Автор: Андреев И.
Текст
.. l1li , ".IE BHHTOKPhlAblE n 0 Ape A a K II MeA: AOKTopa TexHH'teCKMX HayK, npotIJeccopa IIJEAOPA KYPOLJKHHAi r epoR COBeTcKoro COlO3a, 3aCJlYIHeHHDrO lIeT'tMKa-MCnblTaTeJlR CCCP BACHnHR KOnOWEHKO. ABTOP cTaTeA - BoeHHblA lIeT'tMK I KJlaCCa nEB BRTKHH. XYAOIHHMK - MHXAHn nETPOBCKHA. - ".: '" -----..... *. ',. ... .' ,, . .;,. «HAA CEAOii1 PABHIIIHOii1 MOP5I...» HeMHorHe 3MllIOT, liTO npOTHBono- AOIIHII IIBHII4H B03HHKnil e e B ne- PHoA nepBOM MHpOBOM BOMHbl 1914- 1918 rO,AOB B KlllleCTBe OAHOM H3 OT- BeTHblX Mep HII 06'b BneHHe KIIM3e- pOBCKOM !epM HHeM HeorpIlHH'IeHHoM nO,ABOAHOH BOHHbl ,AepH<IIBIlM J'.HTIIH- Tbl. TorAIl OXOTY 311 HeMe4KHMH cy6- MIIPHHIIM" Ben" rnllBHblM 06pll30M AHp"H<1I6nH H B MeHbweM creneHH CIlMoneTbl. B rO,Abl BTOpOM MHpOBOM BOMHbl 1939-1945 rOAOB OCHOBHblM cpeA- CTBOM 06HIIPYH<eHH H 60pb6bl C no,A- BO,AHbIMH nOAKIIMH CTllnH CIIMOl\eTbI, 6113HpOBIIBWHec HII 6eperoBbie 113pO- APOMbl HnH HII He60nbwHe, TIIK H1I3bl- BlleMble KOHBoMHble IIBHIIHOC4bl. 111- KHe CIlMoneTbi OCHII lInHCb nO"CKO- BblM" pll,AIIPIIMH, MO HbIMH npOH<eK- TOpIlMH, rny6HHHblMH H 06blllHblMH IIBHII6oM6I1MH, KpynHoKllnH6epHblMH IIBTofYIlITHilecKHMH nywKIIMH, CHllp ,Abl KOTOpblX MornH np06HTb ,AIIH<e npoll- HblM Kopnyc cy6MllpHHbl. nocne BOMHbl, B 50-e rO,Abl, Hallan- C KlllleCTBeHHO HOB 101M ':nlln B IIICTO- pHH npoTHBOnO,AOilHOM IIBHil4HH, CBJI- 3I1HHbl" C nOCTIIHoBKOM HII BoopY'H<e- HHe BHHToKpblnblx neTIlTenbHblX Ijnnll- pIlTOB. B OTnHilHe OT CIlMoneTIl Bep'J!oneT cnoc06eH He TonbKO 6blCTpO c:6ne- TeTb 06wHpHoe BOAHoe npOCTpllHCTBO, HO H 3i1BHCHYTb HiI,A TOIIKOM, B KOTO- pOM 6blnll 311Me'4eHIl nO,ABO]AHIIJI nOAKiI. AO 20-30"), HII BepToneTHblx nnO II,A-, KIIX yCTIIHIIBnHBlllOT pll3nHIIHbie «no- BYWKH». C HX nOMO blO BHHTOKpb'':' nllJl MIIWHHII 3I1XBIITbIBlleTC HII He- 60nbwoM BblCOTe H nnllBHO nOAT rH- BlleTCJI K Kopll6nlO. ...B HIIweM cTpllHe HCTOpHJI nllny6- HblX BepToneTOB HllllllnllCb TpH AeCJI- THneTHJI HII311A B KOHCTpYKTOPCKOM KonneKTHBe, B03rnllBnJleMOM BbiAlllO- HMCJI IIBHIIKOHCTPYKTOPOM H. ..... KII- MOBblM. 311 KOpOTKHM CpOK COTPY,AHH- KH K5 C03,AllnH CeMeMCTBO BepToneToB H3nlO6neHHoM KIlMOBblM COOCHOM cxe- Mbl KII-15, KII-1 SM, KII-18 H KII-26. nOilTH Bee OHH CTpO- HnHCb 60nbWHMH CepHJlMH " nepBe- HllllllnbHO npHMeHJlnHCb (HllpJl,Ay . C HeKOTOpblMH MIIWHHIIMH, C03,AIIHHbIMH B OK5 M. 11. MHnJl) HII IIpKTHileCKHX neAOKonllX ,AnJi PIl3B8AK" ne,AOBOM 06CTIIHOBKH, KpynHblx J1pOMbICnOBbIX CYAIIX npH nOHCKe KOCJlKOB pbl6bl H npH nllCIlTenbHblX onepll4HJlX. CpllBHHTenbHO He onbWHe (HeT XBO- CTOBoro BHHTiI) MilHeBpeHHble BepTO- neTbl KIIMOBII MornH CII,AHTbC HII KOp- MOBble B3neTHO-nOCIIAOIIHble nnO II,A- KH AIIH<e npH ,ABHH<eHHH CY,AOB 60nb- WHM XOAOM HnH B WTOPMOBYIO noro- AY. TIlKHe B03MOH<HOCTH 06ecnellHBiI; no opHrHHllnbHoe nHpIlMH,AllnbHO-nll- pllnnenorpilMMHoe WIICCH C 60nbWHM XO,AOM IIMOpTH3i1TOpOB. KpOMe Toro, KIlMOBCKHe MilWHHbI OCHII lInHCb 611n- nOHeTIIMH, KOTopble npH BbIHYH<AeH- HOM nocllAKe HII BOAy a8TOMilTHlle- CKH HilA'YBllnHCb. H a 3 a eTa B H e: BepToneT OKlO H. .... KaMoBa (CCCP). CoocHoA exeMbl, ABYXBHHTOBOA. '. .. ,. ' .:.y;..;' I "" '" - - " ( ", tt It' <- . J-(' .. . ," . '- t . "'. ',/" . r ".... -r- -:- ; i£ --.....! \._ :=. "lIS . --rJ'..-' .... , .- o . 2M , 1m! 65. nanyl5HblA npoTHBonoAoIIHblA Bep- ToneT «KaMaH" SH-2F IIIHpMbl H. CH- HopCHoro (CWA, 1959 rOA). OAHOBHH- TOBoA. ABa Typ150BHHTOBbiX ABHraTellJl «AHceHepan 3neHTpHK" T-58-GE-8F MOUl- HOCTbJO 1350 n. c. AHaMBTp IIeTbl ex- nonaCTHoro HecYUlero BHHTa - 13.4 M. noneTHaJi Macca - 5,8 T. Macca nyc- Toro - 3,1 T. MaKCHManbHaJi CHO- pOCTb - 270 KMf'l. AanbHocTb - 716 HM. OCHaUleH caMOHaBOAJlUlHMHCIJ TopneAaMH MH-46. ----- ---- '<"" 'j,." .,.1 ".--. ) .. - N'AVY.- '328 HSI;3!.J · I .. . -...... w "+ : ; ... t '-;-:. ,
B 3TOT nepHOA BO MHOrHX cjJnOTBX MHpa nOJlBHJ1HCb nepBble BepTOneTO- HOCqbl, nepe060pYAoBaHHbie H3 06bl'lHbiX nerKHX HnH HeAOCTpOeHHblX aBHaHocqeB. 3BTeM B KOpMOBOH '1a- CTH CTOpO>KeBHKOB, KpeHCepOB H 3C- MHHqeB 060PYAOBanH He60nbWHe B3J1eTHO-nOCaAO'lHble nnOLL\aAKH, npeAHa3Ha'leHHble, KaK npaBHnO, AnJi OAHoro BepToneTa. 06bl'lHO TaKHe MaWHHbi BblnOnHJlIOT pa3BeAbiBaTenb- Hble 3aAaHHJI, cnacaTenbHble onepa- qHH. Ho rnaBHOH HX 3aAa'leH OCTBeTCJI 06HapY>KeHHe H npecneAOBaHHe nOA- BOAHbiX nOAOK. B 60nbWHHCTBe cny- '1aeB npOTHBOnOAO'lHble BepToneTbl npeACTaBnJlIOT C060H 06bl'lHble anna- paTbl, BblnYCKaeMbie MaCCOBOH cepHeH H AnJi apMHH, HO OCHaLL\aIOTCJI COOT- BeTCTBYIOLL\HM 060PYAOBaHHeM. TaK, Ha aMepHKaHCKOM (,KaMaHe» YCTaHOBne- Hbl onYCKaeMblH Ha Tpoce B BOAY rHAPonOKaTOp, KOTOpblH 06HapY>KHBa- eT nOABoAHble qenH H onpeAenJleT HanpaBneHHe Ha HHX; MarHHTOMeTp, cjJHKCHPYIOLL\HH Ha rny6HHe 3Ha'lHTenb- Hble MaCCbl MeTanna (HHbIMIoi cnOBa- MH, Kopnyc cy6MapHHbl); c6paCblBBe- Mble rHAPoaKYCTH'IeCKHe 6YH, ynaB- nHBalOLL\He WY'lAbl ABHraTeneH nOA- BOAHOH nOAKH; AonnepOBCKaJl paAHO- nOKaqHoHHBJI CHCTeMa, C nOMOLL\blO KOTOpOH MO>KHO 06HaPY>KHTb nOA- BOAHYIO nOAKY Ha nOBepXHOCTH. Kpo- Me Toro, BepToneT OCHaLL\eH - paAHO- BblCOTOMepOM, BnnapaTYPOH on03Ha- BaHHJI HaABoAHbiX 06'beKTOB no CH- CTeMe "CBOH - '1Y>KOH», KOpOTKOBon- HOBblMH H ynbTpaKopOTKOBonHOBblMH paAHOcTaHqHJlMH. 060PYAOBaH (,Ka- MaH» H BBTOMaTH'IeCKOH CHCTeMOH CTB6HnH3aqHH, C nOMOLL\blO KOTOpOH MaWHHa MO>KeT BblnOnHJlTb noneT Ha 3aAaHHOH CKOpOCTH H BblCOTe HnH cjJHKCHpOBaTb CBoe nOnO>KeHHe B pe- >KHMe BHCeHHJI. nOcneAHee He06xoAH- MO npM cnYCKe B BOAY nOHCKOBblX npH60pOB. 60nbwaJl '1aCTb 3apy6e>K- HbiX npOTHBOnOAO'lHbIX BepToneTOB, HanpHMep HTanbJlHCKHH "ArycTa» A-106, BoopY>KaeTCJI CBMOHaBOAJlLL\H- MMCJI TopneAaMH. nOCKonbKY 60pTOBbiM BepToneTaM HepeAKO npMXOAHTCJI COBepwaTb no- caAKY HB paCKa'lHBalOLL\YIOCJI nany6y (HHorAa B WTOpM Kopa6nb KpeHHTCJI ,lJ,nJl BHHTOKpblnblX MaWHH, 6a3Hpo- BaBWHXCJI Ha CYABX BpKTH'IeCKOrO nna- BaHHJI" npeAYCMBTpHBanaCb CHCTeMa, npeAonpaLL\alOLL\aJl 06J1eAeHeHHe J10- naCTeH HeCYLL\HX BHHTOB H B03AYXO- 3a60pHHKOB ABHraTeneH. J.o1MeJ10Cb H APyroe 060PYAoBaHHe, n03BOnJiBWee 3KHna>K)' BblnOnHJlTb 3aAaHHJJ B cnO>K- HblX MeTeoycnOBHJlX AHeM H HO'lblO. ...KaMOBCKHe BepTOJ1eTbi nonY'IHJ1H WHpOKoe pacnpOCTpaHeHHe B Cerlb- CKOM X03JJHCTBe, caHHTBpHOH cnY>K6e H APyrHx OTpaCnJlX HapOAHoro X03J1H- CTBa. A BeAb 6blnO BpeMJI, KorAa Koe- KTO H3 MaCTHTblX cneqHanHCToB ynop- 1040 TBepAHn, '1TO COOCHaJi cxeMa ro- AHTCJI TonbKO AnJi MaWHH He60nbWOH rpY30nOA'beMHOCTH. BMeCTO OTBeTB KaMOB B Ha'lane 60-x rOAD,B BblnYCKaeT BepToneT C 60nbweH rpy30nOA'beMHOCTbIO. B KO'H- CTPYKqHH 3THX MaWHH, oc,HaLL\eHHblX ABYMJI ra30T)'p6HHHbIMH ABHraTenJlMH, COTPYAHHKH K6 npHMeHHnH HeMBno TeXHH'IeCKHX HOBHHOK. B '1aCTHOCTH, CTeKnonnaCTHKOBble nonaCTH HeCYLL\HX BHHTOB, 06naAaBWHe 60nbWHM pecyp- COM H BblCOKOH 3KcnnYBTaqHoHHoH Ha- Ae>KHOCTblO. J.o1HTepeCHaJi AeTanb 3anac npO'lHOCTH HeCYLL\HX BHHTOB, cjJI03er1J1>Ka H opraHOB ynpaBneHHJI no- 3BOnJin BblAep>KHBaTb nO'lTH "CBMO- neTHble» neperpY3KH. OAHHM cno- BOM. CeH'IaC HH Y Koro HeT CO- MHeHHH B TOM, '1TO C03AaHHe B Ha- weH CTpaHe ceMeHCTBa COOCHblX Bnna- paTOB CTano BB>KHbIM 3TanOM B HCTO- pHH MHpOBoro BepToneTOCTpoeHHJI. OTnH'IHO 3apeKOMeHAOBaB ce6J1 Ha cYAax MopCKoro H npoMblcnoBoro cjJnOTa, BepToneTbi MapKM "Ka» HawnH npHMeHeHHe H B BoeHHo-MopCKHX CH- nax. KaMOBCKHe MaWHHbi 060CHOBa- nHCb Ha npOCTopHblX nany6ax npOTH- BonOAO'lHbIX KpeHcepOB "MOCKBa» H ".neHHHrpaA», Ha B3neTHbiX nnoLL\aA- Kax 60nbWHX npOTHBonOAO'lHbIX O- pa6neH, 3cMHHqeB. 10 neT Ha3BA B ra3eTe "npaBACI» nOJlBHnOCb C006LL\eHHe 0 TOM, '1TO BepTOneT'IHKH C npOTHBonOAO'lHOrO KpeHcepa (,.neHHHrpBA», )"IBCTBYJl B pa3MHHHpOBaHHH CY34Koro KaHanB, nOMornH KOMaHABM Tpanbw,HKOB O'lH'- CTHTb &KBClTOPHIO B 1230 KB. MHnb. .1r- "t ""I'!I. . ! - , . '1;/, 0 2M ([!1 66. npOTMBOnoAO'lHbIH BepTOneT «CM nMHKC» HAS-MK-2 (AHrnMfI, 1911 rOA). OAHOBMHTOBOH. ABa TypC5oBMHTOBbIX ABMraTenfl «Ponnc-PoHc" 8S-360-01-26 MOLL\HOCTblO 900 n. c. AMaMeTp '1eTbl- pexnonacTHoro HecYLL\ero BMHTa 12,8 M. nOneTHafI Macca 4,1 T. MaKCMManbHafl CKOpOCTb - 333 KMf'l. AanbHocTb - 560 HM. OCHaLL\eH ABYMfI t:aMOHaBOAflLL\MMHCfI TopneAaMM, paHeTa- MM Hnacca «Bo3AYx - BOAa». Bbl- nycHaeTcfI no nMqeH3MH BO «I»paHqMM. ... ',\ F - i.. _ <j, ":"--:. - \ ,--'. .. r",. , .. :::.....r-- ..--"'1 - I' .... '-', 4.t ., ...,. . s.;n ...2f -- " 2M [U 61. nerHMH npOTMBOnOAO'lHbIH BepTo- T -- neT «ArYCTa» A-106 (HTanHflt. 1965 rOA). OAHOBMHTOBOH, AByxMecTHbll... Typ60- BMHTOBOH ABMraTenb «TypC5oMeHa-Ary- CTa" TAA230 MOLL\HOCTblO 280 n. C. AMaMeTp AByxnonacTHoro HecYLL\ero BHHTa - 9,5 M. noneTHafl Macca - 1,4 T. MaHCMManbHafl CHOpOCTb 111 HM!'1. AanbHocTb - 140 HM. OCHa- LL\eH ABYMfI caMOHaBOAJILL\MMMCfI Topne- AaMM MH-44 aMepMHaHcHoro npoM3BoA- CTBa. "' . -" J ," ""-1 " i
n OIl P e:II a K I( M e it: AOHTopa TeXHM'IeCHMX HaYH, npoQleccopa $eAopa KYPOIJKHHA; repOR COBeTCHoro Cmo3a, 3acnYIHeHHoro nllT'IMHa- McnblTaTenR CCCP BaCMnMR KOnOWEHKO. ABTOP CTaTeM - BoeHHblM neT'IMH 1-r0 HnaCCa neB BflTKHH. XYAOIHHM'K MMxaMn nETPOBCKHA. H A II1II , .. B . '/lIAhIE «nTEPOAAKT A » B nocne,qHHe ro,qbl BO BceM MHpe nonYIjHnO WHpOKoe pacnpOCTpaHeHHe caMo,qe TenbHoe KOHCTPYHpOBaHHe ne- TaTenbHblX annapaTOB. 3a Py6eHCoM ,qa- HCe nO BHnc cneLlHanbHblH TepMHtl c<,qOMaWHec KOHCTPYHpOBaHHe». 50nb- we Toro, MHorHe BeCbMa conH,qHble cjJHpMbl npH3HanH, IjTO Y c<aBHacaMO- ,qenbI1lHKOB» opHrHHal)bHblH no,qxo,q K peweHHIO HeKOTopblX TeXHHljeCKHX ripo- 6neM, II C03,qaHHbie HMH annapaTbl He- peAKo He ycrynalOT cepHHHblM MaWH- HaM. B 3TOM CMblcne nlO60nbiTHa Kapbepa aHrnHljaHHHa K. H. YonnHca. 5blBWHH BoeHHblH neTIjHK, YljaCTHHK BTOpOH MH- pOaOH BOHHbl, OH CHaljana YBneKC;:JI pa3- pa60TKoH MHHHaTlOpHblX ,qByxTaKTHbix ,qBHraTeneH H, ,q06HBWHCb ycnexa, npH- crynHn K nOCTpoHKe cBepxnerKHx aB- TO>KHpOB. Ero nepBeHeLl, o,qHoMeCTHblH aBTO>KHp G-ARRT no,qH nc B B03- ,qyx B aBrycTe 1961 ro,qa. Onaca Cb, liTO KpynHble aBHaCTpOHTenbHbie KOM- naHHH, ynoBHB HOBoe HanpaBneHHe B pa3BHTHH aBHaLlHH, nOCTapaIOTCI! no- rnOTHTb ero npe,qnpH THe, YonnHC npe,qYCMOTpHTenbHO 3anaTeHTOBan CBOH HOBHHKH. 3TO OTHOCHnOCb K y3ny pOTopa C Kap,qaHOM, LleHTp06eHCHOMY peryn TOpy H orpaHHIjHTenlO MaKCH- ManbHbiX 060POTOB HeCYl1lero BHHTa, aBTOMaTY KOHTpon T rH H ,qaHCe ,qe- peB HlibiM nonaCT M H TpHMMepaM. K KOHLlY 60-x ro,qOB YonnHC nOCTpo- Hn 8 MOAeneH aBTO>KHpOB H yCTaHo- BHn Ha HHX peKop,qbl BblCOTbi (4680 M), npH061l\eHHIO nlO6HTeneH K TeXHH'le- CKOMY TBOpljeCTBY. O,qHaKo npOCTOTa H ,qocTynHoCTb c<nTepo,qaKTHneH» CKOpO 06epHynHcb HeraTHBHoH CTOpOHOH. B BO'3,qyxe Bce '1al1le CTanH nO BnJlTbCI! annapaTbl, yn- paBn eMble nnoxo 06Y'leHHblMH n106H- Ten MH H He,qHCLlHnnHHHpOBaHHblMH nHnOTaMH. B CB 3H C 3THM B pJl,qe CTpaH COljnH He06xo,qHMbiM BBeCTH on- pe,qeneHHbie OrpaHH'IeHHJI ,qnl! caMO- Aenbl1lHKoB. B ljaCTHOCTH, 06J13aTenbHoH npHHa,q- neHCtfOCTblO 06na,qaTen CBepxnerKoro annapaTa CTan napaWIOT, BblCOTa no- neTa He ,qonHCHIl npeBblwaTb 1 SO M (H TonbKO B ,qHeBHoe BpeM ), eMKOCTb TonnHBHoro 6aKa orpaHHljeHa 100 n. B AHrnHH, CbpaHLlHH H JIITanHH pa3pe- WHnH nocTpoHKY ,qByxMecTHbix annapa- TOB, HO B Q)P MO)f(HO C03,qaBaTb Tonb- KO o,qHOMeCTHble _ H, KaK rOBopHTC , T. ,q. H T. n. Ha O,qHOH H3 nocne,qHHX Me>K,qYHII- pO,qHblX BblCTaBOK 6btnO npe,qcTaBneHo 60nee 20 THnoa CBepxnerKHX neTa- TenbHblX annapaTOB pa3HbiX KnaCCOB (BKnlO'Ia MOTo,qenbTannaHbl). EHCero,q- HO B paMKax Q)AH opraHH3ylOTc KOH- cjJepeHLlHH KOHCTPYKTopoB-nI06HTeneH. CBepxnerKHMH neTaTenbHblMH anna- paTaMH 3aHHTepeCOBanHCb H BoeHHble. TaK, HCypHan «Q)naHHr» B anpene 1982 ro,qa OTMeljan, IjTO OHH YHCe npH- MeH IOTC BoopYHCeHHblMH CHnaMH CWA ,qnl! niK Ha3blBaeMOH «THXOH pa3- Be,qKH». --_._,.. - It -- ' . \': : .... _. :: .- '", -"""'" .. oc . . ",-<..- " · '" .... - t.., ' . ' ' . ........__f . ;o, ......... H a 3 aCT a B K e: 3Hcr;epHMeHTanb- MOI1lHOCTblO 38 n. c. J1HaMeTp HeCYl1Ie- HblH cBepxnerKHH BepTOneT XAH-22A, ro BHHTa - 5,4 M. - Bec nycToro - c03AaHHblH B cTYAeHljeCHOM K& Xapb- 90 Hr. CHOpOCTb - 100 HM/II. CTaTH- KOBCKoro aBHaLlHoHHoro HHcTHTYTa lIecHHH nOTonOH - 2000 M. J1eMoHCT- (CCCP, 1968 roA). OAHoMecTHbIH, OAHO- pHpoBancR Ha BAHX CCCP B -i968 rOo BHHTOBOH. MOTOLlHMneTHblH ABHraTenb AY. r fl n -. ' -- o It FV 71 'per.. iii 7 II" ,." t;. , \ I': .' . 71. 3KcnepHMeHTanbHbiA aBTOHCHp KPAYCC TRS-111 (ClJpr, 1970 rOA). OAHO- MecTHbIH, OAHOBHHTOBOH. ABHraTenb aBToMoCSHnbHbIH, MOI1lHOCTt.1O 90 n. c. AHaMeTp HecYlltero BHHTa - 7 M, AHa- MeTp TOnKalOI1IerO BHHTa - 1,27 M. B KOHCTPYHLlHH npHMeHeHbi CTeKnonna- CTHHH.
. - ABnbHOCTH (60nee 1200 KM), CKOpOCTH (179 KM/ ) H rpY30noA"eMHoCTH, KO- Topble 6blnH YTBepHCAeHbl a>AI-1. no- cne 3Toro H306peTBTenb 3BHJlnCJI pa3- pB60TKOH ,qBHrBTenJi C HB,q,qYBOM ,qnJl nepeneTB HB MHKpOBBTO)f(Hpe epe3 BbICO BHWYIO BepwHHY MHPB ,A)f(OMO- nYHrMY. 3BnB,qHBJI npeCCB He )f(Bneni3 113BH- TenbHblX np03BIotLl.l, ,qnJl neTBTenbHblX Bnri'BpaToB, H3rOTOBneHHbiX B ,qOMBW- HHX ycnoBHJlX. I-1x HMeHOBBnH «nTepO- ,qBKTHnJlMH», «rH6pH,qBMH MOTOLlHKnB C' nBPYCHOH i10,qKOH», (<neTBIOLI.I,HMH we3nOHrBMH». Ho B 1981 ro,qy BMepH- KBHCKHH HCYPHBn «MH HrBH BBHBHWH» YCTBHOBHn, TO B MHpe (He C HTBJI CO- LlHBnHCTv. CC"HJ( CTpBH) nOCTpoeHO nlO- 6HTenJlMH H 06neTBHO 60nee' 20 TbIC. cBepxnerKHx neTBTenbHbiX annBpBTOB pB3HbiX THnOB. B 310M OTHoweHHH npo- 1ot3BO,qCTBO .I<HaCTOJlI1lHX» CBMoneTOB H BepToneTOB 3BMeTHO OTCTaeT. 50nee Toro, C03,qBTenH CBMo,qenbHbl1l MHHH-BepToneTOB H BBTOHCHpOB cyMe- nH onepe,qHTb «q,HpMeHHbIX» KOHCT- PYKTOPOB B pB3pB60TKe y,qBIIHblX, npo- CT'bIX H ,qeweBblX KOHCTPYKLlHH, He06bi- IIHblX KOMnOHOBOK, CBepxnerKHe MB- WHHbl OKB3BnHCb BeCbMB nepcneKTHB- H IMH. B BCTHOCTH, HH TO He MewaeT nepe060Py,qOBBTb HX B TeneynpBBnJle- Mble, 6ecnHnOTHbie BnnBpBTbl cneLlH- anbHoro HB3HB eHHJI. MOHCHO OCHBC- THTb HX Typ60BHHTOBblMH ,qBHrBTenJlMH, B TOM Hcne ,qBYXKOHTYPHblMH, ,qBHrB- TenJlMH BBHKenJl, B03AYWHo-peaKTHB- HblMH ,qBHrBTenJlMH, pB3Mel1leHHblMH HB KOHLlBX nonBCTeH HeCYLI.I,ero BHHTB. He cny aHHo HeKoTopble 3Bpy6eHCHbie BBHacTpoHTenbHble KOMnBHHH npHcry- nHnH K pB3pB60TKe H HcnblTBHHJlM cBepxnerKHx lJIepTOneToB 'H BBTOHC'HpOB. 1-13 ro,qa B ro,q 3B rpBHHLleH pBCTeT BblnyCK H npo,qaHCB MBnorB6BpHTHbiX ,qBHrBTeneH ,qnJl CBepxnerKOH BBHBLlHH, B TBlOKe BepToneTOB, aBTOHCHpOB H CB- MoneTOB, pBcnpOCTpBHJleMblX cneLlHa nH3HpOBBHHblMH q,HpMBMH B KOMnneK- TBX ,qnJl C60PKH B ,qOMBWHHX ycnoBH- JlX. B pe3ynbTBTe oTnB,qBeT He06xo,qH- MOCTb B KOHBeHepax ,qnJl C60PKH Ma WHH .!Ia 3BBo,qe. CpBBHHTenbHO HeBbl- co/':aJl CTOHMOCTb TaKoro KoMnneKTB npHBneKaeT MHorO HcneHHbIX 3BKa3 H- KOB, ,liB H C60PKB BepToneTB HnH BBTO- HCHpB CBOHMH PYKBMH cnoc06cTByeT , HBweM CTpBHe nlO6HTenbCKoe aBHIIKOHCTPYHpOBBHHe HB BnOCb eLl.l,e B 20-x ro,qax. I-1MeHHo 1013 cpe,qbl 3HTY- 3HaCTOB BBHaLlHH BblwnH npocnBBneH- Hble aBHBKOHCTPYKTOPbl O. K. AHTOHOB, C. B. I-1nblOwHH, y eHble 101 HHHCeHepbl B. C. BBXMHCTPOB, C. n. KoponeB, MHorHe neT HKH. Y)f(e Tor,qB CTBno o e- BHAHO, TO C03,qBTenH CBMo,qenbHblX neTBTenbHblX annBpaTOB - 6y,qb TO nnBHepbl, CBMoneTbl HnH aBTO)f(Hpbl, MoryT COCTBBHTb o«30nOTOH q,OH,q» HB- wei1 BBHaLlHH. 1BK, Bnpo eM, 101 nony- HnOCb. HblHe nlO6HTenbCKoe BBHBCTpoeHHe nonY Hno aH60nb'wee pB3BHTHe B CTY- ,qeH eCKHX KOHCTPYKTOPCKHX 61OpO, ,qeHCTBYIOLI.I,HX npH BY3BX C BBHBLIHOH- HblM YKnCJHOM, K npHMepy, B MOCKOB- CKOM, XBploKOBCKOM, KB3BHCKOM aBHB- LlHOHHblX HHCTHryTBX. B 3TOM eCTb on- pe,qeneHHaJi 3BKOHOMepHOCTb - Be,qb TonbKO B npOLlecce CO:o,qBHHJI opHrH- HBnbHoro neTBTenbHoro annBpBTB 6y- AYLI.I,HH aBHBLlHOHHblH HHHCeHep CMOHCeT pB3BHTb TeXHH eCKoe Bo06pB)f(eHHe 101 npH06peCTH He06xo,qHMbie HBBbIKH, KO- Top*,le HeB03MOHCHO nony HTb 11 BYAH- TOpHH, Ha neKLlHH HnH no epnHYTb Ha CTpBHHLlBX Y''1e6HHKB. ...B CeHTJl6pe 1983 ro,qa B KPbIM- CKOM nocenKe nnaHepcKoe, HB 3HBMe- HHTOH rope KneMeHTbeBB, 6nH3 KOTO- pOH nonBeKB Ha3B,q 3BpOHC,qilnCJI co- BeTCKHH nnBHepH3 , 6bln npOBe,qeH BCecOlO3HblH CMOTP-KOHKYPC neTB- TenbHblX annBpBTOB, C03,qBHHbiX KOH- CTPY'KTopBMH-nI06HTenIlMH. n06bl'BBB 'B nnBHepcKoM, reHepBnb- HblH KOHCTPYKTOP, repoH COLlHBnHcTH- eCKoro 1Py,qB O. K. AHTOHOB OTMe- Tl1n, 'ITO rpy,nnbl n.106HTeneH-3HT'Y3H- BCTOB npoeKTHpYIOT 101 CTpOJIT MHHH-CB- MoneTbl, MOHonnBHbl 101 6HnnBHbi HB KO- neCBX 101 HB JlblHCBX, HB B03,qYWHOH no- ,qYWKe, CTpOJIT rH,qpocBMoneTbl j<t Bep- ToneTb'. CTpOJlT, KBK npBBHno, rpBMOT- HO, cepbe3HO H3Y BJI BBHBLlHoHHylO HB- 'YKY, TI1IBTenbHO OT,qenblBBIi ,qeTaJlH. BbICOK JI OLleHKB reHepBnbHblM KOH- CTPYKTOPOM TBop ecTBB '«CBMo,qenbLl.l,H- KOB» CBH,qeTenbcTByeT 0 TOM" TO Y HBweH «60nbWOH BBHaLlHH» eCTb XO- POWHH pe3epB. OCTBeTCJI nHWb CBoe- BpeMeHHO H npBBHnbHO HaHTH eMy npHMeHeHHe. - /t \ -- '1b.1..J. :' Ii '" . , -. :t.." r it ". t' -...., ,'. \, - .. .. .. "" l", -______- , " ' .....,-: . -:- ,.", r 't" ,': ..,' " r r.' 72. OAHoMecTHblM aBTOHl:Mp YollnMca WA-116 Mnacca E-3a (AHrnHR, 1971 rOA). ABHraTenb «lPpaHKnHH 2B" - 120 A MOI1lHOCTblO 60 n. c. I1MaMeTp HecYl1Iero BHHTa - 6,2 M. nOneTHaR MBcca - 317,5 Kr. CKOpOCTb (6e3 nOA- BeCHblX !SaHOB) - 161 HM/ . AanbHocTb MaHcHManbHaR' - 1207 KM. MaHcHManb- H8R npOAOIIJICHTenbHocTb noneTa- 6 25 MMH. HMencR ABYXMecTHblM Ba- pHaHT. i 73 ' \ ''!... 73. CBepxnerHMM TaKTH eeHHM BepTO- neT '«MHHH-ifonTep.. MC-S 4JHPMbl «A3pO- cneHc AHl:eHepan.. (CWA, 1978 reA). OAHoMecTHbIM, OAHOBHHTOBOM. JKHAHo- cTHo-peaKTHBHbIM ABHraTenb, pa6oTalO- I1IHM Ha nepeKHcM BOAopoAa. AHaMeTt? HecYl1Iero BHHTa - 5,48 M. B3neTHblH Bee - 272 Hr. Bec nYCTOro - 72,5 Hr. MaHCHManbHaR CKOpOCTb - 193 KM/ . CTaTH ecKHM nOTOllOK - 6100 M. Aan.... HOCTb - 400 KM. npeAycMoTpeHa C"IoeM- HaR Ra6HHa. 72 '" '. ..j . <--. <." -; , !!: '" . '- " .......... .(: . I " A " " \. L . . . ..... '. -{ t . .... J i l. . .. (-