4uJal j
- 109-
Meaning Comparative Plural Fem. Sing. Mas. Sing.
pleasant V 1'kll 4 Q 11^1 < _ 1 it at ••
beautiful dsJ Д1рЧ *
nice, sweet <j?.p
cheap 'Oalij Ди-лр-J L^J
expensive ijjlc- •»
good (>Д.1 *. *' c OMJS JUj,$ . t' e 1>‘J >-
bad •• ’< • -* *
wide ipj AjCjI j £_Jj
narrow, tight bp3 Aj^Jq (3^-^
broad 4
fat г" *
tall, long jjLI JljL d; Д>
short » buP1 Sjix^s
quick t'p CdaH
slow 3 hIA
new aid alak Sajia. aja^.
old *»аз! ’^las ASuaa •* ?>
difficult XXX 37»а^э (.. ia
easy (jfb XXX »
clean t.tuajl < il । i 4 $д > д
dirty jl iPj XSluj
- 110-
Use plural adjectives only with:
a) dual nouns
g g
ba. A jpj
b) human plural nouns:
e.g, Ьйз^ Ьн-А*
Jl jja CjUj
c) With non -humans, the adjective may be plural or feminine
singular.
e.g.: b-uS
or
: culj-i
; I J л й < nt—1
(o-Aj)
. jbl * лГ^Л
(сЬ^*)
.^ь UlU
e • •
XSlLb. «IIjjjJI
Ob- о*
-Ill -
• J&J
2 - Substitute ;
( -)
( й)Л- )
( LHjiaLi )
(o?141- i)
(J4)
(c^j)
( СЯ^ )
( сяД*1 s)
( e,ss)
3-Give the opposite adjective :
• сяДО*
. (jJJJ
>1
• J' Д» ’йня"
• j Д'
»
. t-jl iJii
• OA^j ёя4 j#' A"
. (jJtc. QjjLij Ul
;UuaJI f Iuk- Г
t»
. < __u£JI
• (>'j
, t jjpS oLjj-dl
»
, Я j ОклГ Д11
. 3«ml j А । w
, ^£11
. 4 ajxlxi Cjl _)дз1мД111
. Я2С^З ojjjSJI
• МЭ jl j-ЛЛ
-112
4 - dive the opposite adjective ;
. oIlJI
The boy is younger than the girl.
This is the youngest boy
5- Reverse as shown in the example :
. t*~l*ljll (j-u _)'x ‘ al jJjll 2.
• (j*
(the hall )
(the train )
(the shoes ) (the sandals )
. 113-
, 0» 4-jjAi£L-ul 6 - Change the adjective to the superlative ; - 4
Adjectives of Colour : Meaning Plural . jG .3 ? d—Ь . _yLi_of o3 : 1 . oLii • J* . 3JjjJa C* bail , aZuj^jXoJI . J44S GUI , DXuk ч-ЛШ! . (_uu-a (the hotel ) • 6^1 hem . Sing Mas . Sing
red JG. ’^1
green » 1
yellow •J l_yLua jtLal
blue (JJJ bj'j ojJ
white и Aw Lbjj 'c^
black • 1 hj-ui Jjxul
-114-
Color adjectives that do Not
change in the feminine or plural
brown
grey
dark purple
purple
orange
wine -red
pink
light ................
dark .................
These are used after colours
N.B.: For Comparative Forms of colors , use the word / ей- /
or / ’^l/after the adjective .
. qc. I(ji : J , *«
, (j-e ’juSl jl
7- Substitute :
-115-
( )
8- Use / (rUI/as shown in the example :
:JUI j lyll} J J^jxul-A
that, which ; —Ul
who, whom
. cjjjla o_>J j_Jll jXoll
*• *
( dlUA )
( SjAlill )
( cjAiill )
. 4^'JI Ojl
. jXi JJ Jl
. Cite- I Qjlh- tjlijlJJI
, 4 jilc- 4-li’bwll
. j jl лк (=^?У1
. I t_.i~iS.ll
. <Ca^x j Jjjill
. AjlxuIj 4uJajS/l
9 - Complete the following with :
an appropriate word :
. Ди ^1 'J Jl : J-la
(j^’mS AjLls jJII л]Jl
-116-
........ 4jjuV ц^-Ul 11,111
.............. (J л JI ^jAaJI
........... jLiJI ^1)1 Ajjjkll
...........l^L5 J^EI CuJI
.......... «Cyjbll Jj/Jljllll
............. 4x dJ£ ^Jll *хл i-» aII
.............
..................UUji ^1
.....................Jii
10 - Fill in the blanks using suitable phrases :
• . S ад|
f- jLU a? JI
. £Jlc. 4_u udl
•• . ££'•.
• * ' » jll
* Lr* J" * *'
t-i.JI
X X
. Л-. J . >L>Lui C-^ J
11- Put the sentences in exercise 10 in the plural. Make the necessary
changes.
-117-
The Eleventh Conversation : Al a Wedding
Before the party
Husband Please Laila, get dressed quickly.
Wife : It’s still early , did’nt they say nine
o’clock !
Husband: No dear, it’s eight not nine.
Wife : How come ? Have you got the invitation?
Husband : Here’s the invitation .8 o’clock. You see,
then?
. xi (j* • j jU
4_сЛ,, 4 oil I j3Lw_Д — - 4 • 4_*xJ : 4j^. j 3JI
, xAjLu ^Sni^k. L у ; £
i 4—SjLu aL-LjJI 14л I JjkjJI : g- j3^
Wife:. Okay I’m nearly ready . . tija d < LAL : Uj.jJi I’ll wear the new dark . blue dress, and put the о-А* diamond brooch on it. I think. ‘ uAjjJI I’ll wear the new golden shoes. .»jj^JI gw'C j£Js1j What are you going to wear? ? c
Husband I really don’t know . As q—1—* i/j «'-M* lA« ^uij : £ jj" you see, it’s hot and such weddings are hl t ^1 jiyij « jk LpJ « usually crowded. •°*C' Lp l/J What do you think if I wear a shirt and trousersonly ? '
Wife : Whatever you like, as you
wish, but I think a suit
would be better.
. 15^.У
At the wedding
Husband & wife: Congratulations.
Congratulations to the
bride and the bridegroom,
May God bless your
marriage.
Husband:Who’s that lady wearing
Black ?
Wife : She’s the bride’s mother.
Husband:She seems very happy .
Wife: Why shouldn’t she ? The
Bridegroom’s a good
Bargain !
Husband:So is the bride!
Wife : They really suit each other.
May God give them
Happiness. Come, let's
Greet the rest of the guests .
У AjjuV ^111 tTbull (У_1л I
V ALjjkll :
I/J5 ’jj jjL :
У A_J Laj '
-119-
Aftcr the wedding
Wife : That was wonderful!
Husband: Did you like it ?
Wife : You cannot imagine how
much! It reminded me
of our party. You
remember?
Husband: Oh ! O1 course I
remember!
Good- night.
Wife : Good -night •
------
! Я2. jj Cuts (_$ j L : j jll
j£i (_5j . 4jI jI (jl'jjYaii '—«
V j£li J
- 120 -
LESSON TWELVE
4 . }л
1-What time is now ? V <c.LuJI — )
3: 05 4:25 6:30 1:45
9:10 2:55 7:20 3:15
5:35 8:40 11 50 12:00
2 - Say the even numbers between 2 and 40 .
2 , 4,6.........etc
3 - Say the odd numbers between 1 and 30
1 , 3,5.........etc .
4 - Count from 11 till 25 .
5 - Count from 65 down to 45 .
6 - Give an approximate price for each of the following items .
Use Egyptian currency :
" Marlborough"
- 121 -
7 - Change into the plural : -V
. ЯЬА lsj
• j ,jbej
. <_U_L- J L>"JJ * J
, i ij i-,» «if, Ci j
. (Jjjia <-_llj_=>. eJ
. 6_ylaLi <JLL» (_£j
8 - Fill in : the blank slots :
meaning tlie word him her their you (m.s) You (f.s.) you (pl) me us
from o—4 Ц-Ь •»
about J A i r.
with )
to —J <1 1 •» bl
with e—- ^aLlL»
at the place of □ 1c ’dlilc.
- 122-
9 - Give the opposite 01 the followin**, .idjei ti\es . Then use each u. a
complete sentence :
, Jdj < Ajxj i 4
( (jxaxb-j l i
ОХ-i
10 - Rearrange each of (he following words (o form a complete
sentence:
dJliA 4 (jjjjjJI 4 jbi
4 1 I cs—4 c-
CjjtS 4 oJjlgaJl 4 1 ( { | Ц
jLS 4 4jUjI 4 * dEoL 4 1
- 123 -
; )nil 7?^I Aj^la-oll
The Twelfth Conversation : Chatting
Samir : Hello ! Is Mr Hasan in ?
(i e . present)
Voice : Whom do we tell him , sir ?
Samir: Please tell him your
colleague at work , Samir.
Voice : One moment please .
Samir : This is Samir, Hasan .
Are you free for while
today ?
Hasan : At your disposal.
Samir : May I see you ? It’s one
o’clock now . Is it o.k .after
on hour ?
Hasan : It would be better in two
hours . Three o’clock is
fine .
Samir : Where do we meet ? At your
place ?
Hasan :You’re welcome . I’ll be
waiting for you .
У j yzi. ja 04i a. I ! : 0-i.a .л
V a-iii L qxo Al djij : Ciju
j AtLuJI У dls^iii
У Ai-Lui Axj ,
a&LJI . • d—
У dtiu j У Qii (Jjliij : j-iajj
-124 -
At Hasan's place
iLcJ
Samir: As I’ve told you two weeks
ago : the girl is excellent -
nice looking and intelligent .
She studied at the Faculty of
Commerce and graduated Iasi
year . Now she works for an
export-import company . She
is around twenty - two years
old . Her father is a decent
man . She has a brother who
is an officer , and her sister is
a student. Her family is
respectable ,not very rich ,
neither poor . What do you
think ?
Hasan : Do you need my opinion ?
Let’s go look for a flat first!
i jjAj Lu "jAc. : (j—uo.
I JjVl
- 125-
LESSON THIRTEEN
The Imperfect Tense
Unlike English , the Imperfect in Arabic carries the marker of the
person, in the form of a prefix , and at times a suffix .
He wake up * » J 41
She 1 II ‘ч—ч
I « II
You ( m . ).... II 11 ...........Cxil
You ( f.) II II
They II II •> • r—A
We 11 II l£J
You (pl.) Ы II
The Imperfect Tense is used AFTER :
I II Ill IV V
Modals Present Continues and Habitual (Modified/—? /form) Future (Modified /—a. /form) Participles Some Verbs
jj J5 ’A
(necessary ) (now)(every day) (tomorrow) (willing ) (he began )
& jA5 -^4 LSjb c’j
must (always) (after a month) (intending) ( he went)
(possible) * (usually) j A_S (able) (he knew how)
-126-
1 - If the Imperfect I ense is used alone , a modal of type I is used .
Thus in: VelUa - /ejV / or / I is implied.
(Do) I come with you ? I. e is it possible “ or “ is it necessary “
is implied.
2 - When the prefix / —j / is attached to the Imperfect Tense , the result
is:
a ) Habitual Tense ;
He always eats lunch early . . ja : d . *i*
b) Present Continuous Tense :
He is eating lunch now . • j* il-.-A'!
3 - When the prefix / —/ is attached to the Imperfect Tense , the result
is:
Future Tense :
He will write a letter tomorrow . • чАр- j* : d .-.4*
- 127 -
Verbs:
to meet <JJ— to wake up
to go up (to) to undress , to take off one’s clothes
to work (Ji—SAi to go in , to enter
to have lunch to put on , to wear
to rest to drink
to listen , to hear to eat
to go to have breakfast
to read to go down
to write to ride, to get on
to become tired • c_J— to drive
to return * to see
to have supper J&i to say
to watch ,to look at to make, to do
to send to understand
to play • «* ^3 to visit
to like, to love t. 1 TVJ to come
to speak to learn
to leave (behind) i MinA ♦ •* to cany, to remove
to pay to stand, to stop
to borrow to go , to walk to wait (for)
to go home
to take ill
- 128-
1 . Modals :
possibly ,maybe ( aj'j maybe, perhaps <j—
probable Jl/Av *a possible о—
conceivable, maybe must
would that; 1 wish (used before the subject) ciujL necessary
important e- supposed •
impossible • « (J I' -a
2- Fill in the blanks witli the suitable noun : : fUl&l Ьк — T
3 - Change the person as indicated :
; <i ;!1ал1| ) )1алЫ1 >iC. — У
4- Fill in the blanks with the right verb : : ixuAidl Jlx&l hk - £
• (Jjk-J ......................... LSJJjkb
•s Zh5 ........................... e *
. .......... LI
+ ' *
. 11A .................. (JisXuiA j—A
. ................... 1----4j Ijkl
-130 -
5 - Fill in the blanks with the suitable mod a Is :
A-UuLLdl CiLaISJI Ixx — 0
- * - -
Negation :
To negate , use / qW with the modals :
He doesn’t have to go there. . jja :
- 131 -
However , the verb following the modal maybe negated using I
with a difference in meaning .... qS
*He should not go there. . L ja : J£>
With other modals , the verb following the modal follows the
lh ,...Wpattern for negation . (ma...sh).
* He might not go there . . lAjjj 5*
6- Repeat:
, qLl ul (jiiLsju La jjta.
jLs.yl (jSЦ ciuj Li
- 132-
. diLuo Ы
• •
• C> jjh-
1 <-j $lx — A
8 - Answer in the negative using / S1/ :
V otx -a j>jV }A
У ^Aj j j—j jjlл. I jjjl
У fX
У e_j^j
У 4_u jc- (j^juu
У oLue (_$j—S12u (jlajjSLA (^ijl
- 133 -
jL.na i iJI Д-a
The Thirteenth Conversation : with the Broker
Aly; his friend) What is the broker’s
(telephone) number?
Friend: I think that’s the number
Nine , three , six ,
two, four, seven.
Aly: Thank you very much . Give it to me.
(Now the bell is Ringing)
Aly : Hello ? Is £amm Farag, the broker in?
Voice : What number have you dialed, sir ?
Aly: Nine hundred thirty six, two
hundred forty seven.
Voice: No sorry. Wrong number, sir.
Aly: I’m very sorry for the disturbance.
Voice : No , not at all.
(Aly must dial the number again)
.Aii L 5 jLiiJI . <—LjiI < У
. ^tc. jVI ylc. ISa. UXuJ Ul
. ISSI I у
Aly : Hello ? panini Farag ? What did you do <jI ^3 cjLc. V !V jll
for me about the flat ?
134
The broker. ^3^ q0(j , [ found you a good
appartment a - good
bargain) We can meet with the
owner of the house this evening ,
and he is supposed to tell us all the
details.
Aly: What time do I see you?
The broker: You’re supposed to
come to me first, that is
about five o’clock
him, After that we may call
or probably go straight away
Aly: amm farag, you should^
Know that it is impossible
For me to pay key - money
It’s possible, I might pay in advance,
But key- money is out of the
question
The broker: aij bceh {^-Listen
Leave it to God I
dll dull . <11 SWII
• • jLdjdl uxxtwa £-4 <L11I
J—S UJ JjL
- 136 -
2 - Substitute:
. (_J£ jSI Laj (1UK1I
. t—ij Ли jjjijAaII
Adverbs
sometimes Ы1 ..al ••
always
usually »
mostly I1JU
- 137-
3 - Fill in with suitable words :
; A-ujLLaJI UjLaISJI Ixx — Г
K iy LLki
, _XL L_Jlb LI
IX*.I
ь
4 - Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs :
:4-uulLdt Ol.a^l| Ixa. — t
LJ
• f 6 > Cijl
У cJ£ i—
jjLj S jU-л! L_si
5- Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs ;
:4хиШ1 Ixa. —0
dUJ
- 13S-
. 4 Л
Negation :
There are two ways to negate the Present Continous and Habitual Tenses:
a) By using / сЛ» / before the verb
• •
. t, l*i^j j : (Ju-e
b) By using I J*....Ь. / with the verb :
(mabyiktibsh) • o*'. jj Ь : Jbi
*Note the elision of the / i —j / in the prefix / —? / .
6-Rcpcat
(Japanese)
- 139-
never, at all
never
These two words always follow the negative form of the verb .
7 - Negate using / —«/instead of / lA.........Ь/. Add /fol /or / to
denote that action is never done:
: I t>aJla> / jl / 1/с Д jxJa / ft ... La / JAj / t j — V
* *
, (_pyjS (jalill (JhaISjj La ajAi’
• (1Я jikl* О<Я“-эЦу ba k_ 4>
*<" *
, 4^tiS (jLj La I jjjl
t4V>lЧЛ Jij La
. CuLuijxII j_pu^5JjjLa dlj|
- 140-
8 - Substitute as indicated:
db-JI is'i cfe ~ А
A-U
9- Answer freely :
У
»г*
- 141 -
III - The Future Tense :
The Imperfect tense prefixed with / —=* / denotes Future Tense .
The director will travel tomorrow . • ’•
*. * • -
1 will drink tea in an hour, . i/ki c/yiU. Ijl
♦Notice the elision of the hamza and its vowel in the first person singular
1- Repeat: : I,t
«Г
* •»
. CjLxLJl• <..,иа ja. cjIjJI
, 4_ilc. 11) ifyuk jtSLu^l
- 142-
2 - Change the following into the Future Tense : JjixubJI - Y
3- Repeat:
- 143-
4 - Fill in the blanks with (lie suitable verds :
; zi'l ; ')l£-dl /^3 (xuA1aJI Jaa, — i
. AjjViCml »
. LjiisISJI 5-i
• L_jl
v «»
. ej£j (JUjaJl ^1
• -Я3!
• . сЛ4 ( lid
. aSjjXoJI (jiw c д'».Да II ............ ui
. eJjla. ^i
after in a year Aim Jlxj tomorrow • 0^)
in a moment Ajjjui Jlxj after tomorrow
next week ljLiJI jiuVI later
next month in a day
next year «LLaJI AJjjJl o° В in two days
next January (^Цк —HI in a week »
next September <и С$1-> / JJ^Xbu in a month
5- Complete the following sentences using an appropriate time
expression for the Future :
-144-
................ cpUll 14.13Lx Ul
6- Fill in (he blanks with the suitable word :
; cjlbt yidl (<CujGaJI 4,л!с!| Jxa. — *1
Negation :
He will not write the lesson. * lP*4
For negation of the Future Tense , use / сЛ» / before the verb .
-145-
7- Repeat: i_Lw=£- v • r • . IaA (_yi-a j A • • . AjjA Дж-J in<i*i\ (_yi-a dibit . i>ill Oju (Jaa til * • • tr • , о j Sj Au (JjUJ i, i»K-x qaa diil ** <• <* «* . (jlilS/l j»jj tllliA ^.inwjl a. (JAA til . AjlzJI Ajlull 1 jlillAl'a (JAA —A • lxhjj u**-1*-** iA* , (jLJl J-frAll £A.Jjk (_> « . <LBI ULu (jlu ^ijl » • • ' ^aLla jjaa Ijjjl
8 - Answer using / V/ : : / 5? / —-» uj - Л У A* aL^H J . A V jAa J^aa (jLxjkil ЛкИк. • * V C.UkiiII iLkl • • • V 1 jiil •* * * •* ♦ * • ? $j£j ULla 1?x cjjl V j4-il Jju duj (_gjp At a. Ijl Y (jujLa diLlja. Ijifca» f—A V Sx-Lj (JAij -ikj jUakJl (Jlxajla. dljl ? LpiKuicI i^k ,^1
-146 -
The Fourteenth Conversation : About Studies
- Where are you studying?
* I’m studying at the American university.
- Which department
x In the department of the Arabic studies.
- What exact! do you study ?
x For the time being, I’m studying
literary Arabic.
- How may hours a week ?
x I study five hours .
- What do you during them ?
x We take two hours of grammar,
and we read the newspaper in three
hours.
Then when are you going to study
Colloquial?
x Maybe next semester
What exactly are you going to study
in
colloquial?
x I shall study the grammar.
Of course , and I’ll read
Conversations
I’ll also listen to tapes of he lesson in
the lab .
. AjuaLJI Ul X
V AJ -
. Aajjjdl t*~'t d' _3 X
V .Li'ila)lj Aul —
» » » и
> >xi3 AjJ (jxj-Aj wL. X
• dkaill (j^»J X
V Ajxlxll .fnlilL Ad “
l_)sLxj < x
AlajjJ *_a»ula. (jLoSj OljSCux
- М7-
- But you speak (in) colloquial well!
x Not very well. If God wills
I’ll speak better when I study more .
Of course , practice will be more useful,
won’t it ?
- What you say is correct and because of
that I’ll treat you for a (mazbut) coffee
this time!
I Цу 5UL> x
x Let’s go !
- 148-
LESSON FIFTEEN
IV- The Imperfect Tense :
The unmodified Imperfect (without / — with some participles like : / or / —/prefix ) may be used
wanting (wants) Д
going (in order to) C;!*J
coming (in order to) •*
sitting (keeping on) j&ts
intending cSj'-i
: (JULa
.o_)£j _jjtc. _jA—t
He wants to see you (m.) tomorrow. • * ,4a>la. AajIj СьЛ
The lady is going to buy something . • dhjl<~i 4ut^ f
She is going to meet you (f.) today .
1- Repeat:
abroad
. Qua-Ic-ti <_il jail
- 149-
2- Fill in the blanks with the suitable verds :
.bl
jt_1 1 1
. jjoiJI
• CSJA! 4_>jlj C ii ill
. jAo jjxdl
• All u-j’j jVl
i_Д и)
a_jutc- 4uj_jAaJI
LjLxl
• (5^5 Vj сЯ
Ъ jb (^*
Negation :
There are two ways for negating the unmodified Imperfect Tense
preceded by a participle:
a) by using / JU / before the participle :
He does not want to go . :
b) by using / J;.... U / to negate the unmodified imperefect:
He wants not to go . • : JU
- 150 -
(> Repeat :
- г
j о j315 {j
4 - Anwer with /7/. Give two possibles of negation when appropriate:
V Ij_j3LuU Qajjlj CjliJl
- 151 -
The unmodified Imperfect Tense is sometimes used after Perfect Tense
verbs like :
he knew « • he started
he was able jj—a he liked began ;
he went to want -.u
he decided jj5 he tried j j
he continued he thought » <i
he preferred • * he forgot л
if you please
6- Repeat:
. ViA £ул (СЛ (Дши а>и 3—!
. dljljic. l Oxmi 3—1
- 152-
6 — Answer
: I о i^\ I —j l-i $la. — 4
j—J—A
V ^A£- (^л 1~~.ш11 ljjA3 tA-l
V jl IAI1 СлЗ^с. dul
bJ CjjJb ui
V (JjujsJI 13j**u
V Lpjjlill (5-^lj C^J L5^'
* • •
V yLlx^a __t,
? IjjiUy IjjjS 1—a,
7- Fill in the blanks with the suitable helping Verbs :
; ( juiIIaJI apLulaII (JaaJI 1да — V
- 153-
The Imperfect tense is also used after :
i)The Habitual Tense :
He likes to travel a lot.
ii)The Future Tense :
Will you (f.) be able to finish early?
8 - Fill in the blanks with the suitable Verbs:
; (Jxill 11^ ~A
* , . . , ♦ (Jji •• JI
„ Я .13 ...... . - L l Л
•» + . .. 13 ilk '« A
L? .• • 4 i ...... « •
. < 11J t tjl
• Ajj ю •••••< ........ t сД—jjL^ Iji
• • 1 fl i.\ -Jfi.%. «Iji
• J 1 1-s.l
-iy
. ekijk %*i£l j_s!l ul
-154-
Nc»atinii :
In negating sentences including helping verbs , there aie two ways :
i)Negation of the helping verb , while the imperfect renains as it is :
He did not like to come.
He doesn’t like come . . U
He will not like to come. ,,, ,^,4 ’ ►
ii) Negation of the imperfect, while the helping verb icmains as it is :
: lJUa
He tried not to come.
He is trying not to come. JAL
He ’ll try not to come. uh?; N
- 155-
10 - Negate :
- 156-
V- (с) -• ____________________________________________________
The unmodified Imperfect tense may be used after other verbs also in the
Imperfect such as the following stative verbs .
to like
to know
to accept j •,< ,
Would you (in.) like to drink tea. V i/Li <-?JlfL
Do you (f.) know how to drive a car ? V
*A stative verb is one that doesn’t signify an action .
11 - Repeat:
V 4jI <_jj___iSj
• •
" * 4*
V I jSj
V (j Jjj <_Wuj JjL=Cj
У (УГ-Г
V jj (_j£ (J»' лЛ~1 (Jj—sj
• X-
v
V LjXalJ суЗ cjjlddj (
V e'j^J Jjj
• •
? ja—^ly JLa jJ <_i jj6
- 157-
5 }ALa11 jLj j ; xJI AjjLxaJI
The Fifteenth Conversation : Mv Visit to Cairo
- I was studying literary Arabic at
the university of.....
Then I thought of coming to
Cairo,
in the center for Arabic studies
at the American university .
* Why?
Because I wanted to study more
literary Arabic .
I was also intending to studying
colloquial.
I did not know exactly what to
do at the beginning.
I started to write to the people
responsible for the program
and I learned that there was an
exam.
So, I got down to preparing
myself for this exam , and I
wanted to succeed in it.
I took it, and thank God I passed.
AjACJLj 4
.Jkl
. Agic- {jLo£ (5 <'*115 j
V 4j____1 X
( 4jI (J ЛС.1 Jaaliillj jai'iS La
• JjSh
.4ai t** rA 1 <11 „Yak IIJ (jl_>2La'yl
- 158-
When I knew I was coming to
Cairo wanted to ask about the
weather and life in general there.
(JlLil /ша „—il Cj—S_)C. I—SJj
. Lo^aC- dll__1A eLikllj c/2"
I also wrote to an Egyptian friend
of mine to get enough information.
Лх1 ,1 i_il Cj______________й£ (jl------a£j
c_i>l
Really , this trip is a very fruitful
£» (_5J AJkjll Ajj'iX'l
one.
- 159 -
) Н||"н« ( pl
LESSON SIXTEEN
a 1
1- Answer as indicated : <_J $—Qxa.II ($'] l$A 4—-> ~~ ]
( ) (^</) У 4jI a-ujl X X * ' У Lpi цд'1^ c\)LL=». _jLjla mil
m V jj—L
<) (4 V £—S\> 3c> У (j>Ua£. 1, AU Qji-iill
(-U) у JjLLII o'J-P' с/
( 936224 ) • у ^jLula-mJI (2x5°"4 *
m У ly-ZbaS l^J-^
(• J-$) (•>) У У XLLrn 4-imlc- I_jxujJuj
() У (JJAla^pml l^*Am-U
( ) У l_jm (jjJjAj
( СДДД La j ) (L> '(_$ j u_)jli.j ( “ " ) * ' *!••• * <• У Ajl LUJjrnJ <.J^i у ^дз (_рчз^ AaaUI j-iij У oj ЯАлЦ». Ijjjjj
( 1» j cjjU ) (' ) У A—jl Jj—& —5 u^4 У (;Xj—L сЯ f—
( ) У Ад] (Jajl-JI jjjj
( ) у Ад] у J Ч-1^
-160-
: ( St ) .-u ррХч c ( Л?А=?- “A
2 - Answer first with /о j-J/, then with /St/:
Y t •* н Л1 <_C)IUI
X - »» *
? JXX jjaSSJI
• <•
V Aj jlLx SjtllaJI
Y (J£ udjjj ^1..ЛЪ
- • - »
V (_5aiSj 4j_jlj
Y _y£Lx_e 41 i\ II j jL %
«
Y | j.g.K~i J2-A
V clJll cJjA
Y 4_±x jll l_p.jju
3- Answer freely:
: pic. $1SI L<> ~g j 9-i $1— > — V
Y Aj 02a jA
*
Y o_) ., 4jI I yLa«"l^.
Y 0 ^-L*ill 0-* ^1
V jjxul (j£ 0jXaJI (Jjliij
Y 02----« '^A ^iLdl
Y j» jJI Ac-Lj j»l£ j__SlJjj Oil
Y 0>a —A
Y 0AI till_jj5Lx tjl
•
Y 4_J »aklk llljl
Y 02—i jiljA csj^
-161 -
4 - Fill in with suitable word :
. oJjlg-ill jiU cjjjjZa
о ilUI
• qX^-3 usij—
5 - Change from Perfect to Future and vice versa :
Add a suitable time expression to the new sentence :
; (j-iQbne
— о
. AjiLaGJI t£xl
. A^Ul dnJI
. ubi ;
jLLil (Jjl
a11._*i L>~>. L .1
LI U
6 - ( Give details ) ? 53l g M dJcu — 1
The teacher is going to help you use additional verb forms when
necessary.
- 162 -
7— ( Give details ) :
v
Ask help from your teacher when necessary .
8 - Add here vocabulary you feel you need :
- 163-
}—ill ;
42i3l ail
The Sixteenth Conversation : Leisure Time
-What do you do in your leisure time?
x I do a lot of things .
- Like what ?
x For instance , I go to the club,
I swim a little in the pool, and
then I sit with my friends and chat
and amuse ourselves dbing
something
-How ?
x I’ll tell you. Sometimes we play
chess, and sometimes we have
discussions on any topic.
-What kind of topics do you discuss?
x Any topic we think of (what occurs
to us) politics, economics , culture,
anything.
- Do you speak Arabic or English?
x Only Arabic , because our level is
fine now.
? -411$ j -
- 1о4 -
- I wish you’d lake me with you next i Ljj l> -
week !
x Why not this week? Come with us # jSj ^Lu V «3 £ jA&l <Jj x
as of tomorrow.
- Really. • C^=> _
x I’m serious (I’m not joking) . 1’11 hhlk <>j£j . ( у L ) I—x
pick you up and gc to the club сЛ5, cs^- сз-Pj —=m <J*—
right away. .JjL
Do I have to pay (subscription) V j£>| f jy -
firs?
x Leave that to me . Tomorrow • x
you’re my guest.
- And after that ? оЛ-^ “
x I’ll go to another club ! ! -dll у x
- 165-
LESSON SEVENTEEN
The Participle :
The participle may be used to express either:
a)an action at present, taking place,
b) an action which took place in the recent past.
c) However, some participles express cither Present or Future action
depending on the time - expression used with them.
Meaning Plural Fem.sing Mas . sing
sleeping by—4'—5 3, Vit'i »• ? 7"^ ’ 1
awake СУР-Ь-а
sitting, staying 1 J C.I 3
standing ёу“Ь 4 a 11 j <_j 11 j
seeing, to see Ul i •« U-jjl И
hearing, to hear Q-lJUeLiJj AjU-qI mJ
feeling, to feel Qbut •a. Я LL. (—i)
waiting ••
have drunk LWjhS Vjt Л i_Jjl i — <-J
have eaten by^b Я1 iklj
have had lunch •
have had dinner » •
-166-
Meaning Plural Fem.sing Mas . sing
am, is , are going 5 2kjl J C-h'j ---
coming •• « (jl—?
travelling • o_j—sLuui >’ иьа
returning oA'j 4—j c-t’j
going out Я—k’jlA j'—
going in 4—U.lj J
going down Ci'jij *
coming up (jjxJUa 4 xJUa 2-JtL
: (Xilij mj
1- Repeat
Ul-
• ь
- 167 -
5- Complete:
- Г
3 - Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of participles :
; jiLLaJI ^oLfl-Ь
Я1В1 Oil
. 0
4- Repeat:
. «CCeLJI aIxjIj l
- 168-
5- Complete:
6 - lull in the blanks with the suitable participles :
:(JgUJt ^<uil Jaa> — *\
- 169 -
••
4- Repeat:
. 0Н~Ги>14 SijlluVI
O;
. I»U>4
8- Complete:
- A
(ja___jLx Jjjl
*
(2)_H Ля___J-4 Ukl
-170-
9-Fill in the blankks with the suitably foi m >f participles :
: u-xuiLlaII (J&mi Isa — 4
,dllLa_jll . jSjl
......... I*i^l
(5^ 1^' Jj4>........
.-'jj.Xall L_La=l. 1 'i^l
Negation ;
He is corning quickly <& (jU y> : Jlio
He is not coming quickly <5^ J**
/^i—^/Participles are normally negated by □
10 - Negate :
. aLUI £ jLk j
яки
. 3ujijS)l AjuaLui Lil
У diu jjl <Хш]| ^L5
V dllkLua £—JUa klul
- 171 -
11- Answer freely :
pig La } Ifc* qLx —
V tAj СЯ>LA
* •
V Cu=jl
<* **
V 4jl
V 4jI (J—J-1—*—
z -
? Qia L>yj________““
4 (jjfl »—151 j ji
V jjjlj (jxa
. 4jI AjjLmI j_jA
- 172 -
why? ?
because yi-Sc.
it’s because
because utf
У—i-
before
_______________ i _
No .ms or Pronominal Perfect Imp ufectParticiples
Pronouns suffixes__________________________________with
Modals unmodified
Connect part A to part В using / / j / УУ I < or / jSl / :
(A)
» f
la____jui_____J____il j_______Ct,
til_1_J__Mil
• •
__SS__11 о__=Jj
—1^ У
_________________________uil
(JSI O-iLc-
-173-
AuuiJ 4jJ 1^,д31
The Seventeenth Conversation Chatting
Almad : Good - evening, Ibrahim !
Ibrahim : Good - evening ! Welcome,
Do come in / sit down .
Will you have tea with me
Ahmad?
Alnnad : Thank you , I’ve just had /
drunk.
Ibrahim : Where then is Nabil?
Ahmad : While I was going down, he
was coming with me but
couldn’t because he’s
feeling somewhat tired.
Ibrahim : Does that mean he’s at
home now ?
Ahmad : Yes , he’s a sleep
Ibrahim : Oh no ! I wish him a speed
recoveiy
Ahmad : Thank you , (Response.)
Ibrahim: And where were you all this
time ? I haven’t seen you
since ages!
Alnnad : I was very busy in the
exams.
V (jjs cJjj > JI—«I :
G (j£! Like c^L*- » JjL Ulj
. ^jL l C J--J
. 4__i :
cj S_j!l Jjk Cj__j—S , ilj :
.a L« Ul V A
! (jUj
- 174 -
Ibrahim : And what news?
Ahmad : Thank God . I’ve just
finished yesterday.
Ibrahim : Did you do well ?
Ahmad : Of course . I had studied
everything.
Ibrahim : And what do you intend (o
do after that?
Ahmad : I’m travelling tomorrow ,in
fact.
Ibrahim : Where are you going?
Ahmad : I’m going to Alexandria.
Ibrahim : Will you stay long there?
Ahmad : No I’ll be returning in
a week , God willing.
V ____kV! 4jI j : jjl
, Д (J_____£ <*T| Lil . I»jLi : Лд-к!
л я—j <|l . ж—J 1/ j : jjI
i ^з1.miд 1>I A jl II I
.Alli jl
- 175-
j ,„Л1 *i i и* pi p
LESSON EIGHTEEN
The Imperative:
The Imperative Mood is derived from the Imperfect 2^ person masculine ,
feminine and plural. y,j| •
у ;| : (.Ila-»
J M ‘U *i ~ (imperfect)
Ijj—sLi • (imperative)
Iji 1..2> Li •L-k-Ji -V (imperfect)
у,, ,..j ki L_i (imperative)
• * 1 j » * . Д—i. Л—J (imperfect)
(imperative)
1- Repeat:
&
-176-
jjj—l_ill ij 1
2- Give orders to a boy : ; H| ,| -y
•йзо-^-d-^ сЛ- ....................
• с-Лх“5л .................
• l5.j3 ................
.Я-4-^i ....................
.u ........................
.................
•»J—4—......................
.................
.d^ .......................
-177 -
3- Complete the following :
: I < -1
. __s__Zill i_j—4—SI
. (_ilziSJI j_____il
-178-
5- Give orders to а girl :
6- Complete the following :
- т-
.< 1Л.Л11 I il
'j-
. 0 I j_____4.
8- Give order to a group of people :
: >4 ji — Л
• c5y
9- Complete the following :
I jjIa
—*—
IjIL-^J
- 180 -
Negation :
Don’t you go !
Don’t go .
Don’t go
(no need to go).
You musn’t leave.
There are four ways in which to give negative commands . Here ,
they are arranged on the basis of intensity, graded from strongest to
mildest
* Notice that the strength of the order depends on the intonation .
1-Repeat:
: oLu >aj
_lLw=s
. J—J c-jl
, j__M hl, ~i dll—J
-181 -
• • иЧи____sGu—* Ь>
Jjj3Lu_j (Ji—« . (jjsUu Ji—«
2- Negate each of the following imperative forms .
Give the four possibilities for each case :
, <—>1 ji L_J_J_SI
* '
. ujlji L-i—j S-j _________j
, l^jl Ji yA-44--S—J Ц
, uJ Ji Lu _S—J ji Ji-------л
. (_Jji La___J__S___j ^jC-jl
: GwjxJI : J...'—a
: lJUJI
S iiill <—ijui
*
. jjxJI <JjtS
. 3_Lj—Л L_i_S jl
X <*
• g-j J j—jl
. oL—4 £ JJ
-182-
jrl ' 4JUL-J2I : ) ...Л|Г1 4ujLxa1I
The Eighteenth Conversation : Widi the Maid and the Cook
- Please Sa^diyya , wash the
clothes and take them for ironing.
* Yes , Sir .
- Do you have money for the
ironing?
* Yes , I have what’s left of
yesterday’s money.
- Fine . Abdu 1
What are you serving us for
lunch?
* May be I won’t prepare anything .
We still have a lot of food left
over from yesterday.
- Listen Abdu , I want you to make
two steaks and some rice , and
don’t forget the salad . I might
bring a friend of mine to have
lunch with me.
* With pleasure, Sir.
oOjl^-ill 4—jl It 1 (J< .hI.-a
• •
. A (_$—I—л—Ы Ls —j
—,1 (j—4 d—
- 183 -
Lesson Ninteen
1- Answer as indicated :
(</u)
2- Rearrange the following words in order to make a complete sentence
each time . Make any necessary elision :
_su
-184 -
л
u'u“- 1 3
jla
3- Reverse the subject as shown in the example :
XwA.
•J'
,1д Lua 11^.1
4.
4- Answer using / St' / :
- 185-
• •
V Ua (j—a t'l i__jLj jjjl
V 4-*_______LI j
? ljujjS _____2jt& Cjjl
5- Fill in the slots :
Write (imperative) ’ja-i-kl i_j j SI
^-Л 0 ull
jjj
Listen (imperative)
Bring (imperative)
CjIa
Come (imperative)
-186-
6- Add an appropriate imperative to each of (he following :
J (/
j CJuSI
a 6 jliuJI
J
7- Change into affirmative command :
•®_A? ' (ji^J
- 187-
The Nineteenth Conversation ; With the Director
The director: Is there any body
waiting for me
outside?
The secretary: Yes. There’s
somebody who wants
to see you
The director: Tell him to come in ,
please.
(A student in the director’s office)
The director : Welcome . Please
have a seat. May I help
you?
The student: In fact, I’ve come
from the Embassy of
Canada . I work there,
and I would like to
join your program.
The director : How long are you
staying in Egypt?
The student: Maybe for a year or
two . I don’t exactly
know.
j___J < (J_ i j j 4 _ 1; j—<11
V1
д tj ..Д -1 -11 . . q —a I • j'Ml
Vdlj_tLJ
- 188-
The director : Fine . Please take an
application from the
secretary and fill it in .
write all the
information and
bring it back.
The student: To whom do I give it ?
The director : Bring it here , or give
it to the secretary.
The student: May I bring it in a
while?
The director : Sure . I’m staying until
two o’clock . Bring it at
any time.
The student: Thank you very much .
The director: Don’t mention it. Good
3i.LuJI 4-itl_____________1 Д______c-li 111 (J—4 • _J—J-l-Jl
J Ui ui-il : uJUall
. Ju*_jui к_a. . jS__I
X "
luck.
-189-
Lesson twenty
The Conditional sentence:
if lol
if У
/ lai / - / j—! I - / У / are always followed by the Past Tens in the first
half of the sentence ; this poses the condition The result follows in the
second half , and it could be either Future , Imperative or Modal +
Imperfect.
There are two types of Conditionals :
A- Possible conditions .
B- Contrary to fact.
A. Possible Conditions :
—5—a. (_У^ Bl : 5«
If the weather is fine , we will go out. (Future)
• У djs ‘ l>—ui—A —i—Bl
If you see Hasan , tell me .(Imperative)
. lai
If he is hungry , he must eat, (Modal + Imperfect).
- 190-
1-Repeat:
. i (ju_jjlS
cjI
• fO 4 L^j3—3 t-l J—5
.e3 (—11 jxJI < J jiij£ “Л (^^LIS У
* -
__U—$ 4 ЯЗ—3>LJI Cj_____Ixj 131
2-Fill in the spaces with the suitable word missing :
4 ----j f-------3». 131
. I U 1 tMlll
(by plane.)
.jSLi a jJa j i—к 4 L$j3—3 lip ua .................
3rChange the person indicated ;
-i C> ix 131
• •• •
-191
£ li„ l л 131
Л 131
4-Fill in with the suitable verb :
•IZ1 ‘ L-^1
5- Repeat:
- 192 -
. l^.L,As, j q—чд. -4 (jjj 4 I dll ill f - —2 & I* J—-J
. Jjj Д a. 4 (jujli <dLua (ji jlS La (jl
• £?_) aLa. (j‘‘ a ( (JJ1 Jj£ J ~ill (jt jls La 131
• XX
.Л,д .‘i..a (j5—a < UjL.i all (jTi ,*i я—SJ La (jl
. 4 Uli a (jl—^a 4 (JU — Jj£ (J* ilS La 4, lll^ll J—I
В-Contrary to Fact:
. (^ I _. i!2i (jl£ i 4.,, ,x (jlS 131 : (J—i—»
If he had come , he would have seen me ,
.i-ij—c. (jl£ 4 (^i I ‘2
If he had waited , he would have known .
♦..bjjg
(succeeded / passed) . p ?—J jlS 4 jSI д *j-J
(together) .1 Bj_SIS I—1> <_jL—SJI dj—jla о—jl£ j—I
• > X > * * '
. ftl'i < * I '__£ 4 oj___da La-oll 11... a_j I I . j—I
i
. i—jl j 4-La i^-iLa- (jl£ 4 4j jLS (jl£ I jl
(S tOry) • 'Ц1£г»|| (jlft 4j I jlU ljjl£ 4 о jiLi ljjl£ I SI
♦ - • *
.«д___£ I"4 * <j“1 сА-ь j—।
. 1^1 Ij IjS I—j £ 4 LLua dl—a. 4.**1... *A£ j—I
• f • > t ! ,
.4-jj i_ Л —j—S 4 —aLui (^j_j—£ j—I
/ • * *
. 4_jljaJI 4jj3I :j j £ 4 | lL-^j j—।
* * «» *
X
. Ij-^ 4____з l_^jl£ 4 «3!__jts l^jl^ j—I
-193-
Proverbs JIj—J
- If your friend is nice don’t exploit 4 I < y^.., 41 5 u J k ys у -
him.
- If you fall in love , choose a proper 4 y_, t y_l_i 3 kl >, ’< л у -
person to love , and if you steal, j \ 4 -...t
steal something that’s worth it.
- When the cat is away , the mice . yj l ; ; u t V, fli ljU. у -
can play.
- If words are silver , silence is gold. JH t a *>, fr y_ p jl—S Bl -
.< I ,A>3
- If the flower withers , its smell ,|д a ifl t > у
(scent) is still there.
- If you need something from a dog, <J n t t>, i kli л V r, ys yj -
call him “Sir” ! L
- If there had been any good in it, , jjJI 0Uj y$ u t ys yj -
the bird wouldn’t have thrown it
away.
- 194-
< a jwdl ^с...al 1 j j : <‘9 yjjdl 4j^L>-J|
The T wentieth Conversation : The Summer program
Samir : What will you do during the
holidays , Nadia ?
Nadia : I may travel abroad, God
willing.
Samir: Why do you say “ may”?
Nadia : Because I’m not sure . If I
finish my thesis before next
month , I’ll be able to travel.
Samir : And if you don’t finish it,
what then?
Nadia :If I don’t finish it, then I’ll
have to stay.
Samir: And if you don’t go abroad ,
what will you do?
Nadia : If 1 don’t travel, I’ll
probably go to Alexandria
for a few days after I finish .
Samir : And if you go to Alexandria,
will you go with the family
or alone?
$4 j.'ll_j L 5 jG-VI 4_>1 ^1a—л.,-*!—a. : j-iaja
.ajjI c-Li (2)1 j _) sGI (j—. a—j : AjjL
j a j
- 195 -
Nadia : With the family of course .
We are conservative people ,
as you know ! And what are
you going to do?
Samir : If I get money, I’m going to
do the same as you and go
somewhere ; If I don’t (get
money), I’ll stay here,
Nadia ; I’ve got a wonderfill idea.
Why don’t you study
something?
Samir : If there’s a program in
summer ,1’11 participate in it;
if not, I leave it to the decision
of God.
, ^1 4 Quli Li_U 4 1л—j—la ALxJI £—a : 4_plj
J—a—л—ДА.
j_aLulj dl__a j J—«—Ыа. У <—? У :
.!’> , А 3_X_sLa УЙ-А.1 j» У J 4 4j-A
I a 4u J ! 3 I у aj -5 s —j-----c- : —jjIj
__aIa. (_P_p--J Le I (_Р------a
< an^ill —j я atij-J (Д—9 (jl—S j-J : Jia Ml
C? J—-I lA—'—• У J ‘
GLOSSARY
English - ARABIC
This glossary is meant to be used as a word list for textbook
“YALLA - NDARDISH ” only . As such , it contains only words or
expressions found in the book itself.
Before using this glossary , the student should refer to the text book
itself for grammar explanations and basic word patterns (plurals ,
conjugations ,..,.etc.) . Forms of address , numbers , money , and telling
tune are all subjects listed and explained in the book . The student is
expected to refer to those particular sections .
Nouns are listed in the singular , with the plural following in
parenthesis if it is irregular , otherwise either (at) or (S.pl.) is given ,
referring to sound feminine plural and sound masculine plural respectively
Verbs are listed in the perfect tense of the 3rd person masculine
singular' with the imperfect in parentheses ,
Other abbreviations :
anim animate
a.p active participle
imper imperative
inanim inanimate
n. noun
V. verb
ENGLISH АКлШС
Below are listed most of the English lexical items for which there are
Arabic equivalent in the text of Yalla Ndardish. In some cases a note is
placed in parentheses after a word in order to specify the lexical use of the
word where otherwise this would be unclear . For example . “cook (v.)”
refers to the verb “to cook” , rather than the noun “cook” . (Nouns are
assumed unless otherwise marked).
(A)
able : to be all * »
about (prep.) • «• alright
above AA also
abroad i always Lu
add C - jl i zi American
address (jlj i amuse : to - oneself
advance:in- - •• > s—л and J
affair angry c- J
afraid : to be- i "*4 angry: to become- •
after J я J another c/b
afternoon —Lil a_ j—j answer
again answer: to- <_jl A
air any V*
airplane sji—A-h apartment ft
airport jlk-A apples » ^-L_i □
algebra J-4— appointed : to be-
-3-
April <Ди—j' as
approximately . ..Ljj , ij ..1 ascend, go up La
Arabic ashtray A Ijlila
arithmetic <—jUu a. at x_lS
army August » » »
around autumn
arrive • available • • '
(B)
B.A ijnil uijl belonging to J
bad; badly сЛ-f-J beside • CJ J Ль
bag 3U 1 A better b—-!>>
bananas big jn,^
bathroom bird jAi
be L)IS black Л J lul
beans (J A blackboard SJJ J
beautiful blue
because *jl*j & 4 'fj] (J— blue : dark -
become ' "J book <_ib s
bookstore
DC Cl before * <i bored: to become- <3—
begin Vs bom : to be -
behind *ljj borrow • * < «1 * jj>l
bell CHJ— both
-4 -
box r.Jux. brooch
boy brother
bread brown
breakfast jllai building s'jLu-&
breakfast: to eat- j-k-i bus
bride 4 All C. busy a a dj* Л -л
bring CjIa < LAa. but dC»l 4 0^1
broad butler
broken buy
broker by
(C)
cafeteria check (restaurant)
Cairo S'j_a13I cheese
can Д Ле, chemistry
car 4_u^. . о chess
carry JU child dlla • A—Ь
cash (v.) црадй cigarette
cat и » cinema
chair » class (JLa—Л
chalk j^Ua classroom
change(of money) fi clean
chat (v.) clever j liLS
chatting A— clock Д—ЬЬл
cheap Ьп -A j clothes
-5-
club
coffee
coin, silver
cold
colleague
collect (money)
colloquial
come
commerce
company
complete (v.)
completely
congratulations
dark (of colors)
date
daughter
day
dear
december
decide
department
descend
—3 conservative constipation consultation tii .al 0 jLuUxul
contact (v.) JLajI
continue j&J
conversation
cook (v.) • -
correct
1 <?
count (v.) ) . ..c.
country
crowded 4 Л—a-j
culture litS—j
currently ••
(D)
• (jjjolc- desk A
detail
• • О *—> daiklo- a- number l_j 1—ь
diamond
dianhea
«.V на.
dictionary
j'jS difficult С-1Я L-a
dinner
i 1 4 \ dinner :to eat- LF^'
- б -
director dirty j j4 л dollar door t_iL
discuss (jti. ^Iril doorman ujIjj
disturbance ^tc. jl downstairs • <- Cjkj
dizzy downtown *2
do • dress
doctor drink (v.) «* <*
dog uk drive (v.)
doll ^JJC- driver (E)
early engineer
earn . win engineering
earth lP’J English
easy • enjoy : to-oneself • • • Vi . 1-Л il l'll
eat * enough Ajlib
economics bL-aisI enter
egg Europe
Egypt J evaluation, grade
Egyptian evening p LuX>4
elementary every
embassy Sjtiul exactly Vl11 znllJ
employee • fi exam qIauLiI
emptiness t’j-i examination 1 t HI
-1-
example e.g * X 1 a exercise
excellent exhausted d£j—-
exchange (v.) • expensive
excuse: - me ’dbil ij—c- exporting
(F)
face LFJ fish dl лхн
faculty floor lP’J* JJJ
family flower 3 3 J )
far food J-a
fat ’uA-j for (jLuir^t —1
father Д—llj forget (v.)
February fourth : one- &
feel 0 •' J. * ' J* UJ i QU 7> frankly
few j j i s free
fill (v.) French (_5jLu—jji
film fresh ajUa
final Friday 4 я II
find (v.) friend i—)
fine Jlc- from •
finish (v.) front :in- ’fjx—3
first Л' fruit Д—4—kli
-8-
garden generally graduate (v.) grammar
geography grapes • e
geometry • great
‘CuiAj i Infs»
get up green
• • *d
girl • 4 greet * n n1
*
give
grey
go grocer
gold cb
L_1 groom 4 •»
good ground uHyjc- Ubjl • 4 U-iixia
good -.bye guest
half Л (H) here liA * “ ** •
hall happen happy чЛ-к-л high history hit
happy: to be- • 4 Jnuljil — home •
he home : go-
headache honesty •• kljLa
hear honey *»
hello * • 2)Сдк is-> i« ", „ hot *• f
help (v.) Д. C»Ixm
-9-
hotel • » eft i.J hungry У-4-
hour Lu hungry (to become..)
house hurry - in a -
housewife how • * Ош Olui 'c/'jl husband (1) cjj
ice j in 4^
idea OJ S i infornialion oL л
if yj t 13k у injection
illness cA>—A inside & f о j....
imagine intelligent
important (4—- intending uSjb
imported interesting
importing □IjjIuiI invitation
impossible (JjTbTui^ ironing (or the iron) (J) 0
jacket ♦ joke (v.) V 6,'
jam juice
January УД) July jAw ‘ AlljJ
Japanese join оЛЦ -7-J 0^' June
- 10-
(К)
key - money kilogram 5-J > kind know
kilometer " *
laboratory (L) light (n.) J J3
lamp 41a) light (adj. of color)
language * like (v.) * *•
last .... Citi ( jJajl) listen •
late (5JAJ l JA.Ua local
learn * • look (v.) f J 1
leave (v.i.) uA ‘ c j— look at cA/ -5-1 СНЧ
(v.t.) t-jlui look for
lecture long diA1
left (JLejjj lose t
lemons JjaJ love L.J П
lesson LZp low
letter luck k_k
level (_gJ)UAA lunch
library lunch : to eat -
life 5 LI.
(M)
magazine 2 milk b-4-d
make (J 1... r. million • ujA4
man d—dj moment WJ
mangoes • Monday
many money
-и -
march month j—a—
market • more ’(jLok t JjSI
mathematics morning i~a
matter morning: in the-
May mostly
maybe J jla. *• mother бЛ-Jlj 4 (J
meal 4.! -kl mouse
mean : that - movement 4 _k
meat 4 much (—)
medicine museum • • L-i л—J—
meet music
memorize Ji—j—=». (N) must
name necessity (* J j—
narrow 0 needle OJ jl
near • »' * negate
necessary never I'a-J *
new \1J Л noon J d k
news ki not o* A
newspaper Jb-4 notebook
next to • • * C-U now
night ’ey number аде. i ijAi
no Si nurse
noise 4— (0)
objection only
obtain open (v.)
October opinion
of course U,.,A-L opposite
officer X or
oil • orange
old X jjjS < ^41 other
once OJ л outside
one —A.lj I owner (P)
paper 0JJ pass by
party X • pay
pass (v.) cjli pen
people possible
perhaps j 5' possibly
permission (jbi potatoes
picture •jjua preparatory
piece 4 * prepare : to prepare
o.s
pink ^Д—.J prescj'iptipn
place "(jlS 4 present (adj.)
plain (of coffee) ojtul pretty
-13-
play (v.) <—W J probable .probably
pleasant LblaJ •• professor
please • •* program
pleasure purse
politics «LmAjuI (Q) put
question JijH quickly
quick £—ij— (R) reassure :(o reassured
rain J-J3—л
read 1J h red
ready relax
really b^3 religion
Д_9 П
-14-
remainder A restaurant • la 'л
remember rice Уэ
remove JU rich
repeat * к ride (v.)
report Iwj-A-2 right • * -La jl la л ( Д
request (v.) uLl ring (v.) • ** ' •
reside u. room 4_S^ajl
respectable ' J-U—kL run (v.)
responsible « J (S)
salad self (JMlj
same U11 -*—'' sell
sandals Ja... semester tAj-i J-baS
sandwich 0^3"'^ i send <"< « j
Saturday C H mll September Jut
say JIS serious 3
school 4 .. <i service 4... Zla,
science • L_& she
season J ... i shirt b-U
second i shoes
secondary i/A short JJ 1-0 2
secretary show (v.) </Jj
see <-iU sick
seem silence •
silver aZ >1 stairs
sister stand (v.)
sit stay, sat (v.)
skirt j steak
sleep (v.) stomach
slow stop (v.)
slowly t- * J straight ahead ,
small Jj—'T ' straight away
smart • удд strange
smell 4 dU street
smoke cigarettes ~>_mi I— story
• 1 - student
snow
studies
soap JjjUa
soldier tjjSL—b study
some, somewhat stupid
sometimes LiL rd и subscription
substitute
son
__ , _ 1 subtract
song 4 i j C.1 ••
succeed
sorry U-fi Mil
sound sugar
speak •Д11 / £ suit
speed 4i. j—mi suitable
spend <_i j—м3 suitcase
summer
spoon 4-SJ J> a
spring Sunday
-16-
supposed to hbjjs—« swim (v.)
sure swimming pool
sweet
(T)
table thing
tablet third da-llS
tape this LjJ l oJ
take, take to (JJj с Д—к throw CT aJ
tall • Thursday CW—
tangerines * ticket о j—£л .J
taxi, cab tight lW—*“‘a
tea time (_13j 4 oj <j
teach « и -• tip * л".
teacher • * - > U^J-3 4 tired uh *»
telephone tired : to become
television UJij— today
temperature together 1 JJJJi
tennis tomatoes A LjS
thank - you 1 Д tomorrow
there djlj fe town Л 1 ...j
thesis traffic JJJ—’л
they ?—k train 'j-i-S
thin • 0 •* trainer *
think jSSil < *jk_i travel (v.)
- 17-
trip try (V.) JjLs.
trousers truth (jjllah 4 e (U) Tuesday
under H Л until J S» 1 i AjliJ
understand upstairs
undress useful • • » **
university unpleasant L-.L (V) usually oilc.
vacation 0 vitamin
very voice
visit (v.) (W) vowel aSj
wait watch (n.)
waiter watch (v.)
wake up water •*
walk (v.) wear QU Л
wall 4^'x weather J ?
want wedding • •
Wednesday frtkjjSU wine - red •• •
week f ujI winter
welcome: you’re welcome 1 with
well wither J—p
what s' without
-18-
when woman C_LmJ
where wonderful
where : from word
where
white work (n.)
who work (v.) • — X-* у
why 4_J •* world kS
wide write ; гл
wife CJj wrong V-3a.
window 'dJILi; (Y)
year 4 j In yoghurt LS-ibj
yellow -j_aj you • • * • jSjl dul
yes young *-a
yesterday
ARABIC - ENGLISH
- 19-
(0
(with negative ) never
April
white
how much ; how many ; how long
here is ; that is
to add
(form of address) I yes
vacation
people ; relatives
(reply to “tisbah ala xer”
hello (greeting)
here is ; there are
red
better
sometimes
food; meal
__aI < l ja!
J "A
uijki
.) « J_£l
-20-
thousand ; thank you very much
diamond
matter, affair;
at your service
I leave it to God
American
I
to subtract
(from of address ) Miss
Wednesday
ground; earth
sorry
sorry for
yellow
because
first
at the beginning
news
green
brother
yes
any
blue
to give
to begin
needle ; injection
to think ; to remember
answer
a!) j—
(сД^_Р)
< « -1
csJk- (_i_
j___S_La < __La < j—S—Laf
Jjt
" djSfl
‘ djjl
(jl —) AjLJ
-21 -
we
to speak
less
that; which; who (relative)
to join
yesterday
constipation
examination (school)
if
to enjoy oneself
English
God willing
you
economics
diarrhea
name
to exchange
to borrow (money)
to continue
to wait (for)
to prepare (oneself)
to borrow (not money)
importing
to rest, relax
consultation
black
-22-
to buy
to work • <• • x X» ((Jiluu) ijiiuil
subscription dll
to enjoy oneself; be happy • • • ( b Xljij) fxuujl
come in , sit down , go ahead (JИ8>l
(used mostly in imperative) to watch Gf.A) (A
to discuss ((jJSlij) (jiiSlil
two: • o^jjl
both
Monday
to amuse oneself
to imagine (JJ^y)
to contact * ((Jutajj) —j (JLajI
to be bom (aljjj) jJjjI
to graduate fc
to learn f • * • (*^IxSj)
to have dinner (сг^) is^\
to be appointed (Ь5*ч) lh"'
to have lunch «* • * • ((jSijj) cS^l
to be reassured ((J Ь"и) (jabll
don’t (jC. j| - jl) (jjC- jl
don’t *dlty
if 131
-23-
permission
excuse me , after / with your permission
disturbance
preparatory
preparatory certificate
room
October
mother
Europe
bus
but, then ?
week
last week
professor
(from of address) to a highly skilled
worker
sister
song
August
(m)
to become
(also , as interjection : then)
grocer
door
to begin
to substitute , to change
suit
lPJ
<A>jl jj£-
jl зЫ
4^1
(<Л-М сЛ
(ujI^jI) <—>L
early
remainder
to occur to
town ; country
don’t; forget (it)
pink
purple
bank
trousers
cold
ten piasters
only
outside ; abroad
to look at
tip
(from of address ), engineer
potatoes
slow
not bad
doorman
information (written)
he seems
she seems
unpleasant
to sell
jl
(j^U) л, I
• •
Q.1 * J
цзХ"1 « > J
j.)
jjjllaj—J
(lL>L) ___j__j)
• *
to send
after :
after that
eggs (collective)
eggs (countable)
white
(from of address), Sir
house; home
girl, daughter
beer
program
slowly
of, belonging to
far
brooch
steak
tomorrow
Just fine (health wise)
brown
Oranges (collective)
an orange
orange (color)
detail
under, downstairs
-26-
taxicab
God bless the marriage
drill, exercise
second , other, another, again
evaluation
with highest honors
report
approximately
history , date
exporting
ticket
come (imper, only)
tired
one - half piaster
Telephone ; telephone call
tennis
commerce
television
figs
fat
to become tried
(*)
second (period of
time)
secondary
culture
snow, ice
third
(<A£)
u-JIj
-27-
to come
to bring
algebra
serious:
be serious
seriously
ready
camel
everyone (form of address )
by, beside
beautiful
university
bell: doorbell
waiter
letter
to answer
weather
maybe
coming
next week
next year
(pair of) shoes
to become hungry
hungry
army
cheese
very
new
(Egyptian) pound
garden
-28-
to run
riday
<irt
newspaper journal
iside
geography
(c)
iove, like
dear, beloved
someone, anyone:
Sunday
until
you (polite form of address )
yes sir, sure
to memorize
party
thing
(from of address ) to a man who
has performed the pilgrimage
truth
really, actually
currently
thank God
bathroom :
swimming pool
->w) if J*
6
Lil
4 1Q -v U
All Лал II ( Дал.
* #
AsdtMill
-29-
red
vowel: movement
temperature ; dial tone (in
telephone)
hot (for weather)
Hot (feeling hot)
to feel
to happen :
to obtain
to put
around, about
about... ago
to try
life
luck:
good luck
wall
story
arithmetic ; check . bill:
at the expense of
piece; place
sweet; pretty
government
injection
free; independent
(c)
to take
green
to be afraid
a.p jI'j-S.
0
completely , very (with neg.) , at all
to finish
leave , keep , make , have (someone
do something), (impci:) be , stay
Thursday
to go out
autumn
(a.p. xarag)
good (n):
good morning
good evening
good night
service
to be finished
key - money
to lose
green
this ; that
to pay
gold
golden (color)
to chase
Chatting
to teach
Lesson
medicine:
antacid, digestive
syrup
noise
to look for
to entering
enter
dizzy
always
invitation
to wither
now
religion
studies
December
doctor
dollar
floor
world
(from of address) boss
opinion
God
spring
man
(jJ)
enj
(aJUj) JJ)
- 32
(a.p. ol ^j)
to go
to throw
to go home
(a .p. of clj)
to return
smell
trip
to ride
thesis
cheap
mathematics
20 piasters:
10 piasters
one- fourth
possibly, maybe
thin
grey
Greek , cheese
prescription
-33-
rice
( j)
yoghurt
crowded
intelligent
to study
time:
a long time ago , for a long time
he’ll be here soon
to visit
blue (f.)
like
how?
how are you ?
angry
oil
butter
colleague
to become bored
to get angry
husband
wife
blue (pl.)
(j^)
OJ j1 / i3J j
(cjAjj) d* j
‘ ‘ 6 J J / 0jj
- J4 -
to drive
to leave (behind)
black - board
Saturday
plain (of coffee)
to travel
easy
to reside
(a. p of(jS^<)
peace
hello ; goodbye
(exclamation) to show admiration
and that will do , in any way
to greet
(response)
allow
please
fish
(a.p. of £^)
year, this year
sandwich
to steal
quick
together
(u^y) cA*
J
-35-
driver
(from of address) Mr.
cold (inanim)
hour , watch , clock
what time is it ?
to make happy
to help
happy
hello , good - bye
September
Sir
embassy
cigarette
secretary
stairs
to listen , to hear
broken
cinema
woman
house — wife
politics
black
market
question
sugar
silence
pleasure
speed
( CjI_) AiLui
<• AbUI
Cl.I >11 C-Lu)
(eljU) / (Jj-
(л1лы>1)
-36-
quickly
apartment, flat
to see
month
to carry , to remove
purse , bag , suitcase
(a.p.of ч-i
tape
street
chess
smart, clever
tea
(a.p of i—»li)
to feel
window
severe
5 piasters
left
to drink :
to smoke cigarettes
company
winter
thank you
work
somewhat; a little
piastre
morning
good morning
।
(response)
soap
bar of soap
(a.p. of
friend ; owner
correct, (as question) really?
hall
salad
sandal
to spend (money)
difficult
summer
to wake up
voice, sound
in the morning
headache
yellow pl.
picture
small, young
- 38 -
(с> )
to hit; to ring
necessary
guest
noon:
afternoon
all (with periods of time):
right away , forever , straight
ahead
(b)
tomatoes
chalk
to cook
of course
ashtray
to request, to dial
student
(a.p. of 4AL)
(a.p. of
table
long, tall
airplane
all right
fresh
bird
upset stomach
to go up (to)
-39-
pleasant
officer
exactly
number (figure)
usually
to country
you’re welcome
to be pleasing to :
whatever you like
opposite:
on the contrary
fine
on
high
to swim
to make , do
(from of address) uncle
colloquial
about
Arabic ,Arab
car
groom
bride, doll
broad
(a.p. of
honey
Lil
LLl>
(Jjc.1)
soldier
juice
dinner
because , for
broken , out of order
want
great
bread
family
can, box
science
building
grapes
address
to know
to love
generally
to be away
lunch
wrong (inanim)
expensive
mostly
dark (of colors)
rich
strange
to wash
without
-41 -
( u)
silver; coin
to prefer
free; empty
please
poor
fruit
thought
change (money)
to think (about)
mouse
wedding
French
emptiness:
free time
happy
classroom ; class ; season
semester
to pass :
to pass by
last week
last year
to open
open ; light (of colors)
where?
in
CjIs ^1)1
(c^) с54
jli
- 42 -
February
there is , there are
to understand
Idea ; thought
film
to be / become happy
breakfast
to have breakfast
really , actually
above ; upstairs
beans
money
hotel
dress
literary Arabic
(0)
to meet
before
old (not of people)
able I to be able (v.)
coffee
to say
to undress ; to take off (clothing )
to get up
moon
shirt
to read
train
very; very much
tablet (s), pill (s)
S'-J. . 5
l3_P
j_j_i
J ‘.I »
jA_3 / >U
( Jj ..t .. j) JU
(e 1 M У-*
J—4-5
(jlwi A , ft)
(*jM 'j-5
jA_s
-43 -
to sit; to stay 1 —1—j) -i—*—s S pls
sitting to be able to (jip) JA-S
piastre to cash ; to collect (money)
pen (^J—si) f- V-S
dJ)
kebab (kind of meat) Lls
cafeteria (cJ )
to eat (JSL) J*
dog (u_dl£)
to speak to
how many?
how much ? ? U?
also, more
to complete (JA)
to be (CuM
to repeat (I*)
lazy examination (by a doctor)
write (lUj) Us
as you wish *-*U iC « »—jjS
big, old that, so : № 0%
-45-
must
suitable for
why ?
night
to night
at night
for
because
to wear ; to put on (clothing)
B.A.
to play
good bargain
necessity :
when necessary
language
congratulations
happy
(from of address ) madam
school
there is / are none
supposed to
local
office, desk
library, bookstore
Ironing, an iron
ironing shop
to fill
Ш11
_____i
Up
(Ul)
(Jail)
- 46 -
what’s wrong with you ? pleasure
mangoes objection illness * • (tjbl jlol) Lpaj-a
sick, patient March
time ; once this time (ujI j
matter (All
example for example responsible Egypt Egyptian busy (як!) Sec. (JjJJUM» • * •
museum • • •
rain
airport _Д1аьв
restaurant
topic, subject present, available May • (cjlc. juJa’juj) £
water Aja *
right, just right spoon, spoonful never mind • AaIjua
information
laboratory
guest (at a party)
(from of address) maitre
waiter
from
magazine
million
from
who, whom ?
from where ?
jam
evening
good evening
(a.p. of Jb)
(a.p. of c^l)
(a.p. of SiJ)
not
to walk , to leave
late
(a.p. of cr^l)
(a.p. of cs'jiJ)
(a.p. of cx^-)
a.p. of jSI3)
stomach
bananas
in advance
trainer
teacher
director
-48-
fruitful, useful
engineer
important
Lecture
conversation
conservative
Respectable
Probably
Nurse
possible , possibly
excellent
exhausted
to go down
November
light
half
kind
forget
to subtract
club
to negate
ame, self
ay yourself
day
to - day
to sleep
people
(Jjv) Jjy
(<Л)
(jAj
Intending to
(a.p. of ?b)
(a.p. of Jjj)
win - red
clean
to succeed
final
number
geometry , engineering
(from of address ) lady
(said by host to guest after
drinking something)
the pyramids
Bring (imperative only)
air
wonderful
to joke
here
there
she
clothes
they
-50-
to take (some where)
one
(a.p. of OSj)
(a.p. of *JS)
(with neg.) a single
boy , son , child
father
mother
or
cigarette lighter
behind
paper (collective)
piece of paper , note
flower
to show
wide
time
low
late
and
bad, badly
to stand ; to stop
dirty
to arrive
face
eixlj I
t_isl j
JSJj
Vj
LyJ.
Л-Jlj
ъ
(ou_)
• - -
(JJJ
((jtjjl ) ASjj
(Jjj) »JJJ
<3jj
-51 -
(С5)
(particle used to address people before the
name)
Japanese
oh!
let’s
let’s go
January
I wish , were
that means it that
what does that mean ?
right (direction)
perhaps
day
July
June
tangerines
Yalla - Ndardlsh hi - l^arabi
Let’s Chat in
ARABIC
This book deals with the basics of Egyptian colloquial
Arabic in a simplified way, which follows the most modern
methods of teaching a second language.
It includes 650 basic words, of the Egyptian colloquial
Arabic which enable the learner to understand and communicate
with ease.
It includes the basic rules of grammar as well as
conversations and dialogues about everyday activities such as
shopping, visiting a doctor’s clinic, taking a taxi, renting an
apartment, talking about studies, and the like.
The book is the result of authors’ long experience in
teaching the language to foreigners of many different
nationalities.
“In my opinion, this is rhe best book available for beginning
students of colloquial Egyptian Arabic. (1 am familiar with four or
five other texts produced over the past 15 years). It is
linguistically sound, grammatically well - balanced, and has
excellent basic vocabulary.”
Dr. Margaret (Omar) Nydell
FSI Arabic Test Specialist