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ISBN: 978-5-0069-3644-7
Текст
ДЖУДИ ГРЭММЕР
Преподаватель и автор практических
пособии по английскому языку
Английские
слова,
которые мы
путаем
Объяснения на русском, примеры,
истории и практические задания
Английские слова, которые мы путаем
Объяснения на русском, примеры, истории и практические
задания
Джуди Грэммер
© Джуди Грэммер, 2026
ISBN 978-5-0069-3644-7
Создано в интеллектуальной издателвской системе Ridero
Предисловие
Дорогой читатель,
Эia книга создана для всех, кто хочет свободно ориентироваться в английской лексике
и избегать распространенных ошибок. Часто одни и те же слова вызывают путаницу, хотя
их значения и употребление могут быть разными.
Каждая глава посвящена паре или группе слов, которые легко спугагь. В книге есть
подробное объяснение значений и правил употребления, примеры предложений
с переводом, истории для закрепления материала и упражнения для практики. Всё это
помогает понять, как правильно использовать слова в разных ситуациях.
Цель книги - помочь уверенно выбирать слова, понимать их тонкости и применять
естественно в речи и письме Материал подходит для продолжающих (В1—В2) и полезен
как для подг оговки к экзаменам, так и для повседневног о общения.
Пусть изучение английского станет увлекательным и эффективным!
Say or Tell?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы say и tell оба переводятся как «говорить», однако употребляются по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Say - делает акцент на содержании высказывания (что сказано).
Tell - делает акцент на получателе информации (кому сказано).
2. Грамматические конструкции
SAY
say + something
say + (that) + clause
say to somebody
После say прямое дополнение без предлог а обычно не используется.
Examples:
She said she was tired.
- Она сказала, что устала.
Не said that he didn’t understand the task.
- Он сказал, что не понял задание.
She said something interesting.
- Она сказала что-то интересное.
Не said to me that he would call later.
- Он сказал мне, что позвонит позже.
TELL
tell somebody something
tell somebody (that) + clause
tell a story / the truth / a he
tell somebody to do something
После tell обязательно указыеается получатель информации.
Examples:
She told me the answer.
- Ona сказала мне ответ.
He told us that the exam was difficult.
- Он сказал нам, что экзамен был сложным.
Му teacher told a funny story.
- Мой учитель рассказал смешную историю.
Please cell me the truth.
- Пожалуйста, скажи мне правду.
She told us to open our books.
- Она сказала нам открыть учебники.
3. Полезные советы
Если в предложении есть ответ на вопрос «кому?», чаще используется tell.
Если важен сам текст сообщения, чаще используешя say.
Конструкцию tell somebody to do something следует запоминать как устойчивую
модель.
Выражения tell the truth, tell a lie, say hello, say goodbye лучше учить целиком.
Story
Last week our English teacher said that we would have a surprise speaking task. She did not
say what the topic would be, so everyone felt nervous. Some students said it would be about
school life, while others said it might be about future plans.
Before the lesson, my best friend told me that he had prepared a short story about his
dream job.. He told me his main ideas and asked for advice. I said that his idea was interesting
and told him to speak more confidently.
When the lesson began, the teacher told us to choose a random card. My card said «An
Important Decision». At first, 1 did not know what to say. Then I remembered a real situation
from my life and decided to tell the class about it. 1 told them how I had to choose between
sports and music school.
After my speech, the teacher said I had made good points. She told me to work on my
pronunciation. Her feedback gave me confidence. Later, my friend said he felt proud
of himself. He told me that regular practice helps to speak more dearly.
That day I understood that it is important not only to say something, but also to tell people
your ideas clearly.
Useful Words and Expressions
surprise speaking task - неожиданное устное задание
topic - >ема
feel nervous - чувсгвова ib волнение
future plans - планы на будущее
dream job - рабога мечты
mam ideas - основные идеи
ask for advice - просить совета
speak confidently - говорить уверенно
random card - случайная карючка
at first - сначала
real situation - реальная ситуация
choose between - выбирать между
make good points - приводить веские аргументы
pronunciation - произношение
feedback - обратная связь
give confidence - придавать уверенность
regular practice - регулярная практика
clearly - ясно, четко
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (say or tell)
She me the truth yesterday.
He that he was tired.
Please us what happened.
She hello to everyone.
He me to wait outside.
They that the exam was easy.
My parents me a story.
What did she to you?
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
She (said / told) that she was busy.
He (said / told) me the news.
They (said / told) hello to the teacher.
She (said / told) us to open our books.
He (said / told) a lie.
I (said / told) that I agreed.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever told someone an important secret? How did you feel?
What do teachers usually tell students before an exam?
When was the last time you sa-d something you later regretted?
Who do you usually tell about your problems?
Why is it important to say your opinion clearly?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
told
said
tell
said
told
said
told
say
Exercise 2
said
told
said
told
toM
said
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I once told my friend an important secret. I felt nervous at first, but later I felt relieved
because I trusted that person.
Teachers usually tell students to stay calm and read the tasks carefully. They often tell them
to manage their time wisely.
The last time I said something I regretted was during an argument. I spoke too quickly
without thinking. Later I apologized,
I usually tell my close friend about my problems. I trust this person and value their advice.
It is important to say your opinion clearly because people cannot understand you otherwise.
Clear communication helps to avoid misunderstandings.
Mini Memory Tips
Tell + someone + something
Say + something
Tell someone to do something - устойчивая модель
Запоминайте усюйчивые выражения целиком
Speak or Talk?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы speak и talk переводятся как «говорить», однако употребляются в разных
ситуациях.
1. Основное различие
Speak - более формальное слово. Часто используется в официальных ситуациях, при
упоминании языков или публичных выступлений.
Talk - менее формальное. Используется в повседневном общении и обозначает
разговор как процесс.
2. Грамматические конструкции
SPEAK
speak + language
speak to/with somebody
speak about something
speak at a conference / meeting
Examples:
She speaks English and Spanish.
- Она говорит на английском и испанском.
I need to speak to the teacher.
- Мне нужно поговорить с учителем.
Не spoke about his future plans.
- Он говорил о своих планах на будущее.
The student spoke al the school event.
- Ученик выступил на школьном мероприятии
TALK
talk to/with somebody
talk about something
talk on the phone
talk for hours
Examples:
I talked to my friend after school.
- Я поговорил с другом после школы.
They talked about the exam.
- Они говорили об экзамене.
She was talking on the phone.
- Она pa3i сваривала по телефону.
We talked for two hours.
- Мы разговаривали два часа.
3. Полезные советы
Для языков используется только speak.
В официальных ситуациях чаще употребляется speak.
В неформальной беседе чаще используется talk.
В большинстве случаев talk to и talk with взаимозаменяемы.
Story
Last month our school organized an international week. Several guests came to speak about
their countries and cultures. One of them spoke English very clearly, even though it was not
his first language. He also spoke about the importance of learning foreign languages
in modern society.
Before the event, our teacher told us to prepare questions. She sa d we should not be afraid
to speak in public. I was nervous because I do not usually speak in front of a large audience.
After the presentation, students started to talk to the guests in small groups. I talked with
a student from another country about school life. We talked about exams, hobbies and future
plans. At first, I was shy, but soon I felt more confident.
Later, I had a chance to speak to one of the speakers personally. We spoke about education
and career opportunities That conversation helped me understand how important it is not
only to study a language, but also to speak it regularly.
By the end of the week, I realized that the more you talk to different people, the easier it
becomes to speak confidently.
Useful Words and Expressions
international week - международная неделя
guest - гость
culture - культура
clearly - ясно
foreign language - иностранный язык
modern society - современное общество
prepare questions - подг отовить вопросы
be afraid - бояться
in public - публично
audience - аудитория
small groups - небольшие группы
school life - школьная жизнь
future plans - планы на будущее
shy - застенчивый
confident - уверенный
career opportunities - карьерные возможности
regularly - ре1улярно
realize - осознавать
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (speak or talk)
She can three languages.
I need to to you after class.
They were about the test results.
He will at the conference tomorrow.
We for hours last night.
Please more slowly.
She was on the phone when I called.
I would like to with the manager.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
He can (speak ! talk) French fluently.
They (spoke / talked) about their plans.
She will (speak / talk) at the meeting.
I need to (speak / talk) to the doctor.
We (spoke / talked) for a long time.
He was (speaking / talking) on the phone.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Do you preferto speak in front of a class or talk in small groups? Why?
How often do you speak English outside the classroom?
Who do you usually talk to about your problems?
Have you ever spoken at a school event? Describe your experience.
Why is it important to talk to people from different cultures?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
speak
speak
talking
speak
talked
speak
talking
speak
Exercise 2
speak
talked
speak
speak
talked
talking
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I prefer to talk in small groups because 1 feel more relaxed. It is easier for me to express my
ideas in a smaller audience.
I speak English mostly during lessons. Sometimes I practice by watching videos and
speaking aloud at home.
I usually talk to my close friends about my problems. I trust them and appreciate their
support.
Yes, I once spoke at a school event. I felt nervous at first, but later I became more confident
and proud of myself.
It is important to talk to people from different cultures because it broadens our horizons.
Communication helps us understand different perspectives.
Mini Memory Tips
Speak a language.
Speak in formal situations.
Talk about everyday topics.
Talk emphasizes conversation as a process.
Make or Do?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы make и do часто переводятся как «делать», однако используются в разных
ситуациях.
1. Основное различие
Маке - используется, когда мы создаём, производим или получаем результат.
Do - используется, koi да речь идёт о процессе, дея1ельности или выполнении задачи.
2. Грамматические конструкции
МАКЕ
make + object
make a decision / mistake / choice
make a plan
make progress
make somebody + adjective
make somebody do something
Examples:
She made a cake for her family.
- Она пригоювила торг для семьи.
I made a decision to study harder.
- Я принял решение учиться усерднее.
Не made a mistake in the test.
- Он сделал ошибку в тесте.
This music makes me happy.
- Эта музыка делает меня счастливым.
The teacher made us repeat the rule.
-Учитель заставил нас повторить правило.
DO
do homework
do housework
do a task
do exercises
do your best
do well / badly
Examples:
I did my homework in the evening.
- Я сделал домашнее задание вечером.
She does the housework every weekend
- Она делает работу по дому каждые выходные.
Не did his best at the competition.
- Он сделал все возможное на соревновании.
We are doing an exercise now.
- Мы сейчас выполняем упражнение.
3. Полезные советы
Если есть конкретный результат или созданный объект -чаще используется make.
Если речь идёт о процессе или обязанности - чаще используется do.
Некоторые выражения нужно запоминать как устойчивые: make a mistake, make
a decision, do homework, do your best.
Story
Last Saturday I had many things to do. First, I needed to do my homework because I had
several important tasks for Monday. I tried to do everything carefully and not make any
mistakes. After finishing my homework, I decided to make a plan for the next week.
My parents asked me to do some housework. I had to do the washing up and do the
cleaning in my room. It was not very exciting, but I understood that it was my responsibility.
When I finished, I felt proud because 1 had done my best.
In the afternoon, I wanted to make something creative. I decided to make a short video for
a school project. It took me two hours to make it, but I was satisfied with the result. The
project made me more confident because I learned how to organize my time better.
By the end of the day, I realized that it is important not only to do daily tasks, but also
to make plans and set goals. When you do your cubes and make good decisions, you feel
more organized and successful.
Useful Words and Expressions
have many things to do - иметь много дел
important task - важное задание
make a mistake - сделать ошибку
make a plan - coc iaan гь план
do housework - делать работу по дому
do the washing up - мыть посуду
do the cleaning - убираться
responsibility - ответственность
do your best - сделан ь всё возможное
feel proud - чувствовать юрдость
creative - творческий
school project - школьный проект
be satisfied with - быть довольным
result - результат
organize time - opi анизовывать время
set goals - стави i ь цели
daily tasks - повседневные дела
successful - успешный
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (make or do)
She a mistake in her essay.
I need to my homework tonight.
They a decision together.
He always his best in class.
We are going to a cake.
She the cleaning every Saturday.
I want to progress in English.
Please this exercise carefully.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
He (made / d-d) a mistake,
She (made / did) her homework.
They (made / did) a plan.
I (made / did) my best.
We (made / did) the washing up.
She (made / did) great progress.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What household tasks do you usually do at home?
Have you ever made an important decision recently? What was it?
How do you make plans for your school week?
What helps you do your homework effectively?
Why is it important to make goals for the future?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
made
do
made
does
make
does
make
do
Exercise 2
made
did
made
did
did
made
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I usually do the cleaning and do the washing up at home. These tasks help me develop
responsibility and independence.
Yes, I recently made a decision to focus more on my studies. I understood that it was
necessary for my future goals.
I usually make a weekly plan in my notebook. It helps me organize my time and avoid stress.
к quiet place and a clear plan help me do my homework effectively. I also try to avoid
distractions.
It is important to make goals because they give direction to our actions. Clear goals help us
stay motivated and organized.
Mini Memory Tips
Make = создать результат.
Do = выполнить действие.
Запоминайте устойчивые выражения как ютовые блоки.
Проверяйте, есть ли конкре!ный результат?
Take or Bring? Understanding the Difference
Grammar Focus
Глаголы take и bring оба связаны с перемещением предметов или людей,
но от личаются направлением движения.
1. Ochobi юе различие
Take - движение от говорящего или из одного места в доугое.
Bring - движение к говорящему или к месту, i де находится собеседник.
Проще запомнить так:
take - «унести, отвезти»
bring - «принести, привезти»
2. Грамматические конструкции
TAKE
take something somewnere
take somebody somewhere
take to school / work / home
take part in
take photos
Examples:
I will take my book to school tomorrow.
- Я возьму (отнесу) кни1у в школу завтра.
She took her little brother to the park.
-Она о i вела младше! о бра та в парк.
Please take this letter to the office.
- Пожалуйста, отнеси это письмо в офис.
Не takes part in many competitions.
- Он принимает участие во многих соревнованиях.
BRING
bring something (to somebody)
bring somebody something
bring to school / home
bring back
Examples:
Can you bring me my notebook?
- Можешь принести мне мою 1етрадь?
She brought some snacks to the party.
- Она принесла закуски на вечеринку.
Please bring your homework tomorrow.
- Пожалуйста, принесите домашнее задание завтра.
Не brought back souvenirs from his trip.
- Он привоз сувениры из поездки.
3. Полезные советы
Спросите себя: движение к юворящему или or Hei о?
Если предмет движется к месту, i де вы находитесь, чаще используется bring.
Если предмет уносится в дру| ое место-чаще используется take.
Устойчивые выражения (take part in, bring back) нужно запоминать целиком.
Story
Last Friday our class decided to organize a small school fair. The teacher told us to bring
different things from home. Some students brought handmade decorations, while others
brought homemade cakes and drinks.
I decided to take part in the organization of the event, My task was to take the tables from
the classroom to the school hall. It was hard work, but my friends helped me. Later, my
mother asked me to bring some paper plates from home I promised to bring them early
in the morning.
On the day of the fair, many students took photos and brought their friends to see the
event. One of my classmates forgot to bring his project, so his parents had to bring it later.
After the fair, we had 10 take everything back to the classrooms. We took the decorations
down and brought the remaining food to the teachers' room. The event brought us closer as
a class because we worked together.
That day I understood that when everyone brings something useful and takes responsibility,
any project can become successful.
Useful Words and Expressions
organize a fair - организовать ярмарку
school hall - актовый зал
handmade decorations-украшения ручной работы
homemade cakes -домашние торты
take part in - принимав участие в
organization - организация
task - задание
hard work - тяжелая работа
promise - обещагь
early in the morning - рано у гром
forget - забывать
project - проект
take back - унести обратно
bring back - принести/привезти обратно
work together - работать вместе
take responsibility - брать ответственность
successful - успешный
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (take or bring)
Please your notebook tomorrow,
I will this book to the library.
Can you me some water?
She her sister to school every day.
He forgot to his project.
We need to these boxes back.
I want to part in the competition.
They souvenirs from their trip.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
Please (take / bring) me your homework.
I will (take i bring) this letter to tne office.
She (took / brought) her friend to the party.
Can you (take / bring) some snacks?
He (took / brought) part m the олимпиаде.
They (took / brought) the chairs to the hall.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What do you usually bring to school every day?
Have you overtaken part in a school event? Describe it.
Who usually takes you to school?
Have you ever forgotten to bring something important? What happened?
Why is it important to take responsibility m group projects?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
bring
take
bring
takes
bring
take
take
brought
Exercise 2
bring
take
brought
bring
took
took
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I usually bring my textbooks, notebooks and a water bottle to school. These items help me
stay organized during the day.
Yes, I once took part in a school concert. I helped with the organization ano felt proud of the
final result.
My parents usually take me to school by car. Sometimes I go on foot with my friends.
Yes, I once forgot to bring my homework. I had to explain the situation to the teacher and
felt embarrassed.
It is important to take responsibility in group projects because every member plays a role.
Responsible behavior leads to better results.
Mini Memory Tips
Brmg = к говорящему.
Take = от говорящего.
Think about direction before choosing the verb.
Запоминайте устойчивые выражения отдельно.
Come or Go?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы come и go обозначают движение, но различаются направлением относительно
говоряще! о.
1. Основное различие
Соте - движение к месту, |де находится говорящий или к месту, которое
рассматривается как «ценф ситуации».
Go - движение от говорящею в друюе место.
Проще запомнигь:
соте - «приходить, приезжать сюда»
до - «уходить, уезжать туда»
2. Грамматические конструкции
СОМЕ
come home / here / back
come to school / to a party
come with somebody
come From
Examples:
Please come to my birthday party.
- Пожалуйста, приходи на мой день рождения.
She came home late yesterday.
- Она пришла домой поздно вчера.
Не comes from a small town.
- Он родом из маленького города.
Can you come with us?
-Ты можешь пойти с нами?
GO
go to school / work / the cinema
go home
go out
go abroad
go for a walk
Examples:
I go to school every day.
- Я хожу в школу каждый день.
They went to the cinema last night.
- Они ходили □ кино вчера вечером.
She wants to go abroad next year.
- Она хочет поехать за границу в следующем i оду.
We are going for a walk.
- Мы идём гулять.
3. Полезные советы
Если движение направлено к вам или к месту разговора - используйте соте.
Если движение направлено в другое место - используйте до.
В приглашениях чаще используется соте.
После home предлог to не используется: go home, come home.
Story
Last weekend my friend invited me to come to his country house. He said that several
classmates would come as well. I was happy because I did not want to stay at home all
weekend.
On Saturday morning, I went to the train station with my parents. My friend told me to call
him when I came to the village. When I arrived, he came to meet me near the station. Soon
the other guests came, and we all went to the house together.
During the day, we went for a walk in the forest and went to a small lake nearby. In the
evening, more friends came to join us. Some of them came from another town. We played
games and talked for hours.
On Sunday afternoon, it was time to go home. My friend asked me to come again next
month. I agreed because I really enjoyed the trip. When 1 came back home, I realized how
important it is to go out and spend time with friends.
Useful Words and Expressions
invite - приглашать
country house - 3ai сродный дом
classmate - одноклассник
train station - железнодорожная станция
v llage - деревня
arrive - прибывать
meet - встречать
guest - гость
go Гог a walk - идти гулять
nearby - поблизости
join - присоединяться
play games - играть в игры
tor hours - часами
enjoy - наслаждаться
spend time - проводить время
go out - выходить куда-либо
agree - coi лататься
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (come or go)
Please to my party on Saturday.
I usually to school by bus.
When will you back home?
Tney to the park yesterday.
Can you with us?
She asked me to early.
We are going to abroad next year.
He from a small town.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I will (come / go) to your house tonight.
She (came / went) to see me yesterday.
We usually (come / go) shopping on weekends.
Please (come / go) here.
They (came / went) home late.
He wants to (come / go) with us.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Do you prefer to stay at home or go out on weekends? Why?
Who usually comes to visit your family?
How do you usually go to school?
Have you ever gone abroad? Descr ibe your experience
Why is it important to come on time to meetings or lessons?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
come
go
come
went
come
come
qo
comes
Exercise 2
come
came
go
come
came
go
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I prefer to go out on weekends because it helps me relax and spend lime with friends.
Staying active improves my mood.
My relatives usually come to visit us during holidays. We spend time together and share
family news.
I usually go to school by bus Sometimes I walk if the weather is good.
Yes, 1 once went abroad with my family. It was an interesting experience that helped me
learn more about another culture,
It is important to come on time because it shows respect for others. Bemg punctual also
helps maintain discipline.
Mini Memory Tips
Come = движение к говорящему.
Go = движение от говоряще! о.
В приглашениях чаще используется соте.
Go home / Come home - без предлога to.
Give or Offer?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы give и offer связаны с передачей nei о-либо дру| ому человеку, но используются
в разных ситуациях.
1. Основное различие
Give - передать что-то фактически, в результате чего другой человек это получает.
Offer - предложить что-то, предоставить возможность принять или отказаться.
Проще запомнить:
give - дейавиеуже происходит.
offer - это предложение, выбор остаётся за дру! им человеком.
2. Грамматические конструкции
GIVE
give somebody something
give something to somebody
give advice / a gift / help
give a chance
Examples:
She gave me a useful book.
- Она дала мне полезную книгу.
Не gave his friend some advice.
- Он дал своему дру| у совет.
The teacher gave us extra homework.
- Учитель дал нам дополнительное задание.
Му parents gave me a chance to study abroad.
- Родители дали мне возможность учиться за i раницей.
OFFER
offer somebody something
offer something to somebody
offer help / support / assistance
offer to do something
Examples:
She offered me some help.
- Она предложила мне помощь.
He offered to carry my bag.
- Он предложил понести мою сумку.
The company offered a new opportunity to students.
- Компания предложила новую возможность студентам.
I offered my seat to an elderly woman.
- Я предложил своё место пожилой женщине.
3. Полезные советы
Если действие уже совершено и предмет передан - чаще используется give.
Если человек только зыражает ютовность помочь или что-то предоставить -
используется offer.
Конструкцию offer to do something следует запоминать как устойчивую модель.
Слова advice, help, support могут употреблят ься с обоими глаголами, но значение будет
немно! о отличаться.
Story
Last month our school organized a charity event. Students wanted to help a local
community center. First, the teachers gave us information about the project and gave clear
instructions. They gave each class a specific task.
Many students offered their help immediately. Some offered to organize a small concert,
while others offered to collect books and clothes. 1 decioed to offer my time after school
to help with preparation.
During the event, visitors gave money and useful items. One family gave several boxes
of books. Volunteers offered support to elderly visitors and offered to carry heavy bags.
At the end of the day, the principal gave a short speecn. She gave thanks to everyone who
participated. She also offered students a certificate for their active involvement.
This experience taught me that when people offer help and give their time and energy, they
can achieve important goals together. It is not enough to wait for others to act. Sometimes
you should offer your support first, and then give your best effort to complete the task
successfully.
Useful Words and Expressions
chanty event - благотворительное мероприятие
community center - общественный центр
give instructions - давать инструкции
specific task - конкретное задание
offer help - предлагать помощь
collect books - собират ь khhi и
preparation - подготовка
visitor - посетитель
useful items - полезные вещи
volunteer - волонтер
carry heavy bags - нести тяжёлые сумки
give thanks - выражать благодарность
certificate - cepi ификат
involvement - участие
achieve goals - достигать целей
energy - энергия
complete the task-завершить задание
support - поддержка
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (give or offer)
She me some useful advice.
He to help with the project.
The teacher us clear instructions.
I would like to you my support.
They their friend a gift.
She to carry my bag.
The school students a new opportunity.
My parents me a chance to improve.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
He (gave / offered) me a present.
She (gave / offered) to help with homework.
They (gave / offered) us useful information.
I (gave / offered) my seat to an elderly person.
The teacher (gave / offered) us extra practice.
She (gave / offered) her support during the project.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever offered to help someone? What happened?
What useful advice have your parents given you?
Would you offer your ume tor a charity event? Why?
When was the last time someone gave you support?
Why is it important not only to give, but also to offer help?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
gave
offered
gave
offer
gave
offered
offered
gave
Exercise 2
gave
offered
gave
offered
gave
offered
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I once offered to help my ciassmate with homework. We worked together, and it
improved both our understanding and cooperation.
My parents have g.ven me advice about time management and responsibility. Their
guidance bias helped me make better decisions.
Yes, I would offer my time for a charity event. Participating in such activities helps develop
empathy and social responsibility.
The last time someone gave me support was before an important exam. My family
encouraged me and helped me feel more confident.
Il is important not only to give, but also to offer help because initiative shows responsibility.
Offering help creates opportunities for cooperation.
Mini Memory Tips
Give= передача уже произошла.
Offer = предложение, выбор остаётся за дру| им человеком.
Offer to do something - устойчивая модель.
Проверяйте: действие уже выполнено или это только предложение?
Watch or Look or See?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы watch, look и see связаны co зрением, однако имеют разное значение
и употребление.
1. Основное различие
See - видеть (процесс восприятия происходит естественно, без усилия).
Look- CMOipeib (направлять B3i ляд сознательно).
Watch - наблюдать (смотреть внимательно, обычно за действием или процессом).
Проще запомнить:
see - результат восприятия.
look - направить B3i ляд.
watch - наблюдать за процессом.
2. Грамматические конструкции
SEE
see something / somebody
see a film / a doctor
see that + clause
Examples:
I saw my teacher in the street.
- Я увидел ceoei о учителя на улице.
We saw an interesting film yesterday.
- Мы посмотрели ингеоесный фильм вчера.
She can see the mountains from her window.
- Она видит горы из своего окна.
LOOK
look at something / somebody
look for
look after
look like
Examples:
Look at the board, please.
- Посмотрите на доску, пожалуйста.
She is looking for her keys.
- Она ищет свои ключи.
He looks tired today.
- Он выглядит уставшим сегодня.
WATCH
watch TV
watch a film / a match
watch somebody do something
Examples:
They watched a football match last night.
- Они смотрели футбольный магч вчера вечером
I like to watch TV in the evening.
- Я люблю <.мО1реть телевизор вечером.
She watched her brother play the piano.
- Она наблюдала, как ее брат hi рает на пианино.
3, Полезные советы
После look всегда нужен предлог at. если указывается объект.
Watch используется для фильмов, матчей, шоу и других процессов.
See часто используется, koi да действие не требует усилий.
Выражения look for, look after, look like имеют устойчивое значение и запоминаются
целиком.
Story
Last weekend I decided to spend a quiet evening at home. At first, I looked at my phone
to see if there were any new messages. Then I looked for an interesting film to watch. After
a few minutes, I found one that my friend had recommended.
1 watched the film carefully because the story was unusual. While I was watching it, I noticed
many small details that I did not see at first. The mam character looked confident, but I could
see that he was worried inside.
After the film, 1 went to the balcony and looked at the city lights. From there, I could see the
park and the mam street. Later, I watched a short video online and saw a trailer for another
film.
That evening made me realize how often we look at things without really seeing them.
When we watch something attentively, we begin to notice more details. It is important not
only to look at the world around us, but also to see it clearly.
Useful Words and Expressions
quiet evening - спокойный вечер
message - сообщение
look for - искать
recommend - рекомендовать
carefully - внимательно
unusual - необычный
notice - замечать
at first - сначала
mam character - главный герой
confident - уверенный
inside - внутри
balcony - балкон
city lights - 01 ни города
trailer - трейлер
attentively - внимательно
detail - деталь
realize - осознавать
clearly - ясно
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (watch, look or see)
I can the mountains from here.
Please al the board.
We a film yesterday evening.
She is for her glasses.
Did you that new student?
They a football match last night.
at this photo.
I did not him at school today.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I like to (watch / look / see)tv after-dinner.
She (watched / looked/saw) an interesting programme.
Please (watch / look / see) at me.
I (watched ! looked / saw) my friend in the library.
He is (watching / looking /seeing) for his bag.
We (watched / looked / saw) the stars at night.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What do you usually watch in your free time?
Have you ever seen a film that impressed you? Why?
What do you see from your window?
How often do you look for information online?
Why is it important to watch carefully during lessons?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
see
look
watched
looking
see
watched
Look
see
Exercise 2
watch
watched
look
saw
looking
saw
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I usually watch educational videos and films in my free time. They help me relax and learn
something new.
Yes, I have seen a film that impressed me deeply II had a strong message and memorable
characters.
From my W'ndow, I can see a park and several buildings. Sometimes 1 also see children
playing outside.
1 look for information online almost every day. It helps me complete school tasks and
expand my knowledge.
It is important to watch carefully during lessons because attention improves understanding.
Careful observation helps avoid mistakes.
Mini Memory Tips
See = видеть естественно.
Look at. = направить взгляд.
Watch = наблюдать процесс.
После look нужен предлог at.
Hear or Listen?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы hear и listen оба связаны co слухом, но используются по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Hear - слышать, восприятие происходит автоматически, без усилий.
Listen - слушать, созна1ельно обращать внимание на звук или речь.
Проще запомнить.
hear - воспринимав звук.
listen - активно сосредоточи шея на звуке или речи.
2. Грамматические конструкции
HEAR
hear something /somebody
hear about / from somebody
hear that + clause
Examples:
I heard a strange noise last night.
- Я услышал странный шум прошлой ночью.
Did you hear the news about the exam?
- Ты слышал новое i и об экзамене?
I heard that she passed the test.
- Я слышал, что она сдала тест.
LISTEN
listen to something / somebody
listen carefully / closely
listen for something
Examples:
Please listen to the teacher.
- Пожалуйста, слушай re учителя.
I like to listen to music in the evening.
- Мне нравится слушать музыку вечером.
She listened carefully to the nstructons.
- Она внимательно слушала инструкции.
I was listening for the sound of the doorbell.
- Я прислушивался к звонку в дверь.
3. Полезные совв1Ы
hear описывав! пассивное восприятие звуков.
listen требует сознательного внимания.
После listen всегда используется предлог to. если указывается объект.
Слова carefully, closely, for something homoi аю1 уточнить действие.
Story
Yesterday I had an interesting day at school. In the morning, 1 heard a strange sound
outside the classroom. I did not pay much attention, but later I heard that it was a small
parade near the school.
During the English lesson, our teacher asked us to listen carefully to a recording. I listened
to the dialogue and tried to understand every word. My friend was listening closely as well.
After that, we answered some questions about what we had heard.
At break, 1 heard my classmates talking about the upcoming sports event. They said it would
be exciting. I listened to their ideas because I wanted to participate too.
In the afternoon, I listened to a music lesson. The teacher asked us to listen for different
instruments in a short piece. I realized that listening carefully helped me notice details that
1 would not hear otherwise.
By the end of the day, I understood the difference between hearing and listening. Hearing
happens naturally, but listening requires focus and attention.
Useful Words and Expressions
strange sound - странный звук
pay attention - обращать внимание
recording - запись
dialogue - диалог
answer questions - отвечать на вопросы
break - перемена
upcoming - предстоящий
exciting - захватывающий
ideas - идеи
music lesson - урок музыки
instrument - инструмент
notice details - замечать детали
naturally - естественно
focus - сосредоточенность
attention - внимание
hear about - слышать о
listen to - кушать что-либо
listen carefully - слушать внимательно
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (hear or listen)
Did you the news about the school trip?
Please to the instructions.
I can birds singing outside my window.
She was_______carefully to the teacher.
We didn't the doorbell.
I like to to music in the evening.
He a strange noise in the kitchen.
Listen! Can you that sound?
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (hear/ listen) a loud bang last night.
She (heard / listened) to the teacher carefully.
Did you (hear / listen) what he said?
We (heard / listened) to a story in class.
He (heard / listened) someone knocking at the door.
I like to (hear / listen) to podcasts on my phone.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
When was the last time you heard something surprising?
What kind of music do you like to listen to?
Do you listen carefully during lessons? Why or why not?
Have you ever listened to a story more than once"? What did you notice?
How is listening different from hearing in your opinion?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
hear
listen
hear
listening
hear
listen
heard
hear
Exercise 2
hear
listened
hear
listened
heard
listen
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I heard a strange noise outside my house last rught. It made me curious, so I looked out the
window.
I like to listen to pop music and classical music. It helps me relax and focus at the same
time.
Yes, I usually listen carefully during lessons because it helps me understand the material
better.
Yes, 1 listened to a story more than once in class. The second time I noticed details 1 missed
before.
Hearing happens automatically, but listening requires attention and focus. Listening helps
you understand and remember better.
Mini Memory Tips
Hear = слышать естественно, без усилий.
Listen to = слушать созна1ельно.
После listen Bcei да используется to при указании обьекта.
Можно использовать listen carefully/closely для уточнения действия.
Remember or Remind?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы remember и remind связаны с памятью, но используются по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Remember - помнить что-ю самому, удерживать информацию в голове.
Remind - напоминать кому-ю о чём-то, помогать вспомнить
Проще запомнить:
remember - я помню.
remind - я напоминаю кому-ю,
2. Грамматические конструкции
REMEMBER
remember something
remember to do something
remember + mg (герундий)
Examples:
I remember my first day at school.
- Я помню свой первый день в школе.
Don’t forget to remember to bring your homework.
- He забудь вспомнить о домашнем задании, (обычно проще: «remember to bring your
homework»)
I remember meeting my best friend in the park.
- Я помню, как BCipeiHJi своею лучшею дру1а в парке.
REMIND
remind somebody (about something)
remind somebody to do something
remind me I you / them
Examples:
Please remind me to call my mother.
- Пожалуйста, напомни мне позвонить маме.
The teacher reminded the students about the homework.
- Учитель напомнил ученикам о домашнем задании.
Can you remind him to bring the book?
- Можешь напомнить ему принести KHHiy?
3, Полезные советы
Если действие связано с вашим собственным воспоминанием - используйте remember.
Если нужно, ч гобы кто-то вспомнил или сделал что-то - используйте remind.
После remind часто используется обьект (кою напоминаем) и предлог about или
инфинитив для действия.
Слова don't forget, please, can you iiomoi аю1 формулировать вежливые напоминания.
Story
Last week I had a very busy schedule at school In the morning, I remembered that I had
a math test. I quickly prepared for it. During the lesson, I remembered some important
formulas that helped me answer the questions.
After the test, my friend reminded me about the English homework. I had completely
forgotten to do it. She reminded me to finish it before the next lesson. 1 was grateful because
I usually remember my tasks, but somebmes I forget.
Later, our teacher reminded the class about the upcoming sports competition. She
reminded us to bring sports clothes and water. I also remembered that I wanted to ask my
parents to buy new sneakers for the event.
In the evening. I remembered an old story my grandmother told me. It made me smile.
1 realized that remembering important tnmgs and helping others by reminding them is very
useful in everyday life.
Useful Words and Expressions
busy schedule - плотный график
remember something - помнить что-то
remember to do something - не забыть сделать что-то
remind somebody - напоминать кому-то
grateful - благодарный
completely forgotten - полностью забыл
important formulas - важные формулы
upcoming - предстоящий
sports competition - спортивное соревнование
bring sports clothes - приносить спорт ивную одежду
sneakers - кроссовки
lesson - урок
grandmother - бабушка
smile - улыбаться
everyday life - повседневная жизнь
help others - i iomoi агь дру| им
English homework - домашнее задание по ан! лийскому
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (remember or remind)
I my first day at school.
Can you me to call my friend?
Don't forget to to bring your homework.
She me about the meeting yesterday.
I always my parents' birthdays.
Please him to do the exercises.
I meeting my best friend in the park.
The teacher the students to prepare for the test.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (remember / remind) my keys at home.
She (remembered / reminded) me about the exam.
Don't forget to (remember / remind) your homework.
Can you (remember / remind) me to call my mother?
He (remembered / reminded) his first day at school
The alarm clock reminded me / remembered me to wake up.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What do you usually remember about your school day?
Have you ever reminded someone about an important task? What happened?
How do you help your friends remember homework or events?
Can you remember a happy memory from last year? Describe it.
Why is it important to both remember and remind in everyday life?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
remember
remind
remember
reminded
remember
remind
remember
reminded
Exercise 2
remembered
reminded
remember
remind
remembered
reminded
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I usually remember my lessons, tasks, and important events during the school day. It helps
me stay organized.
Yes, I reminded my friend to submit his homework. He was thankful because he almost
forgot.
I send messages or tell my friends in person to remember’ assignments or school events. It
helps us not miss important tasks.
I remember a happy birthday party last year. We played games, ate cake, and laughed a lot.
It is important to remember so we do not forget important things, and to remind others so
they can stay organized and responsible.
Mini Memory Tips
Remember = помнить самому.
Remind = напоминать кому-то.
Remember to do something = не забыть сделать.
Remind somebody to do something = напомнить выполнить действие.
Learn or Study?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы learn и study оба связаны с получением знаний, но используются по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Study - изучать, концентрироваться на материале, 1ратить время на обучение.
Learn - учить или усваивать знания, понимать и запоминать информацию.
Проще запомнит:
study = процесс обучения.
learn = результат обучения, усвоение знаний.
2. Грамматические конструкции
STUDY
study a subject / topic
study for an exam / test
study at school / university
study hard / carefully
Examples:
I study English every day.
- Я изучаю ан1 лийский каждый день.
She is studying for the math lest.
- Она готовится к контрольной по математике.
We study history at school.
- Мы изучаем историю в школе.
Не studies hard to get good grades.
- Он усердно учится, чтобы получать хорошие оценки.
LEARN
learn something new
learn a skill / language
learn by heart
learn from mistakes
Examples:
I learned a lot from this lesson.
- Я многому научился на этом уроке.
She is learning to play the piano.
- Она учится играть на пианино.
We need to learn these words by heart.
- Нам нужно выучить эги слова наизусть.
You can learn from your mistakes.
- Ты можешь учиться на своих ошибках.
3. Полезные советы
Study описывает активную работу с учебным материалом.
Learn подчеркивает результат - что вы запомнили или поняли.
Можно study для rot о, чтобы learn.
Выражения learn by heart, learn from mistakes, study for a test - устоявшиеся,
запоминайте целиком.
Story
Last week 1 decided to improve my English skills. Every morning, I study grammar and
vocabulary for about an hour. I take notes carefully and try to understand the rules. Studying
regularly helps me feel confident during lessons.
In the afternoon, 1 try to learn new words by heart. 1 repeat them several times and use
them in sentences. I also learn useful expressions for everyday conversations. Sometimes
I learn something from my mistakes, especially when I make errors in writing exercises.
At school, we study history and science. Our teacher explains the topics clearly, and we try
to study actively by asking questions and doing exercises. By the end of the week, I realized
that learning happens not only at school but also at homie. The more I study, the more I learn.
It is important to balance study and practice to achieve qood results.
Useful Words and Expressions
improve skills -улучшать навыки
grammar - грамматика
vocabulary - словарный запас
take notes - делать заметки
understand rules - понимать правила
study regularly - учиiься ре1улярно
feei confident - чувствовать уверенность
learn by heart - выучить наизусть
repeat - повторять
everyday conversations - повседневные разг оаоры
make mistakes - делать ошибки
writing exercises - письменные упражнения
explain clearly - обьяснять ясно
ask questions - задавать вопросы
balance study and practice - сочетать учёбу и практику
achieve good results - достигать хороших результатов
active learning - активное обучение
new words - новые слова
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (learn or study)
I English at school every day.
She wants to how to play the guitar.
We need to these words by heart.
He hard for the math test.
I a lot from my mistakes.
They history and geography at school.
I try to new expressions every day.
Vou should carefully to get good grades.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (learn / study) English every morning.
She is (learning / studying) for the test.
We need co (learn / study) these formulas.
He (learns / studies) a lot from his teacher.
They (learn / study) science at school.
I (learn / study) new words by heart.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What subject do you study every day?
Have you recently learned something new? What was it?
How do you usually study for exams?
Do you preferto learn alone or with friends? Why?
Why is it important to study regularly?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
study
learn
learn
studies
learn
study
learn
study
Exercise 2
study
studying
learn
learns
study
learn
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I study English and math every day. Regular study helps me understand the material better.
Ves, I recently learned a new recipe. I tried it at home and it turned out delicious.
1 usually study by reviewing my notes and doing practice exercises. It helps me remember
the material.
I prefer to learn with friends because we can ask each other questions and explain difficult
parts together.
It is important to study regularly because consistent practice helps retain knowledge and
achieve good results.
Mini Memory Tips
Study = процесс изучения.
Learn = результат изучения, усвоение знаний.
Study to learn - используйте как последовательность: сначала учимся, потом
запоминаем
Learn by heart = выучить наизусть; learn from mistakes = учиться на ошибках.
Wear, Dress, or Put On?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы wear, dress и put on связаны с одеждой, но имеют разные значения
и упоюебление.
1. Основное различие
Wear - носить одежду регулярно или в данный момент
Put on - надевать одежду прямо сейчас, действие.
Dress - одевать кого-то или одеваться самому (ино[да с «ир» для подчеркивания).
Проще заномниш:
wear = иметь на себе одежду.
put on = надевать одежду.
dress = одеваться / одевать кого-то.
2. Грамматические конструкции
WEAR
wear clothes / shoes / accessories
wear regularly / often / today
wear for occasions
Examples:
I wear a school uniform every day,
- Я ношу школьную форму каждый день.
She is wearing a red dress today.
- Cei одни она в красном платье.
Не likes to wear casual clothes at home.
- Ему нравится носить повседневную одежду дома.
PUT ON
put on clothes / shoes / accessories
put on a coat / hat / gloves
put on for an event
Examples;
I put on my jacket because it was cold.
- Я надел куртку, поiому чю было холодно.
She put on her shoes quickly
- Она быстро надела обувь.
Don't forget to put on your hat before going outside.
- He забудь надеть шапку перед выходом на улицу.
DRESS
dress oneself
dress somebody
dress up (одеваться нарядно)
Examples:
I usually dress quickly in the mormng.
- Обычно я быстро одеваюсь утром.
Му mother dresses my little brother every day.
- Моя мама одевает моею младшею брата каждый день.
We need to dress up for the school party.
- Нам нужно нарядно одеться для школьной вечеринки.
3. Полезные советы
wear = текущее состояние или привычка.
put on = действие надевания, «сейчас надеваю».
dress = акцент на процессе одевания, для себя или друюго человека.
dress up = нарядно одеваться для события.
После put on и wear часто идут конкретные предметы одежды.
Story
Yesterday I had a busy day at school. In the morning, I put on my school uniform quickly
because I was late. My mother dressed my little brother and reminded him to wear warm
clothes because it was cold outside.
At school, most students were wearing their uniforms. Some wore jackets because it was
chilly, and others wore colorful scarves. During the art class, I noticed that my friend was
wearing a new hai.
In the afternoon, we had a school party. Everyone had io dress up for the event. I dressed
in a nice shirt and trousers. Some students put on makeup and wore fancy dresses. We took
many photos and enjoyed the celebration.
After returning home, I changed my clothes and put on comfortable pajamas. My brother
also put on his favorite T-shirt. That day I realized how often we put on, wear, and dress
in different clothes depending on the situation and occasion.
Useful Words and Expressions
school uniform - школьная форма
jacket - куртка
warm clothes - тёплая одежда
wear scarves - носить шарфы
new hat - новая шляпа
dress up - нарядно одеваться
shirt and trousers - рубашка и брюки
fancy dress - нарядное платье
pajamas - пижама
comfortable - удобный
remind - напоминаш
take photos - фого1 рафировашся
art class - урок рисования
chilly - прохладно
return home - вернуться домой
favorite T-shirt - любимая футболка
event - событие
situation - си |уация
occasion - случай
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (wear, dress, put on)
I usually a T-shirt and jeans to school.
Don't forget to your coat; it's cold outside.
She always quickly in the morning.
My mother my little sister before school
We need to_____up for the party.
He is a red sweater today.
I put on my shoes and ready to go.
Students often uniforms at our school.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (wear / put on / dress) my new shoes yesterday.
She (wore / put on / dressed) a beautiful dress to the party.
My father (wears / puts on / dresses) a suit for work every day.
Don't forget to (wear / put on / dress) your hat.
We need to (wear / put on / dress) up for the concert.
He (put on / wore / dressed) his coat before leaving the house.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What do you usually wear to school?
Do you like to dress up for parties? Why or why not?
Have you ever put on clothes quickly because you were late? Describe it.
Who usually dresses younger children in your family?
Why is it important to wear appropriate clothes for different occasions?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
wear
put on
dress
dresses
dress
wearing
be (or «ready»)
wear
Exercise 2
put on
wore
wears
put on
dress
put on
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I usually wear a T-shirt, jeans, and sneakers to school. It is comfortable and suitable for
lessons
Yes, I like to dress up for parties because it is fun to wear fancy clothes and feel festive.
Yes, I once put on my clothes quickly because I woke up late. I forgot my jacket but still
made it to school on time.
My mother usually dresses my httle brother, She chooses his clothes and helps him put
them on.
Wearing appropriate clothes is important because it shows respect for the occasion and
makes you feel comfortable.
Mini Memory Tips
wear = носить (состояние, привычна).
put on = надева i ь 11рямо сейчас.
dress = одеваться (самому) или одевать koi о-то.
dress up = нарядно одевагься.
Проверяйте: действие сейчас (put on) или состояние (wear)?
Borrow or Lend?
Grammar Focus
Rnai олы borrow и lend связаны с займами, но различаются направлением действия.
1. Основное различие
Borrow - брать что-то у ког о-то, временно пользован ься.
Lend - давать что-то кому-то на время, чтобы дру, ой человек moi использовать.
Проще запомнить:
borrow = взять у кого-то.
lend = дать кому-то.
2. Грамма1ические конструкции
BORROW
borrow something from somebody
borrow books / money/ clothes
borrow fora short time
Examples:
I borrowed a book from the library.
- Я взял книгу в библиотеке.
Can I borrow your реп Гог a moment?
- Могу я одолжить твою ручку на минуту?
She borrowed some money from her friend.
- Она заняла немного денег у своей подруги.
LEND
lend something to somebody
lend books / money / clothes
lend for a short time
Examples:
I lent my notebook to my classmate.
- Я одолжил свой блокнот однокласснику.
Can you lend me your phone?
- Можешь одолжить мне свой телефон?
Не lent some money to his brother.
- Он дал немн01 о денег своему брагу.
3 Полезные советы
Если вы берете что-то - borrow.
Если вы даете что-то - lend.
После borrow используется предлог from (от кого).
После lend используется предлог to (кому).
Часто встречается формула, borrow from someone / lend to someone.
Story
Last week I needed a book for my history project. I borrowed it from my friend because the
library was closed. She reminded me to return it on time. Later, I needed a pen to finish my
notes. My classmate lent me her pen, so I could write everything carefully.
During the weekend, I borrowed a small amount of money from my brother to buy some
school supplies. I promised to give it back the next day. My parents often lend me things when
I need them, like books, stationery, or clothes for events.
I realized that borrowing and lending are very common in everyday life. When you borrow
something, it is important to take care of it. When you lend something, it is polite to ask tor it
back later. These small actions help people trust and help each other.
Useful Words and Expressions
borrow something - брать взаймы
lend something -давагь взаймы
library - библиотека
return on time - вернуть вовремя
classmate - одноклассник
notes - записи
project - проект
school supplies - школьные принадлежности
take care of - заботиться о
promise - обещать
small amount of money - небольшая сумма дене1
events - мероприятия
polite - вежливый
everyday life - повседневная жизнь
trust - доверие
help each other - помогать друг дру>у
pen - ручка
notebook - блокнот
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (borrow or lend)
Can I you r notebook for a moment?
She me some money yesterday.
I need to a book from the library.
My friend me her jacket.
He always books to his classmates.
I borrowed a pen, and now I must it back.
Can you me your phone?
They borrowed some clothes from their sister.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (borrow / lendj a pencil from my friend.
She (borrowed / lent) her shoes to her sister.
Can I (borrow / lend) some money from you?
He (borrowed / lent) me his textbook.
We need to (borrow / lend) a few chairs for the party
My mother (borrowed / lent) me her scarf yesterday.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever borrowed something from a friend? What was it?
Who usually lends you books or school supplies?
How do you make sure to return borrowed items on time?
Have you ever lent money to someone? What happened?
Why is it important to be careful when borrowing or lending?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
borrow
lent
borrow
lent
lends
return
lend
borrowed
Exercise 2
borrow
lent
borrow
lent
borrow
lent
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I borrowed a notebook from my classmate last week. It helped me finish my
homework.
My friends and teachers usually lend me books or pens when I need them.
I set reminders on my phone and write notes so I can return borrowed items on time.
Yes, I once lent money to my cousin. He returned it the next day as promised.
It is important to be careful because borrowed things can get lost or damaged. Taking care
of items shows respect and trust.
Mini Memory Tips
borrow - брать у koi о-то
lend = давать кому-то.
После borrow - from; после lend - to.
Помните: You borrow from someone, you lend to someone.
Lose or Miss?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы lose и miss связаны с потерей или упущением, но используются по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Lose - т ерять чю-то физическое или абстрактное (предмет, дены и, время, шанс).
Miss - пропустить событие, опоздать, не попасть на что-то, либо скучать по кому-то.
Проще запомнить:
lose = потерять.
miss = гipoiiycIи।ь или скучать.
2. Грамматические конструкции
LOSE
lose something / somebody
lose keys / money / opportunity
lose a game / match
Examples:
I lost my keys yesterday.
- Я по>ерял свои ключи вчера.
She lost her phone on the bus.
- Она потеряла телефон в автобусе.
Our team lost the football match.
- Наша команда проиграла футбольный матч.
Don't lose your chance to try.
- He упусти свой шанс попробовать.
MISS
miss a bus / tram / class / opportunity
miss somebody / something
miss the chance / flight
Examples:
I missed the bus this morning.
- Я опоздал на автобус cei одня ут ром.
She missed her family when she was abroad.
- Она скучала по своей семье, когда была за границей.
Don’t miss the chance to visit the museum.
- He упусти шанс посетить музей.
He missed the last episode of the show.
- Он пропустил последний эпизод шоу.
3. Полезные советы
lose = что-то ушло, npoi 1ало.
miss = вы не успели, что-ю не произошло, либо скучаем
После miss часто идет |рансгюрт, события, людей, возможности.
Слова chance, opportunity, bus, train, family помогут определить, что выбрать.
Story
Last week was very busy for me. On Monday, I lost my school notebook. I looked
everywhere but couldn't find it. I also lost a pen while walking home. That day I realized it is
easy to lose small things if you are not careful.
On Tuesday, I missed the bus because I woke up late. I had to wait for the next one and was
late for school. During lessons, I missed some important information because I was distracted.
Later in the week, my parents went on a trip. I missed them a lot and called them every day.
On Friday, I missed the school assembly because I had a dentist appointment. However,
I didn't lose my homework and managed to submit it on time.
At the end of the week, I understood the difference between losing and missing. Losing
something is permanent, while missing something is temporary, but both can be frustrating if
you are not attentive.
Useful Words and Expressions
lose something - терять что-то
miss a bus / train - опоздать на 1ранспорг
miss an opportunity - упустить возможност ь
miss somebody - скучать по кому-то
school notebook - школьная тетрадь
pen - ручка
distracted - отвлеченный
lessons - уроки
submit homework - сдавать домашнее задание
look everywhere - искать везде
dentist appointment - прием у стоматолога
busy week - загруженная неделя
important information - важная информация
next one - следующий (транспорт)
call somebody - звони iь кому-i о
frustrating - раздражающий
careful - внимательный
permanent/temporary - постоянный / временный
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (lose or miss)
I always my keys in the mornmg.
She the bus yesterday.
Don't this opportunity.
He his wallet at the park
I my friends when they travel.
We the last episode of the show.
Be careful not to your homework.
I my tram because I was late.
Exercise 2 Choose the correct answer
I (lose / miss) my notebook yesterday.
She (lost / missed) the meeting because she was late.
Don't (lose / miss) your chance to participate.
He (lost / missed) his keys again.
I (lost / missed) my parents while they were abroad.
We (lost / missed) the bus this morning.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever lost something important? What was it?
Have you ever missed a bus or tram? What happened?
Who do you miss when you are at school all day?
Have you ever missed an opportunity? Describe it.
How can you avoid losing or missing important things?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
lose
missed
miss
lost
miss
missed
lose
missed
Exercise 2
lose
missed
miss
lost
missed
missed
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I once lost my favorite pen at school. I looked everywhere but couldn't find it.
I missed the bus last week and had to wait for the next one. I arrived late to school.
I miss my family and friends when I am at school all day. 1 hke to call them after classes.
Yes, I missed the chance to participate in a competition last year because I didn't register
in time.
I try to keep important things m one place and set reminders for events and deadlines.
Mini Memory Tips
lose = терять (вещь, шанс, игру).
miss = опоздать, пропустить событие, скучать по кому-то.
lose - результат, miss - упущение или эмоция.
Подсказка: если что-то ушло Haecei да - lose, если вы неуспели или скучаете - miss.
Win or Beat?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы win и beat связаны с победой, но употребляются по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Win - выигрывать соревнование, награду, матч или конкурс. Победа обычно
выражается результатом.
Beat - побеждать кого-то конкретного, одерживать верх над соперником.
Проще запомнить:
win = выиг ра гь (результат).
beat = победи it koi о-ю (действие против соперника).
2. Грамматические конструкции
WIN
win a game / match / prize / competition
win easily / narrowly / finally
Examples:
Our team won the football match.
- Наша команда выиграла фу|6ольный ма(ч.
She won a prize tor her painting.
- Она выиграла приз за свою картину.
Не finally won the chess competition.
- Он наконец выиг рал шахматный турнир.
BEAT
beat somebody / a team / a competitor
beat easily / narrowly / badly
Examples:
We beat our rivals in the basketball game.
- Мы победили наших соперников в баскетболе.
Не beat his brother at chess.
- Он победил своего брата в шахматы.
The team oeat their opponents easily.
- Команда легко победила своих противников.
3. Полезные советы
win = результат: кто получил победу, награду, приз.
beat = процесс победы над конкретым соперником
Часто win используют с соревнованиями, призами, Hai радами.
beat требует обьекта (koi о/что побеждаете)
Можно сказать: Our team beat theirs and won the championship.
Story
Last Saturday, our school held a sports day. In the morning, I participated in the 100-meter
race I ran fast and won the race. My friend beat several classmates to take second place It
was exciting to see everyone trying their best.
In the afternoon, the basketball team played against a rival school. Our team beat their
opponents 30 to 25. After the game, we celebrated because we won the championship.
Everyone was happy and proud of the results.
Later, there was a quiz competition. I tried hard but didn't win this time. My friend beat me
in the final round and got the first prize. Even though I didn’t win, I learned a lot and enjoyed
the challenge.
At the end of the day, 1 realized tnat winning feels great, Out beating someone reguires
effort and strategy. Both experiences teach you teamwork, patience, and perseverance.
Useful Words and Expressions
win a race / match / prize - выи1 рать гонку / матч / приз
beat somebody / a team - победить koi о-то / команду
sports day - спор|ивный день
run fast - быстро бегать
rivals - соперники
score - счёт
championship - чемпионат
quiz competition - викторина
final round - финальный раунд
celebrate - праздновать
proud - гордиться
try hard - стараться
exciting - захватывающе
teamwork - командная работа
patience - терпение
perseverance - насюйчивость
opponents - противники
learn a lesson - извлечь урок
enjoy the challenge - получать удовольствие от вызова
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (win or beat)
Our team the football match yesterday.
She her brother at chess.
I finally the race after months of practice
The team their opponents easily.
He didn’t the competition, but he tried his best.
We were happy because we the championship.
Can you your friend in the guiz game?
They the rival school in basketball.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (win / beat) a prize in the drawing contest.
Our team (won / beat) 3—2 in the soccer match.
She (won / beat) her sister al the piano competition.
We (won / beat) the final round and celebrated.
He (beat / won) the game easily
They (beat / won) the tournament last year.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever won a competition? What was it?
Have you ever beaten someone in a game or sport? Describe it.
How do you feel when you win?
Do you think it is more important to win or to try your best? Why?
Can you remember a time when your team won a championship? How did you celebrate?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
won
beat
won
beat
win
won
beat
beai
Exercise 2
win
won
beat
won
beat
won
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I won a school drawing contest last year. I felt very proud and received a small prize
I once beat my friend in a chess game. I planned my moves carefully and won after a long
match.
When I win, 11 eel happy and confident. It motivates me to work harder.
1 think it is more important to try your best because effort is what helps you improve, even if
you don't win.
Our team won the school football championship last year. We celebrated by taking photos
and having snacks together.
Mini Memory Tips
win = ныи1 рать (результат).
beat = победить koi o-to (действие против соперника).
Используйте: beat someone to win.
Результат - w;n; процесс победы над соперником - beat.
Find or Look For?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы find и look for связаны с поиском, но имеют разные значения и использование.
1. Основное различие
Look for - искать что-то, предпринимать действия, чтобы найти предмет или
инфоьмацию,
Find - найти что-то после поиска, обнаружить.
Проще запомнить:
look for = искат ь (процесс).
find = найти (результат поиска).
2. Грамматические конструкции
LOOK FOR
look for something / somebody
look for a book / keys / friend
look for information / solution
Examples:
I am looking for my glasses.
- Я ищу свои очки.
She looked for her homework all morning.
- Она искала свою домашнюю pa6oiy всё утро.
We are looking for a solution to the problem.
- Мы ищем решение этой проблемы
FIND
find something / somebody
find a book / keys / friend
find out (узнавать, выяснять)
Examples:
I found my glasses under the table.
- Я нашёл свои очки под столом.
She found her homework in her bag.
- Она нашла свою домашнюю работу в сумке.
Did you find out the answer to the question?
- Ты выяснил ответ на вопрос?
3. Полезные советы
look Гог = процесс поиска Используется с настоящим или прошедшим временем: I ат
looking for.../I looked for. ..
find = результат поиска. Используется после тою, как обьект найден: I found... / She
found....
Часто фраза: look for something and then find it.
find out - узнать, еыяснить (новая информация).
Story
Yesterday, I lost my favorite pen at school. I looked for it everywhere - under the desk,
in my bag, and even on the floor. I was worried because it was a gift from my friend.
During the lunch break, my friend helped me look for the pen. We checked the classroom
and the playground, but we couldn’t find it. Finally, after the last lesson, I found my pen in the
library. I was very happy and thanked my friend for helping me look for it.
Later, I needed to find some information for a school project. I looked for books in the
library and online. After some time, I found all the materials I needed. That day I realized that
looking for something takes effort, but finding it brings satisfaction.
Useful Words and Expressions
look for something - искать что-то
find something - найти что-то
favorite реп - любимая ручка
under the desk - под столом
in my bag - в моей сумке
playground - игровая площадка
worried - обеспокоенный
helped me - tiomoi мне
checked the classroom - проверили класс
library - библиотека
school project - школьный проект
books - книги
online - онлайн
materials - материалы
after the last lesson - после последнего урока
brings satisfaction - приносит удовлетворение
take effort- требует усилий
gift from a friend - подарок oi друга
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (look for or find)
I can’t my keys anywhere.
She finally her lost notebook.
We are a good book in the library.
He looked for his shoes but didn’t them.
I need to some information for my homework.
They are their teacher in the school yard.
Did you your wallet?
I looked for my glasses and them under the bed.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (look for / find) my phone for an hour yesterday
She (found / looked for) her keys in her bag.
We (looked for / found) a solution to the problem online.
He (looked for / found) his book on the table.
They (found / looked for) the answer after searching.
I am (looking for /finding) my notebook right now.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever looked for something for a long time? What was it?
When was the last time you found something .mportant?
How do you usually look for lost items at home or school?
Have you ever looked for information online? Wnat did you find?
Why is it important to carefully look for and then find tnmgs?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
look for
found
looking for
find
find
looking for
find
found
Exercise 2
look for
found
looked for
found
found
looking for
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I once looked for my glasses for an hour. They were under my oed.
I found my lost backpack yesterday. It was in the classroom.
1 usually check all possible places, like my bag, desk, and pockets, to find lost items.
Yes, I looked for information about planets online and found many interesting facts.
It is important because careful searching helps you not lose time and ensures you get what
you need.
Mini Memory Tips
look for = иска!ь (i ipopecc).
find = найти (результат).
Сначала вы look for, потом find.
find out = узнать, сыяснить (новая информация).
Hope or Wish?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы hope и wish связаны с желаниями или ожиданиями, но уно1ребляю1ся
по-разному и с разными временами.
1. Основное различие
Норе - надеяться на что-то возможное или [вероятное а настоящем или будущем.
Wish - желать чего-то невозможного, нереального или сожалеть о прошлом.
Проще запомнить:
hope = реальная надежда, ожидание.
wish = мечта, сожаление, невозможное.
2. Грамматические конструкции
НОРЕ
hope + that + present / future
hope 1- to + verb
hope for + noun
Examples:
I hope that it doesn't rain tomorrow.
- Я надеюсь, что завтра не будет дождя.
She hopes to visit London this summer
- Она надеется посетить Лондон этим летом.
We hope for good news from the teacher.
- Мы надеемся на хорошие новости от учителя.
WISH
wish + past simple нереальное настоящее
wish + past perfect сожаление о прошлом
wish + could/would желание, невозможное или будущее
Examples:
I wish I were taller.
- Я хотел бы быть выше (но это невозможно сейчас)
She wishes she had studied harder.
- Она жалеет, что училась недостаточно усердно.
I wish it would stop raining.
- Я хотел бы, чтобы дождь прекратился, (в будущем, желаемое, но не уверены, что
произойде!)
3. Полезные советы
hope = возможно, реально, вероятно.
wish = нереально, невозможно, сожаление.
Слова-подсказки: hope for good luck / wish I could fly / wish I had done...
После hope чаще настоящее или будущее; после wish - прошлое или невозможное
настоящее/будущее.
Story
Last weekend, 1 had an important test at school. I hoped to do well because I studied hard.
I hoped that the teacher would give us easier questions, and I also hoped my friends would do
well too.
After the test, I realized I had made some mistakes. 1 wished I had checked my answers
more carefully. I also wished I had started preparing earlier because some questions were
difficult.
On Sunday, it rained all day. I hoped the sun would come out so I could go for a walk.
I wished it weren’t raminq because 1 wanted to play football outside.
In the evening, 1 reflected on the week. Hoping for belter results motivates me to study
more. Wishing sometimes helps me understand what 1 could improve, but I know I should
focus on what is possible.
Useful Words and Expressions
hope to do something - надеяться сделать что-то
hope that - надеяться, что
hope for good news - надеяться на хорошие новости
wish I could - хотелось бы уметь/сделать
wish I had - сожаление о прошлом
stop raining - прекратить дождь
do well - хорошо справиться
check answers - проверять ответы
study hard - усердноучиться
difficult questions - сложные вопросы
important test - важный тесг
prepare earlier - готовиться заранее
motivate - мо1ивирова1ь
improve - улучшать
focus on - сосредоточит ься на
reflect on - обдумывать
possible / impossible - возможное / невозможное
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (hope or wish)
I to see my friends this weekend.
She she had studied more for the exam.
We for good weather during our trip.
I I could play the guitar.
They that the teacher gives easy questions.
He he had not forgotten Ins homework.
I______to pass my English test.
She it weren’t raining today.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (hope / wish) to visit Paris next year.
He (wishes / hopes) he had arrived earlier.
We (hope / wish) for success in the competition.
I (wish / hope) I were taller.
She (hopes / wishes) to see her friend tomorrow.
I (wish / hope) I had studied harder for the test.
Exercise 3, Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What do you hope for this week?
Is there something you wish you could do but can't?
Can you think of a time you wished you had studied more?
How does hoping help you in your daily life?
How can wishing be useful even if it's impossible?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
hope
wishes
hope
wish
hope
wish
hope
wish
Exercise 2
hope
wishes
hope
wish
hopes
wish
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I hope to finish my homework on time and get good grades this week.
I wish I could speak English fluently, but I need more practice.
Yes, I once wished I had studied more for a math test. 1 didn’t get a good grade.
Hoping motivates me to work harder and achieve my goals.
Wishing helps me reflect on what 1 want or what I could improve, even if it's not possible.
Mini Memory Tips
hope = реально, возможно, вероятно.
wish = невозможно или сожаление о прошлом.
После hope настоящее I будущее.
После wish прошлое или невозможное настоящее/будущее.
Формулы: hope to do / hope that... / wish I could / wish I had....
Wait or Expect?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы wait и expect связаны с ожиданием, но имеют разное значение
и использование.
1 Основное различие
Wait - ждать кого-то или чего-то, находиться в состоянии ожидания.
Expect - ожидать, счи1ать вероятным или предвидеть событие.
Проще запомнить:
wait = ждать (физически или временно).
expect = рассчитывать на что-то, предвидеть.
2. Грамматические конструкции
WAIT
wait for somebody / something
wait a few minutes / hours
wait patiently
Examples:
I waited for the bus at the stop.
- Я ждал автобус на остановке.
She waited for her friend outside the school.
- Она ждала подру|у возле школы.
Please wait a moment; I will help you.
- Пожалуйста, подождите мину1у; я помогу вам.
EXPECT
expect somebody / something
expect to + verb
expect that + clause
Examples:
I expect my parents to arrive soon.
- Я ожидаю, чю мои роди iели скоро приедут.
She expects to get good marks in the test.
- Она рассчитывает получить хорошие оценки на тесте.
We expect that the weather will be sunny tomorrow.
- Мы ожидаем, что завтра будет солнечная погода.
3. Полезные советы
wait = процесс ожидания, часто с предлогом for.
expect = результат или предвидение, без необходимости физически жда1Ь.
Часто expect выражает уверенность или предположение о будущем.
Можно сказать: I am waiting for the bus and expect it to arrive soon.
Story
Yesterday was a busy day. In the morning, I waited for the school bus at the stop. It was
late, so I waited patiently for ten minutes. I expected the bus to arrive on time, but sometimes
delays happen.
Later, at school, I waited for my friend to come to the library. While waiting, I expected
to finish my homework quickly. She arrived after a few minutes, and we studied together.
In the afternoon, we expected a special guest to visit our classroom. Everyone was excited
and waited quietly for the teacher to introduce the guest. The lesson was interesting, and we
learned a lol.
At the end of the day, I realized that waiting and expecting are different. Waiting requires
patience, while expecting helps plan and prepare for events. Both are important in everyday
life.
Useful Words and Expressions
wait for somebody / something - ждать koi о-то / 4ei o-to
want patiently - ждать терпеливо
expect somebody / something - ожидать кого-то/ чего-то
expect to + verb - рассчитывать сделать что-то
expect that + clause - ожидать, что...
school bus - школьный авюбус
arrive on time - приехать вовремя
delays - задержки
library - библиотека
homework - домашняя pa6oia
special guest - особый гость
classroom - класс
teacher - учи i ель
lesson - урок
plan and prepare - планировать и готовиться
everyday life - повседневная жизнь
excited - взволнованный
quietly - тихо
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (wait or expect)
I for the bus at the stop.
She to get good grades this semester.
Weare our friend at the library.
Don't too long; the food will be ready soon.
I that the teacher will explain the lesson clearly.
He waited for the tram and it to arrive on time.
They patiently outside the school.
I expect to my homework before dinner.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (wait / expect) for my parents at the station.
She (waits / expects) to meet her friend soon.
We (wait / expect) the bus to arrive late.
He (waited / expected) for an hour before the meeting.
I (wait / expect) a reply to my email.
They (wait / expect) their friends at the playground.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
When was the last time you had to wait for someone?
Have you ever expected something that didn't happen? Describe it.
How do you feel while waiting Гог something important?
Do you expect your teachers to explain lessons clearly? Why?
Can you wait patiently m a long line? What helps you?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
watted
expects
waiting for
wait
expect
expected
waited
finish / complete (or contextually: «expect to finish»)
Exercise 2
wait
expects
expect
waited
expect
wait
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I waited for my friend at the bus stop yesterday. Sne arrived ten minutes late.
Yes, I expected it to be sunny last weekend, but it rained all day.
While waiting for something important, I feel nervous but try to stay patient.
Yes, I expect my teachers to explain lessons clearly because it helps me understand and
learn better.
Sometimes 1 can wait patiently in a long line. Listening to music or reading helps me pass
the time.
Mini Memory Tips
wait = ждать koi о-то или чего-то (процесс).
expect = ожидать, рассчитывать, предвидеть (результат).
wait for - предлог обязательно.
expect = без предло! а для объекта.
Формула: wait for something / expect something / expect to do something.
Stay or Live?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы stay и live оба могут переводиться как «жить», но имеют разные значения
и употребление.
1. Основное различие
Stay - временно находиться где-то, оставаться на короткий период.
Live - проживать постоянно, имет ь дом или место жительства.
Проще запомнить:
stay = оставаться временно.
live = жить постоянно.
2. Грамматческие конструкции
STAY
stay somewhere (hotel / friend's house / city)
stay for a few days / a week
stay with somebody
Examples:
I stayed at my grandmother’s house last weekend
- Я остался в доме бабушки на прошлых выходных.
She stayed in Paris for three days.
- Она провела три дня в Париже.
We stayed with our friends during the trip.
- Мы останавливались у друзей во время поездки.
LIVE
live in a city / country / house
live with somebody
live alone / with family
Examples:
I live in Moscow with my family.
- Я живу в Москве с семьей.
She lives in a small aoartment near school.
- Она живет в небольшой квартире рядом со школой.
They live alone in the countryside.
- Они живут одни в деревне.
3. Полезные coaeibi
stay = временное место (отпуск, поездка, визит).
live = постоянное место проживания.
После stay часто используется предлог at или with.
После live чаще используе[ся in или with.
Формула: slay al/in/with - короткий период; live m/with - постоянно.
Story
Last summer, I went to visit my cousin in Lonoon. I stayed with him for one week. During
my stay, we visited museums, parks, and many famous places. I really enjoyed staying
in a new city and exploring it with my cousin.
Back home, 1 live in a small apartment with my parents. I live near school, so it is easy to go
there every day. Living in my own city is comfortable because I know all the streets and
friends.
Sometimes, during holidays, I stay in another city to travel or visit relatives. But my home is
where I live permanently. I realized that staying somewhere is excting for a short time, but
living somewhere means having a stable home.
Useful Words and Expressions
stay somewhere - оставаться где-то временно
live somewhere - жить постоянно
stay with somebody - останови шея у кою-то
live with somebody - жить с кем-то
live alone - жить одному
apartment - квартира
countryside - деревня 1 сельская местность
city - город
home - дом
visit relatives - навеои ш родственников
during my stay - во время Moei о пребывания
travel - путешествовать
museums - музеи
parks - парки
famous places - известные места
comfortable - удобно
explore a city - исследовать город
permanent home - постоянное место жительства
Exercises
Exercise 1, Fill in the blanks (stay or live)
I at my friend’s house for two nights.
She in a small town near the sea.
We will with our aunt during the holiday.
They in Moscow w‘th their grandparents.
I in a hotel when 1 visit Paris.
He alone in a big apartment.
During the trip, I in London for a week.
My sister in the countryside.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (stay / live) at my cousin's house last weekend.
She (stays / lives) in New York permanently.
We (stay / live) in a hotel for three nights.
They (stay / live) with their uncle m the city.
He (lives / stays) alone in a small flat.
I (stay / live) near my school all year.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Where do you live? Describe your home.
Have you ever stayed somewhere temporarily? Where?
Do you prefer staying in hotels or visiting friends' nouses? Why?
How long can you stay somewhere without feeling uncomfortable?
Why is it important to know the difference between stay and live?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
stayed
lives
stay
live
stay
lives
stayed
lives
Exercise 2
stay
lives
stay
live
I ives
live
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I live in a small apartment with my family. It has two bedrooms and a kitchen.
Yes, I stayed at my friend’s house during the summer holidays. It was very fun.
I prefer staying at friends’ houses because it feels more comfortable and personal.
I can stay somewhere for a few days without feeling uncomfortable. Longer stays make me
miss home.
It is important because stay is temporary, and live is permanent Using them incorrectly can
confuse the meaning.
Mini Memory Tips
stay = временное пребывание (отпуск, поездка, визит).
live = постоянное место проживания.
stay with / at - короткий период; live in / with - навсегда.
Формулы: stay at/in/with..., live in/with....
Travel, Trip, or Journey?
Grammar Focus
Слова travel, trip и journey связаны с перемещением и поездками, но используются
по-разному.
1. Основное различие
Travel - глагол или существительное, означает процесс путешествия, перемещения
между городами или странами.
Trip - кратковременная поездка куда-то с определенной целью (в гости, на отдых,
в командировку).
Journey - более длинное путешествие, обычно с трудностями или значимым опытом,
подчеькивает сам процесс пути.
Проще запомнить:
travel = путешествовать / процесс путешествия.
trip = короткая поездка / цель.
journey = длинный путь / опыт.
2. Грамматические конструкции
TRAVEL
travel to / around / abroad
travel by plane I tram / car
like / love / enjoy traveling
Examples:
I love to travel around Europe in the summer.
- Я люблю путешеововаш по Европе лет ом.
She travels to London every year for work.
- Она ездит в Лондон каждый год по работе.
We traveled by train across the country.
- Мы путешествовали поездом по всей стране.
TRIP
go on a trip to somewhere
business tnp / school trip / short trip
take a trip
Examples:
I went on a school trip to the museum.
- Я ездил на школьную экскурсию в музей.
Му parents went on a business trip to New York,
- Мои родители ездили в командировку в Нью-Йорк.
We аге planning a short trip to the seaside.
- Мы планируем короткую поездку к морю.
JOURNEY
long / difficult / interesting journey
journey to / across / through somewhere
complete / start / enjoy a journey
Examples:
The journey across the desert was very challenging.
- Путешествие через пустыню было очень трудным.
Не enjoyed the journey to the mountains.
- Ему понравилось путешествие в горы.
Our journey to the island took ten hours.
- Наш путь на остров занял десять часов.
3 Полезные советы
travel = глагол или существительное., общий процесс поездок.
trip = короткая поездка с целью, часто <^go on a trip».
journey = длинный путь, подчеркивает сам процесс, впечатления или трудности.
Формула: travel to / go on a trip / enjoy a journey.
Story
Last summer, I traveled to Italy with my family. We wanted to see famous cities and explore
new places. During the trip, we visited Rome, Florence, and Venice. It was a short but exciting
trip, full of sightseeing and delicious food.
One day, we decided to take a train across the countryside. The journey was long and tiring,
but beautiful mountains and rivers made it unforgettable. I realized that journeys can teach
you patience and show new experiences, even if they are challenging.
After returning home, I shared stories about our trip with my friends. Traveling is always fun
because you meet new people, try new dishes, and see different cultures. I hope to travel
more next year, maybe on another journey through Europe.
Useful Words and Expressions
travel to / around / abroad - путешествовать в / но / за границу
trip - поездка
journey - пу1ешествие, путь
go on a trip - поехать в поездку
business trip / school trip - командировка / школьная экскурсия
sightseeing - осмотр достопримечательностей
countryside - сельская местность
mountains - горы
rivers - реки
unforgettable - незабываемый
challenging - трудный
try new dishes - пробовать новые блюда
explore new places - исследовать новые места
meet new people - встречать новых людей
different cultures - разные культуры
hope to travel - надеяться путешествовать
long / short trip - длинная / короткая поездка
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (travel /trip /journey)
I love to around the world.
Last week, we went on a short to the mountains.
The train across the desert took eight hours.
She often to Paris for work.
We planned a school to the museum.
Our to the island wastinng but exciting.
He enjoys by train.
Next summer, I want to go on a long through Europe.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I (travel / trip /journey) to Spam every year.
We went on a short (travel / trip / journey) last weekend.
The (travel / trip /journey) across the mountains was amazing.
She likes to (travel / trip / journey) by plane.
Our school (travel / trip / journey) was very educational.
The (travel / trip / journey) to the countryside took several hours.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever traveled to another city or country? Describe it.
Can you remember a short trip you enjoyed? Where was it?
Have you ever been on a long journey? How did it feel?
Do you prefer short trips or long journeys? Why?
Why is traveling important in your life?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
travel
trip
journey
travels
trip
journey
traveling
journey
Exercise 2
travel
trip
journey
travel
trip
journey
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I traveled to Moscow last summer. I visited Red Square and many museums.
I went on a short trip to the seaside with my family It was relaxing and fun.
Yes, I once went on a long tram journey across the country. It was tiring Out beautiful.
I prefer short trips because they are easy to plan and still fun,
Traveling is important because it teaches me about different cultures and new experiences.
Mini Memory Tips
travel = путешествовать (процесс, глагол или существительное).
trip = короткая поездка с целью.
journey =длинный путь, акцент на процессе или впечатлениях.
Формулы travel to / go on a trip / enjoy a journey.
Spend or Waste?
Grammar Focus
Глаголы spend и waste связаны с использованием времени, денег или ресурсов,
но имеют противоположное значение.
1. Основное различие
Spend - тратить время или деньги с пользой или на что-то конкретное.
Waste - тратить время или деньги зря, без пользы.
Проще запомнить:
spend = тратить с пользой.
waste = тра гить впустую.
2. Грамматические конструкции
SPEND
spend + nine / money / energy + on + noun / -mg
spend lime doing something
Examples:
I spent two hours doing my homework.
- Я nor pa iил два часа на выполнение домашней работы.
She spends a lot of money on books.
- Она тратит много денег на книги.
We spent the weekend visiting our grandparents.
- Мы провели выходные, навещая бабушку и дедушку.
WASTE
waste + time / money / energy + on + noun / -ing
don't waste + noun
Examples:
Don't waste your time watching TV all day.
- He трать еремя на просмотр телевизора весь день.
Не wasted a lot of money on unnecessary things.
- Oh HOTpaiHJi много денег на ненужные вещи.
We wasted energy trying to fix the old car.
- Мы погра1или силы, пытаясь починить оарую машину.
3. Полезные советы
spend = положительное или нейтральное использование ресурсов.
waste = отрицательное использование, бессмысленное.
После spend / waste часто используется on: spend time on reading / waste money on toys.
Запомните: если вы чему-то учитесь, делаете pa6oiy или отдыхаете с пользой - spend;
если без пользы - waste.
Story
Last Saturday, I spent the morning cleaning my room. I spent two hours organizing my
books and clothes. It felt good to use my lime productively.
In the afternoon, I noticed my little brother wasting his time playing video games for five
hours. I tried to tell him that he could spend that time reading or practicing a hoboy. He didn't
listen and continued wasting his time.
Later, we spent some time together cooking dinner. We prepared a new recipe, and it was
fun and useful. I realized that spending time wisely makes you feel satisfied, while wasting it
leads to regret.
At the end of the day, I spent some money on groceries for the family. I also reminded my
brother not to waste money on unnecessary snacks. Properly spending time and money is an
important haoit to develop,
Useful Words and Expressions
spend time - тратить время
spend money - тратить деньги
spend energy - тратить силы
waste time - тратить время зря
waste money-трагить деньги впустую
waste energy - трат ит ь силы зря
spend on - тратить на
waste on - тратить впустую на
organize books / clothes - разбирать книги / одежду
v deo games - видеои! ры
read a book - чита1ь книгу
practice a hobby - заниматься хобби
groceries - продукты
productive - продуктивный
regret - сожаление
properly spend - правильно тратить
habit - привычка
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (spend or waste)
I like to my free time reading interesting books.
Don't your money on things you don't need.
She two hours studying for the exam.
He all day watching TV and did nothing useful.
We the weekend visiting our grandparents.
Stop your energy on useless arguments.
I want to more time learning English,
They money buying unnecessary toys.
Exercise 2 Choose the correct answer
I (spent / wasted) an hour cleaning my room yesterday.
He (wasted / spent) a lot of money on clothes.
Don't (spend / waste) your time on silly games.
We (spent / wasted) the afternoon at the Dark.
She (wasted / spent) all her energy on unimportant tasks.
I (spend / waste) money carefully every month.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
How do you usually spend your free time?
Have you ever wasted time on something you regret? What was it?
How can you spend money wisely?
Do you think it is easy to avoid wasting time? Why or why not?
Give an example of a day when you spent it well.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
spend
waste
spent
wasted
spent
wasting
spend
wasted
Exercise 2
spent
wasted
waste
spent
wasted
spend
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I usually spend my free time reading books or listening to music.
Yes, I wasted time playing games yesterday instead of finishing my homework.
I can spend money wisely by buying only what I need and saving for important things.
It is sometimes difficult because distractions are everywhere, but planning my day helps.
Yesterday I spent my day studying, helping my parents, and reading a book. It was
productive.
Mini Memory Tips
spend = тратить с пользой (время, деньги, силы).
waste = тратить зря, без пользы.
Формула: spend/waste + time/money/energy + on....
Запомните: если польза ecib - spend, если Hei - waste
Fun or Funny?
Grammar Focus
Слова fun и funny оба связаны с радостью и смехом, но упофебляюгся по-разному.
1. Основное различие
fun - что-то приятное, интересное, доставляющее удовольствие.
funny - что-то смешное, вызывающее смех.
Проще запомнить:
fun = весело, интересно (ощущение, опыт).
funny = смешно (вызывает смех).
2. Грамматические конструкции
FUN
be fun - быть веселым, интересным
have fun - хорошо проводить время
fun activity / day / trip
Examples:
The party was really fun.
- Вечеринка была очень веселой.
I had fun playing football with my friends.
- Я весело провёл время, ш рая в фу1бол с друзьями.
This game is fun for everyone.
- Эта hi ра ин гересна для всех.
FUNNY
be funny - быть смешным
look / sound /seem funny
funny story / joke / video
Examples:
That joke was really funny.
- Эта шутка была очень смешной.
He is a funny person; he always makes us laugh.
- Он смешной человек; он всегда заставляет нас смеяться.
The video looked funny, so I showed it to my friends.
- Видео выглядело смешным, поэтому я показал ею друзьям.
3. Полезные coaeibi
fun = ощущение, эмоции, удовольствие.
funny = характеристика, качество, что-то смешное.
Если вы хотите сказать, что занятие приятно - fun.
Если вы хоги ге сказать, что что-то вызывает смех - funny.
Часто фразы; have fun / be fun / look funny / sound funny
Story
Last Saturday, I went to the amusement park with my friends. The day was full of fun. We
rode roller coasters, played games, and ate ice cream. I had so much fun that I didn't want
to go home.
During the trip, we watched a funny clown performance. He told jokes and did silly tricks
that made everyone laugh. I love watching funny videos and stones because they make me
happy.
At the end of the day, we talked about all the fun moments and the funny situations we saw.
I realized that having fun is about enjoying the moment, while funny things make us laugh
and share joy.
Sometimes, a simple fun activity can become funny if something unexpected happens. Both
fun and funny are important for a happy day.
Useful Words and Expressions
fun - весело, интересно
funny - смешно
have fun - хорошо проводить время
be fun - быть веселым
fun activity / day / trip - весёлое занятие/день / поездка
funny joke / story / video - смешная шутка / история / видео
amusement park - парк аттракционов
roller coaster - американские горки
play games - играть в игры
ice cream - мороженое
laugh - смеят ься
silly tricks - глупые трюки
enjoy the moment - наслаждаться моментом
share joy - делиться радостью
unexpected - неожиданный
happy day - счастливый день
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (fun or funny)
The party was really.
Thai clown is very.
I had so much at the picnic yesterday.
This joke is really, I can't stop laughing.
We played many games at the park.
The movie was not scary, but it was very.
I enjoy watching videos online.
Riding the roller coaster was so much.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
The magician’s tricks were (fun / funny).
I had (fun / funny) learning English with my friends,
That cat video is really (fun / funny).
We spent a (fun / funny) day at the beach.
He told a (fun / funny) story about his dog.
The lesson was boring, but we made it (fun / funny).
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Can you describe a fun day you had recently?
Have you ever seen something really funny? What was it?
Do you preferfun activities or funny stories? Wny?
How do fun and funny moments help you relax?
Can a fun activity become funny sometimes? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
fun
funny
fun
funny
fun
funny
funny
fun
Exercise 2
funny
fun
funny
fun
funny
fun
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I had a fun day at the amusement park. We rode roller coasters and ate ice cream.
Yes, I saw a funny video of a dog trying to catch its tail. It was hilarious.
I prefer fun activities because I enpy spending time actively, but funny stories are great too.
Fun and funny moments help me relax by making me happy and forgetting worries.
Yes, sometimes a fun game becomes funny if someone does something unexpected or silly.
Mini Memory Tips
fun = нрия гно, интересно, aece.no (опыт, эмоции).
funny = смешно, вызывает смех (характеристика, вещь).
Формулы: have fun / be fun / fun activity; funny joke / story / v<deo.
Excited or Exciting?
Grammar Focus
Слова excited и exciting связаны с волнением и интересом, но употребляются
по- разному.
1. Основное различие
excited - описывает чувство человека, когда он взволнован или рад,
exciting - описывает что-то, что вызывает это чувство у людей.
Проще запомнить:
excited = я чувствую себя взволнованным.
exciting = это событие/ситуация делает людей взволнованными.
2. Грамматические конструкции
EXCITED
be excited about + noun / -mg
get excited
feef excited
Examples:
I am excited about the school trip tomorrow.
- Я взволнован завтрашней школьной поездкой.
She fell excited when she saw the concert tickets.
- Она почувствовала волнение, когда увидела билеты на концерт.
The children got excited before opening the presents.
- Дети были взволнованы перед открытием подарков.
EXCITING
be exciting
find something exciting
exciting experience / activity I day
Examples:
The roller coaster ride was really exciting.
- Ka гание на американских горках было очень захват ываюшим.
I find this movie exciting because of all the adventures.
- Мне кажется sroi фильм захватывающим из-за всех приключений.
We had an exciting day at the amusement park.
- У нас был захватывающий день в парке аттракционов
3. Полезные советы
excited = эмоции человека. Обычно после i лаг ола be / feel I get.
exciting = описание события, вещи, ситуации.
Запомните формулу:
I am excited about...
It is exciting to...
Story
Last weekend, I was very excited because my friends invited me to go to the amusement
park. I had never been there before, so I felt nervous and excited at the same time.
The park was amazing! There were so many exciting ndes, including a huge roller coaster
and a water slide. Every ride was exciting, and I wanted to try them all.
During the day, we also watched an exciting magic show. Everyone clapped and laughed
because the magician did incredible tricks. By the evening, I felt happy and excited about all
the fun we had.
I realized that exciting activities make people feel excited. The more exciting the experience,
the more excited we become. It was a day full of excitement and joy that 1 will never forget.
Useful Words and Expressions
excited about - взволнован чем-то
feet excited - чувствовать волнение
get excited - быть взволнованным
exciting - захватывающий, интересный
exciting experience / activity / day - захватывающий опыт / занятие / день
roller coaster - американские горки
water slide - водная горка
magic show - шоу фокусника
incredible tricks - невероятные трюки
amusement park - парк аттракционов
fun - весело
jоу - радость
adventure - приключение
clapped and laughed - аплодировали и смеялись
nervous - нервный
happiness - счастье
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (excited or exciting)
I am really about my birthday party.
The movie was so that I couldn't look away.
She felt when she got the good news.
We had an trip to the mountains last summer.
The children were to meet the clown,
It is an experience to ride a hot air balloon.
I got before the school performance.
Thal new video game looks very.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I am (excited / exciting) about visiting London.
The concert was really (excited / exciting).
She looks (excited / exciting) because she is napoy.
We had an (excited / exciting) day at the park.
The kids were (excited / exciting) to see the fireworks.
The story is very (excited / exciting) and full of adventures.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
When were you last excited about something?
Can you describe an exciting experience you had recently?
Do exciting activities make you feel more motivated? How?
How do you usually get excited for a special event?
Can a small activity be exciting? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
excited
exciting
excited
exciting
excited
exciting
excited
exciting
Exercise 2
excited
exciting
excited
exciting
excited
exciting
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I was last excited when 1 received an invitation to a birthday party.
An exciting experience I had was visiting a theme park w,th roller coasters.
Yes, exciting activities motivate me to participate and enjoy more
I usually get excited Dy thinking about the event and preparing for it.
Yes, even a small activity like baking a new cake can be exc ting if it’s something new
and fun.
Mini Memory Tips
excited = человек взволнован (эмоции).
exciting = событие/ вещь /опыт захва!ывающий.
Формула: be/get/feel excited about...; It is exciting to... / exciting experience.
Bored or Boring?
Grammar Focus
Слова bored и boring связаны с скукой, но употребляются по разному.
1. Основное различие
bored - описывает чувство человека, koi да ему скучно.
boring - описывает что-то или koi о-то, что вызывает скуку.
Проще запомнить:
bored = я чувствую себя скучающим.
boring = это скучно, вызывает скуку.
2. Грамматические конструкции
BORED
be bored with / by + noun / -ing
feel bored
get bored
Examples:
I was bored during the long lecture,
- Мне было скучно на длинной лекции.
She feels bored when she has nothing to do.
- Ей скучно, когда нече1 о делать.
The children got bored waiting for the bus.
-Дети заскучали, ожидая автобус.
BORING
be boring
find something boring
boring activity / movie / book
Examples:
The lecture was very boring.
-Лекция была очень скучной.
I find this cook boring because nothing happens in it.
- Мне кажется эта книга скучной, потому что там ничего не происходит.
It was a boring day at home without friends.
- Эго был скучный день дома без друзей.
3. Полезные советы
bored = эмоция человека Обычно после глагола be / feel / get.
boring = характеристика описание предмета или события.
Формула:
I am bored with...
It is boring to.. / boring movie / book
Если вам скучно - bored, если вы описываете скучное занятие - boring.
Story
Yesterday, I was very bored at home. I had nothing to do, and all my friends were busy.
1 tried watching TV, but all the shows were boring. Even my favorite series felt boring that day.
Later, I decided to read a new book. At first, it seemed boring because the story was slow.
But after a while, it became interesting, and I was no longer bored.
In the evening, my parents invited me to play a board game. The game was exciting, and
1 felt happy instead of bored. I reaiized that boredom happens when nothing catches your
attention, and boring things make time feel long. Doing something fun or challenging can
help overcome boredom.
Useful Words and Expressions
bored with / by - скучающий из-за чего-то
feet bored - чувствовать скуку
get bored - заскучать
boring - скучный
boring activity / movie / book - скучное заня гие / фильм I книга
nothing to do - нечего делать
favorite series - любимый сериал
slow story - медленный сюжет
interesting - интересный
board game - настольная игра
exciting - захва1ывающий
attention - внимание
overcome boredom - преодолеть скуку
fun - весело
challenging - вызывающий интерес / сложный
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (bored or boring)
I was very during the long class.
This movie is so, 1 almost fell asleep.
She feels when she has nothing to do.
The lecture was extremely.
The children got waiting in line.
It is boring to watch the same show every day.
I am not because I am reading an exciting book.
Yesterday was a day without friends.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I am (bored / boring) at home today.
That teacher is really (bored / boring).
We were (bored / boring) during the long journey.
This game is not (bored / boring), it is fun.
The story was so (bored / boring) that I stopped reading.
She felt (bored / boring) while waiting for her friend.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
When was the last time you felt bored? What were you doing?
Can you describe something boring you experienced recently?
How do you usually overcome boredom?
Do you find school lessons sometimes boring? Which ones?
Can a boring day turn into a fun day? How?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
bored
boring
bored
boring
bored
boring
bored
boring
Exercise 2
bored
boring
bored
boring
boring
bored
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I felt bored yesterday while waiting for my brother to finish his homework.
I found the history lesson boring because the teacher only read the textbook.
I overcome boredom by reading a book, listening to music, or playing a game.
Yes, sometimes math lessons are boring, especially when we do only exercises without
explanations.
Yes, a boring day can become fun if I go outside, meet friends, or start a new activity.
Mini Memory Tips
bored = человек скучает (эмоция).
boring = что-то скучное (описание предмета или события)
Формулы: be/feel/get bored with..., boring activity / book / movie.
Interested or Interesting?
Grammar Focus
Слова interested и interesting связаны с вниманием и любопытством, но используются
по-разному.
1. основное различие
interested - описывает чувство человека, когда ему что-то интересно,
interesting - описывает что-то или кою-то, что вызывает интересу людей.
Проще запомнить:
interested = я заинтересован, мне интересно.
interesting =это интересно, привлекает внимание.
2. Грамматические конструкции
INTERESTED
be interested in + noun / -ing
get interested
feet interested
Examples:
I am interested in learning new languages.
- Мне интересно изучать новые языки.
She got interested in painting after visiting the museum.
- Она заиhiересовалась живописью после посещения музея.
Не feels interested in science because it explains how things work.
- Ему интересно наука, потому что она объясняет, как все работает.
INTERESTING
be interesting
find something interesting
interesting book / story / activity
Examples:
The museum was very interesting.
- Музей был очень интересным,
I find this book interesting because it has a surprising ending.
- Мне кажется зга книга интересной, потому что у неё неожиданный конец,
We had an interesting conversation about travel and culture.
- У нас был интересный paai овор о пу1ешествиях и культуре.
3. Полезные советы
interested = эмоции человека, чувство заинтересованности. Обычно после глагола be /
feel / get.
interesting = характеристика предмета, события, khhi и или человека.
Формула:
I am interested in...
It is interesting to... / interesting book/activity
Если вы хотите сказать, что вам что-то нравится или вызывает интерес - interested.
Если вы описываете предмет или ситуацию - interesting.
Story
Last weekend, I visited a science museum. 1 was very interested in all the exhibits. There
were robots, experiments, and displays about space. I felt interested because I love learning
new things.
Some exhibits were especially interesting. The planetarium show was so interesting that
I watched it twice. I also found the robot demonstration interesting because it showed how
technology is develop-ng.
During my visit, I met other students who were interested in science too. We talked about
our favorite experiments and shared interesting facts, By the end of the day, I felt happy and
more interested in learning about the universe.
I realized that interesting experiences make people feel interested. Visiting places that are
interesting helps us discover new ideas and enjoy learning.
Useful Words and Expressions
interested in - заижересован в / мне интересно
feel interested - чувствовать интерес
get interested - заин 1ересова1 ься
interesting - интересный
interesting book / story / activity - интересная книга / история / занятие
science museum - научный музей
robot - робот
experiment - эксперимент
display - экспонат, выставка
planetarium show - шоу в плане!арии
technology - технология
universe - вселенная
facts - факты
learning new things - изучение нового
conversation - разговор
share ideas - делиться идеями
love learning - любить учиться
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (interested or interesting)
I am really in history and art.
The movie was so that I watched it twice.
She felt after reading the science book.
We had an discussion about travel.
He is very in football and often watches games.
That exhibition was extremely
I got in painting after visiting the gallery.
The lecture about space was very.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I am (interested / interesting) in learning English.
The book was so (interested / interesting) that I couldn't put it down.
Sne looks (interested / interesting) because she enjoys the topic.
We had an (interested / interesting) conversation about music.
The students were (interested / interesting) in the science project.
The museum was very (interested / interesting).
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What topics are you most interested in?
Can you describe an interesting place you visited recently?
Do interesting books or movies make you feel more motivated to learn? How9
How do you usually get interested in a new activity?
Can a person be interesting? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
interested
interesting
interested
interesting
interested
interesting
interested
interesting
Exercise 2
interested
interesting
interested
interesting
interested
interesting
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I am most interested in history and science because I enjoy learning how things work.
I visited a botanical garden last week. It was interesting because there were many rare
plants and flowers.
Yes, interesting books and movies mobvate me because I want to understand the story or
topic better.
I usually get interested by trying a small part of the activity or learning about its benefits.
Yes, a person can be interesting if they have unique experiences or tell engaging stories.
Mini Memory Tips
interested = человек заинтересован (эмоция).
interesting = что-то интересное (описание предмета, собьп ия, человека).
Формулы, be/get/feel interested in..., interesting book / story / activity.
Afraid or Scared?
Grammar Focus
Слова afraid и scared оба описывают чувство страха, но используются немного
по-разному в английском.
1. Основное различие
afraid - более формальное, часто описывает общее чувство страха или тревоги.
scared - более разюворное, эмоциональное, сильное чувство страха в конкретной
ситуации.
Проще запомнить:
afraid = боюсь, обеспокоен (часто в более формальном конгексге).
scared = напуган, испуган (разговорный, эмоциональный).
2. Грамматические конструкции
AFRAID
be afraid of + noun / -mg
be afraid that + clause
feel afraid
Examples:
I am afraid of spiders.
- Я боюсь пауков.
She is afraid that she will fail the exam.
- Она бои тся, что провалит экзамен.
Don't be afraid to ask questions.
- He бойся задавать вопросы
SCARED
be scared of + noun / -ing
get scared
fee scared
Examples:
I was scared when I heard a strange noise at night.
- Я ncnyi алея, когда ночью услышал ci ранный звук.
Не feels scared during thunderstorms.
- Он пуг ается во время i розы.
The movie was so scary that the children got scared
- Фильм был такой страшный, что дети испугались.
3. Полезные coeeibi
afraid = более формальное, часто используется с of или that.
scared = разговорное, эмоциональное, сильный страх.
В повседневной речи чаще говорят scared.
Формула:
be afraid of.../ be afraid that...
be/get/feel scared of...
Story
Last night, I was alone at home and heard a strange noise outside. I felt scared at first
because it was very/ dark. The sound came closer, and my heart started beating faster.
After a while, I realized it was just the wind moving the branches. I wasn't scared anymore,
but I had been afraid of what I didn't know.
This morning, my younger brother told me he was afraid of thunderstorms. He feels scared
every time he hears thunder and sees lightning. I tried to explain that nothing bad would
happen, but sometimes fear is strong.
We both learned that being scared is a natural reaction to danger or uncertainty, while
being afraid can sometimes help us think carefully Understanding the difference helps us
handle fear better.
Useful Words and Expressions
afraid of - бояться чего-то
be afraid that - бояться, что...
feel afraid - чувствовать страх
scared of - испуган чем-то
get scared - испугаться
fee! scared - чувст вовать испуг
strange noise - странный звук
dark - темно
heart beating faster - сердце бьется быстрее
wind - ветер
brandies - ветки
thunderstorms - грозы
lightning - молния
reaction - реакция
danger - опасность
uncertainty - неопределенность
natural reaction - естественная реакция
explain - обьясня1ь
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (afraid or scared)
I am of dogs.
She felt when she saw a spider in her room.
He is that he will miss the tram.
The children got during the horror movie.
Don't be to speak in class.
I was really when the thunder started.
Are you of flying?
She felt walking alone at night.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I am (afraid / scared) of heights.
He got (afraid / scared) when the aoor suddenly closed.
She is (afraid i scared) that she might lose her wallet.
The movie was so scary that I was (afraid / scared) all the time.
Don't be (afraid / scared) to ask for help.
The dog growled, and the little boy felt (afraid / scared).
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What makes you feel afraid?
Can you remember a time when you were scared? What happened?
Do you think being afraid can be usetul sometimes? How?
How do you usually calm yourself when you feel scared?
Is there a difference between being afraid ano being scared in your experience? Explain.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
afraid
scared
afraid
scared
afraid
scared
afraid
scared
Exercise 2
afraid
scared
afraid
scared
afraid
scared
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I feel afraid when I have to speak in front of many people.
I was scared during a thunderstorm last night; the lightning and loud thunder
frightened me.
Yes, being afraid can help me avoid dangerous situations or think carefully before acting.
I usually take deep breaths and remind myself that everything is safe.
Yes, being scared feels more immediate and emotional, while being afraid can describe
genera! concerns or worries.
Mini Memory Tips
afraid = общее чувство страха, формальное, часто of / that.
scared = разюворное, эмоциональное, реакция на что-то конкретное.
Формулы: be afraid of... / be afraid that...; be/get/feel scared of....
Alone or Lonely?
Grammar Focus
Слова alone и lonely оба связаны с одиночеством, но имеют разное значения.
1. Основное различие
alone - описывает состояние, когда человекодни, без других людей.
lonely - описывает чувство человека, когда ему одиноко, грустно из-за отсутствия
общения.
Проще запомнить:
alone = физическое одиночество.
lonely = эмоциональное одиночество, чувство грусти.
2. Грамматические конструкции
ALONE
be alone
stay alone
spend time аюпе
Examples:
I like to be alone when I study.
- Мне нравится быть одному, когда я учусь.
She stayed alone at home while her parents were away.
- Она ооалась одна дома, пока родителей не было.
Не spent the afternoon alone in his room reading a book.
- Он провел день один в своей комнате, читая книг у.
LONELY
feel lonely
get lonely
lonely place / person
Examples:
I feel lonely when my friends are busy.
- Мне одиноко, koi да мои друзья заняты.
Не gels lonely living in a small town.
- Ему одиноко, живя в маленьком городе.
It was a lonely evening with no one to talk to.
- Эю был одинокий вечер, некому было noi оворить.
3. Полезные советы
alone = состояние, отсутствие других людей,
lonely = эмоция, грусть из-за одиночества.
Человек может быть alone, но не lonely, если ему нравится быть одному.
Формулы:
be alone / spend time alone
feel lonely / get lonely / lonely person
Story
Yesterday, I was alone at home because my parents went ю visit my grandparents. At first,
I enjoyed being alone. I read my favorite book, listened to music, and relaxed. Being alone was
peaceful, and I didn't feei lonely.
Later, I tried calling my friends, but they were busy. After a while, I started feeling lonely
because I wanted someone to talk to. I realized that being alone is not the same as being
lonely. Alone can be enjoyable, but loneliness comes when you miss company or friendship.
In the evening, my friend called me, and we talked for an hour. I was happy and no longer
felt lonely. I learned that it's okay to spend time alone, but connecting with others helps when
you feel lonely.
Useful Words and Expressions
alone - один, без других людей
stay alone - оставаться одному
spend time alone - проводить время одному
lonely - одинокий, чувствующий i русть
feel lonely - чувствовать себя одиноким
get lonely - становиться одиноким
lonely place I person - одинокое место / человек
enjoy being alone - наслаждаться одиночеством
peaceful - спокойный
relax - oiдыхать, расслабляйся
call a friend - позвони!ь дру|у
company - компания
friendship - дружба
favorite book - любимая книга
listen to music - слушать музыку
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (alone or lonely)
I like to be when I read.
He felt because his friends were not al home.
She stayed m her room all afternoon.
Sometimes, being is relaxing.
I get if I don't talk to anyone for a long time.
The cabin m the forest was quiet and.
Even though he was, he was not unhappy.
Spending time can help you think and plan.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I was (alone / lonely) yesterday because I wanted some peace.
She feels (alone / lonely) when she has no friends to talk to.
He stayed (alone / lonely) while waiting for his parents.
The boy looked (alone / lonely) s-tting -n the empty playground.
I enjoy being (alone / lonely) while reading my Favorite book.
Living far from family can make people feel (alone / lonely)
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Do you like being alone? Why or why not?
Can you remember a time when you felt lonely? What happened?
How can someone avoid feeling lonely?
Is it possible to be alone without feeling lonely? Give an example,
Do you prefer spending time alone or with friends? Why?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
alone
lonely
alone
alone
lonely
lonely
alone
alone
Exercise 2
alone
lonely
alone
lonely
alone
lonely
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I like being alone sometimes because it helps me relax and focus on my hobbies.
I felt lonely last weekend when all my friends were busy, and I had no one to talk to.
Someone can avoid feeling lonely by calling friends, joining activities, or talking to family.
Yes, I can be alone while reading or drawing and not feel ionely because I enjoy my own
company.
I prefer spending time with friends because I enjoy talking and laughing with them.
Mini Memory Tips
alone = физическое Одиночество (состояние).
lonely = чувство одиночества, i русгь.
Формулы: be alone / spend time alone, feel/get lonely! lonely person.
Problem or Trouble?
Grammar Focus
Слова problem и trouble оба связаны с трудностями, но унофебляюкя по-разному
в английском.
1. Основное различие
problem - конкретная задача или сложная ситуация, требующая решения.
trouble - более общее слово, описывает неприятности, сложности или проблемы, часто
эмоциональные или повседневные.
Проще запомнить:
problem = конкретная трудность или задача.
trouble = неприятности, сложности, беспокойство.
2. Грамматические конструкции
PROBLEM
have a problem
solve / deal with a problem
problem + noun
Examples:
I have a problem with my computer.
- У меня проблема с компьюгером.
She solved the math problem guickly.
- Она быстро решила задачу по математике.
There is a problem with the schedule.
- Есть проблема с расписанием.
TROUBLE
be in trouble
get into trouble
have trouble + -mg
Examples:
He is in trouble because he forgot his homework.
-Он j беде, потому что забыл домашнее задание,
I had trouble understanding the instructions.
- Мне было трудно понять инструкции.
Don't get into trouble at school
- He попадай в неприятности в школе.
3. Полезные советы
problem = конкретная задача или си гуация, которую нужно решить,
trouble = более широкое понятие: трудности, неприятности, сложности.
После have trouble часто используется -mg. have trouble finding the keys,
Формулы:
have a problem / solve a problem
be in trouble / get into trouble / have trouble -ing
Story
Yesterday, I had a problem with my computer. The screen was frozen, and I couldn't finish
my homework. I tried to solve the problem myself, but it was too difficult. Later, my father
helped me, and we fixed it together.
After that, my little brother got into trouble at school. He had forgotten to bring his
notebook and the teacher was upset. He felt worried because he didn’t want to get in more
trouble I told him not to worry; everyone can have problems or trouble sometimes.
In the evening, I had trouble finding my favorite book. It was under the bed, and I laughed
at how small troubles can make us feel frustrated. I realized that problems are specific issues,
while trouble can be any difficulty that causes stress or worry.
Useful Words and Expressions
problem - проблема, задача
have a problem - имеш проблему
solve a problem - решить проблему
deal with a problem - справиться с проблемой
problem + noun - проблема c...
trouble - неприятности, сложности, беда
be in trouble - быть в беде
get into trouble - попасть в неприятности
have trouble + -mg - испытывать трудности
forget homework - забыть домашнее задание
feei worried - чу вст вова i ь т ревог у
difficult - трудный
stressed / frustrated - расстроенный
find - найти
laugh - смеяться
help - noMOi ать
teacher - учитель
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (problem or trouble)
I have a with my computer.
He is in because he forgot his homework.
She solved the math easily.
Don't get into at school.
I had understanding the instructions.
There is a with the bus schedule.
My brother had finding his shoes.
We need to solve this quickly.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I have a (problem / trouble) with my phone.
He got into (problem / trouble) after being late (or class.
She has trouble / problem remembering names.
The teacher gave us a difficult (problem / trouble) to solve.
Don't get into (problem / trouble) with the law.
I had trouble / problem opening the door.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Can you describe a problem you faced recently? How did you solve it?
Have you ever gotten into trouble at school? What happened?
What is the difference between a problem and trouble in your experience?
How do you usually deal with small troubles in everyday life?
Can a small problem become a big trouble? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
problem
trouble
problem
trouble
trouble
problem
trouble
problem
Exercise 2
problem
trouble
trouble
problem
trouble
trouble
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I had a problem with my homework because I didn't understand the question. I solved it
by asking my teacher for help.
Yes, I got into trouble once for being late to class. The teacher asked me to stay after school.
A problem is a specific task or issue, while trouble can be any difficulty or unpleasant
situation.
I deal with small troubles by staying calm and thinking of a solution or asking for help
Yes, a small problem, like forgetting a book, can become a big trouble if it makes you miss
an important lesson.
Mini Memory Tips
problem = конкретная i рудное ть или задача.
trouble = неприятности или трудности, эмоциональные или бытовые
Формулы: have a problem / solve a problem; be in trouble / get into trouble / have trouble
-ing.
Big, Large, or Great?
Grammar Focus
Слова big, large и great все связаны с размером или значимостью, но используются
по-разному.
big - описывает физический размер или важность в разюворной речи. Это слово чаще
всего используется в повседневной жизни.
large - также означает большой размер, но более формальное и часто используется
в письменной речи Не подходит для выражения эмоций или впечатлений.
great - описывает качество, важность или впечатление. Значит «великий», «важный»,
«отличный» или «замечательный».
Проще запомни гь: big и large т оворят о размере, a great - о качест ве или значимост и.
1. Грамматические конструкции
BIG
big + существительное: big house, big problem, big surprise.
Examples;
I live in a big house.
- Я живу в большом доме.
We had a big problem al school yesterday.
- У нас была большая проблема в школе вчера.
It was a big surprise when my friends came to visit.
- Это был большой сюрприз, когда друзья пришли а гости.
LARGE
large + существительное, large room, large city, large amount.
Examples:
The museum has a large collection of paintings.
- В музее есть большая коллекция картин.
They live in a large city with many parks.
- Они живут в большом городе с множеством парков.
We need a large table for the party.
- Нам нужен большой стол для вечеринки.
GREAT
great + сущеетви 1 ельное: great idea, great person, great experience. Может также
означать «очень хороший».
Examples:
That was a great movie!
- Эю был отличный фильм!
She is a great student and works hard.
- Она отличная ученица и усердно учится.
It was a great experience to travel abroad.
- Эго был замечательный опыт - nyiешествоаать за i раницу.
2. Полезные советы
big = разговорное слово для размера.
large = формальное слово для размера, часто в письменной речи,
great = качество, значимость, впечатление.
Не используйте great для физических размеров.
Формулы:
big + noun
large + noun
great + noun / experience / idea
Story
Last summer, my family went on a trip to a big city. The streets were wide, and the buildings
were large. We stayed in a hotel with a large room and a big bed. which was very comfortable
During our visit, we saw a great museum with many interesting exhibitions. The art and
history displayed there left a great impression on me. I also visited a big park in the city,
where people played games and had picnics.
At night, we went to a great restaurant and tried delicious food. Everything about the trip
was memorable: the big streets, the large buildings, and the great experiences we had
together. I realized that big and large describe size, while great expresses quality, value, or
importance.
Useful Words and Expressions
big house / problem / surprise - большой дом / проблема / сюрприз
large room / city / amount / collection - большая комната / юрод / количество /
коллекция
great idea / movie / experience / person - отличная идея / фильм / опыт / человек
trip - поездка
streets - улицы
buildings - здания
hotel - гостиница
comfortable - удобный
museum - музей
exhibition - выставка
impression - впечатление
park - парк
play games - играть и игры
picnic - пикник
restaurant - реооран
delicious food - вкусная еда
memorable - запоминающийся
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (big, large, or great)
We visited a museum with many paintings.
I had a surprise when my friends came to my birthday.
They Itve in a house near the park.
It was a experience to travel abroad.
The city has many buildings and wide streets.
She gave a idea for our school project.
We had a picnic m the park yesterday.
The hotel room was very and comfortable.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I saw a (big / large / great) park near my school.
That was a (big / large / great) mistake.
We need a (big / large / great) amount of paper for the project.
She is a (big / large / great) student and helps everyone.
I had a (big I large / great) surprise at the party.
The museum has a (big / large / great) collection of ancient artifacts.
Exercise 3. Answer the guestions (2—3 sentences)
Can you describe a big building you have seen recently?
Have you ever had a great experience during a trip or holiday? What happened?
Do you prefer large rooms or small rooms? Why?
Can something big also be great? Give an example
What is a great idea you recently had or heard about?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
large
big
big
great
large
great
big
large
Exercise 2
big
great
large
great
big
large
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I saw a big shopping mail last month. It had many shops and restaurants
A great experience I had was visiting the beach with my family. We swam, played games,
and watched the sunset.
I prefer large rooms because they feel spacious and comfortable.
Yes, a big birthday party can also be a great experience if everyone emoys it.
A great idea I heard recently was organizing a school cleanup day to help the environment.
Mini Memory Tips
big = разговорное слово для размера.
large = формальное слово для размера.
great = качество, значимость, впечатление.
Формулы: big / large + noun, great + noun i experience / idea.
Small or Little?
Grammar Focus
Слова small и little оба переводяich как «маленький», но используются немн010
по-разному в английском.
small - чаще описывает физический размер предмета. Формальное, нейтральное
слово.
little - может описывав размер, но часто выражает дружелюбное или эмоциональное
отношение, заботу, симпатию.
Проще запомнить.
small = просто маленький (физический размер).
little = маленький, с оттенком эмоций, ласки или жалости.
1. Грамматические конструкции
SMALL
small + noun
small problem / room I city
Examples:
I live m a small apartment.
- Я живу в маленькой кваршре.
There is a small problem with the printer.
- С принтером небольшая проблема.
The dog is small but very friendly.
- Собака маленькая, но очень дружелюбная.
LITTLE
little + noun
a httle + noun / uncountable noun
sometimes used as adjective of affection
Examples:
She has a little brother who is very funny.
- У неё есть маленький братик, который очень смешной.
I have a httle time to help you.
- У меня есть немного времени, чтобы помочь тебе.
What a little cat! It looks so cute.
- Какой маленький котик! Он такой милый.
2. Полезные советы
small = нейтральное описание размера.
little - эмоциональное, дружелюбное или ласковое.
После a little часто используется с неисчисляемыми существительными: a little milk,
a little help.
Формулы:
small + noun
little + noun / a little + uncountable noun
Story
Last week, I visited a small village in the mountains. The houses were small but very cozy.
People there were friendly, and I enjoyed walking through the little streets. Each street had
little shops where locals sold fresh bread and handmade crafts.
I also met a little girl playing near her home. She smiled and waved at me, It was a small
gesture, but it made me feel very welcome. Later, I bought a little souvenir from one of the
shops. It was not expensive, but I liked it a lot.
During my stay, I realized that small places can have a lot of charm, and little things, like
smiles or small gifts, often make the biggest impressions. This trip taught me to notice and
appreciate small and little things in everyday life.
Useful Words and Expressions
small house / room / problem - маленький дом / комната / проблема
small village / city - маленькая деревня / город
little brother /sister / girl - младший брат / сестра / девочка
a little milk / help / time - немного молока / помощи / времени
cozy - уютный
friendly - дружелюбный
street - улица
shop - магазин
fresh bread - свежий хлеб
handmade crafts - поделки ручной работы
gesture - жест
souvenir - сувенир
charm - очарование
impression - впечатление
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (small or little)
I live in a apartment near the park.
She has a dog that follows her everywhere.
There is a problem with the computer.
I bought a gift Гог my friend.
He has a brother who is very cute
The village was very but charming.
I have a time to help you before the meeting.
That is a cat! It looks adorable.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I saw a (small / little) puppy in the garden.
There is a (small / little) mistake -n your homework.
She has (small / little) friends who live nearby.
We have a (small / little) problem with the car.
He gave me a (small / little) present Гог my birthday.
I spent a (small / little) time reading before class
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Can you describe a small place you visited recently?
Do you have a little brother or sister? What are they hke?
What small or little things make you happy in everyday life?
Do you prefer small cities or large cities? Wl iy?
Can a small gift be very meaningful? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
small
little
small
little
little
small
little
little
Exercise 2
little
small
little
small
little
little
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I visited a small park near my school. It had flowers, benches, and a small playground.
Yes, I have a little brother. He is very playful and likes drawing.
Small things like a smile from a friend or a little gift make me happy.
I prefer small cities because they are peaceful and easy to move around.
Yes, a small gift can be very meaningful. Last week, a friend gave me a little notebook, and it
reminded me of our friendship.
Mini Memory Tips
small = нейтральное слово для физического размера
little = эмоциональное, ласковое или дружелюбное.
Формулы: small + noun, little + noun / a little + uncountable noun
High or Tall?
Grammar Focus
Слова high и tall оба переводятся как «высокий», но используюгся по-разному
в английском.
tall - описывает ebicoiy человека, животною или предмета, который растет
вертикально.
high - описывает вертикальное положение или уровень чего-то, часто расстояние
от земли; используе1ся также с абстрактными понятиями.
Проще запомни ты
tall = рост, вертикальная длина.
high = высота от земли, уровень, высота в воздухе или абстрактные значения.
1. Грамматические конструкции
TALL
tall + noun
tall person / building / tree
Examples:
My brother is tall and plays basketball well.
- Мой брат высокий и хорошо играет в баске!бои.
The tall building is n the city center.
- Высокое здание находится в центре города.
That tree is very tall.
- To дерево очень высокое.
HIGH
high + noun
high mountain / level 7 temperature 7 wall
Examples:
The mountain is very high.
- Гора очень высокая.
The wall is high, so it is hard to climb.
- Стена высокая, поэтому её трудно перелезть.
The temperature is high today.
-Сеюдня температура высокая.
2. Полезные советы
tall = рост людей, животных, вертикальные предметы.
high = уровень, расстояние от земли, абстрактные понятия, высота гор, зданий или
воздуха.
Не используйie high для людей, если речь про роек юьорят tall person, а не high
person.
Формулы;
tall + noun (person / tree / building)
high + noun (mountain / wall / level / temperature)
Story
Last weekend, I visited a city I had never seen before. The city has many tall buildings. Some
of them are taller than the church in the center. 1 love seeing tail buildings because they make
the streets feel lively and modern.
Nearby, there is a high mountain with snow on top People like to hike there in summer. The
mountain is very high, so it is difficult to climb to the top m one day.
1 also noticed a high wall around the old museum. The wall protects the museum and makes
it look impressive. Later, I measured the temperature, and it was high for spring.
I realized that tall is usually used for people, trees, or buildings, while high is used for
mountains, walls, temperatures, or levels. Both words oescribe heght, but the context is
different.
Useful Words and Expressions
tall person / building / tree - высокий человек / здание / дерево
high mountain / wall / temperature / level - высокая i opa / стена / температура / уровень
city center - центр города
hike - поход, прогулка
snow - снег
climb - подниматься
streets - улицы
lively - оживлённый
modern - современный
measure - измерять
spring - весна
impressive - впечатляющий
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (tall or high)
My father is very.
The mountain is really and covered with snow.
There is a tree in our garden.
The wall around the castle is very.
Thal building is taller than the other buildings.
Today the temperature is quite.
She is a girl and plays volleyball.
We saw a tower from far away.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I saw a (tall / high) person at the bus stop.
The airplane is flying very (tall / high).
This (tall / high) mountain is famous in our country.
The basketball player is very (tall / high).
Tne wall around the museum is (tall / high).
The building is (tall / high) and looks modern.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Can you describe a tall building or person you know?
Have you ever climbed a high place like a mountain or tower? How was it?
Which is more interesting for you, tall buildings or high mountains? Why?
Do you prefer hvmq in a city with tall buildings or in a village wrth high mountains nearby?
Can something be both tall and high? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
tall
high
tall
high
tall
high
tall
high
Exercise 2
tall
high
high
tall
high
tall
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I know a tall basketball player in my school. He is very Fast and can jump high.
Yes, I climbed a high hill last summer. Il was tiring, but the view from the top was amazing.
I find high mountains more interesting because I love hiking and seeing nature.
I prefer living in a city with tall buildings because 1 like modern streets and cafes.
Yes, a tall building can also oe high if it reaches far above the ground. For example,
skyscrapers are both tall and high.
Mini Memory Tips
tall = рост людей, деревьев или вертикальных предметов.
high = высота от земли, уровень, температура, горы.
Формулы: tall + noun (person / tree / building), high + noun (mountain / wall / level /
temperature).
Exam or Test?
Grammar Focus
Слова exam и test оба связаны с проверкой знаний, но имеют разные оттенки
и употребление.
test - обычно короткая проверка знаний или навыков; может быть письменной, устной
или практической.
exam - более крупная, официальная проверка, часто включает несколько заданий или
частей и имеет более высокий вес в оценке.
Проще запомнить:
test = короткая проверка, упражнение.
exam = важный, официальный, большой экзамен.
1. Грамматические конструкции
TEST
ta ke a test
pass/fail a test
have a test
Examples;
We have a math test tomorrow.
- Baeipa у нас тест по ма1ема1ике.
I passed the English test easily.
- Я легко сдал тест по английскому.
Don't worry, the test is not very difficult.
- He волнуйся, тест не очень сложный.
EXAM
take an exam
pass/fail an exam
final exam / entrance exam / oral exam
Examples:
I have an important exam next week.
- У меня важный экзамен на следующей неделе.
She passed the final exam with excellent marks.
- Она сдала финальный экзамен на отлично.
The entrance exam for the university is very challenging.
- Вступительный экзамен в университет очень сложный.
2. Полезные советы
test = короткий, повседневный, школьный.
exam = важный, официальный, формальный.
После take/pass/fail можно использовать оба слова, take a test, take an exam.
Формулы;
take a test / exam
pass/fail a test / exam
final exam / entrance exam / oral exam
Story
Last month, 1 had a test in my English ciass. It was short, only ten questions, and I felt
confident. I studied a little in the evening before the test, and I passed it without problems.
Next week, however, I have an important exam al school. It is the final exam for the term.
1 have to prepare more carefully because the exam will include grammar, vocabulary, reading,
and writing tasks. My teacher said that passing the exam is important for our overall grade.
I also know that some students feel nervous before exams. To reduce stress, I plan
to review all my notes, practice past exams, and get a good night's sleep. Tests are easier and
less stressful, but exams require more preparation and attention After the exam, I hope I will
feel proud and relaxed.
Useful Words and Expressions
test-тес г, проверка знаний
take a test / exam - сдавать iecT / экзамен
pass / fail a test I exam - сдать / не сдать тест / экзамен
final exam - финальный экзамен
entrance exam - вступительный экзамен
oral exam - устный экзамен
study - учить, гоювиться
prepare - гоювиться
review notes - повторя ть записи
vocabulary - словарный запас
grammar - грамматика
reading - чтение
writing - письмо
confident - уверенный
nervous - нервный
stress - стресс
grade - оценка
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (test or exam)
I have a math tomorrow.
She passed the English easily.
Don't worry, the is not very difficult.
I have a final next week.
The university entrance is very challenging.
We will take a short science today.
He failed the history last term.
Preparing for an requires more time than for a test.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I have a (test / exam) m class tomorrow.
The final (test / exam) determines your grade for the semester.
She passed the (test / exam) and was very happy.
The (test / exam) was short and easy.
We have to take a (test / exam) in English next week.
An (exam / test) usually has several parts.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Do you prefer tests or exams? Why?
How do you usually prepare for a test?
How do you prepare for an important exam?
Can tests help you succeed in exams? How?
Have you ever failed a test or an exam? What did you learn?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
test
test
test
exam
exam
test
exam
exam
Exercise 2
test
exam
test
test
test
exam
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I prefer tests because they are shorter and less stressful tnart exams.
I prepare for a test by reviewing my notes and doing practice exercises.
Foran important exam, I study all topics, practice past papers, and get plenty of rest.
Yes, tests help me understand what I know ano what I need to study for exams.
Yes, 1 once failed a math test. I learned that I need to review more carefully and practice
regularly.
Mini Memory Tips
test = короткая проверка знаний, менее формальная.
exam = важная, официальная проверка, часто с несколькими частями.
Формулы take / pass / fail a test / exam, final / entrance / ora! exam.
Mark or Grade?
Grammar Focus
Слова mark и grade оба связаны с оценкой работы ученика, но используются
по разному.
mark - оценка за отдельное задание, тест или упражнение; чаще используется
в бри!анском английском.
grade - итоговая оценка за курс, предмет или экзамен; чаще используется
ь американском английском.
Проще запомнить:
mark = оценка за конкрет ную работу или задание.
grade = итог овая оценка, уровень успеха за период или курс.
1. Грамматические конструкции
MARK
get / receive a mark
good / bad mark
Examples:
I got a good mark for my homework.
- Я получил хорошую оценку за домашнее задание.
She received a low mark on the maTh test.
- Она получила низкую оценку за тест по математике
Don't worry if you didn't get a perfect mark.
- He волнуйся, если ты не получил идеальную оценку.
GRADE
get / receive a grade
final grade / course grade
Examples:
I got a hign grade in English this term.
- Я получил высокую оценку по английскому в этом семестре
The final grade for the course depends on tests and homework.
- Итоговая оценка за курс зависит от тестов и домашней работы.
Не was happy with his grade because he studied hard all year.
- Он был доволен своей оценкой, потому что весь год усердно учился.
2. Полезные coaeibi
mark = ощельная pa6oia, тест или задание; британский английский.
grade = итоговая оценка, семестр или курс; американский английский.
Формулы:
get / receive a mark
get / receive a grade
final grade / course grade / good mark
Story
Last week, I got a mark for my English essay. I was nervous because I spent a lot of time
writing it My teacher gave me a good mark, and I felt proud. Later, I checked my math test
marks, and some of them were lower than I expected. I realized I need to study more for
math.
At the end of the term, we received our grades for all subjects. My English grade was
excellent, thanks to my hard work. The final grade in math was also good, but I wanted it to be
higher. I understood that marks help us see progress in small tasks, while grades show overall
success in a subject.
My friend got a low mark on a test but improved her grades later in the semester. This
taught me that both marks and grades are important, but we can always improve with effort
and practice.
Useful Words and Expressions
mark - оценка за задание
get / receive a mark - получить оценку
good / low mark - хорошая / низкая оценка
grade - и toi овая оценка
final grade / course grade - итоговая оценка за курс
essay - сочинение
test - тес г
subject - предмет
term / semester - семест р
study - учиться, готовиться
homework - домашняя работа
proud - гордый
improve - улучшать
effort - усилие
practice - практика
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (mark or grace)
I got a high for my history essay.
She received a low on the math test.
Don't worry if your isn't perfect.
The final for the course depends on tests and homework.
He was happy with his English this semester.
I need to improve my math next term.
The teacher gave me a good for my homework.
My overall in science is very high.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I received a (mark / grade) for my homework.
My (mark / grade) in English is excellent this term.
Sne got a low (mark/grade) on the test but improved later.
Tne (mark / grade) oepends on assignments, tests, and participation.
I am proud of my (mark/ grade) in history.
Teachers usually write (marks / grades) on exams and essays.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Can you described mark you received recently? Was it high or low7
How do you feel when you get a good grade?
Do marks or grades motivate you more to study? Why?
Have you ever improved your grade after receiving a low mark? How?
What subject do you usually get the best marks or grades in? Why?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
mark
mark
mark
grade
grade
grade
mark
grade
Exercise 2
mark
grade
mark
grade
grade
marks
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I got a high mark on my English test. I was very happy because I studied a lot.
I feel proud and motivated when I get a good grade.
Grades motivate me more because they show my overall progress in a subject.
Yes, I 'improved my grade m math after getting a low mark on the first test. I studied harder
and asked my teacher for help.
I usually get the best marks in English because I enjoy reading and writing.
Mini Memory Tips
mark = оценка за отдельное задание, тест; британский английский.
grade = итоговая оценка за курс или семестр; американский английский.
Формулы, get / receive a mark, get / receive a grade, final grade / good mark.
Teach or Learn?
Grammar Focus
Слова teach и learn связаны с процессом обучения, но имеют противоположное
направление.
teach - обучать koi о-ю; человек, который объясняет или передаёт знания.
learn - учить или осваивать что-то самому; человек получает знания или навыки.
Проще запомнить:
teach = давать знания другим.
learn = получать знания самому.
1. Грамматические конструкции
TEACH
teach + someone + something
teach + subject
Examples:
My teacher teaches English at school.
- Мой учитель преподаёт английский в школе.
She Leaches me how to play the piano.
- Она учит меня иг рать на пианино.
I want to teach children math in the future.
- Я хочу преподавать детям математику в будущем.
LEARN
learn + something
learn how to + verb
Examples:
I am learning English at school.
- Я учу английский в школе.
Не learned how to nde a bike last year.
- Он научился ездить на велосипеде в прошлом году.
We want to learn more about history.
- Мы хотим узнать больше о истории.
2. Полезные советы
teach = объяснят ь друг им; кто-то получает знания от вас.
learn = осваивать самому; вы получаете знания или умения.
Формулы:
teach + someone + something
learn + something / learn how to + verb
Важно различать, кто даё! знания, а кто получает.
Story
Last week, I helped my younger cousin with English homework. I tried to teach him some
now words and grammar rules. It was fun to explain things clearly and see him understand.
I think leaching can be very rewarding because you help someone learn.
Al the same time, I am learning to play the guitar. I watch videos and practice every day.
I have already learned a few simple songs, but I want to learn more. Learning is exciting
because I can see my progress and improve little by little.
Sometimes, I teach my little sister how lo cook simpie meals. She enjoys learning, and
1 enjoy teaching her. I realized that teaching and learning are connected: when you teach, you
also learn more about the subject.
Useful Words and Expressions
teach - учить кого-то, преподавать
learn - учить, изучать
teach someone something - учить кого-то чему-то
learn how to + verb - научиться делать что-то
homework - домашнее задание
grammar rules - правила i рамматики
understand - понимать
practice - тренироваться, практикова гься
progress - прогресс
reward - награда удовольствие от работы
simple meals - простые блюда
younger cousin / sister - младший двоюродный брат / сестра
fun - весело
exciting - захва г ывающе
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (teach or learn)
My teacher English at school.
I want to how to play the piano.
She is trying to me new words.
We are about history this term.
I hope to children when I grow up.
He how to ride a bike last summer.
They new skills during the workshop.
I enjoy my little sister to cook.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I want to (teach / learn) Spanish next year.
My mother (teaches / learns) me to cook simple meals.
He is (teaching / learning) English online.
We (teach / learn) new grammar rules every day.
She (leaches / learns) how to draw pictures.
I enjoy (teaching / learning) new things every week.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Have you ever taught someone something? What was it?
What new skill are you learning now?
Do you prefer to teach or learn? Why?
How do you feel when someone teaches you well?
Can teaching help you learn more? How?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
teaches
learn
teaches
learning
teach
learned
learned
teaching
Exercise 2
learn
teaches
learning
learn
learns
learning
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
Yes, I taught my younger brother how to ride a bike. He was very happy when he learned.
I am learning to play the guitar. I practice every day to get better.
I prefer to learn because I enjoy discovering new things, but teaching is also fun.
I feel grateful and happy when someone teaches me well because it helps me understand
quickiy.
Yes, teaching helps you learn more because you need to explain things clearly and
understand the subject better.
Mini Memory Tips
teach = обучать кого-то, объяснять другим.
learn = осваивать самому, получать знания или навыки.
Формулы teach + someone + something, learn + someth ng / learn how to + verb.
Answer or Reply?
Grammar Focus
Слова answer и reply оба переводятся как «.отвечав», но имеют небольшие различия
в употреблении:
answer - дать ответ на вопрос, звонок, письмо или сообщение; акцент на самом ответе.
reply - реагировать на сообщение, письмо, комментарий или вопрос; акцент
на действии ответа, часто более формальное.
Проще запомнить:
answer = сам ответ или решение вопроса.
reply = действие ответа, обычно на сообщение или письмо.
1. Грамматические конструкции
ANSWER
answer + question / phone / email
give / provide / receive an answer
Examples:
I answered the teacher's question correctly.
- Я правильно ответил на вопрос учителя.
She answered the phone quickly.
- Она быстро ответила на звонок.
Please answer the email as soon as possible.
- Пожалуйста, ответьте на письмо как можно скорее.
REPLY
reply + to + message / email / comment / question
reply formally / quickly / politely
Examples:
He replied to my message yesterday.
- Он ответил на мое сообщение вчера.
I didn't reply to the comment because 1 was busy.
- Я не ответил на комментарий, потому что был занят.
Please reply to the invitation by Friday.
- Пожалуйста, ответьте на приглашение до пятницы.
2. Полезные советы
answer - акцент на самом ответе (вопрос, звонок, письмо).
reply = акцент на действии ответа, часто на сообщения и письма.
Формулы:
answer + question / pnone / email
reply to + message / email / comment / question
В разговорной речи их часю используют взаимозаменяемо, но reply звучит немною
формальнее.
Story
Yesterday, I received a message from my friend asking about our homework. I answered
the questions he had in the message. Later, Lie replied to my answers with more questions.
During class, the teacher asked me a difficult question. I answered it carefully, explaining all
the details. After class, I received an email from the teacher asking for clarification on my
project. I quickly replied to the email, giving all the necessary information.
I realized that answer is used when you respond directly to a question, phone call, or task,
while reply is often used for messages, emails, or formal communications. Both are important
in everyday communication, and knowing the difference helps you sound more precise.
Useful Words and Expressions
answer - отвечать на вопрос, звонок, письмо
answer a question / phone / email - отвечать на вопрос / звонок / писомо
give / provide / receive an answer-дать/ получить oibot
reply - отвечать на сообщение, письмо, комментарий
reply to + message / email / comment / question - отвечать на сообщение / письмо /
комментарий / вопрос
formally / quickly / politely - формально / быстро / вежливо
teacher - учитель
friend - друг
class - урок
project - проект
message - сообщение
email - электронная почта
question - вопрос
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (answer or reply)
I quickly the teacher's question.
Please to my email by tomorrow.
She didn't to the comment.
He the phone immediately.
1 will all your questions during the meeting.
Did you to the invitation yet?
We answered all the exam questions correctly.
He replied to my message after school.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I need to (answer / reply) the teacher’s question.
Please (answer / reply) to my email as soon as possible.
She (answered / replied) quickly during class.
He (answered / replied) to my comment on social media.
Did you (answer / reply) the phone?
I didn’t (answer / reply) to the invitation because 1 was busy.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
When did you last answer a question correctly? What was it about?
Have you ever replied to an important email? How did you do it?
Do you prefer to answer in person or reply by message? Why?
Can you give an example when answering and replying are different?
How do you feel when someone does not reply to your message?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
answered
reply
reply
answered
answer
reply
answered
replied
Exercise 2
answer
reply
answered
replied
answer
reply
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I last answered a question in English class about past tenses. 1 explained all the rules
correctly.
Yes, I replied to my teacher's email about homework. 1 wrote politely and included all the
information.
I prefer to answer in person because it is faster and easier to explain.
Answering a teacher's question in class is an example of answer, while replying
to a classmate's email is reply.
I feel a little annoyed or worried when someone does not reply to my message because
1 want a response.
Mini Memory Tips
answer = давать ответ на вопрос, звонок, письмо; акцент на oieeie.
reply = реагировать на сообщение или письмо; акцент на действии ответа, чаще
формальное.
Формулы: answer + question / phone / email, repiy to + message / email / comment /
question.
Ask or Wonder?
Grammar Focus
Слова ask и wonder оба связаны с вопросами, но имеют разные значения
и употребление.
ask - спрашивать koi о-то напрямую, получать информацию через boi ipoc.
wonder - ижересоваться, размышлять или хотеть знать чю-то, часто без прямою
обращения к человеку.
Проще запомнить:
ask = задавать вопрос кому-то.
wonder = размышлять, интересоваться чем-то, задавать вопрос себе в уме.
1. Грамматические конструкции
ASK
ask + someone + question / for something
ask + if / whether / about + noun / verb
Examples:
I asked my teacher a question about grammar.
- Я задал вопрос учителю о i рамматике.
She asked me if I could help her.
- Она спросила меня, могу ли я ей помочь.
Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it.
- He бойся попросить помощи, когда она нужна.
WONDER
wonder + about / if / whether / how / why
often used in present or past tense
Examples:
I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.
- HHiepecHO, будет ли завтра дождь.
She wondered why he was late
- Ей было интересно, почему он опоздал.
I often wonder about life in other countries.
- Я часто задумываюсь о жизни в других странах.
2. Полезные советы
ask = прямой вопрос к человеку.
wonder= размышление или интерес к чему-то; необязательно спрашивать кого-то.
Формулы;
ask + someone + question / for something / if /whether / about
wonder + if / whether / why / how / about
В разюворной речи wonder часто используется, чтобы mhiko выразить вопрос:
I wonder if...
Story
Yesterday, I asked my friend about the new homework. She explained it clearly, and
I understood everything. Later, I asked the teacher if we could submit our projects next week
instead of today. The teacher said it was possible, and I was happy.
While walking home, I wondered about my upcoming English exam. I wondered if it would
be difficult and how I should prepare. I also wondered why some students study more than
others and still get lower grades. Thinking about these questions helped me plan my study
time better.
I realized that asking questions helps me get clear answers, while wondering helps me think
and explore ideas. Both are useful in learning and understanding the world.
Useful Words and Expressions
ask - спрашивать, задавать вопрос
ask someone a question / ask for help / ask if - задавать вопрос кому-то / просить
о помощи / спрашивать, если...
wonder - интересоваться, размышлять
wonder if / whether 7 why / how / about - интересно ли / почему / как / о чём-то
teacher - учитель
friend -друг
homework - домашнее задание
project - проект
explain - обьяснягь
understand - понимать
study - учиться, готовиться
plan - планировать
prepare - готовиться
students - с гуденты
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (ask or wonder)
I my friend about the homework.
She asked me if I could help her. I didn't.
I often what people do on weekends.
Don't hesitate to for help.
I why my teacher was late
We can the librarian about the books we need.
He asked if he could borrow my notes.
I wondered how to solve the difficult problem.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I want to (ask / wonder) my teacher a question about the lesson.
I (ask / wonder) if it will snow tomorrow.
She (asked / wondered) why he didn’t come to class.
Don't be afraid to (ask / wonder) for help.
I often (ask / wonder) what life will be like in the fului e.
He (asked / wondered) his friend to explain the new rule.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
When did you last ask someone a question? What was it about?
What do you often wonder about at school or home?
Do you prefer to ask questions or wonder by yourself? Why?
Have you ever wondered about something and then asked someone to check? What was it?
How does wondering help you n learning?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
asked
wonder
wonder
ask
wondered
ask
asked
wondered
Exercise 2
ask
wonder
wondered
ask
wonder
asked
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I last asked my teacher a question about grammar rules. She explained everything clearly.
I often wonder how to solve difficult math problems or how to improve my English.
T prefer to ask questions because I get clear answers, but sometimes I like to wonder
by myself first.
Yes, I wondered about a homework task and then asked my friend to check if I did it
correctly.
Wondering helps me think deeply, make plans, ano understand topics better before asking
for help.
Mini Memory Tips
ask = задавать вопрос кому-то, получать ответ напрямую,
wonder = размышлять, интересоваться чем-то; не обязательно спрашивать.
Формулы: ask + someone + question / if / for something, wonder + if / whether / why / how
/ about.
Career or Profession?
Grammar Focus
Слова career и profession связаны с рэботой и занятостью, но имеют разные оттенки.
career - вся трудовая деятельность человека, путь развития, включающий разные
должное 1 и и опыт.
profession - специализация или род деятельности, обычно требует образования или
квалификации.
Проще запомнить:
career = путь рабО1ы, развитие, опыт в разных сферах.
profession = конкретная специальность, требующая навыков и знаний.
1. Грамматические конструкции
CAREER
have / build / start a career
successful / long / promising career
Examples:
I want to build a career in medicine,
- Я хочу построить карьеру в медицине.
She has had a successful career as a teacher.
- У неё успешная карьера учителя.
Many students think about their future careers at school.
- Mhoi ие ученики думают о своей будущей карьере а школе.
PROFESSION
work in a profession
chosen / respected / skilled profession
Examples:
Teaching is a respected profession.
- Преподавание - уважаемая профессия.
He works in the medical profession as a doctor.
- Он работает в медицинской профессии как врач.
Choosing a profession isan important decision.
- Выбор профессии - важное решение.
2. Полезные советы
career = путь и развитие, включает разные профессии или должности.
profession = конкретная специальность с навыками и образованием.
Формулы:
build / have / start a career in...
work in a profession / choose a profession
Story
My sister is thinking about her future career. She wants to build a career in technology, so
she studies computer science at university. She hopes to start as a junior programmer and
gradually develop her career into a manager position.
Her chosen profession is software engineering. It requires knowledge of programming
languages, problem-solving skills, and creativity. She knows that her profession will help her
have a successful career if she works hard and gains experience.
I also think about my career. I want to work in education, so my profession will be teaching.
Teaching is a respected profession, and it allows me to help others learn and grow.
Understanding the difference between a career and a profession helps me plan my future
better.
Useful Words and Expressions
career - карьера, путь развития
build / start / have a career - строи ть / начинать / иметь карьеру
successful / promising / long career - успешная / перспективная / долгая карьера
profession - профессия, специальность
work in a profession - работать в профессии
respected / skilled / chosen profession - уважаемая / квалифицированная / выбранная
профессия
teacher - учитель
doctor - врач
software engineer - программист
technology - технологии
university - университет
knowledge - знания
skills - навыки
experience - опыт
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (career or profession)
She wants to build a m medicine.
Teaching is a respected.
I hope to have a successful in technology.
Choosing a is an important decision.
He works in the medical as a doctor.
Many students think about their future at school.
My chosen allows me to help others learn.
Sne started her as a junior programmer last year.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I want to have a long (career / profession) m education.
Law is a respected (career / profession),
She is building her (career / profession) m finance.
Choosing a (career / profession) is difficult for many students.
My father works in the teaching (career / profession).
Technology offers many opportunities for a successful (career / profession).
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What career do you want to build in the future? Why?
What profession are you interested in?
How can a profession help you have a successful career?
Do you think students should think about careers at school? Why?
Can someone have a career in more than one profession? Give an example.
Answer Key
Exercise 1
career
profession
career
profession
profession
careers
profession
career
Exercise 2
career
profession
career
profession
profession
career
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I want to build a career in medicine because I enjoy helping people and solving problems.
I am interested in the teaching profession because I like working with children.
A profession gives you knowledge and skills, which help you succeed in your career.
Yes, students should think about careers at school to plan their future and make informed
choices.
Yes, someone can have a career in more than one profession. For example, a person can be
a teacher and later become a writer.
Mim Memory Tips
career = путь работы, опыт, развитие в разных сферах.
profession = конкретная специальность, требующая навыков и образования.
Формулы, build / have / start a career in ..., work in / choose a professfon.
Advice or Advise?
Grammar Focus
Слова advice и advise похожи, но имеют разные част и речи и значение:
advice - существительное, означает «совет»; что вы даете или получаете.
advise - глагол, означает «советовать»; действие, когда вы даёте совет.
Проще запомнить:
advice = сущее! вительное a piece of advice, your advice
advise = глагол I advise you, she advised me
1. Грамматические конструкции
ADVICE
give / offer / follow advice
a good / useful / important advce
Examples:
My teacher gave me good advice about studying English.
- Мой учитель дал мне хороший совет по изучению английско! о.
She always listens to her parents’ advice.
- Она всегда прислушивается к советам родителей.
Its important to follow the advice of experienced people.
- Важно следовать сове>ам опытных людей.
ADVISE
advise + ori / about + noun ! situavon
Examples:
I advise you to study a little every day.
- Я советую тебе учиться немного каждый день.
The doctor advised him to rest more.
- Врач посоветовал ему больше отдыхать
Can you advise me on wh ch book to choose?
- Можешь посоветовать мне, какую книгу выбрать?
2. Полезные coeeibi
advice = существительное используйте после give, get, follow, listen to.
advise = г лаг ол используйте с someone + to do something или on / about something.
Bei ко запомнить по первой букве: advice advice is a thing (noun), advise advise is
action (verb).
Story
Last week, 1 asked my older brother for advice about preparing for exams. He gave me very
useful advice, study a little every day, review your notes, and practice past papers. I followed
his advice, and it helped me feel more confident.
Later, my teacher advised me to join a study group. She sa d it would improve my
understanding of difficult topics. I took her advice and started studying with classmates. It was
helpful because we could ask each other questions and explain difficult points.
I realized that advice is something valuable you receive, while to advise is the action
of giving guidance. Both are important in learning and everyday life.
Useful Words and Expressions
advice - совет (noun)
give / offer/follow advice - давать / предлагать /следовать совету
good / useful / important advice - хороший / полезный / важный совет
advise - совеювать (verb)
advise someone to + verb - советовать кому-то сделать что-то
advise on / about something - советовать по поводу чего-либо
teacher - учи i ель
older brother - старший брат
study - учиться
exam - экзамен
review notes - повторять записи
practice past papers - делать прошлые задания / тесты
understand - понимать
classmates - одноклассники
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (aavice or advise)
My teacher gave me good about studying English.
I always listen to my parents'.
She advised me to go to bed early.
Can you me on which book to choose?
It's important to follow the teacher's.
I advise you to practice every day.
He gave me useful for learning new words.
The doctor advised him to rest more.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I need some (advice / advise) about my homework.
She (advised / advice) me to read the book carefully
Follow your teacher’s (advice / advise) to succeed
Can you (advise I advice) me on how to improve my English?
He gave good (advice / advise) about exam preparation.
I (advised / advice) my friend to join the study group.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
Who usually gives you advice at school or home?
Have you ever followed good advice? What happened?
Can you advise a friend on how to study effectively?
What kind of advice do you find most useful?
Why is it important to listen to advice from experienced people?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
advice
advice
advised
advise
advice
advice
advised
Exercise 2
advice
advised
advice
advise
advice
advised
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
My parents usually give me advice at home. They help me make decisions.
Yes, I followed my teacher's advice to review notes daily. It helped me get better marks.
I can advise a friend to study a little every day and practice exercises regularly.
I find advice about time management most useful because it helps me organize my day.
It's important to listen to advice from experienced people Decause they know more and can
guide you wisely.
Mini Memory Tips
advice = существительное совет (thing).
advise = глагол советовать (action).
Формулы: give / get / follow advice, advise someone to do something, advise on / about
something.
News or Information?
Grammar Focus
Слова news и information связаны с передачей знаний, но используются по-разному:
news - новости, свежие события или события, о которых сообщают людям; всегда
неисчисляемое существительное.
information - информация, данные или факты о чем либо; может быть как общими, так
и специфическими сведениями.
Проще запомнить:
news = свежие события, что произошло.
information = факты, данные, сведения, не обязательно свежие
1. Грамматические конструкции
NEWS
hear / get / receive news
good / bad / important news
Examples:
I heard some good news today.
- Сегодня я услышал хорошие новости.
She always watches the news on TV in the morning.
- Онавсе1да смотрит hoboci и по телевизору утром.
I have some important news to tell you.
- У меня есть важные новости для тебя.
INFORMATION
get / receive / collect information
useful / detailed / accurate information
Examples:
1 need more information about the school schedule.
- Мне нужно больше информации о расписании школы.
The teacher gave us useful information for our project.
- Учитель дал нам полезную информацию для проекта.
You can find detailed information on the internet.
- Подробную информацию можно найти в интернете.
2. Полезные сове1ы
news = Bcei да свежие события, эмоции или важные события; неисчисляемое.
information = факты или сведения о чем-либо; можно использовать как обобщенно, так
и для конкре1ной 1емы.
Формулы:
hear / gel / receive news
get / collect / receive information
Story
Yesterday, I watched the news on TV. There was some exciting news about a new science
exhibition in our city. I told my classmates about this news, and they were also interested.
Later, our teacher gave us some information about the exhibition: the dates, location, and the
schedule of events.
I realized that news tells us about recent events, while information provides facts that help
us understand or prepare. During the week, I coliected more information about the exhibition
online I read about the exhibits, the artists, and the history behind them. This information
helped me plan my visit.
Shanng news with friends is fun because it's about something new or surprising. Collecting
information is useful for learning and making decisions. Both are important in everyday life
and help us stay informed and prepared.
Useful Words and Expressions
news - новости
good / bad / important news - хорошие / плохие / важные новости
hear I get / receive news - слышать / получать новости
information - информация, сведения
get / receive / collect information - получать / собирать инфоомацию
useful / detailed / accurate information - полезная / подробная / точная информация
exhibition - выставка
schedule - расписание
teacher - учитель
classmates - одноклассники
city -1 ород
prepare - готовиться
learn - учиться
event - событие
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks (news or information)
I heard some exciting today.
The teacher gave us useful for the project.
She always watches the on TV in the evening.
I need more about the school trip.
He shared the latest about the football match.
We collected detailed about the science exhibition.
Do you have any good to tell me?
You can find information on the website.
Exercise 2. Choose the correct answer
I received some (news / information) about the upcoming exam.
There is an interesting (news / information) on TV tonight.
The teacher gave us detailed (news / information) for the project.
Did you hear the latest (news / information) about the weather?
We need more (news / information) before making a decision.
He shared the good (news / information) with his friends
Exercise 3. Answer the questions (2—3 sentences)
What news d-d you hear recently?
How do you usually get information about school events?
Do you prefer reading news online or watching it on TV? Why?
Can information be more useful than news? When?
Have you ever shared news with your friends9 What was it?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
news
information
news
information
news
information
news
information
Exercise 2
information
news
information
news
information
news
Exercise 3 - Sample Answers
I recently heard news about a new Iibrary opening in our city.
I usually get information about school events from the nonce board or emails from
teachers.
I prefer reading news online because ] can choose topics I like and read at my own pace.
Yes, information can oe more useful than news when you need facts or details to complete
a project.
Yes, I shared news with my friends about a new science exhibition. They were excited
to visit it.
Mini Memory Tips
news = свежие собьния, всегда неисчисляемое; hear / get / receive news.
information = сведения, факты; get / receive / collect information,
news = эмоции и события; information = факты и детали.