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Теги: weapons military affairs patent mortar
Год: 1927
Текст
1,633,710 June 28, 1927. H. NEWTON TRENCH MORTAR AND THE LIKE Original Filed Nov. 17, 1917
Patented June 28, 1927. 1,633,710 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. HENRY NEWTON, OE DABLEY, NEAB DEBBY, ENGLAND. TBENCH MOBTAB AND THE LIKE. Original application filed November 17, 1917, Serial No. 202,475, and in Great Britain March 22, 1916. Divided and this application filed March 11, 1922. Serial No. 543,001. (GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. I., 1313.) This invention relates to charges for trench mortars or other low pressure guns and has for its object to provide arrangements of propellant charges which will operate satis- 5 factorily in smooth bore mortars and in which the quantity of propellant may be varied to suit varying ranges of target and which will also operate more satisfactorily in use under varying conditions. !° The invention consists in a charge for trench mortars or other low pressure guns comprising a plurality of separate and dis- tinct parrs, one or more primary charges and one or more secondary charges, the pri- 16 mary charge or charges burning rapidly and thereby creating a temperature and pressure environment proper to ensure the complete combustion of the secondary charge, or charges. 20 The invention also consists in a charge of the above character in which the primary charge or charges may be confined in a com- bustion chamber. The invention further consists in a charge 26 of the above character in which the primary charge or charges may be carried in a com- bustion chamber provided upon the base of the projectile. The invention still further consists in a 30 charge for trench mortars or other high or low pressure guns in which the combustion chamber carrying the primary charge is pro- vided with ports for the emission of the pro- pellant gases. 35 The invention also consists in other de- tails and arrangements hereinafter described or indicated. My invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in 40 which:— . . Figure 1 shows one form of charge in ac- cordance with the invention adapted to be used with a gun of the trench mortar type; Figure 2 shows a modified form of charge; 40 Figure 3 shows a further modification of the invention as applied to a projectile pro- vided with wings or vanes. In carrying my invention into effect in one convenient manner as illustrated in Fig- ®® ure 1, I provide upon the base of the pro- jectile a a cylindrical or other extension b having gas emission ports b' provided there- in and adapted to receive the primary charge or charges c which may be ballistite or other similar explosive contained within the car- 55 tridge container d, a secondary charge e be- ing provided surrounding the extension Ъ in the manner shown. If desired, the secondary charge e may comprise two or more parts.so that it may be varied as may be required for 60 variation in range, and the said secondary charges may further be of any suitable form. If necessary or desirable, both primary and secondary charges may be located in the breech or base chamber of the gun instead 65 of being placed at the base of the projectile. In the1 form shown, wherein the projectile carries its own propellant charge, the mortar or like gun is provided with the usual striker pin fixed at the bottom of the barrel or, if TO desirable, the cartridges may be provided with a self-contained striker, in which case a flat topped stud or anvil only is fixed in the mortar, whereby the primer f attached to the base of the projectile is adapted to be fired TO when the projectile falls to the lower end of the barrel under the action of gravity. Again, the shell may carry a trip mecha- nism preferably adjustable so that it might operate the igniting cartridges at predeter- so mined points, giving a shorter or longer stroke for the shell, as may be required for range. If desired, the charge may comprise a sec- ondary slow burning charge or charges, such 85 as cordite, and a primary quick burning charge or charges, such as gun-cotton yarn. In the modification shown in Figure 2, the extension b containing the primary charge may be provided with ports g located at a 96 part adjacent the point of ignition of the propellant whereby the pressure and temper- ature of the propellant gases may be in- creased. I am well aware of the common use of a 95 primer as a means of igniting a large charge from a percussion cap, and I make no claim herein to such, primers, which are merely a means of applying a flame to the surface of the charge. 100 Figure 3 shows an arrangement where- by the invention is applied to a projectile provided with blades or vanes. In this case the propellant charge comprises secondary charges of slow burning explosive j, such as Ю5 cordite, and primary charges of quick burn-
2,633,710 slow burning or quick burning propellants 45 as may be found necessary, such modifica- tions coming within the scope of the inven- tion. Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let- 50 ters Patent is:— 1. A charge for trench mortal’s and other low pressure guns comprising a metal con- tainer having gas apertures, a primary charge within said container, and a second- 55 ary charge spaced from said primary charge by said container. 2. A projectile for trench mortars and other low pressure guns comprising a body portion containing explosive, a metal con- eo tainer at the rear end of said body portion having gas apertures, a primary charge in said container, and a secondary charge spaced from said primary charge by said container. вб 3. A projectile for trench mortars and other low pressure guns comprising a body portion containing explosive, tail vanes se- cured upon the end of said body portion, and a propellant charge located and retained 70 between said vanes. 4. A projectile for trench mortars and other low pressure guns comprising a body portion containing explosive, tail vanes se- cured upon the end of said body portion, 75 and a propellant charge formed in a plural- ity of distinct parts ' located and retained between said vanes. 5. A projectile for trench mortars and other low pressure guns comprising a body 80 portion, tail vanes secured thereon, a pri- mary charge adapted to burn rapidly, a secondary slower burning charge located and retained in proximity to said primary charge between said tail vanes. S5 In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification. HENRY NEWTON. S ing explosive /, such as gun-cotton yarn, each of these charges bping sewn or sealed up in a separate muslin or cellulose or other bag; it being obvious, however, that both the primary charge or charges and the secondary charge or charges may be inserted in a sin- gle' bag, the charges being located between the blades or vanes I having holes or slots n provided on their outer edges, as shown, through which wire or other binding mate- rial may be passed for the purpose of secur-, ing the bags to the projectile, it being un- derstood that the bags containing the charges may be formed of any suitable ma- terial, such as silk, celluloid or the like. Charges according to my invention com- prising one or more primary and one or more secondary charges may be applied with advantage to nigh pressure guns as well as to low pressure guns, and by such means erosion will be reduced to a minimum or prevented to a great extent, while at the same time the ranges obtainable will be con- siderably increased. By the use of such charges in long range guns the pressure can be raised in the fixed chamber of the gun to a predetermined ex- tent in a predetermined time, no matter what the size of the secondary charge may be, this being a matter of great importance, for example, in the case of howitzers in which varying charges are used in the same capacity chamber, so that by my invention, even with such varying charges, a definite and uniform rate of burning of the charge may be obtained. It will be understood that the invention is not to be confined to use with any particu- lar form of gun or mortar. Also that the location of the primary and secondary charges may be varied relatively to one an- other as both charges may, if necessary, be located within the base of the gun and, fur- thermore, such charges may comprise either