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Автор: Колесниченко О.В.
Теги: электротехника детали машин передачи (механические) подъемно-транспортное оборудование крепежные средства смазка радиосвязь и радиовещание видео телевидение магнитофоны
ISBN: 5-86617-008-6
Год: 1995
Текст
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1 Pe>KMM IlrOTOBHOCTb K BocnpoM3se,qeHMto ll ................ 13
1.1 EJIOK nHTaHHSI................................................................. 13
1.2 YCTpOUCTBO :3aIl.{HTbl BM............................................... 14
1.3 AHTellHblU YCHJIHTenb-pacnpc,!J,emneJIb ......................... 16
1.4 TaHMep.............................................................................. 17
1.5 3JICKl'pOHHOe ynpaBJIemTC pe>KHMaMH pa60TbI BM ",h. 17
1.6 MexaHH3M 3anpaBKH neHTbl B JIIIM ............................. .18
1.7 BH,D.COCHCTeMbl opMaTa Video-8 H Hi-8................._. 21
1.8 Y CTpOHCTBO 3anpaBKH JIeHTbl B BH,!J,eoKaMcpax
opMaTa Beta ...... s... ........ .................. ......... ... ... .... ........ ......... ....... 23
1.9 MexaHH3M Cra6liJIH3aTOpa HaTs:f)f(eHHSI MarllHTHOU
J1 II1lJ)I............................................................................... :lLJ
1.10 ABToMaTH1JeCKa.sl 01JHCTKa BH,LJ;eOrOJIOBOK .................. 26
2 Pa60Ta 8M B pe>KMMe IIBocnpoM3seAeHMe" ................ 27
2.1 Pa50Ta CAP B pe)l(HMe "BocnpoH3Be)J,eHHe" ................34
2.2 CAP EBr ............................................................................ 34
2.3 CAP CKOpOC'rH )J,BH)I(CIIHSI JIeHTbl ................................... 35
2.4 KaHaJ1 3B}l<ODoro COnpOBO:>K,.1J;eHHSI................................ 37
2.4a KaHaJI Hi-Fi 3B)'KODoro COnPOBO:>K,.1J;eHHSI.................... 38
2.5 CUCTeMa ,l];liHaMH1JeCKOrO aBToTpeKHHra (DTF) ........... 39
3 BocnpoM3BeAeHMe CMrHal1a RpKOCTM ............................ 42
3.1 EnoK BpaIl{alOIl{HXCSI r01JOBOK .................................._.... 42
3.2 TIpe,ABapHTeJIbHblH BIi}],eoYCH1JHTCJlb .............................46
3.3 Y CHJIHTCJIb "tlM CHrHaJIa SJpKOCTH Ii .n;eTCKTOp
Bbllla,neHHH.... ...... ..... ........ ...... ..... .... .....11.11.............. ... ..... ..... ...47
3.4 TIO,lJ;aBJIetme CHrHaJla LtBeTHOCTH ................................... 48
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CHr.H8Jla. ......... ..... ........................ ....... ........ ........ .............. ...... 57
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9
4 Bocnpo..3Be,ReHMe CMrHana LlBeTHOCTM........................ 61
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4.43361875 (FFTo) ................ .................................... ....... 67
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4.7 BblCOKOqaCTOTHblH npeo6pa30BaTCJIb ........................... 68
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5 Pa60Ta BM B pe)l(MM8 "3an"cb" ...................................... 72
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5.7 I"IoJIo()()Boii £l>li1Ib1r(>.......................................................79
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5.17 CTaH,o:apTHble npe ICKa}KeHHSI .................................... 88
5.18 qM MO.lI,YJISlTOp............................................................. 88
5.19 qM npc.lI,bJCKa)f(eHHSI ....................................................89
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10
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()I1I'()J3() IIJi5l............................................................
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7.5 CHC'I"eMa VPS .................................................................. 181
8 nOMCK HeMcnpaBHocTeM................................................. 1"85
9 XapaKTepHbfe HeMcnpaBHocTM, MeTOAbl
MX nOMCKa ... YCTpaHeHMJI ............................................ 188
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11 T epMMHbl M nOHRTMA BM eOTeXHMKH. ..........m............ 224
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MM/c 6YJICT onpC,!ICJUlThCSI Bblp8)KCJrnCM (CM. cTp. 97):
v = D 1t 25
H8npSljKeirnC ynpaBJICIDUI (PHC. 9), clJopMHPYCMOC Ha
BbIXO..1:C YCTpO:HCTBa cpaBllemrn (clJa30Boro ,IUIcKpHMlma-
Topa) 1:J:epC3 ;J:onomnneJIbHbrn YCHJlliTCJTh nocTynaCT li8
WHr8TCJIb, H3MelUHI CIWpOCTh ero BpamcIDISI.
34
2. Pa60ra BI'IAeoMarHJ.1ToQJoHa B pe)f(J.1Me "Bocnpo 3Be,QeH e.
2 3 CAP CKOPOCTH BH>KEHH IlEHTbl
CAP CKOpOCTH .lXBIDKeIIIDl JICHThI Will CAP BB pa6oTa-
eT no TOMY )l(e npm-nnrny, 1:ITO H CAP EBr. 3.aecb CHI'Harr
06p3THOH CBH3H (clITH3rr; Hec)'IQMij illi4>OPMalCllO 0 CKO-
pOCTH }J)3H)I(CIDI5I JICHThI lUll) BpallI,CHlliI BB) $OpMlIpYeTCSI
CIlllXpOrOJIOBKOM I MHJ\.1O KOTopOM Tp3HcnopTHpyCTCSI rreu-
T3. 3TOT cm-Han C1lliTbIBaeTCH co CnCW'laJThIlOH npo}:(oJTh-
nOH lI,OpO>KKH ynpaBrrelfiul H HCCCT l-ll-IcpopMal(HIO 0 lrHO-
...
BelrnO" CKOpOCTH J.J:BH)I(enIDI neHTbI.
KpoMe perYmIponaHIDI CKOpOCTH }:(BlDKeHllil JIClITbI He-
o6xo,n:HMo pcryJllipOBaHllC Ii 4>a3(,1 T3K, t:IT06bI o6e BJUI;eo-
rOrrOBIGJ: Bccrp::a J.J:BHraJIHCb TO"lfilO no QCHTpY CTp01JeK Ja-
IDICH. BHCIIIHHM perymITOpOM a3bI IIJIM, KaK ero eme 1-13-
3bmLUOT, perymlTopoM rpeKillrra, YCTaHaBJllmaerCSI npa-
BH..-ThHOC nOJIO)l(CHHe Bl1)I.eoronOBOR OTHOCHTe;n,HO Mar-
IIHTHOH JIeUTbI (Ocu. 17). 3 TO oco6eHHO B3:iKHO np" 06-
MeHC BH.D:COKacccraMH, 3al1I1Cb lia KOTOpblX npOH3DeL(eH3 B
COOTBCTCTBHH C O,lU-lHM H TCM )l(e 4>opMaToM, nOCKOJIbKY,
eCJUI CD:BHr CTpOqCK 3amiCH OTHOCHTCJThHO MCCTa 3anHCH
CllllxpOIiMnYJThCa Ha ,110pO)l(J(e ynpaBneHllil npCBbll.II3eT
YCT3HOBJICliHLIH ](OnyCK WN J(aHHoH BH,l1;CoCHCTeMbI, TO
Kpyn13Ha <ppOHTa
/
-
------
r-------
U peryI1 p08Klt1
r------
-
PJ.1C. 9 np H4 n cpOpMl.1pOBaH R ynpaBnRIO erO HanpR>KeHJ.1R CAP
np pa3Il HOH KPyr""3He peryn""pOBaH R
35
....
3TO ]J;crraeT HeB03MO>KHbIM B3aHM03aMeIDIeMOCTb 3arrnCeH.
PerYnRTOpOM TpeKMHra nyTeM KpaTKOBpCMeHHOrO
YCKOpeHllil RJIH 3aMe,WIelllUl CKOpOCTl-l }J)3H)KCHlliI JleHThI
H3MeIDIeTCJi 4>a30BOC nOJIO)l(eHHe CHJ-IXpoHMnyJThCa TaK,
1JT06bI OH Bcer.n:a COBnal.(3n C HaqarrOM CTpO-qJGf 3arrnC".
,lI.IDI Toro, 1IT06bI nocrrc BKJIlO'lem.rn BM (npM 3amICH H
BOCIIpOH3Be.n:CIDm) ,lUnrraTeJTh BB 6bICTpO .nOCTHrarr CIlli-
xpOillioro pa60'lero COCTOSl1-llUl, B COCTaB CAP BJUII<p:laIOT,
TaK Ha3bmaeMbIC, ycmnrrcIDI yrraBmmalOm;ero HM:nym.ca
(PHC. 7 H 8) (p33ro1I1I8H CXCMa HJill cxeM8 yn3BJlliB3I-1lliI).
CHrHaJI .u.aT1fiIKa CKOpOCTH Bpau eullil ,l:umraTeJUI BB
':lepe3 ycrullne.iIb nocTynacr Ha tfJopMMpOBaTeJTh CHrHan3
ynpaBJIeHilll }J)3Hr3Te.rreM, H3 BbIxo.ne KOToporo 4>OpMHpy-
eTCH ynpanJUlIomec HanpH)I(eHHC, pa3rOIDIJOllJ.e e .n;nW3TeJIb
]1,0 HOMHIlaJIbHOH CKOpOCTH. ,[{3JIee, B C)'MMHp)'IOlIteM Kac-
I<a.u.e ycmnrrcIDI-qJOpMHpOB3TeIDI ynp3BJUIIOIIlerO H3npH-
)l(elllLSl cp3BmmalOTCH no 1J3CTOTC H <lJa3e CHrH3JI .u.aPIHKa
CKOpOCTH npamCHIDI l(BHraTCJUI BB II CIlliXpOIDfnyJIbCbl,
C1JlIThmaeMble CHHxpororrOBKOH C rreHTbI, C OnOp11l>1M CRr-
narrOM. Pe3YJThTaTOM cp3BHeHIUI HB.:UIeTCH HanpH)I(elllie
ynpaBrremrn, nOJU(ep>KHB3IOII(CC qaCTOT)' Bpamem-m ,D,BH-
OT 6110Ka 06pa6oTKH aHTeHHbll:1
- Hi-Fi 3BYKa BbIXO,q
Hi-Fi 4M
Mo,qymt-
TOp YB4
MOAYJ1f1TOp
:>.
C-
o
C']
:s:
en
m
J:;
Q)
t-
npeJ\Bap TeJ1bHbli:;
YCWl TeJ1b Yc m-1TeJ1b H4 BbIXOJ\
APY
\
3BYI(OBa
ronOBKa
KoppeKTOp
eTeKTOp
APY
o - OC4 I1I1orpaMM !t
6J10K pOBKa 3BYKa
cCAP
(B cne4 anbHblX pe>f( MaX
BocnpO 3BeAeH )
PHC. 10 CTPYKTYPHaR cxeMa KaHana 3BYKOBoro conpoBo>K,AeHHR
36
2. Pa60Ta s BOManutTo4>oHa B pe)lG1Me "BOCnp0I-13BB.QeHl-1e"
r8TeJUI BB CIlliXPOIDIOM CO CKOPOCTblO Bp8Iu,eHllil 6Br.
2.4 KAHAn 3BYKOBOrO COnpOBO>Kl\EHIf1f1
nOCTpOCIDfe Ii IIpmnum ,n:eHCTBIDI K8H8JI8 3B)'KOBoro
cOnpOBO)K):J:ellIDl IDJ1ieM He OT1IlPiaCTcH OT cxeMbl 06blqJIO-
ro 3B)I}(OBOrO K8Hana B MannrrmJ.>OH8x.
Ha pliC. 10 npHBe.D;CH8 CTp)'KTYPHaH cxeMa KallaJIa
3B)'K0Boro COnpOBO)K,l{CI-nUI.
HI13KOQaCTOTllliIH CHrHaJI, BocnpOM3Bo,n:HMbI.H 3D)'KO-
BOH ymmepC8JIbHOH rOJIOBKOH noc1)TIaeT Ha npmwH BXO!J:
npe.TI:BapHTeJIbHOrO YCHIDITeIDI. C BbIxo.n:a YCHmITCIDI
tJ8CTh CHrHana Qcpe3 qaCTOTHO-3aBHCHMyIO u;eIIb B03Bpa-
'"
m:aerCH H3 mmepTIlpy.IoIIUill BXO.a npe,L(BapHTeJThHOrO
ycrunneJIJl, KOppeKnIpYH ero 8MrunnY,u;Ho-QaCToTI1)1O xa-
paKTepliCTIlKY (A qX).
nOCKOm,KY nOCITe KOppeKltIDf B BocnpOM3BO.1UIMOM
3B)'KOBOM CHrHaJIe aMnmrry.n;a HeKoTopLIX IJ8CTOTHbIX co-
CTaDJOOOII{HX 11 Bcero CHf'HaJIa B U;eJIOM YMeHbllIaeTCH, OH
....
nponycKaeTCH qepe3 YCTpOHCTBO aBTOMaTIflIeCKOH pery-
JillPOBlill YCHJIeHllil (APY). APY nO.lU(ej))KHB8er H8 3a.n:aH-
HOM ypOBRe BOCnpOH3BO.IJ;HMbrn CHrHan.
):{anee, Hq CHf'Han nocrynaeT I-Ia qM Mo.n;ymlTOp ILTIf
KOHBepTep, H3 Bblxo,n:e KOToporo «popMHpyercH qM cnr-
HaJIbI 3B)'KOBOH npOMe)l(yrO'IHOH 1J8CTOTLI 5,5 Ii 5,742
Mru (CTepeo). 3T11 CHf'lIaJIbI nOCTyIlalOT B 6a1l.1JanCHbrn
MO.nyJUITOp, rJJ;e MO.nyIDIpyroTCH nO.JIHbIM BbICOKOQaCTOT-
HbIM TeJIeBI13HOHllbIM CID'HanOM. C BbIX0l1:a 6aJIaHCHOro
.... ....
Mon.yJDITOpa pa,lJ,HOqaCTOTHDm TeJICBH3HOfUlbllI CHrHan,
R8K npaBlIJIO, JJ;Han830H8 ):{MB 1J:epC3 aIITeJ-Ulbm YCI1Jlli-
TeJIb nOCTynaeT 118 aHTellllbIH BbIXO.a BM.
NI}\JVVV'Jt .
\ .J
. - L. t .
,....., ..-4 ...z.. ......................
- . :..\..
""-",-...",-j;...... -... ........:w:"
4. C11fHaJ1 3BYKOBoi1
1 000/800 n
LfaCTOTbl
8. YM Cl-1rHaJ1 ny 3BYKa (5.5 11
5.742 Mn.O MO,QYTl11poBaHHblw
no aMMHTy.qe '-IaCTOTO 800 n
37
2.4A KAHAJ1 HI-FI 3BYKOBOrO
cOnpOBO)K.QEH"'
B conpCMCIflIbIX 6bITOBbiX BM BHll.COCMrHarr 3arrnCbI-
BaCTCH HaKTIOHHo-cTI>01IHb1M MeTO]J;OM ,nB fll Bpa-
maroJ.IJ;I1MHCH rOJIOBK8MH, 8 CHrHarr 3B)'KOBOrO COnpOBO)K-
.nCHIDI - HS O.lIHOH (MOHO) HJIH !I.BYX (crepeo) npO]J;OJIb-
mIX ,l.(opo)KKax, pacnOJIO)l(elflIblX Y BepXHero Kp811 neHTI>I.
O}I,l-I8KO, B CBH3H C OqCIIb 1llI3KOH CKOpOCThIO .IlBH)I(eUllil
nCHTbI aqeCTBO BOCIIpOl-l3BO.D:HMOrO CHrHa a 3B)'KOBoro
conpOBO>K):{eHIDI e,D:Ba ffi:I MO)l(eT Yll.OBJIeTBOpHTb CTaH,!(ap-
TY DIN-45500. HH3KaJl CKOpOCTh TpaHcnOpTIlpOBaHIDI
JIeHTbI cyrnCCTBCIUIO YXY)];UIaeT Xap8KTepHCTHKH Bbma).lC-
mrli CHrH8JI8, cY)I(aeT qaCTOTH)'lO xapaKTepHCTHKY. YXYJl.-
maeI' K03q.ct>HUHeHT HemmeiiHbIX. HCK8)1(elndl, CHHXPOII-
IfOCTb " KO:3c1Jq.HUHClIT 38TYX81llU1 nepCKpeCTIlhIX HCK8:>Ke-
Irn:H CHrH8JIOB 3B:yKoBOI'O conpoBo>K,I:(eHHH no cpaBHCIDUO
C aHaJIOrH"tJRhIMll napaMeTp8MH 06bRHblX KaCCCTHhIX
MaI1llIToq.OHon.
CTcpe03aIlliCb npaKTWleCKH Hcocym;ecTBHM8 M3-38 He-
B03 0>KHOCTIl ]J;OC'I}Iq}, Heo6xo)];HMoro 3H8'Iemrn K03q.4>M-
I.\llCHTa 38Tyxam15l nepeKpeCTHbIX I1CK8)1(elmH (>60 .D.E).
Mcno.Th30BaIllIc CHCTeM myM0 nOllli)l(CHIDI, B TO I IfiICJIe Ii
8BTOM8TWleCKHX, erne 60.IThIIIC CY)I(8eT ,rornaMWlCCKHM
J];H8IIa30H BOCnpOH3Boll.HMOrO 3B)'1<0Boro CMII-tan8 H He
npHBOll.lIT K 3aMeTHbIM PC3YJIbT8TaM.
B CB060.II;fIOH 06n8CTH )XHana30na 1JaCTOT qM ClITHaJ18
HpKOCTI1 (pI1C. 17a- B) JI,JUI 3anHCH CHf'HarrOB 3B)'KOBOrO
conpoBO>K,t.1Cmrn Bhl.l(C.rrmoT ].I;Be Y3KlfC 30lThI (CTp. 97).
TIoCKOJThKY Hi-Fi tJM 3BYlCOBOH CHrHaJI (-qaCTOTHa
MO.nyJBII{IDI C MYJThTHJIJleKCHOH I'rry6IDUIOH CBSl3bID) 38Im-
CbmaeTCSI Ha MaI1-lHTH)'IO rreHTY ncpe.n Blf)];eOCMrHanOM, TO
II IIPH BOCnpOl-13BeJJ.eHIDI OH (BHJI.eOCHrHan.) 6Y.D.eT C1IlITbI-
BaThCH nepObIM.
YpOBeHh BOCnpOH3BOJJ.H-"\.wro Hi-Fi 1.IM 3ByI<oBoro
CHrH3n.a HaMHOI'O BbIIIIC ypOBIUI BOCnp0I13Bo,lI;1-Lr..-lOro BH-
.neOCHrH8Jla, TaK }(aK rrry6HH3 3amiCH 3B)'KoBoro CHrHa:.ra
cym,eCTBeIDJO npeBbIl.IlaeT rrry6HHY 33ID1CH BH,lXCOCHrHana.
38
2. Pa60Ta BWJ.eoMarH"To4loHa B pe>tG1Me uBocnpo 3Be,qeH"e"
Pa3.nerrelille BOCnpOM3BOJI;HMbIX tIM BH.nCO " 3B}'I<OBbIX
CID'H8rrOB lie npeJJ:CT8BIDIeT oco6b1x TJ>y,u;nocTeM, T.I<. 3'01
CHIl-IaJThI HMeIOT pa3Jllf1lHhIe qaCTOThI, 8 JD)'KoBbIe M BH,LI.CO
np a m8IOm;HecSI rOJIOBJill - p831IlftlHhle 83HMYTaJIbJ-IhIe
p8JBOPOThI p860qJIX 3330pOB (cTp. 97).
3830pbl Hi-Fi-3B}'KOBblX rOJIOBOI( p83Bepn)'TLl JJ:pyr
OTHOCMTe.JIbHO .apyra 1I8 + 30°.
3BYKOBOM CHTHaJI B pe e CTepeo, lWYXKaH8nhHOM
pe)KHMC HJlli MOHO MO .mtpYeTCH no qaCTOTC H 3armCbI-
B8eTCH aHaJIOf1flHO 3amiCH BHJ{eOCHrH8rr8 C ;J:onOJlllll-
TeJThfll,IM IIRJIOT-CHrHaJIOM.
,lJ,lllIaMHQecKHii .lI.H3na30H CMTHaJIOB 3B}'1<OBor'O conpo-
BO>K.ZI:eHIDI 06bPIHblX 6bITOBbIX BM HMeeT 3HaQeHMe 40
JJ:D B nOJIoce BocnpOM3BOJ.U{MblX qaCTOT 50 rU...IO KrU.
TIoJIoca 1J.aCTOT Hi-Fi qM 3B)'KoBoro CHrHaJI8 COCT8BIDIeT
20 rl..{...20 KrU npH K03q,<!>Hl.tHCHTe HCIDIHeHHbIX MCK8>Ke-
I-IJill <0,30/0 Ha q8crOTC 400 rU, no.n:.aBneIDIe nepeKpcCTHbIX
nOMCX >60 .aD H .l(HH8MlfEIeCKHH )],Han8JOH >80 .aD.
2.5 CMCTEMA .QMHAMMLleCKoro
ABTOTPEKMHrA{DTF)
CMCTeM8 DTF MCnOJTh3YCTCSI K8K npH 3aIlHCH, TaK If
np" BocnpOH3Bc.acmrn, 6JIaro.n.apH QCMY OTn8l(3CT Heo6-
XO fOCTh R 'Ipa;J;l1lJ;HOIIHOM pcrymlTopc TpCKHHI'a.
B .lU1ana30HC IJ8CTOT HH>KC IJaCTOThI npeo6pa30Balllio-
ro CHI'lIaJIa L{BeTIIOCTI1 625 KrU B pe)I(ID.[C 3aImCM OJ-UJO-
BpeMelllio C CHrHanaMI1 HpKOCTII M LlBCTHOCTlf DHJ1.Coro-
JIOBKaMM Ha nCIITY 38rrnCbm8IOTCSI .lI,onomnrre.m,lIbIC crry-
>Ke61IhIC CHrH3JThI. qacToTbl 3TMX CHrH8JIOB crrc.ay'IOIIIMe:
K. = f. =102 KII_, Kz = fz = 117 .au:, 1\:. = f3 = 149 Kf'u:,
Ki = f4 = 164 KrU
PaCnOJIOiKeUMC 3THX CHrIlanOD Ha qaCTOTIiOH OCM no-
K833110 Ha pMC. 17. TOK 3aITMCH CJI)'>KC6HblX CHrHarrOB liB I
.nE HM>Ke TOKa 3armCH CHl'H8,;}8 HpKOCTI1. :3 1"11 CHrH8.:Th1 qe-
pe3 YCTpOHCTBO KOMMYTaUHM no.n:aIOTCSI Ha BH,ileorOJlOB-
!<M. B npoucccc 3arrnCH D Ka>K,IJyIO CTp0Ifi(Y HapH.aY C CHr-
39
HaJIOM H306pa)l(eHHJI 3aIDICLIBaeTCB HH3I<01:J:aCTOTHLIH
(Hq) CHrHaJ1 O.n;HOM 83 3TI1X IJeTbIpex qaCTOT: B nepByro
CTpOKY - fl , BO BTOpyro - f2, B TpeTbIO - f3, B 'leT"
8epT)'IO - f4. )J;aJIee rnn<JI nOBTOpBeTCB CHOBa. llpH CMe-
lI{eHIDI BH,Z:J;eOrOnOBKH CO CBoeH CTp01:JXH 3aIlHCH, OHa Ha-
qm{aeT BOCnpOH3BO,WfTL CJ1)')I(e6u1>Ie CHf'HaJThI - CBOM Ii
O.n;mI 113 coce.znrnx. llpll BLIqJfTaHIDI 3TI1X CHrHaJIOB J]JJyr
H3 .upyra Bbl)1.eIDIeTCB pa3110CTHblli ClITHan, O,lUl03Ha'tJ:HO
HCCyr.uHH IfiIctJOpMawno 0 nOJlO)l(eHIDI BH,aeOrOJlOBKH.
TaK, HarrpHMep, eCIDI Bf pacnOJlaraeTCB Ha BTOpoil
CTpO'lKe3aITHCH,TO
AFI::: f1 - fl = 15 ad'Q u AFz = f3 - fI = 47 Jd'n.
llpH CMernCHIDI BlJ,I{eOrOJlOBKH BJleBO, Korre6aHIDJ C
qaCTOTOH FI = 15 Kfu. 6y.nyr HMeTb 60JThmIDI pa3Max,
1:J:CM CMTHaJl "lJaCTOTOH AF2 = 47 Kfu. CHrnaJThI C yxa3aH-
HbThUI pa3110CTHbIMH 1iaCTOTaMH .lI.crCKTI1pyroTCB If nocTY-
naroT Ha YCTpOiiCTBO cpaBHeHIDJ, Ha BbIxo.n:e KOToporo
cj>OpMHpYCTCB ynpaBmuornec HanpH}I(efrne.
CpaBHelule aMllIDIryJJ: pa3HoCTHbiX CMTHaJlOB ]J.aeT
B03MO:>KHOCTh nOJJ.l(ep>KHBaTb nOJlO)l(CIDIe Dl-I)J;eOrOrrOBOK
CTporo no u.eHTpY cTp01ieK 3aITHCH. YnpaBmuom.ee Ha-
ynpaBf1S'1IOL4ee
HanpR'>l<eH",e
IU
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I HenO,lJ,s...>I<HbIM ,IJ,"'CK 6Sr
, , / -, , , , /", , , ,
P C. 11 KOHCTPYK4HA 6Sr c c cTeMo A HaMIII"'IeCKOrO aBTOTpe Hra
DTF
40
2. PacoTa B ,qeoMaI1iMTocpoHa B pe>lG1Me "Bocnpolo13B9AeHMe"
npH)J(eHMC qepe3 Bpamaror.wrncg TpaHCc}JopM8TOp nOJ1.8eT-
CH Ha me30KepaMIflecKHe nJIaCTHHbI, H8 KOTOpbIX ycra-
HOBJIellbI BlI)J;eorOJIOBKH. B pe3YJIbTaTe qero no.n; .z:teifcTI3H-
CM CHrHaJIa ynpaBJIc:mrn rnIaCTIDJ:b1 H3rn6aroTcH, H3MeHIDI
. nOJIO:>KeHHe BH..LJ;eorOJIOBOK Ha CTpoqJ(ax 3arrn.cH.
HaJll1\fi1e rnCTepe3Hca y me30KepaMWlCCKHx nJI8CTHH
He n03BOIDICT rapalITHpOB8Th CT86HJIbHOe nOJIO:>KeHMC BH-
.u;eorOJIOBOJ< (BI) rIpH 3arrnCH. B 3TOM pe>KHMe He06x.0.D:H-
MO HX .o;HHaMlfleCKoe perymrpoBaHHe 8 lIa'I8JIe CTpOq](H
3arrnCH. .IJ;IDI 3Toro 8 nepHOJI; c}JOpMHpOB81illH nepBOH Br
HOBOH CTpOq](H 38IDICH CII8'IaJI8 npOH3BO.n;HTCH C1JHTbIBa-
IDle CHrnaJI8 qaCTOTOH f5 =222,955 Kru:, 3arrnC81ffioro 118
npC,l(blJ1YI..U eM CTp01fl<e 80 BpeMH ,ZJ;CMCTBIDI K8;:q>OBoro ra-
cmnero HMnyJIbca nom-lOro BH;.:J:eOCHf'HaJIa. 3TOT crry>l<c6-
mm CHIl-laJI (f5) COCTOHT H3 rurrn naKeTOB KOJIc6al-lHii 06-
II(CU npO.n;OJDICHTCJIbHoCThro 1,5 ,nIDfTCJIbHOCTII TeJIeBH3H-
OIllIOn CTpOIGI (96 MI<c). AMnmITY,D;a C1ffiTamlOrO CHrH8.:rIa
3 an OMIDI8 eTClI , nOCJIe 'Iero nepBOH )I(e Br npOH3BO,IXHTCH
CHOBa 3arrnCb elUe IUlTH naKeTOB qacrOThI fs B TeqClllie
CJIeJI;YJOlUHx 96 MKC, KOTopbIe C1JHThmaIOTCH BTOpOH Br
npH c}Jopr-.rnponal-lliH CJIe,nyroI.IJ;eH CTpOlili. ITocblJIIGl KOJIe-
6alfHi:i C qaCTOTOM fs cpaBHHB8lOTClI no aMrunny.rr.c C 3a-
nOMHel-llibIM p8Hee 3HaQeHHCM, H, B c.rryqac ux HCCOBnaD,e-
HIDI, npRBo,D; O.u;HOH H3 Br npHBo.lI:HTcH B ,lJ;BH:>KCHHC,
ycrpaHIDI oIIIH6KY. B npOTHBHOM CJ'I)'"tJac nOJIO)I(eHHe Br
no.rw;ep>KHBaeTCH HCH3MCI-IHbIM.
4J
,
-.
-
3 BOCnp0L-13BE.QEHL-1E CL-1rHAflA
.f1PKOCT
CrpYKTypHaH cxeMa KaHa"'Ia BOcnpOII3Be"aeI-GUI curHana
HpKOCTM ;:(aeT HarJUljI,HOe npeJJ;CT8BnellliC 0 XOL{e npoL{CC-
COB B pe)l(}Thfe BOcnpOH3Be.n;eHllil (PHC. 12). .n;:rn nOKamn8-
wrn neHCIIp, aBHocTcH CBg381fiIblX C 3TIiM KanaJIOM Heo6-
XO.n;MMO npOCJIc,l1;HTb npOXO)l()]:elllie ClIT1.tan8 OT MeCTa ero
<pOpMllpOB8Hlli1 (EBf) J1..0 BbIXOna -qaCTOTHoro JJ;CMOJJYmI-
Topa.
3.1 6nOK BPAIltAIOLL\MXCJI ronOBOK
EBr COCTOIIT H3 .n;oyx. LtHJDII-I.1XP0B H cTaUHoHapHoH
6a3L1. BepXllll.ii I.IIP nOJUUDKHhrn. Ha HeM KpCruITC.H:
BlUI;eoronOBKH. Hmtarnii, HCnO.n;BIDKHbm LtHJDII-I.1XP Kpe-
mITCR BIDITaMH K 6a3C EBr, KOTOp8» B CBOIO 01Jep e llP
)Kecmo :KpeIDITCH K maCCH JInM (OCIIOBHOH 6a3e).
[(HillIH,lJJ>bl BBr CJ{enaHhI H3 aJllOMmrneBOro .J1HThg
Jlli60 xpOMOHHKeJllieBOrO CnJI3Ba II nOBepXHOCTb IIX TOIJHO
o6pa6oTaH8 no cneIJ;H8JThHOH TeXHononrn:. HH)I(}{IDI Q8CTL
(CT81UIOHapHag) EBr, Ha KOTOpOH paCnOJImKeH lIanpan-
muonnrn oa3 neHTbI, nOKpbITa CneUHaJThHbIM CIUIaBOM H3
BbICOKOnerHpOBamlOH alITHManmrnOH XpOMOHHKemlCBO H
CTaJlli C IDI3KIDrI TCMnepaTypHbIM K03 $Hl{HeIITOM.
3TOT CIUI8B, H8HeceHHbrn H8 rna)I.KO OTno;rnpOBaHH}'IO
nOBepXHOCTb EBr YJJ;cp>KHBaeT rreHT)' rrpH rrepCXOL{C C HC-
nOj.U1H)I(lIOH Ha nO,D;BH)KI-I)'IO QaCTb 6apa6aH8 B ,nonycm-
MblX npcJJ;errax (norpelilllOCTb 3a30pa :f:16 MKC). Bpal..QalO-
lIurnCH .IJ;HCK EBr cHa6>KCH CneUHaJThHhIMH >KCJlo6KaMH.
E;:raro.n;apH 3TIIM )l(eJI06KaM npH BocnpOH3Bc,ncmm H 3a-
mlCH MC)I()]y 6apa6aHOM H rreHTOH o6pa3ycrcH B03.uyIII11aH
nO.lJYllIKa, YMeHbmalOmaH TpeHlle Me)l()Jy MarIDITHOH .rreH-
TOM H Br. I1pHKocHoBeIDIe naJThQaMH J( nOBepXHocrn
EBr HC.n;OnyCTHMO, nOCKOJThKY nOTOBbJe DLI..aeJIeI-GUI qe.:IO-
BCKa co,u:ep)l(aT B cc6e BCl..QcCT8a, pa3'Le.iIaIOIIJ;He nOBepx-
42
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4BeTHbiX nonoc 4_43 Mru FAT
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w.e 4BeTHOCTI>1 (4.43 Mr4 )
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44
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nonoe (C)
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3. BocnpoM3B9AeHilie CilirHarta s:!pKOCTM
HOCTb lUiJIMH.Lq>OB.
Ha BpaUJ;alOrnCMCH ,nHCKe pa3MCrnCHbI 1JeTblpe Marmrr-
Hble rOJIOBK" (.n;oe BH,l(CO H we aYD;HO - Hi.Fi). 3nf ro-
JIOBK" C.lI.crraHbI "3 CnCQHaJIbHOrO cpeppHTa H, B 3aBHCH-
MOCTH OT HCnOJlllCHIDI H H3rOTOBJICIfiUI, pa3MCm;aIOTCH lIa
orrpC.lI.cnelllibIX pacCTOmntSlX .z:q>yr OT .zq>yra H MOryr 6LITb
3aKpcrrJICHbl (npH HaJIH1lliH CHCTCMbI DTF) Ha m.eJOKepa-
MH'IeCKHX nn8CTIfilaX.
,l(IDI nO,1J;aBJICIDUI nepCKpCCTHOH nOMCXH c coce.wJHX
CTpO'leI< 3amIC" yrml 3aJOpOB BH.ZI;cOrorrOBOK pa mopa1fil-
BalOT B paJHblC CTopoml (a3HMyraJIbHbrH yrOJI, CTp. 97).
AJHMyraJIbHOC OCJIa6JICHHC CHrHaJIOB COce.n;HHX CTp0qeK
,n:OCTaT01ffiO BCJlMKO, 'ITO nOJBOIDIeT 3cpcpCKTHBHO nO.LI:aB-
mITb qM COCTaBJDIIOIItHe nepcKpCCTHoH nOMCXH.
A3HMyraJThHblX pa3BopoTOB pa601lHx 3a30poD BI1):(CO.
rOllOBOK, RaI< npaBHJIO, .n;OCTaT01filO ]I)UI no.n;aBrreHHSI nc-
peKpcCTHbIx rrOMcx (oCJI86rrCIDIC CHI1laJIOB coce.rnrnx cTpo-
'leK ,D;OCTHI'aeT 30 .n;E)1 OlJ}laKO 3TOT cnoco6 CTaHOBHTCH
MaJI03 eKTHBmUM npe06paJOBaHJIOrO CHrH a JIa
UBeTHOCTH (627 I<ru;). l1MelflIo no 3TOH npWIHHe B BM
cpopMaT8 Beta npHMCIDIIOT pa3,D;eJIbH)flO 3amICb Cl1I'HaJIOB
1IpKOCTII H IlBeTHOCrn COOTBeTCTByroIICHMH nap8MH Bpa-
IuaIOI..ItHXCH rOJIOBOI< ('lCThIpcxrOllOBOllIIbIM EBI). B BM
JIP)TIIx opMaToB ,WISI no.n;aBJICHIDI ncpcKpcCTI-IbIX nOMex B
I<aH81IC I.J;BeTHOCTII IIpHMCwnoT rpC6CI-J1J8TbIC H.ThTpbI.
,[(IDI nepc a1fiI ClIrHallOB C BH,[(COrOnOBOK npHMCIDIIOT
Bpam.aroI..J:UIi:icH CPCPpHTOBbrH TpaHccpopMaTop. Bpamaro-
IIUlliCH TpaHc opMaTop npe.n;CTaB.rI.lICT C060 " lIBa KOHUCU-
'I1HPICCKHX KOHTaKTIlliIX KOJIbQa c pacCTom-rncM MC)f(JIJ'
IiliMH 0,07 MM. O)1,HO KOJIbl.{O KpCIDITCH Ha IDI)f(JfCH Heno-
,lJ:BH)f(HOH rro.rrommc EBr, a .zq>yraR - Ha Bpa:rnaromCMCR
6apa6aHe C BH.II:eoronOBKaMH.
ECJlli, KaK 3TO 6bIJIO B rrepBblx MO.n:CIliIX BM, Br BK.:nO-
1Jeml nocrre,n:oBaTeJIbHO (:::::: 3 .QE), TO no BTOplfllllO H 06-
MOTKe 6y.n;CT H8nO,lUlTCJI nenpepblBHbrH em-Han, nooqepe.a-
HO CIJHTLIB8CMbrn 06eHMH Br. rIpH 3TOM IIco6XOJI;l1Mo,
QT06bI K MOMCHT)' Ha'laJIa C1fiITbmaUIDI HHclJopMaUHH Br2,
Br 1 ,u:OJDKH8 BLlHTM H3 KOHT8I<Ta C ManrnTHOH JIeHTOH,
T.e, nepCI<pbITIIC IlH<J)QPMaQIDI HC,aonyCTHMO.
45
.
Ecmf Br BKJIIOIJeHbI OI',neJIbHO, Ra)K,.1XaSl K cBocH ncp-
BWDIOM 06MOTKe, TO BO BTOpH IHbIX 06MOTKaX 6y.ayr 1-{3-
BOjI:HTCSI CHrHaJThI Br 1 II Br2 C ncpcKpbITHeM 3-5 CTpOK,
KOTopbIe nO:))Ke KOMMYTHP)'IOTCH 3ncKTpoHHhIM nepeKmo-
qaTCrrCM. MOMCHT nepeKJllOIJelIIDI pacnOJIO)KeH B cepelU1He
oonacTH nepeKpbITHH (CM. HeMcnpaDlIOCTb 34 11 OCLt. 28).
3.2 nPE BAP TEnbHbIM BM EOYC n TEnb
BocnpOH3BOJnlMhrH qM CI1l'H31I co BTOpWIHOH 06MOT-
IGI BpamalOmerOCH TpaHc opMaTopa IIOCT)TI3eT lIa roJa
n.IT.CHTHqJfbIX npe.lJ:BapHTCJThHbIX YCH..'lliTeJUI BOCnpOH3BC-
.n:.CIUUI. B npC.n;napHTCJThIIbIX YCHIDrrC1llIX qM CMrHalI IIp-
KOCTH H npe06pa30B3HHbrn CHrH31l LtBCTHOCTH YCRlTII-
B310TCH no Hco6xo;:I;HMoro ypOBl-liI.
T 3K KaK B Honcfu.mJ:x B M C MalIbIM paCXOJJ;OM nCHI'LI
UIHpMJIa CTpOqCK 3amiCH OIJCHb MalIa (CM. CTp. 97), .lJ.,U
norrytIcHIDI JJ;OCTaT01fl1O DLICOKoro OTHomcmuJ. CMr-
Ha "IlIII)'M B Ka1JeCTBC BXO.ro-lliIX KaCKa.nOB npeJJ;BapHTeJThHO-
('0 YCHJIJ1TCWI npHMCIUUOI' TpaH3HCTOpbI HJIH IDITerpaJIb-
HbIe cxeMLI c OIJeHb MalIblM K03 m.nICHTOM C06CTBCHHbIX
IDyMOB.
Ha Bblxo.n:ax npCD:B3pHTCJThHbIX YCll1llITCJ1CH 4JOPMH-
PYIOTCH, B 3aBHCMMoCTM 01.' HcnOIDIclllUI H Ko eI1UIDl,
llM CHrH3JIbI aMn.m-nYAoH HCCKOJThKO COT MHJIJlliBO.:IbT B
BH.l(C qM naKeTOB, C.lJ:BIUI)'TbIX .n:pyr OTHOCHTCJIbHO APyra
no cp33C H3 180 0 . ll3cToTa crrc.n:OBalum naKeTOB npH CKO-
pOCTH BpamCHIDI EBr 1500 06/MHH COCTaBIDIeT 25 rQ
(ocu. 7, 23, 25, cTp. 44, 186) CHHXpOIlliO C HMnyJThCaMM nc-
peKJII01JeHH.H Br qaCTOTOH 25 rQ (oeu. 13, cTp. 31). TIpH
K3)I()IOM nOBopoTe EBr IIa 180 0 H3 BXO,n npC;:I;BapHTCJTh-
IIMX YCI-IJIHTCnCH: nOCT)'naIOT nooqepe)U1O CHrHaJIbI C Brl
H Br2.
D:I3ro.aapj{ ClITHany nepeKJIIOqelnHI Bll.l.I.coronOBOK
(npe.n)'CH!UfTeJlci1) H3 BLIXO,aC KOMMYTaTopa, IIOOqepe.LI.Ho
noro<moqaror.ncroc» K llbIXO,n:3M npCJ];BapMTeJIhHbIX BH.II,eO-
YCHJIHTC.rrCM cpOpMMPYCTC» HenpepbmllLIH qM Cl1rllan C HC-
3na IfiITeJThllhIMM nepeKpLITH.KMH.
MOMeHT nepCKillOqCHIDI YCT3HaBJIHDae-rCH: B npcACJIaX
5...11 CTpOK J].O Ha1JaJI3 (<ppOIITa) Kalq)oBOf'O CHUXPOH.M-
46
3. BOCnp0L-13BeAeH"6 CL-1rHana PKOCT"
nymca T.e. B MOMenT, KOr;:I:a BTOpag Br BXO;rHT U KOHTaKT
C ManmTHOH nCHTOH (OCL"(. 30).
IIo;ryqeHHbm TaKHM o6pa30M Henpepbmmrn IIM cnr-
Harr nOCTyllaeT H8 YCHlIHTeJTh-KOppeKTop, n KOTOpOM ny-
TCM nplIMeHcuIDI QaCTOrnO-38BHClL\fOH oTplfi.{aTeJIhHOH
06paTIIOM CBR3H «jJOpMHp)'CTCH npHMepHO JlliHCHHaH X8-
p8l<TcpHCTHKa YCJL1JelllUl BXOJJ:Horo CHf'HaJIa ( J"IHHCalnlJa-
!Urn OC)'IIJ:CCTBIDICTCH nyTcM KOppeKl.{HH 1:faCTO'IHOH xapaK-
Tcpncnnrn BH,lI,eororrOBOK If npHM:CHCHIDI CHCTCMbI APY)
(puc. 13a, 6, c-rp. 49).
-
t
.
,-
I' ."
,
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30. S3alilMHoe nOllO>KeHlile
BL-1,qeoCHrHana iii HMnYllbCa
J<OMMyr a 4\-UlI Sf (OTCTOHT OT
KaAPOBoro CL-1HXpolilMnYllbca
Ha 7 CTpOK)
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3TO OC06ClfllO B81KHO .lCDI IDf3KOIJ8CTOTHOro npeo6pa-
30BaWIOro CHrHaJI8 I..{BCTHOCTH, nOCKOJIbKY, B npoTl-mllOM
c ac, CIiJIbHO HCKa)f(8rraCb 61,1 ero 3MmrnTy;:I:3.
)];aJlee BLIXO)U:lOH CHrH8n YCllJIHTeJUI-KOppCKTopa
clm..1ThTp8MH pa3J{cIDIeTCS H8 qM CHrHan: BpKOCTII H CIIrlIaJI
l{BCTHOCTH.
3.3 YCM1U1TEnb 4M CMrHAnA PKOCTM M
.QETEKTOP BblnA.QEHMM
C BLIXO;:I:8 KoppeKTHpyrom;ero YCHIDneIDI 1.JM cnrHan:
RpKOCTII nOCT)'I18CT 113 }'crpOHCTBO APY. Y cTpoikTBO
APY npe.1nla31-I81IeHO .nIDI ycrpaHCHIDI napa:nmfOM 8\f-
IDllrry,lJ,I10H M0lO'IDIltHH (TIAM) B BOCnpOH3BOJJ.HMOM 1:lM
CHrHarre, B03HHKalOm;eH H3-3a HapymeliIDI KOHT8KTa Br C
MannITIIOH neHTOH, II nOMep}f(aIDUI nOCTomnn.1M ypOBHH
qM CHI'Hana. B COCTaB APY BXO)J;HT eTCI<TOp APY, «j>op-
MMPyror.mill CHrHaJI ynpanJIellIDI K03«jJ$mmeHTOM YCHJIC-
IlliH APY. ,lJ;C'rCI<TOp APY pa60Tae-l' TaKHM 06pa30M, IJTO
M8JIOMY ypOBIDO 11M CHrHaJI8 COOTBeTCTBYCT IDf3KHH
ypOBCHb nanpH)I(CmUl ynpanrreIllIH, KOTOpLrH )'Be.Jlli1lllB8eT
47
--
-
u
"
........
......
......
"
"
" S-VHS + Hi8
",,
"
"
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......
......
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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f (MHz)
P c. 13 AMnJU1TY.QHO-\faCTOTHble xapaKTep CT 1G1 B .qeoroIloBOK
(VHS, S-VHS, Hi-B)
K03cpcpHlJ;l-leHT YClilleHIDI YCHJIHTCIDI APY. 3 60JThIDOMY
ypOBlllO qM CHrH3JI3 - BblCoKHii ypOBCHb HanpSl>KeHIDI
YMeHDJlI3IOI.IUIH K034J4)1n HeHT YCHJIeIDJjl YCIDJJITeIDI APY.
3T3 OC06eHHOCTb p360Tbi .lIeTeRTOpa APY HCnOJIb3Y-
eTCH .nIDI p3Cn03H3BaHIDJ Bbma.ncHl-lii qM CHrHaJIa (CM.
pa3.n;CJI "qM JJ;eMO.D;yIDITOp H :KOMnCHC8TOp BLma.aemm").
TIYTCM Bbl60pa ypOBmI nOpOrOBOrO 3H3qeHllil KOMna-
p aTOp a YCTp OHCTB a IWMneHCal!IDl Bl,ma.nemrn ocy-
I..QeCTBJIHeTCSI nOJn<]II01:Ielrne CHrHaJIa 3aMerneHWI Bbma.ne-
Illili .
3.4 nOMBnEHME CMrHAnA UBETHOCTM
.nIDI qM CHrHaJIa HpKOCTH, npco6p330B3I-nn.m Ha qac-
TOTY FHT CHrH3n l{BeTIIOCTH C nonocoH :t150 KrQ (CTp. 97)
npe,I:{CT3BID1eT HC)I(eJI3TeJIbH)'lO nOMexy. Bb13bmalO1..I()1O He-
.D:orryCTI-iMbIC nepeKpeCTIlblC HCKa)l(emrn B KaHane HpKOCTH.
,l{,illI no.n;aBJIelllUl CHrHaJIa UBeTHOC1TI npHMCIUIIOT cneIU1-
aJIbHhIC pC>Kel<TOpHble 4>RJIbTpbl, HaCTpOClfJ-lble lI8 ueHT-
paJThHyIO qaCTOTy Clff'Hana l{BeTHOCTli. 3THMH >Ke €}JH.iTh-
TpaMH OC)'lUeCTBIDIeTCSI pa3JJ;eJIelme CHrHanOB HpKOCTH 1-1
u;BeTHOCTH.
48
3. BocnpoVl3se,QeHVle CVlrHana pl(ocnl
3.5 \.1M .QEMo.QynfiTOP M KOMnEHCATOP
BblnA.QEHMM
A QX BocnpoH3BcJJ;CHIDI Bf (PHC. 13, 138, 6) lie n03DO-
JUlCT C JJ;OCT8TOq}{bIM ypoBHeM BocnpOM3BO.n;IITb BepXHI1e
60KOBhlC nOJIOChI QM CHrH8JI8 HpKOCTH. npmleIlHeMblc B
HaCTOID.ItCe Bper-ul BH)J,eorOJIOBKH CqJfTbIB810T OTIIOCH-
TCITbHO IUI3KHe 1:JaCTOThI (1...3 MTu) c rreHTbI ,lJ,OCTaTO\lHO
xopomo. BbIcoKHe 1l8CTOTbi "llM CHrll8JIOB 3,3...7,7 Mru
(J]...I51 CTaH)::{8pT8 4,8 MfU) 3U8qJfTCJIbHO ocrra6mnoTc5I
(ocu. 7, qM naKeTbl).
,L(illI nOBbIIllclfiUI OTHOmelfiUI CHrIl8rr1mYM D o6Jl8cn.1
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CT8BIDIIOlqHX CHrHaJI3 »pKOCTH.
OJUI3KO, Bcrrc.rr.C'lBHC BBc.aeHlUl 3TM.X npCJ(bICK8)1(CmrH
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KOCTH B03HHKalOT 3H81JllTeThIIbIC Bbl6poCbl, 8Mnmny.n:a
KOTOpblX npeBbIIll8eT YCT8HoBrreHIIble npe.acJThJ .ueBH8UHH
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}'MCHbmaeTc» ypoBel1b BocnpOM3BO)I,HMOrO qM CHrHa.:18.
Ha 3Kp8HC 3TO npOHBJUleTC» B BH.l.I:e J<OpOTKHX qepHblX
lliJpHXOB H8 rp8H11ltC 6erroro H 1IepHoro.
,L(1liI ycrpaHcHIDI TaKoro pO)1,a DOMex npl1MenIDOT
]];BOrmOH orp811WiHTeJIb, BocCT8HaBmmalOI.I.tHi:i yrpac;.Ieu-
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49
OCT8TKM TIAM B qM CIITHa:.lC.
C BblXO,na OrpaHWnITCIDI ClirHan 1:Jepe3 J<OMMYTaTOp
KOMnCHC3TOpa Bbma,nCI-IHM rrOCTYTIaCT Ha JJ:el'.fO.ayJUITOp.
MecTo paCnOJIO)KeIllUI B cxeMe EM I<OMMYT3Topa (PIlC.
14, 15) Y p83HbIX npOH3BO.lUITCJleH pa3ID-rqaeTCSI. Ecru
I<OMMyraTop Bbma.zr:eHIDI cHf'Hana pacnono>Ken nocrre Jf.e-
Mo.a;ymITOpa (PHC. ] 4), TO CHrHan, 3a.n:ep:>KaHHbIH I-Ia 64
MICC JI:CMO.uyITHpYeTCH B qM .n:CMo.rr;yruITOpe II.
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38MemellliM nOpa)l(el-lHbIX Bhma.nCUIDIMH yq8CTKOB BOC-
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nOM Cx.eMbI pacn03H8BaHIDI Bbrna.ncmrn. nepeJ<Jnoqelille
npOHCXO,lJ;HT, 1<81< TOnbJ<O ypOBem BocnpOH3BO foro c
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pyroTC9: YCHJllITeJICM, qepe3 I<OTOpbIH nponycKae:rCH qM
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pa3pemeHIDl, O,Z:(HaKO A1UI KOMneHcawrn Bbma.n;cm-rn :)Toro
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HaJI npe.n;meCTByrom;CH CTpOKH C BbIXO.u.8 JIHHHI.I 3a.u;ep)l(Kl{.
TaKMM 06pa30M MO>KHO KOMneHCHpOBaTb Bbma,neHIDl,
)])IlITCJIbHOCTb KOTOpbIX 80 MHoro p83 npeBbllIIaeT ,WIH-
TeJIbIlOCTh Oro-10M crpOKll. B nOCJIe,u:HeM c ae M CHI'-
HaJI 6y.u;eT IDIpKYmlpoBaTh B mnnrn 38.n:ep>KKH ]1.0 TCX nop,
nOKa KOMMYTaTOp He BepHeTCR B HCXOJ];Hoe nOJIO>KCHMe
(0 cu:. 21, 22, pHC. 14, 15 Ha crp. 51, 52, 54, 55). npH 3TOM
pa3pem81OrnaSi cnoc06HoCTh 3KBHB81ICHTHorO CHrHaJI8
,n:OJDKHa 6bITh He xY>Ke TCKym;ero, 1:J:TO npCJrMIBIDIeT OCO-
6bIe TpC60BaIDUI K IDHpHHC nOJIOChl nponyCK81-DU1 JllD-I.HH
3a.n;ep)KJ(H. TaK:>Ke Ba)KHO, 1ITo6hI M8KCHM8.JIbHaH qaCTOTa
M CIITH8JIa He npeBbnnaJIa YCTaHOBJICl-llIhlC npC]1.e.JIb1 j(C-
BHawrn qM .n:eMOJJ:j'mrropa. B npOTHBHOM CJIy'l8e, ,QCYO-
.nymrrop pa60T8Tb HC 6y,aer, H Ha 3Kpane npH BOCrrpOH3-
Bc,neHHH 6y.lIYT nOHBIDITbCR qepHbIC ropH30HTaJI:bHbIC no-
nOCbI H8 Qepno-6c.JIbIX nepena.n;ax CHrHaJIa HpKOCTH
(ncHcnpaBHoCTb 36). TOT :>KC caMbIH 3c:l><I>CKT MO:>Ke'f H8-
6mo.n:aTbcH H B 06brn-IOM qM KaHaJIe B KOHl.{e CPOK8
CJIy:>K6bl Bf.
B KaqeCTBC qM J(CMO.lI)'IDITOpOB 8 BM 06bPIHO HC-
nOJTh3yroT HMnyJIbCHble .l(eMO.lI)'IDITOpbI C 3a;::J:ep:>KKOH H clJa-
30BbiM J1.CTeKTHpOBaHMeM. B .n:eMo.n:ymrropax T8](0['0 TIm8
tIM CHrIJaJI npe06pa30BbIBaCTCH B nOCJle.l(OB8TeJIbHOCTh
56
3. Bocnpo,",3BeAeH"'e c,",rHana RpKOCTH
HMnyJIbCOB nOCTomrnoH JJ;JllITe.JIl>HOCTII, qaCTOTa KOTOpbIX
paBlla Y,l(BoeIDIOH tJaCTOTe tIM CHrHaJIa HpKOCTH. TaJeHe
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pOKOM ,lI.Hana30He 'iaCTOT tIM CHrH8rra, liTO nOBbDDaeT
OTHomeIrne CHrHamIIIyM.
C Bblxo.n;a tIM ,neMo.ayIDITopa Irn3KOqaCTOTIThrn BH.aeo.
CHf1Iarr nOCTynacr H8 YCTpO H CTBO KOppeKl[IDl npC.n;blcK8-
>l\CI-IHH:, BBe.n.CHI-lbIX npH 3arrnCH (JIHHdi::IlbIe H Hemme".
lIMe).
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XO)K,lJ;eHllil CHI'HaJIOB HpKOCTII II UBeTHOCTII B :KaHane BOC-
npOH3Be.n:.eHIDl.
ITorpeIllHoCTII npeo6pa30B8Hlli1 pe3KHX CKa1D(OB 6eno-
ro H qepHoro B BocnpOH3BO)])fMOM BH.lI.eOCHrHarre Bcer.n:a
o CTalOTCH , nOCKOJThKY npH 3arrnCH qaCTOThI ypOBHei1 CHr-
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HHH 3THX oIilll6oK npeo6pa30BailliJI nplfiIHMalOTCR CneI.UI.
aJIbIlbIe Mepbl, paccMoTpelrne KOTOpbIX BbIXO,z:r;HT 3a paMKH
....
3TOH I<HHI11.
3.6 G>OPM."POBAH."E nOI1Horo LlBETOBoro
TEI1EBM3."OHHoro c."rHAI1A
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c}JopMHpoBaTbCH: Oll:HOBpCMeHHO C CHrHarrOM QBeTI-lOCTH H
CKJIa,lIbmaTbCH: C IDfM B rrpaBHlThHOM COOTIlOmemm. B
.n;aHHOM cnyqae Ha HtI Bblxo.ae C BbIXO,WIb1M corrponIDrre-
ImCM 75 OM BM c}JOpMHPYeTCH nQTC pa3MaXOM ] B (PUC.
] 6, CTp. 60).
CHrHaJI H:pKOCTH qepe3 ycrpOMCTBO npe,lI.l<oppeKI..{H.lf, B
.... ....
K8QeCTBC KOTOpOH BLlcrynaeT ycrpOHCTBO 3a.aep)fQ(H Ha
] 70 HC, Heo6xo,n;HMoe .lXIDI BbIpaBl-nmaHIDI BpcMeHH npo-
XO>KJ(eHIDl CHrHaJIOB HpKOCTII H l{BCTHOCTII B KaHaJIe 06-
pa6oTKH, nocrynaer Ha BXO,lJ. cYMMHpyro ero ycmllneJUl,
r.n;e CKJI8.n;b1B8eTCR C CHrlI8rrOM QBeTIIOCTIf. Ha Bblxo.ae
C)'MMHpYIOrnero ycmlllTeIDI $OpMHpYeTCH nUTC, KOTO.
pbm B BblCOKOQ8CTOTHOM Mo.nyIDITOpe npeo6pa3YeTCH B
57
110.-
pa.n;HOqaCTOTHbIH TeJIeBH3HOHHbrn CMrH8JI Ii nOC1}'l1aer Ha
aHTelffibIH BbIXO.n; B M.
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Heo6xo.zntM, OCTH CilllXpOCHrHarr B"bIpC3aerCH H3 D:QTC,
pel'cHHpHpyerC» H .n;o6aBIDIeTCSI 06paTHO B npaBHJIhHOM
8MnmIT)'.n;HOM OTHOmeHIDf K IUJeTOBOMY BI-I,.lJ;COCHrH3ny.
3.7 G>OPMAT SUPER-VHS.
BocnpoM3BE EHL;tE
Me)l()J;j' clJopMaT8MH S- VHS H VHS CYU'{CCTBYeT OJ.U-IO-
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OC06eHHOCTH KaHaJIa BOcnpoH3Bel{eHHJI CltnlaJIa QBeT-
"OCTH (PHC. 15a).
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naCTb 4.43 Mru. Ii CKJla.lI;bmaercSi C CMrHanOM SlpK0 CTH,
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nUTC QCPC3 l.llHH)' S (Hl13KOQaCTOTHhrH BH.IJ:eOBblxo.a)
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58
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59
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62
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BIDUIHIDI nOJJJ-lecyrncH l..tBeTHOCTII Ha 1JepHo-6erroe 11306-
63
pa>Kelllie. npH npe06pa30Bamm CHrHaJIa I.(BCTHOCTII B
...
MarHHfHOH BH.ZJ:C038IDICH 3TO CBOHCTBO CHCTCMbI KO,nHpO-
B3I-1JU1 CHI'Hana UBeTlIOCTH J];OJDKHO 06S133TeJThHO Tbl-
BaTbCSI H CO Xp a IDITb CSI , oco6cwIO npH BbI60pe qaCTOThI
nepCHecem-IOH B 06naCTh IDI3KHX 1iaCTOT nO,[(HecymcH
L(BeTHOCTI1 (FHT) Ii Q3CTOThI reTepo,rorna (Fn) npeo6pa30-
BaTCmI qaCTOTbi. B pe>KHMc 3amICH npOH3BOJUITCSI nepe-
IIOC cnCKrpa Ci-IrHarr3 I.(BCTHOCTH B 06nacTh IDI3Kl1X 1Iac-
TOT. DpM 3TOM ,WUI nOJ];8BJICm-UI nepCKpCCTllOH nOMeXli
Q>a33 3anHCMBaeMOH nO,[(Hecym:CH UDeTHOCTH Bpa aeTCSI
OT CTpOKH K CTpOKC 113 90 0 c neplIo)),oM 25 ru. .lI..IDI roro,
1JTo6bI ocym.CCTBlliIJIOCb nepeMe)l(elUle cncKTpoB ClITH8rrOB
SlpKOCTH Ii nepeuecemlOro CHrHaJIa l.(BeTHOCTH npH Bb160-
pc onopHoH qaCTOTbI FFTo, p8BIIOM q3CTOTC nO}J;Hecym;cH
4.43361875 Mru, Q8CTOT8 reTepo,ZUrna J];O.TDKI18 OTJIHqaTb-
CH OT 1<p8THOH CTpOqHOH QaCTOThI Ha Fz /8. B 3TOM CJIY 1 nIe
'IaCTOT8 reTepororna ,1J,lliI npeo6paJOB3nllil cncKTp3 I..{Be-
TOBOH nO.n:HccymeH 6Y].(eT paBHa
F H = FFTo + 40F z + Fz/S = 5.060572 Mr4,
tJ:TO COOTBeTCTBYeT qaCTOTe nepcHeceHlIOH nO,D;lIecym cH
UBeTHOCTH, paBHoH
FHT = FH - FAT = 5.06 Mrl.\ - 4.43 Mrl.\ 626.953 Kn.""
llpH 3TOM rapMoHHKH nepcHeceHHoH 1I3CTOTbI OK83bI-
B310TCH HeKpaTHbIMH CTpOIfiIOH qaCTOTe, lITO ocrra6ID1eT
HX MeIllaIO ce BJllUIHHC npH l1.eTCKTl1pOBaHIDl lIM CMrH8-
JIa lIpKOCTM.
1'13 3THX coo6pa>KcHHif HCXO,WIT npH BbI60pc qaCTOT
nepCHeCCllliOH nO.lrHccym.eH I(BeTlIOCU-1 B 4>opMaTax Bcta H
Video 2000.
npH BocnpoH3Bc)J.CHJllI tJ:aCTOT8 BcnOMOr3TeJIbHOrO
rcnepaTopa 321 Fz, CHrH8rr KOToporo yqacTBYeT B <1>OpMH-
pOBaHHH cpa30MaHHIIyJIlfpOBam-lOro CHrHana reTepoJI.HHa
(Fu), nO-UC1]>aHB3eTClI Hanp1DKelrneM, CcpOpMHpOB3IIHbIM
118 BbIxo.n:e CneW1a.iThHOrO <lJ830Boro }J;eTCKTOpa npH cpaB-
64
4. Bocnpm13Be].\eHHe C rHaJ1a 4BeTHocT
Hemrn qaCTOT onopHoro rCHepaTopa 4,43 Mru H nOCCTa-
HOBnCI-rnO H UBeTODOH: nO.n;Hecyrncii:.
I1pe06pa30Balme qaCTOTLI nO,lJJlec)-Tn;eH UBeTHOCTH
(npe06paJOBalllie FAT, CTp. 97) rryTeM JI.errcHIDI qaCTOTbI
netl:onycTIlMo, nOCI<OJILKY HCI<aJKaIOTCH 60KoBLIe COCTaB-
IDIIOlQHC UBen-IOCTH, HCC)1.IUIC HH opMal.nno 0 UBeTe.
TIpeo6pa30BaImc CHrHarra l.{BeTIlOCTH MeTOJ(OM J(e;re-
HHH qaCTOTbI B03MO)I(JIO H npHMCfUlCTCH Y HeKOTopblX "3-
rOTom.ITCrrcH ,WlH 3aIDIcH-DoCrrpOH3Be.n:CHIDI CHTHaJI8
[(BCTHOCTH CHCTeMbI SECAM.
4.3 nPE05PA30BATEnb "'IACTOTbl
C DbIxo.n;a APY nepcHcccHHhm ClffHaJI UBeTHOCTH 627
ICru nOCTyn8CT B OCHOBHOH npeo6p830B8TeJTh qaCTOThI
,nIDI o6paTlIOro npco6p830BaHIDI B HCX0.lJ.HYI0 qacroTH)'lO
o6rraCTb. Ha BTOPO" BXO.n; npco6pa30BaTclliI nocTynaeT
CHI'Han rercpO,lJ;HU8, npC.l(CTaBJImoI.Wrli co6o" tPa30Maml-
nyJrnponaln-n.ill Cill1IaJI qaCTOTOH FH = 5.06 Mrl.'(. CHTHaJI
rCTepO,l(ID-m <}>OpMHpycrCH JJ:onomn-lTe.J1l,HbThf npeo6pa30-
B8TCJIeM QaCT01bl nyreM CMcmClillH onopHoH qaCTOTbI
FFro ::: 4433618.75 ru H ncnoMOraTCJThHOH qaCTOThI fHT =
40 F + 1/8F (cTp. 97).
Ha BbIxo.n:e OCHOBHoro npeo6pa30BaTcIDI QaCTOTbI 6y-
,DyT nplicYTcTBoBaTL .n;na CHrH8JIa, qaCTOTbi KOTOpbIX 6y-
lJYT paBllbI CYMMC Ii pa3HOCTH 1:IaCTOT. nocT)'nalOlIU1x Ha
ero BXO,Z:J;bI CHI'UanOB (FH + FHT = 5.06 + 0.627=5.687 Mrlt
H FH - FHT = 5.06 - 0.627 = 4.43 Mfl.'(). TIOJIOCOBbIM <}>HJIb-
TpOM BbI.LI.eIDICTCH CHf'HaJI Heo6xOJJ;HMO" 1:IaCTOTbI 4.43
Mfu.
CxeMa, npHMeIDIeMaH JI.IDI nepeHoca CHIliaJIa I.{BCT-
HOCTH D 06nacn. nepXlllix qaCTOT, TaK)I(e n03BOIDleT CT8-
6HJIH3MpOBaTb qaCTo'ry H a3Y BocnpOH3BoAHMoro CHr-
HaJIa I.LBCTIJOCTH H ycrpauHTb HCKaJKelmH l.{BeTOBOrO TOHa
H HaCb eHHOCTH (BpeMeWIhle HCKaJKelllUl), B03HHKaIOJ C
113-38 nepaBHOMepHOCTM CKOpOCTH .l(BH)I(eIllUI MannlTIlOH
JIeHTbI, HepaBHOMepHOCTH qaCTOTbl Bparne11IDl EBf H pac-
UI)I(eJUUI JICHTbI no cc mnme.
3 3aKa3 1211
65
3Ta 3a a1Ja BbID01llU1eTCSI CHCTCMOH <}Ja30BOH aBTono,a-
CTpOllKH 1JaCTOTbl (<1>Anq) reTepo.rorna. TIOCKOJIbKY '1ac-
TOTa nrrepororna B pe:>KIiMe BocnpmnBe,aeI-DlSl nO)I,cTpa:u-
BaCTCH nyreM H3MeHCHIDI 'laCTOTbl rCHepaTopa 321 Fz (CM.
pa3)];CJI 4.2), mo6b1c OTKJIOHCHlUI qaCTOThI BOCCTaHOBJICH-
HOM no,nuCcym.CH :QBCTHOCTH FAT (4.43 Mru) OT HOMH-
naJThHOrO 3HaQCHIDI rIpHBO,lUlT K nepecrpoHKc qaCTOTbl re-
Tepororna F H ]1.0 Tex nop nOKa paBcHCTBo IJaCTOT FAT 11
FFTo ua BXOJI,aX $a30Boro ]1.eTCKTOpa He BOCCTaHaBillI-
BaerCH. A paBcHCTBo 3T11X IJaCTOT B03MO>KH0 TOJIbKO Tor-
;:J:a, KOr,IT,a ':IaCTOTa reTepO,ZJ;Iffi8 H3MCIDIe'lCH lIa nemJ1llDI)'
BpeMclfiloH oIIDI6KH BOCTIpOH3BoJU1MOrO CHrllana (627
:Kru). TaKHM o6pa30M, Cym;IiOCTb KOMneHC3l{HH CHCTeMOH
tI>Anq npeMeHHbIx Ourn60K TIPH BocnpOJ'I3ne.u:cHIDI 3a-
KJl101J8ercSl B TOM, tITO BOCnpOH3BC]1.CHHbIC 1:JaCTOTHblc
ourn6JG1 BBO.II;HTCSl B CHI'H3JI rerepOJUffi3 H B p83HOCTHOH
cOCT8BmnomcH ua BbIXO,IT,C npe06pa30B8TeJIH IJaCTOThI
B3aHMIIO YlllflTO)KaIOTCB. CnC)];OBaTeJIbIlO, Ha BblXO,Il,C
OCIIOBHoro npco6pa30BaTeJIH nonOCOBbIM <}JH:IbTpOM BbI-
;n;eIDIeTCSl CHrHaJI :QBeTHOCTH lIa TIO,D,HCCyw.CH ':IaCTOTe
4.433618 Mrlt, cTa6HJIH3HpoB31D-llirH no 'laCTOTe H a lC.
4.4 YCTPOMCTBO BblltEnEHMJI
....BETOBOOI CMHXPOHM3AUMM
CMrHAI1A
CHTHaJI WCTOBO" CHlIXpOlIH33QIlli (ncflbIIIIK3) nepc-
....
,nacrcB B Bu.n;e na](era HeMO JllIpOBaIfilOH ltBCTOBOH no).{-
Hec cii, COCTOmnero H3 10 nepHo]1.oB, H3 33.IJ.HCH nao-
ma.zu<c CTpoTffioro racmncro HMnYJThca. 3TOT CHrHaJI lIe-
o6xo.n;HM .n;IDI. BO CTaHOBJICHH..SI nO,IT,aBnClllioH nOJUJec)'I.I1CH
lXBCTHOCTII B ,neKo,nepe TeJICBH3HOlfiloro npnclIUlliKa H HC-
nOJIb3YeTCSI }T)11I ClIIIXpOIDI33lUIH onopHoro reHepaTopa
'laCTOTbl F FTo B B M.
,l{IDI BblJJ.eJ1eI-DlSl LtBeTOBOH BCfiblIIIKH 1-13 CHrHaJIa ltBCT-
1I0CTH npllMeWleTCSI CneQHalThHblll KJIIOqeBOH KaCKa,n
BCfibIIIIKH, Ha O.l(HH H3 BXO)];OB KOToporo nOCT)TIaCT em"-
Hall :QBeTHOCTH, a na yrOH - CneUHaJ1bHbrM CTp06H-
66
4. BOCnp0i-13Be.qeHa.1e Ci-1rHarla 4seTHOCTa.1
PYIOIIurn HMI1)'JThC, cOnna.D;aIOI..IJ)lli no BpcMeHH 11 )UIlITC.iTh-
HOCTH co nClThlII.IKoit
q>a33 CMrHaJIa ltBCTOBOH BCIThIIDKH B CHCTeMe PAL 113-
MelUlCTCH 01' CTpOKH K CTpOKC lIa + 45° OTHOClITeJIhIlO ocn
180 0 ( + 135°).
B CMHXpOHHOM cnyqae BbIXO.ID-lOe HanpsDKeHHe 4Ja30Bo-
ro ,lU1CK}UIMHI IaTOp a , I-Ja O,lUlli 113 BXOJ:!:OB KOToporo no-
CT)'lIaCT CIIT'1I8rr BCmll.lIKH, 8 H8 npyrOH - CIffH8JI OllOp-
Horo rCHepaTopa - F FTo, npCJ:!:CTaBIDIeT C060H ClL\iMCT-
pU'(lHoe nepCMeHHOC HanpSDKeHJfe, aMrunlTy.n:a I<OTOpOro
onpc,rreIDIeTCSI 8Mn1IHTYJJ:OH BCIThUIIKM If pa3HOCTbIO <p a3
cpaBllliBaCMbIX CIU'HarrOB. 3THM HallpmKeHHe1\.l, npony-
lI1eHIfbIM llcpeJ 4JHnbTp HH)KJ-JJIX qaCTOT, no.n:CTpa Im8eTCH
'IRCTO fa onopHoro reHepaTopa.
4.5 rEHEPATOP LtBETOBOM nOJ:\HECyIltEM
4.43361875 (FFTO)
.LI:IDI nony'IeHIDI qaCTOTbI reTepo,lI;HHa M Boccr3HOBJIC-
mrn CHrllaJIa UBeTHOCTH D BM Heo6xo,n:HMO rencpHpOBaTh
CHrHaJI C 'laCTOTO" nO,U,HCcymeH CHI'I1aIla llBCTHOCTIf II
CIDiXpOllli3HpOBaTb ero C CHrHaJIOM QBeTOBOH BCIThIIIIKH
nOCTynalOl.Uero Ha BXO,ll; BM nl(TC.
B 38BMCHJ\.IOCTIf OT 1:-pc60B8I-UIH pa3JllflllibIX npoH3BO-
,lI;HTerrei1 I1JIlf KOHC'Ip:yKTHBHoro HCnOJTI-leI-lIUI BM, OllOp-
HbIH CMTIlaJI nO.l(HecyrueH qaCTOTOH 4433618,15 + 150 ru,
€fJoPMMPYeTCSI KBapI.(CBblM renepaTopoM C a30BoH aBTO-
llO,[(CTpoi1KoH llaCTOThI.
4.6 6nOKMPOBKA M YCMflEHME CMrHAnA
UBETHOCTM
OCHOBHOH 33.zxaQeH cxeMLI aBTOMaTlf'IeCKOH 6rrOKH-
pOBl<H cnrnarra WJeTlIOCTH SlBIDIeTCn 3anHpam-IC I<aH3JI3
WJeTHOCTH B CJ 3S1X 3aI1HCH-BocnpOHJDe,TJ;eHIDI CnrHaJIa
'Iepllo-6erroro M306pa>KCHIDI. B npOTHBHOM crryqac OT-
KpblTbm KaHaJI I..I.BCTHOCTH C03JJ:aCT QBeTOBLIC nOMcm
(MCpI..\aHHc) IIa QepHo-6eJIOM H306pa>KClnrn.
67
TaK KaK IUJeTOBa BCIThIlIIKa nepe.u.aCTC5I TOJIhKO B l.{Be-
TOBOM CHf'H8JIe, HH4>OpM8IUU1 0 ee H8.iJlIt1He HJlli OT-
CyrCfBIrn 5IBIDICTC5I CHrHarrOM 0 BKJllOQeHllli I1Jlll BbIlCIIO-
'Ilenill-l KaH8JIa l.(BeTHOCTH.
TIOJIOCOBOH 4>H.JJ.b1'p, BKJllOqeHlfbIH H8 BblXO.u.C OCHOD
Horo npe06pa30BaTeIDI, no.u.aBJllICT Bee n060 t IHbIC npo-
JJ;YKTbl npe06pa30BaHIDl, BbI,LI:eJIIDI Hc06XOJJ;HMyro qaCroTY
4.43 Mru. TIpH 3TOM paJpem81OIIJ.a51 cnoe06HOCTh CHrHa-
rra l..{BeTIIOCTII CYI.I.J;CCTBenHO 3aBHeHT OT napaMe'rpOB 3TO-
ro 4>lIJIb1'pa H, K3K npaBHJIO, BcerJT;a IllDKe pa3pClDalO eH
,..
cnOCOOIIOCTH 3al1Hebmae (Oro CHrllaJIa.
KpOMC Toro, Ha pa3pcmalOIl.(yIO enOC06HOCTh Bocnpo-
H3BO,W-IMOrO CHrHaJIa ttBCTHOCTlI H cro OTHOmelrne CHI'-
HammyM cyrneCTBeHHOe BJIIDlIrne oKa3bmaeT Berrwnrna
TOKa 3aIlllCH. TIpH CJIlfiIIKOM 60JIbmOM TOKe 3aImC" 1I3-3a
HcmmeiffioH A qX Man-nITHO" neHThI H8CbnneIDThIe l..{BeT8
orpallH'IHBalOTC5I no aMIIJIIIT)'D:e. npH 3TOM l(BeTHOe
H306pa)l(eIDIe BOCnpOH3BO,l(HTC5I C mmo 3aMCTHoH nepHo-
,nwqecKoH HepaBHoMcpHOCTbIO no ropH30llTami (y3KHC
nepTHKaJThHbIe cTorr6bl pa3Jll11lliOH HaCLllUeHHOCTH, HeHC-
npaBHocm 31, 32). H3MeIU.H H8CTpoiIKy pcrYlliITopa TOKa
3aIDICH CHrHalla l..{BeTIIOCTH Ii BH3yaJThll0 KOHTpOIDlpYH
pe3YJThTaT perYJrnpOBKH MO)I(HO rrerKO YCTpaHHTb 3TY He-
licnpaBHoCTb.
4. 7 BbICOKO"lACTOTHbl
nPE06PA30BATEI1b
BbICOKOqaCTO'fHbIH npe06pa30BaTeJIb npeJJ;Ha3Ha1JCH
]1,JI5I cornaCOBaHHSI no paJI.HOqaCTOTIIOMY K8H8ny (qepe3
811TelIHble Bxo.lI.bIl8D1XO)]pI) TerreBH3HOHHoro npneMllliKa H
BM. T.e. OH n03BOIDIeT B pe>KHMC BOCIIpOfI3Be.u.eHlUl npo-
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noro BcmaIDISl). ECJll1 qaCTOTa Bq HCC:yI.D:CH COOTBeTCTBY-
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qelllible qM 3ByKOBblC CHf'HaJThI JI,anCC CYMMHpYIOTCSI B
6all HcHoM MO.n:yJUlTOpC c nQTC Ii M0JJ:YJIHp:yIOTCSI CHT'-
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MeTo):(a 3anHCH-BocnpOH3BC)J;CHIDI CHrH3JIOB l.{RCTIlOCTH
CHCTCMbl SECAM. 31'0 MCTO,n C qCThIpcXKpaTHbIM li3MC-
Hel-illeM qaCTOTbI Ii MCTO.n; rCTepo}];IDllipoBaffiUl.
nCpBbI.H cnoc06 npeo6p330B3HID1 3aKJIlO1JaCTC5I B QC-
TblpCXKpaTIIOM )'MelllimCHIDI qaCTOTbl cHrHaJIa I..tBeTHOC1'H
npH 3amlCH (cncKTp CIITHaJIa nepcnOCHTCSI B .n;I'I3na30H
qaCTOT 0.39 - 1.48 MrQ) 11 T3KOM )l{e )'BCJIH1ICHHH cc npH
BOCnpOl-l3Bc.n:CHHH. BBc.lI.CHMe H KoppeKlum npC1U>lcKa)f(e-
IrnH, 3 T3K)KC <lJHJlb1]J3Wm HC)KCrr3TCJThIlliIX -qaCTOTHbIX
COCTaBIDIIOm;HX ocym:eCTBruuoTC)) CHC1'eMoii CnCUHaJThllblX
nOJIOCOBbIX, pC)KCKTOpHbIX H KJICm-$HJIbTpOB.
BTOpOH cnoc06 60JICC npoCT C TOIJKH 3pCHIDI cro TCX-
70
4. BocnpoH3B9,QeHlo1e CHrHana 4BeTHoCnt
HIf1IeCKOH peaIDI38I..tHH. 3JJ:eCL .nIDI 3arrnCH-
BocnpoH3Be.u;elillJl CHrH8JI8 ltBCTHOCTH SECAM HCnOJIL3Y-
eTCH TOT )l(C Tp8I<T. J<aK H npH o6pa6oTKe Clfi"HaJI8 I'(BCT-
HOCTII PAL. Ho npH 3TOM OTKlllOlJaeTCSI J<oMneHcaTop ne-
pCKpeCTHbIX HCI<aiKC HHH (rpe6CWi8TbIii <jJH.JIhTp) II H3Me-
IDlCTCll 1J8CTOTa HaCTpo:fu<H BXO)J)-IOI'O nOJIOCOBOI'O <p HJTh -
'Ipa (npH BOcrrpoIl3BeJJ;eHHH).
llpll pea.rrn38l.tHH 060HX MCTO)XOB o6pa6oTKH CHrHaH8
UBeTHocrH SECAM npHMClUnOTCSI Cnel..{HaJILHLle cxeMhl
on03HaB8IDfH CHCTCMM KOJJ:MpOn8HIDI WeTa. 3THMH YCT-
pOHCTB8MII tpOpMHp}'lOTCH CHTIlaJILI ynp8BJIeHIDI ROMMY-
T8TopaMH, KOTopLIe OCym:CCTBJDIIOT nepe.KJlIOqelllie K8H8-
JIa o6pa6oTKH CHrHaJIOB l(BeTIIOCTH B peJlqnoI o6pa6oTIrn
CRrHan8 CHCTeMLI SECAM.
71
5 PA60TA 8M B PE>KVlME "3AntACb"
Ha pHC. 18 npHBc,IJ:eHa CTpYI<TYPHaH CXCMa XaHaJIa 3a-
mIC" BM.
5.1 CenEKTOP KAHAnOB
t];IDI 3allliCH TerrCBH3HOIDIbIX nporpaMM IIC3aBHCHMO OT
nO,nK1IlO1)eHllOrO TCJICBlf3lfom"lOro npHeMHHK3, B COCTaB
BM BXO,D;IIT cerreKTOp KaHanOB, nplfilUHlIHaJThHO HJ.{qeM HC
OT:JI1fl3101IJ;HikH OT aHaJIorwnn.IX 6nOKOB TerreBH30pOB.
5.2 TO HAJ1 ABTOMATM ECKAs:I HACTPOMKA
t];ml BblCOKOKaQeCTBem-IOH 38Ill1CH nmeBH3"OI-llibIX
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(cerreKTopa KaHaJIOB) aa qacroTY BbI6pammro TB I<8Ha-
JIa.
llOCKOJThKY 3arrnCb ocymeCTBI.UleTCSI B TeqeIrne .a.OBOJIb-
HO ,nmITeJThHOrO npeMeIrn (06bJ1IHO 60JIee 1 Qac8), B 3TOT
nepHO,U, 83-38 B03MO>KHb1X H3MeHcmrn IDITalOIInIX HanpH-
....
)l(cmrn: H YXO.a.8 nap8MeTpoB 3JICK1]JOlllIbIX KOMnOHCHTOB
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HaCTpoiiKH TIOHepa Ha OIITHM8JIblIOM ypOBHe B BM npH-
MeIDlIOT cHcreMY 8BTOMaTH1JeCKOH. T01ffiO U H8CTpOH:Kll:
(A TH).
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CTeMbl A TH:
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HCnOJTh3YeTCH npoMe)K)'T01JHaH qaCTOTa (nq) CHrUarrOB
H306paJKeInUl. 3Ta qaCTOTa BLI)J:e.IDlCTCH nOJIOCOBbIM
<l>HJIbTpOM, ycummaercR H nocTynaeT B qaCTOTHhrH ,Z:(HC-
KpHMHH8TOp, I'l1,e cpaBmmaeTCSI C co6CTBelDiOH 'laCTOTOH
H8CTpomrn KOHTYP8 .nncKpmnmaTopa. HanpH)I(Clrne pac-
CTpoiiKH, f}>opMHpyeMoe Ha Bblxo.n:e ,nHCKpHMIDi3TOpa,
72
5. Pa60Ta BlilAeoMarHHTo<poHa B pe>KHMe U3anHCb"
u: !2
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73
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(15.625 lOLl)
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74
5. Pa60Ta BM,l\eOMarHHTotPoHa B pe>lG1Me "3am1cb-
CKJI8}J;blBaeTCSI C HanpSDKeIDleM H8crpOHKH ce.rrCKTopa Ka-
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6p3mfOro TeJIeB1I3J.fOHHOrO IC8H3JI8.
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1<8 (A <I> 3TH), B KOTOpOH B KaqeCTBe onopHoH HCnOJTh3Y-
eTCSI npOMC)I(yrO"IJH3H QaCTOT3 CHnl3JIa 3B)'KOBoro conpo-
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IlliH clJa3b1 1I3 180 0 IIpH cpaBHcHillI B a30BoM }I,HcKpHMI1-
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co.n;ep>KaIIUlMCH B nQTC lIB BLlxo.ne ynql1.
3BYKOBLIe nq 5,5 H 5,74 Mru rj>OpMHpyroTCSI 113 nep-
BbIX n q 33,158 Ii 33,4 Mrn, 3aTeM YCHmlB810TCSI B pc:w-
H8J-1CHOM YCllilllTerre II noCJIC }J;BoiIHoro orpaIDfllemrn
cpaBHHBaroTcSI B <):Ja30BoM ,nHCKpHMIDI8TOpe, H8 BblXOJl,C
KOToporo ctJoPMHI>yercH HanpH)I(eHHe A TH. B .lI.affilOM
ae TO"IJIIOCTL KOMnCHcawrn pacCTpoHKH H JIPeH: a na-
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eliTOM YCHJICIDUI I<OlIT)'p3 A TH.
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nq 3B)'K8, q"fO nOJrnOCTLIO IICKmO"IJ3er lurrepMo.nyIDIUH-
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npc;:O:Ia3H3'lCIDIbIe JJ.JI.H .lI.eTCKTIlpOB3HIDI CHr113JIOB nq
naCCHBHbL\1 CllliXpOIDILIM ]:(eTCI<TOpOM. B JJ:allliOM c.TIJ'"Ilae
nq H306pa>KeHilll C)];Bur3e-rC5I no a3e na 90 0 11 nOCTYTI3CT
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5.3 YCit1nMTEnb npOME>KYTOLfHOM LfACTOTbl
CMrHAll0B M30I5PA>KEHMfI
C:HnmJI rrq, nOCT)TIalOII(Hi:i 1-13 ccrreKTopa K8I-Jaj{on
YClillHDaCTC II .lI.CTCI<THpyercH B ynQl1, TaKOM >Ke, KaKO:H
75
npl1MCHJleTCSI B 06b[tffibIX UBeTHbIX TCrrCBl130p8X.
c.I>I1JIbTpbl nO,a8BJICHlUI HCCYIIU1X 8CTOT CHrH8JIOB 3B)'1<0-
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OT 3HaqelUUI CneI.{HaJIbHOrO ynp8BJUlIOmerO nanpHJKCHllil,
nOCT)TIaIOm;erO C YCTpoikTB8 APY H8 ero BXO,n ynpaDrre-
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B CHHXpOHHOM CTCKTope 113 nq nOJl)'1:l81OT HH.3KOtJ8-
CToTHbrn nUTC, 8 T8KJKe BTOpyro nq CHf'HarrOB 3B)'I<OBO-
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CHrH8JIbI 3B)'I<oBoro conpOBO>K.aCIDUI H CHrH8n UBeT-
HOCTH BblJJ:CmnoTCSI nOJIOCOBbIMH H pe>KeKTOpHbIMH <!>HJ1b-
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FI 3BYKOBOrO COnpOBO>K.QEH S1
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QTO CnrII3JI nq C B),IXO.a3 CeJICKTOpa K8HaJIOB nporrycKa-
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COOTBe-rCTBycT nq CTepC03B)'Ka (33,158 H 33,4 Mfl ), 8
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Be,lteHHe,
3anHCb.
189
14.
15.
16
17.
190
Pa3MbITOC H306pa)Kc-
HHe, npH'ICM CBeT JIblC
Y'IaCTKH HMCIOT 'IpC3-
MCpHO 60JIbUl)'1O Slp-
KOCTb.
TICpHOJU-f'leCKH HnH
caMonpOH3BO.iIbHO
npona.L1,aer l1BeTHOC
H306paJKCHHC (MHrae:r
l1 B CT) , HJm H8 nOJIO-
BHHC l1BeTHOrO H306-
P8)KCHHSl nOHBnmDTCSl
ropH30HTa.J1bHbiC
UBeTHbie HOJIOCbl
("JK&JII03H").
Ha H306pa)f(CmfH 6L1-
CTpo nCpCMCll(alO-
lltHCCSl cBepxy Ii CHH3Y
K cepeJJ.Hue 3Kp8tfa
ropH30HTaJIbHbie wy-
MOBLle nonOCLI
(pcrYJIHpOBKa Tpe-
KHHra He BJUfSlCT).
Ha H306pa>KeHHH ro- CKOpOCTb BpalltCHHSl
pH30HT8.JIbHbie my- BB He ,[{OCTHrae-r HO-
MOBble nOJJOCLI nepc MHHa..'1bHoro 3Ha'-le-
MCLQaIOTCS{ or ueHTpa HHSl t CKa'-lK006pa3H8Sl
K KpaSlM 3KP8H8 perynHpoBK8 CKO-
(perY_'lHpOBKa TpC- pOC'fH ,lumjKeHHSI
Klmra He DJJH.SlCT, 3BY'< JICHTbl, KOMMyraQHSl
MO>KCT ,aeTOHHpO- BH,[{eOT'OlIOBOK, Ha-
BaTh). CTpOHKa JUIM.
H a H306pa>KCHHH KOMnCHcaQHSl Bbma-
CBeTJIble ropH30H- .I1eHHH, nnoxoe Ka'-le-
TaJILHbie nonOCbl, 6e- CTBO nCHTbl, D03-
JIble BLma,u,eHHSl CHr- MO>KHbl H8CJIOeHHSl
HaltS. nbL'lH.
H a H306pa)l(eHHH KOMnCHcal1H.Sl Bbma-
TeMJlbIe ropH30H- ,aeHl-fH ypOBueM cepo-
TaJIbHble nOJIOCb! ro (B CTapblX Mo,[{e-
N2
nn
HCHcnpaBHOCTb
12.
13.
B03MO)fCHWI
npH'IHHa
C BbIXO,l:ta npCJ];BapH-
TeJIbHOrO VCHJIHTellii.
TIpCJJ:KOppeKQH.Sl CHr-
H&JIB HPKOCTH. ,aHa-
na30H ,aCBliaI..1HH qM
Mo.aymITOpa, YI1QH.
<I>Anq rellepaTopa
no,aHCCYLI..1eH, pac-
CTpOHKa "faCTOTbl re-
HepaTopa no.n;HCCY-
... ...
llICH, KBapUCBblH pe-
30HaTOp.
IOCTHpOBKa CHIIXpO-
rOJIOBKH, KOJIe6aHHH
'IaCTOTbI CHHXPOHH-
3Hp)'1OLI..1eH COCTaB-
nmDllICH TIl{TC. pc-
rYJIHpOBK8 nrrM H
,lumraTCJUI BE.
-
PC>lCHM
pa60ThI
BocnpOH3-
BCJ(CHHC,
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
Be eHHC.
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
Be,D,eHHC.
BocnpOH3-
Be,lJ.CIIHC.
BocnpoH3-
Be,l],emfC.
BocnpOH3-
BCJ(eHHe.
0606w.eHHaR Ta611 1l a HeMCnpaBHOCTeM
N9
nn
HeHcnpaBHOCTb
(W'rpHXH).
18. Ha H306pa>KeHHH
TeMHbie ropH30H-
TaJIbHble nonOCbl
19. 30Hbl nOMCX (ropH-
30HTaJIbHble), l-IHor):{a
nmmmnolltHeC Ha
H306pa)f(eHMH. Me.l1.-
neHHO nepeMClltalOTCSI
CBCPXY BHM3 HJIM Ha.
X0JI.5iTCSl Ha O):{HOM
VPOBHe.
20. J(BocHMe H306pa)f(c-
HIDI, na 38J:(HCM nHaliC
B eH CHHxpOClirHaJl
flUTC.
21. CHJIbHO 3arnYMJIeH-
noc M306pa)f(eHHe
("CHer").
22. HapyrncHa o6Il.t8..S1
CI-iHXpOHM3al..(MSI, 3a-
DOpOT H306pa)f(CHMSI
BJICBO, Hi-Pi 3B}'K
BocnpoM3Bo)J;HTCH C
CWIbHblMU HCKajf(C-
HMSIMIi.
23. HapYllIeHa o6maSl
CMHxpoHH3aQlliI, 3a-
BOpOT H306pa>KCUHSI
BnpaBO, Hi-Pi 3B}'K
BocnpoH3Bo)J;UTCH C
CHJIbllblMH HCKa)l(e-
HH MH.
B03MO)l(H8JI
npH'IHHa
mix), HaBe.l1.CHflble
CTaTH'IeCKHC 3apSUJ.bl.
KOMncHcaUHH Bbma-
.l1.eHHH CHrHana ypOB-
HCM ceporo, np c .l1.-
KOPPCKI.1HH.
I10BpC>K,[(CHHSI JICHTbl,
HanpHMcp, MCCTa H3-
ru6a MJIM Ha>KMMa,
OTCYTCTBHC MarHHT-
Horo CJIOSl, .u.c<peKTbl
nTIM.
ilcpCKpeCTHa51 MO.n;y-
JI51I.1HSI HJIM HHTep e-
PCHU,HOHHblH npMcM,
p"tJ -p, acnpe):{eJIHTelIb
HacrpoHKa lJaCTOTbl
B"tJ-MOAYJUlTOpa COB-
na,l{aCT C qaCTOTOH
TB nepc):{a'iH.
TIOHep, YTItIM, lIe-
BepHaSl HacrpofiKa
Hepa, 3arpH3HeHMC
MJIM H3HOC BH)J;eoro-
JIOBOK.
EOJlbrnMe K0J1e6aHHSI
CKOpOCTH BpameHHH
EBr. qaCTOTa Bpa-
llteHMSI EBr H")lCC
HOMHHaJI.bHOH.
q aCTOTa BpaU\CHMSI
EBr npeBblllIaeT HO-
MHH8.JlbHOC 3HaqeHMe,
HacrpoHKa pe:>KMMa
EBr Ha XOJlOC'TbIX
o6opoTax.
Pe)l(HM
pa60TbI
BocnpOH3-
Be.neHHe.
BocnpOH3-
Bc.n;eHHe,
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
ne)J.CHHC,
3anHCb.
BonpoH3-
BeJ].CHHe.
3anHCb.
BocnpoH3-
BC):lCHHe,
3anl-lCb.
BocnpoH3-
BC,l\eHMe,
3aUHCb.
191
N!
nn
24.
25.
26.
27.
28-
29.
30.
192
HCHcnpaBHOCTb
TIpH 3anHCH H BOC-
npoH3Bc CHHH H306-
pa}f(eHHe CHnblIO pa3-
MhITO, tlH3KaSl pa3pe-
UlaIOll\aSl cnoc06-
HOCTb.
OrcyrcrnYeT uneTHOc
H306pa:>KCIIHC, 110 3K-
pallY nepcMeLUalOTC.H
Y3KHC BCPTHKaJIbHblC
CBCTJIble nonOCbl, OT-
cyrCTBye-r H306pa)Kc-
IIHe CHH3Y (Br BJ<JTIO-
CHbl nOClIC OBaTCJIb-
HO).
CHlIbHaSl (npHMcpHO
Ha 2/3) 3aruYMJICH-
HOCTb H306pa)({CHH5I,
oTcyrCTByer 1.JaCTb
H306pa)l(eHH5I CHH3Y.
lIa H306pa)l(CIIHH B
cpc.n:HeH 1.JaCTH Kp8-
Ha nOMeXH C Bbma.n.c-
nHCM CHrHaJIa.
H apyweHa Ka poBaSi
CHHxpOHH3aUH.S1
H306pa>KCHH5I. HaJIO-
>KeHHC H306pa)l(CHHH
no BCDTHKaJIH.
1i306pa)l(eHHc MCA-
!ICHHO ncpeMCll\8erCSI
110 BepTHKa..'1H, OTCYT-
C'I'BYeT CHHxpoHH3a-
ltH5I no BepTHKaJIH.
Ha H:m6pa>KeHHH nc-
peM Cl1\alOll\HecS)
CBCPXY BHH3 UJHpOKHC
nOJIOCbl lllYMa H HC-
Ka)l(eHHOrO H306pa-
B03MO>KHaSl
nPH1.JHlla
IIapymeHHe nOJIO>Ke-
HHSI 1.JaCTOTlIoro )IHa-
na30Ha ACBH3U.HH
qM MOJ{YJUiTOpa. pC-
ryJUITOp eTKOCTH
H306pa)l(CHHSI, 113HOC
BH COrOlIOBOK.
3arp.H3HeHHC 1111H no-
Bpe ellHC )epplna
DI-J coronOBOK, Hapy-
UlCHHC 6a.rranca .l1.C-
Mo.u.YlliITOpa.
TIOBpC>K.aCHHC BH.l1.CO-
rOJIOBOK, Bpall\alO-
LQcrocSi Tpan OpMa-
Topa; npCJ{BapHTeJIb-
HblM BH.n.eOYCHJIH-
TCJIb.
KOMnCHcaTOp Bbma-
J{eHHH. 3acopCHHe
HJIH nOBpc eHHC DH-
J1COrOJIOBOK.
JITIM. a3HMYHUIb-
UblH yron Br, q,a38
HMnYJlbca KOMMyra-
UHH Br
R)CTHpoBKa CHHXpO-
r0J10BKH HJIH 38.30pa
BpaLQalOIl\crOCSI
TpaHcq,opMaTopa;
BblCOTa YCT3HOBKH
BHJ{corOJIOBOK.
COBMCCTHMOCTb BM,
r0J10BKa 06LQcro CTH-
paHHSI, YCTaHOBKa
Br.
PC>KHM
paGoTbl
BocnpOH3-
BCJJ,CHHC,
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
DCJ{CHHC,
3anHCb.
Bocnpmi3-
Be.u.CHHC,
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
BC.n.CUHC,
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
BCJ1CHHC,
3anHCb.
BocnpoH3-
BCJ1CHHe.
3anHcb.
BocnpOH3-
nCJ{CHHC.
3am-TCb.
N
nn
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
HeHcnpaBHOCTb
>KeHHH.
OTC}'TCTByer
H306pa>Kc-
QBeTHoe
HHC.
Ha L{BeTHOM H306pa-
>KCHHH 3aMeTHbie ne-
PHO,lJJf\jeCKHC DepTH-
Ka...'1bHble TeM Hble no-
1I0Cbl {CT01I6b1).
Ha UBeTHOM H306pa-
JKCHHH 3aMeTHa51 Mcn-
KaH CeTI<a H3 ncpe-
Kpeu.tHBaIOIltHXCSl
TCMHbrX lIHHHH (OCO-
6eHHo 38MeTHa Ha
SlpKHX QBeTax).
BOJIlIHCTblC HCKa>Ke.
HlISl BepTHKaJIbHblX
y
lIHHlUI no I3ceMY 3K-
pany.
3aTeMHeHHe BCpXHCH
!.faCTH I-WH }'Tnol3 3K-
paHa, B03MO>KHbl no-
nOCbl B BepXHCH ':IaCTH
H')o6pa)l(CHHH.
Ha H306pa)l(eHHH fie-
pCMelllalOLI.(HCCSl
CBCPXY I3HH3 nO.10CLI
nOMex, CO'JJI.alOll{HC
BOlIHHCTo06pa3Hoe
HCKaJKCHHC BepTH-
y
KaJIbHblX JIHHHH
H306pa>KeHHSI.
ITpH Bocnp01i3BeJ1e-
HHM TB HcnblTaTeJIb-
HOH T86JIHL{bl Ha
...
IllKaJlC rpynnoBoH
I.IeTJ(OCTH B 06naCTH
rpynnbl, COOTBCT-
7 3aKa3 1211
0606w,eHHaR Ta6I1M4a HeMcnpaBHocTei:1
B03MO>KUaJl
npH\jHHd
PC)I(HM
pa60Tbi
TOK 3anHCH CHrHaJIa BocnpOH3-
L{BCTHOCTH, <I>ATIq Be.o;ellHe,
(npH DocnpoH3Be.o;c- 3anHCb.
HHH).
TOK 3anHCIt CHrHaJIa 3am-fCb.
L{BeTHOCTH, <I>ATI"tJ
KaHaJla UBCTHOCTH.
nOCTOSlHHaSl BpeMcHH BocnpOH3-
...
CTpOI.lHOH pa'JBCpTKH Be.o;cHHe,
TcncBH30pa, pa3Nax 3anHCb.
BHJI.COCHrHaJIa, HC-
60JlbllJHe Konc6aHHSI
CKOpOCTH BpalllCHHSI
EBr, IOCTHpoBKa
JITIM.
KOMMyraQHSI Br, Ha- BocnpoH3-
PYllJcn McaH.o;p UJIH BeJ],cHHc,
\jaCTOTa HMnYlIbCOB 3anHCb.
KOMMyraQHH Br.
rOnOBKa 06111cro BocnpOH'J-
CTHpaHHSI, BblCOKHH BC.z:tCHHC,
TOK 3anHCH qM CHr- 3anHCb.
HaJIa SlpKOCTH
(aMnlIHTYJ],a qM CHr-
HaJIa).
Y pOBCHb orpaHH':IC- BocnpOH'J-
HHSI 6enoro, qM MO- BC.o;CHHC,
Aymrrop, H3HoruCH- 3anHCb.
HblC BH.o;corOlIOBKH I
KOPPCKQHSI A qX
npe.l1.B8PHTeJIbHOrO
193
N!!
nn
37.
38.
39.
40.
HeHcnpaOHOCTb
CTByI011teH 'IaCTOTe 2
MrQ, napa:mTHblH
4>OH (nonocbl) HnH
MHraHHC SlpKOCTH.
HapYllleHHc QBeT-
HOCTH npH 3anHCH
HJIH BonpOH3Be.l{eHHH
("rpSI3110C" QBeTHOC
H306paJKeHHe).
H apyrncHo QDeTO
BocnpoH3Be eHHe
(HeecTcCTBCHH8JI
OKp8CK8 QBeTHOI'O
H:m6paJKeHHSI).
IIepeKomeHHoe I..(Ber-
Hoe H306paJKeHHe HJIH
Ha 'iepHo-6eJIOM
H306pa>KeHHH BepTH
KaJIbHble TeMHble no-
nOCLI.
Ha 'IepHo-6e.m.IX ne-
peXOAax H306pa)f(c
HHSI HCnbIT8TeJlbHOH
Ta6nHQbl MHr-8111U1
SlpKOCTH Pa3JIHt,lHOH
HHTenCHDIlOCTH.
41 OTcyrCTByer 3anHCb Ii
BOCnpOl-l3Be.l{Clllic
CHrHaTIOB 3B}'KoBoI'o
COnpOBO)K)],CHIUI.
42 He CTHpaCTcH CT8p8S1
38nHCb.
43 nCIIT8 38MHH8eTCSI B
npHcMHoH -K8TYUIKC,
npona,aaer 3BYK Ii 118
J94
B03MO)f(H8H
npH'IHH8
BHAcoycHnHTcJISI.
3H8'1ellHC KOM6HHa-
L1HOHHbIX '{8CTOT Ka-
Hana I.J;BeTHOCTH He
COOTBeTCTBYeT HO-
MHHaJIbHblM 3Ha'lC-
HHHM, 8MnJlHTYAa
BocnpOH3BOAHMoro
qM CHr-HMa.
<I>AIIq K8HMa L1BeT-
HOCTH, OpMHpOBa.
TeJlb 4>a30M8mmynH-
pOBallHOI'O CRrHana,
rCHcpaTOp 32IFH
Y CTaHOBK8 ypOBHCH
Orp811H'JCHHSI 6enoro
H 1fepHoro.
PeJKHM
pa60Tb)
I
I
BocnpOH3-
BeACHHC,
38nHCb.
BocnpOH3-
BC.I1.CHHe,
3anHCb.
BocnpOH3-
Be.u.CHHe,
3anHCb.
KOPPCKQIUI A QX BocnpoR3-
npe apHTeJlbHOrO BeJ(CHHC.
BH.l{eoYCHJIHTeJLSI, 6a-
naHC, 6oJIblllOU H3HOC
BHAeoronOBOK, TOK
3anHCH CHrHaJIa SIp-
KOCTH, 4>a3a HMnYJIb-
COB KOMMyral..(HH Br.
OGpblB uenCH npo- BocnpOH3-
XO CHHSI CHrHaJ10B BCJ(CHHC-
3B}'Ka, YIIQ3, KOM- 3anHCb
MyraQHR pC)I(HMOB.
HCHcnpaaeH reHepa- 3anHCb.
TOp CTHpaHHSI H nOA-
MarHH1fHBaHHSI, KOM-
Myral..{liSi pC)I(HMOB.
HCnpaBHJlbHO oTpC- 3anHCb,
rYJIHpOB8HO H8TIDKe- BocnpOli3-
IIHC JICnTbl, BLlCOT8 BeAeliHe
06oG eHHa Ta6f1M4a HBMCnpaBHOCTBH
N HCHCnpaBIIOCTb B03MO)KHaSi PC:>KHM
nn npH"IHHa pa60Thi
H306paJKCHHH noSID- HanpaBJUnOIllHX CTO-
JOOOTCSI WYMOBhlC no- CJ<:" nplDKHMIlOH po-
I
JIOCbI. JIHK_
44 n OBblUlCUUaH ):{eTO- HapYUleHa HaC-rpOH- BOCnpOH3-
lIallHSI CHrHaJIa 3BY- Ka MexaHH3Ma 06- Be)].elmc
KOBoro conpoBo:>J<,[{c- paTlloro H3TSlJKCHHSI,
HHSI. npOC;KaJIb3bIB aHi-le
JICHTbI B Y3JIC BB-
npH)KHMHOH ponHK.
45 He paooTaCT AHCT8H- HCHcnpaBeH nYJIbT 3anHcb,
L1UOHHOC ynpamlellHC. ,lJ;JiCTaHl{HOIIHOro yn- BocnpoH3-
paB.'ICHHSI nu60 npH- Be.ll.eHl1C
CMHHK ,lJ.l1CTaHl.!,HOH-
1101'0 VnpaBJICHHSI.
46 BM caMonpoH3Bonb- OTcyrCTByer O):{HH 3anHcb,
HO B03Bpall1aeTCSI B H3 CHrHaJIOB .n;aT'iU - Boenpoll3-
PC)KHM "CTon". KOB CHCTCMbJ aBTO- BeJWHHe.
MaTHtleCKoro ynpaB-
JIeHHSI.
47 Hc 3arpY)KaCTCSI H He HCHcnpaBCH ):{BHra- 3anHCb,
BblrpY)KaCTCSl Kacce- TelIl 3arpY3KH lCacce- BOCnpOli3-
Ta. 1'1,1. ,aa1'''IHK K3CCeTbI. BCD;CHHe.
48 He 3anpaBlUICTcSI HCHcnpaBeH JUmra- 3amicb,
MarHHTH8S1 nCHTa 13 rc.'lb 3anpaBKH JIeHTbl BocnpoH3-
JIIIM. HnH .n;aT"IHK KaCCCTbl. BenCHHC.
49 EM BblKmo'-laCTCSI H HCI1CnpaBHa CH(","reMa 3anHCb,
He pearHpyCT HH lIa aBTOMaTH'JCCKoro BocnpOl-l3-
O,D;HY 113 KOMan)]. c ynpaBJIenHSI. BC):{CHUC.
nynbTa ynpaBJICH1U1
HJIH c nYJIbTa [(Y.
50 lIe 3anOMHlIalOTCSI HeHcnpaBHo 3Hcpro- 3anHc1"
TCKYIllHC nac-rpoHKH HC'3aBHCHMoe 3ano- BocnpoH3-
nonepa BM Be):{eUHe.
MHHalOlltCe ycrpOl-I-
CTBO.
195
L
1. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
MCKpHBJIelffie BepTln<:aJThHbIX mn-nd1, nepeKOC H306pa-
)KCHH.SI CBepXY.
B03MOmJaR nplrlHHa:
Henp8BHJn.HO ycr8HOBJIeHO HaT J:)KCHHC .'1CHTbI (He
Ka)f(D.brH npOH3BO,lUITeJTh oCyrnCCTBJnIeT pery.rmpOBKY Ha-
TH)f(elllUl JICHTbI) , nOCTomrnaH BpeMeIDl :u.eIDI Anq H <n
Te.rrenH30pa (AIV 6K8HaJIa) TaKoBa, liTO HC OTCrre)KHBaIOTCSI
BpCMelfi{},le HCKa>KeHIDI CTp0IlIIbIX CIDIXp0ID.fnymcoB BH-
]l,eOCHrHana (CM. rnaBY "nO.D:KJIIO'leHHe Te.JleBH30pa no
AN -KaHa.rry K BH.LI:eOMan-lliTO OHY"). B03MO)I(Jla nenpa-
BHJThHaH YCTaHOBKa Hanp8BIDIIOIIUlX CToeK MeX8Irn3Ma 38-
npaBKH neHThI.
MeTO YCTpaHelDUl:
C nOMOI.Ub1O H3McpHTeIDI H8TH>J<elllUl neHTbI H3MeplITb
H8TH>KCHHC MarHHTHOH JIeHTbI H, npH Heo6xoJUiMOCTH,
no.aperyIDIpOBaTb. C nOMOlI1h1O OCWUVIorpa4Ja npOBC-
pHTb COOTBeTCTBHe CHrHaJIOB ynpaBJIeIDlR Ii 06paTlIbIX
CBH3CM npHBo.aa nnM OCl.(HJIJIorpaMMaM, npHBe.aeIIHbIM n
CepBHCHOH }J.OKYl'rfeHTawrn. nponcpHTb YCTaHOBKY BH,L(CO-
ronoBOK Ha 6apa6allc (Dihedral, CM. CTp. 225) H n8np8n-
JUIIOlUHX CTOCK.
2. HeMcnpasHocTb:
OpH nocnpOl13Bc.ncmm 113 o6pa>J<eIIJUI Ha 3Kp8nc ne-
PHO,Z:I;li'lCCKM CBepXY npOXomlT ropH30llT8JThHbIe mYMOBLle
nOJIOCbl (perymlTopoM TpeKHHI"'a nOJIOCbI ncpCMcrnalOTCSI
no B(..'PTHKaJrn), nepHO,Z:J:l{qeCKH npona.u,aCT 3BYJ<.
BU3MOilaiali DplfllHlla:
3arpH3HcHHe JInM, c6HTa n8C1poHKa JIllM lIJI.H CI1I1-
xpOrOJIOBKH. He npaBl1JIbHO oTperyIDIpoBaHa BblCOTa
CTOCK Mexalfil3Ma 38npanKH rrCHTbl; .aC<}>OpMHpOB8IUI8H
JIeHTa (BOm-mCTOCTb Kp8eB). TIpM Bhm8JJ.CHIDIX
(npon8.u.8UHH) CI1HXpOHMnyJD.>C8, CIfiITbmaCMoro C .aOpO>K-
KH ynpaBJICHIDI, rnyMOBbIe nonOCbl Ha H306pa)l(cmm 6Y.1XYT
nOSIBJUlTLCH BpeMCHaMH, KpOMC Toro, n 38BHCHMOCTH OT
CTeneHH JI.e OpMal.U1M rrCHTLI. MO>KeT OCJIa6eB3Th CHrHaJI
3B)'KOBOrO conpOBO)l():(eHIDl.
196
9. nOHCK H YCTpaHeHHe HeHcnpasHocTeM
MeTO;l YCTpaHeIllUl:
O'IHCTKa HJIH MexaJIHqeCK8.H IOCTHpOBK8 3llCMeUTOB
J1llM B COOTBeTCTBIIH C peJ<oMelIJI.8I.UUIMH, npHBc.ncHlThIM:11
B CepBHCIiOM .n:.oKYMeHTal.{IDI. I1cnO.:Ib30BaTb HOBYIO rrelny
H.IDI npOBeCTII Bll3yaJThHLllf OCMOTp KOHTpOJThHOH rreHTbl.
IOCTI1pOBKa CIDIXP03B)'KOBOM rOJIOBKH; oco6eHHO lIeo6-
XOJ];HM8 B crryq a JlX , Kor,na npM BOCrrp0113Bc.n:.cmrn crapbIx
neHT HeHcnp8BHOCTb He Ha6mo.a.8eTCH, a np" BocnpOH3Be-
,nellllli 1I0BblX - Ha :lIcpalle III)'MOBblC nonOCbl.
3. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
IIpM BOcnpOH3Be.nemrn Ha :nq)aHe nosmmnoTCjJ nepe-
Mem.8101JU1eCR cluny myMOBbIe nonOCLI (perymrropoM TpC-
KHHra nOJIOCLI nepeMelIJ.aroTcH no BepTHKam1). 113MCIDICT-
CH l!BeTOBOM TOH 3erreHoro UBCT8 (G- Y).
B03MOmt3a Dpll'lHlla:
C6HTa HacrpOMK3 J1IIM HJDf 3arp.Sl3HeIDIC ero 3JICMeH-
TOB; HenpaBH1ThHO oTperyJillpOB8HhI 3nCMeHThl MexaIDI3M8
38npaBKH nCHTbI; C6HT8 IOCTHpOBK8 CI1HXp03ByKOBOM ro-
nOBKH, B03MO>KH3 HCHcnpaBHOl.'Th CaMO" CHHxporonoBKH.
MeToJ]; YCTpalleHHH:
01filcTKa H IOCTHpoBJCa qaCTCH H 31lCMCHTOB J1nM CO-
rJmCHO CepBHCHOH IDICTpyxuHH. npOBCpHTb CQOTBeTCTBl1e
CHrHarrOB B JCOHTpOJIbHhIX TOIIKax cxeMbI BM OClUfJUIO-
rpaMMaM 19, 26, 27 (CTp. 32, 187).
4, 5. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
<l>a30Bbrn cJCa1.IoJC CTpO'DlOro CHHXPOI-IJ13HpYI0ll.{ero
HMrryJThC8 BH,IJ.eH B IDDKHCH (4) HnH BCpXHCM (5) 1J3CTII
H306pa)l{CIDlH. B03Mo:a(HO, np" BOcnpoH3E1e.aemrn pa3JlliQ-
HblX 3anHccH, nOHllJIeHHe 3THX CK81JKOB B PC3YJIbT3Te Ha-
JIO>KellIDl CHTllaJIa llCTpoemmro renepaTopa TCCT-CHI'Ha.aa.
B03Mo»maH nplfllHHa:
BoCnpOH3lJe.aeIDie Bl1.D:eocpoHorpaMMbl, 3anHC3mlOH H8
BM C HenpaBHJIbHOH peryJllfpODKOH CAP EBr; npH B03-
HMKHOBCHIlli 3Toro HCKa)l{eIlH5I H306pa)l(CHillI npH BOC-
npOH3Dc,lJ.CIIHH co6cTBeHHoM 3aID:ICH Hco6xOAHMO npoBc-
pHTh HacTpoHKY CKOpOCTH npalUcnw:I EBr lIa npe,rI;MeT
COOTBeTCTBHSI ee 1I0MlffiaJThHoMY 31I3QeHJ1IO, a T3K)I(e MO-
MenT JCOMMYT3I.U1H BH,n:eorOJiOBOK.
. 197
-
MCTOL{ )'CTpaliemtH: I
Dp" BOCnpOH3BC,aeHllll H3MCpl-ITelThHOH MarHHTHoi-i
nCHTbI OCLJ;I11J.Jl0rpa<l>oM npOBepHTb H, np" ne06XOJJJIM:OC-
TH, nO.uperym1pOB3Th nOJIO)KeUHe <ppOHTa Tpane[(CH.nalTh-
Horo I.l1\lny.IThCa CAP fiBr (B3aHMHOC nOJIO)KCUHe HaKJIOH-
1101'0 ( pOHT3 Tpaneueaa.aJThHOrO HMnYJIbca H HMnymca
.aaTQl1K3 nonO)KCHJI.S1 EBr). MOMenT KOMM)'Ta[(HH Br npH
38nHCH YCTaH3BIDID8crcSi cornaCIlO CCpBHCIiOH IUlCTPYK-
l\IUI TaK, QTo6b1 HHTcpBarr Me)l(]{y pOHTOM (cna.lI.OM) HM-
nyaLcon KOMMYT31U-UI BI-I.l(COrOJIOBOK II HaqaJIOM KaJ.qJOBO-
ro CI1I-IXPOHl-l3l1pYIoll\CrO IL\.mYiD,c8 BH.n;COCIITrIaJI3 6bIJI
5... I I Cl})OK.
6. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Ha II306pa)f(CHliH nepeMCIlI.3IOI.IU1CC$I no BCCMY 3Kpany
rop1I30IlTanhHbIC myMOBbIC nonOCbl, lIeycTOHqHBaSl CHII-
xpOHll3al-V-iSl no K3.n;paM (1-1306pa)f(cmrc no.n:epl HBaercSI no
BcpTuKa.rrn). PcryrulTopoM TpCKHHT3 nOMeXll YC1]J3HHTb
IIC y.n:aCTCSI.
B031\IOil\Haa npll'lIDla:
HapymcHHc IOCTHpOBKJ.I 3neMCHTOB JUIM. C6HT8
ycralloBK3 MOMCHT8 KOMMYT8U;HH Br ($a30BbIH CKaqeK
GAP) (5...11 crpOK). GAP ocymecTBIDICTcH BO npCM1J Ka.n;-
ponoro CIUIXPOHH3Hpyrouxero HMnyJThC3. )J;eroHaUHSI npH-
DOlla JInM JIH60 nCHcnpaBHocTH B CHCTCMC TpcKHHr8.
HCHcnpaBHocTL lEUI lIapyrncn3 perYIDlpoBKa MCX3IUI3 Ia
HaDI)f(CI-Um JICHTbI Hilll npH)KHMHOrO pomIK8.
MCTO YCTpaucHIUI:
KOI-IIpOJIb nOJIO)KeHJUI MOMCHTa KOMMYT8U.HH Br
(<l>83a H mYJIbCOB KOMMyrarnnI Bl1JJ;corOJIOBOK, GAP) 1-1,
npH Heo6xoJ(HMOCTM, cro pcrymlpoBK3 (OCQ. 26, 27, CTp.
187). npOBepKa nOJIOjf(CHIHI CToeK JInM. C nOMOillLIO oc-
IUIJLTIOrpa(IJa H qaCTOTo fcpa npOBCpHTL U8JIWUIC, ( OPMY,
ycroi-iqlIDOCTL I-I qaCToTY HMnyJIbCOB .u:ayqJ-1K8 nOJIO)KCHIUI
EBr. npOBCpHTb ucnH CAP npHBoJJ:8 nnM. B COOT-
BCTCTDIUI C cepBHcHoH HlICTp)'Kl.(Hei-i oTpcrYJIMpOB8Tb fe-
XalUI3M 06paTHoro HaTSlJKCIUUI nCHTbI.
198
9. nOHCK H YCTpaHeHH9 HeHcnpaBHOCre"
7. HOMcnpaBHocTb:
KOHT)'pbl M306pa>KcHHSJ p83J1)30CHbI no BceMY :ncpaH)'
(cMcmclILI .npyr OTHOCHTClThHO .npyra Ha 10 CM no ropli-
30HTaIDI), HapymeHs tJen<:OCTb H306pa>KCIIIDI.
B03Mo:awas npwoma:
Hc COBns..a:aeT BpCMH npOXo>K.ZJ:ellHH CHrHaJIOB HpKocrn
II UBCTHOCTH B 6JIOKe o6pa6oTKH CIfi1-1alIOB.
MeTo,a YCTp3HCIUIH:
BblpaBIIHBsHHe BpCMClllI npoxo>l\.neHIDI CHrH81IOB HP-
KOCTH H IUJeTHOCTH JnurnCH Ja,nep>KKH B KaHane HpKOCTH.
OMMeTpOM npOBepHTh .mnnno Ja,ltep)lCl(lI.
8. HeMcnpasHocTb:
11306p8>KClillc BocnpOH3BOJ.I)ITCH C M8JIOH HpKOCThIO II
HeeCTeCTBCHHOII nepCH8CbIInCWIOH 01q)8CKOH.
BO:JMoarnaH npWIIIH3:
OTCyrCTBYcr CHrH8JI HpKOCTH H8 BLlxo.n;e ynQI1 (PHC.
18) B pe>KHMc JarmCH. HeHcnpaBHbI l.{crm 06P860TKH CHr-
HaJIa HpKOCTH B pe>KHMc JamIC" HIDf BocnpoH3Bc,nCHIDI
(PliC. 6, 12, 18, 19, OCl.{. I). AMnmrry.n8 CHrH8JIa HH)f(C 110-
MlllIaJIbHOrO JH8QCHIDI.
MeTOl( YCTpaIiCIDIA:
C nOMOl.Itb1O oCQHJIJIorpa a npocJIc.lUITb npoxO>I<JI.eHHC
nUTC no l.{CIDIM KaHaJIa HpKOCTIl.
9. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Ecrb QepHo-6eJIoc, IICT l.{BeTHoro H306pa:>KCfllUI. MIDI
QepHo-6erroe H306pa>Kelille BOCnpOH3BO,lUiTCSI C CIDThHhIMH
l.{BCTOBLIMH nOMexaMH
B03MO*llaR nplrlHHa:
3arrncL C.lXe.rraH8 npH BblKJIIotJelUIOM KaH8JIC I {BeT-
nOCTH. HCHcnpaBHoCTII I{CnCH npoxo eI-IHH CIfi1Ia"'Ia
l.{BeTHOCTIi. J<JllO'ICBOrO K8CKa.n:a BCIThUlIKII, npeo6pa30Ba-
TCrrC" qaCTOT, reHepaTopa nO.lUIecywcH 4.43 Mru. BeJIM-
'DIHa TOKa Jarrnc" CHTHaJIa l(BeTHOCTH He COOTBeTCTBYeT
HOMHH81ThHOMY 3Ha'lcmno. HapymcH8 COBMecTHMOCTb
(aJHMyr8JIbHbIC yrJILI H8KJIOHa Br He COBna aIOT C yrna-
MH H31illOH3 Br ]q)yroro BM, Ha KOTOpOM 6Lm3 CACJIaHa
3aImCb, npII 3TOM CBOg 3amlCL BOCnpOHJBO,lUITCSI C IUJC-
TOM). H8JIO:>KClrne nyJIbCaWiH HanpR>KeHHjI IDITaIDIg Ha
199
HecyrnylO 1:IaCTOTY. HCI1CnpaBHa H."'IH napymclla HaCTpOM-
Ka CXCMbI On03HaBaHIDJ CHCTCMbI KO,lI;l1pOBalllUl l{BeTa.
MeTOlt YCTpaHelmH:
C nOMolUblO I.UI pOBOro qaCTOTOMepa H OCUHJIJIOI]Ja-
<l>a npOBcpHTb CHrHaJThI reuepaTopa nOJI,HccyrncH (FFTo) H
BcnO fOraTCJThHOro rCHepaTopa (F HZ), CHrHaJI Ha BbIxo.ae
OCHOBHoro npco6pa30BaTClliI (F H), npeo6pa30naiUlbrn ne-
pCllcceHHblH B H1..J. 06JIaCTb CHI"HajI lWCTIIOCTH (FHT) H
CMI"Harr I..(BCTHOCTH nl.{TC (FAT) B PC)l(MM8X 3amICH H BOC-
npOH3Be,lI,CIIIDI (OCI..{. 2, 3, 5). npOBcpHTh CTa6111IbHoCTb
H8npSDKeHIUI lliIT8HIDJ KallaJIa UBCTHOCTH H pq npeo6pa-
30B8TCIDI. npH nanH nyJThC8lu,rn H.IDI nOMCX B II11Ule
mlTal-llUl OT<t>HJIbTIWB8Tb I1X C nOMOII(bIO KOH,lI.cHcaTopa
CMKOCThlO 0,1 K( . npOKoHTpOJrnpoB8Tb Ha.Jll:lqJ1C CHrn8-
nOB B KOH1p0JIbIIbIX rot{J(ax CXCMbI on03HaB8HHJI.
J
r
10. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
nepcHaCbIIIJ;clllioe l.{BeTlloe H306p a :>KCHHC.
B03MO*HaH IIpH'llDla:
HCHcnp8BHoCTb APY CHrH8JI8 l{BeTHOC1.l1, CXCMbI KOp-
pCKlU1I1 aMruIHTYDPI WeTOBO" BClThllIIKH, CYMM8Topa CHr-
HaITOB HpKOCTH M l{BeTHOCTII C APY. (B nOCne,lJ.HeM CJ ac
.lI,alrnoc HCKa)l(CHMe H306pa>l<CHIDI npOHBJUleTCH npH 3aIDI-
CM H B PC)I(R,\fC E-E), (PHC. 18, 19).
MeToD YCTpaHelUlH:
npOBepHTb I1cnpaBHocTh <t>HJIbTp8 APY CHrHalIa
UBCTHOCTH H ua.Tllfql1C ynp8BJUIIOl.I{crO H8npSDKelIIDI APY.
C nOMOI..IU>IO OCl.{HJIJlorpa a npOBepHTb HcnpaBHoCTb Bbl-
mc ynoMHHYTblx KacKaJ(oB 11 COOTBeTCTBHC CHrHaITOB lIa
HX BX.O.rr,8X H BbIXO,lI,8X OCltIDIJIorpaMMaM 2,3.
11. HeMcnpaSHocTb:
.11306pa>l<cHHc OTCYTCTBYeT, 118 3Kp8HC mYMhI ("CHer").
B03Moxmaa IIpWIIIHa:
TIOHep lie lIaCl}>OCH Ha nplllIHM8eMhIH KaHaJI, lie no,n-
KJIIOIlClla aHTClllia. HCMcnpaBHOCTII CCJIeKTopa Kall8JIOB,
ynQI1 H pQ npeo6p830BaTeJDI (HaJllRHe HanpH>Ke1Ul2
IDITalfiljl npOBepHCTCH B pe>KMMC E-E). OTCYTCTBHe 1fM
naKCTOB Ha BhlXOJ{e npe.lIBapHTeJIbHOrO BI1.l(COYCH1DITCJUI.
200
9. nO\i1CK \i1 YCTpaHeH e He cnpaBHOCTe"
Cm.IUO<OM M3JI Hml OTCYTCTBYCT TOI< 33nHCH CHrH3JI8 Slp-
KOCTH (B pC>KID-Ie 3amICH).
Mel.ou YCTpallelUlH:
npOH3BeCTH co6cTDelIHYro 3anHCb H npoBepHTb pa6o-
TY BM B pe>KHMC E-E. C nOMoI.Ub1O BOJIbTMeTpa Ii OCI..{HJI-
Horpatj)a npoDepHlb HanpSl)l(eHHC ffirr3H11S1 H TOK 3anHCH
Clm-IaJIa "PKOCTII.
12. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Pa3MbITOe H306pa>Kel-me, npHQCM CBeTJILle YQaCTIG1
H}fCIO r qpe3 lepno 6oJIbmyro SlpKOCTb.
BO:JMOiKllaH npll'llllla:
HWJKOC p33pemellHe CnI'H8!I3 SlpKOCTH "3-33 Hcnpa-
BHm.1I0H YCTaHODKH rpmUPiHhIX .IaCTOT qM MO)l,ymlTOpa.
Hapymena H3CI1JOHKa QeneH npeJJ.KOppeKWUf. Hap)'rnCHa
H8C-!J>OHKa yn "lJ11.
MeTO.a YCTpaHCIIHH:
npOBepHTb pa60TY BM npH BocnpOH3BeJI,eUlUl qY>KoH
3anHCH. npOH3BCC111 C06CTBCIOrylO 3am-ICb C O,U;HonpCMell-
HOM nponepKOH pe>KHM3 E-E. npOBCpHTh pa60TY H X8-
paKTepHCTHKH ucnCH BBeJJ:el-lIDI npe.l(bICK3>Kel-Illli II neneH
HX KOppeKIU-lli. COrJI8CHO cepBHcnOH HHCTp)'KlUlli npOBe-
pHTb Ht npH Heo6xoJJ}IMOCTH, npOBeCTH H8CTpolIKY KOH-
TypOD ynql1, (OCQ. 1,6).
13. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
DepHO,lJ;HqCCKH Hml C8MonpOH3BOJIbHO npona.naeT
qBeTlIOe H306pa>KClillC (MHraeT WeT), HIDI Ha BCpXHCH no-
JIOBIIHe l!BeTIIoro H306pa>KeHIDI nmlBJUlJOTCH LtBCTHblC 1'0-
pH30HT3JThlILIe nOJIOCbl (">Kalli03H").
B03 IO aH nplfllHlla:
HcncnpaBH3 <I>Anq rCHcpaTopa nO.D:HCcyrncH qaCTO-
TI>I MIDI KBapQCBbIH pC30naTOp, paccrpofu<a qaCTOTbI rc-
....
HepaTopa nOJJ;HeCyI.QeH H BcnOMOraTelThHOrO rCHcp3Topa.
MeTO YCTpaHCIUIJI:
npODepHTb pa60TY t1>Anq reHepaTopa nO,I1.HeCYll.{eH,
OCl(UilJIorpa<l>oM npOI<OH1])OJIHpOBaTh ynpanIDlIOmee Ha-
npH>KeHMe Ha $HJThTpe <I>Anq. C nOMOl.lU>1O UH$pOBoro
.IaCTOTOMcpa H3McpHTb 11, npH He06xoJJ:HMOCTH, nO,lXc1])o-
lITh qaCTO fbl rCHepaTopa nO.lI;UecymeH H ncnOMoraTClIb-
201
lioro reHepaTOpa, npOBCpHTb HX CHHXpOffil3al.{illO C 1.J3C-
TO rOM BCITh1IID<H H IJaCTOTOM CTpOIJllblX CHJIXpoHMnY:ILCOB
COOTBeTCTBCHHO. npOBCpHTh naillt1file crp06HPYlOlncro
HMnyJThC3 BClThnlIKH 11 CTpOIIlIbIX ClffiXpOHM3HpyrolIUi X
IDo.lnyJThCOB (ocU. II).
14. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Ha H306pa)KCHHH 6b1cTpo nepCMcmaIOIIIHeCH CBCPXY 11
CHH3Y K CepC;UlHC 3J<p3Ha ropH30HTaJThHblC Ill)'MOBbiC no-
nOChl. PcrYJrnpoBKa TpeKHHra He ,naer 3aMCTIlbIX PC1YJIh-
TaToB. npH 3TOM HHor.na 6bmaer nOBhnuclrnaH.lI.CTOHal(IDI
'3B)'K8 HJI}f BOJIl-1006pa3HOC CMCmCHMC rpyrm C1'pOK no ro-
pH30llTaJill (CM. pHC. 22, 23).
B03MO aJlIIJ)II'DDla:
I1cKa)KclDUI BOCnpoH3Bo.nmwro 11M CID"Hana npHBO-
WIT K nepHO,Z:(W1ecKOMY RJIM nomIOMY npona.namno CHH-
XPOCMCCH B nu.TC H8 Bblxo,ne BM H, CJIe.zx:o BaTeJIbHO , K
C60HM B CAP npH.Bo.zx:oB JInM H EBr, liTO BJJCqer 38 co-
60" nosmneHHe .zx:aHllblX nOMex Ha H306p8JKemrn. To )ICe
caMoe B03HHK3eT 113-38 paCCTpOCK JInM H PC)f(HMOB pa-
60Thl npHBo.n.oB J1nM H 6Br, B SJ8CTHOCTH, 113-38 Hapy-
IllCHWlIOCTHpOBKH CIDIxporonOBKH.
MeTon YCTpaHcmm:
C nOMoIUbIO OCI.UL"lJIorp8 a COrJlaCHO CCpBHCHOM 11.0-
K)'MCHTaUHH COOTBCTCTB)'IOmcro npOH3BOJJ:f[TCIDI npOBC-
pHTh H8ID1qJ1e CHlllanOB CHHXpOHH3awm: H CHI"HaJIOB 06-
paTHblx CBSl3eH B CAP BB H 6Br. npOBcpl1Tb paBHoMep-
HOCTb q M naKCTOB 118 BbIxo.ne npe]{B8pHTCJlbHOrO BM,ACO-
YCHmlTCIDI H, npH Heo6xo.lI.MMOCTH, perYJIHpOBJWH JInM
YCTP3UHTb mill CBeCTH K MHHHM)'MY ITAM B qM CHrHarre.
OTLIOCTHlJOB8Tb norrOJKeHHe CmIxpOrOJIOBKH.
15. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Ha M306p8>KenIDI rOpH30HT8JThHbIe UJYMOBhlC nOJIOChl
nCpCMeIIJ.3IOTCSI OT UCHTp3 J( Kp3HM 3Kp8n8. PCryJIMpOBK8
TpeKHura lie ,n3cr PC3YJThTaTOB. B03MO)KH8 JI.eTOHaI..U1H
3B)'K3.
B03MoxmaR nplflllrna:
CKOpOCTb npamel-nUl BB He .nOCTHracr CBoero HOMH-
U8JThHOI-O 3uac;ICHIDI. OCyw,CCTBIDIeTCH cKaIJKoo6p83H3H
202
9. nO"'CK M YCTpaHeHMe HeMcnpaeHocreH
pcry;rnpoBKa cJ<opOCTH )UJMjJ(CIDUI neH fbl H3-3a BbIxo.na
qaCTOTbl Bpa eHHH BB I13 .lI:Hana30Ha 3axnaTa CAP. Ko-
ne6aIUUI MJIM nyJThcawrn lIanpH)I(CI-llUI nM raHIDI ronrraTcIDI
BB. Kone6aHwI qM naKeTOB "3-33 Hap)'meHIDI nOCJIe)Xo-
BaTeJThHOCTII II nL'}JlfOJJ:H1llIOCTH KOMMYTaUIDf Hr. Pac-
CTpOHKa 3nCMCHTOB (BbICOTa CToeK) JITIM M pC>Kl-L\.fOB pa-
60TbI EBr II BB.
MeTOJ1 )'CTpaUCIIHJI:
C nOMOI bIO <PpORoro qaCTOTOMcpa II OCI{I-J.TlJIorpa-
c}Ja M3MCpHTb CKOpOCTII Bpa cHILSI JJ;I3I-lraTCJICH HB M EBr,
npOBcpHTh HalllPIHe J-I COOTBCTCTBHC nacnopTHbIM }(,aH-
HbIM CMrHanOB L(aTqJfl(OB nOJIo)l(CUIDI II CKOpOCTH Bpaln e -
HIDI EBr H BB, peJKMMbl no nOCToHlIHOMy TOKY CXCM
ynpaBJICHIUl npl1BO)];aMH nTIM M EBr. TIpM 3TOM: oco6oc
BHHMaIDIe 06paTHTb lIa nyJThcawrn (CCJlli TaKOBble HMe-
IOTCH) HanpH)I(CIDIM ynpaBJICHHH JXBMrarC1DIMH EBr II BE.
TIpOBCpHTb perym1poBKy 11nM If McaH.I:qJ CHrlIana KOM-
Myraw-m Br.
16. 17. HeMcnpasHocTb:
Ha li306pa)KeUHH CBeTJThle (16) MIDI TCMIII:.IC (17) ropH-
30HTaJIbHblC nonOCbl (mTpHXH) C MHHHMaJIbHOH wnmoH
1/3 CTpOl<H (20 MKc).
B03MO "HaJillpWDDla:
TIrroxoc KaqeCrBO ManlMTJIOH nCHTbI, HaCJIOCIDUI IThI1llI
II I1HI3M Ha JICHTe II 3JIeMeHTax nDM. HaBe.aeHHble CTaTH-
1JCCKl1e 3apH"lJ;hI BbI3bmalOT aHanOrlfllHl,le MCKa)f(eHIDI
H306p, a)KCHIDI TOJThKO B DMJ(C TOqCK M OqCHb KOPOTKHX
ID11H-fXOB. HelfcnpaBHOCTb MIDI HapynlCHMC pcrYillfpOBKH
I<OMnenCaTopa BLma.nclllIif (PHC. 14, 15).
MCTO YC1'paHclum:
Bo-nepBLlx, Hco6xo):l;llMO BbIJICHHTh, Bbl3BaHO Jill HC-
l<a)KeUHC H306pa)l(CInUI MCnOJIb30BaHHeM HCKaqCCTBCH]-IOH
nCHTbl. )J..lliI 3Toro npoBepHTh l<aQCCTBO BocnpOH3BO.n;H-
Moro M306pa)Keillifl c .Lq>yroH KaCCCTbI. C nOMOIIU>1O oc-
I..{,I1JlJIorpd<j>a npoBepMTb CJ-lrHan H3 BblXO.u.C .D;e:rcKTopa
BLmaJI,crnrn, pa6oT)' KOMMYTaTopa KOMneHcaTopa Bbma-
.u.emrn: M HcnpaBHOCTb YClpoi1cTBa 3a.u.ep)l(J(H Ha I C'I}JOKY
(OCLt. 7, 20, 21, 22).
203
18. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
TOT >Ke BH,lJ, HCHcnpaBHocTH, K8K B n.n. 16, 17. Te ulMc
nonepCq}{bIC nonOCbI.
38Me'l3Iillc: B YCTapemIDlx MOJI.eJUlX BM Ko nCHcaI..llUl
Bbm8.nellliit OC)1.QCCTBIDIeTCH He 3alJ:ep)l(allllbIM 80cnpOH3-
BOJU{MbIM Cm"U:8nOM, 8 CHrHanOM (ypOBHeM HanpSDKClllUI)
lIa BXO)];C qM .nCMO.n:)'IliITOp3, 3KBHB3rrCHTHblM ypOBlno
ceporo B BHJJ.COCID'H8!Ie.
19. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
rOpH30HT8JThIlbIC HeperyIDlpHbIC 30111>1 nOMex HHor.aa
nOSIBruuOI.IUlCCH 118 H306pa>Keffiill. 01111 MOryr HaXOAHTCH
H8 O.D:HOM ypOBHe H.ilH Me,!JJICIlliO ncpCMem3TbCH no JKpa-
HY.
B03MOilrnaH npwnma:
nOBpC>I<.L1: eIDUI nCHThl ( CCT8 l-i3m63 , 3aMHTOCTH, 01'-
CYTCTBHC HJIH nonpe>l<.L1:eIDUI M8nDITHOI"O CJIOH), 06YCJIOB-
JICHHbIC n8pymeHHeM IOCTHpOBKH 110M.
MeToJJ. )'CTpaneIUUI:
npOBCC1.H 38mICb Ha HOBOH JICHTC. BIi3yaJThHO OQC-
II.HTb x8paKTep nOBpe>K.D:Cmrn. BH3Y8JThHO npoKOIITpOJIH-
pOBarb Tp8HcnopTHpoB3HHe neHThI B 110M B pC)l(HMe 33-
ffilCH MIDt BocnpOH3BClI.C1IMH H BbIHCHHTh, K3KHM 3J1CMCn-
TOM mill Y3JIOM JlnM nOBpe:>KIJ:8CTCH JICHTa (npl1JKl-L\UibIM
pC3lliiOBbIM pOillIKOM, nCJI;YIInL\'1 BaJIOM, CHHXp03B)'KOBOH
rOlIOBJ<OH H.nt MCX8IDI3MOM 3anp8mrn :ICHThl). Ec.IDI JIeHT3
38MHII8CTCH Ha BXO.u:C (BhIXOJ(C) K8CCeTbl, TO lIe06xo)lHM3
TIn3TeJILHa}l peryIDIpoBK3 BblCOThl YCT8HOBKH noro<aTY-
meqHill(OI3 (npHCMHOI"O lL'lli no.aarorn.ero Y3noB .nOM).
20. HeMcnpasHocTb:
,ABocHHc H306paJKeHHH. Ha.rrOJKCHHC ;xpyr 1I3 !qJ)Ta
IICCKOJIbKHX pa3.JIWlHblX 113 06p aJKCHHH , lIa 38II;HCM fl.TIaHe
BHJ(Ha BepTID<8:lhllaH nOMexa II BH.lI.e BcpTHK81ThHOH, X30-
Tl-PICCKH nepeMern.aIOllJ,e:ikH no ropH30HTaJrn, 01' CI-IHJo;.PO-
CMCCH TIQTC.
B03MOilmaH DpIAlma:
BucmnMM BlLIJ; HCK3)1(etIIDI H306paJKCHIDI JlCHO CBH,AC-
TeJIbCTBYeT 0 HaJIHqUH nOMCX n BbICOJW'laCTOTHOM 6:IOKC
BM (TlOHep HJIH pq npc06pa30n8TeJIb) - nepeKpecTHaSl
204
9. nOIo1CK'" ycrpaHeH"'e Helo1CnpaBHOCreH
Mo.uymnUUIIUIH mlTepcl>cpe Ol-lHLm npHeM TB Cl1rHarr8.
HCHcnpaBHOCTb nonepa (ccrreKTOp K8HaJIOB HmI Yn1.JI1).
nepeKpccTHbIe HCKa)ll;ellliH MeiI<.ZIY CHrH8JIaMH Ha aHTCH-
HhIX BXO.n:C Ii Bblxo.n:e pq npeo6pa30BaTCIDI (-qepC3 3HTCH-
H}'). HaCTpOHK8 qaCTOTbl Bq Mo.n:yIDITopa COBna1l8cr c
qaCTOTOH npHH.HM:aCMOro TB KaHana.
MeTo,t:( }'CTpaHCIUIJI:
nOMeHHTh MCCT8MH 8HTeHHbie rHC3.l(a BM. I1cnO;Th30-
BaTh AN-KaHan nO.Ll,K.TUOqCHIUI TcncBH30pa }( BM. .n;JUI
HCKmoQCmUI nepcKpcCTlIbIX nOMCX HCnOJTh30B3Tb BXO.LJJIOH
arremoaTop M1ll1 3arpaJK.D:alOl..I.U1H 4JH1IbTp C qaCTOTOH Ha-
CTpOHKH Ha McmalOI..J:J)lli TB KaHan.
21. HeMcnpasHocTb:
CHJThHO 3aUl)'MrrCIlliOC H306pa)KCIDIC (tI cHel ''').
B03Mo»man IIpINHHa:
HCHcnpaBHocTb CeJIeKTOpa KaHanOB, YD411 HJ.£H P1.I-
npco6p830BaTc1J5I (aHTcmlbl:H YCH.JlliTCm..). HCTOq}faH H3-
cTpoHKa nollepa. 3arp.H3HCHHC HJill nOBpe>KL(CI-lliC DH,.."1;eO-
rOJIOBOK.
MCTO.a YCTpaHelUUl:
npOBepHTb Hanp.HJl<cJrnC rUfTalrnH H PC)f(HMbI pa601bI
6JIOKOB TIOHepa. Oco6oc DHHMBJrnC o6paTHTb Ha pa60TY
APY Ynlll1. C nOMOI.qbIO OC1UIJJJIorpa a npOBcpHTL 3M-
n.:nny.n:y H paBHOMcpllOCTb llM naKCTOB Ha BbIXO;LC npc,1J,-
DapHTCJThHOrO BH,LI,COYCHIDnClliI npH BocnpOH3BC)J,cnilll
H3MepHTCJThHOH nCHTbI. OIfiiCTH1.b BH.lI:COrOnOBKH. npH
nOBpCJK,!(eHHI1 H H3Hoce Br, 3aMCHHTb HX HJilI BeCb II)1CK
fiBr.
22. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
HapyrncHa o6ma)l (Jrn6o no cTpoKaM) Cl-DlXpOIll-I1aw-f.H
11306pa>KeHlliI, 3aDopOT H306pa>Kem-UI BnCBO, Hi-Fi 38)'1<
130cnpOH3DOJU.iTCH c HCK nl<elIllilMH.
B03Mmimaa npn-JHHa:
fiOJfbUlHC Konc6aHWI. CKOpOCTH BpaI.IJ.CHH.H fiBf. 1.Jac-
TOTa BpaU CHlliI fiBr IflUKC HOMlllia.1ThHOH, D pC3)'m>THTC
qero CAP HcnpepblDHO nODLllllaer CKOpOCTb npamCHI-ISi
6Br tJ:o HOMHHaJIbIJOro 3HaQCHHSI, HO HC B COCTOHHHlI
205
y.u.cp)KaTh ee H3-3a CJlliIIIKOM 6oJIhmoro ee OT.JIWiIDI OT
HOMI,maJla.
MeTo,n YCTpaHCHID1:
C nOMOI.I MO UH$pOBoro qaCTOTOMepa H OCQHlL"Iorpa-
<l>a H3MepHTh napaMeTpbl Cl-rrHana .l.I:8PIHKa CKOpOCHI
Bp8mCI-IJ:lH EBr HB npeAMeT HX COOTBCTCTBIiJI nOMl-rnaJIh-
IIbIM 3Ha'lCJII1S1M, npH neCOOTBeTCTBHM - no.u:pcry.iUlpo-
BaTh. 06H3aTe!ThHO ne06xo.n;HM0 npOBepHTh eOOTBCTCTBHC
naCnOpTIihIM JJ.anHbIM 3H8qeHIDI HanpH)KCHHH IIDTaHHSI
CAP EBf M Beero BM B l.{eJIOM (Ha BbIxo,n:,e 6110K8 IIHT8-
I-mSl). npOBepHTh COOTBeTCTBMC oCU,H.TIJlorpaMM n KOH-
TpOJThIIhIX TOq](ax CXCMbl oCUHlUIof1JaMMaM 13, 14, IS, 16.
3aMClIJaWlc: BbUICHHfb, npmlBmICTCSI Jlli )J,8HHaH HCHC-
npaBHocTb npH 3aITHCH HilH TOnbKO npH BocnpoH3De e-
Inrn.
23. HeMcnpaBHocTb: I
HapymcHa 06rnaSl (1D16o no CTpoKaM) CHHXpOHHJ3WUI
H306p3>KeIlIDI. JanOpOT MJ06pa)KCHIDI BnpaBo, Hi-Fi 3B)'K
DOCnp0l13BojUITCH C CHJIbHblM11 I1CK8)f(CllliSlMI1.
B03MO:Hrnaa nplMlma:
EOJlbrrrnc Korrc6aHIDI CKOpOCTH BpamCHHSI EBr, q:acro-
Ta BpaxnellWl EBr npeBbnnaer HOMlfiI8JThHOC 3HaQCHHe.
CAP clllDKacr CKOpOCTb BpamCHIDI EBr ll.O HOMHH3JIbHO-
ro 3HaqCUIUI, HO HC B COCTOHHHlI YJ(ep>KaTb ee 113-38 CJllIIll-
KOM 60JThIDOrO ce HOMHH3rr8. C6HTa uacTpofiKa cpeJ(Hero
3HaqelIIDI HanpSl)f(eHl-Ul IDITaHWI (ynpaBJIelllie) ,lI;BHr8TemI
EBr (yCT8UOBKa CKOpOCTH CB06oJnlOl'O Bpaw,eHIDI EBr -
npH OTKJIIOqCHl-IOH CAP).
MCTO YCTpallelillu:
TaKo M me KaK M npH YCTp3HellliM HeHcnp8BHOCTI1 22
(ocn. 13, 14. 15, 16).
3aMe1JaWlc: lipM Hc60JThurnx Jwne6auwlx CKOpOCTH
npaI.QeHuSI EBr B03HHKaJOT reoMeTpH1IeCKlIC HCKa>KeHHSI
li306pa)f(elllUl (H3MCllSleTCH pa3Mcp li306p3)1(eHIDl, mrn:CH-
HOCTb no BepTHKaJIH Ii ropH30HT8mt), CHrHaJThI l.{BeTI-lOCTH
Ii HpKOCTH HCKa)l(aJOTCSI CHHXpOilliO C 3THMH J<one6aJ-nUlMH f
(nep CM o,rxy .:rJ.ID.{H.$I).
206
9. nO CK YCTpaHeH e He cnpaBHocTe
24. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
npH 38ID1CH H BocnpOH3BC1I:CHHH H306p8)f{CHMC CHJIbHO
p83MbITO, HlHK8H pa3pcrn8JOI.I!;8H cnoco6uoCTh.
B03MO)£llaa npll'lmla:
HapymcHHc nOJIO>KCUHH 'IaCTOTIlOrO "D;Hana30Ha l1.e-
BHaI..nm q M Mo.nyJUITOpa (noBbIll1CHIIC Q8CTOTbi 0'1' HOMlI-
HaJIhHOrO ncpXHcro 3Ha1JClllUI B PC)I(HMC 3am,ICH -
np C .LI.bICK8)1(ClrnC H nOJ-UDKCl-mC '1aCTOTbI OT HOMHHaJThIlOrO
IUDKHcro 3U81JCHlliI B PC)KHMC BocnpOH3BC,QCHUH - KOp-
PCKQlUl npCJJ:bICK8x<cllni1). HCHcnpaBHoCTL pcryilllTopa
lleTKOCTH H306pa>KClllul. 113McncHHc A QX npcJI.BapJ.lTcJIb-
Horo Bl1JJ:coycH.rnnCIDl. J13Hoc BI1)J;COrOJIOBOK.
MeTOa YCTpaHemm:
nponepHTb H, "PH Hco6xoJU-IMOC'TH, nOAPcry.rrnpOBaTh
HacTpofiKy lIM MO):Q'IDITOpa H CXCM I<OppCKlJ,HH H npeJ.(-
KOppCKl.{ill1 npCJJ;LICKa)KCm m , a T3K)KC A lIX npc,ZJ;Bapn-
TeJIbHOrO BHJ1.CoycnIDlTeIDI B COOTBCTCTBHH C CepBHCHOH
.noKYMcnraIUfCH (OCI.{. I). npOBCplITb aMrurnTyJI;Y qM CHr-
HaJIa H, npH Heo6xoJnIMOCTH I 38MCHHTb BlW.corOJIOnKH.
25. HeMcnpasHocTb:
OTcyrcTByer I.{BCTHoe H306pa)f(CHHC, no 3JqJaHy nepc-
MCIQalOTCH Y3KHC nepnIKaJThHLlC CBeTJIble nonOCbl, 'JKpaH
CIIH3Y 3aTCMHCH (noCrre,lJ;oBaTeJThHa.H CXCMa BKJOOqelUUI
BH.n:corOJIOB OK).
B03MOZllaa npllqJfJla:
B 3aBHCJ.L'\fOCTH OT CXC\fbl BKJllO'ICHIiH Br (PRC. 12) np'"
If X nOBpC)K,l(CnHH (CKOJIhI «j>eppHra H nOnpe)l():{eHwl 3ep-
KaJThIlOH pa601Jefi nOBepXHocTU) HapymaC1'C.H 6a::mHc J1..c-
MOJIJ'IDlTopa, wrro Bbl3hlBac:r pa3Jll1E1HLle HCK8)1(CHHH I-Bo6-
pa:>KelfiUl.
MCTO,l:t YCTpaJICIUI.H:
C nOMOI..QbIO 6HHoKyrurpHoro MlfKpoclwna C YBC.rIH'-IC-
III-ICM B 100 KpaT OCMOTpCTb BH):tcorOJIOBKH Ha npe,lL\lCT
CKOJIOB, pacCJlOcHHH H TpCUlHH (peppHTa H COCTORHHe Ja-
30pa, a TaK)I(e npoKoHTpOJrnponaTb <POPMY CHrUaJI08 Ha
npC;:IJ\-leT COOTBeTCTBHJJ HX oCWLTDIorpaMMaM 23-27.
207
26. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
CHJIhHaH ( 2/3 3KpaHa) 3amYMncHHocTb H306pa:>KeUlUI,
OTCYTCTBYeT qaCTb H306pa)l(eHHH cluny.
MeToJJ; )"cTpaHCHH.H:
KOHTpOllliPYSI C nOMOI.IU>1O ocu.HJmorpa( a qM IIaKeTbl
Ha BbIXO.[(C npc.l(Bapl..neJThHOrO BH.IJ;coynvllnCJUI, HhISlC-
HHTb, SIBJLSleTCH Jill npJ-I1llD-loi--i }"{8IffiOH HCI1CnpaBHocTH .[(C-
<l>eKTbl DJ..I.LLeOrOJIOROK (ocu:. 23 - 27). npH nom-10M 01'-
CYTCTDIDi nTili na.JIWJ.HH Jllilllb nonOBHllbl naKCTon
(Bocnp0l13Bororr cSI O,lI.HOH BH.[(corOJIOBKoH), npoBcpHTL
HaJrnQHC 11 ( OPMY HMnym>coB KOMMYTaI.U1H B r (ocu. 13).
npH nomlOM OTcyrCTBHH tIM naKeTOB 1-1 H8JIH1.JHH ID{-
ny.IThCOB KOMM}Tal{Hll Br c.aCJIaHTC 3anHCL Ha CBoeM B M
H BocnpOH3B0}U1Te ee Ha 1.I)')I(OM. ECJIH H306pa:>KeHHe HOp-
MaJThHOe TO HCHcnpaDHOClb MO>KCT 6hITL TOJIbKO B npcn:-
BapHTCJIbIlOM BH.!1eOYCHJnnerrc.
27. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
H8 1-1306pa>KCHHH B CpClU1CH qaCTH 3KpaHa nOMCXH 6e-
noro UBeTa C BLma.[(eHHCM CHrH8na.
B03Mo aH nplf'lHHa:
HapymeH8 IOCTHPOBK8 Br (Br .[(OJDKHhl BblCTynaTb 38
nOBepXHOCTb 6apa6aHa H8 HCCKOJThKO COTblX .[(OJICH MHJI-
IDIMCTpa). HccnpaBeH KOMnCHcaTOp BbmaJ];eIDl H .
MCTOl1 YCTpaHclum:
npH BocnpoH3Be.n;ClillH H3MeplITCJThHOH nellTbl c no-
MOlI(blO OCUHJDIOrpa$a npOBepHrL aMIlJllf'T)'.n.y H paBHO-
MepHOCTb qM naKe-foB Ha Bblxo.n:e npCJJ:B8pHTCJIhIlOrO BH-
.n;COYCHIDiTeilll. OcymecTBHTb C06CTBCIIII)'IO 3aIDICb. no-
qJiCTHTb, OThIOCTHpOBaTb Ii, npH Hc06xo.n;lL\fOCTH, '38MC-
IlliTh BH.JJ:eOrOJIOBKH. nponepHTb HcnpaBHOCTb KOMneHC8-
Topa BbmaJJ:cnMii H npOXO>K.ZI;CHHe CHI'HanOB no ero u:enSlM.
28. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Hapymella Ka.z.woBaSi CHHxpOHH3aWUI I-l306paiKeIDISI, i
HanO>KeHHe li306pa>KelrnH .rr:pyr H3 .upyra no BepTID<:aJIH.
B03MO*HaU npWlHlla:
Hapymellue IOCTHpOBKH 3:IeMCHTOB nnM. C6HTa r
YCTaHOBJ<a MOMeHTa KOMM)'Talum Br. Bcne.[(CTBHe qcro
Ka.rqwBblH CHHXPOI-llI3Hpyronu rn HMnYJThC B nUTC IDf60 r
208 .
9. nO CK YCTpaHeH e He cnpaBHocTe
I
OTCy'TCTBYcr eOneeM, IDIUO pa3pC3aercn. I1oBpe»<,neHHC
JIeHTLI (BO.illlliCTOCTL Kp3eB - MeCTO. rj(e JarrnCbIBaCTCH
K8.zxpOBbUi CHHXpOHMfI)'JIbC no;rnoro BHJ(COCIITUan8).
MCTOLl: }'CTpaHelnm:
C nOMOI.I{hIO OCUI1IDIOrpa<}Ja nponepHTh $OPMY K8JijJO-
Boro CHHXpOHMnYJl.bCa B nocnpmnBoIDIMOM Dl.{TC H no-
JIO:>KeIiHe <l>330Boro eK8qJ(8 GAP (CM. Hel1enp8nHoeTh 6).
($pOHT GAP .n:O.JDf<CH OTCTOKTb OT H8q8JI8 K8.npoBoro
eHHxpoHMnYJIhea Ha paCCTomlliC 5 - II CTpOK). DpM no-
npc:>K.IJ:cHIDlX JICHI'b1 oTpcry;rnponaTh JIDM.
I
29. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
l-h06pa:>KeHHe MC.lI)ICUHO nepCMCID.acrcH no nepTHKaJUl.
OTCYTCTBYcr CHHxpOllll3aUHSI no .Ka.npaM.
B03Moarnaa nplf1mlla:
EOJIhmOH 3a30p Me)l()JJ' BpaIn3IOIIU1MCH H CTal{l10Hap-
HbThI .D:HCKaMH EBr. Eo;n,mOH 3a30p Me>K.LJ;)' Bpam:3IOmei1cH
H HCnO.D;BI1JKHOH l.JaCTKMH Bpam31OlUerOCH Tp8Hc4JoPMa-
Topa. Pa3.1J}fqH3f1 BblCOT8 YCT8HOBKH Br H8 6apa6aHc,
Bcrrc,n:CTBHC "lJero oJij-la HJIH 06e Br HC nona.n:3lOT H3 H3qa-
JIO t.'Tp01JKH 3 arrnCH , r.ne 38rrnCbIB3CTCfI J<3lij)OBbllf CIill-
XpOHl-l3MpyrornIDi HMnyJIhC. 3amlCb H BocnpOH3Be.neHHC
Ha BM C Henp3BH1ThHoi1 YCTaHOBJ<OH Br ocym,eCTBillICTCH
6C3 HCK8:>KCI-IH.H H306pa>KeHIDI (HO HapymeH3 B3aHM038Me-
lliICMOCTb). HapymcH3 roCTHpoBK8 CIlliXpOrOJIOBKH.
MeTO YCTpallelllUl:
OTcyrCTBMC Ka.npOBoro CIDIXpOIDI3Hpyromcro H\f-
nYJIhca B I1l.{TC npHBO)U1T K OTCyrCTBillO Kalq)OBOH CHH-
xpOHH3aUHH H CTa6HJIH3aUHH H306pa>KCHIDI H8 3J<paHC
TeJICI3li30p3. OCltIDIJIorpa$OM npOBcpHTh H8.1llPlHC K3.cq>O-
Boro CIDIXpOlIMnyJIhCa B nUTC. DpM Bocnpoli3Bc.acmlH
H3McplITCJJhHOH JIeHThl OTbIOCTMpOBaTb 3830p B EBr. Bbl-
COTY YCT8HOBKH Br Ii nOJIO>KeHHe CIDIXpOrOJIOnKH.
.
I
I
30. HeMcnpasHocTb:
Ha li306pa:>KClnrn nepeMC 81OI.qHCCSl CBepXY BIll13 IIIH-
pOKHC nOlloCbl mYM8 H HCK8>KeIrnOrO 11306p8>KeHlli:l. Or-
,..
CyrCTBYeT l.{BeTlloe H300pa)l(CHHC.
8 3aK33 1211
209
B03MOifmaH npuqJrna:
tI.SIillbIH 3qJ CKT Hs6JllQJI:aeTCH npH BOCnpOH3Be.n:eHIDI
3an:HCH, C,LI,enamlOll H nCpCMOTalDiOM Ha JqJyroM EM, y
KOToporo nenpam'LThHO 011JerymlpoB8n JUIM (BblcoTa
CTOCK Ii nOlUC8TyrnCQHHKoB). B 3TOM cny'lae 113-38 n8py-
meHIUl COBMeCTIIMOCUi HCKmKaeTCH CHHxpOC leCb nUTC 11
T})eKHHl' (ocn. 24). C nOM01l1MO 113MCpHl"CJlbIIOM: :ICHTbI
oTperymlpoB8Tb COBMCCTHMOCT1J, CJI:eTIa1'b HOB)'10 1arrnCb
]-I npoBcpHrb ee KaQCCTBO lIa )-q>yroM BM.
31. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Ha UBeTIIOM ll306pa)KeIlHIi 3a ICTHbIC nepHOJ]JJ1-ICCKHC
BepTHKa!lbHJ.Ie TeMIlLIC nOJIOChI ("cTon6b1").
B03MO lIaH npU-KHHa:
BU)J.eo3anHcb 6bma ClI.eJIaHa npH HcneplIO OTPCI'YJIH-
pOBaHIIOM TOKC lanl1CH CHrHana UBCTHOCTH (CM. pa'j}J,cn
5.21).
MCTO,') )'C l'pallelIllH:
Do.uperymlpoBaTb TOK 3anHCH CHrHaJU1 UBeTlIOC1'lI HJlli
cnrH8na HpKOCTH corn8CHO lIHCTp)'KUHlI no CepBHCIIOMY
06CJlY)KlmaHillO. DpH :) rOM KOlITp01rnpon8Tb pe3YJTh1'a1' B
pCiKHMe BocnpOH3BCLI,CHHH no :JKpaH)' TerrcmBopa. Pery-
JIH})OUKY npOH3BO)].HTb JI.O Tex nop, nOKa "cTon6L1" nep
C1'allY1' 6bITb 'UtMeTlIbIMlI lIa I-l306paJKem-rn:. npOBCpHTb
McnpmmOCTL CHCTCMbl <1>Anq K8118JIa UBCTHOCTH.
32. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
Ha 1--I306pa)l(CHlIH 3a leTlI8H MCJIKaH CCTIW 1-13 ncpe-
KpCI HnaIOIJ111XCH Y3KHX TCMllblX illII-IHii (OC06CHHO 1a H:T-
H3 Ha HpKHX HBeTax).
B03MO lIaR DpIl-nlHa:
CnOH H:Ylli IYiKaH BH)J,CO 3anHCL 6bI.?I8 npOH3nCJI.en3 npH
HCBCpllO OT}JcrYJI11pOB8HHOM TOKe 38nHCH CHrn3na l. nCT-
JlOCTH (CM. pa3tI.Cn 5.21).
MCTO,') )'cl'paliclDlH:
OcymccTBHTL TC >Ke onCp31t1m, -ITO H npM HCHcnpaa-
1I0CTH 31.
3aMCQallllc: nOCJIC 1<a)l(JJ,oM: 33MCHbl 6apa6aH3 BH!I,crO-
nOBOK RIllI OJ];liOM: BH.II:eoronOBKH, 06HJaTeJIbHO Hco6x.0-
]UiM3 KOppCI<I..UUI TOKa 3anl-lCH CHrHana UBeTHOCTH H KOH-
210
I
I
9 n01-1CK 1-1 YCTpaHeH1-1e He1-1CnpaBHocTe
!
Tp01Th ypOBIUI l..{BeTOBOrO rnYMa (lla CTP0qJ-JOM CHHXPOHM-
rryJIbee on He JI.01Dl<CH npeBbnnaTb ypoBeHh 20 MB). IlyreM
1Jep e .n: o BaHHSI JamIeM 11 BocnpoM3BcJJ,eHHJI C O.InIOBpeMeHHO
ocym:ecTBlliIcMOH peryJillpOBKOH TOX3 3aImeM, KOHTpOJIeM
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na-qaJIa If 1<OHIJ;a neHTbI, l.{crrn npOXO)K,!J,eHHH 3TH.X CHrHa-
nOB C BbIXOJ(OB ,n,aTq]fl(OB K COo.TBeTCTHyroUlJfM BbmO}(3M
npoueccopa CHCTcMHoro I<OH1pOJflI. npOBepHTb HaJnltjHe
CHrHaJIOB ynpaBJlCHIDI H HanpflJKCHIDI IIHT8HID1 ,nBHraTeIDI
BB H ueI1H C 101M CBH331ffible, npOBepHTb pC:>KHMbI no. no-
CTOIDIHOMY TORY H CHI'H8JIbI ynp8BJlellli..Sl 118 BXOJ(8X H BbI-
XOJ(8X cxeMbl ynp8BJleHIDI )UJHf'8TeJIeM BB. npOBepHTb
lIanpH>KelfIDI llHT8HID1 11 KOpnyC cxeMbl ynp8BJIenilli ,roUI-
raTerreM EBe 118JIWIHe CHrH8rrOB ynp, 8BneHIDl llil1M-
CHrll8rra C BbIXOJJ:a npoueccopa CAP EBr 11 HaJiliTlliC CHr-
Harra, p83pemmorn:ero BKJIIOQeHHC JI.BHr8TeJIeH EBr H BB.
npH MCnOJTh30B8HIrn B BM JI,CTeKTo.pa CKOpOCTIi Bp8mC-
FillH 50/60 ru (P AL/NTSC) npoBcpHTb npoxo>l<)I,cHHe cm -
Halla qaCTOTOH 4.43 Mru. H8 COOTBCTCTByrolI(11i1: BblBOll.
npolJ,eccopa CAP.
I
47. HeMcnpasHocTb:
He 3arpY>K3eTCH Ii He BJ,IrpY>KaerC5I K8CCeT8.
B03Mmimas npwnma:
HeHcnp8Bell .D:BHf'8TeJIb 3arpY3KH IDnI 3anpaBIGf .rrCHTbl
(B 6oJlbUIHl-lcTBe conpeMemlblX 61.ITOBbIX. BM npMMeIDIe'I'CH
OI(l1H }])3HraTeJlb, BbmoilllSlIOIIJ;Mi:f $YHI<l.J;WH 3arpY3KH K8C-
CCTbl H 3anpaBKH rrellTJ.I B nnM. B neKOTopblX MO.I(CJIJIX
3TH 4>YUK1nrn BbmOJllUlIOTCH .l(BHr3TeJIeM BB c nOMOII!b1O
CneIU1aJThHOrO 3JIeKTpOManrnTa), B03MO>KH8 HeHcnpaB-
HOCTb cxeMbl ynpaBJJeHMH 3THMH }J;BHr8TeIDIMH. Hel1cnpa-
BeH J];aTtIHK KaCCeTbI.
MCTOJJ; YCTpaHCIUUI:
ITpOBepHTb HanpH)KCIIllil IDITaHIDI cxeMbl ynpaBnemm
(.rq>aimepa) )JJJMr8TCIDI 3arpY3KH, HaIDJqHe CHrHanOB
ynpaBrrcHIDI Ha cro BXO,lJ,8X. H Bblxon:ax, 8 T8K>lCe 1.1ellH C
HUMH CBH3aHl-lble. I1pH na.JllPlllH CMrHaJIOB H8 Bxo.nax H
OTCyrCTBHH TaKOBbIX H8 BbIxo.nax - HeHcnpaBCH JqJaii-
nep. C nOMOlIl.blO BHeurnero HCTO'll1HK8 nOCTommoro H8-
npH:>KCHIDI +9 B npoBepHTb pa6oTocnoco6HoCTb J(BHr8Te-
JUl.
218
9 nm1cK YCTpaHeH e He cnpaBHOCTe"
I
48. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
He 3anpaB.IDleTCH ManrnJ'uaH rrCIITa B nnM.
B03MO)(GJaa nplRHHa:
CM. HCHcnpaBHocTb 47. HCHcnpaBCH MCXaHJflleCKHH
.n.8TIfifK HaruPIH.H KaCCCTbI B nnM.
MeTOJl. YC1.paUCHHJI:
npOBepHTL pa60Tocnoco611oCTb .n.a T1fiIK a K3, CCCTbl
lIa>KHMaH Ha ero pbrqar P)'KOH H KOIITpOJrnpySl BOJThTMe'T-
pOM CHrllana n3 ero BbIXOn:C. npOBepHTb Qellli npOXO>K.LI.e-
HIUI 3Toro CHrH3JIa C BbIXOJJ:3 !I.aTqJ{K3 KaCCeTbl ,IJ.O COOT-
BeTCTBYIOllI.I1X BX0.ll.OB npou.eccopa C"CTeMHOro KOHTpO.iUl.
r
49. HeMcnpasHocTb:
He BKJIIO-I8erCH 1m O,lU1H 1'13 pe>KHMOB HM. KaCCeT3
MO)KeT J3rpY)l(31bCR, liD nOCJIe 3arpY3KH BM BbIKJIIOIj3CT-
CR H He pearnpyer HH Ha O.u;Hy 113 KOM8HJJ; C nyJThTa ynpaB
neHHH "JIll C nYJlbT8 I1.Y.
B03MoaaiaH np ll'Um a:
fip HqmJ , Bb13brnarollJ,HX .n.311H)'IO neHcnpaBHOCTh, .lI.O-
CT3TOIIHO MHoro Ii OInt 33BHCSIT 01' KOHKpenlOro HCnO!I-
HClllUI BM. HH>Ke nepeIIHCJIHM HaH60JIce THrUlqm,IC.
MeTOt( YCTpaHCIUlJI:
npOBepHTb HcnpaBHOCTL KBapQcnoro pC30HaTopa
nCK. npOBcpHTb Ha.:UfqJ1e CHrHana BblcoKoro YPOBl-Ui na
uxo.n.ax C6POC8 nCK H, co OTBeTCTB CI-ffiO , 113 Rhlxo.n.ax
DHClIIHci-i CXCMLI, q}QPMHpyrolI{CH Cnf'na..lbl c6poca npoQec-
copa. TaKoii )l(C 34> eKT BLI3bIBaCT lICHCnpaBHOCTh npn-
eMHJU<a JJ.Y HJIH onepaUHOIDlOro npoQeccopa (KOHTpOJICp
K!13BMaT)'pLI H ,D;HcrmCH, KKJU, T.e. B CJIY'IaHX Korlla 113
CHrHaJIhHOM Bblxo e npHCMHHK8 J{Y H COOTBeTCTB)'IOIIleM
CM)' Bxo e KK,lJ. nOCTOSlIfl-IO npHCYTCTBYCT CHf'Ha 1 Hlf3KO-
1'0 ypOBlliI. nponcpHTh H8IDPrne HMny.%COB onpOC8 K.rra
BH8TyphI BM H8 COOTBCTCTB)'IOIUHX BhlBo,aax KK,l:{ , "PH
HX OTC)'TCTBHH - HeHcnpaBen onepalUlOllHbrH npoucccop.
TIpOBepHTh HaJIWIHe. Ii Qerrn npOXO)I(}I.CHIDI CHf'Ha.1IOB o6
MeH8 ,IJ.al-lHhIMH Me)l(JJ,y KK,l( Ii ITCK (SERIAL CLC,
SERIAL OUT, SERIAL IN). ITpOBepHTb pa6oTocnoco6-
1I0CTb ,IJ.aTCIHKOB TICK Ii cxeMbl ynpaBJICIllUI .ronrraTCJIeM
3al1JY3K.H K8CCCTbI. DpM HeHcnpaBHoCTHX ,aaTIIHKOB Bpa-
I
219
IlI.ClUUI BB H EBr BM 1'aK)I(C He pcampycr Ha ](OMaH.lI:b1 C
naHeJill ynpaBneIDUI.
50. HeMcnpaBHocTb:
He 3anOMHH8101'CSI TeKYl.ltHC n3CTpOMKH TIOHepa B M
Ha :>KCrraCMbIH Te.rrCBH3HOl-lllLrn :KaHan (npH nepeKJnoqCHIDI
](aHa:rrOB IlOHepa).
B03MoxmaH npwnma:
HCHcnpaBHO 3HeprOHe3aBHCKMOe 3anOMIDIalOwce
ycrpoikTBO onepaUHOlllloro npOl eceop8.
MeTon YCTpalielDUl:
C nOMOIItbIO OC1.UUIJIorpa4la npoBepHTb HaJIl{qHe 1'al(-
TOBbIX H erry:>Ke6HbIX (eHrHaJIbl BbI60pa ycrpOHCTBa) CIIT"-
HallOB Ha BXOll.aX MHKpocxeMbl naM}ITIf, npoBcpHTb HaJIH-
Iffie HH.popM8UHomlOro CH!1-1aJI8 H em'HaJI8 3aIIHeH naH-
HbIX npH BLffiOJD-Iemrn KOMal-l,II,bI Ha 3anOMHHaHl1e 3TI1X
JI.aIDIhlx. npOBeplITb HalllAHe H COOTBCTCTBHe naenop1'-
HbIM JJ:8mIblM HanpH)I(eHHii mITaHIDI MHlCpocxeMbl naMRTH.
npH Ha.IDPnrn Becx CHrHallOB H8 Bxo..nax 3anOMHHalOIDcro
yCTpOHCTBa - HeHcnpaBH8 MHKpOCXCM8 naMRTH, B npo-
nmHOM CJIyq8e HeHcnpa8cH onepaUHOHHbrn nponeceop.
220
1 0 nO.QKIlIO'-IEH E TEIlESfA30PA K
8M no AN-KAHAJ1Y
I
B TcrreBH3HOllllblX npHeMIIHK3X JVlSI nOBbllllCHIDI nOMe-
xoycToWilIBOCTH CTpOlJIlOH pa3BepTKH HCnOJlb3YCTCH Ilcnb
3BTOM.aTIflIeCKOH nO.D:CTpOMKH qaCTOTbI Ii ct>a3bI (Anq 11
<I» reHcpaTopa CTpOqJ-lbIX HMITYJIbCOB C KOMMYTaUHCH no-
CTOHHI-IOH BpeMeHH <I>Hq YCTpOHCTBa Anq Ii <1'. 06bPiHO,
npH npMeMe TeJIC8M3HOHHbIX CHrHaJ'IOB Bbl6Hp3CTCH
6omma}! nOCTom-rnaH BpeMellll. KpOMe Toro 3TO CBH33HO C
TeM, WITO, KaK npaDJillO, TerreBH3HOID-lbIC CHrHaJILI He no.D;-
Bep)KeHbI BpeMem£LIM. qaCTOTHbIM Ii q,aJOBbIM HCKa:>KCHH-
HM C'IpOlflfbiX CHHxpOHMnYJThCOB. O,lI;UaKO, npM nOJI:K,JllO-
CHHH K TeJIeBM30py BH.n:eOMan-nrrQ(t>OHa 3m BpeMClIllhic
I1CI<a>Kelll15l, 06YCJIOBJIelUibie npO.l(OIThnOH .zxe<IJopMal{HCH
RellTbI (paCTjDKeHHC) Ii HeCTa6HJThHOCTbIO npHHO.l(OB J1nM
H .EBr, Hem3}! lie yqHThmaTb, nOCKOJIbKY Ollll 3aMc-I"HO
CKa3bIBaIOTC}! H3 KaqeCTBC BOCnpOMJBO.lU1Moro u306paIKC-
Ill15I (CM. HCHcnpaBlloCTH I 11 33). B nocne.n;neM cJIYqac
6oJThmaj{ nOCTmnrnaj{ npCMCHI1 l{eIDf Arrq H <I> SlBIDIeTCH
CJIHI1ll(OM Me.arrelllloH (HHcpl.{HO HI 10 H) ]J..IDI OTCJIe)KI{BaHH5I
H KOMTICIICal{HH 6bICTpblX BpCMeHJiJ>IX HCKa:>KeJ-IH:i1 cTpOq-
110M CHHxpocMecH BH.ZJ:eOCHrHaJIa Ii o6ecneqel-lliH YCTOHqH-
Boro H306pa>Kel-GUl H3 3Kpane TeJICBI130pa.
B conpeMclllIblx EM 11 TcrreBH30pax HMee-rcSi cnCIUI-
aJThHbrn KaHaJI - AN-KaHan (1llI3KOQaCTOTHLrH aY,lI,HOBH-
3yaJIbHbrM KaHan), npC}]JIa3l1aQeHHbIH .lJ)TII nOJJ;KJIIOQelll-m
UX K .n;pyr K .apyry. IlpH 3TOM nOCTomrnaR npCMellll Anq
H <I> B TeJIeBH30pc ncpeKJIlOqacrcH, q'fO, COOTBeTCTBCHllO,
cym.eCTBeIDIO paCllIHpRCT nOJIOcy 3aXBaTa YCTpOHCTD3
AfPI H <1>. CTapbIC Mo.nem-t TC;IeBUJOpOB He o60pYJJ.OBaHbl
AN-KaHaJIOM 11 HC HMelOT KOMMyruPYCMyro l{CITh Anq Ii
<1>. n03TOMY BpeMCHHhIe KOJIc6aI-nUI qacrOTbI H <j>a3b1
CTpOK Q3CTO H3XO,n)lTcj{ BHe nOJIOCI>I 3axnaTa ycrpO:HCTDa
221
Arrq Ii <I> Ii nplIDOWlT K HCKa:JKCHIDlM BocnpOli3BOlU-lMOrO
C BM H300P8:JKCUIUl.
I1cKa)KeHJUI 1-1306pa)KCHWI, 06YCJIOB.aem-IbIe 60JThiliOH
nOCTomnWH BpCMeHH Anq H c:t>, npmm;OOOTCH B BWI,e nc-
J<pHD.'IeHIDI BCpTllKaJThl-lblX JUll-rn:H, XaOTHqeCKOrO cMc e-
:tiWI rpyrm CTpOK no ropH30llT8Jrn, nOL{cpn-maHH.H H 3aDO-
pOTa H306pa)Ke1lMH B BepXReH 'laCTH 3Kp3H8 (CM. HCHC-
npaBllocTIi 1 Ii 33).
Y cTpaHcHHe 3THX HCKa:JKCUIDJ JI.OCTIIraeTCH rryrc f
YMelIbmcHIDI nocTom-rnoH BpCMCHH HJIhTpa HH3KHX qac-
TOT YCTpOMCTB8 Arr1J II c:t> TC!.ICBH30pa B 7 - 10 p83. EJI8-
rO;:I.apH 3TOMY cyrnecTBemw YBeJllPIHBaeTCH IIllipIDIa no-
JIOCM 3aXBaT8 H YMcHbm8eTCH m-IepQMOIIHOCTb CHCTeMbi
AntI H <7>, 'ITO n03BOIDIe'f OTCJIe>KHB8Th H KOMncHcHpo-
BaTb Bce BpcMcmIble HCK8:>KeHIDI ClffiXpoHH3Hp)llOmc H co-
cT8BIDIIomcH ITl..{TC H nOnyqHTh ycroHq}moe l-IJo6pa>ICe-
lIMe Ha 3Kp8HC TerreBH30pa.
Ha np8KTHKe 3'1'0 rOp83.Ll0 y.u06HCC, qeM npHMCHCHHe
Anq H <I> I}>HJ<CHpOB81D-10H nocTom-rnoH BpeMeIDI. 0 Ha-
.TIWilIH AN-Kan8JI8 B npH60pe (BM Will TB) B Hl-ll.'TpYK-
L(ID1 H3rOTOBHTCIDI no ero HCnOJTh30B8HHlO nplmO,lU1TCH
COOTBeTCTB)'lOll1aH llil<tJOPM aUilll.
ITOMHMO BpcMeHllLlx HCK8:JKeI-n-rl1 Ha KaqeCTBO CIll-IXpO-
Illi3alUill BocnpoH3BO.IDWblX li306pa:>KenHi1 cymeCTBcm-lOe
BJIillIHHC OKa3bmaCT ( a30Bbrn CK3QeK B CHHXpOllli3Hpyro-
mei1: COCT3BJUllOI.UCH nl{TC, B03HHK81OI..I.UIH B MOMCHTbl
KOMMYTaUI1H Br.
,[I.JI.SI OnTH:MaJThIlOH HaCTpoiiKH nOCTOHHl-lOH BpcMeHH
I.\CrIH ATI"4 H cD AN -KaHana Heo6xoJUtM cnCl..(Ham>HLIH
npH6op, IDUITHPYIOI..I::JJ-IH $a30BbIH CKaqOK. ECJllI TaKOBoro
HeT B HaJIH'lli1-I, JI.IDI HacTpoihill AN-KaH3rra HCnOJlb3}"1OT
DMJ(eoKaccCTbI co CnCWia1ThHbIM Tec rOM, BbmOJIHSIlOlI{HM
TC :>Ke <tJym<.I..I.I-fiI, lITO " HMIIT8TOp.
Heo6xo.LI:HMOCTb aJ(anT3Inlli TB K 4>a30BOMY CK8qJ(y
npo,ll;HKTOnaHa TeM, qTO B pa3JIH1llIhIX BM nonO>KeHMe
MOMeHTa KOMMyral.{IDl Bf OTpcrymlpoB3HO no pa3HOMY,
H npM npOCMOTpC HeKOTopblX lIY>KHX KaCCeT lIa H306pa-
:>Kemrn B IDI>KHCM "JIM nepXHeH qaCTH HHor.n:a B03IDfKalOT
nOMcXH, 06YCJIOBJIeHHbIC HMeIDIO pa36poCOM B YCTaHoBKe
MOMeHTa KOMMyral..(HH Bf. Tax npH 4>a30BoM CK8qJ(e.zurn-
222
1 O. nOAKI1to\.jeH e TeT1eB 30pa K B.."a.eoMarH To<poHY no AN-KaHaf1Y
TCJThHOCTblO, HanpHMep, + 16 MKC AJI YCTpaHcHH HCKa-
)KCHMH: B BepXHCH HJlli IDDKHCH ':IaCTH H306pa)KCIDUI CHCTC-
Ma AIP-I H <I> TcrrcBH30pa JI:OJDKHa KOMncHcHpoBaTh BpC-
MCHHbIC olllli6KH Ha )I.JllITCJThIlOCTh 5 CTp0K (MOMCHT KOM-
MYT8l.Ulli Br pacnO!IaracrcH nepcD: l<a.upoBbIM CHHXPOHM-
nylThCOM [L"llOC 25 Cl]>OK (ramcllHc o6paTHoro X0ll:3 pa3-
BepTKH no I3cpTHKaml».
.lI.lliI OnTI1MaJThliOH n3L"TpoHKH AN -K8Hana TCJICBH30-
pa HMHTaTOpoM <j>OpMHpycrCH .pa30BbIM CKa1:JOK TaK, ':11'0-
6bl OH pacnoJIaraJICH B IlcH'rpC H306pa>KCJUUI. TOlThKO npH
TaKOM nOJIO)l(Clum MOMCllTa KOMMyrawnl Br B03MO)l(Ila
OIlTHMH3al.{IDl nOCTomrnOH BpCMCHH An q Ii <I> H ,u;rn:.rClTh-
HOCTH HMnYJThca ramcJ-rn1I no BepTHKaJllI.
B ycrpoikTB8X CHHxpOHH3awrn COBpCMCHHbIX TenCBH-
3HOHI-IbIX npHeMHHK8X npHMCIDIIOTCH CnCIU1aJThHblC IDITC-
rpaJThHhlC CXCMhl - npOL(CCCOpbI CHHxpOHH3aI.tIDI, KOTO-
pbIMJI aBTOMaTWICCKH ocyn CCTBJDIeTCH OnTHMH3aUHH
A/V-KaH8JIa "PH nOJU<JTIOqCHilll TCJICBH30pa K BHJ(COMar-
HHTO£l>OHY.
223
11 TepMMHbl M nOHSlTMJI
BM.QeOTeXHMKM
ASO-Plus (Active Sideband Optimmn)
CncTeMa BOCCTaHOBJICHlUl BepxHeM 6o-KOBOH nOJIOCbI
.
DocnpOH3BoJ(HMoro C JIeHTbI BH.II;eOCHrH3JI3. BoccTaHo-
BJIeHHe OC)'I.QeCTBIDIeTCH nyTey pereHcp3 BH,l{eOCHr-
nana, q"fO cyrnCCTBeliliO pacurnpgeT nOJIocy lIaCTOT CHr-
Hana HpKOCTI1 (puc. 29). B pC3YJThTaTC npHMeHelD-UI .zx3H-
HOM CI1CTeMM D B M nOBbllIl3eTCH pa3pemaIOm.aSl cno-
C06HOCTh H306p3)1(eJrng, y aCTcH pe3J<ocTb H KaIJC-
CTBO npopHcoBKM Me.JIKHX .ll:CT8rrci-i, a T3K)I(e nOBLlmaeTC
OTHOIIIeHHC cHrHanlIII)'M.
..0
4
10
o
Do
>-
1
VHS
3
2
o
1
2
3
4 '-IaCToTa. Mra.4
""HC. 29 AMMHTYAHO-"laCTOTHaR xapaKTepHCTHKa BocnpoH3BoAHMoro
BHAeOCLllrHana.
A fTS-System (Auto-Tape-Time-Select)
CHcTeMa 3BTOMaTIPIeCl\Oro onpc,nerrclDUI npo.u.o.Jl)J(H-
Te.iThHOCTH 3amIC" (CqeTtIHK peaJIbHOrO BpeMeIDI) H 06'1.-
eMa BH,l{eOKaCCeTbI. 3Ta HHcpOpM81..11U1 oTo6pa)l(3eTCSI H8
,lIHCWIee BM.
AV
Kn-aBmna H8 naHeJrn ynpaBJIeIDISI TcneBH30pa HJIH BM,
224
11. TepMI<tHbl I<t nOH TI<t Bl<tt'leOTeXHl<t1M
npc.n::H83HaqClUlaH ,[L..'TII ynpaBJICHlliI KOMM)lTaTop8MH
BXO,aOB npH nO)U<JIIoqCHJ'1H K HJ-I:-"{ BHelllHHX HCT01fiillKOB
ClrrHa 'IOB no AN-KaH8JI)' (CM. LIany 10).
Bctamax
DLITOBOH KaCCCTH1>n1 BM, p8Jpa6oT8HHbIH 4>Hp\-fOH
Sony, C U-06pa3llOM 3anpanKoH .rrCHTbI. KaCCeT8 JJ:8llliO-
ro <l>opM8Ta CO.n:ep)l(HT JI;RC K8T)'llIKH, pacnOJIO>KClD-ibIC
n8paJJJICJThHO .Dp)T .apyry O.D:Ha HaJJ: n:pyrOH.
Dihedral
.
HCK8>KeIDIC H306p8>KCHH.H, B031-1HK81OIItee Bc.rre,n,CTBHe
HC'rOIfl-lOH IOCTHpOBI<H Br no BLICOTC H yr.rry p83BOpOTOB
3830pOB (BH)..I,COI'01IOBKa crrCJJ:)'CT He no QeuTpY CBoeM )(0-
pmKKM, CM. CTp. 97).
.
DNS (Dynamic Noise Suppression)
J],IrnaMWICCKag CHCTCMa nO}laBJICHIDI IlI)'MOB B KaHanc
3B)'KOBoro COnpOBO>l<,IT,CHlUI, B031fH](alOII(HX H3-38 mn-
KOM CKOPOCTII ,lIDH>KeHWI nCHTbl.
DTF (Dynamic- Track-FoUofting)
3neKTpOlllIaH CHCTCM8 CJIe)l(CI-ilUI 38 CTpOtIKOM 3arrnCH
('rpCKHHr) K8K npH BOcnpOH3Be.n:eIDlH, Tal< H np" 38mICH
(Vidco 2000, eM. n.n. 2.5).
DUB - Dubbing
$YHKI.{IDI B M, n03BOJUII<H.n8H ocyrnccTBlliITb nepC38rrnCb
C O)U-foro BM H3 .u:pyroH H8npSIM)10, MHHYH Bee K3CK8JJ;b1
npco6p830B8HID1. T.e. lIM CIIT1I8JI HpKOCTH H npeo6pa-
30B81nn.rn CHrH8JJ J..'{BCTHOCTIf, 38rrnC8lllibIC 118 nCHTY,
nepcrnlCbmaIOTCH .npyntM BM 6e3 npC06p830naHIDI HX 8
HCXO.L(l-lbrM fII-1TC. ,L{alll:laSi clJym<Ln-u1 o6eCnCq}ffi8eT
O"IJCHh BblCOKoe KaqecrBo ntp8)1(MpOBaillui 38rrnccH.
Eject
BLI6poc J<aCCCTbl.
225
Helical-Scan
MeTo,.'1, naKnOHHO-C'TpO"lJlIOH :JanHCH, OC}1.J1.eCTBJ.l5IC\1LrJi
.lI.BYMH BpaU.lalOIl{:IDUICH nHJ(COrOJIOBKaMH C OXBaTOM
nCHTOH 6apa6aHa BH.lI.COrO:IOBOK OKO!IO 180 0 .
Hi-Fi
MeTO / l npco6pa30B8IDU1 3By:KOBbiX CHnIaJIOB nYTcM 11M
MOlI.)'IDU.Urn O,[I:IIOH HID-I J1.BYX nCCYlI.J.HX qaCrOT C nOCJJC-
.nYlOweii HX 3arrnChlO Ha M3rHH"TI1)10 neH!"Y ..1:BYMH npa-
U{310WHMHCH ro.rrOBK3MH (CM. pHC. 17a - B, 18a).
High-8-mm- Video
YJI)'qrJIelmLIH CT8HJJapT 3anHCH BH)I.COCMrna.aOB lIa Mar-
HHTIf)'IO JICHTY umpHHoH 8 M .
HQ
BblCOKOKa 'ICCTBCHlI8g BHlJ:CO. 3nHCb.
LVR
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na Bbl3bmaIOT nOHBJICI-rne nOJIOC na 1i306pa)l(eHHH.
OTilOmelme Cln'JlaJIlm)'M (SignallNoisc (SIN»
3TOT napaMeTp xapaKTepM3Ycr Ka1:J:eCTBO KaHaJIOB 'Jami-
CM - Docnpm.13Be.n:emm CHrHanOB H306pa>KeHIUI H 3B)'Ka.
3HaQCHHC OTHOllleHIDI CHl'H3JIfrnYM Bw:r,COCHrHana .n:OJDK-
HO UblTb He MCHee 40 LJ:E.
TIepeKpMTHC
B03HHKaeT npH KOMMYTal.{HH Bl1J(eOrOJIOBOK, Kor.na Ha-
KJIa)J,blBaIOTCSI CHrHaJThI, CtJH1.bmaeMble 06CH..'U1 Br OJ!.-
HOBpeMcIllio (BCJIC.u.CTBHC Toro, 'lIO oxeaT lIeliTOH 6Br
ne}.umro npcBbnuae-r 180 0 ). llepeKI)l)IfHe COCTaBIDIeT 3
7 C1l'0K (OCll- 23, 27, 30). KpaSi nepcKpbITHH [(OJI>KHbI
!1aCnOJIaraTbCSI 1.'01.1110 .upyr HaL( .n:pyrOM. B npOTHBHOM
c.JYl.J.ae Ha 1-I306pa >Kem.rn: B031lHK3lOT nOMeXM B Bl1J(e <l>a-
30DLJX CKa IJKOB H I.nyMOBbIX nOJIOc.
nepeMOJ1:Y JUIltlm
Bo..HlHKaeT, eCJlli na DXO,[( "llM MOJJ;yIDITopa nOCTynaCT
CllliI1TI<OM BblCOKl1H ypoBeHh BM]leOCHHI3JIa. npH 3TOM
Jla H:w6pa)l(elIMH na qepno-6e!ILlx nepena.n:ax nOSIBIDUOT-
CSI nOJIOCLI H II DIl I)r1JKHII (n.n. 5.17, 5.19, 5.20).
npOXOJUlaH rexHJ1K3. (cxeMa)
B BbncmoqeIDlOM, 110 BJU"TIOlIemIOM B CeTb B M CHrHa 11 c
allTellllhI qepe3 aHTeHHbIH BXO.Q pq npeo6p330BaTellil.
allTelUIbm YCHillITeJTh H KOMMyraTop BXO}:(OB nocTynaer
Ha pa.n;HOqaCTOTlThrH BI>IXO}:( (CKB03HOH KaHan).
234
11 T epMHHbI H nOHRUIS'! BHl\eoTeXHHI<H
no-
tLl-
IITC (BAS)
nOJD-Lbrn TeJICBH3HOHHhrn CHrHaJI (CHrHaJI SlpKOCTI1 11
CllrHaUbl CHHxpomUalJ,HH Ii rarncJ-llij{).
l(C-
JCH
Ia-
IIQTC (FBAS)
CM. nTC (BAS). nOJllihrH I.I;BCTOBOi--i TcnCBli3HOHHbllI
CI'U HaJl (nTC C CI1THaJIOM I.I;BeTHOCTH).
H-
:a.
-
P33pemalOluaH cnoco6nocTh
XapaKTcpH3YCT KaIICCTBO ncpe,AaqH MCJIKHX .lI.CTaJIeH:
113 o 6 pa:>KCHllSI. 3aBHcHT OT K3QeCTBa "MarHHnIOH JIeHTLI
H Br, OT llIHpl1Hh1 nO..'IOCbl 1:l3CTOT K3Ha:Ia 51pKOCTH. Pa3-
pcmalOUJ,aH cnoco6HoCTb xapaKTqnl3YCTC5I KOJIH1:lCCTBOM
JIHH:I1iI (1 MrL( COOTBeTCrnycr npHMcpno 80 mnnUlM, 240
.JD-fI-IliH COOTBCTCTBYeT IIaCTOTe BJ-I.LI:COCHrHaJIa 3 Mru).
:1-
:{-
r
PerYJIHTOp -JeTKOCTH (Crispening)
YCTpOHCTBO, (peryrunop ynpannelUl51 KOTOpblM ULIllC;l,Cn
Ha naHCJIb ynpaBnemm B M) npelJ.Ha3Ha QemlOe Jj,JlSI
3ncKTpOHHOH o6pa6oTKH BH.IJ:eOCl1.rIiana C QeJIhIO 001111-
:>i<eIDIJI ypOBIiJI III)'Ma H yne.JllflICHHJI KpyrH3HLI 4>pOIlTOB
CIUl-Iana.
>1
PCiKHM E-E
[
I
PC)i(lIM, npH KOTOpOM pa6oTalOT BCC 6J10KH BM BDJIOTb
.no npC,lJ,UapHTCJIbI-IOI"O BH.lI.COYCWIHTCJDI. 3TOT pC:>KHM
ne06XO..:J.l11\.f JI;lSI KOl-npOJUI 3allHCblBaCMblX CHI""Ha..'IOB
H306paJICCIIHSI H 3BYKODOI'O conponO)K)J,eHJ-UI.
CIUIXpOlJ.OpmKKa
YnpanmnOIlI.all ,Aopo>KKa - MarHHl"H851 JI,opo>KKa BJ.{OlTh
neHTbI JtJUl 3armCH CIDIXpOHMny:u.coB H306pa)f(cuJu.I:
ynpaBIDIeT TO'iHLThI nOnO)f(eHHeM HJill cepBOnplIDO,D.OM
nCHTbl.
CHCTeMa eKClIoro nOHCKa (VISS - VHS Index
Search System)
npH H8Jlli B BM ,A8HHOH CHCTeMbl npH 3amiCH Haqa-
235
no ]{3>KJ(OH BH;J;Co<l>oHorpaMMhl aBTOM3Tl-flICCKH M3pKH-
PYCTCH CnCl.{H3JThHbIM KO,QOM. KpOMC Toro, no :>KCJI3HHlO,
no KOMaHJl:C C nyJThTa yrrpaBJICHlliI BM npH BocnpOl13DC-
.n:elIlill MO:>KHO OTMC111Th mo6oH cpp3rMeHT M.JIH K3JJp
H306p3:>KeI-fiUI. 33TeM, npH Heo6xo,WiMocTII, BM C3M aB-
TOM3TWlCCKH ocymCCTBIDIeT nOHCK lIa K3CCcrC BLI-
6pamIOro c II)"JThTa )'npaBlICI-lIDf Ha'ia;j3 tl>p3rMCIIT3 BH-
lICO( OHOrp3MMbI H nepcxoL(HT B peiKH...'\..I BocnpOH3Bc.n:e-
HHH.
COBMeCTIIMOCTh (B3aIlM03aMCHJlCJ\IOCTL)
CDO H CTBO cpopMaTa 33rrnCH H BM. n03BOJUUOllJ,ee 06MC-
HHB3TLCH BH.IJ:eocpOHorp3MM3Mlf B rrpe.n:CJIaX .n:.3HHoro
tf>OPM3T3.
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H306p3>KCHIDI.
CTpOKa
COCT3BH3H I13CTb TeJIeBH3HOlllioro Ka.n:pa. O.n;HH TeJ1eBH-
3HOl-lllhu1 Ka.n:p COCTOHT H3 l{BYX nOllYK3 OD, K3>K.lt1>rn
no 312 1/2 C1])oKH, - Bcero 625 CTpOK: K3)1(J13R: CTpOK3
CO.n:cpJKHT npHMepHo 800 3JICMCHTOB (TOqCK) H306pa:>Ke-
HIDI (B COOTBeTCTBHH C EBponcHcKHM CTaH.ZI:3pTOM
CCIP).
TeJleTeKcT
CHcTeM3 TeJIeTeKCT3 n03BOIDIeT 3pHTemO DO BpeMH TeJIe-
BH3HOI-1I-1O" nepeJ{3tJH no.rrytIaTL ..l{OnOmmTeJILHYIO IDI-
<l>OpM3IUflO (H8npHMep. HOBOCTIl, nporn03 norO.l(bJ. 1<0-
THpOBKH BamOT H T.n.). nplllillM3CM)'IO H3 3Kp3HC Terre-
BH30p3 J(onOJIHHTCJlbHO K OCHOBHOH rrpOrp3MMC. Bncp-
BblC 6blJIa pcaIDI30B3Ha B 1976 r.
J
I
.
.
I
.
.
TOK 3alUlCU CllrllaJIa QBeTHOCTH
Ba:>KHLrn n3paMeTp. npH OnTHM3.JIbHOM TOKC B03MO>KH3
'3arrnCI> 1fifCTOrO H cB06o.lI:lmro OT l(BeTODOro myM8
H306pa:>KCI-illH (CM. HCHcnpaBHot.7H 31, 32).
1
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)
236
11 T epMHHbl H nOHflTHS! B eoTexHHKVI
I,
TpeKIDIr
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OTKrrOHC nl coronoBoK 01' CBOHX CTpOqCK 3anMCH
npH BocnpoH3De,Z(CIDlli qy)KJ.-IX BI1..U.Co<!JOH0I.1>aMM. npH
3amlCH TpeKHHr OTKJII{)QCH H onpe.aCJUleTCR naCTpOHKOH:
BM. BM C CHCTeMOH DTF IIC HMeeT perymITopa TpCKHH-
ra.
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TIoHep
BblCOKOQaCTOTHLrn 6noK BM, npCJ(Ha3UaQeHHhIH JLl.H
npHcMa TerreBH3HOlll-lLIX nporp3MM C nocrreJJYIOrneH I1X
3arrnCbIO Ha MarHHTH)'IO nCHTY.
Y CTpOHCTBO BpeMemloro yruIOTHemm
Pe>KHMhI YCKopeIlllOro npoCMoTpa (B 3...12 p33) DH.ZJ:eO-
oHorpaMM.
(!)a.JOBLW CKaqOK
B03IDJK3er n MOMCHTJ.,I KOMMYT31urn BJ.-I.LJ:eorOJIOBOK. npl1
HcnpanH.JIbHOH HaCTpOHKc BI1.lU1M B IDnKHCH: 1JaCTI1 H306-
pa)l(em.ul (MOMCHT KOMMyraqml pacnOlIO:>KeH nepe.u: Ka));-
pOBLIM CHHXpOHMnyJIbCOM), (CM. pa3JJ;cn "no.zu<moqel-rne
TcrreBH30pa ]( B M no A/V -KaHany").
Cl>opMaT 3alIHCH
YnOpR.II:01JeIllIOe pacnOJIO)l(eHHC H3 nOBcpXHOCTH neHTbl
CTpOqCK H ,nopmKcK, naMaf1-ilIqCHHbIX no)]; .neikTBl1eM
pa311oo6pa3Hhlx CIU'HarrOB (3}(CCb - BMeoCIDlianOB H
CIIT'HarrOB 3B)'1<oBoro cOnpOBO>KJJ;eHIDl). OIDIcaHHc op-
MaTa Hero napaMeTpOB (CM. cTp. 97 - 100) .Q3eT O,WIO-
JHa-crn:oe )'Ka33HHc, KaI<HM 06paJOM npOH3BO;1;HTCR 33-
IDICb H BocnpOH3Bc.u:eHHe BHJXCOIDnpOpM3QIDI H cm-HarrOB
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MannITUYro JICHTy. DpH HCnOCpe.l1.CTBeffiIOH 38rrnCH BH
JI.eOCHnIaJIa (CHI'H3n3 JlpKOCTHOH COCTaBIDlIOlIteH) H3
237
MarHHTH)'IO rreHT)' ypOBlnt HH3KOQaCTOTHbIX M BblCOKO
qaCTOTHhIX cocraB.IJIDOII!HX 3TOrO CMrHarr8 npM BOCnpO-
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HbIX CocTaBruIIOI.D:HX nO"IJTH HS 100 JIJJ. npu TaKoH 3aIm-
e" HHK3KaH qaCTOTHaH Koppe XOpOUIHX pe3YnbTa-
TOB .u;8Tb He CMO:>KeT. n03TOMY B 6bITOBblX BM,.l:.J;eOManm-
TO OHax CHrHaJI ,HpKOCTH Bl>IJJ;ellileTCH 113 nOmIOI'O BU-
JI,eOCHrHana Ii c nOMom;hlO qaCTOTHOH MO.n;yIDll.U1H npe-
06pa3YeTCH B q M CIIf'H8JI SlpKOCTH C qaCTOTOH OT 4 Jl.O 5
MrQ_
fl)CTHpoBKaBnaeoronOBOK
Heo6xo]U-lM8 lI.lliI nony eHlul onTHMaJIbHOrO KOHTaKT8
Me)K)];y 3830paMH Br H MarffiITIlOH. nCHTOH. Br J];OJDKHbI
BbICT)'Tl8Tb H8 HeCKOnbKO .aone" MHJIJIHMCTp8 38 KpaH
6apa6a 8. npu HeT01JHOH IOCTHpOBKe nOBbnnae-rCH H3-
Hoe BM.ZJ;COnCHTbI Ii eymCCTBelffiO CTHpalOTCH B coro-
nOBKH.
238
KO
0-
T-
H-
a-
1-1-
H-
e-
5
Cnff1COK A66PEBL4ATYP,
COKPALUEH VI ff1 TEPMff1HOB,
HCnOJlb3YEMbiX B CEPBff1CHOIf1
I1ff1TEPATYPE no B .QEOTEXHli1KE
A
a
90° Shift
A (audio)
A&M (assembly and
maintenance)
A. RIP Head
NC Head
AID (analog/digital)
bf
.11
J-
)-
AJS (antistatic)
ABL (Automatic
Brightness Limiter-
Automatic)
Absorption circuit
AC (alternating cur-
rent)
ACIN
ACe (Automatic-color-
control)
ACK
ACS (automatic control
system)
ACT (auto color
tracking)
ACT (automatic code
timer )
AD (audio dubbing)
Adaptation, mdtching
ADC (AID converter)
<l>a'30Bpa aTCJIb Ha 90°
'3BytC,'3BytCOBOH
c60pKa H TeXHW-leCKOe 06CJIY}KHBa
HHe
YUHI3CpCaJIhH8S1 3B}'KOBaSi ronOBK8
CHHXpO-3B)'KOBa51 r0J10BKa
amuIOro-u.mppOBOii
(npco6pa30naTCJIb)
aHTHCTaTH'-JCCKHH
cHcreMa aBTOMaTH'ICCKOrO OI'PaHH-
1.IellHSI SlpKOCTH H306pa»::cHHSI
nOrJIoll{aK)LltaJl u.cnb, (KOHTYP)
nepeMcHllblH TOK
BXO ncpcMeHHOI'o lIanp.mKt:JlH5I
aDTOMaTHI.JCCKaSl cm.."TCMa, CTa6wm-
3Hp)'IOll{aSi yponclU, BcnblllleK nO;: lIe-
C)'ll{CH L(BCTHOCTH
aBTOMaTH'ICCKOe nO,lJ.aBlICHHC CHrHa-
nOB I..:IBCTHOL1H
cHcrcMa an roMaTH'ICCKOrO ynpaBJ1e-
HHSI
aBTOMaTH'ICCKoe CJIC}KCHHC 3a uac-
o TOM (B TB HEM)
CHCTeMa nporpaMMHpoB8HHJJ pa6o
TbJ BM c nOMolltblO lllTpHxoBoro
Ko.n.a
neproanHcb 3B}'Ka
IOcrHpoBKa(a anTaI..:lHSI)
aHaJIOrO- H<PPOBOH npC06pa30Ba-
TCJ1b
239
ADD Aonom-ISl.eMOe 1
ADJ. (adjust) naCTpoHKa, perymlpoBKa (
Adjacent channel inter- nOMexa (Bo3MylltalOlltCe E03!1eH
ference CTBIIC) 1
Adjust nO CTpoHKa.pcrynHpoBKa I
Advanced pacnpot."TpaHeHHc (cHrI-JaJIa)
AE (audio crase) cTHpaHHe oHorpaMMb( 1
I
AE (auto eject) aDTOMaTM\!CCKHH Bbl6poe KaCCeTbJ no 1
OKOHlIaHHH BocnpOH3Bc.o.eHHSI. 3anlicH 1.
AE-Head '3B}l<OBa51 CTHpaJOlltaSi r0110BKa 1
Aeri al aHTelllla
Acrial input 1.
rHC'3.n;o :I,JISI. nOj]J(.1110I.JCHHSI aHTeHHbl
H11M .D.pyroro BM no BbICOKO\!aCTOT- .J.
(
HOMY KaHaJIY J
AF (audio frequency) 3B)'l<OBaSi l.faCTOTa
AF recording currcnt .
TOK 3anHCH 3BYKOBbiX CHrHaJlOB
AF -section 6110K 06pa6oTKH CMrHa.HOD 3B)'KOBO-
.
ro conpoBo)K)],CHHSI
AFC (automatic frc- CHCTeMa 8BTOnO.D.CTpOHKH lJaCTOTbl .
quency control) (AD1.J)
AFT (automatic fine
TO\!HaSi aBTOMaTHtJecKaSi. HacrpoHKa
tuning)
AGC (Automatic Gain aBTOMaTHl.JeCKaSi perY11HpoBKa ycn-
Control) JICHHSI (APY)
Air 3(lmp (0 pa.QHo- HJIH TeJlenepen.a\!e)
AL Bcer.a;a
AL (After loading) COCTOSlHHe 11 n M nOCJIe 3anpaBKIJ
JIeHTbJ
ALC (automatic level aBTOMaTH'leCKa.sl perymlpoBKa ypOB-
control) IHI (cHrl-larIa)
Alignment sequence nOCJIe.l{OBaTCJILJlOCTb IOCTHpOBKH
ALU (arithmetic logic apHC!:IMCTHKO-110rH":lCCKOe ycrpofi-
unit) CTBO (AJIY)
AM (amplitude modu- aMnJIHTYAHaSi MOAY.1J5lltlUI
lation)
AMP (amplifier) YCH:IHTeJIb
Amplitudc control perynHpoBK8 8Mnm1Ty.nbl
Amplilude separator
aMnmny.wlbJH ceneKTOp
ANL/Autom. noise CHCTCM8 aDTOM8THI.JeCKOrO wYMono.
limiter .rxaBl1CHHSI
ANT aHTeHHa
Antenna 8HTCHHa
APC/Autom. Phase- CHCTCM8 aBTOnOlICTpoHKH a3b1
Control (An )
Aperture CXeM8 KoppeKUHH
240
CnHCOK a66peBHaryp. COKPaL4eHI.1H H TepMHHOEi
APO (auto power
on/play (on/auto play»
APS (Automatic-
Program-Search)
AQL (acceptable qual-
ity level)
AR (address register)
ASO-Plus (Active Side-
band Optimum)
ASS'Y . Asscmbly
ATE (automatic test
equipment)
ATS (automatic test
systcm)
Attenuator
Audio and Servo
Audio Block Diagram
Audio Circuit Board
Audio IN
Audio out
Audio Rec./PB Head
Auto
Automatic switchover
Automatic tuning cir-
cuit
AUX
A \VB automatic white
balance
B
B.B.D.
B/W (black and white)
BfW Mode
BAL (balance)
Balance ADJ
Balanced Modulator
Band-pass-filter
Bandwidth
BATT (battery)
BBB (basic building
block)
9 3aKa3 1211
aBTOMaTlJ1iCCKOe BKJllOI.JeHHe nHTa-
"H5I npH BKmOI.Jemm pe>KHMa BOC-
npoH3BcACHHSI
CHCTeMa aBTOMaTH'LJeCKOrO npo-
rpaMMHoro nOUCK8
AonYCTHMbIH ypoBeHb KaI.JCCTD8
perHCTp a)q)eca
CHCTCM8 BOCCTaHOBJIeHHSI BepXHCH
60KOBOH nOJIOCbI BH,D;eOL'HrHana
6noK,Y3Cfl,c6opKa,MoHTa*
aBTOMaTH'iCCK8S1 HcnLITaTenbHaSi an-
napaTypa
8I3TOMaTH3HpOBaHHaSi YCTaHOI3Ka AJUI
HcnbITaHHH
aTTeHlOaTop
CHHXpo3ByKonaSi nn8Ta (6noK)
CTJ>yKTYPH8Sl cxeM8 KaHaJIa o6pa-
GOTKH CHrH81IOB 3ByKoBoro conpo-
BO)l(,lleHHSI
:myKoBaSi nnaTa (GnoK)
BXOJ{ 3ByK0Boro CHrH81Ia
BLIKO]]; 3ByKoBoro CHrHaJIa
YUHBepCaJIbH8SI 3ByK0BaSi rOJIOBKa
8BTOMaTH'ICCKHH
aBTOMaTHKa nCpCKmO'LJemUI
cxeMa aBTOMaTHI.JeCKOH HaCTpoiiKH
TIOHepa
BcnoMoraTenbHbIH
allTOM aTH'LJeCKHU 6anaHc 6eJIoro
3Y (3anoMHHalOll1ee YCTJ>0HCTBO)
'IepHo-6eJIbIH
'IepHo-6enbIU pe>KHM
6anaHC
pcrymrpoBK8 6anaHca (CHMMeTpHH)
npe06p830BaTe1lb ('LJ8CroTbl)
nOJIOCOBOH 4>HJIbTp
IlIMpHlia nonOCbl
6aTapeSi
Ga30BLIH KOHCTpyKTHBHblH 6110K
241
BD (burst deemphasis)
BE (burst emphasis)
Beam- V oltagc
BELL
BF (buffer)
BF (burst frequency)
BFO (beat-frequency
oscillator)
BFP (burst flag pulse)
BGC (burst gate cir-
cuit)
BGP (burst gate pulse)
Bias
Bias AD]
Bias OSC
Black level
BLANK (blanking)
BLK (black)
Blocking oscillator
BLU (blue)
BPF (band-pass filter)
Brake
Brake levcr
BSP (bandstop filter)
Burst
Burstflag
c
C (chrominance l
chrome)
C- ERR
C.AFC (capstan auto-
matic frequency con-
trol)
242
BcnhlWKa JIHKBH)];aI-1HH npe,ru,lcKa}l(e-
HHH
BcnblWKa npC)];bICKa>KeHHH:
HanpSl>KeHHe ynpaBJleHl-tSl JlYI.JOM
TepMHII HCnOJIb3YeTC}t JJ.1llI 0603Haqe-
HHSl 4JHJIbTpOB c KOnOKOJJoo6p8.3HOH:
xapaKTepUCTHKoH (K.i1eW- H aIlTH-
KJIellJ- HJIbTpbl)
6y4Jep
'iaeTOTtiaSl Dcnb1UIK8, a66peBHaTypa
TaK)KC HCllOJIb3yercSl JJ)UI 0603H81.Je-
HHJI CHfHan8 QBeTOBOH BCllblUIKH
feTepO)];HH
HMnynbc BCnbIWKH
cxeMa C'lp06HpoBaHHjI CHfHana QBe-
TOBoH BcnbIWKH
CTp06-HMnYJIbC BcnblllIKH
Hanpjl)l(eHHe CMellteHHjI, CMellteHHe,
nO.u,ManurQHBaHHC
peryJIHpOBKanO)];MarHH'lHBaHHSI
(cMCllJ,eHHSI)
reHcpaTop no.w.tarHHI.JHBaHH5I
ypoBeHb QepHoro
6JJaHKHpOBaHHe, BblKJI}()QeHHe, ra-
meUHC
l.JepHbIH:
6JIOKHHr-reHepaTop
CHHHH
1l0JIOCOBOH mJ1bTp
TOpM03
TOpM03HOH pbI"I8f
3arpa)I(,AalO1.1.1HH mnbTP
BcnbllliKa
HMnYJIbC BcnbILUKH
COCTaBrunow.a51 QBCTHOCTH nu.TC
norpCUIHOCTb BO Bpa1.1.1CHUH BC.nyI.11C-
ro Bana
CHCTCMa aBTOMaTHlleCKoro peryn"-
pOBaHHSll.JaCTOTbl Bpall.lCHHJI BeJ Y-
w.ero BMB
e-
C .APC (capstan auto-
matic phase control)
e-
ij
C.FG (capstan fre-
quency generator)
(CAP FG)
C.PAUSE (camera
pause)
C.SYNS (composite
synchronization)
Cable
CAI (color acceptance
improvement)
Calibration
CAM SW
L
CAP
CAP (capstan)
Cap. D.C. Motor
Capacitance
Capstan Free RW1
(CFR)
CAR. SHIFT (carrier
shift )
CARR (carrier)
CARR. BAL (carrier
balancer)
Carrier
Carrier Bal.
Carrier frequency
Carrier leak.
CASS (cassette)
CATV (community an
tenna television)
CCD (charge-coupled
device)
CF (ceramic filter)
Ch I FOADJ
CH (channel)
CnMCOK at'5t'5peBHaTYP, COKPaw.eHMM H TepMHHOB
CHCTeMa 8BTOMaTH ecKoro perynH-
pOB8HHR 4J83b1 BpauteHHR Bel{yutero
Bana
.naTIfHK (cHrHalI .o.8T'IHK8) ':IaCTOThI
BpauteHHSI Be.n;yutero Balla
ynpaBJ1eHHe naY30H npH 3anHCH C
BH,lJ.eOK8MepbJ
CHrHalI CHHxpOHlf3aUHH
Ka6enb
cxeM8 yny'uueHIUI UBeTOrrepe)18'1H
K8JIlf6poBK8 (IOCTHpOBKa)
nporpaMMHblH nepeKJDO'IaTenb
(nepeKm01.f8TeJ1b pe>KHMOB nn M)
BC.u,yI..QHH BM
3J1eKTpO,!J,BHraTe.J1b Ben;yl.ltero BMa
(3BB)
.wmraTeJIb nOCTOSlHHoro TOKa Be,IJ.y-
l..Qero BMa
KOH,neHC8TOp
cBo6o,llHoe BpauteHHe Be):(yl1.(ero Ba-
na (npH OTJCJIlO eHHOH CAP BB)
C,!J,BHr Hec)'l.lteH, a66peBHaTypa HC-
nonb3yercSi JJ,.1UI o603Ha e1lHSI cxeMLI
KoppeKUHH a3L1 qM Mo.nymrropa
KaHMa anHCH CHrHana SlpKOCTH
Hecy1l.taJI Q8CTOT8
ycrpOHCTBO 6anaHCHpOBKH OCHOBHO-
ro npeo6p830BaTeIDI "aerOTbJ KaHa-
na o6pa60TKH CHrHaJ10B UBerHOCfH
HCCyut8J1 (Q8CTOTa)
CHMMeTpHR HccymeA
Hecyuta.R aCTOTa
Heno):(aBJIeHHaH (OCTaTOQHaB) Reey-
U(aSl1.f8CTOT8
KaCceT8
K86eJ1LHoe TeneBH.LteHue
npH60p c 38pJUl,OBOH CBSl3blO (n3C)
.KepaMH ecKHH «pHRbTp
corn8COB8HHe pe:JOH8HCa I kaHMa
,
K8HIJI
243
Chi Q ADJ
Change
Change-over-switch
Channel
Channel selector
CHAR
Characteristic
Characteristics
Charge
Choke
Chopper
Circuit
Circuit diagram
CLAMP
CLIP (clipper)
CLK (clock)
Clutch
coil
COL (color)
Col.
Color bars
Color out
Color Rec. Bal.
comb
Command
COMP (comparator)
COMPo SYNS (compo-
site synchronization)
Comparison Pulse Sig-
nal
Composite Signal
Compressing spring
CONN (conncctor)
Connector
Control
Control unit
CONY (converter)
Counter
CPU (Ccntral-
Processing Unit)
Crispener
244
cornacoBaHHC (KoppeKQHH) K81.ICCTBa
I KaHana
npeo6pa30B8uHc,H3MeHeHHe
nepeKJOO1.IeHHC
KaHan
ceJICKTOp KaHaJIOB
xapaKTepHCTHKa
napSMeTp,xap8KTepHCTHKa
napaMeTpbl, Xap8.KTepHCTHKH
3apSJ.LJ;, Harp}'3K8 (::UIeKTpH1.JeCKa.R:)
.n;pOCCeJIb
npcpblBaTeJlb. BH6ponpeo6pa:JOBa-
Te1lb
CXCMa
npHHL1HnH8JlhHasI cxeMa
cxeMa <l>mcC8QHH ypOBIUI, BOCCTa-
....
HOBnCHHH nOCTOstHHoH COCTaBJISDO-
eH
orpaHH'IHTeJlb
TaKTOBblH CHrUaJI
cQennCHHe, cBmb Me y KOHTypaMH
KaTYWK8 HH,l(yxTHBHOCTH, 06MOTK8
L1BeT
QBCT, QBeTHOCTb
QBCTHbIe nonOCbl
BbIXO.n; CHrH8JJa LtBeTHOCTH
CHMMeTpHH 3anHcblBaet.wro QBCTO-
Boro CHrHaJIa
rpe6en'laTWI CTpYXTypa (q,lUIbTp)
CHrHan ynpaBJleHHH, KOMaH 8
KOMnapaTOp
CHHXpOHl-i3HpYIDlltaH COCTaBJImOl.I.\aH
BH.lI.eoCHrHaJIa
curHan, m3JU11Oll.tHHCH pe3YJlbTaTOM
cpaBHCHIUI ABYX HMnym,coB
nonHhlH BH.ZJ:eOCHrHaJI
H8)1(HMHa5I npYJKHHa
coe.n;MHuTem,
pa3DeM,coenMHeHue
perynupoBKa,ynpaBJlCHUe
perYJIHpOBO'IHbIH }':JCJI
npeo6pa30BaTCJIb
C'ICT'IHK
QeHTp8JIbHbIH npol4eccop
pcryrunop ljeTKOCTH
Cm1COK a66peB aTyp, cOKPa etM£1 repMl1HOB
ra8 Cross modulation nepeKpecrHaSl MO.QYJUlQHSI
Crosstalk v
CHrHaJI nOMeXH, B03HHKalOlltHH npH
BocnpOH3BeL{eHHH coceL{HCH CTpO'IKH
3anHCH (nepeKpcCTllaSi nOMexa)
Crosstalk attenuation cxeMa ocrra6neHHSI nepcKpeCTHblx
nOMeX
CS (converter subcar- nepeHeCCHHaSl nO,lJ,Hecyllta.s:l CHrHaJIOB
rier) lI.BeTHOCTH
CTI (color transient perYJIHpOBKa HaCblll1eHHOCTH BCTa
improvement)
CTL (Control) perynHpoBKa,ynpaBlleHHe
CTL-llcad cHllxporonoBKa
CTS (composite tclcvi- v v
nOJIHblH TeJleBH3HOIUlLIH BHJJ;eOCHr-
sion signal) lIaJI
CUE YCKopeHHoc BocnpOH3Be,D;eHHe B
npHMoM HanpanneHHH
Current TOK
CURRENT 3alltHTa no TOKY
PROTECTOR
:I Cut-off frequency rpaHH'IHaSl tJacroTa, l.JacroTa cpC3a
( <pHm.,I'P a )
Cut-out OTCel.JKa, HanpSlJKClme OTCCtIKH
CVS (composite video nOllllblH BH,D;cocnrHaJI
signal)
CYL (cylinder) 6noK BM,lJ,corOiIOBOK (EBr)
CylFR (Cylinder [-'ree CBo6o)UioC Bpal.l{eHHe EBr (npH OT-
Run) KJIlOliCHHOH CAP EBr)
D
D (Drum) 6apa6aH, EBr
D.MC (drum APC) CHCTeMa aBTOManiliCCKoro perynH-
pOBaHHSI liaCTOTbl BpallleHH.s:I EBr
D.APS (drum APS) CHCTeMa aBTOMaTHtICCKOro perymi-
pOBaHHSI nOlIO:>KeIiHSI ( 83L1) EBr
D.C. amplifier )'cHnHTeJIL nOCTOSlHHoro TOKa
D.C. converter npeo6pa30naTeJIb noc-rommoro TOKa
D.D (direct drive) v
npSJMoH npHBO));
D.FG (drum frequency AaT'IHK (CHrHaJI ,D;aT1.IHKa) tIaCTOTbl
generator) BpaU!eHHH EB r
D.LIM (dark limiter) orpaHHI.JCHHe nHKOD TeMHoro
D.PG (drum pulse gcn- )J.aT'fHK (cHnlaJI )J.aT1.JHKa) nO_IlO>Ke-
erator) HUH Br
D/A (digiLal/analog) I (H po-aHaJJoroBbIH
(npcoopa30naTCJIb)
D/C (dark clip) OrpalU-f1.JeHHe IlHKOB TeMHoro
245
DAC (digital to analog
converter)
Damping
Damping resistance
Dark-Clip
Data output
Data processing
DC (D.C.) (direct cUr
rent)
DDC (direct drive cyl-
inder)
DE-EMPH
(deemphasis)
Definition, resolution
I
Delay
Delay bias
Delay equalizer
DEMOD
(demodulator)
DET (detector)
DET out
DETAIL
DEV (deviation)
DEW
Dip
DIR (direction)
Direct current
Direction
Disconnect
Distance
DL (Delay line)
DLYD
DM (drum motor)
DOC (Drop-out Com-
pensator)
DP-Head (Drum pulse-
Head)
Drift
Drive belt
Drive mechanism
Drop
Drop-out Det.
246
LtH4>po-aHaJlOrOBbIH npeo6pa30Ba-
TeJlL
38TyxaHHe, ocn a6neH He
ClIa1KHBaJOlltHH pe3HCTOp (13 RC-
«l>HnI, Tpe)
orpallH'leHHe nHJ<OB TCMHoro
BbIXO aHHbIX
o6pa6oTKa ,l{aHHbIX
...
nocroSlHHLIH TOK
npSlMoH 3neKTponpHBO,lt EBr
,
KOppeKl(HH npe,ltbICKa)l(CHU"
pS3pellleHHe, pa3peWalOI.l\aH cno
co6HOCTb
3 ep>KKa
HanpSl>KellHe 3 ep)l(KU
KoppelCTop BpCMeHH 3a;:J.epJICKU
AeMoAymrrop
,l:teTeKTOp
BblXOA AeTeKTOpa
o60':ma'leHHe CXeMI:.I II nOL('1CpKHBa-
HWI" MeJDCHX ,lteTaneu H306pa)l(eHUSI
.neBuaUH)}
BJIa)l(HOCTb (!1aT'IHK BJIa)l(HOCTH)
Ce,WIOBUHa (npOBan) KPUBOii (A qX)
nanpaBneHHe
nOCToSlHllblH TOK
HanpaBJIeHHe
flenOJl,cOe,AHHeHHbIH. CBo60,lUtbIH
(BbIBO.zd
pacCToSlHHe
nHHHH 3a;:J.ep>KKH
3 ep)l(aHHblii
;niHraTeJIl. EBr
...
KOMneHcaTop Bbm eHUH
MarHHTHaH rOJIOBKa J{8T'IHKa nono-
>KeHHSI EBr
.lijJeH$. YXO!1 (\iaCTOTLI)
peMeHHoH npUBO,A
npHDOAHOH MexaHH3M
Bbma,n;eHHiI
,AereKTop Bbma!1eHHH
-
Drum
Drum DC Motor
Drum Discri
Drum P.D.Head
Drum Pulse IN
,
Drum Sampling
Drum-free-speed
DR V (Drive)
DTL (dctail)
DUTY DET
E
E to E, E-E (electronics
to electronics)
E-E-Level
E.P.
E.Q.-Amp
E.S., E.SENS (End sen-
sor)
E.SW (electronic
switch)
ECe (error checking
and corrcction)
Edit '
EF (emitter follower)
EMPHA (emphasis)
End. Sens. P. W.B.
ENHANCER
EN V
EQ (equalization)
Equipment
Erase current
Erase head
Erase voltage
Error. defect
Error-voltage
CnMCOK a66peBMaryp, cOl<pa11.l.eHMM M TepMMHOB
6apa6aH BH,lJ.eOronoBoK, BBr
roJHraTeJIb nOCTOSlHHoro TOKa EBr
,[{HCKpHMHHaTop 6apa6aHa BH,[{eoro-
nOBOK
ronOBKa ,[(aT"IHKa Bpal.QeHlUI EBr
BXO,A CHf'Hana .lI.aTI-JHKa BpallteHH.SI
BBr
onopHblH HMnynbc JJ.IDI EBr
CB060.ll.HCUI CKOpOCTb BpaUteHH.SI EBr
cxeMa ynpaBlICHH.SI p;BHraTeJICM EBr
0603Ha"lCHHC cxeMbI
" nO ,lJ.'1epKHBaHH.SI" MemcHx .lJ.CTaJIeH
H306pa>KeHH.SI
JJ,eTeKTOp PC)I(HMB
pe)l(HM KOHTpOJUI BXO,AHOf'O BH,lJ.eo-
CHf'HaJ1a HB MOHHTope c HCnOJIb30Ba-
HHeM KOMnOHCHTOB KamLJIa Bocnpo-
H3BeJ],eHH.SI BH.qeOM arHHT04>oH8
pe)l(HM E-E
3MHTTepHbIH nOBTOpHTC1Jb
YCHJIHTeJIb - KOppCKTOp
A8T"IHK KOIlLta JICUTbl
3neKTpOHHblH KJI1O"I
06HapY>KeHHe H HCnpaBJIeHHe OllJH-
60K
p e .ll.aKTHpOB8Tb,MOHTHpOBaTb
(BHJJ;eo4>OHOIlJ8MMY)
3MHTIepHblH nOBTOpHTeJlb
npeJ(bICK8)1(emUI
nnaTa A8T"IHKa KOHQ8 JIeHTbl
cxeM8 }'BeJlH"ICHHSl OTHOllIeHHSl CHr-
HanlllI)'M
orH6aIOU1a51
KOppeKTOp,KOppeKUHSl
060PYAOBaHHe,npHcnoco6nCH e
TOK CTHpaHHH
CTHpalOlUaSl rOJlOBKa
HanpSl)l(eHHe CTHpaIlH.R
HeHcnpaBHOCTb, oum6J<8, !le eKT
Hanp.R>KeHHe oum6KH
(paccornaCOBamfSl)
247
ETC (electronic tape
counter)
F
F (fuse)
F.ADV
F.E. Head (Full erase)
F.P. IN
F.FWD
Fast wind
FC
FE (full erase)
FEQ (frequency equali-
zation)
FF (fast forward)
FG (frequency genera-
tor)
FO-coil
FH
Field frequency
Fields
Figure
FL
Flagging effect
Flip Flop out
Flyback
Flyback time
Flywheel mass
FM (frequcncy modu
lation)
FM-out
FR (full recording)
Frame Noise Position
Frames
248
3J1eKTpOHHbIH Cl.JeT"IHK AJlHHbl J1eHTbl
npe,noxpaHHTeJ1b
...
nOK pOBblH npocMoTp
ronOBKa o6utero CTHpaHHSI
BXO.a cxeMbl ynpaBncHHSI romraTCJ1eM
BE, no KOTOPOMY EM nepeBO.D.I1TCSI B
pe)f(HM 6blCTpOH nepeMOTKH Bncpe.n.
nepeMoTKa BnepcJ(
6blCTpaSi nepeMOTKa
I{CH1'paJIbH8S1 l.JaCTOTHaSi T01.fKa
n01IHOe CTHpaHHc ManmTHoH JICJlTbl
':IaCTOTHaH KOppeKLtHSI
YCKOPCHH8S1 nepeMOTKa Bnepe.n;
LJaCTOTHbIM reHepaTop; a66pcBHaTY-
pa HCnOJIb3YeTCSI TaK>.Ke ,l]..J1Jl 060311a-
l.JeHUSI CHrHaJ10B o6paTHbix CBS!:3CH no
l.JaCTOTe Bpal11eHHH 3J1eK1'po1tRHraTe-
JIeH B CAP
06MOTK8 ):t.aT1.fHKa LJaCTOTbl Bpautc-
HHS!:
LJaCTOTa CTpOK
':IaCTOTa nOlleH (TeneBH3HoHHoro
K a.n;p a)
nOlli! (Te.'ICBH3HOIIIIoro Ka.D.pa)
PHCYHOK
HH3KaSl LJaCTOTa
npcMcHHaSl 01lJH6Ka
BbIXO,[,{ TpHrrcpHoM Sl1.fCHKH
o6paTHblH XOJ\ (nYl.Ja)
.lVIHTeJ1bHOCTb 06paTlloro XO,lJ,a
MaXOBHK
LJaCTOTHaSl MO.D.ymU{HSI
tIM BLIXO.D.
3am-iCh nonHOM TCJIeBH31-10HHOn Im-
4>OpM a lt HH
CXCMa 06ecncI.JI-malOutaSi oCTaHoBKY
BE C MIUlHMa..1.hllbIM KOnHI.JCCTBOM
WYMOBbIX nOlIOC B pe>KHMC "CTon-
KR.ap" (Jla H306pa)f(CIIHli)
Ka.apbI
bl
FREQ. COMP
(frequcncy compensa-
tor)
Free Run M. Multi
Frcquency
Frequency dividcr
Frequcncy responsc
B
Friction disc
Front-Porch
FS (frequency shift)
FSC (frcqucncy sub.
carrier)
Fun erasc head
Function SW
Fuse
FV
)
FV (False Vertical)
FWD (forward)
G
G (GND, Ground)
GAIN
Gain look
Gap
gate
GEN (generator)
GRN (ground)
Guard band
Guide pin
H
H (high)
H (horizontal)
H. (head)
CnHCOK a66peBlilaTYP. COKP6 eH""H H TepM....HOB
'J8croTHag KOppCICLtlU1
aBTOlloMHblH 0,lJ,HoBH6paTop
'J8croTa
,lJ,CJIHTCJIb lJacrOTbl
aMnnHTY,lJ,1I0-'J8CToTHaSl xapaKTcpH-
CTHKa (A qX)
TOpM03110H .n;HCIC
nepCl{HIDJ IUIOlIta.n;Ka raCSlLUero HM-
nY1lbca
c,romr (yxo.n) 'IaCTOTbl
lJaCTOT8 nOlt.HecYLUcH
fonODlCa 06LUero (n01lHOro) CTHpa-
H"SI JICUTbl
YHKLtHOHa.JIbHbI" nepelUDOlJaTCJIb
nnaBKH" npe06pa'30BaTeJIb
npe06pa30B8TeJIb Q8CTOT8-
nanpSl)f(eHHC
HMnYJIbCbI 3aMeu eHHSJ K8JqJoBoro
CHHxpocHfmUla
Bnepc.n
Kopnyc, 06IltHH (BbIXO.n)
YCHnCHHe
ypoBeJ Ib YCH1IeHluI
3a30p, HHTepBaJI (MC)KCTpOlIllbIi:j)
HMnynbC, CTp06-HMnynbc
renepaTop
'Ja3eMnCHHe
3aU!HTHaSi nOlloca lIaCTOT, 38LUHTHbJll
HHTepBa.11 (MC Y crpOI.J:K8l\.Uf 3anH-
CH)
I<JJ1Oq (HanpaBJJCIIHe H TO'IKa OTCl.J:eTa
BbIBOJtOB liMe, JI8MIlbJ; MapKepHblC
OTBCpCTHSI B rnCCTCpH5IX nn:rv1)
BblCOICHH nOrlilJCCKHH ypOBCllb
ropH30HTa.'1bHhIH, CTpOIIHblif, CTpOKa
BH corOJIOBKa
249
H .sYNS (horizontal
crpO'lHbIH CHlixpoHMnYJIbC
syns)
HD (horizontal drive
CH['HaJI crpO'-lHOH CHHxpoHH3aUHH
signal)
Head ['OJIOBK8 (MarHHTHasr)
Head BIAS nO MarHH'IHBHHeronOBKH
Head BIAS Level ypoBeHIt nO MarHH1fHBaHHSI rOJIOBKH
Head carrier ,WICK, Ha KOTOpOM KpenRTCSI BH,neo-
ronOBKH
Head slope gap HaKlIOH 3830pa ['OROBKH
Heater no!torpeB8TeJIb (J<aTo a). Harpena-
HHe,p830rpcB
H G (H all generator) reHepaTop XOJIJI8
High Pass. Amp. YCHJIHTelIb BepxHHx '1aCTOT
High-Density B OOKonJIOTHaSl3anHCb
HPF (High pass filter) 4JHJIbTp BepxHHx 'IaCTOT (c1>Bll)
HS heat sink TenJIOOTBO
HSP (H.SW.P) (head HMnynr.cbJ nepeKJI1O'-IeHHSI npeJJ;Bspu-
switching pulse)
TeJIbHblX YCHJIHTeneH BocnpOH3BeJ:1;e-
I HHSI
HSS (Helical-Scan- CHCTeM8. OCHOBaHH8.SI Ha npHMeHe-
System)
HHH MeTO a H8KJIOHHO-crp01.JHOH 3a-
nHcH-BocnpoH3BeJ:1;eHHSI
HSS (horizontal syns ceJIeKTOp crpO'lH X CHHxpoHMnYllb-
separator) COB, a66peBHaTypa T8K)I(e HCnOJIb3Y-
eTCSI AIDI 0603Ha'leHHSI CTpO'-lHbIX
CHHxpOHMnYJIbCOB
I
IA (instrumentation
H3MepHTeJIbHbIH YCHJIHTeJIb
amplifier)
IC (integrated circuit) HHTerp8JIbHaSi cxeMa (HC)
10 (identification) HlIeHTH4J HKa ltHSI
Idler npOMe)l(yrO'lHaSlllleCTepH.SI, Hanpaa-
JISOOll(HH pOJIMI< (XOJIOCTOH XOJ:1;)
IF (Intermediate fre- npoMe)ICyrO'lHaH'I8CTOTa
quency)
IF amplifier ....
YCHJIHTeJIh npOMe>KyrO':lHoH 'IaCTOTLI
IF (intermediate fre- npOMe)l(yrO'lHa.Sl QBCTOTa
quency)
IF transformer nOJIOCOBOH 4JHJIbTp, HaCTpOeHHblH liB
nq
Image frequency 'IaCTOT8 3epl<aJIbHOrO KaRana
IND (indicator) HHlJ;IiK8TOp
Indicator lamp HH,AHKaTOpll8JI JIaMna
250
Input circuit
Input select
Input voltage divider
Insert
Interscan-reaJibity
Intercom
Intemalrotor
INV
INV (invertor)
IR
J
jitter
Junction board
Junction transistor
K
KILL (killer)
L
L (Loading)
L (LUM) (luminance)
L (low)
Last No.
LC (liquid crystal)
LCD
LED (light-emitting di-
ode)
Level
Level con trol
LF (Low frequency)
Lifting magnet
LIM (limiter)
Limit
Limiter Bal.
Limiter operating point
Limiting values
LINE
Line frequency
Cn col< a66peBJotaTYP, cOKpaL1.l.eH M Jot TepM HOB
Bxo.n;HaSi CXCMa, BX0.D.uaSi uenb
ceJIeKTOp BXO.n;OB BM
BXOl{HOH ,nenHTCJIb HanpSlxceHHSI
BCTaBKa
B3aHM03aMeHSIeMOCTb BH.nCQ(pOHO-
rpaMM
neperoBopHoeycrpoMCTBO
BI-IellJlIHM .nHCK Bpau alOuterocSi
Tp aHc <p o pM8Topa
liHBepTOp
HHBeprop
npHcMHHK
"J1.p0>KaHHe" H306pa>KCHHSI
coe,/J;HHHTeJIbHaSi nnaTa
nnanapHblH TpaH3HCTop
nO.D.aBHTeJIbJBbl qaTenb
:mnpaBKa (ncHTbI)
SlpKOCTb. SlpKOCTH3S1 H CHHXpOJlH3H-
PYK>1l1 3S1 COCTaBIImOIl.{HC nomlOro
TeJIeBH3HOHHoro CHrHMa
HH3KHM nOrH':ICCKHH ypOBCHb
cneJ{)'1OIl\HH HOMep
>KH;:J;KHU KpHCT3JIJI
...
)l(H)J)<OKpHCT3JIJIH'ICCKHH .D.HcrrnCH
CBeTO,QHOJt.
ypOBCHb
pcrYJIHpOBKa YPOBHSI
"H3KHe (3B}'KOBbIe) ':IaCTOTbI
nOlt'beMHbIH MarHHT
OrpSHH':IHTeJIb
npe)J.cn,rpaHMQ3
CMMMeTpHSI orpaHW.jCnI-U1
pa6o':laSi TO'lK3 orpaUH'lHTeJUI
3t13'1eIUle ypOBHeH Orp3UH'iCJUUI
JIHHeHHbIH (YCMJIHTCJ16), crpOKa, JIM-
IIHSI
':IBcroTa crpOK
251
Line synchronization
LN A(low-noisc ampli-
fier)
LNC (YNC)
(luminance (Y) noise
cancel)
Load
LOAD (loading)
Lock-Phase
Lock - Point
Locking devicc
LPF (low-pass filter)
LSIC (large scale inte
gration circuit)
M
M (motor)
M.C.A. (Motor Con-
trol Amplifier)
M.M. (microelectronics
module)
Main belt
Mains
Mains frequency
Mains unit
Mains voltage
MCU (microcomputer
unit)
MDA (motor drive
amplifier)
MECHACOM
(mechanism control)
Memory
MIC
MIC IN
MIC (microphone)
MISLOCK
252
CTpoquaSi CHHxpoHH3aQHSI
MarroUIYMSI HH YCHJUnCJIb
CXCMa nO,l],aBneHHSI UIYMa B CHrmlJle
SlpKOCTH
3anpaBJ(a (neHTbl)
3arpY3Ka, 3anpaBKa MarHHTHoM .RCH-
Tbl
<}>a30BaSi CHHxpoHH3aUHSI
BbIBOP; 6JlOKHpOBKH
YCTpOHCTBO (cxcMa) CHHXPOHH3aUHH
4>HJlbTP HH>KHHK IJaCTOT (<<1JHq)
60JIbllla}] HHTcrpaJIbHaSi CXCMa
(Eli C)
3JlCKTpo,WmraTeJIb
YCHJIHTenb CHrHaJIa ynpaBJlCHHSI .l{BH-
raTCJIeM (ApaHBcp)
MHKp03JleKTpOlUlblH MOP;YJlb, a66pe-
BHaTypa HcnoJ'Ib3YeTCSl .D.lliI 0603Ha-
'-IeHHSI ltH pOBbIK JlOrH1JCCKHX H nc-
peC1JeTllblX cxeM CAP H KaHaJIa 06-
pa60TKH CHf'Hana ltDeTHOCTH
f'JIaBHbIH peMcHHoH npHBop;
CeTb (npoMbtUIJICHHa5l, HanpHMep,
220V)
npOMbllUJIeHHaSl 'IaCTOTa
eTeBOH 6JlOl( nHTaJlHSI
nanpSl)KCHMe B CeTH
MHKpo-3BM
YCHJIHTCJIb nIiTaJlMSI 3JIeKTpollBHra-
TCJlSI
ynpaDJICHHe MexaHH3MOM
naMSlTb (3anoMHHalOwec YCl'POH
CTBO)
MHKpmpoH
I"He3JlO P;IISI nOlJ,K1IIO'-leHIUI MHKpoq)Q-
Ha
MHKpocpon
paccorJ1aCOaaHHe. oLUH6Ka
(CHHXP°Hl-l3 a uaUt )
Mix Booster
MIX (mixer, mixing)
Mixer
Mixer section
Mixing Amp.
MM (Mono multi)
MMV (monostable
multivibrator)
MNTR (monitor)
MOD (modulator)
Modc of operation
Mode SW
Modulation drive
Module, subassembly
Moist
MP (monolithic proces-
sor)
MPU (microprocessor)
MUL TI (multi system
reception)
MUTE (muting)
MX (matrix)
N
N.C. = Not cOlUlected
N. CAN (noise cancel)
N.F.
NIPIS
(NTSCIP ALl SECAM)
NC (noise cancel)
NFB (negative feed
back)
NL (noise limiter)
NLDE (non-linear de-
emphasis)
N OC (normally open
contact) .
Noise
Noise chancellor
Noise factor
Noise level
NON- LIN (non-linear)
CnHCCK a66peBHaryp. coKpaw.-eHH£t M TepMMHOB
aHTCHHhlH YCIfJIHTeJIL CMeCHTCJIb
cMecHnmb
CMecHTeJIb
CMeCHTeJIbliaSi ceKltHjI (cxcMa)
YCHJIH reJIb-cMecHTeJIb
MYJIbTHBH6paTop
O.nHoBH6paTop. )l():tylltHH MYJIbTH-
BH6paTop
MOHHTOp
MOJ:\Yrurrop
pe)l(HM pa60Tbi
nepeKJDO'I8TeJIb pe:>KHMOB
...
Mo.nynHPYIOII.1HH ynpaBJUIIOII.1HH CHr-
HaJI
C60PO'lHbIH Y3eJl. MO YJII.
BJlara
O,nHOKpHCTaJIbHbIH MHKponpoQcccoP
MHKponpoQeccop
aBTOMaTH'iecKaSI HacrpoHK8 TV HnH
TIOHepa VCR Ha CHrHaJIbl p83HbiX
CHCTeM (PAL, SECAM, NTSC)
6JIOKHpOBKa3B}'Ka
MaTpHl.(a
Heno,ncoe,nHHCHHbIH, CBo6oJ\Hb1H
(BLIBOA)
...
ycrpOHCTBO UlYMonOHH>KeUHjI
K03 (I)I{1.("eHT UI}'Ma
HTCu:mAJI/CEKAM. CHCTeMbl
l!BeTHOro TcneBH.neHH5I
ycrpoikrno wYMonOHH)I(eHHSI
oTpHuaTCJIbHaH o6paTHaSl CBSl3b
orpaHH1.JHTCJIb WYMOB
...
KOppCKTOp HeJIHHeHHbIX npe bIcJ(a-
}KeHIiH
3aMbiKalOlltHH I<OHTaKT
lllYM
ycrpOHCTBO lllYMonOHIi>KCHHSI
l<o3<1><IJHQHeHT rnYMa
ypOBCllb l1J}'Ma
HCJIHHeHHblH
253
None
NOP (no operation)
NOR
NOR, open
NOR/Speed Tracking
VR
N onnal operation
NTSC (N ational Tele-
vision System Commit-
tce)
o
O&M (operation and
maintenance)
o.d. (overall dimen-
sions)
OEIC (optoelectronic
integrated circuit)
of Junction Board
ofY/C PWB
Ofr
OPE-out
Operation
OSC (oscillator)
\ OSC-CTL
Oscillogram
Oscilloscope
OSD on screen display
OTR
Output
Output power
Output-stage-power
p
P.C
P.S. (phase shift)
P. TR (power transistor)
P A (pulse amplifier)
254
(H306pa)f(eHHe) 6e3 cO,ijcp)f(aullil
B Hepa60l.feM COCTOHHHH
HOpMaIIbHblH
HOpMaIIbHblH, HOpMa.IlbHO OTKpblTblH
(Pa:30MKHyrbIH)
v
perymrrop TpeKHHra c ycrpOHCTBOM
YCTaHoBKH ero B HOpMaJIbHOe nono-
>KeHHe
HOpM8.lIbHblH pe)KHM (pa6oTbl)
CHCTeMa l(BeTHOrO Te.11eBHJtCHHSI
(CIlIA)
3KCn.11yaT811HSI H 06CJIY>KUBaHHe
ra6apUTHble pa3Mepbl
OnT03JIeKTpOllHWlI1C
nnaTbl coeJtliHeHl-UI
llIIaTbl CHrHaIIOB HpKOCTH H 1.1BeT-
HOCTH
BblKlllOl.feH
,l);aHHble pe>KHMa pa60Tbi (c Bblxo.tl,a
nporpaMMHoro nepeKJDO'IaTeJISl)
pa6oTa, peJKHM (pa6oTbI)
reHep8Top, OCltHJlIDITOp
ynpaBJIellue qaCTOTOD reHepa-ropa
OCl.{IUIJIorpaMM8
OCI..{HJlJIorpa
Ta6no Ha 3KpaHe
onepaTHBHaR3anHcb
BbIXO,[t
BbIXOJ1HaH MOlllHOCTL
...
BbIXOJtH0U KaCKa.n; YCWlHTeJliI MOIl.(-
IfOCTU (6noK8 nHTaHHSI)
KOHTpOJIb nUTaHUS!
<pa:30Bp a lllaTeJIb
MOlllHblH TpaH3uCTop
HMnynbcHblH ycUnHTeJlb
P AF (phase alternation
by field)
PAL (phase alternation
line)
Path
Pattern
Pause/Slow IN
PE (Play:.Back)
PB Col. IN
PB color Bal
PB color Lever
PB FM Bal.
PB FM Level
PH Level
PB playback
PB-FM our
PEAKING
PEAKING AMP
(peaking amplifier)
Pedestal- Adjustment
PEL (picture element)
PO (pulse generator)
Phase Detector
Phase reversal stage
Phase shift
PI (photo interruptcr)
Picture content
Picture search
Pinch roller
Playback head
CnHCOK a66peBHaryp. COKPa eHHi1 M TepMMHoB
noJUI c nepeMcllHoH <lJa30H
CTpOKH C nCpeMCHtIOH $a30"; CHCTe-
M a l(BeTHOrO TCJIeBHn;eHH5I
(repMaHH5I)
opo a.crpOqKa3anHcH
I-ICnblTaTCJIbHaSi Ta6JIHua
naY3a/BXO,A YCTpOiic'1 aa 3aMeAlIeHHO.
ro BocnpoH3Be,ncHHiI
BocnpOJ-I3Bc,ncHHe
BXOJ:t, BocnpoH3Bo,nHMoro CHrmLIa
QBeTHOCTH
6anaHc (cHMMeTpHSI) BocnpOH3BOnH-
Moro CHrHaJ1a L1BCTHOCTH
ypoBellb BocnpOH3BC,l{CHH5I CHrHMa
1.1BCTHOCTH
6a.JIanc (CHMMeTpHSI) qaCTOTHoro Ae-
MOn;YJISITOpa
ypoBeHb BocnpoH3Ben;cHHSI tIM CHr-
HMa
ypOBCHb BocnpoH3Be.o:emui
DocnpoH3Be cHHe
tIM DbIXO.o:UOH CHrllaJI BOCnpOl-l3Bc.
.n.CHHSI (c BbIxo.n:a npellBapHTeJIbHOrO
ycruIliTeJUl)
Bq-KoppeKQHSI, nOJn,eM qaCTOTHOH
xapaKTepHCTHKH B BbJCOKOqaCTOT-
HOH 06.rraCTH
YCHJIHTCJlb co cxeMoH B1J -KoppeKIlHH
perYJII-fpOBKa YPOBIUI '-Iepnoro
3JIeMeHT H306pa>KeHHSI
reHcpaTopHMnYJILCOB;a66peBH8TY_
pa HCnOJIL3YCTCSI TaK)KC .AJISI 0603H8-
qeHHSI CHrHaJIa o6paTHoH CBSl3H no
nOJIO>l<CHIUO BH,lXeorOJIOBOK B CAP
C,l{
<p a 30Db1H J:teTeKTOp
KacKaJ{ npaIl.{elJHSI cpa3bl Ha J BOo
cpa30Bp a lltaTeJIb
4>oTonpcpbIBaTCJ1b
cO ep)KaHHC H306pa>KeHIUI
nOHCK HY>K.HOrO cpparMeHT8 BH)].eo-
rpaMMbl
npH>K.HMHOH pO.'IHK
rO.'10BJ<a DocnpOH3BC.ilCHJHI
255
Playback Mode
Playback reproduction
PLL (phase locked
loop)
Plug
Porch
Position
Power Lamp
Power supply
Power SW
Power Trans
PR pinch roller
Pre + Rcc.-Amp.
Pre.Amp.
Pre. set
Preparation
Pressure solenoid
PSU (power supply
unit)
PTDL (programmable
tapped delay line)
Pulse
Pulse Level
Pulse width
PWB (printed wiring
board)
PWM
R
RIP-CTL + A.E.Head-
PWB
RIP-Head
RAM (random access
memory)
Range
RAS (random access
storage)
RCP (remote control
panel)
REC (rccording, rec-
ord)
Rec. SW Phase
256
pe)l(HM BOCnpOl-f:me.u.cHlul
BOCnpOH3BC}.1,CHHe
4>a30Basr aBTonoL\CTpoHxa '1acroTbl
(cI>ATI1J)
BliJIKa, llITenCeJIL. UITeKep
nJIOlL'(a)J;Ka racsrwero HMnynbca
nonmKCIiHe
HH):{HK8TOp BKJIIO'IeHHSI
HCTO'lHHK (6JIOK) nHT8HHSI
BKJTIO'IeHHe nHTaHHSI
CHJ1OBOH Tpanc<1>opM aTOp
orpaHH'IHBaIOU{MH pOJIHK
npe.lU3apHTCJIbHblH YCHJIHTeJIL 3anHCH
npe.QBapHTeJIbHLIlJ YCHJIHTeJIb
npC.QBapHTCJIbHbIH perY}ISITOp Tpe-
KHllra
nO,[U'OTOBKa, npC,lJ;BapH fCJIbHaSi 06-
pa60TKa
...
npl-nKHM HOH M arHHT
6noK IIHTaHHP
nporpaMMMpYCMaSi IIHIIHSI 3a)J.cp>KKl-t
c OTBOAaMH
HMny JIbC
ypOBCHb CHrHaJIa
llIHpHlla (MHTCJIbHOCTb) HMnYJII,Ca
ne'laTliasr nlIaTa
llmpOTHO-HMnYJIbCnaSi MO.n;YJlSn..{HSI
(IllHM)
nnaTa CIUIXp03B)'KOBOH rOlIOBKH
ronOBK8 '3am-fCH-BOCnpoH3Be.ncHHSI
3anOMHllalOll(CC ycrpOHCTBO c npo-
H3BOJIbHOH Bbl6opl<OH (03Y)
.n;Hana30H
'3anOMlmalOIl.lCC ycrpOHCTBO (3Y) c
npoH3BoJIbHOH Bbl6opKOH
nYJIbT ):{HCTalU.{HOIiHoro ynpaBJICliHSI
'JanHCb
]
]
KOMM)'Tarop cpa3b1 npM :IanHCH
Rec. Amp.
Rec. col. out
Rec.col.Killer
Rec. color AD]
Rec. color IN
Rec.EQ
Rcc. FM AD]
Rec. FM IN
Rec. Lamp
Rec. M.M. out
Rec. Select S'V
Rec. Select S\V P.\V.B.
Receiver
Rccord-head
Recording
Recording Mode
Rectification
REEL P. (reel pulse)
REEL SENS (reel sen-
sor)
REF (reference)
REG (regulator)
Remote control
Reset
Resistor
Response
REV (reverse)
REV (review)
RE\V (Fast)-rewind
RF (radio frequency)
RF-converter
RF -generator
Cm1COK a66peB aTyp. cOKpalL\eH TepMHHOB
YCHJIHTeJIb 3anHCH
BblXO 3anHCblBaeMoro CHrHaJIa
I.{BeTHOCTH
6JIOKHpOBKa LU3eTHOCTH npH 3anHCI1
perYJIHpOBKa ypoBffil3anHcbl-
BaeMoro CHrnan:a QBeTHOCTH
BXO.n; 3anHCbIBaCMoro CHrmura I.{BeT-
"OCTM
KOPPCKQH.s:I np" 3anHClf
perYJIHpOBKa ypOBH.s:I 3anlfCbl-
BaeMoro 1.fM CHrHaJIa
BXO,A 3anHCbIBae1.iOTO qM CHrHaJIa
HH "KaTOpBbIKmOI.JeH" 3anHcH
BbIXO.l1 MYJIbTHBH6paTopa npH 3aUH-
CM
nepeKJUOI.JaTCJIb pe)f(HMa 3anMCM
nJIaTa nepCK,'I1QI.JaTem:I pe)f(HMa 3amI-
cu
npHeMHHK
3anHcblBalO a.sI rOJIOBKa
3anHCb
pe)f(HM 3aUHCH
BbmpHMJIeHHe, CTeKT"pOBaHHe
HMnYJIbCbI c .n;aTI.JHKa BpaIl.lCHH.Sl no.n;-
KaTYlIIelJUHKa
,AaTlUiK BpallteHHSI nO.lJ,KaTYllICI.JHHKa
onopHbIH (cHrHlllI, HanpSlJKeHHe)
peryJUlTop, cra6HJIH3aTOp Hanp.s:l)J(e-
HH.s:I
MCTaHI.{HOHlioe ynpaBJICl-lHe
c6poc
pe3HCTop
BbIXOJJ.HOM CHrHaJI, A IIX
peBepc
YCJcopeHl-loe BocnpoH3BeJ}.eHHe B 06-
panlOM nanpaBJICfUUI
nepeMOTKa
pa,AHOI.JaCTOTHbIM, a66peBHaTypa
TaJOKe HCnOJIb3yercSl AJU{ o603Hal.Jc-
HliSl BocnpOH3BOMMoro c MarJIHT-
HOH JIeHTbl BH,AeOCI1TH8JIa (RF Y, RF
C)
pa;1Ho laCToTHbIH npeo6p830BaTeJIb
reHcparop pa,z:r:HOIJaCTOTbl (HecYl1.ICM)
257
RF -out
RF -swecp
RF-Wavefonn
ROB (red, green, blue)
RIPPLE
ROM (read-only mem-
ory)
RP (RIP)
(record/playback)
R T (rotary trans-
fonner)
RUN IND (running
indicator)
R Y (Relay)
R Y -CTL
s
S.L. (side lock)
S.PHOTO (supply
photo)
S.REEL (supply reel)
S.S. (sync separator)
S.S.IN
S.SENS (start sensor)
S.SEP (sync separator)
sm (sample-and-hold)
SIN (signal-to-noise
(ratio»
SAFE (safety)
Sample Position
Sampling Pulse
Sa w tooth
258
paJ\HO':l8CTOTHbIH BbIXO"n (rHe3"no.
p83'bCM)
CHrHan reHcpaTopa Ka"lalOlltcHCSI
':IaCTOTbl pa Ho"nHan3.30Ha (B"ll CHr-
HaJI K8"1aHHSi)
orH6alO1UaH p8,lJ,HO"lacroTHoro CHr-
Hana
KpacHblH, 3eJICHbIH, CHHHH OCHOBHblC
LtBeTa, nCpClt8BaeMbiC B UBeTHOM TC-
nCBHD.CHHe H o6pa6aTbiBacMbie e-
Ko"nepaMH
CTna>ICHBaIOIlIHH ( HJIbTp)
nOCTOSlHHOC 3anOMHHalOlllce YCTpOH-
CTBO
3anHCb-BocnpOH3Bc"nCHHC
BpaU1alOl.l.IHikH TpaH<A}>opMaTop
.n.aT\.fHI< Bpal1.tCHHH
pCJIC
pCJIeHHOe ynpaDJIClme
BHCIllHHH CHHxpOHH3aQH.SI
oTo.aaT"IHI< (cHrHan OTOnaT"IHKa)
paKop.aa KOH1.1a nCHTbI
naT1.IHI< (cHnlaJI .naT'IHKa) BpallteHlul
no,n:alOllIeH KaTYUlKH
CCJIeKTOp CIUlxpoHMnynbcoB
BXO.n CHrHaJIa D.aT':lHKa Ha':laJIa nCHTbI
.a8T':IHK HCXOJ{Horo COCTOSlHHSI JII1M;
.n.aT"IHK Ha':lana (paKopJ{a) nCHTLI
CeJIeKTOp CHHxpoHMny JIbCOB
cxeMa .l(HCKPCTH3aUHH C 3anOMHHa-
HHCM OTC':ICTOB (cxeMa Bbl60pKH H
xpaHeHHSI)
01110111CHHC CHrHan/wYM
3allllna
HCXO,mme nOJIO)KeHHC
crp06HPYJOIltHH HMnynbc
nHllOo6pa3HLIH CHrHa.J1
SA WF (surface acous-
tic wave filter)
SC (sand castle)
SC (subcarrier)
Scanning, playback
SCART
SCFM (subcarrier fre-
quency modulation)
SCK
SCL
SDA
SEAR (search)
Search SW
SEe
SECAM (Systeme Se-
qucntiel a Memoire)
SEL (select)
Sclcctivity
Semiconductor
SENS (sensor)
SER VO
Shaper
Shield
SHORT
SI (Serial-Data In)
Side band
SIF
Signal line
Signal source
Sine wave
SKEW
Cnl-'lcol< a66peBMaTYP. COI(JYcuJJ,eHMH M TepMMHOB
$HJIb1'p Ha nOBcpXHoCTHO-
aKYCTH'J.ecKHx BOJIHaX (nAB)
CTpo6HpyIO HH HMnYJIbC
nO,[(HCCYInWI (qaCTOTa)
CKBHHpOBB.UHe.BocnpOH3BCJJ;eHHC
UJTeKepHOe COeL\HllcIIHC no CBponeH-
CKOMY craHl{apTY AJUI nOJl,KJlJOqeHHSI
BH}1eOannapaTypbl
Mo):(ymulHSI nO,D;HeCYll1 eH
TaKTOBble HMnYJIbCbl LlCH rpa.m.lloro
npol.1 ecco pa
T8ICTOBWI WHHa PC
nOCJlel{OBaTeJIbHble .f];aHHhle, Ull-tHa
JJ;aHHbIX PC
nouCK «»parMeHTa BH)J.C03anUCH npH
ee BocnpOH3BcJJ;CIIHH C YCKopeHl.feM B
npSlMOM HIIH oGpaTHoM HanpaSJIeHHH
nepCK100lfaTeJIb pC>KHMa nOHCKa
ceKYH,[ta
nOO'lCpeJl)ible [(BeTa H naMHTb; CH-
CTeMa I..lDeTUOrO TCJIeBHJJ;CHlUI
( <DpaHl.(HSI)
BblGop
H36HpaTeJTbHOCTb
nonynpOBO,[(HHK
ceilcop, AaT':lHK
(CJIc)J;Ill1aSl) CH(...'TeMa aBTOMaTHlfe-
CKoro perymlpoBaHHSI
4>opMHpOBaTCJlb
(3al1.(HTHbIH) 3Kpalf, 3KpaUH3HpOSB.Tb
ICOpOTK03aMKHyrblH (BHTOK, KOH-
TaKT)
nOCJIellOBaTeJIbHblH BBO.n. nOCJIe.no
BaTeJIbHblH BXO.z:t. WHHbl .naHHbIX
60KOBaSi nOJIoca qaCTOT
npOMe)l(yrolflla}J lfaCTOTa 3B}'KOBOro
CHrHaJIa
CHrHaJIbH8R lllHHa
HCTO'lHHK CHrHaJIa
rapMOHH'IeCKasI BOJIHa
(CHHYCOHAaJIbHaR)
HCK8>KeHHii H306pa)l(eHHSI, BbI3BaH-
Hble norpeUlHOCTbIO CAP HaTSI>KeIlH.sI
J1eHTbl
259
.
SLD (side lock detec
lor)
Slipping belt
Slow VR out
SL W (slow)
Smear-Compensation
SN (Signal to Noise)
SNS (sensor)
SO (Serial-Data Out)
SOL (solenoid)
Soldered
Source
Speed
Speed Control
(Rcmote)
Speed IN
Speed Tracking
Sq uelch
SR (shift register)
SRC (super resolution
control)
Stop key
Stop Mode
Stop SoLout
SUB (subcarricr)
SUB. CONY
(subcarrier converter)
Subcarrier
SUP (supply)
SUP.REEL (supply
reel)
S\V (Switchcr)
SW-Noise Suppresser
SW -Point
Swcep-Signal
Swivel
Sampling and Hold
260
ACTeKTop BllCllIHCH CHHxpoHH3altHH
MepTBaR 30Ha
BbIXO,D; cxeMbl perYJUfpOBJili 3aMe,n-
neHHoro BocnpoH3Be.n;emul
3aMCAJIeHHOe (BocnpoH3Be.a:eHue)
KOppCKTOp '1CTKOCTH (u306pa:>KCHHSI)
OTHOllreHUeCHrHaJl/rnYM
.n;aT"IHK
nOCJIeJ(oBaTeJIbHbIH BhIBO,lJ;, BbIXO,n
nOCJIe.nOBaTeJIbHbIX ,D;RHHhIX
COneHOH,D;, KaTYllIKa ::meKTpoMarHHTa
naiiKa
HCTO'lHHK
CKOpOCTb
ynpaJ3JIeHHC CKOpOCTblO ( ,AHCTaHltH-
oHHoe)
BXOD; ycrpoHCTBa BpcMeHHoro
yrmOTHeHIUI
perYJIHpOBKa TpeKHllra B CneIJ;HaJlb-
HblX pe)IQIMaX BOcnpoH3Be.n;eHHJI
cxeM8 6ecllIYMHOH HacrpoHKH
CJJ;BHrOBbIH peI'HCTp
ynpaBIDIeM851 peI'YJIHpOBKa paJpe
walO eH cnoco6HoCTH
KJIaBHWa peJKHMa "CTon"
peJKUM "CTon"
BhIXO,D; CUI'Hana ynpaBJIeHlU1 :'::InCK-
TpoMarHMToM pe:>KHMa "CTon"
nO,D;HecyutaR lJacroTa curHanOB
ltBeTHOCTH
npeo6pa30BaTCJIb nO,ZJ;Hecy eli; a6-
6pcBHaTypa HCnOJIb3YeTCSl TalOKe AJUI
o6o:maQeHHH BcnOMOraTeJIbHOrO
npco6paJoBaTelliJ l.JaCTOTbl KaHana
o6pa6oTKU CUI'Hana ltBeTHOCTH
nO,AHecylltaH
MCTO'iHHK nHTaHUSl
nO.AaIo aSl KaTYllIKa
nepeKJIJOl.JaTeJIb. KOMMyraTop
nepeKmo':laTeJIb rnYMono,aaBl-lTeJISI
TOI.JKa KO\iMyraUluf
CHI'HaJI c KaQalOl1.(cHcSI qaCTOTOH
cxeMa CI-fJlXp03anHcH U 6JIOKHpODKI-I
SYNC
(synchronization)
Sync.
Sync. IN
Sync. Sep.
Synchronous operation
SYSCON
T
T.PIIOTO (take-up
photo)
T .REC (timer record)
T .REEL P. (take-up
reel pulse)
T .REEL (take-up rcel)
T.S\V (timer s\J,i'itch)
T.U.S. out
T. U .Scns + Scarch
Take up rcel
Tape, band
TDC (time to digital
converter)
Telecast-signal
T cnsion roller
T enninal
Tcst instrument
Test pattern
Test point
Test sequence
TFO (Tuning fork oscil-
lator)
Threading
Threading bold
Timer
Timer Set
to color circuit
to discri Amp.
to each circuit
to Hall IC
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261
to speed Control Re-
mote
to Stop Solenoid
to Y -circuit
Top-view
TORQUE
TP (tcst point)
TRSW
TR (transistor)
TR.
Track
Tracking
Tracking Center
Tracking VR
TRANS (transformer)
Transfonner
Transit time
Transmission range
Transmitter
TRAP
Trapezoid
Trick button
Trigger pulse
TU.R (take-up reel)
TuncI' PWB
Tuner Unit
Tuning wheel
TUS (Take-up sensor)
u
UL (Unloading)
Unreg.
uP ( P)
Upper Drum
v
V.C.O.(Voltage con-
trolled osciHator)
262
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V.LOCK ADJ (vertical
lock adjust)
V.LOCK P. (vertical
lock pulse)
V.PULSE (vertical
pulse)
V.SEL (video select)
V.X.O.(Variable crystaJ
oscillator)
VA (video amplifier)
Vacant NO.
VBS (video blanking
synchronization)
VCA (voltage-
controlled amplifier)
VCD (variable capaci-
tance diode)
vea (voltage-
controlled oscillator)
VCR (video cassette re-
corder)
VD-out
VDD
VHS (video home sys-
tem)
Video amplifier
Video IN
Video Mode SW
Video out
Video tape track
Vision carrier
Voltage-selector
VP
VPS (video program
system)
VS (vertical scanning
start pulse)
VS (video and syn-
chronization)
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Search-Speed)
VSS (Variable-Spced-
Sound)
VSS (vertical sync sepa-
rator)
VTG (varactor-tuned
generator)
VTR (video tape re-
corder)
VUT (video signal um-
taster)
VXO (variable crystal
oscillator)
w
\Vave-Form
\Vavelength
WB (wide band)
\VBL (wide blanking
pulse)
WF (weighting filter)
White level
White-Clip
WHT (white)
\Vire
Wow and Flutter
x
x- Tal-Oscillator
XO (crystal oscillator)
y
Y + Color
264
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CnMCOK nMTepaTypbl
1. Mb60M cxeM KaCCeTHblX BHAeoMarHHTocIJOiloB
(MeTOJJ.H'.lccKoe noco6Hc), Bbln. I - JIbBon: YHnO
"3neKTpOH", 1994.- 122 c.
2. Mb60M cxeM KaCCeTHblX BH.D.coMarHHToq)OHOB
(MeTOAHI.J.CCKOC noco6He), Bbln. 2 - JIbBOB: YHTIO
"3neKTpOU", 1994.- 173 c.
3. AcpaHacbcB A. n., CaMoxHH B. n. EbIToBbie BH,lJ,eOMarHH-
TOcpOHbl. M.: Pa,lJ,HO H CBSl3b, 1989. - 160 c.
4. EprnoB K. r.) ,[{eMeUThCB C. E. BH)J,eoo6oPY)J;oBaHHc.
CnpanOI.J.HOe noco6He. Cll6.: JIcHH3AaT, 1993.- 271 c.
5. 3y6apcB 10. E., rnopHo30B r. 11. TIcpen.a"la H306pa:iKCHHH.
YLle6HHK WUI BY30B - 2-e 113A., lIepepa6. H Aon. - M.: Pa,lJ,Ho
H CBR3b, 1989.- 336 c.
6. KaCCeTHblH BH.neoMarHHTo oH SAMSUNG - 3neKTpOHJ-J-
Ka BM 1230. CnpanOI.J.HOe PYKOBoACTBO no PCMOIITY, Hacrpoii-
Ke H pcrynHpoBKc. TIpoH3BoACTBCHHOC H3AaHHe. - BOpOHe}K:
Hil<I> "BuAeoKoM", 1992. - 118 c.
7. KOneCHH"IeUKO O.B., lllHIIIHnm H.B. bblToBble BH)].eOMar-
HHTOclJOHbl ()pMaTa VIIS. qaCTb 1.- Cn6.,1994 - 145 c.
8. Pa,lJ,HO, 1988 - 1992.
9. P06HHCOH II. <1>. MarHHTHaSl BH.lI.eO'3anHCb: TeopHlI H npaK-
THKa: TIep C aHrn./ non PCA. B. H. I1apxoMcHKO/- M.: CBSl3b,
1980.- 320 c.
.
10. CaMOHJIOD B. <1>.. XPOMOH E. n. OCHOB1>1 u,BeTHOrO Te:Ie-
I3U CHHSI. (MaccoBaSi p lt06H6.'IHOTeKa; Bbln. 1047) -M.: Pa-
AHa H CBlI'3b, 1982.- 160 c.
11. Ce oB C. A. HH,lI,HBHJJ;YaJlbIiLIC BHAeOCpCJI,CTBa: CnpaBO"l-
Hoe noc06uc.- K.: HaYl\. JJ:YMKa, 1990. - 752 c.
12. TcxHHKa KHHO H TeJICBH)].ellH1J, 1988 - 1992.
13. YClIOBHblC o603Hal.lcHHSI B OnHCaHI1S1X 3apy6c>J\HOH 6b1TO-
BOM P3A: ICnpaB. noco6Hel P. r. BapJIaMOB, B. P. Bap.laMoB,
C. <1). EropoB 11 .D.p.; ilOA o6 . p . P. r. BapnaMoBa.- M.:
265
JIernpoM6bITH3J(aT, 1990. - 96 c.
14. Hitachi IC Data. 1983.
15. IC DATA & Sumstitution. Up to Data Television Tape
Rccorder VCRNCP, Warzava, 1989. - 262 p.
16. Katalogi ukadow Scalonych. Opracowanie Zespotowe pod
redakcja mgz inz. Tadcusza Drozdka.- A VT -Korporacja sp.
zO.o Warszawa, 1993.
17. N cgsseog S. IC . verglcichs . Handbuch, N umberg, VTR
FURST, 18. Auflage, 1993. -560 p.
18. Philips Data Handbook, IC 02b l Intagrated circuits. Video
and associated systems. Netherland. 1988, 1989.
19. Popular Servis Manual of JVC and NEC Video Cassette
Recorder.- IOVAPRESS VIDEO» 1991.
20. Power & Graphics Databook Stedition. Video Products. v
2. SGS-THOMSON Microelectronics, 1991.
21. Schreiber H. Circuit lntegres Television. Telecommande-
Magnetoscopes-Camescopes, v. 1-7, DUNODTECH, 1993.
22. Service Tool and Material Sony Corporation, 1983. - 52p.
23. Technical Description & Signal Path Diagrams HS-U31.
HS-U51 & HS-U61. Mitsubishi 1989/90 VCRs. Mitsubishi
Electric Sales America Inc., 1989.
24. Video Cassette Line Recorder, Video Cassette Player VK-
30R!31 RJ32R, PK-30R/31 R/32R. Service Manual Sumsung
Electronics, Korea, 1992.
25. Video Cassette Player P-R500A W. GoldStar Service
Manual, Korea, 1994.
26. Video Cassette Player VCP-R 10 lOP! RllIOP. VCp.
RIOIOWI RIIIOZ. GoldStar Service Manual, Kore 1989.
27. Video Cassette Player VIP3000HCMK5. Service Manual
Funai Electronic, Japan. 1993.
28. Video Cassette Recorder GHV-1245W. GHV-1246W.
GoldStar Service Manual. Korea, 1994.
29. Video Cassette Recorder NV -J30£E. Panasonic Service
Manua1.- Matsushita Electronic Industrial Co. Ltd.. 1986.
30. Video Cassette Recorder NV -J35EE. Panasonic Service
Manual.- Matsushita Electronic Industria] Co. Ltd.. 1988.
31. Video Cassette Recorder NV-POIAM, NV-P03RAM. NV.
266
P04REE. Y -Mechanism. Panasonic Service ManuaL-
Matsushita Electronic Trading Co., I 993.
32. Video Cassette Recorder NV -SD20EE. Panasonic Service
Manual.- Matsushita Electronic Trading Co., I 993.- 96 p.
33. Video Cassette Recorder SLV-286EE/438EEIX31IPS/SG,
X71IAS/MEINZIPS/SG. RMT-VI32J1V14KNI48M. Service
Manual Sony, Japan. 1993.
34. Video Cassette Recorder V -3HCMK.6, V -3EEMK6, V-
3SAMK6. Service Manual ADDENDUC FUNAI, Japan,
1993.
35. Video Cassette Recorder VK-1260. Service Manual
Sumsung Electronics, Korea, 1990.
36. Video Mechanism D-09. Section 4. GoldStar Service
Manual, Korea. 1991.
37. Videorecorder - Bildfebter - Fibel: ein FehlerkataJog ffir
Service - Technicer, urn Reparaturen schnell ung fachgerecht
auszufOhren/ Bernd Rodekurth. - 4., neu bearb. und erw.
Auff. Mtlnchen: Fransis. 1993.- 252 s.
267
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