4-5/1999
ЖУРНАЛ ДЛЯ ИЗУЧАЮЩИХ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
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4-5/1999
ЖУРНАЛ ДЛЯ ИЗУЧАЮЩИХ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Contents
© Издательство «ГЛОССА»
Главный редактор
И. Цветкова
Редакционная коллегия:
Т. Бурановская Л. Кравцова Н. Лаврова Э. Медведь И. Мыльцева И. Ланге В. Портников И. Родионова
Зав. редакцией
С. Асадчев
Редактор
Л. Кравцова
Художники
И. Белов Ф. Гриднев А. Массйкина
Технический редактор
В Ковалевский
Корректоры
Л. Кудрявцева
Е. Абрамова
Подготовка макета
В. Ковалевский
Е. Кузин
Адрес редакции:
109817, Москва, Нижний Сусальный пер. 4/5. Тел.: 261-99-10, тел./факс: 917-90-07. ISBN 5-7651-0032-5 Лицензия на издательскую деятельность ЛР № 070349 от 07.04.97 г. Свидетельство о регистрации средства массовой информации № 013977 от 28.07.95 г.
Подписной индекс 34290 в каталоге Федеральной службы почтовой связи
Российской Федерации, с. 102 Отпечатано в Калужской типографии стандартов
ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD
Profession: Bodyguard.......................... 2
Follow-Up Activities ............................... 4
The Guinness Book of World Records ................. 6
Guinness Quizz ..................................... 9
FICTION. jR. L. Stevenson. Sire De Maletroit’s Door. Ю
POET’S CORNER ................................ 16
LANGUAGE CLUB. The World of Sport............. 18
BUSINESS CLASS. Small Talk.................... 20
DEBATING SOCIETY. TV or not TV? .............. 21
PERSONALITY TEST. What Kind of Viewer Are 'fou?. 22
BOOK OF WISDOM. On War and Peace ............. 23
HUMPTY DUMPTY. Halloween........................... 24
THE GAME. Sabbath Race........................ 28
HISTORY & MYSTERY. On Witches and Witchcraft.... 30
NATURE. The Giraffe........................... 34
ETIQUETTE. When in Britain.................... 36
WOMAN’S PAGE. Paganini’s Ravioli.............. 38
SPORT. Climbing Frozen Waterfalls............. 39
OUR WINNERS........................................ 40
FOR ADVANCED READER. C. Fremlin. The Betrayal ..... 42
SCHOOL-LEAVERS DEPARTMENT.......................... 44
BAKER STREET CLUB.................................. 48
BLUFF CLUB.................................... 49
CLOSE-UP. What Is Beauty? .................... 50
SCHOOL THEATRE. Tom Breaks A Record ............... 52
HUMOUR. Water Closet .............................. 53
CURIOSITY PAGE................................ 54
ANSWERS....................................... 56
Have you seen Kevin Costner in the film The Bodyguard} His character in the film, Frank Farmer, is a professional bodyguard who got his training in the Secret Service. Before he hired himself to protect Rachel Marron (Whitney Huston) he had worked for President Reagan. He still blames himself for the fact that Ronald Reagan got shot.
Altogether, four American presidents have been assassinated and attempts have been made on the lives of others. The first president to be killed was Abraham Lincoln. He was shot while attending the theatre in Washington. Tames Garfield was shot a few months after his inauguration and died at the age of forty-nine. William McKinley was killed in Buffalo, New York in 1901. John Kennedy was killed in Dallas, Texas in 1963.
After the third assassination in 1901, the protection of presidents was put in the hands of the United States Secret Service and nowadays wherever a president goes he is surrounded by Secret Service guards who all have a tendency to look very
similar — the men are often unsmiling, with short haircuts, moustaches, trenchcoats and sunglasses.
There are women too, but many more men. If the president wants to go fishing or
WHITE
HOUSE
Beginning in 1840 and extending for well over a century, every President elected in a year ending in a zero died in office. This strange twist of fate was called the ‘20-year curse” because it occurred every twenty years. Consider:
-	William Heniy Harrison, elected in 1840.
Harrison caught a cold at his inauguration and died of pneumonia a month later.
— Abraham Lincoln, elected in 1860, and reelected four years later.
Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865.
-	James A. Garfield, elected in 1880.
Garfield was shot on July 2, 1881, and three months later died of blood poisoning.
-	William McKinley, elected in 1900. McKinley was shot on
horse-riding, the Secret Service agents will have to learn enough about the activity to accompany him.
Their training as agents takes place at a training centre in a little town called Beltsville
C U R S E
September 6, 1901, and died a week later.
- Warren G. Harding, elected in 1920. Harding died of a heart attack approximately 2% y^ars after taking office.
- Franklin D. Roosevelt, elected in 1940 for a tjripd term. Roosevelt died of natural causes on April 12, 1945, less (han four months after taking the oath of office for a fourth term.
- John F. Kennedy, elected in 1960. Kennedv was assassinated on November 22, 1963.
- Ronald Reagan, elected in 1980, ico med as the next victim of the curse. About two months after taking office, Reagan was shot and wounded by John F. Hinckley. But quick and expert medical attention saved the President’s life. Reagan’s survival was said to have broken the curse.
bodyguard [ bodiga:dj телохранитель Kevin Costner ['kevin 'kostna] character ['kae rikte] герой, персонаж Secret Service [,si:krit 'S3 vis] секретная служба Rachel Marron ['reitfal 'maeran] Whitney Huston ['witni 'hju:stan] to hire ['haia] oneself наниматься to protect [pra'tekt] охранять Ronald Reagan [ ronald 'reigan] that Reagan got shot что в Рейгана стреляли to blame [bleim] винить, обвинять altogether [oJte'geda] всего to assassinate [a saesineit] убивать
(политических или общественных деятелей)
attempt [a'tempt] покушение
Abraham Lincoln ['eibrahgem ligkan] while attending [Q'tendirj] во воемя посещения
James Garfield [d3eimz 'ga:fi:Id] inauguration [i.nozgju're'ln] инаугурация, торжественное вступление в должность
William McKinley ['wiljam mak'khli]
Buffalo [ bAfaldd]
Dallas ['daelas] Texas ['teksas] to put in the hands of передать в руки, в ведомство
to surround [sa'raund] окружать similar ['simile] похожий, одинаковый haircut ['heakAt] стрижка moustache [ma'sta:J] усы trenchcoat ['trentjkaut] плащ свободного покроя с поясом и карманами Beltsville ['beltsvil]
White House Curse
curse [ks:s] проклятие
extending [ik stendg] продолжающийся twist of fate поворот судьбы
to occur [а'кз:] случаться, происходить pneumonia [njuz'maunia] воспаление легких
blood poisoning [ blAd .poiznirj] заражение крови
heart attack ['ha:t a,taek] сердечный приступ
approximately [a'proksimitli] приблизительно
oath [euG] of office присяга при вступлении в должность
loomed as the next victim зд. чуть не стал следующей жертвой
Maryland [ meariland]
initial screening process [fnijl
'skrfnig prauses] предварительный отбор
in Maryland. They have an initial screening process which can take up to 12 months and include drug tests and lie detector interrogation before they begin the actual process of training as agents. They learn to shoot pistols, rifles and how to drive at high speeds. All the president’s old cars are taken to Beltsville where agents can learn to turn them at maximum speed in minimum space. Agents always examine the area of a proposed presidential visit. In fact, they can veto a visit if they consider it unsafe. Then they check the itinerary and decide what equipment and manpower will be needed. The team also produces details of escape routes and plans for emergency evacuation, which can include decoy motorcades. In June 1992, in fact, when a problem arose on President Bush’s trip to Panama City, he and Mrs Bush escaped in an armoured limousine which had been parked in a side street while a motorcade with sirens blaring drove ast down the main street.
The Secret Service has three “perimeters” of protection. The
drug [di7\g] test тест на наркотическую зависимость
lie detector [ lai di tekte] детектор лжи interrogation l’m,tei e geijn] допрос rifle ['raifi] винтовка
area [Jearie] территория
proposed [pre'pouzdj предполагаемый to veto ['vi:teu] запрещать
to consider [ken'side] считать unsafe [An'seif] опасный, ненадежный itinerary [ai'tinerer i] маршрут equipment [i kwipment] оборудование, оснащение
manpower ['maenpaue] людские ресурсы, резервы, живая сила
inner perimeter is made up of agents permanently assigned to the president who stay closest to him. The middle perimeter has undercover officers who mingle with the crowds and uniformed officers on high buildings and roof-tops and the outer perimeter consists of helicopters and electronic surveillance.
Nowadays, there is a large number of people protected by the Secret Service. The president and vice-president and their immediate families, the president elect and vice-president elect and their families, former presidents, their wives and children up to age 16, visiting heads of state and their spouses, other distinguished foreign visitors and US representatives on special missions abroad. The Secret Service budget is about $ 500 million.
секретный
to mingle ['mirjgl] смешиваться
- outer ['ante] внешний, наружний helicopter ['helikopta] вертолет surveillance [s3:'veJens] наблюдение vice-president [zvais 'prezident] вице-президент
immediate [i'mi:diet] families ближайшие члены семьи
president elect [ilekt] избранный, но еще не вступивший в должность президент
spouse [spaus] супруг, супруга distinguished	выдающийся,
известный
representative [jeprizentetiv]
представитель
budget ['bAd3it] бюджет
to keep quiet about скрывать,
не разглашать
to employ [im'pioi] нанимать adviser [ed'vaize] консультант authentic [o:'0entik] аутентичный, достоверный
is not a bed of roses зд. нелегка, непроста
for security reasons [si'kjueriti ,n:zenz] в целях безопасности
muscular ['mAskjcIe] мускулистый tough [tAf] крутой, сильный
emergency evacuation [i ma d^ensi tv^kju'ei^n] срочная эвакуация decoy [di/koi] ложный, отвлекающий внимание
motorcade ['mautekeid] кортеж автомобилей
Panama City ['paenema: ,siti] limousine [1imazi:n] лимузин to blare [oles] реветь, гудеть perimeter [pe'rimite] периметр inner fine] внутренний permanently assigned [ p3:men9ntli a sand] постоянно работающий (прикрепленный), штатный undercover [ AndakAve] тайный,
The Secret Service does of course keep very quiet about its operations but it is of great interest to the general public. That is why there are so many books and films about secret agents. Film companies often employ real agents as advisers so that the films should be authentic.
Being a bodyguard is not a bed of roses. Here is what an American bodyguard says about his profession:
“ When people ask me what I do for a living, I often lie! Not because I think it’s fun or for security reasons, but simply because it takes too long to explain what I am doing. You see, Гт not a big muscular type, nor do I wear sunglasses.
My job is NOT to walk around and look tough, or to drink dry martinis at cocktail parties. I have only been to two cocktail parties in my life, unfortunately!
No, my job is to make sure that my client is safe and that he/she remains that way. In order to do so I have to keep my mind and body in shape and be able to use them!
Here comes the hard part. First of all, if you are in a bad physical condition, your mental state will be equally bad. And if you have emotional and other mental problems,
you won t be able to make life-saving decisions in split seconds. Some say they can, which is fine, but I wouldn 't work with them!
So, to be a bodyguard you have to train physically. I personally spend 14 hours a week training. Besides, I spend 2 or 3 hours a week on a shooting range.
A man once told me, 'The ulti-
mate bodyguard is 25 but has the knowledge of a person twice his age. 'That's impossible!' I said, and he replied, 'Yes, why do you think they always work in pairs'?"'
to keep in shape держать в форме, тренировать mental ['mentl] state психическое (душевное) состояние
equally ['i:kwali] зд. также
split second доля секунды, мгновенье ока shooting range [reindj] стрельбище, тир ultimate ['Altimit] зд. идеальный
FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES
1. Here are some qualities a secret agent should possess. Can you range them in order of importance?
1.	He must shoot very well.
2.	He must be loyal to his client.
3.	He must be an excellent swimmer.
4.	He must wear sunglasses.
5.	He must be able to drive at high speeds.
6.	He must be good at horse-racing and fishing.
7.	He must be prepared to risk his life.
8.	He must keep his body and mind in shape.
9.	He must be very intelligent.
10.	He must be quick-witted.
11.	He must be very observant.
12.	He must be brave and attractive, like Kevin Costner’ s character in the film The Bodyguard.
2. Can you do the following crossword?
Across:
2.	A flying machine
3.	What the Secret Service gives to a president
4.	A large, comfortable car
7. President Lincoln s nationality
9. The sport of catching fish
11. The murder of a politician or another important person
14.	James Bond was a secret
17.	Someone whose job is to give advice
18.	The 35th president of the US who was shot and killed in Dallas
20.	A man (sometimes a woman) whose job is to protect an important person
21.	A procession of cars
22.	A gun with a long barrel
Down:
1. To forbid (some action)
2. One activity an agent might have to learn
5. Hair on the face above the mouth
6. The name of the organisation which protects the president (two words)
8. The name of the town where the Secret Service centre is situated
10. Dark spectacles
12. A raincoat with a belt and pockets
13. The line dividing two countries or areas
15. Someone who works in secret, not wearing a uniform
16. Worn by a policeman
19. An apparatus for making a loud long sound

THE GUINNESS BOOK
OF WORLD RECORDS
A GENTLEMAN ON THE NAILS
One Englishman lay on a bed of nails for more than 300 hours! Experts say that for 132 hours 30 minutes he lay on the nails without a break.
nail [ne‘l] гвоздь
without a break без перерыва
' / ho is the tallest man in the world ? I/I/ Who is the fattest woman in the " ' world? How heavy is the heaviest man? Who has the longest moustache? How long can a person talk xvithout stopping? What distance can a man cover if he walks on his hands? Which is the most visited Web site ?
All these facts can be found in the Guinness Book of World Records. It has information about the world’s tallest, shortest, loudest, heaviest, richest, rarest and greatest. It demonstrates people’s achievements in nearly every field: from sports to politics, from entertainment to science, from the business world to pastimes.
It is also a wonderful portrait of human eccentricity, showing the great lengths to which some people will go to become record breakers.
THE MOST VALUABLE TOOTH
In 1816, a tooth belonging to Sir Isaac Newton was sold in London for 730 pounds. It was bought by a nobleman who had it set in a ring, which he wore constantly.
valuable pvseljuabl] ценный nobleman [naublmanl аристократ, вельможа
had it set in a ring вставил его в кольцо
constantly ['konstentli] постоянно
A HEARTY APPETITE
A Frenchman got into the Guinness Book of World Records because he ate metal and glass. His diet included 10 bicycles, a supermarket trolley, 7 TV sets and 6 chandeliers.
hearty appetite [,ha:ti aepitatt] прекрасный аппетит diet [ darat] диета
trolley [troli] тележка
chandelier [Jaenda'lia] канделябр
moustache [mesta:f] усы
to cover [ kAve] покрыть, пройти (расстояние]
rare [res] редкий
achievement [э t[i:vmant] достижение
entertainment [,ente'teinmant] развлечение
pastime ['pa staim] занятие, хобби, времяпрепровождение eccentricity Leksen'trisiti] эксцентричность, чудаковатость to go to great lengths идти на все, ни перед чем не останавливаться from pole to pole зд. во всем мире measurable ['me^arabl] измеримый
Thousands of people from pole to pole try to get into the Guinness Book of World Records. However, it isn’t easy. The record must be measurable, it must be the subject of worldwide interest, it must be checked by experts.
It all started in 1951. Sir Hugh Beaver, the managing director of the Guinness brewery (the Guinness, by the way, is a type of beer) was hunting. He shot at, but missed a golden plover. In the discussion that followed nobody could answer whether the golden plover was the fastest bird in Europe.
Sir Hugh found out that there was no reference book which would answer that and similar questions. You probably have guessed the rest. What came out of his idea was the Guinness Book of World Records.
Very quickly the book became a bestseller. It has sold 77 million copies so far. And if you think that it’s only the English who are mad about records, you are wrong: the book has been translated into 32 languages. All over the world people seem to want to read about other people who are faster, fatter, fitter or just madder than they are.
19 PEOPLE ON ONE BIKE
On the island of Java, Indonesia, 19 people travelled together on one bike for 200 metres.
brewery ['bru:ari] пивоваренный завод
to hunt [hAnt] охотиться
to shoot [Ju:t] (shot) стрелять
to miss промахнуться, не попасть
golden plover ['plauva] золотая ржанка (птица) reference [Tefarans] book справочник similar ['simile] подобный, похожий so far пока
chain [tjein] цепь, сеть
amazing [a'meizig] удивительный, поразительный
WALKING ON YOUR HANDS
In 1900, an Austrian gentleman travelled from Vienna to Paris in this strange way. It took him 55 days with g rhythm of 10 hours a day and an average speed, of 2.54 kilometres an hour.
Austrian [ o.strian] австрийский
Vienna [vi'ena] Вена rhythm ['i dm] ритм, ритмичность
THE LARGEST DISH
The largest menu item in the world is roasted camel, prepared occasionally for Bedouin wedding feasts. Cooked eggs are stuffed into fish, the fish is stuffed into cooked chickens, the chickens are stuffed into a roasted sheep and the sheep is finally stuffed into a whole camel. item ['aitom] зд. блюдо occasionally [a'kei^anali] изредка, иногда
Bedouin [ beduin] бедуин feast [first] пир, банкет to stuff [stAf] фаршировать, начинять
Guinness also opened a chain of museums in Europe and North America to show the public some of the many amazing facts found in the book.
The largest Guinness World of Records Museum is situated in Taiwan. Its architecture is unique among all Guinness museums: the main hall is a giant Guinness book, the public toilet is a football, the snack-bar is a giant hamburger, the gift shop is a giant Ruble’s cube (a popular puzzle game).
Visitors can see a life-size statue of the world’s tallest man (272 centimetres!) and other lifelike statues of individuals who ran, walked, kissed, crawled, dived, pulled, high-jumped, and clapped their way into history.
There are also several live exhibits, including a pair of ostriches (the world’s largest bird), two camels (largest desert animals) etc.
Who wants to break a record? If you do, you must find someone reliable to watch you and ask a newspaper to write a report. Then, when you have broken the record, you write to the Guinness Book and hope the day will come when your name and record are printed — and translated into 32 languages — in one of the world’s best-selling books.
THE BIGGEST HOUSE OF CARDS
A 15-year old American boy built a house of cards which had 68 floors and was 3.73 metres high.
HE COLLECTED TEETH
Brother Giovanni Battista Grsenigo, a religious dentist, conserved all the teeth he extracted. All in all, he collected 2,000,744 teeth.
to consei ve [kan'S3:v] сохранять
to extract [ik'strsekt] вырывать (зубы)
all in all в общем,
всего

aiwan [jtai wa:n] Тайвань unique [juz'nizk] уникальный, единственный в своем роде snack-bar ['snaek.ba:] закусочная giant [ d3aient] огромный, гигантский Rubik’s cube [ ruzbiks ,kju:b] кубик Рубика puzzle game | pazI ,geim] головоломка life-size [laifsaiz] в натуральную величину lifelike [laiflike] словно живой, похожий to crawl [kro:l] ползти
to dive [daiv] нырять to pull [pul] тянуть to clap хлопать в ладоши live [Jaw] живой exhibit [ig zibit] экспонат osirich ['ostritj] страус camel ['kaemai] верблюд to break a record побить рекорд reliable [ri'ia abl] надежный to print печатать
1.	Which is the largest planet of the Solar System?
(A)	Saturn
(B)	Jupiter
(C)	Uranus
2.	Which is the largest country in the world?
(A)	Russia
(B)	China
(C)	Canada
3.	Which is the largest ocean in the world?
(A)	the Atlantic
(B)	the Pacific
(C)	the Indian
4.	Which is the smallest continent?
(A)	Europe
(B)	Asia
(C)	Australia
5.	Which is the largest animal in the world?
(A)	the blue whale
(B)	the great white shark
(C)	the African elephant
6.	Which is the fastest animal
in the world?
(A)	the ostrich
(B)	the cheetah
(C)	the horse
7.	Which is the smallest independent country in the world?
(A)	Vatican City
(B)	Luxemburg
(C)	Monaco
8.	Which is the largest city in the world?
(A)	London
(B)	New York
(C)	Mexico City
9.	Which language is spoken by the greatest number of people?
(A)	English
(B)	Spanish
(C)	Chinese
10.	Which is the tallest building in the world?
(A)	Empire State Building (New York)
(B)	Eiffel Tower (Paris)
(C)	Sears Tower (Chicago)
11.	Which is the tallest tree in the world?
(A)	the sequoia
(B)	the pine-tree
(C)	the bamboo
12.	Which of the following animals can spend up to 80% of their lives sleeping or dozing?
(A)	the opposum
(B)	the bear
(C)	the crocodile
13.	Which is the deepest lake in the world?
(A)	Lake Baikal
(B)	Lake Ontario
(C)	Lake Superior
14.	Where was the fist mechanical clock invented?
(A)	In Egypt
(B)	In India
(C)	In China
whale [weil] кит ostrich [ostritf] страус
cheetah [lji:ta] гепард
sequoia [si'kwcia] секвоя
pine-tree ['paintri:] сосна bamboo [,baerrrbu:] бамбук
Sire De Maletroit’s Door
Robert Louis Stevenson
Denis de Beaulieu was not yet two and-twenty, but he considered himself a grown man: he had already fought in a battle and taken part in a dozen raids.
On the night of tlfce story he had put his horse in the stable of the inn where he was staying, had a good supper and went out to pay a visit to a friend. This was not a very7 wise thing to do, for the town was full of the troops of Burgundy and England, and many drunk soldiers were walking about the streets looking for adventure.
It was September, 1429. The weather was cold and windy.
Though Denis had promised himself to return to his inn early, it was long past midnight when he said good-bye to his friend.
There was no wind now but the night was as black as the grave. Denis did not know the streets and lanes of the little town, even by daylight he had had some difficulty in finding his way, and in this absolute darkness he soon lost it altogether. By this time the sky had cleared up a little and on his left Denis saw a beautiful house with several turrets and a chapel. There was a faint light coming through the windows of the chapel. He stood for some time looking at the house and admiring its architecture when suddenly he saw a group of soldiers going the night round with torches. They were drunk and in a quarrelsome mood. Denis realized that he was in danger. 1 hey would kill him like a dog and leave him where he fell.
He darted into the porch of the house. There he drew his sword and set his back against the door. To his surprise, the door yielded behind his weight and opened a little. Denis, without a moment’s hesitation, stepped inside and closed the door behind him.
Denis waited a few minutes. When all was silent outside, he decided to go out. He tried to open the door, but he couldn’t. The door had no handle. He shook it but it was as firm as a rock. Denis frowned. There was something very str ange about all this. Was it a trap?
sire [sa:a] сир
Maletroit pmalf'tma:] de Beaulieu (de bo: lu ] dozen Гблггг дюжина raid [re:d] рейд, наба stable [ steiblj конюшня inn гостиница, постоялый двор to pay a visit нанести визит troops [tnrps] войска части Burgundy ['Ьз gand:] ист Бургундия long nast midnight далеко за полно1 ib grave [gre.v] могила lane [leinl переулок
altogether [,o Ite дедэ] совсем
turret I'tArit] башенка
chapel (IJaepal) часовня
faint [feint] слабый, бледный
going the night round совершающих homi юй обход
torch [to:t[] факел
quarrelsome [ kworalsam] вздорный, задиристый, сварливый
to dart [da t] броса-ься, устремляться
porch [рэ: tj] портик
be drew his sword [so d] and set his back against the door он обнажил свой
меч и прижался спиной к двери
the door yielded [ j::ldid] behind his weight дверь поддалась под его тяжестью
Denis decided better to act than to stand there in the dark. So, with outstretched hands, he stepped slowly forward.
He found himself in a large hall of polished stone. There were three doors, one on each of three sides, covered with curtains. On the fourth side there were two large window's and a great stone chimney-piece carved with the arms of the Malctroits. Denis recognised them at once and was pleased to find himself in such good hands.
beard and moustache. Age had left no mark upon his hands which
expression of face should have such hands.
let me have my own
LumiiflMiid
hearth. A cup of wine stood by his elbow on a shelf on the wall. His legs were crossed and his hands folded and there was a strange greedy expression on his face. He had beautiful white hair which
angry. He stood up and put on his hat. "Sir,” he said, ’ if you do not let me out, I will break your door into pieces with my sword."
handle [ haendl] оучка (двери)
to frown [fraun] нахмурить брови
trap ловушка
with outstretched [ aut stretft] hands вытянув впред руки
polished (polijt] полированный, гладкий
a great stone chimney-piece carved with the arms of the Maletroits большой
каменный камин с вырезанным на нем гербом рода Малетруа
was pleased to find himself in such good hands был рад, что очутился в доме таких знатных людей
fur tippet рз: 'tipit] меховоя накидка
hearth [ha: О] камин
to fold [fould] складывать
greedy [ gri:di] жадный
saint [seint] святой
delicate [ defikit] нежный
I am not the person you suppose me. Я не то лицо за которое вы меня принимаете
here you are and that’s the main point вы здесь, и это главное to arrange [e'reindj] устраивать, улаживать affair [a'fea] дело
trick [trikj хитрость, фокус, трюк
The matter touches my honour [ опа] Это дело затрагивает мою честь to interrupt [inta'rApt] перебивать
that he had to do with a lunatic [1u: natik] что он имеет дело с сумасшедшим prayer [ргеа] молитва
It occured [е'кз:б] to him ему пришло в голову meanwhile {'mknwail] тем временем to put an end to it чтобы положить этому конец that the wind had gone down что ветер утих he became quite red in the face его лицо стало совсем красным


each other for some seconds.
Please, step in," said Sire de Maletroit. "I have been expecting
"I’m afraid." said Denis, "that this is a mistake. I am not the person you suppose me.
"Well, well," replied the old gentleman, "here you are and that’s the main point. Sit down, my friend and we’ll arrange our little affair."
Denis saw' that the old man did not understand who he w'as and wanted to continue his explanation.
"Your door," he began.
’What about my door?" asked the other, raising his eyebrows. "It’s just a little trick. The matter touches my honour and — "
You are mistaken, sir," said Denis. "There can be no question of honour between you and me. I am a stranger here. My name is Denis de Beaulieu. If you see me in your house it’s only —"
"My young friend,
Denis w7as sure that he had to do with a lunatic. So he sat down and decided to wait and sec what would happen. From behind one of the curtains he could hear a low voice saying a prayer; sometimes he thought that he heard two voices talking. It occurred to him that the curtain covered the entrance to the chapel, which he had noticed from the street.
Meanwhile the old gentleman was looking at Denis with a smile as if pleased with something. Denis did not like it at all and, to put an
Sire de Maletroit raised his right hand and pointed to the chair. "My dear nephew/ he said, 'sit down."
"Nephew!" exclaimed Denis. "It’s a lie!"
"Sit down, you rogue!" cried the old gentleman in a harsh voice. "Do you think I made my trick with the door to let you out now? If you want to be bound hand and foot, rise and try to go away. My armed men will take hold of you at once.
"Do you mean that I am a prisoner here?" asked Denis.
"I state the facts," said the man. ’You can make your own conclusions."
Denis sat down again. He tried to keep calm, but inside he was boiling with anger.
Suddenly the curtain that hung over the chapel door was raised and a tall priest came out and said something to Sire de Maletroit in a low voice.
"Is she in a better mood?" asked the old man.
"She is more resigned, sir," replied the priest.
"Monsieur de Beaulieu," said Sire de Maletroit addressing Denis, "may I present you to my niece? She has been waiting for you with even greater impatience that I."
Denis rose and bowed. Sire de Maletroit also stood up and limped to the chapel door. The priest lifted the curtain and they went in.
On the steps in front of the altar a young girl was kneeling. She was richly dressed as a bride. When Denis noticed her costume, he began to understand why the old man was keeping him there.
"Blanche," said the old man, "I’ve brought a friend to see you, my little girl. Turn round and give him your pretty hand."
The girl rose to her feet and turned to the newcomer. When she saw Denis, she covered her face with tier hands and sank upon the floor.
"That’s not the man!" she cried. "My uncle, that’s not the man! I have never seen this man till this moment. Sir," she said turning to Denis, "if you are a gentleman, you will confirm this. Have I ever seen you, or have you ever seen me before?"
"I’ve never had the pleasure," answered the young man. "This is the first time, sir, that I see your charming niece."
The old man shrugged his shoulders.
"I’m distressed to hear it," he said. "But il s never too late to begin. I hadn’t been long acquainted with my late wife when I married her, which proves," he added, "that such hasty marriages may lead to an excellent understanding in the long run. We’ll begin the ceremony in two hours.”
"My uncle, you cannot be in earnest,' cried the girl jumping to her feet. "I’ll stab myself if you make that young man marry me! God forbids such marriages; you dishonour your white hair."
rogue [ret gl негодяй, мошенник
hirsh [ha f; грубый, резкий
to be bound [baund] hand and foot бы гь связанным по рукам и ногам prisoner ['priznei узник, пленник
to state the facts излагать факты
to make conclusions [ken к!и:зэпг] делать выводы
to keep calm сохранять спокойствие
to boil with anger кипеть от злости
prjesL [prist] священник
resigned [ri'za nd] покорный смирившийся
impatience [ira peijens] нетерпение "
to bow rbau] кланяться
to limp [’nnp] хромать. идти прихрамывая
altar [oita] алтарь
to kneel [nil] стоять на коленях bride [bra:d] невеста Blanche [ b‘a:nf] newcomer ['nju клтэ] незнакомец sink [s-gk] (sank) опускаться, падать to confirm [ken'fa: ml подтвесждать I’m distressed to hear it Мне очень жаль это слышась to be acquained [e kweintid] with быть знакомым с hasty [ heist] поспешный in the long run в конце концов
you cannot ba irt earnest ['з nistj не может бьп ь, чт ’бы вы гезорили серьезно to stab [stab] закалывать
to dishonour [d s'or.ej позорить, бесчестить
"Let me explain to you once and for all, Blanche Maletroit, what I think about all this. Wien you took it into your head to dishonour my family and my name, you lost not only the right to ask about my intentions, but also, to look me in the face. If your father had been alive, he would have turned you out of doors. It is my duty to get you married at once. But before God, Blanche Maletroit, if this is not the man, I don’t care a bit. So let me advise you to be polite to this young man."
With these words he went out and Denis remained alone with the girl. She turned to Denis with flashing eyes. "What’s the meaning of all this?1' she demanded, "and how did you get here?”
Denis told her his story. "So you see," he said, "I am a prisoner here. Now will you follow my example and tell me about yourself?"
She stood silent for a little and pressed her forehead in both hands.
"Oh, how my head aches!" she said wearily. "To say nothing of my poor heart! But you must know my story though I am ashamed to tell it. My name is Blanche de Maletroit. My mother and father died long ago and I’ve been very unhappy all my life. Three months ago a young captain began to stand near me every day in church. One day he passed me a letter. I took it home and read it. The captain wrote that he loved me and wanted to speak to me. I didn’t answer but I was glad that anyone should love me. Since that time he has written me many letters. He wanted to speak to me very much and kept asking me to leave the door open some evening so that we might speak in the stairs. My uncle is a hard and shrewd man. It’s difficult to hide anything from him, and this morning when we were returning from church he took my hand into his, opened it and read the last letter in which the captain asked again to leave the door open. This has been the ruin of us all. My uncle kept me strictly in my room till evening, and then ordered me to put on this dress. I suppose that when he could not make me tell him the captain’s name, he must have laid a trap for him, into which you have fallen instead. This is all. But I never expected such a shameful punishment as this! I hope you won’t despise me."
"Madam," said Denis, "you have honoured me by your confidence. I must prove that I am not unworthy of it. Where is your uncle?"
"I believe he is in the hall," she answered.
"Let’s go there," said Denis and offered her his hand courteously. Sire de Maletroit rose to meet them with an ironical smile.
"Sir," said Denis grandly, "I believe I am to have some say in the matter of this marriage. So let me tell you at once that I do not want to marry this young lady against her will. If her hand had been freely offered me, I should have been proud to accept it, for she is as good as she is beautiful, but as things arc, I have the honour to refuse."
"I’m afraid, Monsieur de Beaulieu," said the sire, "that you don’t
once and fur all раз и навсегда
When you took it into your head Когда тебе взбрело в голову intention fib tenjn] намерение
If your father had been alive, he would nave turned you out of doors. Если бы твои отец был жив, он выгнал бы тебя из дому to get you married выдать тебя замуж
I don’t care a bit мне совершенно безразлично flashing j'flsefir)] сверкающий to demand [di'ma nd] требовать, спрашивать forehead [ fo^'d] лоб to ache [e'tk] болеть wearily ['wie/ili] устало to say nothing of не говоря уже о that anyone should love me что кто-w, может быть, меня любит kept asking me все просил меня shrewd [jru d] проницательный
This has been ths ruin of us all. Это нас всех по< убило
he must have laid a trap он. должно быть, усгроил лозушку shameful [ Jetrnfl^ позооный, постыдный
to despise [d. spaiz] презирать
you have honouied me by your confidence вы оказали мне чеегь, дозерившись мне
that 1 am not unworthy [лп ws 3i] of it что я этого достоин courteously [ksrtiesli] учтиво, вежливо
grandly [graendir зажно, с важным видом
I am to have some say in the matter of this marriage. Я имею право сказать свое слово об этом браке.
against her wffl пробив ее воли
If her hand had been freely offered me, I should have been proud to accept it. Если бы мче быта предложена ее рука как свободному человеку, я бы с гордостью принял бы это предложение as things аге при сложившихся обстоятельствах
I have the honour to refuse Я имею честь отказаться
quite understand the choice I’ve offered you. Please come up to this window.” And pointing to an iron ring with a rope on the wall opposite the window, he continued: if you don’t agree to marry my niece, I’ll have you hanged with this rope before sunrise. Now I’ll go away and leave you to make up your mind. Remember that you’ve got less than two hours.”
Denis looked at Blanche, and saw an imploring look in her eyes.
As soon as they were alone, Blanche came up to Denis. Her face was flushed and excited and her eyes shone with tears.
'You won’t die,” she cried, "you’ll many me after all.”
You seem to think, madam," replied Denis, "that 1 m afraid of death."
"Oh, no,” she said, "I sec you are not a coward. But 1 couldn’t bear that you should be killed because of me.'
Tin afraid,” said Denis, "that you don’t quite understand me, madam. V,hat you so generously offer me, I may be too proud to accept. Your fe eling is very noble, but you forget what you perhaps owe to others.”
Blanche stood silent for a moment, then walked suddenlv away and falling on her uncle’s chair burst out sobbing. Denis was greatly embarrassed. He did not know what to do. Even now when she was crying the girl was pleasant to look at. She had a warm brown skin and the most beautiful hair, Denis thought, in the whole world. Her hands were like her uncle’s: but they were more in place at the end of her young arms and looked soft and graceful. Denis remembered how7 hei blue eyes had shone on him, full of anger, pity and innocence. And the more he looked at her, the more sorry he felt for his cruel words.
Suddenly a cock crowed hoarsely and both ol them remembered that Denis’s last two hours were running, and his death approaching.
"Alas, can I do nothing to help you?” asked Blanche looking up.
'Madam," said Denis, "if I have said anything that wounded you, believe me, it was for your own sake and not for mine."
She thanked him with a tearful look. 1 know7 already that you are very brave and generous,” she said, "but what can I do for you now or afterwards?"
I et me sit beside you as a friend,” said Denis with a smile, "and let’s try and forget our awkward position. Make my last moments go pleasantly, that is all you can do for me now.
"You are very gallant," said the girl sadly. And she started weeping again.
"Madam," said Denis, taking her hand, ’just think how little time Г have before me and how you upset me wdth your distress."
"I am very7 selfish," answered Blanche, ”1 shall be braver, Monsieur de Beaulieu, for your sake. But think if I can do anything for you in the future, have you no .Tiends to whom I could carry your last words?"
iron ring (а*эп rig] железное кояьцр
rope [r&up] веревка
ГЛ have you hanged! Я прикажу вас повысить
imploring [im'pioirin] умоляющий
flushed [tlAjt] покрасневший
excited [ik'sa t.dJ взволнован! >ый
coward [ kaued] трус
I could not bear that you should he killed because of me. Я бы не выдержала, если бы вас убили из-за меня.
generously pdjeaeresiq великодушно
noble [ naubl] бпагоредный
what you perhaps owe [qu] to others что, может быть, вы должны исполнить свой долг перед кем-нибудь другим
burst out sobbing разрыдалась
embairassed [inrbarest] смущенный, растерянный
the girl was pleasant to lock at на девушку приятно было смотреть
soft [soft] мягкий
graceful [ gre.sfelj изящный
innocence [ inesons] чистота, невинность cruel [ krue!] жестокий to crow fkryu} кукарекать
hoarsely [ho sit J хрипло
to approach [s prout]] приближаться alas [e laes] увы
io wound [wu nd] ранить
it was for your own sake and not for mine это было сделано ради вас, а не ра ди меня
afterwards [a ftav^dz] позже, потом
awkward foiKwadl неловкий, затруднительный
Make my last moments go pleasantly Сделайте гак, чтобы последние минуты моей жизни прошли прия1 но gallant [ gastent] галантный, любезный to weep [wj:p] (wept) плакать to upset [Ap'set] расстоаивать, огорчать distress [dis tree] горе, страдание selfish [ selfif] эгоистичный
"My mother is married again, and has a new family to care for. My brother Guichard will inherit my estate and be quite content. I have few friends now and when I’m dead I’ll have none."
"Ah, Monsieur de Beaulieu’1’ she exclaimed, "you forget Blanche I de Maletroit. I think you arc the noblest man I’ve ever met."
"And yet here I die in a mousetrap," said Denis sadly.
A look of pain crossed her face and she was silent for a little while. Then a light came into her eyes and with a smile she spoke again.
I "Do you think me beautiful?" she asked with a deep flush.
' Indeed, madam, I do," he said.
"I’m happy to hear that. Do you think there are many men in ] France who have been asked in marriage by a beautiful maiden with her own lips — and who have refused her in her face?"
] You are very good," he said, ’ but you cannot make me forget that I was asked in pity and not for love."
"I’m not so sure of that," said Blanche, holding down her head. "I know how you must despise me, but when I asked you to many me, it was because I respected and admired you and loved you with my whole soul, from the very moment you took my part against my uncle. But I know your feelings towards me already. I, too, have a L pride of my own and if you should now go back from your word, I would no more many you than my uncle’s groom."
I	Denis smiled a little bitterly.
"It’s a small love that shies at a little pride," he said.
I	She made no answer.
"Come to the window," he said with a sigh. "Here is the dawn. ’
"Has the day begun already?’ she said. "The night has been so long! What shall we say to my uncle when he returns?"
"What you will," said Denis and pressed her fingers in hers.
She was silent.
"Blanche," he said passionately, "you’ve seen if I fear death. But if I	you care for me at all, don’t let me lose my life in a misunderstand-
|	ing — for I love you better than the whole world; and though I’ll die
for you gladly, it would be like all the joys of Paradise to live and I spend my life in your sendee."
I A bell began to ring loudly and a clatter of armour was heard: Sire
11 de Maletroit’s armed men were returning to their post.
I "After all you’ve heard?" she whispered.
’ I’ve heard nothing," he said.
"The captain’s name was Florimons de Champdivers," she said in I his ear.
"I didn’t hear it," he answered, taking her in his arms and cover-I ing her wet face with kisses.
Someone chuckled behind them, and the voice of Sire de I Maletroit wished his new nephew a good morning.
1— - -............................. - — -
to care [kee] tor заботиться о
Guichard [gija:r]
to inherit [in herit] унаследовать estate [i steit] имение
to be content [kan tent] быть довольным mousetrap {maustrap] мышеловка
A took of pain crossed her face На ее лице отразилось страдание who have been asked in marriage by a beautiful maiden with her own lips — and who have refused her in her face? которым красивая девушка сама (букв, своими собственными устами) предложила бы руку и которые ответили бы ей в лицо от казом?
in pity and not for love из жалости, а не no любви
to respect [n spekt] уважать
to admire [ad maia] восхищаться
with my whole soul [saul] всей душой
from the very moment you took my part against my uncle с той самой минуты, когда вы встали на мою сторону против дяди
I, too, have a pride of my own И у меня есть гордость
if you should now go back from your word, I would no more marry you than my uncle’s groom если бы вы теперь отказались от своего слова, я не вышла бы за вас замуж, как не вышла бы за конюха моего дяди bitterly [ bitoli] горько, печально
It’s a small love that shies at a little pride. Невелика та любовь, которую может спугнуть мелкое самолюбие.
sigh [sai] вздох
dawn [do n] рассвет
passionately [paejnatlij страстно
if you care for me at all если вы хоть немного любите меня
misunderstanding [miSAndestsendiri] недоразумение
all the joys of Paradise [ pseradais] все райские наслаждения
to be in smb’s service [ sarvis] быть слугой, служить
clatter [Ш&] звон
armour [ а:тэ] доспехи
to chuckle I'tjAkl] удоволетворенно смеяться, хихикать
This poem is composed by taking one line from the works of 38 different English poets. How many can you identify?
THE POEM OF POEMS
Why all this toil for triumphs of an hour? Life’s a short summer-man a flower By turn we catch the vital breath and die, The cradle and the tomb, alas! So nigh. To be is better far than not to be, All man’s life me seems a tragedy, For light cares speak when mighty griefs are dumb The bottom is but shallow whence they come Thy fate is the common fate of all, Unmeddled joys here to no man befall Nature to each allots his proper sphere;
Fortune makes folly her peculiar care. Custom does often reason overrule And throw a cruel sunshine on a fool Live well; How long or short; permit to Heaven; They who forgive most shall be most forgiven. Sin may be clasped so close we cannot see its face; Vile intercourse where virtue has not place.
Then keep each passion down, however dear; Thou pendulum betwixt a smile and tear. Her sensual snares let faithless pleasure by, With craft and skill to ruin and betray.
Soar not too high to fall; but stoop to rise; We masters grow of all that we despise О then! Renounce that impious self-esteem! Riches have wings and grandeur is a dream Nor think ambition wise because ‘tis brave; The paths of glory lead but to the grave.
What is ambition? ‘Tis a glorious cheat Only destructive to the brave and great. What’s all the gaudy glitter of a crown? The way to bliss lies not on beds of down How long we live, not years, but actions tell, That man lives twice, who lives his first life well Make, then, while yet you may, your god, my friend; Whom Christians worship, yet not comprehend.
The trust that’s given, guard, and to yourself be just; And live we how we can, yet die we must.
(from Ripley’s Believe it or not)
Contest! Contest! Contest!
Try to translate “Crocodile or Alligator?” into Russian.
The closing date is December 1st. Good luck!
CROCODILE OR ALLIGATOR?
Crocodile or alligator, Who is who on the equator? Which one ate up Auntie Norah, Famous tropical explorer?
Cool she was and calm she kept, I’ll Bet you that repulsive reptile Had a hard job as he ate her, Crocodile or alligator.
Norah, sister of my mother, Couldn’t tell one from the other, Had she only read this fable, Maybe she’d have then been able.
Crocodiles, with jaws shut tightly, Show their teeth off impolitely, But alligators aren’t so rude, And seldom let their teeth protrude.
Whether former, whether latter, To Aunt Norah doesn’t matter, She’s at rest inside his tummy, What a dinner, yummy, yummy!
Colin West
18
a. horse-racing
b. mountaineering
c. baseball
d. darts
e. golf
SPORTS VOCABULARY. How good are you at sports vocabulary?
1. Match the picture and the sport.
f. rafting
g. wrestling h. hurdles i. karate j. fencing
k. cycling
I. windsurfing m. step aerobics n. ski jumping
2. How many names of sports can you find in this wordsearch? The words may appear in any direction.
5. Match the sport with the location
WO S BAS EBALLU A I MH О HWGS MA A LTNECRICKETR REHDS S HOUTQC JCALS KOG MT О H MA MB LUAOREEE MA VRONRLUTRR A S H E I MP F ME О Y О В OW L S С К I N О О DHRIEIKLENUE UKISSONAS IGO JODARTS I I SLL
3. Match the sport and the description
1.	tennis
2.	jogging
3.	swimming
4.	fencing
5.	skiing
6.	skating
7.	rowing
8.	hockey
9.	sailing
10.	boxing
a.	is done in water
b.	a boat is needed for it
c.	is a team sport
d.	is played by two or four with a ball
e.	can be done alone
f.	can only be done by two
g.	wind is necessary
h.	is done on ice
i.	swords are used for it
j.	snow is necessary for it
4.	What do you call a person who
a.	plays golf________________________________
b.	rides a Dicycle___________________________
c.	plays tennis______________________________
d.	rides horses
in races__________________________________
e.	drives cars in races______________________
f.	does the high jump________________________
g.	runs fast over short
distances_________________________________
h.	does gymnastics _ ________________________
i.	throws a discus _	____________
j.	does windsurfing__________________________
a. golf
b. boxing
c. tennis
d. swimming
e. football
f. athletics
g. ice-skating
1.	rink
2.	pool
3.	stadium
4.	pitch (held)
5.	court
6.	ring
7.	course
PRONUNCIATION CLASS
Can you read these words correctly?
karate judo wrestling archery javelin rugby rodeo lacrosse umpire referee
WHICH OF THE TWO?
Referee or umpire?
Both referee and umpire are judges. Referee is used in connection with basketball, boxing, football, hockey, rugby, lacrosse, and wrestling. Umpire is used in connection with badminton, baseball, cricket, swimming, tennis and volleyball.
IT’S NOT CRICKET
The game of cricket has given a useful phrase to the English language. If a man says that something is “not cricket", he means it’s unfair, unsporting and un-Engiish. “It’s not cricket” to run off with your best friend’s girl. “It’s not cricket” to kick a man when he is already down. Today, the expression is used mostly by older generation or jokingly.
SMALLTALK
1. Before talking about the details of your business, there is usually a period of social conversation (small talk). Often the first words are the most difficult. Below are some suggestions for 'breaking the ice'. Which of the sentences could be said by a visitor, and which by the person receiving the visitor?
a)	Sorry I'm a little early. I hope it is not inconvenient.
b)	Is the weather the same in your country?
c)	Sorry to keep you waiting. I was rather tied up just now.
d)	I'm pleased to be here, after a trip like that!
e)	Is this your first visit? What do you think of the city?
f)	People are very helpful here. On my way to meet you ...
g)	Isn't it cold today?
h)	You found us without too much difficulty, then?
i)	It's good of you to spare the time.
j)	It's kind of you to come all this way.
к)	I like you offices. Have you been here long?
I)	Did you have a good trip?
m)	Would you like a cup of coffee?
2. Small talk can be difficult. A good tactic is to ask questions. There are three reasons for this: people like talking about themselves; it is easier for you to listen; you may learn something useful!
e.g.
How big is your department?
Does your firm have many overseas branches?
Have you worked here long?
Who is in charge of your publicity department?
Does the international situation affect your exports?
How does international situation ...?
Does Jim Alder still work here?
3. If the small talk continues too long, you may want to change the subject to business matters. Here ate some ways of doing it.
A With someone you know well:
Let's get down to business or Let's get started.
В With someone you don't know well:
Perhaps we could talk about the subject of our meeting.
or
Shall we talk about the reason I'm here?
Which expression would you use in the following situations?
a)	On a sales visit to a potential customer.
b)	At a weekly planning meeting with colleagues.
c)	At your first meeting with a new group of auditors.
d)	At a meeting to obtain finance from a bank.
e)	Before making a speech at an office party. (answers on page 56)
Based on English on Business, Practical English for International Executives, by Gerald Lees and Tony Thorne. Reprinted with kind permission of Titul Publishing House.
IV or not TV?
Television has become an everyday part of our lives. It's omnipresent, always on...
But is this a good thing or a bad one? Don't we spend too much of our precious time in front of the 'box'? Haven't we become lazier because of it? Is TV dangerous?
Here's what different people say about television. Who do you agree with?
1.	Some people say that television is dangerous. I don't think so. After all, it keeps you informed about what's happening in the world. You can also see films and plays, and be entertained... or you can watch documentaries and learn something new.
2.	In spite of all its defects, television can teach us a lot of things. The trick is to learn to control it and use it intelligently. The ideal is to turn on the TV only when there is a programme which is really amusing and interesting.
3.	A lot of rubbish has been written about television. I think it's a wonderful invention. It's a cheap form of entertainment, which gives pleasure to millions of people, especially those who live alone. It's also a wonderful way of escaping from our dull reality.
4.	TV's just part of life really. It involves us in strong emotions: love, hate, passion. Even the silliest of 'soaps' help me to solve my own problems by showing me what might happen if I do certain things. Sometimes they show me what not to do.
1.	Television is a terrible waste of time. I know a lot of people who just sit down in front of the 'box' and watch whatever's on. They spend hours watching silly Mexican soap operas and second-rate American films when perhaps they ought to be doing something else.
2.	In my opinion, television makes us lazier. We stay at home instead of going out. We read less. We think less. We even talk less. It cuts us off from reality. But isn't real life better than this passive enjoyment?
3.	There's too much blood and violence on TV. We begin to believe that the world is an unfriendly place, filled with cruel people and risky circumstances. The violent, crime-filled world shown on TV may turn people into criminals.
4.	Television is like a drug: we get addicted to certain TV series and simply can't switch it off. Most programmes are filled with silly commercials. What I hate most about TV is that it often uses strong language. It has a terrible influence on children and young people.
How many hours do you spend in front of the TV? 4 Iudo^ Do you believe that violence on TV may turn people into criminals?
In what way does TV influence our language?
Some people say that television kills conversation. Do you agree? Do you know how to protect yourself from the bad influences of television?
omnipresent [ omni'prezant] вездесущий
precious [prefes] драгоценный
documentary [ dokju'menteri] документальный фильм
rubbish [YAbiJ] ерунда, чепуха
to escape [i skeip] from reality уходить от реальности to involve [in'volv] вовлекать
passion ['paejrj] страсть
soap [ soup] (soap opera) мыльная опера
second-rate [ sekend reit] низкосортный, посредственный
violence [ vaiolens] насилие
circumstance ['S3:kamstens] обстоятельство, ситуация
drug [drAg] наркотик
to get addicted [a diktid] to привыкать, пристраститься commercial [кэ'тзф] телереклама
influence [Influens] влияие
WHAT KIND OF
VIEWER ARE YOU?
Everyone has a different way of using television. Here are some types of television viewers.
The absent-minded
This type of viewer leaves the TV on all day. In the meantime, he eats, phones, reads or does his homework. For him television is really just background noise for his day.
The addict
He won’t give up TV for anything in the world. He watches the programmes in silence, with great concentration. Even during commercials, he won’t leave the screen for fear of losing a second of the programme. He usually chooses the programmes he wants to watch very carefully.
The bored
He puts the TV on when he s got nothing better to do. For him TV is the last resort. He only watches it when it’s raining or when he’s ill.
WHAT SORT OF VIEWER ARE YOU?
What’s your relationship with television? To find out, choose the answer you like best and then read what your answers mean.
1.	You look up the programmes before you put the TV on.
a)	Rarely
b)	Sometimes
c)	Often
2.	If there isn’t a programme which interests you, you don’t switch on the TV.
a)	Rarely
b)	Sometimes
c)	Often
3.	You’ve got favourite programmes which you can’t miss.
a)	None
b)	Some
c)	A lot
4.	You like talking to friends about television programmes.
a)	Rarely
b)	Sometimes
c)	Often
absent-minded ' aebsent'maindid] рассеянный background ['baekgraud] noise шум на заднем плане addict [ aedikt] наркоман, человек, которого не оторвешь от телевизора
commercial [ke'ms:JI] телереклама
to escape [i'skeip] from reality уходить от реальности
in return в ответ
superficial [ su:pe'fifl] неглубокий, поверхностный to influence finfluans] влиять
•>|ooq e pvaj oj janaq szji saujijauuo$ ’qonuu ooj aji| jo Лем pur a8en§ue| jnoA oDuanyui ji ja| j,uop pue aouejjoduui qonuu ooj эл1§ oj sou |njajeo ag ’sauuiuejSojd asooqo oj Moq mou>| puE asuas |EOijijo poo§ e aAeq под ‘A qJ!M diqsuoijEpj элцэе ue joS алрод
•SJ0MSUE 3 JO Aji JOlfeyy
jsaoioqo jnoA ui ppipadns ooj aq oj jou |npjEO aq 'o$ ’jqSiu jEqj uo sjaAajeqM qojEM поЛ auuoq je Aejs oj элец noA jj jng -op oj 8ui -jsajajui ajouu Suiqjauuos spjaqj ji dn ji oai§ oj uua| -qojd ou sj| ’noA joj juEjjodtui Ajoa jzusi uoispapi
sjOMSue g jo Ajuofeyy
•uajjo ooj ji op j,up|noqs noA jeqj juBjJoduui s;ji jnq 'Ajijeoj uuojj adeoso oj poo§ s,ji sauuijaujog ’S§uiqj §uijsajajuj ajouu dn эл|8 jo sjaqjo uuojj jpsjnoA ajEpsi oj jou pjajEo ag -uunjaj ui qaniu joj >|se jyusaop pur AuEduuoa noA sdaa>| aj_ -Ajipaj uuojj ^uideosa jo Aem e si ai SuiqojEM noA joj
•sjdMSue у jo Ajuofeyy
ON WAR AND PEACE
I am not only a pacifist but a militant pacifist. I am willing to fight for peace. Nothing will end war unless the people themselves refuse to go to war.
Albert Einstein
If there is another war in Europe, it will come out of some damned silly thing in the Balkans.
Otto von Bismarck
I think that people want peace so much that one of these days governments had better get out of the way and let them have it.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Give peace a chance.
John Lennon
Waste of Blood, and Waste of Tears, Waste of youth’s most precious years, Waste of ways the saints have trod, Waste of Glory7, waste of God, War!
G. A. Studdert Kennedy
There is many a boy here today who looks on war as all glory, but, boys, it is all hell.
General Sherman
Next to a battle lost, the greatest misery is a battle gained.
Duke of Wellington
There never was a good war, or a bad peace.
Benjamin Franklin
I have never met anyone who wasn’t against war. Even Hitler and Mussolini were, according to themselves.
David Low
Laws are silent in time of war.
Cicero
It is easier to make war than to make peace.
Georges Clemenceau
We make war so that we may live in peace.
Aristotle
Happy is that city which in time of peace thinks of war.
Anonymous: inscription found in the armoury of Venice
The sword is the axis of the world and its power is absolute.
Charles de Gaulle
The quickest way of ending a war is to lose it.
George Orwell
This world in arms is not spending money alone. It is spending the sweat of its labourers, the genius of its scientists, the hopes of its children.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Rule 1, on page 1 of the book of war, is: ‘Do not march on Moscow’.
Field Marshal Montgomery
Hey, hey, for Halloween!
Then the witches shall be seen, Some in black, and some in green, Hey, hey, for Halloween!
5
You should be very careful on the night of October 31. This is the night when witches and ghosts come out!
Halloween is the most famous of witches' festivals. They ride on brooms through the
midnight air to meet with the Devil. Black cats, their best friends, usually accompany them.
Poor cold ghosts come out of the lonely woods and fields and warm themselves in people’s houses.
Ghosts and witches are not the only ones who come out at Halloween. From their hiding places come hundreds of demons, skeletons, goblins and other supernatural creatures.
5
Halloween [ haelau i.n] канун для всех святых witch [witf] ведьма ghost [gaust] привидение to ride [laid] (rode; ridden) ездить (на) broom [bru:m] метла
midnight [ rntdnait] полночь; midnight air непроглядная тьма to accompany [o kAmpani] сопровождать lonely [ launli] одинокий; глухой
hiding place [ haidigpleis] тайное укрытие, убежище
goblin [ goblin] гоблин

Children in the US, Great Britain and Ireland like Halloween very much.
In the weeks before October 31, they decorate the windows of their houses and schools with pictures of witches, black cats and bats.
They make lanterns out of pumpkins. They are called jack-o’-lantems.
Black and orange are traditional Halloween colours.
On October 31, children dress up as
ghosts and witches, skeletons and Draculas, and have noisy parties.
Sometimes they go to the people’s houses and ring at the door, shouting ‘Trick or treat!’ The person who opens the door must give the children a treat-some sweets or cookies. If not, the children play a trick on them. For example, they can throw flour at the window or draw a funny picture on the door.
Halloween parties are great fun.
supernatural [ su:pa naetfrol] сверхъестественный creature [ krirtfa] существо, создание bat [Dart] летучая мышь lantern [ laentan] фонарь pumpkin ['рлтркш] тыква
jack-o’-lantern [djaek э laentan] фонарь из тыквы Dracula [ draekjula] Дракула
Trick or treat [tri:t]! Угощай, или мы тебя проучим! to play a trick сыграть шутку, напакостить flour [ fiaua] мука

HUMPTY DUMPTY
Boo!
treat!
Some Helpful Hints or a Ha
Halloween
your
2. Dress as a ghost and scare your friends (simple white is better!).
6. Tell your friends a horror story! But first turn off the lights.
4. Bob for apples! Try to catch an apple in your mouth when it’s bobbing about in the water. With your hands behind your back, it is not as easy as you think.
5. Discover future!
3. Irritate your neighbours! Don’t forget to say, ‘Trick or treat!’ or maybe ‘Trick or treat, smell my feet, give me something good to eat.’
1. Make a jack-o’-lantern. First take out the middle of the pumpkin. Then carve the eyes, nose and mouth on the pumpkin and put a candle inside. Your parents and teachers will be scared stiff! -
to carve [ka v] вырезать candle [ кэепсН] свеча to scare [skee] пугать
to be scared stiff быть напуганным до смерти
to bob (for) хватать ртом
to hob (about) плавать в соде
to turn off выключать
Do the crossword and you'll know the name
Mow
son
Good winds.
Move on 3.
Follow the i Shortcut.
Have a cup of at your friend Miss a turn.
The winds are good. Move on 2
Take some magic potion Move on 4.
Caught in a storm Go back 5
Your cat is hungry. Move back 4
a magic apple. Have another . turn.
START Upper flight path
START Lower flight path
Follow a secret path. Have another к turn.
he ruined caste stands dark and misterious on the moonlit mountain. Soon, witches, wizards and demons will be flying in from all around. Two witches are just setting out They have a long iourney ahead. The game is for two players. You will need a dice and two small counters. One player throws to choose his flight path. If he throws a 1,2 or 3 he takes the upper path. If he throws a 4,5 or 6 he takes the lower path. The other player has the path that is left. Take turns to throw and move your counters, fol low .ng the instructions on the way. The first one to the castle is the winner.	ЛК ' Ы4 v
Crossroads. Miss a turn
Mountain tunnel. Shortcut.
Follow the rat. Shortcut.
The bats art helping you. Move on 3.
\ The wizard gives you pow Move on 3.
Talk to rhe goblins.
Miss a turn
Stop to pick some flowers Miss a tum.
Have g rest. Miss a tum.
Flying fault.
Move back 3
to miss a turn пропустись x magic [ maed jik] волшебный potion [ paujn] зелье, снадп crossroads| krosrondz] перекресток
shortcut [ fo:tkM] кратчайш, путь
ointment [ omtmont] мазь to bump [Ьлтр] ударяться, налетать на
fault [fo.lt] ошибка tunnel [ t/.nl] тоннель power [ paua] сила, власть
More flying ointment.
Move on 3.
ruined ['ruiindj разрушенный castle [ ka st] замок mysterious [mistiaras] таинственный
moonlit [ mu:niit] залитый лунным светом
wizard [ wized] колдун demon ('di man] демон to sot out отправляться, выезжать
journey [dja ni] путешествие dice [dais] кубик counter [ kaunta] фишка path [pa:0] дорожка, тропинка upper [ лра] верхний lower [laua] нижний
Say a magic word Move on 4.
Уои к bumped into a tree. Miss a tum.
you’ve lost your hat. Move back 4.
" ? Уоц’ге the winner.
Happy Halloween:
A witch... has magic in her fingers and devilry dancing in her blood. She can make stones jump about like frogs and she can make tongues of flame go flickering across the surface of the water. These magic powers are very frightening.
I do not wish to speak badly about women. Most women are lovely. But the fact remains that all witches are women.
Roald Dahl (1916-90), a popular British writer, especially of children’s books
rom earliest times, peo-
world have believed in witches. Originally, a witch was either a man or a woman who had magic powers. Through the years, however, only women came to be considered witches.
People once blamed witches for any unexplained misfortune, such as a sudden death or illness, or a crop loss.
They also thought that witches could raise storms and turn people into beasts. The legendary Circe, for example, turned Odysseus’s friends into pigs.
Witches, it was believed, worked with the devil and did everything they could to please him. Their job was to do harm and to bring bad luck. But they could help people too. For example, a person in love could ask a witch for a love potion.
How old is witchcraft?
Some scholars regard witchcraft as an extremely old system of organized religious worship and trace it back to pre-Christian times. The early Church Fathers thought that witchcraft was a delusion and strongly disapproved of it. In the following centuries, however, belief in witchcraft spread. Even today, according to some scholars, more than half the people in the world think
witchcraft [ witjkra:ft] колдовство magic [ maed3ik] колдовство, магия devilry [ devlri] коварство, злоба, бесовщина tongues [ tAijz] of flame языки пламени to flicker [ Hike] мерцать came to be considered стали считаться to blame винить, обвинять misfortune [mis fo:tjn] беда, несчастье crop loss неурожай
beast [bi:st] зверь
Circe ['S3:si] Цирцея
Odysseus [o disies] Одиссей to do harm причинять вред to bring bad luck приносить несчастье love potion [ peufn] любовный напигок scholar [ skole] ученый to regard [ri ga:d] считать, рассматривать worship [ W3:jip] обряд, поклонение
to trace back прослеживать, обнаруживать pre-Christian [ pri: kristjan] дохристианский delusion [drlu:3n] заблуждение to disapprove [ dise pru:v] не одобрять to spread [spred] (spread) распространяться to influence [ influens] оказывать влияние trial [ traiel] процесс, суд execution [,eksi kju:fn] казнь innocent [ inasent] невинный, невиновный
that witches can influence their lives.
Trials and executions
was immediately found guilty. A second way was to com-
A woman who did not shed tears was
Detecting a witch
There were several ways of
in the 1400s, public ‘trials’ and executions of witches began in Europe. We will never know how many inno-
to confess [ken fes] признаваться
to avoid [e void] избегать
torment [to:ment] мука, мучение to detect [crtekt] обнаруживать, разоблачать
mole [maul] родинка
scar [ska:] шрам
to stick [stik] (stuck) втыкать, вонзать without causing pain не причиняя боли
for the sake of ради, для superstition Lsupastijn] суеверие Joan of Arc [ бзэип av a:k] Жанна д’Арк to be found guilty [ gilti] of быть признанным виновным в heresy [ heresi] ересь
was burnt at the stake (ее) сожгли на костре to suffer [ SAfo] страдать torture [ to.tfo] пытка
birthmark [ Ьз:0та:к] родимое пятне
to float [flent] плыть, не тонуть
to sink [siQk] (sank; sunk) погружаться в воду, идти ко дну
to drown [draun] тонуть
suspect [ sAspekt] подозреваемый
Lord’s Prayer [,lo:dz ргеэ] Отче наш
to weep (wept) плакать
to shed tears проливать слезы
women, died for the sake of this terrible superstition. Witches were hanged and burnt alive.
In 1431, Joan of Arc, the French national heroine, was found guilty of witchcraft and heresy, and was burnt at the stake.
From 1484 to 1782, according to some historians, the Christian church put to death about 300,000 women for practising witch
craft. Many of these women suffered such terrible torture that they confessed to being witches simply to avoid further torment.
woman was a witch or not. A mole, a scar or another mark on the woman’s body where a pin could be stuck without causing pain were considered to be the devil’s marks (places where the devil had touched the guiky woman). Devil’s marks also included birthmarks.
In another test, people tied the suspected woman’s arms and legs and threw her into deep water. If she float
cd, she was considered guilty of being a witch. If she sank, she was innocent (but probably died by drowning).
There were other popular methods, too. One was to make the suspect say the Lord’s Prayer. If she
Yet another test was
against large church Bible.
woman was declared a witch if
Matthew Hopkins,
Bible was more than her own.
Witch-finders
During the 1600s and 1700s,
witchcraft swept over Europe. Thousands of women were tried and executed as witches. 1 he courts allowed gossip and rumour to be used as evidence. Many children testified against their own parents.
whose job was to search witches.
Finder General’ in England.
work. He travelled around
discover as many witches as he could. He stopped in many towns and villages
Matthew Hopkins was an expert in detecting witches. Even an insect-bite would convince him that a woman was a witch. But his favourite method was the witch-ducking or ‘swimming , as it is shown in the picture. They say Matthew Hopkins himself died from a ‘swimming’ in the local pond.
Witches’ Sabbaths usually take place in a dark and lonely place.
It may be a ruined castle, a wood, or a crossroads...
It is the dead of night and the moon casts an eenc light over the castle and the gnarled trees around it. Witches and other ‘guests’are riding on brooms or on the backs of animals...
Soon the witches* master will appear. Here is a high throne for him. Then the celebration begins. A fire is lit, the huge cauldron is set up and a feast is prepared for the whole gathering. Music
the cock crows the next morning.
to declare fdikieo] объявлять
swept over Europe охватил всю Европу witch-finder [ witpamde] ист, следователь по делам лиц, обвиняемых в колдовстве gossip [ gosip] сплетня rumour [ ru:mei слух evidence [ evidens] улики
to testify [ testifai] датать показания
to be eager [l:ge] to стремитоСя,
очень хотеть
fee [fi:] плата, гонорар
insect-bite [msektbait] укус насекомого to convince [ken vins] убеждать witch-ducking [ wit[ dAkirj] “купание” ведьм
ruined [ ru:ind] разрушенный
crossroads [krosreudz] перекресток
the dead of night глубокая ночь
to cast [ka:st] (cast) бросать, отбрасывать eerie [ ion] жуткий
gnarled [na:ld] сучковатый, искривленный cauldron [ koldran] котел
ion
In the mid-1900s, a new interest in witchcraft occurred in Europe and the
pic meet regularly in d covens (usually in groups of 1.3 members). Witchcraft festivals called Witches’ Sabbaths take place four times a year, one in each The most important festival falls on October 31.
Books, films and television shows have done much to lessen the fear of witches and witchcraft. Today, many witches are
United States. As a result, witchcraft as an organized has attracted large numbers of believers. These
A change for the better
In the 18th century it all came to an end. In 1736, a new law was made in England to replace the Witchcraft Act that James I had brought ii dred years witches could no longer be punished by death. A person suspected of witchcraft was to be kept in prison and put in the stocks every three months. The stocks were made of wood. They were used to lock a guilty woman’s arms and legs so that she could not move.
Witchcraft today
portrayed ; attractive, slightly unusu women whose supe i qat- __ ural activities do harm to
coven [ kAvn] сборище ведьм Sabbath [ saeboO] шабаш Halloween [ haeleu i:n] канун дня всех святых
to lessen [ lesn] уменьшать supernatural [ su:pe naetjrel] сверхъестественный
feast [fust] пир, празднество
to crow [krau] кукарекать
to replace [ri pleis] заменять
to bring in вводить (закон)
to put in the stocks [stoks] сажать
в колодки
to occur [e кз:] случаться, происходить
т н
GIRAFFE
he giraffe is the tallest of all animals. A male giraffe may grow more than 5.5 meters tall — 1.5 meters taller
than the African elephant, the second
tallest animal. The giraffe’s legs are 1.8
meters long, and its neck may be even longer. But even though giraffes tower over other animals, most adult males weigh only about 1,200 kilograms. A male African elephant may weigh more than 5 times as much.
The most striking feature of the giraffe is its long neck. Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, a famous French zoologist, had an interesting theory about it. He believed that at cne time the giraffe’s neck had been much shorter, and that it had grown to its
unusual length because of the animal’s habit of reaching for the tender leaves in the upper branches of trees. This theory is not held by scientists in general. However, it is true that the giraffe can pick the leaves from the upper branches of the mimosa and acacia trees which it likes so much.
G’raffes live in Africa south of the Sahara in open woodlands. There they lead a simple life, but they live in constant fear of their enemy, the lion.
They feed on the leaves, twigs, and fruit of trees and bushes. Like cows, they chew a cud, which Is food that has entered the stomach but is returned to the mouth for a second chewing. The giraffe uses its long
giraffe [d3i'ra.f] жираф
male [meil] самец
to tower [ taua] возвышаться
adult [ aedAlt], [e dAlt] взрослый striking [straikig] поразительный feature [fi Цо] особенность, характерная черта
habit ['haebit] призычка tender [ tenda] нежный to hold a tneory [Giari] придерживаться теории
mimosa [mi mauza] мимоза acacia [o keijs] акация Sahara [sa hairs] Сахара constant [konstant] постоянный enemy [enami] враг twig [twig] веточка, прут to chew [t[u:] a cud жовать жвачку stomach [stAmak] желудок marking [ ma.Kig] пятно patchlike [ paetjlaik] похожий на заплату tawny [to.ni] рыжева го-коричневый
chestnut ["tjesriAt] каштановый pattern [ paetan] рисунок trunk [trAigk] ствол distinct [d: stujkt] зд. особый, индивидуальный
gentle [djeptl] нежный, кроткий innocent [inosant] невинный horn [horn] рог forehead [fond] лоб female ['fi'meii] самка vision [л/ijn] зрение
upper lip and its tongue, which is about 53 centimetres long to gather food from tree branches.
It’s not easy to see giraffes standing among trees. Do you know why? It’s because of the special markings on their bodies. A giraffe’s coat has patchlike markings of tawny (light brownish-yellow) to chestnut-brown. The lines that separate the patches are lighter tawny or white. This colour pattern helps to protect giraffes by making them hard to see when they stand among trees. Also, their long legs iook a bit like tree trunks. Trees almost hide the animals. Besides, each individual giraffe has its own distinct coat pattern.
The giraffe’s head is small and narrow, and the eyes, dark and soft, give the animal a gentle and innocent expression.
On its head the giraffe has two short horns covered with skin and hair. Some giraffes have a third small horn on the forehead. The horns of the female are smalier than those of the male.
Giraffes have good vision and hearing, hey seldom use their voice, low and throaty, but can utter a variety of soft sounds.
The giraffe’s gait is very funny. It walks by lifting the two legs on one side of the body and then the other two on the other side However, it can gallop at more than 56 kilometres an hour.
It’s amusing to watch the giraffe in the act of drinking or picking something from the ground. To do this it must spread its legs арап, which it does so clumsiiy that it makes him look very funny.
A female giraffe carries her young inside her body for about 15 months before giving birth. A new-born baby giraffe is about 1.8 metres tall and weighs 68 kilograms. In an hour the baby will be able to stand on its legs. The cow (female
giraffe) nurses its young with milk for nine or ten months, though the baby eats small amounts of green plants from the age of two weeks. A young giraffe grows very quickly. A one-year-old giraffe is already about 2.8 meters tall.
Only one baby giraffe is born to a mother at a time. Sometimes a few young giraffes may be seen staying close to an adult female giraffe, though she is not their mother. Often a female adult giraffe will watch over young ones who are not her own. She’s like a giraffe baby-sitter.
Giraffes rest in the middle of the day, when it :s hot. If they lie down, they twist their heads and rest them on the:r own bodies. They don’t sleep long, only a few minutes at a time. Very often giraffes don’t even lie down: with their eyes half closed, they take a short nap standing.
When the animals sleep or have a rest one of them (sometimes more) always stands on guard.
When a giraffe sees danger it gives a warning cry, and all the giraffes start running. Very young animals, however, cannot run as fast as their parents. Sc sometimes a mother with a young giraffe will not be able to escape from a lion. Then she nudges her young one to a safe place — under her own body, between her front legs. If a lion comes close and tries to attack, the giraffe will kick out with her hard front hooves. These blows can be very powerful. Then the giraffe can gallop off safely with her young one.
Something else helps to keep the giraffes safe — a little bird called the tick bird.
The tick bird runs all over the animal’s back and stomach, but the giraffe doesn’t mind. The tick oird is looking for ticks. When the little bird sees danger it runs up the giraffe’s neck and uses its beak to tap a warning to the giraffe.
throaty [Oieuti] хриплый to utter [ Ata] издавать variety [ve'raioti] ряд gait [geit] походка to gallop [ gaelep] скакать, нестись галопом
clumsiiy [ klAmzil] неуклюже new-born ['nju:bo:n] новорожденный to nurse [пз s1 выкармливать to twist йзгиСать, скручивать to rest [rest] класть
amount [a'maunt] количество
to take a nap [пзер] дремать
to stand on guard [ga:d] стоято на часах, охранять
warning ['wo nig] предупреждающий, предупредительный
to escape [i skeip] убегать спасаться бегством
to nudge [плбз] подталкивать
to keck out лягаться
hoof [hu:f] (pl. hooves) копыто
blow [bleu] удар
tick [t*k] bird птица, поедающая насекомых на животных beak [bi:k] клюв
to tap [таер] стучать
SP₽ar-vUl 45'99
When in Britain...
Visitors to Britain are often surprised by the strange behaviour of its inhabitants. The British like forming queues. They queue up when waiting for a bus, theatre tickets, in shops... A well-known writer George Mikes, a Hungarian by birth, joked: ‘An Englishman, even if he is alone, forms an orderly queue of one’.
So one of the worst mistakes is to get on a bus without waiting your turn. The British are very sensitive to such behaviour and they may get really annoyed with queue-jumpers - people who don’t wait their turn in the queue.
Drivers in cars can become quite aggressive if they think you are jumping the queue in a traffic jam. Newspapers often publish angry articles about people who pay money to bypass a hospital waiting list in order to get an operation more quickly.
behaviour [bi heivje] поведение inhabitant [in'haebiiont] житель queue [kju:] очередь
orderly [zo:deli] организованный, дисциплинированный
sensi tive ['sensitiv] чувствительный
to get annoyed [a noid] раздражаться
to jump the queue пройти без очереди
traffic ['tnaefik] jam «пробка», затор to bypass ['baipa:s] идти обходными путями
reserved [rirz3:vd] сдержанный
The British, especially the English, arc more reserved than the people of many other countries. They don’t like to show their emotions. They usually don’t easily get into conversation with strangers. They don’t like personal questions (for example, how much money they earn or about their family life). 1 hey take more time to make friends. They would like to know you better before they ask you home. So don’t be upset if your English friends don’t invite you home. It doesn’t mean they don’t like you!
If you are invited to a party, it is considered polite to call and say if you can or cannot come. Most parties are informal these days, so you don’t have to worry about what to wear — anything from jeans to suits will do.
If you are told to ‘help yourself to something, it doesn’t mean that your host is rude — he or she is showing that you are completely accepted and just like ‘one of the family’.
It is considered rude — or bad manners — to smoke in someone’s house without asking ‘Do you mind if I smoke?’
If you enjoyed the evening, call your hostess the next day, or write her a short ‘thank you’ letter. Perhaps it seems funny to you, but British people say ‘thank you, thank you, thank you’ all the time! They say ‘thank you’ even when they give money to a shop assistant.
These days most people in Britain do not wear very formal clothes. Of course, when they are ‘on duty’ they have to obey certain rules. You cannot imagine a bank employee without a suit or a tie. But when he is no longer ‘at work’, he can put on an old sweater and jeans, sometimes with holes in them.
If you go out to enjoy yourself, you can wear almost anything. It is no longer a requirement of theatres that the audience should wear evening dress. So what you wear depends, perhaps, on how much you paid for your ticket. At the Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, for example, spectators in die stalls, the circle and the boxes are usually dressed formally, whilst those peering down from the amphitheatre may well be in jeans. People do, however, tend to dress more formally for ballet and opera than for the theatre and concerts.
In recent years smoking has received a lot of bad publicity, and fewer people now smoke. There is no more smoking on the London Underground, in cinemas and theatres and most buses. Many companies have banned smoking from their offices and canteens. And non-smokers can be rude to smokers who break the rule and smoke in public places. There are, however, special
smokers’ carriages on trains and special cinemas for those who haven’t given up smoking yet.
Pubs are an important part of British life. People, especially men, go to the pub to relax, meet friends, and sometimes to do business.
At one time, it was unusual for women to go to pubs. These days, however, there are only a few pubs where it is surprising for a woman to walk in.
Children under the age of 14 arc still not allowed into some pubs.
Pub food is cheaper than most restaurant food, and you don’t have to leave a tip. But you do have to go to the bar to get your food and drink. There are no waiters in pubs.
In some countries it is considered bad manners to eat in the street. In Britain it is quite common to see people having a snack while walking down the road, especially at lunchtime. On the other hand, the British may be surprised to see young children in restaurants in the evening because children arc not usually taken out to restaurants late at night and, if they make a noise in public or in a restaurant, it is considered very rude. In Victorian times it used to be said that ‘Children should be seen and not heard’, since children did not participate at all in public life. In recent years children are playing a more active role and they are now accepted in many pubs and restaurants.
Good and bad manners make up the social rules of a country and are not always easy to learn because they are often not written down in books! The British have an expression for following these "unwritten rules": "When in Rome, do as the Romans do".
help yourself угощайтесь, берите сами rude [ru:d] невоспитанный
to accept [ek'sept] принимать
to obey [эи bei] certain rules следовать определенным правилам
employee [,ampbi'i:] служащий requirement [rrkwaiement] требование, необходимое условие
audience ['o:diens] зрители
spectator [spek'teite] зритель
stalls [sto:lz] партер
circle [ S3:kl] бельэтаж
box [boks] ложа
to peer [pie] вглядываться, всматриваться amphitheatre ['aemfiOiata] амфитеатр
to tend [tend] быть склонным
bad publicity [рл blisiti] зд общественное осуждение to ban [baen] запрещать
carriage [каегбз] вагон
to relax [ri'laeks] расслабиться
to allow [alau] разрешать
tip [tip] чаевые
to have a snack [snaekj перекусить (на ходу)
to participate [partisipeit] участвовать
PAGANINI'S RAVIOLI
Nicolo Paganini’s violin technique was so spectacular that some listeners sought explanations in the supernatural. Franz List claimed, “They even whispered that he had sold his soul to the Devil and that the fourth string of his violin was made of his wife's intestine, which he himself had cut out. ’’ Paganini worked wonders in the kitchen too, but he used less exotic ingredients, as in this recipe, written in his own hand and now in the Music Division of the Library of Congress.
For a pound and a half of flour, two pounds of good lean beef to make the sauce. Put in the frying pan some butter,
I’iWM J Ml	4
then a small amount of finely chopped onions, and brown slightly. Put in the beef, and cook till it begins to take on a bit of colour. For a thick sauce, take a few pinches of flour and gradually sprinkle them into the meat juices to brown, then take some tomato paste, dilute it with water, pour some of this mixture into the flour in the frying pan, and mix well to dissolve. Finally add some finely chopped and pounded dried mushrooms, and that’s the sauce.
When rolling out sheets of eggless dough, add a little bit of salt to help with the consistency.
Now for the filling. Using the same pan as for the meat in the sauce, cook half a pound of lean veal, then remove it, chop it and pound it. Take a calf’s brain, boil it, then remove the skin covering the brain, chop and pound well. Take a good pinch of borage, boil, squeeze out thoroughly, and pound well.
Take three eggs, beat them and add the ingredients listed above, which should be pounded again, with a little Parmesan cheese added to the eggs. And that’s the filling.
You could use a capon in place of the veal and sweetbreads in place of the brain for a more delicate filling. If the filling is hard, add some meat juice.
For ravioli, cut the dough slightly wet and leave for an hour, covered, to give thin sheets.
2	'	f J
technique [tek'ni:k] техника (скрипача) spectacular [spektsekjula] эффектный, захватывающий
to seek (sought) искать
supernatural [ su:pa'naetjral] зд. сверхъестественное
to claim [kleim] утверждать
string струна
intestines [in'testinz] кишки
to work wonders ['WAndaz] творить чудеса ingredient [in gradient] ингредиент, составная часть
recipe [Yesipi] рецепт
pound [paund] фунт (453,6 г)
flour ['flaue] мука
lean [li:n] постный, нежирный
sauce [so:s] coyc
finely [fainli] мелко  to chop рубить, шинковать to brown [braim] поджарить, подрумянить to take on colour приобрести цвет, подрумяниться
pinch [pint]] щепотка
to sprinkle [ sprnjkl] посыпать
to dilute [dai'lu:t] разводить, разбавлять
to dissolve [di'zolv] растворять
to pound [paund] толочь, раздроблять, измельчать
to roll out [raul'aut] раскатывать dough [dau] тесто consistency [kan'sistensi] консистенция filling ['filirj] начинка, фарш veal [vi:l] телятина
to remove [ri'mu v] снимать, удалять calf [ka.f] (pl calves) теленок brain [brein] мозги
borage ['borid3] бурачник, огуречник to squeeze out [skwi:z'aut] выжимать, выдавливать
thoroughly ['©Arali] тщательно
Parmesan [,pa:mi'zaen] cheese сыр пармезан capon ['keipan] кастрированный кролик sweetbread ['swi:tbred] «сладкое мясо» (зобная и поджелудочная железы)
w
e are talking about a very unusual sport. Lovers of this sport take up the challenge of climbing frozen waterfalls. When the temperature goes down to several degrees below zero, rivers stop flowing and waterfalls turn into huge sheets of ice. These enormous columns of ice caught the imagination of a French mountain-climber who, about 20 years ago, decided to try climbing them. To climb the ice he put a couple of crampons on his feet and carried two ice-axes.
Then, a little nervous, he began ... to climb the waterfall. Slowly he managed to climb a few metres.
CLIMBING FROZEN WATERFALLS
Rule number 1: be very brave Rule number 2: don't suffer from fear of heights
Rule number 3: be resistant to cold
"It's not difficult!" he thought while he was catching his breath. "Tomorrow ГН come back with a rope and try to reach the top".
Thus, a new sport was born.
In recent years, it has been very successful and has spread all over the world.
This risky and exciting sport attracts a lot of young people.
To practise it though, you must know climbing techniques well and most importantly you must know about ice.
Sometimes, if the temperature rises a few degrees, entire walls of ice, 40 metres wide, can become detached and crash to the ground.
For this reason, it's very important always to find out about the conditions and thickness of the ice before climbing a waterfall. If the ice makes any strange noises while you're climbing, it's better to come down quickly and put off challenging the waterfall until another day.
to be resistant [ri'zistent] to cold не бояться холода
to take up the challenge ptjaelindj] принимать вызов, рисковать waterfall [ wo:tefo:l] водопад huge [hju:d3] огромный enormous [i no:mas] огромный column [ kolem] колонна, столб
to catch imagination [i maed3i nei[n]
захватить воображение
crampons ['kraempenz] кошки
(у альпинистов)
ice-axe [aisaeks] ледоруб, ледовый
топорик альпиниста
to catch one’s breath [breO] перевести дыхание, отдышаться
rope [reup] веревка, канат technique [teknkk] техника (альпиниста), навыки entire [in'taie] весь, целый to become detached [di'taetft] отделиться, отойти
condition [ken dijn] состояние to put off откладывать, отложить
\A/inner6
HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW PUSHKIN?
The first five correct answers were sent by Yakovleva Natalia (Moscow) Budnikov Aleksei (Kaluga) Belikova Tatiana ( Obninsk) Fridman Irina (St Petersburg) Leontiev Vladimir (Moscow)
BAKER STREET CLUB 
The five first prize winners are:
Smolenskaya Natalia (Moscow)
Ivanova Irina (Sochi)
Mednikova Tamara (Moscow)
Volkov Alexander (Kolomna)
Vatnikov Sergei (Tver)
We hope you’ll enjoy the detective films we’ve prepared for you.
3 readers get special prizes:
Congratulations! Each of these five winners
Kharitonova Elena (Moscow) Mitrophanova Victoria (Kursk region) Morozova Vera (Kirov)
gets 250 roubles.
Seven readers get special prizes useful books and dictionaries.
LONGMAN DICTIONARY OFCONTEMPORARY ENGLISH
We had a massive response to this test, but only two winners!
Vorobieva Tamara (Cheboksary) Zavialova Ljudmila (Sverdlov region) Kirichenko Nina (Volgograd) Brushkovskaya Julia (Kaluga) Mekhedko Kate (Ivanovo) Ivanova Tatiana (Murmansk) Tsepenko Helen (Sosnovoborsk)
We’d also like to thank all those who took part in the contest.
The correct answers to the quiz were:
1. A 2. В 3. A 4. C 5. В 6. C
7. C 8. В
9. В 10. (А) С (В) В 11. C 12. C 13. (1) Mozart and Salieri (T) Poltava (3) Boris Godunov (4) The Covetous Knight (5) The Bronze Horseman (6) Eugeni Onegin
14. Blizzard Freedom Dubrovsky Village Poltava Prophet Shot Autumn Hero Caucasus
Our congratulations to
Klimov Vladimir (Kishinev) Gvozdev Pavel (Arkhangelsk) Pedchenko A. A.!
The dicitonary has already been sent to you.
Answers to the first two (the most difficult) tasks:
1.
1 on 2 from 3 the 4 — 5 never 6 into 7 in 8- 9 much 10 The 11- 12 you 13— 14 of 15- 16 before
2.
1 about 2 of 3 it 4 other 5 from 6 it 7 take 8 to 9 no
10 affect/influence/alter/change 11 lot 12 matter 13 price/cost 14 do/ cause
15 effect
POET'S CORNER
ПРИВЫЧКИ ГИППОПОТАМА
We were delighted to read your wonderful translations. Our experts have chosen three winners. Here are their poems.
ШКОЛА ТАНЦЕВ
Русалки в зелени Густой
Открыли школу Под водой.
Улитки рысью, Крабы вспять, Дельфины рвутся Танцевать.

И лишь медуза-крошка Тормозит немножко.
Она мала, она глупа, Не может выучить ни па.
Гиппопотам и грузен и силен, И головой огромной наделен. Свободно носит он большое тело, На мускулы рассчитывая смело.
Он сладости особенно не жалует: Мороженое, яблочный пирог, Но за едой себя обычно балует, Сдобрив горчицей гиппоухотдог.
Гиппопотам и справедлив и честен. Придерживаясь принципов своих, Он обществу и тем еще известен, Что никогда не отступал от них.
Машин, трамваев он не признает. Такси, автобусы сторонкой обойдет, Дорожных пробок избегая вероятности И прочих гиппонеприятностей.
Григорьева Т.
Поливко Е. Н.
В ГЛУБИНЕ
Под водой в глубине Среди зелени на дне У русалочек спортзал, Где танцует стар и мал.
ГИППОПОТАМСКИЕ ПРИВЫЧКИ
Гиппопотам здоров и толст.
И кости он не узкой.
Не выдержали б ноги торс
Без гиппотамомускул.
Как устрицы стремительны И в танце обольстительны! Вот еще танцуют пары — Это важные омары.
И дельфины тут как тут — Их всегда на танцы ждут.
Лишь медуза одна огорчается, Все не так у нее получается. Как малютке медузе обидно: Ей до танцев расти еще видно!
Поливко Е. Н.
ПОД водой
Средь изумрудных чистых вод Открыта школа круглый год. К русалкам устрицы спешат, Омары в танце семенят.
Дельфины, завиляв хвостом, Все закружились в танце том.
А вот медузы-то едва Разучат те простые па!
Родионова И.
Его так трудно соблазнить Мороженым и пиццей.
Но он не может для прожить Без гиппотамгорчицы.
Он верен принципам своим.
Он ценит честь и разум.
И сделает, что говорит И что гиппообязан.
В такси войти — огромный труд.
В трамвай — не хватит лавок. Терпеть не может этих пут И гиппотамодавок.
Григорьева Т.
Maisie Allen’s lips stretched
suburban house with its prim lace curtains. So this was what
Mark had come to after thirty years! The godlike Mark had come to this in the end!
It was the end, of course. The unspecified female relative who had written to Maisie in a crabbed and elderly hand had made that perfectly clear. Mark had at most a few more months to live, and he wanted to sec his old friend Maisie Allen before he died; that was the gist of the letter which Maisie now fingered almost lovingly with her tight black glove.
The triumph of it! Mark, who had once thought that he owned the world, that he owned Maisie and could demand of her anything he liked: Mark, who now lay dying in this squalid street with only some aged cousin to look after him. Not even a wife or a family to show for all that proud young strength! A little secret smile о -
hovered round Maisie’s mouth as she rang the bell.
The female relative had retired, still dimly chattering, down the dim linoleumed stairs, and Maisie was left to enter the bedroom alone. She hesitated — not from any fear of what she might feel at the sight of the former lover, alone and dying after thirty years, but from some uncertainty as to whether or not to keep on her hat and gloves. Both were becoming — the hat, in particular, with its crisp little brim, was a valuable addition to the evermore complicated apparatus necessary7 for making people exclaim that she didn’t look a day over forty. The gloves, too — everyone knows that well— chosen gloves can do a lot for a woman past her first womanhood.
On the other hand, it would be nice for him to notice, as he
lay there with his once all-domi-nating, all-demanding body ruined and shrunken, that her hair was still yellow and shining, that her hands were still white
and beautifully manicured. She
couldq’t actually show him her 1 luiunoi?s house in ^Richmond or her prosperous stockbroker hus-
band, but she’d soon get them into the conversation.
“Maisie?”
The voice from the bed did not sound either broken or humble, and Maisie was momentarily irritated and taken aback. 1 hen she recovered herself, cautiously made her face light up with the smile which showed her top teeth but not her less natural-looking bottom ones, and approached the bed.
Mark’s looks were gone; his
fire was gone; the blue eyes whose glance had once made her forget everything else on earth — well, not quite everything, thank goodness, or she wouldn’t now be living in that expensive house in Richmond — those eyes had faded to a his-treless, bloodshot grey.
“How are you, Mark?” she inquired brightly, and added, “I’ve brought x ou some flowers."
She Jumped the twelve red roses onto the bed. Something cheaper would have done equally well, but she had only remembered at the last minute that one is supposed to bring an invalid something, and roses were all that was left in the shop.
She waited for him to thank her, to look her up and down and tell her she looked as beautiful as ever. But he didn’t say any of these things. He simply gazed at the flowers lying on the blanket in front of him, as if in deep thought.
Suddenly he spoke, with a curious flash of the old arrogance — an arrogance that had no right to survive in so changed о a body.
“Let me sec your hands, Maisie. I haven’t seen your hainfs for thirty years.”
Startled, Maisie removed her gloves and held out her hands, palms downward so that the perfectly polished nails would show to best advantage. Sharply he turned them over and looked at the palms.
“Why, Maisie!” he said, in tones of gentle surprise. “They’re still beautiful!”
Maisie bristled with annoyance. Still beautiful, indeed! And why shouldn’t they be, she’d like to know? Anyone else would have told her that that she still looked beautiful — not a day over forty.
She forced a smile back onto j z- ' ' her face — the condescending one this time. He must be able to realise how completely the
tables were £urned since they last were together.
“Shall I put the flowers in water for you?” she inquired briskly,
’Yes! Oh, yes, please? And when you’ve done that, I’m going to ask you to do something else for me.”
As Maisie poked the roses one after another into the hideous glass vase produced by the relative from some lank
cupboard downstairs, she was conscious of Mark s eyes on her all the time. No, not on her — on her hands.
“Do you remember, Maisie, the last time I watched you arranging red roses in a vase?”
He spoke slowly, with his eyes on her hands, as if he were asking the question of them rather than of her. “Red roses. I’d brought them to you. It was the most beautif ul s:ght I had ever seen — your hands moving among the flowers.” He stopped. “I asked you for something then, Maisie, which you never gave me. Now I’m going to ask you for something else — something you may find it easier to give.”
Maisie eyed him guardedly, and he went on, “I just want you to get me the bottle of sleeping tablets from the bathroom. The doctor won’t let me have them within reach — nor will Cousin Edie. Mme is a painful complaint, you know,” he added gently, “and there is no one else I can ask to help me. I promise you nothing will happen till you are safe at home again. No one will be able to blame you. flease, Maisie, just get them for
me. I won’t take you a moment. In remembrance of the roses, all
those years ago.
Maisie stared at him, scan
dalised Was there no limit to the outrageous demands this
man would make on her? Once
it had been demands that no respectable girl could "submit to — and ipw this! Expecting her to abet mm in an actual :rime!
If she refused point-blank there would be a scene, and she had long ago had enough
scenes with Mark to last her a lifetime. Better humour him —
pretend she couldn’t find them, or something... . With face averted, she hurried off and found the bathroom. z
A fine array of bottles there, and no mistake! Cousin Edie must have almost as many things the matter with her as Mark himself? But she saw the bottle rMark meant — two of them, in fact — one nearly full, the other
empty.
It was the empty one that gave her the idea — the clever, amusing idea that would get her so neatly out of the whole business. All she had to do was to fill it with tablets that looked similar
but were really harmless — in all this collec tion there must be something that would do.
Ah, the very thing — vitamin tablets. They looked almost the same. Gigg^ng^ljke a schoolgirl, she tippedACnumoer of them into the empty bottle, patted
her make-up in the bathroom mirror, mid then, scarcely able to keep a straight face, returned to the bedroom.
How his face lit up! Maisie couk^regiggled aloud when he snatched the bottle and 'stuffed it under his pillow, then kissed her white hand over and
over again, with tears of gratitude in his eyes.
“You must go now, my love, my darljng!” he cried in a choked voice. “You must get away from this house, safe home again, before I take them. And listen, Maisie. Wherever my soul may be in all this wide universe, it will never forget what you have risked, what vou have done for me today. Tonight, I shall lie here looking at your roses, thinking of your white hands. They shall be my last thought — the brave and lovely hands that have given me my release... .”
Really, it seemed as if he’d never get to the end of his speech. Maisie almost had to stuff her handkerchief imo her mouth to keep from laughing fljy, A’J t ,	~	'*
outright. Honestly, it was killing! To think of him lying here to n i gh t, gazing ^o ulfufty atre d roses and lapping up vitamin tablets!
Once she was safe outside in the street, Maisie stood and laughed until her sides ached.
It wasn’t until the next day, when she heard that Mark Wilkinson had died in the night from an overdose of sleeping tablets, that she realised the silly mistake she must have made. She’d just put the bottle down for a moment while she had touched up her face, and then in her hurry she must have picked up the wrong one — the one with the real sleeping tablets in it — and given it to him!
Maddening! Such a clever trick it would have been, and it would have kept her completely safe and out of trouble! How was it that her hands, her beautiful hands, should have so betrayed her?
Higher School of Economics: ESTABLISHMENT AND ENTRANCE EXAMS
The Higher School of Economics is a
State University of a new type. It was founded in 1993 by the Russian Government to train future specialists in economics, management, law, social and political sciences. In the six years of its existence the university has opened affiliations in St Petersburg, Nizhni Novgorod, Perm and Novosibirsk and over 10 regional departments in different parts of Russia. It has also established contacts with a number of universities in the USA and Great Britain, also with Rotterdam University and Sorbonne. Among HSE professors there are many leading economists working for the Russian Government such as E. Yasin (HSE Scientific Research Adviser), A. Shokhin (HSE President), Y. Urinson, V. Kossov and others.
A peculiar feature of academic process at HSE is lectures on core subjects in 44
English delivered by visiting specialists. Thus, for HSE students a good command of English becomes a must and those who succeed in mastering the language have the opportunity of getting the second diploma of one of the foreign universities mentioned. HSE undergraduates should be skilled in listening comprehension, oral and written communication as well as reading and, translating English scientific texts of different degrees of complexity. Hence, the starting level of HSE students should be no lower than Intermediate to cope with the aims set by the complicated university programme.
The entrance exam consists of a grammar test, a text in reading comprehension and a brief talk on a topic suggested by examiners, the first two being multiple choice activities, while the latter is a kind of a challenge in a form of a statement to agree or to disagree with (and has nothing to do with ‘traditional’ topics painstaikin gly learnt by heart). To get ready jor those exams the students of HSE preparatory department have at their disposal special programmes designed for different starting levels; they include the materials of previous year exams as a part of training.
f. Kuzmenkova I. Izvolskaya
SAMPLE TEST
1. Из четырех вариантов (А, В, С, D) выберите единственно правильный.
1.	Have you ever been in___hospital
for__serious operation?
A -,a
Ba, -
C the, a
D a, a
2.	Every day___Marches told each
other___latest pieces of family gossip.
A -, the
3 the, the
C -, -
D the, -
3.	If you go to__Hague you may stay
in__ Hilton Hotel.
A -, the
В -, -
C the, the
D -, a
4.	The youth of today___a highly
developed social conscience.
A have
В has
C is having
D have had
5.	At Capracotta he told me there __
___ money in the bank.
A were, many
В was, much
C have been, less
D are, few
6.	After__for four hours we stopped
to let the others_with us.
A walking, catching up В walks, to catch up
C walking, catch up
D to walk, to catch up
7.	The exam was extremely difficult, but___students passed it.
A a few
В few
C little
D a little
8.	The insurance offices were on_____
side of the street.
A another
В the other
О other
D others
9.	Our last meeting was______Christmas
Day. ! hope to see him again_____
Easter.
A at, at
В by, in
C on, at
D on, in
10.	We were up very early,_____time to
see the sun rise.
A in
В by
C for
D at
11.	There is nobody in the room but there seems_____a fight here.
Everything is smashed to bits.
A to be
В being
C to have been
D have been
12.	Don’t worry about me. I’m used to ____alone.
A have lived
В living
C live
D be living
13.	His story be true, it_____be a
joke.
A can’t, must
В mustn’t, can’t
C may, should
D mustn’t, can
14.	Luckily I had my camera with me so I to take some photos.
A could
В was able
C might
D can
15.	If you___away with him, go at
once, but don’t ask me him.
A will go, to be met
В will be going, to have met
C are going, to meet
D have gone, to be meeting
16.	If he__the plane yesterday, he_____
be bathing in the sea now.
A missed, would
В had missed, should C hadn’t missed, would D didn’t miss, will
17.	The telephone rang when I___my
bath, as usual.
A was having
В had
C have
D have had
18.	When he to the room she by
the fire.
A returned, sat
В has returned, sits
C returned, was sitting
D has returned, was sitting
19.	I felt her_my hand.
A to touch
В being touched
C touch
D having touched
20.	People used to___fire by___two
sticks together.
A make, rubbing
В making, rubbing
C making, rub
D make, rub
2. Прочтите теист и выберите правильный ответ.
Skye is located off Scotland’s northwest coast, some 184 km from Glasgow. The island measures 77 km in length and 38 km at its widest. The largest island in Scotland’s Inner Hebrides, Skye covers an area of 1,740 sq km, about half the size of the state of Rhode Island in the USA. Skye’s landscape is dominated by the spectacular Black Cuillin Hills, which an English journalist H.V.Morton (1892-1979) described in his book In Search of Scotland. “Imagine Wagner’s Ride of the Valkyries frozen in stone and hung up like a colossal screen
against the sky. It seems as if Nature when she hurled the Coolins up... said: ‘I will make mountains which shall be the essence of all that can be terrible in mountains.’”
According to legend, the island, once flat, was inhabited by Cailleach Bhur, the goddess of winter. She had enslaved a beautiful girl, the sweetheart of spring, who appealed to the sun for help. In response, the angry sun buried his burning spear at Cailleach Bhur as she rode across Skye. But he missed his mark and destroyed the landscape which
broke into a range of hills — the Cuillins. Skye’s inhabitants often tell this tale to explain the curious fact that these hills are rarely snow-covered, even in winter. When surrounding hills are covered with snow, the Black Cuillins stand dark against the sky.
Twenty peaks feature in the Black Cuillins, 15 of them more than 914 m in height. The tallest, Sgur Alasdair, stands 1,009 m high. The peaks came into existence some 50 million years ago. The Red Cuillin Hills, some 16 km to the east are more rounded than the Black Cuillins. In the south of the island stands the unusual rock known as the Old Man of Storr. Both these formations had their beginnings 10,000 years ago.
Little of Skye’s landscape can support the barley, oats and other crops grown elsewhere in Scotland. Areas of human settlement occur only rarely. Thousands of seabirds nest on the island’s coast and shore. The puffin which nests on dangerous rocks, can catch small fish in great numbers. It is not unusual for a puffin to return to its nest with as many as 14 fish in its mouth. Yet Skye’s puffin population is far from growing due largely to the attacks of lesser black-backed gulls which rob the puffins of their catch before they can reach their nests to feed their young.
hurl, v метать (копье)
puffin, n тупик, топорок (птица)
Questions
1.	Which of the following is true?
A Skye is located on Scotland’s northwest coast.
В Skye is the largest hill area in Scotland.
C Skye, the largest island in Inner Hebrides, dominates over Scotland.
D The state of Rhode Island is about twice as big as Skye.
2.	According to legend,
A the sun got angry with a beautiful girl who had become the sweetheart of spring.
В the goddess of winter was enslaved by the sun.
C Cailleach Bhur terribly missed the sun.
D the angry sun made the Black Cuillins almost never snow-covered.
3.	What is not typical of Skye?
A The average height of the mountains is about 1000 m.
В The peaks are quite old, dating back millions of years.
C There are many areas of human settlement there.
D Local people grow mostly barley and oats.
4.	It follows from the text that Black Cufllins could hardly be described as
A terrifying
В inviting and inspiring
C dark and gloomy
D a screen against the sky
5.	The author states that it is usual for a puffin
A to eat about 14 small fish at once
В not to return to its nest
C to catch quite a number of small fish
D to be caught by black-backed gulls
SBLak
Sherlock Holmes was famous for his unusual power of observation. Are you observant?
NINE LITTLE MEN
MYSTERY MEN
These nine little men look alike, but one is a little bit different from the others. Can you
Only one of these silhouettes is exactly the same as the one at the top left of the drawing.
spot him?
Which one is it?
REFLECTIONS...!
!...гио1тэялтяя
The right-hand picture was supposed to be the exact mirrored reflection, however there are ive errors. Which?
(answers on page 56)
True or false?
book
been Wa0
РУП s fm
morning than
dead-
e\\ was hang'
Rice paper is made from rice.
There are words from 120 languages in the English language.
iS ^Donald's resents
^rds hasn - ^oriiRet0' Russian YeV
3The dentist's drill (an unpopular tool) was invented by George Washington's dentist in 1790.
Pa'r)t
desert-
evening.
Elephants live only in Africa.
vc\o

rV v°
Concorde takes 3 hours to fly from London to New York. This is twice as fast as an ordinary passenger plane.
2 OV-ve-
Leonardo da Vinci was left-handed.
-у Лг
Ло'\ o O?e
Q Psychology is a Greek word.
A 6
,atk the RipPer ^aS
20
Pnolish scientist. a famous Engns
20 operations to redesign herself from top to toe. She has spent 55,000 pounds over eight years to achieve the Barbie Doll look, and considers it money well spent. ‘Now I can cross the street whenever I want to because male drivers will always stop to look at my figure.’
Research shows that beautiful people get a better deal. Small babies prefer to look at them, teachers are kinder to them and even mothers pay more attention to their prettier children. At school attractive children are punished less and often get higher marks for the same work.
Every day, we’re bombarded with beautiful 'bees. They smile at us from advertising hoardings, TV screens and magazines. Their perfect
w
hen you look in the mirror, do you like what you see? Chances are you’ve got a feature or two that
smiles, flawless cheekbones and wide eyes fuel the multi-billion-dollar beauty industry.
But what exactly is beauty?
could be improved — after all, nobody’s perfect. But how far would you go to be more attractive?
A recent survey found that it’s no longer just women who want to become more beautiful: men are quickly catching up. In Britain, for example, 34 per cent of men are not satisfied with their bodies.
And if creams and lotions can’t do the trick, both sexes are increasingly ready to submit to the surgeon’s knife in search of perfection.
The world record for plastic surgery is held by Cindy Jackson — who has had more than
For centuries men — it usually was men — have tried to come up with a mathematical formula for beauty. The ancient Greeks thought the number three was the answer — a beautiful face was one that could be divided into three exactly equal parts, hairline to eyebrows, eyebrows to mouth, and finally mouth to chin.
The Victorians believed that a face with great beauty
features [fi:tfez] черты лица to improve [im'prirv] улучшать attractive [o traektiv] привлекательный survey ['S3:vei] обзор, исследование to catch [kaetj] up догонять
to submit [seb'mit] покориться surgeon ['зз:бзэп] хирург to redesign [ridi'zain] переделать from top to toe с головы до ног research [ri'ss tj] исследования
lotion [leujn] лосьон
to do the trick достичь цели
we’re bombarded with [bom ba:d] на нас обрушивается шквал
increasingly [in'krksirjli] все больше и больше
hoarding pho:dir)] щит для наклейки объявлений
possessed the average features of all other faces. However, this has now been debunked by recent research which found that the most attractive faces have highe# cheekbones, a thinner jaw and larger eyes relative to the size of the face than an average one.
Dr Alfred Linney at University College Hospital measured the faces of models and has found out that there’s no such thing as ‘the’ beautiful face. Instead the features of models turn out to be just as varied as everyone clse’s. ‘Some have teeth that stick out,’ he says, ‘others have a jutting chin. There was no one ideal of beauty that was close r to others.’ In fact, there were some with fea-
tures that could normally make them candidates for cosmetic surgery!’
Another survey shows that all sorts of nonstandard looks still count as beautiful. Just think of Angelica Houston or Gerard Depardieu.
The truth is that wThen it comes to choosing a mate, beauty is still very much in the eye of the beholder. Some of us make the oddest choices.
So the message is: if you’ve got it flaunt it— but if you haven’t, just make the most of what you’ve got.
flawless [ fkr.les] безупречный cheekbones ['tjrkbeunz] скулы to fuel [fjual] питать, поддерживать to come up with найти, придумать equal [i:kwl] равный
to possess [pe'zes] обладать average [ aevrid^] средний to debunk [,с!гЬлг)к] разоблачать, развенчивать
relative ['relativ] to по отношению к to measure ['теза] измерять to turn out to be оказаться
jutting ['d3Atiij] выдающийся, выступающий count as считаются mate [meit] супруг, супруга
beauty is in the eye of the
beholder у каждого свое представление о красоте (букв, красота в глазах любящего)
Who’s this girl?
If you can’t choose between these super-
models (clockwise from top): C.ndy Crawford, Linda Evangeksta, Claudia Shiffer and Naomi
Campbell, this computerised picture shows the image of four of them. But is the result really four times as beautiful? You decide!
Does your face fit?
In Los Angeles, California, lives a man who says he has the secret of facial perfection. Plastic surgeon Dr Stephen Marquadt has developed ‘The Mask’ — a blueprint for the perfect face. He claims it shows the proportions of the ideal face — and the more a person’s face fits the Mask, the more attractive they are.
odd [od] странный
message ['mesid3] зд. идея, смысл flaunt [flo:nt] выставлять напоказ, щеголять
blueprint ['blueprint] план, проект, чертеж
\ 4-5'99
TOM BREAKS A RECORD
Characters:
Tom......a boy of 12
David ...his friend
Setting:
A big lawn in front of Tom’s house. David decides to pay Tom a visit. There, he sees a strange sight. In the middle of the lawn is Tom, standing on one leg.
David bursts out laughing.
TOM: Oh, it’s you. What are you laughing at?
DAVID: What do you think? You, record-breaking again. Why don’t you do something useful for a change?
TOM: Why should I? I like trying to break records.
DAVID: H ow long have you been standing like that?
TOM: An hour.
DAVID: Well, keep it up, you’ve got another eleven hours to go.
TOM: What?
DAVID: Didn’t you know? The record for standing on one leg is twelve hours.
TOM: It’s no use then. I’d better give up. Anyway, I was only practising — and I’m beginning to feel hungry.
DAVID: Yes. Eating is more your line.
How about trying to break an eating record? I read about a man who ate sixty-two pancakes.
TOM: How long did that take him? A day?
DAVID: Seven minutes!
TOM: Ugh! It makes me feel sick to think about it.
DAVID: You’ve done enough record-breaking for one day. Let’s watch TV instead.
An English schoolteacher was looking for rooms in Switzerland. She called upon the local schoolmaster to help her find an
in the heart of a beautiful grove of trees. It will seat 150 people at one time, and is open on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Sundays.
apartment that would be suitable. Such
Some people bring their lunch and make a
rooms were found, London for her belongings. She remembered that she had not noticed a bathroom, or as she called it, “a water closet.” She wrote to the schoolmaster and asked if there as a “W.C.” in or near the apartment.
The schoolmaster, not knowing the English expression was puzzled by the “W.C.’, never dreaming that she
and she returned to
day of it. On Thursday there is an organ
accompaniment. The acoustics are very good. The slightest sound can be heard by everyone. It may interest you to know that my daughter met her husband at the W.C. We are now in the process of taking donations to purchase plush seats. We feel that this is a long-felt need, as the present seats have holes in them.
My wi e, being rather delicate, hasn’t been
was talking about a bathroom. He finally sought advice from the parish priest. They concluded that she must mean a Wayside Chapel. The lady received the following letter a few days later.
Dear Madam:
j 'he W.C. is located 9 miles from the house,
able to attend regularly. It has been six months since she last went. Naturally, it pains her not to be able to go more often.
I will close now with the desire to accommodate you in every way possible, and will be happy to save you a seat either down front or near the door, as you prefer.
water closet [ wo:ta klozit] ватерклозет, туалет Switzerland [ switsaiond] Швейцария local [ laukl] местный
to be suitable ['su:tebl] подходить belongings [bi lorjirjz] вещи, пожитки to puzzle [ PazI] ставить в тупик, озадачивать to seek (sought) advice обращаться за советом
parish priest [ paenj 'prkst] приходской священник
They concluded that she must moan Они решили, что она, должно быть, имеет в виду chapel ['tjaepalj церковь in the heart в глубине, в центре grove [grauv] роща to seat [s 1] вмещать to make a day of it прекрасно провести день organ ['o:gon] орган accompaniment [o'KAriponimant] аккомпанемент acoustics [a'kirstiks] акустика
donation [dau'neifn] денежное пожертвование
to purchase ['pc:tfis] приобретать, покупать
plush [р1л[] плюш
long-felt need назревшая необходимость to attend [o'tend] посещать
to accomodate [a komodeit] оказывать услугу, помогать
to save smb a seat занять кому-л. место
The world is so full of a number of things, I'm sure we should all be as happy as kings.
R. L. Stevenson
SECRET AGENTS
Do spies really use invisible ink? How do they decode messages? How did famous spies work? The answers to all these questions and more are at the Imperial War Museum in London in a special exhibition, The Secret War.
Although in these post-Cold War days spies may seem an endangered species, they still excite massive interest. For obvious reasons, information about them is often top secret. But now, the Imperial Museum has put together a hitech exhibition which lets visitors learn
I spies, past and pre-i sent.
I Visitors can access ' information on computer screens
about famous agents, and see the equipment they used.
Of course, no spy exhibition would be complete without a
section on agent 007: James Bond. Bond is fictional but his creator, Jan Fleming, himself worked for Her Majesty’s Secret Services. He helped create the kind of gadgets Bond is famous for, then described his experiences in his novels. As in many spy stories, there’s a thin line between fact and fiction!
spy [spai] шпион
invisible ink [in,vizibl irjk] симпатические чернила to decode fdr.'keud] расшифровывать
Imperial War Museum [im pianel wo: mju:zzi:em] Имперский военный музей endangered species [in deindjad 'spi:fi:z] исчезающие (вымирающие) виды
tor obvious reasons по понятным причинам hitech fhai'tek] по последнему слову техники to access faekses] получить доступ к equipment [i'kwipmant] оборудование Her Majesty fmaedjisti] ее величество gadget fgs^it] устройство, приспособление
TWINS FESTIVAL
Twins are normally very rare. But you can see hundreds of them in Twinsburg, Ohio, during
the annual Twins Festival.
The visitors have lots of fun with dances and songs and they make lots of double friends.
There are lots of different competitions: tall twins, small twins, old twins, fat twins...
Twinsburg [ twinzb3:g] Твинсбург Ohio [au'haiau] Огайо annual [ aenjual] ежегодный
CHEESE-EATERS
The most enthusiastic cheese-eaters are the people of France. They also produce 240 of the world s 450 named cheeses.
TOP FIVE FILMS
THEY LOOK LIKE ELVIS
So far the top 5 moneymaking movies of all time are:
1.	Titanic (1997): $1,619,700,000
2.	Jurassic Park (1993): $920,100,000
3.	Independence Day (1996): $811,200,000
4.	Star Wars (1977/1997): $780,100,000
5.	The Lion King (1994): $766,900,000
WHY IS AN EATING PLACE CALLED A RESTAURANT ?
Until 1766 eating places were always part of a hotel or an inn. But that year a chef named Boulanger opened the first pubEc dining place in Paris. The owner placed a sign in front of his establishment. This sign was an adaptation of the famous quotation from the Bible:
From that word “restore” (in French “restaur-erai ) the establishment became known as a Restaurant” and since then this name has been applied to eating places all over the world..
inn гостиница, постоялый двор
chef [Jef] шеф-повар
establishment [i'staebhjmant] учреждение, заведение
quotation [kwou teijn] цитата
ye = you
to restore [ri'sto:] восстанавливать (силы, здоровье)
to apply [a'plai] применять
Believe it or not, there are more than ten thousand people in the world who earn a living by impersonating Elvis Presley. They often enter ‘Lookalike’ competitions. They learn to sing Elvis’ songs and to dress and move the way that he used to.
Elvis Presley [ elvis prezli]
to earn f«:n] a living зарабатывать на жизнь
to impersonate [im'p3:saneit] имитировать, подражать lookalike [lukejaik] двойник
SO LAWYERS WASTE PAPER?
California’s lawyers need their own sawmills. On average each of them uses one ton of paper per year, which means two million trees!
WHO SAYS THE NUMBER IS IS UNLUCKY?
This much abused number is the keynote of the Great Seal of the United States. In it there are:
13 stars
13 stripes
13 arrows
13 letters in the motto
13 laurel leaves
13 berries on the branch
13 feathers in the left wing
13 feathers in the right wing
I
13 feathers in the tail
to abuse [ab|ir.z] ругать, поносить
keynote Fki:nout] лейтмотив, основной принцип
seal [si:I] печать
arrow [ aereu] стрела
motto ['moteu] девиз, надпись
laurel ['loral] лавр
feather [fedo] перо
wing [wit]] крыло
tail [teil] хвост
lawyer [ 1o:jo] адвокат sawmill [ so:mil] лесопилка on average [zaevrid3] в среднем
§ef±
PROFESSION: BODYGUARD
Across: 2. helicopter 3. protection 4. limousine
7. American 9. fishing 11. assassination
14. agent 17. adviser 18. Kennedy
20. bodyguard 21. motorcade 22. rifle
Down; 1. veto 2. horse-riding 5. moustache
6. Secret Service 8. Beltsville 10. sunglasses
12. trenchcoat 13. perimeter 15. undercover
16. uniform 19. siren
GUINNESS QUIZ
1. (B) 2 (A) 3. (B) 4. C 5. (A) 6. (B) 7. (A) 8. C
9. (C) 10. (C) 11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (A) 14. (C)
LANGUAGE CLUB
Sports Vocabulary
1.
1. a 2. f 3. e 4. к 5. b 6. c 7. j 8. i 9. h 10. n
11. d 12. g 13.1 14. m
(w^	\0	s	Cb_	A	_S_	E	в	A	L			
A4		^4	H	0	H	W	G	S	M	A		
L	T4	\N\e			R	I	C	К	E	1	R	
R	E	H	xb4	\S	S	H	0	U	T	Q	C	
J	C	A	L	.S '	К	0	(jr	M	T	0	H	
M	A	M	В	l\		.A	о	R	E	E	E	
M	A	V	R	0	NX	xX	L	U	V	R	R	
A	S	H	E	I	M	PX	f;	xM 4	E	0		
О	(JL	0	W	L	_S) c		К	\ IX	N	0	0	
D	H	R	I	E	I	К	L	E'x	NX X	и	E	
U	К	I	S	S	0	N	A	S	Л	\G i	0	
II	о	Cp.	A	R	T			I	Si	L	L	
BUSINESS CLASS
1. Visitor: a, d, f, g, i, к
3. a) В; b) A; c) B; d) B; e) A
HUMPTY DUMPTY
1. ghost 2. cat 3. black 4. goblin 5. broom
6. witch 7. skeleton 8. orange 9. pumpkin
Halloween
SCHOOL-LEAVERS DEPARTMENT
Test 1-A, 2-B, 3-C, 4-A, 5-B, 6-C, 7-A, 8-B, 9-C, 10-A, 11-C, 12-B, 13-A, 14-B, 15-C, 16-C, 17-A, 18-C, 19-C, 20-A
Text 1-D; 2-D; 3-C; 4-B; 5-C.
BAKER STREET CLUB
Nine little men
The sixth man is different: he has no ear.
Mystery men
Number 5
1. d 2. e 3. a 4. i 5. j 6. h 7. b 8. c 9. g 10. f
4.
a. golfer b. cyclist c. tennis player d. jockey
e. driver f. high jumper g. sprinter h. gymnast
I. discus thrower j. windsurfer 5
5.
a. 7 b. 6 c. 5 d. 2 e. 4 f. 3 g. 1
Pronunciation Class
karate [ke'ra:ti.
judo ['d3u:deu] wrestling ['resliij] archery ['a:tjari] javelin ['djsevalin] rugby [zrAgbi] rodeo ['reudisu], [reu'deieu] lacrosse [la'kros] umpire ['Ampaib referee [,refa'ri:]
BLUFF CLUB
1.	F
2.	T
3.	T
4.	probably!
5.	F (the Atacama desert in Chile is the driest place in the world)
6.	T
7	T
8.	T
9.	F
10.	F
11.	F
12.	T
13.	T
14.	F
15.	F
16.	T
17.	T
18.	F (A.A. Milne)
19.	T
20.	F