ǨȓȍȒșȍȑ
ǵǨǫǰ
DzǶǵǾǭǹǹǰȇ
ǵǨ DzǸȃȀǭ ǴǰǸǨ
ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȈȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȖ-ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȟȍșȒȈȧ
ȗȘȖȏȈ -ȝ ȋȋ ǺȖȔ XXVII
Salamandra P.V.V.

ǵȈȋȐ Ǩ. dz
DzȖȕȞȍșșȐȧ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȈȊȈȕȚȦȘȕȖ-ȜȈȕ-
ȚȈșȚȐȟȍșȒȈȧ ȗȘȖȏȈ -ȝ ȋȋ Ǻ XXVII). — ǩ Ȕ: Salamandra
P.V.V., 2019. — 126 ș — (Polaris ǷțȚȍȠȍșȚȊȐȧ ȗȘȐȒȓȦȟȍ-
ȕȐȧ ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȒȈ Ǫȣȗ ǹǹǹǽVI).
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȑ țȟȍȕȣȑ Ȑ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȈȚȍȓȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȖȓț-
ȟȈȍȚ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȦ ȕȈ ȌȖȉȣȟț țȕȐȒȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȋȖ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ǵȖȊȖȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȑ ȔȍȚȈȓȓ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șțȓȐȚ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ Ȋ ȚȍȝȕȐȒȍ
— ȚȖȓșȚȖșțȔȈȔ Ȑȏ ǹȀǨ ȊȖ ȋȓȈȊȍ ș ȔȐȓȓȐȈȘȌȍȘȖȔ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ Ȗȕ Ȗȉȍ-
ȡȈȍȚ ȗȖȉȍȌț ȕȈȌ ȕȍȕȈȊȐșȚȕȖȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȍȑ șȚȈȊȠȍȑ Ȓ  ȋȖȌț șȖȦ-
ȏȖȔ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊ
© Author, estate, 2019
© Salamandra P.V.V., ȗȖȌȋ. ȚȍȒșȚȈ, ȖȜȖȘȔȓȍȕȐȍ, 2019

DzǶǵǾǭǹǹǰȇ
ǵǨ DzǸȃȀǭ ǴǰǸǨ

7
I
ǯȁǾǻǼdz ǵǮǿdzDzǮǻǶdz ǰǿǻȃ dzǰǾǮǵǶǶ
ǯȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȖșȤ ȗȖȘȈȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ șȖȉȣȚȐȍȔ ǷȘȐȠ-
ȓȖșȤ ȎȌȈȚȤ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȟȐȒȈ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȟȈșȣ ǬȊȖȘȞȈ ǺȘțȌȈ șȣȋȘȈȓȐ
ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȈȒȒȖȘȌȣ «ǭȊȘȈȏȍȓȓȣ» ȕȈ ȗȖȘȖȋȍ ȏȈȓȈ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȑ
ȗȖȧȊȐȓșȧ ȌȖȓȋȖȎȌȈȕȕȣȑ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȟȐȒ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȉȣȊ-
ȠȐȑ Ȑȏ dzȝȈșșȣ ȗȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȤ Ǫǹǵǽ ǺȐȉȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ǹǹǹǸ dzȦ-
ǽȍȕ-ǫȖ
dzȦ-ǽȍȕ-ǫȖ ȒȈȒ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȉȣȓ ȕȍȊȖȏȔțȚȐȔȖ șȗȖȒȖȍȕ DzȐ-
ȊȖȒ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ — Ȑ Ȗȕ țȎȍ șȐȌȍȓ ȕȈ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȔ ȔȍșȚȍ
ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȓȐ Ȓ ȘȈȏȉȖȘț ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȊ ȗȖȊȍșȚȒȐ
ǷȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȓȈȕ ǻȘȈȓȈ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ «ȊȍȘȔȐȠȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȔ» ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȔ ǹȖȊȍȚ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȊȧȓȖ șȓțȠȈȓ ȞȐȜȘȖȊȣȍ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ
Ȗ ȊȣȗȓȈȊȒȍ ȗȓȈȚȐȕȣ Ȑ ȌȘțȋȐȝ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȖȊ ǷȘȖȍȒȚ șȌȈȟȐ ȚțȘ-
ȉȐȕ Ȍȓȧ ȞȍȕȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǹȍȊȍȘȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȓȦșȈ
ȉȣȓ ȚȖȎȍ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕ ȉȍȏ ȊșȧȒȐȝ ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȐȑ ȗȖ ȐșȚȍȟȍȕȐȐ 
ȔȐȕțȚ ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȕȖȘȔȈȓȤȕȖ ǪȍșȤ ȗȓȈȕ ȗȘȖȘȈȉȈȚȣ-
ȊȈȓșȧ ȗȘȍȌȊȈȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȋ ǫȖșȗȓȈȕȈȝ ȏȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȕȕȣȝ șȖȦȏ-
ȕȣȝ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ ȘȍșȗțȉȓȐȒ Ȑ ȉȣȓ ȖȌȖȉȘȍȕ ǪȍȘȝȖȊȕȣȔ ȗȓȈȕȖ-
ȊȣȔ șȖȊȍȚȖȔ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǪȚȖȘȖȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș — șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ Ȗ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȔ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ
Ȍȕȧ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȕȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȚ ȗȖ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȜȐȒȈȞȐȐ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȐ ȚȘȍ-
țȋȖȓȤȕȐȒȈ ǩȖȔȉȍȑ-ǺȈȠȒȍȕȚ-ǷȍȚȘȖȗȈȊȓȖȊșȒ-ȕȈ-DzȈȔȟȈȚȒȍ —
ȚȖȎȍ ȕȍ ȊȣȏȊȈȓ ȗȘȍȕȐȑ ȐȓȐ ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȊ
Dz ȘȈȉȖȚȈȔ ȗȖ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȜȐȒȈȞȐȐ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȋȖ ȘȈȑȖȕȈ
ȗȘȐșȚțȗȓȍȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȡȍ ȌȊȈ ȋȖȌȈ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ — Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȋȖȌȖȊ-
ȡȐȕȣ ȗȘȖȊȖȏȋȓȈȠȍȕȐȧ ǹȖȦȏȈ ǹȖȞȐȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ
ǸȍșȗțȉȓȐȒ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ Ȋșȍȝ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ Șȍș-
ȗțȉȓȐȒ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȒȈ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȊȠȍȋȖșȧ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȗȖ ȟȈșȚȧȔ — ǭȊ-
ȘȖȗȖȑ Ȑ ǨȏȐȍȑ
ǺȘȍȚȐȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș — ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ
ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȐȕț ǹȍȊȍȘȖ-ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒț — ȊȣȏȊȈȓ ȖȎȐȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȖȉȔȍȕ ȔȕȍȕȐȑ

8
ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȤ ǹȖȊȕȈȘȒȖȔȈ ǨȕȋȓȐȐ ǩȓȥȒ-
ȉȖȘȕ ȍȡȍ ȌȖ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȈ dzȦ-ǽȍȕ-ǫȖ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ șȕȧȚȤ ȊȖȗȘȖș
ș ȗȖȊȍșȚȒȐ ǩȓȥȒȉȖȘȕ ȉȣȓ ȊȖȏȉțȎȌȍȕ ǵȍȚ Ƕȕ ȕȍ șȖȋȓȈșȐȚ-
șȧ ȖȉșțȎȌȈȚȤ ȥȚȖȚ ȊȖȗȘȖș Ǭȓȧ ȟȍȋȖ Ȏȍ șțȡȍșȚȊțȦȚ ȒȖȕȚ-
ȘȖȓȤȕȣȍ ȞȐȜȘȣ ǪȍȘȝȖȊȕȖȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȖȊȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȚȈ" ǿȚȖ"! ǶȕȐ
ȊșȍȔ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣ"! ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ǵȖ ȘȈȏȊȍ ȚȈȔ ȕȍ șȒȈȏȈȕȖ ȟȚȖ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȧ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȍ ȕțȎȌȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȐȕȖșȚȘȈȕȕȖȔ ȒȈȗȐȚȈ-
ȓȍ Ȉ ȏȕȈȟȐȚ Ȑ Ȋ șȌȈȟȍ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ"
— Ǵȣ ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȔ țȎȍ ȠȍșȚȖȑ ȋȖȌ Ȋ ȗȘȍ-
ȌȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȑ ȒȖȔț ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ ȉȣȓȖ ǸȍȠȍȕȐȧ șȖȦȏ-
ȕȖȋȖ ǹȖȊȕȈȘȒȖȔȈ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ șȟȍȚ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȧșȕȣ ȇ ȊȖȖȉȡȍ
ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦ — ȋȖȘȧȟȐȓșȧ ǩȓȥȒȉȖȘȕ — ȕȈ ȒȈȒȖȔ ȖșȕȖȊȈȕȐȐ
șȚȈȊȐȚșȧ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȕȈ ȖȉșțȎȌȍȕȐȍ"
— ǷȖȓȤșȚȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȐȜȖȓȖȋȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȝȐȔȐ-
ȟȍșȒȐȑ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚ — «ȚȍȓȓȐȚ» ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ șȖȉȓȈȏ-
ȕȐȓ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ — ȧȌȖȊȐȚȖ ȘȈȏȢȧșȕȐȓ ȍȔț DzȖȓȍșȕȐ-
ȒȖȊ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤ ǹȐȉȐȘșȒȖȋȖ ȒȘȈȧ
ǬȖȒȓȈȌȟȐȒ dzȦ-ǽȍȕ-ǫȖ ȚȍȘȗȍȓȐȊȖ ȊȣșȓțȠȈȓ ȚȐȘȈȌț ǩȓȥȒ-
ȉȖȘȕȈ Ȑ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȐȏȓȖȎȐȓ ȚȖȟȒț ȏȘȍȕȐȧ ǺȐȉȍȚȈ
— ǶȚȒȘȣȚȣȑ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȖȔ ȗȖșȓȍ țȗȖȘȕȖȋȖ ȌȍșȧȚȐȓȍȚ-
ȕȍȋȖ ȚȘțȌȈ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȔȍȚȈȓȓ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȖȉȓȈȌȈȍȚ ȐșȒȓȦȟȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȔȐ ȗȖ șȊȖȍȔț ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȦ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈȔȐ ǶȌȐȕ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐ-
ȚȈ ȗȖ ȖȗȣȚȈȔ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȔ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ
ș țșȗȍȝȖȔ ȏȈȔȍȕȧȍȚ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȒȐȓȖȋȘȈȔȔ ȘȈȌȐȧ ǹȔȍșȤ ȚȍȓȓȐ-
ȚȈ Ȑ șȚȍȒȓȈ — «ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ» — ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ șȊȖȐȔ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈȔ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȏȈȔȍȕȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȎȍȓȍȏȖ Ȑ șȚȈȓȤ ȕȖ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț Ȑ
Ȋșȍ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȣ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣȍ ȕȈțȒȍ Ȑ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖ-
șȚȐ ȀȐȘȖȒȖȍ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȚ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȊȖȘȖȚ Ȋ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȔȐȘȈ DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȍȔ ȉț-
ȌțȡȍȔ șȚȈȕȍȚ șȈȔȣȔ ȌȍȠȍȊȣȔ Ȑ ȗȘȖȟȕȣȔ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȖȔ Ȍȓȧ
ȎȐȓȣȝ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȒ Ȍȓȧ ȜȈȉȘȐȒ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ ȔȈȠȐȕ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈ-
ȕȖȊ ȌȈȎȍ Ȍȓȧ ȖȌȍȎȌȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ǷȈȔȐȘ
— ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖȘȖȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȊȖ ȊșȍȔ ȔȐȘȍ
— ǫȖșȗȓȈȕ ǺȐȉȍȚȈ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚ — ȏȈȒȓȦȟȐȓ dzȦ-ǽȍȕ-ǫȖ —
ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧ-
ȚȐȧ ȊȖȗȘȖș Ȗ ȕȈșȍȓȍȕȐȐ Ȑ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȐ ǷȈȔȐȘșȒȖȋȖ ȗȓȖ-
șȒȖȋȖȘȤȧ ȉțȌȍȚ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕ ȉȍȏȉȖȓȍȏȕȍȕȕȖ Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȖșȖȉȣȝ ȕȈ ȚȖ
ȏȈȚȘȈȚ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȕȈȘȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǯȈ ȥȚȖ ȋȖ-

9
ȊȖȘȧȚ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȊȈȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȈȕȕȣȍ ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȍ țșȓȖȊȐȧ
ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȈ ȔȍȎȌț ǭȊȘȈȏȐȍȑ Ȑ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣ-
ȔȐ ȀȚȈȚȈȔȐ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ǶȕȐ Ȗȉȣȟȕȣ ȏȈ ȐșȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȌ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȗțȕȒȚȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȐȔȍȍȚ ȗȘȈȊȖ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ țșȓțȋȈ-
ȔȐ ȌȊțȝ ȐȕȎȍȕȍȘȖȊ-ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȞȍȊ ȗȖȔȐȔȖ ȌȊțȝ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐ-
ȒȖȊ ȕȈȏȕȈȟȈȍȔȣȝ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȖȔ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ǶșȚȈȓȤȕȈȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȈȧ
șȐȓȈ ȊȍȘȉțȍȚșȧ Ȑȏ șȓțȠȈȚȍȓȍȑ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȊȣșȠȐȝ ȚȍȝȕȐȟȍșȒȐȝ
ȠȒȖȓ ǸȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȒȈ ȔȍșȚȖȘȖȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȊȍȌȍȚșȧ ȐșȒȓȦȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ȗȘȐ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȗȘȐșȗȖșȖȉȓȍȕȐȑ
— Ǵȣ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȔ ȌȖȗțșȚȐȚȤ ȊȣȊȖȏȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȏȈ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȣ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ — ȏȈȧȊȐȓ ǻȘȈȚȓȈȊȈ ȗȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȤ ǪșȍȐȕȌȐȑșȒȖȋȖ
ǹȖȦȏȈ ǹȖȊȍȚȖȊ — ȅȚȖȚ ȔȍȚȈȓȓ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȌȈȚȤ ȗȍȘȍȊȍș ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ,
ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔț ȍȡȍ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȊȠȍȔțșȧ ȋȕȍȏȌț ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȋȖ șȚȘȖȧ Ǩ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȗȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȦ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȊȐȌ-
ȕȣȝ țȟȍȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȖȑ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ȕȖ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ Ȑ Ȋ ȊȖȍȕ-
ȕȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ
— Ǫ ȚȈȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ — țȋȘȖȏȈ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȦ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȐ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǺȈȓȤ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤ ǫȖșȗȓȈȕȈ ǫȍȘȔȈȕȐȐ —
Ƕȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȑ ȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ șȖȝ-
ȘȈȕȧȍȚ Ȋ ȚȈȑȕȍ șȗȖșȖȉ ȌȖȉȣȟȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ǷȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊțȦȡȐȑ ȀȍȕȍȉȍȘȋ ș ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ
ȗȖȘȧȌȖȒ
ǺȈȒȖȋȖ ȉțȘȕȖȋȖ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȧ ȕȍ ȏȈȗȖȔȕȐȓȐ ȌȈȎȍ șȚȈȘȍȑ-
ȠȐȍ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȐ Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȊȠȐȍ ȏȈ ȐșȗȘȈȊȕȣȔ
ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȍȔ ȊȖșȍȔȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȘȈȌȐȖȌȐȒȚȖȜȖȕȖȊ ȏȈȗȐșȣȊȈȦȡȐȝ
Ȑ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȦȡȐȝ ȘȍȟȐ ȖȘȈȚȖȘȖȊ ȊȖ Ȋșȍ Ǫǹǵǽ Ȑ
ǹȖȊȕȈȘȒȖȔȣ Ȋșȍȝ șȖȦȏȕȣȝ ȘȍșȗțȉȓȐȒ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǸȍȠȍȕȐȍ Ǫǹǵǽ ȋȓȈșȐȓȖ
ǪȊȐȌț ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ șȗȖșȖȉ ȌȖȉȣȟȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ȑȏ ȋȖȘȕȣȝ ȗȖ-
ȘȖȌ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ șȖșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ ȚȈȑȕț ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȕȍ ȎȍȓȈȦȡȍ-
ȋȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȍȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚț ǸȣȒȖȊȈ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȒȖȕ-
ȞȍșșȐȐ — Ȗ Ț Ȓ Ȉ ȏ Ȉ Ț Ȥ ǷȖșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȈ
țȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȐțȔȈ ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȌȕȍȊȕȣȍ ȊȣȗțșȒȐ ȗȍȟȈȚȕȣȝ Ȑ ȘȈȌȐȖȋȈȏȍȚ țȎȍ
ȗȘȐȊȖȌȐȓȐ ȖȚȟȍȚȣ Ȗ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȊȠȍȔșȧ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȐ

Ǫǹǵǽ
ǪȖȗȘȖșț Ȗ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ țȌȍȓȧȓȖșȤ ȔȈȓȖ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ.
ǶșȖȉȖȋȖ ȔȕȍȕȐȧ ȌȍȘȎȈȓȐșȤ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȊȖșȚȖȟȕȣȍ Ȑ ȚȐȉȍȚ-
șȒȐȍ ȋȈȏȍȚȣ
dzȝȈșșȒȖȍ «DzȘȈșȕȖȍ ȏȕȈȔȧ» Ȋ șȚȈȚȤȍ «DzȖȕȞȍșșȐȧ ȕȈ ȒȘȣ-
Ƞȍ ȔȐȘȈ» ȗȘȐȊȖȌȐȓȖ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȌȖȊȖȌȣ
ǷȈȔȐȘ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓșȧ Ȓ ǺȐȉȍȚșȒȖȔț ǹǹǸ ȓȐȠȤ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ
ȋȖȌȈ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ǹȓȈȉȖȍ ȜȐȕȈȕșȖȊȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ǺǹǹǸ ȕȍ
ȌȈȍȚ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ ȌȍșȧȚȤ-ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȓȍȚ țȓțȟ-
ȠȐȚȤ ȉȓȈȋȖșȖșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȚȈȌȎȐȒȖȊ Ȑ ȧȋȕȖȉȖȊ ȎȐȚȍȓȍȑ ǷȈȔȐ-
ȘȈ ǸȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȚȤ Ȏȍ ȕȈ ȈșșȐȋȕȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȞȍȕȚȘȈ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ǺȐȉȍȚ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȍȚ ȒȈȒȐȍ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȤ-
ȕȣȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ Ȑ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ ȘȈșȝȖȌȣ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ Ȋ
ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ ȋȖȌȣ ȖȉȡȍșȖȦȏȕȖȔț ȉȦȌȎȍȚț
ǹȚȈȚȤȧ ȏȈȒȈȕȟȐȊȈȓȈșȤ ȚȈȒ
ǷȘȐ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ Ȏȍ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȕȣ țȓțȟȠȐȔ
ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȚțȏȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈșȍȓȍȕȐȧ ȌȈ țȊȍȓȐȟȐȔ Ȑ ȖȉȖȋȈȚȐȔ
ȕȈȘȖȌȕȖȍ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȖ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȑ ȕȈțȒț ȕȖȊȣȔȐ ȞȍȕȕȣȔȐ
ȊȒȓȈȌȈȔȐ
ǪȍȟȍȘȕȐȍ ȊȣȗțșȒȐ ȋȈȏȍȚ șȖȖȉȡȈȓȐ
ǷȖȓțȟȍȕȖ ȐȏȊȍȡȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȐțȔȈ ǾǰDz
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȗȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșț Ȗ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ șȖșȚȖȐȚșȧ ȟȍ-
Șȍȏ ȌȊȈ Ȍȕȧ  ȧȕȊȈȘȧ  ȋȖȌȈ

11
II
ǺǮǸ-ǸdzǾȀǶǸ ǻdzDzǼǰǼǹdzǻ
— ǪȖȗȘȖș ȘȍȠȍȕ ȇ ȋȖȚȖȊ ȕȈ ȒȈȒȐȍ țȋȖȌȕȖ ȎȍȘȚȊȣ
— ǪȈȠȈ ȏȈȌȈȟȈ ȗȘȖșȚȈ Ȑ ȧșȕȈ Ǫȣ ȏȈȑȔȍȚȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȖȔ
ȌȐȘȍȒȚȖȘȈ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ Ȑ ȌȖȒȈȎȍȚȍ ȍȔț ȟȚȖ ȚȍȖȘȐȧ ȅȑȕȠ-
ȚȍȑȕȈ ȊȖȊșȍ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȚ ȚȖȑ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȞȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ
ȗȘȐȗȐșȣȊȈȦȚ ȍȑ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ǩȍȓȈȉȍȌșȒȖȑ șȍȑșȔȖȋȘȈȜȐȟȍ-
șȒȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǴȖȐ ȜȖȘȔțȓȣ ȊȈȔ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȐȏȊȍ-
șȚȕȣ ȕȈȌȍȦșȤ"
— ǬȈ ǵȖ
— ǶȗȧȚȤ ȊȈȠȍ «ȕȖ»!..
— ǷȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ Ǫȣ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍ ȗȍȘȍțȉȍȌȐȚȍ ȅȑȕȠȚȍȑȕ ȗȘȈȊ.
ǰ Țȣșȧȟț ȘȈȏ ȗȘȈȊ ȇ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ șȖȋȓȈȠțșȤ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȚȤ ȊȈȠȐ
ȐșȟȐșȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȣȔȐ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ǸȈȏȘȍȠȐȚȍ ȊȈȔ ȕȈȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȈȠȍ,
ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ Ȑ ȔȕȐȔȖȍ șȖȋȓȈșȐȍ ȕȈȔ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ǸȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ
șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȐ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ
ǵȈșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȧ ȏȕȈȦ Ȋ ȊȈȠȐȝ ȎȐȓȈȝ ȚȍȟȍȚ ȕȐȟȍȔ ȕȍ ȏȈȗȧȚȕȈȕ-
ȕȈȧ ȒȘȖȊȤ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȞȈ ȅȚȖ ȖȉȧȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȊȈș ǽȈ-ȝȈ ǵȍȗȖȕȧȚ-
ȕȣȑ Ȑ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȣȑ ȖȚȒȈȏ ȥȚȐȝ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȍȑ ȘȈȏȉȐȓ
Ȋșȍ ȕȈȠȐ ȗȓȈȕȣ ǵȈȔ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȟȐȕȈȚȤ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ Ȑ
ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȗȖ-ȕȖȊȖȔț ǷȖȔȕȐȚȍ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȟȚȖ ȍȌȐȕșȚ-
ȊȍȕȕȖȍ ȗȖȒȈ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖȍ Ȑ ȊȖȖȉȡȍ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖȍ ȗȖ ȔȖȐȔ ȘȈș-
ȟȍȚȈȔ ȔȍșȚȖȘȖȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȐ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȔȐșȚȍȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȇ șȖȋȓȈșȍȕ ǵȖ ȊȍȌȤ
ȊȈȠȐ ȐșȟȐșȓȍȕȐȧ ȖȠȐȉȖȟȕȣ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȥȚȖ ȗȖȒȈȎȍȚ ȉțȌțȡȍȍ ǹ ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ Țȍȓ-
ȓȐȚȈ Ȕȣ ȘȈȏȋȈȌȈȍȔ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȥȚț ȗȘȖȉȓȍȔț ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ
— ǴȖȚȖȘ ȗȖȌȈȕ — ȗȘȍȘȊȈȓ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȊȖȠȍȌȠȐȑ Ȋ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚț ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ ȒȐȚȈȍȞ ǽț
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȋ ȌȖȘȖȋț
— Ǫ ȌȖȘȖȋț
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȖȌȕȧȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȗȖșȈȌȖȟȕțȦ ȗȓȖ-
ȡȈȌȒț țșȚȘȖȍȕȕțȦ ȕȈ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȖȔ ȥȚȈȎȍ ȕȍȉȖșȒȘȍȉȈ

12
— ǷȈȗȈ ȊȖȏȤȔȐ Ȕȍȕȧ ș șȖȉȖȑ Ǻȣ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȖ ȊȍȘ-
ȕțȓșȧ Ǵȕȍ ȚȈȒ șȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȉȍȏ Țȍȉȧ ȅȚȐ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȓȍȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ
Țȣ ȗȘȖȊȍȓ ȚȈȔ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ șȖȊșȍȔ ȐșȗȖȘȚȐȓȐ Țȍȉȧ
ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȈȗȈ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȊȏȧȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ ș șȖȉȖȑ"
ȅȌȐ ȌȖȟȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ țȊȍȘȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ș
ȉȖȓȤȠȐȔ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍȔ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȐȚ ȍȍ ǵȖ ȖȕȈ ȖȠȐȉȓȈșȤ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȉȣȓȈ
ȋȖȚȖȊȈ Ȓ ȖȚȢȍȏȌț ȘȈșșȟȐȚȈȕȈ ȘȖȊȕȖ ȕȈ ȚȘȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ șȟȐȚȈȧ
Ȑ ȗȐȓȖȚȈ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ șȔțȡȍȕȐȧ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ Ȑ ȕȍ ȌȖȎȐ-
ȌȈȧșȤ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȓ ȅȌȐ
— ǷȈȗȈ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ǫȣ ȊȍȌȤ ȖȉȍȡȈȓȐ Ȕȕȍ ȟȚȖ ȧ
ȗȖȍȌț ș ȊȈȔȐ Ȋ șȚȘȈȕț șȖȊȍȚȖȊ — ȅȌȐ ȗȘȐțȕȣȓȈ — ȇ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȈ ȗȖȊȐȌȈȚȤ ǷȈȔȐȘ ȇ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȗȖȊȐȌȈȚȤ ǴȖșȒȊț ȇ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ
Ǩ Ȋȣ ȝȖȚȐȚȍ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ șȕȖȊȈ ȏȈ ȉȖȘȚȖȔ — ȍȍ ȋȖȓȖș ȏȊț-
ȟȈȓ ȒȈȗȘȐȏȕȖ Ȑ ȕȈșȚȖȑȟȐȊȖ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȏȈȌțȔȈȓșȧ
ȅȌȐ ȉȣȓȈ ȌȖȘȖȋȈ ǬțȕȉȍȦ țȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ. ǰ șȍȑȟȈș Ȗȕ șȕȖȊȈ
ȖȉȌțȔȈȓ șȊȖȍ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȍ Ȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț Ȑ Ȓ ȅȌȐ
ǿȚȖ șȊȧȏȣȊȈȓȖ ȍȋȖ ș ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȖȔ" ǵȈțȟȕȈȧ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖșȚȤ" ǵȍȚ Ȑ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȕȍȚ ǪȍȌȤ țȎȍ ȌȊȈ ȋȖȌȈ ȒȈȒ ȖȕȐ ȉȍȏȖ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȖȟȕȖ ȘȈȏȖȠȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȖȞȍȕȒȍ ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȝ ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȊ ȔȐȘȖȏȌȈ-
ȕȐȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȒȖȘȍȕȍȓȣȔ ȒȖȕșȍȘȊȈȚȖȘȖȔ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ —
ȌȍȘȏȈȚȍȓȍȔ ǰ ȥȚȖ — ȊȖ ȊșȍȔ ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ȕȍ ȅȌȐ
— ȅȌȐ ȧ ȖȉȍȡȈȦ ȊȈȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȘȈȏ Ȕȣ ȖȚȗȘȈ-
ȊȐȔșȧ ȊȔȍșȚȍ Ǵȣ ȊȍȘȕȍȔșȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȍȕȍȑ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȇ ȎȌț
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȐȊȣȟȕȣȔȐ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧȔȐ ȘțȒȐ țȎȍ ȕȈșȚ-
ȘȈȐȊȈȓ ȋȘȖȔȒȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȍȓȤ țșȚȘȖȍȕȕȣȑ Ȋ ȞȍȕȚȘȍ ȒȈȉȐȕȣ ǽț Ȋ
ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȓ ȔȖȚȖȘ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȍȌȊȈ țșȗȍȓ ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȡȈȕȤȍ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ
șȟȈșȚȓȐȊ șȓȣȠȈȚȤ Ȗ ȍȍ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȐ ȗȖșȍȚȐȚȤ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȊȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȈ ȉȍșȠțȔȕȖ ȖȚȌȍȓȐȓȈșȤ ȖȚ ȗȖșȈ-
ȌȖȟȕȖȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȐ Ȑ ȗȖȌȕȧȊȠȐșȤ ȕȈ ȊȣșȖȚț Ȋ Țȣșȧȟț ȔȍȚȘȖȊ
ȗȖȔȟȈȓȈșȤ Ȓ ǪȍȓȐȒȖȔț ȖȒȍȈȕț
ǨȊȐȍȚȒȈ șȒȖȕșȚȘțȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȈȧ ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȈ ȉȍȏțȒȖ-
ȘȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ

13
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ǭțȕ-
ȉȍȑ Ȑ ǽț țȎȍ șȚȖȧȓȐ ȕȈ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖ-
ȊȈ ǪșȚȘȍȟȍȕȕȣȍ Ȋ ȗțȚȐ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȍ ȘȈȏȊȍȌȒȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ țȌȖ-
șȚȖȊȍȘȐȊȠȐșȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȢȍȏȌ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȐ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕ ȉȍșȗȘȍȗȧȚșȚ-
ȊȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȗțșȚȐȓȐ ȍȍ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȦ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȚȤ șȍȉȍ Ȋ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȐ șȌȍ-
ȓȈȚȤ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȐȗȧȚȐȔȐȕțȚȕȣȑ ȒȘȦȒ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȉȘȖșȐȚȤ
ȝȖȚȧ <ȉȣ> ȊȏȋȓȧȌ ȕȈ «ȒȘȣȠț ȔȐȘȈ» — ǷȈȔȐȘ ȒțȌȈ ȍȋȖ ȕȍ-
țȌȍȘȎȐȔȖ ȊȓȍȒȓȖ
ǸțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȐ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȑ ǹȈ-
ȉȖ ș ȕȍȚȍȘȗȍȕȐȍȔ ȎȌȈȓȐ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ȋȖșȚȍȑ
ǰȏȣșȒȈȕȐȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȐȔ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ
ȚȍȓȓȐȚ — ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȓȐ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ Ȋ ȕȈțȒȍ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȏȍ ȉȣȓ Ȑȏ-
ȊȍșȚȍȕ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȒȈȒ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ Țȍȝ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȒȘțȗ-
ȕȣȝ ȕȈțȟȕȣȝ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȍȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ șȚȖȧȓȐ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȉȓȐȎȍ Ȓ ȕȖ-
ȊȖȔț ȕȍȎȍȓȐ Ȓ șȚȈȘȖȔț — ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȔț șȚȘȖȦ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȗȘȐȊȍȚșȚȊțȧ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȝ ȕȍ țȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ — Ȑ șȘȈ-
ȏț Ȏȍ șȖȖȉȡȐȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȗȖȘȈȏȐȚȍȓȤȕțȦ ȕȖȊȖșȚȤ
— DzȖȔȗȈș ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȐȑșȧ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȐ ș ȚȍȓȓȐ-
ȚȖȔ ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȓ ȜțȕȒȞȐȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ Ǫșȍ ȕȈȠȐ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ ȊȖșșȚȈ-
ȕȖȊȐȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȚȡȍȚȕȣȔȐ ǷȖ ȐșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȐȐ ȒȖȔȗȈ-
șȈ ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȌȍȔȈȋȕȍȚȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȕ Ȑ șȖșȚȈȊ-
ȕȣȍ ȟȈșȚȐ ȍȋȖ țȚȘȈȚȐȓȐ șȊȖȐ ȗȍȘȊȖȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȣȍ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈ
— ȇ ȥȚȖ ȗȘȍȌȊȐȌȍȓ — șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ —
DzȖȔȗȈș ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȕ Ȑ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȔȈȚȍ-
ȘȐȦ ȉȓȐȏȒțȦ ȗȖ șȊȖȐȔ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈȔ Ȓ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚț Ǭȓȧ Ȋȣȧș-
ȕȍȕȐȧ Ȋșȍȝ ȥȚȈȗȖȊ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȍ-
ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȚȤ ȖȗȣȚ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȑ ǹȈȉȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ șȗȖȘȐȓȐ Ȗ ȚȍȖȘȐȐ ȖȚ-
ȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ȅȑȕȠȚȍȑȕȈ Ȑ ȚȈȒ țȋȓțȉȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȌȐșȒțșșȐȦ
ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȒȈȒ ȊȣȠȓȐ Ȑȏ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȈ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȑ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ǹȈȉȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ «ȐȏȔȍȕȣ» Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
Ǫ șȈȔȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȋȖȘȧȟȐȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȕȐȒ Ȑ ȕȍ-
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȓȐȟȕȣȑ țȟȍȕȐȒ ȅȑȕȠȚȍȑȕȈ ȗȘȐȊȖȌȐȓ ȘȧȌ ȉȓȍșȚȧ-
ȡȐȝ — ȗȘȈȊȌȈ ȔȈȓȖțȉȍȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ Ȍȓȧ ǹȈȉȖ ȕȖ țȊȓȍȒȈȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȝ Ȑ ȖșȚȘȖțȔȕȣȝ ȌȖȊȖȌȖȊ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȖșȕȖȊ ȚȍȖȘȐȐ ȖȚȕȖșȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ

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ǰ ȟȚȖ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ țȗȖȘȕȖ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȓșȧ
ȗȘȐȌȈȊȈȚȤ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȍ ȕȍȌȈȊȕȐȔ ȖȗȣȚȈȔ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȔ ȕȈțȟ-
ȕȣȔȐ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȈȔȐ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ ǹȈȉȖ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȖ — ǷȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȔ ȕȈ șȍȋȖ-
Ȍȕȧ ȕȈȠȐ ȌȍȉȈȚȣ ǯȈȊȚȘȈ ȗȘȐ ȊȈȠȍȔ ȓȐȟȕȖȔ țȟȈșȚȐȐ Ȕȣ ȗȖ-
ȊȚȖȘȐȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȌ ǴȈȘșȖȔ Ȑ ǹȈȚțȘȕȖȔ ǸȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ ȥȚȐȝ
ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ȉțȌțȚ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȒȘȈșȕȖȘȍȟȐȊȣ Ȑ țȉȍȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȣ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȌȖ ȗȖȏȌȕȍȑ ȕȖȟȐ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ
ȋȓȈȊȕȖȑ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ
ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȌȈȚȤ ȘȧȌ ȖșȚȘȖ-
țȔȕȍȑȠȐȝ ȖȉȢȧșȕȍȕȐȑ ȌȍȔȈȋȕȐȚȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȒȖȔȗȈșȖȊ ǿȍȚȣȘȍ
ȒȖȔȗȈșȈ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȘȐȒȖșȕȖȊȍȕȐȧ Ȓ ȚȍȓȓȐȚț ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȓȐ ȜțȕȒ-
ȞȐȖȕȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ
ǩȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧȔ Ȑ ȐȏȔȍȘȍȕȐȧȔ
țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȊȣȧșȕȐȚȤ ȓȐȠȤ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓȍ ȊȓȐȧȕȐȧ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȖȋȘȈ-
ȕȐȟȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȗȘȖșȚȘȈȕșȚȊȖȔ ȘȈȊȕȣȔ ȌȍȊȧȚȐșȚȈȔ șȍȔȐȌȍșȧ-
ȚȐ șȈȕȚȐȔȍȚȘȈȔ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧȝ ǯȈ ȥȚȐȔ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȖȔ
ȘȈȏȔȈȋȕȐȟȐȊȈȦȡȍȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȡȈȓȖșȤ
ǷȘȐ ȖȗȣȚȈȝ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȝ ȗȖȔȖȡ-
ȕȐȒȈ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ǹȈȔȣȑ ȔȖȓȖȌȖȑ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ — ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ DzȐș-
șȖȊȍȕ — ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ Ǫ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȖȔ ȜțȚȓȧȘȟȐȒȍ
— șȍȘȣȑ ȗȖȝȖȎȐȑ ȕȈ ȗȍȗȍȓ ȒȖȔȖȟȍȒ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȏȈȌȈȓ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȊ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȍȞ ș ȊȐȌȐȔȖȑ ȕȍȖȝȖȚȖȑ șȚȈȓ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȚȤ țȎȍ
ȌȈȊȕȣȔ-ȌȈȊȕȖ ȊșȍȔț ȕȈțȟȕȖȔț ȔȐȘț ȐȏȊȍșȚȕțȦ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ ȖȚ-
ȒȘȣȚȐȧ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ǫ ȒȖȕȞȍ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈ Ȗȕ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȕȍȖȎȐ-
ȌȈȕȕȖ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȌȈȎȍ Ȍȓȧ șȈȔȖȋȖ șȍȉȧ ȌȖȉȈȊȐȓ
— ǯȕȈȟȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȕȍȐȏȔȍȘȐȔȖ ǰ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȟȐ-
șȚȖ ȕȈțȟȕȖȔ ȕȖ Ȑ Ȋ ȌȍȓȖȊȖȔ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȐ ǺȍȓȓȐȚ ȗȖȔȖȎȍȚ
ȕȈȔ — ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȏȈȗȕțȓșȧ — ȖȉȢȧșȕȐȚȤ ȔȕȖȋȖȍ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȈșȚȖȘȖȎȐȓșȧ ǭȋȖ ȗȣȚȓȐȊȣȑ țȔ ȖȉȖșȚȘȍȕȕȖ
ȊȖșȗȘȐȕȧȓ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȚȖ ȍȌȊȈ țȓȖȊȐȔțȦ țȋȘȖȎȈȦȡțȦ ȕȖȚȒț Ȋ ȏȈ-
ȒȓȦȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ șȓȖȊȈȝ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ
— ǭȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ — ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ — ȊȖȗȘȖș ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ǷȖȟȍȔț
ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȝȘȈȕȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȜțȚȓȧȘȟȐȒȍ Ȑȏ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ ȚțȐ"
— ǪȈȠȐ ȉȖȚȈȕȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȗȖȏȕȈȕȐȧ ȌȍȓȈȦȚ ȊȈȔ ȟȍșȚȤ ǷȈ-
ȔȐȘșȒȈȧ Țțȧ ȘȈșȚȍȚ ȓȐȠȤ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȔ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔ țȋȖȓȒȍ ȔȐ-
ȘȈ — Ȋ ȔȍșȚȍȟȒȍ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȇ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȍȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȘȈșȚȈȕȐȍ

șȚȖȐȚ Ȋ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȖȑ șȊȧȏȐ ș ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ȋ ȕȍȌȘȈȝ
ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȍșȚȤ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȚȖȚ ȗȖșȍȓȖȒ Ȋ ȖȒȘȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ
ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȘȐȕȧȓ ȒȖȔȗȓȐȔȍȕȚ ȒȈȒ ȌȖȓȎȕȖȍ ȅȚȖ ȖȌȕȈ-
ȒȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȔȍȠȈȓȖ ȍȔț ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȚȤ șȊȖȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș
— ǫȔ ǬȍȓȖ Ȋ ȚȖȔ — ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ — ȟȚȖ ȗȖ
ȔȖȐȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧȔ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȈȧ Țțȧ — ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȐȏȖ-
ȓȧȚȖȘ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȝ ȓțȟȍȑ Ǻțȧ ȥȚȈ ȉȍȏțșȓȖȊȕȖ ȕȍȗȘȖ-
ȕȐȞȈȍȔȈ Ȍȓȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȐȏȓțȟȈȍȔȖȑ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȔ
Ƕ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȐ Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȖȔ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȗȖ ȊȖȗ-
ȘȖșț Ȗ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ
ȗȘȖȘȖȕȐȓ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ
ǷȖȧȊȓȍȕȐȍ ǹȈȉȖ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȗȖșȓțȎȐȓȖ șȐȋ-
ȕȈȓȖȔ Ȓ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȕȐȦ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȑ

16
III
ǻdzǼǴǶDzǮǻǻȉǷ ǿǹȁȆǮȀdzǹȊ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȘȈȏȔȍșȚȐȓȐșȤ ȗȖ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔț
ȎȍȓȈȕȐȦ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ
ǶȕȈ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȉȣȓȈ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȕȍȖȉȐȚȈȍȔȈ Ƕȉ ȥȚȖȔ șȊȐ-
ȌȍȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȊȠȐȍșȧ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȕȖșȚȐ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȖșȊȍȡȍȕȐȧ șȚȈȘȖȋȖ ȚȐȗȈ ǷȘȖȊȖȓȖȒȐ ȠȕțȘȣ ȕȍȒȖ-
ȋȌȈ șȚȖȓȤ Ȗȉȣȟȕȣȍ Ȑ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȍ ȈȒșȍșșțȈȘȣ țȎȍ ȚȘȐ ȋȖ-
ȌȈ ȒȈȒ ȉȣȓȐ ȐȏȋȕȈȕȣ Ȑȏ ȖȉȐȝȖȌȈ ȊșȍȋȖ ȔȐȘȈ
ǶșȊȍȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȧ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȌȘțȋȐȍ ȊȐȌȣ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖ-
ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȊȈȓȈșȤ ȗȖ ȉȍșȗȘȖȊȖȓȖȟȕȖȑ șȐșȚȍȔȍ ȐȕȎȍȕȍ-
ȘȈ DzȈȏȈȕȞȍȊȈ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ș ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚșȚȊȖȔ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț Ȑ ȕȍ ȉȍȏ
țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȧ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒțȦ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȒț — «ȗȈȔȧȚ-
ȕȐȒ șȚȈȘȐȕȣ» ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ ȍȍ ȖȒȘȍșȚȐȓ ȠțȚȓȐȊȖ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȓȦȉȐȓ ȖȉȌțȔȣȊȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȌȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ
«ǷȈȔȐȘșȒȈȧ Țțȧ ȐȏȖȓȧȚȖȘ ǵȈȌȖ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȌȈȕ-
ȕȣȍ Ȗ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ Țțȍ».
ǸȈȌȐȖȚȍȓȍȜȖȕ ȗȖȟȍȔț-ȚȖ ȕȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
— ǨȓȓȖ ǨȓȓȖ
Ǫșȍ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ ȊȣȏȊȈȚȤ dzȖȕȌȖȕ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȚȡȍȚȕȣȔȐ
ǯȈȚȖ șȗțșȚȧ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ ȗȖșȓȍ ȊȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧ ȚȖȒȈ Ȑȏ ȔȐȒ-
ȘȖȜȖȕȈ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓȐșȤ ȏȊțȒȐ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ șȘȈȏț ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ — ȕȍ dzȖȕȌȖȕ
ǵȍ țșȗȍȓ Ȗȕ ȏȈȗȘȖșȐȚȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȡțȦ șȚȈȕȞȐȦ Ȗ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȍ șȈ-
ȔȖȊȖȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȊȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȒ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȚ
Ȓ ȕȍȔț ȕȐȒȈȒȖȋȖ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȧ
— ǪȈȠȐ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȍȓȧ Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȔȣ Ȑ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ,
ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣ — ȊȖȏȊȍȡȈȓ ȔȐȒȘȖȜȖȕ
— ȅȚȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȐ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȅȚȖ ȗȘȐȏȣȊ Ȓ ȊȈȠȍȔț ȈȔȍȘȐ-
ȒȈȕșȒȖȔț ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕșȚȊț ǸȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȐ ǹȖȍȌȐ-
ȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ — ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓ ȖȚȊȍȚ ǫȖȓȖș ȗȖ-
ȒȈȏȈȓșȧ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȔ

17
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ǫ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ Ȍȕȧ ȧ țȎȍ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ȘȈȏ
șȓȣȠț ȥȚț ȈȘȋțȔȍȕȚȈȞȐȦ ǷȘȐȏȕȈȚȤșȧ ȖȕȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚ ȕȈ
Ȕȍȕȧ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȍ ȗȖșȚȣȓȖȋȖ ȚȘȦȐȏȔȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȏȈȌțȔȈȓșȧ ǪȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ ȊșȚȈȓ ȊȖȗȘȖș
ȐȔȍȍȚ ȓȐ Ȗȕ ȗȘȈȊȖ ȖșȚȈȊȈȚȤșȧ ȚȈȑȕȣȔ șȊȐȌȍȚȍȓȍȔ ȟțȎȖȋȖ
ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ"
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ — șȕȖȊȈ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȋȖȓȖș ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȈ — Ȕȣ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈ ȊȘȈȎȍșȒȖȑ ȏȍȔȓȍ
ǬȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȍ șȓȖȊȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ȖȚȊȍȚȖȔ ȕȈ ȍȋȖ
ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȍȕȐȧ Ƕȕ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȚȈȓ ȊșȓțȠȐȊȈȚȤșȧ
— ǸȍȟȤ ȐȌȍȚ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȒȚȖ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȊȓȈȌȍȚȤ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȔ! Ǻȍ
șȍȔȤ ș ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȖȑ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȧ ȊȣȕțȎȌȍȕ ȉȣȓ,
ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȌțȘȈȞȒȐȔ ȏȈȒȖȕȈȔ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ ǰȕ-
șȚȐȚțȚȍ ȕȈ ȝȘȈȕȍȕȐȍ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȌȈȚȤ ȕȈȔ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȗȘȐ țȔȍ-
ȓȖȔ ȖȉȘȈȡȍȕȐȐ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȚȐȚȤ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț ȊȖ ȊȓȈșȚȍȓȐ-
ȕȈ ȔȐȘȈ ǬȖ Țȍȝ ȗȖȘ ȗȖȒȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐ Ȑ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȔ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȌȖȉȣȊȈȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ
Ȕȣ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȣ ǰȔȍȧ Ȏȍ ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ ȥȚȖ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
Ȕȣ șțȔȍȍȔ ȗȖȌȟȐȕȐȚȤ șȍȉȍ ȊșȦ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ — Ȑ ȚȖȋȌȈ țȎȍ șȐ-
ȓȖȑ ȏȈȒȘȍȗȐȔ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ ȗȘȈȊȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȐȝ ȏȈ-
ȓȍȎȍȑ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ǶȗȖȔȕȐȚȍșȤ Ǫȣ ȗȘȍȌȓȈȋȈȍȚȍ Ȕȕȍ
șȖȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȊȈȔ Ȋ ȒȘȈȎȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ"
— ǬȈ — ȘȍȏȒȖ ȗȘȖȏȊțȟȈȓ ȖȚȊȍȚ — ǪȚȖȘȖȑ ȜțȚȓȧȘȟȐȒ Ȑȏ
ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ ȚțȐ țȎȍ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕ DzțȟȒȈ ȗȍȗȓȈ ȖȚ ȊȈȠȍȑ șȐ-
ȋȈȘȣ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȕȐȚ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ Ȑ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȕȣ Ȋ ǵȤȦ-DZȖȘȒȍ ȗȘȐ-
șȚțȗȐȔ Ȓ ȔȈșșȖȊȖȔț ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊț ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖșȚȘȖȑ-
ȒȐ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȝ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȑ ȗȘȐ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ Ȕȣ ȏȈȑȔȍȔ
«ȒȘȣȠț ȔȐȘȈ» ǹȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȠȈȋ — șȊȍȘȎȍȕȐȍ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȖ-
ȋȖ ǾǰDzµȈ Ȑ
ǵȈ ȥȚȖȔ ȏȊțȒȐ ȗȘȍșȍȒȓȐșȤ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓșȧ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ
«ǵȈȌȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ, — ȘȍȠȐȓ Ȗȕ Ȑ Ȋȏȋȓȧȕțȓ ȕȈ ȟȈșȣ. —
ǺȘȐ ȟȈșȈ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ».
— ǨȓȓȖ ǨȓȓȖ ǩȖȚȈȕȐȟȍșȒȐȑ șȈȌ dzȖȕȌȖȕȈ" ǹȖȖȉȡȐȚȍ
șȗȍȠȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȐȔȍȦȡȐȍșȧ ț ȊȈș ȌȈȕȕȣȍ Ȗ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ Țțȍ
— ǷȈȔȐȘșȒȈȧ Țțȧ — ȌȖȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȓ ȔȐȒȘȖȜȖȕ — ȘȈșȚȍȚ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȔȍșȚȍȟȒȈ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȍȋȖșȧ ȕȈ ȦȎȕȖȔ șȒȓȖ-

ȕȍ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ǶȚșȦȌȈ ȍȍ ȕȈȏȊȈȕȐȍ «ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȈȧ» ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȋȖș-
ȗȖȌșȚȊȈ ȌȈȓȈȑ-ȓȈȔȣ Țțȧ șȟȐȚȈȓȈșȤ șȊȧȡȍȕȕȣȔ ȌȍȘȍȊȖȔ Ȑ
ȘțȉȒȈ ȍȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȏȈȗȘȍȡȍȕȈ ȗȖȌ șȚȘȈȝȖȔ șȔȍȘȚȐ Ǫ ȕȈȠȍȔ șȈȌț
ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ ȌȊȈ ȥȒȏȍȔȗȓȧȘȈ ȚțȐ ȊȣȊȍȏȍȕȕȣȍ Ȑȏ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȠȍșȚȤ
ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ǹȟȐȚȈȦ ȕțȎȕȣȔ ȖȚȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȕȐȒȈȒ ȕȍ
ȔȖȎȍȔ șȖȏȌȈȚȤ Ȍȓȧ ȕȐȝ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ȒȓȐȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ
țșȓȖȊȐȑ Ȑ ȖȉȈ ȌȍȘȍȊȞȈ ȉȓȐȏȒȐ Ȓ ȋȐȉȍȓȐ DzșȚȈȚȐ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ — ȗȘȍȘȊȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ǹȒȈȎȐȚȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȦȚ ȓȐ
ț ȊȈș șȍȑȟȈș ȚȖȒȈȘȕȣȍ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒȐȍ"
— DzȖȕȍȟȕȖ ǵȖ ȗȘȐ ȟȍȔ Ȏȍ ȚțȚ ȚțȐ"
— ǷȖȋȖȌȐȚȍ ǵȍ ȚȍȘȧȑȚȍ șȊȧȏȐ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȇ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȎț Ȋ
ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȦ Ȑ Ȋȣ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȖȓțȟȐȚȍ ȔȖȐ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ
— ǭșȚȤ
ǰ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț
— ǨȓȓȖ ǨȓȓȖ ǹȈȌ" ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȤȚȍ Ȑȏ ȗȈȔȐȘ-
șȒȖȑ ȚțȐ ȌȊȍ ȒȖȘȖȉȖȟȒȐ ȏȈȒȘȣȊȈȦȡȐȍșȧ ȊȐȕȚȖȔ ǸȈȏȔȍȘȣ
ȒȖȘȖȉȖȒ ȠȍșȚȤ ȕȈ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ șȈȕȚȐȔȍȚȘȈ ȚȖȓȡȐȕȈ
șȚȍȕȖȒ — ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȖȌȐȕ ș ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȖȑ ȔȐȓȓȐȔȍȚȘȈ DzȖȘȖ-
ȉȖȟȒȐ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȚȤ ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȎȍ ȟȍȔ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ
— ǵȖ
— ǵȐȒȈȒȐȝ «ȕȖ» ȇ — ȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȕȣȑ ȟȓȍȕ ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȒȖȘȖȉȒȐ ȉȣȓȐ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ǶȕȐ ȔȈȚȍ-
ȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȐ ȚȖȟȕȖ șȖȊȗȈȌȈȓȐ ș ȜțȚȓȧȘȟȐȒȖȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ

19
IV
ǵǮǿdzDzǮǻǶdz ȄǶǸ dzǰǾǮǵǶǶ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȑȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ ȖȚ ȗȘȍȌșȍȌȈ-
Țȍȓȧ ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
Ƕ ȟȍȔ ȖȕȐ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȐȔ ȌȊȖȐȔ Ȑ
ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȊȠȍȔț ȕȈ ȉȍșȍȌȍ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȦ ǾǰDz ǩȍȠȐȍȊț
Ǫ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ țȚȘȈ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȧȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȋȖșȚȧȔ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȈȓ ȐȔ șȘȖȟȕȖȍ ȓȐȟȕȖȍ ȗȘȐȋȓȈȠȍȕȐȍ ȗȖȌȗȐșȈȕȕȖȍ ǩȍȠȐȍ-
ȊȣȔ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȍ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȐțȔȈ ǾǰDz
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȋ șȖȗȘȖȊȖȎȌȍȕȐȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȉȍȏ
ȏȈȔȍȌȓȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ DzȘȍȔȓȤ
ǷȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȤ ǾǰDz ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ șȗȖ-
șȖȉ ȌȖȉȣȟȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȏȈ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȌȖȓȓȈȘȖȊ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȕȈȖȚȘȍȏ
ǯȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ǾǰDz ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȒȘȣȚȖȍ ǪȈȎȕȍȑȠȐȔ ȗțȕȒȚȖȔ ȗȖ-
ȊȍșȚȒȐ ȉȣȓ ȊȖȗȘȖș Ȗ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ǶȕȖ ȗȘȖȌȖȓ-
ȎȈȓȖșȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊ
ǬȖȒȓȈȌȟȐȒ ȀȍȕȍȉȍȘȋ ȐȏȓȖȎȐȓ șțȚȤ ȌȍȓȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȊȍȓ Ȋșȍ
ȊȖȏȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȒȐȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȊȣȌȊȐȕțȚȣ ȕȈ ȏȕȈ-
ȔȍȕȐȚȖȔ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȐ Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǹȖȌȖȒȓȈȌȟȐȒȈȔȐ ȉȣȓȐ dzȦ-ǽȍȕ-ǫȖ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȒȘȈȚȒȐȝ ȗȘȍȕȐȑ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ țȟȈșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ ȗȘȍȌșȍ-
ȌȈȚȍȓȤ ǾǰDz ǹȖȔȔȍȘ Ȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǩȍȠȐȍȊ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȐțȔ ǾǰDz ȗȖ-
șȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ
ǽȖȌȈȚȈȑșȚȊȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȗ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȍȔț ȗȘȈ-
ȊȈ ȌȖȉȣȟȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȔȍșȚȍȟȒȈ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȍ-
ȋȖșȧȕȈȦȎȕȖȔșȒȓȖȕȍǷȈȔȐȘȈ—țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȐȚȤ
ǹȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȍ țșȓȖȊȐȑ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȈ Ȑ ȗȖȌ-
ȗȐșȈȕȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȘțȟȈȍȚșȧ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȐțȔț Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǷȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȒȖȕȚȘȖȓȍȘȖȔ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȕȈȏȕȈ-
ȟȈȍȚșȧ ȟȓȍȕ ǾǰDz ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
ǩȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ ȕȈțȟȕȣȍ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȐ Ȍȓȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȞȍș-
șȐȖȕȕȖȔ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȐ ȕȈȏȕȈȟȈȦȚșȧ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȖȔ ȗȘȐȒȓȈȌ-
ȕȣȝ ȕȈțȒ ȐȔȍȕȐ Ǩ ǰ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ
ǹȘȖȒ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ — ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȋȖȌȈ

20
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȐȕȧȓ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ dzȐȠȤ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȚȍȓȤ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȘȍ-
ȕȐȑ ș ȗȖȟȚȐ ȐȘȖȕȐȟȍșȒȖȑ țȓȣȉȒȖȑ ȊșȓțȠȐȊȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȘȍȟȤ DzȐș-
șȖȊȍȕȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȚȖȚ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗȉ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȑ ȕȈțȟȕȖȑ ȞȍȕȕȖșȚȐ
ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȧ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ȑ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖȉȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ ȒȈȒ șȈȔȈȧ ȗȘȖ-
ȋȘȍșșȐȊȕȈȧ Ȑ ȐȌțȡȈȧ Ȓ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐȏȔț șȚȘȈȕȈ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȈ
Ȋșȍ ȗȘȍȐȔțȡȍșȚȊȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȌȈȍȚ ȖȉȓȈȌȈȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȔ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȉȣȓ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕ ȗȘȐ ȖȋȓȈȠȍȕȐȐ Șȍ-
ȠȍȕȐȧ Ǭȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȊșȍȋȖ ȊȈȎȕȍȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍ ȌȖȋȖ-
ȊȖȘȈ ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȈȓȖ ȍȋȖ ȖȚ ȚȖȑ ȚȧȋȖșȚȕȖȑ ȘȖȓȐ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȕȈȏȕȈȟȈȓ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ǩ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ — ȊȍȌȤ ȒȖȕȞȍș-
șȐȧ ȌȈȍȚ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȅȌȐ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖșȍȚȐȚȤ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȦ ǰ Ȗȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȖ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚ
ȗȖ ȘȈȌȐȖȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕțȦ ȊȍșȚȤ
Ƕȕ țȋȖȊȖȘȐȓșȧ ș ȅȌȐ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȗȘȐȍȌȍȚ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȊȔȍșȚȍ
ș ȕȐȔȐ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈȟȕțȚșȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȗȖ ȗȖșȚȘȖȑȒȍ ȕȍȖȉȝȖ-
ȌȐȔȣȝ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ șȖȖȘțȎȍȕȐȑ
ǶȉȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ ȔȕȍȕȐȍ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȖȚȕȍșȓȖșȤ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ Ȓ Țȍȓ-
ȓȐȚȖȊȖȑ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȍȍ ȟȍȔ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȏȈșȍ-
ȌȈȕȐȧ Ǫǹǵǽ
ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȗȖșȍȚȐȓȐ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȚȘȍȝ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȦȡȐȝ
Ȍȕȍȑ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȗȧȚȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȎȍȓȈȦȡȐȝ ȖȏȕȈȒȖȔȐȚȤșȧ ș
ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȔ
ǩȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȗȖȗțȓȧȘȕȖșȚȤȦ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȐșȤ ȔȖȕȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ Ȗ
«ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ».
ǶȌȕȈ ȉȘȖȠȦȘȈ ȖȗȐșȣȊȈȓȈ ȔȍșȚȖ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȒȖȕȞȍș-
șȐȐ ȚȈȒ:
ǷȈȔȐȘ — ȗȖ-ȒȐȘȋȐȏșȒȐ «ǷȈȔ-Ȑ-ǬțȕȤȧ» («ȒȘȣȠȈ ȔȐ-
ȘȈ»), ȗȖ-ȒȐȚȈȑșȒȐ «ǿțȕȋ-dzȐȕȋ», — ȊȣșȖȒȈȧ ȋȖȘȕȈȧ șȚȘȈȕȈ
Ȋ ȞȍȕȚȘȍ ȚȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȓȈșȤ
«ǨȏȐȍȑ» Ƕȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ ȔȍȎȌț ǺȧȕȤ-ȀȈȕȍȔ ȕȈ șȍȊȍȘȍ Ȑ
ǫȐȕȌțȒțȠȍȔ ȕȈ Ȧȋȍ «DzȘȣȠȈ ȔȐȘȈ» — ȒȘțȗȕȍȑȠȍȍ ȗȓȖș-
ȒȖȋȖȘȤȍ ȔȐȘȈ ǶȕȈ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȧȍȚ șȖȉȖȑ ȞȍȗȤ ȊȣșȖȒȐȝ ȉȖȓȤ-
Ƞȍȑ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȣȝ șȕȍȋȖȔ ȝȘȍȉȚȖȊ ȊȖȏȊȣȠȈȦȡȐȝșȧ

ȕȈȌ ȌȕȖȔ ȗȘȖȘȍȏȣȊȈȦȡȐȝ Ȑȝ ȋȖȘȕȣȝ ȌȖȓȐȕ ȕȈ ȖȌȕț-ȌȊȍ ș
ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȖȑ ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȔȍȚȘȖȊ ǶșȕȖȊȈȕȐȍ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȖȓȐȕ ȐȔȍȍȚ
ȚȘȐ-ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȔȍȚȘȖȊ ȈȉșȖȓȦȚȕȖȑ ȊȣșȖȚȣ
DzȓȐȔȈȚ «ȒȘȣȠȐ ȔȐȘȈ» ȒȘȈȑȕȍ șțȘȖȊ Ȑ ȐșȗȖȓȕȍȕ Șȍȏ-
ȒȐȝ ȒȖȕȚȘȈșȚȖȊ ȏȐȔȖȑ — șȐȓȤȕȣȑ ȝȖȓȖȌ Ȑ șȕȍȎȕȣȍ ȏȈȕȖ-
șȣ ȓȍȚȖȔ — ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ șȐȓȤȕȣȍ ȗȣȓȤȕȣȍ ȉțȘȐ
ǸȈșȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȓȐȠȍȕȈ ȌȘȍȊȍșȕȣȝ ȗȖȘȖȌ.
dzȐȠȤ ȒȖȍ-ȋȌȍ ȍșȚȤ ȚțȐ Ȑ ȒțșȚȈȘȕȐȒȐ ȚȈȔȈȘȐșȒȖȊ Ȑ ȐȊȖȊȣȝ.
ǴȕȖȋȐȍ ȔȍșȚȕȖșȚȐ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȋȖȓȣ Ȑ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȣ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȈ-
ȔȍȕȕȖȑ ȗȣȓȤȦ
ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȓțȟȠȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ Ȋ ȌȖȓȐȕȈȝ
ǪȕȐȏț Ȋ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȑ ȡȍȓȐ ș ȗȖȟȚȐ ȖȚȊȍșȕȣȔȐ ȉȍȘȍȋȈȔȐ
șȚȘțȐȚșȧ ȘȍȟȒȈ ǷȖ ȉȍȘȍȋȈȔ ȐȏȊȐȊȈȍȚșȧ țȏȍȕȤȒȈȧ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȊȍȘ-
șȚȣ ȠȐȘȐȕȖȑ ȗȖȓȖșȒȈ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȋȌȍ ȓȍȗȧȚșȧ șȍȓȍȕȐȧ ǯȌȍșȤ
Ȏȍ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȣ ȎȈȓȒȐȍ ȗȖșȍȊȣ Ȉ ȘȧȌȖȔ ȊȣșȧȚșȧ ȋȘȖȏ-
ȕȣȍ ȕȍȗȘȐșȚțȗȕȣȍ șȒȈȓȣ
Ǫ ȏȌȍȠȕȍȔ ȒȓȐȔȈȚȍ țșȗȍȊȈȍȚ șȖȏȘȍȚȤ ȏȈ ȓȍȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȧȟ-
ȔȍȕȤ Ȉ ȗȠȍȕȐȞț ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȒȖȍ-ȋȌȍ șȍȦȚ Ȋ ȒȖȕȞȍ șȍȕȚȧȉȘȧ
șȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȏȍȓȍȕȖȑ Ȑ ȖȕȈ șȖȏȘȍȊȈȍȚ țȎȍ Ȋ șȕȖȗȈȝ
ǶșȚȈȚȒȐ — ȊșȍȋȖ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȊȖșȤȔȐșȖȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ — ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ
ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȧȋȕȖȉȖȊ ȏȈȋȕȈȕȕȖȋȖ Ȋ ȋȖȘȣ șȊȖȐ-
ȔȐ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȊȖȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔȐ șȖșȍȌȧȔȐ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȓȐ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȐ
ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ ȊȣșȖȒȖȑ ȒțȓȤȚțȘȣ ǹȘȍȌȐ ȘȈȏȊȈȓȐȕ ȌȘȍȊȕȍȋȖ ȔȈ-
ȏȈȘȈ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȍȕȣ ȖșȚȈȚȒȐ șȚȈȘȐȕȕȖȑ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȖȑ ȒȖȓȖȕ-
ȕȣ ș ȘȍȏȕȖȑ ȒȈȗȐȚȍȓȤȦ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȖȑ ȖȘȕȈȔȍȕȚȖȔ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖ-
ȘȖȔ ȕȍ ȖȚȘȈȏȐȓȖșȤ ȐșȒțșșȚȊȖ ȔțșțȓȤȔȈȕșȒȖȑ ȥȗȖȝȐ
ǴȕȖȎȍșȚȊȖ ȗȖȥȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȓȍȋȍȕȌ Ȑ șȒȈȏȈȕȐȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ Ȗ
ȌțȝȖȊȕȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȧȋȕȖȉȖȊ Ȋ ȗȘȖȠȓȖȔ. ȇȏȣȒ Ȑȝ ȒȘȈșȐȊ Ȑ ȏȊț-
ȟȍȕ Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȡȍȋȖ ș ȜȈȘșȐȌșȒȐȔ Ȑ Ȗȕ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ
ȕȍ ȗȖȝȖȎ ȕȈ ȕȈȘȍȟȐȧ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȕȣȝ ȊȖȒȘțȋ ȕȈȘȖȌȖȊ
ǫȈȏȍȚȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȍ șȒȘȣȊȈȓȐ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȕȐȧ — ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ,
Ȋ ȒȖȕȞȍ ȒȖȕȞȖȊ ȗȖȉțȌȐȓȖ ǾǰDz ȖȚȔȍȕȐȚȤ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ Ǫǹǵǽ"

22
V
ǻǼǰǼdz ǮDzǮDZǮDzdz
— ȇ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȓȈ ȎȐȚȤ ȖȌȕȈ ȉȍȏ ȖȚȞȈ ǵȖ ȚțȚ — ȥȚȖ șȐș-
ȚȍȔȈ ǹȒȈȎȐȚȍ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȘȈȏȊȍ ȧ ȕȍ ȗȘȈȊȈ" Ǵȣ ȗȘȐȍ-
ȝȈȓȐ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ  ȧȕȊȈȘȧ ǵȈ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȕȈȟȈȓȈșȤ
ȗȖșȚȘȖȑȒȈ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȋȖȘȖȌȒȈ
— ȅȌȐ ȍșȓȐ Ȋȣ ȝȖȚȐȚȍ ȗȖȘȈȏȐȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ Ȑ ȉȓȍșȕțȚȤ ȏȕȈ-
ȒȖȔșȚȊȖȔ ș ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍȔ Ȍȍȓ ȚȖ Ȋȣ ȟțȚȖȟȒț ȖȗȖȏȌȈȓȐ — ȊȖȏ-
ȘȈȏȐȓ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ. — ȇ ș țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍȔ Ȑ ș ȕȍ ȔȍȕȤȠȍȑ ȚȖȟȕȖ-
șȚȤȦ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎț ȊȈȠ ȖȚȟȍȚ  ȜȍȊȘȈȓȧ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ
ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȗȓȈȊȐȓȤȕȈȧ ȗȍȟȤ ȉȣȓȐ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ ǷȖșȚȘȖȑȒȖȑ
ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȓ ȓȐȟȕȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ȅȌȐ ȘȈșșȔȍȧȓȈșȤ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ ȚȈȒ ǵȖ ȧ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍ ȊȐ-
ȌȍȓȈ ȖȚȞȈ ǹȔȖȚȘȐȚȍ DzȖȏțȓȧ — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓȈ ȖȕȈ ȊȌȘțȋ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȉȣȓ țȌȐȊȓȍȕ ǴȖȓȟȈ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ Ȗȕ ȊșȓȍȌ ȏȈ Ȑș-
ȟȍȏȈȦȡȍȑ ȒȖȏțȓȍȑ Ȑ ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ
«ǷȘȍȎȕȍȑ ȅȌȐ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍȚ ǶȕȈ ȐșȟȍȏȓȈ ȒțȌȈ-ȚȖ ȗȖȚȖ-
ȕțȓȈ Ȋ ȊȖșȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȧȝ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȖȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȏȌȍșȤ ȊȔȍșȚȍ
șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ǶȚȞȈ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȐȚ ǵȖ ȘȈȏȊȍ ȖȕȈ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖ ȎȈȓțȍȚșȧ
ȕȈ ȥȚȖ" ǪȖȊșȍ ȕȍȚ ǶȕȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȐȕȖȋȌȈ ȊȖȚ ȒȈȒ șȍȑȟȈș Ȗȉ
ȖȚȞȍ ȕȖ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȗȖ ȗȘȐȊȣȟȒȍ ǬȈȎȍ ȕȍ Ȑȏ ȗȘȐȓȐȟȐȧ ǷȘȖșȚȖ
— ȗȖ ȗȘȐȊȣȟȒȍ ǪȍȌȤ ȧ — ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ș ȒȍȔ ȖȕȈ ȐȕȖȋȌȈ
ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ Ȗ DzȍȘȚȐȒȍ ǵȖ ȟȍȔ Ȏȍ ȖȕȈ ȏȈȕȧȚȈ" Ƕ ȟȍȔ
ȖȕȈ ȌțȔȈȍȚ" ǶȕȈ ȗȖȋȓȖȡȍȕȈ ȚȣșȧȟȈȔȐ ȕȖȊȣȝ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍ-
ȕȐȑ ǪȖȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ Ȕȕȍ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȊȍȓȐȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ
ȊȐȌ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ȚȖ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȒȈȍȚ ȍȍ ȚȖ țȋȕȍȚȈȍȚ “ȅȚȖ ȉȣȊȈȍȚ Ȋ Țȍ
ȘȍȌȒȐȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȧ ȖșȚȈȦșȤ ȖȌȕȈ”», — ȌȖȉȈȊȐȓȈ ȖȕȈ ȚȖ-
ȋȌȈ».
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ș ȟțȊșȚȊȖȔ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ ȐȏțȟȈȚȤ
ȕȖȊțȦ ȅȌȐ
«ǩȖȓȤȠțȦ ȟȈșȚȤ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ — ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȓ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ — ȅȌȐ
ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȚ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȐȓȐ șȖ șȊȖȍȑ ȕȖȊȖȑ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȖȑ — ǹȖȒȖȓȖ-
ȊȖȑ șȍșȚȘȖȑ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑȏ ȚȍȝȕȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȕȐȒȖȊ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕ-

23
ȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ ǹȓȈȊȕȈȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ DzȈȒ ȖȕȐ ȉȣșȚȘȖ șȎȐ-
ȓȐșȤ»
ǰ șȚȘȈȕȕȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȑȔȈȓ șȍȉȧ ȕȈ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ Ȓ ȒȖȔț
ȖȚȕȖșȐȓȖșȤ ȥȚȖ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȐȍ — Ȓ ȅȌȐ ȐȓȐ Ȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȖȑ
«ǪȖ ȊșȧȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ — ȘȍȠȐȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ — ȅȌȐ șȚȈȓȈ
Ȕȕȍ ȍȡȍ ȉȓȐȎȍ ȍȡȍ ȌȖȘȖȎȍ ȟȍȔ ȚȈȔ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ».
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ǪȏȋȓȧȕȐȚȍ ǯȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȍȕȍȑ ȖȒȘȍșȚ-
ȕȖșȚȤ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȐȏȔȍȕȐȓȈșȤ ȌȖ ȕȍțȏȕȈȊȈȍȔȖșȚȐ
ǹȖȋȓȈșȕȖ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȔț ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘț ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ
ȉȣȓ ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȚȤ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȖȉȣȟț ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȕȖ Ȑ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌ-
șȚȊȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ
ǩȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȔȈȠȐȕ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȖ ș ȔȈȠȐȕȖșȚȘȖȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ — ȗȘȍȐȔțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ș ǬȈȓȤȕȍȋȖ
ǪȖșȚȖȒȈ ǻșȚȈȕȖȊȒȖȑ Ȑȝ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȓȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȖȚȌȣȝȈ Ǫ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȣȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ Ȗȕ ȋȖȚȖ-
ȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȌȖȒȓȈȌț ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊț
ǭȋȖ ȌȕȍȊȕȐȒ Ȋșȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȧȓșȧ ȕȖȊȣȔȐ
ȟȍȘȚȍȎȈȔȐ ȗȓȈȕȈȔȐ ȗȘȖȍȒȚȈȔȐ ȊȣȊȖȌȖȊ
ǵȖ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ șȐȓȐȓșȧ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȍȔț ȕȍ țȌȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȗȖșȚȐȋ-
ȕțȚȤ șȐșȚȍȔȣ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧȝ Ȓ ȌȖȉȣȟȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
— ǶȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ șȖșȚȖȐȚ Ȑȏ ȘȧȌȈ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ȏȖȓȖȚȖȗȓȈ-
ȊȐȓȤȕȖȑ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ Ȑ ȔȐȕȐȈȚȦȘȕȖȑ ȔȈȘȚȍȕȖȊșȒȖȑ ȗȍȟȐ
— ȗȖȌȍȓȐȓșȧ Ȗȕ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȘȈȏ ș ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȣȔ
— ȅȚȖ ȧșȕȖ ȌȈȎȍ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍșȗȍȞȐȈȓȐșȚȈ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ
— ǵȖ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ șȖșȚȈȊȕȣȍ ȟȈșȚȐ ȥȚȐȝ ȌȊțȝ ȗȓȈȊȐȓȤȕȣȝ șȐ-
șȚȍȔ ȕȈșȚȖȓȤȒȖ «ȗȍȘȍȌȍȘȋȈȕȣ» ȟȚȖ ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖ-
ȎȐȚȤ ȒȈȒțȦ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȓȖȋȐȟȍșȒțȦ șȊȧȏȤ ȔȍȎȌț ȕȐȔȐ
ȅȚȖȚ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓ Ȋ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍ-
ȕȈ ǻ ȕȍȋȖ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ șȖȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȗȖȓțȟȈșȖȊȖȍ șȍȒȘȍȚȕȖȍ
șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ Ȋșȍ ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȍ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ ǯȌȍșȤ ȉȣȓȐ ȖȚȉȖȘȕȣȍ ȕȈȌȍȎȕȣȍ ȕȈțȟȕȣȍ șȐȓȣ
ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȊȣȌȍȓȧȓșȧ șȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ ȚȍȝȕȐȒ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ƕȕ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȋȖȌ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȓ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȟȍșȒȖȍ ȖȚȌȍȓȍȕȐȍ dzȍ-
ȕȐȕȋȘȈȌșȒȖȋȖ ȊȚțȏȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȉȣȓ ȓȦȉȐȔȞȍȔ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ǹ
ȓȖȝȔȈȚȖȑ țȔȕȖȑ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ ȕȈ șțȚțȓȣȝ ȗȓȍȟȈȝ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȕȈȗȘȈș-
ȕȖ ȉȣȓ ȕȈȏȕȈȟȍȕ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȔ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȖȔ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȍȋȖ
ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȈȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȈȧ șȔȍȚȒȈ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȘȈȏ ȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈ Ȟȍȕ-

ȕȣȍ țșȓțȋȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ǰ șȍȑȟȈș ȚȖȎȍ  ȧȕȊȈȘȧ, ȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓȖ ȗȖȓȕȖȍ ȖȌȖȉȘȍȕȐȍ
ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓȖșȤ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȏȈ-
ȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ Ƕȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ țȉȍȎȌȍȕ-
ȕȖ:
— ǵȈȔ ȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ șȚȈȓȖ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȕțȚȤ
Ȋ ȚȈȑȕț ȌȖȉȣȟȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȚȍ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȇ țȊȍȘȍȕ ȟȚȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒ ȗȖȔȐȔȖ șȗȖșȖȉȈ ȌȖȉȣȟȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ șȒȘȣȊȈȍȚ ȖȚ ȕȈș ȟȚȖ-
ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȊȈȎȕȖȍ ǿȚȖ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ — ȧ ȍȡȍ
ȚȖȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦ ǵȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈțȟȕȣȑ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤ — Ȗȉ
ȥȚȖȔ ȒȘȈșȕȖȘȍȟȐȊȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȍȋȖ ȖȚȒȈȏ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ
ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȈ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ Ȋ ȒȖȕȞȍ ȒȖȕȞȖȊ Ȑ șȍȑȟȈș șȟȐȚȈȍȚ-
șȧ ȕȈȐȓțȟȠȍ ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȕȣȔ Ȋ ȔȐȘȍ
ǴȖȑ ȗȓȈȕ ȗȘȖșȚ Ȑ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȐȔ ǪȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ ȍȋȖ
șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȐȚ ȕȈș ȖȚ ȊșȧȒȐȝ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȍȑ ǺȍȔ ȉȖ-
ȓȍȍ ȟȚȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȍ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ
ȌȖȓȎȕȖ ȧȊȓȧȚȤșȧ ȌȖșȚȖȧȕȐȍȔ ȠȐȘȖȒȐȝ ȕȈțȟȕȣȝ ȒȘțȋȖȊ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȏȕȈȓ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȈ ȍȡȍ șȚțȌȍȕȚȖȔ ǭȋȖ țȎȍ
ȚȖȋȌȈ ȗȖȘȈȎȈȓ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȑ țȔ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍȖȚȍșȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȈȘȕȧ
ǰ șȍȑȟȈș ȒȖȋȌȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȍȔț Ȗ șȊȖȐȝ șȖȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧȝ
ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ șȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ — Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȌȈȓ
ȍȔț șȊȖȐ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȕȐȧ
Ƕ ȗȖȌșȓțȠȈȕȕȖȔ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȍ Ȗȕ ȗȖȒȈ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ
ǵȖ ȊȍȌȤ Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȏȈ ȊȘȍȔȧ șȖȊȔȍșȚȕȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ș ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȖȔ ȕȈȒȖȗȐȓȖșȤ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȌȈȚȤ
ȖȉȐȓȤȕțȦ ȗȐȡț Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȕȐȑ
ǸȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ Ȑȝ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓșȧ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ
ǷȓȈȕ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȉȣȓ ȘȈȏȖȉȘȈȕ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȔȍȓȤȟȈȑȠȐȝ ȗȖȌ-
ȘȖȉȕȖșȚȧȝ DzȈȎȌȈȧ ȕȖȊȈȧ ȌȍȚȈȓȤ ȊȖșȝȐȡȈȓȈ ȖȉȣȟȕȖ ȝȖȓȖȌ-
ȕȖȋȖ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ǷȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖ ȇ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊ-
ȓȦ ȊȈȠ ȗȓȈȕ ȕȈ ȘȈșșȔȖȚȘȍȕȐȍ ǹǺǶ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȊȣȓȍȚȍȓ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț ǶȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ǵȤȦ-DZȖȘȒ
ȅȌȐ ȖșȚȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ǶȕȈ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓȈ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ ȗȖ-
șȍȚȐȚȤ ǴȖșȒȊț Ȑ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȏȍ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȚȤșȧ ȚțȌȈ ȊȔȍ-
șȚȍ ș ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȖȑ

25
VI
ȋǹǶǮǿ ǺǼǾDZǮǻ ȁDzǼǰǹdzȀǰǼǾdzǻ
ǬȖȒȓȈȌ ȓȐȟȕȖȋȖ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȧ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤșȧ ȟȍ-
Șȍȏ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ș ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȖȑ ȔȐȕțȚȣ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȉȣȓ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐȌȐȘȟȐȊ ǭȋȖ ȗȖ
șțȡȍșȚȊț ȔȈȓȖ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȐȓȐ ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȋ DzȈȓȐȜȖȘȕȐȐ
ǵȍȋȖȌȧȐ ǶȕȐ ȖșȔȍȓȐȓȐșȤ ȗȘȍȌȢȧȊȐȚȤ ȕȍșȓȣȝȈȕȕȣȍ Ȋ ȞȈȘ-
șȚȊȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȠȍșȚȐȟȈșȖȊȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ Ȑ
țȌȍȠȍȊȓȍȕȐȍ Ȟȍȕ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȖȌțȒȚȣ ȗȍȘȊȖȑ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȐ
ȖȚȗțșȒȈȍȔȣȍ Ȑȏ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȍȓȍȑ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȖȋȖ ȚȘȍșȚȈ
— ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ țȊȍȌȖȔȐȚȤ ȋțȉȍȘȕȈȚȖȘȈ DzȈȓȐȜȖȘȕȐȐ Ȑ ȕȈ-
ȗȖȔȕȐȚȤ ȍȔț ȟȚȖ ȧ ȕȍ ȕȈȔȍȘȍȕ ȊȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȕȈ șȊȖȐȝ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧ-
ȚȐȧȝ șȖȊȌȍȗȖȊșȒȐȍ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȐ ǭșȓȐ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȓ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȟȈșȈȔ
ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȍ ȊșȚȈȕțȚ ȕȈ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȖȕȐ Ȋșȍ ȔȖȋțȚ șȟȐȚȈȚȤ șȍȉȧ
țȊȖȓȍȕȕȣȔȐ ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȊȣȋȕȈȚȤ Ȋșȍȝ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȉȣȓ șȗȖȒȖȍȕ Ǫșȍ ȗȘȍȌțșȔȖȚȘȍȕȖ ǪȖȓȕȖȊȈȚȤșȧ
ȕȍȟȍȋȖ
— ǷȖȕȧȓȐ" ǬȈȓȤȠȍ ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ȗȖȌȋȖȚȖȊȐȚȤ ȗȖȌȊȐȎȕȖȑ
șȖșȚȈȊ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȖȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ Ȍȓȧ ȗȍȘȍȉȘȖșȒȐ Ȋ DzȈȓȐȜȖȘȕȐȦ
ȌȍșȧȚȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȑȏ ȘȍȏȍȘȊȕȣȝ ȚȘțȌȖȊȣȝ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȖȊ
ǺȍȝȈșȈ ǮȍȓȍȏȕȖȌȖȘȖȎȕȣȍ ȊȈȋȖȕȣ ș ȗȈȘȖȊȖȏȈȔȐ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ
ȉȣȚȤ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ Ȓ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȒȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȊȣșȣȓȈȍȔȣȝ ȏȈȊȚ-
ȘȈ Ȑȏ ǼȘȐșȒȖ Ȑ dzȖș-ǨȕȎȍȓȖșȈ ǰȔȍȕȕȖȑ șȗȐșȖȒ Ȋșȍȝ ȉȈșȚțȦ-
ȡȐȝ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ȘȈȏȖșȓȈȕ ȊȖ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕ-
ȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ ǬȈ țșȐȓȤȚȍ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȍșȧȞ șȍȒȘȍȚȕȣȑ ȜȖȕȌ Ǽȍ-
ȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ Ȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȐșȟȍȘȗȈȕ ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȧ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ șȓț-
ȠȈȚȤ ȕȍ ȎȍȓȈȦ ǯȈȊȚȘȈ Ȋ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ Ȍȕȧ Ȋȣ ȌȖȓȖȎȐȚȍ Ȕȕȍ Ȗ
ȊȖȏȖȉȕȖȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȚ Ȋ DzȈȓȐȜȖȘȕȐȐ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȏȕȈȓ șȊȖȦ șȐȓț ǭȔț ȕȍȒȖȘȖȕȖȊȈȕȕȖȔț ȒȖȘȖȓȦ
ȊșȍȋȖ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȔȐȘȈ ȗȘȐ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȐ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚ-
Ȋȍȕȕȣȝ ȚȘțȌȖȊȣȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȖȊ ȗȖ ȒȘȈȑȕȍȑ ȔȍȘȍ ȕȈ
ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ ȌȊȈ ȋȖȌȈ ȕȍ șȚȘȈȠȕȣ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȍ șȚȈȟȒȐ ǷȖșȓȍȌ-
ȕȐȍ ȚȘȐ Ȍȕȧ ȍȋȖ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȓ șȖȊșȍȔ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȗȘȈȊ ȓȐ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ" ǰ ȍșȓȐ ȌȈ ȚȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȖȚ ȕȍȋȖ țȎȍ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ
ȕȍȚ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȐȏȊȍșȚȐȑ"

26
Ƕȕ ș ȚȘȍȊȖȋȖȑ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȓ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ Ƕȕ ȉȖȧȓșȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȐȕȖȋȌȈ ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȓțȟȠȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ
Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ șȖȊșȍȔ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȚȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ǹȓȐȠȒȖȔ șȔȍȓ ȉȣȓ
ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȕȣȑ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȖȔ ȗȓȈȕ Ȑ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȔȕȖȋȖ ȏȈȊȐ-
șȍȓȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȓȈȕȍ ȖȚ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ǷȖȟȍȔț Ȏȍ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
șȈȔ ȕȍ ȝȖȟȍȚ șȚȈȚȤ ȊȓȈȌȣȒȖȑ ȔȐȘȈ" ǵȍ ȒȘȖȍȚșȧ ȓȐ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ" ǷȖȟȍȔț Ȗȕ ȗȘȍȌȓȈȋȈȍȚ șȊȖȑ ȗȓȈȕ ȐȔȍȕ-
ȕȖ ȍȔț ǴȖȘȋȈȕț"
«ǿȍȔ ȧ ȘȐșȒțȦ" ǬȊȍșȚȐ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȌȖȓȓȈȘȖȊ Ȑ ȖȉȧȏȈ-
ȚȓȤșȚȊȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȤ Ȋ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ"
ǷțșȚȤ ȉȍȘȍȚ ȝȖȚȤ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȇ ȋȖȚȖȊ ȖȚȌȈȚȤ ȍȔț ȝȖȚȤ ȊșȦ ȥȚț
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ ǵȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Ȕȕȍ Ȉ ȕȍ ȌȘțȋȖȔț — șȒȈȎȍȔ
ǷțȓȐȞȍȘț"»
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ǶȉșȍȘȊȈȚȖȘȐȧ-ȉȈȠȕȧ ȘȈȏȊȍȌȟȐȒȖȊ Ȑȏ-
ȊȍȡȈȍȚ «Dz ȏȈȔȒț ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȍȚșȧ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȈ ȕȈ ȉȖȘȚț ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ
ȕȈȝȖȌȧȚșȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȑ ȒȐȚȈȍȞ».
— ǷȘȖȗțșȚȐȚȤ ǨȊȐȍȚȒț ȗȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ Ȋ ȔȖȍȔ ȔȈȓȖȔ ȈȕȋȈȘȍ
ǶȚȢȍȏȌ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȝ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖ ȔȖȍȔț ȓȐȟȕȖȔț ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍ-
ȕȐȦ
— ǭșȚȤ
ǹȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȖșȚȈȊȠȐȍșȧ ȌȊȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȍȔț șȍȋȖ-
Ȍȕȧ ȕȍ țȌȈșȚșȧ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ ǻșȓȖȊȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȎȍșȚȖȔ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
ȗȘȍȘȊȈȓ ȌȖȒȓȈȌ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ȒȈȒ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ Ȑșȟȍȏ ǭȋȖ Ȕț-
ȟȐȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȖȌȕȈ Ȑ ȚȈ Ȏȍ ȔȣșȓȤ
«ǷȖȟȍȔț ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Ȕȕȍ" ǷȖȟȍȔț Ȗȕ șȈȔ ȕȍ ȝȖȟȍȚ ȘȈșȗȖ-
ȘȧȎȈȚȤșȧ ȊșȍȔ ȔȐȘȖȔ" ǷȖȟȍȔț ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȕȍ ǷțȓȐȞȍȘț ȐȓȐ
ȍȡȍ ȒȖȔț-ȕȐȉțȌȤ"»
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȧ Ȓ ȊȈȠȐȔ țșȓțȋȈȔ
— DzȍȘȚȐȒ — Ȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȗȐȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȧȡȍȋȖ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔ țȟȍ-
ȕȖȋȖ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ șȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȕȈ ȅȓȐȈșȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ș ȕȍșȒȘȣȊȈȍȔȣȔ
țȌȐȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ Ƕȕ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȟȍȔ-ȚȖ ȉȖȓȍȕ ǵȖ Ȗȕ ȉȣ ȕȐ-
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ șȍȉȍ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȈ ȖȉȍȏȤȧȕȖȗȖȌȖȉȕȈȧ
șȐȌȧȡȈȧ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȔ ȒȘȍșȓȍ ȏȍȓȍȕȈȧ ȔțȔȐȧ — ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕ ȊȓȈȌȍȓȍȞ Ȋșȍȝ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ȔȍșȚȖȘȖȎȌȍȕȐȑ țȋȓȧ Ȑ Ȏȍ-
ȓȍȏȈ ȋȓȈȊȈ ȕȍȜȚȧȕȖȋȖ ȚȘȍșȚȈ ȕȍȖȋȘȈȕȐȟȍȕȕȣȑ ȊȍȘȠȐȚȍȓȤ
șțȌȍȉ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȔȐȘȈ

27
ǭȔț ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȔțȎȟȐȕȈ Ȋ ȘȈș-
ȞȊȍȚȍ șȐȓ ȌȖȚȘȖȕțȓșȧ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȚȈȒ ȔȈȓȖ ȗȖȝȖȎȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȟȍȓȖ-
ȊȍȒȈ șțȡȍșȚȊȈ ȚȖ ȖȚ ȚȘțȝȓȧȊȖȋȖ ȊȓȈȌȣȒȐ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȋȘȧȏȕȖȊȈȚȖȍ ȗȧȚȕȖ
— ǷȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȇ ȎȌȈȓ ȊȈș ș ȕȍȚȍȘȗȍȕȐȍȔ Ǫȣ ȌȖȓ-
Ȏȕȣ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȔȖȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș
Ǫ ȋȖȓȖșȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȗȘȖȏȊțȟȈȓ ȔȍȚȈȓȓ DzȈȒ ȔȖȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȊȓȈ-
șȚȕȣȑ ȏȣȟȕȣȑ ȋȖȓȖș ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȚȤ ȚȈȒȖȔț ȝȐȓȖȔț ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏ-
Ȕț" ǰ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȐșȚȈȓȤȕȖ ȊșȔȖȚȘȍȊȠȐșȤ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ
ȟȚȖ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȘȚȖȔ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ țșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕ ȔȐȕȐȈȚȦȘȕȣȑ ȏȊțȒȖ-
țșȐȓȐȚȍȓȤ ǯȊțȒȖțșȐȓȐȚȍȓȤ Ȑ ȗȘȐȌȈȊȈȓ ȋȖȓȖșț ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȚȖȚ
ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȕȣȑ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȚȖȕ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȚȈȒ ȗȖȘȈȏȐȓ Ǭțȕ-
ȉȍȧ
— ȇ ȝȖȟț ȏȕȈȚȤ ȗȖȟȍȔț Ȋȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȍȌȓȈȋȈȍȚȍ ȊȈȠ
ȗȓȈȕ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Ȕȕȍ Ȉ ȕȍ ȒȖȔț-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȌȘțȋȖȔț — șȒȈȎȍȔ Ƿț-
ȓȐȞȍȘț" ǷȖȟȍȔț Ȋȣ șȈȔȐ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȐȚȍ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȘȍȏțȓȤ-
ȚȈȚȈȔȐ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȧ"
DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍ ȏȈȌțȔȈȓșȧ Ƕȕ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț țȎȍ ȐȔȍȓ
ȋȖȚȖȊȣȑ ȖȚȊȍȚ
—ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȇ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȔȖȑ ȗȓȈȕ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȊȈȔ
ȐȉȖ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȏȈȌȈșȚ Ȕȕȍ
ȥȚȖȚ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȇ țȉȍȌȐȓșȧ ȟȚȖ ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ — ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȣȑ ȒȚȖ ȉȍȏ ȒȘȐȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȈ Ȑ ȖȉșțȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȔȍȚ țȟȈșȚȐȧ Ȋ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ Ǭȓȧ ȚȖ-
ȋȖ Ȏȍ ȟȚȖȉȣ șȈȔȖȔț ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȚȤ ȥȚȖȚ ȗȓȈȕ ȧ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ
ȗȖȌȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕ ȇ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȗȖȌȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕ Ȑ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ
ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ ȔȖȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȍ Ȍȓȧ ȉȓȈȋȈ ȊșȍȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ
— ǨȋȈ — ȗȘȖȝȘȐȗȍȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ — ǷȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȑȚȍ
— Ǭȓȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕțȎȍȕ ȖȗȣȚȕȣȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȈȚȖȘ-ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȤ
ȚȈȒȖȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ șțȔȍȓ ȉȣ șȖȟȍȚȈȚȤ ȕȍȏȣȉȓȍȔȖșȚȤ Ȋȍ-
ȒȈȔȐ ȖșȊȧȡȍȕȕȣȝ țșȚȖȍȊ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȈ ș
ȕȈȐȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ ȊȣȋȖȌȖȑ Ȍȓȧ Ȋșȍȝ șȓȖȍȊ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ǯȈȚȍȔ —
ȔȖȑ ȌȍȊȐȏ ©Ǫșȍ ȐȓȐ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ» ȇ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȉțȌț ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖ-
ȕȍȘȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȖșȧȋȈȍȚ ȕȈ ȟȍșȚȕȖ ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȗȘȐȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȕȖȍ
ȗȘȈȊȖ Ȑ ȌȖșȚȖȐȕșȚȊȖ ȔȖȐȝ șȖȉȘȈȚȤȍȊ
— ǷȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ Ǫȣ ȗȘȈȊȣ ǪȈȠȐ ȘȈșșțȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȌȖșȚȖȑȕȣ
ȊȈȠȍȑ șȓȈȊȣ

— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ Ȋȣ — șȐȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȑ Ȑ ȔȖȋțȡȍșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȍȑȠȐȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȑ șȚȘȈȕȍ Ǫȣ — ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȊȖȏ-
ȔȖȎȕȣȑ ȐșȗȖȓȕȐȚȍȓȤ ȔȖȐȝ ȔȍȟȚȈȕȐȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȉȣ
ȊȖȏȕȐȒȕțȚȤ ȉȍȏ ȊȈș ȉȍȏ ȊȈȠȍȋȖ ȖȚȞȈ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȧ
șȚȈȓ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȖȔ
— Ǫ ȟȍȔ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȈȍȚșȧ ȗȓȈȕ"
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȕȈșȚȖȘȖȎȐȓșȧ ȕȍ ȔȍȕȤȠȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȍȔț
țȌȈșȚșȧ ȖȏȕȈȒȖȔȐȚȤșȧ ȒȖȕȒȘȍȚȕȖ ș ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȔȐ ȗȓȈȕȈȔȐ
DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȌȘțȋ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȠȍșȚȤ ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ Ȗȕ ȖȚ-
ȌȈȓ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȊȣșȣȓȒț ȍȎȍȔȍșȧȟȕȖȋȖ ȗȖșȖ-
ȉȐȧ DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȘȈȉȖȚȈȊȠȍȔț Ȋ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȋ ǺȐȉȍȚȍ ǷȍȘȍȌ ȍȋȖ
ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ȊșȚȈȓȈ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ȌȖȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȗȘȐșțȎȌȍȕȈ ȗȘȍȔȐȧ ǽȐȔȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȈ Ȑ ȟȚȖ
Ȋșȍ ȕȈțȟȕȣȍ țȟȘȍȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ șȕȈȉȎȈȚȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ
ȊșȍȔ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȔ ǺȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȌȐȓșȧ
ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȊȣșȣȓȒț Ȍȍȕȍȋ ǵȖ ȊȍȌȤ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ țȠȓȖ ȉȍȏȊȖȏȊȘȈȚ-
ȕȖ Ȋ ȗȘȖȠȓȖȍ
ǬȈ ȕȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȐȚȤșȧ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ șȈȔȖȋȖ
șȍȉȧ
— ǰȚȈȒ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ȧ șȓțȠȈȦ ȊȈș

29
VII
ǼǽȉȀȉ ȀdzǾdzȃǼǰǮ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ǵȈȟȕȍȔ ș ȒȐȍȊșȒȖȑ ȔȍȔȉȘȈȕȣ
— ǷȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖ ǪȒȓȦȟȈȑȚȍ
ǴȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȏȈȓ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȊȌȘțȋ ȏȈȓȐȓșȧ
ȧȘȒȐȔ ȓȈșȒȈȦȡȐȔ ȋȓȈȏ șȊȍȚȖȔ
ǰșȚȖȟȕȐȒ șȊȍȚȈ ȉȣȓ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȍȕ ȕȐȒȖȔț Ȑȏ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦ-
ȡȐȝ ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȏȕȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ — Ȋȍșȍȕȕȍȍ
șȖȓȕȞȍ DzȐȍȊȈ
ǭȡȍ ȔȋȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ — Ȑ ȕȈ șȍȊȍȘȕȖȑ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȉȍ-
ȓȖȑ șȚȍȕȍ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȈșȤ ȋȓȈȊȕȈȧ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȤ șȚȖȓȐȞȣ ǻȒȘȈȐȕ-
șȒȖȑ ǹǹǸ — DzȐȍȊȈ Ǫ ȏȈȓȍ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȋȖȊȖȘ ȚȣșȧȟȕȖȑ ȚȖȓ-
ȗȣ ȇșȕȖ Ȑ ȟȍȚȒȖ ȏȊțȟȈȓȐ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȣ ȋțȓȧȦȡȐȝ ȋȖȓȖș ȖȘȈ-
ȚȖȘȈ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ ȏȈȡȐȡȈȦȡȍȋȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȦȦ ȗȤȍșț ǹȊȍȕșȍȕȈ
— ǬȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ǪȒȓȦȟȐȚȍ «ǷȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȧ»!
ǰ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȈȓȤȕȖ ȔȍșȚȖ DzȐȍȊȈ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȏȈȕȧȓȈ ȝȐȔȐȟȍș-
ȒȈȧ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȧ ǹȚȈȘȠȐȑ ȗȖ ȖȚȌȍȓȍȕȐȦ țȒȖȘȧȓ ȚȍȝȕȐȒȈ Ȋ
ȕȍȉȘȍȎȕȖȔ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȐ Ȓ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȘȍȚȖȘȚȍ ǺȍȝȕȐȒ ȖȗȘȈȊȌȣ-
ȊȈȓșȧ
— ǷȖȔȐȓțȑȚȍ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȏȍ ȘȈȌȐȖȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȍ șȖȓȐ
ǶȚȟȍȚȓȐȊȖ ȊȐȌȕȍȓȖșȤ ȗȓȈȔȧ ȋȈȏȖȊȖȑ ȋȖȘȍȓȒȐ ȗȖȌȖȋȘȍȊȈȦ-
ȡȍȑ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȊȈȕȕȖȟȒț
ǷȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȍ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ șȘȈȏț ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȗȘȈ-
ȊȖȔ țȋȓț ȐȌȍȚ ȊȣȌȍȓȍȕȐȍ ȔȣȠȤȧȒȈ
— ǷȍȘȍȍȏȎȈȑȚȍ ȕȈ ǫȍȓȤȋȖȓȈȕȌ — ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȊȈȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
ǻȟȍȕȣȍ ș țȔȐȓȍȕȐȍȔ șȔȖȚȘȍȓȐ ȕȈ ȏȕȈȔȍȕȐȚțȦ ȋȍȓȤȋȖ-
ȓȈȕȌșȒțȦ ȌȍȚșȒțȦ ȒȖȓȖȕȐȦ ǪȍȏȌȍ ȒțȌȈ ȕȐ ȗȘȖȕȐȒȈȓ ȊȏȖȘ
ȏȌȖȘȖȊȣȍ ȒȘȈșȕȖȡȍȒȐȍ ȞȊȍȚțȡȐȍ ȌȍȚȐ DzȘȐȒȐ Ȑ ȗȍșȕȐ ȔȈ-
ȓȣȠȍȑ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȐȓȐ ȏȈȓ Ȑ Ȋ ȊȖșȒȓȐȞȈȕȐȧȝ ȌȍȚȍȑ ȏȊțȟȈȓȈ ȘȈ-
ȌȖșȚȤ ȊȍșȍȓȤȍ ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤ
ǷȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȍ ȕȈ ȖȗȣȚȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖȘȈȎȍȕȣ
ǫȖȊȖȘȧȡȍȍ ȒȐȕȖ țȎȍ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖ ȌȊȈ ȋȖȌȈ ǶȕȖ șȚȈȓȖ
ȖȉȐȝȖȌȕȣȔ Ȋ ȒȈȎȌȖȔ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȔ Ȓȓțȉȍ Ȑ ȒȘȈșȕȖȔ țȋȖȓȒȍ ǵȖ
ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȍȡȍ ȕțȎȌȈȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ șȓȖȎȕȣȝ Ȉȗ-

30
ȗȈȘȈȚȈȝ ȒȈȒ Ȍȓȧ șȢȍȔȖȒ ȚȈȒ Ȑ Ȍȓȧ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȐ Ȑ ȊȖșȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌ-
șȚȊȈ ȏȈșȕȧȚȖȋȖ
ǵȍȔȈȓȖ ȗțȚȈȕȐȞȣ ȉȣȊȈȓȖ Ȋ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖ ș ȕȍșȖȊȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ-
ȔȐ ȊȖșȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȊ Ȑ ȏȊțȒȖȊ
ǺȈȒȖȑ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȐ ȒȈȒ ț ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ șȊȖȉȖȌ-
ȕȖȑ ȖȚ ȒȈȒȐȝ ȉȣ ȚȖ ȕȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȉȖȟȕȣȝ ȏȊțȒȖȊ Ȑ ȕȍ ȕțȎȌȈȦ-
ȡȍȑșȧ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȖ țșȚȘȖȍȕȕȖȔ ȥȒȘȈȕȍ Ȑ ȐșȒțșșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔ ȖșȊȍȡȍ-
ȕȐȐ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ Ȑ Ȋ ȗȖȔȐȕȍ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȏȕȈȓ Ȗȉ ȥȚȐȝ ȖȗȣȚȈȝ ǰȏȊȍșȚȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȍȔț Ȑ
ȗȘȐȕȞȐȗȣ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȧ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȔȕȖȋȖ
Ȑ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȍȔț Ȗ ȕȐȝ ǵȖ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȥȜȜȍȒ-
ȚȈ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȖȎȐȌȈȓ
ǩȍȠȐȍȊ ȕȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓ șȓȖȊ Ƕȕ ȗȖȌȉȍȎȈȓ Ȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊț Ȑ Ȗȉ-
ȕȧȓ ȍȋȖ
ǹȗȖȒȖȑȕȍȍ Ȋșȍȝ ȉȣȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ
— DzȈȒ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȕȕȍ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ șȖȖȉȡȐȓ ȥȚȖ ȍȡȍ
ȕȍ Ȋșȍ Ƕȕ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȚȖ ȗȖȒȈȎȍȚ ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȕȍ ȗȖȘȈ ȓȐ
ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ ȕȈȠț ȘȈȉȖȚț ȕȈ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕȖȔ Ȑ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ ȗȘȈȒ-
ȚȐȟȍșȒȖȔ ȗȘȐȔȍȘȍ"
ǫȓȈȏȈȔ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȠȍȌȠȐȝ Ȋ șȍȉȧ ȖȚ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȊȖșȝȐ-
ȡȍȕȐȧ ȏȘȐȚȍȓȍȑ ȕȈ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ șȚȍȕȍ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȓȈșȤ ȊȐȓȓȈ
ǭȡȍ ȔȐȋ — Ȑ ȊȐȓȓȈ ȐșȟȍȏȓȈ ǭȍ ȔȍșȚȖ ȏȈȕȧȓȈ șȘȍȌȕȐȝ
ȘȈȏȔȍȘȖȊ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȈ Ǫ ȕȍȑ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ
Ȑ ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
— ǰȚȈȒ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ȧ șȓțȠȈȦ ȊȈș — ȏȣȟȕȖ ȗȘȖȏȊțȟȈȓ
ȋȖȓȖș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ǶȚȒȘȣȚȣȑ ȔȕȖȑ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȍȚ Ȋ
ȚȈȉȓȐȞȍ ǴȍȕȌȍȓȍȍȊȈ ȔȍșȚȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȗȘȍȌȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍ-
ȋȖ ȖȌȐȕȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȓȍȚ ȕȈȏȈȌ ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ șȍȑȟȈș șȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȖ ȉȣ
ȏȈȕȧȚȤșȧ ȐȏȓȖȎȍȕȐȍȔ ȕȈțȟȕȖȋȖ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȐȧ ȍȋȖ șȊȖȑșȚȊ
DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȊȐȌȐȔȖ țȊȓȍȒșȧ Ƕȕ ȟțȚȤ ȕȍ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȟȐȚȈȚȤ ȓȍȒ-
ȞȐȦ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț — Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȘȈȊȕȖȌțȠȕȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ Ȗ șȊȖȍȔ Ȍȍ-
ȚȐȡȍ — ȕȖ ȊȖȊȘȍȔȧ ȖȗȖȔȕȐȓșȧ
— ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ ȕȍ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ — ȗȘȍȘȊȈȓ Ȗȕ șȍȉȧ. — ǫȓȈȊ-
ȕȖȍ ȟȚȖ ȕțȎȕȖ ȏȕȈȚȤ Ȗ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȍ, ȥȚȖ — ȍȋȖ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ șȊȖȑ-
șȚȊȈ ǺȍȓȓȐȚ — ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ǹ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ
ȔȖȎȕȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ ȞȍȓȐȒȖȔ ȊșȦ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȦ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ Ȑȏȓț-
ȟȈȍȚșȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ Ȑ ȊȖȖȉȡȍ ȊșȍȔȐ ȎȐȊȣȔȐ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȔȈȔȐ

ǶȗȐșȈȕȐȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȡȈȦȡȍȋȖ ȥȚț ȥȕȍȘȋȐȦ Ȋ ȓȍȋȒȖ
țșȊȖȧȍȔțȦ ȌȊȐȎțȡțȦ șȐȓț ȏȈȕȧȓȖ ȉȣ ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ
ȟȈșȈ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ǬȈ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȉȍȏ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȕȐȧ ȝȐȔȐȐ
ȗȖȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȗȘȖȞȍșșȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ ȊȖ-ȗȍȘȊȣȝ ȕȍȗȖȓȕȖ Ȑ
ȊȖ-ȊȚȖȘȣȝ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȏȈȚȘțȌȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ șȓțȠȈȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȒȈȒ ȏȈȟȈȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ Ƕȕ ȕȍ
ȗȘȖȘȖȕȐȓ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȐȊȒȖȔ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ȗȘȖșȐȓ DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȈ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȚȤ
ǺȐȠȐȕȈ ȞȈȘȐȓȈ Ȑ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȋȌȍ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
Ȗ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȊȈȚȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ Ȑ ȍȋȖ șȖȉȍ-
șȍȌȕȐȒȐ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖ șȓȍȌȐȓȐ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ șȓȖȊȖȔ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȈ

32
VIII
ǺǮǸ-ǸdzǾȀǶǸȁ ǻȁǴǻǼ ǰǾdzǺȍ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȉȍșșȚȘȈșȚȕȖ ȏȈȒȈȕȟȐȊȈȓ șȊȖȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȏ
— ȇ ȖȋȘȈȕȐȟțșȤ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȍȔ ȟȚȖ ȓțȟȐșȚȈȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȧ șȖȉȐ-
ȘȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȖ țșȚȘȖȍȕȕȣȝ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȈȝ șȕȈȉȎȍȕȕȣȝ
ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒȈȔȐ Ȑȏ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ǷȖȌ ȊȓȐȧȕȐȍȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȝ
ȓțȟȍȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȧ Ȋ ȥȚȐȝ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȈȝ ȗȘȍȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȣȊȈȍȚșȧ
Ȋ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȚȊȖ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ șțȔȍȍȚ ȓȦȉȖȑ ȟȍȘ-
ȕȖȘȈȉȖȟȐȑ ǷȖșȚȘȖȑȒȈ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȈ ȖȉȝȖȌȐȚșȧ Ȋ
ȌȊȍșȚȐ ȊȖșȍȔȤȌȍșȧȚ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ Țȣșȧȟ ȚȘȐșȚȈ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȗȧȚȤ ȌȖȓ-
ȓȈȘȖȊ ǶȌȐȕ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘ țȚȐȓȐȏȐȘțȍȚ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ Ȍȕȧ ȓț-
ȟȐșȚțȦ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȦ ȌȊțȝ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȗȧȚȐșȖȚ Țȣșȧȟ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȟȚȖ
ȘȈȊȕȧȍȚșȧ ȌȊțȔșȚȈȔ ȗȧȚȐȌȍșȧȚȐ ȚȣșȧȟȈȔ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȝ șȐȓ
ǷȘȐ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȑ ȗȓȖȚȕȖșȚȐ ȕȈșȍȓȍȕȐȧ ȏȍȔȓȐ țȟȐȚȣȊȈȧ Ȑ
ȎȐȊȖȚȕȣȝ ȕȈ șțȠȍ Ȑ Ȋ ȊȖȌȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȚȍȓȓȐȚț Ȕȣ ȔȖȎȍȔ
ȐȔȍȚȤ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ ȌȈȘȖȊțȦ șȐȓț ȘȈȊȕțȦ ȌȊțȔșȚȈȔ ȗȧȚȐȌȍ-
șȧȚȐ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȈȔ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȔ șȐȓȈȔ
— ǬȊȍșȚȐ ȗȧȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȝ șȐȓ —ȊȖș-
ȒȓȐȒȕțȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
ǴȐȓȓȐȈȘȌȍȘ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȍ
— ǷȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȖȍ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȍ ȐȔȍȍȚ Ȑ ȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ
șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ șȖ șȚȍȒȓȖȔ Ȑ ȕȍȒȖȚȖȘȣȔȐ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȈȔȐ
ȌȈȍȚ ȕȖȊȖȍ ȌȖșȍȓȍ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖȍ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊȖ — ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȐȚ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȏȈȔȍȕȧȚȤ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȣ Ȑ ȍȡȍ Ȟȍȓȣȑ ȘȧȌ ȕȍȖȘȋȈ-
ȕȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȧȍȔȣȝ Ȋ ȖȉȐȝȖȌȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȖ ȅȚȖ Ȍȓȧ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȖȕȧȚȕȖ ǵȖ ȊȍȌȤ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȈ ȌȖ-
ȉȣȊȈȍȔȖȋȖ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȐȚ ȥȚȐȔ ǹȖȊȍȚȈȔ Ǵȣ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȣ ȌȍȓȐȚȤșȧ ș ȕȐȔȐ ǻ ȕȈș ȕȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȐȔȐ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȘȍȐ-
ȔțȡȍșȚȊ ǪȖȗȘȖș ȕȍ ȚȈȒ ȗȘȖșȚ ȒȈȒ ȊȈȔ ȥȚȖ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ DzȍȘȚȐȒ
— ǹȗȖșȖȉ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȓțȟȐșȚȖȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ
ȐȏȊȍșȚȍȕ ȓȐȠȤ Ȕȕȍ Ȑ ȖȚȟȈșȚȐ ǬțȕȉȍȦ ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ Ȋȣ
ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ș ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ Ȕȣ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ Ȗ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȚȈȑȕȍ
ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȧ ȕȍ șȖȔȕȍȊȈȦșȤ țȟȍȕȣȍ ȗȖȓȤȏțȧșȤ ȖȗȣȚȈȔȐ Ȑ ȕȈȉ-
ȓȦȌȍȕȐȧȔȐ ȌȖȉȍȘțȚșȧ ȌȖ ȥȚȖȑ ȔȣșȓȐ ǵȖ ȚȖȋȌȈ țȎȍ ȉțȌȍȚ

ȗȖȏȌȕȖ ǵȈȔ ȕțȎȕȖ ȊșȍȋȖ ȚȘȐ-ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȔȍșȧȞȈ Ȑ Ȕȣ ȖȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȐȔ Ȑȝ
— ǭȡȍ ȖȌȐȕ ȊȖȗȘȖș DzȈȒ Ȕȣ ȔȖȎȍȔ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ǷȈȔȐȘ"
ǵȈȔ ȊȍȌȤ, ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ, ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ șȚȈȚȤ ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔȐ
ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȧȔȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ǩ ȥȚȈ «ȒȘȣȠȈ ȔȐȘȈ» ȗȖ ȔȖȐȔ
șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧȔ șȍȑȟȈș ȖȝȘȈȕȧȍȚșȧ ȕȍ ȝțȎȍ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȏȈȔȒȈ ǷȖ ȌȖ-
ȕȍșȍȕȐȧȔ ȔȖȐȝ ȘȈȏȊȍȌȟȐȒȖȊ — ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ
ȊșȍȖȉȢȍȔȓȦȡȐȔ — ȚȈȔ ȉȍșșȔȍȕȕȖ ȌȍȎțȘȧȚ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȉȖȍ-
Ȋȣȝ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȝ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȑ Ȑ ȌȊȈ ȒȖȘȗțșȈ șȒȖȘȖȝȖȌȖȊ ǭșȓȐ
ȍȡȍ țȟȍșȚȤ ȋȖȚȖȊȕȖșȚȤ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȓ ȔȖȉȐȓȐȏȈȞȐȐ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ
țȊȍȘȍȕȕȣȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ-ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȖș-
ȓȍ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ — ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ ȖȒȈȎțȚșȧ Ȋ șȉȖȘȍ, ȋȖȚȖ-
ȊȣȔȐ Ȓ ȉȖȦ, ȚȘȐ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȐ Ȋșȍȑ ȊȖȖȘțȎȍȕȕȖȑ șȐȓȣ ǹȖȊȍȚȖȊ
ǪȈȠȈ ȏȈȚȍȧ DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕȈ ȕȖ ȖȕȈ ȘȐșȒȖ-
ȊȈȕȕȈ Ȑ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȔȈ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ǸȈȏȘȍȠȐȚȍ ȗȘȖȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ ȊȈȠȍȔ
ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȐȐ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȖȗȣȚ
ǵȍ ȌȖȎȐȌȈȧșȤ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȐȏȊȓȍȒ Ȑȏ ȉȖȒȖȊȖȋȖ ȒȈȘ-
ȔȈȕȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕțȦ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒț ș ȊȐȌț șȚȍȒȓȧȕȕțȦ.
Ƕȕ ȕȍȉȘȍȎȕȖ ȗȘȐșȓȖȕȐȓ ȍȍ Ȓ ȖȒȕț
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ Ǩ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋ Șț-
Ȓȍ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ ȉȓȍșȕțȓȖ ȌțȓȖ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ Ȗȕ ȌȐȒȖ
ȏȈȖȘȈȓ
— ǬȎȐȔ ǹȦȌȈ ǬȎȐȔ ǻȉȍȘȐȚȍ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘ ǷȖȟȍȔț ȊȈș
ȌȖȗțșȚȐȓȐ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ ȕȍȖȉȣșȒȈȕȕȣȔ"
ǬȎȐȔ ȖȗȖȏȌȈȓ DzȍȘȚȐȒ țȎȍ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓȐȓ
ǪȣșȚȘȍȓ ȗȘȖȋȘȍȔȍȓ ȗȖ Ȋșȍȑ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ Ȑ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ
ȉȣȓ șȓȣȠȍȕ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȔ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȏȌȘȖȋȕțȓ Ȑ ș țȌȐȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ șȓȍȌȧ ȏȈ ȗȈȓȤ-
ȞȍȔ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘȈ ȟȚȖ ȗțȓȧ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȐȓȈ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȌȈ ȕȐ
ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒȍ DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȕȐ ȖȒȕț Ȑ ȚȖȘȟȐȚ Ȋ șȍȘȍȌȐȕȍ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕ-
ȒȐ DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒȍ ȓȍȋȒȖ ȊȣȘȊȈȓ Ȑȏ ȕȍȍ ȗț-
ȓȦ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȓ ȍȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț
— ǹȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȌȈ ȗȘȐȕȍșțȚ ȕȈȔ șȕȈȘȧȌȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ

34
IX
ǽdzǾǰǮȍ ǯdzǿdzDzǮ
ȅȌȐ Ȋșȍ ȍȡȍ ș ȚȘțȌȖȔ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȈȓȈ Ȓ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȈȔ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǷȖȍȏȌȒȈ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț ȌȈȓȈ ȍȑ ȔȕȖȋȖȍ ǵȖ șȈȔȣȔ ȞȍȕȕȣȔ
șȟȐȚȈȓȈ ȖȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȖȏȕȈȒȖȔȓȍȕȐȧ ș ǴȖșȒȊȖȑ ȖȕȈ
ȗȖȌȘțȎȐȓȈșȤ ș DzȓȈȊȖȑ șȍșȚȘȖȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȅȚȈ ȌȘțȎȉȈ ȌȖș-
ȚȈȊȓȧȊȠȈȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍ ȖȉȍȐȔ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈȔ ȊșȍȋȌȈ
ȊȣȘțȟȈȓȈ ȅȌȐ Ȋ Țȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȗȖ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔț Ȋȣ-
ȘȈȎȍȕȐȦ «ȝȈȕȌȘȐȓȈ».
ǺȈȒ ȉȣȓȖ Ȑ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȖșȓȍ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȋ ǵȤȦ-DZȖȘȒ
ǬȍȊțȠȒȐ șȐȌȍȓȐ Ȋ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȔ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȍ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
DzȓȈȊȈ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȘȈȏȊȍșȍȓȐȚȤ ȅȌȐ ǶȕȈ ȌțȔȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȅȌȐ șȒț-
ȟȈȍȚ ȗȖ ȖȚȞț Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ș ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖ ȍȍ ȔȕȍȕȐȦ
șȒȖȘȍȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȔȖȋȓȖ ȗȖȌȉȖȌȘȐȚȤ ȅȌȐ
— ȅȌȐ ȚȊȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȘȐȍȏȎȈȦȚ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ Ȍȕȧ ǺȖ-
ȊȈȘȐȡ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȓ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖ-
ȕț
— ȇ ȏȕȈȦ ȇ Ȑ șȈȔȈ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȓȈ ș ȗȈȗȖȑ
— Ǩ Ȋ ȟȍȔ Ȏȍ ȌȍȓȖ" ǷȖȟȍȔț Țȣ ȋȘțșȚȐȠȤ"
— ǺȈȒ
— ȅȌȐ șȓțȠȈȑ ȇ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȚȍȘȗȍȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȈ ȒȐșȓȣȝ ȜȐ-
ȏȐȖȕȖȔȐȑ ǷȖșȔȖȚȘȐ-ȒȈ Ȋ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȖ ȕȈ ȒȖȋȖ Țȣ ȗȖȝȖȎȈ
ȅȌȐ ȌȖșȚȈȓȈ Ȑȏ șțȔȒȐ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȍ Ȋ ȒȖȎȍ ȏȍȘȒȈȓȤȞȍ Ȑ
ȊȏȋȓȧȕțȓȈ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ǰ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȘȈșșȔȍȧȓȈșȤ
— ǵț, ȊȖȚ ȊȐȌȐȠȤ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ ȘȈșșȒȈȎȐ Ȕȕȍ ȒȈȒ Țȣ ȎȐȓȈ Ȋ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ Ǻȣ ȊȍȌȤ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȖȉȍȡȈȓȈ ǸȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȑ Ȋșȍ ș șȈȔȖ-
ȋȖ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ
ȅȌȐ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓȈ ș ȟȍȋȖ ȕȈȟȈȚȤ
— Ǵȕȍ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȚȘȐ ȋȖȌȈ ǷȈȗț Țȣ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ Ǩ ȔȈȔȈ" ǶȕȈ
țȔȍȘȓȈ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ ȋȖȌȈ ȗȖșȓȍ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ
ȗȈȗȣ șȦȌȈ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘ
— DzȈȒ Ȏȍ Țȣ ȎȐȓȈ ȉȍȏ ȔȈȚȍȘȐ" Ǫ ȠȒȖȓȍ ȐȓȐ Ȋ ȒȖȔȔțȕȍ"
ȅȌȐ șȕȖȊȈ ȘȈșșȔȍȧȓȈșȤ

35
— ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȧ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ Țȍȉȍ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ ȕȍȚ ȒȖȔ-
Ȕțȕ Ȑ ȍȡȍ ȔȕȖȋȖȋȖ ȟȚȖ ȍșȚȤ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
—ǵțȈȒȈȒȎȍȚȣȎȐȓȈȍșȓȐțȊȈșȕȍȚȒȖȔȔțȕȐȗȘȐȠȒȖ-
ȓȈȝ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȎȐȚȤ"
— ǻ șȍșȚȘȣ ȔȈȚȍȘȐ ț ȚȍȚȐ ǭȓȐȏȈȊȍȚȣ ȊȖȏȓȍ ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖ-
ȕȈ ǶȕȈ șȓțȎȐȓȈ ȚȈȔ Ȋ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȍȓȍ ȕȈ ȔȈȠȐȕȖșȚȘȖȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖȔ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ǷȖȒȈ ȔȈȔȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȎȐȊȈ Ȋșȍ ȠȓȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ǶȕȈ
ȉȣȓȈ ȊȘȈȟȖȔ ȌȍȚșȒȖȑ ȉȖȓȤȕȐȞȣ Ȑ Ȕȣ ȕȐ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȕȍ ȕțȎȌȈ-
ȓȐșȤ ȇ țȟȐȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȚȍȝȕȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȠȒȖȓȍ DzȖȋȌȈ Ȏȍ ȧ ȗȍȘȍȍȝȈ-
ȓȈ Ȓ ȚȍȚȍ ȠȒȖȓț ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ
— DzȈȒ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ" ȇ Țȍȉȧ ȅȌȐ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦ
— DzȈȒ ȥȚȖ Țȣ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȍȠȤ" ǺȍȚȐȕȣȝ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȒȖȊ ȗȘȖș-
ȚȖ-ȕȈȗȘȖșȚȖ ȕȍ ȝȊȈȚȈȓȖ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȓȈȚȐȚȤ ȏȈ ȔȖȍ ȗȘȈȊȖ-
țȟȍȕȤȍ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȕȈ ȜȈȉȘȐȒȍ ȚȖȎȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȠȒȖȓȈ ȕȖ ȚȈȔ ȒȘȖ-
Ȕȍ «ȏȈȒȖȕȈ ȉȖȎȐȧ» ȈȕȋȓȐȑșȒȖȋȖ ȧȏȣȒȈ Ȑ ȐșȚȖȘȐȐ ȕȐȟȍȔț
ȕȍ țȟȐȓȐ ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȥȚȐȝ ȜȈȉȘȐȟȕȣȝ
ȠȒȖȓȈȝ ȗȘȍȗȖȌȈȦȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖ țȟȍ-
ȕȐȒȈȔ
ǰ ȅȌȐ șȈȔȈ ȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȧ țȊȓȍȒȓȈșȤ șȊȖȐȔȐ ȊȖșȗȖ-
ȔȐȕȈȕȐȧȔȐ
ǪșȗȖȔȕȐȓȐșȤ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȐ Ǻȍ țȎȈșȕȣȍ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ
ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȒȖȘȟȈșȤ ȖȚ ȉȖȓȐ ȕȈ ȍȍ ȋȓȈȏȈȝ țȔȐȘȈȓȐ ȖȚ ȗțȓȤ ȗȖ-
ȓȐȞȍȑșȒȐȝ ǫȖȓȖȌȕȣȍ șȍȔȤȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȖșȔȍȓȐȊȠȐȝșȧ ȚȘȍȉȖ-
ȊȈȚȤ ȗȖȊȣȠȍȕȐȧ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȕȖȑ ȗȓȈȚȣ Ȑ ȊȣȉȘȖȠȍȕȕȣȝ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ
ȏȈ ȊȖȘȖȚȈ ȜȈȉȘȐȒȐ ǶȕȈ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈ Ȗ ȚȖȔ țȎȈșȕȖȔ Ȍȕȍ
ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȏȍȕȣ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȕȐȞȣ Ȑ ȌȍȚȐ ȊȖȘȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȘȈșȗȘȍ-
ȌȍȓȐȚȍȓȤ Ȑ ȘȈȏȕȍșȓȐ ȌȖȔ ǵȍ ȗȖȡȈȌȐȓȐ Ȑ ȍȍ ȅȌȐ ȖȋȖȘȖȌȐȒ.
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓ ȒȖȠȔȈȘ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȚȍȚȧ șȈȔȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȚ-
ȕȐȞȣ ȗȘȈȊȣ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȚȍȚȧ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȔȖȓȊȐȓȈ Ȑ ȕȍ ȗȘȍ-
ȗȧȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔț ȕȖ ȍȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȋȖ ȖȋȖȘȖȌȐȒȈ ȅȌȐ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȎȈȓȤ
— ǺȍȚȦ ȝȖȚȍȓȐ țȊȖȓȐȚȤ, — ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈ ȅȌȐ — ǶȕȈ Ȋȏȧ-
ȓȈ Ȕȍȕȧ ș șȖȉȖȑ Ȓ ȌȐȘȍȒȚȖȘț ȟȚȖȉȣ ȚȖȚ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȍȍ ȕȈ șȓțȎ-
ȉȍ ǶșȚȈȊȐȓȐ ǬȈȎȍ Ȑ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȐ ȕȈȒȓȈȌȟȐȞȍȑ ǷȖȚȖȔ
ȗȘȐȍȝȈȓ ȗȈȗȈ ǰ țȎȍ ȌȊȈ ȋȖȌȈ ȒȈȒ Ȕȣ ȊȔȍșȚȍ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȧ ȕȍ ȘȈ-
ȉȖȚȈȦ ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ
DzȓȈȊȈ ȏȕȈȓȈ Ȗȉ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȋ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȑ șȚȘȈȕȍ ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈ ȖȕȈ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȅȌȐ ȗȍȘȍȎȐ-

36
ȊȈȓȈ ȌȕȐ șȚȈȟȒȐ ǭȑ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓșȧ ȍȍ ȌȍȌțȠȒȈ — ǰȊȈȕ ǹȖȒȖ-
ȓȖȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȚȈȒ ȓȦȉȐȓ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȚȤ ȍȑ Ȗ șȚȈȟȒȈȝ Ȋ 2
ȋȖȌț ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ǬȍȔȐȌȖȊȈ ȗȖȚȖȔ Ȋ  1916,  ȋȖȌȈȝ ȕȈ
ǷțȚȐȓȖȊȒȍ
— Ǩ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ȅȌȐ ț ȕȈș ȊȍȌȤ ȚȖȎȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȐ ǵȖ ș
Țȍȝ ȗȖȘ ȒȈȒ ȊȓȈșȚȤ Ȋ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȘțȒȈȝ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȉȈșȚțȍȚ.
ǻȊȐȌȐȠȤ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ ȉțȌțȚ șȖȊȍȚȣ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȒ-
ȚȖ ȉȈșȚȖȊȈȚȤ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ
— ȇ ȚȖ Ȏȍ șȈȔȖȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȈ ȗȈȗȍ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈ ȍȔț
ȒȈȒ ȕȈȔ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ ȎȐȚȤ ȉȍȏ ȕȍȋȖ Ƕȕ ȘȈșșȍȘȌȐȓșȧ Ȑ șȒȈȏȈȓ
ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ șȖȊȍȚȖȊ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ț ȕȈș ȖȕȐ
ȕȐ Ȓ ȟȍȔț ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ Ȋșȍ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȎȐȊțȚ
ȇ ȚȖȋȌȈ șȗȘȖșȐȓȈ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȉȈșȚȖȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȈ ȕȈȠȍȔ
ȏȈȊȖȌȍ Ƕȕ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ — ȓȖȌȣȘȐ Ȑ ȕȍȒțȓȤȚțȘȕȣȍ
ȓȦȌȐ ǷȈȗȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȋȌȍ ȐȔ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ
Ȑ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ ȝȖȚȧȚ ȗȖȔȍȕȤȠȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ Ȑ ȗȖȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȗȖȓțȟȈȚȤ
ǷȖȚȖȔ Ȗȕ ȗȍȘȍșȚȈȓ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȚȤ ȕȈ ȔȖȐ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȐȔȍȕ-
ȕȖ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ șȖȊȍȚȖȊ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ Ƕȕ șȗȘȖșȐȓ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȚȒțȌȈ ȧ
ȏȕȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐ șȖȊȍȚȈȝ ȕȍ ȉȣȊȈȍȚ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȖȒ ǷȖșȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȈ Ȗȕ ȏȈȗȘȍȚȐȓ Ȕȕȍ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȚȤșȧ ș ȔȖȐȔȐ șȚȈȘȣȔȐ ȏȕȈȒȖ-
ȔȣȔȐ ș ȏȈȊȖȌȈ Ȑ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȌȊȍ ȕȍȌȍȓȐ Ȕȣ ȗȍȘȍȍȝȈȓȐ Ȋ ǪȈȠȐȕȋ-
ȚȖȕ
— ǴȐșș ȅȌȐ ȏȕȈȍȚȍ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȉȈșȚȖȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȈ ȊȈȠȍȔ
ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȉȈșȚȖȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ǬȍȔȐȌȖȊȈ Ȑ ȕȈ
ǷțȚȐȓȖȊȒȍ" ǷȖȟȍȔț ȕȍ ȉȈșȚțȦȚ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ ȕȈ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ
ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȝ"
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ țȎȍ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȒȈȒ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚȍ
— ǺȘȈȝ-ȚȈȘȈȘȈȝ ǶȚȒțȌȈ Țȣ" ǩȖȓȤȠȍ ȊȖȗȘȖșȖȊ ț Țȍȉȧ ȕȍȚ"
— șȗȘȖșȐȓȈ DzȓȈȊȈ ȉȘȈȚȈ
Ǫșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȘȈșșȔȍȧȓȐșȤ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȖȌșȍȓ Ȓ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈȔ Ȑ ȕȍ ȌȖȎȐȌȈȧșȤ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ ȕȈ-
ȟȈȓ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ȋȌȍ Ȑ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ șȚȈȟȒȐ Ȋ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ Ȑ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȍ Ȗȕ șțȔȍȓ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȉȈș-
ȚțȦȚ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȑ ȗȖȟȍȔț ȉțȌțȚ — ȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȉț-
ȌțȚ — Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ șȖȊȍȚȣ
ǷȍȘȍȌ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ȅȌȐ șȕȖȊȈ ȗȘȖȠȓȐ șȞȍȕȣ Ȑȏ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȗȘȖ-
ȊȍȌȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ț șȚȈȕȒȈ ǵȖ Ȋ șȓȖȊȈȝ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ țȎȍ șȓȣ-

ȠȈȓȐșȤ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȕȖȚȒȐ Ƕȕ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ Ȗȉ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȝ șȚȘȈȕȣ șȖȊȍȚȖȊ
ȅȌȐ ȗȖȕȧȓȈ ȥȚȐ ȕȍȎȕȣȍ ȓȦȉȖȊȕȣȍ ȕȖȚȒȐ
ǪȍȌȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȟȍȘȈ ȖȕȈ ȗȖșȍȚȐȓȈ ȚȘȐ ȗȖȌȔȖșȒȖȊȕȣȍ ȜȈȉ-
ȘȐȒȐ Ȑ ȗȘȖȊȍȓȈ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȗȖȓȌȕȧ Ȋ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȔ ȋȖȘȖȌȒȍ Ȋ DzȘȈș-
ȕȣȝ ǹȖȒȖȓȤȕȐȒȈȝ
ǩȍșȍȌȈ ȏȈȚȧȕțȓȈșȤ ǷȈȔȐȘșȒȈȧ ȕȖȟȤ ȉȣșȚȘȖ Ȑ ȊȒȘȈȌȟȐ-
ȊȖ ȖȒțȚȈȓȈ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȔȧȋȒȖȑ ȔȋȓȖȑ Ȑ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȅȌȐ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ǹȖ-
ȒȖȓȖȊȣȔȐ ȉȘȈȚȖȔ Ȑ șȍșȚȘȖȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȈșȤ Ȓ șȍȉȍ ȉȣȓȖ țȎȍ
ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȏȈ ȗȖȓȕȖȟȤ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȍȘȊȈȧ ȌȓȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȉȍșȍȌȈ ȅȌȐ ș ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȣȔ
ȅȌȐ ȏȈȗȖȔȕȐȓȐșȤ șȓȖȊȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȑ ȖȕȈ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȐȔȍȕ-
ȕȖ Ȋ ȥȚț ȕȖȟȤ ȖȕȈ ȗȖȕȧȓȈ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȒȈȒ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȈ ȎȐȏȕȤ Ȋ
șȚȘȈȕȍ șȖȊȍȚȖȊ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Ȋ ȥȚț ȕȖȟȤ ȖȕȈ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ
ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȏȈȝȖȟȍȚ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț

38
X
ȀdzǹǹǶȀ
ǸȈȉȖȚȈ ȗȖ ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȦ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ
ȕȍ ȗȘȍȘȣȊȈȓȈșȤ ȕȐ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț
ǵȍȗȘȐșȚțȗȕȣȍ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ ǯȈȘȍȕȠȈȕșȒȐȑ ȓȍȌȕȐȒ ȋȖȘȕȣȍ
șȚȘȈȕȣ DzȈȘȈȚȍȋȈȕȈ ǴȈȚȟț Ȑ ȊȍȓȐȟȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȇȋȕȖȉ ȕȐȒȖȋ-
ȌȈ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȖȎȐȊȓȍȕȐȧ
ǵȈ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȣȑ ȗțȕȒȚ ȎȍȓȍȏȕȖȑ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ — șȚȈȕȞȐȦ ǻȘȈ-
ǺȦȉȍ — ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȈȓȐ ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȗțȌȖȊ ȋȘțȏȈ Ȑ șȖȚȕȐ
ȓȦȌȍȑ ǮȐȏȕȍȘȈȌȖșȚȕȣȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ Ȑ ȔȍȘȚȊȣȍ ȋȘțȏȣ ȗȍȘȍȊȖ-
ȏȐȓȐșȤ ȖȚșȦȌȈ ȕȈ «ȒȘȣȠț ȔȐȘȈ» ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȈȔȐ
ǫȖȓȣȍ șȒȈȓȣ șțȘȖȊȣȍ țȡȍȓȤȧ șȚȘȍȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȚȍȒțȡȐȍ ȋȖȘ-
ȕȣȍ ȘȍȟȒȐ ǺȧȕȤ-ȀȈȕȧ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȠȐȍ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȐȋȘȖȊ
ȓȍȖȗȈȘȌȖȊ Ȑ ȋȖȘȕȣȝ ȒȖȏ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȐ șȊȖȐ ȒȖȊȈȘȕȣȍ
ȓȖȊțȠȒȐ ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȌȍȘȏȕțȊȠȐȑ șȚȈȚȤ ȚȊȍȘȌȖȑ ȕȖȋȖȑ ȕȈ ȒȘȣ-
Ƞț ȔȐȘȈ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȍȌțșȔȖȚȘȐȚȍȓȍȕ ǵȖȊȈȧ șȘȖȟȕȈȧ ȊȖȏȌțȠ-
ȕȈȧ ȓȐȕȐȧ ǻȘȈ-ǺȦȉȍ — ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȗȘȖȝȖȌȧȡȈȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȍȘȍȊȈ-
ȓȣ ǶȉțȘȌȈȕ Ǭț-ǩțȘșȈ Ȑ ǽȖȒ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȈ ȉȍȏțȒȖȘȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ ȌȖ-
șȚȈȊȓȧȧ ȐșȗȘȈȊȕȖ Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȖȗȖȏȌȈȕȐȑ ȓȦȌȍȑ Ȑ ȋȘțȏȣ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈ-
Ȍȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȍȍșȧ ȕȈ ȊȣșȖȚȍ ȊȖșȤȔȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȌȍȊȧȚȐșȖȚ șȍȔȐ-
ȌȍșȧȚȐ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȜțȚȖȊ ȕȈȌ țȘȖȊȕȍȔ ȔȖȘȧ
ǶȉȢȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȖȍ șȍȒȘȍȚȕȖȍ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ǾǰDz Ȑ ǹǺǶ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ,
ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȗțȉȓȐȟȕȖȋȖ ȐșȗȣȚȈȕȐȧ ȐȏȖȉȘȍ-
ȚȍȕȐȧ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ șȕȖȊȈ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȓșȧ ȊȖȗȘȖș Ȗ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȗȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȖ ȕȍ ȘȈșȚȖȘȋȈȚȤ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ
ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȈ.
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȍșȧȞ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȏȈȒȐȗȍȓȈ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ ȗȖ ȌȖȉȣȟȍ Țȍȓ-
ȓȐȚȈ
ǷȖ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȦ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȓȖȎȍȕȣ ȚȘȐ ȠȈȝȚȣ
Ǫ ȕȐȝ ȌȖȉȣȊȈȓȐșȤ ȉȐȚțȔȐȕȖȏȕȣȍ șȓȈȕȞȣ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ
ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ țșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ ȚȈȒȎȍ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ǬȖȉȣȚȣȍ ȉȐȚțȔȐȕȖȏȕȣȍ șȓȈȕȞȣ ȗȖȌȊȍȘȋȈȓȐșȤ șțȝȖȑ
ȗȍȘȍȋȖȕȒȍ ǯȈȚȍȔ ȉȐȚțȔȣ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȐȓȐ Ȋ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȑ ȒȖȘȗțș ȏȈ-
ȊȖȌȈ ȋȌȍ ȖȉȘȈȉȈȚȣȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȔȐȕȐȈȚȦȘȕȖȑ ȔȈȘȚȍȕȖȊșȒȖȑ ȗȍ-
ȟȐ

39
ǪȣȝȖȌȐȊȠȍȍ Ȑȏ ȔȈȘȚȍȕȈ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȍ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊȖ «ȗȈ-
ȔȐȘȐȚ» ȒȈȒ ȕȈȏȊȈȓ ȍȋȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌȐȓȖ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍ-
ȕȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȟȐȚȈȓȐ ȏȖȓȖȚȖȗȓȈȊȐȓȤ-
ȕȖȑ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȍȑ
ǯȌȍșȤ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȍȘȍȘȈȉȖȚȒȐ ȗȍȘȊȣȝ ȌȊțȝ Țȣ-
șȧȟ ȚȖȕȕ ȉȐȚțȔȐȕȖȏȕȣȝ șȓȈȕȞȍȊ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ
ȖȗȍȘȐȘțȧ ș ȊȐȌț ȕȍ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ șȓȖȎȕȣȔȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈȔȐ Ȋ ȗȘȐ-
șțȚșȚȊȐȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ  ȈȗȘȍȓȧ  ȋȖ-
ȌȈ ȊȣșȣȗȈȓ Ȑȏ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ ȘȍȚȖȘȚȣ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ǩȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ țșȖȊȍȘȠȍȕșȚȊȖȊȈȕȕȖȔț ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȦ ȠȈȝȚ
ȌȖȉȣȟȈ ȌȊțȝ Țȣșȧȟ ȚȖȕȕ ȉȐȚțȔȐȕȖȏȕȣȝ șȓȈȕȞȍȊ ȏȈȕȧȓȈ ȘȖȊ-
ȕȖ ȌȍșȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ
 ȐȦȕȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȐȔȍȓ țȎȍ ȗȧȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐ-
ȚȈ ǹȖȋȓȈșȕȖ țșȓȖȊȐȑ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȈ ȗȖȘȈ ȉȣȓȖ
ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȚȤ Ȓ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊț ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ Ȍȓȧ Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǷȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȗȖ șȘȈȊȕȍȕȐȦ ș ȌȖȉȣȟȍȑ Țȍȓ-
ȓȐȚȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȖșȚȣȔ ȌȍȓȖȔ
Ǫ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ Ȋ șȈȔȖȔ ȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ ȉȣȓȈ ȊȣșȚȘȖȍȕȈ șȚȍȒȓȖȗȓȈȊȐȓȤȕȈȧ ȗȍȟȤ
șȐșȚȍȔȣ ǹȐȔȍȕșȈ ȖȚȈȗȓȐȊȈȍȔȈȧ ȕȍȜȚȤȦ ȌȖȉȣȊȈȍȔȖȑ ȗȖȗțȚ-
ȕȖ ș ȉȐȚțȔȐȕȖȏȕȣȔȐ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊȈȔȐ
ǭȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖșȚȤȦ ȥȚȖȑ ȗȍȟȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȈȕ-
ȕȣ ȍȍ ȐȔȍȓȐ ȌȊȖȑȕȖȍ ȌȕȖ ǴȍȎȌț ȌȊțȔȧ ȥȚȐȔȐ ȌȖȕȤȧȔȐ
ȗȖȔȍȡȈȓșȧ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȓȈȊȒȐ
ȗȘȍȊȘȈȡȈȓȖ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȧȍȔȖȍ șȚȍȒȓȖ Ȋ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ
ǶȗȣȚȣ ș ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȔ ȗȘȍȊȏȖȠȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȖȎȐȌȈȕȐȧ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȈȊ ȒȖȋȌȈ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ
ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȊȕȍșȍȚ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ Ȋ ȔȐȘȖȊțȦ ȐȕȌțșȚȘȐȦ Ǭȍȑ-
șȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȔȍȚȈȓȓțȘȋȐȧ — ȋȓȈȊȕȈȧ ȖȚȘȈșȓȤ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖ-
șȚȐ — ȖȚșȚțȗȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȗȓȈȕ Ȑ ȞȍȕȚȘ ȚȧȎȍșȚȐ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ
ȉȣȓ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȍȕ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ șȚȍȒȓȈ
ǷȖ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȦ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȐțȔȈ Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋșȧ ȗȘȖȌțȒȞȐȧ
ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȋȖ ȏȈȊȖȌȈ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȗȖșȚțȗȈȓȈ Ȋ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ
ǹǺǶ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǰ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȐȍ ȏȕȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ǹǺǶ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȓ
ȊȍșȤ ȊȣȘȈȉȖȚȈȕȕȣȑ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ ȖȚȌȍȓț șȕȈȉȎȍȕȐȧ ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕ-
șȖȊȍȚȈ ǸȍșȗțȉȓȐȒȐ
ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ ȗȘȍȌșȒȈȏȈȕȕȣȑ DzȐș-
șȖȊȍȕȖȔ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȕȈșȚțȗȈȓ

ǹȖȊȍȚșȒȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȕȐȒȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ «ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ» ȉȣȓȐ
ȏȈȕȧȚȣ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȊȣȧșȕȍȕȐȍȔ Ȋșȍȝ ȌȍȚȈȓȍȑ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌ-
șȚȊȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ǷȘȖȞȍșș ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȉȣȓ țȎȍ ȐȏȊȍșȚȍȕ ȊșȍȔ ȐȔ Ȑ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȍȔȗȍȘȈȚțȘț ȕțȎȕțȦ Ȍȓȧ ȗȍȘȍȘȈȉȖȚȒȐ «ȗȈȔȐȘȐȚȈ»,
ȘȍȋțȓȐȘȖȊȈȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȓȐȟȕȖ
ǷȣȚȈȓȐșȤ ȊȣȟȐșȓȐȚȤ ȚȍȔȗȍȘȈȚțȘț ȗȖ ȘȈșȝȖȌț ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍ-
șȒȖȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȗȖȚȘȍȉȓȧȍȔȖȑ ȗȘȐ ȕȈȋȘȍȊȈȕȐȐ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ
ȘȍȚȖȘȚ ǹȘȍȌȕȧȧ ȞȐȜȘȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȈ țȎȍ  ȔȈȧ ǵȖ ȒȖ-
ȥȜȜȐȞȐȍȕȚ ȗȖȓȍȏȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȐȍ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȗȖ ȘȈȏ-
ȕȣȔ ȗȘȐȉȖȘȈȔ ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ ȕȍȊȣȧșȕȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȍȡȍ Ȑ  ȐȦȓȧ
ǴȍȎȌț ȚȍȔ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȓȖșȤ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ — ȌȍȕȤ ȊȣȊȖȏȈ Ȑȏ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȐ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț
DzȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȣȑ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘ ȋȓȈșȐȓ
ǷȍȘȊȣȍ ȗȧȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏțȦȚșȧ Ȍȓȧ
ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȗȖșȚțȗȈȦȡȍȋȖ Ȋ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ
Ǫǹǵǽ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǷȘȐ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȍ ȒȈȎȌȖȑ șȓȍȌțȦȡȍȑ ȗȈȘ-
ȚȐȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ȋ ȠȍșȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȈ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ ȚȘȐȌ-
ȞȈȚȤ ȋȘȈȔȔ
 ȗȖșȚțȗȈȍȚ Ȋ ȗȖȓȕțȦ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖ-
ȘȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ș ȗȘȈȊȖȔ ȊȣȊȖȏȈ ȏȈ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
Ǫ ȐȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȗȖȓȕȣȔ ȝȖȌȖȔ ȠȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȗȖ Ȑȏț-
ȟȍȕȐȦ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
Dz ȖȗȣȚȈȔ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȟȍȕȣ ȓțȟȠȐȍ ȕȈțȟȕȣȍ șȐȓȣ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȍȚȐȒȐ
ǺȍȖȘȍȚȐȟȍșȒȈȧ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȒȈ ȐȌȍȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȌȈȓȈ ȊȗȖȓ-
ȕȍ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ ǾȐȜȘȖȊȣȍ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȍ ȐȔ Ȋ ȉȍșȍȌȍ ș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȚȖȟȕȣȔȐ
ǵȖ ȒȈȒ Ȏȍ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȦ ȐȏȓțȟȈȍȔțȦ ȎȐȊȣȔȐ
ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȔȈȔȐ"
ǵȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȕȍ ȌȈȓȐ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ Ȋșȍ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȍ —ȗȖ-
ȘȖȑ ȗȘȖșȚȣȍ ȗȖȘȖȑ ȜȈȕȚȈșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ — ȖȗȣȚȣ ș ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȔ
ǺȈȑȕȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȖșȚȈȓȈșȤ ȕȍȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕȕȖȑ

41
XI
ǽdzǾǰǮȍ ǺǶǻǮ ǵǮǹǼǴdzǻǮ
dzȐȝȖȘȈȌȖȟȕȣȔ ȚȍȔȗȖȔ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȚȣȊȈȓȈșȤ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ Ȑ ȕȈ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊȖȗȖȓȖȎȕȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ȏȍȔȕȖȋȖ ȠȈȘȈ — Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ ȅȓȐȈșȈ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȈ
dzțȟȠȐȍ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȍ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȐșȚȣ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍ-
ȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ ȗȖ ȓȐȟȕȖȔț ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȕȐȦ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȗȍ-
ȘȍȌȈȕȕȖȔț ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȘȍȏȐȌȍȕȚȈ ȘȍșȗțȉȓȐȒȐ șȖȉȘȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ
«ǹȈȕșțșȐ» Ȍȓȧ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȒȐ ȗȓȈȕȈ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǷȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȐ ȕȍȏȈȔȍȟȍȕȕȣȔȐ Ƕ
ȕȐȝ țȏȕȈȓȐ ȠȐȘȖȒȐȍ ȒȘțȋȐ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ
 ȐȦȕȧ Ȋ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ ȘȈșȗȘȖșȚȘȈȕȍȕȕȖȑ ȊȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕșȒȖȑ
ȋȈȏȍȚȍ «ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕ ȗȖșȚ» ȗȖȧȊȐȓȈșȤ șȓȍȌțȦȡȈȧ șȍȕșȈȞȐȖȕ-
ȕȈȧ ȏȈȔȍȚȒȈ
ǹǶǪǭȁǨǵǰǭ ǫǭǵǭǸǨdzȄǵǶǫǶ ȀǺǨǩǨ
Ǫ ȊȐȓȓȍ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȡȍȑ ȅȓȐȈșț ǴȖȘȋȈȕț
țȎȍ ȊȚȖȘțȦ ȕȍȌȍȓȦ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȧȚ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȗȘȐ-
ȕȐȔȈȦȚ țȟȈșȚȐȍ Ȋșȍ ȊȣȌȈȦȡȐȍșȧ ȗȖȓȒȖȊȖȌȞȣ Ȑ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȐ
ȋȓȈȊȕȖȋȖ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ
ǾȍȓȐ Ȑ ȏȈȌȈȟȐ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ ȕȈȠȐȔ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ ȒȖȔȈȕ-
ȌȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȔ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȖȔ ȗȖȒȈ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȕȍ Ȋȣȧșȕȍȕȣ
ǰȏ ȌȖșȚȖȊȍȘȕȣȝ ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒȖȊ șȖȖȉȡȈȦȚ ȟȚȖ șȖȊȍȡȈ-
ȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ șȊȧȏȐ ș ȕȈȏȘȍȊȈȦȡȐȔȐ șȖȉȣȚȐȧȔȐ ȕȈ ȗȍ-
ȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȡȐȝ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊț Ȑ ȈȘȍȕ-
ȌțȍȔȣȝ ȚȘȍșȚȖȔ ȋ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
DzȈȒ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȕȈ ȥȚȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ șȐȓȤȕȖ ȘȈȏ-
ȊȐȚȖȑ Ȑ ȐșȒțșȕȖ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȕȖȑ ȈȋȐȚȈȞȐȐ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȐȏȊȍ-
șȚȕȣȝ ȓȐȞ țșȐȓȐȓȖșȤ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ ǩȈșȚțȦȡȐȍ Ȋ
ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȍ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ țȗȖȘȕȖ ȖȚȒȈȏȣȊȈȦȚ-
șȧ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȚȤ Ȓ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ ȉȍȏ ȗȖȊȣȠȍȕȐȧ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȕȖȑ ȗȓȈȚȣ Ȑ
șȖȒȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ Ȍȕȧ
ǹȚȈȟȒȈ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȈ ȖȗȣȚȕȖȑ ȘțȒȖȑ Ƕȉ ȥȚȖȔ șȊȐȌȍ-
ȚȍȓȤșȚȊțȍȚ ȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖ țȒȈȏȈȕȐȧȔ ȌȖ șȍȋȖ ȊȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȐ ȕȍțȓȖȊȐȔȖȋȖ șȚȈȟȒȖȔȈ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȍ ȌȖȗțșȒȈȦȚ Ȓ ȘțȌ-

42
ȕȐȒȈȔ ȘȍȏȍȘȊȕȣȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȣ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȍ Ȑȏ ǺȍȝȈ-
șȈ țȋȘȖȎȈȧ ȏȈȚȖȗȓȍȕȐȍȔ Ȋșȍȝ ȠȈȝȚ
ǷȖȌȘȖȉȕȣȍ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ Ȗ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ Ȑ ȝȖȌȍ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȐ
ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ șȍȘȍȉȘȧȕȣȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ ȉțȌțȚ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȣ ȏȈȊ-
ȚȘȈ
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȈ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ Ȏȍ ȌȍȕȤ ȋȈȏȍȚȈ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȓȈ șȊȖȍ
șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȍ
ǶȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȒțȗȓȍȕȈ ȈȋȍȕȚȖȔ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȏȈ ȗȧȚȤ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ
ȌȖȓȓȈȘȖȊ
ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ ȌȖșȚȐȋ ȞȍȓȐ
ǴȕȖȋȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȋȈȏȍȚȣ ȗȍȘȍȗȍȟȈȚȈȓȐ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ «ǪȈ-
ȠȐȕȋȚȖȕ ȗȖșȚ» Ȑ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȐȘȖȊȈȓȐ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ șȖ-
ȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ Ȋșȍ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ
ǶȕȐ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȐșȤ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍȔ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȘȈȏȢȧș-
ȕȐȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȔț ȒȓȈșșț ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ Țț ȖȘȋȈȕȐȟȍș-
ȒțȦ șȊȧȏȤ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ șțȡȍșȚȊțȍȚ ȔȍȎȌț ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ Ȑ ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤ-
șȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȔ Ȑ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȓ șȚȖȑȒȖșȚȐ Ȋ
ȉȖȘȤȉȍ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȖȊ Ȑ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ șȚȘȖȧ
ǵȖ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ șȐȓȐȓȐșȤ șȈȔȣȍ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȟȕȣȍ Ȑ ȘȈșȚȖȘȖȗȕȣȍ
șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȋȈȏȍȚ ȐȔ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȗȘȐ-
ȉȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȑ șȚȘȖȒȐ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȜȈȒȚȈ Ȓ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȦ ȗȖ-
ȧȊȐȊȠȍȔțșȧ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ Ȋ «ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕ ȗȖșȚ».
ǰȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ
ȟȚȖ ȖȕȖ ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǿȈșȚȤ ȋȈȏȍȚ ȊȣșȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȝȖȟȍȚ
ȔȐȓȐȚȈȘȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ ȚȘȍșȚȈ ȌȘțȋȐȍ țȒȈȏȣ-
ȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȊȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȏȈȒȖȕȖȗȘȖȍȒȚȈ Ȗ Șȍ-
ȏȍȘȊȕȣȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȉȈȚȈȓȤȖȕȈȝ ȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȋȈȏȍȚȣ șȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ
ȖȌȕȖȔ ȟȚȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȖ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȒȓȈșșȈ
ȗȘȖȚȐȊ țșȐȓȐȊȈȦȡȍȋȖșȧ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ — Ȑ
ȗȖȌȟȍȘȒȐȊȈȓȐ ȉȓȐȏȖșȚȤ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȉȖȧ ȚȘțȌȈ ș ȒȈȗȐȚȈ-
ȓȖȔ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ
Ƕ ȗȖȝȖȌȍ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȐȒȚȖ Ȑ ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȓ ǹȐȓȈ Ȑ ȖȉȖ-
ȘȖȕȖșȗȖșȖȉȕȖșȚȤ ǹȖȊȍȚȖȊ ȉȣȓȐ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚ-
ȕȣ ȊșȍȔ
ǫȈȏȍȚȣ ȚȘȍșȚȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȑ ȖȜȐȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȑ ȖȘȋȈȕ ǼȍȌȍȘȈ-
ȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ — ȎȐȘȕȣȔ ȠȘȐȜȚȖȔ — ȗȍȟȈȚȈȓȐ ȖȗȘȖ-

43
ȊȍȘȎȍȕȐȧ ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț «ȊȖȍȕȕȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ».
ǵȖ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ǸȈȉȖȟȐȑ ȒȓȈșș ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ șȖȊȍȡȈ-
ȕȐȍ Ȋșȍ Ȏȍ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȍȚșȧ
ǰ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȖȚȗȖȘț
ǫȈȏȍȚȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȖȚȔȍȟȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ ȊȖȍȕȕȖȍ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ
DzȖȔȔȍȕȚȐȘțȧ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȧ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ȋȈȏȍȚ Ȗ șȖȊȍȡȈ-
ȕȐȐ Ȑ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȐ șȖȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȗȍȟȈȚȤ ȊȣșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȈ
ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖșȚȤ țșȐȓȍȕȐȧ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȜȖȕȌȈ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ
ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ
ǹȉȖȘ șȘȍȌșȚȊ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ șȚȈȘȍȑȠȈȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȈȧ ȋȈȏȍȚȈ «ǷȘȈȊ-
ȌȈ» Ǩ ȊșȓȍȌ ȏȈ ȕȍȦ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȋȈȏȍȚȣ ǪȣȗțșȚȐȓȐ ȗȖȌȗȐș-
ȕȣȍ ȓȐșȚȣ Ȑ ȗȘȖȜșȖȦȏȣ
ǺȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȚȘȍȝ Ȍȕȍȑ șȖȉȘȈȓȐ Ȍȍ-
șȧȚȤ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȌȖȓȓȈȘȖȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȕȣ ǾȍȕȚ-
ȘȈȓȤȕȖȔț ǹȖȊȍȚț ǷȘȖȜȍșșȐȖȕȈȓȤȕȣȝ ǹȖȦȏȖȊ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȊȝȖ-
ȌȧȡȐȝ Ȋ DzȘȈșȕȣȑ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕ ǴȖȉȐȓȐȏȖȊȈȓ Ȋșȍ șȊȖȐ șȐȓȣ
Ȑ ǴǶǷǸ
ǵȍ ȖȚșȚȈȓ ȖȚ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȑ ȒȖȓȓȍȒȚȐȊ șȖȚȘțȌ-
ȕȐȒȖȊ «ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ».
 ȐȦȓȧ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȔ ȏȈȓȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȒȓțȉȈ ȍȌȊȈ ȊȔȍșȚȐȊ-
ȠȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȚȘȐ ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ șȖșȚȖȧȓșȧ ȔȐȚȐȕȋ ȗȖșȊȧȡȍȕ-
ȕȣȑ șȖȉȣȚȐȧȔ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȧȡȐȔ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ
ǵȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȍ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ Ȑ ȅȌȐ ǶȕȈ țȎȍ ȕȍ șȟȐȚȈȓȈ
șȍȉȧ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȒȖȑ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ.
ǶȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ — Ȑ ȘȈȌȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȥȚȖȔț — ȟȓȍȕȖȔ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȑ ȚȘțȌȖ-
ȊȖȑ șȍȔȤȐ șȚȘȖȐȚȍȓȍȑ Ȑ ȏȈȡȐȚȕȐȒȖȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǸȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȏȈ-
ȔȍȚȐȊȠȐȍ ȍȍ ș ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȈ ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȊȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȕțȎȕȖ ȌȖ-
ȟȍȘȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȍȘȈ ȕȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ"
ǸȈȏȌȈȊȈȓȐșȤ ȌȈȎȍ ȊȖȏȋȓȈșȣ
— ȀȗȐȖȕȒȈ
— ǷȖȗȘȖșȐȚȍ ȍȍ ȊȣȑȚȐ
DzȓȈȊȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȊșȚțȗȐȓȈșȤ ȏȈ ȗȖȌȘțȋț
— ǷțșȚȤ ȖȕȈ ȗȖșȓțȠȈȍȚ Ȗ ȟȍȔ ȉțȌȍȚ ȐȌȚȐ ȘȍȟȤ ǻ ȕȈș ȕȍȚ
ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȚȈȑȕ ǷțșȚȤ țȊȐȌȐȚ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȋșȧ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ ȋȖ-
ȚȖȊȣ ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ ȞȍȕȖȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȕȈȠȐȝ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕ-
șȒȐȝ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ

44
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ǷȖȔȕȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ ȊșȧȒȖȍ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȍ ȕȈ ȘȈȉȖ-
ȟȐȑ ȒȓȈșș ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȍșȚȤ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȍ ȕȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ ǷȖȔȕȐ-
Țȍ ȟȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐșȕȣȔ țȌȈșȚșȧ șȓȖȔȐȚȤ șȖȗ-
ȘȖȚȐȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ȕȈ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ ǷȍȘț
— Ȗȕ șȘȈȏț Ȏȍ ȊȖȏȤȔȍȚșȧ ȏȈ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ DzȖȕȍȟȕȈȧ
Ȏȍ ȞȍȓȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ — ȏȈȊȓȈȌȍȚȤ ȊșȍȔ ȔȐȘȖȔ — ȋȘȍȔȍȓ ȋȖȓȖș
ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȖȘȈȚȖȘȈ — DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ Țȍȝ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȐȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȏȕȈȓȐ
ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ, ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȟȍȔ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȓȐȉȖ, ȉȣȓȐ
ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȣ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǵȖ ȘȈșȒȘȣȚȤ ȒȈȘȚȣ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȍȡȍ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȘȈȕȖ
— ǺȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȣ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȔț ȉȖȦ ǰ ȥȚȈ ȋȖȚȖȊȕȖșȚȤ șȍȑȟȈș
ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȊȣȘȈȏȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ țșȊȖȍȕȐȐ Ȗȉȡȍȑ ȓȐȕȐȐ ȐșȚȖȘȐȟȍșȒȖ-
ȋȖ ȘȈȏȊȐȚȐȧ ȊȏȈȐȔȖȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȑ ȔȍȎȌț ȚȘțȌȖȔ Ȑ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȖȔ
ȔȍȎȌț ǨȔȍȘȐȒȖȑ Ȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȍȑ
ǷȖșȓȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ ȍȡȍ ȔȕȖȋȐȍ
ǵȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȖ ȕȈ ȚȘȐȉțȕȍ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȈșȤ ȅȌȐ ǶȕȈ ȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ ȊȖȓ-
ȕȖȊȈȓȈșȤ
ǷȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȊȠȐȍ ȕȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȊșȒȖȓȣȝȕțȓȐșȤ
ǷȍȘȊȣȍ șȓȖȊȈ ȅȌȐ ȕȈȟȈȊȠȍȑ șȊȖȦ ȘȍȟȤ ȉȍȏ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ
«ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ» ȉȣȓȐ ȊșȚȘȍȟȍȕȣ ȚȧȎȍȓȖȑ ȚȐȠȐȕȖȑ
ǶȕȈ ȉȍȏ ȊșȧȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȐșȓȖȊȐȧ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋț ȒȈȒ
ȎȐȊțȚ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ ǵȍ ȏȈȉȣȓȈ ȖȕȈ Ȑ Ȗ ȠȒȖȓȈȝ Ȗ ȏȈ-
ȊȖȌșȒȐȝ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȍȓȧȝ Ȗ ȗȖȓȐȞȍȑșȒȐȝ ȖȚȘȧȌȈȝ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȠȓȈ Ȓ ȘȈșșȒȈȏț Ȗ ȗȍȘȍȎȐȚȣȝ ȍȦ șȈȔȖȑ ȏȈ-
ȉȈșȚȖȊȒȍ Ȑ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȍ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȍȓȧ Ȋ ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕȍ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȍ
ȕȈșȚȖȘȖȎȐȓȖșȤ Ȑ șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȐȓȖșȤ ǰȕȖȋȌȈ șȓȣȠȈȓȐșȤ ȖȌȖ-
ȉȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȊȖȏȋȓȈșȣ
ǸȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȗȖȕȧȓȐ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕț ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȍȌȠțȦ ș ȅȌȐ ǶȕȐ
ȗȖȕȧȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȊȐȌȍȊȠȐȑ ȗȖȘȈȉȖȡȍȕȐȍ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ
Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ Ȑ ȚȖȘȎȍșȚȊȖ Ȑȝ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȐȕȈȟȍ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȚȤ
ǯȈȒȓȦȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȜȘȈȏȣ ȅȌȐ ȗȘȖșȐȊȠȍȑ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȍȍ Ȋ
ȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȘȧȌȣ ȉȖȘȞȖȊ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ țȋȕȍȚȍȕȐȧ Ȑ
ȥȒșȗȓțȈȚȈȞȐȐ ȗȖșȓțȎȐȓȐ șȐȋȕȈȓȖȔ Ȓ ȕȖȊȖȔț ȊȏȘȣȊț ȖȌȖȉ-
ȘȍȕȐȧ

— ǹȟȐȚȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȖȓȕȖȗȘȈȊȕȣȔ ȟȓȍȕȖȔ ȒȖȓ-
ȓȍȒȚȐȊȈ — ȋȓȈșȐȓȈ ȘȍȏȖȓȦȞȐȧ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȧ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȈ ȅȌȐ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȌȖȔ ȖȚ-
ȞȈ Ȑ ȗȖșȍȓȐȓȈșȤ ț DzȓȈȊȣ
ǷȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȌȍȕȤ ȍȡȍ țȚȘȖȔ
ȊȣȍȝȈȓȐ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț ǶȕȐ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ țȟȈșȚȐȍ Ȋ
ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȔ ȘȍȠȈȦȡȍȔ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȋ șȖȗȘȖȊȖȎȌȍȕȐȐ ǽț
ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ
ȅȌȐ ș ȕȍȚȍȘȗȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȎȐȌȈȓȈ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ ȖȚȞȈ ǶȕȈ ȏȕȈȓȈ
ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȓ Ȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ǶȚȍȞ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȖ ȍȍ ȔȕȍȕȐȦ
ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉțȌțȚ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȍȑ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
ǷȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȑ ȕȈ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȍ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ țȎȍ ȏȕȈȓ Ȗ ȊȣșȚțȗ-
ȓȍȕȐȐ ȅȌȐ Ƕ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȍ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ șȖȖȉȡȐȓ ȍȔț ȗȖ ȘȈȌȐȖ ȍȋȖ
ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒ ȖșȚȈȊȠȐȑșȧ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȐ — ȐȕȎȍ-
ȕȍȘ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȤ

46
XII
ǿǼǸǼǹǼǰ ǵǮ ǾǮǯǼȀǼǷ
— Ǻȣ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȊȖȏȐȠȤșȧ șȖ șȊȖȐȔȐ șȚȍȒȓȧȠȒȈȔȐ"
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ țȒȖȘȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ ȒȈȟȈȓ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ Ƕȕ ȏȈșȚȈȓ ǹȖȒȖ-
ȓȖȊȈ ȌȖȔȈ șȕȖȊȈ ȏȈ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȔ șȚȖȓȖȔ
— ǽȖȘȖȠȐ șȚȍȒȓȧȠȒȐ — ȉțȘȒȕțȓ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ —
ǸȈȏȊȍ Țȣ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȗȖ ȗȘȐȏȊȈȕȐȦ ȈșȚȘȖȕȖȔ"
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȍȡȍ Ȋ Ȋțȏȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ Ȋȗȍ-
ȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȓȐ ȚȘțȌȣ ǼȓȈȔȔȈȘȐȖȕȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȗȘȐȊȓȍ-
ȒȈȓȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ ȏȊȍȏȌ ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ țȉȍȎȌȈȓ Ȗȕ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
ȟȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȐȏțȟȍȕȐȍ ȏȈȒȖȕȖȊ Ȑȝ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ
ȌȈșȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊț ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖșȚȘȖȐȚȤ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȕȈ ȏȍȔȓȍ
Ȋȕȍ ȏȈȊȐșȐȔȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȊșȧȒȐȝ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȍȑ
— «ǹȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȐ», «șȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȐ»! — ȗȍȘȍȌȘȈȏȕȐȊȈȓ ȍȋȖ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ȅȚȖ ȕȍșȍȘȤȍȏȕȖȍ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȍ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ ȉȘȈȚȈ —
ȉȖȧȚȤșȧ «șȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȍȑ».
— ǷȖȋȖȌȐ — ȊȖȏȘȈȎȈȓ ȖȉȣȟȕȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ. — ǸȈȏȊȍ șȖȊȍȘ-
ȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȖȊȈȧ ȒȖȔȍȚȈ ȐȓȐ ȒȈȒȈȧ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ «ȕȍȗȖȌȊȐȎȕȈȧ» ȗȖ-
ȊȈȠȍȔț ȏȊȍȏȌȈ ȥȚȖ Ȍȓȧ ȊȈș ȕȍ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȐ" ǰȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȚȖȎȍ
ȕȍ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ ȉȘȈȚȈ" ǽȈ-ȝȈ ǪȖȚ ȥȚȐ ȕȖȊȍȕȤȒȐȍ ȒȖȔȍȚȣ Ȑ
ȏȊȍȏȌȣ ȧ Ȑ șȟȐȚȈȦ «șȓțȟȈȑȕȖșȚȧȔȐ» ǰȝ ȕȈȌȖ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖ Ȑȏț-
ȟȐȚȤ Ǩ Țȣ — ȕȍșȍȘȤȍȏȕȖȍ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȍ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȐșȒȘȍȕȕȍ ȊȖȏȔțȡȈȓșȧ Ƕȕ ȗȖșȊȧȚȐȓ șȍȉȧ ȈșȚȘȖȕȖ-
ȔȐȐ Ȑ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȓ ȔȍȝȈȕȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȜȈȒțȓȤȚȍȚ ȓȍȕȐȕȋȘȈȌșȒȖȋȖ
ȊȚțȏȈ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ș ȚȖȑ ȞȍȓȤȦ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȓțȟ-
Ƞȍ ȐȏțȟȐȚȤ ȐșȒțșșȚȊȖ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȚȍȓȍșȒȖȗȖȊ
ǭȔț ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȓȈ ȉȓȍșȚȧȡȈȧ ȉțȌțȡȕȖșȚȤ Ȋ ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȖȗȚȐ-
ȒȐ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȕȍȖȌȕȖȒȘȈȚȕȖ ȗȖȌȟȍȘȒȐȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȉȍȏ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȍȔț ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ șȊȖȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
ȗȖ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȍȔȈȚȖȋȘȈȜȐȐ
ǸȈȉȖȚț Ȋ «ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ» ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȘȈșșȔȈȚ-
ȘȐȊȈȓ ȗȍȘȊȖȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȖ ȚȖȎȍ ȒȈȒ șȘȍȌșȚȊȖ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȍȕȐȧ
șȊȖȐȝ ȐȏȣșȒȈȕȐȑ
ǷȖȒȘȣȚȣȍ ȊȍȟȕȣȔȐ șȕȍȋȈȔȐ ȊȣșȖȚȣ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ȋȖȘȌȖ ȗȖ-
ȌȣȔȈȦȡȐȍșȧ ȕȈ ȠȍșȚȤ Țȣșȧȟ ȗȧȚȤșȖȚ ȔȍȚȘȖȊ ȕȈȌ țȘȖȊȕȍȔ

47
ȔȖȘȧ ȔȈȕȐȓȐ ȍȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȐȘȖȌȖȑ șȖȏȌȈȕȕȣȍ ȍșȚȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ
ȖȉșȍȘȊȈȚȖȘȐȐ Dz ȚȖȔț Ȏȍ ȒȓȐȔȈȚ «ȒȘȣȠȐ ȔȐȘȈ» ȖȚȓȐȟȈȦ-
ȡȐȑșȧ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖȑ șțȝȖșȚȤȦ Ȑ ȟȐșȚȖȚȖȑ ȊȖȏȌțȝȈ șțȓȐȓ
ȚȈȒȎȍ țșȗȍȝ ȗȘȐ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȐȐ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȝ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȑ
ǹȖȖȘțȎȍȕȕȈȧ ȐȔ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ ȖȉșȍȘȊȈȚȖȘȐȧ ȗȖȔȖȋȓȈ ȍȔț
șȌȍȓȈȚȤ ȘȧȌ șțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȑ
Ƕȕ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȋșȍ șȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȐȒȐ-ȈșȚȘȖȕȖȔȣ ȕȍ ȉȣȓ țȌȖȊȓȍȚ-
ȊȖȘȍȕ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓȈȉȖȑ șȊȍȚȖșȐȓȖȑ Ȑ ȔȈȓȖȑ țȊȍȓȐȟȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ șȗȖșȖȉȕȖșȚȤȦ șȊȖȐȝ ȘȍȜȓȍȒȚȖȘȖȊ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȗȕ ȕȍ-
țșȚȈȕȕȖ ȒȈȎȌțȦ șȊȖȉȖȌȕțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȖȌȖȓ-
ȎȍȕȐȧ șȊȖȐȝ, ȍȡȍ Ȋ dzȍȕȐȕȋȘȈȌȍ ȕȈȟȈȚȣȝ, ȘȈȉȖȚ ȗȖ ȐȏȖȉȘȍ-
ȚȍȕȐȦ ȉȖȓȍȍ șȐȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ
— ǷȖȑȔȐ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗȕ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț — ȕȈȔ ȕțȎȕȣ ȝȖȘȖ-
ȠȐȍ ȒȘțȗȕȣȍ ȚȍȓȍșȒȖȗȣ Ǩ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȖȒȈȏȣ-
ȊȈȍȚ Ȕȕȍ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȐ ȕȍȖȞȍȕȐȔȣȍ țșȓțȋȐ Ǻȣ ȝȖȘȖ-
ȠȖ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ ȟȚȖ ȧ ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȓ ȥȚț ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒțȦ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌ-
șȚȊȈ ȖȗȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ șȚȍȒȖȓ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ șȣȘȣȔ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȖȔ Ȕȕȍ ȉț-
ȌȍȚ șȓțȎȐȚȤ ȕȍ șȚȍȒȓȖ Ȉ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ
ǶȗȣȚȣ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȕȣ
ǰȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȕȣȍ Ȋ ȠȓȐȜȖȊȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒȖȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȣ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȗȖ șȊȖȍȑ ȟȐșȚȖȚȍ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȘȍȊȖșȝȖ-
ȌȐȓȐ Ȗȉȣȟȕȣȍ șȚȍȒȓȧȕȕȣȍ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȘȧȌȈ ȕȍțȌȈȟȕȣȝ ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ȗȖ țȊȍȓȐȟȍȕȐȦ ȘȈȏȔȍȘȈ
ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȐȉȍȋȕțȚȤ Ȓ ȕȖȊȖȔț șȗȖșȖȉț
— ȅȚȖȚ ȗȘȐȕȞȐȗ — ȖȉȢȧșȕȧȓ Ȗȕ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț — țȒȈȏȈȕ ȍȡȍ
Ȋ  ȋ ǴȍȑȍȘȓȐȕȋȖȔ șȈȔȣȔ ȏȕȈȔȍȕȐȚȣȔ ȖȗȚȐȒȖȔ ȘȈ-
ȉȖȚȈȊȠȐȔ Ȋ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȝ ǾȍȑșșȈ Ȋ ȗȘȍȎȕȍȑ
ǫȍȘȔȈȕȐȐ ǴȍȑȍȘȓȐȕȋ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓ Ȋ ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȌȊȖ-
ȧȒȖȊȣȗțȒȓȣȝ șȚȍȒȖȓ Ƕȕ ȉȘȈȓ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȌȊȈ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȖȌȐ-
ȕȈȒȖȊȣȝ ȊȣȋȕțȚȖ-ȊȣȗțȒȓȣȝ șȚȍȒȓȈ ǷȘȐ șȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȐȐ ȥȚȐȝ
ȌȊțȝ ȓȐȕȏ ȗȖȓțȟȈȍȔȈȧ ȔȍȎȌț ȕȐȔȐ ȗȖȓȖșȚȤ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȧȓȈșȤ
ȥȜȐȘȕȣȔ ȔȈșȓȖȔ ǷȘȐ țȌȈȟȕȖȔ ȗȖȌȉȖȘȍ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȖȒ Ȑ ȥȜȐȘ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȔȈșȓȈ ȔȍȑȍȘȓȐȕȋȖȊșȒȐȍ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȉȍȏțȗȘȍȟȕȣ
Ȑ ȗȖ șȊȍȚȖșȐȓȍ Ȑ ȗȖ ȟȐșȚȖȚȍ Ȑ ȗȖ ȊȍȓȐȟȐȕȍ ȗȖȓȧ ȏȘȍȕȐȧ
ȖȕȐ ȗȘȍȊȖșȝȖȌȐȓȐ ȖȌȐȕȈȒȖȊȣȍ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȗȖ ȘȈȏȔȍȘț ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐ-
Ȋȣ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȕȣȍ Ȑȏ șȗȓȖȠȕȖȑ șȚȍȒȓȧȕȕȖȑ ȔȈșșȣ ǹȔȖȚ-
ȘȐ ȧ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȓ ȖȗȣȚȣ ǴȍȑȍȘȓȐȕȋȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ

48
ǬȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ ȉțȌțȟȐ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȚȊȍȘȎȍ Ȑ ȖȌ-
ȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȥȓȈșȚȐȟȕȍȍ șȚȍȒȓȈ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȔ șȣȘȤȍȔ
Ǫ ȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓșȧ ȋȊȖȏȌȐȟȕȣȔ ȔȈș-
ȓȖȔ ǵȖ ȟȐșȚȖȚȈ Ȑ ȗȓȖȚȕȖșȚȤ ȔȈșȓȈ ȖșȚȈȊȓȧȓȐ ȎȍȓȈȚȤ ȔȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȓțȟȠȍȋȖ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȕȍ țȕȣȊȈȓ ǰȏțȟȈȧ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȕȣȍ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈ ȘȈȏ-
ȓȐȟȕȣȝ ȥȜȐȘȕȣȝ ȔȈșȍȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈȚȒȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕ
Ǫ ȈȗȚȍȒȍ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȒțȌȈ Ȗȕ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕȈ ȕȍ ȖȒȈ-
ȏȈȓȖșȤ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȗȖȕȧȚȕȖ ȐȉȖ ȒȈȒ ȍȔț șȒȈȏȈȓ ȏȈȊȍȌțȦ-
ȡȐȑ ȈȗȚȍȒȖȑ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕ țȎȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȊȖșȤȔȐ ȓȍȚ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȧȓ-
șȧ Ȋ ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕȍ
Ǭȓȧ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȥȚȖ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȍȗȧȚșȚȊȐȍȔ
ǹȖȉȘȈȊ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȍȕȧ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ
ȓȐșȚȤȍȊ ȚțȐ ȘȈșȚțȡȍȑ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ
ȕȈȓȈȌȐȓ ȗȘȐȔȐȚȐȊȕȖȍ ȕȈ ȗȍȘȊȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ ȗȈȔ-
ȚțȐȕȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȕȍȖȌȖȉȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖȚȕȍșșȧ Ȓ ȥȚȖȑ ȕȖȊȖȑ
ȏȈȚȍȍ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
— ǹȍȑȟȈș ȕȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȚȤșȧ ȗȖșȚȖȘȖȕȕȐȔȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȔȐ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȌȘțȋ ȗȖȑȔȐ ȟȚȖ șȍȌȤȔȖȍ ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȕȍ ȏȈ ȋȖȘȈȔȐ Ǫ
ȥȚȖȚ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȖȟțȚȧȚșȧ Ȋȕȍ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȐ Ǩ ȟȍȔ ȥȚȖ ȋȘȖȏȐȚ ȕȈȔ Ȕȣ Ȑ șȈȔȐ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȔ ȇ ȗȖȔȕȦ
ȟȚȖ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Țȣ ȉȣȓ ȚȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ȋșȍȝ ȘȈȚȖȊȈȓ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊ ȌȖȗțȡȍȕȐȧ ȊȣȊȖȏȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ǰ ȊȖȚ șȍȑȟȈș Țȣ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȍȠȤ-
șȧ șȊȖȍȑ ȈșȚȘȖȕȖȔȐȍȑ Ȑ ȖȗȚȐȒȖȑ ǵȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȦ Țȍȉȧ ǹȖȒȖ-
ȓȖȊǰ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȖȚțȗȓȧȓșȧ Ȗȕ șȟȐȚȈȓ șȍȉȧ ȊȐȕȖȊȈȚȣȔ ȗȍȘȍȌ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȋșȍ șȊȖȐ șȐȓȣ ȖȚȌȈ-
ȊȈȓ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȕȖȔț — ȗȘȍȌȖȚȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȦ ȊȣȊȖȏȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȈȓ
— Ǻȣ ȗȘȍțȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȍȠȤ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ
ȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȖȉȍȡȈȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ǭȌȊȈ ȓȐ ȍȔț țȌȈșȚșȧ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȐȚȤ
ȥȚȐ ȖȉȍȡȈȕȐȧ ǽȖȚȧ ȉȣ ȊȏȧȚȐȍ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ǷțșȚȤ ȗȖȗȘȖȉțȍȚ
ǵȈșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȧ ȏȕȈȦ ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕșȖȊȍȚ ȕȍ ȌȘȍȔȓȍȚ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ȕȈȌȖ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȚȤ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȍȚ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȈșȚȐȋȕȍȚ ȕȈș ȊȘȈș-
ȗȓȖȝ ǸțȒȐ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȐ — ȏȈȒȓȦȟȐȓ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȖȊȍșȍȓȍȊ ǹȖȒȖ-
ȓȖȊ

DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍ șȖȋȓȈȠȈȓșȧ ș ȕȐȔ
— Ǫșȍ ȥȚȖ ȚȈȒ ȕȖ Ȕȣ ȐȔȍȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ ș ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖȑ șȐȓȖȑ ȇ
ȗȘȍțȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȦ șȊȖȐ ȖȗȈșȍȕȐȧ ȘȖȊȕȖ ȕȈșȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈșȒȖȓȤȒȖ
șȊȖȑșȚȊȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȕȈȔ ȕȍȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣ Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȧ
ȔȕȖȋȖ ȌțȔȈȓ Ȗ ȚȖȔ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ ȖȟțȚȐȔșȧ Ȕȣ Ȋ ȚȖȔ
șȓțȟȈȍ ȍșȓȐ șȒȈȎȍȔ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚ Ȑș-
ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȦ ȐȏȓțȟȈȍȔțȦ ȎȐȊȣȔȐ ȖȘȋȈ-
ȕȐȏȔȈȔȐ ȕȖ Ȑ ȊȖȖȉȡȍ Ȋșȍ ȊȐȌȣ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȈȒȖȗ-
ȓȧȦȚșȧ Ȋ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȖȑ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ǰȓȐ ȌȘț-
ȋȈȧ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȉțȌȍȚ ȍșȓȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȈȑȌȍȚ șȗȖșȖȉ
ȊȖȏȊȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȗȖȑȔȈȕȕțȦ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȓțȟȐșȚțȦ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȐȦ Ȓ ȗȍȘȊȖȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒț Ȓ ȚȖȔț ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȔț Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȖȕȈ Ȑȏ-
ȊȓȍȟȍȕȈ" ǭșȚȍșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȟȚȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȐȓȐ ȊȍȘȕȍȍ ȊȖȍȕ-
ȕȣȍ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȐșȚȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȗȖȏȈȉȖȚȧȚșȧ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȊȖȏȊȘȈ-
ȡȈȍȔȈȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȧ ȉȣȓȈ Ȋ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ǩ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȊȖȏ-
ȊȘȈȚ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȉȣȓ ȉȣ —Ȑ ȉțȌȍȚ — ȘȈȊȕȖșȐȓȍȕ șȔȍȘȚȐ ȜȐȏȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȔț țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȐȦ ȗȍȘȊȖȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒȈ
— DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȚȈȒ ȊȍȌȤ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȌȖȌțȔȈȚȤșȧ ȌȖ ȈȉșțȘȌȈ ȇ
țȉȍȎȌȍȕ ȟȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȌȖȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȌȖ ȚȈȑȕ
ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȚȖ ȕȈȔ Ȑ ȗȖȌȈȊȕȖ țȌȈșȚșȧ ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ Țȣ șȈȔ ȏȕȈȍȠȤ,
ȟȚȖ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȌȖȊȖȓȍȕ ȝȖȌȖȔ ȐșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȐȑ
ǰ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȕȍ ȉȣȊȈȓȖ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ șȊȖȐ Ȗȗȣ-
Țȣ ǰȕȖȑ ȘȈȏ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȣȊȈȓ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȈȚȍȓȤșȒȐȑ ȗȣȓ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȑ țȊȓȍȒȠȐșȤ Ȗȕ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȓ ȍȔț ȚȖ șȖȊȍȚȖȔ ȚȖ ȒȈ-
ȒȐȔ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȖȊȣȔ ȗȘȐȉȖȘȖȔ Ȑȏ șȊȖȍȑ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ

50
XIII
DZdzǻdzǾǮǹȊǻȉǷ ȆȀǮǯ ǰ ǰǼǿȀǼǾDZdz
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȈȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȈȧ ȗȍȟȈȚȤ ȕȍ ȖȠȐȉȓȈșȤ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȍȎȍ-
ȌȕȍȊȕȖ ȚȊȍȘȌȐȓȈ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍ-
ȎȈȡȍȑ ȅȓȐȈșț ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȊȖȍȕȕȖȋȖ
ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȈ
ǵȈ ȥȒȘȈȕȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȋȖ ȏȈȓȈ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊ-
ȕȖ ȔȍȎȌț ȌȊțȔȧ Ȑ ȟȍȚȣȘȤȔȧ ȟȈșȈȔȐ Ȍȕȧ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȉȓȦ-
ȌȈȚȤ ȒȈȒ ȟȐȕȣ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ
ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ ȖȉșțȎȌȈȦȚ ȗȓȈȕȣ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȝ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȑ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ Ȋ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧȝ țȟȈșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȓȐȠȤ ȚȘȐ ȘȈȏȈ
ȕȈ ȗȍȘȊȖȔ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ ȋȌȍ Ȗȕ ȘȈȏȢȧșȕȐȓ șȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȔșȧ ȗȖ
ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏț ȊȖȍȕȕȣȔ ȞȍȓȤ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȑ «ȘȈȉȖȚȣ» Ȋ ȟȍȚ-
ȊȍȘȋ Ȑ Ȋ șțȉȉȖȚț ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȏȈșȓțȠȈȓ ȌȖȒȓȈȌ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȈ ȋȍ-
ȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ Ȗ ȝȖȌȍ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȑ
ǯȈȚȖ ȍȋȖ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǩȥȓȓ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȑ ȐȕȎȍȕȍȘ ȗȖ
ȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȈȕȐȦ ȕȍȗȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȘȈȏ
ǰ ȧșȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖ șțȡȍșȚȊț șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧȔȐ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚ
Ȗȕ Ȉ ȊȖȊșȍ ȕȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ ǶȌȕȈȎȌȣ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ǩȥȓȓ ȕȍ
ȧȊȐȓșȧ, — Ȑ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȕȍ șȖșȚȖȧȓȖșȤ
DzȖȋȌȈ Ȋșȍ șȖȉȘȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȘȈȏ ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ șȒȈȏȈȓ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘȣ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȗȖȓȋȖȌȈ — ȥȚȖ ȒȘȈȑȕȐȑ șȘȖȒ — ȧ ȌȖȓ-
Ȏȍȕ ȐȔȍȚȤ Ȋ șȊȖȍȔ ȕȍȖȋȘȈȕȐȟȍȕȕȖȔ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȐ «ȒȘȣȠț
ȔȐȘȈ» ȋȖȘȕțȦ ȔȍșȚȕȖșȚȤ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȕțȦ ț ȐșȚȖȒȖȊ ȘȍȒ ǨȔț-
ǬȈȘȤȐ Ȑ ǺȈȘȐȔȈ ǶșȚȈȓȤȕȖȍ șȒȈȎȍȚ ȔȐșȚȍȘ ǩȥȓȓ DzȘȈȑȕȐȑ
șȘȖȒ — ȠȍșȚȤ ȔȍșȧȞȍȊ ǭșȓȐ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ — ȚȍȔ ȓțȟȠȍ
ǪȖ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ ȘȈȏ Ȗȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȍȡȍ ȒȖȘȖȟȍ Ȑ Șȍȏȟȍ
— Ǫ «ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕ ȗȖșȚ» ȕȈȗȍȟȈȚȈȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȏȌȍșȤ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖ-
ȌȐȚ ȊȖȍȕȕȖȍ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȇ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȔ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤ-
ȕȖȔ ȠȚȈȉȍ țȔȍȦȚ ȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȧȏȣȒ ȏȈ ȏțȉȈȔȐ ǭșȓȐ ȧ ȖȉȕȈȘț-
Ȏț ȊȐȕȖȊȕȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȉțȌȍȚ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕ ǩȖȓȚțȕȣ — ȏȓȖȉȕȖ ȗȘȖ-
ȝȘȐȗȍȓ Ȋ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
ǬȖȒȓȈȌ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȈ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ Ȗȕ ȊȣșȓțȠȈȓ
ȔȖȓȟȈ ȕȍ șȌȍȓȈȊ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȕȐȧ ȕȍ ȏȈȌȈȊ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ

51
ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȔȍȚȖȌȐȟȍșȒȐ Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȐȏȓȈȋȈȓ ȗȖ
ȗȖȘȧȌȒț ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȣ ȏȈȌțȔȈȕȕȣȝ ȖȗȍȘȈȞȐȑ
— ǸȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȈȕȕȣȑ ȠȚȈȉȖȔ ȗȓȈȕ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘ —
ȕȈȟȈȓ Ȗȕ — ȒȘȈȑȕȍ ȗȘȖșȚ ǷȖ ȘȈșȟȍȚȈȔ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȍȕȕȣȔ ȕȍș-
ȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȘȈȏ Ȍȓȧ ȖȒȘțȎȍȕȐȧ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȊȖȏ-
ȌțȠȕȣȝ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȑ ȗȖ șȖȘȖȒ ȗȧȚȤ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ ȋȘțȏȖȗȖȌȢȍȔ-
ȕȖșȚȤȦ ȒȈȎȌȣȑ Ȋ ȠȍșȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ǸțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ-
ȔȐ Ȑ ȊșȍȔ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȍȔ ȌȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȤ ȐȔȍȦȡȐȑ ȕȈ ȉȖȘȚț ȕȍș-
ȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȖȕȕ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȐȚȈ ȧȊȓȧȦȡȍȋȖșȧ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ șȐȓȤȕȣȔ
ȊȏȘȣȊȟȈȚȣȔ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊȖȔ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȣȔ șȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖȑ ȕȈțȒȍ DzȈȎ-
Ȍȣȑ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ ȘȈșȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚ ȍȡȍ ȌȊțȔȧ ȔȐȕȕȣȔȐ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ-
ȔȐ Ȑ ȖȌȕȐȔ ȉȖȔȉȖȔȍȚȖȔ DzȖȔȈȕȌțȦȡȐȍ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȜȓȖ-
ȚȐȓȐȧȔȐ ȗȖȓțȟȈȦȚ ȏȈȌȈȕȐȧ ȖȚ ȌȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȧ Ȑ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȈȦȚ Ȓ
ȊȖȍȕȕȣȔ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧȔ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ǷȘȖȌȖȓȎȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȕȈȗȈ-
ȌȍȕȐȧ ȖȚ ȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȌȖ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȗțȕȒ-
ȚȈ ȕȈ șȍȊȍȘȕȖȔ șȒȓȖȕȍ ǫȐȕȌțȒțȠȈ — șȖȘȖȒ ȚȘȐ ȔȐȕțȚȣ Ǫ
ȗȓȈȕȍ ȗȘȍȌțșȔȖȚȘȍȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȍȓȤ șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȐȊȈȍȚ ȕȈ
ǷȈȔȐȘȍ șȚȖ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȝ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȝ ȒȖȘȈȉȓȍȑ ǹȖȋȓȈșȕȖ ȐȔȍȦ-
ȡȐȝșȧ Ȋ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȔ ȠȚȈȉȍ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȑ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ ȗȖșȚȖȧȕ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȋȈȘȕȐȏȖȕȈ ȕȍȚ ǩȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ șȉȖȘȕȣȍ ȗțȕȒȚȣ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖ-
ȘȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȖȒȘțȋȖȊ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȚșȧ ȕȈ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǻȘșȈȚȤȍȊșȒȖȑ Ȋ
ǴțȘȋȈȉȍ DzȘȈșȕȖȔ ǷȖșȚȍ Ȑ dzȝȈșșȍ ǰșȒțșșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ țȒȘȍȗȓȍ-
ȕȐȑ Ȑ ȉȈȚȈȘȍȑ ȕȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȍ ȚȖȎȍ ȕȍȚ Ǭȓȧ țȌȍȘȎȈȕȐȧ ȏȈȕȧ-
ȚȖȑ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȐ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ ȥșȒȈȌȘȐȓȤȦ Ȑȏ Ƞȍ-
șȚȐȌȍșȧȚȐ ȉȖȍȊȣȝ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ
ǷȘȐ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȝ șȓȖȊȈȝ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ țșȔȍȝȕțȓșȧ ȗȖȌȕȧȓșȧ Ȑ
ȊȣȠȍȓ Ȑȏ ȏȈȓȈ
ǶȠȈȘȈȠȍȕȕȣȍ ȋȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȣ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ țș-
ȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȖȞȍȕȒț ȗȓȈȕȈ Ȑȏ ȋȘȖȔȒȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȍȓȧ
— ǹȈȔȖȕȈȌȍȧȕȕȣȍ ȝȊȈșȚțȕȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȐȍ ȊȖȑșȒȈ ȗȘȐ
ȕȈȓȐȟȐȐ șȚȈ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ ȕȍ șțȔȍȦȚ țȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ǷȈȔȐȘ Ȉ ȔȖȐ
ȔȖȓȖȌȞȣ — ȋȖȓȖș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ șȚȈȓ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȗȘȐȧȚȍȕ Ȑ ȍȌȖȒ
— ȐȔȍȧ ȠȍșȚȤȌȍșȧȚ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ ȉțȌțȚ ȚȈȔ ȗȖȓȕȖȊȓȈșȚȕȣ-
ȔȐ ȝȖȏȧȍȊȈȔȐ"
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȌȈȊȕȖ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȐșȗȣȚȣȊȈȓȐ
ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȊȍșȍȓȖȋȖ ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȧ ȒȈȒ șȍȑȟȈș, ȗȘȐ ȊȐȌȍ ȒȐșȓȣȝ
ȜȐȏȐȖȕȖȔȐȑ ȗȖȟȚȍȕȕȣȝ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȖȊ ȉȍȏȔȖȓȊȕȖ șȓțȠȈȦȡȐȝ
ȌȘȍȉȍȏȎȈȡȐȑ ȋȖȓȖș șȊȖȍȋȖ ȗȈȚȘȖȕȈ

52
— ǶȌȕȈȒȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȋșȓțȝ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ — ȅȚȈ ȖȉȘȈȏȐȕȈ țȎ
șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȒȘțȚȖ ȖȉȝȖȌȐȚșȧ șȖ șȊȖȐȔȐ șȖȊȍȚȕȐȒȈȔȐ
— ǭșȓȐ ȚȈȒ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȐȚșȧ ȍȡȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȍșȧȞȍȊ ȚȖ Ȕȣ
ȔȖȎȍȔ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ Ȑ ȌȈȎȍ ȖȚȌȣȝȈȚȤ ǺȈȒȐȍ șȖȊȍȡȈ-
ȕȐȧ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș ȕȍ șȚȘȈȠȕȣ ǵȍ ȗȘȈȊȌȈ ȓȐ" — ȊȖșȒȓȐȒȕțȓ Ǻȍ-
ȘȍȝȖȊ
— ǬȍȓȖ ȚțȚ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ «ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ», — Șȍ-
ȏȦȔȐȘȖȊȈȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ — ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȕțȎȍȕ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ
Ƕȕ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ ȖȉȖȑȚȐșȤ Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ǹȖȉȈȒȈ ȏȈȘȣȚȈ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈ ȊȖȚ-ȊȖȚ ȓȖȗȕȍȚ ȖȚ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ «ȗȖȓȕȖȒȘȖȊȐȧ».
ǹȖ Ȍȕȧ ȚȖȑ ȉȍȏțȔȕȖȑ ȉȖȑȕȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ Ȋ ȐșȚȖȘȐȐ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȍȚșȧ
«ȊȍȓȐȒȖȑ ȔȐȘȖȊȖȑ ȊȖȑȕȖȑ» ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȑ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔ ȗȘȐ
ȊșȍȔ șȊȖȍȔ ȔȖȋțȡȍșȚȊȍ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȕȍ șȈȔȖȌȖȊȓȍȦȡȐȔ ȞȍȓȣȔ,
Ȉ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȔȐȘȖȊȖȋȖ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȈ ǪȏȋȓȧȕȐ Ȋ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ ǿȍȔ ȔȖ-
ȋțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȍȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȈșȤ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȚȍȔ
șȐȓȤȕȍȍ Ȑ ȧȊșȚȊȍȕȕȍȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȈșȤ Ȑ ȍȍ ȏȈȊȐșȐȔȖșȚȤ ȖȚ ȔȐ-
ȘȖȊȖȋȖ ȘȣȕȒȈ ǪșȗȖȔȕȐ «ȌȈțȥșȐȏȈȞȐȦ» ǭȊȘȖȗȣ ȕȈȟȈȊȠțȦ-
șȧ Ȋ  ȋȖȌț Ȋ ǫȍȘȔȈȕȐȐ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȊȠțȦșȧ Ȋ  ȋȖȌț ȊȖ
ǼȘȈȕȞȐȐ Ȑ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȊȠțȦșȧ Ȋ  ȋȖȌț Ȋ ǨȕȋȓȐȐ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈ
ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ «ȗȓȈȕȈ ǬȈțȥșȈ» ȏȈȋȕȈȓȈ ǭȊȘȖȗț Ȋ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȣȑ ȚțȗȐȒ ǭȊȘȖȗȈ ȌȖ ȗȖȘȣ ȌȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ șȍȓȈ ȕȈ «ȗȈȍȒ» ǯȈ-
ȚȍȔ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓ șȚȘȈȠȕȍȑȠȐȑ ȊȏȘȣȊ ǸȈȉȖȟȐȑ ȒȓȈșș ǯȈȗȈȌȈ
ȊșȚȈȓ ȊȖ ȊȍșȤ ȘȖșȚ Ȑ ȗȖȒȖȕȟȐȓ ș ȌȍȔȖȒȘȈȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȔȘȈȏȤȦ
— șȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȐȒȈȔȐ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȋȖ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȈ ǬȍȕȍȎȒȐ ǨȔȍ-
ȘȐȒȐ «ȗȓȈȒȈȓȐ».
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȐȧȓ Ƕȕ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȊȖȖȌțȠȍȊȓȧȓșȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ
Ȗ ȔȖȋțȡȍșȚȊȍ Ȑ țșȗȍȝȈȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȒȓȈșșȈ
— ǬȍȕȍȎȒȐ-ȚȖ ȗȓȈȒȈȓȐ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ Ȗȕ — ǵȖ ȥȚȖ ȍȡȍ
ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓȈ ȊȍȌȤ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ Ȑ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕțȦ ȟȈșȚȤ șȊȖȐȝ ȘȣȕȒȖȊ ǵȍȌȈȊȕȧȧ ȊșȍȒȐȚȈȑșȒȈȧ ȘȍȊȖȓȦ-
ȞȐȧ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȌȖȒȖȕȈȓȈ «ȌȧȌȦ ǹȥȔȈ» ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȑ ȗȘȖ-
ȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȕȍȒțȌȈ șȉȣȊȈȚȤ șȊȖȦ ȗȘȖȌțȒȞȐȦ ǺȖȚ ȎȍșȚȖ-
ȟȈȑȠȐȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȍȘȍȎȐȓȖ ȕȈȘȖȌȕȖȍ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȖ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȗȧȚȤ ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ Ȋ ȊȐȌȍ ȖșȚȘȖȋȖ ȒȘȐȏȐșȈ șȉȣ-
ȚȈ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȓȐ ȓȐȠȤ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȘȍșȚȖȊ ǹȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ șȐȓȤȕȍȍ
Ȋșȍȝ șȚȈȓ ȚȘȍșȚ ȅȓȐȈșȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȈȠȍȋȖ ȓȦȉȍȏȕȖȋȖ șȖȉȍșȍȌ-
ȕȐȒȈ Ƕȕ ȗȖȌȟȐȕȐȓ șȍȉȍ ȊșȦ șȚȘȈȕț ǵȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȔȈ-
ȓȖ ǯȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȑ ȉȍȏȌȍȑșȚȊțȍȚ ȗȖ-

53
ȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȕȍ Ȍȓȧ ȒȖȋȖ ȊȣȗțșȒȈȚȤ ȚȖȊȈȘȣ. ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȕțȎȕȣ
ȘȣȕȒȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗțșȚȐȚȤ Ȋ ȝȖȌ șȊȖȐ ȏȈȊȖȌȣ ȟȚȖȉȣ țȉȓȈȎȈȚȤ
ȉȖȋȈȚȣȔȐ ȗȖȌȈȟȒȈȔȐ ȊșȦ șȊȖȦ șȊȖȘț ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȗțȚȍȔ
Ȗȕ șȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȐȚȤ șȊȖȍ ȋȖșȗȖȌșȚȊȖ Ǫ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȍ Ȗȕ Ȑ ȊȐ-
ȌȐȚ șȘȍȌșȚȊȖ Ȓ ȏȈȒȈȉȈȓȍȕȐȦ ȊșȍȋȖ ȔȐȘȈ ǵȐȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ȐșȚȖȘȐȐ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ȚȈȒ ȧȘȒȖ ȕȍ ȊȣșȚțȗȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȔȍȎȌțȕȈȘȖȌȕȖȑ ȈȘȍ-
ȕȍ ȉȓȐȏȖșȚȤ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ șȝȊȈȚȒȐ ȚȘțȌȈ ș ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȖȔ ȒȈȒ Ȋ ȕȈ-
ȠȐ ȌȕȐ
— ǰ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȔ șȐȓȤȕȍȍ Ȑ ȔțȎȍșȚȊȍȕ-
ȕȍȍ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȥȚȖȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ ȒȈȒ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ — ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓ ȍȋȖ
ȔȣșȓȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ș ȊȐȌȐȔȣȔ țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍȔ Ȑ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȔ șȓȍȌȐȓ
ȏȈ ȘȍȟȤȦ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
— ǩȖȘȤȉȈ șȚȈȓȈ ȕȍȘȈȊȕȖȑ DzȈȒ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ-șȖȘȖȒ
ȓȍȚ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓ ȐȔȍȓ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȍș ȕȈȌ ȗȘȖ-
ȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚȖȔ ȚȈȒȖȑ Ȏȍ ȍșȓȐ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȍș Ȕȣ
ȐȔȍȍȔ șȍȑȟȈș ȕȈȌ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȖȔ ǻ ȕȈș ȍșȚȤ ȔȖȋțȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ
șȖȦȏȕȐȒ — ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȉȣȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ Ȋ
șȈȔȣȑ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȗȖȔȍȠȈȍȚ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȐȚȤ
ȗȓȈȕ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ
— ǵȈ ȥȚȖ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȚȤ ǹȓȐȠȒȖȔ șȐȓȤ-
ȕȣ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȕȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȏȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȕȕȖșȚȤ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ țȗ-
ȘȈȊȓȧȦȡȍȋȖ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȊȐȕȚȐȒȈȔȐ ȍȋȖ ȚȘȍșȚȈ — ȊșȚȈȊȐȓ
ȏȈȌțȔȟȐȊȖ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ǵȈȔ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȚȤșȧ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈ șȊȖȐ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ șȐȓȣ
ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȈȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ șȕȖȊȈ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕ-
ȕȖ șȓțȠȈȓȐ Ȑ șȓȍȌȐȓȐ ȏȈ ȥȒȘȈȕȖȔ
ǫȍȕȍȘȈȓȣ șȚȖȧȓȐ Ȋșȍ Ȋ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ ȒȐșȓȖ-ȗȖȟȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȖ-
ȏȍ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȗȖȊȍȘȋ Ȑȝ ȋȖȓȖș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ǷȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȖȕȐ
ȎȌȈȓȐ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȝ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȑ
ǰ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ Ȑș-
ȟȍȏ ȗȖȊȍȓȐȚȍȓȤ ȗȖȧȊȐȓșȧ ȍȋȖ ȚȘȍȚȐȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ — ȏȈȊȍȌțȦ-
ȡȐȑ ȓȐȟȕȖȑ ȒȈșșȖȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ǷȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȦ ȔȐșȚȍȘȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦ-
ȡȐȍ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ ȐȔȍȦȚ ȗȖȓțȟȐȚȤ Ȋ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȔ
ȉȈȕȒȍ ȌȍșȧȚȤ Țȣșȧȟ ȌȖȓȓȈȘȖȊ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌțȦ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȕțȦ ȏȌȍșȤ
Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȕȍȌȍȓȦ ǻȗȓȈȚȈ ȏȈ ȗȍȘȊțȦ ȕȍȌȍȓȦ ȉțȌȍȚ ȗȘȖ-
ȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȈ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ Ȋ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ țȚȘȈ, — ȟȍȒȈȕȐȓ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ

ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧșȤ Ȓ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȦ
Ǫ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȣȑ ȌȖȊȖȓȤȕȣȑ ȋțȓ ȋȖȓȖșȖȊ
DzȈȒ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȕȐȒȚȖ Ȑȏ ȗȖȟȚȍȕȕȣȝ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȖȊ ȕȍ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣ-
ȊȈȓ ȗȖȓțȟȐȚȤ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȒȘțȗȕȣȑ ȒțȠ ȏȈ ȕȐȒțȌȈ ȕȍ ȋȖȌȕȣȑ ȗȓȈȕ
ȏȈȝȊȈȚȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ
— ǯȈȌȈȉȘȐȊȈȍȚ ǵȖ ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȗȖȔȖȎȍȚ ȍȔț — ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȋ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȖȔ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ
ȕȈ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȦ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȏȍ ȗȖ ȖȉȣȒȕȖȊȍȕȐȦ ȗȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȖȗȍȘȈȚȐȊȕțȦ
ȟȈșȚȤ ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕșȖȊȍȚȈ
ǻ ȥȒȘȈȕȈ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȓȐȠȤ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȑ șȓțȠȈȚȍȓȤ ǨȒȈȌȍȔȐȐ
ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ ǸDzDzǨ

55
XIV
ǾǮǵǾȉǰ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍȝȖȚȧ ȗȘȐȕȧȓ țȟȈșȚȐȍ Ȋ șțȌȤȉȍ ȅȌȐ Dz Ȋȣș-
ȚțȗȓȍȕȐȦ ȍȍ ȕȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȍ Ȗȕ ȖȚȕȖșȐȓșȧ, ȒȈȒ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ
ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȚȍȓȤ Ȑ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ǭȔț ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȅȌȐ ȌȍȑșȚȊțȍȚ ȗȖȌ
ȊȓȐȧȕȐȍȔ ȔȐȕțȚȣ DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ Ȗȕ țȟȐȚȣȊȈȓ ȖȚșțȚșȚȊȐȍ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȑ ȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȅȌȐ Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȌȊȍ
ȕȍȌȍȓȐ — ȊȖ ȊșȧȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ, șȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ Ȑȏ
ǴȖșȒȊȣ — ȗȖșȚȖȧȕȕȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș DzȓȈȊȖȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȖȑ ǷȖ-
ȥȚȖȔț ȗȍȘȍȍȏȌ ȅȌȐ ȕȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘț Ȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȣȔ ȖȏȕȈȟȈȓ Ȍȓȧ
ȕȍȋȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȊȕȍȠȕȍȍ ȊȣȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȌȘțȎȉȣ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȑ ȌȘțȎȉȣ
ȔȍȎȌț ȌȊțȔȧ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈȔȐ
ǩȖȓȍȍ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȋȖ șȔȣșȓȈ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȍȘȍȍȏȌȍ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓ Ȑ
ȗȖȚȖȔț ȉȣȓ ȒȘȈȑȕȍ țȌȐȊȓȍȕ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȅȌȐ ȗȖșȓȍ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȈ Ȗȉ-
ȘȈȚȐȓȈșȤ Ȓ ȕȍȔț ș ȗȘȖșȤȉȖȑ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȐȚȤ ȍȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȖȑ
— ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȧ ȜȖȘȔȈȓȤȕȖ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȒȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǵȖ
ȧ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȉțȌț ȍȦ Ȋ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȍ ȌȕȐ ǽȖȚȧ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖ
ȧ Ȑ ȊȕȍȠȕȍ ȗȖȘȊȈȓȈ ș ȔȖȍȑ ȘȖȌȐȕȖȑ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȕȍȚ ȗȘȍ-
ȗȧȚșȚȊȐȑ Ȓ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȦ ȔȖȍȑ ȗȘȖșȤȉȣ — ȉȣȚȤ ȗȖȓȍȏȕȣȔ
ȟȓȍȕȖȔ Ȋ șȍȔȤȍ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ
ǷȘȖȚȐȊ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȜȖȘȔțȓȐȘȖȊȒȐ ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȈȚȤ
ȅȚȖ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȉȣȓ ȌȖȊȖȓȍȕ Ƕȕ șȟȐȚȈȓ ȍșȚȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȟȚȖ ȅȌȐ
ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȈ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ Ȏȍ ȌȍȕȤ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ ȕȈȘȈȊȕȍ ș ȗȘȖȟȐȔȐ
ȎȐȚȍȓȧȔȐ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ
— ǩȘȈȊȖ ȅȌȐ ǹȘȈȏț ȊȐȌȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌșȒȈȧ ȏȈȒȈȓȒȈ DzȚȖ ȕȍș-
ȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȓȍȚ ȗȘȖȉȣȓ ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȚȖȚ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȐȕȈȟȍ
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȇ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎț ȊȈȔ ȘȈȉȖȚț ȕȈ ȞȍȕȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǺȈȔ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ ȕțȎȍȕ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ Ȋ ȖȚȌȍȓȍȕȐȐ
ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȖȊ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓșȧ ȊȍȘȕȣȔ șȍȉȍ Ƕȕ ȕȍ țȊȓȍȒȈȓșȧ ǻșȓȣ-
ȠȈȊ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȗȕ ȖșȊȍȌȖȔȐȓșȧ Ȗ ȗȖȏȕȈȕȐȧȝ
ȅȌȐǶȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ȕȈ ȚȘȍȝ ȧȏȣȒȈȝ ȕȖ
ȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȚ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȚȍȝȕȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȕȈȊȣȒȖȊ ǵȈ

56
ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ȖȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȖșȚȖȑ ȕȈȒȓȈȌȟȐȞȍȑ Ȑ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ
ȓȍȚ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȈ șȚȖȧ ț ȖȌȕȖȋȖ Ȑ ȚȖȋȖ Ȏȍ șȚȈȕȒȈ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ȘȍȠȐ-
ȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȓțȟȠȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȉțȌȍȚ ȍȍ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤ Ȋ țȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȟȍ-
șȒȖȔ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȍ
ǵȈ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȅȌȐ țȎȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȈ Ȋ ȖȚȌȍȓȍ țȟȍȚȈ Ȑ
șȚȈȚȐșȚȐȒȐ ȋȖȘȕȖȑ ȒȖȕȚȖȘȣ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȊȣȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ
ǻ ȕȍȍ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȖșȤ ȔȕȖȋȖ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ Ȑ ȖȕȈ Șȍ-
ȠȐȓȈ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȌȖșțȋȖȔ Ȍȓȧ ȗȖȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ șȊȖȐȝ șȒțȌ-
ȕȣȝ ȏȕȈȕȐȑ Ȋ ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȍșȚȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȕȈțȒ ǩȖȓȤȠțȦ ȘȖȓȤ șȣ-
ȋȘȈȓȖ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ DzȓȈȊȈ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ țȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȓȈ ȍȍ ȊȔȍ-
șȚȍ ȊȏȧȚȤșȧ ȏȈ ȐȏțȟȍȕȐȍ ȝȐȔȐȐ
ȅȌȐ Ȑ ȘȈȕȤȠȍ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȘȈȉȖȚȖȑ DzȓȈȊȣ ǺȍȗȍȘȤ
Ȏȍ țȉȍȌȐȊȠȐșȤ ȟȚȖ ȉȍȏ ȏȕȈȕȐȑ ȖȕȈ ȖșțȎȌȍȕȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȚȖȘ-
șȒțȦ ȘȈȉȖȚț ș ȎȈȘȖȔ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȈșȤ ȏȈ șȈȔȖȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȈȕȐȍ
ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ șȖȊȔȍșȚȕȣȝ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȑ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȕȍȖȌȕȖȒȘȈȚȕȖ
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ Ȗ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ȋ ȕȈțȒȍ
— DzȓȈȊȈ — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓȈșȤ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȅȌȐ Ȓ șȊȖȍȑ ȗȖȌȘțȋȍ. — ȇ
ȌȖȟȤ ȚȖȋȖ ȒȚȖ ȖȚȒȘȣȓ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ Ȉ șȈȔȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȦ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ
ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȍ ǯȕȈȕȐȧ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȕȍ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȦȚșȧ ȗȖ ȕȈșȓȍȌșȚ-
Ȋț ǶȕȈ țȓȣȉȕțȓȈșȤ șȊȖȍȑ ȖșȚȘȖȚȍ
DzȓȈȊȈ ȘȈșșȔȍȧȓȈșȤ Ȑ șȒȈȏȈȓȈ
— ǯȕȈȑ ȅȌȐ ȟȚȖ ȚȊȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ ȕȐȒȖȔț ȌȖ șȐȝ ȗȖȘ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȓ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȒȘȖȔȍ ȖȉȡȐȝ ȔȍșȚ Ȗ șȊȖȑșȚȊȈȝ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ Ǫșȍ ȚȖ
ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȗȖȒȈ ȏȕȈȍȔ Ȗ ȚȍȗȓȐȚȍ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȖȔ Ȑȏȣș-
ȒȈȕȐȑ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȒȈȒ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ
ȒȈȎȌȣȑ ȘȈȏ ȚȊȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ Ȗ Ȋșȍȝ ȥȚȐȝ «ȕȖȊȣȝ» ȖȚȒȘȣȚȐȧȝ țȎȍ
ȏȕȈȓ ǵȖ ȗȖ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȐȕȐȞȐȈȚȐȊȍ Ȗȕ Ȗ ȕȐȝ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ ȚȊȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ ȏȕȈȍȚ Ȗ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȍ
ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȟȍȔ Ȕȣ
ȅȚȖȚ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȏȈ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ ȌȖ ȖȎȐ-
ȌȈȍȔȖȋȖ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȑȏ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȘȈșșȚȈȓȐșȤ
ȅȌȐ ȗȖȖȉȍȡȈȓȈ DzȓȈȊȍ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȕȐȒȖȔț Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȘȈȏ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȍ ǶȕȈ ȒȈȒ Ȑ DzȓȈȊȈ ȝȖȚȧ șȔțȚȕȖ Ȑ ȕȍȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȖ-
ȕȐȔȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȒ ȕțȎȕȖ
ǪșȚȘȍȟȈ ȅȌȐ ș ȖȚȞȖȔ ȊȣȠȓȈ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȖȎȐȌȈȕȐȑ ȖȟȍȕȤ
ȚȍȗȓȖȑ

57
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȓȈșȒȖȑ Ƕȕ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȕȍ
șȒȈȏȈȓ ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ȍȍ ȊȣșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ǵȖ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȏȈȧȊȐȓȈ
ȟȚȖ țȎȍ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ Ȍȕȍȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ Ȋ ȋȖȘȕȖȑ ȒȖȕȚȖȘȍ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȓșȧ
— ǯȈȟȍȔ Țȣ ȥȚȖ șȌȍȓȈȓȈ" ǿȚȖ ȏȈ șȔȣșȓ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ Țȣ ȘȈ-
ȉȖȚȈȍȠȤ" ǸȈȏȊȍ Țȣ ȟțȊșȚȊțȍȠȤ Ȋ ȟȍȔ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȍȌȖșȚȈȚȖȒ"
ǰ șȘȈȏț ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕȐȓ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ
— ǵȈ Țȍȉȧ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȗȓȖȝȖ ȊȓȐȧȍȚ ȏȌȍȠȕȐȑ șțȘȖȊȣȑ ȒȓȐ-
ȔȈȚ ǬȈ ȏȈȚȍȔ, Țȣ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ ȖȌȐȕȖȟȍșȚȊȍ ȉȍȏ șȊȖȐȝ ȗȖȌȘțȋ șȒț-
ȟȈȍȠȤ Ǵȣ ȥȚȖ ȌȍȓȖ ȗȖȗȘȈȊȐȔ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȧ ȍȌț Ȋ ǪȈȠȐȕȋ-
ȚȖȕ Ȑ Țȣ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȚȐȠȤșȧ ȕȈ ȘȖȌȐȕț
— ǵȍȚ ȗȈȗȈ ȧ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȍ ȊȍȘȕțșȤ
ǸȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȚȖȕ ȅȌȐ ȊȣȊȍȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȑȏ ȚȍȘȗȍȕȐȧ
— ȅȌȐ Țȣ țȎȍ ȕȈȌȍȓȈȓȈ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȋȓțȗȖșȚȍȑ ǪșȧȒȖȑ
ȠțȚȒȍ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ȒȖȕȍȞ ǹȍȌȤȔȖȋȖ Țȣ ȍȌȍȠȤ
— ǷȈȗȈ ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȍșȚȤ ȌȘțȋȖȍ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ǶșȚȈȕȤșȧ Țȣ
ȏȌȍșȤ, Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ǻȣ șȈȔ ș ȊȖșȚȖȘȋȖȔ ȖȚȏȣȊȈȓșȧ Ȗȉ ǰȕșȚȐ-
ȚțȚȍ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȕȈțȟȕȣȝ ȒȘțȋȈȝ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȐȒȚȖ
ȕȍ ȖȚȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȗȖȔȖȟȤ Țȍȉȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ
— ǪȖȚ ȒȈȒ" ǪȖȚ ȒȈȒȐȍ ț Țȍȉȧ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȅȚȖ ȗȘȍ-
ȓȍșȚȕȖ DzȚȖ ȗȖȘțȟȐȓ Țȍȉȍ ȊȍșȚȐ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȣ"
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȉȣȓ Ȋȕȍ șȍȉȧ ȖȚ ȏȓȖșȚȐ
— ǶȚȍȞ Țȣ ȌȖȗțșȒȈȍȠȤ ȔȣșȓȤ ȟȚȖ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȖȌȒțȗȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ
ȧ ȔȈȓȣȑ ȘȍȉȍȕȖȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ Ȗ ȟȍȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ" ȇ ȏȈ
ȥȚȐ ȗȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ ȔȕȖȋȖȍ ȗȍȘȍȌțȔȈȓȈ ȗȍȘȍȎȐȓȈ Ȑ ȔȖȍ ȕȍȗȘȍȒ-
ȓȖȕȕȖȍ, ȓȐȟȕȖȍ — ȗȖȕȐȔȈȍȠȤ Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȚȍȞ — ȓȐȟȕȖȍ țȉȍȎ-
ȌȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ ȎȐȚȤ Ȋȕȍ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȐȝ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ — ȕȍ
ȎȐȏȕȤ Ȉ ȎȈȓȒȖȍ ȗȘȖȏȧȉȈȕȐȍ ǰ ȧ ȉȣȓȈ țȊȍȘȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȖȌț-
ȔȈȊȠȐșȤ Ȑ Țȣ ȗȘȐȌȍȠȤ Ȓ ȚȈȒȖȔț Ȏȍ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȦ ȇ ȍȡȍ Ȑ
șȍȑȟȈș ȕȍ ȚȍȘȧȦ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȣ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȕȈȑȌȍȔ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȖȉȡȐȑ
ȧȏȣȒ
— ȅȌȐ Țȣ ȕȍ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȍȠȤ Ȗ ȟȍȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȠȤ ȅȚȖ — ȉȘȍȌ ȇ
ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȕțșȤ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȇ ȉȣȓ Ȑ ȉțȌț ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕȐȕȖȔ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ
Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȑ ȘȈȏ ȋȖȊȖȘȦ Țȍȉȍ ǭșȓȐ Țȣ — ȔȖȧ ȌȖȟȤ ȚȊȖȍ Ȕȍ-
șȚȖ ȘȧȌȖȔ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ Ȉ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ Ȕȍȕȧ
— ǶȚȍȞ

— ȇ ȚȊȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȚȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ȍșȓȐ Țȣ ȗȖȍȌȍȠȤ Ȋ
ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕ
— ǵȐȒȖȋȌȈ
ȅȌȐ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȈșȤ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȍȡȍ Ȗ șȊȖȐȝ ȗȍȘȍȎȐȊȈȕȐȧȝ
ǹȓȖȊȖ «ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ» ț ȕȍȍ ȊȣȘȊȈȓȖșȤ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȊȖȓȐ ǶȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ
țȊȍȘȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚșȧ ș ȖȚȞȖȔ ǵȖ, țȊȐȌȍȊ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȖȚȊȖ-
ȘȈȟȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȖȚ ȕȍȍ Ȑ ȊȝȖȌȐȚ Ȋ ȌȖȔ ȖȕȈ ȗȖȕȧȓȈ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȗ-
ȘȈșȕȖ
ǰȚȈȒ ȔȍȎȌț ȕȍȦ Ȑ ȖȚȞȖȔ Ȋșȍ ȒȖȕȟȍȕȖ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȑȟȈș țȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȖȕȈ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ǫȣ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ Ȕȕȍ ȌȘțȋ
ǷȖȔȖȋȐȚȍ ȅȚȖ ȊȣȠȍ ȔȖȐȝ șȐȓ ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȧ ȕȍ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȦșȤ ș
ȕȐȔ" ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ǷȖȔȖȋȐȚȍ
ȅȌȐ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȚȧȎȍȓȣȑ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȍ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȗȖ-
ȕȧȓȈ ȒȈȒ ȌȖȘȖȋ Ȑ ȉȓȐȏȖȒ ȍȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȋȣ ț Ȕȍȕȧ ȖȌȐȕ ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ ǷȖȔȖȋȐȚȍ
— ȅȌȐ țșȗȖȒȖȑȚȍșȤ ȇ ȊȈș ȕȍ ȗȖȒȐȕț ǰȌȍȔȚȍ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ șȈȔ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ, ȒțȌȈ ȐȌȚȐ ǵȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ Ȗș-
ȚȈȊȈȚȤșȧ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈ țȓȐȞȍ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȌȖȔȖȔ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȥȚȖ ȏȕȈ-
ȟȐȚ — ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȘȈșșȚȘȈȐȊȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ
— ǰȌȍȔȚȍ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȖȊȍȓ ȅȌȐ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȔț Ȓȓțȉț
ǹȌȍȓȈȊ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȠȈȋȖȊ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ Ȗȉȓȍȋȟȍ-
ȕȐȍ ǶȕȈ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȗȘȖȗțșȚȐȚȤ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȐȍ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȧ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȓȖ-
ȎȐȓȈ ǬțȕȉȍȦ ȗȘȖȊȖȌȐȚȤ ȍȍ ȌȖ ȌȖȔȈ.
ǻ ȊȝȖȌȈ Ȋ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘț ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȋ ȕȍȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ-
șȚȐ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ǵȈȔ ȕȈȌȖ Ȗ ȔȕȖȋȖȔ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ
— ǵȍ ȓțȟȠȍ ȓȐ ȖȚȓȖȎȐȚȤ ȕȈȠ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ"
— ǵȍȚ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȐȓȐ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ
— ȇ Ȓ ȊȈȠȐȔ țșȓțȋȈȔ — ȗȖșȓȍ ȒȖȘȖȚȒȖȋȖ ȘȈȏȌțȔȤȧ șȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ

59
XV
ǿǹȁȅǮǷǻǼǿȀȊ ǶǹǶ ǽǾdzǿȀȁǽǹdzǻǶdz"
— ǰȚȈȒ ȔȐșȚȍȘ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȧ ȋȖȚȖȊȈ ȌȖȊȍșȚȐ ȕȈȠț ȉȍșȍȌț
ȌȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ ǵȈȠȐ ȓȐȟȕȣȍ ȖȚȕȖȠȍȕȐȧ ȌȘțȋ Ȓ ȌȘțȋț — ȅȌȐ
șȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȥȚȖ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȉȍȏ ȚȍȕȐ ȒȖȒȍȚșȚȊȈ — ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȧș-
ȕȣ ǵȖ ȗȖȒȈ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ ȒȈȒ ȕȈȔ ȉȣȚȤ,
ȕȈȠ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȖșȚȈȕȍȚșȧ ȕȍȏȈȒȖȕȟȍȕȕȣȔ
ȅȌȐ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȈ ȐȕȈȟȍ ȗȖșȚțȗȐȚȤ ǸȈȏȘȣȊ ș
ȖȚȞȖȔ ȖȕȈ șȟȐȚȈȓȈ ȌȍȓȖȔ ȘȍȠȍȕȕȣȔ ǭșȓȐ Ȏȍ șțȎȌȍȕȖ ȗȖ-
ȘȊȈȚȤ Ȑ ș ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ ȚȖ ȓțȟȠȍ șȘȈȏț șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ dzȍȋȟȍ ȉțȌȍȚ
ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȚȐ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȗȖȕȐȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȍșȍȕȕȖȍ ȐȔ ȗȘȐ-
ȏȕȈȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ ȅȌȐ ȍȔț ȌȖȘȖȎȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȕȈ șȊȍȚȍ ȗȖȌȉȖȌȘȐȓȖ ȍȍ
ǵȖ șȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȔțȎȍșȚȊȈ Ȑ ȘȍȠȐȔȖșȚȐ Ȗȕ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȖ-
ȓȈȋȈȓ Ȋ ȕȍȑ
— ȅȌȐ Țȣ ȗȘȈȊȈ — șțȘȖȊȈȧ ȖȚȒȘȖȊȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ ȏȈ-
șȚȈȊȐȓȈ ȍȋȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ «Țȣ». — ǵȖ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ
ȘȍȠȈȚȤ ȊȔȐȋ ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȓ ȉȣ Ȋ ȚȊȖȍȔ ȔȕȍȕȐȐ ȍș-
ȓȐ ȉȣ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓ șȊȖȐ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ șȓȍȌțȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȘȣȊț șȚȘȈ-
șȚȐ
— ȅȚȖ ȊȍȘȕȖ ǵȖ ȧ țȊȍȘȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ Țȣ ǬȎȖȕȕȐ — ȅȌȐ ȊȗȍȘ-
Ȋȣȍ ȕȈȏȊȈȓȈ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȗȖ ȐȔȍȕȐ — ȊȣșȓțȠȈȊ Ȕȍȕȧ ȗȘȐȔȍȠȤ
ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȘȌȞȍȔ ȕȖ Ȑ ȘȈșșțȌȒȖȔ ǵȍ Ȕȕȍ țȟȐȚȤ Țȍ-
ȉȧ ȇ ȊșȗȖȔȐȕȈȦ ȚȊȖȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȚȊȖȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȏ Ȗ ȚȖȔ «ȒțȌȈ ȐȌȍȚ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈ».
Ǫ ȗȈȔȧȚȐ ȅȌȐ Ȋșȍ ȧȘȟȍ Ȑ ȧȘȟȍ ȊșȚȈȊȈȓȐ ȗȘȍȌșȒȈȏȈȕȐȧ
Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
— ǷȖȔȕȐȠȤ Țț ȔȘȈȟȕțȦ ȒȈȘȚȐȕț ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Țȣ ȕȈȘȐșȖ-
ȊȈȓ ȋȖȊȖȘȧ Ȗ ȗȈȌȍȕȐȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȌȖșȚȖȐȕșȚȊȈ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐ-
Ȓȍ" DzȈȒ Țȣ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗȉ ȅȓȐȈșȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȍ" ȇ țȎȍ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȗȖȕȐ-
ȔȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈ ȌȖȠȓȈ ȌȖ ȒȘȈȑȕȍȑ ȟȍȘȚȣ ȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ Ǵȣ ș
ȚȖȉȖȑ Ȋ ȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓȐ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ Ǻȣ ȗȘȈȊȌȈ șȔțȚȕȖ ȕȖ
ȒȖȍ-ȟȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗȉ ǹǹǹǸ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ Ƕȕ șȐȌȍȓ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȔ ȘȈȏȌțȔȤȍ ȊȕȐȔȈ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓȍȌȧ ȏȈ șȓȖȊȈȔȐ ȅȌȐ

60
— ǷȖȔȕȐȠȤ"
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȒȐȊȕțȓ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ
— ǷȖȔȕȐȠȤ" ȇ ȘȊȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ Ǵȍȕȧ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ ȊȓȍȒȓȖ
șȦȌȈ ǵȍȊȣȘȈȏȐȔȈȧ ȚȖșȒȈ ǵȍȚ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȚȖșȒȈ Ǵȍȕȧ
ȚȧȕțȓȈ șȦȌȈ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȈ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȈ — șȔțȚȕȈȧ ȕȍȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȈȧ
ǬȎȖȕȐ ȅȚȈ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȈ șȍȑȟȈș ȧșȕȈ ȇ ȊȐȎț ȉȍȏȖȉȓȈȟȕțȦ ȉț-
ȌțȡȕȖșȚȤ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ǰ Țȣ ȚȖȎȍ ȗȘȖȎȐȊȠȐȑ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȐ țȎȍ ȗȖȓȋȖȌȈ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȚȈ ȟȈșȚȤ ȟȍȓȖ-
ȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȖȉȘȍȒȈȍȚșȧ ȕȈ ȋȐȉȍȓȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȚȖȋȌȈ ȊȣȒȈȘȈȉȒȈȍȚșȧ Ȑȏ ȚȘȧșȐȕȣ Ȑ ȉȖȓȖȚȈ ȍșȓȐ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖ Ȑ ȉȍșȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȕȖ șȚȈȕȍȚ ȕȈ Țț Ȏȍ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȋȌȍ șȍȑȟȈș ȧ ǵȈ
Țț șȚȖȘȖȕț ȋȌȍ ȧ șȚȖȦ ȋȌȍ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ șȚȈȚȤ Ȑ Țȣ ǬȎȖȕȕȐ
ǩȣȓȖ țȎȍ ȌȈȓȍȒȖ ȏȈ ȗȖȓȕȖȟȤ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ Ȑ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȊȖȏȘȈȎȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ǵȍ ȔȖȋ Ȑ ȕȍ
ȝȖȚȍȓ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȕȍ țȔȍȓ ȒȘȐȊȐȚȤ ȌțȠȖȑ
Ƕȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ șȊȖȦ șțȌȤȉț țȎȍ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ șȗȐ-
ȕȖȑ Ȓ ȌȖȔț ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȗȖȌȓȍ ȅȌȐ
Ǫ ȔȖȏȋț ȒȘȍȗȒȖ șȊȍȘȓȐȓȈ ȔȣșȓȤ
«Ǩ ȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț"»
ǰ șȘȈȏț Ȏȍ ȊȏȋȘȖȔȖȏȌȐȓȈșȤ ȌȘțȋȈȧ ȚȘȍȚȤȧ ȗȓȈȕ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ șȕȖȊȈ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȅȌȐ ǰ ȗț-
ȚȈȓȐșȤ șȗȓȍȚȈȓȐșȤ ȔȣșȓȐ ǶȌȕȈ ȉȍȏȕȈȌȍȎȕȍȍ ȒȖȊȈȘȕȍȍ Ȕț-
ȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȍȍ ȌȘțȋȖȑ
«ȇ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȦ ȗȘȈȊȈ ȊȏȧȚȤ ȍȍ ȏȈ ȘțȒț Ȑ ȐȌȚȐ ș ȚȍȔȐ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȧ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș DzȍȘȚȐȒȖȔ ȓȖȊțȠȒț ǿȍȔ ȧ
șȊȧȏȈȕ" ǹȓȖȊȖȔ ǻȔȖȔ ȐȓȐ șȍȘȌȞȍȔ" ǵȐ ȚȍȔ ȕȐ ȌȘțȋȐȔ
ǰ ȟȚȖ Ȏȍ" ǹȓȖȊȖȔ ȇ — ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȍȞ ǵȖ, ȒȈȒ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒ Ȋ ȊȈȠȐȝ ȎȐȓȈȝ ȕȈșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȧ ȏȕȈȦ ȚȍȟȍȚ ȕȐȟȍȔ ȕȍ ȏȈ-
ȗȧȚȕȈȕȕȈȧ ȒȘȖȊȤ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȞȈ ȥȚȖ ȖȉȧȏȣȊȈȍȚ Dz ȟȍȔț Ȗȉȧȏȣ-
ȊȈȍȚ" ǰȌȚȐ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ țȔȈ Ȑ șȍȘȌȞȈ" ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȍȞ"»
— ȅȌȐ ȧ — ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȍȞ — ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȕȍ Ȋ ȚȖȕ Ȋȣ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ
— ǬȎȖȕȕȐ — ȅȌȐ ȕȍ ȌȈȓȈ ȍȔț ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ — ȇ ȚȖȎȍ ȈȔȍ-
ȘȐȒȈȕȒȈ ǵȖ ȧ, ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ, ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ǿȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȕȐ-
ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ șȗȖșȖȉșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȚȖȔț ȟȚȖȉȣ ȖȌȐȕ țȋȕȍȚȈȓ
ȥȒșȗȓțȈȚȐȘȖȊȈȓ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȇ, ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ, ȊȕțȟȒȈ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ-
ȓȐȚȍȑȡȐȒȈ ȗȓȍȔȧȕȕȐȞȈ ȠȈȝȚȍȘȈ ȇ șȈȔȈ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȈ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟ-
ȕȖ ȌȖȓȋȖ ȕȈ ȜȈȉȘȐȒȍ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȔȖȑ ȖȚȍȞ ȐȏȔȍȕȐȓ

61
ȒȓȈșșț Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȗȕ ȊȣȠȍȓ ȕȖ ș ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȧ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ
ȗȖȘȊț șȊȧȏȐ ǬȎȖȕȕȐ ȧ ȏȕȈȦ Țȍȉȍ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȘȍȠȈȚȤ ȊȖȗȘȖș
ǵȖ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ȘȍȠȍȕ ǪȣȉȐȘȈȑ ǶȚȍȞ ȐȓȐ ȧ" ǵȍȚ
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȈ ȐȓȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ" ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȐȓȐ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ"
ȅȌȐ șȈȔȈ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȖȏȘȍȊȈȓȈ ȒȈȒ șȖȊȗȈȌȈȦȚ ȍȍ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ ș
șȈȔȣȔȐ șȖȒȘȖȊȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȖȜȖȘȔȐȊȠȐȔȐșȧ ȔȣșȓȧȔȐ
Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
—ȇșȚȖȉȖȑ
— Ƕ ǬȎȖȕȕȐ ȇ ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ — ȋȖȓȖș ȅȌȐ ȌȘȖȋȕțȓ
— ȇ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȘȈȏȣșȒȈȚȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȐȓȐ ǹȖ-
ȒȖȓȖȊȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȋȘȖȏȐȚ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȍȑȠȈȧ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ǯȈȊȚȘȈ Țȍȓ-
ȓȐȚ ȉțȌȍȚ ȏȈ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȈȔȐ șȚȘȈȕȣ ǴȍȘȣ ȕțȎȕȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ șȍ-
ȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ ȊȖȕ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ
ǵȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȕȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȋ țȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȕȍ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ
Ǫ ȠȈȝȚȈȝ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȔȈȘȚȍȕȖȊșȒȐȝ ȗȍȟȍȑ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȕȈ
ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȔ ȏȈȊȖȌȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈ ȠȓȈ ȉȍȏȖșȚȈȕȖȊȖȟȕȖ ȌȕȍȔ Ȑ ȕȖ-
ȟȤȦ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȦ Ǫșȍ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȐșȒȐ ȉȣ-
ȓȐ ȉȍȏȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȕȣ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȕȖȟȤȦ ȊȣȍȝȈȓȐ Ȋ
ǴȖșȒȊț ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ǪȗȘȖȟȍȔ ȕȐ Ȋ ȒȖȕȚȖ-
Șȍ țȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȕȐ ȕȈ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȈȝ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȊȣȍȝȈȓȐ ȓȐ
ȖȕȐ Ȑȏ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ DzȓȈȊȈ ȚȈȒȎȍ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓȈ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȚȤ șȊȖȐ ȗȖȐșȒȐ
ǶȒȖȓȖ ȗȧȚȐ ȟȈșȖȊ țȚȘȈ Ȗȕ ȊȖȠȍȓ Ȋ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȍ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖ-
șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ Ǫ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȋ șȊȧȏȐ ș țșȚȈȕȖȊ-
ȒȖȑ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȋȈȚȍȓȧ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ
«ǭșȓȐ ȖȕȐ ȕȍ țȍȝȈȓȐ ȚȖ ȧ Ȑȝ ȏȌȍșȤ ȕȈȑȌț», — ȘȍȠȐȓ Ǭțȕ-
ȉȍȑǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȖ ȏȈȗȐșȐ ȈȔȉțȓȈȚȖȘȐȐ Ȋ ȗȧȚȤ ȟȈ-
șȖȊ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ
 ȕȈ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖșȚȈȕȞȐȦ ȉȣȓȈ ȊȣȏȊȈȕȈ
ȈȊȐȍȚȒȈ șȒȖȘȖȑ ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕșȒȖȑ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ
ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȧȊȐȊȠȐȑșȧ ȊȘȈȟ țȊȐȌȍȓ Ȋ ȔȈȠȐȕȕȖȔ ȏȈȓȍ
ȔȘȈȟȕțȦ ȒȈȘȚȐȕț ǵȈ ȗȖȓț ȖȒȖȓȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȊȈȓȈ Ȋ ȓț-
Ȏȍ ȒȘȖȊȐ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȗȖ ȊșȍȔ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȈȔ, ȕȍ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍ-
ȎȈȡȐȑ Ȓ ȠȚȈȚț ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ

ǹȌȍȓȈȓșȧ ȓȐ Ȗȕ ȎȍȘȚȊȖȑ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȧ ȐȓȐ ȕȍșȟȈșȚȕȖȋȖ
șȓțȟȈȧ ȊȣȧșȕȐȚȤ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ
ǵȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȗȖȌȈȊȠȐȍ ȗȍȘȊțȦ ȗȖȔȖȡȤ ȗȖȚȍȘȗȍȊȠȍȔț
ȕȐ ȐȕȎȍȕȍȘ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȌȠȐȑ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ș ȘȈȉȖ-
ȟȐȔȐ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓȐ ȗȘȐ ȒȈȒȐȝ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȓȈ ȒȈȚȈșȚȘȖ-
ȜȈ ǵȈȟȈȚȖȍ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȟȕȖȍ ȘȈșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȔȍȎȌț
ȗȘȖȟȐȔ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓ țȟȈșȚȐȍ Ȑ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȍ ȌȈ-
ȓȖ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȖȊ
Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȒȈȒ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ Ȑȏ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȈ ȔȕȖȋȖȟȐșȓȍȕȕȣȝ
ȘȈȕ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȉȣȓ ȏȈȝȊȈȟȍȕ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȖȟȕȣȔ ȊȈȓȖȔ Ȑ ȗȖȌ-
ȉȘȖȠȍȕ Ȓ ȔȈȝȖȊȐȒț ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȏȈȊȍȘȠȐȓ ȎȍșȚȖȒȖȍ ȌȍȓȖ
ǪȘȈȟ țșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ ȗȍȘȍȓȖȔ ȖȉȍȐȝ ȕȖȋ șȓȖȎȕȣȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȣȑ
ȗȍȘȍȓȖȔ ȗȘȈȊȖȑ ȘțȒȐ Ȑ ȚȧȎȍȓțȦ ȜȖȘȔț șȖȚȘȧșȍȕȐȧ ȔȖȏȋȈ
ǮȐȏȕȤ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȉȣȓȈ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ
ȅȌȐ țȏȕȈȓȈ Ȗ ȕȍșȟȈșȚȤȍ ȓȐȠȤ țȚȘȖȔ șȗțșȚȧ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȟȈșȈ.
ǶȕȈ ȉȘȖșȐȓȈ ȏȈȕȧȚȐȧ Ȋ ȒȖȕȚȖȘȍ Ȑ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȉȘȈȓȈșȤ
Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȕȐȞț

63
XVI
ǽdzǾǰǼdz ǼȀǿȀȁǽǹdzǻǶdz ǺǼǾDZǮǻǮ
ǯȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȈ ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓȈșȤ ș ȗȘȍȎ-
ȕȍȑ șȐȓȖȑ ǫȖȘȕȧȒȐ ȊȖȖȘțȎȈȓȐșȤ ǹȒȓȈȌ ȌȐȕȈȔȐȚȈ Ȑ ȔȖȘȋȈ-
ȕȐȚȈ ȗȘȍȌȕȈȏȕȈȟȍȕȕȣȝ Ȍȓȧ ȊȏȘȣȊȕȣȝ ȘȈȉȖȚ Ȋ ȠȈȝȚȈȝ ȉȣȓ
ȏȈȝȊȈȟȍȕ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ șȚȈȟȒȐ
ǹȖȉȣȚȐȧ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȚȣȊȈȓȐșȤ ș ȋȖȓȖȊȖȒȘțȎȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ-
ȚȖȑǫȈȏȖȊȈȧ ȈȚȈȒȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȈȧ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȏȈșȍȊȠȐȝ Ȋ ȏȌȈȕȐȧȝ
țȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȗȖșȍȓȒȈ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȓȈșȤ ȕȍțȌȈȟȕȖ Ȍȓȧ
ȕȈȗȈȌȈȦȡȐȝ ȗȖȓȐȞȍȑșȒȐȝ ǻșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȕȣȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȔȐ ȊȍȕȚȐ-
ȓȧȚȖȘȣ ȘȈșșȍȧȓȐ ȋȈȏȖȊȣȍ ȚțȟȐ Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȐ Ȑȝ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖ ǷȖ-
ȓȐȞȐȧ Ȑ ȊȣȏȊȈȕȕȣȍ ȈȌȔȐȕȐșȚȘȈȞȐȍȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ȘȍȋțȓȧȘȕȖȑ ȈȘ-
ȔȐȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȉȍșșȐȓȤȕȣ
ǸȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȈ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ ȏȈȧȊȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȊȍșȤ ȘȈȑȖȕ ȐȔȐ
ȔȐȕȐȘȖȊȈȕ Ȑ ȟȚȖ Ȋ șȓțȟȈȍ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȍȕȐȧ ȊȖȑșȒ Ȓ ȕȐȔ ȉȍȏ
șȖȋȓȈșȐȧ șȚȈȟȒȖȔȈ ȔȐȕȣ ȉțȌțȚ ȊȏȖȘȊȈȕȣ
ǷȍȘȊȣȑ ȖȗȣȚ ȗȘȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȗȖȋȐȉȓȐ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ șȖȓȌȈȚ
ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȊȠȐȝșȧ Ȓ ȊȖȘȖȚȈȔ ȗȖȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ǷȖȓȐȞȐȧ Ȑ șȖȓ-
ȌȈȚȣ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȐȌȚȐ Ȋ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȍ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȓȐȟȕȖ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȓșȧ ȥȚȖȑ șȚȈȟȒȖȑ ǷȖ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐ-
ȒȈȏȈȕȐȦ ȘȍȠȍȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȓȖȒȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ ȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ǩȈșȚțȦȡȐȍ ȉȣ-
ȓȐ ȖșțȎȌȍȕȣ ȕȈ ȋȖȓȖȌȕțȦ șȔȍȘȚȤ
ǵȖ ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ șȚȘȖȐȓ șȊȖȐ ȗȓȈȕȣ ȉȍȏ țȟȍȚȈ ȚȖȋȖ ȘȈȏ-
ȔȈȝȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȗȘȐȕȧȓȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ Ȋ șȊȧȏȐ ș ȏȈȉȈ-
șȚȖȊȒȖȑ ȋȖȘȕȧȒȖȊ
Ǫ ǷȍȘț ȖȌȕȈ ȏȈ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ
ǷȘȍȗȧȚșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ Ȑȝ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȦ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȦ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈ
ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȣȔ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȘȊȈȓ Ȑ ȔȍȚȈȓ
— ǹȘȖȟȕȖ ȊȣȏȊȈȚȤ ȒȈȏȕȈȟȍȧ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ — ȥȚȖ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȖȔȖȎȍȚ — ȓȍȗȍȚȈȓ ȊȚȖȘȖȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ
— ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ — șȖȋȓȈșȐȓșȧ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
ǹ ȥȚȖȋȖ Ȍȕȧ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȐ ǪșȍȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȑ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ
ǺȘțȌȈ ȕȍȖȌȕȖȒȘȈȚȕȖ ȗȘȐȍȏȎȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ǶȕȐ ȗȘȍȌȓȈ-

64
ȋȈȓȐ șȊȖȐ țșȓțȋȐ Ȋ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȍ «ȗȖșȘȍȌȕȐȒȖȊ» ȔȍȎȌț ȘȈȉȖȟȐ-
ȔȐ Ȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ
ǵȖ Ȑȝ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȉȣȓȐ ȖȚȊȍȘȋȕțȚȣ
ǩȈșȚțȦȡȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȈȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ ȗȘȐȉȣȊ-
ȠȐȍ Ȓ ȕȐȔ Ȍȓȧ ȊȣȘȈȎȍȕȐȧ șȊȖȍȋȖ șȖȟțȊșȚȊȐȧ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ
Ȑȝ ȗȘȐȔȍȘț Ȑ ȗȘȖȊȍșȚȐ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒț șȖȓȐȌȈȘȕȖșȚȐ
ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕșȒȐȍ ȏȈȊȖȌȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȏȈ-
ȉȈșȚȖȊȒȍ ȕȈ ȗȧȚȣȑ ȌȍȕȤ
ǹȖȉȘȈȕȕȣȍ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ Ȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ șțȔȔȣ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȐȓȐ ȉȈș-
ȚțȦȡȐȝ ȋȖȘȕȧȒȖȊ ȕȈ ȔȍșȧȞ ȗȖȓȕȣȔ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȒȖȔ
Ǫ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ, șȚȈȟȍȟȕȣȑ ȜȖȕȌ Ȋ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈȝ ȗȘȖ-
ȌȖȓȎȈȓ ȉȍșȗȘȍȘȣȊȕȖ ȘȈșȚȐ
ǸȖșȓȖ Ȑ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȖȟȕȖȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ
ǷȘȐȏȣȊ DzȘȈșȕȖȋȖ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ ȘȈșȠȐȘȐȚȤ ȍȌȐȕȣȑ ȜȘȖȕȚ
șȗȖșȖȉșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȘȖșȚț șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ Ȍȍ-
șȧȚȒȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȗȘȐȔȣȒȈȓȐ Ȓ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȔ
5 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȉȈșȚȖȊȈȓȐ țȎȍ  Țȣșȧȟ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȧȚȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȏȈȕȧȚȣȝ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧ-
ȚȐȧȝ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǩȈșȚȖȊȈȓȐ ȕȍ ȚȖ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȕȍ ȚȖ ȒȍȔ-ȚȖ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȔȣȍ
ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Țȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȌȖșȚȈȊȓȧȓȐ șȣȘȤȍ Ȑ ȗȖȓț-
ȜȈȉȘȐȒȈȚȣ Ȍȓȧ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒ
ǹȐșȚȍȔȈ ȌȍȚȈȓȐȏȖȊȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȖ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ șȚȍȗȍȕȐ ȘȈȏȌȍ-
ȓȍȕȐȧ ȚȘțȌȈ ȌȈȊȠȈȧ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȋȐȉȍȓȤȕȖȑ Ȋ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ țșȓȖȊȐȧȝ ȗȘȖ-
ȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ
6 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ țȎȍ ȉȍȏȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȣ
Ȋșȍȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓșȧ ȥȚȐȔ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȔ
ǻȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȍ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȘȈȏȢȍȏȎȈȧ ȗȖ ȉȍȏȌȍȑ-
șȚȊțȦȡȐȔ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȔ ȘȈȏȊȐȓȐ ȉȍȠȍȕțȦ ȈȋȐȚȈȞȐȦ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ
ǶȏȓȖȉȓȍȕȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȗȖȓțȟȈȊȠȐȝ ȓȐȠȤ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕț Ȗȉȣȟ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȒȈ ȉȍșȗȘȍȘȣȊȕȖ ȘȖșȓȖ
ǻșȓțȎȓȐȊȣȍ ȘțȒȐ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐ ȥȚț ȏȓȖȉț ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȉȈșȚțȦ-
ȡȐȝ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȧ ȕȈ ȕȐȝ, ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒ Ȋșȍȝ ȉȍȌșȚȊȐȑ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȕȈ ȖȌȕȖȔ Ȑȏ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȑ ȊȣșȚțȗȐȓ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤ
DzȘȈșȕȖȋȖ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ Ȑ ȊȣȌȊȐȕțȓ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ — ȗțșȚȤ

65
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȐȚ șȗȘȈȊȍȌȓȐȊȣȍ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȋȖȘȕȧȒȖȊ
— ȍȋȖ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ șȓțȠȈȓ
ǺȈȒȈȧ Ȏȍ țȟȈșȚȤ ȗȖșȚȐȋȓȈ ȗȖȟȚȐ Ȋșȍȝ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐșȚȖȊ Ȋȣș-
ȚțȗȈȊȠȐȝ ș ȗȘȐȏȣȊȖȔ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ȗțȚȍȔ ȗȘȐ-
șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȐȧ Ȓ șȚȈȟȒȍ
ǷȍȘȍȓȖȔ ȕȈșȚțȗȐȓ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȜȍȘȍȕȞȐȐ șȖ-
ȞȐȈȓ-ȌȍȔȖȒȘȈȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȚȣ ȠȈȝȚȍȘȖȊ
ȊȣșȚțȗȐȓȐ ș ȏȈȧȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȐ șȒȖȘȍȍ țȔȘțȚ ȟȍȔ ȖȚșȚț-
ȗȧȚ ȖȚ șȊȖȐȝ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȑ
DzȖȕȜȍȘȍȕȞȐȧ ȘȈșȒȖȓȖȓȈșȤ
ǷȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȐ ȗȈȘȚȐȑȕȖȋȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȑ ȖȘȋȈȕȖȊ ǪșȍȈȔȍ-
ȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȑ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȖȚșȚȈȐȊȈȓȐ ȜȖȘȔțȓț șȖȋȓȈ-
ȠȍȕȐȧ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȑ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȒȖȕ-
ȜȓȐȒȚ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ țȓȈȎȍȕ ȔȐȘȕȣȔ ȗțȚȍȔ
— ǵȈȠȐ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȣ Ȑ ȊȣȋȖȌȈ ȚȘȍșȚȈ — ȏȈȧȊȐȓ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ — șȖȊȗȈȌȈȦȚ DzȖȋȌȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚ-
ȊȖ ȗȘȐȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȍȚșȧ ȖȌȐȕȈȒȖȊȖ șȚȘȈȌȈȦȚ Ȑ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ, Ȑ
ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȐ ǩȍȏ șȖȋȓȈȠȍȕȐȧ ș ȝȖȏȧȍȊȈȔȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ
ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȌȖȉȤȦȚșȧ
— ǶȉȖȑȌȍȔșȧ Ȑ ȉȍȏ ȕȐȝ — ȘȈȏȌȈȊȈȓȐșȤ ȋȖȓȖșȈ — ǪȖȚ,
șȔȖȚȘȐȚȍ ȒȈȒ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǸȈȏȊȍ ȚȈȔ ȍșȚȤ ȕțȎȌȈ Ȋ ȝȖȏȧȍȊȈȝ"
ǵȈȔ țȎȍ ȚȖȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȗȖȘȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ Ȑȝ ȗȘȐȔȍȘț
ǸȈșȒȖȓ țȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȕȈȏȘȍȊȈȊȠȐȑ ȔȍȎȌț ȓȍȊȣȔ Ȑ ȗȘȈȊȣȔ
ȒȘȣȓȖȔ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȜȍȘȍȕȞȐȐ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȖȉȖ-
șȚȘȐȓșȧ
ǹȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȍșȧ ȕȈ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ țȚȘȖȔ ȘȈȏȖȠȓȐșȤ
ȕȍ ȗȘȐȕȧȊ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȋȖ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ
ǪȍȟȍȘȕȍȍ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓȖ Ȋ ȌȊțȝ ȗȖȔȍȡȍȕȐȧȝ
dzȍȊȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȒȖȕȜȍȘȍȕȞȐȐ șȖșȚȖȧȡȈȧ Ȑȏ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍ-
ȓȍȑ ȔȍșȚ ȊȣȕȍșȓȈ ȘȍȏȖȓȦȞȐȦ ȖșțȌȐȊȠțȦ ȗȖȊȍȌȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȈ-
ȊȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ Ȑ ȗȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȈ Ȋșȍ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȣȍ ȜȖȕȌȣ ȐȔȍȦ-
ȡȐȍșȧ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȝ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȚȤ ǾȍȕȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȔț șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖ-
Ȕț ȒȖȔȐȚȍȚț
ǪȖȗȘȖș Ȗ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȐȐ Ȓ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȍ ȉȣȓ ȖȚȒȓȖȕȍȕ
DzȖȕȜȍȘȍȕȞȐȧ șȟȐȚȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȚȤ ȌȖ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȧ
ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȑ ȠȈȝȚȍȘȖȊ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȊȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȌȍȚșȧ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȍȓȧ
ȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ șȖȝȘȈȕȕȖșȚȐ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȜȖȕȌȈ ȖȚ ȖȉȢȧȊȓȍȕȐȧ Ȋșȍ-
Ȗȉȡȍȑ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȐ ȕțȎȕȖ ȊȖȏȌȍȘȎȈȚȤșȧ

ǵȈȗȘȈșȕȖ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȚȣ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȟȈ-
ȚȖșȚȤ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȋȖȘȕȧȒȐ Ȓ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌț ȟȍ-
Șȍȏ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒț Ȑ ȊȖȖȘțȎȍȕȕȖȍ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȕȈșȚțȗȓȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǩȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȒȖȕȜȍȘȍȕȞȐȐ ȕȈșȚȖȧȓȖ ȕȈ șȖȝȘȈȕȍȕȐȐ ȊȣȎȐ-
ȌȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȖȏȐȞȐȐ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȣșȓțȠȈȓ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȈȞȐȦ Ȗ ȝȖȌȍ ȒȖȕȜȍȘȍȕ-
ȞȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ǷȖȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȈȊȣȝ ȉȣȓȖ
ȗȘȈȊȌȈ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȣȔ ǯȈȚȖ țșȗȖȒȈȐȊȈȦȡȐȔ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȍȔț
ȗȖȊȍȌȍȕȐȍ ȓȍȊȣȝ
ǵȖ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ ȊȍȟȍȘȕȍȋȖ ȏȈșȍȌȈȕȐȧ Ȗ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȍ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȜȖȕȌȈ ȊȣȊȍȓȖ ȍȋȖ Ȑȏ ȚȍȘȗȍȕȐȧ
— ǶȚȌȣȝȈȚȤ ȏȈ ȔȖȑ șȟȍȚ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȐȒȚȖ Ȑȏ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȅȚȖ
— ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȈȧ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȒȈ șȚȈȟȒȐ
— ǸȈȉȖȟȐȔ ȉȍȏȌȍȑșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȑ ȊȣȌȈȟț ȏȈȘȈ-
ȉȖȚȒȈ șȖȒȘȈȚȐȚȍ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȕȈȗȖȓȖȊȐȕț — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȗȕ Ȓ
șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȦ ȊȍȌȈȦȡȍȔț ȜȐȕȈȕșȖȊȖȑ ȟȈșȚȤȦ ȚȘȍșȚȈ
ǺȖȚ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȐȓ șȍȉȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȊȣȌȈȟȈ țȎȍ șȖȒȘȈȡȍȕȈ
ȕȈȗȖȓȖȊȐȕț Ȑ ȌȈȓȤȕȍȑȠȍȍ șȖȒȘȈȡȍȕȐȍ ȊȣȏȖȊȍȚ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȖșȓȖȎ-
ȕȍȕȐȧ
ǺȖ Ȏȍ șȈȔȖȍ ȏȈȧȊȐȓ Ȑ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȒȖ-
ȚȖȘȣȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȔȐ ȖȜȐȞȍȘȈȔȐ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȟȍȕ Ȍȓȧ
ȖȉșțȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȝ ȔȍȘȖȗȘȐȧȚȐȑ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȊȣȒ Ȓ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖȘȍȟȐȧȔ ȌȈȎȍ ȍșȓȐ ȖȕȐ ȗȘȖ-
ȐȏȕȖșȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ șȈȔȖȑ ȗȖȟȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȜȖȘȔȍ
— ǶȚȌȈȑȚȍ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ — ȐșșȚțȗȓȍȕȕȖ
ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ Ȗȕ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ
Ǫ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȌȍȎțȘȕȣȑ ȓȈȒȍȑ ȗȖȌȕȍș ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȏȈ-
ȗȐșȒț ȗȖșȓȈȕȕțȦ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȒȈȒ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖ ȜȖȘȔȍ ȉțȔȈ-
ȋȐ ș ȍȋȖ ȓȐȟȕȖȑ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ ǯȈȗȐșȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȏȈȠȐȜȘȖȊȈ-
ȕȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȗȘȖȟȐȚȈȓ ȍȍ ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ ȗȖȚȖȔ,
ȊȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȕȍȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȉ ȏȈȚȍȔ ȚȊȍȘȌȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȓ
— ǸȈȉȖȟȐȔ ȕȍ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȊȠȐȔșȧ Ȓ șȚȈȟȒȍ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȖȒ
ȊȣȌȈȊȈȚȤ ȗȖȓȕȖșȚȤȦ

67
XVII
ǿǼǸǼǹǼǰ ǾǮǻdzǻ
ǷȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȗȖ șȐșȚȍȔȍ ǴȍȑȍȘ-
ȓȐȕȋȈ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȖȌȊȐȋȈȓȖșȤ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ
ǽȐȔȐȟȍșȒȐ ȟȐșȚȣȑ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕ ȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ țȌȖȊȓȍȚ-
ȊȖȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȖȔ Ȍȓȧ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ ȗȖȓȖșȚȐ ȊȕțȚȘȐ
ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȕȈȟȈȓȈ ȖȚȕȖșȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȖȗȣȚȈȔ ȊȖșȚȖȘȎȍȕȕȖ ȕȖ
ȊȗȖșȓȍȌșȚȊȐȐ ȉȣȊȈȓȐ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȐȓ Ȓ ȕȈȟȈ-
ȚȖȔț Ȍȍȓț șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȒȘȐȚȐȟȍșȒȐ ǵȍȌȖȊȍȘȐȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȊȏȧȓȖ
șȊȖȍ
ǵȖ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ — ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
Ȑ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ, — Ȗȕ ȚȖȘȎȍșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
—  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ  ȋȖȌȈ ȊȖȑȌȍȚ Ȋ ȐșȚȖȘȐȦ ȕȈțȒȐ ȒȈȒ ȗȖȊȖ-
ȘȖȚȕȣȑ ȗțȕȒȚ Ȋ ȐȏțȟȍȕȐȐ ȈșȚȘȖȕȖȔȐȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Țȣ ȕȍȗȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȕȖ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȗȘȐ șȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȐ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȒȘțȗ-
ȕȖȋȖ șȚȍȒȓȈ DzșȚȈȚȐ ȧ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȗȘȐȉȍȋȕțȚȤ Ȓ ȚȊȖȍȔț ȖȗȣȚț Ȋ
ȖȉȓȈșȚȐ ȐșȟȐșȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȓȖȡȈȌȐ ȒȘȐȊȣȝ ȗȖȊȍȘȝȕȖșȚȍȑ ǩȍȏ ȥȚȐȝ
ȐșȟȐșȓȍȕȐȑ Ȕȣ ȕȍ șțȔȍȍȔ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȤ ȕȐ șȊȍȚȖșȐȓȣ
ȕȐ ȊȍȓȐȟȐȕȣ ȗȖȓȧ ȏȘȍȕȐȧ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ
— Ǻȣ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ Ȑ ȗȘȈȊ — ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ȇ ȖȚ-
ȕȦȌȤ ȕȍ șȖȉȐȘȈȦșȤ țȔȈȓȧȚȤ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȖȉȢȍȒ-
ȚȐȊȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ Ȕȣ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ Ȑ ș țȌȖȊȖȓȤșȚȊȐȍȔ ȗȘȐ-
Ȕț țȟȈșȚȐȍ Ȋ ȓȦȉȣȝ ȐșȟȐșȓȍȕȐȧȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉțȌțȚ ȕțȎȕȣ ǵȖ
ȕȍ ȌțȔȈȍȠȤ ȓȐ Țȣ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȟȚȖ Ȑ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȖȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȐșȚȖ-
ȘȐȟȍșȒȐȔ ȌȕȍȔ"
— ȇ ȗȘȐȊȣȒ ȚȘȍȏȊȖ ȊȏȊȍȠȐȊȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ —
ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ — Ǵȣ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȚȖȉȖȑ ȗȘȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐ Ȋșȍ
«ȏȈ» Ȑ «ȗȘȖȚȐȊ» ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ȊȣȊȖȏȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ǪȖȗȘȖș ȘȍȠȍȕ
— ǬȈ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȍȔ ȗȘȈȊȈ șȖȘȊȈȚȤ ȒȖȕȞȍș-
șȐȖȕȕȣȑ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȕȣȑ ǾǰDz ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȍșȚȤ ȍȡȍ
ȗțȚȐ ǹȒȈȎȍȔ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȐȚȤ ȌȍȒȘȍȚ Ȗ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȖȑ Ȟȍȓȍ-
șȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȏȈȗȘȍȚȐȚȤ ȊȣȊȖȏ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
— DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȅȚȖ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ǵȈȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȏȈȗȘȍȚȈ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȖȉȖșȕȖȊȈȕȖ ǰ ȖȉȖșȕȖȊȈȕȖ ȜȈȒȚȈȔȐ

68
— ȅȚȖ-ȚȖ Ȑ ȔțȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȍȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȟȚȖ ț ȕȈș ȕȍȚ ȜȈȒȚȖȊ ǷȖȑ-
ȔȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȔȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȇ ȓȖȋȐȟȍșȒȐ ȘȈșșțȎȌȈȧ ȗȘȐ-
ȝȖȎț Ȓ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȦ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȍ ȔȖȐ ȖȗȈșȍȕȐȧ — ȊȏȌȖȘ Ȑ ȗțș-
ȚȧȒȐ ǰ Ȋ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȍ ȔȖȋț ȖȚȌȍȓȈȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȔȣșȓȐ ȟȚȖ
ȚȍȓȓȐȚ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ — Ȉ ȊȍȌȤ ȕȍȚ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȧ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖ-
ȗȈȌȍȚ Ȋ ȘțȒȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ — ȔȖȎȍȚ șȚȈȚȤ ȋȘȖȏȕȣȔ ȖȘțȎȐȍȔ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȖȘȈȎȈȓșȧ ȔȣșȓȧȔ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
Ǭȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ țȎȍ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȕȍ ȉȣȓ șȍȒȘȍȚȖȔ ȚȖȚ ȏȕȈȔȍȕȐȚȣȑ
ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ Ȋ șȊȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖȌșȓțȠȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȋ ǰȕ-
șȚȐȚțȚȍ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ǰȔȍȕȕȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȈ
ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȓȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ șȖȝȘȈȕȐȊȠȍȑșȧ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȍ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȑ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖȗȘȖȊȖȌȒȍ șȚȈȘȖȋȖ ȚȐȗȈ
ǹȖȌȍȘȎȈȕȐȦ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ Ȗȕ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȌȈȊȈȓ
ȒȘțȗȕȖȋȖ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧ
ǵȈȖȉȖȘȖȚ ȉȣȊȈȓȐ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȣ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȗȖȌȚȘțȕȐȊȈȓ ȕȈȌ
ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȓȦȉȐȓ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȚȤ Ȋ ȚȈȒȐȝ șȓțȟȈȧȝ «ȚȦ-
ȜȧȒȖȔ».
— ǻȔȕȣȑ ȥȚȖȚ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ Ȉ ȐȌȍȚ ȕȈ țȌȖȟȒț șȚȈȘȐȒȈ ȒȈȒ ȔȈȓȤ-
ȟȐȠȒȈ ǺȦȜȧȒ Ȗȕ Ȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗ «ȟȐșȚȖȑ ȕȈțȒȍ» ȚȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȖȉȧȏȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȖșȓȍ-
ȏȐȓșȧ ȉȣ ǸȈȏȊȍ ȥȚȖ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȐȑ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤ ȕȈțȒȐ" — ȊșȒȐȗȍȓ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ
ǺȈȒ ȉȣȓȖ Ȑ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ ȊȔȍ-
șȚȍ ș DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ șȊȖȦ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒțȦ ȠȓȐȜȖ-
ȊȈȓȤȕțȦ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒțȦ Ȍȓȧ ȏȈȊȍȘȠȍȕȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȗȖ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍ-
ȕȐȦ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȒȘțȗȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ
Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȎȐȏȕȍȘȈȌȖșȚȍȕ Ȑ ȍȔț ȝȖȚȍ-
ȓȖșȤ ȘȈȏȊȍșȍȓȐȚȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
— ǵȈȔ ȕȍ șȚȘȈȠȕȖ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȍ ȋȘȖȏȕȖȍ ȖȘțȎȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȖȟțȚȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ǵȍ Ȕȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ Țȍȉȍ Ȗ ȚȖȔ
ȟȚȖ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ — șȈȔȖșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȥȒȖȕȖȔȐȟȍșȒȈȧ ȍȌȐȕȐȞȈ
ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍ ȕțȎȌȈȍȚșȧ Ȋ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ ȐȓȐ Ȋ șȊȧȏȐ ș
ǨȔȍȘȐȒȖȑ Ǵȣ ȔȖȎȍȔ ȗȖȘȊȈȚȤ Ȋ ȓȦȉȖȑ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȊșȧȒȐȍ ȖȚ-
ȕȖȠȍȕȐȧ ș ǨȔȍȘȐȒȖȑ Ȑ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ȖȚȘȈȏȐȚșȧ ȕȈ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ
ǭșȓȐ ȉȣ Ȋ șȚȘȈȕȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȍ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖ țȋȕȍȚȍȕȕȣȝ
ȥȒșȗȓțȈȚȐȘțȍȔȣȝ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȕȈȔ ȊȖȊșȍ ȕȍ ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȣ
ȌțȔȈȚȤ Ȗ ȕȍȑ

69
ǷȖȌȝȖȌȧ Ȓ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒȖȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȝ-
ȊȈȚȐȓ ș șȖȉȖȑ ȖȗȘȈȊȣ șȗȍȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȕȖȑ Ȍȓȧ ȕȖ-
ȊȖȋȖ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȖȗȘȈȊȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ȟȚȖ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȒȈȒ ȅȌȐ Ȑ Ǭțȕ-
ȉȍȑ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȊȖȠȓȐ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȌȖȔ
— Ǩ ȟȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ș ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖ" Ǫșȍ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ
Ȕȣ Ȗ ȕȍȔ ȏȕȈȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗ ȕȍȔ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȍȚ ȅȌȐ ȋȖȊȖ-
ȘȐȚ ȏȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ șȓȈȊȕȣȑ ȔȈȓȣȑ ȇ ȌțȔȈȦ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȚ
ȟȚȖ ȌȍȓȈȍȚ ǭșȓȐ ș ȕȐȔ ȗȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖ Ȗȕ șțȔȍȍȚ Ȋȣ-
ȉȘȈȚȤ ȔȍȎȌț șȊȖȐȔ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȔ ȋȘȈȎȌȈȕșȚȊȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ
ȚȈȒ ȒȐȟȐȚșȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȑ ȉȓȈȋȖȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ Ȓ ȒȖȚȖȘȖ-
Ȕț șȚȘȍȔȐȔșȧ Ȕȣ — ȗȘȖȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ȍȓȧ șȍ-
ȉȧ ȟȍȔ Ȍȓȧ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
ǬȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȏȈȕȧȚȣȑ ȗȘȐȓȈȎȐȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȖȗȘȈ-
Ȋȣ ȐȓȐ ȕȍ ȘȈșșȓȣȠȈȓ șȓȖȊ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȐȓȐ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȊȖȊșȍ
ȊȖȏȖȉȕȖȊȓȧȚȤ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ ǪȖ ȊșȧȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ Ȗȕ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ șȓȖȊȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȉȍȏ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ
ǯȈ ȘȈȉȖȚȖȑ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȒȈȒ ȔȐȕțȓȈ ȕȖȟȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȘȐ-
ȕȐȔȈȓ ȊȖ ȊșȍȔ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ țȟȈșȚȐȍ
ǰșȟȐșȓȍȕȐȧ ȉȣȓȐ șȌȍȓȈȕȣ ǸȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ Ȑȝ ȗȘȍȊȏȖȠȓȐ
șȈȔȣȍ șȔȍȓȣȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ
ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕ Ȑ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ șȕȖȊȈ ȐșȗȣȚȣȊȈȧ ȗȘȖȟȕȖșȚȤ ȒȍȘȚȐ-
ȒȐȚȈ ȗȖșȚțȒȐȊȈȓ ȐȔ Ȋ ȚȈȒȚ ȘȍȟȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȗȖ șȚȖȓț
DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȑ ȗȖȓțȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒȈ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȊ-
ȠȈȧ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȊȣșȚȘȍȓ Ȑȏ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ
ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȊȐȌȐȔțȦ șȚȍȒȓȧȕȕțȦ ȝȘțȗȒȖșȚȤ ș ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍ-
șȒȐȔ ȏȊȖȕȖȔ ȖȚșȒȈȒȐȊȈȓ ȖȚ ȔȘȈȔȖȘȕȖȋȖ șȚȖȓȈ șȖȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ
ȕȍȗȖȊȘȍȎȌȍȕȕȣȔ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȓ Ȓ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȦ ȗȖȓȖșȚȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ȗȈȔ-
ȚțȐȕȖȔ
Ƕȉȍ ȗȖȓȖȊȐȕȒȐ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ȉȣȓȐ Ȗȗțȡȍȕȣ Ȋ ȊȈȕȕț ȕȈȗȖȓ-
ȕȍȕȕțȦ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕȖȔ
— ǷȖȓȖȊȐȕȒȐ șȓȖȎȍȕȣ ǺȈȒ ǪȖȏȌțȠȕȣȝ ȗțȏȣȘȍȑ Ȋ ȗȖ-
ȓȖșȚȐ ȕȍȚ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ǩțȌȤ ȌȖȉȘ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȑ Ȕȕȍ ȖȗȘȈȊț
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȖȋȘțȏȐȓ ȖȗȘȈȊț Ȋ ȊȈȕȕț
— ǪȖȚ ȚȈȒ ǶȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ țȎȍ Ȋ ȖȗȘȈȊȍ ǵȖ ȖȗȘȈȊȈ ȟțȚȤ-ȟțȚȤ
ȊȍȓȐȒȈ ǹȍȑȟȈș ȊȖȏȤȔȍȔ Ȑ ȋȖȚȖȊȖ

ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȎȈȓ ȖȗȘȈȊț Ȑ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȓȖ ȕȍȟȚȖ ȕȍȗȘȍȌȊȐ-
ȌȍȕȕȖȍ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȖȍ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȊȈȦȡȍ șȓȍȌȐȓ ȏȈ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧȔȐ șȊȖȍȋȖ
ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȈ
ǺȖȚ ș ȕȍȖȉȣȟȈȑȕȖȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖȚȖȑ ȊȣȝȊȈȚȐȓ ȘțȒȐ Ȑȏ ȊȈȕȕȣ
ǶȕȐ ȉȣȓȐ Ȋ ȒȘȖȊȐ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȕȧȓșȧ ȖșȔȖȚȘȖȔ ȘțȒ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
ǵȈ ȗȘȈȊȖȑ ȘțȒȍ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȐȍ ȗȖȊȍȘȝȕȖ-
șȚȕȣȍ ȘȍȏȈȕȣȍ ȘȈȕȣ ȕȈ ȓȍȊȖȑ — ȖȌȕȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȈȧ ȏȐȧȦȡȈȧ
ȚȖȎȍ ȘȍȏȈȕȈȧ ȘȈȕȈ
ǪȔȍșȚȍ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐ ȊȈȕȕț
ǰ ȕȈȠȓȐ Ȋ ȕȍȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȉȓȖȔȒȖȊ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȋȖ
ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈ ș ȖșȚȘȣȔȐ ȒȘȈȧȔȐ
ǶȉȢȍȒȚȐȊ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȗȘȐ ȏȈȎȐȔȍ ȓȖȗȕțȓ Ȑ ȖșȒȖȓȒȐ
ȗȖȘȈȕȐȓȐ ȘțȒȐ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓ șȓȖȊ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț șȗȖȒȖȍȕ
— ǺțȚ ȟȚȖ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȕȍȓȈȌȕȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
— ǵȈȌȖ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȐșșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ — ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ
ȗȘȐȠȍȌȠȐȑ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ Ȋ șȍȉȧ ȖȚ ȐȏțȔȓȍȕȐȧ

71
XVIII
ȀdzǹǹǶȀ ǵǮ ǽǾdzDzdzǹǮǺǶ dzǰǾǮǵǶǶ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȘțȒȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ
— Ǻȍȉȍ ȘțȒȐ ȍȡȍ ȗȘȐȋȖȌȧȚșȧ ȇ, ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ, ȏȈȑȔțșȤ
ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȒȖȑ ȘȈȕ Ǻȣ ȊȍȌȤ ȐșȚȍȒȈȍȠȤ ȒȘȖȊȤȦ ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ Ȕȍȕȧ
ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȐȚ ȚȊȖȧ ȓȍȊȈȧ ȘțȒȈ
— ǻȟȚȐ ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȐȔȍȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ ș ȖșȒȖȓȒȈȔȐ ȒȍȘȚȐ-
ȒȐȚȈ ǵțȎȕȖ ȉțȌȍȚ șȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȕȍ ȗȖȧȊȧȚșȧ ȓȐ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ Ȗș-
ȓȖȎȕȍȕȐȧ Ȉ țșȚȈȕȖȊȐȚȤ ȗȘȐȟȐȕț ȕȍțȌȈȟȐ Ȕȣ ȊșȍȋȌȈ țșȗȍȍȔ
— Ǩ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ ȚȈȒȖȍ" — ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȕȕȖ șȗȘȖșȐȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
țșȓȣȠȈȊ șȐȘȍȕț ȊȖȏȊȍȡȈȦȡțȦ ȗȘȐȉȣȚȐȍ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȐ șȒȖȘȖȑ
ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕșȒȖȑ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ — ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȕȈ ȕȈȠȍȑ șȗȈșȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ
șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ ȥȒȘȈȕ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ"
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ șȗțșȚȧ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȒțȕȌ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȈ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȍȓȈ ȔȐ-
ȔȖ.
— ǿȚȖ Ȏȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȠȓȖ"
ǯȈ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȕȈ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐ ȖȌ-
ȕȖȋȖ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖȋȖ șȓțȟȈȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓ ȉȣ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕ-
ȕȖȑ ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕșȒȖȑ ȗȖȔȖȡȐ
ǶȗȣȚȣ ș ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȈȔȐ ǴȍȑȍȘȓȐȕȋȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȉȘȖȠȍȕȣ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȊȣȧșȕȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ
Ƕȕ ȕȈȓȖȎȐȓ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȕțȦ ȗȍȘȍȊȧȏȒț ȕȈ ȘțȒȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȑ ȖȕȐ
ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȊȣȠȓȐ Ȑȏ ȔȈșȚȍȘșȒȖȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȧȧșȤ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȕȐȞț ȋȌȍ
Ȑȏ țșȚ ȅȌȐ Ȑ DzȓȈȊȣ țșȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȣȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȏ Ȗ ȕȍ-
șȟȈșȚȕȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ ș ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ
ǷȘȐȟȐȕ Ȍȓȧ ȚȘȍȊȖȋȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ
Ǫșȍ țșȐȓȐȧ ȔȍȌȐȞȐȕșȒȖȋȖ ȗȍȘșȖȕȈȓȈ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤ ǬțȕȉȍȦ
șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȚȡȍȚȕȣȔȐ ǪȘȈȟ ș ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț
ȎȌȈȓ șȔȍȘȚȐ
ȅȌȐ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍȊȔȍȕȧȍȔȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍ ȚȍȘȧȧ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȐȧ ȌțȝȈ ȏȈȕȧȓșȧ ȊȣȧșȕȍȕȐȍȔ
ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ ȒȈȒȐȔ ȗțȚȍȔ ȗȖȗȈȓ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȕȈ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒțȦ șȚȈȕ-
ȞȐȦ
ǭȋȖ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȍ țȋȖȊȖȘȣ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȑ DzȓȈȊȣ ȗȖȌȍȑșȚȊȖ-
ȊȈȓȐ ȕȈ ȅȌȐ Ȑ ȖȕȈ ȗȖșȚȍȗȍȕȕȖ ȊȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȉȍșșȊȧȏȕȖ ȏȈȚȍȔ

72
ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȐȔ Ȗ șȖȉȣȚȐȧȝ ȗȘȍȌȣȌțȡȍȋȖ
ȌȕȧȅȌȐ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȗȖȔȕȐȓȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ șȓȖȊȈ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ: «ȇ șȍȑ-
ȟȈș Ȏȍ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȘȈȏȣșȒȈȚȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȐȓȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐ ȋȘȖȏȐȚ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȈȧ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ǯȈȊȚȘȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȉțȌȍȚ ȏȈ ȗȘȍ-
ȌȍȓȈȔȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǵțȎȕȖ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȔȍȘȣ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ»
ǹȚȈȓȖ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ ȟȚȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȘȈȏȣșȒȐȊȈȧ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ Ȑ ǹȖ-
ȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȗȖȉȣȊȈȓ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȟȈșȚȧȝ Ȑ ȞȍȝȈȝ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ǵȈ ȥȓȍȒ-
ȚȘȐȟȍșȒȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȊȚȖȘȖȗȧȝ Ȗȕ ȏȈȌȍȓ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȈȚȖȟȕȣȑ ȊȈȓ Ȑ ȥȚȖ șȚȈȓȖ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȖȑ ȍȋȖ ȋȐȉȍȓȐ
ǺȍȗȍȘȤ Ȗȕ ȓȍȎȈȓ ȕȈ ȖȗȍȘȈȞȐȖȕȕȖȔ șȚȖȓȍ ȉȍȏ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȧ
Ȑ țȊȣ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȌȍȎȌȣ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ șȔȖȎȍȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȕȐ-
ȉțȌȤ șȖȖȉȡȐȚȤ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ȐȓȐ ȒȖȔț-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȌȘțȋȖȔț ȟȚȖ ȐȔȍȕ-
ȕȖ ȋȘȖȏȐȚ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȋȓțȉȖȒȖȔ ȘȈȏȌțȔȤȍ.
«ǯȈȊȚȘȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ ȉțȌȍȚ ȏȈ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȈȔȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ».
Ƕȕ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ șȍȒȘȍȚȕțȦ ȉȍșȍȌț ȒȖȚȖȘțȦ Ȗȕ Ȋȍȓ  ȧȕ-
ȊȈȘȧ ș ȗȘȍȌșȍȌȈȚȍȓȍȔ ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǹȖȔȔȍȘȖȔ ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț
șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȗȖȌșȓțȠȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȐȔ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ ȔȍȎȌț ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐ-
ȒȖȔ Ȑ ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ
Ƕȕ șȈȔ ȋȖȘȧȟȖ ȘȈȚȖȊȈȓ ȏȈ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȖȋȖ
ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘȈ Ƕȕ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȓ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȕȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȊȖșȝȖȌ-
șȚȊȖ ȕȈțȟȕȣȝ șȐȓ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȕȖ Ȑ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȍțȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȍȚ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ǰ ȋȌȍ Ȏȍ ȋȈȘȈȕȚȐȐ ȟȚȖ ǷȈȔȐȘ — ȍȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ ȔȍșȚȖ-
ȘȖȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ" ǿȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȖȉȕȈȘțȎȐȚ ȍȡȍ
ȋȌȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȕȖșȕȣȍ ȗȖȘȖȌȣ Ȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ ȊȖȊșȍ ȉțȌȍȚ
ȓȐȠȍȕȈ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȐȔȍȚȤ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ"!
ǵȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȖȕȕȣȑ ȌȖȋȖȊȖȘ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȏȈȒȓȦȟȐȚȤ
«ǬȈȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȉțȌȍȚ ȊȣȊȍȏȍȕ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț»
ǵȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȘȍȌȖȚȊȘȈȚȐȚȤ ȕȍșȟȈșȚȤȍ ȊȐ-
ȕȖȊȕȐȒȖȔ ȝȖȚȧ Ȑ ȒȖșȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȖȒȈȏȈȚȤșȧ Ȗȕ,
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ"
ǭȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ — Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȔȖȋ ȉȣ ȘȈȏȘȍ-
ȠȐȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȍȋȖ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȧ ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȐ șȔȍȘȚȐ Ȑ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȗȘȖ-
ȐȏȕȍșȚȐ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȘȖȉȣȓ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ ȗȖȌȘȧȌ ț ȗȖșȚȍȓȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ

73
ǵȈȗȘȈșȕȖ
ǹȖșȚȖȧȕȐȍ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȕȍ ȐȏȔȍȕȧȓȖșȤ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓșȧ ȍȡȍ ȖȒȖȓȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȕȐ-
Ȟț ȗȘȐȉȣȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ǵȈ ȓȐȞȍ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȞȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȖ ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ Ƕȕ ȊȕȐ-
ȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȘȈșșȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȓ ȊȘȈȟȈ Ȗ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ Ȑ ȊȣȘȈ-
ȏȐȓ șȖȎȈȓȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȕȍ șȔȖȎȍȚ țȍȝȈȚȤ ș ȕȐȔ ȊȔȍșȚȍ
Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȊȐȌȍȓ ȅȌȐ ț ȗȖșȚȍȓȐ ȉȖȓȤȕȖȋȖ ǵȖ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȍ
ȕȈȠȓȖșȤ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ șȓȖȊȈ Ȍȓȧ țȉȐȚȖȑ ȋȖȘȍȔ ȌȖȟȍȘȐ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȕȕȍ țȎȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȖȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ
ȖȟȐșȚȒț ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț ȧ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȗȖȓ-
ȚȖȘȈ ȟȈșȈ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȦ ȕȈ ȕȍȌȍȓȦ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȗȕ Ȓ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț — ǵȈȔ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ ȗȘȖȑȚȐ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈ-
ȚȖȘȐȦ Ȑ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ șȌȈȟț Ȑ ȗȘȐȍȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț șȚȖȐȓȖ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȝ țșȐȓȐȑ ȗȖȌȈȊȐȚȤ șȊȖȍ ȊȖȓ-
ȕȍȕȐȍ Ƕȕ ȔȖȓȟȈ ȗȖȒȓȖȕȐȓșȧ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ șȍȑȟȈș Ȗȕ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȕȕȖȔț ȊȘȍ-
ȔȍȕȐ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȕȖȔț ȖȒȖȓȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ Ȑ ȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒ țșȒȖȘȐȓ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȖ ȕȈ ȌȍȕȤ Ȗȕ ȓȐȠȍȕ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ
șȕȍșȚȐșȤ ș ǾǰDz ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț ȗȘȐȔȍȕȍȕȐȧ ȌȍȒȘȍȚȈ Ȗ ȘȍȊȖȓȦ-
ȞȐȖȕȕȖȑ ȞȍȓȍșȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȖșȚȐ Ȍȓȧ ȏȈȌȍȘȎȒȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ
ȅȌȐ ȗȖȌȈȊȓȍȕȕȈȧ ȋȖȘȍȔ ȖȚȖȘȊȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț ȊȏȋȓȧȌ ȖȚ
Ǭțȕȉȍȧ Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ Ȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț.
— ǷȈȗȈ — ȗȘȖȠȍȗȚȈȓȈ ȖȕȈ ȍȓȍ șȓȣȠȕȖ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȍș ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ Ƕȕ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȚȖ-
ȘȐȟȕȖ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț
— ǷȘȖȠț ȊȈș ȔȐșȚȍȘ — Ȑ ȊȣȠȍȓ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȊȣȕțȎȌȍȕ ȉȣȓ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ ȏȈ ȕȐȔ
ǻ ȉȖȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȖșȚȈȓȐșȤ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȅȌȐ Ȑ DzȓȈȊȈ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț Ȑ țȋȖȊȖȘȐȊ-
ȠȐșȤ ș ȊȘȈȟȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȒȈȎȌȖȍ șȓȖȊȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȍșȍȕȕȖȍ ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ
ȝȖȚȧ ȉȣ Ȋ ȉȍșșȖȏȕȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȔ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȉțȌȍȚ ȏȈȗȐșȈȕȖ șȕȖ-
ȊȈ țȠȓȐ
ǿȍȘȍȏ șȖȘȖȒ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȋ ȖȌȐȕȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ Ȍȕȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘ-
ȚȐȒ ȊȣȍȝȈȓ Ȑȏ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ
ǺȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȋȘȈȔȔ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȖȟțȚȐȓȐșȤ ȏȈ ȋȘȈȕȐȞȈȔȐ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐ

ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȘȖȞȍȌțȘȣ ȗȘȐȍȔȈ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȌȊȈȎ-
Ȍȣ ȗȖșȣȓȈȓ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓȈ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȕȐȞț șȗȘȈȊȓȧȚȤșȧ Ȗ șȖșȚȖȧ-
ȕȐȐ ȏȌȖȘȖȊȤȧ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕț ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȏȈȉȖȚȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȕȖșȧȚ șȒȖ-
Șȍȍ ȐȏȌȍȊȈȚȍȓȤșȒȐȑ ȕȍȎȍȓȐ ȌȖȉȘȖȎȍȓȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘ
ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȘȍȏȒȖ Ȗȕ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȥȚȖ ȚȖȋȌȈ ȒȖȋȌȈ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓ
ȊȖȏȊȘȈȚȐȊȠȐșȤ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȖ ȖȚȘȈȗȖȘȚȖȊȈȓ
— ǩȍȏ ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȐȑ
Ǩ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȒȐȊȕțȓ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ
«ǵȖ ȥȚȖ ȔȍȓȖȟȤ», — ȌțȔȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ
ǭȋȖ ȔțȟȐȓȈ ȌȘțȋȈȧ ȔȣșȓȤ ȅȚȈ ȔȣșȓȤ ȊȖȕȏȐȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȔȖȏȋ
Ȑ șȊȍȘȓȐȓȈ
«ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȋȘȖȏȐȚ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȍȑȠȈȧ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ǺȍȓȓȐȚ ȏȈ ȗȘȍ-
ȌȍȓȈȔȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ»
«ǹȒȖȘȍȍ șȒȖȘȍȍ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț», — ȘȍȠȐȓ Ȗȕ

75
XIX
ȀdzǹǹǶȀ ǰ «ǿǮǻǿȁǿǶ»
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȓ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȊȈȦ-
ȡȐȍ ȊȏȋȓȧȌȣ ȗȖȟȚȍȕȕȣȝ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȖȊ Ƕȕ ȕȍ ȘȈȏȢȧșȕȐȓ ȕȐ
ȖȌȕȐȔ șȓȖȊȖȔ șȊȖȍ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ ȐȌțȡȍȍ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȊȘȈȏȘȍȏ ș
ȗȍȘȊȖȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȣȔ ȗȓȈȕȖȔ șȒȖȘȍȑȠȍȋȖ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȈ șȚȈȟȒȐ
ǷȘȐȊȣȟȕȣȑ ȖȚȊȍȚ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȧ ȗȖ ȜȐȕȈȕșȖȊȖȑ ȟȈșȚȐ «ǭșȚȤ»
ȗȘȍȘȊȈȓ ȚȐȠȐȕț ȓȐȠȤ ȕȈ ȔȐȋ
ǴȖȓȟȈȕȐȍ șȕȖȊȈ ȓȍȋȓȖ ȚȧȋȖșȚȕȣȔ ȏȓȖȊȍȡȐȔ ȋȘțȏȖȔ ȕȈ
ȏȈȓǪȖȍȕȕȣȍ ȕȈșȚȖȘȖȎȐȓȐșȤ ǷȖȕȧȚȤ șȔȣșȓ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȉȣȓȖ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȚȘțȌȕȖ
ǪȖ ȊșȧȒȖȔ șȓțȟȈȍ, ȧșȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȗȘȈȏȌȕțȦȚ ȗȖȉȍȌț
ǭȡȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȓțȟȈȧ ȟȚȖȉȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ șȌȈȓșȧ ȉȍȏ ȖȎȍșȚȖ-
ȟȍȕȕȖȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ Ǩ ȏȌȍșȤ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȒȈȎȌȖȋȖ —
țșȚțȗȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȊȍȓȐȒȈ
«ǵȖ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȥȚȈ țșȚțȗȒȈ ȓȐȠȤ ȒȈȎțȡȈȧșȧ" ǴȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ ȖȕȈ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȣȔ ȕȖȊȣȔ ȝȖȌȖȔ ȘȈșȟȍȚȓȐ-
ȊȖȋȖ ȝȖȓȖȌȕȖȋȖ țȔȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ"»— ȘȈȏȔȣȠȓȧȓȐ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȣ
ǪȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȖȕȐ țȊȐȌȍȓȐ țȓȣȉȒț ȕȈ ȓȐȞȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ƕȕ Ȍȓȧ
ȟȍȋȖ-ȚȖ șȕȖȊȈ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȓ șȊȖȑ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ
— ǸȈȉȖȟȐȔ ȕȍ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȊȠȐȔșȧ Ȓ șȚȈȟȒȍ ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȖȒ
ȊȣȌȈȊȈȚȤ ȗȖȓȕȖșȚȤȦ
ǶȉȣȟȕȖȍ ȉȍȏȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȖȍ ȊȣȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ ȍȋȖ ȓȐȞȈ ȐȏȔȍȕȐ-
ȓȖșȤ ȌȖ ȕȍțȏȕȈȊȈȍȔȖșȚȐ ǫȓȈȏȈ ȉȓȍșȚȍȓȐ Ȑ Ȋșȧ șȋȖȘȉȓȍȕȕȈȧ
ȜȐȋțȘȈ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖ ȊȣȚȧȕțȓȈșȤ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌȊȖșȝȐȡȍȕȐȐ
ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȣȝ Ȑ ȊȈȎȕȣȝ ȊȍșȚȍȑ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȌȖșȚȈȊȧȚ ȍȔț ȉȍȏȋȘȈ-
ȕȐȟȕȖȍ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȍ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘȣ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈȒȖȕȍȞ. — ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȧ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȈȊȓȦ ȊȈȔ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȓțȟȠȍȋȖ ȌȘțȋȈ Ȑ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȈ ǪȔȍșȚȍ ș ȕȐȔ
Ȕȣ ȖȉșțȌȐȔ șȖȏȌȈȊȠȍȍșȧ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ șȒȓȈȌȣȊȈȍȚ-
șȧ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȘȐȧȚȕȍȍ ȟȍȔ Ȕȣ ȖȎȐȌȈȓȐ
ǹȗȖȒȖȑȕȣȑ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȓȈșȒȖȊȣȑ ȚȖȕ ȍȋȖ șȓȖȊ ȗȖȘȈȏȐȓ șȓț-
ȠȈȚȍȓȍȑ ȕȍ Ȕȍȕȍȍ ȟȍȔ ȍȋȖ ȌȍȚșȒȐ-ȊȖșȚȖȘȎȍȕȕȣȑ ȊȐȌ

76
«Ƕ ȒȈȒȖȔ ȌȘțȋȍ ȊȌȖȉȈȊȖȒ, ȍȡȍ “ȓțȟȠȍȔ” ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕ"»
ȅȚȖȚ ȕȍȔȖȑ ȊȖȗȘȖș ȊȐșȍȓ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊșȚȈȓ Ȑ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȧȔ
— ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș Ȕȣ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȐȔ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ — ȉȘȖșȐȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈ
ȝȖȌț țȎȍ ȖȉȣȟȕȣȔ ȉȍșȞȊȍȚȕȣȔ ȋȖȓȖșȖȔ
ǻȝȖȌ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȘȈȏȊȧȏȈȓ ȧȏȣȒȐ ȏȈșȍȌȈȊȠȐȔ
ǶșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐ ȉțȔȈȎȒț ȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕțȦ ȐȔ ȕȈ șȚȖȓȐȒȍ ǵȈ-
ȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȘȈȏȖȟȈȘȖȊȈȕȕȖ șȒȖȔȒȈȓ ȍȍ Ȑ ȉȘȖșȐȓ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ
ȖȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȈ ȠȐȜȘȖȔ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȐȕ ǩȥȓȓ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ șȖȝȘȈ-
ȕȐȓ ȕȍȊȖȏȔțȚȐȔȖȍ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȍ Ƕȕ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȓ
șȊȖȍȋȖ ȗȖȊȍȓȐȚȍȓȧ Ǭȓȧ ȕȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȧșȕȖ ȟȚȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȐȔȍȍȚ
Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȒȖȏȣȘȤ ǭȋȖ șȔțȡȈȓȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȖȌȕȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤ-
șȚȊȖ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ș ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȖȑ ȊȘțȟȍȕȕȖȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț Ȑ
Ȗȕ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓ ȐȏȊȍȡȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ Ȑȏ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț ȕȈȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȧȍȚșȧ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȍȚ ȖȉșȓȍȌȖ-
ȊȈȚȤ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐ-
ȒȈȝ Ȑ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȐȍ șȘȍȌșȚȊ șȖȉȘȈȕȕȣȝ Ȍȓȧ ȕȐȝ
Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
«ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȐȔȍȍȚ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ Ȋ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ"
ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȈȑȌȍȚșȧ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ șȖȋȓȈșȐȚșȧ
șȊȧȏȈȚȤșȧ ș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ"»
Ǫșȍ Ȏȍ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖȍ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȐȍ ȐȏȊȍȡȍȕȐȑ șȔțȡȈȓȖ
ȍȋȖǸȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȣ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȉȣȓȐ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ȗȖȓȕȖȔ ȘȈȏȋȈ-
Șȍ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȘȖȊȕȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȗȖșȓȍ ȐșȟȍȏȕȖȊȍȕȐȧ ȝȖȏȧȐȕȈ ȌȖȔȈ,
ȉȍșȠțȔȕȖ ȘȈșȒȘȣȓȐșȤ ȌȊȍ ȌȊȍȘȐ ȏȈȓȈ Ȑ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ȊȖ-
ȠȓȐ ȌȊȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȖȌȐȕ — Ȑȏ ȓȐȟȕȖȋȖ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ȊȚȖȘȖȑ — Ȑȏ ȗȘȐȍȔȕȖȑ
ȅȚȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ Ȑ ȗȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ Ǫșȍ ȊȏȖȘȣ ȉȣȓȐ țșȚȘȍȔ-
ȓȍȕȣ ȕȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǴȐȓȓȐȈȘȌȍȘ ȖȗțșȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȒȘȍșȓȖ ȖȉȊȍȓ țșȚȈȓȣȔ Ȋȏȋȓȧ-
ȌȖȔ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ǴȈȒ- DzȍȘȚȐȒȍ
— ȇ ș ȕȍȚȍȘȗȍȕȐȍȔ ȎȌț ȊȈȠȐȝ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȑ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȥȚȐȝ șȓȖȊ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ șȚȈȓ ȞȍȕȚȘȖȔ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ ȊșȍȋȖ ȏȈȓȈ

77
ǷȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȕȍȔȕȖȋȖ țȚȖȔȓȍȕȕȣȔ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȖȌȍȎ-
Ȍȍ șȊȖȍȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȋȖ ȉȍȏțșȓȖȊȕȖ ȕȍ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖȒȘȖȧ Ǫ
ȘțȒȈȝ Ȗȕ ȌȍȘȎȈȓ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ, ȕȍȊȏȘȈȟȕțȦ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕțȦ ȒȖȘȖ-
ȉȖȟȒț
ǩȥȓȓ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȧ ș ȒȍȔ ȐȔȍȍȚ ȌȍȓȖ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖȚ «ȚȐȗ»
— ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȚȖȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǹ țȌȐȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ Ȗȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ Ȑȏ țșȚ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȟȐș-
ȚȍȑȠȐȑ ȈȕȋȓȐȑșȒȐȑ ȧȏȣȒ ș ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȐȔ ȊȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕșȒȐȔ ȈȒ-
ȞȍȕȚȖȔ
«ǺȈȒ ȕȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ ȗȖ-ȈȕȋȓȐȑșȒȐ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ», — ȘȍȠȐȓ Ȗȕ
ǰ ȟȍȔ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȚȍȔ ȧșȕȍȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐ-
ȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȋȖȊȖȘȧȡȐȑ — ȟȐșȚȖȒȘȖȊȕȣȑ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕȍȞ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ, ȗȘȍȎȌȍ ȊșȍȋȖ, ȗȖȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȍȋȖ ȝȖȚȧ
ȉȣ ȒȘȈȚȒȖ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȐȘȖȊȈȓȐ Ȗ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ Ȋȍȡȍȑ
— DzȈȒȐȍ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȕțȎȕȣ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ"
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍȉȘȍȎȕȖ ȒȐȊȕțȓ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǩȥȓȓȈ Ȑ ȐȕȎȍȕȍȘ
ȌȈȓ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȍ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ
ǫȓȈȊȕȣȔ ȗȘȍȌȔȍȚȖȔ ȐȏȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȉȣȓȈ șȚȈȟȒȈ Ȑ ȖȚȟȈȧȕ-
ȕȖȍ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȋȖȘȕȧȒȖȊ Ȋ ǷȍȘț
— ǷȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓȐ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȐȚȤ șȒȓȈȌ ȊȏȘȣȊȟȈȚȣȝ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊ
ȕȈ ȒȖȗȧȝ ǰșȟȍȏȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ șȒȓȈȌȈ ș ȓȐȞȈ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȘȈȊȕȖȞȍȕȕȖ
șȓȖȔȓȍȕȐȦ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȍȕȐȧ ǸȈșșȟȐȚȈȚȤșȧ ș ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȔȐ ȗȖș-
ȓȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ șȖșȚȈȊȐȚ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȏȈȚȘțȌȕȍȕȐȑ — ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓ șȊȖȍ
șȓȖȊȖ ȌȖȉȓȍșȚȕȣȑ ȋȓȈȊȈ ȠȚȈȉȈ
— ǬȊțȝ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȧ ȗȖȓȈȋȈȦ ȉțȌȍȚ ȊȗȖȓ-
ȕȍ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ Ȍȓȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȌȍȓȈ — ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ș
ȖȚȊȍȚȖȔ țȎȍ ȗȘȧȔȖ Ȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȔȖȓȟȈ ȒȐȊȕțȓ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ ȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȘȖȕȐȓ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ
ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ
— ǭșȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȔȖȐ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ ȖȚȌȈȕȕȣȍ ȌȊȈ ȔȍșȧȞȈ
ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ ȐșȗȖȓȕȍȕȣ ȚȖ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȚȘȐ Ȍȕȧ Ȕȣ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȔ Ȓ
șȉȖȘȒȍ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ ȗȍȘȊȖȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ
ȅȚț ȟȈșȚȤ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȖȘȈ șȓȣȠȈȓ țȎȍ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȘȐȉȣȊ-
ȠȐȑ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȚȘȐ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȚȖȔț ȕȈȏȈȌ
Ƕȕ ȗȖȕȧȓ ȟȚȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȏȈȘȈȕȍȍ ȋȖȚȖ-
ȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȕȈȓȈȎȍȕȐȦ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ

ǪȖȗȘȖș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȏȈȌȈȕȕȣȑ ȗȍȘȊȖȔț șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȦ ȗȖȌȚȊȍȘ-
ȌȐȓ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȍȋȖ ȌȖȋȈȌȖȒ
— Ƕȉȍșȗȍȟȍȕ ȓȐ ȊșȍȔȐ ȕțȎȕȣȔȐ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȈȔȐ — șȣȘȤȍȔ
ȖȉȖȘțȌȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ Ȑ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ șȐȓȖȑ — ȕȖȊȣȑ șȚȍȒȓȖȌȍȓȈȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ ȏȈȊȖȌ Ȋ ǵȤȦȜȈțȕȌȓȍȕȌȍ"
— ǬȈ
— ȇ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ȊȣȍȌț ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌ — ȏȈȧȊȐȓ ǴȈȒ- DzȍȘȚȐȒ
— ǪȘȍȔȧ ȕȍ ȚȍȘȗȐȚ
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ ȍȡȍ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȡȈȕȐȍ — ȟȍ-
Șȍȏ ȌȊȈ Ȍȕȧ ȧ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȦ ȕȈȟȈȚȤ ȔȖȕȚȐȘȖȊȒț ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘ-
ȔȈȚȖȘȈ ǷȘȐ ȕȈȓȐȟȐȐ ȚȘȍȝ Țȣșȧȟ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȑ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦ-
ȡȍȋȖ ȒȊȈȓȐȜȐȞȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȍȘșȖȕȈȓȈ Ȕȣ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȌȍșȧȚȐ
Ȍȕȍȑ ȊȣșȚȘȖȐȔ ȌȊȈ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȈ
— ǷȘȖȜȍșșȖȘ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ — ȕȈȟȈȓ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
— ȗȖȔȕȐȚȍ Ȋșȍ ȥȚȖ — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȅȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
ȟȈșȚȤ ȚȖȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȑ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȉȣȚȤ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕ ǶȒȖȕ-
ȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȒȈ ȗȓȈȕȈ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȑ ȗȖșȓȍȌțȍȚ ȏȈȊȚȘȈ
ȏȌȍșȤ Ȏȍ Ȋ ȚȘȐ ȟȈșȈ Ȍȕȧ
— ȇ ȗȘȐȍȌț
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȖșȚȈȊȐȓ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȏȈȓ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ Ȑ ȗȖȉȍȎȈȓ
ȕȈ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȦ
Ƕȕ ȊȣȏȊȈȓ șȚȈȕȞȐȦ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ Ȑ Ȋ șȘȖȟȕȖȔ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ș ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȣȔ
— Ǫ ȒȈȒȖȔ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ DzȐș-
șȖȊȍȕ
— ǬȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȕȈȏȈȌ șȒȖȕȟȈȓșȧ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȝȖȌȧ Ȋ șȖȏ-
ȕȈȕȐȍ ǹȍȘȌȞȍ ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȓȖ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȓ ȕȈ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȖȚȊȍȚ Ƕȕ ȗȖȟȍȔț-ȚȖ
Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȕȈȌȍȧȓșȧ ȕȈ ȊȣȏȌȖȘȖȊȓȍȕȐȍ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ

79
XX
ǯǼǾȊǯǮ ǼǯǼǿȀǾȍdzȀǿȍ
ǬȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȧȊȐȓȈșȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȒșȚȈȚȐ Ȋ ǨȔȍ-
ȘȐȒț
ǸȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȗ ȊȣȌȈȟȍ ȗȖȓȕȖȋȖ șȘȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȏȈȘȈ-
ȉȖȚȒȈ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȕȕȖȍ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ șȖșȓțȎȐȓȖ ȐșȒȓȦȟȐ-
ȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȝȖȘȖȠțȦ șȓțȎȉț Ȍȓȧ ȈȋȐȚȈȞȐȐ ȈȋȍȕȚȈȔ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ
ǺȘțȌȈ
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȕȈ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȍ ȔȈȠȐȕȖșȚȘȖȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȗȘȐȧȚȐȑ ȋȌȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ȓțȟȠȍȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ șȕȖȊȈ șȚȈȓȐ ȖșțȎȌȈȚȤ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒț
ǹȚȖȑȒȖ ȌȍȘȎȈȓȐșȤ ȓȐȠȤ ȚȍȒșȚȐȓȤȡȐȒȐ ȋȖȘȕȧȒȐ Ȑ șȚȘȖȐ-
ȚȍȓȐ ǶȕȐ ȉȍȏȖȋȖȊȖȘȖȟȕȖ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȓȐ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ ȒȖȕȜȍ-
ȘȍȕȞȐȐ ȓȍȊȖȋȖ ȒȘȣȓȈ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǵȈ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȒȘțȗȕȣȝ ȜȈȉ-
ȘȐȒȈȝ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȍ
ǬȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ Ȑȏ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȗȖșȍȚȐȓȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȍ
ȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ǵȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȍ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȖȌȘȖȍ
ǹȚȈȟȍȟȕȣȑ ȒȖȔȐȚȍȚ ȗȘȐȕȧȊȠȐȑ ȕȈ șȍȉȧ ȗȖ ȍȌȐȕȖȌțȠȕȖ-
Ȕț ȘȍȠȍȕȐȦ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȊșȦ ȗȖȓȕȖȚț ȊȓȈșȚȐ Ȋ ȖȒȘțȋȍ țȚȊȍȘȎ-
ȌȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȍ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȍȕȖ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȔȐ ȗȘȖȌȖȊȖȓȤ-
șȚȊȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȗȘȐȗȈșȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȌȊȈ ȔȍșȧȞȈ
DzȘȈȚȒȐȑ ȌȖȒȓȈȌ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ ȕȈ ȖȉȡȍȔ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ
șȕȖȊȈ ȗȖȌȕȧȓ ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȍ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ǯȈȊȍȘȍȕȐȍ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ
ȍȍ ȗȖȌȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȧ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ ș ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȕȐȔȈ-
ȕȐȍȔ șȓȍȌȐȚ ȏȈ ȘȈȏȊȍȘȚȣȊȈȦȡȐȔȐșȧ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ șȖȉȣȚȐȧȔȐ
Ȑ Ȋ ȕțȎȕțȦ ȔȐȕțȚț ȖȒȈȎȍȚ ȗȖȔȖȡȤ ȉȘȈȚȤȧȔ ȗȖ ȒȓȈșșț țȒ-
ȘȍȗȐȓȖ țȎȍ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȖȍ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ — ȉȖȘȖȚȤșȧ ȌȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ ȌȖ ȗȖȓ-
ȕȖȑ ȗȖȉȍȌȣ
ǰȕȖȍ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȈȝ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȝ ȕȈ
ȘȧȌȍ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȗȖȌ ȊȓȐȧȕȐȍȔ ȉȦȘȖ-
ȒȘȈȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ ȗȈȘȚȐȐ Ȑ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ
ǷȖșȓȍ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȈȞȐȐ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ Ȗ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
Ȑ Ȗ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȐ șȖȓȐȌȈȘȕȖșȚȐ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȕȖȔ ǴǶǷǸ ȕȈ
ȥȚȐȝ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȈȝ ȖȉȣȟȕȖ ȊȣșȚțȗȈȓȐ ȗȘȐșȧȎȕȣȍ ȖȘȈȚȖȘȣ Ǽȍ-
ȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ǴȍșȚȈȔȐ ȌȈȎȍ țșȚȘȈȐȊȈȓȈșȤ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȈȧ Ȗȉ-

80
șȚȘțȒȞȐȧ
ǸȍȟȈȔ ȗȘȖȜȟȐȕȖȊȕȐȒȖȊ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ ǶȕȐ ȟȘȍȏȊȣ-
ȟȈȑȕȖ ȓȖȊȒȖ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȐșȤ ȚȍȔ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȓȐ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ Ȗ
ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔ Ȑ ȗȖȓȐȚȐȟȍșȒȖȔ șȚȘȖȍ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǶșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȐȏȓȦȉȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȈȘȋțȔȍȕȚȖȔ Ȑȝ ȉȣȓȖ — «ȋȖșȒȈ-
ȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔ».
— ǸȈȏȊȍ — ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓȐ ȖȕȐ — Ȕȣ ȖȚȘȐȞȈȍȔ șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏȔ"
ǵȍȚ Ǵȣ șȚȘȍȔȐȔșȧ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ Ȓ șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏȔț ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ
ȔȐȘȈ ǵȖ Ȕȣ ȏȕȈȍȔ Ȑ ȏȈȧȊȓȧȍȔ ȟȚȖ ȗȍȘȍȝȖȌ Ȓ șȖȞȐȈȓȐșȚȐ-
ȟȍșȒȖȔț șȚȘȖȦ ȗȘȖȐȏȖȑȌȍȚ ȗȖșȚȍȗȍȕȕȖ ȗȖ ȔȍȘȍ ȘȖșȚȈ șȐȓ
Ȑ ȒțȓȤȚțȘȕȖȋȖ țȘȖȊȕȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȒȓȈșșȈ Ǵȣ ȊȐȌȐȔ ȕȈ ȗȘȐ-
ȔȍȘȈȝ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȠȐ ȗȘȐȍȔȓȍȔȣȍ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȕȐȧ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖ-
ȘȧȦȚșȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȖȌȈȚȍȓȧȔȐ Ǫ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȉȍȏțȔȕȣȝ șȚȈȟȒȈȝ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȖ-
ȐșȝȖȌȧȡȐȍ șȍȑȟȈș ȗȖȌȚȈȟȐȊȈȦȡȐȝ șȐȓȣ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȖȘȋȈȕȐ-
ȏȈȞȐȑ Ȕȣ ȕȍ ȕțȎȌȈȍȔșȧ Ȑ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ ȓțȟȠȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȍșȓȐ Ȍȍ-
ȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ Ȑȏ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȊȔȍșȚȖ ȊȖșȝȊȈȓȍȕȐȧ ȥȚȖȑ șȚȈȟȒȐ ȘȈș-
șȒȈȎȍȚ ȕȈȔ ȒȈȒȈȧ ȘȈȏȕȐȞȈ ȔȍȎȌț ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȔȐ ǨȔȍȘȐ-
ȒȐ Ȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
— ǸȈȏȊȍ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓȐ ȖȕȐ — Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏȔ" DzȚȖ
ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȝȖȏȧȐȕȖȔ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ" ǫȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȖ
Ǩ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ț ȕȐȝ ȚȈȒȐȍ Ȏȍ ȕȈȑȔȐȚȣ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ț ȕȈș Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ
ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ȚȈȔ ȕȍ șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏȔ Ȉ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔ
ǷȖȔȕȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ ȈȋȐȚȈȚȖȘȣ Ȑȏ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȖȝȖȚȕȖ șȔȍ-
ȠȐȊȈȦȚ ȗȖȕȧȚȐȧ «ȋȖșȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔ» Ȑ «șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏȔ».
ǬȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ șȚȖȓȒȕțȚȤșȧ ș ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȘȖȌȈ ȏȈȧȊȓȍ-
ȕȐȧȔȐ ȕȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȈȝ
ǰ ȟȍȔ ȖșȚȘȍȍ șȚȈȊȐȓȐ ȈȋȍȕȚȣ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ȊȖȗȘȖș Ȗ ȋȖș-
ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔȍ ȚȍȔ Ȋȍșȍȓȍȍ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȐșȤ ȟȓȍȕȣ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȐ
ǪȍȌȤ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȕȖȑ ȏȈȌȈȟȐ ȒȈȒ ȕȈ ȖșȕȖ-
ȊȈȕȐȐ ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȗȘȐȔȍȘȖȊ Ȑȏ ȎȐȏȕȐ Ȑ ȉȣȚȈ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝ-
șȧ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȖȗȘȖȊȍȘȋȕțȚȤ ȥȚȐ ȓȎȐȊȣȍ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȐȧ
Ǭȓȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ ȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȈȊȚȖȘȐȚȍȚ-
ȕȣȔȐ Ȑ Ȍȓȧ ȟȓȍȕȖȊ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȈȔȐ — ȖȜȐ-
ȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȉȦȓȓȍȚȍȕȧȔȐ ȔȐȕȐșȚȍȘșȚȊȈ ȐȕȖșȚȘȈȕȕȣȝ Ȍȍȓ
ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ Ȋ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȐȔȍ-

81
ȓȈșȤ ȐșȟȍȘȗȣȊȈȦȡȈȧ ȐȕȜȖȘȔȈȞȐȧ Ȗ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕȕȖȔ șȚȘȖȍ
Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǶȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ șȐȓȣ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈ ȗȘȖȐȏ-
ȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȊȒȓȦȟȈȧ Ȑ șȍȓȤșȒȖȍ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȖ ȖȉȖȉȡȍ-
șȚȊȓȍȕȣ ȕȈ ȊȖșȍȔȤȌȍșȧȚ șȍȔȤ Ȑ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȌȍșȧȚȣȝ ȗȘȖȞȍȕȚȈ Ǫ
ȉȈȏȍ șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏȔȈ Ȋ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȑ
ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓ ȖȉȖȉȡȍșȚȊȓȍȕ ȕȈ ȌȍȊȧȕȖșȚȖ ȚȘȐ Ȑ șȍȔȤ ȌȍșȧȚȣȝ
ȗȘȖȞȍȕȚȈ Ǫ ȚȘȈȕșȗȖȘȚȍ Ȏȍ Ȑ ȒȘțȗȕȖȑ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖșȚȐ
ȖșȕȖȊȕȖȑ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓ ȖȉȖȉȡȍșȚȊȓȍȕ ȕȈ ȌȍȊȧȕȖșȚȖ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ Ȟȍ-
ȓȣȝ Ȑ ȌȍȊȧȚȤșȖȚ ȌȍȊȧȕȖșȚȖ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ Țȣșȧȟȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȞȍȕȚȈ
ǿȚȖ Ȏȍ ȒȈșȈȓȖșȤ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖȗȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȈ ȘȈȉȖ-
ȟȍȔț ȒȓȈșșț ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧȝ ȚȖ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȐ ȕȍ șȚȖȐȓȖ ȖșȖ-
ȉȣȝ ȚȘțȌȖȊ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȖ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ
ȓȐȠȤ ȊȣȘȈȎȍȕȐȍȔ ȌȐȒȚȈȚțȘȣ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚȈ ǷȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ — ȗȖȓȕȖȊȓȈșȚȕȣȑ ȝȖȏȧȐȕ șȚȘȈȕȣ Ƕȕ ȗȖșȚȘȖȐȓ ȋȖ-
șțȌȈȘșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȕȧȍȚ șȖȉȖȑ ȘȈ-
ȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȒȓȈșșȈ Ȉ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȐșȗȖȓȕȐȚȍȓȍȔ ȍȋȖ ȊȖȓȐ
ǰ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȊȈȓȖșȤ Ȑ ȚȍȕȐ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȧ Ȍȍȓȍ-
ȋȈȚȣ ȗȘȐȊȍȓȐ ȖȌȕț ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȞȐȚȈȚț Ȑȏ ȚȘțȌȖȊ ȉȍșșȔȍȘȚ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȎȌȧ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ — Ǫ ǰ dzȍȕȐȕȈ — ȗȖ ȗȖȊȖȌț șțȡ-
ȕȖșȚȐ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔȈ
ǫȖșȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐȏȔ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ Ȗ Ȍ ȕ Ȗ ȑ Ȑȏ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ
ȜȖȘȔ șțȡȍșȚȊțȦȡȐȝ Ȋ ȕȈȠȍȑ șȚȘȈȕȍ Ȋ ȊȐȌȍ ȟȈșȚȕȖȋȖ ȒȈ-
ȗȐȚȈȓȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȍȋȖșȧ ȗȖȌ ȘȍȋțȓȐȘțȦȡȐȔ ȊȖȏȌȍȑșȚȊȐȍȔ
șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȈ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ — ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȋȖș-
ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȍ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȣ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ — șȖșȚȈȊ-
ȓȧȦȚ ȓȐȠȤ ȖȌȕț ȚȣșȧȟȕțȦ ȌȖȓȦ ȗȘȖȞȍȕȚȈ Ȋșȍȑ ȒȘțȗȕȖȑ
ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖșȚȐ șȚȘȈȕȣ ȚȖ Ȑ șȈȔȣȍ ȏȈȧȌȓȣȍ ȈȋȍȕȚȣ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȈ ȕȍ ȗȖșȔȍȓȐ ȖȚȘȐȞȈȚȤ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȋȖ ȗȍȘȍȊȍșȈ șȖȞȐȈȓȐșȚȐ-
ȟȍșȒȐȝ ȥȓȍȔȍȕȚȖȊ Ȋ ȕȈȘȖȌȕȖȔ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȍ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȑ ȗȘȍȐȔț-
ȡȍșȚȊȈ ȔȍȚȖȌȖȊ ȉȖȘȤȉȣ DzȘȈșȕȖȋȖ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ ȏȈ șȖȞȐȈ-
ȓȐȏȔ
DzȘȈȗȓȍȕȣȍ ȒȈȘȚȣ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȉȐȚȣ
Ǫșȍ ȏȈȊȖȌȣ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒȐ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȝ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȖȉȣȊȈȓȈ șȖ-
ȊȍȚșȒȈȧ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ ȗȍȘȍȠȓȐ Ȋ ȓȈȋȍȘȤ ȈȒȚȐȊȕȖ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ

ǵȈ ȏȕȈȔȍȕȈȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȐșȤ ȕȍȌȊțșȔȣșȓȍȕȕȣȍ Șȍ-
ȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȓȖȏțȕȋȐ ȍȌȐȕȖȋȖ ȜȘȖȕȚȈ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȍȊ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȘȈȕ.
ǵȍȔȈȓȖ șȗȖșȖȉșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖ țșȗȍȝț ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȖȟȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧ
Ȑ ȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȈȝ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȊșȒȘȣȚȤ șțȡ-
ȕȖșȚȤ ȋȕțșȕȖȑ ȗȖȓȐȚȐȒȐ «ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ» ȗȈȘȚȐȐ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ Ȑ Ǽȍ-
ȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ
ǾȐȜȘȣ ȊȏȧȚȣȍ Ȑȏ ȖȜȐȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȉȦȓȓȍȚȍȕȍȑ ȔȐȕȐșȚȍȘ-
șȚȊȈ ȚȘțȌȈ ǹǨǹȀ Ȑ ȖȚȟȍȚȖȊ ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȉȍșșȗȖȘȕȖ
ȗȖȌȚȊȍȘȌȐȓȐ ȕȍțȒȓȖȕȕȖȍ șȕȐȎȍȕȐȍ țȘȖȊȕȧ ȜȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ
ȏȈȘȈȉȖȚȕȖȑ ȗȓȈȚȣ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȋ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȖȔ ȞȈȘșȚȊȍ ǷȘȍȎ-
Ȍȍ șțȡȍșȚȊȖȊȈȊȠȍȍ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȑ
ȈȘȐșȚȖȒȘȈȚȐȐ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȕȕȖȍ ȕȈ ȉȍșȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȕȖȑ ȥȒșȗȓțȈȚȈȞȐȐ
Ȑ țȋȕȍȚȍȕȐȐ ȒȖȓȖȕȐȈȓȤȕȣȝ ȕȈȘȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȕȍȒȊȈȓȐȜȐȞȐȘȖȊȈȕ-
ȕȣȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȐșȟȍȏȓȖ ȕȈȊșȍȋȌȈ ǻșȚțȗȖȟȒȐ ȊȣȘȊȈȕȕȣȍ Ȋ Șȍ-
ȏțȓȤȚȈȚȍ ȘȍȜȖȘȔ ȌȈȘȖȊȈȕȕȣȝ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȖȔ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȖ șțȡȍșȚ-
Ȋț ȓȐȠȤ ȠȐȘȔȖȑ Ȍȓȧ Ȋșȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ Ȑ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȊȖȏȘȈșȚȈȦȡȍȑ
ȥȒșȗȓțȈȚȈȞȐȐ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ǶȕȐ șȖȗȘȖȊȖȎȌȈȓȐșȤ țȓțȟȠȍ-
ȕȐȍȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȒțȟȒȐ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȍȑ
ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ
ǼȈȒȚȣ — țȗȘȧȔȈȧ ȊȍȡȤ ǰ ȗȖȌ ȌȈȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȜȈȒȚȖȊ Ȋ ǨȔȍ-
ȘȐȒȍ ȊȣȘȖșȓȖ ȕȍȉȣȊȈȓȖȍ ȗȖ șȊȖȍȔț ȏȈȝȊȈȚț ȘȈȉȖȟȍȍ ȌȊȐȎȍ-
ȕȐȍ ȈȊȋțșȚȈ Ȓ șȚȈȟȒȍ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓșȧ ȕȖȊȣȑ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȘȈȉȖȟȍ-
ȋȖ ȒȓȈșșȈ — ȗȖȓȚȖȘȈ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȈ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ǪȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈȝ Ȑ ȒȘțȗȕȣȝ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȞȍȕȚȘȈȝ ȋȌȍ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȕȣ șȖȊȍȚȣ ȘȈȉȖ-
ȟȐȝ ȌȍȗțȚȈȚȖȊ
ǹȐȕȒȓȐȚ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȏȈșȍȌȈȓ, șȓȖȊȕȖ ȕȈ ȘȖȒȖȟț-
ȡȍȔ ȊțȓȒȈȕȍ

83
XXI
ǿǻǼǰǮ ǻdzȁDzǮȅǮ
ǹȊȍȚȓȖȍ ȗȧȚȕȖ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȋȖ ȏȈȓȈ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍ-
ȕȐ Ǩ ǰ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȉȍșȗȍȘȍȉȖȑȕȖ șȕȈȉȎȈȓȖ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ șȊȍȌȍ-
ȕȐȧȔȐ Ȗ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ șȖȊȐȕȖȋȖ ȋȕȍȏȌȈ ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȈ — ȊȐȓȓȣ «ǹȈȕ-
șțșȐ».
ǴȣșȓȤ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ Ȗ ȏȈȊȖȍȊȈȕȐȐ ȔȐȘȈ ȏȈșȍȓȈ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ
Ȋ ȔȖȏȋ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȗȖȘȖȑ ȟțȌȖȊȐȡ-
ȕȣȍ ȜȖȘȔȣ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȈșȓȈȎȌȈȓșȧ ȒȘȈșȖȟȕȣȔȐ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈȔȐ ȕȍ-
șȔȍȚȕȣȝ ȉȖȋȈȚșȚȊ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȘȐșȖȊȈȓȈ ȍȔț ȘȈȏȋȖȘȧȟȍȕȕȈȧ ȜȈȕ-
ȚȈȏȐȧ Ƕȕ țȎȍ ȏȈȘȈȕȍȍ ȘȈșȗȘȍȌȍȓȧȓ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȟȈșȚȐ ȔȐȘȈ
ȗȖ ȌȖȝȖȌȕȖșȚȐ ȕȈ ȓțȟȠȐȍ Ȑ ȝțȌȠȐȍ
ǵȈ ȗȍȘȊȖȔ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ ȗȖșȊȧȡȍȕȕȖȔ ȐșȗȣȚȈȕȐȦ ȒȍȘȚȐ-
ȒȐȚȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ ȊȍȘȐȓ șȊȖȐȔ ȋȓȈȏȈȔ
ǺȖȕȟȈȑȠȐȍ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒȐ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȓȐ ȕȍȖȋȘȈ-
ȕȐȟȍȕȕȖȍ ȌȈȊȓȍȕȐȍ ǶȕȐ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖșȚȖȧȓȐ ȖȋȕȦ Ȑ ȕȍ
ȗȖȌȌȈȊȈȓȐșȤ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȦ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ șȐȓȤȕȣȝ ȒȐșȓȖȚ Ȑ ȋȈȏȖȊ
Ǫ ȚȖ Ȏȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖȓȤȏțȧșȤ ȖșȖȉȣȔȐ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȣ-
ȔȐ ȐȕșȚȘțȔȍȕȚȈȔȐ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȑ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȍ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ
ȗȘȐȌȈȚȤ ȓȦȉțȦ ȜȖȘȔț ȓȦȉțȦ ȚȖȓȡȐȕț Ȑ ȓȦȉȖȑ ȊȕȍȠȕȐȑ
ȊȐȌǫȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȣ ȗȖȖȟȍȘȍȌȕȖ ȓȤșȚȐȓȐ Ȑ ȐȏȊȍȘȋȈȓȐ ȗȖȚȖȒȐ
ȝȊȈȓȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȊȣȏȊȈȊȠȍȔț ȗȖ Ȑȝ șȓȖȊȈȔ ȗȖȓȕȣȑ
ȗȍȘȍȊȖȘȖȚ Ȋ ȊȖȍȕȕȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓȍȌȐȓ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍȔ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ǭȋȖ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȓȐ ȖȗȣȚȣ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐ-
Ȕȣȍ ȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȖȔ ȌȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ
DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȌȈȊȈȓșȧ ȕȐ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȤȕȖȔț ȕȐ ȗȖȗȍȘȍȟ-
ȕȖȔț ȕȐ ȒȖșȖȔț ȌȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ ǵȍ ȌȈȊȈȓȐ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȋȖ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȈ
Ȑ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ ȞȐȓȐȕȌȘȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȌȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ
Ǭȓȧ ȉȖȓȤȠȍȑ ȊȍȘȕȖșȚȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȚȤ Ȋșȍ
ȖȗȣȚȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȚțȚ Ȏȍ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ
DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌșȚȊȈ ȗȖ ȊșȍȔ ȌȈȕȕȣȔ ȕȐ-
șȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ țșȚțȗȈȓ ȗȖ șȊȖȐȔ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȈȔ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚț ȊȣȘȈȉȖ-

84
ȚȈȕȕȖȔț Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ
ǹȓțȟȈȑȕȖ Ȗȕ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ ȕȈ șȖȉșȚȊȍȕȕȣȝ ȘțȒȈȝ,
ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȍȡȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȉȐȕȚȖȊȈȕȣ Ƕȕ ȏȈȌțȔȈȓșȧ ǹȖ ȊȘȍȔȍ-
ȕȐ ȕȍșȟȈșȚȕȖȋȖ șȓțȟȈȧ ș ǬțȕȉȍȍȔ Ȗȕ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȓ ȕȐ ȔȐ-
ȕțȚȣ șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȏȈȕȧȚȤșȧ șȖȉȖȑ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ
ȞȍȓȐȒȖȔ ȗȖȋȓȖȡȍȕ ȗȘȍȌțȋȈȌȣȊȈȕȐȍȔ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȎȌȍȕȐȍȔ
ȔȖȋțȡȐȝ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ șȖȉȣȚȐȑ
ǵȍȔȈȓȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȖȚȕȧȓȐ Ȑ ȏȈȉȖȚȣ Ȗȉ ȅȌȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȉȣȓȈ
ȗȖȚȘȧșȍȕȈ ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȐȔ ǰ ȊȣȝȖȌȐȓȖ ȚȈȒ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍ
ȏȈȔȍȟȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȕȍȕ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ șȊȖȐ ȘțȒȐ Ƕȕ
ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ ȘȈȕȍȕȐȧ ǭȔț ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ
ȗȖȗȈȓ Ȋ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ ȚțȗȐȒ Ȑȏ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȕȈȑȚȐ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ
«ǹ ȖȌȕȖȑ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȖȗȣȚȣ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȍ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ
ȋȖȊȖȘȧȚ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ ȖȉȓȈȌȈȍȚ ȕȍȖȋȘȈȕȐȟȍȕȕȖȑ șȖ-
ȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȧȍȔȖșȚȤȦ ǹ ȌȘțȋȖȑ — ȘȈȕȣ ȕȈ ȘțȒȈȝ șȊȐȌȍȚȍȓȤșȚ-
ȊțȦȚ ȟȚȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȍ ȗȓȈșȚȐȕȒȐ ȗȘȐ ȏȈȎȐȔȍ ȓȖȗȕțȓȐ
ǵȈȌȖ ȘȈȏȖȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ȅȚȖ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȓȦȉȖȗȣȚȕȖ Ȑ ȗȖȎȈȓțȑ ȕȍ
Ȕȍȕȍȍ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖ ȟȍȔ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȣ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ»
ǸȍȏȒȐȑ ȚȘȍșȒ Ȑ ȖȎȐȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ȋȖȊȖȘ ȐșȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȍ ȖȚ șȊȍ-
ȚȖȊȖȋȖ ȗȧȚȕȈ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȗȘȐȒȖȊȈȓȐ șȕȖȊȈ ȍȋȖ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ Ȓ șȖ-
ȊȍȡȈȕȐȦ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȐȘȖȊȈȓ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠțȦ ȉȖȔȉț ș ȒȍȘȚȐ-
ȒȐȚȖȊȖȑ ȖȉȖȓȖȟȒȖȑ
DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȈȧ ȖȉȖȓȖȟȒȈ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ȞȍȓȈ Ȑ ȗȖșȓȍ ȊȏȘȣȊȈ
ȕȖ ȏȈȚȖ ȘȈȏȘțȠȈȦȡȈȧ șȐȓȈ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȐȚȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȔ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈ-
ȟȐȕȍȕȈ ȉȖȔȉȈ țȊȍȓȐȟȐȓȈșȤ ȗȖ ȒȘȈȑȕȍȑ ȔȍȘȍ ȊȟȍȚȊȍȘȖ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ
ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȒȖȘȗțșȈ ȐȕȎȍȕȍȘȖȊ ȘȈȏȢȧșȕȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȥȚȖ — șȓȍȌ-
șȚȊȐȍ țșȐȓȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȈȓȖșȤ ȊȕțȚȘȐ
ȖȉȖȓȖȟȒȐ Ȋ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȊȏȘȣȊȈ
ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȘȍȠȐȓȖ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȕȐȧ șȉȖȘȒȐ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ șȈ-
ȔȖȓȍȚȈ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ —  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ — ȕȈȟȈȚȤ ȉȖȔȉȈȘȌȐȘȖȊȒț
ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȖȋȖ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈ
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ șȖșȚȖȧȓȖșȤ ȊȚȖȘȖȍ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȗȘȐ țȟȈșȚȐȐ ǴȈȒ-
DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ

85
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȐȊȍȏ ș șȖȉȖȑ ȕȈ ȥȚȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȕȍȉȖȓȤ-
ȠȖȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ șȚȘȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȐȌȈ ǼțȕȌȈȔȍȕȚ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ șȖșȚȖȧȓ
Ȑȏ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȗȖȓțȠȈȘȐȧ ȕȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȔ ȉȣȓȐ ȘȈșȗȖ-
ȓȖȎȍȕȣ ȚȘȐ ȈȓȦȔȐȕȐȍȊȣȍ ȗȐȘȈȔȐȌȒȐ ǪȣșȠȐȍ ȚȖȟȒȐ ȗȐ-
ȘȈȔȐȌȖȒ ȉȣȓȐ șȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȣ ȔȍȎȌț șȖȉȖȑ șȍȚȤȦ ȚȖȕȟȈȑȠȐȝ
ȗȘȖȊȖȓȖȟȍȒ Dz ȒȈȎȌȖȑ ȗȐȘȈȔȐȌȒȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȣ ȗȖ
ȌȊȍ ȚȘțȉȣ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȦȡȐȍ șȖȉȖȑ ȏȊțȒȖțșȐȓȐȚȍȓȤ ȋȘȖȔȒȖ-
ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȍȓȧ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȕȍ ȚȍȘȧȓ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ Ȑ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȐȓ Ȓ
ȖȉȢȧșȕȍȕȐȦ șțȡȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȕȈȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȒȖȚȖ-
Șȣȑ Ȗȕ ȕȈȏȊȈȓ «ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȖȔ».
— ȇ șȟȐȚȈȦ ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ ȞȍȓȍșȖȖȉȘȈȏȕȣȔ ȖȏȕȈȒȖȔȐȚȤ ȊȈș
— ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗȕ — ș ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȖȔ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȔȍȘȕȖȑ
ȗȘȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
ǷȘȐ ȥȚȖȔ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ Ȋȏȧȓșȧ ȏȈ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȘȣȟȈȎȖȒ
țșȚȘȖȍȕȕȣȑ ț ȖșȕȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓ ȍȋȖ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓȍȌȐȓȐ ȏȈ ȊșȍȔȐ ȌȊȐ-
ȎȍȕȐȧȔȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ
ǴȖȔȍȕȚ ȗȖȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȘȣȟȈȎȒȈ ȏȈȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȓșȧ ȕȈ ȥȒȘȈ-
ȕȍ ș ȗȖȘȈȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȟȍȚȒȖșȚȤȦ
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ Ȋ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ Ȏȍ ȔȐȋ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ș ȕȍ-
ȌȖțȔȍȕȐȍȔ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ Ȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊț ȏȈ ȘȈȏȢȧșȕȍȕȐȧȔȐ
ǹȊȍȚȓȖȍ ȗȧȚȕȖ ȕȍȗȘȍȘȣȊȕȖ ȚȈȒ ȉȍȏțȒȖȘȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ șȊȧȏȣ-
ȊȈȊȠȍȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȐȑ ȏȈȓ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ș ȊȐȓȓȖȑ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» Ȋȕȍ-
ȏȈȗȕȖ ȐșȟȍȏȓȖ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕ
ǪȏȊȖȓȕȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȘȖșȐȓșȧ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ș ȕȐȔ Ȓ ȗȍ-
ȘȍȌȈȚȖȟȕȖȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚțȘȍ
ǵȖ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ șȖȝȘȈȕȧȊȠȐȑ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȍ
ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȊșȚȘȍȊȖȎȐȓșȧ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȗȖșȓȍ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȘȖȊȍȘ-
ȒȐ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȚșȧ Ȋ ȗȖȓȕȖȑ ȐșȗȘȈȊ-
ȕȖșȚȐ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȊȒȓȦȟȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȉț ȌȘțȋțȦ ȔȍșȚ-
ȕȖșȚȤ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȊȍȓ ȘȍȋțȓȧȚȖȘ ȕȈ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȉȓȐȏ-
ȒȖȍ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ

ǵȈ șȚȍȕȍ ș ȔȖȓȕȐȍȕȖșȕȖȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖȚȖȑ Ȋșȗȣȝȕțȓ șȊȍȚȓȣȑ
ȒȘțȋ Ȑ Ȋ ȕȍȔ ȐȏțȔȓȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȏȖȘȈȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȦȡȐȝ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȈȊȐȓȈșȤ ȏȕȈȒȖȔȈȧ ȒȈȘȚȐȕȈ ȗȐȘȍȕȍȑșȒȖȋȖ ȓȈȕȌȠȈȜȚȈ
— ǨȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ ȉȍȏțȒȖȘȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ — ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȕȖ ȊȏȌȖȝ-
ȕțȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
— ǺȍȔ ȝțȎȍ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș — ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ǷȍȘȍȌȈȟȈ
ȕȈȘțȠȍȕȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȦ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ
— ǻȊȣ ȅȚȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȌȓȍȎȐȚ șȖȔȕȍȕȐȦ
ǷȍȘȍȊȖȌ ȘȍȋțȓȧȚȖȘȈ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȎȕȍȍ șȖȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊțȦȡȍȍ «ǹȈȕ-
șțșȐ» ȔȍșȚȖ ȕȍ ȌȈȓ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ ȥȜȜȍȒȚȈ
ȅȒȘȈȕ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȋ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȈ ȘȣȟȈȋȈ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ȏȐȧȓ
ȏȓȖȊȍȡȍȑ ȚȍȔȕȖȚȖȑ Ȑ ȖȉȊȖȓȈȒȐȊȈȓ ȋȕȍȚțȡȍȑ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕȕȖ-
șȚȤȦ ȚȘȍȊȖȎȕȣȑ ȓȍȚ Ȕȣșȓȍȑ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ țȟȍȕȣȝ
— ǹȕȖȊȈ ȕȍțȌȈȟȈ — ȊȣȘȊȈȓșȧ ȒȘȐȒ Ȑȏ țșȚ ȖȚȟȈȧȊȠȍȋȖșȧ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
Ƕȕ ȒȈȒ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ Ȋ ȥȚȖȚ ȔȐȋ ȜȐȏȐȟȍșȒȐ ȖșȧȏȈȓ ȞȍȗȒȐȍ
ȓȈȗȣ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȑ ȌȈȊȧȡȍȑ ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ȏȈ șțȌȤȉț ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐǪ ȋȖȓȖȊȍ șȊȍȘȓȐȓȖ ȊȓȈșȚȕȖ ȘȖșȓȖ Ȑ ȊȒȓȐȕȐȊȈȓȖșȤ Ȋ șȖȏ-
ȕȈȕȐȍ Ȋșȍ ȏȈȚȍȔȕȧȦȡȍȍ ȉȍșȗȖȔȖȡȕȖȍ ȖȞȍȗȍȕȍȕȐȍ
«ǵȍȌȖȖȞȍȕȐȓ»
ǷȍȘȍȌ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȔȣșȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȕȍșȓȈșȤ Ȋșȧ ȍȋȖ
ȎȐȏȕȤ ǩȖȘȤȉȈ ȏȈ ȒȖȔȔțȕȐȏȔ ǯȈ șȊȍȚȓȖȍ ȉțȌțȡȍȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍ-
ȟȍșȚȊȈ ǩȖȘȤȉȈ ȗȖȉȍȌȣ Ȉ ȗȖȚȖȔ ȉȍȏȏȊțȟȕȈȧ ȝȐȡȕȈȧ ȋȘȐ-
ȔȈșȈ — țșȔȍȠȒȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȋȖȚȖȊȧȡȍȋȖșȧ ȗȖȚȖȗȐȚȤ Ȋ ȒȘȖȊȐ
ȚȊȖȘȟȍșȒțȦ șȚȘȖȑȒț
— ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ"!
— ǩȣȚȤ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ
— ǵȍȚ Ǵȣ ȉțȌȍȔ ȉȖȘȖȚȤșȧ ǰ Ȕȣ ȗȖȉȍȌȐȔ
ǺȍȔȕȖȚȈ țȋȕȍȚȈȓȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȊȒȓȦȟȐȚȤ șȊȍȚ
ǸȍȠȐȓȐ ȎȌȈȚȤ

87
XXII
ǰǼǷǻǮ ǻǮȅǮǹǮǿȊ
ǬȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ Ȑ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȔȐȕțȚ ș ȔȖ-
ȔȍȕȚȈ ȐșȟȍȏȕȖȊȍȕȐȧ șȊȍȚȓȖȋȖ ȗȧȚȕȈ șȖ șȚȍȕȣ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȌȖșȚ-
ȕȣȑ ȊȏȌȖȝ ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȐȧ ȚȘȍȝ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȝ țȟȍȕȣȝ ȗȘȐȊȍȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
ȗȖȧȊȐȊȠȍȍșȧ ȖȚȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȍ șȖȊȍȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȏȈȓȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ǶȗȣȚ Ȕȕȍ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ țȉȍȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ
ȅȚȐ șȓȖȊȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȍȘȊȣȔ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȒȖȔ ȊȖș-
șȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ șȊȧȏȐ
ǷȘȍȌȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȘȍȒȘȈ-
ȡȍȕȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȦ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ȗȖȌȚȊȍȘȌȐȓȖșȤ
Ǫ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȊȖȏȖȉȕȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȒȈȒ ȊȐȌ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓ ȘȣȟȈȎȖȒ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ȕȈ ȗȍȘȊȖȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȖȍ
ȔȍșȚȖ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȖȧșȕȧȓ
— ȅȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘ ȗȖȔȐȔȖ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȓțȟȐșȚȖȑ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȐȐ ȎȐȊȣȝ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȔȖȊ ȖȉȓȈȌȈȍȚ ȒȈȒ Ȋȣ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ țȉȍȌȐȓȐșȤ
ȍȡȍ ȖȌȕȐȔ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȊȈȎȕȣȔ ȒȈȟȍșȚȊȖȔ Ǩ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ
ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȔ
ȓțȟȈȔ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȐȚ ȚȈȒȐȍ ȒȖȓȍȉȈȕȐȧ ȥȜȐȘȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȘȍ-
ȗȧȚșȚȊțȦȚ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȦ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȊȖȓȕ ȅȚȐȔ
Ȑ ȖȉȢȧșȕȧȍȚșȧ ȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȟȚȖ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ șȖ șȗț-
șȒȖȔ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ț ȕȈș Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ȗȖȚțȝȓȖ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȚȊȖ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓțȠȈȓ ȖȉȢȧșȕȍȕȐȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐ-
ȒȈ Ƕȕ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȍș ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȕȖ șȓȖȊȖ:
— ȅȓȍȒȚȘȖȉȓȖȒȈȌȈ
— ǶȌȕȈȒȖ — ȊȣȘȊȈȓșȧ ȒȘȐȒ ț ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ — ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȈ
ȓȍȚț șȝȊȈȚȐȓ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȤ ȐșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȕȐȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ǭș-
ȓȐ Ȗȕ șțȔȍȍȚ ȓȐȠȐȚȤ ȕȈș ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ — ȋȖȓȖș
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȖșȍȒșȧ ȍȔț ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȒȖȕȟȈȚȤ șȊȖȦ ȔȣșȓȤ —
Ȕȣ ȗȖȋȐȉȓȐ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ Ƕȕ ȗȖ-ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔț ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȓȍȌȐȓ
ȏȈ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍȔ
ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ Ȑ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ țȎȍ ȘȈȏ-
ȊȐȊȈȓȐ ȗȓȈȕ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖȉȓȖȒȈȌȣ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ

88
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȏȈȊȍȘȐȓ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȉȓȐȎȈȑ-
ȠȐȝ ȗȧȚȐ-ȠȍșȚȐ Ȍȕȍȑ ȉțȌȍȚ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȖ ȍȡȍ ȗȧȚȤ ȥȕȍȘȋȖ-
ȜȖȘȖȊ
«ǹȖȉȣȚȐȧ ȘȈȏȊȖȘȈȟȐȊȈȦȚșȧ ș ȔȖȓȕȐȍȕȖșȕȖȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖȚȖȑ»,
— ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȍȏȕȈȌȍȎȕȖ ȖȗțșȒȈȧ ȘțȒȐ
ǷȖȟȚȐ ȈȗȈȚȐȟȕȖ ȌȖșȓțȠȈȓ Ȗȕ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ
Ȗ ȘȈȑȖȕȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ
ǸȈȑȖȕ ȘȈȏȘțȠȈȦȡȍȑ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Țȍȓ-
ȓȐȚȈ ȖȋȘȈȕȐȟȐȊȈȓșȧ ȌȍȊȧȚȤȦșȚȈȔȐ șȍȔȤȦȌȍșȧȚȤȦ șȈȕȚȐȔȍȚ-
ȘȈȔȐ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧȝ Ȋșȍ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȘȈș-
ȠȐȘȐȚȤ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȑȖȕ ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȐșȤ ȚȡȍȚ-
ȕȣȔȐ
ȅȚȖ ȖȉșȚȖȧȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ ȕȐșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍ țȔȍȕȤȠȈȓȖ
ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ Ȍȓȧ ȌȈȕȕȣȝ țșȓȖȊȐȑ ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ Șȍ-
ȠȐȓȖ ȗȖȓȤȏțȧșȤ ȕȍțȧȏȊȐȔȖșȚȤȦ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȝ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈ-
ȕȖȊ ȗȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȕȈ ȗȧȚȐ ȊȈȎȕȍȑȠȐȝ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖȞȍȕȚȘȈȝ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐ ȗȖ ȖȌȕȖȔț ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘț
ǵȈ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ ȘȈȏȋȖȘȍȓșȧ ȋȖȘȧȟȐȑ șȗȖȘ ȒȈȒȐȍ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ
ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖțșȚȈȕȖȊȒȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȖȘȈȎȍȕȣ Ȋ ȗȍȘ-
ȊțȦ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ
ǬȕȍȗȘȖșȚȘȖȑ ȌȈȦȡȐȑ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕ ȚȘȐșȚȈ Țȣșȧȟ ȓȖȠȈȌȐ-
ȕȣȝ șȐȓ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȐȕȧȚ ȍȌȐȕȖȋȓȈșȕȖ ǨȓȤȗȐȑșȒȈȧ
șȚȈȕȞȐȧ ș ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȔ șȚȈ ȚȣșȧȟȈȔȐ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȔȐ șȐȓȈȔȐ
— ȚȖȎȍ ǯȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ șȖȉȘȈȓȖ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ
ȓȐȒȊȐȌȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ ǨȓȚȈȑșȒțȦ Ȑ dzȐȖȕșȒțȦ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ
ǷȘȐ ȘȈȏȘȍȠȍȕȐȐ ȊȖȗȘȖșȈ Ȗ ȗȧȚȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȋȖȓȖșȈ ȘȈȏ-
ȌȍȓȐȓȐșȤ ȔȍȎȌț ȀȈȚțȘșȒȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȍȑ ȉȓȐȏ ǴȖșȒȊȣ Ȑ Ȟȍȕ-
ȚȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȒȐȚȈȑșȒȖȑ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȍȑșȧ ȕȈ ȘȍȒȍ ȇȕ-Ǿȏȣ-Ǿȏȧȕ
— ȀȈȚțȘșȒȐȍ ȚȖȘȜȧȕȣȍ ȏȈȗȈșȣ ȊȖȚ-ȊȖȚ ȐșșȧȒȈȦȚ DzȘȖ-
Ȕȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȀȈȚțȘȒȈ ȌȈȍȚ ȊșȍȋȖ ȊȖșȍȔȤȌȍșȧȚ Țȣșȧȟ ȓȖȠȈȌȐȕȣȝ
șȐȓ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ ǵȍ șȚȖȐȚ ȚȘțȌȈ— șȒȈȏȈȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ
ǩȥȓȓ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗ ȔȖȘȈȓȤȕȖȔ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȐ ȗȘȐȖșȚȈȕȖȊȒȐ ȀȈ-
ȚțȘȒȐ
— ǩȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȥȚȖȔț ȔȈȕȍȊȘț Ȕȣ ȗȈȘȈȓȐȏțȍȔ șȍȘȌȞȍ ǭȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȐ — ǴȖșȒȊț ǶȉȍȏȋȓȈȊȐȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ Ȕȣ ȉțȌȍȔ ȋȖșȗȖȌȈ-
ȔȐ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ — șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȏȈȧȊȐȓ ǩȥȓȓ
ǹȓȖȊȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȒȈȒ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȍȠȈȦȡȐȔ
— ȀȈȚțȘȒȈ

89
— DzȖȕȍȟȕȖ — ȗȖȌȝȊȈȚȐȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ — ȧ ȖȠȐȉșȧ
ǪȍȌȤ ȏȌȍșȤ ȔȖȡȕȖșȚȤ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȗȖȟȚȐ ȕȍ ȐȋȘȈȍȚ ȘȖȓȐ ǪȈȎȍȕ
ȜȈȒȚ
ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓȖșȤ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȐȍȔ
ȗȓȈȕȈ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȑ ȉȖȔȉȈȘȌȐȘȖȊȒȐ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȏȈȓ
ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȋȌȍ Ȋ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȐȐ șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ
ȠȚȈȉȈ ǸDzDzǨ ȊȒȓȦȟȐȓȐ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜ ǫȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȣ ȕȍ-
șȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȎȍșȚȖȒȐȍ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȧ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȖȑ ȒȓȐȒȐ șȖȝȘȈ-
ȕȐȓȐ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȍ Ȑ ȉȖȌȘȖșȚȤ
— DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȍ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȊșȚȘȍȚȧȚ ȖȚȗȖȘ
ȚȈȒȐȝ Ȏȍ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȝ ȒȖȘȈȉȓȍȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǵȈȊșȚȘȍȟț Ȉȥ-
ȘȖȗȓȈȕȈȔ ȊȍȏțȡȐȝ ȕȈ ȉȖȘȚț ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȣ Ȕȣ ȊȣȠȓȍȔ ȈȥȘȖ-
ȗȓȈȕȣ țȗȘȈȊȓȧȍȔȣȍ ȘȈȌȐȖ ǷȘȐ șȚȖȓȒȕȖȊȍȕȐȧȝ ȗȖȋȐȉȕțȚ
ȖȉȈ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȈ Ǵȣ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ șțȔȍȍȔ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ Ȑ
ȖȉȘȈȏȍȞ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ — țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȧȊȐȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ
ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȖȊ
— Ǩ ȟȚȖ ȍșȓȐ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȐȑ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ ȗțșȚȐȚ Ȋ ȝȖȌ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȖȜȖȘ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ. — ǬȖȓȋȖ ȓȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȏȈ-
ȡȐȚȐȚȤ șȊȖȐ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ ȖȚ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ" ǵț, ȝȖȚȧ
ȉȣ ȗȈȕȞȐȘȍȔ Ȑȏ ȚȖȑ Ȏȍ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ ȚțȐ"
— DzȖȚȖȘȖȑ ț ȕȍȋȖ ȕȍȚ — ȊșȚȈȊȐȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ — ǯȈȚȖ Ȕȣ
ȔȖȎȍȔ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȚȤșȧ ȖȉȠȐȚȤ ȕȈȠȐ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ Țțȍȑ ǴȖȎȍȚ
ȉȣȚȤ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȖ ȉȣ țșȚȈȕȖȊȐȚȤ ȡȐȚȣ Ȑȏ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ ȚțȐ ȊȖ-
ȒȘțȋ Ȋșȍȝ ȗȧȚȐ ȕȈȔȍȟȍȕȕȣȝ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖțșȚȈȕȖȊȖȒ"
— ǪȍȘȕȖ
ǵȈ ȥȚȖȔ Ȑ ȗȖȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȝȖȚȧ Ȋșȍ șȖȏȕȈȊȈȓȐ ȠȈȚȒȖșȚȤ Ȑ
ȕȍȕȈȌȍȎȕȖșȚȤ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȖȉȖȘȖȕȣ
— ǵȖ ȋȌȍ ȋȈȘȈȕȚȐȐ ȟȚȖ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȧȚȐ Ȍȕȍȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ ȕȈ-
ȗȈȌȍȚ ȕȈ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȖțșȚȈȕȖȊȒȐ" ǯȈȚȍȔ, ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȟȚȖ
ȚȍȓȓȐȚȖȈȒȚȐȊȕȣȍ ȓțȟȐ ȐșȝȖȌȧȡȐȍ Ȑȏ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ȕȈșȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȐȏȔȍȕȍȕȣ ȟȚȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȐȝ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȈȧ Țțȧ ȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȗȘȍȋȘȈ-
ȌȖȑ
— ǭȌȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ șȗȈșȍȕȐȍ — Ȋ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȐ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈ ȔȖ-
ȋțȡȍȋȖ ȘȈȏȘțȠȐȚȤ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ — ȚȈȒȖȊȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȌȐȕȖȌțȠȕȖȍ
ȔȕȍȕȐȍ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȋȖ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȧ ȋȖȚȖȊȖȋȖ ȖȚȌȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ șȊȖȐ

șȐȓȣ Ȑ ȏȕȈȕȐȧ Ȍȓȧ ȖȉȖȘȖȕȣ șȖȞȐȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȖȚȍȟȍșȚȊȈ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȔțȟȐȓȈ ȖȌȕȈ Ȑ ȚȈ Ȏȍ ȔȣșȓȤ Ƕȕ ȕȍ
șȊȖȌȐȓ ȋȓȈȏ șȖ șȊȖȐȝ ȘȈȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȘțȒ ǷȘȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ
Ȗȕ șȓțȠȈȓ ȘȈșșȍȧȕȕȖ ȖȕȐ ȌȖȓȍȚȈȓȐ ȌȖ ȕȍȋȖ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ Ȑȏ-
ȌȈȓȍȒȈ ǵȖ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȈȒȒȖȘȌ — ȥȚȖ șȘȍȌșȚȊȖ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȖ ȉȣȚȤ ȕȈȑȌȍȕȖ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȝ ȗȧȚȐ Ȍȕȍȑ — ȏȈș-
ȚȈȊȐȓ șȊȖȍȑ ȏȓȖȊȍȡȍȑ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȖșȚȤȦ ȗȘȐȏȈȌțȔȈȚȤșȧ Ȑ ȍȋȖ
«ǶȕȐ ȗȘȈȊȣ ǵȖ ȗȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ"! ǰ ȊȍȌȤ ț ȕȈș ȕȍȚ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
ȕȈȊȖȌȧȡȍȋȖ ȜȈȒȚȈ
«Ǩ ȥȚȖ?» — Ȑ Ȗȕ șȕȖȊȈ Ȋȏȋȓȧȕțȓ ȕȈ ȏȈȉȐȕȚȖȊȈȕȕțȦ Șț-
Ȓț
— DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ — ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȖȗȖȔȕȐȊȠȐșȤ. — ȇ
șȗȍȠȕȖ ȍȌț Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ Ǵȕȍ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȧ ȕȈȗȈȓ ȕȈ ȊȍȘȕțȦ
ȓȐȕȐȦ
— DzȈȒțȦ ȓȐȕȐȦ" — ȕȍȌȖțȔȍȊȈȓȐ Ȋșȍ
ǵȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ țȎȍ Ȑșȟȍȏ
ǹȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȍ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȗȖșȓȍ ȖȚȢȍȏ-
ȌȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓȖșȤ ȌȖ ȗȖȏȌȕȍȑ ȕȖȟȐ
ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȖȊȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ǸȍȠȐȓȐ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȚȤ-
șȧ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȐȚȤ ȡȐȚȣ Ȑȏ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ ȚțȐ
ǵȈ șȓȍȌțȦȡȐȑ ȌȍȕȤ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ Ȋ ȠȍșȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȊȍȟȍȘȈ
ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓ ȗȖȚȘȧșȈȦȡȍȍ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ
ǵȍȉȖȓȤȠȈȧ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȈȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȗȘȐȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȡȈȧ ȅȓȐȈ-
șț ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȕȈȗȈȓȈ ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȍ ȘțȌȕȐȒȐ Ȑ ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ
ȕȈ ȋȍȘȖȐȟȍșȒțȦ ȉȖȘȤȉț ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ȊȏȖȘȊȈȓȈ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȐȚȖ-
Ȋȣȍ șȒȓȈȌȣ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȐȍșȧ ȕȈ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ
ȀȈȝȚȣ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȣ — ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȎȐȓȣȍ ȗȖșȚȘȖȑ-
ȒȐ Ȋ ȘȈȑȖȕȍ ȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ
ǿȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȒȐȝ ȎȍȘȚȊ ȕȈșȟȐȚȣȊȈȍȚșȧ ȌȖ ȌȊȍȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ Țȣ-
șȧȟ ǺȧȎȍȓȖ ȘȈȕȍȕȣ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȌȍșȧȚȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
ǷȖ ȕȍȗȘȖȊȍȘȍȕȕȣȔ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧȔ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ țȞȍȓȍȊȠȐȝ
ȍȌȊȈ ȌȖșȚȐȋȈȍȚ ȚȘȍȝ Țȣșȧȟ

91
XXIII
ȁǹȊȀǶǺǮȀȁǺ
ǼȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ȊȖșȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȓ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȊȈȓ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓȖ Ȋ ȔȍșȚȕȖșȚȧȝ ȋȌȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȌȍȑșȚȊțȦ-
ȡȈȧ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȧ Ǭȓȧ ȕȈșȚȘȈȐȊȈȕȐȧ ȗȘȐȍȔ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȕȈȚȤ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȎȍȓȈȍ-
ȔȖȑ ȔȍșȚȕȖșȚȐ ȖȚ ȔȍșȚȈ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȐȍȔȖȟȕȖȑ șȚȈȕȞȐȐ
ǮȍșȚȖȒȈȧ ȘȈșȗȘȈȊȈ ȗȈȓȈȟȍȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȈȗȈȊȠȐȝ ȕȈ ȗȍ-
ȘțȈȕșȒȐȍ ȘțȌȕȐȒȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȖȎȍ ȏȈȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȖ Ȋ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȍ ȔȈ-
ȓȍȕȤȒȖȋȖ ȏȈȓȈ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȘȖȊȕȖ Ȋ ȚȘȐ ȟȈșȈ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȍȕȧ ȕȈȌ
ȏȌȈȕȐȍȔ țȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ȗȖȧȊȐȓșȧ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ ș ȜȓȈȋȖȔ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǷȖȌȕȧȚȈȧ ȘțȎȍȑȕȈȧ șȚȘȍȓȤȉȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȐȓȈ ȕȐ ȔȈȓȍȑ-
ȠȍȋȖ ȊȘȍȌȈ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȔț ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕț ȕȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ
ȗțȓȐ ȊȖșșȚȈȊȠȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȗȖȗȈȌȈȓȐ Ȋ ȕȍȋȖ ȕȍȖȌȕȖȒȘȈȚȕȖ
ǨȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ ȉȣȓ șȌȍȓȈȕ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ȐȔȍȊȠȐȍșȧ Ȋ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȐ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȝ ȉȣ-
ȓȐ ȘȈȏȉȐȚȣ ȊȔȐȋ ȔȈȠȐȕȖȑ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒȈ ǨȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ȖșȚȈȓșȧ ȝȖȏȧȐȕȖȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ǸțȝȕțȓȖ ȏȌȈȕȐȍ ȋȖȘȕȖȑ ȒȖȕ-
ȚȖȘȣ — ȔȍșȚȖȗȘȍȉȣȊȈȕȐȍ șȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȔȐȚȍȚȈ
ǵȈȟȈȓȈșȤ ȉȖȔȉȈȘȌȐȘȖȊȒȈ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈ
ǪȏȘȣȊȣ șȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȐ ȏȈ ȊȏȘȣȊȈȔȐ
Dz ȥȚȖȔț ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȘȐȉȣȓȈ ȍȡȍ ȖȌȕȈ ȔȈȠȐȕȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ȏȈȚȍȔ ȞȍȓȈȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ șȖșȚȖȧȡȈȧ Ȑȏ ȊȖșȤȔȐ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ
ǩȈșȚțȦȡȐȍ ȊȣȉȘȖșȐȓȐ ȉȍȓȣȑ ȜȓȈȋ
ǵȈȗȘȈșȕȖ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȐȍ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓȐ șȊȖȍ ȗȘȍșȚțȗȕȖȍ
ȌȍȓȖ ȌȖ Țȍȝ ȗȖȘ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȐ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȣ Ȋșȍ ȏȌȈȕȐȧ ȕȈ
ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȐ ȘȈȌȐțșȖȔ Ȋ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȒȐȓȖȔȍȚȘȈ
ǹȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȍșȧ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȍ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȐ ȕȍ
ȔȖȋȓȐ ȌȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ ȌȖȊȍșȚȐ șȊȖȐȝ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȑ ȚȈȒ ȒȈȒ ș ȘȈȏ-
ȘțȠȍȕȐȍȔ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȓȈșȤ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȟȈ șȖȉȣȚȐȑ
ǺȖ ȟȚȖ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȠȓȖșȤ țȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȗȘȍȊȏȖȠȓȖ ȊșȧȒȐȍ ȖȎȐȌȈ-
ȕȐȧ

92
ǻȉȐȊȈȓȐșȤ ȌȍȚȐ ȎȍȕȡȐȕȣ ȔȖȓȖȌȍȎȤ Ȑ șȚȈȘȐȒȐ
ǻȔȖȓȧȦȡȍ ȗȖȌȕȧȚȣȍ Ȓ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȈȔ ȘțȒȐ ȖȚȘȣȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȗș-
ȒȖȓȒȈȔȐ ȉȘȖȠȍȕȕȣȝ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȉȖȔȉ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ȠȕȣȘȧȓȐ ȐȏȊȐȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȖȐșȒȈȝ țȞȍȓȍȊȠȍȋȖ
Ȑ ȕȈșȓȈȎȌȈȧșȤ ȒȘȖȊȈȊȣȔ ȏȈȗȈȝȖȔ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȐȧ Ȑ țȉȐȑșȚȊ
ȉȍȠȍȕȖ ȒȘțȎȐȓȐșȤ ȊȣȌȍȓȣȊȈȧ șȓȖȎȕȣȍ șȔȍȘȚȖȕȖșȕȣȍ ȗȈ
ȟțȌȖȊȐȡȕȖȋȖ ȚȖȕȒȖ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȈȕȕȖȋȖ ȚȈȕȞȈ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȐȧ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȉȣȓ ȌȖȊȖȓȍȕ «ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȑ ȘȍȗȍȚȐȞȐȍȑ»,
ȒȈȒ Ȗȕ ȊȣȘȈȏȐȓșȧ ȕȈ șȖȊȍȡȈȕȐȐ șȖȏȊȈȕȕȖȔ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ
ǪșȍȔ țȟȈșȚȕȐȒȈȔ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȣȌȈȕȖ ȗȖ Țȣșȧȟȍ ȌȖȓ-
ȓȈȘȖȊ Ȋ ȊȐȌȍ ȖșȖȉȖȋȖ ȊȖȏȕȈȋȘȈȎȌȍȕȐȧ.
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȓȐȟȕȖ ȊȣȍȝȈȓ ȗȖȓȦȉȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȖȑ șȊȖȐȝ ȔȖ-
ȓȖȌȞȖȊ
ǷȖ ȊȖȏȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȐ Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» Ȗȕ ȉȣȓ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ ȖȎȐȊȓȍȕ
Ȑ Ȋȍșȍȓ
— ǩȈșȚțȦȚ ȓȐ ȍȡȍ ȋȌȍ-ȕȐȉțȌȤ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ" — ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȥȚȐȔ
ȗȖȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȓșȧ ȕȍȒȖȘȖȕȖȊȈȕȕȣȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐȚȍȓȤ șȚȘȈȕȣ ȌȖȓȓȈ-
ȘȖȊǪȍșȚȤ Ȗ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȍ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ȖȉȓȍȚȍȓȈ ȊȔȐȋ
ȊșȦ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț
ǵȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȐșȚȐȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȐȕȖȊȕȐȒȈ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍșȓȣȝȈȕ-
ȕȖȋȖ ȏȊȍȘșȚȊȈ
ǷȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȍ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȖ ȕȍȒȖȋȌȈ ȞȊȍȚțȡȍȋȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȋȖ ȗȖșȍȓ-
ȒȈ ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ ȈȋȍȕȚȣ șțȌȍȉȕȖȋȖ ȊȍȌȖȔșȚȊȈ ȏȈșȚȈȓȐ
ȓȐȠȤ ȋȘțȌȣ ȘȈȏȊȈȓȐȕ Ȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȖȚȍȕ ȖȉȍȏțȔȍȊȠȐȝ ȘȈ-
ȉȖȟȐȝ șȗȈșȠȐȝșȧ ȟțȌȖȔ ȖȚ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȐȝ ȖȗȘȐȟȕȐȒȖȊ
ǬȖȉȐȚȤșȧ ȖȚ ȕȐȝ ȘȈȏțȔȕȖȋȖ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ ȕȈ ȏȈȌȈȕȕȣȍ ȊȖȗȘȖ-
șȣ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȣȔ ǷȍȘȍȎȐȚȣȍ țȎȈșȣ ȓȐȠȐȓȐ Ȑȝ
ȘȈșșțȌȒȈ
ǪȖșșȚȈȕȖȊȐȚȤ ȐșȚȐȕȕțȦ ȒȈȘȚȐȕț ȝȖȌȈ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȐȧ ȚȈȒȐȔ
ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ
ǽȖȌȐȓȐ șȓțȝȐ ȟȚȖ ȒȈȚȈșȚȘȖȜȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ
ȕȍȖșȔȖȚȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȐ șȈȔȐȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ǶȕȐ ȧȒȖȉȣ ȕȍ țȟȓȐ
ȕȈȓȐȟȐȧ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȈ ȊȏȘȣȊȟȈȚȣȝ ȊȍȡȍșȚȊ ȕȈ șȒȓȈ-
ȌȈȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈ
ǵȖ ȒȈȒ ȥȚȖ ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ țȚȊȍȘȎȌȈȓȐ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ
ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȋȈȏȍȚȣ ȥȚȖȚ șȓțȝ ȉȣȓ ȖșȕȖȊȈȕ ȕȈ ȗȖȓȕȖȔ ȕȍȏȕȈ-
ȒȖȔșȚȊȍ ș ȝȈȘȈȒȚȍȘȖȔ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȐȑ ȅȚȐ ȘȈȏȘțȠȍȕȐȧ ȗȖ țȚ-

93
ȊȍȘȎȌȍȕȐȦ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȋȈȏȍȚ ȧȊȕȖ șȊȐȌȍȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȊȈȓȐ Ȗ ȕȈȗȈ-
ȌȍȕȐȐ ȐȏȊȕȍ
ǷȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ ȗȖȧȊȐȊȠȍȍșȧ  ȈȊȋțș-
ȚȈ ȚȖȎȍ ȊȣȕțȎȌȍȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȒȈȚȈșȚȘȖȜȈ ȉȣȓȈ
ȊȣȏȊȈȕȈ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȊȕȍȠȕȐȔȐ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȈȔȐ
ǪȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ Ȋ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȒȊȈȘȚȈȓȈȝ ȘȖșȓȖ
ǶȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȖ ȕȈȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȐȔȧ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ȒȈȒ ȋȓȈȊȕȖȋȖ ȊȐȕȖȊȕȐȒȈ țȎȈșȖȊ ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ
Ǫȣȗțȡȍȕȕȣȍ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȔ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȔ ǷȘȖȜ-
ȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ ȉȘȖȠȦȘȣ ȗȖȧșȕȐȓȐ Ȋșȍ
ǷȖȓȤȏțȧșȤ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȈȔȐ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜȈ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ȉȘȖ-
ȠȦȘȣ ȖȗȐșȈȓȐ ȐșȚȐȕȕțȦ ȒȈȘȚȐȕț ȗȘȖȐșȠȍȌȠȍȋȖ ȕȈ ȘțȌȕȐ-
ȒȈȝ Ȑ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȈȓȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȍ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȍșȚȈ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȌȐȒȖȑ ȘȈșȗȘȈȊȣ
ǹȚȈȟȍȟȕȖȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȖȊȖȏȋȓȈșȐȊȠȍȍ ȓȖȏțȕȋ ȊȖȖȘț-
ȎȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȊȖșșȚȈȕȐȧ Ȑ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȈ Ȋșȍȑ ȋȖșțȌȈȘșȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐ
Ȋ ȘțȒȐ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȘȖșȓȖ ȕȍȗȘȍȘȣȊȕȖ
17ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȉȈșȚȖȊȈȓȐ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȔȐȓȓȐȖȕȖȊ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ
DzȖ ȊșȍȖȉȡȍȑ ȏȈȉȈșȚȖȊȒȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐȓȐșȤ ȓȐȠȤ ȕȍș-
ȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȍșȧȚȒȖȊ ȏȈȊȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȈșȟȐȚȣȊȈȦ-
ȡȐȝ ȕȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȌȊțȝșȖȚ ȗȧȚȐȌȍșȧȚȐ Țȣșȧȟ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȊ-
ȠȐȝșȧ ȊșȍȋȌȈ Ȋ ȖșȖȉȖ ȗȘȐȊȐȓȍȋȐȘȖȊȈȕȕȖȔ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ
ǰȔȍȕȕȖ ȕȈ ȥȚȐȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȈȝ ȊȣȘȈȉȈȚȣȊȈȓșȧ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ ȏȌȍșȤ
Ȏȍ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓȈ șȉȖȘȒȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ Ȑ ȗȖșȚȘȖȑ-
ȒȈ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȖȊ
17 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ ȖȌȕȈȒȖ ȟȚȖ Ȑ ȕȈ ȥȚȐȝ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧ-
ȚȐȧȝ ȕȍȉȓȈȋȖȗȖȓțȟȕȖ
ǵȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ
ǰ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
18 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ Ȋșȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȋȈȏȍȚȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȏȈȒȘȣȚȣ ǴȖȚȐȊȐ-
ȘȖȊȈȓȖșȤ ȥȚȖ ȊȊȍȌȍȕȐȍȔ ȊȖȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ Ȋșȍȑ ȚȍȘ-
ȘȐȚȖȘȐȐ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ
ǷȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ — șȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȐȒȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ — ȗȣȚȈȓȖșȤ Ȑȋ-
ȘȈȚȤ ȕȈ ȗȈȚȘȐȖȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȟțȊșȚȊȈȝ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ
ǶȜȐȞȐȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȖȉȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ «Dz șȊȖȉȖȌȕȖ-
Ȕț ȕȈȘȖȌț ǹǨǹȀ» ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ ȏȈȧȊȓȧȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȒȈȚȈșȚȘȖȜȈ
ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ — ȌȍȓȖ ȘțȒ «ȒȘȈșȕȖȋȖ ȐȔȗȍȘȐȈȓȐȏ-
ȔȈ» șȚȘȍȔȧȡȍȋȖșȧ ȗȖȘȈȉȖȚȐȚȤ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț

ǷȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȈȘȍ-
șȚȖȊȈȕȖ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȌȍȓȍȋȈȞȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȊ-
ȠȈȧșȧ ȍȡȍ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ
ǩȍșșȚȣȌȕȣȑ ȖȉȔȈȕ ȗȘȍȗȖȌȕȍșȍȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȔ ȕȍ-
șȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ țșȐȓȐȧ Ȑ ȈȒȚȐȊȕțȦ ȌȍȧȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȊȍȘȝțȠȒȐ
ǼȍȌȍȘȈȞȐȐ ǺȘțȌȈ ȕȍ ȌȈȓ ȕȈȌȓȍȎȈȡȍȋȖ ȥȜȜȍȒȚȈ
ǸȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȕȈ ȗȘȖȊȖȒȈȞȐȖȕȕȣȑ ȗȘȐȏȣȊ Ȓ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ
ȗȘȖȚȍșȚȈ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȍȐȏȔȍȕȕȖ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓȐ ȖȌȕȖ Ȑ ȚȖ Ȏȍ
— ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ — șȚȘȈȕȈ ȌȐȒȚȈȚțȘȣ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚȈ ǵȍ ȉȣȓȖ
șȓțȟȈȧ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȖȕȈ ȏȈȌȈȊȈȓȈșȤ ȞȍȓȤȦ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȐȚȤ ȘȈȉȖȟȍȍ
ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ
ǵȈșȚțȗȐȓȖ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ — ȌȍȕȤ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȗȧȚȐ ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȖȜȖȘȖȊ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȐȉȍȋȕțȚȤ Ȓ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȔț șȘȍȌșȚȊț
ǷȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȍ ȌȖȊȍȓȖ ȌȖ șȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ Ȋșȍ-
ȋȖ ȕȈșȍȓȍȕȐȧ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȟȚȖ «ȊȊȐȌț ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖȋȖ țȟȈșȚȐȧ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋ ȊȏȘȣȊȈȝ ȕȈ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ» ȗȘȈȊȐȚȍȓȤșȚ-
ȊȖ ǹǨǹȀ ȊȣȕțȎȌȍȕȖ ȗȖșȓȈȚȤ țȓȤȚȐȔȈȚțȔ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ș ȚȘȍȉȖ-
ȊȈȕȐȍȔ ȗȖȓȕȖȋȖ ȊȖȏȔȍȡȍȕȐȧ țȉȣȚȒȖȊ ȗȘȐȟȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȋȖșț-
ȌȈȘșȚȊț ȈȘȍȕȌȈȚȖȘț ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ Ȑ ȗȖșȚȘȈȌȈȊȠȐȔ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȔ
ǺȍȒșȚ țȓȤȚȐȔȈȚțȔȈ șȖșȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȖȋȖ Ȋ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȕȈȋ-
ȓȖȔ Ȑ ȊȣȏȣȊȈȦȡȍȔ ȚȖȕȍ ȗȖȒȖȓȍȉȈȓ ȚȊȍȘȌțȦ ȊȍȘț Ȋ ȊȐȕȖȊ-
ȕȖșȚȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǯȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȓȈșȤ
ǺȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȧ ȥȚȈ ȉȍȠȍȕȈȧ ȒȈȔȗȈȕȐȧ
ȗȣȚȈȦȡȈȧșȧ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȊȐȕȖȊȕȖșȚȤ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȌȈ ȍȡȍ ȗȖȌȒȘȍȗ-
ȓȍȕȕȈȧ țȓȤȚȐȔȈȚțȔȖȔ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȖȔ ȝȐȚȘȖșȗȓȍȚȍȕ-
ȕȖȑ ȓȎȐ Ȑ ȕȈȋȓȖȋȖ ȖȉȔȈȕȈ
ǵȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȈȓȖ ȗȖȌȈȊȓȧȦȡȍȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȐȕșȚȊȖ ȘȈȉȖ-
ȟȐȝ Ȓ ȘȈȏțȔț ȏȈȉȓțȎȌȈȦȡȐȝșȧ ǶȒȖȓȖ ȠȍșȚȐșȖȚ Țȣșȧȟ ȘȈ-
ȉȖȟȐȝ ȕȈ ȖȉȡȐȝ șȖȉȘȈȕȐȧȝ ȊȣȕȍșȓȐ ȘȍȠȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȚȤ șȚȈȟ-
Ȓț Ȑ ȗȖȌȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȚȤ țȓȤȚȐȔȈȚțȔ ȗȘȍȌȢȧȊȓȍȕȕȣȑ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǪȍȟȍȘȖȔ ȊȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȕȣȑ ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȊȣȘȈȏȐȊ ȗȘȖȚȍșȚ ȗȘȖȚȐȊ ȟțȌȖȊȐȡȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȊȐȕȍȕȐȧ
ȖȜȐȞȐȈȓȤȕȖ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ țȓȤȚȐȔȈȚțȔ Ȑ ȊȣȍȝȈȓ Ȑȏ ȗȘȍ-
ȌȍȓȖȊ ǹǨǹȀ

95
XXIV
ǽǾǶǸǮǵ ǺǼǾDZǮǻǮ
ǶȗțȉȓȐȒȖȊȈȕȐȍ țȓȤȚȐȔȈȚțȔȈ ǹǨǹȀ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȊȣȏȊȈȓȖ
ȕȍȋȖȌȖȊȈȕȐȍ Ȑ ȊȖȏȔțȡȍȕȐȍ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ȔȈșș
ǶȋȘȖȔȕȣȍ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ șȚȐȝȐȑȕȖ ȊȣȘȈșȚȈȊȠȐȍ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ
ȒȖȕȞȈȝ ǹǹǹǸ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓȐ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȊșȧȒȐȝ șȕȖ-
ȠȍȕȐȑ ș ǨȔȍȘȐȒȖȑ
ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȖȗțȉȓȐȒȖȊȈȓ Ȋșȍ ȔȈȚȍ-
ȘȐȈȓȣ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȐȔȍȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȐ Ȗ ȗȓȈȕȈȝ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȈ Ǫ șȊȖȍȔ ȖȉȘȈȡȍȕȐȐ ǾǰDz țȒȈȏȈȓ ȕȈ ȉȓȐȏȖșȚȤ Ȑ ȕȍȐȏ-
ȉȍȎȕȖșȚȤ șȚȖȓȒȕȖȊȍȕȐȧ ȔȍȎȌț ȌȊțȔȧ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔȐ șȚȘȖȧ-
ȔȐ — ȒȈȗȐȚȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȔ Ȑ șȖȞȐȈȓȐșȚȐȟȍșȒȐȔ — Ȑ ȗȘȐȏȣ-
ȊȈȓ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ Ȓ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȦ
Ƕ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȝ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȈȝ Ȑ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈȝ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌșȚ-
ȊțȧșȤ ȚȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȔȐ șȖȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȧȔȐ ȘȍȠȍȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍ
țȗȖȔȐȕȈȚȤ
Ǫ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȞȈȘȐȓȈ ȚȊȍȘȌȈȧ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȍȔȣȍ
ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕșȖȊȍȚȖȔ ǹȖȦȏȈ ȔȍȘȣ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȈȚ ȗȖȉȍȌț șȖȞȐȈȓȐȏ-
Ȕț ǵȍ ȊȣȏȊȈȓȖ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȚȘȍȊȖȋ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌțȗȘȍȎȌȍȕȐȍ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ
Ȋ ȕȈȟȈȓȍ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȐȝ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȝ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȑ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȥȓȍȒȚ-
ȘȖșȚȈȕȞȐȑ ȕȈ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȚȧȚ ȌȈȟț ȥȕȍȘȋȐȐ Ȍȓȧ
ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ Ȑ șȍȓȤșȒȐȝ ȒȖȔȔțȕ
ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕșȖȊȍȚ ȓȐȝȖȘȈȌȖȟȕȖ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓșȧ Ȓ ȖȚȗȖȘț
ȁȐȚȣ Ȑȏ ȗȈȔȐȘșȒȖȑ ȚțȐ ȉȣȓȐ șȖȖȘțȎȍȕȣ
ǵȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȔ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȗȖȒȈ-
ȏȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȕțȎȕȖ ȚȖȘȖȗȐȚȤșȧ
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȊȍȟȍȘȖȔ, ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȈȕȒȞȐȖȕȐ-
ȘȖȊȈȓ ȗȓȈȕ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǹȖȋȓȈșȕȖ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȈ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ Ȋ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ Ȍȕȧ ȌȖȓȎ-
ȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȈȟȈȚȤșȧ ȖȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȈȧ ȉȖȔȉȈȘȌȐȘȖȊȒȈ ǴȖșȒȊȣ
dzȍȕȐȕȋȘȈȌȈ ǩȍȘȓȐȕȈ Ȑ dzȖȕȌȖȕȈ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȘȍȠȐȓ șȚȍȘȍȚȤ ș ȓȐȞȈ ȏȍȔȓȐ ȥȚȐ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȋȖȘȖȌȈ
ǪȚȖȘȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȗȓȈȕȈ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȈȓȈ Ȋ șȍȉȍ ȖȊȓȈȌȍȕȐȍ «ȒȘȣ-
Ƞȍȑ ȔȐȘȈ».

96
ǷȖȌȘȖȉȕȖ ȉȣȓ ȘȈȏȘȈȉȖȚȈȕ Ȑ ȗȓȈȕ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȈ Ȋșȍȑ ȋȖșțȌȈȘ-
șȚȊȍȕȕȖȑ ȗȘȖȔȣȠȓȍȕȕȖșȚȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȋ ȘțȒȐ șȚȈȊȓȍȕȕȐȒȖȊ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǪșȓȍȌ ȏȈ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧȔȐ ȊȣȍȏȎȈȦȡȐȔȐ Ȍȓȧ ȉȖȔȉȈȘȌȐȘȖȊ-
ȒȐ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ Ȑ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȈ ǷȈȔȐȘȈ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ
ȊȣȓȍȚȍȚȤ Ȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȊȍȏțȡȈȧ ȕȈ ȉȖȘȚț ȕȈȐȉȖȓȍȍ șȗȖșȖȉ-
ȕȣȝ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȈȕȕȣȝ ȈȌȔȐȕȐșȚȘȈȚȖȘȖȊ Ȑȏ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȈ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊ-
șȒȖȋȖ ȚȘȍșȚȈ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȚȈȒ ȗȖșȗȍȠȕȖ țȍȝȈȊȠȐȑ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ Ȋ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ
Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȊȠȐȑ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȔȍȘț ȕȈ ȌȘțȋȖȑ ȌȍȕȤ
ȕȐ ȘȈȏț ȕȍ ȗȖȧȊȓȧȓȐșȤ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ
— ǶȕȐ ȏȈȕȧȚȣ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȍȕȐȍȔ ȖȉȖȘȖȕȣ
«ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ», — ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
Ƕȕ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȓșȧ șȊȧȏȈȚȤșȧ ș ȕȐȔȐ ȗȖ ȘȈȌȐȖȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț
ǶȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȊȣȍȝȈȓȐ
Ȑȏ ǨȌȈȋȈȌȍ Ȋ ǫȍȘȔȈȕșȒțȦ ǹȖȊȍȚșȒțȦ ǸȍșȗțȉȓȐȒț
ǵȈșȚțȗȐȓȖ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ
ǯȈȉȈșȚȖȊȖȟȕȖȍ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȍ ȕȍ ȖșȚȈȕȈȊȓȐȊȈȓȖșȤ.
ǵȍȗȘȍȘȣȊȕȖ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȍ ȕȈ ȏȈȊȖȌȈȝ Ȑ ȜȈȉȘȐȒȈȝ
șȖȉȘȈȕȐȧ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȖȉșțȎȌȈȧ șȖȏȌȈȊȠȍȍșȧ ȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȐȍ ȗȘȐ-
ȠȓȐ Ȓ ȊȣȊȖȌț ȟȚȖ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȑ ȒȓȈșș ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȌȖȓȎȍȕ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ Ȋșȍ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȣȍ ȔȍȘȣ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȍȌȖȚȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȗȈ-
ȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ
ǫȈȘȕȐȏȖȕȣ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ ȞȍȓȐȒȖȔ ȗȘȐșȖȍȌȐȕȐ-
ȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȔ
ǹȚȈȟȒȈ Ȋ ȥȚȐȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈȝ ȗȍȘȍȠȓȈ Ȋ ȊȖȖȘțȎȍȕȕȖȍ ȊȖșșȚȈ-
ȕȐȍǪȖȖȘțȎȍȕȐȍ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȋ ȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȌȕȐ ȉȣȓȖ ȔȐȏȍȘȕȖ
ǶșȕȖȊȕȣȍ ȖȘțȎȍȑȕȣȍ șȒȓȈȌȣ ȊȖ Ȋșȍȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȈȝ ȉȣȓȐ șȕȈȉ-
Ȏȍȕȣ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚȐȟȍșȒȖȑ ȖȝȘȈȕȖȑ ǶȉȍȏȊȘȍȎȍȕȐȍ ȈȊȚȖȔȈȚȖȊ
ȗȖȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓȖ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȐȝ Ȍȕȍȑ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ
ǸȈȉȖȟȐȍ ȘȍȠȐȓȐ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ ȕȈȗȘȖȓȖȔ
ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕșȒȐȑ șȖȊȍȚ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȑ șȖȓȌȈȚșȒȐȝ ȌȍȗțȚȈȚȖȊ
ȐȏȌȈȓ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ Ȗȉ ȈȘȍșȚȍ ȅȓȐȈșȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȝ

97
șȖȚȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ țȏȕȈȓ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȟȍȘȍȏ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȖșȓȍ ȗȖȌ-
ȗȐșȈȕȐȧ șȊȖȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈ
Ƕȕ ȏȓȖȉȕȖ ȠȐȗȍȓ
— ǨȘȍșȚȖȊȈȚȤ Ȕȍȕȧ"! ǷȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ — ȒȚȖ ȒȖȋȖ
ǵȖ ȔȍȘȣ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȉȣȓȐ ȐȔ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȣ ȕȍȔȍȌ-
ȓȍȕȕȖ
ǪȐȓȓȈ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȗȖ ȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏț ȟȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȉȣȓȈ Ȗȉȕȍ-
șȍȕȈ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȑ ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȤȦ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ șȍȉȧ Ȋȕȍ ȊșȧȒȖȑ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ
Ǫ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ țȚȘȈ Ȗȕ ȗȖȓțȟȐȓ ȌȖȕȍșȍȕȐȧ
— ǼȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ Ȓ ȖȚȓȍȚț
— ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȚșȧ ȗȧȚȤ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȑ ȗȖ
ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȈ ȒȈȎȌȈȧ ș ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȉȖȘȚț
— ǿȍȘȍȏ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȗȖ ȗȓȈȕț ȊȣȓȍȚȈȦȚ ȌȊȈȌ-
ȞȈȚȤ ȊȖșȍȔȤ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ țȗȘȈȊȓȧȍȔȣȝ ȘȈȌȐȖȊȖȓȕȈȔȐ ș ȌȐ-
ȘȐȎȈȉȓȧ ǨȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȧȚșȧ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț dzȍȕȐȕȋȘȈȌ ǩȍȘ-
ȓȐȕ Ȑ dzȖȕȌȖȕ Ȍȓȧ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȐȧ ȥȚȐȝ ȋȖȘȖȌȖȊ
— Ǫ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ țȚȘȈ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȚșȧ
ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȊȖșȍȔȤ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ș ȉțȌțȡȐȔȐ țȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȡȐȔȐ
ȖȉȓȈșȚȧȔȐ Ȑ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȧȔȐ ȝȖȏȧȑșȚȊȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
— ǼȓȖȚȐȓȐȧȔȐ ȊȍȏțȡȐȔȐ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȣ ȒȖȔȈȕȌțȍȚ ȗȍȘ-
Ȋȣȑ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȤ ǩȥȓȓ
— ǬȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȍȔ țȗȘȈȊȓȧȍȚ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ ǹǨǹȀ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ țȟȈșȚȐȍ Ȋ ȥȒșȗȍȌȐȞȐȐ ș ȥȕȍȘ-
ȋȖȜȖȘȈȔȐ
Ƕȕ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȓ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ ȗȖȓț-
ȟȐȚȤ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȌȈȕȕȣȍ Ȗ ȔȖȡȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȗȘȐȋȖȌȕȖșȚȐ Ȑȝ ȗȘȐ ȘȈȏ-
ȓȐȟȕȣȝ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȐȧȝ ȥȓȍȒȚȘȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȚȖȒȈ
Ǫșȍ țȟȈșȚȕȐȒȐ ȥȒșȗȍȌȐȞȐȐ ȉȣȓȐ șȕȈȉȎȍȕȣ ȒȖșȚȦȔȈȔȐ
Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ
ǺȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȐȔ ȉȣȓȈ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȍȕȈ ȉȍȏȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ
ȅȓȐȈș ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȝȖȌȐȓ ȊȏȈȌ Ȑ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȍȝȐȌȕȖ ȗȖȚȐȘȈȧ Șț-
ȒȐ
— ǨȘȍșȚțȑȚȍ ǽȍ-ȝȍ-ȝȍ

98
ǵȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȍ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȔ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ ȉȣȓȖ
ȗȖȌȈȊȓȍȕȕȖȍ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȑ ȚȘȐ ȋȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȈ ȖȉșțȎȌȈȓȐ șȗȖșȖȉȣ ȗȘȍȌȖȚ-
ȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȧ ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ
ǩȣȓȖ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȐȚ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȈȧ ȉȖȘȤȉȈ
ǹȊȍȌȍȕȐȧ Ȗ ȗȘȐȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȧȝ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȗȍȘȍȌȈȊȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ Ȗȗȍ-
ȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȑ ȖȚȌȍȓ ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕșȖȊȍȚȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȍ ȚȘȐ ȔȐȕțȚȣ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȐȓșȧ
Ƕȕ ȗȘȐȊȣȒ ȏȈ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȌȊȈ ȔȍșȧȞȈ Ȓ ȚȖȔț ȟȚȖȉȣ Ȋșȍ
ȒȈșȈȦȡȍȍșȧ «ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȕȈ ȒȘȣȠȍ ȔȐȘȈ» Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȖȚȕȖșȧ-
ȡȍȍșȧ Ȓ ȗȓȈȕț ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȧ ȕȈ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȦ ȉȣȓȖ ȍȔț ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȋșȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȌȍȓȐȓȐșȤ ș ȕȐȔ ȖȉȖ ȊșȍȔ
«ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ șȍȑȟȈș Ȋ șȈȔȣȑ ȖȚȊȍȚșȚȊȍȕȕȣȑ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ Ȍȓȧ
Ȕȍȕȧ ȕȍ ȕȈȑȌȍȚșȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ" ǿȍȔ ȖȉȢȧșȕȐȚȤ Ȑȝ ȌȓȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȍ
ȖȚșțȚșȚȊȐȍ"»
Ƕȕ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȐ ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ ȍȡȍ
ȖȌȐȕ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȗȕ șțȔȍȍȚ ȊȖș-
șȚȈȕȖȊȐȚȤ șȊȧȏȤ șȖ șȊȖȐȔȐ ȒȖȓȓȍȋȈȔȐ
ǶȗȘȍȌȍȓȐȚȤ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ǬȈȘȔȠȚȈȌȚȈ ȋȌȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȐșȤ ǹȖ-
ȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȖȚ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȉȣȓȖ ȌȍȓȖȔ ȔȐȕțȚȣ
ǶȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȘȔȠȚȈȌȚșȒȈȧ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȧ ȕȍ ȌȍȑșȚ-
ȊțȍȚ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖ-
ȊȈȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ
ǻ ȕȍȋȖ ȔȍȓȤȒȕțȓȈ ȔȣșȓȤ
«ǵȍ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚ ȓȐ ȥȚȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ" ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ,
ȐȔ țȌȈȓȖșȤ»
ǯȈȗȘȖȠȍȕȕȣȑ ȖȗȍȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȑ ȖȚȌȍȓ ȐȏȊȍșȚȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȘȔ-
ȠȚȈȌȚșȒȈȧ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȧ ȕȍ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ ȗȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏț ǸȍȊȊȖȍȕ-
șȖȊȍȚȈ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊț ȚțȚ Ȏȍ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓȐ ȟȚȖ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȋ
ǬȈȘȔȠȚȈȌȚȍ ȏȈȕȧȚȣ ȒȈȒȐȔȐ-ȚȖ ȟȘȍȏȊȣȟȈȑȕȖ ȊȈȎȕȣȔȐ Ȗȗȣ-
ȚȈȔȐ ȚȍșȕȖ șȊȧȏȈȕȕȣȔȐ ș ȕȈȗȈȌȍȕȐȍȔ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǺȈȒ ȒȈȒ ȖȗȍȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȑ ȖȚȌȍȓ ȌȖȗțșȒȈȍȚ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȘțȒȈȝ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȈ ȐȔȍȍȚșȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȗȖȌȖȉȕȣȑ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜț ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ
ȘȍȠȍȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ șȒȘȣȚȤ ȖȚ ȟțȎȐȝ ȋȓȈȏ Ȋșȍ ȖȗȣȚȣ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
ȗțȚȍȔ ȊȣȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ Ȑȏ Ȗȉȡȍȑ șȍȚȐ
— ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ Ȑ Ȓ ȚȖȔț Ȏȍ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȍ ȖȗȣȚȣ
ȗȘȖȐȏȊȖȌȧȚșȧ

ǰȕȜȖȘȔȈȞȐȖȕȕȣȑ ȖȚȌȍȓ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȌȈȚȤ ȖȚȊȍȚȈ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȊȖȗ-
ȘȖșǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȊșȗȖȔȕȐȓ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȑ Ȑ ȕȍȖȎȐȌȈȕȕȣȑ
ȖȚȢȍȏȌ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ
«ȅȚȐ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȖȗȣȚȣ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ șȊȧȏȈȕȣ ș ȚȍȔȐ Ȕȣș-
ȓȧȔȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȊȖȏȕȐȒȓȐ ț ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȋ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ».
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ș țȎȈșȖȔ ȗȖȌțȔȈȓ ȟȚȖ ȖȗȣȚȣ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȌȈȌțȚ
©ǿȚȖ ȔȖȎȕȖ țșȗȍȚȤ ȏȈ ȗȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ" Ǩ ȊȍȌȤ ȗȖȘȈ ǪȘȍȔȧ
ȕȍ ȚȍȘȗȐȚ ǹȍȑȟȈș ȌȍȊȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȚȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȓ ǩȥȓȓț șȖȉȐȘȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȗțȚȤ»
— ǩȥȓȓ ǶȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȑȚȍșȤ — ȗȘȖȏȊțȟȈȓ ȔȍȚȈȓȓȐȟȍșȒȐȑ ȋȖ-
ȓȖș ȅȓȐȈșȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ

100
XXV
dzȇdz ǼDzǻǮ ǽǼǽȉȀǸǮ
ȅȌȐ ȕȈ ȊȖȗȘȖșȣ ȊȘȈȟȈ ȕȍ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓȈ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ Ǭȓȧ ȕȍȍ
Ȋșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȉȍȏȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȖ
«ǿȚȖ ȍȔț ȕțȎȕȖ" ǽȖȘȖȕȐȚȤ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ǪȏȌȖȘ ǵȈȌȖ Ȗȉ-
ȌțȔȈȚȤ»
ȅȌȐ ȉȍșȗȖȔȖȡȕȖ ȖȋȓȧȕțȓȈșȤ
Ǫ ȖȒȕȍ ȊȍșȍȓȖ ȐȋȘȈȓȐ ȓțȟȐ ȈȊȋțșȚȖȊșȒȖȋȖ șȖȓȕȞȈ Ǵț-
ȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȣȑ ȊȖȏȌțȝ ȉȓȍșȚȍȓ șȚȈȓȤȕȖȑ șȐȕȍȊȖȑ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȏȈȒȘȣȚȣȍ ȌȊȍȘȐ Ȑ ȖȒȕȈ ȌȖȕȖșȐȓȐșȤ ȏȊțȒȐ Țȧȋț-
ȟȍȋȖ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈ
ǰȘȍȉȖ șȚȈȘȣȑ ȧȋȕȖȉ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȍȎȍȌȕȍȊȕȖ Ȋ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȘȈș-
șȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ ȊȕțȟȒȍ Ȗ ȉȣȓȖȔ ȊȍȓȐȟȐȐ ȕȈȘȖȌȈ ȧȋȕȖȉȖȊ
Ǫ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȊȖȠȍȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ǭȋȖ ȗȖȘȈȏȐȓȐ ȗȖȓțȏȈȒȘȣȚȣȍ
ȋȓȈȏȈ ȅȌȐ
ǶȕȈ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȈ ȍȋȖ ǶȕȈ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȍȋȖ ǰ Ȋșȍ-
ȚȈȒȐ ȖȕȈ șȐȌȐȚ ȕȍȗȖȌȊȐȎȕȖ Ȑ ȔȖȓȟȐȚ ǭȑ ȕȍȟȍȋȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ
— ȅȌȐ Ȓ ȟȍȔț ȚȈȒȖȍ șȈȔȖȉȐȟȍȊȈȕȐȍ" ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ Ȋ
Ȑȕȣȝ ȜȖȘȔȈȝ ȊȣȘȈȏȐȚȤ șȊȖȦ șȒȖȘȉȤ"
— ǿȚȖ ȖȏȕȈȟȈȍȚ șȔȍȘȚȤ" — ȒȈȒ-ȚȖ ȕȍ Ȋ ȚȖȕ șȗȘȖșȐȓȈ
ȊȌȘțȋ ȅȌȐ
— Ǫ ȔȐȘȍ ȔȍȕȤȠȍ șȚȈȓȖ ȖȌȕȐȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ǸȈȏȊȍ ȥȚȖ ȔȖ-
ȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȗȖȊȖȌȖȔ Ȍȓȧ țȚȘȈȚȣ ȞȍȓȐ Ȋ ȎȐȏȕȐ" ȅȌȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ ȉȣȓ
ȞȍȓȤȕȣȔ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȖȔ ǬȍȓȖ Ȋ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ ȏȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȥ Ȗȕ
țȔȍȘ ȎȐȊȖ ǰ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ǵȍȚ — ȉȍȏțșȓȖȊȕȖ ȅȚȖ ȌȍȓȖ
ȎȌȍȚ ȊȈș ȚȈȒȎȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ Ȕȍȕȧ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȕȍ ȉȣȓ ȖȘȈȚȖȘȖȔ ǭȋȖ ȗȘȖșȚȣȍ șȓȖȊȈ Ȋ ȌȘțȋȖȑ
ȖȉșȚȈȕȖȊȒȍ Ȋ ȌȘțȋȖȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȘȖȠȓȐ ȉȣ ȉȣȚȤ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȕȍȏȈ-
ȔȍȟȍȕȕȣȔȐ ȏȈȚȍȘȧȓȐșȤ ȉȣ șȘȍȌȐ ȔȍȓȖȟȍȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ
ǹȍȑȟȈș Ȋ Țț ȔȐȕțȚț ȒȖȋȌȈ ȅȌȐ ȎȐȓȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȔȣșȓȧȔȐ Ȗ
Ǭțȕȉȍȍ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȍ Ȗ șȓȖȊȈȝ șȒȈȏȈȕȕȣȝ Ȋ ȏȈȊȍȚȕȣȑ ȊȍȟȍȘ
— Ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ ȟȈșȣ ȎȐȏȕȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ — șȚȈȓȖ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȍ ȗȘȐȏȣ-
ȊȖȔ Ȑ ȍȍ ȕȍțȌȍȘȎȐȔȖ ȗȖȚȧȕțȓȖ ȕȈ țȓȐȞț ȟȚȖȉȣ ȏȈȒȘȐ-
ȟȈȚȤ
— ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȋȘȖȏȐȚ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȍȑȠȈȧ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ

101
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȕȖȊȈ ȏȈȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ — Ȗ ȉțȌțȡȍȔ ȟȍ-
ȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ǭȋȖ ȘȍȟȤ ȏȊțȟȈȓȈ țȉȍȌȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȗȕ ȉȣȓ ȊȖȖȌț-
ȠȍȊȓȍȕ
— ǾȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȐȏȔȍȘȧȍȚșȧ ȕȍ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ
ȗȍȘȍȎȐȊȈȕȐȧȔȐ ǵțȎȕȣ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ȈȒȚȐȊȕȖȍ ȊȔȍȠȈȚȍȓȤșȚ-
ȊȖ Ȋ ȖȒȘțȎȈȦȡȐȍ ȕȈș țșȓȖȊȐȧ ȐȕȈȟȍ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ȟȈșȚȐȞȈ ȕȐ-
ȟȚȖȎȕȈȧ ȟȈșȚȐȞȈ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȓȓȍȒȚȐȊȈ șȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ șȖȊȍȘ-
ȠȍȕȕȖ ȕȍȕțȎȕȣȔ Ȍȓȧ ȞȍȓȖȋȖ ǵțȎȕȖ ȓȐ șȒȖȘȉȍȚȤ ȗȖ țȠȍȌ-
ȠȍȔ" ǵțȎȕȖ ǵȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ Ȋ ȖȗȘȍȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȘȈȔȒȈȝ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ
Ȋ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȜȖȘȔȈȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȖȚȐȊȖȘȍȟȈȚ șȔȣșȓț șțȡȍ-
șȚȊȖȊȈȕȐȧ Ȋ ȜȖȘȔȈȝ ȋȈȘȔȖȕȐȘțȦȡȐȝ șȖȏȊțȟȕȣȝ ș Ȗȉȡȍȑ
ȞȍȓȤȦ ȒȖȓȓȍȒȚȐȊȈ ǰ ȘȈȏȊȍ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȕȈȑȚȐ țȌȖȊȓȍȚȊȖȘȍȕȐȍ Ȋ
ȖȉȡȍȔ Ȍȍȓȍ"
Ƕȕ ȏȈȘȈȏȐȓ ȌȍȊțȠȒț șȊȖȐȔ ȗȈȜȖșȖȔ ǶȕȈ șȓțȠȈȓȈ ȍȋȖ
șȖ Ȋșȍ ȊȖȏȘȈșȚȈȊȠȐȔ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍȔ
ǪȗȍȘȊȣȍ Ȋ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȖȕȈ ȏȈȌțȔȈȓȈșȤ ȕȈȌ ȖșȕȖȊȕȣȔ ȊȖȗȘȖ-
șȖȔ ȉȣȚȐȧ Ȗ șȔȣșȓȍ ȎȐȏȕȐ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
ȅȌȐ ȗȘȐȊȣȒȓȈ șȚȖȐȟȍșȒȐ ȖȚȕȖșȐȚȤșȧ ȒȖ ȊșȍȔț ȟȚȖ ș ȕȍȑ
șȓțȟȈȓȖșȤ ǶȕȈ ȓȍȋȒȖ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȓȈ ȘȈȏȘȣȊ ș ȖȚȞȖȔ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ
ȐȕșȚȐȕȒȚȐȊȕȖ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ Ȑȝ ȗțȚȐ ȉȍșȗȖȊȖȘȖȚȕȖ ȘȈȏȖ-
ȠȓȐșȤ ǵȖ șȍȑȟȈș ȕȈȌȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȍȠȈȚȤ ȍȡȍ ȉȖȓȍȍ ȊȈȎȕȣȑ ȊȖ-
ȗȘȖș
«ǬȈ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȌȘțȋȖȋȖ ȗțȚȐ ȕȍȚ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȘȈȊ».
ȅȌȐ ȌȍȘȎȈȓȈșȤ ȊȍȓȐȒȖȓȍȗȕȖ ǺȍȓȖ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȗȖ ȍȍ ȎȍȓȈ-
ȕȐȦ ȉȣȓȖ șȖȎȎȍȕȖ
ǶȕȈ ȏȈȌțȔȟȐȊȖ ȠȓȈ ȘȧȌȖȔ ș ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȣȔ Ȋ ȒȘȍȔȈȚȖȘȐȑ
ǭȍ ȖȝȊȈȚȐȓȖ ȒȈȒȖȍ-ȚȖ șȊȖȍȖȉȘȈȏȕȖȍ ȟțȊșȚȊȖ ǶȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȒȈȒ-
ȚȖ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ șȌȍȘȎȈȕȕȈ ȌȈȎȍ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȉȍȏțȟȈșȚȕȈ
— ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȧ ȗȘȐșȚțȗȈȦ Ȓ ȘȈȉȖȚȍ — șȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȖȕȈ șȗȖȒȖȑ-
ȕȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊț ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȐ ȊȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ Ȑȏ ȒȘȍȔȈȚȖȘȐȧ. — ǵȍȚ
ȕȍ șȖȊșȍȔ ȚȈȒ Ȕȕȍ ȝȖȚȍȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȕȍȗȖșȘȍȌșȚȊȍȕȕȖȍ
țȟȈșȚȐȍ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Ȋ ȚȖȔ Ȍȍȓȍ ȏȈ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȗȖȋȐȉ — ȍȍ ȋȖȓȖș
ȌȘȖȋȕțȓ — ǬȎȖȕȕȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȑ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȔȖȓȟȈȓ Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȓ ȟȚȖ șȒȈȏȈȚȤ ȅȌȐ ǵȖ ȗȖȚȖȔ
ȘȍȠȐȓșȧ

102
— Ǵȣ ȍȡȍ ȚȖȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȏȕȈȍȔ ȒȈȒȈȧ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȤ ȋȘȖ-
ȏȐȚ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǷȘȈȊȌȈ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȕȈȠȐȔ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȍȕȐȧȔ ȕȈȔ
ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȊȈȠ ȖȚȍȞ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȅȓȐȈșț ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ș ȗȖȔȖ-
ȡȤȦ ȚȍȓȓȐȚȈ ȏȈȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ȊȍșȤ ȔȐȘ DzȈȒȐȔ ȗțȚȍȔ Ȗȕ ȗȘȍȌȗȖ-
ȓȈȋȈȍȚ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȐȚȤ ȥȚȖȚ ȗȓȈȕ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș ȗȖȒȈ ȕȍȘȈȏȘȍȠȐȔȈȧ
ȏȈȋȈȌȒȈ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ șȟȐȚȈȓ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȔ ȗȖȌȍȓȐȚȤșȧ ș ȅȌȐ ȊșȍȔ
ȟȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȍȔț ȉȣȓȖ ȐȏȊȍșȚȕȖ ǰ Ȗȕ ȕȍ țȔȖȓȟȈȓ ȕȐ Ȗ ȔȈ-
ȓȍȑȠȍȑ ȗȖȌȘȖȉȕȖșȚȐ Ȋ ȗȍȘȍȋȖȊȖȘȈȝ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ș ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȖȔ ǷȖȏȕȈȒȖȔȐȓ ȍȍ ș ȔȍȚȖȌȈȔȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ȇ ȓȐȟȕȖ ȗȘȐȌȈȦ ȔȈȓȖ ȏȕȈȟȍȕȐȧ ȗȓȈȕț ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȑ țȉȍ-
ȎȌȍȕ ȟȚȖ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȘȐȔȍȕȍȕȐȍ ȚȘȈȕșȜȖȘȔȈȚȖȘȖȊ ȕȍ ȌȈșȚ ȐȔ
ȘȍȠȈȦȡȍȋȖ ȗȍȘȍȊȍșȈ
ȅȌȐ ȖȚȕȍșȓȈșȤ Ȓ șȖȖȉȡȍȕȐȦ ȋȖȘȈȏȌȖ șȍȘȤȍȏȕȍȍ ȟȍȔ ȥȚȖ-
ȋȖ ȖȎȐȌȈȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ
ǶȕȈ ȋȖȘȍȓȈ ȕȍȋȖȌȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ Ȑ ȕȍȕȈȊȐșȚȤȦ
— Ǵȣ ȌȖȓȎȕȣ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȖȊȍȘȐȚȤ ȉțȔȈȋȐ Ȑ ȟȍȘȚȍ-
ȎȐ ǬȎȖȕȕȐ ȇ țȊȍȘȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ șȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ Ȕȣ ȕȈȑȌȍȔ ȕȈȊȖȌȧ-
ȡȐȍ ȕȐȚȐ ǪȍȌȤ Ȗȕ ȉȣȓ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȐȔ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒȖȔ — ȖȕȈ
ȕȍ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓȈ ȍȑ ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȣȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ șȓȖȊȖ — «ȖȚȞȈ».
ǹȝȊȈȚȐȊ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȏȈ ȘțȒț ȖȕȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ȒȊȈȘȚȐȘȍ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ
Ǫ ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚȍ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȕȍ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȒȓȖȟȒȈ ȉțȔȈ-
ȋȐ ǪȣȧșȕȐȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ Ȋ ȌȍȕȤ ȖȚȢȍȏȌȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȍȡȍ ȗȘȐ
ȎȐȏȕȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȗȘȐȝȖȌȐȓ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓ Ȑ ȗȖȌ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȓȖȋȖȔ ȗȖȌȋȖȚȖȊȒȐ Ȍȓȧ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȍȕȐȧ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȌȖȔȖȑ ȖȟȐșȚȐȓ
ȒȈȉȐȕȍȚ ȖȚ «ȓȐȠȕȍȑ ȔȍȉȍȓȐ».
DzȐȕțȓȐșȤ ȘȈȏȣșȒȐȊȈȚȤ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓȈ
ǵȈ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȐ ȒȖȕȞȍșșȐȐ ȍȋȖ ȕȍ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ
ȅȌȐ ȕȍ ȚȍȘȧȓȈ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȐȧ ȌțȝȈ ǶȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓȈ ȕȍ-
ȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ șȊȧȏȈȚȤșȧ ș ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȖȔ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ Ȑ ȗȖșȖȊȍ-
ȚȖȊȈȚȤșȧ ș DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȖȔ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓ ȕȍ ȔȖȋ ȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ȗȘȍȌȍȓȖȊ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț șȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȖ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȚȤșȧ ȖȘȋȈȕȐȏȖȊȈȚȤ șȗȍ-
ȠȕțȦ ȗȖȋȖȕȦ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȉȣȓ ȊȖșȝȐȡȍȕ ȥȕȍȘȋȐȍȑ ȅȌȐ Ƕȕ ȒȘȍȗȒȖ ȗȖȎȈȓ
ȍȍ ȘțȒț Ȑ ȖȕȐ șȕȖȊȈ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓȐșȤ ȕȈ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȦ
ǴȍȘȣ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȣ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȖȌȖȉȘȐȓ ȐȌȍȦ ȅȌȐ

ǬȍȊțȠȒȈ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ș ȊȖȓȕȍȕȐȍȔ ȎȌȈȓȐ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȖȊ
Ǫșȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ǵȍșȔȖȚȘȧ ȕȈ ȚȡȈȚȍȓȤȕȍȑȠȐȍ ȘȖ-
ȏȣșȒȐ DzȐȕȋțȥȓȓȈ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȈȑȚȐ
ȅȌȐ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍțȚȖȔȐȔȈ ǶȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȓȈȋȈȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȗȓȈȕȣ
Ȑ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȗȘȐȉȍȋȕțȚȤ Ȓ ȝȐȚȘȖșȚȐ Ȋ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȑ ȉȖȘȤȉȍ
ǭȍ ȗȓȈȕ șȖșȚȖȧȓ Ȋ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ ȊȍȘȕȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȖȚȞț ȘȈȏȣȋ-
ȘȈȍȚ șȞȍȕț ȗȘȐȔȐȘȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȍȚșȧ ȏȈȊȓȈȌȍȚȤ ȟȍȘȚȍȎȈȔȐ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ ȖȚȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȌȈȚȤ șȊȖȍ șȖȋȓȈșȐȍ ȕȈ
ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȗȓȈȕȈ
— ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȉțȌȍȚ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȍȕ Ȋ
ȝȘȈȕȍȕȐȐ ȟȍȘȚȍȎȍȑ Ȑ ȊȘȧȌ ȓȐ ȔȖȎȕȖ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȚȤ ȕȈ țș-
ȗȍȝ ȚȈȒȖȋȖ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ȗȕ, ȗȖȚț-
ȗȧșȤ — ȕȈȔ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȖȚȗțșȒȈȚȤ ȊȈș ȕȈ ȚȈȒȖȍ ȘȐșȒȖȊȈȕȕȖȍ
ȌȍȓȖ
— ǰ Ȕȕȍ ȉțȌȍȚ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȉȍȏ ȊȈș ȇ ȉȣ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȟȐȚȈȓȈ
ȊȔȍșȚȍ ȉȖȘȖȚȤșȧ Ȑ ȍșȓȐ ȕțȎȕȖ ȊȔȍșȚȍ țȔȍȘȍȚȤ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȧ
Ȋșȍ-ȚȈȒȐ ȖȉȧȏȈȕȈ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȚȤșȧ

104
XXVI
ǰǿȀǾdzȅǮ
dzȈȏțȘȕȈȧ ȋȓȈȌȤ ǨȚȓȈȕȚȐȟȍșȒȖȋȖ ȖȒȍȈȕȈ ȗȘȐȊȍȚȓȐȊȖ ȓȈș-
ȒȈȓȈ ȋȓȈȏȈ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ Ȑ ȋȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȖȊ
ǷȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖȍ șȖȓȕȍȟȕȖȍ țȚȘȖ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ȌȣȠȈȓȖ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ
ȖșȖȉȖȑ ȗȘȍȓȍșȚȤȦ ȕȈ ȥȒȘȈȕȍ
ǷȘȐȟțȌȓȐȊȣȍ ȜȖȘȔȣ șȒȈȓ ǵȤȦȜȈțȕȌȓȍȕȌȈ ȟȍȚȒȖ ȖȉȘȐ-
șȖȊȣȊȈȊȠȐȝșȧ Ȋ șȊȍȚȓȖȔ ȗȧȚȕȍ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȔȖȋȓȐ ȉȣ ȗȘȐȊȍ-
șȚȐ Ȋ ȊȖșȚȖȘȋ ȓȦȉȖȋȖ ȕȈȚțȘȈȓȐșȚȈ — ȓȦȉȐȚȍȓȧ ȗȘȐȘȖȌȣ
Ǫșȍ Ȏȍ Ȋ ȔȈȓȍȕȤȒȖȔ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ ȞȈȘȐȓȖ ȚȧȎȍȓȖȍ
ȔȕȖȋȖȋȖȊȖȘȧȡȍȍ ȔȖȓȟȈȕȐȍ
ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȏȊțȟȈȓ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ǩȥȓȓ ǶȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȑȚȍșȤ
ǷȍȘȍȊȍșȚȐ ȗȘȐȍȔȖȟȕȣȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȕȈ ǵȤȦȜȈțȕȌȓȍȕȌ ȉȣ-
ȓȖ ȌȍȓȖȔ șȍȒțȕȌȣ
ǰ ȓȐȠȤ șȗțșȚȧ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȈșȖȊ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȗȘȐȏȕȈȓșȧ ȟȚȖ
Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȓ ȕȐ ȒȘȈșȖȚȣ ȗȘȐȘȖȌȣ ȊȗȍȘȊȣȍ țȊȐȌȍȕȕȖȋȖ
ȐȔ — ȕȈ ȥȒȘȈȕȍ — ȒȘȈȧ ȕȐ ȉȖȌȘȧȡȍȋȖ șȐȧȕȐȧ șȖȓȕȍȟȕȣȝ ȓț-
ȟȍȑ Ƕȕ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȖȊȈȊȠȐȍ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ȊȐȌȍȓ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȕȖ — ȗȓȈȊȕȖȍ ȗȈȘȍȕȐȍ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȉȓȍșȚȧȡȐȝ ȒȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȝ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ
ǼȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȊȣșȚȘȖȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȣȑ ȚȘȍțȋȖȓȤȕȐȒ
ȉȣșȚȘȖ șȒȘȣȓȈșȤ Ȑȏ ȊȐȌț
ǺȈȒȐȔ Ȏȍ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȖȔ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȈ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȒȈ ȕȖȊȖȑ ȋȘțȗ-
ȗȣ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ șȖșȚȖȧȡȍȑ Ȑȏ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȊȖșȤȔȐ ȉȖȍȊȣȝ ȍȌȐ-
ȕȐȞ ȋȘțȎȍȕȕȣȝ ȉȖȔȉȈȔȐ ȗȘȐȟȍȔ ȕȐ ȖȌȐȕ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ ȕȍ ȐȔȍȓ
ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ ȉȖȘȚț ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
ǵȈ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȐ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȏȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȧȚȐșȖȚ ȔȍȚȘȖȊ ȏȈ ȥȚȖȑ
ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȍȑ ȗȓȣȓ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȑ ȌȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȤ
Ǫ ȋȖȕȌȖȓȍ ȌȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȧ ȘȈȏȔȍșȚȐȓȖșȤ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȐ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ ǹȘȍȌȐ ȕȐȝ ȊȈȎȕȖ ȘȈșȝȈȎȐȊȈȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȠȚȈȉȈ
ȖȌȍȚȣȑ Ȋ ȕȖȊȣȑ ș ȐȋȖȓȖȟȒȐ ȒȖșȚȦȔ Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ Ȋ ȌȍȊȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓȈșȤ
ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȧȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ șȖșȚȖȧȡȈȧ Ȑȏ ȚȘȐȌȞȈȚȐ ȊȖșȤȔȐ șȈȔȖ-
ȓȍȚȖȊ

105
Ǫ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȟȈșȖȊ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜ ȉȍȏȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓ
dzȐȠȤ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȟȈșȈ Ȍȕȧ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕ-
ȞȐȐ ȐȔȍȊȠȍȑșȧ ȕȈ șȓțȟȈȑȕȖ ȖȒȈȏȈȊȠȍȔșȧ Ȋ ȗțȚȐ ȗȈȘȖȝȖ-
Ȍȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ȕȈ ȔȐȋ ȗȘȖșȓȍȌȐȚȤ ȗȖȓȍȚ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ȠȓȐ Ȋ ȗȘȍȎȕȍȔ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ
ǴȖȚȖȘȣ Ȑȝ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȓȐ ȉȍȏțȒȖȘȐȏȕȍȕȕȖ
— ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȗȍȘȊȈȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȚșȧ ț ȏȈȗȈȌȕȣȝ
ȉȍȘȍȋȖȊ ǨȕȋȓȐȐ Ȑ ȘȈȏȌȍȓȐȚșȧ ȕȈ ȗȧȚȤ ȋȘțȗȗ — șȒȈȏȈȓ Ǻȍ-
ȘȍȝȖȊ ȒȈȒ ȉȣ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧșȤ Ȓ șȈȔȖȔț șȍȉȍ
— ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș — ȋȓțȝȖ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȧȓȐ ȍȋȖ șȓȖȊȈ șȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȍ-
șȧ
— ǫȌȍ Ȏȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ" ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ Ȕȣ șȌȈȌȐȔșȧ
ȉȍȏ ȉȖȧ"
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȕȍȊȖȓȤȕȖ șȎȈȓ ȒțȓȈȒȐ
— ǵȍ șȌȈȌȐȔșȧ
ǵȖ ȚȧȋȖșȚȕȖȍ șȖȏȕȈȕȐȍ ȉȍșȗȖȔȖȡȕȖșȚȐ ȊȓȈșȚȕȖ ȘȈȏȎȈ-
ȓȖ ȗȈȓȤȞȣ Ȑ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȋ ȐȏȕȍȔȖȎȍȕȐȐ ȖȗțșȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȒȘȍșȓȖ
— Ǫșȍ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ
ǰȏ ȔȘȈȟȕȖȋȖ ȖȞȍȗȍȕȍȕȐȧ ȍȋȖ ȊȣȊȍȓȖ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖȍ ȊȖșȒȓȐ-
ȞȈȕȐȍ ȔȓȈȌȠȍȋȖ ȒȘȈșȒȖȔȈ
— ǬȈȘȔȠȚȈȌȚ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȍȚ
— ǫȌȍ" ǿȚȖ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȕȕȖ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
— ǺȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȖȓțȟȍȕȈ ȘȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔȔȈ Ȑȏ ǬȈȘȔȠȚȈȌȚȈ
«Ǵȣ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ» ǺȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȈ ȗȖȌȗȐșȈȕȈ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȖȔ — șȒȈ-
ȏȈȓ ȒȘȈșȒȖȔ.
ǬȍȎțȘȕȣȑ șȓțȠȈȚȍȓȤ ȋȍȕȍȘȈȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȑ-
șȧ ȕȍȖȚȓțȟȕȖ ț ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜȈ țȎȍ țșȗȍȓ ȊȒȓȦȟȐȚȤ Ȋ ȗȘȐȍ-
ȔȖȟȕȣȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ǬȈȘȔȠȚȈȌȚ
ǰ ȊȖȚ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ȗȖȧȊȐȓșȧ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȒȖ-
Ȕȣȑ ȍȔț ȋȖȘȖȌ ș ȗȘȈȊȐȓȤȕȣȔȐ țȓȐȞȈȔȐ ȋȌȍ Ȗȕ ȒȖȋȌȈ-ȚȖ
șȚȈȎȐȘȖȊȈȓ<cȧ> ȕȈ ȝȐȔȐȟȍșȒȐȝ ȏȈȊȖȌȈȝ
ǫȖȘȖȌ ȉȣȓ ȕȍțȏȕȈȊȈȍȔ
Ƕȕ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȚȐȓșȧ Ȋ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȑ ȓȈȋȍȘȤ ǵȈȌ ȕȐȔ ȒȘțȎȐȓȐșȤ
ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȌȍșȧȚȒȖȊ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ș ȋȖȘȌȖ ȘȈȏȊȍȊȈȦȡȐȔȐșȧ ȒȘȈș-
ȕȣȔȐ ȜȓȈȋȈȔȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǹȚȘȈȕȕȖ ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ — ȊȖȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȖȉȘȈȏȞȈ ǵȖ ȖȕȐ Ȋșȍ ȉȍȏ
ȊșȧȒȖȋȖ ȖȘțȎȐȧ ǵȈ ȕȐȝ ȕȍȚ ȕȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ ȖȉșȓțȎȐ-
ȊȈȦȡȍȑ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȣ ǵȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȗțȓȍȔȍȚȈ ǵȐ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȊȐȕȚȖȊ-

106
ȒȐ ǵȐ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȉȖȔȉȖȔȍȚȈ Ǩ ȥȚȖ ȟȚȖ ȚȈȒȖȍ" ǹȏȈȌȐ Ȑ ȕȈ
ȔȍșȚȍ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ șȐȌȍȕȤȧ ȓȍȚȟȐȒȖȊ Ȓ ȒȈȎȌȖȔț ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕț
ȗȘȐȒȘȍȗȓȍȕ ȒȈȒȖȑ - ȚȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȊȕȐȔȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȗȘȐȋȓȧȌȍȓșȧ ǨȗȗȈȘȈȚ șȖșȚȖȧȓ Ȑȏ
ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȖȋȖ ȧȡȐȒȈ ș ȌȊțȔȧ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝțȋȖȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȊȣȊȖȌȕȣ-
ȔȐ ȚȘțȉȈȔȐ ȕȈȗȖȔȐȕȈȦȡȐȔȐ ȗȘȐȔȐȚȐȊȕȣȍ ȌȣȔȖȝȖȌȕȣȍ
ȚȘțȉȣ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ — ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȥȚȖ șȘȈȏț șȖȖȉȘȈȏȐȓ — țȗȘȈȊȓȧ-
ȓȐșȤ ș ȗȖȔȖȡȤȦ ȘȈȌȐȖȊȖȓȕ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț șȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ȊȣșȚȘȖȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȠȍȘȍȕȋț
ǷȖȧȊȐȓșȧ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȘșȒȐȑ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȧȡȐȑ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ
Ǫ ȕȍȔ șȐȌȍȓȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ȑ ȚȘȐ ȒȘȈșȕȣȝ ȒȖȔȈȕ-
ȌȐȘȈ
— ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȝ șȐȓ — ȊȣȘȊȈȓȖșȤ ȊȖșȒȓȐȞȈȕȐȍ
Ȑȏ țșȚ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȋȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȈ
DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȉȣȓ șțȔȘȈȟȕȖ-șȍȘȤȍȏȍȕ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊȍșȍȓȖ ȖȋȓȧȌȣȊȈȓșȧ ȊȖȒȘțȋ Ȑ ȖȎȐȊȓȍȕȕȖ Ȏȍș-
ȚȐȒțȓȐȘțȧ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ ȟȚȖ-ȚȖ șȊȖȍȔț șȖșȍȌț
Ƕ ȟȍȔ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ Ȗȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȕȍȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈȏȖȉȘȈȚȤ
ǴȍȠȈȓȖ ȎțȎȎȈȕȐȍ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ǶȌȕȈȒȖ șțȌȧ ȗȖ ȎȍșȚȈȔ ȕȍ-
ȚȘțȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȖȕȧȚȤ ȟȚȖ Ȗȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ Ȗ șȊȖȍȑ ȘȈȕȍ ȕȈ ȓȍȊȖȑ
ȘțȒȍ
ǭȡȍ ȔȐȋ
DzȖȔȈȕȌȖȘșȒȐȑ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ ȋȖȘȌȖ ȊȏȊȐȓșȧ ȊȊȣșȤ Ȑ țșȚȘȍȔȐȓ-
șȧ ȊȌȈȓȤ ȗȖ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ Ȓ ǨȕȋȓȐȐ
ǯȈ ȕȐȔ ȗȖ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȍ — Ȋșȍ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ
ǵȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȔȈȕȍȊȘ Ȑ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȘșȒȐȑ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ ȖȟțȚȐȓșȧ
ȗȖȏȈȌȐ ȉȖȍȊȖȑ ȓȐȕȐȐ Ȋșȍȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊț ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȘȈșȗȖȓȖȎȍȕȕȈȧ ȕȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȍ ȘȈ-
ȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȧ ȌȖșȚȈȚȖȟȕȖ ȔȖȡȕȈ Ȍȓȧ ȘȈȉȖȚȣ ȜȐȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈ-
ȜȈ Ȑ ȊȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȗȖȓȍȚȈ
ǶșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȧ ȘȍȋțȓȧȚȖȘ ȕȈ Ȋșȍ țȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȦȡȍȍ-
șȧ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ș ȘȈȌȖșȚȤȦ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ
ȥȚȖȑ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ Ȗȕ șȚȈȓ ȕȍȏȘȐȔȣȔ șȗțȚȕȐȒȖȔ ȜȓȖȚȐ-
ȓȐȐ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǺȘȐȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȚȖȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȖȎȐȌȈȕȐȧ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȍ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȐșȤ ȖȟȍȘȚȈȕȐȧ ȏȈȗȈȌȕȣȝ
ȉȍȘȍȋȖȊ ǼȘȈȕȞȐȐ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ǨȕȋȓȐȧ

ǭȡȍ ȟȍȚȊȍȘȚȤ ȟȈșȈ Ȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȗȘȐȉȣȓȈ Ȓ ȔȍșȚț ȋȌȍ
ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓȈșȤ ȗȍȘȊȈȧ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȒȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ țșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ ȟȚȖ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐ — șȚȈȘȖȋȖ ȚȐȗȈ Ȑ ȗȖșȚȘȖȍȕȣ Ȑȏ ȖȉȣȟȕȖȋȖ ȔȈȚȍȘȐȈȓȈ
ȈȓȦȔȐȕȐȧ Ȑ șȚȈȓȐ
Ǫ ȌȊȈ ȟȈșȈ ȗȧȚȕȈȌȞȈȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ Ȍȕȧ ȊȌȈȓȐ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȐșȤ șȊȍȘ-
ȒȈȦȡȐȍ ȒȈȒ ȖȋȘȖȔȕȣȍ ȉȘȐȓȓȐȈȕȚȣ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȍ ȈȥȘȖ-
ȗȓȈȕȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǶȕȐ ȠȓȐ șȗȓȖȠȕȖȑ ȓȐȕȐȍȑ ȏȈȕȐȔȈȧ șȘȈȊȕȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȍ-
ȉȖȓȤȠȖȍ ȗȘȖșȚȘȈȕșȚȊȖ
ǪȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȉȣȓ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕ ǩȥȓȓȈ
ǸȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȔȍȎȌț ȌȊțȔȧ ȥșȒȈȌȘȐȓȤȧȔȐ ȍȎȍșȍȒțȕȌȕȖ
țȔȍȕȤȠȈȓȖșȤ ǰ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȖ șȖșȚȈȊȓȧȓȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
ȒȐȓȖȔȍȚȘȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȕȈȟȈȓ șȐȋȕȈȓȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȚȤ
«ǶșȚȈȕȖȊȐȚȍșȤ»
ǩȥȓȓ ȕȈ ȔȐȕțȚț ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓ șȊȖȦ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȦ
«ǷȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȚȍ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ ǵȍ ȕțȎȕȖ ȗȘȖȓȐȊȈȚȤ
ȒȘȖȊȐ»
ǩȥȓȓ ȗȘȐȒȈȏȈȓ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȚȤ ȗțȚȤ Ƕȕ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ȖȌȕȖșȓȖȊ-
ȕȖ
«ǹȌȈȊȈȑȚȍșȤ»
ǸȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȔȍȎȌț ȓȐȕȐȧȔȐ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ șȖȒȘȈȚȐȓȖșȤ ȌȖ
ȗȧȚȐșȖȚ ȔȍȚȘȖȊ
«ǵȐȒȖȋȌȈ»
ǶȌȕȖȊȘȍȔȍȕȕȖ ș ȖȚȌȈȟȍȑ ȥȚȖȋȖ șȐȋȕȈȓȈ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȈȧ ȜȓȖ-
ȚȐȓȐȧ șȖȔȒȕțȓȈșȤ Ȋ șȗȓȖȠȕțȦ ȞȍȗȤ Ȑ Ȑȏ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝțȋȖȓȤȕȣȝ
ȚȘțȉ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȣȝ ȧȡȐȒȖȊ ȗȘȐȒȘȍȗȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȕȈ ȔȍșȚȍ ȓȍȚȟȐ-
ȒȖȊ ș ȠȐȗȍȕȐȍȔ Ȑ ȠțȔȖȔ ȊȣȘȊȈȓȐșȤ ȋțșȚȣȍ Ȓȓțȉȣ ȉȍȓȖ-
ȊȈȚȖȋȖ ȌȣȔȈ
ǵȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȊȈȊȠȍȍșȧ ȖȉȓȈȒȖ ȏȈșȚȓȈȓȖ ȕȍȗȘȖȕȐ-
ȞȈȍȔȖȑ Ȍȓȧ ȋȓȈȏ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ ȏȈȊȍșȖȑ ȉȖȍȊțȦ ȓȐȕȐȦ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊ-
șȒȐȝ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ
ǭȡȍ ȔȐȋ — Ȑ ȕȍ șȚȈȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ Ȑ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǹȊȍȚȓȖȍ ȗȧȚȕȖ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȏȈȗȖȓȕȍȕȕȖȍ ȋțșȚȣȔȐ ȗȈȘȈȔȐ
șȊȐȌȍȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖ Ȗ ȚȖȔ ȟȚȖ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȧ ȕȈȝȖȌȧȡȈȧșȧ
ȕȈ ȉȖȘȚț șȈȔȖȓȍȚȈ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȌȍȑșȚȊțȍȚ

108
XXVII
ȀǮǷǻǮ ǿǼǸǼǹǼǰǮ
ǭȡȍ ȔȐȕțȚȈ Ȑ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ȗȖșȓȣȠȈȓșȧ șȊȖȍȖȉȘȈȏȕȣȑ ȚȘȍșȒ
șȓȖȔȈȕȕȖȑ ȗȖșțȌȣ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȑ Ȋșȍ ȒȘȈșȕȣȍ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȐȘȣ ȖȉȍȘȕțȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȗȘȐȕȧ-
ȓȐșȤ ȘȈșșȔȈȚȘȐȊȈȚȤ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȐȑ țȋȖȓ ȏȈȓȈ, ȎȍȓȈȧ țȏȕȈȚȤ ȟȚȖ
ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȓȖȗȕțȓȖ
Ǫșȍ Ȋ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȔȖȓȟȈ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓ ȕȈ ȥȒȘȈȕ ǪȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ ȕȍ ȗȖȏȊȖȓȧ-
ȓȖ ȍȔț ȊȣȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ȕȐ șȓȖȊȈ
ǸȍȏȒȐȍ ȚȘȍșȒȐ țȟȈșȚȐȓȐșȤ Ȑ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ Ȍȓȧ Ȋșȍȝ ȉȣȓȖ ȧșȕȖ
ȟȚȖ ȐșȚȖȟȕȐȒȖȔ Ȑȝ ȧȊȓȧȍȚșȧ ȥȒȘȈȕ
ǰȏ-ȏȈ ȖȉȓȈȒȖȊ ȉȍȓȖȊȈȚȖȋȖ ȌȣȔȈ ȕȍȓȤȏȧ ȉȣȓȖ ȘȈȏȓȐ-
ȟȐȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȚ ȕȈȌ ȉȍȘȍȋȈȔȐ ǨȕȋȓȐȐ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȗȘȖȧșȕȐȓșȧ
ǷȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ȗȍȘȊȣȑ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ ǵȈ ȕȍȔ ȘȈȏȊȍȊȈȓșȧ ȜȓȈȋ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǪȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȕȍȋȖ ȊȌȈȓȐ ȊȐȌȕȍȓȐșȤ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
«ǨȚȈȒȈ ȖȚȉȐȚȈ» — ȉȣȓȈ ȗȍȘȊȈȧ ȔȣșȓȤ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ
— ǪȏȋȓȧȕȐȚȍ — ȊșȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ȍȋȖ ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȧ ȕȈ
șȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
Ǫșȍ ȗȘȐșȔȖȚȘȍȓȐșȤ
— ȅȚȖ țȎȍ ȊȚȖȘȈȧ ȋȘțȗȗȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ
— Ǩ ȋȌȍ Ȏȍ ȗȍȘȊȈȧ"
ǷȖȌȕȧȊȠȐȑșȧ ȓȍȋȒȐȑ ȊȍȚȍȘȖȒ ȘȈșșȍȧȓ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȍ Ȋȍȕȏȍ-
ȓȧ ȌȣȔȈ Ǫ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ ȗȓȈȊȕȖ ȒȖȓȣȝȈȓȐșȤ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ țȗȘȈȊ-
ȓȧȍȔȣȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȖȔ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȣȔ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȐșȟȍȏȓȐ
ǹȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȍȕȕȖșȚȤ ȓȐȞ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȣ șȖȊȍȚșȒȖȋȖ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȖ-
ȋȖ ȒȖȘȈȉȓȧ ȗȖȊȍȘȋȓȈ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊȈ Ȋ ȖȚȟȈȧȕȐȍ
ǫȓțȉȖȒȈȧ ȌțȔȈ ȓȍȎȈȊȠȈȧ ȕȈ ȓȐȞȍ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒȈ ȊȖȏȌțȠ-
ȕȣȝ șȐȓ ȘȍșȗțȉȓȐȒȐ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȌȊȍȡȈȓȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖȋȖ
ǹȚȘȈȕȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȐȌȍȚȤ ȟȚȖ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȈ ȒȖȘȈȉȓȧ ȕȍ ȖȉȕȈȘț-
ȎȐȓȈ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ ȗȘȍșȓȍȌȖȊȈȚȤ ȐșȟȍȏȕțȊȠȐȍ ȊȘȈȎȍșȒȐȍ șȈȔȖ-
ȓȍȚȣ ǵȈȖȉȖȘȖȚ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȐȍ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ ȉȍșȗȍȟȕȖ — ȗȘȍș-

109
ȚțȗȕȖ ȉȍșȗȍȟȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȥȚȖ ȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ Ȋ ȏȈȓȍ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ — ȉȖȓ-
ȚȈȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȊȖȏȌțȝȍ
ǴȍȎȌț ȚȍȔ Ȓ ȜȘȖȕȚț ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȐȝ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȖȊ Ȋșȍ ȉȓȐ-
Ȏȍ Ȑ ȉȓȐȎȍ ȗȖȌȝȖȌȐȓȈ ȊȚȖȘȈȧ ȋȘțȗȗȈ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȖȑ ȥȒșȗȍȌȐ-
ȞȐȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ șȖșȚȖȧȡȈȧ Ȑȏ ȌȊȈȌȞȈȚȐ ȗȧȚȐ ȉȖȍȊȣȝ ȍȌȐȕȐȞ
ǪȗȍȘȍȌȐ Ƞȍȓ ȌȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȤ
DzȖȋȌȈ ȉȣȓ ȗȍȘȍȔȍȕȍȕ ȗȖȘȧȌȖȒ ȥȚȖȑ ȋȘțȗȗȣ Ȍȓȧ ǺȍȘȍ-
ȝȖȊȈ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȍȑ ȚȈȒ Ȑ ȖșȚȈȓȖșȤ ȕȍȊȣȧșȕȍȕȕȣȔ
DzȈȒ Ȑ ȗȘȐ ȊșȚȘȍȟȍ ș ȗȍȘȊȖȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȍȑ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ Ȑ șȍȑ-
ȟȈș șȐȋȕȈȓȐȏȐȘȖȊȈȓ
«ǷȘȍȒȘȈȚȐȚȍ ȉȍȏțȔȕȣȍ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȧ»
ǬȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȤ ȗȘȖȌȊȐȋȈȓșȧ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȡȈȧ ȕȐȒȈȒȖȋȖ
ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ ȕȍ șȐȋȕȈȓȣ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ǵȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖ-
ȋȖ ȠȚȈȉȈ ȗȘȍȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ țșȔȍȝȕțȊȠȐșȤ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȕȈ ȗȘȍȌȓȖ-
ȎȍȕȐȍ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ ȗȘȧȔȖ ȕȈ ȒȖȔȈȕȌȖȘșȒȐȑ șȈ-
ȔȖȓȍȚ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȖȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ
ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȊȍșȍȓȖ ȔȈȝȕțȓ ȘțȒȖȑ — ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȣȝ
șȐȓ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ dzțȕșȍȕ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓ ȘȍȋțȓȧȚȖȘ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ Ȑ
șȕȖȊȈ ȕȈȟȈȓȈșȤ ȋȈȏȖȊȈȧ ȈȚȈȒȈ Ȑȏ ȌȍȘȍȊȧȕȕȣȝ ȧȡȐȒȖȊ ȍȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȑșȒȐȝ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ Ȑ ȍȋȖ ȚȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ȕȈ ȥȚȖȚ ȘȈȏ șȕȖȊȈ țșȓȣȠȈȓȐ
ȚȘȍșȒ
ǫȈȏȖȊȣȍ ȚțȟȐ ȘȈșșȍȧȓȐșȤ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȒȖȘȖ
ǵȈ ȗȍȘȍȌȕȍȔ ȗȓȈȕȍ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ șȈȔȖȓȍȚ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ
Ǫșȍ șȐȌȧȡȐȍ ȕȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȍ ȗȖȟȍȔț-ȚȖ ȗȘȐșȚȈȓȤȕȖ șȔȖȚȘȍ-
ȓȐ ȊȕȐȏ ȕȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȝȕȖșȚȤ ȔȖȘȧ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚ ȌȍȘȎȈȓșȧ ȕȈ ȏȕȈȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȊȣșȖȚȍ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț Ȋ
ȏȈȓȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȟȚȖ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȒȈȍȚ ȊȏȖȘȣ DzȐșșȖ-
ȊȍȕȈ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȑ dzțȕșȍȕȈ
— ǻȘȈ — ȊȖșȒȓȐȒȕțȓ ȖȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȋȍȕȠȚȈȉȐșȚȖȊ — ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȊ-
șȒȐȝ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȈȚȤ
— ȅȚȖ ȕȍȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ — ȠȍȗȚȈȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȕȈ ȋȖȘȐȏȖȕȚȍ ȕȍ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȕȐ
ȖȌȕȖȋȖ ȔȖȘȋȈȕȖȊșȒȖȋȖ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȈ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȕȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȚȈȒȎȍ Ȑ
ȌȐȘȐȎȈȉȓȧ
ǶȕȐ ȐșȟȍȏȓȐ ȚȈȒ Ȏȍ ȉȍșșȓȍȌȕȖ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȗȍȘȊȈȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȗȍȘȍȌȊȐȕțȓ ȘȍȋțȓȧȚȖȘ ȜȖȕȖȒȐȕȖȋȘȈȜȈ ȊȕȐȏ, Ȓ
ȉȍȘȍȋȈȔ ǷȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȉȓȐȎȈȑȠȈȧ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȧ ǨȥȘȖȗȓȈ-

110
ȕȖȊ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȐȋȌȍ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ
ǷȍȘȍȊȍșȚȐ ȊȖȓȕț ȕȈ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȦ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȕȍ ȗȘȍȌ-
șȚȈȊȓȧȓȖ ȏȈȚȘțȌȕȍȕȐȑ
Ǫ șȊȍȚȓȖȔ ȗȧȚȕȍ ȕȈ șȚȍȕȍ ȖȗȧȚȤ ȗȖȧȊȐȓșȧ șȗȓȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ
ȘȧȌ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȘȍȠȐȓ șȕȍșȚȐșȤ ș ȖȗȍȘȈȚȐȊȕȣȔ ȖȚȌȍȓȖȔ ǭȊȘȈ-
ȏȐȐǸȈȏȋȖȊȖȘ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖȌȐȓ ȗȖ ȚȍȓȍȜȖȕț
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ Ȋșȍ ȟȚȖ ȊȐȌȍȓ
Ǫ ȚȖȕȍ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȧ ȖȗȍȘȈȚȐȊȕȖȋȖ ȖȚȌȍȓȈ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȐ
țȌȐȊȓȍȕȐȧ ȕȐ ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȈ Ƕȕ ȏȈȌȈȓ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȐȕ ȊȖȗȘȖș
— ǹȒȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȘȍȔȍȕȐ ȗȘȖȠȓȖ ȔȍȎȌț ȗȖȧȊȓȍȕȐȍȔ ȗȍȘȊȣȝ
ȋȈȏȖȊȣȝ Țțȟ Ȑ ȚȘȍșȒȖȔ"
— ǺȘȍșȒ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ
— ǷȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖ ǯȕȈȟȐȚ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȗȘȈȊ
— ǿȚȖ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ" — șȗȘȖșȐȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
— ǹȍȑȟȈș ȕȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ ǹȓȍȌȐȚȍ ȏȈ ȗȘȖȐșȝȖ-
ȌȧȡȐȔȐ șȖȉȣȚȐȧȔȐ ǪȍȌȤ ȚȘȍȚȤȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ ȗȘȐȉȣ-
ȓȈ" ǵȍ ȚȈȒ ȓȐ"
—ǬȈǵȖȊȟȍȔȌȍȓȖ"
— ǻȏȕȈȍȚȍ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ Ȏȍ ǴȖȋț șȖȖȉȡȐȚȤ ȊȈȔ ȟȚȖ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ
șȍȑȟȈș țȎȍ Ȋȕȍ ȊșȧȒȖȑ ȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȘȈȏȉȐȚ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȊȖȏȉțȎȌȍȕȕȖ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ șȊȖȑ ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȣȑ ȗȖșȚ
ǺȘȍȚȤȍȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȊȐȌȕȖ
ǷȖȔȖȡȕȐȒ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ ȍȔț ȟȚȖ ȚȘȍȚȤȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ Ȑșȟȍȏ-
ȓȈ ȚȈȒȐȔ Ȏȍ ȚȈȐȕșȚȊȍȕȕȣȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȣȌțȡȐȍ
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ Ȑ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ ȒȈȒ ȕȐ Ȋ ȟȍȔ ȕȍ ȉȣȊȈȓȖ
ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ
ǯȈ ȕȐȔ Ȋ ȉȖȍȊȖȔ ȗȖȘȧȌȒȍ ȠȓȐ ȖșȚȈȓȤȕȣȍ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȐȍ
ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ
«ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ ȐȓȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕ ȕȍ ȌȖȋȈȌȈȦȚșȧ șȖȖȉ-
ȡȐȚȤ ȕȈȔ ȘȍȏțȓȤȚȈȚȣ ȊșȚȘȍȟ ș ȗȘȖȚȐȊȕȐȒȖȔ"» — ȌțȔȈȓ Ǻȍ-
ȘȍȝȖȊ
DzȈȒ ȉȣ Ȋ ȖȚȊȍȚ ȕȈ șȊȖȦ ȔȣșȓȤ, Ȗȕ țșȓȣȠȈȓ ȊȏȊȖȓȕȖ-
ȊȈȕȕȣȑ ȋȖȓȖș ȊȝȖȌȧȡȍȋȖ Ȋ ȏȈȓ ȌȍȎțȘȕȖȋȖ ȘȈȌȐȖȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȜȐ-
șȚȈ
— ǺȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȈ ȖȚ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ

— ǬȈȊȈȑȚȍ șȦȌȈ — ȕȍȘȊȕȖ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȍș ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
ǺȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȖȟȍȕȤ șȓȖȎȕȖȋȖ șȖȌȍȘȎȈȕȐȧ ǶȕȈ ȉȣ-
ȓȈ ȈȌȘȍșȖȊȈȕȈ ȕȍ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊț Ȑ ȗȖȥȚȖȔț ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȓȕȖșȚȤȦ
ȗȘȐȕȧȚȈ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȍȑ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȈ
ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ ȉȣșȚȘȖ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓ ȕȈȗȐșȈȕȕȖȍ Ȑ ș ȗȓȖȝȖ șȒȘȣȚȣȔ
ȉȍșȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȖȔ ȗȘȖȚȧȕțȓ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔț șȊȖȍȔț ȗȖȔȖȡȕȐȒț
ǺȖȚ ȗȘȖȟȍȓ
șț ǴȖ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȣ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȍ-
ȕȐȍ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȗȘȍȌȓȈȋȈȍȔ ȐȕȚȍȘȍșȣ ȟȍȓȖȊȍ-
ȟȍșȚȊȈ ȚȘȍȉțȦȚ ȕțȎȕȣ ȋȈȘȈȕȚȐȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȉțȌȍȚ ȗȖșȚ-
ȘȈȌȈȚȤ ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ǨȔȍ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ
ȔȈșșȣ ȟȈș ǾǰDz ǭȊȘ ȖȊȍȕ
— ǷȖȗȣȚȈȑȚȍșȤ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȗȍȘȍȝȊȈȚȐȚȤ ȊȖȓ-
ȕȣ ȘȈȌȐȖșȚȈȕȞȐȐ DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ǺȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȈ ȕȍșȖȔȕȍȕȕȖ ȕȈ-
ȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț — ȒȘȐȒȕțȓ ǺȍȘȍȝȖȊ
— ǶȚȗȘȈȊȓȧȦȡȈȧ șȚȈȕȞȐȧ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȕȍ țȟȓȈ ȚȖȋȖ
ȟȚȖ Ȕȣ ȚȖȎȍ ȒȘȖȊȕȖ ȏȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȕȣ Ȋ ȥȚȖȑ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȍ Ȑ
ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓȈ ȍȍ ȗȖ ȖȌȕȖȔț ȕȈȗȘȈȊȓȍȕȐȦ ȅȚȖ ȖȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ Ȍȓȧ
ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȕȍ ȘȈșșȚȘȈȐȊȈȚȤ ȜȘȖȕȚȈ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ

112
XXVIII
ǹǼǰȁȆǸǮ
ȅȌȐ ȕȈșȚȖȧȓȈ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ
ǶȕȈ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȖȚȊȍȘȋȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȧ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊȈ Ȑ
țȔȍȓȖ ȖȚȊȍȓȈ Ȋșȍ ȌȖȊȖȌȣ ȗȖȌȖȉȘȈȕȕȣȍ ȌȘțȏȤȧȔȐ Ȍȓȧ ȚȖȋȖ
ȟȚȖȉȣ țȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ ȍȍ
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ țȚȘȖȔ ȖȕȈ ȊȣȍȝȈȓȈ Ȋ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț
ǭȍ ȈȊȐȍȚȒȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȖȌȕȖȑ Ȑȏ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȐȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȘȖȗț-
șȒȈȓȐșȤ Ȑȏ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȕȈ ȚȍȘȘȐȚȖȘȐȦ ǹȍȊȍȘȖȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȐȝ
ǹȖȍȌȐȕȍȕȕȣȝ ȀȚȈȚȖȊ
ǰȏȊȍșȚȐȧ Ȗ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȍ ȗȍȘțȈȕșȒȐȝ ȘțȌȕȐȒȖȊ ȏȈșȚȈȓȐ ȅȌȐ
Ȋ ȌȖȔȍ ȖȚȞȈ
ǶȕȈ ȉȖȧȓȈșȤ ȊșȚȘȍȟȐ Ǫ ȗȍȘȊȣȍ ȔȐȕțȚȣ ȖȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ țȉȍȎ-
ȌȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȐȚ ȘȖȓȐ ȌȖ ȒȖȕȞȈ Ȑ ȗȘȐ ȔȈȓȍȑȠȍȔ ȗȘȖ-
ȚȐȊȖȘȍȟȐȐ șȖ șȚȖȘȖȕȣ ȖȚȞȈ ȉȘȖșȐȚ Ȋ ȓȐȞȖ șȚȘȈȠȕȣȍ șȓȖȊȈ
— ǷȘȍȌȈȚȍȓȤ ǻȉȐȑȞȈ
ǵȖ ȒȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȅȌȐ țȏȕȈȓȈ Ȗ șȖȉȣȚȐȧȝ Ȋ ǷȍȘț ȖȕȈ șȓȖȊ-
ȕȖ ȗȘȍȖȉȘȈȏȐȓȈșȤ ǶȕȈ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ Țȍ Țȣșȧ-
ȟȐ ȕȍȊȐȕȕȣȝ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȗȖȋȐȉȓȐ ȕȈ ȘțȌȕȐȒȈȝ ȐșȚȘȍȉȓȍȕȣ
ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȉȓȈȋȖȌȈȘȧ ȐȏȖȉȘȍȚȍȕȐȦ ȖȚȞȈ
ǩȖȧȏȕȤ șȔȍȕȐȓȈșȤ ȕȍȕȈȊȐșȚȤȦ Ȑ ȎȋțȟȐȔ ȎȍȓȈȕȐȍȔ Ȕȍș-
ȚȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȊșȚȘȍȚȐȓ șȊȖȦ ȌȖȟȤ ȚȍȗȓȖ
Ƕȕ ȌȈȎȍ ȕȍ ȏȈȌȈȓșȧ ȔȣșȓȤȦ ȊȣȧșȕȐȚȤ ȟȍȔ ȊȣȏȊȈȕ ȍȍ
ȗȘȐȍȏȌ
Ƕȕ ȉȣȓ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȌȖȊȖȓȍȕ ȗȘȐȉȣȚȐȍȔ ȅȌȐ țȎȍ ȗȖȚȖȔț ȟȚȖ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ șȍȋȖȌȕȧ țȚȘȖȔ șȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȓ ȍȋȖ Ȗ ȕȍȑ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȖȚȓȐȟȕȖ șȒȘȣȊ șȊȖȍ șȔțȡȍȕȐȍ ȖȚȊȍȟȈȓ ȟȚȖ
ȅȌȐ ȖșȚȈȓȈșȤ Ȋ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Ȑȏ ȚȈȒȚȐȟȍșȒȐȝ șȖȖȉȘȈȎȍȕȐȑ ǰ ȏȈ-
ȚȍȔ ȌȖȉȈȊȐȓ ȟȚȖ șȟȐȚȈȍȚ ȕȍȖȉȝȖȌȐȔȣȔ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤ ȍȍ Ȋ ǨȔȍ-
ȘȐȒț
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȉȣȓ Ȋ ȐșȒȓȦȟȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȝȖȘȖȠȍȔ ȕȈșȚȘȖȍȕȐȐ
ǷȖȝȓȖȗȈȊ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȗȖ ȗȓȍȟț Ȗȕ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ
— DzȈȒ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȊȈȠȈ ȌȖȟȤ ȗȘȐȍȌȍȚ ȗȘȐȊȍȏȐȚȍ ȍȍ Ȓ ȔȖȍȑ
Ȏȍȕȍ

113
ȅȌȐ țșȓȣȠȈȊ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȍȕȐȐ ȒȈȚȍȋȖȘȐȟȍșȒȐ ȖȚ-
ȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȗȖȍȝȈȚȤ Ȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ǶȕȈ ȉȖȧȓȈșȤ ȟȚȖ țȍȏȎȈȧ Ȑ ȚȍȔ
șȈȔȣȔ ȖȚȌȈȓȧȧșȤ ȖȚ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȖȚȞȈ ȖȕȈ ȗȖȚȍȘȧȍȚ ȊȘȍȔȧ
Ȑ ȚȈȒȐȔ ȖȉȘȈȏȖȔ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȚȌȈȓȐȚ șȘȖȒ ȊȣȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȧ șȊȖȍȋȖ
ȗȓȈȕȈ
ǭȍ ȖȚȒȈȏ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓșȧ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒț ȗȖȌȖȏȘȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȔ ǵȖ,
ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ țȏȕȈȓ Ȗ șȔȍȘȚȐ Ǭțȕȉȍȧ ȚȖ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȟȚȖ ȅȌȐ ȗȘȈȊȈ
ȍȑ șȓȐȠȒȖȔ ȚȧȎȍȓȖ ȗȖȒȈȏȣȊȈȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȖȉȡȍșȚȊȍ
ǷȘȖȠȍȓ ȌȍȕȤ.
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
ȅȌȐ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȖȚșțȚșȚȊȐȍȔ ȖȚȞȈ Ȑ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȓȈșȤ
ȗȘȖȕȐȒȕțȚȤ Ȋ ȍȋȖ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȦ
ǻȊȣ ȍȍ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȈ ȕȍ țȊȍȕȟȈȓȈșȤ țșȗȍȝȖȔ
dzȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȧ ȖȝȘȈȕȧȓȈșȤ ȌȊțȔȧ ȟȈșȖȊȣȔȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȕȍ
ȗȖȏȊȖȓȐȓȐ ȍȑ ȌȈȎȍ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȏȐȚȤșȧ Ȓ ȌȊȍȘȐ
ǹȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȖ șȕȖȊȈ ȗțșȚȐȚȤșȧ ȕȈ ȝȐȚȘȖșȚȤ
ǶȕȈ ȗȖȎȈȓȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȖȚȞț
— Ǵȕȍ ȚȈȒ ȝȖȚȍȓȖșȤ ȉȣ ȗȖȉȣȊȈȚȤ șȕȖȊȈ Ȋ ȚȊȖȍȑ ȓȈȉȖȘȈ-
ȚȖȘȐȐ ȒȈȒ ȗȘȍȎȌȍ Ǵȕȍ ȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȧ ȉȣ șȒȖȘȍȍ ȗȖȗȘȈȊȐȓȈșȤ
ȍșȓȐ ȉȣ ȔȖȋȓȈ șȕȖȊȈ ȖȒțȕțȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȘȈȉȖȚț Ȑ ȗȖȔȖȋȈȚȤ Țȍȉȍ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȒȖȓȍȉȈȓșȧ
ǶȌȕȈȒȖ ȗȖșȓȍ ȕȍȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȋȖ ȘȈȏȌțȔȤȧ Ȗȕ Ȋȏȧȓ
ȌȖȟȤ ȗȖȌ ȘțȒț Ȑ ȗȖȊȍȓ ȍȍ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȦ
dzȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȧ ȗȘȖȐȏȊȍȓȈ ȖȠȍȓȖȔȓȧȦȡȍȍ ȊȗȍȟȈȚȓȍȕȐȍ ȕȈ
ȅȌȐ ǶȕȈ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȈ ȏȌȍșȤ țȎȍ ȉȖȓȤȠȍ ȟȍȚȣȘȍȝ ȔȍșȧȞȍȊ
dzȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȧ ȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȐȏȔȍȕȐȓȈșȤ ȌȖ ȕȍțȏȕȈȊȈȍȔȖ-
șȚȐ ǪȍȏȌȍ Ȑ ȊșȦȌț șȚȖȧȓȐ ȕȖȊȣȍ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ ȕȍȗȖȕȧȚȕȣȍ Ȉȗ-
ȗȈȘȈȚȣ Ȑ ȗȘȐșȗȖșȖȉȓȍȕȐȧ
ǵȈ șȚȍȕȈȝ — ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȍ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȍ ȐȏȌȍȓȐȧ
ȅȌȐ șȍȑȟȈș Ȏȍ șȚȈȓȈ ȘȈșșȗȘȈȠȐȊȈȚȤ ȖȚȞȈ ǺȖȚ ȖȝȖȚȕȖ ȌȈ-
ȊȈȓ ȘȈȏȢȧșȕȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȘȈșșȒȈȏȈȓ ȟȚȖ Ȋșȍ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȣ ȕȈȝȖȌȧ-
ȡȐȍșȧ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȧȊȓȧȦȚșȧ ȓȐȠȤ ȔȖȌȍȓȧȔȐ — ȗȍȘȊȖ-
ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȗȘȖȍȒȚȈȔȐ Ȍȓȧ ȌȖșȚȐȎȍȕȐȧ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ Ȟȍ-
ȓȐ ȗȖșȚȘȖȑȒȐ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘȈ
ȅȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘ ȒȈȒ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ, ȊȣȏȊȈȓ ȐșȒȘȍȕȕȍȍ
ȊȖșȝȐȡȍȕȐȍ ȅȌȐ
ǶșȚȘȖțȔȕȈȧ ȒȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȧ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚȖȊ ș ȏȈȉȈȊȕȣȔȐ ȗȐȘȈ-
ȔȐȌȒȈȔȐ ȗȖ ȔȕȍȕȐȦ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒȈ ȌȖȓȎȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ ȖșȖȉȍȕȕȖ

114
ȏȈȐȕȚȍȘȍșȖȊȈȚȤ ȍȍ ǷȖȥȚȖȔț Ȗȕ ȕȍ ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȧ ȕȈ ȚȖ
ș ȒȈȒȐȔ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȣȔ ȊȕȐȔȈȕȐȍȔ ȖȕȈ șȓȍȌȐȚ ȏȈ ȍȋȖ ȖȉȢȧș-
ȕȍȕȐȧȔȐ Ȑ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȧȔȐ
ȅȌȐ șȘȈȏț ȗȖȕȧȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘ — ȚȖ șȘȍȌșȚ-
ȊȖ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȍ ȗȘȐȏȊȈȕȖ ȖȉȍșȗȍȟȐȚȤ ǴȖȘȋȈȕț ȋȖșȗȖȌșȚȊȖ ȕȈȌ
ȔȐȘȖȔ
ǿȚȖȉȣ țȌȖșȚȖȊȍȘȐȚȤșȧ Ȋ ȥȚȖȔ ȖȕȈ ȏȈȌȈȓȈ ȖȚȞț ȊȖȗȘȖș
— ǷȈȗȈ Ǭȓȧ ȟȍȋȖ Țȣ ȗȖșȚȘȖȐȓ ȥȚȖȚ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖȘ"
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȘȈșșȔȍȧȓșȧ
— ǷȖȒȈ ȕȍ ȊȘȍȔȧ Ȗȉ ȥȚȖȔ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȚȤ ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ Ȍȕȧ
țȏȕȈȍȠȤ
ǵȈ ȥȚȖȔ ȖșȔȖȚȘ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȒȖȕȟȐȓșȧ
 ȈȊȋțșȚȈ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓșȧ Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
ȅȌȐ ȘȍȠȐȓȈ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȚȤ
«ǹȍȋȖȌȕȧ ȐȓȐ ȕȐȒȖȋȌȈ»
ǬȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ Ȋșȍ ȉȓȈȋȖȗȘȐȧȚșȚȊȖȊȈȓȖ ȖșțȡȍșȚȊȓȍȕȐȦ
ȍȍ ȏȈȚȍȐ
ǬȖșȚțȗ Ȋ ȓȈȉȖȘȈȚȖȘȐȐ ȉȣȓ Ȍȓȧ ȕȍȍ ȖȚȒȘȣȚ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ ȊȍȘȕțȚȤșȧ ȓȐȠȤ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ
— ǷȖȉȍȌȈ — ȓȐȒȖȊȈȓȈ ȅȌȐ — ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ șȗȈșȍȕȈ
ǶȕȈ ȌȍȑșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȗȖ șȚȘȖȋȖ ȖȉȌțȔȈȕȕȖȔț ȗȓȈȕț
Ǫ ȗȍȘȊțȦ ȖȟȍȘȍȌȤ — ȟȍȘȚȍȎȐ ȏȈȚȍȔ ȍșȓȐ ȖȒȈȎȍȚșȧ ȊȖȏ-
ȔȖȎȕȣȔ ȔȖȌȍȓȤ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȑ ȒȖȕșȚȘțȒȞȐȐ
ǺȖȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȝ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȔȐȕțȚ ȕȍȘȊȕȖȋȖ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȐȧ Ȑ ȟȍȘ-
ȚȍȎȐ Ȑ ȈȗȗȈȘȈȚ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȍȘȍȕȍșȍȕȣ Ȋ ȒȈȦȚț ȈȊȐȍȚȒȐ
«ǿȍȘȍȏ ȌȍșȧȚȤ ȟȈșȖȊ ȖȕȐ ȉțȌțȚ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ ȕȈșȚȖȧȡȍȔ Ȕȍ-
șȚȍ — Ȋ ǰȕșȚȐȚțȚȍ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǸȣȒȖȊȈ», — ș ȖȉȓȍȋȟȍȕȐȍȔ ȗȖȌțȔȈ-
ȓȈ ȌȍȊțȠȒȈ
— ǴȐșș ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ — țșȓȣȠȈȓȈ ȅȌȐ ȕȍȏȕȈȒȖȔȣȑ ȋȖ-
ȓȖș ȒȈȒ ȘȈȏ Ȋ ȚȖȚ ȔȖȔȍȕȚ ȒȖȋȌȈ ȖȕȈ ȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȈșȤ Ȓ ȖȚȓȍȚț
ǶȕȈ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ Ȑ ș țȎȈșȖȔ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȕȈ ȗȖșȈȌȖȟȕȖȑ
ȗȓȖȡȈȌȒȍ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȖșȤ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȌȍșȧȚȒȈ șȖȓȌȈȚ ȈȘȔȐȐ ǹǨǹȀ
— ǰȔȍȕȍȔ ȏȈȒȖȕȈ — Ȑ ȅȌȐ ȝȖȓȖȌȍȧ ȗȖȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ
ȍȍ ȘțȒȐ țȎȍ șȒȘțȟȍȕȣ Ȑ ȍȍ ȕȍșțȚ ȊȕȐȏ Ȋ ȕȐȎȕȐȍ ȥȚȈȎȐ ȕȍ-
ȉȖșȒȘȍȉȈ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȖȕȈ ȉȣȓȈ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓȍ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
— ǿȚȖ ȒȘȈșȖȚȒȈ ȕȍ ȖȎȐȌȈȓȈ" — ȧȏȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȗȘȖșȐȓ ȗȘȍȌ-
ȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȤ șȖȓȌȈȚ — ȗȓȖȚȕȣȑ ȒȘȈșȕȖȘȖȎȐȑ ȔțȎȟȐȕȈ ȕȈ ȓȐ-

Ȟȍ ȍȋȖ ȐȋȘȈȓȈ ȎȍșȚȖȒȈȧ țșȔȍȠȒȈ
— ǵȍțȎȍȓȐ ȔȐșș ȔȖȋȓȈ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȚȤ — ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȓ Ȗȕ
ș ȗȖȌȟȍȘȒȕțȚȖȑ ȊȍȎȓȐȊȖșȚȤȦ — ȟȚȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȌȖȗțșȚȐȚ ȊȈȠ
ȖȚȢȍȏȌ ȉȍȏ ȚȖȋȖ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȖȊȐȌȈȚȤșȧ ș ȕȐȔ" Ƕ Ȗȕ ȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȓȦ-
ȉȐȚȍȓȤ ȚȈȒȐȝ ȒȘȈșȖȚȖȒ ȝȐ-ȝȐ-ȝȐ
ȅȌȐ ȊȖșȗȘȧȕțȓȈ ȌțȝȖȔ
«ǴȖȎȍȚ ȉȣȚȤ ȌȍȑșȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȥȚȖ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȕȍțȔȍșȚȕȈȧ ȠțȚ-
ȒȈ șȓțȋ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ"»
ǵȈȗȘȧȋȈȧ ȊșȦ șȐȓț ȊȖȓȐ ȖȕȈ ȒȘȐȒȕțȓȈ
— DzȈȒ Ȋȣ șȔȍȍȚȍ"
ǵȖ ȍȍ șȓȖȊȈ ȏȈȋȓțȠȐȓȐ ȏȓȖȉȕȣȍ ȝȐȝȐȒȈȕȤȧ
— ǺȐȠȍ ȒȘȈșȈȊȐȞȈ ȝȐ-ȝȐ-ȝȐ ȚȐȠȍ Ȉ ȚȖ ȥȝ-ȝȐ-ȝȐ-
ȝȐ ȝțȎȍ ȉțȌȍȚ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȟȈș ȅȌȐ țȏȕȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȗȘȐȔȍȚ ȍȍ  ȈȊȋțșȚȈ
Ȋ ȟȍȚȣȘȍ ȟȈșȈ Ȍȕȧ
ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ ȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȓ șȍȉȍ ȒȈȒ Ȑ ȗȘȍȌȗȖȓȈȋȈȓ  ȈȊ-
ȋțșȚȈ
ǵȈ ȍȋȖ ȊȖȗȘȖș
— ǫȌȍ ȅȌȐ" — ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓ ȊȗȖȓȕȍ ȗȘȈȊȌȐȊȣȑ ȖȚȊȍȚ
— ǶȕȈ ȍȡȍ ȟȍȚȣȘȕȈȌȞȈȚȖȋȖ ȖȚȗȘȈȊȐȓȈșȤ Ȋ ȊȐȓȓț «ǹȈȕ-
șțșȐ».

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XXIX
ǺǼǾDZǮǻ ȀǼǾǴdzǿȀǰȁdzȀ
19ȈȊȋțșȚȈ Ȋ  ȟȈșȖȊ Ȍȕȧ ǪȈȠȐȕȋȚȖȕșȒȐȑ șȖȊȍȚ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ Ȑ
șȖȓȌȈȚșȒȐȝ ȌȍȗțȚȈȚȖȊ ȘȍȠȐȓ ȗȘȐȊȍșȚȐ șȊȖȑ ȗȘȐȒȈȏ Ȗȉ ȈȘȍ-
șȚȍ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȋ ȐșȗȖȓȕȍȕȐȍ
ǶșȖȉȖ ȊȣȌȍȓȍȕȕȣȑ Ȍȓȧ ȥȚȖȑ ȞȍȓȐ ȖȚȘȧȌ DzȘȈșȕȖȑ ȋȊȈȘ-
ȌȐȐ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ ȕȈ ȔȖȚȖȞȐȒȓȍȚȒȈȝ Ȓ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
ǵȍ țșȗȍȓ ȖȚȘȧȌ ȖȚȢȍȝȈȚȤ ȖȚ ȏȌȈȕȐȧ șȖȊȍȚȈ Ȑ ȕȈ ȕȍșȒȖȓȤ-
ȒȖ șȖȚ ȔȍȚȘȖȊ ȒȈȒ ȊȘȍȏȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȗȓȖȚȕțȦ șȚȍȕț ȖȋȘȖȔȕȖȑ Ȍȍ-
ȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȝ ȗȘȈȏȌȕȖȊȈȊȠȐȝ ȖȒȖȕȟȈȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȏȈȝȊȈȚ
ȊȓȈșȚȐ Ȋ ȋȖȘȖȌȍ
ǵȍșȒȖȓȤȒȖ șȓȖȊ ȖȉȢȧșȕȍȕȐȑ Ȑ Ȑȏ țșȚ Ȋ țșȚȈ șȚȈȓȈ ȗȍȘȍ-
ȌȈȊȈȚȤșȧ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȈȧ ȊȍșȚȤ
— ǶȚȘȧȌ ȗȘȍȌȕȈȏȕȈȟȍȕ Ȍȓȧ ȈȘȍșȚȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǷȘȐ țȗȖȔȐȕȈȕȐȐ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȧ Ȋșȗȣȝ-
ȕțȓȈ ȕȍȋȖȌȖȊȈȕȐȍȔ ǷȖșȓȣȠȈȓȐșȤ ȗȘȖȒȓȧȚȐȧ
DzȖȔț-ȚȖ ȏȈȗȈȓȈ Ȋ ȋȖȓȖȊț ȔȣșȓȤ
— ǷȖȑȌȍȔ Ȋșȍ ȊȔȍșȚȍ ǸȈșșȟȐȚȈȍȔșȧ ș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȖȔ
ǵȈȗȘȈșȕȖ ȗȘȐȏȣȊȈȓ ȕȈȟȈȓȤȕȐȒ ȖȚȘȧȌȈ Ȓ ȉȓȈȋȖȘȈȏțȔȐȦ
Ȑ șȗȖȒȖȑșȚȊȐȦ ȕȈȗȘȈșȕȖ țȒȈȏȣȊȈȓ Ȗȕ ȕȈ ȚȖ ȟȚȖ șȐȓȣ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȈ ȍȡȍ ȕȍ șȓȖȔȓȍȕȣ Ȑ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȍȌșȚȖȧȡȍȍ șȚȖȓȒȕȖȊȍȕȐȍ ș
ȓȐȟȕȖȑ ȖȝȘȈȕȖȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȍȔȐȕțȍȔȖ ȗȖȊȓȍȟȍȚ ȏȈ șȖȉȖȑ ȕȍ-
ȕțȎȕȖȍ ȒȘȖȊȖȗȘȖȓȐȚȐȍ— ȗȖȚȖȒ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȖȊ Ȋșȍ țȊȍȓȐȟȐ-
ȊȈȧșȤ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȌȊȐȕțȓșȧ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
ȀȓȐ ȀȈȋȈȓȐ ȔȍȘȕȖȑ ȘȍȠȐȚȍȓȤȕȖȑ ȗȖșȚțȗȤȦ
ǹȚȈȘȣȍ ȔȖȓȖȌȣȍ ȖȚȞȣ ȔȈȚȍȘȐ ȌȍȚȐ
dzȦȌșȒȖȑ ȗȖȚȖȒ ȊȖȉȘȈȊȠȐȑ Ȋ șȍȉȧ țȎȍ ȖȒȖȓȖ șȚȈ Țȣșȧȟ
ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒ șȔȍȚȈȓ ȕȈ șȊȖȍȔ ȗțȚȐ Ȋșȍ ȗȘȍȗȧȚșȚȊȐȧ
ȀȓȐ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ ȖȎȍșȚȖȟȍȕȕȖ
ǫȌȍ-ȚȖ Ȋ șȍȘȍȌȐȕȍ ȠȍșȚȊȐȧ ȏȈȗȍȓȐ ȘȍȊȖȓȦȞȐȖȕȕȣȍ ȗȍș-
ȕȐ ǷȍȘȍȌȕȧȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ ȌȊȐȋȈȓȈșȤ ȊȗȍȘȍȌ ȔȖȓȟȈ
șȖșȘȍȌȖȚȖȟȍȕȕȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȐȏȘȍȌȒȈ ȊȣȒȘȐȒȐȊȈȧ ȉȖȌȘȧȡȐȍ ȓȖ-
ȏțȕȋȐ ȐȓȐ ȖșȚȘȖțȔȕȣȍ ȗȘȖȗȐȚȈȕȕȣȍ ȏȓȖȉȖȑ ȏȈȔȍȟȈȕȐȧ Dz

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ȏȈȌȕȐȔ ȘȧȌȈȔ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȖȊ ȗȘȐșȚȈȓ ȖȘȒȍșȚȘ ǴțȏȣȒȈȕ-
Țȣ șȘȈȏț Ȏȍ șȚȈȓȐ ȐȋȘȈȚȤ
ǨȒȒȖȘȌȣ ȔțȏȣȒȐ șȓȖȊȈ ȗȍșȕȐ ȔȐȚȐȕȋȖȊȈȧ ȘȍȟȤ Ȑ ȕȍ-
țȔȖȓȟȕȣȑ ȋȖȊȖȘ ȚȖȓȗȣ șȓȐȓȐșȤ Ȋ ȖȌȐȕ ȔȖȡȕȣȑ Ȑ ȏȓȖȊȍ-
ȡȐȑ ȘȍȊ ȋȐȋȈȕȚșȒȖȋȖ ȎȐȊȖȋȖ ȚȈȘȈȕȈ șȎȈȚȖȋȖ ȒțȓȈȒȈ ȋȖȚȖ-
ȊȖȋȖ ȘȈȏȔȖȏȎȐȚȤ ȊȘȈȋȈ
ǫȖȓȖȊȕȈȧ ȟȈșȚȤ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȓȈșȤ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȚȤ-
șȧ ȖȒȖȓȖ ȊȖȘȖȚ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ».
ǵȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ ǵȍ ȉȣȓȖ șȐȓȣ țȌȍȘȎȈȚȤ Ȋșȍ țȊȍȓȐȟȐȊȈȦȡȐȑ-
șȧ ȕȈȗȖȘ ȔȈșșȣ
ǬȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȧ ȖȝȊȈȚȐȓȈ ȚȍșȕȣȔ ȎȐȊȣȔ ȒȖȓȤȞȖȔ ȘȍȏȐ-
ȌȍȕȞȐȦ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǪȐȓȓȈ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȖȒȈȏȈȓȈșȤ ȖȒȘțȎȍȕȕȖȑ șȖ Ȋșȍȝ șȚȖȘȖȕ
ȔȕȖȋȖȚȣșȧȟȕȖȑ ȚȖȓȗȖȑ
ǰ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȚȍȗȍȘȤ șȚȖȧȊȠȐȍ ȊȗȍȘȍȌȐ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȐ ȟȚȖ ȊȐȓȓȈ
ȏȈ ȖȌȐȕ-ȌȊȈ Ȍȕȧ ȗȘȐȖȉȘȍȓȈ ȒȈȒȖȑ-ȚȖ șȚȘȈȕȕȣȑ ȊȐȌ Ǫșȍ ȏȌȈ-
ȕȐȧ ȉȣȓȐ ȖȝȊȈȟȍȕȣ ȗȘȖȏȘȈȟȕȖȑ ȚȖȕȟȈȑȠȍȑ ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȤȦ ȗȘȖ-
ȝȖȌȖȊ ȔȍȎȌț ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȔȐ ȟȈșȚȧȔȐ ȥȚȖȑ șȊȍȘȒȈȦȡȍȑ ȗȈțȚȐȕ-
ȕȖȑ ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȐ ȕȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȕȖ
ǵȈșȚțȗȈȦȡȈȧ ȔȈșșȈ ȕȈ ȔȐȋ ȉȣȓȈ ȖȠȍȓȖȔȓȍȕȈ ǵȖ ȏȈȚȍȔ,
ȉțȌȚȖ ș țȌȍșȧȚȍȘȍȕȕȖȑ șȐȓȖȑ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȧ ȌȊȐȕțȓȈșȤ ȗȘȧ-
ȔȖ ȕȈ ȋȓȈȊȕȣȑ ȒȖȘȗțș ȕȈ ȌȊȖȘȍȞ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǷȈțȚȐȕȈ ȒȈȏȈȊȠȈȧșȧ ȐȏȌȈȓȐ ȚȈȒȖȑ ȝȘțȗȒȖȑ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈ-
ȓȈ ȕȈȚȐșȒ ȉȍȏțȗȘȍȟȕȖ
ǺȖȓȗȈ ȕȍȐșȚȖȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ
ǶȕȈ ȚȘȍȉȖȊȈȓȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ Ȑ ȉȣȓȈ ȊȖȏȔțȡȍȕȈ ȟȚȖ ȕȈȝȖȌȧșȤ
ț ȞȍȓȐ ȕȍ Ȋ șȐȓȈȝ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȍȋȖ ȠȈȋȈ Ȍȓȧ ȏȈȊȍȘ-
ȠȍȕȐȧ ȗȖȉȍȌȣ
ǶȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȣ ȗțșȚȐȓȐ Ȋ ȝȖȌ ȘȍȊȖȓȤȊȍȘȣ
ǵȖ ȗțȓȐ ȖȚșȒȈȒȐȊȈȓȐ ȖȚ șȊȍȘȒȈȦȡȍȑ ȉȘȐȓȓȐȈȕȚȖȔ șȍȚ-
ȒȐ ȖȉȘȈȚȕȖ ȕȍ ȕȈȕȖșȧ ȕȐȒȈȒȐȝ ȗȖȊȘȍȎȌȍȕȐȑ
ǪȖȏȉțȎȌȍȕȐȍ ȔȈșșȣ ȘȖșȓȖ ǸțȒȖȊȖȌȐȚȍȓȐ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ
ȘȈșȚȍȘȧȓȐșȤ
ǪȕțȚȘȐ ȊȐȓȓȣ ȚȈȒȎȍ ȞȈȘȐȓȖ ȊȖȏȉțȎȌȍȕȐȍ
dzȈȒȍȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȉțȠțȦȡȍȍ ȔȖȘȍ ȋȖȓȖȊ ȖȒȘț-
ȎȈȦȡȍȍ ȊȐȓȓț ș țȎȈșȖȔ Ȋ ȋȓȈȏȈȝ ȗȣȚȈȓȐșȤ șȗȘȧȚȈȚȤșȧ ȋȌȍ-
ȓȐȉȖ Ȋ ȏȈȒȖțȓȒȈȝ Ȋ ȖȚȌȈȓȍȕȕȣȝ ȖȚ ȊȖȘȖȚ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȈȝ
dzȐȞȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȐșȒȈȏȐȓȈ ȏȓȖȉȕȈȧ ȋȘȐȔȈșȈ ȕȖ Ȗȕ ȕȍ Țȍ-

118
Șȧȓ ȗȘȐșțȚșȚȊȐȧ ȌțȝȈ ǪȣȏȊȈȊ Ȓ șȍȉȍ ȊȚȖȘȖȋȖ șȍȒȘȍȚȈȘȧ Ȗȕ
șȗȘȖșȐȓ
— Ǫ ȟȍȔ ȌȍȓȖ" ǿȚȖ ȏȈ ȏȈȔȍȠȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȖ" ǫȓțȗȞȣ ǸȈȏ-
Ȋȍ ȕțȎȕȣ ȍȡȍ ȖșȖȉȣȍ ȌȖȒȈȏȈȚȍȓȤșȚȊȈ ȔȖȍȑ ȊȓȈșȚȐ Ȑ ȗȖȉȍ-
Ȍȣ Ǻȍ — Ȗȕ ȒȐȊȕțȓ ȋȖȓȖȊȖȑ Ȋ șȚȖȘȖȕț ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȐ —
ȗțșȚȤ ȖȘțȚ ȇ ȔȖȋț țȕȐȟȚȖȎȐȚȤ Ȋșȍȝ ȌȖ ȖȌȕȖȋȖ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȏȈȔȖȓȟȈȓ ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȍȓ ȕȈ ȟȈșȣ Ȑ ȍȝȐȌȕȖ ȗȖȚȐ-
ȘȈȧ ȘțȒȐ ȖȚȌȈȓ ȘȈșȗȖȘȧȎȍȕȐȍ
— ǷȘȐȊȍșȚȐ ȒȖ Ȕȕȍ ȅȌȐ ǴȈȒ-DzȍȘȚȐȒ
ǿȍȘȍȏ ȔȐȕțȚț Ȋ ȌȊȍȘȧȝ ȗȖȧȊȐȓȈșȤ șȚȘȖȑȕȈȧ ȜȐȋțȘȈ Ȍȍ-
ȊțȠȒȐ
ǷȧȚȤ Ȍȕȍȑ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȕȣȝ Ȋ ȗȓȍȕț ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȕȈȓȖȎȐȓȐ
ȕȈ ȍȍ ȓȐȞȖ ȖșȖȉȣȑ ȋȘțșȚȕȣȑ ȖȚȗȍȟȈȚȖȒ
ǻȊȐȌȍȊ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ ȖȕȈ ȖșȚȈȕȖȊȐȓȈșȤ ȒȈȒ ȊȒȖȗȈȕȕȈȧ
Ǫ ȔȖȏȋ ȌȍȊțȠȒȐ ȘȈȉȖȚȈȊȠȐȑ ș ȓȐȝȖȘȈȌȖȟȕȖȑ ȉȣșȚȘȖ-
ȚȖȑ ȊȘȍȏȈȓȐșȤ Țȍ șȈȔȣȍ ȔȣșȓȐ ȒȖȚȖȘȣȍ ȉȍșȗȘȍșȚȈȕȕȖ Ȕț-
ȟȐȓȐ ȍȍ Ȋ ȚȍȟȍȕȐȍ ȥȚȐȝ șȚȘȈȠȕȣȝ ȗȧȚȐ Ȍȕȍȑ
«ǯȕȈȍȚ ȓȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȐșȚȐȕȕțȦ ȞȍȓȤ ȔȖȍȋȖ ȗȘȐȍȏȌȈ" ǰ ȍș-
ȓȐ ȌȈ ȚȖ ȗȖȟȍȔț Ȗȕ ȌȍȘȎȐȚ Ȕȍȕȧ ȏȌȍșȤ Ȋ “ǹȈȕșțșȐ”" ǵȍț-
ȎȍȓȐ Ȋșȍ ȗȖȋȐȉȓȖ"»
— ǴȐșș ȅȌȐ ȧ ȘȈȌ ȊȈș ȊȐȌȍȚȤ Ȋ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ», — țșȓȣȠȈȓȈ
ȖȕȈ ȐȘȖȕȐȟȍșȒȐȑ șȓȍȋȒȈ ȋȕțșȈȊȧȡȐȑ ȋȖȓȖș ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ — DzȖ-
ȕȍȟȕȖ ȧ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȖ ȏȕȈȦ ȟȚȖ Ȋȣ ȕȍ șȖȉȐȘȈȓȐșȤ ȊșȚȘȍȟȈȚȤ-
șȧ șȖ ȔȕȖȑ ȝȐ-ȝȐ-ȝȐ ǵȖ ȧ ȝȖȚȍȓ ȊȈș ȊȐȌȍȚȤ Ȑ ȧ ȗȖȔȕȐ-
Țȍ ȊșȍȋȌȈ ȌȖȉȤȦșȤ șȊȖȍȋȖ ǷȖȕȧȓȐ" ǪșȍȋȌȈ
ȅȌȐ ȕȍ ȌȊȐȕțȓȈșȤ ș ȔȍșȚȈ ǶȕȈ ș ȖȚȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȍȔ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȈ
ȟȚȖ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȗȖȌȣȔȈȍȚșȧ Ȑ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȍȚșȧ Ȓ ȕȍȑ
— ǭșȓȐ Ȋȣ ȕȍ ȝȖȚȐȚȍ ȘȈȏȋȖȊȈȘȐȊȈȚȤ Ȕȣ, ȝȐ-ȝȐ-ȝȐ Ȋșȍ-
ȋȌȈ ȗȖȌȣȡȍȔ ȗȘȐȓȐȟȍșȚȊțȦȡȐȍ șȘȍȌșȚȊȈ ǴȐșș ȅȌȐ Ǫȣ
ȗȣȚȈȓȐșȤ ȊșȚȈȚȤ Ȕȕȍ ȗȖȗȍȘȍȒ ȌȖȘȖȋȐ ȇ ȥȚȖȋȖ ȕȍ ȗȖȚȍȘȗȓȦ
Ǭȓȧ ȟȍȋȖ ȊȈȔ ȗȖȕȈȌȖȉȐȓȐșȤ ȟȍȘȚȍȎȐ Ȑ ȔȖȌȍȓȤ ȥȕȍȘȋȖȜȖ-
ȘȈ"!ȅȌȐ șȐȓȐȓȈșȤ ȖȚȖȘȊȈȚȤ ȊȏȋȓȧȌ ȖȚ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȦȡȍȋȖșȧ ǴȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȈ ǶȕȈ șȒȊȖȏȤ ȖȝȊȈȚȐȊȠȍȍ ȍȍ ȖȚȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȍ Ȑ ȕȍȕȈȊȐșȚȤ
ȖȚȟȍȚȓȐȊȖ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓȈ ȒȈȒ ȕȍȔȍȦȚ ȍȍ ȘțȒȐ Ȑ ȕȖȋȐ Ȑ ȟȚȖ ȖȕȈ
ȕȍ Ȋ șȐȓȈȝ șȌȊȐȕțȚȤșȧ ș ȔȍșȚȈ
— Ǫȣ ȔȖȓȟȐȚȍ ȔȐșș ȅȌȐ" Ǭȓȧ ȗȍȘȊȖȋȖ ȘȈȏȈ ȥȚȖ ȕȍ ȓȦ-
ȉȍȏȕȖ. ǽȐ-ȝȐ-ȝȐ. ǷȖȔȕȐȚȍ ȟȚȖ Ȕȕȍ ȕțȎȕȖ Ȋșȍ

ȅȌȐ ȗȖȗȣȚȈȓȈșȤ șȖȉȘȈȚȤșȧ ș ȔȣșȓȧȔȐ ǵȖ ȍȑ ȔȍȠȈȓȐ ȖȚ-
ȊȘȈȚȐȚȍȓȤȕȣȑ ȗțȋȈȦȡȐȑ ȊȐȌ Ȑ ȝȐȡȕȣȑ ȊȏȋȓȧȌ ȗȖȌȒȘȈȌȣ-
ȊȈȦȡȍȋȖșȧ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
ǶȕȈ ȏȈȒȘȣȓȈ ȋȓȈȏȈ Ȑ ȕȈȗȘȧȋȈȧ ȖșȚȈȚȒȐ șȐȓ șȚȘȍȔȐȚȍȓȤ-
ȕȖ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓȈșȤ Ȑ șȚȖȓȒȕțȓȈșȤ ș ȓȈȒȍȍȔ ȊȝȖȌȐȊȠȐȔ Ȋ ȒȖȔ-
ȕȈȚț
— ǴȐșȚȍȘ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ǹȘȖȟȕȈȧ ȚȍȓȍȋȘȈȔȔȈ
— ǷȘȖȟȤ ȉȖȓȊȈȕ — ȗȘȖȝȘȐȗȍȓ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ Ȑ șȝȊȈȚȐȓ Ȟȍȗ-
ȒȐȔȐ ȗȈȓȤȞȈȔȐ ȘțȒț țȉȍȋȈȦȡȍȑ ȅȌȐ
— ǸȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔȔȈ ȖȚ — ȗȣȚȈȓșȧ ȓȈȒȍȑ ȗȘȖȌȖȓȎȈȚȤ
— ǻȉȐȘȈȑȚȍșȤ — ȗȘȖȘȍȊȍȓ șȕȖȊȈ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȗȖȌȕȐȔȈȧ șȊȖ-
ȉȖȌȕțȦ ȘțȒț Ȍȓȧ țȌȈȘȈ

120
XXX
ǸǼǻdzȄ ǺǼǾDZǮǻǮ
dzȈȒȍȑ ȕȍȊȖȏȔțȚȐȔȖ ȗȖȊȚȖȘȐȓ
— ǸȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔȔȈ ȗȘȐȕȧȚȈ ș ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȈ țȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȖȋȖ
ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ — DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȗȖȌ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌșȚȊȖȔ ȒȖȚȖȘȖȋȖ Ȓ
ȕȈȔ ȗȘȐȉȓȐȎȈȍȚșȧ ȞȍȓȈȧ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑșȒȐȝ șȈȔȖȓȍȚȖȊ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȣȘȊȈȓ Ȑȏ ȘțȒ ȓȈȒȍȧ ȘȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔȔț Ȑ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓ
ȍȍ ǺȈȔ ȏȕȈȟȐȓȖșȤ
ȅȓȐȈșț ǴȖȘȋȈȕț DzȖȗȐȧ ȈȔȍȘȐȒȈȕșȒȖȔț ȗȘȍȌșȚȈȊȐȚȍȓȤ-
șȚȊț DzȘȈșȕȖȋȖ ǷȘȖȜȐȕȚȍȘȕȈ
Ǫșȍ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȍ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ țȕȐȟȚȖȎȍȕȣ.
ǶȒȈȏȈȚȤ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȍȕȐȍ ȕȈȠȍȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ ȕȍȔȣșȓȐȔȖ Ǭȍȑ-
șȚȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȖșȚȤ ȗȖȒȈȏȈȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ Ȍȓȧ ȕȈș ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ
șȓțȎȐȚȤ ȗȘȍȋȘȈȌȖȑ
Ǵȣ ȗȘȍȌȓȈȋȈȍȔ ȔȐȘ
ǰȕȚȍȘȍșȣ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȟȍșȚȊȈ ȚȘȍȉțȦȚ ȟȚȖȉȣ ȒȘȖȊȖȗȘȖȓȐ-
ȚȐȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȕȍȔȍȌȓȍȕȕȖ ȗȘȍȒȘȈȡȍȕȖ ǭșȓȐ ȕțȎȕȣ ȋȈȘȈȕ-
ȚȐȐ Ȍȓȧ șȖȝȘȈȕȍȕȐȧ ȓȐȟȕȖȑ ȉȍȏȖȗȈșȕȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȎȐȏȕȐ ǴȖȘȋȈ-
ȕȈ Ȕȣ ȋȖȚȖȊȣ Ȑȝ ȗȘȍȌȖșȚȈȊȐȚȤ ǵȖ ȍșȓȐ ȊȖȍȕȕȣȍ ȌȍȑșȚ-
ȊȐȧ ȕȍ ȉțȌțȚ ȗȘȐȖșȚȈȕȖȊȓȍȕȣ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȉțȌȍȚ șȚȍȘȚ ș ȓȐȞȈ
ȏȍȔȓȐ Ǵȣ ȝȖȘȖȠȖ ȏȕȈȍȔ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐ ȗȘȖȊȍȌȍȕȐȐ Ȋ ȎȐȏȕȤ ȕȈ-
Ƞȍȑ țȋȘȖȏȣ ȕȍ ȔȖȎȍȚ ȗȖșȚȘȈȌȈȚȤ ȕȐ ȕȈȠȈ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȧ ȕȐ
ȌȍȓȖ ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍȕȐȧ ȚȘțȌȧȡȐȝșȧ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ
ǺȘțȌȧȡȐȍșȧ ȔȈșșȣ ǨȔȍȘȐȒȐ ȉȖȌȘȐȚȍșȤ ǩȓȐȏȖȒ ȟȈș
ȖșȊȖȉȖȎȌȍȕȐȧ
ǻȗȖȓȕȖȔȖȟȍȕȕȣȑ ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ Dz Ȑ ș ș Ȗ Ȋ ȍ ȕ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȗȘȖȟȍȓ ȍȡȍ ȘȈȏ ȘȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔȔț ǬȘȖȎȈȡȍȑ ȘțȒȖȑ
ȗȘȖȊȍȓ Ȗȕ ȗȖ ȋȖȘȧȡȍȔț ȓȉț ǩȍșșȔȣșȓȍȕȕȖ ȉȖȘȔȖȟȈ Ȗȕ ȗȖ-
ȊȚȖȘȧȓ ȗȘȖ șȍȉȧ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȜȘȈȏȣ ȘȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔȔȣ
ȅȌȐ ȊȖșȗȖȓȤȏȖȊȈȓȈșȤ ȔȖȔȍȕȚȖȔ Ȑ ȊȣȘȊȈȓȈ ȘȈȌȐȖȋȘȈȔ-
Ȕț Ȑȏ ȍȋȖ ȘțȒ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȕȍ șȖȗȘȖȚȐȊȓȧȓșȧ
ǵȖ ȥȚȖ ȉȣȓȖ ȓȐȠȤ ȔȐȕțȚȕȖȑ șȓȈȉȖșȚȤȦ

121
Ƕȕ ȊșȚȈȓ
— dzȖȎȤ ǰ ȖȟȍȕȤ ȕȍțȌȈȟȕȖ șȜȈȉȘȐȒȖȊȈȕȕȈȧ Ǵȣ ȍȡȍ
ȗȖșȔȖȚȘȐȔ ȒȚȖ ȒȖȋȖ ȖșȊȖȉȖȌȐȚ
ǵȍ țșȗȍȓ Ȗȕ ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȚȤ ȜȘȈȏț ȒȈȒ Ȋșȍ țșȓȣȠȈȓȐ ȊȖș-
ȚȖȘȎȍȕȕȣȑ ȕȍȐșȚȖȊȣȑ ȘȍȊ ȚȖȓȗȣ Ǫ ȗȖȌȕȧȊȠȍȔșȧ ȕȍȊȖȖȉ-
ȘȈȏȐȔȖȔ ȠțȔȍ ȖȚȟȍȚȓȐȊȖ ȊȣȌȍȓȧȓȐșȤ ȖȚȌȍȓȤȕȣȍ ȒȘȐȒȐ
— ǻȘȈ
— ǬȈ ȏȌȘȈȊșȚȊțȍȚ ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ
— ǬȖȓȖȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ǻȘȈ
Ǫșȍ ȚȘȖȍ ȒȐȕțȓȐșȤ Ȓ ȖȒȕț ǬȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȞȐȧ ȉȣȓȈ ȕȍțȏȕȈ-
ȊȈȍȔȈ ǰ ȟȚȖ țȌȐȊȐȚȍȓȤȕȍȍ ȊșȍȋȖ ȊȐȓȓȈ «ǹȈȕșțșȐ» ȉȣȓȈ șȖ-
ȊȍȘȠȍȕȕȖ ȏȈȉȣȚȈ
ǪȕȐȔȈȕȐȍ Ȋșȍȝ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȖȊ ȉȣȓȖ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȟȍȕȖ ȊȐȌȖȔ
ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȟȚȖ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȠȍȑ ȊȖȏȌțȠȕȖȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ
«ȅȚȖ ȐȔȍȕȕȖ ȚȈ ȥșȒȈȌȘȐȓȤȧ ȒȖȚȖȘȈȧ ȘȈȏȋȘȖȔȐȓȈ ȔȖȘ-
ȋȈȕȖȊșȒȐȍ ȥȒșȗȍȌȐȞȐȐ», — ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȗȘȖȉȍȎȈȓȖ Ȋ ȍȍ ȔȖȏȋț
ǹȈȔȖȓȍȚ ȘțȒȖȊȖȌȧȡȐȑ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȍȑ șȕȐȏȐȓșȧ ǰȏ ȕȍȋȖ
ȉȖȌȘȖ ȊȣȗȘȣȋȕțȓȐ ȚȘȐ ȟȍȓȖȊȍȒȈ
ǬȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȣ șȘȈȏț ȗȖȌȝȊȈȚȐȓȐ Ȑȝ Ȑ ȗȖȕȍșȓȐ ȕȈ ȘțȒȈȝ
Ȓ ȊȖȘȖȚȈȔ ȊȐȓȓȣ
ǶȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ ȊșȚȈȊ ȕȈ ȒȘȈșȕȖȋȊȈȘȌȍȑșȒțȦ ȔȖȚȖȞȐȒȓȍȚ-
Ȓț ȖȉȘȈȚȐȓșȧ ș ȘȍȟȤȦ Ȓ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȈȔ
Ǫșȍ țșȐȓȐȊȈȦȡȐȑșȧ ȋțȓ ȕȍ ȌȈȓ ȅȌȐ ȊȖȏȔȖȎȕȖșȚȐ ȘȈȏȖ-
ȉȘȈȚȤ șȓȖȊȈ ȖȘȈȚȖȘȈ
Ƕȕ ȋȖȊȖȘȐȓ ȗȖ-ȊȐȌȐȔȖȔț ȕȍȌȖȓȋȖ ȕȖ ȏȈȎȐȋȈȚȍȓȤȕȖ ȐȉȖ
ȘȍȟȤ ȍȋȖ ȉȣȓȈ ȗȖȒȘȣȚȈ ȕȍșȔȖȓȒȈȦȡȐȔȐ ȒȘȐȒȈȔȐ
— ǻȘȈ
— ǻȘȘȈ
ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȣ șȚȐȝȓȐ
ǶȘȈȚȖȘ ȗȖȊȍȘȕțȓșȧ Ȓ ȊȐȓȓȍ Ȑ ȗȘȐ ȕȈȗȘȧȎȍȕȕȖȔ ȔȖȓȟȈ-
ȕȐȐ șȖȚȍȕ Țȣșȧȟ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȖȊ ȗȘȍȌȓȖȎȐȓ ȖȉȐȚȈȚȍȓȧȔ ȊȐȓ-
ȓȣ șȌȈȚȤșȧ Ȑ ȖȚȒȘȣȚȤ ȊȖȘȖȚȈ
ǭȔț ȕȐȒȚȖ ȕȍ ȖȚȊȍȚȐȓ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȉțȌțȟȐ țȊȍȘȍȕ Ȋ ȕȍșȖȒȘțȠȐȔȖȑ șȐȓȍ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐ-
ȚȈ ȍȡȍ ȕȈȒȈȕțȕȍ ȕȈȗȘȈȊȐȓ ȊșȦ șȊȖȦ ȊȕțȚȘȍȕȕȦȦ ȖȝȘȈȕț
ȕȈ ȘȈȏȓȐȟȕȣȍ ȉȈșȚțȦȡȐȍ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȧȚȐȧ

122
ǬȍșȧȚȖȒ ȓȈȒȍȍȊ Ȑ ȔȈȎȖȘȌȖȔ ȌȘȖȉȕȖ ȌȘȖȎȈȓȐ Ȋ ȏȈȌȕȐȝ
ȒȖȔȕȈȚȈȝ
ȅȌȐ ȘȊȈȕțȓȈșȤ ȉȣȓȖ Ȑȏ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȣ ȕȖ ȏȈȔȍȚȐȓȈ, ȟȚȖ ȍȊ-
ȘȈȏȐȑȞȣ ȊȖȊșȍ ȕȍ ȘȈșșȟȐȚȣȊȈȦȚ ȕȈ ȗȖȔȖȡȤ ȐȏȕțȚȘȐ Ȑ țȎȍ
ȗȘȐȕȐȔȈȦȚ ȔȍȘȣ Ȓ ȚȖȔț ȟȚȖȉȣ ȗȘȖȉȐȚȤ ȌȖȘȖȋț Ȋ ȊȐȓȓț
DzȘȖȔȍ ȚȖȋȖ ȖȕȈ șȖȖȉȘȈȏȐȓȈ ȟȚȖ ȍȍ ȗȖȗȣȚȒȐ ȉțȌțȚ ȕȈȗȘȈș-
ȕȣ ȊȍȌȤ ȖȕȈ ȕȐȟȍȋȖ ȕȍ șțȔȍȍȚ ȗȘȍȌȗȘȐȕȧȚȤ Ȍȓȧ ȗȘȍȖȌȖȓȍ-
ȕȐȧ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȑ ȗȘȍȋȘȈȌȣ
DzȚȖ ȉȣȓȐ ȗȘȐȉȣȊȠȐȍ ȍȑ ȕȍ țȌȈȓȖșȤ țȏȕȈȚȤ ȐȉȖ Ȋșȍ ȖȕȐ
ȉȣȓȐ ȖȌȍȚȣ Ȋ ȖȌȕȖȖȉȘȈȏȕțȦ ȔȍȠȒȖȊȈȚțȦ ȖȌȍȎȌț ȒȈȒ ȖȕȈ
șȘȈȏț ȗȖȕȧȓȈ — Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ
ǶȌȐȕ Ȑȏ ȕȐȝ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȖ ȗȖȌȖȠȍȓ Ȓ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȖȑ șȚȍȕȍ
ǶșȚȈȕȖȊȐȊȠȐșȤ Ȗȕ Ȋȣȕțȓ Ȑȏ ȒȈȘȔȈȕȈ ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȑ ȗțȓȤȊȍ-
ȘȐȏȈȚȖȘ ȕȈȗȖȓȕȍȕȕȣȑ ȉȍșȞȊȍȚȕȖȑ ȉȍȓȖȑ ȎȐȌȒȖșȚȤȦ, Ȑ ȔȍȌ-
ȓȍȕȕȖ ȖșȚȖȘȖȎȕȖ ș ȕȍȉȖȓȤȠȖȋȖ ȘȈșșȚȖȧȕȐȧ ȕȈȟȈȓ ȖȉȘȣȏ-
ȋȐȊȈȚȤ ȐȏȋȖȘȖȌȤ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȖȠȍȓȖȔȓȍȕȕȖ șȓȍȌȐȓ ȏȈ ȒȈȎȌȣȔ ȌȊȐȎȍȕȐȍȔ ȊȘȈ-
ȋȈ ǭȋȖ ȖȝȊȈȚȐȓ țȎȈș ȒȖȋȌȈ Ȗȕ țȊȐȌȍȓ ȟȚȖ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȍȞ Ȗȉ-
ȘȣȏȋȈȊ șȚȍȕț Ȋȏȧȓ ț ȉȓȐȏșȚȖȧȡȍȋȖ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȈ ȗȈȓȒț Ȑ
ȖȌȕȐȔ ȔȖȡȕȣȔ țȌȈȘȖȔ ȘȈȏȉȐȓ ȕȈ ȔȍȓȒȐȍ ȒțșȒȐ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖ-
Ȋȣȍ ȏȈȋȘȈȎȌȍȕȐȧ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȜȐȏȐȟȍșȒȐ ȟțȊșȚȊȖȊȈȓ ȔțȟȐȚȍȓȤȕțȦ ȉȖȓȤ ȖȚ ȥȚȐȝ
țȌȈȘȖȊ Ȑ ș ȠȐȘȖȒȖ ȘȈșȒȘȣȚȣȔȐ ȋȓȈȏȈȔȐ ȒȈȒ șȕȖȗ ȗȖȊȈ-
ȓȐȓșȧ ȕȈ ȗȖȓ
ȅȌȐ Ȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȖȉȔȍȕȧȓȐșȤ ȘȖȓȧȔȐ
ǹȗȖȒȖȑȕȈȧ Ȑ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȈȧ ȅȌȐ șȈȔȖțȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ ȎȌȈȓȈ ȗȘȐȝȖ-
ȌȈ ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑȞȍȊ Ǩ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȊȈȓȧȓșȧ ȕȈ ȗȖȓț ȉȖȘȔȖȟȈ ȗȘȖ șȍ-
ȉȧ ȒȈȒȐȍ-ȚȖ ȉȍșșȊȧȏȕȣȍ șȓȖȊȈ
ǭȊȘȈȏȐȑȞȣ ȠȓȐ, ȕȍ ȏȈȌȍȘȎȐȊȈȧșȤ
ǶȕȐ ȠȈȋȈȓȐ țȊȍȘȍȕȕȖ ȒȈȒ ȉțȌȚȖ ȚȣșȧȟȐ ȘȈȏ ȉȣȊȈȓȐ Ȋ
ȗȣȠȕȣȝ ȒȖȔȕȈȚȈȝ Ȑ ȒȖȘȐȌȖȘȈȝ ȗȖȉȍȎȌȍȕȕȖȋȖ ȌȊȖȘȞȈ Ǫȍȏ-
Ȍȍ ȉȣȓȖ ȗțșȚȖ ǵȈȒȖȕȍȞ ȖȕȐ ȊȖȠȓȐ Ȋ ȒȖȔȕȈȚț ȋȌȍ ȉȣȓȐ ȅȌȐ
Ȑ ǴȖȘȋȈȕ
ȅȌȐ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖ ȉȘȖșȐȓȈșȤ ȕȈȊșȚȘȍȟț ȊȖȠȍȌȠȐȔ ǶȌȐȕ Ȑȏ
ȍȊȘȈȏȐȑȞȍȊ țȊȐȌȍȊ ȍȍ șȚȘȍȔȐȚȍȓȤȕȖ șȖȘȊȈȓ ș ȋȖȓȖȊȣ ȒȍȘ-
ȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȑ ȠȐȠȈȒ Ȑ ȊȍșȍȓȖ șȔȍȧșȤ ȗȘȐȊȓȍȒ ȅȌȐ Ȓ șȍȉȍ
— ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ Ǻȣ — ȅȌȐ ȕȍ ȕȈȝȖȌȐȓȈ șȓȖȊ

ǶȕȈ țȎȍ ȕȍ ȊȐȌȍȓȈ ȒȈȒ ȖȉȕȈȎȐȓȐ șȊȖȐ ȋȖȓȖȊȣ DzȐșșȖ-
Ȋȍȕ Ȑ dzțȕșȍȕ ǶȕȈ ȎȐȓȈ ȚȖȓȤȒȖ ȖȌȕȖȑ ȔȣșȓȤȦ
«ǭȊȘȈȏȐȧ șȗȈșȍȕȈ»
— DzȈȒ ȥȚȖ șȓțȟȐȓȖșȤ" ǫȖȊȖȘȐ
— ǪȖ ȊȘȍȔȧ ȔȖȐȝ ȖȗȣȚȖȊ ȗȖ ȐȏȋȖȚȖȊȓȍȕȐȦ ȖȉȢȍȒȚȐȊȖȊ
Ȑȏ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ ȗȖ șȐșȚȍȔȍ ǴȍȑȍȘȓȐȕȋȈ ȖȒȈȏȈȓȖșȤ ȟȚȖ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕ
ȗȘȍȊȘȈȡȈȍȚ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚ Ȋ ȗȘȖșȚȖȍ șȚȍȒȓȖ Ǵȣ ȏȈȋȖȚȖȊȐȓȐ ȌȖ-
șȚȈȚȖȟȕȖȍ ȒȖȓȐȟȍșȚȊȖ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕȈ Ȑ ȗȍȘȍȊȖȌȧ ȍȋȖ Ȋ ȋȈȏȖȖȉȘȈȏ-
ȕȖȍ șȖșȚȖȧȕȐȍ ȖȒțȚȈȓȐ ȗȈȔȚțȐȕȖȊȣȔȐ ȋȈȏȈȔȐ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖ-
Ȋȣȍ ȜȓȖȚȐȓȐȐ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ DzȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȖȊȣȍ ȈȥȘȖȗȓȈȕȣ ȗȘȍȊȘȈ-
ȡȈȧșȤ Ȋ șȚȍȒȓȧȕȕȣȍ ȒȖȕȍȟȕȖ ȕȍ ȊȣȌȍȘȎȈȓȐ ȘȈȏȊȐȚȖȑ Ȑȝ
ȔȖȚȖȘȈȔȐ șȒȖȘȖșȚȐ Ȑ ȘȈșșȣȗȈȓȐșȤ
ǺȈȒȖȍ ȗȘȍȊȘȈȡȍȕȐȍ ȒȍȘȚȐȒȐȚȈ Ȋ șȚȍȒȓȖ Țȣ ȊȍȘȖȧȚȕȖ
ȕȈȉȓȦȌȈȓȈ ȗȘȐ ȕȈȠȍȔ «ȊȚȖȘȎȍȕȐȐ» ȊȖ ȊȓȈȌȍȕȐȧ ǴȖȘȋȈȕȈ
— ȏȈȒȖȕȟȐȓ ǹȖȒȖȓȖȊ, țȓȣȉȈȧșȤ
ǴȖȘȋȈȕ șȎȈȓșȧ Ȋ ȒȖȔȖȒ șȓțȠȈȧ șȗȖȒȖȑȕȣȑ ȏȊȍȕȧȡȐȑ
ȋȖȓȖș DzȐșșȖȊȍȕȈ ȗȘȖȐȏȕȖșȐȊȠȍȋȖ ș ȉȈȓȒȖȕȈ ȒȘȈȚȒțȦ ȘȍȟȤ
ȖȉȘȈȡȍȕȕțȦ Ȓ ȌȍȔȖȕșȚȘȈȕȚȈȔ
— ǺȖȊȈȘȐȡȐ ǶȚ ȐȔȍȕȐ ǾǰDz ǭȊȘȈȏȐȐ ȗȘȐȊȍȚșȚȊțȦ șȊȖ-
ȉȖȌȕțȦ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘșȒțȦ ǨȔȍȘȐȒț ǴȖȘȋȈȕ ȗȍȘȍȌ ȊȈȔȐ ȕȈ ȒȖ-
ȓȍȕȧȝ ǪȖȚ ȗȘȍȒȘȈșȕȣȑ șȐȔȊȖȓ ȚȖȋȖ ȘȈȌȖșȚȕȖȋȖ șȖȉȣȚȐȧ ȟȚȖ
ȗȖșȓȍȌȕȧȧ ȞȍȗȤ șȒȖȊȣȊȈȊȠȈȧ ȕȍ ȚȈȒ ȌȈȊȕȖ ȗȘȖȓȍȚȈȘȐȈȚ ǨȔȍ-
ȘȐȒȐ șȗȈȓȈ ǬȈ ȏȌȘȈȊșȚȊțȍȚ ǴȐȘȖȊȈȧ DzȖȔȔțȕȈ

Ǫ șȍȕȚȧȉȘȍ  ȋ ȉȣȓ ȊȣȏȊȈȕ Ȑȏ ǺȖȒȐȖ Ȋ ǴȖșȒȊț Ȍȓȧ ȗȍȘȍ-
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ȗȘȖȊȍȘȒț DzȖȔȐșșȐȐ ȗȈȘȚȐȑȕȖȋȖ ȒȖȕȚȘȖȓȧ Ȑ ȖȎȐȌȈȓ ȊȣȝȖȌȈ ȕȈ
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ȕȖȑ ȊȍȘșȐȐ ȉȣȓ ȗȘȐȋȖȊȖȘȍȕ Ȓ  ȋȖȌȈȔ ȏȈȒȓȦȟȍȕȐȧ ȉȍȏ ȗȘȈȊȈ
ȗȍȘȍȗȐșȒȐ Ǫ 1955 ȋ ȗȖșȓȍȌȖȊȈȓȈ ȕȖȊȈȧ ȊȍȘșȐȧ Ǩ dz ǵȈȋȐ ȧȒȖ-
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 ȋ ǵȈȋȐ ȉȣȓ ȘȍȈȉȐȓȐȚȐȘȖȊȈȕ dzȐȠȤ Ȋ  ȋ șȖȊȍȚșȒȐȍ ȊȓȈ-
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Ȓ ȘȈșșȚ Șȍȓț ǶȟȍȊȐȌȕȖ ȉȣȓ ȒȈȏȕȍȕ Ȋ ȚȖȚ Ȏȍ ȌȍȕȤ ȕȈ ȘȈșșȚȘȍȓȤ-
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ȘȧȌȍ ȋȈȏȍȚ — ©ǻȘȈȓȤșȒȐȑ ȘȈȉȖȟȐȑª ©DzȘȈșȕȣȑ ǹȍȊȍȘª ǪȖȓȖȋȌȈ

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