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CTep>KHeU npH 9TOM AOn>KeH 6bITb He MeHee 10 MM.
i(oHTaKTHYIO CB3pI<Y CTep>KHeH AHaMeTpOtvl MeHee 10 MM nonycK'aeT-
Cst npHMeHH1'b TOnbI{O B 3aB0J1CKHX YCJlOBHHX npH HaJIHqHH Cnel{Hanl
Horo
0()OpYJlOB8HHH. ' ,
2.8. OpH OTCYTCTBHH 060PYJlOBaHHB .n.JIH I{OHT8KTHOii CB8pKH ;llony....
CKaeTCII npHMeHHTb JJ.yroBYIO cBapKY B cne.n.YlOmHx CJIYtf8HX
a)- AnSI coeAHHeHHH no AnHHe 3arOTOBOK apMaTypH
blX 'CTepmHeD H3
rUpHQeK8TaHblx CTalleH JlHaMeTpoM 8 MM H 60JIee;
6) npH BhlfiOJIH'eHHH cBapHblx COeJlHHeHHH C 1i0pMHpyeMoii npOltHo"
CTblO B ceTKax H K8pKacax C npHHY.DJ1TenbHblM c}>OpMHpoBaHHeM
Ba, B'
HHBellTapHoii .popMe HnH C 06S138TMbHblMH JlonOnHHTenbHbIMH I{OHCTPYK-
THBHblMH 3JleMelITaMH B MecT8X cOeAUHel-iuH CTep>KUen npo.nonbHoA H no..
nepeQHoii 8PM8Typbl (KOCbIHKH , JlanKH, KPIOI{H H T. n.); , ·
B) "PH BbInonHeHHH KpeCToo()p83HblX COeJlHHeHHA CTep>KHeH 6e3 AO-
nOJlHRTeJ1bHblX KOHCTPYKTHBHbIX SJJeMeHTOB (KOCblIlOK, JlanOK , KpIOKOB-
H T. n.) TOJIbKO .nnH coeAHHeHHU C HeHopMupyeMoH npO[IHOCTblO (HMero.
lLlHX MOHTa>KHoe 3H8qeHHe). -
2.9. npH KOHCTpYHpoBaHHu 3pMaTypHbIx H3AeJIHD U saI{naAHbIX Ae-
T8neA cne.nyeT cTpeMHTbCSI" K cOKpamellHIO qHCJla UK THnopa3MepOB KaK
B npe.n.eJlax >KeJJe30()eTOHHoro 3neMeHT8. TaK H B npeAeJlax pflAa >Ke.ne
306eTOHHbIX KOHCTPYK1J.HA.
.2.10. npHMeHeHHe BH3aHoA apMa,TypbI AonycKaeTcB npH OTCYTCTBHH
o6oPYAoBaHHH .nnH KOHTaKTHoH TOtIellHOA CBapI{H , 8 T8-K>Ke AnH 9J1e-
MeHTOB MOHbnHTHbIX KOHCTPYKUHH cnO>KHO'A KOH
Hryp81{HH, ,nnH nnHT C
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OpM, npH HeBOSMO>KHOCTH MHorOKp8THO HCnOJIb30BaTb A8HHYIO MapKY
8PM8TypHoro H3AeJlHH JlnH npH H3J1H'lIfH cneu.H8JIbHblX Tpe60B8HHH, CBH';
sa HflblX C ycnoBHflMR J13rOTOBJJeHHfI, 3KCnJIY3T8II.HH " Ap.
2.11.. ApMaTypHble I{8PI{8CbI peKoMeHJJ.yeTcH I{OHCTpYHpoBaTb Ila Becb
)f{eJle306eToHHbIH 9JIeMeIlT HJlM Ha ero qaCTb.
OT)J.EnbHbIE APMATYPHblE CTEP)I(HH
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nJIIOTCH H3 apM3TypbI, copTaMeHT I{OTOPOH npHBeJI.eH B npHn. 5 H 6.
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CSI nlO6oH t TaK K8K AnH peanH3al{HH oTpe3KoB, nOJ1Y[IalO1l(HXCfl npH 3a-
I'OTOBI{e CTep>KHeH t HX coe.nHHHIOT KOHTaK1'HoH CTbII{OBOii CB3pKOH C
enl
ro nOCJ1eAYIOl1(eH 6e30TXoJI.HOH pa3pe3I{H. npll COCT3BJIeHHI1 c
eu.lf-
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H np.
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aTypHble
rep>l
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eJUnoT"
CH COOTseTCTBeliHO no C,JIeiI.)llOllI.HM «I>opMYJIaM:
1 1 = 2 (h x + b x + L\x + 15d); (1)
1 2 = 2 (h x + b x + Ax); (2)
1'J = 2 (h x + Ax ) + b x ; (3)
14=2 (V h
+b
+6J: (4)
15 = b x + 2 Ax; (5)
16 = Vh
+
+ 26x: (6)
B CTep>l{IIHX 4 H 6 c'fopona C COCTaBJUleT: c=O,5V b 2 + h 2 ;
x x
1 1 = a + b + 2L\1\; (7)
'i. = a + b + Lo.n + 2L\1\; (7*)
18 = a + b l + b l + 51 -I-
; (8)
Is. = a + b 1 + b"}. + cl + c 2 + 41 0 .1-1; (8*)
19 = 3, 14 Dt( + In + 2At(e (9)
3neMeHTbi npHMoro oTfH6a (cTep>KeHb 7*) COCT3BnHIOT:
"PI"
R=5d: 10.n=8,35d. t o . n =6dj
npll
R = lOd: 1 0 . 0 = 16,21d, t o . o = lid;
Ilplf
R =- 15d: lo.n = 24,IOd, t o . a = 1&1.
3JleMellTbl HaK..'IOHHOrO OTfH6a (cTep)KeHb 8*) COCrraBJUIIOT:
nplt
t
R = IOd%
a = 30° 1 0 .1:1 = 5,24d, t o . H = 2,68d;
a = 45° L O . B = 7,85d, 10.H = 4, 14d;
a = 60(, 10.H = 10,47d, t o . u = 5, 77d;
npH
J? = 15d:
a = 30° lo.a = 7,86d, lo.n = 4,02d;
a = 45° 10.ti = 11» 78d, t o . 8 = 6,2Jd;
a = 60° lo.a = 15 t 70d, t o . H = 8,65d.
8
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- Konb 4
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9
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nH"8 H8KnOHHOrO YQ8CTK3 CTep
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ex.
30°: f = 1 t 73 h OTrt
=.2h oTr ;
a =45°: f=h oTr , s=I.41h oTf ';
a = 60°: f = O,58h oTr , S = I, 151l oTrt
a npH d
20 COCT3nJUnOT:
a = 3()0: f = 1 t 73 (h oTr - d); c = 2 (hoT!" - d) - 2t O . II :
a = 45°; f = IloT!" --d; c = 1,41 (hoT[' - d) - 21 0 . 8 ;
a = 60°: f = 0,58 (hOt,!" - d); c = 1,15 (hoT!" - d):- 2IO.lIe
a) A
c==
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6)
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no T86n. I, 3 H3 KPIOI{H I{ JJ.nHHe XOMYT3 Llx - no T86n. 2.
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opMyne:
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3.n.ecb Do - AH3MeTp neT
TIH B cBeTY;
c- paccToSlHHe Me}l{n.y nJlOCKOCTHMIl neTenb B OCHX crep1KHeA
neTnH;
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}I(aHllIeH rpa HH 3neMeH13.
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U!HMH li3 CTep>KHH O)1Horo )1H3MeTP3, HnH B uenHX 91{OHOMHH 8PM8TYp.
!tOH CTaJJH COCT8BHbIMH, COCTOHLUHMH no lInHHe H3 CTep>KHe11 ):{BYX-TPCK
p
3UbIX .n.H3MeTpoB. coe
HHeHHNX KOIIT3KTHOH CTbIKOBOH CB3p
ofi
(10)
10
Ta6J1ul{a 1
1.)Hcno KplOKOB .no
aBKa Ha KJ)IOKH H nanKU A K , MM, K Anl1He npOAOJlb-
uoro CTep>l<HH npH AHaMeTf)e CTep>KHSJ 1I MM
(naool< )
6 I 8 10 12 14 16 18
Ha I KplOK "JUI 40 50 70 80 90 100 110
I JlanKY 6,25 d 130 230
I-Ja 2 KpIOR.a nJllf 80 100 150 180 200
2 JI8nl<11 12,5 d
n poiJoJl,9/Cenue TOOA. 1
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Horo CTep>KUSI upu J.(.HBMeTpe CTep}KfJH, MM
(JlBnOK)
20 22 25 28 I 32 36 I 40
...
Ha I KplOK II4ilH 130 140 160 180 200 230 250
J' . JianKY 6,25 d 250 310 350 400 450 500
Ha 2 KplOK8 IIJ1H 280
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105
90
105
120
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apMaTypbl nepHOJI.UqeCI{OrO npo.pUJlH.
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peAeJIHIOTCH paCqeTOM B COQTBeTCTBHU C snlOpOH .n.eiiCTBYIO
HX B KOtI.
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a - BepTHK8nbUbJe rpYDDbt; 6 -
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rpynDoBoft CTep>KeHb; 2 - >Kene.
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,neJIUTb no «}>opMYJle d up = 1,4Id.
CETKH
2.19. CeTKH AJIH apMHpoBaHIiH meJle3o()eToHHbIX KoncTpYJ{UHM B 3a-
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C npHMoyroJlbHbIM KOIITYPOM H B38HMHO nepneHlI.UKYJlHpHblM pacnoJIo-
>KeHUeM CTep>KHeii. PeKOMeHJ1yeMbIe JJ.J1H npuMeHeHHH ceTKH nOKa3aHbI
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OT BHAa H KOHCTpYKTHBHblX oco6eHHOCTeH apMHpyeMoro 9J1eMeHTa: CeTKJI
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BbIpe3Ke OTBepCTuii, npHBapKe SaKJI8JJ.HblX ..JI.eTaJIeii, .pHI{CaTOpOB, CTpO-
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(pHC. 6).
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ncpellHblx cTep>KHeH B CB8pHOH CeTI{e ,nOJl>KeH 6b1Tb He MeHee O,5d J +d2
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CTeH; e - TO }Ke, npUMeliHeMaSl )J...'1H OAHonpOJleTHblX UJlIIT; Ot 3 - ceTKH, npHMe-
HSleMbTe )J.Jlfl apMHI>OBallUH JlHHeitHbix BHel
eHTpeHHO-C>KaTbIJC KOHC-rpYKI1.Hit, Hanpu..
l\tep KonOfIH; e, 3IC - ceTKH THna <<JIeCeHKa», npHMeJlfleMble )l.JlSI apMHp008HHA
JlHHeitHblK 113r1l6aeMblX KO,tCTPYKI1.Hit, HanpHMep 6aJlOK; U, 1(. - ceTKU. npHMellRe-
Mble )J.JI
apMllpOBaHHSI 68J10K nepeMeHHoR BbiCOTbJ
HaMMeHblJJee Jl.OnYCTHMOe paCCTOSIHHe Me>KJI.Y OCSIMH CTep1KHeH OJj.,..
HOrO Harrpa BJleHIiH U
nIH H VMHB ,nOn>KHO 6blTb 50 MM.
COOTIiOIlIeHHSI ,lI.H8MeTpOB CBapHBaeMblX CTepmHefi CJle,nyeT npHIUI-
MaTb no T8on. 4 (no YCJlOBHHM cnapKH).
npH BbI60pe JI.HaMeTpa nOnepeqHblX cTepmlIefi cBapHblx ceTOK c..'fe.
JJ.yeT PYI{OBOJlCTBOBaTbCSI He TOJlbKO YCJ10BHJlMH CBapKH, HO H YCJIOBHHMI(
}KeCTI{OCTH CeTI{H B l{eJIOM, 06eCneQeHUe I<OTOpOH Heo6xo,ll.HMO npH n01>
rpY30QHo..pa3rpY301lUbIX pa60Tax, BO BpeMB TpaHcnopTHpOBKH H YIUlaAKU.
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PHe. 6. BH,llbI ,llop36oTKH ceTOK
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cH08"aR CeTl<a (noJIY4>a6pHK8T); 2 - .nonOOHHTenbHbJe CTep>KHH; 3 - Dupes.
Ka OTD
pCTU}I; 4 -llY..OBaH CBapKa
2.24. PeI{OMeH,llyeTcH KO'HCTPYHPOB3Tb CeTI{H, rOAHbIe ,llJU1 H3rOTOB-
JleHHJI Ha MHOrOTOqe[JHblX MamUU8X, npu nOMOlllH KOHT8KTHOH CB8pJ<H.
'OCHoBuble nap3MeTpbl MHorOT.oqetIHbIX M3IllHH t Hcnonb3yeMblx AJlJI
H3foTOB.1JeIfHH ceTOK, npuBe,neHbI B npHJI. 7.
,nHaMeTp CTep>KUH oAuoro I -.:)- 12 I
HanpaBJJeUHJI d J , MM 0 14; 16 18; 20
Tat)JIHl\8 4
22 125-32136: 40
HaHMeHbllJ1iH .D.OnYCTH-
u
MblH AH3MeTp CTep>RHH
Apyroro HanpaBncHHH
.d 2s MM
3
4
5
6
8
10
15
2.25. npn KOHCTPYHPOB3HIIH ceToK, npe,ltHS3H3QeHJJbIX D.J1S1 lIarOTOB-
nCHlUI n8 MHOrOTO'leqHbIX M3111HH3X, CJle.llyeT PYKOBO,nCTBOB3TbCH na pa-
teTpaMlI 3TUX l\'fBIlIHH, Kpo
1e Toro, HY>KHO YIlHTbIBaTb cJIe,nYJo
ee:
a) 11.onycKaeTcH cB8pKa KpecTooopa3HbIx coe.n.uHeIlIfH CTep1KffeM 113
pa3HbIX cTaJJeiI;
6) ,lUJaMeTp nOnepeqHbIX CTep1KHeH d2, cBapllBaeMbIx B I{pecT C npo-
.nO.,TlbHbIMH cTeplKHHMH, AonycI{aeTCH npHHIfMaTb no YCJlOBIiHM CBapKII
(CM. T86JI. 4), eCJ1U no paClleTY He Tpe6YeTCH 60JlbIlIHH ,llHaMeTp; no.
nepeQlIble CTep1KHH B CeTI{e .D,OJl>KHbI npHMeHSITbCH o,nHoro ,nuaMeTpa
H OAHOH ,nJIUHbI;
B) npo,nonbHbIe CTep>KHU CeTI{U peI{OMen,nyeTcH npUMeHHTb o,nlloro
JIlI8lYfeTpa.
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'l8TbCH Ollll ,UOJl>KHbI He 60Jlee 'leM B ABa pa3a; npH 9TOM ,nBa pH,nOM
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KpaTHb1M 200 MM; war npo,nOJlbHblX CTep1KHeH MO>KeT 6bITb YBeJIHlJeH
npOTUB YI<333HHoro B npHJI. 7 nYTeM IiCKJIlotleHIfH OT,nenbHblX CTep}KHeii
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B8UHbJX CBapHblX ceTOK. MY
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25 /J 25
800-3000
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2650
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3250
3550
3850
4150
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CJleJ1yeT pa3Mel1{8Tb C OAHOA CTOpOHbl;
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eTCH npHHHM8Tb KpaTHblM 50 MM, a npH JlHaMeTpe 14 MM H 60nee-
KpaTHblM 100 MM; MaKcHM8nbHbIA IlIar nonepetJHblx cTep:mHeii pel{OMeH-
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nonepetJHbIx qepTelKeH, Aonycl{aeTCSI npHHHM8Tb .nBa mara.
2.26. B COOTBeTCTBHH C n. 2.25 pa3pa60T8HbI YHH$HUlfpoB8HHbIe ceT-
Kif .A..'IH npoeKTHpOBaHHH $YHJlaMefiTOB II ,llPyrHx MOHOJlHTHblX KOHCTpYI<-
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nnOCKOCTH H8 cneu.RanblIbI
CTaHKax. B03MO>KHble OllepTaHIiH rHYTblX
ceTOK npHBeJleHbI Ha pHC. 7. rIpll 3TOM YlIaCTI{H CeTOI{ B MeCTax cr116a
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Hlnf, fia paMeTpbJ KOToporo npJ1BeJleJlbI B npU,H. 8.
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{OHCTPYIIPOB8HHH CeTOI{ Tllna «J1eCeHKa» (CM. pRC. 5, e, :He)
H JIH npll OTCYTCTBI1H MHOrOTOlle1lJlbIX MallIOH CJIe.nyeT oplleHTupoBaTbcfl
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napaMeTpbI KOTOpbIX npHBe.neJlbl B npllJI. 9. npH 3TOM ,nonycKaeMoe co..
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01' BH,na H KOHCTp}'I{THBHbIX oco6eHHocTeft >KeneS06eTOHHoro 3"qeMem8.
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IX ceTOK C npHMeHeHHeM. npH Iteo6xoAHMOCTH, Coe;t.HHH-
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20
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PUC. II. _4pMaTYPHble KapKaCbl. 06pasOBaHHbIe K3 rHYTblX ceTOK KOH-
TaI{THOH TOqellHOii CBapKOH
/ - TlfYTafl ceTKa: 2 - coe.nHHHTeJibHblii CTep
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PI-IC. 12. Ap1\t3TypHble KapKaCbJ, o6pa30BaHHbie HaHHSbIBaHne
( (-fa "PO-
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npO.!I.O n bHaS1 apM8Typa; 3 - XOMYTbl; 4 - TO"le\IHafl CBaplHt
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6a Mil:
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a) U3 n.nOCKHX ceTOK nYTeM npHB3pKn K np0J10JIbHbIM CTep>KHHM co..
u
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npaBneHHH (pHC. (0);
0) npHMeneHHeM mYTbIx CeTOK (pHC. 11) C 01:IepTaHHeM, KOTopoe
MOJKHO nonyqUTb Ha CTaH.LlapTHOM rH6oQUOM 060py,nOB8l1HII (CM.
UpU,,1. 8).
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6a, pacno..1'f01KeHMe npO,ll.o..'1bHblX CTep}I{lICH CJIe,llyeT Ha3HallaTb C Y'ICTOM
I<JIaCCOB npUl\teHSIeMoil apMaTypbI B COOTBeTCTBMU C pUC. 8;
B) nYTe
1 HaHHSbIBaHHSI Ha npO,ll.OJIbHble CTep1KHU nOnepellHbIX
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fiOnepeqHble CTepJKHH COe,ll.HHHIOT CBapI{oii npH 1i0MOW.U K..1'few.eH. rIpH OT.
CYTCTBHH CBapO'IHblX I{new.eM
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1 peI{OMeH,nYeTCSI pacn
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npu/1. 10.
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c06aMu= '
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6anKax, pa60TaIOw.Hx Ha KpYlleHue, a TaK>Ke B c>KaToii 30He 6aJ10K C yqll"
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2
Pac. 13. ApMaTypHble KapKaChl, o6paaoBaHHbie nYTeM HaBHBKH nonepeq..
Heii CRHpaJIbHOii apMaTypbI JI8 npOAo..1bHYIO apMaTYPY
J -
Tep)KHH DPOAOJIbHOA 8PM8TYPW; 2 - nOnepe'lH8S1 CnHpaJIhflan apMaTYP
f
( ...,. 11-"
1 Ir-Jrj
....
rrr
i
'
,."
o (""Tr"
I ,1-'..L
;JILt'
TTTr
,I Ii
", ./
TI ,-,
b
1-1
PH,C. 14. nO.nO}KeHHe cBapollH
IX KJlell{eH npH cBapKe Kap-
K8ca
n p H M e q a II u e. npe.ne
HbIe pa3Mepbl HlleeK KapKaca H Jl.H8MeTpoB
CTe ))')Hlleii npHse.neHbI B npun. 10.
22
2 1
2
t
2
o / 1
2
1
3
2
PRC. 15. ApMaTypHblH KapKac, o6pa30BaHHblfi U$ If!IOCKHX ce-
TOK, 06'be,l1UHeUHblX cKo6aMU npu nOMOIUU .nyroBoH CBapKU
1 - ceTK8; 2 - cKo6a; 3 - CB9pHoR mOB
1
2
2
oJ
2
')
.
2
PRC. 16. ApMaTypHbIH KapKac, o6pasoB8HHbIH H3 nJ10CKHX
CeTOl{, 06'beJl.UlleHHbJX C nOMOlllblO npHBSlsbIBaeMbIx WRHJleK
1- ceTKa; 2 -iDfiHJ1bKa
1
1
1
(1)
o
PUC. 17. ApMaTYPHblH l<apKac, o6pasoBaHHblH U3 n,nocKux ce-
TOI{ c nOMOIU.bIO n.yroBoH cBapKu npollo.,TJbHbIX CTep>KHeii
J - nnOCI<8Sl ceTKa: Z - JIyrobaH ,cBapka.. h 1IJ8 =6 MM
23
2
1
2
2
/
--=0
PUC. 18.. .A.pMaTYPHblH Kapl{aC, oopaSOBaHHbIM liS l"HYTbIX XOMYTOB H
npOJlOJJbHbIX CTep>I{Heii C BSl3KOU Bcex nepeCeqeBHM
J - npo.no.nbI1bfii CTep"{(
Hb; 2 - XOMYT
1
1500
J
1450
1f!
1.l
J
f
5950 4 2 4
I
/ J \ t.
1_ _ _ .1_ _. ,\
/ 1 \_____J
I I
I I
I I
A I
./ I I
..- - -'p--' "---7-'-
J
.21t- 145
-;- 1500
1-1
t
J
1
J
PHC. 19. npHMep apM3TypHoro J{apKaCa, 06pa30BaHHoro H3 nnOCI{HX ce-
TOK npllBapKofi ..flanOK .nyroBoH CB3pKOil
I - nJIOC'UIC CeTJ<lf; 2 - nOnepe'lHble CTepX<flH C JI8nKaMII; 3 - 3JIeMeU..Tbl }1\eCTKO
CTH; 4 - CKo6b1; 5 - .l4yrOB8H CBapK8
r) npO,lJ.O..flbHble CTep>KHH U rHYTbIe XOMYTbI COe}lHHSlIOTC.H BH3'{OM fie..
p(.lCeqeHHll 1I npUBapKoii 9.neMeHTOB 1KeCTI{OCTH (puc. 18);
Jl) flJlOCI\I1e CeTKH coeAfIHHIOTCH C nOMOlLl.blO npOMe>KYTO'lHblX 3J1e.
MeHTOB (KOCbIHOK, nanOK, KplOKOB 11 T. n.) nocpe,ncTBoM
yroBoM cBapl<H
(pHC. 19).
l-Ia-aa 60JIbUIoir TpY,lJ.OeMl\ocTH }<apKacbI, npuBe,neHHble B n. 2.34 ua..
(:10Hlu.ero PYKOBO!lCTBa,
onYCKaeTCH npHMe1I1ITb B BH,ne HCKJJIO'leHHH.
2.35. 06p3aoB3HHe I<apKacoB A,,1H apMHpoBaHuH nnOCl{I1X }I{e,,'Je30-
6eTOJUlhlX 3..'1eMeHTOB THna nJIHT, CTeHOBbIX naue..iJeH H T. n. pel{OI\1eH,lI.Y-
C;'!CH npoH3Bo
H1b c
TIe.nYlolu.nM o6pa30M:
a) pSlJl. CeTOK Tuna «.neceHKa» 06'be}lHHSIeTCH nocpe.ll.CTBOM coe.nu-
u .
HI.ITe"llbHblX CTep>KHell, npIlBapHBaeMblX npH nOMOlLl.H CBapOqJlbIX Kne..
lU.€H (pIlC. 20);
24
J
, 1
PHC. 20. flpuMepbI apl\faTYP-
HbIX KapKacoB n,,'JOCKUX >Ke-
JlesoOeToHHblX 3J1eMeHTOB
a - ceTKH THna «neceHKa» 06'be'"
):{HHRIOTCB B KapKac npHBapKoH
coe,nltHHTeJIbHblX CTepJKHeit; 6-
06p
30BaHHe KapKaca CB8pKOA
ceTOK THn8 «JIeceHKa», p8cnono-
>KeHHbIX BO B3aHMHO nepueH,nHKY-
JUlpnhlX uanpaBJICUH5IX; 8 - TO )Ke, c npHB8pKoR B BepxHeit HnH nHiKlleit nnOCKO-
CTH K8pKaca n..10CKH>C CeTOKj I - CBapnaH CeTKa THna .neceHi<8»; 2...... Coe,lJ.HtlH-
TenbHble CTep>KtlH; 3 - CBapH
H ceTKa THna «J1eceHKa» ,npyroro HanpSBJleHHR H
MeHbweit BhlCOT!.)I: 4 - HlljKlfRJ( cBapH8R nnOCK8R CeTKa; 5 - BepXHSUf CBapnan
nnoCKaH CeTKa
1.
i1
1
f-1
1-
J 2
1
PHC. 21. IlpHMep ap\1aTypH01"0 l{apKaCa To.,'CTOii >Ke,,'Jes06eTOHHoii
n
'IHTbl
J ....... ropH30llTanhHaH n..10CKan ceTK8; 2 - BepTHK8J1bH8n nnOCKan ceTKa TUna «.ne-
ceHKa»: 3... 3neMeHTbi *eCTKOCTH
6) ceTKIf Tuna «JleceHKa» O.nH01"0 HanpaB.,1eHUJI coe.nUHHIOTCH CBap"
ROft c TaKHMIf }Ke ceTKaMU, HO MeHbllleH BbICOTbl APYl"OrO HanpaBJleHIIH;
B) TO >Ke, 1-10 c npUBapKOH B BepXHeH u.no HH>KHeii n
'IOCKOCTlI Kap-
J<aca O.ll.nOH UJiH ,l1BYX n,,TJOCKHX CeTOK; ,
1") KapKaCbl TO.,'1CTbIX }Ke,,1e306eTOHHbIX MOHO
'IUTHbIX n..1lfT peKOMell-
AYeT
H co6upaTb no pHC. 21 cBapKoH CeTOI{ l\fe
.ny C060H npH nOMOIU-U
" u v
T01JeQHOH "JiU .nyroBoH CBapl{OH.
2.36. nOpH,l10K BblnO,,IlHeHUJI C60PI{H H cBapKu KapKaca .n.o,,TJ>Kell 6LITb
oroBopeH B pa60f)HX 1J
pTe>Kax.
AHI(EPOBI(A APMATYPbl
2.31. ApMaTYPHble CTep>KHU B 6eToHe JIHWb Tor.na MorYT Boc.npn-
IiHMaTb HanpSI>KeHHSI, Kor.na HCKJIIOqeHa B03MO}KllOCTb HX npOCKaJIb3blfia-
25
,
HUH. ,l{JIft npe.n.OTBpaw.eHU" npOCKaJIbSLlBaHJfH OHM Jl.On>KHbl HMeTh (,(8":
.neJKI-IYro a HI<epOBKY .
2.38. AUKepoBKa OCyl.ltecTB.nSIeTCJI OAHJfM H3 CJle.nYIOw.Hx cnoco6oB
BJIH ux C01JeraHHeM (puc. 22):
a) cu.enJIeHHeM npSII\1bIX CTep>KlleM c 6eToHoM;
6) KplOKaMu HJIH JIanK3MH;
a) 0) 8,
III!
" .,
......
\,: ...... :
2) 1-1 OJ.
-...
11.. ,1 1 ""
........
.....
PUC. 22. AHKepoBK8 paOOqeH apMaTypbl B 6eToHe 3,neMeHT8
II -Cl(enneHHeM npitMblX cTep>l<lIeA C oeTOIIOM; () - KpIOKaMtt: 6 - naOK8MH: t
neTnRMH; iJ - npHBapKoA nonepetlllhJX CTep1KHeA
1-1
,
2
I::::t t:
1
J!
PIIC. 23. nOnepeqH
apMu-
pOB3HHe 8 30He 3l1Kep08KH
neT .rlD
I - neT.nft; 2 - non
pe'lHhte
CTep}(UiH He MeHee 2 /2J 6 MM
1
B) neTnHMU;
r) npHBapKOH nonepellHblX CTep>KHeA;
A) cneu.HaJIbHblMU npllcnoco6neHHHMH (aHKepaMu).
2.39. AHKepoBKa 3a CqeT cu.enJIeHHH npSIMblX CTep>KHeii c 6eTOHOM
J(onycK3eTCfl TO.'IbKO ,nnH apMaTYP
nepUO.D.UqecKoro npot}>HJUI. npH
3'fOM cJle,!
YeT HMeTb B BHAY, liTO npOIlHOCTb CnenJ1eHUH B03paCTaeT C
yaeJUIQeHlleM 3$clJeKTHBHOCTII npO
HJISI nOBepXHOCTH_ c nOBbIWeHHeM
npO'lHOCTIf 6eTOHa, a Tal{>Ke npH na..rIH1JHH nOnepeqHOrO C>KaTlISi. 1'1. 1Ia-
060POT, Tpe6yeTcfl 6:6J1bI1I3H ,nJIHHa aHKepOBKH c nOBblllIeHHeM npO'lIlOCTH
6
(
nacca) apMaTypbl, c nOBblWeHHe", ,nHaMeTp3 CTep>KHJI, a T8K>Ke npH
..aJJH1jHH nOnepe'lHOrO paCTH}KeHHR.
· . Ha .R,nllHe aHKepOBKH ,no..1>KeH 6bITb ,nOCTaTOtlHbIH 3aw.HTHblA CJIoA
6eTOHa H B HeKOTopbIX c.,qyqaHX, ocooeHHO npH CTepJKHHX JlH3MeTpOM
16 MM H 60nee. nOnepe'lHOe apMHpoBaHHe.
YCTpOMCTBO JIanOK ,nonYCTlfMo To,nbKO ,n,,1H CTep>KHeH nepHollH'lecKo"
fO npo4>H41S1, ,nnH rna,nKI1X C1'Cp>KHeA HY>KHO npen.ycMaTpHBaTb KpIOKH.
AHKepoBKa neTJIHMH MOJKeT npHMeHSlTbcSI KaK ,nJIH r
'IaAKHX CTepJK-
ileA, TaK H ,nJIH crep1KHeA nepHo,nH1JecK01"O npoq>lInJl. npH STOM 8HKepOM
C1JHTaeTCH T.aKaii fleTJISI t Y KOTOpOH 06a CTep}KHH (06a KOHna) paCTHIIY"
TbI B OtlHH3KOBOH CTeneHH.
Ha .D.JJHHe aHJ{epOBKH neT
'IH Heo6XOJIHMO npe,nYCMaTpHBaTb none-
pe'lHOe apMHPQBaHHe no puc. 23. nonepetlHaSi apMaTypa YCTaHaSJIHBa..
eTCH no pacqery lIa BbIKaJIbIBaHHe 6eTOHa H AOJ]>KHa COCTOHTb He MeHee
1JeM K3 JJ.BYX CTep>KHeH JU1aMeTpOM no 6 MM.
11pllBapKa nOnepe'lHbfX CTepX<Heii HJlH cnellHanbHblX npHcnoco6neHHA
u
.AnSI aHKepOBKH OT,ne..1bHblX CTep1KHeH npHMeliHeTCH, eCJIH aHKepOBJ<8
CueOJleHHeN, KplOKaMH HnH neTJIHMH HeAOCTaTOtJHa.,
2.40. npOn.O..1bHble CTep>KHH pacTSIHYTOA H C>K8TOil apMaTypbl AO.,1}1{-
HhI 6L1Tb saBeAeHhI 3a HOpM3J1bHOe K OpOAOJIbHOA OCR 9JIeMeHTa ce'IeHDe,
B KOTOpOM OHH Y'lHTbIBaIOTCH c nOnHbIltl paCqeTHblM conpOT.HBneHHeM H8
Al
HHY He MeHee laH. onpe,l1eJlJIeMYIO no cl>opMYJIe
Ian = ( maR ' R Ra + MaR) d, (II)
up I
110 He MeHee laH=AaBd, fAe 3HaqeHHll mas,
AaB H AaR' a TaK>Ke ,n,ony-
CKaeMb1e MHHHMaJlbHble BeJlHIJHHbl laB onpe,AeJIJlIOTCfl no Ta6
'I. 6. fIpH
9"r-ou pacTSlIIYTbIe rna.ll.l{He apMaTypHbIe CTepJKHH AOn)KHbl OKaHtfHBaTbCB
KpIOK8MH UJIH IIMeTb npHBapeHnylO nOnepe1JHYIO apMaTYPY Ha AJIDRe 33-
,I1eJJKH.
Ta6J1Hna fi
3Ha'leHJUf m aHt L\
aH' "'au H laH AJISI apMaTYPbl a BHAe
Y CJJOBJUI pa60TbJ CTep>K HeR nepll0
"-q-ec KOro rJ18AKHX CTep>KHeA
apM8TYpbJ npOcPH.n
maR I AAali A aH J laH' NM m aH I
8H , A
H IletH' M"
lIe MeJlee Be MeHE'e
3an.eJJK8 pacTSIHY. 0,7 11 20 250 1,2 11 20 250
TOn apM3TypbI Jj
paCTflHYTOM 6eTO-
He I
, . 0.81
3an.eJlKa C>KaToft 0,5 8 12 200 8 15 200
H pacTHflYTOiJ iij)-
M8TYPbJ B C)K8TOlt I
6eToHe
27
II0d
0) 0)
1.0H
to.'/
5Dd
,
't ,
I
OtJ
40d
JOd
2311
JOtJ
28d. 20d
19,5d
25d
15d
12d Rq(6J
;f5
NIl(6J
KtG/Cllt
G
K2t/CH I
tc-)",,>
.n..flHUY 3a.a.enl{f[ BpMaTypHblX CTep>KHeH B 6eTone pasHblx MapoK B
SttBtlCIIMOCTH OT Be"fJHtJHHbl HanpSI1KeHHfl B CTep>KHe H OT K,nacca apMa:cy-
phi pCKoMeH.nyeTcH OnpeJl.eJJHTb no l"pacpHKaM p HC. 24.
,a..1S1 onpe,ne.neHHS1 nO rpacl>HKY pHC 24t a ,DJIHHbl aHKepOBKH pacTH..
JIYToro CTep1KttH ,nHaMeTpOM d H3 apMaTypbl K.'Iacca A..III (Ra=-
=3400 K1"c/cM 2 ) B pacTHHYTOM OeTOHe npoeKTHoH MapKff Jv1300 HaXOJl.Hl\t
8ua i leUHe RIi=3400 Krc/cM 2 lIa OCH aOCu.Hcc H H3KJIOHHYIO npsn,1YIO AnSI
f)cToHa MapKII M300. OT TOtJKH nepeCeqeHllfl 9TOH HaKJIOHI-IOH npJlMOH
c nepneH,llHKYI1HPO
1 I{ OCH aocnHCC B TOqKe C Ra=3400 Krc/cM 2 npoBo-
AltM napa.nJ1e.J1L1JO OCH a6cl.llfcc nHHHIO ]1.0 nepeceqeHIIJI C OCblO 0P.D.HH8T.
rj\e " qH'raeM SHaqeHHe laH=28d.
)J.J1H onpe.lle.!leHHH no rpacpHKY pHC. 24, 6 ,llnHHbI aliKepoBKIl paC1'St..
IiYToro CTep.>KUS1 ,llHaMeTpoM d lIS apMaTypbI nepHolU 1 tJecKoro npocl>HJ1H B
C>1<3TOM 6eTOHe npoeKTHoH MapKH M300; B cnyqae ]{OfAa BCJ1IIQHUa Ita..
J1pSl>KenHH B CTep>KHe O'a no paCQeTY MeHbwe R a H COCTaBJ1S1eT
3100 l\rc/cM 2 . HaXO,llHM 3H8 1 IeHHe O'a=31oo l(rcfcM 2 Ha OCII aocuHCC I';
IiCKlIOtIH}"IO npSit\1YIO .AJIH 6eTOHa MapKH f\1\300. OT T01.JI{H nepece'ieHHSI
9TOH H8K"JIOHHOI1 npSlMolf C nepneH,lI.HKY J1HpOM KOCH B6cU.HCC B TOtJKe C
Ua =3100 I\rC/CM 2 npOBo.nUM napaJIJIeJIbHO ocu a6CQHCC JIJIHHIO .no nepe..
CeqeUIIH C OCblO 0p.AHHaT, r.ne H qllTaeM SUallelIHe litH = 19)5d lUlU C
oKpyrJ1enneM 20d.
28
JInH onpene
eHHH no
rpa$UKY puc. 24, 8 ,1I}lUHbl aH-
KepOBKU r,na.nK01"0 paCTHHYTO-
1"0 CTep}KHJI 83 apMaTypbl
1{
'I
cca A-I B paCTJIH}'ToM 6e-
TOHe npoeKTHoH MapKu
1250
lIaxo.zUIM SHalleHHe .n.nH 6eTO..
Ha MapKu M250 Ha OCH a6c..
nUCC U COOTBeTCTBYJOlllYIO
,llaHHot\1Y c..flyqalO KPHBYJO 2 ,
OT TOIII{U nepecelleHufl 9ToH
KPUBOii c nepneHAuKY.11J1pOM
K ocu a6cll.ucc B TOIIKe AJIH
6eTOHa MapKII M250 npoBo-
AUM napaJlJ1eJIbllO OCIf a6c..
l1.HCC ,,'1UHUIO .no nepeCeqelIHH
C OCbIO Op.aHHaT, r.ne If I.J.H-
TaeM SHalleHHe laH=34d.
ECRU B.nO..flb aHKep)reMoro
CTepJKHfl B paCTJlHYTO
6eTO-
He no paCqeTY 06paaYlOTCH
Tpelll.UHbl, TO CTepJKeHb ,lI.OJI-
}KeH 6blTb sa.neJIaH B C>K8TYIO
30HY 6eTOHa Ha .n 1 1HHY , dO ,
onpe)(eJIJleMYIO no cpopMYJIe
(11) HJIli no rpa$uKY pllC. 24.
ECJIH nnow.aAb CeqenHH
$aKTUqecKu YCTaHoBneHHoro
aHKepyeMol"o CTep>KHJI Fa,ip
60JIbille Tpe6yeMoH paclleToM
no npollHoCTU Fa.p, TO AJ1HHa
8HKepOBKU 3Toro CTep}f{IUI
MO>KeT 6blTb YMeHbllleHa ny-
TeM no.nCTaHOBI{IJ Be..flHIIIlHbI
Fa.p
C1a=Ra F BMeCTO 3HalleHfJSI
a,f)
Ra npu onpe.neJIeHHU Lan no
$opMYJ1e (11) UJIH no rpacpn-
KaM p1fc. 24.
2.41. AHKepoBKY npo-
.nO
'IbHOrO CTep>KHH npH lIe-
B03MO>KHOCTH BbInO.nHeHHH
yKasaHHbIx B D. 2.40 HaCTOH-
w.ero PYKoBo.nCTBa tf'pe60Ba-
HUH Heo6xo.nUMO 06ecne T IHTb
c nO_MoIl\blO CJIe.nYIOw.Hx
ne.
QuaJlbHbIX Mep (npH 3TOM BeJIUqUlia laB ,nOll>KHa (5bITb He MeHee J Od) ,
a) nocTaHoBKoH KocBeHHoH apMaTypbI B BHAe cBapHbIx nonepeqlIblX
CeTOK unH OXBaTbIBalow.ux npo.nonbHYIO apMaTYPY XOMYTOB; B 3TOM CJIY-
qae A
'IUHa SOHbI aHKepOBKU lao, onpe.neJleHHaJI no cpopMYJIe (11), MO-
JKeT 6blTb YMeHblUeHa nYTeM .nMeHUSI Ko9$$Ul1.UeH1'a maB Ha Be
lIqHHY
°6
1 + 12.....g " YMeHblUeHIIJI K03cI>cI>Ul1.UeHTa t:.'Aa.n H8 BeJIHqUHY 10 - R J
np
B)
iim
50d
40ri
J4d
JOd
25d
20d
15d
M6ET
f't')
I(")
PHC. 24. fpa$IIKU .n,,Jlfl onpe.neJIeHUH
JIJlUHbI aHKepoBKu apMaTypHbIX CTepJK-
A Heft B 6eTOHe paSHblx MapOK
a - ,llnHH8 BnKepOBKII P8CTSlHYThlX CTCp1KHeit
nepHO,llH'leCKOrO npo<}>lllIJI.
pacTfllfYTOM 6e.
TOHe; 6 - ,llJtHHa 8HKepOBKH P8CTSlHYTblX "JIB
c)({aTbIX CTep>KlfeA nepHO,llH1JecKoro npoc1>HnSi
B C>I<8TOM 6eTOtle; 8 - ,llnHU8 aHKepOBKH
rna,llKUX CTep>l<netf: 1 - paCTJfnYTblx Knacca
B- I B P8CTSiHYTOM 6eroHe; 2 - TO >Ke, Knac-
ca A. J; 3 - paCTAtlYTbiX KJlH C>K8TblX KJl8C"
ca B-1 B C)l(8TOM 6eToHe; 4 - TO me, KJtac.
e8 A - I
"
29
1
9
1
/J
2
7
"
1
1
1
2
J
PUC. 25. AHKepOBKa npo.nonbHoro CTepiKHJI C nOMOI.I.lb1O cnel{H3J1bHblX
YCTPOHCTB
I - ()eTOH; 2 - 8HKepyeMblA CTep>KeUb; 3 - Kpyrnan HJlH KBaAP8Tllafl CTaJIbH8S1
w8A6a; 4 - CBapKa; 5 - 0611{8THe; 6 - BblCa>KeUUafl ronOBKa; 7 - CT8.11bllOA yro..
.nOK; 8 - pe3b6a
CAe f.tJC - 06'beMHbIH K03cM>u
HeHT apMUpoBaHHH, onpeAeJlHeMbIii:
npH CBapHblX ceTK8X - no $opMYJIe
tt,C -
rK-
nlfcl1l + nJc2 1 2
II 'is
,
(12)
r,l(e ftl , f Cl H 11 - COOTBeTCTBeHHO qHCJlO CTep>KHeM, n..1omaAb nOnepeqHo-
ra CeqeHHSI H Jl)IHHa CTep>KHH CeT1{H B O.llHOM HanpaB-
JleHDU;
n 2 , f C2 H lz - 'r.o )Ke, B ,lI.PYl"OM HanpaBJIeHHU;
s- paccToHHue Me>K.ny ceTKaMu;
np" OXBaTbiBalOlUHX npO
O,'IbHYIO apMaTYPY xOMYTax-- no tj)opMyne
x Ix
fi K = 2ltu '
(13)
CAe f x - D,TlOma)J.b ceqeHUSI OfHOalOlL\erO xOMYTa, pacITo.,fJO}l{eHHOl"O y rpa..
Heo aneMeHTa; a - paCCTOJlHUe OT paBHO,ll.eticTBYIOIT(eH ycunl-di B pacTH-
uyroA npOJI,O,TlbHOM apM8Type (npu apMaType O,ll.HOro KJIaCCa - pacCToH-
iU'le 01' ueHTpa TSl1KecTH nJlOma,ll." nOnepeqHOrO CeqeHHH apMaTYPbI) .no
.J 6nH>KaMUleH l"paHU CeqeRlfH; U - pacCToSIHHe Me1K,lI.Y xOMYTaMH, U3
e"
peHlloe no ,ARURe 3,TleMeHTa.
30
HanpS)KeHl1e C>KaTUJI 6eTOHa Ha onope 06 cnpe.nenHeTCH AeneHH"
eM
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CB8pHOH mOB ,nOJI>KeH ()hlTh JlBYCTOPOHHHM )tJIHHOH 4 d.
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D8 neTJJIQ HOpM8THBHhlM YCHJIUeM OT c06cTBeHHoro Beca c60pHoro 3JIe-
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52
Ta6nHua 12
HOpMATJfBHoe ):(UlJMeTp CTepiKlIJI neTJlH d, BblcTynalOll(8fJ
MM, U3 apM8TYPbJ KJlaCCa BHYTpeHIfHA
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ne-rneH P II , TC A-I Ac-)I "blCOTa. MM Kpyr .ne1fHR. MM
0, I 6 - 70 20
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0,7 10 - 70 20
0,9 - 10 70 20
I " I 12 - 75 20
1,5 )4 12 75 30
t) 16 14 80 30
-
2,5 18 16 80 30
3, I 20 18 100 40
3,8 22 20 105 40
4,9 25 22 175 60
6, I 28 25 180 60
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8,5 I - 32 185 60
n p H M e q a H II H: I.. HopPttaTI1.8H}TIO HarpY3KY OT COOCTBellHOH MaCChi
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neTJlH.
2. B CJIYllae no
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BeJlH\{HHY aHl\epOBKH YMeHblllJITb. npHHSlB ee paBHOH lH.Yt r.n.e
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53
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30 d
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15 d CTep>KHH neTnH H He MeHee 250 MM.
B cJ>opMYJIe (15) SHaqeHHe P S ,(/} 6epeTcH B TC, F a,tj) - B CM
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npHHIiMae'fCH no Ta6JI. 14.
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54
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nOJlH'THneHOBble; C - CTaJJbHble; M - MaJJaH nOBepXHOCTb KOHT8KT3
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H - He3alllHllleHHble OT KOpp03HH.
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56
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HRH TOpn8 O)lHOro H3 cTblKyeMhlx 9JIeMeHTOB B KaqeCTBe OnaJIY()KH ,l1nSl
TOpu.a ,npyroro), To .nonYCK8eTCSI npH nepe.na(le llepe3 CTb1K TOJIbKO
C)f{HMalOlUero YCHJlHH BblflonHeHHe CTbIKOB «II 8CYXO».
3.16.. CTbIKH 9JIeMeHTOB, BoCnpHHHf\{aJOU\He p8cTSlrHBaloU1.He YCHlIHH,
AOJIiKHhI BbInonH HTbCSI:
a) CB8pKOH CT8JJbHbIX 3aKJla.nHbIX J1eTa.neH;
6) cBapKoH BbInycl{OB apM8TypbI;
B) nponYCKOM Qepe3 KaHaJIbI HJIH n83bI CTbII{yeMblx 9JIeMeHTOB
CTep1KHeH apM8TypbI, KaH8TOB HnH 60JITOB C nOCJIe,ltYIOU\HM HaTSI}KeHHe
1
IIX H 3anOJIHeHHeM n8S0B H KaH8JIOB ueMCHTHbIM p8CTBOpOM unll Menl<O-
sepHHCTbIM 6CTOHOl\1.
npH npoeKTHpOBaHHH CTblKOB 3JIeMeHTOB C60pHblX I<OHCTPYKU
fi1
J(OJI>KHbl npe.nYCMaTpHB8TbCH TaKHe, coeAHHeHHH 38KnaAHbIX Jl,eT8neH,
npH KOTOpblX He npOHcxo,nHJIO 6bI p8srH68HHR HX tJaCTeH, a TaK>Ke Bbl...
KOJIOB 6eToHa.
3.17. nplf npoeKTHpoBaHHH 9JIeMeHTOB COOpHblX nepeKphlTHH Jl,OJI}1{-
HO npe
ycM8TpHBaTbCSI YCTPOHCTBO WBOB Me>KAY HHMH, SanOJIHHeMbIX
6eToHoM. IIIHpHH8 WBOB ,lJ.On>KH8 HaSH8Q8TbCH 113 YCJIOBHB 06eCneQeHHR
KalJeCTBeHHoro 38n0J1HeHHH HX H Jl,OJI>KH8 COCTaBJIHTb He MeHee 20 MM
)l.lIR 9JIeMeHTOB BbICOTOii Ce'leHHH JJ.O 250 MM H lIe MeHee 30 MM nplf
,SJIeMeHTax 60JIbWeH BbICOTbI.
3.18. B H8CTOSImeM PYKOBoJ1cTBe TepMHH «nonepetJH8H apM8Typ8»
npuHHT AJISI 0603H8QeHHH 9TOM 8pMaTYP
K8K AJlD BHS8HbIX KapK8coB.
TaK II )l.JIfi CB8 pHblJC H BKJIJOqaeT B ce6B nOllSlTHH XOMYTbl H nonepetJHbJe
CTep>KIJlf. TepMHH «XOMyr» npHHSlT ,nJIB 0603HaQeJlHH nonepellHoH apM8-
TYI>b1, K8K npaBHno, BHSallb1X 1{8pKacoB. TepMHH. «nonepeQHhIi% crep...
JKeHb» npHHHT )l.JIB 0003H8tJeHHSI nonepetJHoH 8pMaTYpu CB8pHb1X ceTOK
H KapKacoB. TepMHH «wnHnbK8» npHHSlT Jl,JlH o(jo3HatJeHHH cOe,l111I11fTeJlb"!
64
HbiK CTep>KHeH, ynoTpe()JlfteMbIX Ana 06pasOB8HHH K8K cBapHhlx, T8K H
BSl38HblX KapK8eoB. llinHJlbK8 MO>KeT HMeTb HnH He HMeTb KplOKl1 H8
KOHItaX.
.YH
AMEHTM H POCTBEPKH
3.19. t1>YH.lI.aMeHT8MR SlBJlSlIOTCSI no,n3eMHbIe I{OHCTPYI{I!HH, npeAHa-
3H8qeHHhle Jl,JUI nepe,na'lH H8rpY301{ OT Bblwe.ne>Kaw.HX Q8CTeH 3,a8HHSI
HJIJI CoopY>KeHHH H8 rpYHToBoe OCHOB8HHe.
OJ
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( KpomHo 300)
PHC. 48. OTJlenbHbIe CTyneHQ8Tb1e cpYJlJt8MeHTb!
Q -
YHJla MeliT H8 e
CTBeHHOM OCROB8HHH; 6 - CB8AHblR c1>YHA8r.teHT; I - KO"
1I01IHa: 2 - no.n.KOJ10HHHK; 8 - D.'1HTH8R .,8CTb: 4 - 06pe3 tj)YHA8MeHT8; 6 - nOAom-
B8 4>yuA8MeHT8; 6 - 6eTOHH8B nOAf01'oBK&; 7 - CB8H
iT 1 (KpomHO JOO)
npHMeHJlIOT cl>YHAaMeHThl H8 eCTeCTBeHHOM OCHOB8HIIH II CB8HHble
(pRC. 48). t1>YH,a8MeHT Ha eCTeCTBeHHOM OCHOBaHlfH COCTOHT H3 nJlHTHOH
Q8CTH H nOJlKOJIOHHHK8.
CBaHHblH cl>YH,lt8MeHT o6pasyeTCSI H3 CBaH H pocTBepI<a t noc.ne,l1HHH
1\ CBOIO 01lepeAb npeJl,CT8BJISJeT C060H nJIHTHylO 1l8CTh H no,nKOJIOHHHK.
nJIHTIIYIO '18CTb q>YH,n8MeHToB peKoMeHAyeTcSI KOHCTpYJIpOBaTb CTY-
neHQ8TOrO THna.
H8PflJl,y co cTyneH l l8ToH DJUITHOH IJ8CTblO peKoMeHJI,yeTcSI npHMe.
HSlTb cJJYH,naMeHTbl C nHpaMH,n8.nbHOii nJlHTHOH ll8CTblO (puc. 49). t1>yH
AaMeHTbI Moryr 6bITb C60PHblMH H MOHOJIHTHbIMH.
C60plIbie cpyu,aaMeHTbI peKOMeHJlyercH KOHcTpynpoB8Tb B BH,ne
neJIbHOrO 6JJOK8, COCTOSIwero 03 nJIHTHoft qaCTH H no,nKOJIOflHRK3
(pRC. 50).
3.20. B <»YH,naMeHTe (pocTBepKe) paSJIH'lalOT o6pe3 - BepxHlO1O 00-
6--661 65
BepXHOCTb, H8 HOTOpylO onHpalOTCSI KOHCTPYKWIH, patnon01KellHble Bb]-
we, II no.nOWBY - HH>KHJOIO nOBepXHOCTb, KOTopaH, Kal< npaBHno, 00111>-
we nOBepXHOCTH no 06pesy H nOSTOMY nepe
aeT HarPYSKY Ha rpYHTO-
Boe OCHOBaHHe C MeHbllIHM YAeJIbHhlM .naBJIeHHeM.
B cBaHHblx cJ>YH,naMeHTax B n0,l1011IBY pOCTBepKa sa,aeJ1b1BaIOTCH
BepXHlIe KOHIJ.bI CB8H.
PaceTOHHHe Me>KlI.Y nOAOWBOH H 06peSOM <»YH,naMeHTa (pOCTsepKa)
COCTaB.nHeT ero BbiCOTY H c)).
3.21. Bepx <»yu.naMeHTa pe..
KOMeH
yeTcSJ np1l1lHM8Tb:
AJIH 4>YH
aMeHToB c60publx
KOJIOHH - Ha OTMeTKe - 0,15;
J{JISI cJ>YH,l1aMeHTOB MOIIOJ1MT"
HbiX KOJIOHH - B ypOBHe Bepxa
cJ>YH,lta MeHTHOH 6anKH, a npH ee
OTCYTCTBHH - Ha 0'fMeTKe-O,05;
AnSI cJ>YHJJ.at.leHTOB CTaJJbHblX
KOJIOHH - Ha 100 MM HH>Ke OT-
MeTKH onopHoH nJIHTbI 6awMaKa
KOJIOHHbI.
fJIy6HHa SaJIO>KeHHH 4>YH,na-
MeHTa npHHHM3eTCH Ha OCHOB8"
HHH paClleTHblX JlaHHblX H B COOT-
BeTCTBHH C rJI8BOH CHHn no
npOeKTJipOBaHHIO OCHOBaHHH s,na-
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PasMepbl q>YH
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H8CTOSJIllero PYKOBo
cTBa.
BblcoTa <}>YH,lta MeHTa 11.,
({pOftle Tor 0, Ha3Ha l laeTCH no YC-
JIOBHHM sar JIy6JIeHIfSI, no ycn
PUC. 49. OT.ne.,fJbHbIM nnpaM1f.n.aJIb- BHHfvI sa.neJIKII c6opHOH KOJIOHHbI
HblH 4>Y H .n. aM eHT HJIM no YCJIOBMHM sa.ne.nKH BbI"
nycKoB apMaTypbt npH MOHOJIHT-
1- KOJlOHHa; 2 - nO,llKOJlOHHHK; 3 - nH. HbIX KOJIOHHaX H aHKepHblX ()OJI..
,aMH,ll.8J1bH8fl nJlHTH8H '48CTb; 4 - C)eTOO'"
HaS! no.nrOTOBK8 TOB npH CTaJIbHbIX KOJIOHH8.X.
Bb!COTa D.nHTHOH qaCTH cJ>YH-
,aaMeHTa naSHaqaeTCH no pacqe-
TY. Ec.nH BblCOTa q.YH
aMeHTa nOJIyqaeTCH 60JIbWe BbICOTbi nnHTHoH
'l3CTH, TO 3a ClleT pa3HHIJ.bI B BbICOTax YCTpaHBaeTCB nO
KOJIOHHHK.
BbICOT}' q>YH.naMeHTa peKOMeHJlyeTcH HaSHaqaTb KpaTHoH 300 MM.
3.22. Pa3
1epbl B nJIaHe nO
KOJIOHHHKa H nOJlOWBbI ,lJ,OJI>KHbI HaSHa-
WJ8TbCH KpaTHbIMH 300 MM. ,
f1>opMa nOnepeQHOrO cetleHHH nO
l{OJIOHHHI{a, l<aK npaBH.n<?, npHHH
MaeTCH npJJ
fO}TOJIbHOil. npH cooTBeTcTBylOmeM 06ocHoBaHHH .nnH
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MLJ nOnepeIJHblX CelleHHH nO
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TPYHpYIOT TaK }Ke, KaK Ii KOJlOHHbl, a peKoMeHjJ.8«HH no KOHCTpYHpO"
naHHIO X -o6pasHblx nO,l(KOJIOHHIIKOB npl1Be,neHbI B n. 3.32 HacToHw.ero
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QalO1'Cft KpaTHbIMH 150 MM. BblCOTbI cTyneHeH YCTaHaBJ1HBaIOTCH B sa.
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BbTCOTbl cTyneHeH peKoM
HAyeTcSl npnfJHMaTb no Tao
. 17.
3.24. nOA MOHonHTlIblMH Q:>YH,lJ.aMeHTaMH He3aBHCHMO OT rpyHToBbIX
YCJIOBH" (I<poMe CKa.,'1bHbIX rpYHToB) peKoMeH
yeTcH Bcer,na npeJ(ycMaT-
t 611 t
>KeJ1e306eTOHHblM «PYHAaMelIT
f=20+30 M'M np" MeTaJlJlH
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a no,n C60pHblMH - H3 cpeJ(He3epHHcToro neCRa CJIOeM 100 MM.
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Tax CJle
yeT npell.YCMaTpHBaTb BbIpaBHHBalOmHM cnOH 'no rpYHTY 113
6eToHa MapKH M50.
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MOHonHTHNX
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aMeHToB Ha eCTeCTBeHHOM OCHOBaHHH H MOHOJl"TH
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qaTb He HH>Ke MapKH MJ 50.
C60pHbJe cpYH)I.aMeHTbl H pocTBepKH CJIe
yeT BbInOJIHSlTb H3 6eTO-
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3.26. To
mHHa 3aUUITHoro C.HOSI oeToHa D6 J(
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pbl no,nOlllBbI MOHOJTHTHNX cpYHAaMelIToB
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1 n. 3.3 H8CTOHlll.ero PYKOBoAcTBa " npHHHlvlaTbCH He MeHee
35 MM (c yqeTOM, 1lTO BblnonHSJeTCH oeToHHaH nO)J.rOTOBKa), a npH OT-
CYTCTBUH 6eToHHoH nOJ(rOTOBKH - 70 MM. TOJIWHHa 3aIUHTHoro CJlOH
B C60PHWX
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OHHHKax MOHOJIHTHWX
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aMeHTOB
JlOn>KHa ObITb He MeHee 30 MM.
npH Heo6xo!U1MOCTH apl-tIHpOBaHH5I nO,ltOlllBbl «)JYH,lJ.aMeHTa, YCTpa-
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3.27. ,QHaMeTp pa(50QHX CTep>KHei\ apMaTypbI (cBapHon HJIH BR3a-
BOH) nO,lJ.OlllBbI, YK
a
bIBaeMbIx B
OJIb CTOpOHbl 3 M '}I MeHee,
OJI>KeH
6b1Tb He MeHee 10 MM, a cTepmHeH, YK,,1JaJI.bIBaefvIblx BJI.OJIb CTOpOHbI
60JIee 3, M, -lie MeHee 12 MM.
3.28. nO
OWBbI
YHJI.aMeHTOB peKoMeH
yeTcSI apMHpOBaTb THno-
BblMH YHHcpH
HpoBaHHblfvIH cBapHbIMH CeTKal\tH (CM. Ta6JI. 5), YKna,ALI-
BaeM
MH B )J.Ba cnOH C pa60tJei\ apM8TypOH BO B3anMHO nepneHAHKYR
JISipHOM .Hanp8BJIeHHH. B03MO}KHbIe cxeMbI paCK41'Ia,nl{H THnOBblX YHH4>n-
UHpOBaHHblX CCTOK B cnoe ,ltaHbI Ha pIlC. 51.
5*
67
50
PHC. 51. PacKnaAKa cBapHbIx YHH4>HD.HpoBaI-IHbix ceTOK OAHoro CJ10Jl
ITO nOAOWBaM OT,lI.eJIbHhlX 4>YH,lI.aMeHTOB KOnOHH
1 - ceTKH; 2 - nOAOWB8
YHJ1aMeHTa
npn WUplIlIC cj>YI-l,l1aMeHTa AO 3 M MO>KHO npHMeHHTb O,lI.HY ceTI<Y C
pa60'lHMH CTep>KHHMH B ABYX HanpaBJIeHHHX, eCJIH STO He npOTHBOpeqHT
YCJlOBHHM YUHq>HKaUHH apMHpOBaHHfl q>YHJI.aMeHTOB .naHHoro OODeKTa.
npH apMHpOBaHHIi nOAOlllBbl 4>YHD.2MeHTOB THnOBbIMH YHH
Hl
HPO-
B8HllbIMIf ceTKaMH CJle.nyeT npOBepftTb paCqeTOM Ha.ne1KHOCTb 3HKepOBKH
pa60Qnx CTep>KHeH. T2K l<aK KpaHHHe nOnepe'lHble CTep>KHH THnOBhlX ce...
TOK paSMelltalOTCR Ha paCCTOflHHH 150 HJIH 300 MM OT 60KOBOn rpaHH
IIH>KHeA cTyneHH.
AHKepoBKa npOAOJIbHblX pa60QHX CTep>KueA CtfHTaeTCJI ooeCneqeH...
HoA, eCJ1H B npe,l1eJJ8X yqaCTKa IIH>KHeH
TyneHHJ Ha KOTOpOM npOqHOCTb
68
Ta6nHD.a 17
QO,l.l\afl BLrCOT8, nnHT- I EhlCOTa CTyneHeR. MM
HoA lJaCTH
YIIA8Mt'H- hI , hs h3
Ta, MM
300 300
450 450
600 300 300
750 300 450
900 300 300 300
1050 300 300 450
1200 300 450 450
1500 450 450 600
CeqeHHH 06eCneQHOaeTCH 6eToHoM..16, pacnOnO>KeH XOTSI 6N O,lUUJ none-
peQHbli1 Crep>KeHb CBaptlOH ceTKH unH co6JIIOAae-rcSI YC,lIoBHe
It; > lau- (16)
3HaQeHHSI 16 (pRC. 52) ,l1J1S1 «!>YH.llaMeHToB H3 paSHbiX MapOI{ 6eTOH8
B 3BBHCHMOCTH OT OTHowelIHSI eonpOTHBJleHI1S1 OCCBOMY paCTH>KeHHIO 6e..
TOlf8 R p K }CpaeBOMY AaOJIeHHIO H8 rpYHT non nO.D,oWBOH cj>YH,l(aMelIT8
PJ'P (B3HTOMY H3 paC'leTa) onpeJ(eJiSleTCft no rpa«!>HKY pHC. 53.
.l{JIH onpe.neneHHH 3HaIJeHHJI If} .o.nR «!>YH,n,aMeHTa 83 6eTOHa np04
eKTHoH MapKH M150 (R p =6,3 Krc/cM 2 ) npH l<paeoOM ,naBneHHH cj>YH.
J),2MeHTa H3 rpYHT prp=1,8 Kfe/cM 2 H BhlCOTe cTyneHH fJ J =30 CM Bb1-
R p 6,3
QllCJISleM OTHOWCHHe - p = _ 8 = 3,5, HaXO,lJ.HM Ha OCH Op.l(HHaT
l'p 1 t
TOllKY co 3Ha'leHHeM 3,5 H npoBo.o.HM OT Hee npHMYIO, nap.anJJeJJbHYIO
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TOQKH nepeeeqeHHH 9THX nHHHA onYCKaeM nepneH.l(HKYJIHp Ha OCb a6c-
D.nCC, r.n.e H tJHTaeM 3HaqeHHe If} =43 eM.
3H3qeHHH las onpeAeJIHIOTCR no n. 2.40 H3CTOHlllero PYKOBo.ncTBa.
EcnH paClJeTOM nOKa32HO, lITO 3HKepoBKa CTep>KHe
THnoBoD. YHJI-
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npo.nOJlbHhlX Crep>KHeM no .l(onOJIHHTeJJbHOMY nOnepeqHoMy aHKepHoMY
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PIIC. 52. AHKepoBK8 pa60tJeu apMa-
TypbI nO.l(OWBbl f»YHAaMeHT2 (BTO-
poA CJJoA ceTOK YCJIOBHO ue nOKa.. 1
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1 -
YIIA8 MeHT; 2 - npOJl,o.'1bHble (p800- J
He) CTe'»KHH CB8pHblX ceToK; 3 - none.
1>ellHLle (MOHT8>KHble) cTep>t<IlU cBapHblx I'J
ceTOK; d H d. - COOTBeTCTBeHHO AH8MeT-
pLi npOAo.nb!iblX H nOnepeqHbIX CTep>KueA
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B) yseJIH'IMTb BblCOTY HH>KHeH cTynclJH <pYH.naMeHTa;
r) YBeJIH'IMTb MapJ<Y C5eTOHa
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neHH cpYH,lJ.aMeHTa
Rp - p8CQeTHoe conpOTHB..'1eH!:!e oeTOHa oceBOMY paCT
>KeHHIO no Ta(S.'l. 18 rn8"
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Hoft H8J'PY3KH oe3 Y'leTa Beca €pYH.D.8MeHT8 H rpYHT8 Ha ero YCTyn8x; hI - BbI
COT8 HH>KHelt CTYneHH 4>YH.D.aMeHTa
KJla,lJ.bISaIOTCH 80 B3aHMHo
nepneHn:HKYJlHPHbIX HanpaBJleHHHX, napan-
JJeJlbHbIX CTopOHaM nOAOlllBbI. llIar CTep>KHen peKOMeH.nyeTcSI npMHHMaTb
200 MM, J(JlHHa crep>KHeH Ka*.noro HanpaBJleHHH ,lJ.OJl>KHa ObITb OAHHa..
KOBO". B CJlytJae npHMeHeHHH apMaTypbI nepHO,lJ.H1JecKoro npocpHnfI ABa
v v u
KpaHHHX pg,lJ.8 nepeCelleHHH CTep>KHeH no nepHMeTpy CeTKH Aon:mHhI
f)blTh coeJJ.HHeHbI CBapKOH. .LlonycKaercfI npHMeHeHHe .nyroBoH CBSpKH.
BHYTpeHHMe nepeCeqeHHSI ,l\OJlJKHbI 6bITb nepeBH3aHbl qepes ysen B wax"
MaTHOM nop
,Q({e. ECJIH )J.JIH apMlfposaHHSI nO,lJ.OwB npHMeHSleTCSI rnaA"
70
Raft a pt.t8 rryp a , CTep)KHH ,lI.On}f{HbI 3BKaH'IHB8ThCfI KpIOK8M-H. a CD.plCa
Hep
eH1fH no nepHMeTpy B STOM cnyqae He Tpe6yeTCSI.
3.30. MHHHM8J1bHblH npoueHT apMHpoBaHHH nOJ(OWB'bI q>YHAaM'eH'"
TOO H pOCTBepKOB He perJI8MeHTHpyeTcH.
3.3.. nOAKOJIOHHHKH, ec.nH He06xo,nHMO no paclleTY, )J.OJUKHbI apMH-
pOBaTbcH 'npo,nonbHoH H nOnepeqHOH apMBTYPOH no npHHUHny apMHpo-
BaHDR KonOHH.
a}
0)
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C1
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PHC. 54. ApMHpOBBHne nO)J.KOJlORHHKOB npHMoyroJlbHoro CeqeHHH CBap-
IINNH ceTK8MH 6es HX B3aHMHOM CBH3H I11llHnbKBMH H XO'MYT8MH
a - paCQeTH8f1 paCTSlHYT8S1 apMaTypa B O,llHOn nJlOCKOCTH: 6 - paCqeTHaSi pacTSl-
HYT8S1 8pM8Typa B
BYX nnOCKOCTflX
nJIOllla.nb CeqeHHH npO,lJ.O
bHOH apMBTypbl C KB>K,lJ.OH CTOpOHbl me-
JIe306eTOHHoro nO)J.KOJIOHHHKa ,lJ.OJl1KHa 6b1Tb He MeHee 0,05 0 10 nnow.aJJ.H
nOnepeQHOrO Ce1JeHHSI nO)J.KOJIOHHHKB.
.l{HaMeTp npOJ(OJlbHbIX CTep)l{HeA MOHOJIHTHbIX nO)J.KonOHHHKOB ]J.on-
>KeH 6hITb He MeHee 12 MM.
3.32. ECJtH B >KeJIe306eToHHblx nO)J.KonOHHHKax C.>KaTBH apMaTypa
no paCqeTY He Tpe6yeTcR, a CeIJeHHe paCTHHYTOH apMaTYPbI Heo6xo,lI.H-
MO no paC1JeTy He oO/lee 0,3 Oro nJIOwaliH nonepet.lHoto CeqeHHH 6eTOHa,
TO ,nonYCKaeTCH He YCTaHaBJIIIB8Tb npOJ(onbHYIO H nOnepeqHYIO BpMaTY-
py no rpaHHM, napanJJeJIbHbtM nnOCKOCTH ,lJ.eMCTBHR H3rH6BIOwero Me-
MeHTa (no J(JIHHHbIM CTopOHaM nOnepe1JHOrO Ce'1eHHH no,nKonOHHHKa).
ApMHpOBaHHe no rpBHHM nO)1KOJIOHHHKOB, nepneH,lI,HKY JIHpHbIM nJIOCKO"
CTH Aei'lcTBluI H3rH6alOlll.ero MOMeHT8 (no KOpOTKHM CTOpOH8M nonepeq..
HOI"O CeqeHHH nO)J.KOJlOHHHKa), BblnOJlHReTCH B STOM cnYIJ3e CBapHblMH
11
TIiPOBhlMH YHHt}>H1I.HpOBaHHblMH CeTKaMH C 06eCneqeHHeM TonllUiHbl 3a-
I[(HTHOrO CnOH ()eTOHa He MeHee 50 MM H He MeHee ABYX AHaMeTpOB
DpOAonbHOH pa60QeH apMaTYP
. npH 9TOM KOHCTPYKTHBHyro apM8TYPY
B Salll.HTHOM cnoe TOJIllI.HHOH 60Jlee 50 MM YCTaHaBnHBaTb He Tpe6yeTcB;
He Tpe6yeTcSI TaK>Ke coe,lI.HHeHHe npO,ll.OJIbHbIX CTep1KHeH npOTHBono-
JI02l{HbiX ceTOK XOMYTaMH H WnHJIbKaMH (pHC. 54, a).
G)
tg
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IC)
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50
PHC. 55. ApMHpOBaHHe nO,lJ.KonOHHHKOB X-06pa3lforo CelleHlfR CBapHLlMH
ceTKaMIf
a - paCtICTHaB paCT
UIYTaB apl\S8Typa B o,AHoR nJ1OCKOCTO; 6 - paClleTH8fl paCTfI-
"YTa
8pM8Typa B ABYX nnOCKOCTftX
AuanOrHqHO apMHpYIOTCH nO,llKonOIIHHKlJ, paCCQIIT8HHbIe I{aK 6e-
TOHHble, ecJJH B IIlIX Tpe6yeTcH YCTaHoBKa KOHCTPYKTIIBHOH apMaTyphl
(CM. n. 3.10, iJ HacTonw.ero PYKOBoAcTBa). .
ECJIH ,lI.OnYCKaeTcH paCQeTOM, TO Tal{Oe apMupOBaHue CBapHbf.MH
CeTKaMH (6es UX BsaHMHoii CBHSH) MO>KeT ocyw.eCTBJIHTbCH He TOJJbKO
no ABYM, HO H no qeTbipeM CTopOHaM cetlelUfSl nOJ],KOJlOHHHK8 (pHC.
54, 6). CeTKli B 9TOM cJIYQae KpenBTcH K JKeCTKOH OnaJIy6Ke.
B C
'YQae npHMeHeHHB nO,ll.KOJIOHHHKOB X...06pasHoro nOnepeQHOrO
Ce'leHHft HX KOHcTpyHpoBaHHe peKOMeH,lI.yeTcSI BbinOJIHHTb no puc. 55.
3.33. B c.nYllae HeBOSMO>KHOCTH KpenneHHH ce,TOK K ona_iI}'6Ke ap-
MHpoBaHHe nOAKO.'lOHHHKOB npH BhlCOTe c1>yHJI.aMeHTa /l.0 7,2
{ MOJKJlO
ocYmeCTBJIHTb npocTpaHcTBeHHhlMH c8MoHecYIUHMH KapKacaMH no
pRC. 56. Dpll 3TOM B KapKacax BbiCOTOH ,ll0 4,5 M YCTaHaBJllfB310TCft
72
aJ r h n r OJ
1-1
1 1 :.
t::;:) .1 1
I
!h n =900!
'"
v/
1-1 f
3
1
hn=1200 1
h n =1500
2 1 1
2
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1
t:)
,...
C;)
II c:Q
ttS
M=1200
1800
Puc. 56. ApAIHpoBaHlle nOJ],KOJlOHIIHKOB caMOHeCYlllHp.UJ
KapKaC8MH. co6HpaeMblMH H3 CCTOI{
4 - 06W.Hn BR.A
YJl.A8t.{eHT8; 6 - cxeMbl YCT8HOBKH P83B1T3b1B8IO-
U(HX WOHJleK. H ropH30HT8J1bIlYX 8PM8TYPllLlX cBSl3eit B Kap
aCax;:
8 - CXeMY YCT8HOBKH CeTOK npH c(5opKe HX B KSpK8C;
1 - ceTKH; 2 -- mnHnbKH (qepes 600 YM no BblcoTe); 3 - rop030H-
T8J1bfJbJe apM8TVPHbie CBBS" (npH 4.5 M<.H ())<.7.2 M): 4 - )lyro..
B2)1 cBapK8 (1 mB ==40 MM, h JDB ,==6 MM, UJar 600 M'-I)
73
TO.nbKO p83Bfl3bIB810111He WnHJIbKH"8 BbICOTOH 4,5-7.2 M YCTaIl30JIHSa-
IOTCSI .nonOJIHHTe,,'lbHO ropH30HT8JIbHbIe .nH8cl>parMLI )KeCTKOCTH H3 cTep'"
}RHeA .nH8MeTpoM 12-16 MM tIepe3 1800 MM .no BhICOTe.
npH 8pMHpOB3HHH nOAKOJIOHHUKOB
YH
8MeHToB OMCOTOH oonee
7,2 M npH cOOTBeTcTBYIOw.eM 06ocHoBaHHH AJIH HaOeCK" cBapHbIx ceTOK
a) h n 0) h n
t t
2 71 1 1
.
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1
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1-1 1 2-2
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L-
PRC. 57. ApMHpoBaHHe no,nKOJIOHHHKOB ceTK8MH, HaoelliHoaeMbIMH H8
necYll1J1H KapKac, H rHYTbIMH ceTK8MH
If - npH pacqeTlIoA paCTSlHYTOA apM8Type B o)l.HoA nJIOCKOCTH; 6 - npH pac-
lJeTHoA pacTHHYTOA apM8Type B D.BYX DJIOCKOCTHX; 1 - nnOCKHe ceTKH; 2 - fleey-
HA KapKac; 3 - J'HYTble ceTKH
C ABYX HJIJI lIeTbIpex. CTOpOH .nonycKaeTCfl. npHMeHHTb K3pKac C IIcno.nb..
SOB8HHeM npOKaTHbIX npO
H.JleH npeHMymeCTB.eHHO H3 yrO.,'IKOB (pHC. 57).
npoKaTHbIe npO
HJ1H 9THX K3pKacoB ,lI.OJ{}I{Hhl YllUTbIB3TbCH B Ka...
'1ecToe paooqeA apM3TypbI nOJ.lROJIOHHHK8.
npH He>KeCTKOH on3J1y6Ke )I,-onYCl<aeTCfl T31{}Ke apMHpoB8Tb nOJl.KO"
JlOHHHK CeTI(3MH C OTOfHYTbIMH KpaflMH (pHC. 57, n03. 3).
14
3.34. ApMHpoBaHHe CBapHbIMH
ceTKa:MH BblCOKHX nOMonOHHllKOB
np" pa3
enbHoM oeroHHpos3HHH
nnHTHoH qacrH H nO
KOROHHHKa
peKoMeHAyeTCR B
nORHHTb co CT
.
KOBaHueM ceTOK Ha)1 nJIHTHOH
lJaCTbJO (pHC. 58). CTbIKoBaHHe pac-
THHYTbIX paootIHx cTep>KHeii CeTOK
BHaxReCTKY npH oopbIBe Bcex cTep-
lKHeH B O
HOM CeqeHHH cRe
yeT
BLlnOJlHHTb Ha BeJUf1JHHY 2 lu
(puc, 58, a) .
npH 06pbloe B O
HOM CeqeHHH
50Ofo pa60qnx CTep>KHeii CTbIKOB3-
HHe ceTOK MO>KHO ocymecTBRRTb
Bpa36e>KKY nYTeM BblnYCKa 83 DJIUT-
HOU qaCTH 4>YHAaMeHTa
BYX ceTOR:
O
Ha ceTKa BblnYCKaeTCH Ha ,llRHHY
1 ft , a BTopaR - H3 21 H (pHC. 58,0). CYMMapHaB nRow.a,nb Ce1JeHHH CTep>K-
HeB ceTOK ,nOR>KHa COCT3BJIRTb nnOl1(a
b CeqeHHSI paOO1JeH apMaTypbI
nOJJ.KOJIOHHHKa.
3.35. npOJJ.O,,'JbHble CTep>KHH apMaTypbl no,nKOROHHHKOB MOHORHTHbiX
$YH
aMeHToB npH OTCYTCTBHH rpYUTOBblX BOA peKOMeH.nyeTcii ycranan-'
JUJBaTh Henocpe,nCTBeHHO Ha 6eTOHHYIO no
rOTOBKY, SaKaHqHBaB ox SAeCb
6e3 KplOKOB II OTfHOOB.
Pitt. SS. Y CTpOlicTBO CTblKOB pac-
...
TJlHY1'LIX CTep1KfleH BHaxneCTKY B
YHA:aMeHTax KOJIOHH np" pas..
AeJlbHOM OeTOHHpOBaHHH CTyneH
qaTOU QaCT8 cJ>YH)laMeHT8 H noJJ.
KO.nOHHHKa
Q. - npu CTblKOBKe Bcex CTep>KHea B o.n....
HOM Ce1JeHHH; 6 - npa CTblK.OSKe 50%
cTt'p>KHeA: B OD,HOM CeqeHHH; 1- CTyneu.
1l8T8R 1l8CTb 4>YH,lI.aMeHT8: 2 - nOD,ROnOH-
HHK; 3 - CTblKOB8H ceTKa; 4..... ceTKa noJl.-
KonOHIUfK8; 6 - ceTKH nO,ll.OWBbI 4>YU,lI.8-
MeHT3
a)
t-.J
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5)
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=:Jb =
JlononHHTenLH
e YKasaHU9 nO KOHCTPyupOBaHUID
4>YHAaMeHTOB C60PHbiX )KeJ1e306eTOHHblX KOJJOHH
3.36.. <l>YH;JJtAieHTbl COOpHblX KOROHII peKoMeH.nyeTcH KOHCTpYHpoBaTb
no puc. 59 co cT3KaHHoH Q3CTblO J(RH 33Ill.eMJ1el-IHH KOROHH,
CTaKaHbJ cl>YHAaMeHToB ,nnyxBeTBeBblx KOel'lOHH c paccToHHHeM Me>K-
JJ.Y HapY>KHbIMH rpaHSfMH BeTBeH h H >2,4 M peKoMeHAyeTcii BblDonHRTb
OTJleJ1bHO noJt Ka>KJ.J.YIO BeTBb.
fRy6HUY CT3K3Ha cpYH.naMeHTa he CJleJtyeT' Jla3HaQaTb Ha 50 MM
60Jlbme r ny6HHbf 3aJteJJKH KOJlOHHbJ hS9
3.37. fJ1y6HHa 3a.neJIKH THflOBblX KO.nOHH B cl>YHJt3MeHT npHulfMaeTcH
no cooiueTcTBYiOUlHM THlIOBblM cepHflM. f Ry6HHa 3a
eRKH HeTHnOBblX
KOJIOHII npHHHl\1aeTCH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Tuna KOROHHbl.
75
I(O.nOHHbI npSlMoyrOJIbHoro CeqeHHSI SaJle.nblBaIOTCSI B 4>YH,l1aMeHT
Ha r.ny6HHY, onpe.nenfleMYIO no Ta6JI. 18.
rnyoHHa SaJleJIKH .n0yxBeTBeBbIx KOJIOHH .non>KHa YAoBnemopSlTb
cne.nYIOIUeMY yc.nOBHIO:
hs > O,5+0,33h n , (17)
rAe hu - paCCTOSlHl1e Me1KAY HapY1KHblMH rpaHflMH BeTBeA KonOHHbI, M.
npn hl:J
2,1 M fJ1y6HHa SaAeJIKH npHHHMaeTcSI 1:2 M.
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PIIC. 59.
'loUO.'uITlIbIe cJ>YHAaMeHTbI CGOpHbIX KOJIOHH
a - (j)YH,lI.aMeUT C p83BHTbJM 1JO,ll.KOJlOHHHKOM AnSI I\OnOlfUbI npSlMoyrOJlbliorO ce.
qenHR H ,D.syxBeTBesoA: 6 - TO >Ke. 4>YIf,ll.a MenT, COCTOHllI-ldt TOnbKO H3 nnHTlloA:
'Utc"fu; L - CT8K8H; 2 - KonOHua; 8 - nO,ll,KOJIOHIIHK; 4 - n.nHTuaH q8
Tb cPYIiJJ.,a..
MeHTa
fny6HHa sa,a,enKH KOJIOHHbl .nOJI}KHa TaK}Ke Yl
OBJIeTBOpSlTb Tpeoo-
BafIRIO aHKepOB({H npo.nOJ1bHOA pa60 t leH apMaTypbl KOJIOHHbI B 4>YHJla-
MeUTe (Ta6JI. 19).
,LlonycKaeTcfl YMeHbwaTb rJIy6uHY 3a.ne.'JKH pacTSlHYTblX CTep1KlleH:
a) eelIH OHli nOCTaBJ1eHbI C 3anaCOM no cpaBHeHHIO c paCtleTOM no
N a
npO'lHOC1'1l. YMHO}!{IIB SiIa1JeHHJI Ta6nHl.\bI Ha K03C}>cl>II11HeHT Ra Fa . IJO
npUHHMaTb He MeHee 3HaqeHHH 3a,neJIKH JlnSl c>KaToA apMaTypbl. 3Jlecb
tJ a - YCH,1Ine, KOTopoe JlOJI1KHO 6bITb BOcnpHHSlTO aHKepyeMbIMH paCTB-
fIYTbIMH CTep>KIUIMH no pacileTY;
Fa - nJlow.aj
b CeqeUIISI €}>aKTHtlecKH YCTaHOBneHHbIX allKepye1\1bIX pac..
TflUYTbtX CTep}l(iIetl;
76
T a () JI H n a 18
3H8qeHIle OTHOWeHIUJ
de
- (CM. pHC. 59. a)
hc
1\\HHHM8J1bH8S1 l"J1y6HH3 s8Aem<H C60pHhlX KonOHH
npSlMOYI"().I'1bHOI'O CeqeMHSI B 4YHA8MeHY hs
npn SHaqeHHH 5KClleHTpMCHTeTa npoAOJJbHOA CHJlbI eo
"JIM
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- (CM. pHC. 59, 6)
hs
2hK
>2h K
>0,5
I
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I
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<.0,5
<.h K
hK+
(hK -2d c ) (;: -2),
nplf1leM h K <.ha <.1 ,4h K
T 8 () JI H n a 19
l\IJlHHMaJlbHaR r JlY(SHHa S8AenKH pa(ioqeA
apMBTyphi KOJlOHHbI B t)YIIA8MeHTe
npH npoeKTHoA MapKe (SeTOHa KO.'10HII
KJl8CC
epM8Typhl
nonepeqJloe
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CeqeUHe KO,,'10HHbI
,..\300 II Bhlwe
paCTSlHY- !
ToR C>KaToA
pa
AHY- C>K8TOIt
.
n p Sll\{ oyrOJlb- I 25d 15d 20d IOd
Hoe
J
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....
J{BYXBeTBeBOC I
I
I
npBMoyrOcJ1b-
Hoe
30d J5d I 25d JOd
30d 18d I 25d I 15d
35d I 18d ! 30d I 15d
A..I)1
)loyxoeTBeooe
6) npn YCTpoACToe YCHneHIIA Ha KOlIll.aX 8HKepye
lblx CTep>KHeii
(n. 2.41 «6», «B» lIaCTOHUJ.ero PYKOBOJICTB8), HO npHHHM8Tb He Mellee
15d.
rJlY()HH8 S8,lleJJKH ABYXBeTBeBblX KonOHlI ,ll0JI>K1I8 T8K)Ke yAOBJIeT-
BOpBTb Tpe600aHHHM 8HKepOBKH paCTSlHYTOH BeTBH KOROHH
B CTaKaHe
cJ>YH,ll8MeHTa. ,[lOCT8T01JHOCTb aHKepOBKH neToH npOBepHeTCH p8CQeTOM
H8 cnenneHHe 6eTOHa no nROCKOCTBM KOHT8KTa 6erOH8 S8MOHOnHqHBa.
HAft c 6eTOHOM CTeHOK CT8K8H8 H C 6eTOHOM BeTBH
OJIOHHbI.
3.88. TORUJ.HHY AHa craK811a CJle.nyeT npllHHM8Tb no p8CqeTY, H oua
AOJl1KHa 6b1Tb He MeHee 200 MM. Mcxo.nfl H3 9Toro BblCOT8
YHAaMeHTa
77
oopHoA KonOHR!>I ,l(O.n>KHB 6bITb He MeHee rJIYOHHhl CT8KaHa, YBe.nl{tJe,H-
80M Ha 200 MM. ,
3.39. CTeHKH CT8KaHa AonYCK8eTCH He 8pMHpoBaTb
eCJIH TOnlnHH8
HX nOBepxy 6o.nee 200 MM H oo.nee 0,75 rJIy6HHhi CTaK8H8 (npH rJIy6ul,e
CT8Kalla MeHbUleit, tleM BbICOT8 nO,lLKo.noHHHK8, - (pHC. 59, a) HnH (SQ-
!L
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c:;:r
v/v'1
d
II
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1-1
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8MM
PRC. 60. ApMHpoBBHHe cT8KaHHoA Q8CTH <}>YH,llaMeHT8 C60PHOA KonOH-
HbI CBapHbIMlJ ceTKaMH (Ct)
J - c1JYH)l.aMeHT; 2 - KOJIOIIHa; 3 - npO.D.OJlbHasr apMaTypa OO;J.KOJlOHIIIU,a; 4-
oOnepetlH8S1 8pM8Typa nO,ll.KonOHHIiKa
T a 0 n H
a 20
THO KOJIoHHbI
»
MHHHM8JJbH811 TOJI
HHa CTeHKH CTaK8H8, pacno-
no
<eHHOn nepneHAHKynHpHo nnOCKOCTH AeAcTBHH
H3rH68
ero MOMeHT8 npH sKcqeHTpHChTeTe
npOAoJlbHOA CHnbI eo
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.
npBMoyronbH8g
I
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O,3h K
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OJ 2h 11
78
.nee 0,75 BbICOTbI BepxHeA cTyneHH cl>YH,naMeHTa (apa rnyoHHe CTaKaHa
60JlbWeH, qeM BblCOTa nOAKOJIOHHHKa, - pJlC. 59, 6).
ECJIH 3TH YCJIOBHH He COOJUo.n.aIOTCH. creHKII CTaKaHa CJ1e,nyeT ap-
MHpOBaTb no pHC. 60 nonepetjHoH H apo,nOJIbHOA apMaTypoii B COOTBeT...
CTBHH C paC'leToM. npH 9TOM TOJUIlHHa CTeHOK CTaKaHa AOJI>KHa 6hJTb
lIe MeHee 150 MM. KpoMe Toro, TOJIIIlHHa cTeHoK, pacnOJI01KeHHblX nep-
neH,llHKYJIHpHO nJIOCROCTH JleAcTBHH H3rHoaIOwero MOM:eHTa, AOJI>KUa
6bITb He Mellee BeJIHtjHH, YKa3aHHbIX B TaOJI. 20.
3.40. nonepetJHoe apMHpoBaHHe CTeHOK CTaKaHa c.ne,llyeT BbInOJIHJlTb
cBapHbIMH ceTKaMH C YHH
Hu.HpoBaHHbIM marOM. CTep>KHH STHX eeTOI<
pacnOJIaralOTCSI Y HapY>KHbIX H BHYTpeHHHx nJIOCKOCTeH CTeHOK. 11Ha-
MeTp cTeplKHeH ceTOK CJIe,nyeT npHHHMaTb no pactJeTY, HO He MeHee qeT-
.-
BepTH ,nHaMeTpa npOAOJJbHbIX CTep>KHeH nO,llKOnOHHHKa H BO Bcex CJ1Y-
'laHX He MeHee 8 MM.
ECnH Bepx CTeHOK CTaKaHa no paCqeTy HeOOXO,llHMO apMHpOBaTb
CHJIbHee, qeM B OCTa.nbHOH ero qaCTH, TO ,lJ.HaMeTp CTep1KHeli )J.BYX Bepx..
HHX ceTOK npHHIIMaeTCH YBeJ1HqeHHbIM, a war ceTOK coxpaHHeTCH. Pac-
CTOBHHe Me1K,ny ceTKaMH CJIeAyeT HaSHaqaTb He 60JIee tJeTBepTH rnyou-
UbI CTaKaHa H He oOJIee 200 MM.
nO,nKOJIOHHHK HH>Ke AHa CTaKaHa apMHpyeTcH B COOTBeTCTBHH C
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CeTKH KOCBeHHoro apMHpoBaHHH c.ne.LtyeT KOHCTpYHpoBaTb HS apMa.
TypbI Ktl18CCOB A-I, A-II. A-III, B..l H Bp-l, npHMeHHH .LtHaMeTpbI crepm-
HeB He C5o.nee 14 MM. PeKOMeH.nyeTcSI CBapHBaTb ceTKH HS CTep>KHeH Jl.H.
3MeTpoM 5-10 M!1, np.Hqe
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CeTKH .LtO.n>KHbI OblTb 50-100 MM. a DJIOUJ.aAH CeqeHHSI CTep1KHeA Ka eAR..
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Typa Uf\1feeTCH. AO.n1KHbl YCT8HaBJIHBaTbCH BHYTPU KOHTypa CCTOK.
J(ononHHTenbHye YKaaaHHH no KOHCTpYHpOBaHH
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3.54. PocTBepK OT .LtenbHoro cBaHHoro c}:>Ylf.LtaMeHTa B Malle pel{O-
MeH.nyeTCB npHHHMaTb B 3aBHC"
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yronbHoi{ c}:>OpMbI (CM. pliC. 48).
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MellleHlIB CB8H B l<YCTe, 8 TaK>Ke OblTb KpaTHblMlI 300 MM.
3.55. PaccToHHR
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C,JIe.nyeT npHHHMaTb He MeHee 100 :MM.
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Jl.oJ]}I{Ha ObITb He MeHee 250 MM.
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rRy6HHY 5lJ MM apMaTYPHble ceTKH nRHTbI pocTBepKa YKJIaAblBaIOTcH
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Ha paCCTOHIIHH He 60Ree 50 MM OT KpaSl pocTBepKa.
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np1lMoyrOJlbHaH, ABYT8BpOBaH, KpyrnaH (cnJIOIDHaH H nORaH).
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MeHAanlIH no KOHCTpYHpoBaHlllo I{OTOPbIX H3RaralOTCSl I11f)Ke.
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paJIbHO, a npHl\loyroRbHaH HJIH ,nBYXBeTBeBaH - npH HaRH'lHII B CeqeHHH
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qaCTH. B Ha.LtKpaHOBOH 'Iacm K0J10HHhI MorYT npH Ile06xo,llHMOCTH YCT-
paHB8TbCH npoeMbI ARH npOXO.Lta, KOTopbIe AO..'1>KHbl OhITb pa3MepOM He
MeHee 400X 1800 MM.
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nOUHbf HJlM 500 800 '900 ' t I l\aJl
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200 XX XX XX
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300 X XX
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2. npH BblCOTe npHMoyrOJIbHOrO CeqeHHSI KOJ1OHHbl 1000 MY II 6oJ1e8
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»blCOTe KOJIOtlHbI 60JIee 12-14 M peKOMeH,lI.yeTcSI KOHCTpYHpoBaTb .nBY:X-
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paClIeTOM H AOJI1KHa Y JJ.O&fJeTBOpHTb Tpe60BaHHSlM n. 3.8 HaCTOJImerO
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Typa KOHCTpYHpyeTcH H3 CTep>KHefi pa3Horo AHaMeTpa, .nonycKaeTcH
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6)
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t i
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6)
h 2
f
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100
h 1
,
N
PI4C. 71 CxeMa YCTPOHCT"
sa CTbU:OB np0)1onhtlblX
CTep>KtleU
JOHonHTHbiX
KOJIOlltl MHOr09Ta}KHbIX
S,n8H.HH
a - UPH O,lUIH8KOBOM CeqeHIUI
KOJJOtlH BepXHero u lunKHero
9T8 >KeA; 6 - npo Ife3lf8qlt-
Te..1I>1I0M P83J1HqItH B ceqeltu-
JlX KOOl'IOHIi BepXHero It Itu)t(-
Ifero 9T8>KcA; 8 - npu peaKOM
pS3JlU'lHH B CeqelJHAX KOJlOHIt
Bepxnero II IlH}KlferO 9T8>KCft
B MHOr09Ta>KHbIX MOtlOJIHTHblX KOnOHtl3X CTblKH CJIel1YeT YCTpall-
...
BaTh Ha ypOBtle BepX3 nepeKpbITHH C nOMomhlO BblnYCKOB no 8H8noruu
C BhlnYCKaMH U3 <»YH,naMeHTOB (C),f. nn. 3.45; 3.46 lIaCTOHmero PYKO-
BO
CTB3).. npH BhlCOTe STa)Ka Mellee 3.6 M HJIH npu npo;J.onbHofi apMa..
Type d
28 Mft.f CTblKU peKOMeHl1yeTcH YCTP3HB3Tb llepe3 9Ta>K.
BblnYCKH CTep>KHeH 113 KonOHHhI C 60.fJbWHM nonepellHbIft.f celleHHeM
HH>KHerO 9Ta>Ka D KOJIOHHY C MeHhWHM nOnepellHbI)'f CeqeHUeM BepXHero
9Ta>K8 peKOMeH)1yeTcH ocymeCTB.fJHTh B COOTBeTCTBHH C pUC. 71. nplI
9TOM nepeBO,n crep>KHeH H3 Ol1HOrO 9Ta>K3 KOJIOHHbl B JtpyroA ocymecT-
BJIHeTCJI nyreM l-IX OTrHoa C YKJlOHOM He 6oJ1ee J : 6 (puc. 71, a. 6). tJacTb
CTep>KHeii KonOHHhI HU1KHerO 9Ta>K3 M01KeT 6h1Tb )10seJ).eHa J{O Bepxa
nepeKpblTIISI (puc. 71. 6) U He SaBO)1HThCSl B KonOHHY BepXHero 9T8>K8,
eCJIH OHa TaM He HY>KHa no paClleTY. B CJIYllae pe8KOH paSHHltbl B ceqe..
93
I u
HHHX KOJIOHH BepXHerO II HH}l{Hero 3Ta>KeH BblnYCKH CJIe.nyeT yc.rpaH'"
BaTb YCTaHOBI<OH CneUU3.'IbHbIX C.rep>KHeH B KO.'IHqeCTBe, Heo6xO,nHMOM
1I.JIH KOJIOHHbI BepXHerO 31a>Ka (pHC. 71, 8).
f.'IYOHHa 3a,nenl<H (.n
nHHa aHI<epOBKH) paOOqeH npo,nOJIbHOfI apMaTY-
pbI B KonOHHe HH>KHerO 3Ta>Ka ,non>KH3 UbITb He MeHee TpeuyeMoil n. 2.40,
a BenMqHHa Jl3XJleCTI{H CTep>KHeH B CTbIl<e - n. 2.46 HaCTOj1J.ll.ero PYKO'"
BO,nCTBa.
3.68. PacCToHHHe MeX{,ny OCSlMH CTep>KHeH npoJtOJIbHOH apMaTypbI
KO.'IOHH 110..TI>I\HO npHHHMaTbCH He 60nee 400 MM.
npH paCCTOHHHH Me>KJI.Y paUOqHMH CTepLKHHMH uo..TIee 400 MM Me>K,ny
HHM" HeOUXo.l(HMO yc'caHaB..TIHBaTb KOHCTPYKTHBHble CTep}I{HH AH3MeT-
pOM He MeHee 12 MM, C 'reM qTo6bl paCCTOHHHH Me>KAY npo.no..TJbHbIMH
CTep}l{H
MH 6b1.'IH He uonee 400 MM.
Pacc:rOSlHHe B CBeTY 1\rle:m,ny np0110JIbHbIMH CTep1KHHMH c..TIe.nyeT
Ha3H3tIa'Cb He MeHee 30 MM B C60PHbIX Ko..TIOHHaX, He MeHee 50 MM B
MOIIO..TIH'CHbiX KonOHH8x Ii B 060HX c..TIyqaHX He MeHee ,lJ.HaMeTpa CTep>l{HSI.
3.69. KOHCTpYKI.J.HSJ nOnepetIHOH apMa'fypbl .lI.O..TI}I<Ha ooeC,netIHBBTb
s8Kpen..TIeHHe C>KaTbIX CTep>KHeM OT ux uOKoBoro BblnyqHBaHHH B ..TII06oM
HanpaBJIeHHH.
nOnepeQHBSI apMa.'rypa 110JI>KHa YCTaHaB..TIBBaTbCfl y B
ex nOBepx-
HocTeH RO..TJOHHb1, B6.'IH3H KO'COPblX c'caBBTCSI npo,no..TIbHaH apM8Typa.
A..TIH o6pa30BBHHH npocTpBnc'cBeHHoro KapI<aCa nJIOCI<He cBapHbIe
ceTKH, pacnOJJO>KeHHble y npO'fHBOnOJlO>KHbIX rpaHeii KO..TIOHHbI, .nOJI>KHbI
2 1
JOOl:h
500
1
V,)
'oJ1
oC)
-.JI
600
h f 1000
1
600
h
1000
2
1
():)
'"
rQ
,
t::::;)
1200'h'f500
o
5
PIIC. 72. npHMCpbl apMMpOB3HHH ceqeludi KO..TIOHH C pel{OMeH.nyeMbIM
IlIiCJIOM CTep}l{HeM CBapHbIMlf ceTI<aMlf
1- cnapHaSl ceTK8; 2 - CBapHaS1 ceTK8 "Jill coe,nHHHTeJ1bHbTR CTep>KeHb; 3 - coe-
Jl.ItHHTeJtbHbIA CTep}KeHb (rnnH.nbKa); 4 - XOMy-r; fj - OT,nenbllblC CTep>KIIH "PO-
1.I.OJIbHoit apM8TypbI; 6 - nonepe"IH8st apM8Typa B BRAe cn8pHoA ceTKH
94
6b1Tb COel1JIHeHbI ,npyr C .npyroM nOnepeqHblMH CTep>KtISIMH, npHBapHBa-
eMblMH KOHT8KTHOH TOqellHOH CBapl{OH K yr..TIOBblld npO,lI.OJIbHblM CTepm-
HJlM CeTOK, H..TIH WnHJIbKaMH, CBSl3b1B8101I.J.HMH 9TH CTep>KHH.
Ec.lJH CeTI{JI npOTHBOn0J10>KHbIX rpaHeii I{O..TIOIIHbI HMelOT npOMe}l{Y-
TOllHble npO,lI.OJIbHb1e CTep>KtJH, TO nOCJle.LJ.HHe nO Kp8HHeH Mepe qepea OAHH
H He pe>Ke qeM Qepe3 400 MM no wHpHHe rp8uH 110..TI>KHbI CBSl3bIBaTb
ft
Me>K,lI.y COOOH npH nOMOlllH mGHneK. llInH.lJbKH ,nonYCKaeTCH He CT8BU P fh
npH WHpHtIe ,lI.8HHOH rpaHH KOJIOHtIbl 500 MM If MeHee, ecnH qHC.lJO npo.
! JOO'=h
500 !
r: I. : 3
! 600"h'=800 !
! 600 '= h '= fOOD
f([
I
ha
1200'h
1500
hx
I-
}hx"2/J h Q
J
PIIC. 73. npHMepb1 apMHpoBaHHR CeqeHHM I{O..TIOHII C pel{OMeH.nyeM'bIM
QHC.lJOM CTep>KHeH BH3aHblMH l{apKaCa
1H
AO.lJbHblX CTep>KHeM Y STOM rpaHH He npeBblwaeT IleTbIpex. npn 66.lJbUIHX
pa3Mepax nOnepeqHOrO CeqeHlISi KO.lJOtIHbI KpOMe ceTOK, pacnOJIaraeMblX Y
rpatIeM, peROMeU,lI.yeTcH YCTaHaB..TIHB8Tb npOMe>KYTOqHble CBapHb1e ceTKH.
npIfMepbI 8pMupOBaHHSI CeqeHMH KonOHH CBapHblMH CeTI{8MH nOKa.
saHbI Ha pur. 72.
I<OHCTPYKI.J.IfH BH3aHhIX XOl\1YTOB I{O..TIOHH lJ,o.n>KtIa 6b1Tb TaKoB8, 'lTO-
(jbl npO,lI.OJIbHb1e CTep}I{HH (no l{p8iiHeii Mepe Qepe3 O,lI.HH) pacno..TIaraJIHCb
B MeCTax neperH6a XOMYTOB, 8 STH neperH6bI - tIa paCCTOHHHD He 60-
nee 400 MM no ll1HpUHe CeqetIHH KOJIOHHbl. TIp" wHpHHe rpaHIf He 6o.nee
400 MM B qHc..TIe npoAo..TIbHb1X CTep>KHeM Y STOM rpaHH He 6oJ1ee qeTbJpeX
D.OnYCKaeTCR OXB8T Bcex np0.l(O.lJbHblX CTep>KHeii O.LJ.HH
f XO
fYTOM.
npUMepbI 8prvlHpOBaHHH CeqeUIfH I{OJIOHtI BH38HOii apM8Typoii IlpH-
Be.aeHb1 H8 pne. 73.
3.70. ,Uu8MeTpbI CTep>KHeM nonepetlHoii apM8Typbl B 38BHCHMOCTH
OT KOUCTPYKUllH apMaTyptIOrO KapKac8 H ,lI.HaMeTpoB npo,no.lJhHbIX cTep-
:mHeii CJIe.nyeT npHHHM8Th He MeHee yK83atlHblX B T86Jl. 24. )lllaMeTp
95
Ta6nHu.a 24
..
KOHCTPYK1l.HH HaUMeHbWHR AonYC}(8eMbl9 AHaMeTp, MM. CT
p>Klle9 nOnepe4HOA
apM8Typbl npll AII8MeTpe npoAOnbllbiX CTCp>KHeR. MM
napKaca
12 16 18 20 22 25 t 28 32 I 36 I 40
---
.
CB3pnoff 3 4 5 5 6 8 8 8 10 10
BR33HbIH 5 5 5 5 6 8 8 8 10 10
V cnOBIiSl pa()OTb1
oonepe'JlloD apMaTYPbl
CsapIlOH KapKac:
npH Ra.c
4000 KfC/CM 2
Bini Ra.e
4500 J\fc/cM 2
BB3ctHbIif KapKac:
np" Ra.c
4000 Krc/cM 2
liP" Ra.c
4500 Krc/cM 2
CnapHofl H BHsa..
lu
i1 t{apKaC npH
J.
30/o
CaapHofi H BR3a-
awn KapKac Ha
Y
lacTKe CTbU(a
npoaonbHOH apMa-
TYP
BH3xneCTKY
6e:; Caapl(H
Ta6nH
a 25
PeKoMenAyeMwe paccTOSlIIIIH. MM. Me>KA}' CTep>KIlHMH
nonepetUIOn apMC1Typbl Konollll "pn AHaMeTpe npoAonb-
HbiX C>K8ThlX CTep1KHeR. MM
..
12 , 16 I 18 I 20 I 22 I 25 I 28 I 32 I 36 I 40
.
250 300 350 400 450 500 500 500 500 500
150 250 250 300 350 350 400 400 400 400
150 250 250 300 350 350 400 450 500 500
150 200 200 250 250 300 350 400 400 400
100 150 150 200 200 250 250 300 800 300
100 150 150 200 200 250 250 300 350 -
n fJ Ii Me 11 a fI H H: 1. llinHJlbKH A.lJSI coe,lUIHeHHR CBapHblX CeTOK 8
.
8pKac yc.raHaUJIHBaIOTCH C W3rOM, npHHSlTb1M .nnD nOnepeqHblX CTep"
lKHeii ceTOK.
2. DpH BbJqHCJJeHHH npoueHTa apMHpoBaHHSI J.t. Y'lHTbIBaeTCH o6Ulee
lIac
w.eHHe CeqeHIfH K0J10HHbI npo.nOJ1bllOif apM8TypoA.
3. Ecnu Ce1leHUe ap
fHpoBaHo npo)J.OJ1bHbIMH CTep>KHSlMH pa3Horo AHa..
1,1eTpa t TO pacc.rOHHHe Me>K.n.y nOnepeqHOH apMaTypoA Ha3HaQaeTCJl no
iCHbWeMY JI3 HlJX.
4. npH H33HaqeHHH paccToSlHHH Me1KAY CTep)KHHMI
nonepeqHofi ap..
M8J'ypbl paspernaeTCfl He npHHHMaTb BO BHHMaHHe npOAOJlbHble cTep4
-.
JRtlll).. He YIJHTb1BaeMble p8C1IeTOM, eCJ1H AHaMeTp 9THX CTep>KHeH He
DpeBblwaeT 12 MM It He 6oJ1ee nOJlOBmtbl TOJlU{HHbl 38lItHTHOrO CJ10B
(}e70Ha.
96
nonepeqHoA apMaTypbl Ha3HaqaeTCH no H3116o.nbweMY DJfaMeTpy "PO-
AOJlbHOA apM3'Typbl B CeqeHHH KOJIOHHbJ. _
3.71. PaccToHHHH &le>KAY nonepellHoii apMaTypoH Y Ka>K,aoH rpaliH
J(OJJOHIlbi ,nOJI)KHbI HaSllallaTbCH:
np" Ra.c
4000 KfC/CM¥- He 60Jlee 500 MM II tIe ()oJIee 20d "PH
CBapHhlX KapK8cax H.fJH 15 d npH BSlsaHblX;
npH Ra.c ==4500 Krc/cM! H Ra.c = 5000 Krc/c
12 -- lie 60.fJee 400 MM
II He 60nee 15 d np" CBapHhJX KapK8cax IIJIH 12 d npH BH3aHblX, rD-e d
u u
It8HMeHbllIHH AH8MeTp C>KaTblX np0l(OnbHblX CTep)I{Hea.
B KonOHHax C HaCblllleHHeM npo-
)l.O.'IbHOii 8pM8TypOit 60Jlee 3% no-
nepe'lH8H apMaTyp3 Aon>KHa YCTa.
HaBJIHBaTbCB C warOM He 60nee 10d
H fie oO,,'lee 300 ltfM. XOMYTbI B 9TOM
cnY\lae AO.nH<Hbl npitBapHB8TbCSI K
npo
",onbHbIM cTep>KHHM.
B CTblKax npOAOJlbtIoii pa60QeH
apMaTypbI BHax.rlecTKY 6es cBapKIf
Ne3aBHCHMO OT Toro, apMHpyeTcB JIH
K0J10HHa CBapHbIMH HnH BSlsaHbIMH
K3pl<acaMH, peKoMeHAyeTcB npHMe..
HH"rb XOMYTht. PaCC"fOHHl-ui Me1KAY
XOMVT8MH B SOHe CTblKa J10Jl1KHbl
6bITb He 60nee 10 d.
3.Aecb d - AHaMeTp C}KaTblX
npO){OJIbHblX cTep>KtIeD pa6oQeO ap4
MaTypbl (!tteiIbwHH).
PeKoMeHAyeMble paCCTOBtIHR
Me>K.u.y CTep)KIISlMH oonepeqHoA 8p.
M81'YPbI KO
flOHH npOSeD-eHbl B
Ta6ll.25.
3.72. npH KOHCTpyupoBauHH KO"
.,
nonu C nOnepellHOIi apMaTypoH B
BIfAe COMpanH. yqUTblBaeMoA B pac.. 4 C
PUC. 1. xeMa apMHpOBaHH.R
qeTC KaK I{OCBeHHOe apMHpOBaHHe .,
(paCqeT no HAPY CeqeIlHB), 110JI)f(HhI KonoHtI
nOnepeQHOH ap
taTY'"
co6
rtJOAaTbcSl cneAYIOU1He ycnOBIIR pOll B Bu.ne CnHpaJIH
(pllC, 74):
aJ clIHpa.fJU B nnaHe AOJl>KHhI OblTb l{pyrJIbJMM;
.0) paccToHHHSI Me.IK.n.y BItTKaMH CnHp8JIIt B OCSlX .nO.fJ}KHbI ObJTb lIe
Mt-Bee 40 MM, He 60JIee 1/5 .AHaMeTpa CeqeHHH fIl1pa KOJIOHHbl t OXBaqeH-
IIHfO CnJfpaJIblO, If He 60llee 100 MM;
B) CnHpaJIIf .lI-O.'I}KHbI OXBaThlBaTb BCIO pa601JYlo npo,nOJIbHYlO apMa-
Typy;
r) ,l(H8MeTp H8BHBI{H cnHpa.nH Du ,JJ.OJI>KeH 6LITb He Menee 200 MM.
t:
t::) 1--.
'JI
(::)
tI) If::)
'\1/
"\'
f::::t
tI)
JJ R
JJ
AOnOJlHHTeJlbHble YK8saHltJl no KOHCTPYUPOS8HHIO
ABYXBeTBeBblX K0J10HH
3.73. ,QByxaeTBeBble KonOJlHbI peKOMeHAyeTcH KOHCTpYltpOBa#rb C
p
cnopKaMH. P8CCTOHHMH Me>KAY OCSlMH pacnopoK lIe .AOJUKHbI npeB!JI.-
WSPfh (8-12)h B , rAe It D - MellbwHii 'p83Mep nOnepeIJHOrO Ce1JeHHH BeTSR.
7-661
91
PeKOMeH,nyeTcSI npHHH
aTb o,nHHal{OBbJe paCCTORHIUI Me>K,ny OCSlMH pac.
nopOK.
npH HeOUXO
HMOCTU YCTpOMCTBa npoxo,na B ypOBHe nona paCCTOSl-
IIHe OT 'IUCTOrO nOJIa .no HH3a nepBoii Ha,n::JeMHOH pacnopKH ,nOlUKHO 6bJTb
He MeHee 1,8 M.
I-fa HH>KHeM KOHue J1ByxB'eT-
BeBofr I<O..'lOHHbI pacnopKY peKo-
MeH,lJ.yeTcH YCTpauBa-cb HH.>Ke
ypOBHR nona. npH Ha3Ha1JeHHH
npHBSl31{H 9TOM pacnopKU tleo6..
XOAUMO yq"T
BaTb y
'OBHB
YHH<}>IIKau:U" <}>OPM, TpaHcnop-CH-
pOBKH " MOHT8>Ka KO..TIOtlH. Pe-
I{OMeH,nyeTcSI IIU>KHHe rpaHU pac-
nopKU H BeTBe" COBMemaTb.
BblCO"fY CeqeHHH pacnopKH
pel{OMeHJ1yeTcR npHHHMaTb paB-
HOH:
a) pSIJI.OBOM - (1-2)h n ;
6) BepXtIeM (B MeCTe nepe-
xOJJ.a C JJ.BYX BeTBeH Ha OAHY) -
tIe MeHee y,nBoeHHOM BbiCOTb( ce-
'IeHUR pRnOBOH pacnopKH;
B) tlH}I{He.ff (pacnonaraeMOH
B npe.ne..TIax CTaK8Ha <}>YH.L1.aMeH-
Ta) - He MeHee 200 MM.
IIInpMHY Ce'leHHB pacnopOK
"
cne.u.yeT npHHMM8Tb paBHon Illn..
pUHe BeTBH.
3.74. npO.l1onbHaH apMaTypa
pacnopoK, ecJIH o6e BeTBH Ko-
JlOHHbl C>K8Tbl, npHHMMaeTcH CMM-
MeTpH'IHoH. ECJIH no pac1JeTY o,n-
--
Ha HS BefDeH pacTHHyra, apMu-
!,oB8HHe npHHHMaeTcH HecHMMeT-
pH'IIIblM. npO.ll.MbHble C"fep>KHn
pacnopoK JJ.OJI>KHbI 6b1Tb saaHKe-
peHbI B 6eTOHe Be-caeA' B COOTBeT-
CTBHM C nn. 2.40 HnH 2.41 Hac-co-
HllIaerO PYKOBo.n.CTBa. ,l{onYCKBer-
CSI aHKepODKY Bb1nOlJtIJlTb no
pHC. 26.
3.75. B ysnax COnpH>KeHHH
.,
pH,lI.OBOM pacnopKH C BeTBHMH
(pHC. 75)
J)e}J.yeT YCTaH<tMH-
BaTb ,lI.OnOnHMTenbHYlo apM8TYPY
B BH,ne CB8pHblX ceTOK H.lJH XOMY"
TOB B CO'le1 atl"H C KOpOTKMMH
Bep-cHKa..TIbHblMH CTep>KHHMH'. Ctvr...
KH YCTaHaBnnB3JOTcH B nJIOCKO:'
C-CHX nonepetJHoH Bep"fHKanLHoH
apMa-rypbl KapKaca pacnopKH.
nOnepe'lHble c.cep>KIIH KapKa-
--
COB BeTBeH B npeD.e.n8:X p
cnopKH
,nOJI>KHbI coxpaHHTbCfl. EcnH OHH
a) Lan
t
J!
1-1
J
2
oj f lQH i
II
.& ;c-2
If
A'f
I
V
/
/ ..:>
:;..-
,.
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1
21-
J:?
'2 lj
2 2
R
6
PHC. 75. KOHCTpYHpOBaHHe conpH-
>KeHHH npOMe}l{YTOtJHOH pacnopKH
C Be-rBbIO ,JJ.B YXBeTBeBOH I{O.lJOHHbI
a - apMHpOB8Hlle cnapHblMH Kapn8c8MII;
6 -- TO )J{e, DB3aHott apM8TypoA; 1 - ap-
M8Typa paCnOpl<H; 2 - apM8Typa BeTBH;
3 - AOnOJIIUITeJIbllble CDapHbJe CeTI<lt; 4-
,nODOJIIJHTeJJhHble XOMYThl; 5 - .nonOJIHH-
reJlbin
e nonepe'JJlble CTep>KHH (wnHnbKH)
98
McwalOT YCT8HOBKe apMa-rypbl p8CnOpKH, HX CJleAYeT BbIpe3aTh H SaTeM
SaMeHBTb wnH.'1bKaMM.
3.76. BepxHSlH pacnopl<a apMHpyercH (pMC. 76) p36o
leA npoJJ.onhHoA:
apM8TypOH, pacnOnaI'aeMOH no BepxHeA U HH>KHeA rp3HRM pacnopKH, a
TaK>Ke oTfM6aMH, ropH30H.ca.lJbHOH M BepTHI<a.lJbHOH nonepeqHoA apMaTY"
pOH (cTep}l{HH H,,'lM XOMYTbI).
1
J
A
/
., 6
A "A
.. .. - "
.I
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PRC. 76. KOHCTpYUpoB8HHe COnpSl}KeHIUI BepxHeH pacnopKH C oeTBLIO
Kp8HOBOH
ByxBe-rBeBoH KO
OHH
cpeJJ.Hero pSlJJ.a
I - apM8Typa HaJl.Kp8HoBOA seTBH; 2 - 8pM8Typ8 nOAKp8HOBOA BeTBH: 3 - DepT..
KallbH8H apN8Typa p8cnopKH (war He 60Jlee 200 MM); 4 - ropl1301lTa.nbHast apMa"
TYpa p8cnopKH; 5 - oTI"n6bl pacnopKH; 6 - OTflt()bl nOKpaHoBoA KOJICOJIIf; 1 - CeT.
KII KocBeHHoA apM8TYPbl
IHar ropH30HTBJlbflbIX nOnepeqHblX CTepJK
eH H.lJH XOMYTOB B Bepx-
ileA pacnopl<e CJie
yeT fTpMHHMa-rb He 6oJ1ee 150 MM H He 60nee 1/. ee BbI
COTIIl, 8 war BepTHK8.lJbHblX CTep}KHei.t H.'111 XOMYTOB - He 60.lJee 200 MM.
CYMM8PH3H n.lJow.a.Ab ropH30HT8JIbHblX XOMY'COB ,nO.lJ>KHa 6b1Tb He Mellee
O,OOIl1h o , rAe ho - pa60tJaSl BbICOT8 CeQeHHlI p8cnopKH, a b - WHpuua
CetleHHB p8cnopKH. O-rfH6b1 B pacnopl<e ,lI.O.lJ>KHbI nepeceKaTb HH>KHIOIO
nOJlOBHHY H3KJIOHHOH nHHHH AB, HAyw.eii OT yrJla npHMblI<aHHSI Ha,aKonOH-
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3.77. npH YCTpoHcTBe npoeMa B HaJJ.KpaHoBoH Q8CTH KonOHHN ero
u
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H
A AO..'1)KeH OhlTb He MeHee 16 MM.
KOHCOJ1H KOJlOHH
3.78. KQHCOJJH B KonOHHax YCTpaHB810T C nenblO C03A8HHR Heo6xo-
It
ARMon n.1J01l(a.AKH AJISI onHpaHHSI pa3JIUQHblX npHMbIK810ntHX K KOJlOHHe
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B CJlYlIae eCJIU I{OHCOJIH tJa K0J10HHe HeooXOAHMO paCnOnO>KHTb B nepneH-
l1RKYJlSJpHb I X nJlOCI{OCT}IX H
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PHC. 77. KopoTKHe KOHCMH KonOHHbI
IJ - npJlMoyroJlhH8J1 KOIICOJlb; 6 - KOHCOJJb C BYTOM
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neTCTByJOlltHe aaKJIaJl.Hble J1.eTanH AnSI HX KpenJleHHSI..
npn BblJleTe 100-150 MM KOHconb MO)KeT He HMeTb BYTa H KOHCT-
PYHpOBaTbCJI npJlMoyronbHoH (pHC. 77, a). npH BblneTe (joJIee 150 MM
kOHCOJIb AOJI>KHa HMerb BYT C yrnoM HaKJlOHa a
npHHHMaeMbJAt, KaK
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MaTypa Ha3HaQaJOTCB no paC'IeTY. ROHconH apMHpYIOTCB nOnepeqHOM H
npo.n.OJ1bHOA apMaTypoit
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saHblX KapKacax ROJIOHH KOHCTpYHpyeTcfI CJ1eJl.YIOIUHM 06pa30M
(puc. 78):
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npH h>3,5a H Q
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80 BCex cnyqafIX mar XOMYTOB 1l0n>KeH 6blTb He (jonee h/4 H He 60-
nee 150 MM; .lJ.HaMeTp OTortJYTblX c-rep>KHeii J1.0n)KeH (jblTb He 60nee 1/15
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100
puc. 78,6), nepeceKalolllHx BepXHIOIO no,fIOBIlHY JUII-IHII .nJUIUOH I, COe,iJ.H-
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MH XOMYTaMH; 1 - 1<8pKaC KO.nOHHbI;
2 - l1PoAOJILliaH pa6o'Jaft apM8Typa
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3.80. OTrll6bI B KOp01'IUJX l\onconBX peKOMeHD.yeTcR n3npaa,1BTb "3
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IIJOM BblJleTe IiJlH npH 60JlblllOii BbICOTe KOllCOnll ,nOnYCKae'fCB Ae.,'laTb
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Y cBo60JJ.Horo KOHna KOHCOJIH TaK>Ke He06xo.nHMO npeAycMa'rpHBaTb
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103
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v
HUfl CTep>KlleH, AOBOAHMblX AO onopbl HS Ka1KJ(oro nponera B OT}:leJ1bHO-
CTUt TO CTep>KIUI 9TH CTblKYIOTC.H Ha onope BHalUJecTKY oe3 CBapKH, npH-
qeM CTblK OCYllteCTBJ1fleTC.H B OAHOM CeqeHUH, a .nJJHH8 BaXJIecTKH npHIIH-
MaeTCH B COOTBeTCTBHH C n. 2.46 HaCTOJlll1erO PyKoBoJtCTBa;
ecJII{ celieHue ,ltOBO,RHMOH AO onopbl npOJleTHoii apM8TyphT HeAOCTa-
TOqUO. 'I'O CJIe,ztyeT BbinOnH.HTb ee CTblK BHaXJ1ecrKY H ,ltOoaBRflTb KOpOTbl"
il f II, nJlow.a,nb cetJeHIlfl KOTOpbIX HaSHaqaeTCH no paCqeTY. KOpOTbflUlt
112
3anYCK81OTCSI B K8}K
blj" npOneT Ha lie I or OCI{ onopbl Hnli lIa
/a I OT
rpaHH onopbl (oepeTCH OOJIbWaH se..T]HIlHH8). -.
3.103. ApMHpoB8HHe onop .rnaBHbIX 6aJlOK tvIOHOJII
THbiX nepeKpbl'fH"
cn8pHoft 8pMaTypoH peKoMeH.nyeTcR BbinOnIJ.HTb .cnenHa'lbHb1MH Bep1'U-
KallbHblMIf ceTK8MH no Tuny. nOK8s8HHOMY H8 pHC. 88.
CxeM8 apMHpOB8HHJI rn8BHblX t5aJIOK OT,neJIbHblMH CTep>KIfHMH 8113-
JiOfHIJH8 cxeMe apMHpOB8HHft BTopOCTenef1I1b1X ()8J10K, nOKa38lfnoti 113
pRc.87.
Q}
1
r-t,
t
1-1
-
2
1 50
W-
l
./
0) r1
nO pac"em
, HD 2-2
He ",'Hee 1 J l 2 1
2
0,5 Fon
d2
o.5d, d,
f.,
------,
PHC. 88. ApMJ.'pOBaJlHe ooop "101l0i1HTllb1X rJl3BIILIX 6a&1101( ceapnblMH
CeTI(aMII
a - Cpe,AHHft onopa; 6 - ({PORIIHH onopa; / - ITpOJ1el'uaS:l ceTKa; 2-ono!>uo)1 ceTK8;
i J - 110 POCIlCTY. ISO He MCItCe l/sI; t, - 110 paCqeTY.. tlO ne MeJlee 1/.1
3.104. Y 60K08b1X noeepxHOCTeii 6a..J10K BbiCOTOH nonepelfHoro celle-
HHfl 60nee 700 MM .lI.0n}l(Hbi CT8BHTbCSI KOIICTPYKTJiBHbIe npo.nOJIbUbie
CTep>KUIJ C p8CCTOJlHHJlMH Me)K.ny HJIMH no BblCOTe He 60nee 400 MM II
nnOWB/.lbIO Ce'leHHJI He MeHee 0. I % nnO,UlaAH Ce1JellJIfl 6eTOH8 C p83Mepa-
MH J paBHbIMH: no BbiCOTe 3JIe"1eHT8 - paCCTOHHUIO Me>K.ny 9TIIMIJ CTep>K-
HHMH, no WHpHHe 9.,'1eMeHTa - nOJIOBHHe WHpHHbl pe6pa 3J1eMeHT3,
HO He 60JIee 200 MM (puc. 89). 3TH Crep}KHH .llon>KHbI Coe.llUHHTbCJI
WDHnbK8Mlf AH8MeTpoM 6-8 MM us apMaTypbl KnaCC8 A..I C W8rOM
500 M M no .lI.nHHe 6aJlKH.
3.105. BepTHK8nbH
JI nonepetJH8H 8pMaTypa B 6anK8x H pe6pax Bbl.
COToii 60nee 150 MM AOn}KH8 YCT8H8BnHB8TbCfl BcerA8. B 6a.1K8x u pe6.
pax BbiCOTOH 150 MM H MeHee ,ltonYCKaeTCR nOnepellHYtO apMaTYPY IIC
ycraHaBnHBaTb.
nonepcl.II1YIO 8PM8TYPY AonYCK8eTCR lie CTaBJiTh y rpaHeH TOIlKHX
pe6ep u 6a.JlOK WHpHHOf.i 150 MM H MeHee, no wHpHue KOTOphIX pacIIo-
8-661
113
a) 2 6) 2
f5 f5
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Pec. 89. P83Mew.eHHe KOHCTPYKTHBHblX npOt{OJIbHblX crep>KHeii Y 60K3-
BblX' rp8HeH B nOnepe'lHOM CeqeHHH C58JIKH
a -- npH BRSOHOA 8pM8Type; 6 - npH cBapHoA 8pM8Type; 1- npoAonbH8J1 pa60 4
,{8J1 apMaTypa; 2 - npO,D.OnbHaR MOHTa1KH8R 0PMOTYpO; 8 - npOAoJIhHh1A KOH<\TPYK"
THBHLIA cTep1KeHb nnow.OAhlO nOnepetlHOrO CeqeHHR f a . R
O,OO I b'h'; 4-wnHnhKH
HJlH nOnepe'iHhle CTepJKHH, d-6-8 Mt.!
Jlar8eTCJI nHWb Ot{HH npo.nonbHhIH CTep}l(eHb linn CBapH8J1 CeTK8. npH
91'01\1 AOn1KHbI C5b1Tb 06ecneQeHbI Tpe6oB8HHJI p8CQeT8 t H3n01KeHHble B
11. 3.36 rnaBbi CHHn 11-21-75. .
3.106. AH8MeTP nOnepe1lHhIX CTep)KHeit B CBapHbIX CeTK8X H K8PK8-
cax ()aJlOK npHHHMaeTCR no pacqeTY. npH 9TOM ne06XOAHMO yqHTblB8TL
}'CJ10BHR cnapKU COrJI8CHO Ta6n. 4.
,AH8MeTp XOMYTOB B BH38HbIX KapK8cax 6anoK npnHHMaeTCB no p8C-
qeTY n JtonlKeH 6b1Tb He MeHee: 6 Ml'& npH h
800 MM; 8 Ml'& npH h>
>800 M
f.
" npn STOM K8K B CB8plIbIX, TaK Ii B BH38HbIX KapK8cax AH8MeTp npo4
.nOJIbHblX CTep1KHeH Jton}l(eH 6b1Tb He MeHee JtHaMeTpa nOnepe'lHblx.
3.107. P8CCTOSUfHB MeJKJty BepTHKaJ1bHbIMH nOnepeQHblMH CTep>KIUI4
1\18 Hnu XOMYTaMH B CSanK8X J He HMeJOJIJ.HX OTorHYTOH apMaTypbl, B C"JIY-
114
qaRX KOr
a nOnepeqHaR apM3Typa Tpe6yercR no pacqery nH
O no KOH-
CTPYKTHBHhlM C006pa>KeflIUIM, YK83aHHblM B n. 3.105 HaCTOHIl{erO PYKO.
Bo,nCTBa,
On1KHbI 6mb lIe MeHee TpeC5yeMbIx paCqeTOM H npHHHMaTbCR
(CM. pDC. 90):
a) lIa npDonopHblx yqaCTKaX (p8BHbIX npH paBHoMepHoH HarpysKe
II" nponera, a npH COCpe.llOTOqeHHhIX H8rpY3Kax - paccToRHHIO OT onopbI
o 6nHlKaiiwero rpY3a, HO He Mellee 1/. nponeTa):
JOO
h '1.;50
,
fllit u t t
U t U
3
Ion
Lon
150
l1tl:fl2h j 500
uz 'JII./h
h>
1/50 .. -A_
v
li 2 U,
r-rt
,
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500
u 'JllJh A'
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ton
500
u," f/Jh J
2
PHC. 90. PaCIlOn01KeHHe uOnepeIJHOH apMaTYpbl B 6anKax, He HMeIOIl{HK
OTrH60B
npH BbiCOTe cetJeHHR h
450 MM - fie C50nee h/ 2 H He oonee 150 MM;
npH BbiCOTe Ce'leHIfR h>450 MM - He 60nee his H He oonee 500 MM;
6) Ha OCTaJIbHOA tJaCTH npOJJeTa npH BbiCOTe CeqeHHR h > 300 MM-
He oonee 8/. h H He oOJlee 500 MM.
3.108. PacCTosulHB Me1KJty nonepetJHbll\IH CTep>KHHMH (xoMYTaMH) B
aJlKaX co C>K8TOA npO
OJ1bHOA apMaTypoA, YIJHTblBaeMoii B pacqeTe,
AOJUKliO npuHHM8TbCH no T86..1J. 25 HacToSiwero PYKOBO
CTB8.
3.109. B BB3aHbIX KapKacax cpe,nHHx 68J10K MOHOnHTHbJX peopHcTblX
nepeKpblTHH. B TOM qHCne MHoronponeTHblX Hepa3pesHbIX. MOHonHTHO
CBHS8HHblX nOBepxy nnHTOH no BceH .llnHHe npH speMeHHblX HarpY3Kax
Ha nepeKpbITHe 3 Tc/M 2 H MeHbwe peKoMeH,nyercR CT8BHTb OTKpblTbie xo-
MYTbI. 3aKpblThie XOMYTbI CTaBflTCR B OT,nenbHbIX (He CBH3aHHblX MOllO..
J!ItTHO C DJlHToA) oanKax npRMoyronbHoro HJIB TaBpOBoro CeqeHHfI. B
KpaAHUX 6aJlKaX MOHonHTHblX peopHCThlX nepeKpblTHH, B C5anKax c pac..
qeTHOA c1KaToA apMaTYPoA, a TaK1Ke B cpe
HHX 6anK8X MOUMHTHbiX pe6..
pHC'ThIX nepeKphlTHit, paCCQHT8HlibiX Ha BpeMeHHYJO H8rpY3KY oonee
3 Tc/M 2 .
npH STOM S8KpUTbJe ;XOMYTbI peKOMeH.ll.yeTCR nepeBSl3b1BaTb Bpas..
OOJKKY, 'lToC5b1 CTblKH CMeJKHblX XOMyrOB He IlpHXOAunHCb Ha OAHOM
CTep1KHe.
8.
115
3.IIV. 8 C5a..1K
x C BH38lfOH 8PM8TypOH, paCCQHT8HHblX H8 KpyqeHlfe,
CJleJ1yeT CT8BH'fb 38MKHYTbIe XOMYTbl C nepenycKoM HX KOH
OB lIa 30d,
a npH cBapHblx KapKacax aepTHI<anbHble H ropH30HTaJIbHble nOnepe'dHble
CTep)KHH
On1Kllbl 6b1Tb npHo8peHbI B COOTBeTCTBHH C n. 2;34a HaCTOHIl{e..
TO PYKOBOACTBa.
3. t 11. COe.ll.lllleulul npo.nOJJbHblX H nOnepeIJHblX CTep}KHeH B CBSpUblX
C
TK8X 6anoK .nOJUKHbI o6ecneQUB8Tb aHKepoBKY nOnepeIJHOH apMaTypbJ,
.)I,..PIH qero cBapHble COe.lUIHeHHH ltOn1KHhI 6b1Tb p8BHOnpOqHbIMH.
B BH38HblX KapKac8x XOMYTbJ .nOJ)1KHbI KOHCTPYlfPOB8TbCSI TaKHM 06..
pS30M, qTo6b1 B MeCTax HX neperH68, S T8K>Ke 3arHos Ko
eBbIX KplOKOB
(npu OTCYTCTBIIH nepenycKa KOHl!OO) 06H38TMbHO p8cnonar8nncb npo-
AOJlblIble cTep>KHH.
PeK01tellltyeTCJI, 1{ToObi KlUKltbIit XOMYT OXB8TblBan B O;tfIOM pHltY fie
60nee nHTII paCTHHYTbIX CTep)KHeM H He 60nee Tpex C)I{8TblX. npH 60Jlb'"
weM Qflc.ne CTep1KHeH B O.nHOM PJIJl.Y, 8 TalOKe npH WHpHHe 6SJlKH 350 MM
Ii 60JIee peKOMeH.lI.yeTcH nepeXOAHTb H8 QeTbipeXcpe3Hble IfJIH Mlforocp
3"
llble XOMYTbl.
npHMcHHeMbie ,nnH OSJJOK C BJl3aHOH apM8TypOH KOHCTPYKIUIIf XOMY-
TOB nO({S38Hbl H8 pHC. 1 n 85. npH 9TOM IUHpHH8 lIeTbIpeXCpe3Horo xo..
MYTa B S8BHCHMOCTH OT KOnnIJeCTB8 CTep>KHefl B OJl.HOM PH
Y 6aJJKH- H
"
KonUllCCTB3 CTep>KHeH MelK.ny BHYTpeHHHMH BeTBHMH XOMYTOB onpe,ne.
J1H€TCJI no Ta6.'J. 29.
Ta6JIult8 29
3118'1eHHe b x , MM. QeTbipeXcpe3HblX XOM}'TOB npH KOJJII'JeCTBe
npOAOJlbHhlX cTep1KueA B OAHOM PSiAY 6aJlKII
5 6 7 8 9 JO
llinpHH8
fSa..'I1Ut b t aiM
npH KOJl;.ttJeCTBe npoAOJ1.HblX CTep>KRcA Me)K
y BHYTpeHHifNH BeTBJlMH
XOMYTOB
I 3 2 3 4 3 4
350 230 190 205 220
400 270 225 240 255 225 240
450 250 270 295 255 270
500 - 310 330 290 280
3.112. npH MouonHTHbiX KOUcrPYKD-HJ1X B Tonw.e OOop B MecT8X ne..
peceIJeHlIJi 6anKH C KO.1JOHHOH HnH C nporoHoM nonepequylO 8PM8TYPY
(janKH CT8BHTb He CJleJJ.yeT. B T8KUX KOHCTPYKD-HflX nepobIft XOAIYT linu
nonepeqllblH c'rep>KeHb cne.nyeT CTaBHTb B npO",1eTe Ha paccToHHHe 50 f.fM
OT rpaHH onopbl. .
npH onHpaHHH MOHonHTHbiX 6anOK H8 KflpnMIJHyro KJI8
KY na Kpau..
-
HeR onope nepBblH XOMYT HnH nOnepeqHblH CTep>KeHb CT8BHTCJI Y TOpna
68nKII C Heo6xoJtflMbiM saWHTHblM CJlOeM t 8 B npe.nenax Cpe.nHHX onop
yCTSHOBK8 XOM}'TOB npOAOn>K8eTCH C 1II8rOM t npHHHTbIM .nnJl npOJJeTa
6anKH.
B C60pHblX 68nKax paCCTaHOBKY nOnepe'lHOH apM8Typbl cne.nyeT Ha-
IIHU8Tb OT TOpn8 9neMeHT8 C YQeTOM Sall\HTHbIX cnoeB 6eToH8.
3.113. OTOrHYTble CTep>KHH cJle.nyeT npHMeluITb B 68JlK8X, apMupo"
BSUHblX BHS8HblMH KapKacaMH, eCJlH no paCqeTY Tpe6yercB nonepeQlfaH
116
apMaT)'pa. npUMeHHTb OTOrHYTbIe CTep>f<JlU B CBapHbfK KapKacax He pe-
KOMeH,nyeTCH.
.lI.JlHHa nplfonopHoro yqacrKa 6aJJKII, ua KOTOpOM pa3Mem a lO TCH
OTrH6b1, Ha3HaqaeTCH paC'leTOf.f.
PS,D.lfYC AyrH, no KOTOpOH OTflfC5aeTCfl HaK.llOIIHbIH YIJaCTOK CTepiK.
11ft, ,nOJl1KeH 6b1Tb He Menee 10d.
Yeon HaKnona OTrHoa K npo,nOJIbHOH OCM 6anKU t KaK npaBUJIO, CJIt'-
AyeT nplfHIlM8Tb paBHblM 45°. B 6aJIKaX C BblCOTOH CeqellHR oOJlee 800 MM
11 B oanKaX-CTeHKax yrOJI naMOHa 01THOOB AonYCKaeTCH YBeJlHqHBaTb JJ.O
600, a B HIlSKHX oanl<ax H B 6anKax, pacc'Iu'ra HHbIX Ha cocpeAoTolleHllblta
HarpysKH, - YMeHbwaTb ,no 30°.
3.114. HaKJloHHYIO apMaTYPY Ilpe,nnO'lTUTeJlbHO 06pa30Bb1B8Tb, OT(,I1-
6aH 118 onopbI HH1KHIOIO npOJIeTHYIO apMaTYPY, KOTopaH B Hepa3pe3HLtX
6anK8X nepCBo.nHTCH 3aTeM qepe3 onopy B coce,nnHH IlpOneT (CM.
pHC. 87).
Ecnn B031UIKaeT He06x0.nIfMocTb yeeJIlJlJHTb lIa npOMe>KYTOCIHoii ono-
pc IJHCnO Hal(.llOHHblX cTep>KlIeii cBepx Toro KOJIH'lecTBa) KOl'OpOe MOil<110
nonYIlHTb 3a ctJer OTfH68HHH CTep1KlIeA 113 CMe1KllbiX npo;neTOB. TO natl.
3ToA onopofi CJ1e.llyeT YCTaHaBJIHBaTb KopOTKue CTep>KHH C .lI.BYMSI lIa-
KJIOHHblMH yqaCTKaMH (crep)l(eHb d K Ha pHC. 87) H C ABYMJI ropHsouTBJlb-
liblMH yqaCTKaMH BHH3Y .nnR 06ecnetJeHHJI aHKepOHKII.
npHMefleHHe I{OPOTI(HX CTep1KHeH C O,ltHIfM HaKJIOHHblM yqaCTKO
1 II
He CBH3aHHblX C 06w.eH apMaTypoA TaK Ha3b1BaeMblX nol'l8BalOU(HX C'fep>K-
HeA. a T8K>Ke Crep1KUeH co CJI01KHOH KOH4>Hr}'pallueH, HMelOlJ.{Hx 60JJl'C
J(BYX HaKnOHfJblX yq
CTI(OBt He .n.onYCKaeTCH.
3.115. B oanKax C WHPIUiOA Ce'lefJHH 200 MM H
1el1ee paspewa-
eTCR oTfH6aTb B Ka>K.ltoH nnOCKOCTH no OAHOMY CTep iK 1110. B C5anKax C
U1HpHHOii CeqeHHH 300-400
fM cne.nyeT oTru6aTb B nepBoH OT OnOpbJ
nnOCKOCTH He MeHee ,nBYX CTepiKfJei1, a B nocneJJ.YIOll(HX ,ltOnYCKaeTCH
OTrH6aTb no O.llHOMY CTep1KHIO. B 6aJJI<ax C 1UJlpHHOH Ce'leIlHH 60nee
400 MM oTrHoaTb l\\eHee .nBYX cTep>I<Hefr B Ka}I{]lOH nnOCKOCTII He ,nony-
CI\aeTCSI.
Ecnlf J1,lJaMCTpbI OTfu6aeMblX CTep}K Heii p33J1b1t', TO OTrH6bl 60nbWUX
,nHaMeTpOB c.ne.nYeT pacnOJIaraTb 6nlDKe K onope.
OTfn6bI CTep>KHeH peKOMeH.lI.yeTcSI pacnO",1araTb CUMMeTpnQHO OTHO-
CHTMbHO sepTHKaJJbHOH OCH CeqeHHH 6anKIl. EcnH B CeqCHIHt 01TH6aeTCH
O}l.HH CTep}Ke
Ib, pacnOJ1araTb efO c.,1e,uyeT no OC" CHMM
TpHII CelJeJlIIH
unH B03MOil{1I0--6nlf>KC 1< HeM. OTrH6aTh CTep}I{UJI. paCnOJlOJKCHHble lIe-
nocpe,uc'CBeHHo Y 60KOBbtX nooepXHOCTeii 6aJIKI1, He peKOMeH,lJ.yeTcfl, pac-
nOJlaraTb If X CJ1e1(YeT ua paCCTOHlllUl He MeHee 2d OT 601<OBbIX fpaHcij
6a.JJI\ H (J> IIC. 91).
:3.116. PaccToSlHHH Me>KJlY Hat,Jl0HHblMU Y{lacTI<aMH CTep)l(tlei1 no
.ll.nHHe 6a.n1<H H33fJaqalOTCH paCqeToM. ECRu B paCqeTe lie }l.alOTCH YKa38-
IlIISI 0 paCII0J10:if{eHJlH n.noCI{OCTeH oTrn6oB, TO paCCTOHHI!SI Me}f{.ny HIIMU
flJ>I'IHHMafOTCfl no pllC. 87.
3.117. CTep>KHH nepl:lOM OT onopbl nJIOCI{OCTH OTfn60B lIe yqllTbJOa-
IOTCH paCtteToM B COCTaBe Ha,n0I10pHOM IlpO,nOJJbIlOM apM8Typbl. CeQeHl1-
eM, C l'OTOpOfO nOJIIiOCTbIO BKnlO'laeTC
B pa60TY Ha OIlOpHblii H3fHoa-
IOlU.lfH MOMenT BepXHHH npSlMOH yqaCTOK OTOfH}'TOfO Crep>KHH Ka)l(,ltOH
ho
nJ10CKOCTI1, C{U1TaeTCSI CeqeHUe H8 paCCTOHIiHU ;?; -OT BepXHeH TOl!KH
2
Hc:H(nOHIfOro yqaCTKa 3TOfO cTep>KHH B C'fOPOHY onopbl. AHanOrnquo
liH>KIlHH npsu
foii Yt!acToK oTrHC5aeMofo CTep>I{HSI nOJlIIOCTblO UCKnIOqaeTCH
lf3 pa60Tbi Ha npo..1IeTllbfH H3fH6aTOWHM MOMenT B CeQenHII fIa paCCTOftll1iH
117
nJ) ., .,
>. 2 OT HH}J{HeH TOqKH HaKJIOIlHOrO YQaCTK8 B CTOPOHY npOJIeTa (S.necb
ho - paCqeTHaH BblCOTa CeqeUHSI 08JIKH, nplfOJ1H3HTeJIbHO paBII8H O.9
-
0:95 BblCO'fbl Ce'leHHSI 08JII{II).
3.118. CTep}l{HIt, OTrllOaeMbIe 03 npC1JIeT8 B nepBOH H BTOpOH nno..
CI{OCTHX OT npOMe}l{YTO':lHOM onopLI, Cne,lI.yeT OOH38TeJIbHO 38BO,lU1Tb B
CMe}KHbIH nponeT, 8 OTfl108eMbie B TpeTbeit H [!ocne
Ylow.HX nJ10CKOCTflX
c{ JD'" 1./5° 60 0
1,5d tl D,5d
L...
..
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t f }
Omtu6bl
"t;:j-
"f::j'"
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t:j
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e;:
Omtu5amb He
jJel<oMcHD!lemcR
Omeu6bl
u.nu yml<u
PexoMeHo!jemcfI
omzu6amb
Cmb.8umb gmHu
u omozHllmble
Cmep
HlI. He
peHoMeHiJycmcR
Fnc. 91. I(OJ-JCTPYHpoB3HHe oTorHYTbIx CTep.>KHeH
p83pernaeTCH B cJJyqae OTCYTCTBHSI B IlHX Ha.nooHoCTH B pa60Te Ha onop-
HbJH M3rIl03IOIUO" MOMeHT HJIM np" TpY.lJ;HOC1'SlX pa3Mell\eHHSI HX B HaA-
onopHoM CeqeHHH 06Pb1B8Tb B npoJIeTe BBepxy (CM. pUC. 87). .
3.119. BepXHHe KOHIJ.bl OTOI"HYTbIX CTep>KHeH, KOTopble lie nepeBOJlHT-
CH 'lepea onopy B cMeLKHbIH npoJIeT, .lJ;On>KHbI 38K8utJIIBaTbCB npSIMbIMu
tjacTK8MH
nHHOH He MeHee 0,81 all , npUHHMaeMOA COrJJaCHO YKaSaHHHM
D. 2.40 H8CTOHll\erO PYKOBo.nCTBa, HO He MeHee 20d B paCTJIHYTOH H IOd
B C>K8TOH 30ne. OOpblB8 oTorHYToro CTep1KHH B pacTHHYTOif 30He (BHH"
ay) cne.nyeT H36eraTb. B 6a.nKax BbiCOTOH oonee OA})Oro MeTpa OTorHY-
TNH CTep}l{eHb H3 -rJ18,lI.KOH 8PM8TypbI MOJKeT S8KatlIJHB8TbCJI B C>K8TOA
30He TOJIbKO KplOKOM oe3 npSIMoro YQ8CTKa (CM. pHC. 91), a crepX{IIH
nepUO,lI.HtJeCKoro npo$UJlH .nO.r'lLKHbI Bcer.o.8 HMeTb npflMoH yq8CTOl{..
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,
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qeTOM.
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MOHonHTHbiE PAMbl
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Ba.
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pas,nene «BanK"» H8cToHw.ero PYKOBOACTBa.
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B KOTOpbIX Heot5xO,D.JiMO C03.naTb npe.n.YCMOTpeHHYIO pactJeTOM 1KeCTKOCTb.
npH KOHCTPYlfPOB8HHH Y3nOB MOHonHTHblX paM, O()bI'lHO H8cbIw.eHlIblX
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15 MM<at)
(d2-5)
n p II M e 'l a H If e. B COOpHblX fiJIHT3X 113 Tfl.H{eJIOrO 6eTOH8 npOC({Ii'-
HOM M8PKH M250 II 60JlCC, H3rO'fOBJIJleMbiX Ha 33BOA8X B MeTaJI.,1HQe..
CKHX I»OpM3X If S3InHiltaeMblX cBepxy (0 CoopY1xeUHfI) 6eTOJlHOH no,l.\"
rOTOBKOU "JUt CTJlJKKOii, D.OnYCKaeTCH AnR Bepxneil apMaTypbJ npHIUt..
MaTb TOJ1llUiH}' S81nHTlloro CJlOH Be MeHee 5 MM.
124
MHHHMa.,'IbHafJ . TonllUflla C60pHblX nnHT JlOnJKHa onpeJ(eJUITbCH 113
}:CJlOBHii ooeCneqeHHH TpeoyeMbIx TOJlllUUI 3aw.HTHbIX cnoeB oeTOH8 11 yc..
JlOBfIH pacnon01KeHHJI apMaTypbl no TonllUfHe nnHTbI.
TOJIW.HHbI MOHOnUTHbJX MHT h, MM, peKOMeH.nyeTcSI npUHIIMaTb 40
50 60, 70, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 1
0, 200, 250, 300, AaJlee KpaTltO ]00.
. t 3.129. TonmHHa oeToHHoro 3anUfTHoro cnOfl AJUI pa60qeH apMaTypbl
nJlHT, H.axOAJlW.HXC
B 06blqIlblX YCJ10BHJlX 3KCnJIyaT a llHIf_ AOn>Klta y.u.OB-
neTBOpJlTb Tpc60BaHHJlM nn. 3.3; 3.4; 3.5; 3.6 H npuHHMaTbCH no Ta6JI. 30
HaCTOflwero PYKOBo,ncTBa.
KOIUlbI npo,nonbltbIX pa60Qlfx CTep>KHeii, He npHBapHBaeMbIX K 3H-
KepYlOlllHM AeTa
'1f£M, ,nOJI>KHbI OTCTOJlTb OT Topua nnHTbI Ha paCC'IOH-
HUU He MCHee:
10 MM - ,n,,'UI C60pHhlX MHT nepel<pbITuA U C1'eltOBhIX n8Heneii npo..
JleTOM JJ.O ] 2 M BKJ1IOtlIlTeJIbHO;
15 MM - J1nJl MOHOJ1HTHhlX nnUT )J.J1HHOii ,no 6 M BKJJIOqUTenbHO;
20 MM - AJiH MOHonHTHbIX nnHT ,nnHHoH 60nee 6 M.
3.130. IlJIHTbI, KaI{ npaBuno, ,nOJl>KHbI apMlfpoBaTbcH CBapHbJMU CCT-
J<aMH.
BJl3aHYIO apMaTYPY ,llOnycKaeTcSI npHMeHHTb AnH cpaBHHTeJIbHO ne-
60nbuulx MOHonHTHbiX yqaCTI{OB C60pHbIX nepeKpbITHii H MOHOJUfTHbiX
IIJIHT C 60JlbWlfM qUC,,10M HeynopH
OqellHblX oTBepcTHii, a TalOKe B c.1JY-
qaJlX, KorAa npHMeHeHHe cBapHoii apMaTypbl He AonYCKaeTCH no YCJlO-
BHJlM 9KCnJJyaTaIlHH cor.'IaCHO npuJI. 2.
. _ v
,Q1f8MeTp pa60l1HX CTep1KHeH CBapltOH apMaTypbl nnHT peKOMeH.LJ.Y-
eTCH npHHHMaTb He Meltee 3 MM, a 8H3aHoii - He MeHee 6 MM.
3.131. PaCCTOaltHH MemAY OCHMH CTep>KHeii pa60qeii apMaTypbl 8
cpeAHeii qaCTH nposJIeTa nJlHTbI (BHIf3Y) H Ha,ll onopOH (B Bepxy MHoro-
npOJJeTHbiX nJJHT) )J.OJI>KHbf 6blTb lie 60nee: 200 MM - npH TMWHHe n.!Ui-
TbJ h< 150 MM; 1,5h - npH TOnl1\HHe fiJIIfTbi h
150 MM.
PaCCTOHHHH Me>KAY CTep1KHHMIf, AOBOAHMblMH JlO onopbl nnHTbI, Be
AOJI>KHbI npeBhIwaTb 400 MM, npHQeM nJlOl1\a,lJ.b CeQeHHJI 3THX CTep1KUeU
Ita OAIII! MeTp WHpHHbl nnHThI Aon1Klla COCTaBJIHTb He MeHee I/S nnOllla..
AM CeqeHIfH CTep}KHeH B nponeTe, onpeAeJleHHOH paCqeTOM no HaH60.ilb-
weMY H3rnC5alomeMY MOMeIiTY.
3.132. nJJOwa)J.b CeQeHHH paOOqeH apMal'ypbJ nJIUT onpeAeJlJleTCJI
paCqeTOM H ,llOn1KHa y,noBneTBOpJlTb TpeC5oBaHH5IM n. 3.8 HaC1:0aUJ.cro
PYKOBoAcTBa. ,QHaMeTp If war CTep1KHeH 3TOii apll1aTypbI M01KHO no){-
6HpaTb no Ta6JI. 31.
n-.'10w.a)J.b CeQeHHJI pacnpeJteJJHTeJlbHOH apM8Typbl B 6aJIOllHhlX n,,1H"
Tax JJ.on>KHa COCTaBnHTb He MeHee 10 % nJIOl1\8JUI CeQeHHR pa60IJeH ap-
,MaTypbI B MeCTe Hau60J1bWerO 1f3rHoalOwero MOMeHT8. ,QHaMeTp U mar
CTep>KHeii 9TOA apMaTypbl B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT AHaMeTpa If wara CTepJKUCH
paooqeA apMaTypbl peKoMeHAyeTcH 1183HaqaTb no Ta6n. 32.
8.133. BaJJ()QltbIe MOHOJJHTHbfe MHTbI, apMHpoBaHHbIe CB8pHbll\1U
ceTKaMH, peKoMeH,nyeTcfl KOHCTpYHpoBaTb no pHC. 97, 98.
nponeTHYIO apMaTYPY nnHT WHPUHOH AO 3 M If .llJlIfHoii ,no 6 M pe-
KOMeHAyeTcH KOIICTpYHpoBaTb B BHAe nJJocKoii IleJIbHOA cBapHoH CeTI{If?
nonepeqlthle CTep1KHH KOTOpoii RBnHIOTCR pa60QeH apMaTypoii fiJIIiTLl
(pHC. 97, a).
npH ,nHaMeTpe pa60QeA apMaTypbl 60
JIee 10 MM MO>KltO apMHpoBaTh
DJJHTY nnOCKHMH Y3KlfMH cBapHblMIf YIIH<1>UlI.HpOBaHHbIMH ceTKaMU. .ll.JJII-
Ha TaKHX ceTOK ,non>KHa COOTBeTCTBOBaTb IUHpHHe DJUfTbI, KOTopaH B
9TOM cJJyqae MO)Ke'f 6b1Tb H 60JJee Tpex MeTp08. npOAonbHbIe cTep>KIHI
9THX ceTOK HBJIJlIOTCH paooqeii apMaTypoA nJJUThI, a nOnepeqHhle - pac-
npeAMHTeJlbHOH, CThIKyeMoH B nnHTe BHaxnecTKY 6e3 cBapKH (CM. n. 2.52
125
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C't I"- It)
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ro C> I- --'
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Ta()nHlta 32
-.
)1.H8MeTp
cTepJKHeA
pa(SoqeA
apM8TYPhl,
MM
,l).H8MeTP It war, MM, CTep>KHeA pacnpeAenltTeJlbHoA apMaTypbl
&J\0tlHblX nnnT npH mare CTep>KHeR pa()o'leD apM8Typbl, MM
100
125
150
200
250
300
.
3 3 3 3 3 3
3-4 - - - - - -
400 400 400 400 400 400
3 3 3 3 3 3
5 - - - - - -
350 350 350 350 400 400
4 4 3 3 3 3
6 - - - - - -
350 350 350 350 400 400
5 5 4 4 3 3
8 - - - - - -
350 350 350 350 350 400
6 6 5 5 5 5
10 - - - - - -
350 350 350 350 350 350
6 6 6 6 6 6
12 - - - - - -
250 300 350 350 350 350
8 8 8 6 6 6
14 - - - - - -
300 350 350 300 350 350
8 8 8 8 8 8
16 - - - - - -
250 300 350 350 350 350
10 10 10 8 8 8
18 - - - - - -
300 350 350 350 350 350
10 10 10 10 10 10
20 - -...- - - -
200 250 300 350 350 350
22 12 12 10 10 10 10
- - - - - -
250 300 300 350 350 350
25 14 10 8 8 8 8
- - - - - -
300 200 150 200 250 I 300
n p H M e Q'8 H He. HaJ1 qepTOH YKa3aJ) J1H3MeTp CTep1KHeH pacnpe.
Jl.MIJTenbHOii apMaTyphi t a no,Lt qepTOH - IlX mar.
12
fl3CTORU(ero PYKOBO,l1CTSa). Ha,l10nOpHaH apM81'ypa tlepaSpe311bIX DJJHT
II01KeT KOIICTPYHponaTbCH no pHC. 97, 8 n BIIJ1e J1BYX, co CAOIi>KKOii, ce..
OK (pAC.. 98 1 8) IfJIU o.nnoA (pRC. 98, e) CeTKI-t C nonepeqliblMH pa6o'JHMH
CTep>KHHMlI, YKJla
bIBaeMblX 8
OJIb onop. 3TH H8J10nOpUbie ceTKH MorYT
6b1Tb PY JIOHHblMH.
MHOrOnpOJIeTHble 6aJloqHble MOHonHTHble nJIIf1'bI 1'OJIlU.HHOA /1.0
100 MM C pa60Qen apM8Typoii CpeJ1HHX npOJleTOB H onop J1Ha
'eTpOM .no
7 MM peKOMeHJ1ye1'CfI apMllpoBaTb COapHbTMI1 PYJJOHHb1MH THnOBblMH ceT.
a} t z. f
: fr- ---- l r
....
______dllb__
n=------I1JF--
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IF n=--
0)
!
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8)
r
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PIIC. 97. CxeMa apMHpoB8HIUI
!OHOJJHTHblX OaJlO(IUbIX nJIHT cBapnblMJI
ceTKaMII (nJJaHhl)
a - np0J1e1'lt3S1 apM&1'ypa B BRAe l.\enbHblX coapHWX ceTOK c ItOllepe'UlbUUJ pauo-
..8MB CTep)l(fulJ\.fH; 6 - TO >Ke. 8 8H,I1f: Y3KHX CBapHblX ceTOK c npoAonbllbJ)Ui pa.
()O'iHMH CTepilUtHMH; 8 - nnall H8.n.onopHoD apMa.rYPbl
128
1{8MH C npOAOJ1bHOH pa60qeA apMaTypOH no pRC. 99. PYJ10Hbl npH 9TOM
paCKaTblBalOl'CH nonepeK BTopOCTenellltblX 6aJ10K, a nonepeqlIbie Crep>KHH
.. 0
ceTOK, SlBJlHlOlUHeCH pacnpeJ1eJlItTeJlbHOH apMaTYPOH .nnHTbI, CThlKYIOTCJI
Bf!axnecTKY 6ea CBapKH. B KpaHHRX nponeTax R H8 nepBblX npOMeJl<Y-
roqHblX onopax, rJ1e 06b1qHO Tpe6yeTcSI J10nonHHTeJlbHaH apM3Typa, ua
OCHOBHYIO ceTKY YKJla,ll.blBaeTCsi .nononHRTeJIbHaSi CeTKa (puc. 99), KO'fO-
u
paH 3aBo,nHTCH sa nepBYIO npOMe>KyrOqHYIO onopy BO BTOpOH npOJleT
UlaN 1
1/' r1 0
. . J
8.1 1/4 lo
,
I
aJ
lo
lo
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la
6)
)
b
h
15(d1!:10MMI
(5d ld>10MM)
10d
10
15-20
15-20
Zo
lo
I'uc. 98. ApMHpoBaHHe onop nnUT C
pHbIMH ceTKaMH (pa3pe3b1 B pa6o-
qeM HanpaBneHHH)
Q - KpaAHfUI onopa nJIHThI, t.10HOJlHTHO C8HaaHH8J1 C 1Ke.nesOOeTOHHOA (5anKoA;
6 - KpaAHsul onopa nnHT!:d Ha I<HpnHQlloR CTelle; S, 2 - Cpe,Zl.HHSI ODopa DnHTbI,
MOHonHTHO CBHsaHHaH C )Keneso6eToHfloA (5aJIKoA, c HaJtODopHOA apt.laTypoA us
ASYX p8SJtBHHYTHIX ceTOK H H3 OAHOA CeTl<H
lIa 1/4 npOJIeTa nJIHl'bI. BMeCTO J10nOnHHTeJlbHOH CeTKH B03MO>KHa YKJlajt-
I\a OT,nCJlbHblX CTep>KHeH, npHBB3b1BaeMblX K OCHOBHOH CeTKe.
3.134. nJIRTbI, onepTble no KOHTYPY, peKoMeHJ1yeTcH apMHpOBaTh
cBapHblMH CeT({aMU. npu 9TOM nnUTbl, HMelOlUHe paSMepbl He ()OJ1ee
6X3 M, AonYCKaerCH apMRpoBaTb B np0.,1eTe O,nHOH UeJlbHOA cBapHoH CCT...
1\00 C pa60qeH apMaTYPoH B 060HX HanpaBneHHHx. npH 60nbmOM 'IRCJle
O.nItHaKOBbIX nJIHT C MeHbWHM npOJIeTOM 2,5-3 M ,nnSi 9KOHOMHit apMa-
TYPHOH CTanH peKOMeH,lI.yeTcSI YMeHbwaTb KOJ1HQecTBO CTep>KHeii Ha Kpaii-
HHX nOJlocax nJ1HTbI npOTRB CpeJ1HHX. B 9TOM cnyqae nJ1HT8 M01KeT_apMH-
pOBaThCH OAHOH uenbHOH nnOCKOH CB8pHOH CeIXOH C KOJ1HQeCTBOM ap-
MaTypbI, KOTOpoe Tpe6YeTCH Ha KpaHHeii nOJloce, a Ha cpeAHeM YQ8CTKe
DJlHThi YKJIa,nbIBaeTCSI ,nonOJJHHTMbHaH CeTK8 (pHC. 1(0). IlIHpRHa KpaH"
Heft nOJlOCbI 'I( onpe,nenHeTCH paCQeTOM.
npH HeneJIecOOOpaSHOCTU apMHpOBaHHH MHTbl ueJlbHbIMH C8apHblMH
C€TKaMIt AonYCKaeTCH KOHCTpYRpOBaTb apMaTYPY U3 YSKHX CBapuwx YHIf-
9-661
129
a)
1
.,
{t.lHt 1/4 10 l'
t 1 / 4l0 1
1
lo
Zo
0)
.::1
PHC. 99. HenpepblBHoe BpMllpoBaHHe MOHOJ1HTHLIX HepaSpe3H.bIX nJ1HT
cBapHLlMlf PYJ10HHbIMH ceTKBMU
a - nnaH H paspe3bJ DJJHTbJ. Onep'lOH DB >KeJle306eTOHHbte t)anKu; 6 - ,neTa"Yfh
onHpaHHR nnHTW Ha KHpnHqHYW CTeHY
c»HIUlpOBaHHLlX CeTOK C npO
OJ1bHOH pa60qeH BpMBTypoit CeTKH YKJ13ltbl"
B3101'CH B
pOJIe'l'e B .lIB8 CJIOSI 80 B3BUMHO nepneH.lUiKYJlSlpHbIX Hanp3BJIe-
HHHX (pHC. 101). npH 3TOM ceTKH C 60JIee KOpOTKIIMH pa60QHMH CTep)f{-
HHMH (pHC. 101, "03. 2) YKJlB.n.bIB8IOTCH 8 HU>KHHA' cnoit. MOHTB>KHbIe
CTep>KHH CeTOK Ka)l{,lI,Oro CJ10H KJ1a,nYTCH BnpHThIK H He CTLlKYIOTCSI, "PH"
QeM B CeTK3X HH>KHerO CJIOSI OHH )J.OR}KHLI 6bI1'b CHU3Y, B 3a
HTHOM CJ10e
pa6oQci\ 8PMBTypbI) a 8 ceTK3X 8epXHero C,JIOH - cBepxy.
130
Ha:nonopHaH apM8Typa onepTbiX no KOHTYPY Hepaspe3HbIX MHO"
ronpOJIeTHblX nnHT (pnc. 101,6) C nnOCKHMH ceTKaMH B npOJleTaX KOB-
CTpYHpyeTcSI aHanorHqHO Ha,nonopHoH apM8Type 6anOQHblX DJIHT no
pnc. 98.
MHOrOnpOJleTHble Hepaspe3Hble, onepTble no KOHTYPY IlJIHTbI, pac-
CllHTaHHbIe Ha paBHoMepHo pacnpeD.eJIeHHYIO HarpysKY C pa60tJeii apM8-
TYpO" ,lI,HaMeTpOM .no 7 MM, MO)KHO apMHpoBaTb THnOBbIMH pynoHHblMH
I.
I ,. t
II' '
JI
__J.L_ _____..-_J.L_. ...
"-- --- If
- - _......:. - - - --':1 .......
-............ I
"T' - -..
I I
" 1.1 .1 " . C\a
I I I N
.J-- I
,
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__-_: L_- ..-..
__J H::__ ----..
--"'
- --_.:..... ---,.r--
t , I I
,. . .
ll< ,. ll(
l,
7
PHC.. 100. CxeMa apMHpoBaHHSI npOJleTa nnHTbl, onepToA no KOHTYPY,
neJIbHbIMH cBapHblMH ceTKaMIi
1 - OCHOBH8ft ceTK8; 2 - ,ltOnOJlHHTeJIhH8R CeTK8
C€TK3MH C npo.nOJ1bHbIMH pa601lHMH CTep>KHHMH (pHC. 102). ,.QJ1H 9Toro
flJIHTY CJle.nyeT pa36uTb Ha TPH nOJIOCbI B Ka>K.nOM HanpaBJIeHHH: ,nBe
KpaHHJ1e no 1/4 MeHbllJerO nponera Ii cpeAHIOIO. PynoHbI B npOJ1eTaX
}'Kna,ll,blB3IOTCfl B ABa CJlOSl, paCKaTblBaeMblX BO B3CiHMHO nepneHAHKY'"
nflpHOM H3npaBneHHH TOJ1bKO no Cpe,ll,HHM nOJIOCaM nJIHT (puc.. 102, a).
Ha.n.onopH3S1 apM3rypa yrnOB nJ1HTbl B 9TOM CJlytI3e MO>KeT KOHCTpYHPO-
BaTbCH B BRAe KB3.npaTHblX nJ10CKHX ceTOK C pa60QllMii CTep>KHSlMH B
o60ux HanpaBJ1eHHflX. 3TH ceTKH YKJ1a.nblBaIOTCH Ha nepeCeqeHHH pe6ep
liJ1DT, npHqeM CTep>KHH MorYT 6b1Tb napanJ1enbHbI pe6paM HJ1H YKna.l\bI"
B8TbCfl no.n yrJIOM 45° K HHM (pHC. 102,6).
3.135. BH3aHYIO apMaTYPY MOHOJlHTHblX nJlUT TOJ1InHHOH 120 MM H
MeHbIlIe peKoMell.nyercH KOHCTpYHpoBaTb no puc.. 103 6es OTrH60B H ,lI.0-
BO,lI.HTb .no onop Bce nponeTHbIe HU>KHHe CTep>f\HH, a Ha,n onopaMH YCTa-
HaonHBaTb CBOIO apMa1'YPY (n03. I, 2 pHC. 103), TaK Ha3b1BaeMOe pas-
Jle..'JbHoe apMHpoBaHHe. npH 9TOM HH>KHHe npOJ1eTHble pa60qHe CTep>KHH
Hepa3pe3Hblx nnHT peKoMeH.nyeTcH KOHCTpYHpoBaTb CKB03HblMH, npo-
nYCKas HX Qepe3 HeCKOJ1bKO onop, a B KpaHHHx npOJleTaX, npH Heo6xo-
,lI.UMOCTH no paCqeTY, YCTaH8BJ1HBaIOT .a.ononHHTeJ1bHble CTep>KHH (nos. 4
pRC. 103).
Ha.n.onopHyro apMaTYPY B Hepa60tJeM HanpaBJleHHH cne.nYeT YCTa..
HaBJ1UB8Tb KOHCTpYKTRBHO B KOJ1HtJeCTBe He MeDea Va CeqeHUB pa60qeH
apMaTypbl B nponeTe.
B nnUTax 60J1bWHX TonInHH B l{enHX 9KOHOMHH apM8Typbl qaCT&
npOJIeTHbIX CTep>KlIeH peKOMeHJtyeTcH 01'rn()aT& Ha OnOpbJ (TaK Ha3b1B8-
9*
131
eMoe HenpepblBHoe apMHpOBaHHe). CTep1KHH OTrH6alOT nOA yrJloM 30 0 B
nnHTax Ton
HHoii /1..0 150 MM H no,n yrnoM 45 0 B nnHTax TOJl11.\HHOA
160 MM H 60JIee. OTrH6b1 B nnHTax npH HenpepLlBHoM apMHpoBaHHH KO}J-
CTPYHpYIOT no pHC. 104.
ApMHpoBaHBe onop MOHOJJHTHbIX nJlHT OTJ1eJ1bHhIl.\.fH cTep>KHflMII np"
pa3Hblx onopHbIx ycnoBHSlx ,naHO Ha pHC. 105 9 106, 107.
'!)
c)
l,
PIIC. 101. Cxe
la apMBpoBaHHSI UJ1HTbI, onepToH no KOHTYPY. Y3KIlMH
cBapHblMH ceTKaMH
a - npoJleTHble ce1KH; 6 - Ha,nonopHble ceTKH
3.136. BH3aHYIO apI\faTYPY DJ1HT, onepTblx no KOHTYPY, pel(OMeHAY-
e1CH KOHCTpYHpOBaTb Tal{ >Ke, KaK If BSI3aHYIO apMaTYPY 6anOIJHbIX unliT.
npli 3TOM ,nnH 9KOHOMHH apMaTypHOii CTaJIH nnHTY M01KHO pa36HTh Ita
TpH nOJIOCbl B Ka1K,ltOM HanpaB.neHHH - ,nBe KpaHHHe WHpHHOA DO ".
MeHbtIIerO nponeT8 H cpe,nHIOIO. B KpaHHHX nOJIocax nno
a.nb CeqeHHSI
apMaTYPLl MO>KeT 6blTb YlYreHbWeHa BABoe npOTIIB napanneJlbHOH HM
pe.nHeii nonOCbl, HO He Melfee Tpex CTep1KHeA Ha OAHH MeTp. CTep1KHH
B HanpaBJIeHIIH KOpOTKOH CTOpOHbI )'KnaJl.bIBa!01CH BHH3Y9 Ha.nonopHBH
pa60QaH apMaTypa YCTaHaBnHBaeTCH no BeeR AnHHe_RWKAoH CTOpOH
nnHTbl paBHoMcpHO.
132
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IHpOBaHHH nJIHTbl, onepTou' no KOHTYPY, cBapHbIMH
PYJ10HHbIMH ceTKaMH
a - DpOJleTH8H H cpeAHSUI 118AODopl-!aS1
pMaTYP8; 6 - H3JJ.onopH8a apMaTyp8 yr-
JlOB nnHTbl
t
3
3.137. Ha KpaAHHx onop8x nnHT, MOHOnHTHO CBHS8HHbIX C meJIe30-
6eToHHbIMH nporoH8MH, H8J10nopHyJO paCqeTHyIO apMaTYPY cJIeJ1YeT sa..
.l{eJIblBaTb B nporoH Ha rny6HHY aHKepOBKH, npHHDM8eMYIO B COOTBeTCT-
BHH C n. 2.40 HaCTosnnero PYKOB0J1CTB8.
Ha Kp8HHHX CB06oJ1HbIX ODOp8X DJIHT npOJleTHYIO apM8TYPY CneJ1yeT
SaBOJ1HTb sa rpaHb onopbl B COOTBeTCTBHIt C n. 2.42 HaCTOJlw.ero PYKO-
BOACTBa.
1
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6
6000
PHC. 103. P8SJ1eJIbHOe apMHpOS8HHe MOHonHTHblX OanO'lHblX MDT OT-
J1enbHbIMH CTep1KHftMH (
R3aHOii apM8TypOH)
1, 2 - Ha,lJ.OnOpHaa apMaTypa B pa(ioqeM HanpaaneHUU; 3, 4 - nponeTHaSi apMa-
t'ypa B paeso.IeM HanpaaneHHU; 5. 6 - Ra,uonopHaSi apMaTypa B Hepa()O'leM Ra-
DpaaneHHB
3.138. KOHCOJJbHble DJlHTH np" BbIJleTe KOHCOJIH ]J.O OJ1HorO Merpa
npHHHM810TCH nOCTOHHHOH TOnIUHHIJI. a npH BhIJ1eTe oonee O,nHoro MeTP8
CeqeHHe DJ1HThi KOHCOJJH M01KeT 6h1Tb nepeMeHHbIM: Ha CB06o.nHOM KOHne
KOHconH - He MeHee 50 MM, a B MeCTe S8J1eJ1KH - no paC'leTY.
fny6HH8 S8J1enKH KOHCOJJbHOH nnHTN B CTeHY Ha3Ha'l8eTC
no pac-
tzeTY H npH BpeMeHHoH H8rpYSKe 11.0 400 Krc/M 2 AOJUKHa 6bITb He MeHee:
250 MM - npH BbIneTe KOHconH ,110 600 MM;
380 MM -npH BblneTe KOHCOJIH 600-1000 MM.
npH BbIneTe KOHCOJJH 60nee 1000 MM HJIH npH 60nbIlIHX HarpYSKax
He06xo11.HMO npe11.ycMaTpHBaTb cneuHanbH
e MeponpHHTHH no aHKepoB-
Ke KOHconH B CTeHe.
8.139. KOHcMbHble DJlHTbl apMHpYIOT, KaK npaBllno, TonbKO BepxHeii
apM8Typoii. KOHCOJIH, npeACTaBJIHIOInHe C060H 'l8CTb OJ1HO- linH MHoro-
nponeTHoA nJUfTbI, apMHpYIOTCR BMeCTe C nOCJIe,ll.HHMH H TOH >Ke 8pMa-
TYPOR - CeTKaMH IInli OTJ1eJlbHbIMH CTep*HHMH.
la4
OpH apMHpOSaHUH KOHCOJJbHblX nnHT, ItMelOInHX Bbf.neT oonee
1000 MM, ,aon)iCK8eTcH (eCJJH 3TO p a n UO H8JJbHO C TO'lKII 3peHIIJI YHH$H"
KaUHH n03HnH" H ceToK) nonoBuHY pa60llux CTep>KHeli o6pbloaTb H8 no-
nOBHHe BhIJIeTa KOlICOJIH.
a) f/IJ l4
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crep>KHHMH (BH33HOM 8PM8TYPhI)
a - CpeJl.HJUI onopa (>Kene30()eTOHHaJi 6alll<a) MHOrOnpOJIeTHOA nnHTbJ: 6 - 'to me.
cranhH8S1 6aJlKa; B - RpaAHSIR onopa - >KeJles06eroHHaJi 6anKa; 2 -TO >Ke t Kap-
OHQnaJi CTeHa; 1- oTru6bl; 2 - npOJleTHaJi apMa-rypa: 3 - ,nonOJlHHTeJlbHaJi Hall"
OnOpHaJi apMaTypa (CTaBHTCJI. ec.nH H
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d
3.140. TOJ1CThIe MOHOJJHTHhIe DJJtfThI (H8npHMep, $YH,n8MeHTHble) pee
KOMeH,nYeTCH 8pMHpOBaTb CB8pHblMH apMot5noK8MH no THny, nOK838HHO-
MY H8 pUC. 21.
YCT8H8BnHB8Tb ux cne,nyeT C p83pblBOM, p8BHblM WHpHHe apMO"
6nOKa 7 8 B 3aSOp nOMew.aTb rOpHSOHTanbHhIe nnOCKHe CB8pHble CeTKH, 83
I\OTOpbIX C06P8H 8pM06nOK. B CJ1yt18e Heo6xo,nHMOCTH YKJla,nblBalOT TaK-
1Ke CBapHhIe CeTKH nepneHJlHKynHpHorO Hanp8sneHHR.
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OTJleJIbHbIMIJ crep}KliSllvlli B pa60QeM HanpaBJIeHHH
a - MOHO.nHTIIO CBJI'38UIJO:t C }f{(".ne306eTOlJlioli 6a..'1KOIi; 6 - 3a
eMJle'nton B KJJp"
IUITlliOfr CTelie; B - cBoOo,nno Jle>Kaw.et:i Ha CT8J1bIlOH 6SJ1Ke; e - TO >Ke. na KlfP"
nutlHOn CTeHe; iJ - KOHCOJlbHO onlfpalO
eHCH A8 CTaJlblIYIO 6aJ1KY; J - 'nponeTHafl
pa()OtIaSi apMaTypa Fa )lH8MeTpoM d; 2 - gnOpHafl apM8Typa (no paCIJeTY, HO Ire
Menee O.5F a); 3 - onopHaSi apM8Typa He MeHee '/3 F a H lie MeHee 506 AI ua I
nOf. M; .1- pacnpe,ne.nHTenbHaH apMllTYpa; 5 - apMaTypa >KeJleS06eToHHoH ()anKH;
6 - CTep>Keub. o6ecneQHBBIOw.Hit COBMecTHYIO pa60T)"' n.nHTbl CD CTanbHOA ()aJlKoD,.
06bJ'DIO, ecnH lie Tpe
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OT)J.eJ1bHbIMH CTep>KHS1MH B HepaOOqeM H8npaBJ1eHHH
a - CB060,ltHO Jle>Kar.u.eA Hit CTaJl.hHOn 6anKe; 6 - KOHconbHO oDHpalOw.eltCJJ Ha
CT3J1bHYIO ()aJlKY; B - MOHonHTHO CBJI'38HHOA C >KeJle30t)eToHHoA 6anKoA; 2 - 3a-
w.eMJleHHOA B KHpl1HQHOA CTeHe; iJ - npHMbJK81Or.u.eA K CTeHe 6e3 onHpaHHJJ: 1-
nponeTH8JJ paOoqaSl apMaTypa Fa .n.HaMeTpoM d; 2 - onopHaSi apMaTypa no oac-
'1eTY; HO He MeHp.(' 1/3F 8; 3 - onopnaSi apMaTypa; 4 - pacnpe.n.eJlHTenbHaq apMa-
Typa; 5 - apMaTypa }Ke.ne306eTOHHOA 6aJJKH
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PJ.lc. 107. ApMHpoB8HHe cpeJ\HMx
onop MOHOJ1HTHOfi nJ1HT
OT)J.eRbHW-
Mli crep>KHSlMH
a - MOI-IOnHTHO tBSl3auHoR C >Ke.nC306e-
TOHHOA 6anKoit B pa60QeM HanpasneHHH;
6 - cDoOo.nno .ne>KallteR Ha CTaJlbHOA
6aJlKe B pa60QeM lfanpaBneHHH: B - MO-
JlO.nlu'no CBSl3af-lJl01i C >Ke.ne30()eToHHoA
. Oa1JKoR B nepa60tJeM UanpaBJ1eHHH; 1-
nponeTH8JJ paOoqaSl apM8Typa F 8 .nua.
MeTpOM- d; 2
pacnpeJi.eJlItTeJlbHa51 apMa"
'TYpa
3 - OnOpH8JJ apM8Typa no pacqe1'Y,
lio He MeHee 1J3F 8; 4 - apMaTypa >ReJle..
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OTBepCTHR B nnHT8X
3.141. OTBepcTHH SHa'lHTeJIbHblX pa3MepoB B >KeJle3o()eTOHHblX MM-
Tax, DaHenHX H T. n. ,non>KHbl OKaHMnJITbCH ,nonOJlHHTeJIbHOA apMaTypoH
CeqeHHeM He MeHee ce1IellHH pa()OqeH apMaTypbl (Toro >Ke HanpaBJIeHHH),
1<0TOpaH Tpe()YeTCH no paCqeTY finHTbl KaK cnnOWHOH (pHC. 108, a).
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(l - OTBepCTHfl pa3MepOM ()onee 300 M
; 6 - OTBepCTHst pS3MepoM JJ.O 300 MM;
I - CTep>KHH apMaTypbl n.nHTbJ; 2 - oKaftMJUlIOutHe CTepiKHH. oOpa 30B8nHble cry..
l1{eHHeM 8pMa-rypbl MHTbl; 3 - CTep>KHH Cneu,H8J1bHol' OK8AMJlHIOU1eA oTBepcTHe
apM8TypbA
JOO
1 N 1
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KaMH peKOMeH,ltyeTcSI TaKoe OTBepCTHe Bblpe38Tb B apMaType no Mecry.
OTBepcTHSI (npoeMbI), eCJIH He06xo/tHMO no pacqeTY, o()paMnSlIOTcR
apMHpoBaHHbIMH pe6paMIt. Pa3MepbI H .apMHpoBallHe 3THX pe6ep saBH-
CRT OT pa3MepOB, 4>0PMbI, pacnOnO>KeHn" B nnaHe OTHOCHTeJIbHO 6a..1JOK
nepeKpblTHH, Ha3HaqeHHH npoeMa H B Ka>K/tOM OT/tenbHOM CJlyqae perna-
IOTCH npoeKTHpOBIUHKOM Ha OCHOBaHHH paCqeTa.
B apMaTypHLIX qepTe>KaX CneltHanbHble CTep>KHH ,nnSl apMHpOB8HHH
\J
nnHTbI B npe,nenax paSMepa OTBepCTHH, 3a HCKnlOtJeHHeM OKanMnHIOUlHX,
KaK npaBHno, He ,naIOTCSI, 8 Ha qepTe>Ke CJIe/tyeT nOMemaTb npHMeqaHHe:
B npeAenax OTBepCTHH CTep>KHH pa3pe3aTb no MecTY H OTorHYTb B Teno
nJlHTbl.
npH apMHpOB8HHH nepeKpblTHH CBapHblMH ceTKaMH OTBepcTHH pa3-
MepoM /to 500 X 500 MM npH paCKna.llKe ceTOK He ytlHTLIBalOTCH, a Ha qcP-
T
)Ke ,ltaeTCR npHMeqaHHe: OTBepCTHe Bblpe3aTb no MeCTY.
138
npu ()6nbWHX p83MepaX OTBepCTHH CeTKII paCKJI3)1.blB81OTCH C ytte-
'TOM OTBepcTUH, O,II.HaKO B paAOHe OTBepCTHH nnHTY peKOMeHAYeTCJI ap..
fHpOBaTb OTAeJIbHbTMH CTep>KHRMH, He HapywaH YHu(j>HKallHlf CeTOK.
.l{onOJJHHTeJlbHaH apMaTyp8, OKaHMnHIO
aH OTBepCTHH, nOJl>KHa ()blTb
3aBe
eHa S8 KpaB OTBepCTHH H8 ,lI.nHHY He MeHee BenHqHHbI HaxneCTKH
Is cornaCHO n'. 2.46 HaCTOHlUero PYKOBO.lICTBa.
ApMHpOBaHHe nnHT 8 SORe npOA8BnHB8HHB
3.142. nonepetJH8B apMaTypa, YCTaH8BJIHBaeMaH B nnHTax B SOHe
npo,naBJlHBaHUH, .lIOn1KHa HMeTb 8HKepoBKY no KOHuaM, BblnonHHeMYIO
npHBapKoA unH OXB8TOM npO,II.OJ1bHOA 8pMaTypbl. PaccToHHHe Me>KAY no..
nepeqHblMH CTep.>KHBMII npHHHMaeTCR He 60nee fish H He 60nee 20ft MM.
r.ne h -- TonmHH8 nnHTbl. ll1HpHHa 30HbI nOC1'aHOBKH nOnepeQHOH aI'MaTY"
pbl AOJI>KH8 ()LITb He MeHee 1,5h.
3.143. nepeKpblTHB MorYT ()blTb pe()pHcTbIMH, tJacrope6pHcTbIMH,
T3K Ha3b1BaeMblMH KecCOHHbIMH, ()e36aJlOQHblMH H .lIp. no cnoc06y npo.
H3Bo.nCTBa pa()OT nepeKpLITHB MorYT 6blTb C60pHbIMH, MOHOnHTH"UMH H
c()op H 0" M OHonHTHbI MH.
PeKoM
H
YeTCH npoeKTHpoBaTb c()opHble nepeKp
THB nH()o nO
HO-
CTblO no THnOBblM qepTe>KaM ,neucTByrolUHX cepHA, nH60 C HcnOnb30Ba-
HHeM OT,neJlbHbIX THnOBblX C()OpHblX 9neMeHTOB.
3.144. PeKOMeH,lI.8l{HH no KOHCTpYHpoBaHHIO MOHonHTHblX 6a""'lHbIX
lIepeKpblTIiA npHBe,lleHbl B pa3,II.eJIaX HaCTOH
ero PYKOBO.lICTBa, B .K()TO-
pblX H3n8ralOTCH BonpocLI KOHCTPYHPOB3HHH nnHT H ()aJlOK.
npaBHJla KOHCTPYHPOB8HHH C60PHblX ne-
v
peKpbITHH H3 THnOBblX 9JleMeHTOB onpe,II.cJul"
IOTCB cooTBeTCTBYIO
HMH THnOBblMH cepHstMH.
3.145. npH npoeKTHpoBaHHH C60PHO-MO"
HonH1'HbIX nepeKpLI1'HA ,lI.nH o6e
neQeHHH y
o-
BHH H3fOT0BJ1eHHH KOHCTPYKllHH, AOnrOBeqHO..
C1'H H COBMecTHOH pa60TbI apMaTypbI H ()eToHa
Ha,lJ.Jle>KHT BbIflOnHHTb KOHCTpYKTHBHble Tpc60.
BaHHB, H3nO>KeHHble B HaCTOH
eM PYKOBO.n"
CTBe, a TalOKe cJIe,II.ytolUHe peKoMeH,lI.allHu.
,nnH nOBhlweHHH HHAycTpH8nH3al{HH H3ro..
TOBJIeHHB H MOHTa}Ka C()OpHo"MoHonHTHbIx
1(0HCTPYKl{HH lleJIecoo()pa3Ho npHMeHRTb Kpyn..
Hble C()opHble 9neMeHTbl H pacnonar8Tb B HfiX
OCHOBHYro 'IaCTb pa60'leH npO,II.OnbHOH pacTH"
v
nyTOH apM3TypLI.
3.146. Ha nOBepxHocTHX C()OpHbIX 9J1eMeH"
TOB, conpHKacalO
HxcB C .lIOnOJIHHTenbHO yno-
>KeHHhlM 6eroHoM, cne.lIYeT YCTp3HBaTb wnOH"
KH, wepoxoBaTocTb nOBepxHOCTeii KOHT8KTa,
npoAonbHble BbIcTynbl H na3b1, B COOTBeTCTBHH
C paCqeTHblMH HnH KOHCTPYKTHBHblMH Tpe()o-
B8HIIBMH BblnycKaTb apMaTYPY.
UJepoxoBaTocTb nOBepxHocTH M01KeT 6blTb
AOcTHrnyT8 eCTeCTBeHHblM (He38rna>KeHHbIA
nEPEKPblTHSI
a)
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PHC. 109. UUnoHKH
a - TpeyroJlbHble; 6-npH"
MoyroJlbHble; I - C6GpHhiA
9J1eMeHT: 2 - .IIenollHU"
TenbHO YJIO.H<eHHISIA 6e-rOH
139
6e-rOH) H HCKYCCTBeHHhIM n}'TeM (H8CellK3, 06AHpKa nOBepXHOCTHOrO
C.r.OSJ, XHMJiQeCKHH cnoc06 " J1p.).
IllnOHKII (pHC. 109) H COnpH>KeHHH, nOK3saHHhIe H3 pHC. 110, peKo-
tv!eHJ(yeTcH YCTpaHB3Tb no nosepxHoCTHM, r).{e S3TpYAlteHO nOJlyqeHHe
eCTecTneHHoH wepoxoB3TOCTif (H3npHMep, no nOBepxHocTHM, conpHKaca-
ICIl1HMCH C on3ny6KoA).
BbInycKH 3PM3TyphI, K3K npaBHno, .nOJI>KHhI 6b1Tb npo.nOJl>KeHHeM
o .. _
XO!\IYT08, nonepellHhIx CTep>KHeH CBapHbJX KapKacoB, npo.nOJlbHOH pa-
a) 1
3 2
6)
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PUC. 110. ConpSUKeHHH C60PHhIX 9neMeHTOB C J10nOJlHHTeJlbHO YJ10)J<€H-
HbIM oeToHoM
a - pHreJ1S1 c n.nHTB MH: 6 - TI..'IHT_ Me>K.ltY co6of1; I - C(5oPHb1i't 9neMeHT; 2 - AO
no.nlfHTeJIbHO ynO>KeHHbJU 6eTOH; 3 - npo,no/tbllblA BblcTyn HJlH nas
1-1
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PIIC. 111. BblnycKH apfyl8TypbI H3 C60PHblX 9neMeHTOB
a - nonepe'lHoA; 6 - npoJJ.onbHoft
"II
q= =={
OO'1€H apM3Typbl (pHC. Ill). lJTo6bI He ycnO)J<HSlTb H3rOTOBJIeHHSI c60p..
HbIX 3JIeMeH'fOB, peKOMeHJ(yercSi BbInYCKaTb 8pMaTYPY, no B03MO:>KHOC-
TH, 113 CBo60.fl.HbIX OT onany6KH n08epXHOCTeM. BblnYCKaeMble CTeplK-
Hit .nOJl>KHbJ HMeTb H3.ne>KHYJO 8 HKepOBKY B .nonOJlHHTe
T1bHO YJIO:>KeHHOl\l1
oeToHe.
3.147. npH pacnOJIO}KeHHH apMaTypbl B J(onOJIHHTenbliO ynO>KeH-
HOM 6eToHe neooxoAu.MO npe,llycMaTpHBaTb a330pbI Me>KJIY 3pM3Typcii
H nOBepxHocTblO c6opHoro 9JICMeHTa, a TaK}Ke Me>K.ny ,.pH.naMu 3pMa-
TYPbl coce,llHHX C60PHbIX 3neMeHTOB. o6eCneQH881011UIE
ano...1HeHHe WHOB
e10HOM Hno p3CTBOPO.M H 3aw.HTY 3PM3Typbl OT KOpp030U.
140
3.148. B C60PHO-MOHOJIHTHhIX KOHcrPYKL(IUIX, H3 onop3x I<OTOpblX
8 pe3YJlbT3Te 33MOHOnlfllHB3HHH CTbIKOB (CBapJ{lI 8blnYCKOB 3PM8Typbl;
YKn 3 JlKH B
BaX Me>K.ny 9J1eMeHT3MH .nOnOJlHHTenbHOii 3pMaTYP
I. ne-
peKpblB310IneH CTbIK; ycr3HOBKH nOBepX CTbIKyeMbIx KOHCTPYK1(HH .iI<e..
,JIe30()eTOHHbIX 5JIeMeHTOB. nepeKphIBalOll1HX CThIK, D )1p.) (pHC. t 12-
t 14) Moryr B03HHKHYTb OTpHU3TeJIbHble onopHbIe MOMeHTbI, peKoMeH-
.nyeTCH Ha3H
qaTb nnolIta.nb CeqeHHB HallonopHoH apM3TyphI 8 COOTneT"
CTBIID C AeHCTBYlOlItHMH IIOpMaTHBHhIMH .nOKYMeHTaMH nO paCtIeTy
cTaTHqeCKH Heonpe.neJ1HMbIX >KeJIe306eTOHHblX KOHCTPYKQ.HH C yqeTOM
nepepacnpeAeneHHB YCHnHH. MeCTa 06phIB3 9TOH apMaTypbl onpeAeJUl-
toT corn3CHO n. 3.40 rJlaBbI CHHn 11-.21-15.
3.149. npH npoeKTHpoB3HHH C60pHbIX nepeKphITHH AOn>KHO "pe.n..
YCM3TpRB3TbCH ycrpOHC1'BO WBOB rvte>K.ny OT,neJlhHblMH 9
eMeHT3MH,
33nonHSleMblX oeToHoM. lUHpHHa WBOB H83H3QaeTCH H3 ycnOBHH 06ec...
neqeHHH KaqecTBeHHoro 3anOJIHeHHSI IIX H Jl.OJ1>KHa COCTBBnHTb lie Me..
Hee 20 MM .nJIB 9neMeHT08 BblCOTOH ceQeHHSJ .no 250 MM H lie MeHee
30 MM np" 9JIeMeUTCiX 60nbllleH BblCOTbl.
npH 9TOM AOJl>KH3 6hlTb 06eCneQeH3 B03MO}KHOCTb pa3MeweHltH
cTblKyeMoH 3pMaTypbl HJIH saKna.nHhlX )1eTaJ1efi II HX H3Ae>KHoft cBapKH.
3.150. .lI.JIH 33MOHOJlINHBaHHH CTblKOB C60pHbIX >Kene306CTOHHbIX
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Hoe nOKphITHe OJlH03Ta>KHO-
ro npOMhIllJnel-nlOrO 3,llaHHH
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COOTBeTCTBHH C n. 3.141.
B BepxHeA qaCTH KonOHH B MeCTax
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pyercH TOJIbKO HH>KHSIH nnHTa, ,lI.JIH CTbIKOBKH KapK3coB CTeH C ,lI.HH-
lUeM c.'Ie,lI.yer npe,nycMaTpHBaTb Cnel{HanbHble rHYTble CTblKOBbIe CeTKH.
ApMHpoB8HHe ytlaCTKOB TOHueneii co CJJO>KHoii KOHQ>HrYP8l(Hel
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HbIl\1H ceTR8MU Hnu KapKac8MH H CHaO>KaIOTCJl BblnycKaf\.fH 8pM3Typbl
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PHIOIIUiMHCH.
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BMnnHTYAbI CliJIbI oOJIee 100 ({rc.
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a
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1eHTOB 11 pe3Kofo H3MeHeHHH
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BXO,ll,RlUHX yrJIOB H T. n. OrnepCTIIH peKOl\feH,ll,yeTcH YCTpal1BBTb Kpyr-
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yr JIbl ero cneJlyeT CK pyr JlHTb.
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nO,lI.Bep>KeHHbIX B03,ll,eHCTBHIO ,ll,HHaMHQeCKHX HarpY30K, cne,ll,yer npuMe..
HHTb apM3TYPY, YKa33HHYlO B n: 1.11 C yqeTOM YKa33HHA n. 1.14 113.
CTOflwero PYKOBO.nCTB3.
npH BbI60pe paCqeTHOii apMaTypbJ npeHMymecTBo CJIe,ll,yeT OTjla..
BaTb apMaType Kn3cca A...III.
npHMeHeHlie apMCiTypbl Kn8cca Ac-II 60Jlee 9clJq)eKTIIBHO B Kon..
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CD H3rpY3KH npH K09.pq)HlI. H eHTe aCIiMMeTpliH
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pyKlI.HRX, nO,llBep}l{eHHblX ,ltHHa1\fHQeCKH1\1 H8rpY3Kal\1, cJle.nyeT npHMeHHTb
s cOOTBeTCTBHH C npHJI. 3.
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sep1KeUHhlX JUiU8l\1HlleCKoH HarpY3Ke, CJIe,ll,yeT npOH3BOJI,HTb C yqeTOM
YKa3aH
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penycKB Heo6xo,nHMO YCTaHaBJIHB8Tb ,nonOJIHHTenbHYIO nOnepeqHYlo ap-
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fi. 4.1 BenMlJHHhI, ,nOJIiI\Hbl HMeTh KOCBeHlIoe apMnpoBaHHe B COOTBeTCT-
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A-II, ,ll,H8MeTpOM 12-14 1\tM.
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ft, % nno
a,nH ceLleHHH 6eToHa B >KeJ1e300eToHHbIX 9neMeHTax KOH-
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pHC. 18.
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