Автор: Бутанаев В.Я.
Теги: этнография этнос этникос этническая история религия
ISBN: 5-7810-0226-Х
Год: 2003
Текст
B.S1. 5YTAHAEB
A5AKAH
2003
66K 63.5
693
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23
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29
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26
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27
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30
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33
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ceBep - KOpOB, BOCTOK - OBeQ, 3ana)J; - c06aK, a l.(eHTp - JIlo,aeM.
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KOBlll Ha 3eMJlIO. ECJIM OH yna,lJ,eT OTBepCTl1eM BBepx, TO Bee pa):{OCTHO KpH'-Ia-
JIM -- «ax TopiK» - 6enaSI cYD.b6a!, '-ITO 0603HalfaJIO C4aCTbe, T.e. CKOT 6Y,lJ,eT
TY4HbIM Ii MOJI01.JHbIM. Ho eCJIH KOBllI na,lJ,aJ1 BBepx AHOM, TO BOCKJ1HlJ.aJIH
«xapa TopiK» - qepHaSi cY):{b6a, '-ITO CBSI3bIBa;rOCb C HeY.L(a4eM. 3aTeI\1 KOBllI
BernaJIH Ha.L( ;:I:BepbIO, f):{e OH HaXOJJ.HJIC5I Tpoe CYTOK. nOJ\06I1bIH BeCeHHI1M
06PM BblnOJlHIDIC5I He TO:IbKO TlOpKaMM CaSIHo-AnTa5l, HO 11 KbIprbl3aMH T5IHb-
WaHSI. Bo BpeMSI nepBhlX BeceHHHX fp03 Kblprbl3CKHe )l(eHllI.I1HbI C nO,lJ,OHHI1-
KaMH B pYKax TPII pa3a 06erarIH IOPTY 11 KPUlJaJIl1: «Pa3Bep3HHCb 3eMJ1S1 J1
nOSIBHCb TpaBa pa3Bep3HHCb BbIMSl M nOSlBHCb MonOKo!».42
Mo.:UlUR (l.Ja3bLll) C4HTaJIaCb CTpeJIOH fpOMOBep)l(ua «KYrYPT-lfa5l4bI» MJlH
caMoro 60ra Ax-XY,L{a . fpOl\10Bep)I(eu MelJeT CBOH CTpeJIbI «KyrypT YfbI» B
llepTei1 WI5.I 0411111eHI1SI 3eMJU1. He411CTa51 CHJIa «aMHa», KaK npaBI1;IO., np5l4eT-
CSI flOL( J1HCTBeHHl1ueH, KOTopaSi n03TOMY qaCTO pa36HBaeTC5.I MO.;U-IHeH. IlI.en-
KH pa3611TOrO Mo..IHHeH .L(epCBa 6paJIM Ha ClJaCTbe ,L(OMOH, TaK KaK OCBSlJ..«eH-
51
B.a EymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJiHo-AATaR
HbIe rpOMOBep)l(u,CM, OHM CJ1Y)I(I1JIH o6CperOM npOTI1B 60J1C3IICH. Y611TOe MOJI-
HHeM )f(HBOTHOe BO.APY)f(aJ1H Ha HaCTI1JI «KyrYPT ceepi», Ha qeTblpex cTon6ax
C 6peBeH1.!aTbIM nepeKpbITl1eM. XOHrop bI BepHJ1H, QTO )l(I1BOTHOe, y611Toe
CTpeJIOH 60ra - «XY.AaH YFbI», yrO.L(HO He6eCHOMY BJla)J.bIKe 11 ero HeJIb35I XO-
pOHI1Tb B 3eMJIe.
rpOMOBbIe CTpeJlbI «KyrYPT YFbI» - KaMHl1, HanOMHHalOIlIJle 5IHll.O CMHero
UBeTa, nona,naJH1Cb TOJ1bKO CqaCTJII1BOMY qenOBeKY. Harne,LI:WI1H rpoMoBYlO
CTpeJIY AOJ'l)f(eH XpaHI1Tb ee B nOTaHHoM Mec;re 11 HMKOMY 06 3TOM He rOBOpI1Tb.,
HHalle OH crna3HT CBoe CllaCTbe. qeJlOBeK, 06JIatJ.aIOI.IJ:I1M: elO, CTaHCT 60ra-
TbIM.
rpOMOBble CTpeJIbI OKa3bIBaJ1H MarMlleCKwe )leHCTBH5I npl1 neqeHMII 60Jlb-
HblX H Ha 113MeHeHl1e noro):(bI. I1x HeJ1b35I ,!:\ep)KaTb rO)IbIMI1 PYKal\1H, a TOJIbKO
3aBepHY1'bIMI1 B 6eJ1YIO MaTepHIO I1JIH B npaBYlo nony o.ue)I()J:bI. II pH ..1]e4eHI1H.
60ne3HeH BbICeKaJ1H I1CKpblM3 rpOMOBblX C1'peJI, YJJ.ap5l5l11MI1 0 KpeCaJIO. Ho
caMoe 60JIblllOe BJIM5IHHe OHM OKa3hIBaJII1 Ha noro.L(Y. ECJ1M rpoMoBYlO C1'peJIY
«KyrYPT YFbJ» nOKa3aTb COJ1H Y 11 npoH3HeCTI1 3aKJ1MHaHHe: «AF6aH na3bI
Anblp-qanblp, KMM na3bI KHMip-4aMblp» - BepxoBb5I A6aKaHa C ,lJ,YXOM jJ,O)l(-
,lJ,H (no HMeHH) AnbIp-qarrbIp, BepXOBb5I EHI1CeH C .L(YXOM OCaL{KOB (no HMeHH)
KHMip-qaMblp, - TO nOH,lJ,eT ClUIbHbIH O)KJJ.h. 31'OT 06PM, KaK 065I3aTenbHblw,
COBepllIaJI PYKoBO)!I1Tenb He6ecHoro )l(epTBOnpMHOIlIeHI151. CKOJIbKO pa3 OB
B3MaXHeT rpoMoBoH C1'peJIOH, C1'OJIbKO ,!:\HeH6Y,lJ,eT H,[(TI1 ,lJ,O)K'jJ;b. 43
YMeHl1e Bbl3bIBaTb ,[{O)K)];b npH nOMOllJ,11 Marl1lleCKHX KaMHcM «KyrYPT yrbI»
111111 «H,J;a-Taw» (qaaT, )KaH-Tarn) BCTpe4a.J10cb Y Bcex TlOpKO-MOHI'OJ1bCKHX
Hapo,aoB ll.eHTpaJIbHOM A3MI1.
01' y,!:\apa M0J1HIU1 nopoH 3aroparrMcb ,lJ,epeBbH. XOHrop bI Ha3bIBaJIH TaKoe
HBJIeHl1e «He6ecHbIM OrHeM» (THrip O.lI.bI, KYrYPT O)!bI) H npHnHCbIBaJIH eMY Ma-
rH4eCKHe cBoMCTBa. ECJIH «He6ecHbIH OrOHb» npl1HeCTI1 )!OMOH H TPH ro.a:a no,[(-
,lJ,ep)f(HBaTb rOpHI.IJ.I1H 04ar lOpTbl, TO ceMbH H36aBMTC» OT Bcex 60JIe3HeH, a X03H-
MH CTaHeT KpynHbIM 6aeM. Ho eCJ1M OH noraCHeT, TO ceMbe rp03HJIa nOfH6eJ1b.
Bo BpeM5I Y.lJ:apa MOJIHMH, KorJJ;a qenOBeK HaXO,L1HTC5I B nYTH, a TaK)I{e Kor-
JJ,a He06xo.LI.HMO B351Tb BeTBH ,lJ,epeBa C «He6eCHbIM OrHeM», qI1T 1JOCb 3flKJIHHa-
HHe: «MI1H caHbIH Ki3iHiH, TaMbI3bI6bIH, MHH caHbIH Ki3iHil-{ 4eeHi3i6iH» - 51
JJ;M5I no MaTepH caHbIHCK-ol'O po,!:\a, Sf nneM5IHHHK no ceCTpe caHbIHCKoro po.n.a.
BbICKa3aHHoe B 3aKJ1MHaHHH )l(eJIaHI1C npI1Ha,lJ,JIe)KaTb K p0,il;CTBeHHHKaM po,[{a
caMhIH CB5I3aHO C XOHropcKoi1 MI1<pOJIOrMci1. KOf,lJ.a-TO npC.LIOK pon:a caMbIH
nOpa311J1 CBOMM BbICTpeJIOf\1 HC4HCTYlO CI1JIY «aHHa» B 06pa3e r0:10ro C 4ep-
HbIM 3a):{OM 4epTa, YKpblBlllcrOCH B paCI.IJ.eJ1I1HC CKaJIbI H ,lJ,pa3HI1BlllerO rpOMO-
BCp)K a KYKMllleM (B Bapl1aHTe - BbICTaBJ1515I 4epHhIH 3a,D,). nOcne;:UB1H 6oo/1ee
40 :Ie1' MeTaJI CBOM 10;IHI1H B Het.II1CTOrO, HO He CMor ero nOpa3l1Tb. C Tex nop
ceOK caHbIH C.I aBI1TCSI rpOMOBep)l(ueM «KyrYPT-QaSf4bl».44
COrJ1aCHO XOHfOpcKOH MI1$0J10rHI1, TaM, r.ae npOllleJI rpOMOBepJKe , BCTa-
Bana pa)J.yra «KyrypT 40JIbl» - 6YKB. Aopora rpO!\1a. B caraHCKOM .lJ:l1aJIeKTC
52
B.H. Eymw-tac8 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaRHO-AATaR
pa()yza Ha3bIBaeTC «muzip Xypbl» - He6eCHbJH n05lc. fIOCJIe Hee 0603Ha4e-
HHe COOTHOCHTC5I C pyrHM MH<pOM, no KOTOPOMY 1.IeJ10BeK, CYMeBll1HI1 npOHTH
noD, pa.ayroH (<<THrip XypbIH LJYKTeHepre - 6YKB. B3BaJIHTb Ha ce651 He6eCHbIH
n05lc), nOMeHSIeT nOJIOBYIO npHHa)].J1e)l(HOCTb - MY)l(1.IHHa CTaHeT )KeHlltHHOM, a
)l(eHIUHHa MY)l(4HHOH. npOHTH J],aHO He Ka)l(jIOMY, a TO..JbKO C4aCTJ1HBOMY.
npOllle lllMM noJJ. paJJ.yroH 4eJIOBeK craHer 6eCCMepTHbIM. 45 nO,L{06Hble MJ1cpbI
H3BeCTHbI MHorHM Hapo;.:(aM EBpa3MH (TypKaM, BOCT01.JHbIM CJ1aB5IHaM, Hapo-
)J.aM KaBKa3a).46
/(O:J/C()b (HaIlAfblp) npOJIHBaJICSI Ha 3eMJIIO JJ.YXOM-X0351I1HOM, HMeBllll1M Ha-
3BaHHe «KHMHp-LJaMblp» (AnbIp-4anbIp). AJISI Bbl30Ba JJ.O)K,il.SI XOHropUbI
nOJIb30BaJIMCb pa3J1MIIHbIMI1 Marlf1IeCKHMH npl1eMaMH. lliJ1pOKO HCnOJIb30Ba-
JIHCb paCTeHHSI, TaKHe, KaK qeMepMua (XaJI1.Jyn) H J1yroBoH 3Bepo6oH (KyrYPT
0):(1)1), paCTYLQl1e nOCJIe nepBoro rpOMa. ECJIM HX copBaTb 11 nOKa3aTb COJIHUY
HJIM OKYHYTb UBeTaMH B BOJJ.Y, TO 51CHaSI noroJJ.a McnOpTHTC5I J1 nOM,nCT O)K):\b.
,L(JUI npeKpaw.eH1UI 3aT5IHYBlllerocSI ,L{O }I B Hero 6pOCaJIH pe)l{YIllJ1M opy-
,L{HeM - HO)KOM HJ1H TonopoM H npoH3HOCHJIM 3aKllHHaHMe: «YJIYF XaMHbIH,
YCTYFbI3bI , Kiqir XaMHhIH, KHpi3i3iH.» - TbI 6eJJ.peHHaSi KOCTb 60JIblllOrO llla-
MaHa, TbI JIOKTeBaSI KOCTb MaJIOrO rnaMaHa.
L(pyroM MarH4ecKHH cnoco6 3aKJ1IOQaJICH B C:>Kl1raHHH COJII1 (TYC), o6pa30-
BaHHe KOTOpOH B COJleHbIX 03epax XOHropaSI CBSl3aHO C SICHOH noro oH. qe-
llOBeK, p0)KJJ.eHHbIH B SICHble JJ.HH, 6pocall TPH pa3a no TPH Il{enOTKH COJIM B
orOHb H npoH3HOCMJI TPH pa3a: «AS13bl TapT!» - flpHTSIHH CBOIO SICHOCTb.
Bblrra;J;eHMe JIeTOM zpada (mac Juulldip) 3aBHCeJIO, HK06hI, OT npoJJ.eJlOK
ropHblx ,a:YXOB. Bo BpeMH CI1JIbHOrO rpa)J;a BbIXO)J;HJIH Ha YJIl1QY 11, pa3MaxH-
Ba51 HO)l(OM, LII1TaJIH 3aKJIHHaHHe: «A6bIFaH na3bIH arIa nap! KMM na3LIH KH3e
nap! TO 1 na3bIH fo6blpa nap! Yncy na3bIH Y3e can!» - HanpaBJI5IHCH B Bepxo-
Bb51 A6aKaHa! IlepenJIaBJI5IHc5I Qepe3 BepxoBbSI EHHce5l! n poi1.aH HaCKB03b
BepxoBhSl TOMH! nepepy6H BepXOBb51 Ty6bI!
I1cxo)J;}I M3 CMbICJ1a TeKCTa 3aKJ1I1HaHHSI, He)l(eJIaTeJlbHOe CTMXI1HHOC BJIe-
HHe OTnpaBJIHJ1M 3a npe,aeJ1bI XOHropa .
npOJ1CXO)l(J\eHMe 6empa xOHropUbI CB5I3bIBaIOT C JJ.eHCTBHSIMM JJ.yxa-xo3HHHa
BeTpa «qHJI eH-XaHa». Kor.LJ.a HajIO 6bIJIO BbI3BaTb BeTep, TO HallHHaJIl1 CBMC-
TCTb, a rrOTOM npoH3HOClUIH 3aKJll1HaHHe: «4IDI 333i T..}I1JI)J.eii xaH! ArrTbIH oprecHrn.
TOFblC i3iriH a3a TapT! l.JI1JIiH, n03bIT!» - X03S1HH BeTpa 4MJI,a:eH-xaH! OTKpOM
,n:eB5ITb JI.BepeH 30JIOTOrO ,L(BOpua, BblnYCTH BeTep! 06MTeJlb X03S1MHa BeTpa qillI-
JJeH-xaHa HaXOJJ.HJ1aCb B YCTbe peKH XaH-TerHp B Ca HCKMX ropax.
3UMOH, B nopy HeBbIHOCHMbIX X0J10,lJ.OB, llT06bI nOTenJ1e;IO paCCKa3bIBaJlH
CKa3KH 0 X03HMHe J,fOp03a XYM.lIY3axe. TIocJ1:e HCnOJIHeHH5I CKa3KH Heo6xoJJ.H-
MO 6bIJIO o6paTMTbC K .LlYXY-X03S1HHY Mop03a co CJ10BaMM: «XYMJJ.YC, XYM-
lI.ye, XYMJJ.Y3ax! XYMJJ.YC 400pFaHHal-t Qa6hIHhICTax!» - E06p, 606p, XYM y-
3ax! 3aKpOHCH 606pOBbIM o.n.eIDIOM!
53
B H EymaHaeB 6ypxaHHaM TlOpKOB CaRHo-AATaR
KpOMe Toro, iI,.JISI nOTcnJleHMSI B 04are C)I(Hra.nH TpaBY «i3ir OT» - 6YKB.
ropH4aSl TpaBa (113 KOTOpOH .aenaJU1 KI1CT04KH)1,Jl}l no6enKM .aOMOB). OHa 06-
JIa,LUlJIa, SlK06bI, MarH4eCKHM CBOHCTBOM. OO,il,06HbIe npl1eMbI 60pb6bI C XOJIO-
,L(OM npHMeHIDIHcb H ,L(pyrl1MM TlOpKaMM Ca5IHo-AnTaSi.
)].YHoBeHMe Tennor 0 JlerKoro BeTepKa - 3ecpl1pa XOHrOplI.bI BOCnpHHI1Ma-
JIll KaK ,l{bIXaHHe nO,L(3eMHOro 60)f(eCTBa I1pJIHK-xaHa. OH, B cHny cBoeii no,lJ,-
JIOCTH, nbITaeTCSI HaBpeLU1Tb J1IO.nSlfvL Bo BpeMSI Ll.YHoBeHH» TenJIOrO 3ecpHpa
(TaH) 3anpell{anOCb ,lJ,bIIllaTb OTKpbITbIM pTOM. ECJIH ero B,L(OXHYTb, TO yeJIOBe-
Ka pa306be1' napaJIHY. n03TOMY napaJIHY no-xaKaCCKH Ha3bIBaeTC «TaH can-
XaHbI» - 6YKB. y.n.ap 3ecpHpa. C KaKoro 60Ka 06,lJ,yeT I1pJIHK-xaH - Ta cTopoHa
Ii 6y.neT nOL\Bep)f(eHa napaJ1I1YY.
COBceM .apyroe OTHOIlleHHe 6bIJIO K BeceHHeMY TennOMY BeTepKY, KOTOpO-
ro Ha3bIBaJIH «KyynreK HaHlJ.bI» - .npyr KyynbreK 11 «L{HKneK HaHl{bl» - L\pyr
l{HKIleK. ,L(YX-X03S1MKa TenJIOrO BeceHHero BeTpa no HMeHH «KYYJIreK MHeM»
OKOHyaTenbHO paCTannHBana CHer. B 31'01' nep110J1. XOHrOplI.bI AOCTaBanH 113
Ka,lJ,OK 3aMOpO)f(eHHOe MS!CO (yyqe) 11 Ha1.JI1HaJIM ero BSlnl1Tb Ha YJII1Qe.
nOSIBneHl1e BI1XpS! «XYIOH» BCTpeqaJIH co CTpaXOM. no XOHfOpCKHM nOBe-
Pb»M B BH,L\e BHXpSI (CMepqa) ,n:BHraeTC» HeqWCTa}l CMJIa «aMHa», KOTopaSi YHO-
CHT AYlllH JIIO.LleH. r)J,e 3aKpY)IOiTCSI BI1Xpb, TaM )K,I{aJ1H HeCqaCTHOro CJIyqa».
OpH BCTpeqe C HI1M TPH pa3a llJ1eBaJIH B CTOPOHY BI1XpSl H npOM3HOCHJIH 3aro-
BOp: «XypaH-XypaM! Tara5IXTbIF Tac xaT Top6eTcep nap! Taap TOHHblF xyy
xaT COSlH3ap nap! nanTbI - nbI4ax!» - XypaH-Xypaii! nJIellll1Ba51 GaGa B
TI06eTeHKe, OTnpaBJ1S1M:CH B 3ana HYlO MOnrOJIHlO! Be bMa B nonycYKoHHOM
xanaTe, oTnpaBJI»Hc» B TYBY! Tonop H HO)l(!
npOrOBOpl1B 3aKJIHHaHl1e, 6paJIM HO)l( HJ1M TOllOp H TPH pa1a 6pOCaJII1 B
cepeAHHY BHXP5l.
PaccKa3blBalOT, KaK O Ha)f(J.(bI B ceHoKocHYIO nopy, KOr,lla MI1KeHJIe Ko-
KOB rrepCBOpaqHBaJI BaJ1KM ceHa y aasJa Tor3aac, HaJIeTeJI BHXpb, pa3MeTaB-
lllHH CKOllleHHoe ceHO. CTapl1K MHKeMJIe, He onro YMa , npOrOBOpl1J1 «rrbI-
qaX-naJITbI» 11 6pocl1JI B u.eHTp BHXpSl cBoM HO)l(, BHceBlllHH y Hero Ha 60KY B
HO)l(Hax. BI1Xpb MOMeHTaJIbHO I1C4e3. Ho BMeCTe C HI1M HClle3 11 HO)l{. MHKeHJIe
6eCn0J1e3HO HCKaJI ero Ha TOM MeCTe.
CnyCT» HeKOTopoe BpeMSI, oceHbIO, OH OTnpaBI1JIC5I BHI13 no qYJIbIMY B aarI
MOHaCTblpeB.LUISI nOKynKH KOH5I Ha 3l1MHHH y60H (COFbIM). Kor,lJ,a ero CTaJU1
yroma1'b B )lOMe, r!{e OH peIllHJ1 Kynl1Tb KOHS! Ha MSlCO, TO Ha CTOJIe YBM,aeJI
cBOH HO)K co BceMM npHMeTaMM. Y HBJIeHHbIM MI1KeMJ1e cnpocl1J1 y X035IHHa
IOpTbI - oTKY.L\a n05lBMJ1CSI 3TOT HO)f( Y HHX? X03S1I1H 6bIJI wa 1aHOM 113 pOLl.a
j:(OL\OHKOBbIX. Oll 06'h»CHIUI: «B .aOJ1MHe qynbIMa 3a60JIeJI 1.JeJl0BeK 1151 oTnpa-
BHJIC» B Illa 1aHcKHH nYTb, HO MOM: HeBl1L\I1MbIH .l1yx yrneJI .IJ.aJIeKO B BepXOBb»
BeJIoro I1lOca. TaM 51 YBM.lJ.eJI JIlOJJ.eH, crpe6alOLUMx ceHO, 11 peillHJI paCKI1JJ.aTb
BaJIKI1, HO B Moe 6e.apo nonan HO)l{. T or,n:a MHe npHIllJIOCb BepHYTbc5I o6paTHo
.a;OMOH C nOpa3HBWHM MeHSI HO)f(OM».47
54
B H. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaRHo..AATaJI
I1TaK, XOHrOpUbI, KaK M BCe TlOpKM Ca5lHo-ArrTaSl, 6JlarO ap}f n03HaHH»M
B 06JlaCTM aCTpOHOMWl1, C03)}.aJIM cBoM KaJICH)}.apb, npl1))YMaJIH CMCTeMY Ha3-
BaHMH C03Be3.lIHM, a TaK)f(e Bblpa60TaJIH MarH'-IeCKHC cnoco6bI BJ1MSlHI1S1 Ha
aTMoccpepHbIC SlBJIeHH5I.
2.3. WiHBOH Map
OMallIHHe )l(HBOTHble npe.n:cTaBJI»JIM rnaBHoe 6oraTcTBo CKOTOBOD,OB
XOHropaH. CaMblM YMHblM )l(MBOTHbIM clIHTarraCbJloz.uadb, BOCnCTa51 B repoM-
QeCKI1X CKa3aHH»X. KOHb 6bIJI BepHbIM JI.pyroM qenOBeKa, .n:06pocoBecTHo
cnY)I(aWHM npM ero )l(113HH, a nOCJIe CMepTH COnpOBO)l()1aBIllMH ero B 3arpo6-
HbIM MHp. 11M» qeJ10BeKa H KOHb B TlOpKCKHX Sl3bIKax HOC»T l1.n:eHTM4Hoe 3BY-
4aHMe «aT», 1160 B 3nMt.JeCKOH )KH3HM 60raTblpb Hepa3pbIBHO CB 3aH co CBOMM
KOHeM. npH 06bI4ac no6paTHMCTBa Ha3BaHHbIC 6paTbSl 06MCHI-iBaJII1Cb KOHSI-
MH (aT a.JlbI3bln), npH cBa.n:e6HOM o6p e HeBeCTY OT aBanM B3aMeH KOHSI «6aUl
aT», IIPH pa3Bo.n:e C )KeHoH nOCJIeL{HeH OT.n:aBaJIC» KOHb BO BeeM CHap5l)KeHHH
«aT-TOH» H T.)].. B 3aBl1.CHMOCTM OT MaCTH pa3Bo.n:HMbIX JIOwa,lJ.eM no.rrYt.JaJlH
JI.a)l(C CBOI1 Ha3BaHMSI « BeTOBble» nOLlpa3LleneHHSI xaKaCCKMX ceOKOB. Ha-
npMMep, «ax nopa aTTbIFax XblpFblC, KOK nopaTTblF KOK XblpFbIC, xapa
nopaTTbIF xapa XbIpFbIC» - 6eJIbIe KblprbI3bI, I1MelOmHe 6eJ10-CHBbIX KOHeH;
Hc6ecHble KbIprbl3bI, HMelO He He6ecHo-cHBbIX KOHeH; qepHbIC KbIprhI3bI, MMe-
IOllU1e qCPHO-CHBbIX KOHeH. nOKpOBHTeJIeM I\OHeBO,lJ.CTBa C4HTaJIC MH<pHlIec-
KI1H fJIaBa CBSIlUeHHbIX 6enblx norna.n:eH - «AJ(aM naHTa XaH». B03MO)l(HO,
3TO HM5I SlBJ1S1eTCSI xaKaCCKHM BapHaHToM Ha3BaHHSI «KaMpaT-aTa» - XpaHI1-
TeJISI JIOlllaLJ,eH B MH OJIOrHH Ka3aXOB H Kblprbl30B.
nncTb, nOBOLJ, H Y3.lJ;ellKa KOHSI liMenH CaKpaJIbHOe 3Ha4eHl1e. HI1 nOBOJ{OM,
HI1 Y3Lle4KoH Henb3516HTb KOHSI, HHat.Je norH6HeT X03»I1H. 3anpe aJ10Cb 3axo-
LU1Tb B IOPTY, ,n;ep)Ka B PYKax nJIeTb H Y3 ellKY. DOBO,U KOH}! HHKor,aa He 3aHO-
CMJIM B nOMemCHHe. Ero npMBH3bIBanH Ha ynH e.
OTnpaBJISlSlCb B nYTb ( qOPbIX), 3aBSl3bIBaJIH KOHel{ nOBo,aa KOH» I1JIM apKa-
Ha, 4T06bI .llopora CTarra YLla4HoH (QOJ1bI TYHYX nOJI3blH - 6YKB. nYCTb ,aopora
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- Ha TpeTHH. DaM JJ.apMJIH MaCTepy Ha TpeTI1H ro,a )l(epe64HKa (Taii).55
XpynKoe CllaCTbe (YJlYC, bIpbIC) xaKaCCKoro CKOTOBo)].a OXpaHSlJ10Cb cye-
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Moro. Hanpl1MCp, xaKaCbI npH ,napeHHH MJIM IIpo.l1a)Ke CKOTa BblpblBaJIH 113
rraXOBOM t.JaCTH, a TaK)I(e 113 Cepe,LtI1Hbl xBOCTa TPH KJlO1.IKa rnepCTH co CJle.L{YlO-
ll.{HM 3arOBopOM: «Y JIYC nap6a3bIH! XYT nap6a3bIH! I.JYPTbIH,na XaJ13bIH!» -
59
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C B )l{HJIHll{e! BblpBaHHYIO lllepCTb CMa1.JI1BaJIn CJIIOHOH CKOTa, CKPY1.IHBaJIll B
KOMOK 11 np TaJIH B lOpTe I1J111 3aCOBbIBaJII1 3a MeXOBYlO onYillKY llly6bI. TaKoif
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eTCSI nO-MOHrOJIbCKH KI1IlIHK - C1.IaCTbe».57
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HO)f{a B 3aTbIJIOK no,lJ. nepBbIM rneMHbIH n03BOHOK. 3anpemaJIOCb pe3aTb ro-
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peH, TO B 31'OH IOpTe ceMbR paCCOpI1TCSI. 58
KOJIeHHble 1.J:allleQKH (TOMbIX), nJIIOCHbI (TOJIapCbIX) Ii aCTparaJIbI (xa3bIX)
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60
B.H. bymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJIHo AATaa
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rne51 pe6eHKa 6Y.I(eT Kpen4e. 62
BepxHl1e npaBbIe ,n:Ba pe6pa (noraHaHaH, Kl1reHe) HHKorJ(a He paClffieHSlJIH.
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61
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qaM cy ecTBOBaJI Y Ka3aXOB. 63
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6y,nYT HeHaBH):(eTb .npyr .apyra)],o CaMOH CMepTH. n03TOMY B HapO)];e Bpa)K.nY-
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62
B.n. bymaHaeB 6ypxaHII3M TlOplCOB CaRHO-AATaJI
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3a6oJIen Ii CKOHqaJIC . C Tex nop pOt( Taap-6era npeKpaTHJICSI. 64
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77
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78
B.n. bymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TIOpKOB CaRHO-AATaR
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CHMBIIIMHCSI MHe COH nYCTb YH.IJ.eT BMeCTe C HOtlbIO, Ha paCCBeTe CHMBIlIHMCR
COH nYCTb BMeCTe C paCCBeTOM YM,[(eT!». EonbllIeH 4aCTblO rOBOpHJ1H TaK:
«TY3iMe Tynry Ci,L(e3iH!» - TIYCTb Ha MOM COH nOMOQIfTC5I JIHca!
I1TaK, cornaCHO MHpOB033peHHlO TlOpKOB CaRHo-ArrTaSl, 4enOBeK He 6bLJI
BeHQO t TBopeHHSI npHpO.LI.bl, a )lBJIRJICH ero QaCTblO. OH B03.n;eMCTBOBa1l Ha
OKpY)l(aIOlll.HM MHp nOCpe.LI.CTBOM MarH4eCKliX 3aKJIMHaHI1H, «3aKOJIbIJ;OBbIBa-
HUR» 3JIbIX CHJI, MOJIHTB BepXOBHOMY TBOPI.I.Y H nOJIYI.Jan nOKpOBHTeJIbCTBO
OT aHreJ10B- xpaHHTeneM.
2.5. Map HeBHAHMoH He1JHCTH, oKpymalOl!!eii qeJ\OBeKa
HeBMHMaSl OTpHQaTeJIbHaH CI1JIa, HeraTHBHO BJ1HHlOIl(aH Ha ITlO)J,eH Ii )l(H-
BOTHbIX 11 Bpe):{SiI.I.J.aSl 11M, HOCHT Y xaKaCOB co6HpaTeJIbHOe Ha3BaHHe «aMHa».
KaK CI.JHTaIOT TlOpKOJIOrH, ,AaHHOe CJIOBO nepBOHa4aJIbHO 03HaQaJIO l1paHC-
Koe no npOHCXO)l()J.eHI1IO nOHSITHe «3epKaJIO». XOHrOpIJ.bI C1.JHTaJ1H, 4TO B 3ep-
Kane OTpa)l(aeTCSI He1.JHCTaSl CHJIa. no BceM BH.lUiMOCTH, npOM30IlleJI ncpeHoc
3HaI.JeHHR CJIOBa.)],o CHX nop 3anpe aeTcH CMoTpeTb B 3epK(L10 HOl{blO, H60 B
HeM nOKa3blBaeTCSI «aHHa». TIO.no6HbIe nOBepbSll13anpeTbI, CBSl3aHHble C 3ep-
KaJIOM, OTpa)KalOT o6l.Ql1e npe.LI.CTaBneHHR tdHOrHX HapO OB 0 TOM, 1JTO 3epKa-
JIO RBJUleTCSI ,LJ;BepblO B napaJIJIeJIbHbIe MHpbI. HH B KaKOM .apyroM SI3bIKe TlOp-
KCKoro MHpa CJIOBO «aMHa» He ynoTpe6J1ReTCR B 3HaQeHHI1 He1.UICTH. Heo6xo-
AMMO OTMeTMTb, 1.JTO B waMaHCKI1X MOJIHTBaX OHO OTCYTCTByeT, 4TO rOBOpl1T
o pa3HOH pelfH MHpSlHHHa - «XaJIa» - M KaMa.
HeI.JHCTaH CHJIa «aMHa» OTHOCHTCSI K OC060MY «HapO.LIY», C03,L(aHHOMY
nO)J,3eMHbIM 60)l(eCTBOM 'l1pJIHK-xaHoM BO BpeMeHa COTBOpeHI15I 3eMJIJ1. ana
06HTaeT KaK B HH)I(HeM, TaK H B Cpe,1J.HeM MHpax. «AilHa» HeBH)].HMa ,L(J1}l 4eJIO-
BeKa. 4T06bI ee YBM,1J.eTb, Ha)].o B3rJIHHYTb H3-nO}]; JIeBOH nO)].MbIIllKH, corHYB
PYKY B Jl0KTe.
ECJ1H B pe1.JH 4eJIOBeKa 4aCTO npHMeHSleTCSI CJIOBO «aMHa», TO He4HCTaSl
CHJIa pa):{yeTcSI 3TOMY H MO)KeT HaBpe,L(I1Tb TaKHM JIIOL(SlM. B Ka 1.JeCTBe HHOCKa-
3aHHSI ynoTpe6J1S1IOT TepMHHbI «caM,1J.aH» - T.e. rnaHTaH, «iTKeK - cacxax» -
6YKB. TOJIKaIOIl{HH Ha npeCTYfIJIeHHH 11 T .JJ:. «AHHa» nO)l{HpaeT )l(M3Hb JIIOlI.eH,
npHHOCI1T 60JIe3HH, TOJ1KaeT Ha caMoy6MHcTBa, npeCTynneHHSi.
92
B.n. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TJOpKOB CaRHo-AATaR
HeqHCTaSi CliJIa BHraeTC}l fIO CBOHM nYTSlM «aHHa 40J1hI», npH1.IeM nopoH
KPYTMTC}l no HHM B B e BHXpSI. 00 npe.lJ.CTaBJ1eHliHM XOHrOpl(eB, cYll1eCTByeT
)],YX-X03S1I1H .lJ.OpOrM «QOJI 333i qOJIJJ;aii xaH», KOTOpbIH nOMoraeT nYTHMKaM J1
BbIBO,nHT HX K JIIO,n M. 3a6JIY HBllJHHCSI qeJIOBeK OJ1)1(eH 6bDI nOMeHSlTb CTenb-
KH OOYBH, QT06bI c6MTb C TOJIKY HelJHCTb, H 06paTMTbC7I K qOJ1.lI.aH-xaHY: «OH
capHHa TapTHM Ma? COJI capMHa TapTHM Ma?» - npHHjJTb BJIeBO HJIM BnpaBO?
oporM HMeJIH TPH KoneH - ,L(Be OT KOJIeC H O,L\Ha, nocepe,[{HHe, OT KonbIT
J10rna,lJ.H. neBaSl CTopOHa ,L\OpOfH npHHaJLJ1e)KaJIa HeQHCTH «aMHa». nelllHe
nYTHHKH )J,OJI)J(HbI 6bIJIH XO.L\HTb TonbKO no npaBOH Konee - «xY,L\aH qOJIbI»
(T.e. 60:>KHH nYTb). HOQbIO, Ha1.1I1HaSl C «KpaCHOfO Beqepa», nOCpe,lJ,HHe ,lJ,OpO-
rM 6po,nMnM 6e3fJ1a3ble 1.JepTH. n03TOMY cpeAH ul KOJIeSl Ct.{MTanaCb OnaCHOM:.
XOHfOPll.bI 6bIJIM YBepeHbI, t.{TO 60J1e3HM QeJ10BeK «nO,lJ,XBaTbIBaeT» B nYTH.
n03TOMY MH<peKll.MOHHbIe H rpHnno3Hble 3a60J1eBaHM5f B xaKaCCKOM Sl3bIKe
HallinH Ha3BaHHSI: «qOPbIX aaJIl.(bl» - .lI.OpO)KHblM: fOCTb; «KH3ir.1 aaJ1q,bI» - ny-
TerneCTBYIOIlJ,MM rocTb; «KHCKeK» - rynjllOmHM H T ..Lt.
HellMcTaSi CHJIa 60HTC}l OCTpbIX npe.lI.MeTOB (HO)l{a, HO:>KHl1l1" Tonopa), KO-
JIlOqHX KYCTapHHKoB (605lpbIlllHHKa, 30JIOTapHHKa, llIHnoBHHKa, KpbDKOBHH-
Ka, 06nenwxH), KOTopbIe TaK H Ha3bIBanHCb: «aMHa aFaCTapbD) - qepTOBbI
,L\epeBb5l. OHM npHMeH»JIMCb np" JIeLleHHH 60J1e3HeM: ,L\JISI H3fHaHHSI HeqHCTH.
He4HCTYlO CMJIY «aMHa» MO:>KHO nOpa3HTb BbICTpeJ10M 113 PY)Kb5I, 3apSl)l{eHHOrO
6pOH30BOH KpyrJIOH nyroBHueH «xona Mapxa», I1J1H 6pOH30BbIM HO)l{OM. CBM-
Hell. Ha Hee He .n:eMcTByeT. BnJJOTb)10 COBeTCKOH 3nOXH Bce xaKaCbI B KaqeCTBe
aMyneTa npOTHB «aHHbI» HOCMH 6pOH30Bble nyroBHll.bI. Bep05lTHO, 3TH npe,n-
CTaBJIeHI1» YXO;:UIT B rny6HHY BeKOB, BO BpeMeHa 3nOXH 6pOH3bI.
OpH pO)l(,neHHH pe6eHKa HeQHCTa51 CMJIa «aMRa» CTapaeTC51 3aXBaTHTb ero
)KH3Hb. n03TOMY BO BpeMj{ 06pe3aHHSI nYI10BHHbI nOBHTyxa ,il.OJI)I{Ha paHbllle
«aHHbI» aTb BpeMeHHoe HMj{ pe6eHKY, .ua6bI He npH3BaJIH ero 3JIble CHJIbI.
OKOHQaTeJlbHOe 11M» MaJIbllllY ,AaBaJ1H Ha HMeHHHax «I1aJla TOMbl». CTapble
.ueBbI, cornaCHO nOBepb»M, caMH CTaHOB}lTC}l HeLlHCTOM: CHJIOH )l(HJIHw,a (QYPT
aMHa3bI), 1160 He BblnOJlH5IoIT}H CBoero COIJ.HaJIbHOfO npe.L{Ha3HalleHlUI - MaTe-
pl1HCTBa.
«AHHa» I10CenSleTCSI B nycrblHHbIX MeCTax - «33ft l{UP», r;:I.C OTCYTCTBYlOT
.ilYXM - X03SIeBa 1eCTHOCTH, T.e. B 3a6pollJeHHbIX .lI.OMaX H Ha TeppMTopHH 6bIB-
UUiX KOlleB"" (KOCKeH H6HiH; aHHa3bl). CornaCHO Hap0JJ,HbIM nOBepbSlM, B 3a6-
pOllleHHOM )l(MJIHIUe 3arrpeIIJ.aJIOCb HOlleBaTh, HHaqe nOfH6Heilib. ECJlH cJIyqaii-
HO npMXOlJ;I1JIOCh 3aXO,LUiTb B TaKHe Mecra, XOHfOpl{hI 11'M paJa nneBMH H npo-
H3HOCHJIM: «He SI 3allJeJI, a PYCCKMM qenOBeK». PaccKa3bIBalOT, qTO O.LI.Ha)l{.lI.bI
:IeTOM )].Ba OXOTHHKa, B03Bpama.HCb 113 TaHrH, BCTpeTH..1J13a6poweHHoe 3HMHee
KOqeBbe. O.L{HH 113 HHX pellum 3aHOQeBaTb B 3TOM nYCTOM ,lJ.OMe, a LlpyrOM: - Ha
KJIa,n.6MllJ.e. Y CHYBlllHM cpe)],M Morlffi BCTpeTl1JI pa,lIYlllHbIH npHeM y nOMMHaJIb-
93
B.n. EymaHacB 6YPXaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJlHo-AATaJI
HbIX ,lJ,yrn «CYPYH». Ero OXpaHIDI CaM ,L{YX-X03S1HH KnaJJ.6Hll{a B 06pa3e 3aHIJ;a.
CBOerO rOCTS! OHH HaKOpMHJ1H H HanOI1J1H BHHOM. YTpOM Y HerO 6hUI pOT B cane.,
a )l(eJIYj(OK CbIThIH. 3aTeM OH OTnpaBM.JICS! K 3a6porneHHOMY ,L(OMY, r e OCTaJICS!
HOqeBaTb TOBapHIl.\. Ha ero 30B Ii3 nYCToro )KMJIHma nOCJlbIlilaJICSI ronoc: «00-
.[I.O)K)].H HeMHoro, ceH4ac Ha,il.eHY canorH». 4epe3 HeKOTopoe BpeMS!, KOfLI.a OH
TpeTHH pa3 OKJIMKHYJ1 TOBapHma, 113 nYCToro ,L(OMa BbICK01.IHJIa rpOMa,L(HaH MY-
xopTaH c06aKa C OKpOBaBJIeHHOM naCTblO. 3TO 6bIJIa He1.IHCTa CMJIa «aMHa»,
3arpbI311Ia}l nyrHI1Ka. C Tex nop xOHropu.bI C4HTaIOT, lITO JIYllrne nepeH04eBaTb
Ha KJIa 6MllI.e, qeM B nycroM )J.OMe (33H qYPT).103 TIO.n06Hble npe,QcraBJIeHHH
6bITYlOT Y COCe,lJ,HHX aJITaHIJ,eB, KOTopble T04HO TaK )Ke YTBep)l()].aIOT, 1.ITO B
3a6porneHHbIX ,L(OMaX )KHBYT 1.IepTH - «a3a».
K KaTeropHH He4HCToH CIDIbl «aMHa» OTHOCHJ1HCb TaK)I(e TaKl1e nepCOHa)l(H
xaKaccKoH )J.e 10HOJIOfHH, KaK «llUK» - 6ec, XOdRU4UU I-tOl.{blO (T)i}-me 1.Iopep 1.IHK).
3arpo6HbIM MHp HHor)J.a Ha3bIBaIOT «l{,UKnliI-(l{,upi» - 3eMJlR 1l0ll11blX 6eco6. BnoJl-
He BepOSlTHO LITO KOpeHb CJIOBa BOCXO,lJ,HT K rJIarony «yi» -- eCTb, nOe,L{aTb, T .e.
He1.IHCTaSi ClUIa, nOe,L{alOll.(a51 JIIO,L(eM. .L(eMoH, npHHOCSlIlU1M HeCLJaCTbSl H TOJIKa-
IOI.IJ:HM qeJIOBeKa Ha npecrYruIeHHSI, Ha3bIBaeTC}l «bIH bIX». CnOBO rrpoHCXO)].HT
OT ,lJ,peBHeTlOpKCKOro «bIHqaK» - ne1.IaJlbHbIH, CTOHY I1H, T.e. npHHOCSlUJ;H" ne-
qarrb. EcnH B ceMbe pO aeTC5I MOXOM pe6eHOK, TO B )l(11J1H e npHXO)].I1T He-
CqaCTbC - «bIHt.J,bIX». Cpe,L(H pO)J,CTBeHHHKOB Ha4:HHalOTCSI CCOpbI, CKaH)].aJIbI,
Ll.paKH. nO)].06Hoe 6ecOBCKOC OTpOLl.bC Cpe,lJ,H xaKaCOB HMCHYIOT «qypT bIHqpIFbI»
-- He1.IHCTb )l(MJIHllJ,a. qepHaSi CIDla, BbI3bIBalOw.aSl 60JIC3HH y JIIOLl.eM M CKOTa,
Ha3bIBaeTCSI «cineMip». BepO}lTHO, CJ10BO npOHCXO,L(HT OT r"T}arOJIbHOrO 06pa30-
BaHHSI «CUIC» - npOKJIHHaTb, T.e. npOKJ1HHalOmaSi ClU1a.
I)YKa, KOTOpbIM nyralOT .nereM, M3BeCTHa y )l(HTCJIeM XOHropaSi no):( Ha3Ba-
HHeM (nyy) «noo». 6YKa 60HTCSI,lJ,OMarnHCro CBeTa H CJIe,aHT 3a MaJIbIWaMM 113-
3a OKHa. n03TOMY ,a;eTj{M 3anpell1aeTCSI HOqbIO CMOTpeTb B OKHO. HaLl.o Ll.o6a-
BMTb, QTO XOHropl bI npHMeHSlJII1 Ha3BaHI1e «noo» TaK)I(e M,lU1S1 0603Ha1.IeHH51
pa3Horo pOJJ.a HaBa)l{)].eHI1M. HanpI1Mcp: «KHCKCK nYY3i» - )J.YX HHcpeKUMoH-
HbIX 60JIe3HeM, n05IBJISIIOllU1MC» H01.IblO B BI1,l],e na,aalOll(erO MeTeOpl1Ta
«nOOH1.(aX noo3i» - 6ecoBcKoe HaBa)l(,l],eHl1e, nO,L(TaJIKHBalOllI.ee qeJIOBeKa K
caMoy6HMCTBY 4cpe3 nOBerneHHe; «aMHa no03i» - nyraJIo H T.,lJ.. TepMI1H «noo»
H3BeCTeH B H3bIKax MHOfMX TIOpKO-MOHfOJIbCKHX Hapo)],oB. KbIprbI3bI TSlHb-
lllaHSI CJIOBOM «600» Ha3blBalOT 6YKY, MOHfOJIbI - rnaMaHOB, a nO-TypelJ,KH
«6YHY» - KOJI,AOBCTBO, 1.IapbI, BOJIllIe6CTBo. EecoBcKoe OTpO,L{be M3 npeHCnO,lJ,-
HeM HJIM npe):(cTaBI1TeJIb HeQI1CTOM CHJIbI, Tpe6YIOI.1U'Ili )KepTBOnpI1HOllIeHHH,
HOCI1T Ha3BaHMe «CbIMbIJI» (qHK - al1HaHbI CbIMbIJIbI). CbIMbIJ1hI MorYT nOKa-
3bIBaTbCSI B 06pa3e npecMblKalOlllHxcSI- J1HryrneK, Slll.(epI1U, 3MeH. 4epe3 HHX
pacnpOCTpaH}lIOTC51 Hel13JIeqHMbIe 6one3HI1- paK, CHcpHJII1C 11 )J.p.
«Ca.lldbl» - '-IepllblU 6ec, )KI1BYlUI1H B nycToM ,L(OMC. n POI1CXO)l()J:eHHe ero
CB5I3bIBaIOT HnM C )J.yrnoH YMeprncro B IOpTe qenOBeKa, I1JIH C HeYI1CTOH Cl-L'10M,
nO)J.6pOllleHHOH B OM rnaMaHOM. B nycrblx )J.oMax, r)J.e 1110):(11 nOr116..'1M OT 311011
94
B.H EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaRHo-AATaJI
CHJIbI «CaJ"1.abI», HOl.fblO CJIbIlllaTC}} rJIYXMe Y.lJ.apbI 6y6Ha (xapa ryyp). 51CHOBM,lI.-
UbI MOrYT YBH.aeTb «CaJI.n.bI» B 06pa3e KaMJIaIOIJJ.erO 4epena qenOBeKa. fIo xa-
KaCCKOMY 06hIlJaIO 3anpewaeTCSI 6paTb BellJ,11 113 JXOMa, f)].e CKOHLJaJIHCb X03SIe-
Ba, MHalle MO)l(HO npMBe3TH C COGOH HeLJI1CTYIO CI1JIY «CaJ1)].bI». B KaqeCTBe OC-
Kop6.neHIUI cnoBarvlM «lJypT CaJI)J.bI3hI» - T.e. .LlOMaUlI-IHH 6ec, 063bIBaJIH crapblx
XteB, CTapHKOB "JIM CTapyx, Y KOTOphIX Bce pO.LlHbIe L(aBHO CKOH'llaJIHCb.
«lJwz-aac» (6YKB. r0J10C BeTpa) - He6U()U)\,tblU ()yx, ronoe KOToporo o6pa-
meH K t.JeJIOBeKY. I1HOrL(a B BeTpeHbIM .n.eHb CJIbIlllHTCSI HeBe,lJ;OMbIH ronoc,
KOTOpbIM 30BeT 4eJIOBeKa, Ha3bIBaSi ero 11M}}. 3TO «f.{MJI-aac» nbITaeTC}I 3a6-
paTh )l(M3HeHHYIO CMJIY «XYT». B TaKOM CJlY4ae Ha,IJ.O TPM pa3a npOKpMlJaTb
CBoe MMSI 11 n03BaTb ero «11,lJ;11 CIO.LJ.a», MHa'-le .ayrna «XYT» OKa)l(eTCSI B ero
PYKax. XaKaCCKoe Ha3BaHHe «4HJ1-aac» BOCXOJJ.MT K ;J.peBHeTlOpKCKOMY Tep-
MMHY «Hen» - .LJ.eMOHHtIeCKOe cYllJ,eCTBO, 3JIO" .LJ.YX.
Ha ceBepe XOHropaH KbI3bIJIbQbI HeBI1,lJ;I1MOrO BeCTHMKa HMeHY1QT «33H
Ta6blc» - nycTbIHHbIH rOJIOc. Ha.LJ.o OTMeTM1b, t.JTO Ii xaKaCCKOM 5I3bIKe Bblpa-
)l(eH e «33H-aac» - 6YKB. nYCToe CJIOBO, npMMeH}}eTCSI B OTHOIlleHHM MaTep-
I.IJ;MHbI. EpaHHbIM }l3bIKOM 06maIOTcSI C HeKoTopbIMH Jl.yxaMI1 60JIe3HeH (Hanpl1-
Mep, C J(yxaMM ocnbI).
H ellucmaR CWlQ, KOTopaSi TOJIKaeT JIIOJJ;eH Ha caMoy6I1HCTBO Qepe3 nOBe-
llleHHe, HOCHT Ha3BaHMe «nOON LJax» (6YKB. neTJISI, Y3eJ1). aHa o6lITaeT no
6eperaM peK cpe.aH qepHOTaJIa (xapa TaJIJlbIF 1.IHp.ae 4YPTTbIF) JiJIM OKOJIO BH-
xopeBbIX epeBheB (THp6i aFac). «DOOH'l(ax» nO}1BJ1 eTC5I KpacHbIM BeqepOM
B o6pa3e )l(eH I1HbI, o.neTOH B xaKaCCKYlO rny6y C KpaCHOH KaMMoH If ,aep)Ka-
we" B PYKax pa3HOUBeTHbIH apKaH. OHa npeJJ.JlaraeT CROH YCJIyrM, J(aeT B
PYKM BepeBKY H IIOJJ.HHMaeT J11OJJ.eH Ha 4epHOTaJI. nOBeCI1BIllMeCSI 111OJJ.11 Ha
TOM CBeTe CTaHOB}lTCSI e3J(OBbIMM KOHSlMH «nOOH aXa».
Ee MO)J(CT YBHJJ.eTb TOJIbKO }lCHOBI1.LJ:CU H onpe):(eJIMTb no blp}lBOH MaKYIII-
Ke rOJIOBhI. «TIoOHq,ax» MO)KHO nOpa3MTb BbICTpenOM H3 PY)i(bSl, 3apSl)J(eHHoro
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,a.Sl Ha J10Illa.lI.I1HYIO Tpony, H60 «IIOOH'l(ax» 60HTCSI KOHCKoro KonbITa.
ECJIH «nOOHlJ,ax» nOBa,lJ;I1JIaCb K qeJIOBCKY 11 npe,lUIarac r eMY 3a,lJ.YlllMTbCH,
TO COBepllIaJIl1 CJIe.uYIOIlU1H Orpa)K)],alOlUHH 06PM. Ha6MB IH rny6y TpaBO" 11
npl1BSl3bIBaJII1 ee KOHOIIJI}lHOH BepeBKoH HJII1 )l(rYToM cKpY4eHHoH TpaBbI K
.aepeBY. 3aTcM CTera.aH BHCHIl..{YIO wy6y KHYTOM, YTBep)l(JJ.aSl, lITO nOBeCI1JICSI
X03S1HH O.LJ;e)l(;J.bI, Ha3bIBaSi ero 11M}}. Kor.il.a TpaBa QY4e.aa CfHHeT 11 pa3BaJIHT-
C}I, TO BepHJIM, 1{TO «nOOIl1.{ax» 60J1bllIe He npH.aeT. 104
nOMI1MO Het.JHCTOM CMJIbI «aHHa» Ii npeJ1.CTaBJIeIlHbIX ee pa3HOBHlI.HOCTeM,
BOKpyr qeJIOBeKa el.I..{e BHTalOT 3J1ble ()yxu - «jJfnlbl». K HI1M OTHOC}lTCSI .rtYWH
YMepllIHx JIIo)1eH, nOJIHOCThlO OTJJ.eJ1I1BlllHeCSI Qepe3 ro):{ nOCJle CMepTH OT rvulpa
)f(HBbIX H npIfHOCHlUl1e MMpSiHaM HeC4aCTbSl. CTpaHa YMepwHx .il.YIII - «Y3YT
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B H. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaRHO-AATaJI
1.IHpi» HaXO.LU1TCSI B CTOpOHe 3aXO.aa COJIHua, 3a Xpe6TOM «YTTir TaC» - 6YKB.
,L(blpSlBbIH KaMeHb, B BepXOBbSlX A6aKaHa. OHM )l(HBYT TaM CeJ1eHHSlMH Ha rope
«1.IHTi nYTTblr nYJIaH Tar» - 6YKB. Ce tHHoraSl CoxaTaSl ropa, I1MeHyeMaSl no-
PYCCKI1 «WaMaH». Heo6xo,[UIMO OTMeTI1Tb, 1.ITO rnaMaHbI ceBepHbIX aJITaM-
u.eB (qeJ1KaHQeB) OTnpaBJIIDIH l{YlllH YMepIlJ"X JIIO,lJ.eM TaK)Ke « B 3eMJIlO Kblp-
rbI30B (6acceHH p. A6aKaHa) B YHTY-Tarn (T.e. YTTir Tac -B.D.), OTKY.lI.a, no
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KaSi .IJ;OLJb, KOTOpyIO OH YMepTBl1JI CBOMM HeBHHHbIM nouenYCM. C TCX nop JIIO,aH
ocnbI CTaJIl1 «rOCTHTb» B HarneM MHpe. ECJII1 6bI CbIH UaPHl(bI Xapa-Capblf He
nOCCTI1JI 3eMJIIO OCIIbI, 3Ta 60JIe3Hb He HarnJ1a 6bI opory B XOHropaH. 109
Bo BpeM5I 60J1e3HH OcnOM: xaKaCbI YCTpaHBaJ111 ,l1.0MalllHI1H npa3,L1:HI1K. Ha
CTOJ1 CTaBH.J111 yrOI.QeHl1e, KaK 6Y.L(TO 6bI npl1HI1Ma}l nOl.J:eTHhIX fOCTeH. «bOJ1b-
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.ayrua «1.Jyna», OT,L(bIXalOIl(aSi 01' 6peHHoro Tena BO BpeMSI CHa lfeJIOBeKa.
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,L(epeBbSIX HallHHalOT pacnYCKaTbCSI JII1CTh5I. no,Q 6epe30H 6heT HCT04HHK C
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TblpeM. Ha rope CYMepy Ha Tpex CBSIlUeHHblx .Qy6ax HaxO.QHTCjI fHe3J{O cynpy-
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TBYlO BOLf.Y. OHM CJIY)KaT e3,LlOBbIMH llTI1l.(aMH 60raTbipCH repOHLfeCKHX CKa3a-
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OTO)l(,L(eCTBJ1S1eTC c COJIHueM. 06pa3 ropbI CYMepy Ii nTHQbI rapY.l1.a (XaH
KHpeTi) npoHHK B 6ypxaHM3M no)], BJ1H HHeM 6YJ1,LU13Ma.
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CillIbI, nOCJ1e B03BpameHHSI B C0J1He4HbIH MHp ,lI,OJDKHbI 6bIJIM nO.LUUlTbC5I Ha ropy
108
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CYMepy. 3L(eCb OHM OKYpl1BaJIli ce65I hIMOM 6orOpOJJ.CKOH TpaBbI <lip6eH) H
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HMS! CBeTJIbIX MbICJ1eH. KOHil, YlJacrBoBaBlllHe B 60eBbIX noxoJJ.ax 60raTblpeM,
OTnYCKaJIHCb naCTHCb Ha nacr611 e rOpbI CYMepy H Ha BOJJ.OnOH K o3epy <<Ax C)iT
KOJ1». t}HCTbIH BeTep CB llueHHOM rOpbI YHOCIDI npOllb 3anam HeQHCTI1.
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4eCKHx CKa3aHHjlX BO BpeM 6HTBbI 60raTbIpeH, rOBOpHTCjI: «qaac ry6i qapblJI
XaJIFaH, YJlrep Ty6i Y3iJI XaJIraH» - )::(HO 3eMHOH nOBepXHOCTH paCKOJIOJIOCb,
OCHOBaHHe 3Be3,n; OTOpBaJIOCb. 3eMJI 11 He60 HMeIOT Kpa5l, rJJ.e HaXO.l1I1TCjI npo-
XOJ( B )].pyroH MMp. MeCTO conpHKOCHOBeHIia He6a C 3eMJIeM HOCI1T Ha3BaHHe
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OHO HaXO)].I1TCjI 3a ropH30HTOld, y OCHOBaHHSI He6a.I1LleHTH1JHoe npe.ll.CTaBJ1e-
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Ml141oJ10rMM. OHM CJ1Y)KMJIH BopOTaMH Me)I()J.Y He60M Ii 3eMJIeM. HOqblO M .aHeM
OHM, KaK ,aBa 60,aaIOIUMXC 6bIKa, CXO.nMJIMCb M pacxo,n;HJIHCb, He nponYCKa»
HHKoro 3a npeLlenhl HeJJ.03B0J1eHHoro. 11 3eMJI5I, H He60 HMeIOT KaK CBoe LlHO,
TaK 11 BepXHl1e OKHa B BH.ne LlbIMOBoro OTBepCTH lOpTbI «TYH.LJ:YK» (THrip
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Ax...xy a51 If ero aHTlfTIo,aa -l1pJ1HK-xaHa.
3.2. COTBopeHHe 3eMAH H qeAOBeKa
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qepHbIMH n.YMaMH Ii 6blJI TBOpl{OM HH)KHerO MHpa - «To6iHKi qa5l1.JbI». no.no6-
Hoe rrpe.aCTaBJIeHHe HMeeTC5I B BepOBaHlf}lX 30poacrpHMueB, f)].e OpMa3,lJ. H
AXpl1MaH 5IBJIID1HCb pO HbIMI1 6paTb MH. 24
o COTBopeHHH 3eMJIH B KOCMoce CYllJ,eCTBOBaJI TOJIbKO MHpOBOM OKeaH.
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Man COTBOpMTb 3eMJIIO. Ero MJIa)].lllHH 6paT I1pJIHK-xaH nO,L{CKa3aJI: «fio,LI.
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HOK OH YTal1jJ BO PTY.
109
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nJIblTb BMeCTe Ha nOBepXHOCTM BO,L{bI. 3aTeM OH paCCblnaJ' neC1.IHHKH Ha J1X
CnI1HaX, 113 KOTOpbIX BblpOCna 3eMJHI. C03.aaJIHCb pOBHa fIJIOCKOCTb Ii XOpO-
IIIH.e.nOpOrl1. Ho B 3TOT MOMeHT I1pJIHK-XaH, rOBOpjI: «nYCTb B03HHKHYT rOpbI
H CKaJIbI!» - BblnJIIOHYJI"3 pTa YTaeHHbie neC1.IJ1HKH. B pe3YJIbTaTe Ha MeCTaX
npOTOpeHHbIX JJ;opor B03HHKJIH HenpOXO,L(J1Mble rOpbl11 OTBeCHble nponaCTM.
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THB ropbI H yw.enbH, C03,L{aHHbIe MHOIO, Bce TBOH TBapH nYCTb nOHeBone e
npOKJIS!TMeM BcnOMMHaIOT H Moe IfMjI!»
B CBH3H C TeM, '-ITO 3eMJ1SI nOKOMTCSI Ha Tpex BeJIHKMX pbI6ax, TO I1Hor.na,
Kor.n.a OHM BMJIbHYT XBOCTaMI1, npOMCXOJJ.MT 3eMJIeTpSlceHHe. 3TOT ClO)I(eT xa-
paKTepeH H J{nSl MH<pOJ10rMH aJITanueB. MorY1JHn YJIbreHb, KaK rJIaCSIT MX
MH<pbl, BO BpeMeHa COTBopeHIUI 3eMnH C03J{aJI TPH rHraHTCKHe pbI6bI H YKpe-
nHn Ha HX cnHHax 3eMJIIO. 25
3aTeM Ax-XY,L(ai1 3a.nYMaJ1 COTBOpHTb CKOTHUY. Kor.II.a OR C03,L(aBaJI :>KHBOT-
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OH OTpC3aJI MjICO nOqeK Ii npIDIenHJI KopOBe. C Tex nop y Beex )l(MBOTHhIX nOQKH
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eMY no,npa)l(aTb. OH COTBOpHJl K03Y 11 CBI1HbIO. O,nHaKO, KOf.na OH I1X O)KHBHJI,
TO OT rHYCHoro 6JIC}lHHSI K03bI M xpIOKaHb}l CBI1HhH caM He BbI)J.ep:>KaJI H CKpblJ1-
CH. C Tex nop HI1 K03Y, HM CBHHbIO He npHHOCSIT B :>KepTBY BepXOBHbIM 60raM,
Ha3bIBaSl I1X ,Ll.b BOJIbCKI1MH JKHBOTHbIMH (aMHa MaJIbI).
Ax-Xy.n.aiI peIlIHJI COTBOpHTb qeJIOBeKa. Kor.n.a OH C03,JJ,aJ1 ero Teno 113
rJIHHbI, TO HHKaK He Mor npHJJ.YMaTb, r,Ae HaMTM no)J.xo,JJ, W;YIO ,[I.YlllY. O,[(Ha)l(-
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nponen: «)].a)l(e ecnH Oll 11 YMHbIH, HO MbICJIH He XBaTI1JIO. Pa3Be HeJIb3 B3 Tb
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C03,naHl1e c06aKe M KOlliKe. «I1pJU1K-XaHa 6nH3KO He nO,IJ,nYCKaHTe!» - npHKa-
3an OH. B Ha\.faJIe CBoero CYLUeCTBOBaHHSI c06aKa 6bIJIa ronoH, 6e3 rnepCTH.
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p03. Co6aKa 3aTpSlcnach OT HeBbIHOCHMoro XOJIO,lJ.a. «51 Te6e nO)J.aplO wy6y, B
KOTOpOH TbI He 6y.nellb Mep3HYTb, - yroBapHBaeT I1pJII1K-XaH, - HO TOJIbKO
110
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He nOKI1)JJUIO. OHa npe,aynpe lUIa I1pJIHK-xaHa: «CMOTpeTh CMOTpH, HO PYKa-
MH He TporaH!» TOT noxo,U.H.n BOKpyr, HO TPOHYTb qeJIOBeKa He pHcKHyn.
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IfM TenOM npHKpblBaTb qeJIOBeKa. C Tex nop xOHrop bI C1JHTaIOT, 1.{TO Y KOIlI-
KH pOT rpR3HbIH (nYPTax), a lllepCTb LIHCTa5I, If n03TOMY ee MO)l(HO rJIa,aMTb. Y
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OT I1pnHK-xaHa.
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c06aKa XO.D.I1T B rny6e, a Ha 3eMne rYJ15ICT xono):{. Ax-Xy.aaif nonp060BaJI
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3aMep3HeT». «Bce )l(e TbI cTynaH. ECJ1H jJ OKa:>KYCb Ha 3eMJIe, TO Bce :>KHBOe
cropHT OT MoeH lKapbl». JIYHa He CTaJIa 60JIbille B03paJKaTb, cnYCTHJIaCb Ha
3eMJ11O H 3a6paJIa K ce6e 4HJI6HreHa, KorJ{a TOT men no JIb.n:y EHHceH. Kor,na
HOllHoe CBeTMJIO OKa3aJIOCb Ha 3eMJIe, JIIOJ{li H3-3a JII060nbITCTBa CTaJII1 BbIr-
JIMbIBaTh H3;J;OMOB Ha YJIHUY. n03TOMY JIHl.{O lIeJIOBeKaCTaJIO 3aKaJIeHHbIM 11
He Mep3HeT Ha Mop03e. C Tex nop qHn6HreH HaXO HTCjJ Ha J1YHe. Bo BpeMSI
nOJIHonYHHH XOpOlUO BM HeIOTC TeMHble nRTHa CeMHrOJIOBOrO qY.l1.0 BH1 ua.
KpacHbIM BeqepOfvt ,L{eTSlM 3allpell.l,aJIOCb KpHliaTb, T.K. qMJ16HreH cnYCTI1TCJI C
JIYHbI M 3a6epeT C C060H pe6eHKa.
B KOHl.{e KOHU,OB BeJlMKo.aYlUHbIH Ax-XYJI.aH He BblJ(ep)f((L'1 3JIhIX K03HeH
HpJlHK-XaHa" peIllI1J1: «Ha 3TOH 3eMJIe nYCTb He 6y.aeT Mecra )J..J1S1 3JIOrO TBOp-
ua!» I1P:U1K-xaH B3MOJUUICSI" nOnpOCHJI OCTaBI1Tb eMY HeMHoro 3eMJ1M, XOTSI
6bl BeJIl1llHHOH C lOPTY. Ho Ax-Xy.aaM 6hIn HenpeKnOHeH. «)J.aH JKe MHe 3eM-
112
B.H. bymaHaeB 6ypxaHH.3M TlOpKOB CUHO-AATaJI
JIIO, XOT5I 6bl BenHQHHOH C oqar IOpTbl!» «11 3TOH 3eMJ1H He .l{aM!» - OTBeTHJI
BepXOBHbIH TBOpeQ. «Hy xopOWO, ):{aH )ice MHe KJIOt.{OK 3eMJIM, Ha KOTOPYIO
onHpaeTcSI KOHeu Moero nocoxa», - npoH3Hec I1pJII1K-xaH. Ax-Xy aM corna-
CMJICR. T or,IJ.a I1pJ1HK-XaH I10COXOM npoTKHYJI 3eMJIIO H cnycTMJIc» no Hee.
npOBaJIHBaRCb CKB03b 3eMJIIO, OH 06pe3aJI CBOM 60Ka H KpOBL HeqeCTHBua
6phI3HYJ1a Ha 3eMJUO M He60. Ha He6e KanJI" KpOBH I1pJIHK-XaHa npeBpaTH-
JIHCb B MJ1eqHbIH nYTb, Ha3bIBaeMbIH no-xaKaCCKM «XbIpO '-IOnbl» - )::{opora
HHe». Kor)].a npMXO,L{HT oceHH»R nopa, TO C MJIeqHOrO nYTH na,aaeT HHeH Ii
3aMOpa)KHBaeT 3eMJIlO.
113 oTBepcrlUl, npo6MToro nOCOXOM I1pJIHK-xaHa, H3-no 3eMJIH BblnOn3JIH
pa3JIHqHble ra)J.bI - 3MeH, n»rYIlIKM, '-IepBH M SlIl\epHQbl. TIoBepxHOCTb 3eMJIM
3anaQKaJIaCb HeQHCThIMH C03,lJ,aHH»MM (nYPTax). Ax-XY,LtaH 3a6pe3rOBaJI He-
QHCTblO H nO.lI.HID1C» Ha He6o. C Tex nop BeJIHKHH TBopeu 06HTaeT Ha He6ecax,
a HpJIMK-XaH BJ1aCTByeT B nO.lI.3eMHOM MMpe. 26
MblCJ1b 0 MI.I.{eHHH Ax-XYJ1.aIO He nOKHJJ:a.rta HpJIHK-XaHa, H BOT O.l1.Ha)K)].bI OH
CYMen YKpaCTb He6ecHble CBeTHJIa - COJIHue M nyHY, KOTOpbIX yrallI.HJI B nO,Lt3e-
Menbe. B nO.lI.He6eCHOM MMpe HaCTynRJIa KpOMernHaSi TbMa. Ax-XY.lI.aif c06pan
Bce )KMBbIe cymeCTBa M CTaJI C HMMH COBeTOBaTbCR, KaKMM 06pa30M BepHYTb
CBeTMna. nTMUbI 3aMeTHJIH, t.{TO cpe.lI.H HUX HeT MYJIPOH COBbl- «Qa6a xynax».
Tor.na OTnpaBHJIM JIaCTOQKY npl1rnaCHTb ee Ha BeJIHKI1H COBeT. B OTBeT Ha
npl1rnarneHHe nTHua «qa6a XYJIax» CKa3aJIa: «51 He Mory JIeTaTb HM HOl.JblO, HH
,Aa)Ke B 06J1aQHbIe .aHM. Pa3Be HeJIb3S cnpOCHTb Y ropHoro H petIHOrO .lI.YXOB
cnoc06 H3'b.SITHSI JIYHbI H COnHQa?» J1aCT01.JKa ,nOHeCJ1a Ax-Xy,[{aIO OTBer nTHl(hI
«qa6a xynax». BepxoBHblH TBOpeQ nO,L\YMaJI M pelllHJI: «nYCTh CXBaTMT rop-
Hoe 3XO H )KypqaHHe BO.ltbI! 3xo }lBJIjleTC}I r0J10COM ropHoro .l1yxa, a )l(yp4aHHe
- r0J10COM pe1.JHOrO .ayxa». 3aTeM 0" cnYCTHJ1C}I K I1pJIHK-xaHY. «3aQeM TbI KO
MHe npHllleJI?» -cnpaIIIHBaeT nOCne,L\HHH. Ax-Xy.[(aH rOBopMT: «ECJ1M TbI non-
MaeIllb ropHoe 3XO H JKypQaHHe pYQb», TO COJIHue H JIYHa TBOH HaBeKM. Ho
eCJIH He CYMeelllb BblnOJ1HHTb 3a)J,aHMR, TO BepHeIIlb CBeTHJIa Ha MeCTO!»
HpJIHK-XaH, 83»B Me,aHYIO 6YJ1aBY, OTnpaBIDICSI B rOpbI. Ho CKOJIbKO OH HH
CTYQan: 6YJIaBOH, 3XO He Mor nonMaTb. He cnpaBHBIllHCb co cBoeH 3a.LtaQeH,
I1pJIHK-xaH BbIHY)K,neH 6bIJl BblnYCTHTb JIYHY Ii COJIHue. C Tex nop llTHQa
«Qa6a xynax» HaXOJIMTCSI B nOtIeTe y J1lo,[{eH XOHropaSi.
«CMory JIM R nOJlytIHTb 06paTHO JIYHY H COJ1Hue?» -CnpOCHJI HpJIHK-xaH.
«Korna ropHoe 3XO HCQe3HeT, )l(ypqaHbe pyqbeB 3arJIOXHeT H XBoHHbIe J1HC-
Tbj( yna,aYT, TOf)J.a MX B03bMellJb», - OTBeTI1JI Ax-XY.lJ.aH. C Tex nop, t.Jepe3
Ka ble TPM ro,[{a, B BHCOKOCHbIM ro,lJ., I1pJIHK-xaH BblfJI.SI.L{bIBaeT Ii3 nO,[{3e-
MenbHoro ,1].bIMoxo,aa (qI1p TYH,ayri), .na6bI npOBepHTb CJIOBa BceBbIlliHero.
KYJJ;a ynaJ1,eT B3rJISI):( HpnHK-xaHa, B TOM CTopoHe npOHCXO.L{SlT pa3pYllleHlui H
KaTaCTpocpbI. ECJIH OH nocMOTpHT Ha HeGo, TO Hal.fHHaeTCSI 3acyxa, eCJIH Ha
113
B.H. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJlHo-AATaJI
nec - TO 3aCbIxalOT .aepeBb . il03TOMY BHCOKOCHbIH rOJ( (apTbIX lIbIJI) jiBJHleT-
CSI TSDKeJIbIM.
nOHMMa , llTO OH 06MaHYT, MpJIMK-XaH nOKJIIDICSl, 4TO CO BpeMeHeM npM-
,L{eT ero BJIaCTb 11 OH CTaHeT npaBI1Tb MHpOM. 27
l1.l\eHTHlJHbIe MHQ:>bI 0 COTBopeHHH 3eMJIM H qeJIOBeKa 6bITYIOT Y Bcex TlOp-
KO-MOHfOJ1bCKMX Hapo,aOB L{eI-rrpaJIbHOH A3MI1. 28 KpOf\.fe Taro, C03.L{aHHe MHpa
113 neClIHHOK HJIH rJ1HHbI, nO,LJ.H}lTbIX co .aHa OKeaHa B KJIIOBe nTHUbI, pacnpoc-
TpaHeHO B MH<pOJIOrHI1 He TOJ1bKO TlOpKO-MOHfOJIbCKHX, HO Ii YpaJIbCKHX, H
CJIaBSIHCKHX HapOLf.OB. CIO)I(eTbI 0 CTOpO:iKHBllIeH QeJ10BeKa co6aKe 6e3 lllep-
CTH, 0 nJleBKe caTaHbI Ha qenOBeKa, 0 C06aqbeM .aOJIe B XJIe6e H ):(p., llIHpOKO
npe,aCTaBJ1eHbI B MM£Pax MOHfOJ1bCKIIX 6YJ1.LU1CTOB H PYCCKHX xpHCTHaH. 29 Co-
rnaCHO MCCJIe.n;OBaHHSlM YlJeHblX, B ):(yarrHcTHlIeCKHX nOBepbHX cnaB H Ii TIOp-
KOB, OlleBH.lJ.HO, rrpOCJIeJKHBaeTCg CHJIbHOe BJII1SIHHe HpaHCKOH MM<p0J10rHH.30
3.3. «KoBe!! CReTa» H MeccaaHCKHe qaaHHH
COrJ1aCHO 6ypxaHHcTCKliM npeACTaBJIeHHSlM, 3eMHOH map B 6YAYll(eM O)l(H-
,naeT KaTaCTpo<pa B BH,n:e MHpOBoro nO)Kapa - «OTTbIf XaJIan» (6YKB. OfHeH-
HbIM XarIan), B pe3YJIbTaTe KOTOpOH nOrl16HeT B orHe 4eJIOBe1.feCTBO. CnaCYT-
CSI TOJIbKO npej.{CTaBHTeJIH beJIOH Bepb! (Ax-qaRH), 1160 B nOCJIe HHM )].eHb
Ml1pa - «TyreHq:i qbIJ)>> (6YKB. nOCJIe,aHHH ro.n) SIBHTCSI B BHJ1e MecCMH 6bIBIllHH
nOCJIe.L{HHH npaBHTeJIb CaRHO-AJITag «XoopaH-XaH» (B xaKaCCKHX BapHaH-
Tax - Ta):{ap-xaH, Ax-Ko6eK, AMbIp CapaH; Y aJITaHQeB - OHpOT-xaH; Y TY-
BHH eB - AMbIp CaHa). OH 3alI.{HTMT 6ypxaHHCTOB OT fH6eJIH H B03pO,lJJIT 6bl-
J1YIO CJIaBY XOHfopaSl.
,l{eJIeHHe JKH3HH Ha 3eMJIe Ha HCTOpl1l1eCKHe 3nOXM - «KaJIbnbI» (no-xaKac-
CKH «xa.rran») 6bIJIH 3al1MCTBOBaHbI 6ypxaHHcTaMH 113 naMaHCTCKHX yqeHHH.
Ka)l{,l(a «KaJIbna» KOH4aeTC MHpOBbIM KaTaKJ1H3MOM If HMeeT CBoefO DyMY
- CnaCHTeJl5l. 31
qeJIOBelleCTBO BO BpeMeHa 6eJIOfJIa30H 4Y.L{H Y)Ke nepe)KI1JIO nepBYIO Ka-
TaCTpocpy B BHAe BceMHpHoro nOTona - «CYF XaJIan» (6YKB. BO.il.HbIH xarran).
BeJ1I1KHH EeJlbIH TBOpeQ - Ax Xy aH npoH3Ben nOTon WJ HaKa3aHHH JlIo.neH,
KOTopbIe nepeCTaJ1H ero nOQMTaTb, COBeplllaR rpexH. 32
TOJ1bKO OAMH HCHOBH)1eu no MMeHI1 60pyc (XaH-Ilypryc) Y3HaJl 0 HaLlBH-
raIOll.{eMC5I onaCHOCTH. OH coopy.ru1JJ. ,L{epeBRHHbIM MOT, CKpenl1B ero MeJI,HbI-
MM cKo6aMM, KYD:a nOMeCTMJI )KeHY, ,lJ,eTeH, no nape Ka)l(JI,OrO BH)J.a 3BepeH 11
IITHl{. JIHllIb L(Ba )KIIBbIX cy ecTBa OTKa3aJIHCb OT YCJIyr bopyca. 3TO 6bIJII1
MaMOHT (aprblJIa«) II nTMu;a «rapy):(a» (XaH-KHpeTi), KOTopbIe nOHa;teIDIHCb
Ha CBOH CHJ1bI. Kor.aa pa3.JIHJICR BceMMpHbIH nOTOn, TO BC 3eMn ymJIa no.n:
BOLlY, 3a HCKJIlOlJeHMeM BeJIHKHX rop KHTa . TI03TOMY, rOBop T XOHrOPQbI
114
B.n. DymaHae8 6ypxaHR8M TlOpKOB CaaHo-AATaJI
KliTa.iu;eB HbIHe MHoro (KaK BOpCI1HOK Ha OBe4beM rny6e), a Hac MaJl0 (KaK
BOpCI1HOK Ha 0611IJIare OBeqbeW llly6bl).
BceMHpHbIH llOTon npo)J.OJ1)KaJIC B TeqeHl1e copOKa ,il,HeM H H04eH. Ha 39
AeHb nTMlJ,a «rapY.il.a» (XaH-KHpeTi) YCTana M ceJIa Ha 611BeHb MaMOHTa.
«Aprblnal{» He BbI):{ep)l(aJI HarpY3KH H BMeCTe c nTHIJ.eH «XaH-KHpeTi» YllleJI
no)); BO Y. C Tex nop HX He CTaJIO Ha 3eMJIe. 33 11 xaKaCbI, H TYBMHl1bI 6bIJIH
YBepeHbI, qTO nTHlJ.a XaH-Kl1peTi BbIrJI eJ1a HMeHHO TaK, KaK Ha PYCCKHX
Ivl0HCTax H Ka3eHHbiX neQaT5IX, r)].e H306pa)l(aeTCR uapcKI1H .LI.ByrnaBbIH opeJI. 34
Qepe3 40 ,UHeH Bo.n.a CTana y6bIBaTb Ii nOKa3aJIaCb BeplllHHa BbICOKOM
ropbI, K KOTOpOH npHCTaJI nnOT fiopyca. B qeCTb ero MMeHH ropa nOJIyqHJIa
Ha3BaHHe Eopyc. OHa CqIiTaeTC» CB»TbIHeM Cpe));H BepIllMH CaSlHCKHX xpe6-
TOB. BeJIHKHH lICHOBI1,1J;eQ 11 cnaCHTeJ1b po)].a 1.IeJIOBeqeCKOrO nOCeJ1HJ1CH B .no-
J1MHe Cpe.n.Hero EHHceR, 11 OT Hero n0J1Y4HJI CBoe Hat.JaJIO qepHOrOJIOBbIH Ha-
pOL( XOHfopaH. 35
no "lPyrl1M BepCHHM, nnOT «XOHropCKOfO Ho»» nOCJIe nOTona OC1'aHO-
BMJICSI Ha rope «hI3bIX» (6YKB. CBHmeHHaH) no EeJIOMY I1lOcy. «Ell{e He)J.aBHO
TaM HaXOLU-IJIH 6y JJ;TO 6bl OqeHb )].JIHHHble rB03):{11 01' 31'oro cy .il.Ha». 36 Ha 31'0"
CB IQeHHOH rope (HanpOTHB YCTbH p. TYHrYJKynb) xaKaCbI COBeplllaJIH 6yp-
xaHMCTCKHe MOJIeHHR. B Haqarre XX B. A. TorraHOB, «XOjJ;HBlllMH no CBRTbIM
MeCTaM [l1epycaJII1Ma], nOCTpOl1JI Ha 3TOM rope qaCOBHlO, nOCTaBI1JI B HeM
HKOHbI. Ii HHOpO,lUJ.bI XO,WIT TYJJ.a MonHTbCH, HO CBOl1X MOneHl1H H )l(epTBOnpH-
HOllleHMH no .n:peBHHM 06bI1.IagM Y)Ke He COBeprnaIOT».37 B COBeTCKoe BpeMH
tlaCOBHIO pa3pYIllHJIH, a KYJ1bTOBble aTpH6YTbI pa3rpa611.J1H.
06 HH KYJIbT ropbI EoPYc If MHQ:> 0 e));HHOM npe.nKe, cnaCrneMC5I Ha nno1'Y
OT nOTona, HeCOMHeHHO, B03HHKJ1H no)]. penHfH03HbIM BJIH5IHHeM MHpOBbIX
peJIHTHH. XOTH, Ha.n.o YKa3aTb, 1.ITO KYJIbT ropbI Eopyc CYll(eCTBOBaJ1 paHee Ii
6bIJl nepeHeCCH B HOBYIO Bepy H311IaMaHH3Ma. CB5IllJ.eHHbIM n THrJIaBbIH Eo-
pyc cnY)KMT CHMB0J10M PO)J.HOH 3eMJ1l1 Y XOHfOpu.eB.
XOHfopCKHe Ha3BaHHSI,apeBHero )KUB01'HOro - «aprbmaH», nTHlJ,bI -- «XaH-
KwpeTi» H ClO)I(eT 06 HX fH6eJU1 BO BpeMH nOTona nOJIHOC1'blO COBnaJJ;aIOT C
MOHrOJIbCKHMI1 MHcpaMH 0 nOTone. 38 no BeeM BH,LtHMOCTH, MH<pbI 0 BceMHpHoM
nOTone npOHHKJIH B XOHropaH no)); BJIHHHHeM 6YMH3Ma.
vlHoH BapHaHT 6M6JIeHCKOro MH a 0 BceMHpHOM nOTone CB»3aH C I1MeHeM
f0phI «t.{I1Ti XbIC» B .il.OJIMHe peKH ACKI13. KaK-To B .n.peBHHe BpeMeHa, Kor)J.a
HapO.iJ. CTCLl CHlIbHO nl1Th H rYJIHTb, HacrynHJl nOTOll. COpOK .l1.HeH H H04eH JIIDI
6ecnpepbIBHbIM .n:O b. CeMb l1.eB (llHTi XbIC) cnacnHCb OT BceMHpHoro HaBO));-
HeHIUI Ha llJ10TY. Kor.LI.a BO;J.a cnana, TO fiJIOT 3aJ.{ep)l(aJ!CH Ha O.l1.HOH 113 Bep-
liMH BbICOKOH ropbI, KOTopaR C Tex nop CTaJla Ha3bIBaTbC51 «t..{HTi XbIC» -T.e.
CeMh ,lJ,eB. ,[(0 CHX nop Ha 3TOH rope BCTpeqalOTCSI Me,l],Hble fB03,L{H OT oKaMe-
HeBIIlero n:IOTa. 39
lIS
B.H. EymaHaeB 6YPXaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJlHOwAATaJI
KpOMe Toro, Cpe,lJJi BblCOKHX fOp, B03BbIlllalOIlUiXC» BOKpyr .L{OJIHHbI A6a-
KaHa, TaKI1X, KaK: nOii3bIM, CaX4ax, KHpiM, naXO.L{HTC», Ko6bI, TaKHe )l(e
OKaMeHeBUIHe nnOTbI, JIe)l(aIl(He 3)].eCb CO BpeMeH nOTona. Do)].o6HbIe MHcpbl
pacnpOCTpaHeHbI Ha ArrTae Ii B TYBe. «HeCKOJ1bKO HlDKe AK-cyra, Ha BbICO-
KOH rope KbI3bIJ1-Taiira, - nHcan H.<I>. KaTaHOB 06 Yp5lHxaiicKoM Kpae,--
HaXO.L{HTC» )l(CJIe3HbIH nJ10T, C.L{eJIaHHbIH B CTa PHHY O,lIHHM naMOlO, KOTOpbIH
BO BpeMSI BceMHpHoro nOTona B3.nYMaJI cnacaTbC». 0 TaKOM )Ke nJIOTe 51 CJlbI-
lllaJI Ha p.lllaroHape, tITO OH HaXO,LUITC5I Ha rope 6JIH3 p. TeMIip-cyra».40
BceMHpHbIH nOTon -- «CYF xanan» He )].0 KOHQa BpaJYMHJI CbIHOB tIenOBeqeC-
KHX, KOTophIe onRTb CTaJIH COBeplllaTb ne6narOBH.aHble nocrynKH. OOKa3aTe-
JIeM rpeXOBHOCTH nlO)].eH cnY:>KHT 6enbIH3aSll.(. Kor)].a-TO OH BeCb 6bUI qepHbIM.
Ho H3-3a TSI)f(KHX npoCTynKoB CMepTHbIX Y Hero B ro)]. BhlnaAaeT no O)].HOM
BopcHHKe. B HaCT05lIl(ee BpeM5I y 3aHl.(a qepHbIMH OCTaJIliCb KOH4HKH yrneH.
KOf,n;a nonHOCTblO Bblna.L{YT Bee qepHble BOpcHHKH, Tor,n;a HacrynHT KOHeu. CBe-
Ta. XOHrOPQbI, H3-3a TpeneTHOfO OTHOIlleHHSI K 3aHUY, ):(ep)l(aJIH B IOpTax ero
H306pa)l(eHHe B Ka tIeCTBe <l>erHllIa H He ynoTpe6:um11 B nHI.IJ;y ero M5ICO. Cornac-
HO npOp01.IeCKl1M CJ10BaM O)J.Horo 1'13 nOCJIe)J.HHX J1ereH):(apHbIX repoeB XOHro-
pa5I - Ax-K06eKa, fH6enb MHpa HaCTynHT TOrlI-a, Kor.aa qeJIOBeK 6y.neT Po)J(-
.naTbCB BeJIH1.IHHOH C J10KOTb, JIOllla)J.b - BeJIHlJliHOH C 3atiu.a, Kor.n:a M0J10.neJKb
npliCTpaCTHTCB K BO)J.e HpJIHK-XaHa (T.e. BO)J.Ke), Kor)].a OTen; He 6YJJ:eT Y3HaBaTb
ChIHa, a ChIH - oTu.a, Kor)J.a xaH nofuI.eT Ha xaHa, a HapO.II. - Ha Hapo)].. B 3TO
BpeW! KOHqHK XBOCTa ropHOCTIDI nOTep5leT nOCJ1e)].HHH qepHhrH BOJIOCOK, a KOH-
qMK yrneH 3ai1 a nOTepSieT nOCJIe.nHIOIO qepHYIO BOpCHHKy.41
l1JJ.eHTl1lJHOe npe,I:(CTaBneHMe 0 6y)].ymeM KOHue MHpa, B CBSl311 C )].YXOBHbIM
11 <!>w3111.IeCKMM BbIpo)J()].eHHeM JIIO):(eH H JKHBOTHbIX, 6blTYeT He TonbKO y Bcex
TIOpKOB Ca Ho-AJITa , HO 11 Y MOHrOJIbCKHX 6YMHCTOB. «POCTOM OHl1 6Y,l(YT
He 60JIbIlle JIOKTH, a JIOllla,LJ;M 6y.n.YT BeJIM'-IHHOH C 3aHl.(a», - rJIaCSlT MOHrOJ1hC-
Kl1e npe)J.CKa3aHHH. 42
Kor)J.a HacTynl1T nOCJIe)J.HMH .neHb MHpa 11 nOJ1beTCSI Ha 3eMJIlO orHeHHaSl
CMOJIa, TO nO,L(HI1MeTCSI 113 KaMCHHoro rpo6a nOCJIe)J.HHH npaBl1TeJIb XOHrOpa5I
- XoopaH-xaH, KOTOpblH HhIHe nOKOHTCSI B Ca5lHCKllX ropax Ha CBSUll.eHHOM
xpe6Te «XaH-CbIH» (6YKB. XaHCKHM xpe6CT).
CornaCHO MI1<paM, BO BpeMeHa CBoero npaBneHH5I XoopaH-xaH (Ax-Ko-
6eK, Ta)].ap-xaH, AMbIp CapaH) pellll1JI 06'beXaTb CBOH B:Ia,L(eHHSll1 BCTpeTl1J1
Ha nYTH 6eJIoro CTapu.a. OOCne.lI.HI1H rronpOCMJI nOMOQb nOL(HSlTb nepeKH)1HYIO
CYMY, J1e)l(amylO y ero HOf. He.L{oJIro .nYMa5l, XoopaH-xaH PYK05lTblO nJIeTH
nO,L{HSlJI CYMY 11 fI0J10:JKHn Ha ero KOH , Y KOToporo cpa3Y nO KOCl1JIHCb HorM.
«TbI 04eHb MorYlJHH 1.JeJIOBeK, - MOJIBHJI 6eJIbIH CTapeQ, OKa3aBlllHHC5I Ax-
Xy.naeM. - B 3TY nepeMeTHYIO CYMY 51 nOMeCTHJ1 T5I)f(eCTb n0J10BHHbI 3eMJIH,
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116
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B.H. 5ymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TIOpKOB CaJlHo..AATaH
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qTO ero CTep)l(eHb Ha .aBa -TPH BeplllKa KOpOqe, nHu.eBaSI qaCTb COCTOI1T 113
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126
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npRMoyrOJIbHOM KYCKe 6eJ1oro XOJICTa (40x30 CM. HJIH 30x20 CM.) OXPOH PH-
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«xacxa».66
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128
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rOBHQeH (xOJIa Mapxa), npHIllHTOH paKOBHHOH: KaypH (1.JbIJ1aI{Mac), MOTKOM MH-
llIypbI (arrTbIH qin) H BOpOTHI1KOM M3 XBOCTa BbLnPbI MJIM JIHCHlJ,bI. B TaKOM BH)J,e
«qara TOe» BeillaJICSI Ha CTponIDIO KpbIlliH MY)I(CKOU CTOpOHbI !OpTb!. OH noql1-
TaJ1CSI BTOpbIM 60JIbIIIMM 60:>KecrBoM nocne «tIan6ax TOeSl». XOHrOpu,bl npl1Me-
iUIJIH B 6bITY .n.Ba BHJ(a J],aHHoro cpeTHllIa: «xapa qara» - QepHa5I qara, T .e.
py6aIlIKa qepHOrO IDIH KopH HeBoro IJ.BeTOB H «KOK '-lara» - CMH5UI qara, T .e.
He60JIbllIaSi py6aIIIKa CHHero lJ,BeTa. <DeTI1Ill «xapa 4ara» aBnSInC5I o6eperOM
noman.eH - «bI3bIXOB» 6YPoH MacTH, a «KOK qara» - rHe,ablx «bI3bIXOB». B
u.eJIOM «1.Iara TOe» CJIY:>KIDI nOKpOBHTeneM KpynHoro poraToro CKOTa 11 .L(OMaW-
Hero oqara. HeBecTKM He HMenH npaBa 6JIM3KO nO):{XO.rtHTb K 3TOMY cpeTHIIIY.
<1>eTHill «tiara TOe» "JI11 «Mapqa TOC» npHMeH5IJICR JJ.JISI JIeqeHHSI BHYTpeH-
HHX opraHOB rpy JJ.HOM KJIeTKH - JIerKHX M cepn.u.a. Bo BpeMH MOJ1eHIUI 60JIbHO-
ro o6MaXHBaJIH Py6allIKoH «'-lara TOe». Ka)K,l],YIO BeeHY Ii oceHb cpeTHlll «4ara
TOe}) KOpMRJIH PHTYaJIhHOM nHI.QeU - naneHOU OBe4beH ronoBoM 11 OKpOlliHIJIH
apaKOH. Qepe3 Ka)l(.LJ:ble TPH ro.na COBepIllaJIl1 )l(epTBOnpHHOlllCHHe If KOnOn"
6eJIoro 6apaHa 68 .
Ha ceBepe XOHropaR cpen.11 KbI3hlnblJ,eB «tIara TOe» ,[{eJ1aJIca 113 )l(eHCKOro
KpaCHoro MaTh}} H Haxo)].WICSI Ha )l(eHCKOM CTopOHe IOpTbI 3a qYBaJIOM (coon).
«ECJIH B IOpTe KTO-HI16YJJ.b YMpeT, - nHCaJI ,[(.KJleMeHll., -- tIara-TOe YHOCSIT B
.I1ec, BernalOT Ha ,aepeBO, .nenalOT eMY TpoeKpaTHoe B03nHHHI1e apaKOH, npo-
CHT He ceplU1TbCH H YXO)J;HT, paCK.naHI1Ba5lCb c HI1M TpIf pa3a. 3L(eCb CMbICJI
o6pSlJJ.a TaKOB: TeCh He HCnOJIHI1JI CBoeM 06 3aHHOCTH, He y6eper 4eIIOBeKa, H
HAOJIY .n.aeTCSI nOqeTHaSI OTCTaBKa»69.
129
B.H bymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TIOpKOB CaRHo..AATaJI
3aBeprna}l nJIeHJI.Y BCJ1I1KHX TeCeM:, He06xo.lJ.MMO OCTaHOBI1TbC5I Ha <pCTHllle
«Ty6eHre TOe» - .lJ.yxe-noKpOBI1TeJle OXOTbI 11 BOM:HbI, BCTpe4alOll{CMC5I B ca-
raHCKOH QaCTI1 XOHrOpa}l. OH COCTO JI 113 pa3BHJIKH, 06TgHYTOii KpaCHbIM
KYCKOM TKaHI1. Ha llIHypKe, npMBjI3aHHOM K pa3BMJIKe, HaHH3aHbI ceMb KpaC-
HbIX HJIM 6eJIbIX 6YCHH, a TaK)Ke ceMb nepbeB 113 KpbIJIheB opna. B HeKOTopblX
CJIyqagx C 60KOB pa3BMJIKH C KpaCHOH TKaHblO npHKpen:IIDIOCb no OpJIHHOMY
nepy (04MrrOM KHM3Y). «Ty6eHre TOe» 1.ITIDIC}I OXOTHHKaMH. HaKaHYHe BbIXO-
):(a B TaMry ero yrOlltaJIH apaKOH H KOpMHJIH MaCJIOM OT CMCTaHHOH KaIlII1 -
«nOTXbI», rrpHrOTOBJ1eHHOH 6e3 COJIH. f1epe,L{ HI1M paCKJIa).{bIBaJIH OXOTHH4be
CHapSDKeHHe-pY)l(be, naTpOHTalll Ii HO)KM. rOpgqHM rrapOM (oop-nyc), HCXO-
)];51Il(MM 01' M})Ca, nOJIO)l(CHHOrO Ha no,nHOC, yrOW;aJIH <peTl1111a co CJIOBaMH:
«nYCTb TaHra npHHeceT C4aCTbe!».
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C})Tb TbIC 4 (BOHCKOBajI e,nHHHlla B 10 TbIC5IQ BOI1HOB; )1.I1BM31151). B TaKOM cJIY'lJae
<peTHllI nepBOHaqaJIbHO 6bUl nOKpOBI1TeJIeM apMeHcKHx 4acreH H BOUHbI.
)J:Pyra KaTeropMSI cpcTHllIeM Ha3bIBarraCb «He4I1CTbIMH» H pacrroJIaraJIaCb
Ha )KeHCKOH nOJIOBHHe IOpTbI. Cpe,nH HMX caMbIM MorYQI1M H BbICOK04TI1MbIM
Ct.UiTaJIC}I «a6a TOe» - Me,nBe)l(HH <peTHllI, CJ1Y)KHBlllMH o6eperOM )l(MJII1IJJ.a. OH
HMen TaK)Ke CJ1e.lJ.YIOWHe Ha3BaHHH: «anqax TOe» - J{e.lI-YIllKMH 4>eTMllJ, «i3iKTeri
TOe» - L(BepHOH <peTI1111, «i3iK 333i» - X03RI1H J1BepCH, «QypT T03i» - <peTHlli
)l(MJIHIl{a, «i3iK Xa,L{apllbI3bI» - xpaHHTeJIb ,[(BepeH, «HPKiH TOC» - noporOBbIH
Q>eTMllI, «ca6bIH ax TOe» - nOpa)KaIOL«I1H <l>eTI111I, «nHJIre YPYH aH; TOC» -
<l>eTHIll, nOpa)l(alOllJ.I1H nO}lCHHQY.
«A6a TOC» HaXO,[(HJICH Y nopora BepeH IOpTbI, C npaBoH CTOpOHbI OT BXO-
,l{a. OH COCTOIDI 113 npaBoM nepe.n;HeH nanbI MCJ{Be.lUI Ha KOTOPYIO Ha,IleBaJIOCb
)KeJIe3HOe I1JIM MC,lIHOe KOJIbUO ():(. 4 CM.), npHKpeWIeHHoe K TaJIbHMKOBOH pa3-
BHJIKe. nO,L1CTaBKOH CJIY)KHJI rJIHH}lHbIH KPY)KOK. K KOJIbllY np"B 3hIBaJIM Ka-
MYCOBYIO lllKYPY QepHO-rHeJ10H JIOIlla,[(H. B KOJIbl(e 6bIJla cocpe,n:oTOqeHa
.aYllia TeC», a KOHCKajI IlIKypa HBJHlnaCb )l(epTBoH. KOJIblJ.O CJIY)I(I1JIO TaK)I{e
rJIa3aMH TeCg. B caraHcKoH qaCTH XOHfopaH BMeCTO Me.lJ.Be)Kbeii JIanbI )!ena-
JIOCb ,[(epeB5IHHOe 11306pa)f{eHHC PYKM C 4eTblpbM5I naJIbU,aMH (.nJI.] 7 CM.; Ill.5
CM.). B TYBe Me,LJ;Be)KbHM <peT 11 III eM «a,LJ;blr 33peH» CJ1Y)l(MJIa llIKypa nepeL(HeM
JIanbI Me,L{Be,L(R, nOBCrneHHa}l Ha pellleTKY CTeHbI IOpTbI cnpaBa OT Bxo,[{a. Cpe-
)!11 TeJIeHfl1TOB fopHoro AnTaH cpeTHlllY «a6a TOC» COOTBeTCTBOBana HKOHor-
paQ>H1.JeCKajI cpHrypa «KaHbIM», 11306paJKaBllla}l yxa Kapam (MJIM Kapeii),
O.l1HOrO 113 60raTbIpeM J.lpJII1K-xaHa. B Ka4eCTBe rp03HOH CTpa)J(11 Oll OXpaHSL'1
nopor I1L(BepH )l(HJIHllI.a. HapR,lJ.Y C llanOH MeL(Be,n , ueHTpa..lhHoe MeCTO «Ka-
HbIMa» 3aHMMaJJa MeTaJIJIH4eCKa}l illIaCTHHa, npe,LJ;CTaBJIjIBllla}l cpHrypy Ha KOHe
C TonopOM B pYKax.
130
B.a. DymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJIHo AATaR
Y 1..JI1TbIBaH, '-ITO XaKaCbI npH MOneHI1H cpeTHlIIY «a6a TOC» ynoTpe6J1SlIOT
caKpaJIbHOe cnOBO <<-SIMa», KOTopoe 8 6YMH3Me 0603Ha4aeT HMSI BJJa.l1bIKM
a,aa, CTaBOBI1TCSI SlBBOH B3aHMOCBH3b XOHropCKoro H TeJIeHfHTCKoro <peTH-
meH.
<DeTI11I1 «a6a TOC» nopa)l(aJ] nOHCHI1lI.Y 11 MO'-Ien0J10Bble OpraHbI. E)I(ero,LJ;-
HO BeCHOH H oceHblO BO BpeM5I nocne,aHeH qeTBepTH nYHbI, B MOMeHT 3aKaTa
COJIHl(a, YCTpal1BaJIH KOpMJIeHHe «a6a TOCIO». nepe.a HHM YCTaHaBJIMBaJIH
nnOCKHH KaMeHb illIH CKOBOpO,lJ;KY, pa3BO,lU1JIH Ha HHX orOHb H Ha yrJUIX )KTJIM
BCPIllMHY .D.y.aKI16opI.QeBHKa (narrTblpFaH), ,aeBSlTb nYQKOB 1..JCpeMYXOBOH KOpbl,
.aeB Tb KYC01..JKOB JIOllIa,aMHOfO CalIa, .aeB5ITb 3epeH }l4MeHSI M KOMKI1 MypaBeM-
HHKa (KY3ep). MoneHHe B03rJIaBJIIDIa nO)l(MJIaSl )l(eHll{HHa, 3HalOwaSi 06bltIaH
6ypxaHl13Ma. «A6a TOC» HaCbII.I..\aJICSI rapblO C)f(l1raeMbIX SlCTB, 3BOHOM MeTaJI-
JUP-IeCKOrO KOJIbua 11 JISl3fOM HO)l(HHlJ.. Bce npHCYTCTBYIOIlU1C, He KpeCT}!Cb,
K.aaHIDIHCb <PeTHllIY. KTO BeCHOM Ii oceHblO 3a6bIBaJI KOpMHTb «a6a TOe», TeM
OH MCTMJI M nopa)l(aJI B COOTBeTCTBYIOllJ,He MeCTa. «A6a TOC» DXpaHSlJ1 BXO)], B
!opTY 11 HaKa3bIBaJI BOpOB, HJIH Tex, KTO 6e3 cnpoca ynoCHJ1 BemH. B Ha)],e)l(,ae
Ha CBoero nOKpOBHTeJI5I xaKaCbI HHKor,lJ,a He BernaJ1H 3aMKOB Ha ,[{Bepl1.
4epe3 Ka)l(,[{ble ,lJ,eBSlTb JIeT «a6a TOcIO» npHHOCMJIH B )KepTBY tIepHOrO 6a-
palliKa. 'nepe3Y He CTaBHJ1I1, a )l(epTBe nepepe3anH ropno. PI1Tya.rIbHOH nHmeH
cnY)l(HJIa npaBaSi CTopOHa rpY)],HHbI, rOJIOBa H roneHb 6apaWKa.
001.IHTaHMe Me,[(Be)f(berO TeCjl6bUIO CBSl3aHO C KYJIbTOM npe,[{KOB, H60 Me,lJ.-
Be,Ab C1..JMTaJIC}J 6paTOM )],peBHHX npe.l1KOB JIIO,IJ;eM.
3a 60JIhlllOH 6y<PernOM CTOMKOH, Y nO)UlO)I(IDI CTeHbI )KeHCKOH CTOpoHbI IOpTbI,
HaXOAlUICSI napHbIH TeCb, I1MeHyeMbIM «TIDIer TOC» - TeneHrHTCKHH <peTHIll. Ero
TaK)Ke Ha3bIBaJIH: «anTbIH3apXbI TOC» - ceBepHbIH <peTHIll, T .e. CT051BllIHH Ha
ceBepHoH, :JKeHCKOH CTopOHe iOpTbI; «Hpenqi TOe» - cynpY)I{eCKHH cpeTHlll; «Ta-
6aH TOC» - nO,lJ.OllIBeHHbIH $eTHllI, T.K. Y Hero 6bIJIa not(CTaBKa B BM e no,l],o-
IlIBbI; «iJ1rOpKH TOC» - cpeTMIll 6y<peTHOH CTOHKH; «Y JIara TOC» - <peTMIll OCHO-
BaHH.SllOpTbI, «THpMe T03i» - <peTI1IlI perneTKM IOpTbI.
<1>eTI1W «TJ-lJler TOC» CqMTanCSI nOKpOBHTeJIeM ceOKa «bI3bIP» H xpaHHTe-
JIeM KpYI1HOrO poraToro CKOTa. CornaCHO MM<paM, OH npet(CTaBJUIeT H306pa-
)KeHMe O,L(HOH MOnO,lJ.OH napbI, KOTopaSl 6blna YfHaHa B MOHrOJ1bCKHH nneH, HO
6e)Kana OTTYAa H Qepe3 AnTaH ,lJ,BMranaCb B CTOPOHY pO,[{HhIX CTeneH XOHro-
paH. Ho no ,[(opore Ha3a.rt OHM BMeCTe co CBOHM rpy.aHbIM pe6eHKOM I10r116nM
0'1' rO.J10,Aa H CTaJII1 TeceM.
«Tl-fJler TOC» COCTOSlJI H3 t(BYX 6epe30BbIX pa3BM.J10K, O,lI.Ha 113 KOTOpbIX
6bIna AJlMHHee, a BTOpa}! KOpOqe. Eepe30Bble pa3BI1JIKM npe,[(CTaBJIAAI1 cynpy-
)KeCKYIO napy. <:DeTHw YCTaHaBJIHBaJICH Ha rJIHHSlHOH nO)J,CTaBKe JIl-ill,eBoH qa-
ClblO Ha BOCTOK. Ka)l(,L{bIM fO,lJ, BO BpeMSI npl1JleTa Ii OTJIeTa I1TI1U «TH.J1er TOC»
KOpMIDII1.
131
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BbICOKaH pa3BIDIKa C JlI1l\OM 113 KpaCHoro CYKHa 11 Me,[(Hoi16J15111IKOH noce-
pe.l1.I1He, JJ.BYM5I 11J111 tIeTblpbMSI ce,[(bIMH KOCaMI1 (CBI1TbIMH 113 rnepCTH cepOH
OBQbI) npe,ACTaBJl5lJIa )KeHIT(I1HY (xaT TOC). Me,nHaSl 6JISllllKa I1JII1 6pOH30Ba51
nyroBHQa H306pa)KaJIa ee cepJU.l.e (XOJIa Mapxa 4ypeKTir). YKa3aHHbIH: )l(eHC-
KI1H <peTHlll HOCHJI j:{onOJIHHTenbHble HaHMCHOBaHHSI: «3MeKeH TOe» - cTapy-
Welll1H <peTI1Ill, «HHeH TOe» - )l(eHCKHH <l>eTHIllI1JIH «HntIi TI1JIer» - )l(eHCKHM
THJ1er. 3TOT TeCb 6blJI TaK)l(e H3BeCTeH KaK: «no3iK aFac» - BbICOKaSi JIeCHHa,
«no3iK TOe» - BbICOKHH <peTUllI, «Y3YH aFaC» - ,LVIUHHa51 JIeCHHa, «Y3YH TOe» -
)])lHHHbIH <peTHIll, «nana T03i» - ,neTCKUH <peTHllI, «nOTXbI qHq;el-( TOC» - <pe-
THill, nHTalOIll.HHCg CMeTaHHOH KalllCH.
<1>eTHlll «3MeKeH» ClIHTaJICSI nOKpOBHTeJIeM 6epeMeHHbIX H pO)l(eHHQ. Ero
H3rOTOBJ151JIH CTapYXH HOB06paqHOH qeTe. MY)I(QHHe 3anpeIll.aJ10Cb K He MY
npHKaCaTbC5I, liHa tIe OH nOJIY4HT paCCTpOHCTBO )KeJIY J{Ka. <1>eTJUllY «3MeKeH»
MOJ1HJIliCb np" nOHoce Y,L{eTeH 11 TeJHIT, npH onYXOJIH BbIMeHH y KOpOB. Kop-
MHJlH ero MOJlOKOM, CMeTaHHOH KameH, Sl4MeHHOH KpynoH H OBe4bl1M CaJIOM.
llHlUY )l(fJ1H Ha orHe. npH 3TOM BOCKJIHQa.rrI1: «36eKeH, 36eKeM!».
COfJIaCHO KbI3bIJ1bCKHM MI1<paM, .L\YX «3MeKeH» npl16bIJI 113 BJIa,[(eHHM Cn-
6HpCKOfO xaHCTBa, r,ae 06HTaJI B paHOHe 03epa 4aHbI (CaHa KOJI). Y KaqMH-
eB <peTI111I «3MeKeih> npe.nCTaBJI5IJI 11306pa)l(eHHe .L{yxa CTapOH ,aeBbI, OCTaB'"
JleHHOll Ha np0I13B0J1 cy.nb6bI B paROHe HMeHHTOH Ka4H. O.nHaKO, cYJJ.5I no
Ha3BaHl1lO, MO)l(HO npe,anOJIO)l(HTb ero MOHfOJIbCKOe npOI1CXO eHHe, 1160 no-
MOHrOJIbCKH «3MreH,3MreM» - CTapyxa, 6a6ywKa, T .e. TO )l(e caMoe, qTO H no-
xaKaCCKI1 «HHeM».
KopOTKaH 6epe30BaH pa3BI1JIKa C JlI1QOM H3 KpaCHoro CYKHa, C rJIa3aMI1 113
CHHHX 6YCHHOK H KpaCHbIM nOgCOM "3 JIOCK)'Ta a6bI npe,LtCTaBJUIJ1.a MY)I(4lfHY
(lip TOe), no)]; Ha3BaHHeM «liP Tl1ner» - MY)KCKOH TIiJIer. OH liMeJ1 TaK)l(e I1Me-
Ha: «XbIcxa TOe» - KOpOTKHH cpeTHlll, «Xblcxa ax TOC» - KopOTeHbKHM <p e -
TI11I1, «Qa6b1C arac» - KOpOTKa51 JIeCHHa, «4a6bIC TOe» - HH3KMH <l>eTMllI, «qa-
6bI3ax TOe» - HH3eHbKH" $eTI111I, «awpaH T03i» - a:HpaHHbl:H <peTHllI (OH CTOHJI
3a Ka):(KOH C aHpaHOM), «aHpaH Xa,Aap4bI3bI» - CTpa)l( aHpaHa, «naJIbIX qiq;en
TOe» - <peTl1lU, eJJ.SI l1w pbI6y.
<I>eTHIll «I1P THJIer» oxpaHIDI cneCTHble npO,lJ.YKTbI X03SIeB. ECJII1 nOCTopOH-
HHW QeJ10BeK 6e3 cnpoca BblnheT aHpaH, TO cpeTHllI nopa)l(aJ1 ero paCCTpOH-
CTBOM )l(enYJ{Ka.
«l1pTHJIer» KOpMlUI11 CMCTaHHOM KaweH If BapeHOH mY4beH r0110BOH. Tpl1
JIO)l(KI1 KaIllH JI.HJI11 Ha yrJIH orID!, pa3Be,AeHHOrO B qyrYHHOH nOCYJ{I1He, 11 npl1
3TOM 3BeHeJII1 cepe6pHHOH no.n.npyrOH. ECJII1 He 6blJIO nO,IUIpyrH, 3BeHeJIH KJIl0-
qaMI1. EMY BOCKypHB(LIH Ta6aK, npMfOTOBJIeHHbIM 113 J1HCTBeHHM4HOH KOpbI.
n03TOMY lfHor,na Ha Hero rOBOpl1J1H «TYJJ.YH qiq,e« TOC» - <peTI111I, e,lJ,5111U1H
132
B.a. DymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TIOpKOB CUHo-AATaR
)J.bIM. PYKOBO.L1. HJI a MOJIeHHeM nO:>KI1JIaSi :>KeHIl1HHa. OHa CHHMaJIa c' cpeTHllla
On05lCKY, 6pana ee B npaBYIO PYKY M Tpll pa3a nonepeMeHHO CTeraJIa TO X03}J-
HHa IOpTbl, TO «HP TI1JIera». llpH 3TOM Bce MOnHJII1Cb, ,LI.ep)l(a PYKH 3a cnHHOH
H KHBaSi ronoBoH. 3aTeM nosc nOBH3bIBaJIC5I 06paTHO Ha cpeTHIlI..L{o Tex nop,
nOKa nH a He crOpHT, Bce npHCYTCTBYIO He CTOSlJIH nepe.n. «HP TlillerOM».
Co6aKaM 3anperuaJIOCb HaXO)),HTbCj{ pMOM. 30JIY OT cropeBllIeH Tpane3bI CCbl-
naJIH B ollar IOpTbI.
<l>eTI1IlI «Hp THJIer» I1JII1 «XbIcxa TOe» npOHCXO,LI.HJI, KaK fJIaCHJ111 MOJ1MT-
Bbl, M3 CTpaHbl CaHbIT-xaHa, no)]. KOTOpOH MO:>KHO nO.rtpa3YMeBaTb Cal1):(OB -
nOTOMKOB MyxaMMe a, T.e. JI1060e MYCYJ1bMaHCKoe xaHCTBO. «XbIcxa TOe»
6bU1 nocnaHHHKOM CaHbIT-xaHa (CaHbIT xaHHbIH caHfbI3bI).
HaA rrocy,nHbIMM nOJIKaMH :>KeHCKOH CTOpOHbI IOpTbI paCnOJlara.ncSI Q>eTHlll
«xal(aH TOC» Jill" «THHH TOe» - 6eJII1I.JMH H,IJ,OJI. OH M3fOTOBJI5IJ1CSI 113 qyqeJIa
6eJIKH, Ha6MToro ceHOM Ii coe):(HHeHHoro c aHTpOnOMOptpHOH JI!fllHHOM 113 CBeT-
noro BOHnOKa, 061lIHTOH KpaCHOR TKaHblO. Ha MeCTe fJIa3 Ii pTa rrpHIllMBaJIHCb
TeMHO-CHHMe 6YCMHbI. CBepxy npHKpellJ1IDIM lllan04KY 113 6eJIOM 3a.L(HeH qaCTH
llIKypbI (aXTa) KocynM, HanOMHHalOlUYIO lIJanKY CBaXH «Tynry nOpiK». noce-
pe,AHHe TYWKH 6enKH npHB 3bIBanl1 nOSlCOK 113 lIepHOrO CYKHa. CTaBI1J1H ero
npH KO)l(HbIX 3a6oJIeBaHM x - naprne Ii KopOCTe. B CBB3M C 3T11 1 OH liMen ):(on011-
HHTeJIbHOe Ha3BaHHe «XO,l.{bIP TOe» - KOpOCTOBbIH Q>eTHIll. npH JIeqeHHH OT KO-
pOCThI KOpMI1J1H «xa,l.{)I(aH TeCSI» CMeTaHHOH KarneR, nOJ1o)l(eHHoH B LI-epeBSlH-
HYlO qallIKY, Ii KycOqKaMIi carra, 6pocaeMbIMH Ha yrJIH orHS!. 80 BpeMSl KOpMJIe-
HHSl QJeTHilla YKJIa bIBaJIM Ha 6eJ1blH BOMOK KJIH 6enylO MepJIYIlIKY.
Ka)l(.l1.Ylo BecHY Ii oceHb ero 3aL(a6pHBaJIM MaCJIOM OT CMeTaHHOH KalliM Ii
MO,,'1H.JIHCb. PyKOBO,l.{HJ1a 06PMOM CTapYIllKa. 06psm npOBO,AI1JIH 06bII.JHO no-
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139
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no xaKaCCKOM MM<ponorMM, )l(epe6 Ta BbIllienpl1BeJJ;eHIIblx 12 MaCTeH 6bIJIH
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CTBe «bI3bIXOB» Me)K.L\Y BeeMH ceOKaMH 77.
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ropHoH ,lJ,eE,bI, npM6bIBIlleM B XOHropaM Ha KOHe KOpl1QHeBOH paCUBeTKI1, qTO-
6b! craTb cynpyroH rrpar.uypa qepHOrO.JIOBbIX ..llO.u.eH. Ha HeM 3anpelll.aJIOCb
e3):{HTb ..aa)l(e X035IHHY, IIHa lie ropHhle )),YXH OCKop6»TC5I 11 oTBepHyrC5I OT CKOTO-
BOj{OB. HeBeCTKaM He pa3pellllL10Cb HOCI1Tb o;J.e)KAY O.L(HOrO u,BeTa C KapliM
«bI3bIXOM». Ero rpHBa 11 XBOCT YKparna..'lI1Cb KOpl1l1HeBbIMI1 II CI1HHMH neHTaMH
141
B.H. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaaHo-AATaJI
(KypeHf 4aJIaMa). <1>eTMllleM CJIY)KMJla XaKaCCKa.SI Py6axa TeMHO-KOplf1IHeBOro
I..\BeTa (xapa Kypel{ \.lara ). Bo BpeMSI plITya.rrOB I1Cn0J1b30BaJIC}l )l(e3JI «KypeH,
ca6bIT» c nOBj(3aHHbIMI1 KOpl1\.lHeBbIMI1 M CHHMMH JICHTaMM (llaJ1aMa).
B paHre «MaJ1bIX» «bI3bIXOB» HaXO,[{HJICH OCBSll.QaeMbIH KOHb pbDKeH MaCTH
(xacxa xaH n03bIpax - 6YKB. KponaBo-phDKHH C 6CJIOH nOJIOCOH Ha J16y). Ero
MHqnp.JeCKI1M .n.YXOt\.1-X03}1HHOM C4HTaJICSI tJH3e-XaH COJ1araw- 6YKB. MeJ(-
HbIM IJ.apb JIeBlia, CTpeJISIIOIlUfH 6e3 npOMaxa. B caraMCKOH t.IaCTH XOHropaSl
,JJ;YXOM-X03S1HHOM pbI)I(erO «bI3bIxa» CJIbIJ1 XaH-KHHeH KJU1 Ty6eHre-XaH, no-
KpOBHTenb BOMHbI H OXOTbI, ChIH KHTaHCKoro HMnepaTopa. Mec-ro o6HTaHHSI
M" If'ieCKOfo xaHa pbDKefo «bI3blxa» HaXOAMJ10Cb B KHTae, r,[(e paCCTHJIaeT-
CSI KpacHbIM neCOK 11 pacTeT KpaCHa}l n03a, r.n:e B u.eHTpe 3eMJII1 CTOHT ceMll-
rpaHHbIM KpacHoMe.n. HblH CTon6 82 .
rpHBa H XBOCT pbDKero «bI3blxa» YKpalllaJIHCb KpacHbIMH H 6eJIblMH neH-
TaMH (xbI3bln t.IaJIaMa). <l>eTHweM CJ1Y)KHJ1 «XbI3bIJ1 TOC» (y KaIIHHu;eB) HJIM
«KHHCH TOC» (y CaraHL(eB). Bo BpeMH nOKJ10HeHMSI pbI)I(eMY «bI3bIXY» npHMe-
HMCSI )l{e3JI - «XbI3bIJI Ca6h1T» C npHBSl3aHHbIMH KpacHoH 11 6enoM neHTaMH.
BOpOHOM «bI3bIX» npM6bIJ1 B XOHf'OpaM 113 MOHrOnl1H Qepe3 KY3HeU;KYlO
\.IepHb (A6a Typa 1.IHpi). Ero ,L(YXOM-xaHOM CLJ:I1TaJICSI Xapa- TYMa, HBJISlIOI.l(HM-
CSI I10KpOBHTeJIeM KY3HeQeCTBa. OH SlBJI5IeTCSI CbIHOM npaBHTelliI qepHoH MOH-
fOJIMH, Haxo.n. Il eHCSI B u;eHTpe 3eMJIM, r.ae CTOHT )l(CJ1e3HbIH CTon6, CJIY)KaUU1H
KOHOBSl3blO t.IepHOrO «bI3bIxa».
rpl1Ba H XBOCT BopOHoro KOHSI «bI3bIxa» YKpallHLiHCb pl1TyanbHbIMH JIeH-
TaMH qepHOrO 11 6enoro IJ.BeTOB (xapa \.IanaMa). TIpH MOJIeRHH Ha Hero yca)l(rt-
BaJIl1 cpeTHlll «xyc TOe» (y Ka llMHueB) I1JII1 «TYMa TOC» (y caraHu;eB). ECJII1 CO
CTOpOHbI J1IO,lJ,eH Ha6JII0,lJ,aJIOCb HenOt.ITI1TeJIbHOe 06palIJ,eHMe, TO BOpOHOH
«bI3bIX» Mor HaKa3aTb BI1HOBHhIX TM<p03HhIMH 60JIe3HSlMH.
OCBSIIIJ.aeMbIH KOHb «bI3bIX» fHe.lI.OH MaCTH npI1Ha,Une)KaJI MIHpl1QeCKOMY
rnaBe lIlaMaHOB An.aM-xaHY. Ha HeM e3,[{IDI KOpMcc-xaH, BeJ1HKI1H crpa)K .n.BOp-
ua An.aM-xaHa, YCTaHaBJIHBaIOll.{MH HCTMHHOCTb lIlaMaHCKoro .n:apa. OpH f\.10JIe-
HI1S1X .n:yrny fHe.n;oro «hI3blxa» OTnpaBJIHJ1If B BepXOBh5i A6aKaHa, r,[{e Haxo-
,lJ,HJ1CSI rrpH3paIIHhIH ,L(BOpeL( An.aM-xaHa. CornaCHO MH<pa l, rHe,lJ,YlO MaCTb CO-
3,naJl HpJII1K-XaH H n03TOMY llIKypa TaKMX J10IlIa.n.eH llIna Ha H3rOTOBJ1eHI1e
lllaMaHCKHX 6y6HOB. OCBRllJ,aeMhle lllaMaHaMH «hJ3bIXID> rHef-(OH MaCTH He
BOllIJIH B CI1CTeMY 6ypxaHHCTCKI1X KYJIbTOB.
3a JIOrna,L(bMH «hI3hIXaMI1» yxa)l(HBa..ll1 TOJlbKO .n.OMoX03S1eBa-?\1Y)l(4HHbI.
OHM HX MOrnl1 H3pel{Ka ce,aJ1aTb nO)J: BepXOBYlO e3,I{Y. )KeHIIJ.I1HaM 3anpema-
JIOCh npl1KaCaTbCSI ,L(a)l(e K nOBO,L(y KOHSI «hI3hIxa». I1cK.nI04eHHe COCTaBJJSIJIa
MaTh, po.aHBlliaSl If BocnHTaBllIaSl ,rxeBSITepbIX CbIHOB, a TaK)Ke .n.04b X03S1HHa
O IIOHBJIeHMSI perYJIOB. KaTeropH4eCKH 3anpelll.a..'OCb 3anp5IraTb «b13bIxa» B
TeJIery. He pa3pernanH .n.pyrHM ca HTbCSI BepxoM Ha KOH}} «bI3blxa», I1Haqe
3TOT lJeJlOBeK 3a6oJIeeT, a X03S1HH nOTep}leT paccY.il.oK.
142
B.H. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJlHo..AATaJI
«bI3bIXaMI1» KpynHoro poraToro CKOTa CTaHOBMJII1Cb BOJIbI, B pe.lJ.KMX CJ1Y-
4ajlX 6hIKH. COL(ep)KaHl1e KOpOBbI B Ka4eCTBe «bI3bIxa» 6bIJIO 06peMeHl1TeJ1b-
HhIM, 1160 yxa)I(I1BaTb 3a HeM: H ;J;OHTb MornH TOJIbKO HC3aMY)l{HHe )l{eHll{l1HbI,
npl14CM M0J10lJHbIM CKOT MO)l{HO 6heIO ,L(OHTb TOJIbKO nocnc TpeTbero TeJIeHKa.
HOMa,abI CTeIIHOH QaCTI1 XOHrOpajl KOpOBbHX «bI3bIXOB» (iHeK bI3bIFbI) nOIITM
He ,aep)KaJIl1. B OCHOBHOM OH11 6bIJIH pacnpOCTpaneHbI y nO,iJ,Tae)l(HbIX caraH:-
ueB II KbI3bUIbIJ.eB, rl1,e, KaK npaBI1JlO, ep)l{aJIHCb BOJIhI «bI3bIXM» 6YPOH MaCTH
(KypeH.). OHM npMHaLJ,JIe)l(aJIH ropHbIM Lf.yxaM H n03TOMY Ha3blBaJIHCb «'-IMp
bI3b1FbI» - T .e. 3eMJ1»HOH «bI3bIX». B X03HHCTBe OHM OCBjlllJ.aJ1IICb BMeCTe C
KapHMH KOH»MH «bI3bIXaMH», T.K. o6a BM.zia npMHa,LLJ,e)I(aJ1H ropHbIM Lf.yxaM. B
XBOCT KopOBbero «bI3bIxa» 6YPOH MaCTM BllJIeTaJIHCb PI1TYaJIbHbIe J1eHTbI Kpac-
Horo I"BCTa.
B peLJ,KHX cnyqagx BCTpeLfaJIHCb BOJ1bl «bI3bIXI1» ,npyroro OKpaca. TaK,
HarrpMMep, y ceOKa «aapa» KOpOBbHM «bI3bIXOM» 6bIJI BOJJ lJepHOH MaCTI1, y
ceOKa «lPlere» - 6eJIbIH 6bIK C KpaCHbI 1I1 yIJ1aMH, Y ceOKa «TOM» - MYXOPTbIH
6bIK, Y ceOKa «caMbIH» - 4y6apbIM B011.
TpeTbMM BI1)].OM OCBRIl(aeMbIX )l(HBOTHhIX XOHrOpa51 6bIJII1 OBUbI «XOH
bI3blfbI». Cpe,L(H HHX 06br4HO CJIY)I(MJIH 06eperaMH OTap poraTbIe BarryxH )KeJI-
TOM paCUBeTKI1 c KpacHbIMM rn:eKaMI1 (capbIF XO" bI3bIFbI).l1x D:yxOM-noKpo-
BHTeJleM C4HTaJICSI KMp6e-xaH, 06HTaBllIHM Ha BocToKe, B ( aSIHCKHx xpe6-
Tax, rLf.e B03BbIllJalOTCH y.u;I1BHTeJIbHble BepllIHHbI rop bIprax- Taprax. no-
JTOMY oBe4HM «bI3hIX» Ha3bIBaJIC» BTOpbIM HMeHeM «inrepKi bI3bIX» 111111
«icKepKi h13bIX» - T.e. BOCTOtJHblH. «bI3bIX». I1HTepecHo 6y,neT OTMeTI1Tb, liTO
nepeBaJI, pacn0J10)l(eHHhIH p OM C ropaMH hIprax- Taprax., Ha3bIBaerCjI «KOM-
apT» - 6YKB. OBe4MH nepeBaJI.
OBel.fHll «bI3bIX» YKparnaJIC.H KpaCHbIMl111 CHHMMH J1eHTOQKaMH «lIaJIaMa»,
npHB.H3aHHbIMM Ha 3arpMBoK H Ha OCHOBaHHe KYP,I.f.IOKa. Ero cpeTHllleM cny-
)KHJ1 «X03aH TOe» - 3asr4HH TeCb HJIM «iCKepKi TOe» - BOCT04HbIH TeCb, KOTOpO-
ro Ca,lJ,HJ1H Ha cnHHY BaJIyxa IIPH 06pg)].e. OH HaCbIJ1aJI 3y6HYIO 60JIb H rJ1a3-
Hble 60JIe3HH.
TIOMlfMO YKa3aHHOH MaCTH, CpeD:H OBe1.JbMX «hI3bIXOB» xOHropuaMH tJ:ep-
)KanHCb BarryxH 6eJ10H pacUBeTKH C 4epHbIMI1 yrnaMH (xapa HaaXTbIFax XOH:
hI3bIXTbIF). TIo cBoeM paCIJ.BeTKe OHM HanOMHHaJIH n04HTaeMoro GeJ10ro 3aH-
ua. n03TOMY ero cpeTHllICM TaK)f(e cnY)KMJI «X03aH TOe» - 3aHlIHH TeCh. MeCTo-
)KHTe:IbCTBO ero .nyxa - xaHa (bI3hIX xaHbI) HaX0,l1I1J10Ch HJII1 B TYBe, MJIM B
CTpaHe Top6eT.
B peL{KMx cnyqa}lx BCTpeQaJH1Cb BaJIYXH «bI3bIXM» qepHOH paClJ,BeTKH co
CBeT Jl0)Ke:ITbIMH llI.eKaMIf.
Ha)lo oco6o OTMeTMTb cnyqaif OCB}iIll.eHH5I CaraHlI.aMI1 LJ:oMaIlJHeM llTMQbI.
HanpHIvlep, B ,n:OJIMHe ACKH3a cpaMHnH5I Yr)1bDKeKOBblx B Ka-qeCTBe «bI3bIxa»
143
B H. DymaHacB 6ypxauH3M TIOplCOB CaJlHo-AATaH
.n;ep)KaJIa KpaCHbIX neTYXOB. H eHT}f1-1HbIM 06bP.laH cyrueCTBOBaJI Y T5IHb-IllaHb-
CKHX KbIprbI30B, KOTOpble «bIHbIKOM» .a;eJIaJUi I1HOr,L{a KypHQY. g4
E)KeMeC}PIHO Ha fIOJIHOJIYHl1e (aM TOJIbI3bI) X0351MH OKYpl1BaJI CBHrueHHoe
)l(HBOTHOe «bI3bIX» 6orOpOlJ.CKOH TpaBoH H OKpOnJUIJI apaKoH (B no.nTae)KHOH
MeCTHOCTI1- 51tJMeHHbIM KBaCOM «a6blpTxbI»). EenM He COBepJlIaTb 06PM OKY-
pHBaHI1SI H KpOnJIeHI15I, TO OT B03 e"CTBM5I OKpY)J(alorn:eii HetJMCTH (nYPTax)
«bI3bIX» 3a6oJIeeT (nYJ1aHCbHI).
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BMeCTe C rOJ10BOH H KOHClIHOCTSIMH, KOTopble BeIllaJIl1 Ha JIHCTBeHHMUY B .;Iecy.
B CTenHOH qaCTM XOHropaH YCTaHaBJIHBanH Ha 1.JeTblpex cToJ16ax HaCTHJI,
Ky a BO.n:PY)J{aJIH TYIlIY. £10 06'b5lCHeHI1IO CTapI1KOB, norH6IllHH CBHTOM CKOT
He )J.OJDKeH JJ;OCTaTbCH 11M BOJIKaM, HIi co6aKaM.
B TOM CJIY4ae, Kor.aa Ha CKOT Hana.IJ.aJI MOp, TO nO,[(03pCBaJ1M «bI3bIxa» B
HepaLlMBOCTH H 3aMeHHJIH ero. ECJIH «xpaHHTe.J1SI» CKOTa YKparrH, Tor a Bepli-
nM, 41'0 X03HHHa )I(.n.eT HeC1.JaCTbe. Ha nOTOMCTBO «bI3bIxa» CBSITOCTb He pac-
npOCTpaHIDlaCb H npHnnOlJ. MO)l(HO 6blJIO K0J10Tb Ha MHCO.
Hep HBbIH X03HHH, 3a6bIBaIOll.{HH CBOH 06H3aHHOCTH no OTHOllIeHHIO K OC-
BSlll.{aeMbIM )({HBOTHbIM, HaKa3bIBaJICSI «bI3bIxaMM». Cpe.rU1 xaKaCOB cyrn:eCTBO-
BMO Bblpa:>KeHHe «bI3bIX XapOJIaH,L(bI» - nonYQ]1JI B03Me3,L(He 3a Hen04THTeJ1b-
Hoe OTHOllleHHe K «bI3bIXaM». B fHeBe OHM nO.l(BepraJIM rJ1aBY K04eBoro CTOH-
6HIlI.a Hero 4JICHOB pa3nH4HbIM 3a6oJIeBaHHHM, Ha3bIBaeMbIM {(bI3bIX - TOJIblf
YPYHFaHbI» - 6YKB. CTOJIKHOBeHMe C «bI3bIXOM». npH He,aOMoraHMH 4eJIOBeKa
OT .n.eHCTBHH OCBHlUaeMbIX )f(HBOTHbIX COBeplllaJIH 06p JJ. «bI3bIX KO,lIj pepre» --
6YKB. nO.LIHSlTb «bI3bIX}). Ba)KHO OTMeTMTb, 'lfTO aHaJIOfH4HbiM 06p5IlJ. «bIHbIK
KOTOPY» cyrn:eCTBOBaJI Y TSlHb-I.llaHbCKHX KbIprbI30B. llo.LI PYKOBO,L(CTBOM CJIY-
)IG1Ten 6ypxaHM3Ma «arrrbIC4bUla» COBepllIaJIOCb :>KepTBOnpMHOllICHMe, BO Bpe-
MH KOToporo CB5Irn:eHHbIl1 CKOT npHBH3bIBaJICH K ,aBepSlM IOpTbI. PYKOBO.LIHTeJIb
MoneHMSI, .l(ep)l(a B PYKax )Ke3JI «bl3blX Ca6bLnbI», 06paLQaJICH K «bI3bIX xaHY» -
MM<PH1.fecKOMY ,aYXY - X03S1MHY OCBHmaeMoro )KMBOTHoro. «nypxaH anTblCqbm»
npOCHJI rrpomeHMH ,LJ;JIH xaKaCCKHX HOMa,LJ;OB, .l(a6bI nOKpOBHTeJIb CKOTOBO.LI-
CTBa YHIDI CBOIO 06H.l(Y'11 npeKpaTHJI MeCTb. B OTBeT «bI3blx XaH» npeJ1'bSlBJIIDI
COOM npeTeH3HH, KOTopbIe Heo6xo.rU1MO 6bIJIO HCnOJIHMTb. X03S1HH ceMbH 11
60JIbHbIC pO,lJ:!1lJ.u, C.l1,LW Ha 6eJIbIX KOlliMax, KJ1aHIDIHCb «bI3bIXY», o6eIJJ;aSl pa.aH
Hero Bee C.LIeJ1aTb. 3aTeM OCB I.IJ:aeMOe JKMBOTHOe 06MblBaJII1 BonoH C 3aBapeH-
HbIM THMbSIHOl\1 (l1p6eH). Bce Y4aCTHHKH o6pSl.l1a «bI3bIX Ko.n.ipepre» .l10JI)I(Hhl
6bIJIH nacne 3Toro 06MbITh CBOH PYKH M J1Hu:a OCTaBlllHMCSI OTBapOM. Y cnOKO-
HBWHHC5I «bI3bIX XaH» oTcTynan 01' K04eBb5l, 3a6HpaSl 60ne3HH.
B HeKOTopbIX c.aY4aSlX B u:apCTBO MJHIH14eCKoro )J.yxa"x03HHHa «bI3blxa»
nona,aaJla .aYlua (<<4Y Jla») 4eJIOBeKa, KOTOpbIM 1.Jpe3MepHO BKJ1a)J.hIBaJI CBOM
CTapaHI1H B CKOTOBO)J4eCKoe X03S1HCTBO (M ryFaXapacxax). 3Ta KpaHHOCTb
144
B.n. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJlHo..AATaJI
TO)l(e HaKa3hIBaJIaCb. npH3HaKOM n01'epH .LI.YWH, YBe.LI.eHHOH «hI3bIX XaHOM»,
BJIRJ'OCb nOCT05lHHOe )f(eJlaHl1e CnaTb. B 1'aKOM CnY4ae COBepllIaJIH o6pH.LI.
«bI3bIX Ko.uipepre».
Ba pa3a B fO;J.Y, Ha HOBOJIYH.I1e, B XOHfopae npOBO)J.HJU1 06PMbI - «bI3bIX
QYFQaH YJIYKYH» - 6YKB. npa3,UHHK 06MbIBaHlUI CB}I eHHOro )l(HB01'Horo. Bec-
HOlf, KOf)J.a BCKpOIOTC5I peKH .Ii npliJIeTaIOT nTMUhI, KOf)J.a nOSIBnHIDTCSI .aMCTb51
Ha 6epe3e Ii 3a3eneHeeT TpaBa (anpeJIb), M oceHblO, KOf,n:a 3aCTbIBaeT 3eMJIR H
YJIeTaIOT nTHl{bl, KOf)J;a Ona,l],aIOT nMCTbSI Ha 6epe3e (OKT}l6pb), COBeplllaJIH
Heo6xo,LtMMbIe 06PmJ;bI 01.J:HmeH.I151.
Ha npa3,LI,HHK «bI3bIX QYFq:a« YJIYKYH» HJlM «bI3bIX YJ1YKYH» co6HparrHCb
Bee :>KHTenH aaJIa. PHTyan npOBO,l],I1JIC5I no,a PYKOBO.lJ:CTBOM anrbIC4bIJIa - CJIY-
)l(I1Ten51 EenoH BepbI. lllaMaHbI B 3TOM MepOrrpM5ITHH He Y4aCTBOBa..1H. TIo-
1.JTeHHbIe aJIfblC1.J:bIJIbI Ha rOJIOBY Ha)J.eBaJ1H ,LI.eBM4bIO rnanOI.JKY «caxna», a Ha
nne n1 Ha6paCbIBaJIH PHTYaJIbHYIO py6axy «qara». B PYKax OHI1 )J.CP)I(aJIH
)J{e3n «ca6bIT», JIeHTaM.I1 KOToporo o6MaXHBaJIM «bI3blxa». Ha B03BbillIeHHOM
MeCTe He a.neKO 01' CeneH.I1H YCTaHaBJIHBaJB1 KOHOB5I3HbIH CTOJI6 - «cap4bIH»
M CB}I eHHYID 6epe3Y «naM Xa3bI ». K KOHOBSI3M npHB5I3bIBaJIOCb OCB5IIJJ;aeMOe
)KHBOTHoe. ECJ1H 31'0 6bIJ1 KOHb, TO eMY Ha.n.eBaJIM cepe6p.HHYIO Y3.L{elJKY. BeT-
BM 6epe3bI YKparna. T 1I1Cb PH1'YaJIbHbIMM <fJna)l(KaMM «qanaMa», nonapHO CIllI1-
TbIMli BMeCTe. C BOCTOqHOH CTOpOHbI «naM Xa3bIH,» paCCTMJ1aJIH 6eJIYlO KOIll-
IY, Ha KOTOpOH TOp)l(eC1'BeHHO BOCCeL{aJI,IlO H nocne MOJIeHH.H «nyypxaH aJI-
ThIC'4bIJl». nOL{ IO)f(HbIM KpaeM 6epe3bI CTaBlIJ1CSI )f(epTBeHHI1K «aJITbIH CHpee»
(1'acxax) - CTOJIHK H3 6epe30BbIX BeTBeH Ha qe1'bIpex KOJIbIlllKax. PSI,LlOM C HI1M
HaXO,l],HnHCb TPH Ka)J.KH (ca6aH) C )I(ep1'BeHHbIM HanHTKOM «a6bIpTxbI». t(JI}I
KOH.SI «bI3bIxa» Tpe60BaJIaCb 60JIbWa51 KaL(Ka, L{J151 BOJIa - nOMeHbllle, L(JIH Ba-
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C06JIIO,L(aJIaCb 01.J:epe.uHOCTb. CHa'LJaJIa 06MhIBaJICSI KOHCKMH «bI3bIX», Qepe3
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6bI 1 KpynHbIM )l(HB01'HbIM.
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KHMH TpaBaMH (Mp6eH, ap'4bIH). Ka)K,[l,YID JIeH1'OI.JKY «'LJaJIaMa», npC)f(,LI.e qeM
nOBeCHTb Ha CB5ImeHHOe )J.epeBO, OKypHBaJIH )),bIMOM 60rOpO,LI.CKOH 1'paBbI.
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Ii nneqH ITJIaTI(aMH.l1x o,IJ;e)f(,IJ;a He )].OJ])KHa 6blJIa HMeTb paCQBeTKY, o6 ylO C
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,lJ,On)KHa 6bHla nO,IJ,apl1Tb eTCKHe ,LI,YlllH. TaKllM 06pa30M MOJIO,AOH ceMbe )KeJ1a-
JIM HMeTh nOTOMCTBO. KaK 6bI B nO,lJ.TBep)J(JJ.eHl1e HalllHX paCCY)KtXeHI1H 3BYlIaT
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179
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,[loro HapO,lJ,a cyw.eCTByeT K06bI CBOH YMaH. CpCLtH xaKaCOB MO)l(HO YCJIhI-
maTb BbIpa)KeHH : «Ta.n.ap bIMaMbI» - xaKaCCKaSI YMaH, «xa3ax bIMaHhI» -
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3allIHBaJIH B MaJIeHbKHH MeIIIOqeK H3 KO:>KM MJIM MaTepHH 11 nO,J1BeWHBaJIH Ha
IllHypKe K KOJIbI6eJ1M M.na.neHQa»32. CIO.n;a :>Ke npHBeIllI1Ba.;ll1 JIYLfOK co cTpe-
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L(aHHOM eJ1Y4ae «bIMaH» COOTBeTcTByeT cnOBY «HHe» 111111 «M.l1:>Ke» - 1aTh (BbI-
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6YKB. npl1TSlfHBaHHe YMaH, KOTOpbIM npoBo,a:HJ1H BCJ1MKMe waMaHbI - «nyr):{y-
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Tpe6oBaJIOCb BbIKorraTb C KopHeM MOJ10,lJ.YIO 6epe3KY (MeTpa TPH BbICOTOi1).
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nTHQbI npllJ1eTaeT H ca):(I1TCS! Ha BCTBb 6epe3KH pR):(OM C Hl1M.
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nar) - )),Ba npaBbIX BepXHHx pe6pa, r0J10Ba, npaBa51 nepe,lJ,H5IH Hora, n03BOH-
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182
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IlIaMaH, Bbl6paB COOTBeTCTBY1omyIO )).ymy Ii BKOJIOTI1B ee B 6y6eH, 6bICTpO
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I1Meernb .ayrny B BH,l],e 6eJIOH paKOBMHbI KaypH, TbI HMeeWb JKH3HeHHYIO CliJIY B
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3eMJIe. n03TOMY HX MMeHOBaJIM «arrbIn K03ee» - 60raTblpcKHe 06eJ1HCKI1. Kpo-
Me Taro, CTeJIbI, M306pa)l(alOmHe cpl1rypbI JIIO)].eH, HOCHJIM Ha'3BaHI1S1: «HHeM
Tac» - 6a6HM KaMeHb, «ancax Tac» - CTapHK-KaMeHh, «XbIC K03ee» - JJ.eBHlJHM
06eJIl1CK, «opeKcH Tac» - cTapyxa-KaMeHb, «XypTYSIX Tac» - CTapYlllelJHH
KaMeHb, T .e. KaMeHHa51 6a6a H )J.p. Cpe.LI.M XOHrOplJ,eB n01.Jl1TaHHeM nOJIb30Ba-
JIHCb TOJIbKO cpe)].HeBeKoBbIe M3BaSlHMSI, C KOTOpbIMli OHM CBSl3blBaJIH CBoe npo-
llJJIoe. «Bce Ha3BaHHble KypTYSlKH, - OTMe4aJI HCTOpHK C. B. EaxpYWl1H, 6hC1H
. . . oKpY)I(eHbI peJIMrH03HbIM nOQHTaHl1eM oKpeCTHoro KOQeBOrO HaCeneHl151; K
HI1M «6bIBaJIO OT H.U.OJIOnOKJIOHHI1KOB 60rOMOJIbe H npHHorneHlie )l(epTB»44. K
CO)KaJ1eHI1IO, MHOrl1e 113 HHX 6bIJIH pa3pyrneHbI peTHBbIMI1 no60pHHKaMH pac-
npOCTpaHeHH xpHCTHaHCTBa B XVIII-XIX BB., a HeKOTopble, BbIBe3eHHble 113
xaKaCCKMX CTeneH B ropo)J.a CH6HPH, 3aTep}lJ1HCb.
no OTHOrneHl11O K naM5ITHHKaM «K03ee», COrJIaCHO 3aKOHaM Be.noM BepbI,
061.lI.11HHIiKH ,aOJ1)1(Hbl npO BillITb OC06yIO .LI.aHb n04TeHIDI. n pOe3)1(a}l MliMO HHX,
XOHfOPUbI Jl.OJ1:>KHbl 6bIJIH OCTaHOBMTbC.sI, OKponHTb H3BaSlHHe BHHOM, HaMa-
3aTb MaCJIOM HJIH Jl.pyroH CHeL(blO era pOl' H rna3a, a 3aTeM TpoeKpaTHO 060H-
TH no COJIHUY C nOKJIOHaMM. MHHOBaTb .a:peBHHe o6enHCKl1 6e3 rroJl.o6noro
nOlfTeHI1}l C4HTaJIOCb KpaHHe npe11.0cYJl.MTeJ1bHbIM, H60 JJ.YXH-xo3S1eBa HCTYKa-
HOB paCCep.lI. TC}l Ii OTOMCTSIT. Y Tex, KTO He co6nlO)J.aJl 06bIQai1, nepeBopa4M-
BaJIHCb TenerH, paCnpSIfaJIHCb KOHli, Bcne)]. 11M JIeTeJIH KaMHH. naMSlTb npe,l.{-
KOB Ha)].o 6bIJIO 1.JTHTb, a nOTOMY, HaxO)J.SlCb p}l,lJ,OM C KaMeHHbIMH 11.ll0JIaMM,
3anpemaJIOCb rpOMKO pa3rOBapHBaTb Ii CMCSITbCSI, TeM 60Jlee HeJIb3SI 6bIJIO
HaHOCHTb 11M KaKOH-JIH60 BpeJl. 11, 6o:>Ke ynacH, BbIKanbIBaTb 113 3eMJIH. HaM
paCCKa3aJIl1 CJIYQai1, npOH30111C]J;IllHM B aane KaparaH. O,lJ,Ha)l(.lI.bI, KorJ{a ero
)l{HTeJ1H BbIKOnaJ1H H3BaSIHHC «qanfbIC K03ee», CTOSIBlllee P Ll.OM c nOCeJIeHH-
eM, CpeL{H HHX pacnpOCTpaHMJIaCb 3nl1)J.eMHSI OClIbi. DOJIe3Hb npeKpaTI1JIaCb
TOJ1bKO nOCJle Toro, KaK I1CTYKaHa BOJIPY311JU1 06paTHO Ha MeCTo 45 .
E:IarOlJeCTMBbIM JIIO)].SIM, CJIen.OBaBll1HM 3aBeTaM npe,LJ:KOB, peBHl1e repOM,
3aCTblBillHe B KaMHe 3a CHOH nO.1J.BHrl1, H3peJJ.Ka npCJI:CTaBaJIH B )l(HBOM 06..TJHKe
M .lI.apl1J1H C4aCTbe. bJIarOJJ:apSl KaMeHHbIM H3Ba5lHHSI «ax K03ee» - T.e. o6enl1c-
192
B H EymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CCUlHO-AATaJI
KaM Ee]10H BephI, npOI..(BeTaJ10 CKOTOBOJJ;CTBO 6ypxalH1CTCKMX 06ll(HH, 1160 OHM,
KaK C1.JMTaJIM XOHrOpUbI, )].ep)l(aJIIi B PYKaX t{YWM J11O.n.eH Ii CKOTa XOHrOpa5l.
Ax-XY.1J.a:i1 o6paruaJI B KaMeHb He TOJIbKO BeJIHKI1X 60raTbIpeH, HO Ii BeJIM-
KHX rpeUIHHKOB. COrJIaCHO XOHropCKMM MI1<paM, B t{peBHl1e BpeMeHa OAHa
,lJ.eBYIlIKa, BHe6pa1.IHO 3a6epeIv1eHeB, co CTbI):{a 6pOCI1JIaCb B BO,IJbI A6aKaHa H
YTOnI1JIaCb. 3a TO, 4TO OHa nory6HJIa M ce6S1, H HeBMHHoe )].MTSI, Ax-XYD.aH B
HaKa3aHHe npeBpaTI1JI ee B 6eJ1oe M3BaSIHI1e «ax o6aa», CI1,Lunl ee HhIHe Ha )].He
peKI1 A6aKaH. 113 ee rpY,IJe:i1 C01.fHTCSI MOJIOKO, KOTopoe n05lBJ1S1eTC5I no 6epe-
raM pCK B BM,IJe 6eJ1oro KBapI..(a, HMeHyeMoro XOHropl.(aMM «I1M eK Tac» --T.e.
KaMCHb )l(eHCKOH rpY.lXI1. Ilo xaKaCCKHM 06hI4a5lM .II.eB01.IKaM 3anpeI.l(aeTCH
6paTb B PYKH KBapu:eBb1e KaMYlllKlf. He06xo.LI.I1MO 6bIJIO TpI1 pa3a nJIIOHYTb Ha
«OKaMCHeBwee M0J10KO» H npoHTlf MI1MO. ECJIH TPOHYTb «I1Ml{eK Tac», TO Y
MaTepH 3a6oJIHT rpY.II.H. j::(aHHbIH 06bl4aM CJ1YX<I1JI npe.II.OCTepe)l(eHl1eM .lXeBYIII-
KaM npOTHB COBeprneHH5I rpeXOBHbIX nOCTYflKOB 46 .
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)l(aJIl1, }IKo6bI, B ce6e )l(113HeHHYIO CMJ1Y JIIO,neH (XYT), }IBJUIJU1Cb nOKpOBMTen5l-
MH .n:eTeH 11 Cel\1eHHOro CqaCTbSI. Ilo3TOMY )KeHlll.HHbI, )l{eJ1aBlllHe pO,LJ,MTh pe-
6eHKa, 06paIll.aJ1I1Ch K HMM C COOTBeTCTBYlOlll.HMH npocb6aMI1 a 06ll1.HHHl1KM
e)l(erO.L{HO COBeprnaJIM )l(epTBOnpI1HOllleHI1}1, .n.a6bI He npepBaJICH pO.LI. 1.IeJ10Be-
LfeCKHH. n pH MOJIeHIUIX Ha rOIlOBY «HHeM Tac» nOJ BSI3bIBaJU1 nJ1aTOK, Ha no-
}ICHMUY no.an05lCbIBaJIM MaTep4aTbIH KyrnaK, a ry6bI CMa3bIBaJIH )l(HpHOH H
paCTMTeJ1bHOM fIMIl{eH (CMeTaHOH, MaCJIOM, CaJIOM, SlrO,lJ,aMI1, ;J.I1KHM JIYKOM ).
B ,L(OJ1J1He A6aKaHa, B MeCTHOCTI1 XaMxa3bI, CTOSIJ1a n04MTaeMaSI KaMeH-
HaS! oco6a - «YJIyr XypTYSIX Tac» - BeJIHKaS! KaMeHHa cTapyxa. B BepxHeM
qaCTIi J13Ba5IHI1SI 6bIJIO BhICeqeHO )l(eHCKOe J1MI.J.O, Hat{ KOTOpbIM B03BbIlllaJIaCb
ocrpOKOHeQHa5llllanKa, HanOMJAHalOIl{aSl ronOBHOH y60p xaKaCCKOH CBaXH-
«TYJIry nopiK», a Ha rpY,LJ,M KpaCOBanC}I HarpY)]HI1K «noro». B30p ee 6bIJI
06parueH Ha BOCTOK. OK0J10 Hee 6hIJIa C.LI.eJIaHa He6oJIbWa51 I13rOp0,IJ:h, BHYTPM
KOTOpOM HaXO,l1-MJII1Cb KaMeHHble BaJIYHbI, H'MeBlllJAe rpy6Ylo cpOPMY )KHBOT-
HbIX (Man: COMHapbI). OHM npe.lXCTaBJISlJIH CKOT CTapYXH «XypTYSIX-Tac». ECJII1
BOKpyr Hee nOSIBJHl.,IOCb MHoro BaJIYHOB, TO, 3Ha'"lMT, y xaKaCOB 6y eT MHoro
KpyrrHoro poraToro CKoTa. KCTaTM, B Sl3blKe TlOpKOB CaSiHo-ArrTaSl KaMeHHbIe
BanYHhI Ha3bIBaIOTCSI «iHeK Tac» MJIH «MHeK ,LJ,arn» - T .e. KOpOBMM KaMeHb 47.
COrJIaCHO XOHropCKMM MH<paM, «XypTY5IX Tac» n05lBilllaCb BMecrc C JJ.eThMH
co CTOpOHhI BepXOBheB EHHCe}I (no .II.pyroH BepCI1M - C BepXOBbeB A6aKaHa).
Ka feHHhIe rpMbI KpenOCTHbIX ereH Ha r.XbI3bLI-xaSl, He.II.aJIeKO OT ee MeCTOHa-
XO)l()],eHHSI, nO.J:Y1.IHJ1H Ha3BaHJASI «XypTYSIX 40J1bl», T.e. )].opora KaMeHHOH CTa-
PYXM, no KOTOPO" OHa npMllLla. B pe3ynbTaTe BeJ1HKOH ceMeih-IOH: CCOpbI ee MY)K
«Xapa Tac» (B BapMaHTax - bI3bIX Tac, CapTaxnaH), ee )]01.Jb «XbIC K03ee» M
OHa caMa OKaMeHeJII1 4R . «OTnpaB.J15I5ICb lIa 3BepHHbIH npOMblcen 11J111 npOe3)Ka51
MH O, - nHCaJI B XIX BeKe H.A. KOCTpOB" - ()KHTe:IH XOHrOpa5l) nO,lJ.XO SIT K
193
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KaMeHHoH crapyxe C nOKJIOHaMM, 06JIMBaIOT ee MOJIOKOM, apaKOIO. . ., a BblnYK-
noe, rpy60 M3BaHHHoe 11111(0 HCTYKaHa C OTBepcTbIM pTOM 06Ma3bIBaIOT CMeTa-
HOMI1 CaJIOM C TaKI1M ycep,lJ,l1eM, I.J:TO pOT nOqepHen OT )KHpHOrO CJIO». ECJIM
OXOTa 6bma HeYJIaI.J:HOH, TO HeKOTopble B HerOj.{OBaHI1H OT 06MaHYTbIX O)l(I-ma-
HHM HaKa3bIBaJOT HCTyKaHa fIJleTbIO HJIM narrKaMM»49. 113Ba»HI1IO «XYPTYSIX Tac»
e)l(erOj.{HO COBepWaJIH MoneHMSI 06HTaTeJIH aCKH3CKHX CTeneM, 1160 OHO oxpaIDI-
110 )KH3HeHHYIO CI1J1Y caraHCKoro IUIeMeHI1 (Ki3i XY,lJ,bI). «npHHollIeHMIO )l(epTBbI
npeJJ:llleCTBOBaJI 06PAA TpoeKpaTHOrO 06'be3,L{a BepXOM Ha J]ornaj.{11 BOKpyr KYP-
TY5IKa» - OTMeqan MCTOpMK C.B. EaxpYlllHH 50 .
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BHJI ee B CTeJI11apI1H XaKaccKoro KpaeBe,L{tIeCKOrO MY3e51. O));Ha)l(j.{bI OB 3ac-
TaJI nepe.u. M3Ba51Hl1eM Mono.ayIO xaKaCKY, )];ep)l(aBllIYIO y pTa «XypTY51X Taca»
l.J:aIllet.tKY c apaKOH. POT HCTYKaHa 6bID 0611JIbHO BbIMa3aH CMeTaHOM. )l(eHml1-
Ha qTO-TO rnenTaJIa, nOCTOHHHO KJIaHH}lCb H).XOJIY. COnpOBO)Kj.{aBIlIaSi ee 110-
)l(I1JIaSi xaKaCKa npH3HaJIaCb, qTO y ee HeBeCTKM HeT ,lJ,eTeH 11, I1pOCJ1bIWaB 0
TOM, QTO «XypTY51X Tac» YBe3JIH B A6aKaH, OHM o6e nOCneIllMJIH CIO,lJ,a npOCMTb
XpaHI1TeJIhHI1UY )l{H3HeHHOH CKJIbI .LJ:eTeH 0 nOMOlUH.
,[(Pyroe M3BeCTHoe H3BaSlHI1e «HHeM Tac» CTOmIO B ,lJ,OJIHHe peKM ACKH3 (J1e-
BbIH npHTOK A6aKaHa) H eMY McnOKOH BeKOB nOKJIOHIDIHCb xaKaCbI 113 po.a;a
«TOM» (cpaMllJU151 MOHHarameBblX ). B 1844 ro.n;y CaraHcKa51 CTenHaSi ,L(YMa
coo6maJIa: «no J1eBOM CTopOHe p. ACKI13 npOTHB YJ1yca OH.l1YPOBbIX B ropax
I1HeH HaXO,lJ,I1TC51 KaMeHb, Ha3bIBaeMbli16a6olO»51. Bo BTOpOH: nOJIOBMHe XIX
BeKa peTMBble MHccMoHepbI pa3611JIM KaMeHHoro KYMHpa, OTK0J10B Y Hero rOll0-
BY, )KeHCKMe rpY H M HorM. HeCMOTpSl Ha BaHL{aJIM3M, JIIO.n;H npo,aOJDKaJIM co-
BeprnaTb JleTOM e)f(erOL{HbIe «30JlOTbIe )l(epTBOnpMHOllleHIUI» (aJITbIH TaHbIF) rre-
pe)); ropOM «I1HeH-Tar». Ha npe)l(HeM MeCTOHaXO)K,l];eHMH HJ(OJIa HaXO.LJ:MJIaCb
IIJIOrQa.LJ:Ka, orOpO)l(eHHa IUII1TaMM, r.n;e CTOIDIM KaMeHHbIe Q>HrypKH )KMBOTHbIX
- OBeu, KOpOB, JIOllIa,[(eH. 3TO 6bIJI CKOT «HHeM Tac». TOqHO TaKoH IKe Ha60p
)l(HBOTHbIX BcrpeqaJIC}l H I1PH )J,pyrHx KaMeHHbIX 6a6ax, I.ITO CB.HJJ;eTeJIbCTBOBa-
JIO 0 CKOTOBO,L(qeCKOM 06pa3e )KH3HH KopeHHbIx 06HTaTeJIeH XOHfopaH. Co-
rJIaCHO npaBIDIaM «Ax- qaSlH» - EelIoH BepbI, 3anpeI.QaJIOCb npMKacaTbC5I K CTO-
jlBIIIMM cpHrYPKaM )KI1BOTHbIX. ECJIM OHIi yrra.nYT, TO 3TO npe.ll.Bell(aJJO na,n:e)K
CKOTa. ECllM ropa «MHeH-Tar» XOpOIllO BM)),HeJIaCb 113J(arIH, TO xaKaCCKMM CKOT
6y,aeT XOpOlliO paCTH. XOHrOPQbI Cne HaJIbHO OTeCblBaJIH BaJIYHbI B BM.n;e )1(11-
BOTHbIX.H rrpHHOCIUIH HX KaqeCTBe :>KCpTBeHHbIX ,aapOB H3BaSlHHlO «WHew Tac»52.
Y no60pHMKOB xpHCTHaHCTBa B 60pb6e npOTHB xaKaCCKoro H,lJ:OJIOnOK-
J10HCTBa HarnJIHCb nOCJIeL{OBaTeJIM 113 QHCJIa COBeTCKI1X aTeMCTOB. B 1955-
1956 ro.aax, npM npOKJIa,IJ,Ke )l(ene3HOM .n-oporM A6aKaH-HoBoKY3ueUK, nOQH-
TaeMYlo CKaJIY «I1HeM-Tar» B30pBaJIH. B30pBaJIH He no Heo6xOIU1MOCTM, a
npOCTO TaK., pa)J,M MHTepeca, .n-a6bI ,n:OKa3aTb Hepa3YMHbIM a60pl1reHaM 6ee-
nOI.J:BeHHOCTb I1X cyeBcpHH. C Tex nop HI1KTO 60J1bllle He COBeprna.TJ 3,neCb )J{ep-
TBonpMHOllieHIiH.
194
B.R. EymaHaeB 6ypxaHB3M TlOpKOB CaRHo-AATaR
E)I(erO,aHOe )l(epTBOnpHHOrneHHe KaMeHHOMY H3BajlHHlO «HHeH Tac» I1J1U
«XblpfbIC HHeM» - T .e. KbIprbI3CKOH npaMaTepH COBeprnaJIH 6ypxaHI1CTbI 113 po,aa
KblprbI3 (<paMMJIHjI KOTHjlKOBbIX), npO)I(HBaBIllHe no p.HHHSI. KaMeHHaSi cpHry-
pa pacnO.l1aranaCb Ha CneI..(HaJIbHOM TIbe.n.eCTaJ1e B HI-lIne fOpbI «I1HeM-Tar».
HHllIa B BM)].e KpyrJIOH IOpTbI 6bIJIa 06parn.eHa Ha lOr. 11)];0.11 «HHeM Tac» CI1)J.eJ1,
nO)];)I(aB HorM nO-TypeQKH, H ,1J,ep)l{aJI B pYKax oKpyrJlbIll cocy)],. JIMl{O CTaTYH,
KaK YTBep)l():\aJIH xaKaCbI, HOCHJIO SlDHO Bblpa:>KeHHble MOHrOJIOH,l}JibIe llepTbI.
O,aHaKO B X 1 X BeKe «0,[{11H CBSll.QeHHI1K OT6wI y CTapYXH rOJIOBY, H OHa npona-
JIa.»53. «XblpfbIC HHe.w» jlBJIIDIaCb M306pa)KeHHeM npaMaTepH KbIprbI30B, OT KO-
TOpOH 3aBHceJIa cY)J.b6a nOTOMKOB. TIp" Bce06r.ueM 6JIarO,AeHCTBliH CTaTYSI npe-
6blBMa B cnoKoHHoM COCTO HMI1. Ho eCJIM po.n:y KblpfbI3 rp03illIO HeCqaCThe, TO
OHa nOBOpaQHBaJIaCb B CTOPOHY O)KU)];aeMOH onaCHOCTH.
COfJIaCHO xOHropcKoH MH<pOJIOrHH, B .n.peBHHe BpeMeHa cpe;:U1 ropHoro
MaCCI1Ba «CaxcapbI» 06MTaJIO KbIprbI3CKoe nJIeMSI. O,1J,Ha)l{)],bI HaXJIbIHYJIO
MOHfOJIbCKOe BOHCKO, 3aXBaTHJIO B nIleH KblprbI30B 11 YBeJlO HX 3a AlITaH.
TIocne yroHa CKOTOBO,D,OB XOHropaSl B MOHrOJIHIO, B ):{OJIHHC A6aKaHa OCTa-
nOCb ceMb )J.eB KblprbI3CKoro nJIeMeHH, KOTopble YKPbIJIHCb B ropax «Y JIreHHir
ChIH», T.e. KY3HeQKOM AlIaTay. OHI1 np5ITaJIHCb no p.I1T4YJI B BepXOBbSlX De-
110ro HlOca. ,[(0 CHX nop ropa, no,A KOTOPO" ceMb eB CnaCJU1Cb, Ha3bIBaeTCSI
«qHTi XhIC» - CeMb .[(eB. B HX lfeCTb Ha npaBOM 6epery p. I1TlfYJI no,D, YTeCOM
6blJIH nOCTaBneHbI ceMb KaMeHHbIX CTOJI6HKOB. E)I(erO,D,HO HX 4THJIH, nOBSl3bI-
BaSI Ha HHX PHTYaJIbHbIe neHTbI «lfanaMa». npH MOneHM}lX KaMI-1l1 «Y.HTH XbIC»
HapSl)l(aJIHCb B nJIaTKH, CJIOBHO ,AeBYlllKH, H nOl-(BSl3hIBaJIHCb nO}ICKaMH. TIe-
pe)J. HHMH KJIaJIM Ta6aK H TIHI.U;Y. B 1929 ro)J.y pYCCKHe pa60lfHe npHHcKa «KOM-
MYHap» pa36MJIH HX KYBaJI,lJ.OH.
COrJIaCHO MH<paM, ceMb 60raTblpcKHX ,1J,eB pa30IIillHcb no pa3HbIM MeCTaM
XOHropaSl Ii npeBpaTMJIHCh B KaMeHHble I13BaSlHH}I. CaMa}l MJIa,D,WaSlI13 HI1X
BepHYJIaCb B po,nHble MeCTa, YBH,1J,eJIa pO,D,HOe neneJU1llJ,e " C ropSl CTarra Ka-
1CHHOH cTaTyeH «"HeH Tac»54.
)l{epTBonpHHollIeHHe KblprbI3cKoH npaMaTepH - «HHeH TaHblr» COBeprna-
JIM Ha HOBonYHHe B HIone. OTBeTCTBeHHbIMH 3a ero npOBe)J.eHMe - «TaHbIF
333i») Ha3Ha4aJ1HCb rnaBbI 6ypxaHHcTCKHX 06 HH, npe.n;CTaBJISlIOI..QHX ceOK
«XblprhIC». BhI6paHHhIH rJIaBa «TOC na3bI» OTBeI.JaJI 3a «TaHhlr» B TeqeHHe
Tpex :JeT, a 3aTeM O[l}ITb BbI6HpaJICSI no OqepC,D,H cnenYlOIlIJ1H. HaKaHYHe MO-
JIeHHSI «HHeM TaHHI1» - 6YKB. )l(epTBOnpHHOllleHHe npaMaTepH, «TOe na3hI» 11
ero 3aMeCTHTenb rOTOBHJIH PHTYaJIhHYIO apaKY H 51CTBa Y ce65I B IopTax.
YTpOM Bce npe,D,CTaBHTeJ1H pO.LI.a «KbIprbI3», )KHBllIl1e no p.HHHSI, OTnpaB-
:UL1I1Cb Ha MOJIeHHe. MCTYKaHY Ha 3aKJIaHHe npMHOCJ1JIH ,LJ.eB5ITh 6enhIX 6a-
palliKOB C 4epHOH rOJIOBOH. )l{HBOTHhIX 3a6HBaJIM P"TY(LTJhHbIM cnoc060M
«03cn». 01 BeTCTBeHHbIe pa3)1{HraJU1 ,L(Ba KOCTpa 11 BapMJlM M5ICO - Ka)l()J.blM B
CBoeM Ka3aHe. t(;I}I Y4aCTHI1KOB MOJIeHH}I rOTOBaSl nHllJ.a paCKJIa):{bIBaJJaCb Ha
195
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«3eneHOM CTO.ne» (canaa 4bl), CfIJIeTeHHOM H3 BeTBeM 6epe3bI. Ha KaMeHHOf\1
CTOJII1Ke nepe)), KblprbI3CKOH npaMaTepblO - «XblpfbIC HHeM» paCKJIa,ahIBaJ111
plfryaJIbHble np"HOWeHIDI: ceMb G040HKOB Hen04aTOH. apaKI1, ceMb KYCKOB )l{ep-
TBeHHoro M5ICa, ceMb xaKaCCKHX CblpOB Ii ceMb pbI6 - xapHYCOB. lIMC.ao ceMb
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TbI He nYCKaClllb 3JIbie CH11bI B 6enyJO IOPTY'
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CopoKa3y6aSl MOSI eBa-MaTb!
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TbI, 6YJIbKaSl, KUn5lTHUJb!
Tbl KOpMHWb BeCb Hapo:.!
Tbl HcxYLI.aBmHx JIOnpaBJISI;1a!
Tbl r0J10.a:aBmHx HacblTuna!
TbI 3aMep3UIHx corpeJla!
Tbl llYIlla qepHOrOJIOBOrO (Hapo.aa)!
TbI 111I1T nacyw.croc5I (CKOTa)!
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CopoKa3y6aSl M051 .l(eBa-MaTb!
Tbl e3)J.Hwb BepxOM Ha TpexneTHCH pbDKeii
Ko6bJJ1Jiue,
Tbl HMeClIIb CCHb nOl{ TpeXJ1CTHeH
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C 30:101'010 J1HCTBOJO!
TbI npHKOJlOJla ce6e 6cnblc H KpaCHble
JleHTbI «1.JaJIaMa»!
234
B.H. bljmaHaeB 6ypxaHH.3M TlOpKOB CaJlHo.AATaR
AX-Xbf3bIJ1 qaJ1?.Ma Xa3aHra3blH
XbI3bIJI t.JanaMa naJlFaHra3bll{
XbI3bIJI lIJ1aT Ca6b1TTbIl3blH
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XbIJblJI KOC T03eK rir3iH
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all XY3ypHMH CblH6aHFa3blH
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TOfbIC KH3eK t.Jar a3bIXTblf3b1U
AxcblH-nypHbIH IIafJIaIl onbIp!
ACTaaH xapblHHhI a3hlpan 0.1J.b1P'
CyxcaaH KOKCiH 4i6i,ain O.llblp!
A Pb[f TaHMI1H aJIbIH TYp!
OTaTaH, OTaTaH OT HHCM xaHpaxaH'
OTbJf TicTir 01' HHeM'
XblpbIX TicTir XblC I1HeM'
XbBbIJI TicTir XbIC I1HCM xafipaXaHbJM!
bIMaM It.JCM xaHpaxaHHaH flip TiJ1JIir3ep!
ApblF xy.ablM!
Ax TaxnaHfa caJla6ac, iKi nOJIraH flliCIe
ApbIF KiHiM xbIHra3ap!
XbI3bIJl YOXbIp aTTblr XbI3bIJ1 qblJITbIC XbI3bIH
OTTbIr t.JaJIblH QaHbIJ1bII1,
OTTblr TanaHHbI KI1CKeH!
XbI1bln XbI6bIHblI-{ Toona.abIfI,
\.fMpni-cYFHhI H6ipreH!
XaHpaxaHbIM! OTxa KOH6ec XhIC HHC!
\.fUTOH a3blp t.JHnereH
liMp YCTYH.ItC 1JaJ,t..,uu'aH
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T OfbIC ax TanaHHbl KMCKeH
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lfY.TJaTXa Tapaa3hIH!
XblpbIX 1.JynaT na3bIHaH, XblpbIX TYHYKKC
TycKe3iH,
Xbl3bUI t.JaJ1hIH nOJ1bln,
KOK OJ1CI OTTaB cynt'aH Ilallbl6blCxa3LIH
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o T bI C car hi H no J1 bl n , 0 T hI C 1) Y n a T x a
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o T bI C l.J Y;l aT fI a 3 bi H a H 0 f bI C T} H Y K K C
1 YCKe3 i I{
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lJaiJ,hI6bICxa3bIH Ax bI aii3hIU
OTblC TicTir 01' HHeM!
XbIphiX riCTir XbIC HHeM!
Xan.apraH Ma J 1HbIH 333i nonbIII O,ablp
X ]LIH qypT fhll{ XaJ1Xa3bI flO.ITbIJ1 OJlbIp!
X bl6 bI H - X bI 6 bi 1-1 - X bI 6 hi H '3 2
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Tbi l1Meeillb nOKpbIBaJlO 113 KpaCHor 0 IlJIaMeHH!
TbI HMcellIb nOCTeJlb 113 KpaCHbiX yrJ1eH'
TbI onMpaellIbCSi Ha npaBYlO rO ICHb!
Tbl HaC.na)l(,L{aeWbCSI npaBOH (t.JaCTblO)
Kyp.ItIOKa!
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Tbl HMeellib BbIKyn l13 )..(CB TH BepTeJ10B'
TbI HMeeUlb nHll CH )..(eB Tb KYCOllKOB CaJla!
Tbi CMa3blBaCillb canOM CBOH pOT Ii ry6bl'
HallOJIHH CBOH rOJIOl1HblH )f(eJ1Y.1J.OK!
Pa3M04M CBOIO HCCYl.llCHHYlO rPY.L1b'
OpHMH CBOlO CBSlTYfO )KepTBY'
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nepeCCKna orHeHHOC Mope.
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0, rocno:IKa MOSl! Hc rOp5llllaSI B orHe
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Or HCTOKOB copOKa PYllbCB, TbI ynaJIa B
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Hc flponYCKaH HeqHCTb B 1JHCTYIO IOPTY!
X bl6 hI H - X bI 6 bi H - X bI 6 bi H ,
235
B.H. EymaHaee
33. AJI3C
AJlac, aJ1ac!
TapaK naw ry bIMaH 3HCM
AJlTbIH nalllTY naif KYTKeH
TanamxaHra caJ16arap,
TapTbIwxaHra nep6erep
Ax Y J1I eHHeH TY)I(ep.n.e
AM 1JO lbIHaH aMJlaH TYllI!
Ax qyy.n.apra 1JYJIraJ1bln Tyrn
Ax naJIaTXa Op0J1bH1 TY1ll
Ax YPycKe t.faHbIJ1 rYll.
KOK YJIreUHeH TY)Kep.ae
Kyn t.fOJlbIHaH aifnaH TYllI
KOK t.fyy LJ.apra 1.Jynr aJIblII TYllI
KOK YPycKe qaHbIJJ Tyrn
KOK naJlaTXa OpaJI TYllI.
A p4bIHMblllall anaCTaMblM
Ax cYTniHeH t.fYYHaHbIM
TaJIallIXaHra CaJI6aH TYP
TapTbllllxaHra nHp6eli TYP,
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nHr lereH.lJ.e bIMaM 3HeM.
Con XOJITbIXXa XbICTaH TYP,
Con HMlJeriH TanllJan ryp.
JlMrblp.LJ.aH ,aha phIlI1 YP
MYH.aYP.lJ.eH nOJ1in TYP
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Kon .Il.baCTblrbIH MacTalITYP
Tap XOHHbIHa cyrbIHbln TYP
Tan4bl H.LI.eriH t.fYYHbln TYP
011 3M4eri H Tanman TYP
OH xonTbIxxa XblC raHTYP
AJ1TbIH nalli ry bIMaH 3HeM,
AnTbIH naillTY naw KYTKeH.
TaJIallIXaUra fiHp6eHH
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K03i HaMaHra Kyopricne
KOHHi HaMaHra TblH.u.aTna
AJ1ac, aJIac!
CYYPH Tyy.aa HeMeTTY
CYTTY KOJI.il.e cyraTTY
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ApLJ:bIHMbIHaH anaCTaMblM
Ax cYTnincl-{ 1JYYHaHbIM.
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33. Te.rleYTcKas MOJUITBa OOfllHC YMaii
Anac - Anac'
HMeIOw.aH KYLJ.pSlB)'IO ronOBY MOll MaTb YMaM'
30nOTOrJ1aBOe CBSlToe C03,lJ.aHHe !
He nOJJ.)laBaHCSI cnop WHM,
He oT.n.aBaH T DKYLQHMCSl,
Or Eerroro Y.rrreIDI no nymlOii .noporc OnyCTHCh,
B 6eJ1bIe nCJICHKI1 3aBepHYBUHtCh,
B 6eJIbIH nJ1aTOK YKYTaBlIJHCh,
PacnpocTpaHHcb B 6enblx o.n.eSlHHlIX
MJla,neHl.(a!
OT rony6oro YnreHH no COJIHeqHOH:
,nopore cnycTHcb,
B rony6Lle neJleHKM 3aneJ1eHaBllIHCb,
rony6bIM TIJIaTKOM 06BlfBUIHCb,
Bnl1TaMc» B r0J1y6hle o.n:eHIIH rpY,UHoro .LU1l5l'
.51 oKypHBalO Te611 MO)l()KCBCJIbIUIKOM.
51 OMbJBalO Te6Sl 6eJIblM MonOKOM,
He nO.lJ..naBaMc CIIOpHlUHM,
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Mo KOJIb16eJ1b KpenKall,
Mo» MaTh YMaH - rocno:IKa'
K JleBOH IIO,nMblllIKe npHCTpaMBaMcSl,
113 JIeBoli rpy,L{H t.fMOKHBaJOlUHe 3BYKH H3)laef,
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fpa.n.OM pa3.1J.enSleT,
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PYlJHYIO nOLlYIUKY CTeJ1eT,
B Y3KYlO na3YXY rrpSlqeT,
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113 npaBOH: rpy.l1.H 1.J:MOKHBaIOIUHe 3BYKH H3)]aer.
30nOTOrJIaBaSl MOH MaTb YMali!
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TbI HMeeUIb nacT6HI1le Ha rope CYMepy,
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51 01.J:HlU,alO ropSllUIfM MO)K)I(eBeJ1bHHKOM,
51 YMbIBalO 6eJIbIM MonOKOM.
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He nyraHcSI HMelOI..U.HX n:IeTH,
KpenKo .n.epJKH KOJlbl6eJlbHYlO npl1BSl3b,
OxpaHSlM KO:IhI6eJIbHOe nOKpbIBano,
He nO)],aaBaHcSI 6eca\1,
He .n.aBaH pa3rYJISlThCH 3no6HbI\I,
3anpllQb B CBOIO TCCHYIO na3YXY,
3aBcpHH B eBoH Y3KHH nOD.oJI!
Anac - AJ1ac!
236
n.R DymaHacB
34. AJ1ac
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XbIpbIX naUJTY XbIC 3He
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4e)1 HaMaHra xaxTbIp6a
TYHH - Xbl3bIH CaJIbIn TYP
TymeeH - 3H1fYH nepII1 TYP
OTYC HallITY OT 3HC
XbIiiraH xaMbIlll XYJIaXTY
tIeK 51MaHra naCTbIp6a
AHHa-qCKKe nOIlI nep6e
AMHa.abI nOJI3a aMrblp TYP
4eKTi nOJ13a qeKip TYP
Ca6hIJI,lIbIKKa caJI6aii TYP,
4aM6bIJI,LlbIKKa nup6ei1 TYP
Haw 60HbIH iiai1Jlan TYP
Xyy 60HbIH XYYHan TYP
XbI3bIJ1 TOpfbI KIfHHM,ay
XbIC raH apbIr qbIpaMJ1Y
OH K03HM MbIHaH Kopin Typ. 34
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34. TeJ1eYTcKaSi MOJUITOa 60filHe OrHH
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OYCTb 1e6S1 He 6blOT 3JIbIe BeTpbI,
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He fIO.llaaBaMcSI 3JIbIM 6ecaM,
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He .naBa:H CBo6o.l{bI 3nOH CHJ1e,
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ECJ1J1 IIOSlBMTCSI 6ec, TO npH3bIBal1!
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He )].aBaH ce6SI B o6H,ay.
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35. Ax 3He
Ki1)1(Hre a1.J:bIHQaX, Maapcax - Ax 3He'
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nap TbIHbIM 6bula, nap qyperiM 6iJ1e
aHT(aH4aM,
Mara nana ncp!
nOJ1faH Ha KH)I(H naJ1aJIblf nOJIlJa,
nOJIf aH Ha aH. naJIaJIbIf nOJI'-Ia,
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TIOJIraH Ha MaJI naJ1aJIhlf nonqa,
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nOJlapra carblHtJaM.
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non nap3bIH,
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MeH KH)I(I1HHl-( KOMaHbI J6eCcHM.
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AHLIH YQYH MCH cara ThlH KepnUlqeM,
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nO.16ac,
t\1eH nanaIIbIf nOJlapbIM,
35. MOJllfTOa IIpap01UtTeJILIIHlte
«Ax 31te»
K 1.JCJIOBeKY )l(aJ10CTJUiBaSl, naCKOBaSl - Ax 3He!
51 Te6e, JIaCKOBa51 MaTb, MOJ1I{)Cb,
,lJ,ai1 Mile pe6eHKa,
Ka:>KJ],blM t(enOBeK HMceT pe6eHKa,
Ka)l(.LlbIM 3BCpb I1MeeT pe6CHKa,
Ka)l(J],aSl fiTI1L(a HMeel pc6eHKa,
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n03TOMY J1 SI )l(eJIalO MMCI b pe6CHKa.
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OyCTb 6Ylle-r Y MeIDl JillH MaJIbqHK, I1.ffit )].eB01JKa,
flYCTb He npepBCTCSI MOM po,a,
nYCTb He nOTepSleTC Moe HMH,
R He HH3WIDf 113 JllO.QeH, H HC XY)].llIHH H3 JllOtJ:ci1!
KaK 0'1 e naCKOB K CBOHM CbIHOBbSlM,
TaK :>Ke Tbl naCKOBa K )KCHllJ.MHaM,
KaK MaTb CBOI1X )].eTeH :>KaJIeeT,
TaK :>Ke 11 Tbl )l(aJ10CTJ1HBa K jKeHIUHHaM,
n03TOMY SI Tc6e OqCHb BeplO,
Ha Te6S1 04eHb Ha.uCIOCb.
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JI .QOJDKHa HMC rb pc6CHKa'
TBOIO nOMOlL(b 51 HHKor; a He 3a6y,ay
n03TOMY Tbl c,aeJIaCllIb MelHI
I1Mel{)lUHM pe6CHKa,
237
B.H. 5ymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaHHo-AATaJI
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nana 'IQX apTbIcnaCCbIH.
nliCTIUl YJlyr Ax 3HC6HCKC
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36. hIMaH TapTxallbi
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Xypai1, Xypai1!
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XypaH, XypaM'
AM Haa3blH)Ia 4ap6blxTbIp6ac
XypaH, XypaM!
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37. Y Man IJllpi
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Harnew BCJ1HKOH «Ax 3HC»
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36. MOJlllTBa 60rllHe Y Man 80 BpeMH
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nYCTb nOlOM 3a6aBJ1S1lOTCSI C JIlOnLKa\1H!
ATe, KOTopble He XOTSJl cOBoKynHThcSI,
OYCTb HX YTp06b1 11 nCtJCHh 3aCOXHYT'
MOM 6pOH30BhIH KOTe.1 C TpeMg YUIKaMH
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113 OCHOBaHHS! 6epe30BOH nOpOCl1l1.
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H a 3CMJ1e SlfO.lI.Y, OHa CJ1a.LlKaSl.
Y MOJIO.ahIX ,aeBIHJ. BJIaraJ1HIlJ.C
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BbI3bIBaeT eJla.rr.ocTpaCTl1e.
TpHJlUaTb napHew SI 3ac raBBJI HfpaTb,
I1rpy He OCTaBHJ1 - Sf XO.LIJKa.
COpOK neBHU MeHSI CTMCKHBaJJI1,
Ho cTpacTb MOS! He YJIer,;yaCb - 11 xO).{:>Ka.
Y OCI1Hbl aJ1bIC rpaHM,
51 X01J.JKa-XaH, COe.D.JlHSIlOill.HH JllO) CM.
Y aKau,HH )KeJ1Tble rpalIl!,
51 XO)])f(a-XaH, cOBoKynJ1SIlOUJ.HH J1101J.eH!
Y KY3eHOB SI n06bIBaJI,
C KY3eHCKHMI1 J.I.CBHL\aMH cOBoKynHJICR.
K qenKaHl(aM SI 3aXO.llHJ1,
C 4eJlKaHCKHMH .IJ.eBH aMH 11 cOBoKynHJICSI.
npHXOJJ.a XO)])I(a-XaHa
He 60MTecb )Ke YllaCTHHKH npa3L(HHKa -
xo.n;iKaJIa pbl f
247
B.n EymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaHHo-AATaR
II. npHMeqaHHH
BBe Clllle
1. A,npl1aHOB A.B. 06 opuaMCHTe Y cH611pCKHX HHOpO.lU CB. I/Tpy.n:bI BccpoccnHcKoro
CbC'3 a B OCTpOrpa.lIe, .lIeKa6pL 1911 - SlHBapb 1912. T l. - Dr., 1912. - C 103
2 JIanno Lt. E TpOeBepbI. 113 )f(H3HI1 MI1HYCl1HCKHX HHOpO!lI(eB.l1 Ha cH6HpCKHe TCMbl
M., 1905. - C 10
3 J1anno JI. E. YKa3 COlI. - C. 38-39.
4. KocTpoB H. KatJHHcKHe TaTapbI. - Ka3aHb, 1852 - C. 56.
5. KaTanoB H.eD. Hape1JH5I yp5lHXaHUCB, a6aKaHcKI1x TaTap 11 KaparacoB.I/ 06pa3lI.bI
HapoJJ.HoH JIHTepaTypbI TIOpKCKHX nJ1eMeH lJ. IX. - C06., 1907
6. KaTaHoB H.<t>. 04CpKH YpSlHxaHcKoM 3eMJ1I1. APXMB MA3 HM. neTpa BeJN1Koro. -
K - V On. I. N2 526 11 21
7. KaTaHoB H.<IJ. YK. COt!. J1. 45 06.
8 AHOXI1H A. B Ma repHaJlbl no llJaMaHCTBY Y aJ1TaHHeB, c06paHHble BO BpeMSI ny rc-
rneCTBHH no An ralo B 1910-12 rr. no IIopyqeHHIO PYCCKoro KOMI-He I a )J,':UI 113ytJCHI1S1
CpenHeH 11 BOC104HOH A3HH. IIC60plH1K MY3CSI aHTpOnOJlOrHlI II JTHOrpa4>lu1 npll
POCCHHCKOH aKaJIeMHH HaYK - Cn6, 1924.T. 4; AHOXIUI A.B. EypxaHH3M B 3aIJa,n,-
HOM AnTae. II CH611pcKHe orHH - HOBOCH6HPCK, 1927. N 5. - C 162-167.
9. ,LJ:aHI1JIHH A. r. I>ypxaHl13M (H3 HCTOplUi Ha[ HOHaJlbHO-OCB06o!llf reJIbHOrO lJ,BH)f(CHIHI
B fOpHOM AJ1Tae) - fOpHO-AJITaHCK, 1993
10. I>ypxaHH3M JJ,oKYMeHTbI 11 MaTepHaJ1bl lJ. 1-2. - fOpHo-AJ1TallcK, 1994.
11 nOTanoB J1.n. A.rITaMCKHH rnaMaHH3M. - J1., 1991. - C. 263
12 CaraJ1aeB A. M M HQ>0J10rl151 11 BepoBaHlul aJ1TaMueB. l.{eHTpaJ1bHO-A3HaTcKue BJ1I1-
SlHIUI. - HOBOCM6I1PCK, 1984, OH )l(e. AJ1TaH B 3epKaJ1e MH<.j>a. - HOBOCH6HPCK, 1992,
OH jKe (BMecTc C coaBTopaMu). Tpa,aHQHOHHOe MIfpoBo33peHHe llOpKOB IO)f(HOH
CH6Hplf. flpoeTpaHcTBo 11 BpeMSI. Belll.HbIH MHp. - HOBOCH5HPCK, 1988. Tpa,LUfUHOH-
Hoe MHpOB033peHHC TlOpKOB IOJKHOH Cn6upM. lJeJ10BeK. 06ruecTBO. - HOBOCH-
6I1PCK, 1989, TpanHHHoHHoe MMpoB033peHI1e TJOpKOB IO)f(HOH CH611pH 3HaK H PH-
TyaJ1. - HOBOCH5I1PCK, 1990.
13. I>YTaHaeB B jJ. VlCTOpHSI B03HHKllOBeHliSl Ii cpOpMHpOBaHJUI 6ypxaHI13Ma y xaKaCOB
I/CH6Hpb B naHopaMe TbICSl1{eJ1eTI1H (MaTCpHaJ1bI Me)f(J.I.YHapO).:{Horo CHMfIo3HYMa)
T 2. - HOBOCH6I1PCK, 1998 - C. 101-105.; EYTaHaeB B.jJ. nOtJl1TaHI1C TCCeH: y xaKa-
COB.!/ TpaJIHUIfOHHa51 KYJ1bTypa Hapo.n.oB UeHTpaJlbHOH A3HH. MaTepHaJ1bl H HCCJ1e-
J.I.OBaHH - HOBOCH6HPCK, 1986. - C 89-112.
14. <l>HJ1aTOB C., J033eJI J1. XaKaCl1S1 CrycToK peJ1HrH03HbIX np06 '1eM CH6HpH. IIPeJ1H-
rHSI H 06nxecTBo Ol:JepKI1 peJ1UrH03HoH )f(H3HII cOBpeMeHHoH POCCHH - M .-Cn6 .
2002 - C 206-207: I1CTOpHSI peJlHnH1 B POCCHH. - M., 2002. - C. 63.
r nasa 1
l. rMCJ1HH VI r. nyn:lllcCTBne no C11611pl1. - rOTTHHreH, 1751 C. 347 (Ha HCM. Sl3bIKe)
2. TaM )f(e. C. 347.
3. UfI1A cD 1264 On. 1. . 280. J1. 25.
4 J1anno ):(.E TpOCSCpbI 113 iKU3HH MHHYCI1HCKI1X HHOpO.LlueB I/Ha CI16HpCKHe Te\1bJ
- M . , 1905 - C. 38.
5. TaM JKe C. 51
6. EypxaHI1JM. lI.oKYMeHTbl 11 MaTepHaJ1b1 - f opHo-AnTailcK, 1994. t.{. 2. - C. 250
7. XpMC fl1aHCKUH Ml1p H «BeJIHKa MOHro.J'1bCKaSl HMIlepH ». Ma rCpHa '1bI $paHHHc-
KaHcKoH MHCCMI1 1245 rOlla. «Hc fopnSl TapTap» 6paTa U. .Lte EpU]]Ha. - C06., 2002.
8. COKOJIOB C H 30poacTpH3M 1/ ABecTa B PYCCKHX nepeRO)laX (1861-1996) Cn6 ,
1998. - C. 7- 0
9. KUCCJICB C, B KpaTKuil OtICpK ]]PCBHCH: I1CTOpIIH xaKaCOB. A6aKaH, 1951. - C 76
2'48
B.H. bymaHW.>B 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJlHo-AATaJI
10. J1eoHTbeB H. B. 0 6Y.L1LlI1HCKWX MOTHBax B CpeJ HeBeKOBO" TopeBTHKc XaKacMH (no
Ma rCpl1anaM KO,J1J1eKUHU MHHycHHcKoro KpaeBc)J.4ecKoro MY1CSI) III1CToPHKO-KYJ1b-
TYPHblC CBSl3H HapOJlOB IO)I(HOW CH6upH. - A6aKaH, 1988. - C. 189.
11. TaM )Ke. C. 188.
12. ur APX. P - 675. On. 1. ));. 9. 11. 27; ,L(. 18. C 247
13. ur APX. P - 675. On. 1. . 14. J1 5, Il;,L( 35. C. 4.
14 CYHQyrarncB 51 11. 3ar aJ104HbIe cTaTY3TKli 6Y..'J,,L(bI. //)KHBaSi cTapHHa A6aKaH,
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15. BbIpa)KalO 6JIaro.aapHocTb 3a npe.aeTaBJICHHbJC CBe.aeHHSI apxeonory MI1HYCHHC-
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16. JIanno A.E. YK. COll. C. 41.
17. 6y raHaeB B.51. COUHa.rrbHo-3KoHoMH4ecKaSi HCTOpHSI xaKaCCKoro aana (KoHeu XIX
- HallaJ10 XX BB.). - A6aKaH, 1987. - C. 98-99.
18. CaranacB A.M. AJITaH B 3epKaJ1e MHcpa. - HOBOCH6HPCK, 1992 - C 155.
19 KJUlrnTOpHbIH c.r. I1cTopHKO-KYJ1bTypHoe 3HaQeHUe CYLJ,)I(HHCKOH Ha.anHCH. IInpo-
6J1eMbl BOCTOKOBe.aeHHSI. 1959. N2 5. - C. 167.
20 KnSlllITOpHbIM C.r. CY)J)KHHCKaSl Ha,IUIHCb - YHHKaJlbHbIH naMSIl HHK 'JflOXH «KhlpfbI3CKoro
Be.m'IKo.n.eplKaBH ». IIMCT01JHI1KH no Cpe.D.HeBeKOBoH HCTOpHH Kblprb13CTaHa H eonpe-
)J.eJIbHbIX 06J1acreH Cpe.1J.HeH Ii lI.el-frpaJIbHOH A3HH. - DI-HlIKCK, ] 991. - C. 58-59.
21. MaJIOB C E. naMSlTHHKH .apeBHeTlOpKcKOH nUCbMeHHOCTH MOHrO;IlUf 11 KHprI13HH.
- M.-JI., 1959. - C. 85.
22. Kbl3JIaCOB J1.P CeBepHoe MaHuxeHCTBO Hero pOJIb B KYJ1bTypHOM pa3BHTHH napo-
.nOB CH6HpH Ii QeHTpaJIbHOH A3HH. 1/0TKpblTue rOCYJIapCTBeHHOH pCJ1l1rHH .IJ.peB-
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24. EY.J1arOB JI.3. CpaBHHTeJIbHbIH CJ10Bapb rypeu.Ko-TaTapcKHx HapC1.JUH. - Cn6., 1869.
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27. AXMeTbSlHOB p.r. 061ll.aSl nCKCMKa .lIYXOBHOH KYJIbTypbl Hapo.nOB Cpc.nHero nOBOJ1-
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28 KaTaHoB H.eD. I136paHHble HaY1JHbIe TPY.l1bI. - AHKapa, 2000. - C. 437.
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3] T<t> rATO. <p. 156. ]768 r. ,A. 73. n.2.
32 TaM )J(C. 1771 r. .n. 172. 11 42.
33. TaM)Ke 1776 r.,l], 80 JI.I
34 u,rI1A. <1>. 1264. On 1.,l],. 280. JI 25.
35. P)K. <pOHlI XaKHMH51J1I1.,l], 713
36. 5IKoB 1CB E K 3THorpa<pH4ccKMH 0630p HHOpO)\4eCKOro HaCeJ1eHMH 1l0JUiHbI 10)1(-
Horo EHHCe}1. - MHHYCHHCK, 1900. - C. 99-100.
37. fAHO. <P. 24 On. 9. Lt. 206. J1. 28.
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B H EymaHacB 6ypxaHH3M TIOpKOB CaRHo..AATaR
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39. IJ:HTHPYIO 110 . f,,la,nbIlucncKHH A.H KpclltcHHe B ACKH3C. 1/ Pccny6JIHKa. 28 .rr.e-
Ka6psr, 1944
40. KOH <1> 51. 3KCne HLJ.Hsr B COHOTHIO. - M., 1934. - C. 68.
41 nOTaHUH fH. 01JepKH CCBcpo-3anaJ1:HOH MOHrOJUUI. T. 2. - cn6., 1881. - C. 681
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47. J{aHHJUIH A.f. YK. COtL C. 168.
48. JlKOBJIeB E.K. YK. COq C. 102
49. PauIH,a-A)J.-LI.uH C60pHHK JIeTOIlHccH. T. 2. - M .-11., 1960. - C. 190.
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51. lllepcToBa J1.I1. EypxaHH3M B fOpHOM AJITae. HCTOKH Hal.U10HaJ1bHOM H.n:eO.llorHIf H
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8 ACKHpoBa MaMpa, 1888 r pO)l(JJ.eHHH, Ka4HHKa, aaJI KYHY aJITbJ.
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10. PYK. <poHJJ. XaKHI1H.HJII1. .ll 692.
11. '4e6011acB nH.lleHr, 1895 r. pOJK.l1eHHSI, 6CJIbTHp, aaJ1 KYHpC.
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15. EYlaHaeB B..H., I>YTaHacBa I1.H. YK. C04. C 86; KapIIJUIH D..n. I1CTOpUSI MOHranOB
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16. Ky J1arameBa 06no
17. KHH3cHoBa XaBpoH, 1897 r. pO)K)1CHMH, caraHKa, aaJ1 Carai!
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23. Ka3aYHHOBa Ka,na, 1901 r p0)l(l\eHHSI, caraHKa, aan ACB.
24. KbI3JlacoBa A6..a.aKHH.
250
- B H. bymmwcB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaRHo-AATaJI
25. Ap4HMaeB Erop, 1893 1'. p0)KneHIUI, carac , aaJ1 KHHllblpJIa
26. MHcp0J101 HH MaHCI1. T. 2. - C. 88.
27 TyrY)f(eKOBa Mai1pa, 1901 r. pOIK.1J.eHI1 , Ka1JI1HKa, aaJI CanoroB
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29 APXHB KYHcTKaMepbl HM. neTpa BenHKoro. <1>. 3. On. 1..Ll 49. - C. 1441
30 3apaTycTpa. - M., 2002. C 23.
31 PYK. <pOlm XaKHI1HJlJII1. ,l:{. 149. 11. 9.
32. TOJIMalllOBa MaHHT, 1905 r. pOIK,l1eHI1S1, caraHKa, aaJ1 KaJ1naKoB
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34. Kyp611)f(eKOBa A. B., 1915 1'. pOIK.lI.eHH , KbI3bUIKa, aaJI OIllKOJIb
35. XaKac QOHHbIH KHn-4ooxTapbl, HbIMaXTapbl. - A6aKaH, 1960. - C. 88.
36. RHrynoB MecneK, 1895 [. pOIK.lI.eIUUI, Kbl3blJ1eu., aan Xapa KOJ1.
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38 TonMallIoBa MaHHT.
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44 6YPHaKoB <1>I1JIHnn, 1929 r. pOIK eHMSI, caraeu, aan: OTbl.
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46 rOpJ J1CBCKHH B.A. 1136paHHbIe C01JHHeHI1SI. M., 1968. T. 4. - C. 75.
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53. KOTO)l(eKOB neTpYKa, 1895 r. p0)l():(eHHSI, KatJHHeu, aan XbI3bJJ] Ca.1J1.a.
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56. TyrYIKcKoBa MaHpa.
57. oOTaHI1H r H. O'IepKH ceBepO-3anaJ1.HOM MOHrOJII1H. BhIn. 2. - cn6., 1881. - C. 94.
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64 4ycTeeB H.E., 1905 r. pO)l(,n,eHJf5l, Ka4HHeQ, aan 4ycTeeB.
65 EaplOJlb,L{ B.B C06paHHe C01.JHHeHUH. T. 8. - M , 1973. C. 46.
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...
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21. KaKoBa XY4apaH, 1920 I. pO/K.aeHHSI, caraHKa, aaJI ba3J1HCKaSl DeHKa.
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rJla03 5
1. TOJICTyxHH XapaTaH, 1895 r. pO/K.l1eHHSI, Ka4HHCU, aaJ1 KaH.IJ:aJIOB.
2. OaTa4aKoB COMa". 1880 r. pOiK.IJ:eUIUI, 6eJJbTblp, aan 0011I11'OB.
3. I1cJIaM. KpaTKwH CnpaB01JHHK. - M., 1986. - C. 56.
4 EYTaHacB B 51. XaKaccKo-PYCCKHH HCTOpHKo-3THorpa<}nftJecKHM CJ10Bapb. - A6a-
KaH, 1999 - C 133.
5. KaTaHoB H. <D. OT1Je1' 0 noe3J{Ke, cOBepillcHHoH 15 MaSl 1896 no I ceHTSl6pSl 1896 r. B
MHHYCHHCKHH oKpyr EHHceHcKoM ry6epuliM. 11Y3KY. - Ka3aHb, 1897. KH. 3. - C. 31.
6. TonoeB nai1ca, 1896 r pO)KJ{eHI1S1. Carael(, aaJI X06bIHJIap.
7. YJ1TyprarneB HHKa.LI,HM, 1934 r. pO)l(LI,eHHSI, 6eJ1bTbIp, aaJI nO.HI1TOB.
8. KOBJIeB E.K YK. COtJ. C. 106.
9. Hep6blrneB THKnep, 1905 r. pOJKJIeHMSI, 6eJ1bTbIp, aaJI M. MOHOK.
]0. naTa4aKOB COMa".
11. MHXaMJ10B T.M. EYPSlTCKMH rnaMaHH3M: lfCTOpHR, CTpYKTypa H COUH.aJ1bHbIe <PYHK-
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12. I1CTOpHSI 51KYTCKOM ACCP. T. 1. - M.-J1., 1955. - C 254
13. KpaBuoBa M. E. I1cTopnSl KYJIbTypbI KHTaSi. - Co6., 1999. - C 168.
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16. t:{bIpeHKoBa H.n. WOpCKMH $OJIbKJIOp. - M.-J1., 1940. - C. 311.
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l{euTpaJIbHOH A3HH. - HOBOCH6HPCK, 1986. - C. 98
18. TOJ1CTYXHH XapaTaM, 1895 r. pO)K.D.eHHR, Ka4HHeu, aan KaH.D.aJIOB; Ep6S1rHHa ):lapbSl,
1888 r. pO)KLI,eHHSI, KalJHHKa. aaJI X03aHHap.
19. APXIfB KYHCTKaMepbI JIM. neTpa BCJIMKoro. <D. 5. On. 6. )1.. 20. J1. 28.
20. TaM)Ke <1>. 5. on. 6. ,A. 20. JI. 28.
21. 6aJIraHOBa napacKo, 1913 r. pO)K.LI,CHHSI, Ka1.JHHKa, aaJI banraHoB.
22. raJI.D.aHOBa f.P. L(onaMaHCTU1JeCKlie BepOBaHHR 6YPSIT - HOBOCH6HPCK, 1987. - C.
25, MaKcHMoB C. B KpecTHaSl CHJIa. - KeMepoBo, 1991. - C. 300.
23. 4HpiM TaMblpJIapbl - A6aKaH, 1082. - C. 61.
24. KynarallleBa 06.LJ.0, 1895 r. pO)KJJ:eHHSI, KatJHHKa, aaJ1 OKYHCB.
25 TyrYJKeKoBa Mawpa, 190 I r. p0)f(,aeHHR, KalJHHKa, aaJI CanoroB.
26 EYTaHaeB B.51. TpaJJ:HUHoHllaSi KYJIbTypa 11 6bI1' xaKaCOB. - A6aKaH, 1996. - C. 61.
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CTOKa - 6aKY, 1928. KH 3. - C. 134-139; IToTanoB J1.n. YMaH - 60:>KeCTBO .l1peBHMX
TJOpKOB B CBeTe 3THorpa<pHtJecKHx JIaHHbIX. IfTfOPK0J10flP.iecKHH C60pHIfK. 1972. -
M., 1973. - C. 265-286, BaJleeB <1> T. 3anaJJ:Ho-cH6HpcKlfe TaTapbJ BO BTOpOH nOJIO-
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28. OT I1MeHH fOpbI «bIMaH-'I ac» HJJH «bIMaH-HHe» npOHCXO,LUtT Ha3BaHtfe noceHKa
MaMBa, pacn0J10)KeHHOrO no EHHcelO HanpoTHB «xpaMa» 60rHHM YMaH
29. ApxHB MA3 PAH. <P. 3. On 1 ,lJ.. 114 JI 1 06
256
R H DljrTlaHaeB 6ypxaHH3M TlOpKOB CaJIHo AATaJI
-
30
3)
32
33
34
35
36
37
38.
39
40
41.
42
43
44
45
46
47.
48
49
50
51.
52.
53
MOHrOJIhCKO-PYCCKHH CJ10Bapb. - M , 1957. - C 454. ,lJ,peBHeTJOpKCKHH CJIOnapb
- ]I., 1969. - C 611.
EYTaIIacB B.51 XaKaccKo-PYCCKHi1 HCTOpI1Ko-,)THorpaqHf4ccKHH CJIOBapb A6a-
KaH, 1999
nOTanOB JI n AJ1TaHCKHH 11laMaHJBM 11 , 1991. - C 287.
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fiy I aHaeB B.5I BocrHf1'aHHc MaJIeHbKI1X J(e1'eH y xaKaCOB. //Tpa;U1unOHIlOC BOCDM-
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Kyp6JDKeKOBa A.B.. 19] 5 r. pO)K eHI1S1, KbJ3hUIKa, aa.H OWKOJlb
Il{C1'I1HHH H 11 , 1910 r pO)KJlCIHfS!, Ka lJHHeu., aaJI Y CTb- TyurY)f{YJ1b.
CapJ1HH 6HKO, 1905 r. pO)K 1eHHSJ, Ka4HHCU, aaJ1 ApIliaHoB
KOKOBa napac, 1894 r. pO)K,AeIUHI, KalJ11HKa, aaJI M. Cnl1pHJI
rawKoBa MallY, 1894 r. pOJK,AeHI1S1, KbI3blJ1Ka, aaJI CeKTa.
HaCTOJ1bHa>1 KHl1ra aTeHCTa. - M., 1987. C. 267, CHecapeB r.n. 06pSlll
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KYJlbl0M fI!IOllOpO,lJ,IUI.// nOJlCBbIC I1CCJ1CjJ,OBaHJUI Xope3McKoll 1KcnCI1HIUHf B 1957 r
MX3. BbIII. 4. M., 1960. C 198-199.
PYK QJOHLl XaKHHH.HJlH. ,It 363 11. 62.63.
6axpywHH C B OqepKH no HCTOpHH KpacHO pCKOJ 0 YC3,aa B XVII B HaytfHbIe
Tpy..r bI. - M., 1959 T. 6. - C 37.
MaMbIIIICB 11., 1905 r. p0)KLleHHSI, caraeu, aaJI Kaparal1.
TYTa1'1.J:I1KOBa TaHtla, 1894 r p0)KlleHIiSl, KallIUIKa, aa,;] Wa:IrHHoB
TYBHHCKO-PYCCKHH CJIOBapb. - M , 1968. - C. 208, 6YTaHacB B R. TOjlOHIi IPlecKHH
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baxpyrnHH C.B. YK. COLf C. 38
ur APX <1>. 11-2 On. 1 J{. 350. JI. 40.
KneMCHu. )1. MHllycHHcKaH IllBeHuapH H 60rl1 nyc1'blHI1. C. 52.
llonOB H. 0 KaMeHHbJX 6a6ax Ml1l1ycHHcKoro oKpyra / H3BCCT1I5I COHPrO. T. 2.
2. 1871. - HpKYTCK, 1872. - C. 57.
KOTHHKOBa M., 1895 r. pO)KJ1.eHH , aaJI OOK aXCbI
Ka3a1.H1HoBa KaLla, 1901 r. pO)K.il.eHII , aaJ1 ACB; Ko I HSJKOB KOJIa 1890 r pOJKlleHHSI,
caraeu, aaJI XbIprblcTap.
llJ,eTHHI1Ha M aMbIpa, 1893 r. pO)l(L1eHH5I, aaJ1 TYJIry lIYJI.
rpH3HOB M n. MUHYCl1HCKUe KaMeHHblC 6a6bI B CBWHI C HCKOTOPbI\HI HOBbIMH
MaTCpnaJ1aMH. IICoBcTcKaSi ApxcoJ1onuL ] 950. BblfI 12 - C 149
5IHrynoB MCClICK, 1895 r pO)f(;ICHI15I, Kh13hIJICU, aa:1 Xapa KOoil.
Kyp6H)J(cKoBa A. B., 1915 r pO)J(; CHHSI, KbI3bI:IKa, aa:I OUI KOJlb.
Ka.1bIillCB en. ] 895 r p0)K;\eHI1S1, Kbl3bIJIeU, aaJl Tap4a
l{YP:UfKOB C., 1882 r. pOJKllCHHSI, cal aeu, aa;I YCTb-b.nPb
6YTaHaeB B.5I XaKaccKo-PYCCKl1ii HCTOpHKo-3THorpaqn14ccKI1H CJ10Bapb. - A6aKaH,
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CaM.n.aH 3.b. KYJ1bT KCiK33 B cnCTeMC peJ1HrH03Ho-MuqH1 t icCKI1X B031pcHaH rYBHHueB.
1/ J1HKH TYBI1HCKOii C.IOBeCHOC fl1 Kbl3bIJI. 200 I C 75
54,
55
56
57
58
59
60
6]
62
63
257
B.H EymaHacB 6ypxaHHiJM TlOpKOD CaRHo-AATaR
64. KneMeHU !lA. BBOJlHaR CTaTbSI K onHcalUUO «ApeBHocTen MHHycl1HcKoro MY3eSl)
- TOMCK, 1886. - C. 32-45.
65. TIaTaqaKOB COMali, 1880 r. pO)l(,l],eHI1S1, 6eJlhTblp, aan fIOJ1HTOB.
66 llIa.aceBa (no MY)KY XJ10nOHHHa) BapBapa CTenaHoBHa, 1900 r. pO)l()J.eHHSI, TeJ1cYTKa,
ceOK TYMaT, )1.. QeJ1yxocBO (Ap flaSIT) 6elIOBCKOro paHoHa KeMcpoBcKOH 06JIaCTIi
67. u:r APX. <D. 588. t{. 115 JI. 25.
68 APXHB KYHCTKaMepbI 11M neTpa BCJ1HKoro. <1>. 11, On. 1. . 87. C. 73.
69. A6.l(MHa TaMpa, 1901 r. pO)K]1eHMSI, KalJHHKa, aaJ] M. CrufpMH.
70. Top6ocTaeBa XblcTapa, 1900 r. pO)l(,LlCHHSI, caraMKa, aaJI nepcBo3.
71. CaTJ1aeB <I>.A. YK. COl{. C. 131.
72. IJ.HTHPYIO no H3):(aHIHO' CaMoxBanoB M.M. KY1HeUKMH AJ1aTay HHOpO.rU bI
3ana)II-IOrO CKJlOHa H IO)l(HOM qaCTH xpe6Ta. I1cTopHKo-3THOrpa H'qeCKHH OlJepK. /I
CM6MpCKMM Ha6JIlo,aaTeJ1b. 1902. KH. 9. - C. 33-43.
73. EypnaKoB DnaH, 1895 r. po)f(.lleJUUI, caracQ, aaJ1 OTbI.
74. EOJ1bllIOH TypeQKo-PYCCKMH CJ10Bapb. - M., 1998. - C. 554.
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76. CaMoxBaJ]oB M.M. YK. cot.{. C. 40.
77. EYPHaKoB O£1aH, 1895 r. p0)l(J..\eHHSI, caraeu., aaJ1 OTbI.
78. CaTJ1aCB <I>.A. «Ko1Ja KaH» - cTapHHHbIH 06pSl,a HcnpaUIMBaHHSI nnO.LJ.OpO.lHUI Y
KYMaHJ..\HHUCB. IIC60pHHK MA3. T. 27. - 11., 1971. - C. 130-141.
TeKCTbl MOJ1HTB
1. 3al1MCaHO HaMH B 1986 roJJ.Y 01' neJIareH naBJIOBHbI TO.lIbIIlleBOH, 1902 r. pO)l(.L{C-
HliS!, )f(HTeJ1bHH bl ,lJ;. TeJIeYTbl, A. QOJ1yxoeBo (Ap naSIT) EeJIOBCKOro paHoHa KeMc-
pOBCKOH 06J1aCl H.
2. 3aoMcaHo HaMH B 1982 ro.ay OT A6.aaKHH KbI3JIaCOBOH, 1901 r. pO)l(,n:CHHSI, caraMKH,
aaJI XOM3a.
3. 3aOH:CaHO HaMH B 1982 r. OT Ka3a'-lHHOBOM KaJJ.a, 1901 r. p0)l(.aeHHSI carauKH, aan
AeB.
4. 3an HcaHO HaMH B 1978 r. OT TyrYjf{CKOBOM Mawpbl, 1901 r. pO)K).leHMH, Ka 1.JMHKM, aan
CanoroB.
5. 3anncaHo H. TeHemeBbIM B 1953 r. OT npacKoBbM Top6ocTaeBoH B ,lJ;. CapTaK.
6. 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1986 r. OT n.n. TO,U,bIllieBoH , 1902 f. pO)f(,lIeHIiSl.
7. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1972 f. OT KYJIararneBoH 06,LJ,o, 1895 r pO)f()J.eHHSI, KaqMHKIi, aan
OKYHeB.
8. 3anHcaHO HaMH B 1974 r. OT KapaMallicBoH CapHHIIa 1897 r. pO)f(J].CHM}I, caraMKH,
aaJ1 KaparaM.
9. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1974.r OT KapaMarneBoH CapMH 1 1a.
10. 3anlfcaHo HaMH B 1975 f 01' KOKoBa <I> 11. 1897 r. pOJK)].CHHSI, Ka 1 UIHll.a, aaJ1 Xapa
nYJ1YH.
11. 3aruicaHo HaMIl B 1983 r. OT Ka3a1.J:MHOBOH Ka.LJ.a.
12. 3anHcano HaMW B 1980 r. OT KhI3J1aCOBOH A6.uaKHH.
13 3anncaHO HaMH B 1979 r. OT T onMallIOBOH AHHbJ MMTpMeBHbI 1897 r pO)l(.L{eHHSI,
carallKH, aa..' B ACKH3.
14. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1974 r. OT KapaMarncBoH CapUHya.
15. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1987 f 01' Ka3atIMHOBOH Ka.n;a
16. 3al1HCaHO HaMH B 1986 r. OT neJIarel1 naBJ10BHhI (naHfoHoBHbI) TO.L\bIWeBoii. 1902
r. pO)((.aeHHH, aan Ap naSiT.
258
B.H. DymaHaee 6YPXaJlH3M TlOpKOB CaRHo-AATaR
17 3anlfcaHo H. TeHellIeBbIM B 1953 r. OT OpaCKOBbJ1 Top6oC1 aeBoM B n. CapTaK.
18. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1982 r. OT KbI3JIaCOBOH A6L1.aKlfH.
19. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1977 r. OT EnHllIKHHa Oonaxa, 1915 r. P0)K,[lCHIUI, KbI3blJIQa, aan
KapacYK.
20. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1976 r. OT TOJlCTYXI1Ha XapaTaSl, 1895 r. pO)K,aeHJ.ul, Ka1.HnH.(a, aan
KaHJJ.aJIoB.
21. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1975 r. OT ApbIIlJTaeBOH KotIe, 1879 r. p0)f(JJ.eH1UI, Ka'-lHHKH, aan
M CnHpHH.
22. 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1975 r. 01 ApbIllITaeBOM Koqe.
23. 3anlfcaHo HaMM B 1975 r OT ApbIllITaeBoM KotIe.
24 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1975 r. OT ApblillTaeBoH K01.J:e, 1879 r. p0)K.1J.eH11 SI, Ka1JHHKM, aan
M. CnMpHH.
25. 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1976 r. OT TOJICTyxHHa XapaTa .
26. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1977 r. OT IllypbIllJeBOH: TYJlry, 1888 r. pO:iK,[(CHIHI, Ka '-IHHKI1, aM
III Y P bl III e B .
27. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1978 r. OT llla pMHa CM,[(opa BapJIaMOBH1.J:a, 1910 r p0)K,[(eHI1}),
Ka1.J:HHua, aaJl COMra'-lM.
28. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1977 r. OT TOJlcTyxHHa XapaTaSl.
29. 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1974 r. OT 1.Je6o,[(aeBa Ka3eHHaH, B 1895 r. pO)K,.UeHHSJ.
30. 3anilcaHo H.<I>. KaTaHoBMM B 1890 r OT nbIMoca neTnenecBa, caraHl.(a. (c. 402-
403).
31. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1977 r. OT TOJICTyxHHa XapaTaSJ.
32. 3anHcaHo HaMH B ] 972 r. OT KYJIarameBoM 06,[(0.
33. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1986 r. OT llenareH TIaBJIOBHbl TO.lI.blmCBOM, 1902 r. pOJK.l!CHHSI.
34. 3anMcaHo HaMI1 B 1986 r OT l103b1KaeBOH AJIeKcaH.Qpbl napaQJoHoBHbl, 19] 0 r.
pO)f(,aeHIHI, TeneYTKH, .n. IllaH.LJ.bI EcnOBCKoro paHoHa KeMcpoBcKOH o6nacTH
35. 3anHcaHo A.T. Ka3aHaKoBbiM B 1948 r. Ha p. MaTYp.
36. 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1988 r. OT Capro MaHHarameBoH.
37. 3anHcaHo HaMM B 1978 r. OT Kbl3J1aCOBOM A6.naKHH.
38. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1970 r. OT 06.rx0 KYJlarameBoH.
39. 3arrHcaHo HaMH B 1974 r. OT KapaMallleBoH CapHH'-la
40. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1980 r. OT Ka3a'-lHHOBOH Ka,aa.
41. 3arrMcano HaMil B 1980 r. OT Ka3a'-lMHOBOH Ka.aa.
42. 3anl1CaHO HaMH B 1970 r. OT 06)1.0 KYJIararneBol1.
43. 3anMcaHo HaMH B 1970 r. OT MccneK jlHrYJIOBa.
44. 3arrl1CaHO HaMM B 1980 r. OT Ka3allHHoBoM Katla.
45. 3anHcaHo HaMH B ] 986 r. OT TIo3bIKaeBoH AJleKcaH.rxpbI TIapacpoHoBHbJ, 1910 r.
pO)f(,[(eHMSI, TeJIeYTKH, .n. III aH.l1 bI fieJIOBCKOro paMHa KeMepoBcKoH o6nacTH.
46. 3anHcaHo HaMH B 1986 r. OT I1CJJareH naBJJOBHbl T o):.{bIIlIeBoH, 1902 r. pO)K.neHHSI,
TeJIeYTKH,.n TeneYTbI KeMepoBcKoH 06JIaCTH.
47. 3anHcaHo KapaJIbKHHblM n. B 1949 r. OT Oqy6aJl KOpalJHHOBl11.J:a AneKceeBa, 1883 r.
pO)l(J].eHJ1S1, KYMaH.1J.I1HIJ;a, ypO)KeHl.{a aHn3 KapnbIK CTapo-Eap.nHHcKoro paHoHa An-
TallCKoro KpaJl.
259
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.l.I.lf3aHH 06JJOJKKIf .l.I. A. BaCIfJll.CBd
nO..:mcallo B nc'!aTI. 02042003 <1>opMaT 60xK4 1/16.
nC'!aTI. o!jJceTHaH. 6YMara o!jJcCTIlaH rapHIfTypa Timcs Ncw Romdn
<1>113 lIe'!.!1 16,75 YC;IIIC'!.JI ]5,58 Y'! -1f31\ JJ ]5,5
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OTlle'la:raIlO B TIlIIO! pa!jJ1l1f XaKaCCKOIO rOCYilapCTBCIIHoro Y"IIBCpCIfTCTa
11M H.<1>. KaTaHoBd
6550 17, r A6aKaH. lip Jlemma, 94