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Bluetooth HCI Transport Driver
Customer Document

Version:
Release date:

3.0
2011-12-08

© 2008 - 2011 MediaTek Inc.
This document contains information that is proprietary to MediaTek Inc.
Unauthorized reproduction or disclosure of this information in whole or in part is strictly prohibited.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.

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Document Revision History

Revision

Date

Author

Description

0.1

2010-05-24

CH Yeh

Initial Draft

0.2

2010-06-05

Chunhui Li

Second version

0.3

2010-06-18

Chunhui Li

Third version

1.0

2010-06-18

Chunhui Li

1.0 official version

2.0

2010-11-26

Enlai Chu

Update for Android 2.2(MTK BT solution)

2.1

2011-09-19

Tingting Lei

Update for MT6622/MT6626

3.0

2011-11-10

Tingting Lei

Merge all supported Bluetooth controllers (standalone chip &
combo chip)

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Table of Contents

Document Revision History .................................................................................................................. 2
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... 3
1

Introduction................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1

1.2
1.3

2

Design............................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1

2.2

3

3.2

User Space Functions ........................................................................................................ 11
3.1.1
mtk ...................................................................................................................... 11
3.1.2
bt_restore ........................................................................................................... 11
Kernel Functions ................................................................................................................. 12
3.2.1
mt_bt_power_on / mt_bt_power_off................................................................... 12
3.2.2
mt_bt_enable_irq/ mt_bt_disable_irq ................................................................. 12
3.2.3
mt_bt_eirq_handler ............................................................................................ 12

Customization ............................................................................................................................. 14
4.1

4.2

4.3
4.4
4.5

5

Architecture........................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1
MT661x/MT6622/MT6626 .................................................................................... 6
2.1.2
MT6620 ................................................................................................................ 7
Procedure & Flow ................................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1
MT661x/MT6622/MT6626 .................................................................................... 9
2.2.2
MT6620 .............................................................................................................. 10

Interface....................................................................................................................................... 11
3.1

4

Software/Hardware Environment ......................................................................................... 4
1.1.1
Software Environment .......................................................................................... 4
1.1.2
Hardware Environment ........................................................................................ 4
Functionality.......................................................................................................................... 4
Hardware Background .......................................................................................................... 4
1.3.1
Hardware component used in this driver.............................................................. 4
1.3.2
Hardware connection ........................................................................................... 4

Firmware Configurations in NVRAM .................................................................................. 14
4.1.1
MT661x .............................................................................................................. 15
4.1.2
MT6620 .............................................................................................................. 17
4.1.3
MT6622/26 ......................................................................................................... 21
Bluetooth Related GPIO Pins ............................................................................................. 28
4.2.1
MT661x/MT6622/MT6626 .................................................................................. 28
4.2.2
MT6620 .............................................................................................................. 28
Bluetooth UART port and baud rate Customization ........................................................... 29
Bluetooth Chip Selection .................................................................................................... 29
Bluetooth Firmware patch Update ...................................................................................... 30

Build............................................................................................................................................. 31
5.1
5.2

Source Code Structure & File Description.......................................................................... 31
Build Option ........................................................................................................................ 31

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Introduction

1.1

Software/Hardware Environment

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1

1.1.1

Software Environment

Driver discussed in this document is designed based on Linux Kernel 2.6.35 and Android 2.3.
Bluetooth protocol stack is BlueAngel.

1.1.2

Hardware Environment

Driver discussed in this document can run on the devices with MT6573. Bluetooth Controller covers
standalone chip MT6611/MT6612/MT6616/MT6622/MT6626 and combo chip MT6620.
Notice:
MT661x is not supported on MT6573 currently, it runs on MT6516.

1.2

Functionality

This driver is used to provide an HCI transport driver. The main functionality is
(1) To power up/down Bluetooth controller.
(2) To handle external interrupt generated by Bluetooth controller.
(3) To init Bluetooth controller.
On combo chip MT6620, power and interrupt are centralized controlled by low-layer WMT driver, so
only the last function is performed here.

1.3

1.3.1

Hardware Background

Hardware component used in this driver

Following Bluetooth controllers are supported:
MT6611/MT6612/MT6616/MT6622/MT6626, in which MT6616/MT6626 are the controllers with
Bluetooth/FM features;
MT6620 combo chip, the controller with Bluetooth/Wi-Fi/GPS/FM features together.

1.3.2

Hardware connection

UART Tx/Rx are used to exchange HCI packets between controller and MT6573. An external interrupt
is used to wake up MT6573.

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VBAT

LDO

BT_PWR_EN
BT_RESET

MT6573

RTCCLK_32k

Controller

EINT

MT6622/26

UART
PCM

Figure 1 MT6573 and MT6622/26 connection

VBAT

LDO

PMU_EN
RST

RTCCLK_32k

MT6573

GPS_SYNC
EINT

MT6620

I2S

UART
PCM

SDIO

Figure 2 MT6573 and MT6620 connection

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Design

2.1

Architecture

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2

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Bluetooth transport driver invoked by BlueAngel stack mtkbt to initialize Bluetooth controllers.

2.1.1

MT661x/MT6622/MT6626

Figure 3 Android System Architecture (standalone BT chip)

Use rfkill to power on/off Bluetooth controller, write rfkill state: /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill0/state.

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BlueAngel

Transport
ttySn Driver
(libhciattach_mtk.so)

Power On

Init chip library
(libbluetoothinit_mtk.so)

User Space

Linux Kernel

UART Driver

BT Power On/Off

Hardware

Bluetooth
Chip

Figure 4 Android Bluetooth Architecture (standalone BT chip)

2.1.2

MT6620

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Figure 5 Android System Architecture (combo chip)

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BlueAngel

Transport
ttySn Driver
(libhciattach_mtk.so)

Power On

Init chip library
(libbluetoothinit_mtk.so)

/dev/stpbt

WMT Driver

STP Driver

UART Driver

MT6620

Figure 6 Android Bluetooth Architecture (combo chip)

2.2

Procedure & Flow

The following describes the procedure & flow of Bluetooth transport driver.

2.2.1

MT661x/MT6622/MT6626

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libhciattach_mtk.so libbluetoothinit_mtk.so

ttySn

Board.c

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mtkbt

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Power On

Open uart

mtk()

…

…

…

Bt_restore()

Close uart

Power Off

Figure 7 Bluetooth initialize and de-initialize procedure (standalone chip)

2.2.2

MT6620

mtkbt

Libhciattach_mtk.so

libbluetoothinit_mtk.so

stpbt

Power On

Open stpbt

mtk()

…

…

Bt_restore()

Close stpbt

Power Off

Figure 8 Bluetooth initialize and de-initialize procedure (combo chip)

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Interface

3.1

User Space Functions

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3

Path: alps/mediate/source/external/bluetooth/driver/mtk.c

3.1.1

mtk

Initialize Bluetooth controller.
Interface of libhciattach_mtk.so, which will load libbluetoothinit_mtk.so to perform chip initialize
procedure. It is called by mtkbt executable.
Prototype

int mtk(int fd, struct uart_t *u, struct termios *ti)
Description

This function implements the MTK chip init procedure.
Parameters
In

fd

UART serial port file descriptor

in

u

Struct defined in hci_attach.c for uart parameter transfer.

in

ti

Unused.

Return Value

0: success;
Otherwise: error

3.1.2

bt_restore

Interface of libhciattach_mtk.so, which will load libbluetoothinit_mtk.so to deinit BT chip if needed. It is
called by mtkbt executable.
Prototype

int bt_restore(int fd)
Description

This function will restore the BT chip to initial state if needed.
Parameters
In

fd

UART serial port file descriptor

Return Value

0: success;
Otherwise: error

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Kernel Functions

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3.2

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3.2.1

mt_bt_power_on / mt_bt_power_off

Path: alps/mediate/custom/[project]/kernel/core/src/board.c

Power on/off Bluetooth controller.
Not used on combo chip MT6620, the power is controlled centralize in WMT driver.
Prototype

void mt_bt_power_on (void)
Parameters

Return Value
void

Prototype

void mt_bt_power_off (void)
Parameters

Return Value
void

3.2.2

mt_bt_enable_irq/ mt_bt_disable_irq

Path: alps/mediate/custom/[project]/kernel/core/src/board.c
Enable/disable BT EINT (external interrupt).
Not used on combo chip MT6620, the EINT is controlled in WMT driver.
Prototype

void mt_bt_enable_irq (void)
Parameters

Return Value
Void

Prototype

void mt_bt_disable_irq (void)
Parameters

Return Value
void

3.2.3

mt_bt_eirq_handler

Path: alps/mediate/platform/mt6573/kernel/core/mt_bt.c
BT interrupt handler, which is called when EINT comes.
Not used on combo chip MT6620.

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Prototype

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void mt_bt_eirq_handler (void* param)
Parameters

Return Value
Void

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Customization

4.1

Firmware Configurations in NVRAM

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4

Customer can change BT firmware configurations stored in NVRAM, address index
AP_CFG_RDEB_FILE_BT_ADDR_LID. Those settings will be set to controller by vendor-specific HCI
commands.
BT NVRAM data structure is different by chipsets:
MT661x:

MT6620:

MT6622/26:

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Customer can use AP NVRAM Editor to modify the default values stored in NVRAM.

4.1.1

4.1.1.1

MT661x

Bluetooth Address

Parameter

Bluetooth address

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Bytes

Parameter Description
Byte 0:0x4c
Byte 1:0x12
Byte 2:0x66
Byte 3:0x46
Byte 4:0x8e
Byte 5:0x76

6

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Bluetooth Calibration Data

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In Radio Frequency Test Spec, it is specified that “Each of the EUT’s carrier frequency f0 as measured
must be within ±75 kHz from the EUT’s chosen nominal carrier frequency fTX. To pass this test item,
we need some instruments, such as CBT Bluetooth Tester to help us measure the carrier frequency,
and a mechanism to adjust the carrier frequency when it is too high or too low.
The calibration data is stored in NVRAM, which may be requested to change by customer.

Parameter

Bytes

Default
(Byte
0:
LSB)

Parameter Description

This parameter is provided to adjust the carrier frequency when it is too
high or too low.
Cap ID has 26 scales, an example of the effect on the carrier frequency
when adjusting Cap ID value is shown in below table:

Cap ID

4.1.1.3

Byte
0:0x40

1

Bluetooth PCM Configuration

Below parameters are used for setting PCM format.

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Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Bytes

Parameter Description

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Parameter

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xxxxx000: PCM clock output at 128KHz
xxxxx001: PCM clock output at 1024KHz
xxxxx010: PCM clock output at 63KHz
xxxxx011: PCM clock input mode
xxxxx100: PCM clock output at 256KHz
xxxxx101: PCM clock output at 512KHz
xxxxx11x: Reserved

PCM Setting:
VCI_CLK_SEL &
VCI_CLK_SEL_MAP

PCM Setting: VCI
Sync Direction

1

Byte 0:0x23

xxxx0xxx: Input (slave)
xxxx1xxx: Output (master)

PCM Setting: PCM
1M CLK

xxx0xxxx: PCM clock input < 1MHz
xxx1xxxx: PCM clock input >=1MHz

PCM Setting: Frame
Sync Format

xx0xxxxx: Long Frame Sync
xx1xxxxx: Short Frame Sync

PCM Setting: LSB or
MSB first

x0xxxxxx: MSB first
x1xxxxxx: LSB first

PCM Setting: Sign
Extension

0xxxxxxx: Zero padding
1xxxxxxx: Sign Extension

4.1.2

4.1.2.1

MT6620

Bluetooth Address

Parameter

Bluetooth address

4.1.2.2

Bytes

Parameter Description
Byte 0:0x8b
Byte 1:0x20
Byte 2:0x66
Byte 3:0x46
Byte 4:0x90
Byte 5:0x5e

6

Bluetooth Voice Configuration

Below parameters are used for default voice settings for SCO connection.
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Parameter

Bytes

Voice Setting

4.1.2.3

2

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x60
Byte 1:0x00

Parameter Description

Please refer to Bluetooth Core Specification
V2.1,volume 2, part E

Bluetooth PCM Configuration

Below parameters are used for setting PCM format.

Parameter

Bytes

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

PCM Setting:
VCI_CLK_SEL &
VCI_CLK_SEL_MAP

1

Byte 0:0x23

Parameter Description

xxxxx000: PCM clock output at 128KHz
xxxxx001: PCM clock output at 1024KHz
xxxxx010: PCM clock output at 63KHz
xxxxx011: PCM clock input mode
xxxxx100: PCM clock output at 256KHz
xxxxx101: PCM clock output at 512KHz
xxxxx11x: Reserved

PCM Setting: VCI
Sync Direction

xxxx0xxx: Input (slave)
xxxx1xxx: Output (master)

PCM Setting: PCM
1M CLK

xxx0xxxx: PCM clock input < 1MHz
xxx1xxxx: PCM clock input >=1MHz

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Bytes

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Parameter Description

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Parameter

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PCM Setting: Frame
Sync Format

xx0xxxxx: Long Frame Sync
xx1xxxxx: Short Frame Sync

PCM Setting: LSB or
MSB first

x0xxxxxx: MSB first
x1xxxxxx: LSB first

PCM Setting: Sign
Extension

0xxxxxxx: Zero padding
1xxxxxxx: Sign Extension

PCM Setting: Bit
width

xxx00000-xxx11111: Valid bit for PCM Setting

PCM Setting: PCM
setting format

1

Byte 1:0x10

x00xxxxx: PCM setting format

PCM Setting:
PCM_32BIT

1xxxxxxx: PCM Setting in 32 bit mode

PCM Setting:
RX_BYTE_SWAP

xxxxxxx0: In 32bit mode RX use SWAP or not

PCM Setting:
TX_BTYE_SWAP

xxxxxx0x: In 32bit mode TX use SWAP or not

PCM Setting:
TWO_WORD

1

Byte 2:0x00

xxxxx0xx: In 32bit mode, two word or not.

PCM Setting:
16K_SYNC

xxxx0xxx: sync in 8K or 16K.

Reserved

4.1.2.4

1

Byte 3:0x00

Reserved

Bluetooth RF Configuration

Below parameters are used for default RF settings.

Parameter

Bytes

Radio Init power

1

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Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x06

Parameter Description

Initial RF output power step, range: 0~7.
Decreasing the value 1 decrease the output
power about 4dB.

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Bytes

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Parameter Description

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Parameter

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Peer power monitor
period

2

Byte 1:0x80
Byte 2:0x00

Internal Setting

2

Byte 3:0x06
Byte 4:0x03

Tx max power level

1

Byte 5:0x06

4.1.2.5

This parameter controls the frequency to scan
each active link and determine if power levels
should be adjusted.
Internal Setting

Max power step of RF output power, range:
0~7.

Bluetooth Sleep Mode Configuration

Below parameters are used for setting Bluetooth sleep mode.

Parameter

Low power
mode

Bytes

sleep

1

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x03

Non sleep duration

2

Byte 1:0x40
Byte 2:0x1F

Host
non
duration

2

Byte 1:0x40
Byte 2:0x1F

Wake up host pin

1

Byte 4:0x00

Timing compensation
slots

1

Byte 5:0x04

sleep

Parameter Description

0x00: Disable low power mode
0x03: Enable low power mode

When there is no activity on UART TX/RX in
last “Non sleep duration”, BT may go into low
power state.
When there is no activity on UART TX/RX in
last “Host non sleep duration”, host may go into
low power state.
GPIO pin number of BT to wakeup host.

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Duration of timing compensation after wakeup.

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TX Power Channel Offset Compensation

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4.1.2.6

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The channel compensation may be requested to change by customer if he cares about the channel
flatness at BPF-out, because the channel flatness at BPF-out will change by different BPF. Therefore,
MTK provides a method to let the modification be easy for customer. The channels are separated to
three groups, so the NVRAM need three bytes to save the compensation offset. The default value of
the three bytes is {0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF}.

Parameter

Tx Power Offset

4.1.3

4.1.3.1

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Bytes

3

Byte 0:0xFF
Byte 1:0xFF
Byte 2:0xFF

Parameter Description

The channel flatness at BPF-out will be
changed by different BPF.

MT6622/26

Bluetooth Address

Parameter

Bluetooth address

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Bytes

6

Parameter Description

Byte 0, 4, 5 are auto generated.
MT6622 example:
Byte 0:0x4c
Byte 1:0x22
Byte 2:0x66
Byte 3:0x46

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Parameter

Bytes

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Parameter Description

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Byte 4:0x8e
Byte 5:0x76

MT6626 example:

Byte 0:0x4c
Byte 1:0x26
Byte 2:0x66
Byte 3:0x46
Byte 4:0x8e
Byte 5:0x76

4.1.3.2

Bluetooth Calibration Setting

Parameter

Bytes

Cap ID

4.1.3.3

1

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x40

Parameter Description

Please refer to 4.1.1.2.

Bluetooth Link Key Type Configuration

Link key is used for all security transactions between two Bluetooth devices. It can either be a
combination key or one of the device’s unit key. Below parameters are used for setting default link key
type.

Parameter

Bytes

Link Key Type

4.1.3.4

1

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x01

Parameter Description

00: Unit key
01: Combination key

Bluetooth Unit Key Configuration

Below parameters are used for setting default unit key value stored in Bluetooth controller.

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Parameter

Bytes

Unit Key

4.1.3.5

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Parameter Description

Unit key is disabled, link key uses combination
key now.

16

Bluetooth Encryption Configuration

Encryption key is generated during authentication process, if encryption mode is on. Below
parameters are used for default encryption settings.

Parameter

Bytes

Encryption mode

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1

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x00

Parameter Description

0x00: Encryption mode OFF
0x03: Encryption mode ON

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Bytes

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Parameter Description

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Parameter

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Min Key Size

1

Byte 1:0x02

Max Key Size

1

Byte 2:0x10

4.1.3.6

Encryption key is generated between this size
limit.

Bluetooth Pin Code Type Configuration

Below parameters are used for setting the pin code type used for pairing.

Parameter

Bytes

Pin Code Type

4.1.3.7

1

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x00

Parameter Description

00: Variable PIN
01: Fixed PIN

Bluetooth Voice Configuration

Parameter

Bytes

Voice Setting

2

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Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x60
Byte 1:0x00

Parameter Description

Please refer to 4.1.2.2.

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Page 24 of 31

Bluetooth PCM Configuration

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4.1.3.8

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Parameter

Bytes

PCM Setting

4.1.3.9

4

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x23
Byte 1:0x00
Byte 2:0x00
Byte 3:0x00

Parameter Description

Please refer to 4.1.2.3.

Bluetooth RF Configuration

Parameter

Bytes

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Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Parameter Description

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Bytes

Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Parameter Description

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Parameter

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Radio Setting

4.1.3.10

6

Byte 0:0x06
Byte 1:0x80
Byte 2:0x00
Byte 3:0x06
Byte 4:0x03
Byte 5:0x06

Please refer to 4.1.2.4.

Bluetooth Sleep Mode Configuration

Parameter

Bytes

Sleep Mode

7

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Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x03
Byte 1:0x40
Byte 2:0x1F
Byte 1:0x40
Byte 2:0x1F
Byte 4:0x00
Byte 5:0x04

Parameter Description

Please refer to 4.1.2.5.

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Page 26 of 31

External CLK Select (only used on MT6626)

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4.1.3.11

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For cost down, MT6626 remove a pin which called ECLK_SEL. The pin is to trap the clock setting of
the chip, because hardware needs to know whether a PLL shall be power-on.
Since the pin is removed but hardware still need to know the clock source, so software will need to set
a register to inform the hardware. The register value is calculated based on this byte stored in
NVRAM.

Parameter

Bytes

ECLK_SEL

1

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Default
(Byte 0: LSB)

Byte 0:0x00

Parameter Description

((nvram ECLK_SEL & 0x1) << 0x1) | 0x1

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Page 27 of 31

Bluetooth Related GPIO Pins

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4.2

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4.2.1

MT661x/MT6622/MT6626

The GPIO customization is combined with DCT (Driver Customization Tool). Please also refer to the
document.
Power Enable and Reset:

GPIO_BT_POWREN_PIN

PCM:




GPIO_BT_RESET_PIN

GPIO_PCM_DAICLK_PIN,
GPIO_PCM_DAIPCMOUT_PIN,
GPIO_PCM_DAIPCMIN_PIN,


GPIO_PCM_DAISYNC_PIN
External Interrupt:

GPIO_BT_EINT_PIN
32K Clock Source:

GPIO_BT_CLK_PIN
UART Pins:

UART pins used by Bluetooth are also controlled by mt_bt_power_on/ mt_bt_power_off,
please care the UART port used need to sync with UART pin.
These PINs should be defined with DCT tool.

Notes:
 Daisy chain is BT&WIFI use the same 26M clock mechanism. If HW use daisy chain, need add
btwlan_module_power_handler(BTWLAN_POWER_BT, 1) in mt_bt_power_on, add add
btwlan_module_power_handler(BTWLAN_POWER_BT, 0) in mt_bt_power_off. Till now only
MT6611(BT&WIFI co-module) need to enable daisy chain, other controllers do not use.

4.2.2

MT6620

mt_bt_power_on/mt_bt_power_off is not used on combo chip MT6620. The combo chip has its own
WMT driver to do centralized power on sequence, so BT related GPIO pins are deprecated here.

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Page 28 of 31

Bluetooth UART port and baud rate Customization

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1. Announce to use Bluetooth UART port custom folder
Path: alps/mediate/config/[project]/ProjectConfig.mak
CUSTOM_HAL_BLUETOOTH = bluetooth

2. Select UART port and baud rate
Path: alps/mediate/custom/[project]/hal/bluetooth/bluetooth/cust_bt.h
MT661x/MT6622/MT6626:
/* SERIAL PORT */
#define CUST_BT_SERIAL_PORT "/dev/ttyMT2"
/* BAUDRATE */
#define CUST_BT_BAUD_RATE 3250000

MT6620:
/* SERIAL PORT */
#define CUST_BT_SERIAL_PORT "/dev/stpbt"

/* BAUDRATE */
#define CUST_BT_BAUD_RATE 4000000 (use 4M but is not controlled by BT directly)

3. Set the UART port attribute in init.rc
Path: alps/mediate/config/[project]/init.rc
MT661x/MT6622/MT6626:
# BT
chmod 0660 /dev/ttyMT2
chown bluetooth bluetooth /dev/ttyMT2

MT6620:
insmod /system/lib/modules/mtk_stp_bt.ko
chmod 0666 /dev/stpbt

4.4

Bluetooth Chip Selection

Path: alps/mediate/config/[project]/ProjectConfig.mak

Example:
MTK_BT_CHIP = MTK_MT6622
#candidate setting: MTK_MT6611/MTK_MT6612/MTK_MT6616/MTK_MT6620/
MTK_MT6622/MTK_MT6626

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Bluetooth Firmware patch Update

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4.5

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Path: alps/mediate/source/external/bluetooth/driver

If need to update the firmware patch for specific BT chip, customer should only modify the patch file
name to MTK_MT66XX_EY_Patch.nb0(XX means chip, Y means ECO version), then put it to the
above folder path, it will overwrite the old one.

Figure 9 Bluetooth firmware patch update patch.

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LY

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Build

5.1

Source Code Structure & File Description

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5

File

Description

alps\mediatek\source\external\bluetooth\driver
*.*

5.2

Initialization library

Build Option

To enable BT function, ensure the following lines exist in corresponding file:

Patch: alps/mediatek/config/<project-name>/ProjectConfig.mk:

MTK_BT_SUPPORT=yes
MTK_BT_CHIP = MTK_MT6620 (or MTK_MT6611, MTK_MT6612, MTK_MT6616,
MTK_MT6622, MTK_MT6626)

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Page 31 of 31