Автор: Кикотя В.Я. Смородина Н.М.
Теги: основные права права человека права и обязанности граждан биологические науки в целом государство и право юридические науки юриспруденция право
ISBN: 978-5-238-01518-7
Год: 2009
Текст
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I 311i!e /1,(: (/J. npoIICXO>KilCHlIC CC\lbll, ''''CHIOH Co6cTBCHHOCTII II rocynapcTua. M.,
1974. C. 190-192.
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I 5a6}7J//1I C ll. TCPPHToPHSI rocYllapCTBa. npallOBblc II rconO..1HTH'ICCKIIC npo6J1C lbl.
M., 1997. C. 156-157.
2 flIla..uym JI. C. C ' II1TaeT. liTO ()>opMYJla «3J1e 1eHTbl roC}.;mpCTlxl» He OTpa)f(aeT llcifCT-
BlITCJlbllblC 3.1B1ICIIMOCllI, CYlUccmYlOlUIlC \IC>K1lY rOCYllapCTBO\1 II Oprallll'IItO peJlC-
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)/(yplla..l pocclliicKOro npalla. 2000. NQ 3. C. 89.
J 5afi}1J/lH Cll. YKa3_ CO''- C. 157.
4 &eoelllle B 3T11orpaljJl1lO. Jl., 1991. C. 8.
14
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TO'UICC, K<iK 6bl Ibl XOTCJIIi Bbll.ll!IllCTb II r.ll<i3aX l.lPyniX.
I l}:IIII;lefJ JI.H. 3morClIC3 H 6HOC()Jcpa 3C Lll1. M., 1993. C. 22.
2 l}fiw/ BJl. OCIIOllbl IIJH,lOCOlIJHII: Y'lc6. noc06Hc. 2-c H3J1. M.: <!JoPY I. C. 207.
3 flO.II/1/1I/'/ecKllH COllllOjIOIIIH I nO;\ pc;l. r.n. COIllJlla. PI>CToIIIl/D., 1997. C. 168.
4 lIapo()b/ POCCHlI: 311U11KJ10nCllHH 1/ 60.1blllml PocclliicKaH 311U1tKJ10nClUHI. 1994.
C. 29.
j flom/l/1I/'teCKaH COIllIO. OntH. C. 168.
6 Mep/llec M. HC\ICl.lKHC oonpOCbl - cBponciicKIIC OTBCTbl. M., 2001. C. 34-37.
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311pYlOWHX 06111C'IC.IIOne'lecKoc IlpellCTal3Jlelme 0 Hapollc H em IIpan3x.
HaUl1SJ onpellcmIcTc 1 KaK COUI11LlbliO-HcTopwlecKaSJ 06WliOCTb .111011ci1.
cOBoKynHonb rpa)!(}1ati OD,liOm rOCYllapnB3, X3paKTcpH3YIOUla!!cSJ 06Ul-
HOCTblO TCppHTOpl111 11 !l3b1Ka. COUl1llilbII0-3KOliOMH'ICCKOFf H nO.llI1TI1'IC-
CKOi't )!(113Ii11. TaKoc onpellC.IICliI1e npHH ITO OOH, 06bCllI1H llOlllei't HC
«3T1iOliaIUlI1», a «liaUHI1-rOCYllapcTlla.,.
<I>paHUy:JCKHH HnOpl1K penHrHIl 3pHcn PCHaH II CBOC I 1l0KJIaLlC
II 113PH)!(CKOH Cop601IHe n ] 882 r. IIbICK3:k1.ll HCCOr.ll3CHe C TCOpIUl tH,
nbIT3101I/I1MHCH onpellCJlHTb CYUIHOCTb H3UI1H BlIC rocYllapeTBcHHblX
paMoK, no CJlCilYIOII/I,IM IIpII'lHHa\l:
. KpllTepHH <.HaUH!! - 3T1UI'lecKHi,j npHliuHn,' BPllll .IIH onpaBllaH,
nocKo,lbKY occ COB]JCMCIIHbIC Imuml 003 II1KJ1I1 B pc3Y,lbTaTC CMC-
WCHml pa3.HI1'1HbIX .HHWlecKHX rpynn;
. lleQ:>HHHUH!! «HaUHSJ - !!3b1KOIJa!! 06l1/lioCTb" TaK)!(C HeYllOBJ1C-
TOOpIHCJlbHa, nocKo.%KY IIC 06"b!ICUSICT IIIIYTpclUl1010 CnJIO'ICH-
HOCTb WIICi-iU3PHH, <)JOpMHpolklHHe 3iJCTpHiicKOro 11 HeMCUKom
HaUHOH,\.J1bHOrO caMOC03Hamm IUlI'f npl1'IHHY OTllCJlCHH!! CCIICp-
HOH A\lcpl1KH OT AHr.lll1l1 H llanulcKoH AMcpHKH OT H6cpHi'f-
CKHX rocYllapcm;
. pc. l1nl!! T3K)f(C HC rOl1IHC!! B K3'ICCTBC OCHOBbI II3UHOlla%Hoi'f
CaMOI1J.leli("l.UpHKaUHH, T3K K3K Mliome COnpeMCHHbIC HaUIIH KOH-
.pcccHOHa%HO paCKOJlOTbI;
I Thc COlldse Oxford Dictionary (of Cllrrcnt English). Oxford, 1949. P. 848, 753.
fAaBa 1. COl\I1W\bHble npeAHOCbIAKH craHOBAeHHH rpWKAaHcrua
17
. rCOrpa<J:>H!I !lBJ1!1CTC!I CYII/CCTBCHHbIM <J:><lKTOpo 1 IICTOpHH, HO TCO-
pml, YTBCp)!(llalOll/aSl, 'ITO pcKII H BOllbl 06pa3YIOT '.CCTCCTBCHHbIC
rpaHHUbI>' llH!I )!(H3HCHIiOro npoCTpaHCTlk1 HaUHH, OTKpbllk1CT
llBepH npoIBBO.llY. I-1CTOpH!I }"IIH. 'ITO MCCT3 06HTaHHSI H3POllOB
nOCTOSlHHO MCHSI'1I1Cb.
PCHaH OTMC'laCT, 'ITO Ka)l(l!blft H3 .HHX JICMCHTOII - npc)l(l!c Becro
06UIHH Sl3blK 11, KOIiC4HO, KYJ1bl)'pa - IInO,lHC )'IOIyr HrpaTb BbIj(alO-
mYlocSl PO,lb B caMOIIOCnpmlTHH HauHii, HO II Ka'ICCTIIC KpllTCpHSI ca-
MOW.lCIITH<!>HK3UHH lIauml :JToro HCllOCf"dTO'IHO.
nOC;1C ::JToro PCHaH 113CT CBOC, CT.lBII/CC 3l1aMclurrbIM, onpcllc. cIIHC
HaUHH: «H3UHSJ - llywa, llYXOBllblii nplIHUHn. J],BC BCII/H COCTaBJ1S1IOT
3T}' llYWY, 3TOT llYXOBlibli-j npHHUHn. 01lH3 H3 HHX npHHaaJlC)lGlT npo-
llLl0MY. llpyraSl HaCTO!lIl/CMY. nCpBOC - 3TO COBMCCTHOC IU311CHHC 60-
raTblM H3cnellllCM BOcnoMHHatmii, BTOpoe - H3CTO!lwCC comacHc, )!(C-
.IIatmc )!(1-ITb BMCCTe.
H3U1'iS1, TaKHM 06P<l30),1 - 3TO 6oJlbw3!1 COmUl3plla!l 0611/1iOCTb,
nOllilCp)!(HlklCMa!l ullccii }')!(C COBCPWCHHbIX )!(CIJTB I-I TCX. KOTOpbIC . 101lI1
rOTOBbI npHHcCTH B 6YllYII/CM. YC.IIOBlIC),1 CC CYII/CCTBOlk1HIISI !lRl!1CTC!I
npollLl0c, HO onpellCJI!lCTC!I OH3 B HaCTO!lll/CM B KOHKpCTHOM < aKTc -
!lCI-IO npoB03fJ1aWCHHOM )!(CJlaHHH npolloJl)!(aTb COBMCCTHYIO )!(1I3Hb,'.
J],a.HCC eJlCnYCT '!aCTO UHTHpyeMOC Bblp3JKC IHC: <.6bITIIC H3WU1 -
3TO CJKCmICBHbIi'1 rrnc6HCUlIT>' I.
COBpC)'ICHHa!l TeOpCTI1KO-npaBOlkl!1 THnO.llOrH!I <J:>CliOMClm liaUl111
BKJlIO'13CT B cc6SJ C.IICllYIOWI1C 'leTblpe MOllC.IIH 2 :
. pacollo-aHTpollOJIOI H'ICCKYIO, COrJIaCliO KOTOpoii H3UI1!1 Xap3KTe-
pI13YCTC!I 06WHOCTblO 6110.ll0rH'ICCKHX npH3HaKOB, MHHMOH 111111
q>aKTI1'ICCKOM 06WHOCTbIO npOHCXO)!(llClmSI;
. 3HITI1CTCKYIO. OCliOU<IJIHYIO 1m OTO)!(1lCCniJlCIUH1 Ii3UHH C corpa)!(-
llmiCTBOM;
. 3THOKYJlbrypHYI0, 3aKJIIO'lalOwYIOCSJ B paccMOTpcHlUI HaUI1H KaK
KYJlbTYPHO-I1CTOPI1'ICCKOH 06WHOCTI1;
. 3THOCOUHaJIbHYIO. paCcMaTpHlkllOwylO H3UI11O KaK \IHOroCB!l3HOC
SJUJlCHI1C, xapaKTcpI13YIOWCCC!I Hcpa3pbIBHbIM CllJ1HCTBOM 3THO-
KYJlbrypliOro 11 roCY1l3pcmCHHoro lia'laJI.
nomrmc ImUl111 TPYllHO Y.IIO)!(I1Tb B np3BOBYIO lIC<!JI1HI1UI1IO. fopa3-
110 .IIytill/C H3UI10HaJIbli3!1 06wHOCTb BbIpa)!(aCT cc6!1 B !l3bIKC, KYJlbrype
11 oe06cHliO B .11I1TCp3rypc, nccmlx 11 MY3bIKC. HaUHOIiaJIbli3!1 06WHOCTb
03Ha'JaCT 01lH03Ha'IHOC OTO)!(llCCTu.nCHHC CoOCTBCHHbIX HHTCpeCOB C TCp-
pI1TOpl13JlbHbI\1I1 I1HTCPCC3\H1 npO)!(I1BaHI1!1 H3UHI1 11 Ii3UHOIi3JlbliOro
rOCYllapcma.
I Mepl1lec M. YK,U. cO'\. C. 37-38.
2 O;1b 17.A., PO.IIGIlIM P.A. HaUlIII (rCHC3ItC nOHSlTIISI It BOnpOCbl nlxlBOCy6bCKTHOCTl1).
Cn6., 2002.
18
Pa3AeA L COl\HaAbHall 11 pHA",leCKWI npl1poAa rpaJKAaHCTBa
B 3<1IJI1CI1MOCTI1 OT Ii.L1H'IHII C06CTIJCHIiOFi rocY,L\apcmCHliOCTI1 cy-
WCCTBYIOT Ilila nOllXOn.a K nOlil1:\latiHlO Ii3UHI1.
B nCpBOM CJl}"IaC liaul1cH liapOil MO)!(CT I1MCIiOIJ:ITbC}I .1111Wb TOma,
KOrtla H:\I 6YllCT COJtlaHO I"OCYllapcmO.
T3K, Hanpl1MCp. n.M. XOMIIKOB onpellC.IIlICT IIaUI1IO K3K OO.llbll/YIO
rpynny mOllCH, 06bCKTHIJHO HMCIOWYIO 06wHc HHTcpeCbI, Cy6OCKTHlJIiO
OC03lialOWYl0 3Ty 06wliocTb H H:\ofCIOWYIO B03MQ)!(IiOCTb pea.;l1130BbmaTb
3TH HlncpCCbI TOJlbKO H3 6aJc 06WCH KYJlbTYPHO-UHIIH1H3aUHOI-lHofl
llap311HrMbI II p3\1KaX OlUiOl"O rOCYD,3pCTBa I.
,. nOllpa3YMCu..151 P,1IlI1K.L1bHOCTb 'ICpTbI "I"OCY1l3PCTBCHHOCTb» llJIII
HaUlH1, - nHII/}'T B.B. I-1JlbHli 11 AC. AxHCJCp, - B03MO)!(liO nOlil1M3Tb
'.1i3UI1IO» KaK cOBoKynHOCTb rpa)!(JJ.3H IlCp)!(aBbI 1m 6a3C KOIiCTIHYl1pO-
IJatiliOro OTiiOWCIUm corpa)!(JJ.atiCma»2.
D.PyroH noD,XOD, COBpCMCIiHOro roCY1l3PCTBOBCIlCHHSI YCMaTpHB3CT
Cy6CTatiUl1lO rocYllapcm3 H\ofCHliO B '.liapoD,c", nOlil1MaCMOM K3K COBO-
KynHoCTb .111011CH, KOTOpblX 06"bCllHHSlCT, npe)!(JJ.c BCCro, CBSl3b C rocy-
llapcmO\1 H nOD,'1I1IiCHI1C cro 3aKOIi3M 3 . B 3TO\1 CJl}"Jac CT3TyC liaUl111
npH3H3CTCSI 3a 3THI1'ICCKHMI1 06WIiOCTIIMH, HC I1MCIOWI1\1I1 C06CTBCH-
liOi1 rocyn.apcmcHHoCTI1.
B UCJlOM npCllCTaIL1}lCTC}I, 'ITO nOli}lTI1C liaUHI1 060JHa'IaCT OOJlCC
YCTOH'II1BYIO 06WIiOCTb, HC)!(C.II11 Hapoll, npl1'ICM IiC TO.llbKO B nO.llI1TI1-
Ko-np3BOIJOM C\ofbIC.1C, liO TdK)!(C K3K COUl1<UJbHOC, 3THI1'ICCKOC 11 KY.llb-
rypliOC 06bCilHHCliHC .111011CH.
nOliSITHC liapolla KaK cy6DCKTa rOCYllapcwcliliOro 11 MC)!(JJ.YliapoIlliO-
ro np3Ba, B CBOIO O'ICpCllb, IiC C.IICllYCT OTO)!(JJ.CCTB.llIITb C nOliSlTI1CM 1i3-
CC.1CliHSI. npellcTaB.IISllOWCro c060ii cOBoKymlocTb npO)!(HBaIOWHX Ha on-
pen.C.IICliliOi1 TCppHTOpHH .III-IU H OTp3)!(alOWcro KO.llI1'ICCTBCliHbli-j MOMCHT.
HaCCJ1CIiI1C, 11 II1 cro OCHOlJlia51 'IaCTb, MO)!(CT paccMaTpHBaTbC}I K3K
Hapoll (liaUlm) IJ CJI}"IaC 1l0CTH)f(CliHlI JHa'IHTCJlbliOH, npl1'ICM YCTofl'lH-
IJOH, I1InCrpaUl111 - pe3YJlbTdTa CTaIJWcro 06bI'lIIbIM 06WCliHII . I1U, llilll
KOTOpbIX npouccc B3a11MOnOliHMatil111 IIB.llIICTCII Iic06xOllHMbIM 11 npl1-
BbI'lIibIM Mil COBMCCTHOFi Opratll13aUHI1 6bIT3 H TPYllOBOi1 llCSlTC.IIbliO-
Cn-I. ECJII1 }"I3CTHI1KH 06WCliHSI rOBopSlT 1m OllHOM !l3bIKC, npl1HaIlJIC)!(aT
K ollliOFi 3T1iH'ICCK0i1 rpynnc, TO npouccc B3aH\-IOnOliHMaIiI1S1 npoXOlll'iT
.IICf'IC. .ll.nI1TC.IIbHOC COBMCCTliOC npO)!(I1IJaliHC H OC06CliliO COTPYllHI1'IC-
CTIJO cnocoOCmylOT 06paJOIJalil11O Ilap01l3. 06WliOCTb, OCliOB<Uiliasl lia
IlpI1H3lL1C)!(IiOCTH K OllHOMY 3THOCY. OCOOCIiIIO Toma. Kom3 01-1 HMCCT
I Xm'HKo6 17.M. 'Ic IOIlCK, roCYJlapC'TllO. I\HIII1.1H3<IIIH>I H IlatUI>I. M.. 1998. C. 128.
2 I1tbll" B.B.. Ame3ep A.C. PoccHiicK,rn rocymlpcTIICllIlOCTb: IICTOKH. Tp'lliIIUlHl. ncp-
CIICKTllllbl. M., 1997. C. 84.
J Ma...ym flC. focYlIapcTBO KaK ny6J11t'JHOlJJlacHlbl t 06pa30\1 opmllll30B'lHllbliJ Ha-
pOll. C. 91.
fAaBa 1. COl\I1W\bHble npeAHOCbIAKI1 craHOBAeHI1H rpWKAaHcrua
19
061.1U1H 113bIK. KY.%I)'PY. 06LllYIO I1CTOpI1l0. pcJIHHnO, '!aLllC BCCro 6blCTJJCC
11 TeCHCe CnJl3'II1BdCTCII B TO CIlI1HCTBO, KOTOpOC npl1CYLllC IlapOllY KaK
cy6"bCKTY 1C)!(llYll3pOilliOro npaB3. 3TO 3<lKOIiOMCpliO. TIlK KaK B H3U110-
H3JIbHOH 06LllHOCTlI .11O.ll!IM Jler'le KOIiTaKTHpOlk1Tb IlPyr C IlPyroM H TeM
Ca lbIM 060rmUaTb 06LllCCTBO. O6LllHOCTH. OCHOIJ3HHble Ha 3T1iH'leCKOii
6.11H30CTH I1HIlHIJI11l01l. KaK npalll1Jl0, 6bIBalOT lial160.llCC YCTOj:j'lHllblr-m I.
npHlJCpJKeHHOCTb ]]Ima K clloci1 Ii3UHOII3JIbHOi't 06LllIiOCTH nOpO)!(-
IlaCT T3KOH nOmHI1'leCKIIH C!JCliOMeH, KaK liaUlI0H3JIH3M.
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. o6OIJOlIlI/1/eJlbllblii (110mpllOmll'leCKwi) , IJblcrynalOLllHii KaK cllooo6-
pa3Hall npCrp3Lla BliClliHCi1 3rpeCCHI1 11 IIB.llIlIOLllHi.iclI CpeIlCTBO\1
IIbl)!(HllaHIISI rOCYIl3pCTB. OH 06CCne'lI1l1aCT He06xOIlHMYlO lJIiyT-
pCHHlO1O CnJlO'leliHOCTb roCYllapcTB, nOIlllepmlOLllI1XCII 1I0CHIiOH,
3KOHO!\III'ICCKOi:1 IUI1 Ill1nJ10M3TH'ICCKOi't arpcccl1l1.
O'leIlHilHO. '1TO H3UI10113JIbHbli1 n3Tpl10TI13M KaK .1110601lb K Cllocii
POllllliC HC MO)!(CT CO'ICTIlTbCII C npcHc6pc)!(l1TC.llbHbl 1 OTHOlliCliI1CM K IlPY-
rH!\! CTp3liaM, llPYHIM H3pOlla!\!, a IlO.ll)!(eH npCllCTIlB.llIITb c060i1 '.30JlO-
rylO" CCpCIlI1HY !\!C)f(JlY IlIIYMII KpaHHOCTIIMI1: liaU110H<lHbliOH KI1'UJI1IJO-
CTblO H npmiHJKCHHOCTblO. Jm'ICKlm3liHe 1 ncpell IICC 1 HHOCTp3lillb1M.
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K !lOCTH)!(CHHSIM IlPYI HX H<iPOIlOIJ 2 .
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II XV II. 130 <I>p3HUHH. <I>p3l1UY3bI H aHrJIl1'13HC npl1li31I.llC)!('1.1111 TOfIla
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Me)!(llY HHMH 6bl.:la IlHIIaCTH'ICCKOi'i. MC)I(lly B3JIY3 II n.llaHTareHCTI1 IH 3<1
npcCTO]] <I>pmlIlIHL Ho nOCTomlHblC IICTPC'1H C 'IY)!(IIM IlapoJUlbIM xa-
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II<iHhHOro naTp110TH3Mll: 61>111> He33I1HCI1 lbl IH OT 'IY)!(C3CMIIeB Ha CBOCi1
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Ha PyCH, B03MOJKII0, 110 ooi.iHbl C no. m<aMII Ha'l3JIa XVII II., a KOC-
r.ne H.nO 1812 r. 6oJlbWHHCTBO KpcCTMIH (XpIlCTbSlH) TaK II C'IIHaJ1l.1 cc-
611 xpHcTHaHa m, a HHK3KI1 m HC PYCCKHMH. Tpc60na.lI1Cb onpcIlC.IICH-
I 17p06.1e1ll/ CYBCpel-ll1TCTil II PoccHitcKOIt <DCJlCpmUH1 / nO!l PClt. I).C. KpMjlOna.
l1.n. 111blllfcKoro. I-I.A. MIIX,l1CBoii. M.. 1994. C. 31-32.
2 KalJepllll E.H., 11e"lIcJolJ N.B. Op<rropCKOC IICKYCCTIIO. M., 2004. C. 221.
J Ka.I/O'>K:"""; 11.. E"P..'IIL1OIla E l1cJlo II C.l0BO: 6YDj'lUee POCCIIII C TO'IKII 3pellllSl TCO-
pHlI300moUlIII. M., 2003. C. 106-107.
20
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I Kn.1I0JICllbili 11.., EP_I/I/;IO(J(J E. YKa3. CO'I. C. 106-107.
2 nYII.JJC/JJ1 CM. np06JIC\1a 31l1UIThl MCBhlllIUlCTil I! IC)I(JIYBapOHHml npaBC II rocy-
J(apCTllO II IIpaliO. 1992. NQ 8. C. 126-129.
3 XlHWOP T. rocy,mpcTllo. BaUlUll1 !llloiiBOC rpa)lmaBCTBO II POCClliiCKHi1 61OJl1CTCilb
110 IIpalla f 'IC 10IlCK.L 81.111. 3. M.. 1994. C. 63.
4 Au.nepl/I/JJ1/I 11.M. npaBOBOC pCf)',ll1pOll<IHIIC rpaJl(l\.mCTII<l B cBponciicKllX roc} ap-
cmax (cpamlllTClbllhlli allaJJlI3). D.IICC.... Kalla. 10plUl. llaYK. KIICB, 1998. C. 65.
fAaBa 1. COI.\HW\bHble npeAHOCbIAKl1 craHOBAeHliH rpWKAaHcrua
21
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I AllhepJ//1II1II fl.M. YK.n CO'I. C. 72.
2 HaberJ//a.. J. Faklizihll und GClling. Bcilragc dcs RcchlS und dcs dcmokratichcn
Rccluss(,lat. Frankfun a. M.: Suhrkamp, 1992. S. 632-660.
3 AllhepJ//1/1/I1 fl.M. YKa3. CO'\. C. 73.
22
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KOB. 2002. C. 93-94.
2 np{l(f(/ 'IC 100ICKa / nOli PCl!. E.A. JlYKatllCIiOil. M., 2000. C. 108.
J Mbl. lIapotJ. r pa)lmaHml It KOIlcnrryUltsl. ncp. C <IIir.l. PYCCK3H BCpClII1 BOCKPCCCli-
CKoii H., nmO>KCBlla n. M., 1997. C. 173.
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I MlJKOe,ill 3..1. 030pcmo. \1., 1995. C. 74.
24
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M..1999.
2 li/bl/II M.A. C06palUlc CO'IlIIICIIIIH BlOT. T. I. M., 1993. C. 200-201.
26
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CnCKTIIBbl. M., 1997. C. 168.
28
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CM.: lhlpKlUl B.E. KOHCTIITYLlHmUlOC npallo 3apy6e>KllblX roq",apCTli. M., 1997. C. 55.
30
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I KOIIC1Il1lI1lY'(lIR A3Cp6ailil>K3.IfCKOii Pccny6mlKII OT 12 1/0I16pSI 1995 r. II KOIICTIIT}'-
l.l1U1 roc}napCTII - Y'lacnlllKOIi CHL M., 1999. C. 12.
2 YceHKO E T np06!ICMbl 3KCTCppIITOpH'LlbHOro aciiCTlIlISI HalillOmlJlbHoro 3dKOHa /1
MOCKOIICKlli'I >Kypll3.H MC>Kl!)'lIapoalloro npalla. 1996. N;> 5. C. 15.
fAana 1. COI.\I1W\bHble npeAHOCbIAKH craHOBAeHHH rpWKAaHcrua
31
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32
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npocbl MOpCKOro CY.iJ.OXOllCTI111 (H3npH\ICp. B CT. 19 KOHllCHlIHH 0 Tep-
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CT. 221) II KOIICYJlhCKOIO .lOroBopa \IC>K.\y CCCP II KHP (TaM >KC. 1987. N2 17.
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fAaBa 1. COI.\I1W\bHble npeAHOCblAKH craHOBAeHHH rpWKAaHcrua
33
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4 E1;lIl11eK r. 06IUCC Y'IC1HlC 0 rOCYllapcrBC. Cn6., 1908. c. 131.
34
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2 '1IIpK/1ll B.E rOC},mpCTnOllCiICIIIIC. M., 1999. C. 49.
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2001. C. 34.
2 O:JK:e206 CU. CJlOBapb PYCCKoro !l3bIKa. M.. 1985. C. 196.
3 flo.lIInr/l'leCKlIR COlUtOJIOrHH. C. 43--44.
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2 YiIl'leJ/KO cn. nO.lIIT1I'ICCKHC Y'ICIIIISI DpcllllCro Pmla. C. 3 L
3 'lepIIIW)(JCKllli 3.M. Bcc06UIaH IICTOpliH roCYlIapCTlI<ll1 IIpalia. M., 1996. C. 65.
4 &HKOIIO C B. llpCIIHcrpC'lccKlliJ nOJIIlc: IL1CII, pC,LlbBOCTb (V-IV 111\. no H. 3.).
AllTOpc.p... lIa COlICK. }"I. CTCnCIIII... K.lO.H. Cn6., 1998. c. 18.
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2 JOpl/cJl/'leCKlIJI 3I1lillKJ10IlC.!lHSI I nOil PCJJ.. M.JO. TllxO\lHpona. M., 1998. C. 75.
40
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2 J10.)I('t!e(J J1.B. PII ICKOC 'IaCTHOC np:lIIo. M.. 1997. C. 228-229.
3 [JOKPO(/CKllli H.A. HCTOpHH PIl\ICKOrO npana. Cn6., 199K c. 34-35.
42
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(jus provocationis);
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43
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113 3aXIk1'1eHllbIX npommUHH. BCKOpe B PH:>1CKOM Ce IaTe YBHlI5lT raJJJ1b-
CKHX H rpe'lccKHX cCHaTopoB. l-1:>mcp3TOp3\1H 6Yllyl cnmOBHTbCII Bbl-
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CTC}I BCC 6o.llCC H 6o.llCC II/HpoKO. HOBblC rpa)!(lJaHC ro.llOCYIOT. CrpCMIIT-
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B TO )!(C BpeM}1 C.IICllYCT OT:>ICTHTb, 'ITO Wl1poKOC pacnpocrpaHcHHc
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I1MncpaTOp BecnacHaH (I B.) YMCHbW3.11 'IHC.IIO I1TlUJbllHCKHX CO.IIlllfl" B J1C-
ntmlaX, TaK KaK OHH Bcp6oBa.:1HCb H3 HellOBO.llbHoi1 11 B036Y)f(1lCIUI0i1
CpellbI )!(HTC.IICM JIT3.IIbllHCKHX ropOllOB. OH )!(C nOKpOBHTC.IIbCTBomUJ
C3!\10MY WHpoKOMY npellOCTalL'ICHHIO pHMCKOro rp3)!(lJ3HCTBa )!(JITCmI\I
roPOllOB 3<1n311HbIX npoBI1HuHi1 4 .
I AHJlepc 3. I1noplUl cBponciicKoro npaBa. M., 1995. C. 65.
2 flo(kubllblli P. KtlK j lpo)l(}.{alOTCH, JKHH) H He Y lHpaKn lIapO!lbl / / 3W1HHC - C111a.
1973. N 4. C. 28-29.
3 MilKe 10 nbCp. J1pcBIIIIII PII I. M., 1999. C. 7.
4 ROS1(Jl'tzeff M. Thc Social and Economic Hislory of thc Roman Empire. Oxford.
P. 311, 315.
44
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45
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C. 232-233.
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2 CY PC(/JCP. 1917. NQ 3. CT. 31.
3 Me:J/(:rJYlIlIporJlloe npalJO I nOli pe.ll. f.l-1. TYIIKlIlm. M., 1982. C. 329.
48
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1IH/I II npaBo. 2002. N2 9. C. 10.
52
Pa3AeA L COI.\lIaAbHaH 11 pHA",leCKiIH npl1poAa rpaJKAaHCTBa
.1111TbCH, C 06"bHCHCliI1CM. 'IC 1 01'1 3<lIi11 IaCTCH B CI3OC\1 OTC'ICCTBC H K3-
Koro pon.3 3a1iHlHC npe11nO.ll3r3CT HJ6p3Tb B POCCHH. nOJlY'IHBWH(1 T3-
KOC JJ.HIJ.IICliI1C ry6cPH,ITOP BburamLl CBl'IllCTCJlbCTBO, co ):\IiH 1l011IlHCaHHH
KOTOpOro JaSIBHTC.IIb IIpllJliaBaJlCSI "BOllBOpCIiHbl 1 B POCCHlI'>, OllliaKO
110 IlpHimTHH cro B PYCCKOC n01l1UIIICTBO OIi C'II1T3J1CH IHlOCTpaliUCM
H 1l0lUlC)!(3.11 LlC(ICTBI'IIO JaKOHOB 06 IUIOl.'Tp,muax.
noc.IIc nHTl1JICTlicro npO)!(HBaliHH B POCCHH HlIOCTP,IIICU Mor npo-
CI1Tb 0 np111iHT1111 cro B PYCCKOC 1l0llll3liCToo. LL1H I1IiOClpaimcB.
I1MCIOWI1X OC06blC 3aC.IIYrH ncpen. Poccl1cH 1' 11 113BCCTlibiX CI3OI1MI1 ,L\OC-
Tl-1)!(CIiHH\1H B ImYKC, 3 TaK)!(C pa3 ICCTI1BWI1X CooH K31ll1TaHbi B 06wc-
1l0JlC3HbiX PYCCKI1X IlpCLlllpH5IT1IS1X. CpOK Ilpe.llB<lpIITC,lbHOro npO)!(I1B3-
IiI1H Mor 6bITb COKp3WCIi C pa3pCWCHI1H MHHI1CTp3 BH)'TpCHIiI1X llC.II 1 .
npHHHTHC B nOllll3liCTBO OCYWCCTIJ.II$WOCb llyTCM npl1liCCCHI1H npH-
CHrH B YCTaIiOIJ.llCIiHOM tPOp 1C. npl1CHr3 IlpI1HOCI1JI<ICb I1IiOCTpaliUCM 1m
OTC'ICCTBCIiIiOM I-1JlH 1m n.PyroM 113neCTliO 1 C 1Y H3blKC B npl1C}'TCTBHI1
ry6cpHcKoro Ilpan!1cm'lSl Ilcpe.Il llYXOI!Hbl 1 .111'IUOM roro BCp0I1CIl0L!CLl3-
IiI1H, K KOTOpoMY npI11i3ll.llC)!(a.n npHBOlll1\1bl(1 K npHCHrc. 06 I1CnO,lIiCHHI1
06PH113 IlpHCllrH COCTaIL1$I,lC$1 npOTOKOJl, KOTOpbl(l, K3K 11 npI1CII)!(I-lbli1
.IIHCT, nOllnHCblB.'UJCH C3MH\1 npHCHrliYBWHM .IIHUOM H BCC 1H IlpHCyTCT-
BOB.1BWHMH npH 3TOM. 33TCM 063 1l0KYMcHTa H31lp31J.11flJ1HCb ry6CPH3TO-
PY. KOTOpbll1 L!bIll3B3.il IlpI1C$lrlIYL!WCMY CL!l'IllCTCJlbCTL!O 0 IlpHilSlTlUI cro
B PYCCKOC 1l0llllaliCTBO.
.llo Ha'I3J13 XIX B. npl-1 npHIi$ITHI1 B nOllll<IIIl.'T13O .IIHUO IlpHiIOCHJlO
npHcHry C KJlHTBO(1 C.IIC11YlOwcro COllCP)!(aliHH: "... 6bITb roCY1l3PlO BCp-
HbIM, n.06Pb1M I-I nOCJlYlI/liblM pa60 1 I-I nOllllalilibl I"l. n0311IiCC: "... 00e-
WalO H KJImiYCb BCC!\IOryWCMY Eory. 'ITO II BccnpCCBSITCMWC!\IY .llcp-
)!(3BHCHwCMY, BC.IIHKO!\lY focyn.aplo 1-1!\IIlCp3TOPY HHKO.llalO AJICKC3Ii-
,L\pOBH'IY... 6YLlY BCplibl 1, 1l06pbn1, nOC.IIYWHblM 11 BC'lIiO nOllllal-llibl 1
C MOCIO t\Ja\n HCIO H IiHKYlla 6CJ BblCO'taHlI/cro cro H!\IIlC(X1TOpcKOro
BCJll-I'lCCTBa COI-l3BOJlCHHII I-I YKa33 3a rpaliHUY HC 0TbC3)!(aTb I-I B 'IY)!(C-
CTpaliYIO C.IIy)!(6y HC ucryn3Tb; ... CI1JIC I-I lJ.IIal.'TI-1 IlPI-ll-lallJlC)!(aWI-IC IlpaB<!
H IlpCHMYWCCTlk'1, Y3aKoliclilibIH I-I Bllpellb Y33KOIiHCMblH, no Kpai1IiC\1Y
p3JYMCIiI'll0, CI-11lC I-I L!03MO)!(IIOCTH IlpeLlOCTCperaTb H 060polmTb, H L! TOM
BO UCCM )!(HBOTa CBOCro B nOTpc6HOM C.IIY'IaC HC WMHTb...,).
Hc n.onycK3J1I-ICb K npHliHTHIO B nO.1LilllIiCTBO 3aMY)!(IiHC )!(CIiUIiHibl
OTllC,lbIiO OT M)l)!(cH. CBpeH. llCpBHWH. MHHHCTp Bli)'TpCHIiHX llCJl Mor
OTK33blmITb B IlPHIiIlTHI-1 B 1l01l1laliCTBO 113)!(C B TOM CJlY'taC, CC.III-I HliO-
CTp311CU YllOIJ.IIC1l30pll.ll UCC 1 -rpe60B<1I-IHIIM JaKOI-Ia.
I Ceo,) 3.IKOIIOII PocclII1cKOi1'UIIlCPI1lI. 1876. T. IX.
2 T.II J Ji'illllep A. rpa>K1lallCTIlO II 311U11KJ10nClUlSI rOCY;l3pCTlkl H npana: 13 3-x T. I nOli
pCJ.l. n. Cf)"IKII. M., 1925. T. I. C. 726.
J 3all/atll t:M. Tm-! IX Cno!la 3aKOHOI!. 3aKoHbi 0 BCT}'Il..1CHlIII IUlOCTpmlUCB B rJO!l-
.1\aIlCTBO POCC11I1. RlallHKa1!Ka3, 1915. C. 18-19.
fAaBa 3. Pa3BHTHe O're'leCTBeHHoro 3aKOHOAa'reAbCTBa 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe 53
Ha'Ia.HO XX CTOJ1CTHH B POCCI1H 03Iia\leHOB3.IIOCb IlpoueCCOM Ilepe-
XO,L\3 OT 36CO.lllOTIiOH MOlmpXHH K MOlmpXHH KOIiCTHl)'UI'IOIIlIO(I, C03.lla-
IiHIO nap.llaMCHTCKHX }"lpe)!(.llCHHH, npOB03r.llaWeliHI0 \1IiOn1X OCIiOBHblX
Ilp3B 11 CIIo60.11 rp3)!(.ll3H. B MaliH.peCTe OT 17 OKTH6pH 1905 r. ,.06 yco-
nepl.lleliCmOBaliHH rocY.llapcmelilioro 1l0p UJ.Ka,,2 I-1MllcpaTopoM 6bUJ.H
.113poBalibl Ii3Ce.lleHHIO '.lie3bI6.11eMble OCIiOBbl rpa)!(.llalicKo(1 CB060.llbI 1i3
H3'I3.II3X .lleHCTlJlne.llbHoH HellpHKoclioBeHIiOCTI1 J1H'nIOCTlI,).
B CT. 2 npocKTa OClioBlioro JaKOlm POCCH(fCKOH IIMIlCpHH 1905 r.
CO.llep)!(3.II0Cb OllpCl1e,lCIiI'IC rpa)!(ll3HCTBa. a IiC nOll.1laliCTua. a TaK)!(e
,L\Ulia CCblJ1Ka lfa JaKOlibI, Ollpel1C.IIHIOWI1C nopHllOK Ilpl106pCTCHHH TaKO-
1I0ro. TCpMHHO.llOrH'ICCKI1 6blJ1H HCnO.llb30rnUibI 1l0liHTI1H "PYCCKHe rpa-
)!(.ll3He", "J1HUO,). fmma III 6bL13 1l0CD5IWCIi3 IJOnpOC3M npCllOCTalJ.llCIiHH
IlpaB rpa)!(.llali3M roCY1l3pcma, B CT. 6 :k1KperUJH 10Cb paBeliCTBO rpa)!(.ll31i
Ilepell 3aKOHOM.
BpeMCliliOC IIpaUHTCJlbCTUO IiC O"IMCIiI1JIO COOIOUHOro llCJleliHSI 06wc-
CTlk1, XOTH npaKTH'ICCKH OHO nOTCpH.IIO CMbIC.II. OO.llliOCTblO !\!liOro'IHC-
.IICliliblC IlCPC)!(HTKI'1 <pC01l3.ll113 1a 6bUJ.11 YCTpaliclibl mlWb HOUO(I 1J.113-
CTblO.
3.2. COBeTCKoe 3aKOHOAaTeAbCTBO 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe
nCpUbI 1 O(I>HLlIm.lbHbl 1 1l0Ky!\!eIlTOM, U KOTOpo!\! nOIUJ.amlbIC 6bll!-
IlIeH PocCHHcKOH w\mepl'll1 l'IMeIiOB3.II1'ICb rpa)!(ll3Ii3MH, 6bUJ.0 06pawe-
HI'le BOCIiIiO-peBO.lllOUHOlilioro KO\1HTem IlpU neTpOrp<1llCKOM COBCTe
p360'IHX H CO.llllUTCKI1X llell}'T3TOB ,.K rpa)!(.llmfa 1 POCC, IUI" 06liapOllO-
ualilioe 7 IiOH6pH 1917 r.
COBeTCKO(f BJIaCTblO y)!(e 25 (10) Iiml6p 1 1917 r. 6b1J1 H311ali lleKpCT,
ymCp)!(.llCliliblH BCCPOCCHHcKHM uellTp3.llbliblM I1CnO.llliHTe.llbllbIM KO!\!H-
TeTO!\! ,.06 YIiH'ITO)!(eIiHI'1 COC.IIOBHH H rpa)!(.llaliCKHX '1HIiOB"I, KOTOpbIM
ynpa311IiSIJIHCb uce CYWCCTBOBaUII/I'le U POCCHH COOIOBI1H H COC.IIOBHbIC
,L\CJ1eIH'IH rp3)!(.ll3H, COC.llOBllblC Ilpl'IBl1.IIerHH 11 OrpaliH'IeIiHH, COC.IIOBllble
opraHH3aulUi 1'1 Y'lpe)!(.lleIi HSI. a palIHO Bce rpIDK.LI.aHCKI'le 'IHlibl. 0111i0-
npC 1eHIIO YIiH'1T0)!(3.III1Cb UCHKHC 3IJallHH (llIJOpmll1lia, KYllua, KpeCTbH-
Ii HI fa), THl)'.IIbl (KIIH)!(eCKl1e, rp3<PcKHc), 11 11311!\!eIiOBaliHH rpa)!(.llaliCKHX
'1HiiOB (TaHlible. CBeTCKHC H Hlible COBeTliHKH) H YCTallaR;lHlk1J1OCb 011liO
06wcc lJ.,lH IJcero ImCe.lleliHSI POCCHI1 HaHMCIiOUaime - rIX1)l(.1Ullie Poc-
CHHcKOH peclly6;1I1KI1.
nCpUbI 1 npallOUbI 1 aKTOM. HcnocpellcmCllliO pcrY.IIHPYIOWI1!\! 130-
IlpOCbI rpa)!(.llallCTUa POCCI1HCKOH pCCIly6J1HKH, CT3.11 llCKpeT BUI-1K OT
I 3npe.,l I 1918 r. ,.0 IlpU06peTCIIHH npau pOCCH(ICKOro rp3)!(llaHCm3,).
I CY PC(/JCP. 1917. NQ 3. CT. 31.
2 CY PC(/JCP. 1918. N2 31. CT. 405.
54
Pa3AeA L COI.\lIaAbHaH 11 pHA",leCKiIH npl1poAa rpaJKAaHCTBa
B XOLlC 06cY)!(llCHI'IH npOCKT<I mUlHoro llCKpCT3 1i3 3aCCllaHl1l1 BUI-1K
I <lllpc.m 1919 r. IlpCWIanUIOCb Ll3)!(C .k'lKpeIlHTb U D.CKpe-re pCBO.llIOUHOIi-
IiblH IlpHHUl1Il. comaCHO KOropoMY «BCHKH(I npH3IiaIJ3UII/H(1 PocCHi1cKYIO
COUH3.IIHCTH'ICCKYIO PCCIly6JUlKY. Te 1 C<lMbIM CT3IiOmflUI pOCCH(ICKI-I\1
rpa)!(llaliHliO\1'), OLlHaKO. nOCKOJIbKY 6C3 LlOK)'MCHTIUJbHOro cxPoP\1.IICIiHH
rp3)!(ll<IIICTU3 0111i0ro IlpH311a1ll'IH 6bIJ.lO HCllOCTdTO'IHO. 3TO npeWIo)!(CIUIC
HC liallUlO 1l0ll.1lCP)!(KH.
fp3)!(lla11HIiOM POCClU1 !\lor CT3Tb KmKLlbl(1 HHOCTpaiICU. IlPO)!(H-
l!aloulHH lia TCppHTOpHH PC<J>CP. D.ml 3Toro Oli 1l0.ll)!(CH 6bIn n01l3Tb
JaSIIJ.JlCHHC U \ICCTHbIH COIJCT pa60'Ulx. COJIl13TCKHX. KpeCTbHHCKHX II Ka-
.k'l'lbHX Llcn}'TaTOI! C YKa3a1iHCM polla CUOl-IX JaIi ITHi1 H co06wcmlCM
CIJCllCHHH 0 TOM, HC 1l011I!Cpr3.llCH .IIH Oli cYLlc6lim1Y npeC.IICLlOBaHHIO no
06mmCliHIO U 06wcyrO.JlOBlim1 npCCT)'IlJICIiHH. 3 ecAI'1 1l011BcpraJICSI. TO
33 K3KHC ,L\CmH1H. B HCKJIIO'IHTC.IIblibIX C.II}"JaHX ,L\0IlYCK3.IIOCb npHHHTHC
B 'IHC,lO pOCCHHcKI1X rp3)!(JJ.all HIiOCTPaliUCB. npC6bllJalOWHX 33 npCLlC-
.113MH PC<J>CP. 3asIIJ.IICIH1C TaKHX HII0CTp3liUCn 1l0113mUJOCb HMH HCIlO-
CpeLlCTIJCIiHO tL1H 'ICpe3 6.1H)!(aHwcro llHIl.IIOMaTH'ICCKoro npCLlCTaBlnc-
.IIH PC<J>CP 3a rp3lil1UC(1 lfa 11 1H npCLlCCLl3Te.ll 1 BUI-1K ConCTOn. ConCT
pa60'lHx. CO.llllaTCKHX. KpCCTbHHCKHX H Ka33'lbHX Llcn}'TaTOB co06w3.11
o npHIiHTblX H I U pocCHHcKOC rpmKllaliCTUO HIiOCTlxlIlUax U H3POllHblH
Km1HccapH3T no BliYTpCHHHM llC.Jla 1. KOTOpbIi1 pcrHCTpHpOB3.II. lly6.1111-
KOB,UJ HX CIlHCKH UO ucc06wcc CUCllCliHC H 'ICpC3 HapOlllibIH KOMHcca-
pH3T 110 HliocrpaliliblM llC.Jla 1 HJBCW<liI rOCYllapcma. rpa)!(llaliaMH KO-
TOpbIX OIiH COCTml.llH.
nmlHMO llCKpCT3 BUI-1K OT I allpCJl!1 1918 r. «0 IlpH06pCTCIHIH
npau poccHi1cKOro rpmKLlaHCTua" BonpOCbl rpmKllaHCTIJa pCry.llHpoIk'lJlH
TaK)!(C Ilplm lTbIC LlCKpCTbI CHK PC<DCP:
. OT 22 aurycTa 1921 r. «0 IlpHHHTHH HliocrpaHUCB U poccHHcKOC
rpa)!(llalICTBo»2 :
. 01 280KTIl6pH 1921 r. ,.O.llHIUCIi1U1 npal! rpa)!(llaliCTna IiCKOTO-
pbIX KaTcropH(1 J1HU. H3XOIDIWHXC 1 3a rpalH1ucH,,3.
PCr.llaMCHTHPYH 1l0P 1ll0K IlpHC Ja n COIJCTCKOe rpa)!(llaliCTBO. lleKpeT
BUI-1K OT 1 3IlpCJ1H 1918 r. H LleKpCT CHK PC<J>CP OT 22 aBrycTa
1921 r. YCT3IiaB..JlHB3.IIH 06wce Ilpaml.llO. comaclio KOTOPOMY BCHKHi1
HIiOCTpaileu, IlpO)!(Hn3IOWHH 1i3 TeppHTopHH PC<J>CP, npHliI1M3.IICH
B COUCTCKOC rp3)!(JJ.aliCTIJO MCCTlibIMH COUCT3MH 110 Mecry cuocro )!(H-
TelbCTna. 31"0 6bmo CBH3,UIO C TeM. 'ITO noc.IIe penO.lllOUHH B cTP3He
OKa33.110Cb 1,5 1.IIH )!(HTC.IIcH nO.llbCKI'IX 3C\IC.IIb H OKO.110 2,5 1.II1i )!(HTC-
.IIeH llPYrux CTpali - nOeliliOll.llelilibIe H3 HeMeuKoH, 3nCTPO-IJCIi-
I npOI1l(}K(Hbl3<ICCI.laIUlii BUI1K 4-1"0 COJhll\3. M., 1920. C. 62.
2 CY PC(/JCP. 1921. NQ 62. CT. 437.
3 CY PC(/JCP. 1921. NQ 72. CT. 578.
fAaBa 3. Pa3BHTHe O're'leCTBeHHoro 3aKOHOAa'reAbCTBa 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe 55
rcpcKoit l)'PcUKoH H 6oJlrapcKoH apMI'lit pCUOJlIOUHOlicpbl-:mHrpaHTbl.
6e)!(CIiUbl H T.ll. OHH 6bLIH IicnocpellCTBClilibl 1H CBHD.CTe.IISI 1H H OT'JaCTH
ytIaCTHHK3\1H pe130JllOW1H I. JlHlI/b 13 OTllC.IIbliblX HCKJlIO'II1TC.IIblibIX c.IIytm-
}IX, KOr.Lla X01l3T3HCruYIOWHH 0 nplHiSITHH 13 COI3CTCKOC 1 pa)!(il3liCTl30
HIiOcrpailCU npO)!(H UJ 33 rpaliHucH, 130npoc 0 npHIiHTHH cro B rpa)!(-
,L\aliCTl30 pewaaCH l!bICWI'IM OprallO 1 I-OCY1l3)X.'TI3CHIIOH BHaCTII - BUI-1K.
I-1TOrH npc06pa30BaliH(1 ncpBoro nCpl'101l3 HCropHH COBCTCKOro
rOCY1l3pCT13a 6bl.lll'I JaKpCn.llCllbl 13 KOIICTHTyUHH PCIDCP. npIUIHTO(1
V BCCPOCCHHcKHM CDe3110M COBeTOB 10 HIO.IIH 1918 1'.2 B CT. 10 KOH-
CTHTyUHH 6blJIO 3aKpen,lCHO. 'ITO PocCHHcK,UI pecny6.11HKa - CI306011-
HOC COUH3JlI'ICTHLICCKOC 06WCCTBO I3CCX TPYIDIWHXCH POCCHH. BCH ImaCTb
B npellCJlaX PoccHHcKOH <I>ellCp3THBHOH COBeTCKoH Pccny6_1HKH npHHazI-
JIC)!(HT BCC IY pa60'ICMY HaCC.IICIiHIO CTPalibl, 06l>CllHHClilimIY B ropoll-
CKI1X H CC.%CKI'IX COBCTaX. KOIiCTI1TyUHH ,L\OnycKana JUlWCIIHC 3KCIl.IIY3-
TaTopoB .III06blx npaB, CCJ]H 3TH np3 1 HCnO.llb3YIOTCH B ywcp6 TPYIDIllU'IXOI
(nOCJlCllIICC npHBcno K nOORaCHHIO B PYCCKOM H3bIKC C.IIOIkl <'JIl1WC-
IiCU"), CT3TbH 21 KOIiCTHTyUHH npCllYC!\UlTpHB3..1a npCllOCTIlB.IICHHC
y6C)!(Hwa IHiOCTp3lm3\1, npCC.IICllyCMblM 3<1 nomHH'ICCKHC H PC.IIl1rH03-
IibIC npCCTyIl.llCHI1H.
npal30 MCCTliblX COI3CroB OCYWCCTlJ.JUITb npHCM 13 pOCCl1ikKOC rpa-
)!(il3HCTBO HHOCTpaHUCB. npo)!(ImmOWHX Ha TCppHTOpHH PCIDCP. npl1-
H,UUJC)!(aWI1X K pa60'lcMY KJIaccy H K IiC nOJlb3YIOWCMYC}1 LIY)!(HM TPY-
110M KpCCTbHliCTBY. OCiiOBbllJful0Cb lia CT. 20 KOHCTHTyUHH PCIDCP
19181'.3
Ollli3KO llCKpCT CHK OT 22 313ryCTa 1921 I'. H3MCHI1JI .nOT nopHllOK.
npHH}IHIC B COBCTCKOC rpmKilllliCTBO HHOCTPalmCB, HC npl1lifu1.HC)!(aWHX
K TPYIDIWHMCH KJl3CCa 1. CTIUlO npOH311011HTbCH HCKJIIOLII1TC.IIbliO l'ICnOJl-
KO 1a 1H ry6CpHCKHX COI3CTOI3.
D.CKpeT3MII UI-1K OT 280KTH6pH 192] I'. H BUI-1K H CHK OT
1511cKa6psl 1921 I'. 6bUlH JIHWClibl COBCTCKoro rpa)!(il3liCma: 6bll3WHC
nOllllaliHblC Poccl1ncKoH HMncpHH, KOTOpblC, npo)!(I1Ik1H 33 rpallI1ucH.
.IIH60 BOBCC IiC nOJlytl3.llH OT COBeTCKHX npcllcTaBHTcncH 3arpaliHLllibiX
n3CnOpT013 1'1 HlibiX 1l0KYMCIiT0I3. nOllTBCp)!(il3IOWHX I'IX COBeTCKOC rpa)!(-
llaliCTIIO, .IIH60 nOKl1liY.IIH npellC.IIbl POCCHI1 noc.llc 7 IiOH6p}1 19171'.;
.IIHua, 1l06poBO.llbHO C.IIY)!(lmWHC B 6CJlblX ap!\lHHX .IIH60 ytlaCTBOBamUHC
B TOn 11.1111 HlioH )QpMC B KOlnppCI3OJlIOUHOHHblX BbICTyIl.llCIiHHX.
3aKOliOllaTe.llbCTIIO 0 rpa)!(ll,lIiCTIJC JJ.O 06pa3oBaHHH CCCP. CCTCCT-
BCliHO, HC npellCT31J.11ill10 Clll1liOro UCJlOrO, nOCKo.lbKY aKTbI 0 rp3)!(llaiICT-
I Kallolllllll £11. KOIICTmyUHOtIllOC (n>eYllaIXTBclfllOC) npaBo POCCIIII. M.. 1999. C. 107.
2 CY PCCPCP. 1918 r. N2 51. CT. 582.
J C\1.: XpeclIlo..taIl/IIR no IICTOplI1I OTC'ICCTI!CIUIOro rocyaapCTIX11I npaBa. 1917-1991 I
nOlI pCll. O.E. lJIICT5IKOB3. M., 1997. C. 21.
56
Pa3AeA L COI.\lIaAbHaH 11 pHA",leCKiIH npl1poAa rpaJKAaHITBa
BC H311,IBa.aHCb COBCTCKI'I\m pCclly6.11HKaMI'1. nCpUblC 3KTbI 0 COUCTCKOM
rpWKLlaHCme HC MOI]II1 IlpCTelillOHaTb 1m HC'ICpllbIlk'1IOWYIO per.lla\1eHTa-
UHIO ucex UOllpOCOU. OTHOC5IUlI1XCH K npH06peTCHHIO H }'TP<Tre COUCTCKO-
ro rpWKLlaliCH3a. OLUiaKO HMCHHO HMH 6bUI J<UIO)!(CH TOT IIpaUOHOH (I>YH-
Jm 1eHT. H3 OCHoue KOTOpOro CHUJO pa3UHrnITbCH H couepWCHCmOrnlTbCH
BCC nOC.IIcn.Ylowce JaKOHOn.aTe;lbCTBO II .HOj:'f 06JIaCTH I .
B HaUHOIi3JlbHOM acneKTe y)!(e n nepnble mil-I ConCTCKoH l1JIaCTH
6bLH IlpOllcn.eH IlpHHUHn nOJlHoro paBHOllpamm rpa)!(.lJ.<IH, Hl1'leM He
OrpaliWIHrnlcMoro. 15 (2) OKT516pH ]9]7 I'. 6bLH3 1l0ilIlHC3IIa D.CKJtapaUHH
npau liap0110U POCCHH 2 , npoU03rnaCHUII/aH H3pmlY C 11PYrHMH H 3TOT
npHHUHn. nOC.IICilYlOwce 3aKOIiOllaTenbCTOO HCYKJIOHHO HCX011H.110 H3
npH3HalIH51 p31J1iOnpamm rpWKLlaH IJHC IJCH'leCKoH 33IJHCHMOCTH OT HX
H3UHOHllilbHOi,IIlPHHaLlJlC)!(110CTI1.
C 06p330mll'II'le 1 CCCP 6blJlO YCTallOl1JleHO e.llHHOC COlO3Hoe rpa)!(-
llaliCTnO lUm IJcex rpmKllaii COI03HbIX pccny6nHK, 'ITO HaW.IIO 3aKOHOD.a-
Te,lbHOC J3KpCIUICliI1C U CT. 7 KOilcTI1Tymul CCCP 1924 I'.
COBCTCKI'Ij:'1 COI03 6b1.11 KOHcnITyI'lpOB<UI KaK cjJc11cpaTHUlioc rocy-
,L\apcmo, B KompoM CYIJCpCHHTCT COlO3a CO'ICT3.IICH C CYIJCpClllibI 1I1
np3IJaMH COlO3HbIX pecny6.11HK, 011HI1M 113 KOTOpblX 6blJlO Ilpauo 1m c06-
cmcHHoe rpa)!(JJ.allcmo. OnpeJ1e.llHIOWHM Hl1JIilllOCb 06we<)JeJICp3.llbHOC
rp3)!(JJ.aliCTOO. KOTopoe CO'leTaJlOCb C rpa)!(JJ.aliCTBOM pecny6Jll1K3HCKHM.
B CIUY C11HHOro np3UOIJOrO CTaTyca COUCTCKOro rpmKllaliHlm rpa)!(JJ.alilHi
Ka)!(JJ.oj:'f peclly6JII1KI'1 1m TepplITOpHH m06oj:'f COHCTCKOH pecIly6.111fKH
6bLl 1l0.1HOCTb10 paUliolllxlBCH C ee rpa)!(JJ.alIaMI1.
C 06pa30UaHI1CM CCCP ero BCpXOUliblM Opralla\1 npC110CTaI1JlH!lOCb
npaoo npHHHM3Tb OCHOlJliOC 33KOH0113Te.llbCTIJ0 IJ 06JI<ICTl1 COlO3HOro
rp3)!(JJ.aliCTB<1 n OTHOWeHHI1 npan I1HOcTpatmcn. H3 OCHone KOIiCTHTY-
UI'IH CCCP 1924 I'. H n pa3nHnie COJIep)!(anWI1XCH n Hej:'1 1l0Jlo)!(e11HH
6blml IlpHHHTbl TPI'1 COlO3HbIX aKTa 0 rpa)!(JJ.aHCTBC:
I) nOJ10)!(CHHC 0 COlO3HOM rpa)!(JJ.aHCTBC OT 29 OKTII6pH 1924 1'.3;
2) nO.llO)!(CliI1C 0 rpml<J1aHCTBC COlO33 CCP OT 13 HIOHH 1930 1'.4;
3) nOJlO)!(CliI1C 0 rpa)!(JJ.3HCTBC COI033 CCP OT 22 allpe;lH ]931 1'.5
nO,10)!(em'le OT 29 OKTH6pH 1924 I'. Ka'leCTnCHliO H3 lelil1JlO pa3nH-
THC 33KOHOD.aTC.IIb<.;ma 0 coueTCKOM rpa)!(JJ.,UII.;TBC. K ue11CHHIO UI-1K
COlO3HbIX pecny6nHK H UI-1K CCCP 6b1.111f OlHeceHbl oonpOCbI 0 IlpHe-
Me U COUCTCKOC rpa)!(JJ.aHCTBO H UOCCTaliOUJlCHI1H IJ HCM. 06 YTpaTC co-
I /lleB/(o(l B.C fpaJKJ1mlCTBO CCCP. M., 1980. C. 20.
2 I1cmpHSI cOBCrcKoii KOlICTlIl)'I(1II1 (I! 10KYMemax) 1917-1956. M.: focYJlapCmCu-
\fOC 11311-BO IOplmH'lccKoti JIIITCpaTypbl, 1957.
3 C3 CCCP. 1924. N2 23. CT. 202.
4 C3 CCCP. 1930. NQ 34. CT. 367.
S C3 CCCP. 1931. N2 24. CT. 196.
fAaBa 3. Pa3BHTHe O're'leCTBeHHoro 3aKOHOAa'reAbCTBa 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe 57
BCTCKoro rp,DK.naHCTU3, 06 H3 1CHCHIU1 rp<DK.n3HCTua UC;1C.nCTlJHC 6p3-
Ka 1'1 .np. nOpmloK I1pHCM3 U rpa)!(JJ.aliCmO 3aUHCC.II OT KaTcropHi1 HHO-
CTPaliUCU.
nO.IO)!(ClmC 1930 r. YCTpmm 10 I1p06eJlbl I1pe)!(IICro J3KOH01l3TC.lb-
CTlJ3, B 'taCTHOCTH, 0l1pc.ncm1.ll0 110PH.nOK m1WCHI1H COUCTCKOro rpa)!(-
,L\3IiCTua. n pHCM II rpa)!(JJ.aliCmO IHIOC11XlliUCU, npO)!(HUalOilll'IX J3 rpa-
HHucH, UOCCT3HOIJ.IICHI'IC B rpa)!(JJ.aHCTBC CCCP, BbIX011 In rpa)!(JJ.3Hcma
.rum, I1PO)!(HllalOillHX 33 rp.."llmucn. COCT<IIL1HJ1H HCKJIIO'IHTC.IIbHYIO Kml-
nCTCHUl110 npe3HD.HYMa UI-1K CCCP, B TO Bpe 1SI KaK n0;10)!(CHHC
]924 r. I1PC11YCM,lTpHU3JIO 3JIbTCpHaTHUHOC PCWCHHC .;1THX UOl1pOCOU
npC311llHYMOM UI-1K COI03H0i1 pccny6mlKH 11.IIH npe3HD.I1Y IOM UI-1K
CCCP. B COOlIJCTCmHI1 C 3TI1 1 nO.llO)!(CHI1CM rp..'1)!(JJ.3IiHH CCCP HB-
JI!IJICSI rpa)!(;laHHlim1 TOt'1 COlO3HOn pCCI1y6.11HKH. II npCllCJI3X KOTOPOt'1
nOCTOHHHO I1pO)!(I1BaCT. EC.IIH )!(C 011 110 H3W10H3JIbHOCTH IHH no npo-
I1CXO)!(JJ.CHI1IO C'IHTaCT CC6H CBS!3aHHbIM C 11PyroH pccny6.'lI1KOH, TO MO-
)!(CT l136p3Tb rp3)!(JJ.aHCTBO 3TOH peCl1y6mlKH.
nO.'lO)!(CliHC 1931 r. YCT3lmIJ.llHIk'L10 ynpowcHHblt'1 110pSl.nOK npH06-
pcrCHHSI rpa)!(JJ.aliCTBa CCCP 1'1 BbIX0113 In HCro B OTHOWCIH1H HHO-
CTp3llUCB - p..'160'mx H KpeCTbSlH. npo)!(lm3lOillHX B CCCP, lU1H TPY110BbIX
JaHHTI1H, 110;1b3YlOilll'IXCH I1paUOM y6C)!(Hill3, a T3K)!(C IJ C.II}"IaC I1CPC\1C-
HI>! rpa)!(JJ.3IiCma U CIISI3H C BCl)'I1'lCHHCM U 6paK.
B uonpOC3X pCLla\1CHTaUHH rp<DKllmlCTBa 110 nO.'lO)!(CHHIO 1931 r.
KmmCTCliUHH COlO3HbiX pecny6JHIK 6blJIa paCWHpelm. TaK, I1CpeCTaJIO
6blTb HCKJlIO'IHTC.IIbHbIM 110J1lI0MO'IHCM CCCP I1pauo npHilSlTHH HHO-
CTPaliUCII II rp<DKll3HCmO, CCJIH OHH I1po)!(IIBaIOT 33 1 pammci1, a TaK)!(C
.IIHWCHHC rp3)!(llailCTlJ3 H IJOCCTHHOIJ.IICHHC IJ HCM. 3TH aKTbI \lOr.ll11
ocYWCCTI!HSITbCH npC3H.nHY 1a 1H BCPXOBllblX COIICTOII KaK CCCP, TaK
H COlO3HhiX peCI1y6.11HK.
KOIICTIIT)'UHSI CCCP 1936 r., KaK H npe.nwccmYIOillaSI, 3<IKpCm1.lla
npHliUHn C1.lI1HCTlk"l COI03HOro rpa)!(JJ.aliCTIJ3. 0113 COXpalil1.lla OlHCCCHHC
K IIC.nCliHIO CCCP 3<lKOH011aTC;1bCTua 0 COlO3HOM rpa)!(JJ.<IIICTUC H 0 rrpa-
Bax IHlOCTP3IiUCB.
npHlISITblH 1m OCHOIIC KOIICTHT)'UHH CCCP 1936 r. 3aKOIi 0 rp3)!(-
,L\aliCTlJC CCCP OT 19 amYCTa 1938 r. 1 OTMCHI1.II nOJIO)!(CHI1C 0 rpa)!(ll3H-
CTBC ] 93] r. H ,L\CHCTBOBaJI 110 ] 978 r. B OTml'IHC OT I1pe)!(IH1X 3KTOB,
3aKoH CCCP 1938 r. ycnuI01Jl1.ll I1paoouylO HOPMY, per.ll3MCIITHPYlOWYlO
I1pl1311mmC COIJCTCKOrO rpa)!(JJ.3IiCTlk'1. TCM C3\1bl 1 6bL1 yTO'IliCH Kpyr
.IIHU. HIJ.IIHlOillHXCH COlJeTCKH 1H rp3)!(JJ.almMI1. 3aKoliOM 6bl;10 YCTaiiOB-
.IICHO, 'ITO rpa)!(JJ.all3MH CCCP HB.i1HIOTCH:
3) BCC HIJ.IISIIJWHCCSI 1m 7 HOH6pH 1917 r. nOllllaliHblMH 6bllJwcH POC-
CI1HCKOH HMnCpHI1 H HC yTpanmwl1c COUCTCKorO rpa)!(JJ.aHcma;
I BedO.UOWIII Bcpxol!lIoro COBCTa CCCP. 1938. N2 II.
58
Pa3AeA L COI.\lIaAbHaH 11 pHA",leCKiIH npl1poAa rpaJKAaHCTBa
6) JIIilia, KOTOpbIC npl'106pc.II11 COIJCTCKOC rpa)!(}JaliCTIJO B YCTIUIOU-
.IICliHOM 3aKOHOM nopHllKe.
EC.III1 paHcc. no nO.llO)!(CHHIO 1931 r., rpa)!(}J3mlHml CCCP npl1-
3H3rnUJOCb UCHKoe .11I1UO, HaXOIDIWCCCH Ha ero TCppl1TOpl1l1, nOCKOflbKY
HC 6b1J1a 1l0K33aHa cro npl'lliaILHe)!(HOCTb K rpa)!(}J3IiCTUY IUIOCTjJ3HHOrO
rocyn.apcma, TO 3aKOH 0 rpa)!(llailCTIJC He 1l0nYCKaJI aUTOMaTH'ICCKOro
3<1'IHC.IICHI1H JIIiU. IUIom3 lla)!(C nOMI1\'IO I1X )!(e.llaln'IH. U 'U1C.IIO COUCT-
CKI1X rpa)!(}Jali. 3aKOH BncpUble B I1CTOpl1H 3<lKOHOllaTeJ1bCTUa 0 rp.:'1)!(-
,L\aHCTBC UBe.:1 KaTeropl1IO JIIiU 6e3 rp3)!(lJaHCTIJa. 111m3, npo)!(l1rnllOWI1C
Ha TeppHTOpHI1 CCCP, HC mliUllOWI1CCH rpa)!(}JaHaMI1 CCCP 11 He MO-
ryWI1C 1l0K33aTb nplHl,UIJ1C)!(HOCTb K HHOCTpaHHO\1Y rocyn.apCTBY, npl1-
3HalJ3.lll1Cb JIIm3MI1 6C3 rpa)!(}J3HCTBa, TOflla KaK p3HCC U :;JTOM C.IIY'IaC
OHI1 C'IHTaJIHCb rpmKmlHaMI1 CCCP. nO t l06Hoe I'I3MeHeHl1e OCHoBaHHH
,Will npl13Halil1H rpa)!(}JaliCma CCCP 6bL10 Hanp3wICHO Ha nOBblWCHl1e
nOJ1I1TI1'IecKoro 11 np3OOBoro lHa'leIH-1H CTIl1YC3 rpa)!(}J3Hlul3 CCCP.
3aKOH 113 leml;1 npoucllYPY pewemlll BonpocOB 0 BbiXOllC In rpa)!(}Jali-
CTlk'1 11 0 ero fll1WellllH. 01111 6blml OTHeCCHbI K KOMneTeHUHH npC3H-
11I1YMa Bepxomioro COBeTa CCCP, 'ITO OTpa)!(aJIO p331J111k'1IJWI1CCH npo-
ueccbI YCHJ1eHHH UeliTpaJIl'I3 1a COBCTCKOro COlO3HOro roCY1l3pCTBa.
3aKOHOM 6bLHO OTMCHeHO npalJo MeCTHbIX CoIJCTOIJ 11 IJblCWI1X op-
r3HOIJ rOCY1l3pCTIJeHHOH I1JU1CTI1 alJTOHOMHbIX pecny6.11I1K npl1li11 I3Tb
B COUCTCKoe rpll)!(llaliCTBO. I-1HOCTpailUbl, HC3<IIJI1CI1MO OT I1X HaUI10HlUJb-
HOCTI1 11 p.:'1CbI. npl1HI1\laJIl1Cb B COIJCTCKOe rp3)!(llailCTlJ0 no I1X x011<n3H-
CTlJY npc311!UIYMOM BepxolJliOro COBeTa COlO3HOH pccny6J111, KI1 B npe-
,L\e;laX KOTOpoH OHH npO)!(lm3ml. YnpoweHHblH nopHllOK npl106peTeHI1H
COBCTCKOro rpa)!(}JaHCTI 6bLH OTMeHeH. BblXOll 113 COBeTCKoro rpa)!(}JaH-
CTlk'1 CT3.11 p33pcwaTbC I l'ICKJnO'II1Te.llbHO npC3Ulll1Y iml BCpXOBIloro
COBCTa CCCP.
B 3aKOHC 0 rpa)!(llaliCTBe CCCP 1938 r. BnCplJblC 6bl.ll0 3a.pHKcupo-
UailO npaBOlJoe COCTOSIIil1C 6e3rp3)!(llaiICTrnl. K .11I1WI 1 6e3 rp3)!(llaHCTrnl
(3naTpH1I.3 1) 33KOH OTHOCWI Tex, KTO npO)!(HlJaJI 1m Teppl1TOpHH CCCP,
He 06mwaH COlJeTCKUM rp3)!(}JaHCTIJOM H He H leH 1l0Ka3<lTe.llbCTB coocH
npI1HaILle)!(HOCTH K HHOCTpaliHOMY rp.:'1)!(}JaHCTIJY.
no 3aKOHY ] 938 r. 1l0nYCKaJIOCb JII'IWeHHC rp3)!(JJ.allcma npH 06"bHB-
.IICHHH uparoM H3p01l.3 11 .IIUWeHI'IC rpillKlIaHCTrnl no CYllY. B 1958 r. 1'10-
BbI\1I1 OCHOlk1MH yro.llOBHOro 3aKOIIOLIaTe.llbC1Ua H CYlI.OnpoH3UOllcm3 3TH
CaliKUHH 6b1J1H OT\1eHCHbI. 01l.lmKO 1J03!\(0)!(HOCTb .IIHWCliI1H rp3)!(JJ.aHCTBa
OCTamL13Cb K3K KpaHHHH Mep.:'1, KOTopaH npH\1eHHeTCH K .IIHua\l, '.He llOC-
TOHHblM IJbICOKOro 31k1HHH rpa)!(}J3HHIi3 CCCP". Te 1 C3Mbl\I npc3HLIHYM
BepxOI!Horo Concra CCCP HMCJ1 npaoo >11'IW3Tb rp3)!(JJ.aliCTBa no CBoeMY
YCMOTIJeHHIO, 'ITO I1CnOJlbJOl33J1OCb ,Will 6opb6bI C npOTHBHHK3\1H coueT-
CKOro CTpOH.
fAaBa 3. Pa3BHTHe O're'leCTBeHHoro 3aKOHOAa'reAbCTBa 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe 59
B nOC.IICUOCliliblC rollbI nOHUl1JJaCb Hc06XOllH\IOCTb U 11311,1111111 pHll3
YKa30U npe311D.11Y 1a BCPXOBIIOro COBCTa CCCP, pCr.lla!\lClimpYIOWHX
nopHllOK npl106pcrClil1H 11 UOCCTIIHOUJlCliI1H COUCTCKOro rpa)!(1.laHCTua.
a T3K)!(C BbIX01l3 1'13 HCro. nplHiH"II1C :nHX YKa30B 6b1JIO UbI3U<lHO BXO)!(-
,L\CHI1C!\I U COCTau CCCP HOBblX COlO3libIX pccny6.11I1K. KpoMC TOro, Co-
UCTCKOC rocynapcTlJo YllOBJICTBOpl1JlO npocb6y pSllla rpynn JUJU. npo)!(l1-
1k11OU..\HX 3a rpaHl1ucH, 0 npIHISIHm I'IX B COIICTCKOC rpa)!(JUlIiCTIIO.
YKa30!\I npC3111ll1Y!\la BcpxOIJlioro COBCT3 CCCP OT 10 HOSI6pSl
1945 r. np3BO BOCCTaiiOBI1Tb COBCTCKOC rpa)f(JlaliCTBO npCllOCTaRHSl.IIOCb
.II 11 Ll<l!\l. HIJ.IISIUWI1MCSI K 7 HOSI6pSI 1917 r. nOllllaHHbIMH 6blUwcH POC-
Cl1ikKOH H!\InCpl1l1, a TaK)!(C .II 11 ua !\I, COCTOSIUWI1!\1 U COBCTCKOM rpa)!(-
llaliCmC 11 YTP3TI1BII/HM cro, a paBiiO I1X llCTSI!\I, npO)!(I1BalOu.u'I 1 lfa TCp-
pl1TOpl111 Mallb'I)!(YPI1I'I.
Alilli10rH'IHb1C YK33bI 6bl.lll1 npl1liSlTbl II OTHOWCHI1I1 nOllllallHbIX
6bllJwcH POCCHikKOH l1!\1nCpl1H, a TaK)!(C .1111U, YTpaTI1UWI1X COUCTCKOC
rp3)!(D,3IiCTIJO, npO)!(lm3BWI,IX B npOBI1liUl1H CI1HbU3S1H, B ropO,L\ax W3II-
X3C H TSIllbU311IiC, Ha TCppl1TOpl111 EO.llrapl1l1. JOrOC.IIamUI, <J>PallUl1l1.
Hnolil1l1, 6eJlbrHl1.
190KTH6psI ]946 r. YKa3 npe31111I1YMa BCpxOBHOro COIJCT3 CCCP YC-
TIUiOBl-UJ, 'ITO .1111Ll<1 3p!\lSIHCKoH lial.{1101i,UJbIiOCTH, U03upaWaIOWI1CCH 113-
3a rpaiUJUbl lia pomHiY II CoBCTCKYIO Ap ICHIIIO, npH3lialOTCSI rpa)i(,laHa-
!\IH CCCP C !\IO ICHTa npl16blHm I1X IJ COUCTCKI1H COI03.
B 1977 r. 6bl Ia npl1lHlTa HOlk1H KOIiCTlnym'IH CCCP, cor.llaCIiO KO-
TOpOH npIHISITI1C II rpa)f(JlallCTIIO CCCP, PCWCIiI1C 1I0npocou 0 BbIxonc
113 rpa)!(1.laliCTI!<l, cro JIHWCIi....1 HBJUIJIOCb KOMnCTCIil.{I1Ct'1 npe311D.I1Y 13
BcpxoBilOro COl3CT3 CCCP. Ha OCHOlk1HI1H CT. 33 KOIiCTHTyUl111
] llcKa6psi 1978 r. 6bUJ npHliSIT 33KOli 0 I pa)!(1.laHCTlJC CCCP, U KOTOpOM
6hL11'1 0TPa)!(cIi bl 113 1CIiCHHH, np0l1301llCllWHC B OTiiOmCHHSIX roCY.rrap-
CTU3 C JlWUIOCTbIO, lialUJII1 MCCTO nOJlO)!(CHI1H !\IC)!(1.l)'IIapolllibIX 1l0rouO-
pOB, 3aKJIIO'ICliHbIX U nOCJlCIJOCHHblt'1 nCpl10ll l .
3aKOH CCCP OT IllcKa6pH 1978 r. ,,0 rp,\)!(il3lil..'TUC CCCP» no.rrrucp-
,L\HJI Cm1liOC COlO3liOC rp3)!(D,3IiCTBO, nOll'lcpKIiY.ll, 'ITO rp3)!(D,3IiCTBO CCCP
smHSICTCSI p3mlbiM IiC3<111I1CI'IMO OT OCHOlk11il1H cro npH06pereHl1sl. 3TOT
JaKOIi TaK)!(C BBCJl JanpeT lia Bbllla'IY I]X\)!(ilalil1lia CCCP I1li0000aliliO!\lY
rocyn.apcTBy, 'ICTKO 3<1<)JHKCHpoBaJl HCnpl13Halil1C n.lloHIiOro rpa)f(JlaHCTBa
3<1 flX\)!(ilali3!\111 CCCP. CoXpmil1.llCH I1HCTH1)'I" JlI1I1/CHI1H rpa)f(JlaHCTIkl
CCCP, HO C YTO'lIiCHHC!\I OCHOBallI1t'1 .11I1WCHHSI rpa)!(1.l3HCTBa. PC'lb utJla
o llcHCTmmx, KOTOpblC p3CUCli11Ik1Jll1Cb KaK '.nOP0'I<lliil'lC IIbICOKOC 3Ikl1i11C
rp<l)!(.Q<UlI1lia CCCP 11 1i3liOCmUHC YUICp6 npeCTI'I)!(}' 11 rocyn.apcTIICHllot'1
6e30mlCIiOCTH CCCP». nO.llY'lI1JlO nOllmCp)f(JlCHI1C <)JaKTWICCKI1 llcHCTBO-
Ik\IJWCC nO.llO)!(CHI1C 0 TOM, 'ITO npo)!(HIkIlIl1C COIJCTCKOro fP<\)!(il,UII1IIa 3<1
I BedO.UOWIII Bcpxol!lIOro COBCTa CCCP. 1978. N2 49. CT. 816.
60
Pa3AeA L COI.\lIaAbHaH 11 pHA",leCKWI npl1poAa rpaJKAaHCTBa
rpaHJ.1UcB C3\1O no cc6e HC BJlC'ICT YTPaTbl rp3)!(ll3HCTB<1. 33KOHOM 3<IKpCn-
.II I.IIHCb .k1KOHOIl3Te.llbHble npaBa pecny6JnlK B 06JI3CTH rp3)!(ilatiCTBa.
B nOCJ1CIlHCM COlO3HOM 3aKOHC ,,0 rpa)!(il3liCTBe CCCP,) OT 23 Milll
1990 r. npaBOBOC pelYJlHpoBaliHe rpmK.il3liCm3 HeCKOJlbKO .ileMOK)YdHI3H-
poB<UJOCb. 3aKOH onpclICJULl rpmKIl3liCTBO K3K nO.lll1THKo-npaBOByJO CBH3b
.1111U3 C rocyml)X.'TBOM, BllepBble 3<lKpellH.II ll)YdBO Iia rpmK.ilaticTBO, 3<lllpe-
TH.II IlpoH3BO.llbHoe _ I1IUeliHe rpmK1I.3HCT&1. 11 HlueHHe rp3)!(ll3liCTB3 coxpa-
HH.IIOCb, OlUiaKO IlpH 3TOM 6bUl Orp3l1l1'ICII KaK Kpyr OCHOIk1IiHj:'1 IlpHMClle-
HHH :noB Mepbl, TaK H Kpyr .IIHU, K KOTOpblM OHa MOr.ll3 npHMeH ITbCH.
B UCJ10M lI.Jl 1 Ilpe)!(Hcro COlO3110ro 3aK01101l.aTe,lbCTUa 0 rpa)!(ilatlCTUe
6bLHO xap3KTepHO:
I) cocpellOTOlleHHe np3BOMOlIHH no JaKOHO,L\aTC.IIbHOH per.ll3 leHTa-
UHH OTliOUJeliHfi rpa)!(ilatiCTB<l y COlO3HblX opraHOB. HeCMOTp 1 Ha TO,
lITO 33KOH 0 rp3)!(ilatiCTBe CCCP 1990 r. YKa33.11 Ha 33KOHbi 0 rpa)!(il3li-
CHIC COlO3HbiX pccny6. HK, pccny6.1HKatiCKOC 3aKOIi01l3Te.llbCTUO B llcj:'l-
CTBHTe.llbHOCTH COCTO 1J10 .IIHUJb H3 YK330B npe3HllHYMOB BepXOBllblX
COBCTOB 0 nopHllKe npHHHTHH B pccny6,lHK3IiCKoe rp3)!(il3liCTBO:
2) OTCyTCTBHe IOp 1JlH'lecKoro o >opl\l.lleHHH pecny6J1HK3IiCKoro rp3-
)!(il3HCTB3. Bee rp3)!(il3lie HMe.llH CllHHblj:'1 n3cnoPT rp3)!(il3liHli3 CCCP
6e3 YKa3aHH 1 Ha npUHillUlC)!(HOCTb K rpa)!(il3liCTBY COI03HOj:'1 pCCIly6. H-
KH. B :k1KOHaX He 6blJ1l1 YKaJatibl OCHOBatiHH, no KOTOpblM OnpelleJlSI-
.113Cb 3H1 npHHiIll.J1C)!(HOCTb;
3) nOCTeneHliOe c}')!(eHHe nOJlliO\10 l IHj:'1 COlO3HbiX pecny6JIHK no no-
UOIlY pCUJCHH ! KOHKpcTliblX BonpOCOB rpa)!(il3liCTBa H OTHCCCHHe 3THX
nO.lllIOMO'IHj:'1 K HCKJlIO'IHTeJ1bllbIM nOJlliOMO'm 11\I CCCPI.
3.3. 3aKOH OT 28 HOSl6pSI 1991 r.
«0 rpIDKAaHCTBe PC<!>CP»
K KOHUY 1990 r. CTIUJO O'ICBHllIiO, 'ITa noc.lle nHTH C nOJlOBHHoj:'1 .IICT
nepec-rpoj:'IKH COBCTCKHi.j COlO3 BOUJe.ll B HOB)'IO CTMHIO CBoej:'1 HCTOpHH
H C TO'IKH JpCHl1S1 BliYTPCliHeH nom1THKH, H B pa3BHTHH OTliOUJCHHH
co Bce 1 1Hpm11. YCI'UlHB<IIOWHCOI UCllTp06c)!(llbIC TCllllCliUHH IlpHBC.IIH
K TOMY, 'ITO CoBCTCKHj:'1 ColO3 <IJaKTH'leCKH ncpeCT3.11 6blTb C,L\HHbIM rocy-
Ila)JCTUOM. npHH ITHC nCpBblM C"bC3IlOM H3pOlUibiX ilCllyTaTOB PC<1>CP
LleKJIapaUHH 0 rOCYIla)X.'TBeHHO 1 CYBepeHIITCTe 12 HlOjJH 1990 r. 3 npello-
npelle.llH.IIO He06xollHMOCTb pi13pa60TKH H npHHHTI1S! HOBOro 3aKoHa
o I pa)!(ilatiCTBe PoccHficKOB <De.ilep3uHH. B <JHCJ1e J3KOHO.ilaTeJlbHbIX
I KYIllt/(fJIIJ/ o. £ rocyaapCTllclilfOC npallo POCClliiCKOii <1JC!lCpauHII. C. 172.
2 Befllll H. I1cropltSl COIICTCKOro rocymlpcTIJ.1. M., 1998. C. 518.
J &-OO.\lOCJIIII CbC3!1a HapoaHblX llCn}'TIITOB PC<1>CP II BcpxoBiiOro COBCTa PC<1JCP.
1990. .N 2. CT. 22.
fAaBa 3. Pa3BHTHe O're'lecTBeHHoro 3aKOHOAa'reAbCTBa 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe 61
3KTOD, nOll.JlC)!(3UmX IlCPDOO'ICPCllIiOj:'1 p33p36OTKC BCPXODlibl1\l CoBCTOM
PC<DCP nepBblM Cbe31l0M liapOllliblX lIen}'T3TOB PC<DCP 20 11101i 1
1990 r., 6blJl 33KOIionpOCKT 0 POCCl1i.jCKOI\l f)Yd)!(IIaIiCmC, p33pa60TK3
KOTOpOro 6bVia JaKOIi'lelia K cepemllle 1991 r.
He 3liaH BceM npcllblCTopHH npl1liHTI1H 33KOIia ,,0 rp3)!(1laliCmC
PC<DC, p,> 1\I0)f(1i0 ClIC.laTb oum60'lIiblM BblBOll 0 TOM, 'ITO BcPXOBliblH
CODeT PC<DCP, npellBHlUI .11I1KRH1l3UHIO CCCP, npe,L\YCMOTpI1TeJlbIiO
orpa31Ll 3TO R CDoeM 33KOIie. OllliaKO 3TO lie T3K - aBTOpbl 33K01i0-
npoeKTa npl1 ero pa3pa6oTKe, eCTecmeliliO, I1CXOllH.IIH H3 TOro, '1TO
POCCI1MCKall <DelIep3UI1 1 (PC<DCP) BXOlIHT B COCHm CCCP.
28 Iim16pH, 3a lleC}lTb llIiej:'1 110 nOlllll1catiHH lloroBopa 06 06pa30Da-
Ii 11 11 CHf, OH 6blJl npl1lmT BcPXODliblM COBCTOI\I PC<DCP BO DTOpoM
'lTelil1l1 11 B COOTBCTCml111 C 3<1KOIiOllaTe.llbIi0j:'1 npouelIypoH 6blJl 1i3-
npaDJIeli lIJI}I nOllnl1CaHI1}1 npe3HllellT)' PC<DCP. OllliaKo lie33JJ.O.llro 110
ero OKOIi'IaTe.llblioro np111i5lTlI51 6blJl0 33KillO'Ie1i0 COf.ll3Welil1e OT 8 lIC-
K36pH 1991 r. «0 C031latiHI1 COllpy)!(eCTBa He33BI1CI1 lblX focYllapcTB»,
B KOTOpoM KOIiCTaTl1poI33.11OCb, '1TO CCCP KaK cy6"beKT Me)!(1lYliapollHo-
ro n)YdBa 11 fCOnO;lI1TWleCKa 1 pe3.llbliOCTb IlpcKpawaeT CBOC cywecmo-
Balil1e. no 3TOj:'1 npWl\1IiC B CPO'lIiO\1 nOp}llIKC nOTpe60ml.llOCb y'leCTb
B 33KOlionpoeKTe B031i11KWI1C npaBOBblC 11 fCOnO.llIITI1'ICCKHe 113Melielil1}1.
llop36oTKa 3<"lKOIiOnpoeKTII npoBOlII1Jl3Cb B cneWlim1 nOp!L1lKC 11. B oc-
HOBIiOM CBe.llaCb K TOMY, '1TO nepell 366peRHaT)'poi.j «CCCp,> 6blJl0
BCTaDJIeliO CHOBO «6bIBHlHi'i». llaTa )!(e ero paCOlorpelil1}1 11 npl1li 1TI1}1
BcPXOBlibl1\l COBeroM PC<DCP OCT3JlaCb npe)f(liej:'1. B pe3Y.llbT3Te 3TOro
C03113J13Cb nap3JJ.OKC3JlbH35I CI1T)'3UI1}1 - B 33KOIiC «0 fpa)!(1l3liCme
PC<DCP,>, 1I3T1IPO&"lIiIiOM 21i 1i05l6p51 199] r., T.e. 1I0 1I3Tbi npeKp3Wc-
HI1}1 cywecTRomUiH5I CCCP, R UCHO\I psme CTaTeM (lianpHMep, 12, 13,
Iii l111p.) CCCP ynoM\1Ii3eTC 1 B 1eCTe C IIpWl3raTe.llblibl 1 ,.6bIBWHH.,.
Oc06elliioCTblO CTatlOBJIeillm I1IiCTI1T)'Ta f)Xl)!(1latiCTBa 13 POCCI1j:'I-
CKOj:'1 <DclIcpaUI1U }lBl1.110Cb HIK)!(C TO, 'ITO OIi BCrylll1.ll B CI1.IIY 6 qX:Bpa./l}l
1992 r. 1 , T.C. 3Ha'IIITCJlbIi0 P3libWC np\1li ITOM 12 lleKa6p 1 1993 f. liOOOM
POCCI1j:'ICKOj:'1 KOIiCTI1T)'UI1I1.
33KOli 0 rpmKll.3liCme POCCHIICKOj:'1 <Dellep3ulIlI OT 28 lio}l6psI 1991 r.
cywecTReliliO 060faTH.II COllep)!(3Iil1e I1IiCTHT)'Ta rpmlvlatiCTBa, no-
JIO)!(HJI lia'I<LIO IIOBOMY 1I0JlXOlIY K ero nOHHMatil1lO KaK OCIiOBbi KOII-
CTI1T)IU11011l10ro CTpo I, I3blpa)!(ellHlO cyocpellllTcTa roCY1l3pCTBa. B 3a-
KOIiC 1i31U.110 J<IKpCll.IIelil1C pccny6Jll1KatiCKOC rp<DKllaIiCTBO, 1i0CI1DWCC
co Bpc ICIiI1 06pa30Balil1}1 CCCP 11 B Te'leliHC Bcej:'1 ero I1CTOpl111 qJOp-
M3.IIblibiM XapaKTep.
I &,,)O.tlOCII//1 COC31Ia lIapo.il.HblX llcnYHnOB PoccltikKOii <])e.acpaullit It BCpxoBHoro
COBCTa Poccl'liicKOii <])eAcpaUlIII. 1992. .N 6. C. 243.
62
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:>K1latiCme PoccHikKOi1 <lJellepauHH H rpa)!(ilatiCTI!e pecny6,IHK B COCTaI!e
POCCHi1cKOH <l>ellep3UHH ('I. 2 CT. 2) IiC COr.llaCOBblrnUJOCb C nO.l0)!(e-
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no Iepe CT3IiOBJICIHI5I HIiCHIT)'fOR rpa)!(ilatiCTBa R 1i0RbIX lie3<lRHCU-
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IlHe KOTOpblX (KaK npO)!(UBalOLUee B IiHX, T<1K H nepeCC.IIeliUbI B POCCHi1-
CKoii <DcllcpaW1H) COCTaB.;lH110 H COCT3BJl ICT OCIiOBliOi-"1 KOIiTHlirCHT .1HU,
xomrraHcmYIOLUHX 0 npH06peTCliHH POCCHi1CKOro rp3)!(ilatiCma.
BonpcKH MC)!(JJ.YliapOllliOH npaKTHKe ypcry.llHpOlklHH5I l!OnpOCOB
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MC)!(roCYllapcmCliliblX .lI0rol!OpOB, T3KIIC 1l0roBOphI npH p3Cn311C CCCP
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JlaTBH5I). 3aKJ11O'Jelilible n0311liee 1l0roROpbI 0 llR0i1IiO\1 rpa)!(il3liCTBe
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libli-"I .IIH6cp3JIH3M B 'taCTH, K3ca1OLUei-"IC5I YC.IIOBHM npHeM<1 B POCCHi-"ICKOC
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paBll3li npHliSlTHCM B 6. H)!(3i-"III/CM BpeMeliH ali3JI0fH'lIibIX 3<1KOIiOB B 1i0-
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3<lKOIiOB 0 rp<l)!(JJ.atiCme npe.uYCM3TpHlklIOT 60JIec )!(CCTKHe YC.IIOBH5I npH-
06PCTCIiHS! rp<l)!(JJ.3IiCTrnl H lie npH3liatOT CHTY,IUHH llBOi-"lIiOro rpaJKllatiCTlkl.
npeLlnpHlmTble POCCHi1CKOi1 CTOpoHOi1 HIiHUI1,1THBbI 110 C6JIH)!(eIiHIO Ja-
KOli01l3TC.llbCTB 0 rpmK.ualiCTBc cYLUccmcliliblx PC3Y.llbTIITOB lie npHliCC.IIH.
f"aBa 3. Pa3BHTHe O're'leCTBeHHoro 3aKOHOAa'reAbCTBa 0 rpIDKAaHCTBe 63
1l01l0.lllil1TCJJbliblM OCIIOrnUiI1CM .lUIH IlpHIiSlHI5I pcWCIiHH 0 p33p3-
60TKC 1i0BOro 33KOlia 0 pocCHHcKOM rpa)!(il3liCfI!e SIBH 10Cb 1l0JlIlI'ICatil1e
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jIHBaJowel1 no PSUlY BonpocoB HHbIe HOpMbI, 110 cpaBlieliHIO C patiee
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ro rp3)!(ilatiCTlk1 COOTe'ICCTBCHIiHK3MH, p l3pa63Tbllk'UJCSI B YC.IIOBHSlX Ile-
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PeD 6bUlH RHecelihl 11&1 IlpoeKTa (!)CllepaJIblibIX 3aKOIiOB 0 rpa)!(il3liCTOC:
,,0 1lJ3)!(ilatiCme POCCHI1CKOI1 <l>ellep3UHH>', lIIiecelilibll1 IlJYIlllol1 llellYTa-
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IlpoCKTOB 33K.111O'I UJOCb B OTiiOWCHHH K OCT3BWHMCSI 3<1 py6C)!(OM CO-
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64
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npo)!(HBaIOU.\HX B 6. H)!(HC 1 33py6c)I(be, C.IIelIYCT liapal!He C npaBaMH )l(H-
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CKOM 061UCCTI'C. M.. 1979. C. 37-38-
2 'flipKIIJ/ B.E. KOllCHIl)"IlIIOHlIOC IIpalio 3apy6e>KHbIX erpm!. M.. 1997. C. 57.
J CM.: Eek Il. Thc Adminislralion of Juslicc in Conflict Cascs Invoh.in,g Rcfl!.iccs.
,.scandinavian SlUdics in law»_ 1959. vol. 3. P. 35.
4 Py6mwfI A.A. OCllOIIHblC KO.UH3110HHbIC BonpOCbl COI!CTCKOro 3aKOII01laTCl1bCTBa
o rpa>Kl!allCTBC II COBCTCKOC rocYJ.lapcTI!O II npaBO. 1979. NQ 9. C. 51.
fMBa 4. nOHHTIle 11 06lI.\aJI xapaKTepl1C1'HKa rpW!<AaHcrua
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CO'I. T. 4. C. 489.
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I OOK/lHlillel/ fl.P. WapmlT II MYCYJIh'I3I1CKo-np<UIOB<I!1 KYl1bTypa. M.. 1997. C. 12.
2 A.ilb-J\lllfJlllllrJex A)'lIcJ AYlIerJ Al}'xll""erJ. C03;(iUUIC H Pi-BIUIHle 3f.1KOIIOJlaTCJlhCTua
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V'I. CTCIICIIII... K.IO.II. TallIKcllT. 1999. C. 8-9.
jAil/ill S \1iddc Easl Lcgal Sislcms. L P_ 227.
4 ApUIlOOLK/lli K.B. fOCYllapcTBClIlIOC npaBO .!apy6e>KllblX CT)YJII. M., 1999. C. 348-349.
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I BedO.I/OClIIlI CbC311.1 t;lpO!.lHbIX llCn}'"nnoB II BCpxoBHoro COBcTa P<J:!. 1993. N! 32.
CT. 1227.
82
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C 92-93.
2 TYlllam F.H. 3aKoil 0 rpa)!(,I'IIlCmC CCCP II COIICTCKOC rocYilapcTllO II npallo. 1979.
1'& 7. C 22.
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I l/Iem(ofl B.C. rpa)l(J\3IiCTI!O B COBcTCKmt COlO31i0M rOC)'1apCTHc. M.. 1969. C 14-15.
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3 EOJl{Jc ID.P. BOllpoCbl rpaJtVIaIlCTl!a II \ICJtV.lYltapOJ.lIlml IIpaliC. M.. 1986. C 18.
4 '111'/eplIlI D.1l. Kypc roCYLl<IPCTBClIlIOii lIaYKH. 4. I: 06IUcc rocymlpcTBclllIOC npano.
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2 Oi'illjllR TCOpl1H npal! 'ICJlOBCIGI I noa pCll. JlYKmUCBoii E.A. M., 1996. C. 50.
3 KOfJlI,1euKO A.H. KOHCTlITYllI101lllOC npaBO POCCHII. M., 1977. C. 50; KO,IlOlIllI11 E.M.
KOHCTlITYIUlOHHOC (rocYJlal1CTBcHHOC) npallo POCClllt. M.. 1999. C. 105.
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'ICCKOM 06wCCTBc. C. 29; K)''1I11ICKlIIi B.A. JlII'1Il0CTb, cB06olla, npaBO. M., 1978.
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KOHCU, oc06oe COCTOSIHHC (CTIITYC)? MHC Ka)!(CTCSI, 'ITO Ha BCC nl BO-
npoCbl MO)!(HO 6bll0 6bl OTltenlTb OTplluaTCJlbHO,,2.
npoBC11CHHblC OTC'ICCTBCHHbI 111 }"ICHbl\lI1-lOpHCTIIMI1 HCCJlCllOB<1HHSI
JTJa)!(llaHCTB3 paCKpWII<1I0T cro IOpl11J}I'ICCKYIO npl1p011Y 11 C011CP)!(alU1C.
npHHUl1mm.1bHblM MOMCIITOM U 11aHHO\l BOnpocc SIB.ilSICTCSI YCT3HOB.ilCHHC
TO)!(llCCTII<I I1JlH OT.III1'IHSI MC)!(llY K,ITCrOpmI\1I1 «npallOB<ISJ CB I3b>' H <.np3-
BOOTHOWCHHC>'. B MC\lopaHilYMC CeKpernpl13rn OOH orr 14 M3SI 1954 r.,
I Ko.l/opofi CA. YK.I3. CO'I.
2 KlIIlIK1II1 C C YK33. CO'I. C. 3.
154 Pa3AeA I. COI.\lIaAbHaH 11 pHAH'leCKWI npl1pOAa rpaJKAaHCTBa
nOCBSIlI/eHHOM np06J1eMe MHO:>KeCTIJeHHOro rpWKll3HCTlk1. BbICKa:k1H KOM-
npO llIccHbli-i B3rJISIll, COrJIaCIlO KOTOpoMY. C lopHlI.l1'ICCKoH TO'IKH 3PC-
HI1SI. rpWKll3HCTBO MO)!(CT paCCM3TpHlk1TbCSI KaK npaBOOTHOllieHHC \lC)!(llY
rocYll.'dpCTBOM H IUU.lHBHlI.OM. a TdK>KC K<IK 'IaCTb CT'dryca 111111.111U11I.a. H3
KOTOpoi-i IIblTeKalOT onpelleJleHHble npall3 H 06!I3<IHHOCru l .
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BOOTIIOlliCHHC. CYII/CCTBYIOII/CC KaK B 06l1/cH, TIIK H U KOIIKpcTIlOH
<IJOpM3X. np3BOBOC COCTOSIHHC. 'I3CTb npaBoBoro nO. 0)!(CHI1SI (np3Bo-
1I0ra cT3ryca) rpaJK.a<lHIIHa. IOpHilJl'lecKoe YCJlOI!I1C II psUly IOPHllH'IC-
CKHX (IJ<IKTOB. Kpo lc TOro. rp<l)!(ll3HCTBO HC C.IICn.YCT OTO)!(llCCTBHSITb HH
C npaBOUbI\1 CTaT)'COM rpa)!(llaHUH3. HH C 06l1/cH npauocy6"bCKTHOCTblO.
CJICll}'CT TIIK)!(C Y'leCTb. 'ITO rpaJK.ct3HCTBO He 06pa.3}'CT U YKa3<IHHbIX
npomL1CHI1!IX '1IICTblH THn. '1TO CII/C pa3 non.'lcpKHlI<ICT cncUHlIJWICCKYIO
npaBOBYIO npHpon.y rpa)!(llaHCTlk1. 06YCJ10BIIHIk110tll,}'lO n.OCTaTO'IHYIO YC-
J10BHOCTb nonblTOK cro n.CTCp tIlHaUHH.
I Survey of Ihc Problcm of Malliplc Nalionali(y Prcpared by (hc Sccrcmrim (14 May
1954). DOCllmCnl A/CN 4184-Ye,lIbook ofthc Imcrnational UIW Commission. 1954.
Vol. II. Ncw York. 1960. P. 59.
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I C t., Hi.HIp.: flJ1( aleubl KOHcTJ.nYUl1oHlloro (Yc.13IU1T11S1 cynepefulol1 pecny6..1HKU. Y )a.
1992: QJe()eptLlII3." - r.106a:lbllbIC II pocclliicKllC 113 ICpeIIHSI. B KII.: Me.)I('()Y//{JPO()//{JR
ItaY'1II0-npaK1W1CCKa>l KOIllI)epCIIIIII>I. KaJanl.. 1993.
2 £LllllieK r np:II!O COlJpe ICHlIoro rOCYllapcma. 06wcc }"ICHl1C 0 rocY!.l<lpcTIJC. Cn6.,
1903. c. 515-527.
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2 MlLlIlKO(j M. K. r paJK.1altCTBO PocCHlicKOIi <1>c.acpaUHlt II rp3JK.1aItCTBO cc Cy6.hCKTOU II
fOCYAapCT130 II IIpallO. 1997. NQ 8. C. 21.
fMBd 8. CDeAepdAbHoe 11 pecny6A11KaHCKOe rpa:>I\AdHCfBO B P<1> 183
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OTHOCI1TC.lhHOC 6oJlbWIIHCTIIO (Pccny6J11IKa MbireSl - 67.96%; Pccny6J11IKa Alnli'l -
60.36%; Pccny6.11lKa &1wKopTOCTan - 39.27% Pccny6.1l1Ka 6YPSITIISI - 69.24%;
Kapa'IaCIlO-4cPKCCCK'1SI Pccny6.1111G1 - 42.40%; Pecny6.1l1Ka KapCJII1I1 - 73.60%;
Pcclly6,IIIKa Kmm - 57.70%: Pcclly6.11IKa Mapllii-3.l - 47.51%: PeClly6J111Ka Mop-
a01ll1ll - 60.83%: Pccny6.111K.. Caxa (}/K}'TIISI) - 57.30%; Yl1MYPTCIG1Sl Pecny6J11I1<a-
58.87%: PccIly6J\11IGI XaKacllS1 - 79.46%. CM.: HaJ!o()bJ POCCIII1. 31tl.lllKJl0llcJlIISI. M.,
1994. C. 443-435.
2 y.u/(oou J1.A. YKaJ. CO'I. C. 88-89.
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I JIe6edea A. H. Y Ka3. pa6. C. 70-71.
fMBd 8. CDeAepdAbHoe 11 pecny6A11KaHCKOe rpa:>I\AdHCfBO B P<1> 185
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'IC.IIOBCKa BO Bcex cy6'beKTaX PocCHHcKOH <PeliepaUI1I1 I.
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CKoH <PellepaUHH Cblrpllil0 nOCTaHOlJ.lleHl1e KOHCTI1T)'UI10HHOro CY11a P<P
OT 15 1110,151 1996 r. NQ 16- n ,.0 npolJCpKe KOHCTI1T)'UI10HHOCTI1 n. I
I 363ee({ E. C POCCllilcKllii IIIC,lcp<LnB 1 II C,III11CTnO KOIICTllT}'UllOlIllOro npOCTp<lIICT-
Ba II KOHCTHT}'UIIOHHblii CYll PIP. nOCHmOlJJlCHIISI. Onpcllc.lcHIISI. 1992-19% I
CoeT. II OIu. pe.ll. MoplUaKona T.r. M., 1997. C. 596.
186 Pa3Ael\ II. 3aKOHOAaTel\bHoe peryl\l1pOnaHl-le rpaJKAaHCTBa B P<1>
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llepaUI1I1"I.
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K3IOWI1X 113 yqCTa TIIKOro COOTHOII/CHI15I 06!1J:IHHOCTCH (l>ellCp3.11bHbIX
opraHOB roCYJJ.apCTIICHHOH, npe)!(JJ.e BCero 3aKOHOllaTe.llbHOH, BJlaCTH.
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JJ.yeT HC 'ro.llbKO 113 'I. I 11 4 CT. 5, HO 11 113 'I. 3 CT. II. CT. 71, 73,
75 KOHCTl1ryUl111 P<D. BmKHoi1 cocTaIlllSlIOwcH o6wcro npHHUHna P3B-
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O'ICPC,L\b, HaJIaraCT Ha (IJCllCpaJIbHOro 3aKOHOJJ.aTCJl5I 06m3HHOCTb y'lH-
I C3 PIP. 1996. NQ 29. CT. 3543: BKC. 1996. NQ 4.
2 36Jeell b.C. KmlMcllTapui\ K IIOCTallOlUClIIlIO KOllcnUj'1II1011110ro Cj'"Ja PIP OT
15 1Il0ml 1996 r. NQ 16- n I KOoILlleJ/mapll/i K nI>CTdHOIJJ1CHH>lM KOHCTlIT}'UIIOHHoro
CYlla PocclliicKOi'l <1>e.acpaUIIII I nOil PC)]. 6.C. 303CC13a. T. I. M., 2000. C. 414-415.
fMBd 8. CDeAepdAbHoe 11 pecny6A11KaHCKOe rpa:>I\AdHCfBO B P<1> 187
TblIk1Tb pCr110H3.,lbHbIC OC06CHHOCTI1 KaK Hc06XOLUII\IOro YC.IIOBI1}1 co-
6JIIOllCHI1}I 6aH3Hca HHTepcCOB H BHellpcHHSI 06werocY1I3pCTBeHHbix
CTaimapTOB 130 BCex c(IJCpax >K113HellCHTCJlbHOCTH Cy6'bCKTOB PocCI1H-
CKOt'1 <De.JepaUlIH.
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UHI1 (-1M He 06.11311aIOT, H3pyuumo 61,1 KOHCTHT)'U110HHoe paBHonpamle
Cy6DCKTOB POCCI1HCKOH <DellepaUI1I1, C,L\C.II3.II0 6bI HeB03MO)!(HbI\1 ero ocy-
lUecmJIeHl1e B npl1HUl1ne, nOCKOJlbK}' cy6DCKT POCCI1HCKoH <DellepaUHI1.
He 06.11anaIOWHH cYBepcHlnCTOM, no CBQCI\-IY CTaT)'CY He !\IO)!(CT 6bITb paB-
liOnpaBHbI\1 CYIJCpcHHbIM rOCYlIapcTBOI\I.
I C3 P(/). 2000. NQ 26. CT. 3176.
188 Pa3Ael\ II. 3aKOHOAaTel\bHoe peryAl1pOnaHl-le rpaJKAaHCTBa B P<1>
B :nO\1 )!(e nOCT3HOfiJleHI111 KOHCTHT)'L\HOHHbl 1 CYil.OI\l P<D 6blJIa
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KOHCTI1T)'L\1111 P<D.
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lITO I1MeHHO 13 omy KOHCTI1T)'L\1111 P<D pccny6;lI1KI1 KaK Cy60CKTbl Poc-
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nO.llHoTOH rocyn<lpCTBCHHOH IlIlaCTI1 BHC npCnC.IIOB BCllCHI1H POCCI1MCKOH
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JI 'leCTHoro BCileHI1S1 - npOTI1IIOPC'II1T KOHCTI1T)'L\1111 P<D.
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Hml» OT 24 HOH6pSl 1995 r. NQ 14-n l 11 OT 22 HHB3PH 2002 r. no neJ1Y
o npOBcpKe KOHCTI1T)'L\110HHOCTI1 'I. 2 CT. 69, 'I. 2 CT. 70 11 CT. 90 KOH-
CTHT)'L\HH Pecny6.11I1KH T3T3pcr3H, 3 T3K)!(e n. 2 CT. 411 n. 8 CT. 21 33KOH3
Pecny6.11HKI1 T3T3pcr3H ,.0 Bbl60pax H3POllHblX nenyr3TOB Pecny6.11I1KI1
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.IIH'll1el\l pccny6.11I1K3HCKOro rpa)!(lJ.aHCTBa.
B nOCTaHOILleHl111 OT 24 HOH6pH 1995 r. KOHCTI1T)'L\HOHHblM CynoM
6blJl3 C<PoP IYJ1HpoBaH3 npaBOn351 n03HL\I1H, OlliOCSlUl<15ICSI He TOJIbKO K Bbl-
H)l)KD.eHHblM nepeCe.lleHL\aM 113 Pecny6.11I1KH CencpH3H OcCTI1H - AJI3HI1H,
3 11 ICIOUl3S1 06Ulee 3Ha'leHHe: Ha:lH'll1e pcrl1cTp<lL\1111 no Mecry nOCTOSIH-
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TC.IIcH He33BI1CI1\-I0 OT \-ICCT3 ero qJaKTH'lecKoro npO)!(l1lklHI1H 3 .
I C3 P(/). 1995. N.! 48. CT. 4692: BKC P<IJ. 1995. NQ 6.
2 C3 P(/). 2002. N.! 6. CT. 627.
J KO-It.lleIlJ1l{Jf!lIIi K nOCnUlOl!,1CHlI>l 1 KOHCTItT}'Ul10IUIOro Cyml Poccl1iicKOfj <!>cllcpa-
UlIlI. T. 2. C. 209.
fMBd 8. CDeAepdAbHoe 11 pecny6A11KaHCKOe rpa:>I\AdHCfBO B P<1> 189
B nOCT<lHOIlllCHI1I1 OT 22 }IHB<ip5I 2002 r. p3CCt.IaTPI1IJ<UJOCb nO;lO)!(C-
Hl1e KOHCTI11)'UI1I1 Pecny6;lI1KH TaT<ipCT3H, npellY0IaTPHllalOwee II Ka-
'Iccme YC.IIOBHH peaJIl13<1U1111 mlccHBHOro 1136I1p,HC.1bHOro npaB3 H3
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pecny6.11I1K3HcKoro rpa)!(ll<iHCTBa 11 nOCT05IHHOe npO)!(I1BaHI1C I1.11H pa60-
1)' Ha Teppl1TOpl1H llaHHoro 11:IDl1paTCJlbHoro oKpyra.
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Kl1e YC.IIOBHSI He MOry.- I1CKa)!«Hb KOHCTI11)'UI10HHble npl1HUl1nbI 113611pa-
Te.llbHOrO np3Ba, 3 TaK)!(e OTMeHSlTb H.III1 y laJ1S1Tb caMO npI1H3JlJ1e)!(awee
rpIDKll3HHHY POCCI1HCKOH <l>CllCP<lW'IH H3611p3TCJlbHOC np<lBO. YCT<lHOIllle-
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1998. N 30. CT. 3613: 2000. N2 33. CT. 3348: N2 46. CT. 4537.
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npH nmIOWII K3K I3IIYTpl1rocyaapCTBeHHblX, TaK M MC)I(.1YI 13pOlll 10-
npaBOBbIX cnoc060B.
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rp3)!(JlalICTBa, C03Il31OWCro IOpl1ilM'ICCKYIO HeOnpCilC.IICllIlOCTb 11 Hapy-
I C3 P(/). 1995. N! 31. CT. 2990.
2 XOIwap T YKd3. CO'I. C. 57.
3 X/HI Y.F. YKdJ. CO'I. C. 336.
4 '1epJ/II'IeJl/iO C. B. j],IIOtiItOC rpa>KJlalfCTIIO H npall.l 'IC. oIlCKa B KOlfTCKCTC IIJ<lHMOOT-
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6,lC\lbl rpa>Kllalfcma. M., 1995. C. 122, 128.
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6blTb IlanpaBJICllbl KaK 11<1 npCilOTBp3WCIII1C C.II} IaCB B03HI1KHOBCIII1H
JlBoi1Horo rp3)!(llaHCTlkl, TaK 11 H3 ypCry.lll1pOB3HI1C cro nOC.IICllcmHH.
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H npaBinC.IIbCmOM BHP, nOllnHC3HHblX B 3BryCTC 1957 r. 11 5lllIJapc
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ro roml BCC milia, C'II1TalOlltI1CCH OllHOBpcMCllilO K<IK rpa)!(llaIlaMI1
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KO.111131-1i1 3aKOIIOH 0 rpa)!(llaJlcmc, 1963 r.. malkl 1\ Crp3c6yprcKOi1
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HOM 06 ypcrY.lll1poBalll1H BonpoCOB llBOJ1HOro rpa)!(llaHCma OT 7 CCH-
T5I6p51 1995 r.
OcHOBbllkl51Cb Ha I1CTOpl1'ICCKI1X CB5I351X \-IC)!(llY rocYJlapcma\1I1, n.aH-
HblC 1l0roBOpbl 1l0nycKalOT COXp3llCIIHC npC)!(llcro rpa)!(llaHcma.
nOCKO.llbKY npl1 llBOi1HOM rJ)<1)!(llaiICTIJC ll.II5I OllHOro roCYJlapCTBa
rpa)!(llaHCTBO Jlpyroro IIC I1MCCT onpeJlC.II5IIOIHCro 3Ha'lCIII151. B JlOroBOpaX
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npl1 peWll13aUI111 np313 H 06H3aJIHOCTCH .11I1U C llBOtUlbl\1 rpa)!(llaHCTI30M.
I BedO.UOWIII BCPXOBIlOro COBCTa CCCP. 1958. N;> I; 1963. N;> 30.
fMBa 9. AooHHoe rpWf<AaHcrno
217
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I J1.0tluiJ P.. )/(o1xfJpe-CI/lIlt03u K. OcHOInlblC npaoofiblc CIICTCMhl COfipC lcIUlocnl. M..
1996. C. 13.
2 Sun.ly of thc Problcm of Multiplc Nationality Prcparcd by thc Sccrctatiat (14 May
1954) Docul11cm A/cn 4184 - Ycarbook of (hc Imcrmllional Law COll1l11is. ion. 1954.
Vol II. Ncw York. 1960. p_ 59_
3 EIO.Llemellb lc>K1l)'IIapollllblx iloroOOpoB. 1995. M 10.
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4 Be'}(}.I/O"'"1 BCPXOIIilOro COllcra CCCP. 1956. N2 1.4.7-9. 17.35; 1963. N230.
5 Bedo.I/OCIII/I BePXOllliOro COIICT'd PocCHHcKoH <1>Cl\CpaUlIII. 1992. N2 6. CT. 243;
1993. N2 29. CT. 1112.
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(1933). WI3C(1U3pHC(t (1937) H <DHHJlIIIIllHe(t (1939). MC)I(lJYllapOllHblC
lloronopbl Me)l(lJY OTilC.IIbHblMH enponenCKHMH CTpaH3MH - Wnei1uapHe(t
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I Eml{Jc ID.P. BOllpOCbl rpa>KJ13llCTl!a II \IC>KJ.lYllapoJ.UIO\1 IIpallC. M., 1986. C. 40.
2 Jal/owitz M. Mililar}' In tillltions and Citizcnship in Wcstcrn Sosictics /1 Armcd
Forccs and Society. 1976. Vol. 2. P. 185-204.
238 Pa3Ael\ II. 3aKOHOAaTel\bHoe peryl\l1pOnaHl-le rpaJKAaHCTBa B P<1>
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I n')'I/(J(1 D.ff. MC>KJI)TlapO!IIIOC 1)'MatnlT<lpIlOC "pallo: Y'lc61l11K JVIS! IIY3011. M., 1999.
C. 68-
2 Unilcd Nation Treatv Scrics. Vol. P. 173.
J Em/pc 10. P. YK<I3. C';'I. C. 103_
4 LCagliC of Nalion Thrcmy Serics. Vol. 178. P. 229.
fMBa 9. AooHHoe rpWf<AaHcrno
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II CTi.lTyca 1I1100000llUCl! B rOCYllapcIBaX CHr II 6a.1T11l1. XC,lbCIIIIKII. 1994. C. 48.
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CYilapCTIlO II npal!o. 1999. NQ 8. C. 82.
2 C3 PI!). 1998. NQ 38. CT. 4750.
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(npaKTIIKa II KOM 1cllrapllll). M. 6Y!lanclilT. 1997. C 7.
2 Marshall 1:/1. Cla Citizcnship .lIld Sosial Dcvclopmcnt (Univcrsity of CiC.lgO
Press). London. 1964. P. 92.
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I C L: MameplIlu," cC lmtapa no l!onpoca 1 rp,l>K1laIlCTlla.lI.aroMblc. M., 1993. C. 47.
2 C\I.: Billie/ill dcr Ellropaischcn Gcmcinschaftcn, Bcilagc 7/1975.
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3) pe6cHOK, Olll1H H3 pOlllHcnel'l KOTOpOro H 1eCT rpa)!(ilaHCTIJO POC-
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fMBa 10. npl106peTeHne rpWl<AaHClBa B PoccnHcKoH <DeAepaLjHI1 277
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13 rpa)!(ilaHCTI!O POCCHHCKOH <Pcn.cpaUHI1 13 ynpoLUcHHOM nOpR!J.KC npH-
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lJonpOCa 1I1 IJHYTPCHHHX llC.II, cro TeppHTOpH3.IIbHblMI1 opraH3MI1, 3 TaK-
)l(C <Pen.Cp3.llbHbIM opraHOM HCnOnHI1TC.IIbHOH BJlaCTH. IJCllaIOLUH 1 130-
npocaMH HHOCTpaHHblX n.C.II, H n.HflJIOM3T11'ICCKH\1H npen.CTamITC.IIbCT-
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10.10. ITpHo6peTeHHe rpa*AaHCTBa
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CYTb 113HHOfi <I)opl\lbi npH06peTCHHH rpmKll3HCTI33 3<IKJlIO'mCTCSI 13 TOM.
lITO rocyn.apcTlJo IO)l(CT 1J0CCTaHOIJHTb 13 rp3)!(il3HCTIJC ,1I1U. KOTOpblC
6bL1H nHWCHbl cro, a T3K)!(C TeX, KTO qJaKTH'ICCKH YTpaTI1.II nO;l n'HKO-
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mlTb rpmKJJ.aHCTIJO OllHOCTOpOHHHM 3KTOM, 13 3TOM C.IIY'l3c .11l1uy OCTaCT-
CSI comaCHTbCSI C IJOCCTaHORJlCHHCM .IIH60 OTKa3<lTbCSI OT :noro. On.HaKO,
1J031\10)!(HO, 'ITO IIJISI pen3TPHaUHH nOTpc6yCTcSI XOn.3TaHCTI30. B ::ITOM c.IIy-
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Y KOTOpblX rp3)!(ll3HCmO PocCl1ikKOfi <Dellcp3mm npCKp3nUlOCb B CBH-
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I ApaJ/olJcKlIli K.B. foc}'JlapcTBclIlIOC npaBO 3apy6e>KlIblX CTpall. M., 1999. C. 352.
fMBa 10. npl106peTeHne rpWl<AaHClBa B PoccnHcKoH <DeAepaLjHI1 279
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pl1lJaiOll/aSl o.nTaUHIO, Co.llep)!(HTCSI IJ CT. 21 «Bb16o.P rpa)KU3HCma npH
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HOCTb Bbl6o.pa rp3)!(JJ.3HCTB3 o.llHo.ro H3 llBYX roCYllapCTB BbITCKaCT JlHWb
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MO)!(eT ublcrynaTb o.CHo.Ualll1eM KaK IIJUI npHo.6pCTCHH I. TaK H IIJIH }'TPa-
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fMBa 10. npl106peTeHHe rpWI<AaHCIBa B POCCHHCKOH <DeAepaLjHI1 281
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nC'II1Te.%CTBO I1HOCTp3HHOro rpa)!(Jl3HI1H3, COXP3HHIOT rpa)!(Jl3HCTBO Poc-
CI1I1CKOH <Dellep3UHH.
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CTaTI1CTl1'lCCKI1X Il3HHbIX: IJ 1992-1993 rr. rpmKlUlHCTIJO POCCHH npl106-
pc.lll1 130 TbIC. 'leJlOBeK: IJ 1994 r. - 502 TbIC.; IJ 1995 r. - 563 TbIC.1
COL13CHO CBOIlHbIM craTHCTH'leCKI1M llaHHbIM 0 npl106pereHI111 rpa-
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,L\eHTe PeD, npl106pe.llH pOCCI1HCKOe rp3)!(JlaHCTBO: B 1992-1996 rr. -
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15%. 6o.llbllII1HCTIJO (30-36% DbIC3)!(3IOlliI-lX) 3<1K.,11O'131OT KOHTp3KTbi C3-
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'lI1&lTb HHTepecbl rOCYIl3pcTBCHHOH 11 H3W10HfulbHOH 6c30n3CHOCTI1.
B03HI1K3CT omlCHOCTb }'TC'IKI1 DOCHHbIX TCXHO.llomH 11 TCXHO.llOrl1M
,L\BoHHOro H33H3'1CHI15I, 6C31J03 1C311HOH nCpCIl3'1I1 I1HTC.II.IICKT)'fulbHOi.j
C06crBCHHOCTI1 H I1HHOIJ<IUI1H, pa3pa60TKa KOTOpbIX n01pe60Dfu13 OT
POCCI1I1 lH3'II1TC.IIbHbIX pCCypcOB. BpCMCHHblC 11 nOCT05IHHbIC MHrp3HTbI
I1MCIOT DbiCOKI1H 06pa30DaTC%HbIH ypODCHb, CpClll1 HI1X MHOro K3HJJ.11-
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YCX31J1lII1X Ha nOCTOIIHHOC MCCTO )!(I1TC.IIbCma D 1993 r. Y'ICHbIC 3<UIH.II11
TpCTbC Mccm 3 . B 1996 r. IlO.ll5I KaHIlI1lJaTOD HaYK CpCIlI1 DbI(3)!(alOlli11X H3
I Cmpmemo6o M. POCCltH " MC)Kn}'lIapoJlI10\1 TCXIIO,10rH'ICCKO\l 06 tCIIC II nOJllIT-
3KOIIOM. 1990. NQ 3.
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lfblX Ja py6c>KOM II llallllblC UCIITpa IICCiICilOll<lIl1tii U ClaTlICTlIKU lIaYKII MlIlllfaYKII
POCCIIII II PAH_ M.. I99K C. 34.
3 HapodoJ/(/celeJ/lie. 3Hl.lI'IKJ10nClllI'lcCKllii CJlOBapb. C. 540.
fMBa 11. npeKpaIl\eHHe rpa:>KAaHcrBa POCCI-1HCKOM <1>eAepaI-\HH 291
BPC\1CHHYIO p360ry 3a py6C)!( cocmmna 50,3%, B TO BpCMH K3K Cpclll1
I1CCJlCIlOJJaTCJlCH, 3amlTbiX B POCCHH, - 18,7%. .lLl 1 IlOKTOpOB HaYK TO
COOTIIOWCHI1C COCTallJlHJIO 19,9 11 3,7% COOTBCTCTIJCIIlIO I . 3apy6C)!(llbIC
I1CCJ1CIlOBaTC"bCKI1C ucm'Pbl IlpI1UJICK3IOT, IIpC)!(ilC BCCro, pOCCI1HCKHX
}"ICHbIX, CIlCUH,UJI13I1PYIOWHXCH B 06.1aCTI1 CCTCCTIJCHHblX HaYK, <IJH311-
KOB, MaTCMaTI1KOB, 6110.ll0roB 11 nporpm1MHCTOB. B HaUI10H<UlbHOH Jta-
60p3TOpHH YCKOplffC.IIcH I1MCHH <1>cPMI1 1l0CTillIHHO 11 110 BpCMCHHblM
KOHTpaKTaM pa60T3IOT 200 POCCIIJ:'ICKI1X <IJI13I1KOII 11 llPYrHX Y'ICHbIX.
JIb 06mcro KO.llI1'ICCTIk'1 y<JCHbIX (10 965), npl16bIB1lll1X B 1-13paH.IIb
Ha Ha'l,lHO 1996 r. 113 6blBWCro CCCP, a 33TC 1 113 POCCI1H, 52% co-
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12 - XI1MI1KH, 9% - IlpCIlCnIBHTC"11 rY 1aHI1TapHblx l!a)-X l .
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nOTCHumU3. Ml1rpaUI1H I1HTC.IIJlCKry3.,lbHOH 3.1HTbl 06bCKTI1BHa. ,L\3)!(C
:k'1KOHm1CIJlI3. Ho lV1H TOro, 4T06bl OHa HC npCBpaTI1J13Cb B orrrOK YMOB,
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BHH 3TOro COUH,lJIbHOro mj"lCHI1H Ha CYllb6y POCCI1I1, IlpC)!(ilC Becro
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,L\3HI1Ha POCCI1MCKOH <1>cIlcpaUI1I1 Ha BbIC311 113 POCCI1HCKoH <1>cIlcpaUI1I1
MO)!(CT 6bITb BpCMCHHO OrpaHI1'ICHO B CJlY'I<UIX, CC.III1 011 Ilpl1 IlOIlYCKC
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BOH 1l0roBOp (KOHTpaKT), IlpCllIlOJlarmowl1H BpC!\ICHHOC orp3HWICHHC
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CCKpCTIlblMH CBCllCHHHMI1, - IlO I1CTC'ICHI1 1 CpOK<I Orp3HI1'ICHIIH, YCT3-
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2 B.lacTb. 1997.]\Ii> 4.
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Bpc lcml CoI!CTCKOro CoI031». C\I.: [,W3be6 C. KUK no6ellllTb 6cilllOCTb B 6onlToH
CTpallc. TYJla, 2003. C. 4.
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UlHrc rocyilllpcTBCHHOi1 rnHHbl 0 TO 1, 'ITO CBCIlCHml oc060H Ba)!(HOCTI1
11.1111 CODCpWCHIIO CCKpcTHblC CDCllCHHH, D KOTOpblX rp:l)!(llalll1H 6bVl OC-
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.xIHHbIH B TpYllOBOM IlOlOlJOpC (KmrrpaKTC) CpoK OI'paml'ICH I 1 I1paBa Ha
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11.4. npeKpa eHHe rpiUKAaHCTBa
B £}>opMe BbI60pa rpiUKAaHCTBa (onTal.\llil)
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,L\3HI1H POCCHI1 I1pl1 I1JMCHCHI1H rocY1l3pcTIJCHHOH I1pI1H31IJ1C)!(HOCTI1 TCp-
pl1TOpl1l1, H3 KOTopoH OH I1po)!(I1Ik"lCT, Bbl6 lpacT I1HOC rpmKll3Hcmo.
B 3aKoHc 199] r. «0 rpa)!(ll3HCme PC<lJCP» OTIlCJlbHOH CTaTbl1, no-
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<1>eIlep3UI1I1. B 3aKOHC 0 rp3)!(ll3HCTBC K I1HblM OCHOIk"lHI1 I 1 10)!(110
fMBa 11. npeKpaIl\eHHe rpa:>KAaHcrBa POCCI-1HCK0I1 <1>eAepaI-\HH 293
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CCJII1 B cro llCi"ICWI1HX COllCP)!(11I"C 1 COCTi1l3 IIpec rY"JICHI1H.
B OT.IIH'lI1e OT I1pellblJlywero 3aKOHa 0 rpa)!(ilaHCTBe, HOpM3 33KOHa
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I1poWCCTBl111 KOTOpOro poCCI1MCKOe rp3)!(il3HCTBO. nO.ll}"leHHoe 113)!(e H3
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11.6. AHrneHHe rpiUKAaHCTBa
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.IICHI1I1 1lJ..1)!(JlaHCTIk1 11 .11I1WCHI1CM rpmKlk1HCTIJ<1: OTMCHY PCWCHHSI 0 npc-
1l0CTallJ1CHI111 rp3)!(ilaHCTlk1 MO)f(HO p3CCMaTpl1B3Tb K3K pa3HODl1)1HOCTb
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mUICTlk1 B 3apy6e)!(HbIX CTpmlaX. B\ICCTC C Te 1, HC.IIb351 OTO)!(JJ.CCTlIJUlTb
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Be J3Py6C)!(llb1X roCYIl3pCTB.
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I fU,10fJKU A.A. lJCJlOBCK, JIlI'1lI0CTI" rpa>Kl!allllll. \1JIIICK, 1982. C. 30.
fMBa 11. npeKpaIl\eHHe rpa:>KAaHcrBa POCCI-1HCK0I1 <1>eAepaI-\HH 295
opraHOB. BllcpBble T<iKI1C OCHOIk"lHHH YCT<iHOBH 1 33KOH 0 rp<i)!(lJaJICTBC
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I Lochan WB., Kamisal' Y., a/opel' J./J., ShiffriJl 5./1. Constitutioh.t1 Law. St. P.ud,
1986. P. 157.
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I C I.: Coeollllelilible WTaTbl A\1CPIIKH: KOHCTIIT}'UIISJ II J.IKOHOil.lTCJlbllbIC UKTbl. M.,
1993. C. 347-348.
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CKOI i <1>ellepaUHH BbllUJll1: B \992-\996 rr. - 7\ 5004e.ll., B \997 r. -
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He npI1HI1 meTC5I K p<1ccMOTPeHI1IO 3<151BJ1eHl1e 06 113MeHeHI111 rp3)!(-
113HCTU3 .IIHU3, YllocTollep511OIllero CBOIO .IIH'IHOCTh H rp3)!(llaHCmO 1l0KY-
MeHTOM, BbUl3HHbiM B CB5I311 C ero CJ1y)!(e6HOH lle5lTCJ1bHOCTblO, II TOM
'II1C.IIC c,ly)!(c6HbIM n3CnOpTO\1, 11l1n,10M3TI1'ICCKI1M n3CnOpTO\1 I1.Jll1 n3C-
nOpTOM -IOp511«1. B CJ1}"l3e 113MeHeHH5I J3!lBI1TCJ1eM CBoeH t)JaMI1.11I1H,
I1MCHI1 11.1111 OT'ICCTII3 II nO. IIOMO'lHbIH opraH. UC1l3101lll1H llC.II3MI1 0 pOC-
CI1HCKOM rJXI)!(llaHCmC, npCllOCTaUJUlCTC5I Konml CUHllCTCJ1bCTBa 0 ncpc-
MCHC t)J3MI1.III1I1, I1MeHI1 11.1111 0T'leCTII3.
BMCCTC C 3351lli1CHI1CM U OllHOM 3K3CMnJUIpc npcllCTaBJI511OTC5I:
. 1l0KyMeHTbl, nOllTBCp)!(llalOWl1e H3.II11'lI1e yCT3IIOBJICHHbIX 3aKOHOM
o rpIDKllaHCTBC OCHOB3III1H 11 C06.11I011CHI1C YCJlOBI1H np1106peTCHI151
IUI1 npeKp31llCHmi rpa)!(ll3HCTIk1 POCCI1HCKOH <DellcpaUI1I1;
. Tpl1 <PoTOrpa<)JI1I1 pa3McpO 1 3 x 4 C 1 3a5lUHTC.151 .111160 .11I1U3, U OT-
HOWCHI1I1 KOTOpOro nOllaCTC5I 3<I5IIJ.IICllI1e;
. KBHT3HUI151 06 orn3Te roCY1l3pCTBelIHOH nOUl.;ll1Hbl 11.1111 KOHCY.IIb-
CKOro C60p3.
rMBa 12. iWn1lll-lC1lxHWJHo-npaBOBOe pelYN1pOBdHHe rpdJKAdHCl1Jd PeD 313
B C.II}"l3e 113 leHeHl1H rp3)!(llaJlcm3 pe6eHK3 R R03paCTe OT \4 n.o
]8.oeT npC,L\CTaB.n5leTC5I ero nl1Cb leHHoe COL 3CHe. T3Koe COL13CI1e n.3-
CTnl U flpo11300.llbHOH (IJOPMC. nOlVll1HHOCTb flOllnl1CI1 pe6cHKa YliOCTO-
nepHCTcH HOTapHanbHoH Jafll1CblO J1H60 flOllnHCblO 1l0.ll)!(IIOCTHOro .IIHU3
11 nC'I3TblO flOJlHOMO'IHOro opraH3 B npI1C)'TCTBI1I1 PC6CHK3.
}lo;l)!(IIOCTHOe .11I1UO 06!13<1110 03H3KOMHTb 33111J rre.llII, I1MCIOWCro
n.CTeH, C flOJlO)!(eHI1HI\II1 CT. 24 11 25 33KoHa 0 rpa)!(ll<llICTUC 11 UbmCIUITb
cro MHCHI1C 06 113MCHCHI111 rp3)!(ll3Hcm3 llCTCi-L
Opl1rl1llWl npe,L\"b!IB.II5ICI\IOro 3351UI1TeJ1CM 1l0K}'I\ICHTd. YllOCTOBCPlllO-
wero ero .11I1'IHOCTb (n3CnOpT 11 (l1;lH) mill H3 )!(I1TeJlbCTRo), nOlVle)!( IT
n03Bp3l)'. K 3a5lB.lleHI1IO npl106WaeTcsI KOnl151 3TOro n.OKY\-IeHTa, COOT-
neTCTUHe KOTOpOH OpHrHHany npoRep5leTCII n.OJl)!(IIOCTHbIM JlHUOM 11 3a-
nepHCTC5I em flOn.flHCblO 11 fle'I3TblO flOJ1HOMO'IHOro opr3H3. Komll1 n.PY-
rHX He06xon.I1Mb1X llOK}' -IeHTOB, npen.CTaMeHHbIX :kl51RI1Te.lle -I. n.O.ll)!(llbl
6bn b YllocmucpeHbl U COOTUCTCTBUH C POCCHHCKUM JaKOHon.aTCJlbCTlJOM
o HOTapI13Te.
33HB.IICHHC .lIOJl)!(HO 6blTb COCTaB.IICHO H3 PYCCKOM 513bIKC. Bcc flpCll-
CTdlJJUlCMblC UMCCTC C JaHB.IICHI1CI\I 1l0KY ICHTbl, UblflOJlHeHHblC He H3
PYCCKOM SI3blKC, flOllJlC)!(3T nepeBOn.y H3 PYCCKHi-"t 513blK. BcpHOCTb nepe-
BO.lIa Jl1160 nOlVll1HHOCTb nO,L\nI1CI1 ncpCBon.'.lI1K3 1l0mKH3 yn.OCToncPSlTb-
C5I HOmpl1<UJbllOH 33f1I1CblO.
33S1MeHl1e C'II1T3eTC5I npI1H5ITbl 1 K p3CC IOTPeHI1IO co ml51 non.3'111
:kl51Bl1TeJleM Bcex He06xon.I1Mb1X 11 H3JJ..lle)!(3WI1\-I 06p330\-I O<PoP I.IICHHbIX
1l0KY\-IeIITOR C J1H'IHOH non.fll1CblO 33SlRl1Te.ll51 11 ltaTOii. 33HMCHI1e 11 n.o-
KYMeHTbl, o.popM.IIeHHble HeH31Lle)!(3WI1 1 06P330M, He npI1HI1 mIOTC5I
K paCC -IOTPCHI1IO 11 U03UP3W31OTCII JaIIlJI1TCJIIO.
npeilCTaBJICHI1C 33SlBHTe.IICM flOllJlO)!(llblX 1l0K}'MCIffOB H.HH coo6weHl1e
.II0)!(llblX cuen.cllI1H SIB.IISICTnl OCHOBaHl1eM lVIH OTKJ10HeHI1!I :k1SlImeHI1!I.
[JOPROO1( paCCJKOmpell/IJ/ 3aJl6.:fell/lU no 60npoca..u paJICOallCm6a
B 3aKoHc 0 rp,\)!(ll<ll-ICTUC POCCl1i1cKOi-"t CDcllepaUHI1 1991 r. 6bLl0 ycm-
HOMCHO lID3 p33JIH'IHbIX nOplUlK3 paCCMOTPCHl1!1 BonpocOB rp<DKD.aJICTB3:
. B flopSUlKe pemCTp3UI111 (B ynpoweHHOM nOp5l1lKe):
. no X01l3T3i-"tCTB31\1 (B OCTdJlbHblX c.II)"lmlx).
B pemCT\XIUI101IHm-l flOpll1lKC nOJ-.taBa;lI1Cb 3<UllJJleHI1!I, KOTOpblC BMC-
CTe C npIU3raIOWI1 II1C5I K He IY 1l0KY\-ICIITal\ll1 paCCI\I3Tpl1lk1JII1Cb COOT-
neTCTUYIOWI1MI1 Oprml3MH MI1I-II1CTCpCma !JI-IYTPCHHHX lle.ll PeD, 3 33 flpe-
n.eJ13MI1 POCCl1ikKOH C1>en.ep3UHI1 - KOHCY.IIbCKI1MI1 }"lpe)!(,L1eHHHMI1.
B C.II)"I351X, He flOllnaaalOWI1X non. pemCTp3U110HHbli-"t flOp5ln.OK,
04JOPI\\;lSI,1I1Cb x01l3Tai-"tCTB3. KOTOpblC BMeCTC C 3aKJIIO'ICHHmIH Teppl1-
TOpl1W1bHblX opraHOB eDC6 POCCI1I1 Il3npaM5I I1Cb COOTneTcmYIOWH m
opraJl3MI! MB}l cy61>eKTOB POCCI!ikKOH <Den.epaUI1I1 U MB}l POCCI1I!,
KOTopoe, B CROIO O'lepellb, H3np3B.M1.II0 Bce M3Tepl1W1bl co CBOI-IMI1 33-
314 Pa3Ael\ II. 3aKOHOAaTel\bHOe peryl\l1pOnaHl-le rpaJKAaHCTBa B P<1>
Ki11O'ICHI1CI\! U KOMI1CCI1IO 11 <DCE>. npCllCTdIJJ15lUWYIO cuoc 33K.i11O'ICHI1C
HenocpcllcmeHHO B KOMI1CCI1IO.
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)Kell 6blJI IIpcUbIwm b 6 MecllUcu, 3 X0113TJikl U - 9 ofCClIUCU.
3aKoH 0 rp3)Kll3HCTBC POCCI1HcKOH <Dc11cpaUI1I1 2002 r. H3MCHH.II
nOpl1J10K 11 CpoKI1 np0I13UOllCTU<1 no 11eJl3 1 0 poCCI1HCKOM rp3)Kll3HCTUC,
COXpaHI1B npH 3Tmof 06UIHH H ynpmuellHbIi:'1 nopmJ.OK npl1eM3 B rp3)!(-
113lICTIJO.
BonpocbI, CBm3Hlibie C npl1lUlTI1CM pcweHl1!1 06 ynpolUcHHOM no-
p5l11KC npl106pCTCHHSI rp<l)KllaHCm3 POCCI1HCKOH <DellcpaUI1I1 no Me)KllY-
H3pOlllibIM 1l0roBopaM, PCW310TCII B COOTl!eTCTBHI1 C pocCl1ikKH\of J3KO-
H0113TeJlbCTBmof 0 rpa)Kll3HCTBe 11 cywecmYIOlJ.HIMI1 Me)KllYH3pollllbI 1I1
1l0roBOpal\lH.
npl1 p33peweHI1H BonpocOB rp3)f(!J.aHCTBa D OllioweHHH HecoBepweH-
HOJICTHI1X 11 HCllcecnoc06Hblx .11I1U npl1 OTC)'fClUI1I1 Ol1HOro POllHTCJl51 llPY-
roH pOlll1TeJ1b npellCTaBJI5lCT 3<"UIfu1eHHe, COCTaBJIeHHOC D npoH3BO.llbHOH
(!JOpMC, Y11OCTOBepcHiloc "lI1'IHOH nODJlI1CblO, C.ae.H3HHOH D npl1cyTClUI1H
110Jl)!(IIOCTHOro 1I11I1a, npHll5IBlI/ero 3<"l5lBJIelll1e, B KOTOpO 1 3<"UIBI1TeJlb 110;1-
)!(CH OTpa311Tb <JklKT cuocro 03H3KO\meHI1!I co CT. 22 «<OcHOIk1HI151 OT\leHbI
PCWCIIHH no uonpOC3M rpa)KllaJlCTU3 POCCI1I'kKOH <DCllCP3UI1I1") 11 41
(<<Pa3pewcllHe cnopoB 0 rp3)f(!J.aHCTBe pe6eHKa 11 HC,L\cecnoc06Horo JlHua»)
3aKoH3 0 rpmKllaJlCTUC POCCI1HCKOH <De,L\CP3U11I1.
COrJIacl1e J3111ITepccoB3HHbIX JII1U H3 npl106pCTeHHc WII1 IlpeKpa-
WCHI1C rpmK.a3HCTlkl POCCI1HCKOH <DcllcpaUI1I1 D npcllYC\IOTpeHHbIX 33-
KOHOM CJI)"IaSlX 113CTCII U nHCbMeHiIOM UI111C, nOllHHHHOCTb nOlllll1CCH
YK333HHbIX .11I1U YllOCTODCpSlCTC5I HOT3pl13.%Hbl\lI1 3<lnI1C5IMI1. nODJII1H-
HOCTb nOllnl1CCH J1HU, npO)!(I1UalOWl1x Ja npellC.IIaMI1 POCCHi:'IcKOH <De-
11Cp3UHI1. Y11ocToBep5leTc5I ynomlol\!o'leHHblM H3 TO llOJl)!(HOCTHbIM .1111-
UOI\! 11I1fUlOMaTI1'ICcKOro npellCTdUJITe.llbCma I1Jll1 KOHCYJ1bCKOro Y'lpe)!(-
11eHI1!I POCCI1HCKOH <De11ep3UI1I1, H3X01l5llW'IXC5I 33 npelle.ll3MI1 POCCHH-
CKOH <DcllcpaUI1I1.
<DOpM3 3aIIBJICHI151 11 nepe'leHb YK<13bIB3CMbIX D 33lllJ.11CHHI1 CBCllCHHM
11 He06xoj].I1 lbIX 110KYMeHTOB npl1MeHI1Te1bHO K KOHKpenlbl 1 OCHOIk1-
HI1511\1 npl106peTCHI151 IUlH npCKpaWCHI151 rp3)Kll3Hcm3 POCCI1HCKOM <Dc-
11ep3UI1I1 onpe11e.lleHbI nO.llO)!(eHl1eM 0 nOpH1J.Ke p3CCMOTpeHI151 IJOnpo-
COD rpa)Kll3HCTlkl POCCI1MCKOH <DcllcpaUI1I1, D KOTOpOI\l YCT3HOIL1CHO,
'ITO 3<"l5lBJIellHe COCTaBJI5lCTC5I no (l>opMe. COOTBeTCTBYlOllieM KOHKpenlblM
OCHOlklHI151M npI106pcTCHI151, npeKpaweHI151 11.1111 O<Pop mCHHSI rp3)KllaH-
CTU<I POCCI1HCKOH <DcllcpaUHI1. Hc06XOlll1 10 OT\ofCTI1Tb. 'ITO, U OT.III1'IHC
OT paHee llcHcTBOlklDWCro 3aKOH011aTe.llbCTlkl 0 rpa)Kll3HCme, DncpDbIC
<PoPMa 3351lJ.11CHI1H ypcry.lll1pOD<ma D 3aKOH011aTC;lbHOI\I nOp5l1J.KC (npl1-
JIO)!(CHHSI N!! 1-7 K nOJIO)!(eHHlo). PaJlee (IJOpl\lbI J3!IUJleIIl1M (xo1J.a-
T3HCTD) .11I1U, npO)!(I1U<.lIOWI1X H3 TCppl1TOpl111 POCCI1HCKOH <DcllcP3UI1I1,
rMBa 12. iWn1lll-lC1lxHWJHo-npaBOBOe pelYN1pOBdHHe rpdJKAdHCl1Jd PeD 315
YCTaI13lJ.11l1B<lilHCb npl1K333MI1 MBll POCCI1I1. CoOTUCTCTIJyIOWI1C .pOpMbl
J3S1lJ.11CHHH (xo1l3TaHcm) JII1U, npo)!(I1BaBWI1X 33 npelle.ll3MI1 Poccm-I,
YCT'dH3lJ.11I1BaJlI1Cb 11l1pCKUIBHbIM nI1Cb lO\1 MI-111 POCCI1I1, HC HOCSlWH\1
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$IB;lSlCMbIX 1l0JI)!(HOCTHOMY JII1UY nOJIHOMO'IHoro oprmm, Be1l31Owcro
llen3 UI 0 rp3)!(ilaJlcme, YllOCTORep5llOIJIHe em .IIH'IHOCTb, H3. I1'lI1e rpa-
)l(LJ3HCm3 .111160 em OTcyrCTI!I1e, a T<1K)!(e 1l0KY ICHTbl. nOllTBCp)!(llmOWI1C
MeCTO )!(l1Te.llbCm3 3aHBHTeJlSI. npl1 3TOM npCll"bHBJlCHI1!I 1l0KYMeIITOR,
YllOCTOBepmOWHX rp3)!(llaHCTBO 33HBI1Teml 11 nOllTBep)!(llaIOWHX em MC-
CTO )!(l1TeJlbCTR3, HC Tpe6YCTC5I, CC.IIH 3TI1 CRClleHml COllCp)!(aTCH B 1l0KY-
MellTe, YllOCTOBep5llOweM 'I11'IHOCTb 3351BI1Te.ll5l, 3 I1MeHHO B n3cnOpTe
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flpul!.JU 6 lpUJlCOallCm60 POCC/lUCICOU Cbeoepau./I/I 6 06W,l!.JU nopROICe
nOnO)!(CHHC YCTaJI<IIIDI1B3CT ncpC'ICHb llOK}'\lCHTOB. npCllCT3M5ICMblX
3<'151 BI1TeJleM , npl1MeHI1TeJlbHO K KOHKpCTHblM OCHOIk'lHI151M 113MCHeHI151
rp3)!(llaHCTB3.
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J-lbl 1I1 rpa)!(ll3H3MI1 H .11I1U3MI1 6e3 rp3)!(ll3HCTBa, 1l0CTI1rWI11\IJ1 B03pac-
T3 18 .IICT 11 06.11a1l31OWI1 1I1 llcecnoc06HoCTblO) npl1 n01l3'IC 33HMCHI1!1
o npl1C\IC B rp3)!(ll3HCTBO POCCI1i-"tCKOH <Dellcp3UI1I1 B 06weM nopHllKC.
SIB;15lIOTCH:
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6yeTC5I OT .11I1U, I1MelOWHX CTaryc 6e)!(eHua H3 Teppl1TOpl1H Poc-
CI1HCKOi-"t <Dcllep3UI1I1. ,allH J1I1U, npH6bIRIJ1HX H PoccHikKYIO <De-
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CpoK npO)!(I1B<II-111SI H:! TCPP'-ITOPI1I1 PoccHikKOf! <Dellcp3UI1I1 I1C-
'1I1C.II5ICTC5I co 111151 pemCTp3UHH no !\leery )!(I1TeJlbCTIk'l H3 Teppl1-
TOpHI1 POCCI1i1CKOH <DellcpaUI1I-1 11 nOll.TBep)KU3CTCH n3cnOpTOM
rpa)!(ll3HI1H3 CCCP 06p3Jua 1974 r. C OT\-ICTKOH 0 113Te pemCT-
P3UHI1 HJ1H CBHllCTe.lbCTBOM 0 pell1CTp3UHlI 110 MeeT)' )!(I1TeJlbCTB3
1m Teppl1TOpl111 PoccHikKoi-"t <Dcllcpamm, Bbl1l3HHOMY K 1l0KY-
MCIIT)', YllocTOBep5llOweMY J1H'IHOCTb 11110CTpaJIHom rp3:JKLI3m-1H3,
C nOMCTKOH 0 lIaTe BbI1l3'1I1;
. Olll1H HJ 1I0KYMCHTOB, nOllTBep)!(ll3IOWHX H<iJ1H'II1C JaKOIIHOI"O HC-
TO'IHI1K3 CpCllCTB K CYWCCTBOBaJ-II1lO. 1-1\111 MOIYf 6bITb: cnpaBK3
o IlOX01l3X <)JH311'leCKom J1HU3, lI.eK.n3p3UH5I no Im.10raM H3 110-
XOllbl <)JH311'ICCKI1X JII1U C OD-leTKOH H3JIOI"OBorO oprmm, cnp3BK3
C I\1CCT3 p36OTbl, TPYllOB351 KHI1)!(K3, nCHCI10HHOC YllOCTOBepCHI1C,
cnpaBK3 opr3H3 COUI1<iJlbHOi-"t 33W ITbJ 0 nOJ1}"leHHI1 noc06l1SI,
nOllTOCp)!(lleHl1e nOJ1}"leHI1!I 3.111 leHTOB, cnpaRK3 0 H3.'I11'1I111 BKJl3-
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11.3 R Kpcll.l1nlO 1 }"lpC)!(JJ.CHI1H I..' YKa3aHI1CM HO\ofep3 C'ICTa, CRHlI.C-
TC.IIbCTOO 0 np31JC H3 H3C.IIeJJ.CTUO, Cnp<IIJKa 0 1l0X01l.3X .11l1ua, lIa
l1)!(,Lll1Belll1l1 KOTOporo HaxOll.l1TCH 3<".l5IDI1TeJlb, .111160 I1HOfillOK}'MCHT,
nOll.TBep)!(JJ.alOlllHH nO.ll}"leHl1e 1I.0XOllOR OT He 3anpcllleHilOH 3aKO-
HOI\I llCSlTeJ1bHOCTI1;
. .aOKYMCHT. no.rI.TBep)!(JJ.3101IlI1H 06p3lUeHI1e 3<'lHBlne,lH 06 OTK33C
OT 11\IClOlllerocH I1HOro rpa)!(JJ.3Hcm3 11.1111 HCB03MO)!(HOCTb OTK33a
OT I1Horo rpa)!(JJ.3HCTB3. KOTOpblM IIDJlHCTCH COOTBeTCTBYIOlllHH
1l0KYMCHT llHruIOl\laTl1'lecKoro npcllCTaBI1TC.IIbCTlJ3 I1Jnl KOHCYJlb-
CKOro }"lpe)!(JJ.eHHH HHOCTp311110ro roCY1I.3pCm3 R Poccl1ikKOH
<DellcP3UI1I1 J11160 Konl1Sl 06p3111CHI1S1 3<1HBI1TC,lH B ::ITO 1I.11f1.110M3-
Tl1'leCKOC npCllCTaBI1Te.llbCTlJO H1H KOHCY.IIbCKOC }"lpc)!(JJ.cl-IHe 06
OTK3JC OT I1MelOlllcrocSI IHOro rpa)!(JJ.3Hcm3 I..' HOTapH3.%HO 3<'lIJC-
peHHoH nOllnl1CblO 3<1HBHTeJUI. B CJl}"me I13np3MeHI1H 06p3111e-
HI1H B 1I.I1fLl0MaTI1'ICCKOC npCllCnml1TC,lbCTOO IUI1 KOHCY.IIbCKOC
}"lpe)!(JJ.CHl1e no nO'lTe npeJJ.CT<UJJUlCTCII TUK)!(C KBI1TaIlUHSI 0 3UKU3-
HOM nO'ITOBOM OTnp3MCHI1I1. npcllcTaRJleHl1e 1l0KYMCHTa 06 OT-
K33e OT 11 lelOllleroC!I I1Horo rp3)!(JJ.3HCTIk'l He Tpe6yeTC!I, eC.II11
33HBI1TC.IIb COCTOI1T D rp3)!(JJ.3Hcmc rocym.lpcTIk'l, C KOTOpbI 1 CY-
lllccmycT MC)!(JJ.YHUpollHbIH 1l0roOOp POCCHficKOH <Dell.Cp-dUI1I1, npc-
llYCM3TpIHJ<IIOUlHH D03\-IO)!(I-10<..1b coxpUHeHI111 l1\ofCIOII/CroCII 11110ro
rpa)!(JJ.3Hcm3 npH npH06pCTeHI111 rpa)!(JJ.3HCTB3 POCCHftCKOfi <De-
llepaUI1I1. npellCTaMeHl1e YK333HHOro 1I.0K}'MellTa He Tpc6yeTC!I
TaK)!(C OT .11I1U, KOTOpbIM npcllOCTaMCHO nO.llI1Tl1'lCCKOe y6e)!(I1111C
IIC Teppl-ITOpHH Poccl1f1cKoH <DellepuuHH, 11 .11I1U, I1MelOLUl1X CTaryc
6e)!(eHU3 H3 Teppl-ITOpl111 Poccl1f1cKoH <DellepaUHH.
3asIBI1Te.llb nlK)!(e npcllCT<UJ.IIlleT 1l0KY!\ICHT, nOllTBep)!(JJ.UlOlllHH ero
lil311CHI1C PYCCKHM SI3bIKOM H3 YPODHC, 1l0CT3TO'IHOM 11..;1$1 06111eHI1SI
R YCTiIOH 11 nl1cbMcHHOH C!>Op!\lC R YC.IIOBlmx mblKoRoi.j CPCll.bI. BJl311e-
HI1C PYCCKH 'I mblKOM 113 YK333HIIOM YPORIle nOllTBep)!(JJ.3eTC!I OlllUIM 113
CJ1CllYlOllll.IX 1l0KY!\IeH roB:
. 1l0KYI\ICilTOM rOCY1l3pCTDCHHOro 06PU3U3 0 nOJ1}"ICIII1I1 06P:.130B3-
HI1SI (He HH)!(C OCHODHOro 06111Cro 06p330D3HI1!1), DbUJ,3HHbI\1 06-
p3JOB3TCJlbHbl\1 Y'lpC)!(JJ.CHI1CI\I (OPrdHI13UUl1cH): 11.0 I celITSl6pSl
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n. I.J1C5! Ha Teppl1TOpl111 PC<DCP 11 COCTOH.II B rpa)!(JJ.aHCTBC CCCP
B npolll.llml, HRJlHCTCH n3cnopT rpmKllaHHH3 CCCP 06pa3U3 1974 r.,
B KOTOpbJi1 BHCCCHW COOTBCTCTBYIOWI1C CIJC11CHH51;
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. HeTPymxnoco6Hoc JIl1UO, Hl\ICIOWCe 11cecnoc06Hblx CblH3 11.1111 l1O'lb,
n.OCTHrlllI1X 1J03paCTa 18 .IICT H COCT05lWHX B poccHHcKOM rp3)!(-
jl,IIICTIJC. npC11CTaRJI5lCT CBHllCTC%CTBO 0 po)!(JJ.eHI1I1 H nacnopT
rpa)!(JJ.3HI1H3 Poccl1ikKOli <l>e11epaUHI1 CblH3 11.1111 110tlepH, a TaK)!(e
Ol1l1H H3 n.OKY leHTOB. n011TBep)!(JJ.3IOWHX HerpY11ocnoc06HOCTb
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HHe (n.HH MY)!(tIl1H, n.OCTl1rlllI1X B03p3CT3 65.11eT, .lI.J1H )!(eHWI-IH -
60 .IICT), cnp3BK3 06 HHBaJlI11lHOCTI1. BbLU3HHa51 Y'lpe)!(JJ.CHHCM ro-
cY11apcmeHHoi-j cny)!(6bl Men.I1Ko-cOUl1aJ1bHoi-j 3KCnepTI13bl);
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OCHOBaHI1H tl. 3 CT. 143aKoHa:
. nacnopT rpa)!(JJ.aHI1Ha CCCP 06pa3U<1 1974 r. C OTMCTKOi1 0 perH-
crpaUlHl no Mecry )!(I1Te.llbCTBa no COCrOHHl11O Ha I I1IO.IIH 2002 r.,
1160 110KYMCHT, Y110CTOlJCpHIOIllHH .11I1'IHOCTb HHOCTP3HHOro rpa-
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TBcp)!(JJ.alOwHx 1J.,1MCHI1e PYCCKI1M 5!3bIKOM, ccnH 33HBI1TC.IIb HC
322 Pa3Ael\ II. 3aKOHOAaTel\bHOe peryl\l1pOnaHl-le rpaJKAaHCTBa B P<1>
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K33C OT MMCIOWCroC51 rpmKil3HCTB3, 3 npM Hc06xonl1\lOCTM -
11 KBinaHUHIO 0 3aK33HOM nO'ITOBOM OTnpaBJIeHI1I1, 3a I1CKJlIO'le-
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;11160 pa3peWeHI1e H3 BpeMeHHoe npO)!(IIBaHHe B POCCI1HCKOH
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llaHCTB3, nO.llO)!(CHI1C pCr.llaMCHTIlpYCT nOpSlJlOK npl106pcTCHHSI POCCI1H-
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Ta PocCllficKOii <1>cllcpaUHII. 1992. NQ II. CT. 521; NQ 24. CT. 1292; NQ 34. CT. 1966
II 1976; 1993. NQ 10. CT. 359; NQ 14. CT. 486; NQ 32. CT. 1236.
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CKOM <l>ellepaUI1H Ha OCHOIk1.HHH CT. 15 3aKoHa (np UlO)!(CHHe NQ I K
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CT05lTb B rp3JK1laHCTlIe POCCl1ikKOM <]:>e11ep3W1I1.
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npl1 n01l3'IC 3a5lBJICHI151 0 npH06pCTCHHI1 poCCI1BCKOro rpa>KaaHCTlla
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ynpolllcHHOM nOp5l11KC npl106pCTCHH5I pOCCI1HCKOrO rp3>KaaHCTIk1. .11I1U3-
MI1, npH6blllLlll1MI1 Ha nOCT05[HHOC )!(I1TC.IIbCTIIO Ha Tcpp rrOpl1IO Poc-
Cl1i1cKOH <l>ellcpaUl1H, npC.JCTIU!JUlIO.rC51:
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CTpaHHoro rpmKllaHHH3, .111160 pa3pcLllCHI1C I1a IIpcMCHHOC npO)!(I1-
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>Ka3HCma PoccHi1cKoi1 <l>en.cpaUHH (pa3LlC.II III nO.llO)!(CHI151). TaKOC
YCTaHOBJICHI1C nonHOCTblO cOL1acYCTc51 C nO.10)!(CHHSI 1I1 MC>KaYH3pOn.-
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1m). n011nJ1Cb pOlll1Ten5l, llaBllIcro TaKOe Cor.llaCl1e, YllOCT0I3CP5[CTC5[ HO-
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npl1 BbIXOlle 113 pocCI1HCKOrO rpa)!(1l3HCTIX1 Ha OCHOl3aHMI1 'I. ] CT. 26
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3,IKJlIO'ICHI1C }'TBCp)!(JJ.<lCTCH (n011nIICblB<lCTCSI) PYKOB0lll1TC.IICM nO,lHO-
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06 113MCHCHHI1 rpa)!(JJ.aHcTBa B 06WC\1 nOp!I1lKC B nOllHO\10'IHblX lIJen.c-
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HblX npalklX or 19 D.eKa6p!l ]966 f.
3. Me.JJa)YllopoOllbili naKT 0 rpa)!(JlaHCKHX 1.1 nOJlIITII'ICCKI'IX npallax or
16 .1lcKa6pSJ 1966 r.
4. KOlleellllllJl 0 nOJ1l1TII'ICCKIIX npalklX )!(eIlWIIH or 31 Mapra 1953 r.
5. KOIl6elll(IIJi 0 rp3)!(JJ.aIlCTlIC 3i\MY)!(IICrl )!(ClllUllllbl OT 20 <IJCIlP<l.;1SI 1957 r.
6. KOllflellllllJl 0 npalk1X pc6cHKa or 1989 f.
7. K0116ellllllJl 0 ..IaIUIITC npall 'ICjjOlICKa 1.1 OCIIOIlHblX CB06oD. or 4 HOSI6-
pi! 1950 r.
8. KOll6ellllllJl 0 cOKpmllclIlIH 6c3rpa)!(J.lallCrfkl OT 30 anryCTa 1961 r.
9. KOlleellllllJl 0 CTa1)'CC anaTpHIlOB or 24 CCIITSi6pH 1954 r.
10. K01I6elll(IIJi 0 CTaT}'ce 6e)!(CHUCB or 28 IIIO.11SI ] 951 r.
] I. DlponelicKGJI KOIIBCHIUUI 0 rpa)!(Jl,IIICTBC OT 7 HOSl6pSI 1997 r.
12.l1e/(.mpG/(IIJi 0 TCppUTOPIl,l%HO\1 y6e)!(I1I1/C OT 14 !lcKa6pSJ 1967 r.
13. Me.J/mYlloporJIIOJI KOHllCHl.lHSI 0 .IIHKIUmal.lHII IIcex <lJOpM pacolloi-i D.HC-
KPmmHaUHH OT 7 \l3pra 1966 r.
14. 0 C02,1aC(}(JallllbIX npHHUl1ImX perYJlllpoBamm rpmK.llaHCTB<L PCKO ICH-
.1IaTCJlbHbli.j 3<1KOHOD.aTCjjbHbIH aKT. M.. ]996.
O<I> Ha.'\bHbIe AOKYMeHThI,
HopMaTHBHbIe aKTbI
I. KOIICI1/II/1lYI(IIJi PoccHikKOi.j <Dc.llCpaUlm or 12 .llcKa6p!l 1993 r.
2. 3aKOII PC<DCP or 28 HOSI6pSI 1991 r. «0 rpa)!(J.laHCTlIC PC<DCP" C H3MC-
HCHHSIMII, BHCCCHHblMII 1:.\KOHOM P<1> OT 17 1I lm 1993 r. H <Dc.llCP,Ulb-
Hbl\l .J<\KOHOM or 18111111apsi 1995 r. II Be.uOMOCTH C"bC3.<l'd H<lpO.d.HbIX
D.enynnoB POCCHHCKOH <DcD.epaUII11 H BepxoBiloro COIlCra POCCI1rl-
CKOrl <Dc.llcpaUIIII. 1992. NQ 6. CT. 243; ]993. NQ 29. CT. 1]2; C3 P<1>.
1995. NQ 7. CT. 496.
3. 3aKOII PCt:> or 19 anpCJlSI 2002 f. «0 rpa)!(Jl<lIlCllIC PoccHHcKOH <Dc.llC-
P<UIIIH>' II PoccHi1cKa!l r<l3CTa. 2002. 5 1I .lSL
DH6Al1orpalIJH'lecKHI"1 CIUICOK
34S
4. 3aKOII P<1> OT 25 HIOJlSI 1993 r. <.0 npaoc rp<l)!(llaH POCCI'lfICKOH <DcllCp<I-
l.lllll Ha C1J06011Y nCpCilBH)!(CHII5I, Bbl60p MCCTa npc6bllk1HII51 H )!(H-
TCJJbCTlk11J npcllC.IIax PocCIIHCKOH <DcD.Cpal.lHII" II BCD.OMOCm CbC311a
IIaIXJD.HbIX D.Cn)'l"aTOIJ II BePXOlJIlOro COIJCTII P<1>. 1993. NQ 32. CT. 1227.
5. 3aKOII P<1> OT 18 IUO. SJ 1996 r. «0 nOp!l1lKC IJb1C311a H3 POCCIIHCKOfl
<DcllcpaW1H II IJ1£3!k11J PocCIIHcKY\O <Dcllcpm.lHIO>' II C3 M>. 1996. NQ 34.
CT. 4029.
6. 3aKoII P<I> OT 5 Mapra 1999 r. <.0 rocYD.apcTIJcHHoH nOJJIITIIKC Poc-
cHHcKOi-i <DcllCP<Il.lIIH IJ OTHOWCHHI'I COOTC'ICCTIJCHHIIKOIJ 33 Py6c)!(O I" II
C3 P<1>. 1999. NQ 22. CT. 2670.
7. JaKolI P<1> OT 25 1I1O.11S1 2002 r. «0 npalJOlJOM nOJl0)!(CHHII HHOCTpaH-
HblX rp l)!(llaH B POCCHHCKOi.j <DcD.CpawlI'I».
8. 3aKoII P<I> <.0 6c)!(clll.lax" IJ peD.. OT 28 HIOHSJ 1997 r. C I13MCHCIIIlm.11I
II D.OnOJlHeHII5I\1I1, BHCCeHHbl\tH <1>ellep3JIbHblMII 3<IKOHaMII OT 21 IIIO.11SI
1998 r.. OT 7 am)'CTa 2000 r. H OT 7 HOSl6pSl 2000 r. II BellOMOCTII
C"be3lla HapoD.HbiX llcnyJaTOB PocCHi.jCKOH <Dcllcpal.lllll 1.1 BePXOlJllOro
COIJCTa POCCHHCKOi.j <DcD.Cpal.lHI'1. 1993. NQ 12. CT. 425; C3 P<I>.
1997. N2 26. CT. 2956; 1998. NQ 30. CT. 3613; 2000. NQ 33. CT. 3348,
NQ 46. CT. 4537.
9. 3aKoII P<1> OT 19 <IJeBpaJISJ 1993 r. «0 BbIHY)!(llCHHbIX ncpCCC.IICHl.lax>,
C 113MCHCHHSJ\11I H llOnO.llHCHHSIMI'I, BHCCCHHbl\m <DcllCpaJIbHbl:\11I
3<1KOHa:\11I OT 20 llcKa6pSJ 1995 r. HOT 7 am)'CTa 2002 r. II BellOMO-
cm C"be3i!a HapollllblX llenyJaTOB POCCllflCKOii <1>ellcpal.lHH H BcpxolJ-
Horo Concra POCCHHCKoii <Dcllepal.lIlH. 1993. NQ 12. CT. 427; C3 P<I>.
1995. NQ 52. CT. 5] 10; 2000. NQ 33. CT. 3348.
IumrH, MOHorpa$HH
I. A6aKbJ/1I CA. fpa)!(llaJlcTBO POCCIIHCKOH <1>eD.ep.11.1HH. M.. [994.
2. AKm)'a1bHble np06.11CMbl rpa)!(llaJICTlk1. MaTepllaJIbl \le)!(llYHapOD.HOH
HaY'lHo-npaKTwlecKoH KOH<)JepeHl.l1I1I no nplx5. cMaM rpa)!(llaHCTB'd.
M.,1995.
3. ApaIlO(!CKllli K.B. focy.uapCTBeHlIOe npallo 33py5e)!(HblX CTpaJl. M.,
1999.
4. Allllepc 3. MCTOpllSl elJponcHcKoro npalk1. Cn6., 1998.
5. bavypwl CH TeppllTopHSI rocYD.apc-ma. npmlOllble H reonOJlI1TII'le-
CKlle Ilp06JleMbl. M.. [997.
6. bcmpc lo.P. Bonpocbl rpa)!(llaHCTlk1 IJ Me)!(llYHapollHOM npaBe. M..
1986.
7. BaCIL1be6 A.H., C{Jjlbll/lK06 B.n., Ollenalll//ll CB. Hal.lHoH.UJbHaSJ 6e-
30naCHOCTb Pocom: KOIICHIT}'I.lIlOHHoe o6ecne'lelule. Cn6., 1999.
8. Bepm H MCTOPWI COBeTcKoro rocYD.apCTlta. 1990-1991. M., 1997.
9. BOe6()()/I11 J/..D.. IOpHlllI'lecKIIH CTaT}'C .IIWlHocm IJ POCCHII. M., 1997.
10. Bumpy"/( HB. npaBOBOii CT3l)'C .1111'IHOCTII B CCCP. M., ]997.
346
II. BU1/lpy"/( H.B. 0611/'dSJ TCOpllSJ npaBOBOrO nOJlO)!(CHIISI .11I1'IHOCTII. M.,
2008.
12. F,1YllWIIKO n.n. CoumubHo-npalloBasl 3<111/1ITI1 KOHCTIITYUIIOHHblX
npallll cll060n rpa)!(lIaH (Tcopml II Hpm,'TIIKa). cn6., 1998.
13. J]ellc1/l6YIOIl(ee MC)!(llYlmpomloc npaoo: B 3-x T. / COCT. KOJlo-
COB JO.M., KpIlB'IIIKOB 3.C. M., 1997.
14. J]bLII06 ll.£. KOHCTIITYUIIOHHoe o6ecne'leHHe Ue.llOCTHOCTII (IJencpa-
mIll II 3apy6c)!(llbIX CTpmmx. M., 1996.
15. 3aKolloOame"lbllble aKTbl 0 rpa)!(ll,IHCTBC: B 3-x T. / Cocr. fpoMYIlI-
KItH n.f. M., 1996.
16. lilbUII B. B., AxueJep A.C. PoccllflcKaH rocynapCTBeHHOCTb: IICTOKII,
TIX1.aHUlIH, nepCneKTllllbl. M., 1997.
17. i/Je/IJee if., Kupxt()(fJ fl. focynapcTI!CHnoc npaBO fCp:\I3I11IH. M., 1994.
18. I1caKo6 B.b. JOPHllII'ICCKIiC (IJaKTbl B poccm1cKoM npaBC. M., 1998.
19. Kapa-MYP3a c.r. MmlllnY,lSJuliH cmHaHHCM. M., 2001.
20. KO)1I01l/1II1 £.11. KOHCTIITYUHOHHoe (rocYllapcmcHHoe) npaBO Poc-
CHII. M., 1999.
21. Kmlapo6 C.A. 06l1/aH TeOpHSJ npana II rocynapCTlk1. M., 1995.
22. K03;106a £.11., Kyma/jJt./1I D.£. KOHCTHTYUHOHHoe npaBO Poccm!. M.,
1996.
23. KOJlulellmapllli K KOIICTIITYUHII POCCHHCKOH <DcncpaUIII'1 / non pcn.
JIa3apcna RB. M., ]997.
24. KO'\/,llemnaplili K <DcnCpaJIbHoM)' 3aKOHY <.0 rpa)!(llaHCTBC POCCHH-
CKOH <1>enepaumt>' / non pei!. TpyellcKoii M.H. M., 2003.
25. Km/l1ell1/lapllli ..taKOHOllaTCJlbCTlk1 rocynapcTlI - y'IaCTHIIKOB CHf
o rpa)!(llaHCTIJC / non pcn. Ml1IlKeBlI'13 A.B. M., 1996.
26. KOIIC1/lIl1/lYI(UU rocynapCTB EBIX)IlCHCKoro COID31 / nOli 0611/. pcn.
JJ.A. OKYllbKo6a. M., 1997.
27. KOllc1/llllny/(uolllloe (rocynapCTBcluloe) npaBO 3apy6c)!(llbIX cTPml /
nOli pcll. 5A CTpmn)'lm. M., 1996.
28. KOHC1/lIll/1YI(UOHlloe npaoo PocCIIHcKOH <DcllcpaW1H / nOLI pen. M.M. Ky-
Jo.')'WKIIHa. EKaTcpllH6ypr, ] 995.
29. KOpJIK06/W6 B.B.. flllll/)UbKO KB. KOMMe rrapIiH K <1>enepa..lbHO:\lY
3<lKOHY «0 rpa)!(llaHCTI!C POCCIIHCKOH <DcllcpaUIIH>', Cn6., 2003.
30. Kpb/;106 b.c., li1b1I11CKllli 11.fl.. MlIx(J)le6a HA. np06.11CMa CYIICPCHII-
Tcra B POCCHHCKOii <DcncpaUllll. M.. 1996.
31. Kym(/t/J/i1/ 0. £. focYllapcTBCHHoe HpallO POCCHHCKOH <1>enepaUIIH.
M.,1996.
32. JJa3ape6 B.B., JJunellb C.B. TCOpllH rocynapcTlk1 II npal1<l. M., ]998.
33. JJplllll B.o. KOIICTlllYWIOHHble HOp:\lblllnp,moo-nloweHHSI. M., 1997.
34. Ma1/lY306 HI1., M{Jj/bKo A.B. TCopllH rocynapCTlk1 II npaBa. M., ]997.
35. M/lpOIl08 D.O., rOpo81(efi J].£. fpa)!(Jl<lHIIH POCCIIII: IICTOpIlKo-npaBO-
Hoii O'ICpK. M., 1997.
36. MUpOIl08 B.(/)., M/lpOIlOtl A.B. fp<l)!(llaHCTBO B POCCHHCKOH <1>ellepa-
UIIII. POCCIIHCKIIC II MC)!(llYlmponHblc aKTbL KOMMc rrapHH 3<lKOHO-
llaTCJlbC"T1X1.
DH6Al1orpallJI1'IeCKHi1 CIUICOK
347
37. HOBbIe KOIICTIITyIUIH CTpaH CHf H E3.IITHH / COCT. llMIITpll-
CB lOA, MHx UJelk1 HA M., ]998.
38. O6I1(GJI TCOpllSJ rocYllapcTlk1 H npalk1 / nOll pell. M.H. Map'lcHKo.
AKaIleMH'lecKHH KYpC. B 3-x T. M.. 1998.
39. O6I1(GJ/ TeOp1l51 npaB 'IC.IIOBeKa / nOll pei!. EA. JIYKalJJCBoH. M., 1996.
40. alle;lb'leIlKo O.A. Bcc06lu,m HCTOpml rocYllapCTlia II npalla. B 2-x T.
T. I. M., 1998.
41. flGIIGplll1 A.C. I-1CKYlJJCHIIC f.II06 L 1I3MOM. M., 2002.
42. flmellll/lG C.B. 3aKOHOTIIOP'ICCTIIO n POCCl-IHCKOi.i <Dc J 1CP.1111l1l. M.,
1996.
43. flpG60 H nOJU1T111«1 B conpeMcHHoH POCCHH / nOll pell. f.B. M,L%UClk1,
E.A. JIYI«1lJJcnoii, B.c. HcpcccSJllUa H IIp. M., 1996.
44. CmGnGII06 I1.M. KOHCTIIT}'UIISI H nomrrHKa. M., 1984.
45. CY6epellllmem n <PellcpaTlIBHOM rocYllapcme / nOll pell. f.B. Ara6c-
KOlkl. M., 1993.
46. Teop/lJ1 npalla H rocYllapCTlta / nOll pCll. B.B. JIa33pelk1. M., 1998.
47. TO()bIKG IO.H. fp<l)!(llaHCTBO YKpallHbl: KOHCTHT}'UIIOIUIO-npanonoH
acneKT. XapbKOII. 2002.
48. YlIlIOfiG /1.A. KOIICTlnYI.lHOHHble OCHOIlbl COllpeMeHlmro pocCIIHCKO-
ro (l)CllCp L1H3Ma. M., ] 998-
49. XO-llJIKOB fl.M. YC.IIOIICK, rocYllapCTIIO, l.lIlBW1H3<IUl-ISI II HaI.lHSJ. M.,
1998.
50. '1upKI/II B.E. KOIICTlnyulloHHOC npallO: poccHi1cKaSI KOIICTI1T}'UIISI
II IC)!(JlYHapollllbIH on bIT. M., 1998.
51. IlupKUII B.£ KOIICTInyUIIOHHoe npano 3apy6c)!(HblX ClpaH. M., 1999.
52. '1I1PKIIII B.£ fOCYllapCTBOnCllcHHc. M., 1999.
53. lllmio A. Ca\lOOrpaHWle Ule B.HaCTII (KpaTKHii KYpC KOHCTHT}'l.lHOH-
HOro npalla). M., 2001.
OrAaBAeHHe
BBC.L\elllle 3
Pa3.aeJi I. COlUlaJJbHaH " IOpH.lI.H'IeCKaH
np"po.aa rpIDKLIaHCTBa 9
f.llaoa I. COIiIla. bllbIC npelIDOCblJIKil CTaIlOBJICIIIIH rpIDK.113HCTBa 10
1.1. BonpOCbl 0 rCllC3UCC rpa)f(i.laIlCTIJ.1 10
1.2. f pa>K1laHCTBo. rocyaap<.:mo II 06WCCTBO 12
1.3. fpa>K1l<U1CTBO I1l1apOil (ual.lIlSl) 15
1.4. fpa>K1l<U1CTBO I1l1aUlIOU,UlbUOCTb 23
1.5. f pa>K1lmlCTBO 11 CYIICPCUIITCT 28
1.6. f pa>KilaUCTBO KaK C1U1HCTBO COUI1<UlbllOro 11 npalloBoro
KOMnOIlCUT"a 33
fnaoa 2. I1croplI'lccKllc YC.IIOBIIH p33BI1T1IH rpIDK.113I1CToa 36
2.1. f pa>K1laIICTBO ilpCBIICro Mupa 36
2.2. 4JcOllaJIbllOC nOllilaHL'TBO 44
2.3. 6YP>Kya3Hoc rpa>K1laHCTIIO 45
f.llaoa 3. Pa3BIITlIC ore'leCTBCIlIlOro JaKOIIOllaTC.llbCToa
o rpIDK.113I1CTBC 50
3. I. 3aKOUOilaTCJlbCTBO 0 rpa>K1laHCTBC PoccuikKOi.j mmcpml 50
3.2. COBCTCKOC 3aKOH0l1aTCJlbCTBO 0 rp,l>K1lmICTBC 53
3.3. 3aKoII OT 28 HOSl6pSl 1991 r. ,,0 rpaJK,laHCllIC PC4JCP" 60
3.4. npl1l1SITIIC JaKolla 0 rpa>KilaHCTBC POCCI-IHCKOH <1>ellcpaUl111
OT ] 9 anpcnSl 2002 r. 63
3.5. OCHOBllblC nOnO>KCHUSl 3aKoHa ,,0 rpa>K1lm-1L"llJC
POCCUi'lCKOH <1>ellcpal.ll1l1>' 65
3.6. J.13MCI1CHUSI K 3aKoHy 0 rpa>K1laH<.:TBC OT 17 oKTSI6psi 2003 r. 70
f.llaoa 4. nOIlHTllC II OOUJ,aH XapaKTepllCTIIKa rpIDK.113I1CTB3 73
4. I. no.aXo. bI K onpCJ1C.1CIIIHO nOIlSlTHSI rp=allCTIXI 73
4.2. fpa>KilmlCTllo 11 ICCTO n]JO>KHIXIlHISI 80
OrMBAeHlle 349
4.3. Onpcllcl1clUlC nOHSITlI!I rpa>K1l,UICTIXI 83
4.4. CYlI/lIOCTb rpa>K1laHCTB:1 89
4.5. B3<IIIMOCBH3b IlOH!ITlIH «'ICJlOBCK» - <c1H'IHOCTb» - «rp;IJKllaJ-UIH" 92
4.6. r p<l>KilaIiCTIIO 11 rpa>K1laHCKOC 06WCCTBO 94
4.7. <])YHKUl1I1 rpa>K1l<UlcTII1 97
f.llaoa 5. nplllll.Ulnbl rpIDK.113I1CTBa 99
5. I. KJIaCCI1I!JI1K1IUIISJ npIlHl.lJ.lIlOB rpa>K.llallCTBa 99
5.2. n pHHlH1II CilllHcma rpa>K1laHCma 102
5.3. npl1HUIIII paBlloro rpmlvl.IIICTB'\ 103
5.4. npl1l11.1l1n cBo60.J:bl II 1106pOBO.1bHOCTI1 Bbl60pa rpa>K1lall 105
5.5. npHH1H1II IIciloIlYCTmlOCTII ,1I1WCIII1!! rpa>K1laHCTBa 106
5.6. npl1Hl.lJ.ln IIcaonYCTlI\!OCTJ.I Bblil'd'HI rpa>K1l"tullla PoccI1flcKOH
<])cllCpal.l1l1l llPyro IY rocYll<\pcmy 107
5. 7. npl'IHl.l11II1l0IlYCTII 10CT1111110i.illoro I pa>IWaIlCTIX\ 116
5.8. npllHlUIII cOKpawcHIISJ 6c3rpa)f(i.laHCTIJ.1 117
5.9. npl1l11.1lln cOXpaliClU1SJ pocclIHcKOro rpa>K1l.IIICTIk1 3a mluaMI1,
npO>KIIIJ.1101UI'I 1II 3,. npCllCJla\HI POCCHHCKOti <1>cllCpalUlll 119
5.10. nplllllHlIl JaWI1TbI H IlOKpOBl1Tc.lbCTBa rpa>K1laH PocnlHcKoi.j
<1>CI1CpaUl1l1. HaXO.J:SIlUIIXCSJ 3a cc Ilpc.J:c.laMII 120
5.11. nplllll.llln COXp<lHCHIISJ rpa>K1laHCTIJa Ilpll 3<IKJlIO'ICHIII1
11111 paCTOp>KCIUHI 6p<lK11 124
5.12. npIIHl.llln npCllOCTaBJICHI1Sl nO'ICTHoro rp<l>K1l,UICTB:1 126
5.13. nplllll.lllll IIpnOpl1TeT<I HOpM MC>lWYH<lpO 1I0ro IIpm;a
II MC>Kil}'II<lpOI1I1 blX 1l0roBOpOB no BonpocaM rpa>Kil,mCTB3
1IaJ.! H<lUlIOII,l.!lbHbIM 3<IKOHOll<lTCJlbCTBO 1 127
f .IIaoa 6. IOpIlJJ.ll'lCCKaH npllpoJJ.3 rpIDK.113I1CTBa 131
6.1. IOPWIH'ICCKOC CO,lep>K<lHI1C rpa>K.ilaHCTBa 13]
6.2. fpa>K.llaliCTIIO KaK IIHCHlTYJ npaB'1 133
6.3. fpa>K1lalicmo K1IK Cy6bCKTIIBHOC npaBO 137
6.4. f p<l>KilaHCTBO K<lK np<lllOOTHOWCHIIC 142
6.5. f pa>K1lmlCTBO KaK IlpaBOBOC COCTOSJIIIIC 146
6.6. f pa>K1laHCTBO II IlpaBocy6bcKTHOCTb 152
f.llaoa 7. fPIDK.113HCTBO B MCJKLJYHapollllOM npaBe 155
7.1. MC>K1lYllapOIlHO-npaBoBOHIIIICTHTYJ rpa>K1laHCTBa 155
7.2. KOHIICHl.lltS1 0 rpa>IW<lHCTIlC 3a\lY>KHCH >KCHII/I....lbl 156
7.3. KOIIBCIHtllSJ 0 COKpalllCHIIII 6c3rpa>K1laIlCTB:1 157
7.4. EBpoIlcficKaSJ KOHBCHl.lIISJ 0 rpa>K1laHCTIlC 162
3S0
Pa3.aeJi II. 3aKOHO.aaTC"lbHOe peryJlHpOBaHlle rp3)f{J(aHCTBa
B POCCHHCKOH «1>e.aepau.uH 169
fJlaoa 8. <I>e.L\epa. bHoe II pecny6.11I1KaIlCKOe rpIDK.113I1CTBO
B PocclI.icKOH <I>e.L\epawlII 170
8.1. f pa>K1lmlCTIIO (!)CllCpal.lHI1 II rpa)f(i.lallCTIIO Cy6bCKTOB 170
8.2. Pccny6mlKaHcKoc rpaJKnaHCTBO KaK '!aCT!, KOHCTI1T}'Ul101....IO-
npalJolJoro CTaT)'c<t JIII'UlOCTI1 175
8.3. Pccny6,lHKaIlCKOC rpaJKnallCTBO KaK IJhlpaJKClUlC CYIJCpCIIIHC ra
pecny6J1l1K 179
8.4. Po.1b KOIICTHT}'1.l110HIIOro CYlla POCCI1HCKOH <])c,J.cpauml
B PClIICIUHI (!)cJJ.cpaTIIBllhix cnopolJ 184
8.5. COBpC 1ClIllbIH IjJCllCp:LlI13M 11 KOIICTI1T}'l.lIlOllllaSJ
3aKOlillOCTb 189
f.llaoa 9. )J.Bonlloe rpIDK.113I1CTBO 192
9.L nOlHITIIC 1lllOHiloro rpa>K.llmlCTBa 192
9.2. fpa>KilmlCTIJO H Ml1rpal.l11Sl 195
9.3. npl1'lIIHbl B03HI1KII0IJCHI1Sl11IJOHHOro rp<lJKnaHCTI!<.1 210
9.4. nOCJ1CllCTBlU! Hlli1H'1I1SI JJ.BOHIiOro rpa>K1lallCTlk1 211
9.5. Cnoco6bl npc,J.OTllpamCHI1Sl 1l1l0HHOro I paJIWaHCTBa 215
9.6. LlorolJop MC>KilY POCCl1i'1CKOi'l <1>cllcpmmcH 11 Pccny6.1l1Koi'l
Tall>KIIKI1CTaH 06 }IJCf)'J1I1pOlkllllll1 BonpOCOB 1lI10HHOro
rp=aHCTBa (r. MOCKlkl, 7 cCllrn6ps! 1995 r.) 217
9.7. npalJolJoc pCryJlllpOl!<.lIHiC rocymlpcTIXI 1I1 ,J.BOHIiOro
rpa>K1laHCTIIa 2] 9
9.8. 3aKoHoll<tTeJlbl."TIIO CCCP 0 1lI101l1l0 1 I pa>Kil,UlL"T11C 221
9.9. npalJolJoc peryl111pOlk1HI1C llBOHlioro rp<l>K1l<lHCTU<l
B POCCI1HCKOH <1>e cpal.ll1l1 222
9.10. n0J1I1T11Ka POCCIIHCKOH <1>cllcpmUHl B OTIIOU1CIIIIII llOOHlIoro
rpa>K.llaHL'TB<' 224
9.1 L 3<lKOIiOllaTCJlbIlOC pcrynllpolk11UIC llBOHIlOro rpa>K1lmICTB<l
B CTpmmx CHf 226
9.12. npH06pCTCIII1C llBOHHOro rpa>K1l<lHl."TIk1 235
9.13. LlBOHHOC rpa>K1laHL"TIIO 11 BOCHHaSl cJlY>K6a 236
9.14. LllJoHIiOC rp<t>Kil<lHCTIJO - Clloc06 J<llUl1rblllpaB
COOTC'ICCTBCIIIIUKOB 241
9.15. fpa>K.llaliCTIIO COIOJIlOro rocYllapCTIla 245
9.16. fp=allcTllo EBpOIlCi-icKoro COIOJa 247
9.17. OC06eIlIlOCTu IIpaBolloro 1l0.10>KCHHSI pOCCI1HCKUX
COOTC'ICCTIICIIIIUKOB 251
OrMBAe lI1e 3S1
f.ll3oa 10. npH06pe-rclillc rpIDKa3HCTB3 B POCCItHCKOH
<l>ellCpaWtll 255
10.1. <1>Op lbl ycnllloBJIclUm (BmHHKIIOBCIUU1) rp=allcTBa 255
10.2. fpa>K1laHCTBO H llc lOrpa<lJH'tCCKaSJ cHT}'alnISJ 256
10.3. fpa>K1laHCTBO H lIal.lHOHaJlbHaSJ 6c30nacllocTb 258
10.4. np06J1c ta onpCllC1ClUUI npHII,L1..1C>KIIOCTH K poccHiicKmty
rpa>K1lmlCTBY nOC.1C pacnalla CCCP 263
10.5. npI106\JCTCHHC rpa>K1laHCTBa B nopmlKC HpH3HalUlSI 264
10.6. OnpCllCJICHHC npIUl.\!U1C>KHOCTH K rpa>K1laHCTlI)' B CTpallax
CHf II 6aJ1T1111 267
10.7. npI106\JCTCHHC rpa>K1laHCTBa no pO>K1lCHIlIO (<)JlIl1l1auIISJ 268
10.8. npll06pCTCIIHC rpa>K1lmlCTtn B nOpSU.lKC npllCMa
(HaT}'p LlIBauHSI) 27]
10.9. npIl06\JCTCHHC rpa>K1lmlCTBa B ynpolUcHHO 1 nopSL KC 274
10.10. npI106\JCTCHHC rpa>K1laHCTII<l B nopSL KC II0CCTaHOBJICHIISI
(pcI1IITCrpal.lIlS!) 277
10.11. npI106\JCTCHHC rpa>K1laHCTIXI B HopmlKc om<ll.lllll 278
10.12. npl106peTCHHC rpa>K1l<lHCTIXI no ItHblM OCIIOIXIHIISI ! 279
f.ll3oa II. npeKp311..lCHIIC rpIDKa3HCTB3 POCCIIHCKOH <l>ellCpaWtll 282
11.1. <1>OP !bl npCKpall.lCHHS! rpa>K1laHCTBa 282
11.2. npCKpall.lClUIC rpa)f(i.lallCTBa B IjJOP\IC BbIXOll<l 113 rpa>K.llaIlCT1k1
no C06cTBCHHOMY >KCl1aHIlIO (3KcnaTpHal.lllSl) 284
11.3. fpa>K1laHCTBO H <'}'TC'IKa YMOB" 288
11.4. npCKpalUcHllc rp<l>K1laHCTIJ.1 B IjJOp\tc Bbl60pa rpa)f(i.laHCTn.1
(orn<ll.lIlSJ) 292
11.5. OnlcHa pemcHlIS1 0 npH06peTCHHII 111111 npCKpalUCHlI1I
pocclliicKOro rp<I)f(i.l,IHCTIXI 293
11.6. JlHWCHI1C rpa)f(i.laHCTIXI 293
II. 7. YTp<lTa rpa>K1la HCTIXI 296
fJl30a 12. AMtIIHllcrp3T11BHO-np3BOBOe pery.lllpooaHIIC
rpIDK.113I1CTB3 POCCII.iCKO.i <I>e.L\CP3WIII 30 I
12.1. CHCTC ta rOCYllapcTBcllllblX opralloB. BC,J.mOIl/I1X ilCl1a 1I1
o rp<l>K.II<lIlCTBC POCCIli'lCKOH <1>CJ1CP.11.1HII 301
12.2. npOll3BOllCTBO no ilcmlM 0 rpa>K1laHCTBC PoccHficKOfi
<1>cilCpal.l1l1l 310
6110mlOrp311J11'1CCKlIH CnllCOK 344
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www.llnity-dana.11.I E-mail: llnitY@llnity-dana.11.I
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