Автор: Никифорова Г.Г.
Теги: воспитание обучение образование народное образование педагогическая наука оборудование для кабинетов физики
ISBN: 5-7107-9023-0
Год: 2005
Текст
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paC'IeT 3apMa o,n:HOBaJIeHTHOrO 110Ha.
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4) ra6apJ1THbIe pa3r-..{epbI BeCOB B ynaKoBKe BMeCTe C .ueTaJISI\.fJ1 M fMp5IMH
He 60nee 290 x 130 x 55 MM, M3cca He 60Jlee 0,8 Kf.
Ha TIJTaCTMaCCOBblX ,n:eT3JUIX BeCOB B03MO)J(HO TIOSJBJIeHMe CTarnt:IeCKoro
I
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3TOMY rrepe.n HaqaJIOM pa60TbI peKOMeRilyeTc$I BJIaJKHOH neTOIIIblO HJUf Ba-
TOR npOTepeTb Hacyxo qallIKM M BepxHlO1O nOBepXHOCTb KpbIllIk'tf 4>yrJI5Ipa.
npJ1 M3MepeHHH MaCCbI Ha Becax Y'IliTbIBaeTCSI rrOfpelliHocTb 06YCJlOB-
lIeHHmr qyBCTBMTeJIbHOCTblO BeCOB H nOfpeIIlHOCTblO Jf3-3a HepaBHOllJIet:I-
HOCTli.
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HeMHO B03paCTaeT C yJ3eJIMt:IeHMeM MacCbI B3BeIIlliBaeMoro TeJIa. n pM M3K-
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TIo cpaBHeHl1lO C yJ<a3aHHbIMIf TIorpelliHOCT.HMll BeCOB rrorpeIIIHOCTblO
rnpb MO:>KHO npeHe6peQb.
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COB (pliC. 1.19) TIOJIO:>KeH paBHOllJIet:IMM: pbPIaf, y.nep:>KMBaeMbIM B 060MMe
C nOMOWblO rrpJ131\1IaTM'IeCKOH OCH. Ha KOHuax pb ara YCTaHOBJIeHbI BMH-
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HIBI KOTOpOM 200 Mr.
Ha pbflIare naparrJIeJIbHO ero OCM 3aKpenJIeHa IlIKaJIa «0 - 5» (r) C ne-
perpY3KOM. TIepeMemeHlife neperpY3Ka Ha O.n:HO .neJIeHlfe 3TOM IllKaJIbI 3K-
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CfI TO, qTO nplif pa60Te C HHMlf He HCnOJlb3YJOTCH MI1JIJIlifrpaMMOBbIe rl1pH
11 nI1HlJ,eT.
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Ha qmrypHoM pbIqare. K BecaM rrpllJIaraeTCfI Kopo6Ka C Ha6opoM rMpb: 5 r,
10 r, 20 r (211IT.), 50 r, 100 r.
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KOB. Becbl HaXO,lJ;SITCH B paBHOBeCIII1, eCJIlf neperpY30K Ha HIDKHeM IIlKaJIe
CMemeH B KpallHee JIeBOe nOJIOXeHlfe, a CTpeJIKa Haxo,aMTCfI Ha HYJIeBOM
,neJIeHllll BepxHeti IlIKMbI. ___
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2KeHlfIO rreperpY3Ka. TIorpelliHOCTb H3MepeHI1JI He 60lIee 200 MI:
1.7. (5.1.8) I1CTO'IHI1Kltt nOCTORHHoro
11 nepeMeHHoro TOKa
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II 3KcneplfMeHTaJIbHbIX YCTaHOBOK npl1 rrpOBeLleHHI1 <}JpOHTaJIbHbIX JIa6o-
paTopHbIX pa60T no 3JIeKTpo.n:llHaMMKe.
_ 060PY.l\OBAH'1E JJ,Jlfl POHTAJlbHbIX J1A6 PATOPHblX PA60T
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M I13J1 (pHC. 1.20, a).
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PYIOllJ,ee HanpSDKeHMe nOn.aeTCSI Ha KJIeMMbl l1JI11 rHe3.na «-» M +»
nOCT05lHHOfO TOKa.
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n peMeHHOrO Hanp5l:>KeHl:ISI.
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= U m Icos roll. Opl1 rro.aaqe TaKOrO Harrp.SI)KeHlffi B l.{errSIX C OMHQeCKOH Ha-
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pbI MarHHT03neKTpMQeCKOM CI1CTeMbI 1.29 nOKa3bIBalOT cpe,UHHe 3Ha'Ie-
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IOTC5I cpe,n:HHMM 3Hat.leHIDIl\.{I1.
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cax HCTQt.lHI1KOB TOKa OT CI1JIbI TOKa BO BHelllHeH u:errl1 HeJIHHeHHbIM xa-
paKrep 3aBI1CI1MOCTH U = e - Jr CBH3aH co CBoMcTBaMH ,D,110.n:OB MOCTa.
I1CTOt.IHI1KI1 BKJII01:laIOTCH B ceTb rrepeMeHHoro TOKa HarrpIDKeHMeM
42 B, KOTopoe no.naeTCH K cne"QHaJIbHbIM p03eTKaM JIa60paTopHbIX g?JIOB
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BaHHbIMH C p03eTKaMH l:I I1CKJIIOQalOIIlHMH lIX BKJIIOQeHlle B 3JIeKTpl11Je-
CKYJO ceTb HanpIDKeHMeM 220 B.
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l.{e 1.2.
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nepeMeHHOMY, If no rrYJIbCllpYIOIl..leMY TOKY, HarrpIDKeHMSJ Ha KOTopbIe rro-
n.aIOTCSJ OL1.HOBpeMeHHO. I1cro'lHI1K 113J1 cHa6)1(eH rrepeKJIIOQaTeJIeM rnna
Hanp5l)l(eHIUI, KOTopoe B 3aBI1CHMOCTIf OT rrOJlOXeHHSJ nepeKJIIO'1aTeIDl no-
.n:aeTCH Ha O,lJ;HY napy fHe3,D,.
III 06OPYJJ.08AH E J].JU! cI>POIiTAJ1bHbIX I1A60PATOPHbiX PA60T
Ta6nuu,a 1.2
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3)JC, B
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3)J:C. B
MaKCHMaJIbHaH clIJIa 1 OKa HarpY3KI1:
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HbIX Ha6opoB YHHBepCaJIbHOrO KOMnJIeKTa.lL7ISI OCHOBHOfi, cpe,UHei1 (rrolI-
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MeHM rrpl1 BbInOJIHeHMM JIa60paTOpHbIX paGoT no MeXaHJ1Ke, MOJleKYJIRp-
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KOCTH; 113MepeHMe KM 3JIeKTpHQeCKOrO HarpeBaTeJIH; 113MepeHMe 3apmIa
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1.34 M .up. '
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ll)TTOIII,l1e TeXHM'IeCKHe xapaKTepHcTMKM.
1) EMKOCTb lllKaJIbI: CeJ<yH,II:Hoi1 - 60 c; MIIHyrHOM - 30 MIfH.
2) UeHa JJ;eJIeHJUI lllK3J"lbI: ceKYHJ(HOM - 0,3 c; MIfHYTHOM - I MIfH.
3) KrIacc TOqHOCTH - BTOpoit
4) D,orrycTuM,a5.1 norpeIIIHOCTb B
nOJIO>KeHHM 3aBo.aHOM rOJIOB-
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HHlf; lf3MepeHne YlIeJIbHOM TeITJIOeMKOCTIif nelI{eCTBa; IifCCJIen;OBaHlfe ITJIaB-
neHI1SI BemeCTBa; HCCne,D,OBaHl1e 3aBlfCUMOCTM COnpOTI1BJIeHI1SI MenUlJIOB
11 nOJIynpOOO,D,HHKOB OT TeMnepaTyphI l1,D,p.
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CSJ JIa60paTopHbIX pa60T U pa60T npaKTIfK)TMa. llITaTI1BhI MOXHO I1cnonh-
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M KpellJIeHH5l nerKl1X rrpM6opoB.
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I
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Hoe 060pYD:OBaHMe: IllTaTllB 1.11, Ha60p rpY30B no MexaHMKe 1.15 M)JllHa-
MOMeTJ) 1.13. --,, =::::__
m 060PYP,OBAH&>1E WUJ pOP I HblX A6 PATOPHblX PA60T
OBOPynOBAHHE no MOHEKYHJlPHOH 4»H3HKE
H TEPMOnHHAMHKE
(5.1.10) Kanopl1MeTp
KanopHMeTp npe,QHa3HaQeH )UHf rrpOBc.n:eHIDI yqalllMMHc.SI
JIa60paTopHbIX paGoT npM H3YQeHIUf TerrJIOBbIX SJBJIeHHH.
Ero HCnOJIb3y:IOT .lI1I5I npOBe.ueHI1SJ CJIeL{YJOIIlMX JIa60paTopHbIX paGoT:
cpaBHCHHC OT.l(aHHOrO II nOJIyy.CHHoro KOJIMqeCTB TCrrJIOTbI npH CMeIIIHBa-
HHH Bon;bI pa3Hoti TCMnepaTypbI; H3MepeHMC y.ueJIbHOM TeIIJiocMKoCTM
TBcp,n:oro TeJIa; 113MCpCHMe y.neJIbHOM TerrJIOTbI IUTaBJICHHH JIb.ua; llCCJIe.no-
BaHl1e 3aBHCHMOCTll TCMncpaTypbI BO,QbI OT BpeMeHM ec HarpCBaHIUI; onpc-
.n:eJTCHHe KIUJ. 3JIeKTpl1QCCKOrO HarpeBaTeJISJ; M3yqeHMe ra30BbIX 3aKOHOB
H .n:p.
KanopHMCTp (pl1c. 1.38) COCTOHT H3 L{BYX cocY.D:on: BHeIIIHcro nOJIM-
3TJUIeHOBOro 11 BHyrpeHHero aTIIOMMHMeBoro. Ha llHe BHCIIIHcro cocYlia
llMelOTCH BblcTynbl, B KOTopbIe BCTaBJHleTCSJ BHYI'PeHHllll cocy.n:, o6ccnc-
t.illBa5I era YCTO:Hy.HBoe rrOJIO)l(eHHe.
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HllH BHClllHero cocy.na M aTIIOMMHMSJ,UJTSJ BHyrpcHHcro cocy,na 3Hat.IllTeJIb-
HO CHIDKaeT TeIUIoo6MeH C OKPY-
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KaJlOpHMeTpa
1) HapY)I(HblH .nMaMeTp BHelliHero
cocy.na 84 MM, BblCOTa 97 MM,
TOJIlL(HHa 60pTllKa B BepXHeti
-
- qaCTM 3,5 MM, TOJIID:llHa CTeHIGI
2,5 MM.
2) Hap bltI l1MaMCTp BHyrPCH-
Hcro cocy.ua 67 MM, BblCOTa
78 MM.
3) BMCCTHMOCTb BHyrpeHHero co-
cy.n:a He MeHee 250 MJI.
4) Macca KaTIOpHMeTpa He 60JIee
0,11 Kf.
PMc. 1.38
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1.23. (5.1.33) Ha60p Ten TIO KanOpt1MeTpt111
Ha60p rrpeAH33Ha4eH H onpeAeneHMR M cpaBHeHHR
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eMa, H3rOTOBJIeHHbIX 113 pa3JIH'IHbIX MaTepllaJIOB.
Ha60p (pliC. 1.39) COCTOI1T 113 Tpex TeJI UMJIHH):(pI14eCKO:H <pOPMbIOAMHa-
Konoro pa3Mepa M3rOTOBJIeHHbIX H3 CTaJIM naT)'Hlll1 aJIIOMMHIDI. Ha KaJK-
.n:OM UI1JIHHJJ:pe CBepxy 3aKpellJIeH KplOY.OK.
nOcne rrpOBe.neHIDl orrbITOB TeJIa Heo6xoJJ:HMO rrpOTepeTb Hacyxo.
---.,.
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I) ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI KIDK.II:OrO TeJIa: AuaMeTp 25 MM, BblCOTa (6e3
KplOy.Ka) 40 f\.H\lI.
2) ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI Ha60pa B ynaKoBKe He 60JIee 90 x 35 x 75 MM.
3) Macca Ha60pa B ynaKoBKe He 60JIee 0,5 Kf.
Ha60p Ten TIO MoneKynRpHoM cpl13t1Ke
M MeXaHMKe
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pOBaHlle IIJIOTHO:H yrraKOBKI1 aTOMOB B KpI1CTaJIJIax; 113MepeHMe KOJIlIlleCT-
Ba reIl{eCTBa.
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nepaTYPa KpMCTaJIJIH3aUl1H p030Boro Bem:CCTBa 45°C + 10%.
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1.10.
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1.29. (5.1.1; 5.1.4; 5.1.25)
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JIelll1e KaTYlliKH nopIDIKa 5 OM.
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TeJIb rrpl160pa. Ha 60KOBbIX CTopOHax 6pycKa no BceH )JJIHHe npope3aHhi
na3hl ,lJJllI YCTaHOBKlI If nepe,nBIDKeHH.SI 3lq)aHa.
Ha HIDKHeH QaCTl1 3KpaHa HaHeceHa lllKaJIa C MRJIJIMMerpOBbIMH .ne-
JIeHR.SIMH 11 HYJIeM nocepe.uHHe. CaHTl1MeT})oBble ,neJIeHH.SI IIIKaJIbI BrrpaBO
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yrOJIbHa.Sl rrpope3b.
TeXHH'IeCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKIf npu60pa
1) L{JUIHa 6PycKa 540 MM.
2) ,I:{JIMHa IIIKaJIbI 3KpaHa He MeHee 140 MM.
3) fa6apMTHble pa3MepbI 11p1160pa He 60JIee 550 x 220 x 65 MM.
4) Macca npM60pa He 60JIee 0,21 KI:
lJ:;uI npOBe.neHH5I pa60TbI C rrpM6opoM 3aKpen.IDlIOT ero .n:epJKaTeJIb
B JIanKe IIITaTl1Ba 1.11 Ha TaKO:H BbICOTe, IlT06bI rOpl130HTaJIbHO YCTaHOB-
JIeHHbIH 6PYCOK 6b1JI Ha YPOBHe rJIa3 Ha6JIIO.n.aTen.Sl. HanpaBJI.SIIOT IUeJIb
3KpaHa Ha HCTOIlHI1K CBeTa M Ha6JIIOlXalOT I.{BeTHble CneKTpbI Ha IlIKaJIe
no o6e CTOpOHbI OT IUeJIM. B KaqeCTBe MCTOqHHKa CBeTa l1CnOJIh3yJOT JIaM-
ny HaKaJUIBaHH5I C nepTHKaJIbHbIM pacnOJIO}I(eHHeM CTIl1paJIH, YCTaHOB-
neHHYIO Ha .n.eMOHCTpaUMOHHOM CTOJIe.
IIepeMem:a5I 3KpaH no 6PYCKY, Ha6JTIOlXalOT 3a M3MeHeHMeM nOnO)l(eHMSI
CneKTpOB Ha III KaJIe. BbI6HpalOT OI1THMaJIbHbIH BapMaHT nOJIO>KeHHSI 3K-
palIa, .n:aIOIIIHH qerKyro KapTl1HY rpaHHI.( CneKTpOB 11 MI1HIIMaJIbHbI no-
-"'-
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1.43. HHTep<pepOMeTp IOHra
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6JIIO.neHIDI .nH$paKl.{l1H M MHTeP<l>epeHUHM OT llBYX m:ene:H M II3MepeHIHI
.lUIHHbI CBeTOBoR BOJIHbJ.
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KBa,IJ;paTHOro CeqeHMSI pa3MepaMM 25 x 25 MM H MMHOH nopMKa 250 MM.
OIlTJ{qeCKa51 cxeMa HHTep<!>epOMeTpa npe.nCTaBJIeHa Ha pHCYHKe 1.62, 6.
_ 060PY.QOBAHL1E .QJUI C!lPOHTN1bHbIX J1A60PATOPHblX PA60T
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1) llIHpl1Ha rrepoo:H (BXO,lJ;Hoi.f) rn:eJIII IIHTep<}:>epoMeTPa 0,1 MM.
2) PaccToSIHMe 2t Me:>K1IY IUeIDIMH B .n:BO:MHOH llleJIH IOHfa 0,1 MM.
3) lliupuHa KIDK,I{OH ll3 Il(eJ1e:M B ,UBoHHO:H I.IJ;eJIH IOHra 0,025 MM.
4) PaccToHHHe L Me)l()JY,UBO:HHO:H lI.{eJIbIO IOHra 11 3KpaHOM (II3MepH-
TeJIbHOH ceTIGI) 100 MM.
5) UeHa.n:eJ1eHIUI H3MepI1TeJIbHO:H ceTKM-3KpaHa 0,2 MM.
6) YBeJIHQeHl1e OKYJUlpHO:H JII1H3bI r = 10.
7) CneKTpaJIbHbIH ,Ul1ana30H l13JIYtJeIDISI: CUHero CBeTO,lU1Qn:a 0,48-
0,55(MKM); KpacHoro CBeTO,U110,Ua 0 60-0 65 (MKM).
06opy osaHMe no onT,MKe &1 KBaHTOBO cPM3MKe m
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(4.4.45) Ha60p CIIeKTpanbHbIX Tpy60K
C WCTO"tlH1t1.KOM II1t1.TaHWR
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1.44.
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TPy6KH C JII06bIM (no 3aKa3Y) H3 qel.'bI-
pex ra30B: KHCJIOpO,U, reJIUH, HeOH,
aprOH. Pa3pa60TaHa M -rpy6Ka C BO-
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l.{MJIMH.l(pH\leCKI1X 6aJIJIOHOB, Coe.l(M-
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CneUMaJIbHOH BI1JIKM. TIpe06pa30BaTeJIb BbIpa6aTbIBaeT BbICOKOqaCTOTHOe
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cTyrr yqalI.{MXCSJ K BbICOKOMY HanpIDKeHl110 B npeo6pa30BaTeJIe.
flPM Ha61IIO,D,eHlu1 JIMHe:HqaTbIX CneKTPOB npl1MeHflel.'cfI JII1Go cneKTpo-
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J1 CTO'IHMK CBern CMOHTMpOBaH B TIJIacn"mCCOBOM Koprryce UHJIMH.D:PH-
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1) HanpIDKCHJfC TUlTaHJfSl 42 B.
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3) fa6apMTHbIe pa3MephI Koprryca 22 x
x 22 x 90 MM.
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npH3Ma 1, KOTOpaSI CJIYJKMT )J)Ul pa3JIO>KeHHH MCCJIe.ayeMoro nyqK.a CBeTa
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1.50 HecbI 3JIeKTpOHHbIe 100
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1.52 5.2.9 D:03HMeTp 103
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1.56 5.2.7 HaGop .lU1R IfCC11e.n.OBaHI1H npI1HII;HnOB paJJ.110ne- 112
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1.58 5.2.15; Ha60p ::UIeKTp0113MepIfTeJIbHbIX npJ.1GopoB 115
5.2.16 «Y Ie6HbIfi-2»
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1.60 Ha60p «DpaKTJ1KYM no 3JICKTpOJ1.J.1HaJ\.IHKe» 118
1.61 5.2.25 HaGop ,[(JUI 113yqeHI1JI TOKa B BaKYYMe 119
1.62 5.2.20 nMCTo.;leT GailJ1J.1CTW-lecKld::i: 121
1.63 5.2.24 nplf60p ll,JUI 113YQeHlUl JJ.e4>0pMaUMH paCTSDKCHIDI 121
1.64 5.2.18 npH60p roUl HCCJIenOBaHIDI 3ileKTJ)0)J.Bl1raTeJISI 122
H reHepaTopa nOCTOHHHoro TOKa
1.65 5.2.21 npl160p «MarnHTHoe nOJIC 3Cfo..UII1» 123
1.66 TepMoMeTp 3JleKTpOHHbIH 124
1.67 5.2.31 T paHc<pop taTOp pa3GopHblM: 126
\ 1.68 WKOJlbHaR Mai'IOra6apHTHaH onTJ.14eCKaR JIa60- 127
paTopHR Ha OCHOBe JIa3Cpa
1.69- 5.2.32 3HeKTpoHHblH KOHCTPYKTOP 128
1.70 KOMnJleKT 060pynoBaHI1S1 .QJ1R nOl(rOTOBKH K 129
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;n.aBneH11R 11 TeMTIepaTypbl;
TIOCTORHHoro 11 nepeMeHHoro
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7) ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI 180 x 75 X 35 MM.
8) Macca nplf60pa He 60nee 400 r.
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1.48.
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060PYAOBaHMe AJlJj npaKTMKYMa lID
-...
1.60. Ha60p «IIpaKTl1KYM no 3neKTpOA11HaMl1Ke»1
Ha60p npen:Ha3Ha 1 IeH Jl)UI npone.neHluI OKOJIO 60 pa60T
rrpaKTMKYMa M 60Jlee 200 3KcnepIfMeHTaJIbHbIX 3MaHMH.
B COCTaB Ha60pa (pMC. 1.86) Bxon:m:
1) CrreUllaJIbHa51 MaKeTHa.SI ruIaTa D.JUI c60pKM H3yqaeMblX KOHCTPYKUlli1;
coe.nI1HeHlle n:eTaJIen 3JIeKTPlly.ecKoH cxeMbI npOH3BOn;I1TC5I nocpe.n-
CTBOM 12-TI1 npf)KMHHbIX KOHTaKToB;
2) Ha60p AeTaJIeH, KOTopble YCTaHOBJIeHbI Ha onopHbIX rrJIOlllMKaX C YC-
JIOBHbIMI1 rpa<pIfQecKHMll 0603HaQeHJUIMI1 M cHa6)1(eHbI coen:MHIITeJ1b-
HbIMH BbIBo.n;aMM: nepeMeHHbIe pe311CTopbI conpOTIIBJIeHMHMll 1 KOM
(1 IIIT.) 11 470 KOM (1 lIlT.); pe311CTopbl conpOTIIBJIeHMH ll: 10 OM
(I IIIT.), 20 OM (1 IIIT.), 30 OM (I IIIT.), 51 OM (1 lIlT.), 100 OM (1 IIIT.),
200 OM (1 IIIT.), 300 OM (1 IIIT.), 1 KOM (2 lIlT.), 10 KOM (2 IIIT., O,lUIH
H3 HI1X A06aBOQHblR K BOJIbTMeTPY), 360 KOM (2 IIIT.), 0,03 OM (Ill}'HT
K aMnepMeTpy 1 IIIT.); ,[{HOA .K)J;209 (2 IIIT.); )J,110n: ,il9 (llIlT.); CBeTO-
llllOlI AJI307 (2 lllT.); TpaH311cTopbI: KT315 (n-p-n-TMna 3 IIIT.),
KT209 (p-n-p-TMna 2 lllT.); KOHIXeHcaTopbI eMKOCT5IMM: 1 MK<1>
(2 IIIT.), 10 MK<D (I nrr.), 22 MK<1> (2 IIIT.), 1000 MK<I> (2 IlIT.); JIaMIIbl Ha-
KaJIHBaHIDI C xapaKTepllCTMKaMM 6,3 B 0,3 A (3 lIlT.); TeJIeq:,OHHble Kan-
CIOJII1 TOH -2M (2 lIlT.); coen:MHIITeJ1bHble ITpOBo.na (6 IIIT.);
3) KHMrl1: «3KcnepHMeHTaJIbHble 3a,l(aHM5I ITO 3JIeKTpo,[{I1HaMliKe (YY.MMCSI
pMII03JleKTpOHI1Ke »> C onHcaHIDIMM 60JIee 200 3KcnepllMeHTaJIbHbIX
3MaHMH If «npaKTMKYM no 3JIeKTpoAliHaMI1Ke>} C OIIIICaHI15IMH 58 Jla-
6opaTopHbIX pa6oT.
., t
,.
.
"Wit> _=
". .
-L
J
f2IJ r -f"='"
." --..-:'=--- .:.._ '.
- _no ----, _,..,-r':" -1:'
--:;,10:..--- .:: wr.. .:.=_ L.::.;,#.:
. GI
= ;;,;: :.- I - }l '
. : ;:t _ _ . f _ _ _ _ _ ; f : - '. '
_ .::;2 ...-;
, , .
!S fs
P\.tc. 1.86
--=. -- ...r """-
I Onl1CaHlfe Ha60pa no.n:rOTOBJleHO Hapo.nHbIM yqlITeJ1eM CCC K. n. H.
n. n. [OJIOBJ.1HbIM.
11m 060PYAOBAH E }J,JU1 nPAKT KYMA
1.61. (5.2.25) Ha60p ARR 113Y"leH11R TOKa
B BaKYYMe 1
Ha60p npe,n:Ha3HaQeH )],JUI nponeJ{eHIDl Ha6mo,n:eHIUI
H KOJII1y:eCTBeHHbJX HCCJIenOBaHHH n:BlUKeHHSI 3JIeKTpOHOB B CTaTMy:eCKHX
11 CTaIU10HapHbIX 3..-.eKTpOMafHI1THbIX nOJISIX, Mo,n:eJIHpOBaHIDl TaKlIX Tex-
HIfQeCKMX YCTpOHCTB, KaK Ba '{Hble J{MO,n:, TpHOn: M aBTOKOJIe6aTeJIbHbI:H
reHepaTOp.
Ha60p HCrrOJIb3yroT WISI npOBeneHIDI CJIen:YlOllU1X pa6oT: Ha6JIJOne-
Hl1e n:efiCTBIfSI MarHMTHoro nOJI$! Ha 3JIeKTpOHbI H MarHJITHaSI q,0KYCM-
pOBKa; Ha6JIIOneHI1e HBJIeHHSI TepM03JIeKTpOHHOfi 3MMCCMM; I1CCJIeJ{OBa-
HMe BOJIbT-aMnepHofi xapalcrepHCTI1Kll BaKYYMHoro ,n:Mo.n.a, ero O,UHOCTO-
pOHHeH npOBo,n:HMOCTM M BnllHHI1H MarHHTHoro nOTOKa Ha BeJIMQMHY
aHOl(Horo TOKa; MCCJIe.n.OBaHHe aHo,n:HbIX ceTOY:HbIX xapaKTepMCTI1K TpH-
ona; MCCJIe,n:OBaHl1e pa60TbI aBToKoJIe6aTeJlbHOrO reHepaTopa 3JIeKT})OMar-
HHTHbIX KOJIe6aHHll.
B COCTaB Ha60pa nxon;SIT (pMC. 1.87, CJIena HanpaBO): npH60p Y,[(T-l
(yqe6HblM nHon: - TpHOn:) B Kopnyce; 6JJOK nmaHI1H; naHeJIb co cnel.{l1-
aJIbHblM TpaHcq,opMaTopOM 11 KOH.D:eHCaTOpaMI1 .lJ)UI C60PKM KOJle6aTeJIb-
HOfO KOHTYpa (naHeJIb nOCTanJISIeTC.SI no OT,n:eJIbHOMY 3aKa3Y).
npu rrpOBeneHMM C Ha6opOM JIa60paTopHbIX pa60T B KaQeCTBe M3Mepn-
TeJIbHbIX npl160pOB MOryr MCnOJIb30BaTbCH Ha60p 3JIeKTp0l13MepHTeJIbHbIX
npM60poB 1.58 IDIH aMnepBOJIbTMeTJ) I.Ufq,POBOH YHHBepCaJIbHbIH 1.48.
npH Ha6JIIOneHHH n;eHCTBI1H MafHHTHoro nOJIH Ha 3JIeKTPOHbI McnOJ1b3Y-
\ eTCH MafHHT 1.32.
- ---..-
2
/
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.
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i
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-
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-
.
PMC. 1.87
I OnHcaHHe Ha60pa COCTaBJIeHO COBMeCTHO C B. B. CeMeHoBblM.
P6oPYAoBaHHe AJlSI npaKulKYMa, l1li
Opl16op Y)1T -1 (pHC. 1.88)
npe.LJ;CTaBJlSIeT co6o:H BakJ1YM.l1-
pOBaHHbI:H cocyn C CliCTeMO:H
3JJeKTpon:OB: KaTon:, ceTKa, aHoJI:.
KaTOJ{ BbIITOJIHeH B Bl1,lLe HMTe:H;
aHO,L:{ - nJIaCTI1Ha, KBaapaTHbIe
CCfMeHTM nonepXHOCTM KOTOPOH
ITOKpbITbi JIIOMHH0<pOPOM, cneTR-
lI.{I1MCR nOlI ,Qei1cTBMeM 3JIeKT-
pOHOB.
npH60p Y.lIT -1 MMeeT lIBe
KOHCTPyKTl1BHMe OC06CHHOCTM.
Bo-rrepBblx, aHO.u nOKpbIT JIIOMll-
HOq:.OPOM, a BO-BTOpbIX, 3JIeK'TpO-
,L:{bI liMelOT nJIOCKYIO CTPYKTYPY.
ITepBa51 oco6eHHocTb rrpMBO.lUIT
K B1l3YaJIH3aU,I1M Bcex npoueCCOB,
npOllCXOJI:SIlQl1X B HCCJle.nyeMbIx
HBJICHMRX. npM .uei1cTBMli CHJIbI
JIOPCHUa Ha 3JIeKTPoHbI HeKOTO-
pble 113 HMX MOryr rrOKHHYTb npo-
CTpaHCTBO Me)lQJy KaTO,L:{OM 11 3HO-
,aOM, LITO rrpl1BO,L:{I1T K M3MeHeHI11O
CHJIbI TOKa B uenM.
TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepnCTUKH
npu60pa Y,IJ;T-I
1) HanpfJJKeHHe, nO,QaBaeMoe Ha
Karo.ll, = 6,3-7 B.
2) npe,QeJIbI M3MeHeHIDI CeToq-
Horo HarrpffiKeHMSI OT -lOB ,L:{O
PMC. 1.88 20 B. --... -:::-__
3) MaKCMMaJIbHOe aHo,aHoe Ha-
npR}J(CHMe 50 B.
4) MaKCHMaJIbHasr CHJIa aHOAHoro TOKa 60 MA (npl1 U a = 50 B, U c =
= 20 B).
5) BXO.ll.HOe HanpIDKeHl1e 6JIOKa III1TaHH5I = 36-42 B.
CneU;llaJIbHbIII TpaHc«popMaTop HMeeT ABe 06MOTKM C O,L:{MHaKOBbIM
QI1CJJOM BMTKOB. fIPM c60pKe reHcpaTOpa O,L:{Ha 113 06MOTOK TpaHcqmp-
MaTopa HBIDleTCH KaTYlliKoit 06paTHoi1 CBH311; ,L:{pyraH 06MOTKa BMecrc
C KOH.D;eHCaTOpaMI1, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIMli pHJI:OM C TPaHC<popMaTOpaMI1, BXO-
,aHT B COCTaB Kone6aTeJlbHOrO KOHTypa.
40,0
>:
cy
E
o
o
24,0
KaTO.n
AHO.Q
O
o
OM
00_
CeTKa
06OPYAOBAH EAn nPAKT KYMA
........
(5.2.20) IIlIlcToneT 6anRl1CTlIl'ieCKlIlM
TII1CTO.iIeT 6aJIJII1CTUqecKHM npe,n:Ha3HaQeH LUIH BblnOJ1He-
HIIH pa60T npaKTJU<YMa no MexaHllKe: MCCJIeJ{OBaHue 3aBllCI1MOCTI1 CMJIbI
ynpyrocTM OT Y.D.JlllHeHllH npY)l(l1HbI; onpe,n:eJIeHl1e )KeCTKOCTM np)')KMHbI;
MCCJIe.n:OBaHMe 3aBUCUMOCTM aJIbHOCTli nOJIeTa CHapHJ{a OT yr!la BbIJIeTa;
onpe,n:eJIeHMe ,n:aJIbHOCTH nOJ1eTa CHapH,l!a npM rop1l30HTaJIbHOH CTpeJIb6e;
cpaBHeHl1e pa60TbI CMJIbI yrrpyrOCTli C 113MeHeHMeM KMHeTUQeCKo:f1 3Hep-
ruu TeJIa.
OCHOBY KOHCTPYKll.MH npll60-
pa (pMC. 1.89) COCTaBJUleT npy-
)KUHa, KOTopaH )l(eCTKO CB.SI3aHa
c npOBOJI04HOM paMKo.i1. TIpo-
.n:OJIbHble CTOpOHbI rrpOBOJIOqHOM
paMKIf nepeMemalOTC.SI B,n:OJIb 60-
KOBbIX nOBepXHocTe:f1 npM6opa.
Ha 60KOBbIX CTOpOHax 3TOH paM-
KM nOllBU>KHO 3aKpeTIJIeHa paMKa
co CTpeJ10'lHbIM YKa3aTeJ1eM noce-
pe.rrMHe. Ha OTKpbITbIX KOHUax
npOBOJIOQHOH paMKM C nOMOmblO
BMHTOB 3aKpellJIeHa KpyrJIaJI I1JIa-
CTMaCCOBa51 nnomMKa C J{BYMH
MeTaJIJIWleCKHMM IlInMJIbKaMM,
I Ha KOTopbIe Kmij]:yr rnapMK. Ha
\ nJIOl.l.{a,aKe I1MeerC51 yrJIy6JIeHIIC,
1 MCnOJI:b3yeMoe npM BepTIfKaJIbHOM CTpeJIb6e M3 nMCTOJIeTa.
B C:>KaTOM COCTOHHMM npYJKMHa nHCTOJIeTa Yllep)KJ1BaeTCH npOBOJI01:{-
HUM KPI9qKO:M O,n:MH KOHell KOToporo 3aKperuIeH Ha Kopnyce npu6opa,
a 'BTOPOH - 3aBOJU1TCH B Cnell:MaJIbHOe OTBepcrne 60KOBOU nOBepXHOCTM
, TIJIOIllallKH. C nOMOIIIblO HMTlf MexaHH3M TIUCTOJIeTa npMBon;f£T B Ae:f1cTBMe.
)1JI5I onpe.n:eJIeHMH yrJIa BbIJIeTa CHapR,n:a npM CTpeJIb6e rrpM60p OCHa-
\" meH yrJIOMepOM C ueHoH ,n:eJIeHI1H 15° 11 OTBeCOM. Ha Kopnyce npu60pa
<'
yc:raHOR3IeH MeTaJlJIMQeCKI111 cTep:>KeHb.
npM pa60Te C np1l6opoM .rrorrOJIHMTeJIbHO McnOJIb3yeTcH lllTaTI1B 1.11.
1.62.
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i,
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PMC. 1.89
1.63. {5.2.24} TIpM6op}].nR 113yqeHMR 1J.e«l>opMa MM
paCTR>KeHMR
TIpl160p npe.n.Ha3Ha'leH .lJJlSJ MCCJIeJ{OBaHMR .ueq,opMaUI111
rrpOBOJIOKM. C HcnOJ1b30BaHMeM 3Toro npM60pa MO:>KHO npOBeCTI1 I1CCJIe-
,l!OBaHUe 3aBMCMMOCTI1 YD.JIMHeHIDI npOBOJTOKU OT HarpY3KI1 11 M3MepMTb
MO.lIYJIb IOHra.
06opytlOBaHMe WUI npc!KUIKYMa mJ
-
*'
OCHOBHOM qaCThIO npM60pa (pl1c. 1.90)
.SIBJUleTC.SI MeXaHWIeCKMtf YCillII1TeJIb, BbI-
nOJIHeHHbIti B Bl1,IJ,e .QBYXCTYITeWIaTOro 6JIO-
Ka, HaCIDKeHHoro Ha OCb. ECJUI R M r -
pa,LJ,MYCbI cryrreHeti, TO K03<P<PMl.{MeHT YCI1-
JIeHIDI paneH R . Ha OCM pacnOJIaraeTCSI
r
CnelUIaJIbHaSI HaCa.rI:Ka C rpa.uYCHOll IIIKa-
JIOH.
npl1 c60pKe 3KcnepMMeHTaJIbHOli YCTa-
HOBKH OlU1H KOHel.{ npOBOnOKM 3aKpeITJISJ-
eTC.SI B CTep:>I\.'HC. B KaqeCTBe HarpY3Kl1 I1C-
nOJIb3yeTc51 Ha60p rpY30B no MexaHlIKe
1.15. OTCqeT YfJIOB npOBOllJITCH no TOHKOM
rrpope3M B KpOMKe .lU1CKa 6JIOKa.
:
.
PMC. 1.90
1.64. (5.2.18) IIpM60p
}:\nR 11ccne)J.OBaH11R 3neKTpo}:\B11raTeJlR
\1 reHepaTopa nOCTORHHoro TOl<a
fIpl160p npe,aHa3HaqeH.IT)l5I I1CCJIe.QOBaHJUI pa60TbI ::meKT-
pl1QeCKOR Mallll1HbI nOCTOSIHHoro TOKa B pe)l(lfMe !l.BMraTeJISI M reHepaTopa.
3TOT npl160p I1CnOJIb3)'1OT .IT)l5I npOBe,n:eHMSJ CJIe.nylOllll1x pa6oT: I1ccne-
,lIOBaHl1e pa60TbI 3JIeKTpMQeCKOH ManUIHbI nOCTOSJHHoro TOKa B pe}l(llMC
,n:BHraTClliI; M3MepeHHe K.Il)J; .D.BMraTeJISI; I1CCJIe,aOBaHMe pa60ThI 3JIeKTpM-
'leCKOM MaIIII1HbI nOCTOSIHHoro TOKa B pe)KJ1Me reHepaTopa; 113Mep.eHMe
KII):( reHepaTopa. ....-
npl160p COCTOHT 113 .D.BYX ,n:BMraTeJIe:f1 COOCHO YKpeIVICHHbIX Ha rra HeJII1.
BaJIbI ):{nMraTeJ1eM COe,lII1HeHbI BTYJIKOH, KOTOpa.SI O):{HOBpeMeHHO .SIBJISIeTCSI
MaJIbIM IIIKI1BOM. MaJIblH IIIKMB coe,n:MHeH C 60nhllll1M C nOMorn:blO pe311-
HOBoro naCCIfKa. Ha OCM C 60JIbllII1M lllKMBOM I1MCeTC.SI 6JIOK MSJ HaMaThl-
BaHIDI HI1TI1 C nOMorn:blO KOTOPOH nO,lIHMMaeTCSI rpY3. Ha naHeJID TaIOKC
YKpeIUIeHa JIaMnOQKa. nplI60p cHa6)1(eH KOHl.{eBbIM BbIKJIIOQaTeJIeM.
3JIeKTJlWleCKM. cxeMa coe.[(I1HeHMH ):{BHTaTen.SI npe,n:CTaBJIeHa Ha PH-
CyJIKe 1.91, a.
.l(BIDKyrrU1eC.SI ,n:eTaJIli npl160pa 3aKpblThI llJIaCTMKOBOR flJIaCTMHOH.
Ha naHeJIIi YKpefiJIeHbI ,lIBe KJIeMMbI OT IlleTOK MalIIMHbI 11 naMnOQKa
-----
1m 060PYl¥>BAH .:t.r I PAKU1KYMA
K aMnepMeTpy
0
:>.
0. .....
"
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I ::;
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t::: I
0
rc
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)-
PM.c. 1.91
o
\ C KJIeMMaMI1. TIpli npOBe eHI1I1 onbITOB np1l6op (pl1c. 1.91,6) 3aKperuulIoT
B Myq)Te lllTaTIIBa 1.1, YCTaHOBJ1eHHOfO Ha KpalO CTOJ1a.
. HanpR>KeHlfe I111TaHHSI npH60pa 4-12 B. OHO nO.n.aerCH OT HCT04HllKa
I
. TIIfTaHIilI JI,Jl5I npaKTI1K)'Ma 1.53.
,/'
/
\ 1.61:. (5.2.21) IIP1160p «MarHJ.1THOe none 3eMnl1»
\...
-1 -_;........... . TIp1l6op npe.l!Ha3HaQeH l1JUI onpe,QeneHIIH fOp1l30HTaTIb-
Hon COCTaBJISIlOllle:f1 BeKTopa MarHI1THOH HHAYKl(I1H MarnHTHoro I10JIH
3eMJIH.
np1l6op (pl1c. 1.92) npe.n.CTaBJ15IeT coGoif KaTYlliKY ,lUIaMeTPOM 0,21 M,
co,n:ep}KalllY lO llleCTb BHTKOB 1130J111pOBaHHoro npOBo.na. B l.{eHTpe KaTYlli-
KH Ha ropll30HTaJIbHo:f1 ruroru:auKe pacI10JIO}KeHa Manll1THa51 CTpenKa.
C1'peJ1Ka HaXOlll1TCH B Kopnyce, Ha KOTOpOM lfMeeTCH IllKaJIa D.JISI OTCqeTa
yrJIa nOBopO'ra. Kopnyc CTpeJ1KH 3aKpenneH TaK, qTO JII1HI1.sI 0-180° IlIKa-
JIbI COBna,aaeT C nnOCKOCTblO Ka1}'llIKlf. JLmr Toro QTo6bI He llCKIDKaTb Mar-
HMTHoe none, lllTaTliB npH60pa M3fOTOBJIeH 113 HeMarHllTHbIX MaTepMaJIOB.
060PYAQBaHMe AJlJI npaKTMKYMa, 1m
TIpM BbInOJIHeHMM 3KCnepHMeHTa
M3MepHeTC5.I yrOJI OTKJIOHeHMH Mar-
HHTHOM erpelIKH npM pa3JlHqHbIX
3HaqeHI1HX CHJIbI TOKa B KaTYIIlKe,
CTJ)OHTCH rpaQ:>HK 3aBMCI1MOCTH TaR-
reHC3 ynla OTKJIOHeHMH CTpeJIKil 01'
BeKTopa MarHl1THOM llHJIYKl1,HM Mar-
HHTHoro nOJI5.I KaTYlllKM. M no yrJIY
HaKJIOHa rpacpMKa K ropH30IITaJIb-
HOH OCH OTIpe.n:eJHleTCH rOpl130HTaTTb-
Ha5I COCTaBJI5IIOIIJ:3JI BeKTopa MarHHT-
HOM MHJIYKUliH MarHMTHoro nOlIn
3eMJII1.
.l(JUI npOBe eHIDI OTIbITa He06-
XOnMMO .n:onOJIHHTeJIbHOe 060py.n:OBa-
Hl1e: I1CTOQHI1K nHTaHMSI.wrn npaKTII-
K)'Ma 1.53, l.{M<PPOBO:H MYJIbTMMCTp, HanpllMep, M3 KOMTIJIeKTa «3JIeKTpo-
llHHaMHKa» 1.59.
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PHC. 1.92
1.66. TepMOMeTp 3Jle1<TpOHHbIW 1
TepMoMeTp 3JIeKTpOHHbIH T3 H -5 npeD:Ha3HaQeH JL7Ul H3-
MepeHM5I TeMnepaT)'pbI pa3JIMQHbIX cpen B l1ana30He 01' -60 ,n:o 200°C
C IICKpeTHOCTblO nOKa3aHll:H 0,1 °c.
TIpII60p (pMC. 1.93, a) BKJIIOQaeT B ce6n H3Mepl1TeJIbHbIH m:yn D,JIMHOJf
150 MM, nOD.KJIlOqeHHblH BMTbIM coe,n:MHHTCJIbHbIM Ka6eJIeM J]JfI1HOtf 1 M
K 3JleKTpOHHOMY 6JIoKY, BbInOJIHeHHoMY B IIJIaCTMaCCOBOM Kopnyce pa3-
MepaMM 120 X 70 x 22 MM. 113MeplITeJIbHbIJf Il(yII npe.uCTaBJU1eT co6oti '\,
CTIUIbJIylO nOJIyJO Tpy6KY Hap)7)KHbIM .D:llaMeTpOM 3 MM C nrraCTMaCCOBOH
pYQKOH, Ha KOHue 113MepMTeJIbHOrO 1.I..J.YTI3 YCTaHOBJIeH TepMOQYBCTBI1TeJIb-
HbIM TOHKOruIeHOQHbIti ::meMCHT. Ha 60KOBO:H nOBepXHOCTM Koprryca npl1 - __
60pa MMeeTCH KHonKa BKJIIOQeHIUI-BbIKJIlOqeHIDl npM6opa, a Ha 3auHei1
nOBepXHOCTM Kopnyca - OTceK IIIITaHII5.I C oT.n:eJUlIOIIJ:eHCH KpbIlliKOtf,
B KOTOpOM YCTaHOBJIeH 3JIeMeHT nMTaHI1SI HanpH)I(eHl1eM 9 B.
113MepcHHe TeMneparypbI cpe.ubI OCym:CCTBJISIeTCSI npM KOHTaKTe C HeM
TepMope3l1cropa, conpOTMBJIeHlle KOToporo MeHHeTCH B 3aBMCllMOCTM 01'
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pa30BaHMe aHaJIOrOBOrO CMffiaJIa B UI:lij)POByIO ij)OPMY lf3 YCJIOBMSI N =
= U BX / U on , rlle N - nOKa3aHI1H )I(ll,LI,KOKpMCTaJIJIlf4eCKOrO M MKaTOpa
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pyeTc$I 3HaK «-». npH pa3pH e MCTOQHIIKa nlITaHHH HM:>Ke .n:OnycTI1MOrO
3Ha4eHMR Ha )l(KJ1 nOHBJUleTC$I 3HaK pa3pMa 6aTapeM.
TeXHJI1IeCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH TepMOMerpa
1) OCHOBHaH nOrpelliHOCTb M3MepeHJU.r TCMnepaTYP + 0,2 °C.
2) Pa3pemalOll.{a.Sl crroco6HoCTb (llMcKpeTHocTb) 0,1 °c.
3) nOKa3aTeJIb TenJIOBOM I1HepIllI1I He 60Jlee 30 c.
1.67. (5.2.31) TpaHctPopMaTop pa360pHbIH
TpaHccpopMaTop (pMC. 1.94, a) npellHa3HaQeH ,UJISlI13yqe-
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60TbI: M3yqeHI1e YCl'pORCTBa TpaHccpopMaTopa 11 I1CCJle.nOBaHMe 3aBHCJf-
MOCTM K03ij)ij)I1UI1CHTa TpaHccpopMal.{MH OT Ql1cna BI:ITKOB; M3MepeHHe
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Topa OT HarpY3KJ1.
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nepBMQHaH oGMoTKa, no.nKJIlO4aeMaH K HCTOqHIiKY HanpIDKeHHH 42 B;
.n:Be BTOpJ1qJIbIe 06MOTKH - CTallMOHapHaH II .n:onOJIHMTeJ1bHaH, C H3Me-
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]) HanpSDKeHIfe nIfTaHIfH TpaHc<pop mTopa 42,0 + 4,2 (B).
2) HanpIDKeHHe <popMHpyeMoe cTaliMoHapHoM 06MOTKOM 5,0 + 0,5 (B).
MaKCHMaJIbH3JI CliJIa TOKa cTaUHoHapHolI 06MOTKH 2 A.
3) MaKCIf faJIDHOe HanpIDKeHMe, c}JopMHpyeMoe .n:onOJIHMTeJIbHott 06 fOT-
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4) K03<pQ:H1:I1IfeHT nOJIe3HOrO JIeMCTBIHI.: rrpH JaMKHyrOM MarHMTonpOBO-
n;e 80%, npM pa30MKHyrOM f\mrHMTOnpOBon;e 50%.
5) fa6aplITHbIe pa3MepbI 100 x 125 x 65 MM.
1.68.
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na60paTOpJ.1.R Ha OCHOBe na3epa 1
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QeHHOM no cxeMe C 06I..UMM 3MIITTCpOM 11M60 C 06mefi 6a30n; c60pKa rrpM
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5) 6pYCOK - KapeTKa 113 fIJIaCTHKa C MarHMTOM JJ)UJ yrrpaBJIeHI1J[ .n:a'NHKaMl:l,
KplOY.KOM M rHe3.aaMH ,UJlSJ YCTaHOBKM OllHoro MJIM llBYX rpY30B; 6) ceKYH-
llOMep 3neKTpOHHbIH, 06eCneQMBalOIllMH M3MepeHMe MHTepBaJIOB BpeMe-
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HOBe repMeTWlHbIx MarHHTOynpaBJUlcMbLX KOHTaKTOB; 7) rpY3 CTaJIbHOM
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2) IIpoBooumb uCCAeooBaHun 3MnUpU&leCKUX 3aKOHO.MepHOC-
meii: 3aBMCHMOCTH MOJIYlliI CIDIbI yrrpyrOCTM OT .n:e<t>opMaUI1H npY)l(llHbI
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C$I 3a,.a,aHlieM Ha HeM COOTBeTCTBYIOIl{erO ynpaBJISJIOIl{ero HarrpIDKeHJUI,
KOTopoe C03D.aeTC51 Cnel.J,l1aJIbHbIM YCI1JIHTeJIeM, ynpaBJISJeMbIM nOTeHQ.H-
OMeTpOM «F /fu). KIDK.Uoe 113 CcpOpMHpOBaHHbIX HarrpIDKeHHM nOCTYTIaeT
Ha rrepeKJIIOQaTeJIb S2 «<D0pMa). C rrepeKJIIOQaTeJTSJ BbI6paHHbIM ClfrHaJI
rrocTynaeT Qepe3 YCHJIHTeJIb MOlliHOCTH Ha BbIXOAHbIe KJIeMMbI. AMIUIIITY-
,na BbIXOl{HOro CHrHaJIa peryJIlfpyeTcH nOTeHUl10MeTpOM <<AMIUII1TYlla».
113MepeHlfe qaCTOTbI BbIXOAHOfO Cl1rHaJIa reHepaTopa Ii BbIBO,D, Ha liH-
AIfKaTope ee 3HaqeHIDI BblnOJIIDIeT MHKpOKOHTpOJ1Jlep.
B pe:>KllMe «MeTpOHOM» reHepaTOp 06eCneQHBaeT cpOpMl1pOBaHl1e 3BY-
KOBbIX CllfHaJIOB B .n.l1ana30He OT 26 CHrHaJI/MI1H AO 290 Cl1fHarr/MHH.
TeXHWIecKHe xapaKTepllCTHKH reHepaTopa --- ::--
I) HarrpIDKeHlfe IUfTaHIfH 220 + 22 (B).
2) MOIl.{HOCTb 25 BT.
3) )JHana30HbI 'IaCTOTbI BbIXOJl,HOro Hanp.IDK.eHH51: 0, I -I (fu); 1-10 (f u);
10-100 (fu.); 100-1000 (fu); 1000-10000 (fu); 10000-100000 (fu).
4) ,l],l1ana30H TIJIaBHO:H peryJIHpOBKH BbIxoAHoro HanpIDKeHIDI OT 0 .lIO
10 B.
5) COnpOTI1BJleHHe HarpY3KR 8 OM.
1 OmfCaHJ.1e COCTaBJTeHO A. H. lllrYPMaHoM.
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06oPYAOSaHJ1e o6ll\ero Ha3Ha eHMJI pa6o..e£1 30H y-IJ1Tel1J1 IIiJ
(3.9) MallUtHa 3ne1<TpocpopHaR
MalIll1Ha 3JIeK'rpocpopHaSJ (pllC. 2.10) rrpe,UHa3HaqeHa JUIH
rrpOBe.neHI15I lleMOHCTpal.{llOHHbIX orrbITOB rro 3JIeKTpOCTaTIfKe. OHa MO:>KeT
I1Cn0J1b30BaTbCH B Ka1:IeCTBe HCTOqHIfKa pa3H0l1MeHHbIX 3J1eKTpOCTaTl1'le-
CKl1X 3apSJ)I:OB, a TaIOKe I1CTOQHHKa HarrpffiKeHHSJ rrpll .n:eMOHCTpal.{1111 5IBJIe-
HHH 3JIeKTpOCTaTll'leCKO:H MH).:{yKl.{1f1f 11 B KaqeCTBe npeo6pa30BaTeJISI Mexa-
Hll1IeCKOH 3HeprHH B 3JIeKTIJl1QeCKYIO.
OCHOBHhIMII qaCTHMI1 MallIl1HbI SJBJHllOTCSI ABa )I:1l3JIeKTpI1QeCIGIX lllIC-
Ka J C HaHeceHHblMH Ha HX rrOBepXHOCTb CTaHIfOJIeBbIMH HaKJIeHKaMll;
)I:Ba KOH)I:eHCaTopa 4 B BH.n:e JIeitn.eHcKHx 6aHoK; ,D,Be rrapbI meTOK 2, COe,D,H-
HeHHbIX Me)l():J;Y C060M nonapHo rrpOBO,D,5IIllIIMH CTep)KHSlMH, 11 .l(Ba CDeM-
HllKa 3apSl.n:a 3, KOTQPble HMelOT 3J1eKTpMQeCIGIH KOHTaKT C KOH)I:eHCa-
TopaMH If pa3pRUHHKaMH 5. BHellIHMe 06KJIMKH KOHD.eHcaTopOB Coe,lll1-
HeHM nepeMbIQKo:fi 6. KpoMe Toro, I1MeeTCSI MeXaHI13M, C nOMOlliblO KOTO-
poro llHCKIf rrpl1BO.LJ.5.lTCSI BO BpallleHHe n rrpOTI1BOrrOJIO)KHbIX HanpaBJIeHI1-
5IX. Bce .l(eTaJIl1 Ha CTOMKax 3aKpeTIJIeHbl Ha rro.uCTaBKe. B HIDKHei1-11 Bepx-
HeM 'lacTSlX Ka)l()10H CTO:HKI1 I1MelOTCSI oTBepcTHSI MH oceH MeXaHl13Ma
npHBO)I:a )I:IICKOB.
C'beMHI1K 3apH,I(a npe,llCTaBJUIeT co6o:H MeTaJIJIl1QeCKYIO .nyr:y, oxnaTbI-
BaIOJ.I1YIO o6a .l(I1CKa. Ha rroBepxHocTIf .n:yrl1 o6palUCHHoH K )I:IfCKaM 3a-
KpeIUIeHbl rryqKM TOHKMX rrpOBOJIOqeK (KI1CTOqKJ1) KOHl.{bI KOTOpbIX pac-
rrOJlaralOTCH B6JII13H rroBepXHOCTI1 .D.I1CKOB, He KacaHCb llX.
):(llCKM 3aKpeITJIeHbi Ha CTYITIIuaX, Ha KOTOpblX HMelOTCH KaHaBKM }])JJI
rrpl1BOllHOro peMH5I. ,[(HCKll co cry-
rrHu:aMI1 YCTaHOBJIeHbl Ha OCll B
BepxHeti QaCTI1 CToeK.
MeXaHI13M rrpl1Bo.n:a )JUCKOB CO-
CTOMT ll3 ,llBYX IIIKIfBOB, Hacax<eH-
HblX Ha OCll B HIDKHeH 1IaCTI1 CToeK,
)I:BYX pe3HHOBbIX peMHei1: M pyY.KI1.
LLrrH BpameHIISI .l(llCKOB B npOTll-
BOnOJIO:>KHbIX HarrpaBITeHllRX OAHH
M3 peMHe:H HaueT Ha CTYITMUY.l(I1CKa
KpeCToo6pa3HO.
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CrreUHaJIbHbIX yrJIy6J1eHHHX Ha no.n-
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.n:eHcaTopOB coellHHeHbJ rrpOBO.D.HI1-
KOM C KJIeMMaMll, YCTaHOBJIeHHbI-
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KORUeHCaTOpa COe,DJ1HeHa co CBOI1.M Pa3PRJI.HllK01\.f H CBOM 1 C"bCMHMKO\1
3apSlna.
TeXUH'IeCKHe xapaJ\.'TepHCTIIKII npll60pa
1) MaKCHMaJIbHaH )I,J1I1Ha HCKpbI MC}K]];Y pa3pSIJ.{HI1KaMM rropMKa 50 MM.
2) 3J1eKTpWlecKa51 Cr-..IKOCTb Ka)l():{om KOHlI,eHCaTOpa 500 nCl>.
3) l(MaMeTp 11l1CKOB 275 MM. TIpll.MCpHaSl TOJIIl(HHa ,D,MCKa 3-4 MM.
4) fa6apl1THLle pa3.MCpbI Maml1HbI He 60JIce 365 X 360 x 400 MM; Macca
He 6oJ1cC 3,6 KT.
TIpHHUHn nCHCTBMSl MallIHHbI OCHOBaH Ha SlBJICHliM 3JIeKT})OCTaTI1Qe-
CKOlll1H.I(yKl.{ID1.
,l],JISl nOnfOTOBKI1 MallIlIHbl K pa60Te Hco6xo,D,HMO BBHHTHTb B HIDKHIOIO
OCb pyqKY McxaHM3Ma npI1Bo.aa, YCTaHOBI1Tb K l)K.Iu,rll mCTKOnep)l(aTCJIb
nOll yrJIOM 45 0 K rOpl130HTaJlbHOH 6aJlKC (90 0 MCJKIIY co6ofi), COeJI.MHMTb
nepeMbIQKOfi BHelllHUC 06KJIan:KH KOHlICHcaTOpOB 11 rrp116JIM3HTb mapbI
pa3p5JAHMKOB JIPyr K APYry Ha paCCTOHHMe 2-5 MM. CJIC.l(yCT 06parnTb
oco6oe BHI1MaHMC Ha nOJIO)l(CHMe meTOK M KHCTOqeK C'LCMHMKa 3apSl-
,D,a. llJ,eTKI1 JI.OJDKHbI KacaTbCSl nOBepXHOCTH ):{I1CKOB 6e3 60JlbIlIOrO yCMJIRSI,
a KliCTOqKJ1 AOJI}K.HbI OXBaTbIBaTb J.{HCKJ1, HO He KaCaThCSll1X nOBepXHOCTM.
TIOCJIC BbInO.J:HCHMR yJ<a3aHHbIX pa60T npOBepHIOT pa6OTocrroco6HOCTb
MallIllHbI. TIPli BpamCHMH ,D,HCKOB Me)K]{y IlIapaMII pa3pSl)J,HMKa rrcpMoAH-
qeCKlf AOIDKHbI rrOSlBJUITbC5J I1CKpLI.
I npH pa60TC C MaIlIHHOM HCJTb3Sl npMKaCaTbC.R K pa3pfJ,ILHHKaM M CBSl-
\ 3aHHbIM C HI1MH QaCTHM MalllMHbI. PaCCTOSlHl1e MC:>K1(Y u:apaMII pa3p5Jn H I1-
I KOB CJIeA}'eT YCTaHaBJII1BaTb C nOMOlliblO 1130JIHPY1OWHX p}T\IeK, MMCIOWI1X-
CSl Ha KOHlJ,aX CTep}K.HCE: pa3pMHI1KOB.
---
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.7 (3.11) Hacoc BaKYYMHbli1
Hacoc npe.n:Ha3HaqeH .IJ)UI pa3pe)l(CHHSl H C}K.aTl1SJ B03.uyxa
\ B 3aMKHyrbIx COCYAax pa3HbIX OPM npl1 rrpOBe.nCHliM n.eMOHCTpalU10HHbIX
onbITOB no pa3HbIM TeMaM IlIKOJIbHorO Kypca <pM3HKI1.
npl160p I1CnOJIb3YlOT B ClICJJ.YJOlJ..{l1X .lIeMOHCTpaUMHX: pa3J],YBaHHe pe311-
HOBOM KaMepbI nOA KOJIOKOJIOM; CHJIa aTMOc<pepHoro naBJIeHHSl; nMeHI1C
TeJI B pa3pC}K.eHHOM B03.n:yxC; 3JICKTpHlJeCKlIH p33pSl,D, B pa3pC:>KeHHOM B03-
.nyxe; pacnpOCTpaHCHHC 3ByJ<OBbIX BOJIH 11 .n;p.
Hacoc (pl1c. 2.] l) COCTOHT 113 Kopnyca npSJMoyrOJIbHOn 4>OpMbI, UI1-
JIHH.npa C noplllHeM, MaXOBHKa C PYKOSlTKOH Ii nOACTaBKJ1. Kopnyc npl16o-
pa YCTaHOBJIeH Ha TTO):{CTaBKe M npl1BCpHyr K Hen BMHTaMlf. BHyrpH KOp-
nyca 1 (pRC. 2.12, a) )l(CCTKO 3aKpCnJ1eH l.{IIJIMHJJ:P 4, K HII}K.HCn QaCTII
KOToporo C nOMOII.J.blO np)')KHHbI rrp.l1JKMMaeTCSJ rrOJ],BIDKHOC .D:HO 5.
060PY OBaHl1e 06utero Ha3HaljeHMJI M pa60'leM 30HbI Y411TenJi 1m
.LI.HO IUIJIHH.n:pa OllHOBpeMeHHO CnY)KllT
KJIarraHOM. TIoprneHL 3 Hacoca npHBOllJifT-
CH B D,BIDKeHUe KpMBOIllllIIHo-lliaTYHHbIM
MexaHH3MOM, coe.n:llHeHHbIM C MaXOBJifKOM
2. Ha KpuIIlKe Kopnyca Hacoca pacnOJIO-
)f(eHbI lU3a HJifrrneJl5I: ocacLIBalOlluIH 11 Ha-
fHeTaTeJIbHhIH. BHYTPeHHJifjj 06'beM KOp-
nyca Hacoca 3anOJIHeH MaClIOM.
npu llBIDKeHllU rropIIIIDl BBepx OTKpbl-
.\: BaeTCSI 6oKoBoe OTBepCTIle, npope3aHHoe
B IUIJIHH,Qpe M C006llI.alOll.{eeCH Tpy6KOti
C BcaCbIBalOll1.UM HHnneJ1eM. npM llBH)f(e-
HIIH nopllIHSI BHI13 (pnc.2.12, 6) OH 3a-
KpbIBaeT 60KoBoe oTBepcTue UlUIHHD:pa, a
C)KaTbIH B03.LI)'X OTKpblBaeT lIHO Ul1lIJifHlIpa
11 Qepe3 Hero BbITaJIKHBaeTCSJ n IIpOCTpaHCTBO C MaCJIOM, nOlIHI1MaeTCSI
nBepx Ii rrOCTynaeT B HarHeTaTeJIbHbIH HHITIIenb.
TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKII Hacoca
1) K Hacocy npHJIaraeTCR rH6KlIH BaKYYMHbIHllIJJaHr .lJ)UIHOH 0,5 M.
2) C nOMOIl{blO Hacoca MO)KHO C03)1aTb MMHIIMaJIbHOe pa3pe)KeHl1e B0311Y-
xa n 3 MKHyThIX cocy.n;ax .n;o .naBJIeHUSI 400 na (3 MM pT. CT.) 11 MaKCI1-
MaJIbHOe C)KaTHe ero D,o .n;aBJIeHll51 0,4 Mna (4 aT.).
3) ra6apMTHbIe pa3MepbI He Gonee 362 x 290 X 375 MM.
4) Macca npM60pa He GOllee 15 KI:.
Hacoc HCnOJIb3yeTcH J])15I npone.n;eHI1SJ JJ;eMOHCTpaUllOHHbIX OllbITOB
C TaKH"MI1 npHGopaMu, KaK TPy6Ka HbJOTOHa 3.31, rpy6Ka BaKYYMHaSJ 2.12,
TapenKa naKYYMHaSJ C naKYYMMeTJ)OM 11 KOJInaKOM 2.8 H .n;p.
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1m 060PY,lJ.OBAHJ1E 06LllE.ro HA3HAYEHJ1$1 J1 PA60YE 30Hbl YYJ1TEJ1$1
(3.11) TapenKa BaKYYMHaR
C BaKYYMMeTpoM 11 KonrraKOM
TapeJIKa npeD,Ha3HaQeHa ,lUUl .n;CMOHCTpaUUIf Onhl10B B
3aMKHyroM 06'beMe C pa3pe)KCHHbIM B03n:yxOM.
npu60p HCn0J1b3yeTCH lIJISI npoBellCHIUl CJTenYlOIllIfX lIeMoHCTpaDH:ii:
pa31IYBaHHe pe311HoBoH KaMepbI nOlI KOJIOKOJTOM; pacnpOCTpaHeHHe 3BY-
KOBbIX BOJIH; ycrpOHCTBO II lIeMCTBlle 6apoMeTpa-aHcpol1na II ,n:p.
TIpu60p (pllC. 2.13) COCTOHT U3 nJTa-
CTMaCCOBoro 1lllCKa; KOJIOKOlIa 113 Ton-
CTOCTeHHoro np03paQHOrO CTeKJIa; pe-
3HHOBOR npOKJIaIT.KH; BaKYYMMCTpa 11
KpaHa C Hl1nrreneM. Pe3HHOBa5I npo-
KJIa,IJ.Ka nOMemaeTCII Ha nOBepXHOCTb
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TH KOJIOKOlIa.
B ueHTpe .n;I1CKa YCTaHOBJIeH HHn-
neJlb, KOTOpblti Tpy6Kofi COe,D.I1HCH C Ba-
K)ryMMeTpoM II KpaHOM. Ha 60KOBOti
nOBepXHOCTU llHCKa YCTaHOBJICHbI nBe
npu60pHble KJIeMMbl JI,JUI nOl{BO,D.K.ll
::meKTpH'leCKOrO TOKa K npl:l60paM Ha-
XO.lUlIUllMCSI BHyrpJI KOJIOKOJIa. Ll,JTSI 3TO-
fO Ha pa6oQei1 nonepXHOCTII,D.llCKa YCTaHOBJIeHbI .D:Be KJleMMbl coe.n;HHeH-
I
Hue npoBo.n;HHKa fH C BHelliHHMll npu60pHbIMll KJIeMMaMH.
\ TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH npu60pa
1) D:HaMeTp KOJIOKOJIa 200 MM; BblCOTa 250 I\.f!\.L
2) ra6apIITHbIe pa31\'WpbI TapeJIKlf C KOJIOKOJIOM B c60pe He 60JIee
325 x-265 x 290 MM; Macca He 60nee 4 Kf.
TIepe,D. C60pKOti 3KcnepllMeHT3JIbHOM YCTaHoBKH He06xOlII1MO npOBe-
pllTb pa6OTocnoco6HocTb npH60pa. ,[(JUI : noro C nOMoIUblO BaKYYMHOrO
,
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-- Hacoca naKYYMHoro 2.7. TIpII BpameHHH MaXOBHKa Hacoca B reqeHHe 2-
-.., 0-
3 MHH CTJ)enK.a BaK)ryMMeTpa nOJI:>KHa OTKJIOHllTbCSl OT HyneBoH OTMeTKH.
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2.8.
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PMC. 2.13
2.9. (3.11) Ha60p BaKYYMHO-l<OMnpeCcopHbIX
rrpI16opOB(H)
Ha60p npCllHa3Ha IeH ,lJ)lJf pa3pe)KeHIUl H C)KaTHSI B03.uy-
xa B 3aMKHyrbIx cocyn:ax npn npOBe,n:eHIIM ,n:eMOHcTpauHOHHbIX onblTon
no pa3HhlM TCMaM llJKOJIbHOrO Kypca <pH311KIL
060PYAOBaHHe o6lijero Ha3Ha'leH"' '" pa6o'lei1 30HbI Y'IHTeJUI 1m
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3TOT Ha60p I1CnOJIb3YlOT B CJIC,n,YIOIl{I1X lleMOHCTpal.{I1SIX: pa3,liYBaHliC
pe311HOBO.H KaMepbI nOn KOnOKOJIOM; ClUIa aTMOc<pepHoro .n:aBJ1eHMSI; na-
llCHlie TeJI B pa3pe)KCHHOM B03.n.yxe; 3JIeKl'pllQeCKHH pa3PM B pa3pe)KCH-
HOM B03,n,yxe; pacnpOCTpaHeHMe 3BYKOBbIX BOJIH H IIp.
Ha60p BbInycKaeTCH B ,D,BYX MO,D,ll<pHKal.{MHX.
HenO./lHYJO MOiJUtjJUKGlI,UIO Ha60pa (pRC. 2.14, G) COCTaBJUIIOT: Ha-
coc 3JIeKTpH'leCKllR; MaHoBaKYYMMerp; Tpy6Ka-TPOMHMK; ,n:Ba BeHTMJIH;
qeThIpe IlITYUCpa II QCTbIpe rn6KHX llUIaHra pa3Horo ,D,JfaMCTPa.
IIo./lHYJO ModutjJUKGlI,UJO Ha60pa (pRC. 2.14, 6) COCTaBlliIIOT: no,n:-
CTaBKa C 3JTe:rcrpWIeCKI1M HaCOCOM, MaHoBaKYYMMeTpoM, Tpy6KaMM, BCH-
THJUlMH M IlITYllCpaMI1; KOnOKOJI BaKY)'MHOR TapeJIKI1 C npOKJI3.aKon-; TPy6-
Ka HblOToHa co CBoeH CneIIHaJIbHOH rro,n:craBKoH; qeTblpe rl16KHX lIlJIaHra
pa3Horo ,D,llaMerpa.
Hacoc 3JICKTpHQeCKHR BblnOJIHeH B MeTaJIJJMQeCKOM Koprryce, cHa6-
)KeH 3JIaCTlI'lHbIMM HO)lQ(aMI1 M llB}l1\ffi HHnnenSlMH - BcaCbIBaIOlUliM 11 Ha-
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1) HanpIDKeHMe nllTaHHH 220 B; MOlUHOCTb 180 BT.
2) C rrOMOIllblO Hacoca MO)f(HO coo,n:aTb MI1HRMaJIbHOe pa3pe)l(eHHe B03.n:y-
xa B 3aMKHYTbIX cocynax,n:o ,D,aBJIeHMSI 6,6 KITa (50 MM pT. CT.) H MaKCll-
M3JIbHOe C)J(aTHe ero,D,O ,n:aBJIeHI1H 0,3 Mna (3 aT.).
3) ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI Hacoca He 60JIce 270 x 146 x 190 MM; Macca
He 60JIee 9 Kf.
ITO,D,CTaBKa JIJIH Hacoca R TapeJ1KM H3fOTOBJIeHa 113 ,D,CpeBa. Ha HeR CTa-
UlioHapHo 3aKpCllJICHbI Hacoc II MeTaJIJIWICCKMe Tpy6KH C MaHOBaKYYM-
MCTJ)OM, BeHTMJIHl\-lli 11 III1}'I.J:cpaMlI. Ha KpbIIliKe nOllCTaBKM pa3Mern:CHbl
Em OEi PY.nOBAHi1E OEiI1.(Ero HA3HA4EH UI i1 t Ar:..- 4EH 3 'HI:-I Y4i1TEJ111
Hl1nneJIb TapeJIKM M ::maCTl1qHa npOKJI3JJJ<a .lI.JUI ee KOJTOKOJIa. ra6apHTHbIe
pa3MepbI nO,D.CTaBKH 6e3 KOJIOKOJIa TapeJIKI1 He 60JIee 300 x 250 x 250 MM,
Macca nOD,CfaBKlf C HaCOCOM, J\.ofaHOBaI<YY.MMC1'pOM H .MeTaJIJH1QeCKHMI1
TPy6KaMH, BeHTHIDIMH, nrryl.{epaMH He 60JTee 11 Kf.
MaHoBaKYYMMe1'p BXO.D.5IIIIllfi B COCTaB KOMllJICKTa BblnOJIHeH B Kpyr-
JIOM onpaBe H cHa6)KCH C1'penO'lHbIM YKa3aTeJIeM. MHTepBaJI H3MepeHH5I
,D.aBJIeHIffi MaHOBaKYYMMerpoM OT -1 aT. )];0 3 aT., l.{eHa ,D.eJICHMH IIIKaJIbI
0,05 aT.
T py6Ka H blOTOHa ll3rOTOBJIeHa 113 np03paQHOrO OpraHHQecKoro CfeKJIa
II 3aKpbITa C llBYX KOHUOB pC3MHOBbT\.UI npo6KaMH. Ha O,D.HOM npo6Ke
:>KeCTKO 3aKpCTIJIeH MeTaJIJIHQeCKI1H KpaH C HllnneneM. K Tpy6Ke npllJIara-
eTCH cnel.{l1aJ1bHa5I llepeBHHHM nO)];CTaBKa. ,DJ1llHa CTeKJUlHHOH Tpy6Kll
I M, BHyrpeHHHH D,I1aMerp 54]\.{M, TOJIIll.I1Ha CTeKJIa 3 MM.
2.10. (3.12) Hacoc B03AYlllHbli1 pyqHOI1
Hacoc npe.n:Ha3HaqeH D.JUl pa3pC}KeHl15lll C}J(aTHfl B03,D.yxa
B 3aMKHYTbIX cocyn:ax pa3HbIX <pOpM npll npOBe.aeHHlllleMOHCfpaUHOHHbIX
onbITOB no pa3HbIM TeMaM lllKOJIbHOrO Kypca <pH3HKI1, HanpUMep TaKllX,
KaK YCrpOfiCTBO 11 .aeHCTBue pyqHOro Hacoca, CMJIa aTMOc<pepHoro n:aBJIe-
HI15I, YCTPOMCTBO llllCHCTBl1e 6apOMe1'pa-aHepOll.1J:a H MaHOMCTJ)OB.
Hacoc (pl1c. 2.15) COCTOHT ll3 MeTaJIJIHqeCKOrO DHJIHH.il.pa; ,D.BYX naT-
py6KOB C HHnnCJTSlMI1; noplllHSI co lIITOKOM Ii pyqKotL K Hacocy npllJIara-
I eTCH rM6KHM IlIJIaHr DJ[5I COC,D.HHeHIDI cro C O,D.HI1M llJIH ,D.pyrl1M HHnrreJIeM
\ naTpy6Ka.
, BHyrpu KIDK,aOrO rra1'py6K.a nOMemeH pe3llHOBbIM KJIaTIaH B BH,D.e Tpy-
60'IKH C 3aKpbITbIM KOHUOM. Ha O,D.HOM CTopoHe TPy60QKlf npopc3aHa
CKB03HaJ1 TOHKaSl meJIb. T aKoH KJIanaH MO)KeT TIponycKaTb B03)];YX TOJIb-
KO B O,D.HOM HanpaBJICHHH, Kor.n;a TJ)y60QKa pacIIIUpSleTC5I II CTeHKH me-
JIll OTO,D.BHraIOTcH. D03TOMY KJIanaH, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIH OTKpbITbIM KOHI.{OM
\ K BHyrpeHHefi DOJIOCTM Hacoca, MO)KeT nponycKaTb B03nyx TOJIbKO H3 l.{11-
-:t !lHHJI.pa Hap)')KY, a KJIanaH, YCTaHOBJICHHbIM oTBepcrHeM Hap)7)KY, MO)l(CT
_..- nponycKaTb B03AYX TOJIbKO CHap)')KH B l.{MJIllHJJ:P Hacoca. B 3aBI1ClIMOCTII
J>1.tc. 2.15
06oPYAOBaHMe o6aqero Ha3Ha"eHIIISlIll pa6oLfe 30HbI YLfMTeJ1f1 1m
---0IIIIIIII
OT rrpOBOJU1Moro OnbITa r116KJ.1H llIJIaHf COeJU1HSJJOT C COOTBeTCfBYJQIIjJiM
HHnneJIeM naTpy6Ka.
IIoprneHb HaCOCa COCTOHT 113 lIBYX KO>KaHbIX l\-faH)J(eT, 06p a m:eHHbIX
H30fHYTbIMH Kpa.sIMH n npOTHBOrrOnO:>KHbIe CTOpOHbI. MaIDKeTbI ynO)J(eHbI
BMeCTe II Qepe3 MeTaTIJUJ1-IeCKJ.1e llIaw6bT npl1BepHYTbI raMKOH K o.UHOMY
KOHl{Y IllTOKa HaCOCa. K J(pyrOMY KOHUY IIITOKa rauKofi npl1BepHYTa ,Uepe-
BHHHaSJ pyqKa. npll llBH:>KeHHH rrOplllHSJ BH1l3 npOHCXOIUIT HarHeTaHl1e
B03.nyxa rrplf nBH:>KeHlllf BBepX - BCaCbIBaHHe.
TeXHlf1IeCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH npu60pa
1) C nOMOIllblO Hacoca MO)KHO C03;J:aTb MI1HHMaJIbHOe pa3pe)KeHl1e B03.ny-
xa .aO .D:aBJICHIUI 0,01 MIla (75 MM pT. CT.) M MaKCI1MaJIbHOe .uaBJIeHIIC
.no 0,4 MOa (4 aT.).
2) ra6apHTHble pa3MepbI Hacoca He 60nee 330 x 120 x 30 MM; Macca
He 60JIee 0,4 Kr.
2.11.
(3.1) B03AyxoAYBKa (H)
IlpI160p npe,UHa3HaQeH .lIJIH C03naHIDI B03J(ynIHbIX nOTO-
KOB npl1 npOBeneHl111 .ueMOHcrpaUHOHHbIX OnbTTOB no MexaHHKe.
B KOMIUTeKT npl160pa BXO,lI,5IT B03,QyXOIlYBKa, rryJIbT ynpaBJICHI1.sI H B03-
.n;YXOBOn. -
B03.n:YXOnyBKa HMeeT KpyrJIbIU ITJIaCfMaCCOBbIH Kopnyc UllJIl1H.LJ:pMQe-
CKOM <P0PMbI, cHa6)f(eHHbIiI nOlICTaBKofi 11 pyqKOH. BHYTPM Kopnyca pa3-
MelI(eH 3neKTPo,UBHraTeJIb.
IlYJIbT ynpaBJIeHIUI npe,UHa3HaQeH .DJI5I BKJIIOQeHI1Sl 3nCKTpo.u B HraTeJHI
H perYJIHpOBaHI1H 'laCTOTbI BpameHHH ern BaJIa. OH BbIrrOJIHeH B ITJIaCT-
MaCCOBOH Kopo6Ke, BHYTPli KOTOPOM pa3Mern:eHa MOHTa:>KHa5lIUIaTa C 3JIC-
MeHTaMM 3JIeKTpl1'leCKOiI cxeMbI. Ha KpbIIllKe Kopo6KH pacnOJIO)l(CHLI:
npe.u ox paHllTeJ1b; 1Hi.D:HKaTOp BKJIIOQCHHSl ceTli (BepxHSJSI QaCTb CBeTOlIM-
--.,
----
,;"-=-:.-:.,.
. \.., - "".,.,.
I
.",- . - -
.:.:.
@:
- -- 1.-:
1,1
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(
--
, ---
.
Pl.1.c. 2.16
1m] 060PY,QOBAHI1E 061.l{E.ro HA3HA4EH 1! 11 PA604E 30Hbl Y4 TEJ1jj
o.na); rHe31Ia)LTISl nOJ{KJIIO'leHHSI BJfJIIrn 3JIeKTpOlIBMraTeJIH H pyqKa peryJIH-
Topa qaCTOTbI Bparn:eHHSI Barra 3JIeKTpOlIBJfraTeJ1Jl, 3aKpeIlJIeHHaSJ Ha OCM
nepeMeHHoro pe3l1CTOpa 11 COBMern:eHHaSJ C BbIKJIIO'laTeJIeM ceTH.
Ha pHCYHKe 2.16 nOKa3aHa B0311YXO.nYBKa C B03lJ.YXOBO,QOM. llYJIbT yn-
paBJIeHHSI npe.nCTaBJIeH Ha pMCYHKe 3.9 6, nOMCIl.(CHHOM B onHcaHHH
KOMnJIeKTa «BpaIIleHHe) 3.5.
TeXHH1JecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH B03lJ.YXOJIYBKH
1) Hanp5DKeHHe nHTaHMfl 220 B; nOTpe6J1JletylaSI MOIIlHOCTb He 60lIee
0,16 KBT.
2) MaKCJfMaJIbHOe .naBJIeHHe, C03naBaeMoe np"6opOM, He MeHee 3 Kna.
3) BpeMH HenpepbIBHoM pa60TbI npH60pa B pe)l(J1Me MaKCllMaJIbHOH 'lac-
TOTbI BpameHJfSl BaJIa 3JIeKTpo.nBl1raTeJISI He 60JIee 30 MllH.
4) 061I{aSI Macca npJf60pa He 60JIee 4 Kf.
B03,D;yxo.nYBKa MCnOJIb3yeTcfl C npl160pOM .lIJUI .l1CMOHCTPaUJIlf 3aKOHOB
McxaHllKH Ha B031IyuIHOH no.nYlIIKe 3.4 11 C KOMIIJleKTaMll 06oPYlIoBaHIHJ
no a3pOD.llHaMllKe 3.7 II fHlIPO)JJU-IaMJfKe 3.8.
2.12. (3.20) Tpy61<a BaKYYMHaR
np1l6op rrpel(Ha3Ha'leH JIJISI lleMoHcTpaul1H H311qCCKHX
SIBJIeHMH, npoTeKalOrn:liX B pa3pe)KeHHOii B03.l{yIlIHOH cpeJ{e.
HCnOJIb3yeTcSI B .neMOHCTpaUllHX: BJIIHIHl1e B03n;yuIHOM cpe.ubI Ha ,QBH-
)KeHHe TeJI no.n: JJ:et'ICTBMeM CI1JIbI TIDKeCTM; D.eMCTDHC aTMoccl>epHoro n;aB-
eHI1H; oHTaH B pa3pe)KeHHOM B03.QyXe; OXJIa)l()1eHlIe ra3a npll era a,L(H-
a6aTHOM paCIlIHpeHI1M; KHneHlle BonbI npM nOHIf>KeHHOM J{aBJIeHIII1;
BJIll5IHlle nJIOTHOCrn B03.n:yxa Ha pacnpOCTPaHeHlle B Hel\.{ 3BYKa; .n:e:HCTBHe
BH3Koro TpeHllH; BJIllHHHe nJIOTHOCTI1 Cpe.n:bI Ha pacnpOCTJ)aHeHMe 3BYKa;
H MepeHHe .lJ)II1HbI 3BYKOBOH BOJIHbI MeTOI(OM aKYCTI1QeCKOrO pC30HaHca
H IIp.
\ OCHOBHOii qaCThIO npH60pa (pHC. 2.17) HBJIHeTCSI np03paQHafl TOJICTO-
CTeHHaSl nJIaCTMaCCOBa5I Tpy6Ka, Ha KOHQax KOTOpOH 3aKpenJIeHbT MeTaJI-
-jnlI'qecKHe- XOMYfbI. 06a oTBepcTIDI TJ)y6bI 3aKpbITbI pe3HHOBbIMI1 npo6Ka-
MH. O,D,Ha ll3 npo6oK HMeeT CKB03Hoe OTBepCTHe, B KOTopoe BCTaBJIeH
HMnneJIb, CBH3bIBaIOlllllH BHYTPeHHlO1O nOJIOCTb Tpy6KM C BHeIllHeH cpe-
-
-b
.,.. ...
. ,
P11c. 2.17
,_ '- J
060PY.AOBaHMe o6 ero Ha3Ha eHHJI H pa6o.,e 30HbI Y &1Tel1J1 1m
6-12512 HHKH OpOB
---01IIIIIIII
[(OM. Ha HHnneJIb Ha,aeT pe311HoBbIM rraTpy60K C KpaHoM Ha KOHue. BHY-
TPH Tpy6KM HaXOJ{SlTC : nTWlbe rrcpo KYCOqCK TOHKOM TKaHlf H raMKa.
TeXlllf1lecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH npH60pa
1) lLrrHHa TPy6KH 80,0 + 0,5 (CM).
2) BHcmHHH n:HaMeTp TPy6Kl:160,0 + 0,1 (MM); BHyrpeHHHM [(l1aMCTP TpY-
6KI1 50,0 + 0, I (MM).
3) npe.n.eJIbHO )J,onycTHMoe BHYTPeHHee .uaBJIeHHe He 60nee 500 +
+ 10 (KIIa).
4) npe.aenbHo ,n;orrYCTHMaSI TeMnepaTypa HarpCBa He 60ncc 80 + I (OC).
5) Macca npH60pa B c60pe 2 0 + 0, I (Kf).
Ll,JIH nOJIyqeHJUI BHyrpl1 Tpy6KH pa3peJKeHHOM B03I(yII.IHOM cpenbl llC-
nOJIb3yeTcR JIllGO Ha60p DaKYYMHo-KoMrrpeccopHbIX rrpl160pOD 2.9, 111160
Hacoc BRKYYMHbIM 2.7.
2.13. (3.18) CTOnl1KIrt nO 'heMHble
CTOJIHKJI (pMC-. 2.18) rrpelIHa3HaQCHbI .lJ)IR pa3Mcrn:eHHR
Ha HHX OT,n;eJIbHbIX rrpM6opoB IUIll qaCTeM ,n;eMOHCTpal.{HOHHbIX YCTaHOBOK
C UCJ1blO YJIyqIIICHIUI YCJIOBllH HX Ha6JIIO.n:eHHSI.
CTOJIllK11 pa3JTHQaIOTCH no crroco6y H3MCHeHI1H BbICOTbI, rpY30nomeM-
HOCTblO, a TaIOKe cpOpMOH II pa3MepaMll.
,
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1
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PHC. 2.18
*
,
1m 060PY.QOBAH E 06111Ero HA3HA EH"UI A60\.fE 30Hbl Y4 TEIU1
Y CTOlIllKa, npe,l:LCTaBJIeHHOrO Ha PHCYHKC 2.18, G, 113MeHeHlfe BbICOTbI
06eCneqMBaeTC5J 3a CQeT n:BYX MeTaJIJIHqeCKHX CToeK - nO.il,BIDKHOH M He-
nO,UBMxHOll.
TIollBM)KHaH CTOMKa npeJICTaBJUleT C060H CTep)l(eHb Kpyrnoro CeqeHll5I
C npOAOJIbHbIM na30M nOQTll no DceM )LTIMHe H C pe3b6oi1 Ha OllHOM KOHue.
TaKa5I )Ke pe3b6a Hape3aHa B ueHT}Je TIJIaT<t>opMbI.
HenOI(BM)KHa51 cToHKa H3rOTOBJIeHa Jf3 Tpy6bI KpyrJIOro CeqCHIUI, BHyr-
peHHMM JIllaMeTp KOTOpOH COrJIaCOBaH C HapYXHbIM l(MaMeTpoM no'D.BlDK-
HOR CTOMKH TaK, QTo6bI O.D.Ha Cn060l{HO BXO,l:LllJIa B .D.pyryro. B BepxHe.i1 qac-
TH Heno.n:BlDKHoro CTep)KHSI HMCCTCSI BlfHT .DJ15I KpenJIeHIUI rrOlIBM)l(HO:H
CTOMKlf Ha Heo6xo,UlfMOM BbICOTe.
r OpH30HTaJIbHOe nOJIO)KeHlfe nOBepxHocTM CTOJIIIKa MO:>KHO oTperyJIH-
pOBaTh C nOMOIUblO BMHTa, pacnOJIO)l(eHHOrO Ha OAHOll HO)KKe nO.D.CTaBKI1.
K CTOJIMKY npllJIaraeTCll HaKJIMHaSl lIOnOJIHlITeJIbHa5I nJIaTcpopMa Jf3
nJIaCTHKa C KonbueBbIMll pe6paMli. OHa n03BOJI.5IeT JIerKO nOBopaqlfBaTb
npe,UMeTbI, pacnOJIO)l(eHHbIC Ha CTOJIliKe, II 3all.{lfrn:aeT pa60QYlO nOBepx-
HOCTb OCROBHOM ITJIanpOpMbI OT MeXaHMqeCKJ1X nODpe)K)J,eHIDi.
TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepHCTIIKH CTOJlHKa (CM. pRC. 2.18, a)
1) !!MaMeTp CTOlIMKa 190 MM; BbICOTa nO.l('beMa MO)l(eT peryJIHpOBaTbCSI
OT 284 n:o 434 MM.
2) rpY30nOll'beMHOCTb CTOJIMKa 10 Kf.
3) fa6apllTHbIe pa3MepbI CTOJII1Ka B ynaKoBKe He 60JIee 225 x 230 x 70 MM;
Macca He GOJIee 1,4 KI:
\ CTOJIIIKM, npe.ncTaBJIeHHbIe Ha pMCYHKe 2.18, 6, liMelOT MexaHH3M -
baHTorpa , o6eCne'lHBaIOIIUfH HenpcpbIBHoe li3MeHeHI1e BbICOTbI no,Q'hC-
]\.fa npM BpameHl1lf CneUMaJIbHOrO BJfHTa.
i, TeXIDNecKHe xapaKTepHCTIIKH CTOJlHKOB (CM. pMC. 2.18, 6)
1) Pa60Qlle rroBepXHocTM BbIfiOJIHeHbI H3 XHMWIeCKM CTOHKoro MaTepM-
a.n:a II MMelOT pa3MepbI 100 X 140 MM, 200 X 200 MM, 250 X 250 MM.
\ 2) MaKCI1MaJIbHaSl BbICOTa no.n;'beJ\.ta pa60QeR nOBepXHocTH 240 MM.
i 3} fpy30nO.D.1>eMHOCTb CTOJIHKOB He 60lIee 15 KI:
:---. - ....
2.14. Ha60p rMpb
Ha60p npe.n:Ha3HaQeH ,WUI HCnOJIb30BaHIDI B KaQeCTBe
Mep MaCCbI II CMJIbI B pMe J{eMOHCT}JaUMoHHbIX OnbITOB no MexaHllKe, Ta-
KHX,KaK:Ha6JIIO.n:eHHeJ{e opMaUI1M;CHnaTIDKeCTH;CHJIayrrpyrocTH;.n:aB-
JIeHlfe TBcp.uoro TeJIa Ha onopy; npOSlBJIeHMe IIHepUllH; CJfJIa TpCHllSl Ii .D.p.
Ha60p COCTOI1T M3 qeTblpex t.lyryHHbIX rllpb ul1JIl1H,.[(pnQeCKOM <pOpMbI
MaccoM 1 KI; 2 Kf, 2 Kr II 5 lIT. B BepxHeM qaCTll Ka:>K,!J,OM rllpJf 3aKpenJIeH
06oPYA!>saHs.te o61ltero Ha3Ha"eH&o'JI M pa6o'le., 30HbI y.... TeJlA __
6*
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tF\
....
\
...
t'"
Pl1C. 2.19
..-
KPIOqOK, a B lIHe I1MeeTCH BbIeMKa C nepeMbI'lKOH (pMc.2.19). KPJO'1KI1
1130fHYTbI TaK, QTo6bI rwpH MO:>KHO 6bIJIO nCllIaTb On:HY Ha ,n:pyrylO.
06maSl Macca Ha60pa fl1pb 10,00 + 0,04 (Kr).
no BblCOTe n,UlfaMeTpy fl1pM pa3HoH MaCCbI OTJUNalOTCSJ ,Upyr OT llpyra.
Pa3MepbI fl1pb npl1BeneHbI B Ta6JIHue 2.2.
Ta6/luLJ.a 2.2
Macca rMpb, Kr 1 2 5
BbIcoTa C KplO1..&KOM He GOllee, MM 116 136 168
I(JtaMeTp He 60Jlee, M.\t 52 65 86
(3.3) rpY3 Ha60pHbIM Ha 1 Kr
rpY3 Ha60pHblH npCllHa3HaQCH lVTSJ llCnOJIb30BaHI1SJ ero
B Ka'leCTBe Mepbf MaCCbI npl1 npoBe.n:eHI1H ,UCMOHCTpaUI10HHbIX onbITOB,
TaKJ1X, KaK: cnJIa TIDKeCTI1; cl1JIa ynpyrOCTI1; 3aBMCHMOCTb .n:ccpopMaUlll1
OT ClfJIbI; CJIO:>KeHMe CM, AencTBYJOru:llX Ha TeJIO
no O,l:LHOH npSJMoH; CMJIa rpeHHH; npOSJBJIeHHe
IIHCpl.{MH; npl1MeHCHHe npaBI1JIa MOMeHTOB; npy-
... :-......
:>KllHHbU1 Ma5ITHI1K MAP.
mOT rpy3 COCTOI1T M3 lllecrn DUCKOB OllHHaKOBO-
ro JUIaMeTpa H O,UHoro o6mero CTep)KIUI (pIlC. 2.20).
B ueHTpe HIDKHero (onopHoro) J]HCKa YKpenJICH
KpyrnbIil CTep:>KeHb C KplO""lKOM. KplOQOK llJIOCKUM,
ero TOJIll.{HHa MeHbIIIC ,Ul1aMeTPa CTep}I(IDI. Ha cTep-
:>KeHb JIerKO Ha,aeBaIOTCSI OCTaJIbHbIe II.HTb JJ:HCKOB,
MMelOIUMe B l.{eHTjJe KpyrJIOe OTBepCTl1e I(llaMeT-
pOM, npeBblllialOWHM 1II1aMeTp CTep)IGUI, H pa.aH-
aJIbHbIe Bblpe3bI, pa3MepOM npeBbIllialOwv.-e TOJI-
IlU1HY KpJOQKa.
2.15.
,
t
;lJ::
'0 1 "
..\tJ -
;;: 1tU.
Pl.1.C. 2.20
1m 060PY,&OBAHiIIE 06111Ero HA3HA4EH Ul ill PA604E£13 -Hbl Y4i11TEJUI
TeXHHlJecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH npH60pa
1) MaccbI nHCKOB, COCTaBllillOllJ.I1X rpY3 Ha6opHbIM: O,D,HH ,QHCK C KplO'l-
KOM Maccoti 50 r H nSITb C'beMHbIX J{MCKOB MaCCaMJ1: 50 r (1 IIIT.), 100 r
(211IT.), 200 r (lIlIT.), 500 f (llIIT.).
2) ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI rpY3a Ha6opHoro B c6ope: ,n:l1aMCTp 67 MM, BbI-
COTa 165 MM.
2.16.
(3.21) lliTaTl1Bhl cp113H'leCKMe
lllTaTllBbI npe,D,Ha3Ha"-leHbI,LJ)l5I YCTaHOBKI1 11 KperulcHllSI
npH6opoB II npHcnoco6JIeHI1il Ha pa3JII11J.HOn BbICOTe H nOlI pa3HbIMH yr-
JIaMI1 IIPH npOBeneHI1H ,D,eMOHCTpaUI10HHbTX onbITOB no pa3HbIM TeMay
KYPca cP H 3I1KI1.
1) UlmamuB co cmpy6quHaMu iJnB KpenneHuR noiJcmasoK K KpblwKe
cmona. B KOMlUleKT nITaTHBa (pl1c. 2.21) BXOASIT CJIc,D,ylOllJ.l1e llCTaJTH: no,D,-
CTaBKa (2 lIlT.); ABC CTaJIbHbIe .lI)IllHHbIC CTOHKH (c HapyJKHOH pe3b6oH
Ha O,n:HOM KOHQe y O,D,HOHI1 BHYTpeHHCH - Y,D,pyron); CTOJ.fKa KopoTKaH
(1 llIT.); CTaJIbHOil CTep)KeHb C H30JIHPYIOillllM HaKOHC'lHHKOM (2 llIT.);
MY<P Ta KpecToo6pa3Ha5llIJlH KpCnJICHHSl JIanKll, CTOCK H CTep)KHCM (2 TIlT.);
MYcPTa C lIIapOBon onopOM .lI.JUI
KpCTTJIeHl1fl pa3JIllt.IHbIX n;CTarreH
(lIIlT.); MY<PTa c llIapOBOH ono-
ppfi II JIanKOH 11JUl KpcnllCHIUI
pa3JIWIHbIX CTeKJISlHHbIX COCYllOB
(llllT.); llanKa C BI1HTOBbIM 3aJKH-
I
MOM (1_11IT.); KOJIbl..{O Ha CTep)KHe
(1 IlIT.); MaJIaH MY<PTa C 3IDKI1MHblM
BHHTOM H KPlOqKOM lIJISI nOlIBe-
lllllBaHIUI pa3JII1QHbIX J{eTarreH
(411IT.); cTpy6u.HHa JJ)IH KpenJIe-
- --
HI1}1 nOllCTaBOK K KpbIllIKC CTOlla
(llIIT. ) .
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BH.II:C TpeHOfH li3rOTOBJICHa 113 QY-
ryHa. B l{eHTpe no,n:CTaBKH I1Me-
eTCH BbTCTYII C OTBepCTlleM H 3a-
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PHC. 2.21
060PYAOBaHMe o6aqero Ha3I-ja'leH f! pa6o'le 30HbI yl.JMTeJUI Em
Pe3b6oBble 'laCTH CTOeK n03BOnSIIOT COe,UMHI1Tb HX Me)l()J;Y C060M 11 CO-
CTaBHTb KaK LUUfHHYIO BepTHKaJIbHYID CTOHK)', TaK 11 rOpH30HTaJIbH}TIO
IlITaHry
Mycpm C UlapOBOH OnOpOH n03BOJIfleT 3aKperrl1Th pa3JII1'lHbIe rrpH6o-
pbI 11 .n.eTaJIl1 no,n: pa3HblMI1 yrJIaMI1 K CTOHKe lllTaTHDa. MY<PTbI KpeCTO-
06pa3HbIC npenHa3HaQeHbI .lIJIfl KpeJUIeHllil Crep)KHei1 Ha CTOMKe IIITaTHBa
BO B3aJfMHO nepneH.IlHKYlliIPHblX nOJIO>KeHI1SIX.
CTaJIbHbIe CTep)KH11 C 1130JII1PYIOIllHMH HaKOHeQHI1KaMllllCnOJIb3YlOTCfI
rrpll npOBe)leHHJf onbITOB no 3JIeKrpOCTan1Ke 11 3JIeKTpOJ{HHaMMKC.
TeXHH1JeCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH npH60pa
1) .L(nHHa CToeK C pe3b6oti 750 MM; J]J1I1Ha KOpOTKOH CTORKI1 300 MM.
2) )JHaMeTp cTep:>K:HeH IIITaTHDa 12 MM; JI.Ha eTp oTBepcTHM rrOl(CTaBOK
14 MM.
3) fa6apJfTHbIe pa3McpbI llITaTHBa He 60JIee 315 X 220 X 1150 MM.
4) 06Il{all Macca IlITaTMBa C rrpI1H3J1JIe)l(HOCTSlMH He 60JIee 8 Kf.
2) YHuBepcanbHblu Ha60p wmamUBOB
a) llITaTHB .n.eMOHCTPaIUfOHHbIH npe.n;Ha3Ha'leH .lJJHI C60PKM ytIe6HblX
3KcnepMMCHTaJIbHbIX YCTaHoBoK Ha )leMoHcrpau.MOHHOM CTOJIe Ka6llHeTa
<DH3lfKH. OH o6eCrre'lHBaeT 3aKpeIUJeHHe Ha pa3JII1'lHOH BbICOTe H no.u pa3-
HbI H yrJIaMI1 npeJI.MeTOB npHcrroco6JIeHMM 11 YCTPOMCTB, Heo6xo.ul1-
MbIX ,WUI rrpoBe.ueHl1ll TOro IUIH HHoro orrbITa. II1TaTHB flBJISleTCSI 6a30BbIM
.zUUI Dcero yJIHBepCaJIbHOrO Ha6opa.
B COCTaB KOMITJIeKTa IIITaTHBa (pllC. 2.22) BxonflT CJIe IUl1e 3JIe-
MeHTbI: orropa C peryJIHpyeMbIMH HO)K[(aMI1 (1IlIT.); CTep:>KeHb 60JIblllOH C
pe3b6oBbiM HaKOHeQHllKOM (1 lllT.);
CTep)l(eHb MaJIbIM C pe3b6oBbiM OT-
BepcTl1eM (lIIlT.); CTep:>KeHb H30JII1-
PYIDIllHH (2 lIlT.); MY<}>Ta Kpene:>KHaSl
(4IlIT.); JIaIIKa 3IDKHMaIOIllaSl: C Tpe-
MSI 3mrnaTaMI1 (1 IlIT. ), C qeTbIpb-
MSI 3aXBaTaMH (1 UlT.) , C u:eIIHbIM
3aXBaTOM (1 llIT.); MY<lna C KplO'l-
KOM (2 IIIT.); KOJIbUO co CTep)KHeM
(lIlIT.).
KOHCTPYKlIJISI IIlTaTI1Ba npenyc-
MaTpHBaeT B03MO}J(HOCTb )KecTKoro
coenHHeHIDI ,n:BYX OCHOBaHMH C no-
MOll1blO ropll30HTaJIbHOro CTep:xaUI.
PeryJIllpOBKa BepTl1KaJIbHOrO pac-
nOJIO>KeHIDI CTOHKl1 IlITaTMBa ocy-
IlleCTBJISleTCSI BpaIlleHl1eM rOJIOBOK
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PMC. 2.22
. . 060PY.nOBAH E o6111Ero HA3HA'1EHV1I A60'1Ei130Hbl Y'1 TEJJ}l
BHHTOB Ha orropax OCHOBaHHR. YBeJUIQeHMe BblCOTbI 3KCnepMMeHTaJIbHOH
YCTaHOBKH ,D,OCTHraeTCR nyrel\'{ COe,D,HHeHIDI CTep)I(HeM, BbIIIOJIH5lI0111MX
cPYHKUHIO CTOMKH, C nOMOIUblO COe.n.MHHTeJIbHbIX Myq,T. )J,.rrSJ nO.D.BeCa rpy-
30B 60JIbIllOll MaCCbI C06HpalOT n -06pa3HyJO KOHCTPYKUMIO C I1CnOJIb30Ba-
HHeM llBYX IIITaTIfBOB.
JJ.JISI KpenJIeHH51 npe.nMeTOB HenpaBMJIbHOM cPOpMbl lUll1 COCYD.OB .n:l1a-
MCTPOM .no 200 MM I1CnOJIb3YIOT JIanKY C u.enHbIM 3IDK11MOM. I1cnOJIb3YSI
pe3JfHOBbIe YIlOPbI B Ka1:leCTBe OrpaHH'lHTeJUl, YCTaHaBjIHBaIOT npel{MeT
B JIanKY H, OXBaTHB cro u.cnblO no IlepMMeTp}T, 3aKpeI1JUlIOT COOTBeTCTBYIO-
rn;ee 3BeHO u.enli Ha KplOKe JIailKH. BpamcHHeM raMKll peryJIlfpYIOT CilllY
3aKpenJIeHIDI npCllMeTa u.eIlblO.
Myqrry C KpI01:IKOM lfCilOJIb3yIOT.lI:IDI C60PKH yCTaHoBoK, Tpe6ylOllIIfx
npMMeHeHIDI HIfT5JHbTX IlO,D,BeCOB.
ra6apllTHble pa3MepbI lllTaTIfBa: )UIMH3 60JIbIllOrO crep)I(H51 600 M f;
)lJIlfH3 MaJIOro CTep)f(HSI 400 MM; pa3McpbI onopbI 60 x 260 x 90 MM.
6) PaMHbIH KOMIIJIeKT npe,D,Ha3Ha1:lcH J])ISI c60pKM pa\fHbIX KOHCTPYKUlfM
Ha OCHOBe IllTaTIfBa .n.eMOHCTPaUHOHHoro 2.16 (2a). OH o6ecnc1:IHBaeT
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XO,lU1MbiX JJ)UI npOBe,D,eHIUI OnbITOB, B KOTOpbIX Tpe6yeTcfl IlOBbIlIlenHa5I
YCTOHQHBOCTb 3KcnepHMeHTaJIbHOH YCTaHOBKl:I.
B COCTaB KOMnJIeKTa BXO,WIT: onopa C peryJTMpyeMbIMH HO)KKaMlf
(lIlIT.); CTep}KeHb 60JIbIllOH C pe3b6oBbI HaKOHC1:JHlfKOM (1 lIlT.); CTep-
)KeHb MaJIbli1: C pe3b6oBbIM OTBepCTlfeM (I IllT.); ty{)7(})Ta KpeIle)I(HaH YClfJIeH-
asI (2 IllT.); MY(})Ta Kpene)I(Ha5I yJIHBepCaJIbHa5I (2 IIIT.); JIailKa 3aJKIfJ\.ofalO-
maR: C TpeM5l 3aXBaTaMlf (I IllT.), C 1:ICTbTpbMfl 3aXBaTaMl1 (1 IllT.); .rrcp:>Ka-
TeJIb 61OpeTOK (I lIlT.).
\ ra6apl1THble pa3MepbI KOMIlJICKTa:
DJIllHa 60.ITb1IIOrO cTepJKIDl600 MM; DJIlI-
Ha MaJIOrO CTep:>KHSI 400 MM; pa3MepbI
OilOpbl 260 x 260 x 90 MM.
TIpH c60pKe KOMllJIeKTa OCHOBaHlie
YCTIlHaBJ1I1BaIOT Ha poBHYIO ropM30H-
... -
TaJIbHYIO nOBepXHOCTb. D:onOJIHHTeJIb-
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llleCTBJISIIOT BpallleHlleM rOJIOBOK onop.
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TaJIbHbIll CTep:>KHI1. CBo60l{HbIll KOHCU
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Pltc. 2.2
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TI1KaJIbHbIC CTep)KfUI YCI1JIeHHbIe KpenC)KHbIe MY<PTbI H COe.nMHSUOT I1X .nO-
nOJIHMTeJTbHblM rOpJf30HTaJIbHbIM CTep)KHeM (pMC. 2.23).
ITOJIyqMBIlIa5.lCSI paMHaH KOHCTpYKJ..(IUI 06JIa;::t;aeT nOBbIllIeHHOH YCTOll-
QI1BOCTbIO K OnpOI<Jf,lXbIBaHHlO. TIPM He06xoJ1J1MOCTH ropM30HTaJIbHO MO-
ryr YCTaHaBJIMBaThCH napbI 60JIblIII1X HJIJ1 MaJIbIX cTep:>KHeii. TaKHM o6pa-
30M MOJKHO peryJIJ1pOBaTb paCCTOHHMe Me)f():(Y OnOpaMI1 paMbL
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TH, 06pa30BaHHOii BepTl1KaJIbHbIMM CTep:>KHSIMM, MCnOJIb3YJQT MYCPTbI Kpe-
rre)KHbIe yJIMBepCaJIbHbIe. OHM )lCC CJlY)KaT.lI.IDI YCTaHOBKH JIanOK napaJI-
JIeJIbHO I1JIH rrepnCHJ1MKYIDIpHO CTep)f(}UlM.
BXon:5.l11Ule B paMHbIll KOMlliIeKT JIanKH M n:ep)KaTeJIb 61OpeTOK MOryr
MCnOJIb30BaThCSI BMeCTe C aHaJIOrnQHbIMM 3JICMeHTaMM M :Kperre)l(ffbIMI1
MYCPTaMI1 IlITaTI1Ba .neMOHCTpau.HOHHoro.
8) IDTaTH8 H30JDIPYJOII.uill npe.nHa3HaQeH.fiJISI c60pKM 3KcnepHMeH-
TaJIbHbIX YCTaHOBOK npl1 H3yqeHluI 3JIeKTpOCTaTHKH M 3JICK1pOJJ;HHaMMKll
M COCTOMT M3 .n.BYX CTep}f(Hei1 ,lJ)lMHOii 230 MM C 1130J1lfpYIOll.{MMM HaKO-
He IHMKOMH (CM. pl1C. 2.21). OH o6eCneQMBaeT 1130JII1poBaHHoe 3aKpCIIJIe-
HMe TOKOrrpOBO,l(5lll.{I1X I(eTaJICll.neMoHcTpallHoHHbIX YCTaHOBOK.
ITpH c60pKe 3KcnepMMCHTaJIbHbIX YCTaHOBOK CTep)KH11 YCTaHaBJII1BalOT
B MY TY nITaTMBa JJ;eMOHCTpaQI10HHOrO 2.16 (2a). )1.rISI ycraHOBKI1 CTep)K-
HCll B OOPTMKaJIbHOll nJIOCKOCTI1 OHM MOryr 6bITb 3aKpeTIJIeHbI Henocpe.n-
CTBeHHO B Kpene:>KHOM Y3JIe OCHOB3HIDI IlITaTMBa.
K bIM 1130JIliPYlOll.{MM HaKOHeQHMK MMceT ,.nBe rpynnbI nonapHO CO-
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HMH K I1CTO'-IHllKY nI1TaHMSI, J1PyrylO - ,WIH KpeTIJIeHMH 3JIeMeHTa 3Kcne-
pl1MeHTaJIbHOll yCTaHOBKl1.
K oJJ;Hoii H3 rpynn KJIeMM nOJJ;COe,lU1HeHa BTYJIKa, 06eCnCQl1BalOll(aSI YC-
TaHOBKY 3JIeKTp o .n O B, MMeIOll(I1X CPOPMY' KOHyca, II mapa M3 KOMTIJIeKTa
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KOJI6a IIJIOCKO.nOHHa5I KIT - 250; CTaKaH C HOCliKOM BH -100; oopOHKa B-75;
Cnl1pTOBKa; epIlI ,!UUf MbITbJl nocyn:bI (2IIIT.); npo6Ka pe3MHOBa.H J],IDI KOJI6
(2 UIT.); npo6MpKa XHMWleCKa.sr IIX-14 (10 lllT.); 3 DKHM npo6MpO'IHMll;
mTaTI1B IDTaCTMaccoBbIit )J)llIIO np0611pOK.
ra6apMTHble pa3Mepbl KOMnJICKTa B yrraKoBKe He 60JIee 330 x 250 X
X 130 MM; Macca HC 60JIee 4 KT.
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JIon HJTll cpeJIHeM TBep.aOCTli C BHYTPeHHllM ,D,HaMeTpOM He 60nee 8 MM
M TOJIID:llHOH CTeHKH He 60JIee 1,3 MM.
3) ra6apHTHble pa3MepbI np HHoro 3a)l(JfMa 70 X 40 x 10 MM; Macca
He 60J1ee 0,02 Kf.
2) BUHmOBOtl 30JKUM (pHC. 2.25, 6) COCTOMT H3 CTaJIbHOro Koprryca
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peHHIfM nlfaMel'pOM He 60nee 8 MM M TOnIllI1HOll CTeHKl1 He 60JIee
2,3 MM.
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Macca He Gonee 0,04 Kf.
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MO)K.HOCTh OHHOBpeMeHHom H He3aBHCllMoro H3MepeHIDI H IIH,UJ1KaUHH
B3aHMOCB5I3aHHOM CHCTeMbI napaMeTpOB: HanpHMep, CHJIbI TOKa M Ha-
np5I)J{eHIDI; MaCChI H CHJIbI; CIIJIbI II YCKopeHHH; .n:aBJIeHI1H H TeMnepa-rypbI
ll.np.
KU,CI1- 3 6e3 nplfMeHeHH5.I Ha60pa R3MepHTeJIbHbIX rrpeo6pa30BaTe.rreM
H3MepSieT rrOCT05IHHOe HarrpIDKeHHe H CIIJIY rrOCT05IHHOrO TOKa. C HCnOJIb-
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BpeM5I, CKOpOCTb II YCKopeHHe, CII1I nepeMeHHble HanpHJKeHHe H CIUIY
TOKa.
TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH IIK:Q
1) HanpIDKeHHe rrHTaHIDI220 + 22 (B).
2) nOTPe6.IDIeMaH MOIIlHOCTb He 60JIee 10 BT.
3) fa6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI He 60JIee 297 x 150 X 60 MM.
4) Macca npH60pa He 60JIee 1,6 Kf.
5) IIorpellIHocTb H3MepeHHH He 60JIee 2 e.D:HHHU MJIa,Urnero pa3PMa.
6) I1H.a HKa u:nSllf3Mep5IeMOrO napaMeTpa 3 .n:eCHTI1QHbIX pa3pMa.
napaMeTpbI, H3Mep5IeMbIe C I1CnOJIb30BaHl1eM Kl(CI1-3, rrpeJJ;CTaBJIe-
HbI B Ta6JIHl.(e 2.3.
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31IeKTPM'leCKIDI eMKOCTb, n<I> 11£-1 0-2000 I
(C- MeTp)
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He GOJlee 3 M. KOHCTPYKU,MSl rrpH60pa npeJIycMaTpHBaeT .n:eCSITb pe)KHMOB
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113MepMTeJIbHOrO MexaHM3Ma npl160pa COCTOI1T 113 paMKM C D,BY IS1 nOJIY-
'-'I3MepMTeJ1bHble npl160pbl 1m
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lIeH H3 HeMarHHTHoro MaTepHana - aJIIOMHI-lliSI. Ha KapKace HaMOTaHa
06MOTKa 113 MeD,HOrO 1if30JIHpOBaHHoro npoBo.n;a.
CBo6o,l(Hble KOHl(bI CrrHpaJIbHbIX npOTHBoD,eMCTByromHX npY)KJ1H npM-
nanHbI: rrepe.n;HslSl np)1)KHHa - K JlerrecT 3aKperuIeHHoMY B Jif30JISlUllOH-
HOM BTYJIKe B OliHOM 113 rrOJIIOCHbIX HaKOHey.HHKOB; 3a.I(HHSI rrpY)KJ1Ha -
K rrOBOlIKY KOppeKTOpa.
AMrrepMeTP 11 BOJIbMerp C raJIbBaHOMeTpaMH I1MelOTCSI B 60JIbllll1HCTBe
Ka6HHeTOB €p113JifKM. B HaCTO$llilee BpeMSI JifX rrpOlI3BOllCTBO rrpeKpameHO,
HO Be.n;eTCH pa60Ta ITO Mo.n;epH113aUIIH np1l6opOB Jif BOCCTaHOBJIeHHIO HX
CepHJ:lHOrO BbInYCKa. no xapaKfeplfCTHKaM 3TMM rrpH60paM aHaJIOrnQHbI
11l1cppOBbIe npM60pbl 2.34 11 2.35.
2.34. AMTIepMeTp (A4301), BOnbTMeTp (B4301)
11 MynbTI1MeTp (M430 1) 11<ppoBble 1
np1l6opbl (pHC. 2.52) npC.rLHa3Hay.eHbI JI.JTSI npOBCp,eHI151
!.c:::.-:: _ __ .
113MepeHJUI OCHOBHblX 3JIeKTpWIeCKllX BeJIHy.I1H B uenSIX rrepeMcHHoro ,
11 rrOCTOSIHHoro TOKa.
TexHWlecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH npu6opoB
1) Macca Bcex rrpH6opOB He 6oJ1ee 1 Kr.
2) Pa3MepbI Bcex npH6opoB OD,I1HaKOBbI 11 paBHbl 410 x 205 x 45 MM.
3) BOJIbTMCTpOM B4301 (CM. pHC. 2.52, a, cneBa) 113MepSIIOT HarrpIDKeHHe
B CJIe.n:yronlliX npe.n;eJIax: HarrpSI>KeHHC nOCTOSIHHoro TOKa 200 MB, 2 B,
20 B, 200 B, 1000 B; HarrpSl)KeHlIe nepeMeHHoro TOKa 200 MB, 2 B,
20 B, 200 B, 750 B.
I OnMCaHl1e COCTaBJleHO COBMCCTHO cA. r:. BapeHI1KoM.
1m 3MEP&i1TEI1bHbl"" KOMnI1EKC I{A6 HETA 11Itt13J.1Ktt1
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4) npe.n;eJIbl 113MepeHHSI CHJIbI nOCTOSIHHoro TOKa H CHlIbI nepeMeHHO-
ro TOKa aMnepMeTpOM A4301 (CM. pl1C. 2.52, Q, cnpaBa) o.n;HHaKOBbi 11
paBHbI: 2 MA; 20 MA; 200 'fA; 1000 MA; lOA.
5) }JHana30HbI BeJIl1':111H, H3MepSIeMbIX MYJIbTI1MeTpOM M4301 (pl1c. 2.52,
6), npHBe.u eHbI B TaMHl.{e 2.6.
\
Ta6nuup 2.6
\
'"
\ M3MepJleMaJi npeAenbl
SenM'IMHa M3MepeHMM
HanpR)f(eHIIe nOCTO- 200 MB 2B 20 B 200 B 1000 B
flHHoro TOKa
CHITa nOCTOSlHHoro 2M A 20MA 200 MA 1000 MA lA
TOKa
COnpOTIIBJICIll1e 200 OM 2KOM 20 KOM 200 KOM 2000 KO f
HanpJDKeHJ1e ncpc- 200 MB 2B 20B 20GB 750B
MCHHoro TOKa
CIDIa ncpeMeHHoro 2MA 20MA 200 MA 1000 MA lA
TOKa
J13Mep..,TeJ1bHble np..,6opbl Em
B COCTaB npH6opOB BXOllllT COCTaBJISIIOT CJIeJ(YIOll.{l1e OCHOBHbIe <l>YHK-
Ul10HaJIbHbIe Y3JIbI: aHaJIOrO-UM€PPOBOil npe06pa30BaTeJIb; MH)JJ1KaTOp;
llCT04HMK nlITaHHSI C raJIbBaHH4eCKon pa3BR3KOJi; .QereKTOp; 6JIOK 3Ta-
JIOHHbIX pe311CTopOB; 6JIOK KOMM)lTal(IlM npeJ(eJIOB M pe)KJ.fMOB H3MepeHMH.
CTPYKTYPHa5I cxeMa rrpl160pOB rrpIfBelleHa Ha pllCYHKe 2.53.
AHO.Il020-l(UljJp060U npeo6p0306ameAb OCYllI.eCTBJISleT npeo6pa30-
BaHMe nOCTYITalOI..UerO Ha ero BXO.D: Hanp5I)I(eHHH B lJ.H€pPOBOil KOJ( ceMMcer-
MeHTHOrO llH,lJ,HKaTopa.
HHiJuKamop oTo6pa)l(aeT 3HaqeHMe M3MeplleMOH npl160pOM <l>H311qe-
CKOM BeJIH4HHbI. B .uaHHbIX rrpM60pax llCrrOJIb3yeTcH CBeTo.D:HO.D:HbIM THrr
HH..QllKaUMM.
HCmO'lHUK numaHllil rrpeo6pa3yeT rrepeMeHHoe Harrp$DKeHHe 220 B
nMT3IOI..Uett ceTll B HarrpIDKeHMe 3Ha4eHMeM 9 B, raJIbBaHll':l.eCKM He CBH-
3aHHoe C ceTblO, 4TO 06eCneQl1BaeT Heo6xo.QHMbIM ypOBeHb 6e30naCHOCTM
xs
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MCroQHI1K nMTaHIDf
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1m 3MEP TEflbHblft KOMnJ1EKC KA6 HETA t1J 311K
npH pa60Te C npl160pOM. 3TO HanpH}KeHl1e MCrrOJIb3yeTC5I .D,JUI rrl1TaHMH
BCeX Y3JIOB npM60pa 11 He 3aBMCMT OT KOJIe6aHMH ceTeBoro HanpIDKeHHH.
,D,emeKmop npe,UHa3HaQeH )J,JUI BbICOKOTO'lHOrO npeo6pa30BaHMSJ M3-
MepHeMblX Cl1rHaJIOB nepeMeHHoro TOKa B cpe,UHee 3Ha'leHl1e BblrrpHMJIeH-
Horo HarrpIDKeHJUI.
EAOK 3maJlO1lllblX pe3ucmop08 COCTOI1T H3 JJ:BYX Ha6opOB BbICOKO-
TO'IHbIX pe3HCTopOB 11 O,D,HOro npOBOJTOQHOrO pe3I1CTOpa-IlI)'HT3. Pe3MCTO-
pbl, BXO,n:SIIIJ:Me B 6nOK, MCnOJIb3YlOTCH ,lJ,JUI ,n:eJIeHIDI HanpSDKeHIDI, rrpen.-
Ha3HaQeHHOrO ,lJ,JUI HOpMMpOBaHIDi 113MepHeMoro HarrpR>KeHIDI B COOTBeT-
CTBHM C Bbl6paHHbIM rrpen.enOM M3MepeHMH, TaK KaK aHaJIOrO-l.{McPPO-
Boll: rrpeo6pa30BaTeJIb crroco6eH pa60TaTb C BXO](HbIMIl HanpH)I(eHlliIMH,
He npeBbIllIaJOII.1I1Mll 3HaQeHMSI 200 MB. npll M3MepeHHM CMJIbl TOKa B Ka-
'leCTBe IJ.IyHTOB llCnOJIb3}'1OTCH 3TaJIOHHlJe pe311CTopbI HI13KOOMHbJX HO-
MI1HaJIOB OT O,I,n:o 900 OM. D:nH H3MepeHHSI CMJIbI TOKa 3HaQeHHeM](0 10 A
HCnOJIb3yeTcH rrpOBOJIO'l.HbI:tI illYHT cOrrpOTllBJIeHMe 0,01 OM. Pe311CTopbI
6JIOKa rrpH H3MepeHI111 COrrpOTMBJIeHIDI HBJI5JlOTCH 3TaJIOHaMM, C KOTOpbI-
MI1 cpaBHHBalOTcH 113MepHeMble corrpOTHBJTeHlUJ.
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113Mep"TenbHble np"6opbl 1m
E.nOK KOMMymall,UU He06xo,UJfM JlJUI nepCKJIIOQeHI1H 3TaJIOHHbIX pe-
311CTOpOB B COOTBeTCTBMI1 C BbI6paHHbIMI1 rrpeneJIOM M pe)l(HMOM 113Mepe-
HI1H H }J)JJI ynpaBJIeHHH pa60TOM OCTMbHhIX <})YHKUI10HMbHbIX Y3JIOB npl1-
60pa B 3aBI1CI1MOCTM OT pe)l(l1Ma pa60ThL
AJ,.'lrrepMeTp A4301 M BOJIbTMeTp B4301 BbInOJIHeHbI Ha 6a3C CXeMbI
MYJIbTHMeTpa M4301.
MYJIbTIlMeTp M4301 11 BOnbTMeTp B430 I cHa6)1(eHbI cneI.(MaJIbHOM
npl1CTaBKOM II4301 )JJIH Mccne11.OBaHHH SlBJIeHIDl CaMOHH,LI,yKUMIl. CxeMa
npMcTaBKH npl1Be,UeHa Ha pl1CYHKe 2.54, a.
KOHCTpyKTHBHO npl1CTaBKa BblrronHeHa B I1naCTI1KOBOM Kopnyce C qe-
TbIpbM.H rHC3,UaMI1 )LJTH n011.KJIlOqeHIHI BHelllHI1X npH6opoB 11 KROnKOM
«HaKOrrJIeHHe» .
Ll,nSl rrpOBe.QeHI1H 3KCnepl1Mema K rrpHCTaBKe 110D.KJIlOqaIOTCH BHelll-
Hlle rrpl160pbl B COOTBeTCTBHJf co cxeMo:tl (pl1c. 2.54, 6): Al - npHCTaBKa
TI4301; GI - HCTOQHI1K rrOCTOHHHoro HanpSl)KeHI1Sl OT 6,U0 12 B (cillIa TO-
Ka 3 A); PV - BOJIbTMeTp 11.eMOHcTpaUI10HHbIM B4301 HJIH M4301; LI -
KaTYlllKa HH.D.YKTI1BHOCTblO OT 1 11.0 10 fH.
2.35. (4.4.4) l{oMTIneKT QI1<PPOBbIX 113MepI1Tenei1 Cl1nbI
TOKa 11 HanpR>KeHI1R
KOMITJIeKT I1pe.nHa3Ha1:IeH lIJUI npOBe.n;eHIDl 11.eMOHCTpa-
UllOHHbIX 3KcnepllMeHTOB no TaKMM TeMaM 3JIeKTpo.rrIlHaMI1KH, KaK no-
CTOSIHHbIM 3nCKTpI1QecKI1M TOK, nepeMeHHbIM TOK, TOK B 110nyrrpOBO.QHI1-
Kax, H HCKOTOpbIM 11.pyrHM. B OCHOBY KOMl1neKTa rrOJIO.>KeH MO.QYJIbHbIH
npHHUlln: ,Una YHI1BepCaJIbHbIX Ullq,pOBbIX I1HlII1KaTOpa MOryT 6bITb YCTa-
HOBJIeHbI Ha pa3JIM1:IHble OCHOBaHI1Sl - 113MepJfTenbHble M011.YJII1, 1:ITO 06ec-
neql1BaeT 113MepeHI1Sl CHJIbI TOKa H HanpIDKeHI1H B pa3HbIX ,Ul1ana30Hax
H pelKHMax. Ul1clJPOBOM 113Mepl1TeJIbHbIll rrpM60p c06MpacTCH rrepen. npo-
Be,UeHlleM ,UeMOHCTpal.{IlOHHOro 3KcnepMMeHTa M rrpenCTaBIDleTCH yqa-
I.I:(HMCH KaK e11.l1Hoe ueJl:oe.
- -
KOMnJIeKT lil1CPpOBbIX H3MCpHTeJIeJt MO)l(HO HCnOJIb30BaTb eIlle Ha 3Ta- -
ne 3HaKOMCTBa YQaIll.I1XCSI C 3JIeKTPHQeCKMMil SlBJIeHlffiMI1, Korna Ba)I(HO
Cq,OpMl1pOBaTb rrpaBRJIbHble HaBbIKI1 pa60TbI C H3MepHTeJ1bHbIMI1 np1160-
paMI1; npe11.CTaBJICHI1S1 06 lIX MeCTe B 3JIeKTplPleCKOM uenl1. 113Mepl1Tcnb-
HbIe npl160pbI, co6paHHble Ha 6a3e KOMITJIeKTa, BCTaBJIffiOTCH B 3J1CKTpl1-
1:IecKylO I.(enb B KaQeCTBe ee cocTaruullomHX, 'l.TO, 6e3YCJIOBHO, 06JIerqaeT
yqaIllMMcH nOHI1MaHHe YQe6HOrO MaTepHaJIa.
K01\'fI1JIeKT (pl1c. 2.55) COCTaBJUllOT UllcppoBbIe 6JI0K11 llH,Ll,I1KaUHI1
(2 llIT.) 11 CJIe.nYIOIllMe 113MepllTeJIbHbTe MO,nYJTM: BOJIbTMeTp rrOCTOHHHoro
TOKa (V); aMnepMeTp nOCTOHHHoro TOKa (A); MHJIJII1BOJIbTMerp nOCTOSIH-
Horo TOKa (mY); MJUIJIllat-.1nepMeTp nOCTOSlHHoro TOKa (mA); BOJIbTMeTp
nepCMeHHoro TOKa ( V); MHnJ1l1aMrrepMeTp rrepeMeHHoro TOKa ( mA).
m1 t.13MEPt.1TEJlbHblfl J{OMnJlEJ{( t<A6t.1HETA 4>Vl3HKH
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I
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T a6f1uu,a 2.7
Ha3BaHIo1e 1013Meplo1TenbHoro nplo16opa
npeAenblM3MepeHMM
BOJIbTMelp nOCTOs-IHHOrO TOKa
99.9 B
AMnepMeTp nOCTOJIHHoro TOKa
10,0 A
MllJI.JUmOJIbTMCTP 1l0CTO.flUHOrO TOKa
999 MB
MWVII1aMnepMCTp nOCTORIIHOI'"O TOKa
999 MA
BOJIbTMeTp nepCMeHHoro lOKa
99.9 B
999 MA
I
\ MIIJlJIll3MnepMC1p nepeMCIIHOI 0 TOKa
llpen:eJIbI H3MepeHJUII.U,UPPOBlJX npll6opoB npHBeneHLT B Ta6nHI.(e 2.7.
\ B ytle6HoM 3KcnepHMeHTe HC Tpe6yeTcH on.HOBpefo.-1eHHO 113MCpHTb 60-
JIee .l(BYX napaMeTpoB, rr03TOM:y HaJIl1'llle B KOMnJTeKTe JlBYX 1I.11q,POBbIX IfH-
.II:MKaTOpOB BnOJIHe 1I0CTaTOqHO.
H3MepllTeJIbHbIH MO.n:yJTb I1MeeT na BepxHei1 nOBepXHOCTI1 KJIeMMbI
\ JIJISI nO.II:KJIlOqeHHSI ero K 3JIeKTPHQeCKOM l.{enl1 II pa3'be f .DJI51 UHcPpoBoro
6J10Ka I1H,l1MKal.{l1l1. Ha HI1)l(HeM nOBcpXHOCTI1 Mon.yn5J YCTaHOBJIeHbI Mar-
......... .....
HHT:bI, n03BOJI5IIOll.{l1e 3aKpennSlTb l.{11<PPOBOM 113Mepl1TCJIbHblH npH60p
Ha BepTI1KaJlbHOM MeTaJIJTI1QeCKOM nOBcpXHOCfn. BHellIHI1H BI1lI:, KOHCT-
PYKll.I1SI 11 pa3MepbI H3MepIfTeJIbHOrO Monyn$l coorneTCTB}'IOT Bce f 3JIe-
MeHTaM Ha60poB JIJISI lleMoHcTpaUHoHHbIX 3KCnepl1MeHTOB no 3JIeKTpI1-
QeCTB)T. BHyrpl1 113Mepl1TeJIbHbIX MO,DYJTeM HMelOTCSI cxeMa ynpaBJICHMSI
pe)KHMOM pa60TbT l.{l1cppoBoro 6JIOKa HHlI.I1Kal.{I1H (nocmORll1fblU / nepe-
MeHHblU TOK) H CXCMa COrJIaCOBaHI1SI 113MepHeMblX napaMeTpOB C pa601:IHM
JIHana30HOM UI1q,poBoro 6JIOKa I1HJ1HKallHI1, T. e. .n:eJTI1TeJII1 HanpR}KeHIDI
I1JlI11IIYHTbI.
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.""""'11\
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11H1lI1KaTOp. n lfraHMC efO ocymeCTBJISIeTC» OT CeTI1 Hanp5DKCHHeM 220 B
Qepe3 ceTeBon a.rraIlTep. Ha Kopnyce 6noKa 11H1lI1KaUMI1 C OHTHpOBaH
pa3'heM LI)IH YCTaHOBKI111 nOJJ:KJTIO'leHI1H ero K 113Mepl1TeJIbHOMY MOlIY..'IIO.
2.36. (3.14) IIplltcTaBKa 1{ TeneBH30PY
oC lItnnorpa lIt eCKaRl
npncTaBKa n03BOJUIeT I1CnOJIb30BaTb TeJTeBI130p B Ka-
y:eCTBe J(CMOHCTpalU10HHOfO .lJ:BYXKaHaJIbHOrO OCIUlJIJIorpacpa, KOTOPblM
npe,ilHa3HaQeH )'J)151 Ha6nlO,D;eHHSl cPOPMbI H QaCTOTbl nepI10LII1'-IeCKMX Cl1f-
Hlli"TOB npH nOCTaHOBKC n.eMOHCTpaUI10HHbIX OnblTOB no pa3HbiM pa31Ie;raM
Kypca CPI1311KJ1.
n pll60p rrpe,UCTamUleT C060M aHaJIoro- UMQJPOBOM rrpe06pa30BaTeJlb
I1CCJI lIyeMMx CHfHaJIOB 11 3arrpOfpa\1Ml1pOBaHHbTB npoueccop, CJ1THaJI
C KOToporo non:aCTCSI na BHJ(eOBXOn; TeJIeBH30pa (pl1c. 2.56). B pe;3YJlbTaTe
Ha 3KpaHe TenCBM30pa cpopMl1pyeTcH 11306pa)l(CHHe OCllMJIlIOfpaM lbI MC-
CJIe;ryeMofo CHfHfui3, MaClllTa6HOM CCTKH n MeHIO pe}f(HMOB yrrpaBJIeHI1H
OCllHJ1JTOrpacP° M .
OCHoBHble TeXHH'IeCKHe xapaKTepHcTuKU
I) Pa3Mcp r-.mclllTa6HOH CeTKM Ha 3KpaHC TeJTeBH30pa - 8 x 8 ,UeneHMM;
,Una BX0.lJ:HbIX KaH3.rla.
2) ,lIHarra30H '(laCTOT Bxo,UnblX CHfHaJIOn Ha Ka)KJJ.OM KaHaJIC 0-500 KrU;
,D;Hana30H ypOBHCM BXOlIHbIX Cl1fHaJIOB OT 20 MB/lIen 11:0 I B/.ueJI; nl1a-
na30n ropH30HTa..TlbHoi1 pa3BepTKl1 OT 10 1Kc/n.eJI.lJ:o 50 MC/lIeJI.
3) Pe:>KJ.1M pa60TbI - OliHOKaH 'lbHbIe, lIBYXKaHaJIbHbIe.
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I Onl1CaUHe COCTaH..'ICHO B. A. )lopo4>eeHbIM.
_ 113a.tEPJIITEJlbHbU1 KOMnJlEKC KA6V1HETA 4>Vl3V1KVI
J eMOHCTpa:qMOHH06
.6oPYAOBaHMe
o MeXaHMKe
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B nepHO,l:{ ,l:{O peaJIH3aIJJII1 roCY.n:apCTBeHHOH npOrpaMMbI
«Yqe6HaH TeXHHKa}) 113 BCeX TeM MeXaHHKH TOJIbKO CTaTJ1Ka .I1MeJIa OTHO-
CHTeJIbHO rrOJIHYIO CIiCTeMY,l:{eMOHCTpaJ..(.I10HHOrO 3KCnepHMeHTa, nOCTa-
HOBKY KOTOpOrO 06eCneQHBalOT IDU1 Ha60p no CTaTHKe 3.6, IDIM JJ;HHaMO-
MeTpbI .n:eMoHCTpaI.(HOHHbIe 2.23. KOMIIJIeKT 3.4 n03BOIDIeT npOBeCTH co-
BMeCTHbIe H3MepeHIDI KOOPAMHaTbl H BpeMeHH.
O.n;HaKo np.l1 OTCyrCTBHH crroc060B COBMeCTHbIX H3MepeHHM CKOpOCTH
M BpeMeHH, YCKopeHHjI 11 BpeMeHH, YCKopeHMH H CHJlbI H3yqeHHe MexaHH-
qeCKoro JJ;BIDKeHIDI BblpO)f()J;aeTCSI B HCCJIe,n:OBalllie reOMe11JWleCKOro nepe-
MemeHHSI .
B TaKHX YCJIOBIDIX KHHeMaTWIeCKHe 3aKOHOMepHOCTH BocnpHHHMaIOT-
CH yqaru::nMMCH KaK MaTeMaTHqeCKHe COOTHOllIeHMR. TOJIbKO HCnOJIh30Ba-
HHe COBpeMeHHbIX cpeJJ;CTB n03BOJIHJIO p3.3peurnTb YKa3aHJIyIO npo6JIe
Ha60pld «MexaHHKa» 3.1(1) H «BpaIUaTeJIbHOe .QBIDKeHHe» 3.1(2) no-
3BOJUllOT rrpOBeCTH COBMeCTHbIe H3MepeHIHI C HCnOJIb30BaHHeM KOMTIblO-
TepHoM CHCTeMbI 2.20. KHHeMaTHQeCKHe 3aKOHOMepHOCTI1 s(t), v(1) MOryr
6bITb nOJIyqeHbI B rpaq,HqeCKOH n Ta6JIHQHOM (»OpMax. l1.n;ef[ npe,neJIbHOrO
nepexo.n:a, KOTOpa51 COCTaB..TUIeT CyuuiOCTb rrOH5Irnit CKOpOCTIf n YCKope-
RHf[, HJ1JIIOC'l'pHpyeTcH KOJllf1feCTBeHHbIM 3KCrrep.HMeHTOM.
Ha60p «MexaHHKa» 3.1(1) COrJIaCOBaH c ceKYJI,IJ:OMepoM l{H<I>POBbIM
2.28, ':1m n03BOIDIeT rrpOBO.lUlTb ,D,eMOHC'l'paUHOHHbIe OIIbITbI no aHaJIOllilf
C pa6oToif yqaru:HXCH C Ha6opoM JIa60paTopHbIM «MexaHHKa}) 1.1 (I).
KOMIDIeKT ,D,eMOHCTPaUHOHHbIM no MexaHHKe 3.2 HCnOJIb3yroT ,lI)UI HC-
-.,..
CJIe,n:OBaHHR KHHeMaTI1QeCKJIX 3aKOHOMepHocTeii B03Mq.x<HOCTI1 KOM6H--
....-
Hl1pOBaHHOii l(Hq,POBOii CHCTeMbI H3MepeHI:IH 2.21, KOTOpa51 Q,1JJIDBpeMeH-
HO H3MepReT If BbIBOJJ;"T Ha Ta6JIo npH60pa (nKl.{) MI'HOBeHHbIe 3HaqeHlfH
x, v, a 11 cooTBeTcTByJOIllHe 3HaqeHIDI BpeMeHH.
KOMruJeKTbI 3.1 " 3.2 nOJIHOCTbIO o6ecneQMBaIOT 3KCnepl1MeHTaJIbHyJO
6a3Y JJ:IDI ,D,BYX B03MOJKHbIX CTIOco60B noc'l'poeHIDI MexaHHKH KaK q,"3H-
qeCKOH TeOpID:I: Ha OCHOBe 3aKOHOB HblOToHa H Ha OCHOBe 3aKOHOB co-
xpaHeHIDI. IlpH 3TOM KOMruJeKT 3.2 np.SIMO BbIBO,D,MT Ha rn6JIo qllCJIOBbJe
3HaqeH"R Mo.nyJIeH YCKopeHIDlI:I CHJIbI. KOMIDIeKTbI 3.1 n03BOJIHIOT H3Me-
pHTh HMrryJIbCbI .n;BYX TeJIe)KeK (o,DJIa H3 KOTOpbIX nOKOHTC.sI JJ;O B3aHMo.n;eM-
CTBIDI) AO " IIOCJIe B3a"Mo.n:eHcTBIDI.
_ 88 IEH E
B 3HaQHTeJIbHOM CTeneHH paCIllHpeHa HOMeHKJIaJypa TeMaTHlJeCKHX
Ha6opOB, OCHOBaHHbIX Ha KJIaCCWIeCKHX no.n;xo.uax K J(eMOHCTpaUI10HHO-
MY 3KcnepHMeHTY.
Mo.neJIb CHCTeMbI OTCQeTa 3.3 n03BOJUleT npOBeCTII OKono 20-TH OIlbI-
TOB no OTHOCI1TeJIbHOCTM D;BIDKeHIHI 11 B TOM QHCJIe rrpoHa6JIIO.QaTh B3aM-
MO.QeitCTBMe Ten B J(BIDKYWeifcSI CIfCTeMe OTCQeTa H HHBapl1aHTHOCTb 3aKO-
Ha coxpaHeHHH JlMrryJIbC3 B HHepUl1aJ1hHbIX CIfCTeMaX OTCqeTa.
Pa3pa60TaHbI KOMIIJIeKTbI no a3poJ:J;HHaMHKe 3.7 H fJfJ(pOJ:J;MHaMH-
Ke 3.8.
KOMnneKT no rrpe06pa30BaHI11O ABlDKeHMM, CHJI n MOMeHTOB 3.9
Il03BOlliIeT D;eMoHcTpl1pOBaTb rrpIfHUJ1nHaJIbHOe .n;UI TeXHHKH COOTHOllIe-
HHe Me:>K.II.Y MOMeHTOM M 'IHCnOM 060POTOB, n03BOJI.sIeT npoHa6J1101IaTb
cB060AHbIe II BbIH}I)K.lJ.eHHbIe KOJTe6aHHR, Hccne.nOBaTb pe30HaHc.
npeJ:J;cTaBJleHHble B pa3JJ:ene KOMflJIeKTbI, Ha60pbI II OT,[{eJIbHble npH6o-
pbl npe.nOCTaBJISlIOT B03MO)l(}{OCTb C<pOpMHpOBaTb B Ka611HeTe <PIf3MKM OIl-
TMMaJIbHYIO CI1CTeMY 060PYAOBaHIDl, 06eCrreQMBalOI1(yro nOCTaHOBKY Bcex
JJ:eMOHCT]JaUHH, IlpeJJ:ycMOT]JeHHblx npMMepHbIMH rrporpaMMaMH.
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3.1
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TepHoH M3MepJ.1TeJIbHOfi cHCTeMoi1: -
4.2.10 I) Ha60p «MexaHIIKa»
4.2.9 2) Ha60p «Bparn:aTeJIbHOe JI.BJ.1)!(eHlle»
3.2 KOMllJIeKT .n.eMoHCTpaI.J.MOHHbIi1: no MexaHHKe Ha 210
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MepeHMfi
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3.1. (4.2.10; 4.2.9) KOMnneKT
no MexaH11Ke nOCTYnaTenbHoro
11 Bpa aTenbHoro ABl1>KeHJ.fM AJIR pa60TbI
C KOMTIblOTepHoM 113Mep11TenbHoi1 C11CTeMOM
1) Ha60p «MexoHu«a» (4.2.10) npe,[{Ha3HatJeH ,lI,JUI lIpO-
BeJ(eHIUI ,neMOHCTPauHoHHbIX 3KcnepHMeHToB npM 113 IeHHH KMHeMarn-
KH H .lJ.HHaMHKM lIOCTyTIaTeJIbHOrO .n:BIDKeHHR, ClUJbI TpeHIDI, 3aKOHOB co-
xpaHeHHR, MeXaHHQeCKI1X KOJIe6aHMH.
3TOT Ha60p pa60TaeT C KOMllblOTepHotI H3MepHTeJIbHOM CHCTeMOM 2.20
IDII1 C .n:eMoHcTpaUHoHHbIM ceKYH.LIoMepoM 2.28.
TIpH HCIJOJIb30BaHJUf Ha60pa MO)KHO BbIlIOnHllTh CJIeJIyJOll{He .lI.eMOH-
CTPaU;IfoHHble 3Kcnep11MeHThI.
KMHEMATI1KA: paBHoMepHoe .lI.BIDKeHHe; HepaBHoMepHoe lIBH)Ke-
HHe; nOHHTHe CpeJIHeit CKOpOCTH; onpe.neJIeHHe MrHOBeHHOH CKOpOCTH
TeJIa; onpe.neneHlle YCKopeHHSI npJ1 paBHoycKopeHHoM lIBIDKeHHIf; H3yQe-
HHe 3aBHCllMOCTH CKOpOCTl1 OT BpeMeHI1 npll paBHoycKopeHHoM .n:BIDKe-
HHH*; nyrb, npoH,[{eHHblfi TeJIOM lIPH paBHoycKopeHHoM .lJ.BIDKeHHH C HY-
. JIeBOH HaqarrbHOH CKOpOCTblO; nyrb, npoitn:eHHbIH cHcTeMoH CBH3aHHbIX
\ HHTblO TeJI npH paBHoycKopeHHoM JIBIDKeHHM C HYJIeBOH HaqaJIbHOM CKO-
. POCThIO*; onpe,[{eJIeHHe YCKopeHJUI cBo6o.ll.HOrO naaeHH5I.
\ )]JlHAMMKA: np05lBJIeHI1e HHepuHI1; 3aBllCHMOCTb YCKopeHIDI OT Be-
J1M'II1HbI ,[{eMcTByrollleif Ha Teno CHJIbI 11 OT ero MaCCbI; .n:BIDKeHHe CHCTeMbI
.
T 1I. B none ClUIbI TR)Kecm*; ,nBIDKeHHe TeJIa no HaKJTOHHOH ITJIOCKOCTH 6e3
TiJeHIUI; .n:BIDKeHl1e TeJIa no HaKJIOHHOH nJIOCKOCTI1 C TPeHMeM.
3AKOHbl COXPAHEHIUl: Heynpyroe COYllapeHlle Ten; JIBH:>KeHHe
' \ CHCTeMbI Ten C HYJIeBblM 3HaqeHHeM HMIJyJIbCa; CTOJIKHOBeHl1e TeJI pa3-
' qHOM MaCCN*; ynpyrMH YJ(ap*; coxpaHeHHe MeXaHHqeCKoit 3Heprl111
B nOJIe ClUJbI TIDKeCTH.
MEXAHMQECKl1E KOJIEEAHI15I: nepHO.u KOJIe6aHHH HHTRHoro
Ma5lTHHKa. i1,
KOMnblOTepHM M3MepHTenbHa51 CHCTeMa MCnOJIb3yeTc5I ,lI)IR M3Me-
peHMit, o6pa6oTKM .naHHbIX If npe.n:CTaBneHM5I pe3ynbTaTOB. BblnOJIHHeMbIe
C ee MCnOJIb30BaHMeM 3KcnepMMeHTbI OTMeqeHbI «*». CeKYIJ,II:OMepoM 2.28
perl1CTpllPyeTC5I TOHbKO O,l(HH HHTepBaJI BpeMeHll 3a O,l(HH 3anYCK MexaHH-
qeCKOH CHCTeMbI, n03TOMy C ero IIOMOll{blO qaCTb nepe1lliCJTeHHbIX BbIIIIe
3KcnepHMeHTOB He MO)KeT 6bITb BbInOJIHeHa.
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Ha60p «MexaHUKa» (puc. 3.1) COCTaBJI5HOT CJIf\ZJ;Y1Oll{ne 3JleMeHTbI:
CKa1\.'1MI JIJUfHOM t.2 M; TeJIe)l(Ka na MarHI1THOM ITOL(BeCKe (2 lIlT.); 3JIeKTpO-
MarHHTHoe np)')KMHHOe CTapTOBoe YCTPOHCTBO; OrpaHMQUTeJIb XOlla TeJIe-
)KeK; TpaHCITopTUp C OTBeCOM; OnT03JICKTpMQeCKlfe .n:aTQI1Kl1 MOMeHTa Bpe-
MelIn (2 lllT.); Heno.D.BIDKHbIR 6JIOK; nOJ(CTaBKa ,ZI,JHI nOJ(BellillBaHI151 rnapOB;
lIIapbl CTaJIbHbTe (3 lllT.): .D.Ba mapa J(l1aMeTpOM 18 MM M OlUfH - .n:lla-
MeTpOM 9 MM; rpY3bI Ha60pHhie MaCCOH ]00 r (2 IIIT.); CTaiIbH351 ruIaCTMHa
,lI,JUI YBeJUIQeHnSI MaCCbI TeJIe)l(Kn; IIJIaCTI1HbI npHMoyrOJIbHOM <j)OPMbI pa3-
MepOM 50 x 40 MM (2 lliT.).
,l])Ul npOBe'ueHIDl OnbITOB J(onOJIHI1TeJIbHO Heo6xollHMbl: KOMnblOTep
11 KOMnblOTepHbIM H3Mepl1TeJIbHbIM 6JIOK (11JI11 3JIeKTpOHHbiM ceK)lH.n:o-
Mep), MeTaJIJIU'-leCKa51 KJIaCCHaH JI:OCKa 11 J1CTOQHllK nI1TaHI1H.
OCHOBHa51 4aCTb npeWIaraeMbIX 3Kcncp11MeHTOB DbInOJIHHeTCH Ha 6a3c
CKaMbl1, no KOTOpOi1 lIBl1)I()'TCSI TCJ1e)KJ(H Ha MarHI1THOM no,UneCKe. Oco-
6eHHocTblO KOHCTPYKllI1U CKaMbM SJDJIHeTC5! B03MO)l(HOCTb ee 3aKpenneHIDI
Ha BepTMKaJIbHOM KJIaCCHOll .n:OCKe C nOMOll{blO MarHI1TOB.
TIp11MeH.SIeMMe B KOMnJIeKTe co CKaMbeM TeJIe}l(KJ1 11 Me lOT 3anpccco-
BaHHbTe B MX OCHOBaHHSI MafHI1Tbl M pOJIllKM, KOTopbre onMpalOTCH Ha 60-
KOBble CTeHKH CKaMbM M npenSITcTBYIOT 60KOBOMY CMerneHHIO TeJIe)l(eK.
TaKaSI KOHCTPYKI.(HSJ n03BOJISleT YMCHblIIllTb TpeHHe npM npOBeIIeHHH 3KC-
nepMMeHTOB no KI1HeMarnKe 11 1II1HaMMKe nocTynaTeJIbHOrO .D.BM)I(eHMSJ,
3 TalOKe o6ecrre n1BaeT YlIo5CTBO B pa60Te, He npe,Q'bHBJUUI 1:lpe3}fepHO
BbICOKllX rpe60BaHHH K TOQHOCTM ropU30HTaJIbHoit YCTaHOBKM CK3MbU.
Ha BepxHeti nOBepXHOCTM reJIC:>KKl1 MMeeTC$I JI:Ba OTBepCTlUI ,UJUI Y CTa HOBKM
«<j)JIa)K](OB» - aJIIOM11Hl1eBbIX l{UJIIIHlIpOB .D:MaMeTPOM 10 MM, BbIcTynalO-
lUMX Hail TeJIe)l(KOM M nepeKpbIBalOIIIMX CTBOp OnT03JIeKTpl1QeCKMX .n:aTUJ-
KOD. CneUHaJIbHhIe Bl1HTbT nCnOJIb3YIOTCSJ ,UJIH 3aKpenJIeHUSI npY)I(I1HbJ
H MeTaJIJIIIQeCKMX yrOJ1KOB (npM pa60Te C 3JIeKTPO}mrHI1THbIM rrp)')Kl1H-
HblM CTapTODblM YCTPOHCTBOM) Ii CTaJIbHotl TIJIaCTHHbI (.n:onOJIHI1TeJIbHOrO
rpY3a). BXOlI$lll{M B KO!\ITIJIeKT CTaJIbHa51 nJIaCTllHa I1MeeT Macc paBHYIO
Macce reJIe)l(KH (0,12 Kf), I1I1CnOJIb3yeTC5! B lleMOHCTPaIU151X 3aBMCHMOCTM
xapaKTepl1CTMK ,UBIDKeHM$I OT MaCCbl TeJIa.
3JIeKTpOMarHMTHoc npY)I(MHHOe cTapToBoe YCrpO:tlCTBO COCTaDJIHIOT:
3JIeKTp01-tafHI1T, nMTaIOlliI1MC$I OT HCTOQHI1Ka nOCTo.SIHHoro TOKa Hanp.Sl-
_ YHr.BEPCAJ1bHbIE KOMnllEKTbl
}J(eHMe1\.'1 9-12 B, 11 nJlaCTI1Ha C llBY 1}1 np)T)KMHaMM. D,aHHoe ycrpoHcTBO
'fOHTMpyeTc5I Ha CrreUl1aJIbHOM OCHOBaHMI1, KOTopoe C nOMOllJ.blO 3arrpcc-
COBaHHblX B HeM MarHMTOB 3aKpennHeTCH Ha K...-.aCCHOHliOCKe. nnaCTI1Ha
C rrpY}J(I1HUMI1 I1CrrOJIb3yeTC5I .lI)HI co06IlleHlISI TeJIe}J(Ke HaqarrbHOH CKOpOC-
Tll H B pHlle onbITOB MO)l(eT 6bITb CH5JTa co CTa})TOBOrO YCTpoi1cTBa. Yrr-
paBJIeHMe 3TI1M YCTpoficTBOM OCYllI.eCTBJISlCTC5J 01' KOMnblOTepHoro H3 fe-
pllTeJIbHorO 6noKa 2.20 HJII1 01' Ll:eMOHCTpaUI10HHOrO ceKYHllOMCpa 2.28.
CTapToBoe ycrpOI1CTBO 06ecne1:I1IBaCr IIOBTop5JeMOCTb JJ.BIDKeHI151 MexaHIl-
'-ICCKOll CMCTeMbI npl1 HeM3MeHHbIX YC.il0BM5IX, '11'0 n03BOn5JeT HaKanJlMBaTb
.D:aHHbIe B HeCKOJIbKllX nOCJIc.rrOBaTCJIbHbIX 3KcnepMMeHT3X.
nOIIcTaBKa 1J)UI rrOJJ.BelllllBaHIffi lllapOB Ilcnonb3yeTcH B OnblTe no ynpy-
rOMY CTOJIKHOBeHMlO rnapOB M 1J)l51 3KCnepMI\.1em3 C MlliITHMKOM. QHa MMe-
eT MarnMTHoe OCHOB3Hlle 11 Tp.l1 CTCp)KIDl JIlli! nOJJ.BelllHBaHIl51 CH1.1-.bHbIX
lllapoB, pacnOJIO)l(eHHble na onpe.D:eJIeHHOJ\'f paccTonHllM .npyr 01' LJ:pyra.
PaccToffHMe \.{e}K):(y CTep:>KIUIMI1 paBHo .nl1aMCTpy 60JTblllOrO rnapa 11 nOJIO-
BMHe CYMMbl IIl1aMeTpOB 60JILIIIOrO M Marroro rnapOB, BXOII}lllIllX B Ha60p.
MMelOIlll1HC51 B KOMnJIeKTe 06oPYlioBaHM5I Herro.nBIDKHbII1 6noK 3a-
KpenJlCH Ha nOllCTaBKe C MarHMTa U1 11 Mo.>KeT 6bITb YCTaHOB.ileH B JII060M
MeCTe KJTaCCHOM .nOCKIl. C 6JIOKOM )l(eCTKO CB5I3aH }1MCK, pa3611TblM Ha 1:Ie-
pe.nYIOIlll1eC}1 np03pa1:IHbIe Jf nenp03pa'1Hbie ceKTopa. PMOM C 6JIOKO 1
Ha llOCKe pa3MeIllaeTCR OrrT03JIeKTpll'-ICCKUM .na'PIMK, KOTOpblM nepeKpbI-
BaeTC5I qepHbE\111 ceKTopaMll .nMCKa M TaKHM 06pa30M perllCTPHPyeT Bpa-
IlleHMe 6JIOKa.
nIDI npOBe.nCHIffi 3KCnepM\.{eHTOB rro CB060JJ.HO}fY rrarreHMIO M 3aKOHY
'coxpaHeHM5I 3HeprMM B rrOJIe ClL-.bl TIDKecrn B Ha60p BKJIlO'1eHbI .nBe nJIac-
,
THHbI np5lJ\'foyroJIbHOI1 cpOPMbI, OTnMQalOIllMeCH TOJII1(.l1HOH If, COOTBeT-
CTBeHHO, MaCCOI1. TaKaS! <}:>opMa Te.n rr03BOIDIeT TO'-IHO H3Mep5lTb rrapaMeT-
pbll1X .D:BIDKeHMff C nOMOIllblO OnT03JICKTpll1:IecKoro IIaT'-II1Ka.
/' JLrIH npenCTaBJIeHM5I TeXHOJIOrl111 pa60TbI C .neJ\'foHcTpaUI10HHbIM Ha60-
, pOM «MexaHM Ka) paCCMOTpMM 3KcnepMMeHT: 113Y'1eHI1C 33.BMCMMOCTI1
\ CKOpOCTH 01' BpeMCHH npM paBHOYCKopeHHOM llBIDKCHMM.
..1>__ UeJIbIO .n;aHHoro 3KcncpHMeHTa 51BJI5IeTC}1 rrOCTpoeHMe rpacpl1Ka 113Me-
. .......-- ......
HeHMff CKOpOCTll C Te'-IeHMeT'\lf Bpe\leHI1.
CepMff JJ.aHHblX .DJI.H nOCT}JOeHM5I Tpe6yeMoro rpacpl1Ka llOJI)I(Ha 6bITb
c06paHa B 5-6 nOCJIellOBaTeJIbHblX 3arrYCKax TeJIe.>KKH. IlepBbII1 onTO-
3JIeKTpl1'1ecKHM JJ.a'PIHK CTaBRT Ha paCCTOffHl111 20-25 CM 01' MeCTa CTapTa
TeJIe)KKH. 3TOT JJ.aT'1I1K I1CrrOJIb3yJOT )Lil51 onpelleJIeHM5I CKOpOCTM TeJIe)l(KM
(v o ) B Ha'IaJIbHbIM MOMeHT BpeMeHI1 (to)' M ero rrOJIO)l(eHl1e B npouecce
3KcnepMMeHTa He M3MeIDIeTCH. BTOpOMllaTQMK CHaqarra pacrro..-.araIOT Ha
paCCTORHl111 20 CM OT nepBoro M OTOjIBl1raIOT 01' Hero B KmKUOM nOCJle.D:YIO-
IlleM nYCKe TeJTe:>KKM.
YHHBepcallbHble KOMnl1eKTbI _
-......
1,25 V, M/c
y=O,51x + 0.89
1,0
0,75
o
0.25
t, c
0.5
PJ1C. 3.2
IlocJIe.uonaTeJIbHOCTh npoBe.uCHI151 .uaHHoro 3KCrrepMMeHTa CJIeD.YlO-
IUas!: 1) 113MepeHI1e npoMelKyrKoB BpeMeHI1, B Te 1 ICHI1e KOTOpbIX TenelKKa
HaxO,IUl.l-.aCb B CTBopax OrrT03JIeKTpJf'-IeCKI1X .uaTUiKOB (to, t 1)' H BblBOli HX
Ha 3KpaH; 2) H3\1epeHHe BpeMeHH .lIBI1:>KCHHn Tene)l(KJ1 OT o.nHoro .naruu<a
JJ.O IIPyroro (1) M BblBOLl: ero Ha 3KpaH; 3) onpe.aeJIeHl1e CKOpOCTI1 -renelKKJ1
B r-..IOMeHT npOXO)K)J,eHTUI IIaTqHKOB (v o , VI); 4) 3anl1Cb Ll:aHHblX (v o ' V l' 1)
lUBI nOCTpOeHIHI rpa HKa; 5) rrOCTPoeHHe Ha 3KpaHe rpa HKa 3aBHCIf\.fOC-
TI1 v = v(t) no 3KcnepIfMeHTaJIbHbUI roQKaM, nOJIyY.eHHbIM B pe3YJIbTaTe
MHorOKpaTHoro nOBTopeHIffi rrYHKTOB 1-4.
rpa<}:>11K JaBHCI1MOCTIf CKOpOCTI1 OT BpeMeHH npe.uCTaBJIeH Ha pIfC}'H-
Ke 3.2.
2) Ha60p «BpoU{omenbHoe OSUJI{eHUe» (4.2.9) rrpe.aHa3HaqeH D.JUI
npOBe.a:eHI15I JJ.CMOHCTpalUIOHHbIX 3KcnepHMeHTOB no BpaIl(aTeJIbHOMY H
KOJIe6aTenbHoMY JJ.BIDKeHI151M. OH rr03BOn5IeT nOCTaBHTh pM 3KcnepH-
MeHTOB, Ha OCHOBe KOTOpbIX BBO.IDlTC5I TaKl1e KJ1IOQeBbIe nOIDlTH5I <Pll.3I1KH,
KaK I1Hepu.HaJIbHbTe CI1CTeMbI OTC'IeTa, CI1Jla, UCHTpOCTpCMIITeJ1bHOe YCKO-
peHl1e H T. n. Ha60p rr03BOllilcT npo.uCMOHCTPl1pOBaTb MOIIeJIH HeKOTopblX
Ba)KHbIX <p113HQeCKHX onblTOB, Hanpl1Mep, onblT llITepHa. ---..
Ha60p «BpamarenbHoe JJ.BJDKeHHe» pa60TaeT C KOMnblOTepHoti M3-=- '-
MepHTenbHOH CI1CTeMoti 2.20 IDlH C neMOHCTJ)aI.I.110HHbIM Ce KYIUlO Me-
pOM 2.28.
D,aHHbIH Ha60p llCn0J1b3yIOT )UTSI npOBe.n:eHI1H CJIe.n:YIOIUHX .neMOHCTpa-
u.nit: B03HHKHOBeHI1e ueHTpoCTpeMllTeJIbHoti CHJIbI; 3aBI1CHMOCTb u.eHTpo-
CTpeMMTeJIbHOH Cl1J1bI OT MaCCbI, CKOpOCTI1 H PMI1Yca BpameHH5I reJIa;
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200 MM; Macca 100 r. Macca Ka)l(lloro rpY3a 50 r.
2) fa6apnTHbJe pa3MepbI npl160pa B c60pc He 60JIee 1500 x 240 x 300 MM;
Macca npn60pa He 60JIee 11 KI:
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x 140 1M; Macca npll60pa C yrraKOBOqHbIM SImI1KO 1 HC 60JIee 11 KI:
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2) MOiliHOCTb 3JIek'Tpo.aBI1TaTeJUI He 60JIee 50 BT.
3) Lbmna30H perYJll1pOBKH qaCTOTbI BpaIII.eHHSI .n:HCKa 01' O.ao 10 o6/c.
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230 MM.
5) r a6apHTHhle pa3MepbI nyJIbTa ynpaBJIeHWI He 60JTee 160 x 130 x
x 80 MM. ra6apHTHbie pa3Mcpbl KOMnJIeKTa (YKJlMOqHOti Kop06KJ1)
He 60JIee 490 x 490 x 180 MM.
6) Macca KOMnJIeKTa He 60JIee 9,5 Kr.
3.6. (4.2.17) Ha60p TIO CTaTI1Ke
C MarHI1THbIMI1 Aep>KaTenRMI1
Ha60p npe,UHa3HaQCH roTSI npOBe.n:eHHSI .ueMOHc-rpaUJIOH-
HblX 3KCnepI1MeHTOB rrpH H3yqeHHH 3JIeMeHTOB CTaTHKM: CJTO)KeHHe lIBYX
CHJI, .ueMcTBYJOlI.{HX no O.aHOM np$lMo:tt; CJIOJKeHl1e .aBYX CHJl, HanpaBJIeH-
HbIX no,U yrJIOM .n:pyr K ):{pyry; CJIOXeHl1e napaJIJIeJILHbIX CRJT; paBHOBeCHe
ClUJ Ha pbIqare 11 6JIOKax; npaBlUJO MOMeHTOB; YCJIOBIDl paBHOBeCHSI TBep-
.n:oro TeJIa, nMelOwero OCb BpalI.{eHH.Sl, H .ap.
Ha60p COCTOHT 113 MeTaJIJIHqeCKoti naHeJTH H CJIe.aYIOlI.{HX npHH8,n:Jle)K-
HOCTeH: .ITHHaMOMeTp TPy6"11aTbIH C .aep:>KaTeJIeM MarHHTHbIM (3 IlIT.); .uep-
:>KaTeJIb MarHHTHbIM (2 IIIT.); 6JlOK (2 IlIT.); Ha60p H3 llilTH rpY30B (2 llIT.);
rrJIaCTRHa HenpaBHJ1bHOfi cPOP}\.fbI C oTBepcTlulMH (I11IT.); CTep)KeHb C neT-
{lSIMI1 (2 IlIT.); yrOJTbHI1K .lUISI H3MepeHHSI rrJIeqa CHJIbl (1 lIlT.); rrpy;KHHa
C HHTKOM (2 IlIT.); KOJIbUO C pa3pe30M (2 lilT.); KplO"lIOK rrpOBOJIOqHbIH
(5 IIIT.); BCTaBKa.l(JUI lIepJKaTeJISI MarHI1THOrO (2 IIIT.); HI1Th (1 lilT.).
'; Ha pH YHKe 3.10 nOKa3aHbi naHeJIb, JIeTaJIl1 Ha60pa 11 yKJIalIKa,lIJISI HX
-
pij3Mem:eHI1SI .
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TeMaTI1'4eCKHe Ha60pbl m:I
--
llaHeJIb BbInOJIHeHa M3 JIMCTa CTaJIl1 H YCTaHOBJICHa B nepeBSIHHYIO pa-
MY. llpH npOBe.n:CHI1H 3KCnepliMCHTOB ee MO)KHO nOllBeCI1Tb K KJIaCCHOH
.aOCKe HJIH YCTaHOBHTb Ha .n:eMOHCTpallI10HHOM CTOJIe C nOMOIIlbIO YHllBep-
CaJIbHOrO llITaTI1Ba 2.16.
!l.ep)l(aTeJIb MarHHTHbIH y.aep)KHBaeTCSI Ha nOBepXHOCTli naHeJIH C rro-
MOIUblO nOCTOSIHHoro MafHHTa KpyrJIOn tj>OpMbL ,l(ep)KaTeJIb MafHHTHbln
co BCTaBKoti HCnOJIb3yeTCSI LUISI YCTaHOBKH Ha Hero 6JIOKa HJIH nJIaCTllHbI,
a TaK)I(e .l(lliI KperrJTeHIUI rrp}')KMHbI.
nJIaCTlfHa HenpaBl1JIbHOM cPOPMbI HMeeT no KpaflM HeCKOJIbKO ornepc-
THH If OJIHO OTBepCTHe B l{eJITpe TIDKeCTH. Ha Hapy)KHOM UHJIMH)Ipe TPy6-
qaToro J],HHaMOMeTpa HMeeTCSI KOppeKTOp, KOTOpblH 06eCneQllBaeT YCTa-
HOBKY BHyrpeHHero l(HJIllH.II:pa B HaqaJIbHOe nOJIO)l(eHHe.
TeXHH'leCKHe xapalITepHCTHKH Ha60pa
1) Pa3Mep pa6oQero nOlUI naHeJIli He MeHee 800 X 55 MM.
2) MarHHTHbIM .n:ep)l(aTeJIb, YCTaHOBJIeHHbIH Ha naHeJIH, BbIJ{ep>KHBaCT
YCMJIHe Ha ClIBI1T He l'\lfeHee 6 H.
3) npelleJI M3MepeHI1R .aHHaMOMeTpa 4 H; ueHa .aeneHll$l lliKaJIbI 0,5 H.
4) Macca KIDIQ::(oro rpY3a 113 Ha60pa 50 + 2 (r); Macca TIJIaCTHHbI 50 + 5 (r),
06lI.{aSI Macca Ha60pa He MeHee 5,5 Kr.
)LrIR npOBe.n:eHIDI .ueMoHCTpaI.{Mll.D:OnOJIHHTeJIbHO Heo6xo.aHI\o1 MeTP lIe-
MOHcTpaUHoHHblM 2.29.
llpH60pbI II npHHa.1JJIe)KHOCTH Ha60pa xpaHSITCSI OT.n:eJIbHO OT rraHeJIli.
npM HaJIll"lIlili B Ka6HHeTe <})1l311Kl1 KJIaCCHOH ,UOCKM Ha CTaJIbHOH (MarHHT-
HOM) OCHOBC Ha60p npllo6peTaeTcSI 6e3 MeTaJlJIl1.QeCKOM rraHCJII1.
3.7.
(4.2.11) l{oMTIneHT 06oPYAoBaH1.1R
TIO a3pOAI1HaM1.1l<e 1 (H)
.:;..---
-.::::------.
KOMnJIeKT npe.llHa3HaQeH .ILIDI npOBe.aeHHSI JIe MO HCTpa-
[(MH no a3pO,lJ;HHaMHKe: H3MepeHHe rrOlI'heMHOH CMJIbI KpbIJIa H ee 3aBM-
CliMOCTb OT yrJIa aTaKH; O[(eHKa pa3HOCTH llaBJIeHI1M nOll H HM KpbUlO l;
H3MepeHHC CHJIbI JT060BOro conpOTHBJIeHIHI; BJIHRHHe CKOpOCTI1 nOTOKa
Ha CllJIy JI060BOro conpOTHBJIeHMSI; 3aBI1CI1MOCTh CHJIbI JI060BOro conpo-
THBJIeHHSI OT <})opMbi HaXOllSIIU;erOC$I B nOTOKe TeJIa.
JJ:aHHbIM KOMIDIeKT (PMC. 3.11) COCTaBJISIIOT: yJIllBCpCaJIbHble a3p o .a H -
HaMMQeCKMe BeCbl; MOI(eJTb Kpbma; rneCTb Ten J(JISI HCCJle.aOBaHIDI Cl1JIbl JIO-
60Boro conpOTHBJIeHMfl C OlIliHaKOBbIM llMaMeTpOM 25 + 2 (MM), HO pa3HoH
1 OnHcaHlfe coc raBJICHO COBMeCTHO C B. M. narrbMIfXJfHbIM.
_ TEMAn1 ECK&ilE HAEiOPbl
.pOPMbI: HI1CK, npSlMaSJ H 06paTHa5I nOJIYC<}>epbI, np5IMa5l 11 06paTHa51 «Kan-
JIH» H UI1JIHHllp 3aKpynIeHHbIU; llH<PcPepCHUHaJIbHblH HaKJIOHHblif MaHO-
MeTp; HaCMKa Ha Tpy6y B03.lI.YXOnYBKI1.
L{JuI npOBeJXeHHSJ lleMOHCTpaUHH .n:OITOJIHHTeJIbHO He06xo,TJ:H'\.fa B03.ny-
XODYBKa 2.11.
YHllBCpCaJTJ>HbTe a3pOllHHaMHQeCKHe neCbI HCnOJIb3yroT J1JISJ H3MepeHHSJ
ClUIhI JIo60Boro conpOTHlmeHI15l KpbIjJa H nOH1>eMHOH CMJIbI, HO B pa3HbIX
3KcrrepHMeHTax.
IlpllHunrr .n:eifcTBHR YHHBepCaJIbHbIX BeCOB 3aI0IJOQaeTCR B CJIeHYIO-
Ille 1. CllJIa TSJ)J{eCTIf, lleifcTBYIOIlla5I Ha KpbIJIO, ypaBHonellIHBaeTcR BeCOM
rpY3a-npOTMBoneca, a MOMeHT n01I.'beMHOM CHJIbI KO\.fITeHcHpyeTC.SI MO-
\1eHTOM CMJII>I yrrpyrOCTH npY)KHHbL
TeXHWIeCKHe xapaKTepucTHKH a3poJXHoaMwiecKHX ReCOR
1) IlpenCJIhI 1I3MepeHMSJ yrJIa aTaKI1: HlDKHl1M npel1.cJI (-30 + 2)°,
BepXHI1M npc.n:eJI (30 + 2)°.
2) npene.iIbI 113MepeHM$l CIIJIbI OT -0,15 H llO 0,40 H; ueHa .n:eJI HMR IIIKa-
JIbI 0,05 H; llonycKaCMa5I norpelUHOCTb + 0,02 H.
3) Macca rpY3a-npoTl1BoBeca 0,10 + 0,02 (Kr).
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PM-C. 3.12
TeMan1'4eCKHe Ha60pbl mJ
----oIIIIIIIIII
)1JUI lIC 10HCTpaUI1H pa3HOCTH ,aaBJIeHMSI no,a M H KPUJIO:M I1CnOJlb3Y-
eTCSI .1IJI<))<))CPCHUl1aJIbHbIM )l(MllKOCTHbIM MaHOMeTp C yrJIOM HaKJIOHa 10c.
)]\JTSI 06eCrrC'-ICHIHI BHllMMOCTH MaHOMeTp paCnOJIaraeTCfI Ha Ka.rIpOBOM OK-
He Ko.n:OCKona 2.1(4), a ero H306pa)KeHHe npoeUMpyeTcSI Ha 3KpaH (pHC.
3.12).
Ilpl1 H3MepeHHM CMJIbI JI060BOro conpOTHB..TleHJ1S1 Ha MeCTO KpblJIa yc-
TaHaBJlI1BaeTCSI OllllO M3 rneCTH TeJI, BXOllSIII1MX B KOMIIJICKT. nO.LL6op TeJI
06ycJ"lOBJIeH TCM, '-ITO CRJIa JI060BOro corrpOTllBJICHI151 lll1CKa npH a3po-
,aHHa fH(leCKMX M3 epCHUSTX 061>1(IHO npI1HHMaeTC5I 3a e,LJ.HHHQy. Tor.n:a CH-
JIa JI060BOro COnpOTl1BJIeHIDI 06paTHoH nOJIyccl>epbI COCTaBJISTeT 1,4; np51-
MOM - 0,4; npSIMoM «KaillIH» 0,2; o6paTHoM - MeHbllle 0,1.
3.8. ( 4.2.11) l{oMnneKT o6oPY1J.OBaHl1R
norMAPoAMHaMMKe(H)
KO"fnJIeKT npelIHa3Ha'lCH .ruUI I1JIJlIOCTpal.(HH npocTei1-
IlIMX SIBJIeHllMll 3aKoHoMepHocTcM Jla 1I1HapHbIX nOTOKOB, MOlleJIHpOBa-
Hll$! 06TCKaHM5I .>KI1,[lKOCTblO TBepllbIX TeJI pa3JIJ1LfHOH <})OPMbI.
3TOT KOMllJIeKT HCnOJIb3yeTC5I )])ISI npone.n:eHUSI CJIe.n:yrolUI1X neMOHCT-
pauHM: pacnpen;eJIeHMe ,aaBJIeHUSI B TPy6c nepCMCHHoro CeQeHH5I; JIal'\lfM-
Hap Hoe TetreHue :>KM}lKOCTll II B03HI1KHOBeHHe Typ6YJ"leHTHOCrn npM yne-
JIll\ICHI111 CKOpOCTI1 TeqeHH5I; KapTHHa 06TeKaHMSI }J(U.IIKOCTblO TBCpnbIX
TeJ"l pa3JIHQHOH cl>OpMbI; npMIIl.(Mn .n:efiCTBU$l UCHTp06c)KHoro Hacoca.
B COCTaB KO fIIJTeKTa (pRC. 3.13, a) BX01I5IT: KlOBeTa, no pa3MepaI\.{ co-
rJTaCOnaHHaSI C KO}lOCKOnO 1; Tpy6Ka nepe 1eHHoro CeQeHMSI (Tpy6Ka Ecp-
,
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PMC. 3.13
&II TEMAUI4ECKJ.1E HA60Pbl
HYJIJIII); Ha60p TeJI DJUI 06TeKaHlISI }I(}IllKOCThIO (Ul1JIliH)lP, MOlleJIb KpbJJIa
TeJIO B <})OpMe KanJIH napaJllIeJIenMneJI); HaCOC UeHTpo6e)I(HbIH C np03-
paqHofi KpbIIliKOfi; llIJIaHr CneUl1aJIbHbli1; pe3epByap DJUI BO,UbI.
IlPli rrpOBelleHHH HeKOTOpbIX ,n:eMOHCTPaUHH Heo6xOlIJIM Kon.OCKon
2.1(4). npM HJIJIIOCTpalI.llll ypaBHeHHSI EepHYJIJIH (plIC. 3.13, 6) C031IaeTC5I
3aMKHyId5I CHCTeMa BOlIoTOKa C MCnOJIb30BaHl1eM Hacoca H pe3epByapa.
TexHWlecKHe xapaKTepUCTHKH KOMDJIeKTa
1) IJ;eHTpo6e}KHbIR Hacoc: 06'beMHa5I non.aqa DOllbI He MeHee 5 JI/MIIH,
Hanop BOlIhI He MeHee 1 M; ra6apl1THble pa3MepbI Kopnyca: JIJIlIHa 80 +
+ 10 (MM), AHaMeTp 80 + 10 (MM).
2) Tpy6Ka nepeMeHHoro CeqeHMSI)J)ISI lleMOHC1paUlIM ypaBHeHI15I EepHYJI-
JIM: BHyrpeHHnfi ,UHaMeTP: IlIHpOKHX qaCTeM TPy6KM 25 + 2 (MM), Y3KOH
qaCTH TPy6KH 12 + 1 (MM), KanHJIJUlpHoi1 TPy6KH 2 + 0 5 (MM); lUIM-
Ha TVy6Kli 500 + 50 (MM).
3) fa6apliTHbIe pa3Mepbl KlOBeTbI: )J)IMHa 550 + 10 (MM), llIMpHHa 300 +
+ 10 (MM). YroJI HaKJIOHa pa60Qen nJIOCKOCTI1 (5 + 2)°. Pa3Mepbl pa6o-
qefi nJIOCKOCTH KlOBeTbI: ,!IJIlIHa 380 + 10 (MM), IlIllpMHa 300 + 10 (MM).
4) 06'beM BO,UbI, 3aJIlIBaeMOH B pe3epByap, 0,008 M 3 .
3.9. (4.2.12) KOMnneKT no npeo6pa30BaH111O
}J.B11>KeH11R, C11n 11 MOMeHTOB (H)
KOMllJIeKT npe.n:Ha3HaqeH JJ:]Iff npoBeAeHIDI JIeMOHCTpa-
'U.llOHHbIX 3KcnepHMeHTOB no MexaHHKe npll M3yqeHHH TaKHX TC}f, KaK KM-
HeMaTHKa,CTaTI1Ka KOne6aHHSI,pa6oTa,MoIllHocTb,3Hepr .
\ C nOMOl.l.lblO 3Toro KOMnJleKTa npOBO):{SITC5I CJIe.uyIOWMe lleMOHCTpa-
l(MJf: npeo6pa30BaHlIe M OTHOCHTeJIbHOCTb TPaeKTOpMi1; IiJIJIIOCTpaUH5I Teo-
peM CJIO)KeHH5.I CKopocTe:if, nepeMemeHllH M YCKopeHHi1; reOMeTpHqeCKa5I
MOllenb rapMOHll'lIecKHX KOJIe6aHI1M; COOTHOllIeHHe Me.>KJ(y MOMeHTaMI1
\ CllJI H paru1ycaMH 3y6 IaTbIx KOJIeC (nepHolIaMH, yrJIOBbIMH CKOpOCT5IMH);
.:.:. npeo6pa30BaHl1e CJ{JI; nOCTpoeHHe KliHeMaTWleCKI1X lll1arpaMM; .n:eMOHCT-
paUIISI BbIH)')K1leHHblX Kone6aHHH; n.eMOHCTpaUU5J CBo60,n:HbIX KOJIe6aHHM;
I1CCJIeJIOBaHMe pe30HaHca; HCCJIeAOBaHl1e 3aBllCMMOCTli neplIOJIa KOJIe6a-
HHM np}')K}lHHoro Ma5ITHI1Ka OT MaCCbI rpy3a 11 xeCTKOCTll np}')KJ1HbI.
KOMTIJIeKT n03BOIDIeT npo.n;eMOHCTplipOBaTb II 06'.bSICHIITb npHHlf.I1II
,Uei1cTBHSI TaKMX MexaHll3MOB, KaK pe1IYKTOp, KpliBOIllHIIHO-nOJT3}'HHbIM,
CliHYCHbIn, llIapHlipHO- JeTDIpeX3BeHHbIH MexaH1l3M Qe6bIIlleBa, llBOMHOfi
pbfllar.
Ea30BblM 3JIeMeHTOM KOMllJIeKTa (pHC. 3.14, a) SIBJI5IeTC5.I paMa, KOTO-
pa5I YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH Ha BepXH1010 KPOMKY KJIaCCHOllllocKlililIMeeT na3bI
TeMaTM'IeCKMe Ha60pbl _
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B CpellHellII HH)l(Hei1: IIJIaHKax. Pa3MemeHHe ncex 3JIeMeHTOB Ha paJ...fe npo-
H3BO.nI1TC5I C MCnOJlb30BaHHeM CneUJfaJIhHO nOll06paHHbIx Kpene)I(HbIX .n:e-
TaJIei1:, nXO,lIJlmHX B COCTaB KOMIIJICKTa. K 6a30BbIM 3JIeMeHTaM TaIOKe OT-
HOCSITOI 3y6QaTOe KOJIeCO II mecTepeHKa C pyqKOM. OHH HCIIOJIb3YIOTCSI no
Bcex lleMOHCTpaUHSIX, KpoMe .n:nonHoro pb{{Iara.
nOMI1MO 6a30Bblx 3JIeMeHTOB B KOMI1JIeKT BXOJUlT: nOJI3YH C Kymi-
COM H rrOJI3YH co C'beMHbIMH rpY3aMH; IIIaT}'HbI; KOpOMbICJIO co cneu.H-
aJIbHblM Y3JTOM ,lJJI5I KpeIIJIeHI15I I\.{ena. ;::J:BOMHOH pblqar C06l1paeTCff 113
3BeHheB.
.L1JIfl npOBelIeHIl5I HeKOTopbIX lleMOHCTpaUHM Heo6xo.n:HMO D,OnOJIHII-
TeJIbHOe 060PYllonaHlIe: np}I)KMHbl113 Ha60pa 1.17 (1); rpY3bI ITO MexaHH-
Ke 1.15.
CocTaB KOMITJIeKTa n03BOJUICT OnTIIMaJIbHO COqeTaTb ,nel'vfOHCTpau.HIO
<j)H311QeCKMX npIlHl.{MITOB TeXHMKH, Mo.n:eJIHpOBaHl1e Jf npliMeHeHJIe II3y-
qaeMOrO MaTeplIaJIa. HaIIplIMep .n:eMoHCTpal!HSI BblHY)I(,[(eHHbIx KOJIe6a-
HIIM H pe30HaHca (pliC. 3.14, 6) n03BOJISleT CMO,l{eJIupOB3Tb IIIHpOKO HC-
nOJIb3yeMyJO B YQe6HHKax reOMeTpwrecKYIO MO.l(eJIb KOJIe6aHuit -
TeXHlf'leCKHe xapaKTepHcTHKIf KOMnJIeKTa
1) ra6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI paMbI: .u.rrHHa 670 MM, BbiCOTa 400 MM.
2) Macca KOMI1JIeKTa 8 K.f.
3) D:MaMeTp ,neJIJITeJIbHoi1: OKp}')KHOCTH: rneCTepHul00 MM, 3y6QaTOrO KO-
JIeca 150 MM.
4) nepeMemeHHe KYJIHCbI CIIHycHoro MexaHH3Ma OT cpe.n:Hero rrOJIOJKe-
HH5I 25 MM.
5) .lLnHHbI 3BeHbeB MexaHH3Ma qe6bIlliena: KpHBOIlllill 55 MM, lllaTYH
250 MM KOpOMblCJIO 510 MM.
_ T M n E K E H. OP
3.10. (4.2.35) Tene>KI<11 ner1<OnOABI1>KHble
c np11HaAne>KHOCTRMI1 (napa)
TeJIe)K}(J1 IT03BOJIRIOT npOMJIJIIOCTpHpOBaTb Ha KaqeCTBeH-
HOM YPOBHe 3aKOHOMepHOCTM B3aHMo.n.enCTBHSJ Tell, rrpeo6pa30BaHIDI
3HepnUI, OTHOCI1TeJTbHOCTb MeXaHIfQeCKOrO J{BIDKeHUR, CMOlIeJIl1pOBaTb
nOBe,n:eHue pa30MKHYTbIX M 3aMKHyrblX CIICTeM TeJI.
TeJIe)KKfl HcnOllb3yroT JI,.fIR npOBe.n:eHH51 CJIe.lI.YIO MX .n:eMOHCl'paUMH:
'fo.n:eJIllpoBaHMe .n:BMXYIl.lHXCSI I1HepUl1aJIbHbIX H HeHHep lIarrbHblX CHCTeM
OTCqeTa; He3aBI1CllMOCTb YCKOpeHMSI Tella OTHOCHTeJIbHO HeHHepUliaJIL-
HbLX CMCTeM OTcqeTa OT MaCCbI TeJIa; B3aMMo.n.eRCTBlffi: .n:BYX Heno.n:BM)KHbIX
TeJIe)KeK, TeJIe)KI(H M nperurTcTBMSI, .n:BIUKyI.IJ:ei1cH H Heno,n:BIDKHon TeJIe-
)l(CK; SIBJIeHlle OT.n:a'lll; .n:BM)KeHMe ueHTpa lacc: npll CKaThIBaHJfI1l.(fulllHJ{-
pa no HaKJIOHHOH nJIOCKOCTH (CHcreMa ne SIBJUleTCR 3aMKHyroii), npH KO-
JIe6aHHHX cPlI3HQeCKHX Ma51THllKOB (CI1CTCMa SlBJUIeTCR 3aMKHyroi1); rrpe-
06pa30BaHHe KHHeTI1':lecKoil 3HeprHlI B nOTeHUHaJIbJIylO.
Ea30BbIMI13JTeMeHTaMM Ha60pa HBJISIIOTC5I JJ:ne TeJIe)J(K1f (pllC. 3.15, a) -
aKTI1BHa5I C yrrpyrllM Y3JlOM II naCCHBHaSI C OTBCpCTMSIMll JI,.fISI KpenJIeHIDI
npllHaLUIe)I(HOCTei1:. 011Ha M3 KOJIeCHbLX nap naCCllBHOH TeJIe}K](H llMeeT
npOT01ll..)' lUIR HlITeil. YnpynIiI y3eJI aKTUBHOH TeJIe)l(}(ll COCTOllT H3 6ycpe-
pa, llBYX npy:»rnH, MOHOpeJIOCa, llITH<pTa. K 6ycpepy npHBapeH TOllKaTeJIb.
B COCTaB Ha60pa (pHC. 3.15,6), KpOMe TeJ1e)KeK, TalOKe BXOJIHT: YCTPoi1:-
CTBO .ITJUI .n:eMOHCTPaUHI1 npeo6pa30naHH51 nOTeHUHaJIbHoi1: 3HeprHH B KJ1-
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HeTH'lecJ<yIO, COCTORIIIee 113 CTep)KHSI C raHKO:H, nepeKJIaJ],I1HbI C 6JIOKaMM
H rpY3a C OTBepCTMSIMI1 Ha cnMue; rpY3 Ha CTepJKHe; HaKJIOHHaSi ruIOC-
KOCTb; CneUHaJIbHbI:H BorHyrbIH npocpl1J1b; )lBa rpY3a; ma6JIOH Ha H11TI1.
TeXHJI1IeCKlfe xapaKTepUCTHKH Ha60pa
1) fa6apl1THble pa3MepbI aKTHBHOH reJIe}f(](lf: L(JI11Ha 420 MM, 111l1pllHa
180 MM, BblCOTa fIJIaTij>opMbI 30 MM; Macca TeJIe)KKM 1,5 Kf.
2) fa6apl1THble pa3MepbI naCCMBHOH Tene}J(KH: M11Ha 310 MM, lllMpMHa
180 MM, BblCOTa llJIaTij>OpMbI 30 MM, Macca Te.rre)l(l(M 1,2 Kf.
3) Macca rpY30B 0,611 0,3 Kf.
,[(JuI npHMepa Ha pMCYHKe 3.16 npMBeJIeHa <PoTorpaij>IDl JIeMOHCTpaUMM
nepeMerueHluI TeJIe)KKH B CTOpOH:y, npOT11BOrrOJIO)KHyro .lI.BIDKeHMIO YCTa-
HOBJIeHHOrO Ha re.rreXKe KOJIe6JIIOIII.erOCSI rpY3a.
3.11. (4.2.15) TIpecc r14.D.paBRI1QeCIUti1
TIpH60p npe.lI.Ha3Ha1JeH L(JISI .lI.eMOHCTpaIJ:HH pa60TbI nw;-
paBJIWIeCKOro npecca M npOBe.n:eHI1SI OnbITOB, TPe6YIOIUl1x 3HaQHTeJII>HOfi
CMJIbI npH n:e€popMaI.{MSIX paCTIDKeHIUI H C:>KaTIDI. -- - _
3TOT npn60p HCnOJIh3yeTCR L(JISI npOBe.lI.eHHSI CJIe.nyroruMx .n:eMOHCTpa-
UHi1: YCTpOticTBO 11 .n:eticTBHe nw:paBJIWIecKoro npecca; llJIaBJIeHHe JII>)J.a
no.lI. .lI.aBJIeHl1eM; H3rH6 11 pa3pbIB MeTaJIJIl1QeCKHX CTepJKHei1; lliTaMnOBa-
H11e rIJIaCTHHOK.
B KOMllJIeKT npH60pa (pHC. 3.17) BXO.lI.srr: npecc B c6ope; pl>Iqar; KJIIOq
raeqHbIti; QeTblpe npMcnoco6JIeHI1SI (.lIJUI H3r116a, pa3pbIBa, IllTaMnOBaHIDI
11 nJIaBJIeHIDI JIb,n:a); QeTbIpe pa3pe3HbIe maH61>I; 20 o6pa3uoB MaTepHaJIOB
11 20 llJmCTHHOK)J.JISI lliTaMnOBaHIDI.
npecc COCTOMT H3 OCHOBaHMSI, Ha KOTOpOM YCTaHOBJIeHbI: UIDIHIUlP
60JII>llioro llHaMeTpa C noplliHeM; pyqHO:H Hacoc C UIDIHHJJ.POM H noplll-
_ TEMAn1 ECKHE HA60Pbl
HeM MaJIOrO JUfaMeTpa; MaHO-
MeTp, COeJIHHeHHbIH: C UHJIHH,I(-
paMH 06lI.(HM KaHaJIOM.
B HIDKHeR qaCTIi npM60pa
MMeeTCR 6aK lI)UI MaCJIa. Hll:>KHl-di
(BcaCbIBalOIIU1M) KaHaJI Hacoca
coe,QHHeH C 6aKOM. TIPM JIBIDKe-
HHI1 nopIIIHSI Hacoca BBepx MaCJIO
H3 6aKa nOJIHHMaeTCSI BBepx Ii 3a-
nOJIWleT HHJKHIOIO qaCTb UM-
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nopIlIHSI BHH3 KJ1anaH Hacoca 3a-
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nopIlIHeM YBeJlMqMBaeTCR H OH MeJI,JIeHHO nOJIHMMaeTCSI BBepx.
)].JUI 06'bRCHeHMSI npHHllllna .n:eMCTBIDI npecca ueJIeCOo6pa3HO McnOJIb-
30BaTb MOJIeJIb MaIIIHHbl rllJXpaBJIMQecKot13.18.
Ha.n: noplllHeM B BepxHeM qaCTM 60JIbIlIOrO l{HJII1H,I(pa Ha )lBYX KOJIOH-
K8X YKpellJIeHa BepXHSIR HenOD:nM:>KH35I llJIMTa. Ha KOJIOHKaX HaHeceHbI
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nopIlIHSI. I1cnbiTyeMble TeJIa pa3MemalOTCSI Me}KJ(y BepXHe:H llJIHTOH: H nJII1-
TOM nopIIIHSI.
I
TeXHWlecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH npu60pa
I) I1pe.neJI pa6oQero JIaBJIeHIDI npecca 15,2 Mna.
2) MaKCHMaJIbHOe paccToRHMe Me)l():{Y llJIHTOM noplllIDI If BepXHen TTJII1-
I ro:H 120 MM.
----
3) .l1HaMeTP 60JIblllOrO nOplllH5I 58 MM, MaJIOrO (Hacoca) 10 MM. XO.lI.
"
./ 60JIbIlIOrO noplllIDI 60 MM, MaJIOrO 20 MM.
4) fa6apHTHble pa3MepbI npn60pa He 60JIee 460 x 385 x 160 MM; Macca
He 60JIee 22 Kf.
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3.13 4.2.4 KaMepToHbI Ha pe30HHpYIOIIIHX }lIIlUKax C MOJIO- 233
TOIIKO f
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3.20 TC.VIYPI1H / 239
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I) Pblqar ;L'lHHOH I 00 C 1
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CKOH cpOPMbI H np}')KMHHbIM .n:I1HaMOMeTP.
BHYTPeHHHe pa3MepbI Be.aepKa COOTBeTCTByroT HaPY)KHbIM pa3MepaM
TeJIa. I1pH6op 113rOTOBnCH TaK, 4T06bI TellO cno6o,[{Ho H nOJIHOCTbJO BXO-
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l{JUI npOBe.lIeHHR ,I:{eMOHCTpal.(I1H Be,n.epKO 3a
.ny)I(J(y no.n:BelliMBalOT K .lIHHaMoMeTp)', a K ero
neTJ1e 3a KpJOqOK no.aBemMBalOT TeJIO. nJIOT-
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BO.nbI.
)J;l1HaMoMeTP COCTOHT 113 CKo6bI, npY)l(J1Hh1
11 CTep)l(lUI C KPlOqKOM LL7Ul nO,I:{BeIllMBaHHSI Be-
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npy)KlfHbI HarreT Ha KpJOqOK CK06bI, a Ha ee
HH)f(Hl1H KOHel.( no.uBerneH CTep)KeHb. CTep-
)KeHb npo.n:eT Qepe3 OTBepCTlfSI B cKo6e, KOTQ-
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TeXHu eCKHe xapmcrepllcTHKH npu60pa
1) BblcoTa Be.uepKa 100 MM; .n:HaMeTp 45 MM.
2) fa6apHTHbIe pa3Mepbl npH60pa He 60JIee 70 X 330 X 45 MM.
3) Macca He 60JIee 0,52 KI:
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py.noBaHHe: llITaTHB YHHBepClliTbHbItf 2.16, CTaKaH OTJlMBHOH 3.30 CTa-
KaH BMeCTHMOCTblO 60JIbIlIe, qeM 06'beM Be.rrepKa, 11 He60J1bIlIOM J1HCT 6y-
MaUl 1])1$1 .n:HHaMoMeTpa.
3.13.
(4.2.4) KaMepToHbI Ha pe30H11pylOIl\11X Rll\l1KaX
C MOnOTO'l1<OM
KaMeproHbl npellHa3HaqeHbI .lJ)UI .rreMOHCTpaUHI1 3BYKO-
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3BYKa; 3BYKOBOll pe30HaHC; I1HTep4>epeHl.(JUl 3BYKOBblX BOJIH 11 .np.
B KOMITJIeKT (pMC. 3.19) BXO.lI5IT .lIBa
o.n:HHaKOBbIX KaMepTOHa Ha pe30HI1-
pYJOIUMX 5IIl.{HKaX H pe3HHoBbIM MOJIO-
TOqeK. Ka)l(.lJ:bI:H KaMepTOH 113rOTOBJIeH
M3 CTaJIH M I1MeeT CTporo OITpe.rreJ1eHHYIO
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440 fu.
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J.(JUl YCTIlHOBKM KaMepl'OHOB, a BHM3Y -
cyKOHHbie lfJIl1 pe311HOBbie HO)Kl(l1 .ll1Ul
3BYKOH30JUIl.(HH.
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MaMI1 np.sIMoyrOJIbHOM cpOPMhl. Ka)K):(aSI TeJIe:>KKa COCTOHT H3 MeT£UIlTJfIIC-
CKOfO KapKaCa nepcBHHHOM ITJIaTcpop\'fU 11 TOJ1KaTC;I.H.
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KpyrJIbIe yrJIy6J1eHI1SI B HeM npC,IlHa3HaJ:leHbl )J)UI pa3MemeHJfSI rpY30B. Pe-
3HHOBble KOJIbua, H8,lIeTbIe Ha KOJIeCa, I1CK.i1l0QaIOT B03r...fO:>KHOCTb npo-
CKaJIb3bIBllifl1.sI no nOBepXHOCTI1 .ueMonCTpaI.l110HHOrO CTOJ1a.
TeXHIf'leCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH TeJle1KeK
1) Pa3Mcpbl fioBepXHocTefi KapKaca M llJIaT4>opMbI OLU1HaKOBbi 11 paBHbI
200 x 70 MM; .n:l1aMeTp KIDK,lJ,oro yrJIy6JIeHJfSI Ha IUIaTfj)opMe 40 "1M.
)],MaMeTp KOJIee TeJIe:>KeK 50 MM.
2) ra6apl1THbIe pa3MepbJ KCDK.IJ.O:H TeJIC)l(KlI He 60JIee 210 x 110 x 60 MM.
3) 06ma.sI Maeca KOMnJIeKTa TeJIe}J(eK He 60nee 0,4 KT:
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unOHHoro Tpl160MeTpa 3.29.
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Op116op npc.nHa3HaQeH J1.iUI r...fOlleJInpOBaHHSI KOJIe6aTeJIb-
HbIX M BOJIHOBblX lIBI1)KeHMii Ha filIOCKOCTH C nOMOll.{blO Ha60pa IIo,[{nIDK-
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Y.yrYHHOH no.rrCTaBKM; MeTfulJUPIeCKI1X CTepJKHell: (cnMu) C IIJIaCTMaCCOBbI-
MH IlIapHKaMM; KpyrJIOro 3IDKMMa C pyqKOM; CTep:>KHH C rnapHl1pHbIM Mexa-
HH3MOM 11 MeTaJIJUly.eCKOfO .lIHCKa C PYKO}ITKO:H.
Ha JII1l.(eBOH naHeJIH npH60pa Ha paBHblX paCCTORHMRX nOlIBerneHbI 13
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.rrOJ1bHbIX BOJIH.
D:pyraR CHCTeMa Hl1TeW C MeTaJIJII1y.eCKMM llHCKOM npclIHa3HaQCHa
.lI)UI.lI:eMoHCTpaUl1M MO.lIeJIJf nOnepey.HbIx BOJIH. )].JISI 3Toro HI1Tl1 rrpJfBR3a-
HbI K lllapUKaM. HI1TH ofH6alOT KPIOQKI1, pacnOJIO)KeHHbIe B MeCTax no-
OT,AeJ1bHble npJ160pbl _
.rrBeCOB CTep)KHCil, Ii npoxo.uSIT tlepe3 JJ:pyrMe OTBepCTIfSl, pacnOJIO)KCHHble
no OKPY)KHOCTH B .upyron: qaCfH naHeJIH. C 06paTHOH CTOpOHhI naHeJ111
HJfTH npl1KpermeHbI K MeTaJlJIHQeCKOMY .L{MC CTepJKeHb C mapHJlpOM
npe.rrBapl1TeJIbHO BBJlHQI1BalOT B MeHiJUIWleCKoe fHe3.uo (railk)'), npli-
KpenJIeHHOe C 06paTHO:H CTOpOHbl naHCJIH B IJ;eHTpe OKpYXHOCTH C OT-
BepCTJ1.SIMI1. D,I1CK HaCIDKHBalOT Ha llIapHMp 11 HaBI1HQHBalOT pyY<OHTKY.
llpH napaJIJ1eJIbHOM nOJIO)KeHJfM .uHCKa R naHeJIM Bce llIapllKlf pacnOJIO:>KC-
HbI B OARH psm Ha ypoBHe GeJIoM rOpI130HTaJIbHO:H JIMHHH Ha JIHlJ,eBOH CTO-
pOHe naHeJIJI. D:BIDKeHMcM PYKOSlTKlf no OKPY:JKHOCTI1 MJIR BBepx II BHM3
MO)KHO nOKa3aTb r...fOJIeJIb pacnpOCTpaHeHIHI nOnepeqHhIX BOJIH (CM. pHC.
3.21, a).
QT06bI B.bJ,.QeJII1Tb J(BIDKeHHe llIapllKOB OT BTopOCTcneHHbIX .lI.enmeil
npJf60pa, rnapMKH OKpaIIICHbI B 6eJIbIM [(BeT.
Ha HJf){(HeM KOHu:e KIDKlIoro CTep)KHSI HaCIDKeHa He60JIbllIa51 My<!na
113 KYcoq}(a CyY<Ha B MeTaJIJIuQecKoM 060H:Me. 3a C IeT TpCHI1JI OHa MO)KeT
no.rr.rrepxaTb mapMK Ha RI060n BblCOTe.
TexHWlecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH npu60pa
1) Pa3MepbI naHeJIM 600 x 260 MM.
2) faGapIfTHbIe pa3Mepbl npH60pa He GOJIee 605 x 230 x 350 MM.
3) Macca npJl60pa He 60JIee 4,7 Kf.
3.16.
(4.2.14) TIp1160p
«MaRTHl11< Ma1<CBeillla»
I1pH6op npe.uHa3HaQeH JI,JI5I npOBe.L{eHIDI .rreMOHCTpaIJ;U-
OHHblX 3KcnepUMeHTOB no MexaHHKe.
3TOT npl160p I1CnOJIh3YeTCSI npl1 Jf3)Rle-
HUH TaKllX SlBJICHH:H 11 34><l>eKTOB, KaK:
HHepI.l,Iffi; 3a-ryxalOIUl1e MeXaHllQeCKMe KO-
JIe6aHI1S1; npeo6pa30BaHI1e OLXHoro .. Blf.[{a
MeXaHI1QeCKOll 3HeprRH B .ltpyrOM._
«MMTHRK MaKCBeJ1JIa» (Pl1c. 3.22) npe.u-
CTaBJUleT C060R ,I:{HCK .lI.l1aMerpOM 100 MM
11 TOJIIlllffiO:H 7 MM, 3aKpeITJIeHHbrn Ha OCR
J(RaMeTpOM 10 MM H lUIMHOW 130 MM. Ma-
HTHI1K nO)J,BenlfmaCTCSJ K crep:>KH1O .ILJllffiOM
350 MM H lluaMeTpOM 10 MM, B KOTOpOM
HMeroTCH BmIThI JI)ISI <l>HKcau;HH HIITen no-
,nBeca.
.lImI npOBeJIeHHSI 3KcnepHMeHTOB He06-
XO.L{HM I.lITaTRB YHHBepCaJIbHbIH 2.16(26).
""
I I:
PM.c. 3.22
_ OT EJ1bHblE nPH60PbI
(4.2.39) ManH1Ha eHTpo6e)t{HaR
C eHTpM«pyroM
MallII1Ha u:eHTp06e:>K-
HaH rrpe)Ula3HaqeHa ,D)Ul .aeMOHCTpa-
IJ:110HHbIX 3KCnepl1MeHTOB no pa3HbI.f\.'1
pa3,UeJIaM Kypca «pH3HKJ1. qallJ,e Bcero
ee HCn0J1b3YIOT npIf 113YQeHJUI Bpa-
llJ.aTeJ1bHOrO If KOJIe6aTeJILHOrO ,nBI1-
XeHI1M.
BHyrpl1 3aKpbITOfO MeTaJIJInQeCKO-
ro Kopnyca MallIJlHLI pa3MeIl{eHa 1:lep-
B.HQHO-llleCTepeH"lIaTa5I nepe.n:aQa c co-
OTHOlIleHl1CM 1:16, T. e. npl1 O.D;Hor...f
o6opoTe PYKOHTKll llInl1H;:J;eJIb r...fallIl1-
HbI COBCprnaeT 16 060POTOB.
,lI,JuJ: npOBe.n:eHI1H J(eMoHcTpaUHM
MallIlIHY 3aKpenJISnOT Ha KpalO CTOJIa
npJl rrOMOIlIII cTpy6U:I1HbI. Ha llInl1H-
[(eJIb HaIIeBalOT pa3JII1QHbIe nplicno-
C06JIeHIUI. Ha pl1CYHKe 3.23 npell-
CTaBJIeHa MallIl1Ha u;eHTpo6e)KHaR C
Mo,neJILIO ueHTpJf<pyru.
(4.2.15) MOAenb MalllMH bI rMApaBnl1QeCKOM (H)
IIpJlHIUIrr )leMCTBI1SI
MallII1HbI fl1l1:paBJII1QeCKOM (pIfC. 3.24)
I ..
TaKOR :>Ke, KaK If y rllJ(paBJIWIeCKOro
npecca 3.11.
Mo.n:eJIb MallIl1HbI rllJ(paBJIJI"lIe-
\ CKOM OTJ1IfQaeTC5I OT npecca 60JIee
1 Hoti _ peaJIl13aIJ:l1eM Tpe60BaHIDI
BJfLrnMOCTH K .aeMOHCTpaUIIOHHbIM
npIf6opat.-c IlllJ1J1H.II:pbI H Tpy6onpoBo-
.!I.bI BbIIJOJIHeHbI 1I3 np03pa"lIHoro
nJIaCTIlKa.
I1pl16op JfCIIOJIb3yeTCR,llJIR .n:eMOH-
cTPau;ul1 npIfHUJlna .rr.eHcTBIIH fJf,lJ;paB-
JIIfqeCKOrO rrpecca If rH.1I.paBJII11leCKOrO
nO,II'beMHI1Ka. B nOCJIe.rr.HeM cJIyIlae
CHI1MaeTCH BepXHRR llJIaT«popMa.
3.17.
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3.18.
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PM-C. 3.24
Or,AenbHble npM60pbl _
TeXUU'leCKHe XapaKTepUC'I1UOI MalUHHhI
1) Pa3MepbI OCHonaHllil: .ll,Jll1Ha 250 + 5 (MM), llIupIfHa 180 + 5 ( f 1).
2) BHyrPCHHI1M .D.lfaMeTp: 60JIbllIOrO UMJIMHlIpa 100 + 2 ( fM), MaJIOrO
UMJIMHlIpa 20 + 2 (MM).
3) MaKCI1MaJILHOe pa60Qee YCMJIUe He MeHee 100 H. MaKCHMaJ1bHOe .llaB-
JIeHHC B rUL(pOClfCTeMe 4- 0 ,5 aTM.
4) ra6apIITHble pa3MepbI Mon:eJIll: lJ,JII1Ha pbI'lara B ropIf30HTaJIbHO no-
JIO)KeHHIl He 60JIee 350 l\H\.{.
3.19. MO)J.enb nnaHeTHOM C'J.1CTeMbI
IIpl160p npe.[{Ha3Ha'-.leH .LUUI MOlIeJIUpOnaHIHI llBI1:>KeHIDI
H pacnOJ10}f(eHI1SJ rr.ilaHeT COJIHC'-.lHOM CI1CTCMbl, a TaTOKC cpaBHeHHfT
I1X pa3MepOB.
C nOMOIUblO MOlIeJUI MO)I(HO Ha6JIIOlI,aTh nOpHJIOK paCnOJIO:>KeHllH IUIa-
HeT OTHOCllTenbHO COJIHUa; OnpelIeJIHTb nplfMepHLIe paCCTOHHJUI' I1JlaHeT
OT COJIHIJ:a; paCC'lI1TaTb CHIJ:eplf'leCKUe II CI1HOlIWleCKHe nepl10.II.bI IIJIaHeT;
cpaBHIITb pa3MepbI nJIaHeT .npyrt n:pyrOM, a rdlOKe CpaBHlfTh KOH$l1rypa-
Ulflf llJIaHeT, rronY'leHHbIe Ha MOlIe.iIl1, c lIaHHbIMI1 lIIKOJIhHOrO acrpOHOMI1-
1.IeCKoro KaJIeHB.apR.
MOL(CJIb (pl1c. 3.25) COCTOUT If3 TIJIaCTMaccoBoro Kopnyca; 3JleK1pOllBH-
raTeJHI; MexaHU3Ma npl1Bo.n;a 11 BOChMM nJIaCT\13CCOBbIX lllapoB pa3Horo
pa3Mcpa Ha MeTaJIJIl1'-.leCKUX UITaHrax II CTOMKax.
3JTeKT}JOfl.BlfraTeJIb II MexaHM3M rrplfBOlla lIIeCTl1 llJIaHeT (MCPKYPMi%,
BeHepa, 3eMJIR, Mapc, IOnl1Tep, CaTYpH) pa3MemeHbI BHYTPIl Kopnyca
npu6opa.
Ha BepxHcll 11 60Konoll nOBepXHOCTHX KPbIlIIKI1 Kopnyca HaHcceHbI
Me lIIKaJIbI: BpeMeHHaH C YKa3aHI1eM MCC}Iu:eB rO,Qa (UCHa .aeJIeHllH 5 llHei%)
II reJIMou:eHTpII'leCKJ1X .n;OJlrOT (ueHa lICJIeHI1.ff 5°).
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_ OTAEJ1bHbIE IlP 60Pbl
Mo.ueJIblO COJIHua CJIy)KMT He6oJlbllIOM KOJInaqOK, Ha.ueTbIM Ha BbIC1)'-
naIOII ni1: H3 Kopnyca KOHen ueHTPful"bHOif oeM MeXaHH31\.ra npMBOJ.I.a.
Ha Ba."1Y 3J1eKTpOl(IlI1TaTeJIH 3aKpCITJIeHO 3y6qaTOe KO;Ieco, HaXO)J5l-
ll.J,eec.SI B 3auenJIeHIUI C .apyrl1.M 3y6qaTbIM KOJIeCOM, )J(CCTKO CB.SI3aHHbl\f
CO cTyneHQaTbIM lllKliBOM. )1HH)J(CHl1e OT IlIKI1Ba Qepe3 peMenHbTe nepe-
.naQH nepe.uaeTCH ne.aOMbIM IlIKHBa f Mo.aeJIeM llJIaHeT (mapOH). Ka)l(-
llblM lllap o6pamaeTCH BOKpyr UCHTpaJIbHOrr OCM (MOlIeJIH COJIHlla) c pa3-
HOll qaCTOTOiI BpameHlliI.
Mo.neJIR YpaHa 11 HenTYHa yc-raHOBJleHbI Ha OTlJ:eJIbHbIX nOllCTaBKax
co CTOMxaMM. OHI1 He CBH3aHbl c MexaHR3MOM rrpHBOlla.
lllapM HMelOT pa3HYlO OKpacKY: OHa nplfMepHO cooTBeTcTByeT UBeTaM
rrJIaHeT, Ha6J1I011aeMbIM B TeJIeCKon.
OJIHO n:eJIeHlIe Ha lllTaHraX, HeCYIlllfX MO.neJIR lOnlfTepa 11 Ca1)'pHa,
COOTBeTcTByeT OlIHOM aC'rpoHO flfqeCKOM enMHRue.
TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepHCTUKH MOHeJIH
1) HanpH)KeHlfe nlfTaHIffi 220 B.
2) fa6apMTHbIe pa3Mepbl MOlienH 6e3 pbIQarOB He 60JIee 245 X 235 X
X 300 MM.
3) Macca Mon:eJIlf 6e3 ynaKoBKR He 60JIee 3,2 Kr.
3.20. TennYPMM
T e.ilJIYPI1M npeilHa3HalleH JUTST Mo.aeJ1lfpOBamuf n:Blf)KeHllil
COJIHua, 3el\'IJII1 11 JIYHbI.
\ C rrOMOIl{blO .llaHHOM Mo.rr.eJIlf l\.fO)KHO IIJIJIIOCTplfpoBaTb CMeHY BpeMeH
ro.zra; BeceHHee 11 oceHHee paBHo.aeHCTBI1H; <})a3bI J1YHbI; OTHOCHTeJ1bHOCTb
lI.BlDKeHlf.SI .
\ IIPlI60p (pIiC. 3.26) COCTOlfT lf3 10.lleJIell COJIHua (opaH)J(eBbIM lllap),
3.er-.1JIM (rJlo6yca) 11 JIYHLI. Bce He6eCHLle TeJIa HaQI1HalOT n:BlfraTbC51 rrpM
BparneHJIJI nplfBoliHOM PYK0.SITKI1.
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PKC. 3.26
OrAellbHble npM60pbl om
""""III
CI1CTeMa nepeJI.a 1 (peMeHHhIX 11 rneCTepeHqaTbIX) TeJTJI)'pllil YCTpOeHa
TaK, '11'0 npn BpameHIU1 PYKORTKH BOKpyr MaCCUBHOM nO.n;CTaBKH npOTI1B
qaCOBOM CTpeflKH rno6yc Ta e BpaIUaeTCR npOTllB qaCOBOM CTpenKll,
a OCb rJIo6yca coxpaHHeT HeH3MeHHoe HanpaBJ1CHl1e B npOCTpaHCTBC.
Mo,neJIb J]YHbI Bpall1.aeTCH o.n;HOBpeMeHHO C 1I.BIDKeHl1eM Mo.neJIM 3el\UU1
T 10KC npOTI1B qaCOBOM CTpeJIKIi.
npl1 HaCTpoiiKe npH60pa YCTaHaBJ1HBaIOT npo(j)l1JIbHYJO lllTaHry B Ta-
Koe rrOJIO)J(CHl1e, IIPM KOTOpOM OCb rJIo6yca 6y.n:eT HaKJIOHeHa D CTOPOHY
OpaH)I(eBOrO lllapa (BHYTPI1 llIapa JIaMIIa HaKaJIl1BaHllil BKJIIOtIaeTCR Bbl-
KJIlOqaTeneM), a .LI.I1CK nOBOpa'lUBaIOT TaK, q1'06bl TOQKa C HaLI.III1CbJO <<JIeT-
Hee COJIHUeCTOSIHl1e) conTIarra C KpacHoM BI13JIpHOM JII1Hl1ei1 yK.a3aTeJISI.
npO.QOJDKeHHe 3TOM JIHHI1I1 AOJDKHO YKa3bIBaTb Ha T04KY «JIeTO)} Ha rrOll-
CTaBKe rno6yca.
3.21. (4.2.20) Ha60pbI Ten paBHoi1 MaCChI
Ha60pbI npe,UHa3HaQeHLI JL1UI cpaBHCHI1H 06'beMOB TeJI
OlU1HaKOBOM MaCCbI, H3rOTOBJIeHHhIX 113 pa3HbIX MaTeplIaJIOB, 11 onpe.neJIe-
HIHJ IIX nJIOTHOCTell.
Ha6op, rrpe.lICTaDJIeHHhlH Ha plICyHKe 3.27, 0, COCTOI1T 113 IISITl1 Tell UI1-
nI1HJIPI1 IeCKOll <POpMhl OD.UHaKODoro JIl1aMeTpa II pa3HOM BhICOTbl, 113rO-
TOBJIeHHbIX 113 6POH3bI, CTaJIM, aJIIOMI1HI1R, TIJIaCTMaCCbI 11 .rr.cpeB3. Ka)K-
.D:bIll UI1JII1H.LJ.P cBepxy I1MeeT He6oJIbIllOii KpJOQOK.
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6
fDJ OTAEJ1bHbIE np&160Pbl
TeXHWlecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH Ha60pa
1) Macca KIDK,lI.OfO TeJIa 48 r; 1ll.1aMeTp 30 MM.
2) BblcoTa TeJI (6e3 KPIOQKOB): 6poH30Boro - 7 n1, cnVlbHoro - 8 MM,
aJIlOMI1Hl1eBOrO - 25 MM, IIJIaCTMaCCOBoro - 57 MM l1.n:epeBRHHoro -
100 MM.
3) fa6apl1THble pa3MepbI Ha60pa B yrraKoBKe He 60JIee 120 x 90 x 35 M 1,
Macca He 60JIee 0,25 Kf.
Ha60p Ten 6e3 KPIOQKOB (pRC. 3.27, 6) COCTOlfT 113 Tell, 113fOTOBJIeHHbIX
113 aJIIOMHHJUI, JIa-ryHI1, TeKCTOJIlfTa (36oHlfTa). TeJIa TalOKe HMeIOT .LI.lfa-
MC1]J 30 MM; mcca KIDKlloro TCJIa 150 r.
3.22. Ha60p 6nOKOB
Ha60p npc.n:Ha3HaQeH
JL]IR .lIeMOHCTpaIU1lf .n:CitCTBI1R npocTbIX
McxaHH3MOB.
Ha60p (Pl1c. 3.28) COCTOHT lf3 o.UH-
HapHoro 6JIOKa B o6oMMe; nonncnac-
TOB 113 .LI.BYX R Tpex 6JlOKOB Ha o.n;Hon
OClI; nOJIMCrraCTa 113 TpCX 6ll0KOB pa3-
HOro .n:Mal\.{eTpa Ha pa3HbIX OCSIX.
EJIOKH IIJIaCTMaCCOBbIC, I1X .LI.l1a-
, MeTp 55 MM.
\ C01:IcTaHlfe 6JIOKOB II nOJIHCnaCTOB
rr03BOJIReT npoBo.n;I1Tb CJIe.nyrOIl..{l1e .n:e-
MOHcTPaUl10HHble 3KcrrcpUMeHTbI: 113Y-
QeHl1e CBOMCTB HerrO.II.BJDKHOrO uno)],-
-- -
BIDKHoro 6J10KOB; 113yqeHI1c CBOMCTB
CHCTeMbI R3 rrO;:J;BI1)1llioro 11 HenOllBIDK-
HOro 6JIOKOB; OnpelICJIeHMe Kll,l], rro.II.-
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B )f{I1AKOCTM
IIpu60p rrpeD.Ha3HaQeH .lI)UI H3yqeHI1SI .n:CMCTBI1H )KJ1.lI.KOC-
TH Ha norpY)l(CHHOe B Hee Teno.
,naHHbIM rrpH60p nCnOJIb3yeTcH lUlU! rrpoBe.n:eHluI CJ1en.yroIlll1x n:eMoHcT-
palIuM: 3aBI1CI1MOCTb .n:aBJIeHMSI )lGfJ(KOCTI1 OT fny6uHbI norpy:>KeHIDJ; 3aBI1-
OTAeJlbHble npM60pbl _
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P\1C. 3.29
6
ClfMOCTb D:aBJIeHJUl )f(H.D.KOCTM OT ec nJIOTHOCrn; He3aBI1CMMOCTb .n:aBJIeHllSI
Ha ;n:aHHOM fJIy6I1He OT OpMeHTaUllM n.aTqMKa .aaBJIeHIHI.
npl160p (Pl1c. 3.29, a) COCTaBJUIIOT: n;aNMK .n:aB.lIeHI1SI, 3aKpenJIeRHbIil
Ha OCHOBaHMH; .uBa MenUUIMIICCKTIX CTep}J(HSI 11 3JIaCTH4Ha5I TPy6Ka C co-
e;n:I1HlITeJIbHbIM naTpy6KoM.
)JaT'\-.lUK )1aBJIeHIUI rrpe;n:CTaBJISIeT C060M I1JIaCTJfKOBbIll IJ.lUIHH,I:(P C roQ:>-
pHponaHHoM 6oKoBon nOBepXHOCTblO. C OCHOBaHl1eM n,a'ft-lI1Ka lllapHHpHO
COeD:HHeHbl MeTaJIJIWleCKlle CTep:>KHH, KOTopble HCI10JIb3YlOT .lJ)ISI norpy-
)KeRIHl D:aTqllKa Ha 3a,n,aHHyIO rJIy6MHY, a TaK'A<e .rum M3MeHeHIDI ero Opl1eH-
TaljJ111 BHyrpH :>KH;n:KOCTM. B OCHOBaHHI1 .uaT411Ka llMeeTCSI CKB03Hoe OT-
BepCTMC, B KOTopoe BCTaBneH naTpy6oK. Ha Hero HaCa)KCH onUH KOHeu
3naCTII'lHOll TPy6Kll. Ha ,npyroM KOHU;C Tpy6KJ1 3aKpeIIJIeH .n:pyroli n!lTPY-
60K, C rrOMOlI.{blO KOToporo .na'ft-lMK nOllI<JII04aCTCSI K MayoMeTPY (pI1C. ,
3.29, 6).
TCXHWleCKlle xapaKTepHCTHKH npu60pa
1) r a6apHTHbIe pa3 fcpbI lIaTt:lJfKa C OCHOBaHJfeM He 60nee 40 x 40 x
X 40 MM.
2) MaKCMMaJIbHaSI r.ny6MHa norpyxeHIDI 30 CM.
3) ,llrIHHa 3JlaCTMQHOM Tpy6KJf 0,7 M.
.
4) BHyrpcHHUillIl1aMeTp naTpy6Ka 4 MM.
,I:LrrSl npOBelIeHIUI .n:CMOHC1pauMtI Heo6xoD.JfM )f(MllKOCTHbIH ACMOHCTpa-
Ul10HHbIM MaHOMeTp 2.25.
rm OTlJ,EJlbHbIE np I)OPbl
3.24. (4.2.28) ITpM60p AJlR )J.eMoHCTpal.\MM
aTMoccpepHoro )J.aBneHMR
TIpl160p npe.aHa3HaQeH JUTS! ,n:er\o'IOHCTpaUI1I1 CYlllCCTBOBa-
HMSI aTMoc.pepHoro .ilaBJTeHIUI.
C nOMOlliblO rrpM60pa rrpOBO.D:SIT n:eMOHCTpaUHIO: ClfJla aTMoccpepHoro
.aaBJICHMSI. TIp1l60p (pIiC. 3.30) COCTOMT M3 JJ:nyx nO.ITyrnapMM c npO'-lHbn\o'11f
pyqKaMM M nO.llCTaBKIf )J)l5l ero xpaHeHlfSI. O.r{HO ll3 nOJIYlllapHll cHa6}KeHO
KpaHoM C HMnneJleM.
KaHaJI HllIUleJISI coen..lIHeH 4epe3 KpaH ,C BHyTPeHHei1 rrOJIOCTblO nony-
lllapH$!. ECJIU COe.II.lfHlfTb nOJIylIIapliSI Me}K,rry C060R 11 OTKaqaTb 113 HllX
B03.QYX, TO OHI1 rrpM)KlfMaIOTCSJ JIPyr K .apm TaK KaK BHyrpH rrOJIYlllapH:IT
n:aBJleHHe B03.n.yxa HM)Ke aTMoc<t:>epHoro.
ilepe.ll Hat.18.JTOM OnbITa OTKpbIBaIOT KpaH rrOJTylllapH5I C HlfnneJIeM If
C nOMOIl{blO pe3HHOBoro lllJIaHra coellllHSIIOT HUrrrreJIb npll60pa CO BcaCbI-
BalOlllHM HlfnneJleM naKYYMHoro Hacoca. nOCJle 3Toro npIDKHMaIOT no.rry-
rnapl15lJJ:pyr K .Qpyry H OTKaqllBaIOT 113 HllX B0311YX. nplf .aOCTlDKeHIIM pa3-
pe)KeHIUI B03.II.yxa BHYTpH rrpl160pa AO naBJIeHI1SI nopSIllKa 0,05 MTIa 3a-
KpblBalOT KpaH If OTCoe.II.MHSIIOT IlIJIaHf OT HMnneJ15I nplf6opa. 3aTeM
3aKpenJISIIOT PYKOSITKY o,n:Horo nOJ1yrnapMSI K IlITaTMBY a Ha .II.PyrylO PYKO-
S!TKY rrOLI:BeUUIBaIOT rlfpl1.
TeXHH'IeCKHe xapaKTepHcTHKlI npH60pa
1) fipM pa3pe)l(eHHH B03.Qyxa BHyrpM npM60pa .II.O llaBJlCHMSI nopf.UI Ka
0,05 Mila K HeMY n:OJI:>KHa 6bITb npl1JIO)l(eHa ClUIa He MeHee 98 H JIJI5I
\ pa3pbIBa ero nOJIyrnapuH n:Pyr OT .II.pyra .
2) ra6aplITHbIe pa3MepbI: np1l6opa He 60JIee 165 x 115 x 205 MM, nOJJ:-
CTaBKM 135 X 135 x 95 MM.
3) Ma:cca: npM60pa He 60nee 0,65 Kr; nO.llCTaBKI1 He 60JIee 0,11 KI:
,/
L{.rI51 npoBe.Q HIDIlleMOHCTPaUlfii Heo6xo.QI1MO JJ:onOJIHllTeJIbHOe o6opy-
.QOBaHl1e: IlITaTIiB YHIIBepCaJIbHbm 2.16 (2a), Ha60p rnpb 2.14, Hacoc BaKY-
\. YMHbIH 2.7 lIJIl1 Ha60p BaKYYMHO- KOMnpeccopHbIX np1I6opoB 2.9.
.- .........
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p}tc. 3.30 "
OTAel1bHbie npM60pbl fill
""""'I11III
3.25. TIplt1.60p WU1 .DteMOHCTpa:Q11lt1. MHepTHOCT11 Ten
TIpl160p (pl1c. 3.31) COCTaBJISIIOT: TIJIOCKOe OCHOBaHlie
c .LI.BYMSI cTOMKaMI1; Tpy6Ka II ruIOCKa5I rrpY)KI1Ha, YKpeTIJIeHHbJe Ha OCHOBa-
HIUI rrpH6opa; npsrMoyrOJIbHaSI llJIaCTlfHKa 11 ruapRK. IIIapl1K IIMeeT He-
60JIbrnyJO rOpI130HTaJ1bH)'JO I1JlOIUan.
(4.2.30) TIpM3Ma Ha1{nOIDUO aRCR C OTBeCOM
IIplI3Ma rrpe.n;Ha3HaQeHa )])UI ,neMOHCTpaUI1II YCJIOBIDI
YCTOll:qIIBOCTJI TeJIa, I1MelOI.QerO IUIOrua;J:b onopbI, n n03BOJUleT npORJIJIJO-
CTpHpOBaTb 3aBJlCRMOCTb YCTOnQH-
BOCTH TeJI OT rrJIOma,n:H onopbI 11 no-
JIO:>KeHl1sr ueH'rpa TIDKeCTH.
IIpH3Ma (pHC. 3.32) COCTOHT 113
Tpex npsrMoyrOJIbHbIX llJIaCTIfH - If
qeTbIpex peeK, H3fOTOMeHHbIX H3
craJUI. Kpa51 ITJIaCTI1H C .n:BYX npo-
TliBOrrOJIO){(HbIX CTOpOH COfHyrbI
no.n: npsrMbIM yrJ10M B Bl1.II.e 60PTI1-
KOB. Ha KOHuax 60prnKOB, a TaJOKe
Ha KOHUax JI B Cepe.lUIHe KroK.IIOH
peRKH npOCBepJ1eHbI OTBepCTIDI
OJUIHaKOBoro pa3Mepa. Qepe3 3TH
OTBepCTllH TIJIaCTllHbI coe.n:HHeHbI C
peMKaMH c nOMOlUblO 3aKJIenOK
TaK, QTo6bI peiiKM MOfJ1H nOBopa-
.
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PMC. 3.31
3.26.
"
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rm OT.o. EJ1 .iH blE np&.160Pbl
IIpH no.urOTOBKe K .neMOHCTpa-
lllIH Topeu CTO:llKH, BbITIOJ1HeHHOM
B BMJI:e Tpy6KH, 3aKpbIBalOT nJIac-
THHKOR, a Ha Hee YCTaHaBJIHBalOT
rnapuK. CHa1.1Ma IDIacTHHKY MeJ(-
neHHO, 6e3 pbIBKOB nepeMernalOT;
BMeCTe C Heii rrepeMeruaeTC5.I. H lIIa-
pHK. IIocJIe npHBe)leHlliI 3JIeMeH-
TOB npl160pa B Ucxo.QHoe COCT05.lHI1e
TOpel1. rrJIaCTHHbI rro,QBO,IDlT K Bep-
THKaJIbHO CToSlIIleM IIJIOCKOll: rrpy-
)I(llHe. .LI;aJIee, npl1,lJ,ep)l(J1BaH PYKOM
np1160p Ha CTOJIe, OTBO.1l5lT nJIOcKYID
npy)KMHY OT llJIaCTHHKH 11 pe3KO
OTnYCKaIOT: nJIacTHHKa BbIJIeTaeT, a
mapl1K na,n:aeT B JIYHKY CTOMKI1.
QIIBaTbCJl BOKpyr 3aKJIerrOK C He6oJlbllII1M TPeHHeM. COe.lU1HeHI1e O.LI.HOH
peihrn: C 60pTHKOr\o'{ cpen:Hen nJIaCTI1HbI BblnOJIHeHO C rrOMOIIlblO BHHTa
11 rafiKH C pl14>J1eHOn pyqKofi. TaKaS! KOHCTpYKLU1S! n03BOJUleT HaKJIOIDITb
pefuai OTHOCI1TeJIbHO llJIaCTllH nOll pa3HbIMH yrJIaMI1 11 cPl1KCUpOBaTb no-
JIO)KeHl1e npl13MbI. B cepe.LI.UHe cpe.n;HeM TIJIaCTI1HbI, B ueHTpe TIDKeCTI1
rrpl13MbI, YKpellJIeH OTBec.
np11 no.rr.rOTOBKe npl13MbI K n.eMoHCTpaIJ;1111 CJIe.ayeT 3aT$lHyrb ee BllHT
C raHKon TaK, IJTo6bI nocne JII06oro HaKJIOHa peeK rrpH3Ma COXpaHSUTa
npl1.lI.aHJIyIO eM cPOPMY. 3aTeM MeWIeHHO HaKJIOIDIIOT peHKI1 11 nOKa3bIBa-
lOT, QTO rrpH3Ma coxpaIDIeT YCTOnQI1BOCTb, nOKa OTBec HaXOHHTC$I B npen.e-
JIax TIJIOIIla)];11 onopbI (HIDKHen nJIaCTllHbI).
TexHWlecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH npH3MLI
1) Pa3MepbI IlJIaCTI1H 6e3 60PTHKOB 150 x 95 MM; IlIl1pUHa 60prMKOB
10 MM.
2) Pa3MepbI peeK 12 x 280 MM; TOJIIl{I1Ha ITJIaCTI1H 11 peeK 1 MM.
3) fa6apTfTHble pa3MepbI rrpJf3MbI B HOpMMbHOM rrOJIO)KeHIII1 (6e3 HaKJIO-
Ha) He 60JIee 150 x 100 X 280 MM; Macca He 60JIee 0,25 Kr.
3.27. (4.2.31) Pbl'iar* }J.eMoHcTpan.11oHHbIe
n pH60pbI npe.n:Ha3HaqeHbl J(IDI .zreMOHCTpaUI1I1 YCJIOBI1$1
paBHOBeCIDI pbJ1:Jara H UCnOJIb3yJOTC$I B CJIe.aylOllU1X .n:eMOHCTpaUHHX: YCT-
pOMCTBO 11 rrpUHl.(UII .LI.eMCTBI1S! pbIIJa)KHbIX BeCOB; paBHOBecue CillI Ha PbI-
I qare; MOMeHT U nJIeqo CMJIbI; paBeHCTBO pa60T CI1JI, IIpUJIO)KeHHbIX K PbI-
\ qa 11 .n;p.
OCHOBHblMH 1IaCTSIMH npl160pOB $IBJI$lIOTC5I n:epeBSIHHa$l JIIiHellKa,
.Ha TOpu:ax KOTOpOH 3aKpeIlJIeHbl BI1HTbI c ypaBHI1TeJIbHbIMH raMKaMI1; OCb
'c raMKOM 11 QeTbIpe KpIOqKa.
,/ )lrr$l npOBen.eHIDI .n;eMoHcTpauuii Heo6xoJJ;HMO CJIen:yJOIl..{ee .LI.OnOJIHI1-
TeJIbHOe 06oPY.LI.OBaHHe: llITaTI1B YHI1BepCaJIbHbIM 2.16, Ha60p rpy30B 1.15,
) romaMOMeTP 2.23.
I -. 1) Pb''IOZ anuHou 100 CM (pl1c. 3.33, a). IIIKaJIa JIHHeMKH C HYJIeM
nocepe.n:IfHe pa31leJIeHa Ha paBHbIe yqaCTKlf C 18 OTMeTKaMI1, HaHeceHHbI-
MH Qepe3 KaJK,L{ble 5 CM, 11 OUl1cPpoBaHa qepe3 O.n:HO .n:eJIeHHe Me}l():{y OTMeT-
KaMI1. Ha.n: OTMeTKaMU l1MelOTCSI oTBepcTIDI .lI)ISJ rrOJ1BeIlII1BaHII$I KplO1:lKOB.
KpIOqKH MO)KHO BCTaBJUITb He TOJIbKO B OTBepCTJUl JIMHenKlf, HO 11 Ha,n,e-
BaTb Ha BepXHIOIO rpaHb JII1HenKH B JII060M MeCTe.
B ueHTpe JII1HeHKH HMeeTC5I OTBepCTHe 60JIbllIerO .LI.l1aMeTPa )UUI OCII
pbJ1:Jara. TOJIWI1Ha JIUHeMKH 11 D:l1aMeTp ee ueHl'paJIbHoro OTBepCTH5I CO-
rJIaCOBaHbI C <POpMOM 11 pa3MepaMH OCI1 TaK, qT06bI IIPH 3aTHHYTOM rai1:Ke
JII1He:MKa MOrJIa CBo6olIHO nOBOpaQHBaTbC5I.
OrAenbHble npM60pbl _
a
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-
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P1rtc. 3.33
,
fa6apnTHble pa3MepbI JIHHellKl1 1000 X 10 X 50 MM, [(eHa .n:eneHIUI ee
IlIKaJIbI 5 CM. Macca pbIqara He 60JIee 0,3 Kr.
2) PblYOZ iJnuHoii 80 eM (pl1c. 3.33, 6). Ha O.D:HOHIlIMPOKOfi rroBepx-
HOCTI1 JUIHellKl1 HaHeceHa OI..{M4>poBaHHaSI IllKaJIa C HYJIeM nocepe.nI1He
U 14 OTMeTKaMJI. HM OTMeTKaMM lIIKaJIbI Ha JII1HeMKe rrpOCBepJIeHbI OT-
BepCTJUI MSI ycraHoBKH KPlOqKOB, a B ueH'rpe JII1HeMKH OTBepcrne,lI,JUl OCM
pbIIJara.
fa6apUTHbIe pa3MepbI JII1HeMKI1 800 x lOx 30 MM, ueHa ,QeJIeHIDI ee
llIKMbI 5 CM. Macca pbIY.ara He 60nee 0,6 KT.
/"
--
"........ -:----
3.28. (4.2.32) COCY bI c006l.lta1OJ.qlt1.eCR
TIpl160p npe)1Ha3HaQeH.nIDI .zreMOHC1]Jal(HI1 o,lUfHaKOBoro
ypOBIDI O,nHOPO.D.HOH :>K1i.II:KOCTU B c006m31OIl{HXCR Me)J{lJy C060H cocy.n:ax
pa3HoH 4>OPMbI II MCrrOJIb3yeTcH B CJIe,nYIDIllI1X .aeMOHCTpaI..lH5IX: 3aKOH co-
o6m:aIOIUl1xcSI COCy.aOB, 3anOJIHeHHbIX O,nHOpO,llHOM >KIf,I(KOCTblO; He113-
MeHHOCTb ypOBHSI :>IGf,[(KOCTH rrpl1 HaKJIOHe C006Il{aIOlllHXCSJ cocy.aOB (o.n-
Horo 11:3 HI1X HJlli Bcex).
Ha pHCYHKe 3.34, G, 6 npe,nCTaBJIeHbI ,nBe Mo.UI1 MKaUlu1 npM6opa.
TIpl1:6op, npe.ncTaBJIeHHblii Ha pnCYHKe 3.34, G, COCTOJIT 113 BepTHKaJIb-
HOM DaHeRJI 6eJIoro I..{BeTa; IIJIaCTMaCCOBOH nO,QCTaBKH C MeTaJUIl1QeCKOM
Pm OTAEJlbHblE np 60Pbl
CTOllKOU:; n-I6KOrO na'rpy6Ka C OTKpbITOH CTeKJHIHHOM Tpy6KOM UJ1JIIIHJ(P"-
qeCKOU: <l>OpMbI MarIoro ,UHaMeTpa; Tpex OTKpbITbIX CTelOlSIHHbIX Tpy60K
p33HOH <l>OpMbI 11 J1.HaMeTpa (Tpy6Ka UlUlH pWIeCKOll <POp:r-.'lbI 60J1blllOrO
11l1aMeTJ)a, Tpy6Ka c .nBYM yrOJ1ll1.eHI1HMH H Tpy6Ka 3Hr3aroo6pa3HOH <l>oP-
MbI), coe.n;I1HeHHbIX Me)l{)::ly co6on B Hl1..)I(HeM QaCTI1 OllHOU: o6rneti npSIMOll
ropH30HHUTbHOll TPy6KOH, IIMelOlI1.ell OTpOCTOK B JIeBOM KOHue. Ha 3TOT
OTpOCTOK YCTaHOBJleH fn6KlIH naTpy60K C Tpy6KOll MaJIOrO LI:l1aMeTpa.
Bce Tpy6Kll 3aKpellJIeHbl Ha naHeJII1, KOTOpa51 yCTaHoBneHa Ha nO,UCTaBKe
CO CTORKOM.
, B KOMTIJIeKT npH60pa BXO,lJ,llT rraKeT C cyXMM KpaCllTeJIeM ,UJUI rrpHTO-
TOBneHJffi nOLI:KparneHHOH )l(H,UKOCTll.
TeXHH'IeCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH
I) BbICOTa T})y60K pa3HOM €!>OpMbl 170 MM.
2) fa6apHTHbIe pa3Mepbl rrpn60pa He GOJ1ee 230 x 150 x 260 MM.
3) Macca He 60JIee 0,6 Kf.
KOHCTPYKUH5I npu6opa, rrpe.uCTaBJleHHOTO Ha pnC)'HKe 3.34, 6, o6ec-
neqHBaeT TTOBOpOT BceR CHCTeMbI co06IUalOIIIuxcH COCYJJ:OB, TaK KaK OHll
3aKpellJIeHbJ Ha np03paQHOM llJIaCTUHe, KOTopaSI MO){(eT nOBOpaQnBaTbC51
BOKPyr OCM.
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TeXHlf1IeCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH
1) BblcoTa Bcex BepTMKaJIbHbIX TIJy60K 65 MM; ,lI)II1Ha rOpn30HTaJIbHOH
TPy6KR 160 MM.
2) Pa3MepbI: BepTMKaJIbHOM naHeJII1 210 x 16 x 220 MM. nO)J,CTaBKH -
210 x 120 x 16 MM.
3) ra6aplITHble pa3Mepbl npll60pa B c60pe He 60JIee 210 x ]20 x 236 MM.
4) Macca He 60JIee 1 Kr.
l(JUI npOBe.n;eHIDI onbITOB HaJIliBalOT no,nKpallleHHyJO )KHLI:KOCTb B 1111-
JIHI-I,IJ;pMQeCKllM COCY'u 60JIblllOrO D.l1aMerpa n:o Tex nop, nOKa Bo,na He non:-
HHMeTCR BO Bcex cocy.n;ax HeMHoro BbIllie nOJIOBI1HbI HX BbICOTbI 11 He YCTa-
HOBI1TCH Ha ypOBHe 6JIIDKatlrneti ropM30HTaJIbHOH JIMHMH 3KpaHa. 06pa-
lI.{aIOT BHIIMaHlie yqaIUHXcSI Ha OAllHaKOBbIM ypOBeHb )KH.n;KOCTI1 B cocy.n;ax.
nOCJIe 3TOro HaKJIOHffiOT TPy6KY MaJIOrO llHaMe1pa C rH6KRM rraTpy6KoM
H nOKa3bIBaIOT, qTO ypOBeHb )KH.n;KOCTH M3MeIDIeTC.SI BO Bcex cocyn:ax O.n;ll-
HaKOBO M HaxOLI:I1TCH Ha OJ(HOH rOpI130HTaJlbHotl npSlMOM. 3areM nOBOpo-
TOM np03patIHoti TIJIacrHHbI BOKpyr BI1HTa HaKJIOlUllOT Bce TPy6KM H nOKa-
3bIBaIOT, Iff 0 npH pa3HbIX yrJIax HaKJIOHa C006walOll1.HXClI COCy,nOB ypOBeHb
)KHllKOCTM TalOKe OCTaeTeR Ha O.n;HOM rOpM30HTaJTbHOM rrpRMoit
3.29. (4.2.36) TpM60MeTpbI .n.eMOHCTpal\MOHHbIe
TpI160MeTpbI rrpe.n;Ha3HaQeHbI .lUUI .n;eMOHCTpaUI1H 3aKO-
HOMepHocTetl TpeHHR 11 HCnOJIb3YlOTClI ,l(JISI npOBe.n;eHMSI ,neMOHCTpaUllOH-
HbiX 3KcnepMMeHTOB, B KOTOpbIX Heo6xo,UMMa HaKJIOHHa5.I IDIOCKOCTb: 1pe-
Hlle nOKOll M CKOJIb)KeHMH; epaBHeHl1e CIDIbI TPeHIDI KaqeHMR C eIDIOll Tpe-
HIDI CKOJIb)l(eHM.SI; 3aBHCliMOCTb eHJIb! TpeHIDI OT COCTOllHMSI TpYUjJiXC.SI
nOBepXHocTetl 11 CHJlbI LI:aBJIeHIDl; nOTeHUMaJIbHa5.I 3Heprl1.SI TeJIa, nO.lIIDI-
Toro Ha,n. 3eMJIei1; pa60Ta CMJI Ha HaKJIOHHOH nJIOCKOcru; K03<p€pnUI1eHT
nOJIe3Horo .n:eHCTBHR H ern 3aBlleliMOCTb OT Cl1JIbI TPeHIUI 11 HaKJIOHa ITJIOC-
KOCTM l1,np. - _
.....
TpH60MeTPbI COCTORT ll3 OCHOBaHIDI; 6pycKa M KaTKa, 113rOTOBJIeHHbIX
H3 n:epeBa; rrJIaCTMaCeOBOH TapeJIK1L B COCTaB Tpu6oMeTpoB BXO,nI1T TaIOKe
llIHYp.
OCHOMHMe npM60pa rrpe,UCTaBIDIeT co6oti .lIOCKY, Ha OD:HOM KOHue KO-
TOpOM 3aKpenJIeH llepeBHHHbIH 60pTHK, c.T1)T)Kaunm: ,U)UI 3a.n:ep)KKH TeJI.
CKOJIb3S1IUHX no HaKJIOHHOH ruIoeKOCTH.
EpyeoK I1MeeT cpOPMY npRMoyrOJ1bHOrO napaJIJIeJ1enMrre.n.a. OH cHa6-
)KeH ,!I,ByMH KpIOQKaMII, pacnOnO)KeHHbIMI1 B pa3HbIX MeCTax O,nHOM ero
TopueBoM nOBepXHOCTIi. 3TMM 06eCneQHBaeTCH napaJIJIeJIbHOCTb IIIHypa,
nepe6porneHHoro Qepe3 6noK, OTHOCI1TeJIbHO IDIOCKOCTI1 OCHOBaHIUI npM
_ OTAEJ1bHbIE np 60Pbl
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YCTaHOBKe 6PYCKa Ha pa3Hblx peGpax. Ha ,nBYX coce.n;HHx rrOBepXHoCTlIX
6pYCKa HMelOTClI no Tpl1 yrJIyGJleHH L(HJIIIH,l(pHQeCKOM Q>OPM1,I .lI)Ul pa3Me-
Il{eHIDI Ha HHX rpY30B.
KaToK cHa6:>KeH npOBOJIO IHoi1 .n:yroM c cOfHyrbIMII KOHQaMI:I. KOH-
L(bI rrpOBOnOKI1 HanpaBJIeHbI .rq>yr K ,npyry H lIBJI IOTCSl OC1,IO KaTKa.
,LI.JUI npOBe,UeHHSI .n;eMoHCTpaU:HI1 Heo6xo.D.MMbI cne.nyJOIIllle npH6o-
pbI: llITaTHB YHI1BepCaJIbHbIM 2.16, llHHaMOMeTP 2.23, Ha60p rnpb rpY30B
1.15; MeTp lleMOHcTPaUI10HHbIM 2.29.
\ 1) Tpu60Memp c mpoHcnopmupoM U omseCOM (pHC. 3.35, a). Ha-
60p BKJIIO IaeT B ce611 TpaHcrroprMp C OTBeCOM; Heno,nBIDKHbIM 6JIOK
II CTep)KeHb.DJISI 3aKpeIIJIeHIffi B MY4>Te.
. .--..-
,/feXJlH1:leCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH npH60pa
I) fa6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI: OCHOBaHHSI 800 x 75 x 20 MM; 6pycKa 120 x
\ x 56 x 28 MM.
.
'2) ,lLrrHHa KaTKa 75 MM; ,DJ1aMeTp 50 MM.
3) -Macca TpH60MeTp3 C npHHa,z:vJe)f(HOCT5IMH He 60nee 1,5 KI:
2) Tpu60Memp co e&eMHbIM 6noKoM U wKDnou C cDHmuMemposblMU
aeneHuRMu (pHC. 3.35, 6).
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1) fa6apliTHbIe pa3MepbI: OCHOBaHlUI C KpoHIIITenHoM 11 6JIOKOM He Gonee
820 x 50 x 20 MM; 6pycKa 130 x 35 x 50 MM.
2) ,nnllHa KaTKa 80 l\.IM; ,Ul1aMeTp 50 MM.
3) Macca rrplI60pa He Gonee 1,2 KT.
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.ueJleHl1e IlJIOTHOCTI1 BOJIM; CBOHCTBO ra3a 3aHl1MaTD BeCb npe.n;OCTaBJIeH-
HLIM 06'beM; Mo.n;eJIb TeI1JIOnOro ,UBI1)KeHllH; Jif3MeHCHHe BHYTpeHnei1 3Hep-
rllil TeJI npu conepllIeHI1U pa60ThI H npH Tcn..-ronepc.uaqe; TeiDJonpOBOlI-
HOCTb Tnep,UbIX TCJT, }KHllKOCTcn H ra30H: KOHBeKUIUI B )l(Jf;::J:KOCTHX Jif Ta3aX;
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2) Ha60p Kam1J1JUlpOB Ha nO.l(CTaBKC
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npOBOJIOKM
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pacnmpCIiHSI TBep.ubIX TeJI
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OTp,enbHble npl160pbl D
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1) j],uaMeTp UHJIUHD:POB He MeHee 20 MM.
2) BbIcoTa UlUII1H,n:pOB He MeHee 90 MM; nbICOTa CBHHUOBOH qaCTI1 l.{H-
1Il1H,Upa He MeHee 12 MM.
3) Macca npu60pa He 60JIee 0,5 lIT.
.D:JUI npone}],elll1R onbITa C npli6opoM Heo6xollliMO npellBapHTe.JThHO
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111I1M YCIDIHeM. 3aTeM 3aQHIl.{eHHbIe l.{IDII1H.1J.PbI npH)I(HMaIOT }],pyr K .n:pyry
li nOCJIe HX Cl.{enJIeHIDI 3aKperuulIOT B IIITaTHBe (pliC. 4.4, 6). Ha KproqOK
nO)lBeIliUBaIOT rupH: BHaqaJIe MaCCOM I KT, 3aTeM - 2 .Kr. EClIU nonepXHO-
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Ha60pbI npellHa3HaQeHbI .lJ)LSI ,UeMOHcTPal.{llli KanillI.iUlp-
HbIX RBJIeHHH B np03paQHbIX CTeKJISIHHbIX Tpy6Kax pa3Horo BHyrpeHHero
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npOeHI4Uu. B COCTaB Ha60pa BXOJUIT D,Ba CTeKJISIHHbIX co06lI(alOIl.{UXCR co-
cy,Ua H OJJ;Ha o6Il.{a5.1 .LLJTR HHX llJIaCTMaCCOBaR nO,UCTaBKa.
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7,0 MM H 2,5 MM; APyroro cocyn.a 7,0 MM, 2,5 MM H 1,25 MM. BbICO-
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2) ra6apHTHble pa3MepbI npH60pa B c60pe He 60JIee 85 x 35 x 100 MM.
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, HbIX Tpy60K 150 MM; JI]IHHa ropl130HTaJIbHOfi TJ)y6Klf 120 MM.
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::- 130 x 100 x 16 MM.
3) fa6apllTHble pa3MepbI rrpll60pa B c60pe He 60JIee 130 x 100 x 186 MM.
4) Macca He 60JIee 0,6 Kf.
,lLTuI lIeMOHCTJ)al.{HH pa3Hofi BbICOTbI YPOBHSI )I(Hl{KOCTlf B KanHJJJUlpHbIX
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MeTJ)a.
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C MaHOBa1<YYMMeTpoM
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MOCTh Me)l()ly 06'LeMOM )laBJIeHI1CM 11 TeMrrepaTYPOH .u..r-.R ra3a .l(aHHoH Mac-
CbI; H30Tep1\UiQeCKJrfi rrpol.{eCC; H306apHblH npOl.{eCC; 1I30XOpHbIM npoI(Ccc.
BPM60p (pMC. 4.6) COCTOIIT H3 3aKpblToro rOcPPMpoBaHHoro MeTaJIJIl1-
tleCKOrO cocyn.a rrepeMeHHoro 06'be1vfa; BaKYYMHoro pe3MHOBoro IIJJraHfa
H MaHOBaKYYMMeTpa.
Ha BepxHeM M HIDKHeH ITOnepXHOCTSIX ro():>pl1pOBaHHoro COCYlla 3aKperr-
JIeHbI KpyrJ1ble MeTaJIJIWleCKJ1e rrJIaCTMHKJ1. Ha nepXHeH nJIaCTHHKC 3a-
KpeIIJIeHa ITJIaHKa C llBYMJJ OTBepcTHSIMH Ha KOH1l3X (rrOD:BlDKHa$I TpaBep3a)
H YCTaHOBJIeH ITaTpy6oK c006U{aIOIllI1HCSI C ro():>pMpoBaHHbIM cocynOM.
HIDKH51SI ITJIaCTlIHKa CJI)T)J(HT OCHOBaHHeM rrpl16opa. Ha Hefi YCTaHOB-
JIeHbI lIna BepTMKaJIbHLIX HarrpaBJUJIOlllJiX CTep)l(Hff. OHM npO.l(eTbI Icpe3
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cY;l1a. BepXHHe KOHUbl CTep:>KHefi 3aKpenJIeHbI Ha KOHl.{aX BTOpofi TaKOM )ICe
rrJIaHKM (HerrOllBH)f(Hoti TpaBep3bI), M:MeIOIlleM pe3L6oBoe OTBepCTI1C B ce-
pe.n;MHe. B PC3b6oBoe OTBepCTl1e BepxHeti Herro.n;BI1)J(JJofi lDIaHKI1 BBHWICH
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TO cocy.ua. Ha IIIKaJIe HaHeceHbI paBHO 1epHO 10 .n;eJIeHHM 6e3 OUI1<PPOBKI1.
PaCCTO.HHlie Me)KJJ,Y lIBYM51 cocellHHMH .neJIeHli.HMli lliKaJIbI 15 MM.
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onpaBe, cHa6.>KCH CTJ)CJIO\.lHblM YKa3aTeJIel\.1 11 YCTaHOBJIeH Ha rro'llcraBKe
co CTOMKOM. Ha CTOHKe 3aKpenJIeHbl ,T(Ba KpaHa C Hl1nneJ1..HMl1, KaHcL'IbI KO-
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oUII():>ponaHo.
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1) .L!l1a}.o(eTp ro():>plIponaHHoro cocY;l1a 100 MM; BbICOTa B cBo6o.n;HOM 00-
CTOflHl1l1 100 MM.
2) .L!l1arra30H 1I3MeHeHUH nblCOTbI cocYll:a OT 75 ,T(O 150 l\.fM.
3) ,[(Harra30H 113 1epeHlifl lIaBJIeHIUI MaHOBaKYYMMeTpoM OT -1,0 aT. .liO
1,5 aT.; ueHa.neJIeHUSJ IlIKaJIbI MaHonaK)ryMMeTpa 0,05 Krc/M 2 .
4) fa6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI rrpl160pa (6e3 lllJIaHra li MaHOBaKYYM,\1CTpa)
He 60JIee 145 x 135 X 365 MM; Macca He 60jIee 1,0 Kf.
5) fa6apHTHbIe pa3MepbI l\.faHOBaKYYMMeTpa He 60JleC 180 x 180 x
x 310 MM; Macca HC 60JICC 2,5 Kf.
16) .LIJIHHa pe3I1HOnOro IIInaHra 400 MM.
\7) Macca rrpl160pa C MaHOBaKYYMMeTpOM He 60JICC 3,5 Kf.
\ 4.6. (4.3.17) Tennonpl1eMHl1Kl1 (napa)
/ T errJIOrrpl1eMHI1KI1 npellHa3Hay.CHbI J1JHI o6napY)J(eHHH
TenJIOBOrO li3Jlyt1CHlf5.I., a TaKJKe ,lI,lliI cpannenUH TenJ[OBOrO nOL1.0111eHIDl
\ CBeTJIofi H 1:IepHOif rroBepxHocTeH.
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napa$IIHa npHKpeIIJTSIIOTCH fB03AHKH.
(4.3.18) Tpy61<a nllil AeMOHCTpa 1rtl11<OHBe l1l1
B }f{J1)J.1{OCTJ1
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2.16(1).
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I) BHelUHHM lIJ1aMeT}J U -o6pa3HoH TPy6KM 20-22 MM; lIHaMeTp naTPy6-
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2) fa6apl1THbie pa3MepbI npM60pa He 60JIee 340 x 30 X 270 MM.
3) Macca He 60JTee 0,2 Kr.
lJ.;uI nOJlfOTOBKH rrpH60pa K pa60re ero YCTaHaBJIHBaIOT B JIanKe IIITa-
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OTnenbHble npl160pbl mJ
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L(.rUJ Ha6JIIO,T(eHI1SJ BJIeHMH KOHBeKIUllf B BO.D:e nOllBOllRT IL'IaMH CnMp-
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3a C060R oKparueHHbIe CTpyn BO.D:bI. B n.pyrOM He HarpeTOM KOJIeHe Tpy6KH
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-" TeXHH1:IeCKlie xapaKTepHCTUKH npH60pa
1) lJl1aJ\.feTp mapa MO)KeT 6bITb OT 25 .u.0 32 MM; ,TJ:JIMHa u.enOQKII OT 93
\ .n.o 103 MM.
-I;' 2}, ra6apHTHbie pa3MepbI npll60pa He 60JIee I lOx 135 x 270 MM.
3) Macca HC 60nee 0,5 Kf.
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l£epc3 KOJIbl.{O, eCJIM HX TeMnepaTypbI O.llIlHaKOBbl. ECJII1 IlIap HarpeTb no
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llIap 3aCTpCBaeT B KOJIbl.{e If .n;ep)J(MTCSI Ha HeM LIO BhlpaBHI1BaHIill TeMnepa-
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4.12.
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ra6apHTHbIC pa3Mepbl npM60pa He 60llee 300 x 135 x 65 'i -I; mcca
He 60Jlee O 25 Kr.
TIpH HarpeBaHl111 MJIM OXJIa)K)leHMI1 6MMCnUl.JIl1QeCKOH llJIaCTI1HbI OHa
113rH6aeTC5I lUUOKeHHC ee He3aKpCllJIeHHOfO (BepXHero) KOHl.{a nepeAaCT-
CSJ C1J)eJIKe, OCTpbIH KOHeu KOTOpOH nCpeMel.[(aeTCn no llIKaJIe npl160pa.
3aMeTHOC OTKJIOHeHMe CJpeJIKM MOJKHO Ha6JI IOJJ;aTb npl1 M3MeHeHlll1
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He CJIe.n:yeT HarpeBaTb nnaCTllHY OTKpbITblM llJIaMeneM CBbIllie TeMnepaTY-
pbI 50°C.
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JICKTa «3JIeKTpw:recTBo-l», RBJISJIOTCSI lICMOHCTpal..{MI1 3aBHCMMOCTM CIDII>I
TOKa OT conpOTMBJIeHIDI YQaCTKa u.enl1 H 3aBMCMMOCTll CI1JIbI TOKa OT H3-
npIDKeHHSI. 1II3MepcHI151 CI1JIbI TOKa Ii HanpSJ)f{eHIDI npOBOllSJTCSI C a6co-
JIIOTHOM norpelliHOCTblO 0, I AM 0,1 B COOTBeTCTBCHHO. BbIcoKaSI TOqHOCTb
113rOTOBJIeHIU1 npOBOJIOIlHbIX pe311cTopOB n03BOJISIeT nOKa3aTb npRMYJO
nponOpIlHOHaJIbHYIO 3aBHCIIMOCTb CMJIbI TOKa OT HarrpIDKeHJ151 (3aKoH
OMa) C HCnOJII>30BaHMeM OqeHb npOCTbIX )])151 BOCnpMSITJfff 3HaqeHHH BeJIH-
Y.I1H. B3SIB, HanpHMep, B Ka IeCTBe conpOTMBJICHlliI pe3MCTOp 2 OM, MO:>KHO
nOJIyqMTh CJIc.uYlOmne 3HaqeHI151 CHJIbI TOKa II HanpIDKeHMSI: (0,5 A; 1,0 B),
(1,0 A; 2,0 B) 11 T. llo YMeHbIlIcHMe conpOTIIBJIeHlliI pe3MCTopa B 2 pa3a (yc-
-
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TllBJICHller-.t 10M) rrpl1Be.aeT K YBeJIMQeHMIO B 2 pa3a CMJIbI TOKa B uenH.
Cl>oTorpa():>luI3JIeKrpl1':leCKOM uerrl1, C06paHHOM 113 3JIe leHTOB lle fOHCTpa-
UlIOHHOrO Ha60pa «3JleKTpl1'leCTBO- I ), npellCTaB}IeHa Ha pHCYHKe 5.2.
2) l(oMnne«m «3ne«mpUyeCmBo-2» (4.4. 16). npellHa3HaQeHHbIM llII5I
H3yqellMSJ 3neK'rpH1:JeCKOfO TOKa B nOjlynpoBOllHI1KaX, I1Crr0J1b3yeTCJI ,UJUI
npOBe.aeHI1SJ CJIe.aYTOll{MX .)KcnepMMeHTOB: llJytICHlIC JaBHClIMOCTlI conpo-
THBJIeHIHI rrOJIynpoBollHI1Ka OT Tel\.fnepaTYPbl; M3yqellHe 3aBMCHMOCTH co-
npOTI1BJIeHI151 rrOJIyrrpoBollHI1Ka OT OCBemeHHOCTM; 0,D,HOCTOpOHH5UJ npo-
BOJII1MOCTh nOjlYllpOBOllHI1KOBoro .al1o.aa; H3Y'leHHe CBeTOllHo.aa; YCTpOi1-
CTno TpaH3HCTopa; pa60Ta TpaH3HCTopa B pC)lill!\.fe KJllO'la; yCl1JIeHl1e
jneKTpHIlecKofo CHfHaJIa l'paH3HCTOpOM; npllHlllIn JICnCTBllH ():>oropeJ1e;
npMHl.{Mn lleMcTBHSI TepMOpeJTe; HCTOIJHHK TOKa Ha OCHone IIOJIynpOBOJI-
HI1KOBOrO cPoT03JIeMeHTa.
',llaITITbIM KOMTIJIeKT (pHC. 5.3)
C6CTaBJISIIOT CJIe.uYIOIIll1e MO.uYJTM:
TpaH3MCTOp; cpoT03JIeMeHT; CBeTO-
'-)::{110.u; TepMlfCTOp; cpoTope3HcTop;
pe McTop COllpOTllBJIeHMeM 360 O f;
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nepe feHHbiM pe3HCTOp COnpOTI1B-
neHl1eM 470 OM; JIaMrra Ha Hanp51-
)KeHl1e 3,5 D.
L{..rIsi npOBeJIeHIDl lleMoHcTpa-
llllM Heo6xollHM KOMIIJICKT «3JleKT-
Pll\.lCCTBO-l» .
MO.aYJ1lf, COCTaBJISIJOlI{IlC KOMlI-
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Ha JIl1ueBOM nOBepXHOCTM o603Ha-
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YHMBepCaJ1bHble KOMnI1eKTLI _
........
qeHJUI 3JIeMeHTOB, a caMM rro.rryrrpOBOIJ:HllKOBbIe npll60pbI (3a lfCKJIIO'le-
HlfeM CBeTo.DJ10Lla) H BCIIOMoraTenbHbIe 31IeMeHTbI (pe3HCTopbI), Heo6xo-
.l(IlMbIe )J)UI COCTaBJIeHM5I ::meKTI>lfqeCKHX ueneM, y6paHbi BHyrpb Mo.ayJIeM.
IIpWIIiHa 3Toro He TOJIbKO B MHHlfaTlOpHOCTIi .l(IlO.l(OB II TJ)aH3lfCTOpOB.
)1eno B TOM, qTO nOJIyrrpoBOLlHHKOBbIe 3neMeHTbI CyuJ:eCTBeHHO OTJIWIa-
IOTCSI no pa3MepaM, BHeIIIHeMY B 11 xapaKTepHCTIIKaM. n03TOMY Heu:e-
JIeC006pa3HO B BOcnpMSITIHf yqalI(MXClI CB1I3bIBaTb 0606IIleHHbIe xapaKTe-
pMCTMKM, 1I3yqaeMbIe B lllKOJIbHOM KYpce, C KOHKpeTHbIM BHJI.OM onpe.n:e-
neHHoro LlHOLla, $OTope311CTopa lfJIlf TpaH3MCTopa, CMOHTMpOBaHHOro Ha
Mon:YJIe.
KOHCTPYK1-UUl Monynefi CBeTOqYBCTBMTeJIbHbLX nOJIynpoBoLlHMKOBbIX
3JleMeHTOB LlOnOJIHIITeJIbHO rrpe.n:yCMaIplfBaeT YCTaHOBKY IIX rrepne MKY-
JUlpHO nOBepXHOCTll.l(OCKH (Ha pe6po), rrpH 3TOM «pOTO.n:lfO.n: H «pOT03ne-
Mem MOryT 6bITb OCBemeHbI CBeTOM JIaMrrbI RJIH KaKoro- Jll160 npyroro
HCTOqHlfKa. IIpli pa3MemeHllll 3THX Mo.n:yJIefi Ha .n:OCKe 06bIQHbIM o6pa-
30M .n:eMOHCTJ)llpyroTCH xapmcrepllcTHKH rrOJIyIIpOBO.DJIIiKOBbIX YC1poi1CTB
B «TeMHOBOM» pe)KJf:Me.
IIplf 113yqeIDIIl3aBIlClfMOCTI:I corrpoTHBJIeHIDI nOJIyIIpOBOJUIliKa OT TeM-
rrepaTYPbI TepMOpe311CTOp norpyxalOT B CTaKaH C ropWIetl BOLloi1. I103TO-
MY OH MOHTHpyeTcH Ha KOHIJ:e rll6Koro rrpoBO.n:a, KOTOpbIi1 CBH3bIBaeT Tep-
Mope311CTOp C KJIeMMaMIi ero MO.n:ymI.
KOMillIeKT «3neKTpllqeCTBO- 2» HBIDleTCH n:orrOJIHeHlleM K KOMillIeKT)'
«3neKlpulJ.ecTBo-l», rrOCKOJIbK}' 3HaQliTeJIbHM 'lJ.aCTb 3neMeHTOB KOMn-
neKTa «3JIeK1pM'lecTBo-l» Hcrronb3yeTc.SI nplf COCTaBJIeHHI1 3neKTpM'le-
CKHX u.eneM B 3KcnepMMeHTax no lf3Y'lJ.eHMIO CBOMCTB nonynpOBon:HMKOB.
3) l(oMnneKm «3neKmpu'Iecmso-3» (4.4.17) npe.n:Ha3Ha'leH JJ)ISI BbI-
nOJIHeHHlI 3KcnepMMeHTOB C Ko eHcaTOpoM M KaT)'IllKOM. M YKTMBHOC-
TM, a TalOKe ,WUI M3yqeHH51 TeMbI «I1epeMeHHbIM 3JleKTpM'leCKliM TOK».
KOMnJIeKT HCnOnb3yroT ,WlSl IIpOBeLleHltlI cneJ(yIOIIlMX 3KcnepMMeHTOB: 3a-
-"";.
pSI.D;Ka KOH.D;eHcaTOpa; pa3PMKa KOH,IJ;eHCaTOpa; 3HepniSI 3apIDKeHHo _
KOHlIeHcaTopa; SlBJIeHHe 3JIeJcrpOMafHIITHOH HHlJYKI.(IlIl; mmeHlle caMOHH-
.nyKIIHH; KOH.LJ:eHcaTOp B u:enH nepe:MeHHoro TOKa; KaTYillKa HH,DyKTIffiHOC-
TII B u:enlf nepeMeHHoro TOKa; nOCJIe.n:OBaTeJIbHM u:enb rrepeMeHHoro TO-
Ka; pe30HaHC B nOCJIe.n:OBaTeJIbHOM KOJIe6aTeJIbHOM KOHTYJ)e; 3aBllClfMOCTb
pe30HaHcHotl qaCTOTbI OT napaMe1poB KOHTYPa; npliHIUlrr .l(e:itcTBIDI
TJ)aHc<PoPMaTopa.
J],aHHbIi1 KOMruIeKT (pl1c. 5.4) SIBJUleTCSI .D;OnOJIHeHMeM K Ha60paM
«3neKlpH'lJ.ecTBo-l» M «3neK1pM'lJ.eCTBO- 2» M co.n.eP)I(HT CJIeLlYIOIl{Me 3ne-
MeHTbI: rrepeKJIlOqaTeJlb; KOH,Z:(eHCaTOpbI eMKOCTblO: 18,8 MK<I>, 4,7 MK<1>,
4700 MK<I> If 2200 :MK<I>; MO.n:yJIb )J)UI nOnKJIIO'lJ.eHIDl KaT)'IllKli I1 YKTI1B-
_ YH E;'(AJ1I,HLJE KLMrnEtc I"bI
";1-- -il-- ..t.I h-
4,7 MK<J> 18,8 MK<J> 2200 MKG>
]1 ;!J F- --f
4700 MKt1>
I I
.. "
PMc.5.4
HOCTU; .rrpOCCeJIbHa5J KaTYlliKa C c:l:>eppMToBLIM cep.aeqHHKOM; KaTYIDKa-MO-
TOK (2 liT.).
HOMMHaJIbI KOHLJ:eHCaTOpOB nO.il06paHbI TaKHl\.f 06pa30M, qT06bI 06ec-
ne IMTb 33MeTHOe OTJII1y.lle n C06CTBeHHLIX qaCTOTaX KOJIe6aTeJIbHbIX KOH-
TYPOB, C06paHHbIX Ha fIX OCROBe.
lLrrSI npOBel1eHIHI 3KcnepHMeHTOB He06xoJIIIMbI: KOMlUleKT «3neKTPM-
qecTBo-I»; KOMnJIeKT «3JIeKTpMQeCTBO- 2)}; <PYHKU.110HaJILHLIH reHepaTOp
ICHfHaJIOB <Dr -lOOD: 5.37.
l HOBble B031\.fO}KHOCTIf, KOTopble OTKpbIBaJOTCR npll HCnOJIb30naHIU1
paCCMaTpliBaeMOfO 06opy.uOBaHIDI, MO)I(HO npOHJlJIIOCTpHpOBaTb 3Kcne-
pMMeHTOM no 113yqeHJUO nOCJIeJIOBaTeJIbHOH u.errll nepeMeHHoro TOKa.
npMBelleM npMMep 3KcnepMMeHTa, .aeMOHcTpMpylOIUero pacnpe.aeJIeHMe
Hanp5DKeHI1SI no ::meMeHTaM B nOCJIe.uOBaTenbHOH uenM rrepeMeHHoro TO-
""
Ka. OR rrpOBo.aMTC$I Ha OCHOBe cpaBHeHIDI pacnpe.u.eneHlffi HanpSI:>KeHl1fi
\ B uenM rrepeMeHHoro TOKa, cOJIep:>Karnefi TOJThKO aKTUBHble 3neMeHTbi (pe-
l3 CTOpbI), C uenblO, B KOTOPYIO BXO.ilHT lIH,DyKTMBHOCTb 11 eMKOCTb.
"- ' CHaqaJIa K reHepaToPY ClfHYCOHD:3JIbHOfO CJIfHaJIa rrO,Z:{l0TIOQaeTC$I
3JIeKTpHQeCKaR nenb, cOl1ep:>Kam:aSI J(Ba rrOCJIe,QOBaTenbHO COe)];HHeHlffiIX
pe3HcTopa RIM R2 pa3Hblx HOMllHaJIOB. C nOMoIULIO llM<1;>poBoro BOJIbT-
MeTpa u3MepHIOTcSI o6IIlee HanpSI:>KeHl1e, npl1JIO)KeHHOe K IJ:enH, M HanpH-
:>KeHM5I Ha pe311cTopax RIll R2. CYMMa HaIIpIDKeHMM Ha pe3HcTopax cpaB-
HMBaCTCSI c 061I(MM HanpIDKeHHeM, II <j)opMYJIUpyeTcH BbIBO.a 0 TOM, qTO,
eCJIM 3JIeKTpl IeCKM uenb co.uep:>KI1T TOJIbKO aKTMBHbIC 3neMeHTbI (pe3MC-
TOpbI), TO CyMMa HanpIDKeHllH Ha OT.l(eJIbHbIX yqacTKax nOCJIe1l0naTeJIbHOH
uenH paBHa 06IlleMY HanpIDKeHlllO.
YHI1BepCaJlbHble KOMnl1eKTbI _
1 1\_111 Q 'I u_..._._..& __-....
3aTer-.t BMeCTO pe3MCTOpa R2 B uenb BKJIIOy.aeTCH KOH.n.CHCaTOp. nOCJle
113MepCHIDl o6ll(cro HanpR)KeHIUI, HanpSDKeHIHI Ha pe3MCTOpe RIM KOH-
.neHcaTope C H Bbl'lHCJICHIDl CYMl\'lbl LlBYX nOCJl.en:HMX HanpIDKeHHH BHMMa-
HMC Y'laIIlHXC51 o6palll.aeTC}f Ha TO, 1:ITO Tenepb npllJIO)l(eHHOe K uenM
HanpSDKeHIlC OKa3blBaeTCR MeHbIIIe CYMMbJ lIanpJDKeHHH Ha pe3J1CTOpe
H KOHJ1CHCaTOpc. AHaJIOfMqHaSl KapTMHa nOnY'laeTCSI J1 .IIJl5I uenM, COLlep-
)KameM pe3MCTOp H LlpOCCeJlbHj'1O KaTYlliKy:
B 3aBCprnalOU{eH qaCTll onbITa co6MpaeTCSI Hcnb, cOLlep)J(ama51 coeLlH-
HeHHbIe nOCJIeLlOBareJIbHO l1pOCCCJlbHYIO Ka1)'lllKY, pe3J1CTOp M KOHD:eHCa-
TOp, J1 B PC3YJlbTaT H31vfepeHMM M BbJ1:JMCJleHHM LlenaCTCR OKOI-PIaTCJlbHbIM
BbIBOl( 0 TOM, qTO B UCIII1 nepe1\ofeHHOro TOKa, co.uep}l(aIl(cn I1HllYKTHB-
HOCTb M eMKOCTb, aJIre6paH1:IeCKaR CYMMa HaIIpR}I(eHJ1H He COBna,n:aeT C Ha-
npR}I(ellJ1eM, IIpHJIO}l(eHHbI K 3TOH UCHI1. TIoCJIe 3Toro C nO\.foIUblO UMc:l:>-
pOBoro MI1JIJIMaMnCpMeTpa H3MepJIeTCSI CIDIa TOKa M rronyy.eHHoe 3Haqe-
Hl1e conOCTaBJUleTCSI C pe3YJIbTaTOlvf paCy.eTa CHJIhI TOKa Ha OCHOBaHHJ1
3aKOlla OMa DJISI UenIl Ilepe feHHoro TOKa.
I1cCJIe.n;OBaHIlC ueneif rrcpeMeHHOfO TOKa C HCnOJlb30BaHHeM KOMn-
JIeKTa «3ncKTpMQeCTBO- 3» M npHCTaBK11-0Cu.HJJnOl-pa$a K KOMnbIOTepHO-
MY M3MepMTeJIbHOMy 6JIoKY 2.20 (3) npHBe.n;CHO B pa3,n:enc 2 (CM. pHC. 2.37).
4) HOlimneKm «3neKmpu'Iecmso-4» (4.4.18) npCllHa3HaqeH.lJ.]UI ne-
MOHCTpaIlI1M RBJIeIIM"fi M 3aKoHoMepHocTeM, H3)TllaeMbIX B TeMe «3JIeKTpM-
qeCIGIM TOK B BaKYYMe», a TaK.)Ke 3KcnepIlMeHTOB no 113Y'leHHIO 3aBMCM-
MOCTH conpOTMBJIeHIDI MeTaJIJIa OT TCMIIeparypbI M 3aBHCMMOCTJ1 HHTeH-
CHBHOCTH TeTTJIOBOrO H3JTytleHlffi OT
TeMnepaTypbL
l{aHHbIH KOMIIJIeKT (pIlC. 5.5)
COCTaBJISlIOT: 3JIeKTpOHHa5I JIaMna
CneUHaJIbHOR KOHCTpy:KUI1M; pery-
JUITOp TOKa HaKaJIa - peOCTaT co-
npOTHBJICHl1e 100 OM; J1CT01:II:IIlK
nwraHIlH; nOCTOHHHblM MarHI1T. -:
OC06CHHOCTH KOHCTPYKUHJ1 naMIIbI
no,n:po6HO npeLlCTaBJIeHbI npl1 onM-
CaHI1M Ha60pa ,D,JIH H3ytIeHI151 TOKa
B BaKYYMe 1.61.
KorvfrrncKT «3JIek'Tj)I1'leCTBo-4»
I1CnOJIb3yJOT DJISI npOBCneHMSI cne-
llYIOII(J1X 3KcnepHMeHTOB: SIBJIeHIle
repM03JICKTpOHHOH 3MMCCJ1H B Ba-
KYYMe; O.n;HOCTOpOHHIDl npOBOl1M-
MOCTb BaKYYMHoro Mona; BOJIhT-
'--
- -
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PM.c. 5.5
_ YHHBEPCAJlbHblE KOMnJ1EKTbl
aMrrepHa5J XapaKTepMCTlIKa BaKYYMHOrO ,D;l10.n;a; HaCbImeHMe BaKYYMHOrO
.LU1o.n;a; .n;BIDKeHlle 3neKTpOHOB B MarHHTHOM 113JIeKTpMQeCKOlvf TTOJIe; TpeX-
3neKTpO.n;Ha51 3JIeKTPOHHa51 JIaMrra (TpMO.n;); 3aBMCMMOCTh M3JIyqalOlllefi
CnOC06HOCTll MenUIJIa M ero 3neKTPI1QeCKOrO conpOTHBJIeHIUI OT TCMnepa-
TYpbI.
)LITSI rrpOBelleHI15J l1elvfOHCTpaUI1H Heo6xo.D;MMbI: KOMTTneKT «3neKTPu-
1:lecTBo-l»; KOl\U1JIeKT «3JIeKTpl1y.eCTBo-2»; 6noK rrllTaHHSI peryJIMpyeMbIH
(TOJIbKO ,D,JUI onLITa C TpMOllOM).
3neMeHTbJ KOMnJIeKTOB «3neKTpH'lecTBo-l », «3neKTpuqecTBo- 2»)
«3neKTPHQeCTBO- 3», «3JIeKTpMQeCTBo-4» 06Pa3YIOT 06'be.n;MHeHHbIH
KOMnJIeKT «3./leKmpoiJulfoMuKa», KOTOpbIM TTpe,D,Ha3HaQeH LVUI pa60Thl
C KOMnbJOTepHOfi 113MepHTeJIbHoi1 CI1CTeMOM 2.20. )]..JuI perHCTpaUMM Ha-
rrpIDKeHHH Ha rrpo1l3BonbHbIx 3JIeMeHTax :::meKTpMQeCKI1X l(enei1 B 3Kcne-
plL\1eHTaX no ::)Jl,eKTpO.D;HHaMMKe KOMnLIOTepHbIM 113MepHTeJIbHbIH 6noK
McnonL3yeTcR COBMeCTHO C npMcTaBKofi-oCIUUIJIorpa<l:>oM 2.20(3).
KOMTIJIeKT «3JIeKTpO.illIHaMHKa» HCnOJIb3yroT )JJISI rrpOBeJ{eHHSI 3Kcne-
pnrvfeHTOB no CJIel1)'IOIIlI1M TeMaM.
JIAMnA HAKAJII1BAHI1JI B UETII1 nocr05lHHOrO TOKA: H3-
MeHeHlle CHJIbI TOKa B naMTTe npl1 ee BKJIIOQeHMI1; B03HHKHOBeHMe CBeqe-
HM5I JIaMnbI; BbIKJ1IOQeHHe JIaMrrbI.
KOHJJEHCATOP B UEIlI1 nOCTO.HHHOrO TOKA: 3apSl.n;Ka KOH-
l1eHCaTOpa; pa3PMKa KOHlleHcaTopa; M3MepeHI1e BpeMeHM 3apMKM H pa3-
PMKM KOHlleHcaTopa; 3Heprlf5I 3neKTpH'leCKOrO ITOJISI KOH):(eHCaTopa.
.HBJIEHI1JI 3JIEKTPOMAfHI1THOMI1HJJYKUl1H 11 CAMOI1H-
,IJ:YKUI1I1: 3.lIC MH)J,YKllllll TTPM BK..ilIOQeHHH TOKa B nepBHQHoll ucnll;
9.D:C HHllyKl(HM npM BbIKJII01:IeHHH TOKa B nepBHQHOM uenH; 3JJC MfI.[(yJ<-
UHH B TTOJIe nOCToSlHHOro MarHHTa; B03HMKHOBeHMe TOKa B KarylliKe lIH-
.n:yKTHBHOCTlf; 3L(C caMOMHlIYKllHH TTpl1 pa3MbIKaHMM uenll.
CBOEOL(HbIE 3JIEKTPOMAfHl1THbIE KOJIEEAHI1.H.
/'
llEPEMEHHbII1 TOK 11 ErO XAPAKTEPI1CTI1KI1: H31vfepeHI1e
Hanp$DKeHHSI MCTO'lHHKa nepeMeHHoro TOKa; M3MepeHMe CMnLI TTepeMeH-
'\ _ Horo TOKa.
. ',- UEnl1 I1EPEMEHHOfO TOKA: <l>a30BbIe COOTHOllIeHHSI Me)l(,[lY TO-
KOM B ncnH M Hanp.IDKeHHeM Ha KOH):{eHcaTOpe; 3aBMCMMOCTb eMKOCTHoro
conpOTIIBJIeHM5I 01' eMKOCTM KOHlleHcaTopa M 'laCTOThI; TOK B ueTrn, co.n;ep-
JKaIIlei1: KOHl1eHCaTOp; cpa30BbIe COOTHOllIeHMSI MC)J(lIY TOKOM B uenM H Ha-
npSI:)I(eHlIeM Ha MH,D,YKTI1BHOCTJI; 3aBlfCIIMOCTh IIHl1YKTMBHoro conpOTMB-
neHHSI OT IIHnyKTI1BHOCTll KaT)'llIKM 11 qaCTOTbI; npOHCXO)l(,[leHlIC HH.n;YK-
THBHoro conparl1BJIeHlliI; nocne.aOBaTeJILHaSl uenb nepeMeHHoro TOKa.
BbIHY.lK.lJ:EHHbIE 3JIEKTPOMAfHI1THbIE KOJIEEAHI1.H 11 PE-
30HAHC: 3aBMCHMOCTb aMI1J1MTYllbI KOJIe6aHJJiJ OT QaCTOTbI BHelliHero
HarrpIDKeHHSl; BJIlffiHHe aKTMBHoro COnpOTI1BJIeHHSI Ha <l:>OPMY pe30HaHc-
YHMBepcanbHble KOMnneKTbI _
..n ..
"'"""'II1II
HOll KpMBOH; BJIMJIHMe eMKOCrn H I1H1IYKTHBHOCTM Ha 3HaqeHMe pe30HaHC-
HOM qaCTOTbl KOHTYpa; COOTHOllleHl1e cPa3 HanpSDKeHIDl Ha 3JIeMeHTaX
KOHrypa IIpl1 pe30HaHCe; pa3DI1Tl1e KOJTe6aHMH. B YCJIOBI15IX pe30HaHCa.
MOLUHOcrb B UEnli nEPEMEHHOrO TOKA.
rEHEPATOP OEPEMEHHOrO Ii nocr05IHHOrO TOKA.
Bbln PHMJIEHI1E I1EPEM EHHOrO TO KA (O.llHOnOJIyrrepI10.llHbIM
BbIfIpSIMMTeJIb ).
AnSI npOBe.n;eHlUI 3KCnepl1MeHTOB Heo6xo.n;HMO 1{onOJIHHTenbHoe 060-
PY.llOBaHHe: KOMnbIOTep, KOMfIbJOTepHbIM M3MepMTeJIbHui1 6JIOK 2.20(1)
npMCTaBKa-OCllHJTnorpa<p 2.20(3), <PYHKlIMOHaJIbHbIfi reHepaTOp Cl1.rHaJIOB
<Dr -lOGA 5.37.
5.2. (4.4.13) l{oMnneKT o6oPY)J.oBaHI1R
TIO 3neKTpo)J.I1HaMl1Ke Ha 6a3e KOM611Hl1poBaHHoi1
1.\11€lJPOBOi1. cl1cTeMbl113MepeHl1u (KQCM - 3)
KOMnneKT o6oPY.llOBaHHSI no 3JIeKTpOLU1HaMHKe npel1-
CTaBneH 6a30BbIM KOMnJIeKTOM, KOl\1ffIneKTOM no 3neKTpOMarHMTHbJJ\,.{ KO-
JIe6aHM M II KOMfIJIeKTOM .D.J1SI HCCne.llOBaHIfSI npMHIU1IIOB paaMOCBSI3M.
06Il(IfMI1 3JleMeHT&\1M 06oPY.lloBaHI1SI .DJUI ocex KOMllJIeKTOB SIBJIHIOTCSI
KOM6l1HI1pOBaHHaH u.ncPpoBaH CI1CTeMa M3MepeHMM KllCI1-3 2.21, n.e-
MOHCTpaUIIOHHbIfJ CTeHlI. M 6JTOK nMTaHHSI.
D;eMOHCTpaUHOHHbIM CTeHl( BblnonHeH B BMl1e DJIOCKOfO Ha60pHoro
fIOJIH C KOHTaKTHbIMH fHe3D.3MM ,lLJISI YCTaHOBKI1 Mo.n.yJIefi. B HaCTonbHOM
Bapl1aHTe CTeH.n; YCTaHaBJTIfBaeTCH Ha .n.eMOHCTpaUIIOHHOM CTOJle BepTII-
KaJIbHO C nOMOI..QbJO J(BYX 60KOBbiX CToeK. llplI He06xol1IIMOCTII CTeHl1
MO)J(eT 6blTb 3aKpellJIeH Ha CTeHe Mnl1 KJ13CCHOfi .n.OCKe. EOKoBbIe CToi1KI1
npl1 3TOM He npIIBI1H':IMBaJOTCH, 3 KPeIlJIeHHe CTeHlI.a ocym,eCTBJISIeTCH
C IIOMOIl(bJO .n;BYX OTBePCTMM Ha ero 33.IJ,HeM creHKe.
PaCfIOJIO)KeHHe fHe311 Ha naHen11 CTeH.D:a 11 BHYTPeHHl1e 3JIeKTP11qe.CKMe
COe.llIIHeHHSI Me)K)1Y HHMII, a TaIOKe paCnOJIO)KeHl1e 3JIeMeHTOB B _ MO.llYJISIX
11 I1X ycnoBHbIe rpa<pMQeCKlie 0603HaQeHlffi BbIIIonHeHbI TaKMM 06pa30M,
IT06bI COCTaBJIeHHaSI 113 Mo.n.yneii cxeMa .lleMOHCTpaUI1I1 COOTBeTCTBOBa-
JIa C06p3HHOMY B pe3ynbTaTe YCTJ)OMCTBY. TaKllM 06pa30M, BHeIIIHl1e coe-
,IU1HeHfUI He06xoJUIMbi TOJIbKO )l,JISI no.n;KJIIOQeHIDI lfCTOQHI1Ka nMTaHII51
H 3neKTpOM3MepMTeJIbHbIX npH6opOB.
O.llMH If3 OCHOBHbIX ::meMeHTOB KOMnneKTa - MO):(yJIb, fIpe,n,CTaBJISIeT
C060H Kopo60 JI(Y pa3MepoM 80 x 80 x 30 MM, BblnOJIHeHHYIO 113 np03pa':l-
HOro yn:aponpOqHOrO nOJIIICrnpOJla. B l1HO Kopo60QKJ1 BBepHYTbl JlaT)'H-
HbIe IllTblplI, IIOCpel1CTBOM KOTOpbIX MO.uyJIb KpenMTCSI Ha CTeMe. OHM )ICe
5lBJHllOTCSI TOKOBe.nyLl.(MMII 3neMeHTaMlf, 06eCneQIIBalOIl(HMI1 COOTBeTCT-
__ YHJ1BEPCAJlbHbIE KOMnJ1EKTbl
BYlOlI(Me JICKTPUqeCKJ1e COe.lU1HeHI1R, He06xo,lU1MLJe LUISI C60PK11 CXeM-
KpenJIeHUe IlITblpeit «nJIaBalOlUee», QTO o6eCne'll1BaeT HaJ1.e)JiliOe M 6bICT-
poe COe,D;I1HeHllC MO.l1YJIeil C rHe3.IXaMM CTeH.n;a 6e3 CKOJIbKO- Hu6Yllb cyme-
CTBeHHOlf JIe<})OpMaUIUr Kopnyca MO.nyJISI. Ha rrepeJIHei1 naHCJIM MOllYJISI
HaHeCeHO rpa<pMQeCKOe M306pIDKeHUe 3JIeMeHTa, HaxoLlSIll.{eroc BHyrpJI
MOJ.IY1TSI. qacTh 3JIel\1feHTOB, HanpMMep. JIaMrrbI HaKaJIMBaHI1.5I U CneTO.n;UOll,
BbIHeCeHhI HenOCpeJICTBeHHO Ha nepen;HIOIO naHeJIb MOJIYJISI. np03pa'lHhIH
Kopnyc MO.rryJISI rr03BOJISIeT yqaIII.UMCSI npl1 He06xol1HMOCTI1 paCCMOTpeTb
::meMeHTbI, HaXOJISIIIJJJeCR B HeM. Bce MOJ1.YJIM }leJISITCSI Ha J{Be rpynnbI: MO-
DYJIH, co.n;ep)l(aIUue c06CTBeHHO 3JIeMeHTbI, M MO.nyJIM-COe,lI}IHMTenl1 (npSI-
fOH, yrJIOBOH, T-06pa3HbIM 11 T.n.).
,L(JUI IIOL(IOIIOQeHI1S1 3JIeKTp0l13MCpJITeJTbHhIX rrpl160pOB I1CIIOJIb3yroTCR
rrpu60pHbIe Mo.uynll.
L(.rIR 3JIeKTpOIII1TaHUSI BO BCCX KOMIIJIeKTax HCnOJIb3yeTcR HH3KOBOJIbT-
HbIM I1MnynbcHbIil 6JIOK III1TaHHSI (ETIH), BbInOJIHeHHbIll Ha COBpeMeH-
HOll 3JIeMeHTHOH 6a3e.
TeXHWleCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH BTIH
1) BbIXOl1 «2-20 B»: cTa6lIJIU3l1pOBaHHoe Hanp5DKeHI1e rrOCTORHHoro TO-
Ka, perynllpyeMoe OT 2 JIO 20 B; HOMHHaTlbHaSI Cl1JIa TOKa 3 A; ClIJTa TOKa
orpaHI1QeHlfSI 4 A:, nyJIbCalJ,I1l1 HanpIDKeHMSI He 60JIee 50 MB; npOnOJI-
}f{MTenbHOCTb HenpepbIBHoti pa60TbI 30 MUH.
2) BbIXOL( «2 B, 30 A» (ucnOJIb3yeTcR B .n;eMoHcTpallJ1S1x no :::meKTpOMar-
HMTHbIM SIBJIeHIffiM): HanpIDKeHl1e 2 B (He HopMlIpyeTCH) npu CllJIC TO-
Ka 30 + 3 (A) Ha HarpY3Ke COrrpOTI1BJIerUleM 0,05 OM; npOLlO.JDKllTeJIb-
HOCTb HerrpepbIBHOM pa60TbI 30 c.
3) BbIXO.n: <JIaMna 12 B»: HarrpSI}I(eHUe 12 B nepeMeHHoro TOKa )J)UI
BKJUOQeHJUI ra.rroreHHoll JIaMIIbI (12 B, 5 A); npO.D:O.TDKI1TeJIbHOCTb He-
/' rrpepbIBHoll pa60TbT 30 MUH.
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4) HanpIDKeHl1e nUTaHUR 220 + 22 (B). nOTpe6JHleMaH MOlI.(HOCTb He 60-
\ JIee 80 BT.
,
\ 5) fa6aplITHbIe pa3MepbI npu60pa 230 X 120 X 220 MM. Macca He 60-
"'::'">nee 5 Kr.
\
J(J1R 113MepeHHH ClIJIbI nOCToHHHOro TOKa M nOCToHHHOro HanpH)KeHMR,
a Ta e 3neKTpllQeCKorO COnpOTI1BneHHSI B KOMnneKTe HCnOJIb3yeTcH
npH60p nKU C lf3MepJITeJlbHbIM npeo6pa30BaTeJIeM R-MeTP-
B pe)lGfMe 113MepeHJfSI nOCTOSIHHoro TOKa nKU UMeeT CJle.nyIOlllue
xapaKiepUCTI1KH: IIpe.n;eJIbI 113MepeHlliI HanpSl)KeHI1R nOCTOSlHHoro TOKa
+ 120 B; rrpe.ueJIbI M3MepeHIDJ CUJIbl nOCTOHHHoro TOKa + 5 A; HH.n;MKau.JfR
H3MepHeMoro rrapaMe'Tpa 3 .n:eCSITl1QHbIX pa3pMa; norpelliHOCTb H3Mepe-
HIDI He 60JIee 2 ellMHHU MJIMllierO pa3p5l1la.
YH Bepcal1bHble KOMnneKTbl mI
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Oco6eHHOCTblO pa60Tbi nKU B pe)J(IlMe H3MepeHM$I nOCTOHHHbIX TO-
KOB M HanpIDKeHIIti RBjJSICTCH B03MO)KHOCTb Ol1HOBpeMeHHOrO H3MepeHIUI
Cl1JIbI TOKa II HanpffiKeHHSI, qTO .ueJIaeT B03MO)l(HbIM CH${Tl1e pa3JIMQHbIX
BOJIbT-aMnepHbIX XapaKTepMCTHK.
B COy.eTaHMH C R - MeTPOM KU CI1- 3 HMeeT QeTblpe .D:nana30Ha 113Mepe-
HIHI conpOTMBJIeHHSI C aBTOM8TI1QeCKHM BbI6opOM: 120 OM, 1,2 KOM
12 KOM, 120 KOM. llorpelliHocTb H3MepeHllSI He 60JIbllle 1 %.
1) 6030BbiU HOMnJleHm npe.IJ;Ha3Ha"IeH ,lJ,JUI M3Y'leHH$I nOCTOSIHHoro
3JIeKTpHQeCKOrO noJUI 3JIeKTpWlecKHx u:ene:H rrOCTOflHHoro TOKa, 3aKOHa
OMa MR ytlacTKa Uenl1l1.D)UI nOJIHOR l1.enH.
KOMITJIeKT MCnOJIb3YeTCH WIR npoBe.ueHIDl cne.n:YIOIIlHx neMoHcTpauHti:
c60pKa 3neKl'pMlleCKOR lJ,enH; npMHl(l1n JIetiCTBMSI aMnepMeTpa; II3Mepe-
HMe CMJIbI TOKa aMnepMel'pOM; BBe.lIeHMe nOHSITMSI HanpIDKeHHfI; npHHUMII
LleHcTBIDI BOJIbTMeTpa; M3MepeHMe HanpIDKeHI1H BOJIbTMeTpoM; H3MepeHHe
corrpOTHBJICHHSI npOBO.IJ;HIIKa C nOMOIllblO aMnepMeTpa H BOJIbTMe1pa; II3-
MepeHl1e conpOTMBJIeHI1SI npOBOl1HI1Ka C nOMOII(blO M3Mepl1TeJISI conpo-
TIIBJIeHHSI (R -MeTpa); 3aBMCMMOCTb corrpOTMBJIeHMSI npOBO.IJ;HI1Ka OT .lJ)l11-
HbI II IIJIOII(MM nOnepeQHOrO CeqeHI1R; YCTpOHCTBO M npIIHuHn .n:eHcTBlliI
peocTaTa; nOCJIenOBaTeJIbHOe coeLlHHeHMe npOBOl1HMKOB; conpOTMBJIeHMe
npOBo HMKOB npM nOCJIe}lOffilTeJIbHOM coen:HHeHMM; rraparrJIeJIbHOe co-
e,D,MHeHl1e npOBO.D.HHKOB; conpOTMBJIeHMe npoBo):(HHKOB rrpl1 napaJIJIeJIb-
HOM coe.n:IIHeHnII; 3aKOH OMa .ZI:llil yqaCTKa uenll; 3aKOH OMa JU151 BceiI l1.e-
nH; HarpeBaHMe npOBOl1HI1KOB 3JIeKTpM1:lecKHM TOKOM; 113MepeHlle MOIll-
HOCTM, rroTpe6Jl5IeMOR HarpeBareJIbHbUI nplI60poM; .D.eHCTBIie TIJIaBKOrO
npe.uoxpaHMTeJIH npM KOpOTKOM 3aMbIKaHMH; CBO:HCTBa p-n-nepexo.D.a;
no.nynpoBOJIHI1KOBLIll .D:HOJI; Ol1HOCTOpOHHIDI npOBo.D.HMOCTh no.rryrrpoBO.lI.-
HMKOBOro JJ;HOJIa; 3aBllCI1MOCTL cOnpOTllBJIeHIDI MeTaJlJIa OT TeMnepaTypbI;
3aBMCHMOCTb conpOTHBJIeHMSI rrOJIynpOBO.D.HHKa OT TeMneparypbl.
KOMllJIeKT (pMC. 5.6, a) COCTaBJISIIOT: CTeH)], (Ha6opHoe none); cTollKa;
KOfo.tnJIeKT Mo.uyJIei1 (28 IllT.): MOlXYJIM COC.D.lIHHTCnbHbIe - KOHueBoH, npn-
MOR, yrJIOBOJ1, T-06pa3HbI:ll, npu60pHbIfi (16 IIIT.); MO JII1 S 3JIeMeHTaMH: -
pe3MCTopbI conpOTHMeHHflMI1 10M, 5 OM, 10 OM II 20 OM, JIaMIIa HaKa-
JIIIBaHHSI 6,3 B/O,3 A, JIaMna HaKaJUIBaHMSI 220 B/60 BT, KJIIO'l, KHonKa,
JlHOlX, CBeTOLlIlOA, peOCTaT conpOTMBJIeHHeM 100M, KOHll.eHCaTOp eMKO-
CTblO 2000 MK<D; rrpl160p «ConpOTI1B.TleHHC npOBOlIHMKa»; CnHpaJIb (HM-
XpOM); CnMpaJIh Ha KOJIO.D.Ke (CTaJIb); TepMOpe3l1CTOp Ha KOJIOLlKe; KOMn-
JIeKT npOBO.D,OB (10 lllT.); npoBOlX cereBOR C BMJIKOll; H3MepIITeJIbHbIH npe-
o6pa30BaTeJIb R -Me-rp.
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M3 H30JUIllJ10HHOrO MaTepHaJIa, Ha KOTOpyro HaKJIeeHhI nOJIOCKH npOBO.uSI-
rneH 6YMarl1. nonocKH HMelOT OTnI1QaIOlll.YlOcSI B 2 pa3a )J,JlIlBY Ii lllnpHH
Ha naHeJIb TalOKe HaKJIeeHa nOJIOCKa aJIlOMMHHeBOH .pOJIbnl, llMelOll.{ag
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OHHOM CTeHJIe c06paHa uerrh.D.JISI I1CCJICJIOBaHI151 3aBMCMMOCfH CHJ1bl TOKa,
rrpOXOMll.(CrO Qepe3 pC3UCTOp, OT HanpSDKeHHSI Ha He f; na CTOJlC nepe.a
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WISI !!3YQeHIDI CB060.il.HbIX M BblH eHHbIX 3JIeKTpOMarHRTHblx KOJTe6a-
HRM M nCpe feHHOrO TOKa.
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11 KI1; 3aBI1CI1MOCTb eMKOCTHoro conpOTHBJIeHl1H OT 'laCTOTbJ nepeMeH-
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TOKa.
D:aHHbIH K01vIITJ1eKT (pMC. 5.7) COCTaBJIRIOT: reHepaTop IIM3KOQaCTOT-
Hblfi; 311eKTpl1'leCKl1C MOJIYJIff: MIIlIYKTMBHOCTh, Ha60p eMKocTeH, Ha60p
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BOH) reHepaTOp.
TeXHWlecKHe xapaKTepUCTItKH reHepaTOpa
I) Ltnana30H reHepMpYCMblX qaCTOT 20 ru - 20 Kfu.
2) HarrpIDKeHlfe rrl1TaHHSI 220 B; BbIXO.D.HaSI MOIUHOCTb 8 BT.
3) MaKCMMaJIbHOe BbIXOJIHOe HarrpSDKeHMe Ha HarpY3Ke COnpOTI1BJIe-
HHCM 4 OM - 5 B.
ITpu60p cHa6)f(eH IJ:HQ>POBbIM I1H.l1.MKaTOpOM qaCTOTbI. BblxoJI I1pu6opa
lfMeeT 3aru:HTY OT neperpY3KM 11 KopoTKoro 3aMblK8HUSI. feHeparop MO)l(eT
pa60TaTb KaK Ha BHelllHlO1O aKycTUqecKYIO crrCTeMY, TaK U Ha BCTpOeHHbIR
rpOMKorOBOpIITeJIb. npII Heo6xo.D.UMOCTM rrpM60p MO]KeT MCnOJIb30BaTbCR
KaK YCUJJMTeJIb HJf3KO:ll (3ByKOB0i1) qaCTOTbI C .D.ByMSl pa311eJIbHbIMI1 BXO,lLa-
MM - MIIKpO<}JOHHbIM H JIIIHeliHbIM (QYBCTBI1TeJlbHOCTb OK9JIO 100 MB). :--
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TOp - YCHJII1TeJIb). BHYTPM KroK,1J,oro LIIIana30Ha B03MO)f(Ha llJIaBHa5I pe-
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nepeMeHHbIX Cl1rHaJIOB npOlfCXO):{5.IT 6e3 nponyCKaHIUi nOCTOHHHOM CO-
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JIbi MeHbllIHX qaCTOT He nponycKalOTcSI pa3.D:CJIJITeJIbHhIM KOH,UeHcaropOM.
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HaqeH ll1IH 113yqeHHSI npl1HUl1nOB PaIIHonepellaqlllI paIIl10nplieMa.
KOMllJIeKT llCnOJIb3YlOT )J)UI npOBClleHI1SI CJle.l(yJOIllI1X .l1eMOHCTp a U I1M :
nonyqeHl1e 3JIeKTpOMarHI1THbIX KOJIe6aHI1M HII3K0i1 (3BYKOBOif) qaCTO-
TbI; nOJlyqeHHc 3JIeKTpOMarHllTHbIX KOJle6aHHH BbICOKOM t.laCTOTbI; 3anHCb
3BYKOBblX KOJIc6aHI1M c nOMOll(bIO MI1KpO OHa; CJIO)l(eHlle KOJIe6aHliH
Ha JlI1HeHHOM COnpOTI1BnCHHH; nOJIyqeHllC OJJ:HOTOHaJIhHO MOD:YJll1pOBaH-
HbIX KOJIe6aHJIi1; nOJIytleHHc \.fO.nyJll1pOBaHHbIx KOJIe6aHJIM C nOMOI.IJ;blO
MI1KpO OHa; npl1eM aMIIJIHTY):{HO-MODYJIHpOBaHHbix KOJIe6aHI1M; pOOb ):{e-
TeKTopa npH npl1eMe aMnJIHT)'.l1HO- MonyJIHpOBaHHbIx KOJIe6aHI1H; BbIlleJle-
Hl1e Hll3KOQaCTOTHhIX KOJIe6aHI1R II pOJIb eMKOCTIi KOH):{eHcaTopa B 3TOM
npouecce.
I K01ffiJIeKT (pl1c. 5.8) COCTaBJuiIOT: reHeparop BbICOKOM qaCTOTbI (rBq);
I reHepaTOp HI13KOM t.laCTOTbI (fHq); MOllynHTOp (M); YCl1JlllTCJIb MOIllHOC-
TI1 MO.lIYJIHpOBaHHblX KOJIe6aHI1H (YM), cOBMemeHHbIM C BbIXOJJ.HbIM KOH-
TypOM nepenaTqlIKa (qaCTOTa 100 Kfu); BXO.D:HOH KOHTYP n:eTCKTopHoro
np}1eMHHKa; lleTeKTopHaSl SIqeHKa C Ha6opoM eMKocTeM; MO.uyJIb aKTI1BHbIX
(nI1HemlbIx) conpOTMBJIeHI1M (AC); MMKpO<);>OH C YCIillIlTeJIeM; MOlIYJIb
T -06pa3HbIM (2 IllT.); npOBo,Ua COe,Dl1HllTeJIbHhle.
\- DjuI pa60TbI KOMIIJICKTa He06xon:llMbI: CTCHa H3 6a:oBoro KOMIlJl.eKTa
( no 3JIeKTJ)O.D:I1HaMI1Ke, 6JIOK nl1TaHIDI HH3KOBOJIbTHbIH (ETIH), a TaIOKC
, ........
JIro60M Hll3KOqaCTOTHbIH OCl.{HJIJIorpa .
OCHOBHbIMI1 qaCTHMll KOMTIJIeKTa HBJISIIOTCH !-LBa. reHepaTopa, c06paH-
HbIC Ha neqaTHbIX IlJlarnX B CTaH.l1apTHbIx MOllyJI5IX, - reHepaTOp Hlf3KOH
qaCTOTbi (fH1.J) 11 reHepaTop BbICOKOM qaCTOTbI (fBq).
fHq Bhlpa6aTbIBaer On:HOTOHaJIbHhIH Cl1rHaJI qaCTOTOM 1 Kfu If pery-
JIHpyeMoM aMIUII1TY):{oM HanpIDKeHI1Sl B rrpe):{eJIax OT 0,U0 6 B. fB1.J Bblpa6a-
ThIBaeT HarrpIDKeHl1e t.lacTOTOM 50 Kf u, BblXon:HaSI aMnJIl1TYJJ:a KOToporo
TalOKe perYJIMpyeTcSI OT 0 n:o 6 B. Bblxo,UHoe HarrpIDKeHl1e KIDK,[lOrO reHepa-
Topa BbIBe,neHO Ha rnC3JJ:0, pacnOJIo}J(cHHoe Ha JIHueBOM QaCTI1 MOJJ:YJIH.
YH.-,sepcallbHble Ko"'nlleKTbI _
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01' MI1KpOcPOHtl B KOMnJIeKT BXOlIllT MO.uYJIb C 3neKTpeTHbiM MlfKPOcPOHOM
11 YClliIlfTenCM.
BXOllSJIUIiH B COCTaB KOMnJIeKTa MO.n;YJISJTOP I1MeeT .una OTlleJIbHbIX BXO-
.ua.LUISI HJI3KO'laCTOTHOrO 11 BbICOKO'laCTOTHOfO Cl1rHaJIOB. BbIxon:Hoe Ha-
npU)KeHlfe MOllYJISITOpa nO;J,aeTCSI H3 YCHJIMTeJIb MomHOCTII MO.n;YJIllPOB3H-
HblX KOJIe6aHl1ll, COBMemeHHbTH C BblXO,UHbfM KOHTypOM nepe.uaTqHK3, KO-
ropbIM TO)J(e pa3MelI{aeTCSI B OT,lIeJIbHOM MO):{yJIe. nUTaHlie Bcex Mo,nYJ1eM
np0I13BO.lIIITC}1 OT E OH HJII1 OT nlO6oro HCTO'lHI1Ka, 06ecneQunalOlUero
HanpSI}I(eHlIe 22-26 B. Bee MO.lIynl1l1f\'feIOT BCTpoeHHble cTa6lfJTll3aTOpbI
11 3aml1'ry OT HenpanJIJIbHOrO BKJIIOQeHI1SI.
J:LrrSI ,neMOHCTpar:U111 HeB03MO)KHOCTI1 rronY'leHlfSI aMllJII1TY.n;HO- MO.n;y-
JIl1pOBaHHblX KOJIe6aHll.M nyreM npocToro CnO)KeHJISI CllfHaJIon Ha pe3MC-
Tope B KOMllJIeKT BXO,UI1T MO.[{yJIb 3KTI1BHbIX (J1I1HeHHbIX) conpOTl'JBneHI1M.
Ha nl1ueByIO tIacTb MO.[{yneil HaHeceHbl CPYHKIU10HaJlbHbIe ycnoBHbTe
0603Hat.leHI1SI.
npl1eMHaSI tIacTb KOMllJIeKTa npen:CTaBJISleT C060M ,UeTeKTOpHbIM np!I-
eMHI1K, c06paHHbiM B CllBoeHHOM Mo,nyne. npJIeMHI1K cHa6)J(eH rHe3,aaMIi
JL7ISI no.uKJIIOQeHI1SI OCIUlnJIo.rpacpa H nonyqeHuH OClll1J1JIorpaMM B Han60-
JIee xapaKTepHblX TOtIKax. Ha60p KOH.l1eHCaTOpoB pa3JII1"!HOM eMKOCTI1
n03BOJUIeT no.uqepKHYTb pOJIb rrpaBHHbHo no,n06paHHoro KOH):{eHcaropa
rrpl1 KOHcTPYMpoBaHJII1 cplL'1bTpa.
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TEMATHtlECKHE
HABOPLI
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5.3 4.4.75 3JIeKTpO teTpbl C npHHa.n;.ne:>KHOCTHMH (napa) 300
5.4 LICMOHCTpau.110HHblH Ha60p no ::meKTpOm'iHa fI1Ke 301
5.5 3.19 TpaHc<popMarop YHI1HepCaJIbHbltt 303
5.6 4.4.11 KO HUIeKThI IIpl160pOB ,QJUI )J,e fOHCTpal.{IUI 304
CBOIiCTB 3JICKTPO mrHI1THbIX BOJIH C I1CIIO.iIb30Ba-
HI1CM rCHcpaTopa Ha JI.l1o.n;e faHHa
5.7 4.4.11 KOMIUleKT IIpIf6opOB Ha OCHOBe reHepaTopa 308
Y.J:bTpaBblcoKOH t.J:aCTOTbI rom OlibITOB C 3JICKTpO-
MarHI1T1lbIMJ.1 BOJ1HaMIi (H)
I
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npneJ.m 11 Pa.I1I10IIcpe.n.al.JJ.1
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Ma 11 paaHOnepeJIaqli
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\.
TeMant eCKMe Ha60pDl _
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( 4.4.75) 3ne1<TpOMeTpbI
C npWHap)le>KHOCT.HMI1 (napa)
3JIeKTpOMeTpbT rrpenHa3HaqeHhI .lLJISI npOBe):{eHHSI .n:eMOH-
CTpaL{nH no 3JIeKTpOCTaTHKe: 06Hap}SKeHJIe 3JIeKTpl1QeCKHX 3apHllOB; pac-
rrpcneneHHe 3apMOB Ha nOBepXHOCTH rrpOBO,D,HI1Ka; .ueJII1MOCTh 3JIeKTpH-
'leCKOro 3apHlJ,a; 113MepeHI1e pa3HOCTI1 nOTeHl.{HaJIOB; 3JIeKTpOCTaTJ{qeCKa
I1HJJYKllIUI; 3JIeKTpHQeCKaSI eMKOCTh IUlOCKOro KOII.I:(eHCaTopa.
D:aHHhIH KOMrrJICKT (pl1c. 5.9) COCTaBJUllOT: lIBa 3JIeJ<Tp0l\-ieTpa; TpH rro-
RhIX MeTaJIJIJflleCKHX mapa (lIBa o.l1l1HaKOBhIX 60JIbIIIOrO .D.l1aMeTpa H 01111H
Marroro); lIBa KOH):{eHcaTopHbIX 1II1CKa; }IBa OCTpI1SI; rrp06HbiM maplIK
11 rrpOBO):{HHK Ha H30JIHPYlOIlll1X pyqKax.
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pH1IeCKOH cpOpMhl; rrJIaCTMaCCOBOM nOlICTaBKJ1 co CTOHKOti:; l\-1eTaJIJIHQe-
CKoro crep)I(HSI H CTPenKJ1.
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B HIDKHeH em QaCTJI YCTaHOBJIeHa IIIKaJIa C 11eJIeHHSIMH 6e3 OI..Ll1cppOBKH.
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IIIapa He Gonee 50 MM, KOH.D:CHCaTOpHbIX .l1MCKOB He GOJIee 100 r...lM,
np06Horo luapHKa He 6o.nee 22 MM.
2) lI,JruHa npoBoJ(HI1Ka Ha 1130JII1PYIOIUcn pyqKe He MeHee 280 l\.fl\L
3) fa6apl1THbIe pa3MepbI Ka}KJlOro 3JTeKTpOMeTpa He 60nee 205 x 160 x
x 360 MM; Macca KOMIIJIeKTa 3JTeKTpOMeTpOB C rrpHHa,IlJIe:>KHOCnl!\U1
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paUllH HBJleHllH pe30HaHca B napaJIJIeJIbHOM KOJIc6aTeJIbHOM KOHT)'pC; lle-
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3HCTopa KaK YClUII1TeJISI.
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5.5. (3.19) TpaHcc}>opMaTop YHwBepcanbHbIi1
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CJleJJ;OBaHl1e MarHI1THbIX CBOHCTB BeIl{eCTBa; cnoc06bI nonY'leHIUI I1H.aYK-
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nell nepeMeHHoro TOKa, co):{epJKaml1X I1H.aYKTI1BHYIO HarpY3KY; cnoGo)),-
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TpaHc<popMaTopa; HCCJIe.nonaHJ1C pa60TbI TpaHc<popMaTopa B pa3JII1QHbIX
pe}KHMaX; pOJIb 06paTHoiI CBSI3H n pa60Te TpaHccpopMaTopa; ,D,eHCTBYlOlllaH
Mon.eJIb CBapOqHOm TpaHc<pop'-1aTOpa.
TpaHc<popMaTOp YHIIBepCaJIbHbIH (pl1c. 5.11) COCTaBillllOT CJlenYIOIUl1e
OCHOBHbIe QaCTI1 n .l10nOJIHI1TeJlhHbIe ,D,eTaJlI1. MarHI1TOnpOBoLI, Ha6paH-
HbI:H 113 llJIaCTI1H ::meKTpOTeXHI1'leCKOH CTMI1, 3a 1bIKaCTCSI HpMO f, OAna
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nOJIb30BaHMe!t.{ JIUIIOJIbHOJ1 aHTeHHbI
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CTaBY KOHCTpYKTIIBHOMY llCnOJIHeHIUO llep)KaTeJIelll1 IlITaTIIBOB.
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+
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llplfeMHI1K C pynopHo:ti aHTeHHofi +
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npl13Ma npnMoyrOJ1bHaH + -
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nOJlHeHbI OT.D:eJIbHO OT 3JleKTPOHHbIX 6JIOKOB, ror.n:a KaK B KOMruIeKTe NQ 2
OHII ofuenllHCHbJ.
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HIITHblX BOJIH OCHOBaHO Ha 3q,q,eKTe faHHa - HBJIeHMII reHepaIJ.1l1l BbICO-
KOqaCTOTHbIX KOJle6aHMM 3JIeKTpII'leCKOrO TOKa B nOJIynpoBO.D:HMKe, 0611a-
):{aJOlI.{eM BOJIbT-aMnepHoit xapaKTepl1c:rIIKoit N -o6pa3HoM <pOPMbI. 3TOT
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HOM B ] 963 r. Ha pHCYHKe 5.13 npl1Be.n.eHa 3aBJIClIMOCTb rurOTHOCTII TOKa}
OT HanpIDKeHHOCTI1 3JIeKTpllQeCKOrO nOJIll E.
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I U, npllJIO:>KeHHoe K nOJIyrrpoBO):{HIIKOBOMY 06pa3 )J)lIIHOfi I, TaKOBO, q:!'O
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= ' 3aKJIIOQeHO B HeKOTopbIX npellenax E 1 < E < E 2 , orpaHUQMNUOlUHX
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CTCHKaMI1 rrpHMoyrOJlbHOrO BOJIHOBo):{a ncpe):{a'flU1Ka. O,aHH KOHeu BOJlHO-
Bo):{a 3aKOpO'leH, a BTOpofi nepeXO):{JIT B pyrrOPHYIO aHTeHHy..
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pe.n:aT'II1Ky: Me)l([(Y 1l1IIpOKM fII CTeHKaMI1 BOJIHOBo):{a, B KOTOpbIR nepe-
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):{I10,lJ,.
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Ta nepc.aaTIII1Ka nepBoro KOMnJIeKTa 10 rrU. + 60 Mfu, BToporo
KOMllJIeKTa 11,0 + ],1 (rfu)
5.7. ( 4.4.11) KOMnne1<T TIpltt60pOB Ha OCHOBe
reHepaTopa ynbTpaBbIcoKoi1 qaCTOTbI )J.nfl OTIbITOB
C 3neKTpOMarHlttTHbIM11 BOnHaMltt 1 (H)
KOMTIJIeKT 06eCneQlIBaCT 3KCnCpl1MeHTaJIbHOe n:OKa3a-
TeJIbCTBO cyru:eCTBOBaHII$I 3JIeKl'pOMarHIITHblX BOJIH, 113yqcHIIe HX <pH311-
qeCKMX CBOHCTB II 03HaKOMneHHe yqaIUl1xcSI C B03MO)J(HOCTRMM npaKTI1QC-
CKOro rrpI1MeHeHJI$I 3JleKTPOMarHI1THOrO H3JIyqeHll5I. OCHOBHbIM 3JICMeH-
TOM KOMnJIeKTa S!BJISIeTCH reHepaTOp YJIbTpaBbICOKOH 'IaCTOTbl (YBll),
KOTOPbIM <l>aK11ftleCKJI SJBJI$IeTCSI rrpe06pa30BaTeJIeM nepeMeHHoro HanpSl-
)KCHI1R qaCTOTOH 50 ru B nepCMeHHoe HanpIDKeHl1e QaCTOTO:H 430 Mfu.
MCnOJIb3YR reHepaTOp, MO>KHO pa3pa60TaTb TaKYIO MeTo,aJIKY, B KOTOPOH
113yqeHI1e 3JICKTpOMarnIITHoro JI3JIyqeHMSI $IM5IeTCSI HenocpelICTBeHHbIM
npO):{OJDKCHl1eM H3yqeHMH <p113I1QeCKI1X fIBJIeHllH B ucnSIX nepeMeHHoro
TOKa.
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npOBO.lI. .wm Coe.lI.IIHeHl1fI reHepaTopa C nOTpc611TeJIRMM TOKa YB'lJ; 113J1Y-
QalOlI(l1H ):{JInOJIb H3 .lIBYX TeJICCKOnH'IeCKHX aHTeHH; npJIeMHblH JJ;HnOJIb
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<popMlIpyeMblH II3 3aKpbITOro B OTKPbITbIH; nonHplI3aIlIlOHHaSJ pCIlleTKa
pa360pHM; ruIOCKIIH KOH.I:1eHCaTop pa3MepOM 120 x 400 MM pa360PHbIM
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Ha$I JII1HI1R pa360pHaH; npJICMHbIM ):{lInOJIb C JIaMnOtJ.KOH M$I .n:eMOHCTPa-
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] OnMcaHHe 11 OTorpa<l>MI1 BbIno.s'lHeHbI B. B. Mai1epoM.
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D.IDI lXeMoHCTpaU1l11 O'rpa:>KeHIISI; MeTaJIJIIIqeCKasI nJIaCTMHa pa3MepOM
30 x 400 MM .D.IDI .n:eMOHCTpaUI1I1 .l111 paKUI1I1.
B KaqeCTBeHHblX .n:eMoHCTpaUI10HHb!X 3KCnepl1MeHTaX KOMillIeKT npn-
60pOB )J,JUI OnbITOB C 3JleKTpOMarHJITHbIMI1 BOJIHaMII I1CnOJIb3yeTcSI npl1
113YQeHlll1 cJIe,aYIOll.l.l1x gBJIeHMM: cymeCTBonaHHe TOKa CMem:eHMSI; ,aOKa3a-
TeJIbCTBO CYIUeCTBOBaHIDI MarHI1THoro non$! TOKa CMeII.I.eHIDl; 3JIeKTpI1Qe-
CKoe n MarHMTHOe nOJIS! n 3aKpblToM KOJIe6aTeJIbHOM KOHrype; 3JleKTPO-
MarHJITHOe 113JlyqeHJIe npl1 nepexo.n.e OT 3aKpbIToro K OTKpbITOMY KOJIe6a-
TenbHOMY KOHrypy; BOJIHOBOH xapaKTep 3JIeKTpOl\mrHHTHoro l13JlyqeHI1H;
l13JIY1IeHHe nOJIYBOJIHOBbIM lll1nOJIeM; pacnpocTpaHeHIIe 3JIeKTpOMarHI1T-
, ROM BOJlHb!; norrepe'lHOCTb 3JIeKTpOMarHlfTHOH BOJIHbI, OTcyrcTBl1e npo-
\ JJ;OllbIThIX COCTaBJUlIOIUMX 3JI KIJnlQe KOrO II MarHllTHoro nOJlei1; ncpeHOc
3HcprnH 3JIeKTJ)OMarHlITH0I1 BOJIHOM; nOrJlOIUeHJIe; 3aTyxaHlIe; OTpa)l(e-
IIe;npeJIOMJIeHJIe;I1HTep epeHUHSI;JJ;ll paKUIISI;nOJIHpM3aUHSI;1111cnep-
CI1$!; cTOSlQaSI BOJIHa n B03,ayxe; CTOH1:IaSI BOJIHa B BOlle; pacnpOCTpaHeHl1e
r 31IeKTpOMarHHTHOll BOJIHbI B .n:ByxrrpOBO):{HOfi JIMHIIM; B1l3ya.TIJI3aUIDl3JIeK-
TpOMarHlfTHOH BOJlHbI JIJOMHHeCUeHTHOll JIaMnofi; nepeJJ;a'la MHc:PopMa-
\ UI1H IIocpellCTBOM 3JIeKTpOMarHI1THOrO H3JIyqeHllg II T. 11.
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'- KOMnJIeKTa MO)KHO lICCJIe.nOBaTb M 113Mepl1Tb: pe30HaHCHYJO qaCTOTY 113JIY-
1:IaIOlI{erO 11 npHeMHoro n:llnOJJSI; LUII1HY BOJIHbI 3JIeKTpOMarHllTHoro 1I3JIY-
'IeHMH B B031lyxe; IDII1HY BOJIHbI 3JIeKTPOMarHI1THOrO 113JTyqeHHSI B BOJJ;e;
):{l1arpaMMY HanpaBJIeHHOCTll ll:myqaTemI; 3aBI1CI1MOCTh IIHTeHCI1BHOCTM
npMHMMaeMOM BOJIHbI OT yrJIa Me)l(,[ly l13.JIY1:falOIl1M M 11 npl1eMHbIM .n:MrrOJIH-
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T eXHOJIOrl11O npOBe.n.eHI1SI ):{eMOHCTpaUl1l1 C KOMllJIeKTOM nOKIDKeM Ha
npMMepe 3KcnepMMeHTaJIbHOrO .uOKa3aTeJIbCTBa CyJl(eCTBOBaHIDl MarHI1T-
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'"""
,.
PltC. 5.15
Onblm 1. BHaqaJIe nOKa3bIBaIOT, qTO BHTOK C JlaMrrO:H HaKaJIHBa-
HIUI 5IBJUleTCSI IIIf,.QHKaTopOM nepeMeHHoro MarnHTHoro nOJI5I. .lJ.;IJI 3Toro
K npoBon:aM OT reHepaTopa nOD,KJIIOqaIOT 113.JIy1:IalOJ..U.I1H BI1TOK, K HeMY
npH6JIIDKaIOT BI1TOK C JIaMnOM ,n:o Tex nop, nOKa OHa He 3arop11TCR. 06'b$IC-
HRIOT pe3YJlbTaT onhITa HBJIeHHeM 3JIeKTpOMarHMTHOR I1H,IJ,YKIJ:HI1: 3JIeKT-
pl1'leCKHH TOK, HJIYII(MM no I13JlYl.IaIOrn:eMy BI1T nopO}J(,[{aeT nepeMeHHoe
MafHl1THoe nOJIe, KOTopoe rrpOHI13bIBaeT BI1TOK C JIaMnO:H 11 I1 HpyeT
B HeM 3JIeKTpWleCKH:H TOK, BbI3bIBalOmIIR 3aropaHIIe JIaMnbI. Qro6bJ TIO-
BbICWfb y6e.n.HTeJIbHOCTb 3Toro BbIBo,n:a, no OCI1 BHTKOB BBO,Z:{HT <t>eppII-
TOBblM cepn:e'IHHK C 60JIbIllOH MarHIITHoii npOHHuaeMOCThIO (pIIC. 5.15)
II .neMoHcTpMpyroT YBeJIl1'IeHIIe HaKaJIa JIaMnbi. neJIalOT BbIBOJJ:, lITO BIITOK,
3aMKHYTbiM Ha JIaMny HaKarrI1BaHIDI, neMCTBlITeJIbHO MO)KeT 6bITb MCnOJIb-
30BaH B Ka'leCTBe 11H,IJ,I1Karopa nepeMeHHoro MarHHTHoro nOJI5I.
Onblm 2. C06M})a1OT 3KcrrepHMeHTaJIbHyro YCTaHoB rroKa3aHHYlO
CXeMaTM'lHO Ha pMCYHKe 5.16, a. Ha pl1CyH:Ke 5.16, 6 npIIBe.neHhI rpa<}>l1-
KM pacrrpe.n.eJIeHIDI 3JleKTPI1QeCKoro 11 MarHlITHoro nOJIeii BllOJIb IDlaCTIfH
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cToitKax KpenRT ,n:lOparreBble IIJIaCTHHbI KOH,I(eHcaTOpa 11 06hI'lHbIM rH6-
KI1M ,D.B}')OKI1JlhHbIM rrpOBO,Z:{OM 3JIeKTporrpl16opOB coe,Z:{I1HHIOT C HHMI1 re-
HepaTOp.
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B BH.l1e pSIlla rraparrJIeJIbHblX npHMbIX JIHHHM.
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2) Macca npM60pa HC 60nec 1,5 Kf.
,nJISI npOBenemUI .uCMoHcTpall:nR Hco6xonHMo CJIe.nYIOll.(ee nOnOJIHH-
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3JIeKTpOMeTp 5.3.
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11 pa60TbI KOHJJ.CHCaTOpa nepeMeHHoM eMKOCTM.
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3) Macca He 60nee 1,2 Kr.
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$ePPoMarHIITHbIe cTpeJ1Kll ,WIHHOH 12 MM Ka)l([(a51. Bce OHII XOpOlllO OPH-
_.-
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OTAeJ1bHble npi-l6opbl l1li
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Ha <l)OTOrpaqnIM (CM. pnc. 5.36) Mo.neJIb co6paHa lIJIH lleMOHCTpaUJfM
MarHJfTHOrO nOJISI ,nyroo6pa3Horo MarHMTa, KOTopbrfi pa3MelliCH B ueHTpe
MOllenM. BHM3Y Ha Q:>oTorpa<lnul rrOKa3aHa CMeHHa51 (mecTaSl) llJIaCTIfHa.
npl1 ,n:eMOHCTpaUl1H MarnMTHoro nOJIH nOJIOCOBOro MarHIITa llyroo6-
pa3HbIH MarHMT 3aMeHSJeTC$l rr01l0COBblM M BCTaBmIeTCSJ CMeHHaSJ rrnac-
TllHa.
5.25. (4.4.29) Mo;n.enb CTPYKTYPbI (j>eppoMarHeTltl1<a
Mo.neJIb npellHa3HaQeHa rum lIeMOHC'l'paUl1M 06pa30Ba-
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1Ia M YCTaHOBJTeHHblMn Ha HeM 15 MarHHTHbIMM CTpeJIKaMlI Ha OCTpII$lX.
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C nOMoIl.{bJO KOJI,OCKona 2.1 (4).
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3BOHOK npe.n;Ha3Ha'IeH ,WUI .neMOHCTJ)aUJIH rrpliMeHeHJIR
::meJITpOMarHnTa B TeXHWICCKlIX YCTPOMCTBax; 113YQeHMSJ OCHOBHbIX 3JIC-
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lID OTAEJlbHblE np 60Pbl
3YeTCSI B KaqeCTBe HCTOtIHI1Ka 3BYKa B AeMOHCTpaUMM: pacnpOCTPaHeHl1e
3BYKOBbiX BOJIH B pa3pC}KeHHOM B03JI:YXC.
no rrpHHUl1ny AeiIcTBMSI npellCTaBJIeHHbrC 3BOHKI1 O'IHOCSITCSI K ::meK-
TpOMeXaHMqeCKMM reHepaTopaM C 06paTHoi1 CBSI3hlO.
1) 380HOIC HO cmoiiHax (pl1c. 5.38, a).
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1) HanpIDKcHHe nHTaHHSI 4,5 + 0,5 (B).
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'Iepe3 15 MHH.
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0,3 Kr.
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lOT npHKJIeeHHble K HHM CTaJIbHbIe ITJIaCTI1HbI, QTO n03BOJISIeT YCTaHaBJIH-
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paBbI IL7IH JII1H3bI II nOJIRpOH.n:OB C OTBepCTMeM .nl1aMeTpOM 45 MM; onpaBa,
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Ha fHe3na «E» H MO)l(eT Ha6JIIOJJ:aTbCSI Ha 3KpaHe OCIJ.HJIJIOrpacl>a MJIll <l>llK-
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OJJ:HOBpeMeHHO C n01lBJIeHMeM MMIIYJIbCa Ha pe311CTOpe HarpY3KII no-
JJ:aeTCH cBeToBoM H 3BYKOBOH CI1THaJIbI CBeTO,l(llO,l(OM H 3BYKOBbIM npeo6-
pa30BaTeneM. Hanp1l)l(eHHe nHTaHHSI npll60pa 42 B.
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3llKe MOryr 6bITb JJ:ocmrHyrbI, eCJIll 06yqeHlle 6a3MPyeTc1I Ha cpl1311QeCKOM
3KcnepMMeHTe.
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<t>ll3IflecKMX SIBJIeHMH M npoueCCOB, M3MepeHIDI cPll3IfleCKllX BeJIll'IllH
M YCTaHOBJIeHllil 3aKOHOB, nO!lTBep)l(,[leHIDI TeopeTWIeCKJfX BbIBOJJ;OB He06-
XOlIHMbl:
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TaJIbHbIX pa60T yqaIIIHMMC1I.
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CTaH,IIapTaMM <t>ll3WIeCKoro 06pa30BaHHSI (c yqeTOM npO$llJIeti), MHHMMY-
MaMM CO,Aep)l((lHHSI, 6a311CHbIMli nporpaMMaMM OCHOBHoro M Cpe!lHerO 06-
! IIIero 06pa30BaHIDI. B OCHOBY oT60pa HOMeHKJIaTypbl 060Py.[(oBaHllH .lI.JUJ
\ OCHOBHOH lIIKOJIbI nOJIO:>KeH CJIe.nyroIIII1H KOHuenTYaJIbHbI:ti no.u;xoJJ:: nOHSJ-
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no.rryqalOT KOHKpeTHblH CMbICJI rrpM YCJIOBMI1, 'ITO C HMMM CB513blBaIOTCH
onpe,AeneHHbIe nplleMbI (cnoc06bI, MeTO,AbI) Ha6J1IOJJ;eHIDI II (HJIll) ll3Me-
peHIIH, MHaqe OHM He cMoryr HaMTM npHMeHeHIDI B HCCJIe.nOBaHMSlX peaJIb-
HbIX 4>M3M'IeCKlfX HBJ1eHllH II npoueCCOB.
\ TIpl1 no.n60pe 060py.nOBaHIDI D.lliI CTaprneH npo<pHJIbHOli lllKOJIbI yqll-
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-- -
"
nepl1MeHTaJIbHOrO no.UTBep:>KJ1eHHSJ 3Mnl1pM'IeCKllX 3aKOHOB H TeOpeTI1'-1e-
CKHX CJIelICTBMH.
B COOTBeTCTBMM C 3TllM no,n:xOlIOM TeXHOJIorMSI BbillBJIeHIDI Heo6xo,AM-
Moro II JJ:OCTaTO'IHOrO yqe6Horo 060PYJJ;OBaHMSI onpen:ellileTCH CJIeAYJOllieH
JIOrWIeCKOH u:enOqKOH: BbI,AeJIeHMe nOIDlTliD B 6a30BbIX nporpaMMax -
onpe,D;eJIeHMe COCTaBa ,AeMOHCTpaUI10HHbIX onblTOB M JIa60paTopHo-npaK-
TWleCKJiX pa60T - orrpeJJ:eJIeHlle COCTaBa yqe6Horo 060PY.[(OBaHMSJ JL]UI I1X
nOCTaHOBKH - HHTerpaUHSI yqe6Horo 060PYlIOBaHllSJ M CTPYKIYpl1pOBaHHe
ero cnMCKa no pa3..QeJIaM KaK 6a3I1CHbIX, TaK H npO<pHJIbHbIX nporpaMM.
npMnO>KeHMe lID
Oc06eHHOCTblO HaCTOSJIl.{ID( nepe'lHeU SJBJUleTC1I TO, 'l1'O OHll OTBe'laIOT
Tpe60BaH1UIM CTaH)];8pTa <l>lf3ll'leCKOrO 06pa30BaHIDI B OCHOBHOH H cpen-
Hell (rrOJIHOH) 06ru:e06pa30BaTeJIbHOU lIIKOJIe 11 nplfMepHbIM Y'le6HbIM
rrporpaMMaM.
B uenOM nepe'lHI1 yqe6Horo 060pynoB8HM1I 11 nepBOOqepe Horo
nplf06peTeHI15.I - 3TO COBOK)'IIHOCTb B3aHMHO COrJI8COB8HHbIX YQe6HbIX
nplf60pOB, 060py.n:OBaHIDI, npI1H3,[{JIe:>KHOCTeli If rrpMcnoc06JIeHI1U, 3K-
paHHbIX 11 ne IaTHblX nOC06lfM, rrpll3BaHHa51 06eCrreQllTb 113yqeHlfe <l>ll311-
'leCKI1X rrOIDlTHM, 3aKOHOB II TeOpI1M, npe.uyCMOTpeHHbIX <l>enepaJIbHbIM
KOMrrOHeHTOM rocy)];apCTBeHHoro CTaH,LJ:apTa, H8 3KcrrepllMeHTaJIbHOM OC-
HOBe. B TO )ICe BpeM5I - 3TO OTKpbITaJI CHCTeMa, nOCKOJIbKY O)];HM KOMno-
HeHTbI nepe'lIDI MOryr llCKJIlOqaTbCfI, )];pyrMe, C03n8HHbIe C yqeTOM nepe-
.n:OBoro ne)];8rorWlecKoro onbITa, B HayqHblX 11 npOMbIIllJIeHHbIX JI860paTO-
pl111X 11 OCBoeHHble npOMbIIIIJIeHHOCTblO, BKJTIO IaTbCSI.
OTKpbITbIH xapaKTep nepeqHeM 03HaQaeTT8K)I(e, IITO npl160pbI If KOMrr-
JIeKTbI, I1MeIOIU.lleCfI B IIIKOJIax II BHOBb BbInycKaeM.bIe, HO He BKJIIOQeHHble
B HaCTOHIUI1H nepe IeHb, 1IB1l5.IIOTCSJ 3aMeHOH (aHaJIOraMH) ero 3JIeMeH1'OB,
eCJIIi OHI1 06eCrreql1BalOT a;::t;eKBarnoe 3KCnepl1MeHTaJIbHOe 113yqeHI1e HBJIe-
HI1M, <l>ll3llQeCKHX BeJIWlllH, JaKOHOB, BXO HIU.MX B CTaH.LJ;apTbI (}>ll3ll'leCKO-
fO 06pa30BaHlfSJ II 6a3llCHble nporpaMMbI. AHaJIOraMll }ICe HB1l5.IIOTCSJ 1f3)];e-
J1IDI npaKTHQeCKH C O.IJ;I1HaKOBbIMll <l>YHKUlfOHaJIbHbIMI1 B03MO:>KHOCT1IMI1,
HO BbInycKaeMbIe pa3JIWIHbIMI1 npe)];npllfITI111MH, 8 TaIOKe OT)];eJ1bHble nplf-
60pbI 11 npMcrroc06JIeHlfSJ npOMbIIIIJIeHHoro If 6bITOBoro H83Ha'leHllH.
B nepe'lHI1 BKJIIOQeHbl He TOJIbKO yqe6HM TeXHI1Ka II HarJ15IJI.HbIe cpe -
CTB8 06yqeHIDI, BblnYCKaeMble B HaCTOSIll(ee BpeM.Sl, HO 11 o60pY.D:OBaHl1e,
rro.lLTleJKaIl..\ee MO)];epHI13aUI1I1, a TalOKe rrepCneKTI1BHOe 060PynoBaHl1e, KO-
TOpoe npe cTOllT pa3pa60TaTb II OCBOI1Tb B npoll3Bo.n.CTBe, c ueJIbIO HanOJI-
HeHIDI MaTeplfaJIbHO-TeXHH'IeCKOH 6a3bI, no.z:r.n;ep)K].fBalOIl..\eM rocy)];apCT-
BeHHbIH 06pa30BaTeJIbHbIll CTaH.1I.apT. ITocJIe Ha3BaHI111 TaKI1X npll60pOB B
nepeQHe nOCTaBJIeH llH,lI,eKC (H). B nepe'IHI1 TaJOKe BKJIIO'leHbI 06neKI1:.1 __
o60py.noBaHIDI, KOTopbIe Ha MOMeHT no.n.roTOBKM nepe'IHSJ K M3.naHI1IO pa3-
pa6oTaHbl, npOIIIJIll onblTH}'IO rrpOBepKY B yqe6HoM nponecce, 113rOTOBJIe-
HbI If X onbITHble 06pa3IJ:bI. TaKoe 060pY)];OBaHlle MoxeT 6bITb ll3roTOBJIeHO
no CneUl1aJIbHOMY 3aKa3Y 06pa30BaTeJ1bHblX yqpe}l(l[eHllD.
B COOTBeTCTBllll C $ellepaJIbHbIM KOMnOHeHTOM rocy.napcTBeHHoro
CTIlH.LJ;apm B 10-11 KJIaccax yqpeJK,lJ.eHI1M cpe.n:Hero (nOJIHoro) o6IIlero 06-
pa30BaHIDI BbI.ltenHIOTCH 6a30BbIM (2 q/Hen:.) H npo(}>IIJIbHbIM (5 q/He.n.)
ypOBHI1 113yqeHIDI 4>H3HKll.
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6 'lIRe)];. II 6oJ1ee Ha H3yqeHlle <f>H3HKH 3a Cqe-r IIlKOJIbHOrO KOMnOHeHTa.
1m nptmO)f{EHI1
060PynoBaHl1e, HC06Xo.lUIMOe ,DJJJI H3yqeHI1f1 cp11311KH Ha yrny6JIeHHOM
ypOBHe, npenCTaBJIeHO B 7-M cTOJI6ue Ta6JUIUbI.
nepeqeHb COCTaBJIeH TaKI1M 06pa30M, qTO ,DJUI nOCTaHOBKM neMOHCT-
paUI1M nOCTaTO'lHO O,nHOrO 3K3eMIlJUlpa (KpOMe CneUHaJIbHO 0603HaQeH-
HbIX CJTyqaeB) o6oPynoBaHIUI.
060PYllOBaHlie .DJISI CaMOCTOSITeJIbHoro 3KCnepllMeHTa Bbl):{eJIeHO B ne-
peQHe B OTneJIbHbIM pa311eJI «JIa6oparopHoe o6opynoBaHlle». IIPll 3TOM
Y'lI1TblBaeTC1I, qTO npOBe):(eHlle (}>pOHTaJIbHbIX JIa60paTOpHbIX pa60T perJIa-
MeHTHpyeTC1I11 B OCHOBHOMIliKOJIe, H Ha BCeX ypOBH1IX CTapmeH npO(}>IIJIb-
HOM IlIKOJIbl. TIpaKTllK)'M npOBOnl1TC1I TOJIbKO npll npo<l>JUIbHOM 11 yrJIy6-
JIeHHOM YPOBHSJX 113yqeHI1SJ cpI13MKH.
L{.rI1I cppOHTaJIbHblX JIa6oparopHblx pa60T npll06peTaeTCSI He MeHee
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Il{I1XCR.
06opyn:OBaHlle .lJ)UI npaKTllK)'Ma npllo6peTaeTCSJ B COOTBeTCTBl111 C BM-
6paHHOll yt-IllTeJIeM <l>OpMOM em npOBelleHI1R. IlpaKTHKYM npOBO.lJ.MTCSI
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TaK " co CneUllaJIbHbIM o6opy,nOBaHMeM, npHBen:eHHbIM B OTneJIbHOM pa3-
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060PYJJ:OBaHllSI no <l>H3HKe lUUI o61.l.\eo6pa30BaTeJIbHblX yqpeJKZJ:eHllH Pel>
COCTaBJIeH BnepBble.
B cToJI6ue «AHaJIOrH» yJ<a3aHbI B3aHM03aMeHSIeMble 3JIeMeHTbI. 060-
py,noBaHlle-aHaJIOr H3.D:aHHoro p33neJIa 0603HaQeHO O.D:HllM qllCJIOM, yr<a-
3bIBalOll{HM HOMep HaHMeHOBaHIUI; 060pY.D:OnaHHe-aHaJIOr H3 npyroro
pa3neJIa 0603HaqeHO n:B}'M5I qllCJIaMll, rrepBOe 113 KOTOpbIX - HOMep pa3JJ:e-
JIa, BTOpoe - HOMep HaHMeHOBaHHSI (pa3neJIeHbl qepTOqKOH). ECJIM aHa-
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//
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npMJ10)t(eHMe _
TEXHH'IECRHE CPEACTBA OHY1IEHHJI
fiEQATHhIE, AYltHOBH3YAnhHhIE
H ROMfihIOTEPHhIE nOCOBHJI
fiPHHOPhI H IIPHHAnHE)I(HOCTH OHIQErO HA3HA'IEHHJI
fiPHBOPhI ltEMOHCTPAQHOHHhIE
Y pe eHMRcpeAHero
4»0 (nonHoro) o6aqero
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1. TEXHI1QECKI1E CPEL{CfBA OEY4EH1151
1 Bl1..neOMarHI1To4>oH + + + +
2 KonocKon (oBepxen-npoeK- + + + +
TOp)
3 .D.l1anpoeKTOp (cJIa11:.o. - npo- + + + +
eKTop)
4 nepcoHaJlbHblH KOMnblOTep + + + +
5 TeJIeBH30p + + + -+
---
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-
6 YCTpOMCTBO)(JUi 3alllTOpll- + + + +
BaHIDI OKOH
7 UH4>poBaH BJf.[{eOKaMepa + + + +
c npI1Han:.rre:>KHOCT5I M 11
8 3KpaH + + + +
9 L{ocKa KOM611HI1pOnaHHIDI + + + +
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lID np JlO}f{EHJ4E
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3
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2. nE1JATHbIE, AYJ],110BI13YAJ1bHbIE 1-1 KOMIlblOTEPHbIE nOC06H.H
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.
Ta6J11H.t
2 KOMIUleKThI Te:-.taTlI'-1eCKI1X 1 + + + +
MarepMaJIOB Ha q,OJIlUIX
3 KOMnblOTepHble o6yqmo- + + + +
IUl1e nporpaMMbI
4 nOJI.BlDKHaH Kaprn 3Be3lI.HO- + + + -
ro He6a
5 nOPTPeTbI BbUlalOllll1XC$I + + + +
cPII3MKOB
6 CJIaM.n.bl I; 2 + + + +
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8 Ta6moflla «lIIKaJIa 3JIeKTpO- + + + +
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9 Ytle6HbIe BJI.[{eOKypCbI + + + +
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1 B03JJYXo BKa + + + +
. -
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TOTbI
3 fpY3 Ha60pHbItt Ha 1 Kr + + + +
4 I1cTotlHMK nOCToSlHHOro + + + +
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6-=- lOA) ..
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6 KOM n.i.leKTCOe,lU1HI1TeJIbHbIX + + + +
npOBo.nOB
7 KOMnJ1eKT nocy,nbll1 npll- + + + +
Han:.rre:>KHOCTeii K He
8 KOMn.neKT HHCTpYMeHTOB + + + +
11 pacXO.D.HblX MaTepMaJIOB
(MH yqMTeJUI)
9 MallIHHa 3JIelITpoQ:JopHa.SI 4.4-8 + + + +
10 MIIKpOcpOH - - + +
11 Hacoc BaKYYMHbl C TapeJI- + + + +
KOM. MaHOMeTpOM
11 KOJInaKOM
12 Hacoc B03,aymHbIH pyqHOtf + + + +
13 OCBeniTeJIb D,JUI TeHeBOro + + + +
npoeUllpOllilHl1H
14 OCUl1JIJIorpac:l> 3JIeK'TpOH- 4.1-11 - + + +
HbIH C npI1HaLIJIe:>KHOCTHMI1
15 IlrrMTKa 3JIeKTPI1':leCKaH + + + +
-
16 npH60p «B0311YIlIHbIi1 CTon» --
- - + +
C npHHan:.rre}KHOCTRMM (H) -
17 Cocy.n .lUIH BO.D.bI C npHMO- + + + +
yronbHbIMM CTeHKaMH (aK-
BapMYM)
18 CTOJ1I1K11 nO,D.'beMHbIe + + + +
(2 IlIT.)
19 T paHc«l>opMaTop YH"Bep- + + + +
caJ1bHblH
11m npJ4nO>KEHJ4E
llpoiJo.J1:JKeHue
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20 Tpy6Ka BalCYYMHaH 4.2- 34 + + + +
21 WT3.THB YHHBepCaJIbHbItt + + + +
cl>M3HQeCKHfi
22 YCHJUiTe.nb HI13K0i1 qaCTOTbJ + + + +
4. npl1EOPbI JIEMOHCfPAUI10HHbiE
4.1. 113MEPI1TEJIbHbIE npl1EOPbI
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I AMnepMe1'p C faJIbBaHOMeT- 11; 17; 4.4- + + + +
pOM neMOHCTpaI..1:MOHHblti 5; 4.4-14
2 EapoMeTp-aHepoHD + + + +
3 BeCbI C OTKpbITbIM MexaHH3- + + + +
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4 BOJIbTMeTp C faJIbBaHOMeT- II; 17; 4.4- + + + +
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5 fHrpoMe1'p II; 4.3-4 + + + +
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7 .D.HHaMOMeT'p I.JYBCTBHTejlb- - - + +
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9 113MepureJIb nepeMerne- - + + +
HMH (H)
10 KOMn.neKT apeOMeTpOB + + + +
(700-1400)
II KOMnblOTepHaH M3MepH- 1'4-19.21- + + + +
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KaMM
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7
12 MaHOMel'p )I(}f]lKOCTHbIll + + + +
neMoHcTpaUIfOllHbJM
13 MaHoMeTp MeTa.ilJIM':leCKHfi 4.3-2, + + + +
4.3 -4
14 MeTp ,UeMOHC1paUIfOHHbItt + + + +
15 Me-rpoHoM 3-2 + + + +
16 MOn JIh CQeTtUfK3 3JIeKl'pI1- + + + +
qeCKOH 3HepnUI
17 MynbTMMeTp LlMcppOBOH lJ,e- 1; 4; 4.4-4 + + + +
MOHcTpaUlfoHHbItt
18 Ha60p nHHaMOMeTpOB npy- 6; 4.2-17 - - + +
>KMHHbIX
19 nCI1XpOMeTp II; 4.3-4 + + + +
20 CTpo6ocKon C npIfHarIJIC)K- - - + +
HOCTSlMM
21 CqeTlIlfK -ceKYH,UO!\.1ep I.J.Mcp- 11 + + + +
pOBOn: C ,UaTtIllKaMH
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HbIll (H)
23 T epMOMeTp .lI.eMOHCTpaLlIf- + + + +
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24 T epMOMe1p neMOHCTpaltH- II; 4,3-4 - - + +
OHHbIH 3neKl'pM'-IeCKIfti:
25 IJ.HJTI1H1J.P 113Mepl1TeJIbHbIti + + + +
4.2. M EXAH 11 KA
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2 rMpOcKon - - - +
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3 L(cp)f(aTeJU1 co Cnl1paJIbHbl- + + + +
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4 KaMcpToHbl Ha PC30Hl1pylO- + + + +
llUiX HUlMKax C MOJIOTOqKOM
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7 KOMIUICKT npM6opoB .!(.TIR 8 - - - +
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llbIX TCJ1 (H)
8 KOM njJCKT «BparncH Me ) + - + +
9 Ha60p «BpaUlaTCJIbHoe + - + +
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to KOf\1nJ1eKT «McxaHHKa» )lJ1R 25;26;35;36 + + + +
pa60TbI C KOMllblOTepHoti
M3MCpMTCJIbHOH CMCTCMOH
-
11 KOMllJICKT no rMJl.pO-, a3po- - - + +
I Jl.HHaMI1KC (H)
I
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12 KOMnJ1CKT no npC06pa30Ba- 22-23-26 - - + +
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,
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13 KOHYC .nBO:fiHOif, KaTSlllI.HH- + - + +
CSI BBCpX
---14 MaSlTHMK MaKCBeJIJIa + + + +
15 L(ci1CTByJOIIlaH MO.n:CJIb nur- + - - -
paBJII1QCCKOrO npccca (H)
16 KOMnJ1CKT «McxaHHKa Jl.C- + - + +
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17 HaGop no CTaTMKC C Mar- 4.1-6 - - + +
H HTHbIMIf n:cp:>KaTeJ1S1MH
npl1nO)f{eHHe 1m
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7
18 MoneJIb ClfCTeMbI OTCqeTa 26;22 + + + +
19 Ha60p 113 Tpex rnaplfKOB 23 - - + +
20 Ha60p Ten paBHOM MaCCbI + + + +
M paBHoro OUbeMa
21 nlfCToner 6a.rIJUICTI:I'lecKJ.tti: + - + +
22 npJ.t60p H eMOHcTPaUIfIf + + + +
He3aBI1CI1MOCTI1 .n:ei1cTBIfH
CIDI
23 Kot.fIDIeKT )lJ1S{ 113yqCHlfH + + + +
Kone6aHMfi (H)
24 npJ.t6op lIJlH .n:CMOHCTpaUI1I1 6 + + + +
BOJIHOBblX SIBJIeHM" (H)
25 npH60p ,lUISi .n.eMOHCTPauJ.tfl to + + + +
3aKOHOB MeXaHI1K11
Ha B03.UYUIHOfi nO.l1YllIKe
26 npJ.t6op 1LJ1H CMOHCTpaUI1M to + + + +
3aKOHa coxpaHCHIfH J.tM-
nyJIbCa (H)
27 npM6op SI eMoHcTpaUIfJ.t + + + +
.n.aBJICHMSI B }K11lI.KOCTI1
28 npI160p H eMOHcTPaURIf + + + ..... + '::---
-
aTMo CpHOrO.l1aBJIeHHH '.
29 npJ160p1LJ1 H .n: eMo HcTpaUMM + + + +
HeBeCOMOCTH (H)
30 n pJ.t3Ma HaKJIOHSIIOll{aHcH + + + +
C OTBeCOM
31 PbI'lar .n:eMoHCTpaI..1:MOHHbIH 9 + + + +
32 Cocyl1.b1 cOO6malOllll1CCH + + + +
mJ np nQ)f(EHHE
llpoiJo.Jl:HCeltue
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
33 CT3KaH OTJIMBHOii + + + +
34 Tpy6Ka HblOToHa + + + +
35 TeJIe)l(KM JICI'KOnO,UBll.)KHbIC + + + +
C npMH81I.iIC)KHOCTSlM J.1
(napa)
36 TPM6oMCTP,UCMoHcTpaUM- 9; 10 + + + +
OHHbIM
37 YpoBeHb cMoHCTpaUJ.10H- + + + +
HbIi1
38 UCHTpo6e)l(H3H nopora - - - +
39 UeHlp06C)KHaH MalllJ.1Ha + + + +
C npllHa,lJ.J1e}KHOCTSlMM (H)
40 lI1ap n3CKa.'1.S1 + + + +
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5 Mo.nen b HBMraTe.Jl.H BHyr- + + + +
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7 MOJJ.enM KpMCraJIJIW-leCKMX - - + +
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8 MO.ll.eJIb 6POYHoBcKoro HBI1- 2-3 + + + +
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9 Ha60p KanMJIJIJlpOB + + + +
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12 npl160p AJISI n.eMOHCT.paUI1I1 - + + +
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(H)
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16 npM60p JIJISlI13YQeHIDi ra30- 2;4 - + + +
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17 TemIOnpl1eMHHKH (napa) 2-4 + + + +
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18 Tpy6Ka SlHeYOHCTPaIII1H 2; 4 + + + +
KOHBeKUl111 B )l(J{[{KOCTH
19 Ul1nl1HllpWCBI1HUOBMe + + + +
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20 Wap.LUISI B3BellII1BaHIDi B03- + + + +
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2 EaTapeH CO,lHe fHaH 14; 17 + + + +
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5 3BOHOK 3JIeKTPI14eCKI1t1: .u.e- + + + +
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6 11HlI.I1KaTOp I1IUlYKllHII Mar- - - - +
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8 Ka1YIlIKa llpOCCeJIbUaSi 14; 18 -I + + +
9 KaTYll.IKa DJUl .lie MOHCTpa - 14 + + + +
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(2 lUT,) (H)
10 KOMrIlIeKT nOJIOCOBbIX, lI.Y- + + + +
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II KOMillIeKT npH6opoB ,l1JlH + + + +
lICMOHC1pawm CBOHCTB
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12 KotomneKT npI160pOB - - + +
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13 KOJ\lIDIeKT o6opynoBaHI1H 4; 19; 23; 26; + + + +
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(K)]3-1) 49; 59: 76;
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18 KOMIIJIeKT «3J1eKTpWlecT- - - + +
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19 KOMIIJIeKT Bbl KJIlOqaTeJIetl: 14 + + + +
20 KOIilI:eHCaTOp nepeMeHHott 15 + + + +
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24 JIHH3bI H3JUlBHbIe (H) - - - +
:;, ::::.---
25 MaIIIHH3 3Jl:eK'l'pW.JeCKaSl + + + +
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26 Mara3HH pe3HCTopoB I1.C- 14; 16 + + + +
MOHcTpaUHoHHblti
27 MaHTHHKH 3J1eK'rpOCTaTH- 15 + + + +
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28 Mo.neJIb 3JIeKTpOMarHIITHO- - - - +
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30 MOJI,enb 3neKTpH':lCCKOH - - - +
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31 MOlleJIb c:l>OTopene - - - +
32 fpOMKoroBOpllTeJIb - - + +
33 MOJI,eJIH pammnpl1CMHJ.1KOB + + + +
34 Mo.o.eJIb cnHIloMeTpa (H) - - - +
35 HaGop non3YHKoBbiX peoc- 14; 16 + + + +
TaTOB
36 Ha60p 1IJ.1H3 J.1 3epKaJI (H) 54 + + + +
37 Ha60p nOJIyrrpoBOllHllKO- 14; 16 + + + +
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38 Ha60p CTep:>KCHbKOB <tJep- - - - +
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39 Ha60p no lll1c:l>paKLlJ.1ll, I1H- 53 - + + +
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40 Ha60p no I13Y'-leHI1IO pac- 17 - - + +
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41 HaGop cBCTo<l)HJIbTPoB 54 + + + +
42 Ha60p .lmc:l>paKl.{J.10HHbIX pe- 53 - - + +
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43 Ha60p no ncpe.naqe 3JICKT- 14 - - + +
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44 Ha60p no $J1YOPCCUCHUIUI - + + +
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45 Ha60p cnCK'l'paJIbHbiX TPY- - - + +
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46 Ha60p no 3JIC:KTpOJUt3y 14 - - + +
47 OCBCn1TeJIb YIIb'l'paqmOJIe- - - + +
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48 na:101lK11113 CTCKJIa. 360HI1- 15 + + + +
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49 naHCJI b C JIm.mO IKaMI1 14 + + + +
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50 IlrrocKoe 3CpKaJIO 54 + + + +
51 npH6oPllllH,UcMOHCTpaUHI1 + + + +
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52 npfl60p 1IlliI ,UCMoHcTpaUHI1 + + + +
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53 KOMnJICKT neMoHcTpallHoH- 39;42;62 - + + +
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-
54 KOMnJICKT .n.CMOHCTpaUMOH- 24; 36; 50; 60; + + + +
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55 npM60p LI)I.H H3Y1JCHi1S1 npa- + + + +
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56 npi1Gop llllH M3yqeHHSI - + + +
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58 npM60p JUlSI,UeMOHCJpaUl.m - + + +
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60 CBeTOnpOBO.iI: 54 + + + +
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62 CKaMMJ onTlltIeCKaSl C I1C- - - + +
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63 CrpeJIKM. MarHJ.1THble + + + +
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64 CyJITaHbl 3JleK'l'pWleCKHe 15 + + + +
(2 lilT.)
i 65 C£pepWIecKoe 3epKa.rIO 54 - - - +
66 TepMorrapaHeMoHcTpa H- 14 + + + +
OHHaH
67 T epMocTOJI6HK - - - +
68 TpHOD. 11 ,U1l0H BaKYYMHble - - + +
69 Tpy6Ka C 'uBYMH 3JTeKTpOHa- - - + +
MI1 (H)
70 C!>MJIb'l'p YJIbTPa4>HOJIeTO- - - + +
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71 C!>HJIbTP HH£ppaKpaCHbI:H (H) - - + +
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7
72 <1>YHKUI10HaJlbHbI:H reHepa- - + + +
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73 WTaTI1BbI 1130JH1pYIOIUHe + + + +
(2 lilT.)
74 3KpaH 4>JIyopeCl.J.l1pYIOIUHH - + + +
(H)
75 31IeKTpOMeTpbI C npl1Ha- IS + + + +
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76 31IeK TpOMarHMT pa360pHblH 14 + + + +
77 3JIeKTPOcKon ,n:eMOHCTPa- 15 + + + +
Ul10HHbIii
4.5. KBAHTOBNI 4>11311KA
1 KaMepa .lIJUI .neMOHCTpaUl'm + + + +
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2 KOMnJ1CKT npl160pOB - + + +
no cl>oTo3cl>cl>eKTy (H)
3 KOMnnCKT .IJ.1UJ M3MepCHMH - - + +
nOCTOHHHOfi flrraHKa
4 KorvmneKT ,D..iIH neMOHCT- - - - +
paUliM OnblTa <I>paHKa-
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5 J1a3ep YI.Je6HbItf C npl1Ha- - - +- +
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6 Mo.ueJIb onblTa Pe3epcl>op- + + + +
l(a (H)
7 Ha60p rOJIorpaMM (H) - + + +
8 fa30pa3pMHbIH CQeTlJI1K + + + +
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2 AMncpMeTpbI JIa60paTop- 26 + - + +
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3 BecbI Y4e6HbIe C rl1pSlMH + + + +
4 BonhTMeTpbI na6opaTopHbIe 26 + + + +
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5 BOJIbTMeTpbI JIa60paTopHbIe 26 + - + +
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6 3neKTpoMarHI1THOe pene - - + +
7 JbmaMoMel11bl J1a60paTop- 17; 24 + + + +
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12 KrrlOqIf 3aMbIKaHMH TOKa 39 + + + +
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16 KOMn..leKT M3MepIfTeJ1bHblX 24 + + + +
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17 KOMlIJ1eKT JIa60paTopHbli1 7- 21- 27' 31' + + + +
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18 KOMIDIeKT JIIfH3 (H) 38 + + + +
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20 KOMlIJleKT c:l>ororpaqm i1 + t- + +
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24 IfKpoJIa6opaTOpIfH-I 7' 16' 21' 27- + - - -
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27 Ha60p rpY30B no MCXaHI1Ke 17;24 + + + +
28 Ha60p no 3JIeK'l'pO.iI113Y 39 - + + +
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32 Ha60pbJ pe311CTopOB npOBO- 39 + + + +
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37 Ha60p «3JIeK'l'pOMarHe- II. I3. 23. 26. - - + +
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44 npH6op)])IH M3yqeHIUI 3a- 39 - - - +
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