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XOJl;HT BO BTOpOI"1 nOJIOBUlIe Boi1I1bl, IwrAa
COI03HUKU MOrJIII ycnen npUllTII na COeJl;II-
HeHue CO CKH<paMII.
E. A. Pa3UH, 113YQaBIIIUH BoeHHoe UC-
KyCCTBQ CIIH<P0B, pa3J1;eJIUJl BOMHY CIIl:I<POB
C nepcaMU Ha Jl;Ba nepnOJl;a. IIepBLJii Bl{JIIO-
'raeT Bper.m OT nepcxo):(a ncpCOB qCpe3
,IXYHaI"I, oTcTynJIeHUe CIUI<pOB 3a ,JJ,OH,
B03BpaIII.eHUe UX B CKU<Pl:IIO II Ha'IaJIO
neperOBopOB C nepcaMU, npeJJ,JIaraBIIIII-
MU IIpUHHTb ooiL BTOpOii: nepuoJJ, npo-
J\OJIiHaeTCH J\O oercTBa nepcoB 3a ,IXy-
Ha:ii 151 .
MbI CqUTaeM, 'ITO oOJIee npaBUJIbHO pa3-
Jl;eJIUTb BeCb XOJl; BoiiHbl He Ha Jl;lla, a Ha
TpU nepuOAa, HaiRAbIll U3 ROTOpbIX xapaK-
Tepu3yeTcH U3MeHeHueM TeMIIa II nanpaB-
JIeHUH npOJl;BIImeHuH npOTuBOOOPCTBYIO-
m;lIX CTOpOH, UX OCTaHOBKaMU II Y1JaCTlleM
21
nOH! '38KCI-IHCKI-I
Pile. 4. KapTa CIm<!JWl 110 M. 11. ApTaMolloBY.
B HHX pa3JI.llqHbIX qaCTeR CRH«pcRoro
BOHCI\a.
IIepBwR rrepHoA HaqHHaeTCH C MOMeHTa
nepexop,a BORCR ,IJ;a pHH qepe3 ,IJ;YHaR H
aaBeprrraeTcH HX rrpHxop,oM B IIpHa30Bbe.
,IJ;J1}i Hero xapaKTepHO oTcTyrrJIeHlle CKII-
rpOB K BOCTORY H rrpeCJIe.n;OBaHHe HX rrep-
caMIl. Ha npOTflmeHHH Bcero norD nepllo-
Aa npOHCXOJ(HJIH, rrO-Bu.n;UMOMY, TOJIbRO
MeJllU1.e CTOJll\HOBeHHH OTAeJIbHbIX OTpH-
AOB. OTKpbITr.IX GoeB, Cy.n;H rro co06m.e-
HHIO l'epoAoTa, lie GbIJIO.
Cpa3Y me rrOCJIe COBeTa, Ha ROTOpOM
6MJI BbIpa60TaH mIaH BeAeH.HH BORHbr C
nepca m, «CI\HrpbI BbIcTyrrHJIH HaBC1'peqy
BoiiCKY .IJ:apHH, BWCJIaB BrrepeA caMbIX
JIyq""'IX BCaj(HHKOB... IIepeAOBOR OTpHJ(
C1\H1)()B, BCTpeTIIB rrepCOB Ha paCCTOHHHII
OKOJlO Tpex p,HeR nYTII 01' HCTpa, pacuo-
JIO/rHWCH JIarepeM Ha AeHb rrYT.H Brrepe-
All, JIcTpe6JIHH BCIO paCTIITeJIbHOCTb» 152.
E. A. Pa3HH 113 rrpllBeAeHHoro TeRCTa
fepoA<lTa p,eJIaeT HeBepHbIR BbIBOP, 0 Ha-
nMeHHH CKH«pOB Ha rrepCOB 153. B AeHCT-
BIITI)JI!,HOCTII apbeprapA CKH«pOB, COCTOH-
ID,Y!l'r H3 «caMbIX JIyqIlIIIX Bca.n;HIIROB»,
22
PIle. 5. I\apTa CKHcpnIl no E. H. rpaI\ony.
TOJIbRO orrpeAeJIHJI HaJIHqne rrpOT.HBHHRa
II, omHAaH OCTaJIbHble ClIJIbI, CTaJI BbIIIOJI-
HHTb HaMeqeHHbIfi rrJIaH - TICT peGJ! HTh
pacTHTeJlbHOCTb Ha rrYTII rrpoj(BHiI\eHIIH
rrepcoB.
Ha OrrIlCaH.HH fepo.n;oTa CJIeAyeT, qTO
31'0 6bVI aBaHrapA CHJI CRorraCHca. 3AeCb
co CTOpOHbI CKH«P0B BblcTyrraJIa, OqeBHJ(HO,
JIIIIlIb KOHHHIJ;a 1M, Ha'raBIIIaH «BeCTU»
rrepCOB qepe3 CTerrH Ha BOCTOI, K .IJ:OHY.
o TOM, '11'0 rrpoHCXoAHJIO Ha 8TOM oTpe3Ite
rrYTu, fepoAoT mIqerO He cooGID,aeT. O'le-
BUJ(HO, B 31'0 BpeMH He 6bIJIO OC06I,IX
CTOJIKHOBeHIIM, BOMHa rrpOXOAIIJIa no BbI-
pa60TaHHOMY CKH«paMH mIaHY, II rrepcbI
rrpOABIIraJIHCb rro Bbmm\eHHoii cTerrff.
TaK CKH«pbI CKorraCIIca II rrpeCJIeJJ;yroIJ..(He
HX rrepCbI rrpllIlIJIII B IIpHaaoBbe. ,IJ,0 :noro
MOMeHTa paCCRaa fepoAOTa 0 C06MTHHX
BOHHbI nepcoB co CKH«paMII 3ByqHT BrroJl:He
rrpaBAorrOJ(06HO (He CqHTaH Tex MOMCHTOB,
o KOTOpbIX peqb IlIJIa BbIIlIe). .IJ:aJIbHeHIlI.He
C06bIT.HH 3ByqaT HaMHoro HerrpaBp,orroAoG-
Hee. TaK, rro fepOAOTY, nepCM, rrpe-
CJIeAYH CRII«P0B, nepeUIJIII ,IJ,OH, BTopr-
JI.HCb B 3eMJI.H caBpOMaTOB, 3aTeM BepHY-
AH!1.POi!JArl1
I /r
HEBPbl MEJlAHXnEHbl
I \
5YiH1Hbi
7
PIIC. O. I\apTa C!UJ(!JlIH no A. H. TcpCHonU:Jmy
n B. A. HJlblIlICKOii.
JInCI, CHOBa B CIUl<plIIO. 3AecI, CIUl<pbI Haqa-
JIll (<B0AHTI,» nepCOB no 3eMJIHM CBOIIX
coceAeu C u;eJII,IO BOBJIeqCHIIH nOCJIeAHIIX
B BOMHY C ncpcaMII. BHatIa.'Ie OIUI BTopr-
JIHCI, B 3eMJIH 6YAIIHOB (CTporo rOBopH,
AeJIaTb :no ObIJIO He 06H3aTeJII,HO, BeAI,
OYAHHbI II reJIOHbI, no CJIOBaM fepOAOTa,
ooeII(aJIII BI,ICTYIIIITb Ha CTopOHe CKII<pOB
c caMoro HaqaJIa), 3aTeM npOTHBHIIRII npo-
ABHHY.'IHCb I{ p. Oap, rAe nepcbI HaqaJIII
CTpOllTI, rpaHJ(1I03HbIe YKpenJIeIIIIH, OTTY-
Aa HanpaBIIJIHCI, K 3eMJIHM MeJIaHXJIeHOB,
aHAPo<paroB, HeBpoB, nOAOIlIJIII R 3eMJI HM
>ara<pupcoB. Ara<pupCbI Bocnpen TCTBOB8.-
JIH BTOfJ}IWHlllO B CBOR 3eMJIII, II npOTIIB-
HURH 0'1' HX rpaIIllU; BepHYJIIICI, B CRH<pIIIO,
a 3aTeM nepCI,I YLUJIII 3a .J];YHafI, y6e-
AHBIllHCI, B HeB03MotRHOCTII n06eAIITI,
CRII<p oB .
Bce IIJIeMeHa, ynoMHHyTbIe fepOAOTOM
npH onllca 1I11 BOHHbI C nepcaMII, Ha3bI-
BaIOTCH II B APyrllx MeCTaX ero TpYAa.
BOJIee IlJIII MeHee IIomJ06HI,Ie OIIHcaHIIH
II03BOJIHJIII JIORaJIII30BaTb IIX Ha COBpe-
MeHHOM RapTe CeBepHoro I1pll'Ie[JHOMO-
pI,H. Ha OCROBe, rJIaBHI,IM 06pa30l\I, Aan-
flOHI 3BKC\o\HCK\o\V,
Puc. 7. l\apTa CKlI(!JlI11 no E. A. PbIGaKony.
HI,IX fepo;:(oTa 6I,IJIO co'CTaBJIeHO neCIWJII,-
HO RapT 3THOrpa<p1I1I CKlI<plIlI. Ce iqac
TaRIIX RapT cyrn;ecTByeT OROJIO AeCHTHa.
Bce ORH AOBOJII,HO 3naqUTeJII,HO o TJI 11-
qaIOTCH APyr 0'1' APyra. .J];aHlIbIe fepOAOTa,
H COmaJIeHHIO, He n03BOJIHIOT TO'InO JIOI{a-
JIII30BaTI, 60JIbllIIIHCTBO IIJIeMeH, H Ha Bcex
Kap1'aX 60JIee IlJIII MeHee OAUHaIWBO
JIOKaJIU3YlOTCH JIIIIlII, ara<pIIpcbI.
I1onbI'raeMCH Ha.TJ.OmUTI, l\raplIlpYT rrcp-
COB, onllcaHHI,Iii fepOAOTOl\I, Ha ueCI\OJII.-
RO TaRIIX l\apT. .J];JIH :noro B3HTbI RapThT,
COCTaBJIeHHI,Ie B. I-I. fpal\OBhIl\I 155,
M. M. ApTal\IOHOBbIl\I 156, A. M. TcpeHom-
RRHbIM H B. A. MJII,IlHCKOH 157, H ueAaBHO
ony6JIIIROBaIIHYIO I,apTY CIUI<pIIH
B. A. PbI6aROBa 158 (pUC. 4-7).
I1poABllmeHue nepCOB, OIIHcaHHoe fe-
pOAOTOM, MomHO yCJIOBHO pa3ACJnITb Ha
9 OTpe3ROB: 1 - 01' .J];YHaH AU aeMeJII,
caBpoMaToB C nepexoAoM 3a .J];OH; 2 - 0'1'
aeMeJIb caBpoMaToB AO 3eMeJII, 6YAIIHOB;
3 - 0'1' 3eMCJII, 6YAUHOB AO p. Oap; 4-
0'1' p. Oap .ao 3eMeJII, MeJIaU:OICHOB; 5 -
0'1' 3eMeJIb MeJIaIIXJIeUOB AO 3el\1eJIb aHAPO-
<baroB; 6 - 0'1' 3eMeJIb aRll,po<paroB AO
23
3CMeJIb HeBpOB; 7 - OT 3e ICJlb HeBpoB
}<: 3eMJIHM aratPnpcoB; 8 - 0'1' 3eMeJIb ara-
tPilpCOB - B CRIItPmo; 9 - 0'1' CRIItP IIII -
1\ MOCTY qepe3 ,l.J;YHall.
h,1 npeHpaCHO nOHIIMae l, qTO ,/.I;ame
T a 6 JI H 1\ a 3. Pa3Mep OTpC3GOB nyTU (B GM)
ADTOpbl liapT
6- '" ,
JlTapmpYT A C!>_ :;;
rrOxo,u;a ..::'" ""' b .(* iO.
llepco B .2 ...
=8 :1:.. =2i <
..., '0 . 5 Oi
....co
"'... ::: <:: Q.::: C) '-'
1 *. J(yuaii - ea- I 1000 1000
npOMaTI>I 1000 1000
2. CaBpoMwrhI- 800 450
6YllllIIlJ 400 400
3. BYll\l!lw-
p.Oap 300 450 1000 350
4. PeKa Oap-
Ml'JlaUXJlellbI 300 200 750 400
5. MCJla!IXJJe-
lib! - alll\pO-
qJllrll 300 500 250 550
6. AHlIPo am- 400
UCB[JbI 250 300 450
7. HCBpW - ara-
4>11 pCbI 200 150 700 200
8. Ara<!>upebI-
CKllljllUI 350 350 350 300
9. CRlllj)]1JJ-
,n:Yllaii 450 450 450 450
Becro 3650 3900 5750 4050
* nOpfllllwDhl1i No COOTDCTCTBYCT OTpC3!{aM n)"l'a lIa
pac. 4-7.
eCJIll 3'1'0 npO)J;BIImeHlle CKIItPOB II nepCOB
II npOIICXOJ\H.'10 B 514 r. .D;O n. a., TO ceiiqac
TO'lfIblH ero MapmpYT II rJIy6IIllY rr}1oHIIK-
HOBeHIIR ua Hall',/.I;OM oTpe31,e rrYTH BOCCTa-
nOBIITb neB03MOII\H0. CaM MapmpyT MO-
meT 6LITb BOCCTaHOBJIeH OqeHb rrpIl6JIIl311-
TeJIbHO, Ko.TJeOaHlle B ero 061II,eH npoTR-
iI\eHHOCTll, Bbl'IlICJIeHHOe B nOCJIe,/.l;Hee Bpe-
MR, MOil\eT OTJIII'IaTbCR 0'1' peaJIbHoro.
CJIeiweT Y'IlITLIBaTb II TO, 'ITO MapmpYT
npOne,/.l;CH Ha I:apTe CCBcpHoro TIpll'IepHO-
MOpbH no rrpHMOll, 6C3 yqCTa peaJIbHb!X
B03MOil\HbIX rrcpcrrpaB. Pa3MepbI oTpe3KoB
TIFII, npnBC,/.I;CHlllJC Ha KapTax (pHC. 3-6)
II Ta6JI. 3, ,l,aHbI oKpyrJICHHO. Ho
.D;a'IW n B TaROM BH.D;e paCqeTbI B03MOiRHoro
nYTII CKlItPOB 11 rrepCOB n03BOJIRIOT npIIii:Tn
2-4
R He1\OTOpbIM BbIBO.D;aM. Ha Bcex KapTaX
3aMeTHO OTJIII'IaeTCR npOTRJlWHHOCTb pa3-
JIIIqHbIX OTpe3KOB MapmpYTa II 06m;aR
npOTRi1\elIHOCTb rrY-TH. HaIIUOJIee KOPOT-
I,HM (OIW::rO 3 G50 KM) 3'1'0'1' llyn nOJIy-
tIHTCR. eCJIII ero lIa.'10iI\IITb Ha KapTy,
npeJFIOilleIIHym M. n.. ApTaMOlIOBbIM,
II mUI60JIce )J..'1IIUIlbIM (5 750 I\M) - eCJIII
'cpaBUIITb C KapToii A. 11. TepeHoiKKIIHa
H B. A. HJIbJ.!.H hOii.
OTMeTIHI, qTO llOXO)J;, B H3:romeUIIII fe-
pO.D;OTa, nru HaJIOiI\ellHII ero MapmpYTa
na c'm.ecTBYIOlIl,Ue HapTbI CmltPllii npe.D;-
CTaBJIReTCR aOCOJlIOTHO uepcaJ,I,Hhl1l.
TIpoiiTu B cpmm, OTBe.D;ellHbIe )J;JIR noxo)J;a
(aeMHorIIM 60JIee 60 )J;Hcii) paCCTOHIUIe,
llpeBbImaIOm.ee 3500 KM, COBcpmeIIHO
IWB03MOiI\HO. .name ec.'111 llpC,/.I;llOJJOiHIITb,
'ITO p. Oap (oo.'1ee IIO.D;pOOHO 0 JIOIWJJIl3a-
IIH peK, Ha3BaUIIR IWTOPbIX cooom.aeT
fepOJJ.OT, 6YJl.eT H,/.I;TH IUIiI\e) pacrrOJJOmeHa
ne B IIpna30Bbe, a ua ccnepO-BOCTOI\e,
nyn YMeUblIJaeTCR J,l1llIb ua 700-800 KM.
IIpIIqIInLI, no HOTOpLIM fepO.D;OT Blono-
'IIIJI B orrllcaHlle XO.D;a BoiiubI C nepcaMH
aeMJIII, pacnOJIOmeHHLle )J;OBO.'1hHO .D;aJIel\o
OT Tex MeCT, rJl.e npOXOJ IIJI IIOX0Jl., He
RCab!. B03MOiIOIO, OH XOTeJI llOI\a3aTb pe-
aJILHOCTb CEoell 9THoreorpa«pII'IOCIWH
BepCIIII.
l\oHe'IHo, 3a BpeMR, npOlIIe.D;IlJee CO
.D;aeii CI\II«po-nepCII.D;CEOii BOHUb!, rroxo.D;
nepcoB u repoll'IOcKIIe COOhITUH, CBR3aH-
Hble C ero oTpameaHcM, MOrJIll 06 paCTU
l\IHOrIIMII JIerCH,/.I;apULll\Tll U llOJIYJIereH-
,/.I;apHhIl\Ill rrO,/.l;pOOIIOCTRMII. OJl.llaRO BlHI,I.{
JIB OHII 6bI.JIH CTOJIb 3aaqIITOJIbHbI, qTO
B I\OpHe CMOL'III ObI llCKa3IITb .D;eHCTBII-
TeJIbJ/bIll XOA COOb!TIIii:.
BepHeMCH I\ orrHcaHIIIO xO.D;a BOHHbI, IIC-
K,TJIOqllB II3 Hero, IWI, IIC COOTBeTcTByrom;lIll
J\eiicTBIITeJIbHOCTII, 3III130.D; C nOXO.D;OM nep-
COB B 3eMJIll caBpOMaTOB II Ha COBep OT
CTerrHoii: CI\II«pUIl (pIIC. 8).
B rrOrDHe 3a CI\JI«paMII llepCLI rrpIImJIll
1\ p. Oap. TIo-BII.D;IlMOMY, OHa naXO.D;IIJIaCb
B CeBcpaOM IIpIIa30Bbe 150. BCpOJITHO,
rrpaB B. A. PbI6aKOB, rrOJIaraR, qTO na
peRa UaXOAIIJIaCb rAe-TO 3arra)J;Hee HbIuelII-
PCTO Bep):(flHC1W, npIIMepnO y p. hopcaR.
no ero J\UIeHHIO, 8TO II UbI.'Ia l,paiimUI BOC-
TO'IHaiI TO'I!W npO):(BIIIEOmUI OCHOBHbIX
CIIJI ,I(apI1JI. IIo J\lHeHIIIO B. A. PbIuaKona,
B aTOM MeCTe ,I(ap.lln pa3.n;eJI.llJI CBoe BonCRO
......... 1
@ 2
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Ba fepO):(OTa 0 TOM, 'ITO (<fiOKa ,I(apHi'r
3aH.llMaJICJI 8TI1M (CTpOHTeJILCTBOM YRperr-
JIeHHn.- E. g.), rrpec.1Je.n;yeMbIO <m.llqJbI,
. .
PHC. 1'. nOXOl( Jl.ajJIU! D CI;JI(l:IIIO:
J - nepcbI; 2 - JlarCpb ncpcoB; 3 - MoCT; 4 - OTpll)J.bI lI.ZIaJ/(jmpca II TaKcalmca; 5 - OTpIl.Zl CKOnacl1ca; 6 - oO'he,8;Hl1eIl-
nhlc CI1J1b1 cKI1(jJOB
na Tp.ll 'IaCTll. OCHOBHaJI 'IaCTb DO r.'laDe
C ,I(ap.lleM OCTaJIaCb 3,neCb If Ha'IaJIa
CTpOHTb MOIII;HbIO 3eJ\IJIJIHIJC YRpenJICHHJI,
a .n;Be .n;pyrHe 'IaCT.ll OTilpaBHJIHCb 3a TaHa-
TIC B rrorOHIO sa CK.ll aM.ll II B 3eMJI.ll uy.n;.ll-
HO-rOJIOHOB. ,I(o p. Oap, no paC'I01'aM
B. A. PbIuaIWBa, IIepChI IlIJI.ll 20 .n;Hen,
O'IeBII):(HO, HCXO):(fI us paC'IeTOB .n;JIHHbI
.n;HCBHoro nopexo):(a. 8T.llM ;I,e CpOHOM
B. A. PblualwB onpe.n;eJIJIeT .n;JIHTeJIbHOCTb
npeubIBamuI B 11plIa30Bbe caJ\oIOro ,I(aplIJI
II pen):(a 'IacTei'I ero BOMCIW Ha BOCTOK .ll
ceBep. ECJIH C rropBblM pac'IeToM BpeMeHH,
nOTpa'IeHHOrO na npo.n;BHlIwHIIe B 11 P.ll-
asoBbe, .ll MOII\HO COrJIaCHTbCH - 3a 20
.n;Hen BnOJIHe B03MOiRHO p,oiiT.ll B 3TOT
pallOH OT ,I(YHaJI, TO .n;JIJI BToporo y Hac
HOT OCHOBaH.llJI. TCHCT fepO):(OTa He .n;aeT
OGOllJJ:H RpyrOJ\I no 3eM.'IHM, JIOiHam;.llM
B},Tlnc, BepHYJIlICb B CmHIJIIIO» 160.
OJJ,HaIW B. A. PbIoaKOB nOJIaraeT, 'ITO
B TO BpeMJI l,aR ,I(ap.llii C ocnOBHbIM.ll C.llJIa-
M.ll B Te'IeHIIH 20 AHell ObIJI 3aHHT CTpO.ll-
Te.,bCTBOM J\IOll HbIX YI\penJIeUIIH, ero KOH-
HlIl a ((KaBa,TlCpniiclme Iwpnyca», no
B. A. PbIualwBY) obUla OTIIpaBJIeHa B rro-
rOHIO 3a CH.llcpaMH CHa'IaJIa 3a TaHaHc, a
3aTeM - .ll Ha CeBe}) B 3eMJIH reJIOHO-OY.ll:.ll-
HOB. CaMO pa3.n;eJIeHne BOHCKa Ha qaCTII
BeCbMa COJ\IHIITeJIbHO. TeM oOJIee He-
pOaJIbHO BbIrJIJIJJ:IIT BbI):(eJIeHITe .n;JIJI peil.n;a
B SeMJIlI CaBpOJ\IaTOB IT B rJIyoHlibI CK.llcp.ll.ll
(<KOHHbIX I'OpnYCOB». 11epcHp,cKaH ROH-
H.llI a oes rro):():(epiKlm neXOThI He MOrJIa
npOTIIBOCTOJITb CKIf<pCHOII MOI! HOii RaBa-
JIep.llH. 06 ;)TOM ):(OCTaTO'IHO IIeTIW IIHilleT
25
repO,':\OT: «CKJI CJ),aH' KOHHIIQa BCe!' a
(nO)]:'lepKHYTO 1H01O.- E. g.) oGpam.aJIa
B 6erCTBO nepCJI)]:CKYIO; Bcap,HlIIiU nepCIIjJ,-
CRue, CIIacaflCh 6erCTBO:\1, HaCTllraJIll ne-
XOTY, ROTO paR nO)]:KpenJIHJIa UX» 161.
1'ITaI\, na p. Oap ,I.J;apnii: co BceM CBOlIM
BonCIWM (mpI10CTaHOBUJI CBoe HacTyrIa-
TeJII,HOe )]:BMiKenne». 3)]:ecI, OH «Ha'laJI
CTpOllTI, BoceMI, 60JII,IIIlIX CTeH Ha OjJ,lIHa-
IWBOM paCCTOJUIlII1 O)]:IlY 01' )]:pyroll, rrpll-
6JIlI3I1TeJIbHO CTajJ,lIlr Ha 60» 162. He HCHO,
I,aKOII Bn)]: I1Me.'IO 31'0 YKperrJIeHlIe. Y Ka-
saHlIe Ha BoceMI, CTeH, OTjJ,aJIeHHbIX OjJ,Ha
01' )]:pyroii: Ha 60 cTa)]:lIll (OKOJIO 8,5 KM),
TOJIbIW 3aTpYjJ,HHeT rrOHlIMaHlIe 06m.ero
xapaRTepa nOJ(oDHoro YRpenJIeHllH. Y 1\-
penJIeHlIe, llMeIOm.ee MemjJ,Y CTeHaMll C1'OJII,
60JILHlOll pa3pbIB, COBepilIeHHO 6ecno-
JleSHO. Om1caHlle YI{penJIeIIIIH ,IJ;apIIH,
o ROTOpOM rOBopUT repo)J.oT, MOiHe'T B
KaKoll-To Mepe nOjJ,OllTlI Ii rrpOCTellIlIeMY
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26
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27
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28
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B HOTOpOlI OH OHa3aJICH, 3aJIBIIJI CBOUM
6JIMmaiillIUl\I crrO)J;BlliRHHIWlII ((...JIIIl.\allI,
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29
npUHHJIH RaIWrO-Hli6Y,lJ,L pememUI, ROTO-
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pOM ORa3UJIUCL nepcu. B CJIY'Iac pa3py-
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mc 'ICpC3 CKulj>mo ua BOCTOI" 110xoJ( 'lepca
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33 COBeTOM, nepCLl 6emaJIu. Do,lJ, npC,lJ,JIO-
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30
mIX II CRH<pbI TIOTCpflJIU cro c.1Je,'];. 1\aKoe-
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n\aJICH MOCT, 6bIJIO HeB03MOiRHO. CHHTb iRe
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UIO 189, no,!!, BJIHHHHeM neYAa q nepCOB
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cy,!!,ax nepenpaBHJICH B A3Hro, OCTaBHB
BO <DpaI\I1I1 CBoem JIyqIIIerO nOJIROBO'!!'Qa
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1'a 192.
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31
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J(OBOJIbliO J(OJIro. C ;)TIIMII rreperoBop:um
II CBJl33II II 3BeCTHbIll paccRa3 repoAoTa
() TOM, I\aR cnapTalI'CI{uiI I,\apb KJIeoMen
ComOJI C YMa nOCJIe Toro, RaR on «BCJIe,n;CT-
BHe 06ru.eIIllfI co CRu aMU CTaJI nHTb
eJIhIiOO (T. e. ne CMernaHHoe C BOP:Oro)
BIIIlO>} 194.
Co6blTllfI lIa'IaJIa V B. p:o H. 3. (rroxop;
CIm: OB 1\ Xepconecy <DpaKHRCROMY OTHO-
CUTCfI R 496 r. p:o n. 3. 195, a neperOBopbl
co CrrapTOll - I{ caMOMY RonQY 90-x ro-
p:OB V B. )];0 H. 3.) y6ep:HTe.'1bHO AeMOHCT-
plIPylOT CTpeMJIeHHe CRH OB rrpop:BHHYTb-
CJI 3a ,il,yna R.
Oco6!>!" UIITepec rrpe)J,CTaBJHIeT aRT
rroperOBopOB CO CrrapTOll 0 COBMeCTHOM
BbICTYIIJleHllH rrpOTIIB nepCOB. MHTepecen
H nJIaH HaHeceHUfI p:BYX yp:apOB no TIep-
CHR - C 3ana,n;a CUJIaMR rpeROB-cnapTan-
eB H C ceBepO-BOCTORa - CKu aMH. CKH-
if>bl «JleJIeJl,TJH n.'1aH BTopiKeHHJI '1epe3
HaBRa3: eru.e 6bIJIU iI{HBbl npep:aHHfI 0
noxo)J,ax VII B. II HaqaJIa VI B. AO H. 3.» 196.
()qeHb BepHO BCrrOMHIIJI B CBfI3U C nepero-
BopaMH CKU OB II crrapTaHI\eB 0 nepep:He-
a3IIaTCKIIX rroxop:ax CKU OB B. H. rpa-
ROB.BoBCfIROMCJIyqae,n;JIfICaMHXCRlI OB
* Dec.hMa nOlW3aTe:IeH caM TCpMIIH, ynoT-
pcG;ICIJI!uii 3iJ;eCb fepOIWTOM. O'ICDIIiJ;HO, D no-
xOlle npllHmlaJIH yqaCTH' 3HaqIlTeJIbHbIe CH,'lbI
CKHtPOB, '1TO llano B03MO}!{fIOCTb fepOllOTY
na3BaTb nOT nOXOI-( «I1arneCTBJ/eM».
32
B03 IOiRHOCTb nOBTopeHUfI TaIWrO nOXOA
6bma BrrOJIHe peaJIbHa. BepOfITHO, 0
3TOM me p;orap:bIBaJICfI U ,I.J;apUll. H
IICRJIJOqeHO, qTO 3TH rreperOBopbI II nJIaIH
C!OI OB l\IOamO paCCMaTpUBaTb RaR ROC
BeliHOO CBIIp;eTe.'IbCTBO B no.'Ib3Y MHeHUJI I
npllqUHaX rroxop:a nepCOB B CKU IIro, npe
CJIeAOB lBrrrero eJIb «3aMlIpHTb)} CKII CRYJ<
CTenb II 06e30naCHTb CBOII rpaHHQbI 0'
HaGera, RaI! 06 3TOM rrlICaJIOCb B Ha'laJI'
CTaTbII.
JIr060nblTHo U YIW3aHIIe repoAoTa (
HaMepeHIIH CKII OB (<BTOprnYTbcJI B MH
P:UIO Bp:OJIb pelm cPaclIca». Be!!:b Bp;O.II1
BepxHero Te'leHHJI <DacRCa H rrpoxop:HJ
0AIIH H3 nYTeH, no ROTOpbIM clm hl BTopr-
JIIICb B TIepep:HIoIO A3HIO 197.
OCTaHOBHMCJI Ha Bonpoce 0 3HaQeHUr.
BonHbI C nepcaMH. ARap:eMHI{ B. D. CTPY'
Be rrHCaJI, 'ITO 3TO ObIJIO «O,n;HO U3 caMblX
3Ha'llITe.'IbHbIX c06bITHlI B IICTOpHU Harneu
POAHHW) 198.
06 o em\e ;)wro rroxo,n;a rrepcaMH co06-
m;aeT repoAoT. TIoxoA B CI\H HIO HeCKOJIb-
KO pa3 BcnOMHHaJIU nepcbl, 06cymp:aJl
nOXOA I\cepKca B rpel\HIO. EIl\o npu IIOlt;-
rOTOBRe I{ TIOXOP:Y B Clm: HlO 0 ero Bam-
HOCTII rOBOplIJI U ,I.J;apuIl. TIpHBep:eM 3TlI
p:aHHl.le. He3ap:OJIrO p:o noxop;a meHa
,I.J;apllH ATOcca rOBOpHJIa eMY 0 He06xo,n;u-
l\IOCTU «npOCJIaBHTb ceGJI BeJIIlKHMU nop:BH-
raIlIH». Aapull Ha 3TO OTBeTUJI: «fI BeAb
co6uparocb nepel\lmYTb MOCT C na IlIero
M3TepHI\a na ,n;Pyroll H HATII na CI\H-
OB» 199, 3a'l CJIJIJI TeM caMblM noxo,n; B
p<13PH):I «BeJIllRUX nop:BHfOB)}.
MHTepecen 3rrH30p:, npOU30rnep;mUH C
,I.J;apHel\I B ErHnTe TIOCJIe 6erCTBa H3 CKH-
1UI. repOAOT paCCKa3bIBaeT, '1TO ,I.J;apHll
3aXOTeJI TIOCTaBUTb CBOIO CTaTYro pH):IOM
CO CTaTYHMH CeCOCTpuca (PaM3eca II).
mpe re eCTa He TI03BO HJI 3Toro cp:e-
JIaTb, 3aJlBUB, '1TO ,I.J;apHn He COBepmlIJI
CTOJIb Bemnmx TIOJJ.BHrOB, J{aI{ apaolI
KOTOpbIH, no CJIOHaM il\peu,a (<He TO.JIbKO
nOKOpUJI Bce TO Hapop:bl, '1TO U ,I.J;apIIH, p:a
R TOMY iI\e ern;e CKn OB, ROTOpblX ,I.J;apnn
lIe CMor O):lOJIeTb. TI03TOMY-TO U He no).(o-
6aer eMY CTOJlTb rrepep: CTaTYJlMU Ce-
COCTpHca, KOTOpOrO orr ne CMor npen30llTH
cnOIIMH nO)J;nIIraMH. M ,IJ,apHH, KaK rono-
pHT, ,n;OJImerr ObIJI COrJIaCUTbCH C :3TUM» 200.
o OOJIbInOM 3HaqemHI MOCTa, 6JIaro,n;apH
KOTOPOMY on CMor cnaCTUCb H3 CKUlPUII,;
ronopHT CJIOna U nocTymm: ,IJ,apIIH no OT-
nomemuo K TlIpaHY MIIJIeTa feCTlIeIOf,
KOTOphIH Ha coneTe rpeKon, oxpaHHn-
IIIRX MOCT 'Iepe3 ,IJ,YHaH, n03pamaJI npOTIIn
erO CHHTUH no Tpe60naHHIO CKUlpon, nOJIY-
'IIIJI OT nepcon n Harpa,n;y 3eMJIU no <Dpa-
KHU II «uaqaJI CTpOUTb ropon ua uoma-
JIOBaHlIOH eMY ,IJ,apueM 3el\IJIe B narpany
3a coxpaneHue MOCTa» 201. ,IJ,apuH ua3hI-
BaJI ero «MynpblH H BepHhlH ,n;pyn 20 .
Jh060nLITua OI\eJII\3 I1oxop:a caMHMII
nepcall-HI npu oocym)J;eUHII nJIana noxo,n;a
KcepKca B fpeJJ;HIO. Y'I3CTUHK noxoJ(a B
CKR Rrot H,n;H l\cepKca II 6paT ,IJ,apuH
ApTa6an BcnOMUnaJI: «H ue coneTOnaJI...
,IJ,apuJO U,n;TlI noxop:oM ua cIm: on, JIlOneH,
y KOTOpbJX Bonce neT ropop:oH. A on MeHH
ne nOCJIyIIIaJICH n nap:em,n;e nOKopHTh
CKII OB, KOTophIe nCC-TaJm: 6hIJIU KO'Ien-
nIII<aMH, II BbIcTynlIJI n noxop:. O;:\uaKo eMY
npmrmoch B03BpaTHTbcH Ha33p:, nOTepHB
MH( rirx xpa6pbIX BOlIuon II3 cnoero
BoiicI(a 203.
BOJIce peIIIUTeJIen R KaTerOpU1J.en B
OQenKe pe3YJIbTaTOB noxo,n;a OhiJI KcepKc.
fOBOpH 0 npep:anHocTu IIonHn, OH 3aHBDJI.
'ITO «OT !IRX 3aBIICeJIO I'H6eJlb UJiU cnaceoue
(nop:1J.epKHYTo MHOIO.- E. g.) ncero nep-
CIIp:C!WrO nOHCKa 204. COrJIaIIIaHCb C
8TUM, ApTa6aH BcnOMIIHaJI, KaK «CKII hI
BCH'IeCKII CTapaJIHCb y6e,n;IITb uonHn, KO-
TOphlM 6bIJIa nopyqena oxpaHa MOCTa rra
IIcTpe, pa3pYIIIIITb nepenpallY. M eCJIH Obi
Tor,n;a fUCTueH corJIaCU;ICH C MnenueM
np01J.UK Tupanon II He nocnpOTIInUJICH, TO
BOHCKO nepCOB noru6JIo ObI. BnpOqeM,
,n;ame U nop:YMaTb CTpaIIIHo, qTO Torp:a
BCH ,n;epn<ana QapH 6hIJIa B pYKax o;J;Horo
1J.eJIOneKa» 20;'.
ITpep:ynpem,n;aH KcepKca 06 onaCHOCTHX
noxona n fpeUlIJO, ApTa6arr nanOMHIIJI
eMY U 0 neJIHqaHIIIlIX ncyp:aqax, nOCTuraB-
mux nepCOB no npeMH npOIIIJIblX nOHH.
«Mne, 0 Qapb, npUIIIJIOCb Heo,n;HoKpaTno
3 .1-1058
na6JIJO)J;aTb nIIcrrponepiHeHIIe BeJIIIKUX
,n;epll\3B Ma.'!bIMII. l103TOMY H XOTeJI y,n;ep-
iKaTb TeoH OT YBJIeqenIIH ronocTII,; 3naH
CKOJIb rU6eJIbna cTpacTb KneJIIIHoMY MO-
rYIIJ;ecTny. H nOMIIJO, qeM IWnqIIJICH noxo,n;
Kupa na MaccareTon (caM KIIp ObIJI YOIIT,
a ero nOllcKo pa3rpOMJIeHo.- E. g.),
nOMHro H noxo,n; haMoH3a na 3 uonoB
(noxo,n; OKOH1J.IIJICH nOJIHOH neyp:a1J.eH.-
E. g.). A caM H yqaCTnOnaJI n noHne ,IJ,a-
pUH co CKU aMU» 206,_ 3aKOnqUJI on,
nOCTaBHB 3TOT noxo,n; B O,n;lIH PH)]; c Kpyrr-
neHIIIUMII ney,n;a1J.aMU nepcon.
qeTKYro On;enKY noxo,n;a ,IJ,apuH B CKII-
<pIIJO )J;aJI llOMrreH Tpor - «nepcu,n;CKoro
IJ;apH ,IJ,apIIH onu (CKII hI.- E. g.) C no-
30pOM nblrUaJIU lI3 CIm: UU» 207.
Hey,n;aqULIH nOXon B CJm HJO OCJIaOUJI
nepCOB U, nO-BlIp:III\IOMY, 3anepmaJI Haqa-
JIO rpClw-nepCII,n;CKIIX nOllu. llepChI lie
CMOrJIU y)J;CpilWTbCH no <DpaKUlI. qepe3
<DpaKlIJO n 49G r. no H. 3. CKU bI IIpOIDJIII
K Xepcouecy. BOHHa C nepcaMlI nOnJIUHJIa
II Ha OTUOIIH'HUH CKu on C paIm:llQaMII.
«MOil\HO lIe cOMHenaTbcH, 1J.TO rrplIcoe;:\H-
HeHIIe qaCTU p3Im:Hn;en K ,IJ,apuro no
BpeMH rroxop:a na CIm: UJO na Muoro JIeT
(nepOfITIIo, ,n;o 00pa30naHuH {\apCTna o,a;-
pucon) cp:eJIaJIo OTnOIIIenIIH CKH OB K
<ppaKlIHn;a [ npaiI()J;e6IIbUIU» 208.
B caMOll CKU UU n06e,n;a Ha;:\ nepca-
MU, oe3yc,'!onno, cnocooCTnOnaJIa ,n;aJIb-
neHmeH KO!ICOJIup:an;UII CKu cKoro rocy-
,n;apcTna U 'ycuJIeuIIIo B HeM pOJIII K01J.en-
nUROB, CblrpanIIIUK rJIaBHYIO pOJIb B 3TOM
BOHne.
BOJIbIIIYIO pOJIb n mupoRoM pacnpocT-
paHeIIHu aUTlr1J.HOll Tpa;:\IIl HII 0 CKU CKOH
nenooe,n;uMocTII CbIrpaJIU OlIUCanUbIC nhlIIIe
C06bITUH. «ConepIIIenno oqenu,n;no, qTO
OCHonaHueM P:JIH nblno,n;a 0 nen06e,n;lIMocTII
CRII OB nOCJIYIhUJIO peaJIbnOe C06blTue H3
CKU CKOii UCTOpIIII - y,n;aqnoe oTpailw-
nue CKu aMU nOJIqIIIIJ; ,IJ,apuH fncTac-
na» 209, - C nOJInbIM na TO ocuonanueM
nIICaJIa A. M. MeJIJOKona.
OCTaHoBIIMcH na neKoTopblX oc06eu-
nOCTHX CKII CKOii cTpaTcrIIII, npoHBIm-
IIIUXCH B xo,a;e nOHIlbl C rrepcaMu.
33
I{paTRYIO OI eHRy OC06eHHOCTeH npUMe-
HHeMOn CRR<paMR B BOnHe C nepCaMU CTpa-
TerUH C)];eJIaJI E. A. Pa3IIH: «CTpaTerHH
CRH<pOB XapaRTepH3yeTcH npaBHJIbHOH
On;eHJWn COOTHomeHHH CHJI R CTpeMJIeHHeM
R3MeHHTb ero B CHOIO nOJIb3Y. UPH HaJIH-
'IHU 'IHCJIeHHOrO npeBOCXO)];CTBa Bpara
CRR<pbI He BCTynaJIU B 60n, a npe)];HaMepeH-
HO oTcTynaJIH B rJIy6b cBoeR TeppHTopUH.
JIHmb nOCJIe Toro RaR Bpar 6bIJI )];eMOpa-
JIH30BaH H oCJIa6JIen, CRU<pbI CTpeMHJIHCb
oTpe3aTb eMY nYTU oTcTynJIeHHH, a 3aTeM
oKpymHTb H YHUqTOmHTb. TaRHM 06pa-
80M, CRU<PbI O.IJ;HH H3 nepBbIX npHMeHHJIH
CTpaTerR'IeCRoe oTcTyrrJIeHHe )];JIH H3MeHe-
HUH COOTHomeHUH CHJI B CBOlO nOJIb-
3Y» 210.
IIa npUBe)];ennOro OTpbIBRa He Bce OT-
HOCHTCH R c06CTBeHHO CRlI<paM. XO;rt BOH-
HbI C ,IJ,apReM paccMaTpHBaeTcH RM B TOM
me pa3.IJ;eJIe, r;rte HCCJIe;rtyeTcH TaRTlIRa H
CTpaTerRH M3CC3reTOB H IIX BonHa C KH-
pOM. I103TOMY H3 CJIOB E. A. Pa3IJHa,
nO-BU,[{UMOMY, CJIe;rtyeT HCRJIIO'IHTb; «...3a-
TeM ORPYIRHTb H YHH'ITomUTb ), HBHO
OTHOCHIIJ;UeCH R MaccareTaM. BnpOqeM,
ne HCKJIIO'leHO, 'ITO rrpHeM, HCrrOJIb3yeMbIR
B BonHe C KHpOM MaccareTaMH, npHMeHU-
JIR H CRH<pbI. O;rtHaKO .IJ;aHHbIX 06 aTOM
nepuo;rte UX HCTOpHH Y Hac OTCYTCT-
BYIOT. O'IeBu;rtHo, aTOT npueM 6bIJI
HCnOJIb30BaH n03;rtHee - BO BpeMH pa3-
rpOMa 30rrHpHOHa, BToprmerOCH B CKH-
<pHIO B 331 r. )];0 H. a.
B xo)];e BOHHbI C rrepcaMH npOHBHJIHCb
neIWTopbIe xapaRTepHble oc06eHflOCTH
cKH<pcKoH CTpaTerUH. KpaTRo OHH CBO-
;rtHTCH R CJIe)];YIOIIJ;eMY:
1. BhIpa60TRa B caMOM Ha'IaJIe BOHHbI
1:JeTROrO IIJIaHa ee Be;rteHuH, npe;rtYCMaTpH-
8 HOIIJ;erO (<IIaCCHBHYIO» H «aRTRBHYlO» CTa-
)J;HU. CTporoe CJIe;rtOBaHHe rrJIaHY; 2. I1pa-
BlIJIbHaH On;eHRa CJIOifmBmerOCH R Ha'IaJIY
BOHHhI COOTHomeHUH CHJI H CTpel\WeHHe
R3MeHUTb ero B CBOIO nOJIb3Y; 3. ITpHMeHe-
Elle «CTpaTerUqeCKOrO oTcTynJIeHHH .IJ;JIH
U3MeHeHHH COOTHomeHUH CHJI B CBOIO
nOJIb3Y»; 4. HaBH3bIBaHHe rrpOTHBHHRY
CBoero DJIana Be)J;eHHH BOHHbI B HeBbIrO;rt-
34
HbIX i'(JIH Hero YCJIOBHHX; 5. Pa3)J,eJIeHUe
BonCRa Ha ;rtBe 'IaCTH H nOCTanOBRa nepe;rt
HHMU OCHOBHblX 3a;rta q Ha BCIO KaMnaHHlO
C nOCJIe;rtYIOIIJ;HM YTO'IHenHeM H H3MeHeHH-
eM aTHX 3a;rtaq; 6. llIupoRuR ManeBp na
orpOMHblX rrpOCTopax cTenen 3Ha'lUTeJIb-
HbIMH MaccaMH ROHHoro BoncKa; 7. 'YMe-
JIoe UCrrOJIb30BaHHe MeCTHOCTH B nOJIoce
npO,':\BHmeHHH npOTHBHHRa C D;eJIblO C03.IJ;a-
HUH 3aTPY;rtHeHHH B cHa6meHHH npo.IJ;O-
BOJIbCTBlIeM, BO;rtOR H <PypamOM.
BMeCTe C TeM CJIe;rtyeT OTMeTHTb H onpe-
)J,eJIeHHbIe rrpOC'leTbI. K HHM, rrpeiK;rte Bce-
ro, CJIe;rtyeT OTHeCTH omH6KH Ha 8aKJIlO'lH-
TeJIbHOM aTane Be;rtenUJI Boi'm},I, ROr;rta
CKH<pbl He CMOrJIH ;rt06HTbCH pa3PymeHuH
MOCTa H (<DOTepHJIU» nepCOB, n08DOJIHB HM
C nOMOIIJ;bIO .IJ;OBOJIbnO npOCTon XHTpOCTH
(6pOClIB JIarepb H 0603) oTopBaTbCH OT
npeCJIei'(oBaHHH.
B Xone BOHHbI C nepcaMH rroJIY'laJIo
naJIbneHmee pa3BHTue YMeHRe BeCTU 60D:
C npeBOCXOnHIIJ;HMR CHJIaMH rrpoTHBHHKa,
cOBepmeHCTBOBaJIaCb TaKTHRa H cTpaTe-
rHH CRH<pOB, OCIIOBbl ROTopon 6bIJlH 3a-
JIOi!,eHbl em;e BO BpeMH npe;rta3UaTcKHX
nOXO.IJ;OB.
1 P!il.6al>oe B. A. TIYTemeCTBHe repollOTa B
CKlHlmIO.- I\ypbep, 1977, .N' L
2 repOAOT, IV, 1, 46, 83-87, 89, 92-93,
97-98, 102, 118-143.
3 lIaMIf HCnOJIb30BaH TeKCT fepOAOTa B nepeBO-
p:ax B. B. JIaTbIIDeDa (B)J,H, 1947, .M 2. M.,
1972) H f. A. CTpaTaHoBcKoro (repoiJom. Hc-
TOpHH) .
4 EOJIbIDOe BHHMaHHe nOXOAY nepCOB D CJ<HqJIfIO
YlIeJIHJI E. A. Pbl6aKOD B MOHorpaqJHII «fepo-
1I0TODa CKII<!JHH& (M., 1979). OrpaHH'IeHHbIe
pa3MepbI CTaTbJI He n03BOJIHIOT OCTaHOBIITbCH
Ha Dcex Donpocax, 3aTpOHYTbIX E. A. PbI6a-
ROBbIM. OCHODHbIe nOJIOiReHHH aBTopa J!/3JTo-
iReHbI HM D ynoMHIIYTOH DbIIDe iRypHaJIbBOK
CTaTbe.
PaauH. E. A. HCTOpHH DoeHHoro HCKYCCTBa.
M., 1955, T. 1, c. 78-81.
G BD;H, 1947, .M 2, c. 257.
7 rpaKoe B. M. CKi<!JH. R., 1947, c. 22.
B rpaKoe B. H. CKJIq>bI, M., 1971, c. 28; rpa-
1>08 B. H. J{aMeHCKoe ropOllHm;e Ha )J,Henpe.-
MilA, 1954, .M 36, c. 14.
»ApxeoJIoria YKpa'iHcbKoI PCP. R., 1971,
T. 2, c. 39.
JO BJtaeamCKUU B. J{. 01JepKl'I noeHHoro lIeJIa
aHTH'IHIoIX rOCYlIapCTD CeDepHorO TIpIf'lepHO-
MOpbH. M., 1954, c. 25.
;J1 CmpY6e B. B. XpOHOJlOrl'lH VI B. AO H. 3.
B TpYlIe fepOllOTa.- B)J,lf, 1952, M 2;
CmpY6e B. B. )J,aTa nOXOlla )J,apHH Ha CKH<!JOD
IIpII'IepHOMopbH.- B KH.: AKalleMHKY
E. J1.. fpCKODY KO lIHIO 70-JleTHH. M" 1952;
Cmpyee B. B. 9TIOlIbI no HCTOpl1H CeDepHoro
IIpH'IepHoMopbH, KaDKa3a l'I CpellHeii A3HH.
JI., 1968, c. 86-102.
U A-pma.MOn06 M. H. I\HMMepHii bI l'I CKl'I<!Jl>l.
JI., 1974, c. 76.
13 JllJ eltltO H. B. CKH<pHH VII-V BB. 110 H. 3.
M" c. BO.
H CMupnoe K. 1/>. CaDpOMaTI>l. M., 1964, c.
2.59.
1. PI>I6altoe B. A. llYTemecTDHe.., c. 1.
16 BUltep.Man 9. XpOHOJIOrHH ApeDHero Ml'Ipa.
M., 1976, c. 193.
p BJ1.M, 1947, N! 1, c. 257. :'hy iRe npH1JIIHy
Ha3bIBaeT repollOT l'I D lIPyroM MeCTe «HCTO-
PHH» [VII, 20).
18 FpaK06 B. N. I\aMeHCI(OO ropOllIlm;e..., c.15.
B. r. EOpYXODl'I1J, aBTOp flHTcpecHoii CTaThH
o HaY'IBOM H JlHTepaTypHoM 3Ha'leHHl'I TpYlIa
repolloTa, OTMeTflJI, '1TO (<8 OCHODY l'I3J10iRe-
RIm I1CTOpHH KOH<pJlflKTa (MeiRlIY nepcaMli
l'I rpeKaMH, npHDellmero K rpel(o-nepcfllIcKHM
BOHHaM.- E. g.) nOJlOiReHa Hal'lDHaH ROH-
elll\MH, COrJlaCHO l(oTopoii OTHomeHIfH MeiKlIY
BpamllYlOmMMH cTopoHaMH OrrpelleJIHJIHCb
ApeBHMM rrepnooblTHbiM npHHI\lmOM «OKO 3a
01(0, 3YO 3a 3YO» (repooom. HCTOpl'lH, c. 476).
9Ta iRe KOHI\errUHH nOJlOiReHa repolloToM
B B OCHODY H3JIOiReHHH rrpH'IHH CKl'I<!Jo-uepcHlI-
Koro KOH<pJIHKTa.
It Apma.Mo/w6 M. H. RHMMCpHTII\bI l'I CKl'I<pl>l,
c. 77. M. H. ApTaMoHoD CJIellyeT 3a M. H. Poc-
TODII;eDbIM (9J1J1HHCTDO H HpaHcTDo Ha lOre
rOCCHH. TIr., 1918, c. 41).
IG BpaUluncltuu H. B. A<pHHbI l'I CeDepHoe IIpH-
'1epHOMOpbe B VI-II DD. 110 H. 3. M., 1963,
c. 30.
[ FepoDom. HCTOpflH, c. 221.
2 BAa6amCltuu B. J{. O'lepKH.., c. 91.
3 BpaUlunCltuu H. B. A<pHHbI.., c. 35.
, PI>I6alt06 B. A. llYTcmecTDIIc.., c. 1.
! TOACm06 C. ll. llo CJlellaM lIpCBHeXopc3-
MHHCKOii I\HBIIJIII3aI\HII. M. ; JI., 1948, c. 105-
107.
I Fpalt06 B. H. I\aMeHcKoe rOpOllHlI(e..., c. 16.
1 FepoDom. HCTOpIlH, c. 331.
I BJ1.H, 1947, N! 2, c. 2.56.
I Apma.MOn06 M. If. I{uMMepHHll.bI l'I CKH.<\Ibl,
c. 77.
I B)J,H, 1949, M 1, c. 252.
l TaM iRe, 1947, M 4, c. 242.
I Apma.MOn06 M. If. HH!f:lMepHii:qJ;l 1'.J(J{qm:,
c. 77.
: Fpalt06 B. M. CRigiH, C, 23.
34 X aaan06 A. M. COI\I1aJlbHaH I1CTOpl'lH CKH OB.
M., 1975, c. 232.
31; rpaKoe B. H. I\aMeHcKoe ropOllHme.., c. 15.
38 Paaun E. A. HCTOpHH.., c, 78-80.
37 M eJtlOlt06a A. H. AHTH'InaH JIHTepaTypHaH
TpallUI\lIH 0 CIUf<pC1Wii Hen06clIIIMOCTH,-
I\CHHMH, 1949, DbIn. 30, c. 106.
38 HapHcn cTapollaBHbol iCTOpi'i YPCP. I\"
19.59, c, 13.5-136; ApxeoJIoriH YKpalHcbKol
PCP. H., 1(J71 , T. 2, c. 39,
3V Xennun2 P. HeDe.l:OMl>le 3eMJlII. M., 1961,
T. 1, c. 196--197.
40 Paaun E. A. HCTOpHH.., c. 78-80, KapTa
Ha c. 78.
41 Pb!6altoe B. A. llYTemccTBHe.., c. 1-3.
42 rpaKoe B. fl. HaMcuclwC rOpOl I!III,e.., C. 15.
43 BD;H, 1947, M 2, c. 299. I apb CI\I!<papo
I13BeCTeH TOJII,KO OT HTecHH, B. B. JIaTbIllIeB
cnpaDClIJlI!DO rrOJlaraCT, 1JTO I\TecIIH HJlI!
ero nCperrHC'IHKH OInHOJIHCb, rrpenpaTIID
THT)'JI I\apR - «cIn!4 ' apx» (rrpCl\DOl\HTeJIb
CKH<pOD) D CI(H<papo, G. H. rpaHoR, comarnaHCb
C B, B. JIaTl,HneDbIM, Ha3bIDaeT CKH<papua
HlIaH<pllpCOM (I\aMeHclwc ropOllHm;e.., c, 15).
448JIJIHHHCTH1JeCKaH TeXHIIKa. M.; JI., 1948,
c. 326.
45 repooom. HCTopnH, c. 300.
48 TaM iKe, C. 275.
47 B II, 1949, N! 1, c. 252.
48 TaM iRe, 1947, M 2, c. 299.
49 Paau/t E. A. HCTOpHH.., c. 153-154.
llJtymap:r. 0 3J1O!\03HeHBOCTH repOl\OTa, X II.
B KH.: JIypbC C. fepolloT. M.; JI., 1947
c. 167.
51 BD;H, 1947, M 2, c. 287.
2 J{eAb6plOI'I. r. HCTOpllH DoeHHOrO HCKYCCTDa,
M., 1936, T. 1, c. 47. r. D;eJlbOplOK nIl-
meT, '1TO rrpl'l 3TOM «Korlla nepellHIfe nOllxo-
lIHJIH I( <DepMOnHJlaM, nOCJlCl\HIfe MorJlfl UbI
KaK pail TOJlhl(O em;e DbICTYIUlTb H3 CY3 no
TY CTOPOHY TIIrpa».
53 J{eJtb6plOIt r. HCTOpHH.., c. 112--114.
4 TIo lIaHHbIM fepolloTa, MHHIfMaJIbHaH HopMa
lIHeDHOro naHKa OllHoro DOHHa paDHJIJ!aCb
1 xCHlmy nmeHHll,bJ - HeMHorHM oOJIee 1 JI.
[VII, 187). HCXOllH Ha 3Toro, Ha 60 lIHeii
nYTH KaiKlIoMY DOHHY TpCOODaJIOCb He MeHee
60 I(r 3epBa. ECJlfI "PHHHTb 'IHCJleHHOCTb
DOrICK nepCOD, 0 KOTOpOll rOBopHT rCpOllOT,
ncpno{1 (700 TbIC.), TO lIiIH UX nponnTaHIIH
Ha DpeMH nOXOlla He06xOllHMO 6h!JI0 OKOJlO
45 000 T 3epHa. D;JlH ero nepeD03KH D YCJIO-
l!llHX 6e3 OpOiRbH Tpe60DaJlOCb, I1CXOllH I13
HOpMbI norpyaKH Ha OllHY llOD03KY, OT 25 110
30 t\'J>\ \', \C\) \)J\."n;,\I,u. H. K. l> l>'I>.E,'I>.-
TbIBalOm;OO peMeCJIO D aHTH'IHbIX rocYlIapcTBax
CeDepHoro II pH1JepHOMophR. M.. 1971, c. 165).
TIollC'IeTbJ, npoll3DcllcHHble H. 11. COI(OJIbCKJIM
lIJ1H 60cnopcKHx nOD030K, O'leBHlIHO, MOHmo
npIlMeHIfTb II lIJ1H non030K nepcoD. B aTOM
j:'.JIY'II'e l1JIR n peuorom 3epRa, HeQ6 01lHMoro
35
1{JIH nHTanHH orpOMHoro BORCKa )J,apHH,
nOHallOUHJIOCh UbI OKOJIO 100 TbiC. nOB030K.
Y'IHTbIBaH, '1TO 0603 nepeB03HJI ne TOJIhKO
npOllOBOJIbCTBHO, BeJIH'IHHa IIoll06noro 0603a
npellCTaDJIHOTCH cOBeprnenno HepeaJIbnOll.
.. repooom. HCTOPHH, c. 278.
06 PaauH, E. A. HCTOpHH.., c. 144.
7 repooom. MCTOPHH, c. 382; /{e./tb6plO" r.
HCTOpHH.., c. 60; Paau1/. E. A. MCTOpHH..,
c. 144.
.8 Paaun E. A. HCTOpUH.., c. 155.
.9 TaM 1IW, c. 172.
60 BD;M, 1947, M 2, c. 266.
61 TaM me, c. 275.
62 TaM i1\O, c. 274.
63 TaM me, c. 275.
6<1 TaM mo, c. 275.
6 COlleTCl\aH BOOHHaH :JH I1KJIone1{HH. M., 1977,
T. 3, c. 269.
66 Bonoapb P. /{. HeKOTopbIe IIp06J1eMbI HCTO-
pMM HIlilmellYHaii<morOJIHMeca.- BD;M, 1973,
oM 3, c. 154.
67 DLIJIM nPMBIlTbI MepbI 110 06eCne'leBHIO na-
p:omlloro TbIJla Ha TeppHTOpJUI <I>paKMM.
C :JToii I(OJIbIO IIOCTpOeno «... apcKoe YKpell-
JIeBMO 110)1 n33BaHMeM D;OpHCK. B neM D;apnii
no BpOMH noxolla Ba ('.KH.pon OCTaBHJI nepcllJ(-
CI\YIO cTpamy» (repooom. IIcTopHH, c. 331).
66 repooom. HCTOPHH, c. 325.
69 Pbl6aK08 B. A. IIYTemecTBHe.., c. 1.
10 BJ H, 1947, oM 2, c. 275,
71 repooom. HCTOPMH, c. 22L
72 Ta I mo, c. 76.
73 Bll,H, 1947, .N'2 2, c. 276.
7<1 TaM me.
7. repooom. HCTOpIlH, c, 76.
76 BJ H, 1947, .N'2 2, c. 285-286.
77 EcaJ!1t C. A. 0pYilme Il BoeHHoe 1{eJIO J(peBneii:
APMOH!1H. EpeDan, 1966, c. 129.
78 PaauH, E. A. HCTOpHH.., c. 179; Kcenorfionm.
AHa6acIIc (aep. MaKcIIMOBOH M. H.). M.;
JI., 1951, c. 229, 259.
79 KcenorfJOnm. Ana6aCHC, c. 259.
80 /{e./tb6pIOK r. HCTOpIlH.., c. 139.
81 K celtorfJOnm. AHa6aCIIC, c. 259"
82 TaM me, c. 224.
83 TaM me, c. 12, 15-20, 197.
8<1 TaM me, c. 252.
85 repooom. MCTOPHH, c. 285.
86 KcmorfJOnm. Ana6acIIc, c. 255.
87 TaM me, c. 47.
88 Pbl6aKoe B. A. llYTemeCTBIIe.., C, L
89 KCeH,orfionm. AHa6acnc, c. 10, 14, 140.
90 TaM me, c. 10-12.
91 EJIarOllapIO A. H. Tepen01lumna, 06paTIIB-
mero Harne BHHMaBHe na onUCbIBaeMblH no-
XOJ( II OKa3aBmero nOMOJIJ,b B n01l60pe JIJITe-
paTypbI.
92 HCTOpHH Y36eKCKOH CCP. TamKeHT, 1955,
T. 1, Kn. 1, c. 322; KapTa nOXOlla Ha c,318.
93 C60pHHK MaTepUaJIOD, OTnOCIIJ.IJ.JlXCH K llCTQ-
36
pilI! 30JIOTOH 0plIbI. M.; JI., 1941, T. 2,
c. 112-117.
9<1
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
1112
103
104
lOa
106
107
108
109
110
III
112
113
114
115
11"
117
118
Ta 1 me, c. 159-167.
TaM me, c. 161-
TaM me, c. 167.
repooom. HCToPHH, c. 253.
B)J,H, 1947, .N'2 2, c. 275.
repooom. MCTOpHH, c. 546.
A pma.1toHoe ill. if. :hnorcorpa<!JIIH CKI'I.pIm.-
Yqon. 3an. JIfY. Cep. !leT. HaYK, 1949,
RbIn. 13, .N2815, c. 161-162; K.iteun 1I. C.
TeppHTopHH II cnocoo norpe6eBHH 1\0'Ie-
DLiX CI\HcpCI\HX nJIeMeH no fepolloTY If II pxeo-
JIOrlI'IeCKmI J(aHBbIM.- ApxeOJIorH'ICCI\I1H:
COOpl1l1K 1961, RloIll. 2, c. 47; mpa.!!lto H. A.
I':ponocTb ClmcpClwu :JnOXH Y c. (,{'JIbCI\-
ropOJ( feJIOII.- B Kn.: ClmcpcImii: Mllp.
I\HeB, 1975, c. 128.
If./tbuncltas£ B. A, MomeT JIM I,OJIbCIWO ro-
pOllHIu;e 6hlTb ropOJ(OM fOJlOIlOM,- B Kit.:
CKHCPbl II capMaTbI. HHon, 1977, c. 77.
K./teiln II. C. TOPPIITOpHH.., c. 47..
Pbl6altoe B. A. llYTelIIecTDHe.., c. 1-3.
Bopyxoeu'l. B. r. YK33. CO'l., c. 477"
[(cenorj'Jonrn. AnaGacIIc, c. 255.
TaM me, c. 47.
repooorn. HCTOPHH, c. 277.
/{e./tb6plO" r. HCTOpHH.., c. 45.,
Tau me.
COBOTCI\aH BOOHBaH 3nII;I1KJ10nellHH, T. 3,
c. 204.
C60PBUK MaTepHaJIOB..,c. 112-117; 159-167.
Kceltorj'Jonm. AHaGacHc, c. 92.
IluompoecKuu E. B. BanCKOO apcTBo. M.,
1959, c. 207.
Ecas£/t C. A. YKa3. CO'l., c. 115.
Bon./tan r. II. OnHcaHIIe YKpaI'lBbI.- B KR.:
M(myapbI, OTROCHlliHeCH K HCTOpHH lOiHHoii:
PYCH. Huen, 1896, BblIJ. 2, c. 24-28.
rpalto/f B. II. CKH.pbI, c. 16.
bJIaro!J:apIO II:. II:. IlIIlJIHKa 3a JIIOGe3Ho npeJl.o-
CTaBJIenHLle MaTepHaJIbI.
Aprna.1tOlwe M. if. ::hHoreorpa<!JuH CKHllmH,
c. 161.
11. «CoBellianHe,) apeH cocellnHX co cKRlJ>aMu
nJIe Ien npoHCXOllIIJIO Ollie B TO BpeMH, I\orua
nepCbI npOllBllraJIIICb ItO $pal\I1lf. CKI11J>cIme
npellCTaBIITI'JIU, BbIcTynaH Ha :JTOM «COBoma-
BHH», rOBopHJIM, '1TO nepCbI em,o «naIlOI\HT
MOCT'Iepe3 HCTp» (B)J,.H, 1947, .M 2, c. 218).
120 BD;II, 1947, ,]', 2, c. 277.
Ul Ta 1 me, c. 281.
122 Xa3aHOS A. Af. YKa3. COq., c. 229.
123 COCTaB :JTOro COB eTa He COBceM Hceu. O'l(}-
BMlIHO, npaB A. M. Xa3aRon, nOJIaraH, '1TO
«PYI\OBOllllll(IIii nOOHHhIMII" iJ,IIllJIOMaTH'Ie-
CKHMIIlIeiicTBIIIIMM COBeT COc.TOHJI H3 6a3HJJOD-
COD. B03MomBO, B nero BXOllHJIH H lIPY-
rIle npellCTaBHTeJIH CKH<!JCKOll 3BaTII» (YKa3.
CO'l" c. 236).
m BJJ.lI, 1947, ,]', 2, c. 282.
TaM me, c. 281. TIO)J.O{)BW'j npneM ID11pOKO
npnMeHHJJCH D )J.peDBOCTJI. I\ceno!j)oHT pac-
CHa3h1BaeT, 1J.TO DO Bpc m GOphGbI HMpa
C ApTaKepKccpKCOM Dca)J.Bm(JI nOCJIe)J.Bero,
oTcTynaH nepell BoiicKOM Hnpa, «mrJIII
TpaBY II Dce, '1TO MOrJIO OKa3aThCH npIlrO,B;HbIM
HIIpy». )J,JIH ynlI'ITOiHeBJlH nO)J.}J\1lraTeJIeH
lIame coGIIpaJIMCb BbIlIeJIIITb OTpH)J. Dca)J.BIIKOD
(Kceltorfionm. AHaGacHc, c. 251).
J26 I\pacHOpe1J.I1DOe onIlcaHHe TpYlIHocTen, BO:1-
HIfKllIIIX nepe)J. rpeKaMH ne3alloJIro 110 GMTBbI
Y llJIaTeii (479 r. JlO H. 3.), OCTaBMJI fepo)J.OT.
B03MOiKno, I1CnOJIb:lYH ropbHIIM onhlT, no-
JIy1JeBHhln DO DpeMH Clm!j)CKoro noxo)J.a )J,apIIH,
nepchl Y)J.eJIHJIII GOJIbnIOe DHIIManIle TOMY,
'1TOGhI nOMellIaTb npOTJIDHIIKY I1CnOJIb:lOBaTb
IICTO'lHIfKII DOllhl. llepCM)J.CKIIe Bca)J.nIlKM
«3aMYTMJIH II 3aCbInaJIH I1CT01J.HIfK fapra!j)IfIO,
OTRY)J.a '1epnaJIO DOllY Dee aJIJIIInCKOe DonCKO...
qepnaTb me DOAY H3 peIill 6uJIO BeD03-
MomHO I1a-3a HaJIeTOD KOHHIfII;bJ H OOCTpCJIa
JIy1JIIIIKOD» (repooom. HCTOPIlH, c. 432).
BnOJIHe eCTeCTBCHHhlM 6YlIeT npc)J.no.TJOiIW-
mle, '1TO TO me MOrJIII )J.MaTb H CKII!j)bI.
i27 rpaKoe n. H. I\aMeHcKoe ropOllIlm;e..,
c. 15.
)28 TaM me, c. 80-81.
129 JIuooe./t /'apm B. X. CTpaTernH HenpHMbIX
JleiiCTBMii". M., 1957, c. 4G6-468.
)30 JIonhlTKa C0311aHIfH «aHTMnepCUlICKOii KO-.
aJInII;I1M», G'rnpllDKa 60JIbllIIIBCTDa CTa)J. H He-
ooecnoc.oon\)ro lIaCCJIl'.BUH na ceBep.
131 IIai\o nOM I111l' J. ., '1TO UCpCbI BTOIJI'JIJICb B CHH-
<!Jmo JIoCJle I"JXC,lIa 1J.ep('a <DpaKMIO, npoxo-
i\UBIIIe/"t, Men ;, HI C OOHMU.
132 Bl(H, HJ47, N , c. 281.
)33 TaM me.
)$4 TaM me, c. 281-282.
13. Xaaanoe A. M. YKaa. CO'l., c. 122.
138 B)J,M, 1947, M 2, c. 281.
J37 rpaKoe B. If. CRH!j)bJ, c. 37.
138 Bl H, 1947, M 2, c. 37.
1:!9 TaM me, c. 316; 1949, oM 1, c. 252.
140 TaM me.
141 H./teun JI. C. YHaa. CO'l., c. 54.
1(2 B)J,H, 1947, M 2, c. 281.
143 ctJYKUaUO. MCTOpJIH, 11, 97, 5-6; 98, 4
(nep. MMII\CHKO <D., c. 166). B 150000 DOII-
HOB onpeJ\eJIHCT He TOJIbHO nemec, no H Bce
DoiicKO CnTaJIKa T. )J,. 3JIaTKODCKaH (Boa-
HIIKHOBenl1e roc Ylla pCTBa Y <!JpaKiiIDJ,eD.
M., 1971, c. 251).
144 Bl H, 1947, M 2, c. 274.
14 r. A. CTpaTillloBcKnii nOJIaraeT, '1TO aTO 6bIJIH
naIII\MpM (repoaom. HCTOPMH, c. 535). B03-
MomHO, <lTO II TaK, XOTH onIlcaHMe nallI\IIpH
JlODOJIhJIO CTpaBnoe.
U6 repooom. HCTOPHH, c. 332.
147 lfeplte1lKO E. B. CKII!j)cmd% nocnex, 1968.
)48 Bl I1, 1947, M 2, c. 284.
)49 lJepne1tKO E. B. 0 DpeMeHM II MeCTe nOHDJIe-
HIfH THmeJIOH KOHHIInbI B CTenHX ED-
pa3nIl.- MMA, 1971, M 177, c. 35-38.
150 B)J,M, 1947, M 2, c. 284.
J5I Paault E. A. MCTOpHH.., c. 79.
152 B)J,H, 1947, M 2, c. 282.
153 Paault E. A. HCTOpIlH.., c. 79.
154 OTpH)J. CKonaCMca, O'leDII)J.HO, COCTOHJI TOJIb-
KO 113 KOBHnnhl. JI MllIb D 3TOM CJIy1Jae OH
MOl' DhlnOJIBIITh 3alla'lIl, nOCTaDJIeBHbJe nepe)J.
HUM DO DpeMH lIaJIbBellmnx C06bITJIii.
155 /'palioe B. H. CKII!j)hI, KapTa na c. 14.
1 6 Apma.MOlt08 /If. H. 8TBoreorpa!j)uH CKM<!JMII.-
Y'ICH. 3an. JIf , Cep. I1CT. HaYK, 1949,
DbJn. 13, M 85, KapTa.
I 7 ApxeoJIoriH YKpai'HcbKo'i PCP. H., T. 2,
KapTa Ha c. 193.
108 Pb!6aKOe B. A. llYTemeCTDMe....
) 9 PeKY Oap B. B. JIaThlllIeB CDH3h1BaJI C BOJI-
roii (B)J,H, 1947, M 2, c. 282, npIlMe'laUHe
2). CKopee Bcero aTO He TaK. CaM fCpO)J.OT
O'leHb onpelleJIenHO na3h1BaJI Oap Cpe)lM
Tpex lIPyrnx peR, nnallaIOn\JIX B MeOTIIlIY-
A30DCKoe Mope (B1.(H, 19'47, M 2, c. 282).
8TO peKII JIHK, TaHaIlc H CuprIlc. JIIIK,
nOMIIMO fepo)J.oTa, BaabIBaeT llTOJIeMen,
CDH3h1DaH ee TO}JW C MeoTIf)J.oii (B II, 1948,
M 2, c. 234). 10. I\YJIaKODCKMH: OTomJ\eCTBIfJI
JIIIK C HaJIbMIIycOM (HapTa EnpoueiicKOM:
CapMaTMII no llTOJIeMClo. HIIeD, 1899, c. 19).
OTom)J.ecTBJIenlIe TaHaMca C l(oHoM OOIl\eUpU3-
naHO. no MIIOllilIO B. B. JIaTbJllIl'Da, CMprHC-
- 3TO HprIlC, OTO}J()J.eCTDJIHeMbIii C l(oHII;oM
(B)J,H, 1947, M 2, c. 282). C )J,OllI\OM CBH-
3bIDaeT CMprMc H E. H. fpaJ\oB (CHM!j)bJ,
c. 14-16). 06 Hprnce, Dna)J.aIOII\t'M II Ta-
HaHC, rODopIlT H fepo)J.oT (Bl(H, 1947, M 2,
c. 268). O'leDIIlIHO, M Oap - o)J.na I1a peK,
JlnallaIOm;nX D A30BCKoe Mope (rpaKOe B. H.
CKH<!JbJ, c. 16). D. A. PbI6aKoD, CY)J.H 110 Kap-
:fe, nOMem;eHHoM D ero CTaThe, TanaMcoM
na3h1DaeT )J,oHeII;, a fMprMcoM (HprucOM
Jl'JIII CIIprMcoM) - )J,OH (pbl6aKoe n. A.
llYTeml'CTDBe.., c. 2, KapTa). H COm3JIeIlMIO,
OrpaHIf'lCnBbJe pa3MepbJ CTaTbIl nOMemaJIII
E. A. PbJ6aKoDY npHDecTH J\OKa3aTeJIbCTBa
D nOJJh3V TaKoro MHeHHH.
160 B)J,H, 1947, M 2, c. 262.
161 TaM me, c. 283.
162 TaM me, c. 282.
163 TaM me.
164 TaM me, c. 282-283.
16 TaM me, c. 283.
166 TaM me, c. 284.
187 TaM me, c. 284.
168 TaM me, c. 284.
169 HanOMHMM, 'ITO JIMeHBO oxpany MOCTa H
nopy1J.aJI ,LI,apHiL
170 B)J,H, 1947, N 2, c. 283.
171 Hceltorfioltm. Ana6acMc, c. 89.
172 aTO ne COBceM TaK. H OCJIbJ II MyJIbJ OblJIII
H3DeCTHhI B CeDepHoM llpJl'lepHOMopbe.
37
r
B. M. QaJIKIIn C'IHTaJI, '1TO OHH nOHDH.1JRCb
3Aecb B pe3YJIbTaTe rpe'lecKoIi KOJIOHII-
3a[ I1H (If, O"zKWt B. H. )J,OMaillHIIe U lII1KHe
il(JIBOTHble CeBepnoro IIpU'IepHOMOpbH n ::mo-
xy paHBcro il\CJIe3a.- MMA, 1960, M 53,
c. 49-50; I(a./tKun B. If. ,IJ.peoHee mIlDOT-
Honop,CTno nJIeMeH BOCTO'lHOH EBpOITbI
H CpellueH A3Hli.- MMA, 1966, M 135,
c. 48-49, 89).
173 BD;H, 1947, M 2, c. 283.
174 TaM me, c. 283-284.
175 TaM me, c. 284; M 4, c. 316.
176 TaM me, c. 284.
177 TaM me. A I10311I1ee nepc fOOpIlH onpelle-
JIeHHO rOBopH.1J 00 H:JlIenaTCJJbCTBax CKII!j)OB.
178 !I.uoi)op CU4U./tUUc/>UU. EHomWTeHa, XX,
22 (B/(Iif, 1948, M 2, c. 263-264).
179 KceltorfiolLrn. AHaoacHc, I, VIII, 4-24.
IHO B)J,M, 1\)117, M 2, c. 184.
18/ IIonoe B. C. BRe:JanHOCTb H HeoiKHlIaHHOCTb
B HCTOpHH noiiH. M., 1965, c. 4L
182 B)J,H, 1947, .1\'2 2, c. 285. XapaKTepHO, '1TO
<DpOHTIII! nOMeCTIIJI nOT 3nR301l B pa311eJIe
CBoerO TpYAa «CTpaTereMbI», Ha3BaHnOM BeCb-
Ma TO'lHO H KpaCHOpe'lIlBO - «KaH DbIopaTb-
CH U3 caMbIX TpYlIHbIX n03m liH» (nOA'lepHHY-
TO MROIO.- E. lI.)._ B)J,H, 1940, .N'2 1,
c. 231.
183 B H, 1947, M 2, c. 285.
184 repooorn. MCTOplUI, c. 285.
IB5 TaM iIm, c. 285-286.
186 B)J,H, 1947, M 2, c. 286.
181 TaM me.
188 TaM me.
189 TaM me, c. 276.
190 repoiJom. MCTOPHH, c. 242.
19/ TaM me, c. 209.
192 1I eeCI'all B. n. BII3aHTHR n KJIaCCH'IeCKYro
H 3JIJIHHIICTII'IecKYIO 3noxu. M., 1953, c. 61.
193 BD;M, 1947, '2 2, c. 286.
194 TaM me.
195 rpaKoe B. 1I. I\aMeHcKoe rOpOl\1lm;e..,
c.16.
196 TaM me.
197 Kpynnoe E. If. 0 nOXOllax CKH!pOn '1epe3
KaBKa3.- B KH.: BonpocbI CKH!j)o-capMaT-
CKOH apXeOJIOrHli. M., 1954, c. 193.
198 Cmpyee B. B. 3TIOlIbI no HCTOpUH.., C. 100..
199 repoiJom. HCTOpIlH, c. 179.
200 TaM me, c. H2.
201 repooom. HCTOpHH, c. 144.
202 TaM me, c. 245.
2/)3 TaM me, c. 317.
204 TaM me, c. 330.
205 TaM me.
206 TaM me, c. 321.
207 BJ H, 1947, .1\'2 1, c. 2.
208 rpaKo8 B. H. HaMenCHoe rOpOIU'lUl.e.., c.16.
209 MMIOKoea A. If. AUTII'IHaH MlTepaTypHaH
TpaAm IIH 0 CKH!j)CKOii HenooellHMocTH.-
HCI1I1MK, 1949, Bun. 30, c. 105.
no Paaun E. A. UCTOpHH.., c. 80-81.
,
I B. A. H .rlbUIlC1W.1t I
H30EP AJKEHIUI CKIiI<I>OB
BPEMEHIiI lIE PE)J;HEA3IIA TCKIiIX
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E Ba RH KaKoH-nH6YJ];h HapOJJ; JJ;peBHO-
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3RTeJIhIlOrO RCRYCCTBa, RaR CI\HiPhf. B 11X
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uaCTcpa. 33MCqaTe.rlbHYIO CCpHIO COCTaB-
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38
meCTBenno COBepmeHHhfe H306pal:I\eHHH
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B OCTpOlWHe1JHOM KOJIIIaKe C napaJIJIeJIl>-
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2
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39
phITBllHRaMIl no nume. Manepa nepe-,
AaqH YCOB, 60POAhI, BhIcTynaIOJIJ;eH H3
nOA 6amJIhII\a 'leJIKH HanOMHHaeT rmnlH-
lIhIe tPllrYPI\U KOHHhIX CKlltPOB 113 MeMtPU-
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a HeKOTopbIO 6e3 nux. PYKH BO Bcex CJIY-
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B 1898 r., co 3HaMeHHToi'r KOHCI\OH reI\a-
TOMOOH B Ha3eMHOH AepeBHIIJIOH rp06HuI e,
cpeAR OCTaTKOB npOqHX nem;eH, HaHAe-
na TeppaI\OTOBaJI rOJIOBKa B BhICOKOM
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rJIHHHUbie <PHrYPKIl HaHAeHhI B pllAe
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CKHe HaKOHe'lHHKH CTpeJI H <popMa AJIH
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40
1\peIIJIlIJIaCb 1\ I\OHIO, llMeeTClI OI\pyrJIhIH
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B llHOM xYAoa,CCTBCII!IOM CTMJIe BbIIIOJI-
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H CJIHBaIOTCH C BCaAUII1\aMH. rOJIOB1\lI
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B MeMcpHCe, TaKJI\e 6bIJIH naHAeHbI cpHryp-
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MbI peIIIHTeJIbHO oT6pacbIBaeM I\aBbl1II\H,
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nYTeM B ITepeAHrolO A3Hro, OCTaBHB IIOCJIe
ceoH O,nIIOTHIIHble npeAMeTbI CI\HCPCI\OH
MaTCpHaJIbHOH I\YJIbTYPbl H H306pamenHH
eBpOIIeHCI\HX 60poAaTblx BcaAHHKOB B
OCTpOIWIle1IHbIX 1\0JInal\ax.
42
TeJIbHO YCTynaIOIIIHX HM no POCTY H CHJIe.
B n;eHTpe nOMCIlI,ena CI ena pYl\onamnoro
60H cKHcpa, 3aMaXHYBDIerOCH TonopoM,
H MIf,!(HM:Ila, cxnaTHBIuero cro 3a 6aIIIJIbIK.
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cpbI HSOUpail\CHbI B xapaI\TepHblx JJ;JIH HHX
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npIfl\penJIeH rOpHT, H AJIHHHblX mapOBap.
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CTopOHe l\eJIepMeCCI\OH ceKnpbl (CilpaBa H
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npocpHJIb B OCTpOBCpXOH THape, OKPYJIWB-
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MOJIflTBeHIIOM n03e II B nOJIYBOCTOqHOM
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43
(II{C'JIIIIoii). Ol1.emp;a nepenmYTa nOnCOM. B pamCIIbI COJIliqC n l1.pynre nCUCcm,fe CBe-
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qO'lenO-HBrymeTIIII.- CA, 1966, ,M 2,
c.302.
2 TaM fKe, c. 289-301.
8 Kpynnoe E. H. rJIIIBHHaH rOJIODKa «Clm<!Ja.
I13 3aKaDKa3blI.- B H, 1940, .M 3-4,
c. 370.
, OAI\ 3a 1898.- CII6., 1900, c. 30.
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JO Dalton O. M. The treasure of the Oxus.
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u Tex06 B. B. PacKorrKII TmIiicKoro MorIlJIb-
BIlKa B 1960 r.- CA, 1963, N 1, c. 165,
pIle. 2, 1; c. 166. pIle. 3, 5, 6; c. 173, pIlC. 4,
7; c. 174, pHC. 10, 1.
12 Tex06 B. B. CKII<!JcIme 3JICMeBTbI D MaTepn-
aJIbHOii KYJIbType IOro-OceTIIII.- B KB.: Bon-
pOCbI I1CTOpIlIl BapolloB I\aBKa3a. T6I1JIIICIl,
1966, c. 45.
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15 J(bR.KOItOe H. M. YKa3. CO'l., c. 233, pIlC. 40.
16 rpaitmOeCKUU a. A. PaHHHH I1CTOpIlH IIp aIlc-
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11 TaM me, c. 372.
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HaCLInn Hap; OCHOBHblMU rrorpe6eHUHMH
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57
JIIIlIIb, 'ITO nOKpyr I-typraHon y XYT. CTen-
Horo 74, fOll:nfHCIm:ii J 4 75, J\I 1 Y XYT.
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paJlbHoro.
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rane V B. AO H. ;J. 77 COBepmeHO B Aepe-
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58
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TaK/Ke COIlGI\eHHoe AepeBHHHoe coopyme-
HHe KOCTpOMCRoro RypraHa 78, KOHCTPYR-
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IIIerOCH MeAepOBCKoro KypraHa, B xOAe
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coopymeHlloii na ropH30HTe 89. CJIOHWaH
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59
iInlnmce OCIIOnaHllCM ;a:JIfI nOrpe6aJIbHOrO
I:OCTpa 91.
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60
Hafl no JIIIHIIII 3ana;a: - BOCTOR, nepeRpbI-
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;a:o H. a. 98 TIorp.e6eHIffl Ha ropIl30HTe
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n03;a:ueHmyJO npCL(CI\J.I<pC1.yro HYJILTYPY.
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npnQepllOMOpClwro npOHCXOmJJ;eIIMH
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;a:ocTaTn'IIlO Becrmx ;a:ono;a:a. BO-lIcpnblX,
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KaTalWMObl VI B. ;a:o II. 3. flB,'!HIOTCfI I10Ha
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PHIWIIHH I;YJlbTYP CIOHpCIWI'O OOJIUl{a -
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0'" ,IJ,aTlfpYIOTCH JIlfIlIh V U. J(O II. 3., npIl-
qCM oOlla pymeHbI OIIIf IIn TCppUTOpIlJI IOm-
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npUM('lIwroll HX I( TCppHTOpUIl paCCCJIeUUH
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OTJlOCIlTCH K em;e OOJIee n03,IJ,IIeMY BpeMcnn.
Yaw OArIO 3TO IIcrWJOqaeT B03MOirnIOCTh
B03JIUKnOBCIllUI Y CHU<pOB L(aIInOrO Tuna
IIOrpCOaJIblibIX CoopYiKeIIIIH B pe3YJIbTaTe
nOCTopOIIHcro RYJIbTypHoro BJIIIHHHfI.
Bo.'!ee Toro, KaTaKoMoa HaK TUn norpc-
OaJIbIIblX cooPymeulIH He Il3BeCTJIa ;a:ame
B COOCTBCIIHO CI\Il!fJCKIlX apXaIlQeCKIIX
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mllx npeJJ;CIUI<pCKIIX, qepiiOrOpOBCIw-nouo-
qepI(aCCImX IIorpeoelIllH, COBepmeIIlIblX B
RaTaI\OMOHX. O,IJ,IIn Il3 n03;a:rreHIIIUX naMflT-
HUKOB aToro pO;a:H Ilcc.'Ie;a:OBan na ,L{,Henpo-
neTpOBrn;UlIe Ii. <D. I\oBaJIeBoH 101. Oona-
pyn,eHnaH 3;a:eCb KaTHKoM6a co;a:cpmaJIa
aaxoponeIIIle, cpeL(II MaTepIlaJIOB IWTOpOH
naH;a:eII KYOOK paHHCa;aOOTlIIICKOrO HIlla.
RaK H3BeCTH0 1 B. A. MJIblIHCIWH y;a:3JIOCb
61
yTOqHHn. ;a:aTHpOBRY paHHema60THHCROrO
:JTaIIa RYJIbTYPbI IIpaB06epelI\HOH JIeco-
CTeIIH, YBepeHHO CIIHXpOHH3HpOBaTb ero
C 3aKJIro'IllTeJIbHbIM :nanOM HOBO'IepRaC-
CHOU KYJIbTYPbI H ;a:aTllpOBaTb 3TOT 3Tan
TIOpBOn nOJIOBllHOH VII B. ;a:o H. 3. 102
3THM me BpeMeHeM, COOTBeTCTBeHHO,
)J,OJUlma GbITb ;a:aTllpOBaHa RaTaRoMGa,
OTKphlTaH B ,IJ:uenponeTpOBCROH 06JIaCTll.
'faKIIM 06pa30M, B HaCToml ee BpCMH
IIpaInH'IeCRll JIHKBll;a:llpOBaIl XpOHOJIOrll-
'ICCRllH pa3pbIH Mem;a:y I.\pelllIeHlllHMll
CKIf<pCKHMU II 1I03;a:HeHlllllMll npe;a:CI<Il.p-
CI\l1'MI1 RwraROM6aMll, II ;a:OCTaTOqnO 'IeTRO
II<1MeTHJIaCb JIllHIIH llX IleIIpepbllllIoro
pa3BIITllH.
flO-BllAIIMOMY, C ;a:OCRH.pCRHM, RllMMe-
pIdiCIUl.M BJIllHHIfeM cBH3aUO II IIOHBJICHlle
Y CIUI.<POB CTOJI6oBOH rp06Hlll bI C 06JIllQO-
naUI\WMH AepenoM CTeUKaMll HMbI. 130
DCHROM CJIY'Iae 3TOT Tllll norpe6aJ'IbHOrO
coopymeHllH 6bIJ'I lllllpORO pacnpOCTpanen
!! CeBepHOM fIpll'IepHOMopbe, Ha'IllHaH
co cPy6Horo BpeMeHll.
HaROHeu;, CRopee Bccro IIepemHTO'IHbI-
MIf ;a:OCRll<pCRllMll Tpa;a:fII. IfHMll 06'bHC-
I\HeTCH II HaJIll'Ille B pH;a:e paHIIeCRll<pCRllX
lIorpe6eIlllH CKeJIeTOB, IIOJIOmeHlle ROTO-
pbIX OTJIll'IaeTCH OT xapaRTepHoro )J,JIH
CIUI.<POB - BLITHUYToro Ha cnllHe. TaR,
naIIpllMep, B norpe6eHllll VI B. ;a:o H. 3.
na HIIKOIIOJIbCROM RypraHHoM nOJIe (RYP-
raH M 5 rpYIIIIbI «CllPRO») YMepmllH JIe-
maJ'I JIIIIJ;OM BR1l3. TaKaH )l.eTaJIb 06pH;a:a
BeCbMa xapaRTepHa ;a:JIH norpe6eHllH HO-
BO'IepKaCCRoro BpeMeHll.
TaKIIM 06pa30M, CRll.pCRllH IIorpe-
6aJ'IbHbIM pUTyaJI VII-V BB. ;a:o U. 3.
aBJ'IHeTCa pe3YJIbTaTOM CMCrn;eHlla C06CT-
BeRHO CKH<pCRoro 06pH;a:a, npllHcceHIloro
Ha TSppllTOpUro CeBepHoro fIpll'ICpHO-
MOphH B VII B. ;a:o H. 3., II 6JI1l3ROrO
eMY o6pa)J,a MeCTlIoro ;a:OCRll.pCRoro Hacc-
JIeHIIH. MbI YBepeHbI, 'ITO B ;a:aJIbHeUmeM,
C HaKOIIJIeHlleM pHAa HOBbIX apXeOJIOrll-
'IeCKHX MaTepllaJIOB, y;a:aCTCH )J,OCTaTO'IHO
'IeTKO BbI;a:eJIHTb )l.Ba pa3JIH'IHbIX HanpaB-
JIeRHa B norpe6aJIbHOM pllTyaJIe CRll.pCRllX
IlJ'IeMeU CeBepHoro TIpll'IepH01tIOpbH.
62
1 FpaKoe B. H., MeJlJOKOea A. H. 06 :JTrIf'leCRIfX
11 "YJIbTYPHblX pa3JIIf'lIlHX D CTenHblX II JICCO-
CTeIIIIbIX 06JIaCTHX EnpoIIcilcIWii 'IaCTII CCCP
B CKIf<!JcKoe DpCMH.- BCCA, M., 1954; Apma-
.Monoe A. H. ::hlIorpa<!JIIH CKH<!JIlIf.- Y'IeH.
3aII. JIry, .M 85. Ccp. lICT. HaYK, 1949,
BbIII. 13; HljenK() H. B. CKH<!JIIH VII-V BB.
110 H. ::>.- Tp. fHM, 1959, BbIrr. 36; TepenoJIC-
Kun A. H. CKH<!JcKaH KYJIbTypa.- MHA,
1971,.M 177; H.A.bUItCKaR. B. A. CI\H<!JbI JIHeII-
pODcKoro JIecoCTCTJHOrO JIeB06epeiKbH. HHeB,
1968, c. 147, If cfl.
2 Kopnycoea B. M. TIpo HaCeJICHHH XOpIf aHTIf'l-
Ho'i <t>eol1oci"i.- ApxcoJIoriH, 1972, N 6;
llazoooecKuR. E. (j)., Cbl.MOnOeU'l a. A. CIm<!J-
CKIfH MOrIfJIbHIfK Y c. MIfXaiiJIODKa lIa HIfil,-
HeM D;Hcrrpc.- B KH.: CI\HcpCKlte lIpCBIIOCTlI.
I\HCD, 1973; llecKofl A. M. I\HpOnCIwc "oce-
JICHIfe.- 1I.BI-\, 1970, c. 15; /(anoUlulta C. H.
H3 IfCTOpIfJl I\OJIOHII3aI.jlIIf HlIiI\Hero IIofiYiKbH.
- MHA, 1956, .M 50, c. 230; HlJenl>o. n. B.
YKa3. CO'!., c. 64.
3 HKoeenKo a. B. HypraH Ha TeMIIp-rOpe.-
CA, 1972, .M 3.
4 KUR.UlKO B. n., KOpenR.KO B. A. IIorpe6cHIfB
paHHero iI,eJIe:JHoro BeI\a Y r, I\oHcTaHTIfHOB-
cKa-IIa-D;OHY.- CA, 1976, .M 1.
& npUaUK E. MeJIbrYlloDcKIfl 1 KJIall.- MAP,
1911, .M 31.
" MaltlfeeU'l A. n. fOJIOBI,a 6bIKa If3 KypraHa,
VI B. 110 H. ::>. Ha p. HaJIlfTDe.- CA, 1958.
N 2.
7 LeskolJ A. Die scythischen Kurgane.- Anti-
ke Welt, 1974, s. 58.
M BpaUlultcKU11 H. B. PacKoIIHIf C!m <!Jc KIf X
KypraHoB Ha HlliKHeM D;OHY.- I{CHA, 1973,
BbIII. 133, C. 54-57.
9 /( oe4./teea lJ. (j)., M yxonaa C. E. CImcpCHIfe
naMHTHHKll OpeJIbCKO-CaMapCKoro McmllY-
pC'IbH.- B KH.: HypraHHbIe ApeBHOCTIf CTeII-
HorO TIollHenpODbH. D;HeIIpOlIeTpoDcH, 1979,
c. tt3-114.
10 FpaKoe B. H. CKII<!JCKI!e norpefiCHIIH Ha J-Irmo-
nOJIbCKOM KypraHHo 1 IIOJIO.- MHA, 1962,
.M 115, c. 80-81.
11 llu6epOB n. l{. HypraHbI Y C. I\oHcTaHTII-
HODKIf.- HCHHMH, 1951, BbIII. 37, c. 141.
12 Bpaylt (j). K. OT'leT 0 paCIwrrKaX B TaBpII'ie-
CKorr ry6epmm B 1898 r.- HAK, 1906,
DbIII. 19, c. 43-44.
13 llecKoe A. M. OT1IeT 0 paCKOIIHax HaxoBcKOH
::>KCIIClIIfJjIlIf D 1968 r.- HaY'lHbIii ApXIfB
I1A AH YCCP, .M 1968/15.
14 rJepneltKO E. B., BynR.mR/t E. n. HypraHHaH
rpYIIIIa II1IfpoKoe 11.- B I\H.: HypraHbI lOiK-
HOll X epcOHIIJ,IfHbI. I\ lIeD, 1977, c. 57.
15 Cy660mun JI. B., 3azultau.A.0 A. r., m.!l<az-
./tuu H. M. KypraHbI y c. OropollHoe.-- MACTI,
1970, DbIII. 6, c. 151-152.
16 Jl£cKoe O. M. CHap6n KypraHiB XepCOHm;IJ-
HIf. H., 1974, c. 71-77.
17 Mypault B. 10., EeOOKU.M08 r. ll. PaHHecKIf4J-
CROC nOrpe6eHUe y c. BepXHeTapaCORRa.-
B KH.: }{ypraHbT !Ora )J,HcrrpOIWTpODlIl,HUbI.
I\IfeD, 1977; rJepltenKO E. B. CRi<!JCbRi I\YP-
raHIf V CT. JlO H. e. rr06JIIf3Y M. 1R1IaHOD.-
ApxeoJIoriH, 1970, T. 23, c. 179.
18 /l(enultCl>Ull A. A., rJepenanoea E. H. CeBep-
IIOC TIpIfcllDalllbe. CIIMtPepOnOJlb, 1969,
c. 280.
19 Ebert M. Ausgrabungen auf dem Gute Marit-
zyn, Gouv. Cherson.- Priihistorishe Zeits-
chrift, Band. 5.
20 TepeltO:JICKUIt A. If" If./tbUltCKaR. B. A., Mo-
ao./teOCKUU B. H., 'lepltenKo E. B. CKIf<!JCKIfC
TlyprallbI HHlWIlOJlblJ\!UIbI.- B KH.: CKlItP-
clme IlpenIlocTH. I\lIeD, 1973, c. 169.
21 III anoUl n ulinea (). 1'. IT orpefJrlIue CKIf<!JCRoro
DOIma lIa HllrYJIe.- CA, 1970, .M 3.
22 /{oeaAe8a H. l/J., Myxonao C. E. YKa3. COtI"
c. H1-112.
2:J Ca.MOKflaCOfl l{. H, MOrJIJIbI PYCCKOH 3CMJIIf.
M., 1908, c. 121-122.
24 JlKO{lenKO 3. B., rlermenKo E. B., Kopnyco-
oa B. fl. OrlI1CaHIIC CKU<!JCKHX norpe6clluii
D Kyprallax 80CTO'lJ{oro KpwMa.- B KIT.:
J(pellllOCTIf BOcTOtJIIOrO I\pbIMa. HIfeD, 1970,
c. 141.
H/feltKO If. B. YRaa. CO'l., c. 57-58.
26 X aUeltKO B. fl., X altenliO B. If. )J,peDIIocTII
TIpIfllHcrrpOnbfI. KIfen, 1907, 6, c. 10-11.
27 Myp,1un B. 10., rJepUeltKO E. B. CpeJlCTna
3alJ IfTbI ooenoro KOHH B CKlltPCJ:oe BpeMH.-
B RH.: CKIItPHH If l\aDHaa. I\IfeD, 1979.
28 Ca.MOKeaC()(/ l{. H. Y"a3. CO'l., c. 123.
29 /lempeltKO B. r. IJpaBo6epeil\be CpeJlHl'rO
TIpfIlIllellpODbH D V-Ill DIJ. JlO 11. 3.- CAH,
H!67, )J,1-4, c. 15.
80 MoaO./teeCKUU B. H., MUxo./tbcKaR. T. C.,
PR.60fla B. A. PaCRonRII Ha l HerrporreTpoB-
I1J,IfHe.- AO, 1973, M., 1974, c. 311-315.
81 J{anOUluna C. If. 113 lICTOpllU rpetleCRorl KOJIO-
HH3aIum HHamero TIo6ymbH.- MIIA, 1956,
M 50, c. 230.
82 DOKUU H. M. CRII<!JCKIfH KypraH Y c. MeJlepo-
80.- CA, 1974, oM 4.
83 Manlje8U't A. n. rOJIODRa 6bIJ:a fIa KypraHa
VI B, JlO H. 3. Ha p. I\aJIIfTDa.- CA, 1958,
N 2.
34 flpUGUK E. MeJIbrYHoDcRIfH KJIaJl.- MAP,
1911, .N'! 31.
$ Cu./taltmbe8a ll. tP. HeKpOrrOJIb HIfM<!JeH.-
MHA, 1959, M 69, c. 51-91; rJepneltKO E. B.
JIorpe6emIH C opymHeM If3 HeKpOrrOJIH HIfM-
4JeiI.- B RH.: l peBHocTIf BOCTO'lUOro HpbI-
Ma. I\lIeD, 1970; H"Ofle1tKO E. B. CRi<!JIf CxiJl-
IIoro HpHMY. K.,1974, c.69-70.
86 HK08eHKO E. B. CRi<!JIf CXiJlHorO KpfIMY,
' I c. 67.
$7 1I eCKoe A. M. BoraToe CKfI<!JcRoe rrorpe6elille
If3 BOCTO'lHOrO I\pbIMa.- CA, 1968, .N' 1.
V8 lIecK08 A. M. OT'IeT 0 pacKorrRax KaXODC1\OH
:mcneJ\IU\fIfI D 1968 1'.- HaY'lHbIH apxIIB
I1A AH 'CCP, .N'! 1968/15.
39 fl1woeuKo E. B. CKiqm CxillHoro KpHMY,
c. 59.
40 Bpaylt tP. J{. OT'IeT 0 paCRorrKax B TaDpn-
'1eCROH ry61'pHIIfI D 1898 1'.- HAK, 1906,
DbIIl. 19, c. 84-85.
41 Coo6m;eHIfe Ua'laJIhHnKa XepcoHcROii :mcrre-
JlIfWUI HA AH 'CCP A. H. I\y6bI111eDa.
42 rpaKoe B. 1/. CKn1fJcKIIe rrorpe6eunH Ha HfI-
ROnOJlbCROM RypcaHHOM nOJle.- MIIA, 1963,
oM 115, c. 80-81.
43 OAI\ aa 1RI17 r. CTI6., 1900, c. 133-137.
TIpn'lIfCJlHH lJorpe6aJlbll",e coopymeuuA D KYP-
raHax EaobI II PacIwnalla MOTllJla R '1I1CJIY
KaTaRoM6HbIX MOTl!.'l, MbI C'lJlTaeM eOBepmemI()
np11DHJI"'loij IIMeHHO TaI\YIO IIX HIITeprrpeTa-
JJ,IfI0, nlIepDbIe npeJlJl omeullYIO H. B. Hl'(eH-
1\0 (YKaa. CO'l., c. 58, 68).
44 AJoao./tC8clwIl B. n., .MUXO./tbCKaR. T. C., PR.-
600a B. A. YKaa. CO'l., c. 311 H CJI.
45 Moao./teecKuIl B. H., Pa608a B. A., 1lIf'8'leH-
1£0 JJ. ll. OTtICT 0 paooTe Op;:p"onlIKHJl3eD-
cKoii 3KCneJlIII(1I1I TJ 1\174-1975 1'1'.- Hay'I-
HbIll apx m l1A AH YCCP, .N'2 11175/8; llIanoUl-
//UKoea O. r., tPo. eltl;o B. lI., BO Kapefl B. C.
U Gp. Oor'l(JT 0 paoOTe HurYJlbCI\oii 3I\CrreJlU-
I(nfI D 1973 r.-HaY'lllwii apxHD HA AH YCCP,
M 1973/8.
46 I1(enuncKuu A. A., rJepenaltooa E. II. YRaa.
CO'l., c. 231-232.
47 TepeltO:JICKilt O. I. I\JIaCH i KJIaconi BiJ\HOCIf- (
HII Y CT{i4Jii'.- ApxeoJloriH, 1975, oM 15,
c. 9.
48 llecKo8 A. M. EoraToe CKHtPcROe norpe6eHHe
fI3 DOCTO'IHOrO KpbIMa, c. 158.
49 K06a./te8a If. tP., BO.!tK060Il C. C., Mapu-
I£a 3. n. U Gp. PacRoIIRIl KypraHoD II 6ac-
cefille CaMapbI.- AO, 1977. M., 1978, c. 331-
332.
50 Fepooom, IV, 71.
51 CfeplteltKO E. B. TIorpe6emIH C opymIfeM If3
lIeRpOIIOJIIt HUM<PCH, c. 190,
2 Mypau/l B. 10. l{Da paHHecKHtPcKIIX KOMnJIeK-
ca If3 3arropomcRoii 06JIaCTIf.- B KH.: Ho-
Dble IfCCJIellOllaHlIH apxcoJIOrnqeCHHX rraMHT-
III1ROD Ha YKpaIlHe. KIICD, 1977, c. 61.
3 HljellKO If. B. CRIf4JJ\H VIl-V DD. JlO H. 3.
c. 71.
54 H ljeltKO If. B. CRIf<!JCKlte rrorpe6emiH 6JIIf3
HOraHC1\a.- B)J,II, 1956, oM 1.
55 Hl{eItKO If. B. CRIf4JUH VII-V DD. JlO H. 3.,
c.71-75.
56 A pma.Moltoe M. If. aTHorpa<!JIfH CKIf<!JIfJI,
c. 134-149; rpaKoe B. H. CRI!4JbI. M., 1971,
c. 64; llecKoe A. M. TIpellCRIf<!JCRHii rrepnoll
D CTerrHX CeDepHOrO TIpn'lepHOMopbH.- MI1A.
1971, M 177, c. 90-91.
7 1./t./tiltCbKa B. A. HypraHIf cKi<!JcbRoro 'lacy
TIoCYJlbCbKo-)J,onelJ,bKOrO JIicoCTeny.- Apxe-
OJIOriH, 1962, T, 14, c. 71-74.
63
58 lleCK08 A. M. TIpcAcKmpCKHii nepHOp; B CTe-
IIHX CCBepnoro TI pnqCpnOMopbH, c. 76-77;
OmpOUfeltKO B. B. HODbIii: ItypralIlIbIii 110-
n!JIbIIflK 6eJI03epCIwro BpcMcnH.- B KH.:
CKflificKflii Mflp. K, 197;:;.
9 Il(enuncKuu A. A. TIorpe6emIe HaqaJIa me-
JIe3IIOrO Delta y CHM<!JepOIIOJIII.- I\CIIA
AH YCCP, 1962, BbIn. 12; Buoau./tR. B. H.,
HKonenKo 9. B. I\HMMcpniicKJIe IIorpe6eHHH
BhlCOKOii MOrflJIbI.- CA, 1974, M 1; llonoe P.
MorflmnITi rp060Be npIf c. EIIlIiKa.- IIEAII,
COIfJUH, 1932, T. 6, c. 97-102; Ton'leea r.
,T(Da HaArpoollhlx MOIIYMcIiTaJIbIIbIX naMIIT-
IIflKa 4IpaKfliicm!M DOjKJ ml.- TpaI(IfH. C04J1IIH,
1972, oM 1.
eo TepenoJ/CKU/£ A. H. HHMMepIfiil\bI. I\HeB,
1976.
.n J[ amb!ll£ee B. B. PacKonKIf H. II. BCCeJIOR-
CIwro 1!J16-1917 rr.- CrAUMH, 19 6,
T. 1, c. 200.
e2 TepenoJ/CKu/£ A. H. I\IfMMepHiil\bI, c. 92.
6J Buoau.llR. B. H., HKoeenKo 9. B. YK8a. CO'l.,
c. 151.
114 /lanYUlI£R./I, B. ll. HIfMMepIfiicKIfii KIfHmaJI
fl3 c. Ecpe3KfI B M.OJIlIaBIfIf.- B KH.: CKH4J1oI
If caPMaTbI' HueR, 1977, c. 37.
jJ 'gepnRKge H. T. HIfMMepIfiicKIfe KypraHbI
6ml;! YCTbH )J,YllaH.- B KH.: CKIf4JbI If cap-
M8TLI, c. 33.
66 TaM iKC, c. 31-33; TepenoJ/CKun A. Jf. I\IfM-
MeplliiI w, c. 93.
If1 TepenoJ/CKun A. H. HIfMMepIfHl\bI, c. 93-94.
68 TaM me, c. 98.
69 l{.(enuncr,ul1 A. A. IIorpcoeHIfe lIaqaJIa il(('J-
JIC3nOrO ReKa ..., c. 57-58; Mypain B. JO'.
TIoxonaIInH VIII - nOqaTKY VII CT. CT.
1\0 II. c. lIa XepcoIIIllIllIi.- ApxeojJorilI,
1977, oM 22, c. 75-76.
70 TepmOJ/CKun A. H. HIfMMepIfHl\bI, c. 98.
7! Me/£enml>ee A. II. HeKoTopbIe lIeTaJIIf KOII-
CIwii ynpHiKfI KIf IMepJIii:cKoro BpCMCHII.-
II:CHHMI\, 1967, RLIll. 112, c. 38.
72 Mypailt B. 10. CKi4JIf Ha TIiBHiqllOMY I\aR-
Ka;!i (VIl-V CT. ,11;0 H. e.) - ApxeoJIorilI,
1978, oM 27.
73 C006m;elIIfC A. JI. HC'IIfTaHJIO.
7' B I£nozpaoo8 B. B. HOBbIe IIaxollKIf npellMe-
Ton cImifio-CHoupCKoro :mepIIlIoro CTl'IJIlI
B q e'lCHO- H IIrymeTJIIf. - CA, 1974, .N'! 4,
c. 258 I'! CJI.
7. M apK08ufl B, H. CI(II<!JCKIfe KyprallbI Y c. roii-
TbI'- CA, 1965, oM 2.
16 IIempenKo B. r., llaiioellKoA. B., Ky6b1.-
Ulee A. B. u op. PaCKonKU Kypralla y c. AJIeK-
canllPOBCKoro.- AO, 1973; llempenKo B. r.
CTanpOnOJIbCKaJI 3KClIe,ll;If1\IIII,- AO, 1974,
M., 1975,
84
77 Bunozpaoo8 B. E., Py/iU'I. A. !T, HOBbIe lIaH-
llble no apxeOJIOrnIf CCBepnoro lI:aDI{a3a.-
A8C, 1969, T. 3, c. 100-101.
78 OAH 3a 1897 r., 1900, c. 11-13.
79 OAII: 3a 1904 r., 1907, c. 85-95.
80 repooom, IV, 71.
81 MapKoeu/£ B. If. YKa3. COq., c. 163-166,
168-170.
82 llempenKo B. r. TIaMHTBIfKIf paRlleCKIf<jJCIWii
KYJIbTypbI lIa CTaBpOnOJIbC.- B KII.: Apxco-
JIorHIl CCBepnoro I)aBI,a:Ja. VI Il:pynHODclme
'lTeIlIfIl B Hpacllollapc (Te3. 1I0KJI., KOIl4J.).
M., 1976.
83 M unaeea T. ]l.f. A pXeOJIOrIf'leCKIfe MaTepIfaJIbI
cKIf4JcIwro DpeMeHfI B CTaBpOn'OJIbCKOM Kpac-
BOM MY3ee.- MIICII:, 1956, Bwn, 8, c. 329-
331.
84 C.I!UIJ/£oe K. rfJ. CanpO laTbI. M., 1964, c. 79-
80.
R5 TaM mc, c. 81.
86 TaM mc, c. 85.
87 C.ltupl£oe [{. rfJ. CapMaTw Ila HJICIW. M.,
1975, c. In.
88 TaM me, c. 25-26.
69 TaM me, c. 146.
90 TaM me, c. 29-30.
91 MOIl£Koea M. r. CaBpmlaTCKJIP IJaMHTHHlm
CeRcpo-BOCTO'lHOrO 0pPII6ypiI{J,H.- MIIA,
1972, .N'! 153, c. 59-60.
92 C.l£upnoe [{. rfJ. CapMaTbI lIa HJIeIW, c. 17-
19, 78-79.
93 MOll£K08a ]l.f. r. TIpoucxoml\enllC paRnecap-
MaTCIWii (npoxopOBCKOii) "YJIbTYPId. M.,
1974, c. 17.
94 C.Mupnoe K. rfJ. CaBpOMaTbI, c. 83.
95 Tau me, c. 84.
96 lvlOUl/;oea ]I.!. r. TIpOIfcxOiKlICHIfC ..., c.40-
43.
97 BUUlneeCKaR. O. A., Hmuua M. A. PaRHHl1
caKIf IIplIapaJIbII.- MI1A, 1971, M 177,
c. 198.
98 BUUlUeeCKaR. O. A. HyJIbTypa CaKCI\lfX IJJIe-
MCH ll1I30BbeB CbIpllapbl'l B VIl-V liB. ,11;0
R. 3. M., 1973, c. 65.
99 TaM me, c. 61, 64-65.
100 AKUUleB K. A., KYUlORe r. A. .n;peRnHH
KyJIbTypa caKOB If YCYHel1 1I0JIIfllbI p. IIJIIf.
AmIa-ATa, 1966, c. 303 If CJI.
101 TIorpeoeIIfle M 3 KypraHa M 3 y c. Cnac-
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1I0ro TIOllllenpoBbH D III-I TWC. 110 H. J.
)J,HenponeTpoBcK, 1978, c. 73).
102 JI./tbunCKaR. B. A. PaHHecKlI4JcKHC KypraHbI
6acceuHa p, THcMHH. HJ1eB, 1975, c. 71-
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m;e IIOJl,RypraHHhIe HMhI II RaMeHHhIe rpo6-
Hlln;hI TllIla Hm;llROB. B Ta6JI. 1 IlpllBeJl,eHhI
CBeJl,eHIIH 0 Jl,eTaJIHX ROHCTPYRIJ;llH H 06PH-
Jl,a Ilorpe6eHHrr IlepBoH rpYIIIIbI. OHH, l\aR
IIpaBllJIO, BIlycRHhIe, HHorJl,a nOIlOJIHHIOTCH
pa3JIll'IHhIMH RaMeHHhIMll coopYllieHHH-
Mll - 3aChIIlRaMll, ROJIbQeBbIMH 06RJIan:-
KaMll, IlepeRphITHHl\Ill; ll3BeCTHhI Tpll 3a-
xopoHeHllH BHe KypraHHbIX HacbIIIerr. 0)]:-
HO H3 HllX (1\npoBcRoe IlOCeJIeHlle) Hall).{e-
HO IlPH HeJJ;OCTaTO'IHO HCHhIX 06CTOH-
TaoJIHua 1. X3p3KTepRCTUK3 Kep'leHCKUX norpe6eHRii VII-V BB. no H. 3. B rpYHTOBblX JIM3X
ITorpeOaJIbHOe coopymeHHe I ITorpeOaJIbHblit oopHn
:2; HOHCTPYH II'H CTpaTHrpaqlHH TlonollieHHe OpHeHTa IfH
I , ..
.; .. '" to
ITYHHT :2; IS: to CD P. ..
= g: a! CD :a
'" :a .. '" = '" '"
=- 10 0", = =: = » (i; :a '" t:: =: :a
'" '" "'0. '" " ;,: I '" =: '" 11'
0. '" 11' = "t '? 0 =
f- f- '" £'" " 8 <) 0: 0. <) '" .. <)
0. 0 :! 0:' '" () » .. S 0: t:: 0 " ( '"
» t:: '" t:: :a '" f- 0 ,I '"
;,:; c:: I:::i ::: 0 j:Q '" <5 = :g Iii '" =
TeMJI-fopa - 81 X X - X - - X - - X - - -
ACTalIJIHO 5 1 X - - - X - - X - X - - -
To me 7 1 X - - - X - - X - - - X -
» 9 1 X - - - X - X -- - - X - -
» 23 13 - - X - X - X - - X - - -
cDpolIToBoe I - 17 X X - - - X X - - X - - -
To me - 92 X - - - - X - - X - - - X
IiHpo BO - 2 X - - - - X X - - X - - -
MJIbIf'ICBO 4 1 X X - - X - X - - X - - -
Bcero 8 3 1 1 5 3 6 2 1 6 1 1 1
'.
-
TaOJIH a 2. COCT3B OCIIOBHblX K3Tcropua nOrpC03JIbHoro RHBcHT3pn I;ep'len CI;UX rpYHToBbiX
MOrRJI
Opymlfe HepaMHKa d>
'"
.. <- to
0
:2; HOJI'IaHHblit JIennaH :a '"
Ha60p '" -
.. '"
0: 0 0
ITyHR'l' t:'! '" q
:2; <: '" '" is:
'''is: '" a: :E
11' 0.:<: '" '" '" " '"
=: I p.CQ is:=: = !!! S..
'" '" '" '" is:
<)<) C '"
f- 0. !2 ;; <: 0 is: .. »is:
t:; r... 2 '" <) f;t:: ..
0 '" 0 .. 0 '"
t:: '" ::s .. » =: ;,:; :r::,8 I:::i
;,:; :=@= " '" '"
TeMJIp-fopa - 81 X X - - - X - - VII
ACTammo 5 1 - - - - X - - - VI-V
To me 7 1 - - - - X - X - VI-V
» 9 1 - - - X '- - X - VI-V
» 23 13 - - - X - - - - VI-V
cDpollTOBoe I - 17 - - - X - - X - VI-V
To me - 92 X - X - - - - X VI-V
KnpoBo - 2 - X - - X - - X VI-V
MJIbJI'IeBO 4 1 X - X - - - X - V
Bcero 3 2 2 3 3 1 4 2
TeJIbCTBaX 15, O;a:naRO xapaRTep norpe-
6aJIbHOrO 06pflaa B CO'IeTaHlIlI C Ha6opOM
nHBeHTapfl n03BOJIrr.'I OTHeCTlI era R rpyn-
ne paHnecRH<pcKIiX. To me CJIeayeT CKa-
aaTb IT 0 ;a:BYX norpe6eHHflx ACTaHHHcRoro
MOrHJIbHHRa, ROTopbIe B OT'IeTe I\ep'IeH-
CROll ,mcneIWn;nn OTHeceHbI R :moxe
6POH3M 16.
.5*
OpneHTan;lIfl II nOJIOiReHHe norpe6eH-
HbiX HeycTOll'IHBbI (pnc. 1), HO Bce iRe
Monmo OTl\IeTnTb npe06JIa;a:aHHe BbITflny-
Toro nOJIOmennfl - 66,6 % H 3ana;a:HoH
opHeBTan;nH - 66,6 % (rrpn 11,1 % BeflC-
HbTX CJIY'IaeB).
TIpn aHaJIH3e COCTaBa norpe6aJIbBOrO
nHBeHTapfl HCCJIe;a:yeMbIx ROMrrJIeRCOB oco-
67
t",:,'
\II"
4
-)'
p \:y,
- .)-
...
$;
t Ii
<@> -q Z \/4 t]S
2 {J 6 t
vv
6 7 V/j
o
". "10 "" li
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r",
. I
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V l2
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13
1
PJJC. 2. TIpeAMeThl BoopymeHlIH 113 KepqenCKHX
I1orpeGeHllii:
1. 2 - <PpOIiTOBoe, norpeoeHHe No 92; 3-14 - HJIbH-
'leBo, K)'praH No 4, 1I0rpeoeHHe N. 4; ApmHl eBo. I,
12-14 - llieJIeao; 2-11 - OpOH33.
. 60e Bnn:ManRe 6bTJIO 06pameno na KaTerO-
pIfIl rraXOiWK, B rraR60JIbllIe:u CTerreHH CO-
ACpmaru.Re RH.popMa RIO 06 ;nHRqeCKO:U
rrpllrraAJIelIUIOCTH IIorpe6enrroro: rrpeAMe-
TbI BoopYII\errHfl, JIerrrryIO KepaMRKY, oc-
TaTKR Mflcrro:u mepTBeHHO:U rrRIIJ;H. IIpeA-
rrOqTeHIle OTAaBaJIOCb HaR60JIee rraAemrrQ-
My B AarrrrOn cRTya RH rrOKaaaTeJIIO-
JICIIHOH KepaMRKe.
B Ta6JI. 2 BRArro, qTO B 'IeTbIpeX IIorpe-
6errRflX Ra AeBflTH (rrpH ABYX HapYllIeH-
HI>lX) rraHAeHbI rrpeAMeTbI BoopymerrRfl
(pRC. 2, 1-14). B meCTH CJIyqaflX Ra-
BeCTHbl JIerrHbIe COCYAbI (pRC. 3), cpeAR
KOTOpblX oc060ro BrrRMarrHfl aaCJIymRBaIOT
CTOJIOBble C JIOrn;eHO:U rrOBepxrrOCTbIO H
pe3HbIM opHaMeHTOM. TOJIbKO B MOrRJIe
BORrra rra TeMHp-rOpe BCTpe'leHa aHTRq-
Hafl KepaMRKa. OCTaTKH MflCHOH mepTBeH-
68
Pile. iI. JIellHaH KepaMHKa Il3 KapqeHCKIiX no-
rpe6eHllii:
1 - ACT3HBHO, KypraH No 9, lIorpeoeHHe No 1; 2
ACTaHllIlO, Kyprau No 7, I10rpeOeIllle No 1.
HO:U rrRrn;R aacfmKCRpOBanbI B qeTblpeX H3
CeMR HeHapYllIeHrrblX KOMrrJICKCOB.
B Ta6JIR e 3 rrpeACTaBJIerrbI AOCTOBCp-
rrble MaTepn:aJIbl Ra paCKorrOK A. M. JIec-
I\DBa 1957 r., M. T. RpyrJIRKOBOn 1958 r.,
B. H. RopnycoBo:u 1969, 1973 rr.,
C. C. BeccorrOBO:U 1970 r. R ABa KOMrrJIeKCa
Ha rraxoAoK Repqerrclw:u 3KcrreAHQn:H
1965-1967 fr. 17 Bcero aa.pRKcRpOBarrO
T a 6 JI II 1\ a 3. Xapal\TcpHcTul\a l\ep'leHcl\ux norpe6emIii VII-V BB. no H. 3. B l\aMeHHbIX H lll\aX
IIorpeOaJIbHbJe coopymeHHII IIorpeoanbHbJit OOPIIJ:{
)];OTIOJIHHTeJlbHble I
;.; K3MeHHbIe HOH- ROnH'IeCTBO IIOJIOmeHHII 0pHeHT3IJ,HII
'" '" CTpYKIJ,HII
0 -,
IIYHHT IS: :0 ;;; 8 tr:
tr: co * 0: co
'" '" .-. Iii :0 & '" tr:
\0 Po 0 0; S 0 :0 '" 0
'" .... 0
Po " ;; ,.. :0 "' 0 C3 0; ;:" :0 '" 0 :0
'" ;:;. .... '-' :<: c,) co ,.. "
0 gJ 0 \0 tr: == '-' tr: "'''' 0'" tr: '" " 0:
.... Po co "! '" '" :00 ",0 '" 0 '"
\0 " " '" 0 tr: II: "',.. ,-,tr: :0 '" :0
I ,
PbI6noe, 1957 1 X - X X - - - x - - x - - X
MbICODOC, 1957 2 X - X X - - - X - - X - - X
PbI6noc, 1958 1 X - X X - - x - - - x - - X
To mo 2 X - X X - - x - - - X - - X
» 3 X - X X - - X - - - X - - X
30JlOTOe, 1969 1 X - X X - - X - - - X - - X
To )Ke 2 X - X X - - X - - - X - - X
30JlOTOe, 1973 5 X - X X - - X - X - - X - -
30JIOTOe » 6 X - X - X - X - - - X X - -
30JIOTOC » 7 X - X X - - X - X - - X - -
30JIOTOe » 8 X - X - - - X - X - - X - -
ApmIfllI\CDO 1 - 1 - X - X - - - X - X - -
JIeHIfHo 3 - 3 - X - X - - - X - - X -
J1JlbIfQeDO 1 - 6 X - - - - X - - X - - X
Bcero 11 3 12 11 1 2 9 3 3 2 9 5 1 8
14 RaMPIIHLIX rpOOIIIn Tlma fI lIROB,
cpep;H I\OTOPb!X Tpn HaHp;em,I nop; HypraH-
lILIMH HaCbITIflMH (pHC. 4).
Bce 6ecRypraHHbIe 3aXOpOIlCHI1f1 B Hn H-
Rax HMeIOT, KaI\ npaBHJIO, ROJIblJ,eBbIe
06KJIaP;KH, a nap; nepeI\pbITHeM H3 nJIHT,
eCJII1 OHI1 Hallp;eHbI in si tu, HMeeTCfI 3aBaJI
KaMIIoH. Bce fllII,HKH B IIJIaHe npfiMoyrOJIb-
HOll !fJOPMbT, 3a HCI\JIIO'IeHlfeM op;Horo
OnaJIbHoro II RypraHHoM MOl'HJIbHHRe y
c. JleHlIHo 18.
HeCMOTpfl Ha nO'ITH nOJIHYIO pa3rpa6-
JIeHHOCTb flIII.I1I\QB, B HeCROJIbRHX CJIY'IaHX
3aqJHRCHpOBaHbI CROp'IeHHOe (ApUIHHn;eBO,
JIeHlIHO) H BhITHHYToe (30JIOToe) nOJIOlKe-
HEH CReJIeTOB npH HeYCTOH'II1BOH opHeH-
TalJ,HH - BOCTOR H 3anap;. DOBTOpHOCTb
3axopOHeHHll npe06JIa;J.aeT.
B COCTaBe norpe6aJIbHOrO HHBeHTapH
RaMeHHbIX rp06HI1Q (n6JI. 4) npllCYT-
CTByroT opYIKHe Jf JIenHaH RepaMlII{a. Do-
CJIep;HHH, R COlKaJIeHHIO, nOCJIe orpa6.'!eHHH
coxpaHHeTCH B He3Ha'IHTeJIbHbIX !fJparMeH-
Tax; B TaROM lKe COCTOHHHH HaH;a:eHa II aH-
TH'IHaH KepaMHRa1. npe;a:CTaBJIeHHaH B
60JIbIIIHllCTBe CJIY'IaeB aM!fJopHoM TapOH.
B03MOI:I\H0, 'ITO nomroc OTCYTCTBlIC KOC-
TeH mHBOTHbIX B RaMeHHI,!X HII HI\aX B
RaROH-TO CTerreHI1 06'bHCIUlCTCH HX
orpa6JIeHHOCTbIO, XOTH TOT TC3l1C neCOM-
HeHHO Hya{;a:aeTCH B IJpOBepRe.
HeCMOTpH Ha £pparMeHTapIlOCTb CBe;a:e-
HI1H, OT;a:eJIbnbIe ;a:eTaJIlf 06pH;a:a norpe6e-
HHll B HlII,HKax H lIX Be eBOH MaTepI1C1JI
II03BOJIHroT rOBopHTb 0 3Ha'IHTCJIbIloii:
6JIH30CTlf 3TOro THna 3:lXOpOneUI1ll norpe-
6eHI1HM B rpYHTOBbIX HMax. OCHOBnbIe
pa3JIlI'IHH Mel:I{;a:y HlB1H - nOBTopHOCTb
norpe6elII1H H nO'ITI1 06H3aTeJIbIIOe npH-
CYTCTBHe aHTH'IHOH KepaMI1KH B COCTaBe
HHBeHTapH RaMeH[!bIX HlII,lII\OB. BnOJIHe
B03MOII\HO, 'ITO n6CJIe;a:HHH OC060HHOCTb
CBH3aHa C Tpa;a:HQUCH nOBTopHbIX 3axopo-
HeHHH B RaMeHHbIX rp06HHQax, CJIYIKHB-
IIIHX HeCROJIbRHM nOROJICHHHM CCMeHHO-
pop;CTBeHHoro ROJIJIeKTHBa. AHTlIqHaH Re-
paMI1Ra CTaHOBHTCH OOH3aTeJIbHbIM npe)];-
MeTOM B COCTaBe norpe6aJIbHOrO HHBeHTa-
pH MeCTHoro HaCeJICHHH nOJIYOCTpOBa co
BTOpOH nOJIOBI1HbI V B. ;a:o H. 3.1. KOf;a:a
69
BOCTO'IHIidi KpbIM - eBpOrreHCKHH Boc-
rrop - rrOJIHOCTblO KOHTpOJIHpOBaJICH
CrrapTOKll}];aMll, rrpOBO}];llBIIIHII1H rrOOm;pH-
TeJIbfIYIO rrOJIHTHKY rro OTHOIIIeHHIO K MeCT-
HOMY OCe}];JI03eMJIe}];eJIbqeCROMY HaCeJIe-
HllIO 19. BepOHTHO, 'ITO HMeHHO B 3TOT
rrepllOA aHTH'IHaH rrocy}];a rrOrra}];aeT B Ka-
MeUHbIe rp06HHl\bI, OCHOBaHHbIe em;e B
olJ11 r
w D
tJd;3 I
CKoe HaCeJIeHHe 20, B rJIy6HHHIiIX CTerr-
HIiIX paHoHax - OCe}];JIbIX CKH<f>OB, a B
rrpll6peJ«HoH 30He - TaBpOB, rrepeMec-
THBIIIllXCH CIO}];a H3 ropHoro KpIiIMa 21.
B rrOCJIe}];HHe rO}];DI rrOHBHJIIICb HOBble rH-
rrOTe3bI: 'IaCTh rraMHTHllKOB BOCTO'lHOrO
KpIiIMa rrIiITaroTcH OTHeCTH K (<UOTOMKaM
KHMMepHHQeB», a HeKOTopIiIe rrorpe6eHHH
..
-
2
==>---
@\
lIf Q i
J
PilC. 4. Hep'leHCKD:e KaMeHHbIe HIIJ;HKH:
1 - PbIOHoe, I111\HI< No 1 (no A. M. JIecHOBY); 2 - JIeHBHo, Hypl'aH No 3, nOl'pe6eHBe No 3; 3 - ApmHHlleBo
(no C. C. BeccOHOBOil).
paHHecKH<f>cKoe BpeMH (HaKOHe'IHHKH
CTpeJI paHHHX THrrOB, JIemlaH JIOm;eHaH
rrocy}];a) H }];OJ«HBalOm;He B pH}];e CJIY'IaeB
AO HaqaJIa IV B. AO H. 3. (repaKJIeHCKHe
aM<pOpbI) .
B rrpOTHBorrOJIOJ«HOCTh KaMeIIHbIM rpo6-
HllQaM rpYHTOBbIe HMbI HBJIHIOTCH BO BCeX
CJIY'IaHX 3aKpblTblMH KOMrrJIeJ(CaMll O}];HO-
I(paTHOrO HCIIOJIb30BaJIllH, rrOnOMY llX
llllBenTapb 3a<PIIJ(CllpOBaJI 1I0rpeUaJIbHbIe
TpaAllQllll 60JIee Y3I\OrO rrpOMemYTKa Bpe-
Menll, KOr}];a KOHTaKTbI MeCTHOrO HaCeJIe-
RJUI C n\HTeJIflMll 60crropcIurx rOpOAOB
ObIJJll MCnee pa3IHlTbI, <IeM B rrOCJIe}];YIOm;ylO
31I0XY. HeCMOTpH IIa rllfIOTeTH'IHOCTb AaH-
1I0ro rrpe}];IIOJIOiKerrllH, OHO npe}];CTaB-
JIHeTCH BrrOJIHe )];OrrYCTllMbIM H rrpH }];aJIb-
IICHIIIllX HCCJIC}];OBaIIllHX MOH\eT 6bITb YTOq-
nerro.
AHaJJH3 rrorpe6aJIbHOrO OOpH}];a H HH-
BeHTapn Kep'IeHCKllX rrorpe6eHHH VII -
HaqaJIa V BB. }];O H. 3. rr03BOJIHeT IlOCTaBllTb
BOlipOC 06 HX nHH'IeCKOH rrpHHa}];JIeH\HOC-
TH. TO'IKll 3peHllH pa3JIH'IHbIX nCCJIe}];OBa-
TeJIeH IIO 3TOMY rroBOAY He COBna}];aIOT.
TaR, B 6JIHmaHmeH oEpyre 6ncrropcKllx
rOpO]];OB rroMem;aloT 06bl'IHO rpeKo-cKH<f>-
70
KaK Ha TeppHTopHH XOPbI, TaK H B COCTaBe
ropo)J.cKHX HeKpOrrOJIeH Bocrropa, CBH-
3bIBalOT C CUHAaMH 22.
npe}];CTaBJIHeTCH, 'ITO B paHHecKH<f>cKoe
BpeMH KOHTaKTbI MeJ«}];Y BapnapCKUM OK-
PymeHlleM rpeqeCKHX rOpO}];OB H 3JIJIUHa-
MH rrepeJ«HBaIOT, KaK OTMe'IaJIOCb, rrepHO}];
CTaHOBJIeHHH, rr03TOMY }];OCTaTO'IHbIX OC-
HOBaHllH }];JIH orrpe)];eJleHUH lICCJIe)];yeMoH
rpyrrrrbI rrorpe6eHHll KaK rpelw-cKll<f>CI>HX
HeT. TaK me MaJIoy6eJl,llTCJJbUO BIiIrJIHJI,HT
rHrrOTe3a 0 CHH}];CKOH rrpUna}];JIeiIUIOCTll
3THX rraMHTHHKOB. AnTopbI }];aHIroii l"H-
rrOTe3LI orrllpalOTCH rJIaBHblM 06pa:lOM Ha
MaTepl!aJIbi MOrllJIbHllKa y C. 30JIOTOe,
YCMaTpHBaH B rrorpeuenHbIX «OCTaTI\U
KHMMepHHu,eB», pO}];CTBeHIILlX CUH)];aM, 1\0-
Topble B VII-VI BB. }];O H. 3. 6bWl!
(<OTTecueHbI cKll<f>aMH H rpeKaMll B rJIyxue
paHOHbI KPbIMCKoro rrOJIYOCTpOBa, r}];e
06HTaJIH B VI -IV BB. Jl,0 H. 3., IlOJl,Bep-
raHCh CKH<f>CKOMY BJIHHHHIO, a rr03}];Hee
3JIJIllHll3al\llH» 23.
B pa!'tmax Jl,aHHOro HCCJJe}];OBaHHH Y Hac
HeT B03MOJ«HOCTH 60JIee rrO}];p06HO pac-
CMaTpllBaTb Borrpoc 0 peaJILHOCTll reHeTll-
'1eCKOB: CBH3U MeJ«AY KllMMepllHQaMH H CHH-
T a 6 JI II: l( a 4. CocTau OCROBRbtX RaTeropHH norpe6aJlLHoro U1IoeHTapH B l:ep'lCHCRHX RaMenHblX
H Kax
BoopYllieHue I JIeuHall nocyna
rpe'lecRHi1 IIMUOpT
o
:=, tJ: " ,), "i
tt: .. tJ: ::: .;
.. := - tJ:
rrYHHT It: '" :a c;"',.
"'" It: c;=c;
"'0( 0 0 " :0 " .
a o :;, .. c; i c. t8 :J ..."
'" » 0 '" » "
::e; :>! ::t: ) C') III t:!i
::: :J'=
PbIGHoe, 1957/1 - - X - X X - V
MbIcoBoe, 1957/2 - - X - X - - V
PbIGuoe, 1958/1 X - - - X - - V-IV
I'bIGlloe, 1958/2 X - - - X - - V
PbI61l0e, 1 958/3 X - - - X - - V-IV
30JlOTOC, 1969(1 - - - - - - - V(?)
30JlOTOC, 1969(2 - - - - - - - V(?)
30JlOTOe, 1973/5 X - - X X - - V!-V
30JlOTOe, 1973/6 X - - - X - X VI-V
30JlOTOe, 1973/7 X X - - X X(?) X VI-V
30JloTOe, 1973/8 X X - - X - - VI-V
AplliHl[l];eoo - X - X - - - VI-V
JImlHllo X - - - - - - V
HJIbHqCOO X - - - X X - V
Bcero 9 3 2 2 10 3 2
I
AaMH. OAHaKo CJleAyeT oTMeTIITb, 'ITO KO
BpeMeHH rrpOflBJleHlIfl rpeKoB Ha 6eperax
Bocrropa KUMMepuMcKoro B CeBepHOM
IIpu'IepHOMophe 3anepmn.'IcH: rrpoqecc
CTaHOBJleHIIH CIU1 CKOM KYJIhTypbl. B ;noM
CBfl3R rrpeACT3nJlfleTCfl BeChMa y6eAIITeJJh-
HOM TO'IKa 3peHuH Tex HCCJleAOBaTeJleM,
IWTopbIe BCJleA 3a B. II. fpeKoBbIM C'IIIT3-
IOT, 'ITO OKOHtJaTeJJhllOe O OpMJleHUC CKII -
CROM aTIIO-RY:IbTYPHOM 06m,HOCTII 3aBep-
mUJlOCb C n3'IaJIOM CKII CKoro rrepIIOAa
BO BTOpOM rrOJlOBIIHe VII B. AO H. a. 24
110aTOMY ITO rronOAY TaK Ha3bIBaeMbIX OC-
TaTKOB KlIll-£MepuuqeB MbI 3aHUMaeM CO-
BepmeUHO OIIpeAeJleHHYIO rr03Ul..\HIO, COB-
rraAaIOm,yro C MHeHHeM pflAa cnel\uaJlUc-
CTOB: OCT3TKU RIIlIIMepHMCKoro HaCeJleIIHfl
6bIJlII nOJlHOCTbIO qCCIIlIIIIJIIIpOBaIlbl npu-
meAIIlIIMII B CenepHoe n pH'IepHOMOpbe
CKU 3MU 25. A. M. TepeHoa,KIIH HeCOM-
HeHHO np3B, OTMe'IaH, 'ITO <<8 anoxy rpe-
'leCKOB HOJIOHU3al..\IIU B VI B. AO H. a.
KUMMepUBl..\en KaK oc060ro HapO,J,a B
CenepHoM IIpu'lepHoMophe yme He cy-
IqeCTBOBaJlO. O'IeBIIAHO, K 3TOMY BpeMeHU
ux OCTaTKII IIOCTeneHHO paCTBOpIIJlIICh B
CKH CKOB aTHH'IeCKOH cpeAe)} 2 .
BbImCII3J10meHllOe AaeT B03MOiI\IlOCTb
IIpeAIIOJIOmIITb, 'ITO Kep'IeHCKIIe norpe-
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2
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Clwro IIIOrIlJIbHIII\8:
1 - «ypraH No 5, norpeoeIIHe No 1; 2 -
RypraH ,N, 23, norpeoeHue No 13.
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J{OH 3pemiH 1I3BeCTHoro TOIIOHllMHCTa"
73
TaR RaR B BOllpoce 06 aTHo-RYJIbTYPHOii
npIfHa}J;JIeIKHOCTII RepqeHCRIIX nal\HlTHHROB
VII-V BB. }J;O H. a. c.'Ie}J;yeT 1136eran
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'lHTeJIbHhIX ROHTIIHreHTOB HecRll<pcRoro
aTHoca (taB phI, CIIH}J;hI, caBpOMaThI H }J;p.)
Ha TeppliTopllIO nOJIYOCTpOBa BnOJIHe }J;O-
nYCTIIMa. O}J;HaRO aTH }J;onOJIHIITeJIbHhIe
aTHllqeCRlle BRpaIIJIeHIIH 6hIJIll paCTBope-
HbI B o6I.IJ,eii Macce CRll<pcRoro HaCeJIeHIIH
If He MOrJIll ORa3aTb pemaIOm;ero BJIHHHIIH
Ha MaTepllaJIbHYIO RYJIbTYPY, 6hIT H no-
rpe6aJIbHhIe Tpa}J;lll\llli CRH<pOB.
J Bepen6eu,w, p. H. Rep'leHCKHll: npOJIIfB BO
BpeMeHa CTpa60Ha B CBeTe HOBeiimHx lIaHHblX
06 If3MeHeHHH ypOBHH qepHoro MOpH.- CA,
1959, 4.
2 Baxmuna M. 10., Bunozpaooe 10. A., Fop on-
'1apoec/tuu B. A., Pozoe E. H. HeRoTopbIe
BorrpocbI rpe'lecRoii ROJIOHH3aIJ,HIf HpbIMa.-
B RH.: TIp06JIeMbI rpe'leCKOll: ROJIOHH3aIJ,HH
CeBepHoro If BOCTO'lHOrO TIpH'IepHOMOphH
T6IiJIHCH, 1979.
3 HKoeen/to 9. B. R HCTOpJolH B03HJoIKHOBeHHH
rHlIPOHJoIMa «Eocrrop RJoiMMepnHCKJoIii».-
Te3. 1I0RJI. XVIII Romp. HH-Ta apXeOJIOrJolIf
AH YCCP. )J,HerrporreTpoBcK, 1980.
, HKoeenKO 9. B. 063THO-RYJIhTypHOll: UPJolH8l\-
JIemHOCTJoI HaCeJIeHJoIH XOpbI Eocrropa eBpo-
nell:CRoro.- Te3. 1I0RJI. II co06IIJ,. II BcecoI03.
CJoIMrr03. rro lIpeBHeii IfCTOpIfIf TIpU'IepHO-
MOphH. T6IfJI IiCIf , 1979.
llec/toe A. M., H/toeeilKO 9. B., u op. OT'IeT
o pa60Tax I\ep'leHcRoii :mcrrelllIl\IIII B 1965-
1967 rr.- HaY'lHhIii apXUB I1A AH YCCP;
JIecKoe A. M. 06 OCTaTRax TanpcRoii Ky.'Ih-
Typbl Ha l\ep'leHCROM rrOJIyocTpOIlC.- CA,
1961, 1; KpY2./tuKoea Jf. T. I,aMeHHbIe HII\II-
Rli Y lIepeBIlIf Pbl6Hoe.- B RH.: KaBKa3,
Ii BOCTO'lHaH EBpoIIa B JIpeBHocTIf. M.,
1973; Beaconoea C. C. TaBpchRe rrOXOB3HHH
C HeKpOrrOJIH TipiTaRH.- A)J,Y, 1972, oM 4;
Kopnycoea B. 11-1., Op./toe P. C. MOrJol.%HJoIK
VI-IV CT. 110 H. e. Ha Hep'leHchRoMY rriB-
OCTpOBi.- ApxeOJIorifl, 1978, M 28; Mac-
./telinUKoe A. A. PacRonRII EocrropcRoro He-
RpOIIOJIH OKOJIO c. 30JIOTOe Ha I-iep'leHCROM
rrOJIyocTpoBe.- AO 1975. M., 1976; Mac.!ten-
ItUKOe A. A. 8THII'IeCRaa rrpuHallJIemHOCTb
rrorpe6eHuii B KaMeHHblX HII\URaX BOCTO'l-
Horo HpbIMa.- HCHA, 1976, BbIrr. 145.
6 Kopnycoea B. N., Op./toe P. C., repw./to-
{lU'I H. II. Pa60TbI y c. 30JIOToe.- AO 1973.
M., 1974.
7 M aCllennUKoe A. A. 0 aaCeJIemm npJol6peiK-
74
HbIX paiiOHOB BOCTO'lHOrO RpbIMa B VI- I BB.
110 H. 3.- CA, 1980, M 1, c. 6-8.
8 TaM iKe, c. 6.
8 Kopnycoea B. n., Op./toe P. C. MorHJJbHJoIK
VI-IV CT. 110 H. eoo., c. 68-72.
10 Hlfen/to Jf. B. CKlHfmH VII-V BB. 110 Harneit
3PbI. M., 1959; I./t./tincb/ta B. A., Tepeno:JIC-
/tin O. I. CRiq,ChRJoIH rrepioll.- B RH.: Apxe-
OJIOriH YRpalHchRol PCP. 1971, T. 2, c. 48;
O./tbxoec/tuii B. C. TIorpe6aJIhHbIe 06PHlIbI
HaCeJIeHJoIH CTerrHOH CRJoIq,IIJoI (VII- I II BB.
110 H. 3.): ABTopeq,. KaHlI. lIJoiC. M., 1978.
11 K oneUKuna ll. B. PacmlCHaH pOllOCCKO-JoIO-
HIIHCRaH olIHoxoH U3 RypraHa TeMllp-fo-
pa.- B)J,H, 1972, M L
12 HKOee1tKO a. B. RypraH Ha TeMllp-fope.-
CA, 1972, .N' 3; Kopnyc08a B. H. PaCrrJolCHaH
POllOCCKO-IIOHIfll:CI\aH OiiHOXOH JoI3 RypraHa
yc. <DJoIJIaTOBRa B HpbIMY.- B)J,H, 1980, oM 3.
13 BunozpaiJoe B. B. QeHTpaJIhHbII'i: Ii CeBepo-
BOCTO'IHbII'i: HaBRa3 B CRIiq,CRoe BpeMH.
fP03HbIii, 1972, 78-79; Mypaun B. 10. CTeu-
HaH CKIiq,JoIH VII-V BB. 110 B. 3. AuTOpeq,.
KaHlI. lIUC. HJoIeB, 1979.
14 O./tbxoec/tuu B. C. TIorpe6aJIhHbIe 06PHlIbI...
15 llec/toe A. M. HJoIpOBCROe rrOCeJIeHJoIe.-
B RH.: )J,peBHocTIf BOCTO'lHorO RpbIMa.
HJoIeB, 1970, c. 15.
16 llec/toe A. M., H/toeenKO 9. B. U iJp. OT'IeT
Kep'leHCROII 31{CnclIuI.\IiII.oo
17 H/toeen/to a. B., gepllen/to E. B., Kopnyco-
ea B. H. OrrIfCaHJoiC CRIiq,CKIfX rrorpeGeHJoIii
B RypraHax BOCTO'lHOrO HpbIMa.- B RH.:
)J,peBHocTIf BOCTO'lHOrO HpbIMa. HlieB, 1970,
c. 155; llecKoe A. M. EoraToe CRJoIq,cKoe rrorpc-
6eHue U3 BOCTO'lHOrO HpbIMa.- CA, 1968,
ML
18 TIo lICTaJIHM 06pHlIa 3TOT ROMrrJIeRC rrepClIaTU-
pOBaH KaR paHHeCRIIq,CRuii.
19 HKOf1eIlKO E. B. CRiq,u CXiTlHOrO T\pHMY
B V-III CT. 110 H. e. H174, c. 135-139.
20 KpY2l1u/wsa H. T. HCc.'1ClIOnaHlIe CeJIhCROii
TepjHtTOpll1I cBpoTIeiicI\oro IJocllopa.- CA,
1957, N 1, c. 208.
21 llecKoe A. M. 00 OCTaTK3X T3BpCROJ'i: I{yJIhTY-
pbI Ha J'CpqpHn;OM rrO.1YOCTpOBe.- CA, 1961,
N 1, c. 264 Ii CJI.
22 [{Pyz./tUKO{la II. T. Ka1\leHHble flTI\flRU y "cp.
PbIGnoc; Af ac.!teliliUKoe A. A. ;)T1IJo1'1eC1Ulii
COCTaB lIaCeJIelIJoIH [,OCIiOPCHflX ropoAoB
B VI-V BB. 110 H. 3.- CA, 1968, oM 1, c. 33
U CJI.
23 M ac.!tennUKoe A. A. 8THIf'leCRafi rrpJolHallJICm-
HOCTh.., c. 22.
24 FpaKoe B. M. CRiq,u. H., 1948, c. 38; Tepe-
IlO:JICKUn A. lJ. TIaMHTHIIlm rrpclIclulq,cKoro
ncpJolOlla Iia TRpaJolHe.- JtCHHMI\, 1952,
BbITI. 47, c. g4; IIo/tpoecKaR. E. CP. II: Bonpocy
o CJIOmeHflII RYJlhTypbI p3HHero iKCJIe3HOrO
nCKa B JIeCOCTCnTIOM IIpaBOOepe1lffiOM TIOllHe-
rrpoBLe.- I\CHA AH 'CCP, 1953, DblU. 2.
i5 J[ecKoe A, M. 3amnOQliTeJJbltbIH 3Tarr OpOIt-
30Boro BCI a Ha lOre YKpalIHbI: ABTOpCtP.
1I0KT. lIlIC. M., 1975, c. 69.
:6 TepenO:i/CKUn A. if. I(HMMCpliiiU;bI. I(lICB, 1976,
c. 215.
\7 O./tbxoeCJ>Uu B. C. TIorpeOaJIhHbIe 05pHlIbI..,
c. 7.
18 HKoeenKo 9. B. 00 aTHo-I yJJhTypHoii: nplIHall-
JIemHOCTU...
OllbxoecKuu B. C. I1orpeOaJJhHbIe 06pHlIbI..,
c. 12.
10 TaM me.
1 }fKo8enKO E. B. JIirrHa KepaMiKa VI-V CT.
110 H. e. 3 HiM<pefl.- ApxeoJIoriH, 1978, oN! 27.
2 Buno paaoe B. B. QeHTpaJIbHbIii VI CCBepo-
BOCTOQHbIH I\aBI<83 B CKuqJcKoe BpCMII,
c. 274.
33 COCYlI U3 rrorpeoemIH oN! 13 onpelleJIOH 6JJa-
rOAapH J!100e3HOH KORCYJIbTal.\HH raBpH-
JIIOK H. A.
34 BultO paaoe B. D. YKaa. co'!., c. 79; Myp-
aun B. 10. CTenHaH CKlItPUH V U - V BG.
110 H. a., c. 18-19.
Kpynnoe E. lJ. )J,pCBHHH HCTOpHH I{ KYJJbTY-
pa I\aOapAbI.- M., 1957, c. 148-149;
Buno paaoe B. B. YKa3. co'!., c. 17 U CJI.
sa HKoeenKO E. B. CKitPu CxillHoro HpHMY..,
c. 95-96, 98.
37 Tp!l6a'lee O. fl. 0 CUH/TaX U ux 113bIKe.- Bo-
npocbI H3b1K03IIallJlH, 1976, Nz 4, c. 39.
fl. A. ra6pUJl,rol'O, B. M. Ompeumo
IEIIHAH KEP AMMKA
PXAMqECHO ro II OCEJIEHMH
)OJIbillAfl qEPHOMOPKA II
B 1973-1977 rr. OTpflll; OJIbDHHCIWn:
I\CIIell;lIQIIH I1A AH YCCP no,l1 PYI\OBOn-
TEOM B. M. OTpeillI\O (HaqaJIbHHI\ :mcue-
HI.(HH C. J1... .KpbUI\HI.(I\Hii) rrpOBOL\HJI
'aCI\OnI\H apxan:qeCI\oro nOCeJIeHHfl, pac-
OJIOmeHIIOro Ha JIeBOM 6epery Bepe3aH-
1\01'0 JIHMana 6JIH3 c. BOJIbmaH qepHo-
:opI\a OqaROBCI\OrO pan:ona I-hmOJIaeB-
ROll OUJIaCnr. Pa60Ta 6r,IJIa COCpCL\OTO'le-
a na ;n:IIYX Y'laCTI\aX - o.rum n.'IOH(a;n:bIO
10 M 2 , lI;pyroll - OIWJIO 900 M 2 . KpoMe
oro, BCJIaCb Wyp<pOBIW. ] [oCeJIPHIIC lI;a-
I:IpyeTcfl VI - IIepBoll 'leTllepThlO V B.
o H. 3. Cpell;H HaXOL\OI\ npeOOJJaL\aIOT 00-
OMIHl I1M<pOP - 8 ,2 % na paCRorre I
)607 <pparMeuToB H3 6(59) II 76,8 % na
aCI\one II (68042 H3 88557).
OOJIOMI\II JIemroll HcpaMHlm, I\aI\ H
a3JIH'lUbIX BHL\OB I{PymaJIbHOR nOCYL\bI,
OBOJIbHO paBHOMepuo pacupOCTpaHeHbI
o BceR TepplITOplIH nOCeJIeHlIfl. :Hnorll;a
3TpeqalOTCfl pa3BaJIbI COCYJJ;OB, '11'0 TIPH
5 eM He60JIbillOM I\OJIHtfeCTBe HaXOL\OR
PHBOL\HT H 3HaqHTeJIbIIbiM OTI\JIOnenIIHl\1
a:eJIbHOrO Beca RepaMIU\H 01' cpeL\uero
lanpHMep, ue06hPHro 1lI,IcOImii: npOI.(eUT
IIHOii KepaMlIHH B 1973 r. Ha paCKone
II CBH3an C naXOnI\on: lI;BYX <pparMeHTlI-
pOBaHHblX ropnmoB). OTMeTHM HaJIlIqHe
He60JIbmOll rrpHMeCH I\epaMHI\H 3nOX.II
6pOH3bI, XOTH CTpOHTeJIbHbrX OCTaTI\OB
H I\YJIbTypHoro CJIOH noro BpeMeHlI 06Ha-
PYtKlITb He Y;:J.aJIOCb.
J1..JIH I\JIaCCH<pHI\al HH JIeUHOR I\epaMHI\II
HCnOJIb30BaUa I\OJI.'IeKU,HH H3 246 <ppar-
MeHTOB BCHqHI\OB, 248 CTeHOI\, 60 JJ;HHI
H 20 I.(eJIbIX COCYlI;OB (Bcero 571 ell;.). 110
<PYHI\QHoHaJIbHoMY Ha3HB'leHHIO I\epaMII-
I\a nOCeJICHHH pa3AeJlcua Ha TPH rpynrrbl:
I\YXOHUYIO, CTOJIOBYIO H rapy. B paMI\aX
rpyrrn BI,rneJIeHbl BHL\bl (ropIlIRlI, KOp'larn:,
MHCKH H T. n.). BUL\bI L\eJIHTCH ua 'l'HrrbI.
OCHOBHOll Tuno06pa3YlOIll,HR npU3Ual{ -
<popMa ropJIa COCYlI;a. WopMa Iwprryca
C03l1;aeT L\onOJIHHTeJIb Hble BapHaHThr.
rOpUU;H noceJlenHH BOJIbillaH 1.lcpIImlOp-
Ka II, coeTaB:r HIOrr rre OCIlOBHYIO Maccy
HyxoHnoll I\epaMlII\H, pa3l1;eJIeUbl na CJIe-
lI;YIOIll,IIe THnbI.
T H rr I. rOpIllI\H C HOpOTI\Oll p;yroBHlI;-
HOn: B pa3pe3e mellRoll H OTorHYThrl\1 Ben-
qRJ\OM. Kpall BeH'IJUW OI,pyrJIeu HJIII
n.l0CRO cpe3aH. IIIellRa TIJIBBIIO ncpeXOJJ;HT
B paBHOMepHO BbIIIYHJlhIll Iwpnyc. J1..uo
llJl0CI\Oe. BblcoTa COCYP;OB 01' 10 L\O 36 CM,
L\Ifa teTp Ben1JHKOB 01' 14 L\O 20 CM, L\HHIll, -
01' 8 L\O '16 01.
BhIL\eJIHIOTCH L\Ba BapHanTa. .K rrepBOMY
OTHOCHTCH rOpmI\II C naH60JIbIllHM paCillU-
peHHeM Ropnyca B cpeJJ;Hen: ero qaCTI!
75
T a 0 JI If II a 1. COOTllomeHue KaTeropuii ItepaMHIm DO MaTepUaJIaM DOCeJIeHHR EOJILmaJl
tIepHOMoplm II
JIennaR CepornHHII- I BOCTO'lIlo- A TTY'IeCRali J{yxoHHaa IIPO'JaR
11M rpe'leCHaR
PaCHon. TO)), Beero
I illT. I I illT. I nIT. I I illT. I illT.
mT. % % % % nIT. % %
I 1973 281 26,7 309 29,3 136 13 I 84 8 29 2,7 213 20,3 1052
1973 211 44,5 123 25,9 24 51 26 5,5 26 5,6 64 13,5 474
1974 1112 21,5 1948 37,7 432 8,4 469 9,1 479 9,3 722 14 5162
II H;75 442 25,3 539 30,9 343 19,6 150 8,6 93 5,3 180 10,3 1747
1976 151)3 22,1 2418 34.2 1030 14,6 850 12 790 11,2 425 6 7076
1977 1443 23,8 2267 37,4 702 11,6 483 8 411 6,8 750 12,4 6056
Bcero 4771 23,3 7295 35,6 2531 12,3 1978 9,6 1799 8,8 2141 10,4 20 115
5052 7604 2667 2062 1828 2354 21 567
(pMC. 1, 1). Ko BTOPOMY - C HaMOOJIbmHM
pacmMpeHueM Iwpnyca B BepXHeH TpeTH
ero BIilCOThl (pMC. 1, 8). OIWJIO nOJIOBMHIiI
ropmKoB C AyroBM)],HoM B pa3pe3e meHKoH
opnaMollTIIpOBaHbI. LJ:auw Bcero 31'0 naJIb-
IWBLle 3a HnIil no BnellIueMY KpaIO BeH'IH-
Ka (pMC. 1, 2-4). MHor.u:a BCTpe'laIOTCH
T a 0 JI If 1\ a 2. CooTHomeHue COCYlIOB
pa3JIU'IlibIX TIfnOIl B JIenHOH ItepaMlIIte
1l0CeJIeHlUl EOHLmall l.IepliOMopIta II
<l>opMa
!A6c. (nIT.) I
fopmKIf
C lIyroDIfRHoH B
paa pe3e well KOIf
C rOpJIOM B BIf-
lie pacTpyoa
C IIPHMbIM rop-
JIOM
C KpbIIIIKaMIl
C 3arllYTbIM Itpa-
eM, JlOmeIlWe
C nJIOCKIfM Kpa-
eM, JIOmelibIe
RypmJIarIf
OaHO'IlibIe
'1epnaKIf
KOp'larlf
KHMMepIfiicKJIe
KIf3IIJI -KOOIDl-
CKIfe
Bcero
4
104
1
52
3
12
8
17
571
167
35
167
1
MIfCKIf
$paKIfii-
CKue
JIOIl\eHbIe
OTIIome-
Hue (%)
29,25
6,13
29,25
0,18
0,7
18,2
0,18
9,1
0,53
2,1
1,4
2,98
100
76
HorTeBIile B)],aBJIeHHR, paCnOJIOmeIIHIile JIH-
60 B OCHOBaHHH meHI\H (pMC. 1, 7), JIM60
no BHemHeMY KpaIO BeH'lUKa (pHC. 1, 9).
06JI0ll1KH COCY)],OB )],aHHoro Tuna COCTaB-
JIHIOT 29,25 % JIenHOH KepaMUI\M noceJIe-
HHH (Ta6JI. 2). B paHone ,L(nenpo-ByrcKo-
1'0 JIHMaHa ropmKH ;noro TMna HaH)],eHIiI
TaKII\e B paHHUX CJIOHX OJIbHHH U Bepe3a-
HU 1 II Ha nepH epUHHIilX nOCeJIeHHRX -
BeHKym *, BUKTOpOBJ\a I 2, llInpoKaa
Ba.1J:Ka 3, HrOpJIIilK 4 H .IJ.p. rOpmKH nep-
Boro Tuna HMeIOTCH B MaTepHaJIaX HHM-
eH 5 M EJIH3aBeTOBCKoro ropO)],Hm;a 6.
OHH HaH)],eHIiI TaKme B paHHeCKH CKUX
norpe6eHHflX yr. ,L(HenpopY)],HbIH 7, Y
r. KOHCTaHTMHOBCKa-Ha- ,L(OHY 8, B norpo-
60HlIH H3 CJIOH KHpOBCKoro nOCeJIeHHH 9.
3a npe)],eJIall1U CTenHorr TeppHTopIIH
ropIIIKH c pe3KO OTorHYTbIM BeH'lHKOM II
KOpOTKOH )],yrOBlI)J,HOM B pa3p03e meHKOI1
BCTpe'laIOTCH B IIWTepHaJIaX npaB06epon;-
HOM 10 H JIeB06opOII\HOH JIecocTenH. B rra-
MHTHMKax JIoB06epolI\Horo npH)],Henpo-
BbH OHH cym;eCTBYIOT C VI no III B. )],0
H. 3. 11 TaKHM 06pa30M, 3TH COCY)],IiI MOII\HO
C'lHTaTb YHHBepCaJIbllIilM TMnOM KepaMH-
KH, pacnpOCTpaHOHHLlM B VI -V BB. )],0
H. 3. KaK B CTenH, TaK H B JIOCOCTonH.
* $OHlIbI HA AH YCCP, IfliB. .M 67/117,
68/35, 68/168, 69/152. MbI oJIarOllapllbI A. C. Py-
caeBY 3a pa3pememIe 03HaKOMIfTbClI C Mare-
pIfaJIOM.
j
4
C((((( (((
, '1
, I
, ,
\ I
\ ,
\ ,
\ ,
---------------0
QI.-..
13
Puc, 1. fopIIlKJiI nepBoro (1-12) .I{ TpeThero (13=17) T.lWDBo
t
12
Q«n
15
: .
B CI\H<pCI<IIX naMflTlmI\aX IV -III BB. o
II. ::J. 3TOT THII OCTaeTCfI rOCnO.D.CTByrom;HM.
3BOJlroI HR .D.aHHblX rOpmI\OB, na Ham
B3rJlR.D., BblrJlR.D.HT CJle.D.YIOm;HM oopa30M.
BrrepBble nO.D.Oorrble COCY.D.hI nOflBJlRlOTCfI
B C1'enH B ca6aTHHOBCI\HH rrepHO.D. n03.D.HeH
6pOH3U 12. Ha rrOCeJleUHflX 6eJl03epCI\Oro
3Tarra OHU pacIlpocTpaneHLl )].OBOJlbHO
IDIlpOI\O 13. H enpephIBHaH JIHHIIH pa3BII-
TUH npo)].omnaeTCH B 1JepHOrOpOBCI\Oe II
HOB01JepI\aCCI\oe BpeMfI. B V 1- V BB.
)].0 H. 3. rrpOUCXO)].HT rreI\OTOphIe 1I3MeHe-
HIIH - 3Ha1JHTeJIbHO yneJI1I'-lHBaeTCR .D.na-
MeTp BeH1JUI{a 11: YCTLH mc:iiJ.,H, 01JepT3HHH
Iwpnyca CTaHOBflTCH C1'pOHHee. I10HB-
JIfleTCH BapHaIIT roplITI\a C He60JIhlITHM
pacmupeuueM I\oprryca B ero BepXHeH
TpeTH. B IV -III nB. )].0 H. 3. ropUII\U C
OTornYThIM BeH'fUI\OM U IWpOTI\OH ,!(yro-
BUi'.{HOH B pa3pe3e lITeHIWll IIoJly1JaIOT lITlI-
pOIwe pacrrpocTp aHeHue.
T H rr II. rOpUII\1I C rrpHMoH IIJlII n01J-
TH rrpm.lOR meHI\OR. BeH1JUR 6e3 oTruGa,
I\paH oro rrJIOCI\O cpe3aH UJIU 3aHpyrJIen.
)J.HO nJlOCI\oe. BhlcoTa COCYJJ;OB 01' 10 .D.O
15 CM, .D.uaMeTp BeH'fIII\a 01' 7 JJ;O 20 CM,
I\opnyca 01' 10 JJ;O 14 CM, JJ;Ha - 01' 5 )].0
8 CM. BblJJ;eJIRIOTCfI JJ;Ba BapuaHTa. K nep-
DOMy OTHOCflTCH ropU1I\U C MaI\CHMaJIh-
HhIM pacmnpeHueM I\opuyca B BepXHeH
ero TpeTH (puc. 2,1-3). TIpuJJ;OHrraH
1JaCTb 3aymoHa, JJ;HO nJlOCI\oe. BTOpOH
BapHalIT COCTaBJlflIOT COCY)].hI C 601JeHKO-
BHJJ;HhIM I\opnyco!\l. TIJIe1JHI\U IIX CJIerI\a
BbmYRJIhI, CTeHI\U nJIaBIIO cymaIOTcfI R
L(OBOJIbHO MaCCUBHOMY nJIOCI\OMY JJ;Hum;y.
. COCYJJ;hI 3Toro Tuna opHaMeHTHpOBaHhI
1Jam;e Bcero HaJleIIHhIMU BaJIIII\aMU, pacno-
JIOmeHHhIMH .Tm60 B OCHOBaHlIU meHRII
(puc. 2, 2, 10), JIUUO Ha CepeJJ;UHe ero
BhICOThI (pHC. 2, 4,5,12). BaJIuI\ cHa6meu
naJIhu,OBbIIIIU BJJ;aBJIeHUflMII (puc. 2, 3-5,.
9, 10) UJIU I\OChIMU HorTeBhIMU HaCe1JI\aMU
(pHC. 2, 2, 12). IIHorJJ;a ropmI\U YI\pameUhI
PHJJ;OM naJIhu,eBhIX BJJ;aBJIeHUH, pacnoJlo-
meHHhIX no I\paro BeH1JHHa (pIIC. 2, 11)
UJIH Y OCHOBaHUH meHI\U (pHC. 2, 6).
BCTpe1JaeTCH TaI\me opnaMeHTau,UfI B BUJJ;e
ROChIX HaCe1JeR.
78
R TlIny ropmROB c npflMoH IIJlII n01J1'1I
npHMoH meHI\OH npUHaJJ;JlemaT 29,25 %
cpparMeHToB U HeCI\OJlbRO :D,eJlblX COCY.D.OB
(Ta6J1. 2), HaH.D.eUHhIX ua BOJIbmOH qepHo-
1.l'OpRe II.
B HlImHeM TIooYiI\be 3TOT TlIn Repa-
MUI\II pacIIpocTpaneH ,!(OBOJIhHO mlIpOI\O.
H. HeMY OTHOCHTCR 40 % Ben1JUI\OB JIenHb1X
COCy.D.OB Bepe3aHH H 20% - OJlbBUH 14,
BCTpe1JeH on Ha TaI\HX nepu<pepHHHblX no-
CeJIOHIIHX, RaI\ BellHymcRoM *, Hrop-
JIhI:D,I\OM U llIHPOIWH BaJlI\e 15. It nepBOMY
BapuaHTY rOpmI\OB BToporo TIma 6JJII3I\U
1'aI\jI\e HaX0.D.I\U 1I3 panHUX CJlOeB TIan-
1'UI\anefl 16, MlIpMeI\UH 17, HUM<p eH 18
II EJIlI3aBeTOBCRoro ropOJJ;IIm;a 19.
TIo npoucxom.u.eHIIIO 3TO JIeCOCTenHafl
<popMa HepaMIIRU. PaHHue <pOpMhI ropm-
ROB C n01JTU npflMOH meHI\OH XapaI\Tep-
Hbi JJ;JIH JIecocTenHoro TIpaB06epemhH
(BapuaHT cocy.u.a C 601JCHI\OBUJJ;HhIM I\opny-
COM). OHU HaH)].eHbI B paUHUX CJlOflX TIac-
TblpCI\OrO 20, XOTOBCI\OrO 21 ropo)].um;,:
a TaI\me B I\ypranax npe.u.CI\H<pCRoro Bpe-
MeHH. C TeppIITOpUU I1paBooepemUOH JIe-
COCTenu 3TH COCYJJ;hI B I\OU:D,e VII - lIa1Ja-
JIe VI B. ,!(O n. 3. pacnpOCTpaHflIOTCH Ha
BopCI\JIY 22. B03MomHO, 3JJ;eCb CI{JIa JJ;hI-
BaeTCH BTOPOH BapuaHT - ropUII\U C npH-
!\IOH meHI\OIf 11 naU60JIbiliUM pacmlIpeHueM
I\opnyca B BepXHeH TpeTU ero BhICOTbi.
COCYJJ;hI no,!(06HOH <POpMhI HaHJJ;eHhI B RYP-
raHax oM 7 H 494 Y c. BeJIUI\He BYJJ;I\u,
oM 481 Y c. BaCOBI\a, RypraHax y ceJl
TIonOBI\a U Kopmu 23. B VI -V BB.
JJ;0 H. 3. ropmI\U noporo Tuna pacnpo-
CTpaHflIOTCfI B aHTU1JHhIX naMflTHUI\ax.
B MaTepUaJIax IV -III BB. .D.0 H. 3. OHII
YII<e OTC YTCTB ylOT.
Tun III. ropmI\1I C rOpJIOM B Bu.u.e
pacTpy6a. KpaH BeH1JUI\a nJIOCI\O cpe3aH,
pellie 3aI\pyrJIeH. llIeHI\a B pa3pe3e npa-
Mafl, OCHOBaHue ee 3aymeHO. IIHorJJ;a
OCHOBaHue meHRU nOJJ;1JepI\UBaeTCfI Tpe-
yroJlhHhIM B Ce1JeHUH BaJIURO!\l C na.TlhIJ,e-
BhIMD B)].aBJIeHUHMU (puc. 1, 13) nJIn
I\OChIMU HaCe1JI\aMU (pIIC. 1, 14).
* <DOHl\bI HA AH YCCP, EeuKYIll, HRB,
MM 67/83, 68/98, 69/7.
€ii
He. 2. rOpmKII BToporo TRIIa.
10
Qt
1
(
S
1
rOprrIIOI :noro TIUIa COCTaBJI flroT G, 13 %
JIeIIHOM H:epaMHIOl BOJlbIUOM lICpHOMOpIOI
II. B RIIlfmeM II06YiI\be OHII II3BeCTHbl B
OJIbBIIII 24 II na nOCC.TICHUII BUKTopoBH:a
I *. B JIeIlIIOM H:epaMIIIW HUM<pefl 3TII!\!
cocy,!(aM COOTBeTcTByeT nepnafl rpynna
ropnmon 25. B naMHTHIII\aX paHUeCI\II<p-
CIwro npeMeHII ,!(pyrIIx TeppuTopuil ropIU-
RII C rOpJIOM B BII,!(e pacTpy6a He HaM,!(eHbI.
OCHOBOM ,!(JIH <pOpMIIpOBaHlIfI rOprrIROB
C rOpJIOM B BII,!(e pacTpy6a, nOHBJIflIOru;IIX-
CfI B MaTCpIIaJIaX nOCeJIeImM He paHee
VI B. ,!(o H. 3., nOCJIYIKHJIII roprlII\II nep-
Boro TIIna. B IV -III BB. ,!(O n. 3. ropIURII
TpeTbcro TIIrra CTarrOnHTCfI rOCIIO,!(CTBYro-
ITWM cPOpMOM B JIeilHOM RepaMIIKe CTerIllOM
CI\II<p IIM .
IllyxolUIbIe COCY,!(bI TIInOB I-III II3ro-
TOBJIelIbI II3 rpyuoM rJIIIIIbI C npIIMeCHMII
rreCI\a II maMOTa. qepenoR B II3JIOMe Tpex-
CJIOMnLIM - CJIOM qepHOM fJIIIHbI BHYTPII
U CneTJIO-Cepafl IIJIII OpaHIf{enaH ROpOqRa
Ha BIIemHeH II BnYTpenHeM nOBepxHocTII.
BHemHflH nonepXIIOCTb IIIepOXOBaTaa, 3a-
rJIanWIIa ,!(onOJIbHO He6peJf\Ho. 0611\IIr He-
paBnoMepm,rM, Ha rrpII,!(oH110H qaCTII CJIe-
)l;M KorrOTII.
T II n IV. COCY,!(bI 6aHOqHOrO TIIna.
Y HIIX IIpflMOM C rrJIOCRO cpe3aHHbIM IIJIII
oKpyrJIw.I I{paeM BeHqIIK, Kopnyc paBHO-
Mepno nbIIlYKJIbIH, meMRa OTCYTCTByeT
(puc. 3, 7 - 9). II rro r.L\a BCTpeqaroTcfI
oanoqm,1C COCy)l;bl C e,!(na naMeqeHHOM men-
IWM (pRC. 3, 12). OHII y,!(JIIIHenHhIX rrpo-
IIOPl\MH, BblCOTa 3Ha qIITeJIbHO rrpeBbIIIIaeT
MaKCIIMaJIbnblM ,!(IIaMeTp Roprryca. )J.Ila-
MeTp BeHqIIKa (OT 10 ,!(O 20 CM) 60JIbme
,!(uaMeTpa ,!(Huru;a.
0pl1aMenTupYIOTCfI onII qaru;e Bcero
OOJIbIIIIIMII OBaJIbHbIMII HaJIerraMII C 3a-
ID;IInaMII Ha nMX (pIIC. 3, 10, 11) IIJIK C
BepTIIKaJI bHLIMII CKB03HbIMII OTBepCTlIflMII
(pIIC. 3, 7). IIHor,!(a HaJIerrbI BKJIIOqeHbI B
BaJIIIROBYro OpHa IeHTaQlIro C naJIbQeBbIMU
3am;IIrraMII. KpoMe .Toro, nplIMe-
nfleTCfI opHa IeHTan;IIfI naJIbn;eBbIMII
* <DOHlIbI OJIbBnHCKOrO 3arrOBep;HllKa, llHB,
MM 49/270, 49/269,
80
B,!(aBJIeHIIflMII, pacnOJIOmeIIHI>IMII B
BepxHeu qaCTII cocY.L\a (pIIC. ), 6, 7)
IIJIII C BepTIIRaJIbHbIMII CI\B03HLIMII OTBOpC-
TIIflMII (pIIC. 3, 7). Ha cocyp,ax UaIIO(IIfOrO
TIIna nOJIHOCTbIO OTCYTCTByeT nape3Holl
reOMeTpMqeCKIIJI opHaMeHT, peme BCTpeqa-
IOTCH KOCbIe nOrTeBLIe naCeql\H, CTOJIb
xapahTepULIe ,!(JIH COCyp,OB ,a;pyrMx
TlIrrOB.
COCY,!(bI 6aHOqIIJ>rO TIIrra II3rOTOBJIenbI
II3 xopomo oTMyqenHOM rJIIIHbI, ROTopaa
nOCJIe 06iKIIra npIIOOpeTaJIa TeMHo-cepLIM
IIJIII opaHmeBbIM QBeT. fIpMMecli MeJIIme -
neCOK, IIIa IOT. 'LJeperroI, B II3JIOMe 0,!(110-
CJIOMHbIM. BHemHflH rrOBepXHOCTb Tru;a-
TeJIbHO 06pa60TaHa - 3arJIamena IIJIII
nO,!(JIoru;eHa.
COCY,!(bI 3Toro TIIrra COCTaBJIflIOT 9,1%
JIenHOM I\epa llIrOl rrOCeJICHlIfI BOJIbmaH
qepHoMopKa II (noJI. 2). Ona llcTpe-
qaroTcfI cpe,[(1I MaTepIIaJIOB OJIbBIIII II Be-
pe3anM, r,!(e COCTaBJIflroT COOTBeTCTBeHHO
15 II 35 % 26, Beih{yma * II IIIIIpOKOH
BaJIRII 27.
I\poMe naMflTmmOB HIIiImero IIo-
6ymbfl, OHII HaH,!(enbI Ha nOCeJIenIIHX
,n:HecTpoBcIwro JIIIMana rpa,!(eHIIQa
III 28 II Y c. Ha,!(JIIIMarrCIwe 29. COCY,!(bI
6aHOqHOM <pOpMbI HaH,!(eHlJ raRme n IIorpe-
6eHIIflX nepBOM nOJIOBIIHbI V B. ,[(0 H. 3.
MOrlIJIbHIIKa y C. qepHaBo,!(a B PYMbIHIIII,
ROTOphIM, KaK II pacrro.'10iIWHrrOe pfl,!(O 1
nOCeJIeHIIe, aBTOp paCRorrOK CBfl3bIBaeT
C 3RcnJIyaTan;IIeM rpeqeCKIIMII rrepeceJIcn-
n;a!.1II 3eMJIII, npIIHaD;JIemaBmeiI reTCKOMY
HaCeJIeHIIIO, M npOQeCCOM 3JIJIIIHII3aQIIII
nOHTIIHCRoro n06epembH. q TO KaCaeTCH
3BOJIroQIIII Repa1.IIIRII 3Toro TIIIIa (,n:. Bep-
qy na3bIBaeT IIX ypnaMII-KOJIOKOJIaMII), TO
ROpHH 1II CBOIIMII ona YXO,!(IIT B KYJIbTYPY
Hoa. 3aTeM, B HeCROJIbRO npe06pa30BaH-
nO 1 BII,!(e II C ,!(pyrIIM Ha3naqeUIIeM (He
KaK rrorpe6aJIbHafl YPHa, a RaR OObPIHbIH
KYXOHHhIM cocy,!() npo,!(OJImaeT 6bITonaTb
Ha rrpOTmHeHIIII Bcero CY.ll\eCTBOBaHIIH re-
To-,!(aKIIMCKOM RYJIbTypbI 38. B MaTepIIaJIaX
* <1>OHlIbI IIA AH YCCP, EeHKym, HHB,
MoM 68/34, 69/111; 69/108; 68/88, 69/12,
fi @ (fl
o
a
11
la
----
!
3
5
(9
@
6
12
8 g
lIC, 3, Rop'larn (1-6) .II COCyp,bI OaHOQHOrO nma (7-13).
13'
1-1058
rrpHonbBHHCRHX nOCeneHHH npO eHT
COCy.n;OB <lTOrO THrra HUiI\e, qeM B MaTepHa-
nax rrOCeneHIIH ,I(HecTpoBCROrO nIIMaHa.
BOCTOqHee Byro-,I(nerrpoBCI\Oro nmlaHa
6aHOqHl,Je <pOpMbI <ppaRHHCRoro 06nHRa
rrO'lTII lie BCTpeqaIOTCH.
CTonOBaH RepaMHI{a rroceneHHH Bonb-
lIIaH qeplioMopRa II rrpe.n;CTaBnena MIIC-
RaMII, qeprraRaMH II <pparMeHTaA-m cocy-
.n;OB C noru;eHOH qepHOH rrOBepXHOCTblO.
OCIIOBHYIO Maccy COCT8B.lIHIOT MHCInI C
nOIIl,CHOH IInH rro.n;noru;eHOH nOBepXHOC-
TbIO.
T H rr V. MHcRH C 3arHYThIM BHYTPb
BeHqHKOM. CJIe.n;yeT BhI.n;enHTb TPH Ba-
pliaIITa U3JJ.en1lH <lTOrO THrra.
K rrepBOMY BapliaHTY OTHOCHTCH MHCKU
C 3aKpyrneHHbIM IlJIII rrnOCKO cpe3aHHbIM
HpaeM BeHqIIKa. BhlllYKnbIe CTeHKH pe:3KO
cymalOTcH K rrJIOCKOMY, qeTIW BhI.n;eneu-
HOMY .n;HIIIIl,Y. I1nor.n;a .n;HIIru;e HMeeT rro,!(-
JJ.on IInli BMHTIIHY B QeHTpe. K <lTOMY me
BapliaHTY OTHOCIITCH MHCRa H3 paCKorrOK
19741'., H3rOTOBneHHaH 1I3 rpy60H rnHHbI,
IIarroMIIHaIOru;eH rnHHY ropUIKOB I-III
THrrOB. BbICOTa MHCOK <lTOrO BaplIaHTa OT
8 .n;o 10 CM, .n;HaMeTp BeHqlIKa OT 20
.n;o 28 CM, .n;HHru;a - OT 7 .n;o 12 CM
(pHC. 4,1-7).
BTOPOH BapiiaHT COCTaBnHIOT MHCKH C
HOCO cpe3aHHhIM BHYTPb KpaeM. CTeHKn
IIX Mcnee BbIrrYKnbI, OHn Gonee rny60Kue.
,I(HaMeTp BeHqIII{OB OT 15 .n;o 20 CM, BhICO-
Ta - OT 8 .n;o 15 CM (pHC. 4, 9-
13).
K TpeTbeMY BapHaHTY OTHOCHTCH MHC-
KH, Y KOTOphIX rrepexo.n; 3arHYToro BHYTPb
BeHqHKa B CTeHKH rro,!(qepKHYT MHrKHM
ropH30HTanbHhIM pe6poM. COCy.n;hI 8TH
Herny60Kne, CTeHKH YTonru;aIOTCH K ,!(Hll-
III,Y, .n;lIaMeTp BeHqHKa OT 10 .n;o 30 CM
(puc. 4, 16-21).
B COCTaBe nerrHoH KepaMHRH rroceneHHH
BonbIlIaH qepHoMopKa II noru;eHhIe MHCKU
COCTaBnHIOT 18,9 % nerrHOH RepaMHKII
(Ta6n. 2).
COCy.n;hI V THrra cooTBeTcTBYIOT II THrry
KepaMUKH OnbBHH H Bepe3aHH 31, a TaK-
me BCTpeqaIO.TCH B MaTepHanax BeHKY-
82
ma * n BHHTOpOBKH 1 32 . BOCTO'lHee Byr-
CKoro nHMaHa rro.n;06IIbIe MIICKII He IIaH.n;c-
HbI, HO OHH HMeIOTCH rra rrOCcncHlIHX ,I(ne-
CTpOBCKoro nUMaHa - fpa.n;eHHQbI 111 33
H Ha.n;nHMalICIwe 34.
T H rr VI. )..I,ne MIICKII H3 MaTeplianOB
rrOCeneHHH Bo.'TbIlIaH 'llepHoMopKa II HMe-
lOT <POPMY nepCBepHYToro yce'leHHOrO
Ronyca. KpaH BeHqIIKa oKpyrnbIH IInH
qYTb OTorHYTbIH', JJ.HlIlI e rrnOCKoe C He-
60nbIlIOH BMHTHHOH B eHTpe. BbICOTa
COCy.n;OB 4 H 4,5 CM, .n;HaMeTp BeHqHKa 9 H
10 CM, .n;HIIru; - 4 CM (pHC. 4, 22). MHcKa
rro.n;06HoH <pOpMbI HaH.n;eHa na BeHKY-
me **. BnHmaiilUHe aHanorlI cocy.n;aM JJ.aH-
Horo THrra - B reTCKOH rpyrrne HepaMIIRH
rroceneHIIH y c. XaIIcR B MOJI.n;aBIIH 3D.
T H rr VII. ,I(Ba <pparMeHTa BeH'lIIIWB
rrpllHa.n;JIemaT MHCKaM C CHnbHO OTorHY-
ThIM BeHqnROM H H30rHYTOH IlIeHKOH. IIIH-
pOKIIH BeHqlIK cpe3aH H3HYTPH TaR, qTO
Ha BUYTperrHeii rrOBepXHOCTII cocy.n;a 06pa-
3yeTcH OCTpoe peGpo (pHC. 4, 14, 15).
BHeIlIHHH rroBepxHocTb noru;eHaH, '1epHO-
ro BeTa. TaRHe COCy.n;hI B He60nbIlIoM KO-
nHqeCTBe HaH.n;eHbI Ha rroceneHHH fpa.n;e-
HH hI II I 36. Cpe.n;H rraMHTHHKOB PYMhIHHH
OHH pacrrpOCTpaHeHbI B 60nee paHHee
BpeMH. HaH60nee IlIllpOKO MUCKII <lTOrO
THrra rrpe.rtCTaBneHbI "b MaTeplianax MO-
rHnbHnKa <VepH.n;mene - «q8IlIH C IlIHpO-
KO OTorHYTbIMH KpaHMU» 37.
T H n VIII. qeprraRH C KoprrYCOM B
Bn.n;e nepeBepHYToro yceqeHHOrO ROHyca
(pHC. 4, 23, 24, 26, 27). KpaH BeHqHKa
3aKpyrneH, CTeHRII HHor.n;a cnerRa BbI-
nYKnhI (pHC. 4, 24). ,I(HO rrnOCRoe, He60nb-
IlIoro ,!(HaMeTpa. Y rrepBoro BapHaHTa co-
Cy.n;OB <lTOrO THrra OBanbHaH B CeqeHHH
neTneBH.n;HaH pyqKa B03BbIIlIaeTCH Ha.n;
KpaeM cocy.n;a (pIlC. 4, 23, 24). Y qeprraq-
ROB BToporo BapHaHTa ponb pyqRH urpaeT
BepTHKanbHbIH HanerrHOH BanIIK, Mo.n;enH-
pOBaHHhIH rranb eBbIMH 3aru;urrar.m (puc. 4,
26" 27). BhICOTa COCy.n;OB OT 5 .n;o 7 CM,
· <DoHlIbI IIA AH YCCP, EeiiKym RHB,
69/15, 69/160,
** TaM me.
Jl
J: 4
7
7
---'
5
6
w
,,-....
./ \
" ..._ 1
,,/ }"
I
I
'"
, ,
, ,
;/ "
,
"
,)J1t
!l 12 14
ll/})
ltJ 20
\J
23
--
PIIC. 4, CTlJJ.IOBaJl1\epaMBKa, HMelOID;aJI aHaJIOfWi BO <!JpaKHHcIillx naMJITWlKaX.
6*
.
)],HaMeTp BeH'lIII\OB OT 8 }'"(O 9 CM, }'"(HIIID; -
0'1' 4 )],0 6 CM. OmI COCTaBJIRlOT 0,53 % JIen-
HOll: RepaMHRH rrOCeJIeHHH (Ta6JI. 2).
I\:poMe nOCeJIeHHH BOJIbIlIaH qeplIo-
J\lOpRa II 'lepnaIm Hall:}'"(eIIbI IIa Bell:RY-
me * H Ha Bepe3allH 38. qepuaRH B BH}'"(e
ncpeBepUYToro yce'leHHOrO ROHyca xa-
paRTepHbI }'"(JIH rraMHTHHROB KaprraTO-
)];yuaiicRoro 6aCCell:Ha. OHH 6JIHrKe Bcero
I( MaJIeUbRHM 'loprra<maM C pY'lRaMH H3
AlaTepHaJIOB ron\HOH 'laCTH MOrHJIbHHRa
(l)opl1:J!,meJIe, )],aTHpyeMoM 550-450 1'1'.
AO H. 3. 39 , neIWTopbIX rrorpe6eHHH y
c. BbIpcellITH 40, JlIOrHJIbIIHROB y C. PaB-
Ha 41, forOllY II )J,06pHlIa 42.
T H II IX. JIoIJ:J,eHaH IwpaMHRa RHIII-
IIICpIIll:CIWrO Q6JIHI\a. ;,ho <pparMeuTbI TOH-
I:WCTenllblX COCy)],OB C 'lCpUbIM JIOm;eHHeM,
rmma ROTOpbIX H XapaI(Tep 06pa60TKH
BHellHeH nOBepXIIOCTH HanOJlIHHaroT 'lep-
HOJIOm;enyIO I(epaMHRy RHMlllepHHcRHX no-
rpe6emfH 'lepUOrOpOBCRoro H HOBO'lep-
RaCCRoro rrepHO)],OB paHHero meJIe3HOrO
BeRa. HaH60JIee xapaRTepHaH }'"(eTaJIb
3THX <pparMeuToB - MHrRoe ropH30H-
TaJIbHOe pe6po, rrO}'"('lepRHBarom;ee OCHOBa-
HHe lleHRH (pHC. 5, 14, 15). Y!iaJIOCb
BOCCTaHOBHTb <POPMY cocy}'"(a, ROTOpblM
MomHO OTHeCTH R THny Ry6ROB, llHpDRO
pacrrpOCTpaHeUIII>lX cpe}'"(If RHJ\1MepHHCRIIX
rraMHTHHROB 43. Y Hero pe3RO OTorHYTbIH
BeH'lHR C 3aI\pyrJIeIIlIbIJII RpaeM, BbICORaH
n;HJIHU)].pH'leCIWH meHRa, OCHOBaHHe ROTO-
pOH rrO)].'lepRHYTO ropH30HTaJIbIIbiM pea-
pOM, II rrO'lnI llapOBH)].HbIH I\Oprryc, rrJIaB-
HO nepeXO}'"(Hm;HH B He60JIbIIIOe }'"(HO.
)];HaMeTp BeH'lHRa cocy}'"(a 12 CM,
Ropuyca - 19, BbICOTa 30 CM (pHC. 5,18).
COCY)].bI 3Toro THIla COCTaBJIHroT OROJIO
1,4 % JIeUHOH RepaMHRH nOCeJIeHHH BOJIb-
IDaH qepHoMopRa II (Ta6JI. 2).
T H rr X. JIom;eHaH RepaMHRa RH3HJI-
R06HHcRoro 06JIHRa. ;,ho COCY}'"(bI C pe3HbIM
reOJlIeTpH'leCRHM opHaMeHTOIll. IIpe}'"(cTaB-
JIeHbI <pparMeHTbI TOHROCTeHHbIX COCy}'"(OB
ne60JIbIDHX pa3MepOB (pHC. 5,2-4, 8),
a TaRFRe <pparMeHTbI 60JIbIDHX TOJICTOCTen-
HbIX COCY}'"(OB (pHC. 5, 1, 5-7). OCHoBHbIe
MOTHBbI o'pHaMeHTan;HH - ROM6HHaQHH
84
.
rpynrr OTpe3IWB, oupa3YIOIJ:J,He TpeyrOJIl..
HHRH, <pecToHbI, 6aHTOlllfLJ,HbIe <pHry-
PbI. KaI( npaBHJIO, opHaMeHT OrpaIIH'lH-
BaJICH B BepxHeH 'laCTH pH)J,aMH OTne'laT-
ROB TOpr(OBoii 'laCTH TOIIROH naJIO'lRH
(pHC. 5, 8). COCY}'"(bI nORpbITbI TeMlIb!JIf JIO-
ru;CHueM, OTJIH'laIoru;H ICH OT JIOIn;eHHH
RlIJ\IJIfeplIHCRHX Ry6ROli TyCRJIbIM cepOBa-
TbI 1 OTTeHIwJIf Ha IIoBepxHocTH yrJIyuJIe-
HHH 0'1' BbICbInaBIllHXCH npHJlfeCeH.
OROJIO 2,98 % JIeIIHOM I\epaMIfRH IIoce-
JIeIIHH BOJIbllaH qepHoJlfopRa II rrpHHa}'"(-
JIefRHT cocy}'"(aJlf 3Toro rima (Ta6Ji. 2).
I1pOIJ,eIIT RepaJlfHRH RH3HJI-R06IIHCRoro
06JIlIRa B na:'-'IHTHHRax HHlImero IIo-
6YH(bH lie rrpeBbIlnaeT nHTH. HeCROJIbRO
<pparMeliToB HaH}'"(eHo Ha HrOpJIhlIUWM
nOCeJIeHHH. fJIy60RHe 'laIIIH C rrp0<pHJIH-
pOBaHHbIJlfH CTeHRaMH H pe3IIbiM OpHaJlfeH-
TOM H3BeCTHbI II JlIaTepHaJIaX BepcaalIH
(TIIrr I RepaJlfHRH) 44. TaM fRe IIaH}'"(eH
'RYBIIIHH C PY'lROH, OpnaJlfeHTHpOBanHbIH
cBncarom;HMH 3allTpHxOBaHIIbIJlfH Tpe-
yrOJIbHHRaMII 45.
HpoJlfe Toro, JIoru;eIIbIe OpHaJlfeHTHpO-
BaHHbIe COCy}'"(bI 06HapYII\eHbI B HCKOTO-
pbIX CTenHbIX norpe6eHHHx paHHecIm<p-
CRoro BpeMeHH. 113 RaJlfepbI IIepBoro Ke-
JIepJlfeCCROro RypraHa npOHCXO}'"(HT <ppar-
JlICHTbI 'leTbIpeX COCy}'"(OB, }'"(Ba H3 ROTOpbIX
JIOm;eHbIe 46. O}'"(HH H3 HHX HMeJI <POPJlfY
}'"(BYPY'lrrOro ropIIIRa H 6bIJI YI\palle.a: y)J;-
JIHHeHHbIMH cBHcarom;HMH TpeyrOJIbHHRa
JlfH 47.
B rraJlfHTIIHRax CTerrHoro KpbIJlfa 3Ta
RepaMHRa rrpe}'"(CTaB.TJeIIa 60JIee IIIHpORO.
Oua BCTpe'laeTCH B KypraHax y ceJI
MapbHHo-JI030Boe 48, <I>PYRTOBoe 49. B
C.JIOHX VI-V BB. }'"(o H. 3. naJlfHTIlHROB
Bocnopa JIOm;eHOH RepaJlIHKH C pe3HoH
HHRpycTaQH(,M 60JIblle, 'leM B HHfRHeJlf
II06ymbe (MaTepHaJILI HHM<peH 50, IIaH-
TIIRaneH 51 H }'"(p.).
OpHaMeHT JIoru;eHOH I\epaMHRH (y}'"(JIH-
HeHHbIe cBIIcaroru;He 3aIDTpHXOBalIHbIe
Tpeyro.'1bHHRH), xapaRTep JIOm;eHHH, CO-
CTaB rJIHHbI rr03BOJIHroT 06'be}'"(HHHTb onH-
caHHbIe BLIme COCY}'"(bI C rpyrrrroH JIoru;eHOH
RepaMHRH RH3HJI-R06HHCIWH RYJIbTypbI
d
(
17
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,
'--' 20
PllC. 5. I\epa.\mKa KII3llJI-KOOIlHcKoro 06JIllI\a (1-8) II pej!IWe <!JoPMLI COCYj!OB (!J-20).
19
---....
cpOJJ,Hero 3TaTIa 52. TaK OpnaMeHTIIpOBa-
IIbI COCY,!(hI CIIM<pepOnOJIbCKOrO 53, I1H-
KepMaHCKOrO, KpaClIOrOpCKOrO II JJ,PyrIIx
IlOCeJIeHH:H KII3I1JI-K06I1HCKOH KYJlbTY-
pbI 54. B lIaMHTIIl1I<aX HIIiKHerO IIo6YiRbH
II CTenli I<OJIHqeCTBO Jlo eHoii RepaMIIKII
KII3llJI-K06I1HCKOrO 06JIIIKa 3aMeTHO
yMeHbUtaeTCH. B03MOiRHO, TIIJIIIrYJlbCKIIH
. JIIIMaH HBJIHeTCH 3anaJJ,HOH rpaHIIQell ee
pacnpOCTpa HeHlIll.
T n n Xl. KOpqarli. Y HIIX npHMOH,
lHIorJJ:a qYTb OTOruYTbIll HapYiRUblH BelI-
q!fI(, IIJI8BII0 rrepeXOAH IIH B BbICOKYW,
B Bl1lJ,e yceqelInoro Konyca, llIellKY. CTell-
KI1 BbIIIYl\JIble. HallJJ,euo HeCKOJIbKO <ppar-
MellTOB MaCCIIBHhIX JJ,HII , I\OTOpbIe no
pfl3MepaM II COCTaBY rJIIIlIhI MOrJIII npII-
fIalJ,JIem8Tb KOpqaraM. .D.IIaMeTp BeHqIIKa
Ta101X COCY,!(OB OT 22 AO 70 CM (pIIC. 3,1-
6). COCYJJ:bI TOJICTOCTeHHbIe, rJIIIHa C Kpyn-
, HbIMIi npIiMeCHMII. BHellIHHH nOBepXHOCTb
3amarr\€Ua H<1IJJ:KOiI rJIIIIIOM, IIHorJJ,a noJJ,-
JIOIlWHa. OpHaMeHTIIpoBaHhI KOpqarli JIII-
60 IWCblMII HaCeqKaMII, pacnOJIOmeHlIbIMII
no KpalO BeHqUKa (pIIC. 3, 6), JIII60 Mac-
CIIBHbIM BaJIIIKOM, onOHCbIBaIO IIM llIeHRY.
BaJIIIK MOJJ,eJIIIpOBaH naJIb1 eBbIMII 3aIII:II-
n8MII (pIIC. 3, 3) IIJIII )lOnOJIHHeTCH HaJIe-
naMll. He60JI bllIue OBaJI bHLIe HaJIenbI qac-
TO pacnOJIaraWTCH napa Ill (pIiC. 3, 6).
hOpqam COCTaBJIHIOT OKOJIO 2,1 % ,'Ien-
HOH KepaMIIlnI IIOCeJIeHUH BOJIbllIaH lJep-
HOMOpK8 II (Ta6JI. 2). BJIIIiRaHllIIIe aHaJIO-
I'll COCYAaM 3Toro Tiina IIMeWTCH B MaTe-
pllaJI8X IIOCeJIeHIIH y c. HaAJIIIMaH-
CKoe bb.
B COCTaBe JIellllOH KepaMIIKII IIOCeJIeHHH
, BOJIbillaH lJ:epHOMOpl\a II CJIeJJ,yeT OTMe-
TIITb pHJJ, Heo6bIqHhIX <pOpM.
T II II XII. J1bH'lKH. TaKoH COCYA
C OCTaTKa m paCIIJIaBJleHHOro CBIIHu;a
HaHJJ,eH B paCKone 1973 r. IIo <popMe Hano-
MIIHaeT HerJIy60KYW TOJICTOCTeHHYW MII-
COqKY, OBaJIbHYW B IIJIaHe, C HeBbICOKIIMII,
qyTb 3arHyThIMII BHYTPb CTeHKa !ll. C OJ];-
HOli: CTOpOlIhl B CTeHKe IIMeeTCH Hapym-
HLIH BbICTYIl C OTBepCTIIeM AJIH JJ:epeBHHHoii:
PyqKII, BhlCOTa JIbHqKII 4 CM, JJ,lIaMeTp AO
10, JJ,JIIIHa BbIcTyna 4 1 ;:J;lIaMeTp OTBep-
86
CTIiH 1,5 CM. Ha IIOCeJIeHIIII Hall,!(eHO e e
,!(Ba <ppanIeHTa II3JJ,eJIlIH 3TOI'O TIIrr:i
(pIiC. 5,16,17,20). BepoHTHee Bcero, OHH
npUMeHHJIIICb npH nOqIIIIKe pa36IIThIx co-
CYAOB C IIOMO bW CBIIHU;OBhIX CKpell, a
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B TO ifm BpeMH B COCTaBe Macconoro Ma-
TepIfaJIa IIOCeJIeHHH BOJTbmaH qepHoMop-
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HUKOB HIIil\Hero lIooYiI{bH, JIenHaH Kepa-
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IIOCeJIeHUH BOJIbIUaH qepnoMopKa II CO-
CTaBJIHIOT COCY h1, H3BeCTHble cpe H CTelI-
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rOBH HO oTomYToii rnellKoH (THII I) H
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IX) COCTaBJIHlOT OKOJIO 30% JIeIIHOH Kepa-
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Ro BTOpOH FPYIIIIe OTHOCHTCH COCY)J,I,I,
CBOI1M rrpOHCXOiR eHlIeM CBH3aHHhre C IIJIe-
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roprnKII C IIO TH rrpHMoH meiiIWM (THII II
ropmI\OB). OHll COCTaBJIHIOT 29% JIeIlIIOil
KepaMHKH rrOCeJIeHHH BOJIbIIIaH qepHo-
MopKa II. .
fpYIIIIY II3 eJIIfH, HHJT HIOIIJ:eHCH HOBOH
,'IH CTeIIHbIX IIaMHTHHKOB, COCTaBJIHIOT
rOpIIII(II C rop.'IOM H BH e pacTpyoa
(TllII III), MHCKa H3 rpyooH rJIllHhI (1I3
THlIa V), ypIIIJIar (Tim XIII), JTbH Kn
(TIIII XII) H THII XV COCY OB. B naCTOH-
m;ee BpeMH 3TH TIIIIbI HepaMllKH B paBHOM
Mepe MorYT ObITb CBH3aHbI Kan C IIOHBJTf)-
nlIe f B CTeIIII Ko eBhIX CI\II<PCRHX IIJIeMeH,
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I IfH IIoOYil\bH. OHH COCTaBJIHroT OOJIee
6 % JIeIIHOH KepaMIIRll aHHorn rral\IHTHIIKa.
87
Menee 3Ha'IHTeJIbHa rpYIIIIa JIO eHOM 1\e-
paMUI<U, MMeIOu eM auaJIorUU Cpe,I\H nocYJ\I.I
I<U3uJI-I<06uHCIUIX naMf!TIIHI<OB (THII X).
Oua COCTaBJIf!CT 3 % JIeIIlIOM I<cpa?umu
nOCCJIeHUf! BOJIblliaf! qepHOMOpI<a I I.
IlcpcqucJIeHlIbIe BbIllie rpynlIbi I<epaMH-
I<ll XapaI<TepIIbl AJIf! 60JIbIilUHCTBa IIaMf!T-
HlII<OB Hunmcro TIOOYlI\bf! - TIO,I\He-
npOBbf! apXanqCCIWrO nepllO,I\a. ;,hu rpyn-
nbI, no BeeM BU,I\UMOCTH, CTaJIU ocnOBOM
,I\JIH OpMupOBaHUf! TaI< na3b1BaeMOro
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HUblMI1 CJIOBaMU, B ero OpMflpoBalIllll
na' paHHeM 3Tanc npUHHMaJIfI yqaCTfle pa3-
JIWIHhIe 8THflqeCI<ne rpynIILI: I<UMMepHMI bI,
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qTO, eCTCCTBeuuo, HeB03MOlI<HO 6e3 ueno-
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rpyun naceJIenUf!. OTHOCnTeJIbIIO Bonpoca,
lWI\OBIJ 6b1JIH 3TfI I<OHTaI<TbI - BOeHHIJe
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I m;UC anaJIoruu BO palmMcKflx UaMf!TIIU-
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TeppUTopnu npOl\eHT I\epaMUKU paKlIM-
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BOCTOqnCe ,I.l;ncnpo-ByrcKoro JIHMaHa KO-
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88
JIapf!,I\Y co CKIIqJCKIfM naCeJIeHIfeM B Hflm-
mm 1100YlI\be, B 'IaCTIJOCTIf Ha IIOCCJIClIHI1
BOJIbIllaf! qepuoMopKa II, MOil\HO Bbl,I\e-
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(cBI,llue 60% JICIJlloii IwpaMmm) COMJlCHlfii
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KOnCTanll\lfH npmlloro COOTBCTCTBI1f! Mcm-
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HfI'IeCKOM rpynnLI B COCTaBC HaCCJICIlIIH
6bI.TIO Obi ynpOIJ CHfleM.
110 CBoeMY COCTaBY KOMnJIeKC JIenJloii
KepalllHKH nOCeJIeHHH BOJILllIaf! '-IepIlO-
MopKa II Kpaiiue OJIU30K oepe3aUCKOMY
fI OJIbBJIMCKOMY. B 3TOH CBf!3f1 lIeJI b3H He
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JIOrH'ICCKOH JIHTCpaType. BOJIbIllflUC'l'BO
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t:JecKoM. Mbl oopaJJ(aeM BIllBHlllJ1e qHTaTC-
JIf! ua CJIeJJ:YJOIl\He <fJaKTJ,l.
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l eB BellYT K HeJ\OTopbIM H3MeHeHIff!M B
MaTepll3JILHOM l,YJIbType 64, T. C. 'IaCTb
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'IeBHUKaJ\1H y oce,I\JIoro lJaCeJIeHlff!. 06 He
3aI<OnOllWpHOCTIf pa3BIITflH JW'IeBOrO XO-
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paHHU cKH<paMu l,aKHX-JIH60 <pOpM Kcpa-
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pOIIOJIlI1I 1I3rOTOBJIH.JIII JIeIIHYIO Repal\Hmy,
H OHa eIlI,e He 6bI.JIa BbITeCHeHa rOH'Iap-
HOM 65. Op,llaRO TI1IIO.JIOrn'IeCKII RepaMHKa
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MomJ Y C060M npaKTM'lecKM HM'IerO 06Il{e-
1'0. 13 TO }Ke BpeMH ropruKM C KOpOTKOM
p,yrolHlp,HOM B pa3pe3e rueMKoM, ropru!-:H
C IIO'lTII IIpHl\IOM ruelll<OM, JI OllI,eHbIe cocy-
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nOMHMO rpeqeCKHX nOCeJleHIIM, BCTpe-
qaeTc,H B IIorpe6eHHHx CO CKH<pCKMMH
npep,MeTaMH, p,aTMpyeMbIx VII -V BR.
p,o H. 3., He rOBopH Yil\e 0 IIorpe6eHHHx
IV-III BB. p,o H. 3., r]{e OIIM HB.JIHIOTCH
rocnop,CTBYIOllI,HMH.
TaRflM 06pa30M, MbI CqHTaeM, qTO OC-
IIOBHaH Macca .JIeIIIIOM KepaMHI\lJ CBH3aHa
C MeCTHbIM HaCe.JIelIIIeM, XOTJI BepOHTHOCTb
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neJlI,3H.
M3-3a pa3J1H'IHbIX npHqlIH COQHaJIbHO-
ROHOMHqeCROrO xapaKTepa, BapBapCRIIM
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UhJ.JI HO.JIH3TIIHQen, qTO OTpa3H.JIOCb B
pa3Ho06pa3HH <POpM .JIeIIHOM KepaMHKII.
H CBOIO Oqepep,b, OJIII BHeCJJII onpel{e.TIeH-
][hIM BRJHll{ B qJOpMIIponaHHC CRH<pCKoro
j\epaMI1'reCROro KOMIIJleKca.
M ap'lelLlw Ii. K. JIcIIHaH I{epaMJma Eepe-
3alIH II OJIbDHII BTOpoii IIOiIODIIHbI V 11- V B.
RO H. 3.- B 1m.: XYlIomccTBcHHaH KYJIbTypa
n l1pxeORorllH aHTH'Illoro MIfpa. M., 1976,
c. 163, pllC. 3-4.
2 Ii anOUluna C. If. 113 I1CTOpIIH rpe'lecKoii KO-
JIOIUl3aI\JlJI I-Iunmero il06yn{bH.- MIlA,
1956, M 50, c. 244.
3 If!mumeJtbMalt (/J. M. ilOCeJIeHHH aHTJJ'IHOrO
IIPpHOlla Ha n06ppen{be EyrcKoro JIHMaHa.-
MHA, 1956, N 50, c. 265, pnc. 6.
4 Faepu./tlO1: If. A., Ocmpoeepxoe A. C. Hepa-
MII'IeCKIIH KOMnJIeKC HrOpJIbIII,KOrO IIOCCJIC-
I!IIH.- ApXeOJIOrH'IeCKJIe IICCJIe/1,ODaHIUI IIa
'YKpaIfHc B 1976-1977 1'1'. Tee!. JlOJW. XVII
KOU.p. HA AH }'CCP. Ymropoll, 1978, c. 63.
HKoeenKO E. B. JIinHa KepaMiKa VI-V CT.
110 H. e. 3 HiMqJelI.- ApxeOJIoriH, 1978,
M 27, c. 38, pllC. 2.
6 Map'leliKO Ii. H. JIenHaH Kepa Ilma V-III DB.
11.0 H. 3. ropO/1,IIllla y CT. EJIH3aBeTOBCKOH
na )J,OHy.- CA, 1972, M 1, c. 126.
7 M ypault B. Iv. )J,Ba paHneCIm.pCKJIX ROMnJIeK-
ca 113 3anopOiKCKOii 06JI.- B KH.: HOBbIC HC-
CJIe,n,OBaHHIl apxeo.1I0rll'leCKIIX naMHTHHKOB
Ha Y"paIlHe. I'lIeB, 1977, c. 60, 61.
8 KUR.UlKO B. H,;, Ii OpenR.KO B. A. ilorpe6eHJIH
paHHcro }KNIe3HOro DeKa y r. HOHCTaHTH-
HODcKa-na-)J,oHY.- CA, 1976, M 1, c. 170-
172.
» llecKoe A. M. I\JJpoBcJ{oe noceJlem e - B KII.:
J];peBHocTH BOCTOtIHOro I\pblMa. I\lIcD, 1970,
c.15.
10 IIempenKo B. r. ilpaB06cpeiKbe CpCIlHero
llpHlIHenpOBbH D V-III BD. 110 H. 3.- CAH,
1967, )J,1-4, c. 119, Ta6JI. 5, 4-25.
u If ./tbunC1:aR. B. A. KepaMHKa CJ{H!jJCKJIX
norpe6eHHii ilOCyJIblI.- B 1m.: BonpocbI
CKJI!jJo-capMaTcKoll apXeOJlOrHH. M.,. 1954,
c. 157.
J2 /II aparJjymoulioea If. II. It Bonpocy 0 ca6a-
TlIHOBCIWii Ky.'IbType.- CA, 1968, M 3,
c. 24.
13 llec1:oe A. M. ilpeIlCJ{H!jJCI\lIH nepHO/1, B CTCIIIIX
CeBepHoro llpH'IepHOMopbH.- MHA, 1971,
;r-,'! 177, c. 79.
14 M ap'leltliO H. J(. JIenHaH KepaMHKa Eepe3a-
HI! II OJIhBIIH.., c. 162.
J/ljeltliO If. B. CKn<!JlIH VII-V DIJ. 110 n. 3.
M., 1959, c. 28, TaOJI. I, 7,8.
16 Iipyz./tuKoea II. T. 0 MCCTIIOi1 IWpaMHJW naIl-
nmaneH II ee 3Ha'leHHH IlJIH H3Y'leHIfH COCTa-
Da HaCeJIenIfH :JToro ropOlla.- MHA, 1954,
N 33, c. 81.
17 .l\acmanalflt E. r. XYllomecTBeBHbJe 3JIC-
MCHTbI D JIeIIHoif KCpaMJme Eocnopa.-
AfCil, 1955, c. 394, pile. 1, 2.
18 J ./tAinCbKa B. A. TI po noxoAiKeHIIH Ta eTIli'lIIi
3D' H3KJI rr;ICMCH CKi!jJCbJ{O'i KyJIbTypH II 0-
CYJlhCbKO-)J,Ollel(bKOrO JIicocTeny.- Apxe-
OJIOriH, 1966, T. 20, c. 71.
19 Iinunoeu'l T. II. OlIbIT XapaJ,TCpnCTHI{H ro-
pOIlIIIl\a y CT. EJIII3aBeTCKoii no naxollRaM
3KCIICIlIIl(BII fOCYllapCTIJeIIHOii AKallCMJIH nc-
Topnn MaTepnaJlbHOJ! KyJIbTypbI.- Hf AHMI\,
1934, BbIn. 104, TaGJI. 2.
20 Timel/liO r. T. P03KOlIKH naM'HTOK CKi.p-
Chlwro 'lacy Ha ilaCTlIpCbKOMY ropoIlHIlli.-
All, 1956, T. 6, c. 54.
21 IIo1:poecblia 6. (/J. XOTiDcbKe ropollH e.-
Ail, 1952, T. 4, c. 15, Ta6JI. 3.
22 IiOenane1tKO r. T. ilJIeMeHa cKi!jJCbKoro 'lacy
Ha BOpCKJIi. 1\., 1967, c. 114.
23 JI AbUIlC1:aR B. A. HepaMHKa CKH<!JCKJJX norpe-
oeHJIii ilOCYJIbH, c. 176. Ta6JI. II, 1.
24 Jl.lap'leltlio Ii. Ii. JIennaH KCpaMJlKa Eepe3a
HlI II OJILDIIJJ.., pnc, 3-7.
89
25 HKOeen/W E. B. JIiIIHa RepaMiKa VI-V CT.
1\0 H. e. 3 HiM<!JeH, c. 37, puc. 1.
26 Map e/tKO H. K. JIerrHaH I\epaMHKa OJIbDHU
u Eepe3aUH.., c, 163.
27 Pa6u Ku/t B. M. TIoCeJIeHIfe y IIIIfpOKoii
OaJIKH.- I CHHMI\, 1951, BbIII. 40, c. 120.
28 Me./tlO1:oea A, H. HCCJIellOBaHIIe reTCKHX rra-
MiJTHHKOD B CTenHo 1 1101lHecTpoBt.e.-
I CliA AH YCCP, 1963, BbIII. 94, C. 70,
pIlC. 20.
29 MM/oKoea A. If. Ii: Borrpocy 0 rpamI1 e Mem-
lIY cllIflfJaMlI H reTaMIf.- MHA, 1969, M 150,
c. 71, pHC. 2, 1-8.
30 Berelu D. Desoperarile getice de la Cernavoda
9 (1954-) si uuele aspecte ale insepu-
tului formarii culturii Latene geto - dace
la Duarea de jos.- MCA, 1957, N 4, p. 313,
fig. 5, 2, 7, 1.
31 M ap enKO K. [(. JIerrHaH KepaMIfRa Eepe3a-
HH H OJIbBIIII.., c. 161.
32 [( anOUlu/ta C. H. H3 IfCTOpHU rpe'lecKoii KO-
nOHIf3al\lIH.., c. 244.
33 Me./tIOKoea A. H. HCCJIellOBaHIfe reTCKIfX na-
MfIT'mmoB.., c. 70, pIfC. 20, 2.
34 M MI01:0ea A. H. It Borrpocy 0 rpaHIfl\e..,
c, 71, pHC. 2, 6.
35 M MIOKoea A. H. HCCJIellOBaHIfe reTCKIfX
naMHTHlUlOB.., c. 69, pIfC. 18, 9.
36 TaM me, c. 70, pIfC. 20, 11.
37 Vulpe A I. Necropola Hallstattiana de la
Ferigile. Bucuresti, 1976, pI. II, Ill.
38 jJale-PaUKO r. O. JIirrHa KepaMiKa 3 O. Ee-
pe3aHi VII-V CT. 110 n. e.- MATITI, 1959,.
BIIrr. 2, c. 40, pIfC. VI, a, VII, a, 6.
39 Vulpe A I. Nccropola Hallstattiana de la
Ferigile, 1976, pI. VII, 17.
40 Morlntz S. Sapaturil de la Birsesti.-
MCA, 1959, vol. 7, fig. 1, 2, 4.
.41 Mup ee M. PaHHoTpaimiicfilfHT MOrHJIen ne-
I(POllOJl rrpH c. PaBHa.- HAH, 1962, T. 25,
oop. IX, 3; XVI, 2; XVIII, 4, 6; XXII, 3, 6;
XXXI, 6.
42 gu u1:0ea IIf. KepaMUKa OT CTapaTa meJIH3-
Ha erroxa B TpaKITH.- ApXeOJIOrIfH, 1968,
T. 10, KIT. 4, c. 16.
.43 Faepu./tWK II. A. JIoll\CnaH IwpaMHKa CTerr-
nbIX llorpe6eHuii' npellcKIIijJcEoro BpeMeHu.-
B KH.: fIaMHTlIJlKU lIpeBIJIIX KyJIbTYP CeBep-
Horo TIpll'WpHmlOpbH. I\IfeB, 1979, c. 31,
plfc.6.
44 M ap'lenKO K. K. JI ellIJaH !(9paMIfI\a Eepe3a-
11M If OJIbBIUI.., c. 158.
45 Map'le/tKO K. [(. <DpaKIliiI\bI !fa TeppIfTopIfIf
HIImnero TI06ymbH.., c. 150, pliO. 1.
46 OAR 3a 1904 r. Cn6., 1907, c, 87.
90
47 Heceen A. A., lluompoeCKUlt B. B. M03il:OK-
CKIIii MOI'IIJlbHHIL JI., 1940, c. 39, Ta6JI. XIV.
48 my./tbl.f II. H., Cmo./tR.p A. jJ. RypraHbI 3no-
XH 6pOH3bI B )l:OJIJlHe Camupa.- RCHHMH,
1958, BbIrr. 71, c. 57, 58.
49 Tpoul.f1:aR. T. H. HaXO)l:KH H3 CKIf<!JCKHX
KypraIloB KpbIMa, xpanHru;l1ecH B 06JIaCTHOM
MY3ee.- B KII.: }fCTOPIIH 1\ apxeo.'10rUH )l:peB-
nero l\pbIMa. Ii:IfeB, 1957, c. 176.
o XYOR.1: M. M. H3 HCTOpHIf HHM<!JeH. JI., 1962,
c. 14-15, pHC. 3, 3, 6.
1 Kpyz./tu1:oea H. T. 0 MecTHOJI KepaMIfI\e TIaH-
THI\arreH.., c. 82.
2 lleer.oe A. M. fopnbIii RpbIM B I TbIC. 110 Ha-
meii 3PbI. I\lIeB, 1965, c. 29.
3 jJ aUleeC1:aR. O. jJ. CHM<!Jeporro.'lbCROe paH-
HeTaBpcKoe rrOCeJIeHIfe.- CA,1958, M 3,
pHC. 1, 1, 2, 6.
54 Kpue X. H. 1\ Bonpocy 0 nepIl0)l:If3al\IfIf KH-
3I1JI-K06I1HCKOII KYJIbTypbI.- CA, 1961, oN!! 4,
pIfC. 4, 3, 7-11, 17, 18.
55 Afe./tlO1:oea A. H. K Borrpocy 0 rpalUll\e..,
pile. 2.
58 rpa1:06 B. H. RaMeHCKoe ropOllIfru;e Ha ,JJ;Hen-
pe.- MHA, 1954, j\, 36, c. 76.
57 Boardman J. Excavation in Chios 1952-1955.
Greek Emporio. Oxford, 1967, p. 145, cat.
nn '612-613; p. 147, fig. 96: pI. 52.
8 Koay6 fO. f. TIepe)l:MicTH OJIbBil.- Apxeo-
JIoriH, 1979, oM 29, c. 14-15.
9 Map'le/tKo K. K. <DpaKuiiI\bI Ha TeppiiTopIfH
HUJroIero TI06ymbH BO BTOpoii lloJIOIJIfne
VII-I B. )l:0 H. 3.- B)J,H, 1974, M 2, c. 149-
161.
60 KacmanaR.n E. r. JIerrHaH KepaMIfKa MIfpMe-
KIfH II TupuTaKIf. - MH A, 1952, oM 25,
c. 49, H CJI.; Kpyz./tuKoea ,H. T. R Bonpocy
o HerpeQeCKO.\1 HaceneHIfH <DaHaropHH.-
B)J,I1, 1950, ;M 1, c. 101 U CJI.
61 II anu/t B. B. fpe'leCI\aH KOJIOHH3aI IfH Ce-
BepHoro TIpllqepHO lOpbH. HIfeB, 1966,
c. 163 II CJI.
62 To./temoe C. II. fCHe3I1C <!JeO)l:aJIIf3Ma' B KO'le-
BbIX CKOTOBOI\'1eCKJlX 06ru;eCTBax.- Hf AHMI':,
1934, BbIrr. 103, c. 171.
63 }/(oan1:o T. A. TIpo6JIe 18 rrOJIyocellJIOro Hace-
JIeHIfH B IfCTOpJlII Cpe)l:HelI A3HH H Ka3axcTa-
'na.- ca, 1961, M 2, c. 54.
u }/(oan1:O T. A. HOMa)l:I13M IJ CpellHeII A31!I1
II I\a3axcTaHe.- B KII.: I1CTOpIfH, apxeoJIo-
rIfH H 3THorpa<!JIIH B CpellHeii A3HH. M., 1968,
c. 275-276.
65 Brann E. T. H. Late Geomotric and Proto-
attic pottery mid 8th to lati' 7th century
B. C.-- In: The Athenian Agora, 1962, vol.
8, p. 3, 4, 29,
H. ([J. Koea.zeea, C. E. Myxonaa
CKH<I>CKOE nOrPEBEHHE
KOHII;A VI- V BB. AO H. 3.
Y c. AJIEKCAIIAPOBKA
8Kcrre,n;UIweii AHe:r:rpOrreTpOBCKOrO YHlI-
BepCHTeTa B 1972-1978 rr. B Mem,n;ype'Ibe
JIeBUX :r:rpHTOKOB )J.Herrpa - peK OpeJIU U
CaMapu UCCJIe.!(OBaHhI CKUQ?CKue rrorpe6e-
HUH, cpe,n;u HIlX oTnocHIII.lteCJI K VI-
V BB. ,n;o H. 3. B nOM, nOrpaHU'IHOM C JIe-
COCTe:r:rI:.IO paHOHe CI\U CKUe rraMJITHUKU
paHee He 6bIJIU U3BeCTlIbI.
OC06blii IfHTepec npe.!(CTaB.'lJIeT paCKo-
rraHHbIH B 1977 r. I\ypraH M 6, BXO.!(UBilllIH
B MOrUJIbHHK lIS 13 HaCblITell, pacrrOJIO-
iI\eHHbIM Ha aeMJIJIX Y'le6Horo X03HMCTBa
,IJ;HenpOrreTp0J3CKOrO ceJI bCKO XOsHllcTBeH-
Horo HHCTUTYTa «CaMapCImll», B 3,5 KM
K roro-BOCTOKY OT c. AJIeKcaH,n;poBKa Ho-
BOMOCKOBCKoro paRoHa )J.HerrporreTpoB-
CKOM 06JIaCTlI. BpeMJI C03.!(aHUJI 60JIbillUH-
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arrOXOll 6pOH3bI, nJITb U3 HUX B03Be.!(eHbI
B paHHeM meJIeaHOM BeKe (KIIMMepURCKUR,
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ne, UbIJI pacrraxaH. BUCOTa ero Ha.!( ypOB-
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32 M, IDlIpllHOll Ha ypOBHe .!(peBHen no-
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1 TepenO;l/(KUn A. H. I\nMMcpl1ill!bJ. HIfCD,
i976, c. 33, pIle. 7, 12-24; pIle. 24, 6.
2 CM. CTaTbIO B. 10. MYP3JIHa B l\annOM c60pmHW.
3 ApxeoJIoriH YKpa'iHcbKo'i PCP. I\., 1971, T.2,
c. 50.
4 Me.!tIOKoea A. D. BOopYIIWHfre clm!}JoD.-
CAll, 1964, DbIrr. )J, 1-4, c. 38, 39.
TaM me, TaOJI. 13, iJ, 2, 6.
G DI anOUlnUKoea O. r. IIorpeoeuHe cKfI<fJcKoro
BOHHa Ha p. HHrYJI.- CA, 1970,.M 3,
c. 209.
7 Me.!tIOKoea A. D., Boopymeuflc.., Ta6JI. 7;
E-10; A-10, 17; E-3, 4; lI.-.3, 4; P-3;
pRe. i, OTlIeJI II, TIfII 4, BapnaHT 8; TRII 5,
BapIfaHT 6- II II lip.
s 3.!tam KOeCKaR. T. Jl.., DI eAoe Jl.. B. .<tJHoym,[
<DpaKRIf VIl-V BD. 110 H. 3.- CA, HJ7i,
M 4, c. 57.
B BeneouKoe If. HaxollKIf OT paHIIOmCJIe3HaTa
elIoxa.- B KH.: IbDecTRH Ha BapHRHcKIf
ApXeOJIOrH'IHe )J,pymecTBo. COqJHH, 1963,
HH. 14, N 7, c. 21-;22.
10 M e.!tIOKoea A. D. IIaMHTIDIHH CHIf!}JcKoro Dpe-
IeHR JIeCOCTenHOI'O CpellHero IIol1HecTpo-
DbH.- MllA, 1958, M 64, c. 64-74, pIfC. 22.
H Me.!tIOKoea A. D. 0 lIaTHpODKe H COOTHOIIJeHHR
rraMHTUHHOB ua'laJIa meJIe3UOrO BeHa B JIeco-
cTerruoil MOJIlIaDIIH.- CA, '1972, M 1, c. 63,
pRe. 4, 1.
12 Ilol>poecKaR. E, lP, iI{epTBeHHRK paHHCCHIi<P-
101
CKoro tJpCMCITH Y c. iKaUOTUH.- I-lCI1A
AH YCCP, 1962, BbIII. 12, c. 73-81.
13 X aJanoe A. M. JI creHl\a 0 npollcxomllellIfu
CKH<p0B.- B KH.: CKII<pCKUii MHp. KHeB,
1975, c. 81.
14 )J,rc, ATJIaC, Cno., 186f3, TaOJI. .XXVI, 18;
PocmoeLJee M. If. 8JIJIHHCTBO U upaHcTBo
Ha lOre POCCUIf. JI., 1918, c. 410; Jlwn-
1£0 If. B. CKI1<pHH VII-V BB. ):to H. J. M.,
1958, c. 54.
1. Pocmoew e M. If. YKa3. CO'I., Ta6J1. K c. 40-
42; pHC. 27.
16 OAI\ aa 1890 r. Cno., 1893, c. 4, puc. 1-3.
17 Furtwiinglur. Der Gold yon Vettersfelde.
Bcrlin, 1880.
18 OnaUKo II. A. AIITI1'!IIWH u mopT B TIpulIHc-
npOBbC H ll06ym!>c D VII-V BU. 110 H. a.-
CAH, 196f3, BblIl. ,T( 1-27, c. 20, 1, 52.
19 Clepnen1:o E. B. OpymHc 1\:'\ TOJlC1 ii Moru-
JIW.- B KH.: CIm<pCKHii MUp, c. 164.
20 B/t:JK B. B. 1\ Bonpocy 06 UCTOKax CKU<PO-
capMaTCI\OrO 3BcpHHoro CTUJIH.- B KH.:
CKH!f>O-CHOI1PCKHi1 3BCplllIbIii CTIfJIb B HCKyc-
CTBe Hapo):toB EBpa3HH. M., 1976, c. 37.
21 If ./tbU/!CKaR. B. A. COBpeMeHHoe COCTOHHIJe
Up06JIeMbI, CKu<pcKoro 3Bepl1HOro CTlIJIH.-
B KH.: CKH<P0-cu6upcm1ii 3Bepl1HbIii CTJlJIb...,
c. 26.
2 Ma1:cu.M.oea M. If. Ccpe6pIIHbe aepKaJIO U3
I\eJIepMeca.- CA, 1954, .N2 21, c. 298, 299.
3 JIec1:oe O. CKapou KypraHiB XCpCOHII\HHU.
IL, 1974, c. 73, pUc. 55.
4 M030/teecKuu B. H. CKu<pcKue I10rpC6eHulI
y c. HaropHoe 6JIII3 r. 0Pll1fWHHKU1I3e Ha D;He-
nponeTpoBuUIHe.- B KH.: CKIf<pcKue JlpeB-
HOCTU, I\lIeB, 1973 c. 224.
2 IIempel!Ko B. r. TIpaBouepeJ-Kbc Cpcl nero
TIpulIHcnpODbH B V-Ill BB. 110 H. a. - CAH,
1967, BbIU' D; 1-4, c. 57.
26 A p ma.M.onoe M. 11. COKpoBuII\a CKU<pCKUX
KypraHoB B c06paHHu focYllapcTBeHHoro
apMJlTa1f\8. JI., 1966, pHC. 127; To/tcmou If.,
KoniJaKoe ll. PyccKue lIpeBHoCTu B naMHTHU-
Kax UCKYCCTDiL Cn6., 1889, BbIU' 2, c. 101.
27 Apma.M.o/tOe M. If. COKpOBHlI\a CKU<pCKUX
KypraHoB.., C. 21, pHC. 330.
28 Apma.MOn08 M. If. CKIf<P0-CH6IfpCKoe UCKYC-
CTBO 3BepUHOrO CTJlJIH. M., 1971, c. 27, 33.
29 Kyab.M.Una E. E. CKu<pCKoe UCKYCCTBO KaK
OTpameHue MUpOB033peHUH O):tHOH H3 rpynII
t1HlIOIfpaHJ eB - B KH.: CIm<pO-CHUUPCKUii
3BeplIHbIH CTUJIb.., c. 55.
30 TaM me, c. 60.
S1 PacKonKu KypralIoB B Mem):typC'IbC ,T(yuaJ1-
D;HecTpa.- AO 1972, M., 1973, c. 252.
32 Jlec1:oe A. HOBbIe COKpoBUlI\a KypraHoB YI\-
pallHbI. JI., 1972, C. 50, pUc. 11.
S:! gepnen1:o E. B. Opymuc U3 TO.1JCTOii Moru-
JIbI.., C. 171.
34 gepne1t1>O E. B. CKi<pCbKi KypraHu V CT.,
JlO H. e. n06JIuay M. iKlIaHOBa.- ApxeoJIo-
rill, 1970, T. 23, c. 176, 177.
3 DlanoUlnuKoea O. r. TIorpe6eHHe CKu<pCI\Oro
BOIIHa..., c. 208-212.
S6 TepenoJ/C1:un A. If., lJ./tbuncKas/" B. A., gep-
nenKO E. B., MOaO/l.eeCKUU B. H. CKU<pCKHC
KypraHbI HUKOnOJIbIl\IHIW.- B KH.: CKIf<p-
CKue ApeBHocTu, c. 169.
S7 Xaaanoa A. M., 1f!1:Ypr.o A. 11. COIJ,UaJIbHbIC
U peJIlfrlI03HbIe OCHOBbI CKHq,cI(Oro I1CKYC-
CTBa.- B KH.: CKII<p0-cu6I1PCKIfH 3BepIfHbIii
CTIIJIb.., c. 144.
c. C. BeCC01t06a
o CI\U<I>CIUIX IIOB03KAX
lIIM pOKue MaCIlITaObl rrcc.'Iep,OHaHIuI
CTenH.,IX KypraHoH, rrpOHOnUHllIHCCH B
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Ra).- lI.HC. Ha COHCKaHHe Y'l, C'Ien. R3HA.
BeT. 1I3YK. l HcD, 1980.
112
Pile. 6. POJILei!> 113 Tpe'(upaTucro Kyprana (npo-
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8 1-1058
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113
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114
.
HJ.J n30(jp \IT:I'Ha IWUTI:HI nono:ma C n03-
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IIHM na nOB031\e 77.
B l1plmy6ancKux MeorCRUX RypraHax,
B OTJIU'lUe 01' CRU<f>CI\HX U capMaTcRux, no-
B03RU JIBJIHroTCH C06CTBOHHOCThIO MY,K-
'UUI. Onua ll3 HHX, 06napymeIIHaH B Bacro-
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TOBI\OB],fM RaR BoeIlIIO-cnOpTlIBHaH 78.
HOIWTOPI,te AaHuhIe II03BOJIHroT IIpOnIIO-
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CIwro 60il\eCTBa: n306pameuue IIOB030R
na MOHeTe CRUJIypa (1Ia aBepece rOJIOBa
menCRoro 60mocrBa), Ha peJIbecpe 113 Tpex-
6paTnero Rypraua 79, H8 IIJIaCTHHe OT
menCROro rOJIOBHOrO y60pa H3 Ryprana
Raparoneyarux 80. Ha onHOH U3 BTYJIOR
)J.blruJIa, naHAeIIHoro IIpn YIIpmI\HbIX RO-
lIHX B CraHpOIIOJIbCKOM I<ypraIIe, BbITHCHe-
110 u306pameIIlIO co.'1He'1HOH 60rUHll 81.
TaRUM 06pa30M, B CRUcpCI\HX IIorpe6e-
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B norpe6enUHX 3HaTH pa3JIU'1nOro paHra,
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COIJ;HaJIbHOH IIpIIUanJIO!KIIOCTII YMepruero
HMeUlIO R 3TOMY CJIoro 06rn;eCTBa. Heco-
MueIIlIa 3Ha'1UTeJIbnan: pO.'lb ROHH U IIOB03-
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g*
COJIHe'lROH ROJIeCHIII\e, ('.BOllCTBOHHbJe pe-
JIUrIJ03HhIM BepoBallllHM II panIJ;OJ3, or06pa-
ilwnhl U B naMHTHURax peJIUrIf03HOrO UC-
RycCTBa CKncpOB, OC06ClIIIO n:pHO - IIa
peJIbe<f>e H3 Tpex6paTHero RypraIIa.
1 TepenO:HCKUn A. H. PacKolIHH KypraHoD D 110-
JI,I1He p. MOJloqnoii B 1955 rOI\Y.- HCl1I1MH,
1956, BbIll. {j3, c. 70-71; TepenO:HCKUn A. H.
I\ypraB CTopomenaH MorllJla.- ApxcoJJOriH,.
1951, T. 5, c.183; lJepe(J/tu'i.cmw If. lI. Hyp-
raH anOXll UPOH:JbI OJII!3 r. PocToDa- na-
JJ,OHY.- I\CHA AH CCCP, 1969, DbIn. 115,
c. 86-88; Kyab.MUlW E. E. HaxollKll ROJIeC
B flMHbIX norpcGcHIIHx II nOllpoc ou ::JTHore-
He3e HHnOllpaHl\CD, llX pNIllfH03HbIX npcA-
CTaDJICHIIHX II COI.\I18JIloHOii CTpYKType.-
XV HaYR. Komp. IHCTllTYTY apXC01JOrii'.
Tp3If IIJIeHapIlHx i ceKl\iiiulIX uonoDilleii,
1972, c. 132-137,
2 renun? B. f/>., AUlUX.MUna Jl. 11. MOrHJIh-
HHK 9IIOXH UpOlI3bI Ha p. CBHTaJIITa.- AO
3a 1974 1'., 1975, c. 145.
3 C.MUpn08 ft. f/>. 0 IJOrpefielIllHX C KOHRMIf
II TpynocommeHnHX :mOXI! GpOH3b1 D HHJimeM
TIoDOJImbe.- CA, 1957, .M 27, c. 214-215.
I lJepe8nU'i.e/l.KO Ii. Ii. I\oJlenmJJ.bI EBpa3H.If
allOXll n0311Heii GpOH:'lbI.- B KH.: :.JHeOJIIfT
If 6pOH30Dblii DeK 'KpaI!HbI. I\HeB, 1976,
c. 135-149.
llempeHKo B. r. PacKolIKH 60JIhJIIOrO Rypra-
Ha B CT8DpOIJOJIbCKOM Kpae.- HODeiilUHe
OTI\pblTJfH CODeTCKlIX apxcollOroH (Te3. 1I0KJI.
Hayq. KOH<f>epeHIIH.II), 1975, 'I. 2, c. 12-13;
POCm08l1e6 M. H. AHTIf'lHaH lICIWpaTHDHaH
'KJIDOnHCh Ha lOre POCCHH. CTI(\, 1913, c. 47-
48; COKO./tbCKUU fl. H. )J,epPDooupa6aTblS3IOU\ee
peMeCllO B aHTH'IHbIX rocynapCTIJaX CCDep-
Hero TIpHqepHOMophH. M., 1971, c. 165. YKa-
saHHH Ha naXOllKH cnennaJIhHbIX IJorpeG8JIh-
HbIX KaTa4JaJIKOD B YJIbCKOM II HeJIepMeccKoM
RypraHax OCIIOBbIDalOTCH JIIIllib Ha HaXOllKax
HaBeplliIfii, KOTOpbJe MOrm! GblTb YKparne-
IJIIHMJ! II OB030K.
6 II amblUlee B. B. H3DeCTIIH lIpenHIIX llJ!caTe-
JIcii, rpCqeCI'llX H JIaTJ1HCKHX, 0 CKnqH1l111 I\an-
Ra3e. fpe'IeCKIfe mlCaTeJIH. CTI6., 1893-
1900, T. 1, c, 303. 309, 201, 523, 637.
AftCX;BUW - (<IJpOe3maTh Ha DOJIaX». l pen-
HerpeqecI\o-pyccmlii CJIOnaph IJOR pell.
C. II. C060JIeDCKoro. M., 1958, T. 1, c. 91.
7 llambllUee B. B. YRa3. CO'l., T. 1, c. 556.
S TaM me, c. 60, 120-121, 326, 513, 596.
9 Ta}! me, c. 60.
10 repo8om. HCTOpIffl, IV. 62.
11 )J,HOllOp CIfl\BJIIfiicRIfH. BIf6JIJIOTeRIf, XX, 22.
12 repo80m. HCTOpHH, IV, 69, 71, 73.
13 )J,peBHerpeqeeKO-PYCCKIfii CJJODapb, T. 1,
c. 90-91,
115
14 B i'\penrrCrpr'IeCItOM SI3bJRe 3TlfM TepMlfnOM
0603H3<IaJ13Cb 60CnaSI KOJIeCHlIlI;a - TPIlYM-
IJ!aJIbnaSI, cnHIlI;eHHaSI. )J,peDHerpe'leCKO-PYC-
CHllii CJIOnapb, T. 1, c. 236.
15 FepoDom, IV, 8. Bo nCSIKOM cJIytIae, nOD03-
Ka I'cpalwa 61JJIa 3aIJpmlWna IWHSIMU.
1 6 ,l(uoDop CUlfU./tUUCr;uu, XX, 25.
17 EOJlhIIIOC npHMeneHIIe Ha EocIJope KpbITIJX
ImOI1T1WIJOi'\OOHbIX jl\lInamcii OTpamaeT, O'le-
BI1)J,HO, BJIrIHImO CKlliflcKoir CTecm. Cor;o./tb-
cr;uii ll. H. J CPCBOOOpaOaTWIJalOlC(ee peMl'C;JO
D aHTII'IHbIX rocYJrapCTDax Ccnepnoro ITpll-
qepJIO lOpbSI. M., 1970, c. 170.
18 !Iamb/wee B. B. YKa3. CO'l., c. 629.
19 TaM mc, c. 559-560.
20 J I'C. ClTo, 1872, BbIJI. 2, c. 44-47, aJlbOOM,
Ta6JI. XXIV, 1, 2; XXV, 3, 4.
21 l(I'C. cao, 1866, nbIlJ. 1, c. 8, aJlb60M,
Ta6JI. II, 6; III, 1-4; IV, 1-4. TaK rra3bI-
DaOMhIe YKpalIlC'ITHH IJorpCOaJIbIJOrO HopTema
IJpCJ\CT3BJISIIOT 1I0nOJll>HO OIJpC.rrOJIcHHbIe rra-
GOpbI y"pa mCHllii 03 TpoyrOJIbnbIX II Kpyr-
JlbIX OJ!HX, npOIl1l3ci'r, HaBepnlHiL 0 HaXO)J,Kax
;JTIIX KOMIIJICKCOB CM. M030JteeCbr;uu B. M.
TOBCTa MorllJIa. K., 1979, c. 113-120,
170-175. MomHo IlpellnOJI01HIITb If X Ha.
3Ha'ICHlfe D Ka'lOCTBe YHparrrcHlIii Tpayp-
HMX KOJIeCHIII\. H3BecTHbI i'\na CJIytIaH,
Imr.rra 01111 6bIJlII 06HapymeIIbI Ha nblKIli'\e
IlorpeoeHllii, cOi'\epmanIllllx HaXOi'\IIII '1acTeii
IlOlloaOK - DIlYCKHblC rlOrpcocHlISI fauMa-
nOlJou: H TOJICTOH MorlfJl.
22 D;fC, DhJIl. 2, c. 79-81. He IIcK.'1IO'IeHO, '!TO
OCTaTKH lICpeBSIHHoil: IlOB03Im ObIJI!.I BO DXOll-
Hoii HMe, ri'\e H. E. 3a6eJIIIH OTMe'laeT no
CTellIlaM lIepeDSIHHble 6pYCbSI C meJIe3HbIMII
cI\06IIaMII If OCTaTKIf pacKpameHHoro JJ,epe-
BHHHoro rpooa (?). Ta 1 me, c. 91.
23 TepenoJ/CKun A. ll. CKII<PCKllii IlypraH B r. Me-
JllfTOIJOJIe.- KCHA, AH YCCP, 1955,
BhIIl. 5, c. 23 II CJI.
!4 M 030./te6cr;uu B. H. HypraH TOJICTaSI MorHJla
OJlll3 r. 0pAmOHHKlfi'\3e Ha YKpaIlHe.- CA,
1972, .M 3, c. 296, pIle. 31.
HaY'lHbIii ap:mB HA AH YCCP, .M 1969-
1970/37a. PaCKOllIlII B. H. Elf1l3HJI!.I.
26 YCTnoe CooolC(cnIle Ha'IaJIbHIIKa 3Kcrrei'\lI-
I\1f1f I-I. H. qepCi'\HH'IeHKO.
27 TepenoJ/CKun A. if., lJ./tbunCr;aR. B. A., rJep-
1I.enr;0 E. B., M030./te6cr;uii B. H. CKII<pcKHe
KypraHbI HnKOIJOJlbilllIHbI.- B KH.: CKII<P-
CKlle ApeBHOCTH. KlleD, 1973, c. 157-158.
28 BiiJ3i./tR. B. I. D;ocJIillmeHHSI faHMaHODOI
MOfIlJlH. - ApXeOJIoriSI, 1971, .M 1,
c. 46.
29 Mo.70./teecr;uu B. H. H,ypraH TOJlCTaH Mo-
rima..., c. 297.
30 HayqHbIii apXIID HA AH ¥CCP, oM 1976/5.
31 D;rc, nrJIJ. 1, c. 21.
32 CM. CT. O. H. ITpHDaJIOBOH:, H. n. 3apaii:c-
KOM, A.l1. ITpllBMona B HaCTOJIIC(e.M c60pHHKe.
116
33 OAH 3a 1913-HJ15 rr. ITr., 1918, c. 153,
155, pIle. 236.
34 OAK 3a 1913-1915 rr., c. 151-153, pHC. 235.
35 Pocm0811 e8 M H AHTUQHa.Sl )J:eJ\opaTJfBHR.SI
mHnOIlIICb..., c. 51-52, POCm06l{ee M. H.,
CKn$uSI II EOCIJop. JI., 1925, c. 373; lI.eema-
eea r. A. COHpOnllll.[a Ilpll'lCpHOMOpCKUX
KypranOD. M., 1968, c. 81.
36 OAI\ 3a 1912 r. ITr., 1916, c. 51, plfC. 66.
37 llanno-){a/lu./te6cKUU A. C. l(pcmroCTIf KYp-
raHa I{aparOi'\eyaIllx.- MAP, 1894, nbIIl. 13,
c. 8. '
38 C.ltUpnoea K. lP. EbIHOnCI(Jre KypranbI.-
MIlA, 1960, .M 78, c. 260-261; HoamH II. M.
o capMaTcKHx IJOD03Hax.- MHA, 1969,
oM 169, c. 92-95.
39 M030JteeCbr;Ull B. M. I\ypraH To.'JCTaSI Moru-
JIa..., c. 73-74.
40 Bu8.1ll./tR. B. lJ. OT'IeT 0 paooTax CCRCpO-
POraqlfKCKOlr mCIlelllIr\I1If J1A AH YCCP
3a In69-70 rr.- HaY<JHbIu apxIID HA AH
YCCP, N! 1969-1970/37.
41 B UO.1U./tR. B. lJ. CHIf<pcmlii KypraH «Ha30n-
HaSI MorIIJIa».- B KH.: HODeiiIlme OTIlpLlTIIH
COBCTCrlI!X apxcOJlOron. HueD, 1975, 'I. 2,
c. 16-17.
42 J(fC, DbIIJ. 1, c. 15-20.
43 P y8enr;0 C. H. HYJlbTypa HaCeJIeHIISI fopHoro
AJlTaSI D CKII<pcKoe DpeMSI. M. - JI., 1953,
c. 173, 232--235.
U QUT. IlO: KY3 /.lI1I.a E. E. PacIlocTpaHeHue
_ KOHeDOp;CTBa, c. 37-38.
45 Py8enr;0 C. 1f. YKa3. CO'l., c. 147.
46 Cor;o./tbCKUll H. H. YKa3. CO'l., c. 164-170.
47 C.Mupnoe K. lP. EbIKODCKue IlypraHbI, C. 261.
48 JIerKlle IlOD03KII, 3aIlpSImeHnbIe DOJlaMU, 06-
HapymeHbI, HaIlplfMep, D JlIIla'leHCK!.IX KYP-
raHax :JrroxlI n0311Heii 6pOH31J B 3allaDKa3be.
MHat.{aKa/{J1/{ O. A. JIma'leHCKIfe lIypraHbI.-
HCH A AH CCCP, BbIIJ. 85, 1961, c. 69.
49 Tepe11OJICK1U£ A. lJ., H AbUHCKaJl B. A. U i'\p.,
YKa;j, CO<I., c. 157-158.
50 Fep080m. l1CTOpIlH. IV, 69.
1 TepenoJ/Cr;ul£ A. ll. CKH<PCKIIH: KypraH B r. Me-
JlJITOIlOJle, c. 29, 30.
52 KOJ/Cun n. M. YKa;J. CO'l., c. 93.
03 $po./toea N. A. MOHeTbI CKII<pcHoro lI;apSI
CKlfJIypa.- CA, 1964, .M 1, c. 44-45. 1130-
6paaICHHSI IWJICC UMCIOTCSI Ha peBepce MOHeT
::hmnaKa, IlplIHai'\JIeamOCTb KOTOpblX CKIf<jJ-
CKIIM lI;apml He IICKJIIO'ICna. K apblUlKOIJCKUU
n. O. MOHeTbI C Hai'\IJIICbrO EMINAKO-
CA, 1960, .M 1, c. 179-195, plfC. 1-2.
4 Beccoltoea C. C., KUPUAUH 11.. C. Hallrp06.
HbIH peJIbe4J :03 Tpex6paTHero KypraHa.-
B KH.: CKII<PbJ If capMaTbI. KifeR, 1977,
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S. Casson M. A. Macedonia. Thrace and
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Bene8uKoe. lJ. TpaKuikKaTa KOJleCHIfLT.a, Co-
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6 ConO/lbC/>Ull fl. fl. YKa3. CO'!., c. 170. r
67 M accolt B. 1'.1. :1lwHOMIma H COIJH3JII.IIhIii
CTpOM lIpeDHHX o(jIl ecTB. JI., 1976, c. f{i5-
166.
8 repofJom. HCTOPUR, IV, 72. OOmMplIbJM
CpaDHJ.lTeJIbHbI i MaTepHaJI H3 OOJIaCTlI HHlIoeB-
\ poneiicKHx KyJIbTOB II MJ.lq,OJIOfllJ.l eM.: Kyab-
.MUlta E. E. I\ OHb }J peJIIITl1H J.I HCKYCCTBe CKn-
q,OB M caKOD. - B KH.: CKUq,bJ II CapMaTbJ.
HHCB, 1977, c. 96-119.
9 OceTHHclmc HapTcKHe CKaa3HmI. ilepeBoll
D JIHTepaTypHoii oopa60TKe 10. JI:06ellMHCKO-
roo M., 1949, c. 129.
60 J( lO.MeaU.I!b }j(. OceTMHCI<n ii :moc n MHq,OJIO-
rHR. H CCJIellOBaIIlHI no CPOJIbKJIOPY :0 MHtPO-
JIorHM BOCTOKa. M., 1976, c. 68-76.
61 C.MUp1t06 [(. lP. CaBpOMaTbJ. M., 1964, c. 251.
62 (/>peuoen6epe O. M. il03TlIKa clOmen n maHpa.
ilepllol\ aHTllqHoii JUITepaTypbJ. JI., 1936,
c. 209-211.
63 (/>pauoelt6 pe O. M. YKa3 COq., c. 211,214.
64 Tpe6ep K. B. )J,peDHenpaHCK:oii TepMIIH parna
(It Donpocy 0 COlJnaJIbHQ-B03paCTHbJX rpyn-
nax).- 113B. AH CCCP, cep. HCT. n tPlIJIo-
COq,MH, 1947, .M 1; Hyab.MUlta E. E. HOHb
D peJIufI!lI n nCKyccTBe..., c. 113. Hei\aBI!O
OTI\pbITO KOJIeCOIJUlIlIOe B nJI3He CBRTI1JIMIIle
arJlblHcI\Oii "YJIhTYPI (V-III BIJ. )(0 II. ».)
IJ YJIYI'- XOPYMC; I'pa'l. A.).(. (peBlleiimJle
J\OqeDHmm JllJeUTpe kmn. M., 1980,
c. 62-65, jJ]wall. II, pile. 71-72.
6 l/Orange II. P. Studies on the Iconography
of Cosmic Kingship in the Ancient World.
Oslo, 1953, c. 56-58, fig. 32-34.
66 Ibid., p. 41, fig. 16 and 19; (/>pau P. HacJIe-
line HpaHa. M., 1972, pile. 91.
67 L'Orange, op. cit., p. 60, fig. ;)6.
6B Widengren G. Eschatology. Iran. In: Encyc-
lopedia of World Art, v. IV. New York,
Toronto, London, 1961, p. 809.
69 Ibid.
70 llanno-I(anIMe6c"uu A. C. HypraH I\apa-
rOlleyamx. MAP, BbIn. 13, Cil6, 1894, Ta6JI.
III, 1.
71 Perrot G. et. Chipiez Ch. Histoire de l' art
dans !'antiquite. Paris, 1885, v. 3, p. 612
et 61G; flam ann K. Geschichtc del' Kunst.
Berlin, 1955, hd. 1, s. 652, ahb. 667.
72 Tpe8ep K. B. l peDHenpaIICKlIii TepM:OR
«parna», c. 73-84.
I.
73 rJepeOltU'lelt"O IT. H. HOJIeClmI bI EBpa3nn
:mOXH n03L1Heii 6pOIl3bJ, c. 135 H CJI.
74 Kysb.MUna E. E. I\OHh B peJIIIrnn n nCRYCCTDC
... c. 113. MOlleJIbIO ROJIeCHOro :mnnama
MOfKHO Cql1TaTh 3Tpyccmlii B03OI( Ha qeTbIpeX
KOJlCCaX H3 lJeHTpa.TlhHorO norpe6eHMH I\yp-
raHa COJIOX3 (OAH 3a 1912 I'. ilr., 1916,
c. 44), KOTOpbIH, CYlIR 110 HTaJlHiicKHM anaJIO-
r:OIIM, MOl' MCHOJIb30BaTbCII KaK mepTBCH-
HlIR. KOJicun n. M. YKa3. COq., c. 42. It TOi1
me cepHH mepTBeHHIIKoD B DHl\e nJIaTq,opMbJ
Ha qCTbJpCX KOJJecax MOJI\HO OTIIeCT:O 30JIOTbJe
cephrn n3 capMaTCKMX H KaBI<a3CKHX KOM-
nJIeKCOB V D., 110 H. 3., cxeMaTH'IeCK:O If306pa-
m31OIll,lIe ll{epTBeHHIIK co CTORII\I1MIf IIa HHX
lIByMII DCai\mmaMlI HJlH JlOm3)lbMH. Eepxun-
3aceq"aJ! II. n., M a.l!06ul+"a.R ll. JI. Eora-
Toe capMaTCJWe norpe6eHIIe B ACTp3XancJwii
OOJI3CTH.- CA, 1965, M 3, c. 143 H CJI.,
pHC. 8. B03Mollmo, TaKHe nOD03I\H-)'I\epTBCHHII-
Rn IfMlITHpOBaJIH CToJI6w C nOJIOBHHKaMH KO-
JIec :0 HacamCHHbIMJ.! Ha H:OX BcalllIHKaM:O Ha
nOMnHaJIhHbIX 06PRlIax D '1eCTb CK:oljJCKllx
lJapeii rrepooom, IV, 72).
7:; It TaKoMy IJbJDOllY npHxolllIT HCCJIPI\ODaTeJIU
OTHOCHTe.1bHO nOB030K B IJorpe6eHJlIIx pa3-
JInqHbIX I\yJIbTYP 3Toro DpeMeHH. COKOllb-
cKuull. If. Y"a3. co'!., c. 267; PYUe1tKO C. If.
YKa3. COq., c. 171; Belte{)uKoe If. YI\33. COq.,
c. 240; C;M.upltoe K. (/>. EbJIWDCKHC J(ypraHbI,
c. 261.
76 Ta mc 3aKoHoMepHocTb Ha6JIIOI\aeTCR :0 B Ha-
XOllKax TaK ua3bIBaCMbIX «yKpameHHii 1I0rpe-
OaJIhHoro KOpTeJI\8». B Tex CJIy'!aRx, Iwrl\a
nOJI norpeoeHHoro y.r\aeTCII YCTaHODI1Th, 3TH
Ha60pbJ Bcerlla OKa3bIBalOTCII CBRa3IIHbIMIf C
norpc6em1RMH meHI/\IIB. M 030lle6CbKUU B. M.
TODCTa MOfMJla. IC, 1979.
77 CTapmalI SlUIa. ilOe311I\3 BplOHlIeXHJIhll D
XeJIJIb. M.-JI., 196;:), C. 125.
78 POcnlo8l{e8 /&1 H. AHTff4H8.H !l.en OpaTBBHafl
JI,MBOIIIICh Ha lOre POCCHH, c. 51 -52.
79 Beccoltoea C. C., KUpU./tult 1(. C. YKaa. CO'l.,
c. 135-136.
80 llanno-J!.altUIle6CKUU A. C. YKaa. CO'l.,
Ta6.'!. 11/, 1.
8 n empenKo B. r. H306pameII:Op 60rnIJII Hmnp
113 KypraHa B CTaDpOnOJIbe.- RCHA, BbIn .162,
c. 15-19,
,.
Jl. C. If.llo'tno
HOBbIE MATEPIIAJILI
K PEI\OHCTPYKL J;IH rOJIOBHOrO
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o il\eUCRlIX rOJiOHHhIX y60pax. Y MHornx
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nOCTonHCTBa 1, UMeJIH MarllqeCROe 3Ha-
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GmlllfI\H II:.! llCpTO:\IJlbma, BepXHero Po-
l'a'llllia, ){YJIb-OGbl, IIJlaCTllIJa 113 l\apa-
roneyamxa, aJIeI;CaUnpOnOJIbCKne 6JIHxn.
lIM I1hJ,IJ,CJICIIbl TpU THIIa mCHCKIIX y60pOB:
1) ROl«)!IIlIlII(; 2) OCTpOKOIIeqHblii; 3) MHT-
pa. !{ COa;aJIeIilIIO, aBTOp OCHOHblBaJi CHOll
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ihOT HOnOCTaTOK B pa60Te II. R. CTena-
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rOJIOIlIlblX YOOPOB B HeCHOJIbKO rpynn II
gJIH RamAoii OTBeAeno onpeAeJIeHHOe .Me-
118
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CTOBl(eHbIM KaTeropuu I10nTHepil,neHbI ap-
xeOnOrlI'Ieel\llMH MaTepnaJIaMll. M. 11. Po-
CTOBI\eB II II. !{. CTenaHoB BIIepnble npon-
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pOH. 110 MaTepllaJIaM PbJil\aHOHCRoro II
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neJla KaR OCTpOKOHe'lHaH llIanHa, corny-
TaH non yrJloM TaK, '1TO C60I{y OHa nanOMll-
lIaJIa KaJIacp. HUIKHHH OKPY"\HOCTb y60pa
paBua oGxnaTY rOJIOBbI, a HCPXHHH-
30-40 CM 6. BepXHllll Kpaii y60pa YKpa-
meH DOnHeCKa!l!H Ha cToHKax, MP}l{ny KO-
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Ke: nepBhIH pH (CJIeBa HarrpaBO) - Cll H-
m;HH CKHq" rpllq,OH, Mop a XHrn;HHKa 1\0-
ma1JheH rropO hI, u yrn;HH CKHq" TpU mIa-
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CKHq" MopJJ;a XHrn;HHKa KOIIla1JheH rropo)J.hI,
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eM H yrn;ero CKHq,a, Mop a XIIrn;HHKa KO-
ma1JheH IIOpO hl. B TpeTbeM PH Y: CH H-
rn;Ull CKHq" Mop a XHrn;HUKa KOma1JneH
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C H306pail\eHlleM 6eryrn;ero 3aHu;a, CHJ1,H-
rn;Ull CKHq,. lJeTBepThIll pH (6JIHmKH Jle-
maJIH Ha 1JepeIIOM, B 20 C I OT Hero):
CBepHYBIIIHiicH rpuq,OH, H306paiKeHue KO-
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rn;UH CKHq" 6eryrn;UH 3aHQ, Cll).l,Hrn;HH
CKllq" 6erym,UH aaHQ. Em;e Tpll 6JIHIIIKU
125
JICiIWT Ha paCCTOHHIIII 45 CM OT 'IepelIa:
llJIaCTIIHKa C 11300pamcHllcM CIIARrn:ero
CKJI(pa II J(BC - C 11306pamcHllcM 6cryrn:e-
I'D 3aiiQa. TIRTb 6JIRmCK JICiRaJIII 3a 'ICpC-
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UJIRIIIRaMU, HaiiAeHHhIMU IIOl( 'ICpCIIOM.
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'ICpTcmy, COCTaBJIRIOT CJ(IIHOC QeJIOC, a
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'!CpCIIa, TaRme IIpllMbIKaIOT I\ TpcTbeMy
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mCK, BO BTOpOM - 15, B TpCTbCM - 17.
PaccToRHIIC MCiKJ(Y pRJ(aMII 3,5 CM, a
MCiI\P.Y OJIRmI\aMII 3-5 MM. XapaKTCp
pa3BaJIa y60pa CBIIJ(CTCJIbCTByeT a TOM,
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B BCpXHUX pRllax). ECJIII yqCCTb orOBO-
peHHbIC npC,lJ,IIDCbIJIKU, TO peKOHCTpYII-
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BepXHIIH - 20, BbICOTa - OKOJIO 20 CM.
TIOCJIC nOCCTaHOBJICHIIR ropU30HTaJIb-
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pa3ncpTRa pCKOHCTpYllponaHHoro y60pa
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HIIKa I\oIIIaqbCii 1I0pO,lJ,bI, IIJ(Yrn:ero CRuq,a,
Tpll IIJIaCTIIHI\JI C 11306pamCHUCM 6cryrn:c-
1'0 3allIW; B KOHQC pRJ(a - 6JIRIIIKU C u306-
paiRCHIIHMII IIAyrn:cro CRllq,a, Xllrn:HIIKa
RDIIIaqhCii IIOpO,lJ,LI, lI,lJ,yrn:cro CKuq,a. Bo
BTOpDM PRJ(Y CJICJ(YIOrn:nH IIOpRllOK:
6JIHIIIRa C 11306pamCHIICM MOpJ(hI xllrn:HIIRa
KOIllaqbCll llOpOJ(hI, CIIJ(Rrn:uii CKllq" IIJ(Y-
rn:IIM CRllq" 6crYrn:uii 3aRQ, ABC IIJIaCTUHKU
126
C 11306pameHnCM II.IJ;yrn:ero CInIcpa, MopJ(a
xurn:HuKa KaIlla qbeii 1l0pOJ(bI, 6erYIIiuii
3aRQ, MopJ(a xllrn:HuKa Koma'Ibeii IIOpOJ(hI,
ABe IIJIaCTUm\JI C u306pamenueM uAyrn:era
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HalIJa'lbeii llOpOAbI. B TpcnCM PRAY:
u306pameHIIR CIIJ(Rrn:ero CRllcpa, MOp) a
xllrn:HIIRa KOma'lbeii IIOPO){bI, ClIp,RII cra
CKllcpa, TpU IIJIaCTIIHKU C 11306pameHlleM
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<pa, 6eryrn:ero 3aMQa, xllrn:HIIKa ROmaqbCii
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II BHOBb - CII.IJ;Hrn:ero CKII<pa.
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pamalorn:lle CTllJIU30BaHHYIO MOpJ(Y XH-
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pa 3HaTllOll CRllcpHHRll, rrorpe6eHHoii B
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Pile. 7. <DpanieHTFoI rOJIOBHOrO yoopa (1) '113
Kyprana M 4 (rrorpc6cHIIC M 3) B ypOq. HocaKII
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pOBCI\OM 06JIaCTell:, H30GpameHue Ha neK-
TOpaJHIX H3 BOJIhmOII BJIH3HHQbI H TOJI-
CTOM MOrIIJILI). I1HTepecHYIO HHTepnpeTa-
J. IIIO CIOFI\eTa «OXOTbI Ha 3aiiQa)} npe JIo-
a\llJIa E. E. RY3hMHHa, npHBO)];H JIH pac-
}(PhITIIH CO)];epmaHHH Ha pTCKoe CKaaamm
«0 HapTe XaMbIu,e, 6eJIOM 3aMu,e H CbIHe
XaMLIlW - BaTpaae)} 35. OCHOBHhle Bexu
norD CKa3aHHH - OXOTa repOH XaMbH a Ha
3all:u,a, KOTOphIM HBJIHeTCH npeBpaTIIBJUeu-
CH B nmBOTHoe )];OqepbIO 60ra BO)]; ,IJ;OH-
BeTypa. OHa Ha6HpaeT Xa1>lhIu,a CBOHM
meHHXOM. 01' 6paKa XaMblu,a H OqepH
,IJ;oH-BeTypa PO)];IIJICH repOM BaTpaa. He-
ROTO phle HCCJIe OB aTeJIH BH)];IIT CXO)];C TBO
CIOiReTOB HapTCRoro CKaaaHHH H paCCRa3a
fepO)];OTa 0 npOIICXOm)];eHIIH CKH<pOB 36.
ITo MHeHHIO E. E. RyahMHHOll:, cu,eHa OXO-
TbI Ha 3auu,a npe)];CTaBJIHeT «eIlJ,e O)];HY
TpaKTOBKY ,noro nonYJIHpHeMmero croiKe-
Ta, B KOTOpOM nepenJIeTeHbI KYJIhThI npc)];-
KOB, IIJIO OPO)];.IIH H BO bV} 37. B HapTOB-
CKOM CRaaaHHH repOll: .11306pameH Ha KO-
He, a B KOMnoaHu,HU, BbICTpOeHHOll: no Ma-
128
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JIa,- «CI\H<J! lI)];ym;Ull:)}. 31'0 06CTOIITeJIhCT-
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OCM
PIIC. 8. <fJparMC'llTbI lWTCKOro yoopa (1)
113 KypraHa M 16 (norpcoaJIJ,noe
coopymeuue M 3) Y C. 3JI aTOIlOJIb II: oro
peKoHcTpYI,II;IfH (2).
nJIaCTHHI\C .113 RYJIh-06bl H Ha ..n;HCI\C
AMy)];aphHHCKoro I\JIa)];a. Ho, eCJIU ITpe -
nOJIO}RIlTh, qTO 31'0 OTJIHqHe He OTpamaeT-
CH Ha CO)];epiKaHlIH KOMIT03In UH (ceMaH-
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iReM rOBopHTh 0 CBH3U Bcex MOTHBOB,
HB.'1IIIOIlJ,IIXCH 3.'1CMCIITaMH )];CIWpa rOJIOB-
Horo y60pa iIWHIlJ,IIHbI, IIorpe6cHHOll B
Ra3eHHoii MorHJJe, C KYJJhTOM ITJIO OPQ-
)];HH H 0 «caKpaJIhHOU)} <PYHK HU y60pa.
06 :n0ll: <PYHKU,IfH, IWK 0 rJIaBHOM B )];aH-
HOM CJIyqae, CBII)];eTc.'1bCTByeT Hero <pop-
Ma - I,aJI a<p 38.
IIHTepeCHLI rOJIOBHble y60pbI ..n;eBOqeR
meCTH-ceMH JIeT, Hall:)];eHHbIX B )];BYX IIO-
rpe6eHlIHx B 3aITOpOiI\be.
B KypraHe .N 1 1 (ITorpe6eHHe .M 3), B
ypOq. HocaRH 39 Ha rOJIOBe YMepmeM
)];eBOqI\H 06HapYiI\eH y60p, OqeBH)];HO,
CITJIomh YKpameHHbIll: MeJIKIIMH ITaCTOBbI-
MH mapo06pa3HbIMH 6ycaMH I\OpHQHeBOro
u,BeTa. Ha caMoii BepmHHe yoopa aaKpeIT-
JIeHO 6poH30Boe KOneqKO HaMeTpOM
1,5 CM, a ITO)]; HHM - KpYIIHaH naCTOBaH
6ycHHa TaKoro me pa3Mepa, qTQ U KOJIhQO.
OTBepCTHCM 6yclIHa 06 pam:eHa I{ IWJIb-
I Y - O'lenlI).(HO, OHO KpenHJIOCb HUTKOU:
CI\BO;Jb OTnepCTHe 6YCHHbI H caMOllIY y60-
py. B nepxHeii tIaCTlI y60pa - HaH60JIb-
mee qlICJIO 6yc, CY).(H no O'IepTaHlIIO HX
pacrrOJIOmeHHH, rOJIOnHOU: y60p lIMeJI Ha
BepI!llme ne60J!billoe KyrrOJI006pa3Hoe
paCIUlIpeHue C IWHUqeCIWU: BepXYUlKOll.
HUlInIHH 'laCTb y60pa YHpameHa MeJIKlIMlI
pa3HOL\nCTHblMll 6ycaMH (plIC. 7, 1, 2).
KaH nlI).(lIM, y60p ).(eBOqKlI B ).(aHHOM
CJIyqae ).(OBOJIbHO cnoe06pa3eH - OCTpO-
IWHeqHblll, C I,ynOJI006pa3Hoii Bepxym-
R9M. BblcoTa ero OKOJIO 20 CM. qYTb HlI)Ke
RpaH rOJIOBHOrO y60pa, B).(OJIb 'lepena C
npanoH CTOpOHbl, lI).(YT ).(na pH).(a YI{pame-
HlIH. COCTOHrr lIX lI3 n;nyx 30JIOTblX Tpy6-
qaTbIX npoHlf30I\ II 30JIOTbiX nyronOK.
,n;JIlIHa pH).(OB YI,pameHHii 15 CM, npOCn€T
MelR).(y HHMH 2 CM. OIlU MOrJIlI YKpallIaTb
JIeHTbI, cnlIcaBmne C rOJIOnHOro y60pa.
C JIenOH CTOpOHbI qeperra TaIm,e OCTaJIIlCb
<ppa rMeHThI TaKlIX YI\pameHlIil y60pa.
IIoxollilIll rOJIOnHOU: y60p HaU:).(eH B
KypraHe N 16 (rrorpe6eHlIe .M 3) y c. 3JIa-
TorrOJ!b 40. AeBO'lKa meCTu-ceMll JIeT no-
rpe6cHil B HapH).(e, YKpameHHoM 6ycaMJl.
fOJIOBHOH y60p pacmlIT HeCKOJIbKHMH ).(e-
CHTI\aMH naCTonbIX 6yc. OHll pa3Mem:a-
JIHCb BOKpyr B nlI).(e HOHyca, OCTpblM yr-
JIOM HBepxy. BblcoTa KOHyca OROJIO 20 CM.
PacrrOJIOmeHHe 6 yc .u qeTRO «lJlIKclIpyeT
OCTJ>OKOHeqHYIO «lJOPMY y60pa, nOqTU
lI).(eHTlI'lHYIO HocaKOBCKOMY (pRC. 8, 1, 2).
qeTIWH q,lIKCaL\lIH n norpe6eHlIHx ).(eT-
CRllX rOJIOnHbIX y60pon HnJIHeTCH e).(HHCT-
BeHHblM lICTOqHlIIWM ).(JIH lIX peIWHCTpYK-
L\HR, TaK HaH no R306pameHRHM OHH He
U3neCTHbI. KaK BlI).(RM, ).(eTCKne y60pbl
lIMeIOT «lJOPMY, cnoiicTneHHYIO II iKCHCRBM,
HO COCTan y"pameHIIll conepmeHHo OTJIB-
qeH 01' meHCKllX IWMIIJIeKTon: pa3HOQneT-
Hble 6YCbI, BepoHTHo, cnH3aHbI C onpe).(e-
JIeHHOU: ClIMnOJIUKoll.
PaCCMOTpeHHbIe MaTeplIaJIbI HeMHoro-
qnCJIeHHbI, HO n03nOJIHIOT c).(eJIaTb HeK()-
TOpbTe BbTBO)];bI. npOCJIeif\lInaIOTCH CO-
HaJIbHble pa3JIHqHH n «lJopMe u xapaKTepe
YKpameHHll rOJIOBHbIX y60pon (n pH)].OBOM
9 1-,1058
3axopOHeHHH RypraHa .M 13 BO<D MHHII-
MaJlbHOe KOJIH'ICCTno 30JIOTbIX YKpame-
HlIU:, «lJopMa OTJIll'IHa 01' nbICORHX RaJIa«lJoB
60raTbIX CKlI«lJHHOI\). Ha6mo).(aeTcH 60JIb-
moe pa3Ho06pa3lIe ).(elwpa melICKlIX ro-
JIOBHblX y60pon: 60raTCTBO cromeToB H
«lJoPM 6JIHmeK, OTCYTCTnlIe e).(HHoro CT<m-
AapTa B ux pa3MeII:(eHHll Ha rOJIOnHblX
y60pax. no ncen nepOHTHOCTH, cym,eCTno-
naJIU H B03paCTHbie oc06eUHOCTlI B COCTane
YRparnaIOllI,HX lI3).(eJIlIii - 6YCbI, 6lIcep
B AeTCKHX ROMnJIeHTaX YKpameHHii, 30JIO-
TbIe 6JIHmKU B 3axopoHeHlIlI B3pOCJIbIX.
I JIunc 10. ITpoIfcxomlleUHe Bemeii. 1I3 HCTOpHH
HYJIbTYPbI '1eJIOBe'leCTDa. M., 1954, c. 67.
2 Beuc r. BHenmnll ObIT HapOllOD C lIpeDHeii-
mero 110 HamIfX BpeMeH. M., 1875-1879,
c. 38, 148, 194; pRC. 28, 6.
3 JIswynofia P. r. 0 npOIfCX01HlIemm ofipIJlIo-
BblX YOOPOB aJIeYTOB.- B KH.: ITepnoobITHoe
RCKYCCTBO.- HOBOCIIOIlpCH, 1976, c. 157.
, Cmenaltoe II. Ii. IICTopHIJ PyccKoi1 Ollemllbl.
II r., 1915, Bbln. 1, c. 15-40.
Pocmoelfee 1\11. lJ., Cmenanofl H. K. 3JImmo-
CKH<f>CKIfu rOJIOBUOU. yoop.- HAH, BIoIU. 63,
c. 69.
B TaM me, c. .100.
7 TaM me, c. 99.
8 Bop08Ka r. R. jHCHCIHW rOJlOnHFoIe yfiopbI
qepTOMJlbII\KOrO R)"praHa.- HPAHMI\, 1921,
T. 1, c. 169.
U TaM me, c. 182.
10 ITeTpeHRO B. r. IlpalJoocpr)[\be CpeJ!IIcru
ITpTIlIHenpoBbH B V-II I un. J!O u. a.- CAll.
1967, JJ. 1-4, c. 28; lfAbllnCKaft B. A_. CHII<fJFoI
)J,HeIIpoBcRoro JIecOCT()J[Horo J]rDotJepC){lbH,:
1\., 1968, c. 136; ()lLaUKO Il. A. AIITU'IHbIl!
IIMnopT R IlpRlIHenpollbe II Ilooymbe B IV-
II BB. 110 H. a.- CAll, HJ70, )J, 1-27, c. 39.
rpaK08 B. II. CHH<PbI. M., 1971, c. 104.
11 JIecKOf/ O. M. CKapon KyprauiB XCpCOIIIIJ;IfHH.
I\., 1974, c. 96.
12 M030AeecbKuu B. H. TOBcTa Monma. IC,
1979, c. 198--210.
13 IA.AiltCbl;a B. A. 30JIOTi npllHpac" cRicpCbHO-
ro apxa'i'lHoro y60py.- ApxeoJIoriH, 1971,
oM 4, c. 73.
U Cmerfianu JI. I\ep'lerrCKIIe lIpeBHOCTH B HMne-
paTopcHoM 8pMuTame.- BbiU. 1. fp06HHIJ,a
mpUl\bl )J,e}WTpbI. Cn6., 1873, c. 6-8, TaOJI. II;
Apma...wnoe M. H. COKpollmna cRncpCI(RX
HypraUOB. JIeHHHrpall - Ilpara, 1966, Ta6JI.
178, 186, 189, 230, 234, 235, 267, 273,308.
Af an1leeu", A. ,7. 0 IIJIaCTnHe R3 Rypr rra
I\aparoAeyamx.- AC8, 1964, M 6, c. 12u-
138.
129
1 M()TOllRKa RonCTpYHpODaHHH rOJIODHbIX y60-
pOD. POCTOD-Ha- ony, 1974, c. 9.
16 If./tbUltCKaR. B. A. CKHlPbI l nenpoBcKoro JIeco-
CTennoro J HenpoBcKoro JIeD06epembH,
c. 136; nempenKo B. r. TIpaDoGepembe Cpell-
Hero IIpHAnenpODhH, c. 28.
17 TepeltOJ/CKult A. If., If./tbUltCKan B. A., rJep-
lteHKO E. B., M oao.!te8cKuU B. 1/. CKH!jJcKHe
HypraHbI HHKOnOJIbII\HHbI.- B KH.: CKH<p-
CKlie lIpeDHocTH. HHeD, 1973, c. 161-164.
18 TaM me, pHC. 42.
19 Cmenaltoe n. II. MCTOpHJI PYCCKOH OlleJR,ll,bI,
c. 30.
20 TaM me, c. 17, 20.
21 OltaiiKO JI. A. AHTpono lOp!jJnbIe 11306pameIIHH
B MeoTo-cKH!fJcKoii TopeBTHKe.- B HH.: Xy-
nOiImCTDPnnaH KYJIbTypa II apxeo.TJOI'I1H
aIlTl1qnoI'O MKpa. M., 1976, c. 166, 168.
22 Apma.MOlt08 M. If. YKa3. CO'l., c. 58, 59,
Ta6R. 234, 235, 300.
23 PyiJenKo C. If. fopnOa,TlTaHCKHe HaXOllKH
II CHmpbJ. M.- JI., 1952, c. 106.
24 Cmenalt08 n. II. MCTOplIH PYCCHOH op:emllbI,
c. 5, 6, 24.
2. OT'leT 3anopomCKoii BKCnellHl\HH 3a 1969-
1970 rr.- HayqHbIH apxHD I\HPDcJ\oro MH-
CTHTY'ra apXeOJIOrliH AH YCCP, 1970/4.
26 rpaKoe B. 11. YKa3. CO'l., Ta6JI. XIV; Apma-
.MOltoe M. If. YHa3. CO'l., Ta6JI. 230, 234,
300.
27 PyoenKo C. If. YKa3. CO'l., c. 115.
28 l.it",iltCbKa B. A. CKi!jJcbKa DY311a VI CT.
110 H. e.- ApxeoJIoriH, 1961, T. 13, c. 56;
IIy.%.Jotulta E. E. 0 ceMaHTHJ\p 11306pameHHH
H8 lJepTOMJIbIl(J\OR Baae. - CA, 1976, M 3,'
c. 70.
28 BUO.1U,/IJ/. B. If. OT'IeT 3anopomcKoH BKcne-
lIHI IIH 3a 1973 rOll.- HayqHbIl1 apXIfB
HHcTHTYTa apXeOJIOrHH AH YCCP, 1974/10,
c. 60.
30 BuiJau./tJ1. B. If. OT'IeT 3anopomCIWH BKcne-
lIJ1.IJ,Jl.H 38 HJ73 ron.- HaY'lHblii apXHD MH-
CTJlTYTa apx()oJIorlili AIl YCCP, 1973/7,
c. 119.
31 Bepe.108elfb p. T. P03KonKH J\ypraHROI'O MO-
rllJIbHHKa enoxII 6pOIl311 Ta CKi<pCbHOI'O
'lacy D C. HYT.- ATI, 1960, T. IX,
c. 54.
82 MeTOllHKa KOHCTpYHpODaHHJI rOJIODHbIX y60-
pOD, c. 9.
33 BuiJau./tJl. B. If. OT'IeT 3anopomCKoii JKCnellH-
lIHK 3a 1973 rOll.- HaY'lHbJii apxlID HHCTII-
TYTa apxeoRorHH AH YCCP, 1973/7.
84 TIyraqenKODa r. A. fpH!jJon II aUTII'IHOM II
cpeAIIeBeHODOM HCKyccTDe CpClIHel"' A311I1.-
CA, 1959, M 2, c. 80.
3 Kyab.Mu./ta E. E. CeMaHTI1J\a HB06pamemm
Ha cepeGpHHoM lIHCKe II neHoTopbIe BonpocbI
HHTepnpeTalJ,HH AMYlIapbHHcKoro KJIalla.-
B J\H.: HCI(YCCTBO BocToKa II aHTH'lHOCTIi.
M., 1977, c. 20-21.
36 TaM me, c. 21.
37 TaM me.
38 Bop08Ka r. II. YKa3. CO'l., c. 169.
3. BuiJaU./tJl. B. H. OT'leT 3anopomCKOH JKCnellH-
H 3a 1973 rOll.- HaY'IHbJH apXHD HHCTII-
'ryTa apXeOJIOrBH AH YCCP, 1973/7.
40 TaM me.
61 AAeKCeeea E. M. AHTIf'IHbIC 6YCbI CeDepHoro
TIpH'IepHOMopbH.- CAM, 1975, f1-12,
c. 11.
A. H. Ky6blmeo, A. B. Huno.llooa,
C. B. IIo.llun
CKII<I>CKIIE Kypr AHb!
Y c. JIbBOBO HA XEPCOHIIJ;IIHE
B 1977 r. XepCOHCl\aH ::mcne.run HH IIH-
CTHTYTa apxeOJIon'IH AH YCCP (Ha1JaJIb-
HHK :mCIIe,1{H HH A. II. Ky6bIllieB) npo-
,1{OmKHJIa paCKOnl\H KypraHoB Y c. JIDBOBO
BepHCJIaBCKOro paHoHa XepcoHcKOH 06-
JIaCTH, HCCJIe,1{OBaHHH KOTOpbIX 6bIJIH Ha-
1JaTbI 3TOH me 3Kcne,1{H HeH II0.1l. PYKOB0.1l.-
CTBOM A. II. TepeHomKHHa B 1973 r. 1
B pe3YJIbTaTe paCKonOK nCCJIe.1l.0BaHbI
.1I.Ba KypraHa, BXO,1{HBffiHe B rpynny H3
IIHTH HaCbIlieH BbICOTOH OT 0,5 o 3 M,
130
BbITHHYBlliHXCH eno1JKoii Mem y .1I.BYMH
6aJIKaMH Ha npaBOM KopeHHOM 6epery
,D,Henpa B 1,5 I\M K ceBepy OT pe1JHOrO
pYCJIa H B 0,6 I\M K BOCTOKY OT C. JIbBOBO.
PaccToHHHH Mem.a;y KypraHaMH OT 30 .11.0
50 M. PacKoIIaHHbIe KypraHbI 3aHHMaJIH
I\paHHee IOmHoe nOJIOmeHHe B rpynne
H 6bIJIH caMbIMH 60JIblliHMH. OCTaJIbHbIe
HaCbIliH KO BpeMeHH paCKOIIOI, 6bIJIH pac-
naxaHbI H BbI,1{eJIHJIHCb Ha nOBepxHocTH
IIOJIH IIHTHaMH MaTepHI\OBbIX BbIKH.a;OB.
B HacToHm,eH CTaTbe MbI IIy6JIHKyeM
pe3YJIbTaTbI HCCJIe.a;oBaHHH 1977 r. 3a-
MepbI BbICOT HacbInen npOH3BOAHJIHCb OT
ypOBHH IIorpe6eBHor0 1JepH038Ma, a rRY-
6HHhI norpe6aJIbHLlX coopymeHHH - OT
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Ha Bepnnme Hyprana, II OT ypOBHJI norpe- Hen pa3MepaMJI .D.O 0,15 x 0,5 x 0,7 M
6eHHoro qepH03eMa. Han,n:eH qepen JIoma.ll;n. llepBll.qHLIH KYP-
K Y P r a H oM 18. HacbIllb He pac- raH, HaCblnaHHblH Ha,IJ, 3TIIM norpe6eHIIeM,
naXIIBaJIaCb. BLIcoTa 3, J(IIaMCTp 28 M. IIMeJI BblCOTY 1,3 M npn J(IIaMeTpe 17 M.
rJ"iEo'b ?f1'lrfc, £'n.a?fictr.
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CTII 53,3 CM, eM:KOCTb 7,15 JI.
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51 HaKOHe'lHHK CTpeJIbI: 3 .D:epeDHHHbIX
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Koro npYTa. fOJIOBKa B BII,[{e .D:JIIIHHOrO
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4,4 CM (pIIC. 13, 5, 7).
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143
nTymwH nponem, C TWnn::\lIrrr JTOrr:\CTCR
IfJlIf 'lYTb BblcTynaIOUJ;cii. JlonacTH COCAH-
nHIOTCH C BTymwH no)]; OCTpI.lM yrJTOM.
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OJl:HII neeKOJIbKO OTJIH'laeTCH pa3MepaMH
11 IIaJII1'IHC I T<lMI'006pa3Ilblx 3IIaKOB B
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3,4 CM (pHC. 13, 12, 13); 6) C JIOil\ROM
TIa 2/3 AJIIInf>I rOJIOBRII. JIOiI\OK HMeeT
BhIeM'laTOe OKOII'laIIHe. norrepeK Bcex
Tpex JIonmon IIaIIcceua KocaH 'lepTa.
BTYJIKa 'IYTL BblcTyrraeT. JlonacTII COC,lUI-
TIHIOTCH co BTYJIKOR no)]; OCTphIM yrJIOM.
J(JIIfIIa 3,3-3,6 CM (pilC. 13,14); B) C npH-
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OCTphIM YrJIOM. .IJ:JTI1Ha 3,1-3,5 CM
(pIfC. 13, 8).
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C )];peBKOM 2,3 M (pHC. 13,18).
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MeTp 2,7 CM, 2,2 II 1 , 6 CM (pilC. 13"
15-17).
144
13. J(epenmhTJ,IH KOJT'I:\n Tpanen:HenH)];-
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ne'laTKU KpaCHOH H CUH H T\paCKH. B co-
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COBepUJeIIo B npocToH HMC OBaJIbHOH
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(0,65 M OT ypOIHUI 1l0rpeoeHHoro' 'IepHO-
3eMa). CKeJIeT Ilorpe6eHnoro COXpaHHJICH
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HbIH JIemaJI rOJIOBOll:' na JOrO-3aIla . B roro-
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(1), B KOTOpWH 6blJla BCTaBJIena KOC.TiIHaH
JIOmeqKa (2). B 3anOJIlleHHH HMbI HaH eH
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B llJIe'IllKaX KopuyeOM. ITo Kparo BeU'IHK
yRpameH pe3HblMH JIHHHHMH. BbIeOTa eo-
cy a 13,2 eM, Jl,llaMCTp BenqllKa 9,5, KOp-
uyea to, Jl,Ha 8 CM (pHe. 15, 1).
2. (lJparMeIlTllpoBauHaH KoeTHHaH
rrJIOeRaH JIOH\eqKa e OHaJIbHOH JIOHaTKOH
(pHe. 1lJ, 2).
3. TpexrpaHRbIH 6pOH30BWD: HTYJIb'Ia-
TbIH naKOHe'IHHI\ eTpeJIbI e II-06pa3Hb1M
JIOiI\KOM. OCTPHiI rpaHeii cBflcaroT. )J,J1ll11a
2,6 eM (pHe. 15, 6).
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K roro-3ana y OT KypraHa .M 18.
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Ha If3HeeTHHKOHLIMH KaMHiIMH, HepOiITHO,
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xaHlIoro KaMeHHoro IlaHII;HpH. B KypraHe
OTKphlTO Jl,Ha rrorpe6enHiI (pHe. 16). Kpo-
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HHH ee BeTpe'IeHbI «pparMeHTbI JIeIlHOrO H
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paeIlOJIOmeno H II;eHTpe KypraHa. COBep-
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MH pa3MepaMH 2,1 X 2,5 M opHeHTHpOHaHa
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eTYIleHbKH, errYCKaBmHeeH KO HXOJl,Y H
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OT YPOHllH peHHeD: rrOBepXHOCTH. TIpHMO-
yrOJIhHaH H rrJIaHe KaMepa, pa3MepaMH
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10 1-1058
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[47
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1 Tepe1t():J/('Kult A. n., n./tbUltC1>aJl B. A. OT'IeT
o paooTe XepcoHcHOiI :)l\CneJ{lfI lIU D 1973 r.-
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2 AHTpOnOJIOrH'IeCKUe onpe):(eJIeHIfH MaTepIfa-
JIOB I(ypraIloB npommellelIbI C. II. Hpyn:.
3 3eeCT H. E. 0 Tlfnax repaKJIeiicKUX aMiJJop. -
I\CHHMI\, HJ48, BblII. 22, c. 52.
4 TaM me.
5 1\MqJOplIbIii: MaTepUaJI OnpelleJIelI M. E. Bpa-
IUIfIICKIfM.
6 BpaUJ,UltCKUU H. B. AM!fJOPbI f13 paCJ{onOK
EJI1I8aDeTUHCKoro MOI'HlIblIf1Ka B '1959 1'.-
CA, 1961, oM 3, c. 184.
7 BaCUM/tM B. A. H Donpocy 0 J{aTIfpOBJ{1I ClI-
HonCKIfX KJIellM.-CA, 1971. .N 3, c. 250.
8 BpaUJ,UltCKUU H. E. l\epa IH'IeCKlie !(JIeiiMa
fepaRJICIf 1l0nTIfllcKOll.- II;), HJ65, oM 5,
c. 25; BaCUJl.eltKO B. A. 0 XapaI(Tl'pe RJIcii-
MelIUH l'epaKJIeiicK1IX aM!fJop B lIepBoH no-
JIOBIIlIe IV D. 110 II. a.- II;), HJ74, oM 11,
c. 19.
B Sparkers B. A., Talcott L. Black and plain
pottery ot the 6, 5 and 4 centuries B. C.-
The Athenian Agora. Rezults of excavations
conducted bv the american school of clas-
sical studies of Athens, 1!J70, VoL 12,
p. 1; p. 110-111; p. 2, oM GOO, (i08.
10 Hoay6 10. I. JIeKi!fJu OJIbBiiicbKoro U{'I(PO-
nOJIH.- ApXeOJlOl'iH, 1962, T. 14, c. 31.
11 IAAiltcbKa B. A. CKi!fJCbKi COKlipU.- 1\pxe-
OJIoriH, 1961, T. 12, c. 42, pIfC. 9.
13 Apma.Moltoe M. H. COKpOBHII{a cIm!fJeI(I1X
KypraUOB. llpara - JIeHIfllrpaJ:\, 1966,
puc. 25; 26.
1;) rJepitelt1>O E. B. Opymlfe If;! CeMH6paTHlfX
KypraIIOB.- B KH.: CKu!fJcI(Ife lIpeBHOCTIf.
I\IfeB, 1973, c. 71, pIfC. 4.
14 Moao./teeCb1>UU B. M. TOBcTa MOrIlJIa. 1\.,
1979, pliC. 59, a-e.
1 Apma..ltoltoe M. H. CoKpODIfI:D;a ..., pIfC. 312"
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148
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HaH.neHbl OCTaTRII pa3pymeHHoro rpa6lITe-
JHIMII conpOBomp,aIOm;ero norpe6eHIIH, TplI
1J:pyrlIx (KaTaROM6bI oM 2-4) HCnOJIb30-
BaJIBCb RaR cBoe05pa3Hble X03HHCTBeH-
Hble nOMem;eHlIH II co,nepmaJIlI norpe-
6aJIbHbIH IIHBeHTapb OCHOBHoro YMepmero.
11 1-1058
B03JIe RaTaROM6bI oM 2 Ha .npeBHeH no-
.sepXHOCTlI JIemaJI CReJIeT "CJI" yrlI , co-
npo om.naBmero norpeoeHlIe.
B RypraHe npOCJIemeHbI TplI rpa5lITeJIb-
CRHX xo.na. IIepBblH 1I3 HlIX meJI C nOJIbl
RypraHa R o;eHTpy, HO R MOrlIJIe He BblBeJI
(pIIC. 11). OH 6blJI npORonaH C RpenUJJ;bI
B MaTepHR B ceBepO-BOCTOqHOH nOJIe KYP-
raHa. Ha ypoBHe MaTeplIRa Bxo.nHaH HMa
rpa6UTeJIbCROrO xo,na B nJIaHe, nO BceH
BlIp,IIMOCTII BHa'laJIe IlMeJIa cpOPMY RBa.n-
161
paTa (2 x 2 M) C aaRpyrJIeHHhIMH yrJIaMH.
BnocJIeACTBIHI 06pymHBmHHCH CBO)I; y
Ha'laJIa xOJ];a npH)I;aJI HMe nOJ];npHMoyrOJIb-
HhIe O'lepTaHHH, YAJIHHHB ee C ceBepo-
BOCTORa Ha)oro-3ana)I; AO 2,8 M. HMa 6hIJIa
aanOJIHeHa 'lepHOH 3aTeRmeH aeMJIeH H
CBaJIHBmHMHCH RaMHHMH RpenH)I;bI. )J;HO
HMhI ORa3aJIOCb cTyneH'laThIM. CTyneHbRH
pacnOJIaraJIHCb napaJIJIeJIbHO ceBepO-BOC-
TO'lHOH CTopOHe flMhI Ha rJIy6IIHe 1 M,
1,5 H 1,9 M. Mx mnpHHa COOTBeTCTBeHHO
COCTaBJIHJIa: 0,5 M, 0,56 H 0,65 M. Y BXO-
)I;a B XO)I;, H)I;yIIl;HH nO)I; 3eMJIJO, CTeHRH HMhI
no )I;HY p3CmHpflJIHCb J];O 2,2 M. IIo)I;3eM-
HhIH XO)I; 6hIJI BhIRonaH B JOro-3ana)I;HOH
CTeHRe HMhI. )J;HO ero BHa'laJIe HaC'lHThI-
BaJIO nHTb cTyneHeR BhICOTOH 0,1-0,3 M,
II1HpIIHOH 0,5-0,75 M. )J;aJIbme J];O caMorO
ROHI a OlIO 6bIJIO nORaThIM, 3a HCRJIIO'le-
HHeM YCTyna BhlCOTOH 0,15 M, HaXO)I;HB-
merOCH H3 paCCTOHHHH 12 M H3 rJIy6HHe
5,1 M. B nJI3ne rpa6HTeJIhCRHH XO)I; npeA-
CTaBJIHJI C060H ROpH)I;Op C HeCROJIbRO
H3BHJIHCThIMH CTeHRaMH. Ero )I;JIHHa 18 M,
mHpHHa 1,8, BhICOTa 0,8 M. Y CBoero
ROHQa Ha rJIy6HHe 5,7 M ROpH)I;Op nOA
npHMbIM yrJIOM nOBOpa'lHBaJI Ha IOro-
BOCTOR Y3RHM XOP;OM, 3aROH'lHBmHMCH
TynHROM. )J;JIHHa xO)I;a 1,3, mHpHHa 0,9 M.
)J;HO ero BorHYTO H paCnOJIOiI\eHO Ha rJIy-
6IIBe 6 M. Ha CTeHR3X XO)I;a COXpaHHJIHCb
'leTRHe CJIeAhI y)I;apOB 0'1' Y3Roro RJIHHO-
BH,lI;HOrO 0PY)I;HH C OCTpblM ROHQOM. 3eMJIH
npH phITbe xO)I;a B OCHOBHOM BhI6pachIBa-
JIaCb H3pyiRy. aHa JIeiRaJIa 33 RpeDHAoH
Ha )I;peBHeM ropH30HTe, 3aHHM3H DJIOIIl;a)I;b
4 X 8 M, B BH)I;e MYTHoro, nJIOClwro B
pa3peae rJIHHHCTOro BhIRH)I;a TOJIIII;HHOH
0,3 M (CM. pHC. 2). He60JIbmaH 'laCTh
aeM.'IH OCTaBaJIaCb B rpaOIfTeJIbCKOM XO)I;e
Ha ero J];He B BHAe oRpyrJIhIX DepeRaTOB.
B CBoeM Ha'laJIbHOM OTpe3Re DOA3eMHbIH
XOJ]; 6bIJI HaDOJIOBIfHY DpIfchIDaH 3eMJIeH,
npoHimmeH CIO)I;a 'lepe3 BXOAHYIO HMY
H 'l3CTH'lHO OChInaBmeHCH co CBOJ];a. Ha-
'lHHaH C paCCTOHHHH 7 M II AO ROHQa, OH
OKa33JICH 3a6HT nJIOTHhIM 3aBaJIOM, oopa-
BOB3BmnMCH B pe3YJIbTaTe 06pymHBmero-
CH CBO)I;3. 3aBaJI JIeiR3JI H3 TOHKOM 1 TOJI-
162
DWHOH B 1 CM, :HJIHC'I'OM CJIoe, 3aTeRmeM
c-ro)I;a )I;O TOTO, RaR DpOH30meJI 06BaJI.
TOJIIII;HHa HJIa B ROHQe rpa6HTeJIbCKOrO
xOAa, B HaH60JIee rJIy6oRoH ero 'laCTH x
AOCTHraJIa 15 CM.
XO)I; 33RaH'lHBaJICll Ha)I; ceBepHOH RaMe-
pOH QeHTp3JIbHOrO Dorpe6eHHH, Ha 4,4 M
OT ee )I;Ha. BTOpOH H TpeTHH rpa6HTeJIb-
CRHe XOJ];hI mJIH C BepmHHhI 'lepe3 HaCbTlIb.
Mx HMhI 06pa30BaJIH Ha DOBepXHOCTH
RypraHa )I;JIHHHYIO H mHpORYIO JIHH30-
06pa3HYJO TpaHmeIO pa3MepaMH 29 x
x 7,5 M, BhITHHYTyIO DO QeHTpy C ceBepo-
3anaJ];a Ha IOrO-BOCTOR.
BTOPOH rpa6HTeJIbCRHH XO)I;, pacnOJIO-
iReHHbIH DpHMO DO QeHTpy, DpOCJIeiReH B
npO HJIHX QeHTpaJIbHOH 6pOBRH B BRAe
IDHpOROH BOpOHRH, 3anOJIHeHHOH RaMHH-
MH. BBepxy BopOHRa HMeJIa DIHpRHy 11,:
BHH3Y, Y )I;peBHero ropH30HTa, 7,2 M.
STOT XOJ]; pa3pymHJI OCHOBHYro rpo6HHQY,:
RYAa rpa6HTeJIn DpOHHRJIH 'lepe3 BXOA-
HYIO HMY, H Dorpe6eHHe CJIyrH B RaTaROM-
6e .M 1. B 3aDOJIHeHHH XO)I;a, Ha rJIy6HHe
3,9 M, H3H)I;eHa MaJIeHbRaH rJIa3'laTall
oycHHa oRpyrJIO-nO)I;TpeyrOJIbHOH OPMhI
U3 iReJITOH DaCThI C TpeMH «rJIa3KaMH» 6e-
JIoro H CHHero QBeTOB. Ee )I;HaMeTp 9,5 MM,
AHaMeTp OTBepCTHH 4,5 MM (pHC. 8, 24).
TpeTHH rpa6HTeJIbCRHH xoJ]; paCDOJIa-
raJICH Ha paCCTOHHHH 8 M R ceBepO-3aDa)I;Y
OT QeHTpa. OH DpOCJIeiRHBaJICH B BOCTO'l-
HOM DpO HJIe 3aDa)I;HOH 6pOBRH B BHJ];e
HMhI, cDYIIl;eHHoH C DOBepXHOCTH HaChInH.
CTeHRH HMhI BOpOHlWH cyiRaJIHCb RHH3Y.
B BepxHeH CBoeH 'laCTH HMa 33DOJIHeH3
RaMHHMH. Ee pa3MepbI B pa3pe3e DO
Bepxy 7 M, Y )I;peBHero ropn30HTa-
1,2 M. B MaTepHRe HMa HMeJIa DO)I;DpHMO-
yrOJIbHYIO OPMY AJIHHOH 2,3 M H mH-
pHHOH 1,5 M. Qepe3 Hee rpaOHTeJIH
DO ROJIO)I;Qy, HMeBmeMy He3Ha'lHTeJIbHbIH
yRJIOIl R BOCTORY, DpOHHRJIH B ceBepHYro
RaMepy QeHTpaJIbHOH rp06HH hI.
OCHOBHaH rpo6HHQa
(pHC. 12; 13). MOrHJIa ORa3aJIaCb CHJIbHO
pa3pymeHHoH B pe3YJIbTaTe orpaOJIeHHH.
BxoJ];HaH HMa BBepxy Dpe)I;CTaBJIHJIa C060H
OBaJI pa3MepaMH 3 1 7 X 2A-2 1 1 M, 60JIeil
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Do Mepe nOHIImeHHH 1\0 )];HY 1\0JIo)];el\ Me-
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1 - MaTepHl<; 2 - II0)13eMHble coopymeHHff; 3 - rpa6UTenbCl<uA xo,!\ No 3.
IIa)];y, B HMa rrpBo6peTaJIa IjIOPMY 1\Ba)];pa-
Ta C 3a1\pyrJIeHHhIMH yrJIaMB. Ee pa3Mep:b1
B aTOM MeCTe COCTaBJIHJIB 2,4 X 2,4 M.
Ha aTOM me ypOBHe B IOmHOH CTeHKe H1.1:b1
JIMeJI3Cb rJIy60Kaa BhIMOlIHa nJIBHOH 3 II
rJIy6lIHoH 0,5 M. Y )];Ha, HaXOnBBlIIerOCH Ha
rJly6BHe 10,15 M, HMa rrplIHHMaJIa rrono-
BaJILHYIO 1jI0PMY pa3!1fepa!lfB 1,5 X 1,9 M,
opneHTIIpOBaHHYIO C ceBepa Ha lOr C He-
60JILIIIBM OTKJIOHeHBeM 1\ BOCTORY. B BOC-
TO'lHOH CTeHRe H!lfhI HaKJIOHHO cnYCKaB-
H*
3,9 M, BTopaH pa3MepaMJI 1,4x0,4 M Ha
rJIy6BHe 5,9 M. TpeTLH, 1JaCTJI1JHO pa3py-
meHHaa rpa6BTeJIHMB, mJIa B)];OJIb IOmHOH
B BOCTO'lHOH CTeHOK HMhI ua rJIy6H-
He 7,2 M.Ee nmma no JIBHlIB ceBep - lOr
2,2 M, rro JIJIHIIH 3arra)]; - BOCTOK 1,5 !If;
HaJI60JILmaH COXpaHJIBmaHCH B ceBepHoH
qaCTB IIIJIpJIHa 0,6 M. nOCJIenHHH, 1JeT-
BepTaH,cTyrreHb1\a pacnOJIaraJIaCb y)];Ha
Ha rJIy6BHe 9,4 !If. BhICOTa ee O 7 1.1,
)];JIBHa 1 5 mnpBHa O 3 M.
163
HMa 6hIJIa 3arrOJIHeHa TBepnOH 3aTe'l-
HOll 3CMJIeH II RaMUHMII, COCTaBJIHBIIJRMR
nO orpa6JIeHIIH, O'leBR)J)lO, ee 3a6YTOBRY.
HaR60JIbIIlee ROJIR'leCTBO RaMHeii Haxo-
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mRpRHOll: 0,15-0,2 M. DXOnhI 6hIJlH 3a-
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JJ:YlOrqeHcH co CJI OHMH rJI II HhI.
Ceeepna.n Ka.Mepa. B 3anOJIHCIUUI BXOna
B RaMepy B BepxHeii ero 'laCTl1 BCTpe'leHhI
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Pnc. 13. OCHoBHbIe pa3pe3bI I\eHTpailbHoii rp06Hn bI:
1 - MaTepHI\; 2 - pel(QnCTpYI(I Hff.
J10nn:a. 3neCb iI,e Ha rJIyoHHe 2,3 M HaiiAe-
He. 'leJIlOCTb JIOmaJJ:R, a Ha rJIy6RHe 3,1-
3,6 M - OTneJIbHbIC ROCTR 'leJIOBeRa:
q,parMeHT 'lcpena, I\JIlO'lHn:a, 'laCTb Ta30-
BOH, 6ep:a;OBaH R JIY'leBaH ROCTR. Ha
rJIy6RHe 6,8 M B 3arraJJ:HoH qaCTR HMhI 06-
HapymcHbI q,parMeHTbI RCTJIeBmerO nepe-
Ba, Ha rJIy6RHe 7,6 M - n03BOHRR
OBT bI.
MOrRJIa lIMCJIa nBe RaMepbI, BXOnbI B
ROTOphIC pacrrOJIaraJIRCb B 3arranHOH R
ceBepnoii CTeHRax HMbI. l1x OTneJIHJIa Apyr
OT npyra y3RaH MaTepRROBaH nepeMhI'lRa
164
RpynHhIe Ra:IIHH. Bxon IIMeJI q,OPMY IIPH-
MoyrOJIbHOH Tparre1..l,HR, HalWOHHaH CTOpO-
Ha I\OTOpOH cocenCTBOBaJIa C BXOnOM B
3arraJJ:HYIO RaMepy. BbICOTa 1,5 M, IIJlIpliHa
rro nHY 1,6, rro Bepxy 1,2 M. 01' BXOna Ha
ceBep BeJI npOMOC, cymaBIIIRHcH 3a C'leT
BOCTO'lHOii CTeHRR, HMeBIIJeii B rrJIaHe BOJI-
HlICTbIe O'lepTanlifL Ero nJIIiHa 2,8 M1,
nmpRna 1,3-1,7 M. CBOJJ: pa3pymeH.
YpOBCllb rro,na na 0,2 M BhlUW ypOBHH AHa
BXOJJ;HOH mfhI (ua fJIyoRIIe 10 M). 01' rro-
cJIe]J,Heii OH OT,!I.;e:IH.'lCH pC::!KIIM YCTY-
nOM.
RaR n BceH nOl{3el\fHOii ROHCTpYRQnn Morn-
JIbI, COCTOHJIO 113 llJIOTHOH rJIJUIbl,
R'aMepa pa3Melll,aJIaCb K 3anal{Y OT
]],pOMoca no,']; npflMWM K ueMY yrJIOM. Oua
opueUTnpOBaHa II1J1pOTHO n B nJIaue nMeJIa
nOl{npflMoyrOJIhHYro <POPMY pa3MepaMH
2x 1 ,25 M C oKpyrJIOll 3anal{HOH CTeHOH.
CTenw IWMepbI Ha nOJIHYro BbICOTy coxpa-
HnJInCb TOJIbHO B 3anal{HOH 1.'1.' 'laCTn, r]],e
K nOTOJIHY OHIi cymaJIUCh apO'lHbIM CBO-
]],OM BbICOTOH 1,7 M. CeBepHaH n IOmHall
CTeHW HaMepw npOCJIemeHbI JInmb B npH-
;n:onHoH 'laCTII, f,'];e OHIi cOXpaHUJInCh ]],0
BWCOTbl 0,4 M OT nOJIa. Ha 3TOM ypoBne
I.;aMepa nMeJIa mnpnHY 1,75 M - KBepxy
CTcnbI 1.'1.' paCmnpHJInCb. B nOTOJIKe KaMe-
pw, nO'lTn no 1.'1.' QeHTpy, uaxO]],IIJIOCb
HpyrJIOe OTBepCTue rpa6UTeJIbCKOrO xo,'];a
.N'2 3, 3anOJIHeHUOe PbIXJIWM QepH03eMOM,
CMemanHb!M C l\WTepUKoBoH rJInUOH. ,1J,na-
MeTp JIa3a 1 M. )J,no KaMepbI pa3Me aJIOCh
na O]],HOM YPOBHe C nOJIOM ]],pOMoca. aHO
nMeJIO nepOBUYro, 1I3pbITylO rpa6UTeJIHMU
nOBepXHOCTh, nOHnmarorn;YIOCH K lOry
]],0 rJIyunHu 10,1 M. B npu]],oHuOH 'laCTn
cCBepHoH CTeHbI oUHapymena OBaJIbHOH
<pOpMbI flMIW, CJIYiI\UBmafl, BMl{UMO, TaH-
HUKOM. aHa opMenTlipOBaHa C 3ana]],a ua
BOCTOK n nMeJIa CnJIbHO BorHYToe ]],HO,
YXO]],H:m;ee B ceBepuyIO CTeHY Ue60JIbmnM
no,'];60H'lnKOM. Pa3Meph1 HMKU 0,44x
xO,28 M, rJIy6uHa 0,1 M. C BOCTOKa no
npOl{OJIhHOH ocn OT uee OTXO]I,IIJI He60JIb-
mOH meJI060H ]],JIUUOH 0,14 M, mMpnHoH
0,08 II rJJy6nHoH 0,05 M. PHJ],OM C TaHun-
l>OM J!eil\aJI IJ.TIOCHUH KaMenb U3BeCTUHKa
pa3Mepa1\1U 0,12 X 0,3 M, KOTOPL!H Mor
6UTb ero nepeHpWTJleM.
3anaiJu.aR 1WMepa. BxoJI; B nO,'];3eMeJIhe
UMeJI O'lepTaIIHfl npHMOYfOJ1hHnKa co CKO-
meHHh1Mn HO JI;HY yrJIaMU. Ero CBOJI; 6b1JI
HeMHornM mnpe JI;Ha. BhlCOTa BXOJI;a
1,25 M, mnpnHa no CBOJI;y 1,5, no JI;HY
1,4 M. aT BXOJI;a B KaMepy B 3anaJI;HOM Ha-
npaBJIeHUn meJI l{pOMOC. Ero roiI\Hafl CTeH-
Ka rrpOCJ1eilmBaJIaCh 'laCTn'lHO. ,1J,JIJlHa
ApOMoca 1,1 M, mnpUHa 1,15 M. CBo):l; He
COXpaIIUJICH, J],HO HaHJIOHIIO nOBbImaJIOCb
:K KaMepe, BXO,']; B KOTOpyro HaXOJI;HJICH
Ha rJIy6nHe 10 M. HaMepa OBaJIbHaH B
nJIaue pa3MepaMU 1,6 X 1 M uWJIa pacnOJIO-
meHa K ceBepy OT JI;pOMOca, nOJI; npHMbIM
yrJIOM K HeMY, n oplieuTIfpoBaHa no JIlI-
HIIn ceBep - IOr. CBO,']; O'leHb HU3KJlH,
nJIOCKIIH, BUJI;n1\1O, npoceBmnH, BWCOTOH
0,5 M. CTeHlu oKpyrJIO nepeXop,UJIU B JI;HO,:
HaXOJI;HBmeeCfl Ha rJIy6nHe 9,95 M. Cy-
JI;H no pa3MepaM, nOJI;3eMeJIhe II MeJI 0,
CKopee Bcero, X03HnCTBeuuoe Ha3ua-
'leHne.
061.' KaMeph1 OKa3aJInCb nOJIHOcThro
orp 6JIeHHwMn.
Kama1'>OM6a .M 1 (puc. 14) 06HapymeHa
B 2 M H ceBepy OT QeHTpa Ha rJIy6nue
1,25 M. R'OHTypbI 1.'1.' CUJIhUO HapymeubI
rpauliTemIMIL D03TOMY Bce napaMeTpbI
coopymeHl'IH npnBo,'];nM npeJI;nOJIOmHTeJIb-
UO. BXOJI;uaH HMa B nJ1aue UMeJIa OBaJIh-
HyIO <POPMY pa3MepaMn 1,6 X 2,2 M H 6bIJIa
opneHTHpOBaHa C 3anaJI;a Ha BOCTOK. ,1J,HO
HaXOJI;UJIOCb Ha rJIy6HHe 1,25 M. HMa
BnJIOTHyro npnMhlKaJIa K BXOJI;HOMY KO-
JIOJI;QY OCHOBHOH rpouHHQbI.
BxoJI; B nO]],3eMeJIhe 6bIJI pacnOJIOjf{eH B
ceBepo-BOCTO'lHOH CTeHKe HMhl, OTHOCH-
TeJIhHO KOTOpOH KaMepa 6wJIa CMell.\ena
K BOCTOKY. B nJIaHe KaMepa HMeJIa OBaJIb-
HyIO <POPMY pa3MepaMn 2,65 X 1,4-1..66 M,
opneHTnpoBauHyIO no JInHlIn 3anaJI;-
BOCTOK. ,1J,HO ee HaXOJI;nJIOCh Ha OJI;HOM
ypoBHe C nOJIOM BXOJI;HOH HMbI. CBOI!: He
COXpaHnJICH, ero npel!:nOJIOIHnTeJIbUafl
Bh1COTa 0,7 M. B IOrO-BOCTO'lHOM yrJIY KaMe-
pbI nMeJIOCb He60JIbmOe cerMeHTOBup,HOC
H03BhImeHIIe BbICOTOH 0,,5 M (B03-
1\1OiImO, pe3YJIbTaT pa3pymeHHH KaTa-
KOMOb!).
B KaMepe 06HapymeHhI pa3p03HeHHbI8
KOCTU 'leJIOBe'leCKOrO CKeJIeTa, pa3upo-
caHHbIe no BceMY nOJJY. qepen JIemaJI IIO'l-
TU nocepeJ],MUe KaMepbI. HnmHHH 'laCTh
CKeJIeTa (Il03BOHO'lHIfK, KpeCTeQ U JIeBaH
'laCTb Ta3a) OKa3aJIUCb npn BX0l!:e B KaMe-
py. Ha I!:ue MOrnJ1bI, B 0,4 M K ceBepy OT
IOmHOH CTeHKU, HaHJI;eH 6pOH30BbIH ua-
KOHe'lUnH CTpeJIbI TpeXJIOnaCTHoro Tnna
C TpexrpaHuoH rOJIOBHOn, oCTpo06pe3aH-
HbIMn rpaUHMH H KOpOTHOH DhlcTynaIO:m;en
165
PRe. 14. IIJIaH KaTaHQMUbI oN! 1:
1 - HaIWHe'lHRK CTpe.nhl.
BTYJIKOll: (ocTpHe CJIO laHo). ,IXJIUHa Ha-
KOHe'lIlIf.I{a 2,6 CM (poc. 8, 20).
Kamatw.M6a.NY 2 (poc. 15) pacnOJIOmeHa
K BOCTOKY 01' OCHOBHOD: rp06HoQbI, B 5 M
OT QeHTpa. rJIOIHIHbIll: BbIKO OBaJIbHOH
<P0PMbI, pa3MepaMO 3,2 X 3,5 M 0 TOJIm;O-
HOB 0,4 M, pa3Mem;aJICH K ceBepy 01' HMbI
Ha ypOBlIe peBHero ropo30HTa. Bxo HaH
HMa OMe,aa OBaJIbHYro <POPMY pa3MepaMO
0,6 X 0,8 M, BbITHHYTYro C ceBepO-BOCTOKa
na roro-3aIIa . Y BOCTOqHOll: CTeHIm OHa
CHJIbHO paCmOpHJIaCb KO HY 1 38 CqeT '1ero
166
pa3Mepbl HMbI OCTHraJIH 0,85 xO,9 M.
rJIy6lfH8 KOJIORQa 1,4 M. Ha BCro rJIy60HY
OH 6bIJI 3anOJIHeH KaMHHMO. B roro-3ana -
HOll: 'IaCTO HMbI HaXO OJICH BXO B KaMepy.
KaTal{QM6y, npe CTaBJIHBmHll: C060ll: I10JIO-
rUll: CIIYCK BbICOTOll: o 0,18 M. KaMepa
pacnOJIaraJIaCb no npO OJIbHOll: OCH BXO -
HOll: HMbI. B nJIaHe OHa IIMeJIa rpYllIeBH -
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a. ,IXJIOHa KRMepbI 1,3 M, mopOHa 1,2 1
BbICOTa 0,5 M. 13.HO y Bxo a HaXO OJIOCb
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ITo Bcell llJIO aJ,\H nOJ,\3eMeJIhH nen,aJIn
KOCTH pa3py6JIeHHOn no {!aCTRM JIOma,1lH.
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nJlaCTHIIa C J'BOa,I:\IIMH; 2 - CKOOW; 3 - BMffTHHhI B MaTepHKe.
nOp' IOrO-3aTIap'HOH CTeHKOH CTOHJI 5pOH-
30BhIH KOTeJI (1). BHYTpn Hero B aHaTOMH-
qeCKOM nopRJ,\Ke JIemaJIH KOCTn HTHeHKa,
a TaKme Tpn n,eJIe3HhIe CK06hI (2)1 O'1e-
1. BPOH30BhIH KOTeJI JInTOH, OBanhHOH
B TIJIaHe cpOpMhI, C Jl.BYMH TIOJIyoBaJIhHhIMH
pyqKaMn, UMeIO HMH no Tpn mnmKO-
BH1!.HhIX BhICTYTIa 1 na BhICOKOH nOJIOH pIOM-
169
ROBH HOii HOmRe. Bepx ROTJIa O.pOpMJIeH
B BU e CJIerRa BbIcTyuaroru;ero 60pTHRa.
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UHTh aaRJIellOR, CBII eTeJIbCTBYlOm;nx 0
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llOKpbIT UaJIeTOM qepHoii ROllOTH H camH.
BbIcOTa ROTJIa 36 CM BbICOTa HomhH
llpHMoyrOJIbHbIX llJIaCTHH C 3arHYTbTMH
RBepxy ROH aJ\m B BHAe 6YRBbI «C». )J,JIJ1Ha
CKo6 2,8-3 1 8 CM rnupuHa 0 1 9-1 CM
(puc. 16, 2).
170
Kama1>OM6a M 3 o6HapYil\eHa R roro-
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PIle. 19. TIJIan 1I paapea K3TaKoM6bI .M 4:
1 - IIorpeoeHHblA '!epH03eM; 2 - MaTepHK; 3 - IIOJ.\3eMem.e; 4 - peHOHCTpYIU BII.
HaXOn;HJICfl J{ lOry na ypOBlle Ilorpe6enuo-
ro 1JepH03eMa H n:MeJI BR).I. nOJIYMeCfll a
AJIHHOH 9 n: mn:pHHoH 3,7 M, upn: TOJIn(n:He
0,6 M. CoopymeHRe npeACTaBJIflJIO C060H
Bxo nyIO flMY C uo 6oeM, CBO ROToporo
o6pymn:JICfl (pHC. 17). B CBfl3H C 3TH1\!
IDHpn:Ha flMbI no Bepxy He tPHKCHpOBa-
naCb. BXO Hafl flMa upeJ'(TIOJIOiEIITenbHO
npflMoyrOJIbBOH tPOpMhI C 3aKpymelIlIblMn:
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Boii CTeHRn: fl1\!hI OCTaBJIena cTyneHbRa ne-
pOBHbIX B UJIaHe OqepTaHHH C BhIcTyuaID-
m;eH cpe BeH 1JaCTbIO. BbICOTa ee 0,5 M,
mn:pn:na 0,35-0,55 M.
IIo 6oH HaXOJUIJICfl B IOro-3ana HoH
CTenKe flMhI. nO 3eMeJIbe npflMoyrOJIbBOe,
pa3MepaMH 1,5 X 2 M H rJIy6n:HoH 1,78 M.
TIpen;nOJIOil\HTeJIbHafl BhICOTa ero i,2 M.
TIo).l. IOro-BOCT01JBOH n: ceBepo-3ana BoH
171
C'I'CHRaMH nOA60R Ha AHC OTRPI,TTbl Ra'HaB-
1m npH1.lOyrOJIbliOH q)OPMbT. ,IJ,JIlIHa IOro-
BOCTO"IIIOH RaIIaBHH 1,45 M, llmpMHa 0,3,
rJIYUMI!a 0,08 M. Pa3McphI CCBcpo-3anaA-
110M COOTBCTCTBCHHO 1,4 xO,1 xO,09 M.
B 3aUOJIHCHMl1 nOA6OJ.1 Ha paCCTOHHMH
0,3 1.1 0'1' cTyneHhI\H ua rJIy6JUIC 1,32 M
lIaMnCHa }lWJIe3IIaH IIJI aCTMHKa (1).
lIa IIOJTY, y BXO,TJ,a B DOA60H, no BCCH
cro AJIHnC B MaTcplIKe npOCJIemelihI Y3KMe
BMHTMHbI AJTMHOH 7-15 CM, llIlIpMnoH
1 CM M rJTy6ulIOH 2 CM.
llo lI,CHTPY IIOA60H, no cro IIPOAOJTbHOH
OCI1, IIa JI:lle Mca,AY RaHaBRaMM JTe/HaJIII
OC'I'aTI<M AepcBHIlHOH nJTaXH (?), Y3ROH
}Ia KOIIIWX II llmpoRoH B cpeAHeH "IaCTII.
Ec AJTIIHa 1,6 1.1, llmpMHa 0,12-
0,26 M.
l1pMMblRaH R ROnIl,aM IIJlaXII, y BnYT-
pCIIIII1X CTeliOR RanaBOI{ naXOAMJIHCb ya-
I\I1C meJI06KM, BorUYThle B npOAOJTbHOM
CC'ICIIMH. I1x AJTMHa 0,55 II 0,65 M, IImpMHa
0,011 II rJIy6MHa 0,02 M. B meJl06IWX 06-
HapymeHhI He3IIa"IMTeJlblIhIe OCTaTIm
epeBa.
llCPCA nJTaXOH, y ee cCBepo-3alIaAnDrO
KOIIII,a, ,na nOJlY HaHAeHbI meJTe3HhIe CROOhI
(2) II CJTCAhi ORMCM Me,TJ,lI.
no IIJTOIIl,aAII nO,TJ,60H MemAY IIJTaXOH H
lOro-3aIIaAIIoM CTeHKOH 06HapymeHI>l 60.1Jb-
lIme tPparMeHTbI RomM 11 BOHJlo/{a TOJIIII,FI-
HOH 0'1' 2 AO 5 1.11.1 M OCTilTKIl AepeBa.
1. iHeJTC3IIaH IIJlaCTMHRa MMeeT B nJlaHe
npHMoyroJlbHYIO tPOPMY C 3aI{pyrJTeHHblMII
yrJI a lIUf , pa3MCpnllfIT 4,6 X 20,8 CM. nJTa-
CTUHI\a C.1JCrKa 1130rIIYTa BOBHYTpb. ITo
IIPOAOJII,HOii OCM nJlaCTl1HJUI., M3IIYTPM,
pacnOJlOmeIIbT "IeThIpC KpyrJIbIX B Ce"ICnMM
rB03AH C OCTpbTMM IWHll,aMII AJlMHOH
3,2 CM. C60RY nJIaCTMHRlI., BAOJIb ec AJIIW-
HOH CTOpOllhI, naxo,TJ,MTCH, O"IeBM,TJ,Ho, IIpM-
RMIIeBrnaH nalICKOCb Y3RaR IIJlaCTIIHO"IRa
AmmoH 7,6 M mUpITilOH 1,2 CM, Ha O,TJ,HOM
M3 I{QHI OB KOTOpOH TaK/He MMeeTCR
rB03Ab. I.Ia BlIYTpeIIHeH CTopOHe IIJTaCTMH-
Kli COXpaHMJIMCb OTnC"IaTKM ApeBeCIIHhI
(pilC. 18, 1).
2. ,IJ,ecHTb meJle3IIbiX cR06 pa3JIII"IaIOT-
cn no cpopMe II BHernneMY BIIAY. qeTIiIpc
172
:maeMIIJTRpa HMCIOT BFlJI: OBaJTbHIiIX IIJTOC-
RUX He60JIbIIIFlX nJI aCTMHOR C OCTaTRaMFI
JI:BYX rB03JI:CH IIJTM CJIeAaMII 0'1' HHX Ha
060lIX ROHll,ax. Pa3MephI FIX: 5,7-8,6 X
X 2,3-6 CM (pHC. 18,2-5). )J,Ba aR3CMn-
JIHpa B BIIJI:C nJTOCKFlX IIJTaCTllllOR npH-
MoyrOJIbHOH tPOpMhl C 3aKpyrJIeIIHLIMH
yrJlaMll, pa3MepaMM 4-4,8 X 2-2,4 CM.
OAHa 1I3 HMX M30FHYTa no AJlMHC, a JI:PY-
raR - IIO IIIlIpFlne. Ha KOHII,ax nJIaCTHHOR
IIMeIOTCR rB03AM, IIIJTHnHM ROTOpIiIX npo-
CJTea\llBaIOTCH Ha BnCIIIHeH CTopOHe nJIac-
TMH. O,TJ,MH 113 ROHQOB IIJIaCTIIHOR 06JTOMaH
(pIIC. 18, 7, 8). CeAbMaH cI\06a IIMeCT BMA
Y3ROH IIpHMoyrOJTbHOH nJTaCTHHKM C 3a-
RpyrJTCHHhIMM yrJIaMM pa3MepaMlI 1,1 X
X 6,2 CM (pMC. 18, 11). Ha OAIlOM 1I3 ROH-
1l,0B, Ha BHYTPCHHCH CTopOHe, IIMCCTCH
KpyrJThIH B Ce"IeHMII rB03,TJ,b .BTOpOH ROHCll,
06JIOMau. TplI cR06M B BHn:C 1I30rnYTI>IX
TOHRllX nJTaCTMIlOR C RpyrJThIMH B CCIIeHlflI
rB03,TJ,HMFI. )J,JTMHa MX 2,2-4 CM, IIIlIpMIIa
1,3 CM (pMC. 18,6, 9, 10).
K amaKo.M6a oM 4 (pllC. 19) pa3MelIl,aJIaCb
R 3alIaAY 0'1' ocnOBHOH rp06HHll,hI, B 6 1.1
0'1' ll,eHTpa. MaTcplIKoBbIH BbIKHA 1I0ATpe-
yroJlbHoH tPOPMhI nJTOn aAbIO 3 X 4,5 11
TOJTIIlIIHOH 0,4 M JTe}RaJT na JI:pCBneH 1l0-
BepXHOCTII 3anaAHee HMIiI. 3eMJTH HaA
BXOAOM B HMY IIpOCeJIa, 06pa30BaB B na-
CIiInM Kyprana nYCTOTY BhICOTOM 0,7 II
AJTHIWH 1,7 M. HMa B IIJTane OhIJTa opMen-
TMpOBalia C CCBepa Ha IOr. Ha ypoBue Ma-
TepHRa HMa IIMeJTa tPaCOJTeBMAHYIO tPOPlllY
pa3,\wpaMII 0,75-0,85 X 2,2 M, 60JTee IIIM-
POKYIO IIa ceBepe, "ICM Ha IOre. CBepxy
ee, BIIAIIMO, IIepeKphIBaJT AepcBHIIHhIB Ha-
CTMJT, CJTeAhI ROToporo "IaCTH"IIIO npOCJIe-
lliMBaJTHCb B 3anOJTHenMM HMhI. CTem\ll
HMhI cyma.'IHCb KO Any. Ha rJIy6lIHe 1,25 M
BAOJTb 3anaAnoH CTeHhI 6hIJTa CAeJTana CTy-
lIeHbRa IIIHpMnoH na ceBepe 0,5 M, Ha Jore
0,3 II BhICOTOH 0,5 M. rJTy6Mna HMhI 1,7 M.
.D:no naKJTOnnO nOHMmaJTOCb K BOCTO"IHOH
CTeHKe, r,TJ,e 6hIJT CAeJTaH He60JTbIIIOH IIOA-
60H IIIHpHnoH 0,18 M M BhICOTOH 0,73 M.
ITo AHY HMa BMeCTe C nOA60eM HMeJIa tPop-
MY HenpaBlIJIbnOrO Y3Koro OBaJTa pa3Me-
paMM 0,4 X 2,05 M. Ona 6bIJTa 3anOJTnena
O'leH'b p'bTXJf'bIM 'lCpTI03CMOM C nycToTaMH.
Ha CTeHKaX COXpaHHlmCb 'leTKMe OTRe-
'laTKH TeClIOBH;D;HOrO 0pY;D;HH t nIHpHHa
1
CTOHlIH BL(OlIl> CKOCa cTyneHI>KH, ceBepHaH
'laCTb KOToporo OCTaBalIaCb CBo6oL(HOH.
OHH pa3Mem,alIHCb nO'lTH Ha TOM me ypOB-
,
ro
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PRC. 20. 06pa3I1.bI aMtf>op If3 KaTaKoM6bI oN! 4.
pa6otffiro I\paJI 1\0TOpOro 4 CM. ¥):(ap Ha-
BOClIIllCH caepxy BUM3. B ueKOTopbIX Mec-
Tax ;D;lIHHa ClIe;D;a OT YJ1.apa paBHHlIaCb
0,47 M.
B HMe CTOHllH 19 He6011bIIlHX ;D;peBHe-
rpe'leCI\HX aM<pop, paCIIOJIOiReHHbIX IIlIOT-
uo L(pyr B0311e APyra B 'leTbIpe pm a. IIHTh
aM<pop, COCTaBJIHBillHe IIepBbIH pHLJ;, 3aHH-
MalIH IOiI\HYro IIOillOBHHY CTYIIeHbI\H. qe-
TbIpe H3 HHX npHClIOHeH'bI rOplIbIIlll\aMH
R 3aIIa;D;HoH CTeHl\e HMbl n CJIerl\a HaI\JIO-
HeHbI, IIHTaH, KacaBIllaHCH miRHOR CTeHI\H,
CTOHlIa BepTHl\alIbHO. KpaH BeIJlIHI\OB
9THX aM<pop HaXO;D;HJIHCb Ha rlIy611He
0,65-0.95 M. AM<popbI nToporo pH;D;a,
HaC'lHTbIBaBrnero Tal\me nHTb COCY;D;OB t
o
He, 'lTO II nepBbIH PH)];, Tal\ l\aK HOml\H HX
HaXO):(HlIHCb I>mm)];y ropllaMH COCyLJ;OB
HHlKHero, TpeTbero, pHLJ;a, CTOHBillero Ha
):(He HMb!. TpeTHH pH;D; COCTOHJI H3 TPex CO-
CY;D;OB. AM<pOpb! BToporo H TpeTberO PH;D;OB
HMelIH BepTMl\aJIbHOe IIOlIOateHHe. qeTBep-
Tb!H PH;D;, pa3MeIIJ,aBIllHHCH no BceH L(JIHHe
nO;D;6oH, HaC'lHTbIBalI IlleCTb aM<pOp. 1I3
HHX ;D;Be CTOHJIH Ha ;D;ue (ilepBaH C ceBepHOH"
BTopaH C roamoH CTOpOH), OCTaJIbHb!e 6b1-
JIH CJIerl\a lipHIIOL(HHTbI HaL( HHMH, Tal\
I\al\ OIIHpalIHCb o;D;HOH CTOpOIJ oil Ha cocy-
;D;bI TpeTbero pH;D;a, a ;D;pyroH - Ha BOC-
TO'lHYro CTeHI\Y HMbI. KpaJI HX ropm.Irnel\
HaXO;D;HlIHCb Ha rJly6HHe 1-1,3 M. Bce
all1<popbI B ;D;peBHOCTH 6bIllH HanOllHCHbl
173
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No aM- rJlyI!HH8 BCPXHCIt MaHCR-
tjJOPbl OOIllan qaCTH OT .u;HaMCTp .u;naMcTp
QBeT IIpHMecH BblCOTa BJdecTB- MaHCH Manbllbllt YCTbR BeUY:HIW
JlHll\a MaJJbBOI'D JlHaMCTp
JlH8MCTpa
1 CDeTJlO-rreCo'l- qepnbIe 66,7 57.5 28 27,5 9,3X7 12,8 X 10.2
HhIii: DRJIIO'lenIfR,
3epHa n3Be-
CTH, (iJleCT-
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2 P030BaTbIll qep",,,e 62,5 54 25,5 28,5 9,4 X 6,5 12X9,3
BRJIIO'IeHMR,
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3 P030BhID: . 65,0 57.5 26 29 8,5 11
4 iKeJlThIii . 66 55.5 26,5 28,8 8X6,8 H,2X10
5 OpaHmeBhIll . 63.5 54 26,5 27,5 8,7X5 H.8XS
6 CBeTJIO-neCo'l- . 65,7 57 28 28 8,8x8 12 Xl0,8
HhID:
7 CBeTJIO-neCo'l- . 65 58,5 26,5 27,3 8,5 X6,5 H,5X9,5
HhIH
8 OpaHmeBhIH . 65.5 56,5 27 27,5 9,2X6,8 12,3 X9,S
9 OpaHmeBhIll . 66,5 57 28,5 21,5 8,5x6,S H,6xto
10 CBeTJlO-p030- . [,4,5 57 28 27,5 8,2 X7.S H.2xto,5
BhIH I
11 OpaHmeDbIll qepHhIe 66,S 57 28,5 27,5 8,4 X 6,8 H.2X9,5
BKJlIO'IeIllIR, I
aepHa IlSBe-
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12 OpaHmeDLIll qepHhIe 56,5 55.5 26 27,5 1O.3X7,5 12,2 X9,3 I
DKJlIO'IeHHR,
sepHa H3Be-
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'3 P030BhIH . 65,5 56 27 26.5 8,5 X6,5 12X9,S
174
i (c...) KJ,eHMa 0nalU. KpaCKOH J],p)'rHe H306pallieHHH KpaCKOH
06'bCM ITPHMe-
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(8 J1HT- Ha'1CpTaUHC IIUC TaUBe Hue BBJ\ PaCIIOJlOlflCHHC
pax)
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qaCTb l'opJIa '1aCTb rop-
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10,7 APX/EAA BepxHSISI 61 BHH3Y PY'l- .
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9,5 TI ropJIo .
8,9 Tl fopJIO .
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KpymKaMH Ha
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ropJIa
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9,65 TI BepXIISllI n oJJ()Ca HomRa
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(M 5).
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nepr:JJIaCL o1'pa6neIluIo. BnepBl.de OHa
6Ltna orpa6neHa BCKope nocne cOBepme-
mill n01'pe6eHnH M 3 C nO\l.OIqblO 1'paull-
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nO! IWM C Ul'plllIfJlhI I\ypralla.
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.
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uaChlIIb, pon, lleHTpanblfaH 1'pOUlIIII a C ee
J];BYMH UXOJ.{aMU (norpe6emur oN! 1 U 3)
D MOrl!JIbI M 2, 4, 5.
HaCbInb. ConpeMeHDaH BJ.lCOTa l,yp1'aHa
OT ypOBDR J];penHeii nOBepXHOCTH 9,5 M.
JIHHHR Do1'pe6cIIHo1'o QepH03eMa npOCJIe-
amBaJIaCb no BceH nJIOIll;aJ];u Kypralla B
npeJ];eJIax nocJIennen J];OCLIDRII. l{ I cnTpy
J{yp1'aHa OHa B leCTe C JII1HnCll MaTepHI<3
IIMena 3Ha<JlfTc.'IbHYIO npocaJ];RY. nOCTH-
raBmylO 0,55 M (pnc. 5),- ue3ycnoBuoe
cneJ];CTBBe AaBJIeHBR HaCbIIID.
181
RaR nepBWmaR HaCbIIlb, TaR 1'1 Bce yRJranbIBaJICH B TpIf npHeMa. l1epBoHjl.
rIOCJIegYIO Ife ee gOCblIIRII 6bIJIII COopY- -craJIbHO -crepH03eM, a 3aTeM If rJIHH3, BM-
men},! If3 RYCI\OB gepua, -crTO OT-creTJIIIBO 6paCbIBaJIIfCb no 06eIfM CTOpOU3M OT
rrpocJIe mBaJIOCb B pa3pe3ax. TOJIbRO B nJIIIHHbIX eTCH rp06HII hl na paCCTORHlle
Bepxncii'" -craCTIf IIX CTPYKTypa' 6bIJIa pa3- 3 M Ha ceBepe If 4,5 M Ha lOre. Y JIOmenHbIH
MbITa npoca-crllBalOIIJ;IfMllCR BogaMII. TaKIIM 06pa30M BbIRIIg 06pa30B3JI nJIOCRHe
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RBJIHCTCH TO, -crTO If nepBlI'UIaR naCbIIlb, ceBepnoro BaJla paBnReTcR 7 X 16 M, lom-
II Bce 1I0CJIegYIOI lle, coopyiKaBmlleCR Hag Horo - 7 X 6-12 M. CUII3Y cpegnRR -cr3CTb
-3
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OCTaJIbHOll: HaCbInll OHII COCTOHJIII 113
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2 !\o1. OCHoBa RaiKgOll: gOCbIIlRII JIemaJI a
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IIWH naCbWH. TOJIIIJ;IlHa :noro CJIOH OROJfO
12 CM. OcrrOBanHe nOCJIegHell: gOCbIIlKIf B
pe3YJlbT3TC 3Toro HaxogHJIOCb Ha 0,4 M
Bblme gpeBlreH nOBepXIIOCTII.
.r IfaMeTp nepBII-crnoll HaCblIIH 6e3 (mpII-
C bIll KJI» 27, C nelO - 32 M. CKJIOnM ee
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nacToRm;eH nHpaMllgoH. 110n)'THo OTMe-
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KpYTI13ue CKJIOHOB MaJIO OTJIII-craJICR OT
COBpeMenHoro.
TIO-crTII BCR nogKypranHaH nOBepXHOCTb
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1\OM It:! qeIlTpaJIbHOH rp06HIIQbl. Bbmllg
, 182
Kamnoro BaJIa COCTOHJIa 113 -crepn03eMa,
cBepxy OR nepeKphlT 6ypOH rJIIfIlOH, Ha
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CTORJI TOJIbRO 1'13 6YPOH rJIIfHbl, HO cBepxy
ero rrepeKpbIBaJI eIIJ;e oAun CJIOll: BblJ01.ga,
COCTORIIJ;IfH qaCTIf'lrrO IT3 rrepeMemalllloH,
-craCTH-cruo 113 CBeTJIOH rJIy6HHnoH rJIHnbl.
::'hOT CJIOH Of\pymaJI rp06HIfljY CO Bcex
CTOpOU na mIfpIfuy 4-5 M If Tome OT-creT-
JIHBO oTgeJIRJICJI OT rrpegbIJ.\YlIjllX. 1'OJI-
IIHa ero B cpegHeM 20-25 CM.
He n03guee 'leM rrOCJIe YIWanKII BTOpOI'O
BaJIa BbIf\Hna, OnnOBpeMenno C pIJTbCM
rp06HH bl Ha-craJIOCb coopYil\eHlle naCblrrH.
OHa coopymaJIaCb B Bilge oKpymaBmero
rp06HH y ROJIbQeBoro HaJIa, TaR qTO KO
BpeMeHII YRJIagRII nOCJIegHero CJIOJI BbI-
KII!);a qepH03eM MeCTaMII yme nepeRphlJI
rrpenblnY lIe CJIOII II BnJIOTHYIO rrogomeJI
f\ MOrllJIe - na.1JbHHH RpaH BbIKHna JIer
na ::ITOT BaJI, a BeCb ero CJIOH UpIfIUIJI
Bll!); BOpOHKII. IIIlIpnua II BhlCOTa 06pa-
80H3BIDeHCJI TamIM OOp3:10M IWJIM.WBOn
HaChlllU C pa311hIX CTOpOH u},JJIa HepaBHO-
MepnOn. npOCJIeABTb UX BO Bcex CJIY'laHX
ne YAaJIOCb, HO no pa3pe3aM RypraHa
YCTaIlOBJIeHO, 'lTO C IOmHon CTOpOHW MOIl{-
HOCTb BaJIa 6bIJIa 3Ha'lIlTeJIbHO MeHbmen,
'leM C ceBcpHOH: 3AeCb BhICOTa ero AOCTH-
raJI3 3 M, 3 illHpHHa 8,5 M. Ao OJ{OH'la-
TeJIbIlOrO l13Y'lemIH pa3pe30B KypraHa
C03A3naJIOCb BneqaTJIelUIe, 'iTO 3neCb Ha-
XOAHJIaCb naKaJl-TO caMOCTOJITpJIbHaJl
KpyrJI3H naCblIlb.
Docne 1I0XOpOII naA rpourmI\£'ii 6blJI
COOPY»\8U nC60JIbmOH, no O'leUb KpYTon
nypran, BbICOTa ROToporo UpH 11.0BOJIbIl0
lIe3Ha'iHTeJIbllOM ]J,Ba?IeTpe (27 -32 1>1)
Morna AOCTuraTb 11 M (pHr.. 5).
CpeAHJIJI 'laCTb HaCblIIH 6blJIa UpopbITa
BTOp.uQUhlM rpa6BTeJIbClmM XOAOM B nRAe
ROJIOAn:a ]J,RaMeTpOlll ORono 6,7 111, Bepnr-
RanbHO onYCl:.anmerOCH AO rny6BHbI 8 M.
lIa 3TOM yponHe Y BOCTOqHOH U ceBepHoH
ero CTCll UWJIa OCTaBneH3 CT)'[JeHbRa IDB-
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pa3MepoB nxoAHon HMM. Y CTeH J{OJIOAn:a
n3 cTyneHbRe fiLum cnomenhl BbInYThie
rpa6UTenHMH 113 rp06rIU bI I;:aMIIB, Ha
OCTaJIbROH ee nJIOmaAH JIemaJI AOBOJIbHO
TOJICTbIH CJIon rm'IBhI Toro me, 'lTO n RaM-
flU, npOHcxOa\AeHHH (puc. 7). HanH'lBe
rIIHHbI n3 CTenKax ROJIOnQa [10 Bcen ero
BJ.ICOTe CBOlteTCJIbCTByeT 0 TOM, 'lTO 'iaCTb
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UUTeJISIMU H Ha BepmBHY l{ypraHa.l\OJIo-
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3elllOM C ne60nbIDHlIi KomPIeCTBOM J{aMHeii.
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B nepxHcH qaCTU KOJIoJUla, Ha rny6nlIe
1 M. Cpe11.H HHX BCTpe'lCn TonblW OAJIlI
o6pa60TalIlIbIii, npOHCXO.I\JllL lIn OT coopy-
amHHoro B rpouIIIHI,e l>aMeHIIOro CKne-
na,- rpa6uTeJIu, O'leBIt11.UO, CIICQHaJIbHO
BbmeCJIH ero Ha CBeT, 'lT06br XOpOIDO pac-
ClIlOTpeTb.
B 6 111 R 3anaAY OT BX011.nOH HMbI, o'le-
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IIH, Haxo.nHJIOCb IIHTIIO B3 TOn'lelIOrO 113-
BeCTIlHK3 AJIIIHOii 2 H IDopnlloii orwno
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110M UIdJI YJIojJ\elI Bhmn.n 03 HlIILl M 2,
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TOJlll\lIUe 0,15 M.
fIepnaH II BTOp3J1 nOCbIflKJf RyprtHU!
H3n60Jlee MOlD;Hble, TpCTbH - 3II3'1UTenJ,'
110 MeHhl/le Tn:. nOcne IIcpBoii 113 H"" .lI.na.
MeTD KyprUlla .nOCTor 40 111, nocne HTO'
\
PHC. 7. <I>panleBT pa3pe3a BblImaa H3 UCHTpanL-
Boii rpoOallJ{bI H mmmcii '1aCTH rpaOUTCJIb-
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pon - 47, IIOCJIe TpeTben - 42 M. TpeTbR
AOChIlIKa Ha BbTCOTY AO 2 M 6hlJ1a ORpYiIWHa
KonblJ,ellhiM IIhlTUlAOM 83 norpeoeUJ!R M 3
(BTOpoii xOJ( B QeIlTpaJIbHYIO rpouuHIW).
TonlI nHa ero, KaK H BhlCOTa, GblJl3 Gon MilO
B CCBepO-33I1a11.HOH 'laCTU ( o 25 CM), II
IOrO-BOCTOqnOH YMenhmaJIaCb AO 15 CM.
flOCJTC.nIIHH, 'leTBepnlH nOChrnKa, CBH-
3allIIaH C Dorpe6euBelll .1\2 3, n3K H TpeTbH,
6hIJIa He:ura'lnTCnbnOH:. CR.'lOIlLI KypraHa
nOCJIe nec UblJIH YRp,'nneII hi BlHl3y K1ll1f-
HeM, O'leUII;UJO, B Bn11.e I...p£' I ITI 11.'" , 011.IHIKO
OHa lJO'lTU lJOJIlIOCThJO Ublna uhlGpalI3 I\pe-
CTbfllI311ut II Cy.nHTb 0 ee KOHCTPYI\THBllhIX
oc06eHIIOCTflX TpYAHO. flo coxparnll.lIneii-
CH B naCblnll T\3MeRnoii RpOHIRe Momno
IIpe]1:[JOJIOmIlTb, 'lTO U1HpUlIa J\JlaJUHI Bun-
3Y AOCTlH8Jta 2,5 111, BMCOTa - 1,7 M.
lllIlpun3 rW.'lbl\a MOrJIa COCHtnJIflTb 6 M.
Tal\nllf oGpa30lll, 11.lIl\l\IeTp OOJIOil,('Hnoro
J{a:\llleM Ryprana paBDRJICJI G2 M. COBpe-
183
Menlll.Jii )J(e ero lnIa'fCTp 3a C'ICT Y}He yno-
MUlWBmeUCH raJICpell AOCTlH 76 M.
1\ 3anaAY OT eIlTpaJILHOii rpOOllnQbI
Ha Apenuell DOHepXIIOCTH, lIa'JltDaH OT
I(OfTT(a npeAIIoCJJ P ltnPI1 n O C'UpJllf 11/ HI')
r
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I
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YCTenennaJi l\femwii 1t3BeCTBRI\OBOii Kpom-
1\0ll, Tonm,BHOU OKOJJO 5 CM. JI.BaMeTp
ee l{OCTllran 6 M. l\al\ nOKa3ann IICCJJeAO-
Bamm l.\eHTpaJJbHOB rpOOIHIIJ;bI, BAeCI>
IIpOll3BOAHJIaCb 06pa60TKa l\aMHR AJJH
coopymeHHfJ B rp06HBIJ;e J{aMeUHoro cK.ne-
na. nO-nRAnMoMY, H CKOIIJJenHe J{pOlliKIf
Ha CKJJOHe IIepBH'IHOrO BaJIa IIpCACT8BnJl-
no coGoii: OCTaTl\n )Toro }Ke npon3BOACTllft.
Cpel{H I(aMBeu 06KJIaAI>H Kypraua
BCTpeqanBCb AOBOJIbHO peAJ{Be 06JIOMKB
C'I'C'HOI\ aM4>op. B aanaAHOM yqacTKe ua-
ebll:m BanAeH 4>panoleHT 6poH301mro npeA-
MeTa n I!HAe KOJIbl.\a B OTXOAJIl.I\ero 01' Hero
1R4
cnOM8UHoro CTCp;inIJI, nanmrnnaBlliero
06nmWK 3Bena YAR.'I (CJ,I. pRC. 34, 23).
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CJIY'laJIX 3, pOB 6LUI llLmOnall .Da 3IIaIJIf-
TCJIbliOM OTnaJIeIUm 01' naCL/IIn - pac-
C1'OHHne Mem}l;y IIHM :u l<peUIIl{OU l{OCTnra-
no 7-10101 (CM. pllC. 4). B IIJI3Ue IWIITypM
l(aHdBbI u:mU.'IHCThIe, JJO JIPCHOJll>lW MeIII,-
me, IJ(,M lIa ApynIx K 'praJIax. C ceBepo-
nOCTO'lIlOii If IOro-3anaAuou CTOPOU, 110
AJJlIHHOn OCR nxoAHoll flML/ Il,eIITpaJlbIwi-i
rp06nlll.(L/, 110 PBY OLJJIll OCT311J1CIILI Ane
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COOTneTCTBCIlHO: 118 ceBepo-noc1'oHe 2,5
If 3,2 M, WI JOrO-33u<!Ae 3,2 114M.
OIJepnlll"n pBa OT'Ie1'.IIJIIIO rrpOCJlemR-
DaJlHCL na rJIyGlIne 1,5-1,7 M. Ihlil\C :JTO-
I'o yponHfJ 011 CYn\aJICH KO AUY 1'peyrO.'lb-
HHHOM (pHC. 8). C03AaeTcfl Bne'IaTneUl'lp,
'11'0 BBepxy 011 paCmBpflJICn IIpn6JIII3H-
Te:IbIlO T3I\H'I }ue OOp330M. IUnpm13 ero
na yponue IIOJIn B Tal(OM CJIyqae Aomlma
COCT3BJIRTb 3-4,5 M, 'ITO COOTneTcTByeT
mnpHIIe 33IIJIL/BmeI'O y'laCTR3 K ceBCpy
OT HaCbIIln, coxpaillIRmerocn no llamHX
AHeH. BnYTpenHHll )1.B3AJeTp mlIl3BLI npH
aTOM AOCTHraJI 76-80 AI, fluCmmtll - 01(0-
no 90 M.
II3l1m 3aMepeIlO 38 nOIlPpp'IIIblX pa3pe-
30B pBa, 14 H3 HBX saqJlII\cnpoB8no rpa-
4>n'leCHII (pHC. 9). C}l;eJIaH TaJOHe npo-
AonbHblH pa3pe3 l\aH3BbI (pl-IC. 10). He
OIIBCblBaH IIOJIY'ICnHLIC npoq;JlJIII, O1'Me-
TIIM, '1TO nnIpnRa B rJIyGml3 H3U8nLl lIa
pa3nn'InblX Y'I3CTHax 83 pMI pOIJUJIB J].O-
BOJIbHO 3Ha'lHTenbiiO. B 06U\eM If rJIYOHR8
H mllpnua ee 3Ua'IHTeJILIi0 YMelll,wanllCb
R ceBepy J )1.0CTnran uanMellLUlIfX IIOHa-
3aTeneH HalIpOTHD BTopon DXOl{ROH HMb!
B euTpanbIlyIO rp06nnQY. fny6BH3 pBa
lIa Y'IaC1'l\e 0-21 101 01' 6pOBI\B 1\ cenepy
J{OJIe63JHICb B IIpPAeJIaX 1,6-1,75 101, BB
Y1JBCTHe }1m 39-54 101 }l;OCTBraJIa MHJIHMy-
Ma - 1,4 M. npeAIIOJIO"mTPJIbUaR mHpn-
UB KaBaRhl BBepxy SAPCb Be MOrJla IIpe-
BbIm8Tb 2,6 M. 3a 54:M II3'IBll3JIOCb yrJly6-
neBlle H pacumpeHHe pBa, TaK 'ITO na
Y1JaCTRe OT 70 ),1 BlInOTb AO cellepO-1I0CTO"l-
BOH nepeMbl'll\B lIa IIpOTmIteHBH 44 M
rJIYUHIIa t(OCTHraJIa 2-2,3, IDHpnna 3,8-
4A M.
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Ha. fJIy6llHa ero 3P;CCh 1,7-2,3, llInpnna
3,2-4 M.
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MOII\Hoe D3 'IeTbIpex. Ouo TJIIIynoch yaKoH
nOJIOCOll (0,15-0,4 1.1) TOqIIO nocpep;Hne
KauaBbI. OGJIOMKH aMcpop paBlioMepHo
'Iepep:oEaJIHCb C OCTaTHaMH IwcTeH, npep:-
f1 /1' 5 o' . J'
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" i ,/ N°27
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'v:Y 'L.-..1 I.f 1----1 2 @].r.
PIfC. 9. TIonepC'IHbIC pa3pe3bI pBa:
1 - norpe6ellllblJ!: 'Iepn03eM; 2 - pCIWHCTP}"R!UiH; J - HOMep TO'll{1l aaMepa.
OTMeTnM, 'ITO eCJIn R ceBepO-BOCTO'InOH
nepeMbI'IRe pOB neCROJIhIW yrJIy6mIJICH
e 06eHX CTOpOH, TO I{ IOrO-3anaJJ.lIon, Ba-
oGOpOT, CTanOBllJICJI MeJIb'l.e.
IIa BceM nponDl;elIHll pOB 6I,1JI aanOJI-
nen Qepn03eMnbIM aaTeROM. Ha 0,6 M
JJbIIlle p;na B aaMLIBC 3anap:Hoii nOJIOJ!llHbI
pBa, no 06eHM CTopOHaM nepel\1bI'IRn, 06-
napYiHenhI OCTanm rpII3HbI B Bllp:e OGJIOM-
HOB ROCTen iI\HBOTnbIX n aMcpopnoro GOH.
OCIIOBHaH Macca uaxop:OK Konn,enTpRpo-
BaJIaCh B 'I.eTbIpeX pa3JIll'lnOll Mo nOCTH
CROnJIeHlIHX, B npOMen;YTKax Memp;y RO-
TOpbIMH BCTpe'IaJIllCb OTL(CJIblIbIe ROCTII H
'IepenRn. Ha IOrO-3anap:HOM yqaCTRe pBa
na <non me rJIy6HHe OTRpbITbI p:Ba RonCKIIX
aaxoponeHHH, JIemaBllIHX B anaTOMH'Ie-
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t Pne. 19. TIJIaH norpeueHHfl B BIflie M 5:
1 - cepbra; 2 - GpacnCT; J -- nepeBJI3b H3 OYC; -1 - wlJnn .
ROCTeM KOnR n OBD:IJ, 3l(eCb ,J\e HaHl(eH 'lJ'e
pen H l(pyrHe ROCTH qeJIOBeRa. BepoHTHo
ROCTH iInIBOTHbIX npOIfCXO)J.HT U3 I1HHIH
HMeBmen B TaROM CJIyqae X03HnCTBeHHO{
H33naQeHnc. qeJIOBeqeClme ROCTIf, B03'
MOiJUIO, npunal(JIemaJIH noxoponeHHoMY
nepe)J. llo)J.GoeM CJIyrc. Cpe]J.II RocTen: 06-
HapymeHbI OGJIOMRH )J.BYX f1,eJIe3HbIX RO-
JIen: (4).
MeJKl(Y Humcn H BXOj:(OM B nOj:(3eMeJIbC
Bl(OJIb IOfI\HOn CTeHIiI APOMoca B 5-20 eM
BhIIue mla 06uapymeuo UOJIbIUOe ROJIH-
qeCTBO n03eJIeHeBHIHX OT ORHCJIOB 6pOH3bI
J\OCTen mHBOTHbIX, BepOHTlIO, BbI6pomeH-
nIJX rpaUIITeJIHMI1 If3 ROTJIa, 3 T3KiRe 06-
JIOMKOB aMtPop (3). O'leBu;:J.Ho, II KOTeJI
C MHCOM, II 3MqJOphI C BIUIOM CTOfiJIH B)J.OJIh
IOil\HOn CTeIII>l npOMOC3.
Huw.a oN!! 5 Haxoj:(UJIaCb 33 KaMeHHIilM
3aKJIal(OM BXO)J.a B nOl(3eMeJIbe B ceBcpHon
CTCHC )J.pOMoca. ll'op:Gon: lIMeJI OB3JIbHYlO
B llJIaHe <jJOPMY. Ero l(JIHH3 Bl(OJIb l(pOMOca
1,55 M, IDHpUHa B BOCTOqrrOM Topu;e 0,4,
B 3anaJI:HOM 0,6 H 1l0cpe]J.ll:He 0,9 M. J];HO
YCTpoeHO na 0,1 M UlIIIW )J.II3 )J.pOMoca. I
Toqno Ha HIIHIY BbIXO)J.HJI l(pOMOC .M 2,
BCJIC)J.CTBue qero OHa COXP3HHJI3 CBOli
OqepT3UllH TOJIbKO BHH3Y.
o
- /
20 CH
_1
191
1M
A &
1 l l _ ff
Pile. 20. TIJIaH pa3naJIa KaMennoro clmeua
II OCTaTKU nepellHeH CTeHhl:
I - l\IarepUK; II - llnUTbi eKJlena, coxpaHIIBIDHecH Ha
MCCTe.
IIa )];He nO)];60H cOXpaIUIJIOCL qeJIbfM
(eJJ;RHCTBeHHoe B rp06HHqe!) norpe6eHHe
CJfyrR, CY]!;H no I<OCTHM H HHBeHTaplO -
)J,eBOql\H-nO)];pOCTKa. CKeJIeT JfemaJI BbI-
THnyro Ha cnRHe rOJIOBOll Ha <lana]!;-
192
IOrO-33n3)];, R yeTbIO DXO)];a (puc. 18; 19).
I1HTIOr BbfTHIIYTbIX Hor HaXO)];RJIRCb BMe-
OTe. I1paBaH PYRa TalOIW JIem3JIa npHMO.
JIeJ!aH - HeCI\OJIblW OTBe)];eHa B CTOPOHY.
Y npaBoro BRCl\a YMepmell Halln;eHa 6pOH-
30BaH cepbra (6), Ha JIOI\TeBbfX lWCTHX
npaBoll PYHH - iHeJIe3Hbfll 6paCJIeT (5)
H nepeBH31> R3 6ye (7). B)];OJIb aTOll me
PYHR JIemaJIR )];JIRHHble meJIe3Hble m,Hn-
qbl (8).
I1 0 r p e 6 3 JI L B a H HaM e p a.
I1pHMoyrOJIbH3H B nJIaHe nOrpp63JfbHaH
HaMepa pa3MepaMR 2,8-3 X 5 M 6blJIa BbI-
HonaHa B npOAOJImeHRe )];pOMOea, O)];HaHO
6blJIa 3HaqRTeJIl>HO YiKe ero. HaqaBmeecJI
nepen Hell B03BblmeHlIO nOJIa )];p01tIOCa
npO)];OmI\aJIOCb )];0 HOHJ a nO)];3eMeJIbH.
nOCTRraH 0,4 M no OTnomeHHIO H IIaqaJIY
HOpRnOpa. B ceBepO-BOCTOqHOM R IOro-
BOCTOqnOM yrJIax nO)];3eMeJIbH, a TaHme B
ero IOiI-,HOll CTeHe 6bIJIR YCTpoenbI TPH
nO)];C06Hbre HHum (oM 1-3), OTIHCaHUe 1\0-
TOpbIX npnBe)];eM nOCJIe onHcaHRH OCHOI!-
HOM HaMepbl.
I1oA3e reJIbe Ha BbICOTY 1.(0 1 M 6brJIO 33-
BaJIeHO OCTaTRaMR HaMeHHoro coopyme-
HRH, nOCTpoeHHoro R3 TecaHbIX R3BeCTHH-
KOBbIX nJIHT (pRe. 20). I1epBOHaqaJIbHOe
ero pa3pymeHHe, BepoHTHo, 6b1JIO Bbl3Da-
HO 06JIaBaMH CBOna, 3aBepmRJIR ero BTO-
pRqIIl>fe rpa6RTeJIR, np06paBIImeCH B YiKe
orpa6JIeHHbIll CKJfen. He Hall)];H B HaMepe
nparoqeHnocTell, OHR B nORCKax nOCJIeJ];-
HHX COpBaJIH 3UaqRTeJIbHYIO qaCTb J{aMeH-
Horo nOJIa.
B 06m,ell CJIOlliHOCTH D Ha1.1epe Hafl)];eHO
OKOJIO 90 nJIHT, R3rOTOBJIeHHbIX B3 1.1Hr-
qallmerO H3BeCTHHKa, BbfXOJ];bI ROToporo
HaXOAJlTCH Ha p. meJITOR B 5 H1.1 OT HYP-
raHa. 06pa60THa H nO)];rOHHa HX npOR3BO-
)];HJIHCb Ba onRcaHHon BbIme nJIom,a)];Ke H
aanaAY OT 1.1orRJIbi.
nOCJIe .pa360plU'! 3aBaJIa BbIlICHRJIOC:b.
'ITO HlDKHHH qaCTb coopymeHlIH coxpaBH-
naCL neTpoBYTOfl (pHe. 21; 22). B nepe,n;-
Hell qaCTR KaMepbI, Ha rpaHRqe ee C )];PO-
MOC01.1, COXp3HHJIRCb OCTaTHH nonepeqHoi
creHbI, CocToHIqIIe H3 ;n:BYX oTpe3HOJl.
CreHa coopymeHa HB DJIRT pa31.1epa1.1IiI
.l
'\
-j
Puc. 21. OCTaTRIf Ka&lenHOrO CKnena B lteIITpanL-
nOH rpoGmuw (BH CBCP Y).
0,3-0,4 xO,5-0,55 M, UOJIOa\ellllbIX OAna
na JJ:pyryIO nJIamMH 6e3 KalWn-JIuGo CBH-
:m. CeBepHwH OTpe30I\ COCTOHJI U3 ABYX-
Tpex pHJJ:OB TaKHX DJUIT (ImllmR .M 43-48
na pHe. 20), lO}RlIMii - H3 ABY,\( - llRTll
(KaMuR .l\i'!! 4U-5 '). nOcpeI\lIue ltIemny
JIHMn naXO!l;llJICH npOPM. npeACTaBJIHeTCH
nepOHTJIhlM, qTO CTeHa UOAnH taJIaCh AO
C311wro CBOAa nOA3eMeJIhH. TpYAnee pe-
DlHTb Ronpoe 0 npoucxo)J,nemm npoeJlla.
HcXonH 83 Toro, qTO on UeCHOJIbKO CMemeH
K ceBepy (n name 1f3 ero mnpUHbI), 60JIee
RepORTllbiM 6YAeT llpenllOJIOiI\llTb, qTO 011
06p3aOBaJICR B peaYJIbTaTe AeRTeJIbllOCTH
rpa6lITeJIeH. nepnonaqa.'IbIlO iIm CTena
6hIlI3 fnYXOH. TaHIIM 06paaOM, CoopYiKe-
RHe ee npon3BOAH OCb UJIU, BO BCHKOM
13 1-1058
PUC. 22. OCTaTKIf mmCJJIIoro CRJICrra B I.\eUT-
paJIbnoii cpoUnlII.(c (BI! CIICP<'i1U).
\\ rf1-fRr8
\I': r
/(/;1(1(1/1 &1_
.
- . ".0...: :0". ..}: "' ,
.' <,:c. '" .: ::.; ',', .C ,- .f.<'
G, t:IIIIHI
ElI.'I
o. . . .1 M
Pnc. 23. nnaH OCT87KOB IO'KHoii H ceBepnoii CTcn
B enTpanLlloii rpoGHHI :
1 - COXp3.IJHDwnecR Ha ..cere U,/HIThi CTeU; II - (/(jop-
A1Opbl» H n.anTbi nMa.
c.'Iyqac, 3anepmaJIOCb yme nOCJIe BTOpbIX
noxopon. OAHalW eYlI.{CCTBOBaHHe npoeMa
B ApeDIIOCTU He HCl\JIlOqaeTCR.
3a IOmIIl"M OTpe3I\OM :nOH CTem,I, DOn
lOiKHOH CTenOH IlOA3eMeJIbH, eoxpamIJIaCh
AOBOJIbIIO HecnCTeMaTnqeCJ{aR KJIaAJ{a, 06-
JIHIJ;OBanHaR co CTOpOlIbl CImena BepTn-
KaJIbHOH unRToH (Jf2 60) H3 qnCJIa Tex,
KOTopble COCTaBJIRJIR 06JIHIJ;OBKY CTen B
OCTaJIbnOH qaCTH I\aMepbI (pRC. 23). Oqe-
BnAu , C UOIIIO MO )TOH RJIaAHR 6bIJIa YR-
pellJIeua MaTeplIROBaR CTeHa, uaqanmaH
pa3pymaTbcH U3-3a YCTpoHcTBa 3AeCb
URmH oM. 3. 06 a'TOM CHUneTe.nbCTByeT TOT
4>aKT, qTO onllCbIBaCMbIH OTpe30lt JO>ImOll
CTenhl uO 3eMeJIbH YfnyoneH R lOry B3-
JllIloro 60.'Ibme qCM B OCTaJIbHOH qaCTH
RallIephI.
193
OcnonnaH qaCTb EaMennoro coopyme-
HUH UaQIIH3.JIaCb Ha I1eROTOp01\l pac-
CTOflHuu OT nCpeJl.HeH CTelIl.l. B 0,6 M OT
Hec BAOJlb cOBepnoH CTeIILl IlOA3eMeJIbH
COXpaHHJJHCb ceMb IlOCT8BJICIUlbIX lIa
po6po llJIUT. MeiI\AY HDMn U BOCTOqnOH
Topl\QnoH CTcnOH uar.wpw OCTanaJIOCb
MecTO e c A.IIH O)'l:nOll (pnc. 23; 24). Ulupn-
Jla ;)TIIX llJIlIT OT 0,38 AO 0,6 1\1. TOJIbIW
Alle 113 mn. TpeTLfI II qeTBCpTafI (M 73,
PIdC. 24. OCTa'l'l{If ceBcpooll CTCUbi CHJJcua.
75), coxpanUJIUCb na nOJIHYIO BhlCOTY
(U,8 M), OCTaJIbIIbIe B TOll JlJJJf nnO:H CTe-
1l('IIU Ol\aSamtCb 06JIOMaHHLIMI1 cBepxy.
06 afi Amwa CTeHW OT nepBoro J{aMUfl
)'1:0 Topu;a 1l0AseMeJIbfl 3,6 M. CoxpaHun-
IIIlteCfl Ha 1l0JIHYlO BblCOTY RaMIIn B Bepx-
Heir qaCTll llMelOT S8TCC8HHLIO npRr.w-
yrOJIbDIIIWM CMOil\Hble YCJIliI II COe)'l:IIHO-
Db! )'I:pyr C ApyroM llpHMoyrOJIbHbl\1 BRJIa-
,lUillJIeM pa3Mcpa'm 12 X 15 CM. l\ar.meii C
0AHll1\l saTeC3HHhUI yrJIOM 6hlJIO Miloro B B
3anOJIHenmr E8MepbI. 110CKOJIbEY Bl\JIa-
Ablill HDRalmM 06pa30M He 1.101' IlX CRpen-
JIRTb, OCTaeTCfl npeADOJlOamTb, qTO aaTec
;z:(eJI3JICR Ha MeCTe 06JIOMaHHblX cJlYQaHHO
yrJlOB, J{OTOpbIe peCTaBpnpORaJIllCb B AaJlb-
HeHlIIe!\I RRJla)'l:blilleM. 3TO CBllAeTeJIbCTByeT
o nc06J,lqaiinOH Tm,aTeJILnOCTIl pa60T.
Ha Ane Clwella y DepBoro l\aMHH ce-
ncpnon CTenbl JIemaJIa llJWTa pa3r.repar.IH
0,3 X 0,48 1.1, OAHaKO YCTallOBIITb, llpOllC-
XOAItT JIll OHa OT DOJla HJIIi llona.na CIOAa
CJIyqaiiHO, DeB03MOlliIIO.
HUilmflfl QaCTb JOmHOH CTeHbI 1l0Ase-
MeJIbH 6bIJIa 06JIIII\OBaHa Tal\ meA EaR II
194
ceBcplIaH, OADaEO COCTaBJlHBmne ee llJIll-
TbI 3HaQATeJIbliO ya,e n BhITIle conepllbIX
(pnc. 25). llIupuna u'{ B cpeJJ,HCM 0,3-
0,35, BhICOTa 0,9 M. nOpo1I.a 3TUX RaMHen
HCCI\O.'lbRO HHaR: oun TBcpme llpC)'I:hIJ1.Y-
mux II lIMelOT cepORaTbIH OTTeDOK, TOCAa
J{aR OCTaJIbllhle RaMI1lI coopymenlIR-
C ;t,eJITU3110ii.
HaK llJICaJIOCh BLlme, cpaay )I(() 3a lle-
pC Heii CTCHOll COOpYiI-teHllH CTOHJIII u;eJlaH
Pnc. 25. OCT8T1ill IOHmOll CTCBLI CI\JIena.
B 06JI01\laHDaa BepTURaJIbHMC DJIHThI, sa
IWTOphIMH BaXO)'l:HJIaCb sa6YTOBIm Bld-
BaJlIIBrneHCfl MaTcpHROBOD: CTellbI. Ha
DOJIY, HaH n C DpOTllBOnOJlml\BOii CTOpO-
Bhl, TaRH,e JlemaJla llpHMoyroJlbHafl I1J1UTa
Tex me pa3MepOB.
,D,aJIbille R DOCTOKY UhlJI OCTaBJIPII CDO-
60j:(HWM OT 06JI11U;OBHU npoelli A.lIR IJxoAa
B Hurny oN!! 3. HepeA Hen B OJl.I111 PHA c
06J1nQORRoii 6UJI(i nOCTRB enbl )J,Ba RaMHH
BIilCOTOii 0,12 CM B BllAe Doponma. OUJlU-
I{OBKY CTCHhI OT HllillII )'1:0 yrJIa COCTaBJIRJIU
ceMb BeprnKaJIbHblX nJlIlT, OIIllcaHDblX
Bblme.
B roro-BOc.TOqHO\f yrJlY 1l0)'l:SeMCJIbH
COXpallDJlUCb fIa r.reCTe 'II'Tblpe 60JIbillne
D;lIITbl OT nO.lla (pnc. 26). HOHllmcypaU;IIH
II pa3MephI ll,{ paSDMe -. Hcno BIIADO, qTO
OHn nOArOllRJlIICb oAHa I, APyroii yme B
llpOu;eCc.e YRJIa RB. PaaJllepbJ nanMeUbrne-
ro J{aMHR 0,46 x 0.56 M, HanOOJIbillerO
0,5-0,6 x 0,7 M. Me;t'J\Y nOJlOM II 06JIH-
I.(ORROH CTeHhl OCTaBa:laCb Iu;eJlb, ROTOpylO
saJIOil\I1JIH BponCHb C 1l0JIOM TeCaDbIMII
6pycRaMH B D.IIJJ:e «60PAroPOB».
nO Top eBOH BOCT01JnOH CTenOH 00-
JIII1 OIJI(a He coxpaUUJIaCb, o naIW nOIi:pw-
Tue nona OTCTOHJIO 01' nee pOBIIO ITa 1'0.'1-
l!.(l1l1y llJIUThI, U3 qero 1II0mno 3aKJIfOqHTb.
'11'0 II :na CTena 6blna 06J1UU;OBana.
no KOnDQCCTBY 11 pa3r.mpa.r,,1 IiallmcH,
ounapymclIlIw B 3aBaJ1e K8MCpbl, r.lOnmo
npuiiTH K BLIBO y, '11'0 '1aCTb n\: COCT8DnH-
na nOKpLl1'ue nO.'la, PyraH ilie npOJlc)\'o-
11;"1' 01' BToporo pfI1I;a oumlI.I,OBJ\Ii Up01l;0J1L-
HI.dX CTCH " nCCll Topl eBoii. Cn01l; CIi.!lena
npu n01l;0UUOll 1i0IlCTPYKU;UH CoopY_lieUUH,
CCTCCTBCIIno, OCTaRt1nCfl MaTeplllWBbllll.
BhICOTa OUJmllOnanIlblX CTeH }J.ocTDrana
1,6-1,8 M (pIlC. 14) Han: u nOJipW'lJ-te
nona, ItaMlUI ofi:nlI oBlm CTen cTporo UO}J.-
rOUfInIICb o}J.na K JJ.pyroii Ii npo ecce pa-
(jOTId II YKJIa1l;wBanllCb 61'3 KaKOll-JIUUO
CBH3U.
TaKuM 06pa30M, n:aMeniioe CoopYHwnne
B naMepe COCTOllnO 83 OUnUU;OBJUI CTeIl II
Ilona, nepe1l; JWTOpbTMII uocne 3aBepmenIlH
noxopOII 6wna CoopY_i(cna I1mpol\alI, o'le-
Blf1l;JIO, rnyxafl CTena. He06x01l;IIMO OTMe-
TDTb, '11'0 D 3anOnHeJIUH KaJlfepI.I Haii1l;eJIo
60JlblliOe ROnUqeCTBO rB0311;eii (14). MOihno
npeJJ.UOJI01HHTb, 'lITO C llX UOMOIl bTO TK8Hfl-
MU HJIH KOBpaMU ULIJI sa1l;panlJpOBaH Ma-
TepUnOBJ>lll CBO , a, B03MoniHO, H CTCH1.l
CJ\JJcna.
HUlUa ]v'll 1. Bxo}J. B UOA60ll HaX01l;J1JIcn
B ceBepo-BOCTO'IHOM yrny RaMepw. 01'
Cl\nena uo.n;3eMeJlbe OT.n;enHJlOCb MaTepu-
l\OBbIM UOPOlHlWM BblCOTon H II1HpIlIlOii
OHono 10 CM. llillpun8 BxoAa 0,7, BbICOTa
0,8 M. lIuma B uJlane rpyrneBn.n;Holl 4>op-
MbI, }J.JlHnOll 1,3 n mupnRoll OIwno 0,7 M.
Cnon apO-<JUblH, n8nUOJlbmaH ero BblCOTa
0,8 M. )J,no naXOnHTCH Ha OAnOM ypDBne
C MaTepUHDDbllll n0J10M l\aMepbI, opDeHTa-
I\IHI' COOTBeTcTByeT opnPH1'aI\llIl cJ{JIena.
B 3anonneHnn CnJ1ena D Ra ero .n;ne He
BCTpe1JeHO nnqero, 3aTD nepen BXOAOM B
mUllY B 6ecuopHP;ne nemami JWCTli pe6eH-
1m, BCpOHTHO, Bbl6pomeHHbIe rpaGuTenH-
MI1 li3 nee.
l/ulUa M 2 6wJIa YC.TpDeHa B roro-Boc-
TDqUOM yrJlY J{aMepbI. llIupHHa BXOAa B
nOp;SeMeJIbe O 7 M,. B.blCOTa 0,8 M. B IInaHe
13.
RaT3ROM6a UplllllO T0J1L1IaII, opnCHTUpo,
Balla no yrnoM It llorpcGa.'ILHOH liaM£'pc,
C BOCTOlia lIa S8naJ.(. Pa3Mcpbl ee O,G X
X 1,4 M. CnoA apOQlmll, nhlCOTOU OIWJIO
0,8 M.
I-Ia Jure UOJJ.60fl nil r.mC1'e coxpam1JIUCb
'IIaCTb pe6ep, IICCRO.1hKO D03BOHHOB H nOK-
TeBaH KOCTb PYKJI peuemm. CynJ{ no oc-
- ....
Pnc. 26. OCTaTKII nOJIa 8 roro-nOCTOqnO\l rrJIY
CKJIena.
'faRnaM, OH 6WJI norpeU£'II n m,lTHHYTOM
nOJIOmelllUl IIa CDl-IHe lJormm K norpe-
6aJlblIOH J\aMepe, rO.'10nOll lIa DOCTOR.
B OUJl3CTIJ ,IiJIBO'fa yr.f!'pmero HallAeIIU lle-
CKDnblW low,man DaCTOBLIX uyc (g).
lluwa J{g 3 pacuonomCIIa B IomHDll CTe-
He CKJlena. BXD.n; B lIce 'IaC1'UqnO (cnpaBa)
pa3pYIlllIJICH H GUJI YKpen.TJCII HaMIIHMll
eII:\e no npeMfl cODpyn';(>nflH. B COBpCr.lell-
HOM BDAe mlJplllla n'\.op;a 1,1, RLICOTa 1 M;
B npennOCTH DocnCJJ.lIflfi, D'IelHlAlIO, lil
npeBLImana 0,6 M.
B uJlane nOlIGoll liMen nn;.J, npflMOYI'OJJl,-
HDJ\a C CUJ]bIID 3aKpyr.TJPHIiLlMII yrJl3MH
pa3r.mpar.m oJ\ono 0,7 x2 M. lID JJ..lJUIIC
nD.n;Goii nbITHII) T BnOJI b nDrpe6aJ] LUOll
l\3\lepbl, nDA yrnoM H ee npOAOJIbJIOij
OCII. .IJ.IIO nOA3eMCJlbH na 8-12 CM unme
MaTepnJ\OBoro J],I1a CJWcna, cnoA 3IIa'1l1-
TeJlbHO 06pymeH. B SanOJlllCUUn Hlimu
BMeCTe C IWCTH\IJI nO]lpOCTKa 06napYiHeHbI
06nOMOl\ 6pon30Roro upacneT3 (10), JlHTOH
nepCTeHeH co m.UTHOM (1 t) flY" UCUOJlM110C
KOJlnqeCTBO uaCTOBWl>. uyc, B TOM qUCJIe
195
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PIfC, 27, IIJIaH If pa3pe3bI DTOpll'IHorO xOJ.\a D rp06mw;y (YCJlODHbIe 0603Ha'lemHI
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197
OOJT!,IJ[aH B BII,[(e '1eJIOBe'leCIWU MaCI\H
(12, 13).
B 3arIOJIHCHHH JIorpe6aJIbHOU KaMepbl,
J]:nam,[(bI rrepepbITOM rpa6IITeJIHMH, Hau-
,[(eHbI IWCTH nrCCTII IIOIWD:HIHWn, n TOM
'JlICJre TpeX B3pOCJlbIX II TpeX ,[(eTeU. He-
COMIIOHIIO, ,[(eTCKHO CKCJIeTbl npHIfa,[(JIeiHa-
JIII COnpOBOil\,[(aIO HM nOrpe6eIlIIHM, Ha-
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<pparMcIIToB J(pOTHKOB H KonHll (18),
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(19), 6oenoll: Tonop (20), B03:\IOiKHO, OCT-
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200
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06BamJB, Ha )],He ero IIpOCJIeiI\IIBaJICH TOJIb-
KO He60 bIlIOH C OII 3aTeI\a. lloBepx HerO
BCTpeqaJIIICb KOCTII n{IIBOTHMX H 06JIOMKII
aMqJOp, 3a6pomeHHMe CIO.o;a BTOPIIqHMMII
rpa6IITeJIHMII.
Ha IIpOTHiIWHIIII IIOCJIe.o;BHX 5 M cBepxy
3aMbIBa XO)], .o;OBepxy 6bIJI 3a6nT rJIIIHOH,
IIepe6poIllClIHOH CIO.o;a BTOpII'lHMMII rpa-
6HTeJIHMI1: 3.o;ecb HaH.o;eIIM 06JIOMKn KOB-
cl\Oro qepeIIa C II03eJIeHeBIIIHMH 01' OKIIC-
JIOB 6pOH3M KOCTHMH xpaIIa, B03MOiI\H0,
CJIe.o;aMll lIaHOCHHKa. flepe6pocaB rJIHHY
B XO)]" rpa6IITeJII1 3a6YToBaJIH ero co CTO-
pOIlU Clmena KaMHHMII. IIMeJOTcH OCHOBa-
BHH IIpe.o;IIo araTb, qTO BTOpIIqHOe orpa6-
JIeBIIe MOrIWbf IIpOII30IIIJIO yiIW B HOBeH-
TIme BpeMeHa, nepBllqHOe me COBepIIIeHO
BCKope IIoc e BTOpbIX IIOXOPOB, Kor.o;a
em;e IIOJIHOeTbIO He pa3JIOIKnJIHCb TpyIIM
JIemaBIIIHX B .o;pOMoce .N'2 2 KOHeH.
PRe. 31.. <1JparMcHTHpoDaHHaH aM<popa H3
CIWcna IJ,CHTpaJIbHOii rpo6HHI bl.
PIfC. 32. Ronum aMlfJop H3 U-CHTpaJIbHOii rpo6-
HJlIJ,bI.
o II H caB H e H a x 0 .0; 0 1\ H 3 e H T-
paJIbHOH rp06HII br:
1. AM<popa H3 BXO.o;HOH HMM oM 1
(pHC. 30, 2) HMeeT AOBOJIbHO IIIIIpOKHH,
CJIerKa pa3AYTbIH Kopnyc n y.o;JIHHeHHYJO
OCTPYlO HOfl\Ky. rOpJIO mIaB O nepexo.o;IIT
B II.TJ., eqIIKll BeHq!II, oKpyrJIhIH, xopomo
, BbIJJ,eJIeHHbfil, .o;naMCTpOM 13,5 CM. PyqKH
OBaJI LHble B CeqeHllII, TO m;llHOH 2,75 CM
H BbICOTOH 26 CM. BhICOTa ropJIa BMeCTe
C IIJIeqllKaMH 33 CM, 06m;aH BhICOTa aM<po
pM 81, ,lJ,II<lMeTp Kopnyca 34 CM. HOilm-
a
203
.
'e
20',
-
-
..
-
aal(aB'UIBaCTCH paCIDnpenllOll I1HTI\Oll
,lJ,lIaMcTlwM 7,6 CIII C 1\0Hl Plffpn'leCKBM
nOHClWM na pcGl'c. Cnn3Y Hc60JIblllOC
(0,5 CIII) yrJIy6JIeHllC ,lJ,IIaMeTpOM 3,5 CM.
r.'JIIUil aMl}Jopbl XOpOIIIO OTMY'leUUaR,
C BI\JIlO'ICIIlHIIIIlt DJlpHTil H GenLlx 'Iac't1il .
Ha rop le nog IJClI'lltlWM - IWHlWHTIJl\'IC-
clmll I10RCOI<, JIaHCCClIHt.1ii l<paCHoii J\pac-
1\0iL CBCp>"y na OGCll)' PY'II;:aX OTTllcnYTO
KneiiMO, COCTOHII\pe 113 JIUTCp «J1E».
2. AMl}Jopa IIJ B\.O,lJ,llOii RMhl .M 2 (pnc.
30,1) HMeeT Till\YIO me clJOPMY, OTJIB'IaRCb
mUlih nC3Ha'IHTeJlhHLlIIIH geTilJIRMH. 1\01'-
DYC ee MeHee pa3gYT, BCH'IlIK npRMoyrOJIb-
Hhlll B CC'leHllll, yr ny6JIcInIC na DR fKe
OTCYTCTByeT. BbICOTa aMlJloPhl 82,S CM,
gnilMcTp BeH'IlIl,a 13, I1ne'IHI\OB 33, DR1'lm
7,6 CM. Tonml1na pY'leI( 1'a Hm, BLlC01'8
28,S CM. r.T1J1H8 C Tal\llMII me BRJIIO'leUIIR-
MH. nog BeH'U!J{Ofo.l - pa31\1bITLlii 1l0HCOR
1(()acHoii l,paClnI. Ihm,c pro na ropJlP TOll
iRe lilJaCIWll nLlnecpno hJICii"o M3 JIliTep
«J1E».
3. OG.TIOllfl\JI aMclJop 113 rpof"imll\J,I ItpOMe
CTeDOI\ npegcTaBJleHhl CI\.'IellBnIHMCR J{Op-
UYCOM C PY'IIwii, no ue3 rop:w (puc. 31),
OAltllHaJ{l\ilThlO HOil\liil:l1lt (pIIC. 32), a
TaEme clJparlllCBTall1lt 11 Bell'lIIlWB R CBLlme
20 }>Y'leK. Cygfl no ;nllM Ha\.OJJ.lWM, D MO-
rlIJIe CTOSWH 12 illllclJOp, a C Y'lCTOM DOCT8B-
.'IenHhIX BO B OI{Hba HMiU - 14.
OcoueHHYlo l..(ennOCTb Cpf'gu :'JToro Mil-
TPpIWJla DpegcTilB:UIJOT gBC PY'lIm, Da IW-
TOpLlJ\. OT1'IIcnYTO ogno II TO me I1pRIIIO-
rOJIbnOC I\JleiiMO,'COCTOHJl(f'C 113 pellleTl\II
II ll,lJ,ymeu BJ(OJIb Tpe\. CTopon n8,lJ,I1MCII
i(<I>A2:H2N H PU<!>Ql\'», Dp01J fcnlfe 1\0-
TOpOll, BBlIgy nC'lCTIiOCTU OTTIlClia, B03-
IIIQ}I{HO TOJIblW II pll CJIIi'IeHlIlI 060IIX
J\JleiiM (pIlC. 33; 34, 23, 26).
4. OgHO n,eJloe nieJle3HOe 1\0JIb[{0 11
I}Jpar!\leHT gpyroro, gHilllleTpOM 11 CM
1I3 KpyrJIOro B ce'IeHIlU CTepnmR TOJIII\H-
HOll 0,6-0,8 CM (puc. 31, 11, 19).
5. iKeJIe3Hblii Gpac.'IeT Toro me nma,
'11'0 II DpeJl,hIAYDJ.lle 1\0Jlbl\a, COXp8HIIJICR
PIle. 33. QempaJIJ.H3H rpoumllW. 06JJOMRI1 py-
'1eK 3McpOp c KJIeii Ia'1lI (I, 2).
[[ , · - r J: A;' - -@t jl
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PRe. 34. OCTanw H1il!CmapJl 83 eHTpa.1LHOll rpOUHIlI..\bI (1-22, 24-26) Ii HdCbIlli1
(23).
<pparMeHTapHO. )J;lIaMeTp ero 12 CM, TOJI-
Jl\RHa CTeplI\HH 0,6 CM (pRC. 35, 1).
6. I\pyrJIaH cephra ,iJ,lIaMeTpOM 3 CM
!f3 6pOH30BOM npOBOJIORR C HaHR3aHHhIMR
ITa Hee ceMbIO 6yclIHaMR (pRC. 35, 2).
Cpe M HIIX 60JIbmaH I<anJleBR,iJ,HaH 3eJIe-
Horo neTa, RPYIl)IbIe meJITaH C 6eJIo-
rOJIYUJ,JMR rJIa3J\aMR U TeMHo-cepaH C 6e-,
JIoii nOJIOCOH no )J.RaMeTpy, a TaJORe qeThI-
pe He60JIhIlIRO ROJIhqaThIe 3eJleBOrO R i!\eJI-
Toro I\BeTOB.
7. OT nepeBH3R R3 6yc Ha pyRe CJlY-
iRalIIUI R3 HRmR M 5 cOXpaHR.'lOCh )J.eBHTh
Me.'lKRX ROJIhqaTMX 6YCRHOR ,iJ,UaMeTpoM
0,5-0,7 CM me.'lTOBaTOro, CBeT.'lO-ROPMq-
HeBoro R 6RpI030Boro BOTa (puc. 35, 19).
8. JI\eJle3HMe ru;Rn hl ,lJ,.'lRHOi'r 44 CM
!f3rOTOBJIOULI R3 nOJlOClUI, neperuYToll
nocpeAlIHe C 06pa30BauReM RO.'lh a
(pnc. 34, 20). TIO,lJ.BIHRHLIe ROU hI HMeIOT
ue;ma'IHTeJlhUOe OBaJlhHOe paCIllRpeURe.
9. fIaCTOBbIe 6YChI U3 HUIIIR N2 2 l1pe)].
CTaBJleHLI 6eJIOH R rOJIy60H 60qOHlWBU,lJ.-
HJ,IMR, ,lJ..TIlfHOH 1,2 U 0,9 CM, u11 MeJlI\UMU
RO.'lbQaTLIMR )J.uaMeTpOM ORO.'lO 0,7 CM
mC.'lTOrO, CBeT.'lO-ROpWUIeBOrO R 6UpIO-
30Boro I\BeTa (pRC. 35, 3).
10. 06JIOMOR 6pou30Boro 6paCJleTa U3
Hl1Il1U N2 3, 1I3rOTOB.'leUUOro R3 OBa.'lbHOll
B ceqemm npOBO.'lORU TO.'lID;UHOll 2 X 3 MM;
coxpaHuBlIIlIllCH Rouen; HeCRO.'lbRO yn.'lO-
rn;eu (puc. 35, 10).
11. MRuua TIOpHbIii n;e.'lbHO.'lUTOH ,6POH-
30BhIi'r nepCTeUb C TOHROH )J.YiRROn 1I
OBa.'lbHbIM B n.'laBe ID;UTROM pa3MepOM
1 x 1,5 CM. TIocpe,lJ.UBe ID;UTRa yrJly6.'leB-
Hoe Il306paiReBRe 6e,iJ,pa mUBOTBoro, 113-3a
JWpp03UR npOCMaTpHBaIOID;eeCH HeQeTl<O
(puc. 35,11).
12. fIacToBhIe 6YChI 113 HRlllR M 3 npe,iJ,-
CTaBJIeHbI qeThIpbMH TOBRRMR n;UJIUB,lJ.pR-
qeCRRMR 3e.'leBOrO n;BeTa, cepoH R ROPIlQ-
HeBOH OI\pyrJIbIMR C B)J.aBJIeHUHMU R
IIHTBa)].QaTbIO IW.'lbqaTbIMU i!WJITOrO II
3CJIeHOrO I BeTOB (pRC. 35, 4).
13. fIacToBaH 6ycuHa CRHero IJ:BeTa B
BR)J.e qe.'lOBeqeCROH MaCRU (pRC. 35, 18).
Hoc C)J.e.'laB U3 6e.'lOII naCTbI, eIO me 06Be-
).{eHbI r.'la3a. POT R nHTHO Ha .'l6y ROPRq-
206
HeBoro n;BeTa. Ha rOJIOBe BaJIUI\Ono,lJ.OO-
BhIll rO:IOBHOH y60p, YRpameHHhIH BUTOU
6eJIOH JIeBTOH.
14. 18 06JIOMROB RPYIIHhIX meJIe3HbIX
rB03,iJ,eH co IJIJIHIIRaMU. HeKoTopbJe rB03,iJ,R
II30rHYTbI. H3rOTOB.'leBbI JI3 Rpyr.'lbIX B ce-
qeBUR cTepmBeH TOJIID;RHOll 0,7-1 CM.
,r:(lIaMeTp IJIJIHnRR 1,5-2 CM. ,r:(.TIIIBY rB03-
)J.eH YCTaHOBRTh BeB03Moamo (pRC. 34,
8,9).
15. 12 06JIOMROB iRe.'le3BLIX nOJIOCOR II
clw6. Ha HeROTopbIX COXpaHR.'lUCh C.'le,iJ,hI
)J.opeBa. O)J.Ha R3 BRX, lllRPUHOfI 1,5 II
)J..'lRBOH 8 CM, corBYTaH no)]. npHMbIM yr-
.'lOM, RMeeT O)J.RB 3aRpyr.'lemn,IH R ,iJ,pyrolI
OCTpbIH ROB bI, cBepxy cBa6meHa 3aRJIeIl-
ROH (pRC. 34, 7). ,r:(pyraH 3HaqUTe.'lbHD
MeBbllle, lllRpUHOH 1 R )J.JIUHOH 3 CM, npe -
CTaB.'lHeT C060H Il{RTOR C oTorHYTbIMH no)J.
npHMbIM yr.'lOM YTOBqeHBbIMR ROHn;aMR
(puc. 34, 1). Ha MBOIUX ,iJ,pyrRx nOJIOC-
Rax COXpaBRJIMCb 06J10MRU rB03)J.ell RJIR
3aRJIenOR, C nOMoID;bIO ROTOpbIX OHU Rpe-
nR.'lUCb R )J.epeBY (pRC. 34, 2, 5, 6, 10).
16. ABe me.'le3Hble My«lJTbI, CBepBYThle
113 IlJ'IOCJWll nO.;:JOCRR MeTaJIJIa, ,iJ,.'lRHOH
2,3-2,5 CM, co C.'le)J.aMU )J.epena BHYTPR
(pRC. 34, 3, 4).
. 17. 06JIOMKR meJIe3HbIX ROJIen; UJIR
,iJ,yr U3 CTepiI\HH TO.'lID;RHOll 0,7-1 CM
(puc. 34, 12-14).
18. ,D,POTURR R RonbH npe)J.CTaBJIeHbI
C.'le)J.yIOIl{RMII BaXO,iJ,RaMR: a) me.'le3BbIM
BaROBeQBRROM )J.pOTHRa )J..'lMJ;JOH 42 CM
C 06.'lOMaBBOn BTY.'lRon. IKa.'lo He60.'lb-
llloe, )J..'lRBOn 5,6 R lllupuHon B OCBOBaHUU
3 CM. TOJIIn;UBa cTepmHH BHu3y 2,5,
nepe,lJ. maJIOM 1,5 CM (pRC. 34, 21); 6) ma-
JIOM ,lJ.pyroro ,iJ,poTRRa TOH me <pOpMbI (pRC.
34,24); B) 10 06JIOMRaMH BTY.'lOR R no,lJ.-
TORDB. Cpe,iJ,R BRX - )J.Ba <pparMeBTa RO-
HUqeCRRX BTYJIOR ,iJ,RaMeTpoM 2 II 3 CM,
a TaRme <pparMeBT BTORa )J.RaMeTpOM
1,5 CM (pRC. 34, 15-17).
19. IIIecTh rpaHeHblx ROCTHHbIX pyROH-
Tell Homen. qeTbIpe R3 HRX COCTaB,'leHbI U3
)J:BYX nO.'lOBIIHQR, coe)J.RBeHHbIX MeiK,lJ.Y CO-
60n qeTblpbMH - llleCTbffl 3aR.'lenI<aMU,
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35. OCTanill
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PYIWJITeii: 10 CM, UluplHla OI\OJIO 1,7,
TOJJ(I "(ta 1-1,2 CM (poc. 36).
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yrOJIbHLlU B CC'IeHHH 06yx paSMepaMII
2 X 2,8 CM Ii paCnmpHIOU(ITUCH KIIU3Y AO
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nOJIO>]WRO 6.llIiliC J{ o6yxy, ,'I,HaltleTp ero
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pyrJIblM B IIJIaHe YTOJllIJ;£'Hl1eM. .anaMCTp
IWToporo AOXO,f(HT J(O 4 C I. 06m;aH ]J;JIlma
Tonopa 15,5 c:u (pRC. 34, 22).
21. 06JIOMOJi OCTpnH Me'la UJIll KonbH
(?) pOMUH'IeCROll B Ce'lenHIl 1JI0pMbl, AJIll-
HOR 5,5 CM, mllpnHoll 2 II TO.TJm;UHOll 0,5 CM
(pnc. 34,18).
22. 06.".IOMliH 60JIblIlOrO il\eJIe3HOrO
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6,5 CM npHMoii paUO'lIIll ROlleq. BTYJIl\a
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OBa:JblIaH, pa3'\lepa l.H 3 x4 CM. )J.JIHna
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21. 06JIO:Inm J]:BYX nJIaCTJIH'IaTJ,l'(:
6pOH30BLI't CH060R. Pa3MepLl OAHOii lla
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CTenenII 3arHYTbi B OAHY CTOPOHY. B03.TJ
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Bt'pCTHe (pRC. 35, 9). ,IJ;PYl'OH IJJparMcIlT,
C OTorHYThIM KOHl OM, cOXpaHHJICH B
)PTIfHY Ha 2 CM, IlIupIIHa ero 0,7 CM.
B OTorHYTOM IWH e, 6JlHme K O,ll;HOH H3
,n:JlHHHbIX C1'OpOH - HeOOJIbIllOe OTBepCTJIe
(pHC. 35,15).
25. IIHTb TpeXJlOnaCTHblx 6pOH30BhIX
HaIWHeqHUIWB CTpeJI. tleTLIpe BbICOTOH
,n:o 4 CM, co CI\pbI1'OH BTYJIlWH H HH3IW ony-
II\eHlIbIMH 3aOCTpeHHbIMH KOHl\aMH pe6ep;
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TOll: 3,8 CM, C Bh/cTynaIom;en Ha 4 MM BTYJI-
KOH, no IIIUpHUe 3HaqHTeJIbllO YJl\e npeJI.bI-
,n:YIl.\UX (pHC. 35, 5-7).
26. TpH HeOOJIbllIHX OOJIOMKa BepxBeH
TIaCTH TlCpHOJlaIWBOro rpeqeCKoro cocYJJ;a
C nJlaBHO 01'orHY1'blM BOBHYTPb KpaeM.
Ha ,ll;BYX IJJparMeH1'aX - Tm;a1'eJIbHO npo-
CDepJIClIHLIe JJ;hfPOqJ\H JI.JIH peMOHTa COCYi1.a.
27. TpH 06JIOMKa 60JIbmOrO TOHKOCTeH-
Horo JIeUHOrO cocYJI.a. fJIHHa co 3HaqH-
TeJIbHOH npHMecbIO MopCKoro neCI\a HJIH
,n:peCBhI. Kopnyc cocY,II;a clJJepHqeCKIfH,
BeHqHK npHMoH, HeCKOJlbKO oTorHYTbIH
HapyJl\Y. llo,ll; mell:KOH COcy,II; YKpameH ,11;0-
BOJIbHO I'PynIlbIMH (;\00,8 CM) OI\pyrJIluMll
MaBJIeIlHHMH, CJI.eJIaHHblMH naJIo'lKoii.
ITo 06JlOMKY BeHqHKa MOiImo YCTaHOBUTb,
'11'0 ,ll;uaMeTp ero 6bIJi OKOJIO 20 CM.
28. KOHUqeCKaH KOCTHHaH BopBapKa
)J.uaMeTpOM 1,5 CM H BbICOTOH 0,5 CM
(puc. 35, 16).
29. XOpOIllO OTmJlulJJoBaHHaH npHMO-
yrOJIbHaH KOCTHHaR n.iIaCTUHKa pa3Me-
paMIf 1 X 3,8 CM, CKopee Bcero, 01' COCTaB-
Horo rpe6HH.
30. KOCTHHaH nO)J.eJIKa TpeyrOJIbHOH B
nJIaHe 1JJ0PMbI. HHiI\HHH eTopOHa Tpe-
yrOJlbHIfKa olJJopMJIeHa B BUJI.e KphIJIbeB
U 3aTOQeHa BHYTPb. B BepmUHe TpeyrOJIb-
HHKa - I\pyrJIOe OTBepCTHe n;uaMeTpOM.
3 MM (puc. 35, 14). TOJIIn,UHa no)'(eJIKU
3 MM, ,ll;JIUHa ee CTOpOH, 15, 15 Ii 24 CM.
Ha 3aIlIJIH4JoBaHHoH JIU eBOll: CTopOHe
CJIep;bI 01' OKHCJIOB iKeJIe3a H 6pOH3bI.
B03MOiI\H0, nOiJ,eJIKa HB.'IHJIaCb yrJIOBOH
nJIaCTUHKOll: 6pOH30BOii IllKaTYJIKU, C KO-
TOpoii: OHa CKpeIlJIHJIaCb iKeJIe3HOH 3a-
KJIem;Oll:.
14 t -1058
31. IIoiJ.BecKa H3 $aJIaHrU KpynHoro
XUm;HHKa I\OIlla'lbeH nOpOiJ,bI (pHC. 35, 8),
aHaJIOrHqHaH HaHi1,eHHOll: B COCTaBe ,ll;eT-
CKoro omepeJlbH 83 MOrHJlbI M 3 I\ypraHa
M 1 rpynIlbI JIHcbell: MOrHJIbI y r. Op.n;iKO-
HUKH,II;3e.
32. ,IJ;Be 60qOHIWBU,II;IIbIe, C peJIbelJJHnH
nOBepxHocTbIO, cepeopHHbIe 6YCHHhI ,ll;JIU-
HOH no 0,7 CM U p;Be TaKue 1I\e ,ll;JIHnon no
0,5 CM (pHC. 35,12, 13).
33. ,IJ;Ba cnapeHnbIX I\OJIb a ,ll;HaMeTpOM
1,5 CM ua cepe6pHnOll: npOBOJIOKH TOJIm;U-
HOH 1,7 MM. Ha MeC1'e cnaH - YTOJIm;eHHe
B BIf,ll;e 6yropKa (puc. 35, 17).
34. PacnaHBIllaHcH 60qOHKoBu,II;HaH iKe-
Jle3IlaH 6ycHna, 06JIOiKenHaH JIUCTOBbIM
30JIOTOM. HaH60JIbIllHll: ,n:HaMeTp 1,6, ,ll;JIU-
na 1,4 CM (pHC. 37, 22).
35. 06JIOmeHnaH 30JIOTOM KOCTHnaH
BopBapKa iJ,HaMeTpOM 1 CM U BbICOTOH
0,5 CM (pHC. 37,5).
36. CBepnYTaH ua TonKoro Py6qaTOrO
JIIfCTa U cnaHHnaH KpaHMU 60qOnKOBU,II;-
naH 6ycIfna ,ll;JIUnOH 0,8 CM 8 ,ll;UaMeTpoM
0,7 CM (pHC. 37, 18), anaJIOrHQnaH onu.
cannbIM BbIme cepe6pHnblM (CM. 32).
37. 27 cnaHnHblX H3 P;BYX nOJIyclJJep
6ycunoK C rpy6bIMu CKB03HhIMIf OTBepCTU-
HMlI, np06uTbiMU B KalK,II;OH nOJIyclJJepe
u3nYTp8 ,11;0 cnaHBanHH (pIfC. 37, 4).
38. 30.TIOTOH nepCTenb C nJIOCKUM
OBaJIbnhIM III;HTIWM U ,ll;YiKKOH B BU,II;e
,ll;BYX YCHKOB C 3axop;Hm;UM8 ,ll;Pyr 3a )'(Pyra
3aOCTpennbmu Kon aMU. Pa3MepbI m;UTKa
2 X 2,2 CM (puc. 37, 17).
39. 30JIOTbIe nponU3U, CBepnYTbIe U3
py6QaTOrO JIUCTa: 36 aK3. ,lI;JIUHOH 1,8-
2 CM H BoceMb - 0,8-1,3 CM (puc. 37,3).
40-51. HamHBnble 30JlOTble OJIHmKIf
01' p,II;emp;bI:
40. qeTbIpexyrOJIbnbIe C H306pamenueM
nOBepnYToro BnpaBO JIeiKam;ero rpulJJona,
pa3MepaMU 1,7X2 CM (13 aK3.). CornYTaH
B KOJlene JIeBaH nora Qyp;OBHm;a npHnOiJ,-
nHTa, KJIlOB paCKpblT, Ha rOJIOBe - na-
npaBJIennbIll Bnepe,ll; por. Pacnym;ennoe
KpblJIO npUnOJI.nHTO KBepxy, nepbH nepe-
p;aHhI JJ:BY 1H BepTHKaJIbHhIMH pHp;aMU BbI-
nYKJIbiX ropH30nTaJlbHblX JIHHUll:. ITo
209
'1 -O
( :;.;" 3
.<!(
$.
r- '.)
\ " 7
"..,,;,) "
16
. . "..-; ':!-. ;.-- ?,
;;"..... "11 '
l{ ';t > ', .'
} t '< P:" -:". . ,' ,
.' ...... .. .
.. , Ij r::.. H'.
.: .... J 1 :->::'::' !'" '.' .:.
:'. - .-.;.u .
. Ii:
24
( l)
W1
26
Pile. 37,
.-, -
-'"10-' '"
. ,-.
.'
..It
'.;.-
.1,
,>"", 6
C)- 9"
() 12 t
;)
0\
"&
20
I\paIO rrJIaCTUHRU o<f>opMJIeHbI ABYMR paM-
},aMII - rJIaJ],IW'll II py6tJaTO'll, B BII)],e
lICeBA03epHU. IIo yrJIaM tJeThIpe OTBepCTIIR
AJIH HaIUIIBaHUH (pIlC. 37,24).
41. qeTlupexyrOJ}bHaH pa3MepaMII
2,6 x 2,8 CM, C u306pameHReM rrOBepHYToro
BJIeBO CTOHrn;ero rpR<f>oua. IIpaBaH rrepe.LI-
lIHH Jlarra 3Bopa rrOJ(HHTa RDepxy, XBOCT
J1MOeT BUA rreTJIU. JlonaTKa o<f>0pMJIeHa
MOJLKIIMII tlemYHKaMII. IIOCTaBJIeHHble Ha)],
CllImo'll J Da Y3KlIX ocrpluX KphIJIa 06Be.LIe-
IIhI pYUqa'fhIM naJIRKOM. ltpa'll rrJIaCTUHbI
BblrrOJIHeH B Bu)],e Py6tJaTo'll paMRII.
110 yrJIaM OTBepCTUH )],JIH HaUIIIBaHRH
(pIIC. 37, 23).
42. WRrypHble, B BIf)],e opJIa (6 aR3.).
IIOCTaBJIeHHOe BepTIIKaJIbHO TeJIO nTUQbI
c paCrrJIaCTaHHluMu HphlJIhHMU ua06pame-
HO B <f>ac, 06parn;eHuaH BrrpaHo rOJIOBa -
B rrpo<f>IfJIh. IIepbH XBOCTa U RphIJIbOB
o<f>opMJJeUhl rpy6hIMR rrpo)],OJIbHhIMR JIU-
UUHMII, Ha BhmYRJIOM: rpY.LIII - 0.LIBa 3a-
MeTHhIe, TaRme BepTRRaJIhHhIe rrOJIOCRII.
rJIa3 BhIrrYKJIhI'll, RJIIOB He rrpopa60TaH.
no KpalO rrJIaCTIIHOK rro BoceMh OTBepcTuii:
.LIJIR HalURBaHUH (pRC. 37, 25).
43. He60JIhlUaH <f>urypKa B BR.LIe CTOH-
rn;eii Ha TpeyrOJIhHOM paClUupeHRU rrTIItJRU
C OTBe).l,eHHhIM Ha3aA KphIJIOM. B03MOiRHO,
HarrpaBJIeHHOe Brrepe.LI BTOpoe RphI.'IO OT-
JIOMaHo. CHuay Ha nJIaCTUHKe U Ha He-
60JIblUOM BhIcTyrre rro)], RphIJIOM rro OT-
BepCTIIIO AJIH HaUIlmaHUH, Ha HhIUYKJIOH
rpY.LIII rrTUQhI ern;e O)],Ha He60JIhlUaH )],hI-
pOtIRa, rrp06UTaH R3HYTpII. BhlCOTa
rrJIaCTIIHRU 1,3, IUupIIHa BHR3Y 1,1 CM
(pRC. 37, 20).
44. OHpyrJIhIe C u306paiI{eHUeM CQeHhI
60ph6w fepaRJIa C HeMeii:cKuM JIhBOM
(5 aI{3.). CUAHrn;uii: Ha rrpaBo'll Hore fepalm
)],YIllIIT 3BepH, 06HHB ero npaBoii: PYIWH
U rrpumaBIUUCh JIll L\O III R rpIIBe. JleBaR
Hora BhICTaBJIeHa Brrepe.LI. Ha rOJIOBe -
TO JIU rrepe.LIaHHhIe KpyrrHhIMII rrpO)],OJIhHhI-
MH JIOROnaMU BO::IOChI, TO JIR rOJIOBHOll:
y60p B BII.LIe 6aIUJIhIRa. lIaorHYBlUHllCH .'leB
C BhlTRHYTLIM XBOCTOM CTOIIT Ha JIeBoii:
cTyrrHe repOR II JIeHO'll rrepe)],He'll JIarrOll:
ynupaeTCR eMy B 6ep;po. fpUBa nepe.LIana
14*
rrpOAOJIbHbIMU JIUHURMU, Ha 60Rax BbIAe-
JIHIOTCH pe6pa. cDRrypa 3BepH HerrpolIop-
QIIoHaJIbHO YMeHbIUeHa rro cpaBHeHuIO C
<f>uryPo'll fepalma. Ha Tpex rrJIaCTUHRax
rro RpaIO TPR, Ha )],BYX - no nHTh oTBep-
CTIIH )],JIH HaUllrnaHIIH. ,l],RaMeTp lIJIaC-
THHOI{ OKOJIO 2,2 CM. rOJIOBa repaRJIa
HeCKOJIbRO B03BhIlUaeTCH na.LI RpyroM
(pRC. 37, 21).
45. KpecToBuAHhIe U3 rrHTR coe)],IIHOH-
HblX RPYJIHWB (2 aR3.), pa3MepaMII OROJIO
2,3 X 2,3 CM. IIo yrJIaM tJeTblpe OTBepCTUH
AJIH HaUlHBaHIIR (pRC. 37, 19).
46. BOJIbUlIIe TpeyrOJIhHRRU C rrCOB)],O-
3epHblO (11 aI{3.), C OTBepCTUHMU no yr-
JIaM, np06uThIMR C JIuQeHo'll CTOpOHhI. BhI-
COTa rrJIaCTRHOH 1,9, UlupUHa B OCHOBaHIIU
1,7 CM (puc. 37,27).
47. MeJIKlIe TpeyrOJIhnUKU C nceB)],O-
3epHhlO (32 aR3.). ,I.(IJpOtJI<H rro yrJIaM
np06IIThI C ThIJIhHO'll CTOpOHbI. BhICO'fa
U UlnpUHa rrJIaCTJIHOR OKOJIO 1,2 CM
(puc. 37,16).
48. KpyrJIhIe C 16-JIerreCTRoBoH p03eT-
HOH, 06Be)],eHHo'll no HpaIO BaJIIIKOM
(2 aR3.). Cepe)],llIIRa p03eTRR COCTOIIT U3
BaJIURa II RpyrJIOH HLIrrYKJIOCTU. IIo RpalO
tJeThIpe oTBepcTRH AJIH HaUlHBaHUH. ,I.(IIa-
MeTp 6JIHilleK 1,6 CM (pRC. 37,1).
49. KpyrJIaH C II306paiKeHueM 14-JIe-
necTKoBo'll p03eTKU, 06Be)],eHHoH no RpalO
pyGqaThIM BaJIRKOM, C BhInYRJIOCThIO no-
cpe)],RHe. ,l],RaMeTp 1,5 CM (puc. 37, 2).
50. ,I.(Be Memm:e RpyrJIbIe C H306pame-
HueM 8-JIerreCTKoBo'll p03eTKU, )],RallIeT-
pOM 1 CM (pRC. 37, 14, 15).
51. IIoJIyc<f>epRtJecKRe C rrpRrraHHHoH
RpyrJIo'll rreTJIeH C 060poTHo'll CTOpOHhI:
a) OtJeHh RpyrrHhIe (4 aK3.), .LIRaMeTpoM
1,3 CM II BhICOTOH AO 0,8 CM, neTJIU He
COXpaHUJIIICb (puc. 37, 6); 6) 60JIee MeJI-
Rue, .LIIIaMeTpOM 0,7-0,8 CM (33 aR3.).
O)],Ha 6JIHUlKa, YTpanIBIUaR rreTJIIO, cHa6-
iI,eHa .LIBYMH rrp06uThIMII U3HYTPU AhIPOq-
HaMU (pRC. 37, 9, 10); H) MeJIKIIe, BaphR-
pYIOrn;IIe B )],uaMeTpe 01' 4,5 AO 6,5 MM
(69 aR3.; pIIC. 37, 7, 8); r) MeJIhqa'llUlRe,
)],RaMeTpOM )],0 4 MM (148 aR3.). O.LIHa )],e-
<}.JOpl\lIIpOBana, p;pyraH Hall).J,ena 6e3 neTJIU
211
//e/1/Jjl,. 1
5
IT
-
. ..,:j;i::t\'''-;..,
<'tf "f.; ; _ ./" .
t,. _..... _. .,.. ,'..
:; ._ :\:Wf.? " " >" '
..... , '&.., "'" ,,;tr 1 . c..,.. ""
,. !! '"}'ir ....
L..-'
Q
r _ "1.'. .
...- ;; ;. j,.
, ..t} ,
\
, \ $I
, \ U
, a\
'oJ
I
6
PIle. 38. }J.eTaJIlI l\onclwii CUpYlI IIJ DTopn'mOI'O )J.pO lOca IJ,enrpa.lI,noii rpOUnUI\bI,
(pUC. 37, 11); ,[() TpU RpyrJIbIe, OTJIOMaH-
HbIe OT 6JIRIIIeI{ neTeJIbRH; e) npO,[(O,lrOBa-
TaR 6JIRIIIRa, O'IeBll,[(HO, H3rOTOBJIeHHaR
U3 cljJepHtIeCRoii (pllC. 37, 13); m) 6JIRiliRa
C OTBepCTlIeM rrocpe,[(lIHe H Tpy6ROll C 06-
pamoll CTOpOllbI (puc. 37, 12).
Cpe,[(u BOCbMH MeJlI\HX 06JIOMROB pa3-
JIlI'lHbIX nJIaCTHHOR BbI,[(eJIReTCR IjJparMeHT
p03CTJ\U, npe,[(cTaBJIeHHoi:i HarrURUHbIMH
Ha TOHJ\OM 30JIOTOM JIlICTJ\e rrponOJIoJ\oll
,[(BYMR JIeneCTJ\aMlI (puc. 37,26).
52. IllecTb J\pyrJIbIX BbInYRJIbIX iI\eJIe3-
HbIX 6JIRX, 06JIOmeHHhIx JIHCTOBbIM cepe6-
pOM. C 06paTHOll CTOpOHbI - iI\eJIe3HaR
nCTJIR ,[(JIR HaH1I3bIBaHHR Ha pCMeHb.
hOUQbI neTJIU nponY:Il{eHbI qepe3 6JIRXY U
pacJ\JIerraHbI Ha He-ll C JIuQeBOll CTOpO-
Hbl ,[(0 OUJ\JIa,[(bIBaHHR cepe6pOM. )J;uaMeTp
'IeTblpeX 6JIRX no 5,7 CM, ,[(BYX - no
5 CM (pllC. 38,4).
53. CepeUpRlIbIe HpeCTOBH,[(HbIe 6JIRill-
EU U3 nRTU coe,[(lIHeHHbIX J\pynmoB pa3-
MepaMU 2,5-2,8 CM (pHC. 38, 3). Tpn
COXpaHHJIllCb QeJIbIMH, OCTaJIbHbIe - B
06JIOMRax. IIo nO,[(CqeTaM Ha I\1eCTe nRTb
TaJ\llX UJIRIIleK Hall,[(eHhI pR,[(OM C I\pyrJIbI-
MU, 14 JIemUJIU I\enOqROll no rpy,[(u
ROHR.
54. Cepe6pRHaR OUlIBRa JIeBOll CTOpOHbI
ce,[(JIa COXpaHlIJIaCb IjJparMeHTapHo, ,[(JIH-
nOll ,[(0 20 CM. IIJIacTJ1Ha 1jJ1IrypHaR, THna
qepTOMJlblQI\lIX 30JIOTbIX. PacillllpeHHbu"1
nepe,[(HHH I\OHeIl, 3aI\pyrJIeH II 3arHYT
Ha3a)].. 3a HlIM Ha,[( nJIaCTlIHOll nO,[(HlIlIIa-
JOTCR ,[(BU JIOrraCTeno,[(06HbIX BbIcTyrra,
,[(UJIbIIle nJIaCTHHa 06JIOMaHa. Ha1I60Jlb-
maR eO' HbICOTa Brrcpe,[(lI 7,5 CM.
H ce,[(JIY 0611BI\a I\penllJIaCb no I_paw
DPH nOMO:Il{lI I_PYI'JlblX B CeqeHHH cepeu-
pRHbIX rB03,[(ell C 30JIOTbIMH lIJIH 3JIeRTpO-
HbIMH IIlJIRIIl.aIlIH rrOJIycljJepllqeCI\Oll 1jJ0p-
MbI (pHC. 38, 9). Ha CTepiI\HRX rBoaJl,eii
HaHeceHbI CnHpaJIbHbIe 60P03,[(KU. B rre-
pe,[(HeM qaCTH OUlIBKll rB03,[(1l ,[(JIHHHbIe -
,[(0 4,5 CM, ,[(aJIbIIle nOCTeneHHO YMeHbIIla-
tOTCR ,[(0 0,6 CM. hOHeQ RaiI\.!I.OrO rB03,[(R
Ha 0,5-1 CM 3arHYT no,[( npRMblM yrJlOM.
TOJI:Il{UHa cTepnmeil OKOJIO j,5 MM, )J.Ha-
MeTp lilJIRrrKll 0,7 CM.
55. AHaJIOrHqHalI BblmeonucaHHOH
0611BKa npaBoM CTOpOHbI ce,[(JIa H rB03,[(H
OT Hee HaM,[(eHbI B MeJIKHX OUJIOMKax.
56. rKeJIe3HOe ROJIbIl,O OT qYM6YPHoro
nOBo,[(a, ,[(HaMeTpOM 3,2 H TOJIIIJ,lIHOM 0,9 CM
(pHC. 38, 2).
57. lIeTblpe UpOH30Bble, 06JIOa{eHHble
cepeupoM UJIRXH C H30U pameHlIeM 06pa-
:Il{eHHOrO BnpaBO CTOR:Il{erO XlI:Il{HHKa (pHC.
38, 7). Pa3MepbI nJIaCTHH 4,5 X 6 CM.
C 06paTHoii CTOpOHbI B,[(OJIb Y3KHX RpaeB
R OCHOBe npHnaRHbI ,[(Be npRMoyrOJIbHbIe
B CeqeHUH BepTHI_aJIbHble neTJIH. Cepe6-
pRHafl 0611BRa 3aBepHYTa Ha 06paTHYJO
CTOPOHY rrJIaCTHHbI H npHI\perrJIeHa R Hell
BoceMblO-,[(eBRTblO 3almenRaMH.
B HHiI\Hell qaCTH nJIaCTHHbI nOMe:Il{eH
RaHT, COCTOR:Il{HM H3 ,[(B yx npO,[(OJIbHbIX
BaJIHKOB. Mem,[(y ROTOpbIMH TRHeTCR nJIe-
TeHKa C TOqKaMll B flqellKax. 3Bepb CTOHT
Ha HeM, naCTb ero onY:Il{eHa H lIlHpORO pac-
KpbITa. fJIa3 RpyrJIbIM, UOJIbIIlOe yxo
OBaJIbHOll 1jJ0pMbI, 3a HHM HCCI\OJIbRHMH
HaCeqRaMlI H306paif{eHa rpHBa. TYJIOBH:Il{e
nepe,[(aHO O,[(HOll nJIOCROCTbJO, Hu JIanax -
RpynHbIe RorTH.
B
!
I )
5
A
A
r --....
B
5
o
r
1""""""1 2
Pile. 39. ILlan n pa3pe3bI MOrHJIhI .M 2;
J - IlorpeGeHHfd1\ 'iepHOaeM; Z - l4aTepllli.
213
PIICYHOK ll3rOTOBJIeH Ha 6pOH30BOH OC-
HOBe B JIllTbe, Cepe6pHHaH OKOBKa rrJIOTHO
rrpllmaTa K HeH, a KOHTypbl ll306pail\eHllH
J];opaUOTaHbl qeKaHI\OH. ,L(OBOJIbHO 3Haqll-
TeJIbHble OTJIllqllH B pllCYHKe CBllJ];eTeJIbCT-
BylOT 0 TOM, QTO OCHOBa OTJIHBaJIaCb B
pa3I11uX ifJopMax.
58. KpyrJIble UJIHXH ll3 TOIIKoro JIllCTO-
Boro cepeupa (25 ;:11\3.) BbIIIYI\JIble, rroqTll
nOJIyc<pePU'IeCKllC, HO C yrrJIomelIHoii cpeJ];-
Hell qaCTbIO. )J.llill\!CTp 3 CM, BbICOTa 1 CM.
A
:D\
I
I
,
I
I
I
I
,
-.. -- .------ - - ---'
.,.----
C 060pOTHOH CTOpOHbI cHa6meHbI JIlnOH
6pOH30BOii rreTJIeH B BUJ];e J];yil\I\n Ha
rrJIOCKOH OCHOBe. K 6JIHXaM rreTJIll 6b1-
Jill rrpurraHHbI, HO rrpurraH CJIa6b1H, B
pe3YJIbTaTe qero Bce rreTJIll OT 6JIHX OT-
BaJIUJIlICb (puc. 38, 5).
59. Cepe6pHHbIl:' OOllBKll ceJ];JIa, aHa-
JIOrll'lHble npel1:bll1:YIll.ll!\l (CM. 54, 55).
llpaBaH B MeJIKHX 06JIOMKaX, JIenylO
yJ];aJIOCb CKJIellTb rro BceH J];JIllHC - 01\0-
JIO 35 CM (puc. 38, 8). KpoMe 3arHYToro
,
,
.
.
I
I
I
.
I
I
I
I
I
,
6
I
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----------
6
:;
o
60CM
I/"'"'VII' 1 1/ EJ 111
Pile. 40. TIJIaH If pa3pe3 lOrHJIhJ oM 4:
I - IIorpeocHHwH qepliOaeM; 1I - MaTepHH; III - peKOHCTpYK HII. 1 - OCT;l'I'IHl lliCp'fllCIIUOi! !II'IIIlU C
HOIliOM; 2 - 6Y.IIall1Hl; 3 - !IpllCnlll.\e; 4 - cepbru; 5 - oyth!.
214
Ha3aJJ; nepe.n;HerO BblC1'YlIa IIJIaCTlIHa llMeeT
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iKeJI1'OI\aMeHKJI n03BOJIHe1' HaMe1'H1'b pH,!I
BaiImeii:U!HX BonpOCOB JI3YQeHIIH IIC1'OIHIH
II KYJIb1'ypbI CKIIcpJIH. ::ho H np06JleMa
BbIHBJIeHHlI JIOl\aJIbHO-X pOHOJIOrllQeCKHX
oc06eHHOC1'eH CI\llcpCKOH KYJIb1'ypbI, H on-
peAeJIeHHe JIX HC1'OI\OB, H pa3pa601'Ka
KpJI1'eplIeB HaYQHO O.OOCHOBaHHoii: C1'pa1'H-
rpacplIlI COIJ;JIaJIbHbIX BepXOB CKHcpCKoro
06n eCTBa, JI COO1'HeCeHJIe CHell I\OHKpe1'-
HbIX naMHTHHKOB CKIIcplIJI. PCIIleHJIe no-
C1'anJIeHHl>!X BOIIpOCOB Ha Ma1'eplIaJIaX
O,!\Horo KypraHa, eC1'eC1'BeHHO, HeB03MOiK-
HO, 1'eM He MeHee HaKonJIeHHble K HaC1'OH-
rn;eMY BpCMCHH HC1'OQHHKH Oe301'JIara1'eJIb-
HO 1'peoyro1' ero.
1 PoCmOiJlfe8 M. If. CKIf<pRH II Eocrrop. ITr.,
1925, CTp. 404 II CJI.; COKpOBHID:a CKlI<pCI\IIX
KypranOB B c06paHIfIl foe. ::JpMHTama. TeKcT
M. H. ApTaMoHoBa. ITpara - JI., 1%6.
IIccJIellOBaIlIUI rrpOBClICHbI 0pAflWmn;Jli.\3eB-
cKoii :JHcncAIIIrReii HA AH YCCP HOL( PYIW-
BOJ(CTBOM aBTopa. B paGOTe :JKcrrellIlUIIII rrpIf-
HHJIH y'IaCTl!e C. B. ITOJIIfH, B. A. PH60Ba,
H. fr. IllOBqeHlW, JI. B. qepeBaTeHKo, P. POil-
JIO (<tIPf), a TaKiKe ruaxTepbI . n. EOHAapeHKo,
<D. C. GOHAapeHKo, H. H. KoceHKO, M. E. Be.'JIfq-
IW, B. E. r;OpomIl\, M. A. PYJ(OB. BOJlI,myIO
1I0.\IOUrb ;JHCI10)lHl[I1H TCXII!I'ICCIWMII cpelr-
CTBa 1H OKa3aJIIf OpJ(moHUI\HII:JencKHii 1'011:
(lII1peKTOp r. JI. Cepolla) If YnpaBJIeHIfe HPH-
nopomcKIfMIf opOCIITeJIbHbIMIf CIfCTeMaMIf
(lII1peKTop H. M. 1.1 0poa ).
3 Jl.foaOl!eBCbKUU B. M. TODCTa MOrIfJIa. II:.,
1979, c. 152.
, Tepeno:J/Cnult A. If. CKH<PC1m ii KypraH
B r. MeJIIITonOJIe.- II:CHA All YCCP, 1955,
BbIII. 5, C. 33; Moaol!eBcbKUii B. M. TOBcTa
MOrIfJIa, c. 1fi6.
rpR.alt08 M. II. TIepBbIii TIa3bIpbII\CKIfll I\YP-
raH. JI., 1950, c. 57, pIfC. 6-16, 22.
8 BpalUUltCKUU If. B. HOBbIe MaTCpHaJIbI K lIa-
TIfpOBKe KypraHOD CKII<pCI\Oll IIJIe IeHHOll
,maTIf CCBepHoro ITpUqCPHOMOpbH.- Eirenc,
IV. Praha, 1965, c. 89-109.
7 BUItOapaiJoB 10. r. Il:epaMHqeCKIfe KJIeiiMa
OCTpOBa <Dacocc.- HYM1I3MaTIfKa II :JIIIIrpa-
<pIfKa, 1972, N2 10, C. 3-63.
TaM mc, C. 34, 35.
TaM iKe, c. 39.
10 lUe/lOiJ J{. B. Il:epaMlltIeCKlle I\JIeUMa 113 paCKO-
nOK <DaHaropIfIf.- MHA, 1956, M 57, c. 151;
m M08 J{. B. HJIellMa Ha aM<popax II qepo-
nIfuax 113 ITaHTlmaneH.- MHA, 1957, M 56,
C. 217-221.
11 3eecm If. B. KepaMIfqeCl\aH Tapa Eocnopa.-
MHA, 1960, M 82, c. 88, 89.
12 BpaUlUltCKUU If. B. ¥cnexII KepaMWleCKOR
:Jrrl'lrpa<pIIKI'I.- CA, 1961, N2 2, C. 295;
BpaLUUltCKUU If. B. HOBbIe MaTCpIfaJIbI K lIa-
TUpOBI\C..., C. 99, 100.
13 BpalUUllCKU,; If. B. AM<popbI MeHJ(bI (0 JIOKa-
JIlI3au,rllI rpynnbI aM<pOp C «pIO mooGpa3IIbIMIf
HOnmamI»).- B I\H.: XYII:OmeCTBCHHaH KYJIb-
Typa II apXeOJIOrIfH aHTIfqHOrO Mllpa. M.,
1976, C. 67--74.
14 Ta 1 me, pIle. 1.
1 MoaOl!eBCbKUii B. M. TOBcTa MOrIfJIa, C. 154'-
155.
16 TaM me.
17 M OaOl!eiJCKUU B. N. CKu<pCKHe rrorpe6CHRH
y C. HaropHoe 6JI1I3 r. OpmOHIlKrIII:3e Ha )J,He-
nponeTpOBID:IfHe.- B KH.: CIUI<pCKHe lIpeB-
HOCTIf. K., 1973, c. 192-194.
18 MOaOl!eeCbKUU B. M. TOBCTa MorllJIa, C. 157.
19 fCPOlloT, IV, 71.
20 Jl.f030l!eBCbKUii B. M. TODCTa MorIlJIa, C. 157,
163.
21 repooom. HCTOpIlH, IV, 72.
22 Moaol!eBcbKUii B. M. TOBcTa MOrHJIa, c. 166.
23 Ta 1 me, C. 161.
24 OAK 3a 1894 r., CIT6., 1896, C. 9-10.
2. MAP, N2 13, CIT6., 1894, c. 3-153.
26 m U./tOB B. n. P aCKonKIf EJIlI3aneTonCKoro
MOrllJIbHIfKa B 1959 r.- CA, 1961, N2 1,
c. 153-157.
27 OAK 3a 1913-1915 rr. ITr-, 1918, c. 153-
157.
221
28 M0.101!e8CbKUz'i B. M. TOBen MOrIfJIa, c. 155.
29 OAI\: 3a 1909-1910 n. CITu., 1913, pI1c. 192;
OAI\: 3a 1913-1915 n., pIle. 221. .
30 COKpOBIm a CKIf<PCKUX I<ypraHoB B c06paHIIIf
8pMIfTaa(a. ITpara - JI., 1963, rue. 1(13,
TatJJI. 218.
31 Paeecnuu 1(. C. O"epI<H IIAeOJIOrIlH CKIHIJo-
caRCRIIX nJIeMeR. M., 1977, c. 58; Becco-
/l08a C. C. Pe.rrIfrIf03HbIC rrpClICTaDJIellIfH I1acc-
JICHlIH cTerrHoll CKIf<PUU. ABTope<p. KaHl!;. lIIfC.,
h., 1979, c. 9.
32 COKpOBUU\a eKIf<pcmu KypraHOB..., pIfC. 120;
.'16CK08 O. CKapGIf KypraHiB XepCOHU\IfHIf.
H., 1974, pIfC. 5.
C. H. [(PYlJ
IIAJIEOAIITPOnOJIOrnQECKIIE
MATEPilAJIbI 113 }{ypr AlIA
iREJITORAMEHRA
HCCMOTpR Ha TO qTO B HaCTORmee BpeMR
paCI\OoaHO UOJIbllIOC I\OJII1qeCTBO I\ypra-
IIOB TaI\ Ha3bIBaellwii CRII<pCI\OH 3HaTH,
allTpOnOJIOrIlqCCRIIH Ma TepIlaJI H3 HIIX
npaRTII'leCRII HeIl3BCCTeH, 3a nCRJIIOqeHII-
eM qepenOB 113 AJIeRcaH.n;ponOJIbCROrO
HypraIIa, I1CCJIe.n;OBaHlibIX elI e H. 1\1. :G3-
pOM 1 II BTOpI1'lHO H3MepeHHbIX II onIlcaH-
HbIX :G. B. <PIIpIIITellH H3 ypOBHe COBpe-
MeHHhIX TpeGoBaHIIH aOTpOnOJIor.uqeCROH
naYI\I1 2.
D 1975 r. B pe3YJIbTaTe paCRonOR lliejI-
TOlWMeHCRoro l\ypraHa (no.n; PYROBOJI:CT-
BOM :G. H. M030JIeBCRoro) 3 UbIJI nOJIyqeH
awrponOJIOrIlqeCRIIH MaTepIlaJI, npe.L\CTaB-
JIeHJIbIll . CCMblO HenOJIHbIMII CReJIe'raMII.
H3 CHTpaJIbHOll rp06HIIQbI B3RTO IlleCTb
CReJIeTOB, npIl'IeM JI:Ba 1I3 HIIX 113 OCHOBHOll:
IWMepbI. 'lIeTblpe CReJIeTa, OqeBIIJI:HO, npIl-
n3.n;JICmaJIII conpOBOmJI:aBIllIlM norpe6e-
IIlIR CJIyraM. npIl 3TOM CJw.n;yeT OTMeTIITb,
qTO He Bce CReJIeTbI 06HapY/l\eHbI in situ
113-3a orpa6JIeHIIR :u:eHTpa.1JbHOH MorIl.lbI.
Ce.n;bMo II CRCJIeT IIpOIIC-XOAIIJI 113 rp06HII bI
oM 4 (Ta6JI. 1-4).
q e H T P a JI b H a R r p 0 6 H II a.
CKeJlem .M 1. OT Hero cox paHIIJICR 06JIo-
MOR HmRHell ':e lIOCTII (npaBaR nOJIOBIIHa),
JIeBbIe JIyqeBbIe II II.le'leBble RocTn, 06e
JIOKTeBbIe II 6eJI:peHHbIe, npaBbIe 60JIbIllaR
II MaJIaR 6ep OBbIe, a TaKme <pparMeHTbI
Ta3a, JIooa TOR, nORCHIIqHbIe n03BOHRII.
CI\eJIeT npnHaA eil\aJI MYII,qIlHe B B03pa-
CTe 50-55 JIeT.
222
Ha OHIROeH TJe.'IIOCTH CllJIbHO pa3BHTbI
lIfbIllleqHbIe npIlRpenJIeHIIR. no BHYTpeH-
lIeMY RpalO aJIbBeOJIRpHOll .n;yrIl OTMe'JeHbI
OeUOJIbIllIle 0pCXOBIIJ(HbIe B3J(YTIIR (torus
mandibularis - 2 6aJIJIa). KOCTH nOCT-
RpaHIIaJIbHOrO CReJICTa 60JIbllIIIX pa3Me-
pOB. Ta3 TIInIlqHO MymCJwii:. CTepTOCTb
3yUOB 4-5 UaJIJIOB. lIa Bcex HOCTRX
CReJIeTa OTMeqeHbI CTa p'leCHIIe RpaeBbIC
pa3paCTaHIIR.
nJICqeBaR l\OCTb (JIeBaR) xapaRTepH-
3yercR UOJlbllIOll JI:JIIIHOll (no :GYHaRY) 4.
<PopMa cetICHIIR .n;I1a<pII3a oRpyrJIaR (3B-
pnGpaXIIaJlbHaR); llIIIpIlHa HI1II\HerO 3nll-
<pII3a 60JIbllIaR. Xo pOllIO BbIpameHa .n;CJIb-
TOBIIJI:HaR GyrpIlcTOCTb. HpaR 3nlI<pII30B
OCTpbIe (CM. TaUJI. 2).
JlyqeBaR (JIeBaR) OqeHb .n;JIIIHnaR, cpe.n;-
HeMaCCI1BHaR, cpeJUI!'H ynJIOm;eHHOCTII.
Ha HIm\He f 3nII<pI13e 60JIhillIle rpIl60BII.n;-
HbIe pa3paCTaHI1R. 06e JIORTeBbIe lWCTll
xapaRTepIl3YlOTCR 60JIbllIOII .n;JIIIHOH, Mac-
CIIBHbIe, .n;I1a<pII3 YllJlOm;eH.
:Gc.n;peHHbIe ROCTH TaRme UOJIbIllIle, npa-
BaR HeCKOJIbRO .n;JIIIHHee JIeBOH (CM.
Ta6JI. 3). nlIJIHCTp BbIpameH 31IaqIlTeJIbHO;
.n;lIa<pII3 JIeBOll: 6eJI:peHHOH KOCTII B BepxHeH
TJaCTII 6JIHme R OKpyrJIOMY. HOCTb Mac-
CHBHaR.
Pa3MepbI UOJIbIIIOH H MaJIOH 6ep oBbIx
ROCTell: OTHOCRTCR R l\aTerOpIlIl 60JIblllIlX
BeJIIIqIlH. no YRa3aTe.1JIO npOqHOCTll-
MaCCllBHOCTb cpe.n;HRR (18,5), no KOHTYPY
CeqeHllR 60JIbllIe6r.p:u:oBaR KOCTb cpe.n;He-
yn.1JOm;eHHaR (Me30RHeMIIR).
B .n;aHHOM CJIyqae RpKO BbIpameHa .n;o-
JIHXoraM6I1R (60JIblIIaR .n;JIIIH3 HHII\HlIX
KOHeqHOCTeii) B COqeTaHIIII C .n;OJIIIXORHe-
Mnell: (AJIIIHHaH 60JlbIlle6ep:u:oBaH KOCTb),
qTO BCTpeqaeTCR peme B BbICOROpOCJIbIX
T a 6 JI Ii a 1. ItUl\UBulIyaiIbHble D3MCIIeUUH '1epenoB U3 nOl'peOeHllii l,ypl'aHa iKeiITOI\aMeIlI;a
TIorpc6CIIIIe oM 1 ( cIITpanbHaa rp06Hu a) lIorpc6cHue
No4
lIorpe6aJJblIaa Huma Huma Huma
TIpU3HaJlII H8Mcpa No3 No4 No5
CHCJleT :!
iii * M ** >H I iii
>H(?)
50-55 22-2.'> 20-22 14-15 35-40
1. TI pOllOiIhIIhIM lIIfaMeTp 182 189 180 175 189
ID. ITpolWJIhIIhIii lIJIaMCTp OT ofr. 179 188 179 175 188
8. IloIIcpe<lI!hIii lInaMCTp H2? 134 t46? t34 141
17. BhIcoTIIhIn 1I11aMCTp (ba-br) 129
20. BWCOTlIhIii lInaMCTp (po-br) 119 119
5. J.(JIJIlIa OClIOD3l1IfH '!epena !J8
9. HaIfMclILIlIaH 1II IIpUlia JJua 99 101 96 106
10. Ha IfUOJJbIll aH III JlpUlIa JIua 116 114 116 122
11. llIupnlia OCI!ODaHIfH '1epena 129 128
12. m IfpIflia 3aTWJIKa 116 113?
29. .TIo611aH xopna 100,5 110,0 107.5 110.0
31. :JaTblJIO'II!aH xoplla 97,5 94,5 g6,O
BWCOTa H3rIfua JIua 23,5 24,5 26.0 23,5
HhICOTa If3rIfua 3aThIJIKa 27,0 29,u 30,0
32. YroJI rrp{)(pllJIH Jlua (nils-met) 87?
YroJI IIPO<PJlJIH JJua (g)-met) 88
7. )J,JIIfJIa 3aThIJIO'lIlOrO OTDCpCTUH 37
16. IlIIfpIfua 3aTWJIO'lIlOrO O1BepCTJIH 36
Hallnepelloche (rro MapTIJuy 1-6) 2 2 3 1 2
Ha1l6pOBilbIe lIyfIf (1-3) 2 1 2 1 2
Hapyif\IJwii 3aTbIJIO'luwii uyrop (rro
EpoKa 0-5) 3 0 1 0 3
COCI\CDJllIHhIl1 OTpOCTOK (1-3) 2 2 2
J' Ka,3ame.w .MOa2060U Kop06KU
8:1. qcpclIllon 78,0 70,9 8t,t 76,6 74,6
'17:1. BbIcoTHo-npOllOiIhTIwii OT ba 71.7
17:8. BWcoTlIo-rrOrrCpC'IlibIll OT ba 88,4
20:1. BbIcoTlfo-rrpOllOJIbllblii OT po 66,1 63,0
20:8. BhlcoTHo-rrOnCpe'lIlWll OT po 81,5 84,4
9:8. JIo6uo-noncpc'IlIbIii 73,9 69,2 '71,6 75,2
9.10. JIo6HhIll 86,8 82.8 86,g
113fIfua JI6a 23.5 22.3 24.2 21,5
H3ruua 3aTWJIKa 27,7 30.6 31,3
16:7. 3aTWJIO'lIlOro OTDCpCTJ!H g7.3
)[ ulfe80u om OM
40. )J,JIIfHa OCHODaHIfH JIIlIla 100
43. BepxHHH nmpuua JIUlla 108 102
46. CPCllHHH mnpilua JIIfu,a 94
45. CI\YJIOBoii lII1aMCTp 138?
48. Bep;X:IIHJI BbICOTa JIl1lla 62(?) 72
52. BhICOTa Op6IfTW 35,5 32,Orr
51. IlIHpIfHa Op6IIThI OT mf 45,0 41,Orr
51a. IlIIfpJllIa Op6UTW OT d 42,5
54. illIfpIfHa Hoca 20,5
55. BhIcoTa Hoca 44(?) 50
223
43(1)
SG.
55.
MG.
MS.
60.
61.
62.
/)3.
FS.
72.
73.
74.
75(1).
40:5.
48:17.
48:45.
52:51.
52:51a.
54:55.
SS:SG.
MS:MC.
61:00.
63;62.
II pOaOAJ/CeHue ma6.1!. 1.
lIorpeueuHe No 1 ( eHTpanbHall rp06uH4a) lIorpeOeIIHe
N. 4
1l0rpe6aJIbuall IIHma Huma Huma
llpH3uaKB K8.I\1epa N. No4 J\j ;)
--
CKeneT 2
m* M ** ill IH
ill(?)
.--
50-55 2 -25 20-22 14-1j 35-40
DHMaJlHpllaH xoplla (Imo - fmo)
BblCOTi1 nasion /la/l l:mo - fmo
3 llTOMa IW 11 JIJUI pllaH xOPlla
BblcoTa subspinale IIa;1 zm - zm
CHMOTlIqeCHaH I1IlIpUna
CHM01'Uqecl\aH BblC01'a
Mimc IIJIJIO$pOIlTaJIbUalI III npIma
MaKCUJIJIo<ppoIlTaJIblmH BbiCOTa
)J,JIHlla aJIbl!eOJIH[>lIoii Ryrl1
llhtpHlla aJlbUeOJIHpnoii yrlil
)J, JlIUIa Il e oa
Dhlpnua neoa
r.'1VOnila HJIbIIWBOii HMKH (B MM)
OOiIlIIU JIHueBOii yroJI
CpellllHii JIIIu.euoif yroJI
¥I'OJI aJlbUeOJIHpaoii qaCTII JInD;a
¥I'OJI BbicTyrralinH IIoca
lIa30MaJIHpJlblii yroJI
;lnrOMa1(CUJIJIHPUbill yroJI
I-hmmllii "pail l'pymemIlIuoro OTBep-
CTHH
IIcp(, He-liocOBaH qaCTb (no Epo-
Ha 1-5)
97,5
18,0
93,5
21,0
10,0
5.0
17,4(?)
!J,3(?)
55
m
47
45
7.5
84
87
80
34
139
131
Ant(?)
5
Ant(?)
Ant.
YKaaame.w ./tulfeeozo omoe./ta
BblcTyrramm JIn[ a
BepTIiH3JIbllbiR <pau.no-u.epeOpaJIb-
lIb1ii
BepxneJIl" enoii
OpOll1'1IbIii OT mf
OPOIlTHblii OT d
HOCOBOii
CUMOTIIqeCHllii
Ma He llJIJI o<ppo II TaJIbIIJ.lH
AJIbBeo.'1Hpublii
11 e6 II bI if
102,0
55,8
52,2
78,9
83,5
41,0
50,0
53,5
121,8
95,7
H U:JICI£JU 'le./tlOcmb
6S. MbIlI eJlI(OnaH mnpnna
66. EUrOIlHaJIbilaH IIIl1pUlIa
67. TIcpeRIIHH m1lplllla
68. )J,JIlllIa IIn}KIWii qeJIIOCTH OT yrJIOB
69. BbicoTa CJfM<pJl3a
69(1). BblcoTa TeJIa
69(3). TOJlInIlna TeJIa
70. BbicoTa BeTllH
71a. HaHMcllbmaH mnpnna BeTBH
79. ¥roJI BeTBn Rnameu qeJIIOCTIf
66:68. illl1pOTlIO-UpO,J,OJIblibIU YI\a3aTeJIb
224
111
85(?)
69
33
32n
fin
50
32
131
123,2
45
32
33
9
32
--t-
n pOaO,1"CeHUe ma6A. I.
llorpeOOIUIe M 1 (qeHTpanbIlaII rpooHuqa) l!orpe(jeHue
M4
llorpeOaJIbIlaII Hilma Huma Huma
llpu3HaKII KaMepa M3 M4 M5
cneJ1eT 2
iii * M ** 111 m
1Ii(?)
50-55 22-25 20-22 . 11.-15 35-40
71a:70. ¥Ra;JaTeJIb BeTBII - - - - 64,0
69(3):69(1). YRa3aTeJIb MaCCHBIIOCTH 28,1 - - 3M
* )H - )f(i'HCKOe
e* M - MymCI\Oe
T a 6 JI Ir n; a 2. HHl\:UBHl\:yaJIbRblC R3MepeRuli l\:JlIIRllbIX IwcTeii BCPXRRX ROlle'lIlOCTeii CI eJleTOB
IIJI DOI'pt.>OCUUII "ypraHa iKcJlTOl\aMCHI\a
IIorpeooHue .Ni 1 (qelITpaJIblIalI rpoUHlIqa)
IIorpeoanbHalI KaMepa Huma M 3 Hilma M 4
CKeneT .Nit 1 CHCJ1e? No 2 iii M
. M* )K **
llpKaHaKil 22-25 20-22
50-55 50-55
IIp I II pa-I IIPa-\ I1 p a-!
Ball JIeBM Ball JIeB3II BalI JIeBaa BM JIeBaII
II .4e'leeaR. II:OCmb
1. HaH60JIbman lIJIHIIa 367 285 285 307 331
2. Ben )'(JIlrlIa 362 28ft 282 302 329
3. BepXIInn :mlr(l1lr3apnan mHpHHa 55 45,5 45 43 51,5
4. HHmlInn :JllIl(IIIfJapnan mHpUHa 69 55 55 50 51,5 65
5. I1aII60JIbmIfH lIIIaMeTp cepellHIIbI )'(H8-
iflHJa 24,5 20 18 t9 19 21
6. HauMelIbmHU: lIIfaMeTp cepe)'(HHhll\:Ha-
qJIf3a 20 15 14,5 17 17 17,5
7. HaHMeIlI,man oRpymlIOCTb lIIIa4>H3a 70 53 52 56 57 62
7a. ORpymHocTb cepellUHbI Jl,Haq>H3a 73 58 55 57 58 64
6:5. Y RaaaTeJIb CeqelIIIn 81,6 75,0 80,6 89,5 89,5 83,3
7:1. YRa3aTeJlb npO'lHOCTII 19,1 18,6 18,3 18,2 18,7
II Y'leeaR. Itocm&
1. HaH60JIbman lIJIHIIa 293 236 253
2. tl>If3IrOJIOrH'leCKan lIJIHIIa 270 224 238
4. TIone pe'lU"'H lIIfaMeTp lIHa4mJa - 18,5 15 15 17
5. CarUTTaJIblI"'H lIIIaMeTp lIIIa<pIf3a 13,5 11 10 13
3. HaHMeHbman oKpymlIocTb lIHa4!H3a 48 42
5:4. YRaaaTeJIb CeqelIIfn 73,0 73,3 66,7 76,5
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1'5 1-1058 , 25
n pooo./tJ/Cenue ma6./t. 2
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3. HaJIMeHbmaH oRpymlIocTb 43 41 - - 34 33 38 37
3:2. YRa3aTeJIb upO'lIIOCTII 16,0 15,2 - - 15,3 15,0 16,2 16,0
11:12. YRa3aTeJIb Ce'leI!IfH 6R.0 60,(J - - 70,6 67,7 87,5 93,8
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6. CarUTTaJIbHbIH lIHaMeTp cepe)'(JIHbI )'(JI-
a<pu3a 36 23 23 25 25,5 27,5 27
7. TIonCpe.'lHbIH )'(IfaMeTp CepellJIHbI )'(lfa-
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10. BepxIIu:.iI CarJITTaJIbHbIii )'(JIaMeTp n;JI-
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8. OKpylli!IOCTb cepe)'(IfHbI )'(JIa<pJI3a 71 73 76 75 83 83
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10:9 YKa3aTeJIb IIJJaTID4epHH 75,0 90;0 78,6 75,9 81,5 77,2 78,3 68,8
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2. MhInteJIIWDO-TapanHaH AJIIfHa 406 308 321 325 351 '
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JI Y'IC-I1JIe'JeBoii - 73,0 72,0 72,2 74,3 - 74,1 - 73,8 75,3
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H. I hi pcolla 178,9 149,9 156,1 Wi,8 1U3,9 158,5
M. Tpo'fTep If r. rJI()3('p 187,1 152,7 161,7 172,3 170,3 1{i3,8
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69. BbIcoTa CJIMcpH3a - 30 MM;
69 (1). BbIcoTa TeJIa - 29 MM;
69(3). 'I'OJIm;HHa TeJIa - 13 MM.
71a. HaHMeHblIIaH IllJIpHHa TeJIa - 33 MM.
H II: III a .J'{ 3 ((IO/HHaH»). COXpaHHJlCH
'ICpenHOll CBO}J; CI\CJIeTa H cpparMeHT Hll/I,-
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HeCROJILKO ynJIOm;eHHaH. JIoKTeBI.Ie KOCTH
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}J;JIacpH3a.
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['[tIla. OTHOCHIlI,erOCH I{ 3HaTHhIM norpe-
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llo MHeHHIO B. B. <PuplUTeMH, Bce TpU
qepeHa H3 eHTpaJIbHblX 3axopOHeHUH
AJIeKCaHD,pOIIO.'1bCI\Oro KypraHa, B TOM
tIl1cJ!e H 'lepen U3 KaTaKoM6bI IV (UHB.
.N2 5141-4), nOXOil\U Ha caBpOMaTCKHe,
a COIIpOBOmLJ;aIOIllIIe (<<CJIYI'lj») - Ha TU-
rrII'lHO CKucpcKue H3 IIpuLJ;HenpoBbH 8.
IIy6JIHI,yeMbrM MaTepUaJI ll3 IKeJITOlmMeH-
KH TaKOll qeTKO H LJ;ucpcpepeHQI1a HU He
LJ;aeT: corrpOBomLJ;aIOIllHe norpe6eHHbIe (B
eHTpa.'1bHOM 3axopOHeHUH 'leperra He
COXpaHUJIIICb) rrpeLJ;CTaBJIeHbI pa3JIH'lHbIMH
aUTpOnOJIOrU'leCKUMU TunaMH - U xa-
paKTepHbIM MeCTHbIM (LJ;OJIllXOKpaHHbIM
menCI\HH 'lepen lf3 HHlUR .M 3), U IIIUpOKO
pacrrpOCTPanenHbIM y caBpOMaTOB (6pa-
230
XHRpaHHbIll MymcKoH 'leI' en R3 rmIIIII
.M 4).
OC06bIll UHTepec npeLJ;CTaBJIHeT nOJIO-
B03paCTHoe pacrrpeLJ;eJIeHUe rrorpe6eHHbIx
B eHTpaJIhHOll rp06HU! e. OCHOBHoe rro-
rpe6enue conepmeHHO LJ;JIH nOlI\HJIoro Mym-
<{UHbI U nMKUJlOll meHIllUHbI. JIH a, O'le-
BULJ;HO, conpOBOiKl1:aIOIlI,UC 3HaTHbIX oc06,
6I,W:H 3Ha'lIfTeJIbHO MOJIOiRe: ABa no.n:-
pOCTKa 14-15 JIeT U MOJlOLJ;bIe MYiRIJHHa
U meHIlluHa. 3axopoHemfH corrpOnOml1:aIO-
IlI,UX oc06 rrpu norpe6eHuH 31IaTHbIX CKH-
cpOB HaYKe He U3BeCTHbI (qepTOMJIbI KUM
KypraH, COJIOxa, MeJIUTOnOJIhCRUH RYp-
raH U LJ;p.) 9. Ho LJ;O cnx rrop 3'1'0 6bIJIlI
JIUIIIb BHayaJIbHhle Ha6JIIOLJ;eHlIH apxeOJIO-
rOB. B rrOCJIeLJ;uee BpeMH HaM U3BeCTHO
3axopOHeHHe 3HaTHOU CRUcpHHRH H3 «TOJI-
CTOM MOrUJIhD) (paCKonKU B. H. M030JIeB-
CRoro 1970 r.), rrpeLJ;CTaBJIHIOIIJ,ee C060M
3aKpbITI>Ill: KOMIIJIeRC, LJ;eTaJIbHO onucaH-
HbIll aHTponO.;JorOM 10. 3HaTHYJO }KeHIllUHY
conpOBOiKLJ;aJIH: LJ;eBO'lKa-CJIymaHKa 7-8
JIeT, BOUH-«TeJIOXpaHRTeJIb» 20-23 JIeT,
«ROHIOX - 23-25 JIeT Il (<KyxapKa» 18-
21 rOLJ;a (onpeLJ;eJIeHllH conpOBmKLJ;aIOIllUX
oc06 - (<KOHIOX», «TCJIOxlJaHUTeJIb» U T. LJ;.
LJ;aHbI B. H. M030JIeBCKUM).
HaJIH'lHe KocTeii: nOCTKpaHUaJIbHOrO
CKeJIeTa n03BOJIHJIO peKOHCTpYHpOB3Th
pOCT norpe6eHHbIX. O'leHb 60.'1bIIIUM pOC-
TOM OTJIlI'laJICH 3HaTlwj'l CI\Hcp (CKeJIeT
.M 1 Ira eHTpaJIbnoii rp06mJI bI), pOCT
meHIllUHbl, I10rpe6eHHoii pHLJ;OM C HI1M,
B MaCUITa6ax MupOBoro pacnpCl1:eJIeHUH -
HUFKe Cpel1:Hero. 8TH LJ;DHHbre MhI MonWM
cpaBHUTb TOJIbKO C pOCTOM CKUCPOB U3
«'fOJICTOll Mo, rIf.1IbD) rLJ;e pOCT MY}I,qUHbI
(U3 TaK Ha3bIBaC1\!Oro rrorpeoenua (<I(apH»)
OTJIH'laJICH CpeD,HU1\1l1 pa:mepa1\IU (01'
163,9 CM no H. IIl1pcoHY 11:0 170,3 CM no
M. TpoTTep R f. fJIe3ep), a pOCT FI,eHIllUHbI
(U3 norpe6eHHH « apm(bI») - 60JIh-
mUMR (0'1' 158,5 CM no K. fhIpCOHY LJ;O
163,8 CM no M. TpoTTep U f. fJIe3ep;
Ta6JI. 4). B ocnOBHOM mc cpaBHUTeJIhHbIe
MaTepHaJIbI no pOCTY CKHCPOB 113 ooraTbIX
3axopoHeHuii: OTCYTCTBYIOT (onYOJIHKO-
BaHHbIe JIlaTepHaJILl U3 AJIeI{CaULJ;pOIlOJIh-
CRoro RypraHa ,lJ;aHId 6e3 nOCTRpaHlIaJIb-
HblX CReJIeTOB).
)J;JIlIHa TeJIa CRlIcpOB CTenHOH YRpalIHbI
(COOpHaH ceplIH) no MaTepnaJIaM T. C. I\oH-
,lJ;Yl{TOPOBOH OTHOClITCH R Cpe,lJ;HHM
BeJIU'lHHaM 11. CJIe,lJ;OBaTeJIbHO, npnBe-
,lJ;enHbIe ,lJ;aHHbIe 0 pOCTe ClmcpOB 1I3 KYP-
l'aHa y llieJITOKaMeHRH (conpOBOIR,lJ;aIOl11.He
OCOObI HMeJIH Cpe,lJ;HlIH pOCT) He BbIXO,lJ;HT
3a paMRH yme H3BeCTHbIX BapHaI1;Hii, 3a
HCRJl10YJeHHeM OqeHb OOJIbillOrO CKeJIeTa
MYlRqHHbI H3 I1;eHTpaJIbHOrO norpeoeHHH
(CReJ1eT oM 1), nORa He HMeIO:ru.ero aHaJIO-
mH.
1 Bap K. M. OrmcaHue 'IepenOB, BbIphITbIX
If3 AJIoKcaulIPOnOJIbCIWrO KypraHa. - )],peD-
nOCTH l'0PO)\OTOIJoii Crm<pUII, nplfJIOmeHIfe.
ClIo., 1866.
2 (()up Ulmeth" B. B. qepena R3 AJIeKcaHllpo-
nOJIbCIWrO CKR<pCJWro KypraHa.- BonpocbJ
aHTpOnOJIOrIIIf, 1966, Dbrn. 22, c. 62-76.
3 OnIfcaHue norpooenutr llano B CTaThO B. H. Mo-
30JIeBCKOro B HaCTOHUIOM CUOpHlIKO.
4 B yltaK B. B. COOTIfOUlOHIfO IInUHW cerMeHTOB
II nOmmH lIJIIIIIa TOJIa no If3Mf'peIIIIHM Ha CI\(1-
JIeTaX (cpaBHIfTe.'IbUaH xapaKTepllCTIfKa lInyx
rpynn).- Bonpocw aHTpOnOnOrIfIf, 19tH,
BhlIl. 7, c. 41-65.
5 Ta r mf1.
6 OnpelleJIenlIe 3a60JIeDaHIfii If onIfcaHIfe na-
TOJIOrIIii Ha nOCTKpaHIfaJIbHOM CKOJIOTO npOHO-
ReHO npn ROHcyJIbTaIIIfIf 1I0KTopa 6IfOJIOm-
'IeCKIfX HaYK E. 11. )],aHlrJIoBoii, 3a 'ITO aBTOp
DwpamaOT eii IfCKpeHHIOIO UJIarop:apBOCTb.
7 l{JupUlmeun B. B. YRa3. CO'l., c. 72-75.
B Ta 1 me, c. 76.
B ApxeOJIoriH YKpa"iHcbKo"i PCP. I\., 1971,
T. 2, c. 48, 58-69.
10 KpYlf C. I. 1\0poTJ{a xapaKTepIfcTIIKa naJIeo-
aHTpOnOJIori'lHIfX MaTepiaJIiD 3 TODCTO"i
MOrllJIIf.- B KH.: MOJO./te6CbKUU B. M. TOB-
eTa Monma. 1\., 1979.
11 KOlioOYKmop06a T. C. AHTpOnOJIOrRH !lpeD-
Hero HaCeJIOHIfH YKpallHbI (I TbIC. 110 H. a.-
Cepel\lfHa I TbIC. H. a.). M., 1972, c. 20.
C. A. CKOpbIH
CRH<DCRHft RyprAH
C RAT AROMBAMH
B CEBEPHOM RPbIMY
B 1930 r. H. JI. 8pHCTOM HCCJIe,lJ;OBaH
cRHcpcRHH RypraH (oM 1) y c. KaMRaJIbI
(noCeJIOR BepemHoe) ,n;maHRoHcRoro
paHoHa, BOJIH3H CHBama, cO,lJ;epF1\aIl(HH 3a-
xopoHeHHH B MOrUJIaX-RaTaROMoax 1. AD-
TOp paCRonOR He onyGJIHROBaJI MaTepHaJIbI
HCCJIe,lJ;OBaHlIH, OrpaHHqlIBIlllICb OOCTOH-
TeJIbHbIM OTqeTOM 2. KpaTRaH HHcpopMa-
I1;HH H. JI. 8pHCTa B II3BeCTHHx TOIIA8
HBJIHJIaCb OCHOBHbIM HCTOqHHROM no ,lJ;aH-
HOMY naMHTHHRY 3.
B HaqaJIe 50-x rO,lJ;OB T. H. TpOHI1;KaH
B CBO,lJ;HOH pa60Te no Cl\HcpCKHM l1orpe6e-
HHHM B RypraHax KpbIMa IrCnOJIb30BaJIa
MaTepHaJIbI 3Toro RypraHa, OTMeTHB, B
qaCTHOCTH, 6JIH30CTb RaTaRoMo C HHrI\He-
. )];HenpOBCKHMH. n peJI;I10JIOiHHTeJIbHO CBR-
3WBaH HX coopymeHHe C nplI,lJ;HenpOBcRHM
npHillJIIdM HaCeJIeHlIeM, OHa ,lJ;aTHpOBaJIa
RaTaRoM6bI IV -Ill BB. ,lJ;0 H. 3. 4
B nOCJIe,lJ;Hee BpeMH qHCJIO OTRpbITbIX B
KpbIMY RaTaROM6 3Ha qIlTeJlbHO YBeJIHqH-
JIOCb 5. B CBH31I C 3TlIM nOHBHJIaCb B03-
MomliOCTb CJI;eJIaTb 60JIee 06CTOHTeJlbHbIe
BbIBO.i1bI, RaCaIOIl(lIeCH 9TlIX norpe6aJIbHhIX
coopymeHuH KpbIMCHlIX CHHcpOB. OJI;HaRt}
113BeCTHbI OHH, rJIaBHbIM oopa30M, no
HpaTHHM ynoMHHaHHHM B HHcpopMaI1;HHx
o pacRoDHax.
B HaCTOHIl(eii: pa60Te, HaDHcaHHoii: no
MaTepHaJIaM H. JI. 8pHcTa, HCDOJIb3YIOTCR
,n;HeBHHI\, OTqeT lICCJIeJI;OBa TeJIH II rrpe,lJ;-
MeTbI norpeOaJIbHOrO IIHBeHTapH, naXO,lJ;H-
Il(IIeCH B cpoHJI;ax KpbIMcI\Oro oGJIaCTHOro
HpaeBeJI;qeCROrO MY3eH. 01IIICaHHe He-
coxpaHIIBIllIIxCH HaXO,lJ;OR ,lJ;aHO 110 ,n;HeB-
HIIHY II OTlIeTY H. JI. 8pHcTa.
KypraH oM 1 BXO,lJ;HJI B rpynny II3 15 Ha-
CbIneH BbICOTOii: 0,75-1,5 M, THHYIl(IIXCH
I1;eDOqKoii: C BOCTOHa Ha 3anaJI; B 1,5 RM
IOamee DOCeJI1\a Bepemiioe (pIIC. 1). Kyp-
raH CII.'IbHO pacnaxaH. Ero BbICOTa 0,75,
231
tJ;lIaMeTp 20 M. HaCbTIIb COCTOHJIa H3 CJIOH
'IepH03€Ma TOJIIIJ;lUlOll OT 0,3 .n;o 0,5 M
H CJIOH rJIHHbI, CMellIaHHOll C 1JepH03eMOM,
TOJIIIJ;HHOll 0,2-0,4 M. B Hell: BCTpe1JaJIHCb
IJ!parMeHTbI OCTpO.n;OHHbIX aJIJIHHHCTH1Je-
Clmx aMlJ!op. ,IJ;Be KaTaKOMUbI pacrrOJIome-
8 n. 5epellr.'lQ'
.; .
.L
;:
;
o 0 II
. 0" ,.
()
,.
,_ :300
PHC. L llJIaH KypraHHoM rpynnhl y c. HaMKaJIhl.
HbI B IOrO-3arra.n;HOH 1JaCTH KypraHa H HMe-
Jill BXO.n;bI C rrpOTHBOrrOJIOmHblX CTOpOH
(pHC. 2). 06e BbIpe3aHbI B rrJIOTHOll MaTe-
PHIWBOii r JIHHe.
M 0 r H JI a «a». Bxo.n;HaH HMa HMeeT
BlI.n; RpyrJIOro B lIJIaHe BepTHKaJIbHOrO
HOJIotJ;u;a .n;HaMeTpoM 0,6 M. fJIy6HHa ee
OT .n;peBHell .n;HeBHoll rrOBepXHOCTH 2,35 M.
,IJ;HO HMbl rr01JTH ropH30HTaJIbHO (pHC. 3).
BxoJ( B l\aTaRoM6y HMeJI BlI.n; rrpaBHJIbHOrO
OBaJIa pa3MepoM 0,6 X 0, 75 M 6. B rp06-
Hl'1U;Y Be.n;YT .n;Be He60JIbllIHe CTYlIeHH. Ka-
TaRoMua B lIJIaHe HerrpaBHJIbHO-OBaJIbHOll
!{JOPMbl, rrpo.n;OJIbHOrO THrra (pa3Mepbl
:3,2 X 2,1 M) 6bUla BbITHHYTa C IOro-
3arra.n;a Ha ceBepo-BOCTOI\. ,IJ;HO HeCKOJIbKO
nOl\aTO 1\ ceBepo-BocTORY. OHO lIOCblrraHO
IoreJIKOH paKYIliROH. IIoTOJIOR a PI\:006pa3-
RbIll. BbICOTa ero 1 M. fJIy6HHa .n;Ha OT
AHeBHoll rroBepxHocTH ,6 M.
MOrHJIa rrOJIROCTbIO orpa6JIeHa. B 3a-
CbIllH BXO.n;HOll HMbl H B 3alIOJIHeHHH RaTa-
ROM6bl HaH.n;eHbl MHOr01JHCJIeHHble rrOJIO-
MaHHble 1JeJIOBe1JeCI\He ROCTH; y IOmHOH
CTeHbl - ABa 1Jeperra 6e3 HlIiKHHX 1JeJIIO-
32
CTeH, OqeHb IIJIOXOH coxpaHHOCTH 7. R ce-
BepO-BOCT01JHOM I\OHu;e l(aTaKOM6bl 06Ha-
pymeH rrpOJIOM CTeHbl, Be.n;YllI.HH K BrrycI(-
HOMY lIorpe6eHHlO na.n; RaTalwM60ii.
BrrycKHoe rrorpe6eHHe cOBepmeHo B
HMe pa3MepaMH 3,5 X 2, 1 M, 3arJIy6JIeH-
1
o
17
Pnc. 2. llJIaH KypraHa oN! 1.
HOll B MaTeplIR .n;o 1,8 M, C He60JIbIImM nOA-
60eM B IOmHOK CTeHe. YMepmHll JIe)f(aJI
B no.n;60e Ha CIIllHe, BblTHHYTO, rOJIOBOH
Ha 3alIa.n;. CoxpaHHocTb KOCTeu xopomaH.
Y 'Ieperra HaH)];eHbI )];Ba He60JIbllIHX MeJJ;-
HblX BHC01JHbIX KOJIbn;a, B O.n;HOM OCTaTRH
JIbHHHOll: TKaHH 8. PJJ)];OM C-KOCTHMH KYCKH
.n;epeBa, BH.n;HMO, OT rp06a. B03MOiKHO,
MOrHJIa lI03.n;HeR01JeBHH1JeCKaJJ. HaR OT-
lIW1JaJI H. JI. 8PHCT, rrpH ee coopYiI\eHHH
H 6bIJIa orpa6JIeHa MOrHJIa tal). O.n;HaI\O
He HCKJII01JeHO, 'ITO aTO lIpOH30mJIO B 60-
JIee paHHee BpeMH, rrOCKOJIbKY BXO.n; B Ra-
TaRoM6y He 6blJI 3aKpblT H BO Bxo.n;Hon
HMe 06HapYjIWHbl MHOr01JHCJIeHHbl 'le-
JIOBe1JeCKHe ROCTH.
M 0 r H JI a «0». BXO)];HaH JJMa, OBaJIb-
HaJJ B rrJIaHe, B BH.n;e BepTHRaJIbHOrO KO-
JIo.n;u;a C OCHMH 0,8 H 1,3 M 6blJIa opHeHTH-
pORana lIO )];JIHHe C BOCTORa Ha 3arra.n;.
,n;HO HMbl nOI(aTOe, C JIerRHM HaRJIOHOM
B CTOPOHY RaTaKOM6bI (pHC. 4). Ee rJIY-
6HHa 2,1-2,35 M. Bxo.n; B RaMepy HMeJI
BH)]; RpyrJIOro o1;BepCTHJJ HenpaBHJIbHOH
<pOpllUol ).ULa¥eTpoM 0,75 M. IIorpeoaJIl>HaH
DJ;HH3», no 3aRJIJOqeHIIIO H. JI. 8PHCTa.
B IOro-33nal HoM yrJlY CrrpiJB3 OT qopena
HaH eHbI QOPHOJI3IWBMH JIeRHIJ! (3), Qep-
HOJIaKOBbJH KHJIRH (4), GpoH30Boe 3epHa-
JIO (5), RYCOR epeBa, IWCTHHOH CTep-
meHb (6), IWCTHHaH nOn;eJIRa (7), CBRHI.\O-
6
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2,4 X 1,6 M, OpHOHTHpOBaHa cTporo no
lII1HHFI BOCTOI\ - 3ana . )J,HO ee, CJIerKa
naKJIOHIlOe R 3ana y, pacnOJIOmeHO Ha
fJlyGlme 2,35-2,5 M OT peBHeH HeBHoH
nOBcpXliOCTlI. KaR R B nepBoM Clmene,
r
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apJ\Oo6pa3HblH. BbICOTa J;:aMepbI 0,95 M.
MOl'RJIa qaCTRqHO orpaGJIeHa B n;peB-
ROCTlf Qepe3 BXO HYIO HMY. B 3anOJIHeHHR
JIM hI HaH OHbI qeJIOBeqeCRHe ROCTH, Ba
6POH30BblX Hal\oHeqHHI;:a CTpeJI (1). Pa3-
po:meHHble, nOJIOMaHHbIe qeJIOBeqeCRHe
J\OCTH 3alJ!lmcRpoBaHbI B nepe HeH qaCTR
3anOJIIICHHH RaMepbI. 3 ecb me HaH):(eHbI
Melll\lfe 6YCbI R3 CTeIwa R naCTbl (2).
B ceBepHoH I10JIOBHHe RaTaRoM6bl co-
[pamlJIaCb BepXHffH qaCTb CReJIeTa B3pOC-
IOro tIeJIOBel\a ():(o JIORTeii R nOHCHlIl.\bI).
YtIePUlHH JIeif\8JI Bn;OJIb RaMepbI, BbITH-
[YTO, Ha CIIHHe, rOJIOBOH Ha 3ana):(. BOCTH
IWJleTa (<HeBeJIHRH n TOHHH, B03paCT no-
:OIDIHRa 20-30 JIeT, B03MomHO, meH-
.6 1-1058
BbIe npHCJIHI a (8, 9), meJIe3HbIH Hom (10),
ROCTH OBQbl OT mepTBeHHOl! nnn'H, IJ!par-
MeHTbl JIenHOro cocyn;a (11). MOpCRHO pa-
ROBRHbI (12), JIHrHFlTOBaH IIO BeCRa (13).
UpH OROHtIaTeJIbHOH 3atIHCTRe RaMepbI B
IIepe Hell: '{aCTR ee 6bIJIR HaHn;eHbI eru.e
IIffTb GpOH30BbIX HaROHetIHRROB CTpeJI (1).
OnHcaHHe HaXOn;OR:
1. CeMb 6pOH30BbIX HaROHeqHHROB
CTpeJI CJIe yIOru.RX THnOB 9: Tpex rpaHHble
(5 3R3.) co cJIa60 onyru.eHHblMM ROHl.\aMH
rpaHeH, He60JIbllIRMH BbIpe3aMR B HX
OCHOBaHHHX H CRpbITOH BTYJIROii (pRC. 5,
16-20); HHB. oM A-17493-17496,
17498), TpeXJIOnaCTHoii C HeGOJIbllIHMH BbI-
pe3aMH B OCHOBaHHHX H CRpbITOH BTYJIROll
(pRC. 5, 21; HHB. oM A - 17497), TpeXJIO-
'233
naCTHOH C m:A:nOM H BbICOIWH BTYJIIWH
(pHC. 5,22; HRB. oM A-17499). JIonacTb
06JIOMaRa, BbICOTa coxpaHHBmeHcH qaCTH
2,6 CM.
2. CTeRJIHRHbIe H naCTOBbIe 6YCbI pa3-
JIHqRbIX THnOB 10 H l\BeTOB: 60qROBH.n;HbIe
rOJIyGLle H tlepHbIe (pHC. 5,5-7; HRB.
oM A-17501-17503), ROpOTRO-l\HJIHR.n;-
pUqeCRHe CHHHe H GeJIbIe (pHC. 5, 9-11,
B
A
,. 0
L....-1 B r
PRe, 4. TIJIaB R paapea KaTalwM6bI «I;».
14; 15; HHB. oM A-17505-17507,
17510-17511), mapoBH.n;HbIe 6eJIoro H
CHHero I BeTOB (pHC. 5, 12, 13; HHB.
oM A-17508-17509).
3. 1JepROJIaIWBbIH JIeRHtf> «(MaJIbIH... C
RaHHeJIIOpaMH, JIaR C rpatf>HTRbIM 6JIec-
ROM» 11).
.t. 1JepHOJIaROBbIH RHJIHR. B tf>oH.n;ax
MY3ea COXpaRHJIHCb TPH tPparMeHTa RH-
JIHKa: .n;Ba OT BeHqHRa C OTBepCTHHMH .n;JIH
RpenJIeHHH H O.n;HR OT pyqKH (pHC. 5,
2-3; HHB. oM A-17512-17513).
5. BpoR30Boe 3epKaJIO (<<l\pYrJIoe,
60JIbmOe, TORRoe C a3blqROM MH pyqRH»,
C «RpyrJIbIMH 3aRJIenRaMH OT pyqI{H»).
6. ROCTHROH CTepmeHb (<<lIrJIa .n;JIHH-
RaH», «CTepmeHb, BH.n;HMO, .n;JIH BepeTeRa,
pa3JIOMaR Ha .n;Be qaCTH»).
7. RocTHHaH no.n;eJIRa «(TIOJIbIH BHYTPH
234
l\HJIHH.n;pHR 60qOHR006pa3HoH tf>o, pMbI»
«BepOHTHO, .D;JIH npHmH HJIH TKaRbH»).
TIo BceH BH.D;HMOCTH, COCTaBHaH qaCTb Be-
peTeHa.
8. CBHRl\OBOe ROHHqeCKOe npHCJIHI e
«(fpY3HJIbl\e CBHHl\OBoe tf>oPMbI yceqeR-
Horo KORyca»).
9. CBHHII,OBOe npHCJIHI e 6HKOHHQeCKOe
(<<To me <pOpMhl .n;BoHHoro yceQeHIIOrO IW-
Ryca»).
10. JJ\'eJIe3RhlR Hom C ROCTHHOH PYRO-
HTbIO (<<CKHtf>cKoro THna», «c KOCTHROH py-
ROHTKOH, npORJIenaHHOHmeJIe30M, pyqRa
OT.D;eJIbHO}». Cy.n;H no cXeMaTHqeCKoMY PH-
CYRKY B ,IJ,HeBHHRe, Hom HMeJI rop6aTYlO
cnHRRY.
11. JIenHoH cocy.n;. B tf>oHAax MY3ea
xpaRHTCH tf>parMeHThi 3Toro cocy.n;a, n03BO-
JIHIOmHe Cy.n;HTb 0 ero tf>opMe H pa3Mepax
(pHC. 5, 1; HHB. oM A-17482-17489).
fopmoR HMeJI oRpyrJIble nJIeqHKH, He-
BbICORHR oTorHYTbIR BHYTPb BeRqHK H
nJIOCROe .n;HO. BeHqHR no RpaIO YRpameH
opHaMeRTOM B BII.D;e ROCbrx JIHHHH, HaRe-
ceHHbIX OCTphiM npe.n;MeTOM. BbIcoTa ropm-
Ra He MeRee 15 CM, .n;HaMeTp BeRqHKa 60-
JIee 7, .n;HaMeTp .n;Ha OKOJIO 8,5 CM. TIo-
BepXROCTb ropmRa mepOXOBaTaH, OT .n;Ha
.n;o nJIeqHROB Ha ReR COXpaHHJICH CHJIhHhlR
CJIoii: Harapa.
12. MopcRHe paROBHHbI. O.n;Ha H3
RHX - paKOBHHa Raypll co cpe3aHHoH
cnHRROH (pHC. 5,4; HRB. .N'2 A-17500),
.n;pyraH, Cy.n;H no CXeMaTHqeCROMY PHCYH-
RY B ,IJ,HeBHHRe, BHTaH.
13. JIerHHToBaH nOaBeCRa CHHero l\Be-
Ta nHpaMH.n;aJIbHOH tf>oPMbI TIJIOXOH co-
xpaHHOCTH (pHC. 5, 8; HHB. oM A-17504).
H. JI. 8pHCT OTRec RypraHbI R 3Doxe
3JIJIHRH3Ma 12. T. H. TpoHl\RaH 60JIee
onpe.n;eJIeHHO .n;aTHpOBaJIa RaTaRoM6bI
IV -III BB. .n;o H. 3. 13
II3 coxpaHHBmHXCH npe.n;MeTOB HHBeH-
TapH HaH60JIee Ha.n;emRbIM .D;aTHpYIOIII.HM
MaTepHaJIOM .n;JIH RaTaRoM6bI «6» HBJIHIOTCa
HaROHeqRHKH CTpeJI H JIenROH cocy.n;.
HaROHeqRHRH CTpeJI (mecTb H3 ceMH,
T. e. TpexrpaHHhle H TpeXJIOnaCTHhiH co
CRpbITOH BTYJIROH) xapaRTepHbI .n;JIH CRHtf>-
S . .,....; ;
...... o' ." ....,:
' ; , ... :'.::. : r:' ,
a 2 4 'If
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16*
J
CKIIX ROMIIJTeKCOn IV -III BB. ){O H. a. 14
HalWHeqHliK C UIlInOM II BbICOKOR BTYJI-
KOR - HBno apX811'QeCKorO oGJIHKa (He
n03iI\C KOHlW V B. ){O H. a.), O,D;HaKO npH-
CYTCTBHe ero B CKJIene, no BceR BH){HMO-
CTII, CJIyqaHHO. COCY){bI C nO){06HOH: opHa-
MeHTau.lIeH: I OBOJIbHO XOpOlIlO H3BeCTHbI
CpClIH ClmcpCKIfX naMHTHHT\OB nO){uenpo-
BbH 1 V -II I BB. 1\0 H. a. 16, CeBepo-3ana,D;-
Dora lIpH'fCpHOMOpbH 16 H CTenHoro KpbI-
M3 17 . 8THM iHe 'BpeMeHeM, nO-BH){HMOMY,
JlaTlI'pyeTcH II KaTaKOM6a «a».
lIpC){CTaBJIHeTCH, qTO ny6JIHRyeMbIe Ha-
MH MaTCpll'aJIbl Kypraua y c. l\aMRaJIbI
MorYT 6UTb HCDOJIb30BaHbT B I\pyry HCTOq-
HHI\OB no H3yqeHHIO norpe6aJIbHbIX cooPY-
meHHU KpbIMCKIIX CKHcpOB.
9pH.cm n. Jl. JICTOIIHC.b apxeoJIOm'leCKIIX pac-
KOUOl( If paaBel\oK B I\phlMY aa 10 JIeT (1921-
1930).- H3B. TaBp. 06m;ecTBa RCT. apxeOJl.
R <lTHOrpacpRIl. 1930, oM 4, c. 9L
2 OT'IeT R nOJIeBOIf lIBeBBIIK H. JI. opHCTa xpa-
HIITCR D apXKDe OUJIaCrHOro KpaeBeA'lecKoro
MyaeR B r. CRM4>epOnOJIe (ApXRB l\phlMcKoro
OOJIaCTBOro KpaeBClI'IC('.Jwro MyaeH, on. 3).
BTOpOi1 ;maeMnJIlIp OT'IeTa xpaBRTClI B ap-
XHBe JIOHA (ApXHB JIOUA AH CCCP,
cpo 2, on. 1, 1931 r., oM 7\12, JI. 8-9).
3 Ce.M.eH.o6-3ycep C. A. CKucpcKall np06JIeMa
B OTeqeCTBeBHoii Hayno. XapbKoB, 1947,
c. 145; rpalw6 B. n., Me./tIOK06a A. If. Be
apxeoJIOrlt'IeCKJH' KyJIbTyphl B CKRcpRIl fa-
pO)\OTa.- CA, 1953, N! 18, c. 118; rpaKo6 B. If.,
Me4IOKOea A. If. 06 aTHH'IeCKHX R KYJIb-
TYPBhlX paaJIlt'fIIlIx D CTenHLIX R JIecocTenBhlX
OUJIaCTIIX EDpoueifcKoii '1aCTR CCCP D CKRcp-
CIwe BpOMlI.- B KB.: Bonpochl cKR4>o-cap-
MaTcIwii: apXeOJIOrRR, 1954, c. 75.
I TpoulfKaJl T. fl. CKII<fJcKRe KypraHLI I\pLIMa.-
B KH.: ll:JBecTRlI I\pbIMcKoro OTlIeJIelfllH
feorpacplt'IeCKOrO 06m;ecTBa COIoaa CCP,
1951, N 1, c. 99, KapTa Ha c. 109.
/; lI enUH.Cl;UU A. A., lfepenaH.06a E. H. CeBep-
Hoe TIpRCIIBambC B V-I ThlClt'IeJIeTIIlIX nO
nameR 3phl. CJ!M<pepOUOJIh, 1969, c. 169, pITc. 64,
3; c, 66; c. 143, pRe, 56, 1; menuH.clt"'U A. A.
I\pbJMCKall oxpaBBo-apXeoJIorJl:'IeCKall :JKeIJa-
l(JIII"II.- AO a8 1968, 1969, c. 250; me-
nUH.CbKUU A. O. KpRMcbKa OXopOIIO-apXOOJIO-
ri'lBa cKclIellIlIlill B 1969 pou,i.- B KB.:
ApxeoJIori'lHi lIocJIillmCHHlI Ba YKpalBi B
191)9 p. 1972, c. 38; menullcKuu A. A. llccJIe-
1I0BaBnH IJ CTenBOM I\pbTMY.- AO 3a 1971,
1972, c. 326; ll(enuH.cKuii A. A. HccJIellO-
DaHnH B paBHnHIIoM n ropBoM HpbIMY.-
AO aa 1973, 1974, c. 367; /(opn!lcoea B. M.
I1po BaCeJICBHH XOpH aHTH'IHOI (Deolloei'i.-
APXCOJIOI'ill, 1972, M 6, CTOp. 45, pIle. 3, 4.
& H. JI. 8pHCT "ncaJI, '1TO BXOll B rpoGHIf"Y
npellCTaBJIlIJI coGoii: Kpymoe OTBepCTIIe IIe-
npaBIfJIbHOii cpopMbI AIf8MCTpOM 0,75 M (OT-
'leT 0 paCKOIIKax KypraHoB B )],ll\aBKOiicKOM
paiiOHC B 1930 r., c. 3). OI1;HaKo '1epTem MO-
rIlJIhl II lI.I1aMeTp BxollBoro KOJIOnu,a (0,6 M)
aaCTaBJHIR>T lIYMaTb, '1TO DXOJ\ 6hlJI D BRlIe
OBaJIa.
7 Ha '1epTeme H. JI. :JpHCTa Be BaneCCHhl.
8 Ha '1epTeme H. JI. 8pBCT8 OBn He oGoaBa-
'1eHhl; B cpoHllax MyaeH Be oGHapymcBhl.
· HaKOBe'lHnKR CTpeJI H. JI. 8pHCTOM OTHeceHhl
K aJIJIIIHIICTU'leCKOR RJIR KJIaCCIf'IeCKOii ano-
xaM.
10 H. J1. ::JpHCT OTMe'laJI JIRllb «O'leBb MeJIKIIe
mapo06pa;mhle 6YCRHKII Ra CTeKJIa II naCThl .
OIIIIcaHlle oyc lIaHO COrJIaCHO TIfllOJIOrRH,
npellJIOmeHBOR E. M. AJIcKceeBoii (ARTIf'I-
Hhle 6YChl CeBepHoro TIpR'IepBOMopbll.-
CAH, 1975, r 1-12, c. 31).
11 B KaBhl'lKaX narro OlIIIC8HRe no H. JI. 8PHCTY
HecOXpallllBlJIlIXell HaXOllOK.
It 9pllcm H. ll. OT'IeT..., c. 4.
13 TpoulfltaJI. T. ll. CKII4>cKRe KypraBhI I\phlMa,
c. 99; T. H. Tponu,Kall lIaTIIpOBaJIa CKJICIIhl,
IIOJIb3YHCb Onl!:CaHReM RBBeHTapll B OT'IeTe
H. JJ. 8pHCTa, He npliBJIeKaH ca lRx BaxolloK.
14 Me.4IOK06a A. H. BoopymeBRe cKn<!JoD.-
CAll, 1964, )], 1-4, Ta6JI. 9, K, 3; e, a.
1. rpalt06 B. Il. I\aMeHcKoe ropollIlm;e Ba )],Ben-
pe.- MHA, 1954, oM 36, c. 69, pRe. 10,1;
c. 70, TaOJI. II, 4.
1& Me./tIOK06a A. If. TIoceJIcmte R MOrRJII,HRK
CKRcpCKoro BpeMeBR y celIa HRKOJIae8l(a. M.,
1975, c. 214, pile. 18, 1, 13, 14; c. 215,
pile. 19, 2, 3, 8; c. 210, pRe. 13, 10.
17 D(enUllcKUli A. A., rJepena/w6a E. H. CeDep-
Hoe TIpRcuBallbe.... c. 171, pile. 65, 4.
A. B. CUMOHeHKO
o n03,a;HECIUI<I>CRIIX
HAJIOEHIIRAX
rrpe MCTaM ROnCROll: Y3 bI CRn<pCRoro
BpCMCIH1 YACJICHO HCMaJIO BIm:MaHUR B ap-
XCOJIOrM eCKOll: JIMTepaType.
IloMMMo CneL(lfaJIbHOrO Ifcc.'1e OBaHIfR
apxalfqeCI\Oll: Y3 hI If Y3 e nhIX Ha6opoB
IV -Ill Bn. o n. a., IIpO eJIaHllOrO
B. A. I1JlbHHCROll: 1, IfMceTCR HeCROJIbRO
pa60T, B ROTOpblX B TOll: IfJIIf IfIlOll: CTene-
Hlf paCCMOTpeHbI BonpOChI YCTpOll:CTBa
Y3 hI If TlflIOJIOrMlI OT eJIbHbIX ee aJIeMeH-
TOB 2. ,IJ;OBOJIbIiO cJIa60 1f3y eHlIOll: OCTa-
JIaCb Y3 a If npc MeThi cliapRlKeHMH ROHH
IIo3 neCRJ1<pcl\Oro BpeMellM, XOTR B no-
CJIe nec npeMR UORBHJIIfCb HeRoTopble Ma-
TepUaJIhI no aTOMY Bonpocy. HacToHIII,aR
CTaTbR nOCBRm,eHa rpynne cBoeo6pa3Hblx
HaJIo6HlfROB CRu<po-capMaTcRoro Bpe-
MeHU 3.
IICCJIe.!1ycMhle naJI06HHRIf xapaRTepM-
aYJOTcR cJIe YJOm,IfMH npM3Hal\aMIf: OHIf
HMeJOT nJIOcRYIO nO TpeyrOJIbHYJO nG-
nacTb, pacmlfpRJOIII,YJOCR RHB3Y; B Bepx-
Relf aCTH nOMem,eR OTorHYThIlI Hapymy
RpJOqOR. B MeCTe nepexo a JIOnaCTM B
l\pIOqOR paCnOJIOfKCHa BblcTynaJOIII"HI Ha-
PYiI\Y ne60JIbIIlaR IICTJIR. B JIUTepaType
AJIR o603ria eHMH no o6l1bIX HaJIo6HlfKOB
OTCYTCTBYCT 06I1.1,Mll: TepMMH, noaToMY MhI
CqnTaeM B03MOfI,HbIM IIa3blBaTb ux (<Ha-
JI06nHKaMM C KPJOqKOM».
HaJI oUlllfKn aToro Tlfna ll3BeCTHhI B He-
CROJIbKIfX IIYHKTax Ha TeppHTopHIf CeBep-
Horo IIplfqcpHOMopbR. OIIHIIIeM aTIf Ha-
XOAKI1.
1. c. By6ye b RmnHIIeBcKoro pall:OHa
MOJI aBCKOii CCP. CJIyqallHaH lIaXO Ra
1908 r. II3 KJIa a IIpOIfCXO RT Ba 6pOH-
30BhiX HaJIo6HlfKa 4. OAHU 1I3 HIfX C 3a-
KpyrJICHIIOll: lm:fKHCll qaCTbIO, neBblCORBM
60pTlfROM IIO RpaRM, r.1Ja KOll: BCpTIfKaJIb-
HOll: IIeTJIell 1 KOlleD; RpJO Ra 3arllYT R neT-
ne U UMeeT BU RHOIIRH (pIIC. 1, 5, 6).
,IJ;JIHHa HaJIo6HHKa 13,5 CM, mnpHHa no
Hlf3Y 5 CM. BTOpOll: aK3eMIIJIHp HeCROJIbRO
MeHbmero pa3Mepa (11 X 3 CM), IIO <popMe
aHaJIOrlf eH nepBOMY. BMeCTC C HaJIOUHIf-
RaMIf Hall: eHhI KOTeJI, MeJIKIfC OUJIOMRU
COCy OB, UpOH30BhIe opHaMeHTMponaHHhIe
nJIaCTIfHhI, YKpamaBIIIIfC IIaBI Mpb TUila
RHpaChI, U 6pOH30BhIll: mJIeM 5.
2. c. BCJIIfROnJIOCROe 13e.'1 IlK OMIfXall:-
JIOBCROro pall:OHa O eCCROll: 06JlacTM. ,IJ;Ba
u:eJIhIX If <pparMcHT TpCTherO 6poH30Boro
HaJIo6HIfRa. <PopMa Ta me, TO 11 Y IIpe hI-
ym.lfx. O IfH aR3eMIIJIRp YKpameH no
RpaJO MeJIRHMIf Hace KaMIf, B IIlfmHell:
aCTIf no Ba OBaJIbHhIX If pacnOJIOmeH-
HhiX HUiKe HX KpyrJIhIX OTBCPCTUR"
oRpymeHHbIx TO RaMU. ITo I CHTPy HaJIo6-
HIfRa IIpOXO UT HeBhICOI\Oe pc6po. B OT-
BepcTlf1I nCTJIIf, paCIIOJIOmeJlIIOii n cpe -
lIell: qaCTM naJI06111f1\a, 1f3UYTPM Ba
BhIcTyna. RpJO OR c<popMnpoBau. BIf-
I\OHIf eCRoe pacmlfpeHUC-KHOTII\a na I,OII-
I C I\pJOql\a YI{parneno naceql\al\lII. ,r: mtJIa
coxpaHIfBrnell:CH aCTIf 11,4, nm:pMHa -
3,5 CM (puc: 1, 10). 13TOpOll: HaJIo6mm
60nee Y3I\Mll:, ero HMfKHRR 3aRpyrJIeHHaR
qaCTb BOJIHHCTaR, no KpaIO DpOXO MT
neBhIcoRIfIf 60pTIfI\, a no eHTpy - pe6po.
IIeTJIR OT eJIeHa OT na.'10UHlfl\a BYMR
npRMoyrOJIbHhIMIf BhIcTynaMu. ROHCI
KpJO l\a 3arHYT R neTJIC U MMCCT nlf ne-
CI\OJIbl\O aCHMMeTpMqnoii 6MI\OHIf\IeCI\Oll:
KHOIII\M. )J.JIlfHa HaJIOOHlma 12,5, nm:pM-
Ha - 4 CM (pnc. 1, 9). OT TpeThcro na-
JI06HlfKa cOXpaHHJICH TOJIbl\O ROHeL(
RpJOqKa, YRpameliHoro nOJlyc<pepl1qeCROll:
I\HOIII\Oll. RpJOqol\ S-OBIfAHOll: <pOPMhI.
B COCTaB KJIa a, I\pOMC HaJIOUHIfROB.
BXO IfJIU 6pOH30BhIll ROTCJI, meJIe3HhIe
y IfJIa If nCaJIIfIf, 6pOH30BhIll: ncpcTeHb,
6poH30BhIe BOpBapl\H M nJIaCTHHhI, <ppar-
MeHThI 6pOH30BOll: I CnOql\lf, cepe6pHHaR
ama. BoopymeHlfe IIpe CTaBJIeHO napoll:
ROnlfll: C nO TORaMIf, 6pOH30BOll: OI\OBKOll:
RpyrJIOro UJIn OBaJIbHOrO ID,HTa 6.
237
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PIfC. 1. HaJIo6BIfKB C KpIO'IKOM:
1 - CeMeHOBKa; 2 - HOBoBac"nbeBK3; 3, 4 - CHlft'HpeBHa; 5, 6 - B)'6ye'lb; 7 - Rpp'lb; IJ - 3eJIPHCH"a
HYPI'a.H; 9, 10 - BcnUHOIInocHoe; 11 - AXTaWl30BCHaJi. 12 - AHTUlIOBHa; JJ - J{JllUlleHKOB.
238
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1. 4 - BerumoWIOC1<oe; 2 - HOBOBaCIIJlbPlma; ,'J - CHHrupeBKa.
3. c. CeMeHoBRa BeJIrOpOJJ;-,I(HecTpoB-
CRoro paHOHa OJJ;eccRoH 06JIaCTll. B Ha-
ChITIll Kypraua oM! 20, paCRonaHHoro
JI. B. Cy660TIIHbIM B 1975 1'., Ha rJIy611He
1,1 MOT BepIIIIIHhI RypraHa, B 11 M K 3ana-
JJ;y 01' I eIITpa B He60JIbiliOH HMKe JIe/l\aJI
CTeI\JIRIIHbIH Ky60K, BHYTPIf KOToporo Ha-
XO)J,IlJIlfCh meJIe3HWe UaKOIleqHIfKll CTpeJI
II 6p01I30Bbte CK060QKll. D03JIe J\y6Ka py-
KOHTblO B 3eMJIlO 6wJI BOTKUYT KUHiKaJI,
C IlpOTIfBOIIOJIOiI\HOH CTOpOUbI JIemaJI
6pOIl30nr.IH HaJI06IIIIK. Ero HHiI\IIHH qaCTb
3aKpyrJICUa, BJJ;OJIb KpaH npOXOJJ;IlT He-
Bf.ICOImii 60pTIfK, nOBepXIIOCTb neTJIll
pe6pUCTaH, KpIOt{OK JJ;e<PopMlfpOBaH, RO-
nel ero YKpamen ccpepUqeCROH RHonROH.
nCpBOHat{aJIbHO RplOt{OK 6hIJI S-OBIIJJ;HOH
CPDPMbI 7. J- JIUua era )17,5, llI.llpllHa 4,3 CM
(PIfC. 1,1).
4. c. HOBOBaCIlJIbeBKa CUllrllpeBcRoro
paHona HIIROJIaeBCKOH 06JIaCTll. B RYP-
ralle oM! 9, paCRonalIHOM IIIanoIIIHIIRo-
BOH O. r. B 1975 r., B ceBepO-3anaJJ;HOH
qaCTH HaChIIIIf 06HapYiKeHhI iKeJIe3HhIe
yJJ;IlJIa, RpeCTOBIIJJ;Hwe II JJ;yroBIIJJ;HhIe nca-
JIIf.ll (pIfC. 2, 2) II 6pOH30BbIH HaJI06HIlK.
Ero IIlllKllHH qaCTh 3aRpyrJIeHa, RPlOqOR
S-OBIlJJ;lIO 1130rHYT, ROHen; ero YRpailieH
J IfJIlluJJ;pllqeCROii KHonKoH, nORpwToH Ha-
CeqRaMll. ,LI,JIIfHa HaJI06HIIKa 14, IIIllpllHa
6 CM (pHC. 1,2) 3.
5. c. CnlfrllpeBKa CHllrllpeBcRoro paH-
OHa thIKOJIaeBCJ\OH 06JIaCTll. B HacwmI
RypraHa oM! 1, paCKOIIaHHoro HIIKIITIl-
I1hfM B. II. B 1973 r., B 8,5 M K IOrO-BOCTO-
RY 01' n;eIITpa pHJJ.OM c. OCTaTKaMll KOCTpU-
nw Ha:HJJ;eHa napa 6pOH30BbfX HaJI06HIIROB.
OHII OJJ;HOTllnHbI. IIx HIIIJ\HHH t{aCTb 3a-
KpyrJIeHa, no KpaIO IIMeeTCH HeBhICOKU:H
60pTIIK, KPIOqOI\ S-BIIJJ;HO 1130rHYT, Ha
ero ROHQe ccpepllqeCKaH KHonRa. ,I(JIUHa
HaJl06HIIKa 9,6 II 7,8 CM, IIIllpllHa 4,6 II
3,3 CM (pIfC. 1, 3, 4) 9. BMeCTe C HaJI06Hll-
RaMII .1ell.;aJIII 3BeHbR 6pOH30BOH QeIIOqKll,
HHTb 6pOH30BhIX IIepCTHeH, /KeJIe3HbIH
HaIWHeQHIIK KOIIbH, iI,eJIe3HhIe HOiKll C
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lfeplteltKO E. B. CKHIjJCKIfH 1I0cnex. HIfeB,
1968, c. 50, 88--89.
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19 l(EIC cno., 1854, TaOJI. XXX, 6.
11 IUKOPIIUA B. B. (htTCT 0 paCKOTlKaX D r. I\ep-
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IJlfe n oacceiill(' CCHcpCIWro l(olJI\a.- HCHA
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a F!JUIUna H. If. CJIyqaiinaH HaXOitKa B Bopo-
lIemcKoii oOJIacTlf.- CA, 1961, oM 2, c. 246.
16 CJqmelll;o E. B. YR8:J. CO'l., c. 184.
JO Me./tIOKoea A. 11. Boopymellile cKnljJon.-
CAH, 1964, )],1-4, c. 42.
17 C.MUpItOe Ii. (/J. CenepcKlIil KypraH. M.,
1953, c. 40.
18 MeA./oKoea A. lJ. YKaa. CO'l., c. 29.
19 !vlolll/wea M. r. naMHTIIJlKH npoxopoBCROii
KYJIbTypbI.- CAH, 1963, 1-1O, Ta6JI. 14;
20 6
20 3e cm 'Il. B. l\epa HlqecKaH Tapa Eocnopa.-
MHA, 1960, .N' 83, c. 46.
%\ C.MUpHoe K. (/J. YRIJa. CO'l., c. 40.
22 Ta 1 iRe, c. 29; A.M6p06 A. K. <DHOYJILI !Ora
EBponeilcKoii '1aCTJI CCCP.- CAH, 1966,
,1\1-30, c. 30.
23 Hlle1tlZO II. B. YKaa. CO'l., c. 50.
C4 rYUlUnQ N. If. "YKa3. COtT., c. 246.
22 A.M6poo A. II. 'Ra3. CO'!., c. 31.
28 8a.MRmnUIt C. IT. Cml cKlli'I MOTItJIblTRK
«qacTbw I\ypraHbI JIOll BOpOlIeiHCM.- CA,
1946, M 8, puc. 6,1; llu6epo8 Jl. J(. naMJlT-
BIIKII cIm4JCIWrO BpeMeHII Ha CpellHeM )],OHY.-
CAH, 1\'\65, J 1-31, c. TaOJI. 23; 25.
m llu6epo(l Jl. J(. YI\a3. CO'l., pIle. 2, iJ62.
28 JlyauKoea A. If. JJ:Ba "ypraHa 113 MOrIlJIbHII-
Ka CI(lIcjJCI\OrO npOMeHn y C. PYCCKaH TpOCTHn-
Ka.- HCHA AH CCCP, 1964, N 102,
c. 33; Jiu6epo8 Jl. J(. YKa3. CO'l., TaGJI. 22,
24; 23, 5.
29 HAli, 1910, nI,In. 3S, c. 67, pUC. 4.
30 lfempl'ltKO H. r. n paBoGepl.';fn,e CpeJllIero
lIoi\lIenpOnbll n V -II Inn. 1\0 H. :J.-
CAH, 1967, )],1-4, c. 96, TaGJI. 27, ]0.
31 rpal>08 R. If. I\aMeHclwe rOpOllUJD:e na J nen-
pc.- MMA, 1954, M 36, TaGJJ. XIX, 6.
32 BI>ICOmCKQR T. fl. HeanOJIh-CTOJIIlI\a 1I0:JJ\IIHK
CI\H<!)OB. KUI.'B, 1979, c. 121, 12: , pnc. 55.,
33 .lIu6ep06 Jl. J(. YKa3. CO'l., c. 3.
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