Автор: Саркисов О.Р. Любарский Е.Л. Казанцев С.Я.
Теги: природа охрана окружающей среды биологические науки в целом экономика отдельных стран экономика мирового океана государство и право юридические науки экологическая безопасность эколого-правовые проблемы загрязнение окружающей среды
ISBN: 978-5-238-02251-2
Год: 2012
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43
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Ha'l3J1e 80-x rOIlOB XX CTOJ1eTI1S1 HB HBweH nJ1BHeTC 1I06h1BaJlOCb OKOJIO
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TBK H3Jh1BaeMble nJ1BHOBble nOTepl'l K3MeHHOro YfJlSI COCTaBJISIIOT 40"{;.
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44
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45
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46
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3aKOHOllBTeJ1bHble aKTbI POCClili1CKOH <I:oenepaUIfIil» II POCCI1i1CKB.II ra:Je-
TB.2008 16111OJ1J1.
fPeiJepanbHblu 3aKUH OT 28 lIeK36pH 2010 r. N 420-<I:03 ..0 BHeCeHl111
I13MeHeHi1 B <I:oenepaJIbHhli1 3aKOH .0 phI60J10BCTBe 11 COXpaHeHl111
BOllHhlX 6110J10rl1"1eCKI1X pecypCOR» 11 OTlIeJ1hHble 3aKOHOllaTeJ1bHhle BK-
TbJ POCCI1i1CKOJ:1 <I:oenepaUI1If» /I POCCHHCKaR raJeTJ.. 2010. 3111eKa6pJl.
JJeCH(Ju K01IeKC PeD or 4 neK36p.ll 2006 r. N 201-<1>3 II POCCI1WCKBH
rB3eTa 2006 4 lleKa6pH.
rJJedepuilbHbiU 3aKOH Or 28 neKa6p.ll 2010 r N<> 411-<I:03 ..0 BHeCeHl111
I1JMeHeHHw B J]ecHow KO.lleKC 11 OT1leJ1bHble 3aKOH01l3TeJ1bHble BKTbl
POCCIfj:jCKOi1 <I:oenepaUIfH» II POCClili1CKBSI raJeTa. 2010. 31.neKa6p.ll.
QJei)epa.lbHblU JaKOH OT 10 SlHBapH 2002 r N 7-<I:03 ..06 oxpaHe OK-
py}l(alOmei1 cpellbI» II C3 P$ 2002 N 2. CT. 133.
102
rJJedepGilbHbiU 3aKOH Or 30 neKa6p.ll 2008 r. N 309-<I:03 ..a BHeCeHl111
I1JMeHeHH B IDt:llepaJIbHbli1 JaKOI-! ..06 oxpal-!e 0KPY)l(alOmei1 cpenbl" If
orneJ1hHhle 3aKOHOllBT!:J1bHhle BKTbl POCCI1i1CKOi1 lDpaL[I1I1",
3aKGH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTapCTaH ..06 oxpaHe OKPY)l(alolllei1 cpenbl B
Pcn)l6J1I1K TBmpCTaw> II E!:lIoMQCTI1 rocyrrapCTaeHHoro Coar:ra TB-
T3pm!Ha 2007..Ni> 7 (<J:.I).
QJeiJepa.lbHbiU :JaKOH OT 24 I1IOJ1R 2002 r .Ni> 101-<I:03 «06 06opoTe
3eMeJ1b CeJ1bCKo:\:03SItiCTBeHHoro H33HENeHSI» II C3 Pt:!>. 2002. .Ni> 30.
CT. 3018.
QJeiJepalblfbiU JaKOH OT 29 lleKa6pS! 2010 r. .Ni> 435-413 «0 6H!:ceHI1I1
I13MeHeHHH B OTneJ1bHble 3aKOHOnaTeJlbHbie aKTbl POCCHi1cKOH <I:oenepa-
UI1If B '13CTH COBepweHCTBOBaHI1S1 060pOTa 3eMeJ1h CeJ1bCKO"QJSIWCTBel-!-
Ho.ro H33H3"1eHml» II POCCI1i1cKaH mTd 2010. 311leKd6pSl.
QJeiJepalbHbiU :JaKOH aT 14 MapTa 1995 r N 33-413 «06 oc060 ox-
paHHeMblX npl1pOIlHhlX TeppI1TOpJlX» ( C 113M) 1/ C3 PC!> 1995 N\> 12
CT. 1024.
(/)edepalbHblU JaKOH OT 23 MBpTa 2007 r. N 37-1D3 «0 BHeCeH11
113MeHeHI1i1 B <I:oenepaJIbHb! 3aKOH ..06 o.c060 o.xpaHSIeMblx npl1poll-
HhlX TepplilToplfHX If CTaTblO 263 <De!lepaJIbHOrO 3aKOHa «06 06lUX
npI1HL[nBX opraH3aL[11 3aKOHo.naTe1lbHbIX (npellCT3BI1TeJ1bHbIX)
I1CnOJ1HI1TeJ1bHblX opraHoB rocy.napcTIleHHoi1 BJlBCTIf cy6beKTOB Poc-
Cl1tiCKOi1 IDl:J:LepaL[I1I1",
3mwH Pecny6J1lfKI1 TaTapCTIlH ..06 oc060 o.>.paHHeMblX nplfPO!lHblX
T!:ppI1TOPIfSlX& II Ee)JoMocTH rocy.uapcTHeHHoro COBeTa TBTapcTaHB.
2007.NQ 12(1.J:.1I).
QJeiJeptwbHWU 3aKOH OT 24 BnpeJlSI 1995 r N\>52-<D3 ..0 )l:;I1B01HOM
Ml1pe.. (c 113M ) 1/ C3 Pt:!>. 1995. NQ 17 CT 1462
3a«GH Pecny6J1KI1 TBmpCTaH «06 o.xpaHe 11 paL[HOHaJlbHOM HC-
nOJlb306aHI1I1 )l:;11110THOro Ml1pa& II E!:lloMOCTI1 rOCYllapCTBeHHOrO Co-
BeTa TaTapcTaHa. 2007. N\> 12 (1.J:. II).
QJeiJepalbHblii 3aKOH OT 23 HO.<l6pS! 1995 r N 174-<I:03 06 3KOJlOrl'l-
'1eCKO 3Kcneprl3e» (B pen OT 11.04.2002) II C3 PC!>. 1995. N 18.
CT. 4556. 2002. N 9. CT. 3698-
QJeiJepa1bHblU JaKOH 26 IilIOH.<I 2008 r. N 96-<D3 ..a BHeCeHl11f 1f3-
MeHeHI1M B <I:oellepaJ1hHblM 33KOH 06 :JK01l0rl'l.eCKoi1 :JKcnepr3e&
QJeiJepalblfblii JaKOH OT 4 MBS! 1999 r. N 96-<D3 «06 oxpaHe BTMO-
c<JIepHoro BOJD.YX3» (B pen. aT 27.12.2009) II Pocclfi1cKa.<l rBJeTIl. 1999.
13 MaR.
3a«GH Pecny6J1KI1 TBmpCTaH «06 o.xpaHe 11 paL[HOHaJlbHOM HC-
n01lbJOBaH 3TMoc<JIepHoro» II EenoMocT rOCyAapCTBeHHoro
C06!:Ta TBTapcTaHB 2006 N 6.
QJeiJeptUbHblii 3aKOH OT 9 SlHBBpS! 1996 r. N 3-<I:03 ..0 PMI1BUlfo.H-
HOM 6e30naCHOCTI1 H3Ce1leHI1}1& (B pell. OT 27.12.2009) 1/ C3 Pt:!>. 1996.
N 3. CT. 141.
103
rJJerJepaJ/bHblU 3aKOH OT 19 1OJ1S1 1997 r. NQ 109-<I:03 ,,0 6e30naI:HOM
o6pmeHltlt I: neCTHI\lUI3MI1 11 arpoXI1MHKaTaMI1 (8 pell. OT 27 12 2009,
04.10.2010) /I C3 P$. 1997. N? 29. CT. 3510.
rA?t'lefJOiibHblU 3aKOH OT 21 111OJ1S1 1997 r. N2 116-11'>3 (B pell. OT
27.12.2009) ,,0 npOMbllllJleHHOW 6e30nBCHOCTI1 on3CHblX np0I13BO!lCT-
BeHHblX 06'beKTOB» II C3 P$. 1997. N 30 CT. 35S8.
QJeiJepa.lbHblU 3aKOH OT 10 JlHDapR 2006 r N 15-<I:03 ,,0 BHeCeHl111
If.!MeHeHH If 1I0n0J1HeHIfi1 B HeKOTopble 3aKOHo.naTeJlbHble aKTbJ Poc-
CI1WCKOH <DellepaUIJH B CBR31J C nplJHJlTHeM <De.nepaJIhHOrO 3aKOHB
,,0 nl1ueH3HpOBaHIfif OTneJIbHblX 81.J.1lQB lIeSlTeJ1bHOCTH» (c H3M. OT
30IOHJl2006r).
3aKoH PCCny6J1I1KH TampCTIlH OT 5 I1IOJlJI 2007 r N 26-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 I13MeHeHIJSI B CTaTblO 11 3aKoHa Pecny6J1KI1 TarapCTaH
..06 OTXO.naX npOlf3BO!lCTBa 11 nOl'pe6J1eHHSI» II Be!lOMOCTI1 rocy.fi3pCT-
BeHHoro COBna TBTapCTaHB. 2007. N 7 (1.1. I).
QJedepu,bHblU JBKOH OT 31 IfIOJI.II 1998 r. N 155-<I:03 ,,0 BHyrpeH-
HX MOpCKX BOll3X. TepplJTOpitaJIbHOM MOpC iii npMJ!e)!(Bweli 30He
POCCi1CKOi1 l1'>\:llepaL[IiI».
QJeiJepa.lbHblU 3aKOH OT 27 .neKa6pSl 2009 r. N 364-4>3 «0 BHeCeHl111
I13MeHeHli B <I:oenepa.bHhli1 3aKOH «0 BH)'TpeHHI1X MOpCKI1X BOllax,
TeppHTOpl1aJ1bHOM Mope 11 nplJJ1eralOlUew JOHe POCCWCKOW <I:oenepa-
L[I1I1» 11 OTlle.!lbHhle 3aKOHOllaTCJ1hHble BKTbl Poccl1i1cKoii <DClICpaUI1I1»
(]./e(JeplJlbHblu3aKOH OT 2 }IHBapSi 2000 r. NQ 20-<I:03 «0 BHeCeHl11f
113leHeHI1W 1l0nOJlHeHI1W B 3aKOH Poccl1wcKoli <DellepaL[H ..0 He-
np.n"ll Pocclilf1cKaH raJCTJ. 2000. 13 JlHBap}[.
QJeiJepa.lbHblU 3aKOH OT 30 MBPTa 1999 r NQ-6S <I:03 (c 113M) ..0 CII-
HI1TapHO-3IJ1mCMI10J10rl1"1eCKOM 6J1aronOJl)''11i111 HBctJ1eHI1}[» II C3 P$.
1999. N 14 CT. 1650.
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KIiI TBTapCTaH ,,0 CBHI1TapHO-3nW!eMI10J10rl1"1ecKO"t
6Jl3rOn0J1Y'1111f Hace.eHIfR& II Be1l0MOCTI1 roqrD.apCTBeHHoro COBeTII
TBTapCTaHB 2006
rJJerJepaJ/bHblu 3BKOH OT 17 .neKa6pSl 1998 r. N 191-<I:03 (c 113M.) ..06
I1CKJlIO'1I1TeJlbHOW 3KOHOMI1'ieCKOW 30He POCCIfWCKOW <DellepaL[I1I1& II
C3 P$. 1998. NQ 51. CT 6273.
fPeiJepanbHblu 3BKOH OT 21 1iIl0J1S1 1997 r. N 116-<I:03 ,,0 npOMbllll-
nCHHoi1 6c30n3CHocnl onacHblx npOI13BOllCTI;IeHHblX 06'heKroB» II C3 P<D
1997. N 30 CT. 3588.
3a/(oH Pccny6J1I1K TBTBpCTaH OT 5 111OJ1J1 2UU7 r N 26-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 I13MeHeHSI B CTaTblO II 3aKOHa Pecny6.11111(11 TBTapCTaH
..06 OTX01l3X npOlf3BO!lCTBa 11 nOl'pe6J1eHI1S1» /I Be!lOMOCTI1 rOCY.fi3pCT-
BeHHoro COBeTa TarapCTaHa. 2007. N> 7 (<J:. I)
QJeiJepa.lbHblU JaKOH OT 30 HOR6pSl 1995 r NQ 187-<I:03..0 KOHTIfHeH-
T1l,,"1bHOM me.!lh<JIe POCCI1WCKOW <DcllCpaL[I1I1» (c H3M) II POCCIJi:iCKaH
nl3eTa. 1995. 12 IilJOJ1J1. NQ 237; C3 P$. 1995. NQ 49. CT. 4694.
104
rJJedepl1ilbHbiU 3aKOH OT 18 111OJ1J1 2008 r. N 120-<I:03 ...0 BHeCeHl111
I1JMeHeHH If HOnOJlHeHI1i1 B l1'JepaJIbHbli1 JaKOH ,,0 KOHTI1HeHTaJlh-
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KnHlliem,uH HaUI'IOHaJlbHOi1 6eJOnaCHOCTI1 POCCHHCKOn l1'Jt:llepaUIfIf.
YTB. YKa30M npe:nill.eHTa Pt:l> OT 17 neKa6pSl 1997 r. N 1300 (B pell. OT
27 HOR6pR 2007 r) /I POCClilikKa.ll ra:JeTa 1999.26 JJ.eKa6p.ll
flOIWJlCeHUe 0 rOCYlIapCTBeHHoi1 cJ1YJK6e Ha6111Q[J,eHI1H Ja COCTOHH-
eM OKpYJKalOlllei1 Cpellhl. YTBepJK1l.CHO nocrdHOIi.eHl1eM npaBI1Te1lhCTBa
Pt:l> OT 23 aBfVCTd 2000 r. NQ 35// C3 Pt:l>. 2000. N 35 CT. 3590.
YKl13 npe.31'111eHTa Pt:l> OT 4 IOHSI 2008 r N 889 ,,0 HeKoTopblX Me-
pax no nOBblmeHl11O 3HepreTH"IeCKOH iii 3KOJlOrH"IeCKOW 3<J1<J1eKTHBHo-
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flocmaHo6MHue nneHyMB 8epxoBHoro cYHa Pt:l> OT 14 lIeKa6pJl
2000 r. N 35 ..0 HeKOTopblX BOnpOCax. B03HI1KalOlllHX nplf p3CCMOT-
pCHlf11 neJ1. CBH3aHHblX C pe3JI.113aUl1eW I1HBaJll1l1BMI1 npBB. rBpaHTIf-
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26 I1JOJ1S1 2007 r N 46 ..0 BHeceH1f1f HOnOJlHeHI1 B nOCTIlHOBJIeHlile
nJ1eHYMa BblClliero Ap6mpaJKHOrO CyJJ.3 POCCHWCKOH tDellepaUl111 OT
2 I1IOH.II 2004 r. N 10 ,,0 HeKOTopblX Bonpocax, BOJHI1KalOmlfX B
CYlle6Hoii npaKTI1Ke npl1 paCCMOTpeH nJ1 06 8JlMHI1CTpan1l!HhIX
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peryJ1l1pylOlllero OTHOllleHIfSI no 06.113aTeJ1bCTBaM BCJ1eJ:!CTBl1e npl1"1He-
105
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flocmaH06U'Hue ll11eHYMOB BepxOBHoro CYll3 Pt:l> iii Bblcwero Ap-
6lfTpB)I.(HOrO Cy.na Pt:l> OT 29 anpeJIJI 2010 r N 10/22 ..0 HeKOTopblX
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OKpy;KalOmeW CPlIbl" M . OCb-89. 2006 .
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M..2008.
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ynpaBJIeHl1e. cnoco6b1 3aml1TbI. M.: lOp I1H-T MrnC. 2006
Konbl.w8 M H. EBelleHlfe B Me)l(J1)'HapOllHOe 3KOJIOrl1"1CCKOe npaBO.
M J.13Jl-BO POCCHl;cKoro YHI1BepCI1TTa lIpyJK6bl HBpOlIOB (PYDH),
2009.
MlIphUH E.D. OpraHI1J3L[110HHo-npaBoBow MexaHH3M 3KOIJOm'l.eCKoro
Bymrrd. M.. BOJITep<: KrIyBep. 2010.
flemp060 T B IlpaBoBble npo6J1eMhl 3KOHOMIf"leCKOrO MexaHI13MB
oxpaHbl oKjJy)!(alOllIeti cpe.l\bl. M.: 3epuano, 2006.
flemp060 IO.H KpaTKI1W KYpC no 3KOJlorl1"1eCKOMY npaBY M'
OMera-11.201O
TU}'H06 D.H., Mal/oe 61 Ilpl1HUliln co6.rJlO!leHHSI Me)l(J1)'H3pO!lHblX
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CoKo'106O H A. MCJKl!yH3pOllHO-npaBOfible np06J1eMbI B c<JIep<: oxpa-
Hbl oKPY)I(alOlUdl Cpe!lb!: MOHorpal}ilil.ll. M : IlpocneKT, 2010.
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}()pl1J\l1"1eCKIiIl; L[eHTp npecc. 2010.
(]Jpo.I060 D D. IlpaBoBoe perYJ1lfpOBaHHe HCnOJlbJOBaHHR 11eCOB B
POCCI1I1. M.: 3HaHl1e. 2010.
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106
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2008.
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W1H Cl)'lIeHTOB B}l30B. J-e :w... nepepa6 11 lion M.: IOHJ1TH-nAHA,
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nYCTI1Moro B031leHCTBI1S1 Ha noroeMHble BO!lHble 061>eKTbl.
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191
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6 npl'l 3KcnJlyaTaL[I111 B01l0X0311WcTBeHHoH CI1CTeMhl 3anpelll.afTCSI"
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192
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pOBblX I1llPYfliX pa60T. CBWJaHHb!X C 113MCHeHI1CM nHa iii 6eperoB BOll-
HblX 06oeKTOB, B I1X BOJlOOXpaHHblX 30H3X. B rpaHI1L[aX oc060 l[eHHblX
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(I13'b.llTIJl) BOllHblX pecypCOB, 06.11JaHbI npl1HIiIMaTh Mephl no npellOT-
BpaweHlil10 nonauaHI1J1 pbl6 11 lIpyrHX BO!lHhlX 61J0JI0fli'leCKI1X pecypcoB
B BOJlO3a6opHhie coopy)KeHI1R. OCYllieCTBJ1J1Tb MepOnplilHTI1S1 no npellOT-
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3 OpoweHl1e, B TOM "II1CJ1e C CnOJlb30BBHl1eM CTO'-lHblX !J01l, Ka"le-
CTBO KOTOpblX eOOTBen:TByeT Tpe60BaHlfRM HOpMaTI1BOB llonYCTI1Moro
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2 J1cnOJlbJOBaHl1e BOllHhlX 061>eKTOB lLf]JI ueJ1ew np0l13BOllCTBa
3J1eKTpl1'1.eCKOH 3Heprl111 rl1Jlp03HepreTI1"1e1:KIiIMI1 06oeKTaMI1 OCYllleCTB-
JlSleTCR C y'leTOM I1HTepeCOB npyrl1x BOllOnOJlbJOBaTeJ1en, C06J1lOlIeHIfR
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193
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aJlbHhli1 peJKl1M 0CYlllecT[jJ]eHI11 X03H(\eTBeHHOI1 I1HO(\ 1I.efiTeJlbHOCTI1 B
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BOl1HblX 06'beKTOB iii I1CTOmeHH X BOn. B TaKJKe coxpaHeHSI cpe.Qhl
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JalUl'ITHble nOJlOCbl. Ha TepplfTOplf.llX KOTOphlX BBOllHTCH 1I0n0J1HIfTeJ1b-
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3) err nHTI1.QeCJlTI1 KJ10MeTpOIl iii 60J1ee - II pa3Mepe .QIIYXCOT
MeTpoB
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err IiICTOKa 110 YCTbH B01l00xpaHHaH 30Ha COBnan.aeT C npIf6pe)!(Hoi:i 3a-
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8 BOJIQOXpaHHble 30Hbi peK, IiIX "IBcTei1. nOMemeHHblX B 3aKpblTbie
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194
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Ha TaKIiIX TeppTopmlX YCTaHaMHBaeTCSI OT napaJleTa Ha6epe)l(Hoi1. nplil
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3alUI:ITHOW nOJlOCbl H3MeplieTCR OT 6eperoBoH JlIiIHI1I1
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3) OCYlUeCTBJleHl1e aBHaUI10HHbiX Mep no 60pb6e C B)JeJ1I1TeJ1.11MI1 11
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raM 11 CTO.llHKIiI Ha 1I0porax 11 B CneUl1aJ1bHO 060pYllOBaHHbiX MeCTax,
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c'lpOI1TeJ1bCTBo. peKoHcTpYKUHSI, BBOlI B 3KCnJ1yaTaUI1IO. 3KCnJ1yaTaUI1H
X03Rik"reeHHhIX 11 I1HblX 06'beKTOB npl1 YCJ10BI1I1 060pynoBaHI1J1 TaKI1X
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MBJIbHO BQ3MOJKHoro I1CnOJlb30BaHIfSI I1MeJOml1XCH C(JJI 11 Cpe1lCTB.
3 J1I1KBH1I3L[IfR He6J1aronOJl)"IHoH 3KOJlOrH"IeCKOW cliIl)'al[HH ocY-
weCTBJI.IIeTC CIfJl.3MI1 11 Cpe1lCTBaMI1 opraHoB rocynapCTBeHHoi1 BJIaCTI
Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH. a TaJ<)Ke opraHoB MeCTHoro caMoynpaBJIeHI1S1.
opraHl13aL[I1W, H3 TeppTOpl1l1 KOTOPblX CJ10JKJlaCb 3KOJlorl1"1eCK He-
6J1aronOJlY'1Ha CI1TyaL[I1H
CTaTbH 17(). rJl3CHOCTb 11 IiIH<JIOPMaL[I1.11 B 06J13CTH JalUHTbl H3CeJle-
HIfH 11 TepplilTOpl1i1 OT He6J1aronoJlY'lHoi1 3KOJIOrl"leCKoi1 cl1TyaUI11i1
I. (IIHI)JOPMaLll1S1 B 06J13CTH 3all.!l1Tbl HaCeJleHJI 11 Teppl1TOpl1ti OT
He6J1aronOJl)"lHoii 3KOJIorl1'1.eCKOW CI1TYaL[l1l1, a TaK)I{C 0 ne.llTCJlbHOCTI1
opraHoB rOcyllapcTBeHHoH BJl3CTI1. opraHoB MeCTHoro caMoynpaBJIeHR
11 OpraHHJaUI1i1 B 3TOI1 06J1aCTI1 J1BJl.!leTC rJlaCHoi1 11 OTKpbITOi1. eCJlI1
I1HOe He npeJlyCMOTpeHO 3aKOH01l.dTeJlhCTBOM.
2. COKpblnle, HeClIoeBpeMeHHOC npe1lCT3BJleHC JlI160 npClIeTaBJIe-
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TI1 3aWlfTbi HBCe:JeHI1S1 11 Teppl1TOpHW OT He6J1aronOJl)"lHOW 3KOJlOrH"Ie-
CKOi1 CIITyJLlI1I1 BJlelJeT 3a c060i1 OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb B COOTBeTCTIJl11-1 C
3aKOH01l3TC.bCTBOM.
CTaTbH l71. BQJMelUeHl1e IIpe.rrn JlIiIU3M. nOCTpaJIaBlliI1M BCJlellCTBl1e
He6J1aronOJl)"lHoii 3KOJlOrl1"1eCKOW CI1l)'aIlHI1
JII1Qa. nOCl'paJIaBWl1e BCJlellCTBlfe 3KO;'lOrl1"1eCKI'I He6J1aronOJlYlJHoi1
cl1TyaLll1I1. I1MelOT npaBO Ha B03MeWeHI1e npl1'1Ii1HeHHoro 11M Bpella. 8
TaKJKe till COLWIaJIbHYIO JaWI11Y B 11J1 C JaKOHOllaTeJlhCTBOM
Pa11leJl XVII. 3aKJIJO<II1TeJlbHble nOJlOJKeHH.!I
CTan.R 172. BCT)'nJleHl1e B crlJlY HaCTO.llwero KOlleKca
HacTOJIIl.!l1i1 KOlleKC Bcrynaer B CI1J1y no IiICTe"leH 10 nHei1 co nH.II
ero o<JIIiIUHaJlhHOrO ony6J1Ii1KOBaHI1f1
223
CTaTMI 173. npl13H3HI1e BIlIIiIMI1 CI111y OTlIeJlbHblX 3aKOHOlla-
TeJlbHblX aKTOB Pccny6J1I1KH TaTapCTaH
npH3H3Tb yrpaTHBWi1MH CI1J1Y co nHSl BCT)'nJleHi1S1 B CHJlY HaCTOH-
mere KOl1eKca'
JaKoH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapcraH OT 2 I1JOJlH 1997 rQlJ,a NQ 1241 ..06
oxpaHe 11 PflUHOHaJlbHOM i1CnOJlb30BaHI1I1 >KI'IBOTHOro Mi1pa» (8elloMo-
CTI'I fOCY1l3pCTBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapCTaH3. 1997. NQ 7);
J'lKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapcT3H OT 2 I1JO.H 1997 rOJ\a NQ 1243 ..06
or..QD,dX npolil3BollCTBB H norpe6J1eHI1S1" (8eJ\oMocTI1 focynapcTBeHHoro
COHeTa TaTapcTaHa, 1997. NQ 7);
3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 18 ceHTH6pH 1997 rOJla NQ 1303
..0 paCTI1TeJlhHOM "'l1pe.. (8eJ\oMocTI1 focynapCTBeHHoro COBeTa Tamp-
CTaHa.1997,NQ 10);
3aKoH PCCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 16 OKTH6pH 1997 rOlla NQ 1360
..06 oc060 oxpaHSIeMblX npl1pOJ\HblX TppI1TOpHX" (8J\OMOCTI1 foey-
napcn;eHHoro COBeTa T3TapCTaH3, 1997. N'! II),
3aKoH Pecny6J1HKI1 TaTapcTaH OT 21 OKTH6pH 1999 rolla NQ 2442
..06 oxpaHe 11 paL[I10HaJlbHOM CllOJ1b30lJaHI1I1 aTMocepHoro B0311yxB"
(8elloMocTI1 rocynapCTBeHHoro COBem TaTapCTaHii, 1999, N II).
3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KH TarapcTaH OT 22 eBpaJISi 2001 rOll3 NQ 648
..0 BHeceHl111 H3MeHeHI1W B 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1K11 TaTapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe
11 paL[110HaJlhHO'" I1CnOJlh30BaHI111 )KBOT]ioro Ml1pa.. (8elloMoeTH focy-
napcmeHHoro COBe'JJ TaTapcTaHa, 2001. N'! 3);
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KH TaTapcTaH OT 22 eBpaJISi 2001 r01l3 NQ 649
..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH ..06 oxpaHe
11 paUI10HfLlbHOM HCnOJlb30BaHI1I1 3TMocepHoro B01lJ.YXdo> (8elloMocTI1
focynapcTBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapCTaHa, 2001. NQ 3);
JaKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTflH OT 25 OKT.II6pR 2001 r01l3 N 1144
..0 BHCCCHIiIIiI 113MCHeHi1W B 3aKoH PCCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH ..06 OTX01l3X
np0l13BOIICTBa iii nOTpe6J1HIf.SI0> (8ellm,tOeTI fOcY1l.3PCTIJeHHoro COBTa
TaTapcTaHa. 2001, NQ II);
3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH OT 15 OKT.II6pH 2002 rOlla N'! 16-3PT
..0 BHeCCHl111 113MeHeHHi1 11 nOnOJlHeHHSI B 3aKOH Pecny6J1i1KI1 TaTap-
CTaH «06 oc050 oxpaHSIeMblx nplilpollHblX TeppHTOpI'lSl>C:. (8CIIOMOCTI1
focynapCTBeHHoro COHeTa TarapcraHa, 2002. NQ 10),
3aKoH Pecny6JU1KIiI TaTapCTaH OT 21 OKTH6pR 2003 rOlla N2 45-3PT
..0 HHeCeHl111 3MeHeHlili1 11 1I0no11HeHI1i1 B 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TiiTap-
CTaH ..0 pacTHTCJlbHOM Ml1pe» (8elloMocTI1 focynapCTI!eHHOrO COBeTa
TaTapCTaHa,2003,NQ 10);
3aKOH Pecny6.IIHKI1 TaTJ.pcT3H OT 25 eBpa.rlH 2004 rona N'! 7-3PT
..0 BHeCeHHi1 li13MeHeHI1W B 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH ..0 paCTH-
TeJlbHOM Mlilpe.. (8eJ\oMocTI1 fOCYll3pcTBeHHoro CoBeTd TaTapcTflHa.
2004.NQ2(1'lacTb);
224
JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KH T:napCTaH OT 24 MapTa 2004 raJla Ni> 20-3PT
..0 BHeceH1iI1iI I1JMeHeHI1i1 B 3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KH TaTapcTaH ..06 OTXOllaX
npOI1JBOLlCTBa nOTpe6J1HIfSI» (BeJlOMOCTIi fOcYlIBpcTlleHHoro COBna
TaTBpcTaHa. 2004, NQ 3 (II 'l3CTb);
3aKOH Pecny6J1I1K TaTapCTaH OT 24 Mapm 2004 rOl1a NQ 22-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 JMeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTflH «06 oxpaHe
11 paUl10HaJlbHOM IiICnOJlb30BaHI1I1 aTMocepHoro oo:m.yxiI» (BeOOHOCl11
focynapcTBeHHoro COHem TaTapCTaHa, 2004. NQ 3 (11 "IaCTb);
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI'I TaTapcTaH OT 26 MapTa 2004 ro.rr.a Ni> 28-3PT
..0 BHeceH1111 113MeHeHI1fi 11 1l0nOJlHeHlilii B 3aKOH PeCIJy6J1I1KIiI Ta-
TapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paUl10HaJlbHOM IiICnOJlbJ08aHIiII1 >KI1BOTHOro
Ml1pa» (BeiloMocTI1 focYlIapcTBeHHoro COBeTa TampCT3H3, 2004.
NQ3 (V "IaCTb).
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1K11 TaTapcTaH OT 28 I1JOHSI 2004 r01l3 N2 38-3PT
..06 oxpaHe OKpYJKaJOll{ew CPLlbl B Pecny6J1I1Ke TBmpcraH» (Be.LIOMO-
CTI'I fOCYllaPCTBeHHOrO COBeTa TaTapcTaHa. 2004. Ni> 6);
3aKOH Pecny6J1KI1 TampcraH OT 16 HO.ll6p 2004 rOM N 53-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 IiIJMeHeHI1i1 B 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KH TaTapcTaH «06 o.'<paHe
11 paUI10Ha.lbHOM IiICnOJlb30BaHI111 aTMocepHoro BO:my'W» (BeLloMocTI1
focynapCTBeHHoro COHeTfl TarapcraHa, 2004. NQ II),
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI'I TaTapcTaH OT 8 neKa6p 2004 roJla NQ 61-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 JMeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH ..06 oxpaHe
11 paUI10HaJlbHOM I1CnOJlbJOBaHl111 )l(IiIBOTHOro Ml1pa» (Be1l0MOCTH rocy-
.uapcTBeHHoro COBera TaTapcTaHa, 2004. NQ 12 (II "IaCTb);
JaKOH Pecny6J1I1K TaTapcTaH or 6 OKT.II6p 2005 rana Ni> 98-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 1i13MeHeHI1W B 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapcraH ..06 01:060
oxpaHSIeMblx npnpOllHblX Teppl1TOplfSlX» (B!:JJ.QMOcrl1 rOCYllapCTBeHHoro
COBeTa TaTapcTaHa, 2005. NQ 10 (I "I3CTb);
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KIiI TBTapCTaH OT 6 OKT6p 2005 rOJla NQ 99-3PT
..0 BHeceH1iI1iI I1JMeHeHI1i1 B JaKOH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TampcTaH ..06 ODrollJX
npO31J0LlCTBa iii nOTpc6;JCHI111» (BenoMocTIi fOCY1I.3PCTBCHHoro COBCn!
TaTapcTaHa, 2005, Ni> 10(1 "IacTb).
3aKoH PeCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 28 HOH6pR 2005 r01l3 NQ 114-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 JMeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TaTapcraH ..06 oxpaHe
11 paUI10HaJlbHOM I1CnOJlh30BaHI111 >KIiIBOTHOro Ml1pa» (Be1l0MOCTH focy-
1I.3pCTBeHHoro COHera TaTapcTaH3, 2005. N II);
3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KI'I TaTapcTaH OT 27 anpeJlSl 2006 rOlla NQ 31-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 1i13MeHeHI1W II 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1K11 TaTapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe
11 paLll10HaJlbHOM I1CnOilh30BaHI111 }I(l1BOTHOro Ml1pa» (Be.r:IoMOCTH rocy-
1I.3pCTBeHHoro COBera TaTapcTaHa. 2006. NQ 4);
JaKOH Pel:ny6J1I1KI1 TaTapCTaH or 21 I1JOHSI 2006 rOM Ni> 43-3PT
..0 BHeceH1iI1iI I1JMeHeHI1i1 B 3axOH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH ..06 OTXOllaX
npOJBOLlCTB3 iii nOTpe6J1I:HI111» (Be1l0MOCTIi fOcYlIBpcTBeHHoro COBna
TaTapcTaHa. 2006, NQ 6 (I "IaCTb);
225
JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTaH or 21 I1JOHSI 2006 ro.aa NQ 44-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 1i13MeHeHI1e:1 B 3aKoH Pecny6J1I1KH TarnpcrnH ..06 o.'<paHe
11 paUI10Ha'IbHOM CIlOJ1b30BaHI1I1 BTMocepHOro B03II)"GJ." (Be1l0MOCTI1
focyn.apcTBeHHoro COBeTa TBrapcTaHB, 2006. Nt! 6 (I '1aCTb).
3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapcTaH OT 22 I1JOHSI 2006 rOlla NQ 47-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTBH ..06 oxpaHe
oKpy;t<aJOwei1 Cpellbl B Pecny6J1I1Ke TBTapcTaH" (BelloMocTIi focynapcT-
BeHHOro COBeTa TarBpcraHa. 2006, N 6 (I <iaCTb),
3aKoH Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTapcTaH OT 5 I1IOJlJI 2007 r01l3 NQ 26-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 113'>teHeHIiIJI B CTaTblO II 331WHB PeCny6J1I1KI1 TBTapcTaH
..06 OTXOllax npOlillllOD.Cml 11 nOTpe6J1eHIfJI" (B!:JJ.QMOCTI1 focynapcT-
BeHHOrO COBeTa TBTapcraHa. 2007, NQ 7 (I 'l.3CTb);
JaKOH Pecny6J1KI1 TaTapCTaH aT 5 I1IOJl.ll 2007 ro.aa N 27-3PT
..0 RHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H 3aKOH Pecny6J1I1KI1 TBTapcraH ..06 oxpaHe
oKpy;t<aJOrncw Cpellhl B Pecny6J1I1Ke TBTapcTBH" (BenoNOCllI fOCYD.3PCT-
BeHHOrO COBeTII TBTapcraHa. 2007, NQ 7 (I 'I.aCTb);
JaKOH Pecny6m.IKIiI TarapcTaH OT 29 lIeKa6pH 2007 ron.a Nt! 70-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1W H JaKOH Pel:ny6J1I1KI1 TarapCTBH ..06 oxpaHe
11 paL[I10HaJlhHOM I1CnOJlh30BaHI111 )KIiIBOTHOro Ml1pa.. (8e1l0MOCTH focy-
napcTBeHHoro CODeTa TaTapcTaHB, 2007. NQ 12 (II "I3CTb);
JaKOH Pecny6J1I1KIiI TarapcTaH OT 31 lIeKa6pH 2007 ron.a Nt! 74-3PT
..0 BHeCeHl111 3MeHeHI1" H 3aKOH Pel:ny6J1I1KI1 TarBpcraH ..06 oc060
oxpaHSIeMblx nplJpOllHblX Teppl1TOplfSlX" (B!:.1\OMOcrl1 rOCYllapCTBeHHoro
COBeTa TaTapcTaHB, 2007. NQ 12 (II "I3CTb);
. nOCTaHOBJIeHlile focynapCTBeHHOrO COBeTa Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTap-
CTaH OT 23 JlHBapll 1997 rOj](! NQ 1007 ..0 nOpRllKe BBClIeHIfR B
lIdkTBl1e 3aKOHa Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 T mapCTaH ..06 OTXOD.3X npO3-
BOl\Cml11 nOTpe6JJeHI1I1» (Be1l0MOCTI1 focYllapcToeHHoro COBera
TBTapcTaHB. 1991, NQ 7);
. nocTaHOBJIeHe focynapCTBeHHoro COBeTa Pecny6J1KI1 TBTBp-
CTaH or 26 MBpTa 1997 rolla N 1100 ..0 nOpllllKe BBetleHI1R B
lIei1cTBl1e 3aKoHB Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTapcTaH ..06 oxpaHe 11 paul'lo-
HaJlhHOM IiICnOJlb30eaHI111 )KI1BOTHOrO Ml1pa.. (Be1l0MOCTI1 focy-
.napcrBeHHoro COBeTa TaTapcTaHB, 1997. N<! 7);
. nOL"TaHOBJIeHlile focynapcTBeHHoro CooeTa PeCny6J1Ii1KI1 TaTap-
CTaH OT 23 MBJI 1997 ro.aa N 116 ..0 EBelleH1111 B neiiCTIJl1e Ja-
KOHa Pecny6J1Ii1KI1 TBTapCTaH ..0 p3CTI1TeJlbHOM Ml1pe.. (Be11OMo-
CfI1 rOCYllapCTBeHHoro COBeTa TampcraHa. 1997. NQ (0).
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