Текст
MAWII1Hbl
111 AnnAPATbl
PE3111HOBOrO
np0Il13BO.D.CTBA
nOA peAaKI.4He
,D.. M. 6APCKOBA
MOCKBA
j.13AATEnbCTBO "XHMHfI"
1975
6II7.54
M 38
Y.l{K 678.05 : 678.063
M 38 MamBIIbI B annapaTbI peSBHOBoro npoBSBOACTBa.
nOA peA. ,IJ;. M. BapcKOBa. M., «XHMDJI», 1975.
600 c., 42 Ta6J1., 337 pBC., CDBCOK JlBTepaTYpY 182 CCLL1lKll.
B KHHre .aeTCII ORUC8Bue TeXHOnOl'll'leCKmt lIaD1HH. arperaTOB
B nOTO'IHloIx nlunDt, nplDleRlleMIoIX B pa8nH'lHIoIX OTpaCJIIIX pe3BBOBOA
npOMloIIDneBBOCTII. TaKlile paCCMOTpeuloI YCTpOaCTBO, KHHeJlaTB'lecKBe
cxeMW H npBBqBD pa6OTIoI MamBR H J1aRIoI mt DOJ1PO(iuloI8 TeXllJl'lecKBe
xapaKTepRCTUKU. 000600 BRHKaHBe YJ1MeHO HOBelimUM O(ipa31{aM JIaIIIBB
U aDDapaTOB, BIoInycKae1lllolx OTe'!eCTBeHUOa DpOMloImneBIJOCThlO H Be.Y-
IqIllOl 3apy6elllHIoIIIu C\lUPIlaMH B aaCTOlllqee BpeMII B BaMe'laeMIoIX K BIoI-
DYCKY B 6nulilalmue 1'OJ1101.
KBBra COCTOBT U8 Tpex '1aCTea. B nepBoa 'l8CTB paCCll8TpUBaeTCli
0
PYJ10BaBBe O(ilqero BaaRa'leUBII - MaDIHIIIoI H aDDap8T1oI J1M DpHeMa.
xpaueRHII U DO.roTOBKH MaTepB8nOB; 'lepBII'IRIoIe MaDIDBloI, BanhQloI, pe-
3UBOCMeCBTenB; O
pYnOBaBUe .nll aBTOMaTHBaQBD nPOQ8CCOB lJJ)urOTOB-
neBBII pe8UROBIoIX CMecea; KanaR.plol, KneenpOMa80'IHWe MamUBIoI H 060-
pYJ10BaRUe J1nll 8&rOTOBUTenhBIoIX oDepaQRA. Bo BTOpOa '!aCTH npBBo-
J1RTeIl onUC8Bue cneQRanhuoro TeXBOnOl'll'lecKoro
O(ioPy.oBaBBII mBHBOro
DPOU8BO.CTBa - .nll R3rOTOllJleBUII .eTanea aBTODOKphIDJeK;
II c60PKB
B BynKaRH3aQRR uOKplolllleK nfleBMaTB'IE'CKUX mHH; Mil B8rOTOBJIeBBII
&BTOKaMep, 060J1UIoIX neBT U JDla4lpal'M. B TpeTheA 'l8CTH paCCIIOTpeHO
o(IoP}'J10Baaue npOU8BOnCTBa pe8URODIoIX TeXBB'IeCKUX H3.end - TpaBC-
DOPTePUIoIX ..eBT U DJIOCKUX DPUBOJ1UIoIX peMBea, KnRBOBIoIX peMBeR
C\IOPMOBIoIX U Be4l0pMOBIoIX H3neJlUa, pYKaBHIoIX D3nenua U nUTbeBoe
060PYJ10BauHe.
.Kuura npeJ1R33Ha'ieBa Mil TeXBOJloroB H J1pyrux pa
TBBKOB pe3D-
BOBOI H pOJ1CTBeHRloIx eft OTpacnel npOMloIIDneuBOCTu, a T8Klf(e JlJlII
CTy.eBTOB BfoIcmHX U CpeJ1UHX yqe(luloIx 8&BeneBBa U cnym8TeneA KYPooB
H mKon nOBfoImeHBII KBanuC\luKaQRH pa60'lux.
eU7.5'
A BTOpy: B. H. AH8 pflWHU"06, JI. M. AH moH06,.I(. M. Bap-
C"06,I B. r. repWMaH I , JI. M. Renepwa, I R. A. IIuHeauH I,
H. B. 00/111"06, H. M. PyiJaJC06, H. M. P1I606, A. B. Ca.cmN-
JC06, E. H. C06o.ce6, H. II. l1uaaHoJC.
314U-095
M 050(01)-75 95-75
@ HaaaTeJll>CTBO eXBMBR), 1975 r.
CO,IJ;EPmAHlIE
n peAItCJIOBBe. . .
qACTb nEPBAH
MAWUHbJ H ADDAPATbi OBDJ,Ero HA3HAqE-
HUJI
rJlaBa
1. 06oprnoBalllle ADJI apae-
Ma, xpaBeBBR B DOAfO-
TOBRII MaTepBIUIOB .
1.1. 06opYAoBaBBe 6YHKepBoro
CKJl8Aa AJlJI xpaBeBBR rpaHY-
JIBpOBaHHoii ca1RB
1.2. 06oPYAoBaBBe CKJl8AOB Tap-
Boro xpaueBBR camB B CBeT-
JIYX oopomKo06pasBYx Ma-
TepBaJlOB .......
1.3. 06oPYAoBaBBe CKJl8Aa mBA-
KBX B JlerKOOJlaBKBX DpO-
AYKTOB .
1.4. MamBBY B aOOapaTY AJIR
DOArOTOBKB KaY1JYKa
1.4.1. YCTaHOBKB AJIR AeKpB-
CTanJlBS
BB BaTypaJlI>-
Boro KaY1JYKa
1.4.2. MamBBY AJIR peSKB Kay-
'IYKa . . .
1.5. 06opYAoBaHBe AJIR xpaBe-
BBR B OOArOTOBKH MRl"IBTe-
Jlei ....... .
1.6. 06oPYAoBaBBe AJIR opBro-
TOBJleBBR cycDeBsBii, pac-
TBOpOB B JlaTeKCBYX cMeceii
1. 7. 06opYAoBaHite AJIR opmo-
TOBJleBBR KOMDOSBDBii, KJle-
eB, oaCT B CMaSOK . . .
10
14
14
14
19
r JI a B a 2. PesBBo06pa6aTI>IBIUO",Be
'IepBR'IHlde M8WBBId .. 34
2.1. HaSHa'ieBBe B KJlaccBclIHKa-
BR '1epBR'IBLlX MamBH .. ;\4
2.2. 06
ee YCTponcTBO B pa60Ta
, '1epBR'lBYX MamBB . . .. 35
2.3. YCTpoiicTBO OCBOBBYX '1a-
cTeii B YSJlOB OABO'IepBR'I-
BYX MamBB ... 37
2.3.1. tJepBRK ....... 37
2.3.2. QB
p B sarpysO'lBaR
BopOBKa ...... 41
2.3.3. CTallBBbl B clI
aMeBT-
BYe DJlBTY 42
2.3.4. rOJlOBKB .. 42
2.3.5. llpBBOA . .. 46
2.4. .l{BYX'IepBR'lBYe r.ramHHM. 50
2.5. tJepBR'lBYe MamBBLI xonOA-
Horo DBTaHBR 51
2.6, tJepBR'lBYe MamBBY xo-
JlOAHOrO DBTaHBR C BaKYYM-
OTCOCOM . . . 54
2.7. tJepBR'lBYe MamBBY AJIR
OOArOTOBKB KaY'lYKOB B pe-
SBHOBYX cMeceii . 56
2.7.1. llJlaCTBKaTOpY 56
2.7.2. rpaHyJlRTOpY 60
t.
8
2.7.3. tJepBR'lBYe MamBIIJ. 0}
JlDCTOBaJlbBYMB rOJlOJ1-
KaMB ........
2.8. ODpeAeJleBBe MO
OCTB DpU-
BOAa B DpOBSBOABTeJlI>BOCTIt
'1epBR'lBYX Ma
2.9. PeryJlBpOBaBBe TeMoepa-
TypHoro pemBMa '1epBR'lBOii
MamBBY ....
2.10. BCDOMOraTeJILBYe YCTpoA-
CTBa .... . . .
2.10.1. YCTpOBCTBa AJIR OD-
TaHBR '1epBJI'IBYX Ma-
mBH pesBBon B oT6opa
mOp
OB8BBYX BSAe-
JlBn .... . .
2.10.2. YCTpOBCTBO AJIR ouy-
ApBB8BBR BByTpemei
oOBepxHocTB OOJIYX BS-
AeJlBA .......
2.10.3. 06oPYAoBaHBe AU OT-
6opa, OXJlamp;eBBJI B
CymKB rpauyJl KaY'lYKa
B MaTO'lBYX cMecei
2.11. llpBMeHeme '1epBR'IBYX Ma-
mn B arperaTax .
rJlaBa 3. Bam.
... ...
3.1. HaSHa'ieBBe B KJlaccBclIBKa-
R. ..
3.1.1. CxeMa pa60TY BaJlI>
OB
3.1.2. KJlaccBclIBKa
BR
3.2. }'cTpoiicTBO BaJlI>
OB ...
3.2.1. OCBOBBYe 'IaCTB B YSJIY
3.2.2. llpOBSBOABTeJlI>HOCTI>
BaJlI>
OB
3.2.3. llpBBOA Banl>
OB .
3.2.4. BB6pOBSOJlBpyIO
e
OOOpY . .
3.2.5. KOBTPOJlI>HO-BSMepBTeJ1I>-
BYe opB6ophl
3.3. BCDoMoraTeJlbHoe o6oPY-
AOBaBBe AJIR BaJlI>
OB . . .
r JI a B ,a) 4.1PeaBBooMecHTemI}
4.1. HaSBa'leBBe B KJlaccBclIBKa-
BR .. . .
4.2. YCTpoiicTBO pesBHocMecB-
TeJleii ..
4.3. Pe3BBOCMeCBTeJlB oepBOAB-
'1eCROrO AeiicTBHR
4.3.1. PeaBBOCMeCBTeJlH C po-
TopaMB OBaJlLHOM cI>opMhI
4.3.2. PesBHOCMeCBTeJlB C po-
TopauB TpexrpaHHoii
clIopMLI .......
4.3.3. PesBBocMeCBTeJlH C po-
TopaMB
BJlBBAPll'leCROii
WOPMLI .......
4.3.4. 'kOHCTPYK
BR OCHOBHhlX
AeTaJleii B YSJlOB pesBBo-
CMeCBTeJleii .
4.3.5. ABTOMaTB'leCKOe yopa-
BJleBBe B KOBTpOJlL sa
9
9
25
25
28
.\}
70
70
71
71
71
72
73
77
77
77
78
81
85
100
101
102
Ht
111
117
117
118
119
119
125
126
128
3
""OB pesBBocMecB-
TaJlR . ...
.3.6. ITpOBSBOABT8m.BOCTL
peSBBOCMeCBTeJUI DepB-
OAB'leCKOrO AeicTBBR .
4.4. CMeCBTeJIB lIeOpepYBBorO
AeiicTBBR .. . .
r JI a B a 5. CaCTeMLI B o6oprnoB8-
BBe aBTOllaTBSa
opoqeccoB upBl'OToBJIe-
BBR pe8BBOBLIX CIIecei
5.1. ITOTO'IBO-aBTOMaTB'leCKBe JlB-
IIBB opBrOTOBJleBBR pe-
SBBOBYX cMecaii (ITAJI) . .
5.1.1. YCTaBoBKB AJiR TpaBc-
oopmpOBaBBR B AOSB-
pOBallBR cam
5.1.2. YCTalloBKB AJIR Oo
a1JB
MRl"IBTeJlei .. ..
5.1.3. YCTalloBKB AM OOAa1JB
CYDY'IBX BBl'peABeBTOB
5.1.4. YCTallOBKB AJiSI DOAa1JB
MBKpOKOMOOBeBTOB ..
5.1.5. YCT8BOBKB AJIR AOsopo-
BaBHR B OOAa'll! KaY'lY-
KOB n MaTO'IBYX pe8BBo-
BYX clIIeceii . . . . . .
5.2. 060PYAoBaIlBe OOTO'IBO-aBTO-
MaTB'leCKBX JIBBJIii OpBl'o-
TOBJleBBR peSBBOBYX clle-
caii ...........
5.2.1. PaCXOABYe 6yaKepa
5.2.2. PeSBBOKOpABYe KOB-
Teillepy AJIR oepeBosKB
camB ........
5.2.3. 3arpyso'lBYe eMKOCTB
5.2.4. ABTOMaTB'leCKBe Aosa-
TOpY .... . . .
5.2.5. ITBTaTeJlB . . . .
5.2.6. '060PYAoBallBe CBCTeM
aBTOMaTB'leCKOro yupa-
. BJleBBR .......
r JI a B a 6. PeaBBoo6pa6aTlolB8lOlqIIe
KU8II,JQtIll . . . . . . .
6.1. HaSBa'leBBe B KJlaccB«I!BKa-
qBSI )(aJl
pOB .....
6.2. 06
ee YCTpoiiCTBO KlUIaB-
6.3.
;oiic;'B
. O
II
B
' ;.,
TaJleii B YSJlOB )(aJl
pa . .
6.3.1. BauB ......
6.3.2. ITOADJBIIIIIJKB B CBCTe-
MaCMaSKB .....
6.3.3. CTaBBBY . ....
6.3.4. MeXaBB8M perYJlBpOBa-
BBR sasopoB MemAY
BaJlKaMB . . . . .
6.3.5. rBApaBJlB'leCKBe YCTa-
BOBKB .. . . . . . .
6.3.6. ITpBBoA KaJlaBAPOB
6.3.7. TopMosBaR CBCTeMa B
sa
BTBYe YCTpoiicTBa .
6.4. YCTallOBKB AJIR BarpeBa B
oxn
eBBR BaUOB . .
6.5. ABTOMaTB'leCKOe BSMepeBBe
139
143
143
150
151
152
153
153
155
156
156
156
158
158
161
164
166
166
167
179
179
186
189
189
191
192
194
195
150
B peryJlBpOB8BBe TOJUqBJIY
B
cKaeMoro JlBCTa . . .
6.6. ITpBcDoc06J1eBBSl K KlUIaB-
APY . . . .
6.7. IT pOBSBO,lUlTeJILBOCTL Ka-
JlaBAPOB . . .
6.8. BCOOMOraTeJILBoe 06opYAo-
B8BBe AJiR KlUIallAPOB . . .
6.8.1. 060PYAOB8BBe AJISI DOA-
rOTOBKB TR8BB K RIUI8B-
poBaBBIO .... .
6.8.2. AmIapam AJISI oXJla-
)lQl;eBBSl TKaBB B pesBBY
6.8.3. 38KaTO'lBYe OpBCDOCO-
6J1eBBSl
6.8.4. YCTpoicTBa AJISI ony-
pBBaBBR peSBBY
r JI a B a 7. KJleeopoMaSO'IBllle 0-
JDIDIJoI .. ..
7.1. CT
apTBYe rOpBSOBTIUIL-
BYe RJleeupoMaS01JllYe lIa.
IIIIIBIaI . .. ....
7.2. CoeqBaJiLBYe KJleeDpOMa-
SO'lBYe IIIIDDUD.t . .
7.3. PeKYDepaquoBBYe yCTa-
BOBKB .....
r JI a B a 8. O6op)'AoB8lllle
NI 38-
rOTOBBTem.BHX oDepa-
qBa .... ...
8.1. MIIDDUD.t AJiR BSMeJlL'IeBBSl
peSBBOBOii CMeCB ..
8.2. M8IIIBIILI AJiR BYPy6KB sa-
rOTOBOK . . . .
8.3. 38KpoiimIe M8IIIBIILI .
8.3.1. HomB AJiSI peSKB DO
ma6J10BY
8.3.2. MamBBY AJiR pesKB JIB-
CTOB, maypOB B Tpy60K
8.3.3. M8IIIBIILI AJIR peSKB 06-
peSBBeBBYX TKaBei B
KOPAa .. . .
8.3.4. M8IIIBIILI AJiSI peSKB 06-
peSBBeBBoro lIeTaJlJlO-
)(op
a .......
8.3.5. ITPOBSBOABTeJlLBOCTL pe-
SaTeJlLBYX lIamBB
8.4. 38KaTO'lBYe CT8BKB
qACTb BTOPAJI
OBOP¥
OBAHBE mHHHoro DPOB3BO
CTBA
r JI a B a 9. MawlIIOoI B auuapaTill
BSI'OTOBJIeBBSI
eTa-
nei oOKplllllleK . . .. 254
9.1. Arperam B DOTO'IBYe mDIBB
AJiR BSrOTOBJleBBR DPOTeK-
TOpOB ......... 254
9.2. 060pYAOBaBBe AJiR 06pa-
60TRB TeKCTBm.Boro KOPAa 260
9.2.1. ITpoDBTo'IBYe YCTaBoB-
KB B arperam 261
9.2.2. Arperam AJiR TepMo-
06pa6OTKB B BYTRrBBa-
BBR KOPAa .... 261
196
198
200
201
201
204
205
211
214
215
218
220
222
222
224
228
229
233
235
247
253
253
9.2.3. Arperam AJIR 06pe3BBD-
BaHBR KOPAa . . . .. 267
9.2.4. JIUBBB AJIR 06pa6OTKB
TeKCTBJlbHOrO KOPAa " 267
9.3. 060PYAoBaBDe AJIR 06pe-
SBBllBaBDR MeT8JlJlOKOPAa 271
9.4. YCTaBOBKa AJIR 06pesBBII-
BaHHR TKaBeD DOJlOTBRHOrO
DepeDJleTeHBR .. 275
9.5. ArperaTY AJiR aaKpOR B OT-
60pa CJlOeB TeKCTBJlbHOrO
KOPAa .... 275
9.6. ArperaTY P;JlJI HaJlOmeBBR
pesBBoBhlx DpOCJIOeK Ba
MOB TeKCTBJlbHOrO KOPAa. 276
9.7. YCTaBoBKB AJIR B3rOTOBJle-
HBR TKaHeBYX JleRT .. . 278
9.8. 060pYAOBaBBe, DpBMeHR-
eMoe B DpOBSBoAcTBe paAB-
aJlbllYX mBB AJIR pacKpoR
B DOArOTOBKB 06pesBBeB-
Horo KOPAa .., 279
9.8.1. Y cTpoiicTBa AJiR BSOM-
U;BB KpOMOK MeTaJlJlo-
KOPAIIYX DOJlOC 279
9.8.2. ITOTO'lllYe JUDUIB
M
pacKpoR B DOArOTOBKB
06peSBDeBBoro MeTaJl-
JlOKoPAa ..' . 280
9.8.3. .l{BarOHaJibBo-peSaTem.-
lIYe MalllBllLl AJlJI pac-
KpOJI TeKCTBJlbHOrO
KOPA-6peKepa DOKpY-
meK Ttma P . 281
9.8.4. YCTaaoBKB AM Depe-
rH6a TeKCTBm.Boro
KOPA-6peRepa 281
9.9. 060PYAOB8BBe AJIR BsrOTO-
BJleBBR 6pacJleTos .... 282
9.9.1. BpaCJIeTIIYe CTaBKB 283
9.9.2. BCDOMOraTeJlbBoe 060-
PYAoBaBDe 6pacJleTBYx
CT8BKOB ., . 286
9.9.3. IToTo'IBYe JlBBBB Jl,JlJI
BSrOTOBJleBBR 6paCJleTOB 292
9.9.4. CTaBKB P;JlR BSrOTOBJle-
BBR 6peKepllYx 6paCJIe-
TOB rpysOBYX P8ABaJlb-
IIYX mBB .... 293
9.10. 060PYAOB8BBe AJiR Bsro-
TOBJleBBR RphlJlbeS 294
9.10.1. 060PYAOB8BBe AJiR 88-
rOTOBJleBBR KpYJlbeB
ABarOHaJlbllYX mBB . 295
9.10.2. CT8BKB AJlJI BSrOTOBJIe-
HBR KphlJlbeS paABaJlb-
IIYX mBB . 303
9.11. ArperaT AJiR c60pKB C'b8M-
HYX DpoTeKTOpllYX ROJleD;
mBBPC . ....305
r JI a B a 10. 060PYAOBaBBe AmI
C60PKB DOKIJlJoUDeK DBeB-
MaTll'leeKBX JDBB 309
10.1. C60po'IBYe 6apa6allY 310
10.1.1. ITJlOCKBe 6apa6allY 310
10.1.2. ITOJlYDJlOCKBet...;::'.._ 'HI)
10.1.3. IToJlYAopeOBye 6apa"
68BY ....... .111
10.1.4. Xap8K,.epBCTBKa 0Te-
'1eCTBeBJDiX c6opo'IBYX
6apa6aaoB ., . 312
10.2. MexaBD3BpOB8BBYe CKaJlKB 317
10.3. CTaBKB AJiR c60PKB ABaro-
HaJlbllYX DOKpYDIeK. 317
10.3.1. KJlaccBclIBK8D;HR c60-
pO'IllbIX CTaBKOB . .. 317
10.3.2. CT8BKB AJlJI c60plUl
JlerKOBYX B MOTOD;It-
KJleTIIYX DOKpYDIeK . 319
10.3.2.1. CT8BKB AJlJI c6op-
KB JlerKOBYX DO-
KpYDIeK c 8a
eJl-
KOD 60pTOB Ba spa-
aIO
eMCR 6apa-
6aae . .. 320
10.3.2.2. CT8BKB AJiR c60pKB
JlerKOBhlX DOKpY-
meK C 8&AeJlJ(oi
60PTOB Ha HeDO-
ABIDRHOM 6apa6aBe 324
10.3.2.3. CT8BKB AJiR c6op-
KB DOKpYDIeK BS
yumpeBBYx B o6Y'1-
IIYX CJloeB KOPAa
Ba pas
x 6a-
pa6aBax . . . .. 327
10.3.3. CT8BKB AJlJI c60pKB rpy-
SOBhlX DOKpmoeK 332
10.3.3.1. CTaBKB AJlI! c6op-
KB rpysOBYX DO-
KpYDIeK C S&AeJl-
KOD 60pTa Ba spa-
aIO
eMCR 6apa-
6aae 333
10.3.3.2. CTaBKB AJiR cOop-
KB rpYSOBLIx DO-
KpYDIeK C s&AeJl-
KOD 60pTa Ba Be-
DOABIDRBOM 6apa-
6aBe . ... 336
10.3.4. ITBTaTeJlB c6opoQ-
IIYX CTaBKOB 352
10.3.5. CTaliAapTBs8D;BJI,
BOpMaJJBs8D;HR B yaB-
clIBR8D;ItR 060PYAoBa-
BBR AJiR c60pKB DO-
KpYDIeK ... . 357
10.4. CT8BKB AJiR c60pKB P&AB-
aJlbllYX DOKpYDIeK 361
10.4.1. CTaBKB AJiR c60PKB Jler-
KOBYK nOKpYDIeK
TBDa P . . 362
10.4.2. CTaBKB AJiR C60PKB
rpysOBYX DOKpYDIeK " 67
TBDaP ., "
10.4.3. CT8BKB AJiR cOOpKB
TpaKTOpllYX B C8J1b-
CKOXOSaBCTBeBBYX DO-
KpymeK TBna P . .. 389
10.5. IToTo'IllbIe nBBBB AJiR saro-
TOBKB AeTaJleii B. C60PKB
aBTODOKpbl1IIeK .. .. 371
5
l' 1. ITOTO'lBLIe JIHBBB C BY-
DOJIHPBBeM BceX c6o-
pO'IBYX ouep
Bi Ba
O,IUIOM CTwe . . . .
10.5.2. ITOJIy8BTOMaTB'l8CKBe
UOTO'lBh1e JIBBBB B
arperaTY C paC'IJIeB8B-
BLlM upo
eccoM c60pKH
DOKpymeK ..
10.6. CTaBRB AJIR c60PKB BeJIo-
CBDeABYX uOKpLIIUeK
r ;r a B a 11. 06oprnOBaBBe NUl
B)'JlK811B8aqllll aBTODO-
KplolllleK B aBTOKaliep
11.1. CT8BKB AJIR oKpacKB Be-
BYJIJ(8BBSOsaBBYX 8BTOMO-
611JILBLIX DOKpLl1IleK ..
11.2. 060pYAoBaBBe AJIR cJIop-
MOBaBIDI uOKpLIIUeK
11.3. BYJIKaBBS
HOBBYe auna-
pam .........
11.3.1. ABTOKJI8B-DPeccy
11.3.2. HBABBBAyaJILBYe BYJI-
KaBBSaTOpY
11.3.3. CJ)opMaTOpY-BYJIJ(aBB-
SaTOpY ......
11.3.3.1. CJ)opMaTopY-BYJI-
KaBBsaTopbl TBDa
«6er-G-MaTBK.
11.3.3.2. CJ)0pMaTOpY-BYJI-
KaBBsaTOpbl TBDa
«aBT
OP'"
11.3.3.3. CJ)opMaTOpY-BYJI-
K8BBSaTOpY 6es-
ABacJIparMellBLle
11.3.4. MBoronos
BollBLle
ByJIKaBBSaTopld .
11.3.5. 06oPYAoBaBBe AJIR ox-
JIa*AeBBR DOKpldmeK
nOA AaBJIeBBeM UOCJIe
BYJIK8BBSa
BB
11.3.6. ITpe
opMY ceKTop-
Boro TBDa .....
11.4. 060PYAOBaBBe AJIR aaKJIIO-
'1BTeJILBLlX oDepa
Bii ..
11.4.1. CTaBKB AJIR BbleMKB Ba-
pO'IBYX KaMep ...
11.4.2. CT8BKB AJIR o6pesaBBR
BldupeccoBoK
11.4.3. 06oPYAoBaBHe AJIR
KOBTpOJIR Ka'leCTBa uo-
KpLIIUeK ......
11.4.4. BaJIaBCBpOBO'IBYe
CTaBKB ......
11.5. BcnoMOraTeJILBOe 06oPY-
AOBaBBe .......
11.5.1. Y CTaBOBKa AJIR '1BCTKB
cJIoPM .......
11.5.2. YCTaBoBKa 1J;JIR BBem-
BeB OKpacKH BYJIKaBB-
aOB8JIBIdX UOKpymeK
11.5.3. YD8KOBO'IBYe CTaBKB
11.6. 060pYAOB8BBe AJIR ByJI-
K8BBS
BB aBTOKaMep ..
11.6.1. JIBBBB 1J;JIR BYJlKaBBaa-
BB aBTOKaMep
Ii
371
372
380
383
383
384
388
388
390
::194
395
404
407
411
415
415
418
418
418
419
419
421
421
r JI a B a 12. 060pyAOBalIUe NUl U3-
rOTOBJIeRDR aBTOKaJlep,
060,IUILIX JleBT B ABA-
.pal'M ...... 430
12.1. 060PYAOB8BBe AJIR BsrOTO-
BJleBBR aBToKaMep
12.2. IT01J;C06Boe 06opYAoBaBBe
AJISI npoBsBoAcTBa 8BTOKa-
12.3. O
PYAO
bm
AJI
'B;ro
o:
BJIeBBR o601J;BLlX JIeBT B
ABacJIparM .......
430
437
438
qACTb TPETbJl
OSOPY
OBAHDE DPOH3BO
CTBA PE3UHQ-
BblX TEXHHqECRHX D3
EJJHR
421
422
422
425
r JI a B a 13. 06oprn088BBe DpoBS-
B01J;CTB8 TpaBcnoprep-
8LIX JIenT B WlOCRRX
DpBBO,IUILIX pelllBeB 443
13.1. 06opYAOB8BBe AJIR UOAro-
TOBKB TKaBB B UPOBSBOA-
CTBe Tp8BCUOpTepBLIX JIeBT
J'I peMBeB ....... 443
13.2. 06oPYAoB8BBe AJIR c60PKB
Y3KBX pelllBeB nOCJIOBBO-
sasepllyToB KOIICTPYK
BB 444
13.3. 060PYAOB8BBe 1J;JIR c60pKB
B 06KJI8AKB TpaBCDOpTep-
BLlX JleBT H peMllcB Bapes.
Boii KOIICTPy
BB ... 445
13.3.1. 06oPYAOB8BBe 1J;JISI
c60pKB B 06KJI8AKB
cePAe'lBBltOB JIeBT, npB-
MellReMYX sapy6e)J(OM 445
13.3.2. 06opY1J;oBaBBe AJIR
c60PKB CepAe'IBBKOB
JIeBT B OTe'leCTBemOM
npoBsBoAcTBe 450
13.3.3. 06opYAoBaBBe AJIR 06-
KJI8AKH cePAe'lBBROB
TpallcnOpTepBYX JIeBT
peSHIIOBYMB CJI01lHB 462
13.4. 060PYAOB8BHe AJIR BsrOTO-
BJleBBR 6eCKOlle'lBLIX JIeBT
B peMlleB . . . . . . .. 465
13.5. 06oPY1J;OBaBBe AJIR BsrOTO-
BJIOIIBJI JIeBT, apMBpOBall-
BLlX MeTMJIOTpOCOM . .. 469
13.6. 06oPYAoBallHe AJISI BYJIJ(a-
BBaa
BB JIeBT B peMBeii 470
13.6.1. ITpeccld AJIR ByJIKaBB-
3
BB JIellT B peMlleii 470
13.6.2. ITpeccbI AJIR BYJIKaIlB-
sa
BH 6eCKOlle'lHblX
JIeBT B peMBeii . .. 476
13.6.3. YCTaBOBKB 1J;JIR lIeDpe-
pYBBOii ByJIJ(8BB8a-
BB JIeBT B peMBeii 477
r JI a B a 14. 06omoBa&Be opoB8-
BO
CTB8 RJlBBOBWX peM-
Dei ........
14.1. 06opYAoBaBDe AJIR OOAro-
TOBKB KOp
&ypOB B TKa-
BeD ..........
14.2. 060PYAoBaBDe AJlIl c60PKU
U pesKB cePAe'lBDKOB KJlB-
BOBYX peneD .....
14.3. CT8BKB AJiR 06epTYB8BBR
KJlBBOBYX peMBeii
14.4. 060PYAoBaBBe AJlIl BYJlRa-
BBS
KJlBBOBYX peMBeii
14.4.1. 060PYAoBaBBe AJlR
KOTJlOBOD BYJlK8BB-
saD;BB .....
14.4.2. ITpeccbI AJlR BYJlR8BB-
san;BB KJlBBOBYX peM-
BeD ... . .
14.4.3. HeDpepYBBYe BYJlRa-
BBSaTOpy .....
14.5. 06opYAOBaBDe AJIR BsrOTO-
BJleBUR sy6'1amx KJlBBO-
BblX peMBeD ......
14.6. 060pYAOB8BBe AJlIl BSMepe-
BDR U MapKBpoBKB KJlBBo-
BIoIX peMBeD ......
r JI a . a 15. 06opyAOBaBBe opoDa-
BO
CTBa 4topilOBIo1X B
Be4jIOpllOBYX peaBBo-
BYX TeDlll'leelOlX Da-
eJJBii ... . .
15.1. 060PYAOBaBDe AJIR DpOBS-
BOACTBa 1jI0PMOBYX BSAeJlBi
15.1.1. 060pYAOB8BBe AJIR sa-
rOTOBBTeJlLBYX ooepa-
n;aii OpB BSrOTOBJIe-
BBB peSBBOBYX BSA8-
JlBi .......
15.1.2. 060PYAOBaBBe AM sa-
rOTOBBTeJlLBYX ooepa-
D;Bii DPB BSrOTOBJleBBB
peSBBOMeTaJlJlB'leCRBX
B8AeJlUD ......
15.2. 060PYAOB8BBe AM DpOBS-
BOACTBa BeIjIOpMOBblX BSAe-
JlBii .........
15.3. BYJlRaBBSan;BoBBoe 06oPY-
AOBaBBe AJiR 1jI0PMOBYX B
BeIjIOPMOBYX BSAeJlBii
15.3.1. BYJlRaBB8aD;BOBBYe
KOTJIW .....
15.3.2. ABTOKJlaB-Opeccbl
15.3.3. BYJlRaBBSan;BOBBYe
opeCCY ......
15.3.4. 060PYAOB8BBe Beope-
pblBBoro AeDCTBBR AJlIl
BYJlKaBBSan;BB BeIjIOP-
MOBYX D3AeJlBii .. .
15.3.5. 060PYAoBaBBe AJIR Be-
opepblBBOD BYJlK8BBSa-
D;BB opopeSBBeBBYX
TRaBeii B TOBKBX Ka-
JlaBAPOB8BBYX peSDBO-
BhlX OOJlOTeB
481
481
484
498
502
502
504
505
506
507
509
509
509
512
514
515
515
519
520
531
15.4. 060PYAOB8BBe AJIR
-
KJlJO'lDTeJlLIIhIX ooepan;Bi
OpD DpOBSBoAcTBe 1jI0pMo-
BhlX BSAeJlaii . . . . . .
15.5. IT OTO'lB8R , JJBJIBJI AJIR opo-
B3BOACTBa IjIOPMOBYX BSAe-
JlBD
539
r JI a B a 16. JIuTlleBWe MamBBW
16.1. JIBTheBhle MIIDIBBY C OJly&-
mepBbIM lUDKeKD;BOHBLIM
arperaToM .. .
16.2. JIBTLeBye MamBBLI C '1ep-
BR'lIIhIM BIDKeKD;BOBBYM
arperaTOM ('1epBR'IBYe) . .
16.3. JIBTbeBble MIIDIBBY C '1ep-
BR'lBo-oJIylDKepllhlM BlDKeK-
D;BOBBYM arperaToM
r JI a B a 17. 06opyAOB8Bue pyteaB-
Boro OpoB8BOACTBa
17.1. 060pYAoBaBDe AJIR -:- c60PKB
PYKaBoB OPOKJl8AO'lBOii
KOIICTpYKD;BB . . .
17.1.1. 38.KaTO'IBYe rOJlOBKB
17.1.2. 38KaTO'lBYe M8DIBBY
17.1.3. ITJlBTBYe M8IIUIBY . .
17.2. 060PYAOBaBBe AJlIl c60pKB
PYKaBOB OlLJIeT01JBOD KOII-
CTp
BB .......
17.2.1. OOJleT01JllYe M8DIBBY
17.2.2. Arperam AJIR c60pKB
0ILJIeT01JllYX PYKaBoB
AOplIOBYM CDocOOOM .
17.2.3. Arperam
JIR c60pKB
ODJleT01JIIYX PYKaBOB
6esAOpllOBYM cDoco60M
17.3. 060pYAoBall8e AJlIl c60pKB
PYKaBoB 06MOT01JBoi KOB-
CTPYKD;BB .......
17.3.1. 06MOT01JllYe MamBBY
17.3.2. JIBIDUJ AJIJI BsrOTOBJle-
I18R PYKaBoB 06MOT01JBoii
KOIICTpYKn;BB . . . .
17.4. 060PYAOB8BBe AJiR c60pKB
PYKaBoB BaBBB01JBoi KOB-
CTPYKD;BB .......
17.4.1. Arperam AM c60pKB
BaBBBO'lIlhlX PYKaBOB
AOplIOBYM CDoc06oM .
17.4.2. Arperam AJIR c60pKIt
lIaBBBO'lEUdX PYKaBoB
oe3noplloBhlM cDoco60M
17.5. 060PYAoBallBe
JlR BsrOTO-
, BJleBBR COUpaJlLBYX PYKa-
BOB ..........
17.6. 060PYAoBaBBe AJIR c60pK8
KpyrJIOTRallhlX PYKaBOB .
17.7. BYJlKaBDsan;ooBB08 060-
PYAoBaBDe .. ...
17.8. 060PYAoBaBBe OOArOTO-
BBT8JILBYX B SaKJlJO'IBTeJlb-
BYX ooepan;Bii . ...
JInTepaTypa .....
npeAMeTIILIii YI\aaaTe.;Ib ... .
543
547
548
548
555
559
567
567
568
568
570
570
570
572
574
574
574
575
578
579
580
582
584
585
587
590
594
7
n P E.D. VI C 11 0,8 VI E
npOD3BOACTBO pe3BHOBbIX B3AeJIBH JlBJIJleTCJI OAHOH B3 BaD60JIee 6bICTpO
pa3BDBaIO DXCJI OTpacJIei npOMbImJIeHHOCTB. MomHo 6e3 DpeYBeJIH'leHBJI CKa3aTI>,
'ITO B HaCTOJllI\ee BpeMJI aTD B3AeJIBJI DpBMeHJlIOTCJI BO BCeX OTpaCJIJlX HapOAHOrO
X03J1DCTBa. Bh1CTph1D nporpecc B 8TOi 06JIaCTD 06YCJIOBJIeH BCe B03paCTaIO DP,1
DOTpe6JIeHDeM AeTaJIeH D3 pe3DBbI nO'lTD BCeMB OTpaCJIJlMB MamBHOCTpOeBBJI.
nOCTpOeHbI B DpOAOJImaIOT CTpOBTbCJI KPYDHeDmBe DpeADpDJlTIIJI pe3DHOBOi
npOMbImJIeHHOCTD, OCHa eHHbIe COBpeMeHHbIM 060PYAOBaHBeM.
BbICTph1D pOCT npOB3BOACTBa mDB II APyrDx B3AeJIBD D3 pe3BHbI, a TaKa<e
He06xOAHMOCTb nOBbImeHBJI a<}><}>eKTHBHOCTB DCDOJIb30BaHBJI OCHOBBbIX <}>OHAOB
Tpe6YIOT nOArOTOBKlI BbICOKOKBaJID<}>B DpOBaHHbIX KaAPOB, xopomo SHaIOII\Bx
YCTPODCTBO MamBH B aDnapaTOB, npDMeHJleMhIX B pe3BHOBoi npOMbImJIeBBOCTB.
Ha3Ha'leHBe AaHHOH KHDrB - OKa3aTb DOMOlI\b B pemeHBB aToi BamHOD 3aAa'lB.
ECTeCTBeHHO, 'ITO AaTI> B OAHOD KHBre nOAP06Hoe ODDcaHBe Bcex BBAOB 060PY-
AOBaBDJI Be DpeACTaBJIJleTCJI B03MomHbIM. noaTOMY 8BTOpbI OrpaHB1JDJIB CBOIO
3aAa'lY paCCMOTpeHBeM YCTpODCTBa MamDH B annapaTOB 06 ero Ba3Ha'leHBJI, DPB-
MeBJleMh1X Ha 3aBOAax peSDHOBoro DpOD3BOACTBa, He3aBBCDMO OT BRAa DSrOTaBJID-
BaeMOD BMD DPOAYK BB, a TaKme onBcaHDeM OCHOBHbIX BDAOB 060PYAOBaHBJI,
cne Dcf>B'IHbIX AJIJI DpOB3BOACTBa mDB B pe3BHOBbIX B3AeJIBi. K COmaJIeHBIO, 06'1teM
KHBrB Be DOSBOJIBJI BKJIIO'lBTb B Hee onBcaHBe CDe BaJIbHbIX MamBH AJIJI B3rOTO-
BJIeHBJI pJlAa TeXHH'leCKBX II3AeJIBi, pe BHOBoi 06YBB, JIaTeKCHbIX B3AeJIBi, pere-
HepaTa D camB.
JIJI 06JIer'leHBJI DOJIb30BaHBJI MaTepDaJIOM ODBcaHDe 060PYAOBaHBJI 06 ero
Ha3Ha'leHBJI B Cne BaJIbHOrO 060pYAOBaHBJI AaeTCJI DO XOAY TeXHOJIOrB'IeCKOrO
npo ecca DpOB3BoAcTBa.
rJIaBbI 1, 2, 6 KHDrB HanBcaHbI A. B. CaJITbIKOBbIM, ,IJ;. M. BapcKoBbIM D
I B. r. repmMaHoM I; rJIaBa 3 - ,IJ;. M. BapcKoBbIM B B. 1I. AHApamBDKoBbIM;
rJIaBbI 4, 16 - . M. BapcKoBbIM B I B. r. repmMaHoM I ; rJIaBa 5 - B. 1I. AHApam-
BBKOBbI M B ,IJ;. M. BapCKOBh1M; rJIaBbI 7, 12- A. B. CaJITbIKOBbIM B I B.r. repm-
MaHOM I ; rJIaBa 8 - A. B. CaJITbIKOBbIM, ,It M. BapcKoBbI M D 1I. M. PJl60 -
BbIM; rJIaBa 9 - A. B. CaJITbI KOBbIM, 1I. M. PJl60BbIM D I B. r. repmMaHoM I ;
rJIaBa 10 - I B. A. llBHerBBbIM I B 1I. M. PJl60BbIM; rJIaBa 11 - JI. M. KeDepmoi
B 1I. n. :QbIraHKoM; rJIaBa 1 - H. M. PYAaKoBbIM; rJIaBa 14 - E. H. C060JIe-
BbIM; rJIaBa 15 - JI. M. ABTOHOBbIM; rJIaBa 17 - 1I. B. nOJIJlKOBbIM.
ABTOpbI OTAaIOT ce6e OT'IeT B TOM, 'ITO aTa KHBra He JIBWeHa HeAOCTaTKOB.
noaTOMY Bce KpBTD'IeCKBe 3aMe'laHBJI no cOAepmaHBIO KHBrD 6YAYT DpBHJlTbI BMB
C 6JIarOAapHOCTbIO D BHBMaTeJIbHO paCCMOTpeBbI.
A em op bl.
4ACTb nEPBAH
MAWIIIHbl III AnnAPATbl 06UJ.ErO HASHALfEHllifi
rllABA1
060Py.n.OBAHHE .n.nR nPHEMA,
XPAHEHHR H nO)J.rOTOBKH MA TEPHAnOB
Ha 3aBO)\aX pe3HHOBOi npOMbImJIeHHOCTH nepepa6aTbIBaeTCJI 60JIbmOe KOJIB-
'IeCTBO pa3H006pa3HbIX MaTepHaJIOB, K KOTOpbIM OTHOCJlTCJI Ka YKH, BYJIKaHB3Y-
IO He Be eCTBa, YCKOpHTeJIH BYJIKaHH3a BB, aKTDBaTOpbI H 3aMeAJIDTeJIB DO)\BYJI-
KaHD3a H, YCDJIHTeJID, HeaKTHBHbIe HaDOJIBDTeJID, DJIaCTH<}>DKaTOpbI, DpOTHBO-
CTapDTeJID, npOTDBOyTOMHTeJID, pa3JIH'lBbIe TeKCTDJIbHLIe MaTepDaJIbI H T. D. Bce
3TD MaTepDaJIbI DOCTYDaIOT Ha 3aBOACKHe CKJIaAbI D DO Mepe Ba)\06HOCTH DepeAa-
IOTCJI B npOD3BOACTBO. COBpeMeBHbIi saBOA no DPOD3BO)\CTBY pesDHbI pacnOJIaraeT
06mHpBNM CKJIa)\CKDM X08J1DCTBOM, Dpe)\Ha3Ba'leHHbIM )\JIJI DpDeMa, xpaHeHBJI,
DOArOTOBKD H DepeAa'lD B DpOB3BOACTBO CBBTeTH'leCKOrO H HaTypaJIbBOrO Ka y-
KOB, rpaHYJIDpOBaHHbIX H DbIJIJlm;DX cam, MHOrO'IBCJIeHHoii: HOMeHKJIaTYPbI CBeTJIbIX
CbID HX (DopomKo06paaHbIX) MaTeplIaJIOB, paCTBOpDTeJIei (B TOM 'IDCJIe TeXHOJIO-
rH'IeCKorO 6eHsDBa, a eTOHa, yaiT-CnBpDTa II M>yrBx paCTBOpmeJIei), a TaKme
TeKCTBJIbBhIX MaTepBaJIOB. ,IJ;JIJI npDeMa, CKJIMHpOBaHHJI D xpaHeHHJI Kayqy-
KOB, BBrpeABeHTOB II TeKCTDJIbHbIX MaTepHaJIOB Ha CKJIaAaX DCDOJIb3YeTCJI
CDe BaJIbHOe 060pY)\OBaBBe. MBorDe MaTepBaJIbI nepe)\ 3anYCKOM IIX B DpOD3-
BOACTBO HymAaIOTcJI B DpeABapHTeJIbBOi DO)\rOTOBKe, KOTOpaJl OC eCTBJIJleTCJI
B DOArOTOBHTeJIbHOM exe D'IaCTH'lBO Ba CKJIaAe. KpOMe Toro, B Dpo ecce DpO-
HaBOACTBa DCnOJIbaYIOTCJI npeABapBTeJIbHO DpHrOTOBJIeHBbIe CMeCH nopomKo06paa-
BbIX H mDAKBX IIHrpe)\HeBTOB, cycneHaBB, KJIeD, DaCTLI, CMaaKB B T. n.
::ha rJIaBa DOCBJlm;eHa ODBcaHBIO BaB60JIee THDB'lHbIX MamDB H annapaTOB,
DpHMeHJleMbIX )\JIJI YKa3aHHbIX Dpo eCCOB D oDepaI\Bii.
1.1. 060PYAOBAHHE 6YHKEPHOrO CKllAAA
AJlfI XPAHEHHfI rPAHYllHPOBAHHO CA}KH
ByBKepBLli CKJIa)\, DpeAHa3Ha'leHHbIi AJIJI DpHeMa, xpaHeHBJI H Depe)\a'lB
B DpOD3BOACTBO rpaBYJIDpOBaHHoi ca H (pHC. 1.1, CM. BRJIeiKy B Ko e KHDrD),
BKJIIO'IaeT c06CTBeHHO 6YHKepa (CDJIOCbI), CDCTeMY TpaHCDopmpOBKD, a TaKme
CBCTeMY YDpaBJIeHBJI.
Cama D3 6ysKepHoro meJIe3HOAOpomHoro BarOHa TDDa «xoDDep» 1 CCbIDaeTCJI
DO rD6KHM pyKaBal\f 2 H Te'lKe 3 B DpBeMHbIe BOpOHKD )\BYX DO)\peJIbCOBLlX KOHBeie-
pOB 4 C DorpymHbIMD cKpe6KaMH, KOTopbIe Depe)\aIOT ee Ha ropD30HTaJIbBO-BaKJIOH-
HbIe KOHBeDepLI 5 C DorpymHbIMH cKpe6KaMB. 3TB KOBBeiepbI DOABHMaIOT camy
Ha BbICOTY 3,7 M H DeperpymaIOT ee 'Iepe3 Te'lKB 10 D peBepcBBHLIe KOHBeDepbI 6
B 3JIeEaTOpbI 15 AJIJI DO)\'beMa ee HaBepx, K BDHTOBbIM 16 D cKpe6KoBbIM 17 KOHBeiie-
paM, OC eCTBJIJlIO HM 3arpY3KY B COOTBeTCTBYIOm;HD CHJIOC. Ha DpOD3BOACTBO ca»,a
DO)\aeTCJI ABYXBDHTOBbIMD KOHBeDepaMH 6, cKpe6KoBbIMH KOHBeDepaMD 7, peBepCDB-
HbIMH BDHTOBbIMH KOHBeiepaMD 8 H 3JIeBaTOpaMB 14 'Iepea DpoMemyTO'IBbIi 6YBKep
9
12 DO BDHTOBbIM DJID cKpe6KOBbIM KOHBeRepaM K paCXO)\HbIM 6YHKepaM peaHHQo.
C reCHTeJIeii:.
BYHKepHbID CKJIa)\ DpeAHaSHa'leH AJIJI DpBeMa, XpaHeHHJI II DepeAa'lD B DPO-
B3BOACTBO rpaHYJIBpOBaHHOD camB paSJIH'lBNX TDDOB, DocTynaIO ei Ha 8aBO)\
B BarOHax THDa «XODDep» HJIH B saTapeHHOM BB)\e. EMROCTb OAHoro 6YHKepa
(CBJIOca) COCTaBJIJleT 250 M S , 'ITO DPH HaCbIDBoi nJIOTBOCTII rpaHYJIDpOBaBBoi camB
0,33 T/Afs AaeT B03MOmHOCTb xpaBBTb B O)\BOM CHJIOCe (c eTOM K03<}><}> eHTa
3anOJIHeHDJI) )\0 70 T camD. Ram)\aR D3 ABYX TpaBCDopTHbIX CDCTeM nOAaqD camB
H3 meJIe3BO)\OpOmHldX BarOBOB MOmeT DO)\aBaTb B CDJIOCbI DO 20 T camB B 'lac,
a Kail\)\aJl B3 TpaBCDopTHbIX CDCTeM, BbI)\aIOII\BX camy H3 CDJIOCOB Ba DPOD3BOACTBO,-
DO 6 T camH B 'lac. YDpaBJIeHlIe 6YHKepHbIM CKJIaAOM aBTOMaTB3BpOBaBO B ocy-
m,eCTBJIJleTCJI C eHTpaJIbHOrO DysKTa, 06CJIymBBaeMoro OABBM 'IeJIOBeKOM. npH
Be06xoABMOCTH cama B3 BarOBOB MOmeT 6bITb HaDpaBJIeHa HeDocpeACTBeHHO B DPO-
BSBOACTBO.
C ecTBYIOT CKJIaAbI C DHeBMODOAallei camD D8 meJIe3BO)\OpOmBbIX lIarOHOB
B 6yuKepa CKJIa,o;a D lIS RHX - B paCXO)\HLIe 6YSKepa. nueBMODOAa'la peKOMeH-
eTCJI TOJIbKO B CJI ae He60JIbmBX DO AJIBBe Tpacc C MaJILIM 'IHCJIOM DOBOpOTOB
BO D36emaHDe pa3pymeHBJI rpaHYJI. npD IICDOJIb30BaHIHI DHeBMODOAa'lII cxeMa
TpaHCDopTHbIX YCTpoiiCTB YDpO aeTCJI.
BysKepHhID CKJIa)\ DpDro)\eH AJIJI xpaHeHHR 60JIbmOrO KOJIR'IeCTBa camD DPD
MaJIOp.{ 'IDCJIe ee COpTOB (4-6). npH 60JIbmeM 'IDCJIe COpTOB B MeBbmeM pacxoAe
camD eJIeC006pa3Ho OTKa3aTbCJI OT CTpOBTeJIbCTBa 6ysKepHoro CKJIaAa B DO-
CTpOBTb CKJIaA TapHoro xpaHeHDJI camD.
1.2. 060PYAOBAHHE CKnAAoB TAPHOro XPAHEHHfI CAH<H
H CBETnblX nOPOWK006PA3HbiX MATEPHAnOB
Ha SaBO)\aX pe3DHoBoi npOMbImJIeHHOCTH, oc06eHHo B DpOB3BoAcTBe pe3DBo-
BbIX TeXHDlIeCKDX D3)\eJIDii II pe3DBoBoii 06YBH, KpoMe rpaBYJIBpOBaBBbIx DpDMe-
BJlIOTCJI HerpaHyJIBpOBaHHbIe camB, nocTYDaIOm,De C cameBbIX 3aBoAoB B 6YMamBNx
MemKax (B DOCJIe)\Hee BpeMJI )\JIJI TpaBcnopTBpOBaHBJI camH Ha'lDHaIOT DpDMeHJlTbCJI
MJlrKHe KOBTeiHepbI). ,IJ;JIJI DpDeMa H xpaHeHDJI TaKDX ca , Ba AeicTBYIO DX B
CTpOJlm,DXCJI 3aBoAax DMeIOTCJI CKJIAAbI TapHoro xpaBeBHJI caiKH. Ha 3TBX CKJIaA3X
caiKa XpaHHTCJI B mTa6eJIJlx B 3aBOACKOD YDaKOBRe.
.lI.JIH paCTapBBaBDJI camD Ha CKJIaAe yCTanaBJIDBaeTCJI pa3JIB'IHOe 060pY)\OBa-
, Bse.. npJl BCDOJIb30BaBHD 60JIbmDX KOJIB'IeCTB camD npJIMeRJlIOTCJI MamDBbI )\JIJI
paCTapDBaBHJI CDCTeMbI BceCOI03Boro HaY'lHo-nCCJIe)\OBaTeJIbCKorO nHCTDTYTa pe-
8DBOTeXHH'leCKOrO MamDHOCTpOeHIIJI (BHlIIIPTMAill) C DPODYCKHOi cnoc06-
BOCTbIO)\O 250 MemKOB B 'lac. 3Ta MamDBa paCTapBBaeT 6YMaiRnbID MemOK B sarpy-
iHaeT camy B eJIJIo<}>aHoBbIi MemOK BJIB KOHTeiHep, B KOTOpbIX cama DOAaeTCJI
Ba eHTpaJID30BaHHYIO pa8BeCKY BJID HenOCpe)\CTBeHHO 1< pe3DBOCMeCHTeJIJlM. 3aTa-
pBBaHDe KOHTeiHepoB MOiKeT OC eCTBJIJlTbCJI Ha YCTaHOBKe, C03)\aHHOi Ha o-
BCCJIe)\OBaTeJIbCKBM D KOBCTpyKTOpCKO-TeXBOJIOrD'IeCKJIM BBCTHTYTOM mHBBOH
DpOMLImJIeBHOCTH (HlIRTlImn). npOB3BOABTeJIbHOCTb TaKoi yCTaHoBKD AO 250
MemKOB B 'lac. 06e MamBHbI DOAKJIIO'IaIOTCJI K CDCTeMe BbITJlmHOii BeHTHJIJlI\HD.
3TO D03BOJIJleT YCTpaBDTb DbIJIeHDe DPD paCTapDBaHBB B 3aTapDBaHHB caiKB.
MamDHLI DMeIOT 60JIbmDe ra6apDTbI, BCJIe)\CTBBe 'Iero AJIJI HX yCTaHoBKH He06xo-
DMa 60JIbmaS nJIO a)\b.
llpD Be60JIbmOM paCXo)\e camD (AO 1,5-2 T/CyT) DpHMeHJlIOTCJI 3arpys01JHbIe
mKa<}>bI TDDa lIfO-2488 DJID )\pyroi KOHCTPYK DB, KOTopbIe TaKme 060pYAoBaHbI
DpDCDOC06JIeHlIeM )\JIJI BCKpbITBJI MemKa D BeHTDJIJI DOHHbIM OTCOCOM. 3arpY30'l-
BbIe nrna<}>1>1 DMeIOT 6ysKep, D3 J«)TOPOro cama MomeT 6bITb DO)\aHa B npOB3BOACTBO
cBcTeMoi BBHTOBbIX, JIeHTO'IBNX KOHBeiiepoB DJID DHeBMOTpaHCDopTOM.
to
CBeTJIbIe DOpOmK006pa3BbIe MaTepBaJIbI (MeJI, KaOJIHB B AP.) DOCTYDaIOT Ba
CKJIaA CbIpbJl B 60JIbIDHHCTBe CJIY'IaeB B 3aBOACKOD YDaKOBKe B DOAaIOTCJI B DpOB3'"
BOACTBO B KOBTeDBepax BJIB B CDe BaJIbBOi Tape, a DPB 60JIbmOM paCXOAe - HeDO
cpeACTBeBBO DBeBMOTpaBCDopTOM.
HerpaBYJIBpOBaBBbIe camB B CBeTJIbIe DopomKo06paSBbIe HBrpeABeBTbI AOJI-
mHbI DOCTYDaTb Ba saBOAbI peSBHOBoi npOl<lbImJIeBBOCTB B KOBAB DOBBOM BBAe,
Be Tpe6YIO eM AODOJIBBTeJIbBOi 06pa60TKB. OABaKO AJIJI pJlAa peSBHOBbIX Clolecen
BeKOTopbIe MaTepBaJIbI DpeABapBTeJIbHO cymaT BJIB npoceBBaIOT. ,IJ;JIJI aTBX eJIeii
Ba aaBOAax (Ba CKJIaAe CbIpbJl BJIB B nOArOTOBBTeJIbBOM exe) DpeAycMaTpu-
BaeTCJI COOTBeTCTBYIO ee 060pYAOBaBBe.
,IJ;JIJI DpoceBBaBBJI BerpaBYJIBpOBaBHoi camD BCDOJIb3yeTCJI CeJlJIKa 6apa6aH-
Boro TBDa, BbIDYCKaeMaJl saBOAOM BM. RpaCBHa. CameBaJl CeJlJIKa COCTOBT B3
palorbI, Ba KOTOpoi C YKJIOBOM 0,03° 1\ ropB30BTY CMOBTBpOBaH 6apa6aB ABaMeTpOlor
550 MM B AJIBBOi 2336 MM, 06TJ1HYTLIi ceTKoi M 04. Bapa6aH npBBOABTCJI BO Bpa-
eHBe OT I:meKTpOABBraTeJIJI A02-32-6 (2,2 ItBT, 950 06/MDH) 'Iepes KJIBBOpeMeH-
BYIO DepeAa'lY; OH COBepmaeT 24 06/MBB. ra6apBTBbIe pa3MepbI cameBoi CeJlJIKB
4220 x 1660 x 2250 MM. Macca CeJlJIKB 1,33 T. B 3aBIICBMOCTB OT BOMepa ceTKB
DpOBSBOABTeJIbBOCTb CeJlJIKB COCTaBJIJleT OT 80 AO 250 Kr/'I. '
npB Be60JIbmOM paCXOAe CBeTJILIX DopomKOBbIX MaTepBaJIOB cymKa DpOII3-
BOABTCJI B CJIY'Iae He06xoABMOCTB B BaKyyMBbIX cymaJIKaX, KaMepBbIX ABYX- DJIB
TpexceK OHBbIX B03AymBbIx cymBJIKaX, a TaKme B 6apa6aHHbIx B mBeKOBbIX
cymHJIKaX BeDpepLlBHoro AeicTBBJI.
OTe'lecTBeHHoi DpOMbImJIeBBOCTbIO BbIDYCKaIOTCJI mBeKOBbIe cymBJIKB HeDpe-
pbIBHoro AeiicTBBJI C DapOBbIM BJIB aJIeKTp0060rpeBoM. HaDpBMep, mHeKOBaJl
cymBJIKa AJIJI MeJia B KaOJIHHa C BHAYK BOBBLIM 060rpeBOM BbIDYCKaeTCJI 3aBOAOM
«RY3DOJIBMepMam». OHa xapaKTepBsyeTcJI CJIeAyIO BMB DOKaSaTeJIJlMB:
IIpoH3BOARTenhBocTh, T/'1 . . .
Yron BaKnOBa mBeKa, rpaAYCY
,lI.oaMeTp mBeKa, MY ...
3neKTpOABHraTenh opHBoAa
THn .........
MOmBOCTh, KBT . . . . .
'1aCTOTa BpameBRR, 06/MHB
PeAYKTOp
TOO ...........
nepeAaTO'IBOe 'lBcno . . . . . . . . .
MomBOCTh BarpeBaTenhBOi CDHpanH, KBT
Bna»CBOCTh Mena, %
AO cyumo . . . . . .
oocne CymKH . . . .
ra6apHTBYe paauepY, MM
AnoBa
mopBBa
BYCOTa .
Macca, T . .
0,5
25
140
A02-41-6
3,0
1000
. . P1J:H-120-1II-1
31
25
0,20
0,08
4355
1282
2170
0,70
npB 60JIbmBX KOJIB'IeCTBaX pacxoAyeMoro MaTepBaJIa (MeJI, RaOJIBB), DOAa-
BaeMoro Ba DpOB3BOACTBO DBeBMOTpaHcnopToM, CymRS BX DpOBSBOABTCJI B DOTOKe
TpaHCDOpTBpyIO ero DOAorpeToro B03Ayxa DPB TeMDepaType 130°C. npD aTOM
BJIamBOCTb MaTepBaJIa CBBmaeTCJI C 2,5 AO 0,2%. nponycKHaJl CDoc06BOCTb TaKoi
YCTaBOBKB Be MeBee 2 T/'I. ,IJ;oDOJIHBTeJIbHO MeJIOBosAymHaJl CMeCb MomeT CyuJ;BTbCJI
B aapo<}>oBTaBBoi cymBJIKe, BKJIIO'IaeMOi B CBCTeMY DHeBMoTpaHcDopTa, rAe DpO-
DCXOABT OTAeJIeBBe B BbIDaAeBBe KPYDBbIX BKJIIO'IeBBi B nOCTopOBBBX Dpe,D;MeTOB.
1I3 aapo<}>oBTaBBoii: CymBJIKB MeJIOB03AymBaJl CMeCb DOCTYDaeT B OC8ADTeJIbUYIO
KaMepy, B KOTOpoi MeJI (BJIB KaOJIBB) OTAeJIJleTCJI OT BosAyxa. lis OCaABTeJIbBOD
K8MepbI BDHTOBOi KOBBeiep BbIrpymaeT MeJI B 6YHKepa AJIJI XpaBeBBJI. BOSAYX
11
H3 OCa HTeJIbHOi KaMepbI OTCaCbIBaeTCJI ABYMJI BaKYYM-HaCOCaMII PMH-3, pa60Ta-
IOOXHMD DapaJIJIeJIbHO.
Ha pDC. 1.2 DOKa3aHa cxeMa TaKOD YCTaHOBKD (6e3 aapo<}>oBTaBHoi cymDJIKB).
B03AYX HarpeBaeTCJI B TenJIo06MeBBBKe 1 B DOAxBaTbIBaeT MaTepBaJI, no aBaeMbIi
8 9 'Iepe3 DBTaTeJIb C mJII030BbIM 3aTBopOM 2. CKo-
BOJuyx pOCTb Bpa eBBJI DIITaTeJIJI DepeMeBBaJl B pe-
rYJIBPYeTCJI B Dpe eJIax OT 20 AO 70 06JMBB
B 3aBBCDMOCTB OT BIIAa MaTepBaJIa. no TPy60-
DPOBOAY 3 MeJIOB03 ymHaJl CMeCb DOAaeTCJI B ce-
napaTOp 4, rAe KPYDBbIe B MeJIKBe <}>paK BII
DODaAaIOT COOTBeTCTBeHHO B 6YHKepa 5 II 6.
BeHTBJIJlTOP BbICOKoro AaBJIeHDJI 7 OTcaCbIBaeT
B03 X B DOAaeT ero B PYKaBBbIi <}>BJIbTp 8,
rAe OKOB'laTeJIbBO DpOB3BOABTCJI O'lDCTKa B03-
Ayxa, KOTOpbIi 3aTeM BbI6pacbIBaeTcs B aTMOC-
<}>epy 'Iepe3 DaTPy60K 9.
npoceBBaBBe CBeTJIbIX MaTepBaJIOB, pacxo-
AyeMbIX B Be60JIbmBX KOJIH'leCTBaX, KaK Dpa-
BBJIO, DpOB3BOADTCJI Ha BB6pocBTax BJID B cy-
mBJIbHo-DpOceBHOM arperaTe KOBCTPYK HB
BHHHPTMAm. BB6pa BoHHbIe CBTa, BaB60-
JIee pacDpocTpaBeHHbIe B pe3DBoBoH DpOMbIm-
JIeBBOCTB, COCTOJIT B3 BaKJIOBHOrO Kopoyca C
ABYMJI ceTKaMB, HaTJlByTbIMII Ba AepeBJlBHYIO
paMY. PaMa pa3AeJIeBa peiKaMB AJIJI paBBO-
MepBoro paCDpeAeJIeHIIS DO HeD pe3BHOBbIX
mapOB, Dpe OXpaHJlIO BX OTBepCTBJI ceTOK
OT 3a6BBaBBJI. PaMa DpBBOABTCJI B KOJIe6a-
TeJIbBOe ABBmeHDe C DOMO bIO 3JIeKTpOABBra-
TeJIJI 'Iepes <}>pBKD;DOHBbID 3Kc eHTpBKOBbID MexaBB3M. HBme DpBBOAJlTCJI Tex-
HH'leCKDe xapaKTepBCTHKB 'IeTbIpeX pa31IB'lBbIX BB6pOCDT:
m=:
I 8IlQJf(HbIU
I npOPYKm
3
Poe. t.2. CxeMa YCTaBoBKo Alll1 cym-
KD MeJIa B DOTOKe ropR'lero B03AYXa:
1 - TeDJIOO lIeBBIIK; I - mrraTen& II mmo-
30BOI saTSOp; 3 - TPyI5oDpOBOlI; 4 - ce-
DapaTOp; 6, 6 - }'1IKepa 11.nll rpy6lo1x B
MenKBX IIIpaKtVIA DpOcymeBBoro liMa; '1 -
BeBTIIJVITOp; 8 - PYKaBBIoIA 4111J1f>TP; 9-
DaTPY K 11.JIII OTB011.a 'lBC'I'oro B0311.Yxa.
BB6p()CB'1'a 30011.a
8M. }(pacBRa
M-U5Xf2t5 HA-5t94S
n POUSBO.D;HTeJlhBOCTb,
I<r /'1 .......
nOBepXBOCTb C8TKU, M2
YroJi BaKJlOBa paMY . .
1J:UCJlO ,ltBoiBYX KOJle6a-
Bui CBTa B 1 MDB . .
Mo oCTh 9J1eKTpo.D;BBra-
TeJlR DpBBO.D;a, KBT . .
ra6apHTBye pa3Mepy, MM
AJiBBa
mBpBBa
BYCOTa
Macca, T
.l{o 200
0,6
6°
340
0,6
2288
700
550
0,235
,1(0400
2.28
8 9
135
2,2
3110
1421
1025
0,91
BII(ipocma TIlDa "POTeKC>l
.Ni3 Nt7
50-250
0,6
4 30'
435
1.1
1750
000
900
0,13
300-500
2.0
4° 30'
360
2.2
3000
1200
1000
0,725
HeAOCTaTKaMD BB6poCBT JlBJIJlIOTCJI BX Be60JIbmaJl DpOB3BOABTeJlbHOCTb,
'IaCTbID DpOpbIB ceTOK B TpYABOCTb repMeTB3aD;HB.
Pa3pa60TaBa KOHCTPYK JI BeDpephiBBoro mHeKOBoro cymBJlbBO-npoceBHoro
arperaTa. Ha pDC. 1.3 DOKa3aBa cxeMa YCTpODCTBa TaKoro arperaTa. Ha paMe 1
paCDOJIOmeH Kopnyc 2, BBYTPD ROToporo paCDOJIOmeB mHeR 3. mHeK DpBBOABTCJI
B ABIDReBBe OT SJIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 7 'Iepes peAYKTOp 6. MaTepBaJI 3arpymaeTCJI
B 6yBKep 4. Ropnyc arperaTa MOmeT o60rpeBaTbCJI B BBTepBaJIe TeMDepaTYP 80-
150°C 3JIeKTpOBarpeBaTeJIeM 5. npocymeHHhID MaTepBaJI DocTYDaeT B 6ysKep 8,
12
Pac. t .3. CymJlJJhBO-npoceBBoi arperaT:
1 - pIIMa; I - Kopnyc; , - lDBeK; 4,' - (lYBKepa; 6 _ Ha-
rpeBaTenl>; 6 - P8.!1YKTOP; '1, 11 - aneKTpO.BBI'aTenB; 9 _ DB-
Tarem.; 10 - ceRJlKa.
+
+
..S08S
SaTey DBTaTeJIeM 9 DOAaeTCR B 6apa6aHHYIO CeJlJIKY 10, ROTopaR DpDBOABTCJI B AeD-
CTBBe 0'1' aJIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 11. ArperaT DMeeT CJIeAYIO Be OCHOBBbIe xapaKTe-
pDCTBKB:
IIp01t8BO BTeJlLHOCTL, T/'1 . 0.5
YCTaHOBO'IHaR MOIl\HOCTh, KBT . 27,7
fa6apHTHl>le pa3Mepy, MY
HHa.... .5085
mHpRBa . . . . H25
BYCOTa ....... . 2910
Macca arperaTa, T ....... . 1.318
npB 60JIbmBX pacxoAax MaTepBaJIOB peKoMeBAyeTcR BMeCTO DpoceBa DpOB3-
BOABTb BOSAYDIHYIO ceDapa BIO C DpDMeBeHBeM aapOKJIaCCB<}>BKaTopoB.
1.3. 060PY AOBAHHE CKnAAA >KHAKHX H nErKOnnABKHX
npOAYKTOB
npB 3Ba'lBTeJIbHOM DOTpe6JIeHBD mBAKBe B JIerKODJIaBKBe DPOAYKTbI (nJIacm-
<}>lIJ(aTopbI) DocTYDaIOT Ba CKJI8A B iKeJIeSBOAOpomBbIx BcTepHax, a IIPD M8JIOM -
B 60'lKaX BJIB 6apa6aBax. noaToMY Ba 3aBOAax DMeeTCJI CKJI8P., 060PYAoBaBBHR
pesepByapaMB 60JIbmoi eMKocTB, B CKJIaA AJIJI xpaBeBBJI DPOP.YKTOB, DocTyoa-
IO DX B 60'lKaX BJIB 6apa6aBax.
1KDAKBe DPOAyKTbI B3 meJIe3BOAOpomHbIx BcTepH DOAaIOTCJI B 3aBoAcKBe-
pe3epByapLI DPD DOMO BaCOCOB BJIB caMOTeKOM. ,IJ;JIJI pa3rpysRB JIerKODJIaBKBX
DpoAYRTOB 060PYAYIOTCJI 060rpeBaTeJIbBbIe yCTaBOBKB. Ha aTDX me YCTaBoBKax
pasorpeBaIOT H BeKoTopbIe mBAKOCTB (OJIeBBOBaJl KBCJIOTa, MaCJIO nH-6 B AP.),
aaCTbIBaIOlIUIe B XOJIOAHOe BpeMJI rOAa. 3aBoAcKBe peaepByapbI cBa6maIOTCJI 3Mee-
BBKaMB AJIJI DOAorpeBa DpoAYKTa, DpB60paMB AJIJI KOBTpOJIJI B aBTOMaTB'IeCRor
peryJIBpOBIIBBJI ypOBBJI B '1'eMDepaTYPbI DpoAyKTa.
1.4. MAWHHbl H AnnAPATbI Anfl nOArOTOBKH KAY4YKA
HaTypaJIbBbIi Ka yK DpB AJIHTeJIbBOM xpaueBBB Ba'lBHaeT KpBCTaJIJIBSo-'
BaTbCJI DPB TeMDepaType 10 °C. B 3DMBee BpeMJI Ka yK HaCTOJIbKO saTBepAe-
BaeT, 'ITO Be DOAAaeTCJI 06pa60TKe. JIeToM B3-3a DJIoxoii TeDJIODpOBOABOCTH Ray-
'lYRa RBDN O'leBb MeAJIeBBO DporpeBaIOTCJI B B cepeABHe KDDbI Ka yK BaXOABTCR'
B 60JIbmBBCTBe CJI aeB B KpBCTaJIJIH'leCKOM COCTOJlBBB. TaKoD Ka YK Be MOiKeT
6J.ITb D eB B DpOB3BOACTBO 6es DpeABapB'feJIbBOrO DOAorpeBa. an onepa BR Ba-
SbIBaeTCJI AeKpHCTaJIJIBSa eD BJIB pacDapKoi. HaTypaJIbHbIi Ka YR DocTYDaeT
B BBAe KBD MaCCOD 100 Kr Ka1RAaJl, KOTopbIe He06xoABMO paspe3aTb Ba Be-
CKOJIbKO KyCKOB. CJIeAOBaTeJIbBO, DOArOTOBKa Ra yKa Ba 60JIbmDBCTBe 3aBOAOB
BKJIIO'IaeT ABe ODep B: AeRpBCT8JIJIB3a .IO B pe3Ky.
1.4.1. Y CTaHOBKH AnR AeKpHCTannHaa[4HH
HaTypanbHoro KaY'4YKa
npB TelofDepaType BbIme 45 °C 3aKpBCTaJIJIBSOBaBmBiicJI KaY'lYK Depexop.BT"
B aMop<}>Boe COCTOJlBBe; OB MomeT 6bITb DOABepruYT MeX8BB'leCKOi 06pa60TKe
(DJIaCTBKa B) Ba BaJIb aX, B pe3HBOCMeCBTeJIJlX BJIB 'IepBJI'IBbIX MamDBax. npB-
MeBJlIOTCJI ABa cDoc06a AeRpBCTaJIJIBSa HaTypaJIbBbIX Ka yKOB: rOpJl'lBU
B03AYXOM B TOKaMB BJ.ICOKOi 'IaCTOTbI.
eKpBCTamm88D,BJI lCayqYICa ropJl'lBJ( B03AYXOM. PaSJIB'IaIOT DepDOAJI1IeCKDi
B BeDpepbIBBHB CDoc06bI p8s0rpeBa ICay'lyKOB rOpJl'lBM BOSAYXOM.
nepBOAH'leCRD CDoc06 pacnapKB SaKJlIO'IaeTCJI B TOM, 'ITO KBD!.I BJID RYCKII
Ka Ka DOHe aIOT B paCDapO'lHLIe K8Mep» paSMepOM DpBMepBO 5 x 6 x 5 M.
rAe OBB DporpeBaIOTCJI rOpJl'lRM B031J.yxeM :lip. TeMDepaType 60-80 °C. ,1(JIJI BHTeB-
14
CH<}>HKa HB DpOn;eCCa AeKpBCTaJIJIBaa BD KDDY Ka YKa paSpeSaIOT Ha 4-5 'IaCTei.
Ho 11 B aTOM CJIY"<Iae paCDapKa AJIBTCJI 4-10 'I JIeTOM B 6-18'1 SBHOi.
HeDpepbIBHbID cDoc06 paCDapRB OTJIH'laeTCJI OT ODBcaBBoro TeM, 1IT0 KYCKII
KaY'IYKa yKJI8J];bIBaIOT Ha TpeXDOJIO'lBbIe JIIOJIbKD eDBoro KOBBeiepa, KOTOpLIi
paCDOJIaraeTCJI B RaMepe B TPB JlPyca DPB 06 ei AJIDBe ero 250 M (CKOPOCTb ABume-
HBH paBBa DpDMepBO 0,7 M/HDB). B RamAYIO JIIOJIbKy sarpymaIOT AO 100 Kr Ray-
'lyRa. nOAorpeB BOSAYxa AO 90-100 °C DpOB3BOADTCJI KaJIOpB<}>epaMD DPB AaBJIe-
HDD Dapa 0,5-0,6 Mna. BPKYJIJI JI BOBAyxa B KaMepe 06eCDe'lBBaeTCH AByMII
BbICOKODpOB3BOABTeJIbBbIMD BeHTBJIJlTOpaMB (DpoBSBOABTeJIbBOCTb KamAoro
40 TbIC. M 8 /'I). npOAOJImHTeJIbBOCTb paCDapKB COCTaBJIJleT OROJIO 6-7 'I, DpOll8Bo-
ADTeJlbBOCTb OABOi RaMepLl BeDpepLlBBoro AeicTBIIJI AOCTHraeT 4 T/'I.
HecMoTpJl Ha SBa'lBTeJIbBOe YBeJID'IeBDe DpOBSBOABTeJIbBOCTB paCDapO'lBhIX
RaMep HeDpepbIBBoro AeDCTBBJI DO cpaBHeBBIO C DepBOAJI1IeCKBMH, CDoc06 A RpB-
CTaJIJIB3a KaY1JyKa rOpJl'lBM B03AYXOH AaJIeK OT COBepmeBCTBa, TaR KaK AJIB-
TeJIbBOe B03AeDCTBBe ropJl'lero BOSAYxa BbIBbIBaeT OKBCJIeBBe BJIB Aame OCMOJIeBDe
RayqyKa, 'ITO, eCTeCTBeBBO, YXYAmaeT ero Ka'leCTBO. RpOMe Toro, DpOAOJImBTeJIb-
BOCTb npo ecca pacnapKB BSMepHeTCJI nO-DpemBeHY 'IacaMB, BCJIeACTBBe 'Iero
paCnapO'IBbIe KaMepbI 3aBDM8IOT 60JIbmyIO DJIO aAb B DpBXOABTCJI DMeTb 60JII.lDDe
,aaDaCbI K8yqyRa. no MBM DpH'lBHaM B Te'leHBe AJlDTeJIbBOrO BpeMeBD DPOBOAB-
JIBCb pa60TbI DO B3bICKaHBIO 60JIee COBepmeBHoro cDoco6a AeKpBCTaJIJIDSa
Ka yRa, B pesYJIbTaTe KOTOpbIX 6wJI coaAaH MeTOA pacnapKD KayqyKa TOKaMB
BbICOKOD 'IaCTOTbI (TBq).
eKpBCTaJlJUl38 HJlIC8}"1yKa Ba YCTaBoBKax TBq. Ha aTDX YCTaBoBKax Kay'lYK
BarpeBaeTCJI B peSYJIbTaTe B03AeicTBBJI aJIeKTpB'leCKOrO DOJIH BbICOKOi 'IaCTOTbI,
DpH'IeM DporpeB KBIILI DpOBCXOAIIT DO Bcei Macce OABOBpeMeBBO, 'ITO SBa'lBTeJIbBO
YCKOpJleT npo ecc AeKpBCTaJIJIB3a BB.
¥ CTaBOBKa AJIJI HarpeBaBHJI BaTypaJIbBOrO Ka yKa TOKaMB BbICOKOD t.laCTOTbI
(<}>Bp)'!bI «BeKKep nepKDBC») DMeeTCJI Ha ,IJ;BenpoDeTpOBCKOM mBBBOM 3aBOAe ('Iac-
TOTS 75 Mr , BaDpJlmeHBe 10 KB). OHa BbIDOJIBeBa B BRAe ABYX DJlT ellBb1X
TpaHCDopTepOB 3 (pBC. 1.4), npBBOAH DXCJI B ABBmeHBe DBeBMaTH'leCKDMD DJIDB-
.o;paMH. TpaHcnopTepbI COBepmaIOT DyJIbCBpyIO ee ABBmeBDe C BBTepB8JIOM B 3 MHB.
Hap; KamAbIM TpaHCDopTepOM paCDOJIOmeBO DO AeBJlTb BLlCOKO'laCTOTHblX HarpeBa-
Te.'IbHbIX KaMep 4. RBDa Kay"<lyKa DOAaeTCJI Ba DBTaIO lIe DpDBOABNe pOJIbraBrB
1, KOTopMe 'Iepes Ka1RAbIe 3 MBB BbIAaIOT DO OABOD KUDe Ba Kam,tJ;bIi DS eDBbIX
TpaHCTIOpTepOB 3. ,
BK.'IIO'IeHBe DOAalO BX pOJIbraBrOB DpOD3BOADTCJI OT <}>oTOaJIeKTpH'leCKOrO
, YCTpOaCTBa 1 (pDC. 1.5) DOCJIe Toro, KaK O'lepeABaJl RUDa 6YAeT SaXBa'leBa eDBbIMD
TpaHcnopTepaMD. HBna KaY'lYKa DOAaeTCJI eDBLIM TpaBCDopTepOM 3 (CM. pBc.1.4)
Ha OADH mar B YCTaHaBJIDBaeTCJI nOA H8rpeBaTeJIbBOD R8.MepOD 4, RYAa OBa DOA-
HDMaeTCJI CTepmBeBbIM DBeBMODOA'beMBHKOM. B KaMepe KBDa DpDmBMaeTCJI K DJIa-
BaIO HM 3JIeKTpOAaM, C03AaIO DM aJIeKTp1I'leCKOe DOJIe BbICOKOi 'IaCTOTbI. qepes
3 MDB nHeBMODOA'beMHBK oDycKaeTCJI, II KBDa JIO)I(BTCJI Ba eDBoD TpaBCDopTep,
KOTOpbIM DOAaeTCJI Ha OADB mar K CJIeAYIO eH BarpeBaTeJIbBOH KaMepe. nOcJIe
.o;eBJlTOD KaMepbI KDDa nOCTyDaeT Ha YCTpoic'fBO 5 (CM. pBC. 1.4) C BfOJIb'laTbIM
YDOM 2, DOKaaaHHoe Ha pBC. 1.6, AJIJI DpOBepKB DOJIHOTbI DporpeBa. ECJIB OKa3b1-
BaeTCR, 'ITO KBna paBorpeTS AOCTaTO'IBO, OHa DOAaeTCJI Ba OT60pO'lBbIe pOJIbraBrD
(j II BaTeM CHllMaeTCJI C YCTaHOBKB. B CJI ae He06xOABMOCTB KHDa DOCTYDaeT Ba
AODOJIHBTeJIbHHii pa30rpeB. npOBSBOADTeJIbHOCTb yCTaBoBKD 4 T/'I.
B CCCP paspa60TaHa yCTaBoBKa TBq BeDpepbIBHoro AeicTBBJI (pBC. 1.7),
npeAHaSHa'leBBaJl AJIJI BarpeBaBBJI KDD Ka YKa AJIHBOi 600-750 MM, mDpHHOD:
500-600 MM B BbICOTOD 200-500 MM. Y CTaBOBKa COCTOIIT B3 DJIaCTImtJaToro
TpaBCDopTepa 6, paCDapO'lBOD KaMepbI 4, ABYX BbICORO'laCTOTBLIX YCTPODCTB
JIr.n;-32, RaHTOBaJIbBOrO B KOBTpOJIbBOrO MexaBB8MOBII c6pacbIBaIO ero YCTpoa-
CTBa 1. nJIaCTBB'IaTbIM TpaBCDopTepOM 6 KDna KayqyKa DOAaeTCJI B pacDapo'lBYIO
15
.
u_
---
I
I ,
II .
5 r-l 1i ,-1 I 1
r'-' LJ -1 , . '-'I
'I
H
I
2
.
----
9
6
J
Pac. t.4. YCTaROBKa AlIg pacuaplCB RaTYpUI>ROrO KayqyKa TOKaMO BYCOKOi '1aCTOTW jOpMJi cBeRKep DepKBBct:
1 - DO.lUIJOJqBe JJpBBO.lIYe pom.rallJ'B; I - fI.IoToenelCTpB'lecKoe 1CTPOACTBO; a - eDllYe TPaBCDopreploli 4 - KaMeplol BarpeBa TOICIIJIB Blo1ooICO. 'l8CTOTIoI; 6-
KOBTP0m.Boe YCTpOItCTBO C arom.'I8T101M Iq}'DOM;t6 - oT60po'IIIYe UVBB011llYe pom.raar".
'-2'1000
..
6500
6050
1
2
J
If
6
Pac. 1.7. ¥CTaBOBKa BeupephIBBoro AeBCTBBR]AJUI AeKpOCTaJIJIOsalQlo BaTypaJILBOrO KaY1JYKa TOKaMB BYCOKOB
'1aCTOTY, BYDycKaeMan B CCCP:
1 _ cGpaCIoIBaIOJqee YCTpOItCTBO; I _ KOBTPom.BIoIA MeXaBB8M 1JJ)0BepKB DOnaOTlol P880rpeB8; 3 - dIOPKaMe
loI; 4 - paCUapOQRBJI
K8Mepa;<"$ _ lIaRTOBanbHmt MCXaBB8M; 6 _ Dn8CTJD1'1aTWt TP8BCDOPTeP; '1 - DIoICOKO'laC'1'O'1'B811 YCTaBOBKa JIl' -32; 8 - 9neKTPOO
PY.IIO BaJlHe ; 9 _ IIpOTHBOnO)flapH811 YCTaBOBKa; 10 - peAVKTOP PM-400 (i -= 48,57); 11 - PeJlVKTOP PM- 50 (i 20> 48,58); 11-
9neKTPO.llBH1'8TeJtb AO-U-6.
KaMepy, rAe K Bei DOABOAHTCJI aJIeKTpOA. ROBTaKT ltlemAY KBDOi Ka YKa B aJIeK-
TPOAOM 06eCDe'lBBaeTCJI nBeBltIO JIDHAPOH. BTOpbIM aJIeKTpOAOM CJIymBT TpaBC-
DOpTep (OB 3aaeHJIeH). B DOJIe BbICOROD 'IaCTOTbI DepBOrO reHepaTOpa KBDa BaXO-
ARTCJI 30 MBH, DOCJIe qero DPB DOMODQ! KaBTOBaJIbBOrO MexaBB3Ma 5 OBa DOBO-
pa'lDBaeTCJI Ha 180 0 AJIJI JI mero DporpeBa B DOCTYDaeT B DOJIe BbICOKOi 'Ia-
CTOTbI BToporo reBepaTopa, rAe BJ.IAepmBBaeTCJI e e 30 MBB. 3aTeM KBDa BbIBO-
ARTCJI BS KaMepbI B DOCJIe DpOBepKB DporpeBa ROBTpOJIbHbIM MexaUIISMOM 2 DOD8-
AaeT Ba c6pacbIB8IO ee YCTpoicTBO 1. npOBSBoABTeJIbBOCTb yCTaHoBKB 1200 Kr!q.
HecMoTpJl Ha B3BeCTHbID BeAOCTaTOK (BepaBBoMepBbIi DporpeB BCJIeACTBlIe
pa3JIH'lBOrO DOrJIO eHBJI TeDJIOTbI aMop<}>HbIMB B KpBCTaJIJIH'leCKDMB aCTKaMB,
a TaKme B3-sa HeOABHaKOBoro paCDpeAeJIeBBJI BJIarB B KDne) , BbICOKO'laCToTHbIii:
CDoc06 AeKpBCTaJIJIBSa BB BaTypaJIbHOrO Ka YKa 60JIee npOB3BOABTeJIeB B aKO-
DOMJI1IeH, 'IeM Bce APyrBe CDoc06bI. HOpMaJIbBaJi pa60Ta BI>ICOKO'laCTOTBWX Ae-
KpBCTaJIJIJI3a BOBBbIX yCTaBoBOK B 3Bat.lBTeJIbBOi CTeneBB 3aBBCDT OT <}>oPMW
KBD RaY'lYKa.
1.4.2. MawHHbI Ana peaKH KaY"IYKa
MamDHbI, DpBMeBJleMbIe B pesBBoBoM DpOBSBoAcTBe AJIR pesKB Ka YRa, Ha3J.I-
BaIOTCJI BomaMB. HCDOJIbSYIOTCJI rBJIbOTBBBJ.Ie, HBOrOJI eBbIe B ABCKOBbIe BOa\B.
fam.oTBBB:bIe Boam. 8TH BomD paC eDJIJlIOT KBDLI DO HeCTY CJIBDaHBJI JIBCTOB
Mem,u;y c060i, 6JIarOAapJl 'IeMY BX MomBO BCDOJIb30BaTb AJIn pesKB KBD MOpO)l{eBorO
BaTypaJIbBOrO KaY'lyKa 6es DpeABapBTeJIbBOro pa80rpeBa. no KOBCTPYK H rBJIbO-
TBBBbIe HomB AOBOJIbBO DpOCTbI. Hom ABBmeTCJI B BaupaBJIJlIO BX BHB3 B BBepx.
JIesBDe Homa BMeeT RJIDHOBBABYIO <}>OPMY. HomB 6bIBaIOT C rDApaBJIJI1IeCKDM B
MeXaBH'leCKBM DpBBOAOM. HO)l{ C rBApaBJIH'lecKDM DpBBOAOM AeJIaeT 1,5-2) a C Me-
XaBB'IeCKBM - 3-4 pesa B 1 MBH. 06 ee YCBJIBe, COSAaBaeMoe DJIysmepOM,
paBBO 500-700 KH. MO BOCTb aJIeKTpOABBraTeJUI C MeXaHJI1IeCKBM DpBBOAOM
COCTaBJIJleT 15-30 KBT.
rHJIbOTHBBbIe BomlI, BeCMOTpJl Ba BBSRYIO DpOB8BOABTeJIbBOCTI>, Bce e e
mBpOKO DpBMeBJlIOTCJI B DpOMbImJIeBBOCTB. 8TO 06'bJlCBJleTCJI TeM, 'ITO BMD MomBO
pesaTb MOpOmeBJ.Iii: Ka YK, a TaKme TeM, 'ITO pa60Ty BX MomBO MexaBB3BpOBaTb
B aBTOMaTBSBpOBaTb. n pOB8BOABTeJIbBOCTb rBJIbOTDBBbIX Bomei MOmeT 6bITb
BeCKOJIbKO yBeJIJI1IeBa B pesyJIbTaTe DpDMeBeBBJI paSJIH'lBbIX DpBCDOC06JIeBBD
,u;JIJI MexaBBsBpoBaBBoi DOAa'lB KBD KaY'lYKa DOA Bom. HomB.cTaKDMB DpBCDOC06-
JIeBUJlMB BSrOTaBJIBBaIOT BeKOTopbIe sapy6emBbIe <}>BPMW, BaupBMep «$peBcBc
IDoy» (KBDa DepeABBraeTCJI DO pOJIbraBry CDe aJIbBbIM TOJIKaTeJIeM). Ha pBC. 1.8
DOKasaB rBJIbOTDHBbIi Bom aBTOMaTB'IeCKOrO AeBCTBDJI THDa 39a, BbID eHBbIi
aToi <}>BpMOi. Hom DpeABaSBa'leB AJIJI peSRD RBD BaTypaJIbBOrO KaY'lyKa) CBBTe-
TH'leCKOrO Ka YKa BJIB pereHepaTa 6es CMa'IBBaBBJI MeCTa pesa BOAOi BJIB APyroii
CMaSKoi. MaKCBMaJIbBhID paSMep pa3pesaeMbIX RBD: mupBBa - 900, TOJI Ha -
710 Mr.!. HO)K, AeJIaIODQ!i 4 pe3a B 1 MBB, CMOBTBpOBaB Ba YCBJIeBBOi CT8BBHe 1;
OB MomeT pa60TaTb BJIB B aBTOMaTH'leCROM pemBMe, BJIB C p BbIM YDpaBJIeBBelor.
Pa60Toi OTAeJIbBbIX yaJIOB BO)l(a YDpaBJIJlIOT rBAPO JIBBAPbI. ruAPO JIBBAP 2
DpBBOADT B ABBmeBBe yoop 3, <}>BRCBpyIO Bii DOJIOmeBBe RBDhI, ROTOpaJl DOAaeTCR
no pOJIbraBry 4 TOJIKaTeJIeM. BepTBKaJIbBbIi rBAPO JIBBAP 5 DpBBOABT B ABB)I(e-
HBe BO)l( 6. MamBHa loromeT 6bITb DpBCnOc06JIeBa AJIR BKJIIO'IeBBR B BeDpepbIBByIO
JIBHBIO.
Hom MomBO OCBaCTBTb TaKme aBTOMaTH'leCKBM YCTPODCTBOM, DOSBOJIJlIO
sapaBee YCTaHaBJIBBaTb mar DOAa'lB B TeM caMbIM B3MeBJlTb BeJIB'lBBY OTpeSaeHJ.IX
KYCKOB KayqYKa B saBBCBMOCTB OT YCJIOBBi DpBrOTOBJIeBBR pesBBoBoi CMeCB B
TUDa 060PYAoBaBBJI DOArOTOBBTeJIbBOrO exa.
MBoroayqeBhle Boam. .IJ;JIJI UOBLImeBDJI DpOBSBOABTeJIbBOCTD rBAP8BJIH'le-
CKDX B&mei BCDOJIb3YIOT TaR BaSbIBaeMbIe HBOrOJI eBllle rOJIOBKH, B KOTOpl>lX
2*
19
pa,u;DaJIbHO paCDOJIOmeHHbIMD HomaMB 3, TOJIKaTeJIJI 5, rD,u;paBJID'IeCKOrO
DJIBHApa
,u;BoiHoro AeicTBDJI B DJIYBmepa 6, rD,u;paBJIH'leCKOrO DpDBo,u;a OT c,u;BoeHHoro JIODa-
CTHoro Hacoca 11, DMeIO
ero ,u;Be CTYDeHD - HD3Koro B BbICOKoro ,u;aBJIeHDJI -
C aBTOMaTH'leCKOii CDcTeMoii: YDpaBJIeHDJI. Pa60'lei mD,u;KOCTbIO CJIymBT MaCJIO,
KOTopoe HaXOADTCJI B pe3epByape 7 D OXJIam,u;aeTCJI BO,u;Oii: 'Iepe3 3MeeBBK 8.
RDDa Ka
yKa DO,u;aeTCJI DO pOJIbraHry DPD DO,u;HJlTOii: Dpe,u;OXpaHDTeJIbHOi
,u;Bep
e 9 B pa60'lee DpOCTpaHCTBO Mem,u;y TOJIKaTeJIeM 5 B rOJIOBKOi Homa 2. nOcJIe
3arpY3KD KDDbI BKJIIO'IaIOT rD,u;paBJIH'IeCKDi Hacoc 11, B ):(Bep
a, C6JIOKDpOBaBBaa
C oycKaTeJIeM :meKTpo,u;BDraTeJIJI 10, 3aKpbIBaeTCJI. nJIYHmep 6 II TOJIKaTeJIb 5
Depe,u;BDraIOT KDDY DO HaDpaBJIeHDIO K HOmeBOi rOJIOBKe, DpD aTOM AO MOMeHTa
CODpDKOCHOBeHDJI KDDbI C HomaMD (,u;o Ha'laJIa Dpo
ecca pe3aHDJI) pa60TaeT CTY-
neHb Hacoca HD3Koro ,u;aBJIeHDJI, KOTOpaJl pa3BDBaeT B CIICTeMe ,u;aBJIeHDe 2,5 Mna.
C MOMeHTa Ha'laJIa pe3aHDJI BKJIIO'IaeTCJI CTYDeHb BbICOKoro ,u;aBJIeHBH, D pe3aBlle
npOD3BOADTCJI DPB ,u;aBJIeHDD 6,5 Mna.
no OKOH'IaHDD pe3aBDJI TOJIKaTeJIb KOH
eBbIM DepeKJIIO'IaTeJIeM DepeKJIIO-
qaeTCJI Ha 06paTHbIi xo,u;, o,u;HOBpeMeHHO D rD,u;pOHacoc DepeKJIIO'IaeTCH Ba AaBJIe-
HDe 2,5 Mna. HomD YCTaHOBJIeHbI DO,u; He60JIbmDM yrJIOM K
eHTpy rOJIOBKD TaR,
'ITO KDDY Ha'lDHaeT pe3aTb Kpai Homa, a He Bce JIe3BDe cpa3Y, 6JIarOAapJl
eMY
DOBbImaeTCJI a<}><}>eKT pe3aHBH D yCDJIBe pe3aHDJI B03pacT8eT DOCTeDeHHO. RamAaH
DOCJIeAyIO
aJl DOAaBaeMaJl K Homy KDDa DpOTaJIKDBaeT KYCKD DpeAJ>IAY
ei KII0I4
Ha JreHTO'lBbIi TpaHcDopTep, r,u;e OHD ooy,u;pDBaIOTCJI TaJIbKOM. HBme DpDBeAeHa
-reXHD'IeCKaJl xapaKTepDcTDKa Homei 5291-1B D Hr-2:
I1pooSBOABTe.llhBOCTb, KUD/'1
.l{oaMeTp
.IIBB,qpa, MY
XOA D.IIYJDKepa, MY ....
CKOpOCTb DJlYB)I(epa, M/MHB
DPB DOAxoAe K KUDe . .
DPB pesaBDD .......
DPB 06paTBOM, XOJlOCTOM XOAe
Pa60'lee AaBneBBe B rOAPOCHCTeMe,
MIla
mSKoe . . . . . . . . .
BYCOKoe . . . . . . . . . . . .
MaKCBMaJibBoe YCRJIHe, cos,!{aBaeMoe
DJlYB)I(epOM, KH . . . . . . .
Hacoc
TBD . . . . . . . . . . . .
DpOHSBOAHTenbBOCTb, .II/MOB
BHSKoe AaBneBHe, MIla
BYCOKOe AaBneBHe, MIla . . . .
06'LeM Macna, sanHBaeMoro B 68K, JI
Bo,!{a AnR oxna*AemR Macna
TeMUepaTypa, 0 C . . . . . . . "
pacxo,!{, n/MHB . . . . . . . . .
3neKTpOABUraTeJlb DpHBoAa J10DaCTBYX
BaCOCOB
THD . . . . . . . . . . .
MOIIXBOCTb, KBT .....
'IaCTOTa BpmqeBHR, 06/MHB
ra6apHTHble paSMepy, MY
AnUBa .
mHpHBa
BYCOTa
Macca, T
5291-1B
25
230
660
1.2
4,9
1,65
680
. HIIM-50M
15-50
8
::::;;20
180
A02-72-6
22
1000
2900
1360
3310
5.01
Hr-2
::::;;45
460
1005
1,5
0,6
2,6
2,5
6.5
1000
1oor-12-15
100-150
6.5
25
700
20
25
AO-73-6
20
980
3890
1830
2255
10.345
XOTH ropB30HTaJIbHbIi ,u;ecJlTBJIY'leBoi Hom 11 paCC'IDTaB Ha peaaHDe Mopome-
Boro KaY'lYKa, DPD pa3pe3aHDD CDJIbHO 3aMopomeHHbIx KDD HomD 'IaCTO JIOMaIOTCJI.
noaToMY KaY'lYK peKoMeHAyeTcJI Dpe,u;BapBTeJIbHO pa30rpeBaTb. ,IJ;JIH DpeAoTBpa-
21
;-
}
eHDJI DOJIOMKD HOma DPB peSaHDD KBD JIe3BDJI DHOr,u;a 06eCDe'lDBaIOTCJI aJIeKTpO-
060rpeBOM o 250-300 °C. B MeCTe CODpBICOCHOBeHDJI C rOpJl'lBM JIeSBBeJd Ra yK
pa30rpeBaeTCJI, eKpDCTaJIJID3yeTcJI D CTaBOBDTCJI MJlf'le, BCJIeACTBBe 'Iero DpO-
ecc pesaHDH 06JIef'laeTcJI. B MamBBax 60JIee HOBbIX KOHCTPYK Di eBTp rOJIOBKD
JI eBbIX HomeD: youpaeTCJI B MeTaJIJIH'leCKDH ODOpHbID: CTepmeHb. \ :3TO Dpe ox pa-
HJleT JIe3BBJI OT DOJIOMKD DpB CJI aiHOM DODa,u;aHDD Ha Hom HepaCDapeHHoro-
KayqyKa.
no cpaBHeHDIO C BepTDKaJlbBbIM meCTDJIY'IeBhUr DomOM ODBcaDBbIi ro-
pB30HTaJIltllbIi Dom 60nee COBepmeHeH DO KOHCTPYKII;DB D 60JIee IIpOD3BO-
,u;DTeJIeH.
22
npB KOMDJIeKTOBaHDD HaBe-
COK D3 DpeABapDTeJIbHO Bape-
3aHHOrO HR AJIJI OTpe3aHDJI MeJI-
KDX ,u;OBeCKOB YDOTpe6JIJleTcJI O,u;-
HOJI eBOR HOm DHeBMaTD'IeCKOrO
,u;eii:cTBDJI 547-5 co CJIeAYIO mID
OCHOBHbIr.m TeXHD'IeCKUMB ,u;aH-
HbIMD:
18.10
l-
I
10.........
II pOHSBO UTeJIbBOCTb,
Kr /'1 i . . . . . . .
.l{JIURa pem eD: '1aCTB
Boma, MM . . . . .
XOA Boma, MY . . .
)J;aBJIeBHe BOSAyxa B
nBeBMOCDCTeMe,Mlla
PaCXOA BOSAyxa npH
AaBJIeHHU 0,55 Mlla,
M3/'1 . . . . . . .
ra6apHTBye paSMepy,
MM
AJIHBa
mnpusa
BYCOTa .
i\lacca, T . .
11
2150-3380
570
260
0,35-0.6
ot)
ot)
14
1310
1090
1498
0,78
)J;UCKOBhle BOH<ll. ,IJ;JIJI pas-
pe3aHDJI KDD CDHTeTH'leCKOrO Kay-
. qYI<a mDpoKoe DpBMeBeHDe DOJIY-
'IBJI 'IeTbIpex,u;BcKoBbIi Hom 548-6
KOHCTpyK DB BHHHPTMAIlla
(pDC. 1.10) B O,u;HOABCKOBbIi Hom
H,IJ;-500. HOiK 548-6 peKOMeH-
,u;yeTcJI Ha HO-BCCJIe,u;oBaTeJIb-
CKBM DHCTBTYTOM pe3DHoBoii
UpOMbIW;yeHBOCTB (HHHPn) AJIJI paape3aHDfl KDD KaY'lYROB BCR, CRH, CRA,
CRR, HaDpDTa, Hom H,IJ;-500 - ,u;JIJI paspe3aHlIJI MJlrKHX Ka YKOB (HR, CR) 11
pereHepaTa. RDme DpDBeAeHa TeXHH'leCKaJl xapaKTepDCTDKa ADCKOBbIX H.omeii:
548-6 D H,IJ;-500:
Pac. 1.9. rOpHSOBTaJIbBLIii AeCRTHJIyqeBoii Bom Hr-2
e rBApaBJIB1JeCKHM DpBBOAOM:
1 - TpaBepCa; 2 - ronOBKa C HO;f;aMII; 3 - HO;f;II; 4 - Ha-
DP88MIOJque; S - TOJlKaTeJJb; 6 - Dn}'H1Kep; 1 - peaep-
Byap .nll MaMa; 8 - 8MeeBBI\; 9 - DpeAOXpaBHTeJJbBBJI
nBep a; 10 - eneKTPO.Blin'aTenb; 11 - rllJlPouacoc; 12-
DOABOA ODlaJl(Jl;aJI)Jqe8 BO ; 13 - CJJBB MaMa.
5 8-6
H.n:-500
llPOUSBO,!UITeJIbHOCTh, T/1J
npll MeXaHH1JeCKOii notJ;a'le oplII\eTOB
npu PY'IHOD: nOAa'le 6pIfKeTOB . . .
,1J;uaMeTp AIICKOJlblX BOmeD:, MM . . . .
PaCCTORBHe Me/RAY HomaMH, MM . .
qacTOTa Bpam;eRUR AUCKOBoro Homa, 06/MDB
PaaMep sarpyaO'lHOrO OIma, 1M
umpuRa . . . . . . .
BblCOTa .......
3JIeKTpOABUraTeJIL npllBOAa
TOO . . . . . . .
MOm;HOCTb, KBT . .
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eBHR, o6/MnH
Tun peAYKTopa ,...
ra6apHTRble paSMepy, MM
AJIBBa .
mHpBBa
BYCOTa
Macca, T
35
14.5
750
150
4.05
1100
250
A02-61-4
13
1460
l\.l{H-50-1-50
2300
1820
1535
3,89
1
500
10
AO-42-4
2,8
1420
PH-25Q-ll
3320
1450
1500
1,3
Hom 548-6 I<OMDJIeKTyeTCJI 3arpY30'lHbIM D OT60pO'lBhIM TpaBCDopTepaMD.
npDH DD pa60TbI HmKa H,IJ;-500 3aKJIIO'IaeTCJI B CJIeAYIO eM. no pB<}>JIeBhIM BaJIKaM
23
DDTaIO
ero pOJIbraBra Ka
YK DOAaeTCJI K pem
eMY YCTpOiCTBY, KOTOpOe co-
CTODT BS ADCKOBOrO DOma 11 BaJIDKa. OTpe3aHHbIe KYCKB Ka
yKa no DpDeMHOMY
pOJIbraary DOCTYDaIOT Ha CTOJI. npDBO,ll; Homa BKJIIO'IaeT B ce6J1 3JIeKTpO)l.BBraTeJIb
B peAYKTOp.
J
r-
1
"')
<\)
'"
a
6
PBC. 1.10. 1J:8TYpe
CKOBLIii Bom 548-6:
a - BIIJI C
KY; 6 - BH.II cuep8AH; 1 - paMa; 2 - DOMOH; 3 - pul!meHIoIA DO.llaJODUdt BMHII; 4, 6 _
ponbrauru; 6 - .uCKoBloIe BOIKU; '1 - IIOIKYX; 8 - P8AyJ<TOP; 9 - eneKTpon:BuraTenb; 10 - KOIKyX
KnBBOpeareHBoA Dep8J{a'IU; 11 - Ban n:UCKOBIoIX BOIKeJt. .
,IJ;lIcKoBbIe BomD DpeACTaBJIJlIOT ODaCHOCTb AJIJI pa60TaIO
ero, n03TOMY AJIJI
DpeAoxpaBeDDH pa60'lero OT TpaBM Ka
YK DOABOADTCJI K )l.DCKy Homa C DOMO
bIO
CDe
aJIbBOi KapeTKII.
24
HSHeJlh'lllTeJIII KYCKOBhlX D JIHCTOBhlX M8TepH8JIOB. Cy ecTByeT pJlA BLIDYCKae-
MbIX 3a py6emoM MamDH, Ha KOTOpbIX KPYDHbIe KYCK:n Ka YKa DJID JIDCTbI pe3BHO-
Boii CMeCD pa3peSaIOTCJI Ha MeJIKD8 KyCO'lKB (TDDa rpaHYJI). TaK, <}>BpMa «MUTC
3HJJ; MeppDJI» (CillA) BbIUYCKaeT CDe DaJIbHbIi D3MeJIb'lUTeJIb (pBC. 1.11) JJ;BeHaA-
aTD TDDopa3MepOB, DpeAHa3Ha'leHHbIH AJIJI pe3KD BaTypaJIbHOrO D CDBTeTD'leCKOrO
KaY'lyKoB, C DpDBOAOM, SJIeKTpOJJ;BDraTeJIb KOToporo DMeeT MO HOCTb OT 18 AO
350 KBT, C 3arpY3Koii: C60KY BJID cBepxy D BbIrpY3Koi C60KY BJID CHD3Y. Ra yK
MomeT 6bITb pa3pe3aH Ha TaR OM D3MeJIh'lDTeJIe Ha KYCOQKD pa3MepOM AO 0,8 MM.
PeiKy ee YCTpoicTBO DpeACTaBJIJleT c060i MaCCDBHbIi pOTOp 4 C TpeMJI 3aKpeDJIeH-
HbIMD (DJIaBaIO DMD) B HeM HOiKaMD 2, Bpam;aIO DicH C 'IaCTOToii 1200 06/MDH
B KopDyce 3; DOJIOmeHDe Homei peryJIDpyeTcJI BBHTaMB 6. MeJIKDe KYCO'lKD Kay-
'1yKa DPODYAPDBaIOTCJI BO D36emaHBe CJIDDaHDJI D DPOXOAJlT 'Iepe3 OTBepCTDH
Pac. 1.11. HSMem.'lBTeJlb AJiR oaTYpaJlb-
iIloro . CBBTeTJllJ8CROrO RaY1JYRoB !)apMbl
«MUTC aHA MeppuJlt:
1 - aarpY30'IBaII BopOBKa; 2 - BOIf( pOTOpa;
3 - BepDlIIR 'l8CTb KOPDYca; 4 - pOTOp; 6-
lIeDOJlBlDtlmdI BOIf(; 6 - BBBT perynapOBKB DO-
,JJOlf(eHBII 1I01f(a; '1. - BIDtIBIIR '1aCTb Kopuyca;
-8 - pemeTKa; 9 - BIoIXOA KYCKOB Ka}"l}'Ka.
'B pemeTKe 8. npOD3BOJJ;DTeJIbHOCTb MamDBbI OKOJIO 1 T/'I DPB pa3Mepe KYCO'lKOB
RaY'lyKa 19 MM, MO HOCTb 9JIeKTpoJJ;BDI'aTeJIH upDBOJJ;a 18 KBT.
npDMeHJlIOTCJI TaKme MamDHbI aHaJIOrH'lHOi KOHCTPYK DD C DDTaIO DMD POJID-
iKaMD AJIJI DOJJ;a'lD JIDCTOBOro MaTepDaJIa D pOTOpOM DpeABapDTeJIbHOrO B3MeJIb'leBBJI.
1.5. 060PYAOBAHJltE Am:j XPAHEHJltFI JIt nOArOTOBKJIt Mflr4J1tTEnE
R 060pYAoBaHDIO, DpDMeHJleMoMy AJIJI xpaHeHDJI B DOAroToBKD MaTep:naJIOB,
«)THOCJlTCJI pa3JID'IHbIe COCYAbI, cHa6meHHbIe HarpeBaTeJIbHb1MD YCTpoicTBaMB,
C60PHDKD, YCTpoiicTBa AJIJI pa30rpeBa D <}>DJIbTpa DD, HaCOCbI. C60pBHKB AJIJI
xpaHeHDJI D DepeJJ;a'lD mDAKDx MJlr'lDTeJIei K pa60'lDM MeCTaM D3rOTaBJIDBaIOTCJI
,B:3 06bI'IHbIX cTaJIei BJID - B cJI ae xpaHeHDJI B HDX KBCJIbIX DpOAyKTOB - D3
CTaJID 1X18H9T. iKDJJ;KOCTb DepeJJ;aBJIDBaeTCJI D3 c60pHBKa cmaTbIM B03AyxOM
DOJJ; JJ;aBJIeHDeM JJ;O 0,4 Mna. C60pHDK cHa6meH MaHOMeTpOM D DpeAoxpaHDTeJI'bHbIM
:KJIaDaHOM. ECJID MJlr'lDTeJIb HymJJ;aeTCJI B DOJJ;orpeBe, B C60PHBK DOMe aIOT 3Mee-
BDK B3 HepmaBeIO ei CTaJID, 060rpeBaeMbIi DapOM. iKDJJ;KDe D JIerKODJIaBKDe
:MJlr'lDTeJID, DOCTYDaIO De B 60'lKaX, DOABepraIOTCJI pa30rpeBY B CUe DaJIbHbIX
aarpeBaTeJIbHbIX KaMepax D <}>DJIbTpa DD.
1.6. 060PYAOBAHHE ARFI npJltrOTOBREHHfI CYCnEH3J1tlit,
PACTBOPOB H RATEKCHbiX CMECE
B DPOD3BoJJ;cTBe pe3DBbI DpDMeHJlIOT pa3JID'IHbIe D30JIDpYIO De cycDeH-
3DD D pacTBopbI, DpODDTO'lHbIe COCTaBbI D JIaTeKCHbIe CMeCB. B Ka'leCTBe
D30JIDPYIO DX cocTaBoB, upeJJ;oxpaHJlIO DX pe3DHoBbIe CMeCB OT CJIDDaHDJI,
DCUOJIb3yIOTCJI DOBepxHocTHo-aKTDBHbIe Be eCTBa (nAB) - HeBBOJI, aJIKDJI-cYJIb-
25
aTbI MapKD A B «nporpecc». PacTBop nAB, DpeAHaSBa'leBHLIi AJIJI ODpbICKDBaHDJI
rpaHYJIJlpOBaHHbIX cMeceH, AOJImeB cOAepmaTb DeHoraCDTeJIb B BIIAe 3MYJIbCDIf
nOJlJIIMeTBJICBJIOKC8BOBOH mDAKOCTD nM-400. PacTBop nAB C 8MYJIbCDei MomHO
DpDfOTaBJIDBaTb B CMeCDTeJIe C MemaJIKOi JII060ro TBDa.
B Ka'leCTBe npODDTO'lHLIX COCTaBOB, DpDMeBfteMbIX ;D;JIft YBeJID'IeHDJI npo'l-
HOCTB C1Ift3D TKaHei C pesDHoii, BCDOJIb3YIOT came-JIaTeKCBbIe ADCDepCDD. TaRBe
ADcDepcHB DOMBMO JIaTeKCOB D camD cOAepmaT pe30p 0<}>opMaJIbAerB;D;HYIO
CMOJIY, KOTOpaJl YJI maeT a;D;re3DIO KOPAa K peSBBe, a TaKme aBTBKOarYJIJlHT'
(aMMDaK), DOBbImaIO Di cTa6DJIbHOCTb JIaTeKCHoi CMeCB.
npD DOJIY'IeHDD cycDeH3Di DOJILSYIOTCft pa3JIH'1BNMB MeJIbHD aMD AJIft MO-
Kporo nOJrlOJIa, rJIaBHbIM 06pa30M mapOBbIMD, BD6pa OBBLIMB D I\OJIJIODABbIMH.
mapoBhle MeJI..BIIIJ,.... ,IJ;JIJI MOKporo DOMOJIa npBMeBJUOTCft MeJIbHBD,LI C BBYT-
peHHeii <}>YTepOBKoii, DMeIO De repMeTDSDpOBaBBbIR JIIOK. MeJIbHD a DpeACTa-
BJIJleT c060i 6apa6aH, B KOTOpOM HaXOAJlTCJI CTaJIbHbIe mapbI; DPD Bpa eHDB
6apa6aHa 3TH mapbI D3MeJIb'laIOT MaTepBaJI. HaD mDM 06pa30JI-I DSMeJIb'leHDe
DpODCXOABT DPB 38rpymeHBH 6apa6aHa Ba OAHY TPeTb ero 06'beMa. nOMOJI DopomKO-
06pa3HbIX npOAYKTOB ocy eCTBJIfteTCJI B DpDCyTCTBHB ABCDepraTopOB (HeKaJIei).
B MeJIbBD e 06pasyeTcJI KOH eBTpDpOBaBHaft CYCDeD, 3Dft KOTOpyIO 3aTeM pa36a-
BJlJlIOT. B 3aBDCDMOCTD OT CBoiicTB MaTepBaJIa D Be06xoABMOii CTeDeHII ero D3MeJIL-
'IeDDJI DpOAOJImllTeJIbHOCTb DOMOJIa COCTaBJIfteT 01" 6 AO 48 'I.
HeAocTaTKaMII 3TDX MeJIbHD JlBJIJlIOTCft B OCHOBHOM BX HBSKaJl npODSBOAD-
TeJIbHOCTb B OTHOCBTeJILHaft rpy60cTb DOMOJIa.
Hume DpDBeAeHbI xapaKTepDcTDKD' mapOBLIX MeJIbBH 'IeTbIpeX MapOK, 8bIDY-
CKaeMbIX CJIaBJlHCKDM KepaMH'leCKBM KOM6DHaToM:
MRm-8 MRm-12 MRm-5O lIIIOJI-l o.
Bapa6aB
'1DcnO, mT. . . . . . . . . 2 2 2 2
BapY)l(BW AHaMeTp, MM . 275 365 480 580
'1aCTOTa Bp eBHR, 06/MJlB 67.5 61,0 44,7 44,7
eM1COCTb, J1 . . . . . 8 12 50 100
3J1eKTpO,!{BDraTeJ1b npHBo):\a AO-41-6
TOn . . . . . . . . . AO-41-6 AO-32-4 AO-32-4
MOJnBOCTb, KBT 1,0 1.0 1,0 1,0
1JaCTOTa Bpa BoR, o6/MDB 930 930 1410 1410
ra6apBTBYe pasMepli, MY 1455 1471 1571
AnBBa . . . . . . . . 1455
mupHBa . . . . . . . 620 620 480 580
BYCOTa . . . . . . . . 620 620 640 640
Macca (6es MeJ1IOJnBX Ten), T 0,350 0,363 0.375 0.417
3TB mapoBbIe MeJIbDD LI DpeABaSHa'leHbI AJIJI cyxoro B loloKporo nO)fO:Ia
(c BO;D;Oi) B DOMOJIa CJIa60arpecCDBHbIX MaTepBaJIOB. npB MOKpOM DOMOJIe MOI')'"
yooTpe6JIJlTLCft JII06LIe arpeCCBBHbIe mDAKOCTH JII060ii KOH eHTpa BH, 38 DCKJIJQ-
'IeHDeM DJIaBDKOBOi B <}>oc<}>opHoi KDCJIOT, a TaKme eJIo'lei KOH eHTpa Heii: Be,
BbIme 10% .
BB6pOMMbBD "'. 061>1'1HO BD6pOMeJIbHD a COCTODT B3 6apa6aHa C MeJIIO DMH
8JIeMeHT8MD, BaJIa ADC6aJIaHCa, yopyroi ODOpbI (BaDpDMep, y MeJILHBD,LI RMO-728
ODopa BLIDOJIHeHa BS 56 KJIaDaBBhIX DpymDH ABDraTeJIft 3HJI-150) B 3JIeKTpO;D;BD-
raTeJIJI. Bapa6aH 11 APyrae 'IaCTD MamDBhI, CODpDKacaIO DeCJI C DSMeJIL'IaeMLIM
MaTepBaJIOM, OTJIDBaIOT D3 CTaJIB, cOAepma ei 14% MapraH a (TaKaJl CTaJIb OTJIII-
'IaeTcft BbICOKOi D3HOCOYCTOi1!DBOCTLIO).
BbIDycKaIOTCft BD6pOMeJIbB bI nepDOAH'leCKOrO B HeDpepbIBHoro AeicTBDJI,
Dpe;D;HaSHa'lenHLIe ;D;JIft cyxoro B MOKporo nOMOJIa rJIaBHbIM 06pa30M TPYAHO pa3-
MaJIbIBaIO DXCJI MaTepDaJIOB. H3MeJIb'leBDe B 8TDX MeJIbHD aX npOIlCXOAHT BCJIeA-
CTBDe nepeTnpaHBft MaTepDaJIa mapaMB B pe3YJIbTaTe BH6pa nH, B03BBKaIO eii
npD Bpa eHHD BaJIa ADC6aJIaHca. HHTeHCDBDOCTb AP06JIeHBJI 1\f8TepDaJIa Me-
26
,JIIO DMD <lJleMeHTaMB B BD6pOMeJIbHD aX B HeCKOJIbKO pa3 60JIbme, 'IeM B 06bI'IBbIX
mapOBbIX MeJIbHD ax. ::ho 06'bJlCHJleTCJI TeM, 'ITO B AP06JIeHBD acTByIOT He TOJIbKO
MeJIIO Be aJIeMeBTbI, HO D Tp DeCJI APyr 0 J(pyra 'IaCT MaTepBaJIa. BJIaro-
AapH aTOMy AOCTDraeTCJI BbICOKaJl CTeneHb D3MeJIb'leHDJI MaTepDaJIa (AO 10-20 MIQ()
DPD DpOAOJImDTeJIbHOCTD KJIa Bcero 1-8 'I. HDme npDBeAeBa TeXHHt.leCRaR
xapaKTepDCTUKa BB6poMeJIbHD , BLlDycKaeMbIX B CCCP:
061.eM KopDyca, JI . . . . . . . . .
qacToTa KOJle6aBHD:, Moa- 1 . . . . .
AMnJlBTy a KOJIe6aRBii, MY . . . . . .
.l{uc6aJlaBCOBYD: MOMeBT Bu6paropa, H. M
OXJJa eBue BB6paropa ......
.l{oaMeTp MeJIJOm;HX TaJi AJ]:R MOKporo
DOMOJla, MY . . . . .
aJleKTpO lU'aTeJlb npBBOAa
TOn . . . . . . . . .
MOm;BOCTb, KBT . .
qacroTa Bp eBOR, 06/MRB
ra6apUTBye paSMepy, MY
AJIUBa . . . . . . . . .
mupnBa . . . . . . . .
BYCOTa ........
Macca (6es MeJIJOm;UX TaJl), T
00-128 HMo-700
200 400
1500 1000
3 4
14-17,5 3Oz6
BO JlBOe
10-18 25-30
.A02-61-4 A02-71-6
14 17
1450 970
1980 2135
980 895
1360 1800
0.700 1,855
KomrOBABye MM"BB hI. Ha 3aBoJ(ax pe3DHoBoii DpOMLImJIeHHOCTH KOJIJIODABhIe
MeJIbH LI npDMeHJlIOTCJI peme APyrDx D3-3a BX cpaBHDTeJIbBO BLiCOROii CTODMOCTU.
t:h06bI DOJI DTb cTa6BJIbHyIO HepaCCJIaDBaIO yIOcR cycDeB3DIO, MaTepDaJI npD-
XOADTCH DpoDycKaTb 'Iepe3 KOJIJIODAUYIO MeJIbH y BeCKOJIbRO pa3 DJID YCTaBa-
SJIDBaTh BeCKOJIbKO MeJIbHB . HDme DpBBOADTCJI xapaKTepDCTBRa KOJIJIOBABhIX
MeJIbB , DpDMeHHeMltlX Ha mDHHbIX 3aBoAax AJIJI DOJI eHDH cameBoi cycneB8HB:
IT pOIlSBOAHTeJIbBOCTb
DO CYCDeB3HH, JI/'1 ........
B DepeCqeTe Ba CYXOH OCTaTOK, KE/q
3J1eKTpOABlU'aTeJIb DpHBo a
MO OCTb, KBT .....
qaCTOTa Bpam;eBHII, 06/MOB
ra6apHTBye paSMepY, MY
AJ]:OBa .
mopHBa .
BYCOTa
. . . .
50-100
3-4
.. 7.5
. . 6000-12000
1300
835
950
Ro eHTpHpOBaHHbIe cycDeB3DD, nOJIY'laeMbIe Ha KOJIJIODABbIX MeJIbHD aX,
pa36aBJIJlIOT B BepTDKaJIbHbIX peaRTOpaX C MemaJIKaMB.
AnnapaThi C BBxpeBblM CJI0eM. 3TD anDapaTLI pa3pa60!faHLI D peKoMeHAyIOTCJI
AJIJI DBTeHcD<}>DKa DD Dpo eccoB DpDrOTOBJIeHDJI ADcDepcBii DBrpeADeHToB JIaTeKC-
HbIX cMecei, BHeCeHDJI HaDOJIHDTeJIei B JIaTeKChI B T. D. B pe3YJIbTaTe c03AaHDH
BDxpeBbIx nOTOKOB D AocTDmeHDJI 60JIbmBX CKopocTei 8Ha'lDTeJIbHO cOKpa aeTCJI
DpoJ(OJIffiBTeJIbHOCTb Dpo eccoB D3rOTOBJIeHBH ADcDepcu:ii D yJI maeTCJI DX Ka-
qeCTBO.
Y CTaBOBRB AJlJI Dplll'OTOBJIeBBJI cameBoR cycoeBsHB. TaKDe YCTaHoBKD DPD-
MeBJlIOTCJI Ha mDHHbIX 3aBoAax AJIH DpBrOTOBJIeHDJI came-JIaTeKCBhIX ABcDepcBii,
KOTOpLIMD DpoDDTbIBaIOT KOpJ(. Y CTaHOBKa COCTOBT D3 'IeTLIpeX ceK Bii, RamA8JI
D3 KOTOpbIX BKJIIO'IaeT KOJIJIODAHyIO MeJIbBD y, peaKTop C MemaJIKOi AJIH CMemeHBH
caam C BOAHbIM paCTBOpOM JIaTeKCa B peaKTop C MemaJIKOi AJIJI pa36aBJIeBHH
27
nonY'leBHoi CameBOH CYCDeH3BB AO 3aAaBHoii: KOH eHTpa D. rOTOBaH CameBaa
CYCDeH3DJI c06upaeTCJI B 6aKax, oTKy,u;a BaCOCOM ee DepeKa'lDBaIOT Ha yCTaHOBKY
AJIJI npDrOTOBneHDJI DpODBTO'lHHX COCTaBOB.
B DOCJIeAHee BpeMJI came-JIaTeKCBhIe ADcnepCDD AJIJI DponDTKD Kop,u;a 3aMeHJI-
IOTCJI 6eccameBHMD DpODUTO'lBhIMD COCTaBaMB Ha OCHOBe <}>eHOJIo<}>opMaJIbAerDAHbIX
CMOJI DJID 6e3BOAHbIMD a,u;re3DBaMB, BBOADMbIMB DpJlMO B pe3DHOBYIO CMeCb.
,l];JIJI DpBrOTOBneHDH cycneH3Bii, paCTBopOB B 9MYJIbCDi DpDMeHHIOT BepTDKanb-
Hble peaKTopbI D C60PHBKD pa3JIH'1HbIX pa3MepOB, aMaJIDpOBaHHbIe, C py6amKoi
;P;JIJI OXJIamAeHDH llJIB 060rpeBa DJID 6e3 Hee, C MemaJIKaMD DpODeJIJIepHOrO DJID
paMHoro TBDa, BbIDycKaeMHe B OCHOBHOM 3aBOAOM «l\paCHbIi OKTJl6pb» B r. «1>a-
CTOBe.
BbI60p MemaJIKD B Kam,u;OM OT,u;eJIbBOM CJI ae 3aBDCDT OT <}>D3B'IeCKDX CBOii:CTB
npo,u;YKTOB B Tpe6yeMoro BpeMeBD CMemeHBJI. OCHOBHbIM KpDTepDep,r, xapaKTepD3Y-
IO DM npOJJ;yKT, JlBJIJleTCH BH3KOCTb. BJl3KOCTb D BbI6paBBHi TDD MemaJIKD ODpe-
AeJIJlIOT rB,u;pOADBaMH'leCKDii pemDM B anDapaTe B paBHOMepHOCTb paCDpeAeJIeBBJ1
CMemDBaeMHX DPOAyKTOB APyr B APyre.
1.7. 060PYAOBAHHE Anfl nPHroToBnEHHfI KOMno3H'-'HA,
KnEEB, nACT H CMA30K
,l];JIH DOJIY'leHDH pe3DBOBI#x cMeceii mDpOKO DCDOJIb3yIOTCJI KOMD03HI\BB Ha
OCHOBe pa3JIH'lBNX MaTepDaJIOB. TIpBMeHJlIOT KOMD03 D, COCTaBJIeBBbIe D3
DopomKo06p'a3BHX B )KD,u;KDX DHrpeADeHTOB pe3DHOBbIX cMecei (HaDpBMep, YCKO-
pneJILBhIe KOMD03D DB), D KOMDOSII , DpBrOTOBJIeBBHe TOJIbKO D3 mDAKDX
npo,u;yKTOB. B pe3DHOBOM DpOB3BOACTBe DpDMeHJlIOTCJI TaKme pa3Ho06pa3HbIe KJIeD,
DaCTH B CMaSKD Ha 6eD3DBe llJID BOAHOi OCHOBe.
,l];JIJI DpBrOTOBJIeHIIJI cMecei DOJIbSyIOTCJI BepTBKaJILHbIMD peaKTopaMD C Me-
maJIKaMD, a TaKme CMeCDTeJIJlMB D KJIeeDpuroToBDTeJIbHHMH JrlamDHaMB, KOTopbIe
AeJIJlTCH Ba ropB30HTaJIbHbIe D BepTBKaJIbHhIe.
rOp030BTaIDtOl>le CMeCBTeJIB. B pe3DBOBoi DpOMbIWneHHOCTD AJIH DpDrOTORJle-
BDH rycTbIx KJIeeB (COOTHomeHDe Ra YKa B 6eHSDBa - OT 1 : 1 AO 1 : 8), DaCT B
aeKOTopbIX CMa30K mllpOKO DpmreHJlIOTCJI CMeCDTeJID CM. CMeCIITeJIb CM C pa6o-
'lei eMKOCTbIO KopbITa 400 JI DOKa3aH Ha pBC. 1.12. B COCYAe Kop06'1aTOrO Ti'lD8
pa3Me eHH ,u;Ba ropDSOHTaJIbHO pacnOJIOmeHBbIX Z-06pasHbIx pOTopa 3, Bpa a-
IO lIeCJI BaBCTpe'lY ;p;pyr ;p;pyry C pa3nB'IHOi CKOpOCTbIO, 6JIaro,u;apJl 'IeMY yJl -
maeTCH paCTBpaHBe B DepeMemBBaHDe 06pa6aT1>1BaeMHX DPOAyKTOB, a CJIeAOBa-
TenbHO, B OJJ;BOpOAHOCTb Don aeMoi CMeCD. qacToTa Bpa eHBJI DepeAHero pOTopa
paBHa 19, a 3aAHero - 35 06/MDB. POTOpbI DpBBO,u;JlTCH B ,u;BDmeHlle OT 9JIeKTpo-
,u;BBraTeJIJI 8 'Iepe3 peAYKTop 7. B 3aBDCDMOCTD OT xapaKTepa DpBrOTaBJIBBaeMOi
CMeCD B py6amKY 5 Do,u;aeTCJI BOAa AJIJI OXJIa;KAeHDJI (HaDpBMep, DPD nOJIyqeHDD
pe3DHoBoro KJIeH) BJIIt Dap AJIJI DOAorpeBa. OxnamAaIO aJl Bo,u;a DJIB KOHAeHcaT
OTBO,u;DTCJI 'Iepe3 Tpy6y 9. ,l];nH BHrpY3KD rOTOBoi CMeCB KOpbITO ODpoKDAbIBaeTCft
DPD DOMO D BIIHTOBoro ODpOKBAbIBaIO ero MexaBD3Ma 1, KOTOpbIB: DpDBOADTCJI
B ,u;BDmeHDe OT DH;P;DBDAyaJIbBOrO SJIeKTpOABBraTeJIH. ROPDYC B KpbImK8
AenaIOTCJI 113 CTaJIB X18H10T BJID 1OXCH,l];, pOTOpbI - D3 CTaJIB X18H10T,
X18H4T4JI HJlD 45JI.
CMecDTenD CM BMeIOT PJlA HeAOCTaTKOB - TPYAHOCTb MexaHDsa D B 8BTOMa-
TB3a DD DpOTeKaIO ero B HDX Dpo ecca, BeCOBepmeHCTBO BbIrpY3KD KJIeJl, pery-
JIBpOBaHDJI 'IaCTOTbI Bpa eHDJI pOTOpOB, TPYAHOCTb pa60TbI C DHepTHbIM raaOM B
T. A. noaToMY OHB CHJlTbI C DpOD3Bo,u;CTBa B 3aMeHJlIOTCJI KJIeenpBrOTOBDTeJIbHbIloID
MamDHaMB 60JIee cOBepmeHHoi KOHCTpyK BD - THDa CPR, OTBe'laIO DMD Tpe60-
BaHDJlM rOCT 16013-70. OAHaKo Ha DpaKTDKe CMeCBTenD CM Bce e e mDpOKO
DpJlMeHJlIOTCJI. noaTolory B Ta6n. 1.1 npBBOABTCJI TeXHH'leCKaJl xapaKTepDCTDK8
CMeCDTenei 060DX TDDOB.
28
1
3
Poco 1.12. rOpBSOBTaJIldIWt lliyrePOB8.IIBLIi CM8CBTeJlb eM-
KOCTblO 400 J1:
1 - BHBTOBOA ODpoKBJIlolBlUOlltRA MeXaBBaM; S - KploIwKa; 3 - Z-o(ipaa-
IIYA POTOP; 4 - KOpIolTO; 6 - py(iamKa; 6 - IIJI1f<BllII BTym<a; '1 - pe-
.!Iyt(TOP; 8 - aneKTPO.!lBlu'aTeJIb DpBBo.a cMecBTenll; 9 - TPy(ia .!1M QT-
BO.!la BO)lIol unu KOH.!IeBCaTa.
Ta6AUija 1.1. TeXBB'IeCKaR X8paBTepBCTIIB8 ropOSOBTaaJ.ShlX CII8CHTeJlei
CM-tO n/n CM-25 n/n CM-50n/O;
CMY-50 ntn
EMKOCTb KOpYTa, JI
nOJISaR . . . . 14 35 75
pa60'laR . . . 10 25 50
Pa60'lee
aBJIeRHe, Mna
B ROpliiTe . . . . 0,2 0,17 0.17
B py6aulKe . 0,7 0,7 0.7
"laCTO'1'a BpanxesBII pOTOpa, o6/MBB
lIepeARero . . . . . 42/64,2 46 42
aa,qHero . . . . . 24,7/37,8 30.7 28
Y rOJI onpOK
BaSBR Kopnyca,
rpaAYcy . . . . . . UO 110 105
{)CSOBHOB npBBo
8JIeKTpOABHraTeJIb
TBD . AOn-32-6/4 BAO-31-4 BAO-2-41-4C112
MOJIVIOCTb, KBT 1,t/1,6 2,2 4
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eHHR, o6/MBB 1000/1500 1430 1470
peAYKTOP
2,2 B r 2.2 4
Tun . . MPA-n-lOO Mn02-10CII- . 4 8,6 MP.l{-T B
nepeAaTo'IBoe '1DCJIO . 2,2 : 100 2,2 ; 48,6 4: 63
:3JIeKTpOABDraTeJIb npuBoAa
Mexa-
8HSMa oupOKBAYBaBBR
Tun . . . . . - - BAO-1t-4-C112
MOIqROCTb, KBT . . . - - 0,6
'IaCTOTa Bp
eHuR, 06/MHR . - - 1450
ra6apUTJlHe pasMepY, MM
AJIURa . . . . . 916 1200 1415
mapHRa . . . 618 100 1160
BYCOTa . . . 868 190 1130
Macca, T . . . . . . . 0,401 0.724 ,1,258
· B BaCTOIIJqee speD SWYCKaJOTCa ....e CIIeclJ'l'eJJB CPR-200. CPK-UO 'B CPR-630.
30
ClI-i-tOO U/UM Clor-200 U/UM CM- OO U/UM CM-800 U/UM CPR-800.
135 300 600 1100 1100
100 200 400 800 800
0,1 0,1 0,1 0.1 0.1
0,7 07 0,7 0,7 0,7
32 30 32 24,5 30,6/15,3
17.5 15.8 17,5 12,7 30.6/15,8
110 110 110 110 90
.
BAO-52-6 KOM-32-6 KO-22-4 KO-42-6 BAO-72-4; BAO-92-&
7,5 14,5 20 40 30 II 55
970 950 1475 980 i 1500/750
"'
:
Cne aJlbHyji .l{H-35 OH-55 PH-730-n-4 -
.20,2 30.7 46,2 40,17 -
KOM-22-6-$2 KOM-22-6-ClI2 KOM-31-6-$2 KOM-52-6 rBApaBJlOQecK8R B8COCBaa
CTaB RSI BAr-48-224
1,1 1.7 2,8 4.5 -
930 930 938 950 -
2430 3255 3765 3825 4950
1380 1330 1900 1770 2050
1960 1850 2100 2025 2050
2.145 2,522 6,140 12.263 12,310
31
CMeCBTeJID CPR BMeIOT CB3pBbIe pOTOpbI ycoBepmeBcTBoBaBBoii KOB<}>urypa-
BD, 06ecne'lBBaIO
ei BBTeBCBBBoe DepeMemBBaBBe KOMDOBeBTOB. POTOpbI Bpa
a-
IOTCJI B DOAmBnBBKax Ka'leBBJI, aam
eBBbIX OT nODaAaBHJI B BBX lofaTepB3JIa
YDJIOTBeBDJlMB Ba TeDJIOCTOiiKoro MaTepBaJIa. npeAycMoTpeBa BoaMomBOCTb aBTO-
MaTB'IeCKOrO AoaDpOBaBBJI 6eBaBBa npB DOMO
B Cne
aJIbBOrO AoaBpOBO'lBOrO
Bacoca. ROBCTPYK
DJI KpbImKB CMeCBTeJIJI DOaBOJIJleT DpOBaBOABTb MeXaBH'lecKYIO
nOAa'lY DopomKOBbIX MaTepBaJIOB. PaarpyaKa OC
eCTBJIJleTCJI 6ea onpOKBAbIBa-
BBJI pa60'leii KaMepbI DpU
DOMO
B CDe
BaJIbBOrO rDApaB-
7 JIH'leCKOrO YCTpoicTBa Dopm-
BeBOrO TBna; OBa MomeT DpO-
BSBOABTbCJI B OTKpbITyIO eM-
KOCTb BJIB 'Iepea Bacoc AJIJI
nOAa'IB KJIeJl no Tpy60npo-
BOAaM.
Y CMeCHTeJIJI BMeeTCJI yc-
TpoiicTBO AJIJI perYJIBpOBaBBJI
6 TeMDepaTYPbI B KaMepe. nOA'b-
eM KpbImKB B BaKJIOH pa60'lei
KaMepbI AJIJI 'IBCTKB B peMoBTa
5 oC
eCTBJIJlIOTCJI DPB DOMO
U
rBAPoycTPoiicTB.
B CMeCBTeJIJlX CPR MomBO
.
BeDocpeACTBeBBO nOJI
aTb
mBAKue KJIeB, B TO BpeMJI
KaK B CMeCBTeJIJlX CM npBro-.
TaBJIBBaIOT TOJIbKO rycToii
KJIeii, KOTOpbIii aaTeM BbIrpy-
maIOT B paa6aBJIJlIOT. OABaKo
CMeCBTeJIb CPR-800 (06'beM
J CMeCBTeJIbBOii KaMepLl 800 JI)
Be DpeABaaBa'leB AJIJI DPB-
rOTOBJIeBDJI KJIeJl B cpeAe
BBepTHOrO raaa, KaK STO Tpe-
eoTpo6elKBoro AeBCTBBJI AXR upu- 6YeTCJI DO rOCT 16013-70.
RpoMe Toro, OB BMeeT aBa'lB-
TeJIbHbIe ra6apBTbI.
BepTHKaJIbaWe CMecHTeJIH.
B r,Il,p BbIDYCKaIOTCJI BepTH-
KaJIbBbIe MamBHbI
eBTp06em-
Boro AeiicTBBJI AJIJI DpBrOTOB-
JIeHBJI iRDAKOrO KJIeJl (pBC. 1.13). 3TB MamDBbI BMeIOT BBmBBii CJIBB 13, MoryT
pa60TaTb 6ea AaBJIeBBJI B DOA AaBJIeBDeM, 'ITO DOaBOJIJleT DepeAaBJIBBaTb KJIeii
BBepTm.IM raaOM. ROPDYC 5 MamBRbI cBa6meB py6amKoii 6, paCC'IBTaBBoii Ba
DOAa'lY BarpeBaIO
ero Dapa BJIB OXJIamAaIO
eii BOAbI nOA AaBJIeHBeM 0,15 Mna.
nepeMemBBaIO
ee yCTpoiicTBO 12 BbIDOJIBeBO B BBAe KOByca, Bpa
aIO
erOCJI
B aaBBCBMOCTB OT TBDopaaMepa MamBHbI C paSJIB'IBOii CKOpOCTbIO ('IaCTOTa Bpame-
HBJI OT 40 AO 355 06/MBB).
npB DOMO
B Kop06KD CKopocTeii 3 MomBO yCTaBaBJIBBaTL TPB CKOpOCTB.
CHapymH KOByca 12 BaXOAJlTCJI nOAaIO
De 11 B BbITaJIKBBaIO
Be 10 BomD, KOTO-
pbIe Bpa
aIOTCJl aa C'IeT BJlaKOCTB 06pa6aTbIBaeMoro MaTepBaJIa (cBoero npBBOAa
Be BMeIOT); CKOpOCTb BX perYJIBpyeTcJI py'lBbIM JIeBTO'lBbIM TopMoaOM 7. HomB
10 B 11 O'l
aIOT BaJIDnaIO
Bii Ba KOBYC MaTepBaJI B cDoc06cTBYIOT ero DepeMemB-
BaHBIO. B CMeCBTeJIe OTCYTCTBYIOT MepTBbIe aOBbI.
10
7T
1
POCo 1.13. MallDlBa
I'OTOBJIeBJtJl KJIeR:
1 - MellTJ)oJlBHl'aTeJlb; 2 - P'YllolITlla BIIJlIO'IeHIUI M'YtjrrIoI c
eD-
JleBBII; 3 - P
YKTOP; 4 - PYKolITlla DepellnIO'IeHHII CKOPOCTeA;
S - KOPUYC pa
'1eA lIaMeploI; 6 - py6amKa; '1 - PYKolITKa neR-
TO'lBOro TOpM08a; ,- KploIIIIKa; 9 - repMOM8TP; 10 - BIoITMIIH-
B8\OlqRe B01KB; 11 - DOJJ;8IOIqRe Bomo; 12 - nepeMemHB8IOII\ee 'YC-
TPOACTBO; 13 - cnBBBoe 'YCTpOACTBO.
i2
B MamDHaX eMKOCTbIO 160, 630 B 2500 JI aa 24 'I 06pa6aTbIBaeTcJI OT 6 AO 8
sarpyaoK MaTepBaJIa.
Hllme npBBOABTCJI TeXHH'leCKaJl XapaKTepBCTJilKa KJIeeMemaJIOK eBTp06em-
Boro TUDa, BbIDycKaeMbIX B r,Il,p:
Tun MamUBY MK-25 MKY-160 MKY-630 MKY-2500
EMKOCTb, JI
o6 aJl . . 34 200 1000 2925
nOJIeSBaR . . . . . 25 160 630 2500
Mo oCTb DpBBOAa, KBT 4,4 8 22 45
tfacTOTa Bpam,eBBR CMe-
mUBalOm;ero BBCTPY-
MeHTa, o6/MBB . . . . 125; 250; 50; 80; 112 40; 56; 80 40; 56; 71
355
nOBepXBOCTb oxnaJi( e-
BHR nJIB Barpeoa, M2 0,33 1,40 4.20 6,25
ra6apHTBye paSMepy, MY 2200 2650
AJIDBa 980 1310
mBpBBa 530 850 1750 2150
BYCOTa 1030 1710 2200 2940
Macca, T 0.260 1,200 3,100 4,890
,{
S aaRa8 113
r JlABA 2
PE3HH005P A5A TbIBAtOUJ.HE LfEPBRLfHblE MAWHHbl
2.1. HA3HA4EHHE H KnACCHQJHKAl,tHfi 4EPBfl4HbiX MAWHH
B DpoBaBoAcTBe peaHBoBbIx BaAeJIBii aHa'lBTeJIbHOe MeCTO aaBBMaeT mDpB eBa-
BBe, B Dpo ecce KOToporo Ka YKY BJIB peaBBoBoii CMeCB co06 aIOTcJI Be06xoAB-
MbIe cBoiicTBa B DpBAaeTcJI aaAaBBaJl <}>opMa DyTeM DpOAaBJIBBaBBJI 06pa6aTbIBae-
Moro MaTepBaJIa 'Iepea oTBepcTBe ODpeAeJIeBBOii KOB<}>Brypa B. 3TDM cDoco60M
DOJI aIOT DOJIy<}>a6pBKaTbI B BaAeJIBJI paaJIB'lBOrO DPO<}>BJIJI.
npo ecc mDpB eBaBBJI oC eCTBJIJleTCJI B 'IepBJI'Im.IX MamDBax, COCTOJl X
B8 JIDBApa, B KOTOpOM Bpam;aeTCJI 'IepBJlK, BbIAaBJIBBaIO Bii CMeCI> 'Iepea DpO-
<}>BJII>BOe oTBepcTBe rOJIOBKB (MYBAmTYKa). qepBJI'IHbIe MamDHLI JlBJIJlIOTCJI MamB-
BaMB BeDpepbIBBoro AeiicTBBJI. OHB mnpoKo DpBMeBJlIOTCJI BO Bcex OTpaCJIJlX peaB-
BOBOii npOMbImJIeBBOCTB AJIJI DJIaCTBKa BB Ka yKoB, DpoBaBoAcTBa sarOTOBOK
DpoTeKTopoB;s KaMep B 060ABbIx JIeBT, AJIJI 06peaDBBBaBDJI DpOBOJIOKB, BarOTOBJIe-
DJI Be<}>opMoBbIX BaAeJIBii mnpoKoii BOMeBKJIaTYpbI - TPy60K, mHypoB, uJIacTDB.
pyKaBBbIx BaAeJIBi B T. D. qepBJI1IBbIe MamBHbI MorYT pa60TaTI> OTAeJIbBO B B arpe-
raTax C APyrBMB MamBBaMB, 06paaYJl DOTO'lBbIe JIBBBH. KpOMe Toro, 'IepBJI'IBNe
MamBBbI C YCDexoM BCDOJIbayIOTcJI AJIJI <}>BJIbTpa B - O'lBCTKH peaDBoBbIx cMecei
B pereBepaTa OT BHOpOABbIX TBepAbIx BKJIIO'IeBBii, sarpJlaBJlIO BX STH MaTepBaJIbI.
B DOCJIeABBe rOAbI 'IepBJI1IBbIe MamBHbI CTaJIB BCDOJIbaOBaTbCJI TaKme AJIJI rpaBY-
JIJI BB Ka yKOB B peaBBOBbIx cMecei, AeByJIKaBBaa peaBBbI B DpBrOTOBJIeBBJI
peSBHOBhIX cMeceii BeDpepbIBBbIM cDoc060lor. B KOM6BBa B C BaJIKOBOi rOJIOBKOi
'IepBJI1IBNe MamBBbI DpBMeBJlIOTCJI AJIJI JIBCTOBaBBJI B DpO<}>BJIBpOBaBBJI pe-
SDBbI .
OC06bIii DBTepec DpeACTaBJIJlIOT TaR BaabIBaeMbIe 'IepBJI'IBbIe MamBBbI XO-
JIOABOrO nBTaBBJI, KOTopbIe DOaBOJIJlIOT DOJIBOCTbIO BCKJIIO'IBTb Be06xOAUMOCTb
DOAorpeBaTeJIbHbIX BaJIb OB. npBMeHeBBe TaKBX MamDH DepCDeKTBBBO B DpO-
DaBOACTBe aBTOM06BJIbm.IX mDH, peaBBOBbIX TeXBH'IeCKBX BaAeJIBii, peaDBOBoii
06YOB B T. n.
TaKBM 06paaOM, 'IepBJI1IHbIe MamBBLI JlBJIJlIOTCJI YBBBepCaJIbBbIMB, BbICOKO-
s<}><}>eKTBBBbIMB B BCDOJIbayIOTCJI Ba paaJIB'lBbIX aCTKax peSDBOBoro DpOBaBO -
CTBa. B HaCTOJl ee BpeMJI MOm;BbIe 'IepBJI'IBbIe MamBBbI CTaBOBJlTCJI OABUM Da OCBOB-
m.IX BHAOB 060PYAOBaBDJI peaBBOBoi DpOMbImJIeBBOCTB.
qepBJI'IBbIe MamBBbI OTJIB'IaIOTCJI APyr OT APyra DO KOBCTpyK BB D BaaHa-
'IeBBIO.
OCHOBBbIMB DapaMeTpaMH, xapaKTepBayIO BMB KOBCTpyK BIO 'IepBJI'IBOii
MamDBbI, JlBJIJlIOTCJI ABaMeTp 'IepBJlKa, OTBomeBBe pa60'lei AJIDBbI 'IepBJlKa K ero
AHaMeTpy, CTeDeBb CmaTBJI Depepa6aTbIBaeMoro MaTepBaJIa (OTBomeBHe MemBBT-
KOBoro 06'beMa O)J;Boro mara B aOBe aarpyaKB K COOTBeTCTByIO eMy 06'beMY B KOH e
'IepBJlKa) B 'IaCTOTa Bpa eBHJI 'IepBJlKa (06/MDB). KpOMe Toro, 'IepBJI1IBbIe MamBHbI
paaJIB'IaroTCJI DO 'IBCJIY 'IepBJlKOB, TBDY DpBBOAa, CDoc06BOCTB nepepa6aTbIBaTb
paaorpeTYIO BJIB XOJIOAByIO peaBBOBYIO CMeCb, BaJIH'lBIO BaKYYM-OTcoca B T. A.
B peSDBOBoii DpOMbImJIeBBOCTB 'IepBJI'IHbIe MaDlBBLI BaB60JIee 'IaCTO KJIaCCB-
<}>B PYIOT DO POAY BbIDOJIBJleMbIX BMB ODepa Bii. nO STOMY DpBaBaKY Bce 'IepBJI'I-
m.Ie M8mBBbI DOApaaAeJIJlIOTCJI Ba:
34
DpO<}>BJIBPYIO De (mDp -MaIDBBbI), DpeAHaaBa'leBBbIe AJIJI BbIDYCKa DOJIY-
<}>a6pBKaTOB paaJIB'IBOrO DpO<}>BJIJI - DpOTeKTOpOB aBTOM06BJIbBbIX DmB, TPy60K,
mHypOB, DJIaCTDB B T. n.;
06KJIaAO'lBbIe, DpBMeBJIeMbIe AJIJI 06peaHBBBaBBJI Ka6eJIJI B pyKaBOB;
HJIbTpyIO Be (cTpeiiBepbI), BCDOJILsyeMbIe AJIJI O'lBCTKB peaDBOBbIX cMeceii
B pereHepaTa OT DOCTOpOBBBX BKJIIO'IeBu:i;
DJIaCTB BPyIO e, BJIB DJIaCTBKaTopbI, DpeABaaBa'leBHbIe AJIJI DJIaCTBKa DB
KaY'IyKa B BbIAa'lB ero B BBAe rpaBYJI BJIB JIeBTbI;
rpaHYJIBpYIO Be, BJIB rpaHYJIJlTOpbI, DpBMeBJleMbIe AJIJI BaMeJIb'leBBJI (rpa-
aYJIDpOBaHHJI) Ka yKOB B peaDBOBbIX cMepei;
KOM6DHBpOBaBBbIe, cBa6meBBbIe )J;BYMJI BJIB BeCKOJIbKBMB roJIOBKaMD (<}>BJIb-
TPYIOm;eii, rpaBYJIBpYIOm;ei B JIBCTOBaJIbBOii B JII060M CO'leTaBHB);
CMeCBTeJIbBbIe, BJIB CMeCBTeJIB, DpeAHaaHa'leBBbIe AJIJI DpBrOTOBJIeHBJI peaB-
HOBhIX cMeceii BeDpepbIBBbIM CDoc060M (CM. rJI. 4).
B peaDBoBoii DpOMbIIDJIeBBOCTB BaB60JIbmee pacnpOCTpaBeBBe DOJI BJID
OAHO'lepBJI'IHbIe MamBBbI. COrJIaCBO peKoMeHAa BB caB AJIJI MamDB DO Depe-
pa60TKe peaDHOBbIX cMeceii YCTaBOBJIeB CJIeAYIO Bii PJlA, B OCBOBY KOToporo
nOJIOiKeBO OTBomeBBe AJIDBbI pa60'lei 'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa L K ero ABaMeTpy D: LID =
= 5; 8; 10; 12.
PeKoMeHAyeTCJI TaKme CJIeAYIO Hi pJlA ABaMeTpOB 'IepBJlKOB (B MM): 20; 25;
32; 45; 63; 90; 125; 160; 200; 250; 320; 400.
TDDbI B paaMepbI OABO'lepBJI'IBbIX MamDB, BarOTaBJIBBaeMbIX B CCCP, ODpe-
AeJIeHbI rOCT 11441-70. aTBM rOCT DpeAYCMaTpBBaeTCJI BbIDyCK 'IepBJI1IBbIX
MamDH TeDJIOBOrO DBTaBBJI 6ea BaKYYM-OTcoca (MqT) B C BaKYYM-OTCOCOM (MqTB),
a TaKme XOJIOAHOrO nBTaHBJI 6ea BaKYYM-OTcoca (MqX) B C BaKYYM-OTCOCOM
(MQXB). HaDpBlo{ep, OAHO'lepBJI'IBaJl MaDmHa XOJIOAHOrO DBTaBBJI 6ea BaKYYM-
OTcoca C 'IepBJlKOM ABaMeTpOM 160 MM 060aBa'laeTCJI CJIeAYIOm;BM 06paaoM: MamDBa
MQX-160 rOCT 11441-70.
2.2. 06L11,EE YCTPOACTBO H PA60TA
4EPBfl4HblX MAWHH
YCTpoiiCTBO 'IepBJI'IBbIX MamaH paccMoTpBM Ba DpDMepe MamBBbI MqT-400
aaBoAa «BOJIbmeBBK» (r. RBeB), DpeAHaaBa'leBBOii AJIJI BbIDycKa aBToKaMep
(pHC. 2.1). Ha <}>YHAaMeBTBoii DJIBTe 1 YCTaBOBJIeBa CTaBDHa 2 C YKpeDJIeBBbIM
aa Heii BJIHBAPOM 7, B KOTOpbIii 3aDpeCCOBaBa Py6amKa 8 AJIJI 060rpeBa MamDBbI
napOlo{ BJIB OXJIam)J;eBBJI ee BOAOii. BByTpB BJIBBApa aaDpeCCOBaBa TaKme CMeB-
BaJl rDJIb3a 9 fia JIerBpOBaBBoii CTaJIB. C Top a K BJIBBAPY DpBcoeADBeB Ba 60JI-
Tax nepeXOABbIii <}>JIaBe 5, K KOTOPOMY DpBCOeABBJleTCJI rOJIOBKa 4. qepBJlK 6
YCTaHOBJIeB Ba POJIBKODOAmBDBBKax 13 B 18. nepBbIii JlBJIJleTCJI YDOPHbIM B BOC-
DplfHBMaeT oceBbIe yCBJIBJI, BoaHBKaIO Be DPB pa60Te MaIDBHbI. qepBJlK BMeeT
nOJIOCTb, K KOTOpoii DOABOADTCJI BOAa AJIJI OXJIamAeBBJI. rOJIOBKa 4 ManmBbI TaKme
IIMeeT DOJIOCTB AJIJI TeDJIOBOCBTeJIJI. npDBOA 'IepBJlKa ocy eCTBJIJleTCJI OT 3JIeKTpO-
)J;BDraTe.lIJI DOCTOJlBHOrO TOKa 'Ie pea MY<}>TY B peAYKTop 15 C ay6'1aTbIMD KOJIeCaMB
16. TBXOXOABbIii BaJI 17 peAyKTopa DOJIbIii, B B BeM Ba mDOBKe aaKpeDJIeBa XBOCTO-
BaJl 'IaCTb 14 'IepBJlKa. PeaDBOBaJl CMeCb DOAaeTCJI B MamDBY 'Iepea aarpyao'lByIO
BOPOHKY 12.
Cym;HOCTb Dpo ecca mnpD eBaHBJI SaKJIIO'IaeTCJI B CJIeAYIO eM. qepBJlK
(CM. pBC. 2.1) co06 aeT DOAOrpeToii BJIB XOJIOABOi peaDBoBoii CMeCB, DOCTyDa-
(()II!,eii B .lIDBAP lIepea aarpyaOllBYIO BOPOBKY, DOCTYDaTeJIbBOe ABBiI<eHHe BAOJIb
OCII BJIBBAPa B BbIAaBJIBBaeT ee 'Iepea DpO<}>BJIBPYIO ee BLIXOAHoe OTBepCTBe
rOJIOBKB. BCJIeACTBBe TpeBBJI MemAY peaBHoBoii CMeCbIO B nOBepXHOCTJlMB 'IepBJlRa
11 D;llJIBHApa 06pa6aTbIBaeMbIii MaTepBaJI DOABepraeTCJI DOCTOJlBHO MeHJlIODJ;BMCJI
e<}>opMa D1JM CmaTBJI B CABBra, DpOBCXOABT OTBOCBTeJIbHOe DepeMem;eHDe OT)J;eJIbHbIX
.
6 7 8 9 10
11
13
13
1
15
16
17
18
"
c::.
<»
<t)
....
n - n-
Il I'
II ,I
" 0 '1
II J I
-fl
I'
-rr
II
II
Jl
."90
51'+0
Puc. 2.1. CxeMa '1epBR'lBOD MalllBBY M1J:T-400 Ailll OpOBSBoAcTBa aBTOKaMep:
1 - <liYlIJ1aareHTHall nJIHTa; Z - cTaHUBa; 3 - ODopRall KapeTKa ronoBKu M8IJIIIIIIoI; 4 - rOJtOBKa MamulIIoI; $ - DepeXO,[lBOA clinauelt 1\lInIfRapa;
6 - '1epDIIK; '1 - ltIIJIHHJlP; 8 - py6awKa ltIIJIHBJIpa; 9 - CareHBalll'llJJl>3a; 10 - BellTWJU; 11 - pacupeJlenBTeJlbRall KOpO()Ka; lZ - aarpyao'llfall
BOIJOHKa; 13 - ynoplllolA nOJlDIHDHBK; 14 - XBOCTOBall '1aCTb '1epBIIKa; 1$ - peJIyJ<TOp; 16 .- ayO'l8T101e Koneca pe.tlYKTopa; 1'1 - nonLlA Ban;
18 - paJlOanbllLlit nOJlWUnHBK; 19 - MY«ln'a; zo - aneKTPOJlBBraTeJlb.
CMemBbIX Y'IaCTKOB CMeCB, BOSBDKaIOT aaBBXpeBBJI B 06paTHble DOTOKB.
B peSYJIbTaTe peaBHOBaJl CMeCb paaOrpeBaeTCJI B DO Mepe DpOABHmeBBJI K rOJIOBKe
CTaBOBBTCJI DJIaCTB'IBOii, YDJIOTBJleTCJI B rOMOreBBaHpyeTCJI. CTeDeHb p8aOrpeBa
CMeCB B AaBJIeHBe aaBBCJlT OT AJIBBbl 'IepBJlKa B COaAaBaeMOi BM CTeneHB CJt\aTJlJI.
npB CBJIbHOM BarpeBe CMeCB BOaMOmHa DpemAeBpeMeHHaJl BYJTKaHBaa HfI. ,IJ;JIJI
TOrO 'IT06bI 3TOrO Ba6emaTb, 'IepBflK B BJIHBAP M8DlBHbI OXJIamAaIOTCJI BO)J;oii.
B rOJIOBKe DpOBCXOABT AaJIbBeiimee ynJIOTBeHDe peaJlHhI. BJIarOAapJl BbICTY-
DaM B KaBaJIaM MaTepBaJI paBHOMepHO paCDpeAeJJJleTCJI DO AJIBBe DPO<}>DJIBpYIOm;ero
aaaopa. nOA AeiicTBBeM oceBoro AaBJIeBBJI, coaAaBaeMoro 'IepBJlKOM, CBJIbHO cma-
TaJl CMeCb BbIAaBJIDBaeTCJI 'Iepea npO<}>BJIBPYIOm;ee OTBepCTBe rOJIOBKB. qeM MeBbme
DPO<}>BJIBPYIO Bi aaaop BJIB OTBepCTBe, TeM 60JIbme AaBJIeBJle CMeCB. CMeCb ABB-
meTCJI 'Iepes rOJIOBKY C paaHoi CKOpOCTbIO: Y CTeBKB OHa MeHLme, 'IeM B cepeADBe
saaopa BJIB OTBepCTJlJI.
no AJIBBe 'IepBJlKa paaJIB'IaIOT TPB aOBbI C paaJIH'lBbIM COCTOJlBBeM CMeCB:
1) aOBY aarpyaKB (DBTaBBJI); 2) aOBY CmaTDJI, paaorpeBa B DJIaCTBK BB; 3) aOBY
AOSBpOBaBBJI B <}>opMOBaBJlJI.
CJIOmHOCTb TeOpeTB'IeCKBX paC'IeTOB DpOBaBOABTeJIbBOCTB MaDlBB B BX OCHOB-
BbIX DapaMeTpOB DpBBeJIa K TOMY, 'ITO Ba DpaKTBKe AJIJI 3TOii eJIB DOJIbayIOTCJI
3MDBpH'leCKBMB <}>opMYJIaMB, a TaI<me MeTOAOM MOAeJIBpOBaBBJI 'IepBJI'IBbIX MaDlBB.
npeAJIOmeBbI <}>OPMYJIbI, nOJIbSYJlCb KOTOpbIMB, MomBO onpeAeJIBTb DpOBaBOAB-
TeJIbBOCTb MamBBbI, Be06xOABMYIO 'IaCTOTY Bpam;eBBJI 'IepBJlKa, AaBJIeBBe B rOJIO-
BKe B DOTpe6JIJleMYIO MOm;BOCTb, eCJIB STB DapaMeTpbI BaBeCTBbI AJIJI MamDH DO-
A06BOi KOBCTPYK HH, BO APYrux paSMepOB.
2.3. YCTPOf!CTBO OCHOBHblX LlACTEf! H YSnOS
0AHOLlEPBRLlHblX MAWHH
2.3.1. LfepBRK
qepBJlK JlBJIJleTCJI OCBOBBbIM pa60'lBM opraBOM MamDHLI, OT reOMeTpH'leCKOii
<}>OpMbI B KOBCTpyK BB KOToporo aaBBCJlT DpOBSBOABTeJIbBOCTb MaIDBBbI D ee npB-
rOAHOCTb AJIJI 06pa60TKB Toro BJIB BBoro MaTepBaJIa. qepBJlK 06bI'IHO COCTOBT
Ba ABYX 'IacTeii - pa60'leii (BapeaBoi) B XBOCTOBOi (ODOpBOi). OB BbIDOJIBJleTCJI
eJIbHbIM BJIB COCTaBBbIM.
I:taK yme yKaabIBaJIOCb, B HapeaBoii 'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa paSJIH'laIOT TPB pa60'IDe
aOHbI: aarpyaKB, CmaTBJI B DJIaCTBKa B, AOSBpOBaHDJI B <}>opMOBaBDJI. npB npa-
BBJIbBOM CO'leTaBBB paSMepOB SOB B saBBCBMOCTB OT BaaBa'leBDJI MamDBLI B DPB
COOTBeTcTByIOm;eii BapeaKe 'IepBJlKa AOCTBraeTCJI paBBOMepBaJl (6es DyJI:bca i)
BbIAa'la MaTepBaJIa B BOpMaJIbBaJl pa60Ta MamDHbI.
30Ha aarpYSKD, npeABaaBa'leBBaJl AJIJI aaXBaTa MaTepBaJIa BS aarpyaO'lBOH
BOpOHKB, AOJImBa BMeTb AOCTaTO'lBbIe AJIJI 3Toro AJIBBY, rJIy6DBY BapeaKB B pac-
CTOJlBBe Me AY BBTKaMB. 06bI'IBO AJIDBa SOBbI sarpyaKB AOCTBraeT 1,2-1,5D
'IepBJlKa B aaBBCJlMOCTH OT BaaBa'leBBJI MamDHbI B xapaKTepa Depepa6aTbIBaeMoro
MaTepBaJIa. B aOBe CmaTDJI B DJIaCTBKa BB DpOBCXOABT paaorpeB, DJIaCTBKa JI
B rOMoreHBaa BJI MaTepBaJIa. 3AeCb COBepmaeTCJI DepexOA MaTepBaJIa Ba TBepAorO
COCTOJlHBJI B BJl3KOTeK ee. ,IJ;JIBBa aOBbI 06bI'1BO COCTaBJIJleT 1 ,5-2D. B aOBe
AoaBpOBaBBJI B <}>opMOBaHBJI DpOBCXOABT paBBOMepBoe paCDpeAeJIeBBe MaTepBaJIa,
B STHM 06eCDe'lBBaeTCJI BOpMaJIbBaJl DOAa'la ero B rOJIOBKY MaDlDBbI (c DOCTOJlB-
HbIMB AaBJIeBBer.r n 06'beMBOi CKOpOCTbIO). npaBDJJbBOe onpeAeJIeHBe paaMepOB
HapeaKB 3TOii 30HbI BJIJlJleT Ha DpORaBOARTeJIbBOCTb MamDBbI.
COOTBomeBBe pa3MepOB aOB B xapaKTep BapeaKB 'IepBJlKa lIaMeBJleTCJI B aaBB-
CBMOCTB OT BaaHa'leBBJI MaDlDHbI. Pa60'laJl (BapeaBaJl) 'IaCTb 'IepBJlKa xapaKTepB-
aYeTCJI ABaMeTpoM, AJIBBOii B x8paKTepoM peab6bI. ,IJ;BaMeTpbI 'IepBJlKOB B CCCP
37
CTaH)];apTBaOBaHbI. ,IJ;JIJI 'IepBJI'IHbIX MamBB no nepepa60TKe peaBBOBbIX cMeceii
B COOTBeTCTBBB C rOCT 11441-70 B peKoMeBAa BJlMB CaB yCTaHOBJIeBbI CJIeAY-
IOID;De ABaMeTpbI 'IepBJlKOB (B MM): 32, 63, 90, 125, 160, 200, 250, 400 B 380/450.
3apy6emHbIe <}>BpMbI BbIDYCKaIOT aBaJIOrB'IBbIe MamBBbI DpBMepBO C TaKBM me
pJl)];OM ABaMeTpOB 'IepBJlKOB. ,IJ;BaMeTp 'IepBJlKa JlBJIJleTCJI OCBOBBbIM napaMeTpOM,
ODpeAeJIJlIOIl\BM DpOBSBOADTeJIbBOCTb MamBBbI, KOTOpaJl aaBBCBT TaKme OT xapaK-
Tepa HapeaKB. PaSJIH'laIOT 'IepBJlKB:
a) C OABO-, ABYX- B TpexaaXOABoii peab60i B C KOM6BBBpoBaBBoii: peab60ii;
6) BJIHBAPH'leCKBe, KOBYCBbIe B KOM6BHBpoBaBHbIe C DOCTOJlBBbIM marOM B
O)];HHaKoBoii: rJIy6BBoii peab6bI DO Bceii: pa60'leii: AJIBHe;
B) C nepeMeBHbIM marOM BJIB paaJIB'IHoii: rJIy6BBoii pesb6bI.
B CCCP 'IepBJI'IBbIe MamDBbI AJIJI Depepa60TKB peSBBbI BbInYCKaIOTCJI B 60JIb-
mUHCTBe CJI aeB C 'IepBJlKOM JIBHAPH'leCKoii: <}>OpMbI, C AByxaaxoABoii BapeaKoi
C DOCTOJlHHbIM marOM D DepeMeBBoi, y6bIBaIO ei DO HaDpaBJIeBBIO K rOJIOBKe
rJIy6BBoii: peab6bI. TaKoe DCDOJIBeHBe 'IepBJlKa 06eCDe'lBBaeT AOCTaTO'lHOe YDJIOT-
BeHBe B OABOpOABOCTb CMeCB, BaBMeBLmyIO nYJIbCa BIO Depepa6aTbIBaeMoro MaTe-
pBaJIa B HaD60JIee paBBOMepHoe AaBJIeHBe Ha DpO<}>BJIBpyIO YIO maii6y, DOBbImaeT
DpOHSBOABTeJILBOCTb MamHHbI DPB Toii me 'IaCTOTe Bpall\eBBJI 'IepBJlKa.
OAHaKO DPB nepepa60TKe peaBHOBbIX cMeceii: OABoaaxOAHbIe 'IepBJlKB 06eCDe-
'IBBaIOT JIY'lmHH aaXBaT MaTepBaJIa B sarpyao'lBoii: aOBe B MeBbmBe TeDJIOBbIAeJIe-
BDJI, 'IeM ABYX- 11 TpexsaXOABbIe. nOSTOMY B pJlAe 'IepBJI1IBbIX MamDB, TaKDX, KaK
<}>BJIbTpOBaJIbHbIe, rpaBYJIDpYIO e, JIBCTOBaJIbBbIe, DJIaCTBKaTOpbI, 'IepBJlKB BbI-
DOJIHJlIOT KOM6BHBpOBaHBbIMB: B SOBe sarpyaKB C OAHoaaxoABoii: BapesKoii:, a B CJIe-
AYIOIl\HX aOHax - C ABYX- D TpexaaxoAHoii BapeaKoii C nepeMeBBbIMB marOM B rJIY-
6BHOii:. Ha KOB e 'IepBJlKa AeJIaIOT HacaAKY B BBAe KOByca C AByxaaxoABoii: peaL60ii:
AJIJI 06eCDe'leHDJI paBBOMepHoro AaBJIeHBJI Ba <}>BJIbTPYIO YIO DJIB rpaBYJIBpy-
IOIl\YIO DJIBTY.
llOMBMO ABaMeTpa B Xapal(Tepa BapeaKB BamBbIM DapaMeTpOM 'IepBJI'IBOii
loIamRHbI JlBJIJleTCJI OTBomeBDe AJIDBbI pa60'leii 'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa K ero ABaMeTpy.
,IJ;JIDHa pa60'lei 'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa ODpeAeJIJleTCJI, BCXOAJI Ba Be06xoABMOCTB DOJIY'Ie-
HRJI DOBepxHocTD, AocTaTo'lBoii (DpD Ter.mepaTypax, DpBBJlTbIX B pe&DBOBOii npo-
)fLTillJIeBBocTB) AJIJI paaorpeBa peaDBoBoii CMeCB AO TeMDepaTypbl, 06ecDe'lBBaIO eii
DepexoA nepepa6aTbIBaeMoro MaTepBaJIa B BJlaKoTeKY'lee COCTOJlBBe. OAHaKo 'Ipea-
MepHoe YBeJIB'IeHBe AJIHBbI 'IepBJlKa BeAeT K DeperpeBY peaDBoBoi CMeCB B MomeT
BbIaBaTb npe}I(AeBpeMeHHYIO DOABYJIKaBBaa uIO.
npB Depepa60TKe peaBBoBbIx cMeceii BoaHBKaIOT aHa'lBTeJILBbIe CBJIbI TpeHBJI
B BbIAeJIJleTCJI 60JIbmOe KOJIB'IeCTBO TeDJIa, DOSTOMY 'IepBJlKB B MamBBax AeJIaIOT
60JIee KOpOTKBMB, 'IeM B MamDBax, BCDOJIbayeMbI,x AJIJI nepepa60TKB DJIaCTMacc.
JIJI MamBH, Depepa6aTbIBaIOIl\BX DOAorpeTbIe peaBBOBbIe CMeCB, 06bI'IBO LID :s:;;
:s:;; 12; AJIJI MamnH, Depepa6aTbIBaIO Bx XOJIOABbIe peSBBOBbIe CMeCB, LID 12,
a AJIJI MamBB DO Depepa60TKe nJIaCTMaCC LID :s:;; 30. no rOCT 1144 -70 OTBome-
BBe )];JIHBbI 'IepBJlKa K ero ABaMeTpy Y MamBH MqT B MqXB C 'IepBJlKOM ADaMeT-
PO;\J OT 32 )];0 125 MM BaXOABTCJI B DpeAeJIaX COOTBeTCTBeBBO 5-10 B 12-16,
a Y MamBB MqT C 'IepBJlKOM ABaMeTpOM OT 160 AO 400 MM - 3,5-4,5.
napaMeTpoM, OT KOToporo aaBDCBT coaAaHBe Be06xoADMoro )];aBJIeBBJI B 06ec-
neqeHDe BymHoii DJIOTHOCTB mDpB yeMoro MaTepUaJIa B KOB e 'IepBJlKa,
1JBJIHeTCJI CTeneHb CmaTBJI, ODpeAeJIJleMaJl reOMeTpB'IeCKBMD paaMepaMB BapeaKB
'IepBJlKa.
CTeDeHbIO cmaTBJI, KaK BbIme 6bIJIO CKaaaBO, BaabIBaeTCJI OTBomeBBe Mem-
BHTI(OBOrO 06'LeMa OAHoro mara BapeSKD B aOBe aarpyaKB K COOTBeTCTByIO eMY
06'beMY B KOH e 'IepBJlKa. 06'LeMBOe cmaTBe MaTepBaJIa MomeT 6bITb AOCTBrByTO
nYTeM YMeBbmeBDJI mara BapeaKB DO BaDpaBJIeBBIO K rOJIOBKe DPB nOCTOJlHBoii
r.'lYOHne BapeaKD BJIB DyTeM yY>feBbmeBBJI rJIy6BBbl BapeSKH K KOB y 'IepBJlKa
DPB coxpaBeBBD mara BapeaKB nOCTOJlBBbIM DO Bcei AJIBBe 'IepBJlKa. CorJIaCBO
38
rOCT 11441-70, B 'IepBJI'IBbIX MamBBax MqT B MqX C 'IepBJlKOM ABaMeTpOM
OT 32 AO 400 MM CTeDeBb CmaTBJI AOJImBa BaXOABTbCJI B DpeAeJIaX 1-2.
Illar BapeaKB Y 'IepBJlKOB peaBBo06pa6aTbIBaIO Bx MamBB 06bI'IBO KOJIe6JIeTcJI
OT 0,6 AO 1,5D 'IepBJlKa, a rJIy6DBa BapeaKB - OT 0,2 AO 0,25D.
qepBJlKB pa60TaIOT B TJlmeJIbIX yCJIOBBJlX, D03TOMY OBB BbIDOJIBJlIOTCJI Ba
CTaJIB MapOK 40XHMA, 40X D 45 C TepMo06pa60TKoii, paapymaIOm;ee BaDpJlmeBBe
KOTOpbIX DPB paapbIBe COCTaBJIJleT 8-10 Mna. nOBepxBocTb 'IepBJlKa AOJImBa
6bITb BaBocoycTOi'lBBOii, C Be60JIbmBM K03<}><}>B DeBToM TpeBBJI; OBa mJIB<}>yeTCJI,
aaoTBpyeTcJI Ba rJIy6HBY 0,5-0,7 MM AO TBepAOCTB HRC 78-82 B DOJIBpyeTCJI AO
OKOB'IaTeJIbBOii 'IBCTOTbI Be rpy6ee 0,7 no rOCT 2789-59. BBTKB'IepBJlKa B Doca-
AO'lBbIe DOBepXBOCTB, BXOAJI e B DOJIldii BaJI peAyKTopa, aaKaJIBBaIOTCJI TOKaMB
BbICOKOii 'IaCTOTbI AO TBepAOCTB HRC 42-47 Ba rJIy6DBY 5 MM.
rpe6BB BBTKOB 'IepBJlKOB ABaMeTpOM 250/300, 300/380 B 380/450 MM AOJImBbI
DMeTb BaDJIaBKY Ba TBepAoro CDJIaBa TBepAOCTbIO Be MeBee HRC 50. qepBJlKD
60JIbmDX ABaMeTpOB OTJIDBaIOT ua CTaJIB 45 JIn; KaK DpaBBJIO, BX AeJIaIOT COCTaB-
BbIMB, 'ITO nOaBOJIJleT MeBJlTb B peMOBTBpOB8Tb TOJII>KO BaB60JIee BaBaWBBaeMYIO
BapeaBYIO 'IaCTb, Be paa6upaJl DOAmBDBBKOBoro yaJIa XBOCTOBOi 'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa.
HeKoTopbIe <}>UpMbI XPOMBPYIOT 'IepBJJKB Ba rJIy6BBY OT 0,03 AO 0,05 MM.
BByTpB 'IepBJlK paCTa'lBBaeTCJI. 06paaYIOm;aJlCJI DOJIOCTb CJIYilmT AJIJI DOAa'lB
OXJIamAaIOm;eii BOAbI; co CTOpOBbI rOJIOBKB OBa cBa6meBa aarJIymKoii. lIHorAa
B 'IepBJI'IBbIX MamBBax, DpeABaaBa'leBBb1X AJIJI 06KJIaAKB BJIB BaOJIJI , BaAeaDe,t
DOKpbIBaeMoe peaBHOBoii CMeCbIO, DpODYCKaIOT 'Iepea pacTo'lKy BBYTPB 'IepBJlKa
BJIB DpBMeBJlIOT AJIJI SToii eJIB T-06paSBYIO rOJIOBKY.
,IJ;JIJI BOpMaJIbBOii pa60TbI MamBBbI O'leBI> BameB DpaBBJIbBbIii DOA60p aaaopa
MemAY BapymBoii DOBepXBOCTbIO peab6bI 'IepBJlKa B BByTpeBBeii DOBepXBOCTbIO
rBJIbabI BJIBBApa. OB AOJImeB 6bITb B DpeAeJIaX (0,002-0,005) D AJIJI BOBbIX
MamBB B Be 60JIee 0,008D AJIJI 3KCDJIyaTBpyeMbIx MamBB, TaK KaK DPB YBeJIH'leBBB
3Toro aaaopa peaKO BospaCTaeT YTe'lKa MaTepBaJIa B YMeBbmaeTCJI npOBaBOABTeJIb-
BOCTb MamBBbI. OABaKO DPB O'leBb MaJIbIX aaaopax BoaMomBbI aaABPbI Ba rBJIbae
DJIBBApa, aaKJIBBBBaBBe 'IepBJlKa B BbIXOA MamBBbI Ba CTpOJl. 3aaop MemAY TOp-
OM 'IepBJlKa B rOJIOBKOii AOJImeB 6bITb MBBBMaJIbBbIM B Be DpeBbImaTb 1,5D.
ROBCTpyK BJI 'IepBJlKOB MamBB, DpeABaaBa'leBBbIX AJIJI DOJI eBBJI peaBBO-
BbIX aarOTOBOK, DOKaaaBa Ba pBC. 2.2. Ha pBC. 2.2, a DpBBeAeB 'IepBJlK eJIbBOii
KOBCTPYK BB C DporpeCCBBBO YMeBbWaIOm;eiicJI rJIy6BBoii BapeaKB (c 55 AO
37,5 MM) B DOCTOJlBBbIM marOM (218 MM). HapeaKa AByxaaxoABaJl, AJIBBa pa60'leii
'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa paBBa 5D. B CepeABBe 'IepBJlKa BMeeTCJI KaBaJI AJIJI OXJIamAeBBJI,
DepeK'pbITbIii C Top a sarJIymKoii. qepBJlK TaKoi KOBCTpyK BH DpBMeBJleTCJI
B MamDHax TeDJIOrO DBTaBBJI. Ha pBC. 2.2, 6 DOKaaaB 'IepBJlK C DporpeccBBBo
YMeBbmaIOm;BMCJI marOM BapeaKB (c 215 AO 170 MM) DpB DOCTOJlBBOii ee rJIy61IBe
(55,3 MM)1 AJIBBa pa60'lei 'IaCTB 'IepBJlKa paBBa 3,41D; BapeaKa AByxaaxOABaJl.
qepBJlK C OABoaaXOABoii BapeaKoii B AODOJIBBTeJIbBOi BapeaKoii B aOBe AoaDpo-
BaBBJI npeACTaBJIeB Ba pBC. 2.2, 6.
3Ta BapeaKa YBeJIU'IBBaeT paBBOMepBOCTb DpoxOAa CMeCB 'Iepes rOJIOBI.;Y,
AOnOJIBBTeJIbBO YDJIOTBJleT B rOMoreBBaBpyeT CMeCb. B BaCTOJl ee BpeMJI BeAYTCJI
DBTeBCBBBbIe BCCJIeAOBaBBJI DO Ba eBBIO B oTpa60TKe ODTBMaJIbBOii KOB<}>Brypa-
BB 'IepBJlKOB AJIJI paaJID'lBbIX MaTepBaJIOB B BBAOB Depepa60TKB.
RaK yme 6blJI0 CKaaaBO, B DOJIOCTb 'IepBJlKa DOAaeTCJI OXJIamAaIO aJl Bo,!!,a,
KOTOpaJl nOABOABTCJI K ero XBOCTOBOii 'IaCTB. OXJIamAaIOm;aJl BOAa DO BeDOABBmBoii
Tpy6e 7 (CM. pBC. 2.3) DOCTYDaeT B DepeABIOIO 'lac'll. MamBBbI B ABIDKeTCJI 06paTBo
K XBOCTOBOii 'IaCTB 'Iepea aaaop MemAY 3TOii Tpy60ii B BByTpeBBeii DOBepXBOCTbIO
Bpam;aIOm;erOCJI 'IepBJlKa; BOAa OTBOABTCJI Ba MamUBbI 'Ie pea DaTpy60K B KaBaJIU-
aa BIO.
XBOCTOBaJl 'IaCTb 'IepBJlKa DpeABaaBa'leBa AJIJI 06eCDe'leBBJI DpaBBJIbBOii eBT-
pOBKB ero B DepeAa'lB Bpam;aIOm;ero MOMeBTa 'Iepea peAYKTOp OT SJIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI
39
DpDBOAa. B COBpeMeBBbIX MamDBaX 'IepBJlK AeJIaeTCJI COCTaBBbIM, DpD'IeM
XBOCTOBaJl 'IaCTb BbInOJIBJleTCJI B BBAe DOJIOrO BaJIa peAYKTOpa D B Bee Ba mJID aX
saXOADT aD<}>a BapeaHOD 'IaCTD DJID me BapeaBaJl 'IaCTb 'IepBJlKa aaKaB'IDBaeTCJI
<}>JIaB ep.r, KOTOpbIM OBa B KpeDDTCJI K <}>JIaB Y BaJIa peAYKTopa.
qepBJlK DepeAaeT Ba DOAmHDBBKH XBOCTOBOD 'IaCTD aBa'lBTeJIbBOe oceBoe
YClmDe D DarB6aIO Dii MOMeBT. nOSTOMY nOAmDDBBKOBbIi yaeJI AOJImeB 6bITb
I
e.
&
(]
e.
""..
0:.":$
00
%
'"
e
990
2125
a
6
. . 3
7 :..L. -- h / --, -Zt/. -- - ----- -.-
ft ,;- ,-= - ---W'--- /1- -- - --------
8
Poe. 2.2. KOBCTpyK '1epBOOB MalllllB, DpepaSBa'leBBYX AJIJI Depepa6OTKo peao-
HOBblX CMecea:
a - '1epBIIK C DOCTOIIHHWI maroar BapeaKB B y6101B8IOJqel BIoICOTOA Rape3KH; 6 - '1epBIIK C DporpeCCBBHO
YMeBhwaJOIQIDICII maroM B DOCTOIIBBOI rnyOBHOI Bape3KB (\!IBPMIoI (,,n. BPB;IUf\»); /I - '1epBIIK C nOHon-
!lUTen&uolt Rape3Kol.
1',OCTaTO'lBO MaCCHBlIbIM If BaAemBbIlrf, 'IT06bI BOCDpDBJlTL OCeBbIe II pa)1.HaJlbBbIe yCD-
JIIIJI. 06LI'IBO B "IepBJI'IBbIX MamDBaX XBOCTOBOii BaJI Bpam;aeTCJI B DOAmDDBHRaX
l<aqeBIIJI. ,IJ;JIJI npe,D.OXpaBeBDJI YDOpBOrO DOAmHnBDKa OT DeperpyaKH B pJl,D.e KOB-
CTPYK ni1 npHMClUIe1'CJI Cne lIaJIbBOe rJlApaBJIH'leCKOe YCTpoiicTBO.
nO,lJ;lllHllHIIKOBbIii yaeJI 'IepBJI'IBOii MaillHBLI nOKaaaB Ha pRC. 2.3. XBOCTOBaJl
'IaCTb COCTaBBoro 'IepBJllta 1 BMee'f WJIII bI H BXOAHT BO BTYJIKY 2, DOCa>l<enBYIO
B DO.lIbIii BaJI 3, Ba KOTOpOM aaKpenJIeBbI BBYTpeBHDe 060iiMbI paABaJIbBbIX ODOpHhIX
4, 8 D YDopBoro 5 mapUKOlIOAmunBHKOB. Ha DOJIbIi BaJI 3 DocameBO na mnOBKe
60JILillOe DpDBOAHOe ay6'1aTOe KOJIeCO 9 peAYKTopa. YnopBbIH nOAWHnBUK pa60-
TaeT B MQCJIJlBoii BaBBe DJIII CMaabIBaeTCJI OT MaCJIJlBOrO Bacoca. ,IJ;oDycTuMble Ba-
40
rpYSICB B8 8TOT DOAmDDBBR B SaBDCDMOC'fD 0'1' ABaMeTpa D 'IaCTOTbI Bpa eBDJI
'IepBJlR8 DpDBOAJlTCJI BDme:
.l{ollMeTp '1epBRKa, MM 25-32 45 -50 60-65 90 115-120 150 200
qacTOTa Bp eBBR '1ep-
BRKa, 06/MBB .... 100 40 40 60 60 25 25
HarpysKa, KH . . . ., 34 88 400 460 660 1270 1450
npaBDJIbBbIR BbI60p YDopBoro DOAmDDBBRa O'leBb BameB AJIJI BOpMaJIbBOR
pa60'fbI 'IepBJI1IBoii MamDHbI. PelCoMeBAyeTCJI BbI6DpaTb YDOpmm DOAWDDBDK
C TaKDM paC'Ie'fOM, 'IT06bI OB Mor 06eCDe'lBTb Be MeBee 30 000 'I pa60'rY MamDBbI
POCo 2.3. YSM DOAIIIIIDIIIUCOB '1epBJl'Dloi MalllBBY:
1 - '1epBJIK; S - BT')'JlKa; 3 - DOmd BaJJ; 4,' - paJDIam.m.re ODOpllYe DO.1UlllD1RBJCB; 6 - -,uop-
m.dt DOJUllBlUlBK; 6 - KOPUYC YDOpBOro DOJIIIIBIIBBKa; 'I - TPyGa ODllUKJlellllll; 9 - a}'6tla'1'Oe Ko-
neco peAyJ<TOpa; 10 - yaM ODllUKJlellllll '1epBIIKa; 11 - TPy IJJ)OBO. .nII Dono.a' ODl8HGI8JDIqeA
BO IoI; IS - TP UPOBO. OTBo.a OxnaJtf,llaJOIQeI BOJW.
DPD M8KCDMaJIbBOR BarPYSKe. PaABaJIbBbIe DOAmDDBBKJI Be60JIbmDX 'IepBJI1IBbIX
MamDB CMaSbIBaIOTCJI KOBCDCTeBTBOR CMaSKOi, 60JIbIIIJIX MamBB - p8s6pLlSrDBa-
BDeM BJID DpBByABTeJIbBO.
2.8.2. LtHnHHAP H aarpyaO'4HaR BopOHKa
:QammAP 'IepBJI'IBOR MaWDBbI AOJImeB 6L1Tb AOCT8TO'IB0 DpO'lBYM D MaCCDBBNM,
TaK KaK OB pa60TaeT DPD 60JIbmOM AaBJIeBDD: 6-15 Mna (B SaBDCDMOCTB OT Depe-
pa6a'fYBaeMOro Ma'fepDaJIa D ADaMeTpa 'IepBJlKa), a DPD S8KpLl'foi rOJIOBKe-
AO 30-40 Mna.
:QDJIDBAP MamDBbI 06bI'IBO DSrO'faBJIDBaIOT DS 'IyrYBBoro DJID CTaJIbBOrO
JIDTbJl eJIbBbIM DJID C60pBbIM. B DOCJIeABeM CJI ae Ba BapymBoi DOBepXBOCTD
BBY'fpeBBero C'faKaBa DMeIO'fCJI pe6p8 AJIJI 06pasoBaBDJI DOJIOCTei, B KOTopLle MO-
meT DOAaBaTbCJI 060rpeBaIO aJl DJID OXJIamAaIO aJl BOAa. ECJID I\BJIDHAP DsrOTO-
BJIeB DS OABOR OTJIDBKD, OB BNDOJIBJleTCJI C DOJIOC'fJIMD AJIJI Dapa DJID BOAbI. BByTpb
DJIDBApa saDpeCCOBbIBaeTCJI CMeBBaJl rDJIbS8 DS CTaJID 38XMIOA, BByTpeBBJlJI
(pa60'laJl) DOBepXBOCTb KOTOpoi aSOTDpOBaBa D DMeeT TBepAOCTb HRA 83"':"86.
41
3arpysO'lll8J1 BOpOBIC8. B ICOPDYC M8mBHI>t BCTpOeBa sarpYSO'lBaJl BOpOBlCa
JIJI DDTaBDJI MamDHLI peSDBOBOD CMeCbIO. 3arpYSO'lBaJl BOpOBlCa AeJIaeTCJI TaRDX
paSMepOB, 'IT061>I DO AJIDRe OBa SaBDMaJIa 1-1,5 BDTlCa 'IepBJllCa. OABa DS CTOpOB
mreeT BalCJIOB 30 0 IC BepTDlCaJID. ,IJ;JIJI JIY'Imero SaXBaTI>IBaBDJI DOAaBaeMoD CMeCD
'IepBJlICOM BOPOBICY AeJIaIOT C BelCOTopbIM DOAByTpeBDeM DJID YCTaBaBJIDBaIOT Y Bo-
pOBICD DpHBOABOD Bpam;aIO
DCJI DDTaTeJIbBI>ID BaJIDIC. B ICpyDBNX 'IepBJI1IBbIX
MamDBax (rpaBYJIJlTOpax, JIDCTOBaJIbBNx) MaTepDaJI DOAaeTCJI B BOPOBICY DpDRY-
]l;DTeJIbBO OARDM DJID ABYMJI CDe
DaJIbBYMD TOJIlCaTeJIJlMD. npDMeBeBDe DDTaTeJIb-
Boro BaJIHlCa DJIH TOJIlCaTeJIJI DOBymaeT DpODSBOADTeJIbBOCTb MamDBY.
2.8.3. CTaHHHbI H !fJYHAaMeI:lTHbie nnHTbI
OraBDBI>I D <}>YBAaMeBTBbIe DJIDTY DSrOTaBJIDBaIOT DS 'IyrYBBoro mITbJl DJIB
D3 DpOlCaTa CBapBbIMD, lCop06'1aTOrO Ce'leBDJI. BBYTPD CTaBDHLI DBorAa YCTaBaBJIB-
BaIOT SJIelCTpOABDraTeJIb DpDBOAa D peAyKTOp. qacTo CTaBDBbI AeJIaIOT pas60p-
BYMD DJID OTOABDraIO
MDCJI, 'ITO 06JIer'laeT MOBTam D peMOBT MamBBbI. B DOCJIeA-
BDe rOAN BeROTopbIe sapy6emBbIe <}>DpMbI Ba'laJID BbIDYClCaTb 'IepBJI1IBNe MaIIlBJIH
C MaCCDBBNM OCBOBaBDer.r II aBTDBD6pa
OBBYMD YCTpoDcTBaMB, AOoyClCaIO
1I
YCTaBOBICY MamDBbI Ba DOJIY 6e3 DpDMeBeBDJI CDe
aJIbBbIX <}>YBAaMeBTOB, 'ITO
YAemeBJIJleT D yDpo
aeT DX MOBTam D DepeCTaBOBICY DPD D3MeBeBDD TeXUOJIOrD-
t.leCROrO Dpo
ecca.
2.3.4. r onOBKH
HaSBa'leBBe rOJIOBRB - DpDBJlTb DOAaBaeMYIO 'IepBJlROM peSBBOBYIO CMeCb,
06eCDe'lDTb ee BYAaBJIDBaBDe D DPDAaBDe sarOTOBlCe Be06xoABMOD <}>OpMbI D saAaB-
BYX paSMepOB. B saBDCDMOCTD OT BaSBa'leBBJI 'IepBJI1IBbIe MamDBbI cBa6maIOTCJI
rOJIOBlCaMD pa3JIH'lBOD 1C0BCTpyK
DD. C
eCTByeT O'leBb MBoro rOJIOBOIC, OTJIH'la-
IO
XCJI APyr OT APyra DO 1C0BCTpyK
HB D Ba3Ba'leBBIO.
npDB
DDDaJIbBYe cxeMbI YCTpODCTBa rOJIOBOIC DpeACTaBJIeBI>I Ba pDC. 2.4.
JII06aJl rOJIOBRa COCTODT DS CJIeAYIO
DX OCBOBBI>IX 'IaCTeD. ROPDYC 1 RpeDBTCJI
R ROpoyCY MamDBI>I 2 pa3JID'IBYMB cDoc06aMD D DMeeT DOJIOCTD 9 AJIJI BarpeBa B
OXJIamAeBDJI rOJIOBRD. TaR RalC DPD pa60Te B rOJIOBlCe MorYT BOSBDRByTb 60JIbmDe
p;aBJIeBDJI (AO 15 Mna B BbIme), ee D3rOTaBJIDBaIOT BS DpO'lBOrO 'IyrYBBoro JIDTbJl
Cq12--88 DJID CTaJIbBOrO JIDTbJl 35JIn. R ICOPDYCY 1 ICpeDDTCJI MYBAWTYR 3,
mreIO
BD DpO<}>DJIDpyIO
ee OTBepCTDe DPD mDpD
eBaBHB MOBOJIDTBbIX D3AeJIDD,
"D AOpB 6, 1C0TOpl>lD BCTaBJIJleTCJI B MYBAmTYK DPD mDpD
eBaBDD DOJIYX D3AeJIDD.
AJIJI 00YAPDBaBDJI BByTpeBBeD DOBepXBOCTD DOJIOrO D3AeJIDJI 'Iepes Tpy6KY 8
DOAaeTCJI TaJIbK. MYBAmTyKD D AOpBY AOJImBY 61>1Tb DSBOCOYCTOii'lDBbIMD D DpO'l-
BI.1MD (pa3PymaIO
ee BaDpJlmeBDe DPD pa3pl>lBe paBBO 8-9 Mna). 061>1'1BO DX
BSrOTaBJIDBaIOT D3 CTaJID Y8A DJID 40X C TepMo06pa60TKoii D mJID<}>oBICOD. HBorAa
pa60'lDe DOBepXBOCTD AopBa D MYBAmTYKa XPOMDPYIOT.
RaK DpaBDJIO, rOJIOBKD pe3DBo06pa6aTI>IBaIO
BX 'IepBJI'IBI>IX MamDB KJIaC-
CD<}>D
DPYIOT DO DX Ba3Ba'leBDIO.
rOJIOBIC8 AU BWDYCKa sarOTOBOIC DpOTeKTopoB 83 OABOR peSHHW (pDC. 2.5,a)
mreeT DpO<}>DJIDpOBaHBYIO rOpJIOBDHY, 06eCDe'lDBaIO
YIO DpeABapDTeJIbBOe <}>OPMO-
BaBHe DOJIOCbI (JIeBTY). OICOH'IaTeJIbBOe <}>opMOBaHDe 3arOTOBKD DpOD3BOADTCJI
DpD DOMO
DpO<}>DJIDPYIO
eii DJIaHKD 2, paCDOJIOmeBBOD: DPH BbIXOAe CMeCD D3
rOJIOBKD. nJIaBKa 3aKpeDJIJleTCJI KOBYCBOii rpe6eBKoii 3, KOTOpaJl DOABDMaeTCJI
B oDyclCaeTCJI DPD DOMO
H DBeBMO
HJIDBApa 4. B KopDyce rOJIOBKD BMeIOTCJI 'Ie-
'fbIpe DOJIOCTD 5 AJIJI o60rpeBa D OXJIamAeBDJI. BI>IXOAHOe oTBepcTDe AODOJIBDTeJIbBO
o60rpeBaeTcJI SJIeKTpH'leCTBOM DJID DapOM. Ha rOJIOBKe YlCpeDJIeHI>I BomD, o6pe3a-
IO
e ICpOMKB sarOTOBKD. COBpeMeBBbIe rOJIOBKD TaKoro TDDa D3rOTaBJIDBaIOTCJI
pa360pBI.1MD D3 ABYX DOJIOBDB, KOTopbIe BBYTPD XPOMDPYIOTCJI. AJIDBa rOJIOBKD
42
He AOJDRHa DpeBLImaTb YABoeHHoro )J.HaMeTpa 1JepB1'IKa. IIJIom;aAb Ce1JeBH1'I m;eJI1l
B cpeAHeM paBHa DOJIOBHHe DJIOm;aAH Ce'leHH1'I 1JepB1'IKa. MaRCHMaJIbHa1'l mHpHHa
BLlDYCKaeMoii aarOTOBKH paBHa AHaMeTpy 1JepB1'IKa, YMHomeHHOMY Ha 3,4.
rOJIOBK8 AU BblOYCK8 TOHKOCTeHHblX Tpy60K (poc. 2.5, 6). IIpo«lmJIHPYIOm;HMH
AeTaJI1'IMH rOJIOBKH 1'IBJI1'IIOTC1'I AOpH 8 H IIfYHAmTYK 7, DOJIOmeHHe KOTOpLiX MomHO
perYJIHpOBaTb DPH DOMOm;H 60JITOB 12. ,I(OpH 8 YKpeDJI1'IeTC1'I Ha AopHOAepmaTeJIe 9
KpecToBHHLl13. IIocJIe)J.H1'I1'I 06bI1JHO HMeeT TPH pe6pa, HO 1JaCTO ee HarOTaBJIHBaIOT
C ABYM1'I HJIH OAHHM pe6poM. BHyrpH pe6ep KpeCTOBHHLI HMeIOTC1'I KaHaJILI AJI1'I
DOAa1JH B AopHOAepiKaTeJIb BoaAyxa C TaJIbKOM, AJI1'I coaAaHH1'I BaKYYMa HJIH )J.JI1'I
OTcoca Ha6L1TKa BoaAyxa H oXJIamAaIOm;eii BOALI. ,I(OPBLI, KpeCTOBBHLI H maii6L1
"
3
8
1
6
PBC. 2.4. np
RDRaJl"BaJi cxeMa YCTpoHcTsa ro-
J10BOK '1epBJl'llBLlX MamBB:
a - c perYJlBPyeMJolM MyJUllII'I'YlCOM AJIJI mDpll1teBaBBJI no-
m>IX BaAeJJBl; 6 - c peryJIBPyeMJolM AOpROM IIJIJI umpll1{eB3-
IIIIJI DOJlblX BaAemdt; 6 - IIJIJI BblDYClCa MOROJIBTllWX UPG-
BJlel;
1 - tcOpDyc 1'0000BtcB; 2 - tcOpnyc M3IIIJIBbI; 8 - MyllJIJD-
Tytc; 4 - YDOpRaJI maAGa; 6 - peryJJBpYJOlIllfe Gomr.r;
8 - AOpR; 1 - AOpROAepIKaTeJll>; 8 - TPyGtca AJIJI DOAa'IB
TlUIbtca; 9 - nOJlOCTB IIJIJI Rarpesa B OXJI3mJteBBJI; 10-
TpyGa AJIJI nOAa'IB napa BJIB OXJI3IKAlUOmel BOAN.
AOJImHLI HMeTb 06TeKaeMYIO tIIOPMY; DOBepXBOCTH, CODpHKaCaIOm;HeC1'I C peaBHoii,
mJIHtIIYIOT H XPOMHPYIOT. rOJIOBKa cBa6meBa Py6amKoii AJI1'I BarpeBa H OXJIamAeBH1'I.
rOJIOBKa AU B8OIDII\IIB Ka6eneit, PYK8BOB B APyrox H3AeJI1Iit. TaK HaaLiBaeMa1'l
KpeCTo06paaHa1'l rOJIOBKa DOKaaaBa Ba pHC. 2.5, 6. IIBorAa KpeCTo06paSBYIO ro-
JIOBKY paCDOJIaraIOT TaKHM 06pasoa-r, 1JTO oTBepcTHe B Beii DepDeHABRYJI1'IpBO OCH
1JepB1'IKa, B 3TOM CJIyqae OBa BaaLiBaeTC1'I T-06paSBoii. BLl60p Tl'IIIa rOJIOBKH aaBH-
CHT OT xapaKTepa HSrOTaBJI1IBaeMLIX HaAeJIHii.
rOJIOBK8 AJI1'I O'lBCTICB (.OJIbTpoBaBBJI, BmI CTpeiBBPOB8HBJI) pe3BBOBbIX
cMeceit (pHC. 2.5, e). IIOAaBJI1'IIOm;ee 60JIbmHBCTBO CTpeB:HepOB HarOTaBJIHBaIOT
C oceBLIM BLlXOAOM MaTepHaJIa. IIpHMeB1'IBmHeC1'I paBee rOJIOBKH C paABaJIbBLIM
BLlXOAOM MaTepHaJIa HCDOJIbaYIOTC1'I B BaCT01'lm;ee BpeM1'I 01JeBb peAJ(o. rOJIOBRa
C oceBLIM BLlXOAOM MaTepHaJIa BLlDOJIBeBa C BBYTpeBBHM KOBJl1leCKHM OTBepCTHeM,
paCmHp1'lIOm;HMC1'I K BbIXOAY. <Dn:JIbTPYIOm;a1'l pemeTKa C ceTKoii 17 aamHMaeTC1'I
MemAY KOPDYCOM rOJIOBKH 1 H aamHMBoii raiiKoii 6 DPH DOMOID;JI KOJIb
a 18 6aiio-
BeTHOrO aaTBopa. Ha rOJIOBKe YKpeDJI1'IeTC1'I DpHCDOC06JIeBHe AJI1'I cpeS8BH1'I OT-
tIIHJIbTpOBaBBoii MaCCLI (Ba pHC. 2.5 Be DOKaaaBO), COCT01'lm;ee Ha KpeCTo06paaBO
paCDOJIOmeUBOii DpOBOJIOKH, DpHBOAHMoii B ABHmeHHe OT OTAeJIbHOrO 3JIeKTpOABH-
43
raTeJIJI. cI>IIJIbTPYIOID;aJl peWeTKa HMeeT KpyrJIl>le OTBepCTIIJI. BanOHeTHbIH 8aTBOp
saKpbIBaeTCJI II OTKpbIBaeTCJI C DOMOID;bIO DBeBMO
IIJIIIH)J;pa 4.
B
16
21
zo
/3
PRC. 2.5. KOBCTPYK
RR rOJlOBOK pasJlB'IIIoro DaSHneHBa:
a - I1nll muplllteBalDfJI aa1'OT08011 DPOTeKTOpa B3 OI1Bol peaBRbI; 6 - 11M BblnYCRa TOIIROCTeRIIWX TpyGoR
(aa1'OTOBOR aBTORalllep); 6 - I1nll oGKJlMICB RaGenJI C pacnonOIKeHHellll1opHa nOli yrnolll 60 0 R OCB Ma-
mRllli; II - 11M OqRCTKB clllecel; {} - AJJJI Ra1'OTOBJIeHHII npOTeRTOpa na I1BYX peaRH;
1 - Ropnyc ronoBRn; 2 - DP0!llBJJBpYJOlQall DJlallRa; 8 - ROHYCRall aaIKBMRall rpeGellRa; 4 - DReBMG-
IntJlHIIJIP; 6 - nOBOCTB AJiIl RarpeBa BJlB OXJIalKAeRBII; 8 - aaJRBMHafl: ralRa; 1 - MyBl1nrryJ<, 8-
nopR; 9 - )10pRonepa<aTeJIb; 10 - pacnWDITeJlb; 11 - rall(a; 12 - perYJlJlPoBoqRblI Gom; 18 - ICpe-
CTOBBlla; 14 - IIITYl(ep; 16 - IKBna RaGenJl; 18 - YAmlHcHBe 'ICpBIIRa; 17 - !IIBJII>TPYJOIQIUI pe-
mCTI(a C CBTICol; 18 - GalOHeTBoe ROBbqol 19 - BepXHJIJI UCTb ronoBRB (cePAC'IRBIC); 20 - DPB-
mBMRaJI DJlallRa; 21 - paaAeJIJIJODvdt CTepIKeBb; 66 - RB)f(RJIJI 'laCTb I'OBOBRB.
rOJIOBKa AU nOAKmO'Ie&IIJI OABOBpeMeBBO ABYX 'IepBJI'lBblX MamBB (pIIC. 2.5, 0)
mllpOKO DpllMeHJleTCJI B lD1IBBoi npOlilmmeBBOCTII )J;JIJI BbIDYCKa sarOTOBOK DpO-
TeKTOpOB 118
YX pe8BB.
44
-qeCRHM paaltlepaM. ECJIH nOJIyqeHHhIe paC'IeTOM paaMepLl He 06eCne'lHBa1OT 3Toro-
yCJIOBHR, HX HeCROJIbRO HaMeHRIOT, MeHRR ce'leHlle RaHaJIOB. Ha npaRTHRe paa-
MepLi ce'leHHii RaHaJIOB 'IaCTO nO,D;rOHRIOT no,D; ra6apHTBhle paaMepLi Ha,D;eJIlIJI.
DpH ROHCTPYHpOBaHHH rOJIOBRH H npHcnoc06JIemrli (nJIaHRH, MYH,D;IIITyRH,"
OpHLI) npHHHMalOT CJIe,D;YIO
e nOJIomeHHR.
1. ,I(HaMeTp
JIHH,D;pH'IeCROii rOJIOBRH Ha BXO,D;e npHHHMalOT paBHLlM ,D;Ha-
MeTpy I\HJI
pa MamHBLI. 06Lr'1HO rOJIOBRY ,D;eJIalOT BHYTpH ROB1f1IeCROii C ,D;Ha-
MeTpOM, YMeHLmalO
MCR R BLlXO,D;HOMY Ce'leHHIO rOJIOBRH. HaaBa'leHHe ROHyca -
COa,D;aTb ,D;aBJIeBHe Ha BLlXO,D;e. ,I(HaMeTp MYH,D;mTYRa Ha BXO,D;e ,D;OJImeH 6L1TL paBeB
,D;HaMeTpy BByTpeHHeii nOJIOCTH rOJIOBRH Ha BI>1XO,D;e. Ha BLlXO,D;e MyB,D;mTYR MomHO
)J;eJIaTb pacnmpRIO
MCR, 'ITO ,D;aeT BoaMom:nOCTb wnpHI\eBaTb ROJIbI\eBLIe aaro-
TOBRH ,D;HaMeTpOM HeCROJIbRO 60JIbmHM (B 1,1-1,2 paaa), 'IeM ,D;HaMeTp 'IepBRRa.
2. PaccToRHHe OT ROHI\a 'IepBRRa ,D;O MyB,D;IIITYRa He ,D;OJImHO npeBLImaTb
)J;HaMeTpa 'IepBRRa.
3. BBYTpeHH:nB: 06'.beM npoTeRTopBoii rOJIOBRH p;OJImeH 6L1Tb B 2 paaa MeHLme
06'.beMa 'IepBRRa. ,I(JIHBa ee ,D;JIR cpe,D;Hllx MaWHa ,D;OJImHa 6L1Tb 60JIbWe p;HaMeTpa
'IepBRRa Ba 75%, a ,D;JIR 60JIbWHX lIIaWIIB - Ha 100%. DJIOIl\a,D;b Ce'leHHR BLlXO,D;-
Boii II\eJIH ,D;OIDf(Ba 6L1Tb B Cpe,D;HeM Ha 50% MeHbwe nJIOIl\a,D;H Ce'leHHR 'IepBRRa.
4. llpH BHoope ROH<pHrypa
H BLlXO,D;HLlX oTBepcTllii rOJIOBOR yqHTLlBaIOT
yca,D;RY H CROpOCTb BLlXO,D;a peaHBLI.
5. rOJIOBRa H OXJIam,D;aIOII\He nOJIOCTH ,D;OJImHLI 6L1Tb TaR CROHCTpy:npOBaHLI,
'IT06L1 npH TeMnepaType WnpHI\eBaHHR 120 °C TeMneparypa HapymHoii CTeHRH"
rOJIOBRH He npeBLlWaJIa 70 OCt 3THM npe,D;ynpem,D;aeTCR nO,D;BYJIRaHHaaI\HR CMeCH
B «MepTBLIx aOHax»!! rp;e CROpOCTb npoTeRaHHR CMeCH MeHbme.
2.3.5. npHBOA
tJaCTOTa Bpam;eHHR 'IepBRRa HaMeHReTCR B aaBHCIDIOCTH OT npo<pHJIR wnpH-'
I\YeMoro Ha,D;eJIHR H peI\enTa peaHBoBoii CMeCH. COBpeMeHHLle 'IepBR'IHLle MaWIIBLI
BLlnYCRalOTCR C npHBO,D;OM, nOaBOJIRIO
M perYJIHpOBaTb 'IaCTory BpaIl\eHHR qep-
BRRa B npe,D;eJIax OT 1 : 4 ,D;O 1 : 10.
B 'IepBJI1IHLlX ManmHax npHMeHRIOTCR CJIe,D;YIOII\He THnLl perYJIHpyeMLIx
npHBO,D;OB.
.n;BoraTemJ: C Be08MeBBOB: qaCTOTOB: BpalI\eBBS, cBaoaceaBhIe BapoaTopoM.
BOJIbWaR qaCTb npHBO,D;OB 3Toro TIIna pa60TaeT OT ,D;BHraTeJIeii nepeMeHHoro TORa
C RopOTRoaaMRHYTLlM pOTOpOM H cBa6meBa 6eccTyneB'IaTLlMH BapHaTOpaMH-
<ppHKI
HOBBl>lMH, JIeHTOqHLlMH H I\enHLlMH. OOLr'lHO TaRHe BapHaTopLi npIDIeHRIOTCR
p;JIR nepe,D;aqH MaJILIX MOIl\HOCTeii. ,I(JIR nepe,D;aqH 60JILWHX MOIl\HOCTeii HCnOJII>3Y-
IOTCR rH,D;paBJIH"IeCRHe BapHaTopLi. DpHMeHRIOTcR mH,D;ROCTHLIe nepe,D;aqH, pa60Ta-
IOII\He npH CTaTH'IeCROM HJIH ,D;HHaMH"IeCROM ,D;aBJIeHHH. CTaTH"IeCRHe mH,!I;I(OCTHLIe
nepe,D;a'lH MomHO perYJIHpOBaTb B 60JIbWOM )J;JIanaaOHe ,D;aBJIeBHii. B 3TOM aaRJIIO-
qaeTCR HX npeHMYIl\eCTBO nepe,D; )J;JIHaMH'IeCRIDIH nepe,D;aqaMH.
DpHMeHRIOTcR TaRme rH,D;paBJIlPleCRHe MY<PTLI C perYJIHPyeMoii 'IacToToii Bpa-
II\eHHR.
tJeTLIpexcRopocTHLIe 3JIeRTpO,D;BHraTeJIH nepe-
M e H H 0 rOT 0 R a 06eCneqHBalOT cTyneJI'qaTOe HaMeHeHlle '1HCJIa 060pOTOB
qepBRRa. TaRHe 3JIeRTpO,D;BHraTeJIH npHMeHRIOTCR ,D;JIR 'IepBR'IHLlX MaWHH, HCnOJIb-
ayeMLIx ,D;JIR BLinYCRa O,D;HHX H Tex me Ha,D;eJIHii H He Tpe6YlOII\HX nJIaBHOrO peryJIH-
pOBaHHR CROpOCTH. 3TH ,D;BHraTeJIH MomHO ROMnOHOBaTb TaRme C BapHaTopaMH paa-
JIH'IHOro THna, '!TO ,D;aeT BoaMomHOCTb oCYIl\eCTBJIRTb cTyneJI'qaTO-6eccTyneH'IaToe
peryJIHpOBaHHe CROpOCTH.
IIpoBOAhI C aJIeRTplPlecRoM peryJIBpoBaaHeM. B TaRHX npHBO,D;aX HcnOJIbay-
IOTCR 3JIeRTpO,D;BOraTeJIH paaJlH'IHLlX THnOB.
46
Ta6'//'uqa 2.1. O
O'lepB8'1Bbte llaonm... oreDJIoro DBTasB8 M1JT
J18 DepepaoOTKB pe8BBOBIoIX
cMeceii, B...DycRae.....e OTe'lecTBeBBIIIMB aaBO
alfD
TBD MamBRbI
32xS I 63XS 63xS 90XS
lfH
eKc MamRIIItI 512-1 512-3A 512-7 A 512-4A
'IepBIIK
ARaMeTp, MM 32 63 63 90
AJlua Bapes8BBoii
'IaCTH, MM . . 160 315 315 450
OTBOmeBRe L : D . 5 5 5 5
CTeDeHb C)I(aTRR 1: 2; 1: 2; 1: 2; 1 : 2;
1: 1,55 1: 1,48 1: 1,48 1: 1,48
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eBRJI,
06/MUB . . . . 20-100 20-100 25; 38; 23; 34;
50; 77- 45; 70
DPOR3BOARTeJlbHOCTb,
Kr 1'1 . . . . . . 10-20 40-140 40-140 120-330
3JJeKTpO
raTenb DPR-
BOAa
TUD . . . . . . n-42 n-62 A02-72-12/8/6/4 AO-82-12/8/6/4
MOIQBOCTb, KBT 4,5 14 4.5; 8.1; 10,4; 11 9,7; 14.6;
15.6; 21.5
'lac TOT a BpameBRR,
06/118B . . . . . 1500 1500 480; 710; 930; 480; 725;
1420 955; 1455
PeAYKTop . . . . . . . I.(AH-25-III-12,7; I.(AH-40-IV-18,5;
AH-40-IV-18,5t
i = 12,7 i = 18,5 i = 18,5
faGa pRTBble pa3MepLl, MM
AJIIIHa 1250 1850 1850 2100
mnpBBa 750 1100 1200 1500
BbtCOTa 1200 1410 1410 1650
Macca, T 1.1 2 1.6 2.3
47
,I( B H raT e JI H n 0 C TOR H H 0 rOT 0 K a. tJHCJIO 060pOTOB p;BHraTeJIeH
nOCTORHHoro TOKa aaBHCHT OT HanpRmeHHR 06MOTKH Bos6ymp;eHHR H HanpRmeHHR
Ba 1'IIwpe. ,I(JIR qepBR'IHLIX MamHH npHMeHRIOTCR mYHTOBLIe )J.BHraTeJIH nOCTORH-
Boro TOKa C p;HanaaOHOM peryJIHpOBaHHR qaCTOTLI Bpam;eHHR OT 1 : 3 p;o 1 : 5.
Hx npeHMym;ecTBo aaKJIIOqaeTCR B TOM, qTO OHH 06eCne'lHBaIOT nOCTORHHYIO, Beaa-
BHCHMyIO OT HarpyaKH qaCToTy Bpam;eHHR qepBRKa.
,I(BHraTeJIH nOCTORBHoro TOKa B COqeTaHHHC npe-
o 6 pas 0 BaT e JI R M H C H C T e M LI B a p P; - JI e 0 Hap P; 0 (M 0 TOp -
r e H e paT 0 p - MOT 0 p). 3TH npHBop;LI npHMeBRIOTCR, Korp;a Tpe6yeTcR
nJIaBHOe 6eccTyneH'IaToe peryJIHpOBaBHe qaCTOTLI Bpam;eHIDI B p;HanasOHe OT 1 : 10.
,I(BHraTeJIH nOCTORHBoro TOKa C 3JIeKTpOHBIo1M
per y JI H P 0 B a H HeM (JIaMnOBLIMH HJIH KpeMHeBLIMH BLInpRMHTeJIRMH-
THpaTpOHaMH). IlpIDfeBeHHe TaKHX BLInpRMHTeJIeH P;JIR HaMeHeBIDI BanpRmeHIDI
B CO'leTaHHH C myuTOBLIMH p;BHraTeJlJJMH, y KOTOpLIX BanpRmeHHe perYJIHpyeTcR
Ha RKope, npH 60JIl.mHx MOm;BOCTRX 3KOHOM:uqHO; qaCToTy Bpam;eBIIR p;BHraTeJIR
MO)lmO HSMeHRTb B p;HanaaOBe 1 : 100.
,I( B H raT e JI H n e p e M e H H 0 rOT 0 K a. IlpIDfeHRIOTCR KOpOTKO-
aaMKHyTLIe MOTOpLI co cTyneH'IaTLIM HaMeHeHHeM '1aCTOTLI Bpam;eBIIR nYTeM nepe-
RJIIO'IeHHR nOJIIOCOB. tJaCTOTY Bpam;eHHR TaKHX 3JIeKTpO,ll;BHraTeJIeii MomHO HS-
MeHRTb B p;HanaaOBe 1 : 4.
Pe,ll;yKTophI. Bo BceX qepBR'lHLIX MamHHax, BLInYCKaeMlolX OTeqeCTBeHBLlMH
saBop;aMH, P;JIR nOHHmeHHR qaCTOTLI Bpam;eHHR npHBop;Horo 3JIeKTpOp;BHraTeJIR p;o
qaCTOTLI Bpam;eHHR qepBRKa ynoTpe6JIRIOTCR pe)J.yRTopLI P;BYX TJlDOB: a) ropHSOH-
TaJIbHLIe
HJIHBp;pH'IeCKHe P;ByxcTyneH'IaTLIe C sa
enJIeHHeM HOBHKoBa ([(,I(H)
C nepep;aTO'lHLIM OTHomeBlleM OT 10 p;o 20, KOTopLIe pacnOJIaraIOTCR BHe Kopnyca
MamHHLI; 6) BepTHKaJIbBlole
HJIHHp;p:uqeCKHe P;ByxcTyneH'laTLIe C aa
enJIeHHeM
HOBHKoBa ([(,I(HB), BCTpoeHHLIe B Kopnyc MamHHLI,
DJIHBP;p KOTOpOH npHcoep;H-
HReTCR Top
eBLIM <pJIaH
eM K KOpnyCY pep;YKTopa. B 3TOM CJIyqae BLIXOP;HOH BaJI
pe)J.YKTopa p;eJIaeTCR nOJILIM H B Hero saxop;HT
an<pa qepBRKa.
3y6'1aTLIe KOJIeCa pep;YKTopa BLInOJIHRIOTCR HS CTaJIH 45X HJIH 45 H HMeIOT
KOCOH HJIH meBpoHHLIH ay6. ,I(JIR He60JIbmHX pep;YKTopOB npHMeHReTCR KapTepHaR
CMaaKa HJIH CMaaKa paa6pLIarHBaHHeM, P;JIR KpynHLIx peAYKTopOB - npHBYP;HTeJIb-
HaR CMaaKa OT Cnen;HaJIbHOrO MaCJIRHOrO Bacoca. B pRp;e MamHH npIDfeHReTCR
6JIOKHPOBO'lHOe YCTPOHCTBO, BLIKJIIO'IaIOm;ee npHBop;HOH 3JIeKTpop;BDraTeJIb B CJIY-
qae nepepLIBa B nocTynJIeBJIH CMaaKH B pep;YKTOp.
TeXHH'IeCKaR xapaKTepHCTHKa op;HO'lepBRqHLIX MamHH TenJIOrO nHTaHHR,
BLlDYCKaeMLIX OTe'leCTBeHHLIMH aaBop;aMH, npHBep;eHa B Ta6JI. 2.1. ¥ Bcex 3THX
lIfamllH p;aBJIeHHe napa P;JIR 060rpeBa paBHO 0,4-0,8 MIla, BOp;LI p;JIR OXJIamp;eHHR-
0,3-0,4 MIla, Boap;yxa p;JIR paCnLIJIeHHR TaJIbKa H KpenJIeHHR npo<pHJIHpyrom;eH
maii6bI - 0,6 MIla; npep;eJI perYJIHpOBaHHR Ter.mepaTypLI COCTaBJIReT (30-;-
-:- 140):!: 1 °C; peryJIHpOBaHHe TeMnepaTypLI rOJIOBKH - aBTOMaTH'IeCKOe,
H-
JIHHp;pa H qepBRKa - pY'lHoe npH nOMOm;H BeHTHJIeH.
2.4. ABYXLlEPBRLlHblE MAWHHbl
,I(JIR nepepa60TKH nop;orpeTbIx 0c.060
KeCTKHX pesHBoBLIx cMeceH Ha oCIlOBe
'<PTOpHCTLIX KayqyKoB H mnpH
eBaHHR peaHBoBLIX TeXlUl'leCKHX HSp;eJIHii B OTe-
'1eCTBeHHoH npOMLImJIeHHOCTH HHorp;a npHMeHRIOTcR MamJilJlLt C P;ByMR '1epBRKaMH,
pacnOJIOmeBBLIMH B BepTHKaJIbBOH nJIOCKOCTH, - MtJT-2-63. ,I(HallfeTp qepBRKOB
63 MM. PerYJIHpOBaBHe qaCTOTLI Bpam;eHHR '1epBRKOB 6eccTyneH'laTOe, OXJIamp;e-
HHe ocym;eCTBJIReTCR XOJIOP;HOH BOp;OH. PerYJIHpOBaBHe TeMnepaTypHoro pemBMa
rOJIOBKH - aBTOMaT:uqecKoe, I\1IJIHHp;pa H '1epBRKa - pyqHoe. TeMnepaTypa B ro-
JIOBKe saMepReTCR npH nOMOm;H TepMonapLI. MamlIBlo1 060PYP;YIOTCR cHCTeMOH
50
DSMepeHD1'I AaBJIeHH1'I B rOJIOBKe. HDme npDBO)J.HTC1'I TeXHD'IeCKa1'l XapaKTepDCTDKa
ABYX'IepBJI1IHLIX MamDH TenJIOrO nDTaHD1'I MtJT-2-63:
HB,lI;eKC MamRBbI
'IepBIIKR
TRO . . . .
'1RCJIO, lOT. ........
AUaMeTp, MIl . . . . . . . .
)J.JIRBa HapeaaBBOB '1aCTR, MM
OTBOmeBRe L: D . . . . . .
'1aCTOTa Bpam.eH1lIl, 06/MRB
060rpeB
DepBIAHLIii .......
pa601QlB . . . . . . . . .
Dpe,ll;eJl perYJIBpOBaBR1I TeMOepaTypbt,
o C ...............
3J1eKTpO,ll;BRraTeJIb
TRD . . . . . . . . . . .
MOIIlBOCTb, KBT .....
'1aCTOTa Bpam.eBRII, 06/MRB
PeAYKTOp ........
ra6apHTBLle paaMepLl, MIl
,lI;JJRBa .
mRpRBa
BLiCOTa
Macea, T
512502
QRJlRBAPR1J6CKRi
C marOM BapeaKR
32, 25, 20 MM R
rJIy6JfBOB BapeaKR
12 MIl
2
63
300
4.76
40
242011
ROH1l'leCKR-
U. HJlRB APR1JecKm'i
2
63
190
3
5-23
DapOM ropJl'leii BO,ll;oii
roplJllei BO
OB
140 :t 1
D-62
14
1500
TpexcTyoeB'laTLlB
cDeu.RaJIbBbtB
2040
805
1385
2,365
(30+ 1oo):t 1
D-62
14
1500
CDeu.RaJlbm.tii'
2000
1100
1370
1,838
2.5. LlEPBflLlHblE MAWHHbI XOnOAHOrO nHTAHHfI
OAHDM DS nepCneKTDBHLIX HanpaBJIeHDD AaJIbHeDmerO paSBDTD1'I KOllCTpyKIJ,Di'
'IepB1'I'IHLIX MamBH 1'IBJI1'IeTC1'I cosAaHDe MaDIBH, He Tpe6yIOID;DX npeABapBTeJIbBOrO
nOAorpeBa nepepa6aTLIBaeMLIX peSDHOBLIX CMeceD. MamDBLI TenJIorO nDTaBll1'l
yme CeD'IaC BLITeCH1'IIOTC1'I 'IepB1'I'IHLIMD MamBHaMD XOJIO)J.Boro DBTaHBJI. 3T0 06'L1'IC-
H1'IeTC1'I p1'l)J.OM nplPlBH.
DOAaBaeMa1'l B MamBHY XOJIOAHa1'l peSBHOBa1'l CMeCb 60JIee OABopOAHa no iIJIac-
TB'lBOCTB B TeMnepaType, 'IeM CMeCb, pasorpeora1'l Ha BaJIb
ax. BJIarOAapJJ STOMY
nOJIyqeHBl>Ie mnpBD;OBaHHLIe sarOTOBKB DMeIOT 60JIee TO'lBI>Ie paSMepLI no cpaBHe-
HDIO C sarOTOBKaMB HS npe)J.BapHTeJIbHO pasorpeTOD CMeCB. DpB nepepa60TKe XO-
JI0ABI>IX peSDHOBLIX CMeceD 06JIer'laeTC1'I aBTOMaTBSa
B1'I nBTaHB1'I 'IepBJI1IHLIX
MaDIBH, JIyqme BCnOJIbsyeTc1'I npOBSBOACTBeHHa1'l nJIOID;aAb, COKpam;aeorC1'I CTOD-
MOCTb YCTaHOBKH, paCXOA 3BeprDB H BOALI, yMeHbmaIOTC1'I saTpaTLI TpYAa B ynpo-
ID;aIOTC1'I TpaBcnopTHLIe CHCTeMLI. KpOMe Toro, 'IepB1'I'IBaJJ MamBHa XOJIo)J.Boro
nDTaHB1'I MomeT 6LITb YCTaHOBJIeHa HesaBBCBMO OT BaJIb
OB, T. e. npOBSBOACTBO
mnpB
OBaHHLIX DSAeJIBD MomHO OTAeJIBTb OT BSrOTOBJIeHB1'I CMeceD. BJIarOAap1'l
DCKJIIO'IeHDIO npeABapDTeJIbHOrO nOAorpeBa CHBmaIOTC1'I nOTepD pesmu.t BCJIeA-
CTBBe npemAeBpeMeHBOD nOABYJIKaHBsan;:nB.
B 'IepBJJ'IHOD MaDIBHe XOJIOAHOrO nHTaHD1'I peSBHa pasorpeBaeTC1'I B CaMOD:
MamBHe B pesyJIbTaTe YBeJIH'IeHB1'I AJIHHLI 'IepBJJRa B
BJIBHApa, a TaKme YBeJIlPle-
HB1'I MOID;HOCTH. TaK KaK B :&IamBDe XOJIOAHOrO nBTaHD1'I 06pa6aTLIBaeMI>Iii MaTepBaJI
AOJImeH He TOJIbKO mnpH
eBaTbC1'I, HO B paBHOMepHO nporpeBaTbCJJ AO Beo6xo,JJ;DMoD:
TeMnepaTypLI AJI1'I AOCTDmeHB1'I onpeAeJIeHHOD B1'ISKOCTD, TO paBHOMepB8JJ TeMIIepa-
Typa
BJIBHApa O'leHb BamHa AJI1'I 06eCne'leHB1'I rOMoreHBOCTB CMeCB. DOSTOMY
M
B r.lamHHaX XOJIOAHOrO nHTaHHJI, KaK npaBDJIO, npeAycMaTpHBaeTCJI aBTOMaTH-
1.IeCKaJl CDCTeMa peryJIUpOBaHDJI TeMnepaTypLi CTeHOI(
HJIHHApa C YCTPOHCTBOM
HeCKOJIbKDX HeSaBHCHMLlX SOH OXJIamAeHHJI nyTeM
pKyJIJI
DH B HOX OXJIamAa-
IOII\eii BOAI>I OT OT)J.eJIbHLlX AJIJI KamAOH SOHLI
DPKYJIJlWIOHHLlX BaCOCOB. OTHOmeHDe
]I,JIIIHbI 'IepBJlKa K ero AuaMeTpy B TaKDX MamDHax BaXOADTCJI B npeAeJIaX OT 1 : 12
]1,0 1 : 16.
IIpoHsBo,D;DTeJIbHocTb MamDH XOJIOAHOrO nHTaHDJI SHa'lDTeJIbHO orpaHD'ID-
BaeTCJI MaKCHMaJIbHO AonycTDMOH TeMnepaTypoH mnpD
eBaHHJI. 3HeprHJI npDBOAa,
nepeAanaeMaJl 'IepBJlKOM B BDAe TenJIOBOH 3HeprDD mnpD
yeMOMY MaTepUaJIy,
lfaCTOJIbKO BeJIDKa, 'ITO 2/3 ee npDXOADTCJI OTBOADTb 'Iepes CHCTeMY OXJIamAeHDJI
J
UJIHH,D;pa. OTBOA TaKoro 60JIbmOrO KOJID'IeCTBa TenJIa npeACTaBJIJleT SHa'lDTeJIb-
HI>Ie TPYAHOCTD.
Ha npOHSBOADTeJIbHOCTb OKaSLIBalOT pemalOII\ee BJIDJlHDe TPD napaMeTpa -
)J.HaMeTp 'IepBJlKa, 'IaCTOTa ero BpaIl\eHDJI H rJIy6DHa BapeSKH.
IIpD YBeJIlPleHDD ADaMeTpa 'IepBJlKa C
eJIblO nOBLIDleHDJI npODSBOADTeJIb-
HOCTD 'IepBJI1IHOH MamDHLI eIl\e 6L1CTpee BospaCTalOT TenJIOBLIAeJIeHDJI, IIpD OAHOH
II TOB iI(e npOHSBOADTeJIbHOCTD TenJIOBLIAeJIeHDJI TeM HDme, 'IeM MeBbme 'IDCJIO
060pOTOB 'IepBJlKa. II03TOMY CTpeMJlTCJI COXpaHDTb 'IDCJIO 060pOTOB BOSMomHO
fUISKBM. ¥BeJIlPleBDe rJIy6DBLI HapeSKD cnOC06CTByeT nOBLImeBDIO npODSBOAHTeJIb-
IfOCTH H YMeHbmeHDIO TenJIOBLlA6JIeBHH. AJIJI 'IepBJlKa C nOCTOJlHHLlM marOM B Ma-
mHHax XOJIOAHOrO nDTaHHJI npeAeJIOM YBeJIH'IeHDJI rJIy6DBLI pesb6L1 JlBJIJleTCJI
HepaBHOMepHOCTb nporpeBa MaTepDaJIa, T. e. BaJID'IDe BenporpeTLIX CJIOeB ero,
a npH YBeJID'IDBaIOII\eMCJI mare - npO'lHOCTb BDTKOB. BJlSKOCTb MaTepDaJIa TaKme
BJIDJleT Ha TenJIOBLIAeJIeHDJI. II03TOMY ,neCTKDe CMeCD (HanpDMep, nOAomBeHHbIe)
peKoMeBAyeTcJI nepeA nOAa'leH B MamHHy nporpeBaTb, nponYCKaJl DX 'Iepes BaHHY
C HarpeToii BOAoii.
TaKHPo! 06paSOM, B MamHHax XOJIoAHoro nHTaHHJI HCKJIIO'IDTeJIbHO BamHylO
pOJIJ> nrpaeT KOHCTPYK
HJI 'IepBJlKa. OHa )..(OJImHa cnoc06CTBOBaTb nOHDmeHHIO
'I'enJIOBLIAeJIeHHii, DCKJIIO'IaTb BJIDJlHHe nJIOXOH TeDJIOnpOBOAHOCTH peSImbI D 06ec.
ne'lDBaTb He06xOADMYlO rOMoreBBOCTb mnp
yeMoH MaCCLI.
Ha pDC. 2.7, a nOKaSaBLi paSJID'IHLle KOHCTpyK
HD 'IepBJlKa D nOCTeneHHoe
COBepmeBCTBOBanne DX reOMeTplPlCCKOii <pOpMLI AJIJI MamDH XOJIOAHOrO nH-
TaHDJI.
KOpOTKDH 'IepBJlK (L = 6D) C nOCTOJlHHLlM marOM D 60JIbmOH rJIy6HHoii
HapeSKH (1) DHorAa npIDIeHJleTCJI B Ka6eJIbHOH npOMbImJIeBHOCTD, HO npB HHSKDX
AaBJIeHDBX D }KeCTKHX CMeCBX TaKDe 'IepBJlKH He 06eCne'lBBa1OT He06xOABMYlO
rOMoreHHOCTb mnpD
OBaHHOH MaCCLI. 3TO 06'.bJlCHJleTCJI HDSKOH TenJIOnpOBOAnocTblO
peSJIHOBLIX cMeceH D He)J.ocTaTO'lHOii npoAomI\DTeJIbHOCTblO 06pa60TKB CMeCH.
¥)J.JIBHeHHhIH 'IepBBK (L = 10D) C HerJIy60KoH pesb60ii n YMeHbmalOII\HMCJI
marOM (2) HameJI npDMeHeBDe B paSJID'IHblX MamHHax peSDHOBoro npOHSBOACTBa.
Ho no cpaBHeHDIO C 'IepBJI'IHbIMD MamBHaMIf Termoro nBTaHBJI npODSBOp;nTeJIb-
HOCTb MamBH XOJIOAHOrO nDTaHDJI C TaKBMB 'IepBJlKaMB SHa'lDTeJIbHO HBme. 06'.beM
CMeCH, nOAaBaeMoH 3TDMH 'IepBJlKaMB, JleAOCTaTO'leH D, KpOMe Toro, us-sa onac-
HOCTH YBeJIlPleHHJI TenJIOBLIAeJIeHD OHn He MoryT pa60TaTb Ha BLiCOKBX CKOpOCTJlX.
TaKIIM 06paSOM, 'IT06L1 06ecne'IHTb BLiCOKYIO npOBSBOABTeJIbHOCTb MaIDBHbI
XOJIO)J.Horo nDTaHUJI, xopomDH OTBOA TenJIa D Heo6xoADMYlO rOMoreHHOCTb CMeCH
B)J.YT Ha YBeJIlPleHHe AJIJlHLI 'IepBJlKa, rJIy6HJlLI ero HapeSKIf D BBOAJlT Cne
HaJIbHLlii
yqacToK HapeSKD. HaSHa'leHBe 3Toro yqacTK8 - nepeMemDBaHDe CJIOeB MaTepDaJIa,
pacnOJIOmeHHbIX 6JIDme 'k OCD 'IepBJlKa, cnoc06cTBYlOII\ee pasorpeBY 3TDX CJIOeB.
qepBJlKD 3, 4, 5 C TaKDMD yqacTKaMH DMelOT cYIl\ecTBeHHbIH HeAOCTaTOK, SaKJIIO-
'IaIOII\BHCJI B TOM, 'ITO 3TD yqacTKD, pa60TaJl I\aK pOTOpbI CMeCDTeJIJI, 06JIaA81OT
O'leHb HDSKOH TpaHcnopTDpYIOII\eii cnoc06HOCThlO. B pesyJIbTaTe CMeCb 'Iepes
YKasaHHLIe yqacTKD AOJImHa npOTaJIKDBaTbCJI nOA AaBJIeHDeM, BCJIeACTBDe 'Iero
-YCDmmaIOTCJI TenJIOBLIAeJIeHDJI B AaHHOH SOHe, saTpYAHJleTCJI OTBOA TenJIa B aTOM
.')2
1
2
J -
,
5
S .
a.
1- 0
-
f\
.
To
6
PRC. 2.7. PaaJIJ!1DILle KOBCTp
RB '1epBJlKOB MamBB XOJIOABOrO DBTa&BJI:
a - TB1IbI qepBIiKOB; 6 - 8J1eMeRT lIapeaRH nepeMemnBaJOtnel'O yqaCTKa;
1 - qepBJIK C DOCTOIiHIfIIIM maroM; 2 - qepBIIK C nporpeCCHBIlO YMellbtnaJOtnHMCII marm..; a, 4 -
'lePIIIKB C nepeMemHBaJOonDm 'Y'IaCTRaMH B nporpeccHBllo YMellbm3lOtnHMCII maroM; 5 - qepBIiK C De-
,peMeDmB3I01I1BM 'Y'IaCTKOM B DOCTOIIIIRbIM maroM; 6 - qepBIIIC C 1\onOnllllTenblloft aapeaKoft.
MeCTe B DeperpeBaeTC1I CTeHKa BJIBH,lJ;pa. OTMe1JeHHhlB He,lJ;OCTaTOK OC06eHHO'
Dp01lBJI1IeTC1I DPH 60JIbmOM ,lJ;BaMeTpe 1JepB1IKa.
B HaCT01l ee BpeM1I CKOHCTpYBpOBaH 1JepB1IK, BMeIO BB BhlCOKyIO DpOB3BO-
,lJ;BTeJIbROCTb DPB CpaBHBTeJIbHO RB3KBX TeMDepaTypax mDp eBaHB1I, 06ecDe-
1JBBaIO xopomyIO rOMOreRB3a IO CMeCB KaK DPB MBRBMaJIbRhlX, TaK B DPB
MaKCBMaJIbRhlX 1JaCTOTaX Bpa eHB1I, D03BOJI1I1O BB Depepa6aThlBaTb JII06h1e CMeCB
(OT 100% HK,lJ;o 100% CK) B xopomo CaMOO1JBJIJ;aIO BC1I DPB B3MeHeRB1I pe eDTa
CMeCB. Y 1JepB1IKa 3Toro TBDa Ra1JaJIO ,lJ;ODOJIHBTeJIbHOB Rape3KB (pBC. 2.7, 6)'
COOTBeTCTByeT MaKCBMaJIbHOB rJIy6BRe OCHOBROB RapesKB, KOTOpa1l ,lJ;aJIee YMeHb-
maeTC1I ,lJ;0 RYJI1I, B TO BpeM1I KaK rJIy6BRa ,lJ;ODOJIHBTeJIbROB Hape3KB YBeJIB1JBBaeTC1I.
TpaHCDopTBpyeMhlB MaTepBaJI DpOXO,lJ;BT 1Jepe3 3a30p a Mem,lJ;y ,lJ;BYM1I BBTKaMB
B CTeHKOB BJIBH,lJ;pa, MHorOKpaTHO DepeMemBBa1lCb.
DBTaRBe MamBH XOJIoAHoro DBTaHB1I MomeT DpOB3BO,lJ;BTbC1I JIeRTaMB C K8Ty-
meK BJIB rpaHY JIaMB, DO,lJ;aBaeMhlM1I B3 6YRKepa JIeHT01JHhlMB BJIB BB6paI(DOH-
Rhll.(B nBTaTeJI1IMB. BOSMomHOCTb ,lJ;OCTaBJI1ITb rpaHY JIhI K MamBBe DHeBMOTpaHC-
DOpTOM 06JIel'1JaeT DBTaHBe 1JepB1I1JHhlX MamBB, YCTaHaBJIBBaeMhlX Ra DepeKphl-
TB1IX MHor03TamHhlX 3,lJ;aHBB.
B CCCP BhlDycKaIOTc1I 1JepB1I1JHhle MamBBhI XOJIO,lJ;ROro DBTaRB1I MqX-63,.
MqX-90 B MQX-125. (f)uPMhI KaDBTaJIBCTB1JeCKBX CTpaH BhlDYCKalOT MamBBbI!
XOJIoABoro DBTaHB1I C 1JepB1IKOM ,lJ;BaMeTpOM OT 45 ,lJ;0 300 MM B OTHomeRBeM L : D-
OT 10 ,lJ;0 20. QepB1I1JHUe MamBHhI XOJIO,lJ;HorO DBTaHB1I BhlDYCKaIOTC1I TaKme 3aBO-
,lJ;8MB QCCp B DHP C 1JepB1IKOM ,lJ;BaMeTpOM 63, 90, 125 MM.
DpB O,lJ;HBX B Tex me ,D;JIaMeTpax 1JepB1IKa MamBHhI XOJIO,lJ;ROro DDTaHB1I DO-
Tpe6JI1IIOT 60JIbmyro MO OCTb (Ra 20-25%), BMeIOT MeHbmyro DPOBSBO,lJ;BTe':JJ,-
HOCTb (Ha 15-20%), 60JIbmyIO Maccy (Ha 20-30%) B HeCKOJIbKO 60JIbmyIO CTOB-
MOCTb, 1JeM MamBBhI TeDJIOrO DBTaRD1I.
HecMoTp1l Ha 3TO, MaDmHhI TeDJIOrO DBTaHB1I Bce 60JIbme BhlTeCR1IIOTC1I MamB-
RaMB XOJIO,lJ;HorO DBTaHB1I. HaDpBMep, B 1969 r. nmYCK MamBB XOJIO,lJ;HOro DBTa-
HB1I B CllIA COCTaBBJI 90% OT 06 ero DpOB3BO,lJ;CTBa 1JepB1I1JBhlX MamBB. CpeAB
Bcex 1JepB1I1JHhlX MamBH, BhlDYCKaeMhlX <}IBpMOB «BepcTop<}l<}l» (cI>pr), 70% COCTaB-
JI1IIOT MamBHhI XOJIO,lJ;Horo DBTaHH1I.
2.6. LlEPBflLlHblE MAWHHbI XOnOAHOrO nHTAHHfI
C BAKYYM-OTCOCOM
QepB1I1JHhle MamBBl>l XOJIO,lJ;HOro DDTaHB1I C BaKYYM-oTCOCOM (MQXB) Dpe,lJ;-
Ra3Ha1JeHhI ,lJ;JI1I B3rOTOBJIeHB1I 6ecDopBcThlX DpO<}lBJIBPOBaHHhlX B3,lJ;eJIJm, BYJIKa-
. HB3yeMhlx DPB aTMoc<}lepRoM ,lJ;aBJIeHBB, B ,lJ;JI1I ,lJ;ere38 BB pe3BHoBhlX cMeceB.
B pe3yJIbTaTe pa30rpeBa CMeCB DPB 06pa60TKe ee B 1JepB1I1JHOB MamBHe 06p8-
3YIOTC1I JIeTY1JBe Be eCTBa, KOTophle Re06xo,lJ;BMO y,lJ;aJIBTI>. B DpOTBBROM cJIY1Jae
DPB BYJIKaHB3a B1I 3arOTOBKB 6e3 BHemHero ,lJ;aBJIeHB1I 06pa3YIOTc1I DOphl, yXY,lJ;-
maIO e Ka1JeCTBO rOTOBhlX B3,lJ;eJIBB. B MamBHax MQXB pe3BHOBa1l CMeCb Haxo-
,lJ;BTC1I DO,lJ; BaKYYMoM B ,lJ;era3BpyeTc1I. Do 3TOB DpB'IBHe MamBH MQXB BHOr,lJ;a,
H83h1BaIOTC1I ,lJ;era3a BORHhlMB.
DpBH DBaJIbHa1l cxeMa YCTpoBcTBa 1JepB1I1JHOB M8mBHhI XOJIoABoro DBTaHB1I
C BaKYYM-oTCOCOM DOKasaRa Ha pBC. 2.8 OTHomeHBe ,lJ;JIBHhI 1JepB1IKa K ero ,lJ;Ba-
MeTpy B 3rnx MamBHax DpBBBMaeTC1I paBHhlM 16. QBJIBH,lJ;P MamBBhI KaK 6h1 p8S-
,lJ;eJIeH Ha TPB 30HhI: 30Ha 3arpY3KB A, SORa BaKyYMBpOBaHB1I (,lJ;era3a B) B B 30Ha
,lJ;OSBpOBaHB1I B. B 30He BaRYYMBpOBaRB1I Hape3Ky 1JepB1IKa ,lJ;eJIalOT 60JIee rJIy60-
KOB BJIB me DPB HeB3MeRROB rJIy6BHe Hape3KB YBeJIB'IBB8IOT mar pe3b6h1 (pBC.
2.8, a). HRor,lJ;a YBeJIB'IBBaIOT B ,D;JIaMeTp 1JepB1IKa B 3TOB SOHe (pBC. 2.8, 6). 06'Lel\l
3TOB SOHhI ,lJ;OJImeR 6h1Tb 3aDOJIHeR 06pa6aThlBaeMhlM MaTepBaJIOM He 60JIee 1JeM
ua 50%, 1JTO ,lJ;OCTBraeTC1I YCTaHoBKoB pa3,lJ;eJIBTeJIbHorO ROJIb a, OrpaHB'IHBaIO ero
DOCTYDJIeHBe CMeCB B3 3arpY301JROB SOHhI. KOJIb O BhlHym,lJ;8eT pe3BBOBYIO CMeCb
54
ii
;<
I:"
:e!
-
i
t
l/JI
III
II
CI
II:
II
II
III
Jo
.
a
'"
II::
g:
H
:I
I
s
!
,II::
fC
!.
,
I
12
III
II
1111:"
:-:.a
8-
II::
II::
(')
S
!
t'
IS
:::s-II
::s
!
IS
E...II
i
I
:I
... ...
...
,
::!!
.
...,
...
-
I
:s
e:>
0>
.
:s
...
...
,
!XI
:s
e:>
...,
!XI
M
:s
e:>
...
...
I
!XI
:s
...,
C'I
-
I
!XI
:s
e:>
0>
,
!XI
:s
1
I
..
GIGI
IO
o
'......
r-.I
CIS+I
I 1 ... II'
0:-
II::
('\;I.... = 4)
GlI:I
ur-. 1:1
0"" ;.,
8
1J....
-
t)
...
r-.
o
U")O I
....
....
...
I
...
""
"'
o7
<:O<:O"'
I
o
...
...
""
-
-
<:O
- I
""
-
o
-
-
-
:15
II
EI
III
"
Q
S 0:
0:{ IQ
11:1 i"
:S::::J"
=-
..
Q
CIS
II'
.= c;
11:1 .. 0>
:g
!
i:g,eQ,
CIS ... IQ
Q, 11:1 = CIS
t CIS
...
! a
I:{ I:{ 0 II'
gj
:II
.....
10
o
>.
...
Q
Q
GIGI
10 0
, ... ...
o CIS +1
.. II' 0
111=
II' GI ...
:1:1
t:I
;.,
...
t)
GI
o
...
III
II'
III
GI
1:1
;.,
...
Q
Q
GI
III
o
Q,
o
\0
o
CIS
:3
1:1
II'
4)
=
CIS
IQ
o
Q,
11:1
"'=
;.,
GI
Q,
-
+I
-
I
I
...
+1
-
I
...
00'1'
::t
Q:I
+I
-
...
+1
-
:e
t- ,
::t
Q:I
...
:e
::t
Q:I
+t
-
:e
::t
Q:I
...
:e
... ,
::t
Q:I
+1
...
CII
t) ><
o
:i
Q,
1:' CIS
CIS
Q,Q,
0>
t:I cu
:; = CIS
g, g:
po. IQ
==
0> Q,
::; t:I
,.Q ,.Q
Q, po. "'=
= 8po.Q
;
8
0 S II
Q, "Ii ':' I:(
tI:
f =-m >:
Q,
::II;
=0 Q:lCI;)
I
I
U")
""
I :t I
""
I ;i I
I I I
55
..,
g
=-...
U")$(
=r-.
:g
= -
t-U")$(
· «:\1" u=s
= ...
gj
po. 11:1
.
a-
CIS
Q,
IQ
8 :!
11:1 0
1:1
t
" :
11:1
=:
::II
.....
. '8
52
-
U")""
..,
-
<:0 00 U")'"
... ...
OOU")..,
cQ
......
J J J I
g2c..
t-..,..,U')
..,
-
2
.-:.
""
55
<:o
U')oo..,..,
...-
:i
i"
:II!
co'
CIS
Q,
GI
:zI
i!!
III
Q,
CIS
10
CIS
CIS CIS
:3 = po. po.
1IQ,8
:i;
';
8
CIS
:e
.,;
...
=
101
e:>
...,
C'<I
,
:s
...
,
m
a
cu
.
4>
=
;!
<II
:c
t
4>
s:>.
..
4>
a-
Il:
III
!XI
.
nepeXOAHTh B 30BY BaKyYMHpOB8BHB TOnhKO B BHAe TOBKOB nneBKB. 06nerqaa
TeM C8MhlM Aera38D;BIO pe3BBhI. KpOMe TOrO. paSAenBTenhBOe KOnhD;O cnY'RBT
SaTBOpOM, npenBTCTBYIOID;BM naAeBBIO BaKyYMa B SOBe B BcneAcTBBe nOAcoca
B03Ayxa B3 sarpY30'lBOB 30Bbl.
eras8D;HOHHaB SOBa B Coe,I(HHeBa C BaKyyM-BaCOCOM. KOTOphlii nOMepmB-
BaeT B BeB OCTaTO'lBOe AaBneBHe. paBBoe 175 MM pT. CT. B OTe'leCTBeBBhlX MamBBax
06h11JBO npBMeBBeTcB BBABBBAY8nhBhlB B3RyyM-B8COC BH-2Mr. nepeA KOTOphlM
yCTaBaBnBBaeTcB KOBAeBc8Top. oxnamAaeMhlii xonoABoii BOAOB, AnB KOB,IWBcaD;BD
napoB BOAhl B BBSKOKBnBID;Bx nnacTB«fIBKaTopOB.
MamBBhI MqXB, BhlnycKaeMhle OTe'leCTBeBHhlMB aaBoAaMB. BMeIOT '1empe
30BM 060rpeBa. HarpeB oCYID;eCTBnBeTCB D;HPKYJIJlpYIOID;eB BarpeToii BOAoii. a OX-
namAeBBe - xonoABoii BOAoB. nocTynaIOID;eB '1epes BnYCKBoii aneRTpOMarBBT-
Bhlii ImanaB aBTOMaTH'leCKOrO AeiicTBBB, KamA8B SOBa BMeeT OTAenhHhlB Bacoc
B npOTO'lBhlB BarpeBaTenh BOAhI (TepMOCTaT). PerynBpoBaBBe TeMnepaTyphl Kam-
JIOB SOBhI OCYID;eCTBnBeTCB aneKTpOBBhIM perynBTopoM, nony'l8IOIIJ,HM BMnynhc;
.
.
o
Pac. 2.8. CxeMa QepBJl1IBIoIX MaDIBB XOJIo
oro DBTa&IDI C BaRyyY-oTCOCOK
JJJI uepepa60T}U1
B AerasaqRB peaBBoBLIx CMeceit:
(A, B, B - COOTBeTCTlleRIIO aollW aarpyaKD, BallyyMBpOBaBJUI H A03BPOBaBJUI);
« - IIlIDIBBa C YBeJJII'IellJlJlDl maroll Bape3KR 'IepBRlta B aOBe BaKYYMDPOBaRBR; 6 - lllUIIIIBa r, YBenJllleBIIIDI
AB3M8TPQM '1epBIIKa B aOBe BaJCYJIIBPOBIlIIIIJI';
1 - a8l'pYlouoe O'I'BepCTlle; II - paaAemrreJII>BOe JCOJII>l!o; 8 - DaTPYGoJC AU DPBCOQBBeRIIR BaKJY1HPyGo-
IIpOBOAa.
OT TCpMOnap, BenpephlBBO B3MepBIOID;BX TeMnepaTYPY B KamAOB SOBe. TO'lBOCTb
perynBpOBaHBB (:t1 0c) 06eCne'lBBaeTCB cneD;BanhHhlM YCTpoiicTBOM.
TeXHB'IeCRaB XapaRTepBCTBKa OTe'leCTBeHBLIX '1epBB'lHHX MaDDWa XonOAHor&
nBT8BBB C BaKYYM-OTCOCOM (MqXB) B 6e3 BaRyyM-OTCOCOB (M'lX) npHBeAeBa
B Ta6n. 2.2.
2.7. LfEPBflLfHblE MAWHHbI Anfl nOArOTOBKH KAYLfYKOB
H PE3HHOBbiX CMECE
2.7.1. nnacTHKaTopbI
CYID;eCTBYIOT ABa MeTOAa nnaCTHRaD;HB R8yqyKOB - MeXaHB'IeCKBii B TepMO-
OKBCnBTeJIhBhIi. OCBOBBhlM BBJIBeTCB nepBhlii MeTOA. MeXaBJ:I1IeCKaB nnaCTBRaD;IDI
MomeT npOBSBOABThCB Ba BanhD;ax (CM. rn. 3), B aaKphlTI>IX peSHBOCMecmenBX
(CM. rn. 4) BnB B nnaCTBRaTOpaX '1epBB'IBOrO TBna. DnaCTBRaD;IDI KayqyKa B&
BanhD;8X npHMeBBeTCB nnDIh npB Be60nhmoM pacxoAe Kay'lYRa. 3TO 06'I>BCBBeTclI
ManOB npOBSBOABTenhBOCThIO BanhD;OB B BeAoCTaTO'lBOB Mex3BHsaD;HeB npoD;ecca
BanhD;eBaBBB. q8ID;e JInB nnaCTHKaD;BB KayqyKa nonhSYIOTCB SaKpHThlMB peSBBO-
CMeCBTenBMH nepBOAH'IeCKOrO AeiicTBBB. oc06eBBo C nOBhlmeBBoii '1aCTOTOB BpaID;e-
BBB pOTOpOB. Ha KpynBhlx mBBBhlX 3aBOAax B B npOBSBOACTBe peSBBOBhlX TeXHD-
5
oqeCKHX B3,D;eJIBH DPB 60JILmOllf p8CXO,D;e HK DpBMeHJlIOT '1epBJI'IHLle DJI8CTBK8TOphl,
D03BOJIJllO
Be DJI8CTBD,DpOB8Tb ,D;O 4000 Kr/'1 K8YQyK8.
qepBJI'IHhle DJI8CTIIK8TOpLI BhlDYCR8IOTCJI p83JIH'IBhlX KOHCTPyKD,Bii, o,D;BaKO
aaB60JIbmee p8CDpOCTp8HeHBe DOJIyqBJI ,D;BYXCT8,D;BHHhlH DJIaCTBKaTOp TBDa «rOp-
P;OH».
nJIaCTBKaTop BhlnycK8eTCJI B ,D;BYX BCDOJIHeHBJlX. nepBhlH TBU (c KpyrJIOB:
rOJIOBKoH) Dpe,D;Ha3H8'1eH ,D;JIJI nOJIyqeHBJI DJIaCTBKaT8 B BB,D;e pYK8Ba (,D;BaMeTpoM
150/40 MM), pa3pe3ae
lOro HomOM B,D;OJIb o6pa3YIO
eH. TaKoH DJIaCTBKaTOp DOKa-
3aH Ha pBC. 2.9. BOJIee COBepmeUHhlM JlBJIJleTCJI HaB60JIee pacDpocTpaHeHuhlH
:B HaCTOJl
ee BpeMJI DJIaCTBKaTOp BToporo THDa - C rOJIOBKOH ,D;JIJI DOJIY'leHBJI
DJI8CTHD,HpOBaHHoro K8Y'lyK8 B BR,D;e rpaHyJI.
nJI8CTBKaTop C '1epBJlKOM ,D;R8MeTpOM 2fY'/24" ,D;JIB BhlnYCK8 rp8HyJIBpOBaU-
Boro DJIaCTBK8T8 DOK83aH Ha pHc.2.10. 3TOT DJIaCTHKaTOp Dpe,D;CTaBJIJleT C060H
8
Pac. 2.9. llnaCTBKaTOp 20"/24- 4>apMbI «A. BpB,ll;ac» AJlJI BblDYCKa DJIaCTBRaTa B BBAe PYKaaa:
J - tlHna tlayqytla; 2 - aarpyao'lRaJI BOpORtla; 8 - B03Aym1IbIlt I\HnBRAp TOntlaTeM; 4 - 3aJ1HBI I(BJIBn;tIp;
6 - BHIIT perYJIBpOBtlB nonOltleHBII ROilla AM UOAPB3aRBJI MaCTBtlaTa; 6 - Depe.QRHIt I\HJlRHAP; 'I - ronOBtla;
8 - M3XOBntl; 9 - B03Aymm.rI I1n
p OTtlHAROI ABeptlR 3arpyao'lHoit BOpORtln; 10 - CTaRBRa.
O,D;HO'lepBJI'IHYIO MamOHY. Ha OCHOB8HBB 1 - M8CCHBHOH OTJIBBKe - CMOHTBPO-
B8HLI D,HJIBH,D;pbI H DO,D;mBDHHKH npBBO,D;HOH '1aCTH DJIaCTHKaTopa. KOPDYC MamBHbI
COCTOHT H3 Tpex OT,D;eJIbHbJX D,HJIHH,D;pOB B rOJIOBKH, COe.D;HHeHHbIX MeiR,D;y C060H
60JIT8l1fH Ha OpOKJI8AR8X. Bce D,BJIHll.D;phI H rOJIOBKa BhlnOJIHeHbI H3 CTaJIbHOrO
HTLB B nlClOT nOJIOCTB .D;JIJI DO.D;BO.D;a OXJIailt.D;8IO
eH BO,D;bI BJIB Dapa. BHYTpeHHHH
,D;BaMeTp D,BJIHU.D;p8 21 3arpY30'lHOH '1aCTB paBeH 600 MM. 38.D;HBH D,BJIHH.D;p 19
paCTO'leH Ha ,D;BaMeTp 550 lIfM B B Hero 3aopeCCOBaHa CTaJILHaJi rBJIb3a 18 (BuYTpeH-
HBD: ABaMeTp 500 MM, .D;.TIBH8 1060
m), HMeIOD.(8J1 BHYTPB Ha .D;JIHHe 400 MM JIeBYIO
pe3b6y. TBep,D;oCTb BHYTpeHHeH DOBepXHOCTH rB.TIL3bI HB 250-300. B Depe,D;HHH
HJIHH.D;p 16 3aDpeCCOB8Ha fHJIb38 15 B3 D,eHTpo6eiRHOfO CTaJIbHOro JIBTbB (BHYTpeH-
HBH ,D;H8MeTp 500 MM, .D;JIHHa 1067 MM). TBep,D;oCTb BHYTpeHHcH DOBCpXHOCTB
J'BJIb3bI HB 250-300.
rOJIOBKa 4 DJI8CTHK8Topa BbIOOJIHeHa D3 CTaJIbHOrO .JIHTbJl. <DJI8HeD, 5 (T8Kmc
H3 CTaJIbHOrO JIBTbJl) HMeeT pC3b6y H8 BHYTpeHHeH DOBepXHOCTB; B Hero BBepTM-
B8eTCJI rpaUYJIBpYlODtUD: D,BJIBH,D;p 7 B3 JICrBpOBaHHoH CTaJiB C 570 OTBepCTBJlMB
,AB8MeTpOM 14 MM, '1epe3 KOTopbIe DpO.D;aBJIHB8eTCJI IIJIaCTHD,HpOB8HHbID: K8Y'1yK.
nOBepxHocTb D,BJIHH,D;pa 3aKaJIBBaeTCJI .D;O TBep.D;OCTB HB 250-300 n a30TBpyeTcJI
lIa rJIy6Huy 0,8-0,9 MM. BOKpyr rp8HyJIBpYlO
ero D,HJIHH.D;P8 7 B KoplIyce B3
npoKaTa Bpa
aeTCJI pemy
ee YCTPOHCTBO C nJiTLIO 3aKpenJIeHHbIMR B HeM
57
2ii:i
:i l d
8&
iI:1D' '"
I",
!"'
I; .
;....ca ca :.:
i
iii
f5 O">EI
o 00'" "I:
r .. 0'
, ;,;t::
00 ;*
..1 oil!
i
@m;l
i5
:J
i18" ;,;
Ii I I :c..
2 "' j lll
::::: j :.:
11:....
"I",s:>.
>o;
!li.. 101 = I:;!;
f'
2g
I",o
;
...:C"'1:!o1ll
1:("0
..cu !!h:l
CIS <><;j'I>o=
:..<>o
:i!lt' I
2
I I::
gl::::t...
I>o",..;,;
iE...
:.:
8,;';ei Zi jJj
r
i
!!
,jj ,...gi'"
..:-:'1>0 .-
ID ..
Igj
O;J'sIOOI:!o
gj....OO
lot ,,=
.....g
>III 0&(; ..pI EI
41 11>o
=
I:r .. 1 11'.
f !
s::a.; 1:1..
=
:=I! I
i i l ii
-
ii! r l
..et:: !
J g r '" I g
« "'):I
s::a. Os"* ;;
.!i
._111
CIJ 1; <> "'I:!o
i ail!
CIJ 00 I
t'
'._&
1:10
... "-):I 0
g I:a
i
mf
"
c5 ! I
,f !g
i
,::"
'CTaJILHHMB BOmaMH, SaKaJIeBBLlMB P;O TBepp;OCTB HRC 60-65. Pemy ee YCTPOHCTBO
Bpa aeTCJI BMeCTe C '1epBJlKOM B KpeDBTCJI K BeMY BOceMLIO 60JITaMB p;BaMeTpOM
25 MM. KaY'lYK, BLIXOP;JI RH BS OTBepCTBH rpaBYJIBpyro erO I(IfJIBBp;pa 7, pemeTCJI
Bpa aIOIJJ;BMHCJI Boma fB Ba rpaHyJILI P;JIBBOH 20-25 MM, KOTopLle CCLlDaIOTCJI
liS Komyxa rpaBYJIBpYIO ero YCTpOHCTBa BBBS.
qepBJlK 14 DJIaCTBKaTopa, BLllIOJIBeBBLIH BS CTaJILBorO JIBTLJI, Bpa aeTCJI
B IfJIBBp;pe co CKOpOCTLIO 22,5 06/MJIJI (DoKaaaB OTp;eJILBO Ba pBC. 2.11). 3aaop
lIfeiI,p;y '1epBJlROM B rBJILaOH paBeB 0,8 MM. BBYTPB '1epBJlK paCTO'leB B BMeeT DO-
JIOCTL p;BaMeTpO f 152 MM P;JIJI DOp;a'lB oXJIamp;aIO eH BOP;LI BJIB Dapa. Ha Depep;-
BeM KOB e '1epBJlKa eCTL paCTO'lKa C pesL60H, B KOTOPYIO BBepTLlBaeTCJI coep;BBB-
TeJILBLIH mTyn;ep 13 (CM. pBC. 2.10) B Hacap;Ka 12. HaSBa'leBBe Bacap;KB - paBBO-
MepBO paCDpep;eJIJlTL DpOp;aBJIBBaeMLlH '1epea rOJIOBKY KaY'lyK DO BHyTpeHBeH
DOBepXHOCTB rpaHYJIBpYIO ero I(IfJIBHp;pa. BHYTPL Hacap;KB aaDpeCCOBaHa BTYJIKa
11 Ba MeKaHl'ITa; HapymHaJi 1I0BepxHocTL BTYJIKII 06paayeT OXJIamp;aIO Be KaHaJILI
;-
... ...
"'Ii>
135
PHG. 2.11. 'IepBJIK DJIaCTJlKaTOpa 20"/24":
, - aORa aU'P'Y8KB - OAH03aXOJUl3JI TJ)aneqeBAIWbRaJI peablla; 2 - aORa olipaGoTKB - TPeXa3XOJUl3JI DORY-
JCPyrJlas peabGa; 8 - aORa ynnOTHeHlfR - AsyxaaXOAHall TJ)aDBIleBA3JlbRall pe8bGa; 4 - paCTO'lKa DOlt aaca,lUQ';
Ii - tllJJaReq; 8 - OTBepcms DOli: Gom'hI I<peDnellllll; 1 - onepCTBJI DOA IDTBtTw.
B TeJIe HaCap;KB. HapymHLIH KOHe HaCap;KB, JlBJIJlIO BiiCJI ODOPOH '1epBJlKa, pa60-
TaeT B BLIHOCHOM DOp;mBDHBKe Ka'leHBJI 9 C BHYTpeHBBM p;BaMeTpOM 95 MM, Bapym-
HEoIM p;BaMeTpOM 240 MM II mBpl'IHOH 78 MM. npB MOHTame BLIBOCHOH DO,D;IIIBDHBR
OJImeB 6LITL O'leHL TO'lHO BLIBepeH DO OTHOmeHBIO K OCB '1epBJlKa BO Bs6emaBlle
>6LIcTporO HaHOCa B BOSHBKHOBeBBIO aap;BpOB B KopDyce DJIaCTBKaTOpa.
KOHe '1epBJlKa B SOHe aarpyaKB BMeeT 4>JIaBe 22 C aaTO'lKOH. 3TBM 4>JIaH eM
-qepBJlK DPB DOMO B p;eBJlTB 60JITOB p;BaMeTpOM 41 MM DpBcoep;BBeH R DpBBO,D;H0UY
Ba.JJy 25. Ha p;pyroM KOH e BaJIa Ha mDOHKe HacameHa Bep;OMaJi 60JILmaH meCTepHJI
27 DJIaCTBRaTopa. npBBOp;HOH BaJI (p;JIl'IHa 2844,8 MM, HapymHLlH P;RaMeTp 432
II 500 MM), BLIDOJIBeHHLlH Ba JIBTOH CTaJIB, pa60TaeT B p;nyx ODopmu pOJIBROBhIX
DOp;mBDHBRax. PaaMepLI DepBoro DO,D;IIIBDHBRa 29: BBYTpeBBBH p;BaMeTp 440 MM,
HapymHHH p;BaMeTp 660 MM, mRpBHa 152,4 MM; BToporo DOp;DmDHBKa 31 COOT-
BeTCTBeHHO: 508,0; 749,3 B 177,4 MM. OceBhIe YCl'IJIBJI BOCDpBHIIMaIOTCJI P;BOHm:.tM
ynopHLIM DOp;mBII1IBKOM 30, paCC'IBTaHHLIM Ha oceBoe YCBJIBe OT 1,59 p;o 1,84 MH.
nOBepXHOCTI> TpeHBJI Dop;mBDHBKa paBHa 4187 CM 2 B p;aBJIeHBe Ha DOBepXBOCTL -
4,33 Mna. Cpep;HJIJI '1aCTL Dop;mBDHBKa OXJIamp;aeTCJI BOp;OH. Pacxop; BO,D;hI 1300 JI/'1.
3arpyao'lHoe YCTPOHCTBO paSMe eHO Ha BepXHeM 4>JIaH e aarpyao'lHoro B-
JlRHp;pa 21 B COCTOBT BS HaDpaBJIJlIO BX B TOJIKaTeJIJI. Xop; TOJIKaTeJIJI 451 MM.
..!\aBJIeBBe cmaToro Boap;yxa B BJIHHp;pe - OT 0,55 p;o 0,65 Mna.
npBBOA DJIaCTl'IKaTOpa COCTOBT Ba CHHxpOBHoro 9JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIJI (MO HOCTL
562 RBT, '1aCTOTa Bpa eHBJI 600 06/MBH), op;HocTyneB'laToro D;BJIBBp;pB'leCROrO
peAYRTopa C nepep;aTO'lHHM '1BCJIOM 600 : 122,14 B DpBBOP;HOH mecTepHB, pa-
60TaIO eH B nape c mecTepHeH 27 DJIaCTBRaTopa.
nJIaCTBRaTOp pa60TaeT CJIep;YIO BM 06paaoM. KBDa KaY'lyKa sarpymaeTcJI
eJIl'IKOM B aarpYSO'lHoe OKBO B TOJIKaTeJIeM DOp;aeTCJI B aarpyso'lHLlH I(IfJIBHP;p 21"
59
rp;e 3aXBaThlBaeTCJI BHTKaMH 'IepBJlKa H npOp;aBJIHBaeTCJI B 3ap;RHD: mlRp;p If!
(RapeaKa Ra BRYTpeRHeD: nOBepXROCTH JIHRp;pa 06ecne'lBBaeT 60JIee HHTeRCHBEUdD:
3aXBaT H npOp;aBJIHBaRHe KaY'IYKa). B nepep;HeM HJIHRp;pe 16 KayqYR HCDLlThlBaeT
MHorOKpaTRhle p;eq,opMa RH cp;BHra; OTClOp;a OR nepep;aBJIHBaeTCB Rape3KOD: 'IepBJlKa
'Iepe3 rOJIOBKy B rpaHyJJHPYlO Hii HJIHHP;p 7.
TeXRH'IeCK<lJl xapaKTepHCTHKa nJIaCTHKaTopa 20"/24" npHBOp;BTCJI RRme;
IT pOllaBO RTeJJbROCTb, Kr /'1
qepBHK
1JJJCJIO . . . . . . . .
8MeTp, MM . . . . . . .
'18CTOT8 Bp8D(eHllJl, 06/MHB
Pacxo,q
OXJI8)1(,u.aIOlIleii BOAbl, U3/'1
Ba DJiaCTUK8TOP . . . .
ua YDOpBblii: Do nDHBK
Ba aJ)el'TpO BUraTeJIb
D8pa, Kr/'1
cpe,u;uuii . . . . . . . .
B Te'leURe DepBoro 'I8Ca
BOa,D.YX8, MS/MUB . .
A8BJIeuoe, MITa
OXJIa)l(A81OIIleii BOALI .
n8pa ........
BOa,D.YX8 . . . . . . .
3JIeKTpoABRraTeJIb DpRBORa
THO. . . . . .
3200-3850
1
506-609
22,5
8.2
1,3
6,6
30
600
2.8
0.4
0.6
0.6
r86apRTHble paSMepbl, MM
,ltJIHBa .
mopDBa
BLlCOTa
. CuBXPOUBLlii sa-
KpLlTLli, OXJIa1IQ.ta-
eULlii BOAOii
562
6000
600
nUJIHBAPDtJecKBii
oABocTyneu'IaTblii;
t =600: 122
13 055
3860
2892
MOIIlBOCTb, KBT ........
B8DpJl)l(eBRe DHTaIO ro TOKa, B
'I8CTOTa BpalIleBRJI, 06/..uo
PeAYKTOp .............
'.
2.7.2. rpaHymnopbl
JIB nOBhlmeHBB npOB3BOABTeJIhHOCTB pe3BHocMeCBTeJIeD: B COKpa eHBJI npo-
p;OJImmeJIhROCTB CMemeHBJI He06xop;BMa BhlCOKaB CTeneHh MexaHH3a HH H aBTO-
MaTH3a RB TeXHOJIOrlflleCKRX npo eCCOB npOH3Bop;CTBa peaHHOBhlX CMeCeD:.
Ha CMeRY OTp;eJIhHLfM MamBHaM nepHOp;lf'IeCROro p;eD:CTBHJI npHXOp;JlT aBTO-
MaTH3HpOBaHHhle JIHRBH HenpephlBHoro p;eBCTBHJI. B 3THX YCJIOBHJlX 'IeTKaJl H TO'lHaJl
aBTOMaTlPIeCKaJl paaBeCKa H p;oaHpOBKa 3arpymaeMhlx B pe3BHOCMeCBTeJIh MaTe-
pHaJIOB, B TOM 'IHCJIe H KaYQYKOB, npH06peTaeT nepBOCTeneHHoe 3Ra'leRHe. Paape-
aaHBeKBn KayqYRa H nop;6op HaBeCOK JlBJIJlCTCJI O'leHh TPyp;oeMKOD: onepa BeB,
n03ToMy KBnhI KaY'lYKa DpeBpa alOT B rpaHYJIhf 06'.LeMOM 1-3 CMs, p;Ha-
MeTpOM 10-20 MM H P;JIHHOB 10-25 MM. B TaKOM BDp;e KaY'IyKH JIerKO nOAAa-
lOTCB pa3BecRe H p;03BpoBaRHlO. ,l(JIB rpaHYJIJI HH Kay'lyKoB c03p;aHhI Cne HaJIhHLIe
MamBHI.I - rpaHyJIJlTOphI, KOTophle npHRHMalOT nJIaCTH npoBaHBhlB KaY'lYJ\ B MaTO'l-
RYlO pe3HHoBYlO CMeCh H3 pe3HHO-CMeCJITeJIJI, p;OnOJIHBTL'JILHO o6pa6aTLIBalOT ee
JI BLInycKalOT B BHp;e rpan:YJI. ,
B COOTBeTCTBIIH C rOCT 11441-70, npep;ycMaTplIBaeTCJI BLInycK P;BYX THno-
pa3MepOB 'IepBJI'IRLIX MaroHH P;JIJI rpaHYJIR BH HK H peSBHOBLIX CMeeeD:. OTe'le-
CTBeHHLIe aaBop;hI B HaCTOJl ee BpeMJI H3rOTaBJIHBalOT '1eThlpe Mop;Rq,HKa B '1ep-
BJI'IHhlX rpaHyJIBTOpOB, TeXHH'IeCKaJl xapaKTepnCTlI'K3 KOTOphlX p;aHa B Ta6JI. 2.3.
60
Ta6Auqa 2.3. TeXBB'IeCRaJi xapanepBCTBRa OTe'leCTBeBBIIIX OABO'lepBJI'lBMX lIalDBH
AJlJI rpaayJlII
DR B peaBBoBblx clleceii
IIBA9KC . ... ..
npORSBO
HT9JIbBOCTb, Kr/'1
'IepBJlK
THO
.D;lIaMeTp, MM .
pa60'laJl .D;JIBBa, MM .
CTeDeBb C)I(aTHJI
qacToTa Bpa
eHnn, 06/MBH
perY
HpOBaHHe .
AaBJleBRe, Mna
BOAY AJIn OXJla)l(.D;ewrll
napa .D;J1H o60rpeBa
BosAyxa .
Cp9.D;aBi pacxo.D; Dapa
DOAbI, M3/'1 . .
napa, Rf/'1
BOa,ltyxa, Kr/'1
3J1eRTpOABHraTeJlU
DpUBO.D;a
if Tun
. h " !/MO
OCTb, RBT
'1aCTOTa BpalIleBUJI, 06/MHB
BeBTRJIRTOpa 8JIeRTpO.D;Bura-
reJlJl DpHBOAa
1'JIII
'IBM 0
MOIIlHOCTb, RBT .
'1aCTOTa Bp
eBIDI, 06/MUB
Bacoca CMaaKIl pe.D;yKTOpa
MO
HOCTb, KBT . . .
1JaCTOTa Bpa
eBIDI, 06/MHB
pemy
ero YCTpOBCTBa
THO
MO
OCTb, KBT .
'1aCTOTaBp
eHUJI,06/MBB
rH,O;paBJllfIIecKBit y&HBepcaJIbBLIB
peAYKTOp CKOpOCTII . .
Pe.D;YKTOp DpHBO.D;a
TBD
DepeAaTO'lBOe '1UCJJO
ra6apUTHLle paaMepbl, MM
AJIlIBa
mRplIBa
BblCOTa
Macca, T
'tJepBII'ISa:l lIIamnna
125-5 0 rpauYJlnpy-
IOlIIell rOJlOBKott
rrpnBO
npnBoA
rrOCTOIIH- rrepclllcu-
Boro TOKa Boro TOKa
'tJepBII'IBall MalllBBa 380/450-4
C rpauYJrHPY-
JOlIlcit
rOJlOBKoit
o «!JHJfbTpo-
DaJII,no-rpa-
HYJIHPYlOwcl1
rOJIOBKOA
o I!JUJlbTPo-
Ba.'1bBO-JlBCTO-
na Jlb1foli
rOJlOlJlloB
512-6 512-9 5t1026 511026 5t1027
100-300 100-300 3000-5000 1500-3200 1500-3000
nOJlJUlAPlfIIecRui,
.D;ByxaaXo,lOl8H
peab6a C DOCTO-
JlBBLIM marOM
125 125
625 625
1.51 1.51
14-70 23; 34;
45; 70
BeccTY- CTyueH-
DelfllaToe '1aTOe
0,3-0.4 0.3-0.4
0.3-0.4 0,3-0,4
1I-91 AO-94
32 12/8/6/4
fOoo 480
730;
970; 1470
n.nH-40-18
30 30
2300 2300
1250 1250
1400 1400
3.36 4,91
KOBYCHblH, O,lOloaaXOAHaJI pesb6a
C nepeMeBBblM marOM
380/450
1330
2,0
25
0.4
0,7
0.6
5,5
20
2.8
320
750
2
t.1
1500
2,8
1420
A02-51-6
5,5
940
380/450
1680
2.0
25
BeccTyneB'IaTOe
0.4
0,7
0.6-
5,5
20
2,8
CAP 3-14-36-8
320
750
AOJI-2-21-4
2
1,1
1500
2.8
1420
A02-51-6
5.5
940
380/450
1680
2,0
25
0.4
0.7
0,6
5.5
20
2,8
320
750
2
1,1
1500
2.8
1420
A02-51-6
5.5
940
'YPC-5AB-2 'YPC-5AB-2 'YPC-5AB-2'
30
8435
3600
3205
39,965
CneI\uaJIbBbIU
30
9055
3600
3200
43.71
30
8375
3600
3200
42.67
O,n;HO'lepBH'IHLIH rpaJIYJIRTOp 380/450-4, BLIDycKaeMLIH cepuiiHo saBo,n;OM
«BOJIbmeBBK», ,n;JIH rpaHYJIH BB DJIaCTB11;BpOBaHHoro KayqyKa B MaTO'lHLIX pesB-
HOBLIX CMeceH DOKasaH Ha pBC. 2.12.
Ha o6 eH paMe 1, YCTaHOBJIeHO OCHOBaHBe 2, Ha KOTOpOM KpeDHTCH ,n;Ba D;BJIBH-
Apa 3 B 4, BLIDOJIHeHHLIe BS CTaJIbHOrO JIBTbH. B KopDycax D;JIJIBHAPOB BMeIOTCH
DOJIOCTB ,n;JIH oXJIam,n;aIO eH BO,n;LI BJIB Dapa. BHyrpB D;JIJIBH,n;pa 4 saDpeCCOBaHa
rBJIbSa 5 BS CDeD;BaJIbHOH CTaJIB 40X BJIB 38XMIOA (TBep,n;oCTb BHYTpeHHeH DOBep-
XHOCTB - He MeHee HRC 55). qepBHK 6 B sarpyso'lHOH 'IaCTB BMeeT KOHU'IeC-
KyIO 4>OPMY C HapymHLIMB ,n;BaMeTpaMH pesb6LI 450 B 380 MM B D;BJIBH,n;pB'IeCKYIO
-4>oPMY ABaMeTpOM 380 MM (B D;BJIBH,n;pe 4). Pesb6a '1epBHKa o,n;Hosaxo,n;HaH C yMeHb-
maIO BMCH marOM, BCJIe,n;CTBBe 'Iero ,n;aBJIeHBe o6pa6aTLIBaeMoH CMeCB DOBLIma-
eTCH DO Mepe DpB6JIumeHHH K rOJIOBKe rpaHYJIHTopa. qepBHK BLIDOJIHeH BS CTaJIH
45JIll; TBep,n;OCTL ero DOBepXHOCTB Ha 5-10 e,lJ;BHUD; BLIIDe TBep,n;OCTB CTeHKB rBJIbSLI.
Tpe6HB BUTKOB BMeIOT HaDJIaBKy us TBep,n;oro CDJIaBa C TBep,n;OCTbIO HRC 60. 3asop
Meat,n;y BBTKaMB pesb6LI B DOBepXHOCTbIO rBJIbSLI 0,45 MM.
BHYTPB '1epBHKa BMeeTCH paCTO'leHHaH DOJIOCTb ,n;JIH OXJIam,n;aIO eH BO,lJ;Ll.
XBOCTOBaH D;aD4>a 'IepBHKa BXO,lJ;BT B pacTo'lKy BaJIa 21 pe,n;YRTopa B coe,n;BHeHa C HBM
p;ByMH DpBSMaTlJ1IeCKBMH mDOHKaMB. BaJI 21 pa60TaeT B ,n;BYXpH,n;HLIX c4>eplJ1leCKBX
pOJIlIKOBLIX ODOpHLIX Do,n;IDHDHBKax 20 B 24. OceBoe YCBJIBe BOCDpJIHBMaeTCH yDOp-
HLIM Do,n;mBDHBKOM 22, paCC'lBTaHHLIM Ha 2,5 MH. Ha BaJIY 21 DocameHa Be,n;OMaH
DpBpOABaH mecTepHH pe)J;yRTopa. K DepeABeMy KOHD;y '1epBHKa Ha pesb6e KpeDBTcH
:uaca,n;Ka 16, paBHoMepHo pacDpe,n;eJIHIO aH o6pa6aTLIBaeMLIH MaTepBaJI DO DOsePX-
1I0CTB rpaHYJIBpyro eH pemeTKR 15. 3asop Mem,n;y TOpD;OM Haca,n;KB B rpaHYJIRpy-
IO eH pemeTKoH 1,8 MM.
K TOPD;y DepeABero D;JIJIBH,n;pa 4 Ha 60JITaX DpBcoe,n;JIHeHa rOJIOBKa 17 rpaHY-
,JIHTOpa, K KOTOpOH Ha mapHBpe DpBKpeDJIeH DOBOpOTHLIH RpOBJDTeHH 11 BS CTaJIb-
Horo JIBTLH C paSMe eHHLIMB Ha lleM pem M YCTPOHCTBOM B rpaHYJIBpYIO eH
pemeTKoH 15. llOBOpOT pemYID;ero YCTpoHcTBa DpOBSBO,n;BTCH DPB DOMO B DHeB-
MaTlJ1IeCKOro D;BJIlIB,n;pa 18. rpaHYJIBpYIO aH pemeTKa DpBmHMaeTcH K rOJIOBKe saM-
ROM B HamHMHLIMB 60JITaMB. PemeTKa TOJI BHOH 45-50 MM BLIDOJIHeHa BS JIB-
,CTOBOH CTaJIB 40X. lloBepxHocTh pemeTKB SaKaJIeHa ,n;o TBep,n;OCTB HRC 40.
B pemeTKe DpOCBepJIeHLI KOHlJ1IeCKRe OTBepCTBH paSMepOM 24 x 14 MM ,n;JIH
Dpo,n;aBJIBBaHUH '1epes HBX o6pa6aTLIBaeMoro MaTepBaJIa.
HeDo,n;BBmHLIH BaJI 9 pemy ero YCTpOHCTBa Do,n;mBMaeTCH K pemeTKe 60JITOM
10 H Dpe,n;YDpem,n;aeT DporB6aHBe ee DO,n; ,n;eHCTBBeM OceBLIX YCBJIBH OT rpaHyJIBpy-
. eMoro MaTepHaJIa. OKOJIO HeDo,n;BBmHoro BaJIa Ha KOHlJ1IeCKBX pOJIBKOBLIX DO,n;-
IlIHDHHKax Bpa aeTCH DOJILIH BaJI 8, Ha KOTOpOM SaKpeDJIeH Home,n;epmaTeJIh 14
,C tfeTLIphMH HomaMB, cpeSaIO BMB MaTepBaJI, BLIXO,n;H BH 'Iepes OTBepCTBH pemeTKB
llpH aTOll! 06paSYIOTCH rpaJIYJILI paSJIIJ1IHOH ,n;JIBHLI - OT 10,n;o 20 MM - B saBBCB-
MOCTB OT tfaCTOTLI Bpa eHBH '1epBHKa B BaJIa C HomaMB. Homn YCTaHOBJIeHLI DO,n;
yr.lIOM 37 0 K pemeTKe, C sasopOM 0,4-0,5 MM. TBep,n;OCTh DOBepXHOCTB HomeH
HRC 57-59. llOJILIH BaJI DpBBO,n;UTCH B ,n;BBmeHBe OT 9JIeKTpo,n;BBraTeJIH 13 nepe-
MeHHoro TOKa (5,5 KBT, 940 06/MBH) '1epes fB,tJ;paBJIlJ1IeCKuii peryJIRTOp CKOpOCTB 12
THna YPC-5AB-2, KOTOpLIH DOSBOJIHeT BSMeHHTb '1aCTOTY Bpa eHHH HomeBoro
YCTpOHCTBa B Dpe,n;eJIax OT 19 ,n;o 9506/MBH.
llpBBO,n; rpaHYJIHTOpa OCYID;eCTBJIHeTCH OT CBHxpOHHoro aJIeKTpo,n;BRraTeJIH
,26 (320 KBT) C BO,n;HHLIM OXJIam,n;eHBeM '1epes rB,tJ;paBJIH'IeCKYIO MYWrY 25 THDa
rM-400-91,5 C perYJIBpyeMoH '1aCTOTOH Bpa eHnH B ,n;ByxcTeneH'IaTLIH D;HJIHH-
,n;pntfeCKHH pe,n;YKTOp 23 THDa ll-170 C Depe,n;aTO'lHLIM 'IBCJIOM i = 30.
3arpysKa KaY'lyKa BJIB peslIBoBoH CMeCB B rpaHYJIHTOp DpOHSBO,n;RTCH qepes
sarpYSO'lHyIO BOpOHKy 19 TOJIKaTeJIeM 27, DpBBO,n;HMLIM B ,n;eHcTBBe CiI\aTLIM BOS,n;y-
XO)[, Do,n;aBaeMLIM B D;BJIlIB,tJ;P 28. B DpOTBBODOJIOmHLIX CTeHKax sarpyso'lHOH
BOpOHKB YCTaHOBJIeHhI 4>oTOpeJIe B BCTO'IBBR CBeTa. llpB sarpysKe MaTepBaJIa
B BOpOHKy 19 JIyq CBeTa DpepLIBaeTcH, 4>oTOpeJIe ,n;aeT CBrHaJI Ha Do,n;a'lY cmaToro
<62
I
;02£
i
:
lf£iElfli
Iii giJ*8.:':h&h"
"
I:
I:: ;"
9 J <>...;"'....
.. ....1;
e=
;
los:>. ,
:
..
: I i III =
:.:5
s:>. = *
.
I
I
;.. I
0
o..
..=
o III III I .......
'" I 8. =: =
..... 101....:11:111 !:!
"'
s:>.a
i I
1
::8..t
:; I s:>.=::t
Iii 1::1 ::t...og lOl
:a;g:..
:ISI
III
1..I:I=s:>...:cl'<
OOCU ..0 101
CIoEi ..
I
=S<>!:
1:i'.1
g!
Q;
I
&
t;" J
d
E
I:[ 0 ! 101 . ....10 0 II: ;.. g '"
= i:
=
:::t;;;1
I»
I
:i
oC:I 0 1 !!!..o"'.. .. f:e-.....;
=l'<..
1 111$ 101 -l'<
..t!"'
IIIO="'..
1:(<>
£ Os:>.Ef;":c I'II'II'I..1e
o O
-
.. j>,1e
101 1';:::=
\0: 18.1
l'!s-=:I1:g,fii:i:a i s
1
o to ..
55;..:c...."'
go
. .. =
:11 g s:>. III =: = 1:1 L;
C\1...,... , ..oo
.....oIIIII:O:
Ii:
- '" "'.. s:>.!I:I..."'=:ISI=:ISI"
c-i
...lis;.. j;!
...III=
;"
;Q
.:::!:. s:>..
. i ;"0:
CU ..
:ISI
I s:>. I a
Qo I :11"
Dii,Q 101 0 0 l'<
11100
""Iif..
:.:=..=
<U
j;l.,cr:I
g::ts:>.S'a..
I;<>O..O..:c
009E
[
<::
c:::o
""..
""
Boa
yxa B DHeBMO
UnHH
p TOnKaTenn U nHeBMO
UnUHAP rB
pOMY
TM npUBO
a,
BKmO'IaS TOnKaTenl) U rHAPoMy<fJTy B pa60TY. tJepBSK Ha'IUHaCT Bpa
aTLCS, a Ton-
KaTenL npumUMaeT K HeMY aarpymeBHMii B rpauynsTop MaTepuan. KaK TonbKO
BopOHKa oCB060il(
aeTCS, nyq CBeTa BoaAeiicTByeT Ha
OTopene, AaBas KOMaH
y
'Iepea Hero Ha nO
'LeM TonKaTens U OCTaHOB 'IepBSKa, BMKmO'IaS ru
pOMy
TY
6ea OCTaHona 9neKTpO
BuraTens rnaBHoro npUBo
a. C HeKOTOpMltl saAaHHMM ono-
s
aHHeM aBTOMaTU'IeCKU OCTanaBnUBaeTCS B Ban pemYlI\ero YCTpoiicTBa. TeMnepa-
'Typa rpaHyn Ha BMxo
e ua MamUHM
OCTuraeT 150 °C, n03TOMY
ns oxnam
eHWI,
...
Pac. 2.13. rOJlOBKa '1epBJI1IBoi maJIbTpOBaJIbBO-rpaBYJIBPYiOlIleii MamHBLI 380/450-4 aaBOAa
'CBOJIbmeBHKt:
1 - OCROBaRBe; 2 - DepeARBA QIIJlBJfAp; a - YAJIBllBTeJJb; 4 - '1epBlly.; :; - rRJXpoIntJIlUfJlp; 6 - aaTBOp
'(DOBOpOTRaJI'IaCTb); 7 - KOPUYC 1'(m0BICB; 8 - 41BJ11>TPYJOlllall pemeTKa; 9 - paCDoplla; 10 - pemeTKa rpaRY-
JlBPYJOillaJI; 11 - RpblDlKa; 12 - pBIK}'IIIee YCTPOACTBO; 18 - BblHOCHall olJopa; 14 - ru.upoIlWDfllJQ).
a TaKme B
ensx npe
oxpaHeDUS OT cnunaHIIS npu xpaHeHUH rpaHynLI B ronOBKe
rpaHynsTopa CMa'IUBaIOTCS KaonHHOBoii cycneHaBeii. fOTOBMe rpaHynLI n
aIOT
Ha nOTOK 7.
PaaMepM aarpyaO'IHOrO YCTpoiicTBa n03BonSIOT rpaHYJISTOPy npHHsTL cpaay
nonHMH 06'LeM OAHOH 3anpaBKU C peauHoCMeCHTe.TIS 250-40 U nepepa60TaTL B rpa-
HynbI aa 2-3 MUH.
Ha 6aac onucaHHoii BbUlIe 'IepB8'lHOii MaWUHbI BMnYCKaeTCS BTopas MO
U-
uKa
us rpaHyns1'opa 380/450-4- C
HnLTpoBanbHo-rpaHynupYIO
eii ronOBKoii.
.3Ta MaWHHa npe
HaaHa'IeHa
ns
unbTpoBaHHs (O'IUCTKH) U rpaHyns
Hu nnaCTU-
IQIPOBaHHoro KayqYKa U peSUHOBMX cMeceii. OTnH'IUe
unbTpoBanLHo-rpaHY-
JIupYIO
eii MamUHM OT onucaHHoii BWDe saKnIOtJaCTCS B YCTpOHCTBe ee ronOBKB
(puc. 2.13) U y
nuHeHHOltl Ha 350 MM qepBsKe.
.()4
K nepeAHeMY
B
BHAPY 2 Ha 60
TaX npBcoeABHeH YAnBHDTe
B
BHApa 9
CTa
bHOrO
BTbJl C rB
bsoii BS CTaJIH 20X. Ha YA
murre
e YCTaHOB
eH Ropnyc
nOBopoTHOB lIaCTII saTBopa 6, ROTOpLlB rBAPO
B
pOM 5 nOBOpallBBaeTCJI Ha
pesb6e B R
IDIOBLIM saMROM 6aBOHeTHOrO saTBopa npIDRBMaeT Ropnyc rO
OBRB 7
C saRpen
eHHoii B HeM tflB
TPYIO
eii pemeTRoB 8 (BS
BCTOBOB CTa
B 40X) C
BH-
APBlIeCRBMB OTBepCTBJlMR ABaMeTpOM AO 8 MM. K rO
OBRe Ha OTRBAHLIX 6o
Tax
npBCOeAIIHJleTCJI RpLlmRa 11 BS CTa
B 45JIIT, B ROTOpOB nOMe
aeTCJI rpaHY
Bpy-
lO
aJl pemeTRa 10 (BS CTa
B 40X) C ROHBlIeCRBMB OTBepCTBJlMR. K RpLlmRe 11 npB-
Rpen
eH RpoHmTeiiH C pacno
omeHHLlM Ha HeM pemyJI\1IM YCTpoiicTBOM 12.
rO
oBKa BMeCTe C RpLlmRoB 11 B pemyJI\1IM YCTPOBCTBOM 12 MomeT 6L1Tb OTBeAeHa
B CTOPOHY npB nOMO
rBAPO
B
BHApa 14. B OCTa
bHOM YS
LI tflB
bTpoBa
Ho-
rpaJlY
BPYIO
eB MaDIJiDILI He OT
BlIaIOTCJI OT YS
OB rpaHY
JlTOpa 380/450.
ct>BpMLI «A.BpBAm» (AB:r
BJI), «ct>appem) (CIDA) , «BepcToptfltfl» (ct>pr) B AP.
BsrOTaB
BBaIOT lIepBJllIHLle rpaHY
JlTOpLl B cTpeiiHep-rpaHY
JlTOpLl C lIepBJlRaMB
paSMepOM 12"/15", 15"/18" B 20"/24". Ha pBC. 2.14 nORasaH 06
Bii BBA rpaHY-
JlTOpa 15"/18" (381/450 MM) tflBPMLI «A. BpBAm».
qepBJlR rpaHY
JlTOpa B tflB
bTpoBa
bHo-rpaHY
BPYIO
eB MamJiDILI (pBC. 2.15)
BsrOTOB
eH BS
BTOB XpOMOMo
B6AeHoBoii CTa
B, cOAepm
eB 0,4-0,7% Mo;
0,36-0,44% C; 0,10-0,35% S; 0,5-0,7% Mn; 2,3-2,8% Ni; 0,5-0,8% Cr.
Pesb6a - C HepaBHOMepHLlM marOM, ABYX- B TpexsaXOAHaJl Ha paSHLlX yqacTRax
lIepBJlRa. rpe6HB BIITROB BMelOT Han
aBRY BS cTemmTa.N2 6, TO
lIHa ee 3,0-3,5 MM.
BOROBaJl nOBepxHocTb HapeSRB o6pa6oTaHa m
BtflOBa
bHOB MamBHRoB BPY'IHYIO.
BHyrpB lIepBJlR BMeeT nO
OCTb ABaMeTpOM 152 MM A
JI nOABOAa ox
amAalO
eB BOALI.
qacToTa Bpa
eHBJI lIepBJlRa 24 06/MIIH.
ct>BJIbTPYIO
aJl pemeTRa (pBC. 2.16) tflB
bTpoBa
bHo-rpaHY
BpyIO
eB lIepBJllI-
Hoii loiaDIBHbI Bl>JnO
HeHa HS
BCTOBOii XpOMOMo
B6AeHoBoB CTa
B, nOBepXHOCT
3aRa
eHa AO TBePAOCTB HB 320-360. PemeTRa lIMeeT 1282 OTBepCTIDI (ABaMeT-
TpOM 11 MM), pacno
omeHHLlX B maXMaTHOM nOpJlARe C marOM 12,5 MM B OAHOM
HanpaB
eH1IB B C marOM 22 MM B nepneHAIIJ(Y
JlpBOM HanpaB
eB1IB. Co CTOpOBLI
lIepBJlRa pemeTRa BMeeT B TOllRe I RaHaBRY A
JI saR
aARB B Hee ABYX tflB
bTpO-
Ba
bHLlX ceTOR.
rpaHY
BpyIO
aJl pemeTRa (pBc.2.17) lIepBJI1IHOrO rpaHY
JlTOpa BLlnO
HeHa
BS Toro me MaTepBa
a B nOABepraeTCJI TaROB me TepMoo6pa6oTRe, lITO B tflB
bTPY-
lO
aJl pemeTRa. B rpaHY
BPYIO
eii pemeTRe lIMeeTCJI 108 oTBepcTBii ROHB1IeCROB
tfIoPMLI; TO
BHa pemeTRB 48 MM. B rpaHY
BPYIO
eii pemeTRe tflB
bTpoBa
bHO-
rpaHY
BPYIO
eB lIepBJllIHOii MamlIHLI lIBC
O rpaHY
BpYIO
BX OTBepCTBii COCTaB-
JleT -156; yro
ROHyca OTBepCTBJI 16 0 36'; TO
BHa pemeTRB 57 MM. A
JI o6pa-
60TKB CBHTeTBlIeCRBX RayqYROB tflBpMa «A. BpHAm» peROMeHAYeT rpaHY
BpYIO
e
OTBepCTHJI B BX
B
IIHAPBlIeCROB lIaCTB BLIIIO
HJlTb C pesb60B 19 MM.
"Y se
TO
RaTe
JI rpaHY
JlTOpa (pBC. 2.18) COCTOBT BS C06CTBeHHO TO
RaTe
JI
B HanpaB
JlIO
erO YCTpOBCTBa 6. TO
RaTe
b BLlnO
HeH B BBAe ABYX lIacT
ii, co-
eAHHeHHLlX mnB
bRaMB 3 (ABaMeTpOM 22 MM): rO
OBRB TO
RaTe
JI 1 (lIyryBHoro)
H. Kopnyca 2, npeACTaB
JlIO
ero co6oii CBapHYIO Ropo6RY BS
BCTOBOii CTa
B
TO
m;HHOii 12,5 MM. B Ropnyce pacno
omeH BosAymHLlii
IIHAP 4 (ABaMeTp
152,4 MM, XOA 508 MM) C SaRpenJIeHHLlM mTOROM 5. TO
RaTe
b nepeMe
aeTCJI
no HanpaB
JlIO
eloIY YCTpoiicTBY 6 BS MeRaHBTa; HBmHJIJI RpOMRa sarpYSOllHOrO
B
pa 8 nORpLlTa c
oeM xpOMa Ha A
lIHe 135 MM; TO
lIHa C
OJl no BceR
mBpBHe OT 0,010 AO 0,015 MM. OAHa H3 60ROBIIH HanpaB
JlIO
X TO
RaTe
JI lIMeeT
npope3b 7, lIepes ROTOpylO npOXOABT nOBOAOR 11, nepeR
lOlIalO
:oii B RpaiiHBx no
o-
meHBJlX TO
RaTe
JI HanpaB
eHBe ero ABBiKeHBJI Ha o6paTHoe npB nOMO
B ROH
eBLlX
BI>JKJIlOlIaTeJIeii: .
ct>BpMa «A. BpHAm» BLlnYCRaeT TaKiI\e lIepBJllIHLlii rpaHY
JlTOp C TpeMJI OTRBA-
HI>JMB rO
OBRaMB: rpaHY
BPYIOm;eii:, tflHJJbTPYIO
eii B
BCTOBa
bHoii - COOTBeT-
CTBeHHO neJI
eTaii3ep, cTpeiineo Ii c
a66ep (pHC. 2-19). OHa YAo6Ha 11 c
yqae
5 3all83 163
65
I
J 57
I
,/,
z
0g,5
f282Qmt.
"'
e:;
,
"'>
G
Pac. 2.16. cI>aJIbTpyIO
aJl pemeTKa 4>BJIbTpOBaJIbBo-rpasYJlapyIO
ei '1epBJABoi MamHBl.t15'/1S.
japHH cA. Bp
)I(.: .
J - KOPUYC pemeTKR; 2 - OTBePCTDII; 8 - aaTO'IKa AJIJI YCTaROBKII 4IBnb'l'pJlO
J: CeTOK; 4 - OTBepCTBe PII
ycTaHoBKB pacDopHoro KORyCa.
1
2
J
t:>
..
c.;
"'
'"
f::>"C$' .:to
, e.
e.
Pac. 2.17. rpasYJlapyIO
aa pemeTKa '1epBJI'lBOrO rpasYJIJlTOpa 15'/18- !fIapubI «,II;. BpftA)l(t:
J - ICOPII1O peDleTICB; , - OTBBpcTne Gea Pe3bGbI B ItBmlHAPH'lBCKOA 'l3cTn;la - OTBepCTne nnlItpacDopRoro
1<0R)Ca.
5*
"'>
t!:
'\I
2620
PBC. 2.18. YSM TOJIK8TeJIJI 'Iep-
BR'IBOro rpaayJJIlTOp8 i5-/18- iBp-
HH cA. BPlWK t :
1 - ronoBICa TOnKaTeJIJI; t - ICOPOYCf
TOnKaTeJIJI; a - III1DInI>lCa;
4 - B08AyDI-
m.dt WIJIBImP; S - DlTOIC IgrmIRApa; 6 -
saupaBnRJOlI{ee 'fC'I'POlerso; 7 - upo-
peab: B - 8al'PYBo'lllld IQIJlBIIJUI; 9-
KOPOYC WlJlBlmPa l'PaByJlJl'J'Opa; 10-
'IepBIIIC I'PIUIYnRTOpa; 11 - DepeKJlJO'I3-
JOII(Id OOBOAOIC.
PBC. 2.19. 'IepBJl'lBaJi 4>BJIbTpo-
BaJIbBo-rpasYJIDpyIODt811 JlamBBa
15"/18' c)opMH cA. Bp
t C 11.0-
DOJIBBTeJIbBOii JlBCTOB8JIbBOii ro-
JIOBKOii (D8JlJleTaBSep, cTpeiaep,
cna66ep):
1 - 8J1elCTPoABBI'aTeJlb; t - l'IIJqIaBJIB-
'llBelCaJI M')'i(ITa; 8 - peJO'lCTOP; 4 - aa.
I'PY80'llloe 1'CTPolcTBo; S - I'BAPolQI-
JIBBAP AJIJI OTICPiI'I'BJI I'OJIOBICB; 6 - rpa-
HyJDJPYJOlI{aJI 1'OJI0BICa B uepaGo'leM DO-
nOIKeH1lB; 7 - mtCTOBaJII>RaJI 1'OJI0BICa B
paGo'lell DOnOIKeH1lB; 8 - Ij)BJII>TPYJOII{3JI
1'OJI0BKa B uepaGo'leM nonoIKeHIIB; 9-
JII!lCTOBam.H3JI I'OJIOIIKa B sepaGoqeM DO-
nOIKeBJIB. '.' lv
He06xOAHMOCTH pa60TIiI B paSJI1J1IHLlX pemHMaX DPH CpaBHHTeJIbHO He60JIbWBX pac-
xOAax peSHHOBLlX cMeceii. KOHCTpYK
HJI MaWBHLI, a TaKme rpaHYJIBpyIO
eii B
«JIBJIbTPYIO
eii rOJIOBOK aHaJIOrHtJHa paHee ODBcaHHIiIM. KOHCTPYK
JI JIBCTOBaJIb-
BLIX rOJIOBOK paCCMOTpeHa HH)l{e.
2.7.3. 4epBR
Hble MaWHHbI C nHCTosanbHblMH ronOBKaMH
Ha 6ase tJepBJltJHoii «JIHJIbTpYIO
eii MaWBHLI 380/450 BLlnYCKaIOTCJI JIBCTO-
BaTeJIB (cJIa66epLl), KOTopLle DpBHHMaIOT peSDHOBYIO CMeCb C BaJIb
OB BJIB OT peSH-
HOCMeCBTeJIJI B BLlDYCKaIOT ee B BHAe JIBCTa. 3Ta MaWRHa cHa6iKeHa JIBCTOBaJIbHOB
rOJIOBROii (pBC. 2.20). PeSBHOBaJl CMeCb DpOXOABT tJepea «JIHJIbTPYIO
YIO peweTRY 3,
Poc. 2.20. JIocTOBaJlbS8J1 rOJlOBRa 1< '1epBJl1JIIoi !JjOJIbTpOB8JIbBOi MamBBe 15-/18' !JjOplfLl
cA. BPlWRt:
1 - ICopnyc
BnHBAPa; . - GalOlJeTRoe DOBOPOTRoe ICom.
O; a - cPBJII>TPYJODlall pemema; 4 - (i0JJTl0l lfI)eIIJJe-
RBII MYBAIIITYRa; 5 - DOBocn. oXJJ3IKneHBII; 6 - MYBAmTYK; 'I - MaTPB
a; 8 - 1l0PH; 9 - pa8BOpa'DIBaJODlee
YCTpoICTBO; 10 - KpORDlTeiH; 11 - ralKa; 12 - nOABOA oXJJ3IKAeRBJI; 18 - KaHaJl; 14 - Ban; 16 - HOJK;
16 - DBaBlla; 1'1 - ICOPDYC roBOBKB.
samaTYIO MeiRAY ROPDYCOM
HJIHHApa 1 B RopnycoM rOJIOBRD 17 DPB DOMO
DOBO-
pOTHoro ROJIb
a 2 C 6aBoHeTHhIM saTBopOM, B BhIp;aBJIDBaeTCJI tJepes sasop MemAY
My&AWTYROM 6 B AOpHOM 8 B BBAe TPy6RD. IToCJIep;HJIJI paspeSaeTCJI HomOM.
HHorAa cJIa66ep pa60Taeor B arperaTe C YCTaHoBRoii 'YPIT-1 AJIJI peSRB DJIaCTB-
RaTa HK B saRaTRB ero B PYJIOHhI. 'YCTaHOBRa COCTOHT DS ABYX TpaucnopTepOB:
OAHoro - AJIJI pesRB JIeHTbI DJIaCTBRaTa Ha JIBCTLI H BToporo - AJIJI saRaTRB JIeHThI
B PYJIOHhI. Hom AJIJI peSRS Ray>tYRa DMeeor :meRTpo060rpeB C perYJIBpOBaHHeM
TeMDepaTypLl OT 140 AO 190°C. qacToTa Bpa
eHBJI Homa 2,9 06/MJl1H. CROpOCTb
TpaHcDopTepa AJIJI peSRB DJIaCTBRaTa perYJIBpyeTCJI B DpeAeJIaX OT 0,3 AO 14,1 M/MBH.
qacToTa Bpa
eHHJI saRaTotJHoro pOJIBRa 40 06/MRH, a CROpOCTI> TpaHcDopTepa
AJIJI saRaTRH JIeHThI 15,6 M/MBH.
KpoMe tJepBJltJHIiIX rpaHYJIJlTOpOB BLlDYCRaIOTCJI rpaHYJIJlTOphI APyrDx ROH-
CTPYR
ii - ABCROBhIe, BaJIKOBbIe B AP.; aTB rpaHYJIJlTOphI paccMaTpBBaIOTCJI
B rJI. 8.
69
2.8. OnPEAEnEHHE MOUJ,HOCTH nPHBOAA H npOH3BOAHTEnbHOCTH
LfEPBflLfHblX MAWHH
Heo6xoABMaJI MOJI:{HOCTb npBBoAa lIepBJllIHhIX MaWBH saBBCHT OT pa3Mepa,
qaCTOTbI BpaJI:{eHHJI lIepBJlKa B xapaKTepa BhInOJlHJleMOH pa6oThI. MOJI:{HOCTb,
nOTpe6J1J1eMYIO lIepBJllIHOH MamBHoH, MOa<HO paCClIBTaTb, nOJIb3YJlCb pJl]J;OM ypaBHe-
HBH, OCHOBaHHhIX Ha fBAPo]J;HHaMll'leCKOH TeopBH. OAHaKo Ha npaKTBKe 06hIlIHO
nO:IbaYIOTcJI 3MnBpll'leCKBMB $opMYJIaMB. ,l{OBOJIbHO TOllHO MOJI:{HOCTb 3JIeKTpO-
]J;BTIraTeJIJI N (B KBT) MOa<HO onpeAeJIBTb no $opMYJIe:
N = 0,00353D 2 n
rTI.e D -
aM8Tp 'IepBJlKa, eM; n - 'IaCTOTa Bp
esllJl 'IepBIIRa, 06/MBB.
Ha npaI(THKe 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIb CJIeAyeT BhI6HpaTb C HeKOTophIM aanaCOlrl
MOD.\HOCTH no cpaBHeHBIO C paCClIBTaHHOH no npBBeAeHHOH BhIme $opMYJIe.
,l];JIJI nOAClIeTa npOB3BOABTI:!JIbHOCTB lIepBJllIHOH MamHHhI Q (B 1<r/1I) HeKOTophIe
aBTophI peROMeHAYIOT CJIeAYIOJI:{Be 4)OPMYJIhI:
npB cpenHeH BHTeHCBBHOCTB pa60ThI
Qcp = O.68D2.5
npB BHTeHCBBHOH pa60Te(B30JIg
BJI Ka6eJIJI)
QUHT=O,9D2,5
2.9. PErynHPOBAHHE TEMnEPATYPHOrO PE>KHMA
LfEPBflLfHOA MAWHHbl
HOpMaJIbHaJl pa60Ta MamBHhI B BhInycK B3AeJIBH 3a,o;aHBhIX $OpMhI B TOJIJI:{BHbI
(HaJIJI6pa) B 3HallBTeJIbHOH CTeneHB onpeAeJIJleTCJI npaBBJIbHOCTblO BbI60pa TeMne-
paTypHoro pea<HMa, KOTOphIH aaBBCBT OT pe
enTa CMeCB. B MamHHax TenJIOrO
nHTaHBJI 06hIlIHO BalelOTCJI TPB SOHhI C pa3JIII'IHhIM TeMnepaTypHhIM pemHMOM:
B OPCHaJtC
J
na 1/'1f1a
BoiJaQ,J I1na
T-'
KTK-Z
PRC. 2.21. npBB
lIJIIIaJIbBaJi
CXeMa TeDJlOBOA aBTOMaTBRIl
'IepBJl'lBoii MaDUlBLI C Ra-
MepBoii r()Jl
K
. _ ......._.
1 - roJlOB Jl8M aDmIlJoI; 2 - IQI-
JlBRJl.P; 8 - 'IepBJIR; la, 2a-
TepMODapbl; 16, .6 - aJlellTpOH-
lIWe aBTOMam'lecRJIe DOTeBI\UG-
MeTPbI; llI, 28 - B03AYIDHLle
anellTPOMal'HU'J'lIWe BeBTWIB; lB,
2l - pel'ynupYJOII\Be IInaDallW C
DReSMoupBBOAOM; 10, 20 - pery-
nupYJOlIIHe IIJlaDIIHbI C DRCBMG-
upBBOAOM; Ie. 2e - B03AymJlble
anellTPOMarHBTlIJoIe BeHTBnB.
OK-I, OK-2 - oOpaTlIJoIe IIna-
DalDol; B3-t. B3-2,£B3-3, B3-4,
B3-5 - 8aDOpllJoIe BeHTBRH;
KTK-I. KTK-2 - 1I0BTPOJIblll>le
TpexxoAoBble IIpllHbl; ,Kr-l.
Kr-2 - JloRAeacalQloHHble ropw-
RJI; T-t - TepMOMeTp.
la
18
B03iJ!/:& 0.2 -1,0 '1fla
83'5
70
sarpYSOtJHaJl tJaCTb Kopnyca, nepe)l;HJIJI tJaCTb Kopnyca II rOJIOBKa. B MaWIIHaX
XOJlO)I;HOrO nllTaHIIJI B MaWIIHaX C BaKYYM-OTCOCOM tJlICJIO SOH )l;OCTllraeT nRTII.
B OTetJeCTBeHUhIX MamllHaX TeMnepaTypa rOJIOBKII perYJIllpyeTcJI aBTOMaTII-
qeCKII B npe)l;eJIax 30-140 °C C TO'IHOCTblO)I;O :!:1 °C, Kopnyca II tJepBJlKa - Bpyq-
HYIO npll nOMO 1I BeHTIIJIeii. B KatJeCTBe npllMepa Ha pllC. 2.21 npllBe)l;eHa cxeMa
perYJIllpOBaHIIJI TeMnepaTyphI tJepBJI'IHOii MaWIIHhI C KaMepHoii rOJIOBKOE.
B nOCJIe)l;Hee BpeMJI HarpeB B 'IepBJltJHhIX MamllHax, oc06eHHo B MaWHuax
XOJIO)l;HOrO nHTaHBJI II MamllHax C BaKYYM-OTCOCOM, npOBSBO)l;lITCJI nO)l;atJeii ropJltJeii
BO)l;hI B HPKYJIJI 1I0HHhIe KOJIb a OT)I;eJIbHO )l;JIJI Kam)l;oii TeMnepaTYPHoii SOHhI.
PerYJIBpOBaHHe TeA<mepaTypbI HarpeBa B OXJIamAeHBJI OC eCTBJIJleTCJI nYTe 1
paS6aBJIeHBJI ropJltJeii BOAhI XOJIO)l;Hoii, nocTynaIO eii tJepes aBTOMaTBtJeCKnD:
3JIeKTpOMarHBTHhIii KJIanaH. rOpJl1JaJl BO)l;a npllrOTaBJIBBaeTCJI B HarpeBaTeJIJlX,
060rpeBaeMhIX OCTpbJM napOM BJIII 3JIeKTpFIeCTBOM.
Bce perYJIBPYIO Be yC'1'poiicTBa II nOKaShIBaIO Be npB60phI paSMe eHLI Ha
HTe TenJIOBOrO KOHTpOJIJI II aBTOMaTIIKB. ,AJIJI HeKOTopbIX MaWBH npllMeHJleTCJI
3JIeKTpOHarpeB KaK rOJIOBKII, TaK B Kopnyca, nO)l;OOHO HarpeBY MaWIIH )l;JIJI nepe-
pa60TKII nJIaCTMacc.
PaCXO)l; napa B BO)l;hI saBBCBT OT paSMepa MaDJlIHbI B BbInOJIHJleMOii'pa6oThI.
2.10. BCnOMOrATERbHblE YCTPoACTBA
2.10.1. Y CTpOHCTBa AnR nHTaHHR 'IepBR'IHblX MawHHI
pe3HHoH H oToopa wnpH OBaHHblX H3AenHH
tIepBJltJllbIe MaWIIHhI TenJIOrO nBTaHBJI AOJImHbI paBHOMepHO IlIITaTbCJI peslI-
HOBOii CMeCblO B BlI)I;e peSHHOBbIX JIeHT, cpesaeMhIX HOil<aMB C nO)l;OrpeBaTeJIbHbIX
BaJIb OB. IDBpBHa JIeHTbI perYJIBpYeTCJI B SaBBCJlMOCTH OT paCXO)l;a peSBBhI. He-
paBHOMepHoe nllTaHBe (no KOJIFIeCTBY BJIII TeMDepaType pesBBbI) Be)l;eT K IISMeHe-
HBIO paSMepOB DpOcPBJIllpyeMbIx sarOTOBOK. ITIITallBe pesBHoBoii CMeCblO tJepBJltJ-
IIbIX MamllH XOJIO)l;HOrO nBTaHBJI MomeT npOBSBOABTbCJI B BR)I;e JIeHTh! BJIII rpaHyJI.
JIeHTa nocTyDaeT C nBTaTeJIJI 6apa6aHHoro TBna - KaTymRB, rpaHYJIhI - liS
BB6ponBTaTeJIJI.
COBpeMeHHhIe tJepBJltJHbIe MaWIIHhI cHa6i1<alOTCJI arperaTHbIMB YCTaHoBKaMB
)l;JIJI oT60pa mnpB OBaHHbIX sarOTOBOK. CltOpOCTb DpBeMBoro TpaBCnOpTepa Ha-
CTpaBBaeTCJI no CKOpOCTII BbIxoAa BaB60JIee 6bICTpO wDplUl;yeMoii tJaCTB sarOTOBKH
(HaDpIlMep, cpeAHeii tJaCTB DpoTeKTopa); CKOpOCTb TpaBcnopTepa AOJI$Ha HeCKOJIbKO
DpeBbIIlIaTb CKOpOCTb BbIAaBJIBBaHBJI - AJIJI BOSMOil<HOCTB perYJIBpOBaHBJI TOJI-
"muBbI U IDUpllBbI npocPuJlllpyeMbIx lISAeJllIii.
2.10.2. Y CTpOHCTBa AnR ony ApHeaHHR
BHYTpeHHeH nOBepXHOCTH nonblx H3AenHH
,AJIJI onY)l;pllBaHIIJI BHYTpellHeii nOBepXBOCTII pYKaBOB II )l;pyrllx DOJIhIX ns-
)l;eJIBii DpllMeHJlIOTCJI YCTpoiicTBa )l;BYX TllnOB.
Y CTpoiiCTJI0 nepBoro Tuna Dpe)l;CTaBJIJleT c060ii repMeTDtJHhIii COCY)l; C TaJIbKOM,
B KOTOpbIii no Tpy6e DO)l; CJIoii TaJIbKa BBOAIITCJI CiI,aTbIii BOS)I;YX nO)l; )l;aBJIeHHeM
0,15 Mlla. tIepes )l;pyrylO Tpy6y BOSAYX, BachI eHHbIii TaJIbKOBOii DbIJlbIO, nOCTY-
naeT BByTPb )l;OpBa II 1Jepes paCnbIJIIITeJIb nO)l;aeTCJI BHYTPb PYKaBa. TaKoii cnocoo
onYApBBaHIIJI HeYAo6eH TeM, tJTO )l;JIJI 06eCne1JeHUJI HenpepblBHoii pa60TbI npll-
XOAIITCJI YCTaHaBJlIIBaTL )l;Ba annapaTa. Ror)l;a O)l;UH BS HDX HaXO)l;lITCJI B pa60Te,
APyroii nepeS8pJlil<aeTCJI.
YCTpoiicTBO BToporo Tllna OCBOBaHO Ha RB$eK 1l0HHOM npRH IIDe paCnblJIeHIIR.
TaJIbKa. IToCJIe)l;HBii nocTynaeT B IIH)KeK HCBHoe YCTpoiJc.TJlO DS 6YHKepa 1Jepes
BII6pODIITaTeJIb, BBiI'eKTRpyeTcJI cmaThIM BOS)I;YXOltf, CMemllBaeTCJI C HBM II Hanpa-
BJIJleTCJI BBYTPb pYKan8. nO)l;06HbIe annapaThI 06ecnetJIIBalOT HenpepbIBHyIO pa60TY
71
MamBHLI 6es pesepBHLIX YCTaHOBOK, HO TaJIbK AOJDReH 6ldTb xopomo npocymeHHLIM
B HeKoMKyIOm;BMCJI. tlT061d TaJIbK He KOMKOBaJICJI ero npeABapDTeJIbHO npoceBBaIOT
D nOAorpeBaIOT. nOAorpeB OCYlI\eCTBJIJleTCJI B 6YHKepe 9JIeKTpOCnBpaJIJlMD.
2.10.3. 060PY AOBaHHe AnR oT6opa, OXna>KAeHHR
H CYWKH rpaHyn KaYLlYKa H MaTOLlHblX cMeceA
060pYAoBaHBe AJIJI oT60pa, OXJIamAeHBJI B cymKD rpaHYJI KaytIYKa B MaTOtIHLIX
peSBHOBIdX CMeceH 06LItIHO BCnOJIbsyeTcJI B COCTaBe nOTOtIHbIX JIBHBH DJIB COOTBeT-
CTBYIOm;BX yCTaHOBOK. )J.JIJI OXJIamAeHDJI B cymKB rpaHYJI BCnOJIbSYIOT Bpam;a-
IO BiicJl 6apa6aH, B KOTOpldH rpaHYJILI nOAaIOTCJI JIeHTOtIHLIM TpaHcnopTepOM BJID
mHeKOBbIM nBTaTeJIeM.
Deb numamenn pomapHOtaJ _
-290
li
J
8000
Deb eHqo o' Jg4vomoiJ napbI
y S 6i 7
PIJC. 2.22. YCTaBoBKa 6apa6aBBoro TlUIa JlJI oXJl eaIJJI rpasYJI peaBBoBoit cueclJ MIJ ua-
TYpaJIbBOrO KaY'fYKa:
1 - BBOpOTPaHCnOPTeP; 2 - JleRTO'1HW8: TPaHCDOPTep; a - aarpyaOqRall 1'OJI0BKa GapaGaRa; 4 - KOPDYC
GapaOaHa; 6, '1 - OaHA3IK; 6 - ayO'l3roe KOJII>I{O; 8 - POTOpHbIA DBTaTem>; 9 - JlOTOK; 10 - ODopRaa: CTaaQIUI;
11 - DPBBO.; 12 - yuopBG-onopRaJI CTaBI{IIJI; 18 - DpBBOA TPaRCDOpTepa.
B peSHHOBIdX npOHSBOACTBaX npBMeHJlIOTCJI 6apa6aHLI aaBoAa «npOrpecc».
3TH 6apa6aHbI He 06eCnetIHBaIOT He06xOABMoii CTeneHH npocymRB, n09ToMY B Ba-
CTOJl ee BpeMJI OHB SaMeHJlIOTCJI 6apa6aHufB, paspa60TaHBldMH HHKTH, KOTopLIe
BMeIOT AOnOJIHHTeJIbHlde nepeMemBBaIO Be pe6pa B 06eCnetIBBaIOT AOJImBYIO CTe-
neHL oXJIamAeHHJI H npocynnm rpaHYJI. CxeMa YCTaHoBKB oXJIamAaIO ero 6apa6aBa
nOKasaHa Ha pBC. 2.22. HHme npHBeAeHa TeXHBtIeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTHKa OXJIa-
AHTeJIbHLIX 6apa6aaoB:
OXJlaJUtTeJJbBwt Oa- OXnaABTeJll>Rwt Ga-
paGaH aaBoAa <<IIpor- paOaR HHKTH
pecc»
npOTRBOTOKOM
npH HJJ 06pa60TKR rpaBYJI
Pa8M6p 6apa6aBa, MM
AuaM6Tp........
JIRBa ............
'IacToTa Bpa eHRJi 6apa6aaa, 06/MRH
YrOJI HaKJIOBa 6apa6aHa, rpaAYCbI
TeMDepaTypa rpaHYJl, 0 C
DPR BXOAe B 6apa6aH .
DPR BblXOAe DS 6apa6ana
3J1eKTp0.l(BuraTeJlb DpHBOAa
THO. . . . . . .
MO HOCTb, KBT . .
'13CTOTa Bpa eHRH, 06/MHH
Pe YKTOp . . . . . . . . . .
ra6apRTHble paSMepbl YCTaaOBKR, 101M
JIHBa .
mRpRHa
BblCOTa
Macca, T
72
1000
8000
7.8; 10; 12; 35
1-4
A02-42-4
5,5
1500
nC-IV-28
10000
2000
2200
2200
12 000
2,08/4.11
4
120-130
40-60
A02-72-12/6
7.5/14
480 /950
PM7506-n-3
14 200
3000
3720
36,0
B Ka1leCTBe 6YBKepa npOMemYT01lBOrO XpaBemUI YCTaBaBJIllBaIOT Bpa aIOIlUleCJI
eMROCTII KOBCTpyK UII HHIm'H.
TeXBlJ1IeCKaJl XapaKTepllCTIIKa TaKOB eMKOCTII CJleAYIO aJl:
Pa3MepLl 6apa6aBa, MIl
ABaMeTp ................
AJlDBa .................
nOJlBbli 061.eM, liS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BlleCTBIIOCTb 6apaOaBa DpB BaCLlDBOi nllO'l'-
BOCTB rpaBYJI 0,6 TIllS B ](09 DeBTe sa-
nOJIBeBIDI 0,5, T ....
'IacTOTa Bpa1l\eBHJI, oo/MBII
3JIeKTpO BraTeJII> DpBBo a
TIUl .........
MOJD,BOCTb, KBT . . . . .
1IaCTOTa BpaIl(eBBJI, 06/MHB
Pe.nYRTOp ...........
ra6apRTBLle pasMepll YCTaBOBKB, ....
JIBBa
ompBBa
BLlOOTa
Macca, T .
2200
10000
41
15
1.03-2,05
JIOK-81-12/6
1216
490/970
n 02-30DJ,-101.7
11075
3637
3620
32.5
2.11. nPHMEHEHHE LfEPBflLfHblX MAWHH
B ArPErATAX
tJepBlABHe MamllBH C npllBoAoM, nOSBOJIJlIO IIM nJIaBBO perYJlllpOBaTL 1II1CJIO
060POTOB 1IepBJlRa B 60JILmOM AIIanaSOBe, mllpoKo IICnOJILsYIOTCJI B arperaTax
(AJIJI nllTaBBJI peslIBoB KaJIaBAPoB) 11 B nOTO'IBHX TeXBOJIOl'll1leCKIIX JI1IHIIJlX. OBII
Moryr pa60TaTL C P}"IBLIM 11 C aBTOMaTlJ1leCKIDf perYJIllpOBaBlleM.
.II.JIJI nOJIytleBIIJI IISAeJId liS ABYX llJIII Tpex B OB peslIBLI npllMeBJlIOTCJI
KOM6uBllpOBaBBHe YCTaBoBKII liS ABYX llJIII Tpex 1IepBJl'lBLIX MamllB, BHAaBJIllBa-
IOIIUIX IISAeJIBe 1Iepes 06 yIO rOJIOBRY. B YCTaBoBKax AJIJI BHnycKa sarOTOBOK
npoTeKTopoB liS ABYX peslIB Ball60JIee 1IaCTO nplDfeBJlIOTCJI ABe 1IepBlABHe MaIIIBBH
3, 5, YCTaBOB.JIeBBHe OABa npoTIIB APyroB (pIIC. 2.23), B aTOM CJIytlae 1IepBJlRII
MamllB AeJIalOT BeCKOJIbKO AJImmee 061i111BHx, 1IT06H OBII SaXOAIIJIII B 06 ylO ro-
.JIOBKY 4. 'YcTaBaBJIIIBaIOT ABe MamllBLl OAIIHaKOBOrO llJIII paSBHX paSMepOB (Ba-
nplDfep, C 1IepBJlKaMII AJlaMeTpOM 150 11 200 MM llJIII 200 II 250 MM). MamllBY 3
MomBO oToABllraTL AJIJI MOBTama rOJIOBKII npll nOMO B MexaBIISMa 2.
Y CTaBOBR8 '1epBJl'Uloi M81D1111Y B 8rper8Te C BaJlI(OBOi I'OJIOBKOi.
(f>lIpMa «BepcToP4»4». 11 Ap. Ba1laJIII cepBiiBo IISrOTaBJIIIBaTL YCTaBOBKII (arpe-
raTH), COCTOJlIlUle liS 1IepBJI1IBOB MaIIIBBH co eJIeBOB rOJIOBKOB II BaJIKOBOB ro-
JIOBKII. DocJIeABJIJI npeACTaBJIJleT C060B ABa rOpllSOBTaJIbBO pacnOJIOmeBBHX BaJIRa:t
pa60TalO BX aBaJIOI'II'IBO KaJIaBAPY. 'Y CTaBOBKII BLIIIyCKaIOTCJI C '1epBJI1IBI>IMJI
MamllBaMII TenJIOrO llJIII XOJIOABoro nIlTaBB'JI. 3TH YCTaBOBKII npeABasBa1leBH AU
IISrOTOBJIeBIIJI 06KJIQAo'IBoro CJIOJl TpaBCnOpTepBHx JIeBT, TOBROB npoKJIQAoqaoi
JIIICTOBOB peslIBLI, nOAomBeBBoB nJIaCTllBH, IIS0JIJI OBBHX nOKpHTIIB 11 KpoBen-
BbIX MaTepBaJIOB, a TaKme AJIJI JIIICTOBaBIIJI peslIBoBoB cMecII, npllrOTOBJIeBBOI
B peslIBoCMeCIITeJIe.
tJepBWlBaJI MamllBa TenJIOro nllTaBIIJI (AllaMeTp '1epBJlKa 150 MM, LID = 6)"
BXOAJI aJl B COCTaB TaKOR YCTaBOBKII, nOKasaBa Ba pllC. 2.24. HaK BBABO liS
pIlCYBKa, 1IepBWlBYIO MamllBY MomBO nepeMe aTb no BanpaBJIJlIO 1 (Ba PH-
CYBKe OBa nOKasaBa B OTOABIIHYTOM nOJIOmeBD1I). MamllBa B pa601leM nOJIomemm
meCTKO COeAJIBeBa co CTaBlIBOB BaJIKOBOB rOJIOBKII TJlrOB 2 BO IIs6emaBue OTxOAa
npu mnpll eBamm BCJIeACTBlle COSAaIO erOCJI B BeB AaBJIeBIIJI (0,5-2,5 MDa).
73
<0
o
80
...
80
'"
o
i
Q
Q
""
;
n
!
.=
og;
:COlI
:is:>.
e3!
"'l1li
00
CU Ill
d
i
.g
cd!!
CUSj
i
et;
11'0
:;=
.. ! I
" cu..
o fi..
IQ OIl.
1:(.
o j:Q
'" OQ
CI$ I ...
co a
H .. 0
:is ..
m.h
il;i
i a.
S m
a:
/:I OIl
CI$ fie
IQ OIl II'
foo 1:(0
i
I
!a
.a:
/:I m"
iHm
!ie
III'
8..:;
Q) =
'.:e
/:I
IOI
H
..
a
:is cu =
m =
IQ
I
.......
gi a:..
..cu
H s:>.:c
I>. 31
IQ l1li1;
1:1:0 0
co I
11:1 CUoj
foo filii
CI$ OIl s:>.
;
o
t
. ..
I:;
.
Ef
c:-e
oo
.l:Ie
II
II. .....
IlIlIpOKOll\eJIeBaH rOJIOBKa 3 KpenHTCH Ba KpOBmTeB:Be 5; nOJIOmeBlle ee perYJIII-
PyeTC1I nBeBMaT1I'IeCKIIM I\HJIIIBAPOM 4. lJepBHK npllBOAIITCH BO Bpa
eBHe 3JIeKTpO-
p;BllraTeJIel\{ 9 qepes peAYKTOp 8. IlIlIpOKO
eJIeBaH rOJIOBKa CKOBCTpYllpoBaBa TaK t
1JTO 06eCneqHBaeT paBBOMepBhIB: nOTOK MaTepllaJIa no BCeB: mHpHBe
eJIII.
PesHHa liS qepBHqBOB: MamHBl>l nOAaeTCH Benocpep;CTBeBBO B sasop MemAY
BaJIKaMII BaJIKOBOB: rOJIOBKH, rAe 11 4>opMyeTCH npo4>IIJIb IISAeJIIIH. llplleMBoe YCTpoii-
CTBO sa BaJIKaMII oT611paeT nOJIOTBO B ropllSOBTaJIbBOM BanpaBJIeBHH 11 Be AaeT
eMY BOSMomBOCTII 060rBYTb BaJIOK. 'Y CTpoiicTBa sa BaJIKaMII npep;HaSBaqeBhI AJIH
OXJIamAeBIIH t BaMOTKII llJIH paspesaBHH nOJIOTBa Ba KYCKII 11 CKJIaAhIBaBIIH IIX
B cTony.
IIpll BhInYCKe JIIICTOBO:B: pesBBhI nOCTOllBBOB: TOJI
IIBhI Be06xoAHMO t qT06hI
06
eMBaH npOIlSBOAIITeJIbBOCTb BaJIKOBO:B: rOJIOBKB CTporo COOTBeTCTBOBaJIa npo-
HSBOAIITeJIbBOCTII qepBWlBOB: MamllBhI. STO AocmraeorcH perYJIllpOBaBHeM qaCTOTLI
Bpam;eBIIH BaJIKOB 11 AaBJIeBHH B qepBHqBOB: Mamne cneI\lIaJIbBhIM aBTOMaT1I'IeCKIIM
YCTpO:B:CTBOM. TeXBHqeCKaH xapaKTepllCTllKa cepriBhIx YCTaBOBOK C BaJIKOBO:B:
rOJIOBKOB: 4>lIpMhI «BepcTop4Jql) npllBOAHTCH B Ta6JI. 2,4,
Y CTaBOBKH C qepBHqBOB: MamHHOB: H BaJIKOBOB: rOJIOBKOH HMeIOT PHA npellMY-
eCTB nepeA KaJIaBApaMII. B qaCTBOCTll t Ba 3TIIX YCTaBOBKax sa OAHH npOXOA
MOiRBO nOJIyqaTb TOJICThIe JIIICTOBhIe MaTepllaJIhI 6es nyshIpe:B: 11 C xopomeB: no-
BepXBOCTbIO. RpoMe TOro, OBII BaAemBhI B pa60Te II npOCThI B 06CJIymIlBaBHH.
r nASA 3
BAl1bUbl
3.1. HA3HALfEHHE H KnACCHdJHKA HfI
BaJIb hI COCTORT 113 ABYX llJIII Tpex napaJIJIeJIbBO pacnOJIomeBBhIX nOJIhIX
UaJlJWB, Bpa aIO IIXCR BaBCTpe'lY APyr APyry. BaJIb hI npllMeHJIIOTCR AJIR nJIa-
CTHRa JUI RaY'lYRa, npHrOTOBJIeBIIR peSHBOBbIX cMeceii, pa30rpeBa IIX nepeA
RaJIaBAPOBaBlleM 11 mnpll eBaBHeM, a TaRme B npOll3BOACTBe pereBepaTa.
COBpeMeBBhIe BaJIb hI OCBa eBhI H3MepllTeJILBhIMII npll60paMII 11 BcnOMora-
'TeJILBhIMII YCTpOBCTBaMII. OABaRO 3TIIM MamllBaM npllcY 1I cepbeaBLIe BeAOCTaTRH-
ne60JILmaR npOllaBOAIITeJIbBOCTb, TPYABOCTb repMeTHaa lUI npll 06pa60TRe Ba
HIIX nhIJIR IIX MaTepllaJIOB (oc06eBBO cameBhIX cMeceii), onaCBOCTI> pa60TbIo TaR
RaR pa60'leMY npllXOAIITCR IIMeTI> AeJIO C ornphIThIMII Bpa aIOIl(IIMIICR BaJIRaMII.
ll03TOMY BaJIL hI nOCTeneBBO BhITeCBRIOTCR CMeCHTeJIbBhIMII MamllBaMII aaRphIToro
THna - nJIaCT1IJ(aTOpaMII, rpaBYJIRTOpaMH, cJIa66epaMII. TeM Be MeBee BaJIL hI
IDllpORO npllMeBRIOTCR Ba Be60JIbmHX npeAnpIlRTIIRX, Ba RpynBhIx aaBOAax C 60JIb-
mHM aCCOpTllMeBTOM HaAemm AJIR npllrOTOBJIeBIDI 6eccameBhIX peaHBOBhIX cMecei
llJIII CMeceH nOBLImeBBO:B: meCTROCTH, Ba aaBOAax peallBOBhIX TeXBII'IeCRIIX lIaAemm
11 saBOAax peSHHOBO:B: 06YBH; HCnOJIbsYIOTCR OBH TaRme 11 AJIR nOAorpeBa peaHHhI
nepeA o6pa60TRO:B: ee Ba RaJIaBApaX, '1epBR'IBhIX MamllBax.
3.1.1. CxeMa pa60Tbi Banb OB
06pa6aTHBaeMhIB MaTepllaJI (RayqYR HJIH peSIIBOBaR cMecb) B Bl'lAe RYCROB
HJIII nJIaCTIIB aarpymaIOT Ba BaJIL LI (pIIC. 3.1) H MBorORpaTBO nponYCRaIOT 1Iepea
3aaop MemAY Bp aIO HMIICR BaJIRaMH 111 3. RayqyR HJIII pe3HBOBaR CMeCb BTR-
rllBaIOTCR B 3aaop nOA AeHCTBHeM CHJIhI TpeBHR H B peaYJIbTaTe BosBBKaIO ero
C enJIeBHR (aAreaHH) MemAY 06pa6aTbIBaeMbIM MaTepllaJIOM 11 nOBepXBOCTbIO Bpa-
n\aIO nXCR BaJIROB. llpH aTOM SOBa Ae4>opMa IIB 11 CTeneBb saXBaTa MaTepHaJIa
BaJII<aMII onpeAeJIRIOTCR yrJIOM aaXBaTa a ROTOphIi, no AaBBhIM paaJIII1IBhIX aBTopOB,
Ko.lIe6JIeTCR B npeAeJIaX OT 10 AO 45°.
llepeABHn 11 aaAHlln BaJIRII Bpa aIOTCR C paaml'lBhIMII oRpymBbIMH CROpO-
CTRMII. OTBomeBlle oRpymBon CKOpOCTII aaABero BaJIa V 2 K oKpymBon CROpOCTH
nepeAHero BaJIRa VI BaahIBaeTCR 4>PIlR en H 060aBa'laeTCR 6YKBOn j. BCJIeACTBHe
paSHOCTII CKopOCTeB Bpa eBHR BaJIKOB B 06pa6aThIBaeMOM MaTepHaJIe BoaBHRaro
Ae4>opMawm CABllra 11 cpeaa, a B SOBe Ae4>opMa H COaAaeTCR Bpa aro HBcR sanae
MaTepnaJIa 2, KOTOphIB nOCTeneBHO BTRrllBaCTCR B aaaop MemAY BaJIRaMH, YCHJIeHBO
B BeM nepeMemllBaeTCR 11 nepeTllpaeTCR, pacnpeAeJIRRCb no Bceu AJIHBe aasopa.
06pa6aThIBaeMaR Macca BbIXOABT HS aaaopa B BIIAe JIHCTa, OTRJIOHRIO erOCR B CTO-
POHY BaJIRa, Bpa aIO erOCR e MeBLmen oRpymHoH CROpOCTbIO (RaR npaBHJIO,
nepeABero no OTBomeBHIO R pa60TaIO eMY Ha BaJIL ax), npllJIBnaeT K BeMY, 06-
paSYR Ba BaJIRe CnJIomBOB CJIOB 4, HashIBaeMhIH mKYPRoH llJIII «my60B».
llpll MBorORpaTBOM nponycRaBHH 06pa6aThIBaeMoro MaTepllaJIa 1Iepea aaaop
MeiKAY BaJIRaMH OH nOABepraeTCR IIBTeBcHBBoMY nepeMemllBaBllIO, 1IeMY cnoc06-
CTByeT nOApeaRa (BpyqBYIO HJIH C nOMO LIO MeXaBll'leCKOrO Boma) 06paaYIO erocR
.Ra B8JIKe CJIOR. TOJI HBa CJIOR perYJIHpYeTCR BeJIII1I1IR0B aaaopa MemAY BaJIKaMII
77
OBII OTJlHQalOTClI OT CMeCmeJIbBbIX BaJIb
OB SBaQeBlleM
PHK
III1, COCTaBJIRIOII\D1
OT 1 : 1,27 TI.O 1 : 1,37. I1oCJIeTI.Bee SBaqeBlle
pIlK
1I HMelOT BaJIb
ld, npeTI.BaSBa-
qeBHlde ;g;JIlI 06pa6oTKII 'ReCTRllX CltleceD:. lIHorTI.a nOBepXBOCTb saTI.Bero BaJIRa
BLIDOJIBlIeTCH pH
JIeBOD:.
I1o;g;orpeB3TeJIbBlde BaJIb
1d 60JIbmllX paSMepOB cBa6malOTClI 3JIeKTpOTI.BU-
raTeJIeM ;g;JIlI perYJIUpOBaB1llI sasopa MemTI.Y BaJIRaMII 11 paSBOTI.a IIX B aBapIID:BIdX
c.llyqaHx, a TaRiRe YRaaaTeJIeM BeJllI1lBBId sasopa. ,IJ;JIR cpesaBIIR peSIIBOBOD: CMeCII
B BII,IJ;e HenpepbIBBOD: JIeBTId nOTI.OrpeBaTeJIbBlde BaJIb
1d o60PYTI.OBaHbI Cne
aJIbHbIMII
HOiRaMlI, paccToRBHe Me»(TI.Y ROTOpldMII MomBO perYJIllpOBaTb BpyqBYIO llJIII C no-
MOll\blO 3JIeKTpOTI.BlIraTeJIR. ROJIlI'IecTBO BomeR onpeTI.eJIReTCR qllCJIOM cpesaeMldx
C BaJIb
OB JIeHT.
Pa«{JuBupyroID;ue Bam.D;b1 (puc. 3.3) npeTI.BaSBaqalOTCR TI.JIR OqUCTRII peSUBO-
BIdX cMeceu, R3yqYKOB 11 pereBepaTa OT TBepTI.IdX BRJIlOqeHuii 11 'ReCTRllX qaCTII
.
,IJ;JlH npeTI.BapIlTeJIbHOD: OqllCTKII 06pa6aTldBaeMoro MaTepllaJIa OT TBepTI.IdX BRJIIO-
qeBIID: npllMeHRIOTCR TaK BaSIdBaeMlde 6peRep-BaJIb
ld, a TI.JIR OKOB'laTeJIbBOD:
OqUCTRU - pll
aD:Bep-BaJIb
ld. Ha pa
1IHIIPYlOlI\UX BaJIbD;aX B OTJI1Iqlle OT TI.Pyrllx
BaJlb
OB C'beltI MaTepllaJIa npOIlSBOTI.UTCR C saTI.Bero BaJIKa BomOM, nOCJIe qero Ma-
TepUaJI nepeTI.aeTCR Ba Cne
lIaJIbBOe YCTpOD:CTBO TI.JIR 6es6061U1BOD: saRaTRU ero
B PYJIOHId. I1pll IICnOJIbSOBaBIIII pa
uHIIPYlOlI\UX BaJIbI{OB B KaqeCTBe 6peKep-BaJIb-
OB HO)R CBIIMaeTCR C BaJIb
OB llJIII OTBOTI.HTCR B CTOPOBY.
I1oBepxHocTb pa60qllx qaCTeU BaJIROB rJIaTI.KaR, 60qK006pasBaR, 6JIaroTI.apa
qeMY TBepTI.lde BKJIlOqeBIIR, COTI.epiRall\lIeCR B 06pa6aTHBaeMoM MaTepUaJIe, BLl-
TI.aBJIIIBaIOTCR R RpaJIM BaJIKOB 11 YTI.aJIRIOTCR BMeCTe C KpOMKOD: MaTepllaJIa. BOqKU
BaJIKOB pa
BBIIPYlOlI\IIX BaJIbI{OB UMelOT paSJI1I'IHLIe TI.1IaMeTpH: nepeTI.Bero BaJIRa -
490 MM, a S3TI.Hero - 610 1&{M;
pHKI{IIR - 1 : 1,255. npll npeTI.BapUTeJIbHOD:
OqUCTRe TOJIlI\lIHa CJIOR MaTepllaJIa Ba BaJIKe COCTaBJIReT 0,25 MM, a npu OKOOqa-
TeJIbHOD: - 0,15 MM.
,1J;po6UJIbBble BaJIbU;b1 npUMeBRIOTCR B npOIlSBOTI.CTBe pereBepaTa B npu nepe-
pa60TRe npopeSIIHeOHMX TRaHeD: TI.JIR TI.p06JIeOBR CTapOD: peslIEDl 11 TeRCTIIJIbHLlS
OTXOTI.OB. PaSMepbI 60qeK BaJIKOB 11
pIlK
IIR TaRlle me, KaK Y pa
BBOpyIOIl\BX
BaJIb
OB. I1oBepxBOCTb 60qeK BaJIROB pll
JIeBaR. B oacTORm;ee BpeMR OaqBBalOT
BbInycKaTbcR 60JIee MOll\HbIe BaJIb
Ll C BaJIKaMH TI.llaMeTpOM 710 MM.
PaSMa1lblBaIOID;Be BaJIb
b1 npeTI.HaSBaqeBH TI.JIR MeJIROrO TI.p06JIeBIIR OTXOTI.OB
peSBBLl, npopesBBeHBOD: TRaOB 11 a60BBTa, n03TOMY IIX BBOrTI.a BaSIdBalOT MeJIb-
HUtlHLlMH. 06a BaJIRa IIMelOT OTI.HHaROBLlD: TI.lla!\leTp 11 rJIaTI.KYIO
BJIBBnpBqeCRYIO
nOBepXBOCTb;
pBR
BR BLlme (1 : 4), qeM Y TI.P06HJIbBIdX BaJIbI{OB. no KonCTpYR
UU
pasMa.'1'bIBalOlI\ue BaJIbD;Ll aHaJIOmqBLl CMeCIITeJIbRbIM 11 nOTI.OrpeBaTeJIbRLlM.
npOMblBBble B8JIbD;b1, BLlnYCRaeMLle saBOTI.O!\1 «TaM60BnoJIIIMepMam», BCnOJIb-
SYIOTClI ;J;JIR OTMLlBRB HaTypaJIbBOrO II CBHTeTllqeCROfO Kay<IYKOB OT MeXaBlI'IeCRUX
BRJIlOqeHIIU; OHII pa60TalOT C
pBR
lIeD: 1 : 1,38. ,IJ;lIaMeTp 60qeK BaJIKOll OTJ.IloaRO"
BLlD:, nOBepXBOCTb pB
JIeBalI.
JIa6opaTopBble BaJIbl\b1 (puc. 3. 4) npBMeHlIlOTCR TI.JIR JIa60paTQPHHX 'II BCCJleTI.O-
BaTeJIbCRIIX pa60T. OBIIIIMelOT OTBOCIITeJIbBO Be60JIbmBe paSMepH BaJIKOB B OTJIU-
qaIOTCR OT npOMMmJIeHnbIX 60JIbmlUI ROJIB1IeCTBOM perYJIllpYlOll\1IX 11 perllCTpll-
VYIOIl\UX npB60poB 11 BcnOMOraTeJIbHIdX YCTPOD:CTB, a TaKme npIlBOTI.OM. qacTo
TI.JIR RamTI.OfO BaJIKa TI.eJIaIOT OTTI.eJILHbID: npIlBOTI., nOSBOJIRIOIl\IID: pa60TaTb c paSJIBq-
HbIMII qaCTOTaMII Bp8ll\eBlIR BaJIROB 11 C paSBOD:
pHKI{lIeu (c nJIaBBOD: peryJIBpOBROR
B mllpOKIIX npeTI.eJIax).
B COOTBeTCTB1III C fOCT 1433-69 IISfOTaBJIIIBalOTCR BajJb
H CJIelIyIOIl\1IX
TllnOB: JIa60paTopBhIe (JI6), nOTI.OrpeBaTeJIbBbIe (I1TI.), CMeCUTeJIbBHe (CM), TI.PO-
6BJIbBbIe (,[(p), npOMbIBHbIe (llp), paSMaJIHBalOlI\Ue (Ps), pa
IIHllpyroll\lIe (P
) 11
I CMeCHTeJILHO-nOTI.OrpeBaTeJIbHbIe (CM-I1TI.). ,[(lIaMeTp 11 TI.JIlUla pa60qeii qaCTII BaJI-
KOB (B MM) onpeTI.eJIRIOT TllnopaSMep BaJIb
OB Toro llJIII TI.pyroro BaSBaqeHIIR.
BaJIb
m KamTI.OrO TunopaSMepa HMelOT paaJIJRHhIe oKpymHHe CKopocm BaJIROB,
79
'"
S
II
::
'"
:.:
'"
eo
*
i
I
8.
!
!
I
J
!
j
i f.
! 'I
I ::cr
=
II i l
1 ii
It
III I
"
II) IQ ; ,.
.;t : ",a
81
I
<0 ...,. go!
0
s
<;>
00 :e;
i i I
''''
"= .. .-
:I ...'"
"-: to 'i5
.-
I:I
; ":i
Ii
I
= :
;e! ;.go
III .4
0:(1
cr) !,..
cr) .. ..
=:a
U I
11:1 O>Q,
.;..
nOBepXBOCTB BaJIKOB B UpBBO,1J.LI. XapaKTepBCTBKa BaJIbIl;OB, BhIUYCKaeMHX OTe-
1IeCTBeBBl>lMJI SaBOAaMJI, BX napaMeTpH B ra6apBTBhIe paSMepH npBBeAeBLI B KOs:u;e
rnaBH (CM. Ta6n, 3.2).
'Y CJIOBBOe 060SBa1leB1le BaJIbll;OB perJIaMeBTBpOBaBO rOCT 1433-69. HanpB-
Mep, CMeCBTeJIbBLIe BaJIbll;LI C AJIBBOB 601leK BaJIKOB 2130 MM, }J.IIaMeTpOM 601lKB:
nepe
ero B saABero BaJIKOB 660 MM B npaBHM npBBOAOM 6YAYT lIMeTb CJIeAYJO
ee
060sua1lepe: BaJIb
CM 2130 : n rOCT 1433-69.
BanbD;H Bcex Bu;o;OB B paaMepOB BSrOTOBJIRIOTCR B B APyra:X COD,JIaJIHCTJI1IeCKBX
(qCCp, r,np B AP.), a TaK)Ke B KaD1lTaJIIICTB'leCKBX (CllA, AurJIIDl, cnpr, HnOB'llR)
10
5
, ,
$
$$...
4
-
.
.
12
1.150
2180
.9
. 100
he. 3.4. Jla60pa'fOp11118
200 100 JI
C1toro 88BOJ(a tM8T8.mmm:
J - C'rUIBBa; . - DPIIBOJI; 8 - MeXIIRB8M pel'ynupoJIaRBJI 3a30pa; 4 - BaJJOK; $ - Bepmee aeapdBoe BbI-
J(JJJO'leBBe; 8 - CTOlJ<a; 7 - II}'JII>T KOBTPOJII>Ro-II8MepBTeJlbllWJ: DPBGoPOB; 8 - Bell'l'llml PY'lBoro peI'YJlBPOB8-
BBJI TellDepa'I'yJIlI; 9, J2 - BIIGpoB8OJJBpYJOIIIBe ODOPbI; 10 - RB)f(Bee aeapBIHoe BbIJ(JIJOQeBBe; 11 - KRODICII
}'DPUlJleBIUI D}'CICOM B OCTaROBOM aneKTPOABRl'aTeJJel.
CTpauax, no TBuopaSMepaM 3TB BaJIbll;hI 6JIBSKB K BaJIbll;aM, BhIUYCKaeMhIM OTe-
1IeCTBeBBOB upOMhImneBBOCTblO. TeXBB'leCKaR xapaKTepBCTBKa ueKOTopHX BaJIb-
II;OB, BHUYCKaeMhIX sapy6e)KBLIMB
BpMaMB, upBBeAeBa BB)Ke (CM. Ta6JI. 3.3).
8.2. YCTPOACTBO BAnbl.\OB
Ha pBC. 3.5. nOKasaBO YCTPOBCTBO COBpeMeBUHX CMeCBTeJIbBHX BaJIbll;OB
660
C pasMepoM 601leK BaJIKOB 2130 660 ' C BBABBBAyaJIbBhIM npaBHM npBBoAoM,
BhInYCKaeMhIX saBOAOM «BOJIbmeBBK».
ABa nOJIhIX BaJIKa (nepeABBB 1 B saABBB 2), Bp
alO
BeCJI BaBCTpe1lY APyr
,1\pyry B nOAJllBnBBKax Ka'leBBJI 9, YCTaBOBJIeBhI B CTaUBBax 4. llocJIe.I{B1Ie CTJlByTLI
TpaBepcaMB 5 B 06pasYIOT upRMoyrOJIbBHe OKBa, B KOTOpHX YCTaBOBJIeBhI Kopnyca
6 3aIC33 163 81
o
'"
f
....
'<)
<:>::
1
<:>::
,
l>-
I
to
01)
""
, :iUii:;';,;H
Eaalll",
g!1i
t!U
i
g=!
"'1:{"oEio O 2
3
lia ":':
eo
e I !i!:i i1I
oJ:!
I
!
I
"'
..
s:>...o",
I..:.;I!"'
&"'CII
..1;
"'l:IiigfCCllCIJ
..8.'" oEl..
!i:
rgl
&:i
:ili
..
..U
l:Igillllli
° I O ) .. , ::Jli"':: :.:
coco cu OIl..."'....
co co
...II: I"'
'."'i
o ..
..-2......;L1h'*
J
=:"'l;oI
!
g
"1=!ii8!
ig.
:21 :.;...
li lies:>.
":II:': I 08<>
,.Q ojCII ! !iI ".1118
= ",I!! I:{ ..i..."'CII
t:Q *=:>::1 I t>... s:>."'g III
113 it I
i;,;
I!
cQ s:>. I .. "'
Q, 1... ...
....;,;jg
e 2..."".
Q I iGbl!Q, II:{
..=
.E;..s
..."0"'!S"
- ...1IIr::..<>..s:>.
...1i!1I'
to ::$
""
I::S
.:t
....
D01l.WHnHHKOB BaJIKOB. CTaHBHbI B TpaBepCbI, KaK npaBBJIO, OTJIBBalOTCR D:S CTaml
II HfvlelOT SHallHTeJIbHhlH 3anac npOllHOCTH. CTaHBHbI YCTaHOBJIeBbI Ba MaCCIIBBO:B
<}IYH1l.aMeHTHoii nJIHTe 7, H3rOTOBJIeHHOH BS lIyryna 11m meJIea06eToHa. Kopnyca
n01l.um:nHHKOB 3a)];HCrO BaJIKa yCTaHOBJIeBbI B CTaHBHax Hen01l.BHmBO II SaKpenJIeHLI
B HHX 60JITar.m 6 (B aa1l.HeH CTeHKe CTaHRHLI).
AJIa HaMeHeHHa BeJIBlIHHbI sasopa Mem1l,y BaJIKaMH Kopnyca n01l.mBnHHKOB
nepe1l.Hero BaJIKa MorYT nepe1l.BllraTbCR no HanpaBJIRIOII\BM B;IJ;OJIb CTaHHHLI. llepe-
MeII\eHHe KopnycoB n01l.mBnHHROB nepe;IJ;HerO BaJIRa B CTaHHHax npOHaB01l.HTCR
HamUMHhlM BHHTOM 8 C nOMOm;blO MexaBBSMa perympoBaHHR sasopa. llOCJIeJJ.HHii
npHB01l.HTCa B 1l.eHCTBUe BpyqHYIO (MaXOBJI1IKOM 9 llJIII pyRORTKOH) HJIU OT 8JIeKTpO-
;IJ.BHraTeJIa 10. RaiI\p:hlR 113 ABYX HamllMHLIX BIIBTOB 8 ynHpaeTCR B Ropnyc DO.JJ.-
mHnHHKa nepep:Hero BaJIKa lIepes npe;IJ;OXpamrreJIbHyro maii6y. llpll neperpyaKp.
BaJIb OB HJIU npu nona;IJ;aHBH B sasop RaKOrO-JIH60 nOCTopOHHero npep:MeTa maHna
cpe3aCTca, nepe1l.HHH BaJIOK nO;IJ; ;IJ;eDcTBlleM pacnopHoro YCIIJIBR C1l.BuraeTCR, H sasop
Mem1l.Y BaJIKaMH YBeJIJI1IHBaeTCR. BJIaroAapR 8TOMY IICKJIlOlIaeTCR BOSMOiKBOCTb
nOJIOMKB BaJIb OB.
)l.JIJI OrpaBJI1IeHBR nepeMem;eHHR nepe;IJ;HBX BaJIKOB YCTaHOBJIeHLI KOH eBLIe
BLIKJIlOlIaTeJIH, KOTopLIe npB aa;IJ;aHHOM nOJIomeHBH BaJIKa OTKJII01I31OT 8JIeKTpO;IJ;BH-
raTeJIb 10 MeXaBJIaMa perYJIllpOBK1'I sa30pa. B HeKoTopLIX KOBCTPYK RX BaJIb OB
IIMeeTCR npe;IJ;OXpaHIITeJIbHOe YCTPOHCTBO, He ;IJ;OnYCKalOm;ee npnmaTlIR nepe;IJ;HerO
BaJIKa K Sa;IJ;HeMY. )l.JIR ROHTpOJlR sa paBHOMepHLIM nepeMem;eHHeM nepe1l.Hero
BaJIKa U BeJIII'UIBOii S8sopa Mem;IJ;y BaJIKaMII Ha Ram1l.0H CTaHDBe YCTaHOBJIeHLI
p:BCKD: 11 C YKaaaTeJIRMII BeJIJI1IHHLI sasopa.
Bo H36emaHHe nOna;IJ;aHBR 06pa6aTLIBaeMoro MaTepB8JIa B nO;IJ;mHDBHRH
BaJIb LI UMelOT Cne 3JILHLIe sam;HTHLIe YCTpoHcTBa 13, HaSLIBaeMLIe CTpeJIKaMB.
llpHBO)J; BaJIL OB ocym;eCTBJIReTCR OT 8JIeKTpO;IJ;BllraTeJIR 21 MOm;HOCTblO 160 KBT
lIepea pe1l,YKTop 19. 3JIeKTpOABUraTeJIb C peAYRTopoM YCTaHOBJIeHLI Ha 06m;eB
cIIYH1l.aMeHTHoii nJIHTe C BaJIb aMB. Ha BLIXO;IJ;HOB BaJI 17 pe;IJ;yRTopa HacameHa
MaJIaR Bep:ym;aR mecTepHR 18, HaXO;IJ;Rm;aRCR B sa enJIeHmI C 60JIbmOB Be1l.0MOH
npBBO)];HOH mecTepHeii 14, HacameBHoH Ha meBKY Sa;IJ;HerO BaJIRa. qepea 8TY napy
mecTepeH H npHBO)];HTCR B ABlliI,eHBe aaAHd BaJIOK BaJIb OB. llepeABBH me BaJIOK
nOJIYllaeT 1l.BHmeHHe lIepea napy TaK Ha3LIBaeMLIX <}IpHK OHHLIX meCTepeH 12.
Bcc meCTepHH 3aKpLITY KomyxaMII 22 U 23. l101l.mHnHHRB BaJIKOB CMaSLIBalOTCR
rycToB CMaSKOH npH nOMOm;U pYllHoro Bacoca 27 THna HPr, pacnOJIOmeHHOro
co CTOpOHLI aa1l.HerO BaJIKa.
B8JIb LI cHa6meHLI YCTPOHCTBOM AJIR aBapHHHoro OCTaHOBa. OHO BLInOJIHeSO
B BHp:e ,ItBYX mTaHr 26, pacnOJIOmeBHLIx napaJIJleJIbBO 06pasYIOm;BM BaJIKOB sa
BLICOTe 1200 MM OT YPOBHa nOJla. llpH HamaTmI Ha mTaHry KOB ee lIepea CIf-
CTer.ry pLIlIarOB ;IJ;enCTBYIOT Ha BLIKJIlOlIaT9JIU, yRpeDJIeHHLIe Ha TpaBepcax BaJlb OB,
KOTopLIe npeKpam;alOT nO;IJ;allY TOKa K 8JIeKTp01l.BllraTeJlIO npHBO;IJ;a. OABOBpeMeHBO
BLIKJIIO'IaeTCR ::meKTpOMarHBT KOJIO;IJ;OllHOrO TopMosa 20 Ha BaJIY 8JIeKTpO;IJ;BllraTeJIR,
If TOpM03 (no)]; p:eHcTBHeM npymHHLI HJIH rpysa) aamUMaeT TOPM03BOH mKIIB.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C ;IJ;eiiCTByrom;BMB HopMaTDBaMD: no TeXBJlKe 6esonaCHotTD
anapHBHLIH BLIKJIlO1I8TeJIb p:OJImeH 06eCnellHTb 6esonacHYlO pa60TY Ha BaJIL ax.
llpu HesarpymeHHLIx BaJIb aX nYTb TopMomeHUR He ;IJ;OJImeH npeBLImaTb 1/. 060-
pOTa nepC)];HerO BaJIKa, HallHHaa C MOMeHTa HamaTHR Ha aBapHDHLIH BLIKJIlOlIaTeJIb.
llpn HarpymeHHLIx BaJIL aX CHCTeMa TopMomeHIDI AOJImHa 06eCnellHTb npaKTB-
'leCI\H MrnOBeHHYIO OCTaHOBKY BaJIKOB. B COBpeMeHHLIX BaJIb aX npu aBapHHHOM
TopMomeHHH nepep:HHB BaJIOK aBTOMaTJI1IeCKH OTO;IJ;BllraeTCR OT saABero, YBeJIH-
lIHBaa Ter.r caMLIM sasop Meil{;IJ;y HHMJI.
llpH 06pa60TRe MaTepHaJlOB Ha BaJIb aX BLI;IJ;eJIJleTCR 60JIbmOe KOJIJI1IeCTBO
TenJIa, BaJIKB H MaTepHaJI HarpeBalOTCR. )l.JIR OTBO;IJ;a 06pasYIOm;erOCR TenJIa D: OX-
JIail\;IJ;eHHa MaTepHaJIa H BaJIKOB nOCJIe;IJ;HBe HSrOTaBJIUBalOT nOJlLIMB. BHyrpeHHRR
nOBepXHOCTb BaJIKOB npOTa'lHBaeTCR II B nOJlOCTD: BaJlKOB no Tpy6e 24 lIepes <}Iop-
84
.
CYHKII nO)J;aeTCR BO)J;a, KOTOpaR OMLIBaeT BHyrpcHH1010 nOBepXHOCrb BaJIKOB, OX-
JIam)J;aeT IIX, II HenpepLIBHO CJIIIBaeTCR lIepea BOpOHKy B KOpLITO 25. llpll BaJIH1JIIII
BaJiKOBLIX nO)J;mllnHIIIWB CKOJIbmeHIIR B IIX Kopnyca TOiRe nO)J;aeTCR BO)J;a )J;JlR
,0XJlaiR)J;eHIIR.
3.2.1. OCHoBHble "I acTIo' H ysnbl
ct>yu)J;8MeBTB8R DJIIIT8 RBJlReTCR OCHOBaHlleM BeeH MamllHLI II BLInOJlHReTCR
B BRJl:e MaCCIIBHOH OTJIIIBKII (113 lIyrYHa MapKII Cq 15-32) YCBJIeHHOH pe6paMII
meCTKOCTH.
AJiR 3JWHOMRR lIepHLIX MeTaJlJlOB R CHlliI\eHRR TPY;IJ.OBLIX aaTpaT Ha OTelle-
CTBeHHLIX aaBO)J;ax <JIYH)J;aMeHTHLIe nJlIITLI BaJlb
OB C 601lKaMH BaJiKOB )J;JJIIHOH 800 MM
H 6o
ee HallaJlII IIsrOTaB.1JRBaTb Ra meJlea06eTOHa. TaKaR nJlIITa ;IJ.JIR CMeCRTeJlbHLIX
;Nl
J
. 2880
!
/2"0 z0,5
1045 r 1J.5
""
ilL
I I
8"/161108
I !
5
J Il
z
II
. I
321,0
"
5L-
PDC' 3.6. meJle806eTOBBaJi <)YB,u;aM8BTBaJi DJIDT8 BaJlb
OB:
1 - !lnaTBKn; , - C'J'aHallW AnI! .pyHAallleHTIIWX GonTOB; 8 - lIe'l'JIH AJIJI DOA'l>ella DJJBTbI; . - ICapHac. 11-
apllrlaTypa.
550
BaJlb
OB CM 800 550 nOKaa3Ha Ha pRC. 3.6. OHa BLInOJJHeHa 113 6eTOHa MapJ\H 400
C KapK8COM lIa apMaTypnoH CTaJiH ;IJ.RaMeTpOM 20 MM. Macca apMaTypLI (KapKaca)
COCTaBJIReT Bcero 10-12% OT MaCChI nJiRTLI. ,D;JlR KpcnJIeHDR CTaHRHLI, pe)J;YKTopa
II 3JIeKTpO)J;BRraTeJlR B iKeJJea06eTOHHYro nJIIITY BMOHTRpOBaHLI 06pa6oTaHHLIe
nJIaCTHHLI - nJIaTRKII 1, npHBapenHLIe J( OCHOBHOH apMaType. B MeCTe npoxo)J;a
If onRpaHHR <JIYH)J;aMeHTHLIx 60JITOB B nJIRTe RMelOTCR CTaKaHLI 2 RS CT3. Macca
YH)J;aMe.THoH nJIIITLI R3 lIyrYHa Cq 15-32 BaJlh
OB, )J;JIHBa 60QeK BaJiKOB KOTOpLIX
..
paBHa 2130 MM, C HH.u;HB yanLHMM npUBo.u;OM COCTaBnReT 3500 Kr, a Macca iKe-
nes06eTOHHoii IIJIJlTM BanL OB C .u;nDBoii 601leK BanKOB BOO MM - 3400 Kr.
CTaBBBa BaJlb OB OTnHBaeTCR liS CTanH MapKII 45JIII II mteeT meCTKyIO KOB-
CTpyK HIO, COCTOJU ylO lIS .u;BYX lIacTeii: C06CTBeHHO CTaHHHLI II TpaBepCLI (BepXBRR'
lIacTL). 1l0cne.u;HRR nnOTHO, B saMOK, coe,IJ;mlReTCR co CTaRHHoi 60nTaMB. HanB1l1le
sasopa B SaMRe He .u;onYCKaeTCR. Macca CTaHHBLI (c TpaBepcoB) 800-1350 Kr.
IIpOllHOCTL CTaHHBLI .u;onmHa 6LITL .u;ocTaTOllHOB .u;nJl BOCnpBRTIIJI paCIIopHLIX
YCBnUD:, BOSHJD(alOII\UX IIPII pa60Te BaJIL OB. BaJIL LI C BanRaMII .u;nDBOD:. 2130 MM
paCClIBTaHLI Ha MaKCmraJILHOe pacnopHoe YCllnHe 14 KH Ha 1 CM .u;nDBLI paoolleii
lIaCTB BanKa.
C IIORBJIeHBeM HOBLIX BB.u;OB meCTKDX RayqYROB BospocnB pacnopHLIe YCBnIDI
npll IIX oopa60TKe B nOTpe60BanocL Cos.u;8HBe oonee MOII\HLIX BaJIL OB. HDma
npllBe.u;eHLI pacnopmae YCllnBJl (MH/M), BOSHJD(alOII\Ue npB 06pa60TKe Ha BanL ax
paaJIB1IBLIX cMecei:
CMeCB Ba OCBOBe KaY'lYKa CKH
Dpll JIIICTOBaBRH ............... 15
DPII Do orpeBe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28
CHeclI sa OCBOBe KaY'lYKa CKcJ) DPB JIIICTOBaBIIB 18
CM6CU pesHBo06YBBLle (DO TeXBB'I6CKRM Tpe60BaBBJIII
HHHP) ..................... 12-18
BaJDQI RBnJIIOTCR OCHOBHLIMH pa601lllMJI .u;eTaJIRMII BanL OB, HeIIocpe.u;CTBeHHO'
COIIpJD(aCalO BMIICR C 06pa6aTLIBaeMLIM MaTepllanoM. OT KalleCTBa IIX IISrOTOBJIeBJIJI,
npo'IHocTB, npaBllnLHocTD YCTalloBRII D aKcnnyaTa 1I saBBCDT pa60Ta BOOB ManmBLI
II TeXHOJIOrUlIeCKlle CBOD:CTBa o6pa6oTaJlBMX KayqYKa DnB pesDBOBMx CMeCeD:.
KaK YRasLIBanocL BLIme, BaJIKII BocnpDBIIMalOT 60nLmue pacnopBJile YCllnBR,
B n03ToMy .u;OJImHLI 06na.u;aTL .u;oCTaTO'IHoi npOllHOCTLIO BO Hs6emaHlle BX IIpOfB6a
IInll IIonOMKU. OHII OTnHBalOTCR B KOKHJIb lIS lIyryua MapKII CtI 15-32. TonII\DBa
HapymHoro oT6eJIeHHOrO cnOR, 06pasyeMoro npll JIIITLe Ha nOBepXHOCTII 60'tJKII
06pa60TauHoro BanKa, paBHa 8-25 MM (IIpD .u;IiIaMeTpe MeHee 400 MM - OT 8
.u;o 20 MM, npll ,IJ;BaMeTpe 60JIee 400 MM - OT 10 .u;o 25 MM). TBep.u;oCTL 3Toro CHOR
.u;omRHa OLITL (no rOCT 14333-69) B npe.u;enax HRC 50-55.
IIocne OTJlBBKB BaJlOK 00pa6aTLIBaeTcR Ha CTaHRe; nOBepXHOCTL 601lKB BanKS
mnBlilyeTcR, a BHyTpeHHRR IIonOCTb paCTallBBaeTCR. DIepOXOBaTOCTL nOBepXHOCTD
001leK BanKOB cornaCHO rOCT 2789-59 .u;OJlmHa 6MTL He Hllme 6-ro Rnacca 1111-
CTOTLI ,IJ;JllI .u;P06BJILHLIX BanL OB II He HBme 8-ro Knacca 1I11CTOTH .u;JIR OCTanLBLIX
BaJIL OB.
IIOBepXHOCTL 601lKII BanK8 Y 60nLmDBCTBa BanL OB nDB.u;pH1JeCK3JI, rJIa.u;-
KaR. BaJlKII pa4lBBupyroII(UX BaJlL OB IIMelOT 001lKo06paSHYIO IIOBepXHOCTL (60M-
6BPOBKY), BHnyKJlOCTL nepe.u;Hero BanKa .u;BaMeTpOM 490 MM .u;OCTuraer 0,15 MM,
a8.u;Hero BaJlKa .u;uaMeTpOM 610 - COCTaBJllIeT 0,075 MM.
IIoBepxHocTL 601lKU BaJlKOB .u;poollnLHLIx IiI npoMLIBHLIX B8JIL OB pulilneHaR.
llHor.u;a IIoBepxHocTL 601lKII sa.u;Hero BanRa no.u;orpeBaTeJlbHhIX BanL oB, npe.u;-
HaSHalleHHLlX .u;nR 06pa60TKII meCTKux cMeceii, TaKme .u;enalOT pB<}IJIeHoii. Pu4IJleHlle
HaHOCHTCR no.u; yrnaMB 4-15 0 K npO,IJ;OJlLHOii OCH BaJIKa. B SaBHCBMOCTB OT TUIIS
BanL OB MorYT DSMeHRTLCR BhICOTa B IIp04lllJIL p:e4l0B; OHD MoryT OI>ITL O)JUBaKO-
BbtMB HJlII paaHLIMII y nepe.u;Hero II saAHero BaJlKOB.
nOBepxHocTL 60'tJKII BanKa .u;onmH8 6mL YCTOUlIDBOU npOTIIB HCTupaHUR
II He .u;e<}lopMBpOBaTLCR npll cpesaHUB pesuHLI CT8nLHLIMH HOil\8MH. B CJI ae
USRoca HapymHoii, saKaneHHoi nOBepXHOCTII 001lKII ee MomHO mJIBlil0BaTL, nOK8
CHJrMaeMhIii IIPII mJIu<}loBKe CJlOD: Haxo.u;UTCR B SOHe oT6eJIeHHOrO yrYHa.
Ha pllC. 3.7 nOKasaHa KOHCTPYK UR nepeAHero II S8,IJ;HerO BanKOB Banl> OB,.
a B Ta6n. 3.1 IIpBBe)J;enbI paSMepLI BanKOB BaJlb OB HCKOTOpLIX TunOB.
* 3 ecb II aJIee DO JIBBoi BaJIKOB DOBIIMaeTCJI JIBBa 60'leK BaJIKOB.
!:II:!
Ta6.culJa 3.1. Pa3Mepw BaJIROB pe3RBo06pa6aTwBalO BX BaJI" OB (B IIJ();
603Ra'leBBn pa3HepoB asw Ba pRC. 3.7.
LID
I D, DII DII D.I L. I L. I LII L.I L. I L.I L, I Lei Bit I B. I '.
ITepeAssB BaJJOI
gOO 490:!: 0.5 320 260 270 290 1940 900 270 325 480 310 60 244 -I......
800 550 :!: 0,5 320 260 31 0 290 1940 900 270 325 480 310 60 244 -J '-'
1500 660 :!: 0.2 400 340 420 358 2725 1550 338 355 H2O 350 80 320 -1-
2100 660 :!: 0.2 400 340 420 350 3325 2180 310 355 1720 350 80 320 - -
3a SItB SaJIOK
800 610 :!: 0.5 320 260 370 260 2395 900 270 325 480 310 340 335 60 244 60 244
800 55O:!: 0.5 320 260 310 260 2395 900 270 325 480 310 340 335 60 244 60 244
1500 660 :!: 0.2 400 340 420 340 3095 1550 338 355 H2O 350 285 280 80 320 80 320
2too 660 :!: 0,2 400 340 420 340 3695 2180 310 355 1720 350 285 280 80 320 80 320
B pH;IJ;e ROHCTPYKD;UB JIa60paTOpHL1X BaJILD;oB ;IJ;JIH 06eCDe1feHlIH JIycDDero,
oXJIam;IJ;eHHH BaJIKa II DpH;IJ;aBDH eMY 60JILmeH Dp01fHOCTII DpRMeHHIDTCH BaJIRB,
HSrOTOBJIeHHlde DS CTaJIB 40XHMA, 40X IIJIH 20X c SaRaJIeHHOH IIOBepXHOCTLIO
601J:KH ;IJ;O TBep;lJ;oCTU HRC 56-62.
'-,
'-2
Bail II /"" L
II-II
"
t,
a
L,
BliO 6
'
6
PRC, 3.7. 'IYryBBLle BaJ1KR BaJ1b OB:
o - aanRDA BaJlOIC; 6 - De()eAIIIII BIIJIOIC. Pa3MepbI npBneAeuu B TaGJI. 3.1.
OXJIam;IJ;eBHe BaROD HMeeT IICKJlIDtUlTeJILHO Ba I<Hoe 3Ha1J:eHHe ;IJ;JlH HOpMaJlLHOH
pa60TId BaJILD;OB, DOCROJILRY DPH o6pa6oTRe Ha HBX RaY1fYI<a IIJIB pe3BHOBOH
CMeCR BId;IJ;eJISeTCH SH81fBTeJlLHOe KOJlJI1leCTBO TeIIJla. 06ld1fHO TeMIIepaTypa IIOBepx-
Hocrn BaJlROB IIoMepamBaeTCH Ba ypOBHe 60 OCt OXJIam;IJ;eHRc npOlI3BOABTCfJ
BO;IJ;oii, nO;IJ;aBaeMOB BO BHyTpeHHID1O' DOJIOCTL BaJIKOB; TeMDepaTypa BO)J,bI Be IIpe-
Bl>ImaeT 12-14 °C. BO;IJ;8, DocTynaID 8s Ha 38BO;IJ; DO BO;IJ;ODpOBO;IJ;HOB ceTD DS OTRPH-
Toro DCT01fHBRa, B neTBee BpeMR HMeeT 60JIee BldCORYIO TeMDepaTYPY. n03TOMY
ee DpeABapBTeJlLBO OXJIam;IJ;aIOT Ba XOJIO)J,1lJILHOH yCTaHoBRe II nO;IJ;alOT B SaMRHyTyIO
ca:CTeMY eoopOTBOfI BO;IJ;Id. '
&7
B eJIRX COKpam.eHHR nOTpe6JIeHBR BOALI Ha OXJIaiRAeHHe BaJIb OB 01leHl>
BaiRHO, lIT06LI BHYTpeHHHR nOBepXHOCTb BaJIKOB 6LIJIa Tm.aTeJIbHO o6pa6oTaHa
H B npo ecce aKCnJIyaTa 1UI MamHH1>l nepllOAHlIeCKH 01lHm.aJIaCb OT o6pasYIOm.eiicJI
BaKBD1I, peSKO YXYAmalO eii TenJIoo6MeH.
llpll nJIaCTIIKaIJ.IIII BaTypaJIbBorO KayqYKa llJIII o6pa6oTKe CMecen Ha ero-
OCHOBe TeMnepaTypa nepeAHero BaJIKa AOJImHa 6LITb Ha 5-10% Hllme TeMnepaTypbl
saABero BaJIKa. 3TO Heo6xoAHMo AJIR Toro, lIT06LI KayqYK npllJIHnaJI K nOBepXHocnr
nepeABero BaJIKa. llpll o6pa6oTKe peSJJBOBLIX CMeceH Ha OCBOBe CJJBTeTll'leCKOrO
KayqYKa no Ton me npll'lllBe TeMnepaTypa nepeABero BaJIKa AOJImHa 6LITb Ha
5-10 °C BLIDle TeMnepaTypLI saAHero BaJIKa, TaK KaK CK JIyqme npllJIJlD8eT K 6oJIee-
HarpeToii nOBepXHOCTII.
Cy eCTBYIOT ABa cnoco6a oXJIaiRAeHIIR BaJIKOB BaJIb oB: SaKpLITLIH II OTKpLIThli.
3 a K p LI T LI i c n 0 C 0 6. CxeMa OXJIaiRAeHIIR BaJIKOB aTIIM cnoco6ou
nOKasaHa Ha pllC. 3.8, a. BOAa nocTynaeT B nOJIOCTb BaJIKa 1 no Tpy6e 2 C OTBep-
CTIIRMII. Tpy6a BBOAIITCR B nOJIOCTb BaJIKa lIepes CaJIbHIIKOBoe YCTpoiicTBO 9.
llpll TaKOM cnoco6e OXJIamAeHBR BaJIOK eJIIIKOM SanOJIBeH BOAOii. HarpeTaR
BOAa OTBOABTCR lIS BaJIKa lIepes KaHaJI B CaJIbBIIKOBOM YCTpoicTBe.
o T K P LI T LI ii c n 0 C 0 6. npB OTRpLITOM cnoco6e OXJIa ellJlJl (pIIC. 3.8, 6)
Tpy6a 2 C pa36pLIsrBBalO IIMII YCTpoicTBaMJI 5, npllBapeBBLIMII K Bei Ba pac-
CTORHmI 150-200 MM APyr OT APyra, cBo6oABO BXO,IUlT B nOJIOCTb BaJIKa. OTpa6o-
TaHBaR BOAa SanOJIHReT BBmHIOIO lIaCTb nOJIOCTII BaJIKa II CTeKaeT lIepea BOPOBKY 4
B CJIBBBOe KOpLITO BaJIb OB. B BeKOTopLIX KOBCTPYK IIRX BaJIb OB BOAa pacnLI-
JIR9TCR BBYTPII nOJIOCTII BaJIK8 oAHoi 90pCYSKOi.
llpll cpaBHeHmI saKpLIToro II OTKpLITOrO cnoco6oB OXJIaiRAeBIIII BaJIKOB CJIe-
AyeT OTAaTb npeAnOllTeHlle nOCJIeAHeMY, npll KOTOpOM B8JIKB OXJIaiRA81OTCII 60JIee
HBTeBCBBBO. npellMyII\ecTBoM saKpLIToro cnoco6a HBJIJIeTCR IICKJIlOlIeBHe BOSMom-
BOCTII 3arpRSBeBBli oXJIaiRAalO efI BOALI, lITO oco6eBBo eBBO npll o6opoTBoi
CBCTeMe OXJIaiRAeHBJI.
HHorAa OXJIaiRAeBBe AOCTllraeTCIi npllMeBeHlleM BaJIKOB, lIMelO IIX CBepJIeBLIe
KaBaJILI no nepllgepmI 601lKB no TUny BaJIKOB KaJIaBAPOB. 3TO TOiRe 3aKpLITali
CBCTeMa OXJIamAeBIIJI. OBa YAopomaeT CTOIIMOCTb IIsrOTOBJI9HBJI BaJIKa, YCJIOmBHeT
ero aKCnJIyaTa 1I1O II noaTOMY npllMeBJIeTCIi peAKO.
Hllme npllBOARTCJI AaHHLIe 0 pacxoAe BOALI Ha OXJIamp;eBHe B8JIbn;OB pas-
JIlIlIBLIX TllnOB (B M 3 jll):
2130 660
660
1500 660
660
800 550
550
600 300
300
400 200
200
100
320 100
80
175 80
. "
DOAaR- Do aH- Do AaH-
BWM 0Te- Rblil 3a- Hblllrnu
qecTBeR- BOAS By- "Pe3DBOo
Hra 3a- ayn)'IC') DpoeKTIt
BOAOB (QCCP)
18 8 8.0
8-12 6 6.0
4 5.0
1,2 1,6
2.5 1,2
2,5 1.2
0,07
BaJlbqbl
88
...
$.
I
..,
<:t
...
'" I
I
I
I
I
I
-
\
Q
I:;
..
f
..
:II
8-
..
&
I
'0
Ii
S
o
i
:i
j
I
....
...
I
i
!
o
:c
;
Q
J
'<>
I
:i
o
'"
I
..
Ii
.. 0
1Q:i
-, 0..
fl
"=
... as'"
IQ ii
! I
"- = 5
as 0:
IQ ..
III Si
III s:>.
17
=
0;
;
= Q
t,,):i
cO 5"
cQ 5'i
. "0
I
Q., CI Ii>
B cnyqae paCXOAOBaHRR BOAM Ha oXnamAeHRe nOAmBnHHKOB cROn
meHRR
B
W
OB CTapMX ROHCTPYIU(RB npRBeAeHHMe
R4IpM YBemf1lRBalOTCII npJDfepHO
Ha5%.
PacxoA OXna)l{AalOm,eii BOAM AnSI Ban
oB HaxoARTcSI B npRMoB saBRCRMOCTR
OT TeMnepaTYPHoro nepenaAa, T. e. 1IeM HRme reMnepaTypa BO)J,bI, TeM MeH
me ee
Tpe6yeTcII npR np01lRX paBHLIx ycnoBRRx. 'YAenhHLIB pacxoA BO)J,bI Ha 1 RBT
MO
HOCTB COCTaBnlleT:
TeMDepaTypHblii DepeDaA
oXJla)l(AalOlIleii BO
,
°C . . 5,5 5.0 4,5 4.0 3,5 3,0 2.5 2,0
YAeJlbsLlii pacxo
BO
LI,
JI/MHH . . . . . . . 1.36 1,50 1.67 1.87 2,18 2,50 3,0 3,75
nOAWHOBBICH BaJmOB B 60nbmBHcTBe cOBpeMeHBLIx Ban
I(OB BllIIIOnBRIOTCJI
OTe1leCTBeBHLIMR aaBoAaMR B BRAe OOAillRnBHKOB Ka1leHUJI paSnU1IHLIX TROOB.
7 2 J 'I
PRC. 3,9. YaM BaJIKOBbIX DOAlIlmIBHKOB BaJI
OB C
JIBBoii 60'IKR 800 MloI C
BYJ[P
LIIIR POJID-
ROBYMR cmePII'I8C1UWR DOAJIlBD8HKaMB:
1 - paGo'laR 'lam DMRa; S - meilJca aMRa; 3 - ICOPUYC DOJUDBDllBlCa: 4 - naGIIPBRTIIWe yJIJIOTBeRBII;
6 - DOJUlDlDBlDC; 6 - CTODopBoe ICoJll>qo; 1 - ICaRlIJIW AJIJI CMa3JCB.
IIOAillRDHRKH BanKOB BOCnpBllHMalOT 3Ba1fRTenhHLIe HarpyaKll OT paCDOpHHX YCU-
nBii U pa60TalOT npu nOBLImeHHMX TeMDepaTypax OT uarpeTLIX meeK BanKOB.
-'YCRnRlI, DepeAaBaeMMe Ha nOAmRnBBKII, HaDpaBneHM DOA yrnoM 40-45° K ropn-
30HTan
HoB DnOCKOCTR R B COOTBeTCTBHU C DpRBeAeHHbIMU BMille YAenhBI>IMR Ha-
rpYSKaMR Ha 1 CM AnBHM BanKa MorYT AOCTRraT
BaJibIlbl YCBJlllII aa ABa DOA't
mnDBHlla, 1\018
2130 660 . . , . . . . . . . . 2-6
660
660 1,65-4.2
1500 600 . . . . . .
550 0.8-1.6
800 550 . . . . . . . .
Y sen BanKOBLIX nOAillBDHBKOB C ABYXPllAHI>IM c4IepB'leCKBM DOAmBDHFKOM
DOKasaB Ha pllc.3.9.
nOAmRnHBKR Ka1leHBlI npu T01l80B YCTaHOBKe U DpaBun
HOM yxoAe sa Hnm
JDfelOT 60nee AnBTeJl
HI>IB MempeMoBTHHB Dp06er, 1IeM DOAillUDHUKB CKOJll>meHRR,
xapaKTepBsyroTClI MeHhmBM paCXOAOM sneKTpOSHeprBU (,11;0 20% Ha pa601feM xo.ny
90
'II ji,0 50% ua XOJIOCTOM xop:y), 06eCDe1JRBaIOT 60JIee T01JHYIO perYJIBpOBKY BeJIB1JIIBH
sasopa B He Tpe6YlOT OXJIamAeHIIJI KopIIyca BOAOi. B TO me BpeMJI IIPII HCDOJIbSO-
BanHII IIOAillBIIRIIKOB Ka1JeRUJI He06xop:HMa 60JIee T01JHaJI 06pa60TKa weiKII BaJIKa
n 60JIee KBaJIH B HpOBaHRMi MOHTaiR.
BaJIb M CTap1>IX KOHCTPYK lIi Bcex paSMepOB cHa6meHM DOAWHDHBKaMH
CKo.rlbmeHIIH (pRc.3.10). llpu pa60Te BaJIbD;OB D;aD bl BaJIKOB DpmRHMalOTCJI K
OAHOH CTopOHe DOAWBDHIIKa, 06pasYJI aaaop C APyroH CTOpOHM. B 3TOT aaaop
DO)J;aeTCJI CMaSKa, saXBaTMBaeMaJI D;aD aMH npH Bpa eHBU BaJIKa. fiOAWIIIIHIIKII
CKOJIbmeHIIJI COCTOJIT liS Kopnyca 1, BHDOJIHeHHOro Ha 1JyrYHHoro JIIITbJI Cq 15;
B KOPDYC aaIIpeCCOBaHa 6pOHSOBaJI BTYJIKa 3 IIJIB Ha Hero HaDJIaBJIeH CJIoi aHTH-
pBKD;HOHnoro CDJIaBa. ,l(JIH OXJIamAeHIIH DOAWHDHBKa B Kopnyce AeJIalOTCJI Ka-
UaJIM 5 co CTOpOHM HarpymeHHoi 1JaCTH DOAWRIIHHKa, KYAa DOAaeTCJI DpOT01JHaJI
BO)J;a.
MeuBu3M peryJIDpoBaBUJI 3880pa DpeJI,HaSHa1JeH AJIJI BaMeHeHHJI saaopa MemAY
naJlKaMH npH 06pa60TKe paaJIIPIHMX MaTep aJlOB B COOTBeTCTBBH C aaAaHHLIM
to
5
SOUa.
6
80iJa
Puc. 3.10. BaJlKoBLIi DOADIHDBRK CKOJIb)l(eBU BaJIb OB C AJIB-
sol 6o'IKB 2130 MH:
1 - KOPDYC DOJUlDllIlDlKa; s - OICBQ AJlII CMa311B; 8 - BICJlaAbIDI (GpOB30-
Ball BTYJlKa); 4 - CTODopllWe BBBTbI; 8 - ICaHIUIN BOAIIHoro oXJJlllKAeBBJI;
6 - upOGKH.
perJlaMeUTOM. 3asop MomHO BSJofeHJITb B npeAeJIaX 0,05-12 MM DepeMe eHHeM KOp-
UYCOB DOAmllDHBKOB IIepeAHero BaJIKa, DpB6JIHmaJI HJIB OTOABBraJI BX OT KopnYCOB
nOAwIIIIHBKOB saAHero BaJIKa, HenOABHmHO SaKpenJIeHHHX B CTaHBHax. llepeMe-
eRBe KOPIIYCOB nO)J;IIIBIIHBKOB IIepeAHero BaJlKa DpOBaBOABTCH ABYMH HamBM-
HMMII BItBTaMH, KOTopMe npHBOAJITCJI B ABBmeHBe OT MexaHHaMa perYJIBpOBaHBJI
saaopa.
B aaBBCIIMOCTH OT KORCTpyKD;HH. HaaHa1JeHUJI B paSMepa BaJlbD;OB MeXaHUSM
perYJIUpOBaUHH sasopOB MomeT 6MTb pyqHbJM, C DpBBOp:OM OT O,llHOrO 3J1eKTpOABH-
raTeJIJI Ha 06a DOAmHIIHBRa IIJIH OT HRARBBAyaJlbHLlx 3JIeKTp0ji,BUraTeJlei Ha Kail{-
AYIO CTOPOHY BaJlbD;OB. MexaHBsJof perYJlBpOBaHUJI aaaopa C pyqHHM npllBOAOM
DOKasau Ha pBC. 3.11. HamuMHoH BURT 9 npa aeTCJI B CTaJlLHOH raiKe 10, aaKpe-
UJIeUHOH B CTaHBRe BaJIbD;OB 11. OAItB KOHe BHHTa IIpU Bpa eHBB ero IIO 1JaCOBOH
<:TpeJlKe ynHpaeTCJI B KOPIIYC IIOAWBDHUKa 4 'lepes YKpenJIeHHOe Ha HeM DpeAoxpa-
RBTeJIbHQe YCTpoiicTBO H YMeHbwaeT pa601JHH sasop MeiKji,Y BaJIKaMH. llpH Bpa e-
HUB HaiKBMHoro BBRTa npOTBB 1JaCOBOH CTpeJIKU OH 6ypTBKOM 1Jepea paa'beMUYIO
waH6y DepeMe aeT Kopnyc IIO,llWBDHIIKa, YBeJIB1JBBaJI aasop. Hail{BM110H BRUT
Bp aeTCH OT PYKH 1Jepes MaXOBJI1IOK 1, YKpenJIeHHMH Ha APyroM KOHD;e BBUTa.
Ha Top e cTaHIlHLIll yKpenJIeHa WKaJIa 2, DOKaaMBalO aJI BeJIB1JnHY aaaopa B MM.
MexaHHsM perYJIllpOBaRBJI sasopa BaJIb OB MomeT 61>ITb BbI.\JOJIHeH C npHBO)J;OM
OT RHABBIIAyaJlbHoro 8JIeKTpO)J;BoraTeJIJI.
9j
Ha pBC. 3.12 nOKasall 06IIJ,BH BB)]; BaJIbn;OB C r paBJIBlIeCKIDf peryJlBpoBa-
HBeM BeJlBlIBHhI sasopa Mem.u;y BaJIKaMH B aBTOMaTBlIeCKBM pas.u;BDraaBeM BX
B CJIYllae cpa6aThIBaHBR aBapBHHoro BhlKJllOlIaTeJlR. lloKasaHHLIe aa pDC. 3.11
HamBMHLIe BHHThI 9 BocnpDHBMalOT pacnopHLIe YCBJIDR lIepes npe)];OXpaHBTeJlhHLIe
YCTpoHcTBa, COCTORIIJ,Be DS KacceTLI 5, npBKpeIIJleHHoii: K Kopnycy BaJiKOBOrO no)];-
mBIlHBKa, MaTpBn;hI 6, npe.u;oxpaHDTeJlbHOH maii:6LI 7 B nyaHcoHa 8. llpB BOSHIIK-
HOBeHBD pacnopHLIX YCDJlBB, npeBhlmalODJ,BX .u;onycTBMhle, nyaHcoHoM 8 cpe-
saeTCR npe)];OXpaHDTeJlbHaR maii:6a 7, D nepe.u;IlBH BaJIOK nepeMeJn;aeTcR K cIIpoHTY
CTaHBHLI, YBeJlBlIBBaR sasop ll.O 40-50 MM II YMeHbmaR TeM caMLIM pacnopHoe YCD-
JIBe; .u;eBCTBYIOJn;ee Ha BaJlKD. llpB 3TOM cpa6aTLIBaeT KOHn;eBOB BhlKJllOlIaTeJlb, OCTa-
HaBJlBBaR 3J1eKTpO)];BlIraTeJlL npBBo.u;a BaJlbn;OB. llyancoH D MaTpBn;y IISrOTaBJlB-
BalOT DS CTaJlB Y8A B no.u;BepralOT TepMo06pa60TKe )];0 TBep)];OCTB HRC 50-55.
II
7
PRC. 3.11. MexasB3M peryJIBpOBKB s8sopa c pyqsWf DpBBO}:tOM:
1 - MaXOIlB'lOIC; S - DlJClIRa; , - KPbIIIIJ(A; 4 - KOPDYC D OnDJPmlJll( A; 6 - KaCCBTaj 6 - Ma'!p..a; 'I - npe-
AOXPaHBTeJII>BaR maIGa; 8 - DYaRCOH; 9 - BlIIKBMRoI BBBT; 10 - r8lJcAj 11 - CT8IIBBa B8JlWleB.
llpe.u;oxpaHBTeJlLHaR maB6a BhlnOJlHReTCIJ .8S CTaJlB 45 II paCClIBThlBaeTCR Ha pas-
pym81Olt\Y1O H8rpYSKY. HanplDfep, .u;JlR BaJlLn;OB C 601lKOB .u;JlBHOB 1500 MM paspy-
malOm;aR HarpYSKa P = 1,35 MH. llpaBIIJlLBhlB Bhl60p MaTeplIaJla D: paClIeT maii6w
BMelOT DCKJIlOlIBTeJlLBO BamBoe SBalleBBe .u;JIR HOpMaJIbBOB pa60Thl npe.u;oxpaBII-
TeJILBOrO YCTPOBCTB8 B npe.u;OTBpaJn;eHBR nOJIOMKB BaJlLn;OB.
I)OJlbWUe 0pUBO)J;Bye mecTepBB BhlnOJlBJIIOTCJI HepaS'beMHhlMB HS CTaJlB 45JIll,
BMelOT cIIpesepoBaHHLJH HOpMaJlLHLIH sy6 3BOJILBeBTBoro aan;enJleHBR.
M8J1h1e opUBO)J;lIItIe meeTepBB, pa60TalODJ,Be B TJImeJlLIX YCJIOBBJIX, BsrOTa-
BJIDBalOT BS CTaJIB 40X. C1>pesepoBaHHLIe BOpMaJILBLIe Sy6LJI aBOJIbBeBTHoro san;e-
OJleHBR SaKaJlBBalOT TBq Ha rJIy6uBY 2-5 MM no BceMY KOHTYPY Bna)];BHLI .u;o
TBep.u;OCTB HRC 40-45. MaJILIe npUBO,IJ;Hhle meCTepHB .u;JIR rpYOOOBoro npBBo.u;a
OT TpauCMBCCDU MoryT BLInOJIHRTLCJI paS'beMIlbIMB. 3TO 06J1eI'1laeT ux YCTaBOBKY
Ha TpancMBccBOHHLIB BaJI, TaK KaK He Tpe6yeTCJI CHBMaTL Coe,IJ;JmDTeJlLHhle MY<FrLI,
BO npB aTOM yxy.u;maeTCR pa60Ta san;enJIeBHR.
(J>pB UOBBYe meCTepBB pa60T81OT B YCJlOBHRX nepeMeBHoro Memn;eBTpOBoro
paCCTOJIHBJI. OHB BLInOJIBeHLI BS CTaJIB 45, BMelOT npJIMOB cIIpesepoBaBBLIii: sy6.
3an;enJleBBe aBOJlbBeHTBOe C y.u;JlBHeHHLIM Sy60M. lloBepxHocTL sy6beB SaKaJID-
92
aHBLlM <}IUPMLl, npO.n;OJl)RUTeJILBOCTL npoD;ecca CMemeBUH Ba 8TUX BaJIbD;aX ua 6%
i\feBbme, 'IeM Ba BaJIbD;ax 6ea TaRoro YCTpoiicTBa.
PeaBHOBaH CMecI. cpeaaeTCH C nepe.n;Bero BaJIRa, my6a aanpaBJIHeTCH B aaaop
Me){<.n;y OXJIam.n;alOm.IIM 6apa6aBoM 8 II npBmlDlBLlM pommOM 9 II CBOBa nocTynaeT
B 3aaop Mem.n;y BaJIRaltll'I. npu nOMom.1I RapeTRII 6 C pOJIIIRaMII 7, nepeMem.alOm.eiicH
B.n;OJIb BaJIROB no XO.n;OBoMy BIIH-
Ty 5, peaBHa BHTeBCUBBO nepe-
Mem.aeTCH B 06e CTOpOBLl no
<}IpOBTY BaJIbD;OB, OXJIam.n;aeTCH
II paBBOMepBO aarpya<aeTcJI no
Bceii .n;JIBHe aaaopa Mem.n;y BaJI-
RaMU. B 8TOii KOBCTPYKQmI O'leBb
BamBO npaBIIJIbBO no.n;06paTb
COOTBomeBlIe oKpymBLlx CKOpO-
cTeii BaJIKOB II OXJIam.n;alOm.ero
6apa6aBa. He06xo.n;uMoe COOTBO-
meBIIe .n;OCTIIraeTCH npIIMeBeBlIeM
.n;JIH npIIBo.n;a OXJIam.n;alOm.ero 6a-
pa6aB8 8JIeKTpo.n;BIIraTeJIH C
nJIaBBLlM peryJIIIpOBaBUeM CKO-
POCTII.
npBcnoco6JIeBBJI .n;JIJI nepeMe-
WIIB8HBJI II OXJIIDKAeBBJI pe3BIIId
H8 BaJlbU;8X BLlnYCKalOTCH OTe'le-
CTBeBBLlMU aaBo.n;aMU «BOJII.me-
BIIK» U «JI pnOJIHMepMam» .n;JIJI
BaJIbD;OB COOTBeTCTBeBBO .n;JIUBoii
2130 MM n 1500 MM. Ha pIIC. 3.15
nOKaa8BO TaKoe npIIcnoc06JIe-
BlIe .n;JIH BaJII.D;OB .n;JIIIBoii 2130 MM.
OBO COCTOIIT ua OXJIam.n;alOm.ero
6apa6aBa 11 .n;uaMeTpOM 290 MM,
KOTOpLlii B TO me BpeMH HBJIHeTCH
B THBYID.IIM 6apa6aBOM, HamlDl-
Boro BaJIKa 14 C BomOM .n;JIH CBH-
TIIH C Bero npBJIlInmeii peaBHLl.
HaJ!\BMBoii BaJIOK npU)l(BMaeT
nOJIOcy peaBBoBoii Cl\leCB K ox-
JIam.n;alOm.el\IY 6apa6any no.n; .n;eii-
CTBIIeM .n;BYX nBeBlIlOD;1IJIBB.n;pOB
16, npB'IeM Mem.n;y nOBepXBOCTblO
BamUMBoro BaJIKa U OXJIam.n;a-
lOm.UM 6apa6aBoM OCTaeTCH aaaop
1-3 MM, KOTOpLlii MomeT 6LlTI.
OTperYJIUpOBaB aa C'IeT BaMeBe-
BUH .n;JIUBLJ mTOKOB nBeBMOD;u-
JIBH.n;pOB 16. KapeTKa 12 nepeMe-
m;aeTCH no BanpaBJIHIOID.eii nyTeM Bpam.eBIIH xo.n;OBoro BBBTa 13 nonepeMeBHO B 06e
CTO, pOBLl 'nepeKJIIO'IeBUe ocym.eCTBJIHeTCH }WBD;eBLlMII nepeKJIIO'IaTeJIHMB 18.
Xo.n;oBoii BUBT 13 npIIBo.n;UTCH B .n;Bua<eBBe OT 8JIeKTpo.n;BuraTeJIH 2 'Iepea pe.n;YK-
TOp 1 Tuna Q,IJ,f-8-iO U D;enBYIO nepe.n;a'lY, ,IJ,JIIIBa xo.n;a KapeTKU 1445 MM,
ROJIJI'leCTBO XO.n;OB B MIIByTY - 3.
OXJIam.n;aloID.lIii (THByDJ;IIii) 6apa6aB 11 npUBo.n;UTCH B .n;BumeBIIe OT :meKTpo-
npBBo.n;a nMCM-18 MOID.BOCTblO 3 KBT lIepea pe.n;yKTop 8 TIIna QTf-12-22,4 C pery-
94
II
II-II
8
Pac. 3.13. CXeMa YCTaBOBKD UeXaBlI'J6CKoro SO)l(8 sa
BIUl"'
X:
II-f8BeI<TPO,ltBBI'aTeJlb AJlJI roPll80RTaJUoHOl'0 DepeMemeHBJI
Boma; B - TPasepcbl B3JII>QOB; 8 - BaDpaJlJlJlJOllUle AJlJI Depe-
1IBII{eaJIJI ICapeTl<ll Boma; 4 - XO,ltOBOIt BB8'1'; 6 - KapeTKa Ro-
ma; (, -t8JJeICTPOJ1BuraTeJll> .ltBJI DOA.I>eMall oDycKaRBJI Roma;
., - ICoRlteBOa BblKJlJOqaTeJll> AJIJI I'OpU30HTaJUoROro DepeMD-
meRBJI Roma; 8 - Hom; 9 - ROHI\eBOA BblKmoqaTeJJb AM
BePTB1<3JII>Horo DepeMemeRBJI Roma; 10 - XOAOBOa BBRT
JIJI
BePTB1<aJll>Rero DepeMemeRBJI Roma; 11 - CTOih<B.
JlHpOB3HBeM 'IaCTOTLI Bpa eHBH B npe.n;eJlax 150-1300 06/MBH, 'ITO o6eCne'lHBaeT
oKpymHyIO CKOpOCTb oXJlam.n;aIOID.erO 6apa6aHa OT 4,6 .n;o 40 M/MHH. OXJlam.n;aIOID.BM
areHTOM HBJlHeTCH Bo.n;a.
AJIH HanpaBJleHHH peSHHLI, SaXBa1JeHHOii oXJlam.n;aIOID.JDI 6apa6aHoM, B sasop
Mem;Ay BaJIKaMH BaJlb OB BMeeTCH HanpaBJlHIOID.ee YCTPOBCTBO 23, KOTopoe nOBopa-
'IHBaeTCH B Heo6xo.n;HMoe nOJIoa\eHHe C nOMOID.bIO nHeBMO HJlBH.n;pa 22. npBHD;IIn
pa60TLI YCTpoiicTBa aHaJIOI'B'IeH onBcaHHOMY BLime.
HHme npBBe.n;eHa TeXHH1J:eCKaH xapaKTepBCTIIRa nepeMemBBaIOID.HX YCTPODCTB
BaJIb OB C 60'lKaMH .n;JIHHOD 1500 H 2130 MM:
HBAeKC ..............
PasMep pa601Jeii 1JaCTR OXJIa alOJItero
68pa6ana. MM
AHaMeTp
AMBa . . . . .
PasMep pa601Jeii 1JaCTR Ba)l(HMBOrO
BaJIKa, MY
AHaMeTp. ....
JIRBa ....
'-JlBBa XOAa KapeTKR, 14M
'IRCJIO XOAOB KapeTKH B 1 MBB
1JacToTa BpalIleBIIJl OXJIaacAalOlIlero
6apa6aBa, 06/0B . .
npBBOA OXJIa)l(AalO ero 6apa6aBa
3JIeKTpO BHraTeJIb
THD . . . . . . . . .
MOJItBOCTb, KBT ..
1J8CTOTa BpanteBIDI, 06/MRB
PeAYKTOp ..... . . . . . .
npHBOA BaDpUJlJlIOJIteii KapeTRD
9J1eKTpOABRraTeJIb
TDD . . . . . . . . .
UOIIlBOCTb, KBT ....
1JaCTOT!, BpanteBIIJl, 06/MHB
peAYKTOp
TDD . . . .. ..
MOIIlBOCTb, RBT
ra6apHTBble pasMepLl, MM
AJIUBa
mRpRBa
BLlOOTa
Macca, T
BaJIbl(bI
lIiOox660x660 2180x660x660
513081 999252
410
1500
188
1500
830
8
21,59-27,42
AOC2-41-6
4
860
AOCS-32,4
3
1400
3065
2090
1305
1.7
290
2130
190
2130
1445
3
19.35-2,77
nMCM-18
3
150-1300
:qTr-12-22,4
AOJIS2-31-4
3
1430
QAr -8-10
2,2
4180
1200
820
2.57 J
nOCJIe o6pa6oTKH Ha BaJIb aX CMeCb cpesaeTcH YCTaHOBJleHHLlMH H8 HKX
HomaMH; cpeSaHHaJi JIeHTa pesltHL1 HanpaBJIJleTCH Ha .n;pyrBe MamBHLl DPB nOMOID.B
POJIlIKOB.
OTe'leCTBeHHLle SaBoALI BLinycRaIOT o.n;BHapBLIe B c.n;BoeHHLle HomB .n;JlH cpesa-
HBH H oT6opa pesBHoBoD JleHTLI. O.n;I'IHapHLIe HomB npJDIeHHIOTCJI npB mHpBHe
JleHTLI OT 35,IJ;o 600 MM, C,IJ;BOeHHble - OT 25,IJ;o 400 MM. HomB npBBO,IJ;HTCJI B .n;Bl'!me-
HHe OT CHHxpOHHoro SJIeKTpO,IJ;BBraTeJIH MOID.HOCTbIO 0,18 RBT. npBmHM HomeD
ocym.eCTBJIHeTCJI nHeBMO BJIBH,IJ;paMI'I. IDBpBHa cpesaeMoii JleHTLI perYJIHpyeTcH;
CKOpOCTb nepe,IJ;BHmeHBH o.n;HHapHLIx HomeD 269 MM/MBH, C,IJ;BOeHHLlX - 132 MM/MBH.
npe.n;oxp8BBTem.oble YCTpoiicTB8 08 Bam. ax ,IJ;OJImHLl 06eCne'IBBaTb 6esonaCHLIe
YCJIOBBH pa60TLJ, BCKJIIO'IaIOID.He TpaBMaTBsM. OCHOBHaH onaCHOCTb npH pa60Te
Ha BaJIb aX - BosMomHOCTb nona.n;aHBH pyKB BaJIb OBID.BKa B sasop Mem;Ay BaJI-
KaMB. nOSTOMY BaJIb LI Bcex Tl'InOB o60py.n;YIOTCH CneD;BaJIbHLlMH npe,IJ;oxpaHBTeJIb-
HLIMII YCTpoiicTBaMB paSJlB1JHOD KOHCTPYR BB. Pa60Ta TaKoro YCTpOBCTBa ODJICaHa
Ha CTp. 84.
95
'I
7
i... .
'iJ....
l:>.
jQ
I,
..
:.:
..
..(
:.:
ul
: I
t
0111 I ..
J
<:>i
0:.="
.. III .....
gl
::s..
I I iE")
10"8-
.. 2- 101
$1 0 O:!I:>.
OI=
i o S!
c
I
!" (I
C'iI I.....
.....
i R
..
o ..0
I I:{;;
= °E -
.. 010
III 1OIs:>....
I:>.cu
as =:.: ;0-
. I I 8.
:a ...."'=
= .....1:1 51
0)
..*a
Q) l1I::!i
g,
= l:I'iig,
11:>.001
= ....3;0;111
i
....II
i....
... .....-
i
;;;;
Q)
g, 1:>.1I:s:>.
I
Ii_
. 01 1 1110
= .. @I
=Ii
I 2
2
Ie..
i:i=S'
o 51
a 1:10 ilia
11
..
:::o
01 ..
Ie
Q) ==11:>.
III
I "
I
" i 8..@I
.. cu
f!U
1 101 _ G>
1:>.0111
"=
I:I
= A:I
u:i fer:
.
co) 5t=
c3 s:>.,
::f
&: 1...==
........1:1:..
163
B HaCTOffm;ee BpeMff BCe BaJIl.IV>I AJIBBOB 800, 1500 B 2130 MM, BLIDYCKaeMNe
OTe1JeCTBeHHLlMB SaBOAaMB, DMelOT aBapHB:HOe BLlKJII01JeHBe B BBAe mTaHrH, pac-
nOJIOmeHHOB: C <}IpoHTa BAOJIb OCD BaJIKOB Ha paCCTOffHHD 1200 MM 'JT nOJIa. UpH
TaKOM pacnOJIOmeHBH aBapHB:HOrO BLlKJIlOlIaTeJIff BaJIbIl;OBm;BK He MomeT ,nOTJJ-
HyrbCff PYKOB: ,no aasopa Mem,ny BaJIKaMB, He HamaB KopnYCOM Ha m-raHry BLJKJIIO-
lIaTeJIff.
B OTHomeHBB BaJIbIl;OB He60JIbmHX paSMepOB (B TOM lIHCJIe H JIa60paTopHLlX)
OrpaHH1IeHBe BLiCOTJ:.I YCTaHOBKH BaJIbIl;OB B pacnOJIOmeHBff mTaHru aBapUHoro
BLlKJIlOlIeHBff He Bcer,na s<}I<}IeKTDBHO; AJIJI TaRBX BaJIbIl;OB Tpe6yeTcff ,lJ.OnOJIHHTeJIb-
Hoe sam;BTHoe YCTPOB:CTBO, DCKJIlOlIalOm;ee BOSMomHOCTb nonaAaHHff pyK B sasop
" J
f!$
$
a
Q
P c. 3.16. KOJIOAO'IBhIi TOpMoa C 8JIeKTpOrBApOTOJIKaTe.1leM:
a - 'I'OpM03; 6 - eneJ(TPorHAPOTOJIKaTeJll> TI'M; 1 - enelCTPOrHAPOTOJlICaTeJll>; B - OCBOB3RBe; 3 - Q1IKlllla
C 'l'Jlroll;4 - uepXlllle PJoJ'l3I'B; $ - DlTOK; , - PJoJ'l8l'B; 'I - KOJIOAKB; 8 - perymspOBO'IBIodt GoJIT; 9 - ROP-
uyc; 10 - ; 11 - IDTOK; 12 - DOpmem.; 11 - ICPwu,'1aTRa Hacoca; 14 - enelCTPOABBI'aTemo.
Mem.ny BaJIKaMH. B HOBLIX KOHCTpyKII;HffX TaKBX BaJIbIl;OB KpOMe BLlRJIIOlIaTeJIff,
,neB:CTBytom;ero OT HamaTBff KOpnYCOM HJIB PYKOB:, YCTaHaBJIBBalOT em;e BLlRJII01Ja-
lOm;ee YCTpOB:CTBO Ha ypOBHe rOJIeHB, lITO nOSBOJIffeT BLlRJIlOlIaTb BaJIbIl;Ll BOrOB:.
,D;JIff nOrameHHff DHep H Bpam;alOm;BXCff lIaCTeB: npHBO,na U BaJIbIl;OB B 06ecnelle-
HBff 6LlCTpOrO OCTaHOBa BaJIbIl;OB npBMeHfflOTCff paSJIII1IHLle CDCTeMIaI TOpMOmeHU.
OAHH DS MeTO,nOB TOpMOmeHBJI - peBepCHpOBaHBe rJIaBHOrO ,nBUraTeJIff npH-
BO,na - npBMeHffeTCff TOJIbKO ,lJ.JIff He60JIbmHX BaJIbD;OB, TaR KaK BOSHUKaeT 60JIb-
maJi TOKOBaff HarpYSKa Ha SJIeKTpo,nBHraTeJIb.
3JIeKTpOp;HHaMUlIeCKOe TopMomeHHe HCnOJIbsyeTcff AM BaJIbIl;OB C rpynnoBLIM
npHBop;oM OT CBBxpOBHoro SJIeKTpOp;BDraTeJIff, P;JIff BaJIbIl;OB C BBp;uBHP;yaJIbHLlM
npBBop;oM OT SJIeKTpOp;BHraTeJIff CBHxpoBHoro HJIU nOCTOffBHoro TOKa, a TaKme AJIJI
BaJIbD;OB C npBBop;oM OT aCBBxpOHHoro SJIeKTpOp;BDraTeJIff OrpaHH1IeBBOB: MOm;uOCTB.
B BaJIbIl;ax C npBBop;OM OT aCHBxpoBBoro SJIeKTpOABUraTeJIff Bau60JIee lIaCT
nplJ)feBffeTCff SJIeKTpOMarBHTBaff CHCTeMa TopMomeBDff. B cJIyqae BLlRJIlOlIeHBIi
nDTaBHff, nop;aBaeMoro Ba rJIaBBlaIii p;BUraTeJIb D KaTyIIIKH SJIeKTpOMal'BllTa TOp-
98
MOS8., CpaOaThlBaeT npymBBa BJIB npOTBBOBeC, B npBBOABTCJ'I B AeiicTBBe KOJIOAOll-
8LIB TOpM03.
BaJIbIV>I C 001lKar.m AJIBHOB 800 B 1500 MM B BaCTOJ'l ee BpeMJ'I oOOPY,J1YIOTCJ'I
TopMosaMB YJIyqmeHBoB KOBCTPYKD;BB THna TKTr-300M BJIH TKTr-400M C aJIeR-
TparB,J1paBJIB1IeCRHM TOJIKaTeJIeM TrM-50 HJIB TrM-80. ¥ CTpOBCTBO TopMosa
TKTr II OABomTOROBoro TOJIKaTeJIff TrM nORasaBO Ba pBC. 3.16. PlaIlIamHO-KOJIO-
,J101lHaff lIaCTb B npBHD;Bn AeBcTBBJ'I TopMosa TKTr TaKBe me, KaK y onucaHBoro
BLIme aJIeKTpOMarHBTBOrO TopMosa. Ho B OTJIBlIBe OT nOCJIeABerO BamaTue Ha TOp-
MOSBLIe KOJIO]J.KB ocy eCTBJIffeTCff 2
aJIeKTpOrUApaBJIH1IeCKBM TOJIKaTe-
JleM (CM. pBC. 3.16).
TOJIKaTeJIb COCTOBT us aJIeK-
TpO,li.BUraTeJIff AMM (0,2 KBT,
2875 OOjMBH), norpymeBBoro B
TpaBc<}IopMaTopHoe MaCJIO, BaXO]J.ff-
eeclI B Kopnyce 9. Ha BaJIY 3JIeK-
TpOJ,J;BHraTeJIff 14 SaRpenJIeBa KpLIJIb-
1IaTK8. 13 (D;eBTpooemBoe KOJIeCO Ba-
coca). TIpu BKJIlOlIeHHII aJIeKTpo'
ABUUTeJIff D;eHTpooemBoe KOJIeCO
BallBllaeT Bpa aTbCff B c03AaeT us-
OhlTOllBOe AaBJIeHUe MaCJIa no]J. nop-
mHeM 12 co mTOKOM 11. TIopmeBb
nepeMem.aeTCff BBepx B D;BJIBBApe
10, nOABUMaff pLI'Iar TopMosa, C KO-
TOpLIM mTOK BaxoWITCff B mapBBp-
ROM saD;enJIeRUU. TIpH aTOM OCBO-
OOm,J1aeTCff TOpMOSBoii mKBB, B
pasmBMalOTCff TOpMOSHlaIe KOJIO]J.KB.
MacJIo Ha,J1 nopmHeM 'Iepes KaRaJIIaI
Jofea,]J.Y D;BJIHBAPOM 10 H KopnycoM 9 8
nepeTeKaeT B HBmHlO1O lIaCTb KOp- 1
nyca. TIpB aBapBBHOM TopMomeBBB
c npeKpa eRBeM nO,J1a'IB TOKa Ba 8
&JIeKTpo,JIBUraTeJIb 14 TOJIKaTeJIJ'I
aJIeKTpO]J.BBraTeJIb OCTaBaBJIBBaeTCJ'I,
II D;eHTpooemBoe KOJIeCO nepecTaeT
Bpa 8.TbCff B nO,lUJ;epmBBaTb HSOIaI-
TOllBOe AaBJIeBBe Ba]J. nopmBeM 12.
TIO,J1 ,J1eBCTBBeM npymuHIaI TopMosa
U coocTBeBBoro Beca nopmeHb ony.,
CKaeTCff BBBS I'! 'Iepes mTOK 11 samHMaeT TOpMOSHIaIMI'! KOJIO]J.KaMl'! mltHB aneK-
TpOABUraTeJIff npUBO,JIa BaJIbD;oB.
nepeA Ha'IaJIOM Kam,JIOB CMeBbl BaJIbD;OBm.UKI'!, MacTep I'!JIU MexaHUK D;exa
OOffS8.RLI npOBepffTb I'!CnpaBBOCTb CUCTeMIaI aBapl'!BHOrO BLIKJIlOlIeBl'!ff I'! B CJIY'Iae
ee BeHCnpaBBocm He npl'!cTynaTb K paOOTe Ba BaJIbD;ax.
CM8SK8 B8JII. OB ,J10nmBa ooeCne'II'!Tb BOpMaJIbBYIO paOOTY Y3JIOB TpeHI'!J'I
MamI'!BLI, I'! B nepBYIO O'IepeAb BaJIKOBIaIX nO,J1DIl'!nBI'!KOB. CoBpeMeHHLIe BaJIbIV>I
Bcex Tl'!nOpaSMepOB (AJII'!Ha 001lKI'! 800, 1500 B 2130 MM) B I'!B]J.UBI'!,J1yaJIbBOM HCnOJI-
BeHUI'! I'! B arperaTax (no ]J.Be I'!JIlI Tpl'! Maml'!BIaI) IIMelOT BaJIKOBlaIe nO,J1DlJInHHKI'!
Ka'IeRl'!ff, ,J1JIff CMaSKI'! KOTOphlX npllMeBJ'leTCff rycTaff CMaSKa YG-3 (T). CMasKa
nO,JI8.eTCff B nO]J.ml'!nHHKH OT D;eBTpaJIbBOB CT8BD;BB, YCTaHaBJIUBaeMOB Ba Ram,JIIaIX
BaJIbn;ax. npl'!BD;l'!nl'!aJIbBaff cxeMa CMaSKlI BaJIKOBLIX nO,J1DIl'!nBBROB BaJIbD;OB
,J1JII'!Boii 800 MM SaBO,J1a «BOJIbmeBUR. npBBe]J.eHa Ba pBC. 3.17. Bo Bee 'IeThlpe
7*
fO
j
Pac. 3.17. npBB BDBanbBaft cxeMa CMaSICD BaJI-
KOBLIX UO BKOB:
1 - BaBKB; B - DOADIBDRBlCB BaJlKOB; 3 - DBTaTeJl&-A03a-
TOP nn-UK; 4 - aaDPaBO'"lHa PY'lBoa Racoc DnMO;
6 - lDJIaBl'; 6, 'I - MarBCTPIUIII; 8 - cIIBJ11>TPbI r-1;
9 - MaBOMeTP; 10 - pyqBoa Bacoc rYCToll caraaJCB
HPr.
99
nO IIDIIIJIBRa 2 CMa3Ka nO,ll;aeTCJI OT pyqHoro Hacoca 10, npOXO,ll;BT 'Iepe3 <}>UJIJ.TpH 8 K
IIHTaTeJIIO-,II;03aTopy 3 U oTTy,ll;a caMOCTOHTeJIbHIaIMB MaCJIOnpOBO,ll;aMB nO,ll;aeTCJI B no,ll;-
mBnHBKB 2 BaJIKOB B nOADIBIIHBKB MexaHB3MOB peryJIBpOBaHBJI 3a30pa. ,D.aBJIeHBe,
C03,11;aBaeMOe HaCOCOM pyqHoii CMaSKB, paBHO 10 Mlla. CMa3Ka nocTynaeT nonepe-
MeHHO B MarucTpaJIB 6 B 7; sa 0,nBH BRJI nO,ll;aeTCJI 8 CM S CMaaKB. B npOMblmJIeH-
HOCTB BCnOJIbsyeTCJI 60JIbmOe KOJIJI1IeCTBO BaJIb OB cTapoii KOHCTPYK U C BaJIKo-
BblMB nOADIBnHBKaMH CKOJIb$eHBH, ,ll;JIH CMa3KB KOTOpblX npBMeHHIOTCH pa3JIJI1I-
HbIe CBCTeMIaI, pa60TaIOID;Ue sa rycToii B Ha $up;Koii CMaSKe (HanpBMep, MapKB
AK-15 II ,ll;p.). B Ka'leCTBe CMa30'lHblX YCTpoicTB npBMeHHIOTCtI JIy6pBKaToplaI,
meCTepeH'IaTble HaCOCbl U MaCJIeHKB C nO,ll;BH$BOi KpblIIIKOii.
npBBoABble U <}IpBR UOHHble meCTepHB CMaSHBaIOTCJI HUrpOJIOM U COJIB,II;OJIOM,
aaKJIa,ll;blBaeMblMB B HU$HIOIO nOJIOBHBY orpa$,II;alOID;JIX KO$YXOB. ,D.JIJI npaBHJIb-
Hoii opraHBsa 3aBO,ll;CKOrO CMa30'lHOrO x03J1iiCTBa Ha Ka$,II;YIO MamBHY (B TOM
'IBCJIe U BaJIb laI) ,ll;OJI$Ha 6blTb pa3pa60TaHa KapTa CMa3KB.
3.2.2. npOHSBoAHTenbHocTb Banb140B
llPOUSBOAHTeJIbHOCTb BaJIb OB saBUCBT OT Bup;a KayqyRa, pe enTa CMeCB,
KOHCTpyR BaJIbD;OB B MOID;HOCTB ux npBBO,ll;a B BSMeHHeTCJI B ,ll;OBOJIJ.HO mupOKBX
npe,ll;eJIax. 3arpY3Ka V (B JI) CMeCHTeJIbHLIX B nO,ll;OrpeBaTeJIbHIaIX BaJIb OB 06b1'1HO
onpe,ll;eJIJleTCJI no 9MnupnecKoii <}IopMyJIe
V = LDK
r e V - o61.eM sarpY8KD; L - BBa pa601Jei 1JaCTB BaJlKa; D - ABalleTp pa601Jei 'I8CTB
BaJlKa; K - Roatt eBT, B8IIeRlDO CII B saBBCBIIOCTB OT TOro, B KaKBX e ax BSJITIot L
B D.
ECJID L D D B3J1Tbl B ,ll;lOiiMaX, TO K = 0,0417, eCJIB B CallTJDleTpaX, TO K = 0,0065-:-
-:- 0,0085, a eCJIU B MeTpaX, TO K = 60 -:- 85.
,l(JIJI KayqyROB CKH H CKe!> H cMeceii Ha ux OCHOBe e,ll;HHOBpeMeHBas 3arpY3K8
,ll;JIJI BaJIb OB cepmmoii KOHCTpyR B YMeHbmaeTCJI ,11;0 50%.
3Has eAJIIIOBpeMeHByro sarPY3KY V, MO$HO onpe,ll;eJIHTb npOHSBO,ll;RTeJIbHOCTb
Q (B Kr/MBB) CMeCBTeJIbHLIX ulno,ll;orpeBaTeJIbHlaIx BaJIb OB:
Q_ 6OV
t
r.e V - OBpexeBBM sarpyalta BaJIb OB, JI; V - WlOTBooTl> o6pa6aTLlBaeMoro "aTepBaJla
ltI'/fI)l.l; a - Koa(icl>BqDeBT BCDOJIL30BaBBII MamBllBOrO BpeMeRB BaJIb OB (a = 0,8+ 0,9); t-
opoB8BO JIl>BOCTb a o6pa6OTRB o oi SarpYSKD MaTepBaJIa, IIBII.
llpOB3BO,ll;BTeJIbHOCTb Q (B Kr/'l) pa<}lBBBpYIOID;BX BaJIb OB JlBJIJlIOB:\BXCR
MamBBOB HenpepblBHoro ,ll;eiCTBBff, onpe,ll;eJIfflOT no ypaBHeHBIO
Q=60aDnhbya
r e D - ABaMeTp sa,qsero BaJIRa. fI)I.; n - 1fBMO 060POTOB s/Vn[ero BaJIKa B 1 MDB; h - TO a
MOil MaTepBaJIa, CBBllaeMoro C s/Vn[ero BaJIKa, M; b - IIIBpBBa MOR MaTepBaJIa, fI)I.; l' - WlOT-
SooTb MaTepDaJIa, 1tI'/11.M1; a - KOaj4iJlqlleRT BCDOJIbSOBaDBII MalDBBBoro BpexesB,
llPOBSBOAHTeJIbHOCTb Q (B Kr/MBH) ,ll;p06UJILHblX U pa3MaJIblBalOID;BX BaJIL OB
MO$HO onpe,ll;eJIBTL no ypaBHeImIO
Q = fl i'V
r,.e f - C61JeRBe sapeSRB BaJIKa, fI)I.'; I - AIIBSa KasaBKB, fI)I.; - KO JlqlleBT aaDOJISeRBII
(o6LJ11BO Ii = 0,7 + 0,8); t - Ro.nB1JecTBO RaBaaOIt, Dpom8AOJllX 1Jepes sasop B e BIU'DpeMeRB
Ba 6L1CTpO Bp aIO eMCII BaJIRe; V - WlOTBOCTb MaTepBaJIa, Itr/fI)l.l.
100
3.2.8. npMBOA aanb40B
BaJIb Ll BLlnycKaIOTcH OTe'leCTBCnHLlMH 3aBo.n;aMB B IIHAJilBl'IAyaJIbHOM HCnOJI-
BeHHH, cnapeHHLllom H C rpynnoBLlM npUBo.n;OM. npHBO.n; MO$eT pacnOJIaraTbCH
C npaBoii B C JIeBoii CTOpOHLl OT pa60'lero MeCTa. B nepBOM CJIyqae BaJIb Ll Ha3Ll-
BaIOT npaBLIMH, BO BTOpOM - JIeBLlMH.
B Ha'laJIe m(JIa 06pa60TKu MOm;HOCTb B 1,5-2 paaa npeBLlmaeT cpe.n;HIOIO
MOm;HOCTb, nOTpe6JIHelllYIO BaJIb aMH. II09TOMY MOm;HOCTb 9JIeKT'p0.n;BHraTeJIH H O
BLl6HpaTb C yqeToM :noii nHKOBoii HarpyaKH; OHa BLlDIe, 'IeM y rpynnoBoro npllBoAa,
r.n;e aarpyaKy BaJIb OB MO$HO c.n;eJIaTb 60JIee paBHOMepHoii: no YKa8aHHOB npB'DIHe
B pJl.n;e CJIyqaeB npH IIH.n;HBH.n;yaJIbHOM npHBo.n;e yCTaHaBJIHBaIOT CIIHXpOHHLlB 9JIeR-
Tpo.n;BBraTeJIb, KOTOpLlii npB He.n;orpyaRe MO$eT pa60TaTb KaR ROMneBcaTOp B
YJIyqmaTb KOCHHYC <po '
B OT.n;eJIbHLlX CJIyqaHx, Kor.n;a Tpe6yeTcH U3MeHHTb 'IaCTOTY Bpam;eHBH BaJIROB
B BX <}IpHK HIO B mHpOKBX npe.n;eJIax (HanpHMep, npB pa60Te Ha JIa60paTopBLlX
BaJIb ax), npUMeHHeTCH npBBO.n; OT OT.n;eJIbHOrO 9JIeKTpo.n;BHraTeJIH nOCTOJIHHOrO
!fORa Ha J{a$.n;Llii BaJIOK. TaKoii npHBo.n; JDleIOT JIa60paTopHLIe BaJIb Ll JI6160 :
100
H JI6 200 ""'100' BLlnycKaeMLle 3aBo.n;OM «MeTaJIJIHCT» B JIeHBHrpa.n;e.
3aBo.n; «BOJIbmeBUR» BLlnycKaeT YCTaHOBKH, COCTO He Ba .n;BYX H Tpex BaJIb-
OB C 60'lROii .n;JIHBoii 2130 MM C rpynnoBLlM npHBo.n;OM OT CHHxpOHHoro 9JIeKrpO-
.n;BuraTeJIH 'Iepea pe.n;YKTOp. MaKCUMaJIbHOe 'IHCJIO Manl1m B TaRBX cepBiiHLIx yCTa-
HOBKax B HaCTo ee BpeMH He npeBLlDIaeT Tpex npB BCnOJIbaOBaHHH BaJIb OB .n;JIH-
Hoii 2130 MM H .n;ByX npH npHMeHeHHB BaJIb OB MeHbmHX paaMepOB. ToplofOaHoe
YCTPOBCTBO Ha My<}lTe 3JIeKTpo.n;BHraTeJIH OTcyrCTByeT, TaR RaR npB rpynnoBoM npB-
Bo.n;e OT CHHxpOHHoro 9JIeRTpo.n;BHraTeJIH OC eCTBJIHeTCH 9JIeKTpo.n;HHaMH'IeCKOe
TOpMO$eHHe, 06eCne'lllBaIOm;ee nOCJIe Ha$aTHH Ha aBapHiiHLlii BLlKJIIO'IaTeJIb
OCTaHOB Heaarpy$eBBLlX BaJIb OB C nOBopOTOM BaJIKa B npe.n;eJIax .n;o 1/. 060-
pOTa.
,IJ,JIH coe.n;lIHeHHJI BLlxo.n;Horo BaJIa pe KTopa C TpaHcMHccHOHHLlM BaJIOM
npHMeHHIOTcH paaJIII1IHLIe coe.n;HHHTeJIbHLle My<}lm, B TOM 1J1ICJIe ay6'1aTaH MY<}ITa
cI>acTa, IWTopaH .n;onycKaeT HeKOTopLlii nepeKOC coeAIIHHeMLlX BaJIOB. My<}ITa
npOCTa B MOHTa$e U HaAe$Ha B 9KCnJIyaTa HH.
,IJ,JIH coeABHeHHH BaJIa 9JIeKTpOABHraTeJIH C BaJIOM peAyRTopa npHMeHftIOTCH
ynpyrBe COeABHHTeJIbHLle My<}ITLl pa3JIII1IHLlX THnOB, HanpJDIep naJIL eBaH My<}lTa
«!)paUKa, npY$HHHaH My<}lTa BH6B HAP. Bce 3TH My<}ITLl, nepeAaBaH KpYTHm;HB:
MOMeH'f, 'IaCTB'IHO ROMneHCHpYIOT HeTO'tJ.HOCTB eHTpOBKB BaJIa .n;BHraTCJIH H BaJIa
peAYKTopa, DeROTopoe paaperYJIHpOBaHue B oceBoe nepeMem;eHHe HX B npon;ecce
pa60TLI H o6ecne"IHBaIOT 9JIaCTII1IHOCTb nepe.n;a'lH.
3apy6eHCHLle <}IHpMLI mRpOKO npUMeHHIOT peSBHOBLle H peaHHonHeBMaTH'Ie-
CRHe coeAHDHTeJIbHLle My<}ITLl, 06eCne'lUBaIOm;He nJIaBHyIO pa60TY npHBo.n;a, cno-
C06HLlO BK IO'IaTLCH Ha XOAY H .n;onYCKaIOm;He HeKoTopyIO HeCOOCHOCTb H H3JIOM
Be.n;ym;ero H Be.n;OMoro BaJIOB.
B BaCTo ee BpeMH AJIH BaJIL OB C 60JIbmllM paa.n;BHrOM Ba.'1KOB H paCCqBTaH-
HLlX nl\ pa60TY C BLlCOKHMU pacnopHLlMH yCHJIHHMB npUMeHHeTcn 6JIOK-pe.n;YKTOp,
B ROTOpOM paaMem;eBLl npBBo.n;HLIe B <}Ipm(l BOHBLle meCTepHB. BJIOK-peAYKTOp
coe.n;lIHeH AIIYMH BLlXOABLTMB BaJIaMH 'Iepea YBHBepCaJILBLle mapBHpHLle YCTpoii-
CTBa BenocpeACTBeHBO C BaJiKaMH BaJIb OB. CTOJDIOCTL TaRoro nplIBOAa 3Ba'lU-
TeJIbBO BLlme CTOJDIOCTH 06Ll'lHLlX npUBOAOB, OAHaRO mCCTepHU npBBOAa, ero no)].-
mBnHHKH H no.n;mHDHBKH BaJIROB pa60TaIOT B 60JIee 6JIarOnpHHTHLlX YCJIOBHHX.
B OTe'leCTBeHHOB npOMLlmJIeBBOCTU 6JIOK-pe.n;YRTOp Ba'lRBaeT npHMeHHTbCH B BaJIL-
ax, paCC'IBTaHHLlX AJIH pa60TLl C 60JIblllJUm pacnopHLlMB yCIIJIHHMB - AO 20 RH/clo[
II HMeIOm;UX npHBOA nOBLIIlleHHoii MOm;BOCTB.
101
...
..,.
ii
=.
i
a
i
o' l
.... ....
to- to-
g
U)
....
cu
a:
U
00"
ill!
OIl!
0..
ii
..i
s:>.s:>.
;a
Ii
d
II
1:11
f
I
....
..0
eJ8
00 Ii
&
. iii
U
I;
Uf
tla
,!=
....&'"
":i;
il:{C>
00;8
ti=
II I
.......
.....
!is..
:;;i
O"i
i !g:
Oil@
Oict
..
oo
!
ra
:iI'
E::f
II!
II
......
!
!2
I
i
;,'j
.
j:Q
.
co
....
cw)
c3
cf
8
=
=
a
:a
:II
8.
=
)Ia
i
IQ
o
I
iii
:a
III
,;
o
i
I:
E
11:1
!
t
H
=
iii
I
H
foo
e>i
o:s
::t'
::s
o:s
104
:0
=
s:>.
=
'"
I;
..
1;
I
:c
HJtWI go
'IInRa'mlJda
e.LOJ.:leh
.LgII
'CU:lOU'mOW
J:I
$I
I-
It 'UHnn e!:
80}IqU1!8 q.Looa
"'Ilta.LBtto8&HOdn
1'11'1 'do!:lI!: vnhog!!d
I!I'IUQlteWH:lHew
t:
a
:.:
:>I
...
e
g=
go
O.IaH'It88
z
o:ai
cuo
1II:c
:1:1;
...cu
s:>.'"
a
o.IaRtrOdaD
'"
101
g,
1:1
C)
:c
IS:
'"
:::
;!u
r. 0
III
:go
00=
o
:I
::f
cu
IXI
I
o
I-
cu e:>
s:>.e:>
o _
"=
o
e:>
...
...
00
Q
i'
<'I
...
,
N
o
«
...
<:£
...
...
.......
...
....
..:..::-: 1.
.:.:
.... :.:
r:
....
Ci
...00
...
ooc?
....
oc=
:3 .
..
'"
s:>.
1:1
-
0>
...
-
...
eN
I
e:>
e:>
-
\0
e:>
e:>
...,
-
-
..
N
X
eN
<'I
."
6
1:1
-
o
e:>
-
00
I
'"
00
I
I
...
OoC!l '=
gj
q:g, 1:1
I
:I
e:> '"
... ..
... -
o
...
-
e:>
...,
<:>
:'!
e,
'f
eN
CO(
eN
o
-<
o
...
:..:r.:
.....
..
...':..... I
-:7':.:.: :
-- ...
...
''?d:
.."'.-.
11:: 0
co
!O
(,)
...
....
":.=
I
r
00 "'cu
"":.t
....
...
"-
...
:t:
IX!
'"
..
-
e:>
e:>
e:>
...
eN
X
<'I
...
...
u
1:1
e:>
...
...
CIO
I
eN
00
I
...
c C
I- '" 3
!i! ..
"'0 :g,
s:>. 1:1
-
...
...
...
eN
""
e:> I Q e:> I Q
QO <:01:0
............-
Q e:>
Q ...
<'I ...
10 10
e:> Q
Q N
..... ...
'"
.....
0"
...,
4;n
-...
0>
Ci
00_
-n
e
-
...
"-
co
--
!
..
.
IN
o
-<
...
<'I
...
.........0
....r--co aO
Q_N ..
..:...;.:-
-..........-
c;
...
,,;...
'"
N
-
.n
...,
... .
.=
... "'.-.
)=0
c:o
-
...
Q
-
eN
...
"' , ...,
<'I'"
...""
e:>
...,
...
10
,
cu
s:>.'
a.-.
za
III'"
III
a5
3'"
"
=
C)s:>.
o
QJ:I
",C)
...
.;;
...
ao'"
...
.....
-
..
'"
..""
""
C;
- .
...
-
....
"-
...
--
00
,
N
00
.:.
o
-<
....
e:>
-
c.)«N
Q
.....NC'I') ..
. . .""
.............
......C\1
r--r-.c:oc.
:;:!.:
""
-'
.=
v-
<'1=0
1
1;
"'C)O'
.Q
:;
e:>
....
ooe:>
."'N'
-
""
'"
...
...,
...
-
<'I
<'I
e:>
...,
...
-
e:>
00
ao
...,
.,;
e:>
...
<'I
...
.
IN
l'
...
o
-<
9
...
'I
o
-<
... 00
e:> e:>
- ...
...,
<'!.
-
....
"'...
eN .
..:-
...-
..
"'
...,
-
0>
..:
...
...
...
...
-
e:>
..;
-
...
...
-
.,
oe:oC!I 'i=
33 3
: :
-
..
co
-
""
""
.....
-- ...
...- ...
<'I'" co
r1:=
IX!IX! ""
O l e:> ..., 1 '"
COc:Q--
_....C?
e:> 0
eN ...
... ...
I:{ 0(
1:1 1:1
'"
,Q
cu
'"
..
s:>.e:>
.. <'I
o ...
t::
"..-
m
..I;
!
::;
=3
III
.sg.
e:> e:>=
... ... C)
... ...
o
..
...
'"
00
...
...
...
00
-
...
--
""
-
..!.
0;>
eN
o
-<
00
e:>
-
.:
:;; I
I
I
CW)
.a
\t')
<:> Q e:>
... Q Q
co 00 00
!:
'"
00
...
Q
..
...
...,
..
'"
...
-
co
.
...
""
o
-<
::;!
eN
Q
...
6
«
e:> e:>
... co
e:> e:>
- -
e>
:1
-- -
-
a;
Ci
00
...
e:>
..:
...
co
,,;
...
co t--
:n"i
:
e:>
..;
N
c
oC!I
",i III
cGQ,) 8
="=
o>e:> ...
co.. ..
-- -
...... ...
e:>Q '"
...,'" '"
'"
'"
f
=
'"
i
I;
CD
es
l-
S!
I
101
t
I
e:>
Q
00
Q
e:>
00
-
..
,Q
B
e-
I: 2
'" I 101
0
I1i a" 4>
I- Ie
0 c:>. I; . . .. ... i
..
:s:; i! 0
'" 0 2
111 :; :Ii :; 10
2
.. IS: " <OS
..
cu "
'"
e:> e:> ..., co e:> Q e:> e:> .. .. ..
.r. · 800811I 00 ... ... ... e:> 00 ..., .. 00 .. ...,
... ... ...,
- <'I C'!,
... ..: ..:
.,; .,; e - N .. ... .. ... ... ...
..., Q Q ..., Q e:> e:> ..., e:> ... ...
8.r.O:l1'l8 ... ... - - ... ... ..., ... e:> ..., ...,
..., <'I ... ..., ..., .. ..., ..., ..., ... ...
..2 ... ... - - ... - - ... - ... ...
::a 2
I!! . e:> Q ... on ..., e:> Q on Q on ...
1OI::a eHndnm ... ... ..., 0- ... k'") e:> ... ... 00 00
c:>.c:>. ... ... on 00 ao <'I ... ..., ... - ...
cu" - - - ... ...
10 2
cu'"
cu 00 00 Q Q C e:> ..., e:> ..., Q
s:>. e:>
8HHL'1t 00 ... 00 ... Q 00 00 on ... -
- ..., - - <'I ... eN 0> .. 0- Q
... - - ... <'I ... - ... '"
) ..
l' l' f,." II
eN eN IX!
eN eN :c
....
0 0 e:>
...: « II "1'
'"
s:>. 2:: 2=
..
0 -
'"
!
"1 ':
'"
IO
'8
'"
'" o
.. ",0
;:e:> .. ' «c
i1! ::e:> =
t1 c
'" ;:(..:' "'... 0 <=
'" c- 3- « "
0
. " Coli :r;:-
s:>.
=
;::
;:: " == ",-
-: <; II
I;
: t-&
&-: 3:1
s::
;.. ""....
.. I"'
"'
'8 Ee,:
..,
Po . .:c alXl
..... -....
e:>
:.:
oe:>
8 ",Q '" 80 s:>.
g,
Q
ell .., 0 !C II 1-0- 0
Ie .. ..
:E
II e: ..
II'
s::
;.. ;..
0 ... ;..
0:;
CI. Po
P. Po (I) (I) Po
Olr:lnb aOH Q I I C> ... <C ..., on
-ho.r.eUadan ... I I I .,; - - ... e
1\ '" ,; -
.0 c;
'"
101 Q
g: , .,. '"
:a -- - ::::
, == L'"> ...
e:> ,Q k'O e:> <:> ,
-- Q
I- = l' <; e :i: 0 ...
cu " .. .. .. , c
:c
:s: c ,
. ::r
0
," t1 ';. ,
"? - - ;.:;
.. o. , ::f "" ,
Po 0> = "" r:f -
::r' C) c ;::
'"' t:::
P. . ,
C
I:
<' Z
'" cu
- . s:>..
-i . ., :;; .
'0 ::: .
<:s
:c- I:
:<;-
E: :0 ..'" .. w:S
so. ::0 -'"
., 0:; -= ; ::1=
cu .or,
:s i:< .. ":0 i; .
:e :s 0.., O.
'" II: C,...
=
go
.
. . $2 .£2 .
..
;:;; e:> e:>::a
e:> e:> on e:> e:> s:>. e:> e:> e:>
C e:> <C ,- 0 <'I .. "" '" ...Ie Q Q
0 .. - - "" CO> ... 0 0) :Q <C 00 00
10
'"
I';: t::
105
CII)
<:I
::
-
::s
:e
...
1iE
o
o
106
"e:>
e:>..
aHPI/8° ......
'JlnaaDJII 8 on on e:> on on on on ..- e:> ..., e:>
00 00 .. 00 00 00 00 ;n... 0> 00 e:>
e.r.o.r.:leb ... 0> ... 0> ... ... 0> 00 on 0> 0> ...
...:
..
=
s:>. ..e:>
= e:>e:>
,Q .r.gH on ,,,> ,
"" '" '" '" 0><'1 e:> e:> e:>
I; 'q.l.:loalllolli .. '" <:', ,.., ,.., ... ,.., on 00 ...
- - - - - - 00 '" - ...
f ...
101 ...
..
-- ...
:s
...
... ... ... ... . e:>
. . :i! -- ,n ...
'f' ""
:a
00 --
... .
= ... . .,., '" ...,
-- ... .;; ...
0> '" '" <'I ...
0 ... - ... . '"
'"
0 ,.., ,.., - ... ,
(I) t- - ";' '? . '? , . ,.., CO) ...
6 ... I
0 ::s:; CO) ... ... ... ... -< ...
-< -< < 0 0 0 0 - :!! 0
< -< -< -< 0 < 0
-<
It 'ltlum ec 0
... e:> 0 e:>
80n'lll'e8 'I.r.:lOR e:> e:> e:> e:> e:> e:> e:> I
CO) ... ... 00 00 00 00 ... ... ...
-'l1t3J.1ill'08£nodu ..., - - -
...
_ 'dose£ "nboged e:> e:> e:> e:> e:> Q 0 Q e:> e:> e:>
"NR'IlfeJlB:llleJ( - <'I '" ... ... - - ... ... - ...
'is ... .. .. 00 00 ... .. 00 .. <'I '"
:; - <'!. <'!. '" <'!. - q q q
:c ..; - - ..; - ..; - - ... - -
= .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. \ ., ..
s:>. - ... ... - - - - - - - -
e
,Q :0':':
tie e:> ... ...
00 <'!.
OJaliltee q
N....C'o! ... ...
&!i! .. ,,; .,.:; .; ... ... ... ....... .,; ... .,;
0__ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ......... ... CO) ...
:II ,DoO
...-
II: - t:
II!
.,;.-
:e:C ... e:> "? - ... ... ... ......... <'I e:> c:
OJ3al1ooaD ,,; ..; ..: ..: e N e:> _ ... aO
on
:: ,,; 00
:c ... '" '" <'I <'I ... ... ... '" ...
0 ...
...
OCII OCIIOCII OCIIOCII OCIIOCII OCIIOCII
OCIIOCII OCIIOCII OCII OCIIOCII OCIIOCII
.. ::a :a:a
:a::a :zI::a ::a::a :a::a :a :a::a ::a::a
= .. .... "co .... ....
.. ::
..
..
s:>. cu cu'" cu .' cu.. cu.. 8,..
s:>.
s:>.
s:>."
= = =
= =
., -<'I -... "'on <'I'" ...... ""on 0>0> -'" ... ..00 ......
:c .... e:>e:> e:>e:> ..... ..... ..... on... -- Q ao... ......
.. -- ...,..., on on e:>Q e:>e:> e:>Q e:>e:>
= ... -- "'<'1
-- -- ...... e:>e:> Qe:> e:>e:> e:>e:> - -- --
e:>e:> e:>Q QQ ...... ...... ...CO) ...... QQ e:> e:>e:> e:>Q
IS: ...,..., on on on on ...,..., ...,on ""on ...,..., ...,..., ..., ...,on ...,...,
e:>1e:> ,
.. . .. e:>r
e:>1=> ... ... e:>1e:> e:>1e:> e:>1e:> ,e:>Ie:>,e:>Ie:>
!i!!
e:>IQ e:>1e:> e:>IQ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... - ... oe:> 'eo co eo eo
..., on ... ... ..."" ... ... ... ... Q ... ... .. .. 00 00 cc eo <C eo
..0 ..., on >l) on on"" e:>
"'0 Q Q e:> e:> e:> ..., e:> Q e:> Q e:>
;
e:> e:> Q e:> Q ... e:> e:> Q ... ...
..., on on on - - -
"'0 00 00 00 ... - = - - <'I '" '"
08= :E :E :II I:{ I:{ 0 :s :It :II t:! I:{
0 0 0 0 = = :i 0 0 0 = =
0
I . . M
cu cu . ;..
s:>,' co
'" ..
'i s:>. I:{
.. '"
0
!:I
=
. . cu
:a ..I; .. = .. :c
a
::a . ::a ..
:i ::a;.. III . 101 III . 0
,Q III
I; ..
:II I; <!) .. . i@ . cu
cu
t
IXI
=:a .. ::a . .. .
III t- III t- ;..I:r
,Q
s:>. cu ,Q.. ,Q g! -;j
I; co
I;
0 .. e:> e:> Q e:> e:> G> e:>
e:>
5 e:> s:>. e:> e:>
e:> e:> e:> s:>. ...
g!
5 e:> e:> .. ..., =,Q ..., £j .n on ... a ...
00 00 00 0 - .,1; - ... ... <'I <'I <'I
'" I:{ 11
11
ill 0
0 = 0 0 =
Gi
::a
III
09.
!IOI
:.:
OCU
:a:
"::a
0CII1e
i
"'
....
...
::s
-:
o
C\:)
o
t::::
"
.Ii a "
II! :c
101
B =
'" .. g, ..
0 !:I cu IE t> ..
CDII * 2 " .. .. ..
.. ..
Os:>. 0
'" j.. eo I;
0
CU:ll = !XI
0 Eo: s:>. "
'" 1!1::
'" "
'"
..., ... - ... ... ...Q e:> on
..., ..., ... Q e:> ... ...Q e:> 0> ...
.r. 'e:l:leJ\I - q ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0
..: ... ... c-1 c-1 cic-; <ii ..: 00
... ...,
-
<'I '" '" <'I <'I ..., ..., ...
... ..., ..., ... ... ... ... on ..., e:> ...,
e.r.O:lN8 on - - ... <'I '" <'I'" on ... ...
... - - Q e:> e:> Qe:> e:> e:> ...
"I - '" '" '" <'I '" <'1<'1 '" '" <'I
. on e:> Q on on
"'> ""on on ..., e:>
'"::a I1BBdnm 00 on on on on on on... <'I ... Q
!os:>. - ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..., <'I
CUO ... '" ... ... ... '" ...... ... ... ...
10 2
cu'" ...,
cu Q e:>o
s:>. on e:> e:> Q e:> Q e:> ...
eBIIII'Il ... ... ... ... ... ... ... "" ... ... ...
... ... ... 00 00 00 000> a> ...
...
"'> ..., ... ... .... ... ... ... on on
-
'f II II co. II &i ... II
-
-
tf.
'? 1\ :0:; <'I
.
""
... '"
u 1\ 0
0
-< .
... ...
0 l'
.
CU "" tf. l' '" -<
....
s:>. :s
"'
"'
"" "'
'f ...
'Ie . III
.Ie Ie .
OJ "'Ie 0=
a 015: ::E= "'
=: :
:s 0 t:::::E ... ..2 0=
'" e:;:s 1;....
i
0.... 0....
0-' .
.. cu.... '"
oo
:: ..10 -<'8 -('8 o
-('8 0 CUO 0.....
Ie ,,0 -<
0 ..Q -<10
CU
Q e:> 2 e:> -< 15:e:> 0
.. e:> 0 :s
0 ..... e:>
0 s:>.0> 2'" :II
2'" :s
1:[- 2e:>
s:>. !: II ..-
1\
O ..- ..Ie &11 .....
101
1\
I\
1;-
c;
=
t:=
"
1:- '"= !G= 1;....
CU fj; '" ..
.. "j; ..... .. ., ..10 1;'" ..=
Po i:Q
IXI ilXl =- ='" =0 .o1Xl 101. _
=:c
I\ ..IXI "'e:> :S::C
'"
I:[:C I:[:C I:{:':
c
80' .. 0 0 &= 0 8<'> 01Xl
'" s:>.... s:>.... .. s:>.... s:>.
s:>.:C
£ '" - '" - t:.. '" . !C " III" '"'"
f g!
:e
ii
ii :e
ii II'
:c "
..'"
=
>-
o £ £ I;IXI 0 I; ;..
Q, Po Eo< (I):c Eo< (I) (I) Q, (I)
..., on on on on
ou:>nb <lOB ..., ... ... ... ... ... ... '" ... ...,
... ... ... ... ...
..., ... -
-bo.r.etr;}(fau ... ... ... e e e = I e ...
<ii e:>
CU on on - - - - 00 - os>
'I:{
0
'"
15:
s:>. s:>.
= ;:.
....
s:>. . e:> e:> 0 Q :.: 0
0 e:>
0
'" I:: Q =: =: ... ... - ... ... 00
:c is on ::r . ::r
.. I
.
>- . ::f ::f ::f Ii" 0
I:{ - ::s:; ::s:; :t: :t: ;.:; ::f
'" I:f :c
Po 0
::s:; =:
.
. .Q . .
.
. o .
. . . . t.
I:: . . . . . 1:(.
<>
CU . . CU . . . . .
. g, . . .. . . . . . '" .
.. =
. 2 . s:>. . . . . . .
:II . .. .
. . 0 . . . CU
::a m
.
. . . . . :c .
::f ":I '" . c . . . . .. . '" .
,Q a... ::a :II 0
I; . III . . . . :;: . = .
CU ::a = 15: CU
IXI .. . ",I; ,Q . .. . .. . . . ,Q . t>
0= =: =:
::a . c
. ::a . . .
. ;"0
III . . III . . .
J:I'
,Q
CU ,Q ,Q g! ,Q
=: . .. I; I; QI:;
'" e:>
c
e:> e:> e:> .. e:>
e:> e:> s:>. e:> Q e:> c
f'
g!
5 e:> e:> e:> .. on =.. on IS: ..., ...,
00 00 00 0 - <>31 - <> ... ... <'I 0 ... ...
I
III ..
2
0 = 0 0 =
0)
0::1
107
-i
\0
o:!
BBw/go e:> on e:> e:> ..., e:> e:> ..., Q on ...,
'IIBBSmlld8 Q 00 Q Q .. c:> e:> 00 .. 00 00
8.LO.L:leh ... c:> ..., ... a> ..., ... c:> c:> ..., c:>
..
III
,Q .Lall e:> e:> ::> e:> Q Q e:> on ..., on ...,
e:> 00 '" Q e:> 00 on ... <'I
i 'q.LOOB1DOW ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..
2!
I ... ... e:> <
e:> , - -
:s Q :s
- on . , - CD e:> If
. '" ... ! Q . I CI) ...
'" :n ..., ..., ... ... ... , , ...
= ... . . , ... a>
... c:>
:
, on ... ... e:> ... . I e:> e:> ,
... "? ... - 6 ... ... I=: ... 6 I=:
. I ... - ,
... ... ... . . 0 0 0
0 j:!., j:!., 0 ... < < <
0 < I:( B < -< I:( <
0 0
It 'IfHIID e8 e:> e:> Q e:> .. Q e:> .. I . . I.
8Q\1'11t8IJ q.LOOR' ... ... ... :;: Q e:> e:> ..., e:>e:> e:>
e:> - on ...,'" ::> e:>""
..oma.LBIt08SBodU - ... - on - ... 00 ...- on ......
111111 'dose8 '"boged e:> Q e:> Q e:> e:> Q e:> Q Q Q
QI'IBqIt11WB:lHeJ\I - ... - - - ... - ... - ... ...
i .. .. ... ... on 00 ..., on ..., <0>
q 'q q q on e:> <'I on ..., ... "?
:c ... - - - ... ,,; ,,; ... ... .. ...
! .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ., ... ..
eo - - - ... .. - - - - -
/
,Q
gill O.JslI1te8 <'!. <'!. OC? "? 00 Q ... Q e:> e:> Q
s:>.
... ... ... on ..: ... on
= ... ..:
0..... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ...
:s
0: -
ca"
111 0
:e
Q e:> ..., e:> .. "! ..., -
O.JSHtradSD
... Q
;..CU c:i c-1 ... ,,; - ... ..: ..: - ...
s:>.. ... M ... ... ... ... ... <'I <'I
:.: -
0
a
'IIIc Cc
*
c
c*
*
c i
c
c
.. :!I::a :!I:a ..ill ..::a ::a:a ..:a ..:a ..:a ..:a
101 .... "'0> co= ....
! cu" cu" &
cu"
s:>. cu", cu", :t..
&.. s:>.
s:>.
1:1
I:I
1:1 I:I
1:1 B 1:11=: I::
Q ...... on... -<'I -<'I C:>Q -<'I ...,... ...,... ..., ...00 ......
i ...... 0><0> <'1<,' <'1<'1 c:>e:> <'1<'1 ...... ...... ... ...... ......
...... ...- ...... ...... ...'" :=:: ...... -... ... -... --
-- -... ...... ...... ...- -.. ...... - -... -...
e:>o e:>Q e:>Q Qe:> e:>e:> QQ e:>e:> e:>Q Q Qe:> e:>e:>
IS: on"" ...,..., ...,..., ...,..., ""on ...,..., on..., on on ..., ...,..., ""on
'>
'" e:>1e:> e:>jQ e:>IQ e:>r .. ... .. . . e:>1e:> e:>1e:>
gje-o ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
e:>1e:>QIe:> e:>1e:> Qle:> e:>1e:> on ..., on""
...... ... ... ... ... ...... C>_u?.n......... c.-ca...
.,0 ....cc.n'nc.t-- ...cc....cc on on on on
='0 Q Q Q e:>
!8
... ... ... ... Q Q Q e:> e:> Q 0
- - - - e:> Q Q 0 e:> e:> e:>
3 0 '" '" ... <'I 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
10= I:{ :s' :s ill s:>. s:>. s:>. .eo it '" s:>.
0 1:1 0 0 0 I:( I:( I:(
j:!., 1:1
M M
. . .
'"
. .,
Q, s:>.
'" I:{ . '"
t') '" '"
:s: = ==
cu
cu
::a :c x :c
.. .. '"
::r 0 i 0 .. . .
III III .. ;.
cu
'" j!o;- j!:o iJ .
cu "'..
IQ <:>0 :!I <:>0 <:>0 .. fa .
::I ;o.::r ::a fa '"
b
»::r . a!
,Q -,Q -,Q !S ;..
I; Q e:>1; e:>1:: s:>.
.
:
... ...cu ...
Q e:> Q $ e:> e:> e:> ! e:>
B ...'" ...'" oS 0 Q Q e:> e:> i e:> 0
... '" '" <'I 00 00 00 = 00 00 00 :s 00
'" 0 .eo '" 0
:it s:>. '" cu Q,
0 t::f Q,. j:!., 1:1
.....
.. .
:cC
o
..:c
..
n,
I!
=
gj
1OI
U:gj
..
:g
:ao..
111":01
"''''!5,
:!<J
1OIs:>.1;
j:!.,1:1
..
;:I
;t
..
!I!
"I
o
<1:)
o
::::
.....
t08
q)
::s
:t
i
o
<1:)
8-
:
,Q s!a.
I;
..
101 :.:
'" 101 III
'" g
<> .. .. .. .. . .. ..
..
..
'" a.
= I; 1
.:c 0
!XI
0 " e;
OIl
CU
'"
<'I on Q e:> ..., Q CD
a> 00 Q e:> e:> CD '" CD ..., CD 00
10 '8:101/J( ... OC? 00 CD ... ... CD e:> e:> .. 0>
,,; CD <'1- ..: ..: c-1 e ..: <» 00 .0
00 <'I CD 00 ... CO> ..., ... <'I ... -
on e:> ... ..., ..., e:> e:> .." .." <'I ....
e.w:lN8 :;: CO> ... ... ..., .. GO ..., ..., ... on
..:Ii Q - - .. CI) 00 CI) CD ... CD
::a:O ... eN ... ... ... .. ... ... ... - -
Ei e:> ..., e:> Q ..., e:> ..., ..., on Q on
s:>.
8RBdum e:> '" c:> e:> e:> ..., a>
CO> e:> 00
<'I ..., ... <'I ... CD CI) ... on -
CU:l ... CO> ... ...
'" CI) CO> '" "" CO>
.olIO
..., on on
..., e:> 00 on on e:> ..., ..., Q ..., ...,
eKn It!t ... ... ... ... 00 e:> CD CD ... 00 CI)
e:> CO> ..., e:> ... e:> ... .. e:> 00 ...
... ... .. <'I CO> CI) ... CO> .. on '"
a ...
.
...
<'I
,
... <'I
0
cu
s:>.
0
0 <'I -<Iii'
110 0
..... :Ii
0= ..-
t> -<= 1'8
101
= -
cu 10 Ee:>
'" 0 I:
0 :Ie:>
s:>.
= ..e:>
1;'" oD
;..
...
c:
.. cu . :0: ._
C> ..It .,'"
0. 101.. I;IQ
"'''' eD:c
IX! 101<'1
1:1,11: 8. ..
"'<'I .. . 0
D :
:Ii III :II os " ... " ,
.. ...
;0,....
;..
0. 0.
..., ..., ...,
OJrollb <lOR ..., ... ... ..., .. ..., ..., ... on
- CO> ... .. '" I - CD e CO> CD
-bo.Lell'adaD CD e
CD e 00 <» .,; ai
..; - CD ..; ... - -
0
'"
=
s:>.
= ... > >
'" ...
s:>. :0: :0: ... ...
. I .
0 C> Q Q Q Q tl ;.. <'I e:> Q e:> e:>
'" = 00 CD 00 00 CD
. Q CD CD Q
:.: 101 , . . .
.. e:> ...,
:t '?
i2 0 i:f 0 0 &:I. Ii" CD .
'" , ..
.. i:f :t: i:f i:f a
. a- " ::1
... IX!
I; !XI " "
!XI !XI
H' H' H . .
&. t- . 8, . .
'" . I:{ '" . , .
. . . .
'" . '" . '" . . . .
101 = III
. . . . . . .
. CU . 110 . . . .
. a . :0: . . .
,Q .. . 0 co . .
=: o . III 0
CU 101 . I! . III . . .. . . .. .
IX! CU CU j
t-;- .. . 0..... t'ii
.
;"0 ::a .
g ;..0 ?A . . . . Ie
III -::f Ie .,
....::f ,Q -:::r . . . . . =
.
,Q ,Q ,Q 11/ '"
e:>=: I;e:> Q=: e:>1; ,Q . 1:1, ::a
:!
CO> co>CU
:g I; e:> e:> e:> I: Q e:> I; e:> :z; c
=- -'" = e:> e:> e:> e:> e:> ; Q C
<'I g<'l ... ... 10 00 00 00
00 00 <0 ;:; 00
0 '" 0
ill
&: <U s:>.
0
=
...;
-i
10
o:!
!:
Ta6.cuqa 3.9 TeXllJl1lecKaft xapanepBCTIIBa Ba.11..
o., .woycRaeMldX BeROTOpl>l1llll
aapy6eacBI>I1IIII 4»aplfaIUI
h OICPYIKUaJI CICOPOCT& fi.
; raGapnTlIWe
i
1 { I:{<>O pa3MepbI. MM
BIIJIICa. 11/II1I1I cu=
.
:ri :GCQwtl: m
BaJibIlbl = cu . DepeJUIero I
PBICIntJl '"'0"'1 cu
rcu
*o I..
::fl;it CIS 101 t
* ri cu":': Ie s:>.
:a 31U1Rel'O 0IQ
OG m = !i
1:(" cu :S:c cu =.. a
...'" 10'" "'",s:>.1:{ I:{ ..
cI>Bplla ccI>peBcBc moyt (AsrJIBJI)
13x6' . 330 '152 5,5 1.2-1.6 1270 915
18x9- 457 228 14.7 2-2.4 2286 2210
24x10' 610 254 14,7 4.8-7.2 3505 1524
42x16' 1067 406 45 14-20 3353 1524
50x 20' 1270 508 59 22-32 4572 3150
60 x 22' 1524 559 92 36-60 5842 3200
72x24- 1829 610 110 60-96 6223 2540
84x26- P
B
: 2130 660 147 120-160 7315 2591
24 X 20'
PYIO
He pa
BBB: 610 508
36x 16'
PYIOllUfe 915 : 406
cI>Hplfa cA. BpH
)I(t (ABrJIIDI)
4,5x
228 114 6.09 9.12 1: 1.5 2.2 1473 736 1600
6X12- . 305 152 7,09 9.55 1: 1,34 5.5 1980 1525 1715
8X16- . . . . . . 406 203 9,12; 6.59 9,12 1 : 1; 1 : 384 9.2 2515 1930 1784
9X12- 6peKepBLle 305 228 9.75 15.85 1 : 1.65 18 2235 1702 1702
9X18' . 457 228 11.28 12.19 1: 1,08 ti,8 2286 1346 1702
16x36- . . . . . 915 406 12,64 15.725 1: 1,25 44.2 3708 2616 173Q
22 x 60' . . . . . 1524 559 25.56 27.29 1: 1,09 92 4724 3200 1758
26 x 84' . . . . . 2130 660 33.52 36,57 1: 1,09 147 5486 3450 1815
3a.o
cByaYJIYKt ('JCCP)
10336 Jla6opaTop-
lIItIe na'6op
rop: 400 150 11.64 11,64 1: 1 5.5 1 1100 1100 1460
10466
BLle na'6op
rop: 400 150 2,83-9.76 2,83....9.76 1:1-1:4 2x5* 1 1820 1500 1425
14201 .
BLle . . . . . . 400 200 5,29-21.18 5.29-21,18 1 : 1-1 : 4 2X2.5* 10 3140 1360 1560
10502 CM6CBTeJlb-
BLle . . . . . . 600 300 4,13; 18.41; 18.41 1: 1,28; 20 25 3000 1750 1500
23.50 1:1
14231 CMeCHTeJlb-
BLle . . . . . . 1000 400 19.04; 20.60 25.5 1: 1.33; 56 30 4500 2100 1700
1 : 1.21
14237 CMeCBTeJlb-
BLle R Do
orpe- 550 23.66 35,06 2000 1820
BaTeJlbBLle . . . 1500 1: 1.5 56 40 4200
10686 CMeCHTeJlb-
Bble B Do
orpe- 24.16 36,56 2450 1600
BaTeJlbHLIe . . . 1600 550 1: 1.6 63 50 5323
14240 CM6CBTeJlb-
HLle R DOAorpe-
600
BaTeJlbBble . . . 1500 600 21.61 28.26 1: 1.35 73 60 6800 1700
14287 CM6CRTeJlb-
BLle H DOAorpe- 650 27.2; 23.0 31.6 8700 3000 1770
BaTeJlbBble . . . 2100 1 : 1.16 110 80
10834 CM6CHTeJlb-
BLle R nOAorpe-
BaTeJlbBLle . . . 2000 710 25,83 29.70 1 : 1.15 110 80 7318 2675 1950
10076 pa4>uBUpyIO- 550 24,3 47,75 1: 2 60 30 4275 2255 1650
lIlue . . . . . . 750
10314 paSMOJIbBble 700 500 20.88; 8.19 40,82 1: 1,95; 65 30 4490 2095 2300
1 : 4,98
10820 APo6uJlbBLIe 800 560 32.9 50.69 1: 1,54 155 500** 6720 2200 1670
* BaJJl>qu BlleJOT ABa NeHTPOABBl'aTeJIJI DpBBOA3. .. ¥ICa3ua 1IpOII3BODTeJll>BOCTIt B HI'!"'.
110
3.2.5. KOHTponbHo-HsMepHTenbHble npM60pbl
,I(JIJ'I npaBBJIbBOro BeAeHIDI TeXBOJIO
eCROro npo
ecca BaJIb
AOJImBLI
()WTb OCBam.eBht ROBTpOJIBPYIOm;BMB, perBCTpBpYIOm;uMB B perYJIBpYIOJD.IDIB npB-
6opaMB. 3ro oc06eHHO BamHO AJIJ'I JIa60paTopBLIx BaJIb
OB BJIB BaJIb
OB, npeABas-
HaqeHHJ>IX )."(JIJ'I 8KCnepBMeBTaJII>BLlX pa60T. BaJIb
AOJImBLI 6L1Tb OCHam;eHW npB-
60paMB: )."(JIJ'I saMepa TeMnepaTypLl pa601Jeii: nOBepXBOCTB BaJIKOB; saMepa B perBCT-
pa
BB TeMnepaTYpw nO)."(BOABMoii: 11 OTBOABMoii BOAW; saMepa B yRaSaBBJ'I TeMnepa-
'TYPW nOAIDBnBBKOB BaJiROB, peAyRTopa B 8JIeRTpOABBraTeJIJ'I npHBoAa; saMepa B
YK8a8HHJ'I )."(aBJIeHBJ'I OXJIamAalOm;eii BOAW; SaMepa B YKasaHIDI oRPymBoii CRO-
pOCTB Ram)."(oro BaJIRa B 4Ipmc
BB B CJI
ae nJiaBBOrO BX perYJIBpOBaBBJ'I; nOCTOJ'IB-
Boro saMepa, YKa3aHBJ'I B perBCTp
H1I pacnopBoro yCBJIBJ'I; SaMepa B perBCTpa-
H1I BanpJ'ImeBBJ'I, CBJIW TOR a B MOJD.BOCm; onpe)."(eJIeBBJ'I BeJIII1J1IBI>1 sasopa y Ram-
,Aoro HamBMHoro BBHTa; ROBTpOJIJ'I sa npOAOJImBTeJIbBOCTblO OTAeJII>BWX onepa
Bii:
B Bcero
BKJIa 06pa60TRB MaTepBaJia.
Y COBpCMeOHWX BaJII>
OB ROBTPOJII>BO-BSMepHTeJII>BWe npB60pLl BWHOCJ'ITCJ'I
Ha CnenBaJIbBWii ny JIbT .
B JIa60paTopBWX BaJII>
aX saBoAa «MeTaJIJIBCT), nORaSaBBl>lX Ba pBC. 3.4,
npeAycMoTpeBO aBToMaT
cRoe 11 p
Boe BSMepeBBe, perYJI1IpOBaBBe B SanBCI>
TeMnepaTYpw nepe)."(Bero B 3aABerO BaJiROB, IIsMepeBBe B SaDCI> pacnopBWX yCB-
JIoii B JICBoii B npaBoii: onopax BaJIRa, a TaRme BSMepeBBe AaBJIeHIDI BOAW B napa;
Bce DpB60pw HaXO)."(J'ITCJ'I Ba oTAeJII>BOM JD.BTe KHll B aBToMaTmcB. YnpaBJIeBBe
8JIeKTpO)."(BBraTeJIJ'IMB npOBSBOAHTCJ'I C nYJII>Ta ynpaBJIeHHJ'I.
ABToMaT
ecKoe perYJIBpOBaBHe TeMnepaTypLl oC
eCTBJIJ'IeTCJ'I npB nOMo
TepMonap B 8JIeRTpOHBoro nOTeBI\BOMeTpa nYTeM OTRpWTBJ'I B saRpWTBJ'I RJIan8.HOB
Ha JIBHBJ'IX no)."(a1JB BOAw B napa. ,I(JIJ'I BSMepeBBJ'I B saDCB pacnopBwx YCBJIBi
CJIymaT CBJIOB3MepHTeJIbBLIe AaT1lJil1(B TeBsopeSBCTBBBoro TIlDa ,I(CTB-C-016, pac-
C1JHTaBBWe Ba yCBJIBe 40 RH, 11 8JIeRTpOBBLle aBTOMaT
eCRBe nOTeB
BOMeTpw.
3.3. BCnOMOrATEnbHOE 060PYAOBAHHE
Ami BAnb
OB
,I(JIJ'I oT60pa pesHBLI C JIBCTOBaJibBLIX BaJII>
OB, nHTaHBJ'I nOAorpeBaTeJIbBWX
BaJIbnOB B )."(pyrBx MamHB pesBBoii, OXJIamAeBBJ'I JIBCTOBOii: pesBBoBoii: CMeCB B
xpaHeHBJ'I ee Ha npoMemyr01JBLlX CKJI8JJ:aX npBMeBJ'IeTCJ'I paSJI
oe BcnOMOraTeJIb-
Hue o60PY)J;OB&HlIe. EMB JIBCTOBaDBaJ'I peSBBOBaJ'I CMeCI> nOCJIe BaJIb
OB Be no)."(a-
eTCJ'I cpasy B RaJIaB)."(pw BJIB 1JepBJI1IBLle MamHHW, a HanpaBJIJ'IeTCJ'I Ba npOMemYT01J-
HWn CKJIa)."(, ona )."(OJImBa 6WTI> OXJIaatAeBa B nORpWTa BSOJIJ'In;BOBBWM MaTepBaJIOM
RO Bs6emaHBe CJIBnaHBJ'I; AJIJ'I 8Toro npBMeBJ'IIOTCJ'I pasJDI1IBLIe OXJIaJJ:HTeJII>BWe
YCTpOHCTBa.
Y CTanOBKH AU OXJI8)KAeBRJI JlBCTOB pe3111U>1 OpB P)"DIOM cpeaamm npBMeBHIOTCJ'I
Ha Be60JIblliBX, cJIa60 MeX8.HBSBpOBaHBLlx npeAnpHJ'ITBJ'Ix. 06L11JBO 3TO BJIB nOBO-
pOTBOC cTepmHeBoe YCTpOii:CTBO (HaswBaeMoe «m
RoM»), BJIB RplO1JROBWii ROB-
Beiiep, oXJIam)J;aeJ\<1wii BOAOii, BJIB TpaBcnopTep, JIeBTa ROToporo ABHmeTCJ'I B BaBBe
c npOTOQROB BOAOii. BaJII>
OBm;mc cpesaeT Bp
BYIO JIBCT peaHBLI C BaJIb
OB B
BemaeT ero Ba cTepmeBb nOBopoTBoro YCTpoiicTBa, RplOR ROHBeii:epa BJIB RJIaAeT
aa JIeBTY TpaBcDopTepa. llocJIe oXJIamAeBM JIBCTW pesHBLI nORpWBaIOTCJ'I CJIOeM
RaOJTHHOBOii cycneHsHH BJIB pacTBopoM llAB (BO Bs6emaBHe BX CJIBnaBBJ'I), CHIl-
MalO'1'CJ'I B CRJIa)."(WBaIOTCJ'I Ba DJIaT4IopMw - CTeJIJIa)l(B.
Y CTaBOBKH
JIJI opHeMa B o
eBHJI JIeBTlal pe311111t1, DOCTYDalOm;eii nOCJIe
MeXaJm1leCROrO CpeSaHHJ'I ee C BaJII>
OB BJIB nOCJIe JIBCTYIOm;ero YCTpoii:cTBa 1JepBJI1I-
Boii MamBBLI, 6WBalOT
BYX THnOB - 4IeCToBBoro B JIeHT01JBOro.
Y CTaHOBRB AJIJ'I oT60pa B yRJIaAJ(B JIBCTOBOii: peSHBW C OXJI8AIITeJIeM 4IeCTOH-
111
Boro TBna YcDT Bl>mYCRaIOTCJ'I SaBoAoM «RYSIIOJIJDlepMam& B RysHe
e. TeXHB1Je-
CKaJ'I XapaRTepBCTBRa 3TBX YCTaBOBOR IIpBBOAHTCJ'I BBme: .
illupRBa CpesaeMoii. HeBTH, MM
n POIl3BOABTeJII>BOCTI>
YCT8BOBKU, Kr/'l .......
BeBTnJIHTOpa, H 3 /'1 . . . . . . .
pacxo.n; RaOJIBBOBOB cycueBssS, Rr/'1
06
aa MO
OCTI> 8neRTpOJI,BBraT9JIeii,
KBT ................ 70.1
Ha pBc.3.20 CXeMaTH1JeCRB nOKasaH oom;Hii BBA YCTaBOBKB YcDT, KOTOpaJ'I
COCTOBT B OCHOBBOM BS )."(BYX TpaBcnopTepoB 1 B 2 AJIJ'I..JIeBOfQ D. .l'!P.!\.BQfQ_Qmopa
!are_CB, YSJIa 3 )J;JIH CMa1JBBaHBJ'I pesBBoBoB CMeCB RaOJIBBOBOii cycneBsBeii, KaMepht
4 )."(JIH OXJIam)."(eHBH 4IecToHoB pesBHoBoii JIeBTW H BS MaJ'ITBHROBoro YKJIa)J;"'IHKa 6.
Y CTaBOBKa pa60TaeT CJIeAYIOm;BM 06pasoM. PeSBHOBaJ'I JIeBTa cpeSaeTCJ'I C BaJII>D;OB
MeXaHlI'IeCKHMB HomaMB BJIH nocTynaeT BS JIBCTyIOm;eii rOJIOBKB 1JepBJ'I1JHOii Ma-
liBHht, IIpOXO).UIT no TpaHcnopTepy oT60pa B nOBOpOTHhtM YCTpoiicTBOM Hanpa-
BJIJ'IeTCJ'I B BaHHY C KaOJIBHOBOH cycneBsBeii; saTeM saXBaTHhIM YCTpoiicTBOM B BB)."(e
JIeHT01JBOrO TpaBCnOpTepa no)."(aeTCH B 4lecToBo06paSOBaTeJIb. cDecToB nOJI
aeTCJ'I
B pesYJII>TaTe npllmaTBJ'I JIeHThI peSBHLI R lliTaHre ROHBeiiepa phI
arOM, ROTOphIii
npBBO)J;HTCJ'I B AeiicTBHe nHeBMaTH1JecKBM
JIBHAPOM. RaK TOJIbKO 06pasyeTcH
4IecToH, phI1Jar nO)J;HBMaeTC.J'I B IWHBeiiep nepe)."(BBBeTCJ'I Ba OAHH mar.
PeSBHOBaJ'I CMeCb, IIocTyIIBBmaH B l<aMepy 4, OXJIam)."(aeTCJ'I XOJIO)."(HhIM BOS-
)J;yXOM, nOAaBaeMhIM BeHTJIJIJ'ITOpOlt{ 5. PasMep OXJIa)."(BTeJIbBOii Ka:MephI paCC1JHTaB
Ba oAHoBpeMeHHoe Haxom)."(eBBe B Heii JIeBThI peSBHhI, nOJI
eHHOii BS TpeX-1JeThI-
pex 6e1Jeii pesBHoBoB CMeCB. OXJIamAeHBhIe 4IecToHhI nO)J;aIOTCJ'I K ySJIY yRJIaAKB
MaJ'ITBm<OBoro TIIna. JIeHTa paspeSaeTCJ'I aBTOMaTB1JeCI<HM HomeBhIM YCTPOBCTBOM
Ba OTAeJII>Bble JIHCTbJ BJIB Ba OTpeSKB saAaBBoii )J;JIHHhI, 1<0TOpWe yRJIa)J;"'IBROM CKJIa-
)."(WBaIOTCJ'I Ha nOJJ:JJ:OHhI, YCTaHOBJIeHRhte Ha Becax.
HeAOCTaTROM yCTaHOBKB YcDT J'IBJIJ'IeTCJ'I OTcyrcTBBe BOSMomBOCTB Sal\'aThIBaTb
6XJIam)."(eBBYIO pesHBY B 006BHhI )J;JIH nOCJIe)."(YIOm;eii nOAa1JB ee R 1JepDJ'I'IHLIM MamH-
HaM XOJIO)."(Boro nBTaBBJ'I. RpOMe Toro, YCTaHOBKa BMeeT OOJIl>mBe paSMephI B Be
Bcer)."(a MomeT OI>lTb BCnOJIbSOBaHa Ba )."(eiicTByrom;BX saBo)."(ax peSHHOBoii npOMhIm-
JIeBHOCTD. O)."(HaKO B 6JIBmaiimee BpeMJ'I BaMe1JaeTCJ'I YCTpaBBTL 8TB He)J;OCTaTRB.
. Ha pBe. 3.21 1I0RaSaHa 4IecTOBHaJ'I yCTaHoBRa )."(JIJ'I oToopa, OXJIam)."(eBHJ'I B
}'RJIa)J;RB peSDBbI, BhInycRaeMaH 4IBpMOii «DBpeJIJIB)} (HTaJIBJ'I); aBaJIOrH1JBhte yCTa-
BOBRB nOCTaBMIeT 4IBpMa «BepcToP4l4l» (cDpr). YCTaHoBRa COCTOBT BS CJIe),"(YIOm;BX
OCBOBBLIX YSJIOB: oToopa CMeCB B CMa1JBBaBBJ'I ee RaOJIHHOBOii cycneBsBeii, OXJIam-
)J;alOm;ero, YCTpoiicTBa 4JecToHBoro THDa, TpaBcnOpTepa B yRJIa)J;"'Im<a peSBBbl B BBAe
JIBCTOB, TpaBcnopTepa B SaKaT01JBOrO YCTpoiicTBa JIeBTLI peSHBht B 600HHI>1.
C BaJILD;OB cpesaeTCJ'I JIeHTa mBpHHoii 600 MM, ROTOpaJ'I 1I0cTynaeT Ra OT60po1J-
m.rii TpaHCIIopTep 1 mBpHHoii 800 MM. llpoiiAH OT6opo1Jm.rB TpaHcnopTep, JIeBTa
HailpaBJIJ'IeTCJ'I B BaBBY 2 C BO)."(HOii RaOJIJmOBOii cycneBsBeii. ,I(JIJ'I nepeMemBBaHBJ'I
cycneBsHH B BaHHe BMeIOTCJ'I )."(Be MemaJIKB C npBBO)."(OM OT 8JIeRTpo)."(BBraTeJIeii MOm;-
BOCTblO 0,74 RBT B
aCTOToii Bpam;eBBJ'I 1420 06/MHB. Hs BaBHhI JIeHTa nO)J;aeTCJ'I
K )."(BCROBOMy Bomy B paspeSaeTCJ'I B)."(OJIb Ba ABe nOJIOCW mBpllBoii no 300 MM. 3a-
TeM OBa noc-:rynaeT Ba ROHBeiiep 4IecToBHoii OXJIaJJ;BTeJII>BOii YCTaHOBRB. ROH-
Beiep npBBO)J;HTCJ'I B )."(BBmeBBe OT 8JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJ'I MOm;BOCTblO 4 RBT B 1JaCTOTOii
npam;eHBJ'I 1420 06/MHH 1Jepes BapBaTOp. tIacToTY Bpam;eHBJ'I nOCJIe)J;Hero MOiKHO
BSMeHJ'ITI> B npe)."(eJiax OT 8,6 AO 14,5 06/MHH. BapBaTop IIOSBOJIJ'IeT perYJIBpOBaTI>
JIBHeiiByIO eRopOCTb ROHBeiiepa OT 8,1 )."(0 38 M/MBH. B OXJIa,I(BTeJIbHylO KaMepy BOS-
)."(yx no)."(aeTCJ'I OCeBhIMII BeHTBJIHTOpaMB (MOm;BOCTI> 3JIeKTpOABJUaTeJIJ'I 0,75 KBT,
1JaCTOTa Bpam;eBBJ'I 1420 06/MHH).
Y CTaBOBKB BhInycKalOTCJ'I pasJIH1JBoii )."(JIBBhI C 1JempbMJ'I - ceM1>1O BeHTBJIJ'I-
TopaMB. nocJIe npoxom)J;eBBJI 1Jepes 4I
CTOBBYIO YCTaHoBRy JIeBTa BP
HYIO sanpa-
. 600
. . 2650
. 60 000
.25
ra6apDTBHe paSMepa, )()(
JJBBa . . . 23650
mspBBa . '. 9240
BHOOTa . . . 5112
Macca, T . . . . 18,885
1t2
f
I
III
i
:s
m
I
....
,j,j
1\
..
III
<.I
>III
o
i
..
11;
I .
.
!I
e
..
:24)
<.10
"15
I!&
as
=0
as 1:1
..
"d
as
:>t Ig.
m .....
..4)
o as
i@
t 0 I
e oo
till 0":
o :
!! g.;,;
!
III 1':102
50
III 8
o ..:c;
till
m
i I
III 00:S
o ..
t "c
;:
if o
III f
>e1
I
Ii 1;<0
\0 1':10.-
o
. Oil:
o efa
C'! III &:
i
II
c.. ......
DpB 1I0Aa1Je peSBHOBOii CMeCB B npOBSBOP;CTBO R 1JepBJ'I1JBLIM MamBHaM XOJIOP;-
HOrO IInaHBJ'I BJIB nOAorpeBaTeJII>BWM BaJII>D;aM B BBp;e BenpepWBHoii nOJIOCW, CJIO-
meBBoii Ba nOAAOHe, He06xoAHMO 3TY nOJIOcy paSpeSaTI> Ha ySRBe BenpephtBBht&
JIeBTW umpBBoii OT 45 AO 260 MM.
/.
./'
Pac. 3.23. Uepe,u;B1DKII81I YCTaBOBKa AJUI oT6opa, OXJIa)f(JJ:eUaR a SaKaTRB B pynoB JIeJITLI r93BBH
cpesaeMoi C Baun.n;OB:
1 - BaIDIa; 11 - KOMDeRCaTOP; & - DOJlJlepIKIIB8JO
PoJIlU(; 4 - JIeBTa peaBBY; 6 - )'KJI8JI'DIK peaBBY;'
II - IIoGBBa; 'I - JIeJI'YIITOP; 8 - BJIeKTPOABBraTeJIb; fI - KOJIeCO; 10 - )'DOp.
)];JIJ'I 8TOii D;eJIB npBMeHJ'IIOTCJ'I nBTaTeJIH paSJIMBOrO TBna. Ha pBC. 3.24 nOKa-
SaBht IIBTaTeJIB, BwnycKaeMwe cJIBpMOii «BepCTOPcJIcJI» ($pr). llBTaTeJII> COCTOBT
BS JIeBT01JBOrO 1I0AalOm;ero TpaBcnopTepa 3 B BamBMBOfO TpaBcnopTepa 4, Mem.ny
KOTOpWMB SanpaBJIHeTCJ'I nOJIoca peSBBW 11 B nOp;aeTCJ'I BMB R BomeBOMY YCTpoii-
CTBy 8, KOTopoe Ba
pesaeT nOJIOcy no lliBpBHe C ABYX CTOpOB B BBp;e BenpepwBHoii
sBfsaro06pasHoii JIeHTbI, RaR nORasaHO Ba pBC. 3.24, z. 3Ta JIeBTa no)."(aeTCJ'I Banpa-
BJIJ'IIO
BM pOJIBKO:M 9 B BOPOBKY 1JepB
BOn MamHBLI BJIB B sasop BaJII>D;oB. CRO-
pOCTI> no)."(alOm;ero YCTpoiicTBa aBTOMaTH1JeCKB perYJIBpyeTclI ROMneHcBpylOJD.BM
YCTpoiicTBOM c «nJIaBaIOm;BM» pOJIHROM 2.
Ha pBC. 3.24, 6 nORasaB nBTaTeJII> )."(JIJ'I
epBJ'I1JBLIX MamBH XOJIOABoro nnaBM
Be60JII>lliOii ltIOm;HOCm; B HeM nop;alOm;Be TpaBcnOpTepht saMeBeBLI pOJIl>raBrOM 12
B npOTJ'IfBBalOm;BMB pOJIBRaMB 13. llBTaTeJII> R BaJII>
aM pBC. 3.24, 6 MomeT'
CTOJ'ITI> OT)."(eJII>BO Ba cToiiKe 1 BJIB MOHTBpOBaTI>CJ'I Ba CT8.HBBe BaJII>D;OB.
CJIep;YeT OTMeTBTI>,
TO TBnOBM oTpa60TaBBaJ'I ROBCTpyR
J'I yCTaBoBRB AJIJI
oT60pa B OXJIa)l,)."(eBBJ'I peSBHW )."(0 BaCTOJ'Im;erO BpeMeHB Be cosAaBa. RpOMe Toro,
B CBJ'ISB co Bce 60JILlliBPII BHeApeBBeM B peSBBOBoe npOBSBO)."(CTBO
epB
BLIX Ma-
lliBH XOJIO)."(Boro nBTaHBJ'I, sarpYSKa KOTOpLIX npOBSBO)."(BTCJ'I peSDHOBOH JIeHTOii,
He06xoAHMO COS)J;aTI> 060pY)."(OBaUBe )."(JIJ'I paSpeSaBBJ'I CBBMaeMoro C BaJII>D;OB mBpO-
Roro nOJIOTHa Ba YSRBe JIeHTLI, 06ecne
HTI> BX OXJIam)."(eHBe, aaKaTJty B 606HHLI BJIB
RaTymRB )."(JIJ'I xpaHeHBJ'I Ba npOMe>KYT01JHOM CRJIap;e B nOp;a1JB R 1JepBR'IHhtM MamB-
BaM. Cos)."(aBBeM TaKBX YCTaHOBOK saHHMaIOTCJ'I OTe
eCTBeHHLIe aaBO)J;W B BBCTB-
TYTLI. DpB IIOTO
HOM npOBSBo)."(cTBe (npJ'IMWX nOTORax) JIeHTa peSBBht, cpeSaeMag
C BaJII>D;OB, BanpaBJIJ'IeTCJ'I )."(JIJ'I IIBTaBHJ'I KaJIaHAPOB B
epBB"IHWX MalliBB no CBC-
TeMe JIeHTO
HLIX TpaBcnopTepOB 6es )J;onOJIBBTeJILBOrO OXJIamAeBBJ'I B COOTBeT-
CTByIOm;eM YCTpoiicTBe.
8.
tiS-
..'\
': ;.V;
:. ...:.: :::;. i::.::.'.:...i.:....:
r:.
.:;.. .:.
.::- :;.':
a
2570
f,:,
7
1185
1
1
9
11
I
I
I
I
10 I
___ \ J
-:
=
=;T
:.:::.;.:....!."::.,:::. {:' ..:;:
::
.. :.:;:.:: :.:.::": :.--:..:':.-;.::.;!
:':.1
'.:
..;
)'.:'
:; 1
o
..-.:......
c::::.
10
_____ - __'J_
-----------"1-!J
__________
I
'.;: .'.::.. .
:.....l.:
..;..:. .'.!
;:.;:......
Pac. 3.24. nUTaTeJId BeupepHBfloro .n;eiicTBBJI 4!upMH cBepcTopl)cIit (0pr) IJIII n0Ia'1d pesDBH
B qepBJl'lBLIe MamOH XOJIOABoro nBTaBBJI d no.n;orpeBaTeJIbBLIe Banb
:
a - URTaTeJIb JIM qepBR'IHYX lIamaH I!onbDIBX paaMepoB; 6 - TO me JIM M8.IDIIJI 8e
JIbDIBX paaMepOB; . -
DBTaTeJIb R Bam.It8M; 8 - cXeJla paape31U1H11 DOJIOCY pealUlH B neupepYB&yIO aBl'8arGoGpa8&y1O JIeDTY;
1 - croARa; 2 - «DJIaB8JOlItB8" POJIBR; 8 - DOJl8lO11tB8 TPasCDOpTeP; 4 - BIUKIDIIIOA TPaJlCDOPTeP; 6 - aJIel<-
TPGABBraTeJIb DpDBOAa TPaJlCDOpTepa; II - peJtYKTOP; 1 - aJIellTPOABUraTeJIb DomeBoro ycTp08CTBa; 8 - Dome-
Boe ycTpOICTBO; 9 - BaDpallJIlU01QB8 pOJIBK; 10 - DOMOS; 11 - DOJIOCa peaBBY; 11 - pOJIbrasr; 13 - UPG-
t'lIrHB8JOIltBC. POJIHICII; 14.- B8JIKB B8JIbItOB. I
r nASA 4
PE3HHOCMECHTEnH
4.1. HA3HA4EHHE H KnACCHQJHKALJ.I1f1
B BaCTOJ'Im;ee BpeMJ'I peaBHocMeCHTeJIH J'IBJIJ'IIOTCJ'I OCBOBHLIM BH)."(OM 060PYAO-
'BaHHJ'I, npHMeBJ'IeMWM P;JIJ'I IIpBrOTOBJIeHBJ'I pesBHoBhIx cMeceii B nJIaCTBRa
B
HaTypaJIbBOrO KaytlyRa. PeSHHOCMeCBTeJII> IIpe)J;cTaBJIJ'IeT c060i saRpHTYJO R8Mepy
C Bpa
alOJD.HMHCJ'I HaBCTpe1JY APyr )."(pyry BaJiRaMH C
HryPBYM UpO
HJIeM HJIB
MamHHY '1epBJ'I1JBOro Tea, B sarpys01JBYIO BOPOBKY ROTOpoii nOAaIOTCJ'I B Oupe-
)J;eJIeHHOH nOCJIeAOBaTeJII>BOCTB Bce ROMnOBeHThI peSHHOBOB CMeCH.
npeHMym;eCTBaMH peSBHOCMeCBTeJIeii no cpaBBeBHIO C BaJII>
aMH J'IBJIJ'IIOTCJ'I:
repMeTHS
J'I pa601Jero npon;ecca (B peSYJIbTaTe 1Jero Be upOCLlDalOTCJ'I CLln
Be
ROMnOBeBTW B OTCyTCTByeT IIYJIeBLIAeJIeBHe), 60JIee 6JIarOUpBJ'ITBLle yCJIOBBJ'I nepe-
MemBBaBHJ'I MaTepHaJIa, BHCORaJ'I npOBSBOp;HTeJII>HOCTb, SBa1JHTeJII>BOe CORpam.eBHe
npo)J;OJImHTeJII>BOCTB upo
ecca CMemeBBJ'I, 6esouaCBOCTb pa60TLI. KpOMe Toro,
peaBBOCMeCBTeJIH JIerKO arperHpYIOTCJ'I C MaDIBBaMH AJIJ'I UOCJIeAYIOm;eii 06pa60TKH
CMecu; npOTeKalOm;D B BHX upo
ecc nOAAaeTCJ'I aBTOMaTBS
. OABaRO peaHHO-
CMeCBTeJIH pa60TalOT npH 60JIee BLICORHX TeMnepaTypax
1JeM BaJII>
. ECJIH TeM-
nepaTypa CMeCB, 06pa6aThtBaeMOii Ba Bam.n;ax, BaXOJJ:BTCJ'I B UpeAeJiaX 80-100 °C,
TO B peSHBOCMeCHTeJIe OBa MOmeT AOCTBraTb 140 °C; 06
0 TeMnepaTypa CMeCH
Ha BLIXOAe HS peSBBOCMeCBTeJIJ'I paBBa 100-120 °C. 3TO 06'bJ'ICBJ'IeTCJ'I TPYABOCTI>IO
OTBOAa TeIIJIa HS saRpwToii RaMephI MamHBLI. ll08TOMY pacxoA BOp;H AJIJ'I OXJIamp;e-
HBJ'I peaHHOCMeCHTeJIJ'I 60JIbme, 1JeM AJIJ'I OXJIamp;eBHJ'I BaJII>n;OB.
KJIaCCHcI»HKa
JI. PaSJIlI'lalOT pe3HHOCMeCBTeJIH nepHOAlI'leCKOrO H BeupephIB-
Boro )."(eiicTBHH. R peaHHocMeCHTeJIJ'IM nepHop;H
eCRoro AeiicTBBJ'I OTBOCJ'ITCJ'I Ma-
mBBLI, y KOTOphtX sarpYSKa ROMnOBeBTOB H BwrpysKa rOTOBoii CMeCH npoBcxoP;HT
DepBO)J;H
eCKH. PesBHocMeCHTeJIJ'IMH BenpephIBBoro p;eiiCTBHJ'I BaSWBalOT MamBBW,
y KOTOphIX sarpYSKa MaTepHaJia B BhIrpYSRa rOToBoB CMeCB npOHCXOp;J'IT Benpe-
pWBBO.
PesBHocMeCHTeJIH uepHO)."(lI'leCKOrO )."(eiicTBHJ'I OTJIH'IaIOTCJ'I p;pyr OT )."(Pyra paa-
MepaMH H 06'1>9MOM O)."(HOBpeMeHHO sarpymaeMoro MaTepBaJIa,
opMoii pa60
eii
'1aCTH pOTOpOB, 1JaCTOTOii HX Bpa
eHDJ'I, MOm;HOCTblO npHBO)J;a B AaBJIeBHeM B8 06pa-
6aTLIBaeMhIii MaTepHaJi B KaMepe CMemeBHJ'I.
B aaBHCBMOCTB OT cnoc06a OXJIam)."(eHHJ'I Bce pesHBOCMeCHTeJIH pas)J;eJIJ'IIOT Ha
p;Be rpynilLI. R nepBoii rpyune OTHOCJ'IT MamHBLI C OTKphtThIM OXJIamp;eBHeM CMeCH-
TeJIbHOii RaMephI, RO BTopoii - C aaKphIThIM OXJIamAeBBeM.
npeAcTaBHTeJIeM nepBoii rpynIIY MamBB J'IBJIJ'IeTCJ'I mBpORO UpBMeHJ'IeMWii
peSHHOCMeCBTeJII> Tea «BeB6epH», YCTpoiicTBO KOToporo OUHcaBO BHme. Kopnyc
c
eCBTeJIbBOii RaMepw aToro peSHBOCMeCBTeJIJI OXJIam)J;aeTCJ'I C BapymBoii CTOpOBhI
Bo)."(oii, pas6pLlsrHBaeMoii BS
OpCyBOR.
B CMeCHTeJIJ'IX C saRpLlTWM OXJIamAeBHeM Bo)."(a no)."(aeTCJ'I B py6amKY CMeCD-
TeJIbBOii RaMephI nOA AaBJIeBHeM 0,3-1 Mlla. K 8TOii rpynne MamBH npHB8)J;JIemaT
peaHHOCMeCHTeJIH, BhInycRaeMhIe OTe1JeCTBeBHhIMH SaBOp;aMH H sapy6emBLlMH
Bp-
MaMH «BepHep - D
JIJ'Iii)."(epep» «(J>pr) H «(J>peBcBc moy» (ABrJIHl!:) - CMeCHTeJIH
. THna «HBTepMBKc».
117
B SaBHCBMOCTH OT .pOpMW nOlIepe1JBOrO Ce1JeBBJ'I POTOPOB (.pBrYPBLIX aJIKOB
pa601Jeii RaMepW) BCe peSBHOCMeCHTeJIH paSAeJIJ'IIOT Ba TPH rpynnw: C OBaJll>IILIKB,
TpeXrpaBBWMH H JIBH)J;pH1JeCKBMH BaJIKaMB.
PeSBHOCMeCHTeJIH C pOTOpaMH OBaJII>BOB .poPMW, HMeIO BMH ABa HJIH "IeTLIpe
KpWJIa, BwnYCRaIOTCJ'I OTe1JeCTBeBBoii npOMWmJIeBBOCTl>1O H MBOrJDIH 8apy6em-
HWMH .pHpMaMH. CMeCHTeJIH C pOTopaMH TpexrpaBHoii .popMW npOHSBOAHT, BanpH-
Mep, .pBpMa «BepBep - n.pJIJ'IiiAepep» (<Dpr) , C JIHBAPH1JeCKHMH pOTopaMH -
.pHpMa «<DpeBcHc illoy» (TBna «HBTepMHRC»).
4.2. YCTPOACTBO PE3HHOCMECHTEnEA
MaTepHaJI, sarpymaeMwii B pesDHocMeCHTeJII>, nocTynaeT B cMeCHTeJII>BYIO
KaMepy 1Jepes ORBO B BepxHeii ee nOJIOBBHe, nepeRpLIBaeMoe rpysoM Bepxuero
saTBopa. no)."( )."(eiicTBHeM Bos)."(ymHoro JIBH)."(pa rpys 1Jepes nOpmeBI> B DITOK BamH-
MaeT Ha 06pa6aTwBaeMYlO CMeCb C )J;aBJIeHHeM 0,6-0,8 Mna. ,I(JIJ'I y)."(aJIeBHJ'I nWJIH,
4
d
tJ
PRC. 4.t. CxeMa ()6pa6oTKB MaTepBaJIa B peaSROCMeCRTene:
a - CMecB'IeJIb C POTOpaJIIJ OBIUJbBOI 4/!OpMIII; II - CMecB'IeJIb C poTOpaMR IUlJlBBJlPJI1I€CKoll[lopMIII (TBlla «HHTep-
MllRC»);
1 - poTOpY; I - CTeBJ(a CMecB'leJlbB08 KaMepY; 8 - rpya Bepuero aaTBopa; 4 - H1DfIBBI aaTBOp; 6 - 80Ra
oGpalloTKB lIaTepBana; ,I, 1 - aaJIBIIR B DepeJIBIIII DonOBBRY RopDyca K8IIepy.
KOTOpM MO)l(eT 06paSOBaTI>CJ'I BO BpeMJ'I SarpYSRH MaTepBaJIa, BaA sarpYS01JBOB
BOpOHROii YCT8.BOBJIeH SOHT, nO)J;KJIIO'IaeMWii R CHCTeMe BWT1I$BOii BeBTHJIJ'II\IDI.
BHYTPH CMeCBTeJII>BOii KaMepw HMeIOTCJ'I ABa pOTopa, pacnOJIOmeBBLIe B ropHSOH-
TaJII>BOii nnOcRocTH H Bpam;alOm;HeCJ'I BaBCTpe1JY APyr )."(pyry. BJIaro)."(ap1l .pBryp-
Boii BHBTo06paSHoii .popMe pOTOpOB 06pa60TKa H nepeMeDJDBaBHe CMeCH npOHC-
XOAJIT O eBI> HHTeHCHBBO, CMeCI> nO)J;BepraeTCJ'I BenpepLIBBO MeBJ'IIOm;HMC1I YCHJIHJ'IM
C)J;BHra H cpesa. BBYTPH pOTOpW BMelOT nOJIOCTH )."(JIJ'I oXJIaIRAeBBJ'I Bo)."(oii. POTOpbl
Bpam;aIOTCJ'I B nOAIDHnHHKax, pacnOJIOmeBHLIX B npHJIHBaX 60ROBBH CMeCHTeJII>BOii
RaMepw H sam;Hm;eBBwx OT nOnQAaBBJ'I B BHX MaTepHaJia H camH HS R8Mepw cne-
aJII>BI>IMH ynJIOTBHTeJII>HWMH YCTpoiicTBaMH pasJI Boii ROBCTPYKI(HH.
06pa60TKa peSHHOBoii CMeCH B pesBBOCMeCHTeJIe npOHcxO)."(BT B OCBOBBOM no
)J;BYM cxeMaM: Mem)."(y pOTopaMH H cTeHRoii KaMepw (pHC. 4.1, a) HJIH MemAY pOTO-
paMH (pBC. 4.1, 6).
HBTeBcHBBoCTI> npoI(ecca CMeDleBBJ'I saBHCHT OT )."(aBJIeHHJ'I BepxBero saTBopa
Ba 06pa6aTwBaeMwii MaTepHaJI: C nOBwmeBHeM )."(aBJIeBHJ'I OT 0,1 AO 0,6 MDa npo-
)."(OJImBTeJII>HOCTI> 06pa60TKH CMeCH CBHmaeTCJ'I C to )."(0 2 MBH, T. e. B 5 pas. llo-
8TOMY y COBpeMeBBWX pesHBocMeCHTeJIeii )J;aBJIeHHe BepXBero saTBopa Ba 06pa6a-
TWBaeMwii MaTepHaJI AOCTHraeT 0,6-0,8 Mlla. llpOAOJImHTeJII>BOCTI> 06pa60TRH
MaTepHaJIa B peSHBOCMeCmeJIe MomeT 6WTI> COKpam;eBa TaKme nYTeM YBeJIH1JeHH1t
1JaCTOTW Bpam;eBHJ'I pOTOpOB, TaR RaK IIPH aTOM BospaCTaeT 1JaCTOTa Ae.popMHpo-
BaBHJ'I CMeCH. n08TOMY 'IaCTOTa Bpam;eHBJ'I pOTOpOB y BBOBIt BwnYCRaeMWX MamRH
tiS
aenpephIBBO DOBhImaeTCH. HeROTOphte 4IBpMLI nOCTaBJIRIOT peSBHOCMeCBTemi, Y KO-
TOphIX 1JaCTOTa Bpam;ellIDl pOTOpOB AOCTBraeT 80 B )."(ame tOO 06/MBB. OABaRO C YBe-
JIJI1IeHBeM 1JaCTOTLI Bpam.eBBJ'I pOTOpOB 1I0BLImaeTCJ'I TeMlIepaTypa CMeCB B BOS-
paCTaeT pacxo OXJIam alOm;eii BOJJ:Ll.
TeOpBJ'I CMelDeBDH KayqyRa C BBrpe)J;BeHTaMB B peSBHOCMeCBTeJIJ'IX paspa60-
TaB a nORa BeAOCTaT01JBO, 1I03TOMY MBorne BOnpOCht, BOSBBRalOm;Be npB npOeRTHpO-
BaBBB arnx MamHB, npnxOAHTCJ'I pemaTI> 3KCDepUMeBTaJII>BO, npUMeBBTeJII>BO
R Ram)J;oMY 1JaCTBOMY C aIO. HSBeCTBO, TO CMemeBBe ()J;BClIeprBpOBaBBe HHrpe-
BeBTOB B Ra yRe) npOTeRaeT xopomo, eCJIB CMeCI> npBJIBnaeT R CTeBKaM RaMepLI
B R rpe6BJ'IM pOTOpOB, T. e. MaTepBaJi BCIIMTLlBaeT )w4l0pMan;BH C)J;BBra. 3TO BMeeT
MeCTO npB 06pa60TKe MJ'IrKBX Ra yRoB, Ror)J;a HanpJ'ImeBBJ'I C)."(BBra BeBeJIBKB,
CMeCI> BOpMaJII>BO Te1JeT Mem.ny CTeBRoii RaMephI B rpe6HHMB pOTopa B HHrpeABeBTLI
JIerRO BTBpaIOTCJ'I B Ra yR. B AaHBOl\f CJI ae )J;JIJ'I 06eCne1JeHBJ'I xopomero CMeme-
BBJ'I Tpe6yeTCJ'I Be60JII>moe AaBJIeHBe BepXBero saTBopa Ba CMeCI>.
)J;pyrM KapTBHa Ba6JIIO)."(aeTCJ'I npu 06pa60TRe meCTRoro Ka yRa, 06JIa)."(a-
'lOm;ero BhtCOROii aJIaCT HOCTI>IO. TaRoii Ra yR Be npBJIHDaeT K CTeHRaM RaMephI
B MomeT npOCKaJII>SLIBaTI> B saaope McmAY CTeBKOH KaMepLI B pOTOpOM, He BCIILITLI-
BaJ'I e.popMaJUIii C BBra, BcneAcTBBe 1Jero 06pa6aTLIBaeMLIe MaTepBaJihI Be 6Y)."(YT
BOBce nepeMemBBaTI>CJI UJIB CMemeBBe 6y eT npOBCXOAHTI> Me JIeBHO B nJIOxo.
BOT noqeMY )J;JIJ'I HHTeBCB4IBKan;BB CMemeBBJ'I MJ'IrKBX MaTepBaJIeB peRoMeB yeTCJ'I
.YBeJI BBaTI> CROpOCTI> BPam.eBBJ'I pOTOpOB, a meCTRBX MaTepBaJIOB - nOBLImaTI>
)J;aBJIeHBe BepxBero saTBopa B TaRBM 06paSOM YMeBl>lDaTI> npOCRaJII>ShIBaBBe CMeCB.
B 060BX CJI aHX BospacTaeT lIoTpe6JIJ'IeMaH aBeprBJ'I B nOBhImaeTCJ'I TeMlIepaTypa
06pa6aThIBaeMoii cMecB, BO YBeJIIJ1IBBaeTCJ'I npoBsBOABTeJII>BOCTI> peSBHocMeCBTeJIJ'I.
4.3. PE3HHOCMECHTEnH nEPHOAH4ECKOrO AEt'lCTBHfI
R pesBHOCMeCBTeJIJ'IM nepBoA ecRoro )J;eiicTBBJ'I OTBOCJ'ITCH MamHHhI C pOTO-
paMB OBaJII>BOii, TpeXrpaBBOii B JIHHAP eCRoii 4IOPMht. RpaTRoe onBcaBBe
STBX pesBBOCMeCBTeJIeii )J;aeTCJ'I BBme.
4.3.1. PesHHooMecMTenM C pOTopaMH
osanbHoA 4JOPMbI
PeSHHOCMeCBTeJIB C pOTopaMB OBaJII>BOii 4IOPMhI, BaSLIBaeMhIe CMeCBTeJIJ'IMB
TBna «BeB6epB» (110 4IaMBJIBB Bs06peTaTeJIJ'I MamBHLI), nOJI BJIB BaB60JII>mee
pacnpOCTpaHeBBe B pesBHoBoii npOMLImJIeHBocrn. Y cTpoiicTBO TaRoro peSBHO-
CMeCBTeJIJ'I nOKasaBO Ba pBC. 4.2. Ha MaCCBBHOM OCBOBaHBH 10 YCTaBOBJIeBa CMe-
CBTeJII>BaJ'I RaMepa 6, COCTOJ'Im;aH BS )."(BYX nOJIOBBB Ropnyca, 06pasYIOID;Hx npo-
)."(OJII>HyIO ee 1JaCTI>, B )J;BYX 60KOBBB, saMLIKalOID;BX KaMepy C TOpn;OB. B KaMepe
pacnOJIOmeHLI ABa pOTopa 7 OBaJII>HOii 4IOPMhI, YCTaHOBJIeBBLle Ba no)."(mUDHBKax
Ka eBBJ'I, Ropnyca ROTOpLIX SaKpenJIeHht B 60KoBBHax. (B CTapLIX MamHHax 06hI BO
npBMeBJ'IJIBCI> nOAIDBDBBRB CKOJIl>meHUJ'I.)
B BBmBeU 1JaCTB CMeCBTeJII>BaJ'I RaMepa BMeeT ORBO )J;JIJ'I BhIrpYSKU rOTOBoii
CMeCB, nepeRpl>IBaeMOe BumBUM saTBopOM. Ha pBCYBKe nOKasaB peSBBOCMeCBTeJII>
C BBmHBM SaTBOpOM 8 CKOJII>SJ'Im;ero TUDa, npBBOABMLIM B )J;eiiCTBBe npB IIOMOID;B
lIepeMem;alOm;erOCJ'I BOSAYDIBoro JIHB)."(pa 9. B HaCTOHm;ee BpeMJ'I OTe1JeCTBeBBhIe
saBO)."(LI B sapy6emBLIe 4IBpMLI BhIIIYCRalOT peSHBOCMeCBTeJIB C BBmHBMH SaTBOpaMB
OTKII,lUIOrO THDa, KOTophIe npBBO)J;HTCJ'I B )J;eiicTBBe OT ru)."(ponpBBo)."(a. TaKoii saTBOp
pa60TaeT 60JIee 1JeTRO, npB aTOM CORpam;aeTCJ'I BpeMJ'I, He06xOWIMoe )."(JIJ'I BLIrpysKB
CMeCB.
B BepXBeii 1JaCTB CMeCBTeJII>BOii KaMepLl BMeeTCJ'I OKBO AJIJ'I sarpysKH MaTe-
pBaJia 1Jepes sarpYS01JHYIO BOPOBRY 4. Bo BpeMJI pa60ThI CMeCBTeJIJ'I sarpyso Hoe
ORBO lIepeRphIBaeTCJ'I rpysoM 3 BepXBero saTBopa, ROTOphIii ODYCKaeTCJ'I B nO)J;HU-
MaeTCJ'I no)."( eiicTBBeM nOpmBJ'I Bos ymBoro JIDB)."(pa 1.
119
/1
/
IZ.
.9
'0
PRC. 4.2. CxeMa peaHBocMeCBTeJIJI 250-40:
1 - B03J1ymHLIA I(BJIDII.IIP; 2 - Romyx AJII! npHcO€jJ;HHellRlI K BeHTHJIJ[UI'IOBHOA ""CTeMe 1\exa; 3 - rpY3 Bepx-
Hero saT80pa; 4 - sarpyaOqBaR BOpOHJIa; 5 - OTBepCTHC AJlII YCTaHOBRH HlI)f(eKTOpa, DOjJ;aIOU{ero M1II"IRTeJIH;
II - CM€CBTeJIbHall Ralllepa; 1 - poTOpIIl; 8 - HHmRBR aaTBOp CKOJIbSlIlRero THUa; ,- D03AymHblit I{IIJll'lnnp
IUl)f(Hero 3aTBOpa; 10 - OCHOBaHHe CllleCRTCJIII; 11 - OOKOBHna CMOORTeJIbDOIT KaMepy: 12 - ROIHYX.
I
I
i B Kopnyce CMeCBTeJIH BMelOTCH OTBepCTHJ'I 5 ,n;JIH BBo,n;a MHftlBTeJIeD B KaMepy
cL elUenBJ'I. CTeHRB cMeCBTeJILHOii KaMepLl 11 C BHemHeii CTOpOHItI OXJIamAalOTCH
o,n;oii BS cfIopcYHoK, aaKpLtTLIX cBapymH KomyxaMB 12. B pH,n;e KOBcTpyt( D
C:MeCBTeJILHaH KaMepa BMeeT BBYTpeBBBe KaBaJILI ,n;mt OXJIam,n;eHBH. B cTapLIx
OHCTPYK BJ'IX pe3BHocMeCBTeJIeii Ba meDRax pOTOpOB 6LIJIB nocameHItI npBBO,JJ;BL1e
Ii, <ppHK BoHHbIe mecTepBH, KOTopue nepe,n;aBaJiB Bpam;eHBe pOTopaM OT 8J1eKTpO-
BuraTeJIJ'I epe3 pe,n;YKTop. B HOBLIX KOHCTpyK BJ'IX MamHB Bce mecTepHB c06pallH
6.lJOl -peAYI\TOpe, BMelO el\i ,n;Ba BI>IXO,n;HbIX BaJIa, coe)J;HHeBHLIX C pOTopaMB map-
{BpHbIMn MYQJTaMH. B MeCTax npoxo)J;a meeK pOTOpOB epes GOKOBBHLI KaMepLI
!
\
I
I
10
11
PBC. 4.3. PeaBBOCMeCBTeJlb 4IBpMH
cBepBep - nclJJI epep.. C OB8JIbHhlMB
pOTopaMU:
1 - IIBIKBIIII qaCTb 1<0pDyca; 2 - CMeDHall
py6aml<a CMeCBTeJlbBoit 1<8I\ICpY; 8 - Bepx-
HIIII UCTb 1<0pDyca; 4 - DOJIOCTB JIM ox-
JlaIKlIeBHII rpyaa; 6 - rpya Bepxaero aa-
Tliopa; 6 - ABepQa aarpY30'IB08 8OpoBKH;
7 - 3arpyaoqllall BopoBl<a; 8 - IDTOK Bepx-
Bero 3aTBopa; 9 - DopmeBb; 10 - B03J1ym-
lIIoIit QBJIBIIJIP; 11 - BeIlTBMTOP: 12 - rop-
.;rOBRlla; 18 - poTOpy; 14 - DOJIOCTb JlJIII
OXJI8IKAeRIfIl JIO'IOpa; 16 - l<aBaJIY JIM ox-
JlalK,D;eBHII B CTeBIC8X pyllaml<B; 16 - OTI<HJI-
Hall ABepQa IImRBerO 3aTBOpa; 17 - I<mtHO-
BOa 3aTBOp; 18 - rBlI.pOQl1JJBBAP; 19 - OCb
110BopOTa ABepl(U IImRBero 88TBOpa.
CMemeBBH YCTaBOBJIeHLI ynJIOTHHIO Be ,YCTpOnCTBa, npenaTCTBYIOm;Be BLI6BBaHBIO
DS KaMepbI CaiKH B BLIa{J!MaHHIO Hapymy peSBHOBOH CMeCB.
OCHOBHLIe napaMeTpl>1 B paSMepLI peSBHOCMeCBTeJIeii, BSrOTaBJIBBaeMLIX OTe-
1JeCTBeHHbIMB aaBOAaMB, perJIaMeHTBpOBaHLI fOCT 11996-71. CorJIaCBO 8TOMY
fOCT pa3Mep peSBHOCMeCmeJIH xapaKTepBsyeTcH 06'beMOM CMeCBTeJILBOii KaMepLI
(B )J;M 3 ) B MaKCH1>iaJILHOii aCTOToii Bpam;eHBJ'I sa)J;Hero pOTopa (B 06/MmI). (POTOp
H3SI>IBaeTCH «Sap,HHM» no OTHomeHBlO K sarpYSO Hoii: BOpOBl<e; mIor)J;a STOT pOTOp
HaSLIBalOT <<JIeBhIM», eCJIB CMOTpeTL C Top a MamBHLI co CTOpOBbI no,n;Bo,n;a OXJIam-
)J;alOm;eii BO)J;M.) 3TB nOKaSaTeJIB BKJIIO'laIOTCH B YCJIOBBOe 0608HatJeBBe MamHl1L1.
HanpBMep, YCJIOBHOe 060SBatJeBBe peSBHOCMeC1lTeJIH 250-40 yt(aSLIBaeT Ha TO, tJTO
CB060,n;HLIii 06'LeM CMeCifTeJILHOH KaMeplil COCTaBJIHeT 250 AM 3 , MaKCBMaJILHaH a-
CTOTa Bpam;eBHH sa)J;Bero pOTopa - 40 o6/1,IHH. lIo)J; cBo60)J;BLlM 06'LeMOM nOHHMaeTCa
eMI\OCTI> CMeCBTeJILHOii KaMepLI sa BlrltJeTOM 06'LeMa, saHBMaeMoro pOTopaMH. llOJl-
Hoe 060SBa eHBe peSBUOCMeCHTeJIH no fOCT if 996-7 1 3anBCLIBaeTCH cJIe)J;YIOII\BM
121
ROBCTPYK
HH MamHBLI 06eCnetJHBaeT JIerKylO paS60pKY ee npH KanUTaJII>BOM
peMOBTe.
YKasaBBLIe MamHHLI HBJIHIOTCH pe3H110CMeCBTeJIJ'IMB BBSKoro ,n;aBJIeBHH.
Q6pa60TKa CMeCH npOHCXOABT B HHX npH nOBHmeBBoii tJaCTOTe Bpam;eHHH, C yMeBI>-
meBBLIM BLI)J;eJIeBHeM TenJIa, MeBl>lUHM paCXOAOM OXJIam,n;alOm;eii BOALI.
9____
10
12
PBC. 4.4. PeaDBOCUeCBTeJIL 4!BpMH cBep-
Hep - n4iJJH
epep. C TpexrplUOlloDlB
poropaMU:
1 - CTa8Jfaa: fl - OTKIIJIB8R ABepQa; 8 - 1'11-
APIUIJUI'I€CKRIt lUIJIHIIJIP; 4 - rpya Bep:mero
aATBOpa; $ - ropJlOBBBa; 6 - IDTOK; 'I - .BK-
cAroPi 8 - DopmeHb; 9 - Boa,q}'lllllld QJIJJJIIIAP;
10 - aarpyaoqaall BOpOBKa; 11 - JlBepQa aa-
rpyaoqBoii BOPOHKH; 13 - poropY; 18-
DOJIOCTb AJIII oxnamAeHBJi pOTOpa; 14 - HIDf(-
13 HIIR CTeHKa CMecDTeJIbROIt K8Mepy.
"
1'1
4.3.3
PeSHHOCMeCHTenH C pOTOpaMH
qHnHHAPH
eCKO
OpMY
KaK yme YRaSLlBaJIOCI>, peSHHOCMeCHTeJIH C pOTOpaMH
HJIHH,n;pH1JeCKOii «fIOPMI>I
TBna «IIBTepMHKC» BLInYCKaeT «fIHpMa «<DpeBcHc IIIoy» (ABrJIHJ'I). OCHOBIUW OTJIB-
HeM peSHHOCMeCHTeJIeii dIHTepMHKC» OT ,n;pyrHx SaKpLITI>IX CMeCHTeJIeii HBJIHeTCH
4>opMa 1'1 KOBCTPYKD;HH pOTOpOB.
3TH pOTOpl>I BMelOT
BJIBH,n;p
eCKYIO nOBepXBOCTI> C OABBM 60JII>mBM BHHTO-
SLIM Bl>IcTynoM H )J;ByMH BHIlTOBLIMB BI>ICTynaMH MeBl>merO paSMepa. 06pa60TKa
MaTepnaJIa npOHCXO)J;BT B sasope MemAY pOTopaMH, a Be Mem,n;y pOTOpaMH B CTeB-
Koii cMeCHTeJII>HOii KaMepLI (CM. pHC. 4.1), n09TOMY H H3BOC CTeBI<B O
eBl>
aeSHa1JHTeJIeB. BHHToBLle BI>ICTYDLI o,n;Boro pOTopa BXO,n;HT BO BnaAHJll>l APyroro
pOTopa C 3asopOM OKOJIO 3 MM, cos,n;aeTCH paSJIHtJHe B OKPYmBLIX CKOpOCTHX Ba
nOBepXHOCTH Bna)J;HB B BLlcTynoB aBaJIOr
HO «fIPHK
H Ba BaJII>D;ax. KpoMe Toro,
BHIITOBl>Ie Bl>IcTynl>I nepeMen(aroT CMeCI>' B npo,n;OJII>BOM BanpaBJIeBHH, 6J1aro,n;apa
tJeMy AOCTHraeTCH xopomee nepeMemHB8.HBe.
POTOpLI COCTOJ'IT HS ,n;BYX tJacTeii - «fIHrYPBoii, OTJIHBaeMOii HS CneD;B8.JII>BOii
CTaJIB, H BaJIa, HSrOTOBJIeBBOrO HS CTaJII>BOii nOKOBKH. OrAeJII>BaH OTJIBBKa «fIHryp-
126
PeSIIBOCMeCBTeJIB, npoBSBO,JJ;BMLIe saBO)J;OM «BYSYJIYK» (qCCP), HSrOTaBJIH-
BalOTCH C OTKH,JJ;BLlM BJIII CKOJII>8Hm;uM 3aTBOpOltf. MamHHLI Tllna 14430 BLInycKa-
WTCH C 6JIOK-pe,JJ;YRTopOM. 3JIeKTpo)J;BHraTeJIL MomeT 6LITI> nOCTaBJIeB aCHBxpOH-
HbIii BJIH CBBXPOBBbIii, no meJIaBBIO SaKaSqHKa. ROHCTPYKD;BH MamBHbI 6JIHSKa
K KOHCTPYK
BH MamllB saB6,JJ;a «BOJILmeSHK» BJIH WBPMbI «,D;. BpH)J;m». Pa60Ta
MOii(e1; ocym.eCTBJImI>CH C aBTOMaT
eCKoii pasBecKoii II sarpysKoii HHrpe,JJ;lIeHToB.
4.8.4. KOHCTPYKL\HSI OCHOBHblX AeTaneH H ysnoB
pesHHocMecMTeneH
aMeBTBaJi DJlBT8 B COBpeMeBIIYX paSIIBOCMeCHTeJIHX COCTOBT liS BeCKOJIL-
KIIX OT,JJ;eJII>BLIX nJIBT BJIII OCBOBaBHii (,JJ;JIH coocTBeBBo CMeCHTeJIH, pe,JJ;yKTopa B
9JIeKTpo,JJ;BllraTeJIH), YCTaHaSJIBBaeMLIX Ha 06m;eii meJIeS06eTOBHoii BJIB MeTaJIJIB-
1IecKoii 9CTaKa,JJ;e.
OT)J;eJII>BaJ'I WYB,JJ;aMeBTBaH nJIBTa, BJIB OCBOBaBHe, c06CTBeBHO cMecBTeJIJI
H3rOTaBJIHBaeTCR BS qyrYBa Cq 15-52. Ha Bei yCTaBaBJIBBaeTCH CMeCBTeJII>BaJ'I
KaMepa. 06
HO npHBO,JJ; CMeCHTeJIH paSMeJD;aeTCH Ha oABoii 06m;eii nJIHTe BJIB me
"
.8
9
5
7
PRC. 4.6. CMOOBTeJILBaJI KaMepa pe8BBOCM8CBTeJIJI 250-30 aaBO.n;a CBOJlWlleBBKt:
1 - CTeHKa KaMCpy; B - DaTPyI!oK .M DOJla'IB lIS1"JB'reJIelt; 8 - ItIIJIIIHlIpsqecK8J[ 'IaCD KllJleplol; 4 - pelipa
IfICCTKOCTH; 5 - POTOP; 6 - ODOPIol 8J1)1(Bero aaTBOP8j 'I - IIIDfIlUIJI DOJlOBBHa IIoKOBBBY; , - BePDM DonG-
B8Ha (iOKOBHm.r; 9 - 110m, CKpeDJIII1Oms8 DOJlOBBBJol OOKOB8H; 10 - IllDUJIblUf, KpeDIIII{II8 IIoKOB/IBY K KOpDJCY
KaMepY; 11 - OTBepCTBe AM TepldoDaplol.
pe)J;yKTop B 9JIeKTpO,JJ;BHraTeJII> BMelOT OTAeJIl>lIYe nJIBTLI;
aCTO 6L1BaeT, 1JTO Kopnyc
peAYKTOpa BJIB 6JIOK-pe,JJ;yKTopa BaCTOJII>KO meCTOK H MaCCBBeB, 1JTO WYBAaMeBTBaH
DJIBTa Be Tpe6yeTCJI. HeKOTopLle WHpMLI yCTaBaBJIBBalOT peSBBOCMepHTeJIB Ba
BH6pOBSOJIHD;HOBBItIX onopax. B aTOM cJI
ae Be06xo)J;1iIMa meCTKaH WYBAaMeBT-
HaR nJIBTa B BBAe
yrYBBoi OTJIHBI<B HJIB cBapBoii paMLI.
CMOOHTeJIltllaJI KaHepa pesBBOCMeCHTeJIeii, BlilnYCKaeMLIX saBO,JJ;OM «BOJIl>meBHK»,
COCTOBT B8
eTLIpex 1JacTeii - )J;BYX nOJIOBBB Kopnyca, 06pasyrom;BX
JIHBAP
e-
CK'y1O qaCTI> KaltfepH, B ABYX 60KOBBB, CKpenJIJlIOm;BX 06e nOJIOBHHI>I Kopnyca C TOp-
OB (pBC. 4.6). llOJIOBHBLI Kopnyca BSrOTOBJIeBIiI H8 JIBCTOBOii npoKaTBoi CTaJiB
128
npB nOMOJD.II CBapKJI, 60KOBBHLI OTJIBBaIOTCJ'I BS CTaJiB. BOKOBBBa COCTOHT BS ABYX
nOJIOBHH 7 H 8, coeAHHeHHLlX 60JITaMB. B 60KOBHHax YCTaBOBJIeHLI 'Kopnyca nOA-
mHDBHKOB pOTOpOB CMeCHTeJIH B KpenHTCJ'I YCTpoiicTBO )J;JIH ynJIOTBeHBH sasopa
B MeCTe npOXO,!l;a meeK pOTOpOB epes CTeHKY CMeCHTeJILHOii KaMepLI. BOKOBmn.I
KpeIUlTcH K Kopnycy KaMepLI Ba 16 mnBJII>KaX (no 8 mnHJIeK BQ CTOpOBy). llinHJII>KJI
BMelOT pesI>6y M64 B BLInOJIBeHLI BS CTaJIB 45. BBYTpeBBHJ'I BJIHBAPBtIeCKaH
nOBepXBOCTI> KaMepLl, nO,!l;BepralOm;aHCJ'I npB pa60Te CHJII>BOMY HSHOCY, BanJIa-
BJIJ'IeTCJ'I TBep,JJ;LIM CnJIaBOM (c TBepAOCTLIO HRC 48-55) C TOJIm;HBOii CJIOH AO 6 MM.
CBapymH Kopnyc KaMepLI YCBJIeB pe6paMB meCTI<OCTH 4, KOTopLIe B TO me BpeMH
COS)J;aIOT ,!I;OnOJIHBTeJII>BYIO nOBepXHOCTI> OXJIam)J;eHHH.
Kopnyc KaMepLi H 60KOBHHLI ,06paSYIDT sarpyso uoe ]if pasrpYS01JBOe OKBa.
BepXBee, sarpyso Hoe OK80 nepeKpLlBaeTcH yCTaHaBJIBBaeMLIM Ba Kopnyce CMeCH-
TeJII>BOii KaMepLi sarpysOtIHLlM YCTpoiicTBOM, a HBmHee, pasrpyso Hoe OKBO nepe-
I<pLIBaeTcH BBmBHM saTBopoM CKOJII>SJ'Im;ero BJIB OTKB)J;uoro THDa. B I<opnyce
KaMepLi HMelOTCJI naTpy60K 2 AJIH sarpysKH MHr BTeJIeii 1'1 OTBepCTHH ,!I;JIH YCTaBoBKB
TepltfOnap. CBapya\H KaMepa CMemeBHH OXJIam,!l;aeTCJ'I BO,!l;oii.
Pac. 4.7. CMeCDT9nLSaJi KaMeya .'p&aBBO-
CII8CBTeJlJI BpMH cBepsep - Dt.nJliiAepept:
1 - BaupaBJIJ[lO e HIImBero 3aTBOpa CK0JIb8l1l1{ero
TBDa; fJ - paCTOqRa DBeBMOlUlJlBBlIpa; 8 - IIIDKIIJIR
'IaCT!> CKOJlfr8RlI(ero 3aTBOpa; 4 - H111KBN1 'IaCT!>
py6aDJICB KaMepy CMemellBJl; 5 - POTOp; 8 - Ba-
MaBRa TBepllYM cMasoM; 'I - BepXBIIR 'IaCT!> py-
(jamRlf CM€CHTeJlbBOIt KaMepy; 8 - BepDfJIR 'lien
Kopnyca; 9 - rpY3 BepxBero 3aTBOpa; 10 - DO-
JIOOTb lIJlII OXJI8)f(JIeHIIR RaMepY; 11 - DOJIOCTb JlJIII
OXJIamlleBIfR pOTOpa; 1// - nOJIoen .ImJI OXJI8)f(JIe-
81111 ropllymu; 18 - IIIDf(HIIit 3aTBOp (ropllywa);
14 - IIIDf(HllII 'Iaen Kopnyca.
10
KaMepa Cl>lemeUHJI peSHHOCMeCmeJIH HpMLI «Bepuep - n JIHiiAepep))
(pBC. 4.7) BLinOJIBeUa C paS'LeMOM no ropBSOBTaJIH, 1JTO 06JIer1JaeT MOHTam H )J;eMOB-
Tam YSJIa pOTOpOB. Qua BMeeT CMeHByIO BHYTpeBBlO1O py6amKY, saMeBHeMyIO B cny-
tIae BSBoca. BOKOBBBLI KaMepLI OTJIB aIOTCH OT ODHcaHHLIX BLime KOBCTpyR
TeM, TO B HBX paSMem;eHLI TOJILKO ynJIOTBHIDJD.lle YCTpoiicTBa, a nO,!l;mHnBHKH
pOTOpOB YCTaBOBJIeULI B OT,!I;eJIbHLIX OT KaMepLl cToiiKax, 1JTO 06JIeRaeT TeMnepa-
TYPHLIe YCJIOBBH pa60TLI nO,!l;llIHnHHKOB.
HOpMaJII>HaH pa60Ta peSHHOCMeCHTeJIJI B KatIeCTBO nOJI eHBOii peSHHOBoii
CMeCB B SBa1JBTeJILHOii CTeneBB SaBBCHT OT a eKTBBBOCTH OTBO,!l;a TenJIa, BLIAeJIH-
lOm;erOCJ'I B npon;ecce 06pa60TKB MaTepBaJIa. nOaTOMY OTe1JeCTBeBBLIe saBOALI B PHA
sapy6emBLIx HpM BLInYCKalOT peSBHOCMeCBTeJIB C KaMepaMB; lDfelOm;BMB BHyTpeB-
BHe OXJIaAHTeJILHLIe KaUaJILI AJIH 60JIee HBTeBCBBHoro OTBO,!l;a,TenJIa.
CMeCHTeJILBaH KaMepa peSHHOCMeCBTeJIH BpMLI «BepBep - ll JIHii,!l;epep»
CO CMeHBoii py6amKoii, COCTOHm;eii: BS ABYX nOJIOBBH 4, 7, H C HHmUBM SaTBOpOM 19
CKOJIbSJ'IJD.ero TIIna nOKasaHa Ba pHc.4.7. CMeBBaH py6amKa JIaB aMB samaTa
Mem,!{y BHmHeii 14 H BepxBeii 8 1JaCTHMB Kopnyca MamHBLI.
<DBpMa «<DappeJl) BLInYCTBJIa CMeCHTeJII>, Y KOToporo Ba BapymHoii nOBepx-
BOCTH JIBHAP eCKoii 1JaCTH CMeCmeJII>HOii KaMepLl HMeIOTCJ'I napaJIJIeJII>BLIe
KaBaJILI 2 (pBC. 4.8); no BHM C 60JILmoii CKOpOCTl>1O TetIeT OXJIam,!l;alOm;aH BOAa,
9 Salla3 163
129
C06HpaeTCH B KOJIJIeRTOp 1 H c6pacLlBaeTcH B BO,n;OOTBOAJlJD.YIO CeTl>. TaKaH CBCTella
OX.JIam,n;eBHH, HaSLlBaeMaH cTpyiiBoii, no AaHIWM WBPMLI, COKpa aeT npo ecc
oopa60TRH CMeCB B 06ecneUBaeT SHa HTeJII>BYIO aKOHOMHIO OXJIamAalOm;eii BO,JJ;LI
o 50%).
POTOp OBaJII>BorO TBna peSHHOCMeCHTeJIH, BLlDYCKaeMoro oTe eCTBeBBOii
npOMLImJIeBBOCTI>IO, pa60TalOm;Bii B nOAmBnBBKax Ka eBHH, nOKasaB Ba pBC. 4.9.
POTOp 1 OTJIHBaeTCH BS CTaJIH 3YJI-11 BJIH 45JI-if nOJILIM C TOJIm;HHoi CTeBOR
,11;0 60 MM. Pa60 aH tIaCTI> pOTopa COCTOHT BB ,n;BYX (BJIB eTLIpex) rpe6Beii, 06pasye-
MI>IX BHHTOBLIMH nOBepXBOCTJ'IMB. ,l(JIBBa KopOTRoro rpe6BH COCTaBJIHeT 0,4, a ,n;JIBB-
Boro - 0,7 OT 06m;eii AJIml>I pa601Jeii tIaCTB pOTopa. Pe6pa rpe6Beii, no,n;Bepra-
IOJD.lleCH CHJII>HOMY BSBOCY, BanJIaBJIHIOTCH TBepAblM CnJIaBOM; TOJIm;BBa BanJIaBJIeH-
Horo CJIOH 6-12 MM, TBep,n;OCTI> HRC 50-65. IIIeiiKH 5 pOTopa B MeCTe npOXO)J;8
BX epes ynJIOTBeBWI Sam;um;eHH CTaJII>BLIMB BTYJIKaMB 11, nocameBBLIMB Ba meiiKY
C npeccoBoi nocQAKoii.
«l>BpMa « appeJI» HSrOTaBJIBBaeT pesBBocMeCBTeJIH C OBaJIbHLIMB pOTopaMB
(pBC. 4.10), BMelOm;BMH 1JeTLlpe rpe6HJ1 1, 2, 9 B 4. DpBMeHeBHe TaKBX pOTOpOB
nOBLlmaeT npoBsBoABTeJiI>BOCTI> CMeCBTeJIH )J;O 30%.
HeAocTaToK pOTOpOB OBaJII>HOro THna - BaJI He oceBoro YCHJIBH, ,n;eiicTBY-
lOm;ero Ha Top eBLIe CTeBKB CMeCHTeJII>BOii KaMepLl, H Be06xoABMOCTI> perYJIHpO-
BaBBH nOJIOmeBBJ'I pOTopa B oceBOM BanpaBJIeBHH npB nOMOm;u cne aJII>BOrO
perYJIBpYIOm;ero YCTpoiicTBa BJIB YCTaBoBKoii nO)J;mBDBBKOB Ka1JeBWI, BOCnpH1lH-
MalOm;HX oceBYIO HarpYSKY.
«l>BpMa « peHCBc IIIoy» BLlDYCKaeT peSBBOCMeCHTeJIB C BJIH1I,n;pB eCKBMH
pOTopaMB (pBC. 4.if), BMelOm;BMH tIeTLIpe rpe6BH, BLInOJIBeBBLIe no CnBpaJiH.
POTOpLI COCTOHT HS ABYX acTeii, CoeJJ:HlleBBI>IX Mem.ny c060ii npeccoBoii noca,n;Koi.
acoBBaH aCTI> pOTopa BSrOTOBJIeHa HS JIBTOii JIerBpOBaBBoii CTaJIH C nOCJIeAY-
lOm;eii TepMo06pa60TKoii. l(BJIH1I)J;pB ecKaH n;anwa pOTopa Bl>InOJIHHeTCH BB KOBa-
Boii JIerHpOBaBBoii CTaJIH. DpB TaKoii wopMe pOTOpOB MaTepHaJI npB 06pa60TKe
nepeMem;aeTCH OT TOp OB KaMepl>I K eBTpy, noaTOMY pOTOpLI Be BCDLITI>IBalOT oce-
Boro YCBJIBH B Be Tpe6yIOTCH Cnen;BaJII>BLle perYJIHpyrom;Be YCTpoiicTBa ,n;JIH BX
YCTaBOBKH B oceBOM BanpaBJIeBBB.
BJIaro,n;apH TOMY TO BCH 06pa60TKa MaTepBaJIa B peSH1l0CMeCBTeJIe WBpMH
« peBCBC IIIoy» npoBcxOABT B sasope Mem,n;y pOTOpaMII, CTeBKB KaMepLI MeBl>me HS-
BamBBalOTCH B BeT He06xo,n;BMOCTH B BanJIaBKe ax TBepALIM CDJIaBOM; Ha-
nJIaBRa AeJiaeTCH TOJII>KO Y Mannm, npeABaSHatIeBBLIX AJIH 06pa60TKB MaTepBaJIOB,
06JIaAalOm;BX a6paSBBBLlMH CBoiiCTBaMH.
POTOPLI TpexrpaBBoii WOPMLI (pBC. 4.12) npBMeBHeT WHpMa «BepHep - DWJIHii-
,n;epep.. 3TB pOTOpLI JIY1fIIIe ypaBBoBemeBLI B OTBomeBBH oceBLIX BarpYSOK, B
OCTaJII>HOM I< HHM OTBOCHTCH Bce CKaS8.HBOe 0 pOTopax OBaJII>BorO TBna.
HOpMaJII>BaJ'I pa60Ta peSHBOCMeCBTeJIH saBBCBT OT TeXBH1JeCKOrO COCTOJ'IBBJ'I
pOTOpOB. OBB J'IBJIJ'IIOTCJ'I OCBOBBLIM YSJIOM MamHBLI H pa60TalOT B THmeJILIX yCJIO-
BHJ'IX; oc06eBHo CHJILHO BSBamBBalOTCJI pe6pa rpe6Bei, a npH BenpaBBJII>BOii aKC-
nJIyaTan;BH B nJIOXOM yxoAe sa ynJIOTBeBHJ'IMH CBJII>BO BSHamHBaIOTCH TaKme meiiKH
pOTOpOB. MSBOC pe6ep rpe6Beii BeAeT K YXYAmeBBIO nepeMemBBaBBJ'I CMeCH H y,n;JIB-
BeBHIO npon;ecca 06pa60TKB. MSBOC meeK pOTOpOB BapymaeT pa60TY ynJIOTHeHD,
KOTopLle BatIHBaIOT nponycKaTI> 60JII>moe KOJI eCTBO camB B peSBBoBoii CMeCB,
BCJIeACTBHe ero Ba meiiKax nOJlBJIHIOTCH saABpLI.
POTOpl>I HBJIHIOTCH )J;oporBMH AeTaJIHMH, cnoc06BLIMH pa60TaTI> AJIBTeJII>BOe
BpeMH, DoaTOMY OBH no,n;JIemaT RanHTaJII>BoMY peMoBTY. llpH peMoBTe pe6pa
rpe6Heii B BSBomeBBaH aCTI> meeK pOTOpOB, eCJIB Ha BHX 06paSOBaJIBCI> rJIy60KBe
KaBaBKB, npOTatIBBalOTCH H Ba BSHomeHHLIe MeCTa BanJIaBJIJ'IeTCH BOBLIii CJIoii
TBepAoro CnJIaBa.
YDJIOTBBTeJILBltle YCTpoiiCTB8 B MeCTe npoxo,n;a meiiKB pOTopa epes cTeBKY
KaMepl>I CMemeBBJ'I npeABaSBatIeHLI AJIH npeAoTBpam;eBBH npoBBKBoBeBBH camB
130
I
PBC. 4.8. CII8CBTenUaa KaMepa co C'l'pybmr O:UaHfAeBBell peaBBOCIleCBTenJI jBplGl «G»a,....
peat:
1 - KOJIJIellTOp; . - Dap8JIJIeJIbm8 1caJl1UIiI. CTPeJIKatIIII D:OKaaaHO HaDpaBJIeBUe ABJnI(8HBR BOIlY.
J
1
9
8
10
IZ /I
PBC. 4.9. POTOp OBanl>BOrO TBna peaBBOClrlecmeJJJI 250-30 saBo,qa cBOnl>meBlIItt:
1 - POTOP; '0 4 - 1I0KOBBHY CM€CBTeJIbHOa KaMepy; a - KOPDYC CMecBTeJIbH08 KaM8PY; 6 - me8Ka poropa;
6 - KOPDYC UOJIDIBDBllRa; 1 - ,ltBYXP/IJIHYit c(jJeplI'I€CKBa PGJIBKOBh18 DO,ItIIIBIJBBIC; 8 - ra8Ka; 9 - lIPilDlKa;
10 - yuJIOTBeBH8 C€BaHBTOBOe; 11 - aaunrraafl BTyJIKa; 12 - aalJ.tHTllWt en08 B8 TBePAoro MeTaJIJIa.
9*
II peaJIBOBOB: CMeCH HS RaMepLl Bapymy. YnJIOTBHTeJII>BOe YCTPOB:CTBO - 01leBI>
OTBeTCTBeBBLIii yseJI MaIlIBBLI, Tpe6YIOm;d nOCTOJ'IBBOrO BaOJIIOAeBBJI H yxo
a.
,D;JIKTeJII>BOe BpeMJ'I B peSJlBOCMeCHTeJIJ'IX cTapoii ROBCTPYR
H (c Be60JIl>mBM
AaBJIeBII8M Ba MaTepHaJI B RaMepe) npHMeBJ'IJIHCI>
pHK
OBllJile HJIH CaJII>BHKOBLIe
ynJIOTBeBHJ'I, ROTopLIe
JIJ'I ooeCnelleBHJ'I BOpMaJII>BOii paOOTLI TpeOOBaJIB CHJII>BOrO
H 01leBI> paBBOMepBoro nO)J;maTHJ'I. C nOBLImeBHeM )J;aBJIeBHJ'I B RaMepe aToro nOA-
maTHJ'I ORaaaJIOCI> Be)J;OCTaTO
O, B peaYJII>TaTe lIero OOpaOaTLIBaeMLIii MaTepnaJI
BLIAaBJIHBaJICJ'I B aaaop Mem,!{y meiiRoii pOTopa H ynJIOTBeBHeM, lITO npHBO)J;HJIO
.,
I
1
q
o
1
Pl
16
4
31
20
2"
,
27
8
PRC. 4.13. YUOTBBTeJJIdlHe YCTpOBCTBa:
a - JlByxna6upRHTBoe; 6 - TPexna6BpBHTHOe; ., - CMlOYDJIOTBlllOlI(eeCII; Z - JIa6upRHTBO-DJIaCTBRqaTOe;
1 - meaKa PGTOpa; 2 - CTeBJIa IIoKOBBRY KMiepy; a - TOpIteBOe ROJIbI\O; 4 - BBBT; 5 - JIa6upBHTHOe Rom.-
ItO; 8 - 881I(BTHall BTYJIRa; 1 - DOJlBIDIIBoe Jla6BpBBTBOe ROJIbI(O; 8 - &TyJIKa Ba POTOpe; 9 - ra8Ka; 10 -
lIJTyItep .JIII DOABOAa CMa8RB; 11 - TOPIteBOe KOJIbItO; 12 - DJlaBaJOlI(ee KOJIbl{O; 1 a - cIIpBKI\BOHHoe ROJIbItO;
14 - DpIDllBMBoe 1f0JIbI\0; 15 - Dp}'JIUIBa; 18 - «j)naJIeIt; 11 - perYJIBPOBO'IHYit 110m; 18 - peaBBoBoe
YDJlOTBBTeJIbBOe KOJIbItO; 19 - 8alI(BTBall BTYJIRa Ba pOTOpe; 20 - CMeBBafi &TyJIRa; '1, B2 - JlBCKU; .a, 24 -
ABCT8BItROBBYe ROJlbIta; '5 - paapeaBall ra8Ra; 28 - CTfI)I(BOa CSoJIT; 21 - KOpDYC DOJlIDB]lJllD(a; 28 - &TyJIRa
DOJIIIIIIDIIBRa.
R npem)J;eBpeMeBBOMY HSBOCY meeK pOTOpOB H 60JII>mOMY ROJIn
ecTBY BI>IDpeCCO-
BOR. TaKHe ynJIOTBeBHJ'I TPYABO nOAAaBaJIHCI> lIHCTRe H BOCCTaBOBJIeBHIO. B c.TIY-
lIae BLIxo)J;a H3 CTpOH
pHR
HOBBLIX H CaJII>BHROBLIX YCTpoiicTB TpeOOBaJIOCI> MHoro
BpeMeBH )J;JIH HX peMoBTa, lITO BLISLIBaJIO )J;JIHTeJII>BLIe npoCToH MamHBLI. DOCTe-
neBBO nOllTH Bce saBo)J;LI-HsrOTOBHTeJIH, B TOM lIHCJIe H OTelleCTBeBBLIe, nepeWJIH
Ba ynJIOTBeBHJ'I JIa6HpHBTBOrO THna.
Ha pHC. 4.13, a nORasaBO JJ:BYXJIaOHpJIBTBOe ynJIOTBeBHe peSHHOCMeCBTeJIH
250-30 3aBO)J;a «BOJIl>meBHR». B CTeBRe OOROBHBLI 2 RaMepLI yCTaBOBJIeBO CTaJIbHOe
Top
eBoe KOJII>
O 3, BXOAHm;ee B saTOllRY C BByTpeBBeii CTOpOBLI OOROBHBLI. Top-
eBoe ROJII>
O co CTOpOBLI CMeCHTeJII>BOii RaMepLI nORpLITO TBep)J;LIM CnJIaBOM HJIH
nO)J;BepraeTCJ'I nOBepXBOCTBoii TepMooopaooTRe. R Top
eBOMY ROJII>
RpenHTCH
npH nOMOm;H BHBTOB 4 ROJII>
O JIaOHpHBTBOrO ynJIOTBeBHJ'I 5, COCTOHm;ee H3 )J;BYX
nOJIOBHB H HMelOm;ee Ba BBYTpeBBeii,
JIIilllAPHlIeCRoii nOBepXBOCTH BHBTOByIO
Bape3KY, OOpaTByIO no BanpaBJIeBHIO Bpam;eBU pOTopa. BJIaro)J;apJ'I aToii Bape3Ke
133
peSHHOBaH CMeCb, nOnaBmaH B sasop Mem)J;Y sam.BTBoii BTYJIl(OH 6, BacameBBoii
nJIOTBO Ba meHKY pOTopa, B KOJII> OM 5, nO)J;aeTCH no peSI>OOBOH K8BaBKe CHOBa
B J\aMel'Y CMeCOTeJIH. ROJIb1J;O 5, RpoMe Toro, 06pasyeT JIaOHpBBTHLIii sasop C nO)J;-
BBmBblM KOJIbD;OM 7, nJIOTBO nocamellllLlM Ba meiiKY pOTopa. DO)J;BHmBoe KOJII>D;O 7
aaKpenJIeBO Ba meiiKe BHHTaMB H Bpam.aeTCH BMeCTe C pOTOpOM.
B JIa6BpHHT HenpepDlBBO nO)J; )J;aBJIeBBeM nO)J;aeTCH CMaSKa, oopasYIOm;aH
rB,!I;paBJI eCKOii saTBOp, npenHTcTByIOm;Hii npoxo.ny camH H peSHBLI lIepes sasop.
B JIa6BpBHTe caiKa B peSBBOBaH CMeCI> npeBpam;alOTcH B TecTooopasBYIO Maccy,
KOTopaH B BBAe TOHKOii JIeBT01JKH BDI)J;aBJIIIBaeTCH HS ynJIOTBeBOH Bapymy, TO
YKasLIBaeT Ha HOpMaJIbBYIO pa60TY ynJIOTBeBBH. CMasKa nO)J;aeTCJ'I B ynJIOTBeBBe
nO)J; )J;aBJIeBBeM 5 MDa cneD;OaJIbBLIM BaCOCOM 12C76-HM C npHBO)J;OM OT aJIeKTpO-
1I.BHraTeJIH. O)J;HaKo pa60Ta )J;BYXJIaOHpHHTBoro ynJIOTBeBBJ'I YXY)J;maeTCH npB
BhIpa60TKe BKJIa)J;LImeH HJIO 06pasoBaBBB JIlOtrOB B pOTOpBDlX nO)J;mHDBHKax.
3asopbI B JIa6HpBBTax HSMeBHIOTCH, H ynJIOTBeBHe BallHHaeT nponycKaTb camy
II pesHBY BS KaMepDl.
3aBo)J;oM {(BOJIbmeBBK) paspa60TaBo TpeXJIaOHpHBTBOe )J;BYXCTopoBBee ynJIOT-
HeBBe (pHC. 4.13, 6) no npBBD;ony )J;eiicTBHJ'I aBaJIOrHlIBOe onHcaBBOMY )J;BYXJIaOH-
PHBTBOMY ynJIOTBeHBIO. ,D;JIBBa JIa6HpHBTa SBallBTeJII>BO YBeJI BBaeTCH, H B CJIY-
1Jae sa6HBaBoH JIeBoB CTOpOBDI ynJIOTBeBBH npaBaH CTopOBa npO)J;OJI)KaeT paOOTaTI>,
TO nOSBOJIHeT Bs6ea\aTI> npOCTOH MamHBLI. BJIaro)J;apR TOMY lITO raiiKa 9 CH)J;BT
Ba BTYJIJ\e 8, JIa6BpHBTLI pa60TalOT B oOJIee oJIarOnpHHTBLIX YCJIOBHHX, H HSHOC
meiiKB pOTopa BCKJIlOlIaeTCH.
Ha poco 4.13,8 nOKasaBO JIa60pHBTBoe ynJIOTBeBHe BPMLI «,D;. BPH)J;)J())
caMoynJIOTBHIOm;erocH THna, pacc BTaBBoe Ba paooTY npH )J;aBJIeBHH Ba CMeCI>
B RaMepe CMemeBIIH )J;O 0,7 Mlla. DpHBD;Bn )J;eHcTBHH aToro ynJIOTBeBHH COCTOHT
B CJIe)J;YIOm;eM. PesHHoBaH CMeCb BLImHMaeTCH HS KaMepLI B nOJIOCTI> D H npH)lm-
MaeT nJIaBaIOm;ee KOJIb O 12 K pHKD;HOBHOMY KOJII>D;y 13. CooTBomeBBe nJIOm;a}J;eH
nOBepxBocTeH A H B TaKOBO, 1JTO B sasope C BOSHHRaeT BDlCOKoe )J;aBJIeBOe, npeBOC-
XO)J;Hm;ee )J;aBJIeHOe B KaMepe H npenHTcTByIOm;ee npoxo)J;y CMeCH lIepes aTOT sasop.
ffpymBHa 15 npltiliHMaeT KOJIb O 12 K KOJIbD;y 13, eCJIH )J;aBJIeBHe B nOJIOCTH D
HOpMaJII>BOe (Kor)J;a KaMepa CMemeBHH Be sarpymeBa). PeSHHOBaH CMeCb :B nOJIOCTB
D B8XOAHTCH B paSMHrlleBBOM COCTOHBHH B peSYJII>TaTe nO)J;a H B nOJIOCTI> CMaSKB
CneD;BaJII>HDlM BaCOCOM H CJIymHT oapbepOM )J;3H CYXOH camB. Tpym;BecH nOBepx-
BOCTH Mem)J;y KOJII>D;aMH 12 B 13 CMaSDlBalOTCH OT Bacoca mHJJ:Koii CMaSKOH. JIaoB-
pHBTBLle ynJIOTBeBHH a eKTHBHLI )J;JIH MamBB, B KOTOpDlX pOTOpLI YCTaBOBJIeBLI
B nOAmBnBBKax Ka1JeBBH. B peSHBOCMeCBTeJIHX C nO)J;mHnBBKaMH CKOJIl>meBOH,
rAe B CJI ae BSBoca BTYJIKB nO)J;mHDBHKa BapymalOTcH sasopLI B JIa6BpHHTBOM
ynJIOTBeBHB, a eKTBBBoCTb 8TBX YCTpoiicTB SBa OTeJII>BO CBBmaeTCH.
,D;JIH nOBbImeBHH a eKTHBHoCTB JIaOBpHHTBLIX ynJIOTBeBHii B peSBBOCMeCH-
TeJIJ'IX C pOTopaMB, yCTaBOBJIeBBLIMB Ba nO}J;mBnHHKax CKOJIbmeBBH, paspa60TaBa
BOBaJ'I ROBCTpyKD;HH JIa6BpBBTBOrO ynJIOTBeHOH (pHC. 4.13, e), B KOTOpoii yCTpa-
BeBLI Be)J;OCTaTKB 60JIbmBBCTBa JIaOBpBBTHDlX ynJIOTBeBHii. Ha meHKe pOTopa 1
nocameBa CMeBBaH BTYJIKa 20, BMelOm;aH pesboy Ba nOBepXBOCTB, conpBKaca-
lOm;eiicJ'I C paCTO'llWH B TopD;eBOM KOJIbD;e OOKOBBBLI 2. PesHBa, BbI)J;aBJIBBaeMaH
lIepes aTY pesb6y B sasop BepTBKaJIbBOrO JIa6BpBBTBoro ynJIOTHeBHH, npOXO)J;BT
1Jepes sasopbI Mem)J;y BByTpeBBBMB 21 II BapymHbIMH 22 )J;HCKaMB, Ky)J;a nO)J;aeTCH
MaCJIO lIepes mTYD;ep 10. ,D;BCKB y)J;epmBBalOTcH Ba onpe)J;eJIeHHOM paccToHBBH
)J;pyr OT )J;pyra]J;BcTaBD;BoHHLIMO KOJIbD;aMB 23 H 24, KOTopDle saa<BMaIOTCH paspes-
Boii raHKoii 25. flpH BDlpa60TKe BTYJIKB 28 pOTopBoro nO)J;mBnHHKa 2"7 )J;HCKH 21
II 22 cMecTHTcH, Be HapymHB JIaOBpBBTBl>1X sasopOB, 1'1 ynJIOTHeHBe 6Y)J;eT YBK-
OBBpOBaTb BOpM8.JII>HO.
Bce ynJIOTBeHBH JIa6HpBHTBoro Tona ooecne BBalOT BOplllaJIbHYIO paooTY
peS.DBOCMeCHTeJIH TOJIbKO npB oecnepe60HBoH nO)J;a e CMaSKH B nO,lUl;ep;'KaBBO
repMeTH3HpYIO ero CJIOH pesBBLI B sasope ynJIOTBeBHH B TecTo06pasBoM COCTOHBHII,
134
a T8J{me npD BOpMaJII>BLlX sasopax ynJIOTBeBBJI. noaTOMY peBHSHIO H lIHCTRY ynJIOT-
BeBHH BeOOXO)J;HMO npOHSBO)UlT1> B Kam]l;o:l CMeBe. llyCR pesHHocMeCHTeJIJ'I nocne
MOHTama DJID peMOBTa ynJIOTBeBDJ'I peKOMeBAYeTCR npOHSBOABTL C sarpYSROB B
Bero O]l;Boii-)J;BYX sanpaBOK HK; oopaoa-
TI.JBaTL B 3TOT nepHO)J; CMeCH, CO]l;epma-
m;De cepy, Be CJIeAYeT.
Y CTpoiicTBO AIDI peryupOB8BBJI
DOJIoaceBBR pOTOpoB peSIIBOCMeCIITeJIeii.
B COBpeMeBBI.JX peSHHOCMeCHTeJIHX yc-
TaBOBKa pOTopa B sa)J;aBBOM nOJIOmeBHH
D BOCDpMTBe oceBLIX YCHJIDii 06eCnellH-
BaeTCH npaBHJILBOii YCTaBOBKOB pa]l;DaJII>-
BLIX C epHlIeCKHX pOJIDKOnOAmDDBHROB.
DpD 3TOM B samaTOM nOJJ;mHDBHKe Bapym-
Hoe KOJILn;O nOJJ;mHDBDKa co CTOpOBLI
npHBO)J;a samaTO, a y nJIaBalOm;ero nO)J;-
mHnBHKa co CTOpOBLI nO)J;BO]l;a XOJIo)J;Boii
BO)J;I.J ROJILn;O YCTaBaBJIBBaeTCH C saso-
paMH. llO)J;maTDe BBYTpeBBero KOJII>n;a
npOHsBO)J;DTCH npB nOMOm;H raeK.
B CTapLIX OTe eCTBeBBLIX MamBBaX
(BanpHMep, peSHBOCMeCHTeJIHX PC-2) H
B MaWDBax BeKOTOpl.JX sapy6emBLIx (fIHpM
C pOTopaMH, paOOTaIOm;HMII B nO]l;mHnBH-
Kax CKOJII>SHm;erO THna, )J;JIJ'I yCTaBoBKH
pOTOpOB B npaBHJII>BOe nOJIOmeBHe H Bocn-
pHHTHJ'I oceBoro YCDJIHH HMeeTCJ'I perYJIH-
pYIOm;ee YCTPOHCTBO, KOTopoe BaXO)J;HTCH It
Ba ROBn;e pOTopa, co CTOpOBbI nO]l;BO)J;a
OXJIamAalOm;eii BO]l;LI.
DOJIOmeBHe pOTOpOB B npon;ecce
pa60TLI CMeCDTeJIJ'I H BeJID HHI.J sasopoB 2
AOJImBLI CHCTeMaTDlIeCKH KOBTpOJIHpo-
BaTI>CH.
3arPYS01JBoe YCTpoiiCTBO peSBHOCMe-
CHTeIDI pacnOJIaraeTCH Ha CMeCHTeJII>HOB 1
KaMepe D COCTOHT HS c06CTBeBBO sa-
rpYSOllHOH BOpOBKH H BepxBero saTBopa.
B n;eJIHX YBeJIH1IeBHJ'I 061>eMa KaMepLI
CMemeBHH Ba nepHO)J; sarpYSKH MaTepHa-
JIOB B COBpeMeHBLlx MamHBax Mem)J;y
sarpYSOllHOH BOpOBKOii H KaMepoii ycu-
BaBJIHBaeTCH rOpJIOBHBa BI.JCOTOH OT 170
)J;O 500 MM. 3TO nOSBOJIJ'IeT nO)J;aTI> B peSH-
BOCMeCDTeJII> cpasy BCIO BaBeCKY MaTe-
pHaJIOB, TO COKpam;aeT BpeMJ'I, Be06xoJJ:II-
Moe )J;JIH sarpYSKD MamDBI.J, a aTO O eBI>
BamBO npB KOpOTKHX n;HKJIaX CMemeBHH.
Ha pDC. 4.14 nOKasaBO sarpYSOllBoe YCTpoiicTBO peSHHOCMeCBTeJIR SaBO]i;a
«BOJIl>meBDK» C 061>eMOM RaMepl.J 71 JI. Ha BepxBeii nJIOCROCTH CMeCHTeJIl>HOii RaMepLl
YCTaBOBJIeBa rOpJIOBHBa 1. R Heii KpenHTCJ'I Ropnyc sarpyso1JBoii BOpOBKH llt
OOKOBl.Je CTeHKD KOTOpoii HSrOTOBJIeBLI HS lIyrYBBoro JIHTI>H, nepeABRH CTeBKa JI
OTKHAHaJ'I ]l;Bepn;a 10 BLInOJIBeBLI HS JIHCTOBOro MeTaJIJIa. ABep oii ynpaBJIJleT
BOSAYWHI.JB n;HJIHH]I;p )J;BoiiBoro )J;eiicTBHJ'I lIepes cHcTeMY pLl1JarOB; BO HSOem8BHe
""
c:::.
9
10
"
3
.c:::.
PBC. 4.14. 3arpyao1JBoe YCTpOiiCTBO peaR-
BOCKecBTeJlJl SlBoAa dlonr.meBBKt:.
1 - ropnoBBBa; S'- rpys; a - UOJ1OC'1'1r JIJIII ox-
n8JllJleBll1l rpysa; .. - S8JIBII/I ABepRa sarpyaO'lBoft
BOpoBRII; 6 - DITOR; 8 - CaJlbBHR08M RopollKa;
'1 - B08J1)'1DB1>18 ItIIJIBBAP; 8 - DopmeBb; 9 - BeR-
TBJIJIUIIoBHY8 OTCOC; 10 - O'l'J(lI){BaR ABepJ{a; 11 -
aarpYSO'lBM BOpoBHa.
135
Y)J;apOB )J;Bepn;LI npH ee OTKpLITUU yCTaBOBJIeBLI peSHHOBLIe ynopLI. ,D;JIH npe)J;OT-
Bpam;eBUH nOna)J;aBHH B nOMem;eBUe n;exa nLIJIHm;BX MaTepHaJIOB npH 3arpYSKe
CMeCUTeJIH CJIymuT BeBTBJIHn;UOBBaH yCTaBOBKa C MeCTBLIM OTCOCOM H3 nOJIOCTU
BOpOBKU. 38JJ:BHII CTeBRa rOpJIOBHBLI BLInOJIBeBa B BU)J;e C1>eMBOii HJIH OTKpLIBa-
lOm;eiicH ]J;Bepn;LI 4; OBa CJIymHT )J;JIH lIHCTKU H OCMOTpa BumHeii acTU sarpY30 -
Boro YCTpoiicTBa peSHBOCMeCUTeJIJ'I. DpH pa60Te pesuBOCMeCHTeJIH C CUCTeMoii
aBTOlt1aTU eCKoii paSBeCKH K saABeii CTeBRe rOpJIOBHBLI nO)J;KJIlOlIalOT sarpYSOllHyIO
eMKOCTI> )J;JIH nO]J;a u camH. Ha BepXBlO1O aCTI> sarpY30 HOii BOpOBKH KpeDHTCH
CaJII>BUKOBaJ'I Kop06Ka 6 H B03]J;YmBLIii n;HJIm]J;p 7 oepXHero 3aTBOpa.
rpY32, OTJIHTLIii HS yryBa H nocameBBLIii Ba mTOK 5 BOS)J;ymBoro n;UJIHH)J;pa
7 3 oopasyeT BepxBri 3aTBOp CMeCHTeJIH. ROB Hrypan;UH rpysa saBHcuT OT KOBCT-
PYRn;BB MamUHLI. BByTpH rpy3a HHor)J;a UMelOTCH nOJIOCTB ]J;JIH nO)J;allH OXJIam]J;a-
lOm;eii BOJJ:LI.
B03AymBLIH D;BJIHB)J;p 7 ynpaBJIHeT paooToii BepXBero saTBopa H lIepes nop-
meBI> 8, mTOK 5 U rpY3 2 npOHSBO)J;HT )J;aBJIeBHe Ba CMeCI> B KaMepe. QHJIHB)J;P MO-
meT 6LITI> JIHTLIM HJIB B BH]J;e CBapBoii KOBCTPYR HH.
RaK OTMe aJIOCI> BLIme, npO)J;OJImHTeJII>HOCTI> npon;ecca CMemeBUJ'I saBHCHT
OT )J;aBJIeBUH Ha CMeCI>. tJeM 60JII>me )J;aBJIeBHe, TeM MeBI>We npo)J;OJImHTeJII>BOCTI>
CMemeBHH, n08TOMY y Bcex BLInycKaeMLIX B BaCTOHm;ee BpeMH pe3HBOCMeCUTeJIeii
AaBJIeBBe Ba CMeCI> nOBLImeBO )J;O 0,6-0,8 MDa. 3TO AOCTUraeTCH sa C eT YBeJI e-
BUH )J;aBJIeBHH cmaToro BOS]J;yxa, nO)J;aBaeMoro B B03)J;YmBLIii D;BJIUB)J;p, )J;O 0,8-
d MDa B B peSYJII>TaTe YBeJI eBUH )J;HaMeTpa BOSAYJIIBoro n;HJIHH)J;pa. HanpHMep,
paSMepLI KaMepLI CMemeBUH H sarpY301lB0ro OKBa y peSHHOCMeCHTeJIH 250-30 Te me,
lITO H Y paBee BLlDYCKaBmerOCJ'I CMeCHTeJIH PC-2, a )J;aBJIeBHe Ba CMeCI> COCTaBJIHeT
COOTBeTCTBeBBO 0,66 H 0,10 MDa npH O)J;HHaKOBOM )J;aBJIeBHH BOS)J;yxa, nO)J;aBaeMoro
o BOS)J;ymBLIii n;UJIHBJJ:p (0,9 Mlla). 3TO 001>HCBHeTCJ'I TeM, TO AHaMeTp BOS)J;ym-
Boro D;BJIHBJJ:pa CMeCHTeJIH 250-30 paBeB 500 MM, a AHaMeTp CMeCHTeJIH PC-2 pa-
oeH 190 MM.
CUCTeMa nO)J;BO]J;a cmaToro BOS)J;yxa K n;UJIBBAPY ooecne HBaeT COS]J;aHHe B03-
p;ymaoii nOAymKH B TOT MOMeBT, Kor]J;a nOpmeBI> BaXO]J;HTCH B RpaiiBeM nOJIOmeBHH,
TO UCKJIIO aeT y)J;apLI ero 0 RpLImKY H )J;HO D;BJIBBApa. YnpaBJIeHHe pa60TOH n;u-
JIHH]J;pa MomeT OLITI> p BLIM HJIH aBTOMaT eCKHM.
Pa3rpys01lBoe YCTpoUCTBO pe3BBOCMecBTeJIII. BLlrpY3Ka rOTOBoii pe3HHOBoii
CMeCH npOHSBO)J;HTCH lIepes OKBO BumBeii lIaCTH KaMepLI CMemeBHJ'I, KOTopoe nepe-
RpLIBaeTCH Ba BpeMH oopaOOTKH CMeCH )J;Bepn;eii BHmBero 3aTBopa. HHmHHii 3aT-
BOp BLInOJIHHeTCJ'I ]J;BYX THDOB: CKOJII>3HJD.BM U C OTKH)J;Boii )J;Bep eii. 3aTBOp CKOJII>-
SHm;ero TEa. npHBOAUTcH B )J;BHmeBUe nepeMem;alOm;UMCH ropHSOBTaJII>BLIM B03-
)J;yDlBl>nf BJIU rB)J;paB eCKUM n;UJIHH)J;pOM npH 3aKpenJIeBHLIX mTOKe H nopmHe,
3aTBOp C OTKB)J;BOii )J;Bepn;eii - rH]J;paBJlHlIeCKIDof npHBO)J;OM. llpu HCnOJII>SOBaBUH
SaTBOpa BToporo TUna SHa HTeJII>BO COKpam;aeTCH npO)J;OJImUTeJII>HOCTI> BLlrpYSKU
cr.reCH.
HHmBHii 3aTBOp CKOJII>3Hm;erO Tuna nOKa3aB Ha pHC. 4.15. Bos]J;ymHLIH n;u-
JIUH)J;p 4 C npUKpenJIeBHLIMH K BeMY OpOBSOBLIMH nJIaBKaMU 14 CKOJII>SHT no Banpa-
BJIHIOm;UM npUJIHBaM OCBOBaBUH CMeCHTeJIH. Ha BepxBeH nJIOCKOCTH JIHH)J;pa
KpenHTCH ]J;Bepn;a 6 (Ba3LIBaeMaH HHor]J;a rop6ymeii) BHmBero saTBopa, BLInOJIBeB-
BaH H3 CTaJII>BOrO JIHTI>H. BepXBHJ'I nOBepXHOCTI> )J;Bepn;LI HMeeT (fIOPMY TpeyrOJII>-
BHKa H 06pasyeT C nOJIOBHHaMH KaMepLI CMemeBHII e)J;UBYIO nOBepXBOCTI>; OBa
BanJIaBJIeBa TBep)J;LIM CnJIaBOM (TOJIJD.UHa CJIOJ'I 6 MM) H OTmJIH OBaHa. CmaTLIii
B03]J;YX )J;aBJIeBHeM 0,6 MDa nO]J;aeTCH B nOJIOCTI> n;HJIHH]J;pa no )J;BYM RaHaJIaM
B mTOKe, SaKpenJIeBBOM B OCBOBaHHU CMeCHTeJIH.
npu nO)J;a e Bos.nyxa B OABY us nOJIocTeii n;HJIHH)J;pa Kopnyc n;HJIHBJJ:pa C npH-
RpenJIeBBOii K BeMY )J;Bep eii 6Y)J;eT'cMem;aTl>clI B TY HJIH UBYIO CTOPOBY no OTHome-
BHIO K nopmmo 9 H OTKpLIBaTI> HJIH saKpLIBaTI> OKBO )J;JIII BLIrpysKH rOToBoii CMeCH.
,I\JIII npeAOTBpam;eBHJ'I y)J;apOB nopmBH 0 KpLImKH 3 H 11 HJIHB)J;pa YCT8.HOBJIelllil
136
npymmn.. 5 H 10, CMJ'InaIOm;lte YAap.
JIJ'I BOpMaJILHOii paooTId HBmHero saTBop
Be06xo]J;UMO, 1JTOOLI )J;Bep
a oldJIa TOllBO nO)J;orHaBa B MeCTe npoxo)J;a ee lIepes
6oKoBmm; aasopLI Be AOJImHLI 6!.1TI> oOJIl>me 0,12 MM. PerYJIHpOBaBHe sasopOB npo-
BSBO)J;HTCH nYTeM CMem;eHHJ'I RJIHBa YCTpoiicTBa 13. HeKoTopLIe cfJHPMLI, HanpHMep
«$peHcHc illof), BLInycRalOT CMeCBTeJIH C BenO,lJ;BHmHIdM n;HJIHH]J;pOM HIDKHero
3aTBOpa. B aTHX CMeCHTeJIJ'IX )J;Bepn;a meCTKO CBHsaBa co mTOKOM H nopmHeM H
nepeMem;aeTCII BMeCTe C BUMH. Pasrpysouoe YCTPOBCTBO C OTKHABOii )J;Bepn;eii
nORasaHO Ba pHC. 4.16. OTK
M )J;Bep
a 1 pacnOJIOmeBa Ba nOBopOTHOM pLI1Jare 2
Ha Cnen;HaJII>BLIX peSHHOBLIX npORJI8)J;KaX 3 H KpenUTCJ'I K HeMY
eTLIpI>MII OOJITaMH.
DOBOpOT )J;Bep
Ba 120 0 npOBCXO]J;HT nYTeM nOBopOTa BaJIa 4 C nOMOm;LIO rHJJ:paBJIB-
qeCIWrO YCTpoiicTBa. B )J;Bepn;e 1 BMeIOTCJ'I nOJIOCTH )J;JIJ'I oXJIam]J;arom;eii BO]J;LI, nO)J;a-
BaCMoii 1Jepes BaJi 4. ,I:(JIH nOAAepmaBUH ]J;Bepn;LI B saRpLITOM nOJIOmeHHB BO BpeMII
12 J 5
" g B
PlfC. 4.16. Paarpyso1lBoe YCTPOBCTBO C O'rI<IWIOB
Bepn;eB peSRBOCY9CBTMR 4»upMH «A. BpJfA)R&:
1 - OTKIUUUJI JlBepu;a; 2 - DOBOPOTHY8 plAar; a - peallBOBl>le upoKn8JIlUt; 4 - Ban; 6 - ODOpR8R aalJJQ)a-
IOIQ8R lIJUlTa; 8 - III'I'OK rBJIPOllDJIUBJlpa; 'I - rBJIPOllDJDllmp aaDBPalOIQeI'O YCTpOICTBa; 8 - pOJIBK11; 9-
UO,lw{a oXJJAlf<Jt8JOII\el BOIlY.
pa60TLI CMeCBTeJIJ'I CJIymuT OnOpBaJ'I SaDHpalOm;aJ'I nJIBTa 5, 1<0TOpaJ'I BLI,IJ;BBraeTCJ'I
npu nOMOm.u: mTOKa 6 rB]J;pOn;UJIHB]J;pa 7. llOBOpOTHLIii pLI
ar CBaomeB meCT1>1O
pOJIBKaMH 8, 06ecne
UBalOm;BMU paBBOMcpBoe npHmaTHe ]J;Bepn;ld.
3aTBop C OTKU]J;BOii )J;Bep
eii Ba]J;emeB B 8KCnJIyaTan;HH (Be sae]J;aeT npu nOBLI-
mCBBOM )J;aBJIeBUU B KaMepe), Be sarpHSBJ'IeTCH OCTaTKaMB peSHHOBoii cr.recu, HCRJIIO-
lIaeT BOSMOmBOCTI> nOHBJIeBHJ'I BLInpeCCOBOR H Ha 50% COKpam;aeT npO]J;OJIiKU-
Te.llbBOCTL BLIrpYSKB CMeCB, 1JTO oc06eHBo BaiKBO npH KOpOTKHX n;HKJIaX o6pa60TJtB
Cl\{eCH H aBTOMaTH
eCKOM peiKHMe paooTLI CMeCHTeJIH. lloaTOMY B nOCJIe)J;Hee BpeMJ'I
saBo)J; «BOJIl>meBUK» H sapy6emuLIe cfJHPMLI nepemJIH Ha BLlnyCK pesuBoCMeCHTeJIeii
c. HUiKBUM SaTBOpOM C OTKU,IJ;HOii )J;Bepn;eii.
ITpBBO,!l; pesmocMecuTeneii MomeT OUTI> ocym;eCTBJIeH no pasJ1H'IHoii KBHeMaTB-
lIecKoii cxeMe U OTJIH'IaeTCJ'I THnOM H xapaKTepBCTHKOii aJIeKTpo]J;BuraTeJIH, BaRB-
q:ueM pe.nyKTopa HJIH 6JIOK-pe)J;yKTOpa; npHBO,lJ; MomeT 6ldTI> rpynnoBLIM UJIK HH)J;H-
Bu.nyaJII>HLlM, npaBoro HJIH JIeBorO HCnOJIBeBHJ'I. ,I:(JIJ'I npHBO)J;a pe3HHOCMeCBTeJI
ii
B naCTOJ'Im;ee BpeMH npBMeBJ'IIOTCH aCBBxpOBBLIe U CHHxpOHBLIe 3JIeKTpO)J;BuraTeJIU,
O)J;BO- H )J;BYXCKOpOCTBLIe. B peSHHOCMeCHTeJIJ'IX 60JII>moii MOm;BOCTK CJle]J;yeT npH-
MeHHT!> CBRXpOHBLIe aJIeKTpOABHraTeJIlI, TaK KaR nOTpe6JIHeMaH peSHHOCMecme-
JIeM MOJD.BOCTI> HSMeBlleTCJ'I B Te
eBHe n;HKJIa CMemeBHJ'I B mHpOKUx npelleJIax.
138
B 8THX yCJIOBHHX aCDBXpOBBLIii 3JIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJII>, BLIOpaBHLIB: Ba MaKCBMaJII>BYIO
MOm;HOCTI>, 3Ha DTeJII>BOe BpeMH 6Y)J;eT pa60TaTI> C BenOJIBOii BarpYSKOii npH nOBH-
meBBOM KocDByce <p.
,IJ.JIJ'I pe3HHOCMeCHTeJIeH, B KOTOpl>lX BeOOXO}l.DMO OCym;eCTBJIHTI> nJIaBBOe HSMe-
HeBHe aCTOTLI Bpam;eHDJ'I pOTOpOB (BanpHMep, ]J;JIH YBHBepCaJII>BI>IX, JIaOppaTOp-
HI>IX HJIH npeABaSBa eHBLIX )J;JIJ'I oopa60TKH MaTepHaJIOB mHpOKoro aCCOpTBMeBTa),
npDMeBHIOTCJ'I 8JIeKTpO)J;BDraTeJIH nOCTOJ'IBBOrO TOKa C nJIaBBLIM 6eCCTyDeH1JaTIiIM
perYJIHpOBaHDeM aCTOTLI Bpam;eBDJ'I.
llOCKOJII>KY 3JIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJID npHBO]J;a peamOCMeCHTeJIH sarpH3BJ'IIOTCJ'I ca-
meii H nl>lJII>IO, B nOCJJeABee BpeMH CTaJIH npHMeBHTI> 3JIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJID saKpLIToro
THna C saMKByToii CHCTeMOH BeBTHJIHn;HH OT cneI\BaJII>BOrO BeBTDJIHTOpa; D;BPKYJIU-
pyeMl>lii Boa]J;yx OXJIam)J;aeTCH BO]J;oii. 3TO 3BaQHTeJII>BO YJJ mD.TIO YCJIOBHH pa60TLI
aJIeRTpO]J;BHraTeJIeii H 06eCne DJIO )J;JIHTeJII>HLIii CpOK DX CJIYiK6LI 6e3 peMOBTa.
XapaRTepHCTDKH 3JIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJIeir, npDMeBHeMI>IX )J;JIH npDBO)J;a pe3HHO-
CMeCUTeJIeii, npHBe)J;eBLI BLlme, B Ta6JI. 4.1. lIs Ta6JIDn;1>I BH]J;BO, TO ]J;JIJ'I peSBBO-
cMeCHTeJIeii OCHOBBI>IX npOD3BO]J;CTBeBBLIX pa3MepOB OTe eCTBeBBLIe 3aBOALI npH-
MeBHIOT CBBxpOBBLIe aJIeKTpO]J;BDraTeJID MOm;BOCTI>IO OT 320)J;0 630, 700 H 1250 KBT,
C lIaCTOToii Bpam;eHDH 500, 750 D 1000 06/MHB.
llPDBo)J;Bl>le D pDKn;DOBBLIe meCTepBH OTJIHBalOTCH HS CTaJIH, BMelOT pesepo-
BaBBLIii 3YO H pa60TalOT B 3aKpLITLIX Komyxax. 061>11JBO Bce meCTepBU npHBO]J;a
CMeCHTeJIJ'I (npBBoABLIe H pHKI\BOBHLIe) pacnOJIaralOTCH C o]J;Boii CTOpOBLI RaMepLI
CMemeBUH - cnpaBa UJIH CJIeBa, 06pa3YH COOTBeTCTBeBHO npaBI>IH DJIH JIeBLIii
npHBO]J;.
DpH yCTanoBKe meCTepeB npHBO)J;a Ba meiiRax pOTOpOB nOCJIe)J;BDM nepe)J;a-
IOTCJ'I )J;onOJIBDTeJII>Hl>le BarpYSRH OT OOI<OBLIX YCHJIHii, BoaBHKaIOm;BX B s enJIe-
HHJ'IX, 1JTO YXY]J;maeT DX pa60TY. RpoMe TOro, D meCTepBH nO)J; BJIHHBHeM yCHJIuii
B pOTopax nO)J;BepralOTCH nOBl>lmeBBOMY HSBOCY, TO oc06eBBO Be)J;onYCTHMO npH
nepeAa e OOJIl>mHX MOJD.BOCTeii H YBeJID eBHB aCTOTLI Bpam;eBUH pOTOpOB. B n;eJIJ'IX
yCTpaBeBDJ'I 8rnx Be]J;OCTaTKOB pDKn;HOBBLIe U npHBO)J;BLIe meCTepHH pacnOJIaralOT
B Kopnyce OJIOK-pe]J;YKTopa. llOCJIe)J;Buii npe)J;CTaBJIHeT c060ii pe]J;yKTop, B KOTOpOM
AOnOJIBHTeJlI>BO paSMem;eHl>t meCTepBH CMeCUTeJIII.
BJIOK-pe,!{yKTop DMeeT )J;Ba BI>IXO]J;BLlX BaJIa, coe)J;DBeBHLIX rH6KHMH mapBUp-
BLIMH MY TaMD C meHKaMU pOTOpOB CMeCHTeJIH. Dpu HCnOJII>SOBaBUH OJIOR-pe)J;YK-
Topa YJI maIOTCH yCJIOBDJ'I pa60TI>t pOTOpOB H meCTepeH, OOJIe aeTCH DX CMaSKa,
nOBLImaeTCH oe30naCBOCTI> OOCJIymDBaBHH MamHHLI D YMeHl>maeTCJ'I mYM npB
ee paooTe. PesuBocMeCDTeJIH co CBOOO]J;BLIM 001>eMOM CMeCHTeJII>BOii KaMepLl oOJIl>me
45 JI Bl>lnYCKalOTCH B BaCTOHm;ee BpeMJ'I TOJII>KO C OJIOK-pe)J;YRTOpaMH.
4.3.6. ABTOMaTH"IeCHOe ynpaBneHHe H HOHTponb
sa pa6oTo peSHHOCMeCHTenR
C YBeJIUlIeHHeM aCTOTLI Bpam;eHHH pOTOpOB pe3DBOCMeCHTeJIH D nOBLUDeBueM
]J;aBJIeBHH Ba CMeCI> npO)J;OJImBTeJII>BOCTI> JIa npHrOTOBJIeBHH pesHHoBoii CMeCH
COKpaTBJIaCI> )J;O 2-6 MHH. HaJIIAHe B CMeCDTeJIe OOJIl>moro KOJIJI1IeCTBa Y3JIOB,
KOTOpl>le B 8TOT KOpOTRHii nepHO)J; )J;OJImBLI paOOTaTI> B onpe)J;eJIeBBOii nOCJIe]J;OBa-
TeJII>BOCTH, BLISI>IBaeT BeOOxOAHMOCTI> aBTOMaTlAeCROrO ynpaBJIeBDJ'I DX pa60Toii.
COBpeMeBBl>lii peSHBOCMeCHTeJII> OCBam.eB Beooxo]J;BMLIMH cpe]J;CTBaMH KOB-
TpOJIJ'I H perYJIUpOBaBHJ'I TeMnepaTypLI CMeCH B KaMepe CMemeHUH, npO)J;OJImDTeJII>-
HOCTH CMemeBDJ'I, )J;aBJIeBHJ'I cmaToro BOS,!{yxa B n;HJIUB)J;pax BepXHero H BHil\BerO
aaTBopOB, OTKH)J;BOii ]J;Bepn;1>I aarpysollBoii BOpOBKH H B YCTpoiicTBe )J;JIH nO]J;a H
mB)J;KHX KOMnOBeBTOB, ]J;aBJIeBHJ'I H pacxo]J;a BO)J;Y, rpy3a BepXBero saTBopa, ]J;Bepn;bI
CKOJII>SHm;erO HJIH OTKB]J;Boro TBna BumBero saTBopa H BOS)J;YXOOXJIaAHTeJIJ'I
3JIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJIH rJIaBBOrO npDBO]J;a, a TaRme nOTpe6JIHeMOii MOm;BOCTD. PeaBHO-
CMeCBTeJIH C OTKU)J;BOir )J;Bepn;eii )J;onOJIBDTeJII>HO OCBSm;aIOTCH npHoopaMH KOHTpOJIH
139
B ynpaBJIeBHJ'I rHJJ:paBJIlAeCKOii YCTaBOBKOii, oOeCne BalOm;eii paOOTY BD$BerO
SaTBOpa.
ROBCTPYKUIIJ'I BLInycKaeMLIx B BaCTOJ'Im;ee BpeMH peSHBOCMeCHTeJIeii npe,u;yCMa-
TpBBaeT BOSMO)I(BOCTI> paOOTLI B p BOM H nOJIyaBToMaTlAeCROM pem1DfaX C ynpa-
BJIeBHeM OT MeCTBOrO nYJIbTa, a TaK)I(e OT eUTpaJII>BOrO AHCneT1JepCKOre nYJII>T3
PBC. 4.17. ¥CT8BOBKa Tepllonap
B pe3BBOClleCBTeBe saBo a
,CBOBl>meBBK,.:
a - B OTKD.IIBoCI: JlBepu;e; 6 - B rpyae
BeP%IIero aaTBOpa; 6 - B IIoKOBHRe
CMecJnem>B08 K8Mepy; 1 - OTKWlRall
ItBep a; 2 - TepMOUapa; 3 - npo-
KJIa.tJ;Ka; 4 - DOBOPOTHY8 pyqar;
Ii - rpya; 8 - CMeHHaR DJIOCKOCTb;
1 - IIOKOBoBa CM€CHTeJIbROA KaMepl>!
q
5
G
6
DpU nOJIBOCTl>1O aBTOMaTH8HpOBaBBOii paOOTe BCeX BCnOMOraTeJII>BMX MCXaBBSMOB
paSBeCKH.
Ba$BLIM YCJIOBBeM HOpMaJII>BOrO Be)J;eBHH npo ecca CMemeBHH J'IBJIHeTCJ'I
HenpepMBm.rli KOBTpOJII> TeMnepaTypM CMeCB. DpH KOpOTKOM BKJIe CMemeBHJ'I H
OOJILmoii nOTpeOJIHeMOii MOm;BOCTH (700 RBT H oOJIee) B pe3HHOCMeCBTeJIe BLI,u;e-
JIHeTCH SHallBTeJIbHOe KOJIlAeCTBO TenJIa, KOTopoe )J;OJI$BO OLITI> OTBe)J;eBO C OXJIa-
)KAalOm;eii BO)J;oi )J;JIH nOAAep»<aBHJ'I TeMnepa-rypLI CMeCH B onpe)J;eJIeBBMx npe]J;eJIax.
,D;JIH ROBTpOJIH TeMnepaTYPLI npBMeBHIOT TepMonapLI C XpOMeJIb-KOneJIeBLIMII H )J;Py-
I'1DfH 8JIeKTpO)J;aMU. B BOBLIX OTe eCTBeBBLIX H sapY,Oe$BLIX pesHBOCMeCBTeJIHX
140
HCnOJII>3yIOTCH eTLIpe TepMonapLI: O)J;Ba - B rpyse BepXBerO SaTBOpa (nORaSLI-
BaeT TeMnepaTYPY B BepXBeii aCTH KaMepLI), )J;pyraH - B ABep e BI'UKRerO 8a-
-rBOpa (KOHTpOJIHpyeT TeMDepaTYPY CMeCH B BUmBeR aCTU KaMepLI) H em;e )J;Be -
B 60KOBBBax KaMepLl CMemeBBJ'I (oABa BS aTUX ABYX TepMonap HBJIHeTCH pesepBRoi).
B Ka eCTBe BTopB1JBOro npH60pa TepMonapLl, YCTaBOBJIeBBOi B 60KOBme, npBMe-
RHeTCH aBTOMaTll1leCKd nOTeB HOMeTp sanHCLIBalOm;ero THna, KOTOpLIi Bos)J;ei-
cTByeT Ba perYJIHpOBO BLIi KJIanaB nOAa1lH OXJIam)J;alOm;eR BOAN, a npl'l nOBIiUIle-
BHH TeMnepaTypLI CMeCH CBepx )J;onycTBMoi AaeT KOMaB)J;Y Ba AOcpO Boe OTKpLlTHe
B1ImBerO saTBopa U aBapuiiBYIO BLIrpYSKY CMeCH.
zo
r- - -- - - - ----------- - - -------------'\
,-J:..d:'---------------------'"\ I
.. ..1 ..: I
r I'
I :
5 t I
. .
I 8'
I I
r------ ' ";-sf e
,), , "V ap
I ' 6 IU 11
17, ,--...
I "iI 11
lG. O.ua:1lCQaHr
UJ,aR 6ot1a
7
1
C:1ICamblu
6030f/X
6'1
'1
I,
I,
't
I __
\------------....
18
19
I
'3
tAU! o.r/la:JfCgal(}..
IiJ,rll 60gbl .
PHi 4.18. Cxella aBTOllaTR'100ROrO yupaBJI8ll11J1 pa6OToii pe3BBOCM8CBTeJIJI C OTKQBoii JlBep-
ei:
1 - IIUOMeTP; . - IInet(TpOMartlJl't'HYil: MaDaJI yupaBJIeBHII I\IIJIlUlJlPOM ycTpOICTBa JIM uOJla'll[ 1fC1UIJCIIJ[
BJI1'P€JUIeBTOB; 3 - 8JIeKTPOMal'llBTHY8 KJIaDaJI YDpalUleHHII UDJIBHnPOM 3arpyao'lllol BOPOIIKJJ; 4 - 8ReKTPO-
MaI'im'rtUd MauU yupaBJIeBDII BepXBItM 3aTBopoM; 6 - DBeBM&T&qecKu8 UDJIIUI,Qp Bepxsero rpyaa; , - peril-
e'l'PUPYiOIJtII8 DOTemmOlieTP; 'I - perHCTpUPYlOnnUi H perYJIBPYlOnnUi DBeBMaT&qecKd DOTetIqROMeTp;
8 - KOMaQBWI DBeBMaTBqecKRI aDDapaT; 9 - Depel(JIJO'IaTeiR> JIM DepeBOJlaCMecUTenII C aBTOMa'I'II'IecKOro
Ba pyqaoe yuplUlJleHHe; 10 - KBODKU pyqaoro JlHCTaBQBOBBOro yupaBJIeBHII; 11 - CBrBaJIbBYe nallDY
tIOJIOlfCemm DopmBeA B UDJlBllJlpax; 12 - MaBOMeTp; 13 - pacXOJlOMep Ba .lDlBBBo:rnama8.JO el BOIlY;
14 - peryJIDPOBOqRYit MaDaB; 16 - DBeBMaTJf1lecKIriI: ltBJIHBAP 3arPY30'lBOA BOpoBKU; 16 - TepMODap..;
1'1 - DBeBMaTJf1leCKBR I\IfJIIIBJlP KJIaDaJl8 DOAa'l" MIIl"IIITeJIlI; 18 - CTallIlWl rBJIpoupBBOJla; 19 - 0(1;.
paTBHa MaDaJI; "0 - peBepcBBBWt pac eJIBTeJIb C aJIeKTporBJIpallJDAeCKJIM yupaBJIeBHeM, ollecue'lllBa-
lOnnUi P&GoTY rBJIpeQ1lJIBHJlPOB DOBopoTa H a&DOpBoro yCTpoACTBa OTICBAHOR JlBepl{lol; .1 - OTICBABM JlBeplta
_Hero aaTBopa; .. - B08J1yxooxna.IUITeJIbBoe ycTpORCTBO lIJIeKTPOJlBRl'aTeJIII rJIaBBoro UPBBOJl&.
Y CTaBOBKa TepMonap B peSHHOCMeCHTeJIe SaBO)J;a «BOJIbmeBUK» nOl<aSaBa Ra
pRC. 4.17. lloBepXBOCTb KOBYCBOii aCTU rUJIb3LI TepMonapLI BMeeT TBep)J;OCTI>
HRC 58--63 Ra rJIyOHHe 1 MM, a pel<OMeBAyeMaH rJIy6HHa BBO)J;a ee B KaMepy pesu-
BOCMeCUTeJIJ'I npH ODTBMaJII>BOM yrJIe 50 0 KOJIe6JIeTCH OT 40 )J;O 60 MM )J;JIH peSHHO-
cMeCUTeJIei C KaMepOB: eMKOCTblO 250 JI.
llpo)J;OJImHTeJII>BOCTI> CMemeBlIH peryJIHpyeTcH aJIeI<TpOnBeBMaTH'leCKHM KO-
MaBABLIM npH60poM, KOTOpLIii nOAaeT 1<0MaB)J;LI Ba BLInOJIBeBHe Toii HJIU HHoii one-
pa HB B sa)J;aBBoe BpeMH - Ba OTKpLITHe BHmBero saTBopa H BLIrpysKy CMeCH.
B CJI ae nOBLImeBHH TeMnepaTypbI ClIfeCH CBepx AonycTuMoii, KaK CKasaBO BLIme,
no CHrBaJIY nOTeB OMeTpa 3JIeKTpOnBeBMaTH'leCKu:B 1<0MaBABLIii npH60p npepLI-
BaeT npo ecc CMemeBBJ'I, T. e. nOAaeT 1<0MaBJJ:y Ba aBapuiiBylO BbIrpYSKY 06pa6a-
TLIBaeMoro MaTepUaJIa.
OABa HS cxeM aBTOMaTHSa HB pa60TLI pesmOCMeCHTeJIH npe)J;CTaBJIeBa Ba
Ba pHc.4.18. 3Ta cxeMa BKJII01JaeT TPH CaMOCTOHTeJII>BbIe CUCTeMLI: nO)J;a H H OT-
BO)J;a oXJIam)J;alOm;eii BO)J;LI nO)J; )J;aBJIeBUeM 0,4 MDa; nOAa H cmaToro BOS)J;yxa nOA
141
eo:
!
:I
t
III
*
Q
!i
:!
ra
i
Q
i
GI
1
=-
I
i'
II:
Q,
&i
..
(\\
:II
Q,
IS:
eo
:II
i
Q
.
a
<>
111-
U
S'lil
..$
(\\
:II
Q,
IS:
eo
:II
i
:
Q
III
Q
Q
Q
III
III
t
*
Q
50
Q
Ie
i
(:II
Q""
II.
t'&
&:II
:I
I;
G.>
iII eG
gco
==
CO:a
t""
eG Q
i
11 111
ii
i
'-
III
I:S ..
[
Q
I:S
e...
!
IS:
Q,-
t::
,E'j
5J
-<
-
""
=
eo
:::;
....
..
,
:::;
r;..
:::;
...
...
:::;
o
CD
..-
,
;J:;
r;..
o
..
:::;
...
;J:;
...
...
:f
...
...
...
II' 'L
"
ii:
o
o
e:
;..
0;
;..
'"
[Q
'"
I' a;:"
"d;'on"
...
<II
ro
"d' 011'"
'd.onn
.:s . .!c m
Ie .:"
till . \0-
o .11: °
!S IS!
eo: .
. 'Sf!.
5 >lSlfISI!.
!"'I
III&.
<>
eo:
os
,,[oosSo
Q>Q>I:I
'"'t
" gill
o
i
C'J ....
5S
t-
$
C'J ....
U"J
o
eI>
C'J
i
C'J
i
U"Jg
c:!i....
U"Jg
c:!i....
U"JO
c:!i
U"JO
c:!i
t-OO
CQ .
. eI>
CQ
....-
_C'J
U"J
. °
:;:!:I:t
;:;J;
--
:;:!:i
r-
0>U"J
....eI>
C'Jo
I:t
eI>
eI>
-
:g:
==
eo:
==
eI>
....
C'J
CQ
@.=
lIIi
-
o
eG . .
III
eG 'eG
.
ITS t.
t:: . °
::s Q III
t
oi
a t<>:t
eo: III <.)
=:I
os
I:(
.
'= =
Q> 'Q> 'G:!
'
; .; .gt=. !
Iii '!5 .
'. Q> ...<.).
. 's Q. i
"'111:1 os
lI:eGII:eG(I):'
g.
g.
Q>
<.) :II
:II
19
i
eG!:L,eGEII: e-
ar :O::co:O::cooeo:ci =
:II
S ;
:
Q'-olll
j;Q ::s r:..
$00
00
oo
0'0'
00
r-o
11
C'JC'J
00
oo
0'0
oq
0 0
el>oo
00
el>oo
00
eI> 00
00
. I
o
o
U"J 00.
el>0
I
Oel>
ci
. I
Oel>
o'
I
Oel>
0-
.
eI>. I
Oel>
ci
011 00
eI> eI>
eI> eI>
I I
I I
I r
J I
CQ U"J
CQ U"J
CQ U"J
.
....
8
CQ
C'J_
U"J
r-
ei>
!
-
eI>
CQ
r-
U"J
*
CQ
I
r-
1
i
I
C'J
(Vj r-
I I
g
....CQ
I I J
U"J (Vj C'J
gg8
r-oo....
eI>
....
OO
$
.... (Vj r-
....
U"JC'JC'J on
r-r-o -
o>onr- ...,;
O
eI> -
.... -
U"Jr-&5 C'J
;:;
C'J
r-
U"J
:g:
O;
U"J
r-
ei>
1/j00
eI>....r-
1/j00
eI>....r-
13
888
!@
888
888
!@
,
=
.
.= .
:II
:
.
.
eG IIq
os '"'
8:11i
8
eGG:!
::s
g
....
eI>
r-:
t-
U"J
fi
o
a>
eI>
00
o
-<:'
0>
c)
-<:'
0>
ai
..
:II
I:t
:.::
'"
j;Q
:.::
o
o
C')
'"
8
;
o
:II
:i
E
=
...
:.::
.,
l'i
'"
'"
t:i
.
00
"!
AaBJIeBHeM 0,6-0,8 MDa; rH)J;p, aBJIHKH ynpaBJIHIOm;eii OTKpLITHeM OTKB,tJ;Boit
BepO;LI BBmBero saTBopa H sanopBoro YCTpoiicTBa 1Jepes peBepcHBHLIii pacnpe)J;e-
HTeJIL 20 C aJIeKTporB)J;paB
eCKBM ynpaBJIeBBeM.
BOAa npoxo)J;HT 1Jepes C1JenBR pacxoAa B cl>BJILTP (Ha pBCyBKe He nOlcaS8BL1),
nOCJIe KOToporo YCTaBOBJIeH MaBOMeTp 12 H perYJIHpOB01JBLIii KJIanaB 14, B DOCTY-
naeT B pacnpe)J;eJIBTeJILBYIO rpeoeBKY; )J;aJIee OHa BanpaBJIHeTCH AJIH OXJIam)J;eBIIJI
RaMepLI, rpysa BepXBero saTBopa, )J;BepO;LI HBmBero saTBopa, a TaRme K BOS,!{yXO-
.ox;rIaABTeJILBOMy YCTpoiicTBY 22 aJIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJIH rJIaBBoro DpHBO)J;a; peryJIBpO-
BO
HLlii KJI8DaB 14 ynpaBJIHeTCH TepMoDapoii 16, YCTaBOBJIeBBOii B 60KOBHHe Ka-
MepLI, B nOTeB
OMeTpOM 7.
B03AYx npOXOAHT 1Jepes MaCJIOpaCnLIJIHTeJIL (Ba pHCyBKe He nOKasaB), sa
KOTOpLIM YCTaBOBJIeB MaBOMeTp 1, H nocTynaeT K aJIeKTpOMarHHTBLIM KJIanaBaM 2,
/) B 4, ynpaBJIHIOJD.IIM COOTBeTCTBeBBO pa60Toii
JIHB)J;pa YCTpoiicTBa )J;JIH nO)J;a1JH
il{BAKBX KOMnOBeBTOB,
JIHH)J;pa sarpyso1JBoii BOpOBKH H BepXBero saTBopa.
llOTpe6JIeBHe MOm;BOCTH perHcTpHpyeTcH CaMODHm
HM B8TTMeTpOM, yCTaBO-
BJIeBBLIM Ba nyJILTe ynpaBJIeBHH.
B Ta6JI. 4.2 npBBe)J;eBLI TeXBH1JeCKHe XapaRTepHCTBRH pesHBOCMeCHTeJIeii
nepHOAB1JeCKOrO )J;eiicTBHH, BLIDycKaeMLIx BeKOTOpYMH sapyoemBLIMB cl>upMaMH.
4.3.6. npOHSBoAHTenbHocTb pesHHocMeCHTenft
nepHOAH
eCKoro AeAcTBHR
DpOHSBoABTeJILBOCTL pe3HBOCMeCBTeJIH SaBHCHT OT MBorHX cl>aRTOPOB, BO
npH Dp01JHX paBBLlX yCJIOBHHX OBa B DepBYIO 01Jepe)J;L saBHCHT OT 06'LeMa H Koa«l>-
'«I>HO;BeHTa SanOJIBeBHH KaMepLI. DPOHsBO)J;HTeJILBOCTL (B Kr/1J) saKpLIToro pesHBo-
MeCHTeJIH nepHo
ecKoro )J;eiiCTBHH onpe)J;eJIHIOT no cf>opMYJIe
Q=60 Vypa
t
rAe V - CB060AHLIii 06'&911 KaMepH CMemeBUJI, Jl; y - DJIOTBOCTI> peaDBoBoii ClleCJI, Rr/ll.; p-
KoaMun:UeBT 3anOJlBeBBR KaMepH CMemeBBJI (p = 0,55 + 0,60);
- Ko
esT BCUOJll>aO-
saKUR MamBBBOrO BpelleBB (
= 0,8 + 0,9); t - npOAOmKBTeJlLBOCTr. n;m(Jla cMemesUJI, MBB.
4.4. CMECHTEnH HEnPEPblBHOrO AEACTBHft
"YBeJIH1JeBHe
aCTOTLI Bpa
eBBH pOTOpOB H )J;aBJIeBHH Ha CMeCI>, nOBLImeHHe
MO
HOCTH B T. A. npHBeJIO K BBTeBcHcI>HKaO;HB npoo;ecca CMemeBHH B pesHHocMe
CBTe.1IHX nepBOAH'IeCKOrO AeiicTBHH, a CJIe)J;oBaTeJILBO, H K POCTY TeMnepaTypLI
06pa6aTLIBaeMOro MaTepHaJia. B pesYJILTaTe BeAOCTaT01JBO 6LICTporo oXJIam)J;eBHH
TeMnepaTypa CMeCH nOBLImaeTCH )J;O 140 °C H 60JIee, BCJIe)J;CTBHe 1Jero npoo;ecc CMe-
meBBH npHXO)J;HTCH BeCTH B )J;Be CTaAIIH, a npa nOBLImeBBH TeMnepaTypLI CBepx
onycTHMoro npeAeJIa BLIrpymaTL CMeCL Dpem)J;eBpeMeHHO. ,I(pyrHM Be)J;OCTaTKOM
pesIfHOCMeCHTeJIeii nepHO)J;H1JeCKOro )J;eiicTBHH HBJIHeTCH BepaBBOMepBoe nOTpe6JIe-
BHe MO
BOCTH B Te1JeBHe
KJIa CMemeBHH, 1JTO npHBO)J;HT K YBeJIH1JeBHIO yCTaBOB-
JIeBBOii MOJD.HOCTH H YAopomaBHIO yCTaBaBJIHBaeMOro aJIeKTpo060py)J;oBaBHH npH-
BO)J;a.
B nOHCl<aX BOSMomBOCTH AaJILBeiimeii HBTeBcHcI>BRaO;IIH Dpoo;ecca CMemeHHH,
.a TaKiI\e C03)J;aBHH BenpepLIBBoro aBTOMaTHSHpOBaBBoro npoo;ecca B Te1JeBHe DO-
CJIeABI'IX JIeT BeAyTcH pa60TLI no C03)J;aHHIO pe3HHOCMeCHTeJIH BenpepLIBBoro AeiicT-
BHH. Ha
Bo-HCCJIe)J;oBaTeJILCKHl\f HHCTHTYTOM mHBBoii npOMLImJIeBBOCTH CCCP
:H pH)J;OM sapy6emBLIx cl>HpM COS)J;aBLI onLITBLIe H npOHSBO)J;CTBeBBLIe peSHHOCMe-
CHTeJII>BLIe yCTaBoBKH HenpepLIBBoro )J;eiiCTBlIH. B 60JILmBBCTBe CJI
aeB peSHHO-
cMecHTeJII'I BenpepLIBHoro AeiicTBHH npeACTaBJIHIOT c060ii Mammy 1JepBH
Boro
"lHna C OABBM HJIB BeCI<OJII>KBMH pOTopaMH (1JepBHKaMH).
143
CMeCHTeJII> Benpep"&lBBorO )J;eiiCTBHH neeT PHA npeHM ecTB nepe)J; CMeCHTe-
JIeM nepHo)J;H ecKoro AeiicTBHH. B 1JaCTBOCTB, HHTeBCHBBOCTI> CMemeBBJI Bospac-
TaeT B 3-4 pasa (no cpaBBeBHIO co CMeCHTeJIeM nepHO)J;H'leCKOrO )J;eiicTBHH C aCTO-
Toii Bpam;eBHH pOTOpOB 40 H 30 06/MHB) 6JIaro)J;apH 06pasoBaBHIO 60JII>moro HCJIa
nOTOKOB CMeCH MeBLmero ce eBHH C BOSpOCmBMH B HHX yCHJIHJ'IMH H Aeq.opMa JIMB
C)J;BHra. TeMnepaTypa CMeCR COCTaBJIHeT 06LI1JBO 85-100 °C, B TO BpeMH l<aK B CMe-
CHTeJIe nepHOAH'leCI<Oro )J;eiiCTBBH OHa pUBa 140-150°C, 1JT0 001>HCHHeTCH JI -
mHMH YCJIOBHJ'IMH OXJIam)J;eBHJ'I, B aCTBOCTB 60JILmeii DOBepXBOCTl>1O OXJIa>KAeBHH,
npHxO)J;Hm;eiicH Ba eADB y 061>eMa CMeCH. RpOMe Toro, nOTpe6JIHeMaH MOJD.BOCTI>
O)J;maKoBa B Te eBHe Bcero npoo;ecca cMemeBHH, TO DOSBOJISleT CBH3HTI> Ba 30-40%
MOm;BOCTI> aJIeKTpO)J;BHraTeJIH rJIaBBOrO npHBOAa. YMeBl>malOTCH TaKme MeTaJI-
JIOeMKOCTL H CTOBMOCTL YCTaBOBKB. O)J;BaKo SBa HTeJII>BO OCJIOmBHeTCH CHCTeMa
nOAa'IH n: paSBeCKH MaTepHaJIa, KOTopaH )J;OJImBa 06ecne1JHT1> T01JBOCTL AOSHpOBa-
HBH O)J;BOBpeMeBBO nOAaBaeMLIX KOMnOBeBTOB U Benpep"&lBBOCTI> nHTaBHH MamHHLI.
llpOXOAHT HCnLITaBHe peSHBOCMeCHTeJII> Benpep"&lBBOro )J;eiicTBHH epBJ'I1JBorO
THna npOH3BOAHTeJILBOCTLIO 2-4 T/1J. OCBoBBLle napaMeTpLI aToro CMeCHTeJIJI
DpHBOAHTCH BHme:
POTOpH
'UlCJIO ...............
ABaMeTp, MM . . . . . . . . . . . .
paCCTOHBB8 Mem.n;y OCHMB 'IepBHKOB, MM
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eBBJI, 06/MBB .....
3J1eKTpOABDraTeJIb DpBBO,ll;a
TBD .........
MOm;BOCTb, KBT . . . .
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eSBIt, 06/MBB .
BJIOK-peAYKTOp OABOcTyoeB'lamB
nepe.n;aTO'UlOe 'UlCJlO . . . . . .
PaeXOA BO,II;H sa OXJIam.n;eBBe, 1013/'1
p93BBOCMecBTe.I1JI .......
B08AYXOOXJI8ABTeJlH lJIeKTpOJJ:BBraTeJIJI npB-
BOAa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
432
400
20-100
CnC-18-75-5
800
135-405
2-4
85
42
PeSHHOCMeCI'ITeJIL pa60TaeT B arperaTe C 1JepBH1JBoii MamHHOB: mM-250, yCTaBaBJIH-
BaeMoii nO)J; CMeCHTeJIeM.
3apy6emBLIe q.HpMLI BLInYCKalOT BeCKOJII>KO THnOB CMeCHTeJIeB: BeDpep"&lBBOrO
)J;eiiCTBHH, BaH60JIee HSBeCTHLlMH HS 1<0TOpLIX HBJIHIOTCH O;D;HOPOTOpBLIii CMeCHTeJII>
«POTOMllJIJI» q.HpMLI «rY)J;pH'l» (CillA) B ABYXPOTopBLIe CMeCHTeJIH q.UpMLI « appen
(CillA).
,
z
G
5
9 8
8
Pac. 4.t9. OPOpOTOpBHB CMeCDTeJIb BenpepHBBoro AeiicTBBIi «POTOMDJIJI»:
1 - KOPDYC UOJllllBDBllJla; ,- BepXBIIII ..aCT!> Ropuyca CMecBTeJIJI; a - BTOpU aarpyaoqsu BOpoBKa; 4-
DepBU aarpyaouu BopoBKa; 6 - POTOP; 6 - upnoJlHoA KOHeJt pOTOpa; ., - Bml<HJlII ..aCT!> Kopuyea; 8-
DOnOCTb Jlnll OXJI8H<A8101itea BOJlY; 9 - pe&BHOB8JI CMecI>.
CMeCHTeJIL «POTOMHJIJI» nOKaSaB CXeMa eCI<H Ba pHC. 4.19. POTOp 5 KOBH-
1JecKoii q.OpMLI C pHq.aMB, BLInOJIBeHH"&IMH no BHHTOBOii JIHIIHH C yrJIOM 75 0 K 06pa-
sYIOm;eii (c YMeBl>meBHeM aToro yrJIa npOHSBOAHTeJILBOCTI> CMeCHTeJISI nOBLImaeTCH),
144
Bpam;aeTCH B 1<0BH eCI<OM Kopnyce 2, 7. 3asop Mem)J;y rpe6BeM pHq.a H cTeBKoR
Kopnyca COCTaBJIHeT 0,5 MM; ero MomHO perYJIUpOBaTL HSMeBeHHeM BsaUMHoro
DOJIomeBHH pOTopa 1'1 Kopnyca CMeCHTeJIH B oceBOM HanpaBJIeBHH. HBrpeAUeHTLI
sarpymalOTcH B BOpOBKH 3,4 B, DpOp;aBJII'IBaHCI> epes MaJIHii sasop MemAY rpe6BeM
pHq.a pOTopa H cTeHKoii Kopnyca, nO)J;8.IOTCH R pasrpyso BOMY KOB y pOTopa.
3TH CMeCHTeJIH 06eCne1JHBa1OT BLICOKyIO HHTeBCHBHOCTI> npo ecca, O)J;BaKO mHpo-
Koro pacnpOCTpaBeBHH B npOMLImJIeBHOCTH ORB nOKa Be nOJI HJIH.
(J>upMa «$appeJI» (CIDA) npOHSBOAUT ABYXPOTopBHe CMeCHTeJIH HeDpepLIBBoro
AeiicTBHH )J;JIJ'I nepBoii CTaAHH DpHrOTOBJIeBHH CMeCH UJIH nepepa60TKH ee Ha BTO-
poii CTa)J;HH, a Tal<a<e )J;JIH nO)J;orpeBa CMeCH nepe)J; nHTaBBeM KaJIaBAPOB H epBJ'I'l-
HLIX MamUB. B nOCJIeABHe rO)J;LI B CIDA, ABrJIHB U q>pr B"ID eBLI BOBLIe C'MeCH-
TeJIH Benpepl>IBBOrO AeiicTBUH THDa «IDepMIIRc» H «TpaBc4>epMHI<C».
$HpMa «BepBep - Dq.JIJ'IiiAepep» BLlDYCKaeT CMeCBTeJIB TBna «TpaHcq.epMHKC)
CJIe)J;YIOm;HX paSMepOB:
MapKa MamBBH R3 1/4 R4 1/4 R6 R8 RiO R12 R15 R21
)J;UaM9Tp 'Iep-
BHKa, 11M 102/83 140/115 190/152 254/203 318/254 381/305 470/380 660/534
06m;uii BH)J; CMeCHTeJIH TUna «TpaB$pMJIRCJ} R 21 C pOTopaMH )J;HaMeTpOM
534 MM H DpHBO)J;OM MOm;HOCTI>IO BOO KBT cf)HpMLI «BepBep - Dq.JIH:B)J;epep)'
($pr) nOl<aSaB Ha pHC. 4.20. Pa60Ta TaROro CMeCHTeJIH OCHOBaBa Ha TOM, TO 1Jep-
BHK CMeCHTeJIH, KaK Hero KOpnyC, BMeeT KOBH1JeCKyIO pesL6y, BO aTU BapeSI<H
npOTHBOnOJIOmBO BanpaBJIeHLI, 6JIarO)J;apH eMy )J;oCTBraeTCH BBTeBCHBBoe nepe-
MemHBaBHe KOMnOBeBTOB CMeCH H paSBHBalOTCH OOJIl>mBe cpeSLIBalOm;He yCHJIHH,
1JeM B 06LI BO:B epBJ'I1JBOii MamHHe.
TeXH eCKaH XapaRTepHCTlIRa CMeCHTeJIH «TpauCcf}ePMHI<C» R 21 npHBe)J;eBa,
Bume:
npOB8BO TeJlbBOCTb, Kr/'I
E BoBpeMeBBaH 3arpY3Ka, Kr
Pa3MepH 'IepBHKa, 11M
AJiUBa .......
ABaMeTp
B 30Be 3arpys1UI .
B 30Be Depepa60TKB .
qacTOTa BplUI(eBBH, 06/WlB
MODUlOCT:& 8J1eKTpOABBraTeJlIt
npBBona, KBT ..............
ra6apoTBHe paSMepH (6ea 8J1eKTpoABBraTeu), )()(
AJIBBa .
mBpRBa
BHOOTa ...................
15 000
500
8,2D
660
. 534
. 1,5-15
1100
10800
7300
3580
'tJepBJ'IK HMeeT eTLIpe SOBLI CMemeBJUl. MaIIDma BLlnycKaeTcSI C OABHK
H C ABYMH TOJIKalOm;HMH YCTpoiicTBaMB )J;JIH sarpYSKH MaTepHa,na.
Ha pHC. 4.21, a nOKasaBa cxeMa o)J;BocTa)J;HiiBoro CMeCHTeJIJ'I «Tp8.Hc4>epMHKC»,
HS KOTOpoii BH)J;BO, TO BI>ICOTa HapeSKH pOTopa I y6LIBaeT OT sarpyso Boro KOBo;a
K BLIXO)J;y, a pesL6a Kopnyca 2 COOTBeTCTBeBBO YBeJI HBaeTCH. B pesYJII>TaTe
aToro CMeCI> nepe)J;aBJIHBaeTCJ'I HS BHTI<OB pesL6LI pOTopa B pesl>6y KopDyca; TaRoii
nepexo)J; CMeCH ocym;eCTBJIHeTCH B l<amAOM BUTKe (pHC. 4.21, a). 3a BpeMH Dpoxom-
)J;eBHH MaTepHaJIa 'Iepes CMeCHTeJIIt OB )J;eJIaeT TaKoii DepeXO)J; o)J;m pas; B aTOM
CJIY1Jae «Tp8.Hcq.epMHI<C) BaSI>IBaeTCH OABocTyne aTLIM BJIH OABOCT8AHiiBLIM CMe-
CHTeJIeM. DepeXOA CMeCH HS peSI>6LI B )J;pyrylO epes MaJILIii sasop Mea<,!{y BBTKaMH'
06eCne'lHBaeT HHTeHCHBBoe nepeMeDIBBaBBe H rOMoreBBsao;HIO CMeCB.
,I(BYXCTaAHiiBLIii «TpaBcq.epMHKC) nOKasaB Ba pHC. 4.21, 6. B aToii MamHBe
CMeCL )J;Bam)J;LI nepeXOAHT HS pOTopa B I<opnyc. HHTeBcHBHoCTL nepeMemHBaBHJ'I
B TaKOM CMeCBTeJIe BLIme, 'IeM B o)J;BocTaAriBoM, ee MomHO perYJIHpOBaTL Be-
JIB'UlBoii sasopa Mem)J;y BHTKaMH pesL61>I, C)J;BHraH pOTOp B oceBOM BanpaBJIeBHB.
10 3aR&a 163 145-
rOJIOBKa 4. Pe)J;YKTop 10 coe)J;HBHeTCH C 3JIeKTpOABUraTeJIeM nOCTOHBBoro TOKa
12 MOm;BOCTLIO 800 KBT, Sal<pLITLIM, npucnOC06JIeBHI>1M )J;JIJ'I pa60TLI B cpeAe, sa-
nLIJIeHBOii cameii. 3JIeKTpo)J;BBraTeJIL OXJIam;D.aeTCH BOSAYXOM, KOTOpWB nO)J;aeTCH
BeBTHJIHTOpOM 13. BOSAYX D.HPKYJIUPyeT no BOS,nYXOBO)J;aM 15 H 16 H OXJI8iK-
;D.aeTCH, npoxo;D.J'I
epes BOAHBOii BOS)J;YXOOXJIa;D.RTeJII>.
CxeMaTR
eCI<Hii paspes no Kopnycy peSHBOCMeCHTeJIH BenpepLIBBoro )J;eiicT-
BHH PCH
-380/450-1 nOKasaB Ba puc.4.23. He)J;opa60TaBHaH peSHHOBaH CMeCL
nocTynaeT B sarpysotIHoe YCTpoiicTBO U npH nOMOJD.1I TOJJI<8TeJIH 18 nBeBMaTH1JeC-
I<oro )J;eiicTBI1JI nOAaeTCH B sarpysotlBYIO cel<IJ.1!1O pesBBocMeCHTeJIH, rAe
saXBaTWBaeTCH
epBHKOM 8, 1!MeroJD.l'IM Ba
aTOM yqaCTl<e AByxsaXOABYIO
IJ.HJIUHAPH
eCI<YIO pe31-6y. qepBHK npOTaJJKBBaeT CMeCI> B Cel<IJ.HIO
CMemeBBH 9, TlI,e fJIy61'1Ha peSI>6LI qepBHKa nOCTeneDBO YMeBLmaeTcH,
a rJJy6BDa peSI>6Li Iwp.:yca YEE'Jll'I'HII!a€TCH, H ClIf€CI> nOCTeneDHO lIS BHTI<OB
pesL6LI '1fpFHI\a nepfXO)lD'I B PD'1KH peSI:tl>1 I I\Ornyca mpBoii nOJIOBHHLI
I, ,6 7 8 9 70 17 12
13
II,
16 /5
PBC. 4.22. 'YcTaBoBKa pe3BBOCIl9CUTeJlR BenpephIBBoro .n;eBCTBBR PCH
-380J450-1:
1 - DJIHTa; 2 - nOCTa)leHT; 3 - BCDOMoraTeJIbBali ODopa; 4 - rp8HYJIJlPYJOIltM ronoBKa; 6 - ceKD;IIJI BllU\aBJIH.
BaBUII; 6, 7 - CeKIn!u cMemeuu; 8 - ceJ<W!1I sarpYSKU; 9 - 3arpY30'IBoe ycTpOaCTBO; 10 - peJlyJl'lOp; 11 -
3y6'18TaJI MyejlTa; 12 - aneKTpO,ItBuraTeJIb; 18 - BeRTHJIllTOP 06J1yaKB 8neJC'J'JlOJIBuraT€JIII; 14 - B03J1yXooxna-
JlIITeJIb; 16, 16 - BOSAYXOBOAY.
Cel<D.HH CMemeHlJH 9. Ha npOTHmeBHH BTOpoii DOJIOBHBW CeKI(BU CMeme-
HHH 9 npOHCXO)J;BT 06paTHaH KapTuaa: rJIy6HHa pesl>6L1 1JepBHKa YBeJIH1JBBaeTCH,
a rJIy6HBa peSI>6LI Kopnyca YMeBbmaeTcH, H CMeCI> HS BHTKOB peSI>6LI Kopnyca
CBOBa nepeXO)J;HT B BHTKH peSI>6LI
epBHKa H nO)J;aeTCH 1JepBHKOM B CJIe)J;YIOJD.YIO
eeKl(B1O CMemeBBH, r)J;e npo
ecc nOBTOpHeTCH. Dpu DepeXO)J;e HS BHTKOB peSl>6LI
epBHKa B BHTKH pesb6LI I<opnyca peSHBOBaH CMeCI> npeTepneBaeT BBTeBCHBHLIe
Ae<l>opMaD.HI'I CABHra H cpesa H xopomo nepeMeml'lBaeTCH. rpe6HH BIITKOB Kopnyca
H
epBHl<a BanJIaBJIeHLI TBepALIM CDJIaBOM. 'tJepBJ'IK, pa60TaIOm.Hii B THmeJILIX
YCJIOBHHX, BLInOJIBeB HS CTaJIH 40X. .
lis CeKI(BH CMemeB1!H 11 pesHBoBaH CMeCI> nocTynaeT B ce
UIO BW)J;aBJIHBa-
BHH 13, a saTeM - B rOJIOBKY 17, no BLIXOAe BS KOTOpOB paspesaeTCH Ra rpaBYJILI
Bpa
alOm.HMCH HO>I,eBLIM YCTpoiicTBOM, npHBOAJIMWM B )J;Bu:meRHe OT 1JepBJ'IKa. B KOp-
nyce sarpysOqBOH CeKD.HH 4 sanpeCCOBaBa fHJILSa 5, 06pasYIOJD.aH C KopnycoM
nOJIOCTI> 6 )J;JIH oXJIam)J;alOm;eii BO)J;hI. Kopnyca 9 OCTaJII>BLlX ceK
JDfelOT cHapymH
pe6pa, K KOTOpLIM npnBapeBa py6aml<a 10, 06paSYIOJD.aH C pe6paMH nOJIOCTH 11
)J;JIH OXJIamAaIO
eii BO)J;I>I. TeMnepaTypa oXJIaa<)J;aIOJD.eB BOAW perYJIHpyeTCH,
H TeM caMhlM perYJIUpyeTcH TeMnepaTypa SOB peSHBOCMeCUTeJIH. TaKHX SOB pery-
JIHpOBaBBH TeMnepaTYPLI meCTI>: SODa rOJIOBI<H., SOB a ceK
H BLI)J;aBJIHBaBHH,
10. 147
)J;Be SOBLI ceKD;D CMemeBBJ'I, SORa sarpYSKH It SOBa 1JepBJ'IKa. B Kam)J;YIO SOBY
BO)J;a nO)J;aeTCH caMOCTOHTeJII>HLIM
pKyJIH
OBRLIM
eBTpo6emHLIM BaCOCOM
1,5 R-6.
Ropnyc sarpyso1JBoii ceKo;mt 4 COeAHBeB C KopnycoM pe,!{yRTopa DpoMemYTo
-
Boii BCTaBKoii 2, B ROTOpoii paSMem;eB paADaJII>Ho-ynopmm DO):(DIJIIIBHR 3.
,l(JIma rpaRYJI MomeT MeBHTI>CH nYTeM HSMeBeBBJ'I CKOpOCTI'I Bpam.eHBJ'I Bome-
Boro YCTpoiicTBa sa C1JeT CMeBBLIX mecTepReii DpHBO)J;a.
PesHBoCMeCmeJII> BenpepLIBBoro )J;eiiCTBHH PCH,l(-380/45Q-1 npeARaSRa1JeR
,lJ;JlH pa60TLI B OABOii TeXBOJIorH1JeCKOii JImDnI C peSHHOCMeCHTeJIeM nepHo
eCKoro
eiicTBHH 250-80, B 1<0TOpOM npOHCXOADT nepBaH CTaAHH CMemeBHH; peSHROByIO
CMeCI> OB nOJI
aeT OT nOCJIe)J;Bero.
HHme npHBe)J;eBa KpaTl<aH TeXBH1JeCKaH Xapal<TepHCTHKa pesuBocMeCHTeJIH
PCH,l(-380/45Q-1 (HR)J;eKc MamBBLI 2H121):
npOS3BO,!tBTeJlbBOCTb, T/'I.
,!(BaMeTp qepBIIKa, MM . . .
tJaCTOTa Bpa
eBBII 'l.epBHKa, 06/MDB .
PerYJlBpOBaBBe CKOpOCTR Bpa
eBRH qepBHKa
npe.n;en perYJIBpOB8HHH TeMIIepaTypH, °C
qBCJlO 30B perynBpoBaBRR
,!(aBneBBe, Mna
BOAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B03.n:yXa ..............
PacxOA, 101 3 /'1.
BOAH Ba OXJlam.n;eBHe peaHBocM9CHTenH
BO.!(b1 1Ia OXJlam.n;eBDe B03AyxooxJlaAH-
TeJlH ............
B08Ayxa . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . .
3neKTpOABBraTeJlb npllBoAa nOCTOHBBoro
TOKa
TBn . . . . . . . . . .
MO
OCTb, KBT ....
'laCTOTa Bp
eBBH, 06/MBB . . .
Pe
YRTOp npllBoAa AByxcTyneBqamB
nepeAaTO'1BOe qBCnO . . . . . . .
BeBTBMTOp 9J1eKTpOJI,BRraTeJlH opllBoAa
3J1eKTpOABRraTeJIb BeBTBnRTOpa
TBD . . . . . . . . . . .
MO
OCTb, KBT .....
qaCTOTa Bp
eBRH, 06/MRB
ra6apBTBHe pa8MepH, 101M
AnUBa .
'. mHpBBa
BHCOTa
Macca, T
5-8
380/450
10-40
BeccTyneH'laTOe
20-140
6
6
6
60
42
350
cnC18-75-5K
800
135
10
Q-4-70 .N2 10
A02-71-4
22
1460
10925
7800
2850
. 69
PeSBBOCMeCHTeJIH nepHo
ecKoro H BenpepLIBBoro )J;eiicTBHH pa60TaroT
co BcnOMOraTeJII>BLIMH YCTpoiicTBaMI'I )J;JIH C'l>eMa, oXJIamAeBHH, CymKH H pesKH
MaTepHaJIOB, C TpaBcnOpTHLIMH YCTpoiiCTBaMH (CM. rJI. 3), a TaKme C 06oPYAoBa-
SHeM paSBeCKH 1'1 )J;OSHpOBaBUH (CM. rJI. 5).
rJlABA5
CHCTEMbl H 060PY.D.OBAHHE ABTOMA TH3A HH
npO ECCOB nPHrOTOBnEHHfI PE3HHOBbiX CMECEIII
5.1. nOTOYHO-ABTOMA THYECKHE nHHHH
nPHrOTOBnEHHH PE3HHOBbiX CMECEfi (nAn)
B aBToMaTHsHpoBaBBLIx npoo;eccax npnrOTOBJIeBHH pesHHoBLIX cMeceii HapHAY
C OCBOBBLIM TeXBOJIOrH1JeCI<HM 060PY)J;OBaHHeM (peSHBOCMeCHTeJIH, BaJII> hJ, 1Jep-
BH1JBWe MamBHLI B AP.) npHMeHHeTcH pasBo06paSHoe 060PY)J;OBaHHe AJIH MexaBH-
aaO;HH BcnOMOraTeJILBLIX TeXBOJIorH1JeCKBX npoo;eccoB, CBHsaBBLIX C xpaHelfHeM,
nOArOTOBl<oii, AosHpoBaBHeM H nOAa eii B CMeCHTeJII>BLIe arperaTLI TBep)J;wx B mBA-
KHX MaTepBaJIOB.
ROMnJIeKC TeXHOJIOrH1JeCKOrO 060PYAOBaBHH H 060PYAOBaBHH AJIH MexaBHsa-
D;HH OCBOBBLIX H BcnOMOraTeJILBLIX TeXHOJIOrll'leCKHX npoo;eccoB, 06ecne HBaIOJD.Hii
npoBeAeHHe Bcex onepaO;Hii O;HI<JIa npHrOTOBJIeBHH pesHHoBLIX cMeceii: B yCTaBOBJIeB-
Hoii nOCJIeAOBaTeJILBOCTH B YCJIOBHJ'IX nOTO Boro npoBsBoAcTBa npH aBTOMaTHSH-
pOBaBHoM ynpaBJIeBHH no saAaBBOH nporpaMMe, HBJIHeTCH OCBOBOii nOTO HO-
aBTOMaTH eCI<HX JIHBHii npHrOTOBJIeBHH pesHBollLIX cMeceii (DAJI). 'tJHCJIO nOT01JBO-
aBTOMaTH1JeCKBX JIHHHii, 1<0TOpOe MomeT BI<JIIO aTI> COBpeMeBBLIii nO)J;rOTOBHTeJII>HLlii
ex, )J;OCTHraeT 15-20 npH YCJIOBHH, TO 060pY)J;oBaHHe )J;JIH npHeMa, xpaBe-
BBH, nO)J;rOTOBKH H BBYTpHo;exOBoro TpaBcnopTHpOBaHHH l<aY1JYRoB B BBrpeAHeB-
TOB peSHBOBLIX cMeceii HBJJHeTCH 06JD.HM AJIH Bcex JJHHD BJIH HX onpeAeJIeHHLI
rpynn.
)J;JIJ'I npBrOTOBJIeBBH pesHBoBLIX cMeceii K pesHBocMeCBTeJIHM Be06xoJJ:HMO
nOAaTI> co cKJIaAoB CHpLH KOMnoBeBTLI, Bxo)J;HJD.He B COCTaB cMeceii, AosHpoBaTJ>
HX CJIe)J;yeT cTporo B COOTBeTCTBHB C peo;enTaMH npHrOTaBJIHBaeMHx cMeceii H sa-
rpymaTI> nOJI eBBLIe AOSLI B pesHBocMeCHTeJIH B onpe)J;eJIeBBOB: nOCJIe)J;oBaTeJIL-
HOCTH H B s8AaHHoe BpeMH. B saBBCBMOCTB OT npOAOJImHTeJII>BOCTH . BKJIOB CMeme-
BHH H npOHsBOAHTeJII>BOCTH K KamAoMY pesBHOCMeCHTeJIIO B CyTKB Be06xo)J;BMO
nOAaTL AO 20-25 T paSJIII'IBLIX MaTepHaJIOB: )J;JIH 60JII>mBX nO)J;rOTOBBTeJII>BLIX
exoB, B KOTOpLIX 1JHCJIO pesHBocMeCHTeJIeii )J;OCTHraeT 20 H 60JIee, KOJIH1JeCTBo-
nO)J;aBaeMhIX MaTepHaJIOB B CYTI<H )J;OXO)J;HT AO 400. T H BLIme.
Ha Bel<OTOpLIX saBO)J;ax PTH npHMeHHeTCH )J;O 1500 pe enTOB peSHBOBLIX
cltleceii, B TOM HCJIe TOJIIoI<O OCBOBHLIX peo;enTOB - OKOJJO 500. Ha saBoAax peSHHO-
Boii 06YBH 1JHCJIO peo;enTOB npeBLlmaeT 200. B mHHBOM npoHsBo)J;cTBe, rAe CneO;HaJIB-
saO;HH saBO)J;OB npOBO)J;HTCH 60JIee 1JeTKO, BCJIO peo;efiTOB SBa HTeJII>BO MeBl>me.
PeSKO KOJIe6JIeTCH paSMep AOSLI MaTepHaJIa B OABOii sanpaBKe - OT 300-500 r
(B Bel<OTOpLIX CJI aHX H MeBLme 300) )J;O AeCHTKOB Kr. ECJIH eCTI> TeBAeHD;HIo-
I< COKpaJD.eBBIO O;HKJIa CMemeBHH B COBpeMeBBLIX 6LICTPOXOABHX peSBHOCMeCHTe-
JIHX H TO, TO B BaCTOHm;ee BpeMH BKJI nepBOB: CTa)J;HH CMemeBBSI (npH )J;BYXCTa-
AHiiHLIX npoo;eccax npHrOTOBJIeBHH peSHHOBLIX cMeceii) cOKpam;eB )J;O 2-2,5 MHB
1'1 MeHLme, TO CTaBOBHTCJ'I 01JeBU)J;HLIM, TO 06ecne eBHe nOAa H, )J;OSHpOBaBBSI
H sarpYSKH TaKoro KOJIll'leCTBa pasBo06paSHLIX 1<0MnOBeBTOB - sQJJ:a a O eBIt
CJIOmHaH, )J;JIH BLlDOJIBeHHH KOTOpoii Tpe6yeTcH pasBo06paSHoe 060pY)J;OBaBHe; Tal<aH
sa)J;a1Ja MomeT 6LITI> pemeBa TOJII>I<O B yCJIOBHHX nOT01JHOrO npOBSBO)J;CTBa Ba aBTO-
MaTH eCI<HX JIHBBHX. Pa60Ta DAJI MomeT C01JeTaTI>CH C Be60JII>IIJ1DI ROJlH1JeCTBOl..
p HLIX onepa - 3TO B OCBOBBOM norpYS01JBO-pasrpYSO BLle onepa Ba
npOMemYT01JBhIX aCTKax xpaHeHBH CLIpl>H H nOJIycl>a6pBKaTOB.
tOO
OOOPY)J;OBaHHe OT)J;eJIeHHJ'I paSBeCRB MomeT ROMnOHOBaTI>CJ'I paSJIB1JBHM oopa-
30M, H B saBBCBMocm OT 8Toro Ba aaBO)J;ax npBMeHJ'IIOTCJ'I HB)J;HBH)J;yaJII>BM, eHT-
paJlIISOB8.HHaH BJIB ROMOHBBpOBaHHaJ'I CHCTeMLI OCHaCTRH CMeCIITeJII>BLIX arpera-
'TUB YKaSaHJ1bIl\f 060py)J;OBaHBeM.
" '.
PIIC. 5.1. np lDIJIanr.Baa CXeMaIlB.l(BB yaJIr.Boii OCBaCTKB 060pY,!{OBallBeM aBTOMQTD'l9CROii
paaBeCKIl peamOCMecDTeJllI ,!{nJi o,II.BoCTa,!{uiiBoro Dpo ecca DpBrOTOBnesllJl peamoBHx cMeceii:
1 - lIPoJl;ysOqllYa lIaK; 2 - aBTOllaftq€CKBe BeChl THUa 4,IXnC-5 JlJIII MIIl"IIITenea; 8 - aBTOllaftq€CKBe Becw
THUa 4.u;nC-1 fi JlJIII MIIl"IB'I'eJIea; 4 - m1PKYJIIII!BOBHYe Tpyl!oUPOBOJIY AJIII MIII"IBTeJIel; 5 - paCXoAlIYe lIyJI-
Repa P;JIII CaJRH; 6 - DBTaTeJIH C UorpymHYMII CKpeliKaArB AJIII C81RH; 'I - aBTOJlla €CRue seChl AJIFI CaJRB;
8 - sarpyao'DIaJI eMKOCTb JlJIII camu; 9 - pe8B110CMeCIITeJIb PC-2fiO-30; 10 - RlDKel<TOp; 11 - ManaR; 12 -
paCJ:OAHY8 lI}'HRep 1J;JlII cepr.r; 13 - DIITaTeJIb BullpollIReKOBya; 14 - aBTOMaftqeCKUe B€CY THUa 0.u;CC-5;
15 - paCJ:OAIIYI IIYBKep AJIII mmeBoA lIarBe8HB; 16 - DHTaTenb BHllpomReKOBW; 1'1 - aBTOMaftq€CKue
secr.r Tuoa 0,IXCC-20; 18 - pacJ:oJllIYe lIyRKepa 1J;JIII YCKopllTeJlel; 19 - aBTOMaTB'f€CKue BeCY THUa 0.u;n-2;
30 - sarpysoquafi eMKOCTf> JlJIII cePY; 21 - sarpyao'IHaJI eMKOCTb 1J;JIII mmeBol MarUe8UU; Illl - sarpysomaR
eMROCTb JlJlII YCKOpBTeJleA; 28 - pacxOJllIYe IIYBKepa 1J;JIII DpOTBBOCTapllTeJlel; 24 - aBTOMaftqeCKBe secy
THUa 0.u;n-2; 25 - KOIlTeilBep nep€JIBHIf(BOa; 116 - MOBOPem.COSaJI Aopora; 2'1 - paCJ:OAlIHa lI}'HRep JlJIII MeJIa;
28 - DlITaTeJIb ABYXBBHTOBOI; 39 - pacxoARYit IIYIIRep AJIII KaOJIRBa; 30 - DIITSTeJIb BHBTOBOI; 31 - paCJ:OA-
"WI lI}'HRep JlJlII 01(UCII JtIffII(S; all - DBTaTeJIb SUBTOBol; 33 - IlBTOMaTII'f€CKlfe B€CY THUa 0.u;II}(-80; 34 -
fjSCXOARYI lI}'HRep JlJIII cDeltllR'l'}'MS; 35 - pacJ:oJlHYil: lIyIIKep JlJIFI CMOJIY «!Il'H04!op ,,0,,; 36 - paCXOAIIHfi yII-
Kep .ltJIFI OKRCH I!BIIRS; 3'1 - SSTOMSftq€CKRe BeCY THUa 0)J;CC-10; 38 - PSCXOABldI IIYHKep AJIII KSBH4JoJIO;
89 - pacJ:oJlBldI lIyIIKep 1/.Jlfl pe8OTPonORa; 40 - DBTaTeJIb BHHTOBOA; 41 - aBTOMIITB'l€CKHe secY THDa 0)J;CC-5;
42 - OC8ARTeJIbRYe eMKOCTR JlJIII rpaHYJI KaYqyKa; 43 - POTSIIHOHlIYit nBTaTeJIb; 44 - paCJ:OJlHW IIYRKep
AJIII rpaBYJIllpOBIUUUIIJ: KayqyJ<OB; 45 - nBT3Ten!> Jl;SYXBUIfTOBOI; 46 - aSTOJlla €CKHe secy TBDa 0.u;I<Q-200;
4'1 - TPaHCDOpTeP JIeBTOqRYit DeperpysoqRYit; 48 - TPaHCDOpTep JICBTO'lRYit sarpysoqRYit; 49 - DOJIyaBTO-
IICSftq€Crare oIJeBTOqllYe BeeM TBlIa .u;TI<Q-120.
Ha pHC. 5.1 nOKasaaa cxeMa ' BII)J;yaJIbHOii OCHaCTRH 060py)J;oBaHHeM
aBTOMaT eCKoii paSBeCKH peSHHOCMeCHTeJIJ'I, npe)J;HaSHa1JeHBOrO AJIJ'I O)J;HOCTa-
JJ;UiiHLIX npOD;eCCOB npBfOTOBJIeHM peSHBOBLIX cMeceii. Ha npBMepe 3TOii cxeMLI
paa6epeM )J;eiiCTBYIO He H nepcneKTIIBBLIe CHCTeMLI pasBecRB II nO)J;a1JH B pesBHo-
CMeCHTeJIII MaTepHaJIOB, BXO)J;HDJ.IIX B COCTaB pesBHoBLIX cMeceu.
6.1.1. YCTaHoBKH AnR TpaHcnopTMpoBaHMR
M A03HpOBaHMR caNt
CamH, npeHM eCTBeBHO B rpaHYJIHpOBaHBOM BH)J;e, nO)J;aIOTCH liS 6YBRepHoro
npKpeJIbCOBOro CRJIa)J;a JlBHHHMH BenpepLIBBoro TpaHcnopTa B paCXO)J;BLIe 6ya-
Repa 5 (CM. pHC. 5.1), OTKY)J;a nHTaTeJIJ'IMB cRpe6RoBoro mna 6 OHB aarpymaIOTCJ'I
151
B aBTOMaTB1JeCKBe BeCLI 7 II 3aTeM epes sarpy30 HylO eMROCTI> 8 nOCTyDalOT B pe-
SHHOCMeCIITeJII> 9.
,I);JIJ'I TpaBcnopTBpoBaHIIH camll npllMeHJ'IIOT cJIe)J;YIODJ.lle TpaBCnOpTBLle Mexa-
BII3MLI.
3aRpldTlde JIeBTO lde 1C0BBeiiepld C OTOOpTOBaBBOii JIeBToii. ¥ CJJ:OBHJ'IM TpaH-
cnopTHpOBaHHJ'I paSHLIX THDOB cam KaR rp8.HYJIHpOBaHBLIX, TaR H BerpaHYJIBpO-
BaHHLIX 60JII>we Bcero Y)J;OBJIeTBOpJ'IIOT 3aKpLITLIe JIeHT01Jlllde ROBBeiiepLI C OT60pTo-
BaBHoii JIeBToii. KOHBeiiepLI, OCHam;eHHLIe JIeHTaMH C 60pTaMH, npeABaSBa aIOTCJ'I
)J;JIH TpaBcnopTHpOBaHHH He TOJII>KO caa(H, HO H CyXHX nopOmR006paSBLIX, 3ep-
HIICTLIX, MeJIKoKycKOBLIX II cpe)J;HeKYCKOBLIX CLIn IIX npO)J;YRTOB no rOpH30HTaJII>-
BLIM, HaKJIOHHLIM ()J;o 28 0 K ropllsoHTY) II ropIlSOHTaJIbHO-HaKJIOBBLIM TpaccaM
C sarpY3Koii 8 OABOM HJIH BeCROJIb-
KHX MeCTaX H C pa3rpYSROB 1Jepe3
rOJIOBHOii 6apa6aH.
ROHBeiiepLI C OT60PTOBaBBoii JIeH-
Toii IIMelOT CJIe)J;yIOJD.lle OCBOBHLIe npe-
BMym;eCTBa nepe)J; CTaB)J;apmLIMH JIeB-
TO HLIMH KOHBeiiepaMH: y DHX B 1,5-
2,5 pasa BLIme npOHSBO)J;HTeJIbHOCTb
(npH Tex me ra6apHTax); SHa1JHTeJIbHO.
MeHl>me npOCLInaHHe rpysa C JIeHTLI,
TO oc06eHHo BamHO AJIJ'I TaRHX Ma-
I TepHaJIOB, l<aK cama; MaRCBMaJIbHLIB
yrOJI BaKJIOHa KOBBeiiepa Ha 2_3 0
60JIbwe.
,I);JIH ropll30HTaJIbHOrO TpaHcnop-
TllpOBaHHJ'I pasJIH1JBLIx CLInY1JBX MaTe-
pllaJIOB, B TOM 1JHCJIe JIerKopaapywa-
IOJD.IIXCH rpaHyJI, sa py6emoM npBMe-
HHIOT KOHBeiiepLI C norpymHLIMH cKpe6-
l<aMII TBna <lCynep-cIIJIoyi> (pHC. 5.2).
3TH ROHBeiiepLI OT aIOTCJ'I pH)J;OM
KOHCTPyKTIIBHLIX oc06eBBOCTeii. HBiK-
HJ'IJ'I aCTb Rop06a 1 B OTJIH He OT
06LI Horo npJ'IMoyrOJII>HOrO Ce'leHHlI sal<pyrJIeHa BHHSY no paAHYcy (KaK y BHH-
TOBLIX ROHBeiiepoB). CKpe6KH 2 THrOBoii eDH HSrOTOBJIeHLI 1'13 HaiiJIOHa llJIII aJIIO-
'MHHHeBoro JIIITI>J'I C HaiiJIOHOBLIMH HaRJIa)J;KaMB H HMeIOT cIIoPMY cemeHTa.
BepXHJ'IJ'I XOJIOCTaH BeTBb 5 TJ'IrOBOii D;enH )J;BHmeTCJ'I no rJIaAKOii DJiaCTMaCcoBoii
nOJIoce 3, SaKpenJIeHHOii Ha aJIIOMBHHeBLIX HanpaBJIJ'IIOm;HX 4. lIcnOJIbSOBaHHe
UaiiJIOHa H APyrllx nJIaCTHKOB B Ka eCTBe MaTepHaJIOB )J;JIJ'I cKpe6KoB H HanpaB-
JIJ'IIOJD.IIX nOSBOJIHIOT YBeJIII HBaTb CROpOCTI> enll H npoHsBo)J;HTeJII>HOcTb. DpH-
MeBeHlle nJiaCTMaCCOBLlX cKpe6KoB H BanpaBJIJ'IIO IIX cnoc06cTByeT TaKme CHHme-
HHIO He06xo)J;IIMOii MOJD.HOCTH npHBO)J;a sa c eT CBHmeHBH nOTepb Ha TpeHHe II YMeHb-
meHHJ'I MaCCLI D;enll.
"
3
./
PBC. 5.2. CKpe6KoBbIi ROBBei:ep C DorpymBHMB
CRpe6RaMB THDa cCynep-c)noy&:
1 - Kopoll; 3 - CKpeGoK BaitJIoBOBw B 4!oPMe CerMeRTa
(paGoqaa BeTllb); 3 - DnaCTMaCCOBall Donoca; 4-
IlmoMBBBeBWe B8DpaBJIllJOllUle; 5 - CKpello1< (J:ono-
CTaJI BeTllf».
5.1.2. YCTaHOBKM AnR nOAa H MRr HTene
MHrqIlTeJIH, nocTynaIOm;Be Ha 3aBO)J; B mH)J;KOM BH)J;e, nO)J;aIOTCJ'I co CRJIa)J;a
no Tpy60npoBo)J;aM B npOMemyTO HLIe eMROCTH D;eXOBoro aCTRa HX xpaHeHHJ'I
II OTTY)J;a HacocaMH - B D;lIpKyJIHD;1I0HUYIO cHcTeMy4 (CM. pHC. 5.1), OXBaTLIBaIOJD.YIO
Bce peSHHOCMeCIITeJIII. lis D;HPKYJIJ'ID;HOHHOii CHCTeMLI 1Jepe3 9JIeRTpoynpaBJIJ'IeMLIe
KJIanaHLI MHrqllTeJIH nocTynalOT K aBTOMaT eCKIIM BecaM 2 II 3, B8BemIlBaIOTCJ'I
H c06HpaIOTCJ'I B )J;OSlIpOBaHHOM BII)J;e B C60p01JHOM npO)J;YB01JHOM 6aKe 1, oTKY)J;a
152
oemaTLIM BOS)J;YXOM 1Jepes HHmel<TOp 10 II RJIanaB 11 nO)J;aIOTCJ'I B RaMepy pe3HBO-
-eMeCBTeJIJ'I.
JIerKOnJIaBKHe MaTepHaJiLI co CRJIa)J;a MJ'I HTeJIeii nO)J;aIOTCJ'I 3JIeRTpOnor-
PYS1JlIKaMII K paCxOJJ:HLIM 060rpeBaeMLIM eMROCTJ'IM, B ROTOpLIX OBB nJIaBJ'ITCH,
cJ)IIJIbTpyIOTCJ'I; saTeM B mH)J;KOM BH)J;e OBH nocTynalOT Ba aBTOMaTB1JeCRlle BeCLI,
BSBemBBaIOTCJ'I H 1Jepe3 npO)J;YBO'IHLIii 6aR nOAaIOTCJ'I B pe3HBOCMeCBTeJIb. Bce
Tpy6onpOBOAH IQIPRYJIJ'I HOBBOii CHCTeMLI H BBYTPH eXOBLIe MaTepHaJIOnpOBO)J;LI
AJIJ'I MJ'Ir1fHTeJIeii npOKJIaALIBalOTCH C naponpOBOABLIMH CDyTmmaMH, a eMKOCTH
UMeIOT py6amKH )J;JIJ'I napOBoro 060rpeBa.
5.1.3. YCTaHoBKM AMI nOAat.lM Cbtnyt.lMX MHrpeAMeHToB
CLI He HBrpe)J;HeBTLI nO)J;aIOTCJ'I (CM. pHC. 5.1) B paCXO)J;BLIe 6YURepa 12,
15, 27, 29, 31, 34, 35, 36 H 38 B ROBTeiiBepax 25 no MOBOpeJII>COBOH Aopore 26.
Bce onepa no )J;OCTaBKe CbIn HX HBrpe)J;lIeHTOB R paCXO)J;BLIM 6YHRepaM aBTO-
MaTHSHpOBaBLI, sa IICKJII01JeBlleM onepa lIii SanOJIBeBHJ'I 1<0BTeiiBepoB, ROTopLIe
BLInOJIBHIOTCJ'I Ba CKJIa)J;ax BP BYIO C npBMeBeBHeM MexaBIISHpOBaBBLIX cpeACTB.
1I3 paCXO)J;BLIX 6YBKepoB 23,27,29,31,34,35,36,38,39 nHTaTeJIJ'IMH 13,28,30,
32, 40 CLIn He HBrpe)J;lIeBTLI sarpymalOTCJ'I B aBTOMaT eCKHe BeCLI 24, 33, 37, 41
H nOCJIe BSBemHBaBIIJ'I nocTynalOT Ba neperpyso BLIii JIeBT01JBLIii TpaBcnopTep 47,
ROTOpLlM nO)J;aIOTCJ'I Ba sarpys01JBLIii JIeBTo1JBLIii TpaBcnopTep 48 H )J;aJIee - B pesu-
HOCMeCBTeJIb. qepes OT)J;eJIbBylO sarpYS01JBYIO eMROCTI> 21 B pesHBOCMeCHTeJII>
nocTynaeT OKIICI> MarBIIJ'I 113 paCXO)J;Horo 6YUKepa 15. B aBTOMaTII eCKlle BeCLI 17
KIICb MarBM nepe)J;aeTCH BH6pomueKoBLIM nHTaTeJIeM 16.
Ha pJ'I)J;e saBO)J;OB nopomROBLIe MaTepllaJILI, paCXO)J;yeMLIe B 60JIbmHX KOJIH-
"IeCTBax, nO)J;aIOTCJ'I co CRJIa)J;a B paCXO)J;BLIe 6YUl<epa cRpe6RoBLIMH, BHHTOBLIMH
BJIII JIeBT01JBLIMH ROBBeiiepaMH. MeJI H RaOJIHH, paCXO)J;yeMLIe B 60JII>mHX ROJIH-
"IeCTBaX, peKOMeB)J;YeTCJ'I nO)J;aBaTb nBeBMOTpaBcnopTOM C nO)J;cymKoii HX B nOTORe
TpaBcnopTHpyIOm;ero BOS)J;yxa HJIH B a3pocJ)oBTaBBLIx cymHJIKaX, YCTaBaBJIHBaeMLIx
aa JIHHIIRX nO)J;a1JH.
BLI60p Toii HJIH,HHOB cxeMLI DBeBMoTpaBcnopTHoii YCTaBOBKH npoIl3Bo)J;BTCJ'I
B saBllCHMOCTII OT TpaCCLI H TeXBOJIOrll1JeCI<Oro 060pY)J;oBaHIIJ'I. B Tex cJI aJ'Ix,
Ror)J;a Be06xo)J;BMo'nepe)J;aTb MaTepHaJi HS O)J;Boro MeCTa norpYSRH R BeCKOJIbRHM
MeCTaM BLIrpYSRH, npBMeBJleTCJ'I npeIlMYm;eCTBeBBO BarBeTaTeJII>BaJ'I CHCTeMa,
II Ba060poT, npH nepeBoce MaTepHaJia HS UeCROJIbRHX MeCT R O)J;BOMY - BcaCLI-
BalO aJ'I CHCTeMa. HaraeTaTeJIbBaJ'I CllCTeMa TpaBcnopTHpOBaBHJ'I MomeT nepe)J;a-
8aTb MaTepHaJi Ba paCCTOJ'IBHe AO 300-400 M, a B pJ'I)J;e CJI aeB H 60JIee. Bo Bca-
CLIBaIOm;IIX yCTaHOBKaX )J;JIHBa Tpy6onpOBO)J;OB He npeBLImaeT 200, peme 250 M.
B yKasaHBLIX CllCTeMax DBeBMa eCRoro TpaBcnopTa CLIn HX MaTepHaJIOB ROB-
eBTpa HH MaTepllaJia B nOTORe Bos.nyxa COCTaBJIJ'IeT 5-80 Rr/Kr (KoB eBTpa
xapaRTepHsyeTCJ'I OTBomeBHeM MaCCLI nepeMem;aeMoro MaTepHaJia R Macce TpaB-
cnopTHpYIOm;ero Bos.nyxa B e)J; e 06'beMa CMeCH, nO)J;aBaeMoii )J;aBBoii nBeBMO-
TpaBcnopTBoii YCTaBOBKOii).
,I(nH nO)J;a 1I BOS)J;yxa npBMeBJ'IIOTCJ'I B03)J;YXO)J;yBRII H KOMnpeccopLI, a )J;JIJ'I
.cOS)J;aBHJ'I BaKYyMa - npeBMym.eCTBeBBO BaRYYM-BaCOCLI. B Ka1JeCTBe BOS)J;YXO-
JJ;YBOK HCnOJIbSyIOTCH eBTp06emBLIe BeBTHJIHTOpLI BIISI<OrO )J;aBJIeBHJ'I ()J;JIJ'I cos)J;a-
HBJ'I Banopa )J;O 100 MM BO)J;. CT.), cpeABero ()J;o 300 MM BO)J;.CT.) H BLICOI<OrO ()J;o
1500 MM BO)J;. CT.). llpH 60JIee BLICOKOM )J;aBJIeBHH npIlMeBHIOTCJ'I nopmBeBLIe llJIH
pOTa 1I0BBLIe BOS)J;YXO)J;YBBLIe MamHBLI.
5.1.4. YCTaHoBKM AnR nOAat.lM MMKpoKoMnoHeHToB
MIIl<pOI<OMnOBeBTLI - 3TO CLIn He HBrpe)J;HeBTLI, ROTopLIe BXOAJIT B COCTaB
peS1IB0BLIX cMeceii B Be60JIbmHX ROJIH1JeCTBax (YCROpBTeJIH, cepa H APyrne ByJIKa-
BHSYIOm;He areBTLI, RpaCHTeJIB H np.).
153
¥CROpHTeJIH, BaBeCI<H ROTOpLIX B OCBOBBOM Be npeBLImalOT 2 Rr, 061i1JB&
TpaHCnOpmpyIOTCJ'I co CI<JIQJJ:a 3JIeKTpOICapaMII H 1Jepes sarpyso1JBHe mRa4lLl Bp -
ByIO sarpymaIOTCJ'I B paCXOJJ:HLIe 6YBI<epa 18 (CM. pHC. 5.1). ,l{aJIee BH6pODIBeI<O-
BLIMJI nHTaTeJIJ'IMII 13 OBH nO)J;aIOTCJ'I B aBTOMaT eCRHe BeCLI 19 H nOCJIe BSBemBBa-
BU 1Jepes sarpys01JByIO eMKOCTb 22 nocTynaIOT B peSIIBOCMeCHTeJIH. Cepa nocTY-
naeT B pacxoABLIii 6YBICep 12 H BII6pomBeKoBLIM nHTaTeJIeM 13 nOCJIe BSBemBBaBHJI
PRC, 5.3. npBBn;lUJBaJIt.BaH cxella ynaKoBo'IBoro aBTOllaTa:
1.- TpyllqaTY8 KaHan; 3 - 4!oPMl!PYJOIQRit aneMeHT; 3 - BarpeBaTeJJhRblI 8neMeB'l'
DPOA,onbHoro msa; 4 - BHIfIJ/Jdt CTYKOBOq&1II8 BarpeBaTeJJhBY8 8neMeB'l'; 5 - BepDIJIA
CTYI(OBOqBY8 RarpeBaTeJIbBY8 8neMeBT; 6 - cqeT'!BJI MeIlfl(OS; 1 - BOlli; 8 - SaJIY
C YUP8BJlll1OII\BMB Kyna'lKaMB; 9 - BBlipaTOp; 10 - KOMDeReaTOp; 11 - peryJIllTOp Ba-
TJI)I(eRB1l DJIeBICJI; 1B - pynoR DOJIJI8TBJIeROBOa DJIeBJIB; 13 - Jla"BJI KOBTpOJIJI .a-
MeTpa pynoRa; 14 - yaen uplDfCBMa DneBKB; 1$ - 8arpY80q&U sopORKa.
Ba aBTOMaTH1JeCRHX Becax 14 epes OT)J;eJIbBYIO aarpya01lByIO eMI<OCTI> 20 no-
)J;aeTCJ'I B peSHBOCMeCHTeJII>.
UOAa1Ja MBlCpolCOMDOBeBTOB DPB DOMO B aBTOMaTB1JeCICBX CBCTeM C JIeBTO'lllIdMB
lCoBBeiiepaMB. Hllme )J;aB.o oDBcaBHe CIICTeMLI )J;osHpOBaBHJ'I H nO)J;a H MJU(pOROMDO-
BeHTOB, 060pY)J;oBaBlle )J;JIJI ROTOpoii BLlnycRaeTCJ'I 4IHpMOii «CabOH» (ABrJIHJI).
MHRpOROMDOBeHTLI pasBemHBaIOTCJ'I Ba eHTpaJiUSOBaHBOM aCTRe, ROTOPLIii
BRJII01JaeT cJIe)J;yIO ee 060py)J;oBaBue: pacxoABLIe 6YBRepa, aBTOMaT eCRHe BeCLI,
c60pHLIe eMKOCTH, ynaRoB01lBLIe aBTOMaTLI )J;JIJ'I HSrOTOBJIeBHJ'I nOJIH3THJIeHOBh1X
MeDI01JROB H ynal<OBI<H B BUX BaBeCOI< MHKpOI<OMnOBeHTOB.
,l{JIJ'I npoMemyT01JHOrO xpaBeBIIJ'I rOTOBh1X BaBeCOR B nOJIH3TIIJIeBOBLlX )femo -
Kax H )J;JIJ'I nepe)J;a1JH H pacnpe)J;eJIeBHJ'I ux no peSHBOCMeCHTeJIJ'IM npe)J;ycMoTpeHN
JIeBT01JHLIe TpaBcnopTepLI; JIeBT01JBLIe TpaBcnOpTept.I IICnOJIbsYIOTCJI H )J;JIJI sa-
rpYSI<H nO)J;rOTOBJIeBBLIX BaBeCOR B Mem01Jl<ax B CMeCIITeJIbBLle arperaTLL
154
PaCXO)J;Hhle OYHKepa )J;JIH MBKpOI<OMnOHeHTOB CHaomeHH YPOBHeMepaMH,
KOTopLIe CJIymaT )J;JIJ'I CHrHMHSaIQIH 0 BepXHeM ypOBBe MaTepBaJia. Cpe)J;HHii H BH)I(-
BHii YPOBHH BJIH nOJIHOe onopomHeHHe 6YUI<epa OT MaTepHaJia cIIHKCDpyIOTCJ'I
ynpaBJIHIOm;eii 3JIeKTpOBHO-BLI DCJIBTeJII>HOii MamHHoii, KOTopaH OTC1JBTLIBaeT Ka)l(-
)J;ylO AOSY MaTepHaJIa, OTOHpaeltIOrO DS 6YUKepa.
BeCLI 060PY)J;OBaHLI CneIUlaJIbHOii BSBemBBalO eii TapeJIl<oii, ROTOpaJ'I nepe-
BOpaqHBaeTCH npH pa3rpY3Ke H nHTaeT KOPOTI<D )l(eJI06, coe)J;HHHIOm;Hii BeCLI
C aBTOMaTOM )J;JIH HsrOTOBJIeBBJ'I nOJIH3THJIeHOBLIX Mem01JROB. llpHHI(HnHaJIbHaH
cxeMa ynal<OBO HOro aBTOMaTa nORasaHa Ha pHC. 5.3.
TOHKaJ'I nOJIH3THJIeHOBaJ'I nJIeHKa xpaHDTCJ'I B BH)J;e PYJIOBa 12 nOsa)J;H aBTO-
lttaTa. nOCTYDHBmaJ'I B aBTOMaT nOJIH9THJIeHOBaJ'I nJIeHl<a OOOpa1JDBaeTCH BOKpyr
Tpy61JaTOrO ma6JIOHa, HaXO)J;H erOCH B cIIopMHpyIOm;eM 9JIeMeHTe 2, H cBapHBaeTCJ'I
BarpeBaTeJII>HLIM 9JIeMeBTOM npO)J;OJIbHOrO mBa 3. B pesYJIbTaTe nOJI aeTCH
BJIJIH,!I;pB eCKaJ'I nOJIB3THJIeHOBaH Tpy6l<a. ROf)J;a nopomOR 1Jepes sarpY30 HyIO
BopOHKy 15 nocTynaeT C BeCOB (He nOKasaBLI) B ynaKOB01JBLIii aBTOMaT, OH npoxo-
)J;BT no Tpy61JaTOMY RaHaJIY 1 H nona)J;aeT B c41opMHpoBaBmylOCJ'I nOJIH3TBJIeHoBYlO
Tpy61<Y, BLITJ'IBYTyIO BHBS. HarpeBaTeJIbHLIii CTLlI<OB01JBLIii 3JIeMeHT 4 SaJJ;eJILIBaeT
8aTeM HIDI<HHii nonepe HLIii mOB nOJIH3THJIeHOBOii TPYOKH; O)J;HOBpeMeHBO HO)l(OM 7
QTpeSaeTCJ'I rOToBLIii Mem01Jel< TpeoyeMoro paSMepa, B ROTOpOM BaXO)J;HTCR nOCTY-
nDBmaR C BeCOB )J;osa nopoml<a. BepxHHii CTLIK Mem01JRa sa)J;eJILIBaeTCJ'I BarpeBa-
TeJIbBLIH CTLII<OB01JBLIM 3JIeMeHTOM 5. 3TOT CTLII< oopasyeT )J;HO cJIe)J;yIOm;ero nOJIH-
9TUJIeBOBOro Mem01JRa, H BI<JI nOBTOpJ'IeTCJ'I.
TexH ecKBe AaHBLIe ynal<OB01JHOro aBTOMaTa CJIe.nyIOm;He: npoHsBo)J;BTeJII>-
1I0CTb - 4 Memo a B 1 MHH; )J;JIHHa HsrOTaBJIHBaeMLIX Mem01JKOB - 125, 250,
375 H 500 MM; MaRCBMaJII>HOe ROJIH eCTBO MaTepHaJia B Mem01JKe - 5 Kr; ynaKo-
BOqHLlii MaTepBaJI - nJIeBKa D3 nOJID3THJIeHa C TeMnepaTypoii nJiaBJIeHBH 80 °C;
-rOJIJD.HBa nOJIH3THJIeHOBOii nJIeHI<H - 0,08 MM; mBpHHa JIeHTLI - 540 MM; npo-
AOJImBTeJIbHOCTb paooTLI 6es nepeSapJ'I)J;I<H pYJIosa - 60JIee 12 1J.
HHRTH paspaooTaHLI )J;Ba THDa ynal<oBo BLIX 8BTOMaTOB )J;JIJ'I saTapHBaHHJ'I
HaBeCOK MBKpOKOMnOHeSTOB B nOJIH9THJIeHOBLle Mem01JI<H: AY-10 (Macca OAHOii
A03LI MaTepHaJia OT 1 )J;O 10 I<r; npOH3BO)J;DTeJIbBOCTb aBTOMaTa 340 naReTOB B 1 1J;
naKeT COCTOBT HS )J;BYX CJIOeB nOJIHaTHJIeBOBOii nJIeHRH; pa3Mep naReTa 900 X
X 450 MM) H AY-3 (Macca o)J;Hoii )J;OSLI MaTepHaJia OT 0,5)J;0 3 Rr; npOHSBOABTeJII>-
HOCTb aBTOMaTa 600 naReTOB B 1 1J; paSMep nal<eTa 500 X 200 MM).
6.1.6. YCTaHoBKM AnR AOSMPOBaHMR M nOAa'4M
'KaY'4YKOB 11 MaTO'4HblX pesMHoBbiX cMece!;i
ABToMaTHSa HJ'I )J;OSHpOBaHHJ'I l<a yROB npH CHCTeMe C HB)J;HBllAyaJIbHOii
CHaCTKoii CMeCBTeJIbBLIX arperaTOB oOopY)J;oBaHHeM pa3BeCI<H MomeT OLITb ocy-
m;eCTBJIeBa TOJIhl<O npH HCnOJIbSOBaBHB l<a YKOB B rpaBYJIHpOBaHBOM BH)J;e.
COrJIaCHO cxeMe, npBBe)J;eHHoii Ba pHC. 5.1, rpaBYJIHpOBaBBLIe l<a yKH nO)J;aIOTCJ'I
B paCXO)J;HLIe oYHKepa 44 epes BKJIOHLI 42 nHTaTeJIJ'IMH 45, sarpymaIOTCJ'I B aBTO-
MaT eCKDe BeCLI 46 H )J;aJIee sarpyso HLIM TpaHcnopTepOM 48 nO)J;aIOTCJ'I B peSHBO-
CMeCBTeJIb.
,I(JIH nO)J;aqB B peSHHOCMeCBTeJIb He60JIbmUX 1<0JI eCTB Ra yKOB B BerpaHy-
JIBpOBaHHOM BB)J;e YCTaHaBJIHBaIOTCJ'I nOJIyaBToMaT eCKBe BeCLI JIeHTOqHOrO THDa
49, Ha ROTopLIe BPY1J1lYIO nO)J;aIOTCJ'I l<yCKH npe)J;BapllTeJIbHO BapesaHHoro Ra YKa;
UOCJIe nOJI eHHJ'I CBrHaJia 0 rOTOBHOCTB HaBeCKH nOCJIe)J;HJ'IH aBTOMaT eCI<H nepe-
)J;aeTCJ'I Ha aarpys01JHLIii JIeHT01JHLIii TpaHcnopTep 48. DpHMeHeHBe B paCCMaTpH-
BaeMoii cxeMe TOJIbKO HerpaHYJIBpOBaHHLIX l<a YKOB B03MO)l(BO JIHmI> npH YCJIO-
BHH nOJIyaBToMaTn eCl{Oii BX pa3BeCKD y peSBHOCMeCDTeJIJ'I HJIH Ha eHTpaJIH30BaB-
BOM aCTKe, 1JTO CBJlSaHO C npHMeHeHBeM p Horo TpY)J;a. ABTO)faTDS H
AOSHpoB8.HWI Kay1JyROB BOSMomBa B CJI ae OTC eTa eJILIX CTaB)J;apTBLlX RBD
Kaf1lYlCa npH npBMeseBBB pesHHOCMeCBTeneii oOJIbmoii eJJ:HIIII oii MOm;HOCTH.
t55
.2. 060PYAOBAHHE nOTOLfHO-ABTOMATHLfECKHX nHHH.::t
nPHrOTOBnEHHft PE3HHOBbiX CMECE.::t
llOT01JBo-aBTOMaT eCRHe JIHHHH npHrOTOBJIeBBJ'I pe3HBOBLlX CMeceu ROMnJIeK-
TYIOTCJ'I 060PY)J;OBaBHeM B paSJIH1JBLIX COqeTaBHJ'IX B SaBHCBMOCTB OT BllAa H pac-
xO)J;a npBMeBJ'IeMLlX MaTepHaJIOB, npHBJ'ITOii CBCTeMLI )J;OSHpOB8JIBH, TpaHCnOpTBLIX
YCTpoiiCTB H CHCTeMLI ynpaBJIeBHJ'I TeXBOJIO eCKHM npo eCCOM. B OTeqeCTBeBBOB
npOlrlLlmJIeHBOCTH )J;JIJI nOT01JBO-aBTOMaTH1JeCI<HX JIBBd npHrOTOBJIeBHJ'I peSBBO-
BLIX cMeceii npHMeBJ'IeTCJ'I TBDOBoe 060py)J;OBaBHe, B OCHOBBOM paspa60TaBBoe
HHRTH 11 BLInYCl<aeMoe MamHHOCTpOHTeJII>HLIMH saBO)J;aMH. JIHml> npH pel<OB-
CTPYR HH cym.eCTBylOJD.HX npe)J;npHJ'Imii C Be)J;OCTaTOqBO BLICOI<BMH npOHSBQ)J;CTBeB-
BLIMJI nOMem;eBHJlMB YCT8.HaBJIBBaIOT BeCTaB)J;apTB30B8.HHOe 060py)J;oBaBJIe HB-
BHAyaJIbBOrO HCnOJIBeBHJ'I.
HBme paCCMaTpHBaIOTCJ'I OT)J;eJII>BLle rpynnLI cepOBoro 060pY)J;OBaBBJI B
pe,v;CTB aBTOMaTHsa HH cepHBBoro HCnOJIHeHBJ'I.
5.2.1. PacxoAHble 6YHKepa
Pacxo)J;BLIe 6YBRepa npe)J;Ba3Ba1JeHLI )J;JIJ'I npOMemyTO Boro XpaBeBHJ'I nopom-
KOBLIX HJIH rpaaYJIHpOBaBBLIX HBrpe)J;HeBTOB cMeceii nepe)J; nOAa eii HX npH no-
MOm;H DHTaTeJIeii R )J;OSHpYIOm;BM YCTpoiicTBaM. BOJIbmaJ'I 1JaCTI> MaTepllaJIOB,
npHMeBJleMLIX B pesBBoBoii npOMLIIIIJIeBBOCTH, npB xpaHeHHH B 6YBI<epax 06pa-
SYeT CBOALI H BaJIHnaeT Ba CTeHI<H 6YUKepa, n03TOMY 01JeBb BamBO npaBBJIbBO
BLl6paTI> ROBCTPYR HIO 6YUl<epa, MaTepHaJi )J;JIJ'I ero BSrOTOBJIeBHJI, yrJILI BaRJIOBa
ero CTeBOR, paSMepLl BLlXO)J;BLIX OTBepCTHii. B 60JIbmHBCTBe 6YURepoB npHMeBJlIOTCJI
Cne HaJibBLIe YCTpoiicTB8 npOTHB 06paSOBaBHJ'I CBO)J;OB - n06YAHTeJIH II BBTeBCH-
cIIHKaTopLI nOTOKa MaTepHaJIa, 06eCne1JHBaIOm;He BOpMaJII>BOe onopomBeBBe 6YBl<epa.
"Y CTaBOBJIeBO, 1JTO )J;JIJ'I JI ero BLICLInaBHJ'I MaTepHaJia HS 6YBI<epoB yrJILI
BaKJIOBa HX rpaBeii )J;OJImBLI 6LITb Ba 5-10° MeBbme yrJIa eCTeCTBeBHoro OTI<Oca.
"YroJi BaRJIOHa pe6pa, 06pasoBaBBoro )J;BYMJ'I CMemBLIMH rpaBJ'IMH 6yaKepa, AOJImeB
6LITI> Ha 5-10° 60JIbme yrJIa CCLInaBBJ'I MaTepHaJia no CTeBl<e 6YBl<epa. ,I(JIJ'I npe-
)J;ynpem)J;eHHJ'I HaJIHnaBHJ'I mrpe)J;HeBTOB BByTpeBBHe nOBepXBOCTII 6YBRepoB
H )J;pyrBx YCTpoiicTB eJIeC006pa3Ho nOKpLIBaTb CJIOeM peSBHLI BJI.II )J;ame eJIBKOM
BLInOJIHJ'ITb BX HS peSHBLI. ,I(JIJ'I 3THX eJIeii peKOMeH)J;yeTCJ'I npBMeBJlTb peSHHY
THna 06I<JIa)J;01JHOii peSHBLI )J;JIJ'I 06LIqHLIX TpaBCnOpTBLIX JIeHT.
OCBoBHLIe paSMepLl B 060py)J;oBaBHe paCXO)J;HLIX 6YURepoB OTe eCTBeHBLIX
ROHCTPYI< Hii npllBe)J;eBLI B Ta6JI. 5.1.
6.2.2. PesMHoKoPAHble KOHTeHHepbI
AnR nepeBOSKM camM
TpecToM COIOsxHMTapa pa3pa60TaBLI MJ'IrRBe peSHBORop)J;BLIe ROBTeiiBepLl
C pa60QHMH 061>eMaMB 1,5; 2,5; 3,0 M 3 , npe)J;HaSBa1JeBBLIe )J;JIJ'I TpaBcnopmpOBaHHJ'I
CLIn BX MaTepHaJIOB, B TOM 1JBCJIe H camH. llpe)J;nOJIaraeTCJ'I npHMeHJ'ITb HX BMeCTO
6YMamBLIX MemROB )J;JIJ'I )J;OCTaBI<B camH C cameBLIX saBO)J;OB Ha saBO)J;LI-nOTpe6B-
TeJIB camH. ROHTeiiBepLI MoryT HaiTB mBpOl<oe npBMeHeBHe )J;JIJ'I nOCTaBRH Bcex
BH)J;OB camH saBO)J;aM, ROTopLle nOTpe6JIJ'IIOT ee B Be60JII>mOM 1<0JI eCTBe.
ROBTeiiilepLl npe)J;CTaBJIJlIOT c060ii MHoro060pOTBLIe saRpLlTLIe CUfOpa3-
rpymalOm;HeCJI eMI<OCm I<B8ApaTBoro Ce eBBJ'I; OBH HSrOTaBJIHBaIOTCJ'I )J;BYX
MO)J;HcIIHKa lIii: MR-1-1,5 (c ABYMJI JIIORaMH - sarpYS01JBLIM H pasrpya01JHLIM
H o)J;Hoii napoii BecYJD.BX npoymm); MR-1-2,5 H MR-1-3 (c O)J;BBM 3arpYSO HO-
pasrpYS01JBLIM JIIOROM H BepXBeii H BHmBeii napaMH Becym.HX npOyIIIJlH).
,I(JIJ'I HSrOTOBJIeHHJ'I KOBTeBBepOB HCnOJIl>syeTcJI MaTepHaJi HS Be)J;HcII HTBoro
CLIpbJ'I - peSHHOBoii CMeCH H BHCI<OSBOrO 1<0p)J;a. 3JIaCTH BOCTI> MaTepHaJia nos-
BOJIJ'IeT I<OMnal<TBO CRJIa)J;LIBaTI> onopomBeBBLIe ROHTeiiHepLI. B CJIOmeBBOM BH)J;e
1<0HTeiiHep 3aHHMaeT 061>eM, B )J;eCJ'ITI> pas MeBbmHii 061>eMa sarpymeHBoii eMKOCTH.
156
.
s:Io:!
":e.
gj"'''
;..=11
1Q0
°
s:Io ·
.. 0
n'
;..1'I
iI!
IQ ",0
.
go .
iU.
;..1'10
IQ '"
;,;
go!!
gjl
II
8.
I
-=
..
21
!
..
i
i
o
:It
-=
=
i
i
I
i
.
:II
t
:I
"
!.
.
II
o
.
o
....
>t)
g.
;:$
o:s
s:Io:tII
00.
.1:11110
0::"';,;
::i
:'
s:Io0f'
..III'"
gj
'"
;..
IQ
III
o
;,;
s:Ioa
"0
gjs:lo
;..0
IQI:I
Ii
1'1
=
..
1!aJ:;
1'1=
",=
Q,:;S
....
gj'"
;..g.
IQ
. ..
. . .
cl. .
s:Io' .
<>.
!
1O
0
.
':i
=s:Io
10
o
;,; ...CD '"
....1'-...
C\\
':ci
...
..... ......
CbO"''''
.. ..QO
.....(t)o..:
-= ,
cc.....occ
QOe=
",
xX.. o
...=....('1')
..... -
CO...
"'CO
... .
",,-
......
-...
coCC e .....
XX...;;"'"
::
:tJ:"
...
--
f;(II'J
= =...
.. 0
QO
c= ..... ......0
;,0...=
.. CO"
... ......
--
x...x...=
cc U")(OO CO
Occcn....
:X:X'"
-
... .
""
"'0 ... 0
... ==:== :
: (f)
X X.. o 0 X ... ...
;'
...o:
'& ...
CO'" ...
......
"'...
c.;C'i
-= ,
cc..occ
ao
xX" o
...o...(¥)
..... -
CO'"
...
-=
.,....
eo
==
;::
oo
... xx
U")
CON-
.....
.....
....
......
eo
==
:oo
... XX
U")
CON....
.....
.....
COco
= .
...-
-= .
COoodf O cc
N CO=U")...",
:
...... -
CO'"
CO...
... .
""
-= .
:;:;
...=
:
..... -
CO...
...CO
.;
==
......
......
--=
...
:
......
......
--
CO
...
......
......
......
--=
...
:
==
COCO
--
: U::
: errS:.
.;18"
';';
';,;
.
88 '0
. 0 .111
.-;-
t .s
.gi1== .
.is,:e .i
c;.a:llj
g.n .;
;,;-Q,Q,i!1II
tIIU8=:
ogj
"':;sf
aHQ,&",;..
IIIQ,
P'
=
.. =
ChoodfOO o
X ...
'"
..
...
I I I I
I I I I
I I I I
=
..::t' 0 0 00
;; =::: ;;
-
&
...
:; 0 0..
::
e
-
0"
c= C\1 N C"Ioodf
= co CON
...
..
... ... =
- - =
x X CO
... - -
... ...
.. =
- -
:II
:II
:II
:II
ri
gj 1/1
.. <>
... ...
8 8
o
..
ill
H
tllgo
III
;';:;s
8s:1o
tII
U.
..
Q,
to)
8
o . III
.. .
ill . C)
:e
II · I;
. ;,;
Ii !11
1!J 8
& i
:""t.-
...
o 0
=-
..'
, ...
......
"'0
o ...
CO
u
ii
8
fo
S&\;
eS,:e
!i:!i
Oi::oQ,
tII"CI>
gjU
;e&&
II
:r:
=
=...
..-
...x
=
...
...
II
=
=...
--
...x
=
...
...
XNOO..:n
NC'lJ0C"'l'"
....C"I4.o"' Q
;:X"" ...
II
II
=
..=
...-
x'"
...
=
..'"
-...
xx
-'"
......
=
-
=0
..
c.i.... ...
O)...t-C"ot
t-t-CIOC"'ICOot
4 cc CI')"411 cor-
NO............
.......
....eU")
...
coc=
C. cruc cc
......
I
II
0=<1> 0
00...... Ch
t-= t-
...
,...
<co"U")
.........
CO-o
-
t-t-N .0
..CO...
NOt- co
........(1')
...
I
I
N N
.co.... .0
;:
.0
II
t-t-oO 0
.ceo '"
;:
I'"
II
QCOO 0
co..... e co
:::
C\1
I
='"
.....
"'0
CD
N ce
.....ce.... co
1-
=0
=
N
co.... -::r
::c; (f)
1-
..'
=, ...
...CO'"
"-0
-0 ...
CO-
coOCO C\1
... ... , 000 co
= -=
..'
=, ...
.........
.....0
-0 ...
CO
"'1
coco. e
CO....... -=
0
C\1 '"
N.... ...
.;,;
.
.
.c)
:.
I
Iii
01;
c)o
:;S..
III;"
10 .. . .0;. .. ...
ml.I1I
.
.. ...
;..CI>.
o.Q,.== ...
g.= .g.
'C)';'; . .
& 1:1 . '" i! ':»':» ...
o . gol:l '1:[ . . . .
1'1;..1'1 . .
. . .
a .Ii! .gj .d . . .
. Q . Y i . CQ . &:i . . .
I!a .
.& ';"s:Io . . .
s:Io 10 . s:Io I; .;.. ..
. . .
cu .
ai .IIQ .
co . . .
8g. '8&'
.::&. . .
011 ;...
1:1 . 101 . '" ...
C) I °t':
i
lih
. =s:Io. ;"=els:Io8
!I1
;!
5
;if
..=r
i=I;
=
:I
..
;,;
KOHTeiiBepLI BenpOBH aeMLI )J;JIJ'I BJIarll, n03TOMY )J;JIJ'I IIX nepeBOSI\H MoryT 6LITI>
HCnOJIbSOBaBLI OTKpLITLIe nJIaT pMLI; npll OTCyTCTBIIH CI<JIa)J;OB OHH MoryT xpa-
BUTbCJ'I nO)J; OTKpLITLIM Be60M.
PeSIIHOKop)J;BLIe 1<0BTeiiBepLI MoryT 6LITI> IICnOJIbSOBaBbI RaK paCXOABLIe
6YBI<epa npH YCJIOBIIII OCBam;eBHJ'I HX Cne lIaJIbBLlMII npllcnoc06JIeHHJ'IMII. Hume
npHBe)J;eBLI TeXBH1JeCl<lIe xapaKTepllCTIIRH peSIIBOROp)J;BLIX ROBTeiiBepOB.
MI<-l-l,fi MI<-1-2.fi MI<-1-3
Pa60'1Bi 061>9M B sarpymeBBoM COC-
TOHBBH, 101 3
PaSMepH JItoKa, MM
sarpyso'IBoro .........
paarpyaO'1HOrO . . . . . . . . .
MaKCBMaJIbHaH rpyaonO 1>9MBOCTb, RH
PaaMepH B CJIOmeBBOM BBAe, MIl
AJIBBa ......
mBpHHa . . . . . .
BHCOTa .........
)J.BaMeTp npOymHB, 101M
)J.JIHBa, 101M
sarpysO'IBo-paarpyao'lHoro
lC8Ba .........
pasrpysO'1Boro PYKasa . .
aarpyao'IBoro PYKaBa
ra6apBTBHe paaMepH sarpymeBBoro
KOBTeiiuepa, MM
WIBBa
mupHHa . . . . . . . . . .
BHCOTa
Macca (DopOH<llero KOBTe.B:Bepa), Rr
py-
1.8 :!: 0.2 2,9 :!: 0.2 3.6 :!: 0.2
500 X 500 500 X 500 500 X 500
300 X 300 300 X 300 300 X 300
20 40 40
1300 :!: 50 t300 :I: 50 1300 :!: 50
300 :!: 30 600 :I: 50 600 :I: 50
150:1: 30 250 :I: 30 250 :I: 30
100 100 tOO
'750 750
750
750
1450:1: 50 1450 :I: 50 1450 :I: 50
1350 :!: 50 1350 :I: 50 1350 :I: 50
1200 :I: 50 1200 :I: 50 1200 :I: 50
45 70 90
5.2.3. 3arpyaoLfHble eMKOCTH
3arpyso HLIe (c60pBLIe) eMI<OCTH npe)J;BaSBa eBLI AJIJ'I npHeMa H c60pa BaBe-
OK MaTepHaJIOB H3 )J;03HPYIOJD.IIX YCTpoiicTB H sarpYSI<H HX no SaJJ;aBBoii ROMaB)J;e
B pe3HHOCMeCHTeJIb HJIII )J;pyrHe CMeCIITeJII>BLIe arperam. 3arpyso1JBLIe eMROCTH
pacnOJIaralOTCJ'I Henocpe)J;CTBeBBO y peSHBOCMeCIITeJIJ'I H JIaB aMH pasrpYS01JBLIX
oTBepcTri npHCoeJJ:HBJ'IIOTCJ'I R ero I<opnycy. OCBOBBLIe paSMepLI II 3JIeMeBTLI ce-
pBiiBLIX sarpYS01JBLIX eMI<OCTeii )J;aBLI B Ta6JI. 5.2.
PasBoBII)J;BOCTI>IO sarpY30 BLIX eMI<OCTeii J'IBJIJ'IIOTCJ'I sarpY301JBLIe JIeBTO BLIe
Tp8.HCnOpTepLI, npe)J;BaSBa1JeHBLle )J;JIJ'I npHeMa HB BeCOB, c60pa H 3arpYSI<H B CMe-
CBTeJIbBLIe arperaTLI Ra yROB H CLIn HX HBrpeAHeHTOB peSHHOBLIX cMeceii.
3arpYS01JBLIii TpaHCnOpTep J'IBJIHeTCJ'I OCBOBHLIM sarpY30 BLIM YCTpoiicTBOM peSHHo-
CMeCIITeJIJ'I; KpOMe Hero R peSHHOCloleCIITeJIIO nO)J;coe)J;HBJ'IIOTCJ'I 3arpYSO BLIe eMROCTB
)J;JIJ'I YCKopIITeJIeii, cepLI H Ca)l(H.
B l<a eCTBe sarpYS01JBLIX eMKOCTeii )J;JIJ'I mll)J;KHX MaTepHaJIOB npBMeBJlIOTCJ'I
c60pBLIe npO)J;YBO BLIe eMI<OCTH C pa60 IIM 06'beMOM 40 JI. nOJIHLIii 06'beM pa-
BeB 45 JI, pa60 ee )J;aBJIeBlle B eMROCTH 0,4-0,6 Mna; TeMnepaTypa TenJIOBOCH-
TeJIJ'I B py6aml<e paBBa 70-90 °C, )J;aBJIeBHe 0,1-0,15 Mila; Macca 6aRa 64 Kr.
5.2.4. ASTOMaTHLfeCKHe AoaaTopbl
,l{osHpoB8BHe HBrpe)J;HeHTOB peSHHOBLlX cMeceii II l<a YKOB 60JII>meD: 1JaCTbIO
npOHSBO)J;HTCJ'I C npBMeHeBHeM aBTOMaTB eCI{HX nop HOBBLIX HJIH HenpepLIBBO BSBe-
mIlBaIOm;HX )J;osaTopOB. BeCOBoii MeTO)J; )J;OSlIpOBaBHJI MaTepHaJIOB 60JIee T01JeB
DO cpaBBeBHIO C MeTO)J;aMH )J;OSBpOBaBIIJ'I no 06'beMY BJIII BpeMeBB.
OTe<teCTBeHBOii npOMI>IIIIJIeBHOCTblO BLInYCKalOTCJI ceplliiHO aBTOMaTII1JeCRHe
BeCLI (nop BOBnLIe aBTOMaTLI) )J;JIJ'I 60JIbmHBCTBa MaTepHaJIOB, npBMeHJleMLIX
B peSHBOBoii npOMLImJIeBBOCTII. XapaKTepHCTHKa nop IIOBBLIX aBTOMaTOB npHBe-
AeBa B Ta6JI. 5.3.
{58
( Jl8\I
-1IdD) It n 0IJta.t_1IO
-o.Re&d II V9Ua.tBdollO&'
R lida'.) JIJrtt 'LLOOlIJIg
GIGI 2 .
0"1;11:
:::m
=i:I"--
5,:0,,01::
i!
:I
:
.0 d
a
8=1"'=
"
:G;II ,:0<::>
:1:1: ..
1iI:18:G-
pua.t
-BdoIlO&' JlUIt
II1fC 110
VOlt9!) Jlult
(WII
-vdu) It on oura.t_JII;J
-oBBa9d II V9uaLBdOH;JA
II lida'.) w'It q.r.OOIlJl:!l
(1r1III
-elf) It 0 tJ 0IIta.tIl09J110
-oBlI8ad II uaua.tBdollOA
R lida'.) Wit 'LLOOlIJIg
(W89U) It on
OIIta.tB;JaJllOOBlI8ad II B)I(
-110 101ta!) IIItIt qUlOIiRg
1
i
to
"
=
to
(wa91t) It on
OIIta.tB09I1OOBlllI&d II
IIIKV;J IIItIt 'LLOOlIJIg
(Jl8II91t) It 0"
OIIta.t_ROOBlI8ad II
B)I(1IO IIItIt q.r.OOllllg
j
!
II
.
II
l-
I
i
III
i
o
CIi
o:s
::s-
::s
'8
e..
(wa91t) It on
oura.tB09I1OOBlllI&d II
BIK80 wit 'LLOOlIIIg
C'I
o
xxg
I/:)
C\I_
I I I
I I I
I I I
o
xx
....-
xx
@J
-....
o
XXC\l
C\I
--
2iC'l
XXQ)
I/:)""
_ t-O
g
xx.
"" t-O
.
""N
-....
xx
H
o
xx:g ....
-....
1@g
xXI/:)
-....
""<0
xxS
I/:)
........
8
""""
xx-
Q)
Ot-O
_<0
""CQ8
xx""
aa
XXC\l
1/:)""-
0-
"" t-O
o
IC\I:::
-
.... l:2g l
9
t-O:::
C\I
- I
I
I
g
C\I ....
-I
C\I _
....I
....,
I
Q)
NJ
....I
3
. . ':11'. . ':11. .. . . c:>. .
.. ... 18' . '1' . . .1:11 .. II:
" ..g,.. .g,. ..= "1:11
. . c:> . . c:> . . . . cD . =
. .. . .. S::II . .
.
..
,St!
.;t! Ii i
'!o..o
. . .
.
>- . g,
. .... .
. i a
'
;
'C:>[ a='
.£S.
!
co' !11= ',!II'" cD= '>::1" cD lll cDS '0= g,i
::II' D'
.i. i:I';J.<p. i:I'
i:I'
.
t;f!.
. .888 '!E'! 88 .;'!;88. 88 'yi8'
«1
'! ......00 .111111 00 .1:II!!!l:foo. 00 'lIIi!:8 ;
11:"... 111«1 "" I:II-
"" "... o=-
1:11 .<OJ<P<p' g, cD cD . g,81<p' IcD 'g,I:Ig,::s III
o .1 IP' =
; I
; II: H; 0 'i cD
i
1iiii
;;:=i
!;:=
i:
i
l
ss8
fi
g,g,.=!8g,g,.=1!
g,.8g,g,.
;
I=
=811:!!
!II:!I
8
!
::S co !
II:!!
I:I
I:IIII!;
II:COCO-OIII
COCO Olll
CO-II:tOco- - II:
-
::SOIllCU«l
" «I«I
'" cD«I«I
I:II«I
O
O«l
w
cD5
g,g,III>- g,g,III>-
g,g,1II!Eg,g,1II51:15
c:>
$=
g, = =>-lIIo
O
O
Q =
=
1/:)-
g
-
.
C\lgs
xx_ CQ
ggC\l
1/:)-
-
""
o
g
CQC\I
xx_
g
""
1/:)....
-
""
o
o
C\I
xx_
-
gs
s:
xXt-O
....
o
t-O
o
--
o
I I I
C\I
....
s:
....""C\I
xx
....
.... C'I
....
N
.q
....
C\I
:gS1
xXiiS
i
I I (
C\lN O
XXI/:)
QO
-....
o
CQ
I/:)
C\I
xx
........
I 1 I I
I I I
I/:)
I I I
N
o
- xC\!
C'I
""....
Q)
O
XXC\l
C\I
--
""
C\lo
XXC\l
C\I
....-
r I I
I I I
$
I I I
O
I/:) an
:::-
O
1/:)1/:)
:::-
g
I/:)
....
8-
....CQ
--
Q)
a
-
....
s:
S : :
::II .
8:10
o ai.
;
=
.
i
:
.
..0
g,s
S=
cD
t:f
f; III .
cu
cDl:f
IIII:II
I:II«I
11:1:;:
0>& .
8 0 8
«I J:t CIS
=e.
./I
i
;
i
=
II
.
!
(,I
:a
III
o
III
II
to
&
III
I
Go
5
I:
!
J
,0
III
;.
to
i
E
CIS
:II
o
t
CIS
:a
(,I
'»
.Q:I
0)
iii
o:s
::s
o:s
'...
4>
fa
'"
II'
=
Co
I::
.III '8008W
.
:II
i
=
Co
'"
10
s!:
I!I ao.r.&3BODJIOII
C) X3dl'lJ.3b
!i
: ! 1IJ.B3BODitOll
OJO&110
I .
im;..
8,:;11:
1::: 111
II'
G!
..
I}
2
0:a
o
11:
II:
:i
..:
'"
!
I::
=
E-o
lit
8 g
H
S
'» '»
III
: =
I:
i :
: = g 5
"= III
. "= . III -
...: III
II 'eI "= .
a
a
a
aa = ta III
ea
s
t
s
o 4>=4>H =4>
H
=
=o
-=
;
III
,»
&
III
III
8 [
f
8
8
i
E
E
io
111
t t
111
III
o
lIglll
1 2111211
II gll8t "=1II1II
o2=8
"=
1II1i1ll fa III Q III I III 1i1ll
IIIHI
lllifalll
01l=II=CIS
II
=1I0
0!&
II
=0
!!=2
=
=
!
!
!
[l
!;!
!=
[!
ClSIICIS
ClSClSO
CIS
ClSClSOClSO
CIS
CIS
CIS
CIS
CIS
ClSIIICIS
tIllS8tS
8
8
8
8
S
= ==== ===== = == = = = === =
gs
C'J
-
S2. o U':>o
OS
S
0) ...............
x xxxx
g
g
U':) V)..........
X xxxx
g ggS2.
Q) 0_(j$U':>
.......N...
....
.......
o
C'J
gsgsggs
5 5
.
I I" I
C'J C'JNC'JU':>
o 0000
CIS
II
CIS
::II
III
o
:0:
o
=
II
!
II
o
13
;..
=
II
=
'»
,»III
IE
IE:O:
olo
E-<t.iE-<*
.... ....NC\JU{
_l .\ I I t.i
X .....===
.....
I::(I::(-
I::(
o""'
O
OO
o
- -
g
gs
0-0""'-
.................
xxxxx
g
........... .......
xxxxx
8
g o
- - U':>
.... ....N....
....................
ggsgsgsgs
0.0.0 0 U':>
U')U':)...........
II " I
U':>U':>000
00-._....:
III
"=
S
f:
II
=
:0:
=
II
:0:
o
= III
'»
'»
1E
1E1={ CIS
lo
o
IE
t.iE-<t.iE-<<<; a
Iii
&
a
'?U':>
8g
o""'o
=
"=
;
..
o
-
U':>
-
x
g
-
-
x
r-.
-
gsgs
o 00
C'J
C'J
I I I
U':>
C'J
Q 88
t.i 1::(1::(
I::( 0 "'"
R
N .... ........N
X X xxx
0 og
_
8
_
x x x xxx
g
o
- ;;
00
-
o
U':>
"'"
OU':>
r-. tC
OU':>
--
xx
gg
r-. Q)
--
xx
8
-0
-
r-.
-
x
8
-
-
00
C'J
--
g
-
I
g
I
g
I
g
g
I
i
II
i
a
II
I
Co)
II
CIS
=0
t.iE-<
..
:a
Iii
;-
II
!
5
:0:
!2 II
CIS
IE
a
gs
-
-
OOU':>
<ONr-.
tCCIO
-
o
U':>
-
J OO
C'J
--
:i
=
11!
!
II:
II:
IQ
=
8
=
o
o
-
r-.
g
-
x x
x x
g
C'J
gs
r-.
-
-
g
ggsgs 8 gs
gs
I
gs
ch
"=
CIS
III
CIS
::II
?A
8
:0:
..
00
= Eo<
gs
gs
8
t.i o:Z:::z::
I::( = t.i :z::
o I::(
1::(0 "'"
I
8
-
:Ii
o
C.
1:1
i
!
Ii
I;
C)
:a
g
III
co
=
g
II'
.
o
f-
III
'"
;..
I;
o
I::
.
CIS
1
I;
t
CIS
fJ
III
.. :0:
i
0
&
...
CIS.. CIS
=
"'7
tr' :z::
:z:: I::(
E-< 0
I::(
6.2.6. nHTaTenH
f1BTaTeJII> - YCTpoiicTBo, npeABaSBa eBBoe AJIJ'I nOAa H MaTepHaJia B AosaTOp.
llpB BaJI BH BeCOBoro JJ;osaTopa nBTaTeJII> nOAaeT MaTepBaJi B BeCOBoii oYBRep
(KoBm). B Ta6JI. 5.4 npBBeAeBLI pa3MepLI B XapaKTepBCTBRB cepOBO BLInYCKaeMLIX
OABO- B ABYXBBBTOBLIX nBTaTeJIeii B yRasaBLI MaTepHaJILI, AJIJ'I nOAa B' KOTOpLIX
OBH npBMeBHIOTCH.
HaJI Be 60JII>moro HCJIa TBnopaSMepOB BBBTOBLIX nBTaTeJIeii, OTJI alOJD.BXCJ'I
B OCBOBBOM paCCTOHBBeM MemAY OCJ'IMB sarpYSO Boro B pa3rpY30 Boro OTBepCTO,
BbISBaBO paSJI BLIMB yCJIOBBHMB KOMnOBOBKB 060PYAOBaBBH CBCTeM paSBeCKH
Ba paSBbIX saBOAax; KpOMe Toro, Ba TBnopa3Mep nHTaTeJIH OKaSLIBaeT BJIBJ'IBHe
H cxel\la OCBaCTKB peSBBOCMeCBTeJIH (KOJI eCTBO 6yBKepOB, BeCOB B AP.).
B nOCJIeABee BpeMJ'I mBpOKoe pacnpOCTpaBeBHe nOJI BJIB BB6pomBeKOBLIe
nmaTeJIB. TaKHe nHTaTeJIH BbInycKalOTcH cepBHBO co mBeKaMH AHaMeTpOM 50,
75, 100 MM B paSJIB BOii AJIHBbI. B Ta6JI. 5.5 npHBOJJ;HTCH paSMepbI H xapaKTepBC-
THKB BH6pomBeKoBbIx nHTaTeJIeii B yRaSLIBalOTCH MaTepHaJILI, AJIJ'I nOAa B KOTOpLIX
BX CJIeJJ;yeT npBMeBHTb.
ByBKep nBTaTeJIH OCBam;eB KpLIJII> aTLIM YKasaTeJIeM ypOBBH TBna YRM.
llnaTeJIB cKpe6KoBoro TBna (c norpyiI\BLIMB cKpe6KaMB) npBMeBJ'IIOTCJ'I
AJIH nOAa1lH camB OT paCXOAHLIX 6YBKepoB K AosaTopa 1 B nOAKJIIO aIOTCH BenocpeA-
CTBeBBO K pasrpYS01JHOMY OTBepCTBIO 6YBKepa.
HHme npHBeAeBa TeXBH eCKaH xapaKTepHCTBKa nHTaTeJIei cKpe6KoBoro THna:
PaCCTOIIHHe Me)l(Jl.Y
OCIIMU 3arpY30qHOrO H
pa3rpY30qaoro OTBepC-
TBa, MM
5200
5500
6800
9 tOO
10 600
12 100
6700
7000
9000
11200
12 700
14200
PaCCTOIIBHe
Me)i(Jl.Y l{eHT-
PaMH 3BC3J1.G-
qeK, MIll
6420
6720
8020
10 320
11 820
13 320
8620
8920
10920
13 t20
14620
16 130
raOapUTHbie pa3MepY, Hacca,
MM' Kr
7 340 x 500 x 1 057 813
7640X500X1057 834
8940x500xt057 893
11240X500X1057 t040
12740X500x1057 1130
14240x500X1057 :1928
9 540 x 500 X 1 057 973
9840X500X1057 985
11840X500X 1057 1098
14 040 X 500 X 1 057 1247
15 540 X 500 X 1 057 1326
17 040 X 500 X 1057 1424
JIJ'I Bcex npBB8AeBBLIX nBTaTeJIeH:
ITPOB3BOABTeJIbBOCTb, M3/IIDB 0.048-0.2
CKOpOCTb BHmeBBH n;euJI, M/C 0.06-0.25
Pa3MepH n;eno, MM
mar 3Beaa . . . . . 100
mBpoBa 3BeBa . . 231
PasMepH meno6a, MM
BHCOTa ..... 320
mupBBa . . . . . 250
ITpHBO
8JIeKTpOABHraTeJIb
TBn . . . . . . A02-3t-4-M:101
MOIn;BOCTb, RBT 2.2
'IaCTOTa Bpam;euHH,
06/MBU ..... 1500
peAYKTOp
Tun . . . . . . . . PQIT-120-A-I11-1
nepe aTO'1BOe '1I1CJIO 3:1'
PasMepH OTBepcmii, MM
3arpy30'IaOe . 900 X 250
pa3rpy30'liiOe 440 X 250
it BaRa8 163 161
'111
Q)
i
fot.
m
H
i
i
;:
fot
'"
!
o
fot
III:
t
CII
iI<
It:i
'"
::r
::!
't
\()
'"
e-.
162
..
:<:
...
:zr
Po
:I!
:3 :I.
Po'"
"'
U
Po
",,,,
10'"
",10
I1Hudam
<>;
c:.6
h
=
",[; foSoci
",J:t;..co
i!!
Co:;! '" ==
.. 0 g
:a
t:l
g.2
cuCQ g.
Co" .. '"
o '" '"
"'Po
'"
=
g,
t::
'" ti =
"gj
"'.......
"'",10
I:J' g,0
I0Il
I
I!
III
=
I0Il
:a
g,
'"
:a
'"
'"
Co
;
g,
too
'"
:a
'"
111
HBJt/.lIl 'q.L:/OH
-qU9.I.Il1!oeeHodu
.:= :I
>=.::a",
"':1<;
=
ClCU
""'fo
"'I:t=
:::O
I:I
I1J.O:1l'19
I/)
I
C<)
o
r-
N
'"
Ie
!
gs
I
N
I
8
'd'
-
o
t-C<)
-0
XN
co
Q)
:21
IQ
o
fot
III
1:1
IQ
o
1:1
I:(
o
1:1
I:;
Q)
fot
CII 0
fot
=
N
I/)
C<)
.ii
55
II
::EI/)
Q)t-
c.,-
I::
00
Q>
N
........
Q>
N
-
r..
CII
:r
'"
f!3
:G
o
o
n
ro
J
co
c:>
N
N
o
r-
N
CI:)
C<)
I
N
N
8
I
8
-<!'
-
o
t-CI:)
....0
XN
co
o
t-C<)
....0
XN
co
-
'" .- .0
,= -("\I'" '-'C\I
g
E-<
=
t;fEfl/)g
l::__
8.=
'd'\O::J"
o IQ '........- 0 A.o
:<:
:g "0 c., "
::;- 0 s:f
::..
" ,,
t:::(; :.:; ..:'
-- A.o
O
I/)
"""'N"""'M
..................--...............
I/)I/)I/)N
-et5C<)06
55
-
o
L")
-
:g
...
................0........
Q> _ .C<)
:;jCOQ>'d'
...
.:I
0::
III
=
...
-
:r
>.
fot
=:
i
=
u
N
I
L")
co
co
N
00
g
N
g
N
00
r-t-
NN
o
'd'
gs
I
N
N
o
C<)
..0
ON
C<)
g
N
I
8
::!:
o
o
8
'.N
8-
r-
-
o
l- C<)
-0
XN
co
I/)
-
06
........
I/)
C<)
C<)C'!.
01/)
'd'C<)
o
I/)
-
,isj .--
:<! . .
55
gjgS-_
S! " " " "
Q) .....cq
.
ca..
"'
"'"
Q)--
=
55
-
o
I/)
-
N
et5
........
t-
et5
.....
Or-
et5N
................
NQ>
cr)
--
I
Q)
\0
I:;
o
ca
:c;
Q)
:21
IQca
01:;
:<:=
=1:;
a-
N
""
-
N
g
N
Q>
-
00
-
8
-
o
NO
-I/)
x-
CO
'"
e:: ..
/""f""
O::;;;;JQ:I
... CO :<:
=,
:QC'J_
C)I ...;
c.,N I '
..0 J
:<:<:.:;
--
CI:>
L':>
-
.i:i
:<!o
=00
I
::00
oC'J
c.,-
Q)
CI
-
:<';)Q>-
C\i..4M"
........................
'd' I/) 00
,.:
10
ca
I:; :E
Q)caQ)
:Suu
N C<) 11:100 0
"<I' ::;gs
....
"<I'
0 11:1 coco CO
.
.... N..........
N "<I' CI':)>r.'1I:I "<I'
0 8 CO 00 CO 8
C>j ....--
N 00 11:111:111:1 00
0> i
"<I'
- 11:1
11:1
NNN N
o
o
o
....
8
N
-
o
g
x....
co
8 N
.,..00
Xx
80
..".'.'1
....:\1
-
,
....:...
=00
,
i t:: __
--
....
'gIJ."<I'
o c.,11
\I t:.
s::
i:I.
.
I=; -=
Q)
..- ....
:;
i c.,=:::;
e
::::;o
;;..
g},?C<) 0
o
g,N 118 gf
II
!;;o:<!:
IJ.
:::..
<"""II IJ.
CI:>
00
co
.,..
='.
Q.>,= I
::iIo
c.,Izi N
-
= 0
Q) ..IJ?
:::!'=:-
Q)::iI!
=8
= -
= 0
Q) ..11:1
:01'=:-
Q)::iI!
1118
t:I ....
-
I
cb
o
IJ?
o
-
51==
0= =2:=:
c., ::iI1=;
r-
g !ii
to..
Q) Q)
a.g I
::iI::iII:(O!oogs!oo
::
8.8
;.;...:>.t::o
U
,1:1:
111<11
<11=
IIIit'
00
c., to .
=
,Q
:>'I:I:
111<11::.1
III<,)
J;.,
it-
888
=....U')
---
-
c>
::II
SA
o
'"
III
=:
SA
:>.
SA
I=(
=
1:1
Q)
to
CIS
to
1=1
=:
=
C<)
XX
I
0
...."<1'
xX
8
.,..N
,=,.Q i: ii"':'
o I:INQ:! ==
1II
/""f";';::EC:: ....
'"CIS;;;;) )!c.,..1
g... I 1I:I
Oo--
c.,1:I"I'cQ 0\0 0 tNg
oCQco.......... ...."";"
;.; ;t:::::..:ggo
t:: II
:;::;o
111111 IJ.
=q;
t
>!:loll i:=-...:.
O
NQ:!=:= ::r
III,"
;';::E= )'--
t
1I:I
c.,=:
0="<1' .\O\O
;;..
go eicb
00 t:.A
a o:::::..:gg
&:rii5 II
M
;r.;o
CI':)
C)I
111111
J::( :;;
s:! t
co
N
--
N
....
co
....
--
o
co
-
iii 0
Q) ..11:1
:::!>!:I-
Q)::iI1
!i:i8
t:I ....
8
N
III 0
Q) ..11:1
:o1 j =....
Q)::iI!
1118
t:I ....
CC!.
o .
_00
...........;.c
IJ? "
"CI':)
C<)
co
o
-
--
11:1
.r;
"<I'
, :a .
11:1 .
g .
.
I:I::S
:>'I:I:!
m<,)
f:
.111
=
1:1
1:10
<V <II
:S
t63
Ta6.cu'la 5.5. XapauepBCTBBa Bo6p
BoBBO-lDBeKOJll>lX DBTaTenen.
PaSMepy fatiapBTBye
mBeKa, P8CCTOIIBHe paSMepy
MM
aCTOT8 Melfl!U' OCIIU (lies mBeKa), 111M
MaTepHaJl, DPOBSBOJIB- Bpa
eBHII aarpyaOqBOro
TBu UO.ll8BaeMY8 TeJIbBOCTh, mBeKa. u paarpyso'l- ..
IlHT8TeneM Rr /MHB '" 011 /UB Boro i II:
oTaepcTBa. <U
B
MM III
.. a '"
Ii <U I
EI :Ii'!
IT-50 Cepa 1.0/1,6 50 40 30/47 1200 1430
1400-5200 726 t700 420
IT B-2 OncL MarRU 0.47/0,75 1200
1400-2600 1940 726 t700 460
IT-50 ToypaM 0.5/0.8 1200 1430
1400-2200 726 1700 42()
50 40 30/47 1200
IT B-2 <IlTaJleBd 0,9/1.5 1400-2600 1940 726 1700 460
aBrJl;l(p
IT-75 Cepa 3.2/4.8/7.52 75 1200
80 20/30/47 1400-5200 1430 726 t700 435
OKUCL MarBBJI 1.6/2.4/3.7
TsypaM 1,7/2.6/3.8 1200
1400-2600
N -HBTp030AD- 2.3/3,5/5.25 75 80 20/30/47 1430 726 t700 435
!lieBOJlaMBB
<IlTaJleBHi 2,8/4,2/6.8
aBroAPBp;
. ITB-3P AnLTaxC 1.8/2,6/4.2 1200 1940 726 1700 400
KanTaKc 1,912.8/4.48 1400-5200
ITpoP;YKT 4010 2,3/3.5/5.6 75 80 20/30/47
CaIlTOKlOp 2.2/3.3/5.28
A<Ilr 2.3/3.4/5.44
HeosoJl A 2.6/3.9/6.84
OKSCL l\HBKa 7/11 tOO 100 30/47 1200 1430 t700 435
IT-100 1400-220 726
ITB-4 1200
1400-5200
* nJIII BCeX TBUOpa3MepOB ButiPaInJOBBo-DJBeROBWC IIHTaTeneA OJIBB8KOBY: 1) qaCTOTa BP8IQeBBJI BB(ipa-
UBOBBoro Bana n=2840 oII/MDB; 2) oII'IoeM aarpyao'lBoro tiYBHe
V"'0 1 2 M'; 3) 8neKTpOJlBBraTeJIb upBBo.a
.AOJI-2-21-UU-2 (N=1,1KBT, n=1440 oII/MHB); ') pC!U'KTOP n;nH-17,o-VII ('=24,').
5.2.6. 06oPYAosaHHe CHCTeM aBTOMaTH'4eCKorO
ynpaBneHHfI
¥npaBJIeBBe npo
eccaMB nOAa
H MaTepBaJIOB, BX paSBeCKH B sarpYSKB B peSB-
BOCMeCBTeJIB B ynpaBJIeBBe npOn;eccaMH CMemeBBJ'I aBTOMamSBpOBaBO B o6ec-
ne'lBBaeTCH Cnen;BaJILBLIMB cpeACTBaMB; KOTOpLIMII KOMDOBYIOTCJ'I CBCTeMLI, BLInOJI-
BHIOJD.He CJIeJJ;YIOJD.Be ipyBKn;HH:
1) ynpaBJIeHBe npOn;eccaMB aBTOMaTH1JeCKOrO BSOBpaTeJII>BOrO AOSBpOBaBBH
KOMnOHeBTOB CMeCB C sap;aBBoH TO
BOCTLIO;
2) OTC'IeT KOJIB
eCTBa BSrOTOBJIeBBLIX 6e
eB peSHBOBLIX cMeceB;
3) ynpaBJIeHBe npOn;eccaMH nOArOTOBKH H sarpYSKB rOTOBLIX AOS MaTepBaJIOB
B peSHHOCMeCBTeJJI> B saJJ;aBBO
f pemBMe;
t64
4) ynpaBJIeBBe npOn;eCCaMH CMemeHHJ'I COrJIaCHO 8aAaBBoMy pemBMY;
5) 6JIOKHpOBKa B CBrHaJiBSan;BH, o6ecne
BBalOJD.Be npOBeAeBHe Tpe6yeMoB
nOCJIeAOBaTeJILHOCTB onepan;Hii TeXHOJIOr
eCKoro npon;ecca, ipHKCBpYIOm;He BeHC-
npaBBOCTI> pa60TLI OCBOBBoro H BcnOMOraTeJII>HOrO 060pYAoBaBBH B ero OTBeT-
CTBeBBLIX ySJIOB B OC
eCTBJIJ'IIOm;Be OCTaBOB oOopYAoBaHBJ'I B CJI
ae BapymeBHB,
KOTopLIe Moryr nOBJIe1J1> YXYAJIleBHe Ka
eCTBa npHrOTaBJIHBaeMOB CMeCH BJIB nOJIOMKY
06oPYAoBaBBH. .
,1];JIH ynpaBJIeBBJ'I npOn;eccaMB npHrOTOBJIeBBH peSHBOBLIX CMeceB OTe
eCTBeB-
BLIMB 8aBOAaMB BLInycKaeTCJI oOopYAoBaBHe aBTOMaTB
eCKBX CHCTeM ABYX TBnOB.
J
8
G
Poco 5.4. CxeMa nOTO'lllo-aBTOMaTR'19CKOB J1BBBB t ynpaBJIJleMol cBcTeMoB CA,&:
1 - IIIJC8t11 IUITOMaTBKB; 2 - C€KQBII; , - IIBeMOCXella; 4 - QeBTP8JIbRYa UYJIbT yDpaJIJIeBBII; 6 - iCTPOa-
CTIIO AM C'lBTWB8BBII Dporp8MM C ueptfloKaPT; 6 - CBJIOBOa mKatll; 1 - UYJIbT yDpaBneBBSl DOJJylUlTOllaT&q8C-
ItIDlB Bec8MB; 8 - lIeCTHY8 UYJIbT yDpaJIJIeBBII; 9 - AOBaTOp C AaT'IBKOM Beea.
CHCTeMa GYP,1]; (paspa60TaBa HHRTH) B 6JIO
BOM BCnOJIBeBBB BLlnOJIBeBa
Ha OCBOBe peJIeBBO-KOHTaKTBOB annapaTypLI. BJIOKB, BLInOJIBHIOm;Be B CBCTeMe
ynpaBJIeHBH pa8JIB
BLIe ipyHKn;B:H, BSaBMOSaMeBJ'IeMLI. ,1];aT1JBKB BeCOBLIX JJ;088TO-
pOB CeJII>CBBBOrO TBna. nporpaMMa saJJ;aeTCH C nOMOm;1>1O mTeRepBoro KOMM}TTaTOpa,
a TaKme B08MomBO nOAKJIIO
eBBe YCTpOBCTBa C
HTLIBaHBJ'I C nepipopBpoBaBHOB
RapTLI. 060PYJJ;OBaHBe CBCTeMLI C"YP,1]; BLInYCKaeTCH KOMnJIeKTBO saBOAOM nopn;HOH-
BLIX aBTOMaTOB HM. <D. 3. ,1];sepmHBcKoro (RBeB).
CHcTeMa CA,IJ; paSpa60TaBa yKpaHBcKBM BHCTHTYTOM 3JIeKTpOTJ'ImXBMnpOeKToM.
AnnapaTypa ynpaBJIeBBH oasHpyeTcH Ba 6ecKoHTaKTHLIx 3JIeMeBTax H BLInOJIHeHa
B OJIO
BLIX KOBCTpYKn;BJ'IX. BJIOKH nOJIHOCTl>1O BsaHMosaMeHHeMLI. CBHSB C BCnOJIHB-
TeJII>BLIMB MexaBBSMaMH BLInOJIHeBLI Ba peJIeBHO-KoBTaKTBoB annapaType.
B CBCTeMe npBMeHeHLI ipoT08JIeRTpBQeCI\Be AaTQHKB Beca THna "YB<D, paspa6oTaB-
BLIe RBeBcKBM BHCTHTyTOM aBTOMaTBKB.
Ha pBC. 5.4 nOKaS8.Ha cxeMa nOTO
Bo-aBTOMaTB
eCKOB JIBHBH, ynpaBJIHeMOii
CBCTeMOB CA,1];.
r J1ASA 6
PE3HH006PA6A TbIBAtOLJ.!HE KAnAH,lJ,Pbl
6.1. HA3HAYEHHE H KJ1ACCHIJIHKA
HfI KAJ1AHAPOB
KaJIaHJJ;p COCTOBT liS BeCKOJII>KBX napaJIJleJILHO paCnOJIO)KeHBLIX BaJiROB,
BpamaIOmHXCJI B npoTHBOnOJIo»tHLIX BanpaBJIeBBHx. IIJIacTH'IHaH peSHBOBaJ'I 6MeCI>
camMaeTCH MemJJ;Y BaJIKaMJiI D npoKaTLIBaeTcH B JIBCT HJIB BTHpaeTCJ'I B TKaHI>.
'I 3 S npo
ecc 06pa6oTKH peSHBOBLIX cMeceB Ba
! t:a.lIaBJJ;pax HaSLIBaeTCJ'I KaJIaBAPOB8.HBeM.
t
B pesBHoBoii npOMLImJIeBBOCTH MeTOJJ;OM
J{aJIaHJJ;poBaBBH npoHsBoAHT JIBCTLI B JIeB-
, TLI, npo«flBJIHpOBaBBLIe nJIaCTBBLI C «fIB-
rYPHLIM ce
eHHeM, npopesBHeBBLIe TKaBB
(npoMasaBHLie BJIH 06JIOmeBHLIe peSBBOBOB
CMeCI>IO), a TaKme Ay6JIBpOBaBBLle (CABO-
eHBLIe) MaTepHaJILI. COOTBeTCTBeBBO pas-
JIH'IaIOT CJIeJJ;YIOm;Be onepa
HH: JIBCTOBa-
Bile, TBCHeBBe, npo«flBJIBpOBaBBe, 06-
KJIaJJ;Ka, npOMaSKa H JJ;y6JIBpOBaBHe.
RaJIaHJJ;pbI OTJIH'laIOTCH APyr OT APyra
B OCHOBBOM KOJIH'leCTBOM BaJIKOB, BX
pacnOJIOmeBHeM (pIlC. 6.1) B paSMepaMH
pa60'leB
aCTH BaJIKa. no
BCJIY BaJIKOB
KaJIaBJJ;pLI JJ;eJIHTCJ'I Ba TpeXBaJIKOBLIe,
e-
TbIpeXBaJIKOBLIe H nHTHBaJiKOBLIe. IIo Bsa-
HMBOMY pacnOJIOmeBHIO BaJiKOB TpeXBaJI-
KOBLIe KaJIaBAPLI. nOJJ;paSAeJIHIOTCH Ba Tpe-
yrOJILBLIe (c pacnOJIOmeBBeM oceii BaJIKOB
nOA yrJIOM 60 0 , 90° HJIB 120°) B BepTH-
KaJILBble;
eTLIpeXBaJIKOBLIe - Ba BepTH-
KaJILBLIe, r-06pasBr.le, L-06pasBLIe, Z-06-
paSBLIe H S-06pasBLIe; nHTBBaJiKOBLIe-
Ha T-06pasBLIe; F-06pasBLIe B S-06paa-
HLIe(cM. pBc.6.1). RJIaCcB«fIHKa
BH KaJIaB-
APOB no BX BaSBa
eBHIO, O)];BaKO, npBMe-
BHeTCH
am;e, TaK RaK B AaBBOM c
ae
JIY'lme Y'lBTLIBaIOTCJ'I cneI(H«fIH'leCKBe oco-
6eBBOCTH MamBBLI. PaSJIB
aIOT KaJIaH-
APLI JIBCTOBaJII>BLIe, 06KJI8A0
BLIe, npo-
MaSOQBLIe, yBBBepCaJII>BLIe, npo«flHJIb-
HLIe, JIa60paTopBLIe.
Ra'JIaBAPLI paSJIH'IaIOTCJ'I TaKme no cnoc06aM perYJIBpOBaBHJ'I TeMnepaTypLI
BaJIKOB H sasopa MeiuAY BBMB.
Do HOBOMY fOCT 11993-71 onpe)];eJIHIO
HMB napaMeTpaMH peSBBo06pa-
6aTLIBalOm;JilX KaJIaBJJ;pOB HBJIHIOTCH
BCJIO BaJIKOB, ABaMeTp, JJ;JIBBa pa60
eB
aCTH BaJIKOB 11 cxeMa DX pacnOJIOmeHIIH. Bce KaJIaBAPLI nOJJ;paSJJ;eJIJ'IIOTCH
4
S G
,
7
8
9
\
10 11 13
T4f
PRC. 6.1. PasJUI'IIUde cxeMH paCDOJIO)l(eBBJI
BaJIKOB RaJJas.n;pOB:
1. 3. 4 - BepTBKaJIbBaJI; 2 - TpeyronlrBaJI; 6-
r-otipa3BaJI; 6 - Z-otipa3Rall; '1. 8, 9, 12 - 8-011-
pa3Rall; 10 - T-otipa3Ball; 11 - F-otipa3Ball.
166
Ba TPH TUna (no
BCJIY BaJIKOB): Tpex-,
eTLlpex- B nHTBBaJiKOBLle. 3THM rOCT
npeAYCMaTpUBaeTCH BSrOTOBJIeBBe CJIeAYIOm;BX TBnopaSMepOB KaJIaHAPOB:
0003BaqeHBe
RanaOJIPOB *
TpeXBanKOBHe
BepTBKaJlbHHe
TpeyroJlbBHe .
qeTHpexBanKOBHe
r-06pasJWe
S-06paSBHe
3-160-320
3-310-500
3-500-1250
3-710-1800
(4-200-600) **
4-500-1250
4-710-1800
4-950-2800
(5-200-600) **
5-250-630
nRTBBanKOBHe .
S-06pasBHe
* UepBoe 'Ulcno 0003Haqae-r ROml'leCTBO saMOB K8-
naBApa, BTopoe D TP€Tb€ - COO'J'IIeTCTBeBBO JlB8JleTJ) D
AnDRY JlalloQea 'IaCTB B8J1Ra B MM.
** RanaBJU>Y, oG03Ha'l€OHII ROTOPWX B811T11 B CKoGIUI,
nocne BanallCBBaSBII ce PH!lHOro BllUl}'CR8 KaJIaJlJlP8
fi-2fiO-630 GYAJT CBIITY C npOBBBOJtCTBa.
rOCT H993-71, BBeAeBHbIB B AeBCTBBe C 1/1 1972 r., OTJI1l
aeTCJ'I OT
rOCT 11993-66, BBe)J;eBHoro B )J;eiiCTBBe B 1966 r., 6oJII>mBM
HCJIOH THUo-
paSMepOB KaJIaBAPOB, nOBLlmeBHLIMH Tpe6oBaBBJ'IMB: K TBepAOCTU pa601JeB no-
nepXBOCTH BaJIKOB (HRC 48-55 BHeCTO HRC 45), I< o6pa60TKe nOBepXBOCTH
(He BHme 8-ro KJIaCCa
HCTOTLI BMeCTO 7-ro KJIaCCa no rOCT 1966 r.).
6.2. 06UJ,EE YCTPOACTBO KAnAHAPOB
B pesBBoBoB npOMbImJIeBBOCTB 3KCnJIyaTHpyIOTcH KaJIaBAPLl pas
BLlx TBno-
pasMepoB B KOBCTPYKD;UB. 06m;ee YCTPOBCTBO KaJIaBAPOB paCCMOTpBM Ba npBMepe
BaB60JIee TBnH'IBLlX MamBB.
B Ta6JI. 6.1 H 6.2 npBBeAeBa TeXB
eCKM XapaRTep1lCTHRa KaJIaBAPOB, BLlnyC-
KaeMbIX OTe
eCTBeHBLJMB saBO)J;aMB. :Us Ta6JI. 6.1 BHABO, 1JTO B HaCTOJ'Im;ee BpeMJ'I
B TpeXBaJIKOBLlX YBBBepCaJII>BbIX KaJIaBApaX 06bI
BO npHMeBJ'IeTCJ'I TpeyrOJIbBOe
pacnOJIOmeBBe BaJIKOB. C 8Toro KaJIaBApa MLl H Ba'lBeM onHcane KOBCTPYKn;mi
KanaBAPoB.
¥BHBepcaJIbBltlii TpeXBaJIROBltlii KaJIaBAp 3-710-1800 C TpeyrOJII>BLIM pacno-
JImneHHeM BaJIKOB nORasaB Ba pBC. 6.2. RaJiaBAP npe)J;BaSBa
eB AJIJ'I OABOCTOPOB-
HeB 06KJIaAKB H npOMaSKH TKaBB (KoPABoii B KB8ApaTBoro nepenJIeTeBHJ'I) pesHBoBoB
CMeCI>IO. .n.BaMeTp pa6o
eB
acTU BaJiKOB KaJIaBApa 710 MM, AJIHBa 1800 MM.
BaJiKH pa60TalOT B nOAmBnBBKax Ka
eBBH, KOTopLle YCTaBOBJIeBLI B CTaBHBax 13,
CBJ'I8aBBLlX MemAY C060B cBnpBoB TpaBepcoB. CpeABBB BaJIOK 16
JIDBAP
eCKHB,
a BepxBBB 15 B BH
\HBB 17 HMelOT 60M6BPOBRY COOTBeTCTBeBBO 0,127 B 0,025 MM.
.n.JIJ'I BarpeBa HJIH OXJIam)1eBBJ'I Bce BaJIKB HHeIOT nepHcJJepHiiBo pacnOJIOmeHBLle
CBepJIeHbIe RaBaJILl, B KOTOpLlX D;HPKYJIHpyeT BOAa, nOAaBaeMaJ'I C YCTaBOBKB npBro-
TOBJIeBBH BO)J;Ll. TeMnepaTypa nOBepxBocTH BaJIKOB perYJIBpyeTcH AO 120 °C c TO
-
HOCTI>IO :t3 °C no AJIHHe BaJIKa. Pa60
He oRpymBLle CROpOCTH BepXBero B BBmBero
BaJIKOB paBBLl 5,7-83,6, cpeABero 8,7-87 M/MDB; cJJPBRD;HH Mem)J;y CpeABBM B HBm-
BHM If JIB CpeABlJM H BepXBBH BaJiKaMH paBBa COOTBeTCTBeBBO 1,5 BJIB 1,1. 3an-
paBO'lBaJ'I CKOpOCTI> KaJIaHApa 4 M/MHB. BaJIKH BLlnOJIBeBLI BS oT6eJIeHBOrO
yrYBa C rJIy6HBoB oT6eJIeBBOrO CJIOJ'I o6pa60TaBBoro BaJIKa 8-15 MH.
nO)J;mHnHBKB BepXBero B BBmBero BaJII<OB cBa6meBLl
eTLlpLMJ'I HexaBH8MaMH
)J;JIJ'I perYJJHpOBaBBH sasopa B MOryT nepeMem;aTLCH B npopesJ'IX CTaHHBLl.
167
npofJOMICeltUe ma6A. 6.1.
YBBBepcanb- YBBaepcanb- YBBaepcanb-
BYit PTH BYa BJoIit
3-710-18000; H KOpJU!htit 3-710-1800;
HBJleICCY: 3-710-1800; BBJleKCY:
JIeBWI
ICCY: ne- JleBWI
fi03088; BWI fi03071; 1103069;
ugaBWI
aBWI ngaBWI
fi 3089 fi 3070 fi 3080
BnOI,-peAYJCTOp 3aBO
a «BonLmeBsKI)
TBn BK-1'5-3-71 BK-15-3-71 -
neCAaTO'IBoe 'lBcno 4.05 4.05 -
ABapJil oe BLIKJIIO'I9BBe 3neKTpo
BBaMB'ecKoe
ra6apUTBHe paaMepH, II)( 11 350
,ItJJDB8 9415 9415
mltpBBa 5850 4200 4200
BHOOTa 4560 3780 3780
acea, T tOO 83.3 83,3
M
MeX8BHSM perYJIHpOB8BDJ'I S8S0p8 npeACTaBJIHeT COOOB AByx
epBH
BLIii peAYRTop
C DH)J;DBH.nyaJII>BLIM g,JI8Bn;eBLIM 8JIeKTpOABHr8TeJIeM 10. XOA nO)J;DIDIIBHROB orp8-
BJI1IHBaeTCJ'I KOBe1JHLIMD BLIKJIIO
aTeJIHMH. MaKCBM8JII>BLIB paS)J;BHr B8JIKOB 20 MM.
10
3
2
16
17
IZ
1
0,: 0'(.)."0 C:i
o ,?......... (..? ...
.0: "tJ: 0;.. 0.". a';:," 0.0; tl::J.." 0.." 'C;o::oo'o..o;
; q':O:6 o.q. ...., 0-' 0" 0.: .
... ;0:.. 0." :.0..
o ::0:/'0..:0:....0: :<::7.-. q:/:
t70
npOTeKTOp- npocnOeqHblft
YBHBepeanbBYI npOCnOe'lBWa HId JIM BlUIomeBHII ,nnll BIldlYORa JIaliOpaTO
lIJJIa
3-610-1730; 3-fiOO-12fiO; 3-600-i2fiO; cKBRJlmeA HSOmU\HOBBlolX 3-160-3 0;
lIBJIeKcy: HlIJJ;eKCY: lIBJIeRCM: nee 3-360-1100; neST 3-310-fiOO; HlIJJ;eKC
neBWt fi030fi7; neBIllit fi03078; Bya fi03082; DlIJJ;eRCM: HBJleKC BB-21t' n
DPlUlbIA fi03058 npsBWI fi03077 n8 1U1Y1 neBYI fi03067; neBYI fi03086
fi 3081 Dpa!1W8 ,fi03068
.
- BR-1Q-3-50 BK-10-3-50 - BR-44-3-310 -
- 50.33 50,33 - - -
3JIeRTpO
BHaMR'IeCKOe 3JIeKTpO
RHaMU'1eCKOe
9090 5390 5200 3814 3410 1950
5823 3230 3230 3075 2050 1200
3192 3300 2605 2030 1750 1200
49 35,2 33.6 14.7 9,1 2,5
DOAmBnHBKB cpeAHero BaJIl<a Sal<penJIeBLI BenOABB)l,HO B CTaHBBax I<a-
:IaRApa.
CMaSl<a nOAmBnHHI<OB mHAI<OCTHaH. Hacoc MaCJIHHOB CTaH
BH nOAaeT MacJIO
B BepxBBB pesepByap 9, OTI<YAa OBO no MaCJIOnpOBOAaM nocTynaeT caMOTeKOM
I< CMa3LIBaeMbIM nOBepXBOCTHM nOAmBnBHKOB. ROJIH1JeCTBO MaCJIa, nOAaBaeMoro
B nOJJ;WBnHBKB, perYJIBpyeTcH HrOJII>1JaTLIMH I<JIaD8.HaMB. Tal<Be I<JIanaHLI YCTaBa-
BJIHBaIOTCH Ba l<amAOM MaCJIOnpOBOAe. :Us nOAIDBnBHI<OB MaCJIO CTel<aeT B 6al< Ma-
CJIHBOB CTaBl\lIB. nepeA nYCI<OM 1<8JIaB,!@a M8MO nOAorpeBaIOT, a npB pa60Te
oXJIa)l(AaIOT. MacJIo, nOAaBaeMoe Ba nOAmHnBHl<lI, 4>HJII>TpyeTCJ'I. HaJIB
He MaMa B
nOAWBnHHl<ax KOHTpOJIHpyeTcH pLl1JamBO-I<OBmOBOB CBCTeMOB C 1<0He
BLIlr1H BLII<JIIO-
"IaTeJIHllfB, CBJ'IaaHHbIMH C CHrBaJII>BLIMH JIaMnaMlI Ba nYJII>Te ynpaBJIeHBJ'I. 06LI1JBO
nOAaqa MaCJIa 06eCne"IHBaeT TaRme 1JaCTH1JBOe OXJIamAeBHe nOAmBDBBI<OB. CMa3Ka
MexaHBSMOB' perYJmpOBaBHH sasopa D;eBTpaJIHSOBaHBaJ'I rycTaH. PeAYI<TOp H
6;IOK-peAYI<TOp BMeIOT OTAeJII>BOe CMaS01JBOe YCTPOBCTBO. KaJIaBAP cBa6meB Mexa-
HBsMaMB AJIJ'I BLI60pa JII04P'OB B nOAIDHDBHKaX BaJII<OB B B 3BeHbHX MeXamlSMOB
perYJIJlpOBaBBH pa60"IBX sasopOB, 1JTO nOBLlDIaeT T01JBOCTI> l<aJIB6pa BLInYCl<aeMoro
JIBCTa. 3TB MexaHH3MLI npeACTaBJIHIOT C060B rHAPO
JIBBAPLI 7 (CM. pHC. 6.2), co-
eAHBeBHbIe TlIraMD C 1<0JII>D;aMH BaAeTLIMH Ba meBI<H BaJII<OB. ,
Ha KaJIaH;J;pax cTapoB ROBCTpyl<mD1 BepaBBOMepHaH no mBpHBe TOJIJD.HBa
o6JI())l(eBBOrO 1<0PAa (npH1JBBOB HBJIHeTCH nporB6 BaJIROB B peSYJIbTaTe pacnopBLIX
YCBJIB
MemAY BaJIKaMH, BOSBBl<aIOm;ux npH npoxomAeBBB 06pa6aTLIBaeMOro
MaTepBaJIa) BbIpaBHDBaJIaCI> TOJII>I<O sa C1JeT 60M6HPOBRH BaJIROB, BeJIB1JHHa ROTOpO:B
AOJI1KHa COOTBeTCTBOBaTI> Xapal<TepHCTHl<e 06pa6aTLIBaeMoro MaTepHaJIa. llPH
06p86oTRe Ha l<aJIaHApe pa3JIH1JBLlX MaTepHaJIOB nOCTOJ'IHBaJ'I Be
HBa 60M6H-
pOBI<B He 06eCne1JHBaJIa Be06xOAHMOB paBBOTOJIJD.BBHOCTH JIHCTa. B COBpeMeBBLIX
KaJIaBApaX, I<al< B y paCCMaTpBBaeMoro RaJIaBApa, npeAYCMOTpeBLI MexaBH3MLI
nepel<peJD.BBaBHJ'I BepXBero BaJIl<a co cpeABBM.
MexaBBSMLI nepeKpelD;BBaBHH COCTOHT BS 1JepBH1JBOrO peAyI<Topa C BHAHBlI-
AyaJII>HLlM aJIel<TpOABBraTeJIeM 14, 1<0TOpLIe CBHsaBLI o6JD.IIM BaJIOM H pacnOJIO)l,eHLI
PBC. 6.2. 'YBBBepCaJIbBHB TpeXBaJIKOBHB KanaBAP C TP9yroJIldlLD( paCDonomeBser.t BIUlI\OB
aaBOAa cBOJIr.meBBK&:
1 - sneKTPOABHraTenb rnaBBoro opHBolla; 2 - PeJ1YKTOP D I!JIOK-PeJ1YKTOP; 8 - BeB'l'BJI1ITOp AM OXJIaHlACIl>11!
aneICTPOABuraT€JIII; 4 - TPaBCUOPTEP DDTaTeJIII; 5 - YKaSaTeJIb uepeJ<peIQIIBaHD1I Bepmero BanICa; 6 - rnnpo-
lUfJIDHAP MexaHDsMa oepeKpem,HBaHlUI BepXBero BanKa; 7 - rDJlPOD;IUIBJIJIPY MeX8HHSMOB BYliopa ,1:o<l>roB
meeK BaJIKOB; 8 - ROMMYHBKaUIUI BYCOKOrO AaBneHDII rDAJIOI\HJ1BBJIPOB; 9 - BepXHDit peaepByap AJIII Macna;
10 - sneRTJ)OABBraTeJIH MexaBBSMOB perynBpoBaHDII sasopoB; 11 - PeJ1YKTOPY MexaHDSMOB pcrynltpOlllUDfIi
sasopoB; 12 - MacnoupOBOA; 18 - CTaHBBa; 14 - SneICTJ)OJIBDraTeJIb MexaHDSMa ncpeICpem,BBaH1lll BeJ)xsero
BanKs; 15, 16, 17 - BepxllUA, cpeABJdt B BHmHB1! BanICB; I' - tYRAaMeBTBall omrra.
171
BaJIKB C D;BJIUHAPuqeCKOH nOBepXHOCTLID C nepB
epBiiHMM CBepJIeHBeM 060-
rpeBaIDTCH B OXJIamAaIDTCH BOAoH" no,naBaeMoH co CTa
npn:rOTOBJIeHBH BO,nY.
Pa60qaH TeMneparypa BaJiKOB ,no 120°C, OHa perYJIBpyeTcH aBTOMaTH"IeCKB
C TOqHOCTLID AO j: 3 °C no AJiBBe BaJiKa.
MeXaHBSMY perYJIBpOBaHUH sasopOB MemAY BaJiKaMH BHABBHAyaJILHMe.
OHB YCTaHOBJleHY Ha KamAOM KOHD;e BaJlKa C npBBOAoM OT OT,neJlLHYX 3J1eKTPO-
,nBBraTeJIeH nOCTOHHHoro TOKa n-52 (MOID;HOCTL 4,5 KBT, HanpHmeHBe 220 Bt'
qaCTOTa BpaID;eHHH 1000 06/MHH) qepes ,nByxcTyneHqaTye rJl060HABYe peAyKTOpy.
Puc. 6.3. 'leTLIpenaJJJCoBYi KaJIaBAP 4-710-1800 C S-05pasIILIM paCDOJlomeBBeM BanROB:
1 - YCTaHOBKa C BBAyJ(TJIBIDDIB U uaOTOIJIIYMB AaT'IUKaJIII JIJ1II ueDpeplilBHoro ODpeAeneBBR Kamtllpa Dpo-
peaBBeBuoA TKamr; 2 - "'1JUI;1IMeBTKaJI DnIIT8.; 3 - lIexamrall aarpyal<B _uero aaaopa; 4 - IIIDIUIIdt
BIoIBOCBOA BMOK; S - IIIDIriodt OCBOBBOA BIUIOK; 6 - BeBTIIJIIITOP oxnaIKAeBBR DPBBOAuoro aneJCTPOABlD'a-
<remr; 7, 16 - lIeX8.B1181111 peryaJlpOB8111111 8aaopoB; 8 - aepKMO; g - lIesamrall a
yal<B Bepmero aa80pa;
10 - Bepxmd BIoIBOCBOA BaaOK; 11 - BepslDlA OCBOBuoA BMOK; 11 - DPlDKBIIIIoA PO.JJJl1(; 18 - CTamma;
14 - C'J'OAKf IUIOJqIl,lUOl.
TaRHe peAyKTOpLl nOSBOJlHIDT SHaqHTeJlLHO COKpaTBTL paSMepY npBBO,na. I1PB
SanpaBKe KaJlaHApa SaSOpy MemAY BaJlKaMB MoryT AOCTHraTL 125 MM, a npB pa-
60Te - OT 0,3 ,no 50 MM.
MeXaHUSM nepeKpe
BaHBH BaJIKOB COCTOHT us ,lJ;ByxcTyneHqaTOrO qepBHq-
Horo penyKTopa C nepeAaTOqHYM qBCJlOM i= 1872, 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJlH nepeMeHHOrO
TOKa AOn-42-4 (MOID;BOCTL 1,7 KBT, qaCTOTa BpaID;eHBH 930 06/MBH) B rBAPO-
HJIHHAPOB OJJ;BOCTOpOHHero ,neHcTBHH; pa60qee ,naBJleHUe MaCJla 12 MIla, XOA
nopDIHH 85 MM, AHaMeTp 210 MM. MaKCB1>laJlLHO AonYCTBMaH BeJlH"lHHa nepe-'
Kpe
aHBH BaJlKOB 80 MM.
176
RaJlaHAP cHa6meH nBTaTeJILHYM YCTPOHCTBOM, COCTO
BS TpaHCnOpTepa>
B MIUITBBROBOH rOJIOBKB. ,I:(u 06peSKB KpOMOK MeTaJlJIOTpOCOBoro nOJlOTHa BM8-
IOTCH ,nBCKOBLle Homll C 3J1eKTp0060rpeBOM.
JlaoopaTopHhle KaJla
pLI. RpOMe onucaHHlilx BltlJIIe K8J1aHAPOB npOMlmlJleH-
Horo HaSHaqeBJIH JlerKOrO, cpe,nHero U THmeJlOrO TBnOB, BSrOTOBJlHeMYX
saBop;OM «BOJILmeBBR», OTeqeCTBeHHOH npOMbImJleHHOCTLIO BLlnYCKaIDTcli TaKme-
Jla60paTOpHye KaJlaHp;pbI 3-160-320 U 4-225-450 B KaJlaHp;pY 5-200-600 U 5-150-400
WIH pesHHo06yBHOH npOMbImJleHHOCTU.
PBC. 6.4. 'leTLlpeXBaJIROBLIi KaJl8Jl,1Q> 4-950-2700 C S-oopa8BL1M pacDonomeueM BaJlltOB:
1 - If)YIUI;8MeBTBaJI DJlBTa; 2 - CTaBJIBa; 3 - BlllKBRA BIoIBOCBOI BIUIOK; 4 - BRlKBRA OCBOBBOI BMOK: S -
BepXBBI OCBOBBOI B8JJ0K; 6 - BepXBBI BIoIBOCBOI BMOK; 1 - MeXlIIDJaM aarpyaKB Bepxaero a&lopa; 8 - aep-
IfMO; 9 - MeXaBH8M aarpyaKB BlllKBero aaaopa.
OCHOBHye oc06eHHOCTB Jla60paTopHbIX KaJIaHp;pOB no cpaBHeHHID C P;pyrHMB -
3TO MeHLmue paSMepy BaJiKOB, BynOJIHHeMbIX qaCTO us CTaJlB, C npHBop;OM,
06eCneqUBalOID;HM 6eccTyneHqaTOe perYJlUpOBaJJJle CKOpOCTU BaJlKOB B
pBK
B B IDU-
pOKBX npe,neJlax, 60JILmee OCHaID;eHHe KOHTpOJILHO-BSMepBTeJlLHLIMB npB60paMB.
Ha pBC. 6.5 OOKasaH JIa60paTopHbIH KaJlaH,np, BynycKaeMbIH JleHHHrpap;CKUM
saBo,n01>1 «MeTaJIJIBCT». OH npe,nHasH!,qeH ,nJlH BynOJlHeHBH Jla60paTopHlilx pa60T,
USrOTOBJleHBH TOHKBX peSUHOBYX JleHT H o6pesHHBBaHHH TKaHeH. TIpuBO,n Y 3Toro.
KaJIaHJJ;pa HHABBu,nyaJlLHYH Ha Kam,I\Yi BanOK C 6eccTyneHqaTLIM peryJlJlpoBaHBeM
CKOpOCTU. HSMeHeHue sasopOB Memp;y BaJiKaMB npOBSBOP;HTCH nepeMeID;eHBeM
BepXHero B HBmHero BaJlKOB. ,I:(JIH 3Toro CJIymBT pyqaOH MeXaBJISM 7 nepeMeID;8-
HUH nop;munHUKOB. TeMnepaTYPY BaJIKOB perYJlllpyIOT oo,naqeii BO,IJ;LI B napa
OT napoBo,nHHoro KOJlJleKTOpa 5. ROHTPOJILHO-HSMepBTeJILHye npB60py CMOHTB-
pOBaHY B mKa
y ynpaBJIeHHH (Ha pBC. 6.5 He nOKasaH). OHH UOKaSbIBaIOT B sanu-
CbIBalOT TeMoepaTYPY BaJiKOB, 00Tpe6JIHeMyIO MOID;HOCTL, CKOpOCTL BpaID;eHHa
BaJlKOB B BeJlB1JJlJlY sasopOB Mem,ny HHMB.
KaJIaiiAphI aap)'Oeamhlx c1tBpM. COBpeMeHHHe KaJIaHp;pY sapy6emBYx
BpM
no CBoeH KOHCTPYK
B B TeXHneCKOH xapaKTepBCTm<e 6JIBSKU K K8J1aHApaM,
12 3aJ<aa 163 177"
,<::,
.<.0
"'"
I
R-R
+
+
<.0
PRc. 6.5. Jla60paTOpBuU. ltaJlaB,lq)
8aBo a CMeTaJIJIBCTt:
1 - nmrra; s - CT8JDIHa; 8, 4, 6-
Bamar; S - KOJLJIeJCTOP DapOBOlVIHoI;
'I - MeXaBII8M perymrpoBaBIIR aaaopoB;
8 - pOJIIIK aBapBlsoro BYKmOQa'f6ll1l;
9 - IOIHPOBUKmoUTenlt; 10 - peJlYK-
TOp; 11 - eneKTPOJUllI1'aTMb; IS - ua-
MOTO'lHoe yCTpOACTBO; 18, IS, 16 - DO,q-
DIJUIIIIIRH; 14 - ,qa'1"lBR TeMDepa Typu;
1'1 - paCKaTO'lBOe yCTpOIOTBO.
BI.mYCKaeMYM OTeqeCTBeHHOH npOMLImJleHHOCTLID, O,nHaKO PHA THnOpaSMepOB
KaJIaH,npOB, BYOYCKaeMYX B KaOUTaJIBCTH"IeCKBX CTpaHaX, MeHee qeTOK.
COBpeMeHHye KaJlaHAPY HMeIOT BaJIKB C nepU epUHHO pacnOJlOmeHHYMIf
CBepJleHLIMH KaHaJlaMB, C pKYJIHu;n:eH TeOJIOHOCUTeJIH U C YCTaHOBKoii AJIH aBTO-
MaTUqeCKOrO perYJIBpOBaHBH TeMnepaTYpY B sa,naHHYX npe,neJlax. RaJlaH,npY
C nOJJ;mBOHUKaMH CKOJILmeHUH HMeIOT rUApaBJlUqeCKOe YCTPOHCTBO AJIH BY60pa
JJID a B nOAmunHUKax H MexaHUSMax perYJlUpOBaHBH sasopa. B HeKOTopbIX
KOHCTPYK HX UCnOJlLSYIOTCH no,nmUOHUKH KaqeHUH C HYJleBbIM sasopOM. ,I:(JIH
KOMneHcaD;UH npofu6a BaJiKOB OpUMCHHeTCH YCTPOHCTBO AJIH nepeKpeID;UBaHUH
oceH BaJlKOB HJIH npe,nBapHTeJILHLlH UBrH6 BaJiKa. HHorJJ;a npUMeHHIDTCH 06a cno-
co6a KOMneHcau;n:u oporu6a BaJiKOB. CMaSKa mH,nKaH BJIU rYCTaH nOAaeTCH n;eH-
TpaJiUSOBaHHO B Bu,ne cB06o,nHoro nOTOKa HJIB npUHYAuTeJlLHO OO,n JJ;aBJleHBeM
C CHrHaJiUSan;UeH 0 npeKpaID;eBHU nOAaqu MaCJIa 11 0 HarpeBe JIID60ro HS nOJJ;mUDHB-
KOB. Q>pBKD;HoHBbIe U yuuBepCaJiLHye KaJIaHAPLl nOCTaBJlHIDTCH C MexaHusupoBaH-
BYM HSMeHeHueM PBKD;mI )fem,ny BbInycKaIDID,HMB BaJlKaMU H C aBTOMaTUqeCKOH
cucTeMoH perynupoBaHHH sasopoB Mem,ny BaJiKaMU OT CUrHaJIOB, HenpepYBHO
oo,naBaeMYX pa,nHoaKTIlBHbIM USMepHTeJIeM TOJlID;BHItI JIUCTa.
HeKoTopbIe HpMbI, HaopIDfep upMa «Q>appeJI» (CliA) , BYOYCKaIDT HOBbIe
KaJIaHAPbI C rll,npOMeXaHBqeCKUM YCTPOHCTBOM AJIH no,nmllMa BaJIKOB,f nOSBO-
JISIIDID;UM 6YCTpO paSBeCTu 11 CBeCTU BaJiKU co CKOpOCTLIO nepeMeID;eHuH nOAmunHB-
KOB BaJiKa 12 MM/C.
COBpCMeHHye KaJIaHJJ;pbI MoryT pa60TaTL Ha nOBymeHHYX CKOpOCTHX - ,no
100M/MBH. ,I:(JIUHa pa60qeii qaCTU BaJlKOB KaJIaHApa AOXOAHT AO 3000 MM. npUBOAY
KaJIaH,npOB BYOOJlHHIDTCH OT OJJ;Horo 8JIeKTpOABUraTeJIH nOCTOHHHoro TOKa qepes pe-
,nYKTOP H 6J10K-pe,nYKTOp U mapHlIpHbIe nepe,naqB UJIB OT BHAIIBB,nyaJILBYX 8JIeKTpO-
JJ;BuraTeJleH OOCTOHHHoro TOKa Ha KamAYH BaJlOK qepes 6JIOK-peAYRTOp. 3JIeKTpO-
,nBuraTeJlU nOCTOHHHoro TOKa 06eCneqBBaIDT 6eccTyneHqaTOe perYJIBpOBaHBe CKO-
pOCTU B opeJJ;eJIax 1 : 10.
YKasaHHbIe YCOBepmeHCTBOBaHUH KOHCTpyKD;mI KaJIaRApa nOSBOJlHIOT YBeJIU-
qUTL TOqHOCTL pa60TY U o6eCOeqUTL AonYCK Ha TOJIID;BHY npH JIBCTOBaHmI pe-
SBHLI ,nO :to,01 MM'.
B D;eJlHX MOAepHusan;UU KaJlaH,npOB, 3KCOJIyaTuPyeMYX Ha paSJIUqHbIX saBO-
Aax pesuHoBoH npOMLImJleHBOCTU, peKoMeHAyeTcH saMeHHTL paCTOqeBBYe n;eH-
TpaJiLHO BaJiKH Ha BaJiKU C nepu epBiiHbIMB KaHaJiaMB, YCTaHaBJIJIBaTL rBAPaBJIB-
qeCKUe MeXaHIISMY JJ;JlH BbI60pa JlID OB oo,n WUUlull< OB CKOJILmeHHH, npBcno-
C06JIeHUH AJIH KOBTpHsrH6a H nepeKpeID;uBaHuH BaJiKOB, UHAuBHAYaJILHbIe ,nJlJl
Kam oii CTOpOHbI MeXaHUSMY perYJlUpOBKB sasopOB MemAY BaJiKaMU, a TaKme
YCTPOHCTBO JJ;JlH aBTOMaTUqeCKOrO perYJIBpOBaBJIH TeMneparypY BaJiKa.
6.3. YCTPOACTBO OCHOBHblX AETAnEA lot yanOB KAnAHAPA
6.3.1" BanKM
BaJIKB HBJlHIDTCH OCHOBHYMU pa60qUMU YSJIaMB KaJIaH,npa. Cpe,nHHH, YTOJlID;eH-
BaH qaCTL BaJIKa, coopUKacaIOID;aHCH C 06pa6aTYBaeMYM '-faTepUaJlOM, HaSYBaeTCH
60qIWH, a KOHD;bI, KOTOpYMII BaJIOK onupaeTCH Ha nOAmunHUKU, - D;an aMu.
OCHOBBItIMU napaMeTpaMU BaJIKa KaJlaH,npa HBJIHIOTCH nuaMeTp B ,nJIUHa
60qKU - pa60qeH qaCTU BaJiKa. ,I:(uaMeTp BaJiKOB BbI6BpaeTcH B saBBCUMOCTU OT
pHJJ;a aKTopoB (JJ;OnycTuMoro yrJIa saXBaTa, npeAeJlLHOH BeJlHqUBY nporu6a),
H rJlaBBYM 06pasoM OT JJ;JIUHbI BaJIKa, U HaXOAHTCH B npe,neJIax 160-950 MM. BaJiKU
pesuHo06pa6aTYBaIDID;HX KaJIaH,npOB BbInOJIHHIOTCH ,nJlHHOH 300-26OOMM, a Y THme-
JIbIX K8JIaHJJ;poB, npuMeHHeMbIx JJ;JlH npoHsBoAcTBa TpaHcoOpTepHYX JIeHT, - ,nO
12* 179,
:2800 MM. PaSMepbI BaJlKOB KaJIaH,npOB, BbmYCKaeMbIX OTeqeCTBeHHOH opoMWnJIeH-
aOCTLIO, npBBe,neHY BbIme (CM. Ta6JI. 6.1 U 6.2).
BaJlKH KaJlaH,npa, KaK H BaJIKH BaJILD;OB, nOABepraIDTCH ucmpaHUID B Ae p-
'Mau;uu BCJIe,nCTBHe 60JILmHX paCnOpHYX YCUJID, B03HUKaIOID;HX npu pa60Te Ma-
mHHY. 3TO ycyry6JIHeTCH TeM, qTO nOBepXHOCTL BaJiKa BCnYTLlBaeT peSKBe BSM
BeHUH TeMneparypy. BaJiKU HsrOTaBJIHBaIDT H3 qyrYHa MapKU Cq 15-32 OTJlHBKOH
{j 5
F;; r .:,:t' >:-
1 J 3" 1 Z J .
a d
'PRc. 6.6. Cxeua 1 lIl)JtYJIJII IIB TeIlJlOaOCBTeJIJI B Baue KanaB,tl;pa:
4 - BaJIOR C neBTP8JlbBo-paCTO'IeBBol DOJIOCTItIO; 6 - BanOK C Depu4lepnlBo-caepnesm.um KaHaJIIIMB; 1 -TeJIO
aam<a; , - paCTO'IeHBaJI DOJIOCTlt; 8 - TP}'6a JIJIR DOJla'IB TeDJIOBOCBTe.IIII; 4 - KaHam.! JIM BYBOJla TelmoaO"
.cB'1'eJIII; 5 - Depn4lepJJitBHe KaHam.!; 6 - p88J1enBTeJlbBHIt Dopmem. C 'YJUIOTReBBeM.
1/
13
1'1
t
TennOHocumenb
IZ
11
'Puc. 6.7. 'Y cTpoiicTBO AJIJI DOABOAa TeIlJlOBOCIITeJIIi K Bauy KaJIaBApa:
, 1 - BeDOJlBBlKHbIA DaTPylloK; 2 - TPylla; 8 - CaJIbJUlKOBaJI BaIlDBKa; 4 - lDTaHra; 5 - KOpDyc cam.BBJ<a;
6 - WIIBJIbKa; 'I - COCTaBBoe KOJlb O; 8 - cj)naHeII; 9 - yDOpBlidt DOIIIDBDBBK; 10 - TeJIO BanKa; 11 - ropu-
80HTam.Hble KaBaJIW; 12 - BaKJIOHBHe KaHam.!; 13 - pa8J1em1TeJlbBHit DopmeBb; 14 - JIeBaJI DonOCTb BanKai
15 - BpamaJOllUlltcH DaTPyIloK; 16 - IIPOB80BaJI BTyJIKa; 1'1 - OTBepCTBe JIM OTBOA& TeDJIOBOCBTeml.
B KOKUJIL, TOJlID;HHa oT6eJIeHBOrO CJIOH KOJIe6J1eTCH B opeJJ;eJIax 6-20 MM; TBepAoCTL
OOBepXHOCTU no rOCT AOJImHa 6bITL He MeHee lIRC 48-55. nOBepxHocTL' BaJIKa
mJlucI>yeTcH, a saTeM TID;aTeJILHO nOJIBpyeTcH (no rOCT 11993-71 OHa AOJImHa
6YTL He Hume 8-ro KJIaCCa qUCTOTbI). B KaJIaH,npax He60JlLmUX paSMepOB BaJiKU
BYOOJIHHIDTCH us yrJIepo,nHCTOi CTaJiB 45 BJIU JlerupoBaHHoH CTaJiU 40X C nOCJI8-
JJ;YIDID;eH SaKaJIKOi nOBepXHOCTH Ha rJly6uHY 4-5 MM TOKaMB BbICOKOH qaCTOTbI
,no TBepAoCTU HRC 48-54.
BaJIKB KaJIaHAPOB 6YBaIDT JJ;BYX TBnOB: C BHYTpeHHei D;eHTpaJiLHOH nOJIOCTLIO
(pBC. 6.6, a) U KaHaJiaMB, npOCBepJleBHYMU B6JIUSU nOBepXHOCTU BaJiKa (puc.6.6, 6).
ROHCTpyRD;UH BaJIKa nepBoro TBoa yCTapeJIa, TaK KaK TaKOH BaJIOK BMeeT 60JlLlDyIO
TeOJIOBYID uHep B , a paSHOCTL TeMnepaTYP B cepe,nHHe U y KpaeB BaJiKa ,nOCTHraeT
tSO
8-10 °C. IIoBepxHocTL HarpeBa Y CBepJleHYX BanKOB nOqTU BJJ;Boe 6onLme, qeM
Y BaJiROB C BHYTpeHReH nOJlOCTLID. fJlaBHOe ,nOCTOHHCTBO BanKOB C nepH epuHHo
npOCBepJleHHLlMU KaHaJlaMU SaKJlID aeTCR B paBHOMepHOCTH H 6McTpoTe RarpeBa
IlJIlJ OXJIa)K,neHBH JlX pa60qeH nOBepXHOCTH. ,D;uaMeTp CBepJleHYX KaHaJIOB 30-
-40 MM, qUCJlO HX ,nOCTuraeT 21-27, pacnOJIaraIDTCH OHU paBHOMepHO no oKpymBO-
CTH BaJlKa Ha paCCTOHHHH 25-50 MM OT ero nOBepXHOCTU. TOP}\M ropUSOHTaJiLHYX
KaBaJlOB C ,l\BYX CTOpOH SaKpYTY SarJIymKaMB Ha napOHUTOBYX npOKJla,nKax.
3arJlymKu npllmaTM K TopD;aM BaJIKa DpU nOMOID;B raeK Ha mnUJILKaX, BBepHYTYX
B TeJIO BaJiKa.
TeOJIOHOCUTeJlL no,naeTCH B BaJlOK KaJlaHApa qepes Heno,nBumHYii narpy60K 1
{puc. 6.7), B KOTOpOM yKpenJleHa TPy6a 2. OH nODQAaeT B npaBYID OOJIOCTL BaJIKa B.I
npoi,nH ropUSOHTaJILHYe KaHaJlLl 11, OTBO,l\HTCH BS BaJiKa qepes oTBepcTue 17.
OTJIH"IHY OT ooucaHHoH KOHCTpyKD;1UI BYHOCBYe BaJIKB DpO UJILHYX KaJIaH,n-
,pOB. BYHOCHOH BaJlOK HBJIHeTCH npO BJILHYM ( pMyeT npoxo,nHID;ue qepes Hero
JIBCTY, npU,l\aBaH eMY Sa,tI;8HBYH OPO IIJ1L). BYBOCHye BaJlKII HMeIDT TUCHeHHe Ha
'caMOM BaJIKe BJIH paS'LeMHYID npO UJlLHyIO 060-
JlOqKY, COCTOHID;YID us ,lI;BYX nonOBBH (CKOPJlYOY),
'KOTopLle SaKpenJlHIOTCH Ha Kopoyce BaJlKa raH-
KOH H KORTpraHKoH. II pJl CMeRe pllcyHKa UJIH
npO IIJ1H US,l\eJIHH MeMeTCH BaJIIIR UJIB CKOpJIyna,
KOHCTPYK}\UH nO,I(IIIJlnHIIKOB BYHOCHOrO BaJiKa
nOSBOJIHeT 6L1CTpO oc eCTBIITL 3TY Onepal\JlID.
HarBo B8JIROB. BaJiKII KaJIaH,npa no,l\ BJlUH-
BlleM C06CTBeRHOH THmecTH H paCnOpHYX YCIIJIUH
usru6aIOTcH. PacnopHMe YCUJIBH 06paTHo npo-
DOp}\HOHaJiLBLI sasopy Mem,ny BaJiKaMH. Bepx-
Huii BaJlOK IIsrll6aeTcH nOJJ; ,l\eHCTBueM pacnOpHYX
YCUJIIIH CUJILHee, qeM CpeAHHH, TaR KaK usru6y
cpeJJ;Hero BaJIKa npenHTCTByeT HHmHUH BanOK, npHHBMaIDID;lIi Ha ce6H qaCTL
HarpYSKII. ECJlII BaJlI(H UMeIDT CTporo D;HJIHHAPUqeCKYID OPMY, TO peSHHOBaH
CMeCL, OPOXO,nH qepes sasop MemJJ;Y BepXBHM B cpeJJ;HUM BaJIKaMU, OpOKaTYBaeTCH
B JlIICT, cepeAHHa KOToporo TOJlID;e KpaeB. IIpoxo,nH CJIe,nYIDID;JIii sasop, JIIICT He-
CKOJlbRO BypaBHHBaeTCR no TOJIID;BHe, HO Bce me Cepe,l\uHa OCTaeTCH HeCKOJILK8
TOJlID;e KpaeB. ¥ ca,nKa pesHHY TaKme cnoc06cTByeT nOJIyqeHIlIO JlBCTa HeOJJ;HHaKO-
BOH TOJlID;HHY. CJIe,l\OBaTeJILHO, OCHOBHOH OpH"lHHOH HepaBHOMepHOCTH TOJlID;BHbI
oo yqaeMoro JlHCTa 00 mBpllHe HBJIHeTCH nporu6 BaJiKOB KaJIaB,npa B npo}\eCce
KaJIaH,npoBaHHH.
QT06M BMHCHIITL, KaKyIO OPMY npHMeT BaJIOK nOJJ; BJIUHHUeM usru6aIDID;HX
YCUJIui, He06xo,nHMO onpe,l\eJIHTL ,nelfJopMal\JlID BaJiKa no,n ,l\eHCTBUeM 8TUX YCRJlJIii.
,D;aBJJeRHe, cos,naBaeMoe MaTepUaJIOM, nOCTOHHHO no Bceii mHpHHe sasopa (puc. 6.8).
,D;JIH onpeJJ;eJIeHHH CTpeJiM nporB6a BaJiKa He06xo,nuMO HaHTU pacnopHoe ycuJlue P,
,l\eHcTByIOID;ee Ha BanOK:
P=ql
8
a
PBC. 6.8. CXeMa aarpyaKB sa 88-
J10K (4 - paCCTOJIBBe MemAY DOA-
JIJJDlBBJ(aMD; 8 - mapBBa J1DCTa
peaBIIH aa B8JIKe).
(KOJIe6JIeTCJI OT 0,4 AO
rAe q - pacnopDoe YCBDe, DpBxoA eecJI B8 O,Ot . ADBBLI BaBKa
0,6 MH/M); I - ADBBa pal)01IeI 1IaCTB B8J1Ita, DOKpLIToi CMeCl>lO, M.
TorJJ;a paSHOCTL Mem,ny OPOru60M B cepe,nHHe BaJlKa U
onpe,neJIBTL no opMYJIe
PI [ '(12a-7b) - 1 ]
A3I=Y-Yo==T 48EI B + GF B
rAe P - pacDopDoe YCBJIBe, AeiCTBym_ee Da BaJIOK, MH; 4 - paCCTOJIBBe MemAY nOAmBDBB-
KaafR, M; b - nmpBBa J1eBTLI peSBBOBOii CMeCB, M; E - MOAYJIi> ynpyrOCTB MaTepBaJIa BaJI-
Ita, MH/MII; Is - HOMeBT BBep BB ce'leBBJI OO'IKB BaJlKa, we; G - MOAYJIi> CABBra, MH/u ll ;
Fe - DOnepe'IBoe ce1leaue OO'IKB BaJIIta, Mil.
Y ero KpaH MOiKHO
181
CDOCoOU KOMDeHca H DpOI'UOa BaJIROB UnaHApoB. CYID;eCTByeT TPB cnoco6a
ROMneHCa nporB6a BaJlKOB: 60M6upOBKa; nepeKpem;BB8HUe OceH BaJiKOB;
ROHTpBSI'B6 BaJiKOB.
B 0 M 6 B P 0 B K a. 3TOT cnoco6 KOMneHcaD;UB nporH6a, KaK yme OTMeqa-
JIOCL Byme, SaKJIIOqaeTCH B OpU,n8HHB BaJlKY BYOYKJIOH UJIB BorHyroH OpMY.
JIs pHC. 6.9 BB,nHO, TO KorAa peSUHa OKaSYBaeTCH Mem,ny BaJiKaMB KaJl8H,npa,
cpe,nHui BaJlOK 2 uaru6aeTcH B npu HaJIH"l1lH ,nBYX 60M6upoBaHBbIx BaJiKOB aaaopld
Mem,ny BanKaMU CTaHOBHTCH napaJIJleJiLHYMU, TOJIID;HHa JlUCTa no BCeD: ero nmpHHe
OCTaeTCH oJJ;HHaKoBoH. ,D;pyrmfH, CJIOBa-
MH, BaJlKU MomHO OPO UJIUpOBaTL TaK,
qTO HepaBHoMepHocTL JIBCTa no TOJIID;BHe
YCTpaHHeTCH UJIH CBOAIITCH K MUHHMyMY.
OJJ;JtaKo aTO YAaeTCH TOJILKO B TOM CJlY-
qae, eCJlu npHHHTaH 60M6BpOBKa COOT-
BeTcTByeT 06pa6aTYBaeMOH peSHHOBOD
CMecu. BOM6upOBKa JJ;aeT a eKT, eCJlII
B npOHSBo,nCTBe B TeqeHBe ,nJlUTeJILHOrO
BpeMeHU nepepa6aTYBaeTCH O,nUH B TOT
me MaTepUaJI. C BSMeHeBBeM pen;enT8
CMecu UJIU TeMnepaTYPY ee 06pa6oTKB
MeHHIOTCH paCnOpHye YCHJIBH, TeMnepa-
TypHaH ,ne opMaD;BJI BaJiKOB, B BLlny-
CKaeMYH JIBCT CTaHOBUTCH HepaBHOMep-
HYM no TOJIID;UHe.
BOM6upOBKa saBUCUT OT BHSKOCTII
peSIIBOBOH CMeCB, TOJIID;HHY BynycKae-
Moro JlUCTa, AUaMeTpa 60qKH BaJIKa, OK-
I pymHoH CKOpOCTII' BaJiKa B TeMJIepaTypld
CMecu. OTcyrcTBue yaBBepCaJlLHOCTU -
O,nHH US OCHOBHYX HeAOCTaTKOB JJ;aHHoro
cnoc06a KOMneHCaD;1IH nporH6a BaJiKOB,
ooaTOMY Ha npaKTBKe BbI6upaIDT TaKyIO
60M6BPOBKY, KOTopaH nOSBOJIHeT OpB
88DOB ltaJlAQpa paaJIUqHYX pen;eOTax peSUHOBOH CMeCH
YCTpaHHTL aHnUTeJILHYID HepaBHOMep-
HOCTL TOJlID;UHLI JlBCTa. ,D;onOJIHUTeJILHOe
BypaBHUBaBJIe TOJlID;HHY JIHCTa peSHHW
,nOCTuraeTCH opBMeHeHueM OAHOBpeMeHHO
C 60M6upOBKOH ,npyrBx MeTOAOB ROMneH-
caD;HH nporu6a BaJIKOB.
n e p e K p e ID; U B a H B e 0 C e H B a JI K 0 B. 3TOT cnoc06 HBJIHeTCR
60Jlee 3 eKTIlBHYM. OH HameJI nmpOKoe OpHMeHeHUe B COBpeMeHBbIX KaJI8HJJ;pax,
npBqeM ero 06ldqHO npBMeHHIDT HapHAY C 60M6upOBKOH, B AOnOJIHeHUe K HeH.
CYID;HOCTL MeTOJJ;a aaKJIIOqaeTCll B TOM, qTO OCU BaJiKOB KaJIasp;pa CJJ;BuraIDTCR
Ba HeKOTOpYH He60JILmOH yrOJI no OTBOmeHUIO ,npyr K ,npyry. IIpB 3TOM MHHB-
MaJILHLli aaaop OKaaYBaeTCH B D;eHtpe BaJIKa, a MaKCUMaJlLHYii - y KOHD;OB BaJI-
KOB (pBC. 6.10). OnpeAeJiUB npor:u6 BaJiKOB OpB o6pa60TKe aaAaHBoH peaHHoBoD
CMecu, 1\10mHO nOJJ;CqUTaTL BeJIUqUHY He06xo,nHMoro ropuaOHT,aJILHOrO CMeID;eBUJ'I
KOHD;eBbIX CeqeHUD: BaJiKOB.
JIa pUc. 6.10 oOJlyqaeM:
Q
cd
c[
JD
. tu
J[D
a
2'.
- "
6'
Pac. 6.9. CxeMa Bsma
B ax 50MoapOJfltB:
a - 4!opMa aaJIICOB KMllBApa .110 Uarp}'8KH; 6 -
. C/lopJlla BanKOB BO Bpellll paOofil KMlllf.llPa;
1 - BaJIOK ctai4DYKJIol (IoM6RPOBKOI; B - BMOK
6e8 6oM611])0,KJI (1(&DBIUlPB'lecKJlIt); 8 - BMOK C
BOrBTJ'OI OoIlGllpoBKOI; 4 - peaUBOBaJI CMec&.
BJIR
(D+YO)2=D2+C
182
D2+ 2Dyo +y = D2 + C
rAe D-paCCTOJlBBe MeatJU' OCJDIB BaDOB, MM[D=(De + D 3 )/2, rAeDc- aMeTp CMeID;eBUOrO
BaJIKa, MM; D3 - ABaMeTp Sa{JIIRCBpOBaJDlOrO BaDa, MM); CO - CMemeBBe KOa:qeBoro ce'leUBJI
B rOpB30BTaJlIdIOii JtJJOCKOCTB, MM; Yo - sasop MeatJU' BaDaMB B KOa:qeBLIX ce'l8JlllJlX, MM.
ECJIB npeHe6peqL BeJIH"IHHOH y:, KOTOpaH BeCLMa HeaH811HTeJlbRa, TO nOJlyqaeM:
C: C:
YO=2i)== De+Ds
JIli 06paaOBaHBH paBHOMepHOrO sasopa MemAY B8JIKaMH He06xoABMo, qT06L1
saaop Yo 6YJI paBeH C}TMM8pHOMY oporB6y B cpeABeM ceqeHBB BaJIKOB, T. e. Yo =
= Ie + '3' nO):tCT8BJIHH aHaqeHHe Yo, nOJIyqBM:
C:
le+ 13= De+Ds
OTCIDA8 onpeAeJIHeM He06xoABMoe ropBaOHTaJiLHOe CMeID;eHBe KOHl\eBoro
CeqeHRR BaJiKa ,nJIH KOMoeHca HH nporu6a Ie +lh:
Co = Y (Ie + Is) (De+ D.)
no npHBeAeHBYM PMYJIaM MomHO onpe,neJIBTL aaaop y B paaJIJAHLlx TOqKaX
BJJ;OJIL OCB x H nOCTpORTL KPUBYID KOHTYP oM6BPOBKB, AocmrRyTylO aa CqeT
a
l:=J
-'
x
------
b
PBC. 6.10. CxeMa paCDOnOme&BJI BaJIKOB npB DepeKp B oees:
1 - CMelQeuBYit BaJlOR; S - aacj)uKCDpOBaBRJd BaJlOR.
nepeKpeID;uBaHUH oceii:. Ha nOJJ;06uH TpeyrOJILHHKOB nOJIyqaeM, qTO JJ;JIH KaKoro-
JIH60 CeqeHUH x ropBaOHTaJiLHOe nepeMeID;eHue OCB CMeID;eHHoro BaJiKa 6YAeT
paBHO C. Tor,na
('Ae L - AJlBBa OOqKU BaDa, MM.
OTCIOAa
.E!. _ £
C - 2 (£/2-z)
Co L/2 -Coz=C.!..; C =Co ( 1-1!. )
2 2 L
(D+y)2=Ds+C2; DS+2DY+1P=D2+ C 2=D2+[CO (1- ) T;
1P+2DY-[C o (1- ) T =0
Ha 3Toro ypaBReHBH HaxOABM aRa eHBe y.
'TorAa
183
vM ' J£
_/ emF- - Jam- Jar --=taL
EEt - - /10 -GJt - -Ire £Et-.- -113
- . me[-___ Tt= --
a 0- 8
PBC. 6.11. CxeMa 1t0MIIeUC B nporB6a BaJIKOB KaJI8BApa 3-610-1730 MeTOP;OH KouTpBsrBo.
upB DpOBBBop;CTBe JIBCTa TOJIID;IIBOii 0,095 MM:
4 - Bepnml BMOK MaKCBII8JlbBO B80rBYT BBR8. cpenBBA BMOK ItBJIOn.QpB'lecKHA, BRIKBBA BMOK MaKCBMan&BO
B80rByl' BBepX; 6 - BaJIKO 6e8 B8ralla; . - aepxBBA BMOK B80rBYT BBepx. cpe.aBBA BMOK ItBmIIIJUIB'lecKB1t,
II1DICIIIdt BMOK MaKCBllaJlbBO B80rnYT BBB8;
1 - BMOK; S - DO.QmBDBBK BMKa OCHOBROA; 3 - DO.QmODBBK BaJIKa BCDOMOraTeJlbHlilA; 4 - I'BJIpuJIII1IecKd
ItBmDIJIP.
<j
.+.
2ltGOtM
B
PBC. 6.12. Mex8IIB3H nepeKpem;llBaBBJI BaJIKOB 1JeTLIpeXBaJIROBOrO ltaJIaBApa c Z-06pasBIIDI
paCDOJlOmeBJieM Jl8JJKOB:
1 - DllTa; B - J'IUIPO p B!II6opa mo4rroB; 8 - raJl1<a; 4 - BalKDJlHol BIJJI'1'; 5 - '1epBII'IBoe KOJIeco:
6 - ODOpimA DO.QIDIIDBIIK; 1, 8 - '1epBJIKJI; 9 - Ban; 10, 11, 13 - MY"" BRmO'Iell1lJl; 12 - 80JIOTBBKOBI>II
MeJtlUlB8M rqpoDpBBo.Qa; 14 - '1epBII'IIIId Pe.aY1<'l'OP; 15 - 9JIeK'I'P0.QBBI'aTeJI&.
OAHaRO npH nepeKpe
HBaHBB OCeH BaJlKOB npOKaTLlBaeMLlH JlHCT MaTepHaJl3
ltlOmeT CMeID;aTLCH B CTOPOHY, TaK KaK HCnYTYBaeT YCHJlHe CABHra B HanpaBJIeHDH,
oepneHABKYJlHpHOM ero JJ;BHmeHHID, H JJ;JIH npeJJ;OTBpaID;eBHH CMeID;eHHH JlHCTa Tpe-
6yeTcH npHMeHeBHe CneD;HaJlLBYX D;eHTpHpYIDID;HX YCTPOHCTB.
R 0 H T pHS r H 6 B a JI K 0 B. npH 3TOM MeTOJJ;e KOMneHcaD;UH OCL BaJlKa
npeJJ;BapHTeJlLBO HsrH6aeTcH B CTOPOHY, npOTHBOnOJIOil\BYID HsrH6y npH pa60Te
J
'I
9
IC
II
PRC. 6.13. MeXaBB3M nepeKpelIl;llBaBRJI BaJIKOB nps nOMOm;u KJlBBOBOrO YCTpoitCTBa:
1 - KOPDYC DOJUlIlIIDDIJ(a; s - yDOpllld DOADllJDBRK; 3 - yuopllld C/lnaBen; 4 -1IepBJI1IIIoe KOJIeco; S, 10 -
P8AUaJlbBYe DOADIIJDIIRKU; 6 - BIIIIT; 7 - Kmm; 8 - raitKa; 9 - pa;tlUaJlbBG-yuopBYe DOJ1]DBllJlllKR; 11-
1IepBIIK OABOBuoJUnd; 12 - PIlABam.Bo-c4IepnecKJdt DOAIIIB1IBIf1(; 13 - ay6qaTaJI MYiPTa; 14 - BaJi DpBBOAa
qepBIIKa; I' - ol!olMa DO.InIIBIDIRKa.
KaJlaBJJ;pa. HSrH6 npOHSBOJJ;HTCH nYTeM npHJlOmeHHH K KOBD;aM BaJlKa KOBCOJlLBLlX
CHJI, COSJJ;aID
BX nporn:6 BaJlKa, npOTHBOnOJlOmBLli no SBaKY nporH6y OT JJ;eHCT-
BHH pacnopBYX YCHJIn:ii (pHC. 6.11). ¥CHJIHH Ha KOBD;L1 BaJlKa 1 COSJJ;aIDTCH cne
-
8J1LHYMH
paBJlH"IeCKHMH D;HJlHHJJ;paMH 4, BosJJ;eicTBYIDID;HMH C YCHJlHeM JJ;O 0,5 MH
Ha YCTaBaBJlBBaeMLle Ha KOHD;Y BaJlKa 060HMLI. HeJJ;ocTaTKoM 3Toro MeTOJJ;a HBJlH-
eTCH BOSBHRBOBeBHe JJ;onOJlHHTeJILHOH HarpYSKU Ba nOJJ;mHnBHKH KaJlaHJJ;pa.
ROHCTPYKTHBBO MexaHHSMLI nepeKpeID;HBaHHH oceH BaJlKOB B nJlOCKOCTH,
HOpMaJlLHOi K nJlOCKOCTB oceH CMeID;aeMLlX BaJlKOB, MoryT 6L1TL BLlnOJlBeHLI
185
B paSJlH"IHbIX BapHaHTaX; BaH60JIee qaCTO BCTpeqaeTCH CJIeJJ;YIDID;ee HCnOJIBeBHe.
Ha KamJJ;OM CMem.aeMOM BaJiKe YCTaHaBJlHBaIDT JJ;Ba MexaaHSMa -no OJJ;HOMY Ha KOBeD;
BaJlKa. npHBOJJ; ocym.eCTBJlHeTCH OT 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJIlI nepeMeHHoro TOKa (MOm.-
HOCTLID 0,4 KBT) qepes qepBftqHLli JJ;ByxcTyneuqaTLlH peJJ;YKTOp (i = 1232); JJ;BH-
meHue nepeAaeTCH Ba BHHT HJIH KJlHH, BOSJJ;eHCTBYIDID;He Ha Kopnyc nOnmHnHHKa.
Ha pHC. 6.12 nOKasaH MexaHHSM nepeKpem.HBaHHH BaJiKa Z-06pasHoro KaJlaBJJ;pa
C nepeJJ;aqei JJ;BHmeBHH Kopnycy nop;mHnBHKa npH nOMOID,H BHHTa. BhI60p JIIOcp.rOB
B SBeBLHX MexaBHSMa npOHSBOJJ;HTCH OT rUJJ;po
HJIHBJJ;pa 2.
Ha pnc. 6.13 nOKasaHa nepeJJ;na JJ;BHmeHIIH Kopnycy nOJJ;mHDHHKa BaJlKa
qepes KJlHB 7. CKOpOCT,L nepeMeID;eHHH Kopnyca nOJJ;mHnHHKa KOJIe6J1eTCH 06L1qHO
B npeJJ;eJJax 2-2,5 MM/MHH, a BeJlH"lHHa CMell\eBHH - OT 25 JJ;O 45 MM. nepeKpe-
:ID;HBaHHe oceH BaJiKOB MomHO ocym;ecTBHT:& sa CqeT npOCTpaHCTBeHHOro CMe:ID;eHHlI
OCH OAHoro BaJiKa OTHOCHTeJlLBO p;pyroro. B aTOM cJlyqae npHMeHHIDT cne:O;HaJlLBYB
9Kc:o;eHTpHqeCKUH nOJJ;mHnBHK.
6.3.2. nOAwMnHMKH M CMCTeMa CMaSKM
lloAmHDBIIKII. Bce HOBye KaJlaHJJ;py, H3rOTaBJJUBaeMLle OTeqeCTBeHHLlMH
saBOJJ;aMH (sa HCKJlIDqeHHeM KaJlaBJJ;pOB 3-610-1730 H 4-610-1730), a TaKme KaJlaH
JJ;PLl sapy6emuLlx 4>HPM, npeAHaSHneHHLle JJ;JlH TOqHOH K8J1H6pOBKH H BLlnycK3
TOHKHX JIHCTOB, HMeIDT nOJJ;mHnHHKH KaqeHHH. OAHaKO MHorOqHCJleBHLlH napJl
KaJlaHJJ;pOB, HaXOJJ;HID;uXCH B 3KCnJlyaTa:o;n:H, OCHam.eH B 60JlLmHBCTBe cJlyqaeB em.b-
nOJJ;mHnHUKalofH CKOJILmeHHH.
Ha pllC. 6.14 nOKasaH npHMep KOHCTPYKTHBBoro BLlnOJlHeHHH YSJIa BaJiKOBOrO
nOJJ;mHnHHKa KaJIaBJJ;pa 4-950-2800 C npHMeHeHHeM nOJJ;mHnHHKa KaqeHIIH. nOJJ;-
mHnHHKH KaJlaHAPOB pa60TaIDT B THmeJlLlX YCJlOBHHX nOJJ; HarpYSKOH, JJ;OXOJJ;HID;eH
JJ;O 0,6 MH Ha OJJ;HB nOJJ;nmnBHK, B nOCJleJJ;HeM cJlyqae npBMeHHIDTCH CneD;HaJlLBLI&
MHoropHJJ;BLle pOJJHKOBLle no,nmHnHHKH. OAHH HS no,nmHnBHKOB, 06L1qHO co CTO-
pOBLI KOH:o;a BaJlKa, npOTHBOnOJlOmBorO npHBoJJ;y, BLlnOJlHHeTCH nJlaBaIDID;BM.
Y TOPD;OB nOJJ;mHnHHKOB HMeIDTCH ynJlOTHeHHH, BanpHMep, Jla6HpHHTHOrO THna.
nOJJ;mHnBBK CKOJlLmeHHH KaJlaBJJ;pa 3-610-1730 nOKasaH Ha pHc.6.15. Rop-
nyc 2 nOJJ;mHnHHKa CKOJILmeHHH 06L1qHO BLlnOJlHHeTCH HS ceporo qyryaa HJlH CTaJlL-
Horo JIHTLH (CTaJIL 45JI). B Kopnyc sanpeCCOBLlBaeTCH BTlJlKa 1 HS 6pOHSLI CJJeJJ;y-
IDID;ero COCTaBa: 81-83% Mep:H, 3-5% CBHHD;a, 12-15 % OJlOBa, 0,5-1,0% HH-
KeJIH; UBorJJ;a npH6aBJIHIDT JJ;O 0,3%
oc
pa. TBepJJ;ocTL no BpHHeJIJIID M8TepHaJl8
BKJl8JJ;LIma JJ;OJlmBa 6L1TL OKOJIO 950 Mna. B pHJJ;e cJlyqaeB B D;eJlHX 3KOHOMHJr
BeT-
oro MeTaJJJIa BKJlaJJ;lJm JJ;eJlaeTCH paspeSHLlM, a 6pOHSOBLlM BLInOJIHHeTCH TOJIbKO
HarpymeHHYH ceKTOp BR'JJaJJ;L1ma. HeKoTopLle sapy6emBLle 4>HpMLI HSrOTaBJlHBaIDT
nOJJ;mHnHUK1I CKOJlb'UeHHH C SaJIHBKOii BKJJ8JJ;L1ma aBTIl
pHKD;HOHHLlM cnJIa BO\!
C rpa
uToM. npH nocJleJJ;YIDm.eH paCTOqKe Ha pa60qeH nOBepXHOCTH BKJlaALlDIa
06pasyeTcH CJJoi, xopomo coxpaHHIDID;Hi CMaSKY. nOAmHnBBKH CKOJJL'KeHHH
HMeIDT PHJJ; cYID;eCTBeBBLlX HeJJ;OCTaTKOB - SHaqHTeJlLBLlH JiISHOC BKJlaJJ;L1meii, 1\OS-
MomBoe SaKJIHBHBaHHe meHKH BaJlKa npH ero nepeKoce H HenpaBHJlLBOi VCTa-
BOBKe, CHJlLBLli HarpeB H Be06xoJJ;HMOCTL HHTeBCHBHoro OXJlamJJ;eHHH Kopnyca
,nOJJ;mHnBHKa.
CHcTeM8 CMaSICH. CMasKa BaJiKOBLlX nOJJ;mHnBHKOB KaJlaBJJ;pOB 06L1qBO D;eBTpa-
JJHSOBaBBaH; npHMeBHeTCH KaK rYCTaH, TaK H mHJJ;KaH CMaSKa OT cne:O;HaJiLHOH
MaCJIHHOii CTaBD;UH.
B nOCJleJJ;Bee BpeMH npHMeHHeTCH CaMOTeqHaH CHCTeMa mHJJ;Koi CMaSKH. n pH
aTOM MaCJlO BaCOCOM nOJJ;aeTCH B pesepByap 1 (puc. 6.16), pacnOJJOmeBHLlR B Bepx-
HeR 1J:aCTH K8JJaH,npa, U oTTYJJ;a caMOTeKOM no oTJJ;eJILHLlM Tpy60npOBOJJ;aM nocTY-
naeT BO Bce nOJJ;munHHKH 2. Hs nOJJ;mHnHHKOB MaCJJO CTeKaeT no MaCJIOnpoBoJJ;aJl!
B C60PBLIH 6aK 4, npOXOJJ;H qepes KOBmOBLle YKasaTeJIH 3. npH npeKpaID;eBBH RJlU
YMeHLmeHUH nOTOKa MaCJIa qepes KaKOH-JlH60 nOJJ;mHnHHK KOBmOBLli YKasaTeJJL
186
I 2
,3
" s
7 8
'I,
--I
-1-
Pac. 6.14. nO
BKB Kaqeaall BaJIKa KaJIaJlApa:
1 - BT¥m<a; S, 14 - DpOIUlIUl;Ka; 3 - KOPDYC nO)hDHIIIIBKa; 4 - POJUIKOBwt 'DOJlIIDJIIBJII(; 5 - BBBT; 6-
QUJIllRJlPlAecK8JI DJlTa; 7 - MacneBRa; 8 - MacnOOTpalKaTemtBWe JlRCKR; 9 - pa8peaRaJI ralKa; 10 - 1I0000UO;
11 - KOPDYC; 12, 18 - .ua6UpBBTHWe YDJlOTBJITelIbHWe KMbua; 15 - DpUlfQlMBaJI lIP_a; 16 - CTODOpJmI
eURT; 11 - CTII1I<BOI 6am'.
I
11
--I
I
....
",,"
*
I
'"
G
Pac. 6.15. nOAIIDIDIIBK CKOJli>)f(eBBII BaJIKa KaJIaB,ll;pa:
1 - OPOB80BaJI B'l'yJlKa; S - KOpUYC; 8 - CTODOPBYI BIIII'1' Jq)eDJleBHII BTYJlKB; 4 - KaBaBKa JIM cOopa Macna;
5 - oTBepCTlte Mil BBBTOB KpenneBHII MacnoOTBOJllIlQBX YCTPoICTB; 6 - OTBepCTBII JIJIII OTBOJla Macna; 7-
OTBepCTBe JIM yCTaBOBKU TepNOnaploJ; 8 - c1maaeu KpenneBRII MeXaBR8Ma perYJlBpOBaBHII 8aaopa; 9 - OTBep-
CTne JIM DOJlBOJla CMaSKU.
nop;aeT CHrBaJl Ha nYJlLT (samHraeTCH CHrBaJiLHaH JlaMna HJIB paSJJ;aeTCH SBYKOBOi-
CHrHaJI). OTpa60TaBBoe MaCJlO npOXOJJ;HT qepes XOJlOJJ;HJILHHK 6 H CHOBa nOJJ;aeTCH
B BepxHHH pesepByap. TaKaJl CHCTeMa JJ;aeT no cpaBHenHID C paBee npHMeHJlBmH-
MUCH PHJJ; npeuMym;eCTB, rJlaBHLle HS KOTOpyX - HaJJ;emaOCTL CMaSKH, 06eCneqeHHe
KOBTpOJlH sa npaBHJlLHOCTLID CMaSKH, HenpepLlBHaH 4>HJILTpa
H H nOJJ;aqa B nOJJ;-
mHnBHKH OXJIamJJ;eHHoro MaCJla B He06xoJJ;BMLlX KOJJlI1IeCTBax, 06eCneqeBHe OXJJa-
mJJ;eHHH nOJJ;mHnHBROB, qHCTOTa KaJlaHJJ;pa, 3KOBOMBLIH pacxoJJ; MaCJIa.
,D;pyroii BOSMomHOH CHCTeMOH nOJJ;aqH mHJJ;KOH CMaSKH HBJlHeTCH nOJJ;aqa MaCJIa
nOJJ; JJ;aBJleHHeM OT cneu;n:aJlLHOrO MaCJIHBOrO Hacoca.
nOAIIIHnHHKH KaqeHHH CMaSL1BaIDTCH 60JJLmeii qaCTLID KOHCHCTeHTHLlMH CMas-
KaMH BJIH mHJJ;KBM MaCJlOM OT n;eHTpaJlLHOH YCTaHOBKH. nOJJ;m:un:BBRH peJJ;YKTopa,
B 6J10K-peJJ;yKTOpa, KaR npaBHJIO, CMaSLlBaIDTCH OT OTJJ;eJlLHOrO MaCJlHHOrO Hacoca.-
TeMnepaTypa nOJJ;mBDHHKOB Be JJ;OJlmHa npeBymaTL 60-70 °C. Ha HeKOTopLlX
KanaHJJ;pax, He HMeIDm;HX YCTpOHCTBa JJ;JIH KOHTpOJlH TeMnepaTypLl MaCJla, OTXO-
JJ;HID;ero OT nOAmHnHBROB, npBMeHHIDT TepMonapLl P;JlH saMepa TeMnepaTypLl nOJJ;-
mHnHHKOB. TepMOnapy YCTaHaBJlHBaIDTCJI B Kopnyce nOAmHDHBROB. ROMneHca-
D;UOHHYe npOBOJJ;a TepMonap BLlBOP;HT K MHOrOTOqequOMY nOTeHu;n:OMeTPY BJIB KOH-
TaKTBOMY raJlLBaBOMeTpy, nepeKJlIDqaIDID;eMycJI C OAHOH TepMOnapY Ha JJ;pyrYID.
Y Bcex T:un:OB nOnnmDHHKOB BMeeTCH sasop MemJJ;Y BpaID;aIDm;eHCH D;an
i-
BaJiKa (B nOnmBnHBKaX KaqeHHH - C BacameHHOH Ha Hee 060iiMOH) B BKJIaALIII1eM
(B nOnmHnmmax KaqeHHH - HenOJJ;BIDKBOH 060iiMOH), 9THM yqBTLIBaeTCH BOSMOm-
HOCTL TepMH"IeCKOrO pacmBpeHHH BaJiKa. RorJJ;a KaJlaHAP pa60TaeT nOJJ; HarPYSKOH
H sasop MemJJ;y BaJlKaMB SanOJIHeB peSHHOBOH CMeCLID, sa Sop MemJJ;y meiiKOH BaJlKa
H TeJlOM BKJl8,IU>lma nOJJ; BosJJ;eicTBHeM pacnopHoro yCHJlHlI yMeHLmaeTCH C OAHOH
CTOpOHLI JJ;O HYJlH B He BJIBlIeT Ha TO
nOJIyqaeMoro JlHCTa (pHC. 6.17, a).-
OJJ;HaKo KaK TOJILKO BeJlJAJma sanaca pe81U1LI B sasopax BaJiKOB BSMeHHTCH, BSMe-
HHTClI B JJ;aBJJeHHe Ha BaJlKH PI' P 2' P s , BLlSLlBaIDID;ee, B CBOID OqepeJJ;L, BSMeHeHHe-
TOJlID;lDlI>l nOJlyqaeMoro JlHCTa. n03TOMY B KaJlaB,D;pax npHMeHHIDT nOJJ;mHnHHKH,
npeJJ;BapHTeJJLHO HarpymeHBYe (nOJIOmeHHe C 1 Ha pHC. 6.17), KOTOpye npB pa60Te-
saiMYT nOJJ01KeHHe .c 2' qTO p;OCTBraeTClI YCTaHOBKOH rBp;paBJllI1IeCKHX
JlHBJJ;POIt.
Ha KamJJ;OM KOBD;e, BaJIKa, OKaSYBaIDID;HX BOSJJ;eHCTBHe Ba Kopnyc nOJJ;mmmBRa.
06LIqHO YCTaBaBJlHBaIDT no JJ;Ba
JlHHJJ;pa Ha KamJJ;OM Ko
e BaJlKa (pHC. 6.17, 6),.
KOTopLle npBmHMaIDT meiiKY BaJlKa K nOBepXHOCTII BKna,D;LJ1lla nOJJ;nmnHHKa HJIH
nOJJ;BHmBoH 060HMe.
rHJJ;paBJlH"IeCKHH D;HJlHHJJ;P COSJJ;aeT JJ;aBJleHBe Ha KamAyIO D;an
y BaJiKa npu-
MepH.0 JJ;O 0,07 MH. npHmHMHLle rBJJ;paBJIlI1IeCKHe YCTpoHcTBa Moryr 6L1T:& P;BOH-
Horo p;eiicTBIIH JI YCTaHaBJIHBaIDTCH no OJJ;BOMY Ha JJ;Ba nOAmHDHBRa. B 3TOM CJlY-
qae npHiHHMHOe rHJJ;paBJlBqeCKOe YCTPOHCTBO YCTaHaBJlHBaeTCH MemJJ;y BaJiKaMB
(pHC. 6.17, 8).
6.3.3. CTaHHHbl
CTaHHBLI KaJlaHJJ;pa OTJlHBaIOTCH D;eJlLBYMB BS qyryua MapOK Cq 12-28,
Cq 15-32, Cq 18-36. B cpeJJ;HeH qaCTH CTaHIUILI BMeIDTCH npopeSH JJ;JIH yCTaHoBKB
no,nmHnHHKOB BaJiKOB.
CTaHIUILl onopHLlMH nOBepXBOCTHMH YCTaHaBJlHBaIOTCR Ha
YB,D;aMeBTBOH
nJlne H KpenHTCH K Hei 60JITaMH. <I>yuJJ;aMeHTHye nnHTLI BLlnOJIHHIOTClI M8CCHB-
HLlMH liS qyrYBHoro JIHTLH C paSBHTYMH pe6paMH meCTKOCTII. CBepxy CTaHHBh1
CKpenJiHIDTCH MaCCHBHOH TpaBepcoH (nonepeqlUloH).
6.3.4. MexaHMsM perynHpoBaHMfI sasopOB
Me>KAY BanKaMH
B saBHCHMOCTH OT XapaKTepa pa60TLI KaJlaBJJ;pa B 06pa6aTHBaeMOro MaTe-
pHaJla MeHHeTCH sasop MemJJ;Y BaJiKaMB. ,D;JllI perYJlHpOBaHHH sasopOB npHMeHHeTCH
cnen;u.aJl:&HLli MexaHHSM, COCTOHm;Hi 06L1quo HS 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJIH, peJJ;yKTopa
189
qepBftqHOrO TUna H npHmHMBoro BHHTa, nepeMem;aIDm;ero nOJJ;mnnBHK KaJlaBJJ;pa
B npopeSH CTaBHBLI.
Y KaJlaH,npOB CTapLlX OHCTPYK perYJlHpOBaHHe sasopOB MemJJ;Y BceMH
BaJiKaMH ocym;ecTBJlHJIOCL OT OAHoro 9JIeKTpOJJ;BBl'aTeJIlI qepes CHCTeMY nepeJJ;aq
H KYJla1lR0BLlX YCTPOHCTB. Co-
BpeMeBBye KaJIaBJJ;pY HMeIDT BH-
ABBHJJ;yaJlLBye MexaBHSMLI pery-
JIHpOBaBHH sasopOB Ha KamJJ;YID
CTOPOHY perYJJUpyeMoro BaJlKa.
n pHBOp; MexaBHSMa COCTOBT HS
3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJlH nepeMeBBoro
TOKa MOID;HOCTbID OT 0,2 JJ;O 2,8 KBT
(B saBHCHMO.CTH OT paSMepa Ka-
JIaH,npa) H peJJ;YKTopa C i = 1300-
4000. CKOPOCTL nepeMeID;eBHH
nOJJ;munBUKa BaJJKa OpH pery-
JlHpOBaBBB sasopa npH rpy60i Ha-
cTpoiKe paBBa 2,0-4,7 MM/MHH,
a npH TOqBOi BacTpoHKe COCTa-
BJiHeT 0,3-0,5 MM/MHH. MaKcH-
MaJIIoHall BeJIHqHHa aaaopa KO-
Jle6JIeTCH OT 15 ,no 100 MM JJ;JIH
KPYDHLlX H OT 5 JJ;O 10 MM JJ;JIJI
Be60JILmHX KaJlaHJJ;pOB. npHMep
KOHCTpYKTHBHOrO BLlnOJlHeHHJI
TaKoro MexaHHSMa nOKaaaH Ha
pHc.6.18.
BepxHHi BaJJOK 1 pa60TaeT
B no,nmHnBHKax CKOJllomeBBJI, C
JJ;ByX TOPD;OB KOTOporo HMeIDTClI
IS ynJIOTHeBHH JIa6HpUHTHoro Tuna
5 H 17. MexaBHsM perYJlHpOBa-
17 BUH aasopa npHBOJJ;HTCH B JJ;BH-
meHHe OT 3JIeKTpOJJ;BHraTeJlH qe-
pes qepBftqBLlH peJJ;yKTOp 12.
HamuMHoi BHHT 9 peryJIHpOBa-
HHH aasopa nepeMem;aeTCH B
raiKe 10, aaKpenJIeHHOi B CTa-
HBHe 11 KaJJaBJJ;pa. nepeJJ;aqy
peryJIBPOBaBlUI saaopa BepX- YCHJIBH Ha nOJJ;mnnBUK BaJiKa
BHHT OCyID;eCTBJIHeT qepes ynop-
HYH nOJJ;mHnHUK 7. JIID4>TY B sa-
sopax MeX8HH3Ma perYJlHpO-
BaBHH H B no,nllIBDnHKe BaJlKa
YCTpaHHIDTcH npu nOMOID;ll rH-
JJ;paBJJHqeCKOrO D;HJlUHJJ;pa 15,
BosJJ;eiicTBYIDID;ero Ba BcnOMora-
TeJJLHLIH no,nmHnBUK 16, tloca-
meHHYi Ha D;an4>e BaJiKa. rB,D;pO JlBHJJ;PLI npeJJ;BapHTeJILHO BarpymaIDT nOJJ;-
munsHKH BaJlKOB, KaK 3TO onuCaHO BLIme. PerYJIHpOBOqBbIe BHHTLI Bp8ID;aIDTCJI
B 6POHSOBLIX raiiKax 10. B KaqeCTBe peJJ;YKTopOB npHMeHHIDT JJ;ByxCTyneHqaTLIe
qepBftqHLIe HJlH rJI060HJJ;BLle pep;YKTopLl, a TaKme KOM6HHa qepBHqBYX peJJ;YK-
TOpOB C nJlaHeTapHLlMH.
MeXaHUSMY perYJlHpOBaHHH saaopOB HMeIDT KOHD;eBLIe OrpaHHqHTenH n pe e-
190
'2
6
If
01
I
J
PHC. 6.t8. MeXaBBSM
aero BMKa KaJJaB pa:
1 - DepxBldl: BaJlOK; 2 - llpoBSOBaJI B'l'yJlKa nO.1UDRDllDKa;
8 - IIPOBSOBoe KOJlbI(O; 4 - YDOPBWI: ROAmBRR\IK; S - yn-
JlO'I'HeBBe; 6 - Kopnyc nOJUIDUIBBKs; 7 - ynopBldl: DOA-
IDJDIBIIKi 8 - BalKBMHoil ARCK; 9 - DHHTi 10 - rafiKs;
11 - CTaBBB8 KaJlSHApa; 12 - qepBRqHiolit PeJIYKTOP; 13-
..epBll'lJloe KOJIeco; 14 - YKSSa1'eJlb BeIIH'IHHioI sasops; lS-
J'IIjQ)3.BmAecKItCI: I(BIUtRAP MeXaBB3MS BwlIopa mo.sm>B; 16-
1ICDOMOraTeJlbBWI: DOAWBDBRK MeX8.B113Na Bw(iopa motjrroB;
17 -}'JUJ0TRe8IIe.
ID;eHHH BaJiKOB, KOTOpLle aBTOMaTH"IeCKH OCTaHaBJlHBaIOT 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJIH npD
JJ;OCTHmeHUU npeJJ;eJlLBOH BeJIH"IBHLI sasopOB. RpOMe Toro, MemJJ;Y KOHD;OM npHilmM-
Horo BHHTa H nOJJ;mHDBHKOM BaJJlta qaCTO Ha aepXHBX BaJlKaX YCTaHaBJIBBaIDT npeJJ;o-
xpaHHTeJlLBLle TapeJiKH (AHCKH), a Ha HumHHX - cpeSHLle mnHJlbKH.
MexaHUSMLI perYJJHpOBaHHH sa-
sopa cHa6maIDTCH npHcnoco6JIeHHHMJI
JJ;JIH BKJlIDqeBHH cpasy 060HX 3J1eK-
TpOJJ;BHraTeJlei, YCTaHOBJleBHLlX Ba pe-
rYJIHpyeMoM BaJlKe; 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJIH
Moryr BKJIIDqaTLCH U HHABBUJJ;yaJlLBO.
3TO nOSBOJIHeT nepeJJ;BHraTL BaJlOK
napaJlJleJlLBO ero OCH HJIn me nepe-
BHraTL Kam
bli KOHeD; OTJJ;eJlLHO.
B COBpeMeHHJ>lX KOHCTPYKD;HHX Ka-
JlaB,npOB HaqHHaIDT HCnOJlLSOBaTL rH-
JJ;paBJlHqeCKHe H rHJJ;ponBeBMaTH"IeCKHe
MeXaHHSMLI JJ;JlH perYJlHpOBaHHH saso-
pOB MemJJ;Y BaJlKaMH KaJlaHJJ;pOB. Y c-
TPOHCTBO MexaHHsMa TaKoro Tuna, npn-
MeBHeMoro
HpMoi «<I»appeJI» (CIlIA),
nOKasaHO Ha pUc. 6.19. 3TO YCTPOH-
CTBO BMeeT pJlJJ; npeHMyID;eCTB nepeJJ;
MeXaHH"IeCKHM - 6LIcTpoe paaBeJJ;eBHe
BaJlKOB;(9,525 MM/C), 6YCTpOe BOSBpa-
ID;eBBe BaJlKa B HCXOJJ;Hoe nOJIoateHHe,
npe,nOTBpaID;eHue neperPYSKH H no-
JIOMKU, YCTpaBeBue CHJILHOrO TpeBJIJl
. MemJJ;y BHHTOM H raiKoii, 60JILmoi
JJ;uanasoH perYJlupOBaHUH sasopa
(60 : t BMeCTO 06b1qBLlX 5 : 1).
6.3.6. rMApaBnM'feCKMe
YCTaHoBKH
Bee rHJJ;paBJIHqeCKHe MeXaH
SMbI
COBpeMeHHYX KaJlaHJJ;poB npHBo,nHTCH
B JJ;eHCTBHe OT CneD;HaJlLHOrO rHJJ;po-
npHBOJJ;a. B CCCP 06b1QBO npHMeHH-
IDTCH I'B
paBJIBqeCKHe MaCJJHHLle Ha-
COCY c' JJ;aBJleHHeM MaCJJa 5 Mna.
ECJlH Tpe6yeTcH 60JlLmee JJ;aBJIeHHe
MaCJIa, TO npHl\1eHHIDT rHJJ;pOYCHJlH-
TeJlH (MYJJLTHnJlUltaTopbl). Hacoc (qaID;e
meCTepeB1J:aTLlii) sa6HpaeT MaCJIO HS
c60pBoro 6aKa H nOJJ; JJ;aBJIeHHeM 5 Mna
nOJJ;aeT ero K D;UJlHB,npaM HJIH B rH-
POYCHJlHTeJIL, HS KOToporo MaCJIO nOJJ;
JJ;aBJJeHHeM 12 Mna nocTynaeT B D;H-
JlHH,npLI JJ;JlH BLl60pa JlID4>TOB, nepeKpeID;DBaHHH ocei HJln KOHTpnsru6a BaJlKOB.
OTpa60TaBBoe MaCJlO qepes
HJJLTp BOSBpaID;aeTCH B C60PHLIH 6aK. r
JJ;pOcHcTeMa
KaJIaHJJ;pa aBTOMaTH"IeCKH ynpaBJlHeTCH H KOHTpOJlHPyeTcH COOTBeTCTByIOID;HMD.
KOBTpOJlLHO-USMepHTeJlLBLlMH npH60paMH.
6
8
5
9
"
J
10
11
12
2 ,
PRC. 6.19. fup;paBJIB'lecKBii MeXaBB3M P;JIJI pa-
ryapOBaBRJI sasopa MemAY BaJlI(aMB Kuaup;pa:
1 - lJIeRTPOJlBlU'aTeJl&; S - peAYKTOP; 3 - a1!8puft-
BId BDYCK MaCJJa; 4 - Dopmem. avaplI8Boro Jlett-
CTBIUI; 5 - ceAJlO Manea; 6 - KOPDyC DOJIDIl1DHlJKa
BanKa; ., - OC& Bamea; 8 - BYXOJl MaMa; 9 - DOp-
mem.; 10 - BBBTi 11 - B%OA MaMa; IS - ralKa.
191"
6.3.6. npHBOA KanaHApOB
npHBOJJ; KaJlaHJJ;pOB MomeT 6b1TL OCYID;eCTBJIeH no paSJIH"IHhIM KHHeMaTH"IeCKHM
.cxeMaM. B OCHOBBOM npHMeBHIDTCH CJleJJ;yIOID;He HaH60Jlee pacnpOCTpaBeHBLle BapH-
aHTY: a) OT OJJ;Horo 3JJeKTpOJJ;BHraTeJlH qepes peJJ;YKTOp H CHCTeMY npHBOJJ;HYX H
nepeJJ;aTOqBLlX sy6qaTYX Konec; 6) OT OJJ;Boro 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJlH qepes peJJ;YKTOp
H 6J10K-peJJ;YKTop C nepeJJ;aqeH JJ;BBmeBHH KamJJ;OMY BaJlKY OTJJ;eJlLHblM mapBupBLlM
'DlnHBJJ;eJleM; B) OT OAHoro 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJlH qepes 6JIOK-peJJ;YKTOp C nepeJJ;aqei
JJ;BumeHHH KamJJ;OMY BaJlKY OTJJ;eJlLHLlM mapBHpBLlM mnUBJJ;eJIeM; r) OT BBJJ;HBU-
.JJ;yaJlLHOrO JJ;JlH KamJJ;oro BaJJKa 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJIJI qepes 6JIOK-peJJ;YKTOp H OTJJ;eJlL-
Hye JJ;JIJI KamJJ;oro BaJiKa mapBHpHYe DlnHHJJ;eJlH.
npHBOALI KaJlaBJJ;pOB JJ;OJImBLI 06eCneqUBaTL pa60TY Ba paaJIH"IBYX CKOpOCTHX
B SaBHCHl\fOCTH OT BLlnOJIBHeMLlX TeXBOJlOrH"leCKHX onepa i. B HaqaJle pa60Tbl
KaJlaHJJ;p JJ;OJlmeH pa60TaTL Ba sanpaBOqBOi CKOpOCTH (3-6 M/MUB). B TeqeHHe
3Toro nepHo,na npOHSBOJJ;HTCH sanpaBKa TKaHH B KaJIaBJJ;p H JJ;pyrue nOJJ;c06BLle
onepaD;BB, CBHsaHHLIe C nYCKOM RaJlaBJJ;pa B pa60TY. nocJle 3Toro KaJlaHp;p nepe-
BOJJ;UTCH Ha pa60QYID CKOpOCTL. Pa60qHe CKOpOCTIl KaJlaHJJ;pOB CTapblX KOHCTPYKD;mi
MOrJIH perYJlHpOBaTLCH B npeJJ;eJIax OT 1 : 3,n0 1 : 4. B HaCTOHID;ee BpeMH KaJIaBJJ;pLl
06L1qHO oeIDT npHBOJJ;LI C perYJlHpOBaHHeM CKOpOCTH 1 : 10. MaKCHMaJlLHaH CKO-
pOCTL Y COBpeMeBBLIX KaJlaHJJ;pOB KOJle6J1eTCH B npe,neJlax 50-120 M/MBB. 3JIeKTpO-
_JJ;BuraTeJlL KaJlaBJJ;pa JJ;OJImeH n03ToMY HMeTL nepeMeHHyIO qaCTOTY BpaID;eHUH,
nJJaBHOe perYJlHpOBaBHe CKOpOCTU B mHpOKHX npeJJ;eJlax, MaKCUMaJlLBLlH KPYTH-
H MOMeHT npH Bcex CKOPOCTHX, npHMoH H peBepcHBBLIii XOJJ; H BLlJJ;epmHBaTL
MrBOBeHBLle neperpysKH JJ;O 300%.
3THM yCJIOBHHM COOTBeTCTBYIDT 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJIH nOCTOHHHoro TOKa C mYH-
-TOBOH 06MOTKOi, HMeIDID;He perYJIHpOBaHHe qaCTOm BpaID;eHHH 1 : 10 H nOSBOJlH-
IDID;He oCYID;ecTBHTL 3J1eKTpOJJ;HBaMlI1IeCKOe TopMomeHHe. PerYJlHpOBaHue qatToTLI
BpaID;eHHH JJ;OCTHraeTCH sa CqeT npHMeHeHHH TpeXMamBBHoro arperaTa CJiCTeMLI
«BapJJ; - JIeoHapJJ;O». nOJJ;06BLli npHBOJJ; lIMeeT 66JILmM qaCTL pa6OTaIOID;1IX Ka-
JlaB,tq>OB. pJlJJ; sapy6emHLIX UpM U OTeqecTBeHBaH DpOMymJIeHBOCTL HaqDHaIOT
mBpoKo DpllMeHHTL pryTHLle HJIH TUpBCTopHLle BblnpHMHTeJlH C perYJIHpOBaBueM
TOKa Boa6ymJJ;eHHH 1: 100, KOM6HBHpyeMLle C mYHToBLlM JJ;BHraTeJIeM, y KOTO-
poro perYJIHpyeTcH HanpHmeHHe Ba HKope. OHH 3KOHOMUqHLI, HMeIDT BLICOKHH
Rn,D;, He saBHCHID;ui OT HarpYSKH, U JJ;onycKaIDT KpaTKOBpeMeHHLIe neperpysKH.
MOID;BOCTL 3JIeKTpo,nBHraTeJleH JJ;JlH npHBOJJ;a KaJIaBJJ;pOB aaBHCUT OT KOJlHqe-
>CTBa BaJiKOB, HX pasMepOB H CKOpOCTIl BpaID;eHBH. MOm;BOCTL 3J1eKTpo,nBHraTeJIH
rJIaBBOrO upHBOJJ;a onpeJJ;eJlHIDT HCXOJJ;H HS OnYTBLIX JJ;aHBLlX 0 pa60Te KaJlaBJJ;pOB
U MOID;Hoem, npHxoJJ;HID;eicH Ha 1 CM JJ;JIHBI>1 pa60qei qaCTH OJJ;Boro BaJlKa:
N =0,736 nLK
'l'Ae N - MODgiOCTi>, KBT; n - '1BCJlO BaJIKOB KaJIaaApa; L - ARBBa paoo'leii nOBepmOCTB
Baua, CM; K - .MOm;aOCTb 9JIeKTpOABliraTeJlJl (JI. c.), DpBXOAJIID;&JICJI Ba 1 CM lIJIBBLI pa60'leii
"IaCTR BUKa; 06H'IB0 K npBBBMaeTeJl paBBHM:
PaaMepw pa(io1leA qaCTR
BanROB KanaJIJXPOB, 11M
,nJIII TpeX-
BamcoBwx
KlUlaBJlPOB
,nnll qeTwpeX-
BanKOBWX
KanaHJlPOB
0.2-0,3
0,140-0.145
0.150-0,155
0.29-0,36
460x940 .
400x 1000
500x 1250
610X 1730
710x2000
0.135-0.140
0,145-0,150
0.24-0.28
0,40-0.42
OJJ;SaKO eCJIB P;JlJI CTapyX KOHCTPYKD;Hi KaJIaH,npoB paCqeTBaH MOID;BOCTL,
.onpeJJ;eJleHHaH no npBBeJJ;eHBoi 4>opMYJle, COOTBeTCTBOBaJla npaKTH"IeCKH MOID;-
EOCTH yCTaBOBJIeB1DiX 9J1eKTpoJJ;BHraTeJleH rJIaBHOrO npHBOJJ;a, TO JJ;JIH cOBpeMeB-
'192
BLIX KaJIaHJJ;pOB C nOBLImeBHYMH CKOpOCTHMU npHBeJJ;eHHYe SBaqeBHH K He06xo--
P;HMO yoeJIH"IHTL B 1,5-2 pasa B saBHCUMOCTH OT paSMepOB KaJIaBApa H OKpymHOH:
CKOpOCTH BaJiKOB.
cI»p HH. ConpHKacaIOID;uecH BaJIKB KaJIaBJJ;pa' no YCJlOBBHM TeXHOJIOl'UqeCKOrO
npOD;ecca JJ;OJImBLI B saBHCUMOCTH OT BLlnOJIBHeMOB onepa HMeTL paBBYe HJIH
paSJJH"IHYe oKpymBLle CKOpOCTH. BaJIKH, npe,nHaSBaqeBBYe JJ;JIH BLInycKa JlHCTOBOH
peSHBLI H 06KJJaJJ;KH TKaHH pesHBoi, 06YQHO Bp8ID;aIDTCH 6es pBRD;HH - C 'OTHO-
meBHeM CKopocTeH 1 : 1, XOTH JJ;JIH 60JILmHHCTBa CJIyqaeB TaKaJl pa60Ta BOSMomHa
c npUMeBeHueM Be60JlLmOH 4>PBK - 1 : 1,1 H JJ;ame 1 : 1,2. BaJlKH JJ;JlH npo-
MaSKU TKaBei JJ;OJImBY HMeTL 60JlLmYID 4>PBKD;HID - 1 : 1,4 HJIB 1 : 1,5.
TKaHL npH npOMaSKe ee pesBBoBoi CMeCLID JJ;BBmeTCH co CKOpOCTLID, paBHoD
CKOpOCTH MeJJ;JJeBBO BpaID;aIDID;erOCJI BaJlKa, a peSHHa HaXOAHTCH Ha BaJlKe, KOTO-
pLlH BpaID;aeTCJI 6L1CTpee. n03TOMY qeM MeHLme paSBUD;a B CKOpOCTJlX 3TUX BaJIKOB,
TeM BLlme npoHsBoJJ;HTeJlLHOCTL KaJIaHJJ;pa. O,IJ,HaKO cyID;ecTByeT npeJJ;eJlLBOe SHaqe-
HHe 4>PHKD;HH, HHme KOToporo TKaBL nJJOXO npOMaSLlBaeTCH HJIH He npOMaSLlBaerCJI
COBceM. TaKoi npeJJ;eJI JlemUT rJJ;e-TO MemJJ;Y SHaqeBHHMH 1 : 1,3 H 1 : 1,4. pBK-
D;HID MemJJ;y BaJiKaMH YCTaHaBJIHBaIDT TaKme JJ;JlH YJIyqmeBDJI nOJJ;orpeBa pesHHo-
BLIX cMeceH. B 3TOM cJIyqae npHMeHHIDT pHKD;HID 1 : 1,5 HJlH 1 : 1,4. B yaHBep-
CaJlLBLIX KaJlaBJJ;pax, rAe pnKD;uH HMeeT 60JJLmOe SBaqeBHe JJ;JlH nOJJ;orpeBa,
a TaKme JJ;JlH npOMaSKH, PUKD;UID cTpeMHTcH CJJ;eJIaTL MeHLme. RaK yKasaHo BIIone,
B BeKOTopLlX CJIyqaHx pa60TaIDT C pBKD;Hei H Ha KaJIaBJJ;pax, lIynycKaIDID;Hx
pesHHoBLli JlHCT. npOCJIOeqHYH TpeXBaJlKOBLlH KaJIaBJJ;p 360 X 1100 MM C r-06pas-
BYM pacnOJlomeBHeM BaJlKOB 1IMeeT PBKD;HID MemJJ;y BYHOCBYM H BepXJDIM BaJI-
KaMU 1 : 1,45, a MemJJ;Y HumBHM H BepXBHM BaJlKaMH 1 : 1,23. HecMoTpH Ha TaKYIO
BLICOKyIO 4>PHKD;uID, MaTepHaJl BLlnycKaeTcH YJJ;OBJIeTBOpHTeJlLHOrO KaqeCTBa.
3yt)1JaTLIe DepeAa'IB. B HaCTOHm;ee BpeMH 6oJlLmHBCTBO MamBBOCTpOHTeJILHYX
UpM BLlnyCI<aeT KaJlaBJJ;pLl C npUBOJJ;OM, B KOTOpOM Bce sy6qaTLle nepeAag CHHTY
C meeK BaJlKOB H c06paBbI B CneD;HaJlLBOM 6JIOK-penyKTOpe, a JJ;BHmeHHe BaJiKaM
(KamJJ;OMY OTJJ;eJILBO) nepeJJ;aeTCH "Iepes mapBupHble mnHHAeJlH THna mapBHpa
fyK8,. npH 3TOM 6J10K-pe,nyKTOp MO)l,eT nepe,naBaTL JJ;BHmeBHe BaJlKaM KaJlaHJJ;pa
KaK OT oJJ;Horo 3J1eKTpOp;BHraTeJIH, TaR B OT OTJJ;eJlLHLlX JJ;JIH KamJJ;oro BaJiKa 9JIeKTpO-
,nBHraTeJIeH. TaKHe CXeMY nOSBOJlHIDT nOJIHOCTLID pasrPYSHTL nOAIIIHnBHKH BaJlKOB
OT JJ;onOJIBHTeJlLBYX ycumm, HCKJlIDqaIDT AOnOJIHBTeJlLBYH nporn:6 BaJlKOB, JJ;aIOT
BOSMomHOCTL OCyID;eCTBJlHTL perYJIBpOBaHHe sasopa MeTOJJ;OM nepeKpeID;HBaHHH
BaJiKOB, a TaKme 06eCneqHBaIDT HSMeHeHHe pBRD;DH B He06xoJJ;1IM0M JJ;HanaSOBe.
3y6qaTye KOJIeCa, c06paBHLIe B Kopnyce 6J10K-peJJ;YKTOpa. pa60TaIDT B YCJlOBHJlX
xopomeH CMaSKB H C nOCTOHBHLIMH paCCTOHHHHMH MemJJ;y D;eHTpaMH. nOqTH Bce
OTeqeCTBeBHLle .,KaJIaBJJ;pLl BLInycKaIDTcH C 6J10K-peJJ;yKTOpaMH.
illapHUpHY9' . mnn:BJJ;eJlH nepeJJ;aIDT 60JJLmUe YCHJIHH, n03TOMY BynOJlHHIDTCH
HS CTaJIB 40X HJlB 40XH. OBH nOSBOJlHIDT nepeJJ;aBaTL JJ;BHmeHHe BaJlKaM npH
yrJle nepeKoca JJ;O 8-10 0 Mem,ny OCHMH BaJlKOB H 6J10K-peJJ;yKTopa, qTO OqeBL
BamBO npu pas,nBHraHDH BaJlKOB H HX nepeKpem;BBaHHH.
PeA)'RTOpLi. B KaJlaBJJ;pax, BynYCKaeMYX OTeqeCTBeHHOH npOMYDIJIeHBOCTLID,
npUMeBHIDTCJI penyKTopLI D;HJIHHJJ;pH"leCKHe H KOHUqeCKO-D;HJlHHJJ;pH"leCKHe, KaK
OJJ;BO-, TaK H JJ;ByxcTyneuqaTYe. 3y6qaTLle KOJIeCa peJJ;yKTopOB HSrOTaBJlBBaIDTCH
HS CTaJlB 45, 40X HJlH 45JI C meBpOBBLlM HJIH KOCLIM Sy60M. B peJJ;yKTopax 60JlLmOH
MOm;BOCTH, KaK npaBHJlO, np1lMeHHIDT meBpOHHoe saD;enJIeBHe, 06eCneqHBaIDID;ee
nJJaBHyro pa60ry peJJ;yKTopa H HOpMaJiLHYID pa60TY nOJJ;munHHKOB.
OT,neJILBLle THnLl pe,nYKTopOB BLlnOJIHHIDTCH C saD;enJleHHeM HOBuKoBa. B pe-
,nYKTopax HcnoJlLsyeTcH CMaSKa pas6pLIsrHBaHHeM HS KapTepa HJJH npHBYJJ;HTeJJL-
BaH, KaK npaBHJJO, OT cneD;UaJlLBOrO Bacoca.
BJlOK-peJJ;YKTopLl, npHMeHHeMble JJ;JIH npUBOJJ;a KaJlaHJJ;pOB, MorYT 6L1TL JJ;BYX
TBDOB. B 6J10K-peJJ;YKTOpe nepBoro THna paSMem.eHLI TOJILKO npHBO,IJ,HLle H nepeJJ;a-
TOqBLle sy6qaTLle KOJleCa c06cTBeHBo KaJIaBJJ;pa. B 3TOM cJlyqae 6J1oK-peJJ;YKTop
U m m
.I\J1J1 aBapuiiBOrO OCTaBOBa BAOJlL BaJlKOB Cnepe,nD D csa,nu RaJlaR,npa HaTJlrtf-
l8aeTCJI TpOCID\, COeA1lHeBHLlD C nepeRJlIOlIaTeJleM, BRJlIOqalOID;DM TOPM08BYID CDCTeMY
'B pa60Ty. B pHAe COBpeMeHBLlX RaJlaH,ItpOB KpOMe pyqBoro aBapdBoro OCTaBOBa
l'aJIau,npa npe,nYCMaTpUBaeTCJI TaKme aBapdHLIii OCTaBOB OT BamaTJiUI BorOH Ba
J',onOJIBUTeJlLBOe aBapDiiBoe YCTPOHCTBO, pacnOJlOmeBBOe B HHmBeH qaCTB CTamDIY.
B KaJIaBJJ;pax CTapLlX ROBCTPYKD;d B TOM cnyqae, eCJIB npHBO
oc
eCT.JIJleTCB
OT 3JIeKTpOABDraTeJIJI nepeMeHHoro TOKa, npllMeBJleTCJI ROJlO
01lHHii TOpM08 C 8J1eR-
TpOr
paBJIHqeCKIIM TOJIKaTeJleM TUna TKTr-400. Bce COBpeMeBBYe RaJlaBAPLl
BblDYCKaIDTCH C npUBOJJ;OM OT 8JIeKTpo,nBn:raTeJleH nOCTOHHBoro TORa. B 8TOM
,CJIyqae np:eMeBHeTCH 8J1eKTpOAHHaMUlIeCKOe TopMomeHDe.
6.4. YCTAHOBKH AMI HArPEBA H OXnA>KAEHHfI BAnKOB
,D;JlJI BOpMaJlLBOH pa60TLI RaJlaH,Itpa OqeBL BamBO 06eCnellHTL nOCTOHHCTBO
'TeMneparypLl BO Bcex TOqgaX pa60qeH JJ;J1DHLI BaJlRa. PaCTOqeBHYe BByTPD BaUB,
,KaK yme YKaSLlBaJIOCL paBee, Be YJJ;OBJleTBOpHIDT 8THM TpOOOBaBHHM. RpaH pa60-
eH
aCTD BaJlKOB co CTOpOHLI meeR B nOAJllDDHBROB OXJlam,naIOTCB CDJlLBee, qeM
'cpeABHJI qaCTL.
ROJle6aBDJI TeMnepaTypLl no JJ;J1UBe BaJiRa HBorJJ;a AOCTUraIOT 8-10 OCt 3TO
npHBOADT R BepaBHOMepBoMy TeMnepaTypBOMY pacmHpeBUID BaJlR8, qTO BLIP a-
i
aeTCJI B MeCTBOM U8MeBeBHH ADaMeTpa, DCRamaIOID;eM
pMy nOBepXHOCTD BaJlRa,
'B peSY
1LTaTe DSMeBBeTCJI TOJI
a BLIDYCRaeMoro JIBCTa pe8BBLI. HarpeB BaJlKOB
npoDSBOlOlTCH napOM JJ;aBJleHDeM 0,3 Mna. PaCTOqeBBLIe BaUB Tpe6yIOT 60JlLmol:
()CTOpOmHOc.TH npD HarpeBe KaJlaH,Itpa. HarpeB RaJlaBJJ;pa AO pa60qeH TeMnepaTypLl
npOUSBOlOlTCJI npD Me,nJleBHOM Bp
eBHB BaJlROB. RaK nOKaS8J1B OOLITLl, JJ;a»te
ROpOTKaJl OCTaBOBRa BeAeT R BenpaBDJlhBOMY BarpeBY BXU OXJlamAeBBID Ba
a,
U 06pasYIDID;HHCH 8KCD;eBTpUCHTeT BaJiKa (SaMepBeMLIii npB nOMOID,H
-JlyqeBoro
'TOJIID;BHOMepa) Be UCqeSaeT B TeqeHDe qaca.
npUMeueBDe nepu
epn:iiHo-cBepJleHYX BaJlKOB, KaK 6YJlO YKa8aRO paRee,
nOSBOJIBJIO YCTpaBDTL MBorDe DS YKasaBHLlx BeJJ;OCTaTKOB D COSJJ;aTL yCJlOBBJI JJ;U
.aBTOM:aTD3a
D perYJIBpOBaRDJI TeMnepaTyphI.
B cOBpeMeBHYX KaJlaBJJ;pax npUMeBHIDTCJI Cne
aJlLBLle YCTaHOBKD JJ;JlJI pery-
.JIHpOBaBDH TeMnepaTYpY BaJlROB. OJJ;Ba HS npHHJlTLlX cxeM npneJJ;eBa Ba pDC. 6.21.
BaJIKD HarpeBaIDTCJI ropnel: BOJJ;OH, nocTynaID
ei D8 TenJIo06MeHBJIKa 1. Pery-
J1DpOBaBBe TeMnepaTypY BO)Utl npODSBOJJ;HTCJI TepMoperYJIHTOpOM 4, KOTOpLII:
BI\JIIDqaeT DJlD OTKJlIOqaeT no,naqy napa B TenJIo06MeBHHK. TeMnepaTypa BOALI
aaMepHeTCH TepllOnapoH 3. OXJlamJJ;eBHe BaJiRa npOD8BOAJilTCH XOJIOJJ;BC>B BOAol:
-c nOCTOJlHHOH,
eMnepaTYPoH, nocTynaIOID;eH DS TenJlo06MeBBHKa 7. XOJIOnHaH
II ropJlqaJl B
a UOAaeTCH DHlOIBBAyaJILBYM Ha RamJJ;LlH PRnOR HaCOCOM 5.
3aAaBHaJl TeMnepaTypa nOMepiRUBaeTCJI B YCTaBOBJleBHLlX npeJJ;eJlax npB
nOMOID;H TepMoperYJlJlTopa 4, KOTOpLlii, ynpaBJlJlH MeM6paHBYMD KJlanaHaMU 2,
perYJIUpyeT nocTynJleH1le rOpJlqeH D XOJIoJJ;Boi BO,ny B BaJIOK KaJlaBApa. TOllBOCTL
perYJlDpoBaBDH TeMoepaTypLl BO)Utl :f:3°C. HHofJJ;a BarpeB CBepJleBLlX B8JIROB
npoHSBoJJ;JlT napoM JJ;aBJleBHeM 0,6 Mna, OAHaKO peryJlUpOBaBHe TeMnepaTypLl ropJl-
"IeB BOJJ;L1 JJ;aeT JIyqmue pesyJlLTaTLI.
Y CTaBOBKD BarpeBa D OXJlam,neBDJI BaJlKOB 6L1BaIOT 1IIIAHBDJJ;yaJlLBLle - JJ;JIJI
OAHoro KaJlaR,npa BJlD RaJiaBAPOBoH J1HBBB, CocToJl
ei DS JJ;BYX RaJIaBJJ;pOB, a TaK-
iI\e
eBTpaJIU30BaBBLle - Ba rpynny RaJlaB,npoB.. tIT06y 06eCneqHTL paBBOMep-
1l0CTL HarpeBa BaJlKOB, DBor,na C KpaeB BaJlRa B Cne
aJlLBLlX KaBaJlaX YCTaBaBJlU-
BaIOT 3J1eKTpooo,norpeBaTeJID, KOTophIe 06eCnellUBaIOT no,norpeB, ROMneBCDpy-
IOlI\HH 60JI LlI!ee OCTLlBaBHe BaJlKOB no KpaJlM no cpaBBeBHID C cepeJJ;DHoH.
*) OTe'leCTBeaaaJl npOMLImJIeRBOCTi> BHnY
Ka8T RaJIaBApLi ROMDJIeRTaO C YCTaBOBKaMIt
J1f1 narpeBa BaJIKOB, TaR BaSLIBaeMhIMB TeUJIOBLIMB CTaBD;BJlMB, B R8'100TBe TeUJIoaOCOTeJIJI
npUMealleTCJI XDtD'lOORB o'lB1l\eRB8JI BOAa BJIO ROBAeBcaT. TewepaTYpa TeUJIOBOCllTeJIfI aBTO-
AtamqeCRU perYJIBp
eTClI B npeAeJI8X 20+120 °C.I
t3. t95
3aMep TeMnepatypLl BpaID;aIOID;erOCJI BaJlKa RaJIaBJJ;pa npeJJ;CTaBJlHeT c060i
TPYAHYIO aaJJ;aqy. ,D;JlJI 3TDX D;eJlei npBMeBJlIOTCJI KOBTaKTHLle TepMOnapLl paSJI1fII-
BLIX KOBCTPYRD;UH 11 6eCROBTaRTBLle paJJ;Ua OBBLle TepMOMeTpLl. 06yqBO npBM8-
BHIOT nJiaCTUsqaTyIO TepMonapy, npUmBMaeMyIO R BaJiRy Ba OTRDAHOM KpOsm-
TeiBe. He,nOCTaTOR TaKoro cnoco6a USMepeHDH SaKJIIDqaeTCH B TOM, qTO TepMonapa
HarpeBaerCJI OT TpeBIDI 0 BaJIOK. npBMeHHIOT TepMonapLl, BMOBTDpOB8HHLIe B no-
BepXBOCTL BaJlKa. B 3TOM cJlyqae CHDMaTL nOKaaaHDH npDXOAHTCJI qepes KOHTaRT-
BLIe KOJILD;a, TO JlBJIJleTCH cepLeSHYM BeJJ;OCTaTKOM 9Toro cnoc06a. HaD60Jlee
YJJ;06HLlM HBJIJleTCH cnoc06 Omll1leCROrO paAHaD;DOHHoro 6eCKOBTaKTHoro saMepa
TeMnepaTYPLl. OAHaKO 3TOT cnoco6 MaJlO pacnpOCTpaHeH Ds-sa O CYTCTBDH Ha em-
HYX npu60pOB, MorYID;DX saMepHTL TeMnepaTYPY nOBepXHOCTD B npe eJlax 80-
130°C. Ha-sa OTCyTCTBIDI HaJJ;emBYX cnoc060B saMepa TeMneparypLI nOBepXBOCTD
, ,- ----...., 3 ,
: J
- 1f I 7 6
looua I
811Jdyx I: 2
L.__' 2
II
J
-f- J -,-
flap
I 2
I I
Z '----------------------.1
PBC.' 8.21. CXeMa YCTasOBKB p,JISI DO a'DI DeperpeTOi BOAJl[ B aBTOHaTJlllecKoro pery BaBBJI
TelmepaTYpY DOBepmOCTB BUJCa:
1 - TeImOOGMeBIIJfK; I - MeMGPaIIIIIII8 JUlaD8JIY; 8 - TepMODapW; 4 - TePMOpel'}'ml'l'OpW; 5.- BRcoe; /1-
BIUJOIC; 1 - TeDnooGQBBIIJC.
BaJlRa RaJlaHJJ;pa perYJIBpOBaHUe TeMneparypLl BeJJ;yT no TeMneparype BLlXOJJ;JlID;eH
BO,nLl. Ha OTeqeCTBeHHLlX RaJlaHJJ;pax JJ;JlJI SaMepa TeMnepaTypLl BaJlKa YCTaSaBJID-
BaIOT ROHTaRTHLle JJ;anlllm TeMnepaTypLl BaJlKOB ,D;T6-061 U nOTeBD;UOMeTpLl.
6.5. ABTOMATHLIECKOE H3MEPEHHE H PErynHPOBAHHE
Tonw.HHbI BblnYCKAEMOrO nHCTA
,D;JlJI HenpepLlBBoro DSMepeBDH TOJlID,HHY BLlnycKaeMoro Ba RaJlaBJJ;pe PA!\BHO-
Boro JIDCTa cYID;ecTByeT MHoro yCTpoicTB. Hx MomBO pasJJ;eJIBTL Ba CJIeJJ;yIOID;De
rpyDIILl: 1) MeXaJlJl1leCRUe pOJilIKOBOrO Tuna C yRasaTeJILHLlMU rOJlOBRaMU; 2) 3JIeR-
Tpll1leCKDe, SaMepJlIOID;De 9JIeKTpUqeCKOe conpOTUBJleHBe MaTepUaJIa; 3) 3JIeRTpO-
MarBDTHLle BHJJ;yKD;HOBHoro TDna; 4) 3J1eRTplAeCRDe eMROCTHoro TDna; 5) nseBMa-
TUqeCKDe; 6) peHTreBOBCRDe; 7) BeCOBLle YCTpoicTBa BenpepLlBBoro JJ;eHcTBUJI;
8) paAHOaRTuBHoro Tuna. Bce 3TU opu60py 00 cBoeD TOqHOCTD YJJ;oBJleTBOpJlIOT
Tpe60BaHIDIM, npeJJ;'bJlBJlJleMYM R TOJlID;DHe pesDHoBLlX JIUCTOB. OJJ;BaKO nepBLle
ceML rpyun He nOJlHOCTLID YJJ;OBJIeTBOpHIOT nOTpe6HOCTJlM peSBHOBoro npOBSBO,n-
CTBa, U pacnpOCTpaBeH1le nOJlyquJlD npu60pLl panuoaRTDBHoro Tuna.
HaOTODHLle TO BBOMepLi. B 3TUX npD60pax DCnOJILSOBaHO u8J1yqeHBe UCKYC-
CTBeHHO nOJlyqeHHLlx paJJ;DoaRTBBHLlX DSOTonOB. OnLlTaMH 6L1J10 YCTaHOBJleHO, qTO
JJ;JIJI DSMepeHUJI TOJIID;UHLI Bau60Jlee nOJJ;XO HT -JlyqD 3HeprDeH 6-25 MRIOpH,
DMeIOID;ue 60JILmyIO npOBUKaIOm.yIO cnoC06BOCTL.
196
"
Bce HSOTOOHLle TOJlID;BBOMepLl COCTOHT HS TpeX 6J10KOB: DSJlyqaTeJlJl - DCTOq- ,
BH:Ka -JlyqeH, npBeMB1!Ka -JlyqeH H yKaSaTeJlB KOJlH eCTBa npBBJlTYX -Jlyqel:.
TOJlID;HHOMep npOXOJJ;HID;erO TBna npBMeBHeTCJI B TeX cJlyqaJlX, ROrJJ;a 06e CTO-
pOBLI peSBBOBOrO JIUCTa ,nocTynBLI ,nJJH HSMepeHHJI. CXeMa pa60TY opH60pa nOKa-
3aBa Ha pHC. 6.22. nOTOK -qaCTB:O; HanpaBJlHeTCJI Ha pesHHoBLlH JlHCT 2. tJacTL
-qaCTBD; oTpamaeTcH, qaCTL norJlOID;aeTCH MaTepHaJlOM, a OCTaJlLBLle 0POXOJJ;JlT
HaCRBOSL D nona,naIDT B uOBBsaD;HoHBYID KaMepy. ROJlll1leCTBO -qaCTHD;, npomeJJ;-
mux qepes JlHCT pesBHLI, eCTL npJlMaJl YBKD;BH MaCCLI eJJ;BBHD;L1 nJloID;a)J;u JlHCTa.
,nJlH Toro T06L1 aaMepBTL TOJlID;HBy JlUCTa no BceH ero mupuHe, npBMeHJlIDT
YCTaBoBKY, COCTOHID;YID HS JJ;BYX cTaD;HoBapHLlx rOJlOBOR, pacnOJIOmeBBLlX no
RpaHM JlUCTa, BJIH OJJ;HOI: JJ;BDraIDID;eHCH nonepeK JlHCTa nonepeMeBHO B 06e CTOpOBLI.
DpD 3TOM SaMepJleTCH cpeA'tHJI Macca JlHCTa HJJR OTKJIOHeHHH OT Cre,rr,Hen: TOJlID;JlBY
PBC. 6.22. CxeMa PaABOaKTBBBOrO
TGJI OMepa DpOxOAJIID;ero TBBa:
1 - BCTOqBBI< BanyqeBBJI; 2 - MaTe-
pBan; 3 - onpe,llenBTeJlb; '4 - ')'I<aaa-
TeJlb ()fi(JJOBemDI; 6 - YKaaaTeJlb MaCCIII;
/I - ,IIBCTa OBB..it ')'I<aaaTeJlb OTIUIO-
HelDla; 1 - aaDBCh Mace..; 8 - aBTO-
MaTll'lecJ<Bit perYJlJlTOp; 9 - YCUnBTeJlb;
10 - Gnol< DBTaBUII; 11 - JDIHDR CBaG-
lKeBBJI 9JJeKTp09HeprBeit.
z
4 5
G
000
7
9
8
10
no mupUHe JlBCTa. nOJlyqeBBLle JJ;aBHLle MorYT 6L1TL no,naHLI B aBToMaTuqecKD
pe YJlJlTOp, KOTOpLlH, Bos eHcTBYH Ha SJleKTpoJJ;BHraTeJlH peryJlHpoBaHHH aasopa,
aBTOMaTuqeCKB YMeBLmaeT BJlD YBeJlHqHBaeT sasopbI MemJJ;Y BaJlKaMB.
DOJlBJleHHe Cne aJlLBJ:dX npHcnoc06J1eHHH JlH KOMneHcaD;HH HsrB6a BaJlKOB
OT pacnopHLlx YCHJlBH BYSBaJIO He06xo,nHMOCTL HX aBTOMaTlI1IeCKOrO perYJIDpO-
BaBUH. B CBJlaH C 3THM 6LIJla npe,nJIOmeHa cJle,nYIOID;aJl CHCTeMa, 06eCneqHBaIDID;aJl
Tpe6yeMoe perYJIHpOBaBHe. CHcTeMa pa60TaeT CJle,nYIOID;HM 06pasoM: RapeTKa
C BCTOqBIIKOM paJJ;uoaKTHBHoro HSJlyqeBHH D JJ;eTeKTopoM ,nBHmeTcH nonepeR JlUCTa,
BenpepLlBBo 3aMepHJI TOJlII\HBY H nOCLlJlaH CHrHaJlLl" B CYMMBPYIDID;YID YCTaHoBKY.
3Ta CYMMupyIOlI\aJl yCTaHoBRa nOAYTomUBaeT CpeABIOID TOJlID;UHY A.JlJI TOqeK, pac-
OOJlOmeHBLlX Ba 1/ 8 , 1/ 4 , 1/8 UJID 1/'1. nmpHBLI JlHCTa, II 3TH SHaqeHHH 3anDCLlBaeT
Ba JJ;HarpaMMe. CpeABBJI TOJlID;HHa MomeT 6LITL HCnOJlLSOBaHa TaRme JJ;JlH perYJlH-
pOBaHUB npBcnoc06J1eHBH JJ;JlJI ROMneHcaD;BH HsrH6a BaJlKOB.
Dp1lMeHeBHe nOJJ;06BOH CDCTeMLI Ha KaJlaB,npax MaCCOBoro npOHSBo,nCTBa (Ha-
npHMep, JJ;JlJI mlIHHoro RopJJ;a) 06eCneqHBaeT yMeHLmeHHe pas6poca JJ;onYCKOB no
TOJIID;IIHe Ha 50% U MOmeT JJ;aTL SHaqHTeJlLBYID 3KOHOMHID (JJ;0 1,5-3% CTOBMOCTD
o6KJlaJJ;OqHOH pe3HHLI). OnDcaBHLlH npu60p npHrOJJ;eH TOJILRO JlH saMepa TOJI-
ID;HBY JlUCTa BHe KaJlaHJJ;pa B oc06eBBo JJ;JlB YCTaHOBKH Ba TpeXBaJlKOBLlX KaJla pax.
B Tex CJlyqaHx, RorJJ;a Tpe6yeTCJI saMepHTL TOJlID;HBY JlHCTa pesHHLI Ha BaJiRe
KaJlaH pa, npHMeHJleTCJI TaR BaSLlBaeMLIii TOJlID;HBOMep OTpameHBoro TBDa. Ha
197
pDC. 6.23 nOKasaHa cxeMa YCTpOHCTBa TaKoro npn:6opa. -qac Y nonap,alOT ua
nDCT, U OTpameHHaB DX qaCTL nOrJIOID;aeTCH IIOBBS OBBOH KaMepoH. HBTeBCHB-
BOCTL OTpameBDB SaBUCHT OT cpe,nBero aTOMBoro Beca oTpamaIO eii cpeJJ;Y B 'l'OJl':'
HHLI :IIICTa, npHqeM HSMeHeHHB HHTeBCDBBOCTII OTpameBHoro IIsJlyqeBDH DpO-
nopu;n:OHaJILHLI TOJlID;HHe JlDCTa. HSOTOnBye TO OMepLl SaMepJlIDT TOJIID;oBy
JIDCTa o 2,5 MM (Macca 1 Mil JlHCTa JJ;O 2,6 Rr). TOqBOCTL IISMepeBDH BSOTOOBLIX
TOJIID;UHOMepOB paBHa 0,5-1 %.
BJlaroJJ;apH BYCOKOH TOqBOCTD DSMepeHBB, Ba,nemaOCTD II YA06cTBY B80TOUHLle
TOJlID;DHOMepLl nOJIyqUJIH mDpOKoe pacnpocTpaBeHue JJ;JIB BSMepeBIDI D aBTOMaTD-
qeCKOrO perYJlBpOBaHDB npo:o;ecca RaJiaBAPOBaBBB.
IIBTauBe RaJIa pa pe3HHoii. ,D;JlH Toro qr06Y JlDCT peSDBLI, BLlXO B Dii C Ka-
JlaH,D;pa, HMeJI OJJ;HBaKOBYID TOJIID;HHy no BceH mDpHHe"B JJ;JlBHe, Be06xoJJ;DMO, no-
MHMO Bcero OCTaJlLBOrO, npaBBJILHOe paBBOMepBoe DBTaHlle sasopOB pesBHoii.
ROJle6aHHe KOJlHqeCTBa pesDBoBoH CMeCD B sasope npDBOAHT R BSMeBeBDID pacnop-
Kycu/lume.RIII Horo YCHJIWI, a 8TO, B CBOID OqepeJJ;L, BeJJ;eT R HSMeHeHHID
TOJIID;HHLI BLlnYCKaeMoro JIBCTa.
,D;JlH pacnpe,neJIeBHB JleBTY no sasopy 06L1qHO npD-
, 2 MeHHeTCH KaqaIOID;HiicB MaBTHHKOBYH nllTaTeJlL, T. e.
I \ qaCTL TpaHcnopTepa, MorYID;aB OpOIlSBOABTL nocTynaTeJlL-
I I BO-BOSBpaTBye JJ;BU>KeBWI BJJ;OJIL sasopa. mHpDHa JleHTY,
i ii \i 1 no.......oi. ",op. p""""""".....,a Bex..a B8 no-
o · TpOO..TO .OJJ......... jIeOlIIW. .""".11)' .p....BH. 'I...
6L1CTpee pa60TaeT RaJlaBJJ;p, TeM 66J1LmYID mHpDHY
. JJ;OJlmHa HMeTL cpesaeMaB C BaJlL:O;OB JleBTa. B BeKOTO-
pYX CJIyqaHx ROJlll1leCTBO pesBHLI oopeJJ;eJlHIDT no Macce,
JJ;JlB qero nHTaID YIO JIeBTY nponYCKaIOT qepes BeCLI He-
npepYBBOrO BSBemBBIUUIB.
CTpeJIKII. ,D;JIH TOro qro6L1 orpaBuqHTL pacnpe,neJle-
De peSDHOBOH CMeCB no BaJlKY KaJIa pa, npHMeHBIDTCH
CTpeJlKD. CTpeJIKB JJ;OJlmBLI nJlOTBO npDJIeraTL K BaJlKY,
JlJI 8Toro Top:o;eBaH nOBepXBOCTL CTpeJlRB JJ;OJlmHa 6YTL
06pa60TaHa U TID;aTeJlLBO nOJJ;oruaHa K nOBepXHOCTD BaJlROB. npDJIeraIDID;aB R BaJlKaM
nOBepXHOCTL CTpeJlKH Be JJ;OJlmBa D;apanaTL BaJIKH, n03ToMyee AeJlaIDT DS aJIIDMHHHB,
TeKCTOJlBTa DJID JJ;epeBa. ,D;JlH MexaBHsaD;BB nepeJJ;BDmeHIIH CTpeJlOK no JJ;JlHHe sasopa
Ba pHJJ;e KaJIa pOB npHMeHBeTCB CneO;HaJILHLlB: BDBTOBOB: nepeJJ;BHmBOB MeXaHBSM.
B KPynHLlx KaJIaHJJ;pax, pa60TaIDID;HX C 60JILmOH TOqBOCTbID, npHMeHBIOTCB CTpeJIKH
npmRBMaeMye K BaJlKaM CDJJoi JJ;O 1,0-2,,5 KH JJ;eHcTBBeM DHeBMOD;HJIDHJJ;POB" a npD-
JleraHDe K nOBepXHOCTD BaJiKa perYJlDPyeTcH BSMeBeBDeM B BmeHDH npymHHLl.
HOiRD JJ;JlH 06pesaBDB KpOMOK II BYpeSaBIDI nOJloc peSHHY HMeIOT paSJIII1IBYID
IWHCTPYI( H 06YQHO KpenBTCH R mTaBre oJ YCTaHoBJleBBoH Ba CTaBHHax KaJlaHJJ;pa.
HO>I>D BLlnOJlBBIDTCH KaK POJIBlWBOrO, TaR D CKOJlLSHID;ero THDa. TBepJJ;OCTL Homa
no illopy nocJle SaKaJlKU paBBa 74-75. HBor a BomB eJlaIDTCH C 8J1eKTp0060rpe-
nOM JJ;0 200°C. RPOMKH peSIIBLI, 06pesaeMLle Ba BaJlKe RaJIaB pa UJID sa RaJlaHJJ;-
POM, JJ;OJlmHY BOSBpaID;aTbCB Ha nOJJ;orpeBaTeJlLHYe BaJlLD;L1 JJ;JIH nepepa60TKD.
ECJID He Tpe6YeTCH, qT06L1 BLlnYCKaeMye JlDCTLI BMeJlB rJl KYIO nOBepXHOCTL, TO
I\pOMKD MoryT HanpaBJlHTLCH npJDrlo B sasop. OT60p KpOMOK npoDsBoJJ;HTCB OpH
nOMoID;ll BaJlBKOB, CKOpOCTL BpaID;eBHB KOTOpyX Ha 6-8%I60JlLme, qeM CKOpOCTL
BaJlKOB KaJlaH,!l;pa.
PBC. 6.23. TOJJID;IUIOHep
O'I'pame8Boro TBII8:
1 - BCTOQRIIK lI8JIyqeBBJI;
B - BOBB3al1BOBBall KaMepa;
,_ - OCT peaBBIII; 4 - BMOK
lWIaRJIpa.
6.6. nPHcnOC06nEHHJI K KAnAHAPY
!\a;1\JJ;YH KaJI8HJJ;p JJ;OJImeH 6L1TL npHcnoc06J1eB K oopeJJ;eJleHHOMY BRAY BynOJI-
HHeMYX pa60T (HMeTL cooTBeTcTBYIDID;yIO OCBaCTKY) II K pa60Te B arperaTe C PHJJ;OM
MamBH H npHcnoc06J1eBHii, 06eCneqHBaIDID;Bx HaH60Jlee npoD8BOAHTeJlLHyID ero
pa60TY,
198
ODucaHDe 8rper8THLlX YCTaBOBOK JJ;aeTCB B COOTBeTCTBYIDID;UX rJl8B8X KBUrD,
IlOCBHDJ;eHHLlX 060PYJJ;OBaHUID JIH npOHSBOJJ;CTBa TeX UJIU UHYX Ds,neJIuii. B 3TOH
rJlaBe AaeTCB OnUCaHUe npDcnoc06J1eHUH, nOCTaBJlHeMYX BMeCTe C K8J1aH,npOM,
H BYnYCK8eMOrO opOMLlmJleBSOCTLID CTaSJJ;apTHOrO 060PYJJ;OBaUB, ROTOpOe Tpe-
6yeTcH JJB UCOOJlLSOB8BUH R8JI8HJJ;POB B arperaTaX. BOJIbmaH q8CTL K8JI8HJJ;POB
cHa6maeTCH paCKaTOqHLlMH II a8K8TOqHLlMD npDcnoc06JJeHUHMH, RpenllDJ;HMUCB
8 7
Pac. 6.24. ABTOM8TB'lecKoe
YCTpOiiCTBO Ans mBpeBJIS
KOPAa:
1 - B3Mepmem. mRpRIIH KOPAa;
2 - DOBOpOTRaJl DlBPIlTeJlbllIUI
lIyJ'a; 8 - BURR RUaBJQ)a;
4 - mapBllpIll; IS - R8'I'}'IIDUI
IIBJ1YRIVIORBoro MoOTa; 6 - DBa-
JfoperYmJ'1'Op; 'I - peaJR'l'OP;
8 - tBJIbTP; 9 - AeMlltBPY-
IOlI{ee yCTpOICTBO.
K CTaHBHaM KaJlaHJJ;pa. OHD npeJJ;CT8BJ1HIDT C060H 08TpOHLI, YKpenJJeHHLle Ba KPOB-
mTeHHax.
,D;JlB JJ;y6JIUpOBaHUH D 06KJI8AKD TKaHD peSUHOH KaJIaHJJ;pLl UBorJJ;a cBa6ma-
mCH npeCCOBOqBYMD BaJlBKaMD. npaKTUKa nOK8SaJla, qTO H8UJIyqmuii peSYJlLTaT
,naIOT B8 UKU, npumUMaeMLle MeXaBH"IeCKU BUHTOM qepes npymBHY. OJJ;BaKO pHon
UpM OpBMeBBeT JJ;JIB npUmaTllB npeCCOBoqBOrO BaJIBKa nBeBMOD;DJlBHJJ;PLl. npec-
COBO'qHLle B8JIUKU JJ;eJIaIOT JJ;DaMeTpOM 200-250 MM. tlT06L1 06eCneqUTL npaBUJILHOe
HanpaBJIeHUe TKaHU B K8JIaHJJ;p H US KaJl8H,npa, npUMeBBIDTCH H8npaBJlHIDID;He
BaJIUKU. .I\JIH UX KpenJIeHUB R8JIaBJJ;pY cHa6maIDTCH cneD;UaJlLHLlMU peHK8MD,
BMeIDID;UMB OTBepCTHB Ha paSJlUqBOH BLlCOTe. PeHKU YKpenJiBIDTCH Ba CTaBHHax
no 06eHM CTopOHaM B8J1KOB. B cJlyqae Beo6xoJJ;UMOCTU BaJJUK YlCpenJiHIOT B peHKax
Ba BY)l\BOH BLlCOTe.
199
.I\JlH RaJlaHAPOB, Ha KOTOpLlX npODSBOJJ;UTCH 06peSDBUBaHUe TKaHD, .0qeBL
BamBO UMeTL npDcnoc06JIeHUH JJ;JIH paCnpaBJIeBDJI CKJla,nOK Ba nOJlOTBe TKaBH II
COOTBeTCTBYIOID;ero HaTHmeHUH ee nepeJJ; oocTynJleBDeM B sa Sop KaJlaHJJ;pa, 00-
3TOItIy npOMaS01JHYe U 06RJIaJJ;0qD:L1e RaJIaBJJ;pY 060PYJJ;YIOTCB mUpHTeJILHLlMH
YCTpoicTBaMII. B KaqeCTBe mUplITeJlLBYX YCTPOHCTB npUMeHHIDT mDplITeJILHye
,nUCKU U BaJIUKH C HapeSKOH, paSJJ;BDmHYe BaJl1lRD, mDpllTeJlLBLle JJ;yrD,' mUpIITeJIL-
HLie ,nyru C ru6KOH OCLIO U KOBYCBLle BaJIHKU.
.I\yru HBJIHIDTCH Hau60JIee nepcneKTHBHLlMB mDpDTeJlHMU. OBD MoryT 6L1TL
IICnOJlLSOBaBLI JJ;JIH aBTOMaTUqeCKOrO mllpeHHJI TKaHD JJ;O saJJ;aBBOH IDIIpUBY.
npll aBTOMaTII'IeCKOM mHpeBHD npll nOMOID;1l JJ;yrD C nOCTOHBHOH KpHBUSBOH npB-
MeHJlIOT nOBopOTHlde JJ;ym. Ha pDC. 6.24 nOKasaBa cxeMa aBTOMaTH"IeCKOrO mllpe-
BBH KopJJ;a npD OOMOID;H nOBopoTBOH AYrD. npD IISMeBeHDD mDpHHLI TKaBD DSMe-
HHeTCH nOJlOmeHDe cep,neqHlIKa KaTymRD HHAyRD;DOHBoro Mocn. B 9TO BpeMJI
BTopaH KaTymKa nepeMeID;aeTCB, BosJJ;eicTBYB Ha DHeBMoperyJlBTOp, KOTOpLlH
qepes MeM6paBHYH KJIanaB D CUCTeMY mapBHpOB nOBOpa1JUBaeT JJ;yry B COOTBeTCT-
ByIOID;ee OOJlOmeHDe, YBeJlH"lUBaH BJlD YMeHLmaB CTeneHL pacmupeHIIH TRaHD.
npUMeHHJI JJ;yry C ru6Koi OCLIO, MomHO MeHHTL KPDBUSHY JJ;yrD sa CqeT DSMe-
BeBIDI HsrH6a OCD. TaKaB AYra oco6eBHO npDrOJJ;Ha B mDBBOM npOUSBOJJ;CTBe, TaR
KaK OOSBOJlHeT perYJIHpOBaTL Be TOJlbRO mupHHY TRaHD, HO TaKme nJlOTHOCTL
OCBOBY nOJlOTBa Kop,na nyreM BSMeBeBBH RpUBUSHY OCD JJ;yrD. npD 3TOM OCL BMeeT
66J1LmyIO RPHBDSBY Be B cepeJJ;UBe, a 00 RpaHM AYrD, qeM ,nOCTDraeTCH yCTpaHe-
Hue paSBUD;bI B nJlOTHOCTH HDTeH no KpaJlM D B CpeJJ;BeH qaCTD nOJlOTHa KopJJ;a. BTa
JJ;yra nOSBOJIHeT nOJIyqaTL nOJIOTBO RopJJ;a nocJle 06peSDBDBaBDH C OJJ;BOPOJJ;HOH
nJlOTHOCTLID no BceH mDpUBe OOJIOTHa.
6.7. npOH3BOAHTEnbHOCTb KAnAHAPOB
npODSBoJJ;uTeJlLHOCTL RaJlaHJJ;poB SaBDCJIT OT JJ;BYX aKTopoB: 1) CKOpOCTD
RaJlaBJJ;poBaHIDI, npHBHMaeMOH paBHoH oKpymHoH CROpOCTH BaJlKa, v = nDn (rJJ;e
D - ,nuaMeTp BaJlKa, M, n - qaCTOTa Bp8lD;eBBH, 06/MDB); 2) TeXHUqeCKD Hells6em-
BLIX nOTepL BpeMeHD.
Ha CROpOCTL pa60TLI KaJIaHJJ;pOB, B CBOID OqepeJJ;L, BJIUJlIOT CJIe,nYIOID;ue YCJIO-
BUH: BUA 06pa6aTYBaeMOro MaTepUaJla (pesuHoBoe nOJIOTBO paSJIH"IHOH TOJlID;HHLI,
TKaHL U T. n.); TDn 06pa60TRD (JlIICTOBaHDe, npOMaSRa, 06KJlaJJ;Ka); Tpe60BaBHH,
npeJJ;'bHBJlJleMLle K oOJIy a6pDKaTaM (xapaKTep nOBepXBOCTD, MHrKOCTL, TOqHOCTL
paSMepOB D T. n.); opraBlIsaD;BH pa60TY Ha KaJlaH,npe (ooJJ;aqa MaTepBaJla B Ka-
JI.aBJJ;P, oT60p D saKaTKa nOJly a6pHKaTOB). $aKTopOM, JIHMJlTDPYIOID;UM CROpOCTL
nOJlyqeBBJI nptPORDX JlUCTOB Ha 60JlLmUX KaJIaHJJ;pax, JlBJlHeTCJI ROJlllqeCTBO nOJJ;o-
rpeBaTeJILBYX BaJlLD;OB. Y CTaHaBJlDBaTL 60Jlee qeTLlpeX no,norpeBaTeJlLHblX BaJlL-
D;OB Ba KaJlaHJJ;p Be peROMeHJJ;yeTCH. B cJIyqae, Kor,na Tpe6yeTcH 60JIee DHTeBCDB-
HYH nOJJ;orpeB, Beo6xoABMO npHMeBBTL ,npyrDe cnoc06L1 nOJJ;orpeBa peSUHY D
nUTaHDH KaJIaH,!J.pa - OT 60JlLmUX qepBJllIHldX npeCCOB, pesDBocMeCUTeJleH, npJl-
Mble nOTOKH OT pesHHocMeCUTeJleii D T. n.
Ha COBpeMeBHLlX 6L1CTPOXOJJ;HLlX KaJlaBJJ;pax MomHO BynycKaTb nOJI'Y a6pll-
KaTLI co CKOpOCTJlMII: npD JIDCTOBaHIIJI - JJ;O 60-70 M/MBH, npOMaSKe - JJ;Q
60 M/MUB U JJ;BYXCTopoHHeH 06KJla,nKe - JJ;O 80-90 M/MHB.
npOUSBo,nuTeJlLHOCTL KaJlaHJJ;pa Q (B M/q) onpeJJ;eJIJlIDT no opMYJIe
Q=6OvK
rAe /) - OKpymBaJI CKOpOCTI> BaJJKa, H/MB; K - KoaiiBll,BeBT BCDOBi>SOBaBBJI HaIlDlllBOrO
Bpelle&B KaJIallApa (06L1'D1o K = 0,8-0,9).
npOUSBOJJ;DTeJILHOCTL KaJlaBJJ;pa, BypameBHYIO B Kr/q, MomHO onpeJJ;eJIUTL
no pMYJIe
Q=6OvKhbyp
200
rAe 11 - OKpymBlUt CKOpOCTi> BUKa, M/MBB; K - KOa4ij)
eBT BCDOJIi>30BaBBJI va 1llRA1l oro
BpeMeBB (06L1'111o K = 0,8 + 0,9); h - TOJIIII,BBa neBTLI BLIDycKaeMoro MaTepBana, AM; b-
ompBBa J1euTLI BHDycKaeMOrO MaTepBana, AM; Y - DJIOTBOCTi> pesHBoBoi CMeCB, Kr/M 8 ; p -
Ko
eBT ODepemeBBJI (p = 1,t).
6.8. BCnoMorATEnbHoE 060PYAOBAHHE
AnR KAnAHAPoB
6.8.1. 060PYAoBaHMe Ami nOAroToBKM TKaHM
K KanaHAPosaHHIO
AnH OOJJ;rOTOBKB TKaBB K 06pa60TKe ee Ha KaJIaHJJ;pax npHMeHBIDTCR cJleAY
lOID;He MamuBLI.
MaWHBLI JJ;U CDIBBaUBH TKaHB B IC)'CKII oonLmoB AJJBIIY. nocTynaIDID;ytO
B pYJIOHaX TKaBL cmHBaIDT B JleHTy 60JILmOH JJ;nDBY JJ;O 4000-6000.M, JJ;JlB 06ecoe-
qeHHB pa60TLI KanaHApa 6es OCTaHOBa B TeqeHHe 1-2 q npu CKOpOCTB 60-70 M/MBR.
TOBKHe TRaHB cmBBalOTCB BBaXJIeCTKY, THmenye - BCTYK. Bo Hs6emaHHe SBa-
- qHTeJILHOrO YTonID;eBUB CTLlKa Ba Bero HaDIBBaIDT nOJIOCKH BS JJ;PyroH, 60Jlee TOH-
KOH TKaBB HJIU TKaBL cmUBaIDT Ha mBeiiBoH MamDBe sBrsaro06pasBLlM mBOM.
CTLlJCOBoqawe ByJIICaBII
ollllltle DpecCLI. B nOCJIeJJ;Bue roJJ;Y B IIIBBHOH npo-
MLlmneBHOCTH U npOMLImJIeHHOCTU PTH JJ;JIB coe,nHHeBBH KOBD;OB TKaHH B BeopepLlB-
HYlO neHTY npHMeBBIDTCH cnen;uanLBLle CTYKOBOqBLle ByJIKaBHsaII,DOBBLle npeCCLI,
coe,nBBBIDID;ue KOHD;Y TKaBB nyTeM BYJIKaBHSa
CTLlKa BHaxnecTRY C npOKJla,n-
KOH HJIH BCTLIK C BaKJIaJJ;KoH Cne1l,DaJILBOH pesBBoBoH Bnu nJiaCTMaCCoBoH JleHTOqKH
mHpHHoH 40-50 MM. ROBCTpyK1I,DH TaKoro opecca
HpMLI «,D;. BpHAm» (ARUUB)
nOKasaHa Ha pHC. 6.25.
CTaBHHa 1 npecca BYDOnHeBa cBapBoH BS npOKaTa. npecc BMeeT ABe BarpeBa-
TeJlLHLle nJIHTLI 5 H 6, MemJJ;y KOTOpYMB aamBMaroTcH cmKyeMLle KO
LI TKaHU
H npOBCXOJJ;BT BYJlKaHHsan;BB CTYKa (B TeqeHHe 20-40 c). 06e onHm BynOJIHeBY
HS aJIIDMHBUeBoro 'nHTLB, H B BBX SaJIOmeBO no qeTLlpe 3neKTpOHarpeBaTeJILBLlX
3J1eMeBTa, BS KOTOpLlX TpU pa60TaIDT, a OJJ;HB HaXOJJ;HTCB B pesepBe. HanpBmeHHe
paBBO 220 B, MOID;HOCTL OJJ;Horo aneMeHTa 224,7 BT, MaKCBManLHaB TeMIIepaTypa
HarpeBa nJlHTLI 260°C. BepxBHB nJlBTa 6 HenOJJ;BBmBO saKpenneBa B CTaBBHe
npecca, HHmHHH nJIHTa 5 MOmeT no,nHBMaTLCB nOJJ; JJ;eHCTBBeM rHAPO
mIBAPoB 2.
TOJIID;HBa nJlHT 90 MM, pasMepLl B nnaue 1753 X 252 MM.
. Ropnyc rHJJ;pOD;HJIHHJJ;POB BLlnOJIBeB BS CTaJIH, XOJJ; oJIyamepa 152 MM, JJ;Ba-
MeTp nnYHmePa 203 MM. Ha KOHn;ax OOABBmBOB nJlBTLI HMeIDTCB sy6qaTLIe penu
10, BaXOJJ;HID;HeCH B san;eOneHD1I C sy6qaTLlMU KonecaMB Ba BLlpaBHHBaroID;eM
BaJIHKe 9. CKOpOCTL ,nBHmeDB nOJJ;BHmBoH nnBTLI npB nOJJ;'beMe 25,6 MM/c, a npH
onYCKaHHU 51,2 MM/c. npecc paCC1IHTaH Ba npOJJ;OJImHTeJlLBOCTL D;Hlma OT 10 C
,no 5 MDB U 06eCneqHBaeT HenpepLlBBylO pa60TY KaJIaBJJ;pa OpH CKOpOCTH AO
80 M/MDB B eMKOCTH KOMneBcaTopa sa npeCCOM 200 M. B CJIyqae pa60TLI KaJlaHJJ;pOB
Ha ManyX CKOpOCTBX npBMeBHIOTCH KOMneHcaTopLl MeBLmeH eMKOCTB.
npecc nYCKaeTCH BamaTBeM OJJ;BOBpeMeBHO qeTLlpeX RHOnOK (1ITo6L1 B n;eJIBX
6esonaCBOCTB 6L1nH saBHTLI PyKH JJ;BYX pa60qHX, 06CJIymBBaIDID;BX npecc). OB npu-
BOJJ;HTCB B JJ;eBcTBHe OT oTJJ;eJILBOH rHJJ;paBJIH"leCKOH YCTaBOBKB, DMeIDID;eH ABe CTY-
neHH JJ;aBJIeBIDI: 0-1 MDa (nepBaB CTyneBL) B 1-10 MDa (BTOpaJl cTyneBL).
MOID;HOCTL aneKTpoJJ;BBraTenH BaCOCHoro arperaTa 15 KBT, qaCTOTa BpaID;eHHH
1500 06/MBB. Hacoc BBSKoro JJ;aBneHHH nOJJ;aeT Mac.n:o B II,DnBBJJ;pLl II B V npecca
JJ;nH OOJJ;'beMa nnHTId'; Bacoc BblCOKoro JJ;aBJIeHHH - B
JIBBAPY I, III, IV, VI
JJ;JIB cos,naBBH YCHnUH npeccoBaBHB. npB aTOM Bacoc HBSKoro JJ;aBJleBHB aBTOMaTH-
qeCKH OTKJllOqaerCH. no OKOHqaBHB opeccoBauBH Bacoc BHSKoro JJ;aBneBHB nOJJ;aeT
MaCJIO B BepXHue nOJIOCTU II,DJIHBJJ;pa II B V, U nnBTa HaqDBaeT onycKaTLcB. Hacoc
B L1COKOrO JJ;aBneBBB OTKJlIDqaerCH aBTOMaTHqeCKH.
201
2057
71lQ4
a
PBC. 6.25. npecc AJIJI
CI - CXeMa ycTpOlCTBa; (I - o(l Bq; 1 - CTaBIJIIa; , -l'BJUIoqunuqp; 8- DOA'lteMHIUI TpaBepca;
sarpeDaTe.JlltHY8 enelleBTY; 9 - BypaaBIIBalO BaJllJJC c mecrepllRllu; 10 - pelKa; 11 - PomrK,
1IJ1O; 14 - ODopRaR MaRKai
,D;J1J1 06eCOeqeHHH HenpepLlBHOH pa60TY KaJlaBApa nepeJJ; CTLll(OBOqHYM npec-
COM YCTaHaBJlUBaeTCH paCKaTOqHaH CTOHKa Ba JJ;Ba pyJloBa TRaBU C TOpMOSHLlMH
YCTPOHCTBaMU. OJJ;HH PYJIOB BaXOJJ;HTCJI B pa60Te, pyroH - B sanace. 3a opec-
COM yCTaBaBJlHBaIDTCH npOTJlrBBaIDID;Be BaJILD;L1 H neTJleBOH KOMOeBCaTOp. npOTH-
rHBaIDID;Ue BaJILD;bI SamHMaIDT TKaBL B npo ecce pa60TbI npecca, U B 3TO BpeMJI
KaJIaBJJ;p pa60TaeT C BOpMaJiLHOH CKOpOCTLIO sa CqeT sanaca TKaHU B ROMneHcaTope.
no OKOHqaHBH CTblKOBRU TKaHU npOTJlrUBaIDID;ue BaJiKU BKJlIDqaIDTCH B pa60TY
II C nOBbImeHHOB CKOpOCTLID SanOJIHJlIDT KOMneBcaTOp JJ;O HOpMaJiLHOrO sanaca.
npOTHrHBaIOID;He BaJILD;Y BMeIDT f8KCHMaJiLHYID CKOpOCTL nOJJ;aqu TKaHH JJ;O
140 M!MUH.
MawHHLI JJ;JIJI CYWRB TKaUB. TKaBL nepeJJ; I\aJlaHJJ;pOBaHHeM npocymBBaeTcH
;AO BJIa>KHOCTU Be 60Jlee 2,5% B HarpeBaeTCJI ,no TeMnepaTypLl 70-80 °C. ,D;JJH
CymRH TKaHH npBMeBHIDT 6apa6aHBLle cymUJIKH. CymBJlKB, KaK npaBBJlO, YCTa-
BaBJIBBaIDT B arperaTe C KaJlaBJJ;paMH, TaK KaK eJIec006pasHo, qTo6L1 npocymeHHaJl
TRaHL cpasy >I_e nocTynaJla B KaJlaHJJ;p, npemJJ;e qeM OBa YBJIamBUTCH JJ;O paBHOBec-
HOH BJIamBOCTU. npu YCTaHOBKe cymuJloK OTJJ;eJlLBO OT KaJlaHJJ;pa peKO-
MeHJJ;yeTcH XpaBHTL opocymeHHYID TKaBL nepeJJ; KaJIaBJJ;pOBaBBeM B CyXOM Tep-
MOCTaTe UJIB B Cne BaJILBLlX qeXJIax.
202
11
7092
Hanpa8.neHue
d8liJfClHUR /ffameplia./lD.
--'-
73
CTLlJ<OBKB K0811,0B THUB:
4, 'I - B30JJJll\llOBBYP. DPOKB8JlKB; S. /I - BIDfIB1IR R BepXB1IR HarpeaaTenltBllle IIJIIITY; 8 - WleK'l'pG-
DOAAeplKBBalOlquit TRaB&; 1B - HalKBMHoit pOJlllJl; 18 - pOnBK AJiR DPOTlI1'IIBaHIIJI MaTeplUUla BPY'!-
I-IV - eM. TeKCT.
B SaBBCBMOCTH OT CKOpOCTU BLlXOJJ;a JIBCTa BS RaJIaHJJ;pa npHMeHHIDT cymBJlKu
C 5
8 B 24 cymBJlLHLlMU 6apa6aBaMB. B CCCP BLlnYCRaIDTCJI CymUJlKU nJlTB6apa-
6aHBLle ropUSOBTaJlLHLle HPO-2330 C 6apa6aHoM AHaMeTpOM 1889 MM (mBpBBa
06pa6aTLlBaeMoH TKaBU 1520 MM). CKOpOCTL opoxomJJ;eBBH TKaBU 6-12 M!MPfB..
BepTUKaJIbHaJl BocLMu6apa6aHBaJl cymBJIKa 131-1 nORasaHa Ha pBC. 6.26.
,D;uaMeTp 6apa6aBa 570 MM, JJ;JlBBa 1800 MM, JJ;onYCTHMOe JJ;aBJleBBe napa B 6apa-
6aHax 0,25 Mlla. MamBHa cBa6meHa BHJJ;BBBJJ;yaJlLBLlM npBBOJJ;OM OT 3JIeKTpOJJ;BB-
raTeJlH nOCTOHBHoro TOBa D-52 MOJD;HOCTbIO 7,2 KBT, o6ecoe1UlBaIOID;ero perYJIH-
pyeMYID CKOpOCTL 6apa6aBoB B npeJJ;eJlax 13--55 M/MDB.
CymHJIKa cHa6meBa TaKme mUpHTeJILBLlMH pOJIHKaMH U SaKaTOqllLDl opBcno-
C06JIeHueM. npH yCTaHoBKe CymBJlKH B arperaTe C KaJlaBJJ;pOM cymKa npOBCXOABT
co CKOpOCTLID 30 M/MBB. npH 3TOM BpaID;eBBe 6apa6aDoB OC
eCTBJlHeTCJI sa CqeT
THByID;UX YCUJlBH KaJlaBJJ;pa. ,D;BaJJ;D;aTBqeTLlpex6apa6aBBaJl BepTBKaJlLDaJl cy-
mBJlKa BMeeT BBADBBAYaJlLHLlH npBBO,n U MomeT pa60TaTL OTJJ;eJlLBO OT Ka-
JlaHJJ;pa.
nOJILSYHCL YKaSaHBYMU 6apa6aHBLIMB cymBJIKaMB, MomBO KOMnJIeKTOBaTL
YCTaHOBKH B paSJlBqHbIX BapuaBTax C De06xoJJ;BMLIM ROJIH"leCTBOM 6apa6aBoB.
YCTaHaBJlBBaH Beo6xoJJ;HMoe KOJIH"leCTBO ceR
UJIB CBBMaJl UX.
203
I.09t
.....
"
'"
,
:<;
J
...
.
i
,
I
!
I
...
I
o
i
!
I
-
'"
.. iI:"
as Ii
11
=!
J;
&1
CIS...
1 i:
">
"
c t:
III I
=..
..
r-5>
o
-
i i 1
CD I..
..g
c ;;;
"*
i
.
.,
! lfi
6.8.2. AnnapaTbi Am
OXna>KAeHMR TKaHM M peSMHbI
,D;JlH Toro qT06L1 yMeBLmBTL onaCBOCTL npem,neBpeMeHHoH ByJIKaBBSaD;JDI pe-
SBHLI B npopesHHeHHoH TKaBH B OpBJIBOaBBe ee K npOKJI8AKe, npHMeBHeTCII OXJIa-
m,neBBe (TKaHL nponYCKaeTCH qepes XOJIo,nBJILBYe 6apa6aBLI, OXJIaABTeJILBYe
BaBBLI HJIB o6pLlSrHBaeTCH BO,nOH).
B OTeqeCTBeBBOH npOMLlmJleBBOCTB BLlnycKaIOTcH CJIeAyIOID,He CTaH,napTBYe
OXJIa,nUTeJILHLle yCTaBOBKB: rOpBSOHTaJILBaH, COCTomu;aH BS qeTYpex XOJIOp,mIL-
BLIX 6apa6aBoB (IIPO-1560), B BepTBKaJILBLle, BKJIIDqaIDID;Be meCTL uu BoceML
XOJIOADJILBLIX 6apa6aBoB (IIPO-o932 BJIB IIPO-1580). 3m yCTaBoBKB MOryT OLITL
arperupoBaBY C KaJIaBAPaMH.
ArperaT IIPO-1560 COCTOBT BS qeTLIpex 6apa6aBoB ,nJIBHOH 1800 MM B AHa-
MeTpOM 570 MM. nOBepXBOCTL OXJIamAeBBH OAHoro 6apa6aBa 3,42 M 2 ; OKpymBIUI
CKOpOCTL 6apa6aBoB ,nocmr8eT 20 MJMBB. ,D;JIBHa nyTB TKaBH no 6apa6aBaM 10,8 M.
npBBO,n 6apa6aBOB OC
eCTBJIHeTCH OT KaJIaBApa qepes BapBaTOp. TeMDepaTypa
BOW>I Be BLlme 15°C, ,naBJIeHBe 0,3-0,4 Mna, pacxo,n BOW>I 6 M 3 Jq.
BepTUKaJILBLlH arperaT BS BOCLMB 6apa6aBoB (pBC. 6.27) HMeeT CJIeAYIDID;yID
xapaKTepBCTBKY:
PaSMepLi 6apa6aBa, yy
ABaMeTp .................
JIBBa ................;.
nOBepXBOCTi> OXJIamAeBBJI O
Boro 6apa6aBa, yl
CKOpOCTi> DpOXOmAeSSJl THaBB
epea arperaT, M/II.HB
AJIBBa DyTB. TKaau, Y
BOAa
J1J1 OXJIamAeBBJI yamBBLI
TeyuepaTYPa, 0 C . . . . . .
AaBJIeBBe, Mna . . . . . . .
paCXOA, y8/q . . . . . . . .
MOIII,BOCTb 8JIeKTpOABllraTeJIJI, RBT
730
1810
4.1
7-52
12,5
12-15
. 0,3-0,4
9
13,5
BapaoaH cBa6meB py6aIIIROH, B KOTOPYID no,naeTCH Bo,na BS ROJIJIe
TOpa, pac-
OOJlOmeHHOro BJJ;OJIL CTaBRHLI. npBBO,n 6apa6aBoB OT 9JIeRTp01(BBraTeJIH nOCTOHB-
Horo TOKa. BapaoaHLI JJ;eJIaIDTCH BS MeAD BJIB BepmaBeIOID;eH CTaJIH.
npOMLlmJleHHOCTL BLloycKaeT XOJIOADJILBYe 6apa6aBY B ,npyrBx paSMepOB,
BO B KaqeCTBe COCTaBBOH qaCTB KOMOJIeKTBLlX SaKaTOqBYX arperaTOB. lis CTaBAapT-
HLIX XOJIOJJ;HJlLHLlX arperaTOB MomBO KOMnOHOBaTL YCTaBOBKB C 66JILDIBM KOJIH"le-
CTBOM 6apa6aBOB; MomBO TaKme CHIIMaTL C XOJIO,nBJILBOrO arperaTa qaCTL 6apa-
oaHOB.
6.8.3. 3aKaT04Hble npMcnoc06neHMR
RaJIaBJJ;poBaBBLle MaTepBaJILI nOCJIe OXJIamJJ;eBBH npony,npBBaIOTCH (eCJIB 3TO
,nOOYCTIlMO) BJIB saKaTLlBaIDTCH B OpOKJIaJJ;oqayID TKaBL. 3aKaTLlB3BHe RaJIaB,npo-
BaHHLlX MaTepBaJIOB npOBSBOABTCH Ba Cne
aJILBLlX YCTaBOBKax. rJIaBBOH npo-
6JIeMOH OpB aTOM HBJIHeTCH cos,naBBe paBBOMepBoro BaTHmeBHH MaTepBaJIa, TaR
KaK OpB YBeJIH"Iemm JJ;BaMeTpa pyJIOBa CKOpOCTL ero BOSpaCTaeT B BaTHmeBHe BS-
MeHHeTCH. npHMeBHIDTCH CJIeAyIOID;Be SaKaTOqBYe npBCnOCOOJIeBIUI.
OT60pOqBO-,nYOJIHPOBOqBLlH SaKaTOqBLlH TpaBC-
no p T e p (pBC. 6.28). BXO,nBT B KOMnJIeKT oT60pOqBOrO arperaTa R yBBBepCaJIL-
BOMY KaJIaB,npy. TpaBcnopTep npe,nBaSBaqeB ,nJIH saKaTLlBaHIDI B npORJI3A01lByIO
TKaBL KaJIaB,npOBaBHOH BJIB CAY6JIBpOBaBBoH peSBHLI, BapesaB1UaX YSKBX nOJIOC
peSBBLI B ,nJlH npOBSBo,nC1Ba 6eCKOBeqBOH JIeBTLI BS ,ny6JIBpOBaHHOH peSRHLI npB
BSrOTOBJIeBBB TeXHlI1IeCKOH nJIaCTBHLI. TpaBCnOpTep COCTORT BS 1(Byx napaJIJIeJIL-
BLIX JIeRTOqBLlX TpaBcnopTepOB. BepxBeMY TpaBcnOpTepy ,nBB)I(eBBe nepe,naerCH
205
0,
"<S,<.i
...
<:::>=»
.DI.JC
St6e
!t
g,
, '"
..I
-.,.
1
...
5..
11111
=
.!g
!=
.!I
1:=
..
..Qi
!:I.m
Ii
ji-
It'
...1
!i:i
fl
=
:G
I
...
"111
.,
;....
Po...
..1
III
.!.g
"'I
.. I ..
s:::a. .......
Eo ...:
Ii E
Q ....
.-
'I 8°
III III
II' !Ii.
:; it
; 18
'I ..=
Ii
i ..&
&.
J31
ir8
!II
II ,-I
&."'==-
ill!
!:I...Ie..
cO
!:I=
!isi
r r r
ca. cs.....o:r;
OT npRBO,na KaJIaBApa; OB CJIy»tHT ,nJIH SaKaTLlBaBRH peSBHhI. HllmBIIH TpaBcnop-
!fep ABllmeTCH B 06paTByIO eTOPOBY ,nJIH BOSBpaTa peSlIBhI B ny6JIep npll ee ,ny6JIII-
POBaHIDI. B KOBn;e BepXBero TpaBcnopTepa yCTaBOBJIeB peSaTeJILBhlH MexaBIIS..
,AJlII nOnepeqBO:B peSKII TeXBII1IeCKIIX nJIaCTIIB. CKOpOCTL saKaThlBaBIIH MaTepllaJIa
.
....
3100
:}
"
'Pac. 6.29. ¥CTpOACTBO AJlJI 8aKaTRB KOPAa c saKaTO'UloA MaoiBBoA c ABYMJI 606UaHB:
1 - P8CJ<8'J'011J11U1 CTOIR8 C DBeBII8'1'11'1ecKBJI 'YCTPOICTBOM 111m DOA'l>eM8 P'YJlOB8 DpoKJI811:l<B; , - lIRTIIDeTJleaol
KOlIDeBC8'1'Op; 8 - TJUlynnle POJlllKtl; 4- 3aJ<8'1'O'JB1UI M8IDBB8 B8 nBe OoOuaw; 6 - 3J1eKTPO.1lBur8Tem. npBB01(8:
6 - Dpope3aeBIIUI Kopn; 'I - 3J1eICTpOnBBr8TeJlb DpBBona D»OTllrUaalO
ero 'YO'I'polCTB8.
paBRa CKOpOCTII TpaDcnOpTepa, OHa JJ;OJImHa 6h1TL BeCKOJILKO MeBLme eKOpOCTII
KaJlaHJJ;pa (c yqeToM yca,nKII).
3 a KaT 0 q B LI e B 8 JI H R H. BXO,nHT B OT60pOqBLlH arperaT YBIIBepCaJIL-
Boro KaJIaH,npa npH BLlnycKe TeXBllqeCKIIX nJIaCTHH. PYJIOB eB060,nBO JIemllT Ba
BaJlIIKaX, npIlBoJJ;HMLlX BO BpalD;eBlle OT 3JIeKTpoJJ;BllraTeJIH qepes peAYKTop, II Bpa-
ID;aeTcH co eKOpOCTLIO SaKaTOqBOrO BaJIIIKa.
3 a KaT 0 q D hi e C T 0 D K II. B BIIX B8THmeBlle MaTepllaJIa IISMeBHeTCH
nYTeM IISMeBeBIIH CKOpOCTH saKaTLlBaBIUI. CKOpOCTL saKaTLlBaBIUI IISMeBHIDT npll
nOMOID;1I
PIlRD;IIOBHYX yeTPOBCTB IIJIB nyTeM peryJIllpOB8BHH qaCTOThI Bpa
eBIIH
3J1eKTpo,nBllraTeJIeB npllBo,na saKaThlBaIDID;IIX YCTPOBCTB (pile. 6.29).
_218
n 0 A B H 11( B hi e K ape T K H. npopeSHBeBBaH TKaBL MomeT 6h1TL TaRm&
saKaTaBa nOCJIe KaJIaB,npa Ba nOJJ;BHmuyID KapeTKy RTP-2 (pHC. 6.30), Ba KOTOPOB
TKaBL no MOBOpeJILCOBOH JJ;opore JJ;OCTaBJIHeTCH Ba paCK poD: K peSaTeJILBLlM MamH-
Bal.I. RapeTKa HMeeT JJ;Be 606BHLI. HBiKBHH cJlymHT JJ;JIH saKaTLlBaDHH npopeSH-
--
SO!
::: ;;:;
1880
I
... ...
...
1
t
]
I- 2920
y
...
375
PBC. 6.30. KapeTKa KTP-2 AJIJI saKamD D TpaBCDOpTBpOBKB npOPe3DBeBBOB: TKaBD:
1 - pallia; 2 - 1I06BBa ,ttJIII THalIa; 3 - 6060Ba AM DpoKJIa,ttJ<1l; 4 - 1I0BOPeJlbC; 5 - DepeABBlKBaR Hap8TKa
.
6 - DO,ttBeCHa.
HeBBOH TKaBH BMeCTe C npOKJIa,D,Koi (MaltCHMaJiLULlii JJ;HaMeTp pyJIOHa TKaBH C npo-
ItJIaJJ;KOH 1200 MM), a BepXHHH - JJ;JlH BaMOTKH npOKJIaJJ;KH npH paCKaTh1BaBHH
npopesUHeHBoH TKaHH C KapeTKH. MaKCHMaJIbHLlD: ,nHaMeTp pyJIOHa npOKJlaJJ;KH
900 MM. ,D;HaMeTp 606BHY 215 MltI, ,nJlHHa 1680 MM. npHBOJJ; 606UH npH Ha-
MOTKe ocym,eCTBJIHeTCH OT 3.lleKTpOJJ;BllraTeJlH KaJIaBJJ;pa. PaCKaTKa TKaBH C Ka-
peTKH H HaMOTKa nycToii npOKJlaJJ;KH Ba BepxBIOID 606UHY npOHsBOJJ;HTCH Ha
CneD;HaJlLHbIX paCKaTOqHLlX CTaHKax PT-2 H 3T-2 sa npeJJ;eJIaMH SOHhI Ka-
JIaBJJ;pa.
6.8.4. YCTpoticTBa Ami onYAPMBaHMfI pesMHbI
OnYJJ;pHBaBHe pesHB npoHsBoJJ;BTCH CYXHM HJIH ltIOKpLlM cnoc060M. OnYJJ;puBa-
IOm,ue BeID;eCTBa JJ;JIH cyxoro onYJJ;pBsaHHH JJ;OJImHLI 6L1Tb xopomo npocymeHLI.
npHMeHHIOTcH YCTpoHcTBa JJ;JlH onYJJ;pHBaHHH paSJIHqHLTX KOHCTPYKD;uii. Bce OBB.
14. 211.
ia
Ie .
s:>,1e
Ie
"'1:1
19o
....
.. J
= fi
i &1
7
o ...
tI: ..,
=: f::
s:>,
:I: leg
! Ie
III e-
,is.
:>. .. I
..
. ..
... Q...
!
Q ",er
:"
...'"
,nOJImBLI BHeTL 6yaKep JJ;JIH nopomKOB B YCTPOHCTBO, ,neHCTBYIDID;ee 00 npBB
Y
npoceOBaHHH BJIB paCnLIJIeBHH. HBor,na yCTaBaBJIBBalOTCH lD;eTKB AJIH CBHTBJI US-
6L1TKa oopOIIIRa.
Ha pBC. 6.31 nOKasaBa yCTaBoBKa ,nJIH ooy,npBBaHHH JIBCTOBOH pes:mm:. OBa
COCTOBT BS 6yaKepa, BBYTPB KOToporo BpaID;aIDTCH BOpOmHTeJIB, 6apa6aHa C npo-
peSHMD: B BpalD;aIDlD;eHCH ID;eTKB. Pa60QaH eMKOCTL 6yaKepa 0,3 M 8 , oKpymBaH
CKOpOCTL 6apa6aBa 9,68 M/HBB, oKpymBaH CKOpOCTL ID;eTKB 28,23 M/MJlIB.. HaBece-
BBe BSOJIBpyIOID;ero CJIOH B Bup;e cycneBSmI npOBSBo,nBTCH nponycKaBHeM JIBCTO-
Boi pesHBLI qepes BaHHY C cycneBsBeH. no BLlXOJJ;e BS BaHHLI pesoa 06,nYBaeTcH
BOSAYXOM.
Ha pBC. 6.32 OOKasaBa yCTaHoBKa JJ;JIH BaBeceBBH Ba TKaBL BOAHOH cycoeB-
311B KAOJIBBa. ,D;JIH OOYJJ;pBBaBIDI npBMeBHeTCH cycoeBsIDI KOBn;eBTp
eH 5-
10%. Pa60qHii 06'LeH BaBHLI 0,36 M 8 . BpeMH Ope6L1BaHBH pesoLl B BaHHe COCTa-
BJiHeT 2 c. 06,nYBaBHe npOHSBo,nHTCH cmaTLlM BOSJJ;YXOH no,n JJ;aBJIeBHeM 0,25 Mna
IIPB 80 °C. Pacxo,n Bos,nyxa 10 M 8 /q. BaBBa cBa6meBa MemaJIKOH, BpalD;alOlD;eHcH
.:::.-
1 5
1330
PRC. 6.32. Y'CTaBOBKa
JIJI BaJleceBBJI 8MYJIi>CRB Ba THalli>:
J - BaHlla; Z - ClapaGaaw; 8 - BaTII1RBOI POJDIR; 4 - MemanRa; 6 - 8neKTPOJPBl'aTenlt MemaDICB; , - man.
C qaCTOTOH 50 06/MBB. C TOqKB speBIDI rBrBeBLI MOKpoe npony,npBBaBBe BMee
npeHMym;eCTBO oepe,n CYXHM.
B nOCJIeJJ;Bee BpeMH sa rpaHBn;eH BaqaJIB npHMeBHTL ony,npBBaBBe B 9JIeKTpB-
qeCKOM nOJIe (ony,npBBalOID;Hii MaTepBaJI H ooy,npBBaeMoe nOJIOTBO BecyT SapH
L1
npOTBBOOOJIOmBOrO SBaKa).
rJlABA7
KnEEnpOMA30LJHbiE MAWHHbl
npB KaJIaBJJ;pOBaHBB Ha TKaBB 06paSYIDTCH OTBOCBTeJILBO TOJICTLIe peSBBO-
BLle OJIeBKB (120-130 rIM'). TOBKHe COJIOmBLle pe3UBOBLle OJIeBKB npB npOMaSLI-
BaBBB TKaBB Ba KaJIaHJJ;pe nOJIyqBTL Be y,naeTCH. ,D;JIH BaBeceBBH TOBKBX CJIoeo.
peSHHOBOD CMeCB Ba TKaBL npBMeBHIDTCH KJIeeOpOMaSOqBLle MamBBLI (mnpeAHBr-
MamHHLI). PeSBBOBaH CMeCL HaBOCBTCH B B:u,u;e paCTBopa B 6eBSBRe (KJIeH). Ha
mopenuBr-MamBBe MOiRHO BaRJl8ALlBaTL OqeBL TOBKue CJIOB pesHHLI - ,no 10 rIM'.
TRaBL OOKpYBaIDT peSBBOBYM KJIeeM C OJJ;BOH BJIB C JJ;BYX CTOpOB; saTeM ee
OpOOYCKaIDT qepes MamHHY BeCKOJILKO pas B saBUCBMOCTB OT Tpe6yeMoH TOJIID;IIHLI
BJIeBKB'. qBCJIO npOXOJJ;OB TKaBB qepes MamBRY, a CJIe,nOBaTeJILBO, B qBCJIO BaKJIa-
)\L1BaeMLlX CJIOeB (mTpBXOB) peSBHLI oopeJJ;eJIHeTCH HaSHaqeHBeM npopesJlHeHHoii
TKaBH B KOJIef'iJIeTCH B opeJJ;eJIax OT 1 ,no 20 B 60Jlee.
" +-
.&= +
/- 4
a q
;jJf '
8 ':'
,+
7 ,-
- -
5 -
8
--
a
Pac. 7.1. np pa60TL1 npoMaao'IBHx MaIIDIB JI npopeaBBaBaBBJI TKaBeii:
0,6, II, II - pasJIU'IHIoIe TIIDH MaDJB1l; 1 - OOpeaRBeam.dI Ban; z - nC3BBe; 8 - paRmi; 4 - BlllKmrit Ba-.<:
6 - BepxBId BaJDIK; 8 - BaBBa; 7 - aaORpalOlI\1d BanRKi 8 - Depe.xralODIIIA BaJDIK; 9 - uorpJ>l<HIoIe Ba.
upaBmllOlI\ue BaJIIJKIJ; 10 - HapJ>l<BJd BaDpumnolI\Ba BamlR; 11 - OTIKBMHIoIe BamJRII.
,D;JIH OpOHaSYBaBHH TKaBeH pe3BHOBLlM KJIeeM opBHeHHIDTCH MamHm.I pas-
JIBqBYX KOBCTPYKIQID:. Cpe,nB 3THX MamBB MOmHO BLI,neJIBTL qeType TIloa. Ha Ma-
nmBax oepBOrO THOa TKaBL npOnyCKaeTCH B sasop MemJJ;y 06peSBBeBBYM BaJIOM 1
(pBC. 7.1, a) B JIeSBBeM 2 paKJlB 3 (KOBD;OM 1I0ma). CxeMhI MamHH JJ;pyrnx TBnOB
nOKasaBhI Ba pBC. 7.1,6, 8 H e. Hau60JILmee pacnpOCTpaHeBBe nOJIyqBJIa MamHHa
oepBoro TBna.
MamBBa, pa60TalOID;aH no cxeMe, OOKasaHHOH Ha pBC. 7.1,6, BpBMeBHeTCH
p:JIH npOOBTKH TKaBeH JIaTeKCOM Ba MBorBX sapy6emBLlx saBOJJ;ax; Ba OTeqeCTBeB-
BLIX saBOJJ;ax TaKBe MamBBLI Be opHHeBHIDTCH. MamHHa, cxeMa KOTOpOH npBB8-
,neBa Ba pBC. 7.1, 8, BCOOJILSyeTCH ,nJIH HaJIOmeBBH Ba TKaBL OqeHL TOBKBX CJIOeB
peSBBOBoro RJIeH. MamBBa qeTBepTOro TBna (pBC. 7.1, e) opBHeBHeTcH ,nJIH opo-
nBTKB Kop,na B TKaHeii JIaTeKCOM. MLI OrpaHBqBMCH OImCaBBeM TOJILKO MamHH
oepBoro TBna.
B saBBCHMOCTB OT cooc06a cymlm CJIOH KJIeH, BaJIOiRellBoro Ba TKaBL, pa3-
JlBqaIDT ropBSOBTaJILBhle MamBBLl (cymRa OPOBSBOJJ;JlTCH Ha ropBSOHTaJILBOH ropH-
qeH nJIBTe BJIB BH paKpaCHYMB HarpeBaTeJILBLlMB 3JIeMeBTaMB) H 6apa6aHBLI
214
MamBHY (cymKa npOIlCXOAHT Ba ropgqeM 6apa6aBe). rOpllSOHTaJILBble npOMa30q-
Bble MamJIBY, B CBOID OqepeAL, nOApaSAeJiHIDTCH Ha CTaB,napTBLle, Cne aJILBLle
(c JJ;BYMJI rOJIOBKaMII, YAJIIIBeBBLlMB nJIIITaMII 11 T. n.) 11 npeD;IISIIOHBLle. ,___, ,
7.1. CTAHAAPTHblE rOPH30HTAnbHbiE
.KnEEnpOMA304HblE MAWHHbI
lIp unUaJILHaH cxeMa ropUSODTaJILHOH RJleenpOMaSOqHOi MamJIHbI npll-
'BeAeHa Ha pllC. 7.2. HanpaBJleIme ,nBumeHHH TRaHII Ha cxeMe nORasaBO CTpeJIRaMII.
TRall1> npOXOAuT qepes sasop Mem,ny 06pesBHeBBLlM BaJIOM 5 11 JIeSBlleM 6 paKJIII,
KOTopoe CBIDfaeT Hs6L1TOR RJIeH. BeBsHH IICnapJleTCH npll ABllmeBHH TKaBH BaJJ;
'napOBLlMII nJIIITaMII 7 H no,n BIIMH. napy 6eBsBHa c06upaIDTcH nOA xancYJIoi 9,
oTRy,na ODII OTcaCLlBaIDTCH U BanpaBJIHIDTCH Ba pexynepaD;IIID. 3TOi cxeMe COOT-
seTcTByeT BYDYCKaeMaH B CCCP ropll30HTaJILBaH RJIeenpOMaSOqHaJI Mannma
CTa apTBoro Tuna HBO-3220 (pIIC. 7.3). OCBOBBYMII YSJIaMH MamBHLI HBJIHIDTCH
CTaBBBa 2, paCKaTO'CfilOe.6 H SaKaTOqBOe 5' YCTpoHcTBa, nepeAHHii (paooqHii) BaJI 5,
HaMaSO"IBYH Bom 7, MexaBHSM BacTpoHKH 9 Homa, saABHii BanpaBJIHIDID;uH BaJI 14,
HumBHe 1 11 BepxBHe 4 nOAAepmllBaIDID;lIe pOJIBKH, mllplITeJILBye ,nyrH 10 II 13
(COOTBeTCTBeHBo x SaXaTYBaIDID;eMY YCTPOHCTBY 11 sa,nHeMY HanpaBJIHIDID;eMy BaJIY),
npUBOA MamHHY 3.
MamHHa pa60TaeT CJle,nYIDID;HM o6pasoM. PYJIOH C npopeslIBHBaeMoi TRaHLID
YCTaH8BJIUBaIDT Ha paCKaTOqBOe YCTPOHCTBO 6. K KOHD;aM TRaBII npHmllBaIDT HJIU
"lIpHKJIeHBaIDT KOHD;LI HS npOKJIa,nOqHOi TRaHII. ,D;JIUHa ROBl\OB ,nOJImHa 06eCneqUTL
,
PRC. 7.2. IIpBIIII,IUIBaJJi>BaJi cxeMa ropRaOBTaJIl>Jloii KJIeenpoMaao'llloii MamBBL1:
- C1'1IHB"a; II - pynOB DPORnaJU(B; II - pyno" DpOMasa""olt TRaBH; 4 - paCRaTYBaellOdt pyno" TRaBB;
-Ii - 06pe8BHeliBIlll Ban; 6 - nesBBe pal<Jllt; 'I - DapOBNe DJDIThJ; 8 - sa.nHKI DPBBOIIBOI Ban; 9 - RaDcyna
10 - T. a'ib.
.aanpaBKY BCeH MamHBY - OT paCKaTRH O SaKaTKH. KorJJ;a Mamlfila aanpaBJIeBa,
HaA npOpeSIIHHBaeMOi TRaBLID YCTaHaBJIUnaIDT BaMaSOqHLlH nom 7. 3aaop MemAY
'TRaUbIO 11 DomOM peryJIIIPYIDT BHBTOBLIM MexaHHSMOM BacTpoHKII 9. 3aTeM Ba
TKaUL HaKJIa,nLlBaIDT RJleH 11 MamHHY nYCKaIDT B Xo,n. ,D;JIJI Toro qTo6L1 BJIeH Be
CTeKaJI C TKaHH, npUMeBJlIDTCH OrpaHHqHTeJILHLle CTpeJiKH 8, YCTaHaBJIHBaeMLle
no HpaHM TKaBH. npoxo,nJl Ha,n napOBLlMII nJIHT8MU 11, TKaHb BarpeBaeTcH, 11 6eB-
.aHH IIcnapHeTcH, a Ha TRaHH OCTaeTCH TOBKaH peslIHoBaH nJIeHKa. BLlcymeBHaH
TKaUL no BepXBIIl\f 4 11 BllmHnM 1 nOAAepiRHBaIDm,HM pOJIIIKaM BanpaBJIHeTCH K 8a-
KaTOqBoMY YCTpoicTBY 5', pacnOJlOmeHlloMY B nepe,nHeii qaCTH MamnBLI. ECJlII
TKaBL npopeSIIBIIBaeTCH C o,nBoii CTOpOBLI, ee SaKaTIJBaIDT B PYJIOB 6es npORJlaJJ;KU.
MaKCHMaJILBLlH AnaMeTp PYJlOHa 500 MM.
Y CTpOBCTBO OCHOBHLlX Y3JlOB MaWHHLI HBO-3220. llepeADIDi (pa60quii) BaJI 7
(pHe. 7.4) 06JIOmeH CJIOeM MHmoi peSHHbI TOJlID;HHOi 30-50 MM. ,D;lIaMeTp BaJIa
:250-350 MM" ,nJlBBa 1,5-2,5 MM. Ero mJlu4>yIOT 11 nOKpLlBaIDT cnupTOBLlM paCTBO-
pOM meJIJIaKa.
:5 g,f! I
i
gI
" IIICII8.
o I Co" j
OS I
= Ef",g 01:1..
::. gl:lt fII,...
o :\ I
Q ..
go ;...
:::
I ..i..»
I!!=
II;: .. "'1:1: I:t * CII ... ;<;
1iII
!
=81
OC>I:I Co !l:t- i2 .,CII
CI$ <> 1:111" I l l!!
!oifSI
o'"
..:
5 i Co" U ii IS! rl::
III I!! i.. I
:G
CII
; i
=i
ElE;
=-; &",;..",f I is!
!5=8l
I i
CQ <>,., 1.....= ";" eo
. as
:::
*CP'............
.
l'- :I i! I ..1:1 =i ..;;111
! ;
!iijUi
""
/
/
---m:- ""T -I
c=11tlt '
. " I I
\ :
, I
\,
t-..
" '
'
:c.!<j
t
":)
.
, OO?I
.;J
")
.0)
f=flt::r==r=-rl
.....+
'
'.-HI--.. . L..
-r .-
7r U
-flfi.t I
'''l..
£::
:/'T"r'
=ift --f-. .': .
.
. .
.. ,+-
'
_.-1-_.
«:>
HaMasOqBLlH Bom (paKJIft) 6 06eCneqUBaeT nOJIyqeBUe pOBBoro HenpepLlBBOr()
peSBHOBoro CJIOft Ba nOBepXBOCTB TKaBB, TOJIIQUBa KOToporo onpeAeJIHeTCH saso-
pOM MemAY TKaBLID U BomOM. Hom npeACTaBJIHeT c060i nJIaCTBBY C
acKoii mBpu-
Hoi 3-4 MM B pa60qei qaCTH, npBJIeraIDID;ei K TKaHB. OCB Kopnyca paKJlB 5 sa-
KpenJIeHLI TaK, qT06bI Rom MomHO 611JJIO OTBOABTL npB sanpaBKe TKaBB H qBCTKe
MamBBLI. 3asop Mem,ny TKaBLID B BomOM perYJIBpYIDT BBHTOM 4, nepeMeID;aIDID;BM
nO}J;mHnHUK 3 B BepTJlKaJI:bHOM HanpaBJIeBBB. no 60KaM Boma yKpenJIeHLI nepe-
I ABBmHLle CTpeJIKB 2, npenHTcTBYIDID;ue pa-
CTeKaBBID KJIeH no BceD nOBepXBOCTH
pa60qeTO BaJIa 7. fiycTOTeJILle nJIBTLI 060-
rpeBaIDTcH napOM ,naBJIeHUeM 0,3 Mna.
nJIBTLI saKpLlTbI KOJInaKOM C OKBaMJIl, qepe3
ROTopLle OTcaCLlBaIDTCH napLl 6eHSBlla. BeB-
TlfQHb TUJlH
BOBBaH CBCTeMa 06eCneqHBaeT KpOM8'
OTcoca napOB 6eBSBBa BX paS6aBJleBU8'
BOSAYXOM ,no 6esonacHoi ROH
eBTpa
B.
PaCKaTOqBOe YCTPOBCTBO ,nJIH COSAaHBH
BaTHmeBBH TKaHB cBa6'KeHo TOpMOSBLlM
npBcnoc06JIeHBeM. HaTHmeBBe 06eCneqB-
BaeTCH TOpMOSBLlM mKBBOM, Ba KOTOpLlii
BaAeBaeTCft TopMOSBaH JIeBTa C rpYSOM BJIH
JleBTa, saTHrBBaeMaH BBHTOM. UUT8Bra sa-
RaTOqBOrO YCTpoicTBa npBBOABTCH 80 Bpa-
ID;eBBe npH nOMOID;B
p1lK
OBROH rOJlOBKB.
npBBO,n ManIBBY OCYID;eCTBJlHeTCH OT
SJIeRTpOABBraTeJIH BO BSpYB06esonaCBOH
BCnOJIBeBBB qepes peAYKTOp II BapBaTOp;
nJiaBHOe BSMeBeBBe cKopOCTeB B npe,neJI8X 1: 3.
TeXHUqeCKaH xapaKTepBCTBKa npoltfasoqHoi MamBBLJ.
"
PBC. 7.4. HaMaaO'l8LIB aom (paJ(JJJI):
1 - CTaBRBa; 8 - C'l'peRKa; 8 - 1C0pnyC DO.ll-
llUDUlllJ(a palCa; 4 - peryapoBO'lBJd BIIBT
C 1lU0BII'IICOM; 5 - 1C0pnyC palUlB; 6 - Balla-
80'l1Jld ROIK (paICJIII); '/ - paGo'lBtt BM.
np1l80,n 06eCneqUBaeT
Home npUBo,nBTCH
BBO-3220:
6
7
CKOPOCTb nponYCKaRRJI TKaUB, M/MRR
MaKcBMaJli>uaJl mRpURa DpOMaaYBa-
eMoii TKaBB, MM . . . . . . . . .
.I\uJle8Be napa, MIla ..,
3J1eKTpoJJ;8uraTeJIi> Dp
OAa
TBD . . . . . . . . .
MOIII,BOCTi>, K BT
faoapBTBL18 paaMepLl, 101
AJIBBa .
mupBBa
BLiCOTa ','
Macca, T
7-21
1600
0,3
BA0-41-6
3
5525
3510
1665
4.5
7.2. CnELtHAnbHblE KnEEnpOMA304HblE MAWHHbI
nOCKOJILKY B 60JILmBBCTBe CJIyqaeB npBxoABTCH npopesBHuBaTL YSKDe TKaBH
(nmpBBoB 11.0 1100 MM), B CCCP npllMeBHeTCH AByxnoJIOTeBBaH npOMaSOqaaH Ma-
mHHa, Ba KOTOpOB o,nBoBpeMeHBo MomBO 06pa6aTLlBaTL ABa PYJlOBa TRaBH. 3Ta
MaDIHHa B npo,nOJILBOM HanpaBJIeBUU KaK 6L1 pas,neJIeBa Ba ,nBe qaCTB, B Ram,nOB
BS ROTOpyX npOMaSLlBaeTCH no OABOM}T PYJIOBY TRaHU. nOSTOMY "lamBHa CB86)1(eH8
,nBYMH HomaMU (paKJIHMB) AJIBBoi 1100 MM RamALlB, a AJIuBa pa60qero BaJla YBeJlB-
qeHa JJ;O 2400 MM.
Ha pHAe sapy6emBLlx saBo,nOB npBMeBHIDTCH KOM6BBBp0B8BHlIJe npOMaSOqBO-
npOIIJITOqRLle MaIDBHLI C BIJBOCHIJM paCRaTOqBO-SaKaTOqB:bUtl YCTPODCTBOM
(pIlC. 7.5).
218
npH npOMaSYBaBIUI TKaHL nocTynaeT Ba MamDBY, MBHYH BaBBY 4 ,nJIH JIaTeKCa,
a npH npOlDlTLlBaBDH OHa CBaqaJIa BanpaBJIHeTCH B BaBBY, OTmlDrl8eTCH Mem,ny
BcnOMOraTeJILBLIM D pa60qDM BaJIOM 7 B saTeM ,nBDa(eTCH Ba,n 060rpeBaTeJIL
R
UJIHTaMH 8 D no,n HHMB.
npB BblBOCBOM paCKaTOqBO-SaKaTOqBOM YCTpoicTBe ,nHaMeTp PY;JOHa TKaBH
J
OCTHraeT 1 M D 60JIee.
6
t -
\ I f
"-"
.
11
Pac. 7.5. KOM6BBBpOB8BBaJi KJIeenpOMaa0'l80-npoDBTO'IIIaJl MamBBa C BLlBOCBLIM paCKaTO'lBO-
8aRaTO'IIILIM YCTpoIcTBOM:
1 - aaKaTRa; 2 - paCKaTRa; 8 - nmrra lJepeKpl>\Tll1l KaBana; 4 - BallBa AM JlaTeKCa; 8 - CTamma; 6-
paRmI; 7 - paGO'IBII' BaJli 8 - oGorpeBlIIOlUlle IUIIITM; 9 - KOIKYX KaDcynw; 10 - BaDpaamuo
Ban; 11 -
TKaBb.
3a Py6emOM IDHpoKoe pacnpocTpaBeBDe nOJIyqHJID KJIeenpOMaSOqBLle MamHHLI
C ,nBYMH rOJIOBRaMH. TaKaH MamHHa nOKasaBa Ha pDC. 7.6. RaK B
O Da pDCysKa
TKaH!>, JlpOMaaaHHaH Ba OABOB rOJIOBKe, saRaTblBaeTCH Ba BTOpOH. ECJID Tpe6yeTcH
8aBeCTD eID;e O,nBB IDTPDX, TO TKaBL 6ea nepesanpaBKU npOMasblBaeTCH Ba BTOPOB
rOJIOBKe U npUHBMaeTCH Ba nepBoi. 3Ta MamHHa npJilMeBHeTCH ,nJIH HaBeOOHUH Ha
!
4
A'-----.--
- I I
..........
............
;----.. .
6" 7
........
:;;;;.----
./'
2
11
13
9
PIIC. 7.6. KJleenpoMaao'lllaJI MaDlBBa C AByMJI rOJlOBRaMB:
l-CTaBIIHa; 8 - OXJl8.IIBTeJlbmdi GapaGaB; 3 - paKJlII; 4 - paGo'Ul.il: Bani 5 - BaDpaamnolUllA BaJl; 6-
oGorpeJI31OIItali DJlBTai 7 - KOIKYX KaDcym.z; 8 - BanpaBJlllJO
Ban; 9 - JlODOJUlllTeJlbllall oGorpeJIaJOlltali
DJlBTa; l' - HanpaBJlll101UIIA BaJIIJK; 11 - aaKaTOqBoe BJI\!I pacKaroqHoe 'YCTPOICTBO; 12 - DepelCpI>lTBe
lCaBana;
18 - JleB'l'O'IRIoII TPaBCDOpTep.
TKaBL MHOrOCJlOUnOrO nOKpbITDH, T. e. npD BaJIOmeBDB 60JILmOrO qHCJIa mTpDXOB.
CKOpOCTb r.ramHHLI 4-24 M/MBH.
B nOCJIe,nHee npeMH ,nJIH IIOBbImeBDH npOHaBo,nHTeJILBOCTB CTaHJJ;apTHLlX HJIee-
npOr.IaaOqHLIX MamHH CTaJIH npHMeHHTL AOnOJIBHTeJILBLlH HarpeB TKaBH DB
pa-
KpacBYMH no,norpeBaTeJlLB.bIMH 9J1eMeDTaMD. COBpeMeHBaH mnpeAHHr-MamDHa,
cHa6meHBaH BH
paKpaCHYMB nOAorpeBaTeJIHMD, nOKasaHa Ha pDC. 7.7. BLlcoTa
yCt'aBOBKD naHeJleU 5 C HH
paKpaCBIIIMD HarpeBaTeJILBYMD 9JIeMeHTaM.B perYJIU-
PyeTcH npH nOMOID;H pblqa>RBoH CHCTeMY 6. npDBOJJ; MamHHLI OCYID;eCTBJIHeTCH
OT 3J1eKTpo,nBuraTeJIH 9 (BO BspblB06esonacBoM DCnOJIHeBuu) MOID;BOCTLID 2,2 KBT.
219
Oc06eHBOCTLID OnBCaBBOH ManmBbI HBJIHeTCH ee yBBBepCaJILBOCTL. OBa Mome't
6HTL BcnOJILSOBaHa He TOJILRO AJIH npopeSBHIIBaBBH MaTepBaJlOB, BO H ,nU nORpLl-
TBH TKaBeH APyrnMB nOJlHMepBLIMII MaTepBaJiaMB. npBMeBeHBe BH
paRpaCBLlX
nOAorpeBaTeJleH YBeJlBqUBaeT npoBsBOABTeJILHOCTL ManmBLI nOqTB BABoe.
4 3 2
8 m "
PIIc. 7.7. mupeABJIf-MamBllLI C BBtpaRpaCBWfB DOAorpeBaTeJIJlMB:
1 - paCKa'1'O'IIIoe ycT))OACTBO; 2 - paIWI; 8 - perymrpYJOIQHJI: lIeX8BB811 palUJB; 4 - DapoBaJI lUlllTa; 5 -
D8Bea C BBdlpupaCIWIIII BarpeaaTemlIlB; 6 - Pl>J1JlIIKBaJI CBCTella; '1 - TBCBBJU.Doe Yt:TJ>oAC'1'BO; 8 - DOA-
JlepIKBBu>
e PO./lllKB; 9 - 8J1eK'l'pOJlBlIJ'aTenlt; 10 - CT8BBBa; 11 - 8AJCa'1'O'IIIoe YCTpoACTBO.
npe,nCTaBJIHeT BBTepeC BblnycKaeMaH B AHrJIIUI KOM6Ji1BJ1pOBaBHaH DUT01lBO-
6apa6aBBaH MamUBa, yCTpOHCTBO KOTOpOH nOKaSaBO Ha pUc. 7.8. npBKeBeBH9
CYIDBJILBOrO 6apa6aBa 6 BapHAY C napoBoH nJIBTOH 5 06
HcBHeTcH CTpeMJleBBeM
YBeJIB1IBTL nJIOID;aAL 060rpeBa B nOBLlCBTL TeM CaMHM npOB3BOABTeJlloBOCTIo M8IDJIHIoI.
6
5
PBC. 7.8. KOM6BBBpOB8BB8JI JUJ8TO'lB0-6apa68BB8JI KJJeeDpOMaaO'IBU lWIIIDIa:
1 - CTaBJIBa; 8 - mmuolltJlA TPaBCDOporep; 8 - lIeX8BB811 JIM B811eBeBIIJI yJ'ma YCTIBOBJCB paKJIB; 4 - lIesa-
DB811 perYJlBJloBaBBJI DpIDfl_a palC./lll; 6 - DapoBwe 1UID'11II; 6 - cyJIJBJII>BWlllapaGaJr; , - BalCa'l9'1110e yC'J'pOit-
CTBO; 8-DpBBOJl; 9 - pacKa'1'O'IIIOe YCTPOACTBO.
)J.JIH BaBeCeBBH TOqBOrO ROJlBqeCTBa peSHBOBOH CMeCU npHMeBJUOTCH TaK
BaSblBaeMLle npe
SBOBHLle MamBHLI. 3TB MamHBLI OTJIHqaIDTCH DOBWIIeBBOii
TID;aTeJlLBOCTLID HSfOTOBJIeHBH H TOqHOCTLID perYJlBpOBaBBH nO,nmaTBJI paKJIB.
7.S. PEKynEPALtHOHHblE YCTAHOBKH
Ha pBC. 7.9 nOKasaHa peKynepa
BoHBaH yCTaBoBKa, npHMeBHeMaH ,nJlH YJIa-
BJIBBaBBJI napOB 6eBsBBa, OTcaCLIBaeMblX Bs-no,n RancyJlY RJleenpOMaSOqBOB
MamBBbI. CMecL napOB 6eHsBHa C B03AYXOM nO)l.aeTCH B3pLIB06esonacBLIM BeBTBJlH-
220
TOpOM 1 B aAcop6ep 2, SanOJIHeBBblH aKTIIBUpOBaBBLIM yrJleM. KOHl\eBTpa JI
napOB 6eH3HHa B OTcaCLlBaeMOM B03Ayxe AOJlmBa 6b1TL HDme BspblBoonaCBoro npe-
JJ;eJIa. BLlcoTa CJIOH aKTUBlIpOBaBBoro yrJlH B a,ncop6epe, onpeAeJlHeMaH paCqeTOM.
,nOJlmBa 6b1TL T KOH, qT06L1 06eCneq1lTL nOJIBYID OqllCTKY B03,nyxa OT napOB 6eB-
SBHa. npu BaCLlID;eHIIII aKTlIBUpOBaBBoro yrJIH napaMII 6eB3HHa nepBblH aAcpp6ep 2'
OTKJIIDqaIDT 11 BKJlIDqaIDT BTOpOH aJJ;cop6ep 8. Bo BpeMH pa60TY a,ncop6epa 8 aKTU-
BupOBaBBYH yrOJIL, sanoJlBHIDID;Dii a,ncopoep 2, no,nBepraIDT pereBepa u. BJiaro-
JJ;apH 3TOMY 06eCneqUBaeTCH BenpepLlBBaH pa60Ta peKynepa oBBoi YCTaBOBKB.
8 7 8 9
It
PBC. 7.9. CX8IIa peKyDep81\BoBBoi YCTaIIOBRB ADs ynaBmtBaJIBJI uapoB 6eB8UBa:
1 - BeIITImRTOp; ., , - a.u.COP PI>I; 8, 6 - 88JI.BIIIKKB; ., 6 - MO. 8J<TBBBpOB88B0ro yr.JIII; 'I - DapoDpOBOIJ;
9 - KOilJ'eBea'1'Op; 10 - pauemrrem.BSJI 1C0000BBa; 11 - c pIIIrK ROllAeBeaTa (<<IeBaBBa); 12 - Bacoc.
,D;ecop6l\BH 6eB311Ba npOIl3Bo,nIlTCH napOM, nOAaBaeMYM B a,ncopoep BS napo-
npoBo,na 7. OTorBaBBLlH 6eB3HH (BepBee, CMeCL napoB 6eB3HHa B BOALI) Banpa-
BUeTCH B KOBAeBcaTOp 9, rAe napy 6eD311Ba 11 BOALI KOBAeBcBPYJOTcH. ROBAeBcaT
(BoABo-6eHsHHoBan; cMeclo) nocTynaeT B3 KOB,neBcaTopa B pa3AeJlBTeJlLsyJO KOJlOHBy
10. nocJle OT,neJleIlIlH OT BOALI 6eB3BB nOJJ;aeTCH B c60pIIBK 11, oTKy,na BaCOCOM 12'
nepeKa1l1lBaeTCH Ba npOIl3BOACTBO. B08BpaT 6eH3BHa Ba COBpeMeHHYX YCTaHOBKaX
,nOCTlIraeT 95 % .
B nOCJleABlIe rOA);l BaMeTUJlaCL TeB,neB K npHMeHeBDlO peKynep OHHYX:
YCTaBOBOK BenpepblBBoro JJ;eHcTBBH, DleIDIl\IIX PHA npeBMy1l\eCTB nepeA yCTaBOB-
Ka lIep1l0AH"leCKoro AeBCTBU.
r nABA 8
060PY,lI.OBAHJ.1E ,lI.nfl 3ArOTOBJ.1TEnbHbIX onEP A
J.1A
B pe3BBOBOH npOMLlmJIeBBOCTu sarOTOBUTeJILHblMU BaSLlBaIDT orrepan;uu,
"BblnOJIBHeMLIe npll usrOTOBJIeBIIU ,neTaJIei IIJIU nOJIy
a6pIlKaTOB, KOTopble B nOCJIe-
,,nyJOID;eM UCnOJILsYIDTCH ,nJIH npoDsBo,nCTBa IIs,neJIui. TaKux onepan;ui, CBHsaBBblX
DSMeJILqeHlIeM, BLlPy6KOH 11 paspesaBHeM MaTepHaJIa, B pesuBoBoM npou3Bo,ncTBe
)J;OBOJILBO MBoro. ,D;JIH UX BblnOJIBeBIIH npuMeBHIDTcH paSJIWlBLle MamuBhI, KOTopLle
YCJIOBBO MomBO pas)J;eJlIlTL Ha lIeTLlpe rpynrrLl. R nepBoi rpynne CJIe,nyeT OTBeCTU
MamHHLI ,nJIH IISMeJILqeBWI peSHHOBoi CMeCII, KO BTOpoi - MamUBbI ,nJIH BLlpy6KD
'sarOTOBOK liS pesHHoBoro JIBCTa, K TpeTLeH 11 qeTBepToii rpynrraM - COOTBeTCT-
-,eBBO 3axpoHBLle 11 peSaTeJILBble MamHBLI.
8.1. MAWHHbI AnJ=! H3MEnb4EHHfI PE3HHOBOA CMECH
B pe3BBoBoM npou3Bo,nCTBe mllpOKO npHMeBHeTCH cnoc06 IISrOTOBJIeBIIH
op-
'MOBLIX .II JlBTLeBYX 1I3JJ;eJIUH 113 peSIIBOBblX CMeceH, saCLlnaeMblX B npecc
pMY
IIJIB ,nosaTOp B BII,ne MeJIKIIX KYCOqKOB (rpaBYJI) ,nuaMeTpOM 3-5 MM U ,nJIHHoi
3-3,5 MM. rpaBYJIaMH MoryT nBTaTLCH U qepBHqBLle MamUBLI XOJIo,nBoro nDTaBUH,
'1
)
Puc. 8.t. np
AeiicTBBJI pemymero yc-
Tpoiicma.lrpasyJIJITOpa C AIICKOBKMB BomaHB:
1 - rpaaYJlN; 8 - BeDOABBllClIN1I: BOIK; " - AeplKaTeJlf>
BeDoABBllCBOro BOlKa; 4 - CTOn;" 6 - nBcr peaBBN;
6 - ABCKOBNe BOlICH; '1 - AeplKaTeJlf> DOUepe'lllNX
Bpa
aJOlqBXCII BOlKell:; 8 - BOIKB. .
lIOJIYQaIDID;De BCe 60JILIDee paCnpOCTpaBeBUe B npOMYWJIeBHOCTU peSUHOBLlX
us,neJIu.
B 3arOTOBBTeJILBblX n;exax B OCHOBBOM npHMeHHIDTCH ,nUCKOBble U BaJIKOBLle
rpaBYJIHTOpLl IIJIU ,nOSaTOphl Ba 6ase qepBHqftoi MamUBLI, npOIlSBO)J;HID;lIe n;UJIBB-
,np1l"leCKlIe, TOqHO JJ;OSUpOBaBBLle SarOTOBKD (JJ;O meCTII mTyK O,nBOBpeMeBBO).
.n U C K 0 B bI e r p a H y JI H TOp L1. npllHn;lIn pa60TbI pemym;ero YCTpoi-
CTBa rpaBYJIHTOpa C ,nUCKOBLlMH BomaMU nOKasaB Ba p1lC. 8.1.
JlIICT peSUBY 5 no,naeTCH no CTOJIY 4 K ,nUCKOBbIM BomaM 6, KOTophle paspe-
salOT ero Ba OT,neJILHble Y3KDe nOJIOCKH, nocTynaIDID;lIe K nOnepeqBOMY BomeBoM
r
YCTpoicTBY 6apa6aBBoro THna. Hom 2 SaKpenJIeB Beno,nBlImBO, a Bomu 8 YKpe-
nJleBLI Ha Bp
aIOID;eMCH ,nepmaTeJle 7. TaKoii rpaBy.lIHTOp paspesaeT JIIICTOBOD:
MaTepDaJI TOJIID;UBOi OT 3 ,no 12 MM Ba rpaBYJIbI npHMoyrOJlLHOi
OpMLI. CKOpOCTL
nOAaqll MaTepUaJIa perYJIUpyeTcH B npeJJ;eJIax 3--37 M/MBB. I1pousBo,nuTeJIbBocTL
rpaHYJIJlTopa KOJIe6JIeTCH OT 45 ,no 3000 Kr/q npu nOTpe6JIHeMOH r.fOm;BOCTU OT 1
)J;O 7,5 KBT. On1lcaBHLli rpaHYJIHTOp SaBBMaeT MaJIO MeCTa, yJJ;06eB ,nJlH npou3-
222
Bo,nCTBa C mHpOKHM accopTBMeBTOM pen;enryp, He nOBWlIaeT TeMnepaTyPyIo6pa-
6aTLlBaeMoro MaTepUaJIa.
rpaBYJlHTOpbl ,nJIH nOJIyqeBuH rpaHYJI B Bu,ne Ky6uKOB BLlnYCKaIDTCH paSHblX
paSHepOB AJIH pesaBUH JIUCTOB peSHHLI mupHHoi 100,' 200 U 400 MM; paSMepl>l
BapesaeMLIx Ky6uKOB 1,5; 2,5; 3,0; 4,Olu 6 MM.
14
PBC. 8.2. ArperaT IIO JI upo(ilVUlpOBUlBJI B peso MepBLIX aarOTOBOX:
1 - CTaBBHa; 2 - pOJIbraBJ'; 8 - BIIJI'J'; 4 - peIK ee 1CTPOICTBO; 5 - ; 6 - QepBJI1IJIaJI M8ID1IBa; 7 -
BecOBoe YCTpOICTBO; 8 - POJIBK; 9 - peaaTemtllaJI M8ID1IBa; 10 - CRCTelia TeDJJOBol aB'lOMaTJ/!(U; 11 - Ba-
DpaBnRJO..... pomn<; 12 - GoOBBa C lIaTepBMOM.
B a JI K 0 B bI e r p a B Y JI H TOp bI. R nOA06BYM rpaBYJIHTOpaM OTHO-
CUTCH ManIUBa UpMLI «,D;ecMa» (<Dpr) Tuna 1031/11. 3TOT rpauYJIHTOp paspesaeT'
;JeHTy cypoi peSUBLI (mupuBoi 250 MM U TOJIID;UBOi 6-12 MM) Ba YSKue nOJIOCKB
mupuHoH 4-5 MM npu nOMOID;B npo,nOJILBO pemyID;ux BaJIKOB. ,I(uCKU BaJIKOB
saxo,nHT O,nUB sa APyroH Ha 1,3 MM.
OXJlam,neHHaH peSUHOBaH CMeCL xopomo rpaBYJIUpYeTCH sa MamUHax AM npo-
USBo,nCTBa rpaBYJI B Bu,ne Ky6uKOB. CMeCL nOBLlmeHBOH KJleHKOCTU peKOMeBAYeTCH
nepe,n rpaBYJIUpOBaHUeM OXJIam,naTL cyxoi ,nBYOKUCLID yrJIepOAa.
223.
npll npOUSBO,nCTBe aarOTOBOK ,nJIH nBTaHBR JlIITLeBLlX MamUH .II AJIH SaKJlaAKU
B npecc- opMbI npHMeHHIDTCH Cnen;BaJILHble ,nOSupYIDID;ue YCTpOBCTBa Ra oase
qepBHqRYX r.fanIBH.
ArperaTY ,nJIH npO IIJIllpOBaHIIH U peSKU MepHLlX
a a rOT 0 B 0 K. TaKOH ,nOSIIPOBOqBLli arperaT AHH3-63 (HH,neKc 248041) ,nJIH
peaKH no saJJ;aRBoH nporpaMMe B onpe,neJIeHBOB nOCJle,nOBaTeJILHOCTII ,no meCTU saro-
TOBOK o,nHOBpeMeHHO paapa60TaB BO BHHHPTMAill (puc. 8.2). Ha CTaHUBe 1 YCTa-
BOBJIeBa qepBHqHaH MamBHa 6 co mHeKOM ,nllaMeTpOM 63 MM. MaTepllaJI nocTynaeT
sa 606BHLl12 11 no HanpaBJIHIDID;eMY POJlUKY 11 no,naeTCH K peSaTeJILBOi MamBHe 9,
KOTOpaH OTpesaeT KYCKU onpeAeJIeHBOi AJIHHbI. nOcJIeJJ;Bue nocTynaIDT qepes pOJIBK
8 B sarpysOqHyIO BOpOHKy qepBHqRoi MaIDDBY 6. llinpn:n;oBaHBaH sarOTOBKa pemy-
JD;HM YCTPOHCTBOM 4 paspesaeTCH Ha KyCKH HymRoH MaCCY, KOTopble oT611paIDTcH
pOJILraHrOM 2. TeXHH"IeCKaH xapaKTepllcTBKa arperaToB AHli3 npIlBo,nIlTCH Hume:
llepBRK
THn .
.llB.qeJCC arperaTa
2'8051 2'80'1
AHIIS-32 AHHS-63
K OIlYCRo-I(IIJIllllApB'leCKaJl
peai>6a--OABoaaxoABaR 8a
KOBycaoi '1aCTB U AByxaaxoA-
BaR Ba II,BJIBBAPB'leCKOii
'1aCTB. mar nOCTORa8L1i
32 63
68 70
ABaMeTp, MM . . . . . . . .
'1aCTOTa BpameBBJI, 06/MBB .
CllcTeMa nOAAepmaBBJI aa.u;a8-
Bot TeMDepaTypLi .....
MOIII,BOCTi> 8JIeKTpoABuraTeJlR
npHBoAa '1epBJI'IBOii MaDIBBLI,
KBT . . . .
3arOToBKa
npo(iHJIi> ......
AHaMeTp, MM . . . . .
AJIUBa, AIM . . . . . .
faoapBTBLle paaMepLl, MM
AJlHaa .
mBpBB8
BLiCOTa
Macca, T
ABTOMaTB'I&cttaa
2,2
18
Kpyr sii
10-40 20-75
50-300 100-430
1800
1220
2000
1,015
1800
1220
2000
1,67
8.2. MAWHHbl Anfl BblPY6KH 3ArOTOBOK
,D;JIH npOIlSBo,ncTBa MBorux OpMOBYX H KJIeeBYX peaBHOBYx' Ha,neJlIIH qaCTO
U nOJILsYIDT saroToBKu, nOJIyqeBHble MeToAoM Bypy6Ku HS JIBCTOB Cypoii peaBHbI
UJIU liS nOJIOTBa 06pesBHeBHoi TKaBU. ,D;JIH Bblpy6KU sarOTOBOK npHMeHHIDT paa-
.JIH"IHble BLlpy6Bye npeccLI, paaJIH"IaIDID;lIeCJI no KOBCTpyKD;IIB H MOID;BOCTU.
COBpeMeBBye Bblpy6Rye npeccbI SBaqBTeJILBO OTJIH"IaIDTCR OT npllMeBRBmuxcH
paBLme B pesuBoBoM npousBo,ncTBe npeccoB TBna «P06UHSOH», «PeBOJIIDn;BoHt
11 3KCn;eHTpBKoBLlX. MOID;ROCTL npeccoB BOSpOCJIa B 2 pasa H 60JIee. ECJIU paHLme
YCBJlue npeCCOBaHUR KOJIe6aJIOCL B npeAeJIaX OT 0,05 ,no 0,1 MH, TO Y COBpeMeB-
HLIX npeCCOB OBO ,nocTuraeT 0,2-0,3 MH. 3BaqUTeJILBO IISMeBUJICH npUBO,n npecca.
PaHLme OB OCYID;eCTBJIHJICH qepes meCTepBU U KpBBomuDHo-maTYBBYi MexaBUSM,
a B BaCTOHID;ee BpeMH 60JILmHHCTBo npeCCOB B CCCP U sa py6emoM BynycKaIDTcH
C 3JIeKTporUJJ;paBJIH"leCKUM UJIB rUApaBJIH"IeCKHM npIlBOJJ;OM, lITO 06eCneqUBaeT nJIaB-
BOCTb U 6eCmYMBOCTL pa60TLI npecca. BynycKaIDTcH nOJlyaBToMaTH"IeCKBe U aBTO-
MaTUqeCKlle npeccLI.
'Y 60JILIDHHCTBa npeCCOB mTaBn;eBblH Bom aaKpenJIeB Ha BepxBeii TpaBepce llJIU
nyaBcOHe. HHorJJ;a nyaBcoB aBTOMaTH"IeCKU nepeMeID;aeTCH B,nOJlL BepxHei Tpa-
sepcLI npecca. MaTepUaJI no,naeTCH nOA rrpecc BpyqRYID UJIU cnen;UaJILBblM nOAa-
IDID;u YCTPOHCTBOM, KOTopoe MomeT pa60TaTL B nOJIyaBToMaTUqeCKOM U aBTOMaTB-
qeCKoM pemUMe.
:224
no KOBCTPYK HH BI>1py6HI>1e npeCChl MomBO paSAeJlHTL Ha ABe OCHOBBYe rpyn-
nl>1: JJ;BYXKOJlOHHble C BepXHeH nOABWRHoii HJlH BenoABHmHoii TpaBepcoii KOCTOBoro
Tuna H OJJ;HOKOJlOHHl>1e qeJlIDCTBoro TllIIa C BepXHeii nOBopOTHOii HJlU HenOBopOTHOii
nOJJ;BHmHoi KOBCOJlLHOii TpaBepcoii.
,D; B Y X K 0 JI 0 H H bI e B bI P Y 6 H 1>1 e n p e C C bI. R 3TOH rpynne npec-
COB OTHQCHTCH npeccbI nBr-18-1-0 H nBr-18-2-0 c nOABHmHoii BepXBeii TpaBepcoit
MOCTOBoro Tuna, onYCKaIDID;eHCH BO BpeMH BYPy6KH, HsrOTOBJlHeMl>1e OpJIOBCKHM
rOCYJJ;apCTBeBHbIM MamBHOCTpOUTeJlLHYM saBoAOM HM. MeJJ;BeJJ;eBa. MaKCHMaJlLBOe
pa60qee YCHJlUe npecca 0,2 MH, BaH60JlLmBii nepHMeTp BI>1py6aeMoii AeTaJlH 930 MM.
c::,
Pac. 8.3. BLlpy6soii npecc IIBf-18-t-O:
1 - CTaBBRa; 2 - 1<0nORRa; 3 - CTOn; 4 - BepDlJIJI TPuepca; 5 - Dp'YlKJllla o(ipamoro xOJla.
npecc 3J1eKTpOrHApaBJlHqeCKOrO JJ;eHCTBHH. YCTpOHCTBO npecca nBr-8-1-0 nOKa-
saBO Ba pUc. 8.3. B CTaBBHe 1 C JJ;ByMH nOJII>1MU KOJlOHHaMH 2 pacnOJlOmeB rHJJ;po-
npUBOJJ;. Ha BepxHeii nJlOCKOCTH CTaHHHI>1 pacnOJlOmeB CTOJI 3, Ha KOTOpblii yKJl8JJ;Y-
BaeTCH Bblpy6aeMblii MaTepHaJI. BepxBHH TpaBepca 4 nOJJ;BHmHaH; pa60qHii XOJJ;
06eCneqHBaeTCH JJ;eiiCTBHeM rHJJ;paBJlH'leCKOi CHCTeMI>1, a nOJJ;'LeM TpaBepCI>1 OCYID;C-
CTBJlHeTCH npymuHoi 5.
TeXHH'leCKaH xapaKTepHCTHKa npecca nBr-18 npUBOJJ;HTCH Hume (CM. Ta6J1.8.1)
AaaJlOrUQBl>1e no KOBCTpyK HH npeccl>1 BblnycKaIOTcH B 1JCCP (Mo,neJlL 06109jP1)
U r,D;p (Tun 13040). nOJJ;'LeM Bblpy6HOii TpaBepCbI OCYID;eCTBJlHeTCH Ba 3T1IX npec-
cax OT 3J1eKTpOJJ;BuraTeJlH. BLlpy6Boe YCHJlHe npecca 0,3 MH. MaKCHMaJiLHaH
nOBepXHOCTL ,neTaJlei, nOJlyqaeMLIX aa npecce 1600 X 500 MM.
Ha pUc. 8.4 nOKasaB JJ;BYXliOJIOHHl>1i npecc 3J1eKTporUJJ;paBJIH"leCKOrO AeiicTBHH
C BenoJJ;BHmHoii TpaBepcoii H no,nBumBLIM nyaHcoHoM HpMY «CTa tflopJJ;J> (ABrJlHH).
Pa60qee YCHJlHe npecca 0,22 MH. npecc COCTom us BumBeii TpaBepCI>1 (cTaBuHa 1),
15 3al<88 163 225
,
MaTepUaJIa no ma6J10BY, BTopaH rpynna - MaIDHBbI H CTaHKU JJ;JIH peSKII JlHCTOB,
npotflHJleD:, Tpy60K U mHypOB, TpeTLH rpyooa - MamUHLI JJ;JlH peSKU npopeSHaea-
ablx TKaaeD: H qeTBepTaH rpynna - MamHabI ,nJlH peSKH MeTaJlJlOKopJJ;a.
8.3.1. HO>KH AnA peSKM no wa6nOHY
JIeBTOqftLJe HOacu. 3TU aomu npHMeBHIDT J1.JlH BLlpesaHHH AeTaJleH no ma6J1oBY
HS aaCTHJla 06pesuBeBHLlx TKaHeH H KaJIas,npoBaaHI>1X HJlU mnp
OBaBHI>1X JIIICTOB
Cl>1pOH pesHBLI. JIeHTOqHye aomH KJIaCcHtflHD;HPYIDT B saBHCHMOCTH OT qHCJla mKU-
BOB, Ha I<OTOpLlX HaTHHyra CTaJlLDaH JleHTa (Rom). B BaCTOHID;ee BpeMR OTeqeCT-
BeBHI>1MU saBOJJ;aMH ,nJIH peSHaOBOH npOMblmJIeHBOC'l1l BI>10YCKaIDTCH TOJILKO
.'8
19
20
23
2*
2 26 Z.)
PIIC. 8.7. JIeRTO'D1LIB Rom RJI-800 C 'leTLIpi>MJI mKBBaMB:
1 - 3MBilil C'I'OlRa CTaBBBH; 2 - DOBopoTRall DJlHTa 3aeKTPO.!lBBraTeJlII; 3 - Depe.uBIIII C'I'ORKa CTaBJIBH; 4 -
BBIleBIIII qaCTb orpalle.!leBBII; 5 - BRJKBIIA WKHB; 6 - roPH30BTam.RaJI qaCTb CTaBBRIII; 7 - C'I'OJI; 8 - IIIIIKBee
BaDpaBJillJOwee 'YCTpOACTBO; 9 - ROlle; 10 - Bepxucc RanpaDJlRJOwee YCTpoACTBO; 11 - ocaeTRTemoBIUI apMa-
TYPa; 12 - MeXaBB3M perYJlItpOBaBBR HaTlllleeBBII JlellTW; 13 - &laCJIeRKa; 14 - BepXIUIA DO.!lBBIltllIIIA DlRBB;
15 - BepXBIIR qaCTb CTaBBBH; 16 - BepXRlI1I qaCTb orplllKJteBBII; 17 - YKa3aTeJlb CKOpoCTB JlellTl>l; 18 - aepx-
JIBiI: mKBB; 19 - MeX8BB3M .!IJIII 3aroqKU BOllea; 20 - DYJlbT YDpaBJlefIIIJI; 21 - npHBO.!l MeX8BB311a 3aro'IJCU;
22 - DYCI'OBllle KBODKB; 23 - PYROIITKa perYJlBpOBaBBIl BaTlllleeBBII PeMRII; 24 - Bt'.!Iywmt mK8B; 2S -,pe-
MeRb; 26 - 3J1eICTpO.!lBaraTeJlb.
qeTl>1peXOCBLle MamBHbI, DO aa CTapblX SaBOJJ;aX eID;e 3KCnJIyaTUPYIDTCH MamHBbI
C ,nByMH HJlU TpeMH mKUBaMH.
JI eaT 0 q H LI e B 0 m H C q e T LI P L M H m K H B a M H. JIeaTOqaye
aomH C qeTblpLMH mKHBaMH BynYCKaIDTCH JJ;BYX paSMepOB: C BblJleTOM 800 H 1250 )Q(.
229
CKOpOCTb peSaaHH Y TaKUX Homeii perYJIHpyeTCH OT 6 ,no 20 M/MHR. 06ID;aH TOJl-
ID;BHa saKpaUBaeMoro aaCTUJla TKaaeD: JJ;O 150 MM. Ha pue. 8.7 nOKasaH aom
HJI-800 C pa60qHM BYJIeTOM 800 MM, aa KOTOpOM Momao paCKpaHBaTL BaCTHJI
C MaKCHMaJlLHYM nepHMeTpOM 800 X 800 MM. CTaUBHa aoma qyryBBaH, Kop06qa-
TOD: OTJlHBKU, BynOJlHeaa HS qeTblpex oTJJ;eJlLaLlX qaCTeB 1, 3, 6, 15, coeJJ;uaeBBhIX
6oJlTaMH. HumaHe CTOHKH 1 U 3 CKpenJleHbI CTHmKOD:. Ha CTaaBHe YKpenJleHLI
qeType mKUBa 5, 14, 18, 24; mKHB 14 Mo>KeT nepeMeID;aTLCH npH nOMOID;U Mexa-
BUSMa 12 JJ;JlH peryJlupoBaHuH HaTHmeBUH JleaTLI Homa 9, npeJJ;cTaBJlHIDID;eH c060i
SMlKaYToe nOJlOTHO, Ba,neToe aa qeType mKUBa H JJ;BHmyID;eeCH C 60JlLmOD:
CKOpOCTLID (OT 6 ,no 20 M/MUB). Bo BpeMH pa60TbI JleSBUe Boma CMaSblBaeTCH
BepeTeaaYM MaCJIOM HS MaCJIeHKH 13. YKasaTeJlL 17 nOKaSblBaeT CKOpOCTL pa-
saHBH.
Hom caa6mea MexaaUSMOM 19 ,nJlH SaTOqKH JleSBHH. npHBO,n aoma oCyID;ecT-
BJllIeTCH OT 8J1eKTpo,nBHraTeJlH 26, YCTaBOBJleaBoro aa nOBopoTBOii nJlUTe 2, qepes
KJIHHOpeMeBayID sy6qaTYID nepeJJ;aqy H BeAYID;HD: mKHB 24. HaTHmeBHe peMHH 25
peryJlupyeTcH MaXOBII1IKOM 23.
TeXHH"IeCKaH xapaKTepHcTHKa JleHTOqayX aomeH c qeTypLMH mKUBaMH,
BynYCKaeMYX saBOJJ;OM HM. RpacHaa, npHBOAHTCH aHme:
PaaMep paCKpaHBaeMO ii Ua'IRlI,
MM
AJIBBa .........
TOJIID;Raa . . . . . . . . .
BHCOTa ..........
CKOpOCTi> peaaBBJI (CKOpOCTi>
ABDmeBBJI neSTLI), M/MBB . .
tJaCTOTa BpameBBJI DpBBOABoro
mKBBa, 06/MIIJI ......
aneKTpOABBraTeJIi> npBBoAa
TIID ............
MOmBOCTi>, KBT .....
'laCTOTa Bpa e8BJI, o6/MBB
fa6apBTIILle paaMepLl, MM
AJIBaa
mBpUBa
BLiCOTa
Macca, Kr
HJI-BOO HJI-12!iO
800 1200
800 1200
150 150
6-20 6-20
382-1274 382-1274
ACBBxpolUlLlii, Tp8x<}Ia8Boro
TOKa C RopOTKoaa
pOTOpOM, co BCTpoeBIILIH
8JIeKTpOMarBBT TOpMo-
aOM-Aoa 42-6/4-m2
1.7 1.7
1500 1500
2050 2700
1200 1500
1780 1780
459 488
OnHcaHaNe Bblme JIeHToqaye Bomu npeJJ;cTaBJIHIDT onaCBOCTL npJl 8KcnJlya-
Tan;UH, TaK KaK 6b1CTpO JJ;BumYID;aHcH oCTpaH CTaJiLBaH neHTa MomeT npHqHHRTL
cepLesBble TpaBMY. nOSTOMY JleBTOqaYe BomU ,nOJlmHLI 6YTL caa6meBbI sam.RT-
BWMH YCTpoiicTBaMH, npeAoxpaBHIOID;HMH PYKH pa60qero OT paBeHHH H JleaToyJloBH-
TeJlHl>m aa cJlyqai paSpYBa Homa.
3J1eKTpOS8KpoiiuLIe pyqsLle Hoam. ,I:(JlH pesKH 06pesHBeBaLlx TKaBei, YJlomeH-
BblX B BHAe MBOrOcJloiBblX BaCTUJlOB, B pesBHoBoi npOMLImJleHaOCTu, KaK U B mBei-
BOM npousBo,nCTBe, npHMeHHIDTcH pyqHLle sJleKTpoSaKpoiiHye MamHabl C KOJle6a-
TeJlLaYM U C JJ;UCKOBbIM HOmaMH.
M a m U H LI C B e p T U K a JI L B LI M K 0 JI e 6 aTe JI L R Y M B 0 mOM.
Ha pHC. 8.8 nOKaS8aa 3JIeKTpOSaKpoiuaH MamRHa 33M-2 C BepTUKaJlLHYM KOJle6a-
TeJILablM aomOM 4. MamHBa MomeT paspesaTL BaCTHJI TOJlID;HaOB JJ;O 100 MM. Hom 4
HSrOTOBJlea us nOJlOCOBOD: CTaJIH Y10A TOJlID;HBOH 0,5-0,7 MM H mHpHHOD: 2()-
25 MM. Hom npUBOAHTCH B ABumeHHe OT 3J1eKTpo,nBHraTeJlH 9 Tpex asaoro nepe-
230
Meaaoro TOKa (MoID;HOCTL 0,475 KBT, aanpHmeHHe 220 B, qaCTOTa BpaID;eHBH
2800 06jMBH) qepes KpHBomun 8 H maTYB 6. 3JIeKTpo,nBHraTeJlL nOJJ;KJlIDqaeTCH
K ceTH qepes mTenCeJlbHblB: BBOJJ; 10. npu pa60Te MamHaa nepe,nBHraeTCH no
CTOJIY npH nOMOID;H pyqKH 1 H CKOJlLSm no BeMy nJlaTtflopMoi 2. ra6apm-
Bble paSMepLl aoma: JJ;JIHHa 315 MM, mupHHa 250 MM, BblCOTa 500 MM. Macea
Boma 14,3 Kr.
M a m H B Y C JJ; H C K 0 B LI M B 0 mOM. B CCCP BblnycKaIDTcH JJ;Be MO-
AeJiH 3JIeKTpOSaKpoHBLlX MamHH C JJ;HCKOBblMH HomaMU: 3a,I:(M-1 u 3a,I:(M-2. HOa\
y 3TUX MamHH usrOTOBJleH us CTaJiH 'Y10A; JJ;HaMeTp aoma 120 MM, TOJlJn;HHa
1,5-2 MM; aom paspesaeT naCTHJI TOJIID;HHOH JJ;O 20 MM. ,I:(HCKOBbIB: aom npHBOJJ;HTCH
"
7
G
5
c--
315
"S
hc. 8.8. 8aeKTpOSaKpoiBaJi MaII1BBa 83M-2:
1 - pY'fICa; z - DJlaTl!iOpMa; 3 - C'I'OltKa; 4 - ROlle; S - Don3ya; 6 - maTyR; 7 - KpWDIKa; 8 - KpuaOIDBD;
, - eneICTpOABlII'aTeJUt; 10 - mTeDceJIbBWA BBOA; 11 - neBaR DpB3Ma; 12 - upaBaJI upB8l1a.
B ABHmeBHe OT 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIH qepeS qepBHqaYID oepeJJ;aqy C nepeAaTOqaYM qUC-
JIOM 1 : 4. 3J1eKTpoABHraTeJlL MOID;BOCTLID 0,2 KBT nOAKJlIDqaeTCH K ceTH qepes
mTenCeJILHYB: BBOJJ;.
I(upK)'Jlbllble Boam. ,I:(JlH BypeSblBaBHH HS JlHCTOBOH cblpoi HJIH BYJlKaHHSOBaa-
aOB: peSHHY KpyrJlblx AeTaJIeB: HJlU KOJIen; npHMeaHIDT TaK HaSblBaeMLIii n;HpKyJlL-
HblB: Bom. (I1BorJJ;a JJ;JlH 3THX me n;eJleB: HCnOJILsyeTcH CBepJlRJlLabli CTaBOK. B Kaqe-
CTBe pim ero HHcTpYMeBTa npHMeBHIDTM peSn;y, SaKpeOJleHHble B pesn;e,nepma-
TeJle).
B CCCP n;n:pKYJILHYii aom I1P0-4850 (26610) BbloycKaeTCH MamHBOCTpOH-
TeJILHLlM saBOJJ;OM BM. RpacHHa (pHC. 8.9). nOJlocy peSHBLI YKJlaJJ;YBaIDT BpyqaYID
aa CTOJI 3. PesHHa npIDKHMaeTCH K CTOJIY nseBMaTlI1IeCKHMH npHmHMaMH 4, yopa-
BJleBUe KOTOpYMH npOHSBOJJ;HTCH OT neJJ;aJlH 7, BKJIIDqaIDID;ei naeBMOn;HJlHHAPY
CTaBKa. npHBOA aoma OC eCTBJIHeTCH OT TpeXCKopOCTBoro 3J1eKTpOJJ;BHraTeJlH 2
qepes 3J1eKTpOMarHHTByIO MaOrOAHCKoByID pBKn;HOHHyIO MytflTY aM-22. CTaHHHa 1
CTaBKa CBapaaH HS copTOBoro opOKaTa.
231
DDDi
,
:f
1:1
I
..
I
...
OJ
II::
III
o
2
I
...
I
Ii
i
II::
I
I
1:1
I
...
ii
oS
1/),
i
g" ..
=
III g
1i
:.:1
..
t:rOj
i
COt
I
g....
QHPKYJILBYH BOm XapaKTepHsyeTcH CJIeJJ;YIDID;UMH JJ;aBHYMH:
PaSMepLi BLipeSaeMOii SarOTOBKU, MM:
TOJIIII,BBa, MM . . . . . . . .. .
AnaMeTp SarOTOBKB, MM . . . . . .
'lacToTa BpameBBJI mnHUAeJIJI, OO/MBU
CpeABRJI CKOpOCTi> peaamUI, M/Mua . .
AUJIeBUe cmaTOro BosAyxa, MOa . . .
3neKTpOABDraTeJli> npuBOAa
MOmaOCTi>, KBT . . . .
'laCTOTa BpameUBJI, OO/Mua
fa6apBTBLle paSMepLl, MM
AJIBBa .
mBpBBa
BLlCOTa
Macca, Kr .
40-350
1,5-4
40-50;
150-250;
250-350
320; 160; 104,5
96; 98,4; 104.8;
0,5-0,55
1.7; 1,3; 1.0
2875; 1455;955
962
1500
1672-
785
8.3.2. MawMHbI Ami pesKM nMcToB, WHYPOB M TPy60K
,I:(JIH npoHsBoJJ;cTBa 60JILmHaCTBa pMOBblX IISAeJlHH HCnOJILsYIDT sarOTOBKB,
nOJIyqeaHble HS JIUCTOB, mnpHn;oBaHHblx Tpy60K U maYPoB paSJIII1IBblX pasMepoB
II npO HJlH. ,I:(JlH HSrOTOBJIeaBH TaKUX sarOTOBOK npUMeHHIDT MamHaLl AJIH pesKH
JlHCTOBOH pesHabl, TPy6oK, nOJloc U npo uJleB:.
MaWHBLI AU peSKH JlHCTOBOH pesHIlLi. R aron rpynne OTBOCHTCH rUJlLOTHHHye
MamHHbI nHeBMaTlI1IeCKOrO, 3JIeKTpOMeXaHH'ICCIWrO HJIH 3J1eKTporuApaBJlHqeCKOrO
JJ;eBcTBuH C HenoJJ;BumBYM HJIH aBTOMaTUqeCKU BosBpaID;aIDID,HMCH CTOJlOM. Ha TaKHX
MamUBax nOJlyqaIDT nOJIOCbI U KYCKH pesHHbI npHMoyrOJlLBOH, KBaJJ;paTHoH UJIH
pOM61111ecKoH OpMbI. R 3TOB: me rpynne npUqHc;):HIDT MamUHbI aenpepLlBHoro
JJ;eB:CTBHH C aomaMH 6apa6aaaoro THna.
B nOCJIeJJ;Bee BpeMH mHpoKoe npuMeHeHHe HaIDJIH qepBHqable MamUBbI XOJlOA-
Boro nUTaHHH. B CBHSH C 3THM MamHaoCTpOmeJlLHYe UpMY aaqaJlH BblnycKaTL
Cnen;HaJibBLJe MamUBY, paspesaIDID;He JlUCTLJ CblpOH pesuBbI (c BaJlLn;OB) Ha JleaTbI
paSJlHqaOH mupHHLl JJ;JlH nHTaHUH yKasaHBLlx MamHH. <I>HpMa «nHpeJlJlH» (I1TaJluH)
,nJlH nHTaBHH qepBHqBblX npeccoB npHMeHHeT rHJlbOTHaBblH Hom, pemYID,HH JlHCT
Ha nOnepeqBble nOJlOCbI, TaK KaK y KpOMOK JlHCTa - nooqepe,nao C OJJ;BOB H C ,npyroii
CTOpOHY - pesHaa JJ;o Koan;a ae npopesaeTcH, nOJlyqaeTCH nOJloca 6oJILmoB: JJ;JlIIJIN.
_ B CCCP peSaTeJlLBLle MamHHbI rUJlLOTIfHHoro THna BLln eHY saBoJJ;oM
HM. RpacHHa (RocTpoMa). MamUBa 548-2 npe,nHaaBaqeaa JJ;JIH peSKH KaJlaJtJJ;po-
BaaaOB: peSUBbI Ha KyCKU ,nJlUBOH OT 10 JJ;O 1500 MM. MamuBa UMeeT naeBMaTHqeCKUB:
npHBOJJ;. HHme npuBe,neBa TeXHHqeCKaH Xapal\TepHcTHKa:
PaSAfepLl KaJIaBAPOBauaoro JIIICTa, &JM
TOJIm Uaa .........
D1HpBBa . . . . . . _ . . .
CKOpOCTi> nOAa'llf JIeBTLI, Ai/MilK
qUCJIO peSOB B 1 MDB .. . . .
PaC'leTBaJi TO'lUOCTi> peaa, M)I .
AaBJIeUUe B03J\yxa B nBeBW)CnCTeMe,
MOa ............
PacxoA cmaToro Bos yxa, n!MHB
BpameuHc pYJIOBa npu paCRaTl,e
faoapllTBLle pasMepLl, MM
nnllua
mHpHoa
BLiCOTa
Macea, T
0.5-10
:;:;;620
:;:;;30
:;:;;20
:t4
0,6
200
OT JIeHTLt
TpaBcnop-
Tepa
2850
1550
1320
1.07
2.,3
MamHaa 548-2 paCC1IHTaaa aa pyqaoe H aBTOMaTH"IeCKOe ynpaBJIeaHe.
MaUlBlllol AU peso TPYOOR, lDHypOB, OOJIOC U opotuJIei. 3TH MamHBY OTJIH-
qaIDTCH 60JILmHM pasaoo6paSHeM H BynYCKaIDTCH B paSJIH"IHOM KOBCTpyKTHBBOM
HCnOJIBeBHH OTeqeCTBeaaYMH H sapy6emaLIMH saBoAaMH. ,n;JIH peSKH peSHHOBYX
Tpy60K Ha KOJILD;eBye sarOTOBKH B CCCP BynYCKaeTCH cepHH MamHB: 592-74,
-73, -72, -71, cHa6meaBYX AHCKOBYMH aomaMH, nOAaIDID;HMH II oTMepHBaIDID;BMH
MexaBHSMaMH. HHme npHBeAeBa TeXHH"IeCKaH xapaKTepHCTIIKa 3THX MamHa:
592-n 592-73 592-72 592-71
AuaMeTp paapesaeMOB
Tpy6KB, MM . . .. 14-30
BLicoTa oTpeaaeMoro
KOJlJ>lI,a, MM . . .. 1-5,5
OTKJIOBeBUe OT aaAaa-
Boro paaMepa aaro-
TOBKU, MIl :!: 0,15
n pOHaBOAB
JIi>HOCTi>,
JDT/'I . . -. . . . . 3600-5600 2900-4500 3600-5600 3096-4842
MOIII,BoCTi> 3JIeKTpo-
ABuraTeJIJI, KBT . .
fa6apBTBLle paaMepLl,
MM
AJIBBa 1080 1050 1100 1140
mBpBBa 600 870 675 1000
BLlCOTa . 1180 1380 1300 1260
Macca, Kr 388 448 425 510
,n;JI1I- o6pesaHIIH sarOTOBOK aBToKaMep saBoAoM HM. RpaCHHa BynycKaeTCH
CTaaOK rBJILOTHHHOrO TBDa HPO-4830 C nHeBMonpHBoAoM (pHC. 8.10). CTamma 1
BynOJIBeBa cBapHoii us npOKaTa. 3aroToBKu nOAaIDTCH BpyqayIO no pOJILraBry 2;
aom rHJILOTlIBY 3 npHBOAuTCH B AeiicTBHe OT DHeBMO
JIHHApa 4; yupaBJIeaHe
ABHmeaHeM aoma npOUSBOAHTCH npH nOMoID;H neAaJIB 5.
1-5,5
1-5,5
70-100
1-3
30-50
50-70
:!: 0,3
:!: 0,15
:!: 0,1
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,7
\<)
c::,
2153
nOOOI/O
-
DOJoyxl1
I...
go'O
PRC. 8.10. CTaBOK HP0-4830 AJlJI 06peaKB sarOTOBOK aBTOKaMep:
1 - CTaBBBa; Z - poJIbraHJ'; 3 - Bom; 4 - DBeBIIOlUUlBB.llPi S - De./Iam..
CTaBOK I1PO-4830 xapaKTepHsyeTcH CJIeAYIDID;HMH AaBHLIMH:
AuaMeTp BoaAymBoro II,BJIRBApa, MM 170
Rom rUJIi>OTBBLI, MM
pa6o'lri XOA . . 80
AJIHBa 350
PasMepLi CTOJIa, MM
AJlHBa 1800
ompBBa . . . . 800
234
AaBJIeBDe cmaToro BOa.ll;yxa, Mna .. 0.4-0,5
P aCXOA cmaToro BosAyxa Ba onepa-
UIO, JI .. . . . . . . 3,5
ra6apuTuiole paaMeplol, MM
AJIRBa ....... 2153
mupuBa . . . . . . . . 900
,D;JIJI peSKS mnpHD;OBaoooro moypa KpyrJIOro ce'leouJI AuaMeTpoM 2-2,5 M"I
UJIU KBap;paTOOro ce'leouJI paSMepOM OT 3 X 3 AO 20 x 20 MM npoMLIDmeOOOCTLIO
BhloyCKaeTCJI peSaTeJILOaJl rUJILOTUOOaJl Mailluoa 548-1 nOeBMaTH'leCKOrO AeiicTBBJI.
Mamuoa MomeT pa60TaTL C pyqOhlM yopaBJIeOUeM B B &BTOMaTH'leCKOM pe$UMe.
TeXOH'leCKaJl xapaKTepUCTBKa 3TOii MamUOM DpBBeAeoa oume:
AJIHBa OTpesaeMoi sarOTOBKH, MM
CKOpOOTI> DOA8'lU muypa, M/MHB . . . . .
tIUCJIO OABOBpeMeBBO paspeaaeMIolX mBypOB
tIUCJIO peSOB B 1 MIlK
PaC'IeTBaJl TO'lBOOTI> peaa, MM
npHBOA Kama B TpaKCnOpTepa
AaBJIeRUe BOS,lJ,yxa B nKeBMOCIICTeMe, Mna
PacxoA CJKaTOrO BOS.II;yxa, JI/MHH
ra6apBTRLIe pasMeplol, MM
AJIHBa .
mupuBa
BIoiCOTa
Macca, Kr .
to-1500
:S;;20
2
:S;;20
:t4
nReBMaTn-
'1ecKui
0,6
135
3365
1300
1300
76
OTe'leCTBeOBhlMU aaBoAaMu BMoycKaIOTC1J TaKiKe arperaTM P;JIH peaKu KOJIe
us BBKeJIeii U us Tpy60K. Hume opBBeAeoa I\paTKaJl xapaKTepucTuKa 3TUX arpe-
raTOB:
ArperaT pKB
)J.JlII peaKH IlOnel(
Ha DHKeneR
Tpy6Ka
BaYTpeBRBi .ll;BaMeTp, MM
TOmn;HBa CTeBOK, MM .
BIoiCOTa BapeaaeMlolx Kone
, MM
C HRTepBaJIOM 0,25 MM . .
C HBTepBaJIOM 0,5 MM
06tn8JI MOIIUIOCTI> 8JIeKTpO.ll;BII-
raTeJIei, KBT .......
30-75
2-13
0.5-10
to-50
4.5
ArperaT PKE
JJ.JIII peaK" Konel( Ha
BHlteneR IIJIH Tpy(lOH
4-30
1-10
0.5-10
to-25
3.5
8.3.3. MaWHHbI Ans
peSKH 06peSHHeHHblX
TKaHe
H KOPAa
B peaBooBoii OpOMhlmJIeOOOCTU pacxoAyeTcH 60JILmOe KOJIH'IeCTBO paSJIU'IOMX
06pesuoeoohlx TKaoei, paspesaeMMX BAOJIL HJIU OOA yrJIOM K OUTJlM OCOOBM UJIB
YTKa. )J.JIJI peSKU 3TUX TKaoeii OpUMeOJlIOTCJI peaaTeJILOMe MamUOM, KOTophle M0)l(80
B aaBBCUMOCTU OT cDoc06a paCKpOJl OOApaaAeJiUTL oa ABe OCOOBOMe rpYODLI -
OpOAOJILOO-peaaTeJILOMe - pemY
Be TKaOL BAOJIL OCOOBM U AuarOOaJILOO-peaa-
TeJILOMe - paspeSaIOII\Be TKaOL oooepeK OCOOBM nOA paSJIU'IOMMU yrJIaMU. Ma-
mHOM oepBoii rpYOOM 06M'I00 pemYT p;BUmYII\YIOCJI :tKaOL, a AuarOOaJILOO-peaa-
TeJILOMe MamUOhl - oeOOABHmHYIO (BO Bper.m paapeaaOUH) TKaOL.
DPOP;OJILOo-peaaTeJILB...e MawHO.... B Ka'leCTBe opUMepa oa pUC. 8. 11 opUBe-
Aeoa cxeMa DPOAOJILOO-peSaTeJILOoii MamHOh. DP-50 MamUOOCTpOHTeJILOOrO saBOAa
UM. RpaCHoa (ROCTpOMa), OpUMeOJleMOii B mUOOOM opOUSBoAcTBe. Pa60
opraooM 3TOii MamnObI JlBJIHeTCJI cMeooMii oomeBoii BaJIBK 8, oa KOTOpOM YCT8-
OOBJIeOM oa oopeAeJIeOOOM paCCTOJlOUH APyr OT p;pyra AUCKOBMe oomu, BpaIl\a-
IOlI\ueCJI C 'IaCTOToii AO 3500 06/MUO. Ha 3TOii Mailluoe TKaOL paapeSaeTCJI BAOJIL
235
cL.!.'
=
8.
1"'1:1
..
:i
Eic:c
='h
U
;J I
= ( ..
...
=
ii
Ii.':t.
Iii
...
'"
;,j I
.
r:...
S
... os:t.
O..:t.fo
I:I«I"
2 s illl
0 08 III
g
m
't;J :':$
1'/1.,,,,
:o:<::>
o
O"'!ii li
Ii..
I
Ili
=1&9
!
!
"
Q,
!a: !!!g!
.g
i
I S'Q,S
S ...II
, ..
g.
r=
.'.'I
:;U...
as is!U'''
i '" 01 8,.'
;ml
!I..I;;r:
I'r .....
:t.
I'!.."I
as 0:0: I '"
l'
""
I ..1'/......
I !
!
:.:
;,j
;id
..:
'II 1:1
... "Ii II 2
00
:I!
Q Q,=
0
: I ",ari
"'=01:0:
OCOOBhI. MaKCUMaJILOaJl mUpHHa OOJIOCLI TKaOB 650 MM. CKOpOCTL ABumeOUJI
TRaOH OT 12 AO 20 M/Muo.
B OaCTOJllI\ee BpeMJI BaaMeo MamDBLI np-60 BhlOYCKaeTtJI 0POP;OJILUO-pe-
aaTeJILHaR MamBO a np-68 YCOBepmeOCTBOBaBBoii KOOCTpyK
. 3Ta MamBua
npUMeOJleTCJI AJIJI paCKpOJl Kopp;a B TKaBB oa yaKue OOJIOChI, BCOOJILayeMhle B mBO-
OOM opOHaBOACTBe AJIJI aarOTOBKB AeTaJIeD AJIJI KpMJILeB U 60PTOBhlX JIeOT. HUIKe
opHBeAeHa TeXOU'IeCKaJl xapaKTepUCTUKa MamHH np-60 U np-68:
UP-60 OP-68
1200 1800
100 100
npOUSBOAUTeJILBOCTL 14/'1 .....
,IJ;HaMeTp BomeK, MM . . . . . ., . .
MaRCHMaJILB8JI mHpBBa paapeaaeMoit
TRaBH, 14 ............
IDHpHBa nOJIOC, paspeaaeMHx Ba Ma-
mHBe, 14M . . . . . . . . . . . .
JlHHeKBaJl CKOpOCTb
HmeBBJI TRaBH,
M/MH8 .............
tIacToTa Bpa
eBWI BomeBoro mDBB-
AeJIJI, 06/MUB . . . . . . . . . .
MO
BOCTL 8JIeKTpO,!{BHraTeJIJI npllBOAa,
KBT
BomeBoro IIIIIBB,II;e.iIJI . 1
6apa6aHa II pOJIHKOB . 0.6
ra6apnTBiole paaMeplol, 14M
AJIHBa . 3455 3450
mllJlllBa . . . 1235 1380
BIoiCOTa 1720 1720
Macca. T 0.915 1.0
npOp;OJILOO-peaaTeJILOMe MamBOhl MoryT pa60TaTL B arperaTe C KaJIaBAPOM
UJIU C OT60PO'IHMM opHcooc06JIeOHeM p;uarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJILOOD MamUOM.
Hoorp;a AJIJI paapeaaOBJI TKaou oa yaKue JIeOTO'lKB OpUMeOJllOTCJI CTaOKH,
paapeaaIOII\Ue AUCKOBMM oomOM PYJIOH TKaou Ha KOJIL
a. no OPDB
OY AeDCTBUJI
OBB 6JIUaKB K MamuoaM P;JIJI OOOepe'lHOB peaKB Tpy60K. BhloyCKaeMMD aaBOAOM
UM. RpaCHoa CTaOoK 027-01 AJIJI peaKB TKaou, aaKaTaoooB B PYJIOO, xapaKTepu-
ayeTcJI C,1[eAYIOm.uMB AaOOMMB:
npOBSBOABTeJILBOCTb, mT/'1 .
PasMeploI PYJIOBa TKaIlB, 14M
ABaMeTp .......
mupuBa . . . . . . . . .
BIoICOTa BapesaeMIoIX ROJIe
, MIl
,IJ;uaMeTp mnHBAeJIJI,)Of . . . . . .
tJaCTOTa Bpa
eBWI mnBBAeJIJI, 06/MBB
,IJ;uaMeTp AHCKOBoro Boma, MM .
tJaCTOTa Bpa
eBJJJI Boma, 06/MUB
npHBOA (MOTOp-peAYRTOp)
0.65
40-205
0,65
20-210
20
30
3400
2830
U
0,6
120
100-160
H2O
15-35
35
187
270
222
2.2A
MP A-if 160
2,2
TOO . . . . . . . . . . . .
MO
BOCn. 8JIeRTpOABlII'aTeIDI, RBT
'1aCTOTa Bpa.m;eBIDI BIoIXOABoro BaJIa,
06/MUB ..............
ra6apBTHLIe paaMeplol, MM
AJIUBa . 2183
mupHBa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780
BIoiCOTa ............... 1335
Macca. Kr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470
AUarOBaJlbUo-pesaTeJILUhle arperaTLI B MaJDBULI AJIJI paCKpOJl oopeaBBeuuhlx TRa-
Hel H TeKCTBJILUOrO Kopp;a. )J.JIJI paCKpOJl 06peauoeoohlx TKaoeD oa OOJIOCLI oooepeK
OCOOBM UJIU OOA paaoMMH yrJIaMU J( OBTJlM OCOOBhI UJIB yTKa, KaK yme yKaaMBaJIOCL
BMme, OpHMeOJlIOTCJI MamDBM, BaBeCTOMe oop; 06m.uM oaaBaoueM ABarOOaJILOO-pe-
aaTeJILObIX Mamuo. PaaJIH'laIOT ropBaOOTaJiLOMe U BepTBKaJILOMe AuarOOaJILOo-pe-
aaTeJILObIe MamuoM, a DO POAY paapeaaeMoro MaTepUaJIa - MaDIIIOM AJIJI paCKpOJl
237
160
06peaBBeBBMX TKaHeB B TeKCTBJILBOrO KOpp;a U MamUBLI AJIJI paCKpOJl MeTaJIJIo-
KOPAa.
A r per a T M C r 0 p H a 0 H T a JI L B M M B P; H a rOB a JI L B o-p e a a-
T e JI L B M M B M a m U B a M B C A H C K 0 B M M B B 0 m a M iii. B BaCTOJllI\ee
BpeMJI OTe'leCTBeBBaJl OpOMLUDJIeBBOCTL U aapy6emHhle cIIupMhI Bl>loycKaIOT p;uaro-
BaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBMe MamBBM B BUAe arperaToB, KOTophle OOMHMO c06CTBeBBo
AUarOBaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBOii MamHBM Toro HJIH BBoro Tuoa BKJIIO'IaIOT KOMoeBcaTop
C paCKaTO'lBMM YCTPOBCTBOM H 0YJILT yopaBJIeBBJI. ArperaTM 6MBaIOT C pyqul>lM
ynpaBJIeBUeM, a TaKme OOJIyaBTOMaTB'IeCKOro BJIH aBTOMaTH'leCKOrO AeiicTBIIJI.
B aaBUCBMOCTH OT BaaBa'leBBJI aaKpaBBaeMhlx HaAeJIltii B xapaKTepa paape-
aaeMoii TKaBB AUarOBaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBMe arperaTbI BhloycKaIOTcJI paaBLIx KOB-
CTPYKD;HB C paaJIH'lBhlMH yrJIaMB paCKpOJl: P;JIJI paCKpOJl TKaBeB U TeKCTHJILBOrO
KOPAa Ba OOJIOCM C yrJIOM paCKpOJl OT 0 AO 45 0 U OT 60 p;o 80 0 DO OTBomeBUIO K BHTJlM
YTKa, B TOM 'IUCJIe MamHBM, opep;BaaBa'leBBMe AJIJI paCKpOJl MeTaJIJIOKOPABoro
OOJIOTBa C yrJIaMU paCKpOJl OT 60 AO 80 0 U OT 0 AO 60 0 (yroJI, 06paSOBaHHLti JIBBHeii
pea a H oepoeHAUKYJIJlpOM K BaOpaBJIeBUIO BUTei OCBOBI>I), npHMeHJleMLIX B mDBax
THO a P.
HHme opUBep;eBa TeXBB'IeCKaJl xapaKTepUCTHR8 ropBaOBTaJILBMX AUarOBaJiLBO-
peaaTeJILBMX arperaTOB Tpex TUOOB, BMOYCKaeMMX OTe'leCTBeBBoi OpOMl>lmJIeB-
BOCTLIO, AJIJI paCKpOJl TeKCTUJILBOrO KOPAa H TKaBH:
Tun .n;HarOHaJILBo-peSaT8JILHOii Ma-
mHBIoI
HaH60JILmaJi mHpHHa paapeaae-
Moro DOJIOTBa, MM
illHpBBa oTp8saeMIoIX DOJIOC, MM
D8pBOe BCDOJIBeHHe
BTOp08 HCDOJIB8BH8 . . . . .
Pa60'lQJI CKOpOCTb TpaHCDOpTepa,
M/MBB
OCHOBHaJi .. .
AOBOAO'lBaJi . .
{{HMO peSOB B 1 MUB DpB IIUIpJlH8
oTpesaeMlolx nOJIOC
.n;o 1200 &1M . . . . .
AO 4000MM . . . . . . . . .
TO'lHOCTL pesa, MM . . . . . . .
YrOJI . peaa (DO OTHomeBBIO K aB-
TJlY ytKa) , rpa.n;yciol . . . . . .
{{aCtoTa Bpam;eBIIJI Boma. 06/0B
3JIeKTpo.n;BHraTeJIL DpBBoAa
KapeTRH Boma
MomHocTb, RBT .
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eBHJI, 06/MRB
Boma
MOm;aOCTb, KBT
'1aCTOTa Bpam;eHHH, 06/MUB
TpaBcDopTepa
THD
MOm;BOcTb, KBT .
'1aCtoTa Bpam;eBRH, 06/0B
DpHBo.n;a TpaHCnOpTepa DPH
AOBoARe mHpBBIol oTp8aaeMoii
DOJIOCIol
Mom;HOcTL, RBT .
ArperaT
180-01 *
APM-586-8
1650
180-4000
180-1200
45.4
1.55
16-18
8
:t2
0-45
2830
1.7
930
0.8
2830
MTKM-1H-6
2.2
895
1,1
ArperaT ,lXBaroRaJlbRo-
180-0 lA ** pesa
1WI Ma-
IDDRa 586-6
APM-586-8
1650
180-4000
180-4000
45.4
1.55
16-18
8
:t2
0-45
2830
1.7
930
0.8
2830
MTKM-111-6
2.2
895
1.1
1400
50-630
30,3
2.13
2.5-5 ***
:t1
60-80
4450
1
860
0.6
2800
AOG-S1-6
2.8
870
1
* paCKaTKa C PYJlORa.
** PaCKaTKa 0 HapeTOK.
*** Dp" yrJle paclfpoll 80 0 - 2,5 pesa 1 MUR, a np. yrJle paCHpOIl 60 0 - 5 peaoe B
1 MDR.
238
MexaBHSHa DOBOpOTa WIaro-
HaJIH
HO
OCTL, RBT . . U 1.1
pacRaTRH
HO
OCTb, RBT . . 4.5 4.5
ra6apBTBiole pasMeplol, MM * 16130
16130 15500
AJIHHa . 13630 I3630
4360 2800 2000
mHpHBa 2360 4360
2940 2800 2000
BIoiCOTa 2940 2800
Macca, T * 10.59 9.24 6.83
10]9 9.00
* auaqemm B 'IIICJIIlTeJIe OTBOCIITCII H nepBOII}' IICDOJISemuo, B auaMeaaTeJIe - KO UTO-
PONY.
H3 opHBeAeOOMX p;aOOMX BUP;HO, 'ITO B arperaTaX P;JIJI paCKpOJl TKaoeii B TeK-
CTUJILHOrO Kopp;a opBMeORIOTCR ABa Tuoa ropB300TaJiLOldX ABarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJIL-
OhlX MamBO. B arperaTLI 180-01 U 18o-01A BXOP;UT MamBOa ,IJ.PM-586-8 BMeCTO
paoee BbIDycKaBmeiicR MamBOhI ,D;pr-59, a B arperaT 586-6 - MamBoa ,IJ,PM-586-6
BMeCTO paoee BLloycKaBmeBcn MamUOLl )J.pr-62.
Ha pUC. 8.12 OOKaaao 0611\Hi BHP; arperaTa 180-G1A. 3TOT arperaT OTJIH'IaeTCJI
OT aOaJIOfH'lOOrO arperaTa 180-01 TOJILKO paCKaTO'lOhlM YCTpoiicTBOM. Ha arperaTe
180-G1A TKaHL DpBHHMaIOT C KapeTOK; B COCTaB arperaTa BXOABT paCKaTO'lOLlii
CTaOOK PT-3 (HP01312), B TO BpeMR KaK arperaT 180-01 opep;Oa30a'leO P;JIJI paCKpOJl
TRaou C pyJIOoa U yKOMOJIeKTOBao paCKaTO'lOLlM YCTpoiicTBOM 950-01. 06a arperaTa
BMeIOT B CBoeM COCTaBe OABOoeTJIeBOi KOMoeocaTOp 951-01 H 6a3upYIOTCJI oa ro-
pH300TaJiLOOB P;lJarOOaJILOo-pe3aTeJILOOB MamBoe ,D;PM-586-8.
YKa3aoohle arperaThI opep;Oa30a'leOM AJIJI pa60TM C aBTOPtfaTB'IeCKBM ynpa-
BJIeHBeM U paCCtIJlTaHLt oa pacKpoii TKaoei C MaKCDMaJiLOoii mupHooB 1650 MM;
yrOJi paCKpOJl MomeT B3MeOJITLCR OT 0 AO 45 0 DO OTHomeouIO K OHTJlM yTKa.
B arperaT 180-G1A BXOAHT pOJILraOr 1 (CM. pUC. 8.12), oa KOTOpMB CTaBHTCJI
KapeTKa C pacKpaBBaeMoi TKaOLIO; p;Ba paCKaTO'lOLlX CTaOKa 2, OPHBOAUMMX B Aeii-
CtBue OT 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIei 3; OJIaT4JoPMa 4 P;JIJI 06CJIymHBaoBJI paCKaTO'lOhlX
CTaOKOB; KOMDeOCaTOp 5 C OaOpaBJIRIOII\BMH pOJIHKaMB 6; OpHeMHhle TpaocnopTephl
7, OpHBOAJlII\BeCJI B ABBmeOBe OT rJIaBOOrO opHBop;a 9 ABarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJILOoi
MamUOM 12 'Iepe3 pep;yKTop 8.
TKaHL TpaocoopTepaMH 7 OpJilBIDfaeTCJI C KOMoeocaTopa 5 U nOp;aeTCJI HMU oa
OCOOBHOii JIeHTO'lOMii TpaocnopTep 17, COCTOJlII\UB BS BOCLMB TpaocnopTepBhlX
JIeOT mupHooii 200 MM Kamp;aJl. ,D;JIR JIY'lmero aaXBaTa TKaOB OCOOBHMM Tpaocoop-
TepOM ooa opHmUMaeTCJI K BeMY pOJIJilKOM 10. TpaocoopTepBhle JIeOTM OaTJlrU-
BaIOTCR OaTJlmOMM yCTpoiicTBOM 11. OCOOBBOi TpaocoopTep OpUBOABTCR B P;BB-
meoue OT opUBOAa 9, COCTOJlD\ero U3 P;BYX 3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIeii C pep;yKTopaMH,
nOAKJIIO'IeOOhlMH C P;BYX CTOpOO K BeAYlI\eMY 6apa6aoy TpaocoopTepa. OAUO B3
3JIeRTpOABBraTeJIeii 06eCDe'lUBaeT OOpMaJiLOyro pa60'lYIO CKOpOCTL TpaOCDopTepa.
a BTOpoii - aaMep;JIeHOYIO OpH AOBop;Ke mHpDHLI OTpe3aeMoii OOJIOCId P;O aaAaOOOfO
pa3Mepa.
PacKpoii TKaOH opouaBOp;UTCJI AHCKOBMM oomOM, KOTOpMii CMOOTHpOBao oa
KapeTKe; oom OpHBOAUTCJI B ABumeoue OT 3JIeKTpOABUraTeJIJI H Bpall\aeTCJI C 'Ia-
CTOTOi 2830 06/MBO. KapeTKa oepeMell\aeTCJI DO AuarOOaJIH 14, KOTOpaJl OpHBO-
AUTCR B ABBmeOBe OT npUBOAa 13 C OTp;eJILOhlM 3JIeKTpOABlilraTeJIeM. llIHpBoa
239
o
.....
....
:!?
<::>
...
- 000---1
'
I ""=:'t'
i ;
:: ..os '" III... ..
" /:
f' '" I
....... " f: II'
ell i!
::i!j8i i!
1
il
!&
II'
! g;
E '....ifur;ff=2...! :10
:II... Q, S, 19 I11>- HioG i cli
., = ac:c 3
O f
'"' t..:.:fJCIII 8:1 1
!:i
ell ;III
OOOJ
o r::
t )i;U'lti
17 I
"
eEIi...=
;
:i
1 S!
a I ... ;!:Io"."
g,
III &
g
2i a Q
1
"l
o;
i
!OJ
!
:; ..
Ii ..t li , Q,8
i OJ
.
J::( ..
:..i
l..m i' :o; m..
ra" 1 3I11(:o..... :II !!I=OI
fra
Ii
.....t ..... elll
< 19;" ta ..lge
...2..:to
2
00.... C!S!..0 8.,;aC»i:i;g!8
"
Q
Q,
!I!=2e-&
!
.. I
.
1
"'''=
i''
Q,=Q, I
.... ...a::f:Eh
agU
Cot
, ,
I
<I-
";'
I
!
'I I
TI ;
'f
;
, 'W'
OTpesaeMMX OOJIOC perYJIUPyeTCJI 4JoT03JIeKTpH'leCKUM YCTPODCTBOM 15. Bee 3JIeKTpO-
oOopYAoBaoBe, yopaBJIJlIOlD;ee pa60Toi arperaTa; cocpep;OTO'leOO B mKacllY 16.
fOpUSOOTaJiLOaH ABarOOaJILOO-peSaTe
LOaJl MamBO a )J.PM-586-8, BXOAJllI\aH'
B arperaT 180-01A, COCTOBT BS 'IeTMpeX OCOOBOLIX ceK
Bii: I - rOJIOBOaJl, II -
cpeAOJlJl, III - DpOMe)KYT0'lOaJl B IV - XBOCTOBaJl (CIII. pUC. 8.12). CeK
BB
coeABoeOLl MemAY coooii U 06pasYIOT B
eJIOM CTaOBOY MamBOhl.
fOJIOBOaJl CeKD;UJI I p;uarOOaJILOO-peSaTeJILOoi MamBOhl (puc. 8.13) opeA-
CTaBJIJleT C060B CTaOHOY 1 BS opoclluJiLooro MeTaJIJIa, ODupaIOII\YIOCJI oa cBapoyIO
paMY 2, oa KOTOpOB paSMell\eOhl ABa 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIH B peAyKTophI DpBBop;a 5
OCHOBooro TpaocoopTepa H P;BYX npueMOMX TpaocoopTepOB 6. npueMHLIe Tpaocoop-
Tephl, KaK U ocooBooii, COCTOJIT BS BOCLMB TpaocoopTepOLIX JIeOT mupBooi 200 MPt{
Kamp;aJl. npuellloMe TpaocoopTepM OpUBOAJlTCJI B p;Bumeoue OT 0611\ero OpHBOA3
7
.
F£
PBC. S.t3. rOJIOBBan ceK
IUI ropnsoBTaJIbHoii ABaroB8J1LHo-peS8TeJ1ltBoii MaIlUlBIol APM-586-8:
1 - CTaBBHa; S - CTOJI; a - HanpaBJIlUOll\ll1t 6apa6aB; 4 - Be.D.YJWIIt 6apa6aH; S - npHBOJ1; 6 - npHeMHWe
1'paBCOOpTepw; '1 - mecrepeBQaTWIt Pe.D.yJITOP; 8 - BaTn)f(Holt
6apa6aH; 9 - npuaaumolt POJIHH; 10 - HaTII)f(-
Hall CTa 8ItH1i.
OCOOBooro TpaHCDOpTepa 'Ie pes meCTepeO'laTMH peAyKTop 7 C P;BYMJI BLlXOP;OMMH
monOp;CJIJlMU AJIJI DpBBop;a nUTaTeJILOhlX TpaHtmopTepoB B OP;OHM BMXOAOMM
mOUOAeJIeM P;JIH opUBOAa BeAY
ero oapa6aoa OCOOBooro TpancoopTepa. Ha ro-
JIOBOoii ceKD;UH AHarOOaJILOO-pe3aTeJILOOD MamBOhl CMOOTupOBaHa TaKme OaTJlmOaJl
CTaOD;DJI 10 P;JIJI OaTJlrBBaOBJI TpaHcoopTepoLIx JIeHT OCHOBooro TpaBcoopTepa.
TRaoL, oop;aBaeMaJl OUTaTeJILOMMB TpaocoopTepaMu, oooaAaeT oa OCHOBooi
TpaocoopTep B opHmHMaeTCJI K oeMY opBmBMoMM POJIUKOM 9 (CM. pUC. 8.13).
Humoue JIeOTM TpaHcDopTepa CXOAJlT C BeAOMoro oapa6aoa 20 (CM. pHC. 8.12),
OOBpaIOTCJI oa pRA opOMemYT0'lHMX pOJIBKOB B, oruoaJl OaOpaBJIJlIOlI\Bi 6apaoaH 3
(CM. pnc. 8.13), OOP;XOP;1IT K Bell.y
eMY 6apa6aoy 4.
CpeAHJIJI CeKl\l'IJ1 II MamUllhI yCT
OOBJIeOa oa cBapooii CTaBlIHe, oa ItoTOpoii
paCDOJIOmeO CTOJI 2 HS JIUCTOBOH CTaJiH. CTOJI OOA)J.ep)KUBaeT TpaocoopTepHble
JIeOThI oa 3TOM
''1aCTKe, a TaKme ABarOHaJiL C KapeTKoi U ABCKOBLIM HOmOllf. ,l(ua-
rOOaJIL MomeT 6MTL OpB 8'0111011\0 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI B BBHTa OOCTaBJlena DOA yrJIo:\1
OT 0 AO 45° K OaOpaBJICOBIO OUTeH YTl\3 TItaOB. B cpeAoeii ceK
HH MaIDBHLT paCDO-
JIomeo IDl\acll C 3JIeItTPo060PYAOBaIlBeM, yopaBJIlIIOII\HM pa60Toii arperaTa, a T8Kme
4JoT03JIeKTpB'IeCKOe YCTpoacTBo, OTMepUBaIOlD;ee mHpBHY oTpeS
MQH n0JIOCLI,
16 aaKas 163
241
..
0'1"/-
00;
::is 4).... .
ososo
III ,i:j:to=
= I;QJa$,o
a = g,t{ 0:::
..s 0,0.,
::II :to =
I'" s:>...
..= =:
.= oo,Q,Q
0 .
o
III '"'1:1
oQ
.. II: os :to
asca
Q)
!-< ;'
ii1:=J
..s
!1ig
to
.0»
= s:>. I .
Ao
t!2:!:=
...
0
cocuQ,) t:S
III lI:a
;,jgj
oQ ">
i': : I I g I
..s
==
"::= a... C\;
0
'" fo .. t::.,.
..s :
iQ
iC
=
t:( I
,,>osa
<0
.= ..i'
8.
0
III = os
oQ ;tC
t;':.:
1=1
;,j..
I
..s ..,
!-< ..os_
! !
i= I
to «Ir.;
to..'" ....
= '" II:
"'!
Ao =OSOl"O
0 a-13""'1I:j;;
""' !2
II:
....
oQ hS8.
1=1
..s
i I "'"
t::t::=:
""'
: 8'g,
..s 0
== IIlsisj
I::( .,....-I
... .., =
. ..
f'<o 2
op =-as
.... co ..
i:;..=
.CO OSos.....t{
COIQ:l tra ..,
I
!2 =
u
I
I t8.
..,f I::( ..,
g,8
nepeKJIIO'IaIOlD;ee CKOpOCTL TpaOCnOpTepa C pa60'lei oa AOBOAO'l0YIO H OCT80aBJIU-
BaIOlD;ee TpaOCOOpTep BO BpeMJI pesa.
PaspesaooaJl TKaOL nOCTYoaeT oa opoMemyTO'l0YIO I II U XBOCTOSYIO IV ceK-
D;DD MamUOM, opep;CTaBJIJlIOII\Be c060ii OOM'IBhle MOOrOJIeOTO'lOhle TpaocoopTephl,
CTaOHOM KOTOphlX BMOOJIOeOM cBapoMMu HS opoKaTa. .
,D;JIBOa opoMemyTo'looii CeKI\UH III COCTaBJIHeT 2500 MM U MomeT (DO Tpe60-
BaBDIO SaKaS'lUKa) opu OOCTaBKe HCKJIIO'IaTLCJI Ha KOMOJIeKTa MamHOM. n03TOMY
arperaTM 180-01 B 180-01A MorYT OMTL OOCTaBJIeOM B P;BYX BapHaOTaX: OOpMaJiLOOM
U yKopO'leBBOM Ha 2500 MM. B KooD;e XBOCTOBOi ceKD;BB, oa paCCTOJlOUU 350 MM
OT OCH Bep;OMoro 6apa6aoa 20 TpaocoopTepa, YCTaOOBJIeO KooD;eBoii BbIKJIIO'IaTeJIL 18
(CM. pBC. 8.12) C AaT1lJilKOM 19. Ha30a'leoue BMKJIIO'IaTeJIJI - aBTOMaTU'IeCKH'
481<
37S
280
1 4
,-
6 7
8
3
PRC. 8.15. Kap8TK8 ):{RCKOBoro soma ropoaoBTaJIbBOi ABarOB8JILSo-peSaTeJIbHOB MamBHLI
APM-586-8:
1 - HmKRBIT Hopnyc; 2 - BepxaBit Hopnyc; 8 - npummHIUIII aaHpeUJlellBR Qenu; 4 - DIBeJJJJep nBaroaanu;
5 - mapHHonOJUDBDIIHR; 6,8 - pOJlRl<R, 'I - OCE>; 9 - ,llBCHOBHa aO)l(; 10 - MeRTJ)01!.BBI'8TeJJh npHBOna
aO)l(a; 11 - nep)l(8BH8; 12 - Jl8nR8; 18 - aanpaBJlJlJOIQ8JI nonoca; 14 - orplUKlleBHe HO)l(a.
OCT
OaBJIUBaTL TpaOCOOpTep MamuohI, eCJIH TpaOCOOpTep OepeDOJIOeO H oap; AaT-
'IHKOM oaXOAHTCH OTpesaooaH OOJIOca TKaou.
OAOUM HS Baameiimux YSJIOB AHarOHaJiLOo-peaaTeJILOoii MamUHM JlBJIJleTCH
AHarOOaJIL, DO KOTOpoii ABumeTCJI KapeTKa C P;UCKOBMM oomOM (puc. 8.14). PaMa 1
BbInOJIOeHa H3 mBeJIJIepOB, coep;HoeOOMX DO KOOl\aM KOChlOKaMH DPB DOMO
H
CBapKB. Ha Koo
ax ABarOHaJiU YCTaOOBJIeOM npHBOp;OaJl SBeSAO'lKa 11 B OaTH)I,OaH
3BeSAO'lKa 3, a TaKil,e OaOpaBJIJlIOlI\ue SBe3AO'lKB 2 H 12, no lWTOpLlM ABBmeTCJI
DJiaCTHO'laTaJl D;eOL 7 C marOM t = 12,5 MM, DpHBOAJI
aJl B p;BHmeHBe KapeTKY 6.
3Be3AO'lKa 11 OpUBOAHTCH B ABumeoue OT 3JIeKTpop;BuraTeJIJl14 'Iepes peAYKTOp 15,
mKHB 13, maTYH 10 H 3Y6'1aTYIO peiiKY 9. nOCJIeAHJlH BpalD;aeT 3Be3AO'lKY 11 'Iepea
meCTepoIO, OaXOp;HII\YIOCJI B 3al\eOJIeOUH C peiiKoii. RpHBomHooo-maTYlIoMH
MexaOU3M OOeCOe'lHBaeT oepeABHmeHHe KapeTKH 6 oooepeMeHOO B ooa Koo
a
ABarOHaJlB, DpU 3TOM paspe3aeTCJI DOAaBaeMaJl TpaHcoopTepoM TKaOL.
Pacl,paBBaeMaH TKaOL ABH)KeTCH DO CTOJIy cpcAoeii CeKI\HU MamBOhl If B MeCTa
opoxoAa OOA p;HarOOaJILIO Dop;OBMaeTCJI CTaJiLOOB OaDpaBJIHIO
eii JIeoToii 5, DO
KOTOpoi CKOJIb3HT JIaDKa 21 KapeTKH 6 BO BpeMJI pe3a. Ha KpoomTeiioe 20 CMOOTU-
pOBaB OpHBOA OOBopOTBoro MeXaBUSl\1a ABarOBaJiH - 3JIeKTpOABUraTeJIL 18 H pe-
P;yKTOp 19. Rooel\ ):{HarOOaJIH OOHpaeTCJI pOJIBKOM 16 oa OaOpaBJIHIOII\YIO OOJIOCY 17,
DO KOTOpoii pOJIHK DepeKaTLlBaeTCH OpH OOBopOTe p;HarOOaJIH.
16* 243
"
s
lJ
1
8
'J
------ 10
---:; "
IZ
''I
PUC. 8.16. PacRaTO'IBIoIi CT8IIOK PT-3:
1 - CTaBltBa; 2 - BepURR Jma'l'llloPMa: 8 - eaelCTPOABIII'aT8Jl&; 4 - lUDtRopell8BR811 aepeAaqa: IS - Pe.IIYR-
TOP; 6 - MY4iTa BHmoqeRUR; 'I - paMa KapeTIIII: 8 - BeP:mnI' BaJIRlCIHapeTlIR: 9 - pee'l1hd: MeX8BR8M pery-
JIJIPOBaBRR BbiCOTN DJlaTCjloplllol: 10 - aaoHpaJOlQee 'YCTPOltCTBO: 11 -1II11KIIIdt BaJIRIC RapeTllR: 16 - OCHOBa-
RUe KapeTIIII: 18 - O()OTBBOUapllltBoe YCTpOItCTBO: 14 - DJlaTCjloplla: 15 - CTOltRa; 16 - HOBQeJIOlt BblJUllC)qa-
Temt.
Iii
...
..."
..
s:>.
il
i
e.$
s:>.
I
<::>
...
..'"
:t.
"':zI
h
Ii
:2
...,;
I::
1&
liS.
III
...'"
...g:
.,;i
..I
=..
Oil
;; .
lig!
I;
... Iii
':1 Ii
"00=
........1:;
f..
II"..
..g;;
([fill
I'2og
.;.;..!!
ra
Q)
i
os:>...
=",1..
Q Ill.. .
i a::
=- "..
f-< 1'20111
!U
8 111 1
If:l
= I
"'"
Q "10...
'" "'"
Q.. ei..
.:liiIO:II
00 1 m!.
. - ,
Q ...;
..:-g-
<t'
....
....
....
....
ArperaT 180-01 npep;BaaBa'leB P;JIJI paCKpOJl TKaBeB, oop;aBaeMLlX B PYJIOBax.
011 OTJIB'laeTCJI OT OUDcaBBoro Bhlme arperaTa 180-01A paCKaTO'lBhlM YCTPOBCTBOM.
BMecTo paCKaTO'lBhlX CTaBKOB PT
3 OpOMeBJleTCJI paCKaTO'lBOe YCTPOBCTBO 950-01,
COCTOJl
ee oa paCKaTO'lBOB CTOBKO, P;BYX OpBBOP;OB 0 P;BYX TeJIemeK P;JIJI yCTaooBKO
PYJIOBOB C 06peaoBeBBoB TRaBLIO. C OABOB TeJIemKO opooaBOp;OTCJI OOTaBHe Bepx-
Bero opoeMBoro TpaHCOOpTepa, C p;pyroB - BomBero.
PaCKaTO'lBOe YCTPOBCTBO 950
01 OOKaaaBO Ba pOC. 8.17. PaCKaTO'lBaJi cToiiKa
opep;CTaBJIHeT c060ii MeTaJIJIOKOBCTPYK
IO Ba 'IeTLlpex ooopax (cToBKax). Ha
cToib(ax 1 yCTaBOBJIeBLI BaOpaBJIJlIO
He pOJIOKH 2, 3, 4, 5 P;JIJI opoeMa TKaBO
C OepBO:D: TeJIemKO 21. TeJIemKO BKaTLlBaIOTCJI Ba peJiLCLI 17, ox OOJIOmeBOe cIIoK-
cBpyeTcJI TJlraMO 6, iii OBO OOp;KJIIO'IaIOTCJI MY4ITaMo CD;eOJIeBOJl K opHBop;aM 7
1114. llOCJIep;BOe COCTOJIT oa 3JIeKTpOp;BOraTeJIeB 19 0 22, KJIOBOpeMeBBLlX 0 D;eOBLlX
oepep;a'l, KOTopIoIe nepep;aIOT p;BomeBoe OpOBOP;BLlM BaJIOKaM 8 0 15 TeJIemeK.
Ha 3TO BaJIOKO aaKaTLlBaeTCJI OpOKJIap;Ka C PYJIOBOB 16, 20, npo 3TOM OOp;aeTCJI
06peaoBeBBaJl TKaBL Ba KOMoeBcaTOp. PaCK aTKa TKaBIiI co BTOpOB TeJIemKH 18
opooaBOp;OTCJI OpOBOP;OM 14, a oop;a'la ee Ba KOMoeBcaTOp 0 K opoeMBOMY TpaBCOOp-
Tepy peaaTeJILBOB MamOBLI - DO JIeBT01lBOMY TpaBcoopTepy 10. llpHBOP; TpaBCIIOp-
Tepa 10 OCYII\eCTBJIJleTCJI OT opOBop;a 14 'Iepea D;eDBLle oepep;a'lH. Home opOBep;eBa
TeXBB'leCKaJl xapaKTepOCTDKa paCKaTO'lBOrO YCTpoiicTBa 950-01:
MaRCJlM8JIIoBaJi umpuBa TRauu, MM, ........ 1650
MaRCBMaJIIom.rii: AUaMeTp PYJlOBa TRaUR C npoRJIllARoB,
aanpaBJIJleMOrO B TeJIe)l(J(Y, MM ....... 820
qHCJIO TeJIeJICeR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
CROpOCTIo ABHJlCeBUJI TKaBU npu pacRaTRe, M/MHB 46,5
MO
BOCTIo 9JIeRTpOABUraTeJIJI DpHBoAa, RBT 5,8/4
fa6apuTBiole pasMeplol, MM
AJlUHa . 4100
mupuBa 3275
B:LICOTa ....... 2940
Macea, T . . . . . . . . . 4,51
, ABaJIOrO'lBLle ropOaOBTaJILBLle p;OarOBaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBLle MamOBLI C OOJIY-
aBTOMaTB'leCKOM o. aBTOMaTO'leCKOM yopaBJIeBHeM P;JIJI paCKpOJl opopeaoBeBBLlx
TRaBeB 0 TeKCTOJILBOrO Kopp;a npOOaBOp;JlT H aapy6emHLte cIIHpMLI «HeBmeBeJi
Pa66ep MamllBepB) (CillA), «A. Bpop;m) (ABrJIOJl), «BepcToPcllcll) (cDpr).
B OOCJIep;BOe rop;hl BeKOTopLle aapy6emBLle cIIopMLI Ba'laJIO BLlOYCKaTL peaa-
TeJILBLle MamOBLI, cBa6meBBLle C'IeTBO-pemaIOII\HM YCTpoiicTBOM P;JIJI aBTOMaTB-
'IeCKOrO ynpaBJIeBOJl DO aap;aBBoii oporpaMMe.
-BepTOKaJILBLle p;OarOBaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBLle Ma-
mOB L1. HapJlp;y C ropOaOBTaJILBLlMO p;HarOBaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBLIMO MamOBaMO pJlP;
DBOCTpaBBLlX cIIopM BLloyCKaeT BepTJilKaJILBLle MamllBLI. 06L1'IB0 TaKoe MamllBLI
pa60TaIOT B arperaTe C paCKaTO'lBLlM YCTpO:D:CTBOM, KOMoeBcaTopOM, OOp;aIOII\HMD
H OpOeMHLtMO MexaBoaMaMO. BepTOKaJILBLle MamDBLI aBa'lOTeJILBO YCTyoaIOT DO
TO'lBOCTB paCKpOJl ropOaOBTaJILBLlM MamOBaM (:!:5% OT aap;aBBoro paaMepa),
XOTII 0 JlBJIIlIOTCJI 60JIee opOlIaBOAOTeJILBLlMH. KpoMe Toro, oT60p BapeaaBHLtX
OOJIOC TKaBO OT BepTOKaJILBOB MamOBLI CJIOmBee, 'IeM OT ropHaOBTaJiLBOB. llpo-
MeBeBHe BepTOKaJILHLtX MamOB MomeT B OTp;eJILBLlX CJIyqaJlx 6h1TL oopaBp;aBo opo
Bep;OCTaTKe opOOaBOp;CTBeBBLlX OJIO
ap;eB. OTe'leCTBeBBOB OpOMLlmJIeBBOCTLIO
BepTBKaJILBLle MamOBLI Be BLIDYCKaIOTCJI.
8.3.4. MawHHbI AnH peaKH o6peaHHeHHoro
MeTannOKOPAa
llpo Be60JILmOM pacxop;e 06peaoBeBBoro MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a ero paCKpaOBaIOT
BpyqBYIO opo OOMOJD;ll B06poBomBoD;, opo MaCCOBOM opOOaBOp;CTBe - Ba arperaTaX,
B COCTaB KOTOpLlX BXOP;JlT ropHaOBTaJILBLle p;OarOBaJiLBO-peaaTeJILBLle MamOBLI.
247
BB6pooo)I(B
w. AJIJI paCKpOJl MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a BCnOJILayroTCJI 3JIeKTpB'IeCKHe
HJIB, OOeBMaTB'IeCKHe BB6pooOmOHD;L1. BamueiimBMB 'IaCTJlM1I 3JIeKTpB'leCKBX
BB6pooOmOBD; JlBJIIlIOTCJI: KOPOYC, 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIL, peP;YKTOp, BeOTBJIJlTOp,
cIIBJILTp, BepXOBB B OBmHBB oomB. MO
OOCTL 3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIJI 0,4 KBT, 'IaCTOTa
Bpa
eHHJI 12 500 06/MHO. BeOTBJIIITOP opeABaaoa'leo P;JIJI OXJIamp;eOIilJl BomOBD;.
cI>BJILTp opep;OTBpa
aeT OOMeXB pap;BoopHeMa. Pep;YKTOp, JlBJIJlJlCL oepep;8TO''IOLlM
MexaHBaMOM Memp;y 3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIePtf H oop;BBmOLlM BepXOHM OOmO'M BB6po-
oomOHD;, cooo
aeT OOCJIep;oeMY 1550 P;BOBHMX XOP;OB B MHOyTY.
noeBMaTB'IeCKBe BB6pooOmOBD;L1 YCTpoeoLl TaK me, KaK H 3JIeKTpOBB6pooom-
OBD;L1, C Toii paaoBD;eB, 'ITO p;BBmeOBe BepxoeMY oomy nepep;aeTCJI OT Boap;ymooB
Typ6HOLl, OpBBOP;BMOB B p;BHmeOBe cmaTLlM BoaAyxOM AaBJIeOBeM 0,5-0,6 Mna.
,naarooaJILBo-pe8aTeJIbOWe arperaTW AJVI oope3HoeoBoro MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a. AJIJI
paCKpOJl MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a B OTe'leCTBeOOOH WBOBOii npOMLlmJIeOOOCTB OpBMeOJlIOTCR
ABarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJILOLlii arperaT 586-7 AJIJI paCKpOJl Kopp;a OOP; yrJIOM 0-60 0
B arperaT 586-5 P;JIJI paCKpOJl OOP; yrJIOM 68-78 0 K oepoeop;BKYJISPy R OaOpaBJIeOHIO
OBTeB MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a. ArperaT 586-7 BLloycKaeTcJI oa 6aae p;BarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJIL-
OOB MamHOLl APMM-0-60, a arperaT 586-5 - oa 6aae MamHOLl ,D;PMM-60-80
BJIB Apr-63.
ABarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJILOLle MamBOLl AJIJI paCKpOJl MeTaJIJIOKop,aa 30a'lHTeJILOO
OTJIH'IaIOTCJI OT AHarOHaJiLOO-peSaTeJILHLlX MamBB, opBMeoseMLlX P;JIJI paCK pOll
TeKCTBJILOOrO Kopp;a, rJIaBHLlM 06paaOM DO KOOCTPyKD;BH oomeB H Bcero pemy
ero
YCTpOBCTBa, a TaKme TpaHcoopTepoB.
PemYll\ee YCTPOBCTBO (pBC. 8.18) DO opBoD;Bny p;eBCTBBJI aOaJIOrB'IOO OAOOMY
Ba TBOOB oomoBD; AJIII peaKH JIBCTOBOro MeTaJIJI8. 000 BKJIIO'IaeT B ceoJl OBmOBii
oeOOABBmOLlB oom 2, opllKpenJIeOOLlB K oomeBoB 6aJIKe 1, B BepxoBB P;BCKOBLIH
oom 3. YCTaOOBJIeHOLJii Ha KapeTKe 6, KOTopall oepeMe
aeTCJI DO
BJIBOp;pB'leCKOH
OaOpaBJIIlIO
eB 5 OT 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 'Iepea I\eooyIO oepep;a'lY. PeaRa MaTepBaJia
opOBaBOp;HTCJI OpH DocTynaTeJILOOM B BoaBpaTHOM xOAe KapeTKB, OpH 3TOM P;BCKO-
BLIB oom Bpa
aeTCJI He OT 3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIII, a CB060ABO. C 06eBx CTOpOO oaopa-
B1JJlIOII\eB 5 BMeIOTCJI KOOe'lOLle BLlKJIIO'IaTeJIB P;JIJI aBTOMaTB'IeCKOrO OCTaHOBa
KapeTKB. Bo BpeMJI peaKB KOpP; npHamMaeTCS K oomeBOB 6aJIKe opHmBMOPtf 8,
KOTOpLlB OpHBOP;HTCJI B p;eUCTBBe OT OOeBPtfOD;BJIHBP;pOB 7. AJIJI 06eCOe'leOBJI TO'lHOrO
paCKpOJl Kopp;a P;BCKOBLIB Hom 3 nOCTOlIlIHO opHmUMaeTCJI K oumHeMY oeoOA-
BHmOOMY oomy 2 OpH DOMO
B CMOHTHpOBaOHoro oa KapeTKe aMopTBaaTopa 4.
Ha COBpeMeOOLlX 06paaD;ax sapY6emHLlX p;BarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJILOLlX MaWBO
H oa OTe'leCTBeOOLlX PtfaWBHax OOCJIeAHerO BLloycKa pacKpoB MeTaJIJIOROpp;a DpOBa-
BOP;BTCJI aBTOMaTH'IeCKB.
Hoorp;a 'ABarOHaJiLOO-peSaTeJILOLle MaWHObI P;JIJI paCKPO'II MeTaJIJIOKOPAa
pa60TaIOT B OOT01JHLIX JIHHHSX, B KOTOpLiX OOMBMO paCKaTO'lOLlX B 8aKaTO'lOLlX
CTaOKOB C KOMneocaTopaMH B OOTOKe yCTaOaBJIBBaIOTCJI CTaOOR P;JIIJ CTbIKOBKU
aaKpoeOOLlX nOJIOC KOPAa H KaJIaOp;p p;ns B30JIJlD;JiID KpOMOK CTLlKOB800bIX nOJIOc.
3'rH OOTO'lOLle JIBOHH ooucaoLl B rJI. 9, 003TOMY B oaCTOH
eM pa3,l.{eJIe Dpno,rpITcJI
TOJILKO ooucaOHe AHarOOaJIbOO-peaaTeJILObIX MamUH, BXOP;JI
BX B JIHOBB.
Mannma APMM-0-60 (pHC. 8.19, CM. BKJIeiiKy B KooD;e KHurH) COCTOBT
BS CBapOOB paMLI 6, BfdnO'JIHeBOoii HS CTaJILOOrO npOKaTa, oa KOTOpoii MOOTHPYIOTCJI
Bce OCOOBOLle YSJlM; OCOOBOLlMD Y3JIaMH JlBJIJlIOTCS: YCTpoiicTBO p;n» oacTpoBKH
yrJIa paCKpOJl, npHBO)J; H MexaBuaM OO)J;aIO
ero YCTpoiicTBa, pemYll\ee YCTpoiicTBO,
oOABH)K8oii CTOJI C Oepe,l.{afO
HM YCTpoiicTBOM B OT60PO'loLIii TpaocoopTep. MawuBa '
paCC1JHTaOa oa pacKpoH KOPAa oop; yr JIaMH OT 0 p;o 60 0 .
HacTpoiiKa yrJIa paCKPO'JI ocy
eCTBJ1aeTCJI nOBopOTOM OaJIRU pemYlD;ero
YCTpoHcTBa oa OeooxOP;HMLlH yrOJi. nOBOpOT OpOB3BO,l.{HTCJI OpH OO'MO
H 31JeKTpo,
p;BBraTeJIJI 15 MO
OOCTbfO 2,7 KBT H 'IaCTOToii Bpa
eOHJI 900 OO/MHB 'Iepea 'Iep-
BJI'lBLlH pe)J;YKTO'P 16 MapKH PQH-tOO-38 H D;eOHYIO oepep;3'lY, OpHBOp;JI
yIO B P;BB-
meOBe xop;oBoii BBOT 21, DO' KOTOpOMy oepeMe
aeTCIJ Bape30as raiiKa 6aJIKR Iie-
248
my
ero YCTpOBCTBa. CUOXpOBBO C OOBOpOTOM 6aJIKB pemy
ero YCTpOBCTBa oepe-
Mell\8IOTClI II KapeTKB 1 P;JIJI OT
eJILBLlX JIeOT JIeOTO'lOOrO TpaocoopTepa, cJIymall\ero
JIJI OOp;a'lH MeTaJIJIOKOpp;Ooro OOJIOToa. llepep;BBmeoHe KapeTOK opoHaBop;BTcH
XOP;OBLIMIiI BHOTaMB 'Ie pea KOOO1J:eCKHe napLI ay6'1aTLIx KOJIec. OOJIyqaIO
Bx Bpa-
eolile OT opRBop;a MexaOHaMa OOBOpOTa 6aJIKB 'Iepe3 CBCTeMY aBeap;O'leK 14 B D;en-
UYIO nepep;8'1Y. MamBO a Bl\feeT ceML nOp;BH)KOhlX KapeTOK 1 AJIJI Kamp;oB
eOTLI
8
Poco 8.18. CxeMa pe)l(
ero YCTpoicTBa AHarOOaJlbOo-peaaTeJIbooii: MamBBIol AJIII MeT8mro-
ROPAa:
1 - HomeBali (iaJIl<a; 2 - ueno.llBumwdi Hom; 3 - ;J.RCKOBYit Hom; 4 - aMOpTH3aTOp; I) - ItRnBH.l\PnecK811
HanpaBJJJIIOII(U; 6 - KapeTl<a; 7 - nHeBMOIQlJUlHJI,p; 8 - npulfQIM.
JIeOTO'lBOrO TpaocoopTepa 2. llInpHHa JIeOTbI TpaocoopTepa 100 MM. Xop;OBhle
BBHThI B KOOB'IeCKHe meCTepOH BL1DOJIHIlIOTCJI H3 CTaJiH 40X.
lloAa'la paapeaaeMoro MeTaJIJIOKOPAOOro OOJIOTOa K pemy
eMy YCTPOBCTBY
OCym;eCTBJIJleTCJI MeXaOH3MOM Oop;a'lll. llOJIOTHO C KOMoeOCaTOpa oocTyoaeT oa
nOAaIO
Bii TpaOCOOpTep H 0POXOAlfT DOll. opBmBMHOB KapeTKoii 3 MexaOBaM8 00-
Aa'lll. )J.BHmeoBe npBmHMooB KapeTKB 3 OCYII\eCTBJIJleTCJI OT 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 7
'Ie pea KJIIIOOpeMeooyIO oepep;a'lY 8, peAYKTOp 9 H KpHBomHUBo-maTyooLIB Me-
xaBHaM 12, 13.
249
B HCXOP;OOM OOJIOmeOOO KapeTKa 3 OOp;aIOlI\erO YCTpOBCTBa oaXOAHTCJI Y CBoero
Kpaiioero opaBoro OOJIOmeOHJI. IIpHmHl\'1 KapeTKH OOAa'lH oop; p;eBCTBHeM ooeBMO-
JIHOP;pOB aaXBaTLlBaeT OOJIOTOO BMeCTe C TpaocoopTepOLlMO JIeOTaMD 2. IIpJl
BKJIIO'IeODH MexaOHaMa oOAa'lo KpOBOmHn 12 OOBOpa'lHBaeTCH 0 maTyBOM 18
oepeMe
aeT KapeTKy 3 B KpaBoee opaBoe OOJIO)f(eHOe, DpO 3TOM aBTOMaTD'leCK1t
oCBooomAaeTclI OOJIOTOO, aamaToe B opHmOMax pemYlI\ero YCTpOBCTBa. IIpH p;aJIL-
OeHmeM OOBopOTe RplIBomooa KapeTKa oop;aIOlI\erO YCTpOBCTBa BMeCTe C aamaTLlJIf
OOJIOTBOM 0 TpaHCOOpTepObIMH JIeOTaMO DepeMelD;aeTCJI B CTOPOOY pemYll\ero YCTpOBJ
CTBa, oop;aBaH P;JIJI paCK pOll OOJIOCY OOJIOTHa. nop;a'la perYJIOPyeTCJI oYTeM oaMeoa-
OHII pap;oyca KpHBomHoa MeX80H'IeCKOB oaCTpOBKH OpH OOMOII\O BOHTa.
npo p;OCTBmeHHH KapeTKOB OOp;a'lH Kpaiioero JIeBOrO OOJIomeOOJl BKJIIO'IaIOTCJI
aBT6MaTB'IeCKH OpHmBMLJ pemYll\ero yCTpOBCTBa, DOCJIe 'Iero opHmHM KapeTKH
oop;a'lo oCB060mp;aeT aamaToe OOJIOTHO, H KapeTKa OOp;a'lH COBepmaeT XOJIOCTOB
XO}J; - OepeMell\aeTCII BnpaBO P;JIH aaXBaT8 OOBOB OOJIOCLI OOJIOToa. B 3TO .peMJI
HOmeBaJl KapeTKa pemy
ero YCTpOBCTBa, oepeMe
aJlCL Bp;OJIL 6aJIKH, OTpeaaeT
OOJIOcy MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a. B D;eJIJlx opep;OTBpall\eOHJI BoaMomooro nepeKoca KapeTKH
00P;3'11i1 OpH oepeMe
eoHH BP;OJIL paMLI DO 06e CTOpORLI TpaocnopTepa OOAa'lH
HMeIOTCJI OaOpaBJIliIIOII\Oe 4, DO KOTOpLlM 0 OepeMell\aeTCJI KapeTKa 3. 3TO oanpa-
BJIJlIOII\He ay6'1aTLlMH peiiKaMH BXOP;JlT B aaD;enJIeOHe C meCTepBJIMJI, paCDOJIOmeO-
ObIM1!I no 06e CTOpOHLI KapCTKH, 'ITO OCKJIIO'IaeT oepeKOC KapeTKH 0 oop;aaaeMoii
TKaOJl.
PemYlI\ee YCTPOBCTRO, KaK yKaaLlBaJIOCL BLlme, oa'looaeT pacRpoB MaTepHaJia
OOCJIe BKJIIO'IeOOJl opomOMOB pemYll\ero YCTpOBCTBa. HomeBaJil KapeTKa Oa'lDBaeT
OepeMell\aTLCJI BP;OJlL 6aJIKH pemYlI\ero YCTpOBCTBa, ocyll\eCTBJIJIJI ,acKpoii OOJIOTHa.
B KOHD;e xop;a ORa aBTOMaTO'leCKO OCTaHaBJIOBaeTCJI OOP; AeBCTBOeM KOHe'lOOrO
BLlKJIIO'IaTeJIJI.
PaCKpOB MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a OCYlI\eCTBJIJleTCII COCTeMOB ABYX oomeii. 0p;DB, OJIOCIUtR
o Heoop;BHmOLlii, aaKpeOJleO B oomeBoii 6aJIKe; Bp;OJIL oeOOp;BOmHOrO ooma oepe-
Me
aeTCJI P;OCKOBLIB Hom, Bpall\aIOII\HBCJI CB060p;a0 oa OCO oepeMell\aIOlI\eBCJI
J\apeTKH. 06a ooma COBMeCTOO p;eBCTBYIOT KaK oomHOD;L1. HomeBaJl KapeTKa OPB-
BOP;OTCJI B p;BHmeooe OT 3JIeKTpOABOraTeJIH 18 'Iepea D;eooyIO oepep;a'lY. HaMeoeoHe
OanpaBJIeOHJI p;BOmeOOJl oomeBoii KapeTKO oCYII\ecTBJIJleTCII 3JIeKTpOMaramohIMH
MycllTaMH.
Ha 6aJIKe pemYlI\ero YCTpoBcTBa paCOOJIomeOO OpHmHMOOe yCTpoiicTBO ooeBMa-
TO'leCKOrO p;eiicTBHJI, aamOMaIOlI\ee paapeaaeMoe OOJIOTHO B MOMeOT peaa. npHmBM-
ooe YCTPOBCTBO opOOaBOp;BT aamHM OOJIOTOa opo OOMOII\H 'IeTLlpeX ooeBMOD;HJIHOP;-
pOB C oopmoeM p;u8MeTpOM 40 MM.
1l0cJIe OCTaOOBa oomeBoB KapeTKo B KOOD;e peaa aBTOMaTB'IeCKH OTKJIIO'IaeTCJI
opomBMOoe YCTPOBCTBO pemYll\ero MexaooaMa, 0 OTpe8aOOaJl OOJIOca MeTaJIJIO-
Kopp;a, paCDOJIOmeOHaJl B MOMeOT peaa oa OOABomOOM CTOJIe 20, oepeMell\aeTCJI
OOCJIep;OOM K OT60pO'lHOMY TpaocoopTepy 23 0 c6pacLlBaeTcJI MexaOHaMOM c6poca
Ra JIeOTO'lOLlB TpaocnopTep 23 P;JIJI OOp;a'lH nOJIOCLI K CTLlKOBO'lOOMY cTaoKy.
nepeMelD;eooe CTOJIa B OpHBOP; MexaooaMa c6poca OCYlI\eCTBJlJleTCJI ooeBMOD;H-
JIDBP;pOM 22. B08BpaT CTOJIa B Hcxop;aoe 00JI01lCeOHe Op008BOP;OTCH npymHooii Mexa-
ooaMa BOaBpaTa. OT60pO'lOLlii TpaocoopTep 23 caMOCTOJITeJILOOrO opOBOAa oe HMeeT;
OpOBOP;OTCJI B p;BomCOHe
eoooB oepep;a'leii OT KaJIaOp;pa OaOJIJlD;HD KpOMKH.
IIPOBOP;ROii oapa6ao TpaocoopTepa cp;eJIao pa8p;BOmOhIM, 'ITO nOaBOJIJleT
CHoxpOHHaHpOBaTL JIHoeiioylO CKOpOCTL TpaocoopTepa co CKOpOCTLIO oT60pa
COCTLlKOBaOOLlX aarOTOBOK B KOMoeocaTOp.
MamHoa MomeT pa60TaTL KaK B OOTO'lOOB aBTOMaTll'leCKOii JlOOOH, TaK 0 oa
OTp;eJILOLlX OOepaD;HJlX. Bce yopaBJIeOOe MamHBoii COCpe,ll;OTO'leOO oa oyJILTe
ynpaBJIeOHJI.
IIpOO
OHaJiLOall cxeMa aapy6emooii peaaTeJILOOB MaIDlIHLI P;JIJI MeTaJJJIO-
Kopp;a OOKaaaoa oa pOC. 8.20. PemYlI\ee YCTPOBCTBO 7 oaXOp;HTCJI aa OO,!l;aIOIl(HM
250
TpaocnopTepOM 5. OTpesaBBLle OOJIOCbI MeTaJIJIOKOpp;a opHBBMaIOTCII aa KOSbI-
peK 8 YCTpoiicTBa 9 P;JIJI aBTOMaTB'leCKOrO oT60pa B OOp;aIOTCJI K SaKaTO'IBOMY
CTaOKY 10.
TeXOH'IeCKaJl xapaKTepHCTBKa p;BarOOaJILOO-peSaTeJILBLlX MamllB P;JIJI MeTaJIJlO-
Kopp;a, BLloycRaeMLlx OTe'leCTBeOHLtPtfH aaBOAaMB, npBBep;eoa B TaOJI. 8.2.
Ta6AU/fa 8.2. TeXBll'lecRall xapaJCTepBCTBRa
aroBanBo-peaaTeJIbB"x MamHR
JIII paCRpoll lIeTaUOROp
a, BYOYCRaellfblx ore'lecTBeBBY_ aaBo
a...
PaspesaeMoe DOJIOTBO
.' Me'laJlJIOKOp
a, 101
lIau60JlbmaR IDIIpDBa
Bau60JIbmali 'lO
II-
sa . . . . . . . . .
Yron pacKpoll, rpa,vcloI
mUpBBa oTpeaaeMiolx Bo-
noc, 101M
HaKCJlMaJIbBall . . .
IoIUBDMaJIbBali ...
'IucJlo
BoiiBIolX XOAOB
DOAaIOm;eii KapeTKIl B
1101I1B........
'tIuCJIO pesoB B 1 MUll
CKOpOCTb ABumeBDIi uo-
7KeBoii KapeTKU, M/M1lIU
3JJeKTpOABnraTeJIB DPB-
Bo.w;a .
KapeTKD uoma TUD
MOm;UOCTb, KBT
'1aCTOTa Bpam;e-
UUII, 06/MJ/JU . .
DOAaIOm;eii KapeTKB
TUB. . . . . .
Mom;UOCTb, KBT
1JaCTOTa Bpam;e-
DII, 06/MUB
MexaBusMa BaCTpOBKD
BeJIB1JDBIol Uo
a'1B
TUU . . . . . .
MOm;UOCTb, KBT
1JaCTOTa Bpam;e-
BUH, 06/MUB . .
MexaUD3Ma nOBOpOTa
AHarOUaJIB
TUB. . . . . .
MOIl\BOCTb. RBT
'1aCTOTa npam;e-
BUH, o6/MDU . .
ra6apuTBbIe pasMeplol. 11M
JIBBa .
mupuua
BLlcOTa
Macca. T
252
fl86-'1 I fl68-fl.
(,I(PMM-O-60) (,I(PMM-60-80)
1500
2.5 :t 0.5
0-62
1000
35
15
5
30
AOC-41-4
1.7
1300
AOC-41-4
1.7
1300
T51/t6-4
2
0,55/3.5
340/1400
AOC-42-4
2,8
1300
12 000
4460
2400
9.8
600
2,5 :t 0.5
60-SO
1000
S5
15
3,5-6.6
30
A0C2-22-4
2
1.6
1300
AOC2-31-4
2
3
1365
T51/16-4
2
0.55/3.5
340/1460
AOC-31-4
2
3
1365
10325
3100
1735
7,71
JlT-11f19
800
3
0-60
1000
35
22
7..-8
54
AOC2-31-4
2
2,2
1430
AOC2-42-4
2
2.7
900
T51/6-4
2
0,55/3.5
340/1400
A0C2-31-4
2
3
1365
8800
4000
1680
8.2
JilT-it 5 ,
800
3
60-80
1000
35
22
,
54
AOC2-31-4
2
3
1365
AOC2-82-6G1A
2.7
900
T51/6-4
2
0.55/3,5
340/1.460
A0C2-31-4
2
3
i365 .
10800
4700
1680
10.53
8.3.5. npOH3BoAHTenbHocTb pe3aTenbHblX MaWHH
npOBSBOp;HTeJILOOCTL p;BarOOaJILOO-peaaTeJILHLtX MamBO saBBCHT OT CKOpOCTH
peSKB ('IIiICJIa peSOB B 1 MIDI) H CKOpOCTH OOp;a'lH TKaOB. CKOpOCTL peSKH oopep;e-
JIJleTCJI mBpHBoi OTpesaeMLlX OOJIOC TKaOH. rOpB300TaJiLOall MamBoa, oaopHMep,
MOmeT p;enaTL p;o 25 pesoB/MBO DPH mHpllBe OTpesaeMLlX OOJIOC P;O 1100 MM B p;o
18 pesoB/MIIB OpB paCKpoe TKaOH oa 60JIee IDBpOKBe nOJIochI. npaKTH'leCKH opo-
BSBOAHTeJILOOCTL MamHOLl MeOlome, TaK KaK ooa saBBCHT OT CKOpOCTH oT60pa
oapesaeMLlX OOJIOC. I
,D;JIII oopep;eJIeOBH oe06xop;BMoro 'IBCJIa peSaTeJILOLlX MamBO Q nOJILSYIOTCJI
CJIeAYIO
ei 4JoPMYJIoi:
Q
p
n . 1460 . 1)
r
e P - BOTpe6Boe 1JBCJIO BOJlGe (peaOB) B CYTKB; n - DpOBSBOABTeJIloBOCTIo MaDlBBlol (1JIICJIO'
peaOB) B 1 MBB; 1460 - ROJIB"IeCTBO pa601JBX MBBYT B CyTKB; 1) - Ro3lW>
BeBT BCDOJlLSOBaBBIi
MaDBIBBOrO BpeMeBB, paBBWi 0,9-0,95.
8.4. 3AKA TOLlHblE CT AHKH
,D;JIJI oT60pa OOJIOC TKaOH OT peSaTeJILOLlX MamDB OpBMeOJlIOTCJI SaKaTO'lBLle
CTaOKH pasJIB'looi KOOCTpyKD;HB. 3aBop; cKysDOJIHMepMam» BLloycKaeT 3aKaTO
HLte
CTaOKB HPO-1612 B HPO-1720.
3aHaTo
oLli CTaOOK HPO-1612 opep;oasoa'leo P;JIJI saKaTKB pacKpoeooLlx
TKaoel. 3TOT CTaOOK OpOCT DO YCTpoiicTBY H yp;ooeo B 3KCOJIyaTaD;HH. 00 COOO'OBT
HS Tpex 'IacTeii: CTOJIa, paCKaTO'looi CTOBKB H opBBop;a. CTaOOK 06CJIymBBaeTCJI
P;By:MliI pa60'IHMH. HBme opBBeAeoa TeXOB'leCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa CTaOKa HPO-1612:.
MaRCRMaJIIoR811 mBpBBa TRaBII, M .
PaaMeplol 606HBIoI, MM
D;BaMeTp . . . . . . . . . .
,ll;JIBBa . . . . . . . . . . .
ABaMeTp PYJIOBa TRan, MM .
Hau60JILDIali ,ll;JlBRa saRaTIolBaeMOH
TRaUB, M. . . . . . . . .
CROpOCTIo SaRaTRB, M/MJIB
MO
UOCTIo 3JIeRTpOABlU"aTeJlII, RBT
ra6apBTBiole paSMeplol, MM
,ll;JIBBa .
mBpHBa
BIoiCOTa
Macca, Rr
1550
200
1600
700
177
10-30
5,6
3230
1310
1700
935
4ACTb STOPAB
060PY .n.OBAH
E W
HHOrO npO
3BO.n.CTBA
illHBooe OpOBaBOp;CTBO BKJIIO'IaeT BarOTOBJIeOHe aBTOM06BJILOhIX, aBBan;HOII-
'HhlX, p;opOmOO-CTpOHTeJILOhIX, CeJIItCKoxOsJliicTBeOOHX, MOTOn;HKJleTOhIX B BeJIo-
cuneAHLtX OOeBMaTB'leCKHX mHII paaJIB'lOhIX TBOOB H paaMepOB. 060PYP;OBaOHe P;JIJI
nop;rOTOBKB HBrpep;HeOTOB, OJiaCTHKa
KayqyKa B opHrOTOBJIeHHJI peaHOOBhlX
oCMeceii OOBcaoo B oepBoii 'IaCTH KOBrB, n03TOMY oepexop;HM cpaay me K paCCMOTpe-
OHIO HamHB B aonapaTOB, OpHMeOJleMhIX P;JIJI H3rOTOBJIeOBJI nOKphImeK.
r nASA 9
MAWHHbl H AnnAPA Tbl .o.nfl H3rOTOSnEHHfI
.D.ET AnEA nOKPblWEK
9.1. ArPErATbl H nOT04HblE nHHHH
p,MI H3rOTosnEHHfI npOTEKTOPOB
B OaCTOJlm.ee BpeMJI opoTeKTophI opoBaBOp;HTCJI oa 'IepBH'IObIX MamHBax.
llpB mopHn;eBaoBB (3KcTpyaHB) aOnBTeJILHO YJIyqmaeTcJI Ka'leCTBO opoTeKTopoB -
nOBhImaeTCH TO'lOOCTL BarOTOBJIeOllJl, BoapacTaeT OJIOTOOCTL aarOTOBOJ(, p;OCTBraeTCJI
. JlY'lmaJl rOl.tOreOOOCTL. KpOMe Toro, 'IepBJI'IOhIe MamDBhI KOMoaKToee, 60JIee YA060hI
B 3KCOJIyaTan;HB, 'IeM KaJIaOp;phI, iii p;JIJI BX 06CJIymHBaoBJI Tpe6yeTcJI MeHLmee
'IHCJIO JIIOp;eii:.
B COCTaB COBpeMeOOhlX YCTaOOBOK P;JIJI HarOTOBJIeOHII opOTeKTopOB BXOP;IIT:
op;oa BJIH p;Be 'IepBJI'IHLte MamHHbI, KOOBeBep AJIJI oopep;eJIeOBJI MaCChI mnpBn;yeMoB
JIeOThI (oaahIBaeMhIB «BeCOB3MepHTeJILOhIM»), Hoorp;a KaJIaOp;p P;JIJI OaKJIap;KB
lIap;6peKepooii peaBOhI, YCTPOBCTBO P;JIJI mepOXOBKH B opOMaaKB KJIeeM, CYWHJIKa,
OXJI&p;HTeJILOaH Baooa, oom P;JIJI peSKII opOTeKTopOOB JIeOThI, 06P;YBO'l00e YC'I'pOB-
CTBO P;JIJI yp;aJIeOBJI BJiarH B pOJILraOr P;JIJI OJ(OH'laTeJILOOrO oopep;eJIeOBJI MaCChI
opOTeKTopa (oaahIBaeMhIB «BeCOBhIM»).
n pB BhInYCKe opOTeKTopa Ba P;BYX peaBO YCTaOaBJIHBaIQT p;Be 'IepBJI'IOhIe
MamHHhI. llpOTeKTOp, COCTOJl
Hii Ba P;BYX peaBO, OOJIyqaIOT MeTop;OM p;y6JIBpOBaOBII
HJIB BLIAaBJIBBaOBeM 'Iepea OP;oy 06m.yIO rOJIOBKY.
llpB op;OOBpeMeHOOM OOJIyqeoHH opOTeKTopa C Oop;opOTeKTopohIM CJIOeM,
oaahIBaeMhIM p;aJIee Oop;opOTeKTopOM (oap;6peKepHLtM CJIOeM), B COCTaB arperaTa
BXOP;HT TpeXBaJiKOBbIii KaJIaOp;p.
OTe'leCTBeOOhIMB aaBop;aMH ceplliioo BhIOYCKaIOTCJI TPB TBoa npOTeKTOpBhIX
.arperaTOB: HP¥-16A, 592-57 H 592-16. ArperaThI 592-57 B 592-16 OCOall\eOhI
254
YCTaBOBKaMB nQM-20Of200 B nQM-25Of200 COOTBeTCTBeBBO, COCTOJlII\HMIiI Ba P;BYX:
'IepBJI'IBLlX MamHB, pa60TaIO
HX BaBCTpe'IY p;pyr p;pyry Ba OABY OO
YIO npOTeKTOp-
BYIO rOJIOBKY, H MoryT BLlnycKaTIo aarOTOBKB npOTeKTOpa Ba P;BYX peao HJIH liIa.
P;BYX 'IacTeii. Arperam BKJIIO'IaIOT B ce611 TaKme npOTeKTopBLIii KaJIaBp;p 3-500-1200'
P;JIJI BaJIOmeBBJI oop;npOTeKTopBoro CJIOJl.
ArperaT BPY-t6A. Ha pBc.9.1 OOKaaaBa cxeMa OpOTeKTOpHOro arperaTa
HPY-16A C P;BYMII nOCJIeAOBaTeJILBO YCTaBOBJIeBBLlMH 'IepBJI'IBLlMB MamBBaMH 2
B 5. nOCJIep;OBaTeJILBOCTL ooepa
ii nOBIITBa Ba pBC. 9.1. HHme Op1lBeAeBO KpaTKOe
OOHcaBBe OCBOBBLIX YCTpoiicTB H oplilcooc06JIeBHB, YCTaBOBJIeBBLIX B nOTO'lBOi
JIBBHB.
K 0 M 0 e B caT 0 p. ,D;JIII peryJIHpOBaBBJI CKopOCTeii 'IepBJPlBLlX opeCCOB
OpB HX paap;eJILBOii YCTaBOBKe CJIymBT KOMneBcaTOp 18.
)J; Y 0 JI B P 0 B 0 'I B 0 e 0 p BCD 0 C 0 6 JI eBB e. OCBOBBOB 'IaCTLIO aTOI'O
OpHcooc06JIeBHII IIBJIlleTCII P;Y6JIDPOBO'lBLlB BaJIBK, COCTOII
B Ha Baoopa KOJIe
DOMem;eBBLlX Ba CTepmBe, ABaMeTp KOToporo MeBLme p;HaMeTpa OTBepCTHii KOJIe
.
n03TOMY KOJILn;a MoryT CB060ABO oepeMe
aTLCJI DO BepTHRaJiB OTBOCBTeJILBO ;S;Pyr'
P;Pyra B aaBHCHMOCTH OT opocllDJIJI npoTeKTopBoB JIeBTLI.
K 0 B T P 0 JI L B LI e B e C LI yCTaBOBJIeBLI oop; BeCOBLlM TpaBcoopTepOM'
opOTeKTopBoii JIHBBH, CJIymaT P;JIJI BenpepLlBooro oopep;eJIeBHJI M8CCLI opOTeKTOp-
Boii JIeBTLI. MaKCHMaJiLBOe OTKJIOBeBHe OT aaAaSBoii MaCCLI :!: 1,2 Kr. OTKJIOSeBJIe
CTpeJiKH OT BYJIJI OaBa'laeT, 'ITO Macca 1 M opoTeKTopBoB JIeBTLI Be COOTBeTcTByeT
sap;8BBOB BeJIB'IBBe. npB 3TOM aarOpaeTCJI CBrBaJiLBaH JIaMOa, YKaSLlBaJOlI\aJl
Ba Be06xOABMOCTL KoppeKTBpOBKIiI TOJIII\BBLI BLlnYCKaeMoii JIeBTLI. 3TB BeCLI MorYT
6L1TL HCOOJIL30BaBLI AJIJI aBTOMaTB'IeCKOrO perYJIHpOBaSBJI M8CCLI JIeBTLI: 'Iepea-,
3JIeKTpOBBoe YCTpoiicTBO OBD aaMep;JIRIOT BJIB YCKOpJlIOT p;BBmeBBe BLlTHruBaIO
er0
TpaBcoopTepa.
Y cap; 0 'I B hI ii P 0 JI L r a B r. ,D;JIJI OOeCne'l6BBJI cTa6BJILBOCTB paaMepOB
OOJIyqaeMoro opOTeKTopa JIeBTa OOABepraeTCJI ycap;Ke. 3Ta OOepan;BJI OCYII\e-
CTBJIlleTCJI Ba ycaAo'lBOM pOJILraBre 12, COCTOlIlI\eM Da pJlp;a pOJIBKOB (06L1'1BO
'IBCJIO pOJIHKOB - 19) paSJIH'lBOrO p;DaMeTpa. )J;BaMeTp nepBoro pOJIBKa 120 )1M,
OOCJIe,&Bero - 93 MM. OKPY)l(Ball CKOpOCTL oepBoro pOJIJilKa paBHa CKOpOCTB
BeCOBoro TpaBCDopTepa, CKOpOCTIo me Kamp;oro OOCJIeP;YIOII:\ero pOJIBKa MeBLme
opep;LlP;YII\ero B peaYJILTaTe Toro, 'ITO p;JIlIBa ero oKPymBocTB MeOLme Ba 4 MM
('IaCTOTa Bpa
eBHJI Bcex pOJIDKOB Op;BBaKOBaJl).
YCTpOBCTBO P;JIJI mepOXOBKB B npOMaaKH KJIeeM
o p.o T e K TOp B 0 ii JI e B T LI. npOTeKTopLl Ba CBBTeTJiI'IeCKBX KayqyKOB.
OTJIH'IaIOTCJI BBaKoii KJIeBKOCTLIO, n03TOMY P;JIJI OOBLlDIeB1lJl BX Cn;eDJIJleMOCTB
C KapKaCOM iii 6peKepoM OOKpLIDIKB opOTeKTopBYIO JIeUTY oop;BepraIOT mepOXOBKe
B opOM8aKe KJIeeM. YCTpOBCTBO 13 P;JIJI mepOXOBKB B opOMaSKB KJIeeM opoTeKTop-
BOB JIeBTLI COCTOBT B OCBOBBOM Ba mepOXOBaJiLBOrO BaJIBKa p;BaMeTpOM 250 MM
C HBABBBp;yaJILSLIM 3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIeM, opOMaaO'lBOrO BaJIJilKa p;BaMeTpOM 250 MM,
KOTOpLlB Bpa
aeTCJl C 'IaCTOToii 15 OO/MDB, 11 BaBBLI C KJIeeM. Ha nOBepXHOCTB
mepOXOBaJiLBOrO BaJIHK8 aaKpeDJIeBa Kapp;OJIeBTa. ,D;JIJI YJIyqmeBIiIJI mepo-
XOBKB npOTeKTOpSaJl JIeBTa opBmBMaeTCJI K BaJIBKy CBCTeMOB opBmBMBLlX
ABCKOB.
CymKa KJIell opOBaBop;HTCH B Boap;ymBoii cymHJIKe 14 OpB 50 °C. BeBTHJIRTOp
cymBJIKB paaOaBJIJleT oapLl 6eBaBHa Boap;YXOM p;o 6eaooacBoii KOBn;eBTpa
BB.
BLlTRmuoB BeBTBJIIITOp p;OJImeB 6L1TL C6JIOKBpOBaB C 3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIeM 'IepBJI'IBOB
MamDBLI TaK, 'IT06L1 B CJIyqae OCTaBOBKB BeBTBJIJlTOpa aBTOMaTH'leCKB OCTaBaBJIJI-
BaJIaCL 'IepBJI'IBaJl MamBBa. KpoMe Toro, CymBJIKa B npOMaaO'lBOe YCTPOBCTBO
p;OJImBbl 6L1TL 060pYP;oBaBLI aBTOMaTH'leCKH BKJIIO'IaeMOii npoTBBonomapBoii yrJle-
KBCJlOTOOB YCTaBoBKoii.
Y C T P 0 B C T BOP; JI JI 0 X JI amp; eBB JI 0 pOT e K TOp B 0 ii JI e B-
T LI. B npOMLlDIJIeOBOCTB OpBMeBJlIOT p;Ba
00c06a OXJIamp;eB1lJl opoTeKTOpHLtX
255.
1
ii
i..
2
is:
ii
III Ii ",0
= ... i = ' ,
IQ <::>
o ;,j'".....
Q,g,j>,.....
=
;,j'i
II:
i
t:( 8';(11
,,,,2
:s
I E
$ 5;"'''
:s 2
::
II g,! ii
Q, "IIIIIII
*,!II:O
!II:SI
- "= >-",l1li
':I!';
Q,
o",
r:I
>-8'>-
Ii ii-i
i =...iiE
:i g,uo CI>
o fo
" g,
S
Q.8.1
; ;5a
II: 8.=
.'
f:ii
8 I
&
i ..!o!ij
G' ..
b
1-,1
i
I.....
h........
:IIu£:j.'
IQ 0 s::>o; "
;: fl
I
I
og,:i
i i I)
i
i fjiii
(,) "'I!! 1 001
!. i c ... 1 ::
!II..... 0
:I 5i:i;"'a
:I OI
ulll
!I I ' go
13
'O=..
2 ..=
e
I f:g,o
f
1111
!:.! INi
o "Uo!
r:I ueo!"=
UI!
m::: 1 111
$ iiI:II u'O I
I::(° l "''''
-< II: .....
= :a..
i
i
f
"'
oo
g !Id
Q" ..;'=
f:
JleHT: B BaHOaX 0 P;BYXCTOpOOOBM 06phlSrOBaOOeM Bop;oi 0& pemeT1laTOM TpaOCOOp-
'repe.
Y CTpoiCTBO P;JIJI OXJIam.u;eooJl JIeOThI oepBhlM cOOC060M, npBMeOJleMhlM oa
aapyoemHI>Ix saBop;ax, 06h1'100 COCTOOT OS Baoo 17, oa p;oe KOTOphlX YCTaOOBJleOhl
CB06op;00 BpaIl\aIOlI\oeCJI pOJIOKO, nop;p;epmOBaIOII\Oe neOTY. ::ho p;eJlaeTCJI P;JIJI Toro,
'ITOOhl JIeOTa 6h1JIa norpymeoa B BOP;Y 0 paBOOMepoo OXJIamp;aJIaCL co Bcex CTOpOO.
Bop;a nop;aeTCJI B Baooe npOTBBOTOKOM. tlT06h1 OCKJIIO'IOTL Morpa
IO oorpeAO-
eHTOB oa DOBepXOOCTL pesoohl (BhlD;BeTaooe), TeMoepaTYPY BOP;hI B nepBhli nepoop;
OXJIa)Kp;eOOJl CJIeP;YeT OOAAep)I(BBaTL B npep;eJIax 38-40 °C; oocJle OXJIamp;eOUJI
JIeOThI p;o 3TOi TeMoepaTyphl ee oopa6aThlBaIOT 60JIee XOJIop;ooi Bop;oi (15-20 0C).
qeM OOJILme CKOpOCTL p;BOmeOOJl JIeOThI, TeM p;JIDBOee p;OJImoa 6h1TL Baooa. Ha
oeKOTophlX saBop;ax 0611\aJl p;JIDBa OXJIamp;aIOII\OX BaOO p;OCTOraeT 180 M.
npo OXJIamp;eOOo opoTeKTopooi JIeOThI paa6phlaroBaoueM BO,)!l;hI TeOJIOnepe-
Aa'l& YJIyqmaeTCJI, n03TOMY YCTaOOBKO TaKoro Tooa p;eJIaIOT KOpO'le. 3TOT coocoo
npOMeOJleTCJI npeuMYlI\eCTBeOOO oa OTe'leCTBeOOhlX mUBBhlX saBop;ax (00 npo-
Meoeo H B OOOChlBaeMOM arperaTe). ,D;JIJI ero OCYII\eCTBJIeOUJI OCnOJlLSyIOTCJI pas-
0pMarUBaIOII\Oe YCTaHOBKU.
P e m Y 11\ ee Y C T poi C T B 0 19. nOcJIe OXJIam.u;eooJl OT npoTeKTopooi
JIeOTM OTpeSaIOTCJI opOTeKTopOhle sarOTOBKU, p;JIOoa KOTOphlX saBOCOT OT paaMepOB
BarOTaBJIUBaeMhlX nOKphlmeK. npoTeKTopBhle sarOTOBKO* OTpeSaIOTCJI nop; yrJIOM
15-20° no 0Poc)BJIIO. qeM MeOLme yroJI, TeM 60JILme oOBepxoocTL CThlKa opo-
TeKTopa. ,IlJIJI pesKo npoTeKTopooi JIeOThI npOMeOJlIOTCJI aBTOMaTll'leCKOe BomB
P;BYX TUOOB: pemYlI\De oenop;BomoyIO 0 p;BumYII\YIOCJI JIeoTY.
YCTaOOBKa C oomOM, pemYII\DM oenop;BomoyIO opOTeKTOpoyIO JleOTY, KOTOpaJl
npOMeOJleTCJI B arperaTe HPY-16A, COCTODT os JIeOTO'lOOrO TpaocnopTepa, P;OCKO-
Boro noma 0 MepOTeJILOOrO MexaOOSMa. nOCJIep;OD onpep;eJIJleT P;JlDBY OTpesaeMoi
aarOTOBKu, OCTaOaBJIOBaeT TpaocnopTep 0 BKJIIO'IaeT p;BCKOBhli oom, KOTOphli
OTpeSaeT npOTeKTOp. HaMepeoue P;JIHBhI npOOSBOp;BTCJI npo nOMOII\O MepOTeJILOOrO
KOJIeCa, KaTJllI\erOCJI no npOTeKTopooi JIeOTe OJIO no JIeOTe TpaocnopTepa. nOCJIe
3Toro TpaocnopTep nycKaeTCJI B XOP;, U
KJI nOBTOpJleTCJI. npH pesaoJiID oom
OXJIa)R,!l;aeTCJI Bop;oi.
Y CTaOOBKa C oomOM, paSpeSaIOII\BM p;BomYII\YIOCJI npOTeKTOpoyIO JIeOTY,
paOOTaeT uoa'le. KapeTKa C oomOM npo nOMOII\O Bosp;ymohlx D;UJIHBP;pOB, npO$Jf.
MaIOII\UX ee K JIeOTe, Coa'laJia p;BOmeTCJI nocTynaTeJILOO B OanpaBJIeOJiID p;BUmeOUJI
JIeHThI npOTeKTopa C op;uoaKOBoi C oei CKOpOCTLIO; B oeKOTophli MOMeoT, onpep;e-
JIJleM
B 3JIeKTpOBBhlM YCTPOBCTBOM OJIO peMeoohlM MexaoosMoM, BKJIIO'IaeTCJI
AOCKOBMi OO)K, KOTOphli, p;BOraJlCL nonepeK JIeOThI, paspesaeT ee. nOCJIe 3Toro
KapeTKa C oomOM BOSBpall\aeTCJI B ocxop;ooe nOJIomeOoe npo nOMOlI\o npoToBoBeca
UJIH BOSp;ymOhlX D;UJIDBp;pOB. BoaP;Yx K oomy nocTynaeT 'Iepes MeM6paOOhle KJIa-
naOhl, ynpaBJIJleMhle OT MepOTeJILOOrO peMOJl OJIO 3JIeKTpOOooro YCTpoicTBa. Bo
BTOpOM CJIyqae npuPtfeOJlIOT OCBell\aeMhle OSOYTPO nepcllopopoBaoohle 6apaoaJJhI.
nOJIyqaIOII\Ue Bpa
eoue OT BaJiKOB, conpJilKaCaIOII\OXCJI C. npOTeKTopOM. JIyq CBeTa
YJIaBJIUBaeTCJI cIIoT03JIeMeOTOM; 'IOCJIO CBeTOBhlX HMnYJILCOB, nOp;C'IOThlBaeMoe
C'IeTOhlMH YCTpoiicTBaMH DpO uaBeCTOOM paCCTOJlOJiID Memp;y OTBepCTUJlMO 6apaoaoa,
oopep;eJIJleT P;JIDBY npOTeKTopa.
Homu, pemyll\ue oeoop;BomoyIO JIeoTY, paOOTaIOT OOJIee oap;emoo, 00 Meoee
TO'lHO, TaK KaK npo OCTaHOBKe KOOBeBepa TpaocnopTepOaJl JIeBTa BCJIep;CTBoe
uoepD;uH npOCKaJIL3h1BaeT.
00 P; Y B 0 'I 0 hi i T P a 0 COO P T e p 20. nOcJIe peSKO npOTeKTophl
DocTyoaIOT oa D;eoooi TpaocoopTep, oa KOTOpOM sarOTOBKO oop;YBaIOTcJI BOSP;YXOM
C D;eJILIO yp;aJIeHHJI C BOX BJiaro. 3TOT TpaocoopTep ABOmeTCJI OhlCTpee, 'IeM Tpaoc-
nopTep peaaTeJILOOrO YCTpOBCTBa, B peSYJILTaTe 'Iero OTpeaaOHLte aarOTOBKO
· ,I\aJlee AXil YAo6cTBa DpOTeKTOpByJO aarOTOBKY 6Y4e.. YCJIOBBO BaSIolBaTlt opOTeKTOpO".
17 3aNaa 168 257
06TAeJlJlIOTCJI OT DpOTeKTOpBOB JleIiTLI. B03AYX AJlJI 06AYBaBBJI nOA&eTtJl BeBTBJlJlTo-
pOM BIllCOKOrO AaBJleBBJI 1JepeS COWla, paCnOJlOmeBBLle Blllme R BJDKe ABBmym;BxcJI
3arOTOBOK. Ha BeKOTOplllX aaBOAaX AJlJI YAaJleRBJI BJiarB C npOTeK'lOpOB DpBlle-
HJleTCJI CmaTblB B03AYX.
ITpBcnOCOOJleBBJI B npBOOplll AJlJI KOBTpOJlJl K
"I e C T Ban pOT e K TOp 0 B. OOLI1JBO B KORI(e arperaTa YC'laBOBJleBLI KOB-
-rpOJlLBllle BeCIII 21 C pOJlBKOBIIIM CTOJlOM AJiJl OKOB1JaTeJlItBOrO ODpeAeJleBBJI MaCCLI
npOTeKTopa. )J,JlJI BSMepeBBJI TOJlm;BBIII DpOTeKTopa B OOJlaCTB OerOBOD: AOpOmRB
B OOKOBBB, OOm;eD: DlBPBBLI ero, a TaRme mBpBBLI OerOBOD: AOpOHCRB npBMeBJlIOT
paaJII1JBLIe npBoopLl, BaDplDlep KOBTaRTBLlD: TOJIm;BBOMep B B3l1epU81J1t mBpJIIIDI
ueDpepLIBBoro AeD:CTBBJI.
nOMe YRaS8BBIIIX npOBepOK DpOTeKTOp nOCTynaeT Ba OT60p01JBLID: pOJIltraBr
Jl,llJl mepoxoBKB ero KOB
OB. 3Ta onepa
BJI BLInOJlBJleTCJI Ba mepOXOBaJiItBOIi
.cTUKe. IDepOXOBaBByJO DOBepmOCTIt DOKpLIBalOT TOBKBII CJlOeM KJleJi. rOTOBLle
OpOTeRl'OpLl uaBemBBalOT Ba nO
BeCBoB KOBBeBep.
HeAOCTaTKOM ODBcaBBoro arperaTa JlBJlJleTCJI BeOOJlltm8JI AJlBB& OXJlSABTenl>-
BIIII JCI'POD:CTB, BMeAcTBBe 1Jero JleBTa Be YCDeBaeT nOJIBOCTlt1O ocm'llt, B npog;ecc
OXJlamp;eBBJI 3aBepmaeTCJI DPB xpaaeBBB npOTeKTopOB Ba 3TamepRax.
IIpoTeRTOpm.d &l'per&T (.1UIIIIIJI) C RMaIlJq)OM. KOM6BBBPOBaBIllIID: arperaT,
-cOCT.JI
BS 1JepBJI1JBLIX MamBB. B KaJlaBApa, DO cpaBBeBBIO C ODBcaBIIIIIM arpe-
raTOM C AByllJl 1JepBJI1JBLlMB MamBB.allJl, paCDOJlOmeBBLIMB Ba OABOII ypOBHe,
"MeeT pJlA DpeBMym;ecTB: oOJlee BIIICOKyJO npOB3BOABTeJlItBOCTIt, oOJlee lIBTeBCBBBOe
'OXJlamAeBBe 3arOTOBOK, OOeCDe1JeBBe OOJlltmeD: T01JBOCTB paSMepOB DOJlytJaeMLlX
npOTeHTOpOB. RpOMe Toro, Ba 3TOM arperaTe 1I0mBO BLlnycKaTIt 60Jlee AJlBRBLle
][ TOJlCl'LIe 3arOTOBKB. K TaKOMY TBny KOMOBBBpOBaBBLlX arper&'lOB (nOT01JB1iIX
JlHHd) OTBOCBTCJI OTe1JeCTBeBBaJi DpOTeKTOpB8J1 JlBBBJI 592-16.
ITpoTeKTopBaJi JlBBBJI 592-16 (pRC. 9.2) C Ka.jlaBAPOM AJlJI R&RJlSAKB nOA-
DpOTeKI'OpBOD: (BSA6peKepBOD:) pesBBLI pa60TaeT CJleAYIOm;BH 06paaoM. PeSBBOB&JI
CMeCb B BBAe JleBTIII DO
aeTCJI K 3arPYS01JBLIII BOpOBRaM ASYX 1JepBJII'CIBLlX MaDIBB
(B& pBC. 9.2 DOKa38Ba O
Ba MamBB.a) , KOTopLIe BlllAaBJIBBalOT npOTeKTopBYIO
JleBTY 1Jepes oom;ylO rOJlOBKY. )J,BaMeTp 1JepBJlKa nepBoro npecca paBeB 250 MM,
BToporo - 200 MM. CBCTeMOD: TpaacnopTepOB DpOTeKTOpBaJi JleBTa BanpaBJlJleTCSI
B 3asop MemAY BepXBBM BaJiKOM B Ay6nupOB01JBLIII BUBKOM 9 TpeXBaJiKOBOrO
R8J1allApa 8. PeSBBOBaJi DOADpOTeKTOpBaJi CMeCIt nOAaeTCJI B 3asop MemAY BB)KBBII
R cpeABBM BaJiKallJl Kua
pa. IToAnpoTeKTOpBLID: MOD: BaKJl8ALIBaeTCJI CIDISY
Ra. BBJTpeBBlO1O DOBepXBOCTIt npOTeKTopa. )J,y6nupOB01JBLlD: BaJIBR 9 COCTOBT
JlS OI'AeJiItBLIX ABCKOB, oJiaroAapJl 1JeMY AOCTBraeTCJI xopom8JI DpBRaTKa nOA-
DpoTeKTopBoB pesBBLI K DpoTeKTOpBOD: JleBTe. )J,uee DpOTeKTOpBaJi JleBTa 06pa68-
TLlB&eTCJI TaK me, KaK B Ba ODBcaBBOIi Bblme arper8Te (CM. pBC. 9.1). )J,JIBBa
30BLI OXJlamAeBBJI 3TOD: JlBBBB SBa1JBTeJlItBO YBeJllflleBa B AOCTBfaeT 170 M. HRJKe
DpBse.eBa KpaTKaJl TeXBB1JeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa npOTeKTOpRLIX arperaTOB
'Tpex TlIDOB, BblDYCKaeMIIIX OTe1JeCTBeBBLIMB saBOAaMB:
MaKCBMaJibBloie paaMeploi aarOTOBOK npo-
TeKTopa, '1M
,l(JluBa . . .....
mHpUHa .
TOJl
BBa . . .
C1<OpOCTb
mKeBBJl npOTeKTopsoi neBTH,
M/JofBB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
mUpBBa TpaBCUOpTepsloIx JIeBT, AIM. .
Anusa 30BIoI oxnaJt(AeHIIJI,)Of ..
TIPOAOJIJt(BTenbBOCTb
uxna OXnaH<AeBWI,
MH.B . .. .. ...
PaCXOA, MI/f{
B
(3aMKBYTloIj
Hxn) .. .
BPV-16A 592-57 5'2-16
3000 5800
1000 700
30 30
4-12 3.4-16,7
1100 700
3X 1
O 170.000
10-SO
%
5800
tooo
40
3.4-17
HOO-1200
t70000
to-SO
%
17.
2St
Boa,nyxa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 120
06
aJI MO
Boctl> 8neKTpO
BraTeJIei, KBT
nOCTOJlBBOrO TORa .. 5.0 32.9 44.0
nepeMeBBoro TOKa .. 50.0 36.8 35.3
ra6apBTBWe paaMepw, 101
,nJIUBa. . 42 5tO 114 850 120 290
mupBBa . . . . . . . 3075 6862 7302
BWCOTa ....... 3036 7200 7200
Macca, T ........ 28.250 86.725 86.315
B OTJlIfIIBe OT arperaTa, Hs06pameBBOrO Ba pHC. 9.1, Bom JlBBBB 592-16 p8S-
peS8eT JleBTY Ba ABHmym;eMcJI TpaBCDopTepe H DOJlyq8eT HMDYJlItCLI Be OT BepXBero
KOJleCa, a OT 3J1eKTpOBBoro BSMepBTeJlItBOrO yCTpOD:CTBa, 06eCDe1JHBalOlI(erO BLICO-
KyIO T01JBOCTI> paSMepOB sarOTOBOK.
DpOBSBOABTenLBOCTI> arperaTOB BaXOADTCJI B DpJlMOH saBBCBMOCTB OT CKOpOCTR
mDpBI(eBaBBJI, KOTOpaJl, B CBOIO 01JepeAIt, saBBCRT OT pe
eDTa peSBBOBOB CMeCH.
llpBMepBaJi DpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTIt 0ABB01JBblX 1JepBJI1JBLlX Mamn DPB BSrOTOBJle-
BBII DpOTeKTopa BS peSDBOBOD: CMeCJI, COCTOJlIQ;eD: BS 70% CRC B 30% HR BJiB
100% CRC, JlemDT B DpeAeJiaX OT 3 AO 11 M/M1im B SaBBCBMOCTB OT paSMepa DOK-
pLIIIIKII. llPOHsBOABTeJlI>BOCTI> CABoeBBblX 1JepBJI1JBblX MamBB B 1,5 pasa oOJll>me.
CJleJl.yeT yqHTblBaTIt, 1JTO cpeABJIJI BeJlB1JBBa BOSBpaTa npOTeKTopOB AOCTBraeT
10-15% .
OTOOp B )'KJI8AlCa npoTeRTopoB. ODBcaBBLIii MeTOA B3rOTOBJleBBJI DpOTeKTOpOB
DpeAycMaTpBBaeT OTOOp B YRJlaAKy DpoTeKTopBLlX sarOTOBOK B8 DOJlKB MeTaJl-
JlH'IeCKBX 3TamepoK. B B8CTOJlm;ee BpeMJI BO MBOrBX CTp8B8X BBeApJlIOTCJI Mexa-
BBSMbI AJlJI aBTOMaTJflleCKOrO oT60pa H yKJlSAKB DpoTeKTopoB B8 DOJlKB 3TamepoK.
B CIlIA AJlJI 3TOD: I(eJiB DpBMeBJlIOTCJI DpOMLImJleBBLIe pOOOTbI.
llOCKOJlI>KY Ba DpoTeKTopBLlX arper8Tax H MeTaJlJlB1JeCKBX 3T8mepKax TPYABO
06eCDe1JIITI> p8BBOMepByJO YC8ARY DpOTeRTopOB (DO AJiBBe, TOJlm;DBe H IDBpBBe).
S8 py6eiROM DpBMeBJlIOTCJI yCTaBoBKB AJlJI saKaTKB DpOTeKTOpBOD: JleBTLI B PYJlOIlLI
C DpOKJlaAKOii CT8J1ltBOii JleBTLI. 3TB PYJlOBbI BaSIIIB8IOTCJI «RapTynm» (OT $paB-
I(yscKoro BaSBaBHJI ICacceT AJlJI
OT08DD8p8TOB). llpeBMym;eCTBa K8PTYmeii SaKJlIO-
'IalOTcJI B TOM, 1JTO DOBblm8eTCJI DpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTIt DpOTeKTopBIIIX 8rperaTOB,
OTDaA8eT BaA06BOCTIt B peSKe DpOTeKTopOB Ba KyCKB, Be DpOBCXOABT ycaAK8
DpOTeKTopa, T8K KaK OB OXJlamAaeTCJI S8m8TltIM B JleBTe; KpOMe Toro, DPH IIcnOJl'b-
SOBaBBB KapTymeii MOmBO oOJlee T01JBO S8KpOBTIt DpOTeKTOp, DOCKOJlItKY saKpoa
DpOBSBOABTCJI DPB MaJlOa CKOpOCTB B Be CBJlSaB C paooToii 1JepBJl1JBLlX MamBB.
B BaCTOJlIQ;ee BpeMJI Ba pJlAe COBpeMeBBlllx s8pyoemBLIx S8BOAOB DpBMeBJleTCJI
S8K8TKa B KapTymB DpOTeKTopOB AJlJI JlerKOBLIX AB8rOB8J1I>BLIX mn, a TaKiRe
DpOTeKTopOB H 60KOBDB AJlJI mDB P. )J,JlBBa DpOTeKTopBoii JleBTLI B KapTyme
COCT8BJlJleT OKOJlO 100 M. ITpB paOOTe DO YRasaBBOD: CHCTeMe DpOTeKTOpBb1e arpe-
r8TLI cBa6m81OT SaKaT01JBLlMB DpBCDOCOOJleBWlMB, a c60po'lBb1e CTaBRB - cne-
I(B8J1I>BLIMB p8CKaT01JBLIMB B peSaTeJlItBbI.MB YCTpOBCTBaMB.
9.2. 060PYAOBAHHE Anfl 06PA60TKH
TEKCTHnbHOrO KOPAA
t:f )J,JlJI DOBLImeBBJI Dp01JBOCTH CI(eDJleBBJI pe3DBIII C KOPAOM BS XBMB1JeCKIIX
BOJlOKOH (BBcK03Boro, DOJlBaMBABoro B DOJlB34>BpBoro) ero DpoDBTLIBalOT COOT-
BeTCTByJOm;BMB aAreSBOBBLlMB COCTaBaMB. ITpODBTK8 SaKJlI01JaeTCJI B DorpYiReBBB
ROPA8 B B8HHy C DOCJleAYIOm;BMB OTmBMOM BsolIITKa DpODBT01JBoro COCTaBa II cym-
KOD:. CKOpOCTIt DpODBTKB KOPA8 Ba DpODHT01JBLlX YCT8BOBK8X OOLI'IBO AocTBraeT
80 M/MDB, CTeDeBIt BLITJlmKB - 3 %, cOAepmaBBe BJiarB B TKaBB DOCJle cymKB
COCT8BJlJleT 2-4%. CymBJlKB 000rpeB8IOTCJI D8pOM BJiB rOpJl1JBM BOSAYXOM.
B OTe1JeCTBeBBOM IDBBBOM npOBSBOACTBe DpODHTKa KOPA8 DpOBSBOP;BTCJI
BeDocpeACTBeBBO Ba mBBBLIX saBoAax.
260
9.2.1. nponMTo...Hble YCTaHOBKM M arperaTbi
Ha OTe1JeCTBeBBLlX saBOAax AO nOCJIeABerO BpeMeBB B OCBOBBOM DpBMeBJlJlCJI
DpODlIT01JBIIID: arperaT HPY-18, 00ecDe<JBB8IOm;Dii CKOpOCTIt ABBmeBIIJI MaTepBaJia
6-12 M/MBB; B BaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI OB S8MeBJleTCJI arperaTaMB AnR-80-1800
B AllTR-4Q-1800, DOSBOJlJlIOm;BMB oopaoaTLIBaTIt MaTepBaJi co CKOpOCTl>1O ]1.0 80
B 40 M/MBB COOTBeTCTBeBBO.
llpoDBT01JJlltlH arperaT HPY -18 DpeABaSBa<JeB AJlJI DpODIITKB 11 cymKB KopAa
AO OCTaT01JBOH BJiaiRHOCTII 2% DPB CKOpOCTB ABBiReBBJI MaTepBaJia 6-12 M/MBB.
ArperaT HPY -18 (pBC. 9.3) COCTOIIT us paCKaT01JBOD: CTOHRII 1 C SamBMBLIMB
B B8DpaBJlJlIOm;IIMB BaJiKaMB, 1JeTLIpeXDeTJleBOrO ROMDeBcaTopa 2, BMem;alOII(erO
32 M KOPAa, I(eBTpBpYIOII(erO YCTpoBcTBa a, DPODBT01JBOB BaBBbI 4 C mUpBTeJlI>-
BLlMB D BaTJlmBLIMB oap80aBaMB. llOCJleABBe 06eCDe<JBBaIOT saAaBBoe BaTJliReHBe
KOPAa.
HMelOIQ;BeCJI B arperaTe OTiRBMBble BaJiKII DpeABaSB81JeBLI AJlJI Y11.aJleBWI
BsoLlTKa DpODBTO'lBOrO COCTaB8 BS KOPABOH TKaHB nepeA DocTynJleBBeM ee B CY-
mBJlKY 5. RpoMe Toro, arperaT BKJlI01JaeT YCTPOD:CTBO 6 AJlJI 01JBCTKB KOPAa OT
DLIJlII 11 BOpCBHOK. llpoDBTaBBblB 11 BLIcymeBBLlB KOPA DpBHIIMaeTCJI S8KaT01JHLIII
YCTpeBcTBoM 7. H8BoOJlltmaJi AJlBBa KOPAa B PYJlOBe 250 M.
CymBJlKa 5 COCTOBT BS DJiTII OTKpLiTLIX 6apaoaHoB ABaMeTpOM 1800 MM.
RamALlB oapa6aB cBa6meB BeBTBJlJlTOpOM AJlJI 06eCDe1JeBBJI I(BPKYJlJlI(BB BosAyxa.
CYWBJlKa BMem;aeT 30 M KOPAa, 060rpeBaeTCJI 14 TPY01J8TblMB KaJlOpU
epaMB
C DOBepXBOCTlt1O BarpeBa 179,2 M 2 , MaKCBM8JII>BaJi TeMDepaTypa B cymBJlKe 140°C.
ROPA cymBTcJI 2,5-5 MBB DPB BaTJlmeBBB 11.0 2,5 KH.
IIpBBOA BaBHLI 4 B SaKaT01JBOrO YCTpOBCTBa 7 OCYlI(eCTBJlJleTCJI OT 9J1eKTpO-
ABBraTeJIJI DOCTOJIBBOrO TORa MOII(BOCTI>IO 2,3 KBT B 1JaCTOTOB Bpam;eBBJI 700-
2100 OO/MBB. MOm;BOCTIt 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJleB BeBTBJlJlTOpOB OTKpLITblX oapaoaHoB
2,8 KBT. )J,JlJI DOAa1JB B peI(BpKYJlJlI(BB BOSAYxa DpBMeBJleTCJI BeBTBJlJlTOp
M9-55 .N! 10, a AJlJI Bldopoca BosAyxa lIP-55 .N! 5. MOm;BOCTIt 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJleH
9TBX BeHTBJlJlTOpOB paBBa COOTBeTCTBeBBO 20 B 2,8 KBT. MOm;BOCTIt 3J1eKTpO-
11.BllraTeJlJl m;eTOK 1,7 KBT. raOapBTHLIe paSMepLI arperaTa 1725 x 9230 X 5050 MM.
Macca arperaTa 40 T.
ArperaT AllK-80-18OO (pIlC. 9. 4) DpeABaSBa1JeH AJlJI AByxcTa11.BBBOD: DpODBTKD
II cymKB DOJlBaMIIAHoro B BBCKOSBoro KOPAa co CKOpOCTl>1O AO 80 M/MUB. B COCTaB
arperaTa BXOAIIT pacKaTo<JBblD: CTaBOK 1, CTIdKOBO<JBLlD: Dpecc 2, KOMDeBcaTOp
paCKaTKII 4 (sanp8Bo<JBaJi AJiBBa KOPAa 240 M), TPB DpOTJlrBBalOII(BX YCTpoBcTBa
5 AJlJI ooecDe<JeBBJI HaTJlmeBIIJI KOPAa AO 25 KH, ABe DpODBT01JBLle B8BBLI 6, K8Mepa
BaCLlm,eBBJI 7 (s8np8B01JB8J1 AJiBBa KOPAa 160 M), AByxceKI(BOBBaJi cymllJlKa 8,
KOMneHcaTOp saKaTKB 9 (saDpaB01JBaJi 11.JlBHa ROPAa 80 M), SamBMBOe YCTPOHCTBO
B Sal\aTo<JBblB CTaBOK 10. 3TOT arperaT BXOABT B COCTaB nOT01JBOD: JlBBBB JInR-
80-1800, onllcaBlle KOTOpOD: DpBBOABTCJI BBme. TexHB<JecKaJl xapaKTepllcTBKa
arperaT8 11 pltneAeBa B TaOJl. 9.1.
9.2.2. ArperaTbI AnR TepMoo6pa6oTKM
M BblTRrMBaHHR KOPAa
,!(JlJI TepMooopa6oTKII II BblTJlrBBaBBJI DOJlBa!\lllABOrO KOPAa Ba OTe1JeCTBeBBLlX
saBOA
X DpBMeBJlIOTCJI arperaTLI ATR-170, ATR-80-1800.
Arper8T ATK-170 BXO,J.IIT B COCTaB KOp]1.BOH JlBBBB RJI-170. B BaCTOJllI(ee
BpeMJI 3TOT arperaT saMeBffaTCJI arperaTOM ATR-80-1800.
ArperaT ATK 80-1800 AJlJI repMo06pa60TKB KOPAa co CKopOCTItIO 80 M/MIIB DO-
RasaB Ba pBC. 9.5. OB JlBJlJleTCJI COCTaBBOD: <JaCTItIO DOTO<JBOB JlBBBB JIllR-80-1800,
BO MomeT pa60TaTIt B caMOCTOJlTeJlI>BO, D03TOMY B arperaT BXOAJlT paCKaT01JBHB
26f
i
I
I
...
I
to:>
I
I
I
...
I
I
.... I
II(
I
..
I
...
i
. Q>
;s:: fl.
t if
II'
; I
0011'
1 ..
" !5
..
8 :a l
CIoI\! ..
1:1
i
. 1110
all:
a. lIIe
. Q,
I.
c:I.o "'11'
./. . ... . .1
. - ---;+-.- -
........... ....
_. - ....IO
.- -=I>-
._=
_.
<c
---
--.
,
...=.:=. :=:. ;
"." .: :"
. . :. :. . : . .: .
- --
.- .-
---++- - -
<c
i
I
I
to
ii
G
-
i
G>
I
III
.
eX
U
t
1
..
1=
a l
&1
"':::
..
..
11:1 <)11
:!,1IIi!:
o
:!
=
III
1 11:"
J'"
,,
10 ..=
III III G>
_Ji
.. III
o .1
11::
EE
;:.. r:lB
! I to
;
'i
'<) fj g
<>
11i
, G''!I8
. II:II'S
"= ....
I:( i 10[
I:
'i
! :c 00;
/:I :G:a
<
:;j
.. III =
11:1 till
'"
8,-;
III
< ...:0:
.
I
!2..
(j)<>
,
I
..I
0081-0'- HJ.DIr
OOSt-O'-HJ.J.Y
oes t-O'-HJ.UY
081oGS-t-HOY
OOit-OS-<:-HOY
""
1
II
CII
Ii.
c
III
0081-0S-HJ.Y
OOSt-OS-HUY
=
S
\C
!
\C
C
iii
II
C
f
i ,.
"
CII
II
=
II
III
=
OOSt-n-.LJ.UIr
008t-O'-J.DIr
OOSt-O'-HDIr
008t-08-HIIIL'
"
008t-08-HUII'
= ,.
e:
III
=-
t
CII
=-
«I
1:1:
..,
:c
<I.<
::r
II
II
.c
...;
0)
<:I
::!'
::!
<:I
e...
264
OL t-4-HIrH
OLt-t-HIrH
o
I
It)
o
I
It)
==
:::>.
c:
D'
.......
..=..,
t)::E
o -
==
..Qj:Q
t;CII
G);O:;
tl-o
111=
"':::>.
[
J::
:;! ::E
::E ::II
8 g
<j;)
.... ....
It)
o
It)
o
It)
o
....
co
o
It)
....
co
....
co
....
(0
8
It)
o
It)
o
I
co
....
co
00
co
o
....
N
....
co
-=
N
....
....
It)
....
It)
....
....
I .
«II::
ilia>
D'
.,;-
t;
10«1
0111
o
tJ
:::>.
tJ
o
1110
II
Ef
g
::T'
!2
::II
=- -
10=
011:
..QIII
1-0;0:;
tJl-o
o
=-11
01::
:C1:1
tJ
1:1:111
00
:o:
I
N
....
o
....
o
I
N
....
I
N
....
I
N
....
o
00
I
N
....
I
N
....
N
....
I
co
o
I
N
....
o
1
N
....
....
o
00
I
N
....
I
N
....
....
'::II
'g::ll
CII':;
1!:Ia>
1:1111
=-111
1:1;0:;
81-0
I:I:
m
III
..QIII =-
I:: III ;.,
111:11 1-0
::111-0 '"
-III =-
QIO a)
:0:'" 1:1
III =- i
::s
....
.... ....
....
....
....
8
co
....
....
....
....
8
co
....
....
18
....
N
....
It)
....
It)
....
'8
N
....
18
gN,
....
12
5$(;1
....
18
5$N
....
'8
5$N
....
'8
5$N
....
18
5$N
....
....
....
18
N
....
g
N
g
N
u
o
Ii
:0:
II
j
t
E-<
I
:=
11:1
IS;
::I
I I
OCII
:::>.t
:8 >III
i
==
III
11:1 CII 0
III B
1-0
! 0
lIS III
taD'1II
CII
::II
ti
i
j
tJ
..Q
I::tJ
:
a:: III
g,;
==
co
S
I
S g
I I
co
g.
g
as as
I
I I I
It)
S'S
I I
g
g g
2 I I
CiS
co
co
o
co
....
1
g
o
is
c:s 1 I
o
o
00 I
.... 0
N
o
o
00 I
....
as
g
g
I S
,
;.,
tJ
a>
:c
I'::
1:1
!3
;.,
tJ
1:1 1:1 '=:1
:0: 1:1 0
iE ::r I::
II: '" III
1-0",:1
=:I III
III :a IS;
j ::II :c
=-
III tJ
ilia)
:0:
=1'::
:0:=
!EI
tJ
i
11')
-
N
c.;a
"<:I'
co
o
"<:I'
00
8
-
o
00 "<:I'
- ....
-
"<:I'
"<:I'
«S
"<:I'
11')
00
....
m
....
o
N
I
!
o
"<:I'
11')
....
00
....
co
= 00 "<:I'
N ....
o
«S
N
N
"<:I'
=
r--
«S
....
N
:2
11')
g
r--
N
8
r--
fC
8 8
r--
00
(It
8
r--
11')
....
g
r--
N
8
r--
co
88
00 .
11') N
= r--
....
-
co
o
"<:I'
11')
-
11')
.... r--
-
....
-
o
8
11')
11')
co
....
g 0
= "<:I'
"<:I' N
N
o g ....
::;N80)
o co 00
CO....r--N
....
8
00
o
....
00
N
....
N
g
00
....
8
N
=
,,,,
00
....
co
o
co
"<:I'
-
N
....
8
00 "<:I' =
'II1I"'I ....
CC>
N
-
N
e'!
8
e'!
o
::; =
co
8
....
o
....
g 8 8
"<:I' 11') 11')
= 00 "<:I'
= .... ....
11')
11')
r...:
co
r--
=
o
....
N
8
N
8
11')
8
L'"
8
11')
e'!
....
8
e'!
N
o
:g
11')
o
:2
L'" 0:
8
11') t-
co
co
8
"<:I'
g
8
co
-.::0
....
8
r--
"<:I'
8
co
00
o
....
8 co r--
8
8
00 00
.... .... -
8
on
.,."
11')
r--
e'!
g
=
o
8
t- 00 00
e'!
....
....
g
r--
11')
"<:I'
t-
e'!
&3 8
....
8
"<:I'
o
.-
::;
g N
o t- 00
co
<»
=
III
<»
iE
II:
1-0
01
III
<»
i::c
:o::
01 .
::s=
=01
=1:
2
.
o
.
:0:: .
<»
I:: .
,.QI-o
t)c:Q
0:0::
= -
ill:
01::
::s
=01
i=
101:{
o
e
o
III
'"
'"
-;:;
I:{ &,:0:
=
..,
01
01
III
«I
1-0
8
..,
. .
<»01
I::t::
:2
I:{
01 CO
.
....0
I:{I
""11')
iO"
o
'"'::S'"
Q>--
os =..
iElII::S
..,
--
'"
c,
gf
01
I::
01
:0::
10
.....
:is .
III
..Q "
<q co I::
.... 0" ;
::s ::s go';:
= III
m
= II:
I:: I:: c,=
III III =
01
I::
I:{ :g
01
'"'
01 '"
t:: t::
2 :e
'"
",--
c,;
01
=
"<:I' - .
.0It)
o c,o
!i--
lIS ""
Q ....
='"
='"
<»:O::as
I:: c,"
:£
"
I:{ os.
C,
.<»
.
2
o
III
1-0'
0=
os
I::
<»01
=-:0:
""
IIIQ
10.
II::o'
==--
<»=iE
t:t
I:{O:O:
:zI
.
III C, III
000
I:: 10 C,
;0""'
E-<
.'"
01__
c,..
'i::S
III .
.
=!
....
III
o
1110
0,",
=0
..,::s
<»<»
g;
1:::21
0'"
:t::
::s
::s
:21
c,
""
«I
C,
<» as
:21 os III
III = =
t=\i'8
a: a
10
lIS
...
01
..,
Co)
01
:e
5
5
!S
3
8
3
10 IZOOO
30000
PBC. 9.S. ArperaT ATK-80-t800
JI TepMo06pa60TJU1 KOPAa:
1 - pacICaTO'lllWl C'J'aBOJC; . - OTWICOBO'lllJd upecc; 8 - mrrlUOJqBe Bamour; 4 - KOlIDeBCATOp palKaTICBJ
6 - ICAllepa TepllOlIIoITJIJICIUI; 8 - Kurepa ROpllallll8lU1BB; 'I - Tep1l06aD1111f; , - ICOlIDeRCATOp suaTICB;
, - BaICaTO'lHWe 'JCTpoIC'l'lla; 1" - DpO'l'llJ'llBU)Iqlle YCTPOItCTBa.
-'-
-'
II .. 8
1 2 !lIilllllii\l!lh!
;
....
IlIiiuillliilllllT
U
UU
U
./'
7500
11
16300
"
*5000
Pac. 9.6. ArperaT AOK-2-80-1800 11,1JJI 06peamUmaBIIJl KOpp;a:
1 _ paCKaTOqllW1t CTUOIC; . - cnncOBOqRWft npecc; 8 - nOTlUOlqoe BamrKO; 4 - ICOMDPeccop pacICaTICB;
:; _ npoTRl1UIlUOllUle YCTPoltCTBa; 6 - Manall cymonKa; 7. 7' - TPeXBanICOBNe TPeyronbllWe KlUlaRIIPW; 8,
9 _ ICOlIDeQcaTOphl IClUlaBllpoB; 10 - 6apa6aHHall oXJIaJKllalOlAaR ManUlHa (10nOIlRnbnWe 6apa6anw); 11 - ICOM-
ReilCATOP BaICaTKU; 11 - YC'J'P01CTB0 11M 3aICaTKO Ha 6060HY IIJDI KapeTICY.
1 B S8RaT01JBLID: 9 CTaBRB, a TaRme CTLIROB01JBLlD: npecc 2. TepM06amB1I 7
BKJlI01JaeT K8Mepy TepMOBIIITJI)K}(1I 5 B KaMepy BOpMaJlHSa
B 6. B nepBoD
KaMepe ROPA H8XOABTCJI DPH 190°C 11 DOA AeD:CTBBCM BaTJlmeBBJI 25-
180 RH BLITJlrBBaeTCJI Ba 20-30%. Bo BTOpOD RaMepe
8TJlmeBlle ROPAa YMeBIt-
maeTCJI AO 5-91 KH. HaTJlmeBHe ROPA8 COSAaeTCJI TJlBYJlItBLlMB CT8BI(BJIMB 10.
TexBlfllecKaJl xapaKTepHCTBRa arperaTa ATR-80-1800 DpBBOABTCJI B TaOJl. 9.1.
9.2.3. ArperaTbi AnR o6peSMHMBaHMR KOPAa
B COBpeMeBBblX DOT01JHLIX JlIIBBJlX, IISrOTaBJlBB8eMLlX OTe1JeCTBeHBLIMB sa-
BOAaMB, AJlJI oopesBBBBaBBJI ROPA8 DpBMeBJlIOTCJI arperaTLI AOR-2-8O-1800 11
AOR-1-80-1800.
ArperaT AOK-2-80-1800 (pBC. 9.6) DpeABaSBa1JaeTCJI AJlJI oopesHBBBaBBJI
KOPAa Ba ABYX TpeXB8J1ROBLIX RaJIaBApaX co CKOpOCTlt1O AO 80 M/MUB. OB BXOABT
B COCT8B DOT01JBOH JlBBBH JInR-80-1800, no MomeT p860T8TIt B C8MOCTOJlTeJlItBO.
B DOCJleAHeM CJlY'I8e KOPA nocJle paCK8TotJBoro CTaBKa 1, CTLIKOB01JBOrO Dpecca 2;,
DBT81OII(BX BaJiKOB 9 B KOMDeBcaTop8 4 nOCTYDaeT 1Jepes npOTJlrBBalOlI(ee YCTPODCTBO
5 B MaJlYIO CYWRJlKY 6. 38DpaB01JB8J1 AJiBBa ROPAa B CYWBJlKe 80 M, TeMDepaTypa
170°C, BaTJlmeDlle 1,5-20 KH. BLicyweBBblD KOPA 113 CYWUJIKB BenocpeACTBeBBO
DOAaeTCJI H8 DepBblH TpeXBaJiKOBblD K8J18BAP 7 AnJi 06PC3BBBB8BIIJI OAHOD CTO-
pOHbI, 8 saTeM 1Jepes KOMneBcaTOp 8-Ba BTOpOH TpeXBa.m;OBblD: K8J18BAP 7' AJiR
oopesBBBBaHBJI APyrOD: CTOpOBbI. 06pesBBeHHLlD: C ABYX CTOpOH ROPA 1Jepes
KOMneBcaTOp 9 DOCTYD8eT B8 6apa6aBBYIO OXJlamA81OII(YlO MaWBBY (XOJlOAHJlItBbl9
6apa6aBLI) 10. OXJlamAeBBLID DpopesBHeHHblD KOp,iJ;, Dpoii)
JI KOMDeBc8Top 11, saRa-
TblBaeTCJI ua OOOIlBY BJiB Ba K8peTKY.
ArperaT AOK-1-80-1800 cJlymBT )J;JlJI 00pesIIBIIB8BBJI KOPAa Ha 1JeTblpeXBaJI-
KOBOM RaJiaBApe co CKOpOCTblO AO 80 M/MBB. 31'OT arperaT BXOP;IIT B COCT8B DOTO'l-
HOH JlIIHBII JInR-40-1800 (CM. BBme).
9.2.4. n MHMM AnR o6pa6oTKM TeKcnnbHoro KOPAa
)J,JlJI BeDpepbTnBOD: 06pa60TKB TeKCTIIJlbHOro IWPA8 (npoDHTI(a, CYWKa, Tep-
MOBLITJlmKa, 06pesBBBBaBBe) Ba OTe1JeCTBCHHblX 3aBOAax DpBMeHJlIOTCJI KaJl3B-
APOBble JlBBBB RJIR-1-170 II RJIR-2-170. Paspa60T8BLI B OCB8HBalOTCJI JlBBBB
.11nR-80-1800 B JIBR-8O-1800.. TexHlltJecRaJi xap8KTepBCTIIR8 BOBLIX JlBBBD:
npBBeAeH8 BLIme (CM. Ta6J1. 9.1).
JIBBBB KJIK-2-t70 B KJIK-t-170 npeAHaSBatJCBLI AJlJI nponllTKB, ABYXCT8AIID:-
Boil cymKB, TepMo06p800TKB B oopeSBHHBaBBJI Do;maMBAHoro KOPA8. Mx MOmBO
BCDOJlltSOB8TIt AJlJI npeABapBTeJlbHOD: nponHTKII B cyumn KOPAa C saRaTKOD B py-
JIOBLI., a T8KiRe AJlJI cymRB II oopeSBBBBaBIIJI p8Hee npODIITaBnoro KOPAa.
JlJI 3Toro
OBB cBa6iKeHbI AOnOJlBBTeJlItBLlMH paCK8T01JBblMII B S8KaTOtJHLlMB YCTpoilcTBaMB.
H8 pBc.9.7 nOR8S8B8 JlBBBJI RJIR-2-170. JIBHIIJI RJIR-1-170 OTJlB1J8eTCR
OT JlBBDB RJIR-2-170 TeM, 1JTO B ee COCT8B Be BXOABT arperaT AJIJI TepMOBLlTJli""H
11 BOpMaJiBsaI(BII, nOCKOJILKY BBCKOSBLlD: KOPA Be BYiI\p;8eTCJI B T8KOD 00pa60TKe,
II BMeCTO ABYX TpeXBaJiKOBLIX KaJlaBAPOB npBMeHJleTCJI OABB tJeTLlpeXBaJiROBblD.
nOT01JBaJi JlBBBJI RJIR-2-170 pa60TaeT CJleAYlOlI(lIM 00p8S0M. CTLIROBKa
KOBI(OB PYJIOBOB KOPA8 (BOBoro B cpaOOT8BBoro) DpOBSBOABTCJI Ba rBApaBJllflleC-
KOll Dpecce 2 C DJlBT8MB paSMepOM 200 X 1790 MM. HHmBJIJI TpaBepca Dpecca
nOABBMaeTCJI meCT1t1O rBApaBJIB1JeCRBMB I(BJiBBApaMB. nJlBTbI BarpeBalOTCJI 3J1eK-
TpB1JeCTBOM AO 250°C.
· 060aBa'leBBSI BOBYX lI8Bn: JI - lIDBBII, n - DonBa
Yi, B - BBcKoaBYi, T-
TKaBb, K - KOPA; oepBoe 'lBcno - lIaxCBMalIbBall CKOpOCTI> 06pa6OTJCR (B M/MlIB); BTOp08
QUO - AJl8Ba BIUlKOD HaJJaRAPa (B "II).
267
...
. ;.
.
i Ii,.
I I ' :\;cIs:B
to. 8;4>1\
... :5:i!!
Iin
...;.I:I
fijl
..,. I
II
"'11"'0 1
o,lI"'ji .,
..:=.o..;
a: i ':CII
...; ...:a
It' .. :0:;
U <> 1
ii
",,0 ",00
aSt
=:!
ii=!:=
3!i!
i
11 111
'8 r ci
IS" 4> 1 1I!
6
! . 1 '
.'!
CII
&
! 011 1'"
h I
=<>8
=I U
...;:::o:;=
CII!!!.....
CII
ilia'" 00.
11:
6
i
""f'!!:j""
il
l
..;
ob8 1 "
... "'1111 ...
,4> 1:1 II
....
..
h
im
;"'I
e::so
go"e liill ",,!-
III
El l ::
':
2 Ii III'" .."'m
i
I
<>IU
i
iiill
!
i8
<oi
1::1 e"
:5II....
I!!
;:
::=
Iii..:;at
\0 .<> I 1 m =:11
!. .. &"'''''1 Si
'8 0"''':''''' 1 g
1I
"4>
III ""
.,mm
I:(
U'fi1
!i
"'
i'
b
. :O:;:ljCOCllf;
. i I
4> I S..!I.
=-::
..lIm"CIII
J:: CII
& I
!'
=-:: 5"'1 =:i
t
II CII.,= "CIIo;
m "' ; <> 0 "'...
- 8 I I
I.,
... ... i ""n
illlii
I
to- 0=11= "'... CII
1 9 !i()4>"':ij
2111 0":0:;
'';
ij! 11 111
.,. i! ..;
il
!
...
..
.
PYJlOBLI KOPAa AJiBBOD: AO 1000 M YCT8B8BJlBB81OT B8 CTOBKB ABOBBOrO P8C
K8TO'IBOrO YCTpOD:CTBa 1. ROPABoe DOJlOTBO 'Iepes mBpBTeJlItBO-BLlp8BBBBalOm;ee
YCTpOD:CTBO 9 B DBT81OII(Be B8J1BRB 4 DOA8eTCJI B KOMDeBCaTOp 5 paCKaTKB. nBTalOlI(lIe
B8J1BKB DpBmDM810TCJI APyr K APyry DBeBMO
JlBHApaMB ABOD:BOrO AeBcTBBJI.
OBB p800TalOT OT 3J1eKTpOABBr8TeJlJl DOCTOJlHBOrO TOKa (MOm;HOCTItIO 2 KBT).
ROMDeHcaTop p8CKaTKB BMem;8eT 200 M KOPA8. T8KoB saDac KOPA8 AOCT8T01JeH AJlJI
6ecDepe6oiiBoD: P800TI>I arper8Ta DpODBTKB B Te1JeHBe 2,5 MBB, T. e. OOeCDe1JBBaeT
BeDpepl>IBByJO p860TY JlBBBB DPB M8KCBMaJiItBOD: CKOpOCTB B DepBOA CTLlKOBKB
KORI(OB PYJlOHOB. e APyrOD: CTOpOBLI KOMDeBcaTopa YCT8BOBJleBLI BblTJlrBBalOII(Be
BltJlBKB 6 AB8MeTpOM 152 MM, COSA81OII(Be 3a C1JeT p8SBOCTB CKOpOCTeD: C OTmBMRLlMB
BanBK8MB DpODBT01JHOB BaBBLI perYJlBpyeMoe B8TJlmeBBe KOPA8, p8BBoe 9 KH/DO-
JlOTBO.
nocJle KOMDeHC8Top8 KOPA BaDp8BJlJleTCJI B B8KYyM-01JBCTBTeJlIt 7, cBao/KeHBI>ID:
ABYMJI m;eJleBBABLlMB CODJlaMB B DLlJleCOOpBBROM. B B8KYyM-01JBCTBTeJle KOPA
01JlIlI(aeTCJI OT BOpCBHOK B DI>IJlB B 1Jepe3 B8DpaBJlJlIOm;Be B8J1BKB DOCTyDaeT B Dep-
BYIO DpODBT01JBYIO B8HBy 8 eMKOCTlt1O 540 JI. OBa CMOBTBpOBaBa R8 KOJleC8X,
OOopYAOBaBa 8BTOMaTB1JeCKB14 perYJlJlTopOM ypOBHJI B ABYMJI XpOMBpOBaHBLlMJf
B8J1BKaMB, OABH B3 KOTOpl>IX CB80meB DBeBMaTlflleCKBM DOA'LeMHLlM MeX8HB3MOM,
3TOT BaJlBR CJlYmBT AJlJI DorpymeBBJI KOPAa B p8CTBOp DpODBT01JBOrO COCTaB8.
HaA B8B80B paCDOJlOmeBI>I ABa OTmBMBLlX BaJlK8 C DpBBOAOM OT 3J1eKTpOABBr8TeJlJl
DOCTOJIBBOrO TOK8. BaJlKB DpBmBMalOTCJI APyr K APyry DHeBM8TlflleCKBM YCTPOB-
CTBOM.
nocJle BaBRLl DpeABapBTeJlItBOD: DpODBTKB KOPA DOCTyD8eT B K8Mepy B8CLIDJ;e-
BBJI 9, DpeAcT8BJlJlIOm;ylO COOOD: (>ecToBBYIO K8Mepy C HeDOABBiKBLlMB pOJlBK8MB
.AB8MeTpOM 100 MM. nepBLle TPB pOJIBRa BBmuero pJlAa oopaSYIOT YCTPOBCTBO,
KOTopoe DPB DOMOII(B DBeBMOI(DJIBBAPOB perYJlBpyeT B8TJlmeBBe KOPAa AO 9 KH/DO-
JlOTRO. KOPA B KaMepe BLlpaBBBB8eTCJI 1JeTLlpItMJI AByxBaJiKoBLlMB mBpBTeJlJlMB-
Bl>Ip8BBBBaTeJlJlMB. CTeK81Om;ne C KOPAa KaDJIB DpODBT01JBOrO COCT8B8 cooBpalOTCJI
B meJlooe, yCT8RoBJleBBOM B BBmBeD: 1JaCTB KaMepLl. npOAOJlmBTeJlItBOCTL B8CLlm;e
HBJI 1<0PAa 3 MBB, TeMDepaTypa 38°C. 3aTeM KOPA DocTyn8eT B8 YCT8HOBKY TOp-
MOSBLlX BaJiBROB 10, KOTOp8J1 COCTOBT BS DJlTB CTaJiItHLIX XpOMBpOB8BBI>IX DYCTO-
TeJlI>IX B8J1BKOB (Au8MeTpoM 370 MM), R8rpeBaeMLlX D8pOM. HaA OABBM BS B8J1BKOB
p8CDOJlOmeB DReBMaTlflleCKB DpllmBMaeMLIii oopeSBBeBHLID: BaJlBK, CDOCOOBLlD: DPB
npBmBMe KOPA8 DOAAepmDB8TIt BaTJlmeBBe AO 45,5 KH/DOJlOTHO.
nocJle TOpM03BOD: CBCTeMLI KOPA DOCTYDaeT BO BTOPYIO BaBRY 11 AJlJI OKOH-
'I8TeJIItHOD: DpODBTKB. no YCTPOBCTBY ST8 B8BB8 8B8J10rB1JBa oDBcaBRoB BLlme
BaHBe AJlJI DpeAB8pBTeJlltBOB DpODBTKB, HO AJlJI OTmBM8 KOPAa DpBMeBJlIOTCJI
TpB B8J11<8, KOTopLle OABoBpeMeBBo BCDOJlItSYIOTCJI AJlJI cOSAaBBJI Be06xOABMoro
BaTJlmeBBJI (AO 45,5 KH/DOJlOTBO) B SOH8X DpODBTKB B CymRB. HSOI>ITOK DpODBTO'l-
BOro COCTaBa OTcaCLlBaeTCJI B8KYYMOM.
npODBT8HBLlD: KOPA B8Dp8BJlJleTCJI B CymBJlKy, COCTOJlm;ylO BS ABYX CeKI(BH.
nepBaJi CeKI(BJI, H8SLlBaeMaJi oapa68BROD: CymBJlKOB 19, BMeeT m;eCTIt DpBBOABLlX
OTKpLlTLlX 6ap808BoB AB8MeTpOM 2440 MM. )J,Ba 08pa6aBa CBaomeBLI m;eTK8MB
J1,JlJI 01JBCTKB KOPA8. BTOp8J1 CeKI(BJI JlBJlJleTCJI pOJIBROBOD: CYIDBJlKOD: 14; AB8MeTp
pOJlBKOB 178 MM. Q8CTI. BJlmBBX pOJIBROB - DpBBOARLle. TeMDepaTypa B03Ayxa
B cymBJlKe - AO 170°C. BOSAYX H8rpeBaeTCJI TpeMJI D8pOBLlMB KaJlOpB(>epaMB.
.n8BJleBBe Dapa 1,5 Mna, P8CXOA D8pa 14 T/1J. QBPKYJlJlI(BJI BOSAYxa 06eCDe1JB-
B8eTCJI TpeMJI BeBTBJlJlTOpaMB; DpOBSBOABTeJlItROCTIt K8)KAorO B3 HBX 1130 MS/MBR.
CBemBD: B03AYX DOA8eTCJI BeBTBJlJlTOpOM DpOBsBOABTeJlItHOCTlt1O 565 M 3 /MBH.
npOAOJlmBTeJlItBOCTIt CymKB 3 MBB. npB cymKe KOPA MO)KBO BLlTJlBYTIt DpBMepHO
sa 5%. 3aA8RHoe BaTJlmeBBe KOPA8 B cymBJlRe (Ao 45,5 KH/DOJlOTBO) C03A8eTCJI
DBeBM8TB1JeCKBM YCTPOBCTBOM. ,
no BI>IXOAe BS CY
BJlKB KOPA DpOXOABT 1Jepes TOPM03BYIO CBCTeMY 15, aHaJlO-
I'B1JBYIO ODBC8BBOD: Bl>Ime, B DocTynaeT Ba KOMDeBcaTOp 16.. BMem;8DJ;BD: 100 M
269
I<0PA8. 3aTeM KOPA BLITJlrBB81Om;UMB B8J1BR8MU 6 1Jepea mUpBTeJlItBO-BI>IP8BBB-
B81Om;ee YCTPOBCTBO 17 DOA8eTCJI Ha SaRaT01JBOe OABOPYJlOBBOe YCTPOHCTBO 18.
ECJID me JlBBBJI paooT8eT DOT01JBO, KOPA BB CymBJlKB, MBBYJI MeX8HBSMLI 15, 18,.
DocTYDaeT DO 06xOABLIM pOJlBR8M 19 B8 YCT8BOBKY AJlJI TepMoOOp860TKB KOPAa -
TepMo08mBIO 20. eR81J8J18 KOPA DPOXOABT qepes B8TJI)KBOe mUpBTeJlItBO-BLIpaBHBB8-
IOlI(ee YCTPOHCTBO.9, rAe DOABepraeTCJI HaTJlmeRBIO AO 45,5 KH/DOJlOTBO. OTCIOA8 OB
DOCTyn8eT B TOpMOSBoe YCTPOBCTBO 21, KOTopoe COCTOBT BS ceMB XpOMlIpOBaBBLIX
ooorpeBaeMLIx D8pOM B8J1KOB ABaMeTpOM 370 MM. H
OABBM BS BaJiROB BMeeTCR
DpBmBMBOH 06peSBBeHBb1H BaJlBK, CB80meRBLlD: DBeBMaTlflleCKBM DpUmBMBLIM
YCTPOHCTBOM, COSA81OII(BM TOpMOSHoe B8TJlmeRBe Ba DOJlOTBO KOPAa AO 90 KH.
nocJle TOpMOSBoro YCTPOHCTB8 KOPA nOCTYD8eT B KaMepy TepMo06paooTKlI
.22, rAe BLITJlrBB8eTCJI DPB TeMDepaType BOSAYX8 AO 232°C. HaTJlmeHBe KOPAa.
COSA8eTCJI DpOMemYT01JBLlMB B8TJlmBLIMB B8J1KaMB 29, Ba KOTopLIe KOPA DOCTYDaeT
DO BLlXOAe BS KaMepLI. eTeDeHIt BLITJlmKB KOPA8 YCT8H8BJlBBaeTCJI DYTeM perYJIlI-
pOBaBBJI CKOpOCTB 3TBX BaJiKOB DO OTBomeBBIO K TOpMOSBLIM BaJiKaM. ABTOMaTB-
1JeCKOe DHeBM8TlflleCKoe YCTPOBCTBO perYJlBpYeT U s8nucHBaeT AaBBble 0 HaTJI
Ke-
HBB KOPAa DPB paOOTe C DOCTOJlBRLIM B8TJlmeBBeM BJiB C DOCTOJIBBOH BLlTRiKKOH.
npOAOJlmBTeJlItBOCTIt B8X0mAeRBJI KOPA8 B rOpJlqeH SOBe DOMepmBB8eTCJI nOCTOJlB-
HOH (20 c) BesaBBCBMO OT CKOpOCTB p800TLI 8rperaTa. M8KCBM8J1ltH811 BLITJlmK8
KOPA8 MO
KeT AOCTBraTIt 30%. RaMepa TepMooopa60TKB KOPAa DpeACT8BJlJleT
COOOB BepTBKaJlItHYIO maXTY C TeDJlOBSOJlBpYIOm;BM DOKpLITBeM; B8Bepxy B K8Mepe
CMOBTBpOB8HLI AB8 B8J1BR8 AB8MeTpOM 457 MM, 0"Jl8mA8eMLIe BOAoH.
nocJle TepMooopaooTKB KOPA, DpOBAJI H8TJlmHLIe B8J1KB 29, DOCTYDaeT B Ka-
Mepy nOpM8J1USaI(BB 24, YCTpoeBHyJO 8B8J10fJfllBO KaMepe TepMo06paooTKB. HaTJI-
meHBe KOPA8 DpU BOpMaJlBSa
B COSAaeTCJI DPB DOMOm;B B8TJlmHLIX B8J1KOB 25.
R8Mep8 TepMo06p860TKB ooOrpeBaeTCJI rOpJl1lUM Boa
YXOM, B8rpeB8eMbIM B K8J10-
pB4>ep8x TOD01JBLIMU r8aaMB, nOJlYtJ8eMNMB CmUr8BJ1eM r8SOBoro BJiU mBAKora-
TODJlBB8 B De1JB. P8cxoA mBAKOrO TODJlBB8 paBeB 1050 JI/1J, pacXOA cmaToro BOS-
AYX8 (AaBJleBBeM 0,56 Mn8) AJlJI 4>OPCYBOK - AO 11 M 8 /MBB.
nocJle OKOB1J8RIIJI ROpMaJlBa8I(BB KOPA 1Jepes mBpBTeJlItBO-BLIp8BBBB81OII(B&
YCTPOBCTB8 26 B DBT81OII(Be B8J1BRB 27 DocTynaeT B KOMDeBC8TOp S8KaTKB 28, BMeII(8-
IOII(BH 100 M KOPA8. npB paSAeJiItBOB p800Te YtJ8CTKOB JlBHD DpODBT8HBLIH B TepMO-
00p860T8BBLIB KOPA DPB DOMOII(B DBT8TeJlltBLlX BaJiKOB DOAaeTCJI Ba AByxBaJiKOBO&
S8K8T01JBOe YCTPOBCTBO 30, rAe S8K8TLIB8eTCJI oes DpOKJl8AKB. CBJla H8TJliReHBIf
KOPAa DPB saKaTKe perYJlBpyeTcSI 8BTOM8T'B1JeCKB.
npB pa60Te KaJlaRAPOBoro arperaTa paSAeJiItBO OT DpODBTKB PYJlOHLI DpODBTaH-
Boro KOPAa yCT8R8BJlBB81OTCJI B8 ABoBBoe p8CKaT01JHOe YCTPOHCTBO 92. nOCJI&
coeABHeHBJI KOHI(OB KOPAa Ha CTLIKOB01JROM rBAP8BJlB1JeCKOM Dpecce, aH8J10rll1J-
HOM Dpeccy 2, KOPA qepes IDBpBTeJlItRO-BLIp8BBBBalOlI(ee YCTPOHCTBO 94 B DBT81Om;Be-
B8J1BKB 95 DOCTYDaeT Ba KOMDeBcaTOp p8CK8TKB 96, BMe1I(a101I(Bii 150 M ROPlt8.
npB HeDpepLIBBoH paooTe JlBBBB KOPA 1Jepes OoxoABLIe pOJlBKB 91 DocTYDaeT
DpJlMO Ha KOMDeBC8TOp 96. BLITSlrBB81OII(BMB BaJlBKaMB 97 KOPA DepeA8eTCJI Ba
4>ecToBBo-ponBKoBYIO CymBJlKY 98, rAe OB CymBTCJI B BarpeB8eTCJI. ,naJlee KOPA
BLITJlrBBalO
BaJlBR8MB 99 DOA8eTCJI Ba DepBLIH TpeXB8J1KOBLlB K8J18HAP 40
C TpeyrOJl).BLIM paCDOJlOmeBBeM BaJiKOB. H8 3TOM KaJl8RApe KOPA 06pesBBBBaeTcH
C OABOH CTOpOBLI B B8DpaBJlJleTCJI U8 KOMDeHC8TOp K8J18BAPOB 41, Docne KOTOpOr&
YCTaBOBJleR p-JlYtJeBoB TOJlm;BBOMep, perYJlBPYIOm;BH TOJlII(BHY CJlOJI peSBHLI.
BTopaJi CTOpOB8 KOPA8 06pesBHBBaeTcJI Ha BTOpOM TpeXB8J1KOBOM TpeyrOJlIt-
BOM KaJlaBApe 42. H8 3TOM KaJl8HApe TOJlII(BH8 00KJl8AKB perYJlBpYeTCJI TaKm&
8BTOMaTB1JeCKB - p-JlY1JeBLIM TOJlII(BBOMepOM 42'. nBT81Om;BMB B8J1BKaMB 49 KOPA
DOA8eTCJI Ba 20 XOJlOABJlItRLIX 68P808BOB 44, rAe OB OXJl8mA8eTCJI B S8TeM DOCTY-
D8eT Ba KOMDeBC8TOp 45, 00eCDe1JBB81Om;Bii HeDpepLlBROCTIt p800TLI K8J18BApa
DpB DepeS8PJlARe S8K8T01JBLIX CT8BKOB. ROMDeBc8Top BMem;aeT 100 M M8TepB8J18.
nocJle IDBpBTenItBO-BLIp8BBBB81OII(ero YCTPOHCTB8 46 KOPA DPOXOABT 1Jepes samBM-
270
BLie DB.T81OII(Be B8J1BRB 47 B DOCTYD8eT B8 JllOooe BS ABYX S8R8T01JBLlX YCTPOBCTB
48. TexBlfllecKBe X8p8KTepBCTBRB DOT01JBLlX JlBBBD: KJIR-1-170 B KJIK-2-170
.opBBeAeBLI B T86J1. 9.1.
JIBBBB KJIK-1-170 B KJIK-2-170 DOCJle OCBOeHBJI JlBBBB JInR-80-1BOO OYAYT
'CHJlTY C DpOBSBOACTB8. JIBB.BJI JInR-80-1BO DpeAHaSBa1JeB8 AJlJI BeDpepLlBHOD:
npODBTI<B (ABYXCT8ABiiBOD:), CymKB, TepMooop800TKB B 06peSBBBBaBBJI nOJiBaMBA-
Boro KOPA8 co CKOpOCTlt1O AO 80 M/MHB. OH8 COCTOBT BS Tpex CUiOCTOJlTeJlItBLIX
arper8TOB: AnK-BO-1800, ATR-80-1800 B AOR-2-80-1800, ODBCaBBLIX Bblme
(CM. pBC. 9.4, 9.5, 9.6), ROTopLIe MorYT paooTaTlt caMOCTOJlTeJlItBO B B OOlI(eM DOTORe.
TeXRB1JeCR8J1 xap8KTepBCTBR8 nBBD JInK-80-1800, JlBK-BO-1800 B BXO JI-
.II(IIX B IIX COCTaB 8rper8TOB DpeACT8BJleB8 B T80Jl. 9.1. · :
B SaKJlI01JeBBe ReooXoABMO OTMeTBTIt, '{TO Bce ODBC8BHLle JlBlUIB paO TalOT
no KJl8CClflleCKOD: cxeMe, T. e. B nOCJleAOBaTeJlItHOCTB: CTLIKOBKa, DpODDTRa, cyIDRa,
TepMOBLITJlmK8, HOpM8l1B8 JI, oopeSBBBBaBBe, S8K8TR8. B nOCJleARBe rOALI
- DOJlBBJlBCIt. YCT8BOBKB, P800TaIOm;ue DO T8K B8SLIB8eMOD: 06P8THoi cxeMe. B 3TOM
CJlYtJ8e KOPA CBa1J8J18 nOABepralOT TepMo06paOOTKe, 8 saTeM DpODDTKe, cymKe
B 06peaBBBBaHBIO. no HeROTopLIII AaBRLIM, np01JBOCTIt CBJlSB p.eSBBLI C DOJlB8M -
BLlM ROPAOM DPB STOM Bame.
PHA s8pyoemBLIx (>BpM BsrOT8BnBB8eT JlBBBB, KOTopLIe MorYT paOOTaTIt K8K
DO RJI, aCClflleCROD: T8K B DO oopaTBOB cXeMe.
9.3_ 060PYAOBAHHE Ami 06PE3HHHBAHHfI
METAnnOKoPAA
B DOCJleAHBe rOALI paCXOA MeTaJlJlOROPAa B mBBHOD: DpOMamJleHHOCTB peSRO
'B03PQC. 3TO o61.JlCBJleTCJI YBeJllflleBlieM BblnyCR8 mBB p B8J1ItBOD: KOBCTpyKI(BB
He TOJlItKO C MeTaJlJlOROPABLIM opeKepOM, RO B C MeTaJlJlOKOPARLIII K8pKaCOM.
)J,JlJI M8CCOBoro DpOBSBOACTB8 oopeSBBeBHoro MeT8J1J10KOPA8 p8apa60TaHLI
CDeI(B8J1ItBHe BIIALI 060PYAOB8BBJI. HSBeCTBLI 1JeTLIpe CDOC008 06peSBBIIBaBBJI
lIeT8J1J10ICOPAa: BaBBBKOD: MeT8J1J10KOPAROD: JleRTLI Ba 68P80aB, XOJlOADLIM Ay6J1B-
pOBaRBeM, 06pa60TKOD: H8 1JepB1I1JBLIX M8mBB8X B K8J18HAP8X. H8 OTe1JeCTBeHHblX
saBoA8X DpBMeHJlIOT DepBLID: B DOCJleARBii CDoc06LI. JlJI BX iIpOBe eHBJI COOTBeTCT-
'BeHBO BCDOJlItSYIOTCJI CT8BKB B KaJl8BAPLI.
'CT8HOK AM oopeSBBBBaBBJI MeTaJIJIOROPA8. Cnocoo HaBBBKB MeT8J1J10KOPAROD:
BBTB M8J10npOBSBOABTeJleH; OR DpBMeBJleTCJI B 'leX DpOB3BOACTBat, rAe paCXOA
. MeTaJlJlOKOPAa HeBeJlHR. CT8BOR COCTOBT B OCHOBROM BS DJlTB 1JaCTeB: 08pa08H8,
rJlaBBOrO BaJla, CYDDOPT8, P8CK8TO'{BOD: CTOBKB B DpBR8T01JBOrO MeX8RBSM8.
Bp8m;eBJIe rJlaBBOrO B8J18 B 6ap808B8, a T8Rme XOAOBoro BBBT8 cynDopTa
ocym;ecTBJlJleTCJI 1Jepes I(eDByro B aY01J8Tyro nepeAa1JB OT 3J1eKTpOABBr8TeJlJl DOC-
TOJIBBOrO TOKa. PeSlIROBblU BaJIBR MeX8BJ1SM8 DPBK8TKB AJlJI BOSBp8m;eBBJI
DpBR8T01JHLlX pOJlBKOB B BcxOAHoe DOJlOmeBJIe DpBBOABTCR B ABBmeHBe OT 3J1eKTpO-
ABBr8Te JI DepeMeUBoro TOR8.
PaOOT8 D'8 CT8RKe DpOBSBOABTCJI B CJleAYlOm;eM DOpJlAKe. Ha. p8SBepBYTblU
oapaO H B8KJl8ALlB81OT CJlOD: peSBBLI, CTLlKYWT ero BR8XJleCTKY B DpOMaaLlBalOT
KJleeM. nYCK810T CTaHOK B H8BBBalOT MeT8J1J10ROPA C 3aAaHHLlM marOM. H8CTpOUKa
CTaHKa Ha sa 8BHblD: mar ocym;eCTBJlJleTCJI DPB DOMOm;B «rBTapLl» B Baoop8 sy61Ja-
'1'LlX KOJleC, p8CDOJlOmeHHblX Ra S8ADeU CTeBRe CTaHBBLI. HaBBTLIii KOPA ABa mALl
npOM8SLIBalOT KJleeM, DpOCymBB81OT B B8KJl8AHB81OT B8 CJlOD: peSBHLI, KOTOpLIU
CTLlRYeTCJI TaK 1I(e, K8K B HllmBBD: CJlOU. BepXBBD: CJlOD: pesBBLI DpBK8TLIBalOT
.. B Ta6J1. 9.1 npJlBep;eJlbl TalOl(e TeXBB1I8CKBe XapaKTepJlCTBKB nmmi 11JI1I nponBTKH, cym-
RB, TepMo06pa60Tlm H 06pesBBBBaBHlI TKaBei HS DOJiHaMJIABLIx H nonB8ifiBpJIHX BOJlOKOB,
pa6OTIUO RX co CKOpOCTJlMH p;o 40 H t2 MlMBtl. B COCT8.B aTBX JUtBU BXOP;IIT MamHBhI H
ytTpoiC1'Ba, aBaJlOrR'lJlble OnuC8BBLtM BhIDle. .
27t
py1JBLlM pOJlBKOM DPB Bpam;eBIIB Oapa08Ba' «TOJl1JK8MB» B SaTeM BKJlI01J8IOT
MeX8BBSM npBK8TKB.
AJlJI CBJlTBJI 06pe8BBeBBOrO MeT8JIJlOROPA8 oap868B CRJl8ALIBaeTCJI; B DpOCBeT
MemAY Op8CJleTOM OOpeSBBeBBOrO MeT8J1J10ROPAa B OTRBAHLIM CerMeBTOM 68pa68RB
BBOAJ{T BBOpOBO)KBBI(LI B Op8CJleT p8Spe381OT DOA SaA8BBLIM yrJlOM (DO DpeAB8pB-
TeJlItBO B8BeCeBBOB pBCRe). nOJlOTB e OOpeSBBeBHOrO MeT8J1J10ROPAa CBBKalOT
C 68p808Ba (DpB MeAJleHBOM Bp81I(eBBB TOJl1JK8MB) B DepeA810T Ba P8CRpOH.
llpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTIt CTaBK8 COCTaBJlJleT 2-3 Op8cJleT8/1J. )J,BaMeTp B AJlBBa
68p86aB8 p8BBLI 1200 MM, oRPymB8J1 CKOpOCTIt DPB B8BBBKe - 100 M/MBB,
DPB DpBR8TKe - 50 M/MBB. m8r B8BBBRB MOmeT MeBJlTItCJI cTYDeB1J8TO B DpeAeJl8X
OT 1,67 AO 3,33 MM. H8TJlmeBBe BBTB DpB BUBBRe AO 50 RH. MOII(BOCTIt ycn-
BOBJleRBLIX SJleRTpOABBr8TeJleB DOCTOJIBBOrO TOR8 9 RBT, DepeMeBHoro TOR8
0,6 KBT.
llpB OOJlltmBX PMXOA8X MeTaJlJlOROPAa ero 06pe3BBBBaBBe DpOB3BOAJlT BB
DOT01JHLlX JlBBBJlX. B B8CTOJlm;ee BpeMJI B8 OTe1JeCTBeHBLlX saBoA8X AJlJI OOpeSBBB-
B8BBJI MeT8J1J10ROPA8 DpBMeBJlIOTCJI JIBBBJI 592-73 (BLIDYCK ROTOPOB DpeRpalI(eB)
B BOBLle JlBBBB JIOMR-BOOB B JIOMR-BOOR.
OopesBBBB8BBe MeTaJlJlOROPAa DpOBSBOABTCJI DPB CKOpOCTB 8 - 24 M/MBH.
TeMDep8TYP8 B8J1KOB R8J18BAP8 DpB 00pesBBDB8BBB CM9C1t1O H8 OCBOBe B8TypaJlIt-
Boro RayqyKa DOMepmBBaeTCJI B DpeAeJiaX 75-85 °e AJlJI BLIBOCBoro B BBmHero
BaJiKOB B 80-90 °e AJlJI BepXHero B cpeARero B8J1KOB. BOJiltmoe BJlBJlBBJI Ha R8-
tf9CTBO 06pesBBeBHoro MeT8J1J10ROPARoro DOJlOTH8 OK83LIB8eT p8BBOMepHOCTIt
DBT8BBJI R8J18BApa pesBBoBoH CMeCItIO.
TexBlfllecK8J1 X8paKTepBCTBKa JlBBBii 592-73, JIOMR-BOOB B JIOMR-BOOR
AJlJI 00pesBBBB8BBJI MeT8J1J10KOPAa DpBBOABTCII B T80Jl. 9.2.
nOT01JB8J1 JlBBBJI AJlJI 06pesBBBBaBBJI MeT8J1J10KOPAa 592-73 p8CC1JBT8B8
Ba BLIDyCR MeT8J1J10ROPABoro DOJlOTH8 C MaKCBMaJiltBOH nmpBB.OB 1500 MM. OAR8KO
BSrOTOBJleBBe T8RBX mBpOKBX DOJlOTeB HeI(eJleCOOOpaSBO, TaR RaK DPB aTOM DOJlB-
JlJleTCJI oOJlltme AecileRTOB, 1JeM DPB 06peSBBBB8BBB oOJlee YSRBX DOJlOTeR, CJlOmBee
H8J18AKa JlBBBB DepeA pa60TOH B TJI>KeJlee 06p86oTRa MeTaJlJlOROPAROro nOJlOTB8
H8 DOCJleAYIOm;BX ODepa JlX (p8CKpOH B CTLlKOBK8). RpOMe Toro, M8mBBLI, Mexa-
BB3MLI, YCTPOHCTB8 B y3J1L1 TaKoH JlBBBB DOJlY1J8IOTCJI 01JeHL CJlOmBLIMB B MeT8J1-
JlOeMKHMB. l103TOMY BOBLIe JlBBRB B COBeTCKOM eOlO3e B S8 pyoemoM paCC1JBT8BLI
H8 06peSBBBBaHBe DOJlOTB8 MeT8J1J10KOPA8 mBpBHoB AO 800 MM. AJlJI COXpaReBBJI
BLlCOKOH DpOBSBOABTeJlItROCTB JlBHBB YBeJlB1JBB8IOT CROpOCTIt 06P860TKB ROPA8.
JIBBBB JIOMK-800E B JIOMK-800K. HOBLle DOT01JBLle JlBBBB JIOMR-BOOB
B JIOMR-BOOR p8SJlB1J8IOTCJI CDoc060M 3aK8TRB 00pe3BBeRHoro MeTaJlJlOROPAa -
Ra OOOBBLI (B) B B KapeTKB (R).
JIBBBJI JIOMR-800R (pBC. 9.8) DpeAB83B81JeB8 AJlJI oopesBBBBaBBJI MeT8J1-
JlOKOPABOrO DOJlOTB8 mBpBBoH AO BOO M. 3T8 JlBBBJI BKJlIOQ8eT B OOBOBBOM ABa
DepeABBmHLIx 0ABosTamBLlx mDYJlJlpBBK8 1, Dpecc 2 AJlJI coeABBeRBJI MeTaJlJlO-
KOPABorO DOJlOTB8 DPB CMeBe mDYJlIt, HBTeB8Dp8BJlJlIOII(ee YCTPOHCTBO a, 1JeTblpeX-
BaJiROBLIH r-06p8SHLIB K8J18BAP 4 C B8J1KaMB paSMepOM 500 x 1250 MM, BOCItMB-
oap80aRBYlO OXJl8ABTeJlLHyJO MamBHY 6, 1JeTLIpeXDeTJleBOH KOMDeBC8TOp 7, neBTpB-
pylO ee YCTPOHCTBO 8, TJlBy ee YCTpOD:CTBO 9, oTpe3HoB CTaBOK 10 H ABa 38K8T01J-
BLlX CTaRKa 11. CROPOCTI. oope3BBBBaHBJI MeT8J1J10KOPA8 B8 3TOB JlBHHB AOCTBr8eT
50 M/MBH. nOCKOJIItRY mBpBB8 DOJlOTR8 Be DpeBLIm8eT 800 MM, 1JBCJlO mDYJleB:
B mDYJlJlpBBKe OLlJlO yMeBltmeBO AO 504, 1JTO DOSBOJlBJlO CAeJl8TIt ero 0AR03T8mHbllI
B 60Jlee YAOOBblM AJlJI nepeS8pJlA}(B. OCH8m;eHBe R8mAOro mDYJlJlpHBK8 BBTeB8Dp8B-
JlJlIOm;BMB YCTpOHCTBaMB, S8DpaBKY KOTOpLIX MomBO DpOBSBOABTL DPB ero 3apJl)J,Re,
DOSBOJlJleT COKp8TBTIt DpOCTOB DPB CMeBe illDYJlIt. npOCTOB COKp8 8IOTCJI T8Kme
S8 C1JeT p860TI>I Dpecca 2 AJlJI CTLlROBRB MeTaJlJlOKOPA8. MeT8J1J10KOPAHoe DOJlOTBO
DOA8eTCJI R SaK8TOQBLlM CTaRK8M cBepxy, a Be ropBSOBT8J1ltBO (K8K 3TO AeJl8eTCJI
B JlBBJIB 592-73). 3TO AODOJlBBTeJlltBo DOBLIm8eT DpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTIt JlBBBB S8
272
t8 3aICaa 163
...
":0
,
/ (
e
C
01
IE
-"
.:
II
I::
t S
i
:: 2'>
i C
lIIi
i'
zS
,go I
o
....
0'"
So
g!
1 0
..t'"
Ii
:a=
=r:
II
.......
i"
c
oC
t
i$
I s
If. a
o 0.
II
air
Ji: Si
:II I"
:=")
= .
= gB
°ii
=
i!
: ;0
Q, t=
'8 :B
II!
:
a
;
o t"
r
I our
Q I
::ai
o g....
==j.
:= ..
11:1 ..ao
11:1 =",=
== IC:B t
g.c:
00 sl=
. !:. 011 Q
0: a
:':
Q lio
III I
=
CI.o ... I';!>
1'46Aull4 9.2. TeXBB.eeKas xapaneJIBCTlUCA DOTO.BWX mum"
HR o6peSBBBBaBBR M8TannoBop
a
TBD DRBB
592 - 73 . I nOMK-800B
JIOMK-800R
JIau60JlbmaR mBpna o6pa6aTIoIBaeMOrO MeTaJl-
lIOROpP;BOro DOaOTBa, MM . . . . . . . . . . .
CROPOCTb, M/MDB .
aanpaBO.BaR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pa60.aR ..................
PerYJlUpYMOe pa6o.ee BaTRH<eBBe ROMa Ba Y'la-
CTRax JlHBBB
muYJlRpBUK-RaJlaB,!{p, H/BBTb . . . . .
RanaRAP-aaRaTKa, H/nonOTBO . . . . .
RaHaBp;p-TpeXBaJlROBaR TRByJlbBaR CTaan;BII,
H IBBTh ..................
TIIBy JlbBall CTaan;nR- KOMneBCaTOp-aaRaTRa,
H/nTb ...........
EMROCTb ROMDeBcaropa, M '"
Bop;a AJlII oXJIlUlCp;eBBJI 6apa6aBOB
p;aBJleBBe, MOa ....,..
TeMJIepaTY
a, ec ....
pacxop;, M I. . . . . . .
BoaP;Yx
p;aBJIeaue B JlHBBR, MOa . . . . .
pacxop;, MIl. . . . . . . . . . . . .
.TeMnepaTYpa o6peaneBBOrO ROpp;a noone XOHo-
P;BJlbBOii MalllllBH, °c . . . . . . . . . . . .
,06
aR MO
BOCTb aJleKTpO
uraTeJleii (C RaJlaRA-
pOM), RBT . . . . . . .
Ta6apRTBHe paaMep.., MM
. AJlna
IDBpuBa
BIoICOTa .
Macea, T . .
· JlBIDIR CUT8 0 npOB8BOJlCTB8.
.. JlBRBIi JIOMR-800K.
... JllmBli nOMR-800B.
tSOO
3
8-24
25
5-15
2.5-5
48
0.4
o t7
0.5
25
37 295
t5 840
5280
t3t.60
800
5
JQ.::-_
30
3000
28
0.4
o t7
35
0.5
25
30-35
223..;227...
27 000
14735
5 no
tOO.O
_"1JeT COKpalI(eBBJI BpeMeBB DepeSapJlAl(B OOOBH B, KpoMe Toro, oOJlenaeT YCJlOBBJI
TPYAa Ra 3TOD: oDepa
.
no cpaBBeRBIO C JlBBBeD: 592-73 DOT01JBaJi JlBBBJI JIOMR-BOOK saHBMaeT
B 1,5 pasa MeBltmyJO DJlOm;aAIt B BO CTOJILKO me pas MeHltme ee MeTaJlJlOeMKOCTIt,
8 DpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTIt DpB MaKCBMaJiItBOD: CKOpOCTB oopeSBHBBaBBJI MeTaJlJlOKOPAa
BABoe Bwme.
B CBJlSB C pOCTOM DpOBSBOACTBa mBB TBDa P B CCCP B sa Py6emoM BBTeBCBBBO
BeAyTcJI paOOTLI DO COSAaBBIO BLICOKODpOBSBOABTeJlItHLIX aBTOMaTB1JeCKBX DOT01J-
RLIX JlBBBD:, BKJlI01JaIOII(BX He TOJlItKO oopeSBHBBaHBe MeTaJlJlOKOPAa, BO B Bce
DOCJIeAYIO
Be ODepaI(BB BDJlOTIt AO BSrOTOBJleRBJI MeTaJlJlOKOPAHLlX AeT8J1eD:
DOKpLImKB. TeBAeBI(BJI K YMeRltmeHBIO mBpmw: DOJlOTBa COXpaBJleTCJI. Paspa-
6aTLlBalOTCJI DOT01JBLle JlBBD AJIJI 00peSBBBB8HBJ1 YSKBX JleBT - mBpBBOD: 150
B Aame 100 MM.
HeKOTopLle sapyoemHLIe c)BpMLI BLIDYCKalOT MamBBLI AJlJI BSrOTOBJleBBJI
AeTa.iIen DOKpLIillKB BS OABB01JBOB MeTaJlJlOKOPABOD: BBTB, oopeSBReHBOD: Ba 1Jep-
BJl1JHOB MamBHe XOJlOAHOrO DBTaBBJI.
274
9.4. YCTAHOBKA Ami 06PE3HHHBAHHfI TKAHEft
nonOTHflHoro nEPEnnETEHHfI
)J,JlJI 00pe3BBBBaBRJI TKaBeD: DOJlOTBJlBOrO nepenJleTeBJlR DpR1>tenJiIOT YCTa-
BOBKB, BKJlI01JalOm;Be TpeXBaJiKOBLle RaJiaBAPLI. 061>J11RO B TaRYIO YCTaHOBKY BXO-
ABT ABOD:uOe paCKaT01JHOe YCTPOUCTBO, mBeiiBaJi MamBB8 AJlJI cmBB8HlIJi KOHI(OB
TKaRB PYJlOHOB (BJIB Dpecc AJlJI BX CTblKOBKB), KOMDeBcaTOp C a;aTJlmHLJMB BaJiKaMR
B I(eHTpBPYIOm;BM YCTPOUCTBOM, 6apa08BBaJi BepTBKaJlLBaJi cymBJlK8 6ea DpBBOAa,
TpeXBaJiKOBLIU K8J18BAP, Morym;Bii paOOTaTIt DpJlMLIM B 06paTBLlM XOAOM B BMelOm;Bii
aaKaT01JBOe DpBCDOC06JIeHRe Ba CTaBRRe AJlJI saKaTblBaBBJI PYJlOBOB DOCJle DepBoro
nponycR8, KOMneRcaropbl, BepTlIKaJlItRble XOJlOABJIItHLIe oapa6aBLI B aaKaT01JHOe
YCTPOBCTBO )\JlJI S8KaTblBaHBJI DpopeaBHeHRLIX MaTepBaJlOB B DpORJlaAKy. )J,JlJI
aaBOAOB OOJlLmOB MOID,HOCTB peKOMeBAYeTCJI DpBMeBJlTIt YCTaHOBKB BS ABYX DOCJle-
,i(OBaTeJlLHO YCT8HOBJIeHHLlX KaJlaBAPOB (B TaHAeM) C HeooxoABMOU OCH8CTKOU.
CBeAeBBlI 0 HOBhlX arperaTax AJlJI oopesBRBBaBRJI TKaHeu DOJlOTHJlHOrO
DepeDJleTeHBJI npBBe,1J,eHLI Bblme.
9.5. ArPErATbi Anfl 3AKPOfi H OT60PA cnOEB
TEKCTHnbHoro KOPAA
CHOII KopAa AJlJI C60PKB aBTODOKpblmeK BsrOTaBJlBB81OTCJI Ba ABarOBaJiItBO-
peSaTeJlLHLIX M8mBHax, onRcaHHblX B rJl. 8. B RaCTOHm,ee BpeM" HaMeTBJlaCIt
TeH,1J,eBI(BJI npl1MeHJlTb DpeBMYlI(eCTBeBRO rOpBSOHTaJiItBLIe ABarOR8J1ItRo-peaaTeJlL-
IILle MaIIIRHbI T01JBOrO pesa C aBTOMaTB1JeCKBM ynpaBJleBBeM. )J,R8rOHaJiItHO-peaa-
TeJIItHble MamRUbI cBa6m81OTCJI ABOBBLIMB B TpOUBLIMB paCK3'P01JHLlMU CTOBKaMR,
nOaBOJlJlID,BMB YCT8BaBJIBBaTIt ABa PYJlOHa KOPAa B oOJlee. npBMeDeBBe ABOBHLIX
paCKaT01JHLlX npBCDOCOOJleHRU BCKJlI01JaeT HeOOXOABMOCTIt OCT8ROBKB peSaTeJIItHOU
MamBHLl Ha nepea8pJIARY. )J,BOBRLIe paCKaT01JBLIe DpBCDOCOOJleHBJI nplIMeBJlIOTCJI
,1J,JlJI YCTaHOBKH PYJlOHOB U KapeTOK, ABBmYII(BXCJI DO MOBOpeJiLCaM.
l.IpeaBLl1JaBHo BaiKHoii: ODepaI(BeU, ODpeAeJlJllOlI(eU DpOBSBOAHTeJlItHOCTIt ABaro-
BaJIbHO-peaaTeJIItHblX M8IIIBH, JlBJlJleTCJI oT60p B8pesaHBblX DOJlOC KOPAa. llpB-
MeHJlIOTCJI CJle,1J,YIOII(Be TPB cDoc06a oT60pa: 1) OTOOp II CTNKOBKa a8RpoeHHblX nOJIOc.
C DOCJleAYlOlI(eB BX aaKaTKoii: B YSKyJO DpoKJlaAKy B BaJlBKlI, KapeTKB BJIB KapTymB;
2) oT60p DOJlOC KOp,1J,a C TpaHCDopTepa peSaTeJIItHOB MamHBLI B DepeAa1Ja IIX HeDO-
cpeACTBeHHO na nHTaTeJllI c6opo1JBLlX BJIB OpaCJleTBLIX CTaBKOB BJiB ua CTLIKOB01J-
HLlB TpaHcnopTep C nOCJIeAYIOII(BM RaDpaBJIeHBeM JleRTLI Ba KaJlaHAP ,1J,JlJI BaJlOmC-
HBJI peSBHOBLlX npOCJlOeK; 3TOT CDoc06 nOSBOJlJleT BCKJlI01JBTIt DpBMeHeHBe npOKJl8-
A01JHblX M8TepB8J10B; 3) saKaTK8 HapeaaBHLIX DOJlOC KOPAa B mBpoKylO DpOKJla)\KY;
npB 3TOM cnoc06e HBmHJlJI DJleBK8 peaBBLI Re DpopeaaeTCJI AO KOHI(a B, TaKRM oopa-
30M. I(eJlbHOCTb DOJlOrn8 Be RapymaeTCJI; DpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTIt peSaTeJlItULIX MamBB
BoapOCTaeT D01JTB BABoe B OTDaAaeT BeOOXOABMOCTIt B YSKOU npOKJl8AKe AJlJI a8-
KaTKB B8pesaHHLlX nOJloc; OARaKO 3TOT CDoc06 Re DOJlyqBJI mBpOKoro npHMeHeHBIJ
us-sa CJlOiKHOCTB oT60pa DOJlOC Ba nOCJleAYlOlI(RX ODepa:o.BJlX.
B HaCTOJllI(ee BpeMJI neAYTCJI pa60TLI DO COSAaBRIO MamBB AJlJI aBTOM8TB1JeCKOrO
OToopa B CTLIKOBKB DOJIOC. )J,JlJI oT60pa B CTLIKOBKB CJlOeB CJlymaT CTblKOB01JHble
CTOJlbl BJiB TpaHcnopTepLI, YCTaBaBJlBB8eMLIe nepneHABKYJlRpBO ]II nOA yrJloM'
K peaaTeJlItHOU MaIIIBBe BJiB B OABY JlBHRIO C BeB. B KOB:o.e CTOJIa BJIB Tp8HCDopTepa
YCT8HaBJIBBaeTCJI aaKaT01JHLlU CTaBOK, KOHCTpyKI(BJI ROToporo saBBCBT OT TBDa
DpBMeHJleMOro DpBeMHoro YCTpOBCTBa. BblDYCKalOTCJI CT8BKB AJlJI saKaTKB CJlOeB
B8 600BHLI, B KapTymR, KaCCeTbI B Ba KapeTKB, DepeABBraeMLIe DO MOHOpeJiItCaM.
B BsrOTaBJIRBaeMblB B CCCP 8rperaT HPY-72A AJlJI paCKpOR ROPAa, CTLlKOBKH'
B8peS8BBLlX DOJIOC (KOCJlKOB) II SaKaTKB COCTLIKOBaRBOU JleHTLI B DpORJlaAKY Hft
KapeTKR BXOAJlT AB8 paCKaT01JRLIX CT8RKa PT-3, ABYX3TamBblB ROMDeHcaTOp.
AB8rOBaJiItBO-peSaTeJlItHaJi MamBBa 586-8, Tp8BCDopTep
JIIeXaBRSMOM DplIKaTKlI,
tS* 275.
a8KaTQ1JBOe DpBCDOco6J1eRBe, pOJIltraBr, ABe DJlOm;aAKB II AP. ArperaT XapaKTe-
pBsyeTcJI cJleAyJOm;BMB AaHRLlMB: IDBpBHa OTpeSaeMLIX DOJlOC R8 ABarOBaJlI>HO-peSa-
TeJlbHOii MaWBBe paBHa 200-980 MM. 'tIBCJlO peSOB B 1 MBB paBHO 18. illBpBBa JleBTLI
TpaRCDopTepa arperaTa 1100 MM. Pa601JBe CKOpOCTB CTLlKOB01JROrO TpaRCDopTepa 15,
20, 30 M/MBB. )J,aBJleBBe BOSAYxa B ceTB AJlJI SaKaT01JHOrO DpBCDOC06J1eHBJI 0,6 Mn8,
paCXOA cmaToro BosAyxa 0,2 MJ/1J. nOTpe6J1J1eMaJi MOm;ROCTIt 3J1eRTpOABBraTeJlJl
20 KBT. ra6apBTBLIe paSMepLI arperaTa 32 500 X 47000 X 3500 MM, Macca 12,71 T.
)J,JlJI saKaTKB KOCJlKOB KOPAa B BaJlBRB BSrOTaBJIBBaeTCJI CTaBOK HPO-1613
mBpBBoii 1200 B AJlBBoii 2500 MM C SaKaTOqBLIM YCTpoiicTBOM. HaB60JlltwaJl mBpBBa
HapeS8BBblX DOJlOC 1080 MM; ABaMeTp BaJlBKa (606BHLI) 110 MM, AJiBBa 1150 MM;
ABaMeTp pYJlOHa 250 11M; AnHBa DpOKJlSAKB 18 M, mBpllHa 1150 MM, CKOpOCTIt
saKaTKB 0,8-1,88 M/c, MOm;BOCTIt 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJlJl 1 KBT. )J,JlJI HaKaTKB 60Jlee
KPYDBLlX PYJlOBOB - ABaMeTpoM AO 420 MM - DpBMeHJleTCJI S8KaT01JHLlii CTaHOK
1720, KOTOpblB DO YCTpoiiCTBY aBaJlOrlflleH cTaBKY HPO-1613.
9.6. ArPErATbl Ami HAnomEHHfI PE3HHOBbiX npocnOEK
HA cnOH TEKCTHnbHoro KOPAA
fiocJle paCKpOJI DpopeSBHeBBoro KOPAa Ba 1JaCTIt BapeaaBHLlX DOJlOC HaKJlaALI-
BaIOT peSBHOBLIe DpoCJlOBKB (cKBBAmB). HSBeCTBLI Tpn cDoc06a BaJlOmeRBJI Dpo-
CJlOeK: ropJl1JBii, DOJlyropJl1JDii B XOJlOARLlii. HaB60Jlee 1JaCTO DpBMeHJleTCJI DOJlY-
ropJl1JBii. CDoc06 BaJlOmeHBJI peSBBOBLIX DpOCJlOeK.
r 0 p JI 1J B ii C DOC 0 6 SaKJlI01J8eTCJI B BaKJlaALIBaHBB peSBBOBLlX DOJlOCOK
BeDocpeACTBeBBO Ra KaJlaHApe. OCHOBBOB BeAOCTaTOK 3Toro cDoc06a - CABHr
BBTeii KOPAa BCJleACTBBe BosAeiicTBBJI BaJiKOB KaJlaHApa. n03TOMY ropJl1JuD: CDO-
c06 DpBMeBJleTCJI B HaCTOJllI(ee BpeMJI peAKO.
J
.
Pac. 9.9. ArperaT
JI saJlO2KeBBJI pe8BBOBJ.1X npoenoeK sa enol ROPAa:
1 - C'J'WROBO'lHlollt TPaHCDOPTeP; B - J<OllUleRCSTOP; 8 - qeBTPlIP}'IOJqee GpBCDocoClaeRBe lIall BloIpaBRBBaBJ[R
KOp.ll8: 4 - nRCTOBaJlbHWlt IC8aaBllP; 6 - AY6mJpoBO'IHIoIIt BaIIIIIC; 8 - XOJIOIUIRbRWe 6ap86aRW; 'I - aaK8TOq-
Hoe YCTPOItCTBO.
n 0 JI Y r 0 p Jl1J B ii CD 0 C 0 6. npB 3TOM cDoc06e peSBBOBYIO JleBTY,
BLmy
eHHYIO H8 JlBCTOBaJiItHOM KaJl8BApe, Ay6J1BPYIOT C KOPAOM Ba JleBT01JROM
TpaRCDopTepe.
X 0 JI 0 A B LI BCD 0 C 0 6. 3apaHee BSrOTOBJleBBLle Ha KaJlaHApe peSBROBLle
DpOCJlOBKB BaKJlaALlBalOT Ha DOJlOCLI KOPAa B XOJlOAROM COCTOJlBBB. HaJlOmeBBe
DpOCJlOeR DpOBSBOABTCJI Ba CDeI(BaJiItBLlX Ay6J1I1POB01JBLlX DJiB 6paCJleTBLlX CT8H-
K8X. CDoc06 BMeeT pJlA BeAOCTaTKOB, AeJialOII(BX ero Re3KOBOMll1JBLIM B D03TOMY
peAKO DpBMeBJleMLIM. RpOMe Toro, CI(eDJlemiIe peSBBLI C KOPAOM HeYAOBJleTBO-
pBTeJILHoe.
ArperaTbI AJIJI HaJlOmeBBJI pe3UBOBbIX npoCnoeK nOJl}TopJl1lBIII cnQc0601ll.
n COCTaB TaKoro arperaT8 '06LI1JBO BXOAJlT CTLIKOB01JBLIii TpaHCDOpTep 1 (pBC. 9.9)
C perYJlHpyeMoD CKOPOCTblO ABBmeBBJI, KOMDeBcaTOp 2, I(eHTpBpylOlI(ee DpBCDoc06-
JleBne 3 AJlJI BblpaBBBBaBBJI KOPAa, TpeXBaJiKOBLIii JlBCTOBaJiItBLIii KaJlaHAP 4,
276
y6J1BpOB01JBLlU BaJlBK 5 AJlJI COeABBeBBJI pesBBoBou DPOCJlOUKB C KOPAOM, XOJlO-
.ABJiItHLle oapa6aBLI 6 AJlJI OXJlamAeRBJI MaTepBaJla, Hom B aaR8T01JHOe YCTPOU-
.cTBO 7.
HapesaRHble Ba ABarOHaJibBO-peSaTeJlItBOU MamBHe, YCTaRaBJl1IBaeMOU DOA
yrJloM K CTLlKOB01JHOMY TpaBCDopTepy (a B HOBLIX arperaTax - B OARY JlBBBIO
.c HRM), nOJlOCLI BJiB KOCJlKB KOPAa DepeAalOTCJI Ba CTLIKOB01JHLIU TpaBCDopTep
BPY1JBYIO 1IJIII DPB DOMOII(B DepeKJlaA1JDRa, rAe CTLlRYIOTCJI APyr C APyrOM. )J,JlJI
YAoOCTBa paooTLI CKOpOCTIt CTLlROB01JHOrO TpaHCDopTepa DOHBmalOT B MOMeBT
CTblKOBKB B peSKO YBeJlB1JBBaIOT DOCJle BLIDOJlHeHBJI ODepaI(BB. TaKHM 06paSOM
DOAAepmUBaeTCJI cpeAHJIJI CKOpOCTlt, paBBaJi pa601Jeu CKOpOCTB DpOCJlOe1JBoro
KaJlaHApa. B MOMeHT SaMeAJleHBJI xOAa KaJlaRAP BLIOllpaeT aaDac Ba KOMDeHcaTopa
eMKOCTlt1O 930-1470 MM. YDpaBJleHBe XOAOM TpaBCDopTepa - aBTOMaTB1JeCKOe
OT 4>oTOpeJle. npBBOA ocym;ecTBJlJleTCJI OT OTAeJiItBOrO 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJlJl MOII(-
HOCTItIO 2,8 KBT.
qeRTpoBKa KOPAa DpOBSBOABTCJI aBTOMaTlflleCKB - DPB DOMOII(D DHeBMaTJI1Ie-
CKoro BLlpaBBBBalOm;ero YCTpOUCTBa. PeaBBoBLle DpOCJlOUKB Ba pJlAe AeucTBYlOm;lIX
aaBOAOB BLlDycKalOTcJI Ra TpeXBaJiKOBOM r-OopasHoM DpOCJlOe1JBOM KaJlaBApe C paa-
MepaMB BaJiKOB 360 X 1100 MM. Ha HOBLlX YCTaBOBKax DpBMeBJlIOT TpeXBaJiKOBLIB
KaJlaHAP C TpeyrOJlI>BLIM paCDOJlOmeRBeM BaJiKOB (paSMep BaJiKOB 500 X 1250 MM).
)J,y6J1UpOBaHBe pesBHoBou DpOCJlOUK1I C KOPAOM DpOBSBOABTCJI Ba Ay6J1BPOB01JROM
TpaHCDopTepe DPB DOMOm;B AYOJlBpOB01JHOrO pOJl1lKa. npBBOA AYOJlBpOB01JBOrO
TpaHCDopTepa ocy ecTBJlJleTcJI OT DpBBOAa KaJlaHApa. PesBBoBLIe DOJlOCLI oXJla-
mAaIOT Ha XOJlOABJIItHLlX 6apaoaHax BJiB BOSAYXOM, DOAaBaeMLIM BeRTBJlJI-
TopaMU.
nocJle OXJlamAeRBJI KOPA DOCTYDaeT Ha aaKaT01JHLlU TpaBCDopTep, rAe aaKaTLI-
BaeTCJI B DpOKJlSAKY. Ha TpaRCDopTepe yCTaHoBJleBLI TPB SaKaT01JBI>IX DpBCDoc06-
JleHUJI co CTOUKaJIDI AJlJI DPOKJl8A01JROU TKaBB. KamAaJl aaKaT01JHaJi CTOUKa cBao-
mena DBeBMaTB1JeCKBM AOMKpaTOM AJlJI DOAHJlTBJI PYJlOBOB B yCTaBoBKB OOOBH.
)J,uaMeTp BoaAymuoro I(BJlBHApa AOMKpaTa 100 MM, XOA 250 MM, AaBJleHBe BOSAYxa
.0,1 Mna. )J,BaMeTpbl DpBBOAHLIX B BaTJlmHLlX oapaoaHoB Bcex TpaRCDopTepOB
420 MM. PeaKa nOJlOCLI KOPAa DOCJle HaMOTKB DpOBaBOABTCJI DPB DOMOII(D ABaro-
. BaJiItHOrO Homa. ArperaT DOaBOJIJleT DOJlYtJaTIt CKBBAmeBaBBLIU KOPA co CKOPOCT&IO
AO 40 M/MBB. 3Ta CKOpOCTIt saBBCBT OT RBaJlB4>BKaI(Hu CTLlKOBm;DROB B Ka1JeCTBa
KOPAa.
B BaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI AJlJI paCKpOJI TeKCTBJlItBorO KOPAa Ba DOJlOCLI, CTblKOBKB
ax. B BeDpepLlBHyIO JleRTY, HaJlOmeHBJI DpOCJlOD:KB B ee DpBKaTKB OTe1JeCTBeHBaJi
npOMLlmJleBROCTIt BLIDycKaeT arperaTLI HPY-71A (BMecTo HPY-71), 921-01, 921-02.
ArperaT CKBBAm-KaJlaRApa HPY-71A mBpBHou 1000 MM BKJlI01JaeT B OCBOBROM
paCKaT01JHLIU CTaBOK PT-3, KOMDeHcaTOp, ABarOHaJlbHO-peSaTeJlLHyIO MamBBY
.586-8, CTLlKOB01JBLlU, p;y6J1BPOB01JBblU B DpBeMBLlD TpaRCDopTepLl, SaKaT01JHOe
DpBCDOC06J1eBBe HPO-1617, KOBTpDpBBOA 11 APyroe 060PYAoBaBBe. TexBlfllecKaJl
xapaKTepBCTBKa ero DpBBOABTCJI HBme.
OT6op01JBO-DPOCJlOBBLIU arperaT 921-01 DpeAHaSHatleR AJlJI paCKpOJI KOPAa
Ba DOJIOCbI, nx CTblKOBKB, BaJlOmeBBJI Ba DOJlOCy peaBBoBou DpOCJlODKB B
saKaTKB BMeCTe C DPOKJl8A01JBOU TKaBlt10 Ba RapeTKB. B ero COCT'aB BXOAJlT arperaT
ABarOBaJiItBO-peaaTeJlItROB MamBHLI 180-01, CTblKOB01JHLIU B DpBeMRLlD TpaRC-
nopTepLI, DJlOm;aAKa, oXJlam,1J,alOm;aJloapa6aBBaJi MamUHa, SaKaT01JRLlD CTaHOK 921-01
B APyroe 060PYAoBaBBe. Ero TeXBB1JeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTUKa DpBBOABTCJI
DBme. . .
.0TOOP01JBO-DPOCJlODBLlU arperaT 921-02 C saKaTKOB BeDpepLIBBou' DOJlOCLI
BMeCTe C DpOKJlaA01JBOU TKaRlt10 Ha BaJlHRB BKJlI01JaeT AHarOBaJiItBO-peSaTeJlItHLlU
arperaT 180-01, DpBeMBLlU 11 CTLIKOB01JBI>1ii TpaRcDopTepLi, oXJlamAalOm;ylO 6apa-
6aBRYlO MamBHY, KOBTpDpBBOA. 3TOT arperaT BLlDycKaeTCJI BaaMeH paHee BblDYC-
KaBmBXCJI arperaTOB HPY -71, HBO-6620, 782-16.
277
B COCT8B arperaTOB 921-01 B 921-02 BXOABT TpeXBaJiKOBLID: KaJlaB
p 3 x
x 500 x 1250. Hume DpBBeAeHa TeXBlflleCKaJl xapaKTepBcTBKa YRaSaBRLlX arpe-
raTOU'
Pa601fa1l CKOpOCTb, M/MIm ..
MaKCHMaJIbHaR muplma nO
aBaeMOrO
Kop
a, WI . . . . .
tJncno peaOB B t MIlB .. ...
mUpBBa, MM
COCTIoIKOBaBBQi nOJIOCIol .
oTpeaaBBoii nonoclol Ra Tpaucnop-
Tepe . . . . . .. ....
.nnBBa nonoclol CKB
meBaRRoro
KOp
8, M .,. ...
mllplma JIeBTLI TpaucnopTepa, MM
tJacno OXnaARTenbHLIX 6apa6
BoB
Bo
a
nfl oxnamp;eBlIlI ·
naBneBHe, MDa
TeMnepaTypa, °C
paCXOl.\, M3/'!
Boa
yx
aBneBlIe B OOTlI, MDa .
pacxo
, M8/,! .........
06mall MOmuOCTb aneKTpo.u.lllIraTeneii,
KBT . . . . . . . . . .
ra6apuTsIoIe paSMeplol, MM
JlnHa
mnpBB8
BIoICOTa
Macca, T
ArperaT
lIPY-71A
5-34
t650
16-18
980
1100
3
0.3
12
4
0.6
0.02
75
30 990
5150
3205
14.950
921-01;
921-02
5-40
1650
t6-18
1180
1180
.no 240 *;
30**
1200
3
0,3-0.5
t2
4
0,6
0.08
CM. ..*
33575 *;
35 080 ..
5400
3300
t7.240*"*;
5.3 ..
* ]J.nlf 921-01.
.. ]J.nlf 921-02.
*** DPRBOII BCCX 113111J1H, BXOIllfDJ;llX 8 arperaT. I<pOMe JtHarouanb-
Bo-peaaTeJlbHOrO arperaTa 180-01A, ocym.eCTanlfeTCR OT npSB0J18 1<8-
nallJ1pa nocpenCTDOM nenRWX nepeJ(n. ArperaTW 921-01 R 921.02 BMelOT
JlonOnllRTCnbBHII npllBoA, COCTOIfm;u:A 113 aneRT))OInlRrarenlf 1I0m;u:OCTbIO
4.5 ICBT H peJlYKTopa.
**** Maces arperaTa C l<anaBJtpoM 50 T.
)J,JlJI CKBBA;KCB8HBJI U a8K8TKB 60Jlee WHpOKBX DOJlOC DpBMeBJlIOTCJI APyrlI&
arperaTLI, HaDpOMep arperaT CI{BBArlt-K8J18HApa IIPY-75A C mBpBHOH TpaHCDOpTep81
1300 MM. MaKCOM8JIltH8J1 lUBpBHa COCTLIKOBaHBOB DOJlOCLI KOPAa 1280 MM. TBD
KaJlaB
p8 3-500-1250. Pa601J8R Cl{OPOCTIt 40 M/MUH.
IIsroToBJlJleTCJI TaKme arperaT 920-01 c. TpaBCDopTepOM WOPHHOH 1400 MM.
Ba 3TOM arperaTe MOmHO JIaKJlaALlBaTIt pe3BBOByJO DpOCJlOHRY H8 ROClIKB IDBpHBOH
1390 MM. YCTpOeB OH 8HaJIOl'H'lHO arperaTy 921-01.
)J,JlJI aaKaTKB DOJIOC mupoHOH 1390 MM Ha B8J1BI\IJ - OOOBBLI DpllMeHJleTCJI
arper8T 920-02, KOTOpblH YCTpoeH aHaJIOflfllBO arperaTY 921-02. Ha BeM Moa,HO
HaK8TLlBaTL CRBBAmOBaHHble CJlOB B pyJlOBLI AJlBHOH AO 30 M.
PacCMoTpeHHLIe BblIlJC arperaTLI oea KaJl8BApa B XOJlOABJIItBOH M8mBHLl MorYT
BCDOJlltaOBaTItCJI AJlJI SaKpOJl, CTLlKOBKB 11 SaKaTKB KOPAa, Be Tpe6YIOm;ero R8KJlaAKB
pesBROBLlX DpOCJlOeK. npB 3TOM arperaTbI CBaOmalOTCJI CDe
aJlItBLlM DpBBOAOM
COCTOJl
BP,f lIa 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJlJl MOII(BOCTItIO 4,5 KBT B peAyRTopa.
9.7. YCTAHOBKH Ami H3rOToanEHHR TKAHEBblX J1EHT
B DpOBSBOACTBe DBeBM8TlflleCRBX mBB B SH81JDTeJlI>BLJ:X J(O.JI1l1leCTBaX pacxo-
AYIOTCJI TKaHeBble JleBTLI, DpBMeBJleMLIe DpH BarOTOBJleHBD ICpLIJIlteB (ooepT01JBLl&
B RpLIJIlteBLIe JleBTLI) B SaAeJiKe OOpTOB DOKpblmeR (AYOJJJlpOBaBHI>Ie EiOpTOBLl&
JleBTLI) .
278
TKaReBLIe JleBTLI BSrOTaBJIBBalOT cJleAYIOm;IIM OOpaSOM. eRa1JaJla Ba ABaro-
HaJiItRO-peSaTeJlItBOB MamBBe DpopeSBBeRRaJi TKaRlt (1Jeipep, ROPA B AP.) RapeSaeTCJI
iIO
yrJlOM 45° Ra DOJlOCbI mBpBRoB OKOJlO 700 MM, ROTopLie saTeM paspeSalOTCJI
18a YSRBe JleBTbI Ra DPOAOJlItRO-peSaTeJlItBLIX MamBBax, ODJICaRBLlX B rJl. 8. PaSJlB-
oqalOT yCTaROBKB AJlJI BSrOTOBJleBBJI: 1) RpLlJllteBblX B ooepT01JRLlX JleRT oes 06-
'XJla;a;KH KpOMOR pesBBoB; 2) RpLlJllteBLIX B 06epT01JBLlX JleRT C 06KJlaARoB RpOMOK
pesBBou B 3) Ay6J1BpoBaBBLIx 60PTOBLIX JleRT 6es 06KJlaAKB RpOMOK pesBBoB.
Y CT8BOBKa AU nOJI)"leBRJI KpIllJlI»eBIIIX B 06epTO'IBYX JleST 6es 06KJ18AlU1
:KpoHOK pesBRoii. Y ABarOBaJiItBO-peSaTeJlItRblX MamBB, pemYII(Bx TKaRIt Ra ROCJlKB,
YCTaRaBJIBBalOT CTLIKOB01JRblU KORBeuep AJlJI OToopa B CTLIKOBRB DOJlOC B AJlBB-
BylO JleRTY. 3Ta JleRTa DocTynaeT ReDpepLiBRo Ra DPOAOJlItBO-peSaTeJlItRyJO MamBRY,
cRa6meBBYIO OTOOP01JBLlM SaKaT01JBLlM TpaRcDopTepoM, DOSBOJlJlIOII(BM Becm sa-
KaTRy oes OCTaBOBa MamBHLI. Ha mBBRLlX saBoAax pacDpocTpaaeB TaKme cDoco6
DOAa1JB TKaReBblX JleRT, DpeABaSBa1JeBBLlX AJlJI BSrOTOBJleRBJI KpLlJllteB, DpJIMWM
DOTOKOM - OT peSaTeJlItROD: MamBBbI DO TpaRCDopTepy DpJlMO sa 06epT01JRLle
11 RpLlJllteBLIe CTaBRB, MBByJl ODepa
saRaTKB B DpORJlaARY,
9.8. 060PY AOBAHHE, nPHMEHflEMOE B npOH3BOACTBE
P AAHAnbHblX WHH Anfl PACKPOFI H nOArOTOBKH
06PE3HHEHHOrO KOP AA
9.8.1. Y cTpoAcTBa AnR MsonR,",MM KpOMOK
MeTannoKoPAHblX nonoc
)J,JlJI DpeAOTBpalI(eRBJI TpaBM y pa601JBX B paCCJlOenBJI DORpLimeR B DpOI(eCce
3KcDJly8Ta
ID1 OCTpLie KpOMKB 06pesaRRLlx MeTaJlJlOROPABLIX DOJlOC BSOJlBPYWTCJI
'PeSBBOBLlMB JleST01JKaMB. HSOJlJlI(BJI KpOMOR MeTaJlJlOKOPABLIX DOJlOC DpOBSBo-
,ABTCJI XOJlOARLIM CDOCOOOM Ha CDeI(BaJlItRLlX CTaRKax BJiB rOpJl1JBM - Ra arperaTax
Jl BCTOBaJlhRblX KaJlaH;a;pOB.
t
II
oS
I
L J(l
A 8 8
-d
d'
--
A-A
6-6
8-8 u r-r
.D.-.B.
Pac. 9.tO. CXeKa pa60TH YCTPOBCTB8. AJUI B80Jl
B XpOMOK MeTaJlJlOKOPABLIX DOJlOC:
1 - Donoca lIeTamJoICoPJla; B - 60611B1o1 C pe80BOBOIT ne8TO'llC01t: 8 - peaOBOBaR ne8TO'llCa; 4 - CRCTelia
OOTI'0611101qRJ: poJIBICOB; I> - 606oBa JtAII aaICaTICII MeTamJOICOPJtRlolJ: Donoc, o30nupOBallBlol1 pe8I11COBWMJI ne8TOQ-
KIUIIr, 8 - 606RBa C npoIUIaJ(ICOIT.
llpBRI(BDBaJiItRaJi CXeMa paOOTLI YCTpOUCTBa AJlJI BSOJlJlI(1IB KpOMOK MeTaJlJlO-
KOPAHLIX DOJlOC XOJlOARLIM CDoc060M DOKaSaBa Ra pBC. 9.10. PesBBoBLIe JleRT01JKB
B3 606BR 2 BaKJlaAblBalOTCJI Ra BepXRBe KpOMKB ABBmylI(euCJI MeTaJlJlOROPAROU
DOJlOCLI 1 II DpBKaTblB'aIOTCJI K Reu. 3aTeM, DpB DpoxomAeBBB 1Jepes CBCTeMY pas-
HLiX DO KORcIIBrypaI(BB pOJlBKOB 4, RaHomeRRble sa MeTaJlJloRoPAHYIO DOJlOCy
279
peSBROBLIe JleRT01JRB DOCJleAOBaTeJlItBO OfB6alOTCJI 3TBMJ1 pOJIUaHB BOKpyr RpOHOK
DOJlOCbI B DpBKaTLIBalOTCJI BO Beex T01JKaX CODpDKOCROBeBBJI C BeD:. HSOJlBpOBaBBaJi
DOJlOCa SaKaTLIB8eTCJI Ra 606BBY 5 B DPOKJl8ARY. paCKaTLIBaeHYIO DS 606BUH 6.
B OTe1JeCTBeRRoB mBBBOU DpOMLlmJleBBOCTB AJlJI BSOJlJl
KpOHOK HeT8nJlO-
ROPABblX DOJlOC XOJlOARLIM cDoc060M DpBMeDJleTCJI CTaBOR HK-1.
npB BSOJlJlI(BB KpOHOK MeTaJlJlOKOPABLlX DOJlOC ropJl1JBM CDoc060M DpDMe-
BJleTCJI aRaJlOrB1JROe YCTPOUCTBO. pa60TalOII(ee B arperaTe C RaJl8BAPOM. BBBAY
Toro 1JTO DOJly1JeBBYIO Ra KaJlaHApe ropJl1JYIO peSBBOBYIO JleBT01JKY Jlef1Je orB6aTb
D Ay6J1BpOBaTIt C MeTaJlJlOKOPAOM, DpBCDOC06J1eBBe AJlJI BSOJlJlD;BB KpOMOK cym;e-
CTBeBBO YDpOlI(8eTCJI B Ka1JeCTBO BSOJlJl
B DOJlYtJaeTCJI RaMBoro Bblme. KpoHe Toro,
Ba KaJlaRApaX ODepa
1O BSOJlJlI(BB KpOMOK DOJlOC AJlJI MeTaJlJlOROPABOrO 6peKepa
1JaCTO COBMelI(alOT C BaJlOmeRBeM DOA6peRepBoro BJiB RaA6peRepBoro peSBROBoro
CJlOJl, 1JTO COKpalI(8eT saTpaTLI Ba DpOB3BOACTBO DOKpYlIleR.
9.8.2. nOTOLfHble nMHMM AnR paCKpOR
M nOArOTOBKM o6pesMHeHHoro MeTannOKOPAa
Ha IDBRBLIX DpeADpBJlTHJlX, DOTpe6J1J1IOm;BX lofeTaJlJlOKOPA B 60JlltmBX KOJlB1Je-
CTBax, CTpeMJlTCJI DPB DOMOII(B paSJlB1JHLlX MexanB3MOB B 8BTOMaTBSHpOB8BRLIX
YCTpOD:CTB 06'beABRBTIt OnepaI(BB DO paCK pOlO, oT60PY, CTLlKOBKe DOJlOC, H30JlJlD;RB
KpOMOK B 3aKaTKe 06pa60T8nRoro MeTaJlJlOKOpna Ha 606BBLI B BeDpepbIBBblB npo-
D;ecc, OC
ecTBJlJlellYii sa 8BTOII&TB8&pOBaBBLiX DOT01JJlHX JlJllDfJlX.
m
PBC. 9.ft. IIOTO'lB8R JlBRHfI JIOPCO AJIR pacKpofl, CTLlKOBKH, B3on
H KpoMOK H aaKaTKB
DOJlOC MeTaJlJlOKOPAa:
1 - paClCaTOqRWtt C'J'asoR; S - ROMneHcaTOp paClCaTIIR; 8 - JtllaroHaJibRo-peaaTe.1ll>SaR Mallllllla; 4 - nepe-
Raall'fBJ< OTPeaaRRlolx nonoc; 6 - CTbIKOBO'IHWIT CTaSOR; II - II0MneHC8TOp KaJJaRllpa; 1 - QeHTPBP110lqee
YCTpoItCTBO; 8 - RaJJaRIIP; 9 - YCTpOItCTBO JtJIII 1IS0JlIIQIIR RpoMOR nonoc; 10 - BaRaTOqHWe YC'J'POItCTBa.
Ha pBC. 9. t t Bs06pail\eHa OTe1JeCTBeRRaJi DOT01JHaJi .1JHHBJI AJlJI paCKpOJl, CTbI-
ROBKB, BSOJlJlI(BB KpOMOK B saKaTKB DOJlOC MeTaJlJlOKOPAa, B KOTOPOU MexaRHsnpo-
BaBa B ODepaI(BJI CTLlKOBKII DOJlOC MeTaJlJlOKOPAa. HMelOTcJI ABe MOABcIIBKal\BB 3TOU
JlBRBH. OARa - AJlJI paCKpOJI MeTaJlJlOKOPAa DOA ymaMB OT 0 AO 60° (JIHPCH-0-60)
B BTOpaJi - AJlJI paCKpOJI non yrJlaMB OT 68 AO 78° (JIHPCH-6Q-BO). B COCTaB Kam-
noD: JlBBBB BXOABT paCKaT01JHLIH CTaHOK 1, KOMDeHcaTOp paCKaTKB 2, ABarOR8J1bBO-
peSaTeJlItRaJi MamBHa 9, nepeKJlaA1JBK paCRpoeBRLlX DOJlOC 4, CTLIKOB01JBLID: CTa-
HOK 5, KOMDeHcaTOp 6 KaJl8HApa, KaJlaRAP 8 AJlJI BSOJlJlD;1IB RpOMOK DOJlOC B RaJlOme-
BBJI DpOCJlOe1JROD: pe3BHLI H ABa SaKaT01JBLlX YCTpoHcTBa 10. Ha K8J18HApe CMOBTB-
.pOBaRLI: I(eBTpBpyJOlI(ee YCTpOD:CTBO 7 B YCTPOUCTBO AJlJI BSOJlJlI(BB RpOHOK DOJlOC 9.
3aKaT01JHble YCTpoBcTBa 3aKaTLIBalOT DOJlOCLI B RaCCeTJoI, ROTopble saTeM BCTa-
BJlJlKnCR B KopDyca DBTaTeJleB 6peKepRLlx CTaRKOB.
280
H.me npBBeAeH3. Te
BB1JeCKaJl XapaKTepBCTBKa 3TBX JlBBBB:
nRPCH-6Q-SOB
nBPCR-O-60B
PaCKpaaaaeMoe nonOTBO MeTaJInOKopAa.
MM
TomnUBa ... .
mHpHBa . . . . . . . . .
MaKClIMaJIbBaR nmpJlua OTpeaaBBoii:
DonOCN. MM ... . . .
YrOJI paCKpOIl nOJIOC (sa ABarOBaJlb-
BO-peaaTeJIbBoii: MamHBe), rp
YCH 0-60
¥ron cTNKyeMwx nOJIOC (no CTJilKO-
BO'lHWM CTaBKaM), rp
ycy . . . .
EMKOCTb KOMneBcaTopa KaJlaBApa
(nocne CTUKOBO'IBOrO CTaBKa), MM
HaHeTp pYJIOBa, MM
o6peaHBeRBoro MeTaJlJIOKOPAHoro
nOJIOTBa . . . .
paCKpoeBBoro nOJIOTBa
ra6apUTBwe paaMepJil, 101M
AnUHa . . . . .
mupUHa . .
BWCOTa
Macca KlIJIaB}@a, T
3
800
280
0-60
8500
800
650
20400
4830
2000
21.5
3
800
300
60-80
68-78
8500
800
650
22800
5400
2400
25
CJ
eCTBeRBblM ReAOCTaTKOM TaRBX JlBBBB JlBJlJleTCJI TO, 1JTO DpOBSBOABTenlt-
ROCTI. )UlarOHaJiItRO-peSaTeJlItBLIX MamBB RaMROrO MeRltme DpOBSBOABTeJlItBOCTR
KaJla._pOB.
9.8.3. .D.MaroHanbHo-pesaTenbHble MaWMHbI
.AJlR paCKpOR TeKCTMnbHoro KOPA-6peKepa nOKpblweK TMna P
B JlerKOBLlX, CeJlltCKOX03J1UCTBeUBLlX B rpYSOBLIX DOKpLlmKax TBDa P ReKOTO-
pLiX paaMepOB DpBMeRJleTCJI 6peKepRLlu DOJlC BS TeKCTBJlItBOrO KOPAa, a Re RS
MeTaJlJlOKOPAa. TeKCTBJlItBblD: KOPA AJlJI 6peKepoB saKpaBBaeTCJI TaKme DOA yrJlaMB
60-80°. CYlI(eCTByJODJ;Be MamBBLI P;JlJI paCKpOJI TeKCTBJlItROrO ROPAa Re MOryT
paCKpaHBaTL KOPA-6peKep DOP; TaKBMB yrJlaMH. n03TOMY ltJlJl paCRpOJI ROPA-
6peKepa DpBMeRJlIOT CDe
aJlItRLle AHarORaJiItBO-peSaTeJlItBLIe MamBRLI DepBOAB1Je-
CKoro BJiB ReDpepblBBoro AeD:CTBBJI.
BarORaJiItHO-peSaTeJIItBaJi MamBRa 586-6 DepHOAB1JeCKOrO AeBcTBBJI DpJIMe-
RJleTCJI AJlJI paCKpOJI TeKCTBJlItBOrO KOPA-6peKepa R DOKpLlmKaM TBDa P. Ee ORB-
caBBe B TeXRB1JeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa AaBLI B rJl. 8.
npOBSBOABTeJlLHOCTIt AUarOBaJiItRo-peSaTeJlItROU MamHHLI ReDpepLiBBoro AeD:-
CTBBJI BABoe BLlme, 1JeM y BOBeD:mBX 06pas
oB ABarOBaJiItBO-peSaTeJlItBLIX MamBR
DepROp;B1JeCKOrO AeucTBBJI, a aaRBMaeMaJi elO DJlODJ;aAIt Ha 30% MeUltme.
9.8.4. Y CTaHOBKM AnR neperM6a TeKCTMnbHoro
KOPA-6peKepa
qacTo CJlOB TeKCTBJlItBOrO KOPA-6peKepa paABaJiItHLlX DOKpblmeK nepe,n; Bsro-
TOBJleHBeM 6paCJleTOB BJiB Depep; BaJlOmeHBeM BX Ba RapKac Deperu6alOT DO cxeMe,
Bs06pameBRoii Ra pBC. 9.12.
JlJI DeperB6a 6peKepoB DpBMeBJlIOTCJI CTaBKB BJiB
CDel\BaJlLRLle YCTaHOBKH. eXeMa OAROU BS TaKBX yCTaBoBoK Hs06pameRa ua
pBC. 9.13.
Ha CTOJle 2 nOJlocLi CJlOeB 6peKepa CTLlKyJOTCJI B RenpepblBUYIO JleBTY 5, KOTO-
paJi DPB DOMOII(B DpOTJlrBBalOlI(BX pOJlBKOB 6, BpalI(alOlI(BXCJI OT DpBBOAa .4, aBTO-
MaTB1JeCKB oT6BpaeTCJI co CTOJIa B DOAaeTCJI Ba CTaROR AJlJI DepefB6a 10. npBBOA 4
8KJlI01JaeTCJI RomRou DeAaJllt10 1.
28t
Ha CTaBmre C'i:'iiB'K8. io AJlJI DeperB6a 6peKepOB CMOBTBpOBaHbI: TPII ABCKa 13.
Ba KOTOpLiX RaTJlBYT DOKpblTLlD: pesBRoB BJiB DJiaCTMaCcoB BaBJlOBOBblB mBYP 12,
ABCK 11 C DBeBMaTlflleCKOD: RaMepOD:, cJlymaII(BH )J.JlJI DeperB6a 6peKepHoD JleBTbI
OTBOCBTeJlItRO SaKpaDR ABCKOB 19, BABe rpYDDLI Dap BepTBRaJiItBLIX pOJlBKOB 14,
8aBepmalOm;BX DeperB6 B DpHRaTRy DeperRYTOD: 6peKepBOD: JleBTLI. 3TB ABCKB
B pOJlBKR DOCJleAOBaTeJlItBO DeperB6alOT D Ay6nupyJOT JleBTY 6peKepHoro CJlOJI 5,
DPllAaBaJi eD: BsoraYTYIO 4IoPMY, Bs06pameBHyJO (B Ce1JeBBB) Ba pBC. 9.12. JIeHTa
6peKepBoro CJlOJI DpOTJlrHBaeTCJl1Jepes CBCTeMY AIICKOB 19 B 11, a TaKme pOJIBROB 14.
DpB DOMOII(B DpBBOAa 15 SaKaT01JHOrO.TpaRCDopTepa 16, KOTOpLlD OABOBpeMeHHo
'P
'-:--..:" . -
,'" % .
%'
R-R
." 7'-
Pac. 9.12. CxeMa neperu6a KOPA-6peRepa.
17
II
,
PBc. 9.i3. .cxeua YCTaBOBKU AJJll neperu6a KOPA-6peRepa:
1 - BO)J(R!IJI neJlam.; . - C'J'IoIROBOqHWlt CTOa; '. 'I. 8, 9 - 4IoTo1JleMeHTW; 4 -IIpRBOIi upOTJlmBalOIIPIS ponJIr-
Ito.; 6 - BeaTa 6peRepaol'O MOil; 6 - JJpOTIIl'BBalOlqRe pOJlBJlB; 10 - CTaBOK JIM uepem6a; 11 - JlRCR C nRea-
lI......ecROIT RaMepolt; 1. - mllYP; 18 - ,ltBCR; 14 - BePTIIICaBbRWe Jly6mg1YJOlqRe POJIIIICB; 16 - npUOJl
S/UaI'IO'lBoro '!PaRCDoporepa; 16 - CTaBlllCa aaRaTO'lHOro '!'PaBcuoporepa; 1'1 - tIo6lD1W ,ltM saRaTICIl UeperllY1Oro
6J1eHepa; 18 - BeRTa '!'PaBcuoporepa.
SaR8TL1BaeT DeperBYTLlH 11 cAy6J1BpoBaRHLlD: 6peKep BMeCTe C DpOKJlaAKOB ua
606J1BY 17.
Bo Bs6emaBBe JlBmReD DepeKaTRB II TpaHCDopTBpOBRB CJlOeB KOPA-6peKepa
yCTaBOBKB AJlJI DeperB6a 6peRepoB MomBO KOMDOROBaTIt C ABarORaJiItBO-peSaTeJlL-
RYMB MamBBaMB.
9.9. 060PYAOBAHHE Anfl H3rOTOBnEHHfI 6PACnETOB
npU 6paCJleTROM MeTOAe C60PRB DOKpblmeK CJlOU 06peSHBeBRoro KOPAa DOCTY-
DalOT K C60P01JBLlM CTaBRaM B BBAe 6paCJleTOB - KOJlItI(e06paSHblX JleRT, Co6paB-
RblX B3 ABYX, TpeX, lIeTLIpeX BJiB meCTB CnOeB ROPAa. )J,JlJI mBB ABarOHaJiItHOD: ROB.,
CTPYKI(BB 6paCJleTLI c06BpalOTCJI C TaKBM paC1JeTOM, 1JT06L1 RBTB AByX CUemBLlX
CJlOeB ROPAa BSaBMRO DepeRpeII(BBaJlUCL.
BpacJlem IISrOTaBJIBBalOT Ra CDeI(UaJlItBLIX CTaBKaX, BaSblBaeMblX 6paC.7eT-
BIdM..
282
9.9.1. 6pacneTHbie CTaHKM
Cym;eCTBYIOT paSJlH1JRble KOBCTpYKI(BB 6paCJleTRblX CTaRKOB, OABaKO Bce BX
MomRO paSAeJlBTIt Ra ABa TBDa: pOJIBROBble B 6apa6aRBLle.
Oc06eBROCTIt pOJIBROBLIX CTaBKOB SaKJlI01JaeTCJI B TOM, 1JTO OTMepBBane Dep-
1I0ro CJlOJI 6p8CJleTa DpOB3BOABTCJI Ba BCDOMOraTeJlItROM CTOJle, B TO BpeMJI RaK Ba
6apaoaBHblX CTaBKax DepBblH CJlOB OTMepBBaeTCJI ReDocpeACTBeBBO Ra CTaBRe (DO
JlBH'e oKPymRocTB 6apa6aRa).
CT8BlCB pOJIBICOBOrO TUDa. K 6paCJleTBblM CTaRKaM pOJlBKOBOro TBDa OTBOCJlTCJI
IDHpOKO paCDpOCTpaReBBLle B OTe1JeCTBeRHOD: mBRROD: DpOMLImneBBOCTB lIeX8RB8B-
pOBaRRLle 6paCJleTHble CTaRKB MBC-2, MBC-3, MBC-4 B MBC-S.
MexaRHsBpoBaHRLlH 6paCJleTBblB CTaROK B OCROBHOM COCTOBT (pBC. 9.14)
BS rJlaAKOrO MeTaJlJllf'1eCKOrO DpBBOARoro pOJlHKa 4 H ABYX aJlaCTB1JRblX DpHKaT01J-
BLiX pOJlBKOB 5, CMOBTBpOBaHRLlX Ha OTKHABOD: TpaBepce 6. nOA'beM TpaBepCLI C DPB-
KaT01JRLIMB pOJlBKaMB ocym;ecTBJlJleTCJI DHeBMOI(BJIBRAPOM 10. MaCJlJlBLlD: AeMD<!>ep
9 cnymBT AJlJI ypaBRoBemHBaRHJI TpaBepCLl'. npH BSrOTOBJleRBH 6pacJleTa TpaBepca
C DpBKaT01JRblMII pOJlHKaMH oDycKaeTcJI B saDBpaeTCJI DReBMOSam;eJlKOD: 9. MeM-
6paRHLle DHeBMaTB1JeCKlle DpBmBMbI 7, YCTaRoBJleHRble Ra TpaBepce, oc
e-
CTBJlJlIOT paBRoMepRoe H BaAemRoe DpBmaTBe DpBKaT1JBROB K DpBBOAROMY pOJIBRy.
Y CHJlHe npBmaTBJI DpBKaT01JBLlX pOJlBKOB MomeT perYJlBpoBaTltcJI BSMeReBJleM
AaBJleRBJI BosAyxa, DocTyDalOm;ero B DReBMaTB1JeCKBe DpBmBMbI 1Jepe8 APocceJlIt 2,
YCTaBoBJleRHblD: Ra JlBB.BB DOAa1JB BosAyxa.
KamAblB 3J1aCTIfIIRLlD: DpBRaT01JRLlD: pOJlBK 5 COCTOBT BS cB060ARO Bpam;a-
IOlI(eicJI OCB C RacameBBblMB Ra Bee peSBBOBblMB aMopTBsaTopaMII, DPO<!>BJlIt ROTO-
pLlX BMeeT BBA SBeSA01JeK. Ha 3TH aMopTBsaTopLl DO BeeD: IIX
JlBBe Ba
eTLI lfeT8J1-
JlUqeCKBe ROJlIt
a TOJ1II(BROD: 5--6MM, KOTopLie KaCalOTCJI
pyr APyra Top
eBOB
1JaCTLIO B ODBpalOTCJI Ba BLlCTynLl' SBeSA01JeK-aMOpTBsaTopOB.
)J,pocceJlIt 2 coeABBeB C ROmROD: 3J1eKTpODeAaJlblO BKJlI01JeBBJI 6paCJleTROrO
CT8BKa B 06eCDe1JBBaeT DO
a1JY cmaToro BosAyxa B DBeBMaTlflleCKBe DpBmBMLI
DpBKaT01JRLlX pOJlBKOB TOJlItKO BO BpeMJI Bpam;eRBJI npBBOARoro 6apa6aBa. 3TO
BCKnlO1JaeT BOSMOmBOCTIt
e
pMaI(BB Ay6JIBpyeMblx CJlOeB KOPAa BCJleACTBBe 1Jpes-
Me pRO 60JlLmOrO DpeccYlOlI(ero YCHJlBJI, BOSRBKalOlI(erO DPB OCTaROBKax DPBBOA-
Boro 6apa6aHa. HaKJlOHBLlD: CTOJI 12 cJlymBT AJlJI HaDpaBJleBBJI CJlOeB KOPAa Ra
DpHBOAHOM pOJlBKe. Ha ero KOBI(e BMeeTCJI RaDpaBJlJlIOII(BD: pOJlBK Be60Jlltmoro
AB8MeTpa.
C 06paTROD: CTOpOBLI CTaRKa YCTaROBJleH elI(e OABR rJlaAKBD: MeTaJlJlB1JeCKBD:
pOJlBK 11, KOTOpLlD: npBBOABTCJI BO BpalI(eBHe OT Toro me 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJlJl, 1JTO
B pOJlBK 4, BO BMeeT ReCKOJlItKO 66J1ltmylO oKpymBYIO CKOpOCTIt. Bo BpeMJI DpBRaTKB
6paCJleTa 3TOT pOJlBK DpeAOTBpalI(aeT DpBJlBnaRBe KOPAa K DpBBOAHOMY pOJIBRY 4.
BJiaroAapJl 3TOMY DpeAYDpemAaeTCJI ODaCROCTb BLlTJI}I(KB CJlOeB KOPAa B 06pasoBa-
RBJI Ba 6paCJleTe CKJlaAOK.
MexaBBsBpoBaRHble 6paCJleTBLIe CTaRKB pOJlBKOBOro TBDa, KaK yme OTMe1Ja-
JlOCIt, KOMDJleRTYIOTCJI CTOJIaMB C JlBReD:KaMB AJlJI OTMepBBaBBJI DepBoro
CJlOJI.
CTaHOK pa60TaeT cJleAYIOm;BM 06paaoM. 3aKpOeHHblD: DO AJiBRe nepBLlD: CJlOD:
ROPAa DOAaeTCJI Ra 6paCJIeTRLlB CTaBOK C OTKpLITOD: TpaBepCOD: B cTblKyeTcJI Ra
BaKJIOHHOM CTOJle. nOCJIe 3Toro TpaBepca C DpBRaT1JBKaMB oDycKaeTcJI B sanBpaeTCJI
Sam;eJlKOH. 3aTeM Ra DepBLlD: CJlOD: RaKJlaAblBaeTCJI BTOpOD: CJlOD: C Ay6J1BpoBaBROD:
peSBROBOD: DpOCJlOD:KOB, B DPB DOMOII(B BomROB DeAaJlB BKJlI01JaeTCJI DpBBOA CTaBRa.
OAHOBpeMeBBO C DyCKOM CTaBKa 9J1aCTIfIIRLIe DpBKaT01JBble pOJlBKB DpBmBMalOTCJI
K DpHBOAROMY pOJlBKY B OCYlI(eCTBJlJlIOT AY6J1BpOBaBBe DepBoro B BToporo CJlOeB
6paCJleTa. nocJle DOJlROrO 060pOTa 6pacJleTa 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJlIt BLlKJlI01JaeTCJI
II DpOBSBOABTCJI CTLlIWBaRBe BToporo CJlOJI KOPAa. ECnB 6pacneTLI Tpex- BJiB 1JeTLI-
peXCJlOHRLle, TO B TOD: iI,e DOCJleAOBaTeJlItBOCTB BaKJl8ALl'BaIOTCJI B AYOJlBPYIOTCJI
283
-
....
ct)
.It.
,go;
ii,
....
,...
c:
c;
&
.,
:""
I
III
faii
U
I]
<Ole
:i[
=:<$
a=
""I
=
..
:':0
=c.
gol
c'"
::
, :-.
t
.. ..
'i
...
III
o :il:t
f; i.i I
! &
=Cu
I'IU'
o 1:I'So
A. i
II: =
og.
! Ii
«> 1
i;.
Ef'
I:Z .....
u
...
tzt
'0
..
'PJ 7
= .. I
::
ftn
: &
= 1:Ic.
11:1
41 .. C
::s ..
. "'
li l f.
. i.
I ..
"'I:II:(
TpeTBD: B 1JeTBepTLlD: CJlOB. 3aTeM TpaBepCa DOABBMaeTCJI, B rOTOBLIB 6paCneT
CRBMaeTCJI co CTaBKa.
))paCJIeTllye CTalllCll 6apa6aaBoro 'loa. PaSnB1JaIOT CTaBKB co CMeBBLlMB
6apa6aBaMB B yaBBepCaJlItBble CTaBRB C OABHM DOCTOJlBRblM 6apa6aBOM.
eTa B K B CO C M eBB LI M II 6 a p a 6 a B a M B. OTJlIfIIHTeJlItBOD: 000-
6eBBOCTltlO 3TBX CTaBKOB JlBJlJleTCJI TO, 1JTO ABaMeTp 6apa6aBa CTporo COOTBeTcTByeT
AJiBBe DepBoro CJlOJI 6paCJleTa B AJlJI HSrOTOBJleBBJI 6paCJleTa APyroro paSMepa
Be06xOABMO MeBJlTIt 6apa6aB.
BblDYCKaeMblU B CCCP CTaROR CB-1 COCTOBT BS cJleAYIOII(BX BamReumBX
1JaCTeu: CMeRRoro 6apa6aua 9 (pBC. 9.15), DpBRaT01JBOrO pOJlBKa 2, DBeBMOI(BJlBU-
Apa 1 DpBKaT01JBOrO pOJlBKa, 3J1eKTpODpHBOAa 6apa6aua 7, I(eRTpBpylOlI(ero DPB-
cDoc06nellBJI 4 B CTaBBBbI 8.
z
3
::::
=
-
6
1
1
PBO. 9.tS. BpaCJIeTBJadi CTaBOK 6apa68BBoro THUa co cr.r8B11J1D,fB 6apa6aB8JOI:
1 - DHeBIIO
GplllCaTO'lHoro pOJIBJIa; B - upBRaTO'1J1H8 POJIBJI; , - CIIemu.dt oapa6aR; 4 - IIeB'1'PB-
p}'IOJqee GpBCDocol!BeRBe; 6 - pW1J8r yupaBaelDlR uplllCaTO'IBWM poJIBJIOII; 8 - 1I0,ItBO,lt cmaTOro B081111a B no-
aoCT& 6apaClaJra; ., - MeICTpO,llBB1'a'l'enh; 8 - C'J'aRBRa.
npH HsrOTOBJleRBB 6paCJleTa Ba 3TOM CTaRRe SarOTOBKa DepBOrO CJlOJI DpeABa-
pBTeJlItBO Be saRpaBBaeTCJI DO AJiBBe; DOCTYDBBmIDi C DHTaTeJlJl CJlOB KOPAa nJIOTBO
ooepTLIBaeTCJI BORpyr 6apa6aBa, OTpblBaeTCJI OT ROp,nROD: DOJlOCLI B CTLIRyeTcJI Ba
6apa6aue B ROJlLI(O. 3aTeM Ba DepBblU CJlOU BaKJlQALlBalOTCJI nocneAYIODJ;Be CJlOU
B DpOBSBOABTCJI HX DpBRaTRa pOJlBKOM 2. 'Y CHJlHe npBmaTBJI pOJlBKa 2 R 6apa6aRY 3
paBRoe 2-4 KH/M, COSAaeTCJI DBeBMOnBJlBBAPOM 1.
Bapa6aB CTaRRa HMeeT ABe CKOpOCTH BpalI(eBBJI - MaJlylO B 60JlltmylO. HaJlo-
meBBe CJlOeB ROPAa Ba 6apa6aB DpOB3BOABTCJI DpB MaJlOU CKOpOCTB, a DpBKaTKa
6paCJleTa - Ba 60JlLmOD:.
)J,JlJI 06J1eneRBJI CBJlTBJI co6paBRoro 6paCJleTa B 6apa6aRe DpOCBepJleBLI OTBep-
CTBJI, B KOTopble 1Jepes DOJlIdU fJlaBBblD BaJi DOAaeTCJI cmaTL!ii BOSAYX, B pesyJlItTaTe
MemAY 6paCJleTOM B 6apa6aRoM COSAaeTCJI BosAymBaJi nOAymKa.
CTaBoK BMeeT BIdCOKYIO npOHSBOABTeJlItROCTIt: Ba BeM c06BpalOT AO 80 ABYX-
CJlOD:BLlX 6paCJleTOB B 1 1J. HeAocTaTKoM CTaRRa JlBJIJleTCJI TO, 1JTO AJlJI KamAoro
paSMepa 6pacneTa Tpe6yeTcJI CBOB 6apa6aB. n03TOMY DpBXOABTCJI BMeTIt 60Jlltmoe
1JBCJlO CMeBBblX 6apa6aROB. 3TOT ReAOCTaTOR B DocJlymBJI DPB'1BBOU Toro, 1JT0
6paCJleTRble CTaBKB nOA06BOD: ROBCTpyKI(BB Be BamJlB mBpOKoro npBMeBeBBJI.
Y BBBepCaJlltBl>le CTaBlCII 6apa68BBoro Tuna. B OTe1JeCTBeRROD: mDBROD: DpO-
MLImJleBBOCTB npHMeRJlIOTCJI YBBBepCaJlItRLle 6paCJleTBLle CTaRKH Tpex THnOB:
60.
90. H 120" (I(HcIIPbl 060SRa1Ja1OT AJiBBY 6apa6aBa B AIOD:Max).
285
BpaCJleTHLiii CTaUOR 60" (pBC. 9.16) COCTOBT BS CTaUBULI 1, ua ROTOpoii CHOR-
"TBpOBaRbI 6apa6au 9, anaCTIfIIULdi DpBRaTOq)lL[ii pOJlIIK, cnymam;Bii AnJi DplU(aTKB
CJlOeB IWPAa 'II DpBmBMaeMLIii K 6apa6auy BO BpeMJI C60PKB 6pacneTa DpB DOMOm;B
ABYX DHeBMO
BnBBAPOB, B DpB)K)DIBOB pOnBR, DpeAuasuneHHLIii AJlJI upBKaTRB
peSIIROBblX DpOCJlOeK. 3neKTpoABBraTeJIIt MO
OCTItIO 0,37 RBT, cnymam;d AJlJI
Bpam;eBJIJl 6apa:6aua, paSMem;aeTCJI BBYTPB CTaUDRLI B ynpaBnJleTCJI C DpBMblKa-
lOm;erO'R CT8BBBe DyJlItTa ynpaBneUBJI 4. BpaCJleTRble CTaRRB MOAeJiB 60" KOKIlJleK-
TYIOTCJI DDTaTenJiMB peBOJIItSepuoro BJiB DBpaMBAaJlItBOrO TBDa.
Oco6euBocTIt YRBBepCaJiItROrO 6apa6aRa CTaRKa 90" COCTOBT B TOM, 1JTO ero
6apa6aR, Ba KOTOpOIi C06UpalOTCJI 6pacJleTLI, Re BMeeT DpDBOAa. npB RanomeBIUI
CJlOeB KOPAa 6apa6aB Bpam;alOT BPY1JByJO, a DPB RaJlOmeBBB peSBB.OBLIX DpOCJlOeK
:- ': f
, '" i
'
/ ;:-
;
14
<
j
"f.i-
.iP;:
...:<".
.J.
PBC. 9.t6. ¥BBBepca.ubBYi 6pacneTBHi CTaBOK 6apa68BBoro TBDa 60-:
1 - C'J'amma: B - DBTaTe.1ll> C'J'aJII(a; 8 - RapeTRa; 4 - upll1lClDlHOIT poJIBJI; 6 - C'J'OIRa;
8 - GapaGaa; ., - lIeJ(aIIII yupaBaeBJIR.
Bpam;eBlle 6apa6aBY c006m;aeTcJI OT DpBBOA8 pacKaTKB 606BBLI C peSJlBOBWHB
npOCJlOBRaMB.
¥BUBepCaJiItBLIii 6paCJleTRLlH CTaBOR 120" 6apa6aRBoro THU8 B DpBB
e
BMeeT TaKylO me RORCTpyK
IO, RaR B CTaUOK MOAenB 90". OR OTJllfllaeTCJI TOJlItKO
paSMepaMn.
BpaCJleTULIe CTaBKB 90" B 120" DpeABaSRa1JeULI AJlJI BSrOTOBJleRBJI 6paCneTOB
01JeBh 60JlLmBX paSMepOB, DpBMeRJleM1ilX DPB c60pKe DOKpblmeK AJlJI 60Jlltmerpys-
BLlX aBTOM06BJleB, aBTODpDI(eDOB, AOpO)KBG-CTpOBTeJlItRblX R DO,lfbeMBO-TpaHCDOpT-
RblX MamBR.
)J,u8MeTp 6apa6aRa y aTBX CTaBROB 635 MM, AJlDRa OKpy)KBOCTB 2000 11M;
.AJlBR8 6apa6aRa y CTaRK8 90" COCTaBJlJleT 2286 MM, a y CTaBRa 120" - 3048 MM.
npUKaT01JRble POJlUKH 6paCJleTBblX CTaBKOB 60",90" 11120" DO CBoeMY YCTpoii-
'CTBY DOA06RbI aJiaCTIfIIBI>IM DpUKaT01JRblM pOJlBKaM MeXaRIISBpOB8BRLlX 6paCJleT-
BLiX CTaBKOB.
9.9.2. BcnOMoraTenbHoe 060PYAOBaHMe 6pacneTHbix CTaHKOB
)J,JlJI 06eCDe1JeRHJI 6ecDepe60BBoH pa60TbI 6paCJleTRLle CTaHKB KOMDJleKTYIOTCJI
paSJlD1JBLlM BCDOMOraTeJlItRLlM 060PYAoBaBBeM: YCTpoHcTBaMD AJlJI DBTaRDJI CT8BKOB
CJlOJIMB IWPAa B peSBROBLIMB DpOCJlOHRaMB B YCTpoHcTBaMB AJlJI oT60pa, DOArOTOBKD
K TpaRCDopTupOBKe B AJlJI TpaUCDopTBpOBKB rOTOBLIX 6paCJleTOB Ba YQ8CTRB
C60PKB DOKpLimeK.
286
P8CRaT01JBl>le CTOiiRB. )J;JlR DIITaBIIR 6paCJIeTBYX CTaBltOB CJlORMII It0PAa
B OTeqeCTBeBBOB: II sapy6emBOB: DpOMhIDlJleBBOCTH DpHMeBRlOTCR paCltaT01JBl>le
DOBOpOTBl>le CTOBltB Ha qeTLIpe 60611BLI. OCBOBBHMB qaCTJIMB paCltaTOqHI>IX c'Joelt
RBJlRIOTCR CMOBTllpOBaBBl>le Ba CTaBHUe DOBOpOTBl>le paMI>I, Ba 1t0TOpJJX BMelOTCJI
mesAa AJIR 60611B CO CJlORMII ROPAa B AJIR 606UBH AJIR DpBeMa oCB060AIIBmeB:CJJ
DpORJlaAltB,
Bo6BBI>I C It0PAOM, DOCTynBBmlle OT ,u;DarOHaJlbBO-peSaTeJlbHI>IX MamHU,.
BCTaBJlRlOT B HllmBBe rBesAa, a B BepXBlle rHesAa BCTaBJlRlOT DYCTl>le 606BBLI II Hal
HIIX SaRaTI>IBalOT 1t0BI(I>I DpOltJla,nltB C 60611B C It0PAOM Talt, qT061>1 DpB IISrOTOBJleBIIII:
6pacJleTa, ROfAa TRayT CJlOB: It0PAa, oABoBpeMeHBo SaltaTI>IBaJlaCL DpoltJlaAltS,-
B8 BepXHIIB: B8J1I1K, "
Aaoibll>le DHTaTemt C Mexa-
BUqecROi paCR8TKOi. 3TII DIITa-
TeJlII B OTeqeCTBeBBOB: mDBBOB:
DpOMbImJleBBOCTII 1t0MDJleltTYIOT-
CR C 6paCJleTaldllfll CTaBltaMB CB-1,
llOCTYD8101I\IIe OT AllarOBaJlbHO-
pesaTeJlbHoH MamUBH 606HUI>I 2
BaAeBalOT Ba ABe 1t0HCOJlbBl>le
OCII 3 (pBC, 9,17), a 1t0HI(1)I DpO-
ItJla,D;K1I SaltaTI>IBalOT Ba DycTl>le 2
BaJlIIKII, HQAeTI>Ie Ba OCII 2, 06e
Dapl>l oeeB DpBBOARTCR BO Bpall\e-
Bile 0'1 3J1eltTpOABllraTeJlR 4 qepes
eDByIO DepeAaqy, JleHn It0PAa
C 606DB DPOXOABT qepes BaDpaB-
JlRlOD:\Be pOJlllltll 5 aa OTRIIABl>le
JlOTltll 7,
llwraTeJlII TaltOB KOHCTpylt-
I(1I11, Halt DpaBIIJlO, ,u;eJlaIOTCR
ABOB:BIdMII, 3TO SHaqIlT, qTO C
DpOTDBODOJlmRHOB CTOpOBI>I BMe-
lOTCR TOqBO TaKBe me DIITalOII\IIe
YCTpOB:CTBa, RBJlRlOlI\lIeCR Italt 61>1
SepRaJlbHIdM oT06pa)I(eBBeM DepBI>IX, B aTOll cJlyqae CTaBIIBa 6 YCTaHaBJlIIBaeTCR
Ba TeJlearne 1, IWTopaR MOmeT DepeABllraTbCR DO peJlbCaM, paCDOJlOmeHaldM DapaJl-
JleJlbBO OCB CTaBlta, DPB DOMOII\ll 3J1eltTpOABllraTeJlR 8, BJlarOAapR 3TOMY Ba CTaBlte
CTaHOBIITCR BOSMOmBI>IM c06BpaTb Be TOJlbKO ABYXCJlOBBHe 6paCJleTLI, BO II qeTl>I-
peXCJlOBalde, a Taltme DpOIlSBOAHTb DepesapRARY DBTaTeJlR, He Bl>lltJllOqaR 6pac-
JleTHIdB: CTaaOK,
JlBTaTemI C DOABecBWMH RapeTltaMB. KaR U ABoBBl>le DIITaTeJlII C Mexaall1Jecltoii
paCKamOB:, aTII DlITaTeJlII DpllMeBRlOTCR B OTeqeCTBeHHOB: mHUBOB: DpOMbImJleH-
Hocm AJIR DBTaBBR 6paCJleTBldX CTaaltOB CB-1, TaltBe DIITaTeJlII RBJlRlOTCR COCTaB-
BOB qaCTLlO
eJloB: CIICTeMI>I, BltJllOqalOlI\eB MexaHlIsllpoBaBByIO sapRAlty DIITalOlI\lIX
YCTPOB:CTB (MaJlIdX ltapeTOIt) y AllarOnaJlbBO-peS8TeJlbBI>IX MamDH, paCltpaBBa-
101I\IIX KOPA, 1IJ111 Y arperaToB AJIR BaJlOmeBBR Ba CJlOB It0PAa pesHUoBldx DpOCJlOelt,
TpaBcDopTBpoBlty ltapeTolt OT peSaTeJlbBIdX MamHU B DpOCJlOe1JBl>lx arperaToB
B DpOI(eCCe DBTaBBR CJlORMII It0PAa BS ltapeTolt 6pacJleTBHX CTaBltOB, OCBOBHI>IMB
qaCTRMII DHTaTeJlR 3Toro TilDa RBJlRlOTCR DOABeCBaR KapeTRa B 1t0PDYC DHTaTeJlR.
llUTaTeJlB C DOABeCHbIMB ltapeTltaMII 61>1BalOT Be TOJlbltO ABOB:HbIe, HO II 0AII-
HapBlde. llOCJleAalle yCTaBaBJlIIBalOTCR Ba CTaBltaX, DpeABaSHaqeHHIdX AJIR c60pltll
ABYXCJlOBBI>IX 6paCJleTOB, )J;JlR OAIIBapHoro DBTaTeJIJI C
eCTBeBHO YDpOm;aeTCJI
1t0BCTPYKTBBBoe o4)opMJIealle 1t0pDyca, Talt Italt B 3TOM cJlyqae OTDa,naeT BaA96-
BOC'lb B HaJlIl1JDD YSJlOB AJIR YCTaBOBltll ltapeTOlt C 06eux CTOpOB RopDyca B ere
'\
,
'\
,
,.
,
" 9
" I
PDC. 9,17,
BoiiRol DDTaT8Jlb C M8X8Dlf'lecROi pac-.
RaTKol (BBA c60RY):
1 - TeJJelllKa; B, 8 - OCR; 4, 8 - 8BeKTPOJ(lllll'aTeJJB; 5-
BaDpaBmIJO
e POJIIIKB; ,- CTamma; , - OTKIIJUlHe BOTK.;
9 - GapaGu Gp8cneTlloro CTaBKa.
22,7,
DepeM:elQeallR B,Dpo
ecce c60pltll 6pacJleTa BDpaBO II BJleBO OTBOCBTeJlI>BO 6apa6aBa
6paCJleTBOrO CTaBRa.
ABTOM:aTHsupoB8l1B1>1e pommo-BpoRJI8AO'lBl>le DBTaTeJIII OameBBoro TUBa.
Taltoe DIITaTeJlII qall\e Bcero DpllM:eBRlOTCR B 1t0M:DJleltTe C ysHBepCaJlbBIdMII 6paCJleT
al>lM:1I CTaBltaM:1I 6a pa6aBBoro TilDa M:OAeJlH 60", DpeABaSBa1JeBBIdMB AJIR c60pltll
6paCJleTOB C qIlCJlOM: MoeB Be 60Jlee qeTl>lpeX, 3TII DBTaTeJlB BMelOT
YCTpoiicTBa
'/
6
-5
PBC. 9,18, CxeMa yssBepcam.soro oapaoamoro opaCJIemoro CTaBKa 60" c aBTOMaTBaBpOBaB
SLIM pOJlBRo-UpOKJlIlAO'lllLIM IIBTaT8JleM oamemloro TBIla:
1 - CTalllllla IDITaTenR; S - IIPOHIDTeAm.1; 8 - DHeBJlOltllJIHR;ltPbI; 4, 9 - I1eDHiole Depena'lll; 5 - tpmcltllOH-
HId mJ(JJB; 6 - lIaqalO
CRiIlPOHlDTeAH; 1 - t)naHeI1 pgmma C!o(iIlHbI; 8 - maroBn TPIUICD0PTeP; 10, 18 -
3nelCTpO.IIBllraTeJJB; 11 - DOBopOTRaR 6amllRj IS -,60611Hb1; 14 - pOJIHII; 15 - IIOHeoiRId BblIIJII)qaTeJJh;
16 - DHeBMOIt\fJDIR;ltp; 11 - HOIII C 3"eKTJ)oooorpeaOM; 18 - nplflKBMHOIT pOJIBII; 19 - npmcaTO'UDdt{pOJIBII;
20 - 6apa6as 6pacneTsoro CTaHlla; SI - DYJlhT ynpaJmeRIIR; IS - CTaHBBa 6pacneTRoro aramca; .8 - SOH!-
Hble DeIUUUI.
AJIR BaJlOmeBIIR XOJlOABI>IM CDoc060M peSBBOBI>IX DpOCJlOelt B DpOI(ecce C60pltll
6paCJIeTOB,
ABTOMaTIISBpOBaBBIdB: POJIIIKO-DpORJlaAOqaLIii DIITaTeJlL 6ameBBoro TilDa (CM.
pllC. 9,18) COCTOIIT liS CTaBHBI>I 111 paMI>I DOBOPOTBOii 6amBII 11, Ba 1t0Topoii C ABYX
DpOTIIBODOJlOmal>lX CTOpOB paSMell\eHbI DO qeTl>lpe Dapl>l 60611B C JleBToii US COCTI>I-
KOBaBHIdX DOJlOC It0PAa. B06HBI>I MorYT DepeMem;aTLCR BBepx B BBIIS BAOJlb 6amHII
DPII DOMOII\II ABYX marOBI>IX TpaBCDopTepOB 8, 3TII TpaBCDOpTepl>l npHBoARTCR
288
B ,u;BllmeHlle OT 3J1eltTpOABBraTeJIeii 10 qepes BCTpoeHHbIe qepBRqaLle peAyRTopld,
nepeMeII\eUlle 606HU He06xo)J;IIM0 AJIR DOAaqll IIX C HymBLIM CJlOeM It0PAa It 6apa-
6aHY 6paCJleTHOrO CTaBlta BO BpeMR BSrOTOBJleHBR 6pacJleTa,
J
2
-'ct
;o::=:..:
oc:>
IC-,
:C
I
;e:::a....
Ie::'
IC
PRC. 9.t9. CxeMa YCTIUIOBKR yallBepcaJlLHLlX 6apa6aJIBLix 6paCJJeTHLIX CTallKOB 90- B 120"
C IIHTaIOJIUDIB YCTpoiCTBaMR:
1 - CTamma 6paMeTHoro CT8.8Ka; II - 6apa6aa; 8 - IlpIDf(BMHoit pOJIIiIK JUIJI Pe3BROBI>IX IlpOCJJoeK; 4 - DB-
TaTeJlh
JIJI Pe3BROBIiIX DpOCJJoeK; 5 - DpBRaro'lJlld pOJIBK; 6 - 9J1eKTPO,IUIBra'l'eJt& TPaRCDOpTepa; " - TPaac-
DOPTeP; 8 - CTOJI; 9 - KapeTKa lIIITaTeJIJI
JIJI peaBROBIiIX DpOMoeK; 10 - CTamma lIIITaTeJIJI,f
PaCltaTlta 60611B B DpOI(eCCe BaJlOmeBBR CJlOeB It0PAa Ba 6apa6aB DpOIlSBO,u;IITCR
aBTOMaTOqeCKII DPB DOMOm;1I CDeI(lIaJlLBOrO MeXaBBSMa SaltaTltll-paCltaTltB, 3TOT
MeXaBBSM COCTOHT liS 3J1eltTpOABllraTeJlR 13 co BCTpoeBBIdM 1JepBRqBLlM peAyltTopOM
H aJleltTpOMarallTBoii My4)Toii; CH,IJ;RII\erO Ha KaqalOm;eMCR ItpOBWTeiiBe 6 4)PBKI(1I0H-
Boro mRlIBa 5, 1t0TOpLlii DOJlyqaeT Bp
eBlle OT ABHraTeJIR DPII DOMOII\B DepeAaqll 4
19 3aKU 163
289
B DBeBMOl\BJlIIBApa 16, PaCltaTlta BJIB SaRATlta ROPAa YAeT DpOBCXOp,JITb TorAa,
RorAa 4)PBRI\IIOBBIdH mKBB 5 DpBmMeTCR R 4)pauuy 7 pOJlBKa 006BBLI, BltJllOqeBBe
MexaBIISM8 paCKaTltB P;JlR co06 eBIIR BpaII\eBBJI 60611Be MOmeT DpOIlSBOABTbCJI
OT HomBoi DeAaJlII B OT 1t0HeqBOrO BIdKJllOqaTeJlR 15, CBRsaBBoro C pOJlBltOM 14,
Ba 1t0TOpOM DpB DOAaqe Ba 6apa6aB 6paCJleTBOrO CTaHRa JlemllT cJloi Itop,n:a,
ECJlB 6apa6aHY C DpllltpeDJleBBHM K BeMy KOHI(OM CJlOR 1t0PAa 6YAeT C006m;eBo
BpaII\eBlle, TO 3TOT CJloii, HaTRByBmIICb, HamMeT Ba pOJlBR 14, a CJleAOBaTeJlI>BO,
II Ha BLlKJllOqaTeJlI> 15 B DYCTBT B XOP; MexaBBSM SaKaTltll-paCltaTltll, C aBTOMaTII1Je-
CKB paCRaTl>IBalOII\eB:CR 606DHLI KOPA 6es BLlTRmRlI 6YAeT BaKJlaAldBaTbCR Ba 6apa-
DaH 6paCJleTBOrO CTaHlta, llpB OCTaHOBe 6apa6aBa BaTRmeBlle It0PAa oCJla6eeT,
B MexaHBSM paClt8TI<1I BldltJllOqHTCJI. 3altaTKa 06paTBo Ha D06DHY OCTaTlta CJI(iR 1t0PAa
DpOIlSBO,u;BTCR BltJllOqeBBeM MexaBUSMa SaltaTltll-paCRaTltB DyTeM HamaTBR BOmBOB:
DeAaJlII 23,
llpB IISrOTOBJleBBII 6paCJleTOB KOPA paCXOAYeTCR C 60DBB, DOBepByTldX K 6pac-
JleTBOMY CTaHRy, B 3TO BpeMR Ba DYCTlde 606BHbI DUTaTeJlR C DpOTBBODOJlOmBOii CTO-
Ta6AUlla 9.8. XapanepBCTIIBa 060Py oBaBBJI lJJI B3rOTOBJleBBJI 6paClJeTOB
POJlBK BJIB 6apa6aJ1 ra6apBTHYe P83Mepy '"
6paCJIeTlloro CTaBKa. Q,
- £00",
Sill
B pacneTlll>Je PaaMep CoCIBpaeJlYX I :ig-£oo
CT8BKB DOKpsmeK :& ri "'!l:1ZI
:& ",1:1111 £oo ;r;
ci &I 1\1 8£ooci
;= '" fo mCII;r;
I III III !. i e:"
QOS_ B
= cilCoC I 01:1;
POlliO ::<II:(
MexaR88HpoBaamte
pOJl8KOBLIe
MBC-3-55 OT 7.50-20 250 1000 40.4 1895 BOO 1450 2.2
AO 260-20
MBC-4 OT 12.00-20 470 1450 18.3 2600 1260 1702 4.5
o 16.00-20
MBC-5 OT 16.00-24 900 1850 9.55 1 3540 2000 2365 4.5
o 21,00-28
.
Bapa6aHIILlu co OT 7,50-20 no mupBBe 8 - 2600 1190 2080 3/5**
CMeBBLIMB 6apa- o 12.00-20 oeplDleTpy 88-
6a8aMB CB-1 rOTaBJl8Bae-
MLiX 6paCJleTOB
Bapa6aHRLle Y88-
BeEcaJlbHye
0" OT 7,50-20 478 1524 3B 2390 1225 1100 1.0
(HMO-310M) AO 12.00-20
90" OT 12.00-20 635 2286 5.3 3260 865 1016 1.0
(HMO-315M) AO_21.oo-28
120" OT 21.00-28 635 3048 5.3 4020 865 1016 1,0
(HMO-330M) AO 30.00-40
* Macca CTaBKa.
* * 8neJlTpoABBranm. nYXCKOpOCTBoit.
290
pOHbI MOryT SaltaTblBaTI>CR BOBbie CJlOII It0PAa. 3TO 06eCDeqllBaeT HcnpepblBBOCTI>
pa60TId 6paCJleTHOrO CTaBlta,
B06DBI.I C SaltaTaBBblMII B DpOltJl/iAlty peSDHOBIdMII DPOCJlOB:ltaMO 0 606HUa
AJIR SaltaTltll oCB060mAalOII\eDCR DpORJlaAltll YCTaBaBJlOBalOTCR B ItpoHmTeiiB 2,
paCDOJlOmeBHIdD Ha CTaBDHe DIITaTeJlR C DpOTIIBODOJlOmBOD CTOpOHbI OT 6pacJleT-
Horo CTaBlta, B060BbI DpllBOARTCR BO Bpam;eBoe OT DpllBOAa 6apa6aHa qepes I(eDByro
DepeAaqy, Be,u;ym;lIe SBeSAOqltll KOTOpOD paSMell\eBbI Ba rJlaBBOM BaJIY 6paCJleTBOrO
CTaHRa,
IIuTaTeJDI DupaM1lAaJlI>BOro TBDa. 3TH DIITaTeJlII 1t0HDJleltTyIOTCR C 6paCJleT-
BLIMII CTaBltaMO 60", DpeAHaSBaqCBBLIMU AJIR IISrOTOBJIeHHR 6paCJIeTOB C qOCJlOM
CJlOeB 60Jlee 1JeTblpeX,
nllTaTeJlL DllpaMOAaJlLHOrO TODa COCTOOT os CTaHIIHbI, marOBoro TpaHCDopTepa
o MexaBIISMa paCltaTltO 6060B, OraHIIBa DIITaTeJlR DpeACTaBJlReT c060B: CBapBYIO
1t0aCTpyRI(01O B BIIAe qeTblpexyroJlLBoD yceqeHHoi DopaMIIAbI, llo BceD BblCOTe
CTaBIIBbI. paCDOJlOmeB marOBblB: TpaucDopTep, 1t0TOpldB: DepeMell\aeT 60611HbI
ra6?cBTllYe pa3MepY I ..
M OCTIo eneKTpoJtBBra- .;
TellII. DpBBOWl. RBT co CTaBROM)
06oPYAOBaHHe, C ROTOplolM ORB ell I
ROIIDneKT)'IOTCJI .!..
0 ell
1:1 I i I ell
ell: a! ell !
o ell a.
$:loa III
TpaHcDopTep UJlO CTOJI AJI1i OTMepu- - - - - ...... 1.080-
Ba8M DepBoro CJlOJl, DHTaTeJlL AJlJI 0.6 0.6 7800 2770 3200 5,684
CJlOeB KOPAa U DUTaTeJlL AJUI CJloeB 0.6 1,0 8140 3615 3320 9.926
C peauBoBbiMU DpocnoBKaMB lIJiU AJlJI
pe8BHOBYX DpocnoeK
O apllblB IIJiU OBHOB DBTaTem. C 0.6 0.6 4060 1980 2030 3,373
. MeXaBJI1IecKoB pacKaTKoB UJiU nu- (DepeABIDI<- (DoAav.
TaTeJIL C DOABUmm.um KapeTRaMil lDoIe TeJIe)l(- KaTepuana)
lOt)
ABTOMaTu830BaBByji POJlUKO-DPO- 0.5 0,5 5372 2780 2946 3.262
KJJIkAO'IB DUTaTeJlL 6ameBBoro (2 lOT.) (2 lOT,)
TUDa
nUTaTeJlL nupaMIIAaJlLHoro TBDa 0.5 1.5 6630 2435 39B 3.766
.
0,5 0.95 5563 4216 2299 4,800
nBTaTeJ1L, TpaBcDOpTep, CTaBOR AU
CKJJ8AblBaBBJI 6paCJleTOB I 460 \5.768
0.5 0.95 7595 4496
19*
291
CO CJlORMII 06peSIIBeHHOrO It0PAa BJIU peSIIBOBHMII DPOCJlOB:KaMII, llpBBOA marOBore
TpaucnopTepa OC eCTBJlReTCR OT 3J1eltTpO)J;BHraTeJlR MOIIQIOCTl>lO 1,5 KBT qepes
AByxCTyneB1JaTl>Iii qepBJI1JB1lii peAyRTOp,
MeXaBHSM paCltaTRII no YCTpoiicTBY aBaJloruqeH DOA06BOMY MexaBIISMY Y ODII-
caBBoro Bmue aBTOMaTHSllpOBaBBoro pOJlBKO-DpOKJlaA01JBOrO DHTaTeJlR 6ameaBoro
TBDa.
nBTaTeJIB oapaoaBIII>IX OpaCJIeTIINX CTaBlCOB 90" U 120". CxeMa YCTaBOBltU
9TBX CTaBROB C DIITalO H YCTpoicTBaMH DpllBeAeBa Ha pllC, 9,19. 1\ aTHM YCTpoii-
CTBaM OTBOCRTCR CTOJI 8 AJIR CTLlltOBKU CJlOeB It0PAa, DpIlBOABOB: TpaBCDopTep 7,
DOAalO ii CJlOII KOPAa Ba 6apa6aH 6pacJleTBoro CTaBRa, H CMOBTHpOBaBBLlB: Ba
paMe HaA 6apa6aBoM 6pacJleTBoro CTaHlta DIITaTeJlL 4 ,u;JlR peSIIBOBLlX DpOCJlOelt,
rJlaBBoii qaCTl>lO 1t0TOpOro RBJlReTCR KapeTRa 9,
Ralt ym YDOMHUaJlOCI> BbIme, 6apa6aBbl 6pacJleTBLlx CTaHltOB 90" U 120"
Be DMelOT DpllBOAa, Bpa eBHe 11M C006m;aIOT COOTBeTCTBYIOII\He DpHBOAHlde Mexa-
HDSMLI nHTalOII\IIX YCTPOB:CTB: DpllBOA TpaBcnopTepa AJIR CJlOeB It0PAa H DpHBOA
paCltaTltll 606HBLI C peslIBoBIdMH DpocJloHltaMH,
OOOPYAOBaBUe AU OTOOpa, DOAroToBKII B TpaOCDOpnlpoBRB rOTOBNX opac-
JleTOB oa )"I8CTRB COOpRB DOlCpwmelC. Ha 60nLmHBCTBe mllBHLlX saBOAOB caRme
co CTaRKa rOTOBLle 6pacJleTLI AJIR DOltpldmelt cpeABllx rpysoBLlX aBTOM06HJleii
HaBemHB810TCR Ba TeJlemKII co CTOHKaMU-BemaJlaMII HJlH Ba ItplO1JK1I 1t0B-
BeB:epOB,
BOJlLmlle 6pacJleTI>I DepeA TpaBcDopTllpOBltoii SaBOpa1JDBaIOT B DpOltJlaAlty,
Ha cTapldx mHBBIdX saBoAax 8Ta ODepaI(IIR DpOHSBOAIITCR BpyqBYIO, a Ba HOBLIX
saBo,u;ax 6paCJleTBLle CTaHRH 1t0MDJleKTyroTcR co cDeI(JIaJlI>BLlMII CTaHltaMH AJIR CBO-
paqllBaBHR 6paCJleToB.
CTaBOIC AU CBOp81111BaHBJ1 OpaCJIeTOB DMeeT cTaBIIBY, BBYTpIl ROTOpoii Haxo-
AHTCR 3J1eltTpo,n:BHraTeJIl> C peAYKTopOM, C00611\aIO lIe qepes I(eDBYlO Depe,u;aqy Bpa-
lI\eBHe rJlaBBoMY BaJlY. Ha BLlxoAR eM HS cTaHHBLIltOHI(e rJlaBHOrO BaJla CMOBTllpO-
BaBa rOJlOBlta C ,u;BYMR CltaJlltaMH, KOTopLle MorYT C6J1l1maTLCR, rOTOBldii 6pacJleT
BaAeBaeTcR Ha pasABIIHYTlde CltaJlltll II DpoBHcaeT lIa BIIX, 3aTeM Ba 6paCJleT Ha6pa-
CLlBalOT DpOICJlaAlty, BltJlIOqalOT 3J1eKTpOABHraTeJlL, II 6paCJleT SaltaTLlBaeTCR B Dpo-
RJla,u;lty, llocJIe 8Toro 8J1eltTpOABllraTeJlI> BLIRJllOqaeTCR, CltaJlltH cABllralOTcR, salta-
TaBBI>IB: 6paCJIeT CHIIMaeTCR co cltaJlolt II DepeAaeTcR Ha C60POqHldii CTaBOIt.
OTeqeCTBeBHI>IMII saBoAaMH Bl>InyCltalOTCR TPII MOAeJlII CTaBltOB AJIR CBOpaqH-
BaHHR 6paCJleTOB: 60" (AJlIIBa CRaJlOIt 1524 MM), 90" (AJlDHa cltaJlolt 2286 MM)
H 120" (AJlHaa cltaJlolt 3048 MM),
CBoABLIe AaaBLle, XapaltTepllSYIOm.ue paSJlII1JBLle BII,u;LI OTeqeCTBeBBOrO 060PY-
AOBaBHR AJIR HSrOTOBJleBHR 6paCJleTOB, npllBeAeHLI B Ta6J1, 9,3,
9.9,3. nOTO"lHble nHHHH Ana HsrOTOBneHHa
6pacneToB
)J;JlR YA06cTBa nHTaHIIR CJIORMII ROPAa, a TaR me oT60pa rOTOBIdX 6paCJIeTOB
U DepeAaqH IIX Ha yqacTltH C60pltH DOltpbImelt cosAalOTcR DOTOqHLle JlHUIIII, BltJllOqa-
IOII\He AHarOBaJll>aO-peSaTeJlI>BLle MamDHI>I, 6paCJleTBLle cTaBRH, CTaHltll AJIR cBopa-
1JBBaHIIR 6paCJleTOB, TpaBcDopTepLl 1IJ111 1t0HBeHepld.
CxeMa OAHOii liS DOTOqHLlX JlIIHoii DOltaSaBa Ha pHC, 9,20,
IIpH TaROB: paCCTaBOBlte 060PYAoBaBHR paCltpOeHBblB: It0PA DODaAaeT Ba OT60-
poqHbIii TpaBCDopTep 8, 1t0TOpLlM OB DOAaeTCR R DBTaTeJlRM, IIJ1H Ba TpaBCDopTepLl
6paCJleTHLIX CTaBKOB; c06paHHI>Ie 6paCJleTLI CBOpaqHBalOT aa CTaHltaX 3, 6, 10
H YltJlaAIdBalOT Ba CTeJlJlamll, 3aTeM 3TII CTeJlJlamH aJleltTpOltapaMII OTBOSRT It c60poq-
BHM CTaHltaM HJlII RJl8AYT sa CDe aJlLHlde TpaHcDopTepld; IIX MomHO Taltme BaBe-
mllBaTL Ba JllOJlLItH 1t0BBeiiepoB, B 3TOM cJlyqae UCKJllOqaIOTCJI ODepaI(IIH DO SaltaTlte
292
DOJlOC ltoPAa B YSKYIO DpOKJla,u;KY OltOJlO ABarOHaJlLHO-peaaTeJlbBblX MamBB II HX
pacsaTRe Y 6paCJleTHbIX CTaBKOB. Cym.eCTBYJOT U APyrlle cxeMbI KOMDOBOBKU 6pac-
JleTBIdX CTaHROB H AHarOBaJlbBO-peSaTeJlbBlU MamHH.
L
r , \/
If S
PDC. 9,20. CxeMa DOTO'IIIoi J1DBDD AJJII B8rOTOBJJ8IDI1I opaCJJeTOB:
1 - arpel'aT nBarORIUIbRo-peaaTeJlbBoit JlaJIJJIBW; Z - 6pacneTBIIIe CTaIIKB 120" C DBTaTeJJell; 8, 6, 10 - CTaRRII
.IUVI CBopa'uulluDUI 6pacneTOB; 4 - KOBBeitep nmr TPIUICnO OBKB 6pacneTOB Ba c60po...... ytJaCTOK; 5 -
CTemJaJI( nmr XJ)lUIellBR 6pacneTOB; 1 - 6pacneTllJole CTaBKB 60 C DupaJOJnam.1DOIII DllT8.TemIIIIB; , - OT6oJlO"l'
RJdt TPaBCDOP'l'ep; 9 - 6pacneTRYe CTaIIKB 90" C DllT8.TemDIB.
\ t:::J -;;
9,9.4, CTaHKH Ana HsrOTOBneHHa 6peKepHblx
6pacneToB rpysoBbiX paAHanbHblx WHH
B oTeqecTBeaHoH mIlHHOD: DpOMLImJIeBHOCTII AJIR HSrOTOBJleBHR 6peltepablx
6paCJleTOB AJIR mHO TilDa P DpHMeaReTCR CTaHOR H)J;0-59, Hs06pameHablB: Ba
pllC, 9,21. BHYTPII CTaaHHbl 1 Ha DOAWHDaHltaX CMOHTllpOBaH rJlaBHIdD: BaJl 8,
qeTLIpexCltopOCTBOD: aJleltTpOABHraTeJlb THDa T-52/12-6-4-2 MOII(HOCTblO 1,2; 2,4;
3,2; 3,5 ItBT (cOOTBeTCTBeaao C qaCTOTOB: Bpa eBHR 2880; 1440; 920 II 450 06/MHB),
pe,u;yltTOp II YCTPOBCTBO «o,u;aoro 060pOTa» flMO-160, Ha CTaBHUe HaXOARTCR DYJlLT
ynpaBJleaHR 9 H DepeaOCHOD: aom 2 C 3J1eltTp0060rpeBoM AJIR OTpesaBHR CJlOeB 06pe-
SHaeaBoro MeTaJlJlOlt0PAa, llHTaTeJlb 3 CTaBKa pasMe aeTcR Ha CTaaHae, )J;JlR 06eo-
DeqeBHR DpepblBaOD: pa60TId CTaalta DHTaTeJlb 3 BLIDOJlHeB ABYXCTOPOBBHM, DOBO-
pOTablM, B pa60qeM DOJlOmeHIIH OB 4)JIRcHpyeTcR DPH DOMOII\H sall\eJIltlll0, Ha Dma-
TeJle YRpeDJleaLI aaDpaBJlRIO He JlOTltH 5, )J;JlR CHRTHR c06paaHoro 6paCJleTa
6apa6aB 6 cBa6meB OTltHAHLIM CeltTOpOM, y6HpalOII\HMCR DO BaDpaBJleaHlO
R I(eBTpy 6apa6aaa.
llpHRaTOqBblD: MexaHIISM (Ba pllC. 9,21 Be DOltaSaH) COCTOUT liS ABYX pOJlHltOB,
aaBIIUqeHHIdX Ba XOAOBOD: BHUT C DpaBOD: H JleBOB: pesL60D:, H peSHUOBoro BaJlDRa
,u;JlR BOSBpa eBHR DpHltaTOqHbIX POJlUltOB B IICXOAHoe DOJlOmeBlle,
llepeA HaqaJlOM pa60TbI DpOHSBOAHTCJI sapRAlta DBTaTeJIR saRaTaHBblMII B DpO-
ItJlaAlty CJlORMH MeTaJlJlOltOp,u;a, ROTOpl>Ie YCTaHaBJIHBalOT Ha mTaHrax DIITaTeJlR T3K,
qT06b1 HHTH It0PAa DPII Ay6J1HpoBaSHII CJlOeB Depeltpell\lIBaJlHCL, 3aTeM SaDpaBJIRlOT
ROHI(1d Bcex CJlOeB 6peltepa B aaDpaBJlRlOlI\He JlOTltH, 1t0TOplde DOTOM cDycRalOTcR
Ha C60POqBIdD: 6apa6aH 6, lloBepxHocTb 6apa6aHa, RpOMe OTltH,u;Boro ceKTopa,
CMaSIdBalOT ItJleeM, llocJle 3Toro HaltJIa,u;I>IBalOT BpyqHYIO 1t0BeI( CJlOR Ha 6apa6aH
H SaltpeDJlRlOT ero pesHHoBoH neHTOqltOB:, HOmHOD: DeAaJlLIO 7 BRJllOqalOT YCTpOB:-
CTBO «OABOrO 060pOTa», llpH DOIIIOII\II Boma 2 OTpesalOT DepBI>IB: CJlOH, JlOTOR DOABH-
)falOT, CTldltyIOT BDPHTI>IIt 1t0H LI CJIOR Ha 6apa6aHe, DOBepXBOCTb DepBoro CJlOR
CMaqHBalOT 6eBSIIBOM, Bce DOCJleAYlOlI\He CJlOII HaltJlaAIdBalOTCR TaK me, ltaR H Dep-
BI>ID: CJlOD:, llPH aTOM CTpeMRTCR CTLIRH CJlOeB paBHOMepao paCDpeAeJlHTb DO BCeB:
,u;JlIIBe 6paCJleTa,
293
npOJl;eCC HSrOTOBJleBHR RpldJll>eB BltJllOqaeT CJleAYlOII\He OCBOBBHe ODepa
:
PIIXTOBlt8 DpOBOJlOKH, 06peSHHIIBaalle DpOBOJlOltH, HSrOTOBJleBHe 1t0Jle
, CDllpaJlI>-
OaR 06epTRa 1t0JleI( 6RSeBOB: JleBTOqltOB, aaltJla)J;lta BaDOJlHIITeJlI>HOrO DIBypa j
06epma ItpYJll>eBOD JleBTOD,
9.10,1. 06oPYAoBaHHe Ana HsrOTOBneHHa KpblnbeB
AHaroHanbHblx WHH
Y CT8HOBKa AM PUXTOBRB OABBO'IBoii OpoBOJIORB. llpOBOJIOR8, DOCTYDalOII\aa
Ba IDBBHbIe saBoAId, qaCTO Ae4)opMHpoBaBa, D08TOMY ee DpHXOAHTCR BYDPJIMJlRTI>
(pIlXTOB8TI». llpOBOJlOlta pHXTyeTcR DPH DepeltaTKe ee C 6YXT Ba ltaTymKH. ,IJ;JlR
PHXTOBltB II OqHCTltH OAOHOqBOD DpOBOJlOltH DpBMeBReTCJI YCTaHOBKa HMO 331Mt
ROTopaR BYnyCltaeTCR BMeCTO paRee HSrOTOBJlRBmeDCR YCTaHOBltll HMO 331.
Y CTaBOBlta HMO 331M COCTOHT HS paCltaTOqHOD CTODRH PHXTYIOII\erO YCTPOD-
CTBa, yRJl8A1Jlllta, mDYJlH, DpHBOAa, DYJlI>Ta YDpaBJleHDR II CBapOqHOrO aDDapaTa
ACll-3, PaCltaTOqBaR CTODlta DpeACTaBJlJleT C060D BepTHltaJlI>HO YCTaBOBJleHHbIi
BaJl C KaTymltOB:, Ba ItOTOPYIO H8AeBaeTCR 6YXTa DpOBOJlOltll, BaJl cBa6meB Bom-
HbIM TOpMOSOM,
PIIXTYlOm;ee YCTPODCTBO BltJllOqaeT DpHCDOC06J1eBHe AJIR OqllCTltH DpOBOJIOltll
H BaDpaBJlRIOII\HX H PHXTYlOII\HX pOJlDltOB, llOCJleABlle paCDOJlOmeBY B ABYX B8a-
liMBO DepDeBAHltYJlRpBLIX DJlOCKOCTRX,
3altaT01JBOe YCTPODCTBO COCTOHT HS yRJla,u;qHRa, 1t0TOpl>Iii, ABllraRcl> BosBpaTBo-
DocTYDaTeJlI>BO, yRJlaAYBaeT DpOBOJlOlty Ba mDYJle, BosBpaTHQ-DOCTYDaTeJlLHOe
,u;BHmeBlle DpHAaeTcR BHBTOM C DepeltpeCTBOD BapeSltOD, 3arpyslta H CBRTHe mnYJlII
C HaMoTaHHoD DpOBOJlOROD ocym.ecTBJlRIOTCR C DOMOII\I>IO naeBMOI(HJlHUApa II DOA-
BHiRBOB: KapeTltll,
HHme DpHBOAHTCR TeXHII'IeCltaR XapaltTepHC'fBKa yCTaBoBKII AJIR PHXTOBltll
OADBOqBOB: DpOCJlODltH HMO 331M:
'lacTOTa Bpa
eBJJJI mnYJlL, 06/MBB
M8KCDMaJILDaJI , . , , ,
MIfRRManLRaJI ",.",
,l\RaMeTp KaTymKB, MIl
J1J1 CT
apTHIo1X MOTKOB
J1Jl ReCT8B
apTIIYX MOTKOB "",."
JIlIBeUBaJI CKOpOCTL PRXTOBKR UpR YCJlOBROM cpe
-
BeM
BaMeTpe mUYJlB 650 MM, M/c
MaKCRMaJiLBaJl , , , . , , . , , , . ,
MBBHMaJlLHaJI ,."""".,
,l\8BJleBBe Boa
yxa B UReBMOCBCTeMe, Mlla
llpBBO
THD , , . , . . , , , , , , , , , ,
3J1eKTpO
BraTeJlL DOCTOJlRBOrO TOKa
THB , , . , , , , . , , , , , , .
MO
ROCTL, RBT .,."".,
qaCTOTa Bp
eR8Jl, o6/MRB , , , ,
anaaOB perymrpoB8IIBJI CKOpoCTH Bp
e-
BRJI, 06/MRB "",.""",
Macea, Kr
CTaBKa (6ea UYJlLTa) . , . " .",.
uynbTa ""'"
ra6apRTHHe paaMepH, MJ(
CTaJlOIC
DYJI&T
YDpaBJleBRR
810
370
955
JlBBa ,
IIDIpRBa
BHOOTa
4150
1400
1220
79
7,9
295
241
2.7
0.27
0,5
llTV6M4
MII-42
1,5
1500
150-1500
830
166
Cnpo'lllId
anuapaT
827
470
1220
Kem.
eAeJIaTem.BI>Ie arperaTl>l. 0611111BO 06pesBBBBaBlle DpOBOJlOltll B BaMOTRa
1t0JIe
IIpODSBO,u;RTCR aa 1t0JlI>
eJl;eJlaTeJlI>BYX arperaTax,
295
o T e q e C T B e B H LI e R 0 JI L I( e A e JI aTe JI I> Hide a r per a T LI, Ha-
D60JIee paCDpoCTpaBeHHl>lii Ba mHUHLlX saBoAax CCCP arperaT JIMO-245 (pIIC. 9.22)
DpeAaaSBaqeH AJIR BSrOTOBJleallR 60pTOBLlX 1t0JleI( BS 06pesBHeaBOB: DpOBOJlOltB
UJIB DJIeTeHltB, RaR BHABO BS pBC, 9,22, B COCTaB arperaTa BxoART ABa BaMOT01JBLlX
aBTOMaTa AR)J;-1A B AR)J;-2A, B saBBCBMOCTII OT pasMepa BSrOTOBJlReMLlX KOJle
arperaT MOmeT DOCTaBJlRTLCR C ,u;BYMR aBTOMaTaMB AR)J;-1A BJIB C ABYMR aBTOMa-
TaMB AR)J;-2A, Ha DepBoM IISrOTOBJlRlOT 60pTOBlde 1t0JlI>I(a C BByTpeHBBM AllaMeTpoM
OT 381 ,u;o 622,3 MM, Ha BTOpOM - C BHyTpeBHHM AllaMeTpOM OT 730 AO 1095 MM,
Pac1'>amo'l,Hble cmOU1'>U, )J;JlR paCltaTltB ltaTymltB DpOBOJlOltB DpBMeHReTCR cToiilta,
OMelOII\aR DO)J;IDBDBHltB, cBa6meHBLIe TopMosaMB, U HaDpaBJlRIO
Be 6J10ltB, llocJle,u;-
aile ABBralOTCR CBOOOAHO DO OCB, OAHU 6J101t BaAeT Ba CTaI(BOBapBo paCDOJlOmeHBYIO
OCL, a APyroB: Ha OCI>, BCTaBJleBaylO B OTRBAHLle ItpOBmTeB:BLI, RaTymlta C DJIeTeB-
KOB: yCTaHaBJlBBaeTCR DPB DOMO
B mTaHrB - OCB B DOAIInlDBBRaX CTOB:ltU, )J;JlR
paCKaTltB DJIeTeBRB YTOqBOB: DpOBOJlOqBOii JleBTI>I DpHMeBRIOTCR OABBOqBLIe
CTOB:ltO,
Pac, 9,22, KOJJLu;e
eJIaT8JlLBYii arperaT HMO-245:
1 - mnYJIRpRBK C paCKaTO'IIIYMD croitKaMH; 3 - sanpuJVllomu croibca; 8 - BJleKTPORarpeBaftJlb npOBOJlOICB;
4 - 'IepBII'IIIU MaDIIIIIa; 5 - YCTaHOBKa nJIJI RarpeB8 nellTW; 6 - YCTIIBOBKa nJIJI Do,wm neBTW; 1 - 1(OllOeB-
caTOp; 8, 9 - KOJIbIteJIenaftJlbBlle aBTOMaTiol AR,u-tA . AJ<,u-2A,
llpB BSrOTOBJlemm oeSyTOqBOB: DpOBOJlOqBoii JleBTLI YCTaHaBJlIIBalOTCR paclta-
T01JBlde YCTpOB:C'l'Ba; 1t0Jlll1JeCTBO BX SaBBCIIT OT 1JBCJla DpOBOJlOIt, BS ROTOpLlX
,u;oJlmaa COCTORTI> JleBTa; 06LIqHO BCDOJll>8yeTcR 4, 6, 8 BJIB 10 DpOBOJlOIt
(CM, pBC, 9,22), OTAeJlI>BLle DpOBOJlOltB C 3TBX KaTymeK co611palOTcR B CDeI(JIaJlI>-
aLIX HaDpaBJlRlOII\BX 6J1oltax Ha BaDpaBJlRlOlI\eii cToiilte 2 B e,u;DHYlO JleBTY. OAHUOq-
aLie DpOBOJlOKB, 06pasyIOII(Be JleBTY, AOJlmBLI 6ml> O,u;DHaltOBO BaTRBYTLI U OT
eB-
TpOBaBhI TaR, qTo6L1 co6paBBaR JleBTa BaXO,u;DJlacl> TOqBO Ba OABOii JlDHm! C rOJlOB-
IWB: qepBJI1JBOB: MamBBl>I,
H azpeoame.n,u OMI. npooOJl.olm, HarpeTaR DpOBOJlOlta 06pesBHIIBaeTCR Jlyqme,
qellf HeBarpeTaR, Ha HeKoTopLlX saBoAax DpOBOJlOlta BarpeBaeTCR AO 50-100°C,
B arperaTe flMO-245 DpBMeBReTCR aJleltTpOBarpeBaTeJlI> 3, DpeACTaBJlRlOlI(BB: c060B:
saltpml>Iii RII(BIt, B KOTOpOM paSMeII\eBhI qeTLlpe BaDpaBJlRlOlI\lIX mRBBa, ABa liS BBX
BSOJIDpOBaBhI, B Ba BIIX qepes II\eTOqBYlO cBcTeMY DOAaeTCR TOIt BIISItOrO BaDpJlme-
BBR B 60JlLmoii CBJlLI. llpoXOAR DO mltllBaM, DpOBOJlOKa SaMLlltaeT TOIt H Barpe-
BaeTCR, IISMeHRR CBJlY TOlta, perYJlBpYlOT TeMDepaTYPY HarpeBa B SaBIICBMOCTH OT
CKOpOCTB ABBmeHBR JleBTLI B CODpOTIIBJleBIIR DpOBOJlOltB,
fJepoJl,'I,HflSl, MalUUlUl, 06peSHUIIBaHBe DPOBOJlOqBLlX JleBT DpOBSBOABTCR B qep-
BlIqBOii MaDIBBe ABaMeTpOM 63 MM, ODBCaBBOB: B rJl, 2, MamBBa cBa6meBa T-06pas-
aOB: rOJlOBltOB:, llJleTeBlta BJIB DPOBOJlOqBaR JleBTa (YTOqBaR BJIB 6esYTOqBaJI)
CBaqaJla DPOXOABT qepes BaDpaBJlRlO
YlO DJlaBlty, BMelOlI\YlO II\eJIL HYmBOrO pas-
Mepa AJIR DpoxOAa DJleTeBltB B YTOqBOB: JleBTLI, BJlII pR,u; ItPyrJlLlX oTBepcTHi AJIR
JleBTLI, COCTORII\eB: BS OTAeJlI>BI>IX DpOBOJlOK. HaSBaqeBBe 8TOB: DJlaBltB - BaDpa-
BIITI> DpOBOJlORY B rOJlOBlty B SaltpLlTL DyTI> AJIR BLlDpeCCOBltB peslIHbI B 3TOM BaDpa-
BJleHBB,
llpOB:AR rOJlOBlty qepBRqHOrO Dpecca, 06pesBBeBBaR JleBTa DO HaDpaBJlRlOII\BM
pOJlllltaM DOCTYDaeT B XOJlOAIIJlI>BOe YCTpoiicTBO, Dpe,u;CTaBJlRlOII\ee c060ii Be60JlI>-
mylO BaBay C OTmllMBhIM peSIIBOBLlM BaJlBltOM cBepxy II MeTaJlJluqeCKHM BaJlBKOM
296
cHDSY, 3a BaHHOD: JleHTa 06AYBaeTCR BOSAYXOM D DOAaeTCJI Ha ABa DpOTRrDBalOII\RX
6apa6aHa, KOTopue BI>ITJlrBBalOT ee DS rOJlOBKD mDpD
-MamHBhI D AODOJlHDTeJlbHO
OXJlamAalOT, BKJllOqeBBe D BIdKJllOqeHBe DpOTRrDBalOm.ux DpDCDOC06J1eHDD: DpODSBO-
ADTCR OT HRmBerO KOBeqHOrO BIdKJllOqaTeJlR KOMDeBcaTopa,
KO
tneHCamop, llpODAJI DpOTJlrDBalO
ee YCTPODCTBO, JleHTa DODaAaeT Ba KOM-
DeHcaTOp 7 (CM, pRC, 9,22), DpeACTaBJlRlODJ,DD: C060D: ABa 6J10Ka, COCTOR
Re DS
HeSaBDCDMO Bpa
alODJ,DXCJI mKDBOB. BepxHDH 6J10K COCTODT DS DRTD mKDBOB,
HHmHDD - DS qeTldpeX, HBmHDD: 6J10K ABDmeTCJI DO HaDpaBJlJllO
DM CTaHDHaM
KOMDeHcaTopa, a BepXBDD: 6J10K SaKpeDJleH CTaI(JIOHapBO HaBepxy CTaHHUld, Ha Ba-
DpaBJlRlO
DX YCTaHOBJleHId HDmHDD D BepXHRD: KOHeqHlde BIdKJllOqaTeJlD, ROMDeaca-
TOp cJlymDT AJIR coxpaHeHDR saDaca DpOBOJlOKD, ROMDeHcaTOp BMeII\aeT 20 M
JIeHTId (Ha sapy6emHldx YCTaHOBKax 40 M). HaXO,u;RCb Ha KOMDeBcaTope, 06peSRaeH-
BaR JleBTa AODOJlHDTeJlbHO OXJlamAaeTCR D qepes HaDpaBJlRlO
De 6J10KD D samDMHoe
YCTPODCTBO DOCTYDaeT Ha HaMOTOqHIdD CTaBOK,
H Q.MOmO'lHNe cmaHXU, B COCTaB arperaTa flMO-245 BXOART aBTOMaTlI1JeCKDe
HaMOTOqHlde CTaHKD AR)J;-1A D AR)J;-2A, CxeMa aBTOMaTa AR)J;-1A DOKasaHa Ha
pRC, 9,23, )J;JlR BIdTRfDBaHDR JleHTI>I DS KOMDeHcaTopa D saDpaBKD ee B saMOK
ma6J10Ba CJlymDT DOAalO
DD MexaHDSM 1, llPD DSMeHeHDD ADaMeTpa ma6J10Ha pery-
nDpOBaHDe DOJlOmeBDR MexaHDSMa DOAaqD B saMKa DpODSBOADTCR pyRORTKOD 2,
MexaHDsM 06Py6KD JleHTId COCTODT DS MOJlOTKa 3, JleSBDR 4 U CDYCKOBIdX pldqarOB,
fOToBlde KOJlbI(a CHDMalOTCR C ma6J10Ha c6paCIdBaTeJleM 6, )J;JlR DpeAOTBpa
eHDR
Bpa
eBIIR ma6J10Ba BO BpeMR c6pacidBaHDR KOJlb
a CTaBOK cBa6meH 6J1o-
KDPYlO
DM MexaHHSMOM 10, llpDeM rOTOBIdX KOJl8I( oCYII\eCTBJlReTCR KOJlb
e-
JIOBlITeJleM 9,
HaMoTo'!aLIe aBTOMaTbI AR)J;-1A D AR)J;-2A xapaKTepDSYlOTCR CJleAyroII\IDf1l
,u;aaaLIMD:
CTaRKH
AK,IJ;-1A AK,IJ;-2A
BBYTpeBBuii ABaMeTp JI3fOTaB-
JIIIBaeHLIX KOJIe
, MM
MBHBMaJILBHB . 381 730
MaKCBMaJILBHi 622 1095
II pOB3BO
BTeJIbBOCTL, 1(0-
JIe
/MIIB
MIIHBMaJILBaJl 7 0.62
MaKCBMaJILBIUI 20 2,8
qUCJIO MoeB
MIIHDMaJILBOe 2 8
MaRCBMaJIbBOe , , , , ,. 8 20
illBpBBa D)"IKa DpOBOJIOKB, MM 12 16
CKOpOCTL DpoTaCKBBaBBJI Dpo-
BOJIo'IBoi JIeBTH, M/MJlB
MUBBMaJILBIUI 40 40
),faRCBMaJILBIUI . , . . ,. 120 120
HH
<e DpDBeAeaa xapaKTepDcTRKa 9J1eKTpOABRraTeJlei DpuBoAa KOJlb
eAeJla-
TeJlbHOrO arperaTa flMO-245:
THn
MOIII;ROCTIo.
KBT
3JIeKTpo
BuraTeJUt
aBTOMaTa ,."".
BO
a1JB peaBBoBoiilJIeBTH
KOMDeBcaropa ."
epBH
BoB M
H
A02-31-4
A0921-4
A02-51-6
11-62
2.2
0.27
5.5
14
"'IacTOTa
BP
eJIIIJI,
O(i IDR
1500
1400
950
1500
297
<::>
.....
OQ
-
-
991,/
J
06
'"
Ii
'"
II
i
t
o
11\
!
H
I
I
..
I
CIS'
I
Ii
...,
(;
H
h
1>'4H
fa:
tl
U
1::1"
'"
:.;
I; ,
Ii:::
.:.: I.-
;:: 01):1
o;!
111M
< il
:0:: 1;=
o II!!.
1:11 ... 13
t .J.
>III
:I O
91 i.:3
= ,I
. '0 <:>
"= ...
Q) ....
i ,Q
i:ra:
,.Q 0
0 "= :';11
1»0
:0:: $:loa
>III Ir:t
III ...;j
._
Gi
I
fo< ='"
. '"
:s H"
I
ij
lid
0) gOO
, 1::1._
U l :g
III 0
p., ... I;
Hume DpBBeAeHId CBeAeHHR 0 mDYJlRX, ra6apBTHLIX paSMepaX B MaCCe arpe-
raTa:
'1Reno mnYJlL B mOYJlJlpBHKe
,I\RaMeTp, MIll
00 pe60PAe , , . , . , .
meiKB "...."",
fa6apRTBHe paSMepLi arperaTa, MM
AJlHBa
mRpRBa
BLiOOTa , , . . . , . , , . , ,
Macca arperaTa, T ,.,..",
8
800
530
i5 860
2565
3480
7.576
R 0 JI b
e A e JI aTe JI b Hide a r per a T Id sap Y 6 e m H Id X 4) D P M,
,D;JlR HaMOTKD KOJle
B 60JlbmDHCTBe CTpaH DpDMeHRlOTCR DOJlyaBToMaTOqeCKDe
D aBTOMaTDqeCKUe CTaHKD,
B DOCJle)J;HHe rOAld DORBDJlDCb KOJlbI(eAeJlaTeJlbHlde arperaTId, DOSBOJIRlOm,De
OAHOBpeMeHHO BsrOTaBJlDBaTb KOJlb
a B HeCKOJlbKO pyqbeB, MHoropyqbeBoB KOJlb-
I(eAeJlaTeJlbHIdB arperaT usrOTaBJlDBaeT KOJlbI(a B ABa-qeTldpe DapaJlJleJlbHIdX PY-
qbR, OH DMeeT mDYJlRpBDK Ha 24 mDYJlB. llpOTRrDBalOm,De 6apa6aald, POJlBKU, Ba-
DpaBJlRlOII\Be BO Bcex CTaBKax arperaTa, a TaKme ma6J10H D Hom DMelOT 60JlbmylO
mDpDHY, paCCqDTaHHyro Ha paSMem,eHDe AByx-qeTldpeX DapaJlJleJlbHIdX JI"eaT
DpOBOJIOKD, B ABa pyqbR DpODYCKaeTCR 9-12-DpRABaR JleHTa, B TPD - 7 -8-DPRA-
HaR, B qeTldpe - CO
TORm,aR He 60Jlee qeM DS 6 DpRAeii, llpODsBOABTeJl&HOCTb
arperaTa DOBldmaeTCR DpODOpI(JIOHaJlbHO qDCJlY pyql>eB,
HeKoToplde mDHBLle saBOAId sa rpaHD
ei DCDOJlbSYlOT CTaHKD AJiR DSrOTOBJle-
aDR KOJle
DS OABHOqHOH DpOBOJlOKU, TaKBe KOJlb
a Ds-sa DOBDmeBHoH DpOBSBO-
,u;HTeJlbHOCTD CTaBKOB DpDMeaRlOTCR cpaBHBTeJlbHO peAKO. OHB DCDOJl&aYlOTCR
rJlaBBLlM 06pasoM AJIR KpYDHora6apDTHldx mBB, aBDaI(JIOBHbIX mDH D mDB, Tpe-
6yroII\BX oco60 DPOqHIdX 60pTOB, BaDpDMep rpYSOBIdX TUDa P C MeTaJlJlOKOPAHbIM
KapK8COM. B HaCTOR
ee BpeMR HaD60Jlee cOBpeMeHHoB MamDHOB AJIR HaBIIBKB
1C0Jle
BS OAHUOqBOH DpOBOJlOKD RBJlReTCR HaBDBOqHaR MamDHa TDDa H,D; 4)DpMld
«HeiimeBeJl CTaBAapT» (CmA). 3Ta MamBHa OAHOBpeMeBBO MomeT HaMaTLIBaTb
meCTb KOJleI(, MamDaa DMeeT mnyJlRpHHK AJIR DpOBOJlOKD, RaTymKD C DpOBOJlOKOH
YCTaHaBJlDBalOT Ba paCKaTOqHlde cToiKD, ODDcaHBlde Bldme (AJIR arperaTa flMO-245),
MamDHa BaMaTIdBaeT AO 100 BDTKOB DpOBOJlOKD B CeqeHBD KOJIbI(a ADaAleTpOM
12-24,5", llpODsBO,u;HTeJlbHOCTb MamBBId B OABOM pyqbe 70-80 KOJleD.jq DPD
aaMOTKe 36-45 BBTKOB B CeqeHUD KOJlb
a D 40 KOJleI(/q DPD BaMOTKe 80-90 BHTKOB
.B CeqeBBB KOJlb
a.
CTaBRB AU UarOTOBJIeBBR BBTWX 1C0JleI(. B OTAeJlbHIdX CJlyqaRx, oc06eHBo
AJiR JlerKOBIdX DOKpldmeK II HeKoTopldX TDDopaaMepoB rpysoBIdX mDH TIlDa P,
DpDMeBRlOTcR BDTLIe 60pTOBide KOJlb
a, 3TB KOJlb
a Ha 50% DpOqHee KOJle
APyrn
KOHCTPYKI(Hii, Dpu aTOM KOJlb
a DOJlyqalOTcR meCTKDMD, BepaCTRrllBalOJIUlMBCR,
Cym,eCTByeT HeCKO;IbKO CDoc060B D THDOB CTaHROB AJIR DSrOTOBJleBBR TaKDX KOJle
,
B OTeqeCTBeBBOH IDHBHOB DpOMl>ImJleHHOCTD AJIR DpODSBOACTBa BHTIdX. 60pTOBldX
KOJle
DpDMeaRIOTCR CTaBKD CJleAyrom.ux MOAeJleH: :Qm-13486, llR-A-22, RH-11266
D 321-041,
Hau60Jlee COBepmeHBIdM CTaHKOM AJIR DpODSBOACTBa BHTIdX 60pTOBldX KOJle
RBJlReTCR CTaHOK 312,011, DpeAHaSBaqeBHIdH AJIR DpODSBOACTBa BDTIdX KOJle
'
DOKpldmeK C DocaAOqBIdM ADaMeTpOM 13", llpODsBOADTeJIbBOCTb CTaBKa OKOJlO
80 KOJleD.jq, ,D;oaMeTp KOJlb
a DO CepAeqBBKY 335-345 MM, mar BaBDBKD 133 MM;
CKOpOCTb DOAaqD DpOBOJlOKD AJiR HaBDBKD KOJlb
a 25,6 M/HDH; qllCJlO mDyJlb
1 mT,; AJlDHa DpOBOJlOKD (ABaMeTpOM 1 MM) B mDYJle 8000 M, MO
OCTb <JJleKTpo-
ABDraTeJlR DpDBOAa 2 KBT, fa6apDTid CTaHKa 4380 X 1260 X 1000 MM, Macca
2,06 T, .
CT8IIICII AU dOABymc8BB8
DB CTWlCa OOpTOBI>IX lCoJle
. Y KOJlbI(8, DSrOTOBJleB-
Horo ByTeM HaMOTKB DpOBOJlOqHOH JleHTId BOKpyr ma6J10Ha, BcerAa DMelOTCR ABa
299
ROBI(a, 3TB KOH I>I ,u;OJlmBl>I DepeRpldBaTb ,u;pyr ,u;pyra. )J;JlR DJleTeHKD B YToqBOi
JleHTId ,u;JlDHa CTIdKa COCTaBJlReT 40-80 MM, P;JlR 6eSYTOqHOH JleBTId p;OCTBraeT 80-
120 MM,
CTIdK ROJlbI(a SaKpeDJlReTCR CJle,u;YlOm;BM1I cDoc06aMD: BaJlOmeBlleM DOJlOCKD
611SD mDpDHoH 25-30 MM, DpoMasaBHoi Ba KaJlaH,u;pe pesDBoH C ,u;BYX CTOpOB;
Do,u;BYJlKaBIIS eB: CTLlKa,
,D;JlR Do,u;BYJlKaBDSaI(JIH CTIdKa 60PTOBI>IX KOJle BI>IDYCKalOTCR DOJlyaBToMaT
l1iK-25162 D CTaHOK 540-4,
lloJlyaBToMaT 111«-25162 Dpe,u;HaSBaqeH ,u;JlR Do,u;BYJlKaHD8 H CTLIKOB 60pTO-
BIdX KOJleI( DS meCTII- D BOCbMDDpRABOB: DpOBOJlORH B I(exax C 60JlbmllM 061oeMoM
DPOBSBo,u;CTBa, OH COCTOIIT DS CTaHHBH - CTOHKD, BepXBIIX D HDmBDX DOJlY4PoPM,
rJlaBHOrO BaJla C DpIIBO,u;OM, lloJlyaBToMaT pa60TaeT CJle,u;ylOII\OM 06pasoM. B paCKpld-
Tide DOJly4)OpMI>I DO Xo,u;y Bpa eHIIR BCTaBJlRlOT 60pTOBI>Ie KOJlb a, saTeM DOJly4)OpMI>I
SaRpldBalOT II BaqlDlaeTCR Do,u;BYJIRaBBS . llo OKOBqaHIIH S8AaHHoro Jla BYJl-
RaHHSaI(JlB 4PoPMa paCKpldBaeTCR II 60pToBoe KOJlbI(O BIdTaJlKHBaeTCR DS HDmHeR
DOJly4)OpMld, lloJlyaBToMaT DpHCDOco6J1eH P;JlR KOJleI( ,u;HaMeTpOM 381-1095 MM
DPD mDplDle DX 10 MM D BI>ICOTe 12 MM. )J;pyrlIe TeXHB'!eCKOe ,u;aHBI>le DOJlyaBToMaTa
l1iK-25162 DpDBOARTCR HDme:
IIpOD8BOABTeJILBOCTL, mT/1DIB . ,
'IaCTOTa Bp eBBJI CTOJIa, 06/MBB
TeMDepaTypa UO YJIKaBB8 IIB, °C
IIpeccoBoe YCDJIDe IIOJIYI>PM, KH
3JIelCTpoABaraTeJIL
TOU , , , , , . , , , , , ,
MO BOCTL, aBT """
'1aCTOTa BpaJqellJlJl, oO/KJDI , , ,
MO DOCTh BarpeBaTeJIbDwt aJIeMeBTOB.
aBT , , , , , . , , , ,
faoapBTBLle 'a8Mepa, MM
ABlIKeTp
BLiCOTa
Macca, T "",."
11-12
0,57 .
180:1:10
2.5
A02-32-6
2,2
960
7,6
t460
1790
t.4
GTaHOK 540-4 ,u;JlR Do,u;ByJlKaHIISaI(DH CTIdKOB 60PTOBldX KOJleI( COCTODT DS
DBeBMO BJlDH,u;pOB, BepxHeH ]I BBmBeR DOJly4)OpM C 3J1eKTpoDo,u;orpeBoM. BHYTpeH-
BD ,u;DaMeTp 60pTOBldX KOJleI( 356-508 MM, mHpDHa 60PTOBldX KOJleI( B Ce1JeaDII
7,5 MM, BI>ICOTa 8,5 MM, llpOllsBo,u;IITeJlbHOCTb 120 mT/q, qDCJlO o,u;HOBpeMeHHO DO,u;-
BYJlKaBDsyeMl>Ix KOJleI( 4. npO,u;OJlmHTeJlbHOCTb Do,u;BYJlKaHDSaI(WI 1-2 MDa,
TeMDepaTypa 180-200 °C, DpeCCYlOlI(ee YCDJlDe 18,8 KH, )J;aBJIeHOe Bos,u;yxa
,u;JlR DpD)RDMa DOJly4)OpM 0,2-0,5 Mna, MO HocTb BarpeBaTeJlbHLIX 3J1eMeHTOB
0,5 KBT. ra6apBTaide paSMepbI 475 X 460 X 2040 MM,
OGepTo'llll>le CTaBKH. 06epTKa KOJleI( TRaBeBOB: JleHTOqKOH DpODSBO,u;DTCR
Ha CTaHltaX DpRMOH D CDOpaJl&HOH 06MOTKII. Ha CTaaKe ,u;JlR DpRMOH 06epTKII
KOJle KOJlbI(O SaDpaBJIReTCR B mKDB, DMelO lIB: DpOT01JKY; Ty,u;a me SaDpaBJIReTCR
KOHeI( 06epTOqHOB: JleHTI>I; cBepxy KOJIbI(O 3aKpbIBaeTCR Do,u;'beMBLIM !DRDBOM,
llpD DOBOpa1JDBaBHII ROJl& a CDCTeMa pOJlHKOB 06epTidBaeT ero JleHTOqKOH, a Bepx-
HHii Do,u;'beMHIdB: !DRDB DpOD3BO,u;DT DpBKaTKY, CTaaoK cBa6maeTCR DBTaTeJleM ,u;JlR
Do,u;a1JD JleBTOqKII, saKaTaHBOB: B BaJIBE,
Ha HeKOTOpl>IX OTe1JeCTBeBHblX saBo,u;ax aKcDJlyaTDpyeTcR CTaHOK ,u;JlR DpRMOB:
o6epTKII TDDa CRO-2, KOTOpl>Iii xapaKTepH8yeTcJI cJle,u;ylODJ,BMH ,u;aHBLlMD: ,u;D3MeTp
06epTI>IBaeMOro KOJlbI(a 400-1000 MM, qaCTOTa BpaII\eHDR DpDKaTIdBalO BX BaJlD-
KOB 56 06/MHH, mDpDHa 06epTOqBOH JleHTI>I 50-90 MM, MOII\HOCTI> aJleKTpOHarpe-
BaTeJlR DpDBo,u;a CTaHRa 0,6 KBT, 3TOT CTaBOR ceiqac saMeBReTCR 60Jlee COBpeMeH-
HLIJm CTaBKaMH CDHpaJlbBOi 06epTo, pa60TalOm,HMB DO DpHUI(DDy 06eraBDR
K8TymRII C Jlem01lRoi BOKP1r npOBOJlO'lllOro ROJlIt a,
300
AJiR CDRpaJlbHOrO 06epTWBaHIIR fiOpT0BldX KeJle TRaBeBOB: JleHTOB B CCCP
BIdDYCKaeTCR CTaHOR 101-04. OB COCTOBT lIS HHmHeB: B BepxneB: CTaBBB, HaMOT01lHOro
MexaBIISMa, pommOB DOAaqll fioPToBoro ROJlb a, DBeBMOI(JIJlDBAPOB, MeXaBJI8Ha
npDmDKa 60pToBoro ROJlb a II TRrH. B BDmBeB: CTaBDHe paCDOJlOmeB aJleKTpO,t(BB-
raTeJlb MOII\BOCTblO 1,3 RBT, DpIIBOAR B ABDmeHlle 1Jepes RJlIIBOpeHeBHyIO
DepeAaqy rJlaBBLlH BaJl, YCTaBOBJleBHbIB B BepxHeH CTaHDHe, KOTOpl>Iii, B CBOIO Oqe-
peAb, Bpam,aeT mnYJlIo U pOJlJIRII DOAa1J1I 60PTOBOrO ROJlbI(a, BOPTOBOe KOJlbl:(O npll-
mllMaeTCR R pOJllIKaM DOAaqD C DOHO blO DBeBMOI(JIJlDHApa U CDCTeMJi[ TRr, B Ko e
ODepaI(JIII 06epTWBaBIIR 60pToBoro KOJlb a rJlaBBLlH BaJl DpHTOpMamllBaeTCR npu
DOMO II naeBMoycTpOHCTBa, TeXHH1JeCKaR xapaKTepDCTBKa CTaHRa 101-04 DpIlBO-
ARTCR HRme:
BOyTpeBBJIii: ABaMeTp 6opTOBYX ROJIeu;, MIl , ,
I1poBaBO UTeJIbROCTb (npB 06ePTLlB8.RHIl 6op-
TOBHX ROJIen; HaMeTpOM 508 MIl), mT/q
Han60JIbmlUl DIHpHBa JIeBTLI, MM ."".
mar CDBp8JIH oOepTLlBIUOJQeii JIeOTY, MIl , , ,
mHpIIOa ROJIeu; C 6opTOBOi JIeOTLI, MIl , , , ,
ORPY'KBIUI CROpOCTb no a'lB ROJIbu;a, M/MBB
Ma1IlBBBoe BpeMJI o6epTJUt ROJIeu;, C
AHaMeTpOM 330 )1M
HlIKeTpoM 1066 MIl
'IacToTa BpaJD;eBBJI, o6/MIIB , ,
,l{aBJleBBe Boa yxa B CeTU, MIla
:3neRTpO BlII'aTeJlb
THn """,.",
MOJQBOCTb, RBT , , , , . ,
qaCTOTa BpaJD;eBBJI, 06/MIIB
ra6apHTIIHe paaMepy, MIl
JIBBa ,
IDHpBBa
BLiCOTa
Macca, IU'
330-1066
120
24
24
8-t7
20.4
3.2
10
850
0.5-0.6
AOJIC2-22-6
1.3
810
830
590
2260
398
KpWJII.eBwe CTaBRB. nOMe DPOAOJlbHOB: DJlD CDHpaJlbHOii 06ePTKB Ba 60pToooe
1tOJlbI(O DOKpLImKR HaRJlaAI>IBalOT HaDOJlORTeJlbBI>IH mHYP D 06peSDHeHByro TKaBe-
BYlO DnD KOp,u;HYlO JleHTY - TaR HaSIdBaeMYlO Kpl>IJlbeBYlO JleHTY (4)JlIIDDep), 3TY
Jlemy yRJla,u;LIBalOT TaK, qT061d KOH I>I ee 06paSOBaJlD «BOPOTBJIR» CO CTYDeHbKaMlI,
CTaHKII AJIR YKasaBBOB: OIiepaI(JID HaSIdBalOTCR «KPIdJlI>eBI>IMD»,
. AJIR HaJlOmeHRR KpIdJl&eBOH JleHTI>I Ha KOJlbI(a AJIR rPYSOBI>IX DOKpldmeK H8
OTe1JeCTBeHHIdX saBOAax DpOMeBRlOTCR KpldJlbeBlde CTaHKD CR$-3, CR$-5 u CRcD-6,
AJIR JIerROBI>IX DOKpldmeK - CR$-4.
RpbIJibeBOH CTaHOK CR$-3 AJIR rpYSOBIdX DORpbImeK DOKasaH Ha pDC, 9,24,
00 COCTODT D3 CTOHKD 5 II Hecym.eB: CTaOHHI>I 2, Ba KOTOpOB: CMOBTlIpOBaBW nOAa-
lOII\Hi MexaBDSM 1 D DpDBOAHOB: MeXaBDSM DpDKaTOqBLlX pOJlDKOB 3, llpDBOA 4
pa60TaeT OT aCRHxpOHHoro aJleKTpOABDraTeJlR. CTaHKD pa60TawT CJle,u;YlODJ,HM 06pa-
SOH: 60pTOBoe KOJlbI(O YCTaHaBJlDBalOT Ha DOAAepmDBalOII\De pOJlBKD 8 (JleBI>IB: DPIl-
KaT01JBbIB: pOJlDK DPD aTOM OTBeAeo). 3aTeM R KOJlbI(Y DOABOARTCR Kpl>IJlbeBaR JleBTa,
KOTopaR DPD DOHO D CDCTeMId pOJlIIKOB 3 D BaDpaBJlRlOII\DX JlOTKOB 7 06epTI>IBaeTCR
BOKpyr 60pToBoro KOJlbI(a.
CTaBKII CR$-5 AJiR DSrOTOBJleHRR KpldJlbeB DOKpldweK C DocaA01JBLlM ADaweT-
pOM OT 24 AO 32" D CRcI>-6 - C Doca,u;OqHIdM ADaMeTpOM 40" YCTpOeBI.I aHaJIOrllqBO
cTaHKy CR$-3, Y CTpOHCTBO CTaHRa CRcI>-4, DpDMeHReMOro npeDMYII\eCTBeHHO AJIR
DsrOTOBneHDR KpldJlbeB JlerKOBIdX DOKpLImeR, OTJlH1JaeTCR OT YCTpOB:CTBa CTaBKa
CRcI>-3 TeM, '{TO DOAalO OH MexaHIISHOM Y Hero CJlymDT DpBKaTOqHI>IB ABCK. CTa-
HOK OCBam,eH pl>IqamHIdM YCTpoiicTBOM C Ha60pOM comHDKOB D pOJlDKOB AJIR BPD-
KaTRII KpbIJlbeB,
30t
z
95 85
6
c::.
i!
...
...
"'?
680
PRC, 9,24, CTaJlOK CRcII-3 p.JJSI BSI'O'J'OIlJl8IIBII KpwneB rpyaOBLIX IIOKpYllleK:
1 - DO.Q1IlO11(RJt 1IIeX8H118M; 2 - CTaBBII8; 8 - Dpn81O'Im.dt POJIBJ(; 4 - upno.Q; 6 - C'1'01H8; 8 - UPDBO.QROA
MeX8H118M UPIIK81O'IRIU PMllKOS; 1 - RaupasmnoJqd BOTOlf; 8 - DO.Q.QepIfCBB8IOIft1rit POJlBJ(.
HH)I,e DpBBe,u;eHa TeXBuqeCKaR XapaKTepUCTBK8 KpldJlbeBIdX CTaHKOB 1JeTbIpeX
MapOK, BIdDycKaeMIdX OTe1JeCTBeBBIdMD SaBOp;aMB:
CK4J>-3
IIpoHSBOWlTeJlLBOCTL, m:r/q " 143
PasMephl KOJlLn:a, MM (7.50-20).
BBYTPeBBBB AB8MeTp , : . 381-530
mBpDRa , , , , , , , " 8-16
BHCOTa """". 6-18
IDRpBRa KpLIJILeBOi JleBTH, MM 70-140
CKOpOCTL IIPHKaTKB, M/c , , 0.59
'lacToTa Bp
eB_, o6/MBB
IIpl1KaTOQBHX pOJlBKOB 125
3aKaTOQBOrO ABCKa
,I\HaMeTp 6060H, MM .
3JleKTpO
Bl1raT8nB
THII , . . , , , ,
MO
BOCTL, KBT
QaCTOTa Bp
eBBR, 06/MHB
fa6apHTBhle pasMepH, MM
J1HBa ,
mHpDBa
BhlOOTa ,'."
Macca, Kr , , , , . ,
CR
4
170
(5.00-16)
330-530
8-15
6-18
70-140
0.74
188
62.5
CR
&
50
(21.00-18)
600-860
8-16
20-40
200-220
0.59
125
, AOJI2-21-4 AOJI2-11-4 AOJI2-21-4
1.1 0.6 1.1
1400 1400 1400
* P88Mep DOlfPW1llKll.
302
680
750
1430
338
960
580
1560
214
730
745
1475
340
CR
6
46
(12-38)
1000-1100
8-12
18-25
250-320
0.59
125
300
AOJI2-21-4
1.1
1400
770
850
1440
355
IIaTaTeJIB 1C Rpwm.eBI>IJI CT8B1C8II. R ODHC811HW1 KpHJlI>eBLDI CTIUlKUI Cl(Cf}-3
II CKCb-4 BldnycKaeTCR DBTaTeJIb CRn-2, a R CTaHRY CK$-5 - DBTaTem. CRn-3.
3TII DJlT8TeJIB npeABaSBa1JeBLl ,u;JlR no,u;a1IB 06peSDHeBHOB TKaBeBOB: JleRTH Ba
Kpl>lJlbeBOB CTaHOR, OHII XapaKTepllsyroTCR CJleA}'IO
BMII ,u;aBBLlM1l:
nBTat'eaR
CRn-2 CRn.3
PaaMepl>I paCKaTO'lBoit 606uRI>I, 14M
mRpBRa , , , , , , , , , ,
AUlIKeTp , . , , , , , . , .
IDRpBRa JIeBTI>I, MM ,.""
CKOpOCTL DOAa'IB neBTI>I, M/MBR
0puBOARoit poJDl1(
BlIKeTp, )Of , , , , , , ,
1laCTOTa Bp
eBIIR, 06/11ID1
:3JIeKTpOABuraTeJlL
Tm """"'"
MO
OCTL, KBT .,."
'1aCTOTa Bp
eBBJI, 06/MBH
fa6apBTHHe p88Mepl>I, 101M
AJIBRa .
mupUBa
BI>lOOTa
Macea, Kr ,
200
150
37,6
120
100
AOJI-21-4
0,27
1400
830
530
1880
167
250
150
200-220
37,6
120
100
AOJI-21-4
0,27
1400
830
530
1880
160
9,10,2, CTaHKH AnR HsrOTosneHHR Kpblnbes
paAHanbHblX WHH
B OTJlU1Jlle OT ,u;DarOHaJlbBIdX mUH 60pTa mDH, oco6eHBO rPYSOBIdX, C Mepll,u;HO-
HaJlbHLIK paCDOJlOmeHDeH BUTeB Rop,u;a B RapKace IICDI>ITIdBalOT SHa1JUTeJlbHO 60Jlb-
mDe pa,u;DaJlbHlde ,u;e4>oPM
DD. lloaToMY OBII ,u;eJlaIOTCJI HaMHOrO meCT1Je, 1JeM 60pTa
,u;uarOBaJlbBIdX mHU,
AJiR Toro, 1JT061d DpH,u;aTb 60PTY meCTKOCTb Rpl>lJlO ,u;JlR rPYSOBI>IX IIIBB TIDa P
DJlD PC ,u;eJlaeTCR C MaCCDBHIdH BaDOJlBUTeJlbBLIM mnypoH TpeyrOJlbBOrO ce1JeHUR
(ocBoBaHDe TpeyrOJlbHDKa 15 MM, BI>ICOTa 80 MM) D, KpOMe Toro, B 60pT BBO,u;HTCR
CDeI(HaJlbBaJl MeTaJlJlOKOPAHaR JleBTa, OAHaKO HaJlOmHTb ROBI(eHTpH1JBO MeTaJlJlO-
KOp,u;HYlO JleHTY Ha 60pT DOKpl>IWKK B Dpo
ecce ee C60PRII Ba 6apa6aBe 6ldBaeT
1JpeSBl>I1JaBBO CJlOmBO, n03TOMY ee SaMeBRlOT ,u;ODOJlHHTeJlbHLIM KpIdJlOM, KOTopoe
COCTOBT DS TOB: iRe MeTaJlJlOKop,u;HOB JleHTId, BO 06epHyroB «BOPOTHH1JKOM» BOKpyr
TOHKoro DpOBOJlO1JBOrO DJlD IISrOTOBJleHBOrO lIS HIITD MeTaJlJlOKop,u;a KOJlb
a, Dpe,u;-
BapDTeJlbBO HaMOTaHHoro Ha KOJlb
e,u;eJlaTeJlbHOM arperaTe.
OCHOBHoe KpldJlO ,u;JlR mDB THDOB P D PC C MaCCHBHIdM BaDOJlBDTeJl&HI>IM peSD-
HOBbIM muYPOM D ,u;ODOJlHDTeJlbBOe KpbIJlO HeBOSMomBO DsrOTOBHT& Ba ODDCaHBI>IX
BbIme Kpl>lJlbeBIdX CTaHKax ,u;JlR DORpbImeK ,u;lIarOBaJIbHOB ROBCTpyRl:(DD, nOaTOMY
A.'IR DSrOTOBJleHHR aTOX ,u;eTaJleB: DpDMeHRlOTCR CDeI(JIaJlbHlde CTaHKD CRcI>-5P.
HOiRe DpHBe,u;eHa TeXHD1JeCKaR xapaKTepDCTBKa CTaBKa CKcI>-5P ,u;JlR C60PKII
RpbIJibeB mBH THDa P:
OpOB3BOAlITeJIbHOCTL, mT 1'1
Pa3Mepl>l KOJlL
a, 14M
BBYTpeHBHit AB8MeTp , ,
mupUHa , , , , , , , , , . , ,
PaaMepl>l HaDOJIHHTeJIbHOrO maypa, MM
OCBOB8HUe , , , . , . . , , . , ,
BI>lOOTa ,.,.."""""",
CKOpOCTb npBRaTKB, ../C , , , , , , , , , , , ,
'IacToTa Bpa
eBHJI npRKaTO'lBLIX pOJIBKOB, 06/MBB
.naBJIeHUe B03Ayxa B DReBMOCHCTeMe, MOa
:3JIeKTpO
UraTeJIb
Tun, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
60
522-800
8-12
6-11
20-50
0.59
125
0.3-0,6
, AOJI2-21-4
303
KOJlbl:(O, TIpo aTOM OHa DpODYCKaeTCR 1Jepes pOJlOKD DUTaTeJlR MemAY HaDpaBJlR-
lOII\BMD
eKD 9 Depe,u; 4)BKCDPYlOII\BlIf pOJlDKOB 6, )J;aJlee aamaTlleM pyqKII DepBoro
DBeBMaTlI1JeCKOrO KJlaDaHa YDpaBJIeHDR 15 BKJllOqaeTCR DpDmBMHOB pOJlD 11,
B HamaTDeM HOmHOB: De,u;aJlII 1 CTaHOK DycKaeTcR B XO,U;, 3aTeM HamaTDeM pyRORTKD
BToporo DHeBMaTB1JeCKOrO KJlaDaHa YDpaBJleHBR K KOJlbI(Y DO,u;BO,u;RTCR ,u;YOJlDPY-
lO
De pOJlDKD D oDycKalOTcR BBDS pOJlDKD HaTRmHoro YCTpOB:CTBa, TIocJle DOJlHOrO
060poTa KpbIJia CTaHOK OCTaBaBJlDBaeTCR, CTIdK KpldJlbeBOB JleHTId CpaII\BBaeTCR
D rOTOBoe KOJlbI(O CHDMaeTCR co CTaBKa C)J;R-1,
TeXHlI1JeCKaJI xapaKTepDCTBKa CTaHRa ,u;JlR DSrOTOBJleHDR ,u;ODOJlBHTeJlbBOro.
Kpl>lJla pa)J;DaJlbHbIX mHH DpIIBO,u;DTCR Bllme:
npOU3BOAUTeJILBOCTb, mT/" .,."
.nBaMeTp AODOJIRUTeJIbBHX KpbIJI&eB, .101
IDupuBa MeTaJIJIOKOPABOi JIeBTH, MM
'IacTOTa Bpa
eBHJI, 06/MUB .",
.naBneBBe cmaTOro B03Ayxa, Mna
oJIeKTpoABHraTeJIb
THD . . , , . , , , , , ,
MO
HOCTb, KBT "..,
'!8CTOTa Bp
eB1IJl, o6/MJUI
ra6apuTBHe pa3MepH, MM
AnJIBa .
mupuRa
BbICOTa
Macca, Kr ,
30-40
485-600
60-120
34,4
0.4-0.6
AOJl-32-4
1
1410
1000
826
1550
400
3a py6eil\oM BIdDycKalOTcR CTaBKO ,u;JlR DSrOTOBJIeHDR MeTaJlJlOKop,u;HI>IX ,u;ODOJI-
HDTeJlbJW:X KpIdJl&eB DOKpl>lmeK TDDOB P D PC, Y KOTOpLIX SaBOpaqDBaHBe MeTaJlJIO-
KOp,u;HOB 60pTOBOB JleHTId BOKpyr KOJl&I(eBOrO cep,u;e1JHDKa (os DpOBOJIOKH IIJ1D MeTaJl-
JlOKOp,u;HOB: HDTD) DpOOSBO,u;DTCR DPD DOMO
D pesDHoDHeBMaTD1JeCKOB KaMepbI, 8TD
CTaHKD 60Jlee rpoMos)J;KD B saBDMalOT SBa1JDTeJlbBO 66J1bmylO DJlom,a,u;b, qelll OTe1Je-
CTBeBHLIe CTaBKD TDDa C)J;R-1.
)J;JlR CHDmeBDR TPy,u;OBIdX saTpaT DPD DpOBSBo,u;cTBe mHU TBDa P DpD D3rOTO-
BJleHDII pa,u;HaJl&HbIX DOKpldmeK pR,u;a TDDopasMepoB YCTaHoBKY ,u;ODOJlHBTeJl&aOro
Kpl>lJla saMeBRlOT 4)JlDDDDpOBaBDeM OCHOBHoro KpldJla, 3TO YBeJlD1JDBaeT n<eCTKOCTb
60pTa DOKpldmKD B TaKoB me cTeDeHII, KaK D YCTaBoBKa ,u;ODOJlBDTeJlbHOrO KpldJla,
,D;JlR 4)JlDDDBpOBaHDR OCHOBHIdX KpbIJlbeB DpBMeHRlOT CTaBKD CR$-5P II C)J;R-1.
CTaHKD CR
5P 60Jlee DpODsBo,u;DTeJlbHId, 1JeM CTaBKD C)J;R-1.
9,11. ArPErAT AMI C60PKH C'bEMHblX
npOTEKTOPHblX KOnE
WHH THnA PC
C'beMHlde DpOTeKTopHlde KOJlbI(a RBJlRlOTCR CJlOmBLlMD Ds,u;eJlBRMD, B DpDHI(JIDe
3T0 KOJlbI(O coe,u;HUReT B ce6e CBYJlKaHDSOBaHHlde B MOHOJlBTBYlO CDCTeMY 6peKep
II 6erOBOB: DpoTeKTOpBIdB: CJlOB:, TI03TOMY KOJlbI(O apMDPYeTCR DO Doca,u;01JBOB qaCTD
MeTaJlJlOKop,u;OM, KOTOpldH aaBDBaeTCR DS o,u;BOH HDTD C ODpe,u;eJleHBIdM marOM
B O,u;HU DJlD BeCKOJlbKO CJlOeB, 3arOTOBKH C'beMBIdX DpoTeKTopHIdX KOJleI( c06DpalOT
Ba CDe
DaJlbHIdX arperaTax,
ArperaT ,u;JlR C60PKD C'beMaIdX DpoTeKTOpHI>IX KOJleI( (pDC, 9,26) BKJllOqaeT
paSMOTOqHo-HaTRmHoe YCTpOB:CTBO 1, YCTpOB:CTBO ,u;JlR HarpeBa MeTaJlJlOKop,u;a 2,
qepBa1JHYlO MamBHy 3 C DDTaTeJleM 5,u;JlR CldpOB peSDHId 11 mKa4)oM ,u;JlR ee Do,u;orpeBa
4 D ,u;Ba C60P01JBIdX CTaBKa 10, Ha aTOM arperaTe MomBO O)J;HOBpeMeHBO C06BpaT&
,u;Ba DpOTeKTopBIdX KOJlb
a,
ArperaT pa60TaeT CJle,u;YlO
DM 06paSOM, Co mDYJlb, yCTaHOBJleHJW:x Ba paSMO-
TOqHO-HaTRmHOllf YCTpoBcTBe 1 B oDpaBKax C TOpMOSHIdMD ,u;DCKaMD, ,u;Be MeTaJlJlO-
Kop,u;Blde HDTO 7 HaDpaBJlRlOTCR DapoB pOJlBKOB Ha pOJlDKD HarpeBaTeJlbHOrO
YCTpOB:CTBa 2, POJlDKD BarpeBaTeJlbHOrO YCTpoBcTBa DpII DOMO
II II\eTOK BKJllOQeBbI
20 381<83 163 305
B CHJlOByro (BTOpIl1JByro) 06MOTRY CBap01JBOrO Tpauc4)opMaTOpa. BJlarO,u;apR 3TOMY
1JepeS HeTaJlJlOROp,u;HbIe BHTH Ha 3TOM yqacTRe npoxo,u;BT CHJlbHIdB: 3J1eRTpH1JeCRHi
'lOK, ROTOpldi BarpeBaeT HX. C BarpeBaTeJlbHOrO YCTpoBCTBa DDTH MeTaJlJlOKOp,u;a
DPOXOART 1JepeS rOJlOBRY 1JepBJI'DIOB MamDHId 3, r,u;e ODD 06pesDHHBa1OTcR. llmane
1JepBJl1JBOB: MallIJlBLl 3 DpOHSBOABTCR neBToi Do,u;orpeToB: peSHBOBOB: CMeCB, paSMa-
TLlBaeMOB: C 606HHI>I 6 DHTaTeJlJl 5 DapoB BaJIROB, ROToplde DpHBOARTCR BO Bp
eHHe
OT 3J1eKTpo,u;BHraTeJlR. )J;aJlee JleBTa pesHBoBoH CMeCH DpOXO,u;HT 1Jepes mRa4) 4,
r,u;e 060rpeBaeTcR DH4)paKpaCHbIMH JlyqaHH OT Tpy61JaTI>IX 3J1eRTpOHarpeBaTeJleB:.
06peSDHeBBlde nTH MeTaJlJlORop,u;a DOCJle 1JepBJI1JBOB: MamBBId DOCTYDalOT HIl
Wa6J10HId 9 DepBoro II BTOpOro c60po1JBHX CTaBKOB. llepe,u; BaHOTROB: MeTaJlJlOltop,u;a
Ha ma6J10BId 9 C60P01JBIdX CTaHROB B COOTBeTCTBHB co CDeI(H4)BKa
HeB: C'beMHOrO
DpOTeKTopHoro ROJlb
a HaRJl8Al.IBaeTCR B coe,u;HBReTCJI BCTIdR CJloi JlHCTOBOD: pe-
311HbI, a YiI<e Ha Hee BaKJl8Al.IBaeTCR MeTaJlJlOROp,u;. HUTb MeTaJlJlORop,u;a BaMaTLI-
BaeTCJI Ha ma6J10H co CTporo ODpe,u;eJleHBIdH marOM.
MeTaJlJlOKop,u; YKJl8Al.IBaeTCR aBTOMaTlI1JeCRH. llocJle 3Toro BIdDOJlHRIOTCR CJle-
YIOm.ue ODepa
BD: 38AeJlIdBaBHe BaHOTaHHoro MeTaJlJlORop,u;a CJlOeM JlHCTOBOH
peSBHId, BaJlOmeHBe 6eroBoro peSDHOBoro CJlOR H DpHKaTKa DpOKaT01JHIdMH POJlH-
KaMB. )J;JlJI CHRTOR c06paBBoi sarOTOBKB DpOTeKTopBoro ROJlb
a C ma6J10Ha Y DO-
CJle,u;Hero BMeeTCJI OTRH,u;HOH ceRTop, ROTOpl>Iii y6HpaeTCR BHyTPb ma6J1oaa.
llOJlytleaHlde sarOTOBRH OTDpaBJlRlOTCR Ba BYJlKauBsa
olO.
r JlASA 10
060PY AOBAHHE Anfl C60PKH nOKPblWEK
RHEBMATHYECKHXWHH
C60pKa DOKpldweK DBeBMamqeCKHX mHH - cJlomaldD: Dpo ecc, Dp TaBJlR-
IOII\OD: co6oi KOMDJleKC paSJlHqHbIX ODepaI(Hi. HaDpOMep, DPH c60pKe rpysoBoi
3BTOM06HJlbHOi DOKpldWKO paSMepa 260-508 DPOXOAOTCR BIdDOJlHRTI> OT 35 AO
50 oDepaI(Hi. BOJlbWOe pasHo06pasoe DHeBMaTlI1JeCKOX mHB DO KOHCTPyR OH H pas-
MepaM DpOBeJIO K cosAaaolO 60JlLmOrO DapKa paSJlDqHOrO o60PYAOBaHDJI AJIR HX
C60pKH. ROHCTPYKI(HR C60pOqHOrO o60PYAoBaHHR saBHCOT OT CDoco6oB H MeTOAOB
60pRO DOKpldmeK. B saBOCOMOCTH OT ra6apOTHldX paSMepOB H KOHCTpYK HII DOKpld-
meR DHeBMaTOqeCKOX mHH DpHMeHRIOTCR paSJlHqHl>le CDoco61d H MeToAId HX
C60pKH.
CDOCOOW c60pRB. npHMeBJllOTCR cJleAYIO oe CDOco61d C60pKO DOKpLlIIleK:
Ba 6apa6aHax (DJlOCKHX, DOJlyDJlOCKHX, DOJlYAOPHOBIdX, paSmHMHIdX) H aJiacTII1J-
HIdX AHa4)parMax.
C 6 0 P K aDO K p Id m e K H a 6 a p a 6 a H a X. CldpaR DOKpldmKa Aoaro-
BaJlbHOD: KOHCTpyRI(JIH, co6paHHaR H& 6apa6aHe, BMeeT HJlHBAPOqecKYIO 4)oPMY.
noaToMY AJIR DpH,IJ;aBHR Topoo6pasHoii: 4PoPMId CIdPYIO DOKpldmKY DepeA -»YJlKaHO-
3a oei DpHXOAHTCR Do,u;BepraTb AODoJlHoTeJlbHoi ODepaI(JIO - 4)opMoBaHolO. He-
CMOTpfl Ha aTo, ,u;aHHldi cDoco6 C60PKH DOKpldweK B paSJlH1JBIdX MOAo4)oKaI(oRX
HameJI wopoKoe DpoMeHeHHe Ha cOBpeMeHHldx WHHHIdX saBo,u;ax.
PaSJlDqalOT DJlOCKOe, DOJlYDJlOCKHe 0 DOJlYAopHoBlde C60pOqHlde 6apa6aHId;
YCTPOHCTBO HX ODHcaHO Home.
Me-rOAW COOpRB. PaSJIOqalOT TpO OCHOBHIdX MeTOAa C60pKO DOKpLlIIleK DHeBMa-
TlI1JeCKOX mHH: 6paCJleTHIdB, DOCJlOB:HbIB: B KOM6HHHpOBaHHIdB:.
RpoMe aTOX MeTOAOB B DOCJleAHOe rOAId DORBHJlCR TaK HaSI>IBaeMIdB: MeTO,u;
C60PKH lIS ymopeHHldx CJlOeB KOPAa.
. B pac JI e T H Id i MeT 0 A. no aTOMY MeTOAY co60palOT MHOrOqOCJIeHalde
nOKpldmKB C ABYMR H 60Jlee 60PTOBidMO KOJlbI(aMH Ha DOJlYAOPHOBIdX 6apa6aHax.
no C JI 0 B: H Id B: MeT 0 A. npH aTOM MeTOAe Bce CJlOO 06peSHHeHHoro KOPAa,
()6paSYIOII\He KapKac DOKpldmKO, aaKJlaAldBalOT Ha 6apa6aH DOOqepeAHO B S8AaHHOB
DOCJIe,u;OBaTeJlbHOCTH co CDeI(OaJlbHOrO DOTaTeJlR.
nocJloB:aldi 0 6paCJleTHidB MeTOAId C60pKO DO DpOHSBOAHTeJlbHOCTH paBHO-
1\eHald.
ROM 6 0 H H P 0 B a H Hid B: MeT 0 A C60PKH DOKpldweK SaKJllOqaeTCR.
B TOM, qTO DepBlde CJlOO KOPAa B Bo,u;e 6paCJleTOB H8AeBaIOT Ha CJlOmeHHIdB: 6apa6aH,
a DOCJleA}'lO oe CJlOH KapKaca 0 6peKepa B BRAe OTAeJlLHIdX DOJlOC HaKJlaAIdBalOT
ua 6apa6aH, KaK DPH DOCJlOHHOM MeTOAe.
MeT 0 A C 6 0 P K H H S Y m H p e H H Id X D 0 JI 0 C K 0 P A a. npH aTOM
MeTOAe C60pKO DOKpl>lmeK Ha 6apa6aH HaKJlaAldBalOT wopOKoe DOJlOCId 06peSOHeH-
Boro ROPAa, KpaR KOTOpldX oTro6alOT (saBOpaqHBaIOT) qepes 60pTOBide KOJlLI(a na
cepe,!(BBy (KOPOBY) 6apa6aBa.BHaqaJle aTOM MeTOAOM DpOOSBOAOJlO BeJlODOKpldmKO,
80 BOCJle DORBJleHHR BIdCOKODpOqHOro KOPAa ero HaqaJlO DpOMeHRTb DPH c60pKe
MOTonOKpldmeK, ABYXCJlOB:HIdX JlerKOBIdX DOKpldweK 0 HeKOTopldX DOKpldmeK AJIR
rpYSOBLIX H CeJlbCKOXOSRB:CTBeHHIdX mHH.
309
Ram,lU>li BS paCCMOTpeUUIdX MeTOAoB C60PKB DOKpbIWeK BMeeT CBOB Dl'eBMym.e-
CTBa B ueAOCTaTKB. OAHaKO yqBTbIBaR Bce BospaCTalOII\Be Tpe60BaUBR K KaqeCTBY
DOKpmueK B ue06xOABMOCTb COSAaUBR DpeI(JI3BOUUOro BbICOKOMexaUBSUpOBaHUOro.
Dpo
ecca BX C60PKB, Momuo CAeJlaTb BbIBOA, qTO uaB60Jlee DepCDeKTBBHNM RB-
JlReTCR DOCJloiUbIi HeTOA.
10.1. C60POLfHblE 6APA6AHbI
RaK yme OTMeqaJlOCb BbIme, AJIR C60PKB DOKpbImeK DUeBHaT1I'IeCKUX mBU DPB-
HeURlOTCR DJlOCKUe, DOJlynJlOCKBe B DOJlYAopuoBbIe 6apa6aHbI. Hume DpOBOABTCR
ODBcaUBe YCTpoicTBa 8TBX 6apa6auOB.
10.1.1. nnoCKHe 6apa6aHbI
HaB60Jlee DpOCTbIH RBJlReTCR CDoc06 C60PKB DOKpldmeK ua DJlOCRBX 6apa6a-
uax. 3TB 6apa6aHbI 6bIBalOT CKJlaAldBalOII\J1eCR B ueCI<JlaAIdBaIOm.ueCR. Ha TaRHX
6apa6auax DO DpuqDHe, OTMeqeHHOi HHme (CH. paSAeJl 10.1.3), Momuo c06upaTb
DOKpldmKB TOJlbKO C OAUUM KOJlb
OH B 60PTe.
B UaCTORII\ee BpeHR DJlOCKBe C60pOqHbIe Qapa6aubI DpDMeURlOTCJI ueKOTopldMH
aapy6emuLIMB 4)BpMaMD DPB BSrOTOBJleUBD BeJlOCBDeAUbIX, MOTO
BKJleTHLIX, Jlerno-
BbIX aBTOM06BJIbUbIX DOKpbImeK B DOKpbImeR us MeTaJlJlOKOPAa, T. e. TaRBX, KOTO-
pbIe BMelOT Be60JlbmOe qBCJ10 CJlOeB B KapKace.
B CBRSB C TeM qTO DPOqUOCTb ROPAa Bce BOSpaCTaeT, CHHmaeTCR CJloiuOCTI:.
KapKaCOB. n08TOMY cnoc06 C60PKU DORpmueK ua DJlOCKBX 6apa6auax 6J1aroAapn
ero DpOCTOTe MomeT DOJIyqBTb B 6YAyID.eH mBpOKoe DpBMeBeHHe.
10.1.2. nonynnocKHe 6apa6aHbI
IIoJlYDJlocRBi 6apa6au OTJluqaeTCR OT DJlOCROrO TeM, qTO TOp
eBaJl ero qaCTI>
BMeeT nJleqJIRB, ua KOTOpldX 4)JIRCBPYeTCR KpldJlO B ocym.eCTBJlReTCR SaAeJiKa 60p-
TO BOD: qaCTB DOKpbImRB.
Ha ueMexaUBSBpOBaHHLIX C60POqUbIX CTaHRaX, rAe S8AeJIRa 60pTOB DOKpbI1.IIKB
DpOBSBOABTCR BpyqByIO, DJleqBRB 6apa6auOB BMelOT B Dpo4)BJle ROSldpbRB; 8TBai
AOCTBraeTCR YA06CTBO BbIDOJlUeUBR pyqBL1X ODepa
.
HapymuldR ABaMeTp DOJlynJlOCKOrO c60poquoro 6apa6aua 60Jlbme BUyTpeuuero
AHaMeTpa 60pTOBoro ROJIb
a. Pa3UOCTb HemAY uapymuldH ABaMeTpOM 6apa6aua
B BUyTpeuuBM ABaMeTpOM RpHJla DOKpbImKB, AeJleuuylO DODOJlaM, Ua3ldBalOT BbICO-
TOR ROpOUbI 6apa6aua.
Co6paBBaR Ba DOJlynJlOCKOM 6apa6aue cldpaR DOKpHmKa BMeeT 4PoPMY
B-
JlHHApa, KpaR KOToporo MeUbme DO ABaMeTPY, qeM CpeAHRR qacTI>. )J;JlR Toro qT061d
c06pauuYIO DOKpmuKy MOmHO 61>1J10 CURTb C 6apa6aua, Be06xOABMO DpeA}'cMo-
TPeTb BOSMomUOCTb YMeubmeuBR AJlHHId ero oKpymuocTB. B SaBBCBMOCTB OT cnoco6a
YMeubmeHHR AJlDHId oRpymuocTB DOJlynJlOCKBe 6apa6auld DOApaSAeJlRlOT sa CKJla-
AldBalOlI(BeCR B YMeUbmalOlI(BeCR DO ABaMeTpy.
CKJl8Al.IBalOm.uecR DOJlynJlOCKUe 6apa6auld (pBC. 10.1) COCTORT B3 qeTldpeX BJiB
mecTu cemeUTOB 11 II 13 B MexaHHSMa AJIR CRJl8ALIBaBBR B paSBepTI>IBaHHR
6apa6aua. CerMeBTId Donapuo CBRsaUId MemAY c060ii ua mapuBpax.
CKJlaAldBaBUe U paSBepTI>IBaBBe 6apa6aua ua C60POqUOM CTaUKe ocym.e-
CTBJlRIOTCR 8BTOMaT1I'IeCKB, DOA AeiicTBBeM
euTp06emuldx CBJI. BRJIIOqeuuldi TOpM03
(DpB Bpa
aIO
eMcR no Huep
6apa6aHe) MrUOBeuuo oCTauaBJIDBaeT pldqamuylO
My4)Ty 9. npB aTOM
eBTp06emHbIe CBJlId, BosHBKalO
Be DPB Bpa
eun DO BHep-
I(BB 6apa6aua, DpeOAOJleBaR CODpOTBBJlene 4)uKcaTopoB 8, DOBOpa1JBBaIOT CTYDBI(Y
7 B cerMeUTId 11 U 13, CBRsaUUlde cueD: qepes pl.I1JarB 14 U 15, OTBOCBTeJlbUO pLlqam-
UOD: My4)T1d ua aeKOTOpl>lR yroJl B 8THM BlduymAalOT 6apa6as CJlOmBTbCR. )J;JIR pasBep-
310
"l'HBaBBJI 6apa6aua BLlRJII01JaIOT TO pMOS B BRJlI01JaIOT CTaBOR. I.(eBTp06eHCSye CB:m.I
3aCt'aBJIIlIOT 6apa6as paSBepBYTbCII II npllBJlTb
JIJlllAPH1JecRYIO
PHY.
He,nOCTaTROM 1JeTbIpeXCerMeBTSHX c60p01JJlblX 6apa6asOB IIBJIlleTCII TO, '1TO
nOCJIe CRJIa,nHBaullll OBII npH06peTalOT 9J1HnCOBIfABYIO tlJopMy, ROTOpall se nOSBo-
JIlleT CSRTb C 6apa6aBa C06paSBYIO nORphUURY 6ea BeROTOpOB: ,netIJopMa
1IH ee 60p-
TOBOi 1JaCTS. B CBllall C 9TIIM B nOCJIeABlle ro.ltH DpOIlSBO
IITCII mecTJlCelCTOpSHe
6apa6amI. OABaKO 1JeThIpeXCerMeSTBLle 6apa6aSH ,nO CIIX nop IDHpOKO nplDle-
fIlllOTCII B mHBBOU npOMHmJIeHBOCTH, TaR RaR OHII OTJIH1JaIOTCII npOCTOTOB: KOB-
CTPYR
II, YBHBepCaJIbHOCTblO, Ba,nemBOCTblO, 6L1CTpo,neiicTBlleM B pa60Te.
2 3 45 11 12 1J
<::::\
/4
15
5
PRC. 10.1. DOJlYlUIocKB B ClUlaALlBalOmaBCJI lIempeXC8rweBTBHi c6opo'IBLIii 6apa6an:
a - pa8pe8 Clapa6aBa; 6 - ClapaClaa B paClo'leM DMOme1Dlll;
1 - coeAII1IIft'eaTaJI MY4n'a; S, 6 - neBaR u npaBaJI CIoproBY8 R8M8.ltKB (mre'IBRR); 8 - OCROBIIJDIC cer..earoB;
4 - Bap1Jl(BAR R8M8AKa; 6 - 110m; ., - CTyIIBtta; 8 - \!IBKO&'1'OP; II - ploI'IalKllaJIlf14n'a; 10 -- IIMOPTllBarop;
11,18 - ceJ'IIeJI'I'IoI; 11 - BRRT; 14, 16 - plol'laru.
o
8
OnHcaSlle
leHbmalOIQHXCII no AHaMeTPY nOJIynJlOCRIIX 6apa6aBOB npllBO}l;HTCII
HHme npll OnllCaBHII COOTBeTCTBYIOIQIIX c60p01JHHX CTaHROB.
10.1.3. nonYAopHoBbie 6apa6aHbI
B nORpbIDIKax, c06paHBhIx sa nOJIynJIOCKHX 6apa6aBax, B npo
ecce IIX tlJop-
MOBaHHH, T. e. npll,naBHH 11M Topo06pa3HOB: tlJOPMH, BeH36eHCeB nOBopOT CJIOeB
Rop,na BOKpyr npOBOJI01JSOro 60pTOBoro KOJIb
a.
;I1.JIII MHOrOcJIoiiBHX nOnpLImeK C HeCKOJIbKHMII (,nBYMII II 60JIee) KpLlJIbllMH
D 60pTe KaRlle-JI1I60 CMeIQeBHII 60pTOBLlX ,neTaJIeB npll tlJopMoBaHlI1I se,nonYCTHl\ILI,
TaK RaK 8TO HBJIlleTCII nps1JIIHoii B03HHKHOBeHHII cepbe3HLlX ,netlJeRToB B rOTOBOM
H3,neJIHII. IIOSTOMY npll c60pKe no,n06HhIX nOKpLlmeK 60pTaM cpa3Y npHAalOT TaKYIO
4>OPMY, KaKYIO OBII lIMelOT B BYJIKaHH30BaBHOB: nOKpLlmKe. BOT n01JeMY tlJopMa
nJIe1JHKOB Y 6apa6asOB ,nJIII MBOrOcJIoiiBLlX nOKpLlmeK C ,nBYMH II 66JIbmllM qHCJIOM
RphIJILeB no cBoeMY OqepTaHHIO 6JIB8Ka K tlJopMe 60pTa Y rOToBoB nOKpLlmKII.
B mllHBou npOMI>IIJIJIeHHOCTH npHMeHHIOTclI nOJIy,nopBoBLle C60p01JHhIe 6apa-
{)aBhI BeCKOJIbKHX THnOB. HaH60JIbmee pacnpocTpaBeBHe nOJIyqHJIH CKJIaAhIBa-
IOIQlleCII 1JempeXCerMeBTHLle 6apa6aHLI, KOBCTPYK
HH KOTOpLlX B npHH
ne MaJIO
OTJIH1JaeTCII OT OnHCaHBhIX Bl>IIJIe 1JeTLlpeXCerMeHTHLlx nOJIynJIOCKHX 6apa6aHOB.
O,nBaKO TaKall KOBCTPYKInIH nplleMJIeMa TOJIbKO ,nJIII 6apa6aHOB, Y KOTOpLlX OTBO-
meBHe BapymBoro Jl,lIaMeTpa K BBYTpeHBeMY ,nllaMeTPY KpHJIa nOKpHmKII Be
311
npeBLlmaeT 1,3 llJIH, 1JTO O,nBO H TO me, OTBomeHlle BBemBero ,nllaMeTpa no KOPOB&
K BHYTpeBBeMY AHaMeTpy no 60pTOBoii 1JaCTH 6apa6aHa He npeBLlmaeT 1,45. ECJIII
8TH OTBOmeBIIII 60Jlbme, TO CBIITb c06paBHYIO nOKpLlmKY CO CJIOmeBHOro 1JeTHpeX-
cerMeBTBoro 6apa6aHa BeJIb3H.
;I1.JIII C60PKII nOKpLlmeK C nOBLImeBBOB: KOpOHOii, HanpHMep nOKpLImeK pa3Mepa
14,00-20 II 60JIbme, Ha OTeqeCTBeBHLlX mHBHLlX 3aBo,nax npllMeBlllOTCII CKJIa,nLIBa-
IOIQHeCH 1JeThIpeXcerMeHTBLle 6apa6aHLI co C'beMBLlMII 60pTOBbiMII BaRJI8)\KaMB
J " 5 B 7
I
o
9
"
6
Poc. 10.2. DM}'AOpBOBLIii mecTBcerMesTllLlit CKJJaALlBaJOmniiCJI.6apa6aB co C'l>eMBmfB DJle'DI-
KaMJI:
II - paape8 ClapaClaHa; 6 - ClapaGaR B CJI0meRHOM BllJle;
1 - C1'}'IDJ1{a; ! -
MBoe DJle'IBKO; 8 - CIoPTOBaJl R8Rn8.ltKa; 4 - OCHOBaRHe ceI'lleBTa; 6 - RapymRall
R8RJI8.ltKa; 6 - OCI> mapnupa; '1 - pH'lar; 8 - coe.Qmurrem.RaII MYcjlTa; 9 - cerMeRTW; 10 - lI)I}')f(IIRa.
(nJIe1JlIRaMII) llJIH pa360pHO-CKJIa,nLlBaIOIQHeCII 6apa6aHLI C meCTblO llJIJI BoceMblO
cerMeBTaMH, Y KOTOpLlX C'beMHHMH IIBJIIlIOTCII Be TOJIbKO nJIe1JIIRII, BO II OT,neJIbHLle
CerMeBTLI (pIIC. 10.2). IIepe,n CKJIa,nHBaHlleM TaKoro 6apa6aBa nOCJIe CBHTHII nJIe1JII-
ROB BLlBHMalOT ,nBa pa360pBLlX cerMeBTa (Ba pllcyaKe He nOKa3aHLI).):\aJIee npo
eec
CKJIa,nLIBaBIIII HJIII pa3BePTLlBaBHII 6apa6aBa OCYIQeCTBJIlleTCII aBTOMaTHqeCKII, TaR
me KaK II Y CKJIa,nLlB8IOIQIIXCII 1JempeXCerMeBTBLlX 6apa6aBOB
eBTp06emBoro
AeiicTBIIII, ODIIcaBlle KOTOpHX npHBe,neBo BLlme.
):\JIII C60PKII nOKpHmeK npellMyIQeCTBeHBO Cne
HaJIbHOrO Ba3Ba1JeBIIII, Kor,na
HCnOJIb3yIOTcII 6apa6aBH CO CBepXBLlCOKOii KOpOHOii, a OTBOmeH1le BapymHoro AHa-
MeTpa 6apa6aHOB K BHYTpeBHeMY ,nHaMeTpy 60pTOBLlX KpLlJIbeB npeBLlmaeT 1,45,
Ba 8apy6emBhIx mHHBLlX 3aBo,nax npHMeHHIOTCII CKJIa,nhIBalOlItlleCII pa3ABHmBLle
nOJIy,nopHoBHe 6apa6aBLI.
10.1.4. XapaKTepHcTHKa OTe
eCTBeHHbIX C60P0'4HbIX
6apa6aHoB
B OTe1JeCTBeBHoii mllBHoii npOMldmJIeBBOCTII H3-3a npOCTOTLI KOHCTPYK
npllMeBHIOTCH npeHMYJI(eCTBeHHO 1JeTLlpeXCerMeHTHhIe nOJIynJIOCKHe II nOJIy,nopBOBHe
CKJIa,nLlBaIOIQlleCH 6apa6aHLI. B 3aBHCIIMOCTH OT BLICOTLI KOpOBLI Y c06HpaeMLlX
312
Ta6ltUifa 10.1. OCRoBRwe DapaMeTpW R pasMepw (B MM) DOJl)'IIJIOCKBX cKn
WBaIO
DXCJI
.fiapa6aaoB K CTaBKaM An,. C60pKB DOKpblweK (o6oaBa'leBBJI- CM. pRC. 10.1)
OOHOBHye uapaMeTpy I PasMepy CTYUBJ:U>I
¥CnOBHye 0150- PaaMepy col5BpaeMhlx nepDMeTp
B CnOIReH-
SHa'leBHII l5apa- UOKPWIDeK HOro l5a-
6aaOB D I d I pal5aHa.
He l50nee
MBH. MaKC.
270-1
260-340
4.50-9
270
260
340 I 50 I 240
685
290-1 4,00-10;
24O-34i) 5.00-10; 290 240 340 50 240 740
160-254
5.00-13;
360-1 5.20-13; 360 260 360 50 240 915
260:300 5.90-13;
6.00-13
440-1 2.50-16;
140-220 3.25-16; 440 140 220 50 240 1130
3.50-16
I
440-1 I 5.00-16 220 I 280 I I I
22Q:28O
440-1 I 5.60-16; 290 I 370 I 50 I 240 I 1120
200=370 6,40-15
6.70-15; 440
440-1 7.00-15;
380-500 7,10-15; 380 500
8,20-15;
8.40-15
440-1 I 8.90-15 500 I 600 I I I
wo:ooo
460-1 I 4.00-16; 220 I 280
220-280 5.00-16
460 50 240 1170
460-1 5.50-16;
300-410 6.00-16; 300 410
6.50-16
470-1 4.00-17 470 200 300 50 240 1230
200-300
475-1 7.50-16; 475 380 460 50 240 1200
380-460 200-16
490-1 3;60-18 490 140 230 50 240 I' 1250
510-1 2.25-19; 510 110 160 50 240 I 1325
TI<f.16O 2.50-19
313
OCROBBwe DapaMeTpH Pa3MepW CTJDBJUI
}'OnOBBHe oGo- PII8MepW colhrpaeIIHX 1-.-1-- !fepJlMe11>
8RalleBBJI liapa- DORpWUleK eao»teJl-
IiDOB BOro lia.
. II I pafiaua,
Be (ioaee
510-1 I 3,25-19 I I I
150-220 150 220 50 240 1325
510
510-1 I 3,75-19 I I I
220-300 220 300
5751 I 6.50-20
290-420 290 420
575-1 I 575 50 240 1550
7,50; 200-20;
420-500 210-508 420 500
OpOa9A:JIC."U. .1l6A. 10.1.
565-1
140=200
575.1
290=420
575-1
420-500
785.1
480:600
885-1
3QO:46O
1040-1
500=720
1090-1
1135-1
380:480
565.1
140-200
2.75-21; 565
3,00-21
6,50-20;
575
7.50; 200-20;
210-508
10-28 785
8-32; 885
1250-200
11-38; 1040
12-38
8,25-40 1090
9-42 1135
2,75-21; 565
3,00-21
785-1 10-28 785
480-600
885-1 18-32; 1250-200
300-460 885
1040-1 11-38;
560-720 12-38 1040
1090-1 8.25-40 1090
350-420
1135-1 9-42 1135
380-48 0
314
140 200
290 420
420 500
480 600
300 460
560 720
350 420
380 480
140 200
I
I
I
I
t
1 50 1 240
1 50 1 240
I I
1 70 I 250
1 70 1 250
I 70 I 250
I 70 I 250
I 70 I 250
150 1 240
I 1470
1 1550
I
I 2020
I 2400
1 2610
I 2740
I 2832
1 1470
480 600 70 250 I 2020
300 460 70 250 I. 2400
560 720 70 250 I 2610
350 420 70 250 I 2740
380 480 70 250 I 2832
Tao/tulfa 10.2. OcuoBBble DapaJlfeTpw: H pasMepbl (B IIIJI) DonYAopuoBbiX cKJlaAblB8IO
BXcli
4»apa6aaoB K CTaUKaM AJlII c60pu DOJcphlmeK (06oSUa'leBBII-cM. pRC. 10.2)
QcROBlfWe uapaMeTpW paSMepw II:
.,
CTyIDlQW :E .
01
}'CJIOBlfWe B a
.o603RaQeBBR Pasarepw co6HpaeMWX DORpblmell t
Q)
Cia pa 6a ROB Iii
D MSR.I MaRC. :s
01
d I
ec =
Q,
O.. 01
== !XI
520-TIA 8,25-15; 8,40-15 520 380 470 50 250 1170 A
380-470
540-nA I 9,00-16; 230-16 1 540 450 I 560 1 70 1 250 I 1225 1 A
450-560
550-IIB
380-500
9,00-15
I 550 I 380 1 500 I 70 I 250 I 1100 I B
660- nB 950 X 420-406; 980 X 390-406 600 560 740 70 250 1210 B
560-740
605-IIB I 12-16; 310-406 I 605 I 480 I 580 I 70 I 250 1 1220 B
480-580
64O-nA I 10.00-18 450 I 560 1 70 1 250 1 1420 A
450-560
640-nA I 640 1 I I 1 1
560-680 11,00-18; 12,00-18 560 680
660-nA 7,50-20; 210-20; 200-508; 320 480 70 250 I
I A
320-480 8,25-20; 9-20; 8-20;
200-508P; 240-508P
660
660-nA 240-508P; 260-20; 260-508; 450 580
450-580 200-508P; 270-508; 270-508P
675-IIA 10.00-20; 11.00-20; 280-508P 1 675 1 440 I 600 I 70 250 1 1565 1 A
440-600
680-nB 1 13.00-18 680 I 620 I 800 I 70 I 250 1 1390 , B
620-800
710-nA I 280-508P; 300-508P 400 1 520
400-520
710-nA 12,00-20; 300-508; 710 520 690 70 250 1560 A
520-690 320-508; 32O-508P
725-IIB 1000-600 '
I
760 '0 I
1490 B
5GO-760
315
Op080A:1IteHUe ma6A. 10.2
OCROBlDle DapaareTPW PaaMepl>1 .Is
CTYDIIIUI
¥c;nOBBWe
51:1oG>
"'..
o(I03Ra'JeRBII paaJlepw co(lKPaeJll>1x DOICpl>1meIC
Qr::
liapaGaRoB D G>2 8 Iii
1°" '"
II . 1:10111 111 :II
1:10
..G> . '"
t:ld III
765-nB-1 14,00-20
600-750
765 600 750 70 250 1530 B
765-llB-2 I 15-20
6()()' 750
780-llB 15.00-20 780 660 850 70
660-850
80s-nA 15-24 805 630 780 70
630-780
810-nA 1140-600; 1140-700 810 670 820 70
670-820
870-llB 16.00-20 870 750 900 70
750-900
250 11540 I B
250 11820 1 A
250 11730 I A
250 11540 I B
970-nB-1 I 16,00-24
710-850
970 710 850 100 320 1870 B
970-nB-2 I 15-30
710-850
900-llB 18,00-24; 1500x600-635; 990 800 1100 100 320 1795 B
800-1100 18,00-25
114S-llB
710-1000
1000-nB I
900-1150
I
I
23,1118-26
1 1000 I
/1060 I
1 1145
900 I 1150 1 100 320 1 1960 I B
710 11100 1100 320 12150 I B
710 11000 \ 100 I 320 1 2420 I B
i06O-llB
710-1100
18,00-28; 21.00-28
17.00-32; 18,00-32
nOKpLImeK nOJIy,nopHoBhIe 6apa6aHH ,nJIII MaCCOBoro accopTHMeBTa nOKpblmeR
BLlnycRalOTclI C BeC'beMBLlMH (HcnOJIHeHHe nepBoe) II co C'beMHbIJ.1H (lIcnOJIHeBlle
BTopoe) 60PTOBhIMII BaKJIa,nKaMH.
Ha 6apa6aHH, npHMeHHeMLIe B OTe1JeCTBeHHOii mHHBOB: npOMbImJIeBBOCTH AJIH
C60PKH nOKpLlmeK aBTOM06HJIbHLlX mllB, C 1 lIHBapH 1968 r. BBe,neBLJ BOpM8JJII,
B KOTOphIX OTpameBLI OCBOBHHe napaMeTpH.
B Ta6JI. 10.1 H 10.2 npHBe,neHLI OCHOBBbIe napaMeTpLl II paSMepbI nOJIynJIOCKHX
H nOJIy,nopHOBhIX 6apa6aHoB R CTaBKaM ,nJIH C60PKH nOKpLImeR.
316
10.2. MEXAHH3HPOBAHHblE CKAnKH
IIpll c60pKe nOKphUUeR 6paCJIeTHLlM MeTo,noM ,nJIII Ba,neBaBIIH 6pacJIeTa Ha
C60P01JBhIB 6apa6aH nOJIb3YIOTCII MexaHH3HpOBaBBoii CKaJIKOB: CIICTeMLI MumaRoBa,
mllpoRo npllMeBlleMOB: Ba OTe1JeCTBeHHLlX mHHHldX aaBo,nax.
MexaH1I311pOB8.BHall CKaJIKa (pIlC. 10.3) yl<penJIeHa Ba BepXHeB: 1JaCTII CTaHHBLI
12 C60p01JBOrO CTaHKa. MexaBH3M CKaJIKH COCTOHT 113 DHeBMO
JIIIB,npa 7, 3aKpen-
JIeHHorO B cepbre 8 RpoBmTeBHa 9, mTOKa 13, coe,nllBeBBoro C rOJIOBROB: 15. B 9TOi:
rOJIOBKe Ba OCII 18 aaRpenJIeB Ropnyc 17, B KOTOpOM ROBCOJIbBO Ha mapllKOnOAJIIlln-
BIIKax YRpenJIeHa CB060AHo BpaIQ8.IOIQallCH CKaJIKa 19. Ha BepXBeM KOH
e OCH 18
meCTKO YKpenJIeB 3y61JaTLIii ceRTop 16, coe,nHBeBBLlii C 1JepBHKOM 3, Ha KOH
e
KOToporo YRpenJIeH MaXOBII1JOK ,nJIII nOBOpOTa CKaJIKH Ba Tpe6yeMhIii yrOJI npll Ha,ne-
BaDII 6paCJIeTa Ba 6apa6aH. rOJIOBKa 15 CKOJIb8HT no ABYM BanpaBJIHIOIQIIM 4,
meCTRO YRpenJIeHHHM B IQeKaX 5H 6. KOAHOB 113 HanpaBJIHIOIQIIX KpeDHTCH mTaBra 2,
Ba KOTOpoii nocameBLI OTKHAHLle pOJIIIKII 1, CJIymaIQlle ,nJIII
eHTpoBKH ,neTaJIeii:
nOKphUURH (6peKepa, npoTeKTopa II AP.) npll BaJIOmeBIIII HX Ba 6apa6'aB.
IIOJIOCTII nBeBMO
JIHH,npa 7 coe,nHHeBLI B03.nyxonpOBo,naMH C KJIanaBOM 14,
CJIymaIQIIM AJIH ynpaBJIeBIIH CKaJIKoH.
PaccTolIHHe Mem.ny nOBepXHOCTblO 6apa6aBa II CKaJIROB: ,nOJImHO 6b1Tb no B03-
MomBOCTII MHBHMaJIbHLIM, 1JT06L1 MeBbme paCTllrHBaTb 6paCJIeT npH Ha,neBaHHH ero
Ha 6apa6aB. II08ToMY B CJIY1Jae YCTaHOBKIl 6apa6aHa C MeHbmHM HJIII 66JIbmllM ,nHa-
MeTpOM, a TaKme 113MeBeHHH ero ,nHaMeTpa no Mepe Ha,neBaBHII 6paCJIeTOB, oc06eHHo
npll c60pKe MBOrOCJIOHHLlX nOKpLlmeK, nOJIb3YlOTCII YCTpoiicTBOM, COCTOIIIQBM JlS-
BHHTa 11 C onopoii II nOBopoTHOii My4JTLI 10, YRpenJIeHBOii B BepxHeii 1JaCTH CTaBIIBbl
CTaHKa. llOBOpa1JHBall My4JTy, MomBO onycTHTb HJIII no,nHHTb CKaJIKY.
BpaCJIeT Ha,neBalOT Ha 6apa6aB cJIe,nyIOIQHM 06pa30M. IIpH nOBOpOTe PYKOHTKH
RJIanaua 14 B 3aAHIOIO nOJIOCTL nHeBMO
HJIllBApa 7 nocTynaeT B03,nyX, H CKaJIKa 1fi
no,naeTCH Bnepe,n, T. e. 3aBHMaeT pa601Jee nOJIOmeBHe (Ha pHC. 10.3 nOKa3aHO nOJIO-
)ReHHe C BLI,nBI'lHYTOii CKaJIKoii). IIocJIe 8Toro c60PIQIIK 6epeT 6paCJIeT II Ha,neBaeT
ero Ha CKaJIKY H C60P01JHLlii 6apa6aH, BKJII01JaeT C60P01JHHii 6apa6aH H, MeBHII Maxo-
BH1JKOM nOJIOmeBHe CKaJIKH (T. e. YCTaHaBJIIIBaH ee no,n Be06xo,nHMLIM yrJIOM R OCR
BpaIQeBIIII 6apa6aHa), Ba,neBaeT 6paCJIeT Ha 6apa6aH. IIocJIe BLlpaBHHB8HHH 6pac-
JIeTa pa601Jri OCTaHaBJIHBaeT C60P01JHLlB: 6apa6aH H nOBopoTOM pyKOHTKH KJIanaHa
14 B03BpalItaeT CKaJIKY B IIcxo,nHoe nOJIOmeHlle. IIpaBHJIbHoCTb pacnOJIO)ReHHH
(
eBTpoBKY) 6paCJIeTOB H npOTeKTopa C60p
HK npOBepHeT, onycKall mTaHry 2
c. pOJIHKaMH 1.
10.3. CT AHKH Anfl C60PKH AHArOHAnbHblX
nOKPblWEK
IIpo
eccLI C60PRH nOKpLImeK THna P H AHarOBaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK cYIQeCTBeHHo-
pa3JIH1JaIOTclI.
JIH C60PKH nOKphImeK THna P npHMeBHIOTclI CneInIaJIbHLIe CTaHRII,
OIDlcaHHe KOTOpLlX npHBo,nHTCH B pa3,neJIe 10.4. O,nHaKo pll,n onepa
lIi aHaJIOrH1JeH
II BLlnOJIHHeTCH Ha O,nHIIX H Tex i!{e CTaHKax. 'Y1JIIThIBaH 8TO 06CTOllTeJIbCTBO, B Ba-
CTOJlIQeM pa3,neJIe paCCMaTpHBalOTCH B OCHOBHOM CTaHRH ,nJIII C60PRH AllarOBaJIbHhIX
nOKpLlmeR, Ha KOTOphIX MO)RHO TaKme BhInOJIHlITb pll,n onepaInIii no c60pKe pa.nnaJIb-
HLIX nOKpbIDIeK.
10.3.1. HnaccH4!HKaU.HfI C60P0'4HbIX CTaHKOB
o HaCTOHm;ero BpeMeHH B OTe1JecTBeHHoii JIHTepaType CTaBKII P;JIII C60PKH
nOKpLlmeK npHHHTO no,npa3,nCJIHTb Ha nOJIynJIOCKHe H nOJIy,nopHOBHe B 3aBHCHHOCTH
OT npHMeHHeMOro C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa. 06'bHCBHeTCH 8TO rJIaBBLlM 06pa30M TeM,
1JTO Ha nOJIynJIOCRHX 6apa6aHax c06HpalOTcII npellMyIQeCTBeBHO nOCJIOB:HbUrf
317
I "f
co 1:
Q
III
:a
III
<OS
10
<OS I
Ii:
8
i
[ fg!
011\1:)
!
J I
..
.....
Ci
III Ii
<OS
\0
!. J
<OS
I
\0
III...
.; "'...
..
[ ,
t.
11::
Q "0
''8 =
<OS I:
III 'I
..., III
'01:1
t
i!
=-
\0
::
= II:
i ig
i I
III
II:
Ci
== III
= 't
e
I 11:0
U
=-
:::!! ,-8
i
I
I it
CIS"
I
g..... I:: .
9
"f
!
= illS
S!
I J
! =-......
III \1:)......
&.. !..
III.U
; I
,,
M 11::'"
Q) I lI:os..
e-:U
cq
=ill:
o Q) oQ
....:a 01:10
.;; =-I
III Q la
g., ::II ......
KeTOAOM nOKphUUKH, y ROTOpL1X TOJIbKO no OABOMY KpLlJIY B 60pTax, a Ba nOJIYAopBe-
BIU 6apa6aBax, RaR npaBIIJIO, HsrOTaBJIHBalOT nORpLlJI1KH C BeCROJIbKHMII RpLlJIb-
11M H B 6opTax.
B BeROTopLlX CJIY1JaIlX yRa3aHBoii RJIaCcH4JHKa
eii Bo06IQe BeJIb311 BOCnOJIb30-
BaTbCH. HanpllMep, BeHSBeCTBO, R RaRoii rpynne OTBeCTII CTallRII AJIII C60PRII BeJIO-
nORpLImeR, Y ROTOpbIX BeT C60P01JBLIX 6apa6aBOB, H CTaBRH, cBa6meBBbIe paCmBpJl-
IOIQIIMIICII 6apa6aHa)m ,nJIII C60PRII nOKpLlmeR H3 ymllpeBBhIX CJIOeB Rop,na, a TaR;Ke
CTaHKH C 8JIaCTH1JHhIMII ,nHa4JparMaMH HJIH nJIOCRIIMII 4JOpMyIO
6apa6aHa..
,nJI1I H3rOTOBJIeHHII nOKpLlmeK TIlDa P. KpOMe Toro, npll nOCJIOiiHOM MeTo,ne C60PRB
Ha nOJIy,nopHOBLlX 6apa6aBax, ROTOpLIii nOCTeneBBO BllITeCBHeT 6pacJIeTBLlii MeToA,
pa3JIII1JIIII MemAY nOJIy,nopHOBLIMH H nOJIynJIOCKHMH CTaBRaMH CTllpaIOTCII, TaR KIUt,
no cYIQeCTBY, 8TH CTaHKH OTJIH1JaIOTCII APyr OT APyra TOJIbKO pa3MepaMH, a He npe-
HnOM YCTpOHCTBa HJIII pa60TLI.
B CHJIY YRa3aHBLIX npH1JllB 60JIee nplleMJIeMOii CJIe,nyeT npH3HaTb KJIaCcH4JHKa-
HIO, B OCBOBY KOTOpoii nOJIOmeHO Ba3Ha1JeBlle CTaBKa. COrJIaCHO 8TOB: KJIaCcH4JIIKa-
H Bce C60p01JBLle CTaHKH pa3,neJIHIOT Ha meCTb rpynn. K nepBoii, BTOpoii, TpeTbei
H 1JeTBepToii rpynnaM OTHOCHT COOTBeTCTBeBBO CTaHRH AJIII C60PKII BeJIo- H MOTO-
nOKphImeK, JIerKOBLlX H rpY30BLIX nOKphUUeK. K nllToii rpynne npll1JHCJIllIOT CTaHRII
AJIH H3rOTOBJIeHH1I KpynBora6apHTBLIX nORpLlmeK THmeJIL1X aBTOM0611JIeii H CTpO:a-
TeJIbBLlX MamHH, K mecToii - CTaBKH ,nJIH C60PKH aBHanOKpHmeK H HeKOTopLlX cne-
HaJIbHLIX THnOB nOKpLlmeK II ,np.
OABaKo H 8Ta KJIaCcH4JIIKa
HII Be JIHmeBa BeROTophIX Be,nOCTaTKOB, nOCKOJIbKY
OHa Be y1JHTLIBaeT KOHCTpyRTHBBLIX oc06eHBOCTeii COBpeMeBBbIX C60P01JBLIX CTaH-
KOB. ):\eJIO B TOM, 1JTO BaH60JIee CJIOmBhIMH H OTBeTCTBeHBbIMH onepa
HHMH npo-
ecca C60PKH IIBJI1IIOTCH OnepaInIH, CBII3aBHHe C sa,neJIKOH 60pTOBOii 1JaCTII no-
KpLImRH. II08TOMY C60p01JHHe CTaHKH, BhInYCKaeMLle npOMLImJIeHHOCTblO B BaCTOH-
IQee BpeMII, OCHSIQeBLI np
nHaJIbHO BOBhIMH MeXaBII3MaMH AJIII BHnOJIHeH:HR
YRa3aBBLlX onepa
Hii. Ha 8THX CTaHKax 38;I\eJIRa 60pTa nORphUURII npOIl3Bo,nBTCH
Ba Bpam;a1OIQeMC1I HJIH Heno,nBllmBOM 6apa6aBe. II08TOMY ,naHHHii npH3BaR MomHO
nOJIOmHTb B OCHOBY HX KJIaCCH4JIIKa
HII H Bce COBpeMeBBHe CTaHKH pa3,neJIHTb sa
,nBe rpynnLl, OTHeC1I K nepBoii rpynne CTaBRH, y KOTOpLlX OCBOBBLIe onepaInIB no
3a,neJIKe 60pTa BLInOJIHHIOTCII Ba BpaIQalOIQeMCII 6apa6aBe, a KO BTOpoii - CTaBKH
paCC1JHTaBHLle sa BLInOJIHeHHe 8THX onepa
ii Ha Beno,nBHmBOM 6apa6aBe.
Cym;eCTBeHHhIMH KOHCTpyRTHBHLIMH oc06eHHOCTJlMH OTJIH1JaIOTCH CTaHKH C Tal(.
Ha3L1BaeMLIMH pa3){(IIMHhIMH 6apa6aHaMII, npe,nHa3Ha1JeBHLlMH ,nJIII C60PKH nOKpbI-
meK H3 ymHpenHLIX H 06hI1JBLIX CJIOeB Kop,na. II08TOMY nOA06HbIe CTaHKB cJleAyeT
OTBeCTH R TpeTbeH rpynne npe,nJIaraeMoii KJIaCcH4JIIK8.I(IIII. KaR yme OTMe1JaJIOCb
BhIme, npo
ecc C60PKJiI nOKpLImeK TIlDa P B 3aKJII01JHTeJIbHHX onepaInIHX cym,e-
CTBeHHO OTJIHqaeTC1I OT npo
ecca C60PKH ,nHarOHaJIbBLIX nOKpLImeK, 1JTO IIBlIJIOCb
npH1JlIBoii cYIQeCTBeHHOrO pa3JIH1JHII H C60p01JBOrO 060py,nOBaHHII ,nJIII HJlX. no-
8TOMY KJIaCcH4JHKa
HH CTaHKOB ,nJIH C60PKII pa,u;lIaJIbHHX nOKpLImeK AaHa B TOM iRe
pas,neJIe 10.4, r,ne npHBe,neHO HX onHcaBHe.
10.3.2. CTaHKH Anfl C60PKH nerKOBbiX
H MOT0ll.HKneTHbiX nOKpblweK
JIerKoBLle nOKpLlmRH 1IMeIOT He60JIbmOe 1JIICJIO CJIOeB Kop,na B KapKace H .pe-
Kepe (He 60JIee mecTH) H no O,nHOMY KpLlJIY B 60pTax. II08ToMY HX c06HpalOT Ba
nOJIynJIOCKHX 6apa6aHax.
COBpeMeHHLle CTaHKH ,nJIH C60PKH JIefROBbIX nOKphImeK AllarOHaJILHOii KeH-
CTPYRInID H AM nepBoi CTaAIIH C60PRH nOKphUUeK THna P BbInYCKalOTC1I Tpex TllnOB:
C sa,J;eJIKoii 60pTOB Ha BpSIQalOm;eMCII H Heno,nBHmHOM 6apa6aHe H C paSmHHHhIMH
6apa6aBaMH. IIOKpLlmKH Ha 8THX CTaBRax c06HpalOT, KaK npaBHJIO, nOCJIOBHLIM
MeTOAOM. B BeKOTopLIX CJIy1Jallx (eCJIH nORphUUKa neeT meCTb-BoceMb' 'CJIeeB
319
Rop.n;a B l\apKace) npllMeHHeTCII H KOM6HHHpOBaHHLlH MeTO,n C60pKH. IIpH CMeHe
c6opo1JHLlX oapa6aHOB H COOTBeTCTBYIOIQeii BaCTpoiiKe MexaBH3MOB Ha TaKHX CTaB-
I<ax MOiKUO c06HpaTb nOKpLlmKII pa3JIH1JHldX pa3MepOB - OT 12 ,no 20 ,nIOHMOB no
BHYTpeHHel\lY (noca,n01JHoMY Ha 060,n) ,nHaMeTpy 60pTa nOKpLlmKH.
I1pn nOCJIOBHOM MeTo,ne C60PKII nOKpbIDIeK COBpeMeHHLle C60pOqHLle CTaHRH
pa60TalOT B arperaTe
nHTaTeJIIIMH, KOTopLle yCTaHaBJIHBalOT 1JaIQe Bcero nosa,nH
CTaHKa.
10.3.2.1. CTaHKH Anli CCSOPKH nerKOBbiX nOKpblweK
c saAenKoH CSOPTOB Ha Bpa
alO
eMC$l CSapaCSaHe
CTaHKH ,nJIH C60PKII JIerKOBLlX nOKpbIDIeK, Ha KOTOphIX onepa
HII no 3ap;eJIRe
60pTOB ocym;ecTBJIllIOTCII Ha BpaIQalOIQeMCII 6apa6aHe, mHpoKo npBMeBlllOTCH
B mHHHoii npOMLlmJIeHHOCTH, oc06eBBo B 3apy6e)RBoii. B CBoe BpeMII OH1l 6L1JI11 nep-
BLll\IH aBTOrtfaTH3HpOBaBBLIMH CTaHRaMH co CKJIa,nhIBaIOIQIIMHCII 6apa6aHaMH. 3TII
CTaHRH 3apy6emBbIMH 4JHpMaMH BenpepLlBBo Mo,nepBll3HpYIOTCII II cOBepmeB-
CTBYIOTCH.
K rpynne 8THX CTaHROB OTBOCHTCII M-56, M-58, M-60 II M-80 c)IIpMLI
«,n;. BpH,nm».
CTaBOK M-56 nOKasaB B 06IQeM BII,ne Ha pBC. 10.4. OCBOBHLlMH 1JaCTIIMII
CTaHKa HBJIIlIOTCH CTaHlIBa 12, HHmBJ'l1I paMa 1, MexaBH3MLI npllKaTqHKOB 5, 9,
nocaAKH KphIJIbeB 9, 11 II oTrH6aHHII CJIOeB Kop,na 4. CTaHlIBa 12 HBJIHeTCII o,nHoii
83 OCHOBHblX 1JaCTeB CTaBKa. B Heii pacnOJIO)ReH rJIaBHLIii BaJI 8, Ba KOH
e ROToporo
YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCII C60P01JHhIii 6apa6aB (Ha pHCyBRe Be nOKa3aH). Ha ,npyroM ROH
e
BaJla BHyTPIl CTaBHBLl3aKpenJIeH mKHB, CBHsaBBbIU TeKCTpOnBOB: nepe,na1Jeii co mKII-
BOM 8JIeKTpo,nBHraTeJIH npHBo,na, pacnOJlOmeBBOro TaRme BHyTPIl CTaHIIBLI. Ha ne-
pe,I\Heii CTeHKe CTaHHBhI BMeeTCII nBeBMaTH1JeCKHi TOpM03 p;JIII CKJISAhIBaBHII 6apa-
6aHa, KOTOpLlH npll nOMOIQH BTyJIKII 10 meCTRO CBII3aB C coe,nHHlITeJIbBOB: MY4JToii
C60p01JBOrO 6apa6aBa.
BHyTpH CTaBHBLI pacnOJIOmeBhI TaKme 8JIeKTpOnpHBo,n MexaBH3Ma 6 ,nJIII
npHKaTKH CJIOeB Kop,na II npOTeKTopa H MexaBH3M «OAHoro 060pOTa» BaJIa CTaBKa,
npe.n;a:a3Ba1JeHHOrO ,nJISI HaJIOmeBHII CJIOeB Kop,na, npOTeKTopa H ,npyrHx ,neTaJleB:.
K CTaHHBe npHCOeAIIBeHa 8JIeKTpODBeBMaTB1JeCKaH CTa
HII 19 C aunapaTypOH
II npllOOpaMH 8JIeRTpOnBeBMaTH1JeCROii CHCTeMLI ynpasJIeBHII pa60Toii CTaHKa. Ha
nepe.n;HeB: CTopOHe CTaB
1UI pacnOJIOmeHa naBeJIb C KHOnKaMB ynpaBJIeBIISl. B Bepx-
Heii 1JaCTH CTaBIIHLI Baxo,nIlTCJI TaB:Mep 14 - npll60p, perJIaMeBTHPYIOIQRi BpeMII
- HcnO.'1HeHBH H nOCJIe,nOBaTeJIbHOCTb BLlDOJIBeBWI onepa
npll aBTOMaTH1JeCKOM H
nOJIyaBToMaTII1JeCKOM ynpaBJIeBHH pa60TOB: CTaHKa.
HomBLle ne,naJIH ynpaBJIeBWI 15 pacnOJIOmeHH Ha nepeAHeii CTopOHe paMLI.
Bcero HMeeTCH 1JeThIpe HOmBLlX ne,naJIII. O,nHa HS BHX CJIymHT ,nJIJI BKJII01JeBIIII aBTO-
MaTHqeCKOrO
IIRJIa ynpaBJIeHHH pa60TOB: CTaBRa, ,npyraH - ,nJIII BKJIlOqeBHSI TOp-
M03a npH CKJIa,nLlBaHIIII 6apa6aBa II em;e ,nBe ne,naJIII npe,nHa3Ha1JeHLI ,nJIH BKJII01JeHIIII
BpaIQeHWI 6apa6aHa B 06e CTOpOHLI.
C H C T e M LI Y n P a B JI e B H II P a 6 0 T 0 B C TaB K a. Ha CTaHRe
HMelOTCII TPII CHCTeMLI ynpaBJIeBHII onepa
MH: pyqHaSl, nOJIyaBTOMaTH1JeCKall H
<:IBTOMaTlI1JeCKaH.
I1PH pyqHOM ynpaBJIeHHH BKJII01JeHHe MeXaBHSMOB ,nJIII BLlDOJIBeHHII Toii
HJIH HHOii onepa
1I1I npOH3Bo,nHTCII BamaTHelil COOTBeTCTBYIOIQeii KHOnKH, pacnOJIo-
iKeHHOH Ha naHeJIII ynpaBJIeBHH.
CHCTeMa nOJIyaBTOMaTH1JeCKOrO ynpaBJIeHWI npe,nycMaTpHBaeT aBTOMaTH1JeCKOe
ynpaBJIeHHe OT,neJIbHhIMH rpyunaMII TeXBOJIOrH1JeCKIIX onepa
HB:. B 8TOM cJIyqae
Bce onepa
HH pa36HBalOT Ha HeCKOJIbKO rpynn. Onepa
HH Kam,noii rpynDhI npOH3-
BO,nHTCH cooTBeTCTBYIOm;mm MexaBll3MaMH. 'YnpaBJIeHlle npo
eCCOM C60PKH (npo-
p;OJImHTeJIbHOCTblO II nOCJIe,nOBaTeJIbHOCTblO BLlnOJIBeBHII Kam,noii rpynnhI onepa
)
320
.
JlpJlK8TKH CJIOeB KOp,na II DpOTeKTOpa H 60pTOBhIX npHKaTQHKOB, QTO cDOc06cTByeT
xopomeii C60pKe. IIepeMeIQeBHe ,nIlCKOB 8 II 14 C ma6JIOBaMH ,nJIII noea,nK1I KpliJIbeB
ocy
eCTBJIlleTCII OT paSMeIQeHHLlX AIIaMeTpaJI:&HO DpOTHBOnOJIO)RHO (c 06eux CTOpOB
rOJIOBKH 3) ,nByX nHeBMO
HJIHBAPOB 4 y JIeBOH rpynnLl MexaHHSMOB JI DOMeIQeBBhIX
BHyTPH cTaBHBLl15 Do,n06BLlX nHeBMO
HJIIIH,npOB y DpaBoH rpynDLI.
3aCJIY)RHBaeT BHlIMaBIIII KOHCTPYK
HII rJIaBHOrO BaJIa 11. ):\JlII Toro 1JT06L1
l\fOmHO OhIJIO ero 6L1CTpO CMeHlITb, OH BblDOJIHeH pa360pHLlM.
CHcTeMa aBTOMaTH1JeCKOrO ynpaBJIeHHII CTaHKa BKJII01JaeT YCTPODCTBO AJIJl KOH-
TpOJIH 1JHCJIa c06paHBLlx nOKpbI1DeK, COCTOIIIQee 113 C1JeT1JIIKa IIMDYJIbCHOrO TIlDa
C npHBo,nOM OT 8JIeKTpo,nBHraTeJIII, Ba60pa KOBe1JHLlX BLlKJII01JaTeJIeii II peJIe Bpe-
MeHH. OHO KOBTpOJIllpyeT DOCJIe,nOBaTeJIbHOCTb II Dpo,nOJI)RHTeJIbHOCTb BLlDOJIHeHlI1I
TeXBOJIOrH1JeCKH
oDepaInIii, a TaK)Re OTC1JHThIBaeT 1JHCJIO c06paHBLlX Ha CTaHKe
nOKpblmeK.
IIYJIbT ynpaBJIeBDII 16 IIMeeT IQHTKII ,nJIII DOJIyaBToMaTH1JeCKOrO H pyqBoro
ynpaBJIeBHII. B nOJIyaBTOMaTH1JeCKOM pemHMe CTaHOK YDpaBJIlleTCII OT meCTII KBO-
nOK, a B pyqBOM (HaJIa,n01JBOM) - OT meCTH TYM6JIepOB. CTaHOK cBa6)ReH nllTblO
3JIeKTpone,naJIIIMH 18 ,nJIII BKJII01JeBHH: MexaBII3Ma o,nHoro 060poTa, BpaIQeHHII 6a-
pa6aHa «(Ua ce611) II «OT ce611», pa60TLI CTaBKa B pyqBOM II aBTOMaTH1JeCKOM pemllMe.
CTaHOK M-80 no TeXHH1JeCKIIM napaMeTpaM HeCKOJIbKO OTJIH1JaeTCII OT CTaHKa
M-56. HH)Re npHBe,neHa TeXBH1JeCKall xapaKTepllCTHKa C60P01JHblX CTaHKOB M-56
II M-80 tlJUPMLI «):\. BPH,n)R):
)(-56 M-80
nOCJlOiiBLli
CI(JI
aIO- CKJl8AHBaIO-
muiiclI muiicJI meCTB-
cerueBTBLlii
nOJlYDnOCKJli
MeTo
C60PKR . . .
C60pO'lBLlB 6apa6au
THO . . . . . .
DpO
HJlb DJle'lBKOB
IlIaMeTp, MM
MaKCDMMbBLIii
MDBDMaJibBLIii
mnpBBa, MY
MaKCDMaJlbBaJI .
MBBRManbBali ...........
'1aCTOTa BpameBJlII, 06/MBB . . . . . .
ARaM8rp 60pTa co6BpaeMoi OOKpLImKB, MM
MaKCDManbBLlB . . . . . . . .
MBBBMaJlbBLIii . . . . . . . .
3J1eKTpOABDraTenB
opRBo
a C60pO'lBOrO 6apa6aBa
TDD . . . . . .
558.2
330.2
711
272
286; 203; 51
508
305
533.4
355.6
609.6
330,2
286; 203; 51
406.4
330,2
TpeXCKOpOOTBoii DepeMeBBoro
TOKa
2.2/1.5/0,06 2.2/1.5/0.06
380 380
1100/750/188 1100/750/188
MOIDBOCTb, KBT ......
BaDpR»ceBHe, B ......
'1aCTOTa BpameBBJI, 06/MBB . . .
npBBOAa DpDKaTKB CJlOeB Kop
a B Dpo-
TeKTOpa
TBII.........
0.26
1425
o ABOOKOpOCTBOii nepeMeHHoro
TOKa
0.25
750
MOmBOCTb, KBT '"
1IaCTOTa BpameBBR, 06/MUU . . .
DpBBoia MeXaBD3Ma opBKaTKB 60PTa
mn . . . . . . . . . . .
MOmBOCTb, KBT .....
1IaCTOTa .pameBDII, OO/MBB
fa6apDTBLlO pUMepLl, MM
Anna .
nmpoBa
BLlCOTa
Macca, T
PerYJlBpyeMLIii OOC'IOJlBROrO
TOKa
0,3
1750
3505
1448
1981
1,829
21*
0.3
1725
4110
1830
1525
2,22
323
10.3.2.2. CTaHKH Ami C(SOPKH nerKOBbiX nOKpblweK
C saAenKoA (SOPTOB Ha HenOABH)KHOM (Sapa(SaHe
B nOCJIe,nBlle rOAH mupoKoe pacnpocTpaBeBHe DOJIyqllJIH cTaBKH, Ba KOTOpLIX
onepa
HH 3a,neJIKII 60PTOB npo1l3Bo,nIlTCH CneInIaJIbBLlMH MexaBHSMaMH Ba BeDO-
ABII)RBOM C60P01JBOM 6apa6aBe. B OTe1JeCTBeBBOB: mllBBoB npOMLlmJIeBBOCTH ,nJIJI
C60PKH nerKOBhIX nOKpLlmeK npllMeBlleTCII CTaBOK CIIII 470-800 (CllII-66), cxeMa
KOToporo nOKasaBa Ba pllC. 10.6.
B npaBoH CTaBHBe 1 CMOBTHpOBaB rJIaBBLlH BaJI 16, ero npHBO,n (OT 8JIeKTpO-
,nBHraTeJIII 29 1Jepes mRHBLI 28 II 27 KJIHBOpeMeBBoii nepe,na1JII), a TaKme nneBMO-
npHBo,nLl npaBoii rpynnLl MexaBH3MOB 06pa60TKH 60pTa, HMelOlI(He TaKoe me yCT-
POHCTBO, KaK nneBMOnpHBOAH neBoH rpynDLI aBaJIOrH1JBLlX MexaBIISMOB, pacnOJIO-
meBBbIX B JIeBoii CTaBlIHe 4. .
):\JIII CKJIa,nhIBaBHII II pa3BepTLlBaBIIII C60p01JBOrO 6apa6aBa 15 Ha nepe,nBeii
CTeBKe npaBoH cTaBIIBLlI CMOBTDpOBaB KOJIO,n01JBLIB: TOpM03 22, npIlBo,nHMLlH B ,neii-
CTBlle nBeBMonpDBo,nOM 23. Ha 06ellx CTaBlIHax paCDOJIO)ReBhI DBeBMonpllBo,nLl 24
II BanpaBJIlllOIQlle mTaBrH 25, npe.naa3Ba1JeBBhIe ,nJIII nepeMeIQeBHII ,nonOJIBnTeJIbBLlX
6apa6aHoB 18 no OCII rJIaBBOrO BaJIa ,nJIII npll)RIIMa IIX K C60P01JHOMY 6apa6aBY 15
npH naJIO)ReBIIII CJIOeB Kop,na.
,D;onOJIHHTeJIbHhIH 6apa6aB KpeDHTCII B 06e'laiiKe, BpaIQalOmeHCII BMeCTe C BIIM.
06e1JaiiKa BCTaBJIeBa B Beno,nBHmBYIO B paAHaJIbHOM BanpaBJIeBBD 060HMY 20.
BpaIQeHHe 06e1JaiiKII B 060iiMe 06eCne1JDBaeTCII lIMelOIQIIMIICII B Beii TpeMH pOJIHKa-
MH 19,{ycTaBoBJIeBBLlMH Ba 8Kc
eBTpHKOBhIX OCIIX. Bo H36e)RaBHe oceBoro CKe-
IQeBHII BpaIQalOIQeHCII 06e1JaiiKII OTBOCHTeJIbBO 060HMbI 20 no OKPY)RBOCTII DOCJIe,nBei
npHKpenJIeBLI Ba OCIIX TPII mapHKono,nmIlDBHKa 21, KOTophIe YRpenJIeBbI ),fe)R;I\y
pe60p,naMII 06e'laHKH. OCH BpaIQeBHH mapHKono,nmHDBIIKOB nepDeB,nIlKYJIllpBbI
OCH BpaIQeBIIII 06e1JaiiKII.
IIo npHHInIny ,neHCTBDII, OCBOBaBBoMy Ba pa3maTHH CHCTeMOH pLl1JarOB KOJIb-
eBoii CnHpaJIbBOH npY)RIIBLI, npaBLlH II JIeBLlii MexaHII3MbI 06pa60TKH 60pT08 no-
KpLlmKII aBaJIOrH1JBLI YHHBepCaJIbBhIM MexaBJ!3MaM ,nJIII 06pa60TKH 60pTOB rpyso-
BhIX DOKpLlmeK Ba Beno,nBH)RHOM 6apa6aBe (CM. pas,neJI 10.3.3.2).
IIpaBLlH H JIeBbIH MexaBHSMLI 06pa60TKH 60PTOB YCTaBOBJIeBLI COOCBO co c60-
p01JBbIM 6apa6aBoM. OceBoe nepeMeIQeBHe H3 Dcxo,nBoro nOJIO)ReBIIII K c60po1J-
BOMy 6apa6aay II 06paTBo OBII nOJIyqalOT 1Jepe3 CHCTeMY perYJIllpyeMhIx pLl1Ja-
rOB 8 II TllrH 90T nBeBMonpllBo,na 7, mapBHpBO saKpenJIeBBOrO Ba CTeBKe CTaBIIHLI.
Pa601Jee nOJIOmeBHe MexaBII3MOB 4JHKcllpyeTclI pLl1JaraMII-4JIIKCaTOpaMII 5, ABH)Re-
BHe KOTOphIM co06IQaeT nBeBMonpHBO,n 6. ,nJIII nepeMelI(eBHII ma6JIOBOB 12 ,nJIII no-
'cajJ;RD KpLlJIbeB B DpaBoH H JIeBOH CTaBHHax CMOBTHpOBaBLI aBaJIOrH1JBbIe DffE'BMO-
npHBo,nhI D CllCTeMLI pbI1JarOB.
POJIHKH 13 HHmBHX npHKaT1JHKOB YCTaBOBJIeHLI Ba KpoBmTeHHax, KOTophIe
S8KpenJIeBLI Ba ROH
ax mTOKOB nBeBMO
HJIHH,npOB 30. fIOCJIe,nBHe C pOJIIIKaMH 13
nepeMeIQalOTCII B,nOJIb OCII C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa B npo
ecce npHKaTRII npll nOMOIQII
nepeAa1JH BHBT - raHKa, npHBo,nHMOH B ,neHCTBHe OT 8JIeKTpo,nBHraTeJIII. ):\aBJIeBHe
B nHeBMO
HJIHB,npax 30 C03,naeTCII nepeMeBBoe: BRSKoe AJIII npllKaTKH CJ10eB Kap-
Kaca H 60KOBHB H BLlCOKoe ,nJIII npHKaTKII 6eroBoH 1JaCTH npOTeKTopa.
,D;Ba pOJIHKa 60pToBoro npllKaT1JIIKa 14 CJIymaT AJIII 3aBOpaQHBaBHII 60pTOBOii
JIeBTLI no,n RpbIJIO npH Bpam.eBHH C60p01JBOrO 6apa6aBa.
'YnpaBJIeBHe pa60Toii MexaBH3MOB OCYIQeCTBJIlleTCH C nYJIbTa ynpaBJIeBHII.
CKJISAhIBaBHe 6apa6aBa npOHSBo,nHTCII npll ero BpaIQeHHH «OT Ce6H» na MaJILlX
060pOTax II BKJII01JeBHR TopM03a OT KBODlm «TopM03 6apa6aBa», a ero pa3BepTbIBa-
Bile B pa601Jee nOJIOmeBHe - npH Bpam.eHHR rJIaBBOrO BaJIa «Ba ce611» H BKJII01JeH-
BOM TopM03e.
,nonOJIBHTeJIbBLle 6apa6aBhI no,nalOTCII no OCH fJIaBBOrO BaJIa AO ynopa
B C60P01JHLlH 6apa6aB npH BKJII01JeBHH TYM6JIepa «):\onOJIBHTeJIbBhIe 6apa6aBb1»
324
0)
....
t>.
...
;!
....
....
O)coto- Coli)
.Is"21;,j I
= di
\0 III
oo
...
!. n
ii
ii
5 jElC
IC J!
;!;:: _111=00111
.., ::&I _III;; Q,
..
i IgolU
III ::ii:: i i
III "'
... !;"
t:{ 15......... G>
8 1a..;,j1:0:i
Q) tf:o:
I
III is
I:(...
CI$
II:",ICII:"
III
'" ;>10: gj ii
a:;
Q,
'" II'
fo II>oC::oIIli
=- e2a:;
8.
o ...E:",
",,,,
\0 iiti!! =
c::
.111 o8.s
c::>IO:
o 2 =0 0
i I :o:
g
a:::...
I:( I G!
=- '" .."" go""
2"" 0000
C,) H
1"'2=
,,3:11 III
Q) =""....
:o:
B D" 1'Oot CU t::
:21
1 ..
I 3
=-
..
III
8 !OJ,,,,I11:!:1
1:1 t:q
:o:
OjB
H "'
;s I
:21
"'1:(02..
""
" 1 2 g
I:(
;.,,2 1 0 oj
,'" ii
...i;,j!i;
III o1!:I:(...=ta
,,;ii oQ,
=-
Uii
,gll:
.2 "'''''.a1ll'''0
'ts ;g;III;
5
II: g.!:I111
Hg...==gS
.-.1 0 ....&::...
co is:! .. .. :! eo
!:i
Ii!il
I:: ; ""<0
"'...
I:: 1:( 1 O"'EoH."
(.)010
--=...==1 ..
"" :0:'" I '"
="EoICg: =
oGSo«S
-
",,""10 ""....I!:
Eo
",
:o: '"
too
",,g. :3..:0:
.,p a:;
0>10: c:: f!
I:: "111:!
;C::
I:: leo&1
I:(
o
(.) "g=
g
" "III::1IC
II:=
o os III "," IS: '"
III Ii go:! 1 ""Ii
CI$ =0 "'g
t
1
a;:jQ,
. aJjEOjI =;
co
c:: '" ;j"" ""
g =1511'
go<o ""!;"'= 0
U i l .. 1 :o: g.g .&! I
III
.... ...=
Q.o ... Eo'" 0" c::
'"
<')
B nOJIOmeBHe «Bnepe,n», a HX BOSBpaIQeBHe B Hcxo,nBoe nOJIOmeBlle npOIlCXO,!l;lIT DPH
nepeKJII01JeHHII TYM6JIepa B nOJIO)ReBDe «Ba3a,n». .
BKJII01JeBHeM COOTBeTcTBylOIQHX TYM6JIepOB no,nalOTCII B pa601Jee nOJIO)ReBHe
H B03BpaIQalOTCII B Hcxo,nBoe MexaHH3MLI 06pa60TKH 60pTa, ma6JIOBhI ,nJIH noca,nKH
KpLlJIbeB, paS)RHM KOJIb
eBLlX npymHB ,nJIII SaBOpa1JHBaHHII CJIOeB Kop,na Ba KpLlJIbll,
3aBOpa1JHBaBHe no,n KpLlJIO 60pTOBhIX JIeBT II npHKaTKH 60pTOB pOJIHKaMH 60pTOB1>IX
It pHKaT'IHKOB.
HamaTHeM COOTBeTCTBYIOIQHX KBODOK BKJII01JaIOTCH B pa60TY BHmBHe npHKaT-
1JHKH, a TaKme nepel\fe
aeTCII B CTOPOBY H B03BpaIQaeTCH B pa601Jee nOJIO)ReBHe JIe-
BaH CTaBHBa.
TexHH1JeCKall xapaKTepnCTHKa CTaBKa CIIII 470-800 (CIIII-66) npHBep;eBa
HHa.e:
155-330; 5,20-13;
6.00-13; 7.35-14;
5.60-15; 7.00-15; 6.40-15;
6.70-15; 8,20-15; 8,40-15;
8.90-15; 5.00-16; 5.50-16;
6.00-16; 6.50-16; 7.50-16
npOUSBo
HTenbBocTb OpH c60pK8
oOKpLlmeK pa3Mepa 6,70-15,
mT/q . . . . . .
C60pO'lBLIii 6apa6aB
.I{HaMeTp, MM . .
mHpDBa, MM . . . . .
qacTOTa Bpa
eBHR 6apa6aBa,
06/MOB
DepBali CKOpOCTb
BTopaR CKOpOCTb
aneKTpO
HraTeJIB
npHBoAa rnaBBoro BaJia
THn .......
MomBOCTb, KBT . .
'1aCTOTa BpameBBII, oo/MDB
BWKDBX OpHKaT'lBKOB
THO .......
MOmoOCTb, K BT . .
'1aCTOTa BpameBBR, 06/MDB
AaBJleBBe Bos
yxa B cem, Mna
fa6apBTBLle paSMepLl, MM
AnBBa
mRpBBa
BLlCOTa .
Macca, T . .
PaSMepLl co68paeMLlX OOKpLlmeK
15.5
360-466
220-550
50
150
MTKM 311-6/16
3.511.1
920; 305
A02-21-4
U
1400
0.6-0.7
3570
1990
1250
3.652
CTaHOK CIITI 470-800 (CIIII-66) 06eCne1JHBaeT BLlCOKoe Ka1JeCTBO c06HpaeMLlx
nOKpLlmeK 6JIaro,napll npHMeBeBlllO YBHBepCaJIbBLlX MexaBIISMOB ,nJIII 06pa60TKH
HX 60pTOBOH 1JaCTH. Ha BeM MO)RBO c0611paTb JIerKOBbIe nOKpLlmKII ,nHarOBaJIbBOH
KOBCTPYK
H R KapKaChI nOKpLlmeK THna P B mHpOKOM AHana30Be THDopaSMepOB.
CTaBoK HMeeT npOCTLle no KOHCTpyKInIH II Ba,ne)RBhIe B 3KcnJIYaTa
MexaBII3MLI
H CIICTeMY aBTOMaTH1JeCKOrO ynpaBJIeBHII.
B TO )Re BpeMII npll c60pI.e MaJIOCJIOHBblX JIerKOBLlX nOKpbImeK CTaHOK CyIQeCT-
BeHBO yCTynaeT no npOH3Bo,nDTeJIbBOCTH COBpeMeBBhIM CTaBKaM ,nJIII C60PKII JIerKO-
BhIX nOKpLlmeK C MexaHH3MaMH ,nJIII 06pa60TKH 60pTOB Ba BpaIQalOIQeMCH 6apa6aBe
H CTaBKaM ,nJIII C60PKH JIerKOBbiX nOKphImeK C MexaBH3MaMII ,nJIII 06pa60TKII 60pTOB
Ha pa3a<HMHOM 6apa6aHe THna CIIR-8. II03TOMY ero
eJIeC006paSBO npllMeBIITb npH
c60pKe MHOrOCJIOHBLlX JIerKOBLlX nOKpLImeK.
326
10.3.2.3. CTaHKH AnI! C(S0PKH nOKpblweK HS yWHpeHHblX
H O(SbI HbIX CnoeB KOPAa Ha paS)f(HMHblX (Sapa(SaHax
RaK Y)Re OTMe1JaJIOCb BLlme, B nOCJIe,nBHe rOAH B mllHBoB npOMLlmJIeBBOCTH Bce
60JIee mHpoKoe pacnpocTpaBeHue nOJIyqaeT MeTO,n C60PKII nOKphImeK liS TaK BaShI-
BaeMLlX ymHpeBBhIx CJIOeB Kop,na. CxeMa TaKoii nOKpLlmKII Ba 6apa6aBe c60po1JBoro
CTaBKa nOKasaBa Ba pHC. 10.7.
Oc06eBBocTH YCTpoiicTBa CTaHKOB ,nJIII C60PKH nOKpLImeK HS ymHpeBBhIX CJIOeB
Kop,na 3aRJII01JaIOTCH: B npHMeBeBHH Cne HaJIbBLlX 6apa6aBoB, Baxo,nIl HXCH B cma-
TOM COCTOIIHHH npH BaJIO)ReBIIH CJIOII Kop,na D Ba,neBaBHH 60pTOBLlX KOJIe II SaTeJrl
pacmHpHIOIQHXCII TaK, 1JTO KpLlJIbll BXO,nIlT B COOTBeTCTBYlOlItlle nasLI (KaBaBRII)
Ba (Sapa6aBe; B IICnOJIb30BaBIIH MexaBIISMOB ,nJIII SaBOpa1JHBaBHH JIeBOH II npaBOH
CTOpOBLI COCTLlKOBaBHoro Ba 6apa6aBe CJIOII Kop,na, a TaKme ,nJIII onpeCCOBI{1I c06-
paHBoH nOKpLlmKH.
Cnoc06L1 SaBOpa1JHBaBIIII CJIOeB Kop,na Ba TaKHX CTaBKax OTJIH1JBhI OT npHM&-
HlleMLlX Ba ,npyrHx CTaHKax. IIpH c60pKe nOKpLlmeK Ha paS)RIIMBhIX 6apa6aBax
PBC. 10.7. CxeMa nOKpLImKB, co6panBoB BS
yumpeBBLlx MoeB KOPAa:
J - liapaliaR; I - KpWnOj 3 - IIopTOBaIl neRTa; 4 -
YlDllJlelllllole cnOB KOpna; 6 - RpIlJl cnoeB KOpna; 6 -
upOTeKTOp.
. J
: _ :oomnN - :,: , i '
3aBOpa1JDBaHlle CJIOeB KOp,na npOIl3BO,nHTCII npH nOMOIWI KaMepLl C HapY)RHOB 06e-
1JaHKOii, npY)RHHHLlX CerMeBTOB HJIH RaTIIIQeHCH npY)RIIHLl.
OTe'lOOTBeBBble CTaHRH AM C60pRH nORpblmeK 8S ymupeBBblX MoeB ROPAa.
IIpDH HaJIbBOe yCTpOHCTBO TaKoro po,na CTaBKOB paCCMOTpHM Ba npllMepe CTaB-
Ka, CXeMa KOTOpOrO nOKa3aBa Ba pHC. 10.8, a. RaK BH,nBO H3 pHCYHKa, Ba CTaHlIHe
14 CMOBTHpOBaBLI no,nmllnBHKD rJIaBBOrO (noJIoro) BaJJa 13, Ba KOTOpOM nOCa)ReBhI
OCBOBBOH C60P01JHLlH 7 H ,nonOJIBHTeJIbHLIe 6apa6aBLl 3, 9, 3JIeKTpo,nBHraTeJIb 16
npHBo,na rJIaBBOrO BaJIa, nBeBMonpDBO,n 11, CJIymaIQHH ,nJIII nepeMeIQeBHII npaBoro
,nonOJIBIITCJIbBOrO 6apa6aHa 9, II nBeBMonpllBo,n 15, npe,nBa3Ba1JeHBhIH ,nJIH nepe-
MeIQeBHII JIeBOrO 6apa6aBa 3. ):\BH)ReBHe JIeBOMY 6apa6aBY 3 OT nBeBMonpllBo,na 15
nepe,naeTCII '1epe3 Tllry 2, pa3MeIQeBHYlO BBYTPH rJIaBBOrO BaJIa 13. i ' '-
.OCBOBBOii H ,nonOJIBHTeJIbBLle 6apa6aBhI COCTOIIT U3 OT,neJIbHLlX ceKTopoB-H
MorYT pa3)RDMaTbCII, YBeJIH1JIIBall CBOH ,nHal\leTp. OCBOBHOii 6apa6aB 7 pa3)RIIMaeTCII
npH nOMOIQH ,nHa4JparMhI 4 npH no,na1Je B Bee no,n ,naBJIeHlleM mHAKOCTII HJIII npll
nOMOIQR pLl1JamBOrO MexaBlI3Ma, a cmHMaeTCII no,n ,nCBCTBDeM pe3HBOBoro nOHca 6
nOCJIe Toro, KaK 6y,neT cnYlIteBa )RH,nKOCTb 113 AHa4JparMLI 4 DJIII npOH3Be,neBO nepe-
IWIO'IeHDe pLl'la)RHOrO MexaBDSMa.
Pa3)RaTHe R B03BpaIQeBlle B IIcxo,nBoe nOJIO)ReBDe ,nonOJIBHTeJIbBLlX 6apa6aHoB
3 H 9 OCYIQeCTBJIlleTCII npH nOMOIQH pb11Ja)RBLlX MexaBII3MOB. Ha ,nonOJIBIITeJIbBLlX
6apa6aBax DMelOTCII KOJIb eBLle npymllBhI 8, KOTopLle CJIymaT ,nJIH 06)RHMa CJIOeB
Iwp,na npH HX 3aBOpa1JHBaBHH Ba KpLlJIO.
B 8TOii KOBCTpyK RII C60p01JBOrO CTaBKa CJIOD Kop,na Ba 6apa6aBe ,ny6JIII-
pylOTCII Be MeTo,nOM npDKaTKH, KaK 8TO AeJIaeTCII Ba 60JIbmllHCTBe C60P01JHhIX CTaB-
KOB, a HHa1Je: 1JaCTblO sa C1JeT pa3)RaTHH C60p01JBOrO 6apa6aBa H 1JaCTblO npH nOMOIQH
06)RHMBOH peSHBOBoii KaMephI 5, KOTopall o,nBoBpeMeBBo CJIY)RHT ,nJIH CHIITHII c06-
paBBoii nOKpLlmKH C 6apa6aBa. :3Ta KaMepa nepeMeIQaeTCH npH nOMOIQII nBeBMO-
npHBo,na 17 no paMe C 4JHrYPHLlM na30M 19.
):\JIH noca,nKH KpLlJIbeB Ba 6apa6aB CJIymHT OTKH,nBOii ma6JIOB 1, nepe,nBH)Re-
BHe KO'fOpOro B,nOJIb OCH 6apa6aBa OCYIQeCTBJIlleTCII npll nOMOIQH nBeBMonpH-
Bo,na 18. OTKHAHBaBHe ma6JIOBa npOH3Bo,nHTCH naeBMonpHBo,nOM. ):\JIII SaKpenJIeBIIII
327
a
.
. H + m -- _-
<H -
m
QD
---
II :lI
b$e
,1m
o
PIIC. to.8. CxeMa CTlUlKa
JIJI OOOpKB OOKpLlJDeK BS yJIIJlpeBBLlX MoeB KOPAa (a) B DOODep
OBBas CXeMa c60PKB (6):
1 - OTKQSOa maliJJos; 1 - Tllra; 3 - neBhIA AOPOJIIfUTeJIbIllorit liapaliaR; 4 - AIIa4!pal'Jlla; 6 - oGlKBKHali
KaJlepa; 6 - Pe311110BWit nOIlC; 1 - CCIopoqlllorit GapaGaR; 8 - KOm.neBalI pp}'IKIIBa; 9 - lIpaBId AOPomDITeJlh-
HId Gapalias; 10 - TPy6Ka; 11 - PBeBMOllpDBOA ppaBoro J\OPOJJHBTeJlbSoro liapaliasa; 11 - KY4I'r8; 13-
rnaBlDIA Ban; 14 - CTaRHHa C PPUBOAaMB; 15 - pseBMoppuBOA neBoro AOPOnHBTeJJhSoro liapaGasa; 16 - Melt-
TPOABBraTeJJh; 11 - PHcBMonpUBoA OlilKBIIIIOa KaMepw; 18,10 - PRCBMOPPUBOJUI OTKlIIUIoro ma6nosa; 19-
aJla C 4!urYPHbD« pa30M;
I - 118JJ0IKeHBe IIoPTOBWX nCST, enoeB KOPAa B POABOA KpwnbCB; II - PocaAKa KPIolJJbeB; III - 8aBOpa'lBJla.
HBe enOOB KOPAa sa neBoe U ppaBoe KpWJIbIl; IV - B03Bpalllesue AOPOJIHBTenbHblX 'lapaGasoB B BCXOAIIOe pona-
lKeHBe; V - lIanOlKeRHe ppOTeKTOpa; VI - oppeccoDKa UpOTeKTOpa; VII - ClKaTHe 6apaliaHoB. O'lBOJ: 01l1KB1lll-
soli K8MepWr<CRIITue COlipllRsOIt DOKPbIIIIKB C liapaliaRa); VIII - cGpoc colipassoll DOKpbIIIIHB.
...
:::
=
r.J
III
:::
=
r.J
:i
C'I
:::
=
r.J
:i
-
:::
=
r.J
IQ
o
14(1$
=
..0
QI4
=
i!!0
Q:3
!
:a
t ll
(1$1.
=;..
140)
III
ii
=51
:a
t
0.)8
=
IS=-
::r \g
Q
1011:
IS
E-,i't
CJ
l.
Q)
1=:111
=:.:
i 1
=-
I:I
I';Q)
8.\1
S
:2!
CO)
CJ
bb
G=
,.Q
I=:Q)
2!;1II
IIIQ)
Q)I!!=-
:21<.)...
CD >11:1 ...
00:
O)
=-0
H
::;!
:':
1:1
CJ
::I
:.:
;
=-
:.:
o
""
o
:2!
oN'cQ
... ... -
f I I
8
8
.. .. -....
\f:)""CCI
ON(Q':J:$
................
I I I
8
-iCf'i.rS
.
.
cc
OOg_
I I
'0 8
""a>
.
.
O
O
""
II
I
oci
o;oo
.;sCC
....................
I I I I I
8
8
cQ Cf)" ",," N ""
o;o;OO.;so;
....................
11111
8
cQ N Cf)"Cf)"
" C'I
C\1
I'; = =-
.
'
:
IIIOS=O
III
!.:J
!.O=H
!:.::
C" ='8
H = H
I=: i! .
o:
U iiI 'S
III
>< !.;;QI=:!.<.)
:21 .
= I:( = <.) := H
i
ii
J
=:':
01O:':'"
=1=:...10=0
<')__0
Cf)
Cf) "" _""
=- = >=
- - -
'!
5 :J
i <i'; =
IIII:(Q)
Q) ao=-o
=-0=:,:
=:.:a
...
-
--
....... -
- -
-
. :2bb 1:1: Nas
o a 10 Q) .
.
.
'
OO 0 = I:(
b
:<I°go
5 go
:.:
I I I I I I i '
I/:
!;
Oll:\aJ 8
880a3 .
IIII:I:
:=a
=
c::I =-cOcd'>ri"';
\f:)
°1:l:8.-'
'
'- .r;!.=-li<.)
I/:
\f:)\f:)\f:)CC.;scc=o H
a
!:Iml:( fTTiif
:':
:.:5I
",=
g
o ...po
; [,
!. g cO.rS cc' cd' .rS
C\1 =-
1=:;1/::=1=: =- _0
::;!
-
:':
I::
CJ
:.:
Q>
=-
:.:
g
:=a
o
o:s
eo
10
o
<.)
:21
=
:=
Eo<
:0::
a
:21
=-
I/:
o
c::I
i
=-
=
'8
:21
=-
<0
=
c..
III
:.:
=-
o
10
<.)
:21
i
=
=-
os
CD
I
:=a
<0
o
j;Q
.
.
.
\f:)
8
=...
J
.
.
,,">
CC
""
=
""
N
-
""
g
0)
r-.
0)
l' I
C\1 Eo<
'?
=
C\1Cf)"<I'O .-
S ...
-< e:.
=
.
..........('t) CW)
i
....
....
-
0\f:)\f:)1l:I
-1l:I0)
Il:I r-."<I' .
1l:I"'-"<I'
I
g,
ti
;
g,
:c
8
G>
:c
g,
o
'8
!
1:1
..
..
..
CC
..
=
Cf)
=
-
'=
:.:
!
I';
o
II
"'1 Eo<
'"' 0=
o
=-
Q)
JS
""
N 0)
Cf) 0ccr-.
NCf)
.
I=:;
0Eo<
o =
-<
;t 0
Cf) 0 00
Cf)
op
.." _ Eo<
o :::::
-<
0
0r-.
- -"
o r-.Cf)
""--
CI>
-
I
....
...
.;
g,
G>
:I
..
<IS
g,
ti
g,
:c
8
G>
:c
g,
o
g
cc. '8
r-.1l:Ir-."" III
....... Q.
I::
..
..
....
-
I
<:>
....
. '" . m 2 <D
i'
':=a
2
I!! '10 ';g1D 8-
<I> . = . 11:\
'
'cG,",,
i
.e:: g :!
:;g
' .
.go .!!: ..
t:: a
i9''8 .
g- .
:2!.:i
Q'o'l:I: 'C::;Q)cG'
0
.'-' .=
.:.:!H.::I/ =
,.Q.
.:
.
=-
1: ...
I=: =
o:s ,.QID<OI:I:=-' g,
Q).!E (ij'-' ."" 01=:. . 0
.<.)::1/=-= .g:!ID
<P 1
O5 '8
=-:=aIQ
=oi05 O5=S"" III
IDl>'tcGS8.05
II:\
=t
.
=""
,,,,:=a1>'5c::1
l:(alD
..
8.a::lIO
1D OS
t::
Eo<
:2!
YCTPODCTBOM ,nJIH T01JHOrO OTpe3aHliH repMeTII3HpYlOlIterO CJIOH II MeXaHD3MOM
«OAHoro 060POT8». HD)Re npDBe,neHa TeXHH1JeCKaH XapaKTepDCTDKa CTaBRa CnK-8:
PaSMepLl c06RpaeMLlX DOKpLImeK . . . . . 155-13; 7.40-14;
6.00-13; 6,70-15;
5.20-13; 5,60-15
co cxeMOU oopm
«2-0-
llpOlISBOAOTeJlbBOCTb (paC'IeTRaR), UOKPLl-
meK/'I . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3neKTpOABOraTeJlb opuBo.n;a rnaBBoro BaJia
TOO. . . . . . . . . . . . .
MOmROOTb, KBT .......
t.IacToTa BpameBBII rJlaBBoro Bana, 06/MOB
)\aBJleBBe BosAyxa, Mlla .
fa6apRTBLle paSMepLl, MM
.n;JlBBa .
IDBpOBa
BLlCOTa .......
Maua, T ..... '. '.
30-35
ll-41
3.2
0-100
0.5-0.6
3900
1250
1200
3.250
CTaHOK CllK-8 xapaKTepH3yeTcH 60JIbmoii npoD3Bo,nDTeJIbHOCTbIO H p;OCTaT01J-
Hoii CTeneHblO MexaHD3a
D aBToMaTII3a
HD. Ka1JecTBo BLlnOJIHeHDH C60P01JHLlX
onepaInIii xopomee D cTa6I1JI:6Boe. Ha HeM JlerKO D y,n06HO pa60TaTb. O,nHaKO CTaHOK
HMeeT HeKOTopLle He,nOCTaTKH. B 1JaCTHOCTD, Ha HeM Momuo c06Hpa1'b nOKpIoJmKH
TOJlbKO B ,nByxCJIoiiHOM HCnOJlHeHHD II TOJIbKO C OTKpLlTOB: CXeMOD: 60pTa «(2-0)}).
KpOMe Toro, HeCKOJIbKO CHDmaeTCH np01JHOCTb KapKaca BCJle,nC1'BBe YMeHbmeHHJI
B HeM 1JIICJIa ROp,nHHX HHTeu H B03MomHoro MeCTHoro pa3pemeHHJI HHTeB B Kap-
Race npD pa3$DMaHDH 6apa6aHa (B MeCTax Me)RAY ,nBYMH ceKTopaMH).
10.3.3. CraHKH AMI C60PKH rpysqBblx nOKpblweK
BLlme ynoMlIHaJIOCb, 1JTO nOKpLlmKII nHeBMaTH1JeCKHX WBH, HMelOlItDe no
BeCKOJIbKY KpLlJIbeB B 60pTax, MO}KHO c06HpaTb TOJlbKO Ha nOJIy,nopHOBLlX 6apa6a-
Hax, C01JeTalOm;IIX B ce6e aJleMeHTLI ,nopHa D nOJlynJlocKoro 6apaoaHa.
H3 MHOr01JHCJIeHHOii rpynnLl CTaHKOB BLlnycKa npe$HDX JleT ,nJIII C60PKII
rpysoBLlX H KpynHora6apHTHLlx nOKpLlmeK 6paCJIeTHLlM MeTo,nOM paccMoTpDM TO Jlb-
KO CTaHOK Cll):\-3M (pHC. 10.11). 3TOT CTaHOK cHa6meH nOJIy,nopHOBLlM 6apa6aHOM
D npe,nHa3Ha1JeH ,nJlH C60PKH nOKpLlmeK C nocs,n01JHLlM ,nHaMeTpOM no 060.ny OT
15,n0 24". CTaHHHa 13 H Bce OCHOBBhIe Y3J1bI CTaHK8 paSMem;eHLI Ha 06IQeii 4JYH,na-
MeHTHOU nJlDTe 16. B CTaBHBe CMOHTHpOBaHLI no,nmDnHHKH rJIaBHOrO BaJla 7, ero
npDBO,n H nHeBMonpDBo,nLl npaBoro 15 D JleBOro 4 ma6JIOHOB ,nJlH noca,nKH KpLlJIbeB.
Ha CTeHKe CTaHHHLI, 06palIteBBOii K MeCTY noca,nKD C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa, yKpen-
JleH TopM0314, )ReCTKO CBHsaHHLlii C cH,nHlIteB Ha rJIaBHOM BaJIy TOpM03HOD: BTYJIKOB:
9, KOTopaH, B CBOIO 01Jepe,nb, )ReCTKO coe,nllHeHa C MexaHDSMOM CKJIa,nLlBaHDH D pas-
BepTLlBaHDH C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa. Ha KpLlmKe CTaHDHLI paSMeIQeHa MeXaHH1JeCKaH
CKaJIKa 11 ,nJIH Ha,neBaHDH 6paCJIeTOB Ha 6apa6aH. Kam,nLlB: D3 ,nBYX HH)RHDX npDKaT-
1JHKOB 2 npHBo,nHTCH B ABDmeHlle OT DH,nHBD,nyaJlbHoro nHeBMOIJ,llJIHH,npa. ):\JIH 06-
;KlIMa KpOMOK 6paCJleTOB II npOTeKTopOB Ha 6apa6aHe CTaHOK cTa6)ReH npHKaT1JIIRaMH
CllCTeMbl JlanHHa. ):\JlH 3a,neJlKD 60pTOB nOKpLlmKII HCnOJIb3YlOTCH 6opToBLle npDKaT-
1JDKH 5 II npIlKaT1JHKH 1Je4Jepa 6. Bce 8TH yCTpoiicTBa DMelOT nHeBMaTD1JeCKDe H.iIH
8J1eKTpH1JeCKDe npHBo,nLl.
KpOMe CTaHKa Cn):\-3M B OTe1JeCTBeHHOii mHHHoii npOMLlJUJIeHHOCTH 8KcnJlya-
THpyeTcH pH,n CTaHKOB DS 8TOB me cepDD, npe,nHa3Ha1JeHHI>IX ,nJIH C60PKH rpy30BLlx,
CeJlbCKOXOSHBCTBeHBhIx D KpYOHora6apDTHLlX nOKpLlmeK ,nJIH THmeJILlX aBTOMO-
6DJIeii H CTpODTeJIbHLlX MamllH. B OCHOBHOM 8TO CTaHKH Cn):\-3B, Cll):\-3MC,
CII):\-02, CII):\A-51, CII):\C-1, Cn):\A-65. Ha Bcex CTaHKax, sa DCKJlI01JeHDeM
Cll):\-3MC, npHMeHHIOTCH TOJIbKO nOJIy,nopHOBLle 6apa6aHLI. BOJlbmaH 1JaCTb 8THX
332
MexaHH3M nOCa,nKH KpLlJlbeB COCTOHT D3 ,nByX 0AHBaKOBLlX 1JacTeii, CMOBTHpO-
BaHHLlX Ha KpOHWTeBHaX npaBoii H JleBoii CTOeK. IIocJle,nHHe nOJlyqalOT B03BpaTHO-
nocTynaTeJIbHOe ,nBH)ReHlle OT o,nHorO naeBMO
DJlDH,npa, paCnOJIO)ReHHOro nosa,nll
Hllmueii paMLI 3.
MexaHDsM 06)RaTDH CJIOeB Kop,na no nJle1JDKaM 6apa6aHa npe.naaSHa1JaeTCJI AJIH
'npe,nBapDTeJIbHorO 06)RaTDH CJIOeB Kop,na. OTJID1JlleM KOHCTPYR
IUI ,naHHoro Mexa-
BD3Ma HBJIHeTCJI npIDfeHeHDe BMeCTO TeKcponBhIX peMemKOB lIeTLlpex ROJlb-
eBLIX CnllpaJIbHLlX npY)RHB, BaTHHYTLlX Ha MeTaJlJID1JeCKDe )ReJl0611aTLle WKHBLI.
Me)R,ny cpe,nHDMD npymllHHLlMII KOJlb
aMH pacnOJlO)ReH 06)RHMHOB: POJIHK. IIpHBo,n
HexaHD3Ma OCYlIteCTBJIHeTCH OT naeBMOInIJlDH,npa.
CTaHoK cHa6)ReH nHTblO HO)RBLlMD ne,naJIHMH ynpaBJleH1lJl 2, KOTopLle pacno-
JIO)ReHLI Ha nepe,nHeu CTopOHe paMLI. ne,nam, oN! 1 CJlymHT ,nJIJI BKJlI01JeHDH BpalIteHIIH
<6apa6aBa (Bnepe,n Ha HHSKOii CKOpOCTD), oN! 2 - ,nJlH BKJlI01JeBHJI TopMosa npH CRJla-
.ALlBaHHH 6apa6aHa, oN! 3 - ,nJIH npeKpaIQeBHH nOJlyaBToMaTDlIecKoro
HRJla
pa60TLI H BKJII01JeHDH 6apa6aHa Ha Bpam;eBDe B 06paTHoM HanpaBJIeHIUI npD HIIS-
Koii D cpe,nHeu CKOpOCTD, oN! 4 - ,nJlH BKJlI01JeHDH nOJIyaBTOMaTD1JeCKOrO
HKJla pa-
<60TLI, oN! 5 - ,nJlH BLlKJII01JeHDH nOJIyaBTOMaTlI1JeCKoro
KJIa pa60TLI H BblRJIlOlIeHHH
6apa6aHa npH ero BpaIQeHDD Bnepe,n (npH HD3KOii II cpeAHeii CKOpOCTD).
Ha CTaHKe HMelOTCH ,nBe CDCTeMLI ynpaBJIeHHJI pa60Toii CTaHRa - pyqHaH
II nOJIyaBToMaTDlIeCKaH.
CHCTeMa pyqHoro ynpaBJIeHDJI XapaKTepD3yeTcH TeM, 1JTO ynpaBJIeHHe ,nBD-
)ReHDHMH 60PTOBLIX npDKaT1JIIR0B B pa,nDaJIbBOM D napaJlJleJlbBOM HanpaBJleBHJlX
no OTHomeHHIO K OCD BpalIteHHJI C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa OCYIQeCTBJlJleTCH BpyqHYIO
npD nOMOIQD KHOn01JBLlX nepeKJlI01JaTeJleii. ::hoii CHCTeMoii ynpaBJleHHH 1JaIQe Bcero
'DOJlb3YIOTCH npD HaCTpOUKe CTaHKa B cJlyqae nepexo,na Ha C60PKY nOKpLlmeR ,npy-
roro pa3Mepa, perYJIDpOBKH MexaHD3MOB D T. n.
CDCTeMa nOJlyaBToMaTD1JeCKOrO ynpaBJIeBDH C IICnOJlb30BaBDeM TaUMepa npH-
MeHHeTCH ,nJIH ynpaBJIeHDJI pa60TOH MexaHD3MOB npD c60pKe nOKpLUDeK. B 8TOM
oCJlYllae BeCb npo
ecc C60PKH pa3,neJleH Ha rpynnLl onepa
d, KOTopLle BLlnOJIHHIOTCH
oCOOTBeTCTBYIOIQHMH MexaHD3MaMH B YCTaHOBJleHHOH nOCJIe,nOBaTeJlhHOCTH.
CTaHOK M-55 4JDPMLI «):\. BpH,nm» MOmeT npHMeHHTbCJI ,nJlH C60PKD rpy30BLlX
nOKpLIweK C O,nHHM H C ,nBYMH KpLlJlbHMH B 60pTe. B cJlyqae C60PKD nOKpLlweK C o,n-
HDM KpLlJIOM B 60pTe npHMeHHeTCH nOJlynJIOCKHii C60P01JHLlB: 6apa6aH; BMeCTO npH-
KaT01JHLlX ,nIlCKOB (Ha MexaHDSMe 60PTOBLIX npHRaT1JDKOB) yCTaHaBJlDBalOTCH npHKa-
"TOqHLle pOJIHKH 601JK006pa3Horo TDna, HanOMHHalOIQHe no npo4JHJIIO npDKaT1JIIKH
TaHKa ,nJIH C60PKH JIerKOBLlX nOKphUUeK. IIpD aTOM nepeCTpaDBaeTCH D KDHeMaTDKa
.,l\BHiKeHHH npBKaT1JHKOB. CIICTeMa nOJIyaBToMaTlI1JeCKoro ynpaBJleHDH TaK)Re
H8CTpaHBaeTCH B COOTBeTCTBHII C npo
eCCOM C60PKH, T. e. ,nJlH C60PKH nOKpLlmeK
C O,nHDM KpLlJIOM Ha nOJIynJlocKoM 6apa6aHe DJIH C ,nBYMH KpLlJlbHMII Ha nOJly,nop-
BOBOM 6apa6aHe, TaK KaK npo
ecc C60PKII H nOCJle,nOBaTeJlbBOCTb BLlnOJlHeHHH
onepa
HH B Kam,nOM cJlY1Jae pa3J1D1JBhI.
HHiKe npHBe,neHa KpaTKaH TeXHlI1JeCKaJl xapaKTepllCTHKa c60po1JBoro CTaHKa
M-55 4JIIPMLI «):\. BPD,n)R»:
MeTO
C60pKO
,C60po'IRLIB 6apa6aB
mo ......
. .
. nocnOBJILIH
H 6paCneTBLlB
CKnaALIBaIO-
mOHCR
nony,nopBO-
BLIii *
UPOtOJIb DJlequKOB
MaKCOManbBLlii ARaMeTp (DO OOKpLImKe,
co6paBBOB Ba 6apa6aae), MM 883.5
pas.u;BDr One'IBKOB, MM
MaKCBManbBLIii ... 738
MOBBManbBLIii 407
335
qacTOTa BpameBBII, 06/08
RBSKa1l........
cpe;n:BRa .......
BLICOKaR .......
MaKcoMoJIbuaa II1JIpOBa cnoa I<OPA8, MM
AOaMeTP 60PT3, MM
OABORpLIJIbeBOB OORpLImRO
MaKCJJMaJlbHLIii .. . . .
MRBOMaJlbHLlH .....
;n:ByxKpLlJlbeBOU nOKpLImKB
M8KCBMaJlbBLlH . . . . .
MHBDMaJlbBLIii ......
llpOOSBOABTeJlLBOCTb sa 8 q Dpn c60pKe DO-
ItpLImeK 260-508, mT. ....
fa6apJJTHLle paaMepLl, MM
AJlJiJHa
mOpJJBa
BLlCOTa .
Macea, T . .
'.
40
153
252
1118
622
457
559
508
30-35
4310
1875
2236
4.1
* npR a8MeHe IIICX8HR3118 60PTOBIoIX DPRK8TQBKOB Dpotf)RJI& DJleQIt-
HOII DOJlYDJlOCKd.
):\JIHTeJIbHaH 3KCnJIyaTa
JfH CTaHKOB M-55 B npoH3Bo,ncTBeHBLlx yCJIOBDHX
D03BOJIDJIa BLlHBDTb JfX npelIMym.ecTBa D Be,nocTaTRII.
R npeuMylIteCTB8M CT8HKa MomHO OTHeCTH HaJIH1JHe Cne
DaJIbHLlX MexaBD3MOB
Ii CHCTeMbI nOJlyaBTOMaTJI1JeCKOrO ynpaBJleHDH onepa
DHMH C60PKD, 06eCne1JBBa-
IODI.HX cTa6DJIbHOe Ka1JeCTBO 3TUX onepaInIii; yHDBepCaJlbHOCTb, n03BOJlHIOIQaH c06u-
paTb 60JIbmoii accopTHMeHT DOKpb1meK (no noca,nollHoMY ,nlfaMeTpy 60pTa D npo4JlI-
JIIO); BLlCOKaH npoD3BOADTCJ1bDOCTL DPH 3Ha1JDTeJlbHOM 06JIer1JeHDH ycnoBDii Tpy,n8
C60pIl\HKa.
B TO )Re BpeMH CTaBKY npIlCYDI.D HeAOCTaTKD, aUaJlOrD1JHLle Be,nOCTaTRaM CT8HK8
M-56. RpOMe Toro, AJIH BbtDOJIHeHHH O,nHOB H3 OCHOBHhIX D Tpy,noeMKIIX onepa
-
06maTIfH KpaeB nepBLlX CJIOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa6aBa He06xo,nHMO nOBepx-
HOCTb DJIellllROB npOMa3L1BaTb CYXHM pe3HHOBb1M RJleeM, a 3aTeM ,nJlH CHHTBH no-
RpLlml<H C 6apa6aHa npDxo,nHTCH SaJIIIBaTb 6eH311H Me)RAY 60pTOM H nJIe1JHKOM
6apa6aHa.
ho npHBo,nHT K CHumeHDIO npODSBOAHTeJIhBOCTD D pe3KOMY YXYAIlleUHIO
YCJIOBJIii Tpy,na. IT03TOMY 1JaCTO STy ODepa
HIO BbIHym,neHLI BLlDOJlHHTb Bpy1JHYIO.
BeJIHKH 8KCnJIyaTa
lIoBHLle pacxo,nb1 H CTODMOCTb CT8HKa.
MOAepHB3upoB8HBye CT8BRB «JtUpMY «,fl;. BpllA)J()). ¥1JIIThIBaJi nepe1JllCJIeB-
HLle Be
OCTaTKII CTaBKa M-55, 4JHpMa B nOCJIe,nHHe ro)I.J>1 no,nBeprJIa ero Mo,nepHD3a-
UII. B HaCTOJl
ee BpeMH ,nJIH C60PKII rpyaOBLlx nOKpLlmeK BLlDYCKalOTCH CTaHKB
M-59 , M-59H D M-91.
10.3.3.2. CTaHKH AnI! C(iOpKH rpysoBbiX nOKpblweK
c saAenKoA (iOPTOB Ha HenOA8H)f(HOM (iapa(iaHe
OCBoeHlle B CCCP npoH3Bo,ncTBa nHeBMaTH1JecKllx mHH D3 pe311B0BLlX cMeceii
ua OCHOBe 100% Cft, HMelODI.HX nOHH)ReBBYIO KJleHKOCTb, 06YCJIOBIIJIO COOTBeTCTBYIO-
IItlle TpOOOBaBlIH K C60p01JHOMY 060pY,!(OBaHIIIO. ¥Clf.1IIIH KOHCTpyKTOpOB 6L1JIH Ha-
npaBJIeHLI Ha TO, 1JT06L1 npll coxpaHeHHH npOH3Bo,nHTeJIhHOCTH 060py,nOBaHIIH 3Ha-
1JlITeJIbHO nOBLlCHTb np01JHOCTb CBII3H Me)R
y ,neTaJIHMII nOKphUUKH nYTeM YBeJIlI-
1JeHHH YCIIJIHH II BpeMeBD npeCCOBaHHH npll c60pKe. KpOMe Toro, He06xOAIIM0 6L1J10
TaKme YJIY1JllillTb YCJIOBIIH Tpy,na C60pIQHKa.
HaH60JIee ycnemHo 9TH 3a,na1JH MOfJIH 6L1Tb pemeHLI npn ,naJIbHeiimeM YCOBep-
meHCTBOBaHHII C60P01JHhIX CTaHKOB, y ROTOpLlX onepa
HH no sa,neJIKe 60pTOB no-
KpbIIlIKH BLlDOJIBHIOTCH Ba Beno,nBHmHOM 6apa6aHe. II08TOMY eIQe B cepe,nIlHe 50-x
ro,nOB B HayqHo-lIccJle,noBaTeJIbCKOM HBCTIITYTe mllHHoii npoMLlmJIeHBOCTH
336
(HHHmII) no,n PYKOBO,nCTBOM B. A. IIHBerllHa 6W1 paSpa60TaH yaHBepCaJlbHLlB
MexaHD3M ,nJlH BLlnOJIHeHDH OCBOBBLIX onepa
Hii C60PKII rpyaoBLlx nOKphUUeK Ha
nOJIYAOpHOBOM 6apa6aHe. B 8TOM MexaHBSMe npllKaTKa saMeHeHa npeCCOBaHDeM,
6J18rO,napH 1JeMy SBa1JDTeJlbHO YBeJlH1JIIJlaCb npO,nOJl)J(HTeJlbHOCTb ,neBCTBDH ,naBJle-
HDH Ba .ny6J1BpyeMLle nOBepXHOCTD ,neTaJleB nOKpLlIURD D COKpaTDJIaCb 06IQaH
npO,nOJl$DTeJlbHOCTb BhInOJIHeHHH Bcex onepa
d no 3a,neJlKe 60pTa.
¥BBBepcaJIbBWii MexaBH3M AM saAemm 60pTOB OORpWWKH Ba BeoOABDmBOM
oOJIyAOpOOBOM 6apa6aBe. MexaBD3M BL1nOJlBHeT CJIe,nYIOlItlle onepa
DII: 06mHMKY
CJlOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa6aHa, nOca,nKy RpLlJlbeB, saBepTLlBaHne CJIOeB KOp,n8:
1 [[1
II
Poco 10.13. 'YBoaepcaJIbBLIii MexaaOSM Ana S
eJIKn 60pTOB DOKpLImKD Ba OOJlYAOPROBOM Be..
DO
BO»CBOM 6apa6aae:
1 - pacnopllh1A pbl'lar; 2 - P8cDopRall K8Mepa; a - (ioPTOBol poJIJU(; 4 - R8DPaBnllIO
RR ABCK; ,S - WTI>/pb;
/I - 06IRHMHall KaMepa; 7 - ponRK pbl'l8P8; 8 - npymBRa; 9 - pe8BIIOBwI IDHYP: 10 - o61RIIMHoi pbl'lar,
11.- KonoAKa; 12 - pC3HROBoe KOm.
O; 18 - ma6nOH; 14 - yuopRoe Konbl{O; 16,20 - DRCRMOQHJJIfRAPLI:
1/1 - mT8HI'8 OrpaRBQRTeJJII; 17.18.19 - COOTDeTCTBeRBO nepBD, BTOpol B TJ)eTBi 41BKc8TOp",; 21 - ABI/Nlle-
peRQBanbllh1A DlleBMoUIUlBHAP; 22 - DReBMouummAP 41BKcaTOpoB; sa - ceKTOp.
Ba KpLlJIO, nOABepTLlBaHHe BHYTPb KOH
OB nOCJIe,nHIIX CJlOeB KOp,na H 60pTOBOii
JIeHTLI, onpeCCOBKY 3TDX KO
OB no BBYTpeHHeMY nepHMeTpy 60pTa, saKaTKY KOH-
OB 60pTOBOB JleHTLI sa HOCOR 60pTa, 06$IIMKY 60KOBHH npoTeKTopa II onpeccoBKY
DX no 60pTY nOKpLlmKII.
K rJIaBHbIM Y3JIaM YHlIBepCaJIbHOro MexaBIISMa (pDC. 10'.13) OTHOCHTCH: CHCTeMa
06$HMHLlX pLl1Jaron 10, KOJIb
eBaH CDllpaJlbBaH npy$lIBa 8 C YCBJIlIBaIOID;IfM ee
peaHBOBLIM mHypoM 9, KOTopLle H8XO,nHTCJI Ba ceKTopax 29, nepeMelItalOIQHXCH
B pa,nHaJIbBOM BanpaBJIeHHII paCDopHLlMH pLl1JaraMH 1; pacnopBaH pe311HoTKaHeBaH
KaMepa 2; 06$IIMHaH pe3HHOBaH KaMepa 6 ,nJIH ODpecCOBKR 60pTa nOKpbImKH.
CllcTeMa 06$DMHLlX pL1l1arOB 10, KOJIb
eBaH npymHH8 8, 06i1<IIMHaH KaMepa 6
H ma6JIOH 19 AJIH nOCa,nKH KpLlJlbeB MOryT BLlDOJlHJlTb onepa
IIH caMOCTOHTeJIbHO
D BO B3aHMo,neBcTBHII C ,npyrHMH Y3JIaMH.
IIpHBO,nLl Y3JlOB MexaHD3Ma DHeBMaTHCfeCKDe. )J.JlH ma6JIOHa 19 npHMeHHeTCH
06L11JBLlB nHeBM6
ILTIDHAP 20, a ,nJIH npllBo,na pYlIaatHoro M8xaHD3Ma - ,nn4J4JepeH-
22 3aR8a 163 337
.., t!""''''
tg",ts.t:
n e
8 S
8'1"8'l»go
8: a
rll
,laP
iil!i
"'i:g, ;
agog:
",II =i g
"0:i
"8
i
II
DI
i
"'=.
Jr <»
=.:0: ",..M
.... !:i
g
::!
i
8::1
..
"'''iE",i
i 8'=
=
"'.. .,
s:: eo" "':I
Q,
= I ii
B.I::
1:1 "!"':i=.'
!e=
g
Q,
",!",I"
.g .. =':0: 8'''' f;
1 0 ..=.
::::
.. :ff....
.." "- ! .....&a!s.S
(,j I
i8"
t'" 5 I
110 5""'0
'"
=:0:=....
II: :g,:lS58:t"(,j
:i1O
o:g,"i
..",=:0:"'8
; :::O:III"'
i
fa
8 '" !G
,J III ",
e..o
:= :;go","::==
; = 0 ='gJ =.
'" 11Ot:(:O:1I
2" 0 .,.,
..... i= 0::
I i"S.
c
"'
"'eo
'<> ':'!: "'
=. ..
... =. ...,
t , /' 2!
., g:g,,g
, . Q,0015
F r- I
S"'II
"
. ""......')
, lit. .;.,.
--
iil
:i
J f
I U
i
"o",8'
,J !. 5
..B8'a
=="0°
«I "1I1:i t =
i = '" =.11 I
H t
i...
1-'1 Q ='5 (1" 5"
II: 8",
I 0"
«I =.., =
..., F
... :? !2 let..",
1'1 .. 8:8::U
«I '" "'8
i'". t
,;
m:i5&..t
;r:I:g,g
0'" 10 0
Q,
f!:g
t:: = O""!:i
. ., ci I
...,
..
i"5h"
.... t:( ..00::
o 0
:i08:ic
.....
:IS i =
= i
u ==..
! go I
111 I I =.0... 0
g. ..... =':0: 111..10
OCBOBHoe OTJlII1JHe MeXaHDSMa ,nJlH 06pa60TKD 60pTa CTaBKOB CII):\-8H II
.enA-10 OT yallBepCaJIbHOrO MexaBII3Ma IIIIBerDHa SaKJII01JaeTCH B TOM, 1JTO ,nJlJl pa3-
)RDMa KOJlb
eBOB CnllpaJlbBOB: npY)RIIHLlI8 pacnopHLle pbl1Jam 5 npHBo,nHTCH B ,neH-
CTBlle He nHeBMaTH1JeCKOB KaMepOB, a nopmHeM 13 KOJlb
eBOro nHeBMO
HJIIIH,npa. 7.
BCJIe,nCTBDe aToro D3MeHIIJIDCb BsaHMo,neBCTBlle D tlJopMa pLl1JarOB MexaHH3Ma.
IIHLlMII CTaJlD H TpaeKTopHH ,nBD)ReHIIH pacnopHLlX phI1JarOB 5. HanpaBJlHIO
lIii
,nIlCK 6L1JI saMeHeB CIiCTeMOB opHeBTDpYIOIItDX 16 D HeCY
IIX 17 pLl1JarOB. IIo KDHe-
MaTDKe II ROBCTPYKTDBHOMY otIJopMJleHIIIO MexaHDSM 06pa60TKH 60pTa CTaJI ,npyrllM
npD TOM me BLlnOJlHeHHII TeXBOJIorH1JeCKnX onepa
nu.
TexHDlIecKaH xapaKTepllCTDKa HaD60Jlee pacnpocTpaHeBHblx CTaHKOB ,nJIH
C60PKII rpY30BLlX nOKpLlmeK 6paCJIeTHLlM MeTo,nOM C 3a,neJIKOB 60pTOB Ha Heno-
..I
BlliI\HOM 6apa6aHe npDBe,neHa HD)Re:
PaSMepLl c06upaeMLlX OOKpLlllIeK
npOOSBO
BTenbBOCTb, nrr/TJ. . . .
PasMepLl C60pO'lBOro 6apa6aBa, )fJr[
ABaMeTp . . . . . . . . . .
mopDBa . . . . . . . . . .
'IacTOTa BpameBoa, o6/MUB
nOCaAO'lRLlB AoaMeTp rJlaBBOrO Bana
BOA C60PO'lBLlB 6apa6aB, MM . . .
AaBneooe c»caToro Boa
yxa B Marn-
TPaJlB, Mna ..........
3neKTpOABOraTenn opBBoAa
rnaBBoro Bana
THO . . . . . . .
MOmROOTb, KBT
qaCTOTa BpameBD1J, 06/MmI
BWKBOX OpHKaT'lBKOB
THO . . . . . . . . . . .
MOmBOCTb, KBT .....
qaCTOTa BpameBoa, 06/MlfB
ra6apoTBLle paaMepLl, MY
AnOBa .
nmpDBa
BLlOOTa
l\Iacca, T
en,n-3HM en,n-sH
210-20; 10,50-20;
260-20; 11,00-20;
7.50-20; 12.00-20;
8.25-20; 320-20
9.00-20;
10.00-20
3.5- 3.15 **
660; 675 675; 695
300-650 550-625
75; 225 75; 225
70 70
0.6 0,6-0.7
nH-85 n-61
5.6 6.0
500; 1000; 1000
1500
AO-32-4 AOJl2-2t-4
1.0 1.1
1410 1400
5000 4700
2100 2050
1950 1700
5.173 5.700
* PaSMep DOKplll1JJJl1I 260-20.
** PasMep DOKplolDlKII 11,00-20.
PaCCMOTpeHHLle BhIme CTaBRII CII):\-5IIM, CII,I(-8H II CII):\-10 ,nJlH C60PKII
rpysoBLlX nOKpLlmeK xapaKTepD3YIOTCH 60JIbmOB CTeneHblO MeXaHII3a
HII, 6JIaro-
AapH 1JeMY OTna,naeT Heooxo,nHMOCTb B.npDMeHeHHII pyqHoro Tpy,na ,nJlH BLlnOJI-
BeHHH Han60JIee THmeJILlX onepa
Bii: no oGpa60TKe 60PTOB nOKpLlmKII. Ha 8TH X
CT8HK8X c06DpalOTCH nOKphUUKD xopomero Ka1JeCTBa, 1JTO oc06eHHO BamBO npll
DCnOJIb30BaHIIH pe3HB C HIISKOB KJleBKOCTblO Ha OCHOBe CDHTeTD1JeCKDX KayqyKOB.
Ho BMeCTe C TeM CTaHKD HMelOT ,nBa cYIQeCTBeHHbIX He,nocTaTKa. Bo-nepBLlx, OHD
paCC1JJiITaHLI Ba 6paCJleTHLlB: MeTO,n COOPKII, KOTOphIB B nOCJle,nHDe ro,nLl BLlTeCHHeTCH
60JIee nporpeccDBHLlM nOCJIOBHLlM )feTo,noM. BO-BTOPLlX, CIICTeMa 8J1eKTpOnHeBMa-
TH1JeCKOrO ynpaBJleHIIH CTaHKOM YCTapeJIa H B cOBpeMeHHLlx CTaHKax Be npDMe-
UHeTCH. BOT nOlleMY nepe1JDCJleHHLle CTaHKH nOCTeneHHO 38MeHHIOTCH cTaHKaMII,
Ba KOTOpLlX rpysoBLle nOKpLlmKD c06HpalOT nOCJIOBULIM MeTo,noM.
CT80KH AJIH COopo rpysoBblx oORpblweR nOCJlOiiHblM MeTOAOM C oopaoOTKoii
OOpTOB H8 ueno,nBIDKIIOM oapaoaHe. K TaKIIM CTaHKaM OTHOCHTCH CTaHKH CII):\II-9H,
::J40
Cll):\ 660-1100 (Cll):\-14M), Cll):\ 675-950 (Cll):\Y-651I), CII):\ 750-1100 (All):\-1I3),
.Cll):\-970-1500 (110-04A) H Cll):\ 1150-1900 (Cll):\-68R-1).
C TaB 0 K CII):\ 675-950 (CII):\Y-65J1) HBJIHeTCH MexaHH3HpOBaHHLlM H aBTO-
MaTH3HpOBaHHLlM CTaHKOM, OTBe1JaIOIQHM COBpeMeHHLlM Tpe60BaBHHM. Ha HeM Mom-
BO c06HpaTb ,nHarOHaJIbHLle nOKpLlmKH H KapKaCLI pa,nHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK. 3TOT
,CTaBOK 6L1JI TaKme pa3pa60TaH B HIIJlillII no,n PYKOBO,nCTBOM B. A. IIHHerHHa.
061Itee YCTPOHCTBO CTaHI(a Cll):\ 675-950 (Cll):\Y-651I) HCHO H3 pHC. 10.16.
OH OCHalIteH HOBLlMH YHHBepCaJIbHLlM1I MexaHHSMaMH ,nJIH 06pa60TK1I 60pTOBOB 1Ja-
CTH nOKpLlmKH H ,nJIH npHKaTK1I ,neTaJIeH nOKpLlmKIl Ha C60p01JHOM 6apa6aHe.
IIoCKOJIbKY aBaJIOrH1JBhIe MexaHH3MLI 1IMelOTCH H Ha ,npyrHx HOBLIX CTaHKax, pac-
CMOTp1lM HX YCTPOBCTBO HeCKOJII>KO no,np06H
e.
YHHBepCaJIbHLle MexaBH3MLI, npe,nHa3Ha1JeHHLle AJIH 06pa60TKH 6opToB AHa-
rOHaJIbHOH nOKpLlmKH, HeJIb3H 6L1JIO HcnOJIb30BaTb ,nJIH 06pa60TKH 60pTOB nOKpLl-
meK THna P. 3TH MexaHH3MLI Hym,naJIHCb B KopeHHoM H3MeHeHHH KOHCTPYR
.
7
J
3
PDC. to.t6. CTaDoK CnA 675-950 (CnAY-65H) AJlJI c()opu rpyaoBLlX DOKplmJeK:
1 - npaBaR CTaRIIBa; Z - DpRBO.Q OapaOaaa; 8 - TOpM03 6apaOaaa; 4 - nym.T YDpaBJIeBBJI; S - MexaHB8111
88Bopa'IRBamtJI 1'/ DpI'/KaTKB CIoPTOBOI nellTlol; 6 - MexaBB8M npRKaTKR; 7 - neBall CTaHRBa; 8 - cjI11KCB-
P1JOlitee JCTPOICTBO; 9 - MexaBB8M oOpaCloTKII CIoPTa.
He06xo,n1lMOCTb H3MeHeHHH KOHCTpyK
H1I YHHBepC8JIbHLIX MeX8H1I3MOB ,nJIH 06pa-
-60TKII 60pTOB KapKaCOB nOKpLlmKH THna P Ha HenO,nBHmHOM 6apa6aHe BLl3BaHa TeM,
1JTO BCe KOp,nHLle HIITH B KapKaCaX B OTJIII1JHe OT KapKaCOB 06L11JHLlX nOKpLlmeK
paCnOJIOmeHLI napaJIJIeJIbHO, a He nepeceKalOTCH. llp1l 06pa60TKe 60pTa nOKpLlIJIeK
arOHaJIbBOB: KOHCTpyK
HII Ha nOJIy,nopBOBOM 6apa6aBe CKJIa,nKH Be 06pa3YIOTCH,
TaK KaK npH 06maTIIII CJIOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa6aHa yrOJI HaKJIOHa HIlTeD:
nJIaBHO YMeHhmaeTCH H TaK>Ke nJIaBHO COKpalItaeTCH 3a30p MemAY HHTHMH. IIpll
SaBOpa1JHBaHHH me KpaeB Kop,na Ha KpLlJIO yrOJI HaKJIOBa HHTeB nOCTeneHHO B03pa-
CTaeT, H ,nJIHHa MaTepHaJIa no KpalO CJIOH He 1I3MeHHeTCH (OCTaeTCII nepBOHa'laJIbHOH).
llpH c60pKe pa,nHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK, KOf,na H1ITH CJIOeB Kop,na napaJIJIeJII>HI>I
06pa3YlOIQ1IM 6apa6aHa, 06maTb JIemaIQHB Ha 6apa6aHe CJIOB: AO pa3Mepa 60pToBoro
KOJIb
a, a saTeM npH 3aBOpa1JHBaHH1I Ha KpLlJIO ,noBecTH ABaMeTp KpOMKII C;JIOH ,no
Hcxo,nHoro 6e3 06pa30BaHHH CKJIa,noK HeB03MomHO. IIoaToMY, 1JT06L1 HCKJII01J1ITI>
B03HHKHOBeHHe 60JII>mHX HepoBHLlx CKJIa,noK, 6L1JI paspa60TaB HOBLIB MexaBH3M,
IWTophIii 06eCne1JHJI YRJIa,nKY MaTepHaJIa (np1l 06maTHH CJIOeB) C 06pa30BaBHeM MeJI-
KHX II pOBBhIX rotIJpoB.
):\JIH 06pa30BaHHH rotIJpoB B HOBOM YHIIBepCaJIbHOM MexaBH3Me, npHMeHHeMoM
AJIH C60PKH KapKacoB nOKpLImeK THna P (P1lc. 10.17, a), Mem,ny 06mllMHLlMH pLl1Ja-
'I'aM1I 4 pa3MeIQeHLI ,nonOJIHlITeJIbHLle pLl1JarH 3 II KpOMe KOJIb
eBOH CDHpaJII>HOH
DpymHBhI 17, nocameHHoH Ha pacnopHLle pLlQarH 2, lIMeeTCH BTOpaH KOJIb
eBaH
341
:!:!
;t
Ie
I
<0
...,
I '
g
;
gol
=0.
g."
I:tiii
;.!
I!i
..,
ij..!!
Q"S!
t.:)
..t
a
.8
,aC.>
'0. 1
:a..
..ID ,...
11:°
.!=.
= ...=
10
&;
!. Ie> ,I>.
.! cs:o.1a"
_ :a...
:I!!
...
g
"II:
2 :aU
So III >.1:1.
o a Coli:
;.:.. 5= , 5
"= 'C c:( 0:
0""" , ...
t:I cD ...
cD lII ..... Q
III
0;;5
11:1 a. 5a
Q,
!:I!!
:r:
:O::cD===-
g;
I
.,.. !E":O:
og'" I
8 If'"
00.......
10 1:1 ..
.
11:1 cD \;; Q,
=
5f
!!l0 t:Ioo,,"
«I:O::.
I
to = Ute
= = g
og::
t::( u (;.11:
.......ISI II: g II
II:I 31
::&! t = Co
<O !E 0 "'=
11:110 c:(,'te
III 0 If.
=ISI"
go
>!SIIII 5f
:118,Q,@O:
,!c
:
r...
5.A
c;> II:
.:i
: 5
=:
gC.>
i III
. !.
oo=
'8 c;;,;..
. >0,"::1
<:>cD=
.... :;;r Q,;zs'"
.
Q,C:'
I g I &
t:l.1SI ..
:=!a
=
I=t
=
t.:)
......
<:>
>t)
cp
>t)
r-.
cc
cD
:0::
=
t
COHpaJIbHaH opymHHa. 3Ta opymHHa COCTaBJIeHa HS OT,neJIbHHX npymHHoK 15,
Ha,neTLlX Ha naJIb
L114, Haxo,nHIItHeCH Ha KOH
ax 06mHMHLlx pLl1JarOB.
B HOBOM MexaHHSMe pacnopHaH KOJII>
eBaH npymHHa 17, KaK II KOJIb
eBaH
opymHHa Ha 06mHMBLIx pbI1JaraX, ,nBHmeTCH pa,nHaJII>HO. 3TO ,naeT BOSMOmBOCTI>
COXpaBlITb n01JTH nOCTOHHHLlM HX BSaHMHOe paCOOJIOmeHHe npll 06maTHH CJIOeB
Kop,na H TeM caMLlM 06eCOe1JHBaeT xopomylO 06pa60TKY 60pTOB nOKpblmKII. IIepe-
MelIteHHe KOJIb
eBOH paCnOpHOB: npymHHLI 17 no pa,nHYCy ,nOCTllraeTCH TeM, 1JTO
-ABHmeHHe pacoopHLlM pLl1JaraM 2 c0061ItaeTCH He pacnopHOH peSHBOBOB KaMepOH,
RaK B yallBepCaJIbHLlX MexaBII3Max HIiIiIDII Ba CTaHKax CII):\-4M, CII):\-5IIM
It ,np., a KOJIb
eBLlM nopmaeM 19, KaK B CTaHKe CII):\-8fl.
,I(BHmeHlle ,nonOJIHHTeJIbHLlM phI1JaraM 9 C006IQalOT TaKme pacnopHLle pLl1JarH 2.
IIocJIe,nBHe CBOHMII BLlcTynaMII npH c06cTBeHHoM ,nBllmeHHH no,n ,neHcTBHeM KOJIb-
eBoro nopmHR 19 TOJIKalOT H ,nonOJIHlITeJIbHLle pLl1JarH 9, TaK KaR OCII 7 ,nonOJIHH-
'TeJIbHLlX pLl1JarOB Haxo,nHTCH Ha pacnopBLlX pLl1Jarax 2.
Bech YHHBepCaJIbBLlH MexaHHSM CMOBTHpOBaH B Kopoyce 1. TaK KaK yaHBep-
CaJIbHLlH MexaHH3M, Hs06pameHHLlB Ha pHC. 10.17, a, paapa60TaB ,nJIH CTaHKa
Cll):\ 675-950 (CII):\'Y-651I), npeAHaSHa1JeBHOrO ,nJIH C60PKII nOKpblmeK nOCJIOB-
BbIM MeTo,nOM, Ha Kopoyce Ha,n MexaHHSMOM CMOHTHpOBaH AOnOJIHHTeJIbHLlB 6apa-
6aH 5, KOTOpLlH MOmeT cB060AHo BpaIQaTbCJI Ba Tpex 06oiiMax. ):\JIH npHmaTHR AO-
nOJIHHTeJIbHOrO 6apa6aBa K C60p01JHOMY 6apa6aHY CJIymaT npymHHLI 11, a ,nJIH pas-
rpySKII ynopHoro 60pTa - TpB no,nmHnHHKa 10.
CxeMa 06pasoB8HBH rotIJpoB npH 06maTHB HOBLIM yaHBepCaJIbHLlM MexaHHS-
MOM CJIOeB KOPAa no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa6aHa nOKasaHa Ha pHC. 10.17, 6.
'YBBBepcaJIbIlWH MexaBHaM ,nJIH npllKaTKII ,neTaJIeH nOKphlllIRB Ba C60po1JBOM
Gapa6aBe. 3TOT MexaHII3M (pHC. 10. 18, a) COCTOHT H3 pa3MelIteHHLlX Ha KapeTKax 7
-ABYX 0AIIHaKOBLlX 1JaCTeB, KOTopLle MoryT nepeMelItaTbCH no BanpaBJIHlOlItHM 9,
pacnOJIOmeHHLlM Ha 061IteH paMe 1. ):\BHmeHHe 8TH 1JaCTH MexaHBSMa nOJIyqalOT
()T xo,nOBoro BHHTa 2 (c JIeBOH H npaBoH pe3b60H).
IIpHKaT01JHLle pOJIHKB 5 MOryT npHKaTLlBaTb
BJIBH,npH1JeCKYIO H 60pToBLle
1JaCTB nOKpLlmKH. 3TO CTaJIO B03MomHLlM 6JIarOAapH HaJIH1JHIO pLl1JamHO-mapBHp-
BLIX MexaHHaMOB 4 C Ka1JaIOIQHMBCH nHeBMO
HJIIIHApaMH 6 H MaCJIHHLlX ,neMotlJe-
pOB Ha KapeTKax 7, no,n ,neHcTBBe.M KOTOpLlX II ocylIteCTBJIHeTCH npllmaTBe pOJIBKOB
K nOBepXHOCTH 6apa6aHa.
BpalIteHBe xo,nOBoro BHHTa 2 ,nJIH nepeMelIteHHH KapeTOK 7 C npHKaT01JHLlMB
MexaHH3MaMH OCYIQeCTBJIHeTCH OT 3JIeKTpOnpHBOAa (Ha pllC. 10.18 He nOKasaH).
YnpaBJIeHHe pa60TOB: yallBepCaJIbHLlX npHKaT1JHKOB npoB3Bo,nIlTCH C nyJIbTa ynpaB-
JIeHHH.
YHHBepCaJII>HLlB: MexaHHSM npHKaTKH pa60TaeT cJIe,nYIOIItHM 06pa30M. llpH
npllKaTKe CJIOeB KOPAa (nOJIOmeHHe I Ha pHC. 10.18, 6) no
HJIIIH,npH1JeCKOB 1JaCTII
C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aBa nOCJIe HamaTHH KHonKH «IIycK» no,naeTCH cmaTLlH B03,nyX
B nOJIOCTI> a BepTBKaJIbHLlX
HJIHH,npOB Ha KapeTKax 7 B nOJIOCTb b Ka1JaIOIItHXCH
BHeBMO
HJIHH,npOB 6. OAHOBpeMeHHo Ha1JHHaeT BpalItaTbCH C60P01JHLlH 6apa6aH.
MacJIo B ,neMntIJepax BepTIIKaJIbHbIX
BJIBH,npOB nepeoyCKaeTCH 1Jepe3 06paTHLle
KJIanaHLI. llpHKaT01JHLle pOJIBKH 5 nOAHHMalOTCH BBepx B npHmHMalOTCH K nOBepx-
BOCTH BpalItalOlIterOCH C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa. BKJII01JaeTCH 3JIeKTpOnpBBOA Mexa-
BHaMa npBKaTKH, H pOJIHKB 5 pacxo,nHTCH OT cepe,nHHLI 6apa6aHa K ero KpaHM,
ocylIteCTBJIRH opBKaTKy CJIOeB H npe,nBapHTeJII>HOe HX o6maTHe no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa-
6aHa. llocJIe 3Toro npHKaT01JBLlH MexaHB3M aBTOMaTH1JeCKH BLlKJII01JaeTCH.
llpH npBKaTKe 3aBepHyTLlX Ha KpLlJIO CJIOeB Kop,na nOCJIe HamaTBH KHonKH
«DycR» npHKaT01JHLle pOJIBKH 5 npB)I(1IMalOTCH K 60PTY nOKpLlmKB (nOJIOmeHHe II
Ha pHC. 10.18, 6) H BKJII01JaeTCH 6apa6aH. Boa,nyx 113 nOJIOCTeH a BepTHKaJIbHLlX
HJIHHAPOB nepe,naeTCH B nOJIOCTH C. IIpHKaT01JHLle pOJIHKH 5, Me,nJIeHHO onYCKaHCb,
npHKaTLlBalOT 60PT nOKpLlmKH. BKJII01JaeTCH 3JIeKTpOnpHBO,n, BpalItalOIQHHCH XO,nO-
BOH SHUT 2 nepe
BHraeT KapeTKH 7 K cpe,nHeH JIHHBB C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa. B 3TO
343
p
--
l
/'
//
7
a
/ /
I
(J(.. 'is.
/J
oc :
::,"
11
Pac. to.t8. YBDBepcanbHbIU MexaBII3M AJlII opOKaTKH AeTaJleii OOKpLlWKB (a)l
H cxeMa ero pa60Tfd (6):
1 - palla; Z - xOAoaol BRHT; 3 - uaupaBJlJllOllVle; 4 - plAalKSo-mapSRpllYe YCTPOit--
CTBa; IS - npUllaTOqlBle pOJIBIIR; II - lIaUJOllVlecll UUeBIiOItRJJBJIJIP"; 'I - lIa peTRY;
I - UOJlOIKeHUe lIeXa8B8118 UpR DPIIK8T11e MoeB; 11 - UOJlOIKeRBe lIeUUY3118 up. UpY-
lIaTue 6opTOB.
0;';
gz
38
:':0
...11:
j ' II
1>0'"
..
...1:1
..
r
-- ......
<':> Ii'"
=F
i:
I::(
'"
I:: =5
< a
-1:1.
1 0
S .Jei
:: ..:e i
o "'10=
It) 2'0 IS'
r-.
I
_ :cc. '"
-c.. tI: .... Go>
1
7
i:!:
Ia 04>..
I
;!
u..
11:1 ..IO
; g!
a
=- I U
jj
1:1 It'"
11:1 ...
I
..
S
, ..
\Q I::i '"
CIS oI..!
=- 1:1 0
\Q I":C
o
'"
oo
...
=:.id
I:(
:c
::I
d
g I
'"
!..g!
I
:i go
=1:{=
'IS
;!:
;;
o
,.Q 1:1.3 IS
"=
"'5
5 lCa
:!o
Ii i
;
5'
. II:
=
o i"''''
C'! ...ii 2
ilS'
,f II I
.....1'0.::
Bae,neB naeBMOnpHBO,n 14, C006IQaIOIQ1IB: 1JepeS 060iiMy 11 B03BpaTBo-UocTyna-
TeJIbBoe ,nBHmeHHe 06mHMHLlM pLl1JaraH 10 OTBOCHTeJIbBO KOJIb
eBOH CnHpaJIbBOH
npymllHLI 1, H npHMeHeB OpHrllHaJIbHLli 3JIeKTpOMeXaHH1JeCKHH npBBOA ,nJIH Bcero
Y3JIa MexaHHSMa 12 06maTHH H SaBOpa1JIIBaHHH CJIOeB Kop,na (Ba pHC. 10.20 Be nOKa-
3an). 3TII ycoBepmeBCTBOBaHHH cnoc06CTBYlOT 60JIee nJIOTHOMY npllJIeraHHIO CJIOeB
Kop,na no npo4JHJIIO nJIe1JHKa 6apa6aHa B opo
ecce BLlTHmKH H 06maTHH KpaeB
CJIOH 11 nOCa,nKH KpLlJIbeB (CM. onepa
HH 4 H 11 Ha pHC. 10.14). B peSYJII>TaTe CYIQeCT-
BeHHO CHH3HJIOCb He)ReJIaTeJIbHOe HBJIeHHe, xapaKTepHoe AJIII YHHBepCaJIbBhIX Mexa-
HII3!1fOB 06pa60TKH 60PTOBOH 1JaCTH oOKpLloieK Ha Heno,nBHmHOM 6apa6aBe, -
OTXOA 60pTa C06PaBHOH nOKpLllUKH OT nJIe1JHKa 6apa6aHa. 04JopMJIeHHe 60pTOB
y c06RpaeMLlx nOKphUUeK CTaJIO 60JIbme COOTBeTCTBOBaTI> npo4JHJlIO nJIe1JHKa Gapa-
6aHa. KpoMe Toro, SHa1JHTeJIbHO B03pOCJIO npeccYIOIQee YCHJIHe MexaBHaMOB Ba 60p-
TOBYIO 1JaCTb nOKpLlmKH, 1JTO 06eCOe1JHJIO nOJIyqeBHe 60JIee nJIOTHLlX II MOBOJIHTHLIX
60pTOB II Ka1JeCTBeHHYIO C60PKY nOKpLlmeK H3 MeTaJIJIOKop,na.
B KOHCTPYR
HH yaJIa ma6JIOHa 8 npeAYCMOTpeHa B03MOmHOCTI> peryJI1IpOBaBHH
BeJIH1JHHLI noca,n01JHOrO ,nHaMeTpa ,nJIH KpLlJIl>eB 3a C1JeT HaMeBeHHH nOJIOmeBIUI
m01lJleK 4, Ha KOTopLle camaeTCH KpLl
O, OTBOCIITeJII>HO
eHTpa C60p01JBOrO 6apa-
oaHa. ):\JIII SToro Ha O,nHOM KOH
e mTLlpH 2 no,nB1ImHO BMOHTHpOBaB no,n,nepmHBae-
MLIH npymHHKoH naJIe
3 C 3Kc
eHTpH1JHO nocameHHoB B Hero mnHJII>KOH 4. ):\PyroB
KOHe
mThIpH BLlnOJIHeH B BH,ne
HJIHHAPH1JeCKOH 3y61JaTKII, C
enJIeHBOH C nJIaHe-
TapHI>IM 3y61JaTLlM KOJIeCOM 9 C BByTpeHH1IM 3a
eOJIeBHeM. IIpH nOBopOTe sy61JaTOrO
KOJIeCa 9 npOHCXo,n1lT OABOBpeMeHBoe CMeIQeH1Ie Bcex mnHJIeK Ha onpe,neJIeHHLlB:
yrOJI, n03BOJIllIOIQee perYJIHpOBaTI> nOCaA01JHLlB ,nllaMeTp ,nJIH KpLlJIbeB B npe,neJIax
12,5 MM. 3TO ,naJIo BOSMOmHOCTb HCnOJII>SO aTb YHIIBepCaJIbHLle MexaBH3MLI ,nJlII
C60PKH MeTaJIJIOKop,nHLlX H 6ecKaMepHLlx BmllB.
IIsMeHeHa KOHCTPYRInIH nHeBMonpHBo,na, nepeMelIteHHH ,nonOJIHHTeJIbHLlX
oapa6aHOB (Ha pHcyuKe He nOKa3aHa); BOBaH KOBCTPYRInIII n08BOJIlleT npHMeHHTb
KphIJIbH C BhICOKHM HanOJIHlITeJIbHLlM mHypOM, 1JTO npHHInIDllaJII>BO BamBO P;JIH
06eCne1JeHHH C60PKII KapKaCOB pa,nHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK.
06'K1IMHLle KaMepLl pa3HamHBalOTCII H 3aTpy,nHRIOT npaB1IJIbBYlO YCTaBOBKY
KpLlJIbeB C BLICOKIIM HanOJIHlITeJIbHLlM WHYPOM. llOSTOMY B nOCJIe,nHee BpeMR c6o-
p01JHLle CTaHKH BLlnYCKalOT C YH1IBepCaJIbBLlMII MexaHHaMaMH 6es 06mHMBLlX
KaMep. KpOMe Toro, ynoMRHYTLle Bl>lme YCOBepmeHCTBOBaH1I11 YBHBepca.1ll>BhIX
MexaHD3MOB Ha CTaBKax Cll):\ 750-1100 (AII):\-H3) 3Ha1JHTeJIbHO CHHSHJIH aclt4JeK-
THBHOCTb npllMeHeHHII 06mHMHLlX KaMep, H B HHX OTnaJIa Ha,n06BOCTI>.
B CTaHRe CII):\ 750-1100 (AII):\-II3) ycoBepmeHCTBOBaBhI TaKme YSJILI KpenJIe-
HR 11 nepeMelIteHHH npaBoro H JIeBOrO YHHBepCaJIbHhIX MexaBH3MOB H3 1ICXOABOro
nOJIO)l(eHHR B pa601Jee (K 6apa6aHY) H 06paTBo (Ba pHCYHKe Be nOKasaBO). 3TO
o6eCne1JHJIO o,nHoBpeMeHBYIO H 60JIee Ha,nemuylO HX pa60TY H BOaMOmBOCTI> npBMe-
BeHHH AJIH HDX 3JIeKTpOMeXaHH1JeCKOrO npHBo,na, 0 npellMyIQeCTBax KOToporo QLlJIO
YOOMHHyTO BLlme. B CTaHKe npe,nycMoTpeH MexaBHSM ,nJIR CHHTHH c06paBBOH
nOKpLlmK1I C 6apa6aBa, 06JIef1JHBmHB TPY,n C60p1lJ,HKa.
CHcTeMa nOJIyaBToMaTH1JeCKOrO ynpaBJIeHHH 06ecne1JHJIa B03MOmBOCTI> CHH-
xpoHHoro BLlnOJIHeHHH OCHOBHLlX TeXHOJIOrH1JeCKHX onepa
no cTporo sa,naBBoMY
pe)l\1IMY, 1JTO nOBLlCHJIO CTaHAapTHOCTI> 1IarOTaBJIHBaeMLlX nOKpLlmeK.
CnHoK Cll):\ 750-1100 3aMeHReT CTaHOK Cll):\-8flM, paCC1JlITaHBLlB: TOJIl>KO
,nJIH: 'C60P:KH 6paCJIeTHLlM MeTo,nOM ,nHarOHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK nepe1JHCJIeBBLlX pas-
MepOB H HenpHro,nHLlB ,nJIH H3rOTOBJIeHHH pa,nllaJIbBLlX H MeTaJIJIOKop,nBhIX 00-
KpLllUeK.
llp1l c60pKe ,n1larOBaJIbHLlX OOKpl>lmeK nOCJIOBHLlM MeTo,nOM CTaHOK KOMn.1leK-
TyeTcH OHTaTeJIeM 114-04, 06eCne1JHBaIOIQHM ero nHTaHHeM BceMH ,neTaJIIIMII no-
KpLlmKH, a npH c60pKe KapKaCOB AJIII paAHaJIbHLlX nOKpbIDIeK - DHTaTeJIeM
326.191, B KOTOpOM xpaBHTCH TOJIbKO ,neTaJIH KapKaca.
TeXBll'leCKaH XapaRTepHCTHKa CTaBKa npUBe,neHa HHme (CM. Ta6JI. 10.4).
347
.'U:OCJIOBHhIM MeTO,nOM, Sa,neJIKa 60PTOB BhInOJIHlleTCII MeXaHHSMaMH Ha HenO,nBHmBOM
,6apa6aHe, npHKaTKa CJIOeB KOp,na, npOTeKTOpa H 60KOBHB, a TaKme 60pTOBOB: 1JaCTII
c06HpaeMLlX nOKphImeK - MexaHHSMaMH npOTeKTopHhIX H 60pTOBhIX npHKaT1JHKOB
pOJIHKOBoro THna. no CTeneHH MeX8HHaa
HJI JI aBTOMaTHaa
HH CTaHOK CII):\
1150-1900 (Cn):\-68K-1) B OCHOBHOM aHaJIorH1JeH CTaHKaM CII):\ 660-1100
(Cn):\-14M), cn):\ 675-950 (Cn):\Y-65H), cn):\ 750-1100 (An):\-H3) H
cn):\-970-1500 (110-04A). 3TO BblrOAHO OTJIH1JaeT CTaHOK OT npHMeHlleMblX B MHpO-
BOB npaKTIIKe CTaBKOB aHaJIOrD1JHOro HaSHa1JeHHII, r,ne eIQe COXpaHHJIHCb TllmeJIhIe
pyqHhIe onepa
HH no 06pa60TKe 60PTOBOB 1JaCTH nOKphImeK.
CTaHOK CMOHTllpOBaH He Ha 06IQei, a Ba cOCTaBHOB: 4Jys,naMeHTHOB: nJIHTe 3,
Ba OT,neJIbHhIX 1JaCTIIX KOTOpOB YCTaHOBJIeHhI npaBall 7 H JIeBall 1 CT8HHHhI II Mexa-
BHSMhI 60PTOBhIX H npoTeKTopHhIX npIlKaT1JHKOB (Ha pHCYHKe He BH,nHhI). JIeB811
CTaHIIHa 1 npH CBHTHH c06paHBoit nOKphImKH C 6apa6aBa He nepeMeIQaeTCII B CTO-
POHY, a nOBOpa1JHBaeTCII Ha 90° BOKpyr CBoeH OCII. JIeBall 2 II npaBall 6 rpynnhI Me-
xaHHSMOB ,nJIII 06pa60TKH 60pTOBOH 1JaCTH nOKphImeK CT8HKa cn):\ 1150-1900 OTJIH-
.'1aIOTCII OT paCCMOTpeHHblX BhIme ysHBepCaJIbHhIX MexaHHSMOB ,nJIII 9THX
eJIei
CTaBKOB cnn 470-800 (Cnn-66), cn)); 675-950 (Cn):\Y-65II), cn)); 750-1100
(An):\-II3) MaCCHBHOCTl>1O II MOIQHOCTblO YSJIOB H ,neTaJIeB:.
IIo KHReMaTH1JeCKOB: cxeMe II AHHaMHKe pa60TbI STH MeX8HHSMhI 6JIHme K Mexa-
HHSMaM ,nJIII 06pa60TKH 60PTOB Ha Heno,nBH1RHOM nOJIynJIOCKOM 6apa6aHe CTaHKa
CIIn 470-800 (Cnn-66). OHH COCTSBJIeHbI HS 24 nllTIISBeHHhIX phI1JamBhIX CIICTeM,
YCTaHOBJIeHBhIX Ha ,nBYX KOH
eBTpH1JeCKHX 06e1JaiiKax II 06paaYlOIQHX C060B TeJIO
BpaIQeHHII. Pa601JHM opraHOM B 9THX CHCTeMax, KaK H B CT8BKe cnn 470-800
(Cnn-66), CJIymHT KOJIb
eBall CnHpaJIbBall npymHHa, Ha,neTall Ba KOH
pLI1JarOB.
MexaHHaMbI 06maTIIII CJIOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa6aHa H SaBOpa1JHBaHHII
CJIOeB Kop,na Ba KphIJIO HMelOT CBOH OTp;eJII>Hble 9JIeKTpOnpHBop;bI. ):\pyrHe no,nBH)R-
HhIe MeXaHHSMhI H YSJIbI, BXOp;IIIQHe B rpynny MexaHHSMOB 06pa60TKII 60PTOBOB:
1JaCTH nOKpblmeK, pa60TalOT OT nHeBMO
HJIHHp;pOB. TaKaH KOHCTPYR
BII MexaHIIS-
MOB 06eCne1JHBaeT Ha,nemHoe 06maTHe CJIOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JHKY 6apa6aHa, paBHO-
MepHoe pacnpep;eJIeHHe CKJIa,nOK no ero nOBepXBOCTH II 4JopMHpoBaHHe MOHOJIHT-
Boro nJIOTHOrO 60PT8 nOKpLImKH, KOHTYP KOToporo 6JIHSOK no 01JepTaBlllO K npo-
4JHJIIO nJIe1JHKa 6apa6aHa.
CTaHOK pa60TSeT B arperaTe C nllTaTeJIeM 326.211 (CM. pHC. 10.28).
TexBH1JecKall xapaKTepHCTIIKa CTaHKOB cnn 470-800 (Cnn-66), cn):\ 660-1100
(Cn):\-14M), cn):\ 675-950 (Cn):\Y-65lI), cn):\ 750-1100 (An):\-II3), cn):\ 970-1500
(HO
4A) H cn):\ 1150-1900 (Cn):\-68K-1) npHBe,neHa B Ta6JI. 10.4. 3TH CTaBKH
IIBJIIlIOTCII HOBeBmHMII OTe1JeCTBeHHLlMH C60P01JHhIMH CTaHKaMH C MexaBHSMaMII
06pa60TKH 60PTOB Ha Heno,nBHmHOM 6apa6aHe ,nJIII Bcero accopTHMeHTa JIerKOBhIX,
rpYSOBhIX, 60JIbmerpYSHblX H KpynHora6apBTHhIx nOKphImeK, HSrOTaBJIHBaeMLlX
B MaCCOBOM npOHSBo,nCTBe.
10.3.4. nHrarenH C60POLfHblX craHKOB
nHTaTeJIH CTaHKOB ,nJIII C60PKH nOKphImeK npe,nHaaHa1JeHLI ,nJIII no,na1JH Ba
C60P01JHhIH 6apa6aH CJIOeB Kop,na H ,npyrHx ,neTaJIeB: nOKphImKH. COBpeMeHHhIe
nHTaTeJIH K CTaHKaM P;JIH C60PKH JIerKOBblX, rpYSOBhIX H 60JIbmerpysHhIx nOKpLl-
meK, KpOMe Toro, BbIDOJIHHIOT pOJIb eMKOCTeB ,nJIJI xpaHeHHII nepexo,nH
ero sanaca
,neTaJIeii. npHMeBHIOTCH nHTSTeJIH npH nOC.iIOiiHOM H KOM6HHllpOBaHIIOM MeTop;ax
C60pKH. OHH HBJIIlIOTCH B ;)THX CJIY1JaIlX HeOT'beMJIeMOB: 1JaCTblO C60p01JHOrO CTaBKa.
OT KOHCTPYK
HH H pa60TbI nHTaTeJIII saBHCHT KaqeCTBO co6paHBhIX nOKpLlmeK
H npOHSBo,nHTeJIbHOCTb c60po1JBoro CTaHKa. K KOHCTPYK
HH nHTaTeJIH npe,n'bHBJIH-
eTCII pH,n Tpe60BaBHB:. B 1JaCTHOCTH, aapH,nKa H no,na1Ja C.JIOeB Kop,na Ba C60P01JBblH
6apa6aH ,nOJImHhI npOllcxo,nHTb 6ea HaTHmeHHH HJIH C TO'lHO KORTpOJIHpyeMoii.
BblTHmKOB, Be npeBhIm81Om.ei 60JIee 1-2% Ha 06e onepa
HB; HaJIH1JHe
eBTpHpy-
352
IOIQBX II BanpaBJIHIOIQIIX YCTPOHCTB, 06eCne1JIIBaIOIQBX T01JBOe H8JIOmeBlle Kam,nOH
AeTaJIH Ha 6apa6aa 6es CMeIQeBHH, JlBJIHeTCH 06HSaTeJIbBblM ,nJIH JII060ro nHTaTeJIII.
RpOMe Toro, SapH,nKa nllTaTeJIII AeTaJIHMH Be ,nOJImHa BblSblBaTI> OCTaHOBKH c60p01J-
Horo CT8HKa.
HeKOTopble sapy6emHble H OTe1JeCTBeBHble CTaHKH AJIII C60PKII nOKpblmeR
(CnR-1M, CnR-2M, CnR-3, CnR-4, CnR-8) paspa60TaHhI, IISrOTaBJIBBalOTCII
II DOCTaBJIlllOTCII Ha mHHHble aaBo,nbl BMeCTe C nHTaTeJIIIMH.
npHMeHHIOTCH DHTaTeJIH CJIe,nYIOIQHX THnOB: DOJI01JBhIe (Hall60JIee CTaphIe II
npOCTble DO KOHCTPYKD;HH); MexaHHSHpOBaHHble pOJIHKO-DpOKJIa,n01JHble CO CMeB-
BhIMH 606HBaMH; aBTOMaTHSHpOBaBHble pOJIIIKO-DpOKJIa,n01JBble paSJIiAHblX KOB-
CTPYK
Hii (6ameBHble, 6apa6aHHble, KapyceJII>Hble, C nepeMeIQalOID;HMHCII KapeT-
KaMH H T. n.); THna MHOrOHpYCHblX JIeBT01JBLlX HJIH APyrHx TpaHcnopTepOB.
IIMeIOTcJI H ,npyrHe KOHCTPYK
HH nHTaTeJIeu. O,nHaKO npHMeHlllOTCJI OHH pe,nKO.
IIOJIo1JHLle nHTaTeJIH eIQe 3KCnJIYaTHpYlOTCII Ha BeKOTophIX OTe1JeCTBeHHblX
II sapy6emBblx mHHHhIX saBo,nax. ¥CTpOHCTBO HX 01JeBb npOCToe II onHcaHO B JIHTe-
p8Type no TeXHOJIOrHH mHHHoro DpOH3Bo,nCTBa.
MexaHHsllpoBaBHble pOJIHKO-npOKJIa,n01JBble nHTaTeJIH CO C'beMHblMII 606HHaMH
nOHBHJIHCb Ba sapy6emHblx mHHHblX saBo,nax B nOCJIe,nBBe ro,nhI. B 3TIIX nHTaTeJIIIX
606HHbI C SaKaTaBHhIMH B npOKJIa,nKY CJIOIIMH Kop,na HaBemHBalOTCH nOA'beMBHKOM
Ha paMY nHTaTeJIH B nOAKJII01JaIOTCII R SJIeKTpOnpHBOAY paCKaTKH. PaCKaTaHBblH
HS 60611BbI KOHe
CJIOH Kop,na no,naeTCH Ha C60P01JHblB 6apa6aH 1Jepes KOMneHcaTOp
C tlJoTOSJIeKTpll1JeCI(HM ynpaBJIeBHeM H pOJIl>raHr. ¥ HeKOTopblX nBTaTeJIeH paCKa-
T01JHLlH pOJIHK 606HB BpaIQaeTCH OT o,nHoro npBBo,na C BaJIOM 6apa6aHa, 1JTO 06ecne-
1JHBaeT CHHXpOHHOCTb ero BpaIQeHHII C nOCJIe,nHHM. BJIaro,napH STOMY no,na1Ja CJIOeB
KOPAa Ha C60P01JHblH 6apa6aH npOHcxo,nHT 6es BLlTJlmKH.
COBpeMeHHblMH C1JHTaIOTCH aBTOMaTHSHpOBaHHble pOJIHKO-npOKJIa,n01JHble nHTa-
TeJIH, y KOTOpbIX 606HHbI C npOKJIa,nKOH He CHHMalOTCII CO CTaHIIHbI nHTaTeJIJI, a npo-
KJIa,nKa SaKpenJIeBa H HBJIHeTCH HeoT'beMJIeMOii 1JaCTI>IO nHTaTeJIII. Pa601Jlle opraBbI
3THX DHTaTeJIeB ,neHCTBYIOT aBTOMaTH1JeCKH, 06eCne1JHBaH nOAa1JY CJIOeB Kop,na H
,npyrHx ,neTaJIeB Ha C60P01JHhIB: 6apa6aH 6es BhITJlmKH H B CTporo YCTaHOBJIeHHOe
MeCTO.
ABTOMaTBsupoBaHBble pOJIHKO-npORJIa,nOQBble DHTaTeJIII oameHBoro Tuna
(pHC. 10.23) no npllH
Hny YCTpoHcTBa H pa60TLI nHTaIOIQHX YCTPOHCTB ,nJIII CJIOeB
Kop,na aHaJIOrH1JBbI aBToMaTH3HpoBaBHoMY nHTaTeJIIO AJIII 6paCJIeTHOrO CTaBKa 60"
(CM. pHC. 9.19). B OTJIH1JHe OT nOCJIe,nHero STH nHTaTeJIII cBa6)ReHLI AOnOJIHIITeJIb-
HblMH MexaBHSMaMH ,nJIH DHTaHHH CTaBKa 6peKepaMH, 60pTOBblMH JIeHTaMH H npo-
TeKTopaMH, KOTopble, KaK BHABO liS pBC. 10.23, paSMeIQeHbI no,n nOBopoTBOH 6am-
HeH (TypeJIbIO) BBYTPH CTaHHHbI, no ee 60KaM H Ba,n HeH.
BameHHble nHTaTeJIB TaKOH KOHCTPYK
HH 1JaIQe KOMnJIeKTylOTcH co CTaBKaMH
,nJIH C60PKH JIerKOBLlX nOKpblmeK. B HeCKOJIbKO HHOM KOBCTPYKTHBBOM otIJopMJIe-
BHH (c 60JIbmHM 1JHCJIOM 606HB) nOA06HhIe nHTaTeJIH BblnYCKalOTCH TaKme K CTaH-
KaM ,nJIH C60PKH r PYSOBblX nOKpblmeK.
Cym;ecTBeHHblM He,nOCTaTKOM pOJIIIKO-npOKJIa,n01JHLlX DllTaTeJIeH 6ameHHoro
TIlDa HBJIHeTCH HX rpOMOS1(KOCTI> npH OTBOCHTeJII>BO He60JII>mOM KOJIH1JeCTBe xpaHH-
Moro B HHX MaTepHaJIa. nOSTOMY B nOCJIeAHHe ro,nLl pOJIHKo-npOKJIa,n01JBble 6ameB-
Hble DHTaTeJIH CTaJIH 3aMeHIITI> ,npyrHl\fH nHTaTeJIIIMH.
POJIHKO-npOKJla,nO'lHble DHTaTeJIH oapaoaBHoro Tuna (CM. pHC. 10. 9 H 10. 10)
6J1aro,napH YCOBepmeHCTBOBaHHIO pH1(a YSJIOB H MexaHH3MOB 06eCne1JHBa1OT no,na1JY
CJlOeB Kop,na H ,npyrHx ,neTaJIeii C MeHl>meH BblTHmKoii H JIyqmeii
eHTpoBKOB npll
BaJIOmeHHH HX Ha C60P01JHblii 6apa6aH. OHH 60JIee KOMDaKTHbI, 1JeM nHTaTeJIH
6ameHHoro Tllna, npH TOM me 1JHCJIe 606HH, MeHl>me no BblCOTe H saHHMalOT MeHl>mYIO
nJIOIQa,nb. npH 3TOM y,naeTCH YBeJIH1JHTb eMKOCTb 606HH nHTaTeJIII B,nBoe H 60JIl>me.
B06HHbI C KOp,nOM CMOHTHpOBaHbI y STHX nHTaTeJIeH He Ha
enH TpaHcnopTepa,
aHa nOBOpa1JHBaIOIQeHCH BOKpyr OCH 6apa6aHa KacceTe, 1JTO 06eCne1JHBaeT JIY1Jmee
23 3... \,;:\ 353
C»
....
..,.
'"'>--.
<0
It)
I u
:C
II
=
et
1.
"'2-
8.;1
fit
.....
....Ie
&
II'
=8.
H
a:
=
O:;
II:>
et.._
i:i
a; till:>
!h I
Eo<
Oi::
o ;o.j!u
J.o .. 0
o ..:Ce;
11:1 E/'11
I S:u
E!i
Ie B5:c
04 'i IJ
co I
E i!;CI
1:1 0:; 1:1 is
if
1 IJ
g.
III
<>
II' 8'CO:G
i Q "=
"=
28.
a etll
:0='"
. I! t>'"
o 1:):1..
;! ,I
....!
Qo ;0.-,.8
..
i I
:II .., ...
11:1 ..
...
:I
1:1;':
!
i f
£:
III oa
:; ....a:
! i
;
lei coet
< t::Ca:
B
co
;@t
Q iii 1 go
...... COat) lID
. tug
1&1
c:I. ...
'"
YCTaBOBJIeHHhIX csa,nll CTaBRa llJIII Depe,n c60po1JBbIM 6apaOaHOM, co CTOpOBY
pa601Jero MeCTa c60pIQIIKa. TaRlle DlITaTeJIII p
OBaJIbBO IICnOJlb80BaTb npll c60p-
Ke KapKaCOB pa
HaJIbRblX DOKphImeR.
DHTaTeJIB TIlDa MHorOHpYCHWX TpaHcnOpTepoB npHMeHlllOTCH B KOMIIJIeKTe
co CTaBKaMH ,nJlJl C60PKH nOCJIODblM MeTo,nOM nOKphUUeK KpynHora6apHTHblX mHH,
Y ROTOpblX mBpHBa CJIOeB ROPAa npeBhUUaeT 1400 MM. TaKall mHpHBa CJIOeB KOp,n8
Be nOSBOJIlleT npHMeHIITI> DHTaTeJIH pOJIHKo-npOKJIa
01JHOro THna. TBnH1JBblM DHTa-
TeJleM TaRoro THna IIBJIlleTCH IISrOTaBJIHBaeHLlH B CCCP DIITaTeJlb 326.211
2
J
"
5
9
r---" Ir
r -1 r- ,.... ITl
,..1 r-1J I I L :j./ "'1--! I I '-
I I I -i-+- I I -'-'-F
II l--lLJ L
I L
I 16:
= =
- -L-=- ll== ll J
.!IJleHmpunu.maHlI.e J080
6105
10
r-------------------------,
I
I
BOJIJ!/J
--'T""""""T---
,,, I
u_.!
PBC. to.25. nepeABD»CBoii p<mBKo-DpOKJI
01JBYi lIJITaTeJlb 326.t9t K CTaBKY WIR c60pa DO-
KpLIm8K CnA 750-1100 (AnA-H3):
1 - pua; Z-lfeXaHB8M paCRaTRB; 8-upB80A KaCCeT; 4-KapeTIIB C 60608IIJI; $-lfeXa&II8M AOMO'I'KB KOPAa;
6 - MeXSRB8M 8aKaTKB KOPAa; 'I - uaeBMOIllUJBBJ(p; , - BaupaBJllDJ
,JIOTOK; 9 - KOlIDeBC8uaollBHe
PO.JIJIKB; 10 - mKa41 yupaBJIeRBlI.
(pIIC. 10.26). OH ,nonYCRaeT nBTaBlle C60p01JBOrO CTaBRa CJIOJlHB Rop,na mllpJilBoii
AO 2000 MM.
Bce YSJIhI H MeXaHIISMLI DIITaTeJIJI CMOHTllpOB8.BbI Ba CBapHOH paMe 7. BamBeH-
mllMH HS RHX IIBJIIlIOTCII DHTBJIPYCBblH TpaBCDOpTep-HaKODIITeJIb 1, DHTaTeJIb peslI-
HOBhIMII npOCJlOHKaMH 5, HexaBIISM ,ny6JIllpOBaBHH peSHBOBblX npOCJIOeR co CJIOIIMB
Kop,na 4, npaBLIii H JIeBblH MexaBIISMbI saXBaTa CJIOeB 8, MexaHIISM OTpeSKH CJIOeB 2,
MexaBHSM 8 ,nJIII HaJIOmeBHII CJIOeB Rop,na H peSHHOBblX npOCJIOeK Ha C60P01JBLIii
6apa6aH, OTMepllBalOIQHe II
eBTpHpYIOIQlle YCTpOHCTBa ,nJIJI CJlOeB Kop,na, pacnOJIO-
meRHble B Ha1JaJIe TpaBCDopTepa-HaRODHTeJIII (Ba pllcyaKe He BIlARbI). llllTaTeJIb
06eCne1JHBaeT CTblKOBKY ROCHKOB 06peSHHeHRoro Kop,na C 06paSOBaHlleM Henpe-
PblBHOH JIeRTbI, BaJIOmeHHe Ha Hee B Ay6JIHpOBaRHe peSIIBOBblX npOCJIOeK, OTMepll-
BaBlle II OTpesaBlle CJIoeB KOPAa H peSHBOBLlX npOCJIOeK no AJIlIBe, no
a1JY II HaJIo-
meDHe CJIOeB Kop,na H peSHHOBblX npOCJIOeK Ha c60p01JBbli 6apa6aR C npe
BapHTeJlL-
BblM HX
eRTpHpOBaHHeM OTHOCHTeJIbBO 6apa6aRa. nHTaTeJII> 326.211 nOSBOJllleT
356
TaKme HaKJIaALIBaTb peSIIBOBble npOCJIOOII Ba CJIOII ROPAa BenOCpe,nCTBeBBO Ba
C60p01JHOM 6apa6aBe. B aTOH cJlyqae MeXaBIISMLI nHTaTeJlII ,nalOT BOSMomBOCTh
OCyIQeCTBJIIITb OTMepHBaHlle, OTpesaBHe H no,na1JY CJIOeB Rop,na H peSIIBOBhIX npo-
CJIOeK Be B ,ny6JIHpOBaBBOM BH,ne, a paSAeJIbHO.
KOMDJIeKTyeTcH nHTaTeJIb co C60P01JBblM CTaHKOM Cn)); H50-1900(Cn));-68K-1).
TeXBII1JeCKall xapaKTepHCTHKa nllTaTeJIII npllBe,neHa Hllme (CM. TaOJI. to.5).
DHTaTeJIH ,nM npOTeKTopoB. npOTeKTopbl MorYT nocTynaTb K CTaHKaM B BR,ne
sarOTOBOK onpeAeJIeHHOB: AJIIIHbI. B 8TOM cJlyqae OUH no,nalOTCII Ha pOJIbraBl'H HJIII
npOTHBHH nIlTaTeJIeB:. ));JIII MexaHHsa
1I11 no,na1JH npoTeKTopoB npHMeBlllOTCJI pas-
JIB1JJIble TpaHcnopTHLIe CHCTeMbI. HanpllMep, Ba pllAe OTe1JeCTBeHHblX mHUBbIX
saBo,nOB npHHHTa aBTOMaTH1JeCKall TpaBCnOpmaJl CIICTeMa, COCTOIIIQall HS JIeBT01J-
BLlX pOJIHKOBhIX HanpaBJIHIOIQHX TpaHcnopTepoB.
J
"
6
9 '9
10
11
6""0
Pac. to.26. ITBT8TeJ1b 326.211 TBDa DllTlUlpycBoro JIeBT01JBOrO TpUlCDoprepa:
1 - IIJITBRpyclllldt TJ)aBcnOp'l'ep-BaKOmrreJIb; Z - M8J:aBII8M OTJ)e8allJlll C.JIoeB KOPAa; & - M8XaJIII8M 88Dan
KOPAa; 4 - MeXaBII8M Ay(iJIBpOBalllUl Pe8RBOBWX npOC.JIOeK; 6 - DBTaTem> pe8RBOBWX npocnoeK; 6 - DOBOpoT-
IIIIdt MexaBB8M; ., - paMa; 8 - MeXaJIII8M BaJJOmelllUl CJJOeB KOPAa B pe8RBOIllolX upoCJJoeK; 9 - CBeTOBOa yHa-
8aTeJJb cePeJIBJllol 6apa68Ba; 10 - Ay(iJIBPyJOII{Dit pMBK; 11 - UYJJIoT yDP8JUJeBIIII.
CyIQeCTBYIOT Cne
HaJII>Bble DHTaTeJIII ,nJIJI npOTeKTOpOB. Ha 8TBX nllTaTeJlIIX
npOTeKTopUall JIeHTa BaXOAHTCII aa RapeTKaX, SaKaTaHHall B PYJlOB C MeTaJIJluqe-
CROH HJIH APyrOB: npORJIa,nKOH. B 8TOM CJIyqae c60p01JBLle CTaBRB CBaOmaIOTCII:
BanpaBJIlllOIQIIMH CTOOaMII, pOJIbraBraMH C ropJl1JIIMH HO)RaHH ,nU OTpesaBIIH
npOTeRTopOB H nOBOpOTBLlMII nllTalOlItHHII pOJIbraBraHH. TaRlle nllTaTeJIII npHMe-
HJlIOTCII Ba BeROTopLlX sapy6emBblx saBo,nax npll c60pKe JIernOBblX nORpHmeR
C ROpOTKIIH
HKJIOM C60pKII. TexBH1JeCKall xapaRTepllCTBRa nllTaTeJIei K CTaBKaM
AJIII COOPRH nOKphUUeK Hall60JIee MaCCOBhIX paSHepOB npllBOAHTCII B nOJl. 10.5.
10.3.6. CraHAaprHSaLl,HH, HopManHsaLl,HH H YHH!tJHKaLl,HH
o6oPYAoaaHHH AnH C60PKH nOKp
weK
B
eJIIIX YMeBbmeHHII KOJIH1JeC'fBa BbInYCKaeHhlX Mo,neJIeii c60po1JHoro 060-
PYAOBaBHII OABoro H Toro me UaSBa1JeHHII (cTaBKoB, 6apa6aBOB H DHTaTeJIeB) H
YBII4JHKa
HH IIX YSJIOB II AeTaJleB: paspaooTaB napaHeTpH1JeCRIIB: pllP; THno-
paSMepOB c60po1JublX CTaBROB II HX IICnOJIBeHIIB:, npeACTaBJIlllOIQIIii co-
BOKynHOCTb onpe,neJIeBBOrO KOJIH1JeCTBa 1JHCJIOBhIX SBa1JeBIIB: TeXBuqeCKllX napa-
MeTpOB CTaHKOB, nOCTpoeBBblX Ba OCHOBe pllAa npe.nn01JTIITeJIbBbIX 1JllceJI no
rOCT 8032-56 (Ta6JI. 10.6).
C 111BBapll1971 r. BBe,neH B ,neicTBlle rOCT 15940-70 Ha CTaBRII AJlII COOPKII
nORpbImeK. 3TOT rOCT npe,nYCMaTpllBaeT cTaB,napTllaa
1I1O CTaBKOB, npe.naasHa-
1JeHHblX ,nJIII C60PKH nOKpblmeK C AHarOHaJIbHblM pacnOJIOmeBHeM HHTeB: KOPAa
:-\fi7
B KapKaCe II AJIJI DepBOB: CTa,nHH C60PKH DOKpblmeK THna P. OH He paCDpOCTpa-
BlleTCH Be CTaBKH AJIII C60PKH nORphImeK HS ymHpeHHblX CJIOeB Kop,na, nOKpLImeR
ne
HaJIbHOrO HaSHa1JeHHH H KpynHora6apllTBblx nOKpblmeR C noca,n01JBblM Alla-
MeTpOM 60JIee 813 MM (32 "). OCBoBHble napaMeTpbl H pa8Mepbl CTaBKOB COOTBeTCT-
BYIOT DpHBeAeHHOMY B Ta6JI. 10.6 napaHeTpll1JeCKOMY PII,ny, 6es nOCJIe,nH1lx ,nBYX
Mo,neJIeB: CTaaKOB: Cn,I( 1600-2550 II Cn,I( 1800-3650, npe;I\HaSBa1JeBBLlX AJIII C60PKH
Kpynaora6apHTBblx nOKpblmeK C noca,n01JBLlM AHaMeTpOH CBhUUe 813 MM. 'YRaSaB-
HhIB: rOCT perJIaHeHTHpyeT TaKme paSMepbl noca,n01JBoro AHaMeTpa DOA 6apa6aB
rJIaBHOrO BaJIa (50; 70; 100 HH) H BaHMeHbmHB: pecypc pa60TbI pemllMHOrO tlJoB;I\a
BpeMeHH ,no nepBoro KanHTaJIbHoro peMOHTa (OKOJIO 20 000 1J; AODYCKaeMoe OTKJIO-
aeHHe z(5 -:-7%) AJIH Kam,noro THnopaSMepa CTaHRa.
8THM me rOCT BBOAHTCII BOBbie YCJIOBBble 060SHa1JeBHH c60p01JBLlX CTaBKOB,
COCTOIIIQHe liS Tpex OYRB H ABYX 1JIIceJI. BYKBeHHall 1JaCTb, KaK H Y 60JIhmllBCTBa
npemaHX Mo,neJIeii, OSHa1JaeT cnoc06 C60pKH. Han p IIMe p, CIIII - D 0 JI Y n JI 0-
C K II B:, cn - n 0 JI Y A 0 P BOB bI i. CTOII
He sa 6 yKBaHH ,nBa 1JHCJIa B OTJIK-
1J'tie OT npemaero , SHa1JaBmerO no KOBblB: BOMe HO lIRa II
(Q -1, CII):\-4 H T. ,n.) HJIH ro BLln CKa C -6, OSBa1JaIOT: D e
Boe - HaH-
60JIbmHH AHa YCTaHaBJIIIBaeMOro Ha CTaHOK 6a aoaHa, a
TOPoe - HaHOOJIb-
IO mH P HH Y BaKJIa ,n blBaeM O
Ba a p a aB CJIOH Ko p,n a.
HanpHMep, CTaBOK AJIII COOpKII nOKphUUeK Ha nOJIy,nopHOBOM 6apaoaae
C aaH60JIbmHM AHaMeTpOM YCTaHaBJIHBaeMOro 6apa6aHa 750 MM H Ball60JIbmeH
mHpHHOB: CJIOH KOPAa 1100 HM HMeeT CJIeAYIOIQee 060SBa1JeBHe: CTaBOK c;n.n 750 -
1100 rOCT 15940-70. nOCJIe BOBoro OOOSBa1JeHIIII CTaHKa B cKooKax 06b11JBo DPIl-
-
BO,nHTCII CTa poe.
10.4. CTAHKH Am:I C60PKH PAAHAnbHblX nOKPblWEK
B nOCJIe,naee ,neCIITHJIeTlle nepe,nOBble npe,nnpHIITHII mHHHOB: npOMhImJIeHBOCTH
opraHIISOBaJIH MaCCOBoe npOHSBOACTBO nOKpLImeK BOBhIX ROHCTPYR
HB, OTJm1Ja-
IOIQHXCH TeM, 1JTO HHTH Kop.n;a B KapKace pacnOJIaralOTCII Be ,nHarOHaJII>HO, a Me pH-
,nHOHaJIbHO. HanpaBJIeHHe me HHTeH Kop,na B 6peKepaOM nOHce Y nOKpLImeK STIIX
mllB 6JIHSRO K oKpymHocTH (70°). OTe1JeCTBeHHble nOKpLImKH TaKOB: ROHCTPYRInIH
HaSblBalOT pa,nHalIl>HblMH HJIH DOKpblmKaHH THna P, a ,nPyrHe nOKpbIDIKII - AHa-
rOaaJIbHhIMH HJIH THna ):\.
IIoRpbIDIKH THna P HMelOT SHa1JHTeJIbHble npeHMyIQeCTBa nepeA ,nllarOHaJIb-
HblO nOKphImKaMH no TeXHIIKO-9KOBOM1l1JeCKHM nOKaSaTeJIIIM, rJIaBHeB:mHMII Ha
KOTOpblX IIBJIHIOTCH aHa1JHTeJIbHO OOJIbmHB: CpOK cJIym6b1 (np06er), MeHbmaH
Macca H nOHllmeHHblB pacxo,n 9aeprHH Ba Ra1JeBHe.
KpoMe nOKphImeK THna P OTe1JeCTBeHHaH npOMhImJIeHHOCTb BblnYCKaeT pa,nH-
aJIbBhIe nOKpblIDKH THna PC. OcooeHHocTH 9TH X nOKpLImeK SaRJII01JaIOTCII B TOM:,
1JTO OBH COCTOHT HS ,nBYX pas,neJIbHhIX 1JaCTeB:: Kopnyca H npOTeKTopHLlX KOJIe
.
Kopnyc nOKpLlIDKH THna PC OTJIH1JaeTCII OT Kopnyca nORphImKH TilDa P TeM, 1JT0
OH Be COAepmHT 6peKepHoro nOllca, a npOTeKTOp IIMeeT OAHY HJIH TPH npo,nOJIbBhIe
KaHaBKH, B ROTopble BCTaBJIlllOTCII C'beMHhIe npOTeKTopHble ROJIb
a npH 8KCnJIya-
Ta
HII DIIIBbI. C'beMHOe npOTeKTopHoe KOJII>
O COCTOHT HS TOHKoro BHyTpeBBero
peaHHOBoro CJIOII, o,nHoro, ABYX HJIH OOJIbmerO 1JHCJIa pll,nOB 06peSIIBeHHoro MeTaJI-
JIOKop,na H TOJICTOro 6erOBoro peSHHOBoro CJIOJl. B 60JIbmHHCTBe CJIyqaeB B DOKPHm-
Kax P H PC, ocooeHHO ,nJIH rpYSOBblX aBTOM06HJIeB:, npHMeBlleTCII MeTaJIJIII1JeCKHH
KOPA (MeTaJIJIOKOp,n).
TexBoJIorH1JecKHii npo
ecc C60PKB nOKphImeK THna P Ha SaKJII01JHTeJIbBhIX
onepa
HHX CYIQeCTBeaHO OTJIH1JaeTCII OT TeXBOJIOrH1JeCROrO npo
ecca C60PKH ,nHa-
rOHaJI.!'HblX nOKpblmeK. }!
? !.!
.!
!Ja BaJIH1JHH HepaCTllmBMOrO 6peKe a
CTa OH
HJIHH H1JeCKOH nOK blmKe HeJIbSII D H aTb TOpOO paSHYIO PMY. 0-
aTOMY OKpblmKH THna P n p Hxo,nIlTCJI HSrOTaBJIHBaTb B ,nBe CT . CBa1JaJIa
' .
361
C06H alOT Ka KaC HJIHR HqeCKOB 0 MhI, a SaTeM opMOBaHHeM eMY npH,nalOT
TO P OO paSH Y IO OPMY H TOJIbKO nOMe SToro Ha Bero HaKJIa,nblBaroTOpeKep O-
.TeKTOp. 11 0 3TOH npHqB:He H 0 6 0py,nOBaHHe ,nJIH C O OpKH nO-K pLl meK THna P BO MHO-
rOM OTJIH1JaeTCH OT c60p01JHOrO 060py,nOBaHHH ,nJIH ,nHarOHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK.
,IJ.JIH nepBOB H BTO OB CTa,nHB C60PKH nOKpLlmeK THna P 06L1qHO npHMeHHIOT pas-
iibie"cTaHKH. TO me Bpe H MelOTCH CTaBKH, Ha KOTO p LlX MomBO OCYIQeCTBH
e CTaAHH, T. e. nOJIBYro CISOPKY nOKphImKH . .
C TaHKH ,n JIH C60PKH pa,nHaJIbHhIX nOKphImeK KJIaccH4JH HPYIOT no HX HaSHa-
1JeHHIO, T. e. paSJIH1JalOT CTaBKH ,nJI H: 1) JIerKOBLlX, 2) rpYSOBLlX, 3) CeJIbCKOX03HB-
CTBeBBLlX H 4) KPynHora6apHTHLlx mHH, KOTopLle, B CBOIO Oqepe,nb, pas,neJIHIOT Ha
TPH rpynnLl: CTaHKH ,n JIH ne P BoB H BTOpOB: CTa,nHH H CTa RKII IlJIH XCT "iHO B:
o"p' IIpH aTOM CTaBKH ,nJI _,n !. COO H vno KOHCTPYK It'fhl.pa6"
,neJIHTCH H ,nBe no,nrpynnLl: C _ !!OBQ.. _ nHa arMoH . meCTKHM 12.JID!.M
2-apa6aHoM . R'"pO "TOl't),. "HMeeTCH eIQe o,nBa no,nrpynna - arperaTHLle CTaBKH
C",nBYMft H ,name TpeMH 6apa6aHaMH. IIocJIe,nHHe Haxo,nHTCH eIQe B cTa,nHH OCBoeBHH
H nOKa He nOJIyqHJIH pacnpocTpaHeHHH B npOMblmJIeHHOCTH.
Onepa HH Ha nepBOB: CTa,nHH C60PKH pa,nHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK (HsrOTOBJIeBHe
KapKaCOB) He OTJIHqalOTCH OT aHaJIorHqHLlX onepa HB npH c60pKe ,nHarOHaJIbBLlX
nOKphImeK. O,nHaKO He Kam,nLlB CTaHOK ,nJIH C60PKH ,nHarOBaJIbBLlX nOKpLlmeK,
oc06eBHO rpYSOBLlX, CeJIbCKOXOSBCTBeHHLlx H KpynHora6apHTHLlX, npHro,neH ,nJIH
nepBOB CTa,nHH C60PKH nOKphImeK THna P. 06'1>HCBHeTCH aTO TeM, qTO YCJIOBHH
sa,neJIKH 60pTOBOB qaCTH pa,nHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK SHaqHTeJIbHO CJIOmHee, qeM ,nJIH
,nHarOBaJIbHLlx. BMeCTe C TeM npaKTHqeCKH KamALlB: CTaHOK, n;:BaSHaqeHBLl B:
,nJIH n OB CTa,nHH c60pKH nOKpLl TunA P, UpRl'O,D;I'IR "ITa COO __ Bbl COJ;(.OKaqe-
CTBeB:BLl X ,nHa roif .ii!Hbt Xn OKphImeK. IIoaToMY CTaBKH ,nJI nepBOi! CTallHH C6 'p!s' H
pa H 3bHLlX tt6KpLlmeK p06BO paCCMOTpeBLI BLlme, B p i\ s,neJIe 10.3.
---- - --- -.-
-----'". -
10.4.1. CTaHHH AnR C60PHH nerHOBbiX nOHpblweH THna P
B OTeqeCTBeHHOB: npOMLlmJIeBBOCTH JIerKOBLle nOKpLlmKH THna P npOHSBO-
,nHTCH Ha CTaBKax 111-04, CIIII 470-800 (CIIII-66), CIIK-8 H CIIP 330-300. Ha
CTaHKax 111-04 OCYIT{ACTBJIHIOTCH 06e CTaRHH C60PKII , Ha CTaHKax CIIII 470-800
(CIIII-66) H CIIK-8 - TOJIbKO nepBaH (BTO aH CTa HH BLlnOJIHHeTCH Ha C
U1- 04 H CIIP 330-300 H.(lcTaHKax C P - n .l!9 113BO .l{ HTCH TOJIbKO BTO p WL-
, CTa,nHH C OJ'" O nHcaBHe CTaiiKOB Cllll 4 70-8 00 (C IIII-66) H CIU'l - 8 ,naBO Bblme
CM. pas,neJI 10.3.2.2).
CTaBOK 111 04 npOAHaSHaqeH JP.!.,H ,nB xcTa,nHiiHoii IIJlH BTOpoii CTa,nHH c60plm
erKOB HaJIbHblX nOKpLlmeK. Ba a aHOM CTaUKa HBJIHeTCH eSHHOBaH Ha-
parMa. IIpaBaH H JIeBaH CTaBIIHLI CTaHKa pHC. MOHTHPYIOTCH Ha 4JYH-
,naMeBTBOB: nJIHTe 16. CTaHoK KOMnJIeKTyeTcH pOJIHKO-npOKJIaAOqHhlM nHTaTeJIeM 7
Mo,neJIn 114-01, Ha HeM ocy eCTBJIHeTCH nOCJIOBHblB MeTO,n nepBOB H BTOpOB: CTa-
,nHU C60pKH.
B npaBOB: CTaHHHe CMOHTHpoBaB rJIaBHLlB BaJI 13, Ha KOTOpLlB nocameH c60-
p01JBLlB 6apa6aH 6; BHyTpn CTaHHBhI paSMeIQeHLI npHBO,n rJIaBHOrO BaJIa OT Tpex-
CKOpocTHoro aJIeKTpo,nBHraTeJIH nOCTOHBRoro TOKa H nHeBMonpHBO,n npaBoro Kyno-
JI006paSBoro ,nHCKa 10 C ma6JIOHoM. C60POqHLlB: 6apa6aH 6 COCTOHT HS ,nBYX ,nHCKOB
C SaKpenJIeHHOB Ha HHX pesHBoTKaHeBOB: ,nHa4JparMoB. HapymHLle KpOMKH ,nHCKOB
IDIelOT OqepTaHHH, COOTBeTCTBYIOIQHe npo4JHJIIO nJIeqHIWB 6apa6aHa AJIH noca,nKH
KpLlJIbeB npH c60pKe nOKpLlmeK. ,IJ.HCKH 6apa6aHa 6 MOiKHO c,nBHraTb H paS.l{BH-
raTb. ,IJ.Ha4JparMa MomeT Haxo,nHTbCH no,n ,naBJIeHHeM HJIH no,n BaKYYMOM.
Ha JIeBOB CTaHHBe 1 paSMeIQeH TaKme KynoJIo06paSHLlB AHCK 4 C Haxo,nHIQHMCH
BByTpH Bero ma6JIOHOM 3. ):\BHmeHHe KynoJIo06pasHoMY ,nHCKY 4 C ma6JIOHOM 3
no BanpaBJIeHHIO K c60POqHOMY 6apa6aHY 6 HJIH OT Hero c006IQaeT nHeBMO HJIHB,np
362
CBO,nHT ,nIlCKH Ba onpe,neJIeBHYIO BeJIHqHBY C O,nBOBpeMeHHLlM nO,n.ny&OM ,nHa-
tlJparMhI, npeBPaIQaH ee liS
HJIHH,npa B TOp, BospaCTalOIQHB no ,nHaMeTpy ,no orpa-
HH1JRTeJleH KynoJIo06paSHYX ,nHCKOB. BpaIQaH Tenepb Topo06paSBLlB 6apa6aB
CO c4JopMoBaHBhIM Ha HeM KapKaCOM B BaOpaBJIeBHH «Ba ce6H», BaKJIa,nLlBaIOT CJIOH
6peKepa, no,naBaeMble C nHTaTeJIH, H npHKaThIBaIOT HX. 3aTeM BaKJIa,nLlBaIOT H CTLI-
KYIOT npOTeKTOp, npHKaTLlBaIOT
eBTpaJIbBYIO 1JaCTb ero 6erOBOH ,nopomKH, KynOJIO-
06paSHLle ,nHCKR OTBO,nHT, YBeJIH1JHBaIOT ,naBJIeBHe B ,nHatIJparltfe ,no 0,15 MIla H
npHKaTLlBalOT BeCb npOTeKTOp. HaKJla,nhIBaIOT 60KOBHBLI, YCHJIRTeJIbHLle JleBTOqKH
H npOHSBo,nHT OKOB1JaTeJlbHYIO npHKaTKY. IIocJIe cmaTHH ,nHatIJparMbI (no,n BaRYY-
MOM) CBHMaIOT rOTOBYIO nOKpLlmKY C 6apa6aBa.
TeXHHqeCKaH xapaKTepHCTHKa CTaHKa 111-04 npHBe,neBa HHme (CM. Ta6J1. 10.7).
IIpeHMYIQecTBa onHcaBHoro CTaBKa 111-04 COCTOHT B npOBe,neBHH 06eHx
cTa,nIlB c60pKH P8AHaJIbHLlX nOKphImeK Ba O,nBOM 6apa6aBe. 3TO cnoc06cTByeT
nOBhUUeHHIO KaqeCTBa nOKphImeK, TaK KaK npH HX Ha,neBaBHH nOCJIe nepBoB CTa,nHH
c60pKH Ba BOBhIH 6apa6aB Hs-sa Tpy,nBOCTH HX u,eHTpHpOBaBHH 1JaCTO BOSBHI<aIOT
,netIJeKTLI. CTaBoK HMeeT CJIe,nYIOIQHe Be,nOCTaTKH: 1) BHSKaH npoHsBo,nHTeJlbBOCTb;
2) He 06eCne1JHBaeTCH cTa6HJIltBOCTb paSMepOB c06HpaeMhIX nOKpLlmeK, nOCKOJIbKY
C60POqHLlM 6apa6aBOM HBJIHeTCH peSHBOBaH ,nHatIJparMa, KOTopaH npH SKCnJIyaTa-
IIH paSHamRBaeTCH; 3) KaqeCTBO npHKaTKH CJIOeB Kop,na Ha pesHBoBoH ,nHatIJparMe
xyme, 1JeM npH HCnOJIbSOBaHIIH meCTKoro 6apa6aHa; 4) 06pa60TKa 60pTOB nOKpLl-
meK He MexaBIISHpOBaHa, BCJle,nCTBHe qero OHH nOJIyqalOTcH BeMOBOJIHTHLlMH.
IIpll HCnOJlbSOBaHHH CTaHKa 111-04 ,nJIII BTOpOB CTa,nHH C60PKH (BanpHMep,
nOKpLlmeK 155-330P) npOHSBo,nHTeJIItBOCTb ero BOSpaCTaeT ,no 16 nOKpLlmeK/1J
BMeCTO 7 nOKphImeK/q npll BLlnOJIBeBHH 06eHx cTaAHH C60pKH. HanOMBHM, 1JTO
Ha CTaBKe CIIII 470- 800 (CIIII-66) sa 11J c06HpalOT 27 KapKaCOB. IIpH 8TOM npH-
KaTKa CJlOeB KapKaCOB H 06pa60TKa 60PTOBOB HX qaCTH Ba CTaHKe CIIII 470-800
(CIIII-66) B:bIDOJlBHIOTCH SHaqHTeJlbHO JlY1Jme. O,ttBaKo, npll TaKOH TeXBOJlOrllll Be
HCKJII01JaeTCH nOHBJleBHe ,netIJeKTOB, CBHsaBBLlX CO CMeIQeHHeM 6peKepa II npOTeK-
Topa B rOTOBOH nOKphImKe.
CTaHOK CUP 330-300. TaK KaK npoHSBo,nHTeJIItHOCTb npH ,nByxcTa,nHBBoH
c60pKe pa,nHaJIItHblX nOKpLlmeR SBaqHTeJIbBO BLlme, qeM npH o,nBocTa,nIlBBoH c60pKe,
. H nOCKOJIItKY KOBCTPYK
HH C60p01JHOrO CTaHKa 111-04 YCTapeJla, 6L1JI Daspa60TaB
CTaBOK CIIP 330-300 ,n JIH BTOpOB CTa,nHH C60P K H Jl e r KOB hIX nOKpLlmeK TIlDa P
MaCCOBoro accopTHMeHTa. 3TOT CTaBOK no cpaBHeBHIO CO CTaBKOM 111-04 HMeeT
ycoBepmeBcTBoBaHHhIe H 60JIee Ba,nemHLle B a60Te OCHOBBhIe SJIhI H MexaBBaMii.
TaBOK CHa meH MexaBHsHpoBaBBLlM CKJla OM JlH X aHeBHII
n OTeKTO OB, MexaBHSMaMH JIH HX no,naqH Ba 01J H,
}TItasaTeJIIIMH
eHTpa apa6aHa. 0 OqHLlH 6a a6aB HMeeT CT OHCTBa JIll tlJHK-
ca
HH 60DTOB nOKphImKH. ;j TH YCOBepmeBCTBOBaBHII cnoco CTBYIOT nOBhImeHHIO
KaqeCTBa nOKphImeK H O OJI enaIOT YCJIOBHH Tpy,na C60PIQHKa.
o HaKO CT K
HII C60pOqBOrO 6apa6aBa Y CTaBKa CIIP 330-300, npe,nCTa-
DJIllIO ero C060B sam81 Jla MH HBOBYIO ,nHa parMY, TaKall me,
KaK Y CTaBKa , H IIMeeT, CJle,noBaTeJIbBO, Bce OTMe'leBBLle BLlme Be,nocTaTKH,
KOTODLle CBOHCTBeBBhI TI;lKOI\1Y THny oapaoaBoB.
IIpHBO,J;l;HM KpaTKYIO TeXBH1JecKYIO xapaKTepHcTHKy CTaBKa CIIP 330-300:
PaSMep c060paeMLlx OOKpLlJDeK . . . . . . . . .
UpOOSBOABT8J1bBOCTb (paC1leTllu), mr/'l . . . . .
AOaMeTp ABal{iparMLl, MM . . . . . . . . . .
PaOOTOIIBDe Me»CAY l{inas
aMB ABacl!parMLl, MM
ABaMeTp orpaBD'lBTeneii, MM . . . . . . . .
AaBJIeBDe BosAyxa B C8TO, MUa ......
BaKYYM, MM pT. CT. . . . . . . . . . . . .
06maa MOmBOCTb aneKTpoABorarenei, KBT
. . .
155-330 P;
165-330 P
18
362
165-350
532
0,6
350-400
6
364
ra6apOTBLle paSMepLl, MM
nnBa . 3600
mopBBa 2000
BLlCOTa ....... 1300
Macca, T ....... 3.7
CTaBOK c mOOTKBM cl»OpM)'IO M oapaoaHOM. B DOCJIe,nHHe ro,nLl BeKOTopLle
3a 6emHLle 4JHPMhI CTaJIH BhID CKaT& CTaBKH J1H COx nOK hImeR
C meCTKHMH 0PMYIOIQHMH a a aBaMB. aKOH CTaHOK DOKasaB Ha pHC.
a HellmeH qaCTbIO ero HBJIHeTCH meCTKHH 4JOPMYIOIQHH 6apa6aH , npHH HnHaJlb-
BaH cxeMa YCTpODCTBa KOToporo npHBe,neBa Ba pllC . 10 . 2 . R aK BHABO HS pHCyaRa,
6apa6aH nocameB Ba nOJILlH rJIaBHLlB BaJI 8. Ha npaBOM H J1eBOM ,nHCKax 1 noca-
meHLI paspeSHhIe KOJlb a 3, CBHsaHHLle Me)RjJ;Y C060H Ba60poM MeTaJIJIHqeCKIIX
nJlaCTHH 4. 3TH nJIaCTlIBhI C BaTHBYTOH Ba BHX peSHHOBOH ,nHa4JparMoB 6 npH no-
MOIQH 4JopMYIOIQerO MexaBHSMa 5 HSMeBHIOT 4JOPMY 6apa6aHa.
BHYTpH nOJIoro BaJIa 8 Baxo,nHTCH BIIBT 9 C HapesaBBoB C 06eHx ero CTOpOB
npaBoB H J1eBOH pesb60H pasBoro mara. Ha npaBYIO H JIeBYIO pesb6L1 aToro BHBTa
C OAHHM marOM BaBepHyThI ,nHCKH 1, a Ba npaBYIO H JIeBYIO pesb6h1 C ,nPyrHM ma-
;rOM - xo,nOBhIe raBKH 7 4JopMYIOIQero MexaHHSMa 5. COOTHOmeBHe Mem,ny maraMH
pesb6 AOJImHO 6L1Tb TaKoe, 1JT06L1 06eCneqHTb CTporo Topo06pasBoe 01JepTaBHe
nOBepXHOCTH 6apa6aHa npH 4JopMoBaBHH nOKphImKH H HJlHB,npll1JeCKYIO OPMY
npH BaJlOmeHHH CJIOeB Kop,na. IIpH BpaIQeHHH BHHTa 9 B O,nBOM HanpaBJIeHHH 6apa-
6aB npH06peTaeT Topo06pasHYIO 4JOPMY, a npH BpaIQeHHH ero B 06paTHoM Hanpa-
BJIeBHII - HJIHH,np.llqecKYIO.
Ha60p npymHBHIQHX MeTaJIJIHqeCKHX nJlaCTHB 4 no,n peSHBOBOH ,nHa4JparMoH 6
06eCneqHBaeT ,nOCTaTOqBYIO meCTKOCTb 6apa6aBa B HJIHH,npH'IeCKOM H Topo06pas-
BOM BH,ne. BJIaro,napH STOMY cos,naIOTCH He06xo,nHMhIe yCJIOBHH ,nJIH B8,nJIemaIQei
npHKaTKH CJlOeB H ,npyrHx ,neTaJIeH nOKphIWKH B npo ecce ee C60PKH, a TaKme
UCKJIlOqaeTCH BOSMomHOCTb paSBamHBaBHH pesHBoBoH AHa4JparMLI B npo ecce ee
SKCnJIyaTa HH.
Mem,ny ,nHCKaMH 1 H paspeSHLlMH KOJIb aMH 3 HMelOTCH nBeBMaTHqeCKHe Ka-
MephI 2, npH no,naqe B KOTopLle cmaToro Bos,nyxa ,nHaMeTp 6apa6aBa YBeJIHqllBaeTCH
npHMepBO Ba 50 MM. 8TO nOSBOJIHeT T01JBO 4JHKCHpOB8Tb KpblJIbH npH IIX noca,nKe
J:J npo ecce c60pKH nOKphImKH, Kor,na 06e CTa,nIlH C60PKII npOHSBo,nHTCII Ba O,nBOM
CTaHKe, a TaKme c06paHBhIB: KapKac no 60pTaM nOKpLlmKB nepe,n ee 4JopMoBaBHeM,
KorAa CTaHOK HCDOJI&syeTcH ,nJIH BTOpOB CTa,nHH C60pKH.
MexaBHsM CTaHKa ,nJlH 06pa60TKH 60pTOB nOKphImKH COCTOHT liS nocameBHoro
Ba fJlaBBLlH BaJI CTaHKa Kopnyca, paSMeIQeBHI>B Ba aTOM Kopnyce CHCTeMLI phI1Ja-
rOB, peSHBOBOB ,nHa4JparMLI H YCTpOHCTBa ,nJIH 4JHKca HII KphIJIa.
IIHTaTeJIb CTaBKa ,nJIH CJlOeB Kop,na II Kop,n-6peKepa COCTOHT H8 Kopnyca,
c06paHHoro HS MeTaJIJIH'IeCKHX Tpy6, H CMeHBhIX KapeTOK - KapTym CO CJIOHMH
1wp,na II Kop,n-6peKepa. PaCKpoeHHhIH H COCThIKOBaBHLlB KOp,n saKaTLlBaeTCH
B PYJIOHhI, Baxo,nHIQHeCH Ba KapeTKax. IIocJIe,nHHe no,naIOTCH K nHTaTeJIIO, BKaThI-
BaIOTCH B HMeIOIQHeCH AJIH HHX B Kopnyce rBes,na H SaKpenJIIlIOTCH B CTporo sa-
.,naHBOM nOJlOmeBHH COOTBeTCTBYIOIQHMII 4JHKCHPYIOIQHMH YCTpOHCTBaMB.
B Kopnyce CMOBTHpOBaBhI aBTOMaTH1JeCKHe pOJlHKOBLle TpaBcnopTepLl IJlII
no,na1Jll Ba C60P01JBLlB 6apa6aB CJIOeB Kop,na H Kop,n-6peKepa H8 Ka)RjJ;OH KapeTKH,
.8JIeKTpOnpHBo,nhI ,nJIH paCKaTKH CJIOeB liS Kam,nOB KapeTKH, aBTOMaTH1JeCKHe eBTpH-
pYIOIQUe H KOMDeHCa 1I0HBhIe YCTpOHCTBa C CHCTeMaMB ynpaBJIHIOIQHX OT08JIeMeB-
TOB, JIOTKH C YCTpODCTBaMB ,nJIH eHTpHpOBaBHH H perYJIHpOBaHHII BaTllmeBHII
.CJIOeB Kop,na npH HX HaJIOmeBHH Ba C60P01JBLlB 6apa6aH.
IIHTaTeJIb ,nJlH npOTeKTopOB B 60KOBHH YCTaBaBJIHBaeTCH no eHTpy
-c60pOqBOrO 6apa6aHa CO CTOpOHLI pa601Jero MeCTa C60pIQHKa nOKphImeK. OR
COCTOHT HS CBapBOH paMLI, Ba KOTOpOH paSMeIQeBLI pOJIIIKOBhIe CTOJILI AJIH npo-
'l'eKTOpa, H 60KOBHH C COOTBeTCTBYIOIQHMH eBTpHpYIOIQHMB H BhIpaBHHBalOIQHIrOI
YCTpOHCTBaMH. 3TH CTOJIhI MorYT nOBOpa1JHBaT&CII Ba paMe DBTaTeJIH Ba 90°.
365
OnHcaBHLlH CTaHOK C meCTKHM 0 M IOIQHM 6apa6aHOM TI>
O ,nHOCJI0I!!! Lle H n
yxcJIoiiB ble nOK p Ll mKII CO cxe Mo D O p Ta d - 1» H
. CTaBOK
MOmeT pa60TaTb B pyqaOM H aBTOMaTH1JeCKOM pemHMe. IIpH pyqHOM pemllMe CTaHOK
ynpaBJIlleTCH npll nOMOIQH KHOn01JBOH CHCTeMLI. ):\JIH aBTOMaTH1JeCKOrO pemHMa
BCe Onepa
HH 3anpOrpaMMHpOBaHhI. YnpaBJIeHHe Be,neTCH C nOMOIQbIO neptIJo-
KapTLI.
Cym;eCTBeHBLIM He,nOCTaTKOM CTaBKa HBJIHeTCH CJIOmBOCTb KHHeMaTIIKH MeXa-
HH3MOB, HX KOHCTpYK
HH, CHCTeMhI ynpaBJIeBHH H B CBHSH C 8THM He,nOCTaT01JBaH
BX Ha,nemBOCTb. OqeBb CJIOmHa nepeCTpOHKa CTaHKa Ha BLlnYCK nOKphImeK APY -
2.P?,. pa3Mep-
..lIilme npHBe,neHa TeXHHqeCKaH XapaKTepHCTHKa CTaBKa:
PaaMepLl OOCa
O'lHOrO AD8MeTpa DO OOOAY c06upa-
eMLlX OOKpLlmeK,
iiMLl . . . . . . . 12-16
npOOSBO
DTenbHOCTb (npoeKTBall), mT/q 14
AOaMeTp c60po'lHoro 6apa6aHa, MM
B OCXO
BOM oono»ceHUU
B paa»caTOM COCTORHun: .
B TOpo06paaBOM BRAe ....
mOpDBa C60pO'lBOro 6apa6aHa, MM . . . . . . .
qacTOTa BpameBBR 6apa6aua, 06/MOB . . . . . .
3JleKTpOABRraTenb OOCTOHHBoro TORa opBBo
a 6a-
pa6aBa
MOmHOCTb, RBT .....
qaCTOTa BpameUKR, 06/M8H
ra6apoTBHe paaMepu, MM
JlOBa .
IDBpDBa
BLlCOTa .......
Macca, T
320-360
360-4."
525-6& .
276-444
20-120
5.5
2450
5697
1560
1155
2.5
):\J1H C60PKH JIerKOBhIX pa,nRaJIbHLlX nOKphImeK pll,n
X H M BLln
RaeT ar eraTHLle BKH C BYMH C60POqHhIMH 6apa'6aBaMH. Ha O,nHOM 6apa aBe, .
_. _me C TKOM, d'J o p M YIO IQeM, OnHCa ! H'--! Q£ oro o hIJI
e3
,o Bb!me, T. e. c05B:-
JL
T KaURaCLI nQR!Th!m. e
,n
J1KOH K
JIb
.!
a
o
II
M 05
OB
,I!, a
a BT OpOM
c ooHpaIOT B 6paCJIeT 6peKep H npoTeKTop. 3 aTeM npH nOMOm;H nepe,nBHmBoro ma:6-
)ioBa-Koab
a cO b paHHLlH 6paCJIeT 6peKepa C npoTeKTopoM aBTOMaTHqecKH nepe-
DOCHTCH H BaKJla,nblBaeTCH Ha oepBhIH 6apa6aB, Ha ROTOpOM CtIJOpMOBaB KapKac.
3,necb npoHsBo,nHTCH npllKaTKa aToro 6paCJIeTa K KapKacy H 3aBepmaeTCH npo
ecc
e60pKII nOKpLlmKH. BLloycKaIOTcH nOJIHOCTblO aBToMaTHsHpoBaBHhIe CTaBKH, r,ne
BeCb' npo
ecc C60PKH 3anporpaMMHpoBaH H BLlnOJIHHeTcH.npH nOMolItH SJIeKTpO-
nHeBMaTH1JeCKOH cxeMLI.
'.
10.4.2. CTaHKH Ami C60PKH rpY30BbiX nOKpblweK THna P
B OTeqeCTBeHHOH mHHHOH npOMLlmJIeHHOCTH c60pKa rpy30BLlx nOKpLlmeK THna
P OpODSBO,nHTCH Ha ,nBYX CTaHKax. l1epBaR: CTa,nHR: (c6opKa KapKaCOB nOKpLImeK)
npoH3Bo,nHTCH 6paCJIeTBLlM H nOCJIOHHLlM MeTo,nOM Ha YBHBepCaJIbHLlX c60po1JHLlX
CTaHKax ,nJIH rpyaoBLlx nOI<pLlmeK, Ha KOTOpLlX c06HpaIOT ,nHarOHaJlbHLle nOKpLlmKII,
a BTopaH - ua Cnen;HaJIbHLlX CTaHKaX C tlJopMYIOm;eH pe3HBoBoH ,nHatIJparMoH.
CTauKH ,nu ncpBoii cTa,nHH COOpKH pa,nHaJl&HhlX rpysoBblX nOKphlweK. ):\JIH
06eCne1JeHHH BLlCOKoro HaqeCTBa KapKacoB pa,nHaJIbHLlX nOKpLlmeK YUHBepCaJIbBLIB:
MexaHB3M IIHHerHHa Ha CTaHKax C SaAeJIKoii: 60pTOB Ha HenoABHmHoM 6a pa6aHe
6L1J1 CYIQccTBeBHo nepepa60TaH H ycoBepmeHCTBOBaB. OCHalIteBHLle OO,n06HLlMB
MexaHH3Mallfll C60pOqRLIe CTaHKH CII
-5M H CII
rr-9II BLlnycKaJIHCb COOTBeTCT-
BeBBO nOA HH,neKcaMII CII):\-5IIP H CII
II-9IIP. HaH60JIee cOBepmeHHLlM yaHBep-
CaJIbBhIM MexaHH3MoM, 06eCneQHBalOm;HM 06pa60TKY 60pTOB nOKpLlmeK 6e3 CKJIa-
,nOK, OCHam;eHhI CTaHKH Cn):\Y-65II H AII):\-II3. OnHcaHHe aTHX CTaHKOB HMexaBHS-
MOB npJlBe,neHO BLlme (CM. pa3,neJI 10.3.3.2).
llepBaH CTaAIIH C60PRH rpYSOBLlX pa,nHaJlbBLlX nORpLImeK Ba MBorHX sapy6em-
BblX SaBO,naX BLlnOJIBHeTCH Ba CTaBKaX C nOJIynJIOCKHMH H ,name nJIOCKHMH 6apa6a-
BaMH. BOSMomBOCTb npHMeBeBHH TaKoro THna CTaHKOB nOHBHJlaCb BCJle,nCTBHe
Toro, 1JTO sa nOCJIe,nBee BpeMH rpYSOBLle pa,nllaJlJ.BLle nORpbIDIKR, B TOM 1JIICJIe D
60JIbmerpYSBbIe, ,neJlaIOTCH C O,nBIIM MO
BbIM KOJlI>
OM B 60pTe, a BeKOTopLle sapy-
6emBble cJ!HPMbI BLlnYCKalOT rpYSOBLle pa,nHaJlbHLle nOKpLImKH, Y KOTOpLlX He TOJIb-
KO 6peKepBLlB nOHC, HO H KapKac c,neJlaBhI HS 06peSHBeBBoro MeTaJlJlOKOPAa.
3a,neJlKa 60pTa Ba YRaSaBBLlX CTaBKax Be,neTCH Ha Bp8lItalOlIteMCH H Beno,n-
BR)RBOM 6apa6aBax. IIpllMeBHIOTCII TaKme CTaBKH C paCmHpHIOIQIIMHCH no AHaMeTpy
6apa6aHaMH. TaKHe CTaBKH pa60TalOT CJle,nYIOIItHM 06paSOM. Ha 6apa6aBe, CJIO-
meBBOM ,nO HaHMeHbmero paSMepa, c06HpaeTCH 6paCJleT KapKaca *. 3aTeM nOCJIe
YBeJlH1JeHHH AHaMeTpa 6apa6aBa Ba 50-60 MM npOHSBo,nHTCH noca,nKa RpLlJIbea,
7
" 2
hc. 10.30. CTaBOK CllP-H2M AnI( BTOpOB CT&ABB c60pKO rpysoBLlX DOKpLlJDeK TBDa P:
1 - DpHBOJl DpBKaTO'lHoro MexaBu3Ma; 2 - BOIRHYe neJlanu ynpaBneHUs; a - npUKaTO'IH.bJ1t MexaHU8M; 4 -
41yRJlaMeHTRas finHTa; 6 - rnaBm.Dt Ban; 6 - BanpaBmlJOlI(ue ,ltUCKO; '1 - Jluacj)parMa: 8 - ma6noB Jlns 6pe-
KepHoro 6pacneTa; 9 - BHBT C TOpM030M; 10 - KaHan JIM nOJlaqo B03J1yxa B JlUal/lparMY; 11 - CTaRRHa;
11 - npRBOJl rnaBHoro Bana; 18 - KPOBDITeilB; 14.16 - KOoe'lHlole BIIIKmoqaTenU; 16 - KOBTPOJIbHYIt JlUCK.
06pa60TKa 60PTOB, BaJIOmeBlle 60KOBHB H HX npHKaTKa. IIocJle 8TOrO 6apa6aB
CKJla,nLlBaIOT BHOBb ,nO BaHMeBbmero ,nHaMeTpa, C06paBBhIB: KapKaC CBIIMalOT C 6apa-
6aHa H nepe,nalOT Ha BTOpYIO CTa,nHIO C60pKH.
CTaHKII ,nU BTOpoii CTa,nHH COOpKB rpYSOBblX nOKpblmeK TRDa P. B OTeqecTBeB-
HOB: mIlHHOB: npOMLlmJIeBBOCTH ,nJlH BTOPOH CTa,nHH C60PKH rpYSOBLlX nOKpLlmeR
TRna P npHMeHHeTCH CTaHOK CIIP-II2M (pHC. 10.30), BLlnYCKaeMhIB: saBo,nOM
«.fI pnOJIHMepMam».
B CTaBHHe 11 paSMelIteBLI nO;I\mHnHHKH rJIaBBOro BaJIa 5 II ero npHBO,n 12.
Ha rJlaBHOM BaJlY 5 CMOHTHpOBaBLI Ba BTYJlKaX BanpaBJlHIOIQHe ,nHCKH 6 C saKpe-
nJleBBOB: B HIIX peSHBOBOH ,nHatIJparMOB: 7 II ma6JIOB 8. HanpaBJIHIOlItHe ,nHCKH KpOMe
BpalIteHHH BMeCTe C rJlaBBLlM BaJIOM MoryT nepeMelItaTbCH no ero OCH npH tlJop-
MOBaBHH KapKaca nOKpLlmKH HJlH npH BOSBpalIteBHH B Hcxo,nHoe nOJIOmeHHe.
CmaTLlH BOS,nyX no,naeTCH B ,nHatIJparMY 7 qepes KaBaJl 10, BbICBepJleBBLlB:
BHyTPH rJIaBBOrO BaJIa. PaccToHHHe Mem,ny HanpaBJIHlOlItHMH ,nHCKaMH aBTOMaTH-
qeCKH KOHTpOJIHPyeTcH Cne
HaJII>HLlM YCTpoiicTBOM, HMelO
HM ,nBa KOBe1JHLlX BhI-
RJIlOqaTeJIH 14 H 15 H KOHTPOJlI>BLlH ,nHCK 16. IIocJIe,nHHB:, 6y,nyqH )ReCTKO nocameB-
· llpo MeTannOKOp
OM KapRace 6paCJIeT '1aCTO AeJlaeTCl( OABOCJIoiiBLIM.
368
BLIM Ba oABoii BTYJIKe C npaBLlM BanpaBJIlllOIQHM ,nHCKOM 6, npH CBoeM ,nBHmeBHB
BnpaBO BamHMaeT Ba KOHeqHhIii BLlKJllOqaTeJlb 14 H OCTaBaBJIHBaeT BanpaBJlHIOlItHe
AHCKH B HCXO,nBOIII nOJlOmeHHH. IIpH ,nBllmeHHH KOBTpOJlbBOrO ,nHCKa BJleBO OB
BamHMaeT Ba BhIKJII01JaTeJIb 15 H OCTaBaBJlIIBaeT BanpaBJlHIOIQHe ,nHCKH B nOJIome-
BHH OKOBqaHHII cJ!opMoBaBHH KapKaca nOKpLlmKH.
ma6J10B 8 npe,nBaSHneH ,nJIH no,na1JH 6peKepBoro 6pacJIeTa Ba ctlJopMoBaH-
BLIH KapKac nOKpLlmKH. ):\BH)HeBHe ma6J10Ba no OCH rJIaBBOrO BaJla ocym;eCTBJlII-
eTCH npH nOMOIItH ,nBYX nBeBMO HJIHH,npOB, npHKpenJleHBLlX K CTaBHHe CTaBKa.
CTaBOK pa60TaeT CJIe,nYIOIQHM 06pasoM. Ha,neBalOT Ha ma6J10B 6peKepBLlH
6paCJIeT, a Ba AllatIJparMY KapKac, eBTpHpYH ero no HanpaBJlHIOIItHM AHcKaM.
B ,nHatIJparMY no,nalOT BOS,nyx ,naBJIeBHeM OT 0,05 ,no 0,15 MIla; OBa npllBHMaeT
Topo06pa3BYIO tlJOPMY H npH,naeT TaKYIO me cJ!OPMY RapKacy. B 8TOM H 3aKJlI01JaeTCII
onepa HH tlJopMoBaBHH. Ha CtlJopMoBaBHLlH TaKHM 06pa30M KapKac Ba,neBalOT 6pe-
KepBhIH 6paCJIeT, no,nBo,nH ero K KapKacy ma6J10BOM 8. IIocJle tlJHKca HH 6peKep-
Boro 6pacJleTa pyqBLlM pOJlHKOM 11 npHKaTKH npHKaT01JHLlM MexaHHSMOM BaKJT8,nLl-
BaIOT II npHKaTLlBalOT npOTeRTOp. CnycKalOT B03,nyX HS ,nHatIJparMbI, paSBo,nHT
a8npaBJlHIOlItHe ,nIlCKH B Hcxo,nBoe nOJlOmeBHe H CBHMalOT co CTaBKa rOTOBYIO no-
KpLlmKY.
CTaHOK CIIP-II2M npOCT no KOBCTPYK HH, JlerKO II 6L1CTpO nepecTpaHBaeTcH
npH nepexo,ne Ba IISrOTOBJleHHe nOKpLlmKII ,nPyroro paSMepa H OCBalIteB MexaBHS-
MaMII H aBTOMaTHQeCKHMlI YCTpOHCTBaMH ,nJIII BLlnOJIHeBHH HaH60JIee OTBeTCTBeB-
BhIX C60P01JHhIX onepa HH.
OCBOBBbIMH He,nOCTaTKaMII CTaBKa HBJIHeTCH BaJIH1JHe B BeM pa3BamHBalO eHcH
pe311HoBoH ,nHatIJparMLI H OTCYTCTBHe MexaBH3HpOBaBBhIX nHTalOlItHX YCTPOHCTB.
TexHH1JecKaH xapaKTepHCTHKa CTaBKa npHBe,neHa Bllme (CM. Ta6JI. 10.7).
CTaHKB C meCTKBM cl»OPMYJO HM OapaoaHoM ,nu c60pKB rpyaoBhlx nosphlweR
THDa P. TaKHe CTaHKH npHMeHHIOTcH Ha pH,ne sapy6emHLlx saBo,noB. IIo npHBlJ,Hny
YCTpoHcTBa H pa60TLI 3TH CTaBKH MaJIO OTJIH1JaIOTCH OT Do,n06BLlX CTaBKOB ,nJIH
C60PKH JlerKOBLlX pa,nHaJlbBLlX nOKpLlmeK, onHcaHHe KOTOpLlX 6L1JIO npHBeJleHO
B pas,neJIe 10.4.1.
10.4.3. CTaHKH AnR C60PKH TpaKTopHblX
H cenbcKOX03R.,cTseHHblx nOKpblweK THna P
B OTeQeCTBeHBOH mOBOH npOMbImJIeHBOCTH ,nJIH C60PKH MaJIOCJIOHBLlX O,nBo-
KpLlJILlX TpaKTopHLlX H CeJlbCKOX03HHCTBeBBhIX nOKpLlmeK TIlDa P npHMeBHeTCII
CTaHOK JIMO-325, KOTOpLlH no npHB IIDY YCTpOHCTBa no,n06eB CTaBKY 111-04
,nJIH C60PKH JlerKOBLlX pa,nHaJIbBLlX nOKpbIDIeK.
Ha STOM CTaHKe MomBO c06HpaTb DOKpbIDIKH 6paCJIeTBLlM, nOCJIOHBhIM H 1\0111-
6HBHpOBaHHLlM MeTo,naMH. 3a,neJIKa 60pTa Ba CTaBKe Be MeXaBHSHpOBaBa. $OpMO-
BaBHe KapKaca, BaJIO)HeBHe 6peKepa, npOTeKTopa II PyrHx ,neTaJIeH npOH3Bo,nHT
B OCBOBBOM TaKHM me cnoc060M, KaK H npH c60pKe JlerKOBLlX pa,nHaJIbBLlX nOKpLl-
meK Ba CT8BKe 111-04.
CTaBOK JIMO-325 HBJllleTCH nepBoH MO eJII>IO OTe1JeCTBeBBLlX CTaBKOB, npeA-
BaSBa1JeHBLlX ,nJIH C60PKII CeJlbCKOXOSHHCTBeBBLlX pa,nllaJIbBhIX nOKphImeK C TeR-
CTHJlbBhIM KOp,nOM B KapKace H 6peRepe C MaRCHMaJIbBhIM ,nllaMeTpOM no 060,ny
,no 38". OB npHMeHHeTCH ,nJIH ,nByxcTa,noHoH C60PKH, BKJIlOlIalOlIteii BeCb IJ,HKJI
onepa lIH, HJIH TOJIbKO ,nJIII BTOpOH CTa,nIlH C60PKII - OT tlJopMoBaBHH KapKaca
,no SaKJII01JlITeJIbHbIX onepa ii. IIpH c60pKe 6paCJIeTHLlM MeTo,nOM 6paCJIeThI Ha
6apa6aH Ba,neBalOT BPY'lHYIO npll nOMolItH ,nepeBHHBoH CKaJlKH. B OTe1JeCTBeHHOB
npOMLlmJleBBOCTH CeJIbCKOXOSHiicTBeBBhIe nOKpLlmKH c06HpaIOTcH DOCJlOBHbIM
MeTO,nOM.
IIos,nHee 6hIJI BLlnYlIteH CTaBOK CIIP-70, npe,nHaSHa1JeHBLlH ,nJIH BTOpOB CTap;HH
C60pKH. eTaHOK CIIP-70 IIMeeT pH YCOBepmeBCTBOBaBHLlX YSJIOB H MexaHH3MOB
24 3aKa8 163 369
DO CpaBHeHHIO C aBaJIOrH1JHLlMH YSJIaMH H MeXaBHSMaMH CTaHKa JIMO-325, O,nHaKO
npHHInIn YCTpOHCTBa H nOpH,nOK BLlnOnHeHHH C60P01JBhIX Onepa HH B OCHOBHOM
OCTaJIHCb TaKIIMH )He, KaK ,nJIH CTaHKa JIMO-325. TexBH1JecKaH xapaKTepHCTHKa
CTaBKOB JIMO-325 H CIIP-70 npHBe,neHa HHme (CM. B Ta6JI. 10.7).
CTaBRD AU c60pRD spynaOl'aOapHTHYX P8AHMbHYX nospymes. KpynHo-
ra6apIITBLle paAHaJIbHLle nOKphImKH MHorocnoHBLI H IIMeIOT ,nBa-TpH KpLlna
'B 60pTe. B OTeqeCTBeHHoH npoMLlmneHHocTH ORH c06HpalOTcH Ha ,nBYX CTaHKax.
Ami nepnoH CTa,nHH C60PKII (HarOTOBJIeHHe KapKacoB) npHMeHHIOTCH CTaHKp.
Cll):\ 970-1500 (110-04A) H CII):\ 1150-1900 (Cll):\-68K-1) C DHTaTenHMH, TaK KaK
.c60pKa npOHSBO]J.RTCH nOCJIOHHLlM HJIII KOM611HRpOB8HHLlM MeTo,nOM. lloKpLlmKH C
"" ! I ;
....J =!--
Poco 10.31. CTaBOK CIIP-70K AJiR BTOpoii CTaAOB c60pKO Kpyosora6apoTBl>lx PaABaJlbHLlX
DOKpLlJDeK:
1 - JleBali CTaHHDa; 2 - DHeBMoURJDIB,II.p; a - DOBopOTBali roJlOBKa: 4 - JleBW KyDoJloo(jpasm.Dt )lRCK; S -
MeXaHR8M DpUKaTKR; 6 - JleBW RaDpaBJllllOlI(RII: )lUCK; '1 - )luacj)pal'Ma; 8 - CBeTOBoe I{eBTpHpYlOlI(ee DPU-
cDoco6neHRe; 9 - DYJlbT yDpaBJleRHJI: 10 - IJpaBali CTaHHRa; 11 - mKa41 yupaBJIeHHR; 12 - 9J1eKTPO)lBlII'a"
Tem. MeXaJUlSMa DpHKaTKR.
mRpHHOH CJIOeB MeHbwe 1500 !\1M C06HP8IOTCII Ha CTaHKaX CII -970-1500 (110-04A),
a nOKpLlmKH C mBpHHoH CJIOeB BLIwe 1500 MM - Ha CTaHKax CII 1150-1900
(CII):\-68R-1). OmmaHHe YCTpoHcTBa H pa60TLI <lTHX CTaHKOB npHBo,nHJIOCb BhIme
(CM. pas,n. 10.3.3.2).
BTopaH CTa,nHH C60PKH KPynHora6apBTHoH pa,nHanbHoH nOKpLlmKJI npOHS-
BOAHTCH Ha CTaHKax CllP-70R (pHC. to.31). 3TOT CTaHOK HBJIHeTCH HOBOH MO,nH4JH-
l\an;lIeH CTaHKOB JIMO-325 H CllP-70. OH npe,nBaaHaqeH ,nnH c60pKn KpynHora6a-
pBTHLlX DOKpLlmeK C ,nBYMR: H 60.Tlee KpLlJIbHMH B 60pTe. Ha BeM npOHSBo,nHTCH
cl>opllfoBaHHe KapKaCOB, HanomeHBe CJIOeB 6peKepa, npOTeKTopa H ,npyrHx AeTa-
.'1en Ha c4JopMoBaHHLlH KapKac H HX npHKaTKa. CooTBeTcTBeHHo KOHCTPYKTDBHO
o4JopMJIeHLI nOC8,n01JHLle MeCTa DO,n 60pTa DOKpLlmKH Ba 4JJIaH ax. B OTJIH1JHe OT
CTaHKOB JIMO-325 H CIIP-70 CTaHOK CllP-70K ,nJIH ,nBYXCTa,nHHHOB C60PKB He npH-
MeHHeTCH. XOTH CT8HOK CIIP-70K paCC1JHTaB ,nJIH C60PKH nOKphImeK THna P SHa1JH-
370
TeJIbBO 60JlbmHX THnOpaSMepOB, OB KOMnaKTBee CTaBKa flMO-325 II aaHHMaeT
MeHbmylO nJIOIQa,nl>.
TexBH1JecKaH XapaKTepllCTHKa CTaBKa npllBeAeaa B Ta6JI. 10.7.
Ta6Auifu 10.7. TeXUD'leCKaR xapaKTepRCTBK8 CT8UKOB e "p")'IO eii ADa+p81'M0ii
AJJ8 C60pKB nORpwweK THDa P
111-04 RMQ-325 I CUP-H2M I cnp-70 I CDP-70K
PaSMepLl co6HpaeMLlX 00-
KpLImeK .........
np003BOAOTeJlbOOCTb, mT /'1
PaCCTORBue Me)l-;AY qinaH a-
MO AHaqiparM. MM . . . . .
1:IacTOTa npameBHR 6apa6a-
Ba, 06/M8H . . . . . . .
AaBneHue Jl03Ayxa, Mna
B MarHCTpaJUI
B aqiparMe
BLlCOKoe .
HU31\0e . . . . .
BaKYYM B AoaqiparMe, )1M
pT. CT. . . . . . . . . .
3neKTpo)l.BHraTenb npHBOAa
Bana 6apa6aBa
THO .......
BanpRffieBHe. B . .
M01l\BOCTb, KBT . .
'1aCTOTa BpameHHII.
06/MIUf . . . .
BO»CHUX npOICaT'IHKOB
THO ......
Hanpll»ceBHe. B . .
MOID,llOCTb. KBT . .
'1aCTOTa BpameHHR,
06/AfHH . . . . . .
fa6apoTBLle pa3MepLl. )1M
AnUBa. .
mupOBa
BLlCOTa .
Macca. T . .
155-13P;
165-13P;
175-15P;
185-15P
7
(155-13P)*
115--560
38; 150; 225
0,6
0,27
0.04
400
n-51
220/440
2,2
750
AOJI-22-4
0.4
1400
5050
2700
1910
4,55
15x24;
12x 38
3**
(15X 24)
200-1000
60; 120; 240
0,6
0.27
0,04
400
n-61
220/440
4,5
750
200-508P;
240-508P;
260-508P;
280-508P;
300-508P;
32O-508P
12
240-508t»
100-600
75; 225
0.6
0.18-0.22
0,05-0.07
400
n-61
220'440
1000
370-508P;
15.oo-20P;
j300x
s00-533P;
130-635P
207
15,OO 2OP
300-900
60
0,6
0,12-0,2
0,04-0,07
400
MTI\ 112-6
380
5
875
430-635P;
s00-635P;
1700x
6iO-635P;
720-665P;
570-338P
1.27
18,OO-25P
450-1150
60
0,6
0,12-0,2
0.04-0,07
400
n-61
220/440
6
1000
AO-31-4j2 AOJI32-31-6 AOJI2-12-4 AOJI2-12-4'.
(nepeMeB- (nepeMeH- (nepeMeH-
Boro TOKa) Horo TOKa) Horo TOKa).
0,45/0,6
1420/2940
7020
2925
2000
7.70
380
1.5
950
3040
1912
1550
3,64
380
0,8
1360
5800
2285
2210
4,75
380
0,8
1360
6300
;;690
2210
5,30'
* B cKo6Rax 1Ka3aa pa8Mep nOKpwweK, AJlI! KOTOPJolX npUeOJlBTCI! npOB3BOJ1BTem.HOCn..
** PaC'IeTBaR npOB3BOJlBTeJlbHOCTb.
10.5. nOTO'-lHbIE nHHHH Am:w 3ArOTOBKH AET AnEA
H C60PKH ABTonOKPblWEK
10.5.1. nOT04Hbie nHHHH C BbinonHeHHeM Bcex
C60p04H X onepa HA Ha OAHOM CTaHKe
lJpOHSBO,nCTBO nOKpLlweK nHeBMaTlI1JeCKHX mHH B no,naBJIHIOIQeM 60JlbmHH-
CTBe, oc06eHHO B OTe1JeCTBeHBOii npOMLlmJleBBOCTII, HBJIHeTCH MaCCOBLIM, lITO cos-
,naeT He06xo,nBMhIe npe,nnOCLlJIKII ,nJIH opraH1lSaIJ,IIH nOT01JBLlX J1l1Hllii, B KOTOpLlX
24* 371
IIH,nIlBHAyaJIbHOe 060py,nOBaBHe ,nJIII IISrOTOBJIeBIIII AeTaJIei II C60PKH nOKphImeR
CBIISaBO COBpeMeHHhIMII TpaHCnOpTHLlMII CIICTeMaMlI. IIpll IICnOJIbSOBaBIIJ/I nOT01J-
HLIX JIllBHB BOSpaCTaeT npOIlSBO,nllTeJIbBOCTb Tpy,na, COKpaIQaeTCII 1JIICJIO norpYS01J-
BLIX Onepa IIB II nOBhImaeTCII KYJIbTypa npOIlSBO,nCTBa. O.nuaKO npo ecc IISrOTO-
BJIeHlI1I IISAeJIIIH Ha STHX JIHBIIIIX OCTaeTCII HHAHBII,nyaJIbHhIM. C60pKa nORpblIDeR
npOIl3BO,nIlTCII ua OT,neJIbHhIX, pa60TalOIQIIX HeSaBHCIIMO ,npyr OT APyra CTaBKaX,
aa ROTOpLlX BLlnOJIHlleTCII nOJIHLlii InIKJI C60P01JHhIX onepa lIii.
IIpHMeHeHlle nOT01JHhIX TeXBOJIOrH1JeCKIIX JIJDlllii IISrOTOBJIeHlI1I ,neTaJIeB: II
C60PKII nOKpLImeK C npllMeHeHlleM IIB,nIlBII,nyaJIbHhIX C60P01JBbIX CTaBROB IIMeeT
CBOII npellMYIQeCTBa II He,nOCTaTKH, ROTOphIe CBO,nIlTCII B OCBOBBOM R CJIe,nYIOIQeMY:
JIIIHIIII MO;KeT C03,naBaTI>CII npaKTH1JeCKII HeSaBIICHMO OT 06'LeMa npOIlSBo,nCTBa
JlORpLlmeK, ee stlJtlJeKTIIBHOCTI> OT SToro He IISMeHlleTCII; npll BhIxo,ne liS CTpOIl
o,nHoro HJIII rpynnLl CTaHKOB JIIIHIIII He OCTaHOBIITCII, a 6y,neT pa60TaTI> JIlIDIb
C MeHbmeB npOIlSBOAlITeJIbBOCTblO; JIIIHIlIO MomHO 6L1CTpO nepeCTpOIlTb npll nepe-
xop;e Ha npoIl3Bo,nCTBO nOKphImeR APyroro paSMepa; Ba JIHBIIH MO)RHO C He60JIb-
DlIIMII OCJIOmHeHlIlIMU BhInycKaTb o,nHOBpeMeBHO nOKpLlmKII HeCKOJII>KIIX THDopas-
MepOB; KOMnJIeKCHall MexaBlIsa 1I1I II aBTOMaTlIsa 1I11 Bcero npo ecca C60P01JBbIX
onepa Hi C IICKJII01JeBHeM yqacTlI1I pa601Jero Ba IIBAHBII,nyaJIbHhIX C60P01JHLlX CTaB-
Kax npaKTII1JeCKII HeBOSMomHa; pa60Ta Ha 1IH,nIlBH,nyaJIbHhIX C60P01JBLlX CTaHRax,
Ha KOTOpLlX BhInOJIHlleTCII BeCb KOMnJIeKC C60P01JHhIX onepa IIB:, Tpe6yeT BLlCOKO'i
KBaJIlltlJIIKa HII C60PIQIIKOB, a Ka1JeCTBO c06paHHhIX nOKphImeK SaBIICIIT OT IIH,nIlBII-
;a;yaJIbHhIX cnoco6BOCTeu C60PIQIIKOB.
B nOCJIe,nHlle ro,nhI npOBOAIITCII pa60ThI no cos,naBHIO TeXHOJIOrH1JeCROrO npo-
necca II 060py,nOBaHIIII ,nJIII C60PKII nOKphImeK, OCHOBaHBhIX .Ba nOT01JHOM npHB-
IJ;lIne, C nOJIHoii MexaHlIsa lIeu Bcex onepa lIii II aBTOMaTlIsa lIeii IIX ynpaBJIeHIIII.
3TH pa60ThI tlJaKTII'IeCKII Be,nYTCII B ,nBYX OCHOBHhIX HanpaBJIeBHllx:
1. Cos,naHlle TeXHOJIOriAeCKIIX JIHHIIU Ha OCHOBe arperllpOBaHlI1I HBAHBII,ny-
aJIbHLlX nOJIyaBTOMaTH1JeCRIIX C60P01JHhIX CTaBKOB C 060pYAOBaBlleM AJIII paCKpOIl
Rop,na, HaJIOmeHlI1I peSlIHoBhIx npOCJIOeK II npllMeHeHIIII aBTOMaTHSHpOBaHHhIx
TpaHcnopTHLlX CIICTeM, 0 KOTOphIX rOBOpllJIOCb BhIIIIe. 3TO HanpaBJIeHlle pa60T
HBJIlleTCII B BaCTOIIIQee BpeMII OCBOBHhIM.
2. CosAaHlle nOT01JHO-nOJIyaBTOMaTH1JeCKIIX JlBBIIB: sarOTOBRII CJIOeB Rop,na II
C60PKII nOKphImeR Ha OCHOBe paC1JJIeHeBIIII Bcero npo ecca C60PRH Ba OTAeJII>BhIe
rpynnhI onepaI(Hii, BhInOJIBlleMhIX Ha Cne lIaJIIISllpOBaHHLlx nOJIyaBToMaTJI1JeCKIIX
-CTaHRax.
10.5.2. nonyasTOMaTHl.leCKHe nOTOI.IHble nHHHH H arperaTbI
C paCl.lneHeHHblM npOl,\eCCOM COOPKH nOKpblweK
KOMnJIeRCHO-MeXaBIISllpOBaHHall II aBTOMaTIISllpOBaHHaH c60pKa nOKphUUeR
aa nOT01JBhIX JIHBIIIIX II arperaTax IIBJIlleTCII Hall60JIee BhICOROii tlJopMoii opraHlIsa-
n;1I1I npo ecca B mllHHOM npOIlSBo,nCTBe.
TIpIlH HD pa60ThI Ram,nou aBToMaTII311poBaHHoii nOT01JHOii JIHBHII C60PRII
nOKpLlmeK IIJIB arperaTa OCBOBaH Ba paC1JJJeHeBIIII C60p01JHOrO npo ecca Ha OT-
,neJIbHLle onepa llJIII rpynnLl onepa IIB, KOTopLle no npo,nOJImllTeJII>HOCTII paBHhI
MeiR,ny c060ii IlJIII OTJIH1JaIOTCII HeaHa1JlITeJIbHO. IIpH c60pKe nOKphImeR nHeBMaTII-
'IeCl(llX mHB npOIlSBo,nIlTCII pa3JIH1JHLle no CJIOmHOCTII, xapaKTepy II npo,nOJImll-
TeJIbHOCTII OCHOBHhIe H BCIIOMOraTeJIbHhIe onepa HII. II09ToMY ,n0611TbCII paC1JJIe-
HeHlI1I onepa Hi, a6COJIIOTBO OAHHaKOBLlX no npo,nOJIiUlITeJIbHOCTII, npaKTH1JeCKII
HeBOSMomHO. II, KaK CJIe,nCTBlle 9Toro, BCHKall nOT01JHall JIIIHIIII C60PKII nOKphImeK
HMeeT CBOII «YSKlle MeCTa», ROTophIe xapaKTepllSYIOTCII Hall60JIee npo,nOJI)RIITeJIb-
HLIM IIKJIOM BhInOJIHeHlI1I onepa lIu.
OT,neJIbHhIe onepa HII IlJIII IIX rpynnhI Ha nOT01JHhIX JIIIBIIIIX HJIII arperaTaX
C60PKII nOKphImeK BLlnOJIHlllOTCII Ha CneInIaJIbHLlX onepa OHHhIX CTaHKax.
372
IIpOIlSBo,nHTeJIbHOCTb nOT01JHOU JIHHIIII C60PKII nORpLlmeK XapaRTep:aSYeTCII
R084J4JH lIeBTOM HepaBHOMepHOCTII BLlnOJIHeHlI1I c60po1JBhIX onepa OnepaInIOB-
IILIMH CTaBRaMII JIIIBIIII K H , ROTOpLlU onpe,neJIlleTCII SaBHCIIMOCTblO
T
K H =-
Till
I'Ae T - cYMMapaoe BPeMlI, Beo6xoABMoe Anll BLlDOJDIeBDII BceX oDepau;d; TI - Baa6o,Ubmee
BpeMII, aaTpa1JBBaeMoe Ba BLlDonaeBBe oDepa Bii Ba OABOM CTaBKe; II - KOJID'leCTBO onep .
n
....- "'"
-.... , .. "
i. .;../!,., di.. ,'1
" ... ,... :!j.. .i b
. " """-............
Pac. 10.32. CXeMa A8CIITBCTaBO'IBoii KOBBeiiepao-KapycenbKoii DOTO'IBoii ,UBBBB C DepeABora-
IOm;BHDca CTaBKaMB AJlII c60pKo DOKpLlJDeK:
1 - C60PO"lBillit CTIUIOII; B - BP aIOlltaRCJI lIapycem.; 8 - HeDOJ\BBJI(!Udt DOMOCT; 4 - DBTaTeJIB; S - pen!>-
coBId DYTI>; 8 - HeIIOIBBJI(BaR mraTlliOpMa.
qeM 6JIllme R084J4JH lIeHT K H K eAHH e, TeM BhIme npOIlSBo,nllTeJIbHOCTb no-
T01JHOii JIHBIIII C60pKII.
HSBeCTHhI CJIe,nyIOIQlle TllnhI aBTOMaTIISllpOBaBHhIX nOT01JHhIX JIIIBIIU II arpera-
TOB: KOHBeuepHo-RapyceJIbHhIe C nepeMelItalOIQIIMHCH C60P01JHhIMII CTaBKaMII;
pOTa 1I0HHHe arperaTLI C BpaIQalOIQHMHCII CTaBHBaMII, nOBOpa1JIIBaIOJItIIMII no
Rpyry c60po1JBhIe 6apa6aHhI II YCTaHaBJIIIBalOIIQIMlIlIX Ha onepaInIOBBhIe nos ;
373
JlIIHIIII C rpynnoi BenO,nBII)RBhIX onepa
OHHhIX CTaHKOB, Mem,ny ROTOpLlMII nepe-
Me
aIOTCH c60po1JBhIe 6apa6aBhI-cnyTHHKII.
KOBseiiepBo-Rapycem.BloIe JlBBHB c nepe,nBHralO
MHCJl c60po'IIIYMH CTlUlRaMH.
TaKlle JIIIBIIH npllMeHIlIOTCH ,nJIII C60PRH nORpLImeR MaCCOBoro aCCOpTHMeHTa.
C60pKa 1JeTLlpexcJIoiiBhIX nORpbIDIeK npOIlSBo,nIlTCII Ba 10- II 18-CTaB01JHLlX JlBHIIIIX.
'YcTpoicTBO 10-CTaH01JBOii KapyceJIB nORasaBO Ba pllC. 10.32. Ha BpaIQa-
IOIQeiicH nJIaT4JopMe ROJIb
eBOro Tllna - KapyceJIII 2 YCTaHOBJIeHO 10 c60po1JBLlX
CTaBROB. Becb npo
ecc C60PRII pas611T Ha 10 onepa
Hii; npo,nOJI)RIITeJlbHOCTI>
BLlnOJIBeHIIH Kam,noi liS HIIX OROJIO 20 c. BOKpyr RapyceJIII YCTaHaBJIHBalOTCH
1JeThIpe 4JecToBBLlx nllTaTeJIII AJIII CJIOeB ROPAa, OAHH DIITaTeJIb AJIII 6peKepa B
60pTOBLlX JIeHT01JeK H O,nHH ,nByxnOJI01JHLlH nHTaTeJIb AJIH npOTeKTopOB.
2
8
PBC. to.33. CxeMa pOT
oBBoro arperara AJlII c60pKB MOTO
HKJ1eT11L1X DOKpWlleK:
1 - DBTaTeml nmr cnoeB Kopna; B - YCTPoACTBO nmr c-r.eMa co(lpaBBoA DOKpIllDum; 8 - cliopo'1B1>J8 (lapa(llUl;.
4 - co(lpaHHatf DOKpLIDIKa; S - BplUQalOlQatfCtf CTamula; 6 - npOTeKTOP; '1 - DRTaTeJIJ> nmr DpOTeIl7OP08;
8 - cliopO"lBJd CTaBOK c DBTaTeJleM nmr KPIIIJlbeB; 9 - (IopTOBllle Kplllm,n. . .
PaMa nHTalOIQHX YCTpoiiCTB ,nBII'HeTCII Ha KOJIeCaX no peJIbCalll, pacnOJIOmeB-
HLIM no HapYil\Hoii CTopOHe BpaIQalOlIteiicH nJIaT4JopMLI. IIllTalOIQlle yCTpoiiCTB&
. HMelOT npllcnoc06JIeHHe ,nJIII C
enJIeHHH C nJIaT4JopMoBII ,nBllmyTCII BMeCTe C HeB
B Te1JeHlle BpeMeHII, ,nOCTaT01JHOrO ,nJIH npOIlSBo,nCTBa onepaInIii. IIo OROB1JaHIIJI
onepa
1I1I nHTaTeJIb OT
enJIlleTCII II BOSBpa
aeTCH 06paTHO, saTeM C
enJIHeTCJI
C ,npyrllllf CTaBKOM II onepaInIII nOBTOpHeTCH. STY KapyceJIb 06CJIymllBaeT 14 1JeJIO-
BeK; npOIlSBo,nnTeJII>HOCTb KapyceJIH OKOJIO 200 1JeThIpexcJIoiiHLlX nORphUUeR B 1 1J.
B CliA npllMeHHJIaCb TaRme 18-cTaH01JHaH KapyceJIb, YCTpoicTBO ROTOpOB:
aHaJIOrH1JHO onllcaHHOMY BhIme; Ha TaKoii KapyceJIB npOIlSBo,nIlJIOCb 36 nOKpLlmeK
sa OAHH 060pOT. IIo nOCJIeAHIIM ,naHHLlM, 4JHPMa «<I>aiepcToyu» (CliA) npHMeBller
nOT01JHhIe JIHHIUI ,nJIH C60PKII JIerKOBhIX nOKpLTmeK; npOIlSBO,IJ;HTeJIbHOCTb JIIIH1IH-
1 nOKpLImKa/MIIH.
POTa
BoBBloie arperaTId C nOBOpa1JHBaIOII\HMBCH no Rpyry c60po1fll1lDfJl oapaoa-
HaMB. TaKlle arperaTLI B OCHOBHOM npe,nHaSHa1JaIOTCII ,nJIII C60PRII MaJIOCJIOHHbIX
nOKpLlmeK, He co,nepmaIQHX 60JIbmOrO 1JHCJIa ,neTaJIeH. STO npe)RAe Bcero MOTO
-
KJIeTHLte H MOTOpOJIJIepHLle mllHLt, a TaKme mllHLI ,nJIII JIerKOBLlX aBTOM06HJIei,
oc06eHHO pa,nllaJIbHLle.
Ha pHC. 10.33 IIs06pameH pOTa
HoHHhIii arperaT ,nJIII C60PKII MOTOI{HKJIeTHLlX
nOKpblmeK HS ymHpeHHhIX CJIOeB Kop,na. POTa
HoHHbIii arperaT COCTOHT HS BpalIta-
lO
eii:C1f CTaHHHLI 5 C ClIfOHTHpOBaHHbIMH Ha HeB 1JeTLlpbMII C60P01JHLlMH 6apa6a-
374
HaMil 3, KOTopLle InIKJIII1JHO nOBOpa1JIIBaIOTCII Ha 90 0 , YCTaHaBJIIIBallCb npll Kam-
"IJ;OM
HKJIe OROJIO 1JeThIpeX C60P01JHhIX CTaHKOB C nIlTaTeJIIIMII. 3a 1JeTLlpe nOBOpOTa
,6apa6aHa aaBepmaeTCII nOJIHLlii
IIKJI C60P01JHLlX OnepaInIB, II rOTOBall nOKphUUKa
.cHBMaeTCII co C60p01JHOrO 6apa6aHa npll nOMOIQH MexaHIISHpOBaBHLlX YCTpoicTB 2.
ABToMaTu3HpoBaBllhle UOT01JBble JlBBHH c60pu UOKpwmeK C Beuo,nBHamblMH
ooepa
oBBblMH CTaHRaHH H oepe,nBIDKIIWMH oapaOaBaMJI-CoYTBIlKaMH. npoBep;eH-
HLle B HIIIIIDII no,n PYKOBO,nCTBOM B. A. IIlIHerllHa pa60ThI no cos,naHBIO nOT01JHO-
8BTOMaTII311pOBaBBoro npo
ecca C60PKII rPYSOBLlX nOKpLlmeK, COCTOIIIQIIX HS
.oOJIbmOrO 1JHCJla ,neTaJIeii, nORaSaJIH, 1JTO Hall60JIee pa
OaaJIbHYIO nepe,na1JY C06H-
paeMoii nOKpLUIIKII C OAHOH onepaInIOHHoii noslI
Ha ,npyrylO MomeT 06eCne1JIITb
,nepeMeIQalOIQBiics 6apa6aH-CnyTHHK npH Beno,nBBmHLlX onepa
HOBBhIx c60p01J-
HhIX CTaHKax II nllTaTeJIIIX. CHa1JaJIa TaKaH JIIIBBII 6L1JIa paspa60TaHa ,nJIII C60PKII
rpYSOBLlX AllarOHaJIbHhIX nOKpLlmeK MaCCOBoro aCCOpTHMeHTa, a aaTeM Ha ee OCHOBe
HIIIIIDn II HIIIIillIIHMAill paspa60TaJIII JIHHBIO ,nJIH C60PKH nOKpLlmeK Tllna P.
ABTOMaTH3HpoBaBBaH OOT01JBaJl JIHBBJI 3arOTOBKH ,neTaaeii H COOpKH rpY30BblX
100KpblmeR THoa P (pBC. 10.34, a) COCTOIIT lIa CBHsaHHLlX Mem,ny c060ii TexaOJIO-
rH1JeCKIIX yqacTKOB: Y1JaCTKOB II -IV sarOTOBKII ,neTaJIeii nOKpLlmeK (yqaCTOK
sarOTOBRII MoeB Kop,na II, Y1JaCTOK HsrOTOBJIeHlI1I npoTeKTopoB III, Y1JaCTOK
lIarOTOBJIeHIIII MeTaJIJIOKop,nHLlX 6peKepoB IV) II OCHOBHoro yqacTKa I C60PKH
nOKpLlmeK 1.
'Y1JaCTOK sarOTOBKII CJIOeB Kop,na II BKJII01JaeT peSaTeJII>HhIe MamllHhI 1, npo-
'CJIOe1JHLle arperaThI 2, SaKaT01JHLle TpaHcnopTepLl 3, npll nOMOIItH KOTOpLlX CJIOII
:Kop,na aaKaTLlBalOTCII Ha KapeTKII 4 IlJIH B KaCCeThI, II CKJIa,n 5 STIIX KapeTOK IlJIH
RacceT.
IIIITaHHe COOTBeTCTBYIOII\HX CTaHKOB C60p01JHOrO yqaCTKa oCYlI\eCTBJIlleTCII
C SToro CKJIa,na npll nOMOIQII nOJIyaBToMaTllqeCKOH TpaHCnoPTHoii cllcTeMhI 6.
TexHoJIorH1JecKHii npo
ecc C60PKII nOKphImeK npe,nycMaTpBBaeT HaJIOmeHlle
rOpll1JHX npoTeKTopoB C TeMnepaTypoii 55-60 °C, no,naBaeMhIX Ha BTOPYIO CTa,lJ;HIO
-c60PKII B BII,ne ;D;JIIIHHLlX nOJIOC, saBepHyTLlX CnllpaJIbIO Ha Cne
HaJIbHhIX KapeTKax
C MeTaJIJIII1JeCKOii npOKJIa,nKoii (JIeHToii). B CBHSII C STIIM npoTeKTopHLlii arperaT 10
MomeT 6L1Tb YKop01JeH.
'Y1JaCTOK sarOTOBKII MeTaJIJIOKop,nHhIX 6peKepoB IV BKJlI01JaeT arperaThI ,nHa-
rOHaJII>HO-peaaTeJIbHhIX MamllH ,nJIII paCKpOH MeTaJIJIOKop,na no,n yrJIaMR 60-80 0
B KOMD."IeKTe co CTLlKOB01JHLlMII YCTpoBcTBaMII II KaJIaH,npaMU AJIII HSOJIII
IIH KpOMOK
II HaJIOmeHlI1I Ha,n6peKepHoro IlJIII no,n6peKepHoro CJIOII. ¥1JaCTKII sarOTOBKII
'"IJ;eTaJIeii nOKphImeK MoryT OhITb pacnOJIOmeHLI pll,nOM C JIIIHHeH HJIII B ,npyroM MeCTe.
IIx CBJlSLlBalOT TpaHcnOPTHLlMII CIlCTeMaMB C OCHOBHLlM yqacTKoM nOT01JHOii JIHHHU
C60PKII nOKpLlweK 1Jepea npOMemYT01JHLle CKJIa,nbI ,nJIII nepexo,nHIQerO sanaca
AeTa.;yeB.
OCHOBHOii yqaCTOK C60PKH nOKpLlmeK I pas,neJIeH na )J;Be' qaCTB ,nJIJI nepBoii: II
BTOpOH cTaABB C60pKH. nepBaH CT8,nHII BKJII01JaeT C60PKY KapKaCOB nOKphImeK,
BTopaH CTa,lJ;IIH - $opMoBaHlle KapKaca, B3rOTOBJIeHMe 6peKepnoro OpaCJIeTa H
er6 Ha.lIomeHHe Ha c4JopMoBaHHbIH KapKac 11 HaJIO;l{eHBe npOTeKTopa. ¥qaCTKII
nepBoH II BTOpOB cTa,nuB C60PKB nOKpLlmeK CBH3aHLI Me;J{.r\y c060ii TpaHcnopTHoB
cBcTeMoH; COCTOHIQeii liS MexaHHSMa oT60pa KapKaCOB, pOJIbraHra II no,nBeCHoro
KOHBeiiepa 21, HBJIIlIOIQerOCH o,nHOBpeMeHHO no,nBumHbIM CKJIa,nOM KapKaCOB.
¥1JaCTOK nepBoH CTaABB C60PKH MomeT COCTOIITb us o,nHoii, ,nBYX II 60JIbmerO
1JBCJIa ceR
lIii (pIlC. 10.34, 6), Kam,naH HS ,KOTOpLlX COCTaBJIeHa HS HeCKOJIbKHX
(7 -8) onepa
IIOHHLlX CTaHKOB. qllCJIO CTaHKOB saBIlCIIT OT paSMspOB nOKpLlmeK
(1JllcJIa KpLlJIl>eB B 60pTe nOKpLlmKII). MorYT 6hITb TaKme CKOMnOHOBaBhI c,nBoeH-
Hbte ceK
HII, COCTOHIQUe us y,nBoeHHoro 1JIICJIa CTaHKOB. Onepa
lIoBBhIe CTaHKH
B ceKI\IIJI pa3MeIQeHLI BOKpyr aaMKHYToro SJIJIHDCOBII,nHoro peJIbCOBOro nyTH 1,
no IWTOPOMY nepeMell\alOTCII TeJIemKII 5 co C60P01JHLlMH 6apa6aHaMII 6. ):\JIII Henpe-
.PbIBHOCTH pa60TLI JIHHBH nepe,n Kam,nLlM onepa
1I0HHLlM CTaHKOM cos,naeTclI
375
....
c:t
-
...
".
b==I:h= ii
:d,
;II;
::::
! aO"'
II; 0 Ofo< 0a
1I;1I;"l:If :':=1:111:
:':
I;!I11'" ;"'=1:1
tc,h
" II:
I:(=
f
J
f
fi... . r .
1-11:1:';:
2
. c,1I:
8
0=
:......fo<.f;i f ,II:';",
":a..., J::
I II:
irI'
U&'
! :.:... f;i
OQ.or., t...
c,
'8
S
Sgjj,j
1:1=
'! I!a
&
fll!
.."'!at
1:1- ...0:'; ..8
f
41 01...
OI ii I g....
!
:i..I:(
I:loo",'"
d!t7
i:
!:;s
... I g
i
c: 2"'..0....... II;C,
<IS '" I t
ii'" :.:"'2<>
1:1 II: CII,. c,'" °
IS! .. f f'" ii .8 f gj
Eo< :':"o""a 00"'i:
!
iag;
! =g!
g.
- ",..oc, :.: 1:(&81:1
!f'h s.8 III i
Q, , "'s:!.:r 01:1'"
/I: .,"ICO$ 0I011"'
o "m
"s:!.s iocu
1:1 :::U!08!
l.!
Cu'fit:: 2 Ia :.:"'o
g.
&h
:
iifi
'8 :';I:II:I_.
.= ..
i
III I I
II: <>cu!:i ,
IS!"
I; 1 tio
"''''fo<I:P:{ "'II;,,>
*' C>"a:"''':1 01:';'"
gj
h !i
;;
!t;
! !&f
1:(2d'
g.,g/lliGi
fa ggi
J f
j'
li
II:! :.;oII"'ii..... f ",S'c,
o 21;:1:.;...... ....:I..:.;
S 0
s:!...jQ......
g! g
=
15
!
&
1
!
Jbtl:=,g
=fs:!.
= :::
ili=8-!ir:
.g
..j,JOt
MII;81"' j l!
... :';0501t:Zr
"'2 Q
II: ;"ra O ="'''''1; f!
<II :2I:a;
s:!.
s:!.gj&",
g!
1:(
1II:i
I:IJ=,5
0 I J c:fijos:!.
"d;: ' '''
o =.....1;1:1 10 1:(..6<:>
1:111:1..1:(= :';""111
:.::-(:=:.::tt'taQ.:t3:i
II: s:!.1Q.,:.;==:lEI:I., II:
CIS oOol:"':C
:Sc>a"J::
III '8
"'t
()s:!.t:a
J:(
:; :.;ii:.;t.,
5
5
s:!.
II:!
c,= J :Z
tl:l:le::o.g
8.
:
"':;
II;:g:st
IS! r:z"' = .
=s.s."o= J
10
=., - 00 c,() I:(
I
tiM
B'8g
..
CIS 0:':0()1=(1r; ()c,0'"
'8
"':
SjQ
i; !!1;1;::::c
",iS
II:
-1;:';1::=1: , 0 1;0"
< :
()
O
:
I=("'I;
1;<> I "'=()"
l;culQ
:I ()", , " ":!I"'s:!.
C'?
"'0Is:!. ..cuc,.,=",
0..0:"°.,..111:11 0 ",,,,
.....
=
c,1:I..&.,=
0"
o
.,
o "
io
.; 1:81Q'ii
Jltl:s:!.C,
IS! 0"''''''S/s:!. "'<IS.,
Q., ""':':=""1:I0:>,,,..1C:'::.:
I()
npOMemYT01JHLlB sanac C60P01JHLlX 6apa6aHOB (,no Tpex mTYK) C ,neTaJIIIMII, c06pau-
HLIMII Ha HeM ua npe,nbI,nYIQHX onepa
IIOBHLlx CTaBKax.
llepeMeIQeHHe TeJIemKH 5 no peJIbCOBOMY nYTII 1 oCYIQeCTBJIHeTCII OT SJIeKTpO-
,nBHfaTeJIH, DHTaIOIQerOCH TOKOM OT TpoJIJIeiiHOrO npOBo,na. OROJIO Kam,noro onepa-
1I0HHoro CTaHKa HMeeTCH no,n'LeMHOe YCTpoiicTBO, KOTopoe CHHMaeT C60P01JRJ.Tii
6apa6aH C TeJIemKH H YCTaHaBJIIIBaeT ero Ba CTaHOK. TeJIemKII C 6apa6aHaMII no-
crynalOT K onepa
HOHHhIM CTaBKaM no BLISOBY onepaTopa, BLlnOJIHlllOIQerO c6opoq-.
BLle onepa
HH ua ,naHHOM CTaBKe, II SaKpenJIlllOTCII TaM npll nOMOIQII 4JHKcaTopa.
OKOJIO' onepa
IIOHHLlX CTaHKOB YCTaH8.BJIHBaIOT COOTBeTCTBYIOIQlle nllTaTeJJII (CM.
pHC. 10.34, 6).
):\JIH 06eCne1JeHHII BenpephIBHocTII pa60TLI onepa
HOBBoro CTaHKa II nOBLIme-
BHII Ka1JeCTBa c0611paeMLlx nOKpLlmeK CJIOII Kop,na HaKJIa,nLlBaIOTCII Ha 6apa6aH
CnllpaJIblO. ):\JIII SToro cooTBeTcTBylOIQHe onepa
HOHBhIe CTaHKII cHa6meHLI MeX8.-
BHaMOM oceBoro nepeMelIteHHII 6apa6aHa, COCTOIIIQHAI liS BLI,nBHraIOIQerOCH BaJIa,.
BIIBTOBOii napLl H TopMosa.
):\y6JIllpOBaHlle CJIOeB Kop,na npoHsBo,nHTCH ,ny6JIHPYIOIQIIM pH4JJIeHLlM POJIH-
KOM, KOTOpLlU npHmHMaeTclI K 06pa6aTLlBaeMou nOBepXHOCTH nHeBMOInIJIHB,npaMII.
Bce nllTalOIQHe YCTpoiicTBa BhInOJlHeHhI nepe,nBIla\HLlMII, B BH,ne KapeToK IIJIB
KacceT. CJIOII Kop,na aaKaTLlBalOTCII B npOKJIa,nKY Ha HMelOIQlleCH Ha KapeTKax
60611BhI. 3TII KapeTKII no TpaBCnOpTHLlM CHCTeMaM no,nalOTCII K cooTBeTcTBYIOJItHM
MeCTaM C60P01JHLlX CTaHKOB II s,necl> SaRpenJIHIOTcH.
'Y1JaCTOK BTOpoii CTa,nHH C60PKII BKJIlOlIaeT CTaHKH ,nJIII IISrOTOBJIeBlI1I 6peKep-
HLIX 6paCJIeTOB 14, CTaHKH BTopoii CTa,nHH C60PKH 15 C nllTaTeJIHMII12 H hfexaHIIS-
MaMII ,nJIH HaJIOmeHHH ropH1Jero DpOTeKTopa, YCTpoiicTBa ,nJIII CHIITIIII KapKaCOB
C ROHBeiiepa, YCTpoiicTBa ,nJIII BaBemHBaHHII nOKpLlmeR II
eDBoii KOHBeiiep ,nJIH
TpaHcnopTllpoBKII nOKpLlmeK Ha BYJIKaBlIsa
lIlO.
Hllme npHBo,nHTCII nOCJIe,nOBaTeJIbHOCTb BLlnOJIHeUlI1I C60P01JBLlX OnepaInIH
Ha ceMllcTaH01JHOii CeKInIH C60PKI{ KapKaCOB rpysoBLlX pa,nllaJIbHhIX nOKpLImeR,
BanpllMep nOKpblmeK paSMepa 260-508, KapRac KOTOpLlX HMeeT O,nHO 60pToBoe
H OAHO ,nonOJIHIITeJIbHOe KpLlJIO B 60pTe. KapKac nOKpLlmKII C06HpaeTCII Ba 6apa-
6aHe-cnYTHHKe, KOTOpLlii nOCJIe,nOBaTeJIbHO npoxo,nIlT Bce onepaInIOHBhIe CTaHRB
C60P01JHOii ceK
III1.
Ha Ram,nOM onepa
1I0HHOM CtaHKe BLlnOJIBHIOTCII rpynnLl OCHOBBLIX II BcnOMO-
raTeJIbBLlX onepa
lIii:
ua CTaBlte 1 - CDllpaJIbBOe HaJIOmeBlle, ,ny6JIHpOBaUHe, OTpeaaHHe II CTI>JKOBKa
DepBoB rpynDLI CJloeB Rop,na;
Ba CTaHKe 2 - aanpaBRa RphIJILeB Ha maOJIOBhI, npe,nBapHTeJIbHOe 06waTlle
CJIOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa6aBa, 06maTlle KOH
OB CJIOeB Rop,na yaHBepCaJII>-
HLIMII MexaHHsMaMII no nJIe1JIIKaM 6apa6aHa, nOCa,lJ;Ka KphIJIbeB, SaBOpa1JIIBaHHe
CJIOeB Kop,na Ha KpLlJIO H npllKaTKa 60PTOBOii 1JaCTH KapKaca no nJIe1JHKaM 6apa-
6aHa YHHBepCaJIbHLlMII npHKaT1JIIKaMH;
Ba CTaHKe 3 - CnllpaJIbHOe HaJIOmeHHe, ,ny6JIllpOBaHHe, OTpesaHHe II CTblKOBKa
nocJIe,nYIOIQeii rpynDLI CJIOeB Rop,na;
Ba CTaBKe 4 - sanpaBKa BTOpLlX (,nonOJIHHTeJIbHhIx) KpLlJIbeB Ha ma6JIOHhI,
npe,nBapHTeJIbHOe 06maTlle CJIOeB Kop,na no nJIe1JIIKaM 6apa6aHa, noca,nKa BTOpLlX
(,nonOJIHHTeJIbBhIx) KpLlJIbeB, SaBOpa1JHBaHHe CJIOeB Kop,na no,n KpLlJIO II DPIl-
KaTKa 60PTOBOi 1JaCTH RapRaca no nJIe1JIIKaM 6apa6aHa;
Ba CTaHKe 5 - HaJI())J<eHlle, OTpeaaHlle II ,ny6JIHpOBaHlle no,n6peKepBLlx mHY-
pOB H 60KOBIIH;
Ba CTaHKe 6 - npllKaTKa no,n6peKepHLlx mHypOB II 60KOBHH, HaJIO)f(eHHe
,ny6JIHpOBaHBLlx peslIHoBhIx H TKaHeBLlX 60PTOBLIX JIeHT, npHKaTKa 60pTOBOii
'1aCTII KapKaca;
Ha CTaHKe 7 - SaBOpa1JIIBaHHe 60PTOBhIX JIeHT Ba HOCOK 60pTa H HX npHKaTKa,
CKJIa,nLlBaHlle 6apa6aHa, C'heM rOTOBoro KapKaca, paSBepTLlBaHlle 6apa6aH8, c6pa-
378
CLlBaHlle KapKaCa Ha pOJIl>raHf AJIII TpaHCnOpTHpOBKII Ha BTOpylO cTa,nllIO. TaR
c0611palOTcH KapKacLI nOKphUUKII C OAHIIM 60pTOBhIM H O,nHHM ,nonOJIBHTeJII>HLlM
KpLlJIbllMII B 60PTe Ha ceK
HH C60PKII IIH,neKC 622.011, BKJII01JaIOIQei CeMI> onepa-
IIOHHLlX CTaHKOB.
C60pKa KapKaCOB nOKpLlmeK C ,nBYMII 60pTOBLlMII H O,nBIIM ,nonOJIHlITeJIbHLlI\I
RpLlJIbllMII B 60pTe npOIlSBOAIiTCII Ha ceK
HII nOT01JHOB JIIIHIIH C60PKII HH,neKC
622.012, BKJII01JalOlItei BoceMb onepa
1I0HHhIX CTaBKOB.
C06paHHhIB KapKac nOKpLImKH aBTOMaTH1JeCKII nepe,naeTCII TpaHcnopTHoB
CIICTeMOB: Ha BTOpYIO CTa,n1l1O C60pKH. IIocJIe BLlnOJlHeHlI1I Bcex onepa
Hi nOKphUUK8
CHlIMaeTCH co CTaBR8 H aBTOMaTH1JeCKOii TpaHcnopTHoB CHCTeMOB BanpaBJIlleTCII
Ha no,nrOTOBKY K BYJIK8Hllaa
HH.
CllcTeMa ynpaBm
HIIH onepa
HOHHLlMH CTaHKaMII C60PRII II BceB nOT01JHOii
JIHHlleB nOJIyaBTOMaTH1JeCKall II OCHOBaHa Ha peJIeiiHO-KacRSAHoM npllH
e.
TaKall CIlCTeMa 06eCne1JHBaeT BOSMOmBOCTI> BhInOJIHeHlI1I nocJIe,nYIOIQeii onepa
HII
TOJIbKO nOCJIe Toro, KaK 6y,neT aaKOH1JeHa npe,nLl,nYIQall.
):\JIII 6esonaCHoii pa60TLI aBTOMaTHSllpOBaBBall nOT01JHall JIHHIIII 060Py,noBaHa
CBeTOBOB II SBYKOBOB CllrHaJIIISa
HeB. CHrHaJIbHLle JIaMDLI IIMelOTCII Ha nYJIbTaX
ynpaBJIeHHII onepa
IIOHHhIX CTaHKOB. OHII npe,nHaSHa1JeHLI ,nJIII CllrHaJIIISaInIII
o BLlnOJIHeHIIH onepaInIB, a TaRme npll BhISOBe II OTnpaBJIeHlI1I TeJIemeR co c60po1J-
HLlMH 6apa6aHaMII. 3BYROBall CHrHaJIIISa
1I11 BKJII01JaeTCH nepe,n HaqaJIOM pa60TLI
JIHHHH.
HHme npHBo,nHTCH TeXHllqeCKall xapaKTepHCTIIKa aBToMaTlIsHpoBaHHoii nOT01J-
HOB JIHBIIH 622.011 C ceMblO onepa
1I0HHLlMII CTaHKaMII ,nJIII nOCJIOBHOB C60PKH
rpYSOBhIX nOKpLlmeK Tllna P:
PaaMepLl co6opaeMLlx DOKpLlJDeK
OT 200-508P
AO 320-508P
npOOSBO
BTeJlbROCTb (paC'IeTRall), mT/'i
OpD c60pKe DOKpLlJDeK 320-508P , 300-508P B 280-508P 30
DpB c60pKe OOKpLImeK 260-508P, 240-508P B 200-508P 40
Cnooo5 06pa6oTKo 50pTOBOii 'lacm OOKpLlllIeK . . . . .. Ha ReDO-
mKIIOM 6apa-
6ane yBBBep-
caJlbBLlMB Me-
XallHSMaMO
ABaMeTp c60pO'lBOrO 6apa6aBa, MM
MaKCBMaJibBLIii . . . . . . . .
MDBBMaJlbBLlB:
mBpoRa 6apa6aoa, MM
AfAKCJfMaJIbRali
MDBBManbBaR . . . . . . . . .
t{BCJlO ysnoB C60PO'lBLlX 6apa6aBoB
KoaMo
oeBT DCOOJlbSOBaBBIi nmnm . . . . . . . . . . .
Han60nbmaR AOOYCTJfMaa mDpBBa Balm
LlBaeMLlX Donoc
H:;K::
m': c
o
a
oP
6apa6aaa:, ;.
: : : :
CKOpOCTb
WKeBBR TeJle»CKB DPB TPaBCnOpmpOBKe 6apa-
6aBa, MIND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
AUJleBBe c»caTOro BOSAyxa B MarBCTPau, Mna
BaKYYM, MM pT. CT.
Haopll»ceue TOKa, B
DepeMeBBOrO ...............
DOCTOIiBBOro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
06maR YCTanOBneBBaIi MOmBOCTb aJleKTpOABnraTeJleii nBBBB
ODepa
ooBBLlX CTanKOB, KBT .............
fa6apOTBLle paaMepLl nOBOO, MM
AnBBa
mlIpuua
BLlCOTa .
Macea, T . .
710
660
650
340
17
0,9
1150
270
21
0,6-0.7
400
380
220/440
50.6
22 650
22500
4682
69,665
379
KaR yme YRaSLlBaJIOCb, nOT01JHLle JIIIHIUI SarOTOBRII ,neTaJIen II C60PRII nOR phI-
meR npll onpe,neJIeBHhIX yCJIOBIIHX IIMelOT 60JIbmlle npell
eCTBa nepe,n 1IB,nIlBII-
,nyaJIbHhIMII C60P01JHhIMII CTaHRaMlI. KpOMe nepe1JIICJIeHHLlX BhIIlIe, OTMeTlIM elIte
pH,n npeIlMYIQeCTB. B 1JaCTHOCTII, ROHCTPYRInIH onepa
1I0HHhIX C60P01JHhIX CTaBROB
SHa1JIITeJIbHO npOIQe ROHCTPYRQIIII 1IB,nIlBII,nyaJIbBhIX CTaHROB. CJIe,nOBaTeJIbBO, OHII
Ba,nemHee B pa60Te, SROHOMiAHee B SRCnJIyaTaInIII. 'YnpOIQaeTCH TaRme MexaHIIsa-
IIH II aBTOMaTlIsa
IIH nllTaHIIH onepa
IIOHHhIX CTaHROB. Ha nOT01JHHX JIllffllHX
SHa1JIITeJIbHO nOBhImaeTCH npOIlSBo,nllTeJIbBOCTb Tpy,na II BO MHoro pas o6JIerqa-
IOTCH YCJIOBBH pa60ThI. 'YJIyqmaeTcH Ra1JeCTBO II CHllmaeTCH CTOIIMOCTb nORphImeR.
B nepeC1JeTe Ha e,nDHII
y BhInYCRaeMon npo,nYR
1m JIIIHDH SaHIIMalOT ropas,no
MeHbmylO npOIlSBOjJ;CTBeHBYIO nJI0lItaAb. II HaROHe
, Ha IISrOTOBJleH1le II 060PYAO-
BaHlle JIHBIIB Tpe6YlOTCH SHa1JDTeJIbHO MeHbmHe KanllTaJIbHbIe saTpaThI, 1JeM Ha IIS-
rOTOBJIeHlle HH,nHBH,nyaJIbHhIX CTaHKOB ,nJIH TOB me npOIlSBo,nCTBeHHOB nporpaMMLI.
O,nHaKO MexaHHSHpOBaBHhIe JIIIBIIII HMeIOT H CBOII CyIQeCTBeHHHe He,nOCTaTRII.
HanpIIMep, npll BLlXOAe HS CTpOH RaROrO-JIH60 OT,neJIbHOrO, ,name BeSHa1JBTeJIbHOrO,t
SBeHa JIIIBIIII peSKO CHllmaeTCH npOIlSBo,nllTeJIbBOCTb Bcero c60po1JBoro
exa.
KpaBBe OrpaHH1JIIBaeTCH accopTHMeBT BhInYCKaeMLlX nORpbIDIeR. KpOMe Toro,
npll nepexo,ne Ba BLlnYCK aHaJIOrH1JHOrO IIs,neJIIIH Tpe6YeTCH MHoro BpeMeBII Ba
nepeBaJIaAKY JIHHHD.
ConOCTaBJIHH npellMYIQeCTBa II He,nOCTaTRII nOT01JHLlX JIHHd, MOmBO c,neJIaTI>
BLlBO,n, 1JTO npllMeHeBlle nOT01JHLlX aBTOMaTIISHpOBaHHLlX JIHBIIii SKOBOMiAeCKB
BLlro,nHO H
eJIeC006paSHO TOJIbRO npll OrpaHII1JeHHOM aCCOpTIIMeBTe II OnTHMaJIb-
BhIX 06'LeMaX npOIlSBo,nCTBa BLlnycKaeMhIX mHH ,naBHoro TllnopaSMepa, npH BLlCO-
ROB opraBHsa
HH npoHsBoAcTBeBBoro npo
ecca, peMoHTBhIx cJIym6 II CJIymo
ynpaBJIeBHH npollsBoACTBOM.
10.6. 01 AHKH Anfl C60PKH BEnOOHnEAHblX
nOKPblWEK
BeJIOCllne,nHaH nOKphImKa COCTOHT liS KapKaca, HSfOTOBJIeBBOrO HS ,nBYX CJIOeB
Cne
lIaJIbHOB o6pesIIHeHHoii TKaHH
BeJIOTpe,na, npoTeKTopa C 60ROBIIHaMlI, npe,n-
CTaBJIHIOIQHX C060B npotIJlIJIHpOBaBHYIO nOJIOcy peslIHoBoB cMeclI, H KpLlJIbeB-
npOBOJI01JBLlX KOJIe
, 06epByThIX nOJIOCKaMH BeJIOTpe,na.
C60pKa BeJIOCHne,nHhIx nOKpLlmeK Ha HaH60JIee pacnpocTpaBeBBhIx c6opo1JBLlX
CTaHRax B npHH
lIne OTJIH1JaeTCH OT C60PRII nOKpLlmeR ,npyrnx TllnOB. IIpOIlSBo-
AllTCH c60pKa He nYTeM BaJIOmeHIIH CJIOeB Kop,na D ,npyrllx ,neTaJIeB Ba C60P01JBLlH
6apa6aB, a MeTOAOM BaBHBKII no cnllpaJIII JIeaTLI 06peSIIBeHHoro BeJIOTpe,na BOKpyr
napaJIJIeJII>HO HaTHHYThIX 60PTOBhIX ROJIe
C nOCJIe,nYIOIQHM BaJIOmeHlleM Ha HaBH-
TLIB TaKIIM 06paSOM KapKac npOTeKTopHOH JIeHTLI.
3Ba1JIITeJIbHO peme npHMeHHeTCH c60pRa BeJIOnOKpLlmeR DS ymllpeBBhIx
CJIOeB 06peSIIHeHHOH TKaHII Ha CTaHKax, aHaJIOrH1JHhIX no npllBInIny ,neBCTBHH
CTaHKaM ,nJIH C60PKII MOTonOKpLlmeK liS ymHpeHHLlX CJIOeB Rop,na. nOSTOMY TaKHe
CTaHRII B STOM pas,neJIe He paCCMaTpIlBaIOTCH.
TIpllBInInDaJIbHaH cxeMa YCTpOBCTBa CTaHRa ,nJIH C60PKII BeJIOnOKpLlmeR
nOKasaBa Ha pllC. 10.35. BopToBhIe ROJIb
a 10 HaTHrllBalOTCH Mem,ny npllBOABLIM 9
II HaTllmHLlM 12 6apa6aBaMH. ):\JIII tlJlIKca
1I11 60PTOBLIX KOJIe
Ba 6apa6aBax lIMe-
IOTCII Cne
lIaJIbBLle BLlT01JKII, paCCTOHBHe Mem,ny ROTOphIMII COOTBeTCTBYeT Tllno-
pasMepy co611paeMoH BeJIOnOKpLlmRII. HaTHmeHlle 60pTOBLlX ROJIe
o6eCne1JH-
BaeTCH aa C1JeT nepeMeIQeH1lI1 KapeTKII 2 C HaTllmHLlM 6apa6aHoM 12, ROTopaH nepe-
ABllraeTCII npH nOMOIQII nHeBMO
JIHH,npa 1. Bapa6aH 9 MomeT npHBo,nllTbCH BO
Bpam;eHlle 1Jepes cllcTeMY nepeAa1J OT SJIeKTpOABHraTeJIII. IIpll Bpam;eBIIII SToro
6apa6aBa 60pToBLle KOJIb
a 6y,nYT nepeMeIQaTI>CII co CKOpOCTblO, paBBOH OKPY)RBOH
CROpOCTH 6apa6aHa. HaBHBKa KapKaca BeJIOnOKpLlmKII OCYIQeCTBJIlleTCII BCJIe,nCTBII&
06eraBIIII BOKpyr Me,nJIeHBO nepeMeIQalOIQIIXCII 60PTOBLIX KOJIe
10 mnYJIII 4 C BaHO-
380
a BO BTOpOM - oOJlee CJlOmHIdMB nHTalOID;JiIMB YCTpoiicTBaMH C MeXaHB1IeCKOii pac-
RaTKOB: npOTeKTOpBOB: J1eHTId; B BaBOOJlee COBepmeHJlJ>lX OopaaI(ax CTaBKOB ooecne-
lIeHO aBTOMaTB1IeCKOe OTpesaBBe npOTeKTOpHOB: J1eHTId.
llpHKaTKa npOTeKTopa B CJlOeB KapKaca oc
ecTBJlJleTCJI npH nOMOm;B npB-
KaTOllHIdX pOJlHKOB 6 B 8.
CTaBoK AJlJI COOpKB BeJlOnoKpwmeK nOKaaaa Ba pBC. 10.36. OB npBBOABTCJI
B ABIDReHBe OT aJleKTpOABBraTeJlJl MOm;BOCTLIO 0,75 KBT, CMOHTBpOBaBHoro Ba
nJlBTe. nepeAalla OT aJleKTpOABBraTeJlJl ocym;eCTBJlJleTCJI KJlHHOBYMH peMBJIMII
'K BaJlY, npBBOAJlm;eMY B ABBmeHBe npBBOAHOB: oapaoaH 9, cHaomeHBldi C'LeMBYM
QOOAOM, Ba KOTOpOM HaHeC8HY npOTO
B AJlJI OOpTOBIdX npOBOJlOK. PaCCTOJlBHe
MemAY npOTOllKaMB COOTBeTCTBYeT nepBMeTpy npO
BJlJI BeJlOnOKpldJIlKB OT KOJlLI(a
1:{0 KOJlbI(a; npB BSMeBeHBJII paSMepa cJleAYeT MeHJlTL 060A. BapaoaB 3 pacnOJlOmeH
Ba nOABHmHoi KapeTKe, npDBO)J;BMOB B ABBmeHBe BosAymHLIM
JlBH1:{pOM 1:{BOB-
Boro AeiicTBBJI, KOTOpldB paCTJlrBBaeT OopToBoe KOJlLI(O, C03AaBM BeOOXO)J;BMldi
BaTJlr npH HaMOTKe BeJlOTpeAa. XOJlOCTOB (CBOOOABO Bpam;alOm;OCJI) oapaoaa 3
TaKiKe BMeeT C'LeMHIdB OOOA. ,l(epmaTeJlL 8 AJlJI mnyJlL, CMOBTJllpOBaBBYB Ha Ka-
peTKe, MOmeT OYTL YCTa&OBJleH n01:{ TpeoyeMYM AJlJI HaMOTKB yrJlOM.
BopTOBlde KOJlbI(a Ha}:{eBaIOT Ha oapao8BY 3 D 9 D npD nOMOm;B BosAymBoro
RJlBBApa, B C03AaeTCJI HaTJlmeBBe. mnyJlIO C BeJlOTpeAOM YCTaBaBJlBBalOT Ba Aep-
maTeJlL. KOHeI( nOJlOCId BeJlOTpeAa SaKpenJlJlIOT Ha 60pTOBldX KOJlLI(ax. 3aTeM HamB-"
MalOT Ha pyKOJITKB 6 B Ha BOmBide neAaJlB 10, D AepmaTeJlL mnyJlB BallBBaeT Bpa-
m;aTMJI BOKpyr OOpTOBIdX KOJleI(, ooepTIdBaJl BX BeJlOTpe1:{oM no Mepe Toro, KaR
ROJlbI(a Bpam;aIOTCJI oapaOaBaMB Q D 9. KorAa MaTepBaJl (noJloca BeJlOTpeAa) npo-
XOABT npHKaT01lBYii pOJIJIIK 2, SanpaBJlJlIOT npOTeKTopByro J1eary. nocJle TOro
KaK oY1:{eT BaMOTa&O TpeoyeMoe KOJlJl1leCTBO MaTepBaJla, ero oopesalOT. CTaHOK npo-
p;oJlmae-r Bpam;aTbCJI, nOKa Be OYP;eT COCTYKOBaH npOTeKTOp. PyKOJlTKB 6 npeAHa-
aHalleBId AJIR Toro,
TOOY Sa&JlTL PYKB paoollero BO BpeHR paooTid CTaBKa D TeM
CaMYM BCKJII01JJITb BOSMomBOCTb H6ClIaCTJIIoro CJlyqM. BTOPyro BOmHyIO neAaJlb 10
Ba3ODla1OT, lITOOId BYKJII01JJITL
pHK
OBBYIO MYW. npODSBOABTeJlLHOCTD Ma-
BIBBY 60-80 nOKpHIlIeK/q. ,l(aBJleHJIe BOSAYxa 0,2 Mna.
CoOpaHBaJl CldpaJl BeJIOnOKpYmKa BMeeT BB1:{ nJlOCKOrO KOJlL
a. B TaKOM, BRAe
.oBa nepeAae'lCJI Ha BYJIKaHBSaI(BIO.
r nASA 11
,
060PY,D.OBAHHE .o.nfl BY nKAHH3ALJ.HH ABTOnOKPblWEK
H ABTOKAMEP
BYJlK8HHaan.HJI JlBJlJleTCJI a8Bepm81Om;m.t npOI(eCCOM npOHSBOACTB8 nOKpldmeK.
B peSYJlbT8Te BYJlK8HHaan;HH Cyp8J1 nOKpldmKa (S8roTOBK8) TepJleT nJl8CTH1IBOCTL,
CT8BOBIITCJI 3J1aCTH1IHOB H npOllHOB, T. e. npHOOpeT8eT HeooxoAHMlde
HaHKo-Mex8-
HJI1IeCKHe CBOBCTB8.
npoI(ecc ByJlK8HHsaD,HH S8KJlI01I8eTCJI B TOM, lITO CldpylO nOKpIdWKY, a8J10il<ea-
HyIO B MeT8J1J1HlIeCKYIO npecc-
pMY, nOABepr8IOT onpeCCOBKe H H8rpeBY AO TeMne-
p8Typid 145-170 °C. B np0n.ecce onpeCCOBKH HeCKOJlbKO YBeJlH1lHB81OTCJI ra6a-
pHTId nOKpldmKH, H OH8 npHoopeT8eT a8A8HBYlO KOH
HrYP8I(HIO B COOTBeTCTBJIJI
C p8SMep8MH npecc-
pMId.
,l(J1J1 npeCCOB8HHJI nOKpLnDeK B npecc-
pMe HcnOJlLaYIOT T8K H8SldB8eMide
B8pOllHide K8Mepid (AHa
p8rMId). B8pOllH8J1 K8Mep8 npeACT8BJlJleT coooi nOJIoe
peaBBOBoe KOJILn.O C ytOJlm;eHHIdM CepAellHHKOM, cH80meHBidM BeHTHJleM, lIepea
KOTOpldB B nOJIOCTb B8pOllHOB K8Mepid nOA81OTCJI nop; A8BJleHHeM TenJlOHOClITeJIK.
B npOI(eCce BYJlK8HHS8D,HH H8rpeB nOKpLlmKH ocym;ecTBJlJleTCJI C ABYX CTO-
pOH - co CTOpOHId npecc-
pMId H B8pOllHOB K8Mepld.
B a8BHCHMOCTH OT npllMeHJleMOro OCBOBBoro BYJlK8HHa8I(HOHHOro OOOPYAO-
B8HHJI TeXHOJlOrB1leCKBii npOI(eCC BYJlK8HHS8I(J1H BMeeT CBOH ocooeHHOCTH. B H8-
CTOJlm;ee BpeMJI AJlJI BYJlK8HHS8I(DB nOKpHIDeK npllMeBJlIOTCJI: 8BTOKJl8B-npeCCY;
HB1:{DBHAY8J1bHlde BYJlK8HHS8TOpld;
pM8TOpY-BYJlK8HBS8TOpld; MHoronOSHI(DOH-
BYe BYJIK8HHa8Topld.
11.1. CTAHKH Anf:j OKPACKH HEBynKAHH30BAHHblX
ABTOM06HnbHblX nOKPblWEK
,l(J1J1 OOJlerqeHHJI S8KJl8)J;KH B8pOllHOi K8Mepid npH
OpMOB8HHH H npeAoTBp8
e-
HHJI ee npHB8p8 K nOKpYmKe B npoI(ecce BYJlK8HHS8D,HH npoHSBOAHTCJI OKp8CK8
BHYTpeHHei nOBepxHocTH CldpldX nOKpldmeK CM8SK8MH B8 B01:{HOB OCHOBe.
Cldplde nOKpldmKH no pOJlbr8Hry nocTyn8IOT H8 ropHSOHT8J1bHlde pOJlHKH
CT8HK8 (pHC. 11.1), KOTopide npHBOAJlTCJI BO Bp8m;eHHe OT aJleKTpOABHr8TeJlJl 1I8pea
peAyKTop. Bo BpeMJI Bp8m;eHHJI nOKpldmKH BAOJlb BHYTpeHHeB ee nOJlOCTH nepe-
Mem;aeTCJI mTaHr8, H8 KOTOpOB YCTaHOBJleHId
PCYHKH (HJlH p8CnldJlHTeJlLHLIi
1:{DCK), ocym;eCTBJlJlIOm;He p8sopldarHB8HHe CMaaKH H OKP8CKY BHYTpeHHei nOBepx-
Hocm nOKpldmKH. IIocJle OKp8CKH nOKpldmKH 8BTOM8mlleCKH CT8J1KHBaIOTCR
C pOJlHKOB H8 OTOOPOllHIdB pOJlbr8Hr.
TeXBHlIeCK8J1 X8p8KTepHCTHK
CT8HKOB AJlJI OKp8CKH CldpldX nOKpldmeK npH-
Be
eH8 HHme:
CTaBOK Mil oRpacHB CIllPWX
UORplllDleR
.IIerROBIliX rpyaoBwx
aBTOM06unel aBTOMofianel
PaSMep OKpamllBaeMHX DORpYJDeK .... Ao 8,25-15
, BRJI
quTeJlbBO
npO
OJlIICBTeJlbBOCTb DOJlBOrO
n](JJa OKpa-
CRR, c . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . 17
'IacTOTa Bp8ll\eBBJI BaJia pas6pl>lsrllBaTeJlJl,
06/MBB ................ 1800
OT 200-508
o 320-508
17
383
CTaJibBaJl BaKyYMHaJl KaMep8 COCTOIIT DS ABYX nOJlOBHH. HHmBJIJI nOJlOBHHa
CMOBTllpOB8H8 Ha
YHAaMeHTe H lIMeeT rBApaBJlHlIeCKHB I(BJIBBAP c nJlYHmepOM.
BepxHJIJI nOJlOBHBa COeABBJleTCJI c 'HBmBeB npH nOMOm;1I m8pHHpOB. OTKpldBaHHe
II aaKpYBaHHe KallfepW OCym;eCTBJlJleTCJI MeX811J111eCKOB J1eOeAKOB, npHBOAHMOB
B
eWCTBHe aJleKTpOABDraTeJl€M.
B HaCTOJlm;ee BpeltfJl B8KYYMBYe
OpM8TOpY cepHBHO He BynYCKaroTCJI.
B03AymHl>le clmpMaTophi. B oTelleCTBeBHOB mHHHOH npOMYmJleBBOCTH npHMe-
HIiIOTCJI YBHBepCaJlhHlde B03Aymlllale
pM8TOpld, BB811e HaSIdBaeMye BosAymHYMH
&KCneHAep8MH, THna YB9-1, YB9-2, YB9-3 If YB9-4. HHme npDBeAeHa TeXHH-
lIeCK8J1 xapaKTepHcTHK8 B03AymBYX
pMaTopOB, BldnycK8eMYX OTelleCTBeHHYMH
aaBoAar.m:
THUW 8RCDeR)tcpoa
YB3-1 YB3-Z YB3-3 YB3-.
13-20 20-24 24-32 28-32
12,00 14.00 18,00 24,00
540 640 800 800
200 250 460 300
650 800 900 1300
230 250 250 250
1200 1350 1800 2100
1 1 1 2
noca
o'IBLlii
aMeTp DOKpHDleK, AIOii-
MLI ........... . . . .
MaKClIMa.1IbBLlD: pasMep Dp
BJIJI 00-
KpLlwIm, WOD:MLI . . . . . . . . .
,lJ.llaMeTp 60JlbWOrO
BJlBBApa, MH . .
,l\HaMeTp 60KOBLIX
BJlBB,!(pOB, 101M . .
XO)J; DOpWBR pa60'lRX
BJllDf)J;pOB, 101
,lJ.UaMeTp
HJlBB
pa AJIJI BCTaBKIl Ba-
pO'lBoii KaMepLl, 101M . . . . . . .
XO)J; DOpDDIJI
UJlBB,!(pa NIR BCTaBK8
BapO'lBOD: KaMepLl, 11M .. . . . .
q IICJleBBOCTb o6CJJYIICBBalO
ero Dep-
COB8J1a, 'IeJl.
,lJ.aBJleOe BosAyxa, Mna
B DBeBMOIJ,BJlBB,!(pax . 0.2-0,5 0,2-0,5 0,3-0,5
B Bapo'IBoii KaMepe . 0,1-0,3 0,1-0,3 0.1-0,3
B DOKphDDKe . . . . . 0,07-0,20 0,07-0,20 ,il.o 0,35
ra6apBTBLIe paSMepy, MM
JlDBa . 2000 2780 3200 4700
DlRpBBa 1040 1930 2500 3400
BLlCOTa 4685 5220 6490 7600
Maooa, T 4.2 5,2 7.2 13.0
Ha pHC. 11.2 nOKa3aH YHHBepCaJlbHYB B03AymBYB
pM8TOp YB9-2 AJlJI .pop-
MOB8HIIJI nOKpldmeK C OOOAOM 20-24". OH COCTOHT H3 cT8HHHwl, OCHOB8HHJI HHm-
Bero CTOJl8 2, HHmHero CTOJl8 3, BepXHero CTOJl8 4, I(HJlIIBAP8 5 P;J1J1 npHeM8 B8pOll-
BOB: KaMepld, npHBOA8 6, nOA'LeMHOrO CTOJl8 8, KOMMYHHK8I(Bi II CHCTeMId ynpa-
BJleHHII 7.
opMaTop YB9-4 KOHCTPYKTHBHO OTJlH1I8eTCJI OT YB9-2 TeM, 1IT0 HMeeT
1'I-00pa3Hyro CTaHmlY BMeCTO KOHCOJILHOH. 9TO BIdSBaHO TeM, 'ITO npH
pMOB8HHH
nOKpI>lmeK OOJILmHX p83MepOB p8SBHBalOTCJI 3H811HTeJlLHYe pacnopHYe YCHJlDJI.
cJ)0PMOB8HHe nOKpHmKH B BOSAymHoM
pM8Tope ocym;eCTBJlReTCR B cneAY-
[OID;eB nOCJleAOBaTeJlbHOCTH. 3arOTOBKa nOKp1dJIlK1I YCT8H811J1HBaeTCJI H8 HumHHH
CTOJI B CJlerK8 nO)J;m1lM8eTCJI BepXHIIM CTOJlOllf AJlJI Toro, lITOOY saKpldTh ee BHYT-
peBHIQIO nOJlOCTh. tJTOOY pacnp8BHTL II C
OpMOB8Tb S8rOTOBKY, B Bee nOA8eTCJI
BOA A8BJleHHeM cmaTIdH B03AYX, B peSYJlbTaTe lIero nOKpHIlIK8 npllBHM8eT TOpO-
oopaSHYIO
OPMY. tJeM mecT1Ie nOKpLnDK8, TeM OOJlLmee A8BJleHHe TpeoyeTCJI.
B nOKpymKY S8KJlaAldB8eTCJI B8p01lB8J1 K8Mep8, BYT8JiKDB8eM8R DS I(BJlHHAP8
5 (CM. pHC. 11.2), H OAHOBpeMeHHO npOH3BOAIITCJI onycKalllle BepXHero CTOJl8 4
AJIR cmaTDJI nOKpldmKH.
B nOJlOCTb BapOllBOB: K8Mepy nOA8eTCJI B03AYx nOA A8BJleHHeM, nOA AeBCTBHeM
KOToporo nOKpYmK8 p8CTJlrHB8eTCJI, H npOHCXOAIIT OKOH1I8TeJlLHOe p8Cnp8BJleHHe
BapOllHOB KaMepY. tJTOOId 3a
HKCHpOBaTL nOJlyqeHHyro
PMY nOKpldmKH, npH
CBJlTHIi ee C
OpM8TOP8 OTBepCTDe BeHTHJlJI B8p01lB0i KaMepY S8rJIyDI8eTCJI pe3H-
BOBOB DJIH MeTaJlJlHlIeCKOH npOOKOB.
llpHBOAId
OpM8TOpOB COCTOJIT HS HeCKOJlLKHX I(BJlHHAPOB, paOOTalOm;HX OT
cmaToro B03AYX8. KOHCTPYKI(HJI npHBOAOB
pM8TOpOB YB9-1, "YB9-2, YB9-3
25 3aR8a 163 385
,il.o 0,6
,il.oO,55
,il.o 0,3
:0 YB8-4 B npBBD,mIe O)J;BBaKOBa, :neOOJlbmOe pa8JIJl1lDe BMeeTCJI JI:omh B n01:{BElp;e
BOS.uyXa B :neKOTOplde nOJlOCTD I(DJIBB)J;pOB H BapOllHyro KaMepy. Ha p:oc. 11.3 nORa-
8a& npBBOp; c)opHaTopa YB8-2 AJlJI
pMoBall1Ul nOKpHIlIeK C OOOP;OM 1:{0 24".
Q:OJIBB)J;'p 1 1:{J1B np:oeMa BapOllHOi KaMepH 2 JlBJlJleTCJI CMeHHOB p;eTaJlblO.
Ero paSMepY 8aBDcn OT paSMepOB
opMyeMldx nOKpHIlIeR. ,l(J1J1 Kail<AOrO paSMepa
.....
">
.....
" :t
i
t_ -
<::>
....
PIle. B.2. YBBBepcam.BHi BOSAYJDBHi ioPMaTOp YB8-2:
1 - C'l'amma; S - OCBOB8RBe IIIDICIIeJ'O C'I'OJla; 8 - IIIDICBJdt cmm: , - BePXIIIdt cmm; 6 - 1tIUJIUUIP: . - DBeB-
IIODPBBOJI; 7 - CBCTella 1DPlWlellJl1l; 8 - DO)l,'l>eJDDJft cmm. ,
0601:{a nOKphIIIIK:O AOJlme:n 6ldTb CBoi I(DJllIH1:{p. tJTOOY CMellJlTL np:oeMHIdH I(1IJlBBAP,
aymHo OTCOeA:OlIJITb ero OT KpldmK:O I(DJlBBApa 5 H TpaBepcld 14, BldayTL :os I(DJIIIB-
p;pa 4 H Ha ero MeCTO BCTaB:OTb APyroB
J1:OB)J;p TpeoyeMoro paSMepa. Dp:o aTOM
8aMeBJleTCJI D nopmeHb 10.
386
."
...
:i
"';:I
25
9
8
7
S
t::)
>0<
Z
1
PBC. t t .3. nBeBMOOpBBO
4iopMaTOpa YB3-2:
1 - I.IBmIIIJIP; S - BapO'lll81l R8IIepa; 6 - RPM>Rj , - KOPDYC IOImD1,1lpa; $ - lIBeBIIOIWJUUIJIP; 6 - 6oROBOI
IISeBIIOIUIUlU.p; 7 - IIJ'lOR; 8-11 - DOpmllllj IS - 'leneCROllll'lecR81I 1'py(lRa; 16 - RplOIIKa (lnoRa IUlBBBUPOB;
14 - 'l'PlUlepca; 1$ - ru(lKBI IDJJ8Brj 16 - upXRBI CTOn.
AJlJI OnYCKa&HJI I(HJlHBApa 1 npB
opMoBaB1Ul nOKpldmKH cmaTIdH BosAYX
nOAaeTCJI Ha nopmeHb 9
epes OTBepCTHe A B KpHIlIKe OJlOKa
JIBBAPOB. nOp;'LeM
JlIIBApa npOHSBO)J;HTCJI cmaTIdM B03AYXOM, nOAaBaeMYM B oOKoBlde I(DmmAPId 6
lIepes OTBepCTBe B. ,l(JIJI BIdTaJIKHBaHHJI Bap01lB0B KaMepld HS I(DJlBBApa H SaJCJlap;K.
ee B nOKpldmKY cmaml BOSP;YX nOAaeTCJI B I(DJIBB)J;p 5 Ha nopmeHb 11 lIepea O'lBep-
CTBe r. llpB aTOM onycKaeTCJI BHHS nopmeHb 10 H BIdTaJlKHBaeT BapOllHyro KaMepy
2 HS
JIBBApa 1. tJTOOId BTJlBytb KaMepy B
JlBBAP, B I(DJllIH1:{p 5 nOA nopmeHb 11
lIepe3 TPYOKY
BOAaeTCJI CmaTYB B03AYX, npH aTOM BTJlrHBaeTCJI nopmeHb 10
. C B8BemeHHoB Ha KplOK 3 BapOllHOi KaMepoB. Bo BpeMJI
pMOBaHHJI nOICpYmKJit
cmaml BOSAYX nOAaeTCR B
J1I1BAP 4 Ha nopmeHb 9 lIepes oTBepcTHe A H B OOKO-
Bide
J1I1BAPId 6 lIepes OTBepCTBJI B.
opMoBaHBe nOKpHIlIeK B
opMaTopax npOHSBO)J;HTCJI npH pyqHOM ynpaBJle-
BHB paooToB npBB01:{a. ,l(JIJI nOA'LeMa nOKpHIlIeK AO ypOBHJI HHmuero CTOJla y .op..
MaTopOB lIMeeTCJI nOA'LeMHIdB CTOJI.
11.3. BynKAHH3ALtl0HHblE AnnAPATbi
11.8.1. ABToKnaB-n peccbI
ABTOKJlaB-npeCCY JlBJlJIIOTCJI BaBOOJlee CTapldM oOoPYAoBaBBeM. HsroToBJleBBe
HX npeKpam;eHO, op;HaKO Ba CTapldX mHHIIIaIX saBOAax OBB em;e HCnOJn.8yroTCJI
B OOJlbmOM KOJlHlIeCTBe.
Hs pa3J1B11BIdX cym;eCTBYIOm;HX KOHCTPYKTBBIIIaIX BapHa&TOB AJlJI BYJII(8I111Sa-
I(DH nOKpYmeK npBMeHJlIOTCJI rJlaBBYM oopasoM aBTOKJlaB-npeCCId C HenO)J;BBmHIDf
KopnYCOM H C'LeMHOB KpHIlIKOB C OaiiOHeTllldM SaTBOpOM. ,l(J1J1 BYJlKa&H3aI(Jm
KPYDHOraOapHTHldx nOKpLnDeK B 01leHb OrpaHB1leHHOM KOJlJl1leCTBe HCnOJlbSYIOTCJI
aBTeKJlaBY co C'LeMIlldM KOJlOKOJlOM, KOTopide cHaOmeHYl. oaiioHeTHIdM saTBopOM B
pesBlioBoB MeMopa&oi, oOeCnellHBalOm;eB He06xo)J;IIMoe npeCCOBoe yCHJlHe.
YCTpoicTBO aBTOKJlaB-npecca co c'LeMHoi KpldJIlKoi H Ben01:{BHmm.m Kopny-
COM nOKasaHO Ba pHC. 11.4. B aBTOKJlaB-npecc O)J;BOBpeMeHBO sarpymaeTcJI OT 8
,q0 20 npecc-(>opM B SaBHCJnfOCTH OT paSMepa BYJlKaHBsyeMYX nOKpldmeK H caMore
npecca.
npOHSBOABTeJlLBOCTb aBTOKJlaB-npecca Q (noKpldmeK/cytKH) onpe
mleTeJl
no
opMYJle
Q 24.60'1&
'B+tn
r
. 11 - 'lBCJIO DOKpYIDeK. OpOBpeKeBBO aarpyacaeana B aBTOKJlaB; la - DpOAOJDIUI'lMI>.OC'l1t
JJ,
BYJlKaBB88JJ,BB, 1oUDI; In - DpO
OJDRBTeJl"'OCT" oepeaapRAKB aBTOIUIaBa, MBB.
KpaTKaJl TeXHH1IeCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa aBTOKJlaB-npeCCOB, BldnyeKaeMIdX
OTelleCTBeHHoi npOMldmJleHBOCTblO. npHBeAeBa B TaOJl. 11.1.
T a6Aulfa 11.1. KpaTKaB TeXJIB1JeelCaJi xapaKTepBCTua aBTOdaB-opeeCOB, BloInyclCaeMwx
OTe.eCTBeBBOi DlBBBoi npo.....lWJeBIIOCTI>JO
,naBneaue
DpeccOBoe ,nBalleTp II< RnROCTB naBnellBe
TBD yc=e, BByTpellBd Pallo'lall UnylllI<epa B rBJIPo- uapa B allTO-
ABalieTp, _ BIoICOTa, _ Dpecca, 1111 mUDlllAPe KnaBe, MIla
upecca, MIla
AII-330-1420 3,3 1420 4575 560 13.6 (1,7
AIIY-330-1600 3,3 1600 2400 560 13.6 0,7
AII-330-1600 3,3 1600 4560 560 13,6 0,7
AIIY-65O-2000 6,5 2000 2560 860 12 0,7
AII-650-2000 6,5 2000 4560 860 12 0,7
388
2*
<I" '"
JO
PBC. ft.". ABTOKJJ8B-Upecc co
C'loeIQIoi KpYDJKoi:
1 - OCBOlIll.lllle; S - RPOIlJll'lelB; 6-
RBB
e
'1- ROpuyc; 6 - Ro.JIOBHa; 8,
IS - rab.; 7 - IlaIOBeTlloe Konqo;
8 - RpWlDlla; 9 - ploDl-Gom; 10 - PIII-
'I8J'; 11 - IllllGep; 16 - Tpa:&epca; 14 -
BaDPaBJllQ)
all pelhca; 16 - Tpylla;
16 - ROItMMBJodt C'I'Oa; 17 - BaDPaBnII-
1OJq!dt RpoHlDTeIH; 18, SI - BallDa;
19, '0 - H8JfIIDUIIoIe IIT)'JIRIf; sa - nut-
POqJUlllJlJlP; S6 - tmyJIHCep; S4 - JIB'"
CTp.ClY'ft)p; 16 - olipaTllloil ManU;
S6 - 88DOPHWII: BeBTRJlIt; S7 - meCTep-
u; ,,- ayCiolaT81I pelKa; ,,- RpoB-
JII'IdB; 60 - I'II,IIPOlIDJJHIW).
If
0900
01100
<Q
13
BeJlH1lHHa npeCCOBOrO YCHJlDJI aBTOKJlaB-npeCCa AOJlil<Ha npeBLnDaTb pacnop-
BOe YCHJlDe, pa3BDBalOm;eeCJI B
pMe B npOI(eCCe BYJlKaHD3an;DH. PaCnOpHOe yCB-
J1He Q onpeAeJlJlIOT no
opMYJle Q = q n (D: - D: H /4, rAe q - MaKCBMaJlLHOe Aas-
J1eBDe B Bap01lB0B KaMepe; DB-BapymHIdB ABaMeTp nOJlOCTB BapOllBOB KaMepld;
DBR-BHYTpeHHHB AHaMeTp nOJlOCTB Bap01lB0B KaMepld.
11.3.2. HHAHBHAyanbHble BynKaHHsaTopbI
HHADBHAyaJlhHyi BYJlKaHHSaTOp - aTO BYJlKaHHSaI(JIOHHldi rDp;paBJlHlIeCRuB:
HJlH pldllamHO-MeXaBH1IeCKDH npecc C :')J1eKTpH1leCKIIM npHBOAOM, B KOTOpOM BYJlKa-
HDSaI(HJI nOKpymeK ocym;ecTBJlJleTCJI B HenOABDiI<BO SaKpenJleHHYX npecc-
pMax.
HH}:{DBDAyaJlhHye BYJlKaHHSaTOpY BMelOT cym;ecTBeHHye npeDMym;ecTBa no
cpaBHeHHlO C aBTOKJlaB-npeccaMD: OTnaAaeT HeOOxoAIIMOCTb TpaHCnOpTDpOBKB npecc-
OpM; Bce TeXBOJlOrH1leCKHe OnepaI(DD - CMIdKaHDe npecc-
pM, npOI(eCC BYJlKa-
BH3all;HH D paCKpldTHe npecc-
opM - aBTOMaTD3HpOBaHId; SBallBTeJlLBO o6J1er-
lIaeTCJI TPYA. CBHmaIOTCR Tpyp;OBye saTpaTLI; 00eCne1lBBaeTCJI oOJlee paBHOMepHaJl
BYJIKaHHSaI(JIR, TaK KaK Bce nOKpldmKH BYJlKaHBSYIOTCJI npD OAHOM D TOM me
TenJlOBOM pemDMe; HCKJllOlIaeTCJI MaCCOBYB opaK nOKpLnDeK Ds-sa HapymeHDJI
pemHMa BYJlKaBBsaI(IIB (npH pa60Te Ha aBTOKJlaB-npecce B nOAOOHOM cnYlIae
B opaK DAyr Bce nOKpHIlIKD, HaXOARm;BeCJI B aBTOKJlaBe); SHallDTeJlbHO MeHldDe pac-
XOA aJleKTpOaHeprDII D napa; npeCC-
pMY Jlene D AOJlLme CJlymaT.
HHABBD1:{yaJlblllale BYJlKaHBSaTopLl OIdBalOT OAHO- H ABYX
opMOBlde. B OP;SO-
pMOBIdX (OADHapBYX) BYJIKaHHsyroT nOKpldmKD OOJlLmDX pasMepOB.
TeXHOJlOrH1leCKaJl cxeMa npOI(eCca ByJIKaHHSaI(DH C npllMeHeHDeM HH1:{1I8HAY-
aJlbHYX BYJlKaHBSaTopOB aHaJlOrB1lHa cxeMe C npDMeHeBBeM aBTOKJlaBOB, TaK KaK
B HHX Tome npBMeHJleTCJI BapOllBaJl KaMepa. PasMep HH1:{HBDAYaJlbHYX BYJlKaBIISa-
TOpOB YKa3YBalOT B )J;IOoax. OB OOOSHallaeT: AJlJI OAHO
OpMOBIdX BYJlKaHDSaTO-
pOB - paCCTOJlHDe MemAY HanpaBJlJlIOm;HMII (OOJlbIDIIMD maTyBaMD), a AJIR ABYX-
pMOBIdX BYJlKaHJISaTOpOB - nOJlOBHBy aToro paCCTOJlHDJI.
HHp;HBD1:{yaJlLHye BYJlKaHDSaTOpY OIdBalOT cJleAYIOm;BX paSMepOB: 36", 45",
55', 65" D 85". BYJlKaBHSaTOpY nepBIdX Tpex paSMepOB BynYCKalOTCJI cp;BoeB-
HYMD, a nOCJlep;HDX ABYX - 01:{HBapHLIMD.
, no THny ooorpeBa DHADBDAyaJlbHlde BYJlKaHHSaTOpld OYBalOT aBTOKJlaBHOrO
THna (c napOBYMH KaMepaMH); C BYJlKaHHsaI(JIOHBYMH
OpMaMB, BMelOm;HMD napo-
Bide PyoamKD; C ooorpeBaTeJlLHIdMH nJIBTaMD. ,l(J1J1 BYJlKaHDsaI(IIB nOKpymeK
npeBMym;eCTBeHHO npDMeBJlIOT DH1:{HBDAyaJlbHye BYJlKaHHSaTopld aBTOKJlaBHOrO
TDna.
OTelleCTBeHHaJl npOMymJleBBOCTb BldnYCKaeT BYJlKaHHSaTOpy TIlDa HBn
(DHAHBHAyaJlhHIdB BYJlKaBHSaTOp nOKpLnDeK). nocJle oYKBeHHoro OOOSHalleBIIJI
CTaBDTCJI lIHCJlO, OOOSHallalOm;ee npeCCOBoe yCDJlHe. HDme npDBeAeHa TeXBJI1IeCKM
xapaKTepDCTDKa HH1:{HBHAYaJlbUYX BYJlKaHDSaTopOB lIeTypeX THnOB: .
HBn-120 BBn-310 DBn-700M en-HOO
PaSMephl DOKphlmeK . . .. OT 6,50-20 OT f2,00-2O OT f4,00-20 ,1:\0 30,00-40
AO 7,50-20 AO f4,00-20 AO 2f,00-28
MaKCRMaJlI>Bhlii ,I{BaMeTp opecc- 850 1350 f980 3000
c1JoPMbl, MM
BhlcoTa opecc-if>opMhI, MM 550 750 10SQ
MaKCHMaJibBaJi 300
MlUlllMaJIbBaJi f25 300 450 500
BBYTpeBBRH AlIaMeTp DapOBOD: 1000 fSOO 2fOO 3250
Kauephl, MM . . . . . . . .
MaKCBMaJibBO AonYCTHMoe pac-
Dopuoe YCIIJlHe Ha Dpecc- f20 700 Hoo
c1JoPMY, MH . . . . . . . . 310
,1:\aBJleBBe oapa B napoBoi Ka- 0.6 0.6 0,6 0,8
Mepe, Mna . .
390
,I(allJleHBe BOAS, MIla
oeperpeToii ..,
oXJla
awDleii BapOQByro
Kuep y ..
B
pOCoc'I-eMe .....
BpeMJI oTKpmaBBJI BYJlKaBII3a-
TOpa, C . . . . . . . . . .
BpeMJI aaKpmaJIBJI By.nKaBBsa-
Topa, c .
MOllUloCTb a.neKTpoopBBOAII,
KBT' . ... .
ra6apoTBse pa3MepS, 101M
BBa. .. . .
IUllpBBa . . . . . . . . .
BSCOT8. (B OTKpSTOM OOJlo-
*eBBB) .. .
Macca. T .
2
2
2
2
2.5
2,5
2.0-2.5
35
35
23,0
3650
2780
3950
26.80
2.5
2.5
2,5
180
160
rOAPaBJID'lec-
KBi
4800
4350
3850
65,80
¥CTpOBCTBO IIJIAIIB
yaJIbB"'x BYJJK8BBaaTopoB. HHABB
yaJlbHhIH BYJlKaHHsa-
TOp HBn-700 (pDC. 11.5) COCTODT liS cTaBBlllalI, Ba KOTOpoi YCTaBOBJleBa BDmBRR
lIMTL napoBoH KaMephI 2; BDmBei TpaBepChI 4, K KOTOpoi npllKpenJleBa BepXBJlR
nOJlOBBHa napoBoB KaMephI 3; BepxBei TpaBepchI 5, cBRsaBBoi C KpIlBomDnBo-ma-
TYHHYM MeXa&IISMOM 6; lIepBRlIHOrO pep;YKTopa 7 C aJleKTpOp;BllraTeJleM 8; syollaToi
nepep;allD 9, COCTOJlm;eH DS ABYX nap sYOllaThIX KOJleC, pacnOJlOmeBHhIx CDMMeTpB.1lBO
no 60KaM CTaHDBH; aKCI(eBTpDKoBoro MexaBDSMa 10; asapllihloro BYKJllOlIaTeJlR 11;
napoBhIx, rD1:{paBJI
eCKDX II nBeBMaTDlIeCKDX KOMMYHIIKaI(BH D perYJlIIPYIOm,ei
apMaTyphI; npll60poB KOBTpOJlR II perYJlllpOBaBDR TeMDepaTyphI II p;aBJleBIIR;
KOMaH}:{Boro nplloopa II cpep;cTB aBTOMaTBKII.
HllmBRR nOJlOBBBa npecc-
opMhI KpenllTCR K BllmBeB nOJlOBDHe napoBoi
KaMepy, a BepxBRR - K BepxBei. BepxBRR nOJly
opMa KpenllTcR K nJlaBmaBOe,
nJlamnaioa Itop;HIIMaeTcR II onycKaeTcR npll YCTaBOBKe npecc-
opM paSJlJl1IIIOB
BhICO
hI II npll perYJlllpOBaBlI1I HaTHra nOJly
opM.
,l(J1R OOJleneHIIR DSBJlelleBDR rOTOBhIX nOKpHIlIeK liS npecc-
opM BepxHei
nOJly<)opMe npll oTKphIBaBIIII napOBYX KaMep cOOOm;aeTcR p;BllmeHlle no CJlOmBOB
TpaeRTopllll.
Y BYJlKaBIISaTopoB, npep;BaSBalleBHhIX 1:{J1R BYJlKaBIISaI(1I11 rpysoBhIx nOKpw-
meR, OTphIB nOKphImeK OT BDmBeB nOJly
opMhI ocym;ecTBJlHercR BCTpoeBBhIM
B cTaBHBy CneI(lIaJlLBhIM MexaBIISMOM. Y BYJlKaHIIsaTopa HBn-700 aTOT MexaBIISM
COCTOHT liS I(DJlDHApa 13 (CM. pllC. 11.5) II OopToBoro KOJlbI(a 12. tJTOOhI OTOp-
BaTb nOKphImKY OT BllmBei nOJlY
opMY nocJle paCKphITIIH napOBYX KaMep B I(II-
J111Bp;p aacocoM nop;aerCR MaCJlO nop; p;aBJleBlleM AO 5 MIla. BopToBoe KOJlbI(O nO)l;-
BlIMaeTCR BBepx, OTphIBaR nOKphImKY OT BllmBeB nOJly
opMhI. Hep;ocTaTKoM Mexa-
BDSMa RBJlReTCR BhICOKoe p;aBJleBlle MaCJla B I(HJlIIHApe, ynJloTBeHlle KOToporo
CBRsaHO C BeKoTophIMII TPY1:{BOCTRMD.
HBp;IIBllp;yaJlLBhIH BYJlKaBDsaTop HBII-1100 He IIMeeT Tpap;HI(HOBBOrO Mexa-
BlIlIeCKOrO npIlBop;a. Ero YCTPOHCTBO nOKasaHO Ba pllC. 11.6. Ha CTaHIIHe 1 YCTa-
BOBJleB CTOJI 2, Ba KOTOphIB yCTaBaBJlIIBaeTCR BHmHRR nOJly
opMa 3. 1\ CTaHHBe 1
npllBapeBo KOJlbI(O 5, Ha Bero onllpaeTCR napoBaH KaMepa 9 KOJlbI(OM 7. BepxBRR
nOJly
opMa 8 KpenDTCR K napoBoH KaMepe OOJlTaMII 11. PerYJlllpoBaBlle nOJlOmeHIIR
BepxHeB nOJly
opMhI no BhICOTe ocym;ecTBJlReTCR meCTLIO BBBTaMH 10. 1\OJlLna 5
II 7 CBHSYBalOTCR oaioBeTBhIM KOJlbI(OM 6, p;J1R nOBopOTa KOToporo npH OTKphIBaHDB
II saKphIBaHIID KaMephI Ba CTaBIIBe 1 yKpenJleBhI p;Ba rllp;paBJllIlIeCKIIX I(1IJ1I1Hp;pa 4.
I1pll saKphIBaBIIII KaMephI nOJly
opMhI CMhIKalOTCR oes HaTRra p;J1H oOJlee
J1erKOro nOBopoTa OaBOBeTBOrO KOJlbI(a 6. ,l(J1H cosp;aHIIH Heooxop;HMoro HaTRra
nOJly+opM B CTaBBBe BCTpoeBhI meCTb rllp;paBJI
eCKIIX I(1IJ1I1BP;pOB 18 p;lIa
par-
MeDoro TBDa. I10cJle saKphITIIR napoBoH KaMepy, nepep; nOp;alleH TenJlOBOCIITeJleB
391
12
5,7
7.0
40
18
10.0
1765
1520
1760
3,5
2810
1940
2780
10.6
B BapOllHYIO KaMepy, B I(1IJ1BBP;pLlI8 nOp;aeTCR MaCJlO, II CTOJl2 nOp;mllMaeT BllmB1010
nOJly
opMY 3 K BepxBeB nOJly
opMe 8; TaKDM oopasoM Memp;y BIIMB cosp;aeTCR
aaTRr, npep;OTBpam;alOm;IIB BLlnpeCCOBKY peSHHbI npOTeKTopa B CTLIK nOJlyc)opM.
i:.
5
"
....
.'"
PlIC. 11.6. HB}\lIBlIJJ;yaJILBWii BYJlKaBBsarop HBn-1100:
1 _ CTaHHHa; 2 - CTOJI; I - IfII>KHIUI DOJlyfj!opMa; 4 - rKJIPoQRJlwrnp; 5 - KOJIhQO; 6 - 6alloHeTHOe KOJ1b
;
7 _ KOJlbQO' 8 - BepxHRR DOJlyfjlopMa; 9 - DapOB3R K8Mepa; 10 - BRHT; 11 - !ioJJT; 12 - Ban; 18 - pW'lar;
14 - crollKa; 15,16,18 - rHJJ;poQIfJlRHJJ;PIo1; 17 - OopTOBoe KOJlbQO.
nepep; OTT\phIBaHlleM napOBOB KaMepLl, nocJle CHRTDR p;aBJleBIIR C napOBOB II BapOll-
HOB KaMep, AaBJlCHHe C rHAPOI(IIJ1I1BP;pOB 18 CBDMaeTCII, II OaBOBeTBLlB saTBOp
pasrpymaeTcli AJIR nOBOpOTa KOJlbI(a 6.
,l(J1R sarp)'SJm CLlpOH nOKpLlmKH C BJlOmeHHoii: B Hee BapO'IBoii: KaMepoB D
nbII'pYSKD nYJlKaBIfSOnaBHoH nOKpLlmKH DS ByJlKaHHsaTopa napOBaR KaMepa, nop;-
BemeHHalI Ha )\BYX pyqarax 13, CIHl3aHHLlX 06m.HM BaJIOM 12 II onDpaIOm;HxCR
393
Ba CTOUKII 14, nO)J;HHMaeTCR D onycKaeTCJI ABYMR fHApaBJllI1JeCKIIMH I(HJlBBp;paMB
15, mapBHpHO nOABemeHHhIMB K CTaBHHe D CBR33BHhIMD C pY'IaraMB 13.
QHJlHHAPY 15 paooTalOT OT CneI(HaJlbBOH rHp;paBJlHlIeCKOB CTaHI(BB, YCT8-
HaBJlHBaeMoii BOSJle KamAoro BYJlKaBBSaTopa. ,l(J1R OTphIBa BYJlKaBBSOBaBBoB
nOKphImKH OT HDmBeB nOJly
opMY B CTaHBHY BMOHTHpOBaH rHp;paBJlJI1IeCKBH I(B-
J1DBP;p 16, CBRsaBBhIH C OOpTOBhIM KOJlbI(OM 17.
BhIrpysKa BYJlKaHBSOBaBBOH nOKpymKH, KaK D sarpYSKa ChIpOB, npOHS-
BOP;BTCR I(eXOBhIMJI nOp;'LeMHhIMB cpep;CTBaMH, TaK KaK BYJlKaHBSaTOp Be CBaomeB
CneI(BaJlLBhIMD MexaBBSMaMB. ¥npaBJleBBe npOI(eCCaMB BYJlKaHDsaI(HB ocym;e-
CTBJlReTCR aBTOMa
eCKB npH nOMOm;B KOMaBp;Boro npBoopa KSn-12y no sap;aHBOB
nporpaMMe. B BaCTORm;ee BpeMR HHp;HBHP;yaJlbBhIe BYJlKaHHSaTophI CHRThI C npODS-
Bop;CTBa, BO Ba mBBBhIX saBop;ax OHB em;e aKCnJlyaTBpYIOTCR B OOJlbmOM KOJlll1JeCTBe.
11.3.3. ttJopMa TOpbl-BY nKaHH3a TOpbl
npoBeAeBBe BYJlKaBHSaI(BB nOKphImeK B aBTOKJlaB-npeccax B HHp;HBBP;yaJlb-
BhIX BYJlKaBBSaTopax CBRsaBO C OOJlbmOH saTpaToH
HSHlIeCKOrO Tpyp;a. noaToMY
annaparypBoe O
OpMJleBBe npOI(ecca BYJlKaBBSaI(DD Hymp;aJlOCb B KopeBBOM
YCOBepmeBCTBOBaBBH B BanpaBJleHHH p;aJlbBeiimeB MeXaBBSaI(HB B aBTOMaTHSaI(BB.
PemeBHe aToro Bonpoca OhIJlO Haiip;eHo B cosp;aBHB
opMaTopoB-BYJlKaBBSa-
TOpOB, B KOTOphIX OYJla DCnOJlbSOBaHa peS1IH0BaJl p;Ha
parMa BMeCTO OOhIlIBO
npBMeBReMoB Bap01lB0H KaMephI. HCnOJlbSOBaBBe p;Ba
parMhI KaK BeOT'LeMJleMOH
lIaCTD BYJlKaBBSaTopa nOSBOJlHJlO Ha OP;BOM oOoPYAoBaBBB nOCJlep;OBaTeJlbBO
npOBop;DTL CJlep;yrom;Be OnepaI(BB: SaKJlap;KY p;Da
parMY B nOJlOCTb nOKpIdmKH,
4flopMoBaBBe, BYJlKaBHSaI(HIO B BhIeMKY p;Ha
parMY. 3aMeBa aBTOKJlaB-npeCCOB
D BH1:{DBBAyaJlLBhIX BYJlKaBHSaTopOB Ba
opMaTOpY-BYJlKaBHSaTophI p;aJla BOS-
MomBOCTb SBallBTeJlbBO YDpOCTDTb TeXHOJlOrll1JeCKBB npOI(ecc sa ClIeT J1BKBBAaI(HB
TaKDX caMOCTORTeJlLBhIX yqacTKoB I(exa BYJlKaHDSaI(HD, KaK yqacToK
opMoBaBBR
nOKpHIlIeK Ba
opMaTopax (aKcneHp;epax), yqacToK yp;aJleBHR BOp;Y HS Bap01lBhIX
KaMep B yqacToK BhIeMKB BapOllHhIX KaMep BS nOKpHIlIeK Ba cneI(BaJlbBhIX CTaBKax.
npllMeBeBBe p;Da
parM p;aeT SHallHTeJlbHYIO aKOBOMDIO peSBBhI: BanpBMep, Macca
BapO'IBOB KaMephI P;J1R nOKpYmKH 260-508 COCTaBJlReT 25 Kr, a p;Ha
parMhI -
12 Kr. KpoMe Toro, npOI(eCC npODSBop;CTBa p;Ba
parM SBa1IHTeJlbBO npom;e B oOJlee
MexaHBSBpOBaB, lIeM npOI(eCC npOHSBop;CTBa Bap01lBhIX KaMep.
HCnOJlbSOB8BBe p;Ba
parM Ba 20-25% CBBmaeT npOp;OJlmBTeJlbBOCTb BYJlKa-
. BHsaI(1III
a ClIeT oOJlee ohIcTporo nporpeBa BHYTpeBBBX CJlOeB nOKphIWKB B oopTa.
OCBam;eBlfe.'.
opMaTopoB-BYJlKaBBSaTopoB aBTOMaTB.1IeCKIIMII YCTpOHCTBaMB P;J1R
sarpYSKB ChIphIX B BhIrpYSKB BYJlKaHBSOBaBBhIX nOKphImeK npBBeJlO K YCTpaBeBBIO
TRmeJlOrO
BSBlIeCKOrO Tpyp;a. TaKBM oopasoM, OCBam.eBBe I(eXOB BYJlKa&BSaI(BB
opMaTOpaMB-BYJlKaBBSaTopaMD BMeCTO aBTOKJlaBOB B BBp;BBBP;yaJlbBhIX BYJlKa-
BDsaTopOB p;aeT BOSMomBOCTb ynpocTHTb TeXBOJlOrBlIeCKBB npOI(eCC B YMeHbmBTL
npOAOJlmBTeJlbBOCTb BYJlKa&BSaI(HB nOKphImeK, T. e. nOBhICBTb npOBSBOp;BTeJlb-
BOCT!> BYJlKaBB3aI(BOHHOro oOOPYP;OBa&BR.
K 1:{11Ia
parMe npeA'LRBJlRIOTCR SHallBTeJlbBO 06J1bmBe TpeooBaBBR, lIeM K Ba-
pO
OB KaMepe. B TO BpeMR KaK Bap01lBaR KaMepa npB
opMOBaBBB B BYJlKaBBSa-
D nOKpYmeK nop;BepraeTCR HeSBallHTeJlLBYM p;e
opMan;BRM, p;Ba
parMa CBJlbBO
p;e
opMBPyeTcR H B Bei BOSBBKalOT OOJlbmHe HanpRmeBBR. n pH aTOM MaTepBaJl
p;Ba
parMhI p;OJlmeB p;J1BTeJlLBOe BpeMR BhIp;epmHBaTb BhICOKBe TeMDepaTyphI B OhITb
MaJlOqyBCTBBTeJlbBYM K Bosp;eBCTBBIO napa, rOpRlIeB BOp;Y B Bosp;yxa. TaKHM
TpeOOBaBBRM YAOBJleTBOpRIOT p;Ba
parMY Ha OCBOBe OYTBJlKayqYKa.
nepBhIe OOpaSI(hI
opMaTopOB-BYJlKaBBSaTopOB, TaK BaShIBaeMhIX «oer-O-Ma-
TIIK», OhIJlB paspaOOTaBhI
BpMOH «MaK HeBJI» (CillA).
no npBBI(Hny p;eiCTBBJI
opMaTOpY-BYJlKaHBSaTophI p;eJlRTCR Ba TPB rpynnhI:
a)
opMaTophI-BYJlKaBBSaTophI C ynpaBJlReMOB BId)J;BHralOm;eBCR p;Ba
parMOH (TBna
394
coer-O-MaTDK»}; 0)
OpMaTOphI-BYJlKaHllaaTOphI C YORpalOm;eHCR p;Da
parMOB (THna
«aBTotopJD); B)
OpMaTOphI-BYJlKaBIISaTOphI Oe3p;Ba
parMeBBYe; nOCJlep;BDe Be
nOJlyqllJlII pacnpOCTpaBeBIIR.
B nOCJlep;Blle rop;hI sa PyoemoM nOJlyqDJlH mHpOKoe pacnpOCTpaHeBHe
opMa-
TOPhI-BYJlKaHIISaTophI Tllna «aBTo
opM», KOTophIe IICnOJlbSYIOTCR P;J1R BYJlKaBlIsaI(1I11
J1erKOBhIX II rpYSOBhIX nOKpldmeK pap;DaJlbBOB KOBCTPYKI(IIH.
11.3.3.1. lDopMaTopbI-sYJlKaHHSaTopbI THna "lSer-o-MaTHK"
OTelleCTBeBHaR UpOMYmJleBHOCTb cepllBBo DSrOTaBJlIIBaeT
opMaTOpY-BYJlKa-
HilS aTOpY TBDa «oer-o-MaTBK» CJlep;YIOm;IIX paSMepOB: 30", 36", 40", 55", 60" -
ABYX
opMoBhIe II 75", 88" - 01:{B0
OpMOBYe. 3apyoemBhIe
HpMhI H3rOTaBJIIIBalOT
opMaTophI-BYJlKaHIISaTophI Tllna «oer-o-MaTIIK» OT 16 AO 120".
B CCCP YTB
pmp;eB CneI(lIaJlbBYH rOCT 11973- 72. Cor J1aCliO aTOMY rOCT
opMaTophI-BYJlKaBHSaTophI p;OJlmahI BhInYCKaTbClI ABYX THnOB - OAHO
opMoBhIe
II P;BYX
opMoBhIe; 0003BallalOTCR OHH, BanpHMep, CJleAYIOm;HM oopasoM:
B
2-100-940-185/280K, rp;e 2 - lIDCJlO npecc-
opM, 100-pacnopHoe YCDJlHe, KG-
TOpoe p;onycKaeTClI Ba OP;HY npecc-4IopMY npD ByJlKaHHSaIJ;HH (B TOHHax), 940-
BBYTpeHHHH p;HaMeTp napoBoH KaMephI, 185 H 280 - HaHMeHbmee H HaHOOJlbmee
paCCTORHHR Memp;y YCTaBOBO'lHhIMH nJlOCKOCTlI'MH, l\ - KaMepHhIH 060rpeB.
opMaTOpY-BYJlKaHHSaTophI nOCTaBJllIlOTCR KOMnJleKTHO C aBTOMaTBKOB
ynpaBJleHHR. TeXHHlIeCKall xapaKTepllCTIIKa
OpMaTOpOB-BYJlKaHHSaTopoB qeThI-
pex THnOB npHBep;eBa Hllme: "
BcII2-1 00-94 0-
185/280 (
Pa3MepbI BYJlKaBusyeMNx OT 4,50-16
nOKpbImeK ....... AO 7,00-15
MaKCBMaJlbBaS BbICOTa opecc-
pMbI, MM . . . . . . .
qBCJJO opecc-cf!opM ....
BBYTpeaalrii: ABaMeTp oapOo
BOB KaMepbI, MM
MaKcBMaJibBoe pacnopBoe
YCHJlUe Ba npecc-
pMY,
MH .. .. . . . .
060rpeB OpeCC-WOpMN . . .
,IJ;UJleBBe oapa, Mlla
B
a4!parMe (WIs Wop.
. MOB8IIBS) . . . . . .
B oapoBOH Kuepe ..
,IJ;8BJJeBUe neperpeTOB BOAH
B ABa4!parue, Mlla . . .
,lJ;UJJeBHe oXJla
81OJqeii BO-
AN, Mlla
B ABa4!parMe .....
B napOBOB Kuepe . . .
,IJ;8BJJeBHe BOAN B rHAPoopu-
BOp,U, Mlla ......
BaKYYM B p,IIa4!parMe, MM
pT. CT. . . . . . . . . .
TeMnepaTypa oeperpeTOB BOo
AbI B ABa4!parMe, °C "
BpelfJl OTKpNBaBUS (aaKpN-
BaBBJI) npecca, C . . . .
YnpUJleBUe opO
ecCOM BYJI-
KaBU3a
1II1 .. . . .
ra6apHTBNe paSMepN, 101
AJiBBa
mupUHa
BNCOTa .
Maooa, T . .
B<1>2-200-1310-
240/353 (55")
OT 7,00-15
AO 11.00-20
B<1>I-400-1800-
305/635 (75")
OT 12.00-20
AO 18.00- 24
B<1>I-700-2200-
325/750 (88")
OT 12,00-20
AO 21,00-28
280
2
635
1
750
1
353
2
940
1800
2200
1310
1
4,1
llapoBoi
2
llapoBoH
7
0,2
0,6
0,35
0,6
0.2
0,6
0,5
0,8
2
2
2,5
2
2
0,3
2
2
0.4
2.5
0,1
2
2
0.3
2
2
400
::S:;;4oo
400
::S:;;4OO
180
180
175
180
30
80
50
90
A
B TOM a T B1J ec K 0 e
ABTOMa TH1JeCKOe
2620
3550
2900
13
4300
3400
4445
2ft
3710
3980
2768
21\.8
4973
3700
5500
51
:
a0
11
12
I;}
'*
15 10 17
6 .
Ii')
4-
""
.
i '
J
z
1350
,1,50
6
1IYJfKaBB3aTOp 40':
, - CBCftMa nutpaBJIBRB; 4- MeZ8BB8.' O'l'PloIBa ByaJ(8BB80BaBIIJoIZ nOJqllllDleK O'f IIIDIIBIIJ: noaytopu; I, 'I - DPB-
pllitmolil: lIH1CnKI.aTemt; 8 - MeXIIBIJ811 pery.JllJpOBIIBBJI .KCOTY UIIeCC1oP....; 9 - nupoR lIeZUII8Ma aarpyaKB;
aapoB81I K8IIepa; 14 - DpeJlOXPamrrem.mill MaDU; I' -1m8JrmaliGa; 1'1 - perynapyJODUd MaDaR; 18-
IPJ,1IBII,IIp MeXaHB8l1a O'l'PKBa DOJqllllDleK OT
1IIDtIBIa noaytopllj 18 - .eXIIBBBIl yDJIlIN_JUlQparMol; S4.-
1I8KYYMeTP; S6 - MaHOlieTp. I , ,. .
Oop, ynpaSJlRIOJD;Dii {npOI(eCCOM BYJlKa&RS
DO i S8AaBBOi . npOrpaMMe; npH-
OOphI 5, 7, peryJlllpyrom;De TeMIleparypy B napOBhIX KaMepax B perRCTpBpYIOm;De
,«aBJleBBe B 1:{11Ia
parMax; nYJlLT ynpaBJleBBR 24, B KOTOpOM: pa8Me
eBY npDoophI
aBTOMaTBKB D KBonKB ynpaBJleBBR paOOTOB npecca.
HDHCBRH 1J8CTL napoBoi KaMepY BenO}IBlDlUla. BepXBRJI lIaCTL napoBoB Ka-
Hepw KpeDDTCR K TpaBepce 12 B npD OTKphIBa&BJII topMaTopa-BYJlKaUBSaTopa
BMOOTe C TpaBepcoii: nop;BBMaeTCR BBepx, a SaTeM OTKD1:{YBaeTCS Basap; nop; yr-
JlOM 75°. nJlaamaiioa 15, pacnOJlOmeBBaS B napoBoi KaMepe, CJIyHCBT AJIR DSMeBe-
.BUR nOJlOmeBBJI sepx1Iei nOJlY
OpMY no BUCOTe. B Ka7RJI}'D napOBYIO KaMepy
2.97
11
12
26
26
6
Q;J
*$*
$ **
J
a
PBC. 11.7. GlopMaTOP-
G - B" cuepel1u; 6 - ubuepAm.dt paapea; 1- CTaHBHa; S, 16 - Me%aHBSM BloIrpYSKu BYJlK8BRSOB8IIIIIoIX uOl<plolll1eBl
GOplol, perymlpytOunte 'l'eMUepaTypY B uapoBblx KllJllepaX U peI'lfCTpllpytOunte-JJ;aBneRIJe B Jluafjlpanraxl , - asa
I' - lIeUIIIIBM aarpysKR cwplolX DOKplolUleK; 11 - Jly6pBJ(aTOp CBCTeMlol CMaaKB; IS - BepXllJfIl TPU8PCA; 1'-
8J1eItTPOJUIID'a'l'ema; 19 - pomarasr; so - CBCTeMa DOJJ;a'IB TellJlOHOCRTeJlelt; 21 - peJl}'ll'1'OP up_al 111-
uymaT yupaBJleHU; 1$ - lIa80
Y CTpOHCTBO :WoPMaTOpa-BYJIRaBll3aTOpa THDa «OeI'-O-MaTBK)) npeACTaBJleBO
Ba pllC. 11.7. Ha CTaBBBe 1 YCTa&OBJleBY OCBOBBhIe ySJlhI
opMaTOpa-B1J1KaBIISa-
Topa: napOBHe KaMepH 19, B KOTOphIX ocym;ecTBJlReTCR BYJlKaBIISaI(HR nOKpHIlIeK;
MeXa&DSM P;J1R sarpyaKII nOKpLDIleK 10; MexaHIISM ynpaBJIeBIIR p;lIa
parMaMD 23;
MeXaBJIISM OTpYBa BYJlKaBJIISOBa&IIIaIX nOKpymeK OT BDmBDX nOJly
opM 4; MexaBB-
lIecKd npllBOp; 21; MeXa&IISM yp;aJleBBJI BYJlKaHDSOBaBBhIX nOKphImeK 2; TpaBepca
12, BOCnpBBBMaIOJD;aR pacnoplllale YCB.JIDR; rllApaBJlDlIeCKaR CllCTeMa 3, ynpaBJlR-
IOJD;aR nOAallei paoolleD: 1KD1:{KOCTD. B MexaBIISM ynpaBJleBIIR p;lIa
parMoi; CIlCTeMa
20, nop;alOm;aR TenJlOBOCIITeJlD B p;lIa
parMY B napOBye KaMephI; KOMaBABHD: npD-
396
BMOBTDpOBaBa peSBBOBaR Alla
parMa, BHYTpeHHRR nOJlOCTb ROTOpOB repMeTDS:R-
PyeTcR SamllMHYMJI p;IICKaMH. HllmBlli P;DCK p;lIa
parMhI SaKpenJleH Ba OJlOKe rOJlo-
BKR I(eBTpaJlLBOrO MeXaHHSMa 2a, npll nOMOm;1I KOTOpOrO OCyII{eCTBJlReTCR ynpaBJle-
BRe p;Da
parMoi no BhICOTe; BepXBDD:p;IICK SaKpenJlReTCR Ba mTOKe aToro MexaHIISMa.
npll nepesapJlAKe, Korp;a napOBaR KaMepa OTKpma, I(eBTpaJlbHhIi yseJl npll no-
MOm;B I(RJlBBApa 22 II CIICTeMY pH1IarOB 4 nop;BIIMaeTCR BBepx; npll aTOM HHmHD
DIICK, onDpuom,dcR Ba BllmBIIB 60pT nOKpymKII, OTpYBaeT nOKpHIlIKY OT Hllm-
BeD: lIaCTB npecc-
opMhI B y&J1eKaeT ee BBepx, O'1'Ky));a OBa plAaraMII copaChlBaeTCJI
Ba pOJlbraBr. Mexa&B1IeCKD npllBOp; COCTODT liS KpllBomllnBJ>tx KOJleC II maTyaoB,
npIlBOp;BMldX B )J;BllmeBlle OT aJleKTpop;BllraTeJlJl18, II cJlymDT P;J1R nOA.LeMall OTBop;a
TpaBepChI Basa.u;.
,1].J1R BYJlKaBIISaI(1I11 rpysoBhIX nOKpymeK lIaID;e BC8ro npllMeHRIOTCR
opMa-
TOPhI-BYJlKaBIIsaTophI 55" THna «oer-o-MaTIIK)). npHBI(lInllaJlLHO OBJII MaJlO OT.1JD-
1I91OTCR OT
opMaTopoB-BYJlKaBIIsaTopoB 40" aToro TDna.
o'pMaTop-BYJlKaBIIsaTop 75" TIlDa «oer-O-MaTIIK) IISrOTaBJlIIBaeTCR OAHO-
OpMOBYM. B CBRSH C aTIIM OB OTJlHlIaeTCR no KOBCTPYKI(BII. CTaHBBa He D.MeeT
BanpaBJlRIOm;IIX m;eK, OBD saMeBeBhI onpOKllp;YBalOJD;IIMIICR CTOD:KaMII. POJlIIKH,
CBBSaBBhIe C TpaBepCOB, npll nOp;'LeMe TpaBepChI BBepx KaTRTCJI B nasax CToeK,
sap;aBaR TpaBepce BepTDKaJlLBOe BanpaBJleBlle. nOp;'LeM D onYCKaBHe TpaBepChI
npOIlSBOAIITCR 01:{BDM npIlB01:{OM, a onpOKllp;YBaBlle - p;pyrIlM.
PaOOTa BYD8llJl3aTOpoB TIlDa «Oer-o-MaTBR). Pa60Ta BYJlKaBHsaTopoB
TJlDa «oer-o-MaTIIK)) npollsBoP;IITCR B CJleAYIOm;ei nOCJlep;OBaTeJlbBOCTD: 1) sarpysK&
nOKphImeK, 2)
opMoBaHlle nOKpYWeK, 3) BYJlKaBIISaI(BR, 4) ByeMKa 1:{lIa
parMbI
R CBRTue nOKpYmKII.
3 a r p y S K a ChIp hI X n 0 K P Y W e K B
0 P MaT 0 p J>t - B Y JI K a-
B II 8 a TOp hI. 3arpYSKa ChIphIX nOKpymeK B BYJlKaBDSaI(1I0HBYe annapaThI AO
CIIX nop em;e Be aBTOMaTIISllpOBaHa nOJlBOCTblO B OCTaeTCR OP;BOD: HS BaHOOJIee
Tpyp;oeMKIIX OnepaI(DD:. ,l(J1R pemeBIIR npOOJleMY sarpYSKII
opMaTopOB-BYJlKaHII-
. saTopOB COSAaBO BeCKOJlLKO KOBCTPYKI(IIB MeXa&RSMOB, B Toi IIJ111 IIBoi CTeneHII
OOJlerqalOm;IIX aTY TlImeJlYIO onepaI(lIlO. no npBBI(BDY p;eD:CTBBR aTB MexaHHSMhI
OYBalOT C npBBYP;DTeJlLHOi nocap;Koi nOKphIWKII Ba p;lIa
parMY II C nocap;Koi
CBOOO1:{BJ>tM nap;eBlleM. no npBB
ny saXBaTa nOKpHIlIKII MexaHBSMhI OYBalOT
C saXBaTOM no p;lIaMeTpy ooop;a Bpacnop II no BapymHoMy p;lIaMeTpy npOTeKTopa.
Ha pllC. 11.8 nOKasa&o sarpys01lB0e YCTPOBCTBO
opMaTopa-BYJlKaBIIsa-
Topa 55". ChIpye nOKpHIlIKII nOp;alOTClI liS I(exa COOpKH TpaBcnopmoi CIICTeMOB.
.Y
opMaT
pa-BYJlKaBIIsaTopa YCTaBOBJleB I(DJlD.HAP 1, B KOTOpYi BPY1IByro YCTa-
BaBJlIIBaeTeR nOKpHIlIKa 2, CBRTaJl C TpaHcnOpTHOD: CllCTeMJ>t. naTpoH a saX01:{IIT
BByTPL nOKpHIlIKJII II, paSmllMaRCb, SaXBaTYBaeT ee sa oopTa. naTpoB a COCTOIlT
liS lIeTypeX DJlII meCTII J10nacTei 4, cmllMaeMYX npymllBaMB 5 B pasmllMaeMYX
cmaThIM BOS)J;YXOM, nop;aBaeMYM B I(1IJ1I1Bp;p 6 nop; p;aBJleHlleM 0,7 Mna. RpOBmTeBH
7, K KOTOpOMY npllKpenJleH naTpOB a, nOp;BIIMaeTCR BBepx no KOJIOBKe 8, npllKpen-
J1eBBOD: K CTaaBBe
opMaTopa-BYJlKaBDSaTopa. llOA'LeM B onYCKaHlle KpoBmTeiiHa
C naTpOBOM npollsBOP;DTClI aJleKTpOp;BHraTeJleM 9 lIepes pep;YKTop 10 npD nOMO
1I
Tpoca IIJ1B I(enD 11. nOABRThID: BBepx KpOHmTeD:B c naTpoBoM II nOKphImKoB pas-
BOpallHBaeTCR BMeCTe C KOJlOBKOD: 8 II yCTaBaBJIHBaeTCR B I(eBTpe napoBoB KaMephI
Hap; p;B8
parMOB.
nOBOpO'1' KOJlOHKII 8 oCyII{ecTBJllIeTCR CmaThI)1 BOSP;YXOM npll nOMOm;D
HJlIIBp;pa,
cBaomeBBoro syollaToB peiKoB, II meCTepBJII, YKpenJIeHBOi Ba KOJlOHKe. naTpoB,
n01:{BRTYB BBepx II YCTaHOBJleBBYD: BaA p;Da
parMOB, cmllMaeTCJI D. COpaCYBaeT
nOKphImKY Ba p;lIa
parMY. CBOOOP;BO nap;alOm;aR nOKpymKa BaAeBaeTClI Ba p;lIa-
parMY, a naTpOH paSBOpallllBaeTCR B Dcxop;Boe nOJlOmeBlle p;J1R nplleMa cJlep;y-
lOm;eD: nOKpYmK.. npll nOMOm;1I Tex me YCTPOD:CTB naTpOB C nOKphIWKOB MomeT
onYCTIITbCR BHlla II Bap;eTL nOKpYmKY Ba p;Da
parMY. nOCJlep;BIID: cnocoo 60Jlee
BaAemeB, B nOCJle
Bee BpeMR OB nOJl
J1 HallOOJlbmee pacnpOCTpaBeBDe.
.398
9 10
a
<::>
..,.
330
«>
6
PBC. H.8. 3arpY30....oe YCTpoiicTBO K 4fjopMaToPY-BY.1IJ(aBB38.TOPY 55':
a - BII,II CDepeAB; G -... cGoRJI 1 - UBnBBJIP; ,- uOlCplillDta; 8 - ua1'pOB; , - DouaQTB ua'l'POHa; 6-
UDyJKBHbI; 6 - UBeBIIOltBJIlDQUI; 1 - lCpOHlDTeIB; 8 - lCODomca; 9 - eneIl'J'poJIBlII'a!ea; 10 - peJJ;yKTOp;
'I _"'nnt't"
npB ByJlKaBBSaI(BB DOKpwmeK TDDa P SaKJlap;Ka 1:{Ba
parM:Y B DOKpymKY
MOmeT ocym.eCTBJlRTLCR DPB DOMOm;u naTpOBa MeXaBBSMa SarpYSKB. B aTOM cny-
lIae DaTpOB yp;epmBBaeT BepXBBi OOpT nOKpmnKB AO MOMeBTa DOJlBOB SaRJlap;KB
AB8
parMhI B DOJlOCTL nOKpYmKB. Ha pBC. H.9 DOKasaB
opMaTop-BYJlKaHBsaTop
40" C aBTOMaTH1leCKOi sarpysKoB. Hap;
opMaTopoM-BYJlKaHDsaTopoM yCTaBoBJleB
TpaBcDopTep 1 C J10TRaMB. nOKpHIlIKB 2 COpaCI>IBalOTCR C TpaHcDopTepBOB: CB-
CTeMI>I B J10TKB a. npB ABBmeBBB I(eDD TpaHcnopTepa DOKphImKB, DaAaR C J1OTKa,
sap;eBalOTCR sa DaTpOHLI 4 MexaHBSMa sarpYSRB
opMaTopa-BYJlKaBBsaTopa.
naTpoB pasmBMaeTCR B 1:{epmBT nOKpLIDIKY B paCTRBYTOM COCTORBBH, DORa
op-
MaTop-BYJlKaHDsaTOp Be paCRpoeTCR B Be Bl>lrpysBT BYJlKaBBSOBUBl>le DOKpYmKD.
BYJlKaHBSOBaHuaR DOKpl>lmKa 6, CKaTYBaRCL C pOJlLraUra 5 Ha OroOp01lBLIB TpaBC-
nopTep 7, Dop;aeT CBrHaJl Ha DOBOpOT DaTpOBa. 3yollaTaR pe:DKa 2 (pBC. 11.10)
OD'YCKaeTCR BBBS C DopmBeM I(BJlBHp;pa 1 B DOBOpallBBaeT meCTepulO a, CBAJlm.yro
Ba BaJlY 4, K KOTOPOMY
epes pYlIar 5 DpBKpeDJleB DaTpOB. HaK TOJILKO D8TpOH
OCTaHOBBTCR B BHmBeM DOJlOmeBBB CTporo no OCD. AHa
p8rMhI 8, JlODaCTB 6 cmB-
MalOTCR H OCBooomp;eBBaR nOKphImKa 7 Dap;aeT BHBS B Bap;eBaeTCJI Ba p;Ba
parMY.
3arpysRa DpOBSBep;eBa, DaTpOBhI B cmaTOM COCTOJlBDB BOSBpam.aIOTCR BBepx P;J1H
DpDeMa 01lepep;BYX nOKphImeK, DapOBhIe KaMepY saKpbIBaIOTCR, Ba
BaeTCJI
op-
MOBaBBe nOKpHIlIeK. HecMoTpR ua BeKOTOpye Bep;OCTaTKB, sarpys01lBYe MexaHHSMhI
D01:{OOHOrO 'TDDa B HaCTOHm.ee BpeMJI flBJlRIOTCR BaBOOJlee COBepmeBBhIMH. OHD
Be a8HHMalOT AODOJlBBTeJlbBOB DJlOm;a1:{11l B I(exe BYJlKaHBSaI(BB, TaK KaR pas Me-
m;euhl Bap;
opMaTopaMB-:BYJlKaBBsaTopaMB.
BYCOKaR CTeDeHL aBTOMaTBSaI(BB sarpYSKB CBOP;BT pOJlb BYJlRaHBSaTOpm;BRa
K BaOJlIOp;eHmo sa paOOTO:D MexaBBSMOB B SaCTaBJlJleT DpHOeraTL K pyqaOMY TPYAY
TOJILKO B 8BapBiiHhIX CJlyqaHx, KOTophIe 1DI0rp;a DpOBCXOART BCJle1:{cTBBe saBHC8BHH
DOKphImKD Ba BepXBeM OOpTOBOM KOJlLI(e KpeDJleBHR p;B8
parMY. Ho B B aTBX
cJlyqaRx Be OhIBaeT DOp
DOKpymeK BJIB DOJlOMKB MexaBHSMOB, TaK ItaK aBTOMaTH-
lIeCKHe YCTpO:DCTBa Be BKJllOlIalOT MeXaBBSMY P;J1R BhIIlOJlBeHBJI cJlep;yrom;eB: onepa-
I(HB, eCJlB Dpep;YAym.aR Be BhIDOJlBeBa DB BYDOJlHeHa BeDpaBBJlbBO; Bce MeXaHD.SMbl
OCTaU8BJlBBalOTCR B MorYT OhITL saDym;eBhI B paOOTY TOJILKO nocJle yCTpaHeBBR
HeDOJIap;KB.
0 p MOB a H BeD 0 K. P hI m e K. B OTJI
He OT BOSp;ymBYX B lIaKYYMHYX
opMaTopOB, rAe
opMOBaHBe nOKpwmeR ocym;ecTBJlReTCJI sa ClIeT nOp;allH B DO-
J10CTb DOKpYmKD CmaToro BosAyxa BJIB cosp;aBBH BaKYYMa DO BapymHoB DOBepx-
BOCTD, B
opMaTopaX-BYJlKaBB8aTopax DpOI(ecC
OpMOBaIll'lR, RaK ym
OTMellaJlOCb,
DpOBSBOp;BTCR p;Da
parMOB:, B DOJlOCTL KOTOpoi DOAaeTCJI Bac
eHHYii Dap p;a-
BJleHHeM 0,2-0,5 Mna.
B DpOI(eCCe
opMOBaHBJI 01leHL Bamaoe SBalleHBe BMeeT DpaBBJlLBOe paCDO-
J10meHBe ChI poi DOKpHIlIKB OTBOCBTeJlLHO p;Ha
parMhI. nOKpYmKa p;OJlmBa OYTL
CTporo OTI(eHTpBpOBaHa, B npOTDBBOM cJlyqae BOSMomHO oopasoBaBHe p;e
eRToB
B rOTOBO:D DOKpHIlIKe - «YSKBB oopn, «BYDpeOOOBKa DO HOCKY OOpTa», «YBOA
KphIJla» B p;p. noaTOMY Beooxop;BMO CJlep;BTb sa TeM, lITOOY Bce TOllKB BepXBero
oopTa DOKpYmKB DPH
opMOBaBDB B MOMeUT SaKphITHJI Dpecca BaXOp;BJlBCb Ba
op;HBaKOBOM paCCTOJlBHB OT BepXBero samHMBoro KOJlbI(a p;Ba
parMY, T. e. MemAY
BepXHBM P;BCKOM B OOpTOM DOKphImKB KOJlLI(eBOB saaop p;OJlmeH BMeTb BeS1:{e
01:{mlaKOByro mBpBHY.
,l(aBJleHBe
OpMYIOm;ero Dapa peryJlBpyeTcR TaK, lITOOLI K MOMeBTY SaKpYTHH
Dpecca DOKpYmRa OI.IJIa DOJlBOCTblO C
opMOBaBa, DPB aTOM sasop Memp;y BapymBhIM
p;BaMeTpOM nOKpYmKB B BBYTpeBHBM ABaMeTpOt.1 DpeCC-
OpMY p;OJlmeH OYTb
MDBBMaJlbHhIM (5-10 MM). ,l(o MOMeHTa DOP;811H TeDJlOHOCHTeJlJl B nOJlOCTb AHa-
parMY p;aBJleHHe
OpMYIOm;ero Dapa BeooxoAHMO coxpaBBTb B DpeAeJlaX 0,03-
0,05 Mna B I(eJlRX DJlOTHOrO Dop;maTHR p;H8
parMY K BBYTpeBBeB DOBepXBOCTD
DORpymKD.. n pB p;aBJleHBH HBme YRasaBBoro Dpep;eJla p;Ba
parMa sa ClIeT ynpyrBx
CBOBCTB pesBBhI Ha
eT CmD.MaTLCR p;o DepBOBallaJlLBhIX CBOHX pasMepoB, B Memp;y
400
I
c
"
PBC. H.9. cD0pMaTop-BYJJKaBB3aTOp 40. C aBTOMaTlI'JecKOi sarpysKOD: no-
KpYIDeK:
1 - 'l'PaSCDOprep; S - CLJp81l DOKpIiDJRa; a - monbKa (nOTOK); 4 - Da'l'POS; 6 - pom.-
r81lr; 6 - ByJlRallJl80BlUlHa1l DOKpliDJKa, 7 - oT60pO'l1lW1 'l'P81ICDOPftP.
PBC. H.10. Mex8BBSM aBTOMaTlI'JecKOD: sarpY3KB ewpwx DOKpameK B BYJI.
K8BB3aTOp:
1 - llReBMoQOnRJInp; S - sy6qaTall pelKa; a - mecTepSR; , - Ban; 6 - pW'lar; 6 -
ODaCTH na'l'POsa; 7 - ewpan DOltpblmua; 8 - ,,_afjIparMa.
26 3aK!l3 163
'nOKpLnDKOB D 1:{Da
parMOB: oopasyeTcR BosAymHaR nOJlOCTb, lITO MOmeT B npOI(eCCe
»YJlKaHDSa
DD npDBeCTD K OOpaSOBaHDIO 1:{e
eKTOB «(nYSypD)), CpaCCJlOeHDe Kap-
KaCa) D AP. B rOTOBYX nOKpLnDKaX.
HeOOX01:{DMYM YCJlOBDeM npOn;ecca
OpMOBaHDR RBJlReTCR MJIIHlIMaJlbHaR
. paSHBn;a MemAY TeMnepaTYPOB:
opMyrom;ero napa D 1:{Da
parMY. XOJlO1:{BaR 1:{Da-
parMa oOJlee meCTKa D xyme 1:{
OpMDPyeTcR, lITO MomeT npDBeCTD K p;
eKTY
«CKJlap;KD OT P;Da
parM».
,l(J1R Kam1:{OrO paSMepa nOKpymeK OTpaOaTYBaeTCR HaDOOJlee OnTDMaJlLHLIB
'pemDM
opMOBaBDR nYTeM BapLDpOBaBHR 1:{BYX nepeMeHHYX BeJlDlIBB: a) 1:{aBJle-
HDR napa D 0) BpeMeHD ero 1:{eBCTBDR. (]>0pMyrom;DB nap nop;aeTCR B MOMeHT HallaJia
p;BDmeHDR npecca. tJeM HDme onycKaeTcR BepXHRJI nOJly
opMa, TeM B oOJlbmei
CTeneHB
opMyeTcR nOKpLnDKa, D K MOMeHTy SaKpYTBR npecca
opMOBaHDe 1:{OJlmHO
OYTb nOJlHOCTblO aaBepmeHO.
nepBYi MeTOp; perYJlDpOBaHBR npon;ecca
opMOBaHDR nepBOHallaJlbHO OYJI
paSpaOOTaB
UpMOB «MaK-HeiiJI) (CillA). 3Ta npocTeimaR CB(',TeMa npeAYCMaTpD-
BaeT npB Sa1:{aHHOM 1:{aBJleHDJII
opMyrom;ero napa perY
DpOBaHDe npon;ecca no
BpeMeHD.
opMYIOm;DB: nap n01:{aeTCR npD onYCKaHDD BepXUeB: nOJly
opMY D CTpa-
BJlDBaeTCR npD ee OCTaHOBe. TaKDX OCTaHOBOB npecca, DJlD, KaK DX HaSYBaIOT,
«BS1:{OXOB», MomeT OYTb HeCKOJlbKO B saBDCDMOCTD OT paaMepa
opMyeMoi nOKpymKD
D MeTop;a C60pKB. ,l(J1R nOJlY1:{OpHOBYX nOKpYmeK TpeoyeTcR oO
J.me «BSp;OXOB»,
1IeM AJIR nOJlynJlOCKDX, TaK KaK KOJlDlIeCTBO Boap;yxa, OCTaBmerOCR Mem1:{y 1:{Da
par-
MOB D nOKpYmKOB:, OOJlLme B cJlYllae COOpKD Ha nOJlY1:{OpHOBYX oapaoaHax. TaKOB
cDcTeMoB aBTOMaTB1IeCKOrO perYJlDpoBaHDR OOopY1:{OBaHO OOJlbmDHCTBo 4}opMa-
TOPOB-BYJlKaHDaaTopoB Ha OTelleCTBeHHYX mBBHYX SaB01:{ax. 01:{HaKO aTa CDCTeMa
Tpe6yeT cTpororo nOCTORHCTBa 1:{aBJleHDR
OpMyrom;ero napa D TeMDepaTYpY 1:{Da-
.
parM K HallaJlY n;DKJla
opMOBaHHR.
BTOpoi MeTo1:{ aBTOMa
eCKoro perYJlDpoBaHuR npep;ycMaTpDBaeT yCTaHoBKY
perYJlRTopa p;aBJleHDR, KOTOpYi npD 1:{OCTBmeHDD Sa1:{aHHOro p;aBJleHDR aBTOMa-
TDlIeCKD npepYBaeT nop;allY napa. EC
D sap;aHHoe p;aBJleHDe He 1:{OCTDrByTO npD
onpe1:{eJleBHOM nOJlOmeHDD BepXHeB: nOJly
opMY, TO npecc OCTaHaBJlDBaeTCR.
BepXHRJI no
y
opMa nepeMem;aeTCR TOJlbKO B TOM cJlyqae, eCJlB Beooxop;DMoe
p;aBJleHDe 1:{OCTDrHYTO. MeT01:{ perYJlDpOBaHDR no 1:{aBJleHDIO oo
ee COBepmeHeB,
TaK KaK UCKJlIO
aeT BJlDRHDe TeMnepaTypN 1:{Da
parMN, HO D B aTOM cJlyqae He-
BOSMomao op;HOBpeMeHHoe DCnOJlbSOBaHlIe 1:{Ba
parM paSJlDlIHOB: meCTKOCTB.
TpeTDB: MeT01:{ npe1:{YCMaTpDBaeT YCTaHOBKY Ha Kam1:{YIO 1:{Da
parMY MeXUD-
lIeCKoro p;aTlIDKa (m;yna), KOTOpYB: ynpaBJlReT npo
eCCOM
opMOBaHDR no sap;aHBYM
raoapDTaM .
opMyeMoi nOKpymKD. Ha Kam1:{yro 1:{Da
parMY YCTaHaBJlDBaeTCR
KJlanaH n01:{a
D
OpMYIOm;ero napa. 3TOT MeT01:{ HaDOOJlee cOBepmeHeH, TaK KaK
DCKJllOlIaeT BJlDRHDe KaK TeMnepaTYpY 1:{Da
parMY, TaK D meCTKOCTD p;Da
parM.
Op;uaKO OH He nOJlyqDJI mDpOKoro pacnpOCTpaHeHDR Ds-aa CJlOmHOCTH YCTpOBCTBa
CDCTeMY perYJlDpOBaHDR.
Bce CKaaaHHoe 0 npon;ecce
opMOBaHDR OTHOCDTCR K nOKpYmKaM 1:{DarOHaJlb-
HOB KOHCTpYKn;BD. npD
opMOBaHDB Ha
opMaTopax-BYJlKaHDaaTopax pa1:{DaJlbHYX
nOKpYmeK 1:{Da
parMa SaKJlap;YBaeTCR B nOJlOCTb yme C
opMOBaHHOB nOKpLnDKB.
Hp;M npDMeHDTb CmaTYB: BOa1:{Yx KaK
opMyrom;DB afeHT BMeCTO napa He HamJla
npDMeHeHDR. OKBCJleHDe KDCJlOp01:{OM BOS1:{yxa D HeBoaMomHOCTb n01:{OrpeBa 1:{Ba-
parM 1:{0 HeOOXOADMOi TeMnepaTYpY CHDmalOT aKcnJlyaTan;DOHHYIO BYHOCJlDBOCTL
ADa
parM.
B y JI K a B D a a n; D JI. nocJle saBepmeHBR npo
ecca
opMOBaHDR D nOJlHOrO
SaMYKaHHR
OpMY BHYTPb 1:{Da
parMY n01:{aeTCR rpelOm;DB nap nOBYmeHHoro
1:{aBJleHDR D neperpeTaR B01:{a; npecc-
opMa ooorpesaeTcR napOM. npon;ecc
BYJlKaHDsan;DD npOTeKaeT npDMepHO TaKDM me oopaSOM, KaK B B DH1:{DBDp;yaJlJ.HOM
BYJlKaHDsaTope. npon;ecc BYJlKaHDsan;DD ocym;ecTBJlReTCR aBTOMaTDlIeCKD no sa-
1:{aHBOMY pemDMY npD nOMOm;D R3n.
402
B hi e M K a A D a
par M Y D C H R TiD e D 0 K P Y m K D. tJTOOY Da-
BJlellL 1:{Da
parMY DS rOTOBOB: DOKpymKD oes OOJlLmDX YCDJlDii H DOBpemp;eBBi,
DOJlOCTb )J;Da
parMY DOCJle CJlDBa oXJlam1:{alOm;eB: B01:{Y coeADHReTcR C J1DHBeK
BaKYYMa; 1:{Da
parMa cmDMaeTCR D OT1:{eJlReTCR OT DOKpymKD.
7
j
/ '. .....
.
<,
" I
//t
-r
L +
r
\ n,
\,-
_/
.c..t I
.-=-
-=-
-:.=--
-==-
PBC. H.H. MeXaBB3M BLII'pYSKB BYJlK8BBSOB8IIIIUX DOKplIIDIeJC:
1 - nutpoummll,llP; S - MexaHH3M YDPaBneJDIll JIHafjlpaI'Molt; 8,6, 6. 9, 14, 16, SI, S2. 28, 27 - pW'larH;
, - BIUI C ODOPIIWIIH DOJJ;DlBDHBKallB; 7 - lDTaHra; 8 - 'l'POC; 10 -
eKa; 11, IS. 16,19, S6, 28 - OCR; 18,
16, S9 - POJIIIKO; 17 - rHJlpOltllJJJlJlJJ;p; 18 - DopmeHb; SO - IDTOK; S4 - pOJlltraHr; 80 - DOKpNDlKa.
DOKpymRD B DpO
e('Ce BYJlRaHDSan;DB DpDJlDDalOT R DpeCC-
OpMe, D
)J;J1.1i1 DX ByeMRD TpeOYIOTCR OOJlbmDe YCDJlDR. DpDMeHeHDe paSJlB'lBYX CMaaOR
)J;J1R
OpM D DORpYmeR YMeHbmaeT Cn;eDJleHDe peSDHY C MeTaJlJlOM, HO DOJl-
BOCTblO Be YCTpaHReT ero. CDJla Cn;eDJleHDR peaDHY C MeTaJlJlOM aaBDCDT OT
xapaRTepa pDCYHRa DpOTeRTopa, lIDCTOTY DOBepXHOCTD
OpMY, TeMDepaTypbl
BYJlKaHDSan;DD D 1:{PyrDx
aRTopOB. no J1DTepaTypHYM 1:{aHHYM, CDJla Cn;eDJleHBR
C rJla1:{Roii DOBepxHocTblO
OpMY COCTaBJlReT 0,1 MDa, a C DOBepXHOCTblO, Ba
ROTOPYIO HaHeceH DpoTeRTOpHYB: PDCYHOR, - 0,15 Mna. ECJlD OY OTpYB DORpLnDRD
OT
OpMY DpODCXOP;DJI 01:{HOBpeMeHHO DO Bceii DJlOm;a1:{D CODpDROCHOBeHDR, TO
)J;JIR DpeO)J;OJleHDR CDJlY Cn;eDJleHDR rpysoBoii DORpymRD Cpe1:{HerO pasMepa C Dpecc-
opMoii DOTpeOOBaJlOCb OY YCDJlDe 0,1-0,15 MH. Ho TaR RaR DORpymRa DMeeT
cpaBHDTeJlbHO OOJlbmylO aJlaCTD1IBOCTb D CDOCOOHOCTb 1:{e
Op)(DpOBaTbCR, TO OTpYB
. 4
JlpOBCX01:{DT DOCTeDeBBO, DPD SHa1JJlTeJlJ.BO MeHLmDX YCDJlBJlX. 01:{BaKO OTOpBaTL
OT
OpMH DOKpLnDKY
ame CaMOrO MaJlOrO paSMepa BpyqHyro oes DpHMeHeHBR
DpJIICDOC06J1eHBJI HeBOSMOmHO. ,l(J1R 9TOrO DMelOTCR CDe
aJlLHLle MeXaBJI8MH.
¥CTpOiCTBO MeXaHDSMa ByrpYSKD BYJlKaHDSOBaHHYX DOKpLUDeK DS topMa-
Topa-BYJlKa
B8aTopa 55" DOKasaHO Ha pDC. 11.11. MexaHDsM OTpYBa DOKpLUDKJII
OT HDmHeii DOJlY
OpMH COCTODT DS n;BJlDH}:{pa 1, pYlIarOB a, 5, 6, BaJia JII D0J:PIIBD-
BBKOB 4.
no OKOHlIaHDD DpOn;ecca BYJlKaHBSan;DB DapOBye KaMepY paCKpYBaIOTCR AJIR
JIepeaapR}:{KB. nOKpLDIlKa ao Haxop;DTCR B HDmueii DOJly
opMe B SaHBMaeT DOJlO-
jf(eHBe I. 'booy BSBJlellL ee DS
OpMY D YAaJlDTL DB
opMaTopa-BYJlKaBB8aTOpa,
;B IUlJI
p 1 D01:{aeTCR mD1:{KOCTL. n pH aTOM pYlIar a D01:{HHMaeT BBepx ldexaHBSM
:YDpaBJIeHBR 1:{Ba
parMoi 22. PYlIar a DepeMem;aeTCJI B DOJlOmeBBe II, OTpYBaeT
<DOKpIdJIlKY OT HBmBei DOJlY
OpMY D D01:{HDMaeT ee p;o DOJlOmeHJIIR II. PH1Iar a
!B DOJlOmeHDD II OCTaBaBJlBBaeTCR. B aTO BpeM1l D01:{aeTCR mD1:{KOCTL B n;DJlDH1:{p 17,
.KOTOpYii DpDB01:{DT B ,tteiiCTBDe pH1lamHYIO CDCTeMY. PYlIar 15, DOBOpa1JJlBaRCL
IHa OCJllll, D01:{B01:{11lT pOJlDK 26 BOJX DOKPLUDKY B DOJlOmeHBe 11.
PH1IamaaR CDCTeMa B D01:{BBMaeTCR BBepx, B pYlIarD 9 DOP;BOP;RT mTaHry 7
'DO)); DOKpYmKy B DOJlOmeBBe II. B 9TOT MOMeHT DOp;alla mD1:{KO
TB B I(DJlBB1:{p 17
. npeKpaJD;aeTCR, pH1lamBlie CJIICTeMH A D B OCTaHaBJlDBaIOTCR. ,l(J1J1 YAaJleHDR
a
parMH DS DOKpWDmJII DpOIlSBOPTCR DepeKJllOlIeHDe D01:{allD mll)J;KOCTB B oopaT-
Hyro CTOPOHY I(BJIlIB)J;pa 1 B oABoBpeMeHHo D01:{aeTCR mBp;KOCTD DOP; DopmeBL
mTOKa MexaHDSMa YDpaBJleBBJI 1:{
a
parMoii. PH1Iar a BOSBpam;aeTCR B DCX01:{Hoe
,DOJlOmeHBe I, BYTRrDBaeT 1:{Ba
parMY DS DOKpYmKD BHDS, a mTOK MexaUDSMa
YDpaBJleBBJI p;Da
parMoi BHTJlrJilBaeT 1:{Da
parMY BBepx. nOKpldJIlKa DPD aTOM
,-ODDpaeTCR sa mTaHry 7 B pomum 26. .
HSBJlelleHHM DS DOKpLUDKB 1:{Ba
parMa D01:{ BaKYYMOM cmllMaeTCJI JII, ODY-
,cKaRCL BHDS, BYX01:{BT DS DOKpHIlIKD. KaK TOJILKO pYlIar a p;oii}:{eT ));0 Dsa B OCTa-
,BOBBTCR, B I(DJlBB1:{p 17 CBOBa D01:{aeTCR 1KD1:{KOCTL JII ooe pH1lamm.Ie CBCTeMW DpJII-
X01:{RT B ,tteiicTBlle. Korp;a DopmeHL 18
J1BB1:{pa 17 oYAeT HaXOpTLCH B BDmaeM
.,J(pabeM DOJlOmeBBD, pOJlJIIK 26 JII mTura 7 saiiMYT DOJlOmeBBJI III.
nOKpLUDKa, Oy));yqD BaKJlOHeHa, CKaTYBaeTCR DO pOJlBKaM 26 D 1a Ha POJlJ.-
rur 24, C KOToporo DODap;aeT Ba OToop01lByii TpaHCDoprep. 'booy DOKpHJDKa oc-
TaBaJlaCL B HDmHeii DOJly
opMe, BBorp;a paS'LeM Dpec
opM 1:{eJlaeTCR Ba 10-12 MIl
.BHIlIe cpep;Heii J1BBBB npO
B.JIR. TaRDM oopasoM, HDmUR nOJly
opMa BMeeT BYCOry
Ba 20-24 MM 06J1LmylO, lIeM BepXBRJI. CJlep;OBaTeJlJ.Ho, CBJIa CI(eDJleBJIIR BepxHei
DOJlY
OpMY C DOKpWDmOi HaMHOrO MeHLme,
eM C BB1KBeii.
BsaDMo,tteicTBDe Mem));y MeXaBJIISMOM OTpYBa DOKpLnDKD D MeXaHBS.MOM YlIa-
.JIeBBJI ee DS
opMaTopa-BYJlKaBDSaTopa DOAAepmBBaeTCR cpe1:{CTBaMB aBTOMaTBKD,
J)es DpBMeHeBBJI pyqaoro TpYAa.
11.3.3.2. lDopMaTopbI-BYJlKaHHSaTopbI THna "aBTolfJopM"
opMaTOpY-BYJlKaHDSaTOpy TBDa «aBTO
OpJD CKOHCTPYBpOBalllal TaKme C yqe-
'TOM DCDOJlLSOBUJIIR peSDHOBoii ,ttDa
parMY. 31:{eCL 1:{Da
parMa Be BY1:{BDraeTCR
.BBepx, KaK Y
opMaTopOB-BYJlKaHDSaTopOB TDDa «oer-O-MaTBlC), a YODpaeTCR
.BHDS, B CDe
aJlJ.lllali I(DJlBBP;p, BMOHTDPOBUHYii B cTaHBHY. KOBCTPYKI(JIIR Ma-
.mBBY DpJII 9TOM YDpOm;aeTCR. B mBBHoii npOMYDIJleHHOCTJII KaDBTaJlDCTJI1IeCKDX
CTpU topMaTOpY-BYJlKaHDSaTOpY TBDa «aBTO
OpJD DpllMeBJllOTCR BapaBHe C Ma-
mBBaMD TBDa «oer-O-MaTBK..
AHrJldcKM
BpMa «,l(. BPD1:{)K) DSrOTaBJlBBaeT DO JlJllI(eHSBJII
DpMW «Heii-
meHeJl Pa60ep MamBBepm (CillA)
opMaTOpY-BYJlKaHDSaTOpY «aBTO
OpJD CJle-
.AYIOm;DX TDDopasMepoB: 40,5/230; 40,5/300; 46/385; 57/675; 75/475.
nepBye oopasI(Y
opMaTopoB-BynKaBJIISaTOpOB «aBTO
OpJD DSrOTaBJlBBaJlJIICL
.C. TpaBepcoii, DOJXBIIMalOm;eiicR no BepTBKaJID, oes OTBop;a HaS8A. ¥ COBpeMeBBYX
-404
'Mo)\eJlei 8TOT Be)\OCT8TOK YCTp8BeB, R BepXBJIJI Tp8BepC8 OTKJIOBJleTCJI B8S8l(,
'qTO )\8J10 B03MOmBOCTL MeX8BR3BpOB8TL S8rpYSKY B BLlrpYSKY DOKpLIDIeK.
npeBMy
ecTB8 y6Bp81O
eiiCJI
B8c11P8rMLI COCTOJIT B CJle
yIO
eM: MUDRaM
ynp8BJleBBJI npOll\e; Be Tpe6yIOTCJI ynJlOTBeBBJI, Be06xo
MLle npB p860Te B cpe
e
neperpeToii BO)\LI; MeXaBB3M pa60TaeT OT cm8Toro B03
YX8, DO
8B8eMoro DO,u
_18BJleBBeM 0,8 Mn8, BMeCTO mB)\KOCTB no
8BJleBBeM 2 Mn8. He
ocT8TOK
.COCTOBT B TOM, qTO y6Bp8to
8J1CJI
B8c11P8rM8 BcnLlTLlB8eT 60Jl!.mRe ,uecllopM8D;BB
B BMeeT MeBLmylO «XO
BMOCTL..
a
d
PDC. 11.t2. f!)oPM8TOP-BYJIKUBa8TOp TIIII8. taBTO!J.oPMt:
a - BlUd.c450KY OTKpNTOrO 4jJopllaTOpa C HanpallmnolltlDlB naaaMB; 6 - BUll. c450KY aaKPNTOro toPllaTOpa: 0
Sanpa:ans101l(1Dm pelKaMB; 1 - 450KoBble ll(eKD CTIUIJfJIIII: S - TPaBepea; 8 - ICYmlca; 4 - pomuar, S - na8;
, - Bepmllll nonyt!lopMa; 1 - 1J0KpNmKa; 8 - pomorlUfl'; 9 - HanpallJllllOlltali pefbca.
Y CTpoiicTBO c1tOpM8TOpoB-BYJlKaHB38TOpoB TBD8 «(8BTOcf»oPM). H8 pBC. 11.12
nOK838B8 cxeM8 4IopMaTop8-BYJlK8BB38TOp8 TBD8 c8BTocllopM& BOBOi KOBCTpyRD;BB.
K8K BB
BO B3 PBCYBK8, OB BMeeT 60JlLmOe CXO
CTBO C BYJlK8BB38TOpOM TBD8 «6er-
0-M8TBK). CT8BBB8 BMeeT 60KoBLIe Banp8BJlJlIO
Be
eKB 1 C 6erOBLIMB
OpOmK8MB
Jl;JlJI pOJlBKOB TpaBepCLI 2. BeroBLIe )\OpOmKB
eK C
eJl8BLI DO
Be60JlLmBM yKJIo-
BOM no OTBOmeBBIO K cIIpoBTY MamBBLI, qTO 06J1erq8eT p860TY DpBBO
8 DpR S8KpLl-
B8BD K8Mep. H8 Tp8Bepce 2 eCTL KYJlBCLI $, K KOTOpLIM npBKpenJleBLI pOJIBKB 4.
K8TJI
BeCJI B n83ax 5
eK 1 (pBC. 11.12, a). npB OTBo
e Tp8BepCLI Jl8S8
KYJlBCLI
YlepmBB810T ee OT npOBOp8qBB8BBJI, 6J18rO)\apJl qeMY BepXBJIJI nOJlYcllopM8 6
.cer
8 B8XO
TCJI B rOpBSOBTaJlLBOM nOJlOmeBBB. nOKpLIDIK8 7 B3 nOJlYcllopMLI 6
nOna)\aeT B8 pOJlLraBr 8, OTKy)\8 OB8 nocTynaeT B8 oT60pOq&Lli KOBBeiiep. K Ta-
KOMY cIIopMaToPY-BYJlK8BB3aToPY npBCTpaBB810TCJI MeX8BB3MLI 38rpY3KB 381'0-
TOBOK DOKpLIDIeK T8KBX me KOBCTPYKD;Bii, K8K 11 )\JlJI «6er-0-M8TBK..
Ha pBC. 11.12, 6 B306p8meH8 CxeM8 T8Koro me cIIopM8ToP8-BYJlK8BB3aTop8,
80 6e3 na30B B ll\eK8X CT8BBBLI B KYJlBC. npB OTBO)\e Tp8BepcLI 2 BepXBJIJI nOJly-
cIIopM8 y)\ep;KBBaeTCJI B ropB30BTaJlLBOM nOJlOmeBBB Banp8BJlJlIO
BMB peiiK8MB 9,
DO KOTOpLiM K8TJlTCJI pOJlBKB, YKpenJleBBLIe B8 TpaBepce.
405
!
8i
U!
ti!
i!
III 811:0 !/
"'-EI'I:(!=10 9 ""'''
.. '" . 0 II:-EI'II: i '" 5 "" 1:1'
111::1 a:="..Q, .
.= I Q,O::
I .,
:I; J:I, II!i!1O::lI:fo r j O....
'"
;!!! 1 C>
:
i2
52
i!1J
J"'::S!ii !:IIS
.
"'0 !:I
H
:';-"' l lQ i OH" s=.
:I! III Q,£:'oS'; III .i......... o
= 0
!iia:8
f
aQ,=lQo!
E
!o
I °B I !i:':
"5I!. i Ii!5
'0'" ii II:IiI ....0 , 111:111:1 BQ,
III II:
"
:II 1:1 . °
;
!.. U;!S , &t
!
o
i
1:1:=
t""Q,
..I:I'S"'''':i :':Q,I'I:': g;
J:I,"=g.ligl
1 f=..
r'ii!I'a.
,., «»:>, ..I».. ....:II 0...=......
- :I! III
.. IQ 0::... fo.... ::E! II 9'=.. 0::.... ".
Otz!
...
....
y CTpOBCTBO
Byx4)opMoBoro 4)OpM8TOP8-BYJlK8BB38TOp8 TBD8 C8BT04)OpM)
nOR8a8S0 B8 pBC. 11.13. H8 CUBBBe 1. YCT8S8BJlBB81OTCJI BBmBBe 060rpeB8TeJlLBLIe
nJlBTIi 2, B8 KOTopLie CT8BJlTCJI BBmBBe CMeBBLIe nOJly4)opMLI 3. BepxBBe nOJlY-
4)0 pM LI4, T8K me K8K B BBmBBe, KpenJlTCJI K 060rpeB8TeJlLBLIM nJlBT8M 5, npBKpen-
JleBBLIM K nJl8Bm8ii68M 6. nJl8Bm8ii6L1 6 COe)\BBeBLI C Tp8Bepcoii 7 BBBT8MB 8
B r8iiK8MB 9. BusTLI 8 npOBOp8qBBalOTCJI B DJl8Sm8ii68X, 8 r8mCB 9 38KpenJleBLI
B TpaBepce BenO)\BBmBO. npOBOp8qBB8J1 BBBTLI 8, nJlaBm8ii6L1 onYCR8IOTCJI BJIB
nO)\BBMaIOTCJI, qTO n03BOJlJleT perYJlBpOB8TL B8TJlr nOJly4)opM npB BX CMLlK8BBB.
npOBOpOT nJl8sm8ii6 npe
OTBp8
8eTCJI mTB4)T8MB 1.0, 38KpenJleBBLIMB B DJlaB-
m8i6ax SenO)\BBmso.
TpaBepc8 7 BMeeT
Be D;8D4)LI 1.1., B8 meiiKB KOTOpLiX B8)\eB8IOTCJI m8TYBLl1.2.
BBYTPB Tp8BepcLI BCTpoesLi MeX8BBSMLI 1.3, BLlT8J1KBB81O
Be
B84)p8rMLI 1.5 B3
DOKpLimeK 1.4. nocTyn8TeJlLBOe )\BBmeBBe MeX8BB3MOB 1.3 npOBCXO)\BT OT nueBM8-
TBqeCKOrO D;BJlBB)\P8 1.6, CBJl38BBOro 'Iepe3 KOpOMLICJlO 1.7.
B CT8SBHe 1 MOBTBPYIOTCJI CMeSBLIe D;BJlBB)\PLl 18, npBBBMalO
Be )\Ba4)p8rMY
DPB B3BJleqeBBB ee B3 DOKpLlmKB. Kam)\liii 4)opMaTop-BYJlKaBB38Top CB86maeTcJI
KOMDJleKTOM CMeHHLlX D;BJlUB)\POB, 06ecneqBBaIO
BX BYJlKaHB38D;BIO DOKpLimeK
c p83J1B11BLlM
1'I8MeTpOM 060)\8. C DOMO
LIO D;BJlBH)\POB 1.8 )\B84)p8rMLI KpeDJlTCJI
K BBmSBM nOJly4)opMaM, BepXSJIJI qaCTL )\Ba4)parMLI OCTaeTCJI CB060AHoii. 38TJlmK8
D;BJlBSAPOB npB yCTaBoBKe )\Ba4)parM npOB3BO)\BTCJI qepBJlqBLlMB pe)\YKTopaMB 23,
pa3Me
eBBLIMB BSB3Y CTaBBHLI. [(aD4)LI 20 KPBBOWBDBLIX KOJleC 21. BCTaBJleBLI
B nO)\mBnBBKB 22 B 19, 38npeCCOBaHHLle B cTaBBHy.
nO)\aqa TenJlosocBTeJleii B )\Ba4)parMLI DPOB3BO)\BTCJI qepe3 D;1IJlUH)\PLl 18,
<CBJl3aSBLle C KOJlJleKTOpaMB nO)\Be)\eHBLIX KOMMyHBKaD;Bii. npoD;ecc BYJlKaBB3aD;BB
DOKpLiIDeK KOSTpoJlBpyeTcJI KOMaB)\SLlM npB60poM no 3a)\aBBOii nporpaMMe.
Y6Bp81O
aJlcJI AJla4)p8rMa yDpO
aeT MexaBB3M BLIrpY3KB BYJlK8BH30BaBSLIX
nOKpLimeK B3 BepxBeii nOJly4)opMLI. Ho )\JlJI aBTOMaTBSaD;1lB BLlrpY3KB Be06xo-
)\BMO, qT06L1 nOKpLlmK8 OT)\eJlJlJlaCL OT BBmseii nOJly4)opMLI B 38)\epmBB8J18CL
B Bepxseii. C 8TOii D;eJlLIO B nOCJleAHBX KOBCTpyKD;1IJlX BCTpaBB810TCJI CDeD;1laJlLHLle
MexaSB3MLI, 38AepmBBalO
e nOKpLlmKY B BepxBeii nOJly4)opMe npB OTKpLiBaBHB
npecca.
11.3.3.3. OJOPMaTOPbI-BY nKaHMSaTOpbI CSesAMacIJparMeHHble
B DOCJle)\Bee BpeMJI pa3pa60TaBLI CneD;1laJlLBLIe 4)opMaTopLl-BYJlK8BB38TOpLI,
pa60TalO
Be 6es npBMeBeSUJI ABa4)parM. B BBX cLlpLie DOKpLImKB 3aKpeDJlJlIOTCJI
no 60PT8M, BBYTpeBBJlJI DOJlOOTL 3anOJlBJleTCJI 4)OpMyIO
BM n8poM, )\aJlee npoD;eccLI
4>opMoBaSBJI B BYJlK8BB38D;BB npoTeK8lOT, KaK B 06L1qsLlX 4>0pM8Topax-BYJlKaBB3a-
Topax.
3a nOCJle)\BBe rO)\LI B CmA B )\pyrBx CTp8B8X 3anaTeBTOB8BO BeCKOJlLKO
)\eCJlTKOB KOBCTpyKD;Bii MexaSB3MOB ynJloTseHBJI nOKpLImKB
JlJI 6e3)\Ba4>p8rMeH-
Boii BYJlKaHB38
.
Y cTpoicTBO R p800T8 Oe3AJ18c1tparMeBBOrO c1tOpM8TOP8-BYJIKaHRS8TOp8. npH
6e3AJ184>parMeBBoii ByJlK8sB3aD;BB TenJlOBOCBTeJlB nO)\8IOTCJI BenOCpe)\CTBeBBo
B nOKpLImKy, )\JlJI qero Be06xo)\BMO nJlOTHO 3amaTL 60pT8 )\0 4>OpMOB8BBJI, nepe)\
nycKoM TenJlOBOCBTeJleii nOBLImeBBoro )\8BJleBBJI. Ha pBC. 11.14 nOK83aB 4)opMa-
Top-ByJlKaBB3aTOp 40", p860T8IOID,Bii 6e3 )\B84>parM. OB BLlDOJlBeB B8 68se )\B84>P8r-
MeBBoro 4)opMaTop8-BYJlKaBB38Topa, BO BMecTO MexaBB3M8 ynp8BJleBBJI )\B84>par-
Moii BCTpoeSLI MexaBBSMLI )\JlJI nJlOTBOrO SamBM8 60pTOB. ,IJ;JlJI 3amBM8 BepXBero
60pu B TpaBepce 1.7 BCTpoeSLI ceKTopBLIe MexaBB3MLI 2 B
p8BJl1A:eCKBe D;U-
JlHB)\PLl 1.6 )\JlJI npBBe)\eHBJI B )\eiiCTBHe ceKTopOB. 3amBM BB;KBero 60pT8 ocy-
eCTBJIJleTCJI ceKTopllldM MexaHB3MOM 5 B rU)\pOD;BJlBBJ(pOM 6, BCTpoeBHLlMB B CTa-
SUHY.
407
060rpeB DOKpLimeK C B8pymBoii CTOpOBLI npOBaBO)\BTCJI B D8pOBLIX K8Mepax
15, BO MomBO npBMeBJlTL B 060rpeB8TeJlLBLIe nJlBTLI BJIB npecc-4JopMLI C n8poBoii
py68mKoii. BepxBBii ceKTopBLlii MexaBBaM (pBC. 11.15) npIlBO)\BTCJI B )\eiiCTBB9
nopmBJlMB 4 II 6 D;1IJlBB
p8 5. CeKTopLI 8 B 9 paaMe
eBLI B q8me 3, OBB CKJla)\LI-
B8IOTCJI B p8a)\BBr8IOTCJI DO KOMaB)\aM, nO)\aBaeMLIM 8BTOM8TlAeCKBM yCTpoii-
CTBOM. HB;KBBii ceKTopBLlii MexaBBaM (pBC. 11.16) COCTOBT B8 TaKBX me CeKTOpOB
PIIC. 11.14. Bea
aWP8r..eBBHii tOPM8TOP-BYJIKaBBa8TOp 40 W :
1 - pua; I - sePXHBIt OOKTOplW1t MeXaBII8M; 8 - DPClIoXpaRJITeJlbHOe yCTpoitCTBO; 4 - lIIHa4/! aJIeJCTpOallTO-
MaTBKB; IS - 8IDIC1iBA OOKTOpH&1lt MeXaHB8M; , - rBllPOI.\BJIIUIlIP HHIICHero OOKTOPBOro MeXaHB8Ma; ,. - CBCTCM8
rBllPaBJJBKB; 8 - McxaHB8M OTpNBB IJOKpl>llJleK OT 8H11CHBX Dony4/!OpM; 9 - PCllTKTOP IJpBBO
a; 10 - CBCTella
1J01la'IB TenJIoRocBTeJlel; 11 - ponbraBr; 11 - BCTPOeRH&1It aJIeKTJloIlBlI1'aTCm.; 13 - perynupyJODIBA MaDaH:
14 - Mexa8B8M BbJl'PY8KB DOKpNmeK; lIS - DapOBIUI KaMepa; 18 - rDJXPol.\BJIBH,llp Bepmero OOKTOpROrO
MexaHBsMa; 11 - TJlasepea.
B D;H:IHB)\pa C nOpmBJlMH, no BO BpeMJI BLirpyaKH BYJlK8BBaOB8BBLIX nOKpIilmeK
)\BBmeTCJI BMeCTe C D;1IJ1DB)\POM 3 )\JlJI OTpLiBa DOKpLImeK OT BD)I>HIIX DOJly4JoPM.
BepxBHii B HllmBIIU ceKTopBLIe
fex8BHaMLl II?H'IOT no meCTL ceKTopOB, Ba
KOTOpLiX TPB 60JlLWnX ceKTopa B TpiI M8J1L1X. Bo BpeMJI CKJla)\LlBaHBJI CHaqSJla
DPIlBO)\JlTCJI B )\enCTBBe MaJlLle ceKTopLl, 8 S8TeM 60m,ume, 8 npB paa)\BBr8BIIB -
Ha060pOT.
Bea,lJ;Ba4)parMeHHLle 4)opMaTopLl-BYJlKaBBa8TopLi paOOT81OT TaK me, KaK ,n )\Ba-
4)parMeBHLle, HO BLlDOJlHJlIOT BeKOTopLie )\ODOJlHBTeJl-Llllde ODepan;lIl1, CBJlaaBHLIe
C samBMOM 60PTOB CblpLiX nOKpLImeK.
BOJlLmOe aBaqeBHe IIMeeT BaJlIABe CHCTeMLI DO)\aqB n8pa BByTPL nOKpLImKH
H y)\aJleHBJI 06p8aYIO
erocJI DPB aTOM KOB)\eBCaTa. npB DO)\aqe napa He06xo)\BMo
408
PIIC. 11.15. BepXlllli ceKTOpllYit MeJ:8B11811 6eapaipanre&Boro !JjOPMaTO,....,aBaBII3aTopa:
1 - DQKpIilDKa; S - BepXIIRIi nonytoPMa; 8 - 'l8ma; 4, II - IJOplDBB; S - I{IIDIIU; , - TPuepca; 8, 9 -
oeKTOP sallCDa Bepmero IiollTa.
/!
PDC. H.t6. HDJRBUii ceKTOpBHB MeXaBB8M 6e8ABa
paI'Me&BOrO WOPWII
TOpa-BYJlKUBaaTOpa:
1 - 'lama; S - oeKTOPlWii MeXa8B8M; 8 -
p.
ua6er8t'L npJlMLIX y)\8POB ero 0 BByTpeSBlO1O DOJlOCTL DOKpLlmKB, 8 KOS)\eSC
T
CJle)\JeI' senpepLiBBO Y)\8J1J1TL, TaK KaK, CKanJlBBaJlCL, OH MOmeT p8SMLlTL peSB-
BOBLlii CJloii, DODaCTL BByTpL KapKaca DOKpLImKB B BLlaB8TL ero p8CCJlOeBBe.
11.3.4. MHorOn03H14HOHHble synKaHH3aTopbl
B Bameii CTpaBe COS)\8SLI B aKcDJlyaTBpYIOTCJI Ha mBBBLIX aaBO)\8X Msoro-
DoaHD;BOBSLIe BYJlKaBBaaTopLi )\JlJI rpyaoBLIx nOKpLimeK, KOTopLie B KOMD
eKCe
,C TeXBOJlOrBqeCKOii TpaBCnOpTBoii CBCTeMoii nO)\aqB CLlpLiX B oT60P8 BYJlKaBBaO-
BaSBLIX DOKpLimeK npe)\CTaBJlJlIOT c060ii aBTOMaTBaBpOBaSBLle JlBHBB.
BLime 6L1J10 nOKaaaso, qTO Ba BceX cy
eCTBYIO
HX TBDOB ByJlKaHBaaI.\BOB-
BOl'O 060pY)\OBaSBJI
pM8TOPLl-BYJlK8HBaaTopLi BaB60Jlee COBepmeBBLI. OABaKO
B ORB Be J1BmeHLI Be)\OCT8TKOB. C
eCTBeHBLIe BeAOCTaTKB 4)OPM8TOPOB-BYJlKaBU-
aaTopOB - 8TO BepaD;BOB8J1LSOe BCDOJlLaOBaHBe yaJloB B MexaHBaMOB BO BpeMeBB,
8 TaKme BX 60JlLm8J1 MeT8J1J10eMKOCTL. ASaJlBaBPYJI p860TY 4)0PM8TOP8-BYJlK8-
SBaaTopa, MomBO yCT8S0BBTL, qTO 66J1LmaJi qaCTL yaJlOB aToro CJlO;KBoro arperaT8
BaXO)\BTCJI B p860Te BeCLM8 BeDpO)\OJlmBTeJlLBOe BpeMH. TaK, DpBBOA, MeX8BJ13MH
aarpYSKB B BLlrpysKB nOKpLImeK, yaJlLI ynp8BJleBBJI AB84)p81'M0ii B BeKOTopLie
)\pyrlle 88 BpeMJI O)\BOrO D;BKJla ByJlKaHBaaD;BB, KOTOpLlii )\J1J1 rpysoBLIX DOKpLIDIeK
COCT8BBJleT 45-80 MBH, S8XO)\JlTCJI B )\eiiCTBBB TOJILKO 1-2 MBH. BO,JII,DlBe
p8cDopBLIe YCBJlBJI, BoaHHK81O
e DPB ByJlK8BBa8D;BB B Dpecc-
pMe, KOTopLie
Depe
alOTCJI OCTOBY M8mBHLI, JlBJlJlIOTCJI npBqBBOii 60JlLmoii MeT8J1J10eMKOCTB
BYJlKQBIISaTopa. KpoMe Toro, Kam)\LIH 4)opM8TOP-BYJlK8SBa8Top a8SUMaeT aHnB-
TeJlLBJIO DpOBaBO)\CTBeBBylO DJlO
a)\L.
B .CBOBY KOBCTPyKD;BB MBorODoaBD;BOBBoro ByJlKasBaaTopa 6L1J10 nOJlOmeBO
p8a)\eJIeHBe oDep8D;1Iii. Bce TeXBOJlOrBqeCKBe onep8D;1lB, Dpe
ecTBYJO
e DpO-
D;eccy BYJlK8HBaaD;BB B cJle)\YIO
He aa BBM, BLlDOJlBJlIOTCJI OABUM arperaTOM-
nepe)\BB;KBLIM nepeaapJl
HKOM, 8 co6CTBeBHO ByJlKaSBa8D;11J1 - )\pyrUM arper8TOM
BYJlKaRBa8TopOM. A TaK KaK npO)\OJlmBTeJlLBOCTL Bcex onep8D;Bii, CBJlS8BBLIX
C DepeaapJl)\KOii, rOp8a)\0 MeSLme DpO)\OJlmBTeJlLHOCTB npOD;ecca BYJlKaBBaaD;HU,
TO BepeaapJl
BK cDoc06es aa O)\BH D;HKJI BYJlK8SBaaD;BB 06CJlymBTL BeCKOJlLKO
ByJlK8BHS8D;110BBLIX aJleMeSTOB ByJlK8BBsaTopa.
lICUOJlLSOBaBBe 68iioBeTBOrO aaTBop8 )\JlJI aaKpLlTBJI npecc-4)opM, BOCllpB-
BBM81O
ero paCDopBLIe YCBJlBJI, AaJlO BoaMO;KBOCTL peSKO COKpaTBTL MeT8J1J10-
eMKOCTIt aToro 060PYAOB8BBJI. MBoroDoaBD;1IoBBLlii BYJlKaBBSaTOp BnM-2-200
(pBC. 11.17) COCTOBT BS nepe)\BB;KBOrO nepea8pJl)\qBK8, OC
eCTBJlJlIO
erO a8-
rpysKY B 4)oPMoB8BBe DOKpLImeK, oTKpLiBaBHe B S8KpLiBaBBe npecc-
pM II BLI-
rpyaKy ByJlKaBBaoB8BBLIx nOKpLimeK B CT8D;110B8pBOro BYJlK8HHa8Top8, BK
IO-
'1alO
ero pJl)\ BYJlK8BBa8D;BOBBLIX 8J1eMeBTOB C )\BYMJI DpeCC-
pJll8MH B8 K8m)\OM.
IIeBYJlK8BBaoB8BBL1e DOKpLImKB C nO)\BeCOK 2 D;enHoro KOBBeiiep8 np. no-
MO
. MeX8BBaMa 7 C6p8cLlBalOTcJI S8 n8TpOBLI a8rpyaOqBOrO YCTpoiicTB8 8, yCTa-
BOBJleBROrO Ba Depea8pJl
BKe 5. nepeaapJl
HK nO)\XOABT K nepBoMY BYJlKaBB-
a8D;11oBBoMY aJleMeBTy, ero KJllOq 6 OTKpLlB8eT 68iioBeTBLIe a8TBopLi BYJlKaSHa8-
I.\BOBBLIX KOTJlOB 1, B KOTOpLiX YCT8BOBJleBLI npecc-4)opMLI.
npB nOBopOTe KJllOqeii rB)\paBJIII1IeCKUMB D;1IJlBB)\paMB 12 oC
eCTBJlJleTCJI
COqJleBeHBe BepXBBX qacTeii D8pOBLIX KOTJlOB C KJllOqaMB. nocJle 8TOro KpBBO-
mBDBO-maTyHSLlii MeX8BBaM npOU3BO)\BT DOA'LeM TpaBepCLI, B8 KOTOpoii CMOBTH-
pOB8BLI KJllOqU, npB aTOM BMeCTe C KJllOqaMB DOABUM81OTCJI BepXBBe q8CTB DapOBLIX
KOTJlOB C BepXBBMB DOJly
pMaMB. ,I:\8J1ee nepeS8pJl
HK nepe)\BBr8eTCJI BJleBO
Ba paCCTOJlBBe, p8BBoe p8CCTOJlBBIO Mem)\y OCJlMB COCe)\BBX BYJlKaBBaaD;1l0BBLIX
aJleMeSTOB.
eHTp8J1LBLIH MexaBBaM OTpLiBaeT BYJlK8BBaOBaBBLie nOKpLUIlKB OT
BB;KBBX DOJly4)opM. OTK8TK8 nepea8pJl
HK8 npOBaBO)\BTCJI C D;eJlLIO OCBOOO;KAeBBJI
DpOCTpaSCTB8 )\JlJI npOBe)\eBBJI onep8D;Bii BLirpyaKB BYJlK8BB30B8IIBLtX B s8rpyaKB
CLlpLiX nOKpLimeK B npecc-
pMLI.
BJlBH)\PLl OTpLiBa nOKpLimeK DOABJlMaIOT
,it
....
-.
"''''
=.
I:(
. !i
"'''
Ii
e",
I:I
/
gJ.
. - I! i
+'"! &1.
1=
:II'
-,
S
II
CoCo
u
I
..1:1
:i;
&i
=0
-1:1
eo II:
IE
Qi
;
f; .
==
'o::!
"'I:I
'"15
I
;
Coil
",t..
,....
!h
",,,,
118
.. hco
Q., J! n
1 1»0.
" ee
!!.."'
... .c::
= ii I Q
= II ..
t: I
I
'; I i I
1:1 ..
::
of'"
i :.:il
!i
M =co5
i
,g.;
== i; I
11:
:: !if
." ..
I J J!
Po. .......
II
-I
II
Iii I
. 'I'
III _I
, I
1'1
Iii
II'
" - -
III -
II,
II I
III I
II
I-I
I'
. , '
" I
II
ByJIKamIaOB8SBLIe DOKpLlmKB Ba SlI;«SHX DOJlycllopM BBepX, B DPB nOMO B MeX8-
BBSM8 Cf5POC8 nOKpLIWKB CKaTLIB810TCJI Ba OT60pOqSLlii JleBT01lBLIii Tp8SCDOpTep,
p8CDOJlOmeSBLlii B HBmBeii q8CTB BYJlKaSBaaD;BOBBLIX aJleMeBTOB.
l
Bull 1/
z
Puc. it .18. Yaen BYJJKa&Ba BOBBoro 9JleMeBTa:
1 - HII1f(J(IUI aCTio KOTna; 2 - BepXIIRR 'IaCTl> KOTna; 8 - 45aAOBeTIIIoII 8aTBOp;\.I4 - BePXIIJIJf 'IaCTl> 1Jpece-
(jIopmr; , - 8B1tIRRR 'lBCTI> npP.CC-cjlopMN; 6 - JleXaRB8M }'IIJ)aBJIeRBR BatpaJ'lllOl; , - JlexaJlll8l1B.
oTJ)loIBa IJOKplo1l11eK 0'1 HBllCBeI IJOny(llOpMN. _
nOMe r p8arpyaKB ByJlKaHHaOBaBHLlX nOKpLImeK D8TpOBLI S8rpYSOqaOr.
yCTpoiicTB8 DOBOP8qllB81OTCJI BOKpyr OCB Ba 180°, onytK81OTCJI BDS B npOBSBO JlT
npBBYWlTeJlLayIO nOC8)\KY CLipLIX nOKpLimeK B8 AJlatp8rMLI, S8TeM, P88BO 8-
413
qHBaJlCb B BCXO,lJ.BOe nOJlOmeBBe, DaTpOBLI s8rpyaqBKa DpBBBMalOT oqepe)\SLIe
DOKpLlmKH. nocJle BoaBpa
eBIIJI B BCXO)\SOe DOJlOmeBBe DepeS8pJl)\qBK ODYCKaeT
BepXBBe qaCTB KOTJlOB C DOJly4>OpM8MB B aaKpLiBaeT 68iioBeTBLIe saTBopLl, DOCJIe
qero BKJllOqaeTCJI KOMaB)\BLlii DpB60p ynpaBJleSBJI DpOD;eCCOM ByJlKaBBS8D;BB. 3aKos-
qBB BeCL D;BKJI nepeaapJl)\KB Dpecc-4>oPM, nepeaapJl
BK DepeMe
aeTCJI K CJleAYIO
e-
MY BYJlKaSBaaD;BoBBoMy 8J1eMeBTY, r)\e DPOBSBO)\JlTCJI Te me ODep8D;BB no Depea8-
pJl)\Ke. ,D;oii)\JI )\0 DOCJle)\BerO BYJlK8BBS8D;BOBBoro aJleMeHT8, nepea8pJlA1IBK BoaBpa-
aeTCJI K DepBOMY, B KOTOpOM npOD;ecc BYJlK8BBaaD;1lB nOKpl>IIIIeK yme SaKOBqeH.
H8 pllC. 11.18 npe)\CT8BJleB DapoBoii KOTeJl C Dpecc-4>oPMoii, D;eSTpaJlLBLIM ya-
J10M YDpaBJleHBJI )\Ba4)parMoii B BLirpyaKoii DOKpLlmKB. [(eBTp8J1LBLlii MeX8SBaM
aB8J10rll'leH D;eSTp8J1LBOMY yaJly 4>oPMaTop8-BYJlK8BHaaTopa TBD8 «6er-O-M8TBK&.
HCDOJlLaOB8BHe MBorODoaHQBOBHLIX BYJlKaBBa8TopOB B cp8BBeBBB C 4>OPMaTo-
P8MB-ByJlKaBHaaTopaMB DOaBOJlJleT DOBliCBTL DpOBaBO
eJlLBOCTL TpYAa B 1,5 paa8,
-CBB3BTL MeTaJlJlOeMKOCTL B 2 - 2,5 paa8, COKpaTBTL DpOBaBOACTBeBBLIe IUIo
aAII
B 1,5-2 paaa, nOBLlCBTL TeIUIOBOii Kn,IJ; B 2 paaa II CBBaBTL pacxOA Dap8 B8
o60rpeB npecc-4)opM.
HBme DpHBeAeBa TeXBBqeCKaJl xap8KTepBCTHK8 MBoronoaBD;BOBBLIX BYJlKaBB-
a8TopOB AJlJI BYJlK8BBaaD;1DI ABarOBaJlLBliX B paAB8J1LBLIX DOKpl>IIIIeK:
BnM-2-100 BITM-2-200 BITM-2-300
,Pa3Mep BYJIRa&H3yellOolX nORpLlJlleR JIerRoBHe OT 200-508 OT 280-508
Ba 060
13"
o 260-508
o 320-508
IIpou3BO
UTeJIbBOCTb, mT/'1 53.3 30 19,63
.quCJlo npecc-eJl0pM
pa60'lux . . . . . . .
pesepBBIfX . . . . . . . . .
MaKCHMaJIbBOe pacnopaoe yCHJIUe Ba
o
BY npecc-eJIOpMY, MH ...
THn npeci:-«Jl0pMH ....
16
4
30
6
34
6
1.15 2 3
ABTOKJIaBBHB: co CMeRBHMH
BKJIa
aMB
DJiUTOBW A B TOR JI a B B H i
B CO'leTaBBll
C 801111HM
Y6opa-
lO
aRCIi
Aua
parMa
fi pOAOJVlCllTeJlbBOCTb nepeSapll
RII
npecc
pM, IrIHB ........
CKOpOCTb nepeMe
eBUII nepe3ap
-
'lllRa, M/MBB . . . .
PaccTOIiBBe Me
y OCRHH napOBHX
Rallep, MM . . .
06
all MO
BOCTb YCTaROBJIeBBIilX
8JIelCTpOABlII'aTeJIeH. RBT . . . . .
fa6apHTBHe pa3MepH C SOBoii 06CJ1Y-
JRBBa&HII, MM
JJBBa..........
DIllpBBa . . . . . .
BHCOTa .........
Macca (68s npecc-
pM), T . ..
'Tun 060rpeBa IIpecc-eJloPM
)\aBJIeBHe, MDa
napa WIll «JIoPMoBuulI . . .
napa
JIII o60rpeaa npecc-«JIopM
Deperperoi BO
H . . . . . . . .
napa AJIB 060rpeBa AHaeJIpanr . .
oXJI
8IO
eii BO
B AuaeJIparMe
cmaTOro B03AYxa AJIB 06rorBa
opecc-4)OPM ........
CJRaTOro B03,1U'xa
JIII OXJIa
e-
BUll DOKpHmeK no
p,aBJIeBHeM
BaKYYM B DOJIOCTH
uaeJIparMH,
MM pT. CT. .... . .
Tn
eBTpaJlbBOrO y3JIa ynpaBJIeBHII
roraeJIpaI'Moi . . . . . . . . . . .
4t'
0.07 -0,2
1
2
1,2-1,6
2
0,5-0,6
5-6
70- 150
2,5
14,0
1200
9,5
32 000
6400
4100
86,7
0,15-0,2
0,8
2
1.2-1.6
2
0.6
70-150
0,15-0,25
0.6
2,5
1.2-1,6
2.5
0,6
5-10
70-150
Hey6lfP.alO
aIlCIi
ua()panra
4
12,5
2000
30,6
55000
7200
6100
189,4
6
13.6
2300
46,3
79 000
8000
7900
320
rJly6BBLI pllCyBKa npOTeKTOpa C08)\aJlII nOTpe6BOCTL B paSpa60TKe BOBOt KOBCT-
PYKD;BB npecc-q,opMLI, TaR B3SLlBaeMoii ceKTOpBOD: (1IJ111, KaK e
e ee Ba8I>1BaIOT,
cerMeBTBoii). DJllpoKoe npRMeBeBBe CIIBTeTUqeCKIIX KayqyKoB B peD;enType DpO-
TeKTopHhIX peSIIB 11 BI>lCOKlle Tpe60BaBIIlI K reOMeTplAeCKOii O)\BOPO)\BOCTB mllB
lIa-sa BoapocmllX CKopOCTeii )\BllmeBlIlI aBTOM0611J1en: TaK)Ke n06Y)\IIJ111 K COa)\aBlllO
ceKTOpBI>IX Dpecc-q,opM.
HaJllAlle meCTKoro 6peKepBoro nOllca B pa)\lIaJlLBOB: nOKpl>lmKe BLl81>1BaeT
3BaqBTeJlLBOe yueJllAeBlle CIIJlI>I OTpl>lBa nOKpWIIKB OT DOBepXBOCTII nOJlycfJopMI>I,
Ba KOTOPYIO BaBeceB PIlCYBOK. BCJle)\CTBlle aToro npll Bl>lrpyaKe nOKpLImKII nocJle
BYJlKaBIIsaD;BB liS npecc-q,opMI>I c )\1I8MeTpaJlLBI>IM paa'LeMOM BospaCTaeT BarpyaKa,
npIlXO)\JI
allClI Ba KamAl>lB aJleMeBT pllcyBKa npOTeKTopa. npll aTOM BOSMomBLI
XapaKTepBLIe )\eq,eKTLI BYJlKaBBa
: Ba)\pI>lBI>I, CKOJlI>I 11 CJlOIICTOCTIt mameK!
Aeq,opM3D;1IJ1 60KOBUBI>I 11 60pTa.
XapaKTepBI>ID: )\eq,eKT DOKpWIIeK - BaAPI>lB aJleMeBTOB pBCYBKa npOTeKTopa
80 OCBOBaBBIO, oc06eBBO paCDpOCTpaBeHBl>lii )\JllI npOTeKTopBoii pe8BHLI lIa CBHTe-
TUqeCKIIX KayqyROB, 11 )\pyrlle Be)\OCTaTKII npaKTlAeCKII IICKJlIOqalOTCJI npll IICDOJlL-
SOBaBIIB ceKTopBLIX npecc-cfJopM. PaaBHBalO
aJlClI mBHopeMOBTBaJl npOMl>lmJleB-
BOCTL JlBJllIeTClI TaKme CepLeSBI>IM nOTpe611TeJleM ceKTopBLIX npecc-q,opM, oco6eBBO
)\JlJI peMOBTa nOKpWIIeK pa
aJlLBOD: KOBCTPYKD;DII.
BOJlLDlHHCTBO aapy6emBLIx q,upM CXO)\JlTClI BO MBeBDII 0 Be06xo)\RMOCTB DPB-
ltleBeBlIlI ceKTOpBI>IX npecc-q,opM B npOBaBO)\CTBe pa)\lIaJlLBI>IX nOKpl>lmeK
JlJI
rpYSOBLIX 8BTOM0611J1eD: C KapKaCOM 11 opeKepOM D8 MeTaJlJlOKOp)\8. qTO me Ka-
CaeTCJI npOIl8BO)\CTBa PaAllaJlLBLIX JlerKOBI>IX DOK, pl>lmeK TO a)\eCL MBeBBJI pac-
XO)\lITClI. qacTL Cne
aJlDCTOB CqUTaeT Be06xo)\RMLIM IICDOJlLaOBaIDIe ceKTopBLIX
Dpecc-q,opM, )\pyrlle DOJlaraIOT, qTO npllMeBeBlle IIX )\JllI JlerKOBI>IX nOKpwmeK
Be 06J1aaTeJlLBO lIa-8a Be60JlLmOD: rJly6BJ11i( pllcyaKa npOTeKTopa. B BaCTOJl
ee
BpeMJI RMeeTCJI 60JlLmOe paaBooopaalle ROBCTpyRD;Bii ceKTopBLIX npecc-cfJopM.
B CB1I8B C IICnOJlLSOBaBBeM ceKTopBLIX npecc-q,opM KOBCTpyR
JI BYJlKaBllaa-
OBBoro o60py
oBaBBJI (q,opMaTopOB-BYJlKaBlla3TopOB) Tpe6yeT BeKOTOpl>lX YCOBep-
meBcTBoBamrii. CyrL KOBCTpyRTIIBBLIX lIaMeBeBllii aaKJllOqaeTCJI B YCTaBOBKe )\onOJl-
BBTeJlbBI>IX yaJlOB, 06eCneqllBalO
X DpllBYABTeJlLBYIO q,IIKcaD;BIO 60pTOB DOKpLimeK.
B BameD: CTpaBe 6LIJla paapa60TaBa ceKTOpBaJl Dpecc-q,opMa, KOTopaJi no-
KaaaB8 Ba pllC. 11.20. __
cJ}0pMa COCTOBT 118 CJle)\ylO
x OCBOBBLIX )\eTaJleD:: OCBOBaBIIJI 1, BOCLMB
ceKTopOB 211 KPLIllIKII 9. Ka
l>ID: ceKTOp COCTOBT 118 ceI'MeBTBoii
eTaJlII 6, T-06paa-
BLlX DOJl08LeB 11, BaKJlOBBOB nJlaBKII 5 11 BKJla)\LImeii PBCYBK8 4, 7. IIOJlOaLJI
11 nOCpe)\CTBOM 60JlTOB 8 meCTKO KpenllTCJI CBIISy K cerMeBTY 6. nJlaBK8 5 npll
IIOMO
60JlTOB 9 COe)\BHeBa C nOJlOaLJlMB 11 11 cerMeBTOM 6. BKJl3)\LIIIm 7 BCTaB-
JlJlIOTClI B cerMeBT 6 II TaKme meCTKO KpenJlTCJI K BeMY.
'YroJl BaKJlOBa KOBTaKTBOD: nOBepXBOCTB B DJIaBKB K BepTBKaJlII BLl6paB
paBBI>IM 12° 11 cooTBeTcTByeT yrJlY BaKJlOBa q,pesepoBaBBoii nOBepXBOCTII A Ba
Kpl>lmKe 9. 'YroJl BaKJlOBa BapY;KBoii nOBepXHOCTD ceKTopOB r COOTBeTcTByeT
yrJlY KOByca B KpLIllIKD 9 11 TaKme paBeB 12°.
K Kpl>lmKe 9 11 OCBOBaBllIO 1 meCTKO npllKpenJleBLI O)\HBaKOBl>le BKJlaALImB 4,
KOTOpl>le BMeCTe C BKJla)\l>ImaMII 7 06paaYlOT pllCyaOK DpOTeKTopa nOKpI>lIDKII.
K OCBOBaBBIO q,OpMI>I 1 RpenllTClI BaDpaBJllIlO
e 10, no KOTOpl>lM DepeMC-
alOTClI DOJl08LJI 11. Kam)\l>Iii cerMeBT q,OPMI>I cBa6meB q,BKcaTopoM. KOPDYC
c)lIKcaTopa 19 KpenBTClI K OCBOBaHlllO 1 11 RMeeT )\Ba COOCBLlX oTBepcTIIlI - npaBoe
(60JlLmoe) 11 JleBOe (MaJlOe). B 8TII OTBepCTIIlI BCTaBJllIeTClI naJleD; 14 C 6YPTBKOM.
Ha npaBl>lii KOBeD; naJlLD;a Ba)\eBaeTClI npymBBa 15. JIeBl>lii KOBeD;, BI>IXO)\iI
uii
qepea MaJlOe OTBepCTlle Kopnyca, COe)\BBeB DJlaBKOD: 12 C nOJlOaLlIMB 11. Kopnyc
q,BKCaTOpa SaKpl>lBaeTCJI KpLImKOD: 16, KOTopall nO)\i-KBMaeT npymllBY K 6YpTIIKY
DaJlLD;a. Ha pBCyBKe nOKaaaBa ceKTOpBaJi Dpecc-q,opMa B MOMeBT, KOr)\a CeKTOpLJ
paa)\BIIByrLI 11 BKJlaALImll nOJlBOCTLIO Bl>lmJlII lIa pBCYBKa npoTeKTopa.
416
3aKpl>lTBe 1)0pMLI OCYJD;eCTBJllIeTCJI ODYCKaBBeM Kpl>lmKB 3 H8 CeKTOpl>l 2.
npB aTOM KOBYC B Kpl>lIDKB 3, Ha)\aBJlBBaJl Ba KOBYC r ceKTopOB, aaCTaBJllIeT
DepeMe aTLCJI DOCJle,l\BBe K D;eBTPY.
B DOJlOmeBIDI, KOr)\a KpLImKa DOJlBOCTLIO oDy eBa, ceKTopLI COMKByrLl B 06-
p8aYIOT aaMKByrl>lii PBCYBOK.
7
----"""
A
J
PBC.: H.20. CeKTOpBaIJ npecc-joplla:
1 - OC/fOBaRJle; S - oeKTOP: 8 - KpYDlKa; 4, '1 - BR.IIBlIHWU; S - HaR.IIORRaJI IIJIaHKa; 8 - cerMeHTi 8, 9 -
Iioll1'loli 10 - HanplUUlJlJO e; 11 - T-oGpaaHUe UOJl08loa; lS - COeJImurrem./faJI IIJIaHRa; 13 - HOPnyC "'Dca-
TOps; 14 - uane C 45YJITBKOM; 1$ - DPYllC/Ulai 18 - Jl'PNmlla.
nO)\ BJlBJlBBeM YCBJlBJI (Dpm<JI8,l\I>IBaeMOro DPB OTKpl>lTIDI DpeCCa), )\eiicTBYIO-
JD;erO Ha DJlaBKB 5, ceKTopLI, CKOJlLaJl DO BaDpaBJlJlIO BM 10, paa)\BBraIOTCJI.
nepeMe eBBe ceKTopOB DPOBCXO)\BT)\O Tex DOP, DOKa 6YPTBK DaJlLD;a 14 Be )\oii,l\eT
)\0 TopD;a MaJlOrO OTBepCTBlI KOpnyC8 I)BKcaTopa. B aTOM DOJlOmeBBB 6YPTBK
BCKJllOqaeT ,l\aJlLBeiimee DepeMeJD;eBBe ceKTopa OT D;eBTpa I)OPMI>I, a DpymBBa,
BamBMall Ba 6YPTBK, 06eCDeqBBaeT B08BpaT ceKTopa B BCXO)\BOe DOJlmneBBe B CJlY-
qae, eCJlB OB 6y)\eT cJlyqaiiBo CMe eB K D;eBTpy. nocJle Toro KaK ceKTopLi paa,l\BB-
Hyrl>l B TpaBepca I)opMaTopa-BYJlKaBBa8Topa BMeCTe C KpLImKoii 3 DO)\BJlTa, ocy-
lII;eCTBJlJleTCJI BLirpyaKa DOKpLlWKH Ba Dpecc-l)opMLI.
27 8aKaa 163 417
DpBBO)\ BKJIIOqaeTClI npB nOMO
B I)pHKD;1IOBBOB Myl)'rl>l. nOKpLlIDKa YCT8BaBJlB-
BaeTClI Ba pOJlBKB B cBepxy DpB;KBMaeTCJI CneD;BaJlLBLlM BorByTI>IM pOJlBKOM"
Barpym8eMLIM nBeBMOD;B
pOM. Pa601lDi BpyqBYIO npB nOMO
B Bom8, JlMelO-
m;ero I)OPMY «JlaCTOqKBHOrO XBOCTa», 06pe3aeT 3ayceBD;1>I B Bl>lnpeCCOBKB. CT8BOK
cBa6maeTClI nBeBMOBLlTaJlKBB8TeJleM nOKpLIDIeK nocJle 06pe3alUlJI. CTaBoK BLInyc-
'KaeTCJI )\BYX pa3ltlepoB: OT 5,60-15 )\0 9,00-16 )\J1J1 J1erKOBI>IX nOKpLlIDeK II OT
9,00-16 )\0 12,00-38 )\JlJI rpY30BLlX nOKpLImeK.
CT8BOK ADJI 8BTOM8TuqecKOI'0 06pea8BBJ1. ::hoT CTaBOK YCTpoeB aBaJlOrlABO
<ODBcaBBOMY Bl>lme, BO 06pe3aBBe npOB3BO)\BTCJI DYTeM aBTOMaTlAeCKOrO DpB;KBMa-
BBJI Bomeii KaCaTeJlLBO K nOBepxaocTB nOKpLImKB. HomB ynpyro npBmBMalOTCJI
DBeBMaTJl1leCKIIMB D;BJlBH)\paMB. nocJle BeCKOJlLKBX 060pOTOB nOKpLImKB BomB
OTXO)\JlT, B nOKpl>lmKa BLITaJlKBBaeTCJI.
11.4.8. 06oPYAOBaHHe AnH KOHTponH
KaLleCTBa nOKpblweK
CTaBKB )\JlJI OCMOTpa (paa6paKOBKB) rOTOBLIX nOKpLImeK BLlnycK810TClI )\BYX
BH)J.OB: 1) CTaBOK )\JllI OCMOTpa JlerKOBI>IX nOKpl>lmeK pa3MepOM OT 5,60-16 )\0
9,00-16; 2) CTaBOI{ )\JllI OCMOTpa rpY30BI>IX nOKpl>lmeK pa3ltiepOM OT 9,00-16 )\0
12,00-38.
CT8BOK ADJI OCM0Tp8 DOBepxHocTei Jlel'KOBLIX DOKpwmeK. Ha CTaBBBe MGBTB-
PYIOTClI pOJlBKII, cJlym
He )\JlJI yCTaBOBKB II Bpa
eBHJI nOKpLlIDKB, nOJlOmeBHe
pOJlBKOB 06YC.IloBJlBBaeTcJI pa3MepOM nOKpLImKB B B3MeBJleTCJI npH nOMO
B DBeB-
1II0Il;BJlBB)\pa. CneD;BaJlLBI>IMH pl>lqaraMB paCTJlrBBalOTCJI 60pTa DOKpLImKB B npo-
B3BO)\BTCJI OCMOTp BByTpeBBeii DOBepXBOCTB C nOMO
LIO 3epKaJla. 'YnpaBJleBBe
pLlqaraMB ocym;ecTBJlJleTCJI DBeBMOCHCTeMoii. Pa60qee )\aBJleBBe B03)\yxa 0,7 Mna.
ra6apIITI>I CTaBKa: AJlBBa 1418 MM, mBpBBa 578 MM, BI>ICOTa 1160 MM, MaCC8
367 Kr. 3J1eKTpo.n;BBraTeJlL AO-32-4 MO
BOCTLIO 1 KBT, pe)\yRTOp PQH-10o-19-1.
CT8BOK )\JlJI OCMOTp8 I'PY30BLlX 8BTODOKpLimeK. no npBBD;Bny )\eiiCTBBJI CTaBOK
aBaJlOrBqeH cTaBKy )\JlJI OCMOTpa JlerKOBI>IX nOKpLImeK. 'YDpaBJleBBe pa60Toii Bcex
Y3J10B CTaBKa ocy
ecTBJlJleTCJI npB nOMO
B nYJlLTa ynpaBJleBBJI. Pa60qee )\aBJle-
HBe B CBCTel\le )\OJlmBO 6LITL 0,7 Mna. 3epKaJlo cJlymBT )\JllI OCMOTpa BHyrpemei
nOBepXBOCTB nOKpl>lmKB. ra6apBTI>I CTaBKa: )\JlBBa. 2610 MM, mBpBBa 1100 MM,
BLICOTa 2700 MM, Macca 1188 Kr. 3J1eKTpO)\BBraTeJlL AO-32-4, qaCTOT8 Bp
eBBlI
1410 06/MBB, 1\10
BOCTL 1 KBT; pep;yRTOp PQH-10o-19-1. '
1':4.4. 6anaHcHpoBoLlHbie CTaHKH
B D;eJlJlx CBBmeBBlI BB6paD;BB aBTOM06H.ilJl DpB BLICOKBX CKOpOCTJlX )\BHmeBBJI
He06xo)\BMO DPOBO)\BTL 6aJlaBcBpoBKY nOKpLImeK. BaJlaHCBpOBOqBLlii CTaHOK
Dpe.n;CTaBJlJleT c060ii CTaBHBY C pOJlLraBrOl\f n nBeBMaTBqeCKB )\eiicTBYIO
BM pa3-
JJ.BBi«BLlM naTpOHOM, YCTaHOBJleBBLIM B D;eB1'pe KpyrJloii DJlBTLI. nJlBTa C1'poro DO
D;eBTpy ODBpaeTCJI CBOBM nOAmBDBBKOM Ba CTaJlLHOH mapBK 11 BMeeT B03MOiltHOCTL
CB060)\BO KaqaTLCJI (HaKJlOBlITLCJI B JlI060M l\IeCTe DO oKpymBOCTJI). Ha npOTBBO-
nOJlOmHLIX KOBD;ax aToii DJlBTLI YCTaBOBJleBLI npOTHBOBeCLI, O)\BR B3 KOTOpLiX
HMeeT CTepmeBL, nOMe
eHBLlii B II;BJIBH)\P C MaCJIOl\l. flJIBTa CJia6il\eHa <l>HKcaTopOM,
npB DOMO
H KOToporo OHa 3aKpenJlJleTCJI. no D;CHTpy nJlRTM, BHYTpn naTpOBa,
YCTaBOBJleHa KpyrJlaJl mKaJla C KOBD;eBTpBqeCKHMH )\eJleHHJlMB. IIo)\ IUKaJloii
yCTaBOBJleB iRB)\KOCTBOii YPOBeHL. BCJI YCTaBOIlI{a aaKpenJlena lIa CTaHilHC. no-
KpLIDIRa D01\le
aeTClI Ba naTpOHe, B eCJlB OBa HMeeT )\Bc6aJlaHC, TO nJlBTa OTKJIO-
HlIeTClI OT ropH30BTaJlLBOrO DOJlO>I{eBnJl. BeJlBqBHa OTKJlOHeHHJI OTMeqaeTCJI
Dyal>lpLKoM Ha mKaJle YPOBBII. TaKBe CTaHKB H3rOTaBJlBBalOTCJI )\.IlJl JlerKOBLIX
110KpLimeK C 060)\OM )\BaMeTpOM OT 12)\016" (305-405 1\IM) H rpY30BbIX nOKpLImeK
27. 419
11.6. BCnOMOrATEnbHOE 060PYAOBAHHE
11.5.1. YCTaHoBKa Anfl qHCTKH
OPM
nocJle B3BJleqeBHlI BYJlKaBB30BaBBoii nOKpLlmKB B npecc-.popMe OCTalOTClI
MeJlKBe qaCTBII;I>I pa3J1JI1IBOrO npOBCXOm)\eBBlI: OCTaTKB CMa3KB .poPMI>I, KYCOqKB
BYJlKaBB30BaBBoii pe3BHI>I, OTopBaBmBeClI OT DOKpl>lmKB, DeCOK B )\pyrBe cJlyqaii-
HLie 3arpJl3BeHBJI, DODaBmBe Ba nOBepXBOCTL cl>lpon nOKpl>lmKB npB TpaBcnop-
TBpOBaBBB. npB BYJlKaBB3aD;BB DOKpLimeK npecc-.popMLI BarpeBalOTClI )\0 150-
165°C. qacTBD;1>I pe3BBI>I, nO)\BeprallCL MBoroKpaTBoii BYJlKaBB3aD;JIB, npeBpa-
alOTClI B TBep)\ylO Maccy, B KOTOpoii BMelOTClI BKJllOqeBBlI nl>lJlB B MBBepaJlLBI>IX
BJIB rJlBHOSeMHI>IX CMa30K. Bce aTO nOCTeDeBBO OTKJla)\I>IBaeTClI Ba nOBepXBOCTB
npecc-.popMLI B npeBpa
aeTClI B TBep)\LID: CnJlOmBOD: nOKpOB, C KOTOpl>lM peSBBa
nOKpLlmKB BMeeT xopomee CD;eDJleBBe. TaKBM 06pa30M, p;ame DPJl DOJlBJleBBB TOB-
qaiimero CJlOJl npOD;ecc OTJlOmeBBlI qaCTBD; Ba nOBepXBOCTB .pOpMI>I 6L1CTpO nporpec-
cBpyeT, qTO B KOBeqBOM pesyJlLTaTe DPBBO)\BT K 06pa30BaBBIO TOJlCTOrO CJlOJl
Barapa, yxy)\malOJD;ero TeDJlODepe)\aqy OT .pOpMI>I K nOKpLlmKe B cnoc06cTBYIO
ero
npBBapBBaBBIO DOKpLImKB K .popMe. nOKpl>llDRlI, BYJlKaBB30BaBBl>le B rpJl3BLlX
.popMax, npB06peTalOT MaToBYIO DOBepXBOCTL, TeplllOT TOBapBLIii BBp;.
HaB60JlLmee pacnpOCTpaBeBBe Ba mBBBI>IX 3aBO)\aX nOJlyqlIJlB cJlep;YlOlII;1Ie
cnoc06L1 qBCTKB .pOpM: OrBeBOD: (npB nOMOJD;B ra30Boii IIJlB 6eBsBBoBOii rOpeJlKB);
necKocTpyiiBLlD: (Ba CneD;BaJlLBLIX annapaTax MOJlOTLIM MeJIOM BJIB DopomKOM
anaTBTa); MeXaBBqeCKBD: (npB DOMOIIl;1l MeTaJlJllAeCKBX JD;eToK); )\p06eCTpyBBl>lii
(MeJlKBMB CTeKJlJlBHLIMB mapBKaMB, B3MeJII,qeBBOD: KpOmKOD: cKopJlynLI rpeD;Koro
opeX8 BJIB CKOpJlYDI>I KOCTOqKB a6pBKocOB).
OrBeBOD: cDoc06 SaKJllOqaeTClI B TOM, qTO ra30Boii BJIB 6eB3BHOBoii ropeJlKoii
BLImBralOTCJI rOplOqHe Be
eCTBa Barapa, a 06yrJlBBmBeClI B BeroplOque y)\aJlJlIOTCJI
3aTeM MeTaJlJllAeCKOii JD;eTKOii B cTpyeii cmaToro B03)\yxa. O)\BaKO BarpeB .pOpMI>I
)\0 TeMDepaTYPI>l ropeBBlI Barapa OTpBD;aTeJlLBO CKaSI>IBaeTClI Ba COCTOllBBB DO-
BepXBOCTB TOBKBX DepeMLlqeK pBCYBKa DpOTeKTopa. nocJle OqBCTKB OrBeBI>IM
cnoc060M nOBepXBOCTL .pOpMI>I 61>1CTpO nO;P;BepraeTCJI KOpp03BB, qTO cnOC06CTByeT
OTJlOmeBBIO Ba HeD: CJlOll Barapa.
npBMeBeBBe B necKocTpyiiBLIX aDnapaTax CYXBX a6pa3BBOB (MOJlOTLlD: MeJl,
nopomOK anaTHTa B )\p.) BLI3L1BaeT CBJlbBOe DLlJleBlIe, n03TOMY Tpe6yeTclI oco6eBBO
T
aTeJlLBall repMeTBsaD;BlI annapaTOB. B KaqeCTBe a6pa3BBa B )\p06eCTpyHBLIX
YCTaBOBKax BCDOJlL3YlOT MeJlKYIO qyrYBBYIO )\P06L. nOJly.popMa Bpa
aeTClI CO
CKOpOCTLIO 5 06/MBB. CmaTl>lii B03)\YX no)\ )\aBJleBBeM 0,5-0,6 Mna B3 C60PBHK8
nOAaeTClI DO Tpy6aM K CODJlaM. OTCOC B03;p;yxa npOB3BO)\IITClI BeBTBJlJlTOpOM.
,IJ;JlBTeJlLBOCTL D;BKJla qBCTKII O)\BOn nOJly.popMLI 8-10 MIIB.
,Z:(OCToBHCTBaMB TaKoii yCTaHoBKB lIBJllIlOTClI BI>ICOKall DpOB3BOAlITeJlLBOCTL
B Y)\OBJleTBopBTeJlbBoe KaqeCTBO DOBepXBOCTB DOCJle qBCTKB; Be)\OCTaTKOM - TO,
UO .pOPMY BY;KHO CBIIMaTL C BYJlKaHB3aIl;BOBBoro anDapaTa. 3a py6emoM B mBBBOR
npOMl>lmJleBBOCTB nplIMeBJlIOTClI yCTaBoBKB )\JllI rB)\poa6pa3BBBOD: qBCTKB, B KOTO-
pLIX BcnoJlLsyeTcJI CTPYll BO)\LI DO)\ )\aBJleHBeM 1,5-1,6 Mna co BSBemeBBLJMB
B Ben CTeKJllIBBI>IMB mapBKaMB )\BaMeTpOM 0,4-0,6 MM.
CTeKJlJlBHl>le mapBKB, DpB06peTall KBBeTlAeCKYIO aBeprBIO OT CTpyn BO)\I>I,
)\BBmYTClI C 60JlLmoii CKOpOCTLIO B, yp;apllllcL 0 nOBepXBOCTL .pOPMLI, pa3pymalOT
cJlon Harapa. nocJle qHCTKB .pOpMLI nO;P;BepraIOTClI 06p860TKe CJla6LIMB
eJlOqBI>IMB
paCTBOpaMB, DpOMI>IBKe B cymKe )\JllI Dpep;OTBpaJD;eBBlI KOpp03BB..
11.5.2. Y CTaHOBKa Anfl BHewHeA OKpaCKH
BynKaHH30BaHHblX nOKpblweK
B D;eJlllX npe)\OTBpa
eBHlI CTapeBBlI peSBBI>I B npB)\aBBlI nOKpLImKaM TOBap-
BOl'O BB)\a BX HBOr)\a OKpamBBalOT CneD;BaJlLBI>IMB COCTaBaMB. OKpaCKa DOKpLimeK
npOB3BO)\BTCJI Ba CTaHKe, KOTOpLlii lIMeeT qeTLIpe .pOpCyBKB )\JlJI ODpl>lCKBBaBBIi
421
nOKpLImKB, Bpa alO eiicJI Ba paS)\BmKBLIX KOBBqeCKBX pOJlBKaX. POJlHKB DPB-
BO)\HTCII BO Bp eBBe OT 3J1eKTpO)\BBraTeJlJl. nocJle ODpLlCKBBaBBJI DOKpLlWKB
CTaJlKHBalOTClI co CTaBKa DPB DOMO B DBeBMaTlAeCKOrO II;BJlBBApa. Y)\aJleBBe
napOB BS KaMepLI OC eCTBJlJleTCJI BeBTBJlJlD;BOBBOii CBCTeMOD:. Bce ODepaD;IDI
YCTaBOBKB DOJlBOCTblO aBTOMaTBaBpOBaBI>I, a BpeMlI OKpaCKB aa)\aeTClI DPB DOMO B
peJle BpeMeBB. HBme DpBBe)\eBa TeXB1A:eCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa CTaBKOB )\JlJI OK-
paCKB DOKpl>lmeK:
CTaRKH CT3HKB CTaHKB
BHHIIPTMAm YBll-3 (rllB 41BPMN
(.PeSBHO- ( . BPBIIIIC')
DpoeKTt) ) AlII'uli )
PaaMepH OKpamHBaeMLIX nOKpHmeK ,IJ;o 8,20-15 OT 21,00-28 8,2O-15
o 24.00-24
,IJ;aBJIeRUe cmaToro BOa yxa, MIla . . 0,6 0,4 0.66-0.70
¥ CTaHOBJIeRRall MOm.ROCTb 3JIel(TpO-
;!IBnraTeJIII, KBT . . . . . . 5.6 1,7 5.7
¥ eJIbHHe UOKaaaTeJJB
Macca Ba e HBu y DpoBaBo u-
TeJlbHOCTU, Kr/(mT/'1) .... 10 26 10
MOm.BOCTb Ra e,zUIHI'IQY npouaBo- 0,046 0.014
HTeJIbROCTU. KBT / (mT /'1) 0,044
ra6apHTRHe paaMepH, MM 2315 5200 2315
JIBHa .
mHpHBa 1115 2810 1HO
BHCOTa 3810 3725 3810
facca. T 1.2 3.2 1,2
11.5.3. YnaKOBOLlHble craHKH
YDaKOBKa rOTOBLIX mBH )\JlJI JlerKOBLIX B rpYSOBLIX aBTOM06BJleD DpOBaBO-
)l;BTClI Ba 06epTo'lB1>lx CTaBKax. 3TB MamBBbI 06epTLIBalOT mBBY 6YMamBoD JleBTOD:,
nOMe eBBoii B B e PYJlOBa Ba CDeD;BaJlLHO 1 qeJlBOKe, 06eralO eM BOKpyr DpO-
I)BJllI Bpa alO eiicJI DOKpl>lmKB. B DpOD;ecce 06epTKB KpaJl 6YMamBoii JleBTLI
DpOMaaLIBalOTClI KJleeM. qacToTa Bpa eBBJI qeJlHOKa Ba CTaBKe )\JllI 06epTKB Jler-
KOBLIX mHH 500 06/MBH, a Ba CTaBKe )\JlJI 06epTKB rpyaoBl>lx mBB - 220 06/MBB.
qeJlBoK DpBBO)\BTCJI B )\BBmeBBe OT aJleKTpO)\BBraTeJlJl MO BOCTLIO 2,2 KBT C qaCTO-
Toii Bpa eBBlI 1400-1800 06/MHB. YDpaBJleBBe CTaBKa OC eCTBJlJleTCJI DPB
DOMOID;JI BomBOD De)\aJlB B pyqBOrO pLlqara.
11.6. 060PYAOBAHI1E AMI BynKAHH3ALI,HI1 ABTOKAMEP
AJIJI BYJlKaBBaaIl;BB aBTOKaMep DpBMeBJlIOTCJI BB)\BBB)\yaJlLBLIe BYJlKaBBsa-
TOpLI. Y Kam)\OrO BB)\HBB.n;yaJlLBoro BYJlKaBBaaTopa YCTaBaBJlBBaeTClI CTeB)\
C ma6J10BOM, Ba KOTOpOM ocy ecTBJlJleTCJI nOMYBKa C,;KaTLIM BoaAYXOM -I)op-
MOBaBBe sarOTOBKB, T. e. DpB)\aBBe eii I)OPMLI. 6J1BaKoii K 1)0pMe rOTOBoro BS-
)\eJlBJI. CTeB,ZI; cBa6meB aBTOMaTBqeCKBM YCTpoiicTBOM, OTKJllOqalO BM DO,Zl;aqy
B DOJlOCTL KaMepl>l cmaToro BOa)\yxa DPB )\OCTBmeBBB elO aa)\aHHLIX ra6apBToB.
B D;eJIlIX Dpe)\OTBpa eHBJI paCXOm)\eBBJI CTLIKa aarOTOBKB DPH DOMYBKe ero ox-
J1am)\aIOT ,D;O + (2 -:- 5) °C. B aaBBCBMOCTH OT paaMepa nYJlKaHHsyeMoii KaMepl>l
YCTaBaBJlBBaeTCJI cooTBeTcTBYIO Bii ma6J10H, IWBI)BrypaD;1lJl KOToporo oTpa60-
TaBa )\.;IJI )\aBBOrO paSMepa KaMepLi. ,Z:(JlJI coxpaHeBBJI ra6apBToB aarOTOBKH DOCJle
DO)\)\YBKII OTBepCTBe BeBTBJlJI aaKpLiBaeTCJI JlerKODJlaBIWii M3Ccoii.
HBiRe DpBBe)\eHa TeXBlfqecKaJl xapaKTepBCTHKa CTeB)\OB )\JllI DOMYBKH aaro-
TOBOK ea,1J;OBLIX KaMep:
PaaMep ea OBH:X: KaMep
IlpouaBo HTeJIbROCTb, mT/g
HPO-7551
OT 200-508
o 10,00-20
24
HPO-7552
OT 11.00-20
o 16.00-20
24
422
,IJ;aBJleBlle BOaAYXa B MarUCTpaJIB, MIla
PacxoA BoaAyxa Ba 0ABY KaMepy, M3 .
r a6apHTHHe paaMepH, MM
.!(JIuaa .
mupBHa
BHCOTa
Macca, Kr .
0.3
0,3
( 10,00-20)
640
448
1680
42
0.3
0,4
(16,00-20)
1400
1200
905
82
,IJ;JlJI BYJlKaBBaaD;Hu aBToKaMep DpuMeBHIOTCJI O)\BO
OpMoBMe BBABBB)\yaJlb-
BLie BYJlKaBB3aTOpl>l (npeccl>I).
BYJlKaBHaaTop )\JlJI aBToKaMep (puc. 11.23) Dpe)\CTaBJIHeT co60ii KpUBOWBDBO-
maTYHBLIii npecc C ropU30HTaJlLHO UJIB HaKJlOHBO paCDOJIOmeUHI>JM CTOJIOP-I-CTaHB-
PBC. 11.23. BYJlKaaBaaTop e8AOBHX KaMep:
1 - CTaHBDa; 2 - maTy& Iiom.mol; 8 - nnaRWal45a; 4 - IIJ)eIIOXPaHBTemtBIUI CH045a; 6 - DopecKa; '--TPa-
Bepca; 1 - 9neKTpO
BUraTCn& C pe,p;YKTOPOM; 8 - KpBBomBD; , - maTyB 1I&mdt. -
42.3
BOD 1 B 3J1eKTpBqeCKBM npBBO)\OM. CTaBBBa upecca CBapBaJl. Ha BeD CMOBTopoBaBLI
3J1eKTpo,J(BBraTeJlL C pe)\yKTopoM 7, ,J(Be Kopo6KB, )\Ba BaJla C )\BYMJI DapaMB mec-
TepeB (3KcII;eBTpBKOBI>IMB KYJlaqKaMB).
nOJlaYB C pOJlBKOM, CMOBTBpOBaHBI>ID. B Kop06Ke COBMeCTBO C nO)\BeCKOii 5
H DJlaBmaii60ii 3, B MOMeBT OTKpLIBaBBJI npecca npOB3BO)\BT DapaJlJleJlLBLIii paa'LeM
npecc-<fIopMLI.
BBapeBBaJI B CTaBBBY CneIl;liIaJlLBaJl CBJlOBaJl Kopo6Ka (y ByJlKaBBaaTopOB
OOJlbmllX TBnopaaMepoB) BMeeT ,J(Be II;aD<fILI, Ba KOTOpl>lX KpeDJlTCJI )\Ba 60JlLmBX
IDaTYHa 2. BepxBBe qaCTO 60JlLmBX maTYBOB coe,J(lIHeBI>I DO,J(BBmBO qepea MaJll>le
waTYBLI 9 C KpBBomBnaMB 8 B TpaBepcoii 6. TpaBepca qepea nO)\BecKy mapBHpBO
CBJlaaBa C nJlaHmaiiooii, K KOTOpoii KpeDBTCJI BepXBJlJI nOJly<flopMa. KpenJleBBe
BepxBeH nOJly<flopMI>I DOaBOJlJleT perYJlBpOBaTL npe)\BapBTeJlLBLIii BaTJlr Ba CTLIKe
nOJly<flopM. B npeccax 45" B 55" )\JlJI aTBX II;eJleH cJlymBT II;eBTpaJlLBLIii TeJleCKO-
DBqeCKBii BBBT C pyqBLIM npBBO,J(OM. HBmBJIJI nOJly<flopMa mecTKo KpenBTCJI K CTa-
HBBe. nO,J(BO,J( Dapa B OTBO,J( KOB,J(eBcaTa OT DOJly<flOPM npOllaBO,J(JlTCJI qepea Tpy6o-
Ta6Aulfa 11.2. TeXBHQOOKali X8paKTePUCTUK8 _ BB y8JIbRhlX BYJIK8RuaaTopoB
JJB BYJIK8BB3 RR R8Mep
I I I 00 0 00
0... 0... 0"" ",""
0"" .,.' .
co "'co co: -...
""co ""co
",co _co -co -co 'co
."" ,"" ";''''' '"" u?""
0- 0_ "'- - -
':'e-o '?e-o "I'e-o ..!.e-o ..!.e-o
8- 8 ,,;,u :i;g .u
:z:i0 :z:iO
:z:i co j:I:I j;Q j;Qb j:I:IE::.
...
HB eKc . . . 421061 532053 532054 532-29 532053
PaaMep BYJlKaaBayeMHx OT 2.25-19 OT 170-380
Ka)le p . . . . . o 6,50-16 o 260-508 ,IJ;0 380-508 ,IJ;o 17.00-32 ,IJ;0 21,00-28
MaKCUMaJibBOe pacnopBoe 1.8
. yClfJUle BYJIKaBBaa HH, MH 0,3 0.5 0,85 2.25
BHcoTa YCTaBaBJIuBaeMlilx
npecc-4>opM, MM 355 460 635 760
MaKCUMaJlbBall . . . . -
MHWIMaJlbBall . . . . 228 300 450 440
,IJ;aB.1Jeuue, MIla O,6
na pa B npecc-4>opMe . . - 1 1 1
napa B KaMepe . . . . - 1 1 1.2 t
B03 yxa B KaMepe . - 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.8
B03AYxa B CUCTe)le yn-
paBJleBBlI . . . . . . . - 0,2 0.2 0,2 0,2
Bpe)llI OTKpHBaBUlI (aaKpH-
BaBBJI) opecca, C . . . . 4 4.3 6.3 15 22
qucJlo npecc-4>opM. . . . . 1 1 1 1 1
3JIeKTpO BUraTeJlb npBBo a
Tun . . . . . . . (AOC3-51-6 AOC-2-51-6 AOC3-52-4C AOC3-52-4 A OC3-52-4C
MomBOCTb, KBT . . 2.8 7 14 7 14
'1aCTOTa Bpam,eBUlI,
06/MHB . . . 1440 970 1220 1440 1220
3JIeKTpO BUraTeJIb npuBo
UJiamnaii6H . . .
TUn . . . . . - - - AOC-52-4 AOIlC-2-21-4
MOm,HOCTb, KBT . . - - - 1.0 1,3
\jaCTOTa Bpam,eHBlI,
06/MHB . . . . . . . - - - 1260 1300
l'a6apuTHble paaMepH, MM
;J;J1HUa . . . . 2000 2090 2400 2960 4190
I1IUpUBa . . 1850 1312 1650 6155 2480
BHCOTa . . . . . 2055 2020 2360 2615 2985
Macca, T . . . . . . 2.110 2.425 5.280 to.587 12,9tO
424
npOBO)\LI C mapBBpBI>IMB COeABBeBBJlMB. B py6amKY npeCC-.pOpMLI )\JllI OXJlam)\eBBJI
MOmeT nO)\aBaTLCJI BO)\a C TeMnepaTypoii 20-30 °C. CucTeMa nO)\BO)\a TeDJlOBO-
CBTeJleii npe)\YCMaTpBBaeT )\BYXCTOPOBBBii 060rpeB aarOTOBKB C BaKYyMBLIM y)\a-
JleHBeM TenJlOBOCBTeJlJl Ba DOJlOCTB KaMepLI.
BYJlKaHHsaTopLi cBa6meBI>I TeDJlOBOii B aJleKTpHqeCKOii aBToMaTHKoii.
3aKJla)\Ka aarOTOBOK, nO)\KJIIOqeBHe B OTKJIIOqeBBe BeBTBJllI KaMepl>l B BLI-
rpyaKa rOTOBoro Ba)\eJlBJI OCYJD;eCTBJllIIOTCJI BpyqBYIO.
AmI 6eaonaCBoro 06cJlymBBaBBJI ByJlKaBBaaTOp cBa6meB aBapBiiBLIM BI>IKJlIO-
qaTeJleM B 6J10KBpOBKOii B CBCTeMe aBTOMaTHKB.
IIpB ByJlKaBBaaD;BB KaMep B napOBLIe py6amKB no)\aeTClI BaCLI
eBBLIii Dap.
3a)\aHHaJl TeMnepaTypa no pemBMY DOMepmBBaeTClI aBTOMaTlAeCKB perYJIlITOpOM
)\aBJleHHlI B perHcTpBpyeTclI Ba )\BarpaMMe.
TeXBBqeCKBe xapaKTepBCTBKH DpeCCOB )\JlJI BYJlKaBBsaD;BB KaMep (aaBOALl,
BarOTOBBTeJlB - «TaM60BnOJlBMepMam» B (BOJlLmeBBK») DpBBe)\eBLI B Ta6J1. 11.2.
11.6.1. JlHHHH Anfl BY n KaHHaa
HH aBTOKaMep
llB)\BBH)\yaJlLBl>le ByJlKaBBaaTopl>l - npeCCLI DepBO)\lAecKoro )\eiiCTBHlI. Bo
BpeMlI BYJlKaBBsaD;BB KaMep MexaBBaMLI, ocyJD;eCTBJlJlIO
Be DepeaapJlARY Dpecca
DpOCTaBBaIOT, T. e. BMelOT BBaKBii Koa.p.pBD;BeBT BCDOJlLSOBaBBlI. OCBOBBoii Be
)\OCTaTOK aToro Tpa)\BD;HOBBoro 060pY)\OBaBBlI aaKJllOqaeTCJI
B TOM, UO oDepaII;IDI no nepeaapJl)\Ke npecc-.popM - aa-
KJla)\Ka aarOTOBOK, DO)\COe)\BBeBBe B OTKJllOqeBBe BeBTBJllI
K JIBBHB cmaToro BOa)\yxa B Bl>lrpyaKa rOTOBoii KaMepLI
ocy
ecTBJlJlIOTCJI BpyqBYIO; npB aTOM OHB BI>IDOJlBlIlOTCJI
B sOBe nOBl>llUeBBLIX TeMDepaTYP B raaOBl>IAeJleBBii. KpOMe
Toro, HB)\BBH)\yaJlI>BLle BYJlKaBBaaTopl>l MeTaJlJlOeMKB B
Tpe6YlOT 60JlLmBX npOBaBO)\CTBeBBI>IX DJlo
a)\eii.
PemeHHe np06J1eMI>I YCTpaHeBBlI Be)\OCTaTltI)B BH)J;B-
BB)\yaJlLBLIx DpeCCOB 61>1J10 Baii)\eBO B coaAaBBB MBorono-
aHII;HOBBoro BYJlKaHBSaTopa, KOTOpLlii B KOMnJleJ(ce C nB-
TaTeJleM B OT60pOqBLlM pOJlLraHrOM COCTaBJlJleT JlBHBIO )\JllI
BYJIKaHHSaD;BB aBTOKaMep. OTJlBqHTeJlLBoii oc06eBHOCTLIO
aToro BYJlKaBBaaTopa JlBJlJleTClI TaKall KOMnOBOBKa nYJlKa-
BBaaD;BOBBLIX aJleMeBTOB, KOTOpaJl 06eCDeqBBaeT BOaMom-
BOCTL DpOBe)\eHBlI nepeSapll)\KB O)\Boii Ba npecc-.popM 6ea
HapymeBBJI npOD;ecca BYJlKaBBsaD;BB B OCTaJlLBI>IX.
3TO )\OCTBraeTCJI aa CqeT oc06eHBOCTB KOBCTpyKD;BB
BYJlKaBJIaaIl;BOBBoro aJleMeBTa, B KopDyce KOToporo Kpe-
nJlTCJI )\Be aepKaJlI>BO pacnOJlOmeBBLIe OTBOCBTeJlLBO )\pyr
)\pyra DOJly.pOPMLI. Kopnyc cBa6meB BB)\BBB)\yaJlLBLlM 6aiio-
HeTBLIM aaTBOpOM (c ero nOMOJD;LIO BYJlKaBBa8l(BOBHlile
aJleMeBTLI MoryT COe)\BHlITLCJI B JlI060M KOJllAeCTBe B e)\B-
Hl>lii 6J10K). 3y6LJI 6aiioBeTBOrO aaTBopa cBa6meBI>I f KJlB-
HOBLIMB HaKJla)\KaMB AJlJI COa)\aBBlI He06xo)\BMOrO yCBJlBlI
aaTJlmKB B BOCDpBlITHJI paCDopBoro YCBJlBJI, BoaBBKalO
ero
npB no)\aqe B DOJlOCTL KaMepLI cmaToro BOa)\yxa B npOD;ecce
BYJlKaHHaaD;HB. KOBCTpyRII;BlI BYJlKaHBaaD;BOBHoro aJleMeBTa
DOKasaBa Ba pBC. 11.24. TaKaJl KOBCTpyRD;BJI npaKTlAeCKB
Be OrpaBBqHBaeT KOJl1A:eCTBO aJleMeBTOB B 6J10Ke B nOaBOJlJleT oc
ecTBHTL
nepeSapJl)\KY JlI060ii Ba npecc-.popM.
06
Bii BH)\ MBoronoaBD;BoBBoro BYJlKaBBaaTopa nOKaaaB Ba pBC. 11.25,
Ba KOTOpOM Ba06pameHa JlBBHlI BYJlKaBBaaD;IIB aBTOK8Mep. TaKoe KOBCTpyRTHBBoe
pemeBHe MHoronOaBD;1IOBBOrO BYJlKaBHsaTopa B ero KOMnaKTBOCTL nOaBOJlBJlH
PBC. 11.24. Byum-
a
oBBHi SJleMeBT
MBoroD03
BoUBoro
BYJlK8BBa8TOp8 8BTo-
RaMep.
425
008L
ffi:i
I
5
co
:I
I
...
I
I
00
I
GO
Q
..
,:a...
II»
=i
I
....
III"
II
!
!
III
=1
I
.&g
"!2
....0
I
!l
peIIlBTL Sa
aqy MeXaBBSa
IDI DpOD;eCCa DepeSapJlAKB Dpecc-4JopM, T. e. OC
eCT-
BBTL MeXaBBqeCKYIO sarpYSKY sarOTOBOK B Dpecc-4>opMLI B BX BLIrPYSKY. MexaBBaH
sarpysKB DpOBSBOABT TpaBCDopTBPOBKY c4>opMoBaBHoii sarOTOBKB K Kam)\oMY BS
BYJIKaBBsaD;1l0BBLIx 9JIeMeBTOB, a TaKme C06CTBeBBO sarpYSKy sarOTOBKB B COOT-
BeTCTBYIO
YIO DOJly4>OPMY.
OCBOBBLIMB 9JIeMeBTaMB MexaBBSMa sarpYSKB JlBJIJlIOTCJI ma6J10B B aarpysoq-
BLIe JlODaTKB. Ha ma6J10Be TpaBCDopTBpyeTcJI sarOTOBKa K DOJIy4>opMe, a sarpy-
SOqBLIe JIODaTKB CTaJIKBBalOT sarOTOBKY C ma6J10Ra B, paSBOpaqBBaJlCL, saDpaB-
JIJlIOT ee B DOJlY4>OPMY.
nocJle saBepmeBBJI pemBMa BYJlKaBBsa
B B paCKpLITBJI Dpecc-4>opJ\lLI K Bei
DOABOABTCJI MexaBBSM BLIrpysKB, KOTOpLIii saXOABT B sasop Mem)\y DOJlY4>opMaMB
270
:::?
I
L..
_".I
=-___oa._-:.
_-- -
, - 1
.....
-::..- ---- -
-,-_...
<:::>
oc
Pac. tt.26. IIIITaTeJlL JIBBBD BYJIKaBII881J,11D aaTOKaMep:
1 - CTOIRa; s - ma45nOB; 8 -
BHlIP; 4 - TOmca'lWJlo; S - 8aroTOBJCa R8MepW.
B )\ByMJI (BepXBBM B BBmBUM) aaXBaTaMB BSBJleKaeT BYJlKaBBSOBaHRYIO KaMepy
BS DOJly4JoPMLI. nocJle DOBOpOTa (T. e. BLIxoAa BS DpOCTpaHCTBa Mem)\y nOJly4>op-
MaMB) MeXaBBSM TpaBCDopTBpyeT KaMepy B)\OJlL BYJlKaHBSa
OBRLIX 3
eMeBTOB
K OT60pOqBOMY pOJlLraBry.
)J;JlJI BLIDOJlBeBBJI ODep8D;1lB -DO 4>opMoBaBIIIO SarOTOBOK Depe)\ BYJIKaRBSa-
D;1IeB B DBTaBBJI c4>opMoBaBBLIMB SarOTOBKaMB MBOrODOSBD;BOBBOrO BYJlKaHBsa-
TOpa B JIBHBIO BKJlIO'tJaeTCJI DOJlyaBToMaTlAeCKBii DBTaTeJlL (pBC. 11.26.), KOTOpLIB
COCTOBT BS YSJla ma6J10BOB, MexaHBSMa DOBopOTa ma6JIOBOB B YSJIa CTaJIRlIBaBBJI
c4>opMoBaBBoB sarOTOBKB Ba ma6JIoB sarpysOqBOrO MexaHBSMa.
Ha mITaTeJle YCTaBOBJleBLI TPB ceKTopBLIX ma6JIOBa, paCDOJlOmeBBLIX DO)\
yrJlOM 120 0 . B K8m)\OH BS Tpex pa60qBX DOSBD;Bii BLIDOJlRJlIOTCJI DOCJle)\OBaTeJlLBO
CJle)\YIO
e oDepaD;IIB: 1) BaBeCKa sarOTOBOK B DO)\COe)\BBeBBe BeRTBJlJI K mnnm
cmaToro BOS)\yxa qepes SOJlOTBHK, B KOTOpOM pasMe
eBO TaK)I(e B YCTpoiicTBO
)\JlJI DOAaqB JIerKODJlaBIWB JlfaCCLI B BeBTBJlL KaMepLI; 2) 4>opMoBaHBe sarOTOBKB;
3) Depe)\aqa C4>opMoBaBBoii sarOTOBKB Ba MexaBBSM sarpYSKB.
npB nOBopOTe ma6J10Ba B DOSBD;BIO 2 OC
eCTBJlJleTCJI 4>opMoBaHBe sarOTOBKB.
nO)\aqeB BOS)\yxa DPB 4>OpMOBRBBB YDpaBJlJleT orpalfB1UITeJlL ra6apBTa sarOTOBKB,
427
YCTaHOBJleHHLIii Ha ma6J10He DBTaTeJlJl. npB DOBOpOTe B DOSBII;BIO 3 BeHTHJlL DO)\-
)\YTOR aarOTOBKH saDHpaeTCJI JlerKODJlaBKOii Maccoii.
nepeMe eHHe ma6J10HOB DPOHSBO)\HTCJI MexaHHSMOM DOBopOTa, COCTOJl HM
Ha DHeBMOIl;BJlBH)\pa, peiiKH H meCTepHH.
MexaHBsM CTaJlKBBaHBJI Dpe)\CTaBJlJleT c060ii )\Ba CTaIl;HOHapHO YCTaHOBJleH-
HLIX II;BJlHH)\pa, Ha mTOKax KOTOpLIX YKpeDJleHLI Dpo<f>BJlLBLIe JlODaTKH. npH
cpa6aTLIBaBBH II;HJlBH)\POB sarOTOBKa JlODaTKaMH CTaJlKBBaeTCJI C lUa6J10Ba DBTa-
TeJlJl Ha ma6J10H aarpyaqHKa BYJlKaHBSaTopa.
ROMDJleKC BS DBTaTeJlJl, MHorOD03BII;HOBHoro BYJlKaBHSaTopa H oT60pOqHOrO
pOJlLraHra COCTaBJlJleT JlHBBIO BYJlKaHBSaIl;HH aBTOKaMep. JIBBHJI BYJlKaBBSaIl;IDI
pa60TaeT CJle)\YIO HM 06pasoM. Ha ma6J10B DBTaTeJlJl BaBelUBBaeTCJI COCTLIKOBaBBaJl
aarOTOBKa KaMepLI; saTeM DpOHaBO)\BTCJI aBTOMaTBqeCKOe <f>opMoBaBHe sarOTOBKB,
aaKpLITBe BeBTHJlJI JlerKODJlaBKOii Maccoii B, BaKOBeIl;, Depe)\aqa sarOTOBKH Ba Mexa-
BBaM aarpySKH MBorODOSBII;BOHBoro BYJlKaBBSaTopa. MexaBHsM sarpYSKB )\ OCTaB-
JIJleT aarOTOBKY K DepBoii Dpecc-<f>opMe B ocy eCTBJlJleT sarpYSKY. npecc-<f>opMa
aaKpLIBaeTCJI, B BaqBHaeTCJI DpOIl;ecc BYJlKaHHSaIl;BB KaMepLI. 3aTeM paCKpLIBaeTCJI
BTOpaJl Dpecc-<f>opMa B B Bee sarpymaeTCJI CJle)\YIO aJl sarOTOBKa. ,IJ;aJlee sarpy-
malOTCJI DOCJle)\OBaTeJlLBO OCTaJlLBLIe Dpecc-<f>opMbI. R MOMeBTY sarpyaKB DOC-
JleAReR <f>OPMbI SaKaBqBBaeTCJI BYJlKaBBsaIl;BJI KaMepLI B DepBoii <f>opMe. MexaBBsM
BLIrpyaKH BaBJleKaeT ByJlKaBBSOBaBBYIO KaMepy B )\OCTaBJlJleT ee K OT60pOqBOMY
pOJlLraBry, DO KOTOPOMY OBa Depe)\aeTCJI Ba TeXHOJlOrlAeCKYIO TpaHCDopTHYIO
CBCTeMY )\JlJI )\aJlLBeRIUBX TeXBOJlOrJI1leCKBX ODepaIl;BH. B DepBYIO <f>OPMY sarpyma-
eTCJI Oqepe)\BaJl sarOTOBKa, B DpoIl;ecc DepeSapJl)\KB DOBTOpJleTCJI B Toii me DOC-
J1e)\OBaTeJlLBOCTB. TaKBM 06pasOM, Bce oDepaD;1lB, sa BCKJllOqeHHeM BaBeCKB Ba
ma6J10H sarOTOBKB, MexaBBsHpOBaBLI H BLIDOJlBJlIOTCJI B aBTOMaTlAeCKOM pemHMe.
n POBSBO)\BTeJlLBOCTL J1BHBB ODpe)\eJlJleTCJI DpO)\OJlmBTeJlLBOCTLIO Depesa-
pJl)\KB. TaK, )\JlJI J1BHIDI BYJlKaBBSaIl;BB JlerKOBLIX aBTOKaMep (JIBA-1) DpO)\OJlmH-
TeJlLHOCTL DepeaapJl)\KB COCTaBJlJleT 43 c; DO)\CqBTaBBaJl BCXO)\JI Ha 9Toro Teope-
TJI1IeCKaJl DpOHaBO)\BTeJlLBOCTL JlUBBB COCTaBJlJleT 83 KaMepLI!q.
ROJllAeCTBO Dpecc-<f>opM n saBBCBT OT DpO)\OJlmBTeJlLBOCTB II;BKJla BYJlKaBH-
saD;1lB:
n == Tu./Tn
rile T u. - npO OJVKBTeJIbBOC1'b J18 BYJJKa&B3a ; Tn - BpeMs nepe3apR Ku.
JlJI 06eCDeqeBBJI 6eCDepe60iiBOR pa60TLI JlBBBH B MBorODoaHII;BOBBOM BYJI-
RaBBsaTope YCTaBaBJlBBalOTCJI O)\Ba - )\Be pesepBHLIe Dpecc-<f>opMLI, KOTopLIe
BBO)\JlTCJI B pa60TY DPH BLIXO)\e BS CTpOJl O)\HOii BS pa6bqBX Dpecc-<f>opM.
TexHlAecKBe xapaKTepBCTBRH JlBBuii )\JlJI BYJlKaBBaaIl;HB JlerKOBLIX H rpyso-
BLIX aBTOKaMep DpBBe)\eHLI BBme:
PaaMep BYJIKaHuayeMHx aBTOKllMep
. . . .
IlpOB3BO BTeJIbBOCTb (paC'IeTBaR), mT/'1 ,..
'IBCJlO BYJlKaBB3 DOIIBHX npecc opM ...
aBJIeBDe, MIla
napa 11,JI1I BYJIKa&liIa 1IH B napoBOi KaMepe
npecc-4.)opMH . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B03 yxa B nOJlOCTD KawepH .. . . . . .
B r pOCIiICTeMe . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pacxo napa Ba BYJlKa&U3 UIO o Boii KaMepH,
Kr ....................
IlJIo , 3aBHMaeMU e B ei 060py 0B8-
BBR,M2.................
428
JIBA-1
. I{awepH JIR JIer-
KOBHX nOKpHmeK
C DOCa O'IHHM
uaweTpoM
060 a 13-
75
8
1
0,8
6-6.5
0,9
57
JIBA-2 .
OT
200-508
o
260-508
60
12
0,8
0.8
6-6.5
3.5
70
MO HOCTb, RBT
aJIeRTpO BJilraTeJIeii r paBJIH'leCROii YCTa-
DOBKU ................ 11 11
aJIeKTpo uraTeJIeii MexaDuaMOB aarpyaKJI
U BLII'pyaRD ............. 1 1.3
Macea (c npecc-lJjopMaMH), T ........ 15 41.7
JIBBBB BYJlKaBBSaIl;BB aBToKaMep BMelOT cy eCTBeBHbIe DpeBM ecTBa Depe
UH)\BBB)\yaJlLBLIMB BYJlKaBBsaTopaMB: MexaBHsBpoBaHbI TpY)\OeMKBe pyqBLIe ODe-
paIl;BB B YJlyqmeBbI YCJlOBBJI Tpy)\a; B BeCKOJlLKO pas COKpa aIOTCJI DpOBSBO -
CTBeBBLIe DJlO a)\B; B 1,5 paaa DOBLImaeTCJI DPOBSBO)\BTeJlLBOCTL Tpy)\a; sa C'tJeT
(\HHmeBBJI y)\eJlLBOro paCXo)\a MeTaJlJla Ba O BY Dpecc-4>opMY paCXO)\ Dapa sa o y
RaMepy CBHmaeTCJI B 2 paaa; CHBmalOTCJI TaKme TeDJlOBLI)\eJleBBJI OT 060py oBasBJI.
rnABA 12
060PY.D.OBAHHE .D.nfl H3rOTOBnEHHfI ABTOKAMEP,
060.D.Hb1X nEHT H .D.HAtDPArM
12.1. 060PYAOBAHIiIE Anfl1il3rOTOBnEHlilfi ABTOKAMEP
n pOD;ecc BarOTOBJleBBJI aBToKaMep BKJllOqaeT pJl oDepaD;BB. K OCHOBHLIl\I
oDepaIl;BJlM OTBOCJI'I'CJI mDpBD;eBaBBe peaBBoBoro PYKaBa, DO)\rOTOBKa B YCTaBoBK8
BeBTBJleii, CTLIKOBKa saroToBKB, BYJlKaBBSaD;BJI cLIpoii KaMepLI, YKoMDJleKTOB8BBe
BeBTBJleB. 3a DOCJleABBe rO)\LI TeXBOJlOrBJI B 060pY)\OBaBBe DPOBSBO)\CTBa aBTO-
KaMep MaJlO BSMeBBJlBCL. 3'1'0 06'bJlCBJleTCJI rJlaBBLIM 06pasoM 06 eB TeB)\eBII;Bei
K DepeXO)\Y Ba BLIDYCK 6ecKaMepBLIx mBH.
K8MepBLIe arper8TY B DBBB. B BaCTOJl ee BpeMJI sarOTOBKB aBTOKaMep
BSrOTaBJlIIBaIOTCJI Ba arperaTaX BJlII DOTOqaLIX JlIIBIIJlX. B COCT8B JlI060ro arperaTa
BJlII JlBBBB BXO)\BT 'IIepBJlqaaJl MamllBa ropJlqero BJIB XOJlOABoro DBTaHIIJI (CM.
rJl. 2).
, 2 J q
.4i k,
' /' p !,
I _ " _ .. iill}1Jft: .
. \ _ :._e--" ,: ':" T _=;;--:-;
. - - -.: ...; ....I:.- _::I ,
6 H
PBC. 12.1. JIoBBs 592-17 lID- B8fOTOU8BU 88l'OTOBOK e8AOBIUI KaMep:
1 - qepBR'lHaR MamBHa; S'- OTIJopO'lBldt TPIUlCDOPTeP; 8 - BecoBoit TPaRCDOPTeP: 4 - O Ra1I
BaRH8; S - BeCN C pOJl&rasroN; ,- 045l1YBo'IHNit pOJl&raBr; , - 45NCTpOXOIlB&dt TPaRCnOpTep; 8 - pom.-
raHl'OBaR ropKa; 9 - pesaTeJlbROe 'YCTpOitCTBO; 10 - YCTpOitCTBO 1IJ111 onYIIPBBaHBR; 11 - IlpOMa80'lHOe
YCTpOitCTBO; 12 - npBcnoco45JJeHlle 1IJ111 npORJleBBaHIIR BeBTDJlII; 13 - np045BBBoe IlpBCDoco45ae81le; 14-
C'YJIIHJlKa.
PaSMep qepBJlqBOB MamBBLI SaBB(',BT 0'1' BaMeTpa BLIDYCKaeMOrO PYl\aBa
- 06L1'1BO DPB BSrOTOBJleBBB KaMep rpYSOBLIX mllB DpBMeBJlIOT qepBJlqBLIe MamBHLI
paSMepOM 200-4, 250-3 II 400-3 COOTBeTCTBenBO )\JlJI PYKaBOB )\BaMeTpOM )\0
280, )\0340 MM B 60Jlee 340 MM. npB DPOBSBO)\CTBe KaMep MOTomBB B JIerl\OBLIX
mBH BCDOJlLaYIOT 'IIepBJlqBLIe MamBHLI paaMepoM 125-5 B 160-4 )\J1J1 PYKaBOB
)\BaMeTpOM COOTBeTCTBeBBO )\0 150 II )\0 200 MM. 3TB MamBBLI cBa6}l\eBLI rOJlOBKOB
C YCTpoiicTBOM AJlJI DO)\aqB BBYTPL PYKaBa TaJlLRa BJIB 9MYJILCBB B 060pY)\OBaBLI
CBCTeMoii BaKYYM-OTcoca )\JlH YAaJleBBJI Ba6LITKa BOS)\yxa. \
B CCCP DpBMeBJlIOTCJI MexaBBallpOBaBBLIe arperaTLI B KaMepBLIe JlIIBBD
592-17 B 592-117.
1\ aM e p B a JI JI B B B JI 592-17 (pIIC. 12.1), BLIDYCKaeMaJl BMeCTO yCTa-
BOBKB HP-Y -39, Dpe)\BaSBaqeBa )\JlJI IISrOTOBJleBIIJI sarOTOBOK ea)\OBLIX KaMep
mBpBBoB 130-600 MM II )\JlBBOB 1360-4500 MM. OBa BKJllOqaeT qepBJIqaylO
MamBBY 1, OT60pOqBLIB TpaBCDopTep 2, BeCOBOB TpaBcDopTep 3 C BecaMB BeDpe-
pLlBBoro BSBemBB8BBJI PYKaBOB (Macca 1 M - )\0 8 Kr), OXJl8,IJ,HTeJlLBYIO BaBBY 4
(qaCTllqBO C <}>OpCyBOqaLIM opomeBBeM) )\JlBBOii 43 M, 06)\YBO'<IBlJii pOJILranr 6,
YCTPOBCTBO 11 )\JlJI DpoMasKB PyKaBa KJleeM BJln 6eBaBBoM, D;eHTpBpYIO €e DPII-
cDoc06J1eBBe, cymBJlKY J1J1 CymKB B BB<}>paKpacBbIx JI)"Iax 14, Dp06BBBoe DPIl-
cDoc06J1eBBe 13 C BaKYYM-DpBCOCOM B rOpJl'<IBM BomOM KPyrJlOro CeqeBBJI )\JlJI
Dp06BBaBBJI OTBepCTBJI DO)\ BeBTBJlL (BLIcoTa YCTaBoBKH Boma Ba)\ PYKaBOM pery-
430
JIBPyeTCJI B aaBBCBMOCTB OT TOJl BBLI CTeBKB KaMepBoro PYKaBa), DpBCDOC06J1eBBe
J1J1 YCTaBOBKB BeBTBJlJI Ba KaMepy.
Y CTpoiiCTBO )\JlJI OTpeSaBBJI PYKaBa DO JlBHe Dpep;CTaBJIJleT C060B BpaIIl;a-
IO RBCJI DJlOCI\Bii Bom C 060rpeBaeMLIM Jle3BBeM. I\poMe Toro, arperaT BKJlIOQ8eT
YCTPOBCTBO )\JlJI YKJla)\LIBaBBJI pyRaBa, DepeXO LIii pOJlLraBr, BeCOBOB pOJlLraar,
CTaJlKBBalO ee YCTpoiiCTBO (Ba pBC. 12.1 Be nOKasaBbI).
PBC. 12.2. CxeMa &BTOMaTlI'IeCKOrO
CIIIIxpOIlRaaTOpa:
1 - npBBOIlBOA Ban; s - Kyna'lKB; 8-
DYTeBNe KOlITaKTbJ; 4 - npOIioAHBK; S-
HOIIC; 6 - Myl/)Ta; 'I - salltemta; 8 - ynop;
9 - Mal'lDlT; 10 - SBe8110'ula; 11 - 45a'loK;
lZ - npOMasO'lRYA plAar; 18 - KaMepRYA
PYKaB.
10
Mex8BBsMbI JlJI npOM8aKH PYK8Ba, Dp06J1S8BBJI OTBepCTWI nO)\ BeBTBJlL
B peSKB PYRaB8 no JlBBe p860TalOT nepBOp;RqeCKB, BKJllOqaJlCL B pa60-ry KYJla'tJKO-
BLIM CBBxpORBsaTopOM (pBC. 12.2). nOCJle BBB npep;CTaBJlJleT c060ii npBBo BOB
6apa6aB 1 C Ba60poM KYJl8'IKOB 2, BOS ei:CTBYIO BX Ba DYTeBLIe BLIKJllOqaTeJlB a.
CHHxpoBHaaTop COBepmaeT nOJlBLIB 060POT sa BpeMJI DepeMe eBBJI PyR8B8 Ba
Tpe6yeMYIO P;JlBBY. BKJllOqeBBe MexaBBSMOB B pa60TY npOBaBOABTCJI M8I'BBTOM 9
Docpe CTBOM MYc)TLI 6, KOTOpaJl COep;BHJleTCJI C cooTBeTcTBYIO RM MexaBBSMOM
DPB oCB060mp;eBBR salI(eJlKB 7 ynOpOM 8.
,f G<i
-1/
: w _
8 -
r -$--
d
PRC. 12.3. CxeMa aBTOM&TJI1Ie-
CKoro CIUIa,o;HBa1O ero YCTpoi-
CTBa:
a - 04511tllA BIIlI YCTPoICTBa; 6-
cxeMa CKJlallhIBaHWI PiRaBa; 1-
DHeBMonOllxBBTN; S, 8 - DRe8MO -
JlIIHIIPbI; 4 - TPaBCDOJ)'l'ep; S -
npBBOIlRoA pOJlloraar; 6 - K8IIepRYA
PYKaB; A. B. B, r - nonollCeJIBJI
PYKaBa B DpO eece CKn8.JIhIBaHBH.
a
npOMaSKa PYKaBa KJleeM Ha yqaCTKe Dp06RBaHHII OTBepCTBJI )\JlJI BeBTBJlJI
npOBSBOP;BTCJI pLfqarOM 12 C $eTpOBoii DO)\YWKOii, CMaaLIBaeMoii KJleeM BS 6aqKa 11.
nOBopaquBaJlCL OT BMDYJlLCa, aa)\aBBOrO CBBxpOBBsaTopOM, pLfqar CMaSLIBaeT
KJleeM yqacToK )\BBmy erOCJI PYKaBa. n p060iiHBK 4 KpyrJloro CeqeBHII C Dpe)\OXp8-
BBTeJlLBOii DJlO a)\KOii TaKme BKJllOqaeTCJI CBBxpOBBaaTopOM, DOBopaquBaeTCII
Ba OCR R npOpeaaeT CTeHKY PYKaBa. nOCJleABJIJI DpBCaCbIBaeTCJI K rOpJlqeMY (150-
200°C) Bomy Dp060iiBBKa, a BLIpea8BBLIii KpymoK BLI)\YBaeTCJI BOS YXOM (K Bomy
DO)\Be)\eB cmaTLIB BOSAYX). ABT-OM8TDqeCKaJl peaKa aBTOKaMepBoro PYI\aB8 Ba
KYCKB DpOBaBO HTCJI DJlOCKRM BomOM 5 C BarpeTLIM )\0 180 °C JleSBBeM. Hom OT
CBrBaJla CBBxpoBBaaTopa )\eJlaeT O)\BB 060POT B paspesaeT pYKaB.
431
ABTOMaTBqeCKOe CKJl8ALIBalO
ee YCTPOBCTBO (pBC. 12.3) pa60TaeT CJle)\YIOID,BM
06pasoM. OTpes8BBLIii PYKaB DPOXO)\HT BaA DBeBMODO)\XBaTaMB 1. RaK TOJILKO
TpeTL PYKaBa SaXO)\BT aa OCL DOAXBaTa, DBeBMOD;BJlBB)\P 2 nO)\BBMaeT DO
XBaTLI,
KOTopLIe DOABBMalOT PYKaB, a DO)\ DOAB1ITYIO qaCTL JleBm TpaBcDopTep Do
aeT
OCTaBmYIOCJI qaCTL PYKaBa. I\or
a KOBeD; PyKaBa )\OCTBraeT OCB DO)\XBaT8, lIB&-
BMODO)\XBaTLI paSBO
JlTCJI ropBSOBTaJlLBLIMB DBeBMOD;BJlBB)\paMB 3 H PyK8B OKa-
SLIBaeTCJI CJlOmeBBLIM B)\Boe. ¥DpaBJleBBe YCTPOBCTBOM
JlJI CKJl8
LIBaBBJI pyRaB8
OC
eCTBJlJleTCJI OT CBBxpOBBaaTopa qepes 9J1eKTpODBeBMaTBqeCKBe KJlaD8BLI.
RaM e p B a JI JI B B B JI 592-117 Dpe)\BaSBaqeBa )\J1J1 BSfOTOBJleBBJI eSAO-
BL1X KaMep KPYDBora6apBTBLIx mBB. OBa OTJlBqaeTCJI OT JlHHBB 592-17 B OCBOBBOM
TeM, qTO B ee COCTaB BXO)\HT 60Jlee MO
BaJi qepBJlqBaJl MamBBa C qepBJlKoM:)\BaMeT-
pOM 400 MM. TeXBBqeCKBe xapaKTepBCTBKB 06eBX JlBBBii DPBBO)\JlTCJI BBme:
RaJllepHaR JDlRHR
592-17 592-117
PaSMepH sarOTOBOK KaMep, MM
AJIUBa . . . . . . . . . . . 1360-4500 2000-5000
mupBBa . . . . . . . . . . 130-600 450-900
CI<OpOCTb ABumeSU1I TpaHcnopTepsoi JleRTH
(npoUsBOADTeJIbBOCTb), M/MUH
MaKCBMaJIbRaJl . . . . . . . . .
MBRHMaJIbBaR . . . . . . . . .
mnpHBa TpaBcnopTet?Roii JIeRTH, MM
,IJ;JIHBa OXJIamAato
eD BaBBS, MM .
OQ'beM BOAS B BaBBe, M3 .....
TeMnepaTypa OXJIa
aro
ei BOAf>[,!?C '"
llpOAOJIJRHTeJIbBOCTb
UKJIa OXJla»QJ;eUDR, MIIB
,IJ;aBJIeBlile cmaToro BoaAyxa, Mlla
Pacxo
, M3/'1
OXJIamAato
eii BO
H . . . . . . . . .
cmaToro BosAyxa ..........
06
aR MO
BOCTb 9JIeRTpO)\BUraTeJJeii, KBT
nOCTOIiBBoro TORa . . . . . . .
nepeMeBBoro TORa . . . . . . .
MO
BOCTb 9JIeKTpOBarpeBaTeJIei, RBT
Boma .............
JlaMn
JIR cymKB Mell . . . . .
ra6apUTBHe paSMepH, MM
AJII1Ba (6es BaCOCBoi YCTa&OBICII)
mupHBa
IILICOTa ...... . . . . . .
Macca,'I .....
CTaBOK HP0-4830 AU OOpeS8BBJI a8rOTOBOK 8BTosaMep no
mme nepe
CTWCOB-
KOB. 3TOT CTaBOK Dpe)\CTaBJl1IeT c060ii rBJlLOTBBBL1ii Rom c nBeBMODpBBO)\OM.
OB YCTaBOBJleB Ba MeTaJlJllAeCKOM CTOJle B BMeeT orpa)R
eJlJile. ODBC8BBe B TeXBB-
qeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBK8 ero AaBbI B rJl. 8.
CTLIKOBOqRble CTaBRB. B BaCTon
ee BpeMJI DOBceMeCTBO npBMeBJlIOTCJI CTaBKH
)\JlJI CTLIKOBKB KaMep BcmK. n pBBD;1III pa60TLI 9TBX CTaBKOB SaKJllOqaeTCJI B CJI&-
)\YIO
eM. 06peaaBBLIe rOpnqBMB BomaMH (250°C) KOBD;LI pyRaBa C6J1BmaIOTCJI
BDJlOTBYIO B BLI)\epmBBaIOTCJI DOA
aBJleBBeM B TeqeBBe 12-15 C (KaMepLI MaJlbIX
paaMepoB) BJIB 30 C H 60Jlee (KaMepLI 60JlLmBX pasMepoB). CxeMa CTLIKOBouoro
CTaBKa DOKasaBa Ba pBC. 12.4. HBmuJIJI CTaBBBa CJlymBT OCBOBaBBeM CTaBKa.
Ha BepxBeii CTaBBBe CMOBTBpOBaBLI CaJlaSKB, TBCKB B BaKOBaJlLBJI. llpB DOMO
B
CaJl8S0K C6J1BmaIOT KOBD;LI PYKaBa. OBB nepeMe
alOTCJI DO CTOJlY CTaBBBLI DPB
DOMO
B peBKB B meCTepeB, ynpaBJlJleMLIX DBeBMOD;BJllUI)\POM. llPB nOABBMaBBB
mTOKa peiiKa DO
BBMaeTCJI, mecTepBH BpalD,aIOTCJI, B CaJlaSKB paCXO)\JlTCJI. llpB
oDycKaBBB mToKa, Ba060pOT, CaJlaaKB C6J1BmaIOTcJI. Ha CaJlaSKaX SaKpeDJleRLI
BBmBBe MaTpBD;LI, Ba KOTopLIe Depe
CTLiKOBKOB YKJlaAbIBaIQTCJI KOBD;LI PYRaBa.
TBCKH samBMalOT KOBD;LI PYKaBa DPB nOMo
B peSBBOBoii DO)\yIDKB, BaDOJlBeBBOB
cmaTLIM Boa
yxoM, Ba KOTOpOB YKpeDJleBLI OT)\eJlLBLIe DJlaCTBBLI.
432
30 to
4 2
700 1100
43000 64000
to,5 18
14 14
6.5-32.5
0,4-0,6
7 7
5 300
10 14,45
2,8 5,1
2,4 2,4
3 3
. . 55860 67'000
3392 3'400
2140 2"400
t2.086 25
r--.-r------...
r--------------- -- - ---------, ::; \.-(><1-,-..
I
!lcnobnlJ/e o6oJnovenu.
o fJIod CJt{om020 OOJdyJO
. 8
I:rod CJKOm020 dOJdyJO d qunundDbl
£ PedYKquonH/}/e _nonOnol
f
.
.
I
.
I
I
I
, ,
I
.
..
I
f
t
.
.
6
7
8
ii'
I 9
10
:5
PIiIC. 12.4. CTHKOBo'IBWi CTa&OK PH e8AOBIIDI KUlep rpyaoma DOKpwmeK (cxeMa B03JU7DD1oro
YDpaue&IIJI):
1 - IUJ./DtHAPN canaaolC B nepBoro II BTOporo OTBoJl;a canaaoll; S - npBBOIl cronoB caJlaaOIl; 8 - ca.naallll; 4 -
BIIIICHRR MaTPHQa; S - TBCKD; 6 - ItIIJIJJHJIPN THCKOB; 1 - BaIlOB8JIJoHR; 8 - HOIICB. 9 - ItJIMIBJI:p.. npBBOlIa
B TOpMOlICeBJIR pCIIC}'1I(ero 45J1olla; 10 - IUUJllBJlP BaKOBa.nJolIBt 11 - peCBBep..; lS - 6aK; 18 - ne,u.8JIJo asapldl-
Horo BKmo'leRBR npCAOXpaHBTeJlJoHoro KnaDaHat 14 - eneKTPOllBlIJ'aTe.JlJ>;.16 - JJpBliop ynpaBneRBII.
n pB DepeMe
eBHB mTOKa DBeBMOD;BJlBH)\pa TBCKB DOCpe)\CTBOM CBCTeMbI TJlr
ODYCKalOTCJI Ba KOBII;LI PYKaBa. PeSBHOBaJl DOAyIDKa BaDOJlBJleTCJI BOS)\YXOM,
H DJlaCTJilBLI DJlOTBO DpBmBMalOT KOBII;LI PYKaBa. HomH C 9J1eKTpOBarpeBOM (TeM-
uepaTypa )\0 250°C) 06pesalOT KOBII;LI PYKaBa. HomB Dpe)\CTaBJlJlIOT c060ii UJlaBKB
C JleaBBJlMB, SaTOqeBBLlMB C o
oii CTOpOBLI DO
yrJlOM 20°. HomB DpBKpenJleBbI
1\ DOJlSYHY, CBJlaaBBOMY co mTOKOM BOa)\ymBoro
BJlBHApa. HaKOBaJlLBJI CJlymBT
OCBOBaBBeM DPB 06pesaBBB KOBD;OB PYKaBa. ORa MomeT DepeMe
aTLCJI BBepx
II BBHa DpB DOMO
II Bos
ymBoro D;HJlBBApa. IIYCK CTaBKa ocy
ecTBJlJleTCJI OT
BYX
pblqarOB, KOTopbIe pa60qBB BamllMaeT O)\BOBpeMeBBO 06eBMH PYK8MB. IIocJleAo-
BaTeJlLBOCTL onepaD;BB ocy
eCTBJlJleTCJI OT KYJlaqKOBOrO BaJlBKa: CT8BOK BMeeT
aBapBiiBoe BLIRJllOqeBBe DPH DOMO
B BomBOB De
aJlB.
Pemy
Hii 6J10K B DJlaBKa BaKOBaJlLBB MorYT DO
BHMaTLCJI B ODYCK8TLCJI
IIH
BBH)\yaJlLIiLIMB DBeBMOIl;BJlBBApaMB. MexaBBsM 6J10KHpOBKH DpeAOTBpa
aeT
caMODpOHSBOJlLBOe ODYCKaBHe pem
ero 6J10Ka npB Da)\eBBB )\aBJleBBJI Bos
yxa
B CHCTeMe. n pBBO
CT8BKOB OC
eCTBJlJleTCJI OT 9J1eKTpO
BBraTeJlJl DepeMeBBoro
TOKa.
)J;J1J1 MeXaBBqeCKOii CTLlKOBKH sarOTOBOK eSAOBbIX KaMep B CCCP HSrOTaBJlB-
BalOTCJI CTLIKOBoq&LIe CTaBKB CCK-3, CCK-4, CCK-5, CCK-6 B CCK-900. TexBH-
qeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa 9TBX CTaBKOB npBBe
eBa nme:
Hau60JIbmaR mHpHBa CJIo-
menOR RaMepH, MM
llpOAOJImHreJIbBOCTb
UKJIa
CTbtROBKU, C ......
XO,D. CTbtKYIO
HX canaaOK,
),1M . . . .
Y CBJIue, KH
peaaBHR
CTHKOBRH
,IJ;aBJIeBUe, Mlla
B03Ayxa . .
B r
paBJlB'IecRoii
creMe .....
TeMnepaTYPa Bomeii, ec .. 250
CYMMapBaS MO
OCTb
9JIeKTpOBarpeBaTeJIeii, BT 800
3JIeKTpoABuraTeJIb
TUn ........ .AOJI-12-4 AOJI-12-4 AOJI-12-4 AOJI-12-4
MO
BOCTb, KBT . . " 0.18 0,18 0.18 0.18
'1aCTOTa Bp
eBus,
06/MHB . . . . ., 1400 1400 1400 1400
ra6apuTBble pa3MepH, MM
,lUUIBa 975 1060 1015 2040
mupBHa 1120 890 1285 1335
BHCOTa . . . . 2710 2270 2650 2650
Macea, T . . . . . 1.486 1.150 1,760 2.025
CCK-3
CCK-
400
20; 30
100
12; 15
74
4.5
8
. 0,5-0.7
cu-
CCK-5 CCK-6 CCK-900
200
500
600-900
650
20; 30 20; 30; 40 20; 40
100 100 60
1
4
5-6.65
16
30
5
18
0.5-0.7 0.5-0,7 0.5-0,7
250
800
30
250-270
250
800
250
800
4.5
3500
3250
1800
2.5
OOOPYAOBaHHe
u )'KpeDJleBBJI CThiKa s8Mep", ,IJ;J1J1 yRpenJleBHJI CTLIKa KaMep
Ha pJl)\e SaBO)\OB DpHMeHJlIOTCJI YCBJlBTeJlLHLIe JleBTOqKB BS DpopesBHeBBoro Kop
a,
KOTopbIe BaKJla)\LlBaIOTCJI Ba CTLIK Ba BapymBoii CTopOBe KaMepBoro PYKaBa.
06bIqHO
J1J1 9Toro DpHMeBJlIOT CneD;BaJlLHLIB J1eBToq&bIii TpanCDopTep, B)\OJlL
KOToporo YCTaBaBJlHBalOTCJI CTLIKOBOqJfLIe CTaHKH. nocJle CTLIKOBKH KaMepLI CTLIK
npOMaaLIBalOT KJleeM B DpocyIUHBalOT HB<}>paKpaCBLIMH JlaMDaMH, YCTaHOBJleBBLIMB
Ha)\ TpaBcDopTepoM. nocJle npocywKB Ba DpoMaaaBBLIB yqacToK BaKJla
LIBaIOT
JleBTo
y 8a DpopeaBBeBHoro KOp)\a. B KOHII;e TpaBCDopTepa )\J1J1 DO)\DpeCCOBKB
JleBTOqKH YCTaBaBJlHBaeTCJI nBeBMaTlAeCKHB npecc C DpeccYIO
eB rOJlOBKOB,
CocToJl
eii Ha pesHBoBoii KaMepbI, Ba KOTOpylO Ba)\eTbI DJlaCTHBLI 8S JlHC'l'OBOrO
101eTaJlJla.
434
Ha OTeqeCTBeBBLIX SaBO)\aX )\JlJI nO)\npeCCOBKB JleBTOqKB Ba CTLIKe aBTOKaMep
npBHeBJlIOT CTaBOK HPO-771O, KOTOpLIii XapaKTepBsyeTcJI CJleAytO BMB )\8BBLIMB:
MaKCUMaJIbUOe AaBJIeBUe Ba nopmem., KH
PaSMepH no ymeK npecca, MM
JIUBa . . . . . . . . .
mUpBHa . . . . . . . . .
nO UmBOH nOnymKU . .
BenOABBJRBOH no ymJW .
11,35
350
70
93
ODBcaBBLIii cnoc06 YCHJleBBJI CTLIKa B BacTOJl ee BpeMJI SallleBJleTCJI cno-
C060H SaMOpamBBaBBJI BapymBoii qaCTB CTLIKa )\0 -8°C. ,IJ;JlJI aaMopaamBaBBJI
DpBMeBJlIOT CneIl;BaJlLBOe npBCDOC06J1eBBe, npe)\CTaBJlJlIO ee c060ii MeTaJlJlBqeCRYIO
Tpy6KY, B KOTOpoii BPKYJlBpyeT XJla)\areBT C TeMUepaTypoii OT -10 )\0 -12°C
..' : _\>-
s
"-
0)
<0
<\)
.... " db . .
ii
I'
1\
II
!_...J -=. -- =g E3 =.
" '. .
-:''J'.'
. <+
4448
PIiIC. 12.5. BaRBa JIII DCDHTaaDJI RaMep Ba repMeTB'IBOCTb:
1 - BaHiln; 2 - nBTalOlI\uA TPaucnopTep; 81- CCTKa; 4 - pomnm; S - 45apa45aa; 6 - OTIiopo'lHloll 1'paHCIIOP-
TeP; ., - 9neKTPOIlBBraTeJl&; 8 - HaTIIIICBoe YCTPoACTBO.
B J(aqeCTBe XJla)\areBTa 06LIqBO npBHeBJlIOT D;BPKYJlBPYIOIII;Bii paCTBOp XJlO-
pBCTOrO KaJlLD;BJI. OXJlam)\eBBe npOB3BO)\JlT npB nOHO B <}>peOBOBOii XOJIOABJlLROii
YCTaUOBKB. Ha BOpOBemCKOM mBBHOIll aaBO)\e npBMeBJleTCJI cnoc06 OXJlaac)\eBBJI
MOp03BJILBOii Tpy6RB npH nOMODJ,B BCTeqeBRJI CmaTOrO BOa)\yxa qepea YJlBTKY B BR)\e
CnHpaJlH ApXRMe)\8 (BRXpeBaJl Tpy6Ra POBKa). TIpR aTOM B03)\YX, _BXOA Bii
B nOJlOCTL MOpOaRJlLBOii TPy6KR, OXJla)l( aeTCJI )\0 -15°C. TeMUepaTypa BOa)\YX8
perYJlBpyeTcJI )\pOCCeJleM. Pacxo)\ B03Ayxa Ba OWlY TOqRY 0,019 J(r/c.
C nOJlBJleBReM pa)\BaJlLBLIX mBB Boapoc CpOK cJlym6LI DOKpLIlIIeK B npR aKC-
nJlyaTaD;RR CTaJlB yqam;aTLcJI cJlyqaB paCCJlOeBRJI CTLIKa KaMep. 3TO 06'LJlCBJleTCJI
TeM, 1IT0 B mRBax THna P Ae<}>opMaD;RJI KaMep ropas)\o 6oJI:bme, 1JeM B AHarOBaJlLBI>IX,
H, KpOMe Toro, BanpaBJleBHe BBTeD J(op a B RapKace nOKpLlIDKH COBna)\aeT C Ba-
npaBJleBBeM CTLIKa. ¥ CTaROBJleBO, 'tJTO )\J1J1 nOJlyqeBHJI B8)\emBOrO CTLIKa B mHBax
THna P AaBJleBHe npH cacaTHB KOBD;OB KaMepLI Mem)\y c060ii CJ!e)\yeT YBeJlHqHTL
B 4 paaa B 06pa60TaTL DOBepXBOCTL cpeaa KaMepLI rOpJlqHMH BoacaMB, yCTpaBHB
06paaOBaBBe KOpKH. BpMa dlBmeii nOlIHMepl> (CiliA) paspa60T8J1a BOBLIii TBII
CTLIKOBOqBOrO CTaBKa C YJlyqmeBBoii KOBCTPYKD;Beii rOpJlqRX Bomeii B 60JlLmeii
CRJloii npBmaTHJI KOBI\OB pYKaBa Me)l()\y c060ii.
28* 435
3TB CTaBKB BLInycKalOTcJI )\JlJI K8Mep C npO
BJleM )\BaMeTpOM -OT 5,5 )\0 13,5 n.
npOqaOCTL CTLIKa KaMepLI, nOJlyqeBBoro Ba aTBX CTaBKax, npeBLImaeT npOqBOCTL
yqaCTKOB 6ea CTLIKa, TOr)\8 KaK npOqBOCTL CTLIK8, nOJlyqeBBoro B8 06
BLIX CTaB-
Kax, COCTaBJlJleT TOJlI>KO 50-60% OT npOqBOCTB D;eJloro JlBCT8. HOBLIe CTaBKB
npocDoc06J1eBLI )\JlJI CTLIKOBKO KaMep Ba JlI06LIX pe3BBOBLIX cMeceii, npBMeBJleMLIX
B DpOBaBO)\CTBe ea)\OBLIX KaMep (B8 OCBOBe 6YTBJlK8YQYKOB, XJlOp6YTBJlKayqYKoB,
Cl\1eCB 6YToJlKayqYK8 co CK3nT B 6YTOJlK8yqYK8 C XJlOp6YTBJlK8yqYKOM). npo-
,nOJlmBTeJlLBOCTL onep8D;BB Ba CTaBKe COCT8BJlJleT Bcero 12 c. KpoMe Toro, KaMepLI
Be Bym)\aIOTCJl B YCBJleBBB CTLIK8 nepe)\ BYJlK8BBaaD;Bei.
OOOPY)\OB8HBe)\U npoBepm 8BTOK8Mep H8 repMeTBIJROCTr.. nocJle BYJlK8BBa8-
BB K8MepLI npOBepJlIOT B8 repMeTIABOCTL B BO)\e. MecTa, r)\e IIMelOTCJI BenJlOTBOCTB,
Puc. t2.6. BaBBa
JlII UCDYTaBBB KaMep, npBMeUlIeMall ua ,IJ;uenpolIeTpoBcKOM mHBBOM aaBo
e
1 - paCTIIMlBIUODtee DpHclJoco454eHBe; 8 - 15M: 8 - lIeXlUlH811 IJOrpYllCeHBII; 4 - t'}'JIelJlo.
onpe,neJlJlIOT no nyaLIpLK8M BOa)\YX8, BLIXO)\JI
BM Ba BaAYToii KaMepLI npB norpy-
meBOB ee B BO)\Y. ,IJ;JlJI BcnLIT8BBJI K8Mep npBMeBJlIOTCJI BaBBLI paaJlBqBOi KOB-
CTPYKD;BB. 0,nB8 Ba T8KBX BaBB nOR8a8B8 B8 pOCo 12.5. K8Mep8 ,nOJlmBa B8XO-
)\OTLCJI B BO)\e 25-30 c.
H8B60Jlee p8cnpOCTp8BeBLI B8BBLI C nOAAepmBB81O
BMB KJlBBOBLIMB peMBJlMB.
Ha BeKOTopLIX a8BO)\aX npBMeBJlIOTCJI B8BBLI, B }WTOPLIX KaMepLI p8CTJlrBBaIOT.
H8 ,IJ;BenponeTpoBcKOM mOBBOM aaBO)\e )\JlJI aToii D;eJlB npBMeBJleTCJI KpyrJl8J1
BaBBa (pIlC. 12.6). HBme npBBe,neB8 X8paKTepBCTOK8 aToi B8HBLI:
EMKOCTb BaBHhI, 111 3 .....
qacToTa Bpa
eBHII TypeJIU, 06/MDB
MO
BOCTb 3JIeKTponpHBo.n;a, KBT .
fa6apUTHhle paaMepH BaBIW, MM
JlDBa .
nmpBHa
BHCOTa ..........
. . .
OT
o
5,60-15 12.00-20
34
1,58
2.8
8300
6260
2960
PaaMep UCIIbITblBaeMHX RaMep
BaBBa CB86meB8 CBrB8J1Ba8TOpoM, nO
81O
BM CBrBaJl DPB 06B8pymeBBB Berep-
MeTuqRoi K8MepLI (6p8K8). He)\OCTaTOK aToi B8BBLI - rpOMoa,nKocTL; ee OOCJlY-
mBBalOT ,nBoe p8601lHx.
436
HarOT8BJlBBaeMaJl B CCCP MamBBa MHK-2 AJlJI HCDLITaBBJI K8Mep Ba repMe-
TBqBOCTL, DpeACT8BJlJlIO 8J1 c060ii B8BBY C KJlBBOBLIMB peMBJlMB AJlJI DOAAepm8-
BOJI KaMepLi nOA BOAOii, xap8KTepBayeTcJI cJleAYIO BMB A8BBLIMB:
1100
400
MaKCHMaJIIoBWi BapymBHH AuaMeTp aBToKaMepH, MM
IIpOu3BO UreJIIoBOCTb, mT/'I . . . . . . . . . . . .
CKOpOCTb ABBJReBUII DOAaJO ero TpaBcDoprepa,
M/MHB . . . . .
EMKOCTI. BaRBH, M3
aJIeKTpO UraTeJlIo
THD .....
MO ROCTb, KBT . . . . .
'1aCTOTa Bpa eRWI, 06/MHB
fa6apuTRHe paaMepH, MM
JIBHa .
mupuBa
BHCOTa .
Macca, T . .
10.2
2,3
. AO-41-6
1
930
5700
1700
1850
1.96
12.2. nOAC05HOE 050PY AOBAHIo1E Ami npolo13BoACTBA
ABTOKAMEP
¥ CT8HOBK8 )\JlJI oopeaBHBB8HBJI BeBTBJleH. ,IJ;JlJI 06peaBBoB8BBJI BeBTBJleii
1Ia OTeqeCTBeBBLIX aaBoA8X mHBBoii DpOMLImJleBBOCTB DpBMeBJleTCJI YCT8BOBKa,
BKJllOq81O 8J1 pea8TeJlLBLIii CT8BOK AJlJI HarOTOBJleBBJI DJITOK BeBTBJleii: P3n-1,
-ODBcaBBe KOToporo A8BO B rJl. 8.
BYJlK8BBa8D;BoHBhlH DpecC. ,IJ;JlJI nYJlK8BOa8D;OO 06pe30BeBBLIx neBTBJleii
lIpBMeBJIIOTCJI MeX8BBqeCKBe DpeCCLI TBD8 «M8K-Heii:JI» C DJlBTOii: 800 X 800 }1M
BJIB AByxaT8mBLIe rBAP8BJlOqeCKBe npeCCLI. 06peaBBeBBLIe BeBTBJlB BYJlK8BII-
aYIOTCJI B MBororBeaABLIX Dpecc- opM8X C BLIT8J1KBB8TeJlJlMB rOTOBLIX BeBTBJleii:.
UO)\p06BOe ODBC8BBe YCTpoiicTB8 DpeCCOB )\8BO B rJl. 15.
38 DOCJle)\BBe rOALI B86J11O)\8eTCJI TeB)\eBD;BJI npOBaBO)\BTL 06peaBBBBaBBe
DJITOK BeBTBJleii: JlBTLeM DO)\ )\8BJleBBeM B8 qepBJlqBO-DJlyumepBLIX JlBTLeBLIX
M8mBBax C KapyceJlLBLIMB MBorODpeCCOBLIMB CT8BD;BJlMB. npB aTOM MeTO)\e AO-
CTBr8eTCJI aKOBOMBJI M8TepB8J10B, ynpO 8IOTCJI B COKp8 8IOTCJI OTp;eJlOqBLIe
'oDep8D;BB.
OOOPY)\OB8HBe )\U wepoxOBKB DJITOK BeHTBJleii. npOBYJlK8BoaOB8HBLIe K Me-
T8J1J1BqeCKoMY KOPDYCY peaBBoBLIe DJlTKB BeBTBJleii mepoxYXOT Ba CDeD;BaJlLBLIX
CTaBK8X HT:3,IJ; -69. CxeM8 T8Koro CT8BK8 DOK8a8Ba B8 pBC. 12.7. H8 aTOM me CT8BKe
npOllaBO)\BTCJI 06pea8BBe KpOMOK. CT8BOK YCTpoeB cJleAYIO BM 06p8aOM. H8
CTOB:Ke YKpeDJleB CTOJl2 C rBea)\8MB 7 AJlJI p8aMe eBBJI BeBTBJleii DJlTK8MB Bapymy.
CTOJI DOBOp8qBB8eTCJI DPB DOMO B DBeBM8TBqeCKOrO D;BJlBB)\P8 B8 a8)\8BBLIii
yroJl. ¥Dp8BJleBBe DOBOpOTOM CTOJla OC eCTBJlJleTCJI aOJlOTBBKOBLIM Kp8BOM,
KOTOPLIii:, B CBOIO Oqepe)\L, YDp8BJlJleTCJI De)\8J1LIO 8 qepea TJlry 1. illepOXOB8J1LBOe
DpBCDOC06J1eBBe Dpe)\CT8BJlJleT c060ii: mDBB)\eJlL 5 C m8pomKoii 6, aaKpeDJleBBoii:
Ba CTOHKe. illDBB)\eJlL Bp8 8eTCJI OT aJleKTpO)\BBr8TeJlJl MO BOCTLIO 2,5 KBT
qepea peMeBBYIO Depe)\8qy co CKOpOCTLIO 3000-3200 06/MBB. npOBaBO)\BTeJlLBOCTL
CTaBK8 - OKOJlO 600-650 BeBTBJleii:/q.
CT8HOK)\U BarBoa BeHTOJlJl. npo oarOTOBJleBOO aarOTOBOK K8Mep B HX BYJlKa-
BBa8I(}IB AJlJI y)\06CTB8 DpBMeBJIIOTCJI DpJlMLIe BeBTBJlB. noaToMY DOCJle BYJlK8BB-
a8D;BB BX BarB6810T B COOTBeTCTBBB C Tpe6yeMoii KOB BrYP8D;Beii: B8 CT8BKe
HPO-2440 (pBC. 12.8). BeBTBJlL K8Mep AJlJI rpyaoBLIx 8BTomBB, K8K Dp8BBJlO,
OMeeT )\B8 HarB68: DepBLIii: OT DJlTKB B8 90 0 B BTOpOii: - B8 120-160 0 B a8BBCB-
MOCTB OT paaMepoB. 068 KOJleBa BarB6810TCJI O)\BOBpeMeBBo. 06LIqBO )\JlJI K8Mep
RamAoro p8aMepa DpBMeBJleTCJI CBOii: CT8BOK. npOBaBOABTeJlLBOCTL CT8BK8-
O)\BB BeBTBJlL a8 2 c. CTaBoK DBeBM8TBqeCKOrO )\eiiCTBBJI. ,IJ;aBJleBBe cm8Toro
BOa)\yxa 0,2-0,4 Mn8; P8CXO)\ BOa)\YX8 OT 0,0105 )\0 0,0175 M- B8 O)XBB BeBTBJlL;
r86apBTLI CTaBKa 310 X 310 X 960 MM; MaCC8 47 Kr.
437
CT8BOK)\U BCT8BRB aOJlOTBHKOB. 30JlOTBBKB BeHTllJleii BCT8BJlJlIOT B8 CDe UaJlI>-
BLIX CT8BKaX CB-1 a8BOA8 HM. KpaCBB8, Dpe)\CT8BJlJlIO BX c060ii MeX8BlAeCRBi
RJlIOQ. CT8BOK BMeeT CTOJl, Ba KOTOpOM a8RpenJleB8 p8M8 )\JlJI YCT8BOBKH 9J1eK-
TpoABBr8TeJlJl MO BOCTI>IO 0,27 RBT. qepea peMeBByxo DepeAaqy OB npltBO)\BT
7
CQ
6
'2
6
PUC. 12.7. llOJIyuToMaTU'IeCRUH aneR-
TpODBeBM8TB'IeCJCuH CT8BOR JlB mepo-
XOBKB o6peauBeBBHx DIITOR BeBTBJlei:
1 - mra; S - CTon; a - KpORJDTeIR; 4-
pallia lIIII1UflIeJIJI; 5 - mDBH,neJlb; 6 - ma-
pOlDKa; '1 - rBe8l1a; 8 - nellanb.
PBC. 12.8. CTaBOR nll BarB68 ROp-
uyca BeBTBnJl:
1 - erolKa; S - nseBMOQJlJlllHllp; a -
KPORJDTettH; 4 - ploAar: S - npDCDOco45-
neBBe 11M B3m45aBBIi Kopnyca; 6 - D8-
rB45aeMWt BCHTHJIb; '1 - pacnpelleJIBTeJIb-
mdt lCpaR.
B )\BBmeBBe naTpOB, BBYTPU KOTOpOrO BCT8BJleB D8J1eD; C B8AeTOi Ba BerO DpymB-
Boii, COaA81O ei aMOp'lBa8D;BIO BO BpeMJI a8BBHquB8BBJI aOJlOTBBK8. B D8J1LD;e BMe-
eTCJI DpopeaL )\JlJI rOJlOBKB aOJlOTBBKa. qacToT8 Bpa eBBJI mDBB)\eJlJl 875 06/MBB.
12.3. 050PYAOBAHHE AMI HsrOToenEHHfI
050AHbiX nEHT H AI1AQJP ArM
38rOTOBKB 060ABLIX JleBT B )\B81j1p8rM B3rOTaBJlBBalOT MeTO)\OM BLI)\8BJlUB8BBJI
Ba arper8Te 592-98, B COCT8B KOToporo BXO)\JlT: QepBJlqB8J1 M8mBB8 C QepBJlKOM
ABaMeTpOM 250 MM, npBeMBLIii Tp8BCDopTep, BecoBoii TpaBCDopTep C BeC8MB Be-
DpepLIBBoro BaBemBB8BBJI, OXJlMBTeJlLB8J1 BaBB8, ODy)\pBB81O ee YCTpoiicTBO
B Bom. AB8J10rHq&LIi 8rperaT )\JlJI BarOTOBJleBBJI aarOTOBOK 060ABLIx neBT B ;D.H8-
IjIp8rM BbInYCK8eT IjIBpM8 « . BpB)\m».
TeXBlAeCKaJl X8paKTepHCTBK8 9TBX 8rper8TOB DPBBO)\BTCJI BBme:
ArperaT ArperaT
592-98 «!Il1PMbI
(.,n. BPHlIIIC>!
PaaMepH aaroTOBKIf, MM
NIJlBa (MaKCJIM8J1bBaJl). ..,
mupuBa . . . . . . ,. ."
3600
250
3000
438
BHCOTa ..........
CKOpOCTb B
aBJlHBaBBII, M/MHB
,IJ;JlHBa aOBM OXJIam.n;eHUH, )0(
mUpHBa TpaBCnOpTepBOii JIeBTH, )0(
,IJ;aBJIeHUe, MIla
BO.IJ:"bl
Boa.n;yxa .
Pacxo
, M3/'1
BO
H
Boa
yxa . . . . . . . . . . . .
061l{all MOIl{BOCTb 3J1eKTpo
Bl'aTeJIeii,
RBT . . . . . . . . . .
fa6apuTBHe paaMepH, )0(
.n;JlBHa . 52 600
DlBpHBa 3 100
BHCOTa ....... 2 250
Macca, T ....... 16,7
npecCLI )\JlJI BYJIK8BH
BH 060
BhIX JleBT. H8 COBpeMeBBYX aaBO)\aX 060)\Bye
JleBTLI BafOT8BJlHBalOT MeTO)\OM JlBTLJI nOA AaBJleBBeM. B CCCP AJlJI 9Toro npBMe-
BJleTCJI pyq8mBO-Mex8BlAeCKBii npecc 532043, COCTOJl
Bii Ba CT8BBBY, m;eR,
KpBBomBDBo-maTyBHoro MeX8BBaM8, Tp8Be, pCLt 'lepBJlq&oro peAYJ(Top8, no,«-
mBMHOrO MexaBBaMa, 60JlLmoii B M8J10H: TJlr, nopOBLIX nJlBT, npeAoxp8BBTeJlJl,
BItlT8J1KBB8TeJlJl, npecc-cIIopMbI. BL!T8J1KBBaTeJlL npBBOADTCJI B )\eH:CTBBe OT RYJl8Q-
ROB, p8CnOJlOateBHLIX Ba ay6q8TLIX ROJleCaX KpBBomBDBo-m8TYHBoro MeX8BBaM3.
IIpecc BMeeT TepMoperYJlJlTOp B KOMaB)\BLIH: 8nnapaT. TeXBB'leCK8J1 xap8RTepB-
CTBK8 npeCC8 npBBO)\BTCJI BBme:
120
1-12
12000
650
0,6-10
-10 000
600
0.2-0.3
0.4-0.6
6
20
15.6
7.5
51000
2000
2050
PaaMep BYJlRaHHayeMLIx 06o
HLlx JleBT . .12.00-20
PaaMep IJJI1IT, MM . . . . . . . . . . . . 814X814
MaKcuMaJIbBoe pacDopBoo YCBJIue, MH . 3,6
BHcOTa npecc-l)oPMH, MM . . . . . . . . 203-305
PaCCTOHHBe Mem.n;y TBraMD, MM . . . . . . . . " 980
Ilpo
oJlJRHTeJIbBocTb OTKpHBaHBH (aaKpHBaBWI) BYJl-
Ra&H3aTOpa, C ........ 30
MOll{BoCTb 3JIeRTpo.n;BBl'aTeJIII, RBT 17
fa6apHTHLle paaMepH, MM
JInBa . . . . . . . . . . .
mHpHBa .....
BHCOTa .............
Macca, T ....... . . . . . . .
2160
1325
2440
9.4
060)\BLIe JleBTLI 60JlLmerO p8aMep8, qeM 12,00-20, BarOTaBJlBB8IOT B8 60Jlee
MO
BL!X npecc8x HJlB CKJleBBaBBeM BpyqByro Ba 060)\8X C nocJle)\yro
eii BYJlK8-
BBaaD;Beii B KOTJl8X. B nOCJle)\BBe rO)\L! aa py6emoM B86J11O)\8eTCJI TeBAeBD;BJI
npOBaBO)\BTL 060)\BLIe JleBTL! B8 JlBTLeBLIX qepBJlqHO-nJlYHmepHLIX M8mBH8X
C MHoronoaBD;BOBBLIMB CTaBD;BJlMB.
npecchl )\JlJI BafOTOBJIeHBJI AB8cJ-pafM cJ-OPM8TOPOB-BYJIK8HBS8TOPOB. ,IJ;Ba-
p8rMLI BafOT8BJlHBalOT MeTO)\OM nJlYBmepBoro JlBTLJI no)\ )\8BJleBBeM Ba npeccax.
Ha aTBX npeccax DpOBaBOAJlTCJI CJle)\YIO
Be onepaD;BB: BL!)\8BJlBB8BBe peaBBLI
B cIIopMY (JlBTLe peSBHLI no)\ )\aBJleBBeM), BYJlK8BBa8D;BJI AU8c11P8rMLI, C'LeM ee
C Cep)\eqRBKa B BLIeMK8. Bce ODepaD;BB npOBaBO)\JlTCJI 8BTOMaTBqeCKH. Pa60Ta
npeCC8 nOKaaaB8 B8 pBC. 12.9. no KOHCTpyKD;BB npeCCLI )\JlJI )\B8c11P8rM 6LIB81OT
ROJlOBBLIe B p8MBLIe.
K 0 JI 0 B B LI H: n p e C C ,IJ;0-236 (pBC. 12.10) COCTOBT Ba ABYX KOJlOBB
4, CT8H1IBLI, BepXBeH: 6 B BBmBeii 1 Tp8Bepc B nJlTB rH)\p8BJlBqeCKBX D;BJlB1I,1I;pOB,
BB KOTOpLIX qeTLIpe (rJl8BBLIii, BBYTpeBBBii B AB8 BoaBp8TBLIX) YCT8BOBJleBLI B CTa-
BBBe, a O)\BB - B Tp8Bepce. rJl8BBLIH: nopmeBL p8cIBBBaeT YCBJlBe B 4 MH. BByrpB
439
CO)
.....
.. !. ,
!:!1':3
co::..
"1:(:3
j..::a
Q,="
&;a
.....=>&
..,co
«I !if:
......ai
Q, ::..
=
t:I 8
gj
:a .. Q,I:(..
S g.
g:
Ie I e I
a... o,,3"
CIS i! 1i
""
ia.!
;'
't
l j
II a; .. ..
. I:{ e..IU
= !io
II
i!oos
t:f "'!Ii ..
Q
" l oU
= ::;;0::
... III .....Q,!:
I
CIS
:0;
IZI
""
&
"
6
J
Puc. 12.10. KOJIOBBlili Dpecc AJISI BYJJKa&ua
1UI AualfjparM:
1 - DOIlBUJI<BIUI TPuepca; S - TenCCROIJD'ICCRBe coe.uBBemm 11M Dapa;
3 - orp8llClleBIIe; 4 - ROJlOBBH; 5 - I'BJIpOQIIJlIIIIJIP cePIlC'lHHKa; 6-
BepXIIRIi TPaBepca; 1 - BepXIIRlIlJOJlOBHHa Dpeec-i/IOPMH; 8 - cePlle'IHHK;
9 - RllllCRIIJI DOJlOBBHa Dpeec-i/lOPMH; 10 - rJlaBBD InIJIBIIJIP B eTa-
mma; 11 - TenCCKOIJD'ICCKUA rqpOQIIJlHHIIP: lS - JJJJYHII<ep.
rJlaBBOrO nopmBJI BMeeTCJI D;BJlB p C nopmBeM )\BYXCTopOBBero )\eii:cTBBJI. Ha
mTORe aToro nOpmBJla8KpenJlJleTCJla8mBMBoe KOJlLD;O, KOTopoe CBBM8eT )\B8 p8rMY
C CepAeqaBKa B MOMeBT onYCK8BBJI HBmBeii nOJly opMLI. ,IJ;B8 D;BJlBB)\P8 cJlymaT
JIJlJI nOA'L9Ma BBmHeii nJlBTL1 )\0 MOMeBT8, KOr)\8 peaBBOB8J1 a8rOTOBK8, B8XO)\JI-
m8J1CJI B aarpyaoqaoii: K8Mepe npecc- opMLI, ROCBeTCJI ee BepxBeii: nOJlOBBBLI.
qBJlBBAP ABoiiBoro AeiicTBBJI, YCTaHOBJleBBLIii B TpaBepce npeCC8, cJlymBT )\JlJI
nO)\'LeM8 B onYCK8BBJI Cep)\eqaBK8. npecc OCB eB BBABBB)\yaJlI>Boii: rB)\p8BJlB-
qecKoii YCT8BOBKOii C ABYMJI B8cocaMII: nopmBeBLIM BLICOKoro A8BJleBBJI C M8KCB-
M8J1I>BLIM )\8BJleBBeM 20 Mn8 B JlonaCTHLIM BBaRoro )\8BJleBBJI C A8BJleHHeM 5 Mn8.
,1\JlJI BYJlKaBHa8D;DB )\B8 p8rM 60Jll>mBX p8aMepOB BarOT8BJlHBaeTCJI npecc
,1\0-239 C YCBJlBeM 8 MH.
TeXBlAeCKBe X8paKTepBCTBKB KOJlOBBLIX npeCCOB ,IJ;0-236 B ,IJ;0-239 npBBO-
)\JlTCJI BBme:
npecc
.no-236
,Il;uac}ipar.Mbt K c}iopMaTopaM . . . . . . . . 2-100
BHcOTa npecc-4-opMH, M I ........500-0.900
PaCCTOJlBHe Me y nJIHTaMU, MM . . . .. 2100
PaCCTOJlBJIe Me) y KOJIOBBaMH, MM 1270
Xo nopmWl TpaBepCH, MM
rnaBHoro nnYEDKepa
cep e'lBHKa .....
aaJRHMBOrO KOJIb a . . .
YCBJlue, MH
Ba rJlaBHHii anYBmep
Ba nopmeBb Cep e'lBHKa
Ba nopmeBb aamHMBoro Konb a ...
MaKcHMaJIbBoe pa6o'lee ,!I;aBJIeBUe B r aB-
nH'lecKoii CHCTeMe, MIla
BHCOKoe . . . .
BuaKOO . . . . . . .
,Il;aBJIeBHe, MIla
rpeIO ero na a ..
oXJI8)I(,!I;aJO eu BO H
B03AYXa nJl 06 YBKU
r ponpHBo , JI/MHB
JIonaCTBoii Bacoc .
nopmaeBoH Bacoc
3JIeKTpO BHraTeJIb
MO BOCTb, KBT .....
'1aCTOTa BPanteHHII, 06/1r1BB
ra6apHTBHe pa3MepH, MM
JInBa .
mupHBa
BHCOTa
Macca, T
400
700
750
4
0,3
0.1
20
5
1.2
. 0.3-0,4
0.4
25/35
36
14; 20
1400
1800
1750
5960
22
npecc
.nO-239
2-200
3600
1500
250
950
1000
8
0,5
0,2
20
5
1,3
0,4
0.4
100/35
50
14; 20
1400
PaM B LI e n p e C C LI. T8KBe npeCCLI HarOT8BJlBB8IOTCJI a8 py6emoM BP-'
MaM1l «MaK-HeiiJlJ), «cI>peBcBc llioy» B «PenHKe». OBB BMelOT MeBLmBe r86apBTLI,
qeM ROJlOBBLIe npeCCLI, npH TOii: me MO BOCTH. BLlnycK810TCJI npeccLi ABYX paa-
MepOB: 900 X 36x30 AJlJI BYJlKaBBaaD;BH a p8rM)\U nOKpLImeR 8,25-20 B
900 X 36 X 500 )\JlJI BYJlKaBBa8D;BB )\B8 p8rM )\JlJI nOKpLImeR 14,00-28 B 15,00-
24. 068 Dpecca paaBBBaIOT YCBJIB9 4 MH. B OTJlB'U'l9 OT KOJlOBBLIX npeCCOB am
npeCCLI BMelOT no TPB D;BJlBH)\P8; 060rpeB OpM B Cep)\eqaBKa y BBX n8poBoii.
II p e C C-8 B T 0 K JI a B. ,1\JlJI BarOTOBJleBBJI )\Ba parM 60JlLmBX paaMepOB
cJlymBT CneD;B8J1I>BLIii: aBTORJl8B. B aTOM 8BTOKJl8Be BB3(BJIJI nOJlOBBB8 OpMLI
YCTaBOBJleB8 B8 CTOJle nJlyumep8, a BepXBJlJI YKpenJleB8 Ba KpLImKe KOTJla. 110-
CJlep;BJlJI CBBM8eTCJI TeJlL epOM. cI>OpMLI 060rpeBalOTCJI n8pOM, nO)\8B8eMLIM B KOTeJI
npeCC-8BTOKJlaB8. M8KCBM8J1LBOe YCBJlBe npeCC8 7 MH. BBYTpeHBBB: )\B8MeTp
ROTJla 1400 MM.
4ACTb TPETbfl
060PY AOBAHIliE npOlli3BOACTBA PE311iHOBbiX
TEXHIIi ECKIliX 1Ii3AEnlli
r 11 A B A 13
060PY,lJ.OBAHHE npOH3BO,lJ.CTBA TPAHCnOPTEPH blX
nEHT H nnOCKHX nPHBO,lJ.HbIX PEMHEIII
B a8BBCBMOCTB OT YCJlOBBii aKCDJlY8T8D;BB npBMeBJlIOT p8aJlB1UILie KOBCTPYKD;1UI
npBBO)\BLIX peMBeii B Tp8BcnoprepBLIx JleBT. HcnOJll>aOBaBBe BOBLIX M8TepB8J10B
B DpOBaBO)\CTBe DPBBO)\BLIX peMBeii II Tp8BCDoprepBLIX JleBT DpBBeJlO R coaAaBBIO
HOBLIX KOBCTpYKD;Bii arnx Ba)\eJlBH:. CT8JIO BoaMomBLIM BarOTaBJlBB8TL peMUB
C DpBMeBeBBeM cepAe1UlBKOB, apMBpOB8BBLIX CT8J1LBLIMB TpOC8MB. B B8CTOJl ee
BpeMJI TpaacnopTepBLIe JleBTLI, K8K np8BBJlO, BarOT8BJlBB81OT B8peaBLIMB, C pe-
aBBOBOH: 06KJla)\Koii. ,l(JlJI YCBJleUBJI Dp01Ul0CTB 60pT8 BCDoJll>aylOT pe3BBOBLIe
mBypLl, TK8BeBLIe 06epTKB B T.)\. ,l(JIJI yueJlBqeBBJI DPOqBOCTB CB1iaH peaBHLI
C TK8BeBLIM KapKaCOM YDOTpe6J1J1IOT p8apemeBBYIO 6peKepBYlO TK8BL.
13.1. 050PY AOBAHHE A11f1 nOArOTOBKH TKAHH
B npOH3BOACTBE TPAHCnOPTEPHblX 11EHT H PEMHEI1
XJlODq8T06YMaiRRLIe TKaBB ne06XO)\BMO BarpeTL B DpOCymBTL Depe)\ DpoM8a-
Koii Ba KaJl8B)\pe. CymK8 DpOOaBO)\BTCJI B cymBJlK8X C qBCJlOM B8rpeB8TeJlLBhlX
6ap868BOB OT 8 )\0 24. OnllC8BBe cymBJloK DpBBe)\eBO B rJl. 9. 06 0 TK8BL
CymBTCJI )\0 BJl8mBOCTB Be 60Jlee 1,5-2 %. BJl8mBocTL ODpe)\eJlJleTCJI aJleKTpO-
BJlarOMepOM.
B CBJlaB C mBpOKBM p8aBBTHeM npOBaBOAcTB8 npBBOABLIX peMBeii B Tp8BCDOp-
TepBLIX JleBT B8 OCHOBe TK8Beii oa CBBTeTB'leCKBX BOJlOKOB BOaBBKJla Be06xo)\BMOCTL
npoDBTKB BX C D;eJlLIO DOBbImeHBJI npO'lBOCTB CBJlaB TK8BB C peaBBOH:. )J;JlJI 9TOii
D;eJlB DpBMeBJlIOT 8rperaT )\JlJI nponHTKB B cymKB TK8Beii: Ba nOJlBaMB)\BLIX BOJlOKOB
AJIT-220, DO KOBCTPYKD;OB aU8J10rB1UIhIii npODBTOqBLIM 8rper8TaM, onBcaBBLIU
B rJl. 9.
He06xo)\BMOCTL cTa6BJlBaa BB YDpyrHx cBoiicTB TKaBeii Ha CBBTeTHqeCKHX
BOJIOKOR DPBBO)\BT e e K o)\Roii )\ODOJlBBTeJlLBOii ODepaD;BB - TepMBqeCKOH:
06p86oTKe Ba CDeD;B8J1LBLIX 8rperaTaX, KOBCTpyKD;BJI B TeXBOqeCK8J1 X8paKTepB-
CTBK8 KOTOpLIX T8Kme DpBBe)\eBLI B rJl. 9.
RpoMe DOJlBaMO)\ULIX TKaHeii B DpOHaBO)\CTBe JleUT B peMBeii Bce mBpe B8qB-
B810T npBMeBJlTL DOJlOa BpBLIe TK8BB, B8DpBMep Jl8BC8UOBLIe. 3TB TKaBB OTJlB-
qalOTCJI BbICOKOH: DPOqROCTLIO, CT86BJlLBLIMO ynpyroMo cBoiicTBaMB, BO Tpe6YlOT
)\ODOJlUO'feJlLBOii 06P860TKB DOBepxuOCTO )\JlJI DOBLImeBBJI 8AreaBOBBLIX CBoiiCTB.
,l(JlJI noii D;eJlB TKaBB DpOMaaLIB81OTCJI Ba mDpe)\OBr-M8moB8X KJleJlMB, BKJllOq8-
IOID;BMB B30D;B8uaTLI, BJIB 06pa68TLIBaIOTCJI, KaK H DOJlBaMO)\BLIe, MeTO)\OM npo-
DBTKH.
)I.JlJI 06p860TKO nOJlBaMB)\BLIX B DOJlBa OpBLIX TK8UeH: BHHHPTMAIII p8a-
pa60TaB8 JlBBBJI JInT -40-1800 (HB)\eI{C 592-116). JIBBBJI BKJlIOq8eT o60pY)\OBaBBe
443
)\JlJI DpODBTRB, CymKB U TepM006p860TKB TK8BB, 8B8J10rB1UI0e ODBC8BHOMY
BLIme, B 060PYAOB8BBe )\JlJI DOBTOpBOii DpODBTKB nOJlBa BpBLIX TR8Beii CDe-
D;B8JILBLIMH COCTaBaMB B BX CymKB. H8 JlBBBB Momuo 06P868TLIB8TL TK8BL mB-
pBBOii AO 1600 MM co CKOpOCTLIO OT 12 ;0,040 M/MBB. ra6apBTBLIe p8aMepLI JlBBBB
COCTaBJlJlIOT: )\JlBH8 - 115 M, mBpBU8 - 20 M, BLiCOTa - 14,5 M; Macca - OKOJlO
700 T. TIpoD;ecc DponBTKB DOJlBS BpBLIX TKaueii 60Jlee )\JlBTeJlbBLIH: B Tpe6yeT
60Jlee CJlOmBOrO 060Py;o,OB8BBJI.
,IJ;JlJI B8BeCeBBJI KJleJI B8 DOBepXBOCTI> JIaBC8BOBOii TKaBB BHHHPTMAID
p8ap860TaB 8rper8T )\JlJI npODBTKB MeTo;o,OM mDpe)\HBrOBaBBJI - AnJI-200 (BB-
)\eKC 592-95), B8 KOTOpOM 06pa68TLlB8eTcJI TK8BL mBpBBoii AO 2000 MM co CKo-
pOCTLIO OT 5 )\0 15 M/MBB.
B COCT8B 8rper8T8 BXO,tVIT p8CRaTO'lBo-aaKaT01UlLIe CT8BRB, RJleenpOMaaOqaaJl
M8mBB8 B CymBJlK8, B ROTOpoii CymK8 DpOBCXOABT DPB TeMDepaType )\0 120 °C.
060PYAoB8BBe BLIDOJlBeBO BO BapHB06eaon8cBoM BCDOJlBeBBB. ¥CT8BOBJleBBaa
MO OCTL aJleRTpO)\BBraTeJleH: 8rper8T8 COCT8BJlJleT 55 RBT, AJlBBa - 24,5 M,
M8CC8 - OKOJlO 30 T.
13.2. 050PYAOBAHHE AnH C50PKIo1 Y3KIo1X PEMHEA
nocnoAHo.3ABEPHYToA KOHCTPYK HIo1
CxeMa MamBBLI )\JlJI C60PKB peMBeii DocJloiiBo-aaBepBYToii ROBCTPYRD;BB
mBpBBoi ;0,0 60 MY DOK8aaH8 B8 pBC. 13.1. PYJlOB DpopeaBBeBBoi TROB DOCTY-
DaeT Ba paCR8T01Ul0e YCTpoiicTBO 1. 3;«ecL DPORJl8AOqBLlii XOJICT oTAeJIJleTCJlloT
A.x 5
-!<::tt
i" r
1
PDC. is.1. CXeM8 MaJDBBH NlIl cOopm yalUlX penel DOCJIoiiBo-aaBep&yTOi KOBCTp DII':
J - paCRaTO'IBOe YCTPOICTBO; S - HanpaBJIRro!Qllit B8J1Jf1(; 8, 4 - BBJlBKU; S - KaT}'DIJIB 11M 1Cp8110K; ,-
ymn'Ka; 1 - Kanu45poBO'IROe DpucuocolJneHBe; 8 - ,ay45mlp0Bo'lHlole B8J1KU; 9, 10 - B8np8BJJJlJOllllre POJIBKB;
1 J. - 8BKaTO'lRoe YCTJIOICTBO.
TR8BB B nOCTYJI8eT B8 aaR8TOqaOe npBcnoc06J1eBBe, 8 DpOMaa8BB8J1 TRaBI> nOA8eTca
B8 Banp8BJlJlIODJ,Bii B8J1BK 2 B, npOXO)\JI B8J1BKB a B 4, nO)\Bepr8eTCJI peaKe Ba DO-
JlOCLI ODpe)\eJleBBOii mBpBBLI. B8J1BK 3 DeeT C'LeMBYIO Py68mKY, OB JlBJIJleTCJI
YDOPOM )\JlJI Bom8, YKpenJleBBOro B ;o,epm8BKe. H8mBM Boma perYJlBPYeTCJI npy-
mBBoii B SKCD;eBTpBROM. nOCJle)\BBH: )\eiicTByeT B8 060iiMY )\epm8BKB. B aaBBCB-
MOCTB OT BymBoii mBpBBLI DOJlOC BLI6Bp8eTCJI KOJlB'leCTBO Bomeii B p8CCTOJlBBe
Mem;o,y 060iiM8MB )\epmaBOK. PacKpoeBBLIe DOJlOCLI DO;o,81OTCJI B YJlBTRB 6, rAe
npOBCXO)\BT BX CBOP8qBB8BHe. PaCCTOJlBBe OT B8JIBKOB 3 B 4 ;0,0 YJlBTOK Be06xo-
;o,BMO nO)\6Bp8TL T8K, qT06LI 06eCDeqBTL DJl8BBOe aaBepTLIBaBBe Kp8eB TKaBB.
)J;JlJI KamAoro p8SMep8 peMBJI YCTaB8BJlBB81OTCJI COOTBeTCTBYIO Be YJlBTKB. )]:JlJI
444
Toro tJT06LI
OpMOB8TL peMeBL T01Ul0ro K8J1B6pa, a8rOTOBR8 nponYCK8eTCJI qepe
K8J1B6pOB01Ul0e npBcnoc06J1eBBe, KOTopoe JlBJlJleTCJI CMeBBLIM (B a8BBCBMOCTB OT
KOB
BrYP8D;BB peMBJI). nocJle K8J1B6pOBKB peMeBL npOXO)\BT MemAY )\y6J1BPO-
BOqBLIMB B8J1R8MB 8. )]:aJlee no BanpaBJlJlIO
BM pOJlBRaM 9 B 10 peMeBL nO)\8eTCJI
B a8K8TOqBOe YCTpoiicTBO 11, a a8TeM B8 BYJlK8BBaaD;BIO. P860q8J1 CKOpOCTL )\BB-
meBBJI a8rOTOBKB peMBJI 50 M/MBH, MO
BOCTL 9J1eRTpOp;BBr8TeJlJl 8-10 KBT.
13.3. 050PYAOBAHHE Ami C50PKH H 05KJ1AAKH
TP AHcnOPTEPHblX J1EHT H PEMHEA HAPE3HOA KOHCTPYK
HH
nJlOCKBe npBBO)\BLIe peMBB B TpaBcnopTepBLIe JleBTLI B8peaBoii ROBCTPyRD;1IH
npep;CT8BJlJlIOT C060H: MBOrOcJloiiBLIe peaBBOTKaBeBLIe nJl8CTBBLI. PeaBBOTK8BeBaJl
nJl8CTBB8 (cepAeqBBK) MomeT 6LITL nOJlyqeBa npB )\y6J1BpOB8BBB pJl)\a npOKJlaAOK
O)\BOBpeMeBBO BJIB nYTeM nOCJloiiBoro B8J10meBBJI npOKJla)\OK. nepBLIii cnoco6-
B8XOABT mBpORoe npBMeBeBBe B a8Py6emBoM npOBaBO)\CTBe, BTOpoii - Ba OTe-
qeCTBeBBLIX aaBO)\aX PTH.
13.3.1. Ot5oPY AoaaHHe AnR Ct50PKH H ot5KnaAKH
cepAeLlHHKOB neHT, npHMeHReMoe sa pyt5e>KOM
B a8Py6emBoM npOBaBO)\CTBe onep8D;BB BenOCpe)\CTBeBBoro )\y6J1BpOBaBB1f
Cep)\e1UlBK8 OT)\eJleBLI OT onepaD;Bii nOArOTOBRB B 06P860TKB TK8BB. OCBOBBLIM
cnoc060M JlBJlJleTCJI C60PK8 Cep)\e1UlBK8 B8 ropBaOBT8J1LBLIX CTOJl8X Ba OT)\eJlLBLIX
PYJlOBOB nO)\rOTOBJleBBOii TK8BB, YCT8BOBJleBBLIX B8 p8CK8T01UlLIX CToiiK8X.
Hepe)\RO B8 aTOM 060PY)\OB8BBB npOBaBO)\BTCJI Be TOJILRO C60PK8 Cep)\e1UlBKa,
BO B B8J10meBBe B8 Bero peaBBOBLIX B8PymBLIx 06KJla)\OK B YCBJleBBe 60pTOB.
B ClliA
BpMa «ry)\pBq» npBMeBJleT CneD;B8JILBLte C60p01UlLIe MamBBLI,
BKJllOq81O
Be TPB B 60Jlee paCK8TO'lBLIX YCTpOH:CTB AJlJI npopeaBBeBBOH: TK8HB
B CTOJILI )\JlJI C60pKB. 0)\B8 Ba C60P01UlLIX MamBB BMeeT )\JlBBy)\O 39,6 M B mBpBBY
)\0 2,74 M. H8 M8mBBe MomBO BarOT8BJlBB8TL JleBTLI mBpUBoii AO 1830 MM C AB8--
MeTpOM PYJloa8AO 4000 MM B MaCCOH:)\o 23 T. MamBBa OCB
eB8 YCTpOH:CTBaMB )\JlJI
BenpepLiBBoro ROBTpOJlJl B paBBOMepBoro BaTJlmeBBJI npOKJla)\OR. TK8BL nO)\8eTCJI
aa C60POqBYIO M8mBBY, npe)\B8pBTeJlLBO T01Ul0 p8CKpOeBBaJl no mBpBBe )\BCRO-
BLIMB Bom8MB. T01Ul0CTL pea8 no mBpBBe B npe)\eJl8X Bcero PYJlOB8 B8 pea8TeJlL-
Boii M8mBBe 06eCneqBB8eTCJI 9J1eKTpOODTlAeCROi CBCTeMoii D;eBTpBpOB8BBJI TK8BB.
:3TO
y
ecTBeBBO YBeJlBqBB8eT npOBaBOp;BTeJlLBOCTL C60P01UlLiX MamBH H nOBLI-
maeT R8qeCTBO C60pKB.
H8 pBC. 13.2 nOK8a8B 06
Bii BB)\ YCT8BOBKB
BpMLI «BepcTOpM». "YCTa-
BOBKa npe)\BaaB8qeB8 AJlJI c60plm JleBT mBpBBoi )\0 1800 MM C )\BYXCTopoBBeii
peaBBoBoii 06KJl8)\KOH:. "Y CT8aOBKa COCTOBT BB P8CR8TOqBO-aaK8TOqBLIX CT8BKOB 1,
mBpBTeJlI>BOrO YCTpOH:CTBa 2, C60POqBOii M8mBBLI, COCTOJl
eH: Ba C60pBO-cB8pBoro
K8pKaC8 3, B8 KOTOpOM CMOBTBpOBaBLI meCTL O)\BBaKOBLIX ceKD;Bii C p8CKaT01UlLIMH
CT8BK8MB 4 )\JlJI npopeaBBeBBOH: TR8BB BJIB peaBBLI, YCTpoiicTBO 5 AJlJI a8K8TLI-
B8BBJI npOKJl8)\0'lBOrO XOJlCT8, YCTpoiicTBO 6 P;JlJI pOBBeBBJI RpOMOR B YCTpOH:CTBO 7
)\JlJI nOMepm8BBJI p8BBoMepBoro YCBJlBJI B8TJlmeBBJI npOKJla)\OK JleBTLI. B BBmBeii
q8CTB arperaT8 p8CnOJlOmeBLI )\Ba JleBT01UlLIX Tp8BcnopTep8 8 B 9. Tp8BcnopTep 8
CJlymBT AJlJI npe)\B8pBTeJlLBOrO Ay6J1BpOB8BBJI CJlOeB B nO)\8qB BX B OCBOBBLIe
)\y6J1BPYIO
Be B8J1KB 10. K8m)\aJl npOKJlaARa npBmBMaeTCJI K JleBTe Tp8BcnopTepa
8. Tp8BcnopTepoM 9 Cep)\eqBBK BoaBpa
aeTCJI K CT8BKY 1. nepe)\ B8J1KaMB 10
YCT8BOBJleBLI nJlOCKBe KJlBBOBB)\BLIe BomB 12 )\JlJI 06pea8BBJI KpOMOK BJIB npo-
)\OJlLBOH: peaKB CepAeqBBKa B BaJlKB 13 )\JlJI oT60p8 RpOMOK. 38 )\y6J1BPYIO
BMB
B8J1K8MB BaXO)\BTCJI pOJlLr8Br 14 C YCT8BOBKOH: 15 AJlJI onpLICKBB8BBJI nOBepXBOCTB
JleBTLI CBJlBKOBOBOH: CM8aKOH:.
445
ITpBBO)\ )\y6J1BPYIO
BX BaJlKOB, BaJlKOB )\JlJI oT60pa KpOMOK, npBBO)\HLIX
6apa6aHOB Tp8HcnopTepOB 8, 9 B Be)\
erO pOJlBKa pOJlLraBra ocy
eCTBJlJleTCJI
OT O)\HOrO 9J1eKTpO)\BBraTeJlJl.
YCTaHOBKa SaKaHqBB8eTCJI mBpBTeJlLHLIM YCTpoiicTBOM 2 B CTaHKOM 16
JlJI
aaKaTLIBaHBJI JleHTLI. B Depe)\Heii qaCTB YCTaHOBKB BMeeTCJI paCKaTOqaLIii CT8HOK 17
)\JlJI 06KJla)\KB HBmHeD CTOpOHLI Cep
eqaBKa peaBHoii. CKOpOCTL MamBHLI perYJlB-
PyeTCJI B Dpe)\eJlax OT 4 )\0 18 M/MBH.
Ha YCT8HOBKe MO;KBO co6BpaTL JleHTLI )\J1BHOD )\0 300 M. ,D;BaMeTp PYJlOH8
c06paHHoii JleHTLI )\OCTBr8eT 3200 MM, MaCC8 - OT 10 )\0 15 T. r86apBTHLIe p8a-
MepLI YCTaHOBKB: )\JlBHa 36,6 M, mBpBHa 6,8 M, BLICOTa 3,1 M. 06
aJl YCTaHOBJleH-
BaJl MO
BOCTL 9J1eKTpO)\BBraTeJleD - OKOJlO 90 KBT.
17
3
I
6 8
5 7 "
16
13
PDC. 13.2. 06
B
YCTaaoBKII !)DpMLI cBepcrop"dit AJlII c60pKII seHT:
1 - paCKaTO'lHO-SaKaTOqHHA CTaIlOK; 2 - yCTaROBKa 11M BNPaBRHBallllR CltllalIOK; 8 - KapKac: 4 - pacKa-
TOqHW CTaROK; S - YCTPOItCTBO IIJiR SaKaTIIIBUDIII npOKJlBlIOqHOrO xonCTa: ,- yCTpOlCTBO 11M POBBeIlBll
KPOMOK; 1 - YCTPOItCTBO aJiR nOllllepllCUDIII paBHOlllepRoro yellJIBR RaTRlICeH\III TKaRB; 8, 9 - JleII'1'O'IHHe TPaRC-
noprepN; 10 -lIy45napYIOII\Be BaJIBK8; 11 - npBIIClDOIolT ponRK; 12 - HOII<II; 18 - _811M oTCiopa KpoMOKl
14 - pOJlbraHr: 15 - YCTaROJlKa 11M onpNCKBBUDIII neRTlil; l' - saKaTO'I1Odt CTaROK; 11 - paCKaTO'IBIIDI
CTaROK IInR PCSBHN.
Y CTpODCTBO )\JlJI nOAAepmaHBJI DOCTOJlHHOrO YCBJlBJI BaTJlmeBBJI TK8HB
(pBC. 13.3) 06eCDeqBBaeT O)\BBaKOBOe HaTJlmeHBe KaK no )\JlBBe o)\Hoii npOKJla)\KB,
TaK B Op;BHaKOBoe B p8BBOMepHoe HaTJlmeHBe Bcex npOKJla)\OK B c06paHHoii JleHTe.
HaTJlmeBBe npOKJla)\OK MomeT DOAAepmBBaTLCJI 6J1BaKUM K HYJlIO. Y cTpoiicTBO
COCTOBT Ba DHeBMaTBqeCKOrO MeM6paBHoro )\aTqBK8 1, YCT8HOBJleHBOrO no)\ ODOpOD
npOMemYTOqaOrO pOJlBKa 2, BCDOJlHBTeJlLHOrO MexaHBaMa 3, Dpe)\CTaBJlJlIO
erO
C060D )\BCKOBLIii DBeBMaTUqeCKBD TopMoa, YCTaHOBJleBBLlii Ba mDBH)\eJle CTaHK8
,lXJlJI paSMOTKB TKaHB 4 (CM. pBC. 13.2). ,D;J1J1 6LIcTporo paCTopMamUB8BBJI PYJlOHa
C TKaBLIO YCTaHOBJleBLI pyqHOD 9 B aJleKTpOMarHBTHLIH: 10 KJlaDaHLI (c6poc BOa)\yx8).
RJlaDaH 10 ynp8BJlJleTCJI C D;eHTpam.Horo DYJlLTa.
ABTOMaTBqeCKOe DOAAepm8HBe a
aHHoro YCBJlBJI B8TJlmeHBJI ocy
eCTBJlJleTCJI
CJle)\YIO
BM 06paaoM. ITpu YBeJlUqeHBB YCBJlBJI BaTJlmeBBJI TKaHB BLIme aa)\aHHOrO
HarpyaK8 qepea onopy pOJlBKa Depe)\8eTCJI Ha ){eM6paHY 1];a"BKa, KOTOpLIH: YMeHL-
maeT )\8BJleHBe BOa)\yxa B DOJlOCTB D;BJlBH)\P8 TopMoa8, qTO npBBO)\BT K yMeBLme-
BBIO TopMoaHoro MOMeHTa Ba mDB
eJle p8CKaTOqHOrO CTaHKa B COOTBeTCTBeHHO
K YMeHLmeHBIO YCBJlBJI HaTJlmeHBJI TKaHB. ITpoKJla)\OqHLIii XOJlCT oT6BpaeTCJI
B PYJlOB. ITocTOJlHHOe YCBJlBe HaTJlmeHBJI XOJlCTa 06eCneQBBaeTCJI aJleKTpO
BBr8-
TeJIeM c perYJlBpyeMLIM MOMeBTOM Bpa
eHBJI. TaKBM 06p8aoM, HeCMOTpJl Ha Ba-
446
Toro qT06LI
OpMOBaTL peMeBL TOqaOrO KaJlB6pa, 8arOTOBKa npOnYCKaeTCR 4 qepea
KaJlB6pOBOqBOe npBCDOC06J1eHBe, KOTOpOe RBJlReTCR CMeHHLIM (B 8aBBCBMOCTB OT
KOH
BrypaD;BB peMBR). ITocJle KaJlB6pOBKB peMeHL npOXO
BT Me
y mr6J1BpO-
BOqHLIMB BaJlKaMB 8. ,D;aJlee DO HaDpaBJlRIO
BM pOJlBKaM 9 B 10 peMeH:& DOAaeTCR
B aaK8TOqHOe YCTPOHCTBO 11, a aaTeM Ha BYJlK8HBaaD;BlO. Pa60qaR CKOpOCT:&
BB-
meHBR 88rOTOBKB peMBR 50 M/MBH, MO
HOCTL aJleKTpO
BBraTeJlR 8"'7'"10 KBT.
13.3. 060PY AOBAHHE AMI C60PKH H 06KnAAKH
TP AHcnOPTEPHblX nEHT H PEMHEA HAPE3HOA KOHCTPYKl\HH
ITJlOCKBe DpBBOABLIe peMHB B TpaHcDopTepHLIe JleHTLI Bape8HoH KOHCTpyRD;BH
Dpe
CTaBJlRIOT C060B MHOrocJloiiBLIe peaBHOTK8HeBLIe nJlaCTBHLI. PeaBBoTK8HeB8J1
DJlaCTBHa (cepAeqHBK) MomeT 6LITL nOJlyqeHa DPB
y6J1BpOBaHBB pa,u;a npOKJI
OK
OABOBpeMeHHO BJIB DYTeM DocJloiiBoro HaJlOmeHBR npOKJI
OK. nepBLIB cDoc06
B8XO
BT mBpOKoe DpBMeBeHBe B aapy6emHoM DpOBaBO
CTBe, BTOpOB - Ha OTe-
qeCTBeBBLIX aaBo
ax PTH.
13.3.1. 06oPYAoBaHHe AMI C60PKH H 06KnaAKH
cepAeLlHHKOB neHT, npHMeHHeMoe sa Py6eHtOM
B aapy6emBoM DpoBaBo
cTBe oDepaD;1lB HeDocpe
cTBeHHoro Ay6J1BpoBaHBJI'
Cep
eqaBKa OT
eJleHLI OT oDepaD;BB Do
roToBKB B 06pa60TKB TKaHB. OCBOBHLIM
cDoc060M BBJlReTCR c60pKa Cep
eqaBKa H8 ropBaOHT8J1:&HLIX CTOJlaX Ba OT
eJl:&HLlx
PYJlOHOB Do
rOTOBJleBHOB m8D, yCTaHOBJleHHLIx Ha P8CK8TOqaLIX cToiiRax.
Hepe
Ko Ha aTOM 060pY
OBaHBB npOB8BOABTCR Be TOJl:&KO c60pKa Cep
eqaBKa,
HO B BaJlOmeHBe Ha Hero pe8BHOBLIX HapymHLIx 06KJla
OK B YCBJleHBe 60pTOB.
B CIDA
BpMa «ry
plA» DpBMeHBeT CDeD;BaJlLBLIe C60pOqaLIe MamBHLI,
BKJllOqalO
Be TPB B 60Jlee paCKaTOqaLIX YCTPOBCTB
JlR DpopeaBBeHHOB TKaBB
B CTOJILI AJIR C60pKB. OAHa Ba C60POqHLIX MamBH BMeeT
JlBHY
o 39,6 M B mBpBHY
AO 2,74 M. Ha MamBHe MomBO BafOTaBJlBBaT:& JleHTLI mBpBHoB AO 1830 MM C ABa.-
MeTpOM PYJloaa AO 4000 MM B MaCCOH AO 23 T. MamBH8 OCBa
eHa YCTPOBCTB8MB AJIR
HeDpepLIBBoro KOHTpOJlR B p8BHOMepHoro HaTRmeHBR DpOKJlaAOK. TK8H:& Do
aeTCR
Ha c60poqaylO MamBHY, Dpe
BapBTeJlLHO TOqHO paCKpoeHHaR DO mBpBHe ABCKO-
BLIMB HomaMB. TOqHOCT:& peaa DO mBpBHe B npeAeJlax Bcero PYJlOHa Ha- pe8aTeJlL-
BOB MamBHe 06ecDequBaeTcR aJleKTpOODTlAeCKOB cBcTeMoB D;eHTpBpoBaHBR TKaBB.
_ 3TO c
ecTBeHHo YBeJlIABBaeT DpOB8BOABTeJl:&HoCTI> C60POqaLIX MamBH B DOBLI-
maeT KaqeCTBO C60pKB.
Ha pBC. 13.2 DOK8aaH 06
BB BBA YCTaHOBKB
BpM:&l «BepCTOp
». YCTa-
HOBKa DpeAHaaHaqeHa AJIR C60PKB JleHT mBpBHoB AO 1800 MM C ABYXcTopoBBeH
peaBHoBoH 06KJl8AKOH. Y CTaHOBKa COCTOBT B8 paCKaTOqHO-aaKaTOqaLIX CTaHKOB 1,
mBpBTeJlLHOrO YCTpoHcTBa 2, C60POqHOH M8mBHLI, cocTo
eB Ba C60pHo-cBapHoro
KapKaca 3, Ha KOTOpOM CMOHTBpOBaBLI meCTL 0ABH8KOBLIX ceKD;BB C paCKaTOqaLIMB
CTaHKaMB 4 AJIR DpopeaBHeHHoB TKaHB BJIB peaBHLI, YCTPOHCTBO 5 AJIR aaKaTLI-
BaHBJI DpOKJlaAOqaOrO XOJlCT8, YCTPOHCTBO 6
JlR pOBHeHBR KpOMOK B YCTPOHCTBO 7
AJIR DOAAepmaHBR paBHOMepHoro YCBJlBR BaTRmeHBR DpOKJlaAOK JleHTLI. B HBmHeB
qaCTB arperaTa paCDOJlOmeHLI ABa JleHTOqaLIX TpaBcDopTepa 8 B 9. TpaHCDOpTep 8
CJlymBT AJIR DpeABapBTeJl:&Horo Ay6J1BpOBaHBR CJlOeB B DOAaqB BX B OCHOBHLle
Ay6J1BPYIO
Be B8J1KB 10. RamA8J1 DpOKJlaAKa DpBmBMaeTCR K JleHTe TpaHCDopTep8
8. Tp8HcDopTepoM 9 CepAeqHBK BoaBp8
aeTcR K CTaHKY 1. ITepe
BaJlKaMB 10
YCTaHOBJleHLI DJlOCKBe KJlBHOB
BLIe HomB 12 AJIR 06peaaHBR KpOMOK BJIB DpO-
AOJlLHOB peaKB CepAeqaBKa B B8J1KB 13 AJIR oT60pa KpOMOK. 3a Ay6J1BPYIO
BMB
BaJlKaMB HaxoABTCR pOJlLr8Hr 14 C YCTaHoBKoB 15
JlR onpLIcKBBaHBB DOBepXHOCTB
JleBTLI CBJlBKOHOBOB cMaaKoB.
445
ITpBBOA Ay6J1BPYIO
BX BaJlKOB, BaJlKOB AJlJI OT60p8 KpOMOK, npBBOAHLIX
6apa68BOB TpaHcnOp'lepOB 8, 9 B BeA
ero pOJlBKa pOJlLraHr8 ocy
eCTBJlJleTCJI
OT OAHoro aJleKTpOABRr8TeJlJl.
'YCT8BoBKa aaKaaqBBaeTCJI IDBpBTeJlLHLIM YCTPOHCTBOM 2 B CTaHKOM 16 AJlJI
aaKaTLIBaHBJI JleBTLI. B nepeAHeii qaCTB YCTaBOBKB BMeeTCJI paCKaTOqHLlH CTaHOK 17
JlJI 06KJl8AKB BBmHeii CTOpOBLI CepAeqHRKa peaBHoH. CKOpOCTI) MaIDBBLI perYJlB-
PyeTCJI B npeAeJl8X OT 4
o 18 M/MBH.
Ha YCT8BOBKe MomBO c06BpaTL JleBTLI AJlBBOii AO 300 M. ,IJ;B8MeTp PYJlOHa
c06paHHoii JleBTLI AOCTRraeT 3200 MM) MaCC8 - OT 10 AO 15 T. r86apBTBLIe pa8-
MepLI YCTaHOBKB: AJlBHa 36,6 )I, mBpBH8 6,8 M, BLICOTa 3,1 M. 06
aJl YCT8BOBJleH-
BaJl MO
HOCTL aJleKTpOABBraTeJleH - OKOJlO 90 KBT.
2
17
I
6 8
5 7 4
15 lit 2 16
11
13
PBC. 13.2. 06
BUA YCTaaoBKII IlillpMLI cBepcTOp"lIit
JlII c60pRB JleIlT:
1 - paCK8TO'lRQ-aaK8TOQHHA CT880K; 2 - yCTaHOBK8 11M BNPaBHBB8HHII ClUJalIOK; 8 - K8pKac; 4 - P8CK8-
TOQHHA CTaHOK; 5 - YCTpOItCTBO J\JIJI aaKa1'l>lB8HIIJI npOKJIalIO'IROro XOJlCT8; 6 - YCTpolCTBO 11M pOBHeHllJt
KpOMOK; 1 - YCTpOACTBO anll DOMepIlC81D111 p8BHolllepHoro yellJlllll RaTlIlICellBll TKaRB: 8, 9 - JleBTO'IIIWe TpaHC-
UOPTePN; 10 - lIy45nRPYlOlI\Be B8J1BRB; 11 - npllllCll1llHOIT PMBK; 12 - 8011<8; 18 - BIUIKB 11M OTlloP8 KPOMOK;
14 - pom.r8f1J'; 15 - YCTaHOJlK8 11M OnpNCKRB8HIIJI JleHTIoI; 16 - SaKaTOQllW1t CTaHOK; 11 - paCKaTO'IHHA
CT8ROK 11M peal'J1fH.
'Y CTpOHCTBO
JlJI nOAAepmaHBJI nOCTOJlHHOrO YCBJlBJI HaTJlmeHBJI TKaHB
- (pBC. 13.3) 06eCneqBBaeT OABBaKOBoe HaTJlmeHUe K8K no
JlBHe OAHOH npOKJlaAKB.
'faK B 0
BH8KOBoe B paBHOMepHoe HaTJlmeHBe Bcex npOKJlaAOK B c06paHHoH JleBTe.
HaTJlmeHBe npOKJlaAOK MomeT nOAAepmHBaTLCJI 6J1BaKBM K HYJlIO. 'Y CTPOHCTBO
COCTOBT Ba nHeBMaTlAeCKOrO MeM6p8HHoro AaTqUK8 1, YCTaHOBJleHHOrO DOA onopoii
npOMemYTOqHOrO pOJlBKa 2, BCDOJlHBTeJlLBOrO MexaHHaMa 3, npeACTaBJlJlIO
ero
c060ii ABCKOBLIii nHeBMaTlAeCKBH TopMoa, YCT8HOBJleBHLIii Ba IDDBHAeJle CTaBKa
J1J1 pa8MOTKB TK8BB 4 (CM. pBC. 13.2). ,D;J1J1 6L1CTpOrO p8CTopMamBBaHBJI PYJlOHa
C TKaHLIO YCTaHOBJleHLI pyqaoii 9 B aJleKTpoM8rBuTHLIii 10 KJlan8BLI (c6poc BoaAyxa).
RJl8naH 10 YDpaBJlJleTCJI C D;eHTpaJlLBOI'O nYJlLT8.
ABTOMaTlAeCKOe nOMepmaHBe aaAaHBoro YCBJlBJI n8TJlmeBBJI ocy
eCTBJlJleTCJI
CJleAYIO
BM 06paaoM. ITpB YBeJlBqeHBB YCHJlHJI H8TJlmeHBJI TK8BB BLIme a8AaHHoro
H8rpyaKa qepea onopy pOJlBKa nepeAaeTCJI Ha Mel\16p8HY AaTqBKa, KOTOpLIii YMeHL-
m8eT AaBJleHBe BoaAyxa B DOJlOCTB D;HJIBBApa TopMoaa, qTO DpBBOABT K YMeHLme-
BBIO TopMoaHoro MOMeBTa Ha IDDBH)\eJle paCKaTOqHOrO CTaHKa B COOTBeTCTBeBBO
K YMeHLmeHBIO yCBJlBJI HaTJlmeBBJI TKaBB. ITpoKJlaAOqHLIii XOJlCT oT6BpaeTCJI
B PYJlOH. ITocToJIBHoe yCBJlBe HaTJlmeHBJI XOJlCT8 06eCneqBBaeTCJI aJleKTpO
BBr8-
Te
eM c perYJlBpyeMLIM MOMeHTOM Bpa
eHBJI. TaKBM 06paaoM, HeCMOTpJl Ha B8-
446
MeHeHBe MOMeHTa CODpOTBBJleHBJI, BLIaBaUBOe YMeHbmeBBeM pa BYca PYJlOBa
IIJlB HepaBHOMepHOB a1J;realleB peaBBLI K XOJlCTY DO AJlBHe, YCBJlBe HaTJlmeHBJI
TKaBB nOAAepmBBaeTCJI DOCTOJlBHLlM.
YCTpOBCTBO AJlJI pOBHeHBJI KpOMKB TKaUB (pIIC. 13.4) BKJlJQqaeT OTOaJleKTpH-
qeCKBB AaTqBK J(, YCBJlBTeJlb Y II BCDOJlHBTeJlbHLlB MeXaHBaM HM. $oTOaJleKTpB-
qeCKBB aT1lBK COCTOBT 118 BYX oCBeTBTeJleD: 1, 2 (9J16KTpnecKllx JlaMDOqeK)
It '0
PIIC. 13.3. np BDllan:bBali cxeMa YCTpoBcTBa AJlII DOp,Aepma&llB DOCTOJDIBOro UaTmKeBKa
THUR:
1 - 1I8T'IBR; 2 - DpOMellCyTO'IHYA pMBR; 8 - UCnMHBTeJJIoHYA lIeXaBH3M; 4 - cIIunJoTP: 5 - sanopmdt Kp8H:
6, 'I -IIPOecena; 8 - perYJIJlTOp; 9,10 - pyqaoA B 8JJeKTPOMat'IIBTHIoIIi ManaR; 11,12 - JlaROMeTPN.
B BYX OTOaJleMeHTOB 3, 4, BMelO IIX 06 BH JlqeBCTLIii OTpamaTeJlb 5. B KaqeCTBe
OT09J1eMeHTOB DpBMeHeHLI CODpOTBBJleHBJI. ,D;aT1lBK 8aKpeDJleH Ha KpoHIDTeiiBe 6
B DPB DOMO B BBKTa 7 MomeT DepeMelI\aTbCJI DepneHABKYJlJlpBO HanpaBJleHBIO 1J;BII-
meHIIJI TKaHB. Y CBJlBTeJlb CJlymBT AJlJI YCBJleBBJI TOKa OTOaJleMeHTOB B ynpaBJleBBJI
BCnOJlHBTeJlbHLIM MexaHBaMOM DpB nOMO B peJleiiBLix YDpaBJlJlIO BX KOHTaKTOB
8 B 9.
,D;JlJI COBMe eBBJI KpOMOK TKaHB Bcex c06BpaeMLIx DpOKJI OK AaTqBKB YCTa-
HaBJlBBalOTCJI B 01J;HOM B TOM me DOJlOmeBBB, ODpe1J;eJlJleMOM mBpBBOH TKaHB.
ITpB OTKJlOHeHBB KpOMKB TKaHB OT aa1J;aBHOrO nOJlOmeBBJI B CTOPOHY «OT AaTqBKa»
aaCBeqBBaeTCJI OTOaJleMeHT 3 B BKJllOqaeTCJI ynpaBJlJlIO BB KOHTaKT 8. n pB 3TOr.1
447
...,
"..
i
! I
- ,
i
d
al
i
";g
e:!
'I:!
<:>1=:
"'0
..5
::
;1
fii::!!
i"
I
5::
&
I
I
...
.:,:-
e
fii",
1111:(
1111
II::(
to.
;
!e..
..
III o=-
III
.,
as ,'"
is ...t
III ..
i I
"'
/I: :Ii'"
'" ..
II:
fo
III 01:1
= 1 111
=
!
1II1i
as fa"
il
· IO!...
II: .....
:i !ii
g 1!5
lot :.:
,
":1
o
t' ij::
r
..s: :J I
0 I
. I..
.. ":
j;I., ....
......
Mycf>T8 COeABHJleT mKBB 11 C XOAOBLIM BBHTOM, B cToHKa C PYJlOHOM DepeMe
8eTCJI
B 06paTHYIO CTOPOBY AO Tex DOP, DOK8 TK8Hb He DepeKpoeT Jlyq CBeTa, saCBequ-
BalO
BH cf>oT03J1eMeHT 3, 8 MYellTa He p8a'LeABBBT mKBB 11 B XOAOBOH BBHT. ITpll
OTKJlOBeHBB KpOMKB TK8BB OT aaAaBBoro DOJlOmeBBJI B 1J;pyrylO CTOPOHY, K «1J;aT-
qBKy», aaTeMBJleTCJI eIIoT03J1eMeHT 4 B BKJlIOq8eTCJI YDpaBJlJlIO
BH KOBTaKT 9.
npB 3TOM C XOAOBLIM BBBTOM COeABBJleTCJI mKBB 12, B CTOHKa C PYJlOBOM BoaBpa-
8eTCJI B DpemHee DOJlOmeBBe.
HaTJlmeHBe p8CK8TLIBaeMoro pYJlOBa TKaBB 06eCDeqBB8eTCJI eIIpBKD;BOHBLIM
TopMoaOM.
,IJ;J1J1 C60PKB CepAeqHBKOB JleHT mBpBHoH AO 1600 MM B 1.ICCP BCDoJlbayeTcJI
JIBHBJI, DOKaaaHBaJl Ha pBC. 13.5.
JIBBBJI BKJllOqaeT DBTaTeJlb 1, COCTOJl
Bii Ba meCTB ceKD;BH co cToHKaMB 2
B 3 AJlJI p8aM8TLIB8HBJI DpopeaBHeHBoH TKaHB B aaMaTLIBaHBJI DpOKJl8AOqBOrO
XOJlCT8, Ay6J1BPYIO
BH K8J18HAP 4 B aaKaTOqHLlH CTaBOK 5 C YCTPODCTBOM AJlJI p8a-
MaTbIBaHBJI DpOKJlaAOqBOrO XOJlCTa 6. CTOHKB AJlJI DpopeaBHeHBoD TKaHB yCTa-
HOBJleHLI Ba DJlOm;aAKe C KaTKaMB B MorYT BLiABBraTbCJI Ba DBTaTeJlJl. ORB JlBJlJlIOTCJI
1
3
G
PDC. 13.5. JIBBHII Will C60PKU CepAe'IBHKOB TpaaCDOpTepBHX neRT IDBpBBOii: AO 1600 101:
1 - nHTaTeJl..; 2 - croltKa 1IJ111 paSMaTblllaHUII TKaRH; 3 - croltKa 11M aaMaTblllaRHII npOlUJallOqHoro XOJlCTa;
4 - lIy6nnpYIOUVlIt K3JIaHlIP; 5 - SaKaTOqHNIT CTaHOK 1IJ111 cePlIe'IHHKa; 6 - pacRllTO'lR1d CTaHOK 11M npo-
KJJallOqHoro xonCTa.
CBJlaYIO
BM aBeBOM MemAY KaJl8HAPOM AJlJI 06peaBHBBaHBJI TK8HB B JlOHBeD.
Ha JlBHBB Ay6J1BPYIOTCJI meCTBCJlOHBLIe CepAeUBKB. ,IJ;y6J1BpYIOID,Be BaJlKB cHa6-
meHLI pOTaD;BOBBLIMB HOmaMB, KOTOpLie DPB Ay6J1BpoBaHBB npOKJlaAOK 06pe-
aalOT KpOMKB.
,D;JlJI paapeaaHWI cAy6J1BpoBaHBOrO CepAeqBBKa Ha yaKBe aarOTOBKB DpeA-
YCMOTpeHLI DJlOCKBe KJlBBOBLIe BomB. Ha JlBHBB npeAycMaTpBBalOTCJI KOHTpOJlb
B perYJlBpOBaHBe pa60qero A8BJleHBJI Ay6J1BpOBaHBJI, CKOpOCTB B aaaop8 Me
y6J1BPYIOm;BMB BaJlKaMB.
TeXHlAeCKaJl xap8KTepBCTBKa JlBHBB DpBBeAeHa HBme:
PaaMep CepAe'lRHKa
mupURa, MM . . . . . . . . . . . .
AJIBRa, M . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TO
HBa, MM . . . . . . . . . . . .
IIpou3BOAllTeJlbROCTb no Cep
e'IBBKY, M2/'1 . .
HCJIeBBOCTb 06cJlymHB8.lO
ero nepCORaJla, '1en.
CKOpOCTb C60PKU, M/MBH . .
YCBJIue Ay6nupoBaRWI, RH/fol
fa6apHTBHe paaMepH, MM
AnuRa .
mupURa
BHCOTa . . . . . . .
1600
200
35
175
3-4
10-30
10-45
17000
4500
2500
06KJla1J;K8 Cep1J;eqHBKOB peaBHoH DpoBaBOABTCJI Ha »;pyroD JlBHBII.
29 3aKa8 163
449
HBi-Ke npBBeAeBa TeXBBqeCKaJl XapaKTepBCTBKa 3TOii JlBHBB:
illupHBa JIeBT, MM ..............
TOJI
UHa, MM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IIpoHaBo
RreJIbHOCTb, M/'1 . . . . . . . . . . .
qUCJIenBOCTb 06CJIymuBalOlUero nepCOBaJl8, '1eJl.
CKOpOCTb 06KJI
Kl1, M/MHH . . . . . . .
YCHJIUe
y6J1HpOBaHUII, !(H/M. . . . . .
ra6apHTHHe paaMepH, MM
JIHBa .
mllpHH8 ..............
BblCOTa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1600
20
200
3
5-15
3O
12000
7300
2500
Ha J1BBHH MOiKHO 06KJl8ALlB8TL oABoBpeMeHBo no AB8 CepAeqBBK8 mHpBHOll
400, 500 B 650 M}J C YCHJleBOeM 60pTa peaBHOBLIMB mHypaMB. ,D;JlJI 3Toro HeDocpeA-
CTBeHHO nOA J\y6J1BPYIO
HMB BaJlKaMB K8J1aBApa CMOHTHpOBaBLI rOJlOBKB mDpHD;-
MamHBLI. BaJlKB IIMeIOT CDeD;BaJlI>BYIO KOHCTPYKD;IIIO. Ha BepXBeM BaJlKe BhI-
DOJlHeHLI KOJlLD;eBLIe K8HaBKB. BHYTpB BIli-KBerO B8J1Ka IIMeeTCJI BIIHT C M8XOBBKOl\1
AJlJI YCTaHOBKB KapeTKB C BOi-KOM H8 mBpBHY JleHTLI. K 60pTaM CepAeqHBK8 Ba
rOJlOBOK mDpBD;-M8mBHLI DOAalOTCJI peaBBOBLIe mBypLi. HOi-KB a8rll681OT K CepAeq-
BBKY KpOMKB 06KJlaAOK B Ay6J1BpyIOT BX K mHypaM BMeCTe C nOCJleAHBMB K cep-
eqaBKY. HaJlBmKB peaOHLI cpea8IOTCJI.
,IJ;J1J1 06KJlaAKH CepAeqHBKa Ba a8BOAe BTaJlLJlHCKOH cIIBpMLI «(nBpeJlJlB) oc-
nOJlLayeTcJI qeTLlpeXB8J1KoBLIH KaJlaBAP. BopTa CepAeqHIIK8 YCBJlBBalOTCJI n-06-
paaHLIM peallHOBLIM npocllBJleM, KOTOpLiH DpeAB8pBTeJlLHO mnpBD;yeTCJI Ha qep-
BJlqHOM npecce B nOAaeTCJI Ba npOTBBHJlX. npocllllJlB BpyqHYIO aaKJlaJ\LIBaIOTCJI
nOA BepXHlO1O B HB)KBIOIO 06KJlaAKB, Kp8J1 KOTOpLIX a8TeM pOBBO 06pea8lOTcJI.
13.3.2. 06oPYAoBaHHe AnH C60PKH cepAe4HHKOB neHT,
npHMeHHeMoe B OTe4eCTBeHHOM npOHSBOACTBe
Ha OTeqeCTBeHHLIX aaBoAax PTH AO 50-x rOAOB DpBMeHJlJlBCL C60pOqHLle
M8mllBLI CBCTeMLI ,IJ;06pymKIIHa. C60PKY cepJ\eqBBKa DpOBaBO
BJlB p8aMaTLIB8HBeM
C HeCKOJlLKOX paCK8TOqBLIX CT8BKOB npopeaBBeHBoii TKaBB B AYUJlBpOBaBBeM ee
BaJlK8MB. Bce ODepaD;BB DO BLipaBHBB8HBIO CKJlaAOK B pOBHeHBIO KpOMOK DpOBa-
BOABJlBCI> BpyquylO Ha CTOJle. PeMHeBaJi nJlaCTBBa nepe
aaM8TLlBaBBeM B PYJlOH
Ha a8KaTOqBOM CT8HKe onYAPBBaJlaCL TaJlI>KOM. Ha-aa 60Jll>moro 06'LeMa pyqHLIX
TpYAoeMKBX onepaD;Bii npOBaBOABTeJlLBOCTI> 060PYAOBaBHJI 6LIJla OqeHL HBaKoii.
B 1950 r. E. H. qBi-KOB npeAJlOi-KBJI BOBLIH cDoc06 Ay6J1BpOBaBBJI B KOH-
CTPYKD;OIO MamBHLI AJlJI ero ocy
eCTBJleBBJI. 3TOT cDoc06 COCTOBT B TOM, 1JT0 TKaHL
npB BLlxoAe Ba KaJlaHApa nOAaeTCJI HenocpeACTBeHHO Ha Ay6J1BPOBOqHYIO MamBHY,
06eCDeqOBalO
YIO qepea CBCTeMY aaMKHYTLIX Tp8BCDopTepOB MBOrOKpaTBoe
npOXOi-KAeHBe ee qepea Ay6J1BpYIO
Be BaJlKB B Ay6J1BpOBaHBe
O Tpe6yeMoro I(Q-
.lIBqeCTB8 CJIOeB.
HOBLIH CDoc06 C60PKB 6LIJI nOJlOi-KeH B OCHOBY KOHCTPYKD;BB Bcex c60poq&LlX
MamBB, pa60T81O
BX Ba aaBOAax PTH. npB 3TOM DpOD;ecc npopeaBHBBaHBJI TKa-
Beii 06'LeAIIBJlJlCJI CO C60pKOH Cep
eqBBKa.
Ha pOCo 13.6 nOKaaaH 06
Bii BB
Ay6J1ep8 C JleBTOqHLIMB TpaBCDopTepaMII
(BHAeKc HBO-1410). B nepeAHeii qaCTB MamBHLI yCTaBoBJleBLI Ay6J1BPYIOIII;Be 1
B DpOTaCKIIBalO
Be 2 B8J1KB. ,D;aBJleHlle Ay6J1BpOB8HBJI 06eCneqBB8eTCJI B perYJlB-
PyeTCJI CBJlOBLIMB DpYi-KBBaMB. HBi-KBBH BaJlOK OXBaTLIBaeT JleBTa BepXHero
Tp8HcnopTepa 3. Mei-KAY HBi-KHBM Tp8BCDopTepOM 5, KOHeD; KOToporo DOAXOABT
nOA Blli-KHBH BaJlOK, BpaIIl;aeTCJI cpeAHBH Tp8HCDopTep 4. H8TJli-KeBBe JleHT Tp8BCDOp-
TepOB ocy
eCTBJlJleTCJI DepeMeIIl;eHBeM HaTJli-KBLIX 68pa68HoB BBHTftMB. ITepeA8Qa
CepAeQBBKa C OAHoro TpaHCDopTepa Ha APyroii 06eCDeQBB8eTCJI DOBOpOTBLIMH
68pa6aHaMB 6 B 7. ,D;JlJI D;eHTpBpOBaHBJI CepAeQBIIKa B BepxHeii QaCTB MamBHLI
450
YCTaHOBJleBLI BepTBKaJlbBLIe OrpaBBqBTeJlbBLIe pOJlBKB, KOTOpLIe MOrYT DepeMe-
aTbCJI Ba aaAaHBYIO mBpHBY. Ha 60Jlee yaKBe DOJlOCLI CepAeqBBK MOmHO paape-
aaTb DJlOCKBMH KJlBBOBLIMB BomaMB 16. ITocJle C60PKB CepAeqHHKa KOJlbD;O paape-
aaeTCJI B KOHen; DOAaeTCJI Ba aaKaTOqHLlii CTaHOK.
MamBHa ODBcaHBOH KOHCTPYKD;BB C He60JlbWBMB KOHCTPYKTBBHLIMB HaMe-
HeHBJlMH 3KCDJlyaTBpyeTCJI Ha aaBOAax PTH. CJleAyeT OTMeTBTb, qTO aaDpaBKa
nepBoii DpOKJl8)\KB B MamBBY JlBJlJleTCJI ODepaD;Beii TPYAoeMKOH B Be6eaODaCHoii
.)\J1J1 pa60qero.
,IJ;y6J1BPOBOqHLle MamBHLI C aaDpaBOqBLlMB TpaBCDopTepaMH DPB 1];JlBHe
eepAeqBBKa 95 M aaHBMalOT B D;exe 60JlbmyIO DJlom,aAb (AJlBBa MamBBLI - OKOJlO
27 M).
Ha pBC. 13.7 DOKaaaBa cxeMa Ay6J1epa C BepTBKaJlbHLIM paCDOJlOmeHBeM
DOBOpOTBLIX 6apa6aBoB. OAHO Ba 1];OCTOBBCTB MamBHLI - ee KOMDaKTHOCTb. ,IJ;y-
<OJlBpOBOUaJl MamHHa C BepTBKaJlbBLIM paCDOJlOmeHBeM nOBopOTBLIX 6apa6aHoB
aaBBMaeT DJlO
aAb B 3-4 paaa MeHbmylO, qeM MamBBLI C rOpBaOBTaJlbHLIM paCDO-
JIOmeBBeM 6apa6aBoB. Cy
eCTBeBHLIM HeAOCTaTKOM KOHCTPYKD;BB JlBJlJleTCJI MaJlLIH
ABaMeTp DOBOpOTHLIX 6apa6aHoB, 'l.TO DPB 60JlbmOM BX KOJlBqeCTBe qaCTO CJlymBT
nplAHBOH paCCJlOeBBJI MHOrOCJlOHHLlX CepAeqHBKOB npB c60pKe; BarOTOBJleHBe
CepAeqHBKOB Ba CHHTeTBqeCKBX TKaHeH DPB 3TOM npaKTBqeCKB HeBoaMomHO.
Ha pBC. 13.8 DOKaaaHa cxeMa CBCTeMLI D;eBTpHpOBaBBJI TKaBB DepeA BXOAOM
B Ay6J1BpYIO
Be 6apa6aHLI. B CHCTeMY BXOABT KapeTKa 1 C HaDpaBJlJlIO
BMB
pOJlBKaMB, DHeBMaTBqeCKHH AaTqBK 2, DpBBOA, COCTOJl
BB Ba rBAPOD;BJlBHApa 3
ABaMeTpOM 100 MM, MeM6paHHoro YCBJlBTeJlJl 4 B aOJlOTHBKOBoro paCDpeAeJlBTeJlJl
5. IToAaqa BoaAyxa B 1];aTqBK 2 B AaTqBK cpeABero DOJlOmeHBJI 7 oc
eCTBJlJleTCJI
qepea 9J1eKTpoYDpaBJlJleMLIH KJlaDaH 6. B AaTqBKB BoaAYx nOAaeTCJI 1];aBJleHBeM
0,02-0,04 MITa qepea
BJlbTp 8. r
pODpBBOA DBTaeTCJI OT HaCOCHOB YCTaHOBKB
MCA-125, AaBJleHBe MaCJla B rHAPOCBCTeMe - 1];0 1,3 Mna. PerYJlBpYIO
BH opraB
BLlDOJlBeH B BHAe KapeTKB C pOJlHKaMB, YCTaHOBJleBBOB Me
y BaTJlmBLIM KOMneB-
caTopOM B Ay6J1BPYIO
BMH 6apa6aBaMB Ba paCCTOJlHBB OKOJlO 1300 MM OT DOCJle1];-
HHX.
nHeBMaTBqeCKBB AaTqBK aaKpeDJleH Ba paCCTOJlBBB 350 MM OT pORBKa Ka-
peTKB. B CBCTeMe BCDOJlbaOBaH DHeBMaTlAeCKHH
aTqBK TBDa CODJlO - aaCJlOHKa.
BoaAYx nOAaeTCJI
BBay AaTqBKa qepea m,eJlb paaMepOM 0,8 X 10 MM B qepea
BepXBee CODJlO, HaA KOTOpLIM KOHCOJlbBO aaKpeDJleBa ynpyraJl aaCJlOHKa. CeqeHHe
RaHaJla DOAaqU BoaAyxa qepea BepxHee CODJlO MomBO BaMeBJlTb perYJlBpOBO'lHLIM
BBBTOM.
CBcTeMa pa60TaeT cJleAYIO
BM 06paaoM. HaDpBMep, KpoMKa TKaHB CTaJla
C-Mem;aTLCJI B CTOPOBY AaTqBKa. 3aKpLIBaeTcJI qaCTb
eJlH, B BaMeHJleTCJI AaBJleBBe
CTPYB BoaAyxa. PaBHoBecBe B DBeBMOCBCTeMe BapymaeTCJI, B paaBocTb 1];aBJleHBB
BoaAyxa cpaBHHBaeTCJI MeM6paHBLIM YCBJlBTeJleM, coeAHBeBHLIM C aOJlOTHUKOM,
YDpaBJlJlIO
BM rBAPOn;BJlHHAPOM. 30JlOTHBK DepeMe
aeTCJI TaKBM 06paaoM, qTO
OTKpLIBaeT KaHaJl DOAaqB MaCJla B nOJlOCTb rBAPOD;BJlBHApa 1];JlJI DepeMe
eHBJI Kap-
Kaca C pOJlBKaMB B CTOPOHY, npoTBBoDoJlomHylO CMe
eHBIO TKaBB. npB aTOM
BaDpaBJlJlIOm;Be pOJlBKB OAHOBpeMeHBO C DODepeULIM DepeMe
eHBeM DOBopa-
qUBalOTCJI nOA yrJloM K OCB ABBmeHBJI TKaHB, qTO BLiaLIBaeT CDOJlaaBHe TKaHH
B CTOPOBY, DpOTBBODOJlomBYIO CMe
eHBIO. ECJlH KpoMKa CTaJla cMe
aTbCJI OT AaT-
qUKa, HCDOJlHBTeJlbBLlii MexaBBaM DO CBI'HaJlY nOCJleAHerO nepeMe
aeT pOJlBKB
B APyrylO CTOPOHY. HeHTpaJlbBOe DOJlOmeHBe pOJlBKOB (Kor
a BX OCB DepDeH
B-
KYJlJlpBLI oceBoii JlBHBB ABBmeHBJI TKaHB) 06eCDequBaeTCJI AanBKOM cpe
ero
DOJlOmeHBJI, aaKpeDJleHHLlM Ha KapeTKe.
BTopaJl aHaJlOrBqBaJl CBCTeMa 06eCDeqBBaeT D;eHTpBpOBaBBe CepAeqHBKa He-
saBBCBMO OT TKaHH OTHOCBTeJlbHO oceBOB JlBHBB MaWBHLI. qeHTpBpYIO
BH po-
JlBK YCTaHOBJleH DepeA BaTJlmHLlM 6apa6aBOM, yrOJl 06XBaTa pOJlBKa - OKOJlO
45°. TOqUOCTb CBCTeMLI D;eHTpBpOBaBBJI ::!:3 MM. CBCTeMa pa60TaeT HaAemHo.
29*
451
C npBMeBeBBeM CBCTeMLI 3HaqBTeJlbBO COKp8TBJlCJI pacxoA MaTepBaJl8 3a CqeT
ytdeBbmeHBJI OTpe3aeMOii KpOMKB, JlBKBBABpOBaBa TpYAoeMK8J1 pyqHaJl Onepan;BJI
pOBBeHBR npOKJla
OK.
J
25 Z
11
23 Z'I 22
Z6
5
6
11 lQ
PIIC. is. 7. ,Il;yOJJep C BepTBKaJlloBHM paCDOJlOmeBBeM DOBOpOTBIIlX 6apaoaBOB:
1,
- Ay45nupYIOII(MC 45apa45aBH; 8,4 - BCPXHBC II HBIICHBC nOBOpOTHNe 45apa45aHN; 6 - ncHTO'I1IYI TPaucnop-
Tep; 6 - HaTJlIICHOil 45apa45au; 'I - Mamdt TPaucnopTep; 8 - RaTJlIICHOI 45apa45aH; 9 - &JlCKTJIOIIBBraTenb;
10 - BTynO'lHo-naJIbnCBaJl My4jrra; 11 - pellYKTOp; lS. 13 - nemuul ncpe.ua'la. 14 - nOBopOTHioll 45apa45aH;
15 - TPasepca; 16,1'1 - HanpaBJlllIOII(MC; 18 - xOlloBoA BUHT; 19 - KOHB'lecKue meCTepHB; SO - npoMellCY-
TO'UIId Ban co 3BCSIlO'lKOA; 81 - ncnb DpIlBOlla BaJla; 8B - &JlCKTJIOIlBBraTenb; 88 - PCAyKTOp; 84 - My4jrra;
S5 - HOIICB.
3aBOAOM «TaM60BnOJlHMepMalII» H3rOTOBJleH arperaT AJlJI C60PKB CepAeqBBKOB
J1eHT mBpBHOH AO 2000 MM. ArperaT BKJlIOq8eT paCKaTOqHLIii CTaHOK AJlJI TKaHB
H 3aKaTOqHLlii CTaHOK AJlJI npOKJlaAOQHOrO XOJlCT8, TpeXBaJlKOBLlii yaBBepCaJlL-
HLIH KaJlaHAP B 3aKaTOquylO CToiiKY. npope3BHBBaHBe TKaHB ocy
ecTBJlJleTCJI
nOCJle,IJ;OBaTeJlbHO C KamAOH CTOpOHLI C BCnOJlb30BaHBeM 3aKaTOQHOii CToiiKB,
KOTOpaJl npBBOAHTCJI BO Bpa
eHBe OT KaJlaHApa. OAHOBpeMeHHO C 06pe3BHBBaBBeM
BTOpOH CTOpOHLI TKaHb nanpaBJlJleTCJI no CTOJly AJlJI paCKpOJl B CTLlKOBKB B ,IJ;y6J1B-
pYIO
He 6apa6aHLI MamBHLI AJlJI Ay6J1BPOBaHBJI CepAeQHBKa. npB BXOAe B 6apa-
6aHLI TKaHb
eHTpHpyeTcJI npB nOMO
B CneIl;BaJlbHOrO MexaHB3Ma OTHOCBTeJlbHO
oceBoii J1HHIDI MaIIIHHLI.
CBepxy B KOH
eBoii QaCTB MamBHLI YCTaHOBJleH ABCKOBLIii Hom AJlJI nonepeQHoii
pe3KH B nJlOCKBe KJlHHKOBLIe HomB AJlJI 06pe3aHBJI KpOMOK. rOTOBLIii CepAeQHHK
38KaTLiBaeTCJI Ha CTaHKe B npOKJla,IJ;OQHLIii XOJlCT.
454
Ha arperaTe B03MO;KHO B3rOTaBJlBBaTL MHOrOcJloiiHLIe XJlonqaT06YMa;KHLIe
CepAeqBBKB B3 ABYX CAy6J1BpOBaHHLIX nOJlycepAeqHBKOB. ,IJ;JlJI 3TOR n;eJlB OAHH
nOJlycepAeqHBK YCTaHaBJlBBaeTCJI B paCKaTOqHLIii CTaHOK B nOAaeTCJI AJlJI Ay6J1B-
,.....
.....'>
).
99'
,/.,
;;."
=:;.
9
G
rp===============
t! rr=
II II 7
-tr------ J l i-------r
--II I
_J IA
10 "
r- _____l_J I
L____________J
8
PBC. 13.8. CRcTeMa
eBTpllpOBaBHB npopeaBBe&Boii TKUU:
1 - KapCTKa; 2 - lIaT'lUK CJlCllCCHRR; 3 - rHllPonpUBOIl; 4 - YCJfnUTMb; Ii - 30nOTUBK rIilIponpBBO
a; 6-
anCKTpOlllarUHTIIhIit KnanaH ncpCKJU()qeUBJllIaT'luKOB; 1 - lIaT'IJIK cpellHero nOnOllCeHRR perYJIBpyJOlQero opraHa;
8 - IjIlI.IJbTp 1IJJJ1 OqUCTKJI BOJlIyxa; 9 - MaCJIOHaCOCHall YCTaHOBKa; 10 - Tpy450npoBOAH DHeBIIIOCBCTeMN;
11 - 1PylionpoBollH rBIIPocuCTeMN; 12 - TKam.; 13 - HaDpaBJJJlJOIQCC YCTpOilCTBO.
pOBaHHJI C nOJlycepAeqBBKOM, BaXOAJI
:mfCJI B C60POqBOR MaIIIBHe. npOKJlaAOqHLIii
XOJlCT oT6HpaeTCJI B PYJlOH Ha CTaHKe. HB;Ke npBBeAeHa TeXHBqeCKaJl XapaKTepB-
CTHKa arperaTa:
illupUBa Cepp;e'lBBXa, MM . . . . . . . 800-2000
,Il;JlBHa cepp;e'lBBKa, M. . . . .. . ., 150
CXOpOCTb C60PKB, M/MUB . . . . . .. 6-21
o 6JQa II MOJQBOCTb 3J1eKTpop;BurareJlei
(6ea XaJIaBp;pa), KBT . . . . . . .. 50
ra6apuTBlile paaMeplll, MM
p;JIBBa .
mupHBa
BIilCOTa .
Macca, T . .
48000
7000
5600
55
npBBOA CTaHKa AJlJI 3aKaTLIBaBBJI CepAeqHBKa - 3J1eKTpOABBraTeJlL n-72
MO
OCTLIO 11 KBT C qaCTOTOH Bpa
eHBJI 75-2200 06fMHH.
MamHHa AJlJI Ay6J1BpoBaHBJI CepAeqHBKa npeACTaBJlJleT c060ii qeTLIpexneTJle-
Boii Ay6J1ep TUna 1JB;Koua C Ay6J1BPY
HMB B nOBOpOTBLIMB 6apa6aHaMB 800 MM,
C n;enHLIM 3anpaBOqHLIM npBcnoc06J1eHBeM.
eHTpBpoBaHBe CepAeqHBKa B TKaHB
455
B ManIHHe DpOH3BOAHTCJI OTHOCHTeJlLHO oceBoii JlHHHH ABYMJI He3aBHCHMLIMH CHCTe-
MaMH. OCHOBHLIe 3J1eMeHTLI CHCTeMLI - DHeBMaTlAeCKHii cTpyiiHLIR AaTqHK, HCDOJl-
HHTem,HLIii MeXaHH3M, YCHJlHTeJlL H peI'YJlHpylO
OpraH.
aBJleHHe B03Ayxa B JlBHBB DBTaBBJI H YDpaBJleHHJI AaTqHKa perYJlBpyeTcJI
B DpeAeJlaX 0,07-0,09 Mna, AaBJleHBe Ha BLIXOAe B3 AaTqHKa 0-0,025 Mna.
B CBCTeMax BCDOJlb3YeTCJI MeM6paHBLlii yCBJlHTeJlL C 30JlOTHBKOM B MeM6paHHLlR
BCDOJlHHTeJlLHLIii MexaHB3M ABoiiHoro AeiicTBHJI. B KaqeCTBe perYJlBpYIO
ero
opraH a HeDpepLlBHoro AeiicTBBJI B CBCTeMe D;eHTpBpOBaHBJI CepAeqHHKa DpBMe-
UReTCJI HB;KHBii DOBOpOTHLIii 6apa6aH ABaMeTpOM 600 MM.
CBCTeMLI MaJlOHHepD;1l0HHLI, YA06HLI B 06CJlY;KBBaHIDI.
OJIHCaHHLle BbIme KOHCTpyRD;IDI MamHH DocJloiiHOrO Ay6J1HpoBaHHJI DpOKJla-
AOK HMeIOT pRA DpeHMy
ecTB DO cpaBHeHBIO C MamBHaMB, Ha KOTOpLIX Ay6J1BpoBa-
HHe Bcex DpOKJlaAOK DpOHCXOABT OAHOBpeMeHHO. OAHaKO 3THM MamBHaM DpBC
B
B C
eCTBeHHLle HeAOCTaTKH: HepaBHOMepHoe BaTJI;KeHBe DpOKJlaAOK DPB c60pKe
B HeperyJlHpyeMaJl DOCTORHHaJl AJlBHa c06BpaeMoro CepAeqHBKa. CpaBHBTeJlLBLle
xapaKTepBCTHKH 3KcDJlyaTBpyeMLIx B HaCTOJl
ee BpeMJI Ha 3aBOAax PTH MamUB
AaHLI B Ta6J1. 13.1.
Ta6AUIja 13.1. KpaTKaB TeXHH'IOOKaB xapaKTepHcTHKa Mam _
JlII AYOJlOpoBaHOIi
Cep
e'lHHKOB TpaHCDOprepRhlX JleRT
, I'a45apBTRNe paSlIIcpN.
::E! >< :: I
:: b: ..= JIM
.i
g
:.: :.:= Q,I'I
:: .,co fooO
:: I» .. :.:"
Q, 11:0
HaJlIIICUOBaRBC BUIICKC
:: ..Q, 0>0
.3::E! =:: 0::=
NalDHUN MamJlHN ""0:: ....
;::. ""«Sfoo
0> I»::E! 0::10
., I:( . "I» fooO::j:I:I fo
::E!I:( 8::.: ..
«S .... ::
II: .. I
.i
:: ::0 II: 0:: .
::
:.:
8; Ef..
:: ;: 0 8
::
0::
i .. -. of;jo :i ..
::s Q,::E! ::s.... .. ::s
,Il;y6J1ep C JleHTO'IHLlMO HBO
1410
TpaocnoprepaMR 95 1700 24 13,5 27 000 4200 1950 14.6
,Il;y6J1ep c BepTHKaJIb-
HIilM pacnOJlOmeROeM
nOBOpOTBIIlX 6apa-
6aRoB . . . . . . 7658 100 1600 54 15 7380 5376 4400 13.0
,Il;y6JIep c
enRbIM aa-
npaBO'lHIIlM npHcno-
. C06J1eBBeM .... 7656 100 1600 39 11.8 12 560 3850 2200 15.1
,II; y6JIBpOBO'lHali Ma-
1IIBBa....... 281-01 150 2200 21 25 20 300 5900 5600 29.1
,Il;YOJIBpOBO'IBali Ma-
mBHa M,II;-1600 . . 577-1 180-220 1800 55 42 30500 6000 4700 60.0
D P B III C 'I aRB C. XapaKTcpUCTHKa MalDHR lIaRa 45cs yqCTa paCKaTO'IRO-SaKaTO'lRNX CTaRKOB.
BHHHPTMAIIl AJlJI HOBLIX 3aBOAoB PTH pa3pa60TaHa J1BHBJI (631.061)
AJlJI C60PKB cePAeqHHKOB TpaHCDopTepHLIX JleHT. npB OCBa
eHBB AeiicTBYIO
BX
3aBOAOB PTH C MaJlLlMB DpOB3BOACTBeHHLlMB DJlO
aAJlMB HOBLIM 060pYAOBaHBeM
DpeADOqTeBBe cJleAyeT oTAaBaTL cxeMe Ay6J1HPOBOqHOii MamBHLI C BepTBKaJlLHLIM
paCDOJlO;KeHBeM DOBOpOTHLIX 6apa6aHOB.
JluBUJI
IDI c60pm Cep
e'IIIBKOB TpaRCDOpTepBIU JleRT (BB
eKC 631. 061).
JIHBBJI DpeAHa3HaqeHa AJlJI B3I'OTOBJleHBJI CepAeQBBKOB TpaHCDopTepHLIX JleHT
B peMHeBLIX DJlaCTBH B3 XJlonqaT06YMa;KHLlx B CBHTeTBQeCKBX TKaHeii. Ha JlHHBB
BLlDOJlBJlIOTCJI OCHOBHLIe TeXHOJlOI'1A:eCKBe ODepaD;BB: DpOMa3Ka B 06KJlaAKa TKa-
HeR, c60pKa CepAeqHBKa BJIB peMBeBoii DJlaCTBHLI, HaJlO;KeHBe Ha CepAeQHBK Y3KOii
456
6peKepBOB: BJIB YTOllBOB: npOKJIaAJ(B. llPH C60pKe CepAellBHKOB BS CHBTeTB'leCKHX
TRaBeB: 06KJIaAKa TKaBB C ABYX CTOpOB npOHaBOABTCJI Ba lIeTWpeXBaJIKOBOM KaJIaB-
Ape OABoBpeMeBBo co C60PKOB:. llpB c60pKe CepAellBBKOB Ba xJIonllaT06yMamHblX
TKaBeB: npopesHBBBaBBe OABOH BJIB ABYX CTOpOB ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI Ba oTAeJIbBO
CTOam;eM TpeXBaJIKOBOM KaJIaBApe.
Ha pBC. 13.9 nOKasaB 06m;BB: BHA JIBBBH. PyJIOB C TKaBbIO YCTaBaBJIBBaeTCR
B rBeSAa mDBBAeJIeB: paCKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa 1. JIeBTOllBWH TO pMOS 06eCnellBBaeT
BaTJlmeBBe TKaHH npB paSMaTblBaBBB C pyJIOBa AO 800 H/nOJIOTBO. HenpepWBBOCTb
pa60Tbl JIBBHH npB c60pKe cePAellBBKa 06eCnellHBaeTCJI CTWKOBKOH KOBI(OB ,pyJIO-
BOB Ba npecce 2 c aaKJIaAJ(OB: MemAY KOBI(aMB TKaBB peSIIBOBOB: JIeBTOllKB. MaKCB-
MaJIbBOe AaBJIeBBe npll CTbIKOBKe B nJIBTaX mBpBBOB: 200 MM COCTaBJIJleT Be f\()JIee
18 Mlla. PesepB TKaBB Ba BpeMJI npeKpam;eBHJI ee nOAalll1 npB ByJIH8BH38I(BB
CTWKa COSAaeTCJI KOMneBcaTopOM 3.
TKaBb C paCKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa nOAaeTCJI B KOMneBcaTOp npHBOABWMH nOAa-
IOm;HMH pOJIBKaMB co CKOpOCTbIO AO 80 M/MBB. IDBpeBBe B l(eBTpHpOBaBBe TKaBII
B KOMneBcaTope ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI Ayro06paSBWMB 06peaBBeBBwMB pOJIBKaMB.
llepeA 06peaBBHBaB1leM TKaBb nOAorpeBaeTCJI Ba 6apa6aBBOB: cymHJIKe 4. HaTJlme-
BHe TKaBB,06ecnellBBaeTCJI CBCTeMOB: 3JIeKTpOnpBBOAa BaJIKOB 5 B KaJIaBApa 6.
COrJIaCOBaBBe pa60m KaJIaBApa B Ay6JIBpOBOllBOB: MamBBbl ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
lIepes npoMemyTOllBYii KOMneBcaTOp 7. Pa601lee nOJIOmeBHe KapeTKB KOMneBca-
Topa 8 - cpeABee. llPH BenpOAOJImBTeJIbHblX OCTaBOBKax KaJIaBApa HJIB AY6JIBPO-
BOllBOH MamBBbl KOMneBcaTOp AaeT BOSMomBOCTb pa60TaTb Ba JIBBHII, nOKa no-
ABBmBaJi KapeTKa Be BOSBpaTHTCJI B BepXBee BJIB BllmBee nOJIOmeBHe. CepAe'IBBK
C06BpaeTCJI Ba Ay6JIBpOBOllBOB: MamBBe 9 B KOJIbI(O, paspeSaeTCJI nonepeK B SaMa-
TWBaeTCJI C npOKJIaAOllBWM XOJICTOM B PYJIOB Ba SaKaTOllBOM CTaBKe 10. PeMHeBaJl
nJIaCTHBa nepeA aaMaTWBaBBeM B pyJIOB nponycKaeTcJI lIepes YCTaBoBKy 11 AJIJI
BaBeCeBHJI Ba nOBepxBocTb TaJIbKOBOB: cycneBSHH. llpOKJIaAOllBaJl TKaBb nOAaeTCJI
C paCKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa 12. B ,BepxBeH lIaCTB KOMneBcaTopa 7 Ba BanpaBJIJlIOm;eM
pOJIBKe YCTaBOBJIenW MexaBHSM OTClIeTa nyTH B AaT'lHKH 13 CBCTeMbl yJIaBJIJlBaBJIJI
cmKa TKaBH.
B JIBBHH y.cTaBOBJIeBW paCKaTOllBblB: CTaBOK, CTWKOBOllBWH npecc llC-1800
B KOMneBcaTopbl, npHMeBJleMWe npH npOBSBOACTBe mHB B JIBBBJlX AJIJI 06pesHBlfBa-
B1IJI KOPAa, a TaK)Ke KaJIaBAP (BBAeKc 503090), cepBDo BarOTaBJIBBae)fh1B: SaBOlIOM
«BOJIbmeBBK).
CepAellBHK c06BpaeTcJI nOCJIOiBWM BaJIOmeBBeM npOKJIaAOK B KOJIbl(O Ba ,u;y6-
JIBpOBOllBOB: MamBBe M,A-1600 (BBAeKc 577-1).
. Ha Ay6JIllpOBOllBOH MamBBe MomBO c06BpaTb BS OCBOBBYX H YTOllBWX TKaBei
CepAellBHKB f'JJHBOB: OT 100 AO 195 M C marOM perYJIHpOBaBHJI AJIIfHW 3 M. C60pKa
CepAellBIIKa ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI BenpepWBBO. BYJIKaB1lS0BaBBblB: Ba CTYKOBOllBOM
npecce TeXBOJIOrBlIeCKHH CTbIK npeABapBTeJIbBO BwpeSaeTCJI BS TRaB1l; KOBel(
TKaBB paCKpallBaeTCJI nOA yrJIOM 45 0 K OCB MamHBW B BBOBb cTwKyeTcJI BBaXJIeCTKY.
YTOllBaJi HJIB 6peKepBaJi TKaBb BaKJIaAYBaeTCJI Ba yme cAy6JIBpOBaBBwe OCBOBHble
npOKJI81(KH nepeA saMoTKoH CepAellBBKa, B pyJIOB.
ROBCTPYK
JI Ay6JIBpOBOllBOB: MaDIHBbl nOKasaBa Ba pHC. 13.10. llepeA
Ay6JIupYIOm;IIMH 6apa6aBaMII YCTaBOBJIeBO YCTPOHCTBO AJIJI paCKpOJI B CTYKOBKII
TRaB1l. 'Y CTpOB:CTBO BKJIIOlIaeT CTOJI, Ba KOTOpOM yCTaBOBJIeBbl nOAalOm;Be B BaTJlm-
Bwe POJIBKII. BAOJIb CTOJIa nepeMem;aeTCJI KapeTKa C TpeMJI npBBOABYMII AHCKOBbIMJI
BomaMB; ABa Boma nepeMem;aIOTCJI nOA yrJIOM 45 0 K OCB MamHBY, OABB - nepneB-
AHKyJIJlpBO. ,AJIJI npllKaTKB CTYKa Ba KapeTKe paSMem;eB 06p
8BBeBBYi POJIBK.
llepeA BaTJlmBYMH pOJIBKaMB BaXOABTCJI mBpBTeJIbBOe YCTPOHCTBO, BbIDOJIBeBBOe
B BHAe BsorBYToi OCH C paAHyooM KpHBHSHbl 8000 MM, Ba KOTOpOM Ba onopax
KalleBBJI CB060ABO Bpam;aeTCJI peSBBOBaJi py6amKa ABaMeTpOM 160 MM. OCBOBBoe
BaanalleBlle YCTpoicTBa - BwpaBBBBaBBe CKJIaAOK B MOPm;BB Ba TRaBH nepeA
nocTynJIeBBeM ee na Ay6JJBpOBaBBe.
457
J
II
s
6
7 6
9
Puc. t3.9. JIUUUR 63t.06t AJiR c60pKu cePA8'IBIII(OB TpaacDoporeplUlX JI8IIT:
1 - paCKaTO'IJDoIiI CTalfOK; 2 - CThIKOBO'l1lUlt npecc; 8 - KOlIDeHcaTOp paCKaTO'lRoro CTaHKa; 4 - GapaGallaali C}'DDIJIKa; S - lfaTII)f(lfhIe BaJIIW; 6 _ KMIIIII\P;
'I - DpOllleHIyro'lRhlll KOlIDelfCaTOp; 8 - DOIlIIB1KHIIJI Kape-rKa KOlIDelfcaTOpa; 9 - J(yGmiPOBO'IRaH lIIaJ1J1111a M)];-1600; 10 - 8aKaTO'I1IUIt CTalfOK I1J111 cePIle'IIIJIKa;
11 - cYCDeH8BOHlfaH YCTalfOBKa; 12 - pacKaTO'IIIId CTaHOK J(JIII DpoKlraIlO'IRoro XODCTa; 18 - I1aT'IIIKB B lIeXlUlJl8111 O'1'C1JeTa CBCTeMH ynaBmulIUlI1JI Q'J'hIKa.
,I\JIJI YJIaBJIIIBaBIIJI BYJIKaBIISOBaBBOrO CmKa TKaBB Ba CTOJIe YCTpOBCTBa
B JIBBHH nplfMeBeBa CIICTeMa 06BapymeB1lJl CTWKa TKaBII TBna «(CYPB». CIICTeMa
BKJIlOlIaeT ABa AaT'lBKa, MexaBBSM OT'leTa II BCnOJIBHTeJIbBwji aJIeKTpOBBWB: 6JIOK.
,I\aT'lHKII BWAaIOT MexaBBSMY CBrRaJI AJIJI OTClIeTa nYTB no TKaBB, KOTOpWB: AOJImBa
npOBTII
JIbra nOCJIe nocTynJIeBBJI CBrRaJIa AO MeCTa ee OCTaBOBa Ba ropBSOBTaJIb-
BOM CTOJIe, nOCJIe lIero B CBCTeMY npBBOAOB JIBBIIB nOCTynaeT CBrBaJI Ba npeKpa-
m;eBlle nOAallB TKaBB pOJIBKaMB. TO'IBOCTb OCTaBOBa CTWKa TRaBB C
JIbroii
BeSaBIICIfMO OT CKOpOCTH pa60m JIBBBH COCTaBJIJleT :t: 0,3 M.
HaTJlmHble pOJIBKB npB nOMOm;H npBBOAa II AaT'lHKa 4 06eCnellBBaIOT nOAallY
TKaBII AJIJI Ay6JIllpOBaBIIJI npll nOCTOJlBBOM YCBJIBB BaTJlmeBBJI 1700 H/nOJIOTBo.
,I\JIJI 1(eBTpBpOBaBBJI TRaBB npBMeBeBa CBCTeMa KOBCTpyK
B ORB «(TenJIOaBTOMaT».
PeryJIBPYIOm;Bi opraB (KapeTRa) 5 H cJIeAJ{m;HB: AaTlIHK 6 paaMem;eHbl MemAY
YCTpOB:CTBOM AJIJI paCKpOJI TRaBB II Ay6JIIIPYIOm;BMH 6apa6aBaMlf 9, 10. TaKOB:
me cBCTeMOB: 1(eBTpBPYeTCJI CepAe'IBHK OTBOCIITeJIbBO OCeBOB: JIBBIIB M8DIllHW
nepeA BXOAOM B Ay6JIBpYIOm;ne 6apa6aBbl.
HaTJlmeBlle CepAellBHKa nepeA Ay6JIBPYIOm;HMB 6apa6aBaMH YBeJIHlIBBaeTCJI
Ba 1700 H/nOJIOTBO (nponOp1(1I0BaJIbBO lIBCJIY npOKJIaAOK) II n01(AepmBBaeTCJI
nOCTOJlBBWM B npeAeJIaX AJIIIBbl OABOH npOKJIaAKII npll nOMOm;n npBBOAa BaTJliK-
Boro 6apa6aBa II AaT'lBKOB BaTJlmeB1lJl 8. 3a Ay6JIBPYIOm;HMB 6apa6aBaMB sa ClIeT
cB060ABoro BblXOAa CepAellBBKa B BIIAe neTJIII paCTJlrUBaIOm;He BanpJlmeBBJI CBBMa-
IOTCJI. TpaBCnOpTHpOBaBBe CepAellBBKa lIepes Ay6JIBpOBOllBytO MamBBY BOKpyr
nOBOpOTBblX 6apa6aBoB 06eCnellBBaeTCJI npOTJlrBBaIOm;HM1I BaJIKaMB 22, a BaTJlme-
BBe CepAellBBKa MemAY aTIIMH BaJIKaMH B BaTJlmHblM 6apa6aBoM 34 n01(AepmB-
BaeTCJI MBBBMaJIbBWM cBCTeMOB: npBBOAa BaJIKOB B AaT'lBKOB 32. nJIaBaIOm;HB:
pOJIHK 11 B TOpMOSBble pOJIBKB 13 nOCTOJIBBO n01(AepmBBaIOT sanac cB060ABOH
neT JIB cePAe'IBBKa. POJIHKB 13 npBBoAa Be IIMeIOT, TOpMOSBoii MOMeBT COSAaeTCJI
AIICKOBblM
PHK
OBOM.
npll nYCKe MamllBbl B pa60TY BallaJIO nepBOB: npOKJIaAJ(B nponYCKaeTCJI 'lepes
YCTPOHCTBO AJIJI paCKpOJI TKaBII, 1(eBTpllpytOm;ne pOJIJlJm5 nOA nOABJITHM 6apa6aBOM
. 9, BOKpyr Bcex nOBopOTHblX 6apa6aBoB AO sanpaBOllBOrO YCTpoicTBa 24, nOA
KOTOpYM OCTaBOBHJIOCb npOTJlrllBaIOm;ee YCTpoicTBO 23. H8'l8JIO npOKJIaAKH YKJIa-
AWBaeTCJI cBepxy Ba 60KOBHBY YCTpOB:CTBa TaK, lIT06
npll BamaTHII BanpaBHTeJIeM
sanpaBOllBOrO YCTpoicTB8 Ba AepmaTeJIII 6pyc nOA AeB:CTBlleM CBJIW npymBB nepe-
MeCTIIJICJI B BrJIW 6pyca npOllBO SaKpeDJIJIH TRaBb. I(enB 30 nepeMem;aIOTCJI OT
npllBOAa npOTJlrIlBaIOm;BX BaJIKOB.
,I\aJIee BKJIIOlIaIOTCJI npBBOAY MamHHbl B npOAOJImaeTCJI sanpaBKa nepBoi npo-
. KJIaAKII AO saMWKaBBJI KOJIb1(a sa Ay6JIIIPYIOm;HM 6apa6aBoMI0, rAesy61faTble ceK-
TOpW CBOIDIH KOB1(aMII Ba6eraIOT Ba KYJI8'IROBble ynoPbl, nepeMem;aIOT 6pyc, OAIIO-
BpeMeBBO oCB060mAaJl TRaBb C BrJI. npOTJlrllBaIOm;ee YCTpOB:CTBO BO B3BeAeBBO){
COCTOJIBBII nepeMem;aeTCJI nOA sanpaBOllBOe YCTpOB:CTBO. B MOMeBT sanpaBKH nepBOB:
npOKJIaARB npBBOAoM B npll saMaTWBaBlI1I rOTOBoro CepAellBBKa B PYJIOB Ba saKa-
TO'IBOM CTaBKe CKOpOCTb pa60Tbl npllBOAa 6apa6aBa 10 B npBBOAa 26 BaJIKOB 22
COrJIaCOBblBaeTCJI npH BSalfMOAeicTBBH nJIaBaIOm;ero pOJIHKa 11 C CeJIbCHB-perYJIJI-
TOpOM 12.
tIBCJIO npOKJIaAOK B CepAellBBKe onpeAeJIJleTCJI no lIBCJIY npoxomp;eBBJI MeABOB:
nJIaCTIIBKB (
brB) B8A npll60poM 95. nJIaCTIIBKa BaKJIaAWBaeTCJI Ba BallaJIO
nepBoi npOKJI8AJ(B. OABoBpeMeBBo 3Ta me
JIbra OTMellaeT MeCTO CTblKa npoKJIaAOK,
no KOTOPOMY AOJImBO paspeSaTbCJI KOJIb1(O CepAellBIIKa.
npH npoxomAeBBII
OJIbrB BaA npB60poM 35 B CBCTeMY npBBOAa 6apa6aH3
34 nOAaeTCJI CBrBaJI Ba YBeJIBlIeBlle BaTJlmeBIIJI CepAellBHKa Ba BeJIB'lBBY BaTJlme-
BIIJI nOA8BaeMOB: TKaBB (1700 H/nOJIOTBo); 3TO BaTJlmeBBe YAepmJIBaeTCJI AO CoTle-
,JJ;yIOm;ero npOXomAeBIIJI
OJIbrB. npB npOXomAeBBB
JIbrll BaA BTOpblM npB60pOM
B KOB
eBOB: lIaCTII MamllBW nOCJIe Ay6JIBpOBaBIIJI Re06XOAIIMoro 'lHCJIa npOKJIaAOK
BblAaeTCJI CBrBaJI Ba OCTaBOB npBBOAOB MamBBW B onycKaBBe Bomei npo,«OJIbBOrO
459
1'1 15 16 f7
29
18 Z7
16
HamBlIN MA-t600 (BBAeRC 5774):
lfaTlDfCeRIIJI; $ - lIeHTPRPyJO
e pomD(R; 6 - DIleBIIIOllaT'lBJ(; 'I -
eBTPRPyJOlqIdt poJDIK; 8 - DOBOPOTIIId
POJIHK; 12 - ceJlbClIR-peryJJllTOp; 13 - TOplll08Rh1e POJIIIIW; 14 - DOIIIIepH<HBIIDIqIdt POJIBR; 18 - 811H<DJ1:
ROK; 19 - pynoR C DpoKJIaIlo'lROll TKaRhIO; 20 - I1yGnHpyJOlltlle POJlHlCll; 21 -lIIeXaBJI8l1 DPOIIOJlhlfolt peao;
2$ - MeXaJDI8111 DODepnaoro peaa; 26 - DPRBOII DpoTIIl'HBaIO
X ..end H JJpOTJU'HBlIDlltd Daphl; n - Jle-
82 - .IIaT'IJIR HaTSlareHIUI; 88 - DPB1KIDIIIoll POJIBK; 84 - HaTSl1f(ROIL GapaGaa; 8S - DPHGop IIJIII )'BaBmIBlIHIDI
Boro TOKa lIepes CBCTeMY sy611aTwx nepeAall. npH BamaTHH 060Aa 6apa6aBa Ba
pOJIHK B nOBOAOK lIepes Orpan:B'lHTeJIb meCTepBJI nepeMem;aeT peB:KY, OrnpWBaJl
rneSAO AJIJI 1(an
nOAAepmBBaIOm;HX POJIBKOB. POJIBKH COeAHBeHbl AByMJI napaJIJIeJIb-
BbIMH KaBaTaMH, KOTOpWe BaMaTbIBaIOTCJI Ba 6apa6aBW. npBBOA 6apa6aBOB C MY
OB:
CKOJIbmeBHJI 06eCne'IBBaeT nOCTOJIBBOe BaTJlmeBHe KaBaTOB. '
Ha KapKace MamHHbl nOA BanpaBJIJlIOm;BMH peiKaMH yCTaBOBJIeBW OrpaBB'lH-
TeJIB AJIBBW. OrpaBB'lHTeJIb BWnOJIBeB B BBAe ynopa, BWABBraeMOrO aJIeKTpOMarBB-
TOM Ba nYTH ABnmeB1lJl KapeTKB. 'Y CTpOB:CTBO, 3aAaIOm;ee AJIHBy, yCTaBOBJIeBO Ba
nyJIbTe ynpaBJIeBBJI. HSMeBeBBe AJIBBW OCym;eCTBJIJleTCJI OABOBpeMeBBO C Ay6JIBPO-
BaBBeM CepAellB1lKa H SaMaTWBaBBeM ero B PYJIOH.
npH yMeBbmeBBB AJIBBW CepAellBHKa CKOpOCTb saMaTWBaBBJI npeBWmaeT
CKOpOCTb Ay6JIJ1poBaBHJI Ba BeJIH'lBBY ABOHBOB: CKOpOCTB ABBmeBBJI KapeTKB.
npH 3TOM npBBOAOM 28 06eCne'IBBaeTCJI nepeMem;eBBe nOAAepmBBaIOII(BX pOJIBKOB
BBYTPb MaIIDIBW. 3a2RHMY oCB060mAaIOT OCH pOJIBKOB npH BOSAeB:CTBIIH 060Aa
6apa6aBa Ba nOBOAOK. llpB YBeJIB'leBHD AJIDBW CepAellBBKa BSaBMOAeB:CTBHe Mexa-
BH3MOB npOHCXOAHT B 06paTBOB: nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbBOCTIf.
npll nOCTOJIBBOB AJIBBe BenoABBmBoe COCTOJIBBe KapeTKH 06eCnellllBaeTCJI
3JIeKTpOMarBBTBWM TOpMOSOM npBBOAa nepeMem;eBBJI.
. 'YnpaBJIeBHe Ay6JIBpOBO'IB0B: MamBBOB: ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI C ABYX rJIaBBWX
nYJIbTOB ynpaBJIeBHJI, yCTaBOBJIeBBWX B rOJIOBBOH H KOB1(eBOi lIaCTJlX MamBBW.
OTAeJIbBbIe MexaBBSMW ynpaBJIJlIOTCJI C MeCTBbIX nYJIbTOB.
TeXBH'leCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa JIBBHH B Ay6JIHpOBOllBOB: MamHBbI npHBeAeBa
Hllme:
AnHBa CepAe'lHHJ(a (perynopyeM8JI), M . .
mar perynHpoBaHBH p;noRH Cepp;e'lHUKa, M
mOpHBa cepp;e'l1DlJ(a, MM. . . . . . . . .
lIOCJlO upoKn
OK B Cepp;e'lHHKe . . . . .
Pa60'laH p;nHBa ponHKoB H 6apa6aaoB, MM . . . . . . . . .
A08MeTp 6apa6aHoB Ay6J1opOBO'IHOi MamHBI>I, MM . . . . . .
CKOpOCTI> COBM9CTBOB pa60TN KaJI8B,Qpa R Ay6nDpOBO'IHOi
M8DlHBI>I, M/
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
CKOpOCTl> p;y6nopoBaBWI cepp;e'lllBJ(a, M/MHB
IIOJIeaH8JI eMKOCTI> KOMDeHCaTOpoB, M . . . .
HaTHmeHBe TKIiBB B Cepp;e'lHBKa, H/uOJloTHO
B KOMueHcaTOpe . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ha paCKaTO'lBOM CTaHJ(e . . . . . . . . . .
TKaHH nepep; Ay6nopYJO
HMO 6apa6aHaMH. . .
CeMe'lHHKa uepeA Ay6JlHpYIO
BMH 6apa6aaaMU
t80-220
3
3OO-t600
3-tO
tBOO
385,6
to-40
to-55
t40
t30
:S:;;80
t70
IIpouop-
HOHaJII>HO
'lBCJlY
46t
06 8JI YCT8BOBJIeBBaJI UO BOCn. SJIeJ<TpOABBI'aTeJlei
pOBO'IBOi MamBBH, KBT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ra6apoTBHe paaMepH, MM
AJIBBa .
IDBpBBa . .
BHCOTa ......
OpOKJlaAOK
Ay6JJB-
too
75000
t2500
7000
13.3.3. 060py AoaaHHe AnR o6KnaAKH cepAe4HHKOB
TpaHcnopTepHblX neHT peSHHOBblMH cnORMH
3aKJIIOlIBTeJIbBaJi onep JI IISrOTOBJIeBIIJI saroToBKH JIeBm - 06KJIaAK8
CepAellBHKa peSBBOBYMII CJIOJlMH, yCIIJIeBHe ero 60pTOB. 3T0 Onepa1(HJI Ba OTelle-
CTBeBBWX saBOAax PTH OCym;eCTBJIJleTCJI Ba arperaTaX C 1fempeXBaJIKOBYM 06KJIa-
AOllBWM KaJIaBAPOM. ArperaT COCTOBT 06WlIBO BS paCKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa AJIJI pas-
MaTWBaBBJI CepAellBBKa, 06KJIaAOllBOrO KaJIaBApa, MexaBBSMa AJIJI YCBJIeBBll
60pTa, KaMepW nJIJI onYAPBBaBBJI
nOBepXBOCTH JIeBTW TaJIbKOM H
SaKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa. npH paSMaTW-
BaBBH cePAe'IBBKa npOKJIaAOllBbli
XOJICT oT6BpaeTCJI BpyqBYIO. 'tJaCTO
npOKJIaAOllBLIi XOJICT BCnOJIbSYeTCJI
TOJIbKO B KOB1(e pyJIOBa (10-15 M).
,ABaMeTp BaJIEOB lIeTWpeXBaJI-
KOBoro r-06pasBoro KaJIaDApa
600 MM, AJIJlBa pa601leB: lIaCTH BaJI-
KOB 1730 MM., MOm;BOCTb 8JIeKTpo-
IS ABllraTeJIJI nOCTOJIBBOrO TOKa
200 KBT. lllfTaBHe BepXBBX BaJI-
KOB KaJIaBApa ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI Ka-
lIaIOm;HMCJI TpaBcnopTepoM, B1Im-
BBX BaJIKOB - BPY'IBYIO. CepAell-
DK npOxOAHT MemAY' CpeABIIMH
BaJIKaMH KaJIaDApa B 06KJIaAYBaeTC1I
OABOBpeMeBBO C ABYx CTOpOB. RpaJl
peSBBOBWX JIHCTOB, CBJlMaeMWX C
BaJIKOB, nOApesaIOTCJI AHCKOBYMH
BOmaMH. OABa napa BOmeB: yCTa-
BaBJIIIBaeTCJI B OABOB: nJIOCKOCTH C
KpOMKOB: CepAellBBKa, a BTOpaJi -
C npHnyCKOM Ba BeJIH'lBBy saBopOTa
peSHBbl Ba 60pT.
AJIJI 06pesaBIIJI KpOMOK peSBBW DPH 06KJI&AKe cePAellBBKa B r-06pasBoM
lIeTblpeXBaJIKOBOM KaJIaDApe npHMeBJleTCJI yCTaBoBKa ABCKOBWX BOmeB: co cneAJI-
m;BM npBBOAOM (pHC. 13.12). Y CTaBOBKa COCTOHT BS ABCKOBblX BepXBBX II B1ImBBX
BOmeB: 1, 2, yCTaBOBJIeBHblX B BOmeBOB: KapeTKe 3. Ha 8TOB: KapeTKe SaKpenJIeB
CJIeAJlII(BB: pOJIBK 4, cB060ABO KallaIOII(BicJI BOKpyr OCB 5. XBOCTOBJIK 6 npH Kalla-
BHH pOJIlIKa BamHMaeT nOOllepeABO Ba MlIKpOnepeKJIIOlIaTeJIH 7. POJIBK nOAmH-
MaeTCJI K KpaIO CepAellBBKa npYmBBoB: 8. HomeBble KapeTKH nepeMem;aroTCJI no
BanpaBJIJlIOm;eB: 9 XOAOBYM BHBTOM 10 lIepes 1(eDBYIO nepeAallY 11 B peAYKTOp 12
OT peBepCIIBBoro 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI nepeMeBBoro TOKa 13. nepeMem;eBlle KapeTOK
OrpaBH'lBBaeTCJI KOBellBWMII BWKJIIOlIaTeJIJlMB 14,15. Bce YSJIW H AeTaJIB yCTaBoBKH
MOBTlfPYIOTCJI Ba ABYX KpoBmTeiiBax 16 K OOKOBWM CTaBBBaM KaJIaBApa.
18
.I
,.,.
PIIC. t3.t2. YCTaaopa PCBOBID Boaed co Me-
DpBBOAOU:
1, S - BepXJlJle B BmlCBBe JUlcKOBile BOIKB; 8 - HOIKeBaII
KapeTRa; 4 - CJJeJI pOJlllK; I - ocr. Ka'laRBlI; ,-
DOCTOBBJ(; 1 - MllKPODepeKJlJO'laftm>; 8 - np'YHIDa;
9 - RanpaBJllllOlI{aa; 10 - :10110801 BBBT; 11 - lIeDBlUI
DeP8Ila'la; 12 - pe!\}'K'1'OP; 18 - eneKTpoIlBllJ'aTeJlt>; 14,
IS - KOae'lllWe ilJoIIUDO'Ia'I'8JIII; 16 - KpOIIDITeIB; 1'1-
cePlle'lllllK.
· B BaCTOH ee BpeMJI r-06paaBL1i KaJI p 600 X t730 MM Be mOYCKaeTCII, OB aaueBeu
"eTHpeXBaJlKOBHM KaJIaB,!{pOM 4 X 710 X t800 JrDf.
462
Y CTaBOBKa 06eCnellHBaeT TOllBOCTb peSaBBJI B npeAeJIaX :t (3 -:- 5) MM.
llpB saBopOTe peSHBW Ba 60PT C BanYCKOM AO 50 MM BomH pa60TaIOT B&Ae2RBO
]I YAOBJIeTBOpIlTeJIbBo.
llpBBJlTbIB: B cym;ecTBYIOm;eii TeXBOJIOrllB cnoc06 YCBJIeBBJI 60pTa SaBOpallH-
BaHHeM KpOMKH peaHBW Ba OABY CTOPOBY JlBJIJleTCJI OABBM BS BCTOllBIIKOB Ae Op-
Ma1(HH KpOMKH CepAellBBKa npB BYJIKaBHSa H. BOSMOmBa H APyraJi OpMa 60pTa
aaroToBKH JIeBTbI. Ha KaJIaBApe BllmBJIJI 06KJIaAKa 06peSaeTCJI C npHnycKoM,
paBBblM TOJIm;BBe CepAellBBKa, a BepXBJIJI paBBa TOJIII(HHe cePAellBHICa B BHmBei
06KJIaAKII. TOJIm;BBa peSBBOBoro 60pTa nOMe SaBOpallHBaBBJI H Ay6JIBpOBaBBJI
EpOMOK 6YAeT COOTBeTCTBOBaTb CyMMe TOJIm;IIB BepXBeB: H BBaCBeB: 06KJIaAOK,
lITO OTBellaeT Tpe60BaHIIJlM fOCT. TaKOB: 60pT MomBO nOJIylIBTb Ba JIHBBH, paspa-
60TaBBOii BHlIHPTMAill.
Ha pBC. 13.13 nOKasaBa cxeMa JIBBHH AJIJI 06KJIaAJ(H CepAellBIIKOB TpaBcnop-
TepBWX JIeBT (HHAeKc 592.119). Ha JIHBHH BarOTaBJIBBaIOTCJI JIeBTW HS XJIOD'laTO-
OyMamBblX TKaBeB: B COOTBeTCTBHH C fOCT 20-62 H JIeBTW Bcex TBnOB HS CBBTe-
TH'leCKHX BOJIOKOB B COOTBeTCTBHH C cym;eCTByIOm;HMH TeXBB'leCKHMH yCJIOBHJlMH.
3
( 3 6 7
8 '0
16
17
PRC. t3.t3. JIBIUIJI 529.H9 1(JI1I 06J(JI R cePle'lllIlJ(OB TpaBCDoyreplllllX SOT:
1 - pacKaTO'llflolil CTaRoK; II - 8aKa1'O'IIfhIiI CTalfOK ,aM DPOKJIaJJ:O'IROro xonCTa; 8. 4 - RIIeBIIOAaT'IBIUI; $ -
lteaTPHPYJOJq1Je pomnm; 6 - I1yGmrpYJOlI(He BanKB; 1 - lIIexallB8111 IIJIIf 8aaopO'Pa KpOIilOK TKaHII; 8 - DOIlaJOlQlle
BaIIKB; 9 - pacKaTO'IRhIA CTalfOK AM mupoKoll DpoKJIa,aKB; 10 - TPaRcnOPTeP; 11 - KaJIaBIIP; 111 - I1BCIIo-
Bhle B())KJI; 18 - lIIe%aHII8111 AM 8aBOpa'IIIBlUIIIJI KPOIIOK Pe8I111h1; 14 - lIIexaBB8111 11M HaJIomellBJI GoprollJolX
DonoC; 1$ - DpOTJll'IfBalOII(He IIIUIKB; 16 -1'CTalfOBKa n:M RaReceHBfl DOKPHTBJI; 11 - 8aKaTO'iJlJd CTaROK
JIM neBThl.
Ha JIHBHH BWnOJIBJlIOTCJI OCBOBHble TeXBOJIOrHlIeCKlle onepaI(BB: 06KJIaAKa cePAell-
BHKa OABOBpeMeBBO C ABYX CTOpOB C yKJIaAKOB: 6peKepBOB: HJIH YTOllBOB: npOKJIaAKB
nOA OABY Ba 06KJIaAOIC C SaBOpa'IBBaBHeM TKaBeBWX KpOMOK Ba 60pT, yCHJIeB1le
TOp1(a TKaBbIO 11 peSBBOB: 6es BaKJIaAKH nOCJIeABeii Ba 60pT.
CePAellBBK Ba 606BBe YCTaBaBJIBBaeTCJI B rBeSAa mnHBAeJIeB: paCKaT01fBOrO
TaBRa 1. Ha OAnOM BS mnBBAeJIeii yCTaBOBJIeB JIeBTOllBblB: TopMoa, ynpaBJIJleMWB:
OT nBeBl'tf01(BJIJlH,a,pa. ,I(JIJI 1(eBTpBpOBaBHJI CepAellBBKa OTBOCBTeJIbBO npOAOJIbBOii
OCB JIHBHH CTaBOK yCTaBOBJIeB Ba KaTKaX H nepeMem;aeTCJI BOSBpaTBo-nocTyna-
TeJIbBO no BanpaBJIJIIOm;BM nonepeK OCH ABHmeOJl. npHBOA nepeMem;eBBJI CTaBKa
rHApaBJIB'leCKIIB:, ynpaBJIeBHe rHAPonpBBOAOM - OT DHeBMOAaTlIHKa 3, B SOBe KOTO-
poro 1(BHmeTCJI KpaB: CepAellBBKa. llpOKJIaAOllBYB: XOJICT aaKaTWBaeTCJI B PYJIOB Ba
SaKaTOllBOM CTaBRe 2. npBBOA SaKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI OT 3JIeKTpO-
BBraTeJIJI nOCTOJIBBOrO TOKa lIepes pBK1(HOBBYIO MY y, 06ecnellHBaIOm;yIO
nOCTOJlBCTBO JIHBeB:BOB: CKOpOCTH HaMOTKB npB HSMeBeB1I1I ABaMeTpa pYJIOBa.
illHpoKaJl npOKJIaAKa nOAaeTCJI C paCKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa 9 B nepeA BXOAOM B Ay6JIB-
pYIOR{Be BaJIKH 6 1(eBTpBpyeTcJI pOJIBKaMH 5 OTBOCBTeJIbBO OCH JIBBBB.
3a Ay6JIHpYIOm;BMB BaJIKaMH 6 YCTaBOBJIeB MexaBHSM 7 AJIJI SaBOpallHBaBBJI
KpOMOK TKaBB Ba 60PT CepAellBHKa. MexaBHsM BWnOJIBeB B BH,t{e ABYX KapeTOK,
KOTopwe npB YCTaBOBKe Ba mBpHBY CepAellBBKa nepeMem;aIOTCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;1OI
npH 80MOII(H BBRTa. Ha Ka2RAoH KapeTKe nOA yrJIOM It OCH 1(BHmeBHJI cePAellBIIKa
paSMem;eBW ABa napaJIJIeJIbBWX aaMKRYTWX TJlrOBWX opraHa C pWlIamBWMB saXBa-
TaMB. I(enBble TJlrOBWe opraBbl npHBOAIITCJI OT BaJIKOB 6 lIepes 1(enBYIO B sy611a-
TYIO nepeAallH. 3axBaTw nepeMem;aIOTCJI BAOJIb Top1(a CepAellBHKa no KOnupy TaK,
463
'lTO OnYlI(eBBaJi BB1IS KpOMKa TKaB1l SBmHMaeTCJI nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbBO Ka SaXBa-
TOM B nepeABeB: lIaCTH JCOnHpa B BaTJlfllBaeTCJI Ba BByTpeBBIOIO CTOPOBY CepAellBlIKa,
nepeMem;aJlCb C BBM B BanpaBJIeBHH ABllmeBBJI. 3aXBaTW OTKpWBaIOTCJI npB HX
XOJIOCTOM xOAe, BallBBaJI OT nepeABeB: lIaCTH KOnBpa. 3aBepHyTbIe KpOMKB npllKa-
TblBaIOTCJI BaJIKaMH 6.
npB aanpaBKe JIBBBH BallaJIO CepAellBBKa nOAa,eTCJI TpaBcnop.repoM 10
K KaJIaBAPY 11. B JIBBHH YCTaBOBJIeB lIeTWpeXBaJIKOBwB KaJIaBAP 4-710-1800.
,I(JIJI yCBJIeBBJI TOp1(a CepAellBBKa 6es SaBOpallBBaBBJI peSBBW Ba 60pT KpaJI BaKJIa-
AYBaeMWX peSBBOBWX JIJlCTOB 06pesaIOTcJI Ba BaJIKaX KaJIaBApa TaK, lIT06w WJlpBBa
BaBBCaIOm;HX KpOMOK 6wJIa Be MeBee TOJIm;BBbl caMoro cepAe'IBHKa. ,AJIJI 3Toro
BaA CpeABHMH BaJIKaMB KaJIaBApa paSMem;eBW ABCKOBble BomH 12 co CJIeAJlm;HM
npBBOAoM. HOmH yCTaBOBJIeBW Ba KapeTKax, KOTopwe nepeMem;aIOTCJI rHAPO-
DpHBOAOM no BanpaBJIJlIOII(HM, SaKpenJIeBBWM MemAY CTaBBBaMH KaJIaBApa.
npH BWXOAe BS KaJIaBApa BaBHcaIOm;Be BaA CepAellBHKOM KpaJi peSBBOBOB:
06KJIaAKB SaT0p1(OBWBaIOTCJI MexaBHSMOM 13 AJIJI SaBOpallBBaBHJI KpOMOK peSHBW.
MexaBHsM BKJIIOlIaeT ABe KapeTKH, SaKpenJIeBBWe Ba OCBOBaBHH. OCBOBaBHe
nepeMem;aeTCJI Ba onopBblX KaTKax nonepeK OCH ABllmeBBJI CepAellBIIKa. llpBBOA
nepeMell(eBIIJI r paBJIB'lecKri. 'YupaBJIeBHe npHBOAOM ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI OT nBeB-
MOAaT'IBKa, CJIeAJllI(erO sa nepeMem;eHHeM KpOMKB CepAellBlIKa. nBeBMOAaTlIBK
8aKpenJIeB BenOABBmBO Ba OAUOB: BS KapeTOK. RapeTKH YCTaBaBJIHBaIOTCJI Ba
mHpBBY CepAellBBKa npB nOMOm;H BBBTOBOB napbl. llPH OTKJIOBeBHH KpOMKB
DHeBMOAaT'lBK BblAaeT CBrBaJI, H rHAPonpBBOA KoppeKTBpyeT nOJIOmeBBe KapeTKH
C nBeBMOAaT'lBKOM OTBOCBTeJIbBO KpOMKH CepAellBHKa.
TaKHM 06paSOM 06eCnellHBaeTCJI nOCTOJIBBOe nOJIOmeBHe KpOMKH CepAe'IBBKa
OTBOCBTeJIbBO KapeTOK. Ha KapeTKe SaKpenJIeBY MeXaBBSMW AJIJI aaBOpallBBaBBJI
Bep BeB H BBmBei KpOMOK, BblnOJIBeBBble B BHAe JIBHApB'leCKBX pOJIIIKOB
C pe60PAaMH, nepeMem;aIOm;:o:XCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOII(HM mTaBraM.
npH Be06xOABMOCTH TOp1(W JIeBTW MOmBO 06epBYTb YSKHMB TKaBeBYMB nOJIO-
CKaMB. B MeX8BBSMe 14 AJIJI BaJIOmeBBJI 60pTOBWX nOJIOC nOCJIeABBe nOAaIOTCJI C ro-
pHSOBTaJIbBO pacnOJIOmeBBWX 606BB. B06BBa nOAmBMaeTCJI npymBBoB K pOJIBKy,
Ay6JIBpyIOm;eMY TKaBb K TOp1(Y. RpaJi TKaBeBOB nOJIOCW SaBOpallBBaIOTCJI Ha
60pTa AByMJI KOB1I1IeCKBMH AHCKaMB, ropBSOBTaJIbBO paCnOJI02ReHBYMH Ba BepTlf-
KaJIbBOM BaJIY. ,I(HCKH OXBaTWBaIOT 60pT CB1ISY H cBepxy. BepxBBB ABCK nepeMe-
m;aeTCJI BAOJIb BaJIa B nOAmBMaeTCJI K 60PTY npY2RBBOB:. Bpam;eBBe Ba BaJI C lIHC-
KaMH nepeAaeTCJI OT pMBpyIOm;HX pOJIBKOB lIepes KOBH'leCKHe meCTepBII H peMeB-
BYIO nepeAallY.
. 01' KaJI8BApa K saKaTO'IBOMY CTaBKY CepAellBHK npOTJlfBBaeTCJI BaJIKaMH 15,
llepeA saKaTwBaBBeM JIeBTa nponYCKaeTCJI lIepes yCTaBoBKY 16 AJIJI BaBeCeBBJI
mHAKoro nOKpWTBJI Ba ee nOBepXBOCTb. TOBKHB: CJIOB: nOKpWTHJI BaBOCHTCJI CBCTe-
MOB: DpBBOAUWX I(BJIJlBAPB'leCKBX 6apa6aBOB Ba OABY CTOPOBY JIeBTW. JleBTa
MKaTWBaeTCJI B PYJIOB Ba SaKaTO'IBOM CTaBKe 17; npBBOA CTaBKa ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
01' 3JIeKTpOABllraTeJIJI nOCTOJIBBOrO TOKa, BaTJlmeBBe JIeBTW perYJIBpyeTcJI B npe-
AeJIU 0,5-2 KH/noJIOTBo. B JIBBHB AJIJI 1(eHTpBpOBaBBJI CepAellBBKa B TKaB1l,
a TaKme B MexaBBSMax 06pesaBHJI B saBePTblBaBHJI KpOMOK peSHBW npHMeB Ba
ODBCaBBaJi Bwme DBeBMOrBApaBJIJI'IeCKaJl CJIeAam;aJl CBCTeMa.
TeXBH'leCKaJl xapaKTepHCTlIKa arperaTa C lIempeXBaJIKOBWM KaJIaBAPOM
AJIJI 06KJIaAJ(1I CepAellBBKOB TpaBcnopTepBWX JIeBT npBBeAeBa BBme:
IDopBBa cep e1I1UlJ(a, IDI ......
T BBa 06JIomeBBoro cePAe'lBBRa, MM
CKOpOCTl> 06KJI KD, u/MBB . . . .
TOJJBUIBa pe3BBoBoi 06KJIaAKD, IDI
pa60'lel CTOpOBlil ...........
Bepa60'1ei CTOpOBlil ..... . . . . . . .
AJIBBa pa6O'lei !l8CTD pOJIDROB D B8JIKOB, MH
.300-t600
6-35
6-30
:::;;;6
:::;;;2
1800
464
MO BOCTb, KBT
8JIelCTpO,!I.BOraTeJUI rJlaBBOrO OpHBOAa KaJJa pa
8JIelCTpO,!l.BOraTeJlei APyrox MamHB
ra6apoTBble paSMepbl, MM
AJIBBa
mnpBBa
BHCOTa .......
Macea, T . . . . . . . .
500
60
27 000
to 000
4000
30
'YnpaBJIeBHe JIHBBeii ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI C rJIaBBOrO nYJIbTa. 'YnpaBJIJlTb OTAeJIL-
BWMB MamllBaMII MOmBO C MeCTBWX nYJIbTOB.
13.4. 060PYAOBAHHE Anfl H3rOTOBnEHHfI
6ECKOHE4HblX nEHT H PEMHEA
BeCKOBellBWe nJIOCKBe npBBoABwe peMBH npBMeBJlIOTCJI npB OTBOCIITeJIbBO
Be60JIbmBX paCCTOJlBHJlX MemAY mKHBaMB II B npBBoAax, rAe npeAycMaTpllBaeTca
perYJIllpOBaBBe Me2Rl(eBTpOBOrO paCCTOJlBBJI. OBB IISrOTaBJIBBaIOTCJI ropJllleB:
CTWKOBKOii KOBI(OB peMBJI KOBellBOB: AJIBBW llJIII npH BenocpeACTBeBBOB: c60pKe Ba'
CTaBKax. Ha OTelleCTBaBBWX saBoAax PTlI AJIJI C60PKB peMBeii Be60JIbmOB: AJIHBLI
np eBJlIOT CTaBOK cTapoii KOBCTPYK1(BII TIIna «TpeCTep), Ba KOTOpOM MOmBO
c06BpaTb JIeBTW B peMBB AJIBBOB: AO 15-20 M B mBpBBoii AO 850 MM, BJIH BsrOTOB-
JIeBByIO saBoAoM IIM. RpacBBa yCTaBOBKY AJIJI C60PKII 6eCKOBellBYX peMBeB: H JIeBT
HP'Y-63. Ha 3TOii yCTaBoBKe c60pKa peMBeii, TaKme KaK B Ba CTaBKe «TpeCTep)),
npOBSBOAHTCJI Ba ABYX 6apa6aBax: C60pOllBOM 6apa6aBe Ay6JIepa H BaTJlmBOM
6apa6aBe KapeTKB. BeTBB peMBJI n01(AepmBBaIOTCJI pOJIIIKaMH, yCTaBOBJIeBHblMH
rpynnaMH Me2RAY AByMJI 6apa6aBaMH Ba CTOB:Kax. RamAaJl CTOB:Ka MOmeT nOBopa-
'IJIBaTbCJI nBeBMO JIBBAPOM no Ayre B CTOpOBy OT c06BpaeMoro peMBJI. RapeTKa
C 6apa6aBOM nepeMem;aeTCJI no peJIbCOBOMY nYTB OT 8JIeKTpoABBraTeJIJI MOm;BOCTbIO
1 KBT. Bapa6aHbl B Ay6JIepe H B KapeTKe YCTaBOBJIeHbl KOBCOJIbBO C OABOii CTOpOBW
B B OTKBAYBaIOm;HxCJI onopax - C APyroii: HH2Re npHBeAeBa TeXBB'leCKaJl xa-
paKTepBCTIIKa y TaBoBKB:
)J.UaMeTp C60pO'lBOrO 6apa6aaa, MM
Pa6o'laH AJlBBa 6apa68Ba, MM . . .
CKOPOCTb c60pKO, M/MJfB .....
)J.JJHBa c06opaeMoi J1ellTbl, M . .
3J1eKTpo,!I.BBl'aTeJlb opBBoAa C6opo'lBOrO
6apa6aaa
TOO. . . . . . . . .
MO BOCTb, KBT . . .
'1aCTOTa Bp8ll\eBBH .
ra6apoTIIHe pasMepbl, MM
AJIBBa
mopBBa .
BblCOTa . . . . . . .
Macea, T .. . . . . . .
470
t550
t6.32
5.5-26
A063-8/4
517
720/t450
23500
3500
4000
H
JIeBTa C 6apa6aBoB CBBMaeTCJI B CTOPOBY OT yCTaBoBKB KpaB-6aJIKOB:.
,I(JIJI C60PKH JIeBT 60JIbmOB: mBpBBbl B AJIHBY BHHHPTMAID paspa60TaJI
arperaT 592.100 AJIJI C60PKH 6eCKOBellBWX JIeBT K BaKYyM- BJIbTpaM (pHC. 13.14).
ArperaT BKJIIOlIaeT nBTaTeJIb 1 B C60POllBWii CTaBOK 2.
nBTaTeJIb OOCTOHT liS Tpex ceK ii (pBC. 13.15). RamAaJl CeK1(IIJ1 BKJIIOlIaeT
KapKac CBapBOB: KOBCTPYKI(BH, Ba KOTOpOM SaKpenJIeBW TPB napw OAHBaKOBWX
paCKaTO'IBO-SaKaTOllBYX CToeK 1. nepBwe ABa CTOB:KB npeABaSBalleBW AJIJI PYJIOBOB
pesBHbl, lIempe APymx - AJIJI yaKOB: BJIB mBpOKOB: TKaB1l. Ha cToiiKax B onopax
KalleBBJI SaKpenJIeBW mDHBAeJIH C rBeSAaMH AJIJI YCTaBOBKB 606BB. BBBSY nOA
mDBBAeJIJlMH Ba nJIOm;aAJ(e 06CJIymBBaBBJI YCTaBOBJIeHbl npBBOABwe 06peSBBeBBwe
pOJIBKB 2 AJIJI saMaTWBaBHJI B pyJIOB npOKJIaAOllBOrO XOJICTa. B06BBa C XOJICTOM 3
30 aaKa8 163 4/\5
BocnpDBDMaeTCJI KOBDlIeCKDMD nOAmDnBIIKaMII OCD. Ha OCD aaKpenJIeBW meCTepBD.
OABa DS KOTOpWX BaXOARTCJI B SaI(eDJIeBHD C KOBH'leCKOi meCTepBeB: MOTOp-
peAYKTopa 20, ocym;eCTBJIJlIOm;erO paSBopOT 6apa6aBa. llpD Bpam;eBDD OCD OABO-
BpeMeBBO nOBOpallDBaeTCJI KOBCOJIbBaJI 6aJIKa C 6apa6aBOM. B pa601leM nOJIOmeBDH
G
35
10
JG H ItJ
8
H
9
20
'* 16 18 2Z
17
10 31f 37 32 2
It1
It2
45
15
19
2J
lfJ
17
If.7
1
2*
2(;
JJ 12 J8 Ji ''0 25
IJ
9
JO
PRC. t3.t6. CTaaOK J(J1J1 c60pKB OOcKOB81JBHX J1eBT:
1 - cGopO'lRhl1l GapaGaB; J1 - BaTJlltlRoll GapaGaB; 8 - BepXJIJIJI GanKa; 4 - 8aJ'OTOBKa neBThl; $ - Jly6Im.
PYlOnudI GapaGaR; 6 - DBeBMOl\llJIBRIlP; 'I - DOJUtepIKBBIIJO
e DOBOpo'J'llYe poJIBJI1!I; 8 - JleBTO'IJIId TP8BC-
DOp-rep; 9 - DpBBOI\lfolL GapaGaR TPaRCDop-repa; 10 - BaTJIIKB08 GapaGaR TPaRCDOprepa; 11 - DOIlIleplKIJ-
BlIJOnudI PomlK; 11 - KapKac KapeTKB; 18 - C'MMBHiI PomlK; 14 - BJleICTpOI\BBraTeJlb; 1$ - peJl')'JCTOP; 16 -
BeJ\yIqalf 8Be8I10'IKa; 1'1 - 8Be8I10'lKa C Kyaa'lKaMD; 18 - meCTepRJI C Kyna'IKaMD; 19 - DPOMeIKYTO'IIriodt BU;
20, 21 - MOTOP-PeJ\YKTOP; 22 - Kyna'lKOBaJl DOJJYMY4Yra; 28 - OCb DOBOpoTa; 24, 2$ - KOBCOJibBaIf GanKa;
26 - DOJIYOCb; 2'1 - OTBOIIKa; 28 - 811110K; 29 - CKOJlb8J1
1IJt M'Y4Yra; 80 - rllIlPOl\lfJllllllQ>; 81 - orpallB-
'I1ITeJJbBHil YDop; a2 - npRBOIl; aa - PeJ\YKTOP KapeTKB; 84 - 8y(1'1aTaJl DePeJ\aqa; 8$ - KaTKU; a6 - pelKa;
a'l - 9J1eICTpOMarlDlTIIbIII TOPM08; 88 - BU DOBOpoTa C meCTepBeII; 89 - 8yG'laThiIl ceKTOP; 40 - OCb DOBo-
pOTa; 41 - 8aMOK; 42 - BIIB'fOB08 8aMoK; 48 - DepeRocBoll YDOP; 44 - BhlKJDOQaTeJJb; 4$ - OCb DOBOpoTa
pMBKa; 46 - ODOpBM DJlO
8IlKa; 4'1 - BOIKU; 48 - KapeTKa 11M GoGIIBJoI C peauBoII; 49 - pe8111f8.
KOBlIlIeCKIIB: BwcTyn 6aJIKB C KOBI(OM BaJIa BenOABBmBO SanDpaeTCJI saMKOM 28 npH
nOMOm;D rDAPOI(HJIBBApa 30. Ha OABOB: OCB C 6apa6aBoM B 60KOBDBe yCTaBOBJIeB
npOMemYTOllBWB: BaJI 19 C npDBOABOB: SBesAO'IKOB: 17 D KYJIa'IKOBOi nOJIYMy
oi,
KOTOpaJl COeADBJleTCJI npB nOMOm;H nBeBMOI(1lJIHBApa H nOJIYMY
TW 22 C KYJIallKaMH
30* 467
8BeSAOllKH. Co BTOpoi CTOpOBW KOBel( OCH COeABBJleTCJI C KOBI(OM BaJIa c60pOllBOrO
6apa6aBa CKOJIbSJlm;eB: My OB: 29. llepeA paSBopOTOM 6apa6aBa OTBOAKOB: 27 My a
HepeMem;aeTCJI no OCH, oCB060mp;aJl KOBel( BaJIa 6apa6aBa. B BepXBeB: lIaCTH 60KO-
BBBW coeABBJlIOTCJI nonepe'IBOB: CBapBOB: 6aJIKOB: 3; Ba mTOKe nBeBMOI(llJIHBApa 6
B lIeTwpex BanpaBJIJlIOm;HX nOABemeBa TpaBepca C AY6JIHPYIOm;BM 6apa6aBOM 5.
llpO HJIb saroToBim JIeBTW BMeeT 66JIbmyIO TOJIm;:o:BY B CpeABeB: lIaCTH H MeBb-
myIO - npHMepBO Ba paCCTOJlBBB 100-200 MM OT KpaeB. ,AJIJI 3Toro npH c60pKe
nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbBO BaKJIaAWBaIOT TKaBb pasBoi mHpBBW. ,AJIJI npHKaTKH BepOBBoro
npO HJIJI 6apa6aB BWnOJIBeB HS OTAeJIbBWX KOJIel( mHpBBoi 10 MM H BapymBwM
,!I;HaMeTpOM 400 MM, nOABemeBBWX Ba Bpam;aIOm;eB:CJI B onopax OCH. 3asop MemAY
nOBepBOCTbIO OCH H KOJIbl(OM 40 MM. RamAoe KOJIb1(O COSAaeT YCHJIHe Ay6JIJ1pOBaB1lJl
83 H/CM. B BepxBeM nOJIOmeBBB TpaBepca C 6apa6aBoM HKCHpYeTCJI saXBaTaMH
H nBeBMOI(BJIJlBApaMH.
HaTJlmBaJl KapeTKa npeACTaBJIJleT c060B: TeJIemKY, nepeMem;aIOm;YIOCJI no Ba-
npaBJIJlIOm;HM peJIbCaM H sy611aTwM peHKaM 36. ,AJIJI paSBOpOTa 6aJIKH BMeCTe C 6a-
pa6aBoM Ba KOB1(e ee co CTOpOBW nOABHmBOB: OCH aaKpenJIeB sy611aTWB: ceKTOp 39,
sal(enJIJlIOm;HB:CJI C meCTepBeB: BaJIa nOBOpOTa 38. MOTop-peAYKTop 21 AJIJI paSBO-
pOTa 6apa6aBa yCTaBOBJIeB Ba 60KOBHBe KapKaca. CBepxy Ba KapKace KapeTKH
YCTaBOBJIeB npHBOA 32 C MY OH CKOJIbmeBIDI (llMC-2) H peAyKTOp 33. llpHBOA
onopBWX KOJIeC ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI lIepea CHCTeMY sy611aTwx meCTepeB 34.
HaTJlmeBHe nepBoro TKaBeBoro CJIOJl COSAaeTCJI nepeMem;eBHeM KapeTKH
C BaTJlmBWM 6apa6aBoM. BeJIB'lHBa BaTJlmeBBJI perYJIHpyeTcJI HSMeBeBHeM BeJIJl-
lIBBW TOKa Bos6ymAeBHJI MY W CKOJIbmeBBJI npHBOAa. llpH nepeMem;eBHH KapeTKH
Ba saAaBBWB: paSMep JIeBTW KOBe'lHblB: BWKJIIOlIaTeJIb 44 BBHSY KapeTKH Ba6eraeT
Ba ynop 43, COOTBeTCTBYIOm;nB: SaAaBBOi AJIHBe JIeBTW, H BWAaeT B cHcTeMY npHBOAa
CHrRaJI Ba ero OCTaBOB. nOcJIe AOCTHmeBHJI saAaBBoD BeJIJlllHBW BaTJlmeBHJI npHBOA
OTKJIIOlIaeTCJI, a KapeTKa YAepmHBaeTcJI B yCTaBOBJIeBBOM nOJIOmeBHH 3JIeKTpo-
MarBHTHblM KOJIOAO'lHblM TOpMOSOM 37.
R 60KOBOB: lIaCTH CTaBHBW npHKpenJIeHbl CTOBKH C nOAAepmHBaIOm;BMH nOBO-
I'0TBWMH pOJIHKaMH 7; C oABOB: CTOpOBW KOB1(W oceB: pOJIBKOB aaKpenJIeBW no-
';BHmHO Ba OCH 45, C APyrOB: CTOpOBW oDBpalOTCJI Ba nJIOm;aAKH 46 H B pa601leM
KOJIOmeBHH aaDHpaIOTCJI SaMKaMH. POJIHKH paSBOpallHBaIOTCJI rBAPOI(HJIHBApaMH
BOKpyr oceB: H YKJIaAWBaIOTCJI Ba KpOBmTeB:BW CTaBBB napaJIJIeJIbBO KpOMKe JIeUTW.
CKOpOCTb paSBOpOTa KamAoro pOJIBKa perYJIHpYeTCJI rHApaBJIB'leCKBM APOCCe-
JIeM. RpaBw ynpaBJIeB1lJl pOJIBKaMH paSMem;eHbl Ba CTOBKax. ,AaBJIeBHe MacJIa
B rBAPaBJIB'leCKOB: CHCTeMe COCTaBJIJleT 3-4 Mna; OBO cOSAaeTCJI rHAPoycTaBOB-
:KOB: THna 12A f48-22H.
TeXBH'leCKaJl xapaKTepHcTHKa arperaTa npHBeAeBa BHme:
MaKCHM8JIbBaJI mupHB8 JIeRTI>I, MM . .
AJIHB8 a8MKRyroro KOllL 8 lIeRTI>I, M
CKOpOCTL, M/MDB
c60pu ............
DepeMe eBWI R8TSUIUIOi K8peTKU
AUaMeTp, MM
c6opouoro 6apa6aa8 ........
DBeBM B pa DOA'LeM8 Ay6J1oPYIO-
lO eropoJIBKa......... .
3JIeKpoABur8TeJID DpBBoAa 8rper8T8
TaD...............
MOJJ:UlOCTL, KBT .....
'18CTOT8 Bp8Jl{eRBJI, 06/MBR
R8TSlHUlOi K8peTKB
THO ...........
MOJJ:UlOCTL, KBT .......
'18CTOTa Bp8Jl{eBBSl, 06/MDB . .
4i8
2000
to-42
6-50
to
600
300
II -62
t4 '
t500
II MC-2
2.8
1450
MOTOp-peAYJ(TOp DOBOpOTa
C60po ROrO Oapa08BOB .
faoapDTIIHe paSMepl>l, MY
AJiuRa .
mUpHBa
BI>ICOTa
Macca, T
RaTII)f(Roro U
Mn02-15II\ O
35 000
5700
3500
65
'YnpaBJIeBUe arperaToM ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI C rJIaBBOrO nYJIbTa. C 3Toro me
nYJIbTa BKJIIOlIaIOTCJI H BWKJIIOlIaIOTCJI 3JIeKTpOMarBHT we MY W nHTaTeJIJI H nBe-
IBMoKYJIallKOBWe MY W C60pOllBOrO H npHBoABoro 6apa6aBOB TpaBcnopTepa.
BosMomBo ynpaBJIeBHe nDTaTeJIeM C MeCTBWX nYJIbToB. YnpaBJIeBHe BaTJlmHOB:
KapeTKoi ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI C nYJIbTa, yCTaBOBJIeHHOrO Ba KapeTKe. ArperaT 3KC-
nJIyaTupyeTcJI Ba RypCKOM saBoAe PTH.
JleBTa c06HpaeTcJI CJIeAYIOm;BM 06paSOM. llepBwH CJIOB: TKaBH nOAaeTcJI C nH-
'TaTeJIJI, npHKpenJIJleTcJI K sanpaBO'lHblM KaBaTaM, npOTJlrHBaeTCJI BaA C60POllBWM
,6apa6aBOM U 06BOABTCJI BOKpyr BaTJlmBOrO 6apa6aBa AO saMWKaBUJI KOJIb1(a
nepBoro CJIOJl. nepeMem.eB1leM KapeTKH yCTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI onpeAeJIeBBaJi AJIJlBa
JIeBTW H SaAaeTCJI BaTJlmeBHe nepBoro CJIOJl. 3aTeM c06HpaeTCJI H 06KJIaAWBaeTCJI
.cBepxy peSHBOB: TKaBeBaJl sarOTOBKa. ,ApyraJl CTopOBa sarOTOBKH 06KJIaAYBaeTCJI
C KapeTKH 48. PesBBa nOAaeTCJI MemAY TKaBeBOB: sarOTOBKOD H C60POllBWM 6apa-
6aBoM.
,AJIJI C'beMa JIeBTW BaTJlmByIO KapeTKY nepeMem;aIOT BaCTOJIbKO, lIT06w, npH-
nOABJlB BepXBIOIO BeTBb C'beMHWM POJIHKOM, MomBO 6wJIO nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbBO pas-
BepBYTb C60POllHblD 6apa6aH H nOAAepmHBaIOm;:o:e POJIHKH. JIeBTa onYCKaeTCJI Ba
TpaBcnopTep H nOAaeTCJI JIM K BYJIKaBHsaI(HOBBOMY npeccy.
ROBCTpyKl(HJI C60pOllBOrO CTaBKa nOSBOJIJleT sa 20-30 MUB 6es SaTpaTW 60JIb-
mHX YCUJIHB: H 6es DOBpemAeBHD CBJlTb JIeBTY MaCCOB: Be MeBee 3 T. BYJIKaBUsYIOTCJI
JIeBTW H peMBH Ba lIeJIIOCTBWX npeccax.
13.6. 060PY AOBAHHE AMI H3rOTOBnEHHfI nEHT,
APMH"POBAHHb1X METAnnOTPOCOM
JIeBTw" apMHpOBaBBWe MeTaJIJIOTpOCOM (apMOJIeBTw), HSrOTaBJIHBaIOTCJI ABYX
THnOB: C peSHHOBbIMH H peSBBOTKaBeBWMH 06KJIaAKaMH CepAellBBKa. B KalleCTRe
'IIecym;ero 3JIeloleHTa JIeBTW npHMeBJlIOTCJI JIaTYBHpOBaBBwe HJIH 01(HBKOBaBBwe
TpOCW. PeSUBOBaJi HJIH peSHBOTKaBeBaJi 06KJIaAKa HSrOTaBJIHBaeTCJI Ba KaJIaBApax.
nepeA saMOTKOH B npOKJIaAOllBWD XOJICT JIHCTOBaBBaJi peSBBa lIam;e Bcero OXJJa-
*Aaerell Ba 6apa6aBax, lITO cnoc06cTBYeT ee YMAKe H cTa6HJIHSa1(HH CBOB:CTB.
{J)HpMa «RoHTHBeBTaJIb» ({J)Pf) npOHSBOABT 06pesHBHBaBHe MeTaJIJIOTpOCa
sa JIHBBB AJIJI 06pesBBHBaBHJI MeTaJIJIOKOPAa. Ha OTelleCTBeBHblX saBOAax PTH
MeTaJIJIOTpOCW 06KJIaAYBaIOTcJI pesHBoD B BaJIKaX KaJIaBApa.
ArperaT AJIJI HSrOTOBJIeBUJI JIeBT, apMHpOBaBBWX MeTaJIJIOTpOCOM, BKJIIOlIaeT
IDnYJIJlpBHK Ba 130 KaTymeK C AJIBBOB: Tpoca AO 500 M, BanpaBJIJlIOm;ne POJIHKH
,IJ;JIH paBBOMepBoro pacnpeAeJIeBHJI TpOCOB, TpeXBaJIKOBWB: KaJIaBAP, KapeTKY AJIJI
HHmBeD 06KJIaAKH, pacKaTOllHble CTODKH AJIJI BepXBeB: 06KJIaAKH, Ay6JIHpYIOII(He
BaJIKH, BYJIKaBuSaI(1loBBWB: npecc C pa601leD AJIBBOB: nJIHT OKOJIO 6000 MM H SaKaTOll-
HLIB: CTaBOK. mHpBBa HSrOTaBJIHBaeMWX JIeBT 1200 MM.
Tpoc yKJIaAWBaeTCJI B mnYJIH Ba nepeMOTOllBOM YCTpoicTBe. ,AaJIee OBH yCTa-
BaBJIHBaIOTCJI BpyqBYIO Ba mnYJIJlpBHKe B ABa 3Tama. ROBel( Tpoca cpam;HBaeTCJI
(cnJIeTaeTCJI) C KOBI(OM Tpoca BOBOD mnYJIJl. Tpoc JIaTyBHpOBaBBWB:; OB Tpe6yeT
TOJILKO nOAcymKH, AOnOJIBHTeJIbBaJl 01lHCTKa HCKJIIOlIaeTCJI.
npH HSrOTOBJIeBBB JIeBT C peSHBOTKaBeBWMH 06KJIa1(KaMH npopeSHBeBBaJl
TKaRb H JIHCTOBaBBaJl pesHBa nOArOTaBJIHBaIOTCJI H Ay6JIHPYIOTCJI Ba APyroM yqa-
CTRe. 3aroToBKa B npOKJIaAOllBOM XOJICTe yCTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI Ba CTOB:KH TeJIemKH
469
nOA TpOcaMH nepeA KaJIaHAPOM. ,AJIJI sarpysKH TeJIemKa BWABHraeTCJI B CTOPOBY.
3arOTOBKa AJIJI BepXBeH 06KJIaAKH paSMem;aeTCJI B CTOB:KaX BaA TpocaMH nOCJI&
KaJIaBApa.
13.6. 060PY AOBAHHE Anfl BY nKAHH3ALI,HH
nEHT H PEMHEA
BYJIKaBHSa1(HJI RBJIJleTCJI OABBM HS OTBeTCTBeBBWX np01(eCCOB npH HsrOTOBJIe-
BHH peMHeB: H JIeBT. 3TOT npo1(ecc ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI B rHApaBJIH'leCKHX npeccax
HJIH B MamHBax BenpepWBBOB: BYJIKaBHSaI(HH.
13.6.1. npeccbI AnSI synKaHHsaqHH neHT H peMHei1
,AJIJI BYJIKaBHsaI(BB peMBen D JIeBT KOBellBOB: AJIHBW npBMeBJlIOT rHApaBJIH-
lIeCKHe npeccw C nJIHTaMH AJIHBOB: 10 500 MM H illHPHBOB: OT 1000 AO 3800 MM.
llpeccw HsrOTaBJIHBaIOTCJI ABYX THnOB: KOJIOBBWe D paMBwe. B nOCJIeABee
BpeMJI BaXOAJlT npHMeBeBue ABYX3TamBWe npeccw.
PUC. t3.t7. 3amIlMBO-paCTJDKBOe YCTpoiicTBO:
1 - KPOlIIDTeiIR; 2 - InIJIIIRJtP; a - WTOK; 4 - D0JI8yH; $ - lfaDpaBJIJllOlQIJe; (J - ReDOIIBB1KIfM GanKa 8a-
IKBMHoro DpUCDocoGnelDlJl; 7 - DOIlBU)IIBalf (iBJIKa 81UKB11B0ro npUCDocoGneRIIII; 8,10 - DnyJl)llephl; 9, 11-
nBJllllfIlPhl; 12 - YJ)aBBOBenmBalOlQIJe nBJIIIRIIPhl; 1 a - DeptIlBB1KHM TeDe)llKa.
nepeA BYJIKaHHsa1(HeH peMHD II JIeBTW nOABepraIOTCJI BWTJlmKe. PaSMep'
BblTJlmKH saBHCHT OT MaTepHaJIa JIeHTW H onpeAeJIJleTCJI OnWTBWM nYTeM. BWTJlmKa
cnoc06cTByeT BwpaBBHBaBIIIO BaTJI)KeHHJI npOKJIaAOK H YMeBbmeBHIO OCTaTOllBoro>
YAJIHBeHHJI HSAeJIHJI. BWTJlmKa peMBeH HS XJIonllaT06yMamBWX TKaBeB: COCTaBJIJleT
AO 10%, JIeBT - 3-4%. JIeBTw HS CIIBTeTHlIeCKHX TKaBen nOABepraIOTCJI em;e
60JIbmeB: BbITJlmKe. ,AJIJI 8TOB: 1(eJIH Ba KOB1(aX BYJIKaBHSa1(HOBBoro npecca npeA-
YCMOTpeBW SamBMBO-paCTJlmBWe YCTpOB:CTBa. tJam;e co CTOpOBbI BXOAa JIeBTh!
B npecc YCTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI samHMBo-paCTRmBoe YCTPOB:CTBO, a co CTOpOHbl BwxOAa -
TOJIbKO samHMHoe.
Ha pHC. 13.17 nOKasaBa KOBCTPYKI(HJI SamBMBO-paCTJlmBOrO YCTpOHCTBa.
C 06eHX CTOpOB nOABHmHoro CTOJIa, Ha KOTOpOM CMOBTHpOBaBa B1ImRJIJl nJIHTa,
yCTaBOBJIeBW KpOBmTeB:BW 1. Ha KpOBillTeB:BaX DMeIOTCJI I(HJIDBAPW 2 C nOpmBJlMB
470
11 illTOKOM 3,. KOTOpWD CBJlSaB C nOJISyBOM 4, ABHmym;BMcJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;BM 5.
HBXpOBBOCTb ABBmeBHJI mTOKOB 06eCnellHBaeTCR BaJIH'lHeM ABYX sy611aTwx
peeK C meCTepBJlMH. lloJIsyB 4 CBJlSaH C BHmBeB: 6aJIKOB: 6 samHMBoro npHcno006-
JIeBHJI, a B BepXBeB: lIaCTH OB RMeeT BanpaBJIJlIOm;yIO AJIJI BepxBeD nOABHmBOB:
-oaJIKH 7 SamBMBOro npHcnoc06JIeB1lJl. llJIyBmep 8 rBApaBJIH'leCKOrO I(HJIHBApa 9
.ocym;ecTBJIJleT nepeMem;eBHe 6aJIKH 7 BBDS AJIJI samBMa peMBJI HJIH TpaBCnoPTepBoi
.JIeBTw. llOA'l>eM 6aJIKH npOHSBOABTCJI nJIYBmepOM 10 rIlAP01(HJIBBApa 11. C 6aJIKOB: 6
COeAJIBeBW Cne1(HaJIbHble ypaBBoBemHBaIOm;He I(1IJIHBAPW 12, HaXOAJlm;:o:eCJI nOA
nOCTOJIBBYM AaBJIeBHeM. 3TO CAeJIaBO AJIJI Toro, lIT06w nJIJlTa npecca Be nporB-
-6aJIaCb nOA AeB:CTBHeM Beca samHMBO-paCTJlmBWX npHcnoc06JIeBHD. Ropnyc
JIHBApa 12 SaKpenJIeB Ba TeJIemKe 13, nepeMem;aIOm;eDCJI OAHOBpeMeBBO C pa-
eTJlmBWM npHcnoc06JIeBHeM, KOTopoe UMeeT WRaJIy, nOSBOJIJlIOID;yIO KOBTPOJIH-
pOBaTb BWTJlmKY HSAeJIHJI AO 1 M.
llpoABHmeBHe TJlmeJIWX JIeBT BAOJIb nJIHT K saKaTOllBOMY YCTPOHCTBY ocy-
eCTBJIJleTCJI sanpaBOllBWMH KOB1(aMH. ,AJIJI 06JIerqeBHJI MoB: Onepa1(HH Ba KOB1(aX
'1 '* 3
6
,
PBC. is.tS. ¥CTpoicTBO AU 'YCT8lloBltB .lUllleelt:
1 - mnrra npecca; 2. 8 - BeDO.umtal1lJl R DOIIBB1KIfaIi mmeiIKR; 4 - C118IIIf8JI Kaml6po-
BO'lR8JI mmeiIKa; $ - perYJJRpOBO'lRhle raiIKII; 6 - paCTIIlKlfoe JCTPOIICTBO; , - Byn-
KaBII8yeM8JI nellTa.
npecca YCTaBaBJIHBaIOT BanpaBJIJlIOm;He pOJIHKH HJIH npOTJlrUBaIOm;ee npHCnO-
eo6JIeBHe, OOCTOJlm;ee HS mTaBrH, npHBOABMOD B ABBmeBHe OT 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI.
llpH BYJIKaBHsaI(Hlf JIeBT C peSHBOBOD 06KJIaAKOB: AJIJI 06ecnelleBBJI rJIaAKOB: no-
BepXBOCTH HSAeJIHJI, TO'IBOB: umpHBW H TOJIm;:o:BW H npaBHJIbBOCTH KpOMOK no KpaJlM
nJIHT yKJIaAWBaIOT CTaJIbHble HJIH AIOpaJIIOMUBHeBwe OrpaBH'lHTeJIbHble JIHBeB:KH.
JIHBeiKa AOJImHa 6WTb Ba 1-4 MM Bwme JIeBTW (B saBBCHMOCTH OT ee TOJIm;HBW).
CMem;eB1le JIJlBeeK npeAynpemAaeTCJI nOCTaBOBKOB: ynopHblx SaKJIaAOK Ba BHmBeR:
DJI:BTe npecca. llpHMeBJlIOTCJI YCTpOB:CTBa AJIJI yCTaBoBKH JIBBeeK Ba saAaBBYIO
umpBBY JIeBTW (pHC. 13.18). B npeccax 60JIbWHX paSMepOB AJIJI 06JIerlleBHJI
()nYCKaBHJI IIJIJITW, BWpaBBHBaB1lJl ee xOAa B 06JIerlleBHJI OTpWBa JIeBTW YCTaBa-
BJIHBaIOTCJI BOSBpaTHble 1(HJIJlBAPW. HSBecTBo Cne1(HaJIbBOe npHcno006JIeBHe
(pHC. 13.19), BKJIIOlIaIOm;ee rpynDy pOJIHKOB, COeABBeBBWX ABYMJI napaJIJIeJIbBYMH
TpOCaMH 4, KOTopWe nponycKaIOTcJI nOA JIeBTOB: 00 CTOpOBW SaKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa.
Tpocw BaMaTWBaIOTCJI nOOllepeABO Ba ABa npHBOABWX 6apa6aBa 5.
,AJIJI npeAoxpaBeBHJI JIeBTW OT npHJIHnaBHJI K nJIHTaM nOCJIeAHHe nOKpWBaIOT
eMaSKOD. B KalleCTBe CMaSKH npHMeBJlIOT BOABYIO 3MYJIbCmo CHJIUKOHOBoro MaCJIa,
mHAKnB: CTeapaT I(BBKa HJIH pacTBOp MWJIa. B nOCJIeABee BpeMJI C ycnexoM npBMe-
BJleTCJI CHJIHKOBOBWD JIaK, KOTOpWB: MOmeT COXpaBJlTbCJI Ba nOBepXBOCTH nJIHT
6es AonOJIBHTeJIbBOD CMaSKH B TelleB1le 2-3 BeAeJIb.
Y CHJIHe, C KOTOpYM B1ImBJIJI DJlBT8 AaBHT Ba BepXBIOIO, SaBHCBT OT AaBJIeBHJI
»CHAKOCTB, nJIOm;aAB nJIyBmepa H lIUCJIa nJIYBmepOB. ,l(JIJI MOm;HblX npeCCOB
47t
YCHJIHe MOmeT AOCTHraTb 10' KH. 06m;ee yCHJIHe npecca, OTBeceBBoe K nJJOm;aAH
BYJlKaBHsyeMoro peMBJI UJIH JleBTW, onpeAeJIJleT AaBJleHHe npeccOBaBHJI. ,AaBJleHHe'
Ba nJlBTax npecca saBHCHT OT TOJlm;HBW peMBJI H THna TKaBH H paBBO 1-4 Mna.
,AaBJleBUe npeCCOBaBHJI AOJlmBO npeOAOJleBaTb pacnopBwe YCHJlHJI, cosAa-
BaeMwe BYJIKaBHsyeMOB: JleBTOB:, B JlI060M MeCTe nOBepxBocTH. 3BalleB;He AaBJIeBHJI
OKaSWBaeT cym;ecTBeBBoe BJQlJlBHe Ba KalleCTBO JleBT. nOBwmeBHe AaBJIeBHJI AJIJI
XJIonllaT06YMamBwx TKaBeH BWSWBaeT BeSBallHTeJIbBOe nOBHmeBHe npOllBOCTH
CBJlSH MemAY npOKJIaAJ(aMH H nOTepIO JleBTaMH 3J1aCTHlIeCKHX CBOB:CTB (ru6KOCTH,
YAJlHBeBHJI). ,AJIJI JIeBT HS CHBTeTH'IeCKHX TKaBeB:, Ha060poT, npOllBOCTb Ba pac-
CJlOeBHe SBallHTeJlbBO BospacTaeT. 3TO 06 JlCBJleTCJI TeM, lITO C YBeJlH'leBHeM Aa-
BJleB1lJl npeCCOBaBHJI npoMemYTOllBWi cJloi peslfBw HBTeBCHBBee np6BBKaer
B nOBepxBOCTBWB: CJlOB: TKaBH H MeXaBHlIeCKH SaKpenJIJleTcJI B npo1(ecce BYJlKa-
BHsa1(llH. YBeJlHlIeBHe AaBJIeBHJI npecCOBaBHJI TaKme YMeBbmaeT 3J1aCTJI'IeCKH&
CBOB:CTBa JleBT, BO BeSBallUTeJlbBO. ,AJIJI JleBT HS xJlonllaT06YMamBWx TRaBei
peKoMeBAyeTCJI AaBJleBHe 1,0-1,5 Mna, us CHBTeTUlIeCKHX TKaBeB: - 2-3 Mna.
7
6
2
,
J
Pac. t3.t9. npacnoc06JIeBae AJISI OTpHBa JIeaTH:
1 - Dpecc; 2 - POJIRKII; a - RanpaBJVIJOJUBiI IIIRIIB; 4 - 11100; $ - DPRBORBoII Ga-
paGaR; 6 - pOJlbr8B1'; 7 - neRTa.
BYJlKaBUSa1(UJI JleBTW B npecce npOHSBOAHTCJI yqacTKaMH, paBBWMH AJIBB&
nJlHT. TpaBCnOpTepBaR JleBTa, KaK BCJlKOe OpMOBOe USAeJllle, CHallaJIa npec-
CYeTCJI, a saTeM BYJIKaBHSYeTCJI. C 60KOBWX CTOpOB JleBTa OrpaBHlIHBaeTCJI nJlaB-
KaMH. CnepeAH H csaAH YBK1(HIO npecc- pMW BWnOJIBJlIOT OXJlam.!l;aeMble SOHbl
nJIHT. ,AJlUBa SOBW OXJlamAeBHJI COCTaBJlJleT 150-250 MM. 3Toro BnOJlBe AocTa-
TOllBO, lIT06w us6emaTb nOABYJlKaBHSa H CWPOH JleBTW Ba BxoAe B npecc II nepe-
BYJIKaBUSa1(1fB Ba BwxoAe.
llocJIe BWTJlmKH JleBTW B SamBMBO-paCTJlmBWX YCTpOB:CTBaX nJIJlTW npecca
CMWKaIOTCJI nOA AeB:CTBHeM BUSKoro AaBJIeBUJI B rHAPOCHCTeMe, a saTeM BHSKO&
. AaBJIeBHe nepeKJlIOlIaeTCJI Ba BWCOKoe. llOA1>eMBWe U rJlaBBWe 1(HJlHBAPW COSAaIOT
YCUJlHe npeCCOBaBHJI, Be06xOABMOe AJlJI np01(eCca BYJIKaBHSa1(BB. JIeBm TOJlm;H-
HOB: 15 MM npeccYIOTCJI cpasy nOA BWCOKHM AaBJleBHeM, B TO BpeMJI KaK npH TOJl-
m;BBe 06KJlaAKH cBwme 4 MM JleBTa BWAepmUBaeTCJI B TelleBDe 2-3 MBB npH BHS-
KOM AaBJleBHH, lITO cnoc06CTByeT JlyqmeMY opMoBaBHIO H AOCTumeBUIO 60Jlee BW-
COKoi TeKyqecTH peSHBW, saTeM JleBTa npeccyeTcJI nOA BWCOKBM AaBJleBHeM. ,AaJlee
npOHSBOAHTCJI nOAnpeCCOBKa, T. e. nJIBTW npecca paSMWKaIOTCJI Ba BeCKOJIbKO
MHJIJIDMeTpOB H cpasy me CMWKaIOTCJI nOA AeHCTBueM BWCOKoro AaBJleB1lR.
B paMHblX H KOJlOBBWX npeccax B KalleCTBe TenJlOBOCBTeJIJI HCnOJIbSYIOT nap
H ropJl'lYIO BOAY nOA AaBJIeB1leM (neperpeTYIO BOAY). nOABOA napa H OTBOA KOB-
AeBcaTa HS BUmBeB: nOABHmBOB: nJlllm npecca ocym;eCTBJlJlIOTCJI no Tpy60npoBOAaM
C illapBHpBWMH CQeABBeBHJlMH, a us BepXBeB: nJlHTbI - no COOTBeTcTByIOm;BM
Tpy60npoBOAaM.
llpH npBMeBeBBB CHBTeTUlIeCKUX BOJlOKOB CTpeMJlTCJI CBeCTU K MHBHMYMY
ycaAJ(y HSAeJIHB: nocJle BYJlKaBHSa HH, AJlJI lIero nepeA BwrpYSKoi HS npecca
JIeBTW OXJlamAaIOT npBMepBO AO 100 °C. 3Ta Onepa1(HJI npoDsBOAHTCJI nYTeM no-
AallH oXJIamAaIOm;ei BOAY B nJIBTW npecca. OXJlamAeBHe JleBTW B nJlHTaX Beo6-
XOABMO TaKme AJlJI Toro, lIT06w Hs6emaTb BcnYllHBaBHJI H nOJlBJIeBHJI nyswpei,
472
()6paSYIOm;HXCJI us-sa BaJIHlIUJI OCTaTKOB BJIarH. II pH OXJIamAeBHH SBallHTeJIbBO
YMeBbmaeTCJI BWAeJIeBHe BpeAHblX raSOB H YJIyqmaeTcJI TOBapBWB: BH JIeBTW.
OABaKO OXJIamAeBHe BWSWBaeT BeKOTopoe CBHmeBHe npOH3BOAHTeJIbHOCTH npecca
H B03BHKBOBeBHe BanpJlmeBHJI B nJIBTax BCJIeACTBHe peSKHX KOJIe6aBHD TeMne-
paTYpw.
TeXBBlIeelCBe xapaKTepHCTHICB npeeCOB «(reBpUX Pay»). no peilleBHIO
C3B OTelleCTBeBBwe 3aBOAW PTlI OCBam;aIOTCJI npeccaMH HpMW «feBpHX
Pay) (f,AP).
HSrOTaBJIUBaIOTCJI npeccw nJiTH THnopaSMepOB no illupHBe JIeBTW: 1,2; 1,6;
2,0; 2,5 H 2,9. llPH peAyI(BpOBaBHH AaBJIeBHJI Ba BHX MorYT 6WTb USrOTOBJIeBW
H 60JIee YSKHe JIeBTW. AJIJlBa pa601leB: lIaCTH nJIHT 10 M. ,AaBJIeBHe npeCCOBaBHJI
paBBO 2,5-4,0 Mna. nJIDTW BarpeBaIOTCR BOAOB:, BMeIOm;eH TeMnepaTYPY AO
180 °C H BaXOAJlm;eB:CJI nOA AaBJIeBUeM AO 2 Mlla.
llpeccw UMeIOT paMBYIO KOBCTpyK1(HIO. YCHJIHe npeCCOBaBHJI BocnpuBH-
MaeTcJl10-12 paMaMH HS CTaJIbBOrO JIHCTa C Bwpe3aMH AJIJI SaKpenJIeBUJI BepXBero
H BHmBero CTOJIOB H rJIaBBWX I(HJIHBAPOB. CTOJIW BWnOJIBeBW CBapBW fH, COTO-
BOB: KOBCTPyK1(HH. HarpeBaTeJIbBWe nJIHTW USrOTaBJIHBaIOTCR H3 BWCOKOKalle-
CTBeBBOD CTaJIH, nOBepXBOCTb CTOJIOB mJIH OBaBBaJi. B nJIHTax npOCBepJIeBW
KaBaJIW, no KOTOpWM ABHmeTCJI TenJIOBOCHTeJIb. HeCKOJIbKO KaBaJIOB Ba KOB1(aX
DJIHT npeABaSHalleBW AJIJI KPyroBoro OXJIamAeBUR. B KamAOD nJIJlTe HMeeTCR
J1J1Tb SOB BarpeBa, lITO 06eCne'IHBaeT paBBOMepHblB: BarpeB nOBepXBOCTH nJIHT.
B nepcneKTUBe npeAnOJIaraeTCJI YBeJIH'lHTb AHaMeTp OTBepCTHD KaBaJIOB, YMeBb-
mHTb paCCTOJlBHe MemAY BBMH H YBeJIHlIUTb lIHCJIO SOH BarpeBa, lITO AaCT BOS-
MomBOCTb AOCTHrByTb JIyqmero pacnpeAeJIeBHJI TeMnepaTYpw no nOBepXBOCTH
DJIBTW, YMeBbWHTb paSBOCTb TeMnepaTYP nOABOAHMOB: H CJIHBaeMOB: BOAW H AO-
6HTbCJI 60JIee 6WCTporo nporpeBaBHJI BBYTpeBBUX CJIOeB JIeBTili.
nOABOA H OTBOA BarpeBaIOm;eB: B OXJIamAaIOm;eD cpeA ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI B Bepx-
BeD BarpeBaTeJIbBOB: nJIUTe lIepes BenOABUmBWB: pacnpeAeJIUTeJIbHblB: TPy60-
npOBO.A, a B BHmBeB: - lIepes pacnpeAeJIBTeJIbBWB: TPy60npoBOA H TeJIeCKODB'leCKHe
-cOeABBeBHJI.
MemAY nJIDTOB: 'II CTOJIOM npOJIOmeB TenJIOHSOJIHPYIOm;HB: enoi HS ac6eCTa
11 CTeKJIJIBBOrO BOJIoi<Ba, npOnBTaBBblX CMOJIOB:. 3aMWKaBHe nJIHT npecca npous-
BOAHTCJI nOA'beMBWMH 1(HJIBBApaMH. I(HJIHBAPW BWnOJIBeHbl HS KOBaBOB: CTaJIH,
BTYJIKa - MBOrOCJIOHBaJi 6pOBSOBaJl; nJIyBmep CAeJIaB HS KOBaBOB: CTaJIH, pa601laR
nOBepxBOCTb nOJIHpOBaBBaJl. YCHJIUe npeCCOBaBHJI cosAaeTCJI rJIaBBWMH 1(HJIBB-
ApaMH, KOTopwe paSMem;aIOTCR B OAHB HJIH ABa pJlAa. fJIaBHble 1(HJIBBAPW npecco-
BaBHJI' H3rOTOBJIe}IH HS CTaJIbBOrO JIJlTbJl, nJIYBmepw - H3 oT6eJIeBBOrO lIyryBa.
llOJIBpOBaBBwe nJIyumepw C MBOrOCJIOB:BYMH 6POBSOBWMH BanpaBJIJlIOm;UMH BTYJI-
KaMH H peSHBOBWMH MaBmeTaMH C TKaBeBOD npOCJIOBKOB: XOpOillO sapeKOMeBAOBaJIH
-ce6J1 B 3KCnJIyaTa1(HH. fHApaBJIH'leCKaJl CHCTeMa npecca pa60TaeT nOA B1ISKBM
AaBJIeBHeM - 2,5 Mna B BWCOKBM - 25 Mna. B KalleCTBe rHApaBJIB'leCKOB:
mHAKOCTH npHMeBJleTCJI BOAa C npHcaAKoD 8MYJIbraTOpa, KOTOpWB: JlBJIJleTCJI CMas-
KOB: AJIR BanpaBJIJlIOm;HX nJIyBmepOB, ynJIOTBeB1lD B AeTaJIeB: KJIanaBOB. llpeccw
.o60PYAYIOTCJI HBAHBHAyaJIbBWM rHApaBJIHlIeCKBM npHBOAOM, COCTOJlm;HM HS CTpoeB-
Boro BarBeTaTeJIbBOrO Bacoca, KOMnpeccopa H rHApaBJIH'leCKOrO aKKYMYJIJlTOpa.
nOABOA DBTaBHJI K nOABHmBblM JIUBApaM npecCOBaBHJI ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI lIepes
mapBupHble TPy6Bwe CoeABBeBUJI. B nepcneKTHBe npeAYCMOTpeB nepexOA Ba rH6-
Kue mJIaBrB.
llpH saMWKaBBB nJIHT npecca B nOA'beMBWe 1(HJIHBAPW nOAaeTCJI
mHAKOCTb B1ISKOrO AaBJIeHUJI. OABOBpeMeBBo OBa nocTynaeT B rJIaBHble
I(HJIBBAPW lIepes KJIanaBW SanOJIBeBHJI 6es AaBJIeBUJI. npH nOJIBOM saMWKa-
BBB nJI:BT BKJIIOlIaeTCJI BWCOKoe AaBJIeIiHe. 3TOT MeTOA AeilleBJIe, lIeM 3anOJIBe-
HHe HJIHBAPOB nOA AaBJIeBHeM, TaK KaK AJIJI 60JIbilleD lIaCTH XOJIOCTOrO XOAa
DJIBT pacXOAYeTCR JIHWb Be3BallHTeJIbBOe KOJIH'leCTBO BOAW nOA AaBJIeBueM.
473
llapaJIJIeJIbBOCTb SaMWKaBHJI nJIHT 06eCnellHBaeTCJI rHApaBJIHlIeCKUM YCTPo-UCTBOM
paBBOMepBOrO xOAa.
,AJIJI YCTaBOBKU OrpaBH'lHTeJIbBWX JIHBeeK Ba npeccax npBMeBJleTCJI rUApo-
MeXaBB'leCKOe YCTpOB:CTBO nepeCTaBOBKH JIBBeeK C 6eCCTyDeB1laTWM nepeMeJI(eBHeM
AO 15 MM. YCTPOB:CTBO BKJIIOlIaeT sy611aTwe peUKH, SaKpenJIeBBWe B8: 60Ko-BUBaX
nJIHTW, OT KOTOpWX npHBOAJlTCJI 8KCI(eBTpHKOBWe KYJIallKH, pacnpeAeJIeBBWe no
Bceu AJIBBe Dpecca. nepeMem;eBue peB:KH ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI OT rHAPOI(HJIUHApa.
RYJIallKH BOSBpam;aIOTCJI B nepBOHallaJIbBOe nOJIOmeBHe nOA AeUCTBHeM BOSBpaTBWX
npymBB.
llpeccw OCBam;aIOTCJI SamBMBWM H SamBMBO-paCTJlmBWM YCTpOB:CTBaMH.
ROBTpOJIb TeMnepaTypBoro pemulda BYJIKaBHSaI(HH ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI saMepOM
TeMnepaTYPW B ABYX TOllKaX BarpeBaTeJIbBWX nJIHT U BO Bcex TOllKaX CJIHBa. llpH
6 9
.,
Pac. 13.20. Dpecc cJiapMH .fes-
PBX Pay.;
1 - paMa; 2, 3 - BcpXJIIIA B RIDI{-
Bull CTOJIhI C RarpeBaTeJlbIlHMll Dnll-
Tan; 4 - DO,ll'beMlUolJlI{RJIIIIfIIP; $ -
rnaBRhIA I{RJIlJlfIlp; 6 - rBJIpaBJDl'le-
CKull npRBOIl; 7 - aaHlJOlBOe YCTpoA-
CTBO; 8 - aaltlUMHo-paCTlf1RHoe YC-
TPOACTBO; 9 - DYJlbT ynpaB.JJeRRIf.
nOMOm;n nepeKJIIOlIaTeJIJI TOlleK HSMepeBlfJl no HBADKaTOpBOMY Dpu60PY MomBO
ODpeAeJIUTb TeMnepaTYPY B JII060B: SOBe BarpeBa. RpOMe Toro, meC!J'BI(BeTBWB:
caMoDBCeI( perHcTpHpyeT pesYJIbTaTW HSMepeBHJI TeMnepaTYpw B DJlTB 30Bax
.II BY'lepllHBaeT rpa HK A8BJIeBUJI npeCCOBaBHJI. YnpaBJIeBHe Dpecca DpOHSBOAUTCR
C rJIaBBorO nYJIbTa B aBTOMaTH'leCKOM HJIJI pyqBOM pemBMe.
Ha pUC. 13.20 nOKasaB 06m;nB: BHA npecca «feBpHx Pay». TeXBB'leCKH9
xapaKTepHCTHKH pJlAa npeCCOB AaBW B Ta6JI. 13.2.
OXJIIDKAeBBe JIeBT DO B8TJDKeB1leM. TpaBCnOpTeplIHe JIeBm us CHBTeTHlIeCKHX
TKaBeB: nOCJIe BYJIKaBHsaI(HH AaIOT ycaAKY. Y cTpaBeBue ycaAJ(H OXJIamAeBHeM
B Dpecce CBHmaeT npOHSBOABTeJIbBOCTb npecca AO 40% H npHBOAUT K CBHmeBUIO
ero cpOKa cJIym6w.
Ha pHC. 13.21 nOKasaB8 YCTaBOBKa AJIJI BYJIKaBHSaI\1lH II OXJI8mAeBHJI JIeBT
nOA BaTJlmeBHeM. B YCTaBOBKe C BaTJlmHblMH ry6KaMH (pHC. 13.21, a) nOCJIe
BYJIKaBHSaI(HH OTpeSKa JIeBm DOCJIeABJlJI nepeMem;aeTCJI SaKaTOllBYM CTaBKOM 4
Ba AJIHBy npecca. 3amBMBOe YCTpOB:CTBO 5 H BaTJlmBWe ry6KH 9 SamBMaIOT JIeBTY
H BWTJlrHBaIOT Ba Be06xoAJIMYIO BeJIB'lHBY, nOCJIe lIero npecc saKpWBaeTCJI, H DpO-
HCXOAHT BYJIKaBHsa1(HJI. JleBTY MomBO BYTJlrBBaTb nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbBO: yqacToK
AJIJI BYJIKaBHSaI(HH MemAY YCTpOB:CTBaMH 5 H 6 U yqacToK AJIJI OXJIamAeBHJI MemAY
YCTpo-icTBOM 5 H BaTJlmBWMH ry6KaMH 9. Ha CTOJIe 3 JIeB a MOmeT 6WTb nOABeprBYT8
HBTeBcHBBoMY OXJIamp;eBIIIO BOSAYXOM. Ha pHC. 13.21,6 DOKasaBa yCTaBoBK8
BToporo THna, B KOTOpOB: JIeHTa BYTJlrHBaeTCJI sa ClIeT paSBOCTU CKOpOCTeB: Bpam;e-
474
T a6Aulfa 13.2. TeXBJI1Iet\RAft xapalC'l'epBtTllaA apeeCOB ..p..... « reBpBx Pay"
as I & , I
I E t
Ii '" ,lJ;aBJIeBBe ,- ralJapBTlIWe pa8Mephi
..
- B rBJIpa- 1'1' 0; '"
.. BJlll'lecKoA :;/11 1:1 1:1 '" npecca, MM
i CBCTelle, CI
.',Q . I'
'" MDa H '" -.
pa3Mep 0:: 1: iE"":i iE "0 .. ..
YCHnDe :.;
Ha rpeu- CI '5 TRII '" 11111.. 1111 '" TennOHOCD- 11: 0 cO
HB,u;eKC Mo,u;enll n p:rc:ia. TenhRhlX '" npRBo,u;a 0:: .", i II Tenh ; 8.
III iE .. ..III 0
DJlHT, MM CI '" '" I "'Iii
'" t "'.. 0::11 11!
8 "'''''! =:1 '"
- 8 "'. II CI
III 0 8 t .. I ' 1- S s
'" ; , :.; gll, aI
0:: 0:: :.; 0 ."' U. = M !
.. Iii o i li o 0 i 0 0
"'''' "'III & '" :II
'" ::a::: .. I:tQa ::aiE 1:1.11 1:1. ..
215 384,6 10 600 X 3,6 1 rpyooo- 4,5 2,5 20,0 700 260 260 nap ,156- . 180 14600 2390 3400
-g- -
(38.46) X 890 BOB
4200-1600 x 10000 420 (42) 10 300 X 2,8 2 lf nBH- 60,0 2.5 31,5 540 650 305 nap, oepe- 150 180 13500 3000 3245 155
x t 700 m'8JJL- --r rpeTaR 200 380
BWii Bo a
331-105A 420 (42) to 300 X 2,5 1 To )ICe 40,0 25.0 540 600 600 neperpeTaR 200 320 13500 3000 3245
2,5 Ir 155
X 1700 BOAa
264 455,4 to 300 X 2,07 1 4,5 20,0 440 600 600 Tome 151 400
)) 2,5 12 - - - -
(45,54) X 2200
5200-2000 X 4000 520 (52) 10 300 X 2,5 t 40,5 440 600 600 t51 13500 3500
)) 2,5 25,0 12 )) 400 5520 195
X 2200
900-017 560 (56) 2,64 85,0 2,0 31,5 440 650 650 13 500 3020
to 300 X t )) 25,0 12 )) 151 400 5385 185
x2120
6500-2500 X 10000 650 (65) to 300 X 2,5 t 40 25,0 550 600 600 151 13600 4000 6090 267
)) 2,5 12 )) 600
X 2600
7500-2900 X 10 000 i750 (75) 10 300 X 2,5 40 2.5 25,0 550 600 600 15t 13600 4300 6235 317
t )) 12 )) 750
X 3000
BHJI TOpMOSHblX 7 H lIaTJlmBWX 8 6apa6aBoB. PasBocTb CKopocTeH MomeT 6WTb
DOA06paua B SaBBCHMOCTH OT meJIaeMOB: Ae pMaI(BB JIeBTW. MaKCHMaJIbBOe yCHJIH9
paCTJlmeBHJI AOCTHraeT 0,4 MH, H AJIJI JIeBT CHBTeTH'leCKHX TRaBeB: MomBO nOJIy'lHTb
YAJIBBeBHe AO 11 %. llocJIe TaKoro OXJIamAeBHJI oCB060mAeBBaJl JIeBTa TepReT
npHMepBo nOJIOBBBy nOJIyqeBBoro YAJIBBeBHJI. B cpaBBeBHH C o'XJIamAeBUeM
6
J
7
2
J
8
PBC. t3.2t. 'YCTaBOBKa l1.JIlI BYllRaBB38.l\HB B OXJI8)J(/1,eUBJI JIeBT nol1. B8TJVReBBeu:
a - C RaTJIIKlDollUl ryGKaMB; 6 - C HaTJlIKR1>IMJI GapaGaBaMB; 1 - paCKaTO'IIIIdt CTaBOK; 2 - Dpecc; 8 - CTOJI
o:r.nalK,QeBJIII; 4 - 8aKATO'IRhIiI CTaBOK; $ - 8alKlDlRoe YCTpOIlCTBO npecca; 6 - 8aIKBMBo-paCTlfIKRoe yCTpoll-
CTBO; 7 - TOplI08Rh1e GapaGIUIH; 8 - BaTlflKlfhle GapaGaRhl; 9 - RaTJlIKRhle ryGKII.
, JIeBT BenOCpeACTBeBBO B nJIBTaX npecca yCTaBoBKa AaeT SBallUTeJIbBWB: 3KOBOMH-
lIeCKHB: 3 eKT Be TOJIbKO sa ClIeT COKpam;eBHJI ycaAKH JIeBT, BO H sa ClIeT nOBYme-
BHJI npOUSBOADTeJIbBOCTH npecca, COKpam;eBHJI paCXOAOB Ba ero 06CJIymHBaBHe,
- YBeJIJI'IeBHJI cpOKa cJIym6w npecca. Y CTaBOBKa paSpa60TaBa B qCCP.
13.6.2. npeccbI Ami synKaHHsaqHH 6eCKOHe'fHblX
neHT H peMHe
BeCKQBellBWe peMBH H JIeBTW BYJIKaBHsYIOTCJI B lIeJIIOCTBLIX npeccax c nJIH-
TaMH AJIHBOB: OT 1,5 AO 5 M. "pecc BMeeT KOBCOJIbBYe CTaJIbHble CTaBHBW, CKpenJIeB-
Bwe MemAY c060B: CTJlmBYMB 60maMB. K CTaJIbBOMY KapKacy CBHSY KpenJlTCJI
I(HJIBBAPW; BHmBHB: nOABHmBwu CTOJI npHBOADTCJI B ABHmeBHe nJIYBmepaMH rHA-
pOI(HJIBBAPOB. llpOMemYTO'IBaJI nJIHTa CKOJIbSHT no BanpaBJIRIOm;:o:M, npUKpenJIeU-
HblM K lIeJIIOCTJlM npecca. llpeccw cBa6meHbl paCTJlmHblMH yCTpOB:CTBaMH AJIJI
BWTJlmKH JIeBT nepeA BYJIKaB1lsaI(HeB:.
Ha OTelleCTBeBBYX saBoAax PTlI AJIJI BYJIKaBBSal\HH peMBeB: H JIeBT mHpHuoi
AO 1600 MM B AJIHBOU OT 5600 AO 8000 MM npBMeBJlIOT npecc TIlDa "-703 HOBO-
cH6HpCKoro saBoAa «TJlmCTaBKOrHnpOnpecc» (pHC. 13.22).
"pecc OTBOCHTCJI K THny lIeJIIOCTHblX KOJIOBBbIX npeCCOB C ABYMJI 3TamaMH.
BepxBJIJI 1 H B1ImBJIJI nOnepellBBa 2 meCTKO CBJlSaHbl ABYMJI BenOABUmBWMH KO-
JIOBBaMJI 3. B BUmBeB: nOnepe'llfBe SaKpenJIeBW ABa rJIaBBWX I(HJlBBApa 4 co CTO-
JIOM 5. ,ApyrHe ABe KOJIOBHbl 6 AJIJI sanpaBKH JIeBTW MorYT nOABBMaTbCJI rHAPo-
1(JIJIHBAPOM 7 AHaMeTpOM 120 MM. B pa601leM nOJIOmeBHH KOJIOBBY SaKpenJIeBW
6aUOBeTHblM saTBopoM 8 C rHAP01(HJIBBApaMB 9. HHmRJIJl1o. H BepXBJIJI 11 UJIHTW
KpeDJITCJI Ba nOABHmBOM CTOJIe H BepXBeB: nOnepe'llfBe, cpeABJIJI 12 YCTaBaBJIH-
BaMCJI KOBCOJIbBO H KpeDBTCJI K nJIHTOAepmaTeJIIO, nepeMem;aIOm;eMyCJI no ABYM
476
BenOABDmBWM KOJIOBB8M. lloMepmaBBe cpeABei nJIBm Ba OnpeAeJIeBBOM YPOBB9'
06eCnellBBaeTCJI npB nOMOm;u nOAnOpBOrO r paBJIB'leCKOrO I(B pa. PaCTJlmBOe
YCTpoicTBO COCTOBT BS ABYX TeJIemeK 13 C 6apa6aBaMH AJIJI YCTaBoBKB 6ecKoBe1JBlllx
ftl
,1,1'11 !
Pac. 13.22. Dpecc D-7Q3:
J, I - BepDIJIR B IfB1f(IIIIJi nODepe'llllfhl; 8 - lfeDO,JXBIDKBU KOJIOlfKa; 4 - rnllJlllJd ; $ - cr.oa; 6 -
DO,JXBB1KBIIJI KOJIOlfKa; ., - 'u rJmPOlIIImtIfJU); 8 - GaIIOBeTIIId aaTBOp; 9 - I'IQQIOl\WDIJIAP; JO, 11,
11 - 1fB1f(1IIIJi, BepDIRII II CPeAHNI DnIIThI; 18 - TeJJemKa; J4 - 1'II;1U)0upBB01L
JIeBT; XOA TeJIemeK 1000 MM. JleB8JI TeJIemKa 06eCnellBBaeT BWTJlmKY JIeBTW
B nepeMem;aeTCJI OT 8JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI MOm;BOCTbIO 14 KBT. HBme npBBeAeBa Tex-
BH'leClCaJl xapaR:TepBCTBKa npecca:
,1.(oufeTp DJIywRepa rJIaBBOrO QDJI pa, MM:
XOA DJIywRepa QBJJBBApa nOA'JIeMa KOJIOBB,
PaSMep nJIRT, MM: ........
HOMDBaJlLBoe YCDJIDe npecca, KH
,1.(aBJIeBDe, MIla
BaDJIRTax............ .
pa6o'leii )K OCTO BPB npeceOBallBH
fa6apRTBHe pasMepH, 101M
Wilma .
T BBa
BHCOTa .
Macea, T . .
580
101 890
. 2000x 1290
8000
3
t5
8400
4500
3800
52
13.6.3. YCTaHoBKH Ana HenpepblBHo BynKaHM3aqHH
neHT H peMHe
BYJIKaB1lsaI(BJI B npeccax, BeCMOTpJl Ba npBMeBeB1le B nJIHTax OXJIamAaeMWX
yqaCTKOB, npBBoAHT K CBBmeBBIO Kall9CTBa JIeBT B MeCTax ABOiBOi BYJIKaBHS8I(BD.
BYJIRaBDS IO MomBO npOBOADTb D BenpepHBBYM cnoc060M.
477
MeTOAbI npep;BapHTeJlltBOrO BarpeBa peMBeii H JIeBT. llepexOA OT nepHOAlf1Iec-
Imx K HenpepWBBblM npOI(eCCaM BYJIKaBHSaI(BB TpaHcnopTepBblX JIeBT H nJIOCKHX
npBBOABWX peMBeH 3 eKTBBeB JIHmb npH SHaqBTeJIbHOH BBTeBCB BKaI(DH npo-
n;ecca BarpeBa nJIaCTBB. B annapaTax BenpepblBHOH BYJIKaBBSaI(BB npOAOJImB-
TeJIbBOCTb BarpeBa nJIaCTBH AOJImHa 6LITb SHaqBTeJIblIO COKpam;eBa no CpaBBeB1lIO
C npOAOJImBTeJIbBOCTbIO BarpeBa B nJIOCKBX ByJIKaHBSaI(HOHBblX npeccax nepBOAH-
qeCKOrO AeHCTBBJI. B npOTBBBOM CJIyqae npOBSBOAHTeJIbBOCTb annapaTOB Benpe-
pblBBoro AeHcTBBJI 6YAeT BHSKOH. OABHM BS MeTOAOB COKpam;eHBJI npOAOJImBTeJIb-
JlOCTB HarpeBa nJIaCTHH B BYJIKaBBSaI(BOBBOH annapaType BenpepwBBoro AeH-
CTBBJI JlBJIJleTCJI npBMeBeBBe npeABapHTeJIbHOrO BarpeBa nJIaCTBB nepeA BYJIKaBH-
SaI(BeB. npOI(eCC BYJIKaBBSaI(BH npeABapBTeJIbBO BarpeTblX nJIaCTBB, eCTeCTBeBBO,
npOTeI{aeT 6WCTpee, qeM XOJIOABblX. YCTaBOBJIeBO, lITO MaKCBMaJIbBaJl TeMnepaTypa
npeABapBTeJIbHOrO nOAorpeBa JIeBTbl paBBa 125 °C.
MeToALI npeABapBTeJIbBOrO BarpeBa MomBO pas6BTb Ba p;Be OCBOBBwe rpyDDY:
a) BarpeB, npB KOTOpOM TenJIO nOABOAHTCJI K nJIaCTHBe lIepes ee BaPYmBWe no-
BepXHOCTB OT napOBblX nJIBT, BAOJIb KOTOpblX HAeT CblpaJl sarOTOBKa, BJIJI B peSYJIb-
TaTe B03AeHCTBHJI Ba 3arOTOBKY HH paKpaCBWMB JIyqaMB, BSJIYlIaeMYMH aJIeKTpB-
lIeCKBMB JIal\fDaMB, CnBpaJIJlMB BaKaJIBBaBBJI, MeTaJIJIlf1IeCKBMB B KepaMlf1IeCKHMH
nOBepXHOCTJlMB, HarpeTblM raSOM; 6) npeABapHTeJIbHblB: BarpeB TOKaMB BblCOKOii
qaCTOTbl, npB KOTOpOM TenJIO BWAeJIJleTCJI BO BceM 06 eMe nOAorpeBaeMoH cwpoii
sarOTOBKB. PaccMoTpBM KamAblB: BS 3TBX MeTOAOB B OTAeJIbBOCTB.
lloBepxBocTBwe MeTOAw npeABapBTeJIbBOrO Ba-
r p e B a. llpB ABBmeBBB CblpOH sarOTOBKB BAOJIb napOBblX nJIHT MemAY BHMH
BOSHHKaeT TenJIo06MeB BSJIyqeBBeM B eCTeCTBeBBoi KOBBeK1(Bei, 6JIarop;aps KO-
TOPOMY TeMnepaTypa nOBepXBOCTB sarOTOBKB paCTeT. llpH ABYXCTopOBBeM nop;o-
rpeBe npB nOMOm;B napOBblX nJIIfT HBTeBCBBBOCTb BarpeBa peSHBOTKaBeBWX nJIa-
.CTHH BeBeJIBKa - TeMnepaTypa ee nOBepXBOCTB lIepes 20 MBB p;OCTBraeT JIHmb
106°C npB TeMnepaType nJI:BT 150°C.
3BallHTeJIbHO 60JIbmerO a KTa MomBO A06HTbCJI, npBMeBJlJI ABYXCTOPOBHBi
npeABapBTeJIbBWi 060rpeB pesHBoTeKCTHJIbBOH nJIaCTHBW HB paKpacBblMB JIY-
qaMB. B KalleCTBe reBepaTopa HB paKpacBoro BSJIyqeBHJI HCnOJIbSYIOT CneI(HaJIb-
BLIe 3JIeKTpOJIaMnW C oAHBapBoi BJIH ABOiiBoH BOJIb PaMOBWMH CDBpaJIJlMH H ce-
pe6pJlBblM pe JIeKTOpOM Ba BBYTpeBBeH nOBepXBOCTH, CnnpaJIH BaKaJIBBaBBJI,
:a TaKme MeTaJIJIlf1IeCKBe H KepaMH'lOOKBe nOBepXBOCTH, BarpeTWe raSOBOSAYJIIHblM
fiJIaMeHeM.
CnnpaJIB BaKaJIBBaBBJI oOeCne'IHBaIOT 66JIbmyIO nJIOTBOCTb JIyqBCToro nOTOKa
no cpaBHeHHIO C 3JIeKTpOJIaMDaMB. KpoMe Toro, B aTOM CJIyqae JIer1le ocym;ecTBBTb
aBTOMaTH'leCKOe perYJIBpOBaBBe npo1(ecca BarpeBa. TaKOB: cno006 nOSBOJIJleT
.o6eCnellBTb SHaqmeJIbBWe yp;eJIbBble TenJIOBble nOTOKH H COKpaTHTb BpeMJI, Be-
.o6xOAHMOe AJIJI npeABaplfTeJIbBOrO nop;orpeBa, oABaKo BOSBHKaIOT SBalllfTeJIbBble
nepenaAbl TeMnepaTYP Ba nOBepxBocTB sarOTOBKB B B CepeADBe ee. ll03TOMY AJIJI
06eCnelleBBJI paBBoMepBOCTH BarpeBa pesHBoTeKCTBJIbBOi nJIaCTBBbl nepeA BYJI-
KaHBsa eH 1(eJIec006pasBo YBeJIH'lBTb AJIHBY yqacTKa, Ba KOTOpOM 6YAeT npo-
BCXOAHTb nOAorpeB HB paKpaCBWMH JIyqaMH; B pesYJIbTaTe YMeBbDIBTCJI YAeJIbBwji
TenJIOBOH nOTOK, Be06xOABMbli AJIJI BarpeBa nJIaCTBBW AO 125°C, H CBHSHTCJI
nepenaA TeMnepaTYP B Bei.
BblCOKOqaCTOTBWB: MeTOp; npeABapHTeJIbBOrO Ba-
r p e B a. llpB 3TOM cno006e BarpeBa TenJIO BWAeJIJleTCJI BO BceM 06 eMe nOAorpe-
BaeMOH peSBHOTeKCTBJIbBOB: nJIaCTBBW. llpOAOJImHTeJlbBOCTb BarpeBa B aTOM
CJIYlIae BeCKOJIbKO npeBOCXOADT npOAOJImBTeJIbBOCTb HH paKpaCBoro nOAorpeBa.
R lIBCJIY HeAoCTaTKOB 3Toro cnoc06a OTBOCHTCJI CJIOmBOCTb YCTaBOBKB, nOBYmeB-
BblB paCXOA 3JIeKTpOaBeprBB reBepaTopOM BWCOKOB: lIaCTOTbl, BepaBBOMepBWB:
nOAorpeB HeOAHopOABoro MaTepBaJIa (BanpHMep, B SaBHCBMOCTB OT TBna camu
m 06KJIaAOllHOH B npOMaSOllBOi peSHBax).
478
R npeBltfym;ecTBaM ByJIKaBBSaTOpOB BenpepblBBOrO AeB:CTBBJI nepeA npec-
C8.MB nepBOAB'leCKOrO AeicTBBJI CJIeAYeT OTBeCTB: CpaSBBTeJIbBO Be60JIbmBe ra-
68pBTW; 60JIee BBSKHi pacxoA TenJIOBOCBTeJIJI; OTCYTCTBBe nepeBYJIKaBHSa1(BH
B MeXaBB'leCKOB Ae
OpMaI(BB JIeBTbl; BOSMOmBOCTb perYJIBpOBaBBJI npOAOJImB-
TeJIbBOCTB BYJIKaHBSaI(BB BSMeBeBHeM CKOpOCTH Bpam;eBHJI 6apa6aBa; 6eSOnaCBOCTb
()6CJIymBB8BBII.
"
5
?
Pac. 13.25. ,lJ,BYL1leBTO'IIUd BeopepYllllYi BYJIK8JUI38rop:
1 - BYJIK
Omn.dt GapaGaa; fI - DpHllCBlOlOit GapaGaa; 8 - MaJIhIiI BYJlKaBB8allllOllllHil 6apaGaR; 4_
lIHaocaoll GapaGaR; $, 6 - npeccyroIqlle Jle8Tl>l; '/, 8 - lfaTlfHClllole GapaGam.t; 9 - DPIlJR1DlflIlJl KapeTKa; 10-
a aKaTO'lJlhlil CTaROK.
BYJIKaBBSaTOpW BaXOAJlT mHpOKoe npBMeBeBHe AJIJI BSrOTOBJIeBBJI peMBei
B JIeBT 6es 06KJIaAOK. B aTOM CJIyqae MOmBO A06BTbCJI npOBSBOABTeJIbBOCTH BYJI-
KaBHsaTopa, SBa'IHTeJIbBO npeBYmaIOm;ei npOBSBOADTeJIbBOCTb npecca npB BYJI-
K8B11S8D;BH Tex me BSAeJIHii. llPH COBepmeBCTBOBaBBB KOBCTpyKI(BB ByJIKaBHSa-
TOpOB CTpeMJlTCJI K nOBbDIleB1lIO AaBJIeBBJI npeCCYIOm;eB: JIeBTW H YBeJIH'leBHIO
CKOpOCTH By.JIKaBHSaI(BB. ,AJIJI yBeJIB'leB1lJl AaBJIeB1lJl npB
opMOBaBBB BSAeJIHJI
B8 BXOAe B MamBBY YCTaBaBJIHBaIOT ABa npHmBMHblX 6apa6aBa.
HSBeCTeB ABYXJIeBTo'lHbli ByJIKaBBSaTOp (pBC. 13.25), B KOTOpOM BYJIKaBH-
3a
JI ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI TpeMJI cTyneBJlMB: Ba 6apa6aBax 1, 3 H Ba npJlMOM yqacTKe,
rAe BSAeJIHe samBMaeTCJI MemAY' AByMJI JIeBTaMB B npBmHMBYMB pOJIJlKaMH. 3a
ClIeT 8Toro CKOpOCTb BYJIKaBHSaD;BB MomBO nOBblCBTb AO 2 M/MHB.
r 11 A B A 14
060PY,D.OBAHHE npOH3BO,D.CTBA KnHHOBblX PEMHEIlt
B cOBpeMeBBoM MaillDBocTpoeBBB 60JIbmOe pacnpocTpaBeBBe BMeIOT KJIDHO-
peMeHBwe nepeAallB, TJlrOBblMB opraBaMB KOTOpWX JlBJIJlIOTCJI npopesDBeBBwe
peMBB TpaneI(eBAaJIbHOrO npO BJIJI - KJIBBOBble peMBB.
B saBBCBMOCTB OT BaSBalleBBJI KJIBBOBWe peMBD nOAPasAeJIJlIOTCJI Ba npHBoA-
Bble, BeBTBJIJlTOpBWe B BapBaTopHble. ,
RJIHBOBWH peMeBb DSrOTaBJIBBaeTCJI 6eCKOBellBWM, B OCBOBBOM CJIOUBOH
KOHCTpyKI(BB. OB COCTOBT BS cepAellB1lKa, pacnOJIOmeBBOro B cpeAHBBOH SOBe
Ce'leHBJI peMBJI BO BCIO ero mBpBBy, KOTOPYi B BocnpBHBMaeT Ba ce6J1 BCIO BarpYSKY
pesDBoBoro BJIH peSBBOTKaBeBoro SanOJIBeBHJI (CJIOB: paCTJlmeBBJI B CJIOB: CmaTBJI,
pacnOJIOmeBBWe COOTBeTCTBeHBO BaA B nOA CepAellBBKOM), B TKaBeBOB: 06epTKH.
TKaBeBaJi 06epTKa CKpenJIJleT COCTaBBble lIaCTH peMBJI, npeAOXpaBJleT 60KOBble
rpaBB OT BCTBpaBBJI B cnOC06CTByeT YCTOU'IDBOH nocaAJ(e peMBJI B KaBaBKe mKHBa.
B KalleCTBe OCBOBBoro MaTepBaJIa CepAe'lBBKa peMBJI npBMeBJlIOT KOPATKftBb
BJIB KOPAillBYP. B ooOTBeTCTBBB C 8TBM KJIHHOBWe peMBB nOApaSAeJIJlIOTCJI Ba KOPA-
TKaBeBble B KOPAmBypOBwe.
060pYAOBaBHe AJIJI npOBSBOACTBa KJIHBOBWX peMBeB: MomBO paSAeJIBTb Ba
CJIeAYpm;He OCBOBHble rpynnw: AJIJI nOArOTOBKB TKaBeB: H mBYPOB; AJIJI C60PKB
H peSKH CepAellBBKOB; AJIJI 06epTKH CepAellBHKOB KJIHBOBWX peMBeB:; AJIJI BYJIKa-
BB3aI(IIB peMBeB:; AJI8 HSrOTOBJIeB1lJl sy6l1aTblx peMBeB:; AJIJI BSMepeHBJI, MapKB-
pOBKB H pas6paKOBKB rOTOBWX peMBei.
14.1. 060PY AOBAHHE Anf1 nOArOTOBKH
KOPAWHYPOB H TKAHEA
llpemAe '1eM' nOAaTb KOPAwBYP DJIB KOPATKaBb K CTaBKaM AJIJI 60pKB KJIB-
BOBWX peMBeB:, BX nOABepraIOT Cne aJIbBOi 06pa60TKe - npOD:BTKe cocTaBaMB,
nOBwmaIOm;BMB npOllBOOTb CBJlSB pesBBbl C KopAWBypOM BJIB KOPATKaBbIO.
llponDTKa KopAWBypa npOBSBOABTCJI Ba arperaTe ARill-4 (pBC. 14.1), KO-
TOpblH COCTOBT BS paCKaTOllBO-npOnBTOllBOrO CTaBKa, CTaBKa AJIJI BWTJlmKB KOPA-
mBypa, CymBJIbBOH KaMepw H SaKaTOllBOrO CTaBKa. PaCKaTOllBO-npOnBTOllBblB:
CTaBOK COCTOBT BS KpoBillTeuBa, Ba OCB KOToporo YCTaBaBJIBBaeTCJI KaTymKa 1
KOPAmHYPoM; BaBBY 3 C YCTaBOBJIeBHblMH B BeB: AByMJI pOJIBKaMB 4, BMeIOm;HMB
no 15 KaBaBOK, no KOTOpWM npOXOABT KOPAmBYP, nepeXOAJI C OABoro pOJIDKa Ba
APyrOB:. ,AJIBBa KOPAwBypa, BMem;aIOm;erOCJI B BaBBe, 12 M. ,AJIJI YA06cTBa sanpaBKB
KOPAwHypa Ba pOJIBKB H HX nepBoAB'leCKOi '1BCTKD BaBBa onYCKaeTCJI no Ba-
npaBJIJlIOm;HM CTOB:KaM npB nOMOm;B cne ah:bBoro MeXaBHSMa.
CTaBOK AJIJI BWTJlmKB KOPAillBypa COCTOBT BS AByX YCTaBOBJIeBBWX OAHB
BaA APyrBM KOBB'leCKBX 6apa6aBoB 8, Ba nOBepXBOCTB KOTOpWX BMeeTCJI no 20 Ka-
HaBOK AJIJI KOPAlDHypa. KOPAmBYP SanpaBJIJleTCJI OT KOBI(OB 6apa6aBOB C MeBbWBM
AHaMeTpOM K KOBI(aM C 60JIbmBM ADaMeTpOM, lIeM B 06eCne'IBBaeTCJI Be06xOAIIMaJI
BblTJlmKa. tIBCJIO BBTKOB KOPAmHypa Ba BblTJlmHblX 6apa6aBax SaBDCHT OT Toro,
31 Salla8 163
481
BaCKOJIbKO BymBO ero BWTJlBYTb. YAJIHBeBBe KOPADIBypa npH nepexoAe C oABoi
KaBaBKH Ba APyrYIO paBBO 0,25%.
CymBJIbBaJI KaMepa npeACTaBJIJleT c060B: KapKac C ABOB:BblMB CTeHKaMH,
BBYTPB KOToporo paCDOJIOmeHbl ABa 6apa6aBa 10, COCTOJlm;Be BS OTAeJIbBWX nJIa-
BOK, c06paBBLtX C sasopOM. ,AJIJI npeAOTBpam;eBBJI cnOJIsaBHJI msypa Ba nOBepx-
BOCTB 6apa6aBoB BMeIOTCJI KaBaBKB. 060rpeB CymHJIbBOB: KaMepw ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
ABYMJI KaJIOpH epaMH. EMKOCTb CYWHJlbBOH KaMepbI - 400 M KOPAmBypa.
3aKaTOllBblB: CTaBOK COCTOBT BS KOBCOJIbBOrO BaJIJlKa, yKpenJIeBBOrO Ba Ka-
lIaIO eMCJI pWlIare npBBOABoro 6apa6aBlIBKa, B BHTeBOAHTeJIJI. Ha KOBCOJIbBWH
BaJIHK BaAeBaeTCJI RaTymKa AJIJI npHeMa KOPAJDHypa. OBa npBmBMaeTCJI npymHHOB:
K Bpam;aIOm;eMYCJI npBBOABOMY 6apa6aBlIBKY, npHBOAJlm;eMY ee BO BpSm;eBHe.
HBTeBOAHTeJIb, npeACTaBJIJlIOm;BB: c060i pOJIBK, ABHmym;UHCJI BAOJIb KaTymKB
BsaA-BnepeA, BaMaTWBaeT Ba Bee KOPADIBYP. ,ABBmeBBe BHTeBOADTeJIJI oc e-
CTBJIJleTCJI I(eDBoi nepeAalleB: OT BaJIa 6apa68J111BKa B xOAoBoro BBBTa C ABOiiBoi
pesb60i.
1
2
PIIC. 1'.t. Cxe»a arperaTa AKm-4 pH DpoDBTKB H CYIIIKH KOPADlBypa:
1 - KaT}'IIIKa; ,- lfanp8.BJlll101l\1fiI POJllD(; 8 - npoDBTO'IRalf Baua; 4 - pOJDlRl[ C K8IfaBR8Jl1ll: I - Kllllepa
DJJeABIPBTeIIbROI npOC}'IIIRII KopIIlIIRYPa; 6. 'I - pOJlllKU; 8 - BhlTlflKRhle GapaGaJIIIJ; , - II/1IIPIIUIUOIIIBI
pomur, 10.- GapaGaJIIIJ C}'IIIBJIblfol KaMephl; 11, 18 - RanpaBJllfJOlI(lIe pOJIlU<B.
OTAeJIbBYe CTaBKH, BXOAJIm;ne B arperaT, npBBOAJlTCJI B AeB:CTBBe 1(eDBYMH
nepeAallaMB OT oABoro npBBOAa, COCTOJlID;erO BS 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI M:Om;BOCTblO
3..8 KBT, peAyKTopa C nepeAaTOllBYM OTBomeBBeM 1 : 5,7 H cTyneB'laTOB: KJIHBO-
peMeBBoH nepeAallB. HaJIH'lHe cTyneB'laToi KJIHBOpeMeBBoi nepeAallB AaeT BOS-
M 0 mBOCTb nOJIywmTb pasJlB'lllHe CKOpOCTH 06pa60TKB wHypa - OT 25 AO 120 M/MBB.
. Bo Bs6emSHBe BSJIHWBBX BaTJlmeBBB: KOPADIBypa B npOnBTOllBOi BaBBe
H Ba SaKaTOllBOM CTaHKe B KOBCTPyK B npBBOAoB 8TBX CTaBKOB npeAycMoTpeHbl
ypaBBBTeJIbBWe pBK OBBwe MY W, npH nOMOm;B KOTOpWX perYJIBpyIOTCJI
CKOpOCTU npOnHTOllBOrO II SaKaTOllBOrO CTaBKOB B saBBCBMOCTH OT HaTJlmeBJlJI
KOPAwBypa.
llpBMeBeBBe B RalleCTBe Becym;BX 3JIeMeBTOB KOPAWBYPOB B HBTei liS XUMII-
lIeCKDX BOJIOKOB B SBallBTeJIbBOi CTeneHU yJIyqmaeT 3KCnJIyaTa oBBble cBoicTBa
KJIUBOBblX pe}fHeB:. OABaKO BapJlAY C nOJIOmHTeJIbBblMB KalleCTBaMH, TaKHKB,
KaK BJIarO- H TenJIOCTOHKOCTb, BWCOKaJl YAapBaJI, paSpWBBaJl H YCTaJIOCTHa1l npoll-
BOCTb, XBMH'leCKBe BOJIOKBa BMeIOT PJlA BeAOCTaTKOB, KOTopwe saTpYAHJlIOT BX
npBMeBeHBe. R 3TBM BeAOCTaTKaM OTBOCIITCJI nJIOXBe aAre3BOBBble CBOB:CTBa H 60JIb-
mHe YAJIBBeBHJI. YCTpaBeBue nepBoro BeAOCTaTKa AOCTBraeTCJI npOnBTKOB: KOPA-
illBypa BJIB BIITB CDe1(BSJlbHblMB npOnBTO'lBWMH COCTaBSMB, a BToporo - TepMO-
06pa60TKoB:. T. e. BarpeBaBBeM mBypa nOA BaTJlmeBBeM AO TeMnepaTYPbI pas-
MJlr'leBBJI C nOCJIeAYIOm;ei BKC eB:.
06pa60TKa KOPAWBYPOB BS XBMH'leCKUX BOJIOKOB npOBSBOABTCJI Ha cne-
1(BaJIbBOM arperaTe AR-1, cxeMa KOToporo npBBeAeBa Ba pBC. 14.2. Arperar
COCTOBT BS paCKaTO'IBo-npODHTO'IBoro YCTpOB:CTBa, AByx KOMneBcaTopOB. .pO'lJl-
482
rUBaIOm;HX YCTPOB:CTB, BaTJlmBYX YCTPOB:CTB, KaMep CymKB, I'opnei BblTJlmKB
II BKCaI(HH, npBBOAa arperaTa, aBTOMaTBlIeCKOB: MamUHbl AJIJI BaMOTKB KOPAillHypa
Ba KaTYIIlKH.
PaCKaTO'IBO-npOnHTOllBOe YCTpOB:CTBO COCTOBT BS KpOBmTeHBa, -aa KOTOpwi
YCTaBaBJIUBaeTCJI 606HDa 1 C KOPAmBYPoM, B nponHTollBoi BaHBW 8 C ABp,JI -
JlHllAPHlIeCKBMB pOJIHKaMH, BMeIOm;BMH KaHaBKB AJIJI npoxomAeBBJI wBypa. ROM-
neBcaTOpw 5 B 27 npeABaSBalleHbl AJIJI 06eCnelleHBJI BenpepblBBoH pa60Tw arperaTa
BO BpeMJI nepeSapJlAJ(H 606BB Ba paCKaTOllBOM KpoBillTeiiBe B KaTymeK B aBTOMa-
TH'IeCKOB: MamBBe AJIJI BaMOTKB KopAWBypa.
HaTJlmeBBe KopAWBypa Ba yqacTKax npODBTKB, cymKB, BWTJlmKB B BKca-
ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI BaTJlmBYMB YCTpoHCTBaMH 12, 17, 20, 24. Kam,u;oe BaTJlmBOe
YCTPOB:CTBO npeACTaBJIJleT 0060i KapeTKY C BanpaBJIJlIOm;UM pOJlBKOM, KOTOpaJI
MomeT BepTBKaJIbBO nepeMem;aTbCJI B BanpaBJIJlIOm;:o:x. RapeTKa CBJlSaBa C npo-
THBOBeooM, Macca KOToporo paBBa Macce KapeTKH. HaTJlmeBUe KOPAwBypa Ba
KamAoM yqacTKe paSBoe H saAaeTcJI CMeBBblMB rpysaMB, YCTaBaBJIBBaeMblMH Ba
10
20 21
28
PRC. t4.2. CXeHa arperaTa AK-t JIII DpODDTK&, CYlIIKB & T9pMoo6pa6OTKB: Kopronaypa &3 XHM&-
4I9CRBX BOJIOROO:
1 - tioGBRa C KOPIlmRypOII; 8,4 - RaDpaBJlJD)II\BiI ponIIK: 3, 7,13, 18,82,85 - DPO'Plfl'llBllJOII\Re YCTpoitma;
5, 87 - KOMDeRcaTOphl; 6 - RanpaBJlJD)DUdt pOJlDK; 8 - JJpODBTO'lRalf Balllfa; 9 - pOJIRKIl C KaRaBKaMR;
10 - YCTpollcTBO 11M CJIIITIIIf II8JIIIDIKOB paCTBopa C KOPI\mRypa; 11, 14, 81, 86 - RaDPaBJllfIODUdt pOJIRK; 12,
17. 80, 84 - RaTJlIKRhle YCTpOACTBa; 15, 19, 83 - GJlOK KaMep C}'IDKII. roplf"ell BhlTJlIKKB H 41l1Kcal\lUl; 16 -
POOKII; 88 - KaTYDIKa C RaJlOTallllWM KOPI\mlfYPOIi.
npOTlfBOBec. I10ABHmBaJl KapeTKa CBJlSaHa C CeJIbCBHBblM AaT'IIIKO)( nOJIOmeHBJI
neTJIB.
llpOTJlrBBaIOm;He YCTpOB:CTBa 3, 7, 13, 18, 22, 25, npeAHaSB8'leBBWe AJIH
o6eCne'leHBJI He06xoABMoro nOCTOJlBBOrO BaTJlmeHBJI Ba KamAOM yqacTKe 06pa-
60TKB KOPAillHypa, ooCTOJIT BS ABYX CTaJIbHblX pOJIBKOB C KaBaBKaMB, BaXOAJIm;BXCJI
B aaI(eJlJIeHBB APyr C APyroM npH nOMOm;H sy611aToi nepeAa'IB. POJIBKB npOTHrH-
BaIOm;ero YCTpOHCTBa npHBOAJlTCJI BO Bpam;eBBe OT aJIeKTpOABBra'leJIJI nOCTOJlH-
Boro TOKa.
RaMepa CYWKB 15, KaMepa ropJl'leB: BWTJlmKH 19 H K&Mepa nKCaI(HH 23
BblUOJIHeHW B OABOM 6JIOKe. ,AJIJI BanpaBJIeBBJI ABBmeBBJI KopAWBypa B KaiKAoii
KaM:epe HMeIOTCJI BanpaBJIJlIOm;Ue illKBBW. TenJIOHOCBTeJIeM B KaMepax JlBJIJleTCJI
ropJl'lllu BOSAYX, BarpeBaeMblH B aJIeKTpOKaJIOpB epax. fOPJl'lBU BOSAYX pKy-
.ilupyeT B KaMepax no salolKBYTOMY KOBTYPY: BeBTBJIJlTOp - KaJIOpB ep - KaMepa -
BeHTHJIJlTOp. MaKcBMaJIbBaJl TeMnepaTypa cymKH 160°C, B KaMepe BblTJlmKB OBa
AOCTBraeT 250°C. llo KOBCTpyK B Bce TPB KaMepw aBaJIOrB'lBW APyr APyry,
110 BX napaMeTpw 06pa60TKB KOPAwBypa paSJIB'lHW. PerYJIHpOBaB1le, KOBTpOJIb
II pemCTpaI(BJI TeMnepaTYPW B 6JIOKe KaMep cymKH, rOpJl'leH BWTmJtH B BKCaI(UB
8BTOM8.TBSHpOBaBbl. CBcTeMa 8BTOMaTHlIeCKOrO perYJIBpOBaBBJI TeMDepaTypbl
31- 483
COCTOBT B3 TpeX BAeBTHlIHblX lIaCTeH, HeSaBBCBMO ynpaBJIHIOm;BX TeMnepaTYPOB:
B KamAOB: KaMepe.
OCBOBBOH CeK eB:, OCym;eCTBJIJlIOm;eH nJIaBBblB: paSrOB B OCTaBOB arperaTa,
JlBJlJleTCJI npOTJlrHBaIOm;ee YCTpOB:CTBO 22 KaMepw ropJl'leB: BWTJlmKB. npBBOA
3TOB: CTaBI(BB JlBJIJleTCJI BesaBBCBMWM B BblnOJIBeB no CBCTeMe 3MY -,A C OTPB-
I(aTeJIbBOB: 06paTBOB: CBJlSbIO no BanpJlmeBUIO. CBCTeMa 8JIeKTpOnpBBOAa npOTJI-
I'HBaIOm;ero YCTpOB:CTBa 25 npB nOMOm;B neTJIeBOrO peI'yJIJlTOpa HaTJlmHOrO YCTPOH-
CTBa 24 nOACTpaBBaeTCJI K CKOpOCTB BesaBBCBMoro 8JIeKTpOnpBBOAa.
CBcTeMa aBTOMaTBlIeCKoro peryJIBpOBaBBJI 3JIeKTpOnpBBOAa paCKaTKB, npo-
DBTKB, cymKB B ropJl'leB: BWTJlmKH 06eCne'IBBaeT paBeBCTBO MOMeHTa, paSBBBa-
eMoro rpYSOM, CYMMe MOMeBTOB: ABBraTeJIbBOrO, CTaTB'leCKOrO conpOTBBJIeBHJI
npBBOAa B ABBaMBlIeCKoro. B CJIyqae BeCOOTBeTCTBBJI YCBJIHH, COSAaBaeMblX rpy-
SOM B 3JIeKTpOnpBBOAOM, BSMeBJleTCJI paSMep neTJIB B BaTJlmBWX YCTpOHCTBax.
CeJIbCBHHblH p;aT'lHK nOJIOmeBBJI DeTJIB cpasy nOAaeT CBrBaJI B CBCTeMY aBTOMaTB-
lIeCKoro perYJIBpOBaBBJI 3JIeKTpOnpBBOAOM TaKBM 06pasoM, lIT06w BaCTYDBJIO
paBBOBecue.
,AJIJI BaMOTKB KopAWHypa Ba KaTYWKB B arperaTe BMeeTCJI aBTOMaTH'leCKaJl
MamDHa. Ha MamBBe aBTOMaTBsupOBaBbl Bce OCBOBBwe B BcnOMOraTeJIbHble one-
paI(JIB OT nOAallB KaTymKD Ba BaMOTKY AO C'beMa Bapa60TaBBOB: KaTywKB. npBBOp;
MexaBBSMOB AJIJI aBTOMaTB'leCKOrO BWnOJIBeB1lJl OTAeJIbBWX I(BKJIOB pa60T Ba Ma-
WIIHe ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI npB nOMOm;B CneI(BaJIbBblX KYJIallKOB B pWlIarOB.
Hume npHBeAeBa TeXBB'leCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa arperaTOB AKill-4 B AK-1:
AK-t
12-60
5-25
2-25
t20
t2O-160
2-10
to-250
20
175-250
2O-tOO
30-500
30
20
t 75-250
20-100
10-120
DPOB3BO BTeJII>OOCTI>, M/MBB ..........
DpOAOJI)KBTeJII>BOCTl> npODBTKB, C . . . . . . . .
MaKCHMaJIl>OIUl ycap;Ka oa yqacTKe npOnBTKB, %
HaTJt)KeBBe KOPAmoypa sa yqacTKe npoDBTKB, H
3anpaBo'iolUl AJIUOa cymBJIl>ooii KaMepH, M . . .
TeMnepaTypa B cymBJIbooii KaMepe, ec . . . . .
DpOAOJI)KBTeJII>OOCTI> CymKB KOPAmoypa, MDB . .
HaTJt)KeBDe KOPAJlDlypa oa yqaCTKe cymKD, H .
3anpaBo'iolUl AJIUOa KaMepH ropJt'leii BHTJt)KKR, 111
TeMnepaTypa B KaMepe ropH1leii BI>ITJt)Kl(R, ec . . . . .
DpOAOJI)K.lfTeJII>BOCTI> npe6HBaHRJI KOPAIDoypa B KaMepe .
ropJt'leB BHTJt)KKB, C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fj
HaTSI)KeOBe KOPAIDoypa B KaMepe ropJt'leii BHTJt)KKB, H
MaKCHMaJIl>OIUl BI>ITSI)KKa, % . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3anpaBO'lBaJt AJIBBa KaMepH cf)BKC BB, M ....
TeMn,paTypa B KaMepe c)BJ(Ca BB, ec ......
DpOAOJI)KBTeJII>OOCTl> npe6W1aBBJI Kop moypa B KaMepe
tBJ(Ca JfD, C .................
HaTJtmeBBe KOPAmoypa B KaMepe !)DKca uR, H
fa6apBTlll>le pasMepH, MY
AJIBJla
mnpBJIa . . . . . . .
BHCOTa .......
AKW-4
. 25-120
6-30
1
. 400
. 70-120
3.5- 16
. 3500
. 2100
. 6000
5
3970
1785
2103
060pYAOBaBBe AJIJI 1I0AroToBKB TKaBeH ODBcaBO B rJI. 9 B B 3TOM paSAeJIe
Be paCCMaTpBBaeTCJI.
14.2. 060PY AOBAHHE AnH C60PKH H PE3KH
CEPAEYHHKOB KnHHOBblX PEMHEA
,AJIJI BSrOTOBJIeBBJI KJIBBOBblX peMHeii: B BaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI npBMeBJlIOT ABa
MeToAa: 1) MeTOA rpynnOBOB: C60PKB KJIBBOBWX peMBeH (npJlMOH B 06paTHblH),
DpH KOTOpOM Bce OnepaI(BB no c60pKe CepAe'lHBKOB peMBeH BNnOJIHJlIOTCJI Ba OAHOM
CTaBKe; BSrOTOBJIeBBe KJIDHOBWX peMBeH MeTOAOM rpynnOBOB: C60PKB oeym;e-
CTBJIJleTCJI Ha CTaBKax CRP-1A-65 B CKP-2AY-65; 2) MeTOA rpynnOBOB: e60pKu
484
KJIBHOBblX peMBeB:, npB KOTOpOM OnpeAeJleBHWe rpynnw onepaI(Bii no c60pKe
cePAellBBK6B peMBei BblnOJIBJlIOTCJI Ha paSHWX CTaBKax; JlSrOTOBJIeBHe KJIBBOBblX
peMBeii MeTOAoM I'pynnoBoH C60PKB C paSAeJIeHHeM onepaI(Bii ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
Ba nOTOllHOB: JIHBBB HPY-19M.
,AJIJI BSrOTOBJIeBBJI KopWKaBeBwx npBBoABWX KJIHBOBblX peMBeB: npJIMe-
BJleTCJI npJlMaJi c60pKa, T. e. BaKaTKa CJIOeB peSBBOBOB: CMeCB B DpopeSneBBOB:
TKaBH Ba C60POllHblii 6apa6aB BallHBaeTCJI co CJIOJl CmaTBJI. ROPAWBYPOBble npB-
BOABble KJIBBOBble peMBB c06BpaIOTCJI MeToAoM 06paTBoii C60PKB, T. e. MaTepB8JIW
Ha C60POllBblB: 6apa6aB BaKJIaAblBaIOTCJI, BallllHaJi co CJIOJl paCTJlmeBBJI.
CT8BOK CRP-1A-65 (pBC. 14.3) DpeABaSBalleB JIJI C60PKB KJIHBOBWX peMBeH
1(JIHBOB: 1(0 4 M. OB COCTOBT BS CTaBBBbl 1, OTKBABOB: CToiKB 2, BaBHBOllBOrO
npHcnoc06J1eBBJI 3, npJlKaT'lBKa 4, MexaBBSMa nOA'beMa npBKaT'lBEa 6, Kop06KB
nepeAallB 7, 3JIeKTpo060pYAoBaHBJI 8, 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 9, npeAoxpaBBTeJIbBOrO
YCTpOB:CTBa 10, BosAyxonpoBoAa 11, paMW BomeBoH K8peTKB 12, npBBOAa XOAO-
Boro BBBTa BomeBOH KapeTKH 13, BomeBOH KapeTKB 14.
CT8BBBa 1 npeACTaBJIJleT c060ii lIyryHHYIO CTOBKY 5 B nJIBTY. K cToiKe KOB-
COJlbBO KpenJlTCJI KpoBmTeiBw npHKaT'lIIKa 4 B BaJI C60pOllBOrO 6apa6aBa. llJIJlTa
BMeeT BanpaBJIJlIOm;:o:e AJIJI nepeMem;eBBJI paMbl HOmeBOB: KapeTKH 12.
Bo BpeMJI pa60Tw CTaBKa KOBCOJIbBWH KOBeI( BaJIa C60pOllBOrO 6apa6aBa
nOMepmJIBaeTCJI nBeBMOI(eBTpOM OTKHABOH CTOB:KB 2. llOA'beM B onYCKaBHe CToiKJI
ocym;ecTBJIJlIOTCJI DBeBMO JIBBAPOM. B BepXBeM pa601leM nOJIOmeBBB cToiKa
HKcHpyeTCJI nBeBMaTH'leCKBM KJIHBOM. Ha cToiKe SaKpenJIeB KOBellBWii BHRJIIO-
lIaTeJIb, KOTOpbli 6JIOKHpyeT BEJlIOlIeBBe CTaHKa npB OTmaTOM DHeBMOn;eHTpe.
llpBKaT'lBK 4 (MaccBBHWB: pOJIHK) pacnOJIOmeB BaA C60POllBWM 6apa6aBOM.
OB COCTOHT HS BacameBHblX Ba peSBHOBwe SBeSAOllKH CTaJIbBWX KOJIeI(, lITe 06ecne-
lIHBaeT paBBOMepBYIO npBKaTKY CJIOeB peSBBW B TKaB1l no BCeB: AJIBBe C60pOllBOrO
6apa6aBa. llpHKaT'lHK nOABBMaeTCJI H onycKaeTcJI nBeBMOI(BJIBBAPOM; B BepXB9M
nOJIOmeBHH OB BKcBpyeTcJI npeAoxpaBBTeJIbBblM YCTpoicTBOM 10. llOJIOmeBBe
KOHCOJlJl C DpHKaT'lJIKOM B SaBHCBMOCTB OT AHaMeTpa 6apa6aBa perYJIBpyeTcJI
BpyqBYIO MaXOBB'lKOM MexaBBSMa nOA'beMa npBKaT'lBKa 6 lIepes napy KOBH'leCKBX
weCTepeB B BHBTOByIO nepeAallY,
B KalleCTBe npBBOABoro 8JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI AJIJI Bpam;eBHJI C60pOllHOrO 6a-
pa6aBa Bbl6paH TpexCKOpOCTBOH aCBBXpOBBblB: eKTpOABBraTeJlb 9 TBna A02-
61-8/6/4 MOm;BOCTbIO 3,8/4,8/6,0 KBT C lIaCTOTOH Bpam;eBHJI 710/950/1420 06/MHB.
OnepaI(HH BaBBBKB KOPAwBypa B peSKB I(JIJIBHAPH'leCKOB: sarOTOBKB Ba
cePAellBBKIl KJ.{BBOBHX peMBeii ocym;eCTBJIJlIOTCJI BOmeBOB: KapeTKoH 14, KOTOpaJi
DpeACTaBJIJle-r- 6060B: cynnopT C TpeMJI nJIOCKBMH BomaMH B CBCTeMOB: BanpaBJIJI-
IOm;HX POJIBKOB. HomeBaJi KapeTKa nepeMem;aeTCJI BAOJIb OCH 6apa6aBa no Banpa-
BJIJlIOm;BM CTOJIa paMbl 12 BOmeBOB: KapeTKB. llepeMem;eBBe BomeBOH KapeTKH
npH BaBBBKe KOPAmBypa npOBSBOABTCJI MeXaBH'leCKB. He06xOABMwi war BaBJlBKII
Kopp;mBypa Ba 6apa6aB 06eCnellBBaeTCJI CMeBBYMH meCTepBJlMB, YCTaBOBJIeBBWMH
Ba XOAOBOM BUTe. HaBHBOllBOe npBcnoc06JIeBHe 3 pacnOJIOmeBO CJIeBa Ba cToHKe
BomeBOH KapeTKH. He06xoAHMOe BaTJlmeBBe KOPAwBypa COSAaeTCJI ADCKOBYM
TOpMOSOM B nOAnpymBBeBBblM nOABBmHWM POJIBKOM.
PesKa sarOTOBOK peMBeH npOBSBOADTCJI Ba Bpam;aIOm;eMCJI 6apa6aBe BomaMH,
YCTaBOBJIeHBblMH Ba BOmeBOB: KapeTKe nOA Tpe6yeMblM yrJlOM. ,ABa Boma YCTa-
HOBJIeBbl nOA yrJIOM, a CpeABBH - BOpMaJIbBO K DOBepXBOCTH 6apa6aBa. BOJIbmOe
pacnpOCTpaHeBBe npB 06paTBOM cnoc06e C60PKII peMBeH nOJIyqHJIa peSKa saro-
TOBKB OABBM nrYPBblM BomOM, YCTaHaBJIBBaeMWM BOpMaJIbBO K DOBepXBOCTB
6apa6aBa, BO BMeIOm;HM TPH pemym;:o:x JIeSBBJI. llepeMem;eB1le BOmeBOB: KapeTKH
Ba WBpBBy pes a sarOTOBKH peMBJI npOBSBOABTCJI BpyqBYIO Bpam;eBHeM Maxo-
BB'lKa. llPB 3TOM XOAOBOB: BBBT AOJImeB 6WTb BeUOABBmBYM.
llOA'beM B onYCKaB1le npBKaTOllBOrO pOJIHKa (npBKaT'lBKa), nOA'beM H ony-
CKaBBe OTICDARoi CTOBKH, nOAmaTBe I(eu:rPOM OTKB BOB: CTOBKB KOBCOJIbBOrO KOBI(a
485
Ii
Ii»
"
958
728
-206U
2505max
PJfC. 14.3. CraBOR CKP-1A-65 JIR c60pKJf Jf peaKII cePAe'IBJfJ(OB IUIJfJfOBIa peamei:
1 - CTaBIIIIa; fI - OTIQUtRIIJI CTOilKa; 8 - RaBHBO'lRoe DpaCDocoGneaue; 4 - DpHRa'I"IIIK; $ - CTOAKa; (J - lIeJl:allHaM DOJl.'I>eMa DpIlKa1"lHKa;
., - KopoGKa Depe.ualf; 8 - 8J1eKTpooGop oBaJllle; 9 - BJleKTpO,IUIBraTeJlh; 10 - npeJloJtpaRllTeJlhROe YCTpoACTBO; 11 - B08I1¥Jl:ODpOBOIl; 12-
PIIIIa ROlll901 Kape'1'KlJ; 18 - Dplf80A Jl:OIlOBOro BURTa ROllleBoll KapeTKB; 14 - ROllleBIIJI KapeTKa.
BaJIa 6apa6aB& OCym;eCTBJIJlIOTCJI nBeBMaTBlIeCKB (C PYllBWM KpaBOBWM ynpaBJIe-
BBeM).
BKJIIOlIeBBe CTaBKa B pa60TY npOBSBOADTCJI npB nOMOm;B KBOnOK ynpaBJIeBBJI.
BKJIIOlIeBBe CTaBKa OT neAaJIB npeAYCMOTpeBO JIHmb B OABY CTOPOBY - «BnepeA».
CePAe'IHBKB KJIBBOBWX peMBeB: AJIBBOB: OT 3320 AO 15500 MM no BBYTpeBJleMY
ADaMeTPY B3rOTaBJIBBaIOT Ba YCTaBoBKe CRp':'2AY-65 (pBC. 14.4). PeMBB (TOJIbKO
KOPATKaBeBoi KOBCTpyKI(BB) Ba 3TOB: yCTaBoBKe BSrOTaBJIBBaIOTCJI MeTOAOM npJlMOH
rpynnoBoi c60pKB. C60pKa peMBeB: KOPAmBYPoBOB: KOBCTPYKI(BB Ba 3TOB: YCTa-
BOBKe Be npOB8BOADTCJI Bs-sa TPYABOCTB BaBBBKB KOPAmBypa Ba ABa 6apa6aBa.
'YCTaBOBKa CRP-2A'Y-65 COCTOBT BS CTaBKa CRP-2A-65, BWBOCBoro 6apa6aBa
B nOMepmBBaIOm;ero YCTpOB:CTBa. B OTJIH'lBe OT CTaBKa CRP-1A-65 Y CTaBKa
CRP-2A-65 yCBJIeHbl OTKBABaJl CTOBKa B nJIBT8 CTaBBBW. BWBOCBOB: 6apa6aB 1
C nOABBmBoi KapeTKOB: 2 YCTaBOBJIeB Ba TeJIemKe 3, nepeMem;aIOm;eB:CJI no peJIb-
COBOldY uyTH 4. ,ABa saABBX KaTKa 5 TeJIemKB - npBBOABble. BaJIw KaTKOB cBa6-
meBW 8J1eKTpOMarB1lTBWMB My aMB. (]>BKCaI(BJI TeJIemKIf Ba peJIbCOBOM nYTIf
ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI nOA'beMBWMB ynopaMB 6. CneI(BaJIbBWB: saXBaT 7 npeAOTBpam;aeT
onpOKBAbIBaBBe TeJIemKB npB BaTJlmeBBB I(IfJIHBAPH'leCKOB: sarOTOBKB (BBKeJIJI).
RapeTKa 2 COCTOBT BS BBmBeB: B BepxBei nJIBT. HBmBJlJI nJIBTa nepeMe-
m;aeTCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;BM TeJIemKB Ba lIeTwpex KaTKax. DpOAOJIbBOe nepeMem;e-
BBe KapeTKB (BBmBeB: nJIBTw) ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI npB nOMOIl1.B XOAOBoro BBBTa.
Ha Bepxaei nJIBTe YCTaBOBJIeBW KpoBmTeiBw BenoABBatBOB: B OTKBABOB: onop
6apa(JaBa. Bapa6aB, KOBCOJIbBO YKpenJIeBBWB: Ba BenoABBmBOB: onope, BO BpeMJI
pa60TH nOMepmBBaeTCJI mnBBAeJIeM OTKBABOB: onopw. BepxBJIJI nJIBTa 6.1Iaro;a;apJl
BJlBTOBOldY YCTpoicTBY BMeeT BOSMomBOCTb nOBOpOTa Ba BeKOTOpWB: yrOJI OTBOCB-
TeJIbB8 BD)I(BeB: nJIBTW, "ITO Be06xoABMO 1(JIJI o6eCnelleBBJI CTpOrOB: COOCBOCTJI
DLtBoCUOI'O B c60po'IBoro 6apaoaBoB.
TeJIemKa 3 B KapeTKa 2 npBBOARTCJI B ABBmeBBe OT OABoro npBBoAa, BKJIIO-
lIaIOm;ero B ce6J1 8JIeKTpOABJIraTeJIb nepeMeBBoro TOKa, lIepBJllIBWB: peAyKTop BABe
iJIeKTpOMarBBTHble MY TW. DpB BKJIIOlIeBBB OABOB: 3JIeKTpOMarBBTBOB: Myt)TW
npOBCXOABT nep,eMem;eBBe TeJIemKB no peJIbCaM, npB BKJIIOlIeBBB BTOpoi - nepe-
Mem;eBBe KapeijB no BanpaBJIJlIOII1.BM TeJIemKB. CKOpOCTb nepeltlem;eBBJI TeJIemKH
BYBOCBOI:O 6apa6aBa 7,68 M/MBB, a KapeTKH BWBOCBoro 6apa6aBa - 0,3 M/MBB.
Dpo cc C60PKB sarOTOBOK KJIJlBOBWX peMBeB: SaKJIIOlIaeTCJI B CJIeAYIOm;eM.
TeJIemKa BYBOCBOrO 6apa6aBa yCTaBaBJIBBaeTCJI nepeA ynOpOM, COOTBeTCTBYIOII1.IDI
S&AaBBOi AJIlIBe peMBJI. 'Y CTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI Be06xoAHMoe KOJIBlIeCTBO nOMepmBBa-
IOII1.BX pOJIHKOB. DepBwi CJIOB: K&JIaBAPOBaBBOB: peSBBW BJIB npopesBBeBBOB: TKaBB
OT c60p01lB<lro 6apa6aBa CTaBKa BanpaBJIJleTCJI K BblBOCBOMY 6apa6aBY, BPY'IBYIO
orB6aeTCJI BOKpyr Bero, B CB060ABwi KOBeI( ero SanpaBJIJleTCJI nOA BepXBIOIO
BeTBb Ba C60pO'IBOM 6apa6aBe. OnYCKaeTCJI npBKaT'lBK; Ba c60pO'IBWB: B BWBOCBOii
6apa6aBW B onpeAeJIeBBOi nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbBOCTB B B onpeAeJIeBBOM KOJIH'leCTBe
BaKJIaAWBaIOTCJI CJIOB KaJIaBAPOBaBBoi peSIfBW BJIB npopeSBBeBBOB: TKaBB C OABO-
BpeMeBBoi BX npBKaTKoi. Do OKOBlIaBBB C60PKB I(BJIBBAPBlIeCKaJl 3arOTOBK8
paspeSaeTCJI Ba KOJIbI(eBWe sarOTOBKB npJlMoyrOJIbBOrO npO BJIJI.
CTaBoK CRP-1A-65 B YCTaBOBKa CRP-2A'Y-65 pa60TaIOT COBMeCTBO C nJiTaTe-
JIeM CRPD-60A, yCTaBOBJIeBBWM co CTOpOBW pa601lero MeCTa. llBTaTeJIb CRPll-60A
(pHC. 14.5) npeABaSBa'leB AJIJI xpaBeBBJI KaJIaBAPOBaBBOB: peSBBW B npOpe3J1BeB-
Boi TKaBB B nOAallB BX K CTaBKaM AJIJI C60PKB sarOTOBOK KJIBBOBWX peMBeB:. CKO-
pOCTb nOAallB MaTepBaJIa 16,5 MlMHB. DHTaTeJIb HMeeT nJlTb caMOCTOJlTeJIbBWX
MeXaBHSMOB nBTaBBJI, BS KOTOpWX lIeTwpe MeXaBBSMa CJIymaT AJIJI nOAallJl KaJIaB-
pOBaBBOB: pesJlBw paSBWX KaJIB6pOB B BMeIOT JlBABBBAyaJIbBWB: npBBOA. DJlTWB:
MeXaBH8M, BYBeCeBBwB Ba nepeABIOIO lIaCTb nBTaTeJIJI, CJIymBT AJIJI nOAallB npo-
pesHBeBBoi TKaBB.
MeXaBBSMI>I DBTaBJlJI KaJIaBAPOBaBBoi peSBBOB: COCTOJIT B3 paCKaTOllBOB:
mTaBrB 1, SaKaTO'IBWX mDHBAeJIJI 3 B pOJIBKa 2. Ha pacKaTollBYIO mTaBry CBO()OABO
487
.
8
5500
9700
PRC. t4.4. YCT8BOBK8 CRP-2AY-65 p;JJJI C60pKH H peaKR cep-
p;e'IBJU(OB J(JIHBOBLIX peMBeii:
1 - BhlRocRoll GapaGaR; 2 - DO.llBHIRRaJl KapeTKa; 3 - TeJJeIRKa; 4-
pem.COBwt DyTb; $ - 38.11RHe KaTKH TeJleIRKH; (J - DO.ll'heNRbIe ynOPhl;
1 - CDellllaJlbRhlll 8aXBaT; 8 - BepTRKaJlbRaJl paMa; 9 - nOlllleplRRRa-
IOll\He POJIRKH.
1039
31f90
7&7
B8AeTa 60611Ha C BaMOTaBHWM Ba Bee MaTepBaJIOM. ,AJIlIHa 60611Hw 1300 MM, a ee
AH8.MeTp 100 MM. 3aKaTOllBwi pOJIBK 2 npeACTaBJIJleT c060B: rYMMllpOBaHHYIO
CTaJIIoUYIO TPy6y, yCTaBOBJIeBUYIO B mapHKonOAmBnBIfKax Ba ABYX onopax. POJIHK
npBBOAHTCJI BO Bpam;eBBe OT JIaB1(eBOrO 8JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI TUna A02-H-4 (MOm;-
BOCTb 0,6 KBT, lIaCTOTa Bpam;eBBJI 1400 06/MIIH) lIepes nJIaBeTapBWi peAYKTOp
C nepeAaTOllBWM lIBCJIOM 1 : 20.
J 2
Hanpa8J1e
lfopdmlfaHU
COOpOllHblU 6apa.
6aH cmaHlfa CKP-!R-&5
6apa6aH dJlII Jalfam-
Ifl.i npOlfnQQOIIHOU
mlfQHU
Pac. t'.5. IIaT8TeJJI> CRPII-60A:
1 - pacKaro'IJIlIJI lDTaJIJ'a; B - 8aKaro'lRhlil POmtK; ,- 3aKaro'lRhlil 1IIDIIJIIIem.; 4 - JlOTKB; 8 - HUaRD8H
DBTaRIIJI KOPJn'Kam.lO.
MexaBBsM 5 nBTaBBJI KOPATKaBbIO SaKpenJIeB Ba nepeABei cToiKe CTaBHHbl.
OB COCTOBT HS nOABeCKB AJIJI pYJIOBa C KOPATKaBbIO, mTaBrB C npBeMBOB: 606BBOi
AJIJI oT60pa npOKJIaAO'IBOrO XOJICTa B Tpex BanpasJIJlIOm;HX POJIBKOB. Ha BepXBeM
pOJIBKe HMeeTCJI TOpMOS, nOSBOJIJlIOm;BB: nOAaBaTb KOPATKaBb nOA Ba-
TJlmeBHeM.
Ha nepeABeB: lIaCTB CTaBIIHW yCTaBOBJIeBW JIOTKH 4, BanpaBJIJlIOm;Be K c60poll-
BOMY 6apa6aBY KaJIaBAPOBaBBYIO peSBBY.
HSrOTOBJIeBBe BeBTBJIJlTOpHWX peMBeB: KOPAWBYPOBOi KOBCTPYK1(HB MeTOAOM
rpynnOBOB: C60PKB C paSAeJIeBBeM Onepa1(BB: npOBSBOABTCJI Ba nOTo'IBoi JIBBHH
HP'Y-19M, CTaBKB KOTOpoii CneI(BaJIHSBpOBaBW AJIJI BWnOJIBeBBJI onpeAeJIeBBOi
rpynnw OnepaI(BB:. Bapa6aB, Ba KOTOpOM c06BpaeTcJI aarOTOBKa, nepeAaeTCJI no
Mepe saBepmeBBJI OTAeJIbBWX OnepaI(BB: C OABoro CTaBKa Ba APyrOB:. CxeMa pac-
490
CTaBOBKH CT8HKOB JIHBHH HPY-19 nOKa3aBa Ba pHC. 14.6. HHme npHBeAeBa Tex-
HHlIeCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa nOTOllBOB: JIHBHH HPY-19M:
UaMeTp YCTaBaBJlUBaeMhlX 6apa6aBoB, MM .........
JlnHa pa6o'leii 'IaCTO 6apa6aHa, MM ............
JIuHeHHall CKOpOCTb 6apa6aBa npu c60pKe MBOrOCJlOHBOH aa-
rOTOBKB, M/MUD ...............
J{aBJleSHe npUKaTKB, B/CM . . . . . . . . . . .
JIuBeHHaH CKOpOCTb HaBBBKU KOPAillHypa, M/MDH
maru: HaBBBKH, MM ..............
200-800
1250
mar peaKB, MM ......................
CKOpOCTb peaKU MHOrOCJlOHBOii aarOTOBKU Ba CepAe'lBBKU peM-
HeH, M/MHB .......................
npOAOJlffiBTeJlbHOCTb BKJla OAHoro peaa, C .........
24
67,5-74.0
. tSO
. t,O; t,4; 1,8;
1,9; 2.0; 2,8:
2,9: 3,3
6-32
250
3
llepBaJi H TpeTbJl onepaI(HH TeXBOJIOrHlIeCKOrO npoI(ecca C60PKH MBOrOcJIoi-
BOH sarOTOBKH Ba JIHBHH HPY-19M npOH3BOAJlTCJI Ba CTaBKe HPO-721O-A, cxeMa
KOToporo npHBeAeBa Ba pHC. 14.7.
:'ft
5 1 '
2808U II
5000 '1000
1'1900 , 11 II
2
0 ' . II
2 V II
I
IN
ze:;:--t¥ '-E-
PRC. t4.6. CxeMa paCCTaBOBKU CTaHKOB JIHHUU IIPV-t9:
1 - CTaROK 11M c60pKII 8arOTOBKR; 2 - Dl1TaTCJlb K CTam;y AJlI! c60pl(R !larOTOBKII; 11 - CTaROK I1J11f RaBHB :H
KOPIlmRypa; 4 - cymHJlbRall J<aMepa; 5 - CT8HOJ< AM Hape3KH CepIIe'lIlHI<OB KJlHROBhlX peMReft; 6 - YCTaHOBKa
11M C'beMa cePIle'lHHKOB C uapa6aHa; 7 - pCJJhCbl.
CTaHOK COCTOHT D3 CTammLl, a8AHero I(enTpa, nepeABerO eHTpa, npHBOAa
MeXaBHSMa 3arpY3KH H BbIrpY3KIi 6apa6aHa, npHKaT'lHKa. CTaBOK n03BOJIJleT
npOH3BOAHTb C60PKY MnOrOC-JIOB:HOH 3arOTOBKH Ba CneI(HaJIbHOM 6apa6aBe AJIHBOH
1250 MM H ,nlfaMeTpOM OT 200 AO 800 MM. 3amHM 6apa6aHa B IJ,eHTpaX H npHmHM
npHKaTlIHK3 K c60pOllnOMY 6apa6any OCym;eCTBJIJllOTCH nneBMaTHlIeCImM npHBOAOM'
C pyqBMM ItpaHOBbIM ynpaBJIenHeM. CTaHEI:Ia 1 npe,nCTaBJIJleT C060H nJIHTY, Ba
KOTOpO:B: YCTaBOBJIeHbJ CTO:B:Ka aaAHero I(eBTpa H Kopnyc; B nOCJIeAHeM paSMem;eHbl
nepeABHH I(eHTp H npHBO,n 6apa6aBa. 3a,nBHH eHTp npeACTaBJIJleT C060H Kopnyc 2,
YCTaBOBJIeBBbIB: Ba CTOHKe CTaHHHhl. l\opnyc HMeeT D;HJIHHAPH'IecKyIO DOJIOCTb,
B KOTOpOB: nOMem.eHa nHBOJIb 3. BBYTPH nHBOJID YCTaHOBJIeB mlIHHAeJIb Ba POJIH-
KOBbIX nOAmHDBHKax C saKpenneHBWM B HeM I(eBTpOM. llHHOJIb coeAHBeBa co
491
7
-8
PRC. t4.7. CxeMa CTaaKa JI.1IIl c60pJUI aarOTOBKB HPO-72tO-A:
1 - CTaRJIRa; 2 - KOPDYC 8QRerO lIeRTPa; 3 - DIIRom,; 4 - CTaKaR DepeIlHero lIeHTPa: $ - 1IDIBIfJIem.; , - DR88"O II8pellelQ8IIIIJI Depe,qRero lIeRTPal
'I - 8YG'IaTalf DepeIla'la; 8 - KJIUROpeMeRRalf DepeIla'la; 9 - 9neKTPOIlBUraTenb.
mTOKOM nBeBMOI(BJIBBApa. ,AJIJI npeAOTBpam;eBBJI paSmHMaBBJI D;eBTpOB B npo1(eCCe
C60PKH H npBKaTKB SarOTOBKB (npB naAeBBB AaBJIeBBJI CmaTOrO BosAyxa B 1(B- ·
JIHBApe) B KOBCTPYKI(BB YSJIa npeAycMoTpeB SaMOK, BKCBpYIOm;BH nBBOJIb
C D;eHTpOM B BWABHBYTOM nOJIOmeBBB.
llepeABHH I(eBTp npeACTaBJIJleT C060H CTaKaB 4, YCTaBOBJIeBBWB: B Kopnyce
CTaBBBW. BHYTPH CTaKaBa Ba pOJIBKOBWX nOAmBnBBKax nOMem;eB mnBBAeJIb 5,
Ba XBOCTOBOB: lIaCTB KOToporo 3aKpenJIeBa mJIBI(eBaJl BTYJIKa, nepeAaIOm.aJl mnBB-
AeJIIO Bpam;eBHe OT BaJIa YSJIa npBBOAa. B nepeABeB: lIaCTH mnBBAeJIJI BaXOAHTCJI
I(eHTp AJIJI samHMa B I(eBTpBpOBaBBJI 6apa6aBa. Ha saABeM KOB1(e CTaKaBa, BBBSy,
SaKpenJIeB Ba naJIbI(e pOJIBK. 3TOT pOJIBK nOMem;eB B KYJIallKOBYIO npopesb nJIBTW,
KOTOpaJi SaKpenJIeBa Ba nBeBMOI(BJIBBApe 6.
llBeBMOI(BJIHBAP yCTaBOBJIeB Ba ABYX I(BJIIfHAPBlIeCKBX BanpaBJIJlIOm;BX B
MomeT nepeABHraTbCJI no BHM, nOTOMY lITO ero mTOK npHKpenJIeB K Kopnycy. Ta-
KHM 06pa30M, CmaTWB: B03AYX, nonaAaJl B npaByIO If JIB JIeBYIO nOJIOCTH nBeBMO-
I(HJIHBApa, C006m;aeT I(BJIBBAPY ABBmeBBe no BanpaBJIJlIODJ;HM, a 6JIarOAapJl KyJIall-
KOBOB: npopesB B nJIBTe c006m;aeTcJI nocTynaTeJIbBOe ABBmeBHe cTaKaBY, KOTOpWB:
ocym;ecTBJIJleT OnepaI(HIO samBMa BJIB pasmHMaBBJI 6apa6aBa B I(eBTpax.
llpBBOA CTaBKa npeACTaBJIJleT C060H meCTepeBlIaTWB: nepe60p, KJIBBOpe-
MeBBYIO nepeAa'lY 8 H aJIeKTpOABBraTeJIb 9 nOCTOJlBBOrO TOKa TBna ll-42 C ABana-
SOBOM perYJIBpOBaBBJI lIaCTOTW Bpam;eBBJI OT 1800 AO 500 06/MBB.
C60pKa MBOrOCJIOB:BOB: sarOTOBKB npOH3BOABTCJI npB nOCTOJIBBOi oKpymBOB:
CKOpOCTB Bpam;eBHJI 6apa6aBa, paBBOB: 24 M/MBB, KOTOpaJi YCTaBaBJIBBaeTCJI aBTO-
MaTBlIeCKB B 3aBBCBMOCTH OT AHaMeTpa 6apa6aHa. PerYJIBpOBaBBe lIaCTOTbl Bpam;e-
HBJI 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI npOHSBOAHTCJI 6eCKOBTaKTBWM CeJIbCBBOM THna B,A-501,
KOTOpWB: YCTaBOBJIeB Ba BaJIY npBKaTlIBKa.
3arpysKa 6apa6aBa Ba CTaBOK npOBSBOABTCJI C TeJIemKB npB nOMOm;B pWlIarOB
8 C npHBOAOM OT nBeBMOI(BJIBBApa 7 (CM. pBC. 14.8)..
YnpaBJIeBBe aJIeKTpOnpHBOAOM HomBoe - neAaJIbBOe B pyquoe - nepeKJIIO-
lIaTeJIJlMH B KBonKaMH.
IIoAalla KaJIaBAPOBaBBOB: peSBBW H npopeSlIBeBBOB: TKaBIf npOB3BOABTCJI
C nBTaTeJIJI HPO-7220-A, cxeMa YCTaBOBKB KOToporo co CTaBKOM AJIJI C60PKH saro-
TOBKH HPO-7210-A nOKa3aBa Ba pBC. 14.8. B npOI(eCce nHTaBBJI nOAaBaeMwH
MaTepBaJi npBBYABTeJIbBO CMaTWBaeTCJI C 606BBW 1 BMeCTe C npOKJIaAOllBWM XOJI-
CTOM H BanpaBJIJleTCJI Ba JIOTKB 2. Ha KpaHBeM pOJIBKe 3 JIOTKa XOJICT OTAeJIJleTCJI
OT nOAaBaeMoro MaTepBaJIa H lIepes BanpaBJIJlIOm.BB: pOJIBK 4 nocTynaeT Ba npBeM-
BYIO 606BBY 5, BaAeTYIO Ba 3aKaTOllBWB: mnBBAeJIb. 3aKaTwBaBBe XOJICTa npOBS-
BOAHTCJI Bpam;eHBeM pOJIBKa 6, Ba KOTOpOM cB060ABO JIemBT mnBBAeJIb C 606HBOH.
YnpaBJIeBHe nOAa'!eB: KaJIaBAPOBaBBOB: pe3BBW K C60pOllBOMY 6apa6aBY ocym.e-
CTBJIJleTCJI np-B nOMOm;B neAaJIB, YCTaBOBJIeBBOB: Y pa601lero MeCTa CTaBKa AJIJI
C60PKB sarOTOBOK peMBei.
HaBBBKa KOPAmBypa Ba C60POllBWB: 6apa6aB npOBSBOABTCJI Ba CTaBKe
HPO-7230-A, cxeMa KOToporo nOKa3aBa Ba pBC. 14.9. CTaBoK COCTOBT B3 CTaBBBW
1, nBTaTeJIJI 2, nepeABero D;eBTpa 3, saABero I(eBTpa 4, cynnopTa 5. 3aKpenJIeBBe
6apa6aBa npOBSBOAHTCJI npH nOMOm;B nBeBMaTBlIeCKBX 3aABero H nepeABero I(eBT-
pOB, KOBCTPYKI(HJI KOTOpLIX aBaJIOrBlIBa KOBCTPYKI(BH I(eBTpOB CTaBKa HPO-7210-A.
HaBBBKa KOPAmBypa Ba 6apa6aB ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI npB nOMOm;B cynnopTa 5,
nepeMem;aIOm;erOCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;HM CTaBHBH raB:KOH XOAOBoro BBBTa, CBJl3aH-
BOB: C cynnopTOM. OCTaBOB cynnopTa B KpaB:BHX nOJIOmeBBJlX npOBSBOABTCII OT
KOHellHWX BWKJIIOlIaTeJIeB: 7, YCTaBOBJIeBBWX Ba CTaBBBe.
IIpBBOA 6apa6aBa paSMem;eB B Kopnyce CTaBBBW B COCTOBT BS 3JIeKTpOABHra-
TeJIJI nOCTOJlHBOrO TOKa, peMeBBOB: H 3y611aTOB: nepeAa'!. TIpBBOA 6apa6aBa peBep-
CBBBWB:, noaToMY OnepaI(BJI BaBHBKB KOPAmBypa Ba 6apa6aB MomeT npoBsBo-
AHTbCJI KaK npB ABBmeBBB cynnopTa CJIeBa BanpaBo, TaK B npB nepeMem;eBBB ero
B 06paTBOM BanpaBJIeBBB.
493
HaBBBKa KOPAmBypa npOBSBOABTCJI C nOCTOJlBBOH oKpymBOB: CKOpOCTbIO
Bpam;eBBJI 6apa6aBa, pasBOB: 180 M/MBB, BeaaBHCBMO OT ABaMeTpa. PerYJIHpOBa-
BBe lIaCTOTW Bpam;eBBJI 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 6apa6aBa ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI CeJIbCBBOM 8,
KOTOpblH YCTaBOBJIeB Ba OCB pWlIara 6.
CTaHoK ynpaBJIJleTCJI C nYJIbTa B C OTAeJibBOi KBOnO'IDoi CTaBI(HB.
PesKa MBOrOCJIOB:BOB: sarOTOBKH Ba CepAellBBKB KJIHROBWX peMBeH npOHaBO-
)l;BTCJI Ba CTaBKe IIPO-7240-A. llPBBOA 6apa6aBa ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI OT :meKTpOABB-
raTeJIJI nOCTOJlBBOrO TOKa TIlDa ll-52 C perYJIBpyeMOB: lIaCTOTOB: Bpam;eBBJI - OT
PRC. t4.S. CXeMa YCT8BOBKR JIIITaTeJJlI co c6opo'DILIM CTaaKOM B JIBBBR HPV-t9M:
1 - GoGBlfa; 2 - nOTOIf; 8 - POJIIIK; 4 - lfaDpaBJllflOlitBil poJIIIK; $ - npBeMBlIII GoGea; (J - 8aKaTO'IIIhII po-
naif; ., - DReSJIIOllBJlllRI\P;!8.- plll'lar.
440 AO 1750 06/MBB. CKOpOCTb peaKB sarOTOBKB 250 M/MBH BeaaBHCBMO OT ABa-
MeTpa 6apa6aBa. llPBBOA cynnopTa c006m;aeT npepblBHCToe )J;BBmeBBe cynnopTY
C BomeBoi KapeTKOB:, a TaKme onycKaeT H nOABBMaeT nOJIaymKy C BomaMH.
B BBmBei lIaCTH KapeTKH cynnopTa SaKpenJIeBa AepmaBKa, Ba KOTOpOB: YCTa-
BOBJIe W yrOJIbBBKOBWi Bom, npopesaIOm;Bi TOJIbKO peSHBY MBOrOCJIOHHOB: saro-
TOBKB AO KOp1(WBypa, B nJIaCTBBlIaTWB Bom, npopeaaIO BB aarOTOBKY OT KOPA-
mBypa AO OCBOBaBBJI. B03BpaT cynnopTa ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI npB nOMOm;B BHAHBH-
AyaJIbBOrO 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI. BpaII{eBBe XOAOBOMY BBHTY OT ABBraTeJIJI nepeAa-
eTCJI lIepea KJIBBOpeMeBBYIO nepeAallY.
IIycK 8JIeKTp01:(BBraTeJIJI npBBOAa BOSBpaTa cynnopTa ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI aBTO-
MaTH'leCKH. IIepeMe aJlcb B KpauBee npaBoe nOJIOmeBBe, cynnopT CBOBM ynOpOM
BamBMaeT Ba KOBe'IB1d: BHKJIIOlIaTeJIb, OTKJIIOlIaIOm;BB: 8JIeKTpOABHraTeJIB npBBOAa
6apa6aBa B nOAallB cynnopTa B BKJIIOlIaIOm;Bi npBBOA BOSBpaTa cynnopTa. Bo BpeMJI
494
2
"
,
..... .
6
'$
7 i
PBC. t4.9. CXeM& CT8JIKa HPO-7230-A pI! BaBBBJUI KOPAlIIBypa:
J _ 6'l'aRIIIIa; I _ IDI'I'aTeJlb; 8 _ Depea.... 1ITp; 4 - 1IaJI.... RTP; $ - CJIIDOpr, , - pil'l81'; 'I - KOBeuhll :BhiKJIIO'Ia'fem.; . - cem.cIIB.
B03BpaTa cynnopTa B IICXOABOe nOJIOmeBHe :meKTpOMarHIITBaJi MY Ta OTI(e-
nJIJleT XOAOBOi BHBT OT npllBOAa nOAa'IB.
ECJIII Ba OTelleCTBeBBWX SaBOAax PTH BaJIOmeBHe peSHBOBWX CJIOeB CmaTIIJI
II paCTJlmeBHJI CepAe'IBIIKOB KJIBBOBWX peMBei Ba CTaBKaX Cl\P-1A-65, Cl\P-2AY-65
II HPY-19M npOll3BOAIITCJI nOCJIOB:BOB: BaBHBKOii KaJIaBAPOBaBBWX JIIICTOB TOJI-
m;IIBOB: 0,65 II 1,3 MM, TO B npaKTIIKe pa60TW JlnOBCKIIX, aMepHKaBCKIIX B APyrBx
BpM npBMeBJlIOTCJI Ay6JIBpOBaBBWe BJIB KaJIaBAPOBaHBWe SarOTOBKB CJIOJl cma-
THJI. 3TB SarOTOBKII BaKJIaAWBaIOTCJI Ha 6apa6aH B CTWKyIOTCJI BenocpeACTBeBBO
Ba BeM BJIB CTWKYIOTCJI B PYKaB Ha CneI(BaJIbBOM arperaTe, a saTeM BaAeBaIOTCJI
Ba C60POllBWi 6apa6aB.
B HnOBBB BSrOTOBJIeBBe KJIBHOBWX peMBeB: KOPAWHYPOBOii KOBCTPYKI(HH
AJIBBOB: AO 2500 MM npOB3BOABTCJI MeTOAOM rpynnoBOB: npJlMoii C60PKB Ba OABO f
CTaBKe. XapaKTepBoi oc06eBBocTbIO TeXBOJIOrBlIeCKOrO npOI(eCca BSrOTOBJIeBBJI
KJIBBOBWX peMBei JlBJIJleTCJI TO, lITO CJIOB: CmaTBJI, CAy6JIBpOBaBHwii C SJIaCTBlIBWM
CJIOeM, BwnYCKaeTCJI BenocpeACTBeBBO Ba KaJIaBApe. CJIoii paCTJlmeBBJI, cAy6JIB-
pOBaBBYi C 8JIaCTH'lBWM CJIOeM, TaKme BSrOTaBJIBBaeTCJI Ba KaJIaHApe. PeSBHOBaJi
CMeCb AJIJI CJIOJl CmaTBJI B PYJIOBe nOAaeTCJI K arperaTY, rAe OBa paspeSaeTCJI J'la
MepBwe AJIBBW B cTwKyeTCJI B KOJIbI(O.
TIpB c60pKe KJIBBOBblX peMBeB: HpMa «BaBAQ) (HnOBBJI) BCnOJIb3yeT paSABBm-
Bwe C60pO'lHWe 6apa6aBW, ABaMeTp KOTOpWX MeBJleTCJI sa ClIeT paSABBmeBBJI nJIa-
BOK 6apa6aBa no 06paSYIOm;eB: 1(BJIBBApa. (]>BpMa npBMeBJleT 15 TBnopasMepoB
6apa6aBoB C AJIBBOi no BapymBOB: nOBepXBOCTB OT 600 AO 2500 MM. ,ABanasoH
perYJIBpOBaBBJI ABaMeTpa KamAoro 6apa6aBa COCTaBJIJleT 20-25%, pa601laJi
AJIBBa 6apa6aBa paBBa 1270 MM. Bapa6aBw BsrOTOBJIeBW BS CTaJIB, TOJIbKO nJIaBKB-
H3 aJIIOMBHBeBoro CnJIaBa. Bapa6aBw pa3ABBraIOTCJI B CKJIaAWBaIOTCJI OT cne-
1(BaJIbBOrO rBAPonpBBOAa, CMOHTBpOBaBBoro B Kopnyce CTaBBBW C60pOllBOrO
CTaBKa. PasABHmBwe C60pOllBWe 6apa6aBw npBMeBJlIOTCJI C BYJIKaBBSOBaBBblMH
pe3BBOBWMB py6amKaMB TOJIm;HBBOB: npBMepBO 10 MM, CJIymam;BMB OCBOBOB:,
B8 KOTOpoi npOBSBOABTCJI c60pKa peMBeB:.
YnpaBiIeBBe CTaBKOM ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI C nYJIbTa ynpaBJIeBBJI.
C60pKa CepAellBBKOB peweB: Ba'lBBaeTCJI C BaAeBaBBJI Ba CJIOmeBBWii 6apa6aB
sapaBee COCTWKOBaBBoro B KOJIb1(O CJIOJl CmaTBJI. llocJIe 8Toro 6apa6aB pa3ABB-
raeTCJI AO Be06xOABMOrO ABaMeTpa, B npOB3BOABTCJI BaBBBKa KOPAmBypa. llocJIe
BaBBBKB BaKJIa1(bIBaeTCJI CJIOB: paCTJlmeBBJI. Pe3BBa CJIOJl paCTJlmeBBJI nOAaeTCJI
K C60pO'IBOMY 6apa6aBY C nBTaTeJIJI, YCTaBOBJIeBHOrO n03aAH C60pOllBOrO CTaBKa.
DOJIyqeBBaJi MBorOCJIOB:BaJi nBJIBBAPlf'leCKaJl sarOTOBKa pa3peSaeTCJI Ba OTAeJIb-
BLie CepAellBIJKB. ,AaJIee 6apa6aB CKJIa BaeTCJI, nOABBmHaJi onopa OTBOAHTCJI
OT 6apa6aBa, H CepAellBBKB peMBeii cB060ABO CBBMaIOTCJI.
B qCCp npOI(ecc C60PKB CepAe'IBBKOB KJIBBOBWX peMBeB: KOPAmBYPoBoii
KOBCTpyKI(BB AJIBBOi AO 1800 MM paSAeJIJleTCJI Ba ABe CTaABB: 1) c60pKa MBoro-
CJIOB:BOB: 1(BJIBBAPBlIeCKOii sarOTOBKB Ba C60pOllBOM CTaBKe; 2) peSKa MBOrOcJIoi-
BOB: sarOTOBKB Ba CepAellBBKB KJIBBOBWX peMBeB: Ba cneI(HaJIbBOM CTaBKe. CTaBOK
AJIJI C60PKB MBOrOCJIODOB: I(BJIBBAPBlIeCKOB: 3arOTOBKB COCTOBT BS CTaBBBW, nJIaB-
maii6w, paSABBmBoro 6apa6aBa, npBKaTOllBOrO pOJIBKa (npBKaT'IBKa), YCTpOB:CTBa
AJIJI BaBBBKB KOPAmBypa, CToiiKB nBTaTeJIJI.
C60pKa peJifBeB: npOB3BOABTCJI Ha KOBCOJIbBOM 6apa6aBe, COCTOJlm;eM B3 meCTH
paSAeJIbBWX ceKTopOB, YKpenJIeBBWX B nasax nJIaBmaB:6w. CeKTOpw MorYT
DepeMeInaTbCJI no nasaM B paABaJIbBOM BanpaBJIeBBB. nepeMem.eBBe ceKTopOB
ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI OT nBeBMOCBCTeMY. B 3aBBCBMOCTB OT AJIBBW c06BpaeMWX peMBeii
ceKTOpw MeBJlIOTCJI. HMeeTCJI Ba60p ceKTopOB AJIJI C60PKB peMBeB: AJIBBOB: OT 700 AO
850 MM, OT 900 AO 1120 MM, OT 1150 AO 1500 MM B OT 1600 AO 1800 MM.
HaA C60PO'lHblM 6apa6aBOM yCTaBOBJIeBO YCTpOB:CTBO AJIJI BaBHBKB KOPA-
mBypa. llepeA C60POllBWM 6apa6aBOM pacnOJIOmeH npBKaTO'IBWB: npO BJIBpOBaB-
BWB: pOJlBK, DpO BJIb KOToporo cooTBeTcTByeT npO HJIIO c06BpaeMOl'0 CepAellBBK3
496
peMBJI. Ha CTOB:Ke nHTaTeJIJI YCTaBOBJIeBW: PYJIOH peSHBW AJIJI CJIOJl CmaTBJI II
pOJIDK AJIJI npHeMa npOKJIaAOllBOrO XOJICTa. nepeA C60PO'IBWM 6apa6aHOM BHHSY
nOMeIJJ;aeTCJI PYJIOB peSHBW npO HJIHpOBaBHOrO CJIOJl CmaTHJI.
PeMBD C06HpaIOTCJI MeTOAOM 06paTBOB: C60PKH Ba 6apa6aBe 6es npHMeBeBDJI pe-
SHBOTKaBeBOD: Py6amKD. illBpHBa C06DpaeMOB: 1(BJIDHAPH'leCKOB: sarOTOBKD 409 MM.
.----
, /
'\ /t$>-
' / 1 8
, "1
5
z
PSC. t4.tO. TexaOJlOrJl'lecKaB cxeMa cTasKa JIB OOOpKR KJIRBOBhlX peMBeii JIBBOii AO t800 MM:
1 - pe8l11fa; , - 8aKaTaRRaJI B pynoR DpOKJIIUlKa; 8 - KaT}'IBKa C KopIlmRypOM; 4 - XOIlOBolt BRRT; . - TOp-
M08Roe YCTpoIlCTBO; ,.- c(i()PO'lRhlIt GapaGaR; 7 - DpBKa'1"lllK; 8 - DpocllBJlbRbIA MRoropyqbeBoll CepIle1JRRK.
nOCJIe OKOBlIaBDJI C60PKH CeKTOpW CABHraIOTCJI, H aarOTOBKa CBHMaeTCH C
6apa6aHa.
TeXHOJIOrHlIeCKaJl cxeMa CTaBKa npHBeAeBa Ba pHC. 14.10.
HHme npHBeAeBa ero TeXBHlIeCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHK :
qRCJlO cePAe'lBHKOB Ba sarOTOBKe
BPR Ce'leBRH peMBB 13x8 ...
BPR ce'leBHB peMBB 17xU . . .
qacTOTa BpameBHH 6apa6aBa, 06/MHB
BPR BaJIOJICeBDR MooB peSBBhI
BPH BaBHBKe KOPABlBypa
3JIeKTpOABurareJIb
BpRBOAa 6apa68Ba
MOOUlOCTb, KBT ...../.
'18CTOTa BPllmeBHB, 06/MHB
AJIJI BaBRBKR Kop mBypa
MOmBOCTb, KBT .....
'1aCTOTa BpameUHB, 06/MJIB
33
26
. 2; 3; 4; 5; 7
.101; 141; 196
265; 342
1.5
940
0.18
960
32 3aKa8 163
491
PeSKa C06paBBOB: MBoroCJIoBaoB: RJIRBAPRlIeCKOB: aarOTOBKR Ba CepAellBRKR
peMHeB: npORSBOARTCJI Ra Cne1(RaJIbROM CTaRKe, KOTOpJd: COCTORT RS AByX rJI8AKRX
BaJIHKOB R paCnOJIOmeBBorO cBepxy npO HJIRpOBaBBOrO pOJIHKa, RMeIOm;erO pemy-
DI.Re KpaJi. v v v
C60pKa R peSKa CepAellBHKOB peMBeR KOPATK8BeBOH KOUCTPYK1(HR JIHBOR
OT 950 AO 2800 MM R CelleBHeM OT 13 X 8 AO 25 X 16 npORSB01(JlTCJI Ra CTaBKe,
£xeMa KOToporo npRBeAeBa Ba pRC. 14.11. CnBoK COCTORT RS CTaBHBW, CMeBBoro
J
II
"""
"'"
PDC. t4.tt. TemOJIOrn9CK8JI CDMa CTaJlRa 11.JIJI c60pKD KJIBBOBflX pel(-
Dei Kop,lfrKaBeBoi KODC1'p :
1 -ponBK 11M DpBKa1'KB; a - IIJIOtBJlbBJd GapaGaR; 8 - ",OIlOBOft BHIIT; 4 - RaT_II<-
Roll GapaGaa; $ - KOP.llTKam.; I. 1 - pesoa.
jIpO HJIbBOrO 6apa6aBa, BaTamHOro 6apa6aBa, pOJIRKa AJIJI npRKaTKR R peSKR
,BRKeJIJI, CTOeK AJIJI YCTaBOBKR PYJIOROB C peSRHOi.
CMeBBWB: npO RJIbBWB: 6apa6aH 2, HMeIOIJJ;HB: OCTpwe KpaJl KaHaBOK, YCTaRO-
BJIeB Ba BaJIY npRBOAa CT8BKa. PaSMepw KaBaBOK npO RJIbBOrO 6apa6aHa R RX
'lHCJIO saBHCHT OT paSMepOB CelleBHJI C06HpaeMLtX peMBeB:. tJRCJIO KaHaBOK Ha 6apa-
6aBe MomeT 6WTb OT 15 AO 28. HaTJlmBOB: 6apa6aH 4 - rJIaAKHi, OB MomeT nepe-
MeIJJ;aTbCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;HM npH nOMOm;R BHHTa 9, KOTOpYi npHBOARTCJI BO Bpa-
eBRe OT OTAeJIbBOrO 3JIeKTpOABRraTeJIJI. nepeA npO HJIbHWM 6apa6aBoM YC'i.'aRO-
BJIeH npHKaTO'IBbIB: pOJIHK 1, npRBOAHMWB: B ABRmeBRe nBeBMO JIBBAPOM. R CT8-
BRBe CTaBKa BBHSy npHKpenJIeBW mTaBrR 5, 6, 7, Ha KOTOpyX yCTaHaBJIRBaIOTCJI
PYJIOB npO RJIRpOBaBBoro CJIOJl cmaTHJI, PYJIOH KOPATKaHR R PYJIOB peSHBW.
14.3. CT AHKH AnH 06EPTblBAHHH KnHHOBblX PEMHEA
nJl 06epmBaHRJI CepAe'IBBKOB KJIHBOBWX peMBeB: TKaBeBHMH JIeBTaMH
B OTelleCTBeRBOB: npOMLtmJIeBHOCTH B UaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI npHMeHJlIOTCJI 06epTOllBWe
CTaBKH Tpex THnOB: ORP-1M, ORP-2M-1 H ORP-2M-2.
CTaBOK OKP-1M (pRC. 14.12) COCTORT HS CTaHHBW 1, neAaJIR 2 AJIJI BKJIIOlIe-
,BRJI CTaBKa B pa60TY, KpOBmTeBaa 9 AJIJI YCTaHOBKR pYJIOHa C 06epTo'IB0B: JIeBTOB:
498
3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI 4, MexaBHSMa 5 06epTKR, npHBoABoro mKHna 6, 06epTOllBWX
pOJIHKOB 7, BaTJlmBOrO MexaBHSMa 9, Ba KOTOpOM YCTaBOBJIeB mKHB 8.
Ha Kopnyce CTaBHBW CTaBKa SaKpenJIeH MexaBB3M 06epTwBaBHJI 5, npeACTa-
BJIJlIOIJJ;RB: c060B: pyqar C YCTaBOBJIeBBbIMH Ba BeM nOAnpymHBenBWMH pOJIHKaMH.
Y CRJIRe npBmHMa pOJIHKOB K cepAellBRKY peMBJI MomBO perYJIHpOnaTb. PWlIar
CBJlSaB co mTOKOM nBeBM01(HJIRHApa. llpBBOAIIOB: mKHB 6 nOJIYllaeT BpaIJJ;eBHe OT
npHBOAa, KOTOpWB: COCTOHT R3 3JIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 4 nepeMeBBoro TOlta, peAYKTOpa
7 6
J
2
Puc.' t4.12. CTaU()K ORP-1M JIB 06epTLlBaBUB IUIBBOBHX peMBei:
1 - CTaHRRa; 2 - DeaaJIb I1nR BKJIIO'IeRRlf CTaRKa B paGoTY; 8 - npolforrel:a 11M 'YCTaIfOBKlI pynoR8 C 06epTO'i-
Roll nellTOII; 4 - aneKT))OI1BHraTCJIb; - MeXaJm3M 06epTKB; 8 - DPBBOI1BOIL mKIIB; 1 - OOepTO'lIllllC POJIIIKId;
8 - RaTRlKJloll mKBB; 9 - HaTRIKRoll MeXaHR8M.
R peMeBHOB: nepeAa'lH. 06ePTo'IBwe pOJIRKH 7 TaKme SaKpenJIeHW Ba Kopnyce
CTaBHBW. HaTJlmBOB: MexaBD3M 9 COCTORT RS nOABHmBOB: II BenoABBmBOB: 6aJIOK.
HenoABHmBaJi 6aJIKa KpenHTCJI C O)\BOB: CTOpOBW Ba CTOB:Ke, a C APyrOB: - K KOp-
DYCY CTaBRBW. lloABBmBaJi 6aJIKa CBJlSaHa co mTOKOM nBeBMOI(BJIlfliApa H BMeeT
BOSMomBOCTb nepeMeIJJ;aTbCJI DO BanpaBJIJlIOm;HM. Ha DOABRmBOB: 6aJIKe YCTaBO-
BJIeBa nOJISyDlKa, Ba KOTOpOB: SaKpenJIeB BaTJlmBOB: mKHB 8. llOJI3ymKa MOateT
cB060ABO nepeABHraTbCJI no 6aJIKe R SaKpenJIJlTbCJI Ha BeB:. Ha BenoABHmBOB:
6aJIKe yCTaBOBJIeBa ynopBail nOJISyDlKa.
CTaBOK pa60TaeT CJIeAyJOm;RM 06pasoM. llOJISyDlKy Ba BenoABDmBOB: 6aJIKe
YCTaBaBJIRBaIOT Ba AJIHBY CepAe'IBDKa KJIRBOBOro peMBJI R SaKpenJIJlIOT ee CTono-
pOM. llOJIsymKY C BaTJlmBbIM mKHBOM SaKpenJIJlIOT Ba nOABRmBOB: 6aJIKe BeCKOJIb-
KO 6JIBme - Be AOCTHraJi ynopBOB: nOJIsymKH Ba BeJIBlIRBy BaTJlmeHHJI peMBJi.
llocJIe SaKpenJIeHHJI nOJI3ymeK CepAellBBK KJIHBOBOro peMBJI YKJIaAWBaIOT Ha
WKDBW H nOAaIOT CmaTWB: B03AYX B I(HJIDBAP BaTJlmBOrO MexaBRSMa H oABoBpeMeBBo
32* 499
B nBeBM01(HJIUBAP, DOAmUMaIOm;UB: pOJIHKH MeXaHUSMa 06epTWBaHUJI K cep-
p;e'IBHKY peMBJI. nOCJIe STOrO SanpaBJIJlIOT JIeBTOllKy npOpeSHBeBBOB: TKaBH nOA
nepeABHi POJIUK MexaBHSMa OOepTI>IBaBHJI H BamUMaIOT BOrOB: Ba neAaJIb, KOTOpaJI
BKJIIOlIaeT 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIb, npUBOAJlm;UB: BO Bpam;eBHe npUBOABOi mKHB.
Bpam;aJlCb, mKUB C HaAeTYM Ba Bero CepAellBHKOM saXBaTWBaeT JIeBTOllKY;
nepeABHB: POJIUK npHmHMaeT ee K CepAellBHKy peMBJI, a 60KOBwe pom.iKu, pacno-
JIOmeBBWe BeCKOJIbKO AaJIbme, saru6aIOT JIeBTOllKY K 60KOBWM ee CTeBKaM. 3a 60Ko-
BWMH pOJIHKaMH pacnOJIOmeHW ABa pOJIHKa, npUmBMaIOIJJ;Be JIeBTOllKY K cepAell-
BUKY CBBSy, H ABa 06epTO'IBwe pOJIHKa, KOTopwe npOH3BOAJlT OKOR'laTeJIbBoe
3aBepTWBaBue JIeBTO'IKU Ha CepAe'IBHKe.
nOAalla JIeBTOllKU npopeSHBeBBOB: TKaBH K MexaBHSMY 06epTWBaBUJI OCYIJJ;eCT-
BJIJleTCJI OT 606HHW, YCTaBOBJIeBBOB: Ha OCH, pacnOJIOmeBBOB: HHme MexaBHSMa
06epTWBaHHJI.
Hume npHBeAeBa TeXBHlIeCKaJl xapaKTepUCTHKa CTaBKOB AJIJI 06epTWBaBHJI
KJIHBOBWX peMBeB::
CTaRKR
Dpoq)DJID 06epTIIIBaeMLlX peeeii:
OKP-IM
.O,A,B,B
(BeBTDJlII-
TOpRLle)
500-2500
0,6
OKP-2M-1 OKP-2M-2
B,r, , E B,r, , E
JIUBIII peMBeii:, MH ........
CKOpOCTb 06epTHBaBWI, H/c ....
MaKCUMaJIbBaJI mupBBa o6epTO'IIILIX
JIeBT, 11M .......
ra6apuTBLle pasMepLl, IrIM
):tJIUBa .
mDpuBa . . . . . . .
BLlCOTa .......
85
2220
625
1296
t900-8000 8000- 18000
0,75 0,75
t75 175
5413 10 t40
705 750
13tO 1310
Cym;eCTBYIOm;ue MeXaHHlIeCKUe CTaBKH MaJIOnpOHSBOAHTeJIbBw.
Ha CTaBKe AJIJI ooepTWBaBHJI KJIHBOBWX peMBeB: 573-9 KOBCTPYK1(HH
BHHHPTMAm (pHC. 14.13) Bce TeXHOJIOrHlIeCKHe onepa1(UH no 06epTbIBaBuIO
cepAellBHKa, KpOMe OAeBaBHJI H CBJlTHJI peMBJI, aBTOMaTD3BpOBaBW. YnpaBJIeBUe
CTaBKOM OCYIJJ;9CTBJIJleTCJI KBonKaMB C nYJIbTa ynpaBJIeBDJI.
nOJIyaBToMaTHlIeCKHB: CTaBOK AJIJI 06epTwBaBDJI KJIBBOBWX peMBeB: COCTOHT
HS CTaHHBW, YCTpOB:CTBa AJIJI HaTJlmeBBJI CepAe'IBHKa, OT03JIeKTpH'leCKOrO YCTpOB:-
CTBa, npBBOABoro mKUBa, MexaBHSMa OTpeSaBBJI JIeBTW, 06epTo'IBoro MexaBHSMa,
MexaBHSMa nOAallH JIeBTW K CepAe'IBHKY, MexaBHSMa BaHeCeBHJI KOBTpOJIbBOB:
&leTKU Ba JIeBTY, MexaBUSMa paCKaTKD JIeBTW H KOMneBcaTopa.
CTaBHHa.l - C60pBo-cBapBoi KOBCTpyKI(HH. YCTpOB:CTBO AJIJI BaTJlmeBUJI
peMBJI npeACTaBJIJleT C060B: mKHB 2, SaKpenJIeBBbIB: Ba KapeTKe, KOTOpaJi HMeeT
BOSMomBOCTb nepeMem;aTbCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;UM npH nOMOm;H XOAOBoro BBBTa.
nOJIOmeBHe mKHBa YCTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI BpyqBYIO B 3aBHCHMOCTU OT AJIHHbl
CepAellBHKa. Bo BpeMJI pa60Tw CTaBKa BaTJlmeBUe CepAellBUKa ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
nBeBM01(BJIHBAPOM.
{J)oT03JIeKTpHlIeCKOe YCTpOB:CTBO 9 npeAHaSHalleBO AJIJI nOAallu 3JIeKTpHlIeCKOrO
HMnyJIbCa SJIeKTpOHBOMy 6JIOKY ynpaBJIeBDJI pa60TOB: MexaBUSMOB npn npOXOmAe-
BHH MHMO Bero KOBTpOJIbBOB: MeTKH. HCTOllBHKOM CBeTa B OT03JIeKTpUlIeCKOM
YCTpOB:CTBe JlBJIJleTCJI JIaMna HaKaJIHBaBHJI, a npHeMBHKOM CBeTa, OTpameBBoro
OT MeTKH, - OTOTpaBSUCTOp.
npHBOAHOB: mKHB 4 YCTaBOBJIeB Ba BaJIY, KOTOpWB: nOJIylIaeT BpaIJJ;eBUe OT npH-
BOAa, COCTOJlIJJ;erO HS 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI nepeMeBBoro TOKa, peAYKTopa, nycKOBOB:
H TOpM03HOB: nBeBMaTB'leCKUX My .
MexaBB3M OTpeSaBUJI JIeBm npeACTaBJIJleT c060B: nJIOCKHB: Hom 5. Hom YCTa-
BOBJIeB nOA yrJIOM no OTBOmeBHIO K 06ePTo'IB0B: JIeBTe U npUBOABTCJI B AeB:CTBUe
OT nBeBM01(UJIHBApa.
500
06epTO'IBWB: MeXaBH3M COCTOBT BS AByx nOAnpymHBeBBWX B Bpam;aIOm;BKCJI
sa ClIeT TpeBBJI 0 BBYTpeBBIOIO nOBepXBOCTb peMBJI 06epTOllBWX ABCKOB 6 (sBes-
AOlleK) B nOABHmBOB: KapeTKH 7, nepeMem;aIOm;eB:CJI no BepTHKaJIbHWM BanpaBJIJI-
IOIJJ;HM npB nOMOm;B nBeBM01(BJIHBApa. Ha KapeTKe yCTaHOBJIeBw: onopBwe pOJIBKB
AJIJI npHmBMaBHJI CepAellBHKa peMBJI K 06epTO'IBWM AHCKaM BO BpeMJI 06epTwBaBBJI;
nOAnpymHBeBBwe npO BJIbBWe AHCKH B JIOTKH AJIJI nepBOBallaJIbHorO SaBOpa'IHBa-
HHJI KpaeB JIeBTW K 60KOBOB: nOBepXBOCTH CepAe'IBBKa peMRJI; pOJIBKB, Bpam;a-
IOIJJ;HeCJI Ba OCJlX B npeABaSBalleBBWe AJIJI npHmHMa 06epTO'IB0B: JIeHTW K 60KOBOB:
nOBepXBOCTH CepAe'IBBKa.
MexaBHsM nOAallH JIeHTW K cepAellBBKY BKJIIOlIaeT B ce6J1 nJIBTY 8, mapBBpBO
SaKpenJIeBBYIO Ha CTOJIe 9, nepeMeIJJ;aIOIJJ;eMCJI no ABYM 1(HJIHBAPBlIeCKBM Banpa-
BJIJlIOm;HM OT nHeBM01(BJIHBApa.
Z J" 5 8 10 9 73 72
Of
'"
-
w
PUC. J4.t3. nOJJyaBTOMaTll'lecKBi CTaBOK 573-9 AJIR 06ePTbiBaBUlI KJJUBOBbiX peMBeii:
1 - CTaBBBa; 2 - RaTIIII<Roll mKRB; 8 - IjIoToBneKTPH1IeCKOe 'YCTPollcTBO; 4 - DpRBoIlROit mKBB; $ - BOil<;
8 - o6ePTO'lllhle ABCKR; 1 - KapeTKa 06epTO'lROro MexaBB8Ma; 8. 9 - MeXaRll8M noltaqu neHThI K cePlte'lllllK'Y.
10 - MeX8JlB8M RaReceBBlllIORTPOJlbROIL MeTKB; 11 - P'YnOR C neRTOit; 12 - nplIBOARoll POJIIIK; 18 - DPRIKBM-
ROt POJIIIK; 14 - POJIIIK 'i<ollJleRcaTOpa. -'
MexaBHsM BaBeceBBJI KOBTpOJIbBOB: MeTKB 10 COCTOHT HS 60B:Ka, SaKpenJIeH-
Boro Ha mTOKe nBeBMOI(HJIHBApa, H YAapBHKa, BHmHDB: KOBeI( KOToporo Baxo-
ABTCJI BaA pOJIBKOM RpaCJlm;ero MexaBBSMa. POJIHK SaKpenJIeB B Bwpese nJIHTW Mexa-
BBSM(I. nOAallB JIeBm.
MexaBBsM paCKaTKH JIeBTW COCTOBT HS mnHBAeJIJI, Ba KOTOpWB: YCTaBaBJIH-
BaeTCJI PYJIOB 11 C JIeHTOB:, H ABYX pOJIHKOB, OABB HS KOTOpWX (12) npBBOAHTCJI
BO Bpam;eBHe OT BBAHBBAyaJIbBOrO 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI, a APyrOB: (13) - npH-
HCBMBOB:.
ROMneBcaTop npeABaSBalleB AJIJI COSAaBBJI nOCTOJIBBOrO BaTJlmeBBJI JIeBTW
BO BpeMJI 06epmBaBHJI, OB npeACTaBJIJleT c060B: pOJIBK 14, SaKpenJIeBBWB: Ba Ka-
peTKe, nepeMem;aIOm;eicJI no BepTHKaJIbBOi BanpaBJIJlIOIJJ;eB:.
CTaBOK AJIJI 06epTWBaBBJI KJIHBOBWX peMBei pa60TaeT B BaJIaAOllBOM H nOJIY-
aBTOMaTH'leCKOM pemBMax. HHme npBBeAeBa TeXBHlIeCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa CTaBKa:
Dpoc})UJJU 06epTLIBaeMbiX peMBeii ........ 0, A, B, B
(BeBTUJJR-
TopBble)
900-2650
1
100
nUBa peMBeii, MM ............
CKOpoCTb 06epTl>IBaBUR, M/C ........
MaKCBManbBIUI mupuBa OOOpTO'lBblX neBT, MM
fa6apuTBLte paSMepLt, MM
AnUBa
mupuBa
BLtCOTa
2867
tOOO
1362
501
14.4. 060PYAOBAHHE AnH BynKAHH3ALI,HH
KnHHOBblX PEMHEA
Cym;eCTByeT pa3JIHlIBOe 060pYAOBaBHe AJIJI BYJIKaBHsa1(UR KJIBBOBWX peMBeB::
060pYAOBaBHe AJIJI KOTJIOBOB: BYJIKaBHSa1(HH, npeccw AJIJI BYJIKaRRSa1( R, uenpe-
pWBBwe BYJIKaBUSaTopw, ARa parMeBBwe BYJIKaBHSaTopw.
14.4.1. 06oPYAoBaHHe AnSI KOTnoBoA BynKaHH3aqHH
BYJIKaBHSa1(IIIO BeBTHJIJlTOpHWX H npllBoAHWX peMBei AJIUHOB: AO 1700 MM,
a TaKme BapuaTopBwx peMBeR AJIHBOB: no BBYTpeHBeB: nOBepXBOCTH AO 2300 MM
OCYIJJ;eCTBJIJlIOT B 6apa6aBBwx pa360pBwX npecc- opMax B KOTJIe. RamAaJl 6apa-
6aBBaJi npecc- opMa COCTOIIT H3 OTAeJIbBWX, BKJIaAWBaeMWX OABO B APyroe KOJIb-
1(eBWX SBeBbeB. Ha nepBoe KOJIb1(O BaAeBaIOT CWPOB: peMeBb, saTeM SaKJIaAWBaIOT
BTopoe KOJIb1(O, 06pa3YIOm;ee BTOpyIO 60KOBYIO nOBepXBOCTb nepBOB: KJIHBOBOB:
KaBaB H. Ha BTopoe SBeHO OpMW BaAeBaIOT BTOpOB: peMeBb, BKJIaAWBaIOT TpeTbe
3BeBO OpMW H TaK npOAomKaIOT AO Tex nop, nOKa Be 6YAeT co6paBa BCJI 6apa6aB-
BaJi npecc- opMa. 3aroToBKH peMHeB: 3aKJIaAWBaIOT B npeABapllTeJIbBO pa30rpeTwe
OpMW, npBlIeM BX BBallaJIe CMa3WBaIOT IIJIH onYAPIIBaIOT.
C06paHBbIB: 6apa6aB CilUlMaIOT B oceBOM BanpaBJIeHHH B nBeBMaTH'leCKOM npec-
ce nB{J)-1 npH AaBJIeBBB B03Ayxa B CeT!! 0,3-0,4 Mlla B TYT me npOHSBOAJlT sa-
TJlmKY OpM 60JITaMII.
npecc COCTOIIT li3 CBapBOB: CTaHIIBW, pOJlliKOBOro CTOJIa AJIJI nOAallB, oT60pa
H nOAnpeCCOBKB 6apa6aHBwx OpM H nBeBMO DJIBHApa C nOAmRMBOB: JIanKOB:.
{J)opMY yCTaBaBJIDBaIOTCJI Ba POJIUKOBOM CTOJIe II cmUMaIOTCJI JIanKOB:, CMOBTHpO-
BaBBOB: Ba BBmBeM KOB1(e mTOKa nBeBMaTDtJeCRoro 1(HJIHHApa. llBeBMaTHlIeCKHB:
1(UJIHBAP YCTaBOBJIeB B BepXBeB: tJaCTH CTaBDHbI. Y CUJIue nOAnpeCCOBKU 50 KH.
llocJIe nOADpeccoBKH 6apa6aBBwe npecc- opMW nOABepraIOTCJI 06RaTKe II 6H8-
TOBKe MOKpWMH OIlBTaMB AJIJI npHAaHHJI sarOTOBKaM TOllBOrO npO BJIJI.
06KaTRa B 6BBToBKa 6apa6aBBwx OpM OCYIJJ;eCTBJIJleTCJI Ba CTaBKax Tllna
5000-1 UJIB OB{J)-1. CTaHOK 5000-1 (pBC. 14.14) COCTOBT us npuBoAa 1, KapeTKH 2,
llOMepmBBaIOm;DX pOJIBKOB 3, npHKaTOllBOrO pOJIHKa 4, nBeBMO HJIBBAPOB 5 H 6,
CTaBHBW 7. Ha CTaBBHe, CocToJlIJJ;ei DS ABYX lIyrYBBWX DJIBT U ABYX CTaJIbBWX
m;eK, CKpenJJeBBWX CTJlmBblMU 60JITaMH, YCTaHOBJIeBa KapeTKa C onpaBKaMB AJIJI
YSKoro II mHpoKoro 6HHTOB. B npopesJlx IJJ;eK ropUSOBTaJIbBO YCTaBOBJIeBW nOA-
A pmIfBaIOIJJ;Be pOJIHKH, f\OTOpble npDBOAJlTCJI BO BpaIJJ;eBUe OT nplfBoAa, BKJIIOlIa-
IOIJJ;erO 3JIeKTpOABUraTeJJb, lIepBJllIBWB: peAYKTop B cBcTeMY meCTepeH. ,ABa nOA-
Aepil<DBaI01I(DX pOJIHRa B saBBCBMOCTIf OT YCTaBaBJIHBaeMWx Ba BRX 6apa6aHHblX
OpM MorYT nepeMem;aTbCJI B npope JIx m;eK CTaBHBW npB nOMOm;H lIeTwpex nHeBMO-
1(BJIRHAPOB. llepeMem;eHHC KapeTKB C 6BBTOM npoRsBOAHTCJI BPyqHYIO. HBme npH-
Be.u;eHa TeXBHlIeCKaJl xapaKTepBcTBKa CTaBKa 5000-1:
Pa3Mep 6apa6aHBoH pMLI. MM
uaMeTp .. . . .
nnHRa . . . . . .
,D;uaMeTp ponHKOB, MM
nOMepIKUBalOlD,erO
npUKaTO'lROrO ...
,D;mma ponUKa, MM . .' .
npUilmr.IHOC YCHJ1UC, KH
qacToTa Bpam.eBlfJl nOMep»:HBalOlD,HX
pOJlHKOB, 06/MHB . . .
ra6apHTHblC pa3Meplil, MM
AJ1HRa
nmpHRa
BIilCOTa . . . . . . .
. 207-414
600
250
260
750
20
36,4
2075
t870
1450
502
B OTJIB'lBe OT CTaBKa 5000-1 y CTaBKa OBcJ>-1 BepTHKaJlbUOe nepeMem;eUBe
JABJX nOAAepmRB8IOm;RX pOJIJlKOB B npopesJlx m;eK CTaBHBW ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI OT
590
;:t
..
.
658
J48
2010
2075
PRc. t4.14. CTaBOK 5000-1 ADJI 06KaTKB B 6BBTOBKB 6apa6amna f;OpK:
1 - IIpIIBOJI; 2 - KapeTKa; , - DOMeplf(JlJl8JOIl\Be POJIBKII; 4 - DPJlRaTO'IIIId pomnc; $, 6 - DReBIIOQBJlBlljQ)IoI;
'I - CT8IIII1Ia.
cne1(.aJIbBOrO 8JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI. HRme npRBeAeUa TeXBRlIeCKaJl XapaKTepRCT1IK8
CTaUlta OB{J)-1:
PaSMep 6apa6aBBOii i{loPMH, MM
aMeTp . . . . . . .. .. 500-1050
JIlDla .......... 800
JJBBa sarOTOBKB KJJBBOBOro peMBJI,
10( ............... 1500-3200
Pa8Mep npBKaTO'lBOrO pOJJBKa, 10(
B8¥eTp . .'. . . . . . . . . .
JIlDla . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CKOpOOTb o6KaTKB U 6BBTOBKB 6apa-
6aBBI>tX i{lOPM, M/MUB ......
YcuJJue OpBKaTKB, KH
ra6apuTKYe paSMepY
JJUBa .
DmpBBa
BYCOTa
400
940
32
20
3000
29tO
2600
nOCJIe OHBTOBKR H 06KaTKH 6apa6aBBWe npeCc- OpMW nOMem;aIOTCJI Ba cne-
I(IIaJIbHble TeJIe)R]tU, KOTopwe BKaTWBaIOTCJI B BYJIKaBRSa1(HoBBwe KOTJIY. BYJIKaUU-
saD.BoBBNe KOTJIY ODHcaBW B rJI. 15.
503
14.4.2. npeccbl AmI BynKaHH3aqHH
KnHHOBblX peMHeH
RJIHBOBWe peMBB AJIHHOB: 60JIee 2800 MM BYJIKaBH3YIOTCJI Ba BYJIKaBHsa1(HOB-
HWX lIeJIIOCTHWX npeccax B BeCKOJIbKO npueMOB C nepeABumeBueM peMBJI. BOJIb-
illoe pacnpOCTpaBeBBe B npOMbImJIeHBOCTH nOJIYlIBJIH npeCCbI C nJIHTaMU paSMepOM
400 X 600 H 400 X 1200 MM.
Ha pHC. 14.15 npBBeAeBa cxeMa lIeJIIOCTBOro npecca C paSMepaMH nJIHT 400 X
X 1200 MM. llpecc CMOBTHpoBaB B OCHOBBOM BS AByx npeCCOB paSMepOM 400 x
x 600 u paCTJI)KBOro npBcnoc06JIeBHJI. npecc HMeeT ABe BarpeBaTeJIbBWe napoBwe
nJIUTW 1 u 2, OABa H3 KOTOpWX npHKpenJIeBa K nJIHTaM nJIyumepOB, a APyraJi -
K TpaBepcaM. MemAY HarpeBaTeJIbBWMH nJIBTaMH B BanpaBJIJlIOm;BX MOBTupyeTCJI
npO HJIbHaJi nJIBTa 3, JlBJIJlIOm.aJlCJI CMeHBOB: B saBHCHMOCTB OT npO UJIH peMBJI.
llpecc cBa6meB paCTJlmBWM npBcnoco6JIeBHeM, npeABaSBalleBBYM AJIJI paCTJI-
meBHJI peMBei AO saAaHHblX paSMepOB. PaCTJlmBoe npucnOC06JIeBHe COCTOHT H3
p
PRC. 14.15. qeJIIOCTBOH IIpacC 400 x 1200 AJIR BYJIKaBR3al\RR KJIRBOBflX peMBeR:
1. 2 - RarpeBaTeJJ1>Rhle DJlRTI>I; 8 - Dp(H/IIfJlbRali DJIIITa; 4, 6 - DOIlBB1Klfhle KapeTKU; 8 - penbcoBhIiI nYTb;
7.8 - KapeTKR; 9. 10 - npoclluJlblfhle GapaGaBl>l; 11 - aneKTJ)OABRraTeJlb; 12 - Ma%OBII'IOK.
ABYX nOABH)KBWX KapeTOK 4 H 5, BaXOAJlm;BXCJI CJIeBa H cnpaBa OT npecca. Ha pa-
Max TeJIemKB YCTaHOBJIeHbI KapeTKH 7 II 8 C npO HJIbBWMH 6apa6aBaMH 9 H 10.
HepeMem;eBHe KapeTKH 7 ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI sa ClIeT Bpam;eBHJI BHBTa, nOJIyqaIOm;ero
ABHmeHHe OT BHABBHAyaJIbHOrO 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI 11. llepeMem;eBBe KapeTKH 8
npOB3BOAHTCJI BPYlIByIO npB nOMOm;H MaXOBH'lKa 12.
llepeA BYJIKaBH3aI(HeB: 3arOTOBKH peMHeB: BaAeBaIOT Ba npO HJIbBWe 6apa-
6aBw 9 H 10 paCTJlmBOrO npHcnoco6JIeBHJI. HHmHHe lIaCTH sarOTOBOK peMBeB: sa-
KJIaAbIBaIOT B HHmBHe KaHaBKH npO BJIbHOH nJIHTW, nOCJIe lIero BHmBIOIO nJIHTY
npecca npHnOAHHMaIOT AO conpHKocBoBeHHH C npO HJIbBOB: nJIHTOB:. BepxHHe
lIaCTB 3arOTOBOK peMHeB: BKJIaAWBaIOT B BepXHHe KaBaBKH npO HJIbHOB: nJIHTW,
nOCJIe lIero BHmHIOIO nJIHTY CBOBa nOABHMaIOT TaK, lIT06bl MemAY npO HJIbBOB: H
BepXBeB: nJIHTaMH OCTaBaJICJI 3a30p 8-10 MM. 3aTeM BKJIIOlIaIOT ABHraTeJIb paCTJlm-
Boro npHcnoco6JIeBHJI.
06m;aJl BblTJlmKa npUBOABWX peMBeB: AJIHBOB: CBwme 2800 101M COCTaBJIJleT
3-4%. Ha AOJIIO nepBOB: BapKB npBXOAHTCJI 70-80% 06m;eB: BWTJI)KKH, Ba AOJIIO
nOCJIeAYIOm;HX - 20-30%. ,AaBJIeBHe npH BYJIKaBHSa1(BII peMBeB: COCTaBJIJleT
2,5 Mlla.
BopoBemcKHM 3aBOAOM TJlmeJIWX MeXaBHlIeCKHX npeCCOB Bwnym;eB nOJIY-
aBTOMaTHlIeCKHB: npecc MOAeJIH Bll-160 AJIJI BYJIKaBH3al.\HU peMBeB:. KOBCTPYKI(BJI
npecca saMeTBO OTJIH'laeTCJI OT cym.ecTByIOm;Hx KOBCTPYKI(HB:. nOJIyaBToM8THlIe-
504
CKHB npecc HMeeT I(eJIbHOCBapBYIO CTaBHBY, Ba KOTOpOH paSMem;eBW: BepXBJIJI
BYJIKaBHSaI(HOBBaJi nJIHTa, npO HJIbBaJi nJIHTa B rHApOI(HJIHBAP, SaKpWTWH Komy-
XOM. PaCCTOJlBHe MemAY BYJIKaBBSa1(HOBBWMH nJIHTaMH 270 MM. ROB1(W npO BJIb-
HOH nJIBTW OXJIamAaIOTCJI BOAOH, 3TBM npeAOTBpaIJJ;aeTCJI nepeBYJIKaHBSa1(BJI peMBJI
H YJIyqmaeTcJI KalleCTBO B3AeJIBJI. Ha npecce OABOBpeMeBBO MOmBO BYJIKaBBSO-
BaTb AeCJlTb peMBeH npO HJIJI 50 X 22 AJIBHOH AO 4000 MM. Pa3MepW BYJIKaBHSa-
1(HOBBWX nJIBT 1000 X 600 X 40 MM.
Ha KpOHmTeHBaX, 3aRpenJIeBBWX Ba CTaBBBe, CMOBTBpOBaHW JIeBaJi H npaBaJi
KapeTKH, KamAaJl B3 KOTOpWX HMeeT DBAHBDAyaJIbBWi npHBOA npOAOJIbBOrO nepe-
Mem;eBBJI, COCTOJlIJJ;BH H3 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI, lIepBJllIBOrO peAyKTopa H lIepBJllIBOH
nepeAallH. R BHmBeH lIaCTH KapeTKH HenOABHmBO npHKpenJIeHa raHKa, KOTOpaJi
BMeCTe C KapeTKOH nepeMem;aeTCJI no BHHTY C YCTaHOBJIeBBOi Ba BeM SBeSAOllKOH
AJIJI 1(enBOH nepeAallH. f\JIJI OrpaBHlIeBHJI KpaHBero JIeBOrO B KpaiiBero npaBoro
nOJIOmeBHH KapeTOK Ba KpOBWTeHBax npecca yCTaBOBJIeBW 6eCKOBTaKTBwe KOllell-
Bble BWKJIIOlIaTeJIH. Ha JIeBOH KapeTKe CMOBTHpOBaB MexaBBSM nOAallH peMBJI Ba
nOCJIeAYIOm;HH yqacToK ByJIKaBH3aI(HB.
YnpaBJIeBDe npeCCOlrl ocym;eCTBJIJleTCJI OT AHCTPH6YTopa. npH BamaTHH KHonKH
«llYCK) ADCTpB6yTOp BKJIIOlIaeT rHApaBJIBlIeCKYIO ceTb BHSKoro AaBJIeBBJI (2 Mlla).
n pH 3TOM AaBJIeBHH nJIYBmep rBAPOI(HJIBBApa nOABBMaeTCJI AO CMWKaBHJI npO HJIb-
HOH nJIHTW C BepXHeH BYJIKaBHSa1(BOHBOH nJIBTOH. llpH COMKBYTWX nJIBTaX YCTa-
BOBJIeBBWH Ha CTaBHBe KOBellHWH BYRJIIOlIaTeJIb nOAaeT KOMaBAY AHCTPH6YTOPY
Ha BKJIIOlIeBBe rDApaBJlHlIeCKOH CHCTeMW BWCOKoro AaBJIeBHJI (10 Mna); npH 3TOM
AaBJIeBHH ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI BYJIKaBBSa JI npBBOABWX peMBeH. Hllme npHBep;eBa
TeXBBlIeCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa npecca Bn-160:
HOMHH8J1bBOe YCHnHe npecca, MH . . .
Pa6o'lce AaBneBDe, Mna .......
npOAomKHTenbBOOTh BynKaBHaa BD, MHB
aBJIeBDe, M na
BanJIHTaX ..........
napa B BarpeBU'eJIbBIilX nJIHTax . .
MaKCHMaJIbBoe YCHJIHe BaTJllKeBWI, KH
fa6apHTIW& paSMeplil, MM
AJIHBa
mHpHBa .............
BbiCOTa ..............
1,6
to
t2-48
2,66
0,6
50
3040
1520
2150
BYJIKaBH3aI(HJI OTAeJIbBWMH YlIaCTKaMB no AJIHBe BeBs6emHo npBBoAHT K no-
BTOpBOH BYJIKaBBSa1(BH (nepeBYJIKaBHSa JI peMBeH Ba CTWKax yqacTKOB), a 3TO
YXYAmaeT HX 3KCnJIyaTa1(HOBBwe CBOHCTBa. HBOCTpaBHwe HpMY mHpoKo npH-
MeBJlIOT BenpepwBBwe BYJIKaHBSaTopw H ABa parMeBHwe BYJIKaBHSaTopw, AJIJI
KOTOpblX He Tpe6yeTCJI 6HBTOBKa 6apa6aBBWX OpM.
14.4.3. HenpepblBHble BYJ1KaHH3aTopbl
f\JIJI YCTpaBeBHJI nepeBYJIKaBHSOBaBBWX yqacTKoB KJIBBOBWX peMBeH H nOBW-
meBDJI npOH3BOAHTeJIbBOCTH TpYAa npBMeBJlIOTCJI BenpepWBHwe BYJIKaBBSaTopbI.
B qCCp BwnYCKaIOTCJI TPH MOAeJIH BenpepWBBLIX BYJIKaBHSaTopOB.
M a JI a JI M 0 A e JI b AJIJI peMBeH AJIHBOH OT 600 AO 1200 MM C npO HJIJlMH
OT 10 X 7 AO 20 X 14. f\HaMeTp BYJIKaBBSaI(BOBBOro 6apa6aBa 150 MM, AJIBBa
343 MM. PeMBD BYJIKaBD3YIOTCJI OABOBpeMeBBO Ba ABYX 6apa6aBax, pacnOJIOmeB-
HWX Ba ABYX npOTHBOnOJIOmBWX CTopOHax BYJIKaBHSaTopa. {J)OPMYIOm;aJl JIeBTa
Bpam;aeTCJI OT 3JIeKTpOABHraTeJIJI MOm;BOCTbIO 1,1 KBT H BaTJlrHBaeTCJI npH nOMOIJJ;H
nBeBMOI(BJIHBApa npD AaBJIeBHH BO Ayxa 2,5 Mna. KpwmKa nOABBMaeTCJI npB
nOMOIJJ;B nBeBM01(HJIHBApa nOA AaBJIeBHeM 0,8 Mna. MOIJJ;BOCTb 8JIeKTpOo60rpeBa
JIeBTW 5 KBT. llpOH3BOAHTeJIbBOCTb BYJIKaBHSaTOpa 470 M 3a 8 11. ra6apBTw:
1500 X 1200 X 2000 MM.
505
C peA H JI JI M 0 A e JI b AJIJI peMBeB: AJIHBOB: OT 1000 AO 2000 MM C npo H-
JIJlMH OT 13 X 9 AO 20 x 14 MM. CBa6meBa lIeTWpbMJI 6apa6aBaMH. AuaMeTp 6apa-
6aBOB 230 MM, AJIUBa 243 MM. 060rpeB - napOBOB:, pacxoA napa 20 Kr/lI. lloA'&eM
KpwmKH - nBeBMaTH'leCKBB: npB AaBJIeBHH B03Ayxa 0,8 Mlla. HaTJlmeBHe JIeBTW
ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI npB nOMOm;H nBeBMOI(HJIHBApa AaBJIeBUeM BosAyxa 2 Mna. Mom;-
BOCTb npHBOAa SJIeKTpOABBraTeJIJI 2,2 KBT. 3JIeKTpOo6orpeB JIeBTW ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
BarpeBaTeJIJlMH MOm.BOCTbIO 5 KBT. npOHSBOAHTeJIbBOCTb BYJIKaBHSaTopa 1000 M
sa 8 11. ra6apHTw: 2000 X 1500 X 1800 MM.
E 0 JI b m a JI M 0 A e JI b AJIJI BYJIKaHHsaIUJH peMBeB: AJIHBOB: AO 20 000 MM
C npo uJIJlMH celleBHB: OT 10 X 7 AO 40 X 25. 3Ta MOAeJIb OTJIHlIaeTCJI OT npeAwAY-
m;UX TeM, lITO HMee'l npOMe;KYT01lBWe nOACTaBKH AJIJI nOMepmKH peMBeB:. Mom.-
BOCTb SJIeKTpOABJUaTeJIJI npHBOAa 6 !,BT. lloA'&eM KpwmKH - nBeBMaTHlIeCKHB:,
AaBJIeBUe BosAyxa 0,8 Mlla. HaTJlmeBHe JIeBTW ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI nHeBM01(HJIUBA-
pOM C AaBJIeBHeM BosAyxa 2 Mlla. Mom;BocTb SJIeKTpOo60rpeBa 5 KBT. llpOHSBO-
AHTeJIbBOCTb 800 M sa 8 11. ra6apHm: 1500 X 1700 X 2100 MM.
14.5. 060PY AOBAHHE Am H3rOTOBnEHHfI
3Y6L1A TblX KnHHOBblX PEMHEA
npH BapesaBuu sy6beB Ba BYJIKaBUSOBaBBwx peMBJlx AOJIrOBe'IBOCTb HX BOBW-
maeTCJI npHMepBo B 2 pasa no cpaBBeBHIO C I(eJIbBOnpO HJIbBYMH peMBJlMH. ,II.JIJI
BapeSaBUJI sy6beB Ba peMBJlX B BaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI npBMeBJlIOTCJI sy60BapesBwe
CT8BKB BeCKOJIbKB THnOB.
3
5
6
4
2
(=
j
Pac. t4.t6. CTaBOK ,pJl sapeaaBBJI ay61>&B sa KnBBOBbIX P&MlUIX:
1 - CTaRlllfa; 2 - npIlBOIl; 8 - KopoGKa DepeJta'l; 4 - BO)f(; - KapeTKa C BeJtyJItIIM mKlIBoM; (J - RaTRIRBOI
IIIKIIB.
BHHHPTMAlli paspa60TaJI KOBCTPYKI(DIO 3y6oBapeSBoro CTaBKa, Ba KOTOpOM
MOmBO BapesaTb Sy6bJl Ba KJIBBOBWX peMBJlX npaKTH'leCKB Bcex celleBHi. CTaROK
COCTOHT (pHC. 14.16) us CTaBHBW 1, npHBOAa 2, Kop06KD nepeAa'! 3, 06eCnellHBa-
IOm;eB: YCTaHOBKY Be06xOABl\fOrO mara Bape3KH sy6beB, BOmeBOB: onpaBKH C saKpe-
nJIeBHbIM Ba Hei HomOM 4, KapeTKH 5 C Be).\ym;uM mKBBOM, KapeTKH C BaTJlHCHbIM
mKHBOM 6. llIKHBw npeABaSBalleHbI AJIJI YCTaBOBKH Ba BUX o6pa6aTwBaeMoro pe)IHJI.
BaJI BeAym;ero mKHBa 5 nOJIyqaeT Bpam;eBHe OT BWXOAHoro BaJIa KOpO(KH
nepe,«all. RapeTKa BeAym;ero mKUBa MomeT nepeMem;aTbCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOIIJ,DM
CTallBHbl AJIJI yCTaBoBKH BymBOB: rJIy6uBw pe3a. RapeTKa HaTJlmBOrO mKHBa Tal-\ilU
50&
MomeT nepeMem.aTbCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm.HM CTaBHBW npH nOMom.H nBeBM01(HJIHHApa,
co06m,aJl pa601lee BaTJlmeBHe 06pa6aTwsaeMOMY peMBIO.
HapesaBHe sy6beB Ba CTaBl\e npOHSBOABTCJI Ba ABHmym;eMcJI peMBe. OTClIeT
KOJIHlIeCTBa sy6beB npOHSBOAHTCJI no YCTaHOBKe ClIeTlIHKa Ba 3aAaBBoe KOJIBlIe-
CTBO sy6beB. mar BapeSKH sy6ben perYJIBpyeTCJI. HHme npHBeAeBW TeXBB'leCKHe
xapaKTepHCTHKH sy60BapeSBWX CTaHI\OB ABYX KOBCTPYK1(HH:
CTaHOK <:TaHoK
PB3-tA BHHHPTMAm
548-7
AJIURa o6pa6aTLlBaeMLlx peMBeii.
MM . . . . . . . . . . . .
mUpUBa BapeaaeMblX peMBen, MM
qUCJIO peaOB B MlfBYTY
rJIy6uBa peaa, MM ...
War BapeaKU ay6a, MM .
800-1800
19; 25
100
3-8
14
750-3000
11-63
900
3,5-8
8: 10; 12; t4;
16; 18
ra6apHTHHe paaMepbl, AIM
JIBBa 1225 2530
mupuBa ...... 740 850
BLlCOTa . . . . . . . 1040 1240
14.6. 060PYAOBAHHE AJlfl H3MEPEHHfI H MAPKHPOBKH
KJlHHOBblX PEMHEA
HSMepeBHe KJIHBOBblX peMBeii npoHsBOAHTCJI Ba cne1(BaJIHSHpOBaBBwx CTaB-
Kax TBnOB HPR-1 B HPR-2. CTaBOI\ HPR-1 (pHC. 14.17) COCTOHT HS CTaBHBW 1,
OHmBero 2 H BepXBero 3 nOJISyBOB, Ba KOTOpWX YCTaHOBJIeBW HSMepHTeJIbOWe
mKHBW 4, rpysoBoro MexaBHSMa 5, MexaBHSMa 6 saMepa Mem1(eBTpOBoro paCCTOJl-
BBJI MemAY mKHBaMH H npHBOAa 7.
HSMepeoHe AJIHBW peMBJI npOHSBOAHTCJI nOA onpeAeJIeBBWM AJIJI KaatAOro
CelleBHJI peMBJI BaTJlmeOHeM. Ha CTaBl\e HPR-1 SaMepJlIOTCJI AJIBHbl peMBeii celle-
BHH 0, A, B, B, f H,l{ AJIHBOB: OT 500 AO 6500 MM. T01l00CTb saMepa AJIHBW peMBJI
no BBYTpeBBeii CTopooe :!::2 MM. AJIJI HSMepeBHJI AJIHBW peMeBft BaAeBaeTCJI Ba
HSMepHTeJIbBWe mKHBW COOTBeTCTBYIOm;ero npO HJIJI. llocJIe SToro Ba JIBBeiKe,
YKpenJIeBBOB: Ba CTaBHBe, onpeAeJIJleTCJI !>lem1(eBTpOBoe paCCTOJlBHe MemAY WKH-
BaMB, a no nepeBOABWM Ta6JIH1(aM - AJIHBa peMOJI H OTKJIOBeBJile AJIHBW peMOJl OT
BOMHBaJIa. TeXBB'leCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa CTaBKa HPR-1 npHBeAeBa BHme:
PaCCT01lBUe Mem.n;y u.cHTpaMu mKBBOB. MM
M31\CBM3JIbBOe . . . . . . . . . . . . 2500
MllIJHMaJIbBOe ............ 115
CKOpOOTb nO 'beMa BepxBero mKUBa, M/c 0.1
ra6apuTBLle paaMepbl, MY
AJIUBa . . 1720
mBpDBa . 900
BLlCOTa . 3905
CTaBOK HPR-2 npeABaSBalleB AJIJI HSMepeBHJI peMBeB: npO HJIeB: B, B, f,
A H E AJIHBOB: OT 3800 AO 12 000 MM. 3TOT CTaOOK OTJIHlIaeTCJI OT CTaBKa HPR-1
TeM, lITO Ba BHmBeB: H BepXBeB: TpaBepcax HMeeTCJI no ABa mKHBa, Ba KOTopwe
BaAeBaeTCJI peMeBb. mKHBW MorYT yCTaBaBJIHBaTbCJI Ba TpaBepcax no ropHseB-
TaJIH Ba ABe 6asw -1050 H 2600 MM. TeXBHlIeCKaH xapaKTepHCTHKa CTaBKa HPR-2
npHBeAeBa BmRe%
PaCCT01lBUe MeJRAY u.eBTpaMu mKBBOB (no
BepTHKaJIu), MM
MaKCHMaJIbBoe . . . . . . . . . . . . 2250
MHBBMaJIhBoe ............ 550
TO'lBOOTb aaMepa BBYTpeHBeii JIBBbl peM-
B1I, MM .... . . . . . . . . . . . . :t t
ra6apBTBLle paaMepLl, MM
J(JIHBa .
mBpBB8
BLlCOTa ........
.3445
. tSOO
.3640
5Q7
OCBOBBOH BeAOCTaTOK STHX CTaBKOB SaKJIIOlIaeTCJI B TOM, lITO AJIHBa peMBR
onpe1(eJIJleTCJI BHsyaJIbBO no JIBBeHKe, lITO npHBOAHT K SBallHTeJIbBblM omH6KaJol
npH onpeAeJIeBHH rpynDY peMBJI. Ha
MBorHX saBOAax BMeCTO pYJIeTKH Ba HS-
MepHTeJIbBblX CTaBKax yCTaBaBJIHBaIOT
cne1(HaJIbBblH npH60p, nOSBOJIJlIOm;JlH
TO'IBO onpeAeJIJlTb rpynny peMBJI.
06pesaBHe sayceB1(eB nOCJIe ByJIKa-
BHSa1(HH npOHSBOAHTCJI Ba CTaBKax, HMe-
IOm;HX Cne1(HaJIbBblH pemym;HH Mexa-
BHSM. Pemym;HH MexaBHSM npeACTaB-
JIJleT c060ii ABa BepTHKaJIbBblX AHCKOBblX
Boma, KOTopble YCTaBOBJIeBbl Ba BaJIy,
nOJIyqaIOm;eM Bpam,eBHe OT HBAHBHAyaJIb-
Boro :meKTponpHBOAa. K BepTHKaJIbBblM
AHCKOBWM BomaM npymHBaMJiI npHmHMa-
IOTCJI ABa mHpOKHX AHCKOBWX ropHSOB-
TaJIbBblX Boma. HomH BaCTpaHBaIOTCJI
Ba mHpHBY, COOTBeTCTBYIOm;YIO mHpHBe
CelleBHJI KJIHBOBOro peMBJI. llPH ABHme-
BHH peMBJI sayceB1(W nonaAaIOT nOA
KpOMKH Bpam;aIOm;HXCJI AHCKOBWX BomeH
H 06pesaIOTCJI. llOA06Bble pemym;He Me-
xaBHSMW YCTaBaBJIHBaIOTCJI B BaCTOJlm;ee
BpeMJI Ba HSMepHTeJIbBble CTaBKH.
MapKHpoBKa KJIHBOBWX peMBeii npo-
H3BOAHTCJI B np01(eCce BYJIKaBHSa1(HH
HJIH nellaTBWM cnoc060M.
HeKOTopwe HpMW flnOBHH, HTaJIHH
H {J)Pf AJIJI HSMepeBHJI peMBeH npHMe-
BJlIOT CTaBKH C aBTOMaTHlIeCKHM S8MepOM
AJIHBW H MapKHpOBKOii OTKJIOBeBHJI AJIHBW
7 peMBJI OT BOMHBaJIa.
llOJIyaBToMaTH'leCKHe CTaBKH AJIJI
HSMepeBHJI H MapKHpOBKH peMHeH JlBJIJI-
IOTCJI BaH60JIee YA06BWMH H TOllBWMH.
llpH pa60Te Ba 3'fHX CTaBKax TOllBOCTb
OTClIeTa AJIHBbl peMBJI Be saBHCHT OT HB-
AHBHAyaJIbBWX KalleCTB 06CJIymHBaIOm;ero
nepCOBaJIa. MapKHpoBKa ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI
CneI(HaJIbBblM mTaMnOM, BarpeTWM AO
110 cC. fOPJlllHH mTaMn npHmHMaeT cne-
D;HaJibBYIO JIeBTY K BepXBeMY OCBOBaBHIO
peMBJI, B pesyJIbTaTe lIero Ba nOBepXBOCTH peMBJI OTnellaTYBaeTCJI TeKCT MapKH-
pOBRH.
It
6
It
PBC. 14.t7. CTaBOK HPK-t ,ll;JJII B3MepeBB1I
KJIBBOBhlX peMBei:
1 - CTaRRRa; 2- RRIRRRIL DOJlSYR; 3 - BepX.llldt
DOJlSyII; 4 - R8MepllTeJlblfhle mKHBIII; 5 - rpY80BOIL
lIexaRR811; 6 - lIexaRR811 811Mepa lIelRlIelITpOBoro
paCCTORRuR; '1 - npBBOIl.
r 11 A B A 15
060PY AOBAHHE npOH3BO.D.CTBA OJOPMOBblX
H HEOJOPMOBblX PE3HHOBbiX TEXHHYECKHX H3.D.EnHIll
B cOBpeMeBBwx MamHBax, annapaTax H npH60pax npHMeBJlIOTCJI pasBoo6pas-
Bble pesBBoBwe AeTaJIH, KOTopwe B npOMWmJIeBBOCTH BaSWBaIOT pesHBoBwMH TeXBH-
lIeCKHMH HSAeJIHJlMH (PTH). llo cnoc06y HSrOTOBJIeBHJI aTH HSAeJIHJI pasAeJIJlIOTCJI
sa 4>opMoBwe H Be opMoBwe. {J)0PMOBOH cnoc06 npOHSBOACTBa HMeeT PJlA npeHMy-
m;eCTB no cpaBBeBHIO C Be opMoBWM. B lIaCTBOCTH, OpMOBWM MeTOAOM MomBO
BsrOTOBHTb H3AeJIHJI CJIOmBOH KOB Hrypa1(HH, C BWCOKOH nJIOTBOCTbIO H 60JIbmOH
TOllBOCTbIO pasMepoB. KpoMe Toro, OpMOBWM cnoc060M MomBO nOJIyqHTb KOM6HBH-
pOBaBBwe pesimoMeTaJIJIHlIeCKHe HSAeJIHJI. OABaKo Be opMoBOH cnoc06 npOHS-
BOp;CTBa npom;e no annapaTYPBoMy O OpMJIeBHIO H JIene peaJIHsyeTcJI npH opraBH-
Sa1(HH BenpepWBBoro np01(eCca npOHSBOACTBa.
15.1. 060PYAOBAHHE AMI npOH3BOACTBA
OIOPMOBblX H3AEnHA
K OCBOBBWM onepa1(HJlM npOI(eCca HSrOTOBJIeBHJI OpMOBblX HSAeJIHH OTBO-
CJlTCJI npBrOTOBJIeBHe H AOSHpOBaBHe pesHBoBoH CMeCH, saKpaHBaBHe sarOTOBOK
nOArOTOBKa MeTaJIJIH eCKOH apMaTYpw (AJIJI KOM6HBHpoBaBBblx HSAeJIHH), BYJIKaBH-
Sa1(HJI H OTAeJIKa. COOTBeTCTBeBBo paSJIH'lalOT 060pYAoBaBHe AJIJI sarOTOBHT JIbBWX
onepa1(Hi, BYJIKaBHSaI(HH H OTAeJIKH HSAeJIHH.
B nOCJIeABee BpeMJI opMoBaBHe H BYJIKaBHSaI(HIO HSAeJIHH B npOCTWX BYJIKa-
BHSa1(HOBBWX npeccax Bce lIam;e SaMeBJlIOT np01(eCCOM JIHTbJl nOA AaBJIeBHeM,
BWnOJIBReMblM Ba Cne1(HaJIbBblX JIHTbeBblX npeccax HJIH JIHTbeBWX MamHBax. II pH
aTOM SBallHTeJIbBO ynpom;aeTCJI TeXBOJIOrHJI npOH3BOACTBa, COKpam;aeTCJI lIHCJIO
Onepa1(HH H nOB,wmaeTCJI 3KOBOMHlIeCKaJl a eKTHBBOCTb npOHSBOAcTBa. Ha Bcex
CTpOJlm;HXCJI saBoAax PTH AO 60% Bcex OpMOBWX HSAeJIHH 6YAYT nOJIyqaTb MeTO-
AOM JIHTbJl nOA AaBJIeBHeM. OnHcaBHe JIHTbeBWX MamHB npHBOAHTCJI B rJI. 16.
15.1.1. 06oPYAoBaHHe AnJ:j 3arOTOBHTenbHblX onepaqHH
npH H3rOTOBneHHH pe3HHOBblX H3AenHH
llpH HsrOTOBJIeBHH peSBBOBblX HSAeJIHH sarOTOBKH MorYT 6WTb nOJIYlleBbl
mnpH1(eBaBHeM HJIH KaJIaBAPOBaBHeM. Ao nOCJIeABerO BpeMeBH nHTaBHe lIepBJllI-
BbIX MamHB H KaJIaBAPOB npOBSBOAHJIOCb C nOAorpeBaTeJIbBWX BaJIb1(OB, pacnOJIO-
meBBblX BenocpeACTBeBBO y aTHX MamBB. lloAorpeBaTeJIbBbIe BaJIb1(W onHcaBW
B rJI. 3. B BaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI Bce lIam;e npHMeBJlIOTCJI lIepBJI'IHble MamHBW XOJIO -
Boro nHTaBHJI.
mUpH1(eBaBHe sarOTOBOK paSJIHlIBOH KOB4>HrypaI(BB npOHSBOAHTCJI Ba lIepBRlI-
BblX MaIDBBax MqX-32, -63, -90, -125 HJIH B CTapWX npOHSBOACTBax - Ba MQT-32,
-63, -90, -125. K OABOllepBJllIBWM MamHBaM MQX-63, MQX-90 H MQX-125 HC-
nOJIbSYeTCJI nHTaTeJIb 249001 KOBCTpyKI(BB BHHHPTMAID, HMeIOm;HH nBeBMa-
58&
TH1IeCKHB: npBBOA If BblnYCKaeMWB: MamBBOCTpOHTeJIbBWM saBOAoM HM. KpaCHBa
(KOCTpOMa). TeXBHlIeCKaJl XapaKTepHCTBKa 3Toro nHTaTeJIJI npBB01(HTCJI BHme:
npOHaBO BTeJlbBOCTb, Kr/q
PaaMep JleBTLl, MM
mHpHBa .......
TOJl BBa . . . . . . .
.l{aBJleBHe CmaTOrO B08JO'Xa,
fa6apJlTDUe paaMepLl, MM
JlHBa
mHpHBa ......
BLlCOTa . . . . . . .
. . .
MIla
600
300
. 5-10
. 0,4-0,6
1325
810
1680
nOJIyqeHoaJl C lIepBJI'IBOB: MamHOW HenpepblBBaJi SarOTOBKa B BHAe mBypa paSJIB'I-
HOB: TOJIm;HBW B JIeHTa C Ka.1HIJIApa pemyTCJI Ba OTAeJIbBWe SaX:0TOBKIf BY)KBblX
MaCCbl H paSMepa.
JIJI peSKH SarOTOBOK pa3J1H'IBbIX HSAeJIHB:, BWnYCKaeMWX B 60JIbmHX KOJIH'le-
CTBaX, COSAaHW CneI(HaJIbBWe CTaHKIf. HanpHMep, AJIJI OTpeSaBBJI KOJIbI(eBbIX H
maB:6006paSBWX SarOTOBOK peamfOBblX ynJIOTBeBHB: HS BenpepWBBO nOAaBaeMOB:
Tpy6KH (mryTa) BWnYCKaeTCH nOJIyaBToMaT 214004. mar nOAallH Tpy6KH lIeTblpbMJI
BaJIHKaMH perYJIHpyeTcJI OT 2,5 AO 20 MM C TOllBOCTbIO :t:2%. 3aroToBKa OTpe-
SaeTCJI lIeTWpbMJI AHCKaMH AHaMeTpOM 350 MM, Bpam;aIOm;BMBCJI C lIaCTOTOB: AO
3500 06/MBB. lloAalla pemym;HX AJICKOB npOHSBOAHTCJI 6JIOKOM mDBBAeJIeB: OT SJIeK-
TpOABHraTeJIJI. Pemym;:o:e AHCKH npHBOAJlTCJI B ABBmeBHe OT npBBOAa lIepes KJIIIHO-
peMeBBYIO nepeAa'lY,
CTaBoK HMeeT OXJIamAaIOm;ee YCTpOB:CTBO, KOTopoe nOAaeT BOAY AJIJI OXJIamAe-
BHJI AHCKOB H CMallHBaHHJI MeCTa paspeaaB1lJl peSBBW. fOToBwe OTpesaBHble saro-
TOBKH oT6HpaIOTCJI TpaHcnopTepoM, npHBOA KOToporo ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI OT 6JIOKa
mnHBAeJIeH.
Ha pBC. 15.1 nOKasaBa cxeMa APyroro CTaBKa ]J;JIJI peSKH sarOTOBOK paSJIHlI-
Boro npO HJIJI AJIHBOB: AO 120 MM. CTaBOK COCTOHT HS CnapBOB: paMbl 9, pe)l(ym;eH
rOJlOBKH C ABCKOBWM HomOM 3, nOABBmBOB: KapeTKH 4, nO]J;aIOID.erO MexaBHSMa 7,
npHeMBoro 6YHKepa 5, KJIBBOpeMeBBblX nepeAall 11 H 10 COOTBeTCTBeOBO K pemy-
eMY AHCKOBOMy Bomy 3 H KapeTKe 4. Pemym;aJl rOJIOBKa CMOBTHpOBaBa Ba CTOJIe
CTaBKa. lloABHmBaJi KapeTKa 4 C nOAaIOm;BMH pOJIBKaMH pacnOJIOmeBa BaA CTOJIOM
CTaBKa H CMOBTHpOBaBa Ba ABYX m;eKax 6, KOTopwe BO BpeMJI pa60m nepeMem;a-
IOTCJI no BanpaBJIJlIOm;HM CKaJIKaM 8. BOSBpaTBO-nocTynaTeJIbBOe ABHmeBHe Ka-
peTKH ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI npH nOMOm;:o: maTYBBO-KpHBomHDBoro MexaBHSMa 7. lloAa-
IOm;BH MexaBBSM COCTOHT BS peryJIHpOBOllBoro BHBTa C PYKOJlTKOH H meCTepOH-
xpanOBHKa. AJIJI CMaSKH B OXJIaiRAeBHJI AIfCKOBoro Boma BO BpeMJI pa60m nO]J;-
BOABTCJI XOJIOABaJi BOAa. BBYTPH paMW BMOBTHpOBaB npBeMBwB 6yBKep 5 AJIJI
c60pa sarOTOBOK H OTBOAa oXJIamAaIOm;eB: BOAY.
CTaBOK yCTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI B arperaTe C lIepBJI'IBblMH MamBBaMH sa OT60pOllHblM
TpaBcnopTepOM. CTaBoK xapaKTepHsyeTcJI CJIeAYIOm;BMH AaBBWMH:
Pa3Mep aarOTOBOR, MM
JlHBa aarOTOBOR, MM ....
,nuaMeTp aarOTOBOR, MM
qHCJlO peaOB B 1 MHB ......
qacToTa Bpa eBHJI Boma, o6/MHB
MO BocTb aJleRTpO HraTeJlJl, RBT
. t20
. 60
.60
. t250
1
JIJI BWpeSaBBJI sarOTOBOK HS KaJIaBAPOBaBBOB: pesHBw OTelleCTBeBBOB: IIpO-
MWIIIJIeBBOCTbIO BwnycKaIOTcJI BomH, BanpBMep, AHcKoBwe (B-0203), a TaKme Bbl-
py6Bwe npeccw (llBf-8-2-0, llBf-18-2-0, HPO-4830), onHcaBBwe B rJI. 8.
B sapy6emBOB: npaKTBKe npB peSKe sarOTOBOK AJIJI SanOJIBeBHJI npecc- pM
Ba9JIIOAaeTCJI TeBAeBI(IfJl Be TOJIbKO K aBTOMaTHsaI(HH STOB: onepaI(HH, BO H K Tm;a-
TeJIbBOMY C06JIIOAeBBIO paSMepOB B MaKCHMaJIbHOMY npH6JIBmeBHIO sarOTOBKH no
5t0
Macce H 90pMe K BSAeJIJiIIO. B pesynbTaTe SBallHTeJIbBO YMeBbmaIOTCJI BWnpeCCOBKH.
,AJIJI peSKH CJIomuwx IiI KpynHblx sarOTOBOK sa py6emoM npBMeBJlIOTCJI CneI(HaJIb-
BIiIe MamBBW.
B CIDA AJIJI peSKH sarOTOBOK npHMeBJleTCJI aBTOMaTB'leCKaJl peSaTeJIbBaJl
MamBBa 4»HPMW «fYAMaB aBA caB.. Ha aTOH MamBBe ocym;ecTBJIJleTCJI BenpepUBHaJi
peSKa sarOTOBOK 1(HaMeTpOM AO 150 MM. lIs lIepBJI'lBOH MamHBbl peSHHOBaJi CMeCb
nOCTYBaeT B OXJIamAaIOm;yIO BaBBY, a saTeM Ba peSaTeJIbBYIO MamHBy, cBa6meB-
BYIO AHeKOBWM KallaIOm;HMCR BomOM, pa60TaIOIU,HM OT BBAHBHAYaJIbBOrO npHBOAa.
CKopoeTb nOAa'IH perYJIHpyeTcJI B npeAeJIaX OT 0,6 AO 18,3 M/MBB.
11
8
9
10
PBc.1t5.t. ABToHaT AJII! peaKIl 3arOTOBOK S3 cRpoi peaRS":
I - BJleK1'p&,ltBlD'a_; I - CTOJJ; a - I1BCKOBhIiI Bom; 4 - KapeTKa; $ - DpBellRhril' GyHKep; 6 - IQeKB;
., - Kp'lIBollDDDlo-ma1'J1llWll MeX81f118M; 8 - CKaJIKa; 9 - paMa; 10 - KmIIIOpeMeRRIIR DepeIla'la npIlBOIlII-
K8J)eTKB; 11 - IUDIJIOpeMeURaJI Depcaa'18 npBBOIIa pemymero Roma; 12 - lIeDHalf DepeIlaU DplDloAa KapeTKB.
ABTOMaTHlIeCKYIO !\famHBY 60JIbmOH npOHSBOAHTeJIbBOCTH aBaJIorJI'IBoi KOB-
CTpyKI(BH BblnYCKaeT HpMa «MHTC aBA MePPHJI» (CIDA).
AJlJI peSKH sarOTOBOK HpMOH ((MaKc MIOJIJIep) ({J)Pf) Bwnym;eB 6WCTPOXOA-
BWH C'l'aBOK «,ABBaMBT-SO). OB YCTaBaBJIHBaeTCJI BnJIOTByIO K lIepBJl'lBOH MamUBe.
Pa601leH lIaCTbIO CTaBKa JlBJIJleTCJI Bom; BMeIOm;HH MaXOBHK H COBepmaIOm;BB OT
135 AO 1000 peSOB/MD. KOJIH'leCTBO peSOB COrJIaCOBaBO co CKOpOCTbIO BWXO,J;a
CMeCH HS lIepBJllIBOH MamHBW. CnBOK pa60TaeT C TOllBOCTbIO AO 1 % OT AJIHBW OTpe-
saeMoB sarOTOBKH. Ha aTOM CTaBKe MomBO paspesaTb TaKme H BYJIKaHH30BaBBwe
HSAeJIHJI.
lIMeIOTCJI MamHHbl AJIJI peSKH mnpBI(OBaBBOH peSHBW C 8JIeK1'pOBBWM perYJIH-
pyIOm;BM YCTPOHCTBOM.
llpH HsrOTOBJIeBHH peSBBOTKaBeBWX OpMOBWX HSAeJIHH npHMeBRIOT OeBOB-
BOM TO me o60pYAOBaBHe, lITO H 1(U pesBBOBWX HSAeJIHB:.
5it
15.1.2. 06oPYAOBaHHe Am:j sarOTOBHTenbHblX onepaqHH
npH H3rOTOBneHHH pe3HHoMeTannH ecKHx H3AenHH
Cym;eCTByeT TPH cnoc06a nOArOTOBKH nOBepXHOCTH MeTaJIJIHlIeCKOH apMaTYpw,
06eCnellHBaIOm;ne npOllBOe coeAHBeBBe peSHBW C MeTaJIJIOM: JIaTyHHpOBaBHe, oc-
aTHpoBaHDe B nOKpWTHe KJIeeM. B HaCTOJlm;ee BpeMJI lIam;e nOJIbSYIOTCJI TpeTbHM
cnoc060M, XOTJI H nepBwe ABa cnoc06a BaXOAJlT illHpOKoe npHMeHeBHe B npOMblm-
JIeHHOCTH.
BOJUYX
f f J
If
5
6
7
Pac. 15.2. CxeMa IIReBMaTll'leCKOB .u;P0600TpyiBoi YCTaBOBKB B Y-33:
1 - CODJIOBIIJI roJlOBKa; !1 - cenapaTOp; 3 - B08.11ymRhIA: Ij)UJlbTP; 4 - DepeDYCKHolt KJlaDaR; 5 - MaHOMeTp;
,6 - DllTaTeJlbRhIA: KJlaDa.a; 'I - lIBJ<JlOR; 8 - I1Balj)pal'MeRRhilt MaDaR; 9 - I1POccem.; 10 - BellTBJIb I1J11f BDY-
cka B08I1yxa; 1,1 - IIRJI<BBIt GyJlKep; 12 - RameTaTeJlbRhIA: PYKaB; 18 - oreaChiBalOllIult PYRaB; 14 - KpaR
yopaBJIeRIIJI; 1 - 3lRellTOp; 16 - BaKyyYMe-rp.
060PYAOBaHHe AJIJI O'lHCTKB MeT8JIm111eeKOii apMaTYPbI. HeSaBHCHMO OT TOrO,
KaKOH MeTOA nOArOTOBKH MeTaJIJIH'leCKOH apMaTYPbI npHMeHJleTCJI, BCJI OBa AOJI)I{Ha
6WTb npeABapHTeJIbBO Tm;aTeJIbBO 01lHm;eBa OT OKaJIIfHW, OKHCJIOB MeTaJIJIa H sa-
rpJlSBeBHH. qam;e Bcero AJIJI SToro npHMeBJlIOTCJI AP06eCTpyBBWe YCTaHOBKH
BAY-32M H BAY-33 HJIH AP06eMeTBble YCTaHOBKH.
CxeMa YCTaBOBKH B,AY-33 AJIJI AP06ecTPYHBOH 6eCnblJIbBOH 01lBCTKH OT OKa-
JIHBbl H pmaBlIHHbl MeTaJIJIH'leCKHX AeTaJIeH nOKasaHa Ba pnc. 15.2. Y CTaBOBKa
cHa6meBa KaTKaMH H MomeT nepeABHraTbCJI no I(exy. Pa60Ta yCTaBoBKH npOHC-
XOAHT CJIeAYIOm;BM 06pasoM. COnJIOBYIO rOJIOBKY 1 BaKJIaAblBaIOT Ba nOAJIemam;yIO
01lHCTKe nOBepxBocTb. llOA AaBJIeHHeM B rOJIOBKY no PYKaBY 12 HS nHTaTeJIbBOrO
KJIanaHa 6 nOAaeTCJI BosAymBo-a6pasHBBaH CMeCb. B KalleCTBe a6paSHBBoro MaTe-
pHaJIa npHMeBJleTCJI Me'raJIJIB'leCKHH nopomOK (<<Ap06M» C lIaCTHI(aMH paSMepOM OT 0,5
)1;0 1 MM. KOJIH'leCTBO nOAaBaeMoro a6pa3HBa perYJIHPyeTCJI. A6paSHB, YAapJlJlCb
06 06pa6aTWBaeMYIO nOBepxBocTb C 60JIbmOH CKOpOCTblO, 01lHm;aeT ee. qaCTHI(bl
pmaB1IHBLI H OKaJIJlHbl BMeCTe C a6pasHBoM OTcaCblBaIOTCJI no pyKaBY 13 sa ClIeT
5t2
paspemeB1lJl, COSAaBaeMOrO ameKTopOM 15, H nOAaIOTCJI B cenapaTop 2. 3aTeM
OTCaCYBaeMaJi CMeCb npOXOABT I(BKJIOB 7, a TJlmeJIWe lIaCTHI(Y OTBOCJlTCJI K
CTeBKe H CKaTWBaIOTCJI B 6yuKep 11. CTeBKH I(BKJIOBa BsyTpB 06JIOmeBW peSBBOB:.
OTpa60TaBHbli BOSAYX BM8CTe C nWJIbIO, npOB:AJI I(BKJIOB 7, rAe OB 01lHm;aeTCJI OT
KpyDBLIX "IIaCTHI( nWJIH H HSMeJIblleBBOrO a6pasHBa, nOCTyBaeT B BOSAYJIIBYB:
HJIbTp 3. 3.u;ecb BOSAYX OKOB'laTeJIbBO 01lHm;aeTCJI OT nWJIJI H saTeM Bw6pacWBaeTCJI
B aTMo epy.
llpHB01(BM KpaTKyIO TeXBH'lecKylO xapaKTepBCTBKy YCTaBOBOK BAY-32M
H B,AY-33:
noaMeTp ,ll;p068CTpyiiBoro CODJIa, MK . .
Macca CODJIoBoi rOJIOBKB, Kr .....
I1pOB8BO,II;IITeJILHOCTh YCTaHOBI(II, ).(11'1
8BJJeBBe cmaToro Bos,II;yxa, MIla
E)(l(ocTh pa6oqero 6YHKepa, JI . .
Pacxo,ll; c»<aToro Bos.u;yxa, H 3 /q .
Macca .u;p06B, sacliloaeKoit B YCTaHOB-
I(Y, Kr . . . . . . . .
ra6apltTJllile pasKeplil, MK
p;JIlDla .
JDBpBB/1
BIilCOTa .......
Macca. I(r .......
B,t1Y-82M
7
2.5
t-9
5-7
40
400
100
H85
tooo
2000
246
B,t1V-8a
5,5
2.5
t-6
5-7
to
300
30
740
600
HOO
too
,Au O'IHCTKH AeTaJIeB: npBMeBJlIOTCJI TaKme annapaTw, B KOTOpWX a6pasHBDblM
aiaTepHaJIOM CJIymaT CTeKJIJlBBble mapHKH HJIH OpeXOBaJI CKOpJIyna.
llpeABapHTeJIbBaJi 01lHCTKa AeTaJIeB: OT mHpa nepeA JIaTYR1IPoBameM HJIJI
npOMaSKOB: KJIeeM npoHsBoABTCJI nYTeM 06pa60TKH HX m;eJIOllbIO B npoMwBKH B ropJl-
lIeB: H XOJIoAIIOB: BOAe. 01lHCTKa MeTaJIJIH'leCKHX AeTaJIeB: yCKopJleTcJI B yJIbTpa-
SByKOBWX BaBBax C BOAHblMH paCTBOpaMH m;eJIolleB: H nOBepxBocTBO-aKTHBHblX
Bem;eCTB. ,HCTOllBBKOM YJIbTpasByKoBwX KOJIe6aBHii CJIymaT MarBllTOCTpBKI(BOBBWe
npeMpa30BaTeJIH. B SBYKOHSOJIJlI(IfOBBOM Komyxe yCTaBOBJIeB MarBHTOCTpHKI(HOB-
BYii npe06paSOBaTeJIb. MOIOm;aJl mHAKocTb BaJIHBaeTCJI B BaBBY, B KOTOpoi BMeeTCJI
3MeeBBK. RopsBBa C AeTaJIJIMH nOABemHBaeTCJI B BaBBe npH nOMom;:o: 8JIeK'PpOTeJIb-
pa, 3aKpWBaeTCJI KpYmKOB:, B BaBBa BKJIIOlIaeTCJI B pa60 y. OBa 060pYP;OBaHa
60pTOBbIM OTCOCOM, KOTOpYi nO JIIOlIaeTCJI K CHCTeMe MeCTBOB: BWTJlmBOB: BeB-
THJIJlI(HH.
YJIbTpaSBYKOBwe BaBBY lIempex THnOB BwnycKaIOTCJI TaJIJIBBCKBM OPAeBa
Tpy1(OBoro RpaCBoro 3BaMeBH MamllHOCTpOHTeJIbHblM saBOAOM. 3TH BaBBW xapaK-
TepHSytOTCJI CJIeAYIOm;HMH AaBBWMH:
TBD BaHHhI
V3B-15M Y3B-16M V3B-17M VSB-18M
qBCJlO npeo6paaoBaTeJlei THoa
I1MC-6M . . . . . . 1 2 3 4
qBCJlO BaBB, OHTaeKIiIX OT O,ll,lloro
reHepaTopa t
Tuna Y3r-2,5
TBDa Y3r-tOM 4 2 t t
Tuna Y3r-tOY 4 2 t t
Pa6o'laJl eMKOCTh BaJDIJiI, JI 42 82 t28 t63
Pacxo,ll;, M 3 /q
BO,ll;lil 1J.1UI OXJIamp;ellIDl BaJDIJiI . . 6 8 9 to
BOS,II;yxa B CBCTeMe BLlTJlauJoi
BeBTB BB . . . . 350 750 950 t300
ra6apBTBlile pasKeplil, KK 720 900 t390 t700
,ll;JIBBa . . .
mapBBa 655 752 872 872
BIilCOTa 970 970 965 965
Macca. Kr . 125 198 246 306
33 3aKaa 168 5t3
060PYAoB8BBe AJIJI Jl8T)'B11poB8BBJI MeT8JL1DI1IeeKBX AeT8JIeii. llpH coeADBeBHH
peSBBW C MeTaJIJIOM lIepes JIaTYBByIO npOCJIOiKY Ba nOBepXBOCTb AeTaJIeH BaBO-
CHTCJI TOBKBH CJIOH JIaTYBB (70-75% MeAD H 25-30% I(BHKa). llpoI(ecc JIaTYBHpo-
BaBBJI npOBSBOABTCJI B 3JIeKTpOJIHTHlIeCKHX BaBBax, OB nOAP06BO ODBCaB B cne-
I(BaJIbBOH JIHTepaTYpe. llBTaBHe BaBB 3JIeKTpB'leCKBM TOKOM oCym;eCTBJIJleTCJI
OT AlIHaMo-MamBBW nOCTOJIBBOrO TOKa BanpJlmeBHeM 2-6 B HJIH OT BWnpJlMHTeJIb-
HblX yCTaBOBOK nepeMeBBoro TOKa. llpBMeBeBHe B npOI(eCce JIaTYBBpOBaBHJI
yJIbTpaSBYKa YCKOpJleT npOI(eCC JIaTYR1IPOBaB1lJl.
ABTOMaTH'leCKaJl nOABeCO'IBaJi JlllllBJI JIaTyBHpOBaBHJI CTaJIbHblX AeTaJIeH
AfJl-155 (BBAeKc 10307) BwnycKaeTCJI TaM60BCKBM MeXaBB'leCKBM saBOAOM. llpo-
HSBOADTeJIbBOCTb JIBBHH 18M"/1I;
o
m;DJIa nOKpWTBJl1,7 MKM. Ra)KAYe 8,7-9 MIIB
C JIBBHH BblXOABT OAlla nOABeCKa.
Y CTaBOBKa HBAJI-2 1(JIJI JIaTyBHpOBaBBJI MeTaJIJIB'leCKHX KOJIeI( C npBMeBe-
BHeM YJIbTpaSBYKa paSpa60TaBa BopOBemCKBM
BJIHaJIOM HHHPll.
06oPYAoBaBHe AJIJI 4»o.TBPOB8BBJI MeTaJIJlll'leeKBX AeTaJIeii. llpH 3TOM MeTOAe
MeTaJIJIH'leCKHe AeTaJIJl, 06esmHpeBHble H npOMwme B BaBBax C BOABYM paCTBOpOM
m;eJIOllH, CJIa6WM paCTBopOM COJIJlBOH KHCJIOTW H rOpJl'leH BOAOH, nocTynaIOT
B BaRBy AJIJI
aTBpOBaBHJI, cOAepmam;yIO paCTBOp MOBo
c
aTa I(BHRa H BBT-
paTa BaTpHJI. AeTaJIH BWAepmniuOT' B' BeH 5 MBB npB 60-70 °C, saTeM npoMY-
BaIOT, cywaT H nOKpYBaIOT peSI1B(UtJ>IM KJIeeM TBna
aH-1 MeTOAOM OKyBaBHJI.
O6oPYAoB8BBe AJIJI DOKIUoITB& AeT8JIei JmeeM.B CJIyqae, eCJIH HSAeJIHJI Bwnyc-
KaIOTCJI B Be60JIbWHX KOJIB'leCTBaX, AeTaJIb nOKpWBaIOT KJIeeM npH nOMOm;:o: KHCTH,
npH MaCCOBOM npOHSBOACTBe - MeTOAOM OKyBaB1lJl HJIH Ba CTaBKaX BYTeM nYJIb-
BepHSaI(IfH HJIH npOMaSKH. TaKHe CTaBKH BwnycKaIOTcJlsaBOAOM «RysnOJIBMepMaW).
.AJIJI nOKpWTHJI apMaTypw KJIeeM MeT01(OM norpymeBHJI HCnOJIbsyeTcJI CneI(H-
aJlbBaJl YCTaBOBKa (BBAeKc 522171). Ee npOHSBOABTeJIbBOCTb OT 225 AO 1420 AeTa-
JIeH/lI. Ha yCTaBOBKe BMeeTCJI 50 nOABeOOK AJIJI apMaTYpw e marOM MemAY' BHMB
400 MM. CKOPOCTb ABBmeBHJI nOABeCOK - OT 0,394 AO 2,361 M/MBB. MOm;BOCTb
YCTaBOBJIeBBOrO 3JIeKTpo060pYAoBaBHJI 3,8 KBT. ra6apHTBWe pa3Mepw: 12760 X
X 15500 X 2280 MM.
.AJIJI npoMasKH apMaTYpw KJIeeM npH nOMOm;:o: KHCTei BwnycKaeTCJI nOJIyaBTo-
MaTH'iecKaJl yCTaBoBKa (BBAeKc 104.71) npOHSBOAHTeJIbBOCTbIO 500-1000 WT/lI.
MOm;BoCTb 8JIeKTpo06opYAoBaBHJl1,1 KBT. ra6apHTBWe pasMepw: 2000 X 1660 X
X 1720 MM.
15.2. 060PY AOBAHHE AMI npOH3BOACTBA
HEOIOPMOBblX H3AEnHA
mnpHI(oBaBBwe H3AeJIHJI - msypw, Tpy6KH,
nrypBwe npO
HJIH HarOTaBJIH-
BaIOT Ba lIepBJllIBWX MaWHBax TeI1JIOrO B XOJI01(Boro DBTaBHJI. BYJIKaBHSaI(BJr
TaRHX HSAeJIHH npOHSBOADTCJI B KOTJIaX, aBTOKJIaBaX H npeccax. B nOCJIeABee
BpeMJI npoI(eccw BwnycKa H BYJIKaBHsaI(HH WnpHI(oBaBHblX Be
pMoBwX HSAeJIBH
06'1>eADBeBW B OAIIOM arperaTe, B COCTaB KOToporo BXOAJlT CneI(HaJIbHble YCTaBOBKH
AJIJI ByJIKaBHsaI(BH B paCnJIaBaX COJIeH, B nceBAoomHmeBBOM c1I0e H MBKPOBOJIBO-
BOM nOJIe. OnHcaBHe 8TBX yCTaBoBoK npBBOADTCa B c3eAYIOm;eM paSAeJIe.
IIsAeJIHJI BS KaJIaBAPOBaBBoH peSBBW, Te'tBMecKHe nJIaCTBBY paSJIH'lBOH
TOJIm;HBW H cAy6JIBpOBaBBbIe C npopesHBeBBoH TKaBbIO nJIacTBBY HSrOTaBJIHBa-
IOTCJI (Bwpy6aIOTcJI HJIJI BwpeSaIOTCJI) Ba TOM me sarOTOBHTeJIbBOM 060pYAOBaBBH,
'!TO B
opMOBwe HSAeJIHJI. BYJIKaBHSaI(BJI T&KHX HSAeJIHB: npOHSBOADTCJI B KOTJIaX
H npeccax. ..
HSAeJIJlJl, COCTOJlm;He HS BeCKOJIbKHX AeTaJIeH, BwnYCKaeMWX WnpHI(eBaBHeM
BJIH KaJIaBAPOBaFHeM, CKJIeHBaIOTCJI B CWPOM BUAe B BYJI1<aBBSYIOTCJI B npeccax.
B peSHBOBOH npOMYmJIeBBOCTH 3KCnJIyatBpyeTcJI 60JIbiu6e KOJIB'leCTBO Mexa_
BHSMOB, COSAaBHblX BenOCpe1(CTBeBBO Ba aaBOAax PTH 1(JIJI peItIeBHJI pasBo06pas_
5f4
HblX lIaCTHblX saAall no MexaBHsa
H sarOTOBHTeJIbBblX H OTAeJIOllBblX onepaI(HH.
HanpBMep, AJIJI IISrOTOBJIeBHJI BHKeJIeH HS BaMOTaBBOH Ba 6apa6aB TeXBB'leCKOH
nJIaCTlIHW B AJIJI SaKaTKH ee B npOKJIaAO'IByIO TKaBb npHMeRJIIOT BHKeJIeBO'IBWH
'CTaBOK. PeSKY BYJIKaBBSOBaBBWX BBKeJIeH npOHSBOAJlT Ba TOKapBblX CTaBKax
'Ha OTAeJIbBble KOJIbI(a Tpe6yeMblx pasMepOB.
15.3. BynKAHH3ALI,HOHHOE 060PYAQBAHHE
AMI OIOPMOBblX H HEOIOPMOBblX H3AEnHA
AJIJI BYJIKaBHSaI(HH
OpMOBblX H He
opMoBWX peSHBOBblX B peSBBOMeTaJIJIB-
'leCKBX TeXBHlIeCKHX HSAeJIHH npBMeBJlIOTCJI BYJIKaBHSaI(BOBBWe KOTJIW, aBTOKJIaB-
'npeccw, npeCCbl paSJIB'lBOH KOBCTPYKI(BB, BaBHbl C mBAKoH cpeAoH, BOSAYillBwe
EaMepw, 6apa6aBBwe TYBBeJIbHWe BYJIKaBHSaTopbl, a TaKme yCTaBoBKH AJIJI ByJIKa-
HHsaI(BB BB
paKpacBwMB JIyqaMH H B nceBAoomHmeBBOM CJIoe.
COBpeMeBBoe 060PYAoBaBHe nOSBOJIJleT ocym;eCTBJIJlTb KaK nepHoAB'leCKHH,
TaK H BenpepblBBwH npOI(eCC BYJIKaBHSaI(HH.
15.3.1. BynKaHHsaqHoHHble KOTnbl
BYJIKaB1ISaI(HOBHWe KOTJIW npHMeBJlIOTCJI AJIJI BYJIKaBHsaI(1m peSHBOBblX
'TeXBHlIeCKHX HSAeJIBH illHpOKoro accopTHMeBTa. OTelleCTBeBBaJi npOMblillJIeBBOCTb
BblnYCKaeT 60JIbillOe lIHCJIO THnopaSMepOB BYJIKaBHSaI(HOBBWX KOTJIOB paSJIH'lBOrO
HaSBalleB1lJl. Hx MomHO paSAeJIHTb Ba ABe OCBOBHble rpynnw - ByJIKaBHsaI(HOB-
-awe KOTJIW 6es napoBoH Py6aillKH H C napoBoH py6allIKoH.
TIIDW BYJIKaBHSa
OHHWX KOTJIOB, BblnycKaeMwx B CCCP, onpeAeJIeBW
rOCT 14106-69.
BYJIKaBBSaI(HOBBbIe KOTJIW no YKasaBBOMY rOCT BwnycKaIOTCJI Ba AaBJIeBHe
i() H 12,5 Krc/cM" (0,6 H 1,25 MIla). llpHBeAeM npBMep 060SBalleBHJI BYJIKaBHSaI(HOB-
Boro KOTJIa, TynBKoBoro, C napoBo
py6aillKoH, MexaBHSHpOBaBBoro, C BBYTpeB-
BHM AHaMeTpoM 1500 MM, AJIIIHOH I(HJIBBAPHlIeCKOH lIaCTH 3000 MM H AaBJIeBHeM
0,6 Mlla: «l\OTeJI RBT M-1500-3000-6 rOCT 14106-69). BYJIKaBHSaI(HOBBWe KOTJIW
AOJImBW HSrOTaBJIHBaTbCJI B COOTBeTCTBHH C Tpe60BaB1lJlMH yKasaBBoro rOCT H
«llpaBHJIaMH YCTpOHCTBa H 6esonacBoH 3KCnJIyaTaI(HH COCYAOB, pa60TaIOm;HX nOA
p;aBJIeBHeM) rOcropTeXBaAsopa CCCP.
B ByJIKaBHS
OBBYX KOTJIaX 6es napOBOH py6aIIIKJI nap HJIH ropJl'lHii BOSAYX
nOAaeTCJI BenocpeACTBeBBO B KOTeJI, H BYJIKaBHSaI(HJI npoxoABT B napOBOH, B03-
AYillHOH HJIH napOBOSAYillHOH cpeAe. B KOTJIaX C napOBOH py6awKoH nap nOAaeTCJI
B py6awKy KOT:.Ia, H BYJIKaBHSaI(HJI npOTeKaeT B BOSAYDIBOH cpeAe. AaBJIeBHe nOAa-
BaeMoro B KOTeJI napa 06eCnellHBaeT TeMnepaTYPY B KOTJIe 160-180 °C.
TeXBB'leCKaJl xapaKTepHCTHKa BYJIKaHHsaI(HOBBWX KOTJIOB, BwnycKaeMwx
()TelleCTBeBOWMH saBOAaMH, OpHBOAHTCJI B Ta6JI. 15.1.
BYJIKaBHSaI(HOBBYe KOTJIbl npHMeBJlIOTCJI rJIaBHblM 06pa30M 1(JIJI BSrOTOBJIeBHJI
Be
pMoBwX peSBBOBWX TeXHHlIeCKHX HSAeJIHH, KOTopwe OOAaIOTCJI BBYTPb Ba npo-
THBBJlX B CJIoe TaJIbKa BJIB B sa6HBToBaBBoM BHAe. {J)0pMoBwe HSAeJIHJI 60JIbWHX
paSMepOB, KOTopwe SeJIbSJI BYJIKaB1lS0BaTb Ba opeccax, BYJIKaBHsYIOTCJI B KOTJIe
B
opMax C saoopHblM YCTPOHCTBOM, COOC06BWM BWAepmaTb AaBJIeBHe, paSBHBa-
IOm;eeCJI B
opMe BO BpeMJI BYJIKaBHSaI(BB.
06m;:o:H BHA rOpHSOBTaJIbBOrO BYJIKaBHSaI(HOBBoro TynBKoBoro KOTJIa
RBTM-110o-200o-6 nOKasaB Ba pHC. 15.3. I(HJIHBAPHlIeCKHH cBapBoH Kopnyc 1
BWnOJIBeB BS CT.3. C oABoro KOBI(a K BeMY npHBapeBo 3JIJIHDTHlIeCKOe ABHm;e 10.
Ha APyroM TOpI(e I(BJIBBAPHlIeCKOH lIaCTH KOTJIa npHBapeBo BenOABHmBOe KOJIbI(O 2
.f>aB:OBeTBOro saTBopa, sa KpWWKe 5 KOTJIa - KOJIbI(O 4 6aHoBeTBoro saTBopa.
MemAY 3TBMH KOJIbI(aMH BaXOAHTCJI ynJIOTBJlIOm;aJl peSBBOBaJi npOKJIaAKa 3. llpH
:aanHpaBHH 6aitoseTBoro saTBopa KpWWKa 5 nOBOpa'lHBaeTCJI sa OCH 7 B Kopnyce
33* 515
Ta6AUlfa 15.1. TeXBB'IeCKaa xapalt'l'epllCl'BKa BYU
OIllDlX KOTJlOB, BltlllyCKaeJIYX
OTe'IeCTBeBBI>DfB 8aBO
8MB NIa B)'JlRaBB8a
pe8IIIIOBWX TeXBB'IeC)(BX B8
eJIBi
PaaMepy Pa60'lee PI!- faliapRTRr.re
KOTna. _ neBBe, MlIa . paaMepy, _
:II ..
. .. cd cd
:
a; a;
TIIII ROTJUI G> !;
Gis:>. U G> i .. . :0: ..
s:>.G>
G>t r- :: .! G>
J " :c
0::
eo:ll - <.>
:;1; 0 t ;:.-; s:>.
iB :.-; I i c.>
s:>...
. 10 m
1'(11' . . 0 I'( .
KBT3M-80o-900 · 800 900 0.9 - 180 0.68 3980 1160 1716 1,093
KBTM-1100-1500 1100 1500 0,6 - 160 1,85 2427 2035 1485 1,346
RBTPM-1100-15oo 1100 1500 0,6 0,6 160 1,85 2479 2040 1535 2,175
KBTM-1100-2000 1100 2000 0,6 - 160 2,75 2929 2035 1485 1,655
KBTM-1100-3000 1100 3000 0,6 - 160 2,7 3920 2035 1485 1,898
RBTPM-11DO-3000 1100 3000 0,6 0,6 160 2,7 3920 2035 1485 2.300
RBTM-11DO-4ooo 1100 4000 0,6 - 160 4,7 4920 2035 1485 2,388
RBTM-1100-5000 1100 5000 0,6 - 160 5,6 5920 2035 1485 2,568
RBIIM-11DO-11ooo 1100 11000 0.6 - 160 11,0 11928 2035 1565 5.527
KBIIM-11DO-22000 1100 22000 0,6 - 160 22,0 23 200 2360 1565 11.139
RBTPM-1500-3000 1500 3000 0,6 0.6 160 6.3 4467 2750 2508 5.007
RBTM-15OO-3000 1500 3000 0,6 - 160 6.3 4128 2555 1830 3,915
KBIIPM-1500-3000 1500 3000 0.6 0,6 160 6.4 4400 1802 1940 5.741
RBTM-1500-4000 1500 4000 0,6 - 160 9,0 5630 2555 1940 3.660
RBTM-1500-6000 1500 6000 0.6 - 160 12,0 7232 2555 1940 4.415
KBTPM-150o-6000 1500 6000 0,6 0,6 160 11,7 7199 2555 1940 4.880
RBTM-2000-4000 2000 4000 0,6 - 160 16,0 5433 3123 2480 6.935
RBTPM-2000-4000 2000 4000 0,6 0.6 160 16,0 5500 3140 2480 7,320
RBTM-2000-6000 2000 6000 0.6 - 160 21,2 7425 3123 2480 6.935
RBTPM-2000-6000 2000 6000 0,6 0.6 160 21,2 7550 3123 2480 7,500
RBTM-2000-B000 2000 8000 0,6 - 160 26.0 2430 3010 2480 8,346
RBTM-2200-6000 2200 6000 0,6 - 160 26,0 7550 3205 2583 8,760
. RBTM-2200-8000 2200 8000 0,6 - 160 35,0 9545 3205 2583 10,152
KBTM-2800-6000 2800 6000 0,4 - 150 43,2 7928 3911 3355 12,778
RBTM-2800-8000'.. 2800 8000 1,25 - 190 57,0 10 650 3775 3840 27,130
RBTM-2800-10000 2800 10 000 0,4 - 150 67,7 11 931 4011 3355 18,126
RBTM-2800-16000 2800 16000 0,6 - 150 91,0 17920 '3911 3120 26,000
RBTM-3600-8000 .. 3600 8000 1 - 180 98.0 11 670 3640 5850 45,900
· ROTeJI JIa60pa1'OpBYi (BlI,II;eKC 6909); cpe
a B KOTJle-DapoBOaAYmBaJI (B OCTaJIbBYX KOT-
JIax, Depe'lBClleBBYX B Ta6JIltu;e,-DapoBaJI).
'..
JIB DOBopOTa 6aROBeTBOrO KOJIl>D;a BY.IIKaBllaau;BoBBYi KOTeJI RBTM-2800-8000 RMeeT
aJIeKTpo
BBraT9JIb A0C-41-4 (N = 1,7 KBT, n - 1260 06/MRB), KOTeJI KBTM-3600-8000-
9JIeKTpO
BraT9JIb A02-41-6 (N = 3 KBT, n = 960 06/IoIBB), AJla 'OTKpYTHa RPYIll1Ul- 9JIeKTpo-
BHraTeJIb AOC-42-4 (N = 2,8 KBT, n = 1278 06/IoIBB).
RpoBDITeiBa nOBOpOTa 6. KpwmRa nOBOpallBBaeTCJI npB nOMO
meCTepBH 8,
YCTaBOBJIeBBOii Ba Ropnyce ROTJIa B Bxo
eii B 8au;enJIeBBe C 8y611aTWM ceRTOpOM
9, 8aRpenJIemmM Ba RpWnIRe. KOTen OImpaeTCJI Ba CTaJIbJIWe onopw 13, npBBapeB-
JlWe R ROpnyCy. OAKa B8 onop 8aRpeIIJIJleTCJI Ba <}JYBp;aMeBTe BenOp;BB)l(BO, a p;py-
raJi MomeT nepeMe
aTbCJI Ba RaTRax npB YP;JIBBemm ROTJIa BCJIep;CTBBe nOBLlJIIeBIDI
B BeM TeMnepaTypw. BBYTpB ROTJIa npBBapeBW peJIbChI 11 p;JIJI nepep;BBmeBBJI
, no BIIM TeJIemRB 12 C B8p;eJIBJlMB. '
Bce ByJIRaBB8
OBBwe ROTJIW' cBa6maIOTCJI npep;OXpaBBTeJIbBIiIM YCTpoii-
CTBOM, BCRJIlOlIalO1I\1IM B08MO)I(BOCTb OTRpWTBJI RpLIJIIRB ROTJIa, eCJIB ROTeJI Baxo-
p;BTCJI nop; Bs6WTOllJIWM p;aBJIeBBeM. TaRoe YCTpoiicTBO nORa8aBO Ba pBC. 15.4.
B ROpnyC ROTJIa BBapeB mTyI(ep 1, B ROTOpwii BBepTWBaeTCJI naTPy60R C npo6RQ-
BWIII RpaBOM 2. OTRpwBaBBe B 8aRpWBaBJIe RpaBa npOB8BOp;llTCJI RJIlOlIOM 3 lIepe8
PYROJITRY 6, coep;BBeBBYIO co CTep)I(BeM 5, <}JBRCBPYJOII\1IM nOJIOmeBBe 6aiioBeT-
Boro ROJIbI(a 9 RpLIJIIRB OTBOCDTeJIbBO 6aiioBeTBOrO ROJIbI(a 8 Ropnyca ROTJIa.
517
t 8 amMOt.tptp/I
2
PRC. 15.4. ITpe,u;OXPa&BTeJIbBOe YCTpoiCTBO BYJIKa&HaaD;BoBBoro KOTJIa:
1 - IDTYI(ep; z - 1Ip00K08YIi KpaH; a - Kmoq; 4 - KPORDlTeAH; 6 - CTeplflem.; 6 -
PYKOIITKa; 'I - uane
; 8 - Oa!ioHeTII06 Kon&
O KOPUYca; 9 - OattOHeTII06 KOJl&ItO
KpIoIIIIKB.
I
I
I
I
I I
r---I--\:-
I '---, "1
, II
I I
I II
II
II
II
'I
II
,1
C
am61i1
80JO!lx
PRe. 15.5. CxeMa YCTaBoBKR KOBTpOJIbBo-R3MepBTeJIbBYX R perYJIRpylO
Bx
DpR60pOB Ba BYJIKaBBaau;RoBBoM KOTJIe:
1 - 8YnKaHB3
oHllWli KOTen; Z - repMOMe1'p; a, 1Z - MaROMe1'pY; 4 - npe.uoxpa-
HHTeJl&HW KJI8Uaa; 6, 6 - perYJIJlTOp&l TelllIepaT}'llw; 'I, II, 14, 16 - MeMOpaHuwe
KJIauaaw; 8 - KOMaRJtlllllit npR60p; 9 - CBrHan&RWe n8M1lW; 10 - pe.uYKTOP; 11 - uy-
CKOBwe KHOUKB; 16 - repMouapa.
518
,I(JIJI nOBOpOTa PYXOJlTRII 6 U BweMRU CTep)I(JISl 5 U8 ROJIbo;a 9 (AJlJI nOBopOTa 6aiio-
BeTBOrO 8aTBopa RpwmRU 11 OmpWBaBJIJI ROTJIa) Be06xoAJIMo OTRpWTb RpaB 2
U COeAJDUITb BByTpeBBlO1O nOJIOCTb ROTJIa C aTMoc41epoi. 3aBOP;OM «KY3noJllDfep-
Mam», BwnyCRaIO
M ByJIR8.BU8aI(BOBJIHe ROTJIW, pa3pa60T8.BW U nOCTaBJIJlIOTCJI
ROMnJIeRTBO C ROTJIaMB npep;OXp8.BJITeJIbBWe YCTpoiicTBa BBK 00000, BBK 200.00,
BBK 40.000 U EBK 200.00 B 3aBUCIDfOCTII OT TIIIIa U pa3Mepa nOCTaBJIJleMoro.
ROTJIa.
BYJIR8.BB8aI(BOmme ROTJIW, corJIaCBO yKa8aBBOMY rOCT, p;OJImBJal U8rOTaBJIU-
BaTbeJl C aBTOMaTlPleCRIDI ynpaBJIeBUeM npoo;eCCOM ByJIR8.BU8aI(JUI U C MexaBB3U-
pOBaBBJalK npoo;eCCOK nepe8apJI)J;RU ROTJIa. npep;ycMaTpUBaeTCJI TaRme B03Mom-
BOCTb nepexop;a Ba p
Boe ynpaBJIeBBe. '
CBcTeKa aBTOMaTlJ1leCROrO peryopoBODISI p;OJImBa 06eCnellUTb nOCTOJlBCTBO
TeMnepaTYpw BBYTPU ROTJIa U COOTBeTCTBUe ee 3ap;amioMY peaamy.. ,I(JIJI
ROTJIOB 683 D;JIpRyJIJlTOpOB pa3BoCTb TeKnepal'YP Memp;y Bepxsei U BBmBeii
30B8MB ROTJIa Be p;OJImBa npeBwmaTb 10 oCr. a p;JIJI ROTJIOB C D;JIpRYJIJlTOpaMU
p;OJImBa 6WTb Be Bwme 4°C. Pa8BocTb TeMnepaTyp no p;JlJlBe ROTJIa OT p;
a
p;o RplmIRJI p;OJImBa 6WTb Be 60Jlee 8°C. ,I(JISI &TOrO ROTJIW p;BaMeTpOM 1600,
2000 11 2800 MM co 3KeeBJIIUUlU P;OJl)I(BH 1Dfen. p;OnOJIBBTeJIbBwB 060rpeB p;
a
U RplmIRlI.
CxeMa YCT8.BOBRU ROBTPOJIbBO-U3MepBTeJIbBWX U peryJIupYIOII(UX npu60poB
Ba BYJIRaBB8aI(BOBBOM ROTJIe nORa8aBa Ba pUC. 15.5. YnpaBJIeBBe npoo;eCCOM
BYJIR8.BB8aI(HB' Bep;eTCJI aBTOKaTaqeCRB ROK8.B
npu60poK 8 H peryJIJlTopaMU
TeMnepaTYpw 6 U 5, ROTopwe ompwBaIOT U 8aRpWBaIOT peryJIJI}JOBo
we MeI(6p8.B-
BJale RJIanaBJal 7 (Ba JIJDIIIB cmaToro B08p;yxa, 06eCne1lllBaIOII(erO pa60TY npu6opoB),
13 (Ba JIJIBIDI nop;allu napa), 14 (Ba npop;YBo
oii JIJIIDIu) U 15 (Ba JIIIBJIH BwnycRa
ROBp;eBcaTa). PeryJIJlTop TeMIIepaTypw 5 06eene1lllBaeT nOCTOJlBCTBO TeMIIepaTypw
B ROTJIe, DOJI
aJl IDfnyJIbC OT TepKonap:Y 16. '
15.8.2. ABTo
na8-npeccbl
npu BYJIR8.BU8aI(JUI 90pMOBWX pe3BBOBWX TeXBaqeCRUX u8p;eJIIIi 60JIbmUX
pa3MepOB Ba npeccax Ba6JIIOp;aeTCJI uepaBBOKepBaJl ByJIRaBB3aI(BJI u8p;eJIIIi BCJlep;-
CTBue Toro, lITO BarpeB 90PM npOUCXOp;BT TOJIbRO cBepxy U CBU8Y. nOSTOMY BYJIRa-
BB8aD;JIJI TaRUX usp;eJIBi npOBOp;BTCJI B aBTORJIaB-npeooax.
ABTORJIaB-npecc (puc. 15.6) npep;CTaBJlJleT co60ii BepTBRaJIbmm ROTeJl C Bepx-
Bei sarpY3Roi U BwrpY3Roii. ,I(JIJI 8Toro OB 060pYP;oBaB c'lJeMBoi BepxBeii Rpwm-
Roi 9. BBYTPU ROTJIa CMOBTllpOBaB rllApaBJIB1IeCRuU npecc. BepxsJlJl TpaBepca 8
aBTORJIaB-npecca coep;BBJleTCJI C OCBOB8.BUeM 3 ROJIOBBaMB 4, ROTopwe U Bocnpmm-
MalOT pacnopBJale yCUJUUI, nepep;aBaeMwe lIepe3 RpwmRY U ROJIbo;a 6aiioBeTBOrO
saTBopa. B OCBOBaBue 3 ROTJIa BKOBTllpOB8.BI>I rUp;paBJIB1IeCRIIi D;JIJIJDI,1J;p 1 U
IIJIYBmep 2, BecylI(Bii Ba ce6e CTOJI 6. nocJIep;Bui CJIymBT P;JIJI yCT8.BOBRJI npecc-
9oPM, npeCCOBaBUJI 113p;eJIuii B 9oPKe, nop,p;epmaBUJI 90pM SaRpL1TliJOl npu p;aBJIe-
BIIJI, B03BBRalOII(eM, B npoo;ecce ByJIRaBB3aI(HB, a TaRme P;JIJI nOp;BJlTllJI U onycRa-
BUJI npecc-90PM npu 8arpY3Re U pa3rpY8Re aBTORJIaB-npeooa.
ABTORJIaB-npecc 060PYP;OB8.B 6JIORUPYIOID;JDI npep;OXpaBBTeJIbBbDf YCTPOUCT-
BOM, npep;OTBpalI(alOlD;JDI B03KO)I(BOCTb ompWTllJI RpwmRU npu BaJIII'DUI u36wTOll-
Boro p;aBJIeBUJI B aBTORJIaB-npecce uo B npecc-90pMe U npenJlTcTBY101I(1IM nop;alle
napa B ROTeJI npu Be3aRpWTOii RpwmRe.
B npOUSBop;CTBe pe3UBOBWX TeXBaqeCRUX u8p;eJIIIi aBTORJIaB-npeoow BamJIB
orpaJlJllleBBOe nplDleBeJlJle. ,I(JIJI ByJIR8.BH3aI(JUI pe8UBOBWX TeXBaqeCRIIX u3p;emm
OTelleCTBeBBWrm 3aBop;aKU BwnyCRaIOTCJI aBTORJIaB-npeccw An-U5-690,
AnY-33Q-1600 U AnY-650-2000, RpamaJl TeXJIJIlIeCRaJl xapaRTepUCTBRa ROTOPWX
npUBep;eBa BBme:
519
AII-IU-690 AllY.330-1600 All17-65G-2000
BBYTPeJIIIBI AJlaMeTp Kopnyca, 101M 690 1600 2000
MaKCBlolaJIbB08 DpeccOBoe YCBJlHe, MH 1,15 3,3 6,5
MaKcBlolaJIbB08 AaBJleBBe Dapa B KOp-
OYC8. Mlla ........... 0,6 0,7 0,7
8BJIeBB8 B rqpaBJIR'lecKoi CRCTelole,
Mlla
BB8Koe .......
BIlOOKoe.......
XOA DJIyuacepa, MIoI ...
TelolDepaTYPa B KOTJle, PC
ra6apHTBYe pa8Mepll, MIoI
Amilia .
IDBpBBa
BYCOTa
Macca, T
2 2,5 2,5
12 13,5 12
670 2400 2560
160-170 160-170 160-170
1125 2250 3000
1125 2250 3000
3060 7700 9300
5,77 25,0 62,0
8
t-..
"I
Ie) CII
I
.
t-
.',
'14#0 ##...... ..-.-:. ......cf':
"
6;36 tI.. ,'!..#,
l
PRC. 15.6. ABTOKJIU-DPecc All-115-690:
1 - rB)tp8Bm1qecKBtt IUlJlllBAP; z - UJJyIIJfCep; , - OCH088RBe; 4 - KOnOIlHJ>i; 6 - H1DKHee
e aJITOKn8B8;
6 - CTOn; , - KOPUYC aBTOKn8B8; 8 - aepX8JIII TPUepC8; 9 - aepmJIJI
8JI RPWlDK8.
15.8.8. BynKaHHsau.HOHHble npeccbI
B npOU3Bop;CTBe pe3UBOBHX TeXBlAeCRUX U3p;eJIUB: cnoco6 ByJIRaBB3aIJ;UU U3p;e-
JIUB: B <}JopMax Ba npeccax npllMeBJleTCJI BaB60JIee lIaCTO. BYJIRaBBSaO;BOmu.Ie
npeceH pa3p;eJIJlIOTCJI Ba rllApaBJIlAeCRBe,
pODBeBMaTlAeCKBe, rBp;pOMeXaBIAe-
520
CRlle B MeXaBJAeCRlIe. HalI60JIee pacopOCTpaBellI>l rBApaBJIlflleCRlIe opeccw; B no"
CJIeABlle rop,hI Ba'lIIBaIOT IDlIpORO oplIMeBlITbCII TaRme rBp,pOMexaBlflleCRlIe opeccw.
llo ROBCTpyR
Jm npeccw p,eJIIITCII Ha ROJIOBBWe II paMBwe. llOCJIep,BBe, B CBOIO
O'lepeAb, nop,pa3AeJIIlIOTCII Ba BepTIIRaJIbllI>le B 'IeJIIOCTBLIe. PaMBwe opeccw MeBee
TpYAoeMRII B 1I3rOTOBJIeBIIB, JIel"le ROMOJIeRTYIOTCII BcnOMOraTeJIbBWMB yeTpoiicT-
B8MB B nOJIyqWIB 60JIbIDee pacnpOCTpaBeBBe B pe3IIBOBOii npOMhlIDJIeBBOCTB, 1IeM
ROJIOBHwe.
llo paCOOJIOmeBlI1O pa60'lero I\IIJIIIBApa BepTBRaJIbBWe paMBwe npeccw MomHO
pa3AeJIIITb Ba opeccw C BepXBIIM paCOOJIOmeBlIeM
IIJIBBApa (opeccw C BepXBIIM
p,aBJIeBBeM) B BlImBIIM pacnOJIOmeBlIeM
IIJIBBApa (opeccbI C BBmBBM AaBJIeBBeM).
B pe3IIHOBOii OpOMWmJIeBBOCTII BalI60JIbmee nplIMeBeBlIe BamJIB BYJIRaBB3aI\llOB-
Hwe npeccw C BlImBIIM AaBJIeBlIeM.
llpecc-<}JopMhI AJIII <}JopMoBaBIIII II BYJIRaBB3a
1I1I 1I3AeJIIIii OOMeII{aIOT MemAY
HarpeBaTeJIbBWMII nJIlITaMII npecca. BepxBlI1I BarpeBaTeJIbBall nJIBTa RpeDBTCII
R BepxBeii TpaBepce opecca, a BlImB1I1I - R CTOJIY, coep,BBeBBOMY C DJIyumepOM
rBApaBJIlflleCROro I\IIJIBBApa. MemP,Y BlImBeii B BepxBeB nJIlITaMB MorYT pacnOJIa-
raTbCII OARa IIJIII BeCROJIbRO opOMemYTO'lBLIX nOABBmBWX OJIIIT. B 3aBBCIIMOCTB
OT 'IBCJIa opOCBeTOB MemAY OJIIIT8M1I opeccw pa3AeJIllIOT Ba OABO-, ABYX-, Tpex-
B 1IeTWpeX3TamBwe.
BYJIRaBII3a
IIOBBWe opeccw BWOYCRaIOTCII C IIBAIIBIIAyaJIbBWM B rpynnoBhlM
npBBOAOM IIJIII MorYT 6WTb npeABa3Ba1leBW p,JIII OOp,RJIIO'IeBIIII R 06II{e3aBOp,cRoii
rlI,1l;paBJIlflleCROii CeTlI BhlCORoro BJIB BII3Roro AaBJIeBIIII. B OOCJIeABee BpeMII npe-
IIMyII{eCTBeBBO nplIMeBlllOTCII opeccw C BBAIIBIIAyaJIbHblM IIJIH rpynnoBwM npB-
BOAOM.
llJIIITW npeCCOB BarpeBalOT napOM, neperpeToii Bop,oii, MaCJIOM, BWCORORBDR-
II{BMB OpraBII'IeCRHMII TenJIOBOCBTeJIIIMB (BOT) B 3JIeRTpB'IeCRHM TOROM.
,l:(JIII ByJIRaHB3al\llB MBOrBX <JJoPMOBblX B3AeJIBi Tpe6yeTcII BWCORall TeMoepa-
Typa, AOCTBI'alOII{all 200°C. QT06h1 BarpeTb nJIIITW opecca AO TaRoii TeMoepaTypw,
Tpe6yeTcII nap AaBJIeBBeM 60JIee 2 Mlla, ROTOpwii Ba AeiicTBYIOII{BX 3aBOAax
PTH nOJIyqlITb TPYABO, TaR RaR 3TO conpllmeBO C peROBCTpyRl\lleii Bceii TeDJIOBOii
CBCTeMW 3aBop,a B Bep,eT R YAopomaBBIO TeDJIOBWX ceTeii B apMaTYpw. ll03TOMy
eneco06pa3BO npBMeBIITb npeccw C 3JIeRTp0060rpeBOM BJIB BCnOJIb30BaTb B Ra-
'IeCTBe TenJIOBOCBTeJIeii BWCORORBDIIII{Be opraBlflleCRBe mII,1l;ROCTB.
llplIMeBeBBe 3JIeRTpOBarpeBa nJIIIT ByJIRaBB38I\BOBIII>IX npeCCOB CAepaalBa-
JIOCb p,oJIroe BpeMII TeM, 1ITO nepena,u; TeMnepaTypw no neplDleTpy nJIBTIi[ B npeccax
C 3.JIeRTpOBarpeBoM 6wJI 3Ba'IIITeJIbBO Bwme, 1IeM Y npeccoB C oapoBwM BarpeBoM.
B OOCJIeABee BpeMII 3a C1IeT yJIyqmeBBII ROHCTPyRl\IIB OJIBT YAaJIOCb YMeBbmBTI>
3TOT nepenaA AO :!: (3-5) °C, 1ITO 6JIB3RO R nepena,u;y TeMoepaTyp y nJIBT c napOBLDf
060rpeBoM.
BHHHPTMAID pa3pa60TaBa ROBCTpyR
BII OJIBT TaR Ba3b1BaeMOro «paBBOMep-
Boro TeMoepaTypBoro nOJIII)} (nJIBTW PTll). ¥ 3TBX nJIBT oepenaA TeMDepaTYP no
pa60'leii OOBepXBOCTB, 00 p,8BBblM BCOWTaBllii, OpB 200°C COCTaBJIlleT :!:3 °C JI
a npB 150°C paBeB :!: 2°C.
llJIBTW PTll MOryT 6WTb B3rOTOBJIeBW BC8X OCBOBBWX pa3MepOB - 250 X 250;
400 X 400; 600 X 600; 800 X 800; 1250 X 1250 MM. Bce BBOBb BwnycRaeMLIe
npeccw 6YP,YT OCB
aTbCII TaRBMB nJIBT8MB.
3JIeRTpOBarpeB C npBMeBeBBeM nJIIIT PTll 06eCOe1llIBaeT 60JIee JIerROe AOCTH-
meBBe BblCORBX TeMnepaTYP, ynpOII{aeT 3RCnJIyaTa
BIO opecca, OOBWmaeT 'IBCTOTy
II RyJIbTYPY OpOII3BOACTBa, OOBblIDaeT Ra1leCTBO B3p,eJIBii B OpOlI3BOAIITeJIbBOCTI>
060PYAOBaBIIII.
¥ CBJIlIe opeCCOBaBBII B pa3Mep nJIBT Bw61Ipa1OTCII, BCXOAII B3 pa3Mepa BaK-
60JIee RPYOBblX <JJoPM, ROTopble p,OJImBW 6WTb YCTaBOBJIeBLI Ba npecce. llpB BC-
00JII>30BaBBB MllrRBX pe3IIBOBWX cMeceii AaBJIeBBe Ba nJIlITY JIemlIT B npeAeJIax
2-5 Mlla, a OplI OpBMeBeBBB meCTRBX cMeceii OBO AOXOABT AO 7-10 Mlla. llpecc
521
,lJ.OJImeB 6HTb BH6paB C BeROTOpHM, 3anaCOM npOTBB paC'IeTBOrO npeccYIOD:(erO
YCDJIDII. nJIOD:(a,tJ;b nJIDThI npecca ,lJ.OJImHa 6HTb MaRCDMaJIbBO DCnOJIb30BaBa,
a B
eJIIIX npe,lJ.ynpem,lJ.eBDII DsrB6a nJIBT BO BpeMII SRCnJIyaTa
DD npecC-<}JopMH
CJIe,lJ.yeT pa3MeD:(aTb Ba nJIDTaX paBBOMepHO.
KOBCTp
HR BYJIR8BD381\110HBIJIX npecCOB. Y CTpOHCTBO 06H'IBOrO paMBoro
'IeTblpeXSTamBoro ByJIRaBU3a
DOBBoro npecca C napOBhlM 060rpeBOM nJIDT nORa-
SaBO Ba pBC. 15.7, a. 3TOT npecc mDpORO npBMeBlleTCII Ba 3aBO,lJ.aX pe3DBoBoH npo-
MLlmJIeBBOCTB. CTaHDHa 6 npecca COCTODT B3 ,lJ.BYX paM, BLlnOJIBeBHLlX D3 JIDCTOBoi
CTaJID, ROTopHe COe,lJ.DBeBLI Mem,IlY c060i CTllmBLlMD 60JITaMD 13 C pacnopRaMD
DS TPy6H. R CTaBDBe Ba 60JITaX RpenBTCII BepXBlI1I TpaBepca 5, a R Bei - Bepx-
HIIII HenO,lJ.BDmBall BarpeBaTeJIbBall nJIBTa 7.
B HDmBei 'IaCTD CTaBDBLI 3aRpenJIeB pa60'lllii rD,lJ.paBJID'IecRnii
BJlBH,lJ.p 1
C nJIYBlRepOM 2, R ROTOPOMY 60JITaMD 10 RpenBTCII CTOJI 9. Ha nOCJIe,lJ.BeM BenO,lJ.-
BDmBO CMOBTDpOBaBa BDmBlI1I BarpeBaTeJIbBall nJIDTa 8. npecc 060PY,lJ.OBaB TpeMII
npOMe;'RyTO'lHlaIMD BarpeBaTeJIbBHMD nJIDTaMB 4, ROTopHe MorYT nepeMe
aTbCII
B BepTBKaJIbBOM BanpaBJIeBDB B CTaBBBe npecca.
nap nO,lJ.BO,lJ.DTCII R npeCCaM 'Ie pes ROJIJIeRTOp B TeJIeCROnD'leCRDe TPy6KD 14.
OTpa60TaBBLli nap D ROB,lJ.eBCaT OTBO,lJ.IITCII 'Iepe3 ROJIJIeRTOp 3.
JIII <}JBKca
DD
npOCBeTa Mem,lJ.y nJIDTaMD CJIymaT ynOpH, OrpaBD'lBBalOD:(De nepeMeD:(eBDe npOMe-
:mYT0'lBHX nJIDT BBDS.
npecc-<}JopMLI YCTaBaBJIDBalOTCII Ba BarpeBaTeJIbBLle nJIBTH npecca, DB rD,lJ.pa-
BJID'leCRDH
DJIDB,lJ.p 1 'Iepes <}JJIaBe
12 nO,!J.aeTCII rD,!J.paBJID'IeCRall mD,!J.ROCTb HDS-
Roro .IJ;aBJIeBDII (2-5 Mna) ,!J.JIII nO.IJ;'beMa CTOJIa B BarpeBaTeJIbBHX nJIDT C <}Jop-
MaMII .IJ;O conpDROCBOBeHDII DX BumBDX B BepXBDX nJIOCROCTei. nOcJIe SToro OTRJIIO-
'IaeTCII HHSRoe ,!J.aBJIeHDe B rU.IJ;pOCDCTeMe B nO.IJ;aeTCII rD,!J.paBJID'leCRall mD,!J.ROCTb
BLlCORoro .IJ;aBJIeBDII (12-20 Mna) ,!J.JIII C03,!J.aBDII npeccYIO
ero YCDJIDII D samDMa
<JJoPM BO BpeMII ByJIRaBDsa
DB.
no OROB'laBDD BYJIRaBDSa
DD .IJ;aBJIeBDe B rD,!J.pOCDCTeMe OTRJIIO'IaeTCII, D CTOJI,
a TaKiRe npOMemYTO'lBLle nJIBTLI C <}JopMaMB no,!J. ,!J.eiCTBDeM C06CTBeBBOi TllmeCTD
onYCRalOTCII B HDmBee nOJIOmeBBe. nOcJIe SToro <}JOpMH CHDMalOTCII .IJ;JIII BHeMRH
DS.IJ;eJIDii D nepeSapll.IJ;RD.
Cy
eCTBYIOT TaRil,e ROJIOBBHe BYJIRaHBSa
DOBBHe npeccLI (pDC. 15.7, 6),
npDHD;DDUaJIbBO HD'IeM He OTJID'lalOD:(DeCII OT npecca, onDcaBBoro BLlme. BMeCTO
paM DS JIBCTOBOro npORaTa Y SToro npecca Bce YCDJIDe BocnpDBDMaeTCII 'IeTHpbMII
ROJIOBBaMD 16, coe,!J.DBjJlO
DMD OCBOBaBlle npecca 15 C BepxHeH TpaBepcoH 5.
. B llaCTOII
ee BpeMII .IJ;JIII pesDBoBoH npOMLlmJIeBBOCTH DSrOTaBJIDBalOTCII
B OCBOBBOM BYJIKaHD3a
DoHHHe npeccH paMBoi ROBCTpyK
BD. ROHCTpyK
DII BYJI-
RaBD3
OBBLlX npeCCOB, BLlnYCRaeMLlX B nOCJIe.IJ;Bee BpeMII OTe'leCTBeBBoi npo-
MLlmJIeBBOCTI>IO D pll,!J.OM sapy6emBHx <}JDpM, SBa'lDTeJIbBO DSMeBDJIaCb. YBeJID'IH-
nOCb YCDJIDe npeCCOBaBHII, Bce 60JIbme npODSBO.IJ;DTCII npeCCOB C SJIeRTp0060rpeBoM
nJIDT. BospocJIa TeMnepaTypa BarpeBa nJIDT, TO'lBOCTb ee perYJIDpOB8BDII. BOJIb-
mall 'IaCTb npeCCOB BLlnYCRaeTCII C aBTOMaTD'IeCRDM ynpaBJIeBlleM npo
ecca BYJIRa-
BDsa
D D OCHaIl\eBa MexaBDSMaMD, 06JIer'lalOD:(DMD sarpysRY npecca <}JopMaMD,
C'beM D DX nepeSapll.IJ;RY. B pesYJIbTaTe C'beM rOToBoi npo,!J.YR
1m C npecca BOSpOC
60JIee 'IeM B 2 pasa. TDnLl D paSMepLl npeCCOB, BaMe'leBHHe R BHnYCRy OTe'leCTBeH-
BOH npOMLlIDJIeHHOCTbIO, perJIaMeBTDpYIOTCII rOCT 11997 -71.
npDBe.IJ;eM npHMep YCJIOBBOrO 060SBa'leBDII rD,!J.paBJID'IeCROrO BYJIRaBDSa-
DOHHoro npecca C HOMUHaJIbBLlM yCDJIDeM 2,5 MH, C nJIDTaMD paSMepOM 600 x
x 600 MM, C 3JIeRTpD'leCRDM 06orpeBoM, ,!J.BYX3TamBoro: «(npecc 250-60032
rOCT 11997-71».
JIII npecca C napOBLlM 060rpeBoM nJIBT BMeCTO 6YKBbt 3 CTaBDTCII
6yKBa n.
COrJIaCBO yKasaHBOMY rOCT ROBCTpyR
DII BYJIRaBDSa
DOBBLlX npeCCOB
,!J.OJImBa n03BOJIIITb perYJIBpOBaTb yCBJIDe npeCCOBaBBII B npe.IJ;eJIax 30-60%
.522
ED'"
'C)
, 11
;......
Eo......
;I ....
;ii
;;I i
e!g
"'*
!
I
, II
....
=
<i ! <iii
5 :.:
III
h;
!'.iti
",I"
Iii
H!
I:(II:
I r
:.: ...
::
:.:
I;,;
oot:.,
..
m
.. il:l:e
I=t
!. o::!'.i I
1:1 i
Q) ..I..
I:! ufo!:
i "'",&
Gi I::.:
= tlB I
i 1ii
il'
i Q) I
",
.,"'",
"'i:I;
foo ;l1a"
= .. I t
Q) Ii
::...g
Si g ,.1:1
'" &
=
Q) l:Iil:(
:zI.=&I'
III
e-=
III III .,
i
ii
10 ",I
III I.,..
= 10 IQ...
= ..1 i=:
I
. 1 111 =
to- I';i 0
. 1:1 :.:
",
!a
. "'iii IQ S
....
OT BOMBBaJIbBOrO. npeCCbI, RaK DpaBBJIO,
OJImBLI BbInycRaTbCJI C 9JIeRTpJl1leCRIDI
060rpeBOM DJIIIT.
PaaBOCTb TeMnepaTYP B paaJlJl1llllolx T01fiCaX pa60lleii aOBI>I DJIlITbI AOJI)l(Ba
6bITb Be 60JIbme :!:3 °C DPB TeMDepaType 200 OCt ABToMaTB1leCROe YCTpoiicTBO
06eCDellBBaeT DOAP;epmaJlHe TeMDepaTypbI B DpeAeJIax 200°C C T01lBOCTIdO :!: 1°C.
Bce DpeCCbI, Ba1lBBaJi C yCBJIBJI 1 MH, cBa6malOTCJI DOA'beMBl>IM CTOJIBROM llJIB
DepeaapJl
DROM. TeXBB1lecRaJi XapaRTepHCTBRa OTelleCTBeBBbIX BYJIRaBB8
OB-
Bl>IX npeCCOB DpllBeAeBa B Ta6JI. 15.2. Bee DpeccbI, yRaaallJlble B Ta6JI
e, BIaI1IYCRa-
IDTCJI C BBABBBAYaJIbBI>IM BJIH rpynuOBbIM DpIlBOAOM.
¥
PBC. i5.8. BYJIKasB8au;BoBBtd Qempex8Taamtd Dpecc 160-600-ll4 C BBARBBAyam.uoi I'QPa-
BJlB'lecKoi YCTa&OBKOi:
J - C'J'8IIIIIIa; 2 - mJtPOUWIBRAP; 8 - rllAPlUlDll'lecK8JI ycT8IIOBKa; 4 - upo"_YTO'lRWe H&rpeB8TeJJ&lIYe
1UJB'1'W; 6 - mapBBpllYe TpyOoUPOBOltlol AM UOJPIOAa uapa; ,- 6aK AM Macna;., - TeunOR8
OIDDoJit
KOmyx; 8,11 - 8epmBit B _It uO
JOIIoIe CIJ'OmIICII; I, JO - IlepmRJI 8 IIIJH(RJIJI RarpeB8TeJJ&lIYe UmtTIoI;
J6 - mJtpOUWlBlmPIoI uoneMRlolx CTOJIIIK08, 18 - 8aeK'1POPlI1'aTeJJ& rBApaBm1'I6CKol ycTaROB1III.
CoBpeMeBBl>Iii BYJIRaBHaaIOlOBBl>Iii lIeTbIpeX3TamBbIii DpecC 16o-60o-n4 C )J,BYMJI
DOA'beMBbIMB CTOJIBRaMD AJIJI nepeaapJlARB
pM DOKaaaB Ba pBC. 15.8. npecc paM-
Boii ROBCTpyRIOIB C BBADBDAyaJIblll>fM I'BApODpBBOAOM - rDApaBJIDlIeCROii YCTa-
BOBROii 3.
Ha CTaBBBe 1 yRpeDJIeB rDAPOIOlJIBBAP 2. nap nOABOABTCJI R BarpeBaTeJIbBLIM
DJIlITaM 4, 9 B 10 DO mapBDpBbIM Tpy6onpOBOAaM 5. Ha BepxBeii lIaCTB CTamIIIbI
paaMe
eB 6aR AJIJI MaCJIa 6. HarpeBaTeJIbBLIe DJIBTbI aaKpbITbI TenJIOBaOJIJlIOIOB-
m.IM RomYXOM 7, coeABBeBBbIM C BbITJI)l(Boii BeBTDJIJlD;Deii. npecc npeAHaaBalleH
AJIJI pa60TbI C OABHOllBblMD <}JopMaMD B o6opYAoBaH ABYMJI DOA'beMBbIMD CTOJIBRaMJI
8 D 11 )J,JIJI DepeaapJlARD <}JOpM. CTOJIDRD rBApaBJID1IeCROrO AeiicTBBJI, CTOJIDR 8
06CJIymBBaeT ABa BepxBBx 3Tama Dpecca,J a CTOJIDR 11 - ABa BD)l(BBX 3Tama.
Ha pBC. 15.9 DORaaaB 06
Dii BBA COBpeMeBBoro BYJIRaBBaaI(BOBBOro Dpecca
C 3JIeRTpOo6orpeBoM DJIDT, BBADBBAyaJIblll>fM DpllBOAOM B ABYMJI DepeaapJl)J,lIBRaMB.
npecc paCC1JDTaB Ba pa60TY C DpeCC-
pMaMJI RaCCeTBOro TDDa. nepeaapJl
BRD
COCTOJIT Ba CTOJIa 1 )J,JIJI DepeaapJl)J,RII HH)l(BerO 3Tama Dpecca, Ha BepxBeii DJIO-
CROCTB ROToporo pacnOJIaraeTCJI HH)l(BJIJI lIaCTI> 2
PMbI (Raccem), B CTOJIa 3
524
I
Cf$
.
II
J
I
H
;
=
i
:I
.
IE
!
i
i
i
i
I
!
.
. j
=
M
"
:
!
t
.
III
I!!
Q
t
!.
I!I
M
111
I!I
I
<:I
::to
::s
Q
E..,
'eOO9-09J
'JI009-09J
ge009-09J
gn009-09J
geOO'-09J
geoO'-09J
.geOO'-9n
geOO'-OOJ
gnoo'-OOJ
:.WOe06-na
e09g-o,
:
;rX
.
2
,,;"iN
&
: 2 '!
CD
1/)1/) 1110
r!. X
N
.2CD
o
.
-
1/)g
8
01/)
r!.XN1/)
O
N
'
iN
1/) I=:
_ cc
8 'I!!
N
g
;!xN2"l
o
2
Q,
1/)
XN21/).
.
8
.
1/)
S
fB
00
N'
1/)
N
1/)
1/)
O
r--
1/) 00.
OONN
N
1/)
1/)
S
OO
N'
N
CD
1/)
1/)
S
OO
N
N
00
8
.
N
1/)
N
e--8 0 '=
oXN
i1/)'1II2 1/)
2
1/).
N
0 I;j
E'
9 XNg1/).
g N
;
1/)
CCN
I I
I
CD
N
C'o1
1/).
xNir--....
N
2
'!
XN i r--..!
N
2 1/) I!I
=
CD r--
.
I CD I'-
8
N
N
O
1/) Q,
XNN1/).
.fo< NO 1/). N
N
1/)01ll
Q)
I=:
CC
g1/)CD OO
I'-m .
..
O
- . '
. ':t" .:s.:i:i:m:'.
::I!'::a .!.
.
.I!I..
:
::s . oS :
: II: :
:
J: .
... !
" - 1=:111 10
.=. I!I
'f;jar .
.!, '1.'
d
. =\;'.I=::s..I!1.... . .
....
.
.f;j::s .=
..
.=... ....
.
i.t
..
.8.. . .:i....
Q)
I=:
Q 0 fo<
Q,
'fo<
f;j5 'fo<O 'Q,fo<:O:fo<f.)'f.)'s .
m ::!!iI=::>"
Q, 'f2j;Q
j;Qi'i'j;'. .
fooQ)=q) Q)!if. .
III<'>I11
.
.!,""
...<'>::I!I!IO&:
'" <'>
I=: I=:
!;OQ)III3!1=: III 8 = !
'
'Q) 'I!II!I'
:s
mQ)
=
Q)!8
f;j
Q;Q
I!I
fo<
i
III
!
I!
i
il
s
s
ii
III
OI!lI!lCf$$
I!I.'O:>.O<'>Q,:3Q,:3
I!I
:=
:c:
I::(::a 0
I::( tlt,::!ii ::a = =
::a
.;
e:.
i!
=1
o
got;
=1
,
*0
11:1
0.,
:a:a
I!
!:I =
..
.
525
EO
"
::s
!iI
()
526
enOOOI:/00n-09n
.. l:e009-091:
Je09n-00'
7:n008J 100eJ-091:
J JD099J 100J J-0007:
m007:J 1009-0001:
'U009.09
_ M009-09J
8 8 .=-d>!;(
"
(w:>" Or;>III4N
X I = I
CIIQ,I:II
11) NO",:.;..
N1I) ..:; Q
c:; =
..
*
:
XNg
2 ..-4
CzS
"'"
I
.'=
:.;
Q
Q)
r;
i:'
:.;
Q)
I "",J5
f;.. °
"'" X"
=
..
..
xN8
I::(
..
.1St
o
III
o
g :
(w:>CC =
"",.. °
""'X::1I)"
R8 ..
..
..
o;""",
NCC
oX ..N.......=:
= 8 0
IXI III
o
Q,
..,
* 8 =
""'
CC.
..""..
11)
tlSt
r.!. x""'
cc. i:'1:11
(w:> g ..""..:0::0:
11) Q)Q
t::
:
':I:
'::e
.
. i .
. . =. .'"
1:1 .
..,
.
.==
.= .=::e .
.II t:: Q)
. t:: 1:1.='
.
.
:>.
.
::!I:!E!ft::
'
i !."'Q) 1:1
",1;::s..,$&:;
:0Q)=
t::
::S::!l
=
:i:
gQ,g!
=::!Q)
...Q) ",Q);:!;Q,
i
=8
!i8
=
i::G
3
CC
I:
Sg
..
"ON""'.
N..N(w:>
1I)N
(w:>
:-::;.
'<!'
..
00
g
..
s.
11)
I I
..
g8
CC
"
1t)
I I
i
..
8
o;
'<!'
NN
(w:>
I I
i
..
11).
N"N CC
NO
..
°
..
11)
1°
NN
11)
O
N
"11) .
..OONI:':I
N
..
!;(0000
C6..N
,,00
(w:>.
'<!'
11)
..
N
..
11)
. b .
':;j . gj
.
"
. = . =
.., . E '.
.: .:
p= .
.
.
.::e . 0: ..., . Q . <0
1;:. '
'i .:t
!J '
'
'
'1!i1' =
"'Q .
.g, .:3.
5 .2 t:
. t! Q,
"'0' f:'''':D'''Co) Co)'S
!
. :.;IXI t::1XI
.0 .
Q)
.Q):';t'):';,.g.
.'"
1:1 '" t::. t:: t:: Q,
illlQ)$t'):
f'
'Q)'''' .
'" Q) 0 :0: t! III t! '" IS !E Q = !E Q
..,
=
o:=:.;gCo)0Q= ",SQ,0'"
;::!IO
!
[
=
.
o
=III;ts
t::..,
alll
.., 0
0t')Q,1:IQ,1:I
I::( ::e::e = =
::e
....
co
-
.
....
:I
Q,
o
?
<>
<>
..
Q,
=
H
:a
III
Iii
I;
CI
:>4
..
Q,
E-
:I
o
1;
Ir'
0(
c:
Q,
<II
..
o
Q,
o
=
00
-
I
...
04'
.....
:I
Q,
o
?
<>
<>
<>
Q,
=
H
Ii:
I;
=
H
;>.
.,
I:(
i
'"
!Ii
:7' .
1:(::Ii'
11:'"
Q,III
Cd:;
0:»
.=:1
<>
h'i
:;-
:I
=
:a oG <>
!e-=
=:a
Q,
Q,"o:
:a:l:a
88 0
.,.,
Q,Q,Q,
===
......
....
..
JI,JI1I nepeSap1lJI,KB BepXHerO aTama. Ha aTOM CTOJle HaXO,!(DTCJI nJlHTa 4 JI,J111 nepe-
Mem;eHH1I HHiRHeB 'IaCTB 5 KaCCeTBOB
pMLI BepXHero aTaiRa. BepxHHe 'IaCTH
xacceTHLIX npecc-
opM 8 HenOJI,BB)I(]IO SaKpenJleHLI Ha HarpeBaTeJlbHLIX nJlHTax 6.
nepeMe
eHHe HBiRHBX 'IaCTeB npecc-
opM Ha CTOJlHKB nepeSap1lJI,'IBKOB npOBS-
BOJI,HTC1I JI,BYM1I rHJI,paBJlB'leCKBMII I\HJlHBJI,paMB 9 B 11. npecc 06CJlYiRBBaeTCJI
C OJI,HOH CTOpOHH.
B HaCT01l
ee BpeMJI BLInYCKaIOTC1I nepeSap1lJI,tlHKB, Koi'opt.Ie aBTOMaTB'leCKB
QTl\pLIBaIOT npecc-
pMY B BLITaJlKHBaIOT BYJlKaHBSOBaHHLIe BSJI,eJlB1I. npeccoB
HK
JI,OJIiReH TOJlbIW SaJlOiRHTb HOBLIe CLIpLIe sarOTOBKB B
OPMY B HaiRaTBeM KHonKB
nYCTBTb npecc B pa60TY.
3aBOJI, «TaM60BnOJlBMepMam» BLInycTBJI BYJlKaHBSaI\HOHHLIB npecc 250-60032
C nepeSap1lJI,tlHKOM 777-031.. 06CJlymHBaHBe npecca JI,BYCTopOHHee. npeccoB
HKB
aaI\JIaJI,MBaIOT CMpLIe sarOTOBKH B OTKpMTLIe HHiRHBe 'IaCTB KaCCeT, BLIJI,BBHyTLIX
n
tZ
PBC. 15.9. BYJlKaBBaaD;BoBBYi r
paBJInecKBi
Byx8Ta)I(BYi Dpecc c
9neKTpo06orpeBoM DJlBT c BYABmRll.l>lMB KaCCeTBIIIMB 4!opMaMB:
"1 - CTon )lmI uepeaapllAKH
PM HBIfIRero 3T8>Ka; 2 - IIBIfIRRR uonOBBHa upecc-l/)opMl>l:
8 - BepxllJlli CTOn Ami uepeaapllAl<H BepXReA Upecc-(j)oPMW; 4 - nnBTa: :; - IIBIfIRJlR
qaCTI> Bepmett upecc-l/)opMl>l; 6 - RarpeBaTeJlbRWe nnBTbl; 1 - CTaHHHa; 8 - BepxIIBe
qaOTH Upecc-(j)oPM, aaKpeuneBBble Ra RarpeBaTeJlbIlHX nnBTax; 9,11 - BepxBBtt B RJOI(.
IIBtt rBJtpoUBJl8RJtpw: 10, 12 - BepXHBit B IIBIfIRBit UOCT8MellTlll Itml rBJtPOl{llnBBJtPOB.
Ha CTOJIBKB nepeSap1lJI,'IBKOB. nocJle aTOro KpLImKB KaCCeT saKpLIBaIOTC1I npB
nOMO
JI rJlJI,pOI\BJlBHJI,pOB. KacceTLI aBTOMaTB'IeCKB BJI,BBraIOTC1I B npecc, B HaiRa-
THelli Ha KOHe'IHLIe BMKJIIO'IaTeJlB JI,aeTC1I CHrHaJl Ha CMLIKaHHe npecca. nocJle
nocTynJIeHB1I ClU'HaJIa Ha saKpLIBaHBe npecca CO CTOpOHLI BTOpOB KacceTLI (BJI,BB-
raelllOB B npecc C JI,pyroH CTOpOHLI) rBJI,paBJlH'leCKa1l iRBJI,KOCTb HBSKoro JI,aBJleHB1I
nOl{aeTCJI B rH,D;pOI\BJIBH,D;p CTOJIa npecca, B nJIYHiRep nO
HMaeTCJI u SaMLIKaeT
npeCc-
pMLI. 3aTeM OTKJlIO'IaeTCJI HBSKoe JI,aBJleHBe B rB,D;pOCBCTeMe B BKJIIO'Ia-
eTC1I nO,D;a'la rB,D;paBJIJI'IeCKOB iRJIJI,KOCTB BLICOKoro JI,aBJIeHBJI ,D;JI1I 06eCne'leHB1I
He06xo,D;HMOrO yCBJIH1I npeCCOBaHB1I B Te'leHBe Bcero I\BKJla BYJlKaHBSaI\IDI.
no OKOH'IaHBB BYJlKaHBSaI\BB cpa6aTLIBaeT peJIe BpeMeHB B nepeKJlIO'IaeT npecc
Ha OTKpLIBaHBe. nJIYHiRep npecca onYCKaeTC1I B B HBiRHeM nOJlOiReHBB BKJIIO'IaeT
TOJIKaTeJIB MexaHBSMOB nepeSap1lJI,tlHKa, KOTOpJ>le aBTOMaTH'leCKB BLlABBraIOT
OpMLI
BS npecca B OTKpLIBaIOT BX ,D;JI1I nepeSap1l,D;KB. CxeMa aBTOMaTBKB npecca npe,D;Y-
ClIfaTpBBaeT BOSMO>I\HOCTb OCYII\eCTBJleHB1I ,D;BYX npOMe)l(yTO'lHLIX nO,D;npeCCOBOK
)J;JI1I Y,D;aJleHH1I BOS,D;yxa BS npecc-
opM.
OTe'leCTBeHHMe SaBO,D;bI BLInYCKaIOT ,D;Jl1l KOMnJleKTOBaHHJI ByJlKaHBSaI\BOHHLIX
npeCCOB nepeSap1lJl,'l1lKB paSJlH'lHLIX TBnOB; TeXHH'leCKa1l xapaKTepHCTHKa BX npB-
BO,D;HTCJI B Ta6J1. 15.3.
Ha 'IeTLIpeXaTaiRHI>lX npeccax MOiRHO yCTaHaBJlBBaTb O,D;HH nepeSap1l,D;'IBK
777-031 npu O,D;HOCTOpOHHeM 06cJlymHBaHBB BJIB ,D;Ba TaKBX nepeSap1l,D;'IBKa npB 06-
CJIY)f,BBaHBB npecca C JI,BYX CTOpOH. B nepBOM CJIyqae nepeSap1l,D;'IBK 06cJlymHBaeT
527
:.t'a6Auqa 15.3. Te:uoneeK" xapauepBCTlUCa DepeaapaA....oB, BuoycKaeJllolX
Oft1Jeeue......... BIUIOA8IIII, e I'II,1QJODpllBOAOH 0'1' rJlAPOYCTaBOBKII upeeea
777-071 777-031 777-051
Haalla1JeBBe ...... )J;JIB Depeaa- )J;JIB D
eaaPIIAKB ,I(JIB Depeaa- ,I(JIB Depeaa-
p
1I ABYX- Dpecc- pM B Kae- PJlAJ(B Tpex- paAKR ABYX-
DJlIITBYX CeTax 1JeTYpex- DJlHTBYX DJlBTBYX
upecC1)oPIol; 9Ta)I(BJU upeCCOB; Dpecc-ioPM upecc-cJjoPM,
BeDOABII)I(BIII IlloIelOT BepTRKaJlb- Ba ABYX9Tam- Ba6HpaeMYx
Boe DepeM
eBBe BYX Dp8CCax B KacceTW
PaaMep KacceTY, 101M . . 600 x 600 600 x 600 600 x 600 600 x 600 ,
XOA OABoro 9Tama, MM 175
PaaMep upecc-()OpMY B
KaCCeTe, MM
WIBBa . . . 550 550 550 550
ompBBa . .. .. .. .. .. 550 550 550 550
BYCOTa . .. .. .. .. .. 30-40 30-40 40-80 40-80
,I(aBJleBBe IoIac.JIa B rllA-
pOCIICTey.e, Mila . . . 5 1,2 5 5
XOA Kaccem DPB BYABB- 675 695 695
meBBB, 101M .. .. .. .. .. 695
Y clUDle paa1>8Ma upecc-
!i0PIrIY, KH ..... 25 25 25 25
YroJi OTKpYTBa Kaccem, 70 70 85 85
rpaAYclII . . . . . . .
1JIICJIO 9Tamei, 06CJIyacR- 1-2
BaeMYX DepeaapSA'DIKOIol 1 1-4 1-2
ra6apllTBWe paaMepy, MM 2110 1260 1710 1710
WIIIBa .
IDIIplllla 2780 1100 1955 1955
BYCOTa 2230 2610 890 890
Macca, Kr . 419 455 820 820
noo'lepe
o '1eType 3Tama, BO BTOpOH CJIyqae - noo'lepe
o DO p;Ba 8Tam8
C Kamp;OH CTOpOBLI.
,nJlJl ABYX3TamllLIX DpeCCOB
eJleC006pa8HO YCTaHaBJlHBaTb Depe8apJl
BK
777-071 p;ByxnJlIITBLIx Dpecc
pH, B KOTOpOH OTCyTCTBYeT MexaHH8M nOp;'lteH8
no 8TamaM, a ynpaBJleHHe aBTOHaTll8HpOBaHO. npecc aBTOMaTH'leCKH paCKpYBaeTCJI,
KaCCeTY B
BHraIOTCJI H8 npecca H OTKpYBaIOTCJI P;JlJI Depe8apHp;KH. no OKOH'laHBH
Depe8apJlp;KH DpeccoB
Ba»aDIaeT KBOmcy, KaCCeTa aBTOHaTH'leCKB 88RplotBaeTCJI
B nop;aeTCJI B npecc.
B nocJlep;aee BpeHJI HaIDJlH npHMeHeHHe KapYCeJIbHye rup;paBJIB'IeCKBe DpeCCY-
DOJlyaBTOHaTY MnA, HsroTOBJlellHl>Ie no DpoeKTY BcecoI08Horo Ha}"DIO-BCCJlep;OBa-
TeJlbCKoro UHCTIITYTa BCKyccTBeBBoH KO)l(H.
3T11 npeCCY OCH
eHY Bpa
aIO
CJI CTOJIOM (KapyceJlbIO), Ha KOTOpOH no
OKpymaOCTH YCTaHOBJIeHO 18 DpeCC-T01JeK. npeCC-T01JKH 0p;a08TamHye, C DJlBTaMH
pa8MepoH 350 X 510 MH. nOp;a1Ja )l(Hp;KOCTII BYCOKOro p;aBJleHIIJI, napa B OTBOP;
KOHp;eHcaTa npOH8Bop;JtTCJI 1Jepe8 KOJlJleKTOp, HHmHJIJI 1JaCTb KOToporo Bpa
aeTCJI
co CTOJlOH. nJlIITY BMeIOT napoBoH 060rpeB. npOp;OJl)l(HTeJlbHOCTb
mma BYJlKamI-
8a
- OT 4 p;o 26 MBH; pe)l(BM HomHO H8HeHJlTb B 8aBHCBMOCTII OT 88,1J;aBBOH
npop;OJl)l(HTeJlbHOCTH BYJlKaHH8a
DyTeH H8MeHeHHJI 1JaCTOTY Bp
eHHJt CTOJl8
KapyceJlH npH nOHO
BapHaTopa.
Pa8pa60TaBJi[ KOHCTpyK
H KapyceJlbHoro npecca C 10, 24 H 32 npeCC-T01J-
KaMH. npecc
eJleC006pa8Ho HCnOJlb80BaTb B nOT01JHOH JlHBJIJiI. Ha HeM HomHO
BYJlKaHH80BaTb pe8UHOBye B8p;eJlHJI B p;ByX- B TPeX8Ta3(HYX
opHax. npH HCnOJlI>-
80BaHIDI TaKoro npecca HCKJlI01JaeTCJI DpHHeHeHHe
H8H'1eCKOrO Tpyp;a H DOBY-
528
maeTCJI npOBSBOp;BTeJlLHOCTL. Bce onepa
B, B TOH 'IBCJle SaKpl>lBaHBe B OTKpI>lBa-
HBe <}IOPH, BI>lp;BBraBBe BX npu nepeSapJlp;Ke B sap;BBraBBe, aBTOHaTBSBpOBaHI>I.
CxeHa aBTOHaTB'leCKOrO ynpaBJleHBJI BYJlKaBBSa
OBHI>IH 'IeTl>lpeX9TamHI>IM
npeCCOH C napOBI>IH 060rpeBOH nJlBT B rpynnOBI>IH rBp;ponpBBop;OH npBBep;eHa
Ha pBC. 15.10. 'YnpaBJleHBe
KJlOM BYJlKaHBsa
npOBSBOP;BTCJI KOH8.BP;H
H npB-
60POH 4 no sap;aBHoH nporpaHHe. ,naBJleHBe B rup;pOCBCTeMe KOHTpOJIHpyeTcJI
H8.BOHeTpOH 12. TeHnepaTypa TenJlOHOCBTeJlJl KOBTpOJlBPYeTCJI 11 peryJIHpyeTcJI
HaHOHeTpJl1leCKBH TepMOHeTpOH 2. npo
eccl>I sarpysKB B Bl>lrpYSKB Bsp;emm ocyl[(e-
CTBJlJlIOTCJI BPY'lHYIO.
3Ha'lBTeJlLHOe 'IBCJIO BYJlKaHBSaI\BOHHI>IX npeCCOB paSJlJl1lHOrO TBna BI>IUY-
ClCaeTCJI saBop;aMB qCCp B BHP. BOJlLmBHCTBO sapy6emHl>lx <}InpM Bl>lnYCKaeT
,t£
l ::t :!
!
I II
I l,foI ./ 7
, ,,W-
I I,
I II
I II
r-.J II
I II
I B I)
I II
: I
I I
K epl/nnoDou petyJlll.-
Pl/fOUJ.fU cmaHl1.lI.U
J
9
Cemb HIiJKOtO
10 tlaDJI(HlI.R
femb Db/fDNDeD
UadfleH/1.R
8 NaHaJlIiJal1.lil{}
PBC. 15.10. CxeMa aBTOMaTB'lecKOrO YDpaBJIeBBa BYJDtaBBaaI{BOIIIIbIU Dpec-
COM C .tUIYCTOPOBBBlol 06CJIymBBa&BeM:
1 - upecc; 2 - MaROMe1'pJl1lecKBtt TepMOMe1'p; 8 - a8uopBHe BeBTBna; 4 - KOM8Im-
HId UPBOop; S, 6 - CBrRlUll>RY8 JlaJmIoI; 1 - JIyCKOBye KHOUKB; 8, 1B - MaROMe1'pY;
9 - MpaTBJd ManaR; 10,11 - MeM6pllJlJDle MaUIlBY.
rBp;paBJlll'leCKBe ByJlKaHBsa
BOHBl>Ie npeccl>I KaK C rpynnOBI>IH, TaK B C BHP;BBB-
p;yaJlLHI>IH 9J1eKTpOrBp;paBJlB'leCKBM npBBOp;OH. YnpaBJleBBe npO
eCCOH BYJlKaHB-
S
aBTOHaTB'leCKOe.
,nJlJl COKpal[(eHBJI npop;OJlmBTeJlLHOCTB SaKpI>lB8.BBJI <}IOPH, 'ITO oc06eHHo,
BamBO npB pa60Te C BI>ICOKBMII TeHnepaTypaHB, Bl>lnYCKaIOTCJI npeccl>I C BepXHBM
paCnOJlOmeBlleH nJlYHmepa. ,nJlJl yCKopeHBJI SaKpl>lBaBJIJI Hap; nJlyamepoH pasHe-
l[(aeTCJI 6aK P;J1J1 rBp;paBJlH'leCKOH mBp;KOCTB. npll onYCKaBBB nJlyamepa
J1BBP;p
sanOJIBJleTCJI mBp;KOCTLIO liS 9Toro 6aKa. B peSYJlLTaTe nOBl>lmaeTCJI 6I>1CTPOXOP;-
HOCTL npecca. TaKBe npeccl>I BSrOTaBJlBBaIOT <}IBpHLI dIIoy», «nUpeJlJIB», «,naHBeJlLC1>
«nepKBBC» B p;p.
pJlP; <}IBpH P;J1J1 BYJlKaBBsa
B peSBBOTeXHB'leCKBX Bsp;eJlBH HapJlp;y C rBp;pa-
BJlB'leCKBMII npeccaHB Bl>lnYCKaeT pWlamHO-HeXaHB'leCKBe BYJlKaHBsa
BOHHl>le
npeccl>I C SaKpenJleHHI>IMB Ha nJlBTaX npecca npecc-<}IopHaHB. 061>1'1HO TaKBe
npeccl>I BMelOT He 60Jlee P;BYX 9TameH B cBa6meBLI HexaBBSHOH P;J1J1 BSHeHeHBJI
nOJlOmeBBJI cpep;HeH nJlBTI>I B OCTaJlLHI>IX nJlBT B SaBBCBMOCTB OT BI>ICOTI>I npecc-
<}IOPHI>I. no CpaBHeHBIO C fBp;paBJlB'leCKUMB 9TB npeccl>I 06J1ap;aIOT pJlP;OH TeXHB'le-
CKBX npeBH
eCTB. B 'IaCTHOCTB., OHB HeBLme nOTpe6J1J1IOT TenJlOBOH 9HeprBB,
34 SaKaa 163 529'
m.m ROmYXOH. BaBBa 060rpeBaeTCJI 3J1eRTpOHarpeB aTeJlLHYHB 3J1eHeBTaMB, Ro-
TOpye pa80rpeBaIOT HanOJlHJlIOII(UH ee paCTBOp COJlII lJ,0 160°C 3a 1,5-2 'I. Dpll
nOMOIl(H TepH03J1eHeHTa 3J1eKTpOHHLlH perYJlJlTOp nOlJ,AepmBBaeT 8alJ,aHHYIO TeMIIe-
paTYPY C TO'IHOCTLIO lJ,0 :t 1°C. ,l(J1J1 B3lJ,eJlBB B3 pe31U1Y Ha OCHOBe pa3J1B'I-
BYX KayqYROB peKOHeHlJ,yIOTCJI CJlep;yIOII(He TeHnepaTYpy pacnJlaBa:
RayqyIC
TeM1Jep8Typa,
°C He 60nee
240
300
300
260
220
HaTypaJlbHYB
B yraABeB-CTHpOJlbBblii
AKpBllOBBTpBJIbHYR .
XlloponpeB .....
STBlleB-DpODBJIeBoBYi
B Ka'leCTBe TenJlOHOCBTeJleB peKOHeHlJ,yIOTCJI paCnJlaBY COJleD CJlep;YIOII(ero
.cOCTaBa:
Conb CO)tepm8Blle,
Bee. %
KNO s . 53
NaN02 40
NaNOs 7
B HIImBeH 'IaCTB BaHHY UMeeTCJI mTyn;ep lJ,J1J1 cnYCRa paCnJlaBa B UapBiHLIii
npBeMHh1B: pe3epByap B cJlyqae nOJlBJleHBJI Teu B Ropnyce BaHBLI. B Bepmei
nOJlOBlUle BaRBY pacnOJlOmeHa TpaHCnOpTepHaJi J1eHTa B3 HepmaBeIOII(9i cnD,
ROTOpaJi npll lJ,OCTBmeHBII TeMDepaTYpY paCnJlaBa .160 °C H BWIIe norpymaeTCJI
CneD;llaJiLBLIM YCTPOHCTBOH B paCnJlaB B 06 pas yeT co CTeBKaMH BaBBY RaR OY
BYJlKaHll8an;uORBh1B: RaHaJi B Op;HOBpeHeBBO nepelJ,BBraeT BYJlRaHB3yeHoe H8lJ,eJlBe.
D pB CHJlTBII BJiB nap;eHBB HanpJlmeHBJI B 3J1eRTpB'leCROH ceTU CTaJiLHaJi J1eHTa
DO 1136emaBBe nOBpemlJ,eHBJI aBTOHaTD'leCRB nop;HBHaeTCJI.
TpaHCnOpTepHaJi J1eHTa B BaKKe npBBOp;BTCJI B lJ,BBmeHBe OT 3J1eKTpOp;BBra-
TeJlJl nO
TOJIBBOrO TORa C 6eccTyneB1JaTYM perYJlHpOBaBBeM 'IaCTOTY BP8ID;9HIIJI,
ynpaBJlJl9HOrO C nyJlLTa CBHXpOHHO C npUeMHLlH TpaHCnOpTepOM. 3J1eKTpOBarpeBa-
'l'eJlB, pacnOJlOmeHHye HalJ, TpaHCnOpTepHOH J1eBTOH, npelJ,ynpemp;aIOT KpBCTaJIJlB-
8an;mo pacnJl8.Ba. OBB BRJlIO'IaIOTCJI TOJILKO BO BpeHJI p;BBmeHIIJI J1eHTLI. H3BJle1JeH-
Hoe B3 Bamn.t B3p;eJlUe nOp;HHMaeTCJI BBepx, 1JT06L1 pacTBop COJIB CTeKaJl B BaHHY.
Do BYXOp;e B3 BaHHLI BYJlKaHB30BaKKye H3lJ,eJlBJI nocTynaIOT B oXJlamp;aIOII(yIO
D CymBJlLHyIO YCTaHOBKY 4 (CM. pBC. 15.13), OTp;eJlLHO nOKa8aHByIO Ha pRC. 15.14.
B 3TOH YCTaHOBKe C 118p;eJlIIJI BOP;OH B8
OpCYHOR 2 CML1BaeTCJI nJleHKa COJlB, OCTaB-
maJlcJI Ha H
nocJle BLlxop;a D3 COJlJlBOH BaHHY. Bop;a D;IIPRYJlBpyeT B BaBBe npB
nOHOIl(B Bacoca 3. DpB Beo6xop;BHOCTB Bop;a HomeT 6YTL nop;orpeTa 3J19RTpOHarpe-
BaTeJleH 4. OTMI>ITOe 113p;eJlBe nocTynaeT B CyIDllJlLHYIO 'IaCTL 5 YCTaHoBKB, rp;e
OHO 06p;y8aeTCJI CmaTLIH B03P;YXOH, nop;aBaeHYM BeHTBJlJlTOpOM 6, cmmaIOD1BH
Bce KanJiB BOP;Y, OCTaBmBeCJI Ha B3p;eJlHB.
BycymeBBoe B3p;eJlBe nocTynaeT Ha npOTJlrBBaIOII(BH BaJlIIK 7 C npBmHMHYH
BaJlIIKOH 8, ROTOpye npBBop;JlTCJI B p;BBmeBBe OT 3JleKTpOlJ,BBraTeJlJl 9 nOCTOJUlHOrO
TORa, pa60TaIOII(erO CBHXpOHHO C OCTaJlLHLIMH 3J1eRTpOlJ,BBraTeJlJlMB YCTaHoBKB.
Moe'lllO-cymDJlLBaJi 'IaCTL YCTaHOBKB pa3MeIl(aeTCJI B Op;HOH TenJlOB30JlHpyIOII(eM
D 3aIl(BTBOM Komyxe C BaHHOH.
Henocpep;cTBeKKo 3a CymllJlLBOH yCTaHoBKoH pa3HeIl(eH OT60po'lllYH TpaHcnop-
Tep (pBC. 15.15), cHa6meBHYH npOTJlrBBaIOII(BMB pOJlBKaHB 1, KOTOpye npop;BB-
raIOT B3p;eJlBe Ha J1eHTO'IHLIH TpaHcnopTep 2 P;J1BHOH 4 M. Ha 3TOM TpaHcnopTepe
npOB3BOP;BTCJI ROHTpOJIL 11 pa30paKoBKa U3p;eJlUH. D pH Heooxop;BMOCTH OT60po'l-
HLIU TpaHCnOpTep MomeT 6YTL cHa6meH OTMepBBaIOID;HM YCTPOHCTBOH 3, a TaKme
OT03J1eMeHTOH 4 C pemYID;BH YCTPOHCTBOH 5 B npBeHBLIM CTOJIBROM P;J1J1 CKJlalJ,Y-
BaHM U3lJ,eJlBH onpep;eJleHHOH p;J1BHY. B 3TOH cJlyqae TpaHCnOpTep 2 B HeCTe YCTa-
HOBKB pemYID;ero YCTpoHcTBa pa3p;eJlJleTCJI, B 3a)XBJIJI 1JaCTL - J1eHTO'lllh1B: TpaHc-
532
DopTep 6 HHeeT HeCKOJlbKO 60JlbmyIO CKOpOCTb, 'IeM TpaHcnopTep 2. Upu aTOH
06
aJl AJlUHa oT60pO'lHOrO YCTpOD:CTBa YBeJlU'IUBaeTCJI AO 5 H.
OT60pO'lHOe YCTpOD:CTBO npUBOAUTCJI B ABUiReHUe OT aJleKTpOABUraTeJlJl nOCTO-
JlHHOrO TOKa C perYJlUPyeHOD: 'IaCTOTOD: Bpa
eHUJI. BLlD:AJI us oroopo'llloro YCTpOD:-
CTBa, USAeJlue (ecJlu OHO He pemeTCJI Ha KYCKU) nocTynaeT Ha HaHOTO'lllOe YCT-
POD:CTBO.
cDupHa «TpeCTep» BLlnYCKaeT yCTaHoBKU AJlJI BYJlKaHUSan;UU mnpUU;OBaHHLlX
USAeJlUD: B paCnJlaBaX COJleD: C 'IepBJI'IHLlHU HamUHaMU C 'IepBJlKOH AuaHeTpOH OT
60 AO 150 MM U 06
eD: HOJu;HOCTbIO OT 41 AO 274 KBT.
TeXHH'leCKaJl xapaKTepUCTUKa J1I1BUD: AJlJI HenpepLlBHoro mnpuu;eBaHUJI,
BaKYYHupoBaHUJI U BYJlKaHUSau;uu B paCnJlaBaX cOJleD:, BblnYCKaeHLlX OTe'leCTBeH-
HOD: npOMblmJleHHOCTbIO U saBOAaHU qCCp, npUBOAUTCJI B Ta6J1. 15.4.
Ta6Aulla 16.4. TeXBH'IecKaa xapaKTepaCTBKa nHuii, BbJoYCK8eMI>IX B CCCP H 1fCCP,
WJa Beupepl>lBBoro DpoRBBOACTBa mnp
OB8IIIII>IX RB
emlii
JIHBC-63 * JIHBC-90 * JIHBC-125 *
HBAeKC MamHBY 634141 634121 634131
TRD O
B01J:epBJI1J:BOii MallDl-
BY . . . . . . . . . . MqXB-63 MqXB-90 MqXB-125
)J;HaMeTp 1IepBJlKa, MM 63 90 125
n pOH3Bo
RTellbBocTb llHBml, 20-80
Kr/'I . . . . . . . . . . 90-350 150-600
TeMDepaTypa BynKaBH3a- 170-250
D;HB,oC ........ 160-240 160-240
Pa601J:aJl CKOpOCTb TpaBcnop-
TBPyIOlII;HX YCTPORCTB,
M/MHH . . . . . . . 0,6-12 1.5-15 1.5-15
illBpHHa TpaBCnOpTepa, MM 150 150 150
Pacxo
, M3/'I . . . . . . .
oXJIa)I(AalOlII;eR BOAY . . 2,0 2,6 3,6
cmaToro B03Ayxa . . . 8.5 8,5 8,5
Pa601lHii 061>eM COJIBBOR
BaBBY, M3 . . 0.2 0.26 0.38
06111;811 MOIII;BOCTb, KBT
aneKTpO
BHraTenei . . 41 69 87,3
311eKTpoBarpeBaTellei 57,6 81,6 122,4
fa6apRTBble pa3Mepy, 101M 18 000 22 125 26 900
JIBBa , .
mupHHa 2520 3200 3500
BblCOTa . . . . . . 2670 3000 3000
Macca, T . . . . . . . 10,2 13.2 16.6
· JIRHBJI, BblDYCKaeMaa B CCCP,
.. JIHBK", BWYCKaeMaa B qCCP.
U68. D2 **
44692 n2
90
300'
0-30'
55
21 000
2800
1720
9,0
MeTOA BYJlKaHUSau;uu mnpuU;oBaHHblx uSAeJlUD: B paCnJlaBaX cOJleD: UHeeT pJl
.
npeuMYl[(eCTB nepeA BYJlKaHUSaU;UeD: ux B napOBOD: UJIU BOSAyIDHOD: cpeAe. OH xa-
paKTepusyeTCJI 60Jlee BblCOKUM Koa<}l<}luu;ueHTOM TenJlonepeAa'IH, BOSHOiRHOCTblO
nOBblmeHUJI TeHIIepaTypLl BYJlKaHUSau;uH AO 300 °C U mupOKUH AuanasoHoH ee pe-
rYJlUpOBaHUJI OT 150 AO 300 °C B saBUCUHOCTU OT peu;enTa peSIIBOBOD: CHecu U npo-
<}IUJlJI uSAeJlUJI, OTCYTCTBueH onepaU;UH onYAPUBaHUJI, aKOHOMBeD: npOU3BOACTBeH-
HOD: nJlo
aAu. KpOMe Toro, B cOJlJlHoii BaHHe HO)l(HO BYJlKaHUSOBaTb sa BblCOKUX
CKOpOCTJlX TOHKOCTeHHble HSAeJlHJI, B TOM 'IHCJle U HS CHeCeD: C HHSKOD: nOJlJlpHOCTbl()
(KOTopbIe He peKoHeHAyeTCJI BYJlKaHHSOBaTb Ha HHKpOBOJlHOBOD: YCTaHOBKe), a TaKm&'
BYJlKaHHSOBaTb npo<}lHJlU HaJlOrO ce1leHHJI UJIH C HeTaJlJlH'IeCKHHH BCTaBKaHH.
K HeAOCTaTKaM COJlJlHLlX BaHH HOiRHO OTHeCTH BOSHOiRHOCTb Ae<}lopHaU;HJiI'
npo<}lHJlJI HaJlOD: iReCTKOCTH H CJlOiRHOrO Ce'leHBJI, oco6eHHO nopHCTbIX USAeJlHD:"
5:\4
'TpY
OCTIt uOJluoro YAaJleUBJI OCTaTROB COJIB BS UpO
BJleB: cJlomuoro Ce'leUIIJI 11
1IeROTOpyIO OnaCHOCTIt AJlJI 06CJlymBBaIO
erO UepCOHaJla, pa60TaIO
erO C TenJlOHO-
CBTeJleM, HarpeTl>IM AO BYCOKOB: TeMUepaTYplaI.
HeKOTOpOB: paSHOBBAHOCTItIO YCTaHOBOR AJlJI BYJlKaHBSal\HB B paCnJlaBaX
COJleB: JlBJlJleTCJI YCTaHOBKa «CnpaicoJlT» - COJlepaS6p1aI3rBBaIO
aJl YCT8.HOBKa
BpMbI «nBpeJlJlB - ):\aHJlOn». OHa npeACTaBJlJleT co60B: TyBHeJlIt, B KOTOpOM
nepeABBraeTCJI BYJlKaHB3yeMYB: npO
BJlIt 6es norpymeHBJI ero B BaHHY C pacnJla-
80M. HSAeJlBe KaK 6Y nJlYBeT Ha JleHTe, paCnJlaB COJIB naAaeT Ha HerO B BBAelAyma,
ClTO BCKJlIO'IaeT B03MomUOCTb Ae
opMaU;HH npOIflHJHJ.
12
PHC. 15.16. CxeMa YCTaBOBKB Anll BeDpepYBBOi BYllKaBB3aD;BB Tpy60K B cpe,u;e BhlCOKOKBnJl-
lD;ero opraBB'leCKOrO TeUllOBOCBTeJIJI:
1 - Bym<aBH3aQIIOHHaR KaMepa; 2 - QJlJJBa.np BynKaBH3al:\BOBRoft KaMephl; 3 - fiapa6aR; 4 - '1epBRK; S -
8MeeBBK: 6 - O'IHCTBTenb8h\1t naT»OH; 1 - UO.Irl>eMBhIA MeXaBB8M; 8 - Oxna,nBTeJJbK8JI K8Mepa; 9. 13 - BaKBY;
10 - Kacoc; 11 - JIpBBOA; 12 - PeJtYKTOP; 14 - cymBJIKa; IS - R8MOTOqKhIA 6apafiaH.
Arper8T AU HenpepblBHOH nYJlK8HBaa...... n cpeAe BOT. ArperaT (pHC. 15.16)
AJlJI HenpepLIBHoro mnpBl\eBaHBJI B BYJlKaHBSaI\UB pe3BHOBbIX Tpy60K C HapymHY
{
ABaMeTpOM 16 MM paSpa60TaH HHHP. BYJlKaHBsal\BJI npOBCXO,D;BT B KaMepe 1
B cpeAe BYCOKORBnJllI\erO OpraHll'leCROrO TenJlOHOCBTeJlJl (BOT) C TeMnepaTYPOB:
140 °C. ):\JlJI coxpaHeHHJI IfIOpMY BHYTPb TPy6RB nOAaeTCJI CmaTYB: BOSAYX nOA
,D;aBJleHBeM 0,101-0,103 Mlla. rOTOBaJi Tpy6Ka nocJle OXJlamAeHBJI B BaHHe 13
B CymKB B cymHJlKe 14 HaPflaTYBaeTCJI Ha 6apa6aH 15.
Y CT8HOBKII AU HenpepblBHoii BYJIK8HBS8I\HB wnpBU;OBaHHblX BS,D;eJIHB: npH
nOMOm;B MBKpoBOJlH. B nOCJIeAHHe rOAY npHMeHeHBe MHKpOBOJlH B pe3HHoBoii:
npOMymJleHHOCTB 3Ha'IBTeJlbHO B03pOCJlO KaK ,D;JlJI npe,D;BapBTeJlbHOrO nOAorpeBa
3arOTOBOK nepe,D; BYJlKaHBSal\Heii:, TaR B AJlJI ocym;ecTBJleHBJI caMoro npOI\eCca
BYJlKaHB3aI\BB. <DBpMY «Bep
TOIfIIfI», «TpecTep» B AP. BynYCKaIOT npOMb1mJleHHlaIe
535
OXJIamAeBBe B3AeJIBH no BLlXOAe ero B3 TYHHeJIbHOU ne'lB OT 200 AO 80 °C
npoB3BoAIITCH B OXJIa*AaIO
eu BOAHHOU Bane. 3a BaBHOU B3AeJIBe nOAHIIMaeTCJI
BBepx, '!T06L1 C Hero CTeKJIa BOAa, a OCTaBmBeCH KanJIB BOALI CAYBaIOTCH cmaTIDI
B03AYXOM. BLlmeAmee B3 TYHHeJIbHOU ne'lB B3AeJIBe nOCJIe OXJIamAeHBH pemeTCJI
Ha KYCKB BJIB KaMaTLlBaeTCH Ha 6apa6aK aHaJIOrB'lHO TOMY, KaK 8TO AeJIaeTCH Ha
YCTaKOBKax BYJIKaHB3a
BB B paCnJIaBaX COJIeu.
TeXHH'leCKaH xapaKTepBCTBKa MBKpOBOJIHOBOU YCTaHOBKB .pBpMLI cBep-
TOP
» npBBOABTCH KBme:
IIpOR3B0ART911bBOCTI>, Kr/'l . . . . . . . . .
PaaM8p npo(lBlla, MM . . . . . . . . . . . .
CKOpOCTb TpaBcnOpTepa npB
aMeTpe B3AellBJI
AO 40 101M, M/MHB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
)J;uanaaoB perYllBpoBaBRJI CKopoCTei . . .
qac1'OTa KOJIe6amrii BOJIBOBOAa, Mf
. . .
MaKcRM8JIbBaJi TeMDepaT)'pa B03AYxa, °C .
PacxoA BOAK, 111'1 . . . . . . . . . . . .
PacxoA BoaAYxa DPB AaBJIeBRR 0,2 MIla, M3/'1
MOBTIDRBaJi ,!I;JIBBa JIBBDB, 101M .....
MOIIUIOCTI>, KBT
MHKpoBOllBOBOii YCTa&OBKB . . . . .
pacxoAYeMaJI Ba o60rpeB BOllBOBOAa
pacxoAYeMaJI Ba 060rpeB Boap;ymBoro KaBalla
T)'BBellI>BOii ne'IR, 1(BT
06
aJl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Macca, T . . . . . . . . . . . .
130
30x30
30
1: 30
2450
200
180
8
11500
2 x 2,5
7,5
15
33.6
2,8
3
eKTBBHOCTb pa60TLI MDKpOBOJIHOBLlX YCTaHoBoK 3aBBCBT OT AB8JIeKTpB-
'IeCKBX nOKa3aTeJIeU KaY'IYKoB B HanOJIHBTeJIeu. IIOSTOMY pe
enTLI pe311H0BLlX
cMeceu AOJImHLI COCTaBJIHTbCH C yqeToM SToro 06CTOHTeJIbCTBa.
IIpeDfYlIl;ecTBOM MBKpOBOJIHOBIIIX YCTaHoBoK AJIH HenpepLlBHoi BYJIKaBB3a-
I\BB mnpBJJ;OBaBlILIX B3AeJIBU HBJIJleTCH 6L1CTpaH B paBHoMepHaH ByJIKaHB3a
BH
np<HPBJIeu 60JIbmOrO Ce'leHBH, He3Ha'IBTeJIbHaH Ae.popMa
BH npo.pBJIH Aame npB
MaJIOU ero mecTKocTB, B03MomHOCTb nOJIyqeHBH 'IBCTLIX BYJIKaHB30BaHHLlx B3Ae-
.JIBU, 1'D6KOe perYJIBpOBaHBe TeMnepaTYPLl BYJIKaHB3aI\BB, nOBhlDIeHHaH npOBSBO-'
BTeJIbKOCTb TpYAa B He60JIbmaH nJIO
aAb, 3aHBMaeMaH YCTaHOBKOU.
K HeAocTaTKaM MBKpOBOJIHOBLlX YCTaHOBOK CJIeAyeT OTHeCTB TO, '!TO Ha HBX
MomHO 8
KTBBHO BYJIK8.BB30BaTb TOJIbKO npo.pBJIB B3 pe311H0BOU CMeCB C 60JIb-
mBM cOAepmaHBeM nOJIHpHLlX nOJIBMepOB B HanOJIBBTeJIeU B HeJIb3H BYJIKaHB30-
BaTl> pe3BHOMeTaJIJIB'IeCKBe nP<HPBJIB. KpOMe Toro, BMeeTCH onaCHOCTb OKBCJIeHBJI
HeKO'l'OpLlX peslIHoBLlx cMeceu Ha OCHOBe HaTypaJIbHOrO KayqYKa.
JlaBBB AU ByJIIC8HH3
BB mnpH
OBaKHItIX H I'YO'l8TItIX BSAeJlBi B nCeBAOO)KB-
)KeHHON cnoo. MeToA BYJlKaHB3a
HB pesHHoBLlX H3AeJIBU B nceBAoO)KB)KeHHOM
CJIoe npBMeHHeTcH B pe3BHoBoU npOMhlDIJIeHHOCTB HeAaBHo, oAHaKo BMeIOTCH
BeCK Be OCHOBaHBH C'IBTaTb ero BeCbMa nepcneKTBBHLlM.
IICeBAOO)KBmeHHLlu CJIOU, npBMeHHeMLlU B pe3BHOBOM npOB3BOACTBe, npeACTa-
BJIHeT c060u BSBeCb Brase TBepALlX KepaMB'leCKBX 'IaCTBIJ; - MeJIKBX CTeKJIJlHHLlX
mapBKOB UB neCKa. ,D;BaMeTp 8TBX mapBKOB BJIB 'IaCTB
neCK a 0,127-0,254 MM.
nceBAOOmB)KeHHLlU CJIOU C03AaeTCH nYTeM nponYCKaHBH BHepTHLlX ra30B (HanpB-
{ep, aSOTa) 'Iepe3 nopBCTLle nJIaCTBHKB, Ha KOTOpLlX HaXOAHTCH mapBKB BJIB neCOK.
IIJIacTIIHKB KpenHTCH B HBmHeu 'IaCTB KOJIOHHLI, rAe npOBCXOABT ByJIKaHBsa
BH.
mapBKB, COCTaBJIHIO
Be nceBAoomBmeHHLlu CJIOU, nOMepmBBaIOTCH BO BSBemeH-
ROM COCTOHHHB AaBJIeHBeM ra3a, nocTynaIO
ero B KOJIOHHy CHB3Y. mapBKB B cTPye
ra3a npB06peTaIOT nOABB)KHOCTb B BeAYT ce6H nOA06HO )KBAKOCTHM.
BYJIKaHB3yeMaH pe3BHOBaH sarOTOBKa nponYCKaeTCH 'Iepe3 nceBAoomBmeHHLlU
CJIOU aBaJIOrB'IHO TOMY, KaK 8TO AeJIaeTCH npB BYJIKaHB3a
BB B3AeJIBU B BaBKe
BOAOU. nceBAoomBmeHHLlU CJIOU, COCTOH
BU B3 mapBKOB, HarpeTLlX SJIeKTpo-
aarpeBaTeJIHMB, HBJIHeTCH CPPAOU, 06eCne'lBBaIO
eu paBHOMepHoe pacnpeAeJIeHBe
537
TeDJla B D8AeJIJilJil D 6L1CTpLlU ero HarpeB. Ilo cpaBHeHDIO C B08AYXOM DCeBAOO)l(JI-
meHRLlU CJlOU 06J1aAaeT 60Jlee BLICOKOU TeDJlOnpOBOAROCTbIO, DOaTOMY BYJlKaRD-
8aD;DH B ReM D8AeJlDU npODCXOADT 6L1CTpee, qeM B BosAyxe.
BYJlKaRD8aD;DSI DSAeJlDU B nceBAoomDmeRROM cJI
e nOSBOJIHeT COSAaTb Renpe-
pLlBHLlU npOD;ecc. KpOMe Toro, nceBAoomDmeHHLlU CJlOU 06J1aAaeT XDMJI1IeCKOB
DHepTHOCTbIO, 6esonaceH B pa60Te D He sarpH8HHeT D8AeJlDH.
IlpOAOJlmDTeJlbHOCTb BYJlKaHDSaD;DD perYJlDpyeTcH nYTeM -yMeHbmeHDH DJiK
YBeJlDqeHDH CJlOH mapDKOB. IlpDMeHHeMoe AaBJleHDe rasa (0,2-0,3 MIla) SlBJlHeTCJI
z
Pac. 15.18. CxeMa YCTaBOBKB AJlsr
BYJIKa&BaaQltlt umPBD;OBa&BYX lta
e-
mm B DC8BAOO)I(JDReHBOM c.JIoe !}iRploIY
«POC8T-DpeccoBt. (AarJIBJI):
1 - ronoBKa OABOqepBINBott M8JIIBIIW; 2 -
C'l>eMBall KplollllKa moKa; , -
pne-
CKM ceKIUIII KOJIOBB1i; 4, 8 - JIPOKn8JtIUl;
S - 1'py60UpOBOA Ami aaUonReIlllJlICOJlOBB1i;
8 - tjlnaBQY; , - Kop06Ka; 9 - KmUlU;
10 - peaepByap.
J
AOCTaT01lBLI
1 AJiH YAaJleHDH DS D8AeJlDU B08Ayxa D JleTyqDX. ,D;JlH BYJlKaRDSaD;DII
D8AeJlDU B n('.eBAOOmDmeHHOM cJloe npDMeHHIOTCH BepTlIKaJlbHLle D rOpDSOHTaJlbHLle
YCTaHOBKB.
HCXOAH BS TOrO, qTO C yBeJlDqeHDeM BLICOTLI CJlOH BOSpaCTaeT AaBJleHBe
D COSAalOTCSI 6J1arOnpDHTBLle YCJlOBBH BYJlKaHHSaD;HB, 6L1J1a CKOHCTPynpOBaHa
KOJlOBBa BLICOTOU AO 6 M D ADaMeTpOM 76 MM AJiSI BYJlKaBDSaD;DD TOHKBX AJlBH-
HLIX DSAeJlDB. YKasaRIIHM MeTOAoM BYJlKaHBSyIOTCH TPy6KD, PYKaBa, Ka6eJlb-
BLle D ,tq)yrHe BSAeJlWl. 3TOT MeTOA DpDMeHHeTCH TaKme AJiH HarpeBa cpoPM.
HeKOTopLle sapy6emHLle .pBPMLI BLlnYCKaIOT YCTaHOBKD, AeiicTByIOID;Be no
aTOMY MeTOAY. B qaCTHOCTD, BepTDKaJlbHLle H ropDSOHTaJlbHLle YCT8BOBKH TaKoro
TDna BLlnYCKaeT .pDpMa «PoceT-IlpeccoH) (AHrJlHH). CXeMaTDqeCKHU paspes
BepTBRaJlbHOU YCTaHOBKD aTOB .pDPMLI AJiH BYJlK8.HDSaD;H1I mnpDD;oBaHBLlX D3AeJiri
B nceBAoomDmeBHOM cJloe nOKa8aH Ha pBC. 15.18.
Y CTaHOBKa npeACTaBJIHeT co6ou KOJlOHBY DS qeTLlpeX ceKD;BB ADaMeTpOM 76 I\IM
D AJlBHOU 1,8 M, coeABBeHBLIX Ha .pJlaHD;ax 6. KOJlOHHa MOHTDPyeTCH BaA rOJlOBKOB
mnpDD;-MamDHLll. HDmHHH qaCTb KOJlOHHLI COCTODT D8 Kopo6KD 7, cJlymam;ei AJiSI
CMeHLI MyIfAllITYKa, sanpaBKD mnpDD;oBaBHoB 8arOTOBKD B YCTaHOBKY D npOBepKD
CeqeHDH HeBYJlKaHHSOBaBBoro npo.pDJlH. CTeKJlHHllHe mapDKD HaxOAHTCH B pesep-
538
Byape 10 0 no Tpy60npoBoP;y 5 MorYT 61>11'1> nop;aHbI B KOJIOHHy. no OKOHtlaHliUl
D;OKJIa pa60TbI mapDRII BHOBb nocTynaIOT B peaepByap tlepe3 KJIanaH 9.
B BepTOKaJIbHblX YCTaHOBKaX mnpBD;OBaHBbIe 3arOTOBKB BYJIKaHRSYIOTCH nop;
aBJIeHHeM 0,1 Mna, p;ocTaroqHblM P;JIH npep;OTBpaID;eHBIi nopBCTOCTJiI B rOTOBblX
Jil3AeJIHHX.
OTeqeCTBeHBOi npOMblmJIeHHOCTbIO BblnYCKaeTCH JIJilHBH 634061 P;JIH B3rOTO-
BJIeHOH H BYJIKaHB3aD;BO pa3JIBqHblX ry6qaTblX pe3Ji1HOBblX npo.pJilJIei (B TOM qBCJIe
B nOJIblx) HenpepblBHblM cnoc060M B neBp;ooammeHHOM CJIoe, KOTOpbli nOJIyqaeTCH
B pe3YJIbTaTe npop;YBaHBH B03p;yxa qepe3 CJIoi KBapD;eBoro neCKa.
B COCTaB JIBHBJiI BXOP;HT Op;HOqepBHqHaH MamBHa MQT-90 C YHOBepCaJIbHOi
rOJIOBKOi; MaIDBHa P;JIH onyp;pRBaHBH pe3BHOBoro npo.pBJIH cycneH3Bei TaJIbKa;
BYJIKaHB3aTOp HenpepblBHoro p;eiiCTBBH; YCTpoicTBO P;JIH OXJIamp;eHJilH; CTaHOI\ P;JIH
peaKH BYJIK'aHB30BaHHblX npo.poJIeii Ha OTpe3KJiI Tpe6yeMoR P;JIOHbI, a TaKme raao-
p;Y.BKa C CBCTel\lOi B03P;YXOBOp;OB. JIBHBH ooopyp;yeTcH BblTHmHoi BeHTBJIHD;BeR.
TeXHJiI1IeCKaH xapaKTepJilCTBKa JIBHBB 634061 npBBOp;JilTCH Home:
IIPOU3Bo ellhHOCTh, Kf / 'I
Pa3Mep 'IaCTU[\ DeCKa, 101M
Macca neCKa, Kr . . . . .
TeMnepaTypa BYllKaHR3a[\RR, C '"
IIPOAoJ))I(UTeJIbBOCTb DYllKaHUaa[\UR, MIIB ... .
TO'lHOCTh perYllupoBaHHJI TeMnepaTYPY DceBAO-
O)f(ft)f(eHBOfO CllOJl, C . . . . . . . . . . . .
CKOPOCTh mnpHD;eBaHHJI, M/MIIB . . . . . . . . .
qUCllO OABOBpeMeBBO mnpB[\yeMblx Dpo(lRlleii
PaaMep npoc)ullupoBaHHoii pe3RHY, MM . . . . .
PacxoA B03AYxa, 1013/'1
B anDapaTe DpU 250 °C . . . . . . . .
B OXllaARTellhBOM YCTpoRcTBe npu 20 C
EMKOCTb BaRHY onYAPHBaHIIJI, 11 . . . .
TeltfDepaTypa cycDeB3HH TallhKa, C . . .
06JqaJl MOID;HOCTh, KBT
311eKTpOp;BBraTelleii . . . . . . . . .
311eKTpoRarpeBaTellei 11 KaJIOpII(lepoB
fa6apHTHble 1)a3Mepbl, MM
p;JlIlHa .
illHpUHa
BIllCOTa
Macca, T
50
0,2-0,4
338
170-250
2-10
:!:3
0,5-5
1-3
3,5-80
1220
900
30
60-80
160
63.2
18 440
1890
2750
14,1
15.3.5. 06oPYAOBaHMe Anft HenpepblBHOH BynKaHHsau.HH
npopeSHHeHHblX TKaHeH H TOHKMX KanaHAPOBaHHblX
'peSHHOBbiX nonOTeH
,D;JIH HenpepbIBHOD: BYJIKaHJil3aD;JiIJiI npope3BHeHHI>IX TKaHeR JiI TOHKBX KaJIaHp;pO-
BaHHhlX pe3JilHOBI>IX nOJIOTeH B JIBCTOB npHMeHHIOTCH pOJIIIKOBhle BYJIKaHJil3aD;JilOHHble
KaMepbl, BYJIKaHJil3aTopbl 6apa6aHHoro TJilDa, YCTaHOBKJiI C npJilMeHeHBeM JilH.ppa-
KpaCHhlX JI8Mn R YCTaHOBKII C BYJIKaHII3aD;HeR ABJilmYID;eicH TKaHO B nceBp;oomBmeH-
HOM CJIoe.
POJIIIKOBltle ByJIK8HJi138D;110HHltle K8Mepltl HenpepltlBHOrO AeacTBHII. CxeMa
TaKOR KaMephl DOKa3aHa Ha pRC. 15.19. TKaHb 12 npoxop;BT KaMepy, orB6aH po-
JIHKO 2 119, JiI npHHHMaeTcH HaMOTOqHLIM YCTPORCTBOM 7. B03P;YX nop;aeTCH B KaMepy
BeHTBJIHTOpal\1B 1 R 4, npBBop;lDfblMJiI B p;BHmeHBe aJIeKTpOp;BBraTeJIeM 6 qepea
npHBop;HOi BaJI 3, B npOXOAlilT qepe3 Tpy6qaTble KaJIOpB.pepbl 10 B 13. Ropnyc 8
KaMepbl pa3p;eJIeH neperopop;KaMJilll iii 14 Ha TpJil CeKD;RJiI: A, B B B. B ceKD;BJI A
TKaHb HarpeBaeTCH p;o TeMnepaTYPhl BYJIKaHB3aD;m, B ceKD;BR B npOBCXOP;BT
BYJIKaHB3aD;BH TKaHB, B ceKD;Bo B TKaHb OXJIamp;aeTCH p;o TeMnepaTypbl 40-
50°C.
539
,D;JIH BLlpaBHBBaBBH TeMnepaTypLl B K8Mepe YCTaHOBJIeHLI
IiIPKYJIHD;HOHHLle
BeHTIiIJIHTOpLl 5, 00ecne
IiIB8IO
e D;HPKYJIH
BosAYxa P;JIH BHTesclilc)DRa
npo
ecca nepep;a
1iI TenJIa TKaHB.
CKOPOCTI> p;BlilmeHIiIH TKaHB B KaMepe COCTaBJIHeT OOI>l1lHO 6-12 M/MBH, npo-
p;OJImIilTeJII>HOCTI> npeoLlBaHBH TKaHIiI B KaMepe 30-60 MIfB. raoapliITH KaMepLl
24 X 3,6 X 2,6 M, npOJilSBOp;IiITeJII>HOCTI> 360-720 M/q.
10 "
/2
/3 I.,
9'
o "0 (,0 1.0 10 ,(0 r;, 0
o@
@@ I
@@
@@
000000
,.-
--
I
6
t t
8
--
o 0
t t
6
s
Of 3
PRC. 15.19. POJIBROBaB Koepa ,!I;JIJI BeDpepYBBoii ByJIKaBB3aqBlt 06peaBBeHBYX TRa&ei:
1, 4 - BeIlTlJJlJl'1'OPU Ami uOAau ropJl1lero B03.Qyxa; 8 - IImIUIBA PIIA POJIBKOB; I - IIpDOltROtt Ban; S - I.IIIP-
RYmlltIIOBBJd BeBTIIJIJITOp; 6 - eJleKTpOABararem. IIpHBolta BeBTBmITOpoB 1 B 4; , - BaMOTOUoe YCTPOACTBO;
8 - 1C0PUyc R8Mepu; 9 - BePXllldt lIRA ponIIKOB; 10, II - 1'py6qaTlole RanopB4lepu; 11, 14 - ueperopoAKB;
18 - TRam.; A, B, B - cellltllH R8JlePU.
B HaCTOH
ee BpeMH BYJIKaHIiISaD;HoHHLle KaMepLl S8MeHHIOTCH OOJIee npoJils-
BOp;JilTeJII>HLlM OOOPyp;OBaHlileM, HanpJilMep BYJIKaslilsaTOpaMJI oapaoaHHOro TJilna.
POT
IiIOBJIYe (oapa08BBye) ByJIlC8BBSaTOpY HenpepYBHOrO p;eiCTBBH. B OTe-
qeCTBeHHOH peSBHOBOH npOMLlmJIeHBOCTH mlilpOKOe paCnpOCTpaHeHlile nOJIyqJilJIIiI
pOTaD;HOHHLle BYJIKaHBSaTOpLl, IiISrOTaBJIIiIBaeMLle SaBOp;OM «DYSYJIyK» (qCCP)
B c)liIpMOH «BepCTOpc)c)) (cI>pr). IIpJlBD;HIl paOOTLI 9TIiIX BYJIKaHliISaTOpOB OCHOBaS
Ha TOM, qTO nQp;JIem
ee BYJIKaIilIlSa
nOnOTHO MaTeplilaJIa npOnYCKaeTCH Memp;y
oapaoaHOM, HarpeBaeMLIM: napOM, JiI CTaJII>HOH JIeHTOH, nplil nOMO
1iI KOTOPOH MaTe-
plilaJI nJIOTHO npB)KID{aeTCH K nOBepXHOCTH oapaoasa iii, OrliloaH ero, BYJIKaHJiI-
ayeTcH iii HaMaTLlBaeTCH sa nplileMBOe YCTPOHCTBO.
Oo
Hii BJilP; pOT8D,II0HBoro ByJIKaBBSaTOpa 14480 S8Bop;a «BysYJIYK» (qCCP)
nOKasaH Ha pJilC. 15.20. Ha CTaBJIBaX 1 YCTaHOBJIeHLI nOAJIIJilDBIIKIiI KaqeHIiIH,
B KOTOpLlX paOOTaIOT TPIil BaJIa - 9, 10, 14. Ha 9TIiIX BaJIaX HaTHHYTa CTaJII>HaH ceT-
qaTaH JIeHTa 9, OOJIOmeHBaH peslIBoH. 38ABBii BaJI 14 MomeT nepeMe
aTI>CH B ro-
plilSOHTaJII>HOM HanpaBJIeHBB, iii qepes rJilP;pOD;HJIJilHP;pLl OH ooeCneqlilBaeT Heooxo-
AJlMoe saTHmeHJile JIeHTLI. IIoJIomeHBe nepep;HJilX BaJIOB 9,10 no OTHomeHlilIO K oapa-
oasy 12 MomHO perYJIlilpOBaTl> npll nOMO
1iI MeXaHJilSMOB 2 JiI 11.
BapaoaH ooorpeBae-rcH napOM, nOp;BOp;JilMLlM no TPyoonpoBoP;Y 19. IIplilBo,!t
BanOB 9, 10, 14 iii oapaoaHa 12 OC
eCTBJIHeTCH qepes peP;YKTOp 6 OT 9JIeKTpOp;BJilra-
N
.
B seKOTopLlX KOHCTPyK
IiIHX BYJIKaHIiISaTopOB e)JilpMLI «BepcTOp
» CTaJII>HaS
JIelilTa" orlil08IO
aH oapaoaH iii samlilMaIO
aH BYJIKaHliIsyeMLlH MaTeplilan, nonyqaeT'
540
Ha HeKOTOpLlX SaBOAax peSHHOBOB: npOMLlmJIeHHOCTJiI ycnemHo pa60TaIOT YCTa-
HOBKH AJIJI HenpepLlBHOB: BYJIKaHDSan;DD npOpeSDHeHHOB: TKaHD nYTeM HarpeBa
ee JIaMnaMJiI JilH.ppaKpaCHOrO DSJIyqeHDJI npJil CJIeAYIOIIJ;eM pemIDle:
TeMDepuypa BarpeBa, °C ........... 180-210
ITpoAOJImBTeJIbROCTb ByJIKaBR3a
. C . . . . .. 10
30
CKOpoCTb ABlDl(eBRJI TKaBR, M/MRH . . . . . .. 7,5-30
T)'IIHeJI"lIIIIe ByJIlCaBB3aTop" HenpepltlBHOrO AencTBBJI. HenpepLlBHaJl BYJIKa-
HDSaIJ;JilJl B TYHHeJIbHLlX BYJIKaHDSaTOpaX npOJilSBoAJilTCJI B .pOpMax, nepeABJilra-
IOIIJ;DXCJI B MeTaJIJIB1IeCKOM Kop06e (TYHHeJIe) II-06pasBoB (pDC. 15.21, a) JilJIH npJl-
MOJIHBeB:HOD (PJilc. 15.21, 6) .poPMLI. 3TOT BDA BYJIKaBBSan;DOHHoro 060PYAOBaBJilJI
J
a
---
,
\ ! J '
'
,_._----
o
-
z
PUC. 15.21. Tyaa8Jll>Bye BYJIRaBJI3aTOpY BeDpepYBBOrO AeicTBDJI:
a - n-06p83Hh1It; IS - UPIIMonBBettard; 1 - Qeuaolt 1'paHcuoprep; 2 - KOpoyc TyHaeJ1Jl; a - K8JlOpatep;
4 - BeHTWIIiTOp.
npHMeHJleTCJI rJIaBBLIM 06paSOM npD npODSBOACTBe TOHKDX nOJILlX DSAeJIDB:-
MJlqeB: D HrpymeK.
$opMLI 3aKpenJIeBLI Ha saMKHyroM n;enHOM TpaHcnopTepe 1, KOTOpLlB npoxo-
AUT C IIHMH no TyHBeJIIO 2 ByJIKaHDSaTopa. B TYHHe,JIe n;DpKYJIDPyeT HarpeTLlB AO
220°C BOSAYX, nOAaBaeMLlB BeHTDJIJlTOpOM 4 qepes KaJIOpJil.pep 3. CKOpOCTb n;en-
Horo TpaBCnOpTepa KOJIe6JIeTCJI OT 0,44 AO 0,76 M/mm B aaBHCDMOCTH OT xapaKTepa
BYJIKaBJilsyeMLlx DSAeJI1lB:. HanpaBJIeBDe ABDmellJilJl BosAyxa no BOSAyXOBOAQ)I
nOKasaHO Ha pJilcyBKe CTpeJIKaMD. CJIeAyeT OTMeTJilTb, qTO TYHHeJIbHLle BYJIKaHJiI-
saTopLl C o6orpeBoM ropJlqHM BOSAYXOM npHMeHJlIOTCJI AOBOJIbHO peAKO, TaK KaK
nOA AeDCTBDeM BosAyxa KaytfYR OKDCJIJleTCJI. RpOMe Toro, BOSAYX JlBJIJleTCJI nJIOXlIM
npOBOABDKOM TenJIa. IIpD BYJIKaHDSan;HB B cpeAe ropJlqero BosAyxa TPYABO o6ec-
neqJilTL paBHoM'epHoe D 6L1CTpOe HarpeBaHDe DSAeJIJilJI. <I>DpMa «,D;iKeHepaJI aJIeKT-
PBR» (CmA) ycnemHo nplIMeHJleT MeTOA HenpepLlBHOD BYJIKaHJilSan;HB DSAeJI:lm
B TYHBeJILHLlX BYJIKaHDsaropax, COSAaBaJl Typ6YJIeHTBOe ABHiKeHJile BOSA}'mBOD
cpeALI B TyHBeJIe. Typ6YJIeBTHLlB: xapaKTep ABJiliKeHBJI BosAyxa SHaqDTeJILHO
COKpmn;aeT npOAOJI)IQITeJILHOCTb ByJIKaBJISaIJ;JiIH DSAeJIJilD no cpaBHeHDIO C BYJIKaBB-
,San;DeB: npD JI
fJilHapHOM ABHmeHDD BOSA}'xa.
542
11).4. 060PYAOBAHHE Anf:j 3AKnlOLlHTEnbHbiX OnEPA
HA
nPH npOH3BOACTBE IDOPMOBbiX H3AEnHA
BOJIbmBHCTBo
OpMOBbiX pesBHoBbiX TeXHJI1IeCKBX BSAeJIBii nOCJIe BYJIK8HB-
san;BB nOABepraeTCH OTAeJIKe B KOHTpOJIIO. OCHoBHoe Ha8H8'1eHBe OTAeJIKB
9TO
nOJIY'leHBe rOTOBbiX BSAeJIJm S8A8HHbIX p83MepoB. OTAeJIK8 rJI8BHbIM 06P8S0M
SaKJIIO'I8eTCH B YA8JIeHBB s8yceHn;eB C BSAeJIJilii B o6pa6oTKe nOBepxHocTeii (mJIB-
BK8 B 06TO'lK8 H8 mJIB
B8JIbHbIX B TOKapHbIx CTaHKax). AH8JIJilS TPYAoeMKOCTH
npoJilSBoACTB8
pMOBbiX JilSAeJIBii nOK8sbIB8eT, QTO H8 OTAeJIO'lHLIe Onep8D;J1J1
npBxoAJITCH AO 38% OT BceX TPYAOBbiX SaTpaT. OTcIOAa nOHHTHO CTpeMJIeHBe MaKCJiI-
M8JIbHO MeX8HJilSUpOBaTb B 8BTOM8TBSJilpOBaTb 9TB Onep8D;J1J1. OAH8KO BBJilAY 60Jlb-
B
Pac. 15.22. CTa&OK
Jla CBBTBa aaYceBQeB c peaBBOBYX MalUK8T:
1 - CTOJJ; 8 - aneKTPOJPlBraTemt; a - Ban; 4 - UaTpOB; S - p'YI<oJl'1'Jla; 6 - canaaKB; 'I - CymIOPT; 8-
ROil<; 9 - ROlI<eAeplI<aTemt; 10 - 81U1<JD1; 11 - 6oJI'J'Y.
moro P8SHOo6p8SBH BJilAOB B paSMepOB peSHHOBLlX TeXUJl1leCKBX BSAeJIBii 9T8 S8A8'181
npeACT8BJIHeT 60JIbmJile TPYAHOCTJiI. IT09TOMY 60JIbmOe '1BCJIO OTAeJIO'lHLIX onep
BLlnOJIBJleTCH BPY'lHYJO.
CTaBKII AU MexaHH1IeCKoro OOpe88BHJI 8ayceB
eB. H8PHAY C 0611ABL1MH
TOKapHO-BHHTOpeSHLlMJiI,
peSepHLlMJilt CBepJIBJIbBLIMB B mJIJiI
OB8JIbBLIMB CT8H-
KaMB BLlnYCKaIOTCH cneD;JIaJIbH;bIe CTQKB AJIH 06peSaBBH s8yceHn;eB. 3TJiI CTaHKH
543-
'COCTOJIT DS AByX KpyrJILlX Homeii, Bp aIO XCJI, HaBCTpe'lY APyr APyry., OOJl
.Bp emm Homeii pacnOJIOmeBLI nOA npJIMWrI yrJIOM. Hom C BepnmaJIhBoit OChIO
Bp eBJIJI npeACTaBJIJleT c060ii nOJIIoIi: D;HJIB1I,1U),
a Bom C ropDSOmaJIhHOii OChIO Bpa eHJIJI - Mae-
CHBmm AJlCK C KOHYCHOii saTO'IKoii. .
3TOT AJlCK npJlmIDlaeTCJI K BepXHeMY DOmy
npYa<lllloii. Ha YPOBHe OCTpDJI IIJImHero Boma Ba-
XOAJilTCJI nOJIKa, Ha KOTOpoii DOMe aIOT JlSAeJIBe.
no OTHOmeBJilIO K ropJilsomaJIJI OHa HaXOABTCJI nOA
He60JIhmJiIM yrJIOM. BeJIlI'DIBa UaKJIOHa DOJIRJI sa-
BDCJilT OT yrJIa MemAY sayce Q}m D KPOMKOit IISAe-
JIBJI. IbAeJIDe cBoeii KpoMKoii npDmJilMaeTCJI K Bepx-
HeMY Homy, a sayce LI HanpaBJIJlIOT Ba OCTpJle
Homa.
HBorAa 06pe3aBDe sayce eB npOJlSBOAJilTCJI DO
TOp ADCKOBLIM JlJIB e)mYPIILIM HomOM.
Ha pDC. 19.22 nOKaSaBa cxeMa CTaBKa AJISI 06-
pesamm sayce eB C peS1III0BLlX MaHmeT. Ha CTOJIe
1 yCTaBOBJIeH 9JIeKtpoABDraTeJIh 2 JI CaJIaSKII 6,
no KOTOpLIM B npOAOJIhHOM JI nonepe'IBOM Hanpa8-
JIeHDSlX DepeMe aeTCJI CynnOpT 7 C SaKpenJIellBWrl
B samJilMe 10 AJlCKOBWrI HomOM 8. HSAeJIBe BCTaB-
JIRIOT B naTpOH 4, KOTOpLlii DpHBOABTCSI B ABDme-
HJile 01' 9JIeKTpOABJlraTeJISI 2 CTaBKa.
,D;JIJI YAaJIellllJl 8ayce eB C pesHHOMeTaJIJIH'le-
CKDX ynJIOTHeJDlii AJISI mapJilKonOA m..UHHI( OB C OAJIo-
pasoBoii cMasKoii BHHHPTMAm pa3pa60TaJI CT8HOK
431-03 co cJIeAYIO eii TeXHJiI1IeCKOii xapaKTepDCTJilKoit:
.....
t"
.....
II
It
PBC. t5.23. Rmr8lolaTJl1lecKaJI
ooCDMa CTaBKa u 06pe88BIIB
aaYceBQeB (BqeKC 20078.M):
1 - ropB80BTam.md BO*; 8 - Bep.
TllJ(am.Jud RO*; 8 - CTOn; 4-
'8JleK'I'POaBaraTemt; 6 - P6IUIIr. 6 -
'GKBll1II.
2
. . . .
06/MBR
2050
OT 28 X 16,5
l1.0 14,04 X 110,6
2
3.5
4500
1
1160
1100
1360
850
ITpoB8BOARTellI>BOCTI> CTa&Ka, mT/'I .......
PaaMepy 06pa6aTlilBaeMblx B3 JIHii, 101M ....
qBc.JIO OABOBpeM8BBO 06pa6aTYBaeMYX B8TI.8JIBi
ITPOAOJl)l(HTeJIbBOCTI> paooqero QRKJIa, C . . . . .
qac1'OTa Bp eaBJI IIJJIB BaJII>BYX mDRBp;eJIei,
0611\&11 MOIl\BOCTI> 8JIeKTpOl1.BBraTelleii, KBT . . . .
ra6apHTBYe pa3J,fepy, 101M
p;JlBBa
IIIBpRBa
BYCOTa
Macca, Kr
MamJilHY 20076.M (PJilC. 15.23) AJISI 06pe3aBDSI sayceH eB BLlnYCKaeT Ma-
Ul1IBOCTpOBTeJIItHLlii saBOA JiIM. KpacHHa (r. KocTpoMa). 06peSaBDe npODSBOAJilTCJI
lIomaMJI1 JI 2, Bpa aIO CSI HaBCTpe'IY APyr APyry. TeXHJI1IeCKaSl XapaKTepJl-
eTIIRa 8Toii MalJl1lHlt1 npJlBOABTCSI IIJIme:
28; 52; 88
qacToTa Bpal1\eBBJI lIJIIIIJI,!I;eJIeii, 06/MBB ...
3JIeKTpo,!I;BBraTeJII> DpBBOl1.a
TRD ...........
1oI01l\B0CTI>, KBT . . . . . .
'IaCTOTa Bp8ll\eBBJI, 06/MBB
ra6apHTBye paaM8py, 101M
l1.JlBBa ..........
IDBpRBa
BYCOTa
Macca, Kr
.544
AOJI-2-11-4
0,6
1360
1000
650
1490
128
3aB0,1.(IDf. KpaClIHa BLlDyCKae-r CTaHOK 579-1 AJIH 06pesaHlIH 3ayceH eB Ha KOJIL-
J1;ax DpHMoyrOJIhHOrO CeqeHBH. HHme npllBeAeHa ero TeXHJI1IeCKaH XapaKTepBCTBKa:
npORaBO BTeJIbBOCTb, JDT/'I .....
Pa3Mepy 06pa6aTYBaeMblX KOJIeQ, 101M
BByTpeBB:Bi JU1aMeTp ......
BapymHYi DaIoI8Tp . . . . . . .
1'O a ............
qac1'OTa Bpam;eBBJI BeAYDJ;ero pOJIllKa, 06/MBB
aBJIeRDe cmaToro BoaAYxa, MIla ......
XOA JDTOKft DHeBMOQRJlRBJJ;pa, MH
MO OCTb 311eKTpoJJ;BDraTeJIJI, KBT
fa6apBTBble paaMepy, 101M
AJIRBa
mRpRHa
BYCOTa .
Macca, Kr
450-500
80-400
85-500
1,5-10
1350; 1658
0,6
40-150
0.6
670
465
1600
140
3apy6e)KHLle .pllpMLI TaKme BLlnycKaIOT CTaHIm paSJIJI1IHOB KOHCTpyKI.VflI p;JIa
06pesaHBH sayceHn;eB. HanplDfep, .pllpMa «AHryc» lI8rOTaBJIHBaeT CTaHOK 13-124
II .pllpMa «lIBpeJIJIlI - ,Il;aBJIOD» - CTaHOK npollsBOp;HTeJIhBOCThIO 150 BSp;eJIBB/q.
JI1m14»oBam.Bltle oapaoam.t. 3ayceHD;H MomHO yp;aJIHTh TaKme 06pa60TKOB
IIsp;eJIJm a6paSBBBLlMlI MaTepllaJIaMlI B IDJIJI.poBaJIhHLlX 6apa6aHax. IIpB ::nOM yp;a-
JIHIOTCJI He TOJIbKO sayceHD;l>l, BO B TOHKlIH CJIOH MaTepllaJIa BSp;eJIlIH. ,Il;lIaMeTp
6apa6aHa p;o 1,5 M, p;JIBHa p;o 2 M, qaCTOTa Bpa eHBH 12-3006/MBH. B KaqeCTBe
a6pa8HBa npBMeHHIOT MOJIOTLIB KBpDJl1l, ODllJIKlI B APyrBe MaTepBa.TILI.
060pYP;oBaHue p;u }'AaJIeBRJI sayceuU;eB u oWIOJl saMopamBBaHueM B3AemlH.
MeTOp; yp;aJIeHBH sayceBn;eB II 06JIOH SaMOpamllBaBlIeM MomHO npBMeHHTL p;JIH .pop-
MOBLIX B3p;eJIlID JII060B KOH.pllryp npll YCJIOBJDI, qTO TOJIm;lIHa sayceBn;eB
MeHhme MlIBBM:aJIhHOB TOJI mn.I IISp;eJIlIH.
10
11
-.rOAf)tl" /ti 6o,1qv
---ZOP.HVUO 6oJtfy
PRC. t5.24. p06eMeTBaa YCTa&oBRa HB¥ -2 AJla CBIITRII 8ayceuQeB:
1 - Oym<ep; 2 - Bu6pOCBTO; 3 - mJl103 BYJ'))Y301Jm.Dt; 4 - 6apaOaR; 6 - aarpyao'llltd 1DJIIOa; 6 - conno;
'I - KOBIII; 8 - 6ymmp Itnll Itpo6u; 9 - 1t03aTOp; 10 - npo6eMeT; 11 - aneBaTOp; 12 - perynllTOp UOTOKa;
1& - pacnpl'nemrrCn&Hall aacnORKa; 14 - QUKnOB; IS - ceT'laTHit 1'p; 16 - aacnORKa; 1'1 - ancJ<TpO-
uonOrpeB3Te11&; 18 - 3acnORKa nnJI uepeuycKa XOnOltRoro B03nyxa; 19 - TYP60KOMDpeccOP (reBepaTOp xo-
nona) TXM-300; 20 - ceTKa.
r a JI T 0 B 0 q H LI e 6 a p a 6 a H LI. B 6apa6aB sarpymaIOT BYJIKaHHSO-
BaHHLle lI3,IJ;eJmH II TBepp;yIO roJYOKlICh yrJIepOAa. Bapa6aH npHBOAJITCH BO Bpam;eHBe,
II npR TpeHlIlI saMopomeBHLlX IISp;eJIlIB p;pyr 0 APyra sayceBD;LI 06JIaMLlBaIOTcH.
,II; p 0 6 e MeT H LI e y C T a HOB K B. B nOCJIep;HBe rOAH raJITOBOqHLle
6apa6aHLI npllMeHHIOTCH JIBIDh B He60JILIDlIX npOllSBOACTBax, a B KOBLIX B peKOH-
CTpyHpyeMLlx n;exax npBMeHHIOTCH p;p06eMeTHLle YCTaHOBKB B arperaTe C XOJIO-
P;BJIhHOD YCTaHOBKOD. ,Il;p06eM:eTH3H YCTaHOBKa HB,II;Y-2 nOJITaBCKOro SaBO,IJ;3
npOBSBO,IJ;lITeJlhHOCTLIO 105 Kr/q nOKasaHa Ha pllC. 15.24.
35 3aKaa 163 545
'Y CTaHOBKa pa60TaeT CJIeAYJO HM 06pa30M. IIocJIe TOrO KaK H3AeJIJilH C iu,mpec-
COBKaMJiI 6YAyT 3arpymeHLI B 3arpY30'UmB WJII03 5, HapymHaH KpLlmKa 3aKpLl-
BaeTCH. OTKpLlBaeTCH BHYTpeBBHH KpLlmKa mJII03a 5, JiI Jil3AeJIHH, HaXOAH HeCH
B HeM, nonaAaIOT Ha JIeHTY JIeHTO'lHOrO 6apa6aHa 4, ABHmym;YIOcH B HanpaBJIeHHH
30HLI 06pa60TKH. RaK TOJIbKO Jil3AeJIHH BLlCLlnHTCH H3 mJII03a 5, BHYTpeHHHH ero
KpLlmKa 3aKpLlBaeTCH, a HenpepLlBHO ABHmym;aHcH JIeHTa nepeHOCJiIII' JilX B 30HY
06pa60TKH. 3Aecb JilSAeJIHH HenpepLlBHo BopomaTCH, H3MeHHIOT OpJileHTan;HIO B npo-
cTpaHcTBe JiI 06AYBaIOTCH H3 conJia 6 XOJI0AHJ>lM B03AYXOM C TeMnepaTYPoB OT -80
AO -130°C (B 3aBHCJilMOCTH OT pemHMa 06pa60TKH); 'Iepe3 1-2 MJilH nOCJIe no-
cTynJIeHJilH Jil3AeJIHB Ha JIeHTO'IBYB 6apa6aH 4 BKJIIO'IaeTCH AP06eMeT 10.
,nP06b, HanpaBJIeHHaH n:onaTKaMJiI pa60'lero ROJIeCa AP06eMeTa B 30HY 06pa-
60TKH 6apaoaHoB, 06CTpeJIHBaeT HaxOAH HeCH TaM Jil3AeJIJilH JiI 06KaJILlBaeT Ha HHX
06JIOB. IIpOAOJImJilTeJIbHOCTb 06CTpeJIa B 3aBHCJilMOCTH OT npO'lHOCTJiI peSHHbI, KOH-
.pHrypa HH H3AeJIJilB, TOJI JilHLI 06JIOH H T. n. HaXOAHTCH B npeAeJiaX OT 1,6 AO
3,5 MJilH. OTKOJIOBWJilBCH 06JIOB H APOOb cB060AHO npOXOAHT qepe3 CJIOB Bopoma-
HXCH Jil3AeJIHB H JIeHTY oapa6aHa, JilMeIO YIO CDe aJIbHYIO KOHCTPYRn:mo, H no-
naAaIOT Ha BH6poCHTO 2. Ha CDTe AP06b H 06JIOB, cODsMepDMLlB C AP06bIO, OTAe-
JIHeTCH OT KpynHoro 06JIOH. ,nP06b C MeJIKDM 06JIOeM HanpaBJIHeTCH B 3a60pHYIO
qaCTb aJIeBaTOpa 11, a KPYDBLIB 06JIOB c06DpaeTcH B 6YHKepe 1. 3JIeBaTOp 11
B03Bp aeT AP06b B 6YHKep 8 AP06eMeTa 10, a Jil3 6YHRepa OHa BMeCTe C MeJIKDM
06JIOeM BHOBb nOCTynaeT K pa60qeMY KOJIecy.
IIocJIe nOJIHOrO YAaJIeHDH 06JIOH C D3AeJIJilB AP06eMeT BLlKJIIOqaeTCH, a JIeHTa
npOAOJIiI\aeT ABJilraTbCH B npemHeM HanpaBJIeHH1I JiI BOpOWDTb 3arpymeHHbIe H3Ae-
JIDH AJIH JIyqmero OTAeJIeHHH oroHToro 06JIOH D AP06H OT H3AeJIDB. XOJIOCTOH npo-
6er AP06eMeTa AJIDTCH OT 1 AO 1,5 MDH, 3aTeM OTKpLlBseTCH BHYTpeHHHH KpLlWKa
BLlrpY30qHOrO mJII03a 3" D 06paTHLlM XOAOM JIeHTLI 6apa6aHa Jil3AeJIDH c6pacLlBaIOTcH
B BLlrpY30QHLlB WJII03. ,naJIee BHYTpeHHHH KpbImKa 3aKpLlBaeTCH, JIeHTa nepeKJIIO-
QaeTCH Ha pa60'lJilB XOA, JiI HKJI nOBTopHeTCH. lIs mJII03a 3 D3AeJIDa BbIrpymaIOTcH,
KorAa HaQHHaeTCH CJIeAYIO HB KJI.
XOJIOAHbIH B03AYX C TeMnepaTYPoB OT -80°C AO -130°C nocTynaeT Jil3 re-
HepaTopa XOJLOAa - Typ60XOJIOAHJIbHOB MaWJilHLI (Typ60KoMnpeccopa) TXM 300-19.
IIpD HaJIJI1II1J1 AByx MOp03DJIbHLlX KaMep MOp03HJIbHLle YCTaHOBKD MorYT pa60TaTb
TOJIbKO nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHO. O'iepeAHOcTb pa60TLI MOp03Ji1JIbHLlX yCTaHoBOK 06ecne-
QDBaeTCH pacnpeAeJIHTeJIbHOB 3aCJIOHKOB 13. ECJIH npeALIAy uB KJI He OKOHQeH,
TO XOJIOAHLIB BOSAYX 3aCJIOHKaMJiI 18 H 16 nepeKJIIOQaeTCH Ha HPKYJIH HIO AO MO-
MeHTa rOTOBHOCTD O'iepeAHOB KaMepLl.
,nJIH O'lllCTKH XOJIOAHOrO B03Ayxa OT nLlJID YCTaHOBJIeH KJIOH 14. B KaqeCTBe
TenJIOBOB'HarpY3KJiI BO BpeMH JilpKYJIH HH B03Ayxa JilCnOJIb3yeTcH aJIeKTpOnOAO-
rpeBaTeJIb 17. RpoMe Toro, aJIeKTpOnOAorpeBaTeJIb HCnOJIb3yeTcH TorAa, KorAa
KOJID'IeCTBO BLlpa6aTLlBaeMoro xOJIOAa He COOTBeTcTByeT TenJIOBOH HarpY3Ke,
C03AaBaeMOB 06pa6aTbIBaeMLlMD H3AeJIHHMJiI.
IIOCKOJIbKY Typ60KoMupeccop TXM-300 HMeeT 60JIbWYIO QaCTOTY Bpa eHJilH
(22000 06/MUH) , TO nonaAaHJile B Hero MeJIKJilX QaCTJiI nbIJIH JiI AP06H oc06eHHo
onaCHO. QT06L1 npeAoTBpaTDTb aTo, Ha BxoAe B Typ60KoMnpeccop yCTaHOBJIeHa
S HaH ceTKa 20. PerYJIUpOBaHDe KOJIHQeCTBa B03Ayxa, BLlXOAH ero H3 conJia 6,
ocy eCTBJIHeTCH perYJIHTOpOM nOTOKa 12.
CPHpMOB «Bu6paTop ROPH» (CmA) TaKme BLlnycKaeTcH MamJilHa C AP06eMeTHoB
YCTaHOBKOB AJIH CHHTDH' 3ayceH eB C D3AeJIJilH. 1I3AeJIJilH 3arpymaIOTcH B pa60QYIO
KaMepy (TOJI JilHa CTeHKD He MeHee 0,58 MM, TOJI HHa 3ayceH eB He 60JIee 0,06 MM),
rAe OHH OXJIamAaIOTCH ABYOKDCbIO yrJIepOAa. B pe3YJIbTaTe 3ayceH LI CTaHOBHTCH
xpynKJilMJiI, B TO BpeMH KaK D3AeJIJilH OCTaIOTCH He3aMopomeHHLlMH. Ha HDX AJIH c6Ji1-
BaHJilH 3ayceH eB HanpaBJIaeTCH CTPYH AP06H H3 AP06eMeTa. ,nP06b nOAaeTCH B pa-
60QYIO KaMepy Typ6JilHOB, Bpa aIO eBcH CO CKOpOCTbIO 80 M/C. Pac:xoA APOOJil
158 Kr/MHH. 06pa3YIO aHCH B KaMepe nLlJIb OTcaCLlBaeTCH BeHTJilJIHTOpOM. B JIDTe-
546
paType HMeIOTClI yKa3aHHlI Ha eJIeC006pa3HOCTL npHMeHeHHlI OXJIamAeHHOrO
B03Ayxa BMeCTO mHAKOrO a30Ta HJIH ABYOKHCH yrJIepoAa.
¥CTaHOBKa AJIlI YAaJIeHHlI 06JIoll Ha AP06eMeTHMX annapaTaX C Bpa aIO -
MHClI MeTaJIJIUqeCKHMH eTKaMH C npHMeHeHHeM mHAKOrO HaTpHlI BMnYCKaeTClI
<}IHpMOi «nHpeJIJIH» (UTaJIHlI). ¥CTaHOBKa COCTOHT H3 HenOABHmHoro 6apa6aHa,
BHYTPH ROToporo Bpa aIOTClI C nepeMeHHoi CKOpOCTLIO B npOTHBOnOJIOmHMX ua-
npaBJIeHHlIX no OTHomeHHIO APyr K APyry ABa BaJIa co eTKaMH, H CHCTeMM DllTa-
HHlI HaTpHeM. rn;eTKH CMOHTHpOBaHM no Bcei AJIHHe 6apa6aHa. OXJIamAeHHe AO
-150 °C ocy eCTBJIlIeTClI BBeAeHHeM B 6apa6aH mHAKoro HaTpHlI H3 Cne HaJILHOrO
pe3epByapa. TeMnepaTypa, npH KOTOpoi npOB3BOAHTClI 06pa60TKa B3AeJIBi,
B CKOpOCTL Bpa eHBlI eTOK perYJIBpyIOTclI aBTOMaTlAeCKB. OAHaKO CTOHMOCTL
06pa60TKB B3AeJIBH Ha 3TOi MamBHe BMCOKa.
15.5. nOT04HAFI nHHHfI Anfl npOH3BOACTBA
UlOPMOBbiX H3AEnHA
B nOCJIeAHBe rOAM B CCCP U 3a py6emoM YAeJIlIeTClI MHoro BHBMaHBlI opra-
HB3a BB nOTOqHOrO npOB3BOACTBa peSBHOBMX TeXHB'leCKBX B3AeJIBi OT pa30-
rpeBa CMeCB AO 06pe3aHBlI 3ayceH eB C rOTOBMX B3AeJIBi.
Ha TaKBX JI1IHBlIX pe3BHOBall CMeCL nocTynaeT Ha nOAorpeBaTeJILHMe BaJIL M,
a 3aTeM Ha KaJIaHAP (B nOCJIeAHee BpeMlI nOAOrpeBaTeJILHMe BaJIL M B KaJIaHAP
3aMeHlIIOT QepBlIqHOH MamBHoi XOJIOAHoro nBTaHBlI C BaJIKOBOi rOJIOBKoi). Cpa-
3aHHall C KaJIaHApa nOJIOca CMeCB no TpaHcnopTepy nOAaeTClI K BYJIKaHB3a BOHHMM
<}IopMaM, KOTopMe OAHOBpeMeHHO BrpaIOT pOJIL IlITaH eB, BMpy6aIO Bx 3arOTOBKY
HymHoro pa3Mepa. <DOPMM B 3aKpMTOM BBAe nOCTynaIOT no enHOMY KOHBeiepy
B ByJIKaHB3aTOp TyHHeJILHOrO TBna, rAe OHB npB 143-176 °C nepeABBraIOTClI Me-
mAY HarpeBaTeJILHMMB 3JIeMeHTaMB.
no OKOHQaHIDI ByJIKaHB3a BB <}IOPMM oTKpMBaIOT, B3AeJIBlI YAaJIlIIOT B3 <}IopM
npB nOMO B BMTaJIKBBaTeJIei, pacnOJIOmeHHMX B KOH e arperaTa. 3aTeM npOB3-
BOAHTClI' aBTOMaTB'leCKall QBCTKa npecc-<}IopM eTKaMB AJIlI npOBeAeHBlI CJIeAY-
IO ero KJIa. U3AeJIBlI nOJIyqaIOTclI C MBHBMaJILHMMB 3ayceH aMB, TaK KaK 3a-
rOTOBKH 3aAaHHMX pa3MepOB BMpy6aIOTclI B3 JIeHTM pe3BHOBoi CMeCH Henocpe):{-
CTBeHHO B <}IopMe. ¥AaJIeHBe 3ayceH eB npOB3BOAHTClI MeTOAOM 3aMopamBBaHBlI
Ha yCTaHoBKe, BXOAlI ei B COCTaB JIHHBB.
)J;JIBHa TaKoi JIBHBB AOCTBraeT 55 M, CKOpOCTL nepeABHmeHHlI <}IOpM 1,8-
10,9 M/MBH, npOB3BO)UlTeJILHOCTL 2000 BSAeJIBi/Q npB AJIBTeJILHOCTH KJIa 1,5 MBH
B OAHOBpeMeHHOM npHMeHeHIDI50 <}IOPM, B KamAoi B3 KOTOpMX npOHCXOAIIT 40 BJ{-
JIOB. llpBMeHlIlI 25-1'He3AHLle <}IOPMM, MOiKHO nOJIyqBTL sa BOCLMB'lacoByIO CMeHY
400 000 ynJIOTHBTeJILHMX KOJIe KpyrJIOro CeQeHBlI. npo ecc npOBSBOACTBa <}IoPMO-
BMX AeTaJIei C npBMeHeHBeM nOA06Hoi JIBHBH AaeT B03MomHOCTL 3aMeHBTL Tpex
pa60QHX OAHBM onepaTopOM.
r J1ABA 16
nHTbEBblE MAWIIIHbl
IIpB npoB3BoAcTBe <}IOpMOBhIX pC3BHOTeXHH'leCKBX BSAeJIlm H pe3BHoBoH
06YBH Bce 60JILmee pacnpOCTpaBeHBe nOJIyqaeT MeToA JIBTLlI nOA AaB.JIeHBeM
HapllAY C MamBHaMB AJIlI JIBTLlI nOA AaBJIeHBeM TepMOnJIaCTOB OTe'leCTBeHHaJl
npOMhImJIeHHOCTL BLIDycKaeT pllA npeCCOB B MamBH AJIlI JIIITLlI nOA AaBJIeHBCM
pe3BHhI. JIBTLeBhIe MamllHhI B3rOTaBJIBBaIOT <}IBpMhI QCCp, <Dpr, IfTaJlBB, CIDA
B APyrBx CTpaH.
npo eCC npOll3BOACTBa pe3BHOBhIX BSAeJIBH JIBTLeM nOA AaBJIeHBeM lIBJIlIeTClI
BKJIuqeCKBM. Pe3BHOBaJl CMeCL B mnpB OBaHHor.1 BJIB BSMeJILqeHHOM BBAe (rpa-
HYJIhI, KyCKII) nOAaeTClI B JIBHAP npecca BJIB MaIDBHhI; TaM OHa HarpeBaeTClI,
nJIaCTB BpyeTClI, BnphICKBBaeTClI nOA onpeAeJIeHHhIM AaBJIeHBeM qepes ConJIO
B 060rpeBaeMyIO npecc-<}IopMY II ByJIKaHBsyeTClI.
no cpaBHeHBIO C APYI'BMB MeTOAaMB npoB3BoAc1'Ba <}IOpMOBhIX B3Aemm JIBTLe-
BOH MeTO,l( BMeeT pJlA npeBMyII\ecTB: peSKO CHBmaeTClI npoAOmRBTeJILHOCTL ByJI-
KaHB3a B, B pe3YJILTaTe 'lero npOBSBOABTeJILHOCTL TpYAa nOBLUDaeTClI Ha 35--
50%; cOKpa aeTClI 6palt B YJIY'lmaeTclI KaqeCTBO BSAeJIlm; OTXOAhI pe3BHH YMeHL-
maIOTClI Ha 25-30%; nOBhImaeTClI C'LeM npoAyK IDI C 1 M 2 npoll3BoAcTBeHBoH nJIO-
AB 6JIarOAapll BCKJIIO'leHBIO onepa H no 3arOTOKe AeTaJIeH B nOCJIeAYIO eH
06pa60TKe rOTOBhIX BSAeJIBH; nOllBJIneTClI B03MOiKHOCTL B3rOTaBJIBBaTL AeTaJIII
CJlOmHOH <}IOpMhI, BKJIIOqall peSBHOMeTaJIJIB'leCKBe BSAeJIBlI, II BOSMomHOCTL nOJI-
HOH MexaHBsa BB B aBTOMaTBsa npo ecca.
OAHaKo no cpaBHeHBIO C 06hI'lHhIMII npeccaMB AJIlI <}IopMoBaHBlI peSIIHOBhIX
HSAeJIBH 060pYAoBaHBe AJIlI JIBTLlI peSBHhI nOA AaBJIeHBeM CJIOmHee II ,l(opome,
KpOMe Toro, OOJIee TpYAoeMKB peMOHT B MempeMOHTHoe OOCJIymBBaHBe.
3<}1<}1eKTBBHOCTL npHMeHeHBJI yKasaBHoro MeTOAa B 3Ha'lBTeJILHOH Mepe saBB-
CRT OT npaBBJILHOCTB BhIoopa 060PYAOBaBBlI AJIlI AaBHoro accopTBMeHTa B OT KO-
JIB'leCTBa BLIPaoaThIBaeMhIX B3AeJIBH. OnhIT nOKaSaJI, 'lTO aTOT MeTOA HaB60JIee
a<}l<}leKTBBeH npB MaCCOBOM npOH3BOACTBe B3AeJIBH co cTa6BJILHOH peI\eDTYPOH
B He60JILmBM pasHo06pa3BeM no Macce, <}IopMe II paSMepaM.
B 3aBBCBMOCTB OT KOHCTPYK BB JIBTLeBOro YCTpOHCTBa paSJIB'laIOT nJIYHmep-
HLle, 'lepBlIqHLIe B 'lepB1I'lHO-nJlYHmepHhIe JIBTLeBhIe MamBHhI. JIBTLeBhIe MamBHhI
KJIaCcB<}I PYIOTClI TaKme no OO'LeMY BnphICKa, TBny npBBOAa (aJIeKTpB'leCKBH,
aJIeKTpOrBApaBJIB'leCKBH, rBApaBJIB'leCKBH), KOMnOHOBKe npeCCOBoro II BHmeK-
BOHHoro Y3JIOB (BepTBKaJILHhI , ropBSOHTaJILHLle, yrJIOBhIe), KOJIJr1IeCTBY JIHTbe-
BhIX YCTPOHCTB B npeCCOBhIX To'\teK (OAHOMeCTHhIe, MHorOMeCTHhIe).
16.1. J1HTbEBbIE MAWHHbl C nJ1YH>HEPHblM
HH>HEKLI,HOHHbIM ArPEr A TOM
JIBTLeBhIe MamUHhI C nJIYHiitepHhIM BHmeK HoHHhIM arperaToM cOKpam;CHHO
aaShIBalOTClI DJIYHmepHhIMB. CxeMa pa60ThI nJIYHmepHoro npecca nOKa3aHa Ha
pllC. 16.1. Ha BepxHeH HenOABBiRHOH TpaBepce 1 SaKpenJIeH HanopHhIH mTOK 2,
cmBMaIO H pe3BHOBYIO CMeCL 9. Ha nOABBmHOM CTOJIe 7 yCTaHaBJIBBaeTClI paS'LeM-
548
Ball npecc-«IioPMa, COCTOllm;all BS ABYX 'laCTeu: BlliKHeu 6 II BepxHeu 8. JIBTLeBall
KaMepa 9 MomeT nepeltfem;aTLClI B BepTIIKaJlLBOM HaUpaBJleHBII. AJln
eHTpBpOBa-
HBlI 4>OpMLI U JlBTLeBOU KaMepLI cJlymllT
eHTpBpYIOm;all mau6a 5.
npll nOMOm;H rJlApaBJlBqeCKBX
BJl1IBAPOB nOABBmHLIu CTOJI 7 C 4>OPMOU U JlBTL-
eBall KaMepa 90uycKaIOTclI. npB aTOM nOCJleAHlIlI nJlOTBO saKpLIBaeT 4>OPMY.. B Ra-
Mepy SaKJlaALIBaeTClI HaBeCKa nOAOrpeTOU peS1IBOBOU CMeCB 9, cooTBeTcTByIOm;all
o61.euy OTJlBBaeMOro BSAeJlBlI, B HBmHIIU CTOJI nOAHHMaeTClI BMeCTe C 4>OPMOU
B JlIITLeBOU KaMepou. HanopHLIu mTOK 2 BXOABT B JlBTLeBYIO KaMepy 9 II npeccyeT
peSBHOBYIO CMeCb, KOTOpall UOA AaBJleHBeM CTaHOBIITClI nJlaCTBqHOU B qepes KaHaJl 4
SaUOJlBlIeT npecc-4>opMY. ECJlu npecc-+oPMa 060rpeBaeTclI, ByJlKaHIIsa
BlI HSAe-
JlBJI npOIlCXOABT HenocpeACTBeHHO Ha JlBTI>eBOM npecce. ECJlB me npecc-+oPMa
PRe. 16.1. ITpBBD;BDBaJibBaB cxeMa BepTRK&JlItBOrO
JlRTbeBOro r
paBJIB'leCKOrO DJly&mepBoro Dpecca:
1 - seuOABIDlUlall 1'paBepCa; B - sanoplWlT IDTOK; a -
.lDl'l'l>eB8JI KaJlepa; 4 - JIBT&eBol KaRan; 6 - qeR1'pBpy-
101Q811 mal6a; 6 - IDDtIRJlII 'l8C'1'b npecc-41opMY; '1 - nOA-
BIIJIIRYtt CTO.II; 8 - BepXRIIII 'l8CTl> UP
PJIY; 9 - pe-
SHROBaSl CMeC&.
7
)
He 060rpeBaeTClI, TO UOCJlC aanOJlHeBBlI peS1IBOBOU CMeCLIO ee uepeAaIOT Ha ByJlKa-
WlSal\llOHHLIU npecc.
AaBJleHBe Ha pesBHoByIO CMeCL Upll JlHTbeBOM MeTOAe BSrOTOBJleHHlI BSAeJIIIU
COCTaBJllIeT OT 80 11,0 150 Mna.
ROBCTPYKTBBHoe BLInOJlHeHlle upecca C HumHBM paCUOJlOmeHlleM npeccyrom;ero
YSJla nORasaHO Ha pBC. 16.2; pa60qee yCBJlBe aToro npecca 1 MH.
. B paMHou CTaHHHC 14, BLInOJlHeHHOU BS JlBCTOBOro npOKaTa, HenoABBmHO
SaKpenJleHLI BepXHlIlI TpaBepca 9 B rJlaBHLIU rBAPO
BJlBHAP 1. Ha nJlYBmepe 2
paCnOJlOiKeH nOABBmHLIu CTOJI 19 AJllI yCTaBoBKB npecc-4>opM. rJlaBHLIU rBAPO-
BJlBBAP CBlISaH HanpaBJllIIOm;BMII KOJlOHHaMB 4 C BepxBeu HenoABBmBou TpaBepcou
9, Ba ROTOpOH SaKpenJleH nanopHLIu mTOK 8. nOABllmHall TpaBepca 7 MomeT nepe-
Mem;aTLClI no HanpaBJllIIOm;BM KOJlOBKaM 4 nOA AeUCTBBeM nop,nopHLIx rBApaBJlB'le-
CKBX I\IIJlBBAPOB 9. B nOABBmHou TpaBepce pacnOJlOmeH JlBTLeBOu
1IJ1BBAP 6
(c KaBaJlaMB AJllI I\IIpKYJlll
BII 060rpeBaIOm;eu mBAKOCTB BJIII napa) B JlIITLeBOe
conJlo 5.
OnycKaBBe CTOJla B nOABB»{HOU TpaBepCLI npOIlSBOABTClI rBApaBJllI1IeCKIDfB
peTypHLIMB
BJlBH.npaMB 10. ROHeqHOe nOJlOmeHBC CTOJl8 II TpaBepcLI 4>BKcBpyeTcJI
OrpaH1I'IBTeJlllMII 12. C60KY Ha paMe npecca pacnOJlOmeB KOJlJleKTOp 11. np
-
nBaJlLHall cxeMa rBApaBJllI1IeCKOrO JlBTLeBOro npecca C BepXHIDf pacnOJlOmeBBeM
npeccyrom;ero YSJla npBBeAeHa Ha pBC. 16.3. HHmeKl\lloHHLIU yseJl aTOU MaIJT-:IHLI
pacnOJlOmeH B HenoABBmBOM CTOJle. npecc paCCqBTaH Ba pa6o'lee yCBJllle npecco-
BaBlIlI 4,5 MH.
OCBoBaHBe npecca 1 H BBmllJln TpaBepca 5 CBlISaHLI C BepxHeu TpaBf-t'coii 9
'leTLIpJ.MlI KOJlOHHaMB 8. Ha BHiKHeii TpaBepce SaKpeUJleH BenoABllmBLlt: CTOJI 7
C JlBTLeBOU RaMepou 6.
549
R CTOJIY Ha THrax 3 KpeDBTCH Kopnyc JIBTLeBOro rUp,paBJIB'leCKOrO
BJIBBp,pa 2
p,BaMeTpOM 200 MM (p,BaMeTp JIBTLeBOO KaMepLl 85 MM), a TaKme rBp,pO
BJIJlJlAP
p,BooHoro p,eocTBBH C ABaMeTpOM 85 MM p,JIH DOp..LeMall onYCKaHBH KapeTKB
3
'"
2
PRe. 16.2. JIRTbeBOB: rHApaBJllJ1lecKRi DJIyB)I(epBbli Dpecc C pa60'IBM YCRJIReM DpeccoBa-
BRJI 1 MH:
1 - rJlaBHblA rImPOl\HJlHHAP; 2 - 1UJYf!lf<ep; 3 - DOADopHble QllJlllllApy; 4 - HaupaBnlllOlQlle KOJlOIIBY; 5 -
JlHT&eBOe conJlo; 6 - JlHTbeBoA l\HJlH!I.IIP; 1 - nOABlllf<H8JI TPaBepCa; 8 - HaDOpHUA mTOK; 9 - HeJIOABlllf<H8JI
TPaaepca; 10 - peTypllble rH)1pOl\HJlBHApbl; 11 - KOJlJleKTOp; 12 - OrpaRlJ1lllTeJlH; 13 - CTOJI; 14 - paMB8JI
CTaHBHa.
npOM
mYTOqHOO DJIBTLI npecc-<}IopMLl. npecc cHa6meH BLITaJIKBBaTeJIeM p,JIH
pa3'LeMa npecc-<}IopM. BLlTaJIKBBaTeJIB 17 npBBop,HTCH B p,eOCTBBe OT rBp,po-
BJlBHp,pOB (p,uaMeTpOM 60 MM). B BepXHeo TpaBepce 13 CMOHTBpOBaH yaeJI npec-
COBaHBH, BKJIIOqaIO
BO rJIaBHLlO
BJIBHp,p (ABaMeTpOM 535 MM) C nJIyumepOM 12,
nepeMe
aIOm;BMCH no KOJIOHHaM 8 Dpecca.
IIop,'LeM nJIYHmepa B BepXHee DCXOAHOe nOJIOmeHDe DpODSBOp,DTC1I peTypHbIMD
rDp,pO
JIJIHp,paMD 15 p,DaMeTpOM 80 MM. PaOOqee p,aBJIeHDe B rDp,pOCDCTeMe 20 MIIa.
mDp,KOCTb Dop,aeTCH HaCOCOM H403E npOD3-
Bop,uTeJIbHOCTbIO 35 JI/MHH. PesepByap 14
]1.JIR MaCJIa yCTaHOBJIeH Ha BepxHeii TpaBepce
npecca. IIJIBTa npecca D JIBTbeBOii I\DJIHHp,p 1'1
OOOrpeBaIOTCR napOM C p,aBJIeHDeM 2,2 MIIa.
TeXHJr1IeCKaR xapaKTepDCTDKa OTeqeCT-
BeHHbIX rDp,paBJIJr1IeCKDX JIDTbeBbIX nJIYH-
mepHbIX npeccoB npDBep,eHa B TaOJI. 16.1.
rDp,paBJIDqeCKDe DJIYHmepHbIe npeccbI
BbInycKaIOTcR TaKme ipDpMaMD ((BeKKep
l1epKDHc» (AurJIDH), «I1DpeJIJIU» (HTaJIDH)
D Q. U
<DDpMa «I1DpeJIJIU» (HTaJIDH) BbInycKaeT
rDp,paBJIB1IeCKDe nJIYHmepHbIe JIDTbeBbIe
npeCCbI P,BYX TDnopa3MepOB. 110 KOHCTpyK- 12
I(BII OHD OJID3KD K npeccy, nOKaSaHHOMY Ha
pDC. 16.3. 3TD npeCCbI xapaKTepD3YIOTCH 11 fG
JIep,YIOm;DMD p,aHHbIMD: 10
0,6
0,265
600
7
¥CRllHe npeCCOBaBRJI, MH
Pa3MepLl nJIBT, MM . . .
¥CRllHe, pa3BHBaeMoe
llRTbeBLlM rRAPOD;RJlHB-
APOM, MH . . . . . .
061teM llRTbeBOH KaMepy,
CM3 . . . . . . . . .
aBJIeHRe o60rpeBaIOlQe-
ro napa, MIIa . . .. 2 2
I1pDBop, npeccoB ,paCC1IBTaH Ha paOOTY
5
p,ByM1I paSJIB1IHbIMD 3Ha1leBJI1lMD ]1.aBJIeHBR
B rDp,pOCDCTeMe, npeCCbI BMeIOT p,Be CKo-
pOCTD 3aKpbIBaHD1I.
rOpR1IaR pe3HHOBaH 3arOTOBKa, nOJIY- J
1IaeMaR wnpD
eBaHDeM Ha OTp,eJIbHOB yCTa-
HOBKe . C aBTOMaTJr1IeCKBM p,03DpOBaHDeM, 2
3aKJIap,bIBaeTCH B', JIDTbeByro KaMepy Bpyq-
HYIO.
JI1I JIBTbH D3p,eJIDB, BbInYCKaeMbIX
HeOOJIbWBMD cepDHMD, Macca KOTOpbIX
npeBbIWaeT 250-300 r,
eJIecOOOpasHo npD-
MeHRTb ObIcTp03aKpbIBaIOm;DecR OObI1IHbIe
BYJIKaHD3a
DOHHbIe npeCCbI, cHaomeHHbIe
JIDTbeBbIMD rOJIOBKaMD. 'Y CDJIDe npeCCOBa-
HUR 3TDX npeCCOB COCTaBJIReT 0,6; 1; 2 D
3 MH; yCDJIDe, paSBDBaeMoe JIDTbeBbIM
-
JIDHp,pOM, paBHO COOTBeTCTBeHHO 0,15, 0,36,
0,6 D 0,6 MH.
'B nOCJIep,Hee BpeMR p,JI1I MeJIKOCepBii-
Horo npOD3Bop,CTBa npBMeHRIOT JIBTbeBbIe
npeCCbI C BepXHBM pacnOJIOmeHUeM rDp,paB-
JIB1IeCKOrO Y3JIa D C p,OnOJIHDTeJIbHJ.IM yc-
TpOBCTBOM 1IepBJI1IHOrO TDna p,JIH npep,BapBTeJIbHOB nJIaCTDKa
BB MaTepBaJIa. 3TO
COKpam;aeT npOp,OJIarnTeJIbHOCTb
DKJIa B nOHDmaeT HeOOXOp,BMoe p,aBJIeHDe BnpbICKa.
THn I
2,5-4,5
600 X 600
THn II
0,8-1,6
400 X 400
9
8
1600
G
*
PRC. 16.3. JlHTl>eBoi rRApaBJIR'lecKRii
DJIyumepBbli Dp8CC C pa60'IRM YCRllReM
DpeccoBa&Ba 4,5 MH:
1 - OCBOBaBBe upecca; B - rRJ\POQWIBRAP
.JIJITbeBOro YCTPOACTBa; 8 - TllrB; 4 - IDTOK;
6 - JllDl(BIIJI 1'paBepca; 6 - mrr&eB811 KaMepa;
, - ReUOABII)f(BJ.rI!: CTOJI; 8 - KOnORHa; 9-
BepXRBit CTOn; 10 - BepXIIJUI upoKna,QKa; 11 _
KapeTKa; 18 - DJlyJIJf(ep rnllBRoro QRnRRApa
upeccYJOlQero yana; 18 - BepXIIJUI 1'paBePCS;
14 - peaepByap AM MaMa; 16 - PeTypmdt
rBApOQRmmAp; 16 - Tllra; IV - Orp8RB'lH-
TenD.
551
T46.4u'la 16.1. TeXIIIl1l9CKaa xapaRTepllCTllKa ueprHRu.ablx ftJiyiiHcepsbix mlTiJeBbiX
DpeeCOB NUl pe8nbl, B8l'OTaB.TlllBaeMbIX OTe1JecTBeBBOi DpOlOtIIWIeBBOCTItIO
I nJI-100P I 450-600n , .. 0 - 3 3 8 "-
9 '. 1 I 21>-40091
(1-2010) (252-011).... ...." · (252021)
ROBCTpYKD;WI npecca . . PaMHbli
Pa3BBBaellIOe YCJIJIlle, MH
,IJ;naMeTp rllaBBOrO DllYB-
mepa, MM . . . , .
XOA rllaBBoro DllyH)I(epa
opecca, MM .....
Pa60'lee AaBlleHHe B rllaB-
BOM fnp;poD;u.JlHBP.pe,
Mila ., ,....
,IJ; &BneBee Ba MaTepHaJI B
JlRTbeBOB K8IoIepe, Mila
P aaM8 pH JInTbeBoi KaMe-
pili . . . . . . .
BsyTpeBBBi
aM8Tp,
101M ......
my6ua, MAt . . .
eMKOCTb, eM' . . .
TeMnepaTypa BarpeBa
nllllT, 2C .....
¥ CIIllHe, paaBBBa9Moe
ABYMJI peTYPmum D;R-
JIHBApaMR, KH . . . .
,IJ; &BlleBBe mBAKOCTH B
peTypBblx D;Hll
pax,
Mna ........
,IJ;uaMeTp nJIYH)I(epa B pe-
TYPBblX I\HJIHBp;paX, 101M
¥ CUllHe, pa3BBBaeMoe
AByMJI I\RJlHHApaMH
DO.D,'LeMa, KH
,IJ;H8IoIeTp DllYH)l(epa D;H-
llHBP.pa nOA'It9Ma, 101M
,IJ;&BlleHHe mup;KOCTR B
D;RllHBApax nOp;'LeMa,
Mna ........
Pa3BBBaeMoe YCBJIUe D;H-
. JIHBAPa ne.peABH)I(eBWI
CTOJIa, KH , . .
,IJ;uaMeTp nllYJUKepa I\H-
JIHHApa nepeMe
eBHJI
CT6J1a, 101M . . .
,IJ;aBlleBHe mHAI
OCTB B I\U-
JIHB,JJ;pe nepeMe
eBBJI
CTona, Mlla . . . . .
Pa60'lu DpOCBeT Dpecca,
M)I .........
PaaMep pa60'lero CTOlla,
101101 .......
fB,JJ;p,OnpBBOP;
&.DeKTpOABlII'aT8JI1>
TOO . . . . .
MO
BOCTb, KBT
lIaCTOTA BpaJl(8-
BBJI, 06/MBB
552
1 4.5
340 535
300 650
12 20
80 110
130 85
335 375
4200 905
250 210
76 176/113
12 20
60 80
10 48
50 60
2,5 20
7
60
250
500 700
445X445 6oox600
AO-51-6 A02-61-4
2.8
950
13
1450
RonOBBLlH
6.3
500
630
32
102
1000
30 000
110
350
12.5
75
500
50
12,5
140/75
60
1250
1000
800 X 800
A02-72-4;
A02-7t-4:
A020-52-6;
AOJI2-31-4
30; 22; 7,5; 2,2
1460; 1460;
970; 1430
12.5
710
1775
30
100
400
90000
110
1400
12,5
100
1500
1500 X
x 2000
H-Ol09
qeJllOcTBoi RonoB-
Bblii
0,25 3
tOO 600
300 900
11 12
13.2 30
40 220
140 550
200 20 000
250 110
30 320
11 12
40 130
17 70
60
11 12
11
300 400
4OOx400 350 X 400
llpoaO.A.:JICeltue ma6A. 16.1
I nJI-l00P 1 450-600n I ,D;O-338 ,D;-59U I 25-400 H I H-01011
(1-2010) (21)2-01f) (21)2021)
fH poupHBO I
Bacoc
THn . Br14-13A H-403E H-403; MBH-6; QC-70M Bf-12-21
H-401; Bf11-23A
anlleBHe, Mna 12/2.5 20 12.5
npOH3BO,ll,HTellb-
B001'b, ll/MDB Sj'.!.O 8
fa6apHTBYe pa3Mepbl, MM 6250
,ll,JlJura . 1225 1900 11700 1470 1400
mHpHHa 800 1420 5200 12 700 1080 1100
BWCOTa 2590 4519 6310 10445 2100 4500
Macca, T . . 3.0 9.4 33,5 1.7 12,7
B eJI1Ix YMeHLWeHU1I BblCOTbJ npecca H BO Ha6emaBBe He06xo;P;HMOCTU YCTpoi-
CTBa DpU1IMKa HmKeK HoHHoe nJIYHmepHoe YCTPOHCTBO paCDOJIOmeHO ropH30H-
TaJILBO. JIHTLCBOH npecc GSP 400/90P ipHpMLI «BepBep - llipJI1IH;p;epep» ($pr)
XapaltTepH3ycTC1I YCHJIHeM CMbIKaBH1I ipOpMLI 4 MH, YCHJIHeM HHmeK HH 0;9 MH
H 06'LeMOM BnpLICKa 4700 CM 3 : 'Y &TOrO Dpecca BMeeTC1I YCTPOHCTBO ;P;JI1I npe;p;BapH-
TeJILBOD: nJIaCTUKa HH MaTepHaJIa, a lIHmeR oHBLIii y3eJI pacnOJIOmeH ropH30H-
TaJiLBO. IIpu TaKOM pacnOJIOmeBJIH HHmeR OBHoro Y3JIa B03paCTaeT ;P;JIBBa JIHTLe-
Boro KaHaJIa. O;P;HaKo TaKOH npecc MomHO YCTaBaBJIBBaTL Ha Me>K,D;yaTamHLIx
DepeKpLlTH1IX. ,
RpOMC onucaHHLlX BLIWC O;P;HOMeCTHLIX nJIYHmepHLIx npeCCOB MHorue ipUpMW
BLInYCKalOT TaKme MHorOMeCTHLIe JIliTheBLIe MaWBBLI C DJIymRepHLIM UBmeKIUloH-
BLIM YCTPOD:CTBOM. IIpuMepoM TaKon: YCTaHOBRU MomeT CJIymuTh yCTaHoBKa TUDa
SPA ipUpMLI «3aii;P;JI» (<Dpr) , DOI<a3aHHa1l Ba pBC. 16.4. 3Ta YCTaHOBKa COCTOBT
U3 CJIeAYIO ux Y3JIOB: nJIYHmepHoro JlHTLeBOro YCTpoiicTBa 1; KopDyca MaIDUHhl
c Kpyr.JILlM Bpam;alO UMC1I CTOJIOM 4 U BeCKOJILKUMU ipOpMOBLIMH CTaH U1IMB;
rU;p;paBJIUqeCKOH YCTaHOBKU; wKaipa 6 C aJIeKTpo060Py;p;oBaHueM; nYJIhTa ynpaIJJle-
HU1I 2. ,IJ.aBJJeHHe B JIHTLeBOM IUlJIHH;p;pe DJIyHmepBoro JIHTLeBOro YCTpOHCTBa
COCTaBJI1IeT 14 Mna.
BJlaro;p;ap1l MYJILTHDJIHKaTOPy C OTHoweBBeM 1 : 6 pe3HBOBa1l CMeCL BCIILITW-
BaeT ;p;aBJIeHHe, paBHoe 80 MIIa. JIBTheBOH HJlHHAP BLIDOJIHeH B BH;p;e peBOJILBepHOH
rOJIOBKH,- nOBOpaqHBaIO eiiC1l Ha 180°. IIocJIeAB1I1I HMeeT sap1l;JJ;BhIe YCTpoiicTBa 1()
H 11 AJI1I 606uH C lio;p;orpeTLIM MaTepHaJIOM eMKOCThlO 6,5 JI Kam;p;a1l. 1l0cJIe Toro
KaK 606HHa BCTaBJIeBa B aap1l;P;BOe YCTpoiicTBO, peBOJILBepHa1l rOJIOBKa DOBOpa'lU-
Bae-rC1I Ha 180° B 3ap1l;P;BOe YCTpoiicTBO OK&3LIBaeTC1I npOTUB oqepeABoii npecc-ipop-
MLI Ha KpyrJIOM Bpa alO eMC1I CTOJle 4. 3aTeM JIHTheBOe YCTpoiicTBO npHmBMaeTCJI
K ipopMe, DJIYHmep npHBO;p;HTC1I B ;P;BBmeHHe, H no;p; ero ;p;aBJIeBHeM MaTepHaJI BnpIal-
CKBBaCTC1I qepe3 JIHTLeBOe ConJIO B ipOPMY.
PeBOJIhBCpHa1l rOJIOBKa H KOHe DJIYBmepa MorYT 6WTh no;p;orpeTLI ;p;o 60-
120°C B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Depepa6aTLIBaeMoii CMecu. QT06LI ripe;P;OTBpaTHTh BLI;p;a-
BJIHBaHHe CMCCH H3 ipoPMLI B 06pasoBaBBe 3ayceB eB, MaWBBa B KOH e BnpblCKa
aBTOMaTJr1IeCKU DepeRJIIOqaeTC1I Ba pa60TY npB DOBHmeBBOM ;p;aBJIeBBB, peryJIHpy-
eMOM B He06xo;P;HMWX npe;p;eJIax. TeMnepaTYPBLIii pemBM MamHHLI perYJIHpyeTC1I
aBTOMamqeCKH C TO'lHOCThlO ;p;o :t 1°C. ,IJ.JI1I TO'lBOii eHTpOBKB JIBTheBOro CODJIa
C OTBepCTHeM B ipopMe DOJIOmeHHe JIUTLeBOro YCTpoiicTBa MomHO perYJIHpOBaTb
npH nOMOm;H rH;p;poycTaHoBKH B ropB30HTaJIbHOM B BepTBKaJIbHOM BanpaBJIeHlf1lX.
nOBOpa'lHBaHlfeM JIHTbeBOro YCTpoiicTBa Ha 90° MomBO 06eCne'lHTb cB060;P;BLIB ;p;o-
cTyn K CODJIY H BHYTpeHHeii DOJIOCTlf HJIHH;p;pa ;P;JI1I ero CTRH, npOBepKH If aaMeHb1
JIlfTheBOrO CODJla. 1l0cJIe;P;Hee JIerKO CHlfMaeTC1I DOCJlC OTBlfH'llfBaHH1I HtiRlfABoii
raiiKH.
553.
¥CHllHe 3a)l(HMa npecc-
(lOPMbI, MH , . . 0,07 0-1.2 3 5
qRCllO Dpecc-(lopM . 8 5 1 1
MaKCHMaJIbR8J1 TeMRepaTypa
BYJIK8BH3a
HH, !!C . . . . . 200 200 230 230
II pO
Oll)l(nTellbBocTb BYJlKaBH- 1-10 0,5-15
aaD;HH, MHB . . . . 2-16 0.5-15
IIoABOAHM8J1 MOm;BOCTb, RBT 23 46 25.5 35,0
faoapHTHbIe pa3Mepbl, 101M 2460 3500 1727 2300
AllHHa
mHpHsa 1800 3500 1875 2000
BblCOTa 2250 1700 2800 3000
Macca, T 3.4 13 7,6 10
llJIYHmepHbIe JIUTLeBbIe MamUHbI O'leHL pacnpocTpaHeHbI B pesuHoBoD npoMbI-
WJIeHHOCTU. OHU aKOHOMB'lHbI Aame npu He60JILmUX napTUlIX U3rOTaBJIUBaeMbIX
U3AeJIUD, 06eCne'lUBaIOT AOCTaTO'lHO 60JILmOe AaBJIeHUe JIUTLlI - AO 300 Mlla
U 6oJIee, OTJIUqaIOTClI npocTOToD KOHCTpyR
lIII. B npaKTUKe OTeqeCTBeHHLlX 3aBOAOB
pesuHoBoD npOMbImJIeHHOCTU AJIlI u3rOTOBJIeHUlI KpynHora6apuTHbIx <}IOpMOBbIX
U3AeJIUD U USAeJIUD CJIOmHOD <}IOpMbI C ycnexoM npUMeHlIIOTClI rUApaBJIB'leClme
nJIYHmepHbIe JIUTLeBbIe MaWUHbI pa3JIUqHbIX pa3MepOB C YCUJIUeM npeCCOBaHUlI OT 1
AO 12 MH, xapaKTepUCTUKa KOTOpbIX npBBeAeHa BbIme (CM. Ta6JI. 16.1).
OAHaKo aTU MamUHbI UMeIOT U pllA cym;ecTBeHHbIX HeAOCTaTKOB: 60JILmall BbI-
COTa npu BepTUKaJILHOM UCnOJIHeHUU, Heo6xoABMoCTL UMeTL AOnOJIHUTeJILHbIe
A03UpYIOm;ee U nOAorpeBaTeJILHOe yCTpODCTBO AJIlI nOJIyqeHUlI 3arOTOBOK pe3uHo-
BOD cMecu, cpaBHUTeJILHall TPYAHOCTL MexaHu3a
uB npo
ecca nOAa'lu 3arOTOBKB
B JIUTLeBYIO KaMepy npecca.
16.2. nHTbEBbiE MAWHHbl C LlEPBflLlHblM HHH<EKLJ.HOHHblM
ArPEr A TOM (LlEPBflLlHbIE)
,rI.JIlI JIUTLlI pesuHbI nOA AaBJIeHUeM HapllAY C MamllHaMII nJIyHmepHoro Tuna
BbInYCKaIOTClI BepTUKaJIbHbIe U ropU30HTaJILHbIe MamUHbI C BHmeK
BOHHbIM arpe-
raTOM qepBlI'tHoro Tllna, Ha3bIBaeMbIe qepBlIqHhIMU.
B CCCP qepBlIqHbIe JlBTLeBbIe MamUHbI (npeCCbI) AJIlI peSUHbI BbInym;eHbI II aKC-
nJIyaTupyroTClI ABYX Tunopa3MepOB: BepTUKaJILHbJD npecc 1\-2 C AaBJIeHUeM JIIITLlI
160 Mlla.u ropU30HTaJILHall JIIITLeBall MamUHa 1{-4 C oAHono3u
uoHHOD npeccy-
IOm;eD rpynnoD. BbmycKaIOTclI TaKme KapyceJILHbIe qepB1I'IBbIe nOJIyaBToMaTbI
KOHCTpyR
UU 3aBOAa «l\pacHbID pe3BHm;UK» AJIlI B3rOTOBJIeHUlI <}IOPMOBbIX AeTaJIeD
cpeAHux (Tun I) U MeJIKUX (Tun II) pa3MepOB. I\poMe Toro, BHCTBTYTOM
BHUUPTMAIII pa3pa6oTaHbI B U3rOTOBJIeHbI npOMLIlDJIeBHbIe 06paS
bI HOBbIX qep-
BlIqHbIX JIUTLeBbIX MamUH AJIlI pe3UHbI, KOTopbIe HaMeQeHO BbInycKaTL cepUDHO
B 6JIBmaDmee BpeMlI.
TeXHUqeCKall xapaKTepUCTUKa OTe'leCTBeHHbIX QepBlIqHbIX JIUTLeBbIX MamJIH
npUBOAUTClI B Ta6JI. 16.2.
UHmeK
uoHHbIe arperaTbI QepBlI'IHOrO Tuna ooeCneQUBaIOT AaBJIeHUe JIUTLlI
AO 30 Mlla. OHU npUMeHlIIOTClI AJIlI U3rOTOBJIeBUlI He6oJILmIlX, npOCTbIX no KOH<}IU-
rypa
uu AeTaJIeD.
llpu nOBbImeHBU AaBJIeHUlI B <}IopMe B03HUKaeT 06paTHbID nOTOK MaTepUaJIa
Meil\AY CTeHKOD
JIUHApa MaWUHbI U QepBlIKOM, U AaBJIeHUe JIBTLlI naAaeT. ,rI.JIlI
YCTpaHeHBlI aToro lIBJIeHUlI npllMeHlIIOTClI YCTpODCTBa B BRAe nopora IIJIU meCTep-
HeD, HaXOAlIm;BXClI B 3a
enJIeHUII C Hape3KOD QepBlIKa. C nOMOm;LIO TaKUX YCTPODCTB
AaBJIeHUe JIUTLlI MomHO nOBbICUTL AO 150-170 Mlla.
JIIITLeBoe YCTPODCTBO TaKOD MamBHbI cHa6meHo qepBlIKOM C OTHOmeHUeM
, AJIB1II>I K ABaMeTpy OT 8: 1 AO 12 : 1; CTeneHL CmaTlIlI AOCTuraeT 1,3-1,4. QUJIBHAP
555
Ta6.4.Ulfa 16.2. TeXBH'IeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBKa OTe'leCTBe.......X JDITI>eBhlX MamHH
1JepBJI'lBOI'O THna
llJl peaHHhI
b I =
I:: ==
MalllBUbi H "" ...'"
.., Q,8.-
., .,
JlIITbenl>le Q, EI :C;G)S
KOHCT
IIIJ.HB ... "" =2'"
aaBO)l.8« P8CRblII = c:"':' !<D c: ....,.,
OS 0_ 0 <D
OS Q.<
pCaHRII\IIK') .. "'''' ",' .. , c....
., <oJ, .,t- ., '= ><,g
U8 p811e1'p1ol 011'= "''= 011- "'c:'=
,,"'" ..
., Ii'" &j:2l'" =:210
="" :S:"" 01111 :s
0;..... c::.::...... e:;C:
'= ..'= !;I
t :a..
OS.", ,,"0'=
.... 5<;' ",of) OS 111'= .
o
.... .... <-"" '"0 t;-;: '"10 s:>oc>
e- .,' el 8.fca
1:1 1:1 OS I:;: Q,- Q,,,,
== == ::;:;::;;: <-I:;:
<
oC:.n
.. .. « <'" <.:..,""
ROBCTPYKD;HJI MamBB Rapycem.Bble fOpB30BTallbBble BepTHKallb- fOpR30B- BepTu-
pOTopHble BblB C ne- T&JlbBbli KaJlbBbli
peMem.eBBeM C pOTOpOM
JIRTbeBOro B BepTR-
YCTpOBCTBa KallbBYMH
no 4IPOBTY (lopMo,J:{ep-
maTellJlMB
¥CRJIBe JIRTbJl, MH 3 3 17 17 17 16 15
Y CRJlBe aamRMa MDT,
MH 3 3 2.5 2.5 2.5 4 4
061.eM BnpblCKa. CM3 700 500 250 250 250 400 11000
qHCllO YCTaROBlleB-
HIIIX c)OPM .. . . 10 5 1 4 3 6 1
Pa60'lee AaBJleBBe B
rHAPOCBCTcMe, Mlla 6 6 10 10-20 5; 10; 20 10 10
.I\uaMeTp 'IepBIIKa, MM 63 63 45 45 45 80 -
qacTOTa Bpam.eBBH
tJepBJlKa, 06/AfRB 23; 33; 78 33; 41; 3O-t2O 30-120 46; 50; -
44;77 48; 59; 51: 61;
68: 99 72; 82
Pa3Mep npecc-(lopM,
101M
AJIRHa 400 400 400 400 400 500 600
mRpRHa 400 400 400 400 400 400 650
BYCOTa - - 40-120 4O-t20 40-150 40-150 650
Pa60'lD npOCBeT
. npecca, W( , . . . - - - - - 400 700
Cnoc06 BarpeBa nJIaT HBAYKD;BOBBJdii 311eKTpB'looKBii: napoBoii
911eKTpB1J8CKRB
M OIlJ,llOCTL Barpeua-
.,eJIbBblX 911eMeBTOB,
KBT . . 12 8 10,4 16 18 48 -
TeMncpaTypa BarpeBa, .I\o 200 130- 130-200
DC . . . . . . . . .I\ 0 200 130-200 )J;0200 100
200
MOJIUIOCTb 311eKTpo-
BHraTellei, KBT 16 7 15.4 20,0 21,0 18,5 55
fa6apRTBble paaMepbl,
101M
AllJISa 3180 2340 3900 4250 5600 7450 2312-
mBpBBa 3030 2050 3600 2600 3000 3500 2200
BblCOTa 2350 2350 2700 2500 3200 4300 578i
Macca, T 8 3,4 8,0 8,7 13,5 29,0 -
.. Arper8T upeAII8aaaqeS Ami a8nOJlsesWI CIoIPOil: pe3BSOBOil: CIIecblO IIPecootOpM C noon."IO.1 8yn-
KaBB381(KeiI: B 8BTOKnaae BJlK R BynK8J1BS8nBOBSOM upecce.
556
BMeeT BeCROJILRO 80H ooorpena: TeMnepaTypa no p;JIHHe n;UJIHHp;pa ROJIeOJIeTCSI OT
20-25 °C B SO He sarpYSRU p;o 100°C B SOHe rOJIOBRU.
I1uTaHue JIUTLeBOro YCTpODCTBa '1epBJI1IBOrO Tuna peSUHOBoi CMeCLIO B Bup;e
rpaHYJI UJIU JIeHTLI (c RaTymRU) npOUSBOp;HTCSI '1epes sarPYSO'lHYIO BOpOBRY U MO-
meT OLITL MexaBusupOBaHO. PeSUBOBaSl CMeCL, nop;aBaeMaSl B MaIDUBY, Be symp;aeTCSI
B nop;orpeBe, TaR RaR OBa HarpeBaeTCSI U nJIaCTHn;UPyeTcSI B D;1IJIHHp;pe HHmeRn;1IOB-
Boro YCTpODCTBa.
CxeMa UHmeRn;UOHHoro YCTpODCTBa '1epBSI'IHOrO Tuna C nop;aqeu peSUHOBOH
Cl\feCU B Bup;e JIeBTLI C RaTymRu 7 nORasaBa Ba pUC. 16.5, a, a UHmeRn;UOHBoro
arperaTa C sanopHLlM YCTpoiicT- 8
BOM B Bup;e meCTepBB 9, HaX01J;SI-
eiicSI B san;enJIeBBU C '1epnSlROM
3, p;nSl YMeHhmeBBSI npOTUBOTOKa
CMeCH npu nOBLlmemm p;aBJIeH1IS1
B
opMe - Ba pUC. 16.5, 6. ,
HHor1J;a p;nSl npep;OTBpalD;eHUSI
npOTHBOTORa npHMeBSleTCSI ynJIOT-
BSlIOID;ee YCTpoiicTBO B BU1J;e sa-
nopBoro Konn;a 5 (pHC. 16.6),
upenSlTcTBYlOlD;ero oopaTHoMY ne-
peTeRaBBIO pesHHoBoH CMeCB no
BUTRaM '1epBSlKa B MOMeBT BnpLl-
CRa CMecu B
OPMY. KOJILn;O Bpa-
aeTCSI BMeCTe C '1epBSlKOM 6;
rOJIOBKa MyBp;DITYRa 2 B 3TOM
-CJI}"Iae HMeeT OTRpLlToe conJIO 1.
BepTuKaJILBaSl '1epBJI1IBaSl
JIBTLeBaSl MamUBa K-2 (puc. 16.7)
BLlnOJIHeHa B BU1J;e '1eJIIOCTHOro _
npecca. HHmeRD;1IoBHLlH arperaT
4 '1epBJI1IHOrO Tuna pacnOJIOmeH
BepTURaJILHO H MomeT nepeMe-
aTLCSI no BLlCOTe npH nOMolD;H
rHp;paBJIH'leCRUX YCTPOHCTB 5 U 6.
npBB01J; p;Byxsaxop;Horo '1epBSlRa
OCyJD;eCTBJISleTCSI OT 3JIeRTpOp;BH-
raTeJISI.10 '1epes RJIHHOpeMeBHyro
nepe1J;a'lY 11 U ROPOOKY cRopocTeH
2, YCTaBOBJIeBBYIO B BepxHeH '1a-
CTH cTammLl1. npeccyroJD;Hii yseJI npUBOp;HTCSI B 1J;BHmeHUe OT rUp;paBJIH'leCROH
CTaBn;UU 9. <I>opMa YCTaHaBJIUBaeTCSI Ha n01J;BUmBbIH CTOJI 7 U samm.t:aeTCSI 11M B
'1eJIIOCTHOM npOCBeTe npecca 1J;aBJIeHHeM p;o 150 Mna. JIuTLeBaSl rOJIOBRa 4 onYCKaeTCSI
DpU nOMOID;H rUp;paBJI1I'IeCRUX YCTPOHCTB 5 B 6 H npUmHMaeTCSI R
opMe 1J;aBJIe-
oeM p;o 40 Mna.
KOBTPOJILBHH RJIanaB rOJIOBKU C COnJIOM 3 OTRpLlBaeTCSI nepep; SanOJIBemeM
OpMLI pesHBoBoH CMeCLIO. no SanOJIHemm
OpMLI RJIanaH aBTOMaTU'IeCKU saRpLl-
BaeTCSI. nJIUTLI npecca cHaomeBLI 3JIeKTpOBarpeBaTeJILBLlMH 3JIeMeBTaMH, 06ecne-
'1HBaIOID;Bl\fH HarpeB npecc-
opM p;o TeMnepaTYPbl BYJIKaHUsan;BB.
BepTHRaJILBHe Mammm: BeY1J;OOHLI P;JISI DOp;a'lH MaTepUaJIa, n03TOMY OOJILmee
pacnpOCTpaHeBue nOJI}"IHJm MamBHLI c ropUSOBTaJILHbIM pacnOJIOmemeM HHmeR-
n;UOBBoro YCTpoHcTBa.
npeHMyJD;ecTBOM JIHTLeBLlX Mama '1epBJI1IBOrO Tuna nepep; nJIyBmepBLlMB
1IBJISleTCSI BOSMomBOCTL USMeBeHUSI P;OSLI BnpLlCRa B mupOKUX npep;eJIax, orpaH.H'lu-
BaeMLlX JIBDIL BospaCTaBBeM 1J;aBJIeBBSI B
opMe B peSRHM YBeJm'leHUeM npOTUBOTORa
. ..g-
PBC. 16.5. CxeMbl HBmeKD;HOBBblX YSJlOB 'IepBB'lBOrO
TBDa JIHTb8Bwt MamBB
JIa peaRBY:
a - UBTaTenb (lea aaDopnoro YCTPottCTBa; 6 - UBTaTemt c
a8UopHWM YCTPOttCTBOM B BBlte mecTepBB;
1 - ronoBKa QllJIllHAPa; 2 - KOpD}'C uamnrJlpa; 8 - 'Iepalll<;
4 - 9neK1'pOltBBraTCJIb DpBBOna qepBIIKa; S - aarpyao'lll&JI DO-
pORKa; 6 - neHTa pE'aBHoBott cMeaB; 1 - KaTYtDKa; 8 - P6AyJC-
TOp; 9 - a8UOpH&JI meCTepRII.
557
.5
7
PRe. 16,6. CxeMa rOJIOBBOH 'IaCTR
HllRB
pa 'IepBB'lBOrO DRTaIOII.{ero YCTpoicTBa C ynllOTBeBReM
B BRAe 3aDopBoro KOJIIt
a:
1 - COUJlO; 2 - rOJlOBKa MYlI)tWTYKa; 3 - MyJI)tWTYK; 4 - KOPOYC l\HJlBB)tpa; 5 - 381IOpHOe KOJlbl\O: 6 - qep-
BilK: 1 - KaBaJl.. )tJlII o(iorpeBa l\HJlHIIJ1.pa; 8 - TOpoell006pa3RMI 1'0JlOBKa qepBIIKa,
l.1 I
11 I
I tr==-f=:;I
I:
:
LC-- -"
r- ,-'
I I
,....L I
J_\
-t-'
I
I 7'
11-1; _ -
II i-
II I I
II 1,- ,J
.,..-----------...
I \
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I
I-____________...J
)
----J
- 7
01
'I
II
II
II
"
:1 I
"
8
PRe. 16.7. OOIl.{Ri BH
'IepBB1JHOH llHTlteBOH MaWRBY R-2:
1 - CTaHIIHa; 2 - Kop06Ka CKOPOCTCtt; 8 - JlBTbeBOe COOJlO; 4 - qepBllqRall JlBTbeBall rOJlOBKa; 5, 6 - rBltPo-
YCTpottCTBa IImI uepe)tBB)f(eRHII JlBTbeBott roJlOBKB; 1 - HB)f(BBtt CTOJI; 8 - OJlYII)f(CP; 9 - rBJtpaBJIII'lecKall
CTaRl\IIII; 10 - BJleKTPo)tBBraTCJlb opBBolta qepBIIJla; 11 - KJlBROpeMeRH8JI oepe.o;aqa.
CMeCH BAOJIL 'IepBJlRa, B pe3YJILTaTe 'Iero B03HHRaeT OnaCHOCTL nOABYJIRaHH3a H
CMeCH B HHmeRn;HOHHOM YCTpODCTBe. JIuTLeBye MamllHY 'IepBJI1IHOrO THna B nOCJIeA-
HHe rOALI BCe 60JILme BYTeCHJlIOTCJI MaIDlIHaMH 'IepBJI'IHO-nJIysmepHOrO THna.
TeM He MeHee PJlA 3apy6emHYX HPM H3rOTaBJIHBaeT 'IepBJI'IHYe JIBTLeBYe MaIDHHY
B mHpOROM AHana30He THnopa3MepOB.
16.3. m1TbEBbiE MAWHHbl C LlEPBflLlHO.nnYHH<EPHbIM
HHH<EKLI,HOHHbIM ArpEr A TOM
B nOCJIeAHHe rOAY 60JILmHHCTBo 3apy6emHYX HpM nepemJIo Ha BYnycR
JIHTLeBYX MamHH 'IepBJI'IHO-nJIYHmepHOD: ROHCTpYRn;HH. 3TO 061>JlCHJleTCJI TeM, 'ITO
3TH MamHHY CO'leTaIOT AOCTOHHCTBa nJIysmepHYX (B03MomHOCTL H3MeHeHHJI AaBJIe-
HHJI JIHTLJI B mHpORHX npeAeJIax) H 'IepBJI'IHYX MamHH (B03MomHOCTL H3MeHeHHJI
061>eMa BnpbICRa H JIerROCTL MexaHH3an;mI nOAa'lH MaTepUaJIa B MamIlHY).
CXeMaTJI1IeCRH 'IepBSI'IHO-nJIYHmepHoe HHmeRn;HOHHoe YCTPOHCTBO nORa3aHO
Ha pHC. 16.8. OHO COCTOHT 113 nOAalOlI\erO YCTpOHCTBa, ROTopoe B AaHHOM CJlyqae
PHC. 16.8. CxeMa JIHTbeBOrO YCTpoBCTBa 'IepBB'lBo-DJlyml(epBoi MaDIBBY:
1 - QIInRR)lp; 2 - qepBRK; :1 - 8arpyaOqH8JI BopoHKa; 4 - neBT& Pe3BBOBOtt CMeaB; S - KaTYlllKa; 6 - pe-
IlYKTOP; 7 - W eB8JI XBOCTOBall 'l8CTb qepBJl'Ka; 8 - unylDl<ep l'IUQ>o pa ABOttRoro ltettCTBBII; 9 - 9neK-
TPOltBBraTenb npBDolta qepBIIKa,
npeACTaB SleT C060H RaTYWRY 5 C HaMOTaHHOH HenpepYBHOD JIeHTOH pe3HHOBOH
CMeCH 4. B APymx MamHHax OHO BynOJIHeHO B BHAe 6YHRepa C A03HPYIOII\HM yCT-
POiiCTBOM AJIJI nOAa'lH MaTepHaJIa B BHAe rpaHYJI. qepBJlR 2, npHBOAHMYH B ABHme-
BHe OT 3JIeRTpOABllraTeJIJI 9 'Iepe3 peAYRTOp 6, B XBOCTOBOM ROHn;e HMeeT mJIHn;e-
BYIO 'IaCTL 7, coeAHBeHHYIO C nJIYHmepOM 8 mApaBJIH'leCROrO nBJIHHApa ABOHHoro
AeHCTBHJI; 'IepBJlR MomeT nepeMelI\aTbCJI BAOJIL OCH nBJIIIHApa.
Pa60Ta UHmeRn;HOHHoro YCTpOHCTBa npoHcxoAHT CJIeAYlOlI\HM 06pa30M. Pe-
3HHOBaJi CMeCL nocTynaeT B 3arpY30'lHyro BOPOHRY, 3aXBaTYBaeTCJI 'IepBJlROllf,
nJIaCT HpyeTCJI, paaorpeBaeTCJI H nepeMelI\aeTCJI R rOJIOBRe MamHHY. TIpH OTHO-
meHHH AJIHHY 'IepBJlRa R ero AHaMeTpy, paBHOM 8-12, AOCTHraeTCJI xopomaJi rOMO-
reHHOCTL H TeRY'IeCTL CMeCH.
TeMnepaTypa CMeCH ROHTpOJIHpyeTCJI H aBTOMaTB'leCRH nOMepmHBaeTcJI Ha He-
o6xOAHMOM ypOBHe C TO'lHOCTLIO :t (1 -:- 2) °C BRJIIO'IeH'BeM HarpeBaTeJILHOrO HJIH
OXJIamAalOlI\ero YCTpODCTBa B Ropnyce n;HJIIIHApa H B TeJIe 'IepBJlRa. HarpeB Ma-
mHHY MomeT OCYlI\eCTBJIJlTLCJI npH nOMOII\H 3JIeRTpOHarpeBaTeJILHYX 3JIeMeHTOB
HJIH BCJIeACTBHe n;HpRYJIJlnBH TenJIOHOCHTeJIJI (HarpeTOD mHAROCTH).
TIo Mepe nOAa'lH 'IepBJlROM pe3HHOBOD CMeCH B nepeAHlO1O 'IaCTL D;HJIHHApa npH
aaRpYTOM RJIanaHe JIHTLeBOro conJIa nOBymaeTCJI AaBJIeHHe CMeCH, 'IepBJlR nOA
AeiicTBHeM 3Toro AaBJIeHHJI OTOABHraeTCJI Ha3aA, npeOAOJIeBaJl3aAaHHoe H perYJIHpye-
Moe B mHpORHX npeAeJIaX AaBJIeHHe nOAnopa B npaBOD 'IaCTH rHApaBJIH'IeCROrO
D;HJIIIHApa.
559,
MamHHbI HMelOT CTOJI C nOABHmllLlM YCTPOHCTBOM, n03BOJIJlIOD\HM BbIABHraT:&
OPMY
B CTOPOHY AJIJI ee nepeSapJlAKH. nOBOpOTHbIH CTOJI SaRpbIT CneI(HaJIbHbIM orpamAa-
IOII(HM RO>RYXOM 8.
tPopMoAepmaTeJI:& (pHC. 16.10) COCTOHT us HumBeH TpaBepcbI 1, 3aRpenJIeBBOH
Ba nOBopoTBOM CTOJIe, H BepxHeH TpaBepCbI 8; 06e TpaBepChI coeAHHeBbI TpeMJI
aHRepHbIMH TJlraMH 7. B BepxBeH TpaBepce 8 pacnOJIOmeB rUApaBJIUlIeCRUH I(HJIIIHAP
9, Ha mTORe 10 ROToporo 88RpenJIeH BepxBBi: nOABu»OIoii CTOJI 6 C paSMelI(eBBoii Ba
BeM BepxBeii HarpeBaTeJI:&Boii nJIllToii 5 AJIJI RpenJIeHUJI BepxHeii nOJIOBHHbI
OpMbI 4.
BepxlIBi nOABumlll>lii CTOJI npeAHaSBalleB AJIJI saRpbIBaBUJI
OpM pasJI1I1J:Boii BbI-
COTLI. B IIHmHeH TpaBepce 1 pacnOJIOmeH rHApaBJI1I1J:eCRHH I(UJIHBAP, ooeCnellUBa-
IOII(Bi: saamM saRpbIToii
OPMbI yCHJIUeM AO 5 MH. XOA rHApaBJIH1J:eCROrO
JIHlI,lI;pa
COCTaBJIJleT Bcero 10 MM.
Ha BHmHeM CTOJIe 12 RpenUTCJI BUmBJIJI BarpeBaTeJI:&BaJi nJIUTa 2 C BHmBeH
nOJIOBIIHOii clx>PMbI 3. 3anHpaBue S8RpbITbIX clx>PM npOHSBOAJITCJI TpeMJI nOBopOT-
BHMU CTepmBJlMU 11, ROTopbIe U npllHIDtalOT Ha ceoJl YCUJIHe, BOSHID<aIOlI(ee B
opMe
U CTpeMJlII\eeCJI OTRpbITb ee. B cJIyqae U3rOTOBJIeHHJI 01leB:& BbICORHX H3AeJIHH CBO-
60AHoe npocTpaBcTBo MemAY nJIlITaMH 5 H 2 MomeT 6bIT:& YBeJIJl1IeBO sa ClIeT YAJIU-
BeBUJI aBRepBbIx TJlr.
B cTaHAapTBoM HCnOJIBeBHU 060rpeB
OpM npousBOAUTCJI 3JIeRTpOHarpeBa-
TeJI:&BbIMH 3JIeMemaMU, BMOBTHpOBaBIII>IMU B HarpeBaTeJI:&HbIe nJIlITbI 2 H 5, HO Ma-
mllHa MOa\eT DMeT:& H napoBoii 060rpeB nJIDT. TeMnepaTypa nJIBT nO}Ul;epmHBaeTCJI
Ba HeOOXOAIDtOM ypoBHe aBTOMaTH1J:eCRH (TepMoperYJIJlTOpOM). HeRoTopbIe MamllHbI,
npeAHaSHalleHlII>Ie AJIJI JIHTbJl CJIOmBbIX HSAeJIDH, cBaomeHbI npncnOCOOJIeHHeM
AJIJI aBTOMaT1l1J:eCROrO YAaJIeBHJI BosAyxa HS
OpM HJIH nOCTaBJIJlIOTCJI C BaRYYM-ycTa-
BOBROH.
HHme npHBOAHTCJI TeXB1I1J:eCRaJi xapaRTepHCTllRa
opMoAepmaTeJIeH
DplfbI
«):\ecMa»:
THD (lopMoAepmaTellJl 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04
YCBJlHe 3&MYKaBRJI, MH 5 5 3 2
BlllcoTa (loPMbl, MM . . . 300 200 200 200
npOCBeT. IU\>KAY DOllODJI- 600 400 400 400
BaMB cf)oPMY, MM . . .
IIpocBeT MemAY DJIRTaMH, 900 600 600 600
MM . . . . . . . . .
T-(JIHHa
OpMY, MM . . . 740 520 520 440
lliHpHBa (IoPMhI, 101M 600 420 420 420
II pocBeT Me)l(,l{y aBKep- 520 440
8111MB TJlraMH, MM . . . 720 540
1I0BepXBOCT& (loPMhI, CM2 4440 2184 2184 1540
HHmeKI\HOHHbIii: arperaT, npeACTaBJIJlIOII(Hii c060ii OABOllepBJllIHYIO Mamny,
061I(Hi BHA ROTOpOH CXeMaT1l1J:eCRH nORasaB Ha pHC. 16.11, COCTOIIT D3 oCHoBaHHJll
C RopnycoM 2, CMOHTupoBaHHbIM Ba BanpaBJIJlIOII(HX 15. I.\DJIHHAP MamHHLI4
HMeeT lIeTbIpeXCeRI\HoBBYIO CDCTeMY 3JIeRTpOOoorpeBa D OXJIamAeBDJI BOAoii: C aBTO-
MaTJl1Ie({RIDt perYJIHpOBallHeM TeMnepaTypbI OTAeJI:&BO AJIJI RamAoH CeRI\BB. Ynpa-
BJIeHHe cucTeMoii ooorpena H OXJIamAeBDJI cocpeAOTOlleHO Ba nYJI:&Te 3.
Ha ROBI\e lIepBJlRa 6 C oAHosaxoAHoii pes:&ooii (L: D = 12) nOMelI(eHa BacaARa
«TOpneAa)) AJIJI 60JIee paBBOMepHoro nepeMeIDBBaHHJI peslIHoBoii CMeCH. BByrpD
lIepBJlR8 HMeeTCJI nOJIOCT:&, B ROTOpyro 1J:epes YCTpoiicTBO 14 nOAaeTCJI OXJIamAa-
IOlI(aJi BOAa. 3arpysRa MaTepHaJIa B BRAe rpaBYJI npOHSBOAHTCJI "Iepes sarpY301l-
Byro BOPOBRY 7. HeRoTopbIe MiUJIBHbI BMeCTO sarpysollBoii BOpOHRH cHaomeHbI
AepmaTeJIeM AJIJI nllTaBWI MamllHbI BenpepbIBBoH JIeHTOH .pesHHoBoH CMeCH C 00-
o JDIJ>t.
qepBJlR npDBOAHTCJI B ABHmeBHe OT 3JIeRTpoABHraTeJIJI 10 C perYJIHpyeMbI
f
1J:UCJIOM OOOpOTOB 1J:epes peAYRTop 9. Bo BpeMJI BnpbICRa lIepBJlR pa60TaeT KaR
DJIYHmep n nepeMelI(aeTCJI BAOJI:& OCU I(DJIHHApa npH nOMOII(1l rUApaBJIWleCROro
562
JIUBp;pa 12, mTOR ROToporo 11 coep;mleB C XBOCTOBon mJI
eBOn '1aCTbIO 8 '1ep-
BJiRa. nOp;BOp; H DpumuM JIUTbeBOrO CODJIa 5 R
pMe DpOU3BOp;UTCJI B peSYJILTaTe
DepeMe
eBHJI Ropuyca '1epBJI1IBOB MaIDmu.I DO BaDpaBJIJlIO
M CTaBHHLI 15 DpH
DOMOII\H CDen;UaJILBOrO rup;poycTpoBcTBa.
3ap;aBBoe DOJIOmeBHe RopDyca MaIDJDILI DO OTHOmeBUIO R
pMe YCTaHaBJIH-
BaeTCJI DpU DOMOII\U ID;YDa 19 (pHC. 16.12), B03p;eiicTBYlOlI\ero Ba ROHn;eBoH BbIRJIIO-
'1aTeJlL. 3TO oco6eBBo BamBO DpH YCTaBOBRe Ha DOBOpOTHOM CTOJIe
OpM pa3JIH'IHLlX
pa3MepoB. ,IJ.JIJI Dpep;OTBpalD;eHUJI 06paTBoro DOTORa pe3HBoBon CMecH 'lepe3 3a30p
Memp;y '1epBSlROM U CTellROB
JIlmp;pa B MOMeHT BDpLlCRa YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCJI YDJI9T-
BlITeJILBOe 3aDopHoe ROJILn;O, aBa.JIOrH'lHOe DORa3aHHOMY Ba pHC. 16.6.
tIT06L1 UCRJIIO'IIITL BbITeRaBHe pe3mlOBoii CMeCH HS CODJIa MalliHBbI BOBpeMJI
DJIaCTllRan;IDl, Rorp;a rOJIOBRa Be CODpHRaCaeTCJI C
opMoii, JIHTLeBOe CODJIO 7
(CM. pHC. 16:.12) BLlDOJIBJIIOT 3aRpLlBaID
HMCJI; CODJIO 3aRpbIBaeTCJI' aBTOMam'leCRH
8 10
'"
l
IS
1 6
I
PBC. 1&.H. HlDKeKD;BoBBYi arperaT 'IepBB'lBo-DJlYBmepBoro TBBa !lJBPMbl cAecMu:
1 '- ocaoB8BBe; 2 - KOPUYC; a - nym,'1' yJIpaaneRBJI CBCTeMOtt oOorpeBa; 4 - IUIJIIIRJ1P; 5 - CODno; , - .ep-
BIlK; 'I - 8arpyaoqSall BopOSKa; 8 - XBOCTOB8JI llUlllqeB8JI qaCTb QepBIIKa; 9 - peJlYKTop; 10 - aneKTpO-
AlIJIJ'a_; 11 - mTOR rB;ll.pOIUIJIII1IJIPO; 12 - rBJIP0llJ'!.llll'f.!lp; 18 - Dopmesb; 14 - YCTPottCTBO AM UOA80Jla
B 0'l'B0JJ;a oznaH\JIalOlI\et! IfIDDKOCTO I< qePBIIKY; 14 - HaJIpaBJllllOlI\Dei 16 - Ko
eBIIle BIoIMlOqaTeJl1l,
DPH DOMOII\H rH)J.pO
HJIHBp;pa 9, mTORa 4 H DOBopOTBoro 30JIOTBHRa 5. rH)J.pOn;H-
JIHBP;p 9 YRpeDJICB Ba RopDyce rOJIOBRH 11 Ba RpOBmTeHBe 6.
Ha pUC. 16.12 DORa3aB TaRme TeDJIOBOn ROJIJIeRTOp 8, OT ROToporo TeDJIODpOBO-
P;aMH 9 06orpeBalOID;aSl mH)J.ROCTL DOp;aeTCJI R rOJIOBRe 11 MamHHbI H R 30BaM 060-
rpeBa
JIJmp;pa 12. ¥DpaBJIeBHe Dop;a'leii TeDJIa DpOH3BO)J.HTCJI C DYJILTa.
HBmeR
oBBLlii arperaT pa60TaeT B aBTOMaTH'IeCROM n;DRJIe, YDpaBJIeBHe
cocpe)J.OTO'leBO na DYJILTe 7 ,(CM. pHC. 16.9). XapaRTepHcTHRa HBmeRn;HOBBbIX
arperaTOB, 'DpUMeBJleMLlX
HpMon «,IJ.ecMa)) B JIHTLeEbIX MamllBax )J.JIJI DpOH3BO)J.CTBa
pe311B0TeXBH'leCRHX H3p;eJIJm H p;eTaJIen 06YBH, DpHBOP;HTCJI BDme (L: D = 12,
'1HCJIO 30H 060rpeBa - 4):
TBn arperaTa .. . . . . . . . . .
AUaMeTp 'IepBJlKa, 101M . . . . . . . 135
06'1>9" BDpYCKa, CIoI3 . . . . . . . . 5150
AaBJIeSUe llUTltJl, MIla . . . . . . . 112.5
MOIQBOCTIt 8JIeKTpoABBI'aTeJIJI DpBBo
a
'IepBJlKa, KBT ...... . . . . 75
MOIQBOCTb 8JIeKTpouarp_eBaTeJlItBYX
8JIeMeB1'OB D;UJIBB1Q>a, KBT .. . . 18.2 13.2 9.8 9 11,4 6.0
I'Bp;paBJIH'lecRaSl YCTaBOBRa 06eCDe'lDBaeT DO)J.a'lY pa60'leii mHp;RoCTH-
KaCJIa R BBmeRn;HOBBOMY arperaTY,
pMop;epmaTeJIJlM H RpyrJIOMY DOBOPOTBOMY
W
5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04
120 100 90 75 65
4070 2120 1720 1150 765
142 110 136 130 140
75
59
45
30
14
HbIX BbIme. n03TOMY OCTaHOBHMCSI JIHWL Ha OnHCaBBH BeROTOpbIX MamHH, OTJIH1J:-
HbIX no ROMnOHOBRe OT paCCMOTpeHBbIX paBee.
<I>HpMa «ERRepT H
HrJIep» (<I>pr) H3rOTaBJIHBaeT JIHTLeBbIe MamHHbI C
OpMO-
epmaTeJISlMH, YCTaBOBJIeHBbIMH Benop;BHmHO no P;yre oRpymHocTH H C nOBOpa1J:H-
BalOm;eBCSI HHmeRI{HOBHOB YCTaBOBROB B D;eBTpe. Kopnyc HHmeRD;BoBBOB yCTaBo-
BRH CMOBTHpOBaH Ba nOBopoTHOB nJIaT
pMe; OB MomeT nOBOpa1J:HBaTLCSI H nO
BO-
)VITI. JIHTLeBOe ConJIO R JII060B H3 YCTaHOBJIeHHbIX 1J:eTbIpeX npecc-
opM.
HJIHHP;P
1J:epBJI1IBOB MamHBbI HMeeT TpH 30HbI 060rpeBa. 3arpY3Ra MamHIILI rpaBYJIBpOBaH-
HOB pe3HHoBoB CMeCLIO npoH3BoP;HTCSI p;03HpylOm;HM 3arpY301J:HbIM YCTPOBCTBOM.
qacToTa BpaII\eHHSI 1J:epBSlRa, p;aBJIeHHe JIHTLSI H yCHJIHe 3ailtHMa
OpM TaR me, RaR
H TeMnepaTYPHbIB pemHM MamHIILI, perYJIHpYIOTCSI 6eccTyneH1J:aTO H aBTOMaTH1J:e-
CRH. Heyp;06cTBO Mamu:BbI 3TOB ROHCTpyRn;HH 3aRJII01J:aeTCSI B TOM, 1J:TO C'LeM ro-
TOBoro H3p;eJIHSI npOHCXOP;HT B pa3JIH'lHbIX MeCTax, HO 3aTO Ba BeB MomBO
opMOBaTL
H3p;eJIHSI pa3JIJ111HOB ROH
HrypaD;HH C pa3HbIM pemHMOM BYJIRaBH3an;HH.
JIHTLeBaSl Mamu:Ba
HpMbI «aBreJIb» (ABCTpHSI) OTJIH1J:aeTCSI OT onHcaBHOB Ma-
mHHbI
HpMbI «ERRepT H
HrJIep» TeM, 'lTO
opMOp;epiI<aTeJIH pacnOJIOmeHbI He-
nop;BHmHO B OP;HY JIHBHIO, a HHmeRD;HOHHbIB arperaT nepep;BHraeTCSI no BanpaBJISI-
IOII\HM BP;OJIL
pOBTa
pMop;epmaTeJIeB. ):\OCTOHBCTBO 3TOB MamHHbI 3aRJIIO'laeTCSI
B B03MomHOCTH YBeJIH1J:HBaTL no Be06xo,IWMOCTH 1J:HCJIO
opMop;epmaTeJIeB H HB-
meRI{HOBHbIX arperaTOB. Op;llaRO 3TH MamHHbI HMeIOT PSl)\ Heyp;06cTB - TPyP;-
HOCTL 06CJIymHBaHHSI nepeMem;aIOII\HXCSI HBmeRI{HOBBbIX arperaTOB, CJIOmHOCTL
nHTalOm;HX YCTPOBCTB P;JISI nop;a'lll pe3HHOBOB CMeCH H C'LeM rOTOBbIX H3p;eJIBB B He-
CROJILRHX T01J:Rax.
<I>HpMa «aHreJIL» BbInYCRaeT TaRme JIHTLeBbIe MamHHbI peBOJILBepHOro THna
C BepTlmaJILBO pacnOJIOmeHHbIM nOBopOTHbIM RpyrJIbIM CTOJIOM H Benop;BHmBO
pacnOJIOmeHHbIM ropU30BTaJILBbIM HBmeRD;HOHHbIM arperaTOM. KOBCTPYRD;HSI 3TOB
MamHHbI BHRaRHX npeHMYD\eCTB nepep; paBee ODHcaHH.bIMH He HMeeT.
JIHTLeBbIe npeceli 1J:epBSl1JJI0-nJIyBmepHoro THna, BbInYCRaeMbIe B qCCp, npep;-
CTaBJISlIOT e060B ropH30BTaJILHbIe MamHHbI 1J:empeXROJIOHHOB ROBCTpyRn;uH. Bepx-
HSUI nepep;llSlSl ROJIOBBa C'LeMHaSl )\JISI 06JIel'1J:eHHSI yCTaHoBRH 60JIee RpynBbIx npecc-
<}IOpM. npHBOP; 1J:epBSlRa HHmeRD;HoBHoro Y3JIa ocym;eCTBJISleTCSI OT 3JIeRTpOp;BHra-
TeJISI 1J:epe3 pep;YRTop. MamHHa oCBam;eHa YCTaHoBRoB P;JISI aBTOMaTH1J:eCROrO pery-
JIHpOBaHHSI TeMnepaTYPbI 1J:epBSlRa H I{HJIHHp;pa. Bce 3JIeRTpo060pYP;OBaBHe c06paHo
B OTp;eJILHOM mRa
y. MamHBa pa60TaeT B nOJIyaBToMaTH1J:eCROM HJIH aBTOMaTH1J:e-
CROM I{HRJIe. BbInYCRaIOTCSI TPH THnopa3Mepa JIHTLeBbIX MaIDHH:
CH-250,
CH-500
H
CH-10QO COOTBeTCTBeBBO C 06'LeMOM BnpbICRa 250, 500, 1000 CM 3 . HHme npH-
BOP;HTCSI TeXBH1J:eCRaSl'.xapaRTepHcTHRa 3mx JIHTLeBbIX Mama:
06'beH BnpYCKa, CM3 ...
aBlleBHe BllpYCKa, MIla .
HaM8Tp 'IepBJlKa, MM . . .
t{aCTOTa BPaJQeBBJI, 06/MBB . . . . . . . . .
Mom,BocTb 311eKTpOADBraTellJl llpHBo.n;a 'IepBIIRa,
KBT ...................
MaKCHMallbBall YCTaBOBlleBRaJi MOm,HOCT&
npecca, KBT ..........
TeMnepaTYpa BarpeBa DllBT, !!C , .
PacxoJJ; oXlla»<.n;lUOm,eii BO.n;Y. 101 3 /'1
¥CHllBe 3amHMa (lOPM, MH . . . .
PaaMep DJlRT npecea, MIl . . . . .
I1pOCBeT Me)l(,l{y DJlJfTaMH, 101M ...' . . . .
Pa60'lee .n;aBlleHHe B rH.n;pOCBCTeMe, MIla . . .
MOm,BOCT& opHBOAa Bacoca. KBT .......
fa6apBTBYe paaMepY. 101M
.n:JIBHa .
m.pBBa
BYCOTa
Macea, T
QCH-250
200
162
45
81; 112; 161
10
44,5
50 - 350
1,2
1,5-2,0
500 X 500
350
19
5300
2490
1701
6,5
QCH-500
600
142
70
46; 57; 81; 112
15
64
50-350
2,0
2.5-3,4
600 X 600
350
22
5740
1400
2250
10,5
QCH-1ooo
1000
136
70
50-350
3,0
3.7 -5,0
700 X700
350
25
565
QepBJt1IBO-nJIYHmepBbIe JIBTbeBbIe MamBBbI paSJIJrIIBOrO Ha3HaqeHHJI BbIDY-
CKalOTCJI TaKme OTe'leCTBeBBOii npOMImlJIeBBOCTblO (Ta6J1 16.3) B npOMbTlUJIeS-
HOCTblO r,rw H QCCp (Ta6JI. 16.4).
Ta6.4Ulfa 16.9. TeXBB'IecKaa xapaKTepBCTJIKa OTe'l8CTBeIUll>lX JlRTr.eBWX MamBB e
'IepBa'IBO-oJlylDKepIlWM B DJIYBmepBWM BlDKeKD;BOBBWM yeTpOieTBOM
J1BT&eBoft arperaT
C DOBOPOTBIiIM
cronoll 2812
ArperaT poropso-
nBT&eBott uJIYBmep.
HOI'O TIlDa 50/70;
517-2
ArperaT poropuo-
JIIIT&eBOI 517-4
HaaOa'leBRe
JIB MeJlKHX PTH
IT pOB3BOARTeJIbBOCTIt, Kr /'1
06'1>9M BDpYCKa, CM3 ...
aBlleBRe BRpuCKa, MIla
BaMeTp 'IepBJlKa, MM
qaeTOTa Bp eBHJI 'IepBJlKa DpR
BDpYCKe, 06/MHH . . . . . . .
MOIIUIOCTIt &neKTpOABHraTeJIB 'Iep-
BlIKa, KBT . . . . . . . . . .
'YCBllRe aIDRBMa iflOPM DPB aanOJI-
BeRRB BX peaBBoBoi CM8CltJO, MH
Pa3Mep (lOPM, 101M
,!I.JIBBa ....... ..
IDBpBBa ...... "
BYCOTa . . . . " ....
06m.all MO OC'rIt 3neKTpoBarpeBa-
TeJIbBYX 8JIeMeBTOB Dpecca, KBT
TeMDepaTypa BarpeBa&BJI DJIBT, PC
qBCJlO toPMoAep)itaTeJIei .. . .
MO OCTb 8JIeKTpoDpBBoAa, KBT
MOIQBOCTb 3JIeKTpoo6orpeBa D;B-
JIBBApa, KBT . . . . .
faoapBTBYe paaMepy, )1M
AllBBa
mBpHBa
BYCOTa
Macca, T .
JIJI PTH
JIa OT»<BMBblX
BUBKOB c:nrpaJtb-
BYX MamHH II
a&&JlorH'lBblX PTH
60
750
120
45
20-80
560
i44
63
f80
30
3
430
980
240
32; 48
190
4; 6
32
6
6300
3550
3000
27.900
340
64
t58
17
0.75
112
92
44
1
200
t2
20
36,0
140-200
12
22
2100
1080
1970
3,225
6700
4000
2130
12.0
Ta6AUlfa 16.4. TeXBlI1IeeK aSl xapalCTe/HCTIIBa JU1TlteBWX MamBII lJepBS'IBO-DJlynmepHoro
THoa AJIB pe811111>1, Bwoye KaeMbiX B P (KuAS Y) B B 1JCCP (CS Y)
KuASY KuASY KuASY KaASY KuASY I CSY
25 X32 50 x 63 100x125 160)(250 250X500 371/160
06'1>9M BRpblCKa, CM3 . . 32 63 125 250 500 250
Ooo.eM XOAa 'IepBJlKa, eMs 45 95 175 255 515 37t
'Y CBllRe CMYKa&HJI WOPM, 1.6 2,5
MH . . . . . . . . . 0,25 0,50 1 t,6
,lJ,aBJIeBRe BRpYCKa, MIla 150 150 150 120 120 161
I111aCTHK8D;ROBBaSl upoRa-
BOAHTenltBOCTIt, Kr/'I 16 40 60 75 120 70
II OTpe611JleMaB MOIQ-
BooTb, KBT to 18,5 24.5 33 54 58
r nASA 17
060PY.£J,OBAHJ;lE PYKABHOrO npOJ;l3BO.£J,CTBA
Pe3HBOBlde PYKaBBlde H3p;emUl npHMemnOTC1I B KaqeCTBe rH6KHx TPYOonpo-
BOP;OB P;1I11 Depep;aqH mHp;KocTeii, ra30B H CldnyqHx MaTepHa1l0B. PyKaBa H8rOTa-
BlIHBaIOT p;JIaMeTpoM OT 3 p;o 950 MM Ba pa60qee p;aBlIeBHe p;o 70 MIla.
B SaBHCIIMOCTH OT Ba3BaqeBH1I H3rOTaBlIHBaIOTC1I: BanoplWe pyKaBa P;1I11 nepe-
p;aqH MftTepHa1l0B DOP; p;aBlIeBHeM H BcaCIdBaIO He P;1I11 nepep;a'iH MaTepHa1l0B DOP;
BaKYYMOM. HeKoTopHe pyKaBa DpllMeBJIIOTC1I KaK BanoplWe H KaK BcaCIdBaIO He.
B SaBHCD1IOCTH OT XapaKTepa Depep;aBaeMIdX cpep; PYKaBa Dop;paSp;e1l1lIOTC1I Ba PY-
KaBa P;1I11 BOP;Id, pyKaB8 P;1IJ1 elloqeii H KHClIOT H p;p.
PyKaBa COCTOJIT H8 pasJIJI1IBHx KOM6HBa pe3HBoBldx H TeKCTHlIbnldX
(CHlIOBIdX) ClIOeB H MeT811J1J111eCKHX apMBpyIO X MaTepHallQB.
no cTpoeBllIO CHlIOBL1;X ClIOeB BanoplWe pyKaB8 D1IeIOT ClIep;yIO He DpHB H-
Dllalll>BO paSllIl'IlWe ROBCTPYK : DpOKlIap;OQlWe, ODlIeTOQm.re, 06MOTOQBlde,
BaBHBOQlWe, KPyr1l0TRamle H BJiSaBlde. B1IsaIWe pyKaBa lIMeIOT CHlIOBOB ClIOB
B BHp;e B1ISaBOrO (TpIlROTa)I(JIOro) qeXlIa. TaRHe pyKaBa DOllyqaIOT Bce 601100 mH-
pOKoe pacDpocTpaBeBlle. OBII OTJIJI1IaIOTCJI 601ll>mOB nI6KOCTI>IO DPH BIdCOKOB DPOQ-
BOCTH H xopomeM C eDlIeBHII Me»<AY ClI01lMB. HSrOTaBlIHBalOTC1I B1ISaIWe pyKaBa
Ba CneD;Halll>BIdX BJlSalll>lWX MaIIlBBaX.
BcacldBaIO e pyKaBa Dop;paSp;ellJlIOTCJI Ba PYKaBa C 3aKpHTOB CDHpalll>IO
H pyKaB8 C OTRpldTOii CDHpallI>IO, a TeKCTHlIl>Blde HX ClIOU TaKate MorYT HMeTb
mo60e cTpoeBHe.
PYKaBa H3rOTaBlIHBaIOTC1I P;OpBOBIdM, 6eSP;opBOBIdM H nOllyp;opBOBIdM CDOCO-
6awI. IIpH P;OpBOBOM cnoc06e c60pKa PYKaBa H BYlIKaBHsaD;HJt DpOHSBOP;1ITC1I
Ba p;opBe. B KaQeCTBe p;opnOB HCDOlll>SYIOTCJI meCTRHe H rH6KHe MeTallllll'leCKHe
H BeMeTallllJl'leCKHe DPYTKH H Tpy61d. npH 6eSP;opBOBOM cDoc06e meCTKOCTb pyKaBa
DpH c60pKe 06eCne'illBaeTCJI ero SaDOllBeBlleM raSOM HlIH mHp;KOCTI>IO.
npH nOllyp;opnoBOM cnoc06e p;opn Hcnolll>syeTc1I Ba Bcex HlIH BeKoTopldX ODe-
pa lIJIx C60PKlI, a OCTalll>Blde onepa DO HSrOTOBlIeBHIO pyKaBa DpOHSBOP;1ITC1I
6es p;opBa. Besp;opBoBIdB cDoc06 1IB1I1IeTCJI BaH601lee coBepmeBBIdM: OTDap;aeT
DOTpe6BOCTI> B p;opBax, p;lIHBa PYKaBOB Be Orp8llH'lHBaeTC1I P;lIHBOB P;OpBOB, Be Tpe-
6YeTC1I DpaBKa p;OpBOB H cOKpa aeTC1I DpOHSBop;cTBeBBa1l nllo ap;I>.
17.1. 060PYAOBAHIi1E Ani=t C60PKIi1 PYKABOB
npOKnAAOYHO KOHCTPYK 1i11i1
CHlIOBOB ClIOB pyKaBoB DpOKlIap;OQBOB KOBCTpyK HH HSrOTaBlIHBaeTC1I H3
OABOB HlIH BeCKOlll>KHX DpopesHBeBlWx TRaneBHX DpOKlIap;oK. TKaBI> P;1I11 DpOKlIa-
P;OK npep;BapllTelll>BO DpopeslIBIIBaeTCJI, BapeSaeTcJI DOP; yrlloM 45°, a BapesaBBlde
D01l0CId COep;ml1llOTCJI BBaXlIeCTRY CTOpOBal\fH, Dapallllelll>lWMH KpOMKaM. HHTH
OCBOBId H yrKa DpOKlIap;OK paCDOllar81OTC1I DOP; yrlloM 45° KOCH pyKaBa.
HaDopBHe pyKaB8 DpOKlIap;OQBOB KOBCTPYK HH p;JIaMeTpOM 9-75 MM Hsro-
TaBJlHBalOTC1I Ba saKaT01UlLlX MaIDBB8X P;OpBOBIdM H DOllYP;OPBOBIdM cnoc06aMH
11 Ha nllHTBbtX MaIDHBaX 6esp;opBoBIdM cDoco60M. PYKaBa p;JIaMeTpOM 100 MM H 601lee
1ISrOTaBlIHBaIOTC1I Ba SaKaTOQBIdX r01l0BKaX.
567
17.1.1. 3aKaTOI.IHble ronOBKH
3aKaTOqHaR rOJlOBKa COCTOHT H3 DpHBop;Horo DaTpOHa, DpOMemYTOqHIdX ODOP,
3ap;HeH ODOpld H DpHBop;a, YCTaHOBJleBBIdX Ba CTaBHBe. )];JlHBa CTaBHBId 3aBHCHT
OT P;JlHBId H3rOTaBJlHBaeMldX pyKaBOB. 3aKaTOqBlde rOJlOBKH Be H3rOTaBJlHBalOTClI
eHTpaJlH30BaBHO. OBH RBJlRIOTCR yCTapeBmllM TIIDOM 060PYP;OBaBHR .H Baxop;RT
Bce MeBftmee DpIDteBeBHe B pyKaBBOM DpOH3Bop;CTBe.
17.1.2. 3aKaTOI.IHble MaWHHbI
3aKaTOqBlde MaDDmId (pHC. 17.1) Dpep;Ha3BaqeBId P;JlR BaJlOmeBHR pe3HBOBbIX
H TKaBeBblX CJlOeB H 6HBTOBKH BaDopBIdX DpOKJlap;OqBIdX pyKaBoB C BHYTpeHHHM
p;JIaMeTpOM p;o 75 MM.
3aKaTOqHlde Mam;HHId BIdDOJlBRIOTCR B OCBOBHOM P;BYCTOPOBBHMH: Ba op;Hoii
CTopOHe DpOH3BOP;HTCR HaBep;eBHe pe3HBOBldX H TKaBeBIdX CJlOeB, a Ba BTOpoii -
6HBTa. OCBOBHlde pa60qHe qaCTH MamHBId - TPH BaJla C Kamp;OH CTOpOBId. Op;JIH
IJ
IZ
PBC. 17.1. Cxelola aaKaTO'IBOR MaDIBBY:
1 - BepxBBtt Dan saKal'O'IIIol CTOPOIIH; 2 - RBII<BBe Dam.! aaKaTO'I'HOI CTOpOllH, 8, 18- CTOm.!; 4 - PYROJlTKa
llml yupaanellJlJl UBeBMO paMB: Ii, 11 - PYKOJITKB Ami perynapoDaJUIR sasopa JlellUlY BmRBBMB Ba.naMf';
6 - CTaBBBa; 7 - UBeBMOQHJDJRllP; 8 - BepDmit Ban 611RTOBaJIhBOI CTOpOIlH; 9 -IIpOTBBOBec; 10 - IDDKBBC
&am.! 6BBTOBam.BOI CTOPOIIH; 18 - CTemlall<.
HJlH 06a BHmHHX BaJla 2, 10 HMelOT DpHByp;HTeJlftBOe BpaII\eBHe, a BepxBHeYBaJlId 1,
8 - cB060p;Hoe. RpoMe Toro, P;JlR C60PKH PYKaBoB pa3J1I1'1BOrO p;HaMeTpa Op;JIH
BHmBHH BaJl MomeT OTop;BHraTftCR OT BToporo, coxpaBRR DapaJlJleJlftBOCTft ocen,
a BepxHHH BaJl MomeT DepeMeII\aTftCR BBepx HJlH BHH3. nepeMeII\eHHe BepxBHx
BaJlOB DpOH3BOP;HTCR DBeBMO HJlHBp;paMH 7 C OP;BOCTOpOBBIIM HJlH P;BYCTOPOHHlIlII
DpHBOp;OM. npH DBeBMOI\HJlHBp;paX C OP;BOCTOpOHHHM DpHBOP;OIlf DepeMeII\eBHe
BepxBero BaJla BBepx oCYII\eCTBJlReTCR DpOTHBOBecaMH 9. ¥DpaBJleBHe DBeSMO-
HJlHBp;paMH DpOH3BOP;HTCR PYKORTKOH 4.
)];BYDJleqHM pldqarOM perYJlHpyeTcR sa30p lIfemp;y BaJlaMH. O;n;BO DJleqO Phl-
'lara DOAAepmHBaeT ODOpy BaJla; BTopoe DJleqO BbIDOJlBeBO B BHp;e BHJlKH. B BHJlKY
568
BXOp;BT aKc eBTpBK C BaJlOM, npBBop;BIIIIdIlI BO Bpa eBBe qepe3 qepBRqBYIO nepe-
.u;aqy PYKORTKaMB 5, 11. HumBBe BaJlId Kamp;oH CTOpOHld BMeIOT caMOCTORTeJlbBllle
npBBo . Ha 6BBTOBaJlbBOH cTopose BaJlId Bpa aIOTcR C 60JlbmeH CKOpOCTbIO, TaK
KaK 6BHToBKa PYKaBa npOB3BOP;BTCR Be no BceH p;JlBBe O OBpeMeBHO. B Kamp;OM
npBBop;e YCTaBOBJleBO no Op;BOH pBK BOBHOH MY e P;JlR nycKa B OCTaBOBa Ma-
mHBId. Bce Y3JI1d, Malllll1Thl CMOBTBpOBaBId Ba CTaBBBe 6, CocToR eH B3 coep;BBeBBIdX
Memp;y C060H CToeK.
llpB B3rOTOBJleBDB PYKaBa P;OpB YKJla)J;hIBaeTCR Ba BBmBBe BaJlId, YCTaBOBJleB-
Bide C 3a30pOM, COOTBeTCTBYIO BM pa3Mepy PYKaBa. llpep;BapBTeJlbBO sarOTOBJleB-
BaR TKaBeBaR npOKJlap;Ka YKJlap;ldBaeTCR Ba CTOJI 3 MamBHLI B OP;BBM KpaeM BaKJla-
p;IdB8.erCR Ba P;OpB; 3aTeM oDycKaeTcR BepxBBH BaJl B BKJlIOqaeTCR aJIeKTpOp;BBra-
TeJlh. llPOBSBOP;BTCR 3aKaTKa DpOKJlap;KB. llocJle 3aKaTKB pe3HBOBldX B TKaBeBIdX
npOKJI8.P;OK PYKaB Depep;aeTCR Ba CTeJlJlam 13 MaDDmId, a saTeM Ba ee 6BSTOBaJlbBYIO
CTOpOSY. HBilume BaJlId 6BBTOBaJlbBOH CTOpOSId pa3Bop;RTCR Ba mBpHBY, COOTBeT-
CTBYIO YIO p;BaMeTpy BarOTaBJlBBaeMIdX PYKaBoB, B Ba BBX YKJlap;IdBaeTCR PYKaB.
3aTelli 6BHT SaDpaBJlReTC1I sa pyKaB, ODYCKaeTC1I BepxBBii BaJl B BKJlIOqaeTC1I
3JIeKTpOp;BBraTeJlb. BBBToBKa npOB3BO,ll;BTCR BpyqByIO BJIB DPB DOMO B KapeTKu
aBaJlOrBqBO 6BBToBKe sa SaKaTO'iBOH rOJlOBKe.
3aKaTOqSlde MaIUBBId pa60TaIOT B arperaTe C JlBCTOBaJlbBIdM KaJlaBp;pOM B DOP;O-
rpeBaTeJlbHLIMB BaJlb aMB. 8TO nOBldmaeT npoB3Bop;BTeJlbBOCTb B YJlyqmaeT yCJlO-
BB1I Tpyp;a pa60qBx. 3aKaTOQBlde MamBBId BMeIOT 60Jlee BIdCOKYIO DpOBsBOp;BTeJlb-
BOCT lIeM SaKaTOQSlde rOJlOBKB, B 06eCDe'IBBaIOT 60Jlee BIdCOKoe KaQeCTBO PYKa-
BOB.
HBme npUBep;eBa TeXSBQeCKaR xapaKTepBCTBKa aaKaTOQBIdX MaIDBB, U8rO-
TaBJlBBaeMIdX saBop;OM «KY3nOJIBMepMam»:
Mapa JlalllllllK
187B 5009 BJI0202
Pa3Mepy PYKaBa, 101101
J(DaMeTp . . . . . . . . . . 9-65 9-50 13-75
""UHa . . . . . . . . 2600 10000 21 000
qacTOTa BPaJD;eBUJI. 06/10188
Ba CTopOBe KJIeiKB . 60 78.5 59
Ba cTopoBe 6BBTOBKB
BII.lIMenmaJi . . . . 120 190.5 120
uau60JIbmaJI . . . . . . . . . . . 180 323 200
.naBlleBUe B03AYxa B D;UJIBBAPU, MUa. 0.5-0,6 0,4 0.5-0.6
qUCJIO RBeBMOD;UJIBBAPOB
. Ba CTopOBe KJIeiRR 2 9 16
ua CTOpOB£1 6UBTOBKB . . . . . 2 7 7
311eKTpo BuraTellR RpRBOAa Ba cTopoBax
KlleRKB B 6BB1'OBKU
'IUCllO . . . 2 2 2
TUR . . . . . A02-31-4 A61-6 A61 -6
1oI0m.BOCTb, KBT . . . . 2.2 7 7
'IaC1'OTa Bpam.eBBJI, 06/MBB 1420 970 970
fa6apnTBllle pa8Mepy, 101M
;l(llDHa 3820 12 980 23250
UmplIBa 1510 1840 1840
BblCOTa 1370 1400 1500
Macca. T 2.248 6.299 12.420
llpB DOJlYP;OPBOBOM cDoc06e B3rOTOBJleBB1I npOKJlap;OQBIdX PYKaBoB aaKaTOQ-
BaR MamBHa BCnOJlbayeTC1I JlBDIb Ba onepa B1IX BaJlOmeBB1I B npBKaTKB CBJlOBIdX
CJlOeB. Docne aToro PYKaB CSBMaeTC1I C p;opBa B Ba Bero BaKJlap;IdBaeTC1I Bapymmd:
pe3BHoBHH CJlOH B DpOB3BOp;BTC1I BYJIKaBB3a B1I B Bop;e, a P;OpBId BoaBpa aIOTCJI
B Ba BHX CBOBa Bap;eBaIOTC1I KaMepld.
llOJlYP;OPBOBIdH cDoc06 BSrOTOBJleBB1I pYKaBOB nOBldmaeT DPOB3BOp;BTeJlb-
BOCTb TPYP;8, cOKpa aeT napK P;OpBOB B DOBldmaeT BX XOp;BMOCTb. llpB aTOM
569
UCKJlIO'IaeTCR 6UBTOBKa U CBUmaeTCR Tpyp;oeMKOCTI> C'I>eMa PYKaBOB, a UCnOJll>30BaBUe
6BBTOBaJll>BOB CTOpOBH P;JlR C60PKU pyxaBOB MOmeT p;OnOJlHUTeJlI>HO YBeJlH'lUTb
C'I>eM C 3aKaTO'IBOB MaIDmn.I B 1,5-2 pa3a.
17.1.3. nnHTHbie MaWHHbI
Ha nJIBTBl>Ix MaIDUBaX U3r0t:aBJlUBaIOTCR 6e3p;opBoBHM cnoco60M PYKaBa
p;uaMeTpOM p;o 25 MM U P;JlUBOB 25 M (qCCP) U p;UaMeTpOM p;o 45 l\fM U p;JlBBoii 40 M
«!)pr). )J;JlBBa nJlUTBOB MaIDUBH paBBa p;JlUBe co6upaeMoro PYKaBa. OBa COCTOUT
U3 BepXBero nop;BumBoro CTOJla, CMOHTupOBaBBHX nop; BUM TpaHcnopTepa co CTO-
JlOM, pee'lBOrO npUBop;a BepXBero CTOJla, MexaBU3Ma paCKaTKU TKaBeBOB npOKJlap;KB
U YCTPOnCTBa P;JlR npOMa3KU KaMepH. PRP;OM C nJlUTHOB MamBBOB CMOBTupOBaB
arperaT P;JlR npeCCOBaBUR KaMepH,c npueMBoro TpaBcnopTepa KOToporo KaMepa
cneD;UaJlI>m.IM CTaJlKUBaTeJleM nepep;aeTCR Ba nocJlep;yIOID;YIO C60PKY.
TeXBOJlOrU'IeCKuii npOD;ecc U3rOTOBJleBUR pyxaBa Ba nJlIITBOB MamBBe, BHny-
CR8eMOB B qCCp, COCTOUT B CJleP;YIOm;eM. KaMepa PYKaBa npeCCYeTCR Ba lIepBR'I-
BOM npecce U DpUBUMaeTCR Ba TpaBCDopTep DJIUTBOB Malllll1Thl. llpu OTpe31lBUU
KaMepH BomBUD;aMU ee TOpD;H CKJleUBaIOTCR, DpU aTOM B KaMepe OCTaeTCR B03P;YX,
'1TO 06J1el"laeT DOCJlep;yIOm;yIO C60PKY. 3aTeM KaMepa DpOMa3HBaeTCR DpU DOMOm;U
Depep;BumBOB BaBIW U YKJlap;HBaeTCR Ba KpaB TKaBeBOB DpOKJlaJJ;KU. llpu Depel\1e-
m;eBUU BepXBeB DJlBTH MamUBH DpOUCXOP;UT 3aBOpallUBaBUe KaMepH B DpOKJlaJJ;KY.
llpu 06paTBOM xop;e BepXBen DJIUTH PYKaB oCBo6omp;aeTCR U Depep;aeTCR Ba BaJlO-
meBue BapymBoro pe3UBOBoro CJlOR U nOCJleP;YIOID;YIO BYJlKaBU3aD;BIO B Bop;e.
17.2. 060PY AOBAHIi1E AnR C60PKIi1 PYKABOB
OnnETOYHOA KOHCTPYK 1i1
B pyxaBax ODJleTO'lBOB KOBCTPYXD;BB CUJlOBOB CJlOB BHDOJlBReTCR U3 P;BYX
B3aIDfBO DepeDJleTaIOm;UXCR CUCTeM BllTeB. llpIDteBeBlle BeDpopesBBeBBHx BUTeB
Tpe6YeT BBep;eBuR Memp;y ODJleTKaMU DpoMemyrO'lBOrO pe3BBoBoro CJlOR UJIU npo-
MaSKU KJleeM UJIU DacToii.
ODJleTO'lBHe pyxaBa UMeIOT HeKoTopHe DpeuMym;ecTBa Depep; npOKJlap;O'IBItIMu:
OBII 60Jlee ru6Ku; BaJlOmeBUe BUTeB DOP; ODTBMaJlI>BHM yrJlOM (54 0 44') cOKpam;a-eT
ux pacxop;. llJleTeBUe DpOU3BOp;BTCR DpU DOCTYDaTeJlI>BOM DepeMem;eBBB p;opBa.
npu aTOM B Op;BOM DOTOKe MomBO BI>tIIOJlBRTI> BeCKOJlI>KO ODJleTOK, a TaRme P;Pyrue
ODepan;BB C60PKU PYKaBa.
, ODJleTG.'1HHe pyxaBa U3rOTaBJlUBaIOTCR P;OpBOBHM 11 6e3p;opBOBHM cDoco6aMu.
17.2.1. OnneToLlHble MaWHHbI
HMeeTCR p;Ba TUDa ODJleTO'lBHX MaDIBB - mDyJlI>BHe U KORJlIOme'llWe; Te U
p;pyrue MorYT 6HTI> B ropU30BTaJlbBOM U BepTBKaJlI>BOM BCnOJlBeBuu. B OTe'leCTBeB-
BOB DpOMWIIJleBBOCTU Bau6oJll>mee pacDpocTpaBeBue DOJlyqUJlU mDYJlI>BHe ropu-
30BTaJlI>m.Ie ODJleTO'lBHe MamlJBl>I.
IIIDYJlI>BaR ODJleTO'IBaR MamBBa (TUD 134), DORa3aHBaR Ba puc. 17.2, UMeeT
p;Ba pRp;a mDYJleBOCUTeJleB. IIIDYJleBocUTeJlu 1 DepBoro pRp;a * BeDOp;BU)I(JIO 3a-
KpeDJIeHH Ba p;BCKe 2, KOTOpHB YCTaBOBJleB Ha BTYJlKe Ba DOp;lllUDBlIRaX Ba DOJlOM
BaJlY 3 U npUBOp;IITCR BO Bpam;eBue 3y6'1aTOB napoB 4. BTOpOB PHA mDYJleBocUTe-
JleB 5 Bpam;aeTcR DO BaDpaBJlRIOlD;eMY KOJlI>I(y p;UCKa 2, HO B DpOTUBODOJlOmBOM
eMY BanpaBJleBBB. )J;JlR DpUBop;a BToporo pRp;a mDYJleBOCUTeJleB Dpep;Ba8Ba'lelW
3y6'1aTHe peBRu 6 Ba Kamp;OM mDYJleBOCUTeJle U paBBOMepBO paCDpep;eJIemm:e DO
· ClIeT pqOB muyJleaocBTeJlei upOB8BO)lRTCa DO BaDpaBJIeamo DepeM eaBa ODJleTaeloloro
PyKaBa.
570
QKpymHocTII DpoMemyr01UlLle sy6qaTLle KOJleCa 7. llocJlep;Hlle KpeDRTCR Ha p;uCKe 2
II DpllBOp;llTCR BO Bp eHlle mecTepHeu 8, YKpeDJleH OH Ha DOJlOM B8J1Y 3. llPUBOP;
mecTepHIIsy6qaTOH DapLl4 II DOJlorO BaJla oC eCTBJlReTCR OT 9J1eKTpOp;BllraTeJIJI 16
qepes KJlBHOpeMeHJlLle Depep;aqn 9 II sy6qaTyIO Dapy 10. BLlTJI)l(Jloe YCTPOBCTBO
npBBOp;1lTCJI B p;BllmeHlle DPII DOMO II n;eDHoH Depep;aqll 12, ay6qaTOB DapLl 13,
.5
If
\17
iL.T': '''''''''
1. .........,
-.-:if
IS
14
/3
-
G
7
8
!
POc. 17.2. CxeMa oDJle1'O'lBoi MaIlDlBY: .
1 - uepBwA PIIA muyneBocBTeJleA; B - DOH: 8 - uomdt Ban; 4.10,18,16 - By(lqaTYe uap..; 6 -lI'I'Opol
PIIA mnyaeRoCBTeJIel; 6 - a qaTaR pelKa; 7 - 1Ip01iemyTO'lBile a qaTYe J<OJIeca; 8 - WecTeplIII; , - KIIII-
BopeMeBIIWe uepeqaqa; 11 - Item. BYTlllIUIOro ycrpOICTBa; 11 - ItelIBaR lIep aqa; 14 - qepBft1DIaR uepe-
aqa; 16 - aneK1'pOIXBaraTeJJb.
QepBRQHOH DapLl 14 II Sy6Q8TOB DapLl 15. B HaDpaBJlJlIO eM KOJlbD;e p;IICKa 2 BLI-
DOJlHeHLI Dpopeall. B HIIX Dpll DOMODJ;II HBTeBOp;1lTeJIeH aaBOp;JlTCJI HIITII DepBoro pJlp;a
mDYJleHoclITeJleB. 3TO p;eJlaeTCJI B MOMeHT, Korp;8 mnyJleHOClITeJlII BToporo pJlp;a
pacnOJlomeHLI Memp;y DpOpeaJlMJI. llocJle Dpoxop;a Qepea Kamp;yIO Dpopeab mrreA P;BYX
DIDYJleHoCIITeJleH BToporo pJlp;a HBTII mDYJleHOCBTeJleB DepBoro pJlp;a BLlXOp;llT lIa
2'a6Aulla 17.1. TeXBR1JOOKUe X&paKTepBCTIIBB ropaaoBT&JI.....x ODJleT01JIIJ>IX MaDIBB
'.
qacTO- CK OC1'lt .u;BUeTP
qBCno MarepBBn Ta BPa- o opa OUJleT8eMo- raOapBTllloJe lIaro-
TD1I MaWBRhI wuym. OUJJeTOK !QeDIi PYK8BOB, ro pYJ<aaa, paaM p", MM TOBJiI.
ItBCKOB, M tlOlJl - Tenlt
00 t MUB
«YHllTCKC 24&,
TBR 110 . . . 24 II pJI)I(a 120 1,4-14,0 Ao 85 2180 X 1210x 1565 fAP
.,Il.paTeI(C 36»,
THn 129 . . . 36 & 63 1,3-13,0 Ao 60 2350x 1800x 1960 f)J;P
IYBDApa 24&,
TBD S . . . 24 IIpoBoJIoRa 45 1.2-7,8 8-45 3700x 1600x 1800 f)J;P
«YHD pa 32t.
THU 134f1 32 t 25 0,4-5,6 Ao 80 2580x t925x 1940 fAP
oHr-48-p . . . 48 IIpJI)I(& 10; 20; 0,7-3.75 40-140 3700x 2600x 2790 3aBoA
30 «BYJl-
Ra&t
(JIeBBB-
2; 3; &A)
nr-48-p . . . 48 IIpoBoJIoKa 0,14-2,1 40-140 3700 X 2600 x 2790 0_
4; 6
()
571
"
----
Dpopeaeii H CBOBa '1epes KaffiP;YIO DpOpeSI> DpOXOP;HT p;Ba mnYJIeBOCBTeJIH BToporo
p a H T. p;. TaROf oopaaOM cosp;aeTCH DepeDJIeTeHHe «p;Ba '1epes p;Ba». HMeroTcH
ODJIeTO'lBLIe M8.IIIJIBLI C DepeDJIeTeBHeM «p;Ba '1epes OP;HB».
,D,JIH cosp;aBHH H perYJIHpOBaBBH BaTHmeHHH HBTeii HJIH DpOBOJIOK C eJII>IO
DOJIyqeBBH '1BCTOii B paBBOMepBoii OnJIeTKH mDYJIeHOCHTeJIH HMeIOT BaTHffiBLIe
YCTpoiicTBa. OBB aBTOMaTB"leCKB DOMepmHBaIOT sap;aBBoe BaTHmeBBe no )tepe
pacxop;a mDYJII>. npH 06pLIBe ,HJIB Bspacxop;OBaBBB BBTeii ODJIeTO'lHaH IIfamllBa
OCTaBaBJIBBaeTCH.
B Ta6JI. 17.1 p;aBLI TeXBB'leCKBe xapaKTepHCTHKB OCBOBHLIX ODJIeTO'lHLIX
MamllB, mHpOKO Dplll\feBHeMLIX Ba saBOAax PTH.
17.2.2. ArperaTbi Ana C60PKH OnneTOI.IHblX PYKaBoB
AOpHOBbiM cnoco6oM
npo eccLI HSrOTOBJIeBHH ODJIeT01JBLIX PYKaBoB P;OpHOBLIM cDoc060M Ba pasJIB'I-
BLIX saBop;ax SBa'lHTeJII>BO OTJIH'IaIOTCH p;pyr OT APyra. HaH60JII>mee pacnpocTpa-
BeBHe B OTe'leCTBeHBOM pyKaBHoM' DpOHSBop;cTBe DOJIyqHJIB Dpo eCCLI C DapaJI-
JIeJII>BLIM BLIDOJIBeBHeM ODJIeTOK. Ha pHC. 17.3 Dpep;CTaBJIeBLI THnOBbIe arperaTl>l
AJIH HaJIOmeBHH ODJIeTKH Ba PYKaBa P;OpBOBLIM cDoco60M: arperaTLI P;JIH BaBeCeBBJI
ODJIeTKH BHTHMH (AOH-24 H AOH-36 Ba 6ase 24- H 36-mDYJII>HLIX MamllB) 11 arpe-
raTLI AJIH BaBeceBHH ODJIeTKH DpOBOJIOKOii (AOM-24 H AOM-32 Ba 6ase 24- U
32-mDYJII>m.IX MamHB).
ArperaT AOH-36 (pHC. 17.3, a) COCTOHT HS DOAaIO ero YCTpoiicTBa 1, ABYX
YCTpoiicTB P;JIH DpoMasKH PYKaBOB 2, 36-mDYJII>BOii ODJIeTO'lBOii Mammm 3 (TBD
129) P;JIH DpHam, DpOTHrHBaIO ero YCTpoiicTBa 4, oT60pO'lBOrO TpaBcnopTepa 7,
DepeKJIap;'1HKa PYKaBa 6 H CTOJIa-pOJIl>raBra 5. Bee YSJILI arperaTa, KpOMe YCTpoiicTB
P;JIH DpOMaSKH PYKaBoB, pa60TaIOT OT DpHBOAa ODJIeTO'IBoii MaIIIIIBI>I.
Pa60Ta Ba arperaTe OC eCTBJIHeTCJI CJIeP;YIO 1Il\f 06pasoM. ,D,opm.I C KaMepoii
pacnOJIarSIOTCH Depep; Dop;aIOII\BM YCTpoiicTBOM 1. ,D,opm.I Be60JIl>mOro pasMepa
(p;o 20 Ml.I) B YCTpoiicTBO 1 DOAaIOTCH BpyqByIO, a P;OpBlil 60JII>moro pasMepa nop;a-
IOTCH BS MaraSJilHa no OP;BOMy DPB DOMOII{JI CDeIO'laJII>BOro MexaBlIsBpoBaHBoro
YCTpoiicTBa (Ba pHcyBKe Be nOKasaBO). nOAalO ee YCTpoiicTBO 1 DpOTaJIKUBaeT
P;OpB '1epes YCTpoiicTBO AJIH DpOMaSKU 2 U DOp;aeT B SOBT ODJIeTO'lBoii Mammm,
r,!{e npOUSBOP;UTCH BaBeceBBe ODJIeTKH. ODJIeTeBBLIii PYKaB DpOTJlrBBaeTCH YCTpoi-
CTBOM 4, npOTaJIKUBaeTCH '1epes BTopoe YCTPOBCTBO AJIH DpOMaSKU 2 U oT6HpaeTcH
JIeBTO'lBLIM TpaBcnopTepOM 7. nepeMIaI1IKU MeHtAY AOpBaMU paspeSaIOTCJI BpyqBYIO,
a. paSMep DepeMIaI1IKU YCTaBaBJIJlBaeTCH DPII DOp;a'le AOpBOB B YCTPOBCTBO 1. npu
DOMO B nepeKJIa]J.1lllKa 6 C DBeBMorUp;paBJIJI1IeCKIIl\f DpUBOP;OM pyKaBa DepUOAJl1le-
CKH DepeMe aIOTCH Ba CTOJI-pOJIl>raBr 5. mar ODJIeTeBBH YCTaBaBJIHBaeTCH USMe-
BeBBeM CKOpOCTH DpOTHrJIBaIO ero U nop;aIO ero YCTPOBCTB 4, 1 U TpaBCDopTepa 7
nyTeM CMeHLI meCTepeH B DpBBop;e ODJIeTO'lBOB MaDIBBLI. .
B arperaTe AOH-24 (puc. 17.3, 6) DOp;a'la AOpBOB lIepea YCTPOBCTBO P;JIJI DpO-
MaSKH B SOBT ODJIeTO'IBOB MalII1lllH 8 DpOHSBOp;BTCH BpyqBYIO. Ha arperaTe onJIe-
TaIOTCH P;OpBLI Be60JII>moro AHaMeTpa, U MeXaB1l1leCKOe DepeMe eBlIe HX '1epe3
DpOMaSKY ocy eCTBun. Be YAaeTCH.
KOBCTPyKI(1IH arperaTa AOM-32 (pHC. 17.3,8) Dop;06Ba KOBCTPYK HU arpe-
raTa AOH-36. B BeM P;ODOJIHHTeJII>BO YCTaBOBJIeBa paCKaTO'lHaH cToBKa 10 P;JIJI
HaBeceBHH DpoMemyrO'IBOro pesHBoBoro CJIOH 11 Bom 12 AJIH paspesaBlIH MeTaJI-
JIB'leCKHX DepeMlaI1IeK Memp;y p;opBaMH; BMeCTO P;BYX YCTpoiicTB 2 AJIH DpOMaSKH
KJIeeM DpUMeBeBO op;no YCTpoiicTBO 9 P;JIH DpOMaSKH DaCToii.
ArperaT AOM-24 (puc. 17.3, e) DO cDoc06y Depel\fe eHUH P;OpHOB DOAo6eB
arperaTY AOH-24, a DO COCTaBY MamHB - arperaTY AOM-32.
B paccMoTpeBBLIx arperaTax p;ocTHrByra BLICOKaH CTeDeBI> YHHcIIHKa HII YSJIOB
H p;eTaJIeii. no Tpe6oBaBHIO aaKaS'IlIKa 060Pyp;OBaHHe MomeT 6LITI> HarOTOBJIeB()
AJIH PYKaBOB AJIJilHOB 5; 10 B 20 M.
:
:
:
:
:
IT
,J:I
"
t
t
-
....
-:t
J
.:to
. (0.,
!
I
r
r t..r :1
r I I
Cl:) Cl:)
'<:)
"<:>
,
.-
I!
i>olll
I
:iD:
Zl!!
i
l:1 a J. :iI
,!,<'Io
""I go
1 10 111
10 j:;;&:(
'l"
I
I
111;-
:iI 1:1.=
",.."
I
II'I!
:8.0
:5
goOD:
=I
&:(.. 9
G .. .
=<'1.
",""
..
I
I:I.:::
7is
!Z
rC
..& 2
i.,=o
.. t=il;
::IIeq
I
:o.g
"'fi!"'..
1:1 '" 1:1.111
U
18
::1& S! 3<=> a
:21 '" 1:1.'" III
IQ
b.8.
o 1:1 001 &::
!.IS
=
&... l;g&:(
,.... = '"
lQ o ... ..:.: III
IQ
EU
i
;
=
",
i
I...
i
c;>s'>a
a ::Ii! os,! 0
o
;
=
IIQ' I"
i ;
i
P.t c:' ... ) J.
:a III.. CI1
! I
1111:=
H '0=....
t) a>&:(!
Iii
.... 0", 1:10
. <.
I
Ideo
Po. alllfOOO
1\).
17.2.3. ArperaTbl Ami C60PKH OnneTOI.IHblX PYKaBoB
6eaAopHoBbiM cnoco6oM
ArperaT AJIR uauecemlR OnJleTKB 6e3AopuoBLIM cnoco60M COCTOIIT B3 nOAa-
IOlI\ero YCTpoHcTBa, nepBoro YCTpoHcTBa AJIR npoMa3KB, OnJleTO'lUOH MamBHLI,
BToporo YCTpOHCTBa AJIR npOMa3KB B npBeMuoro YCTpoBcTBa C YKJlaA'lmwM. B ue-
KOTOpLIX arperaTax YCTaUaBJlBBaIOTCR ,IJ;Be OnJleTO'lULIe MamBHLI, ,IJ;onOJlUlITem,uoe
yCTpOHCTBO ,IJ;JIR npOMa3KB, cymBJlKB II ,IJ;p.
ilepe,IJ; nO,IJ;a'len Ha OnJleTeUHe KaMepa nO,IJ;,IJ;YBaeTcR B03,IJ;YXOM ,IJ;O ,IJ;aBJleUHR
0,12-0,15 Mila HJlH nO,IJ;BYJlKaUH30BLIBaeTCR. ;:ho Y,IJ;06uo npH uaJlOmeUBH UBTeD
H npOTRmKe. COrJlaCOBaUHe CKOpOCTH oT60pa PYKaBa co CKOpOCTLIO OnJleTeUHR
ocylI\eCTBJlReTCR CeJlLCBHOM.
HHme npHBe,IJ;eHLI TeXUll'leCKHe xapaKTepHcTBKH arperaTOB ,IJ;JlR C60PKH onJle-
TO'lULIX PYKaBoB 6e3,IJ;OpUOBLIM cnoc060M:
BBAeKC arperaTa
IIP17-85 BP17-87 BP17-88 BP17-89
PaaMepbl PYKaBa, 101M 4-19
BBYTpeBBBi
aMeTp . . . . . 4-19 19-38 19-38
AllHBa . . . . . . . . . . . .
150
150
150
150
qJlc.1JO OOlleTO'lBblX Maunm B arperaTe 1 2 1 2
Tuo ORJIeTO'lBOi loIamuBY 110 110 129 129
ra6apUTBYe paaMepLl, MM 17060 17310
AllUBa . 25460
mJlpUHa 2500 2500 2500
BblcOTa 1730 1860 1850
Mace&, T . . 4,230 5,560 9,525
17.3. 060PYAOBAHHE Anfl C60PKIi1 PYKABOB
06MOTOYH0l1 KOHCTPYKl\HIi1
B PYKaBaX 06MOTO'lUOH KOUCTPyKWIB CHJlOBOH CJlOH BLInOJlUReTCR H3 O,IJ;Uoro
BJIH UeCKOJlLKHX napULIX 06MOTOK CJla60yTO'lUOB HJlH 6e3yTO'lUOB TKaUH. CJlOH
06MOTim He BMeIOT nepenJleTeUHH CHJlOBLIX uneH (xapaKTeplWX ,IJ;JlR OnJleTO'lIWX
II npOKJla,IJ;O'lHLIX PYKaBOB), 'lTO nOBLImaeT npO'lBOCTL, rH6KOCTL H pecypc pa60TLI
p
'KaBOB. 06MOTKa MomeT npOB3BO,IJ;HTLCR BCTLIR, BBaXJleCTKY B C BeKOTopLIM 3a30-
PO!\I !\fem,IJ;Y JIeBTaMH.
06MOTO'lBLIe PYKaBa B3rOTaBJlHBaIOTCR ,IJ;OpBOBLIM, 6e3,IJ;OpBOBLIM B nOJlYAopBO-
BLIl\1 cnoc06aMH.
17.3.1. 06MOTOI.IHble MaWHHbI
CxeMa 06MOTO'lBOB MamBHLI (HB,IJ;eKC 573.8) npeACTaBJleBa ua pBC. 17.4.
Ha !\famHBe H3rOTaBJlHBaeTCR CHJlOBOH CJlOH 06MOTO'lBOH KOBCTPyKWIB Ba ,IJ;opBe
Ann PYKaBoB ,IJ;HaMeTpOM OT 25,IJ;0 100 MM. B Ka'leCTBe CBJlOBOrO CJlOR BCnOJlL3YIOTCR
6eaYTO'lHLIe H CJla60YTO'lBLIe TKaHH.
MamHHa COCTOHT H3 ,IJ;Byx 06MOTO'lHLIX rOJlOBOK 1,2, nO,IJ;aIOlI\erO 3, npOMa30'l-
Boro 4 B oT60pO'lBOrO 5 YCTPOHCTB,
eBTpHpyIOII\HX JlIOBeTOB, npBBO,IJ;a, paMLI H ,IJ;p.
06MOTO'lHaR rOJIOBKa cnymHT AnR 06MOTKH pyKaBa npope3BBeBBoH neBToH
B O,IJ;BOM BanpaBneHHH no,IJ; yrnoM 54 0 44' KOCH pYKaBa B COCTOHT H3 BpalI\aIO
eHCR
nJlaHmaH6LI 6, Ba nO,IJ;BBmHoH BTynKe 7 KOTOpOH YCTaBaBnHBaeTCR
eBTpaJlLBaR
KaTymKa 8. BTYJlKa 711MeeT TOpM03 9,IJ;nR C03AaBIIJI Tpe6yeMoro BaTRmeBHR neBTLI.
ilJlaHmaH6a npHBO,IJ;nCR BO BpalI\eBHe npBBOAOM nMCM-30 'lepe3 KJlBHOpeMeBByIO
H 3y6'laTLIe nepe,IJ;a'lH H BapHaTOp B'-'-1 H MomeT OTKJlIO'laTLCR OT npHBO,IJ;a Kyna'lKO-
BOH My.pTOH. ,I:(JlR 6LIcTporo OCTaHOBa nJlaBmaH6LI npe,IJ;YCMOTpeB JleBTO'lBLIH TOp-
M03 10. ,I:(Be 06MOTO'lHLIe rOJlOBKH BaKna,IJ;LIBaIOT CHnOBLIe CJlOH B npOTBBOnOJIOm-
BLIX HanpaBJIeHHRx.
574
llop;alOlI\ee YCTpoiicTBO 3 - pOJlIIROBOrO TBDa C npHBY,D;BTeJlI>m.IM npIlBOp;OJrl
BllmBero II BepXBero POJlIIKOB. PaccToRBlle Memp;y pOJllIRaMII perYJlllpYeTCR. OT6o-
pO'lBOe YCTpoiicTBO 5 - ryceBII'IBOro Tllna C DpHByp;HTeJlI>BLlM npnop;OM H1ImBeB
U BepxBeB ryceB
. PaccToRBlle Memp;y ryceB
aMII TaKme perYJlllpyeTCR. Y CTPOB-
CTBO 4 P;J1R CMaSKII DOBepXBOCTII KaMepld BldnOJlSeSO B Bllp;e eMKOCTH, BByTPIl KOTO-
POB oCYlI:\eCTBJlReTCR D;IIPKYJlRD;IIR CMaaKII Dpll DOMOIIJ;II p;lIacilparMLI. llpll aTOJrl
YPOBeBI> CMaaKII slime Bxop;Boro II BLlxop;Boro OKOB.
JIeBTa 11 npOXop;HT '1epea BanpaBJlRlOlI\lIB 12 II OTKJlOBRIOII\IIB 13 mTllf¥rLl
11 SaKpenJlReTCR Ba p;opBe C KaMepoB 14. llpll BenpepldBBoB DOp;a'le P;OpBOB C KaMe-
POB DpOIlSBOP;HTCR IIX BenpepLlBBaR DpoMaaKa II o6MoTKa B P;BYX BanpaBJleBIIRX.
PBc. 17 .<i. Cxelola 06101OTO'IBoi MaJIII1JIH:
1, , - 06J10T0'lBYe ronODKB; 8 - UO.1laJ:IlQe6 YCTPOICTBO; 4 - UPOIlla8O'lR06 yarpolCTBO; 6 - OT6opo'll106
YCTPOICTBO; /I - unamoal6a; ., - BT}'JIK4; 8 - K8'J'}'IIIICa; " 10 - TOplloaa; 11 - aeRTa; l' - B8IIp8B.1UD01QIII
umr4l'r, 18 - 0TKJI01UlJOJQB8 umr....; 14 - aopllo
llocJle OT6opO'lBOrO YCTpOBCTBa 5 paapeaalOTCR DepeMLI'lKII Memp;y p;opBaMU, II p;o
BLI TpaBCDopTIIPYIOTCR Ba nocJlep;YlOlIJ;lle onepaD;llIl.
Hllme DpllBep;eBa TeXBll'leCKaR xapaKTepllCTlIRa 06MOT01JBOB MaIDHBId:
BBYTpelllUlii ADaMeTp pyKaB&, 101M ....... 25-100
IIpoDaBoADTeJIbBOCTb DpU Koa"D
ueRTe loIamBB-
Boro BpeMeBB, paBBoM 1 . . . . . .
CKOPOCTb DOAa'lU AOpBa, IoI/MOH ...
EMKOCTb ycTpoicTBa P;JIJI CMaaKJI, JI .
BYCOTa
eBTpa, MIoI ........
qacToTa Bpam.eBBJI DllaBDIaii6, 0610B
MaKcJlloIaJIbBWI AUaloleTp KaTyJlIRU. JQf
MaKCUMaJIbBaJI mupUBa JIeBTlol, IOf
HaTa)l(eBBe JleBTy, H
ra6apUTBye paSMepy, JQf
AJIUBa .
IDBpBBa
BYCOTa .......
Mace&, T
1200
0,5-30
35
1100
15-350
500
192
2-20
5830
1900
1850
3,3
17.3.2. nHHHH Ana HarOTOBneHHa PYKaBoB
06MOTO
HOA KOHCTPYK
HH
Ha 6aae 06MOTO'lBOB MaIDIIBId (CM. pllC. 17.4) paapa60TaBa J1I1BJ1R P;J1R IIUo-
TOBJleBIIR BanopBLlX PYKaBOB 06MOTO'lBOB KOBCTpyRD;IIII p;OpBOBIdM cnooo6oJrl
(HBp;eKc 343.021). OBa COCTOIIT lIa BeCKOJlI>KIIX arperaTOB: npeCCOBaBIIR KaMeplol
575
Ba JJ;OPB, 06MOTKH, BaJIOmeBHR BapymBoro peSHBOBOrO CJIOR, 6HBTOBaHHR, BYJIKa-
BlISaD,HII, pa36HHTOBaBHR, C'beMa PYKaBOB H CHCTeM TpaBCnOpTHpOBKH JJ;OPBOB
H PYKaBOB. HaJIomeHlle BapymBoro pe3HBOBOrO CJIOR npOH3BOJJ;HTCR Ba 'lepBJI1I-
BOM npecce. MeatAy OTJJ;eJIbBLIMH arperaTalllH YCTaHOBJIeHLI MemonepaD,HOHBLIe
BaKOIl1lTeJIH. Bce OCBOBBLIe OnepaI\HH B JIHHHH MeXaBH3HpOBaBLI. HHme npHBeJJ;eHa
TeXBlI'leCKaH XapaKTepHCTlIKa JIHHHH:
,1J.lIa1018TP PYKaBa, JQf .............
IIP01l3BOARTellbBOCTb, 11.1'1 ...........
Pa60'laa CKOpOCTb, II./MBB .....;.....
'JIICJIeBBOCTb 06CJIf)I(UBaIOmero DepCOBan
06
aJl YCTaBOBJIeBBaJi MOIqIIOCTb 3JIeKTpOAJIUraTe-
JIeii, KBT .......
ra6apRTBble paaMepY. 101M
AJIUBa .
JIUIpllBa
BYCOTa
Macca, T
25-100
600
,no 20
to
46.6
88 000
16000
2000
87,700
JlHBHR H3rOTOBJIeBHR pYKaBOB 06MOTO'IHOH KOBCTPYKI\HII DOJIYJJ;OPBOBLIM cno-
C060M DOKa3aBa Ba pUC. 17.5. Ha JIHBHII H3rOTaBJIHBalOTCR PYKaBa JJ;uaMeTpoM.
OT 13 JJ;O 25 MM H JJ;JIIIHOH 2511f.
t-
,?J 2'- 8
7
-7
_i-_-}= =--
--
/s ../1.. :8..
..
'-'-'1-'- ] --I \\ )!7
, . ,_.t--. . r t,. 3 2 t
-
6
/3
fl
8
8,8 r-r
lid' rtf
YClT06Hbl! OOOJHOII!HUfI:
.. -.. - n!lmb KaM!pbl
.-'- " tJOPHI).
- - - " PIIKO/Ja
PRe. 17.5. CxeMa JlBBBlI AJla lIarOTOBJIeBlta pyKalioB 0611.01'O'lB01 KOBCTpyKItBB DOJlYAOPBOBIIO(
CDoco6oM:
1 - BaJIblU>l; " 18 - qepBII'IlDoJe npecCIol; 8 - uoJlJteplftllB8lO
POJIBK; 4 - OXJI8JflJJ;aJOII1aR B8Jllla; $, I, '0,
II - BaHJIIoI; 'I - 1'py6a; 8,18.'4 - CTOJIIoI; I, II. 11, .1 - TP8RCUOporePbI; 10 - TOJIKaTenlt; 11,14,1'1,
1$ - pOJIbraarB; 11 - 06MOT01JBaR IIaIIIBRa; 1$ - CT8ROK AM C'IoeIIa PyKaBa B B8JteB8BBJI KaJleploI; .8 - Ko-
ten; " - nOTOK; ''1 - 6yrroBam.BIoII CTaBOK.
11.11
1=1
nd'
JlBBHR COCTOHT H3 BaJIbI\OB 1, 'lepBR'lBOrO Dpecca 2, OXJIamJJ;aIO
eH BaBBLI 4,
06!\fOTO'lBOH MaDIIIHLI 12, CTaBKa JJ;JIR CBRTBR pYKaBa C JJ;opBa B BaJJ;eBaBBR KaMepLl
Ba JJ;OPB 15, CTOJIOB 8, 13, 24, 'lepBR'lHOrO Dpecca 18, BYJIKaHll3a
OBBoro ROTJIa 23
H JJ;pyroro o60pYJJ;oBaBHR.
npB pa60Te JIDBHH pe3HHOBaR CMeCb OT BaJIbI\OB 1 TpaBCDopTepOM DOJJ;aeTCR
K 'lepBJI1IBOl\1Y Dpeccy 2. npeccyeMaR KaMepa DODaJJ;aeT Ba DOJJ;AepmHBaIOII\uB: pOJIBK
3 H 3aTeM B OXJIamJJ;aIOII\YIO BaBBy 4, COCTORII\YIO H3 ompOKOH BaBHLI 5 B DorpyaceB-
BOH B Bee Y3KOH BaBHLI 6. KaMepa DepeMelI\aeTCR B BaBBe 6 TpaBcDopTepoM 9
H OXJIamJJ;aeTCR BOJJ;oH, DOJJ;aBaeMoH B BBJJ;e cTPYH H3 Tpy6LI 7. Y pOBeBb BOJJ;LI B BaBBe
5 DOlUJ,epiKBBaeTCR DOCTORBBLIM. OXJIaatAeBBaR KaMepa C TpaBCDopTepa 9 TOJIKaTe-
JIeM 10 CTaJIKHBaeTCR Ba DJIOCKHH CTOJI 8 C V-06pasBLIM yrJIy6JIeBHeM, rJJ;e B Ka-
576
Mepy BTaJIICIIBaeTCH AOpB. AopB C RaMepOB nepeMe
aeTCH Ba XOJIOCTOB pOJIbraur 11
CTOJIa 8, saTeM 06MaTI>IBaeTCH JIeBTaMII Ba 06MOT01JBOB MaDIJJBe 1211 nOnaAaeT Ba xo-
JIOCTOB pOJIbraBr 14 CTOJIa 13. e pOJIbras:ra 14 o6MOTaBBI>IB npopeSBBeBHI>IMlI JIeIf-
TaMil AOpB CTaJIRIIBaeTCH no BaRJIOBBOB nJIOCROCTlI Ba JIeBT01JBbTB TpaBcnopTep
CTOJIa 13. Ha AopBe o6pesaeTcH ROHen; PYRaBa. OrOJIeBBLlB ROHen; ,IJ;OpHa npo-
nycRaeTcH 1Jepes ynopByIO maB6y H 3anpaBJIHeTCH B pa601:fJle pOJIJiIlClI CTaBRa 15.
npOIlSBOAIITCH CBHTlle o6MoTaBBoB JIeBTaMII RaMepl>I 11 OABOBpeMeHBoe BaAeBaHHe
,IJ;pyroB RaMepl>I Ba STOT me AopB.
e TpaBcnopTepa PYRaB no BaRJIOBBOB nJIOCROCTII CTaJIRlIBaeTCH Ha XOJIOCTOB
pOJIbraBr 11 CTOJIa 13. 3aTeM TpaBcnopTep 16 nO,IJ;aeT PYRaB 1Jepes XOJIOCTOB POJIb-
raHr 17 B ROCYIO rOJIOBRy 1JepBJI1IBOrO npecca 18,IJ;JIH BaJIOmeBIIH BapymBoro peslI-
HOBoro CJIOH. OT6op01JBLlB TpaBcnopTep 19 nepeMe
aeT pYRaB Ba JIeBT01JBLlB TpaBc-
nopTep 21, a saTeM B OABY liS BaBB 20,22, rAe pYRaB 3anOJIBHeTCH BO,IJ;OB II 3aRps-
BaeTCH npo6Rae. 3anOJIBeBBaH PYRaBaMH BaBHa JIe6e,IJ;ROB sarpYmaeTCH B BYJIRa-
BHSaD;JIOBBLlB ROTeJI, a co611paeMI>Ie PYRaBa CTaJIRlIBalOTCH C TpaBcnopTepa 21
B APyryro BaBBY, BaBBI>I 20, 22 YCTaBOBJIeBbl Ba TpaBepcHoB TeJIe)KICe, nepeHe
a-
lO
eB IIX B nOnepe1JBOM BanpaBJIeBII1I. nOcJIe BYJIRaBIISan;IIH BaBBa Bl>IrpymaeTcH
lIS ROTJIa, MemA)' TpaBepcHoB TeJIemROB II pOJIbraBrOM 25 YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH Ba-
RJIOBHbJB pOJIbraBr H nplI nOMO
JIe6e,IJ;RlI pYRaBa, 38.XBa1JeHBl>Ie 3a ROHen;, BI>I-
Puc. 17.6. CXeMA JlRBUB c6oplOt 06MOTO'IDIX PyKABOB 6eaAopBoBYlol CDoc060M:
1,6 - qepBJI'lBWe JIpeCCH; 11 - ronoBKa C YJUIBRelUDolM AOpROM; 8, 4 - unaRmal6w; 6 - T-06pa3U3.1I ro:xoBKa;
'I - oT60poquoe YCTPottCTBO; 8, 9 - BTyJIKB; 10 - pa60'IaJI KaTymKa; 11 - aauaCR3.1I KaTym1(a; 12 - KaMepa;
18 - HD1b; 14 - KaTym1(a; 16,11 - JleRTW; 1'1 - UBeBIIOqlllDlJlJ(p.
'.
rpyncalOTcH lIS BaBBLI Ba poJIbraBr 25, a B ROTeJI sarpY>1<aeTCH APyraH BaHHa C py-
RaBaMH. e pOJIbfaBra 25 PYRaBa no OABOM}T CTaJIRIIBalOTCH B JIOTOR 26, npOMI>IBalOTCH,
ROBTpOJIHpyroTCH 11 SaR8T1>IBaIOTCH B 6yxTLI Ba 6yxTOBaJIbBOM CTaBRe 27. AJIBHa
JIBBlIlI paBHa npllMepBo 70 M, a mllpBBa - 6 M. npOIlSBOABTeJIbBOCTb JIBBII1I
saBIlCHT OT AllaMeTpa IISrOTaBJIlIBaeMI>IX PYRaBOB H COCTaBJIHeT 625-750 J.1/1J.
,IJ;OCTOHBCTBOM paccMoTpeBBoB JIBBIIII HBJIHeTCH YA81JBaH ROMnOBOBRa o60py-
AOBaHlIH. ,IJ;OpB npOXO,IJ;1IT MmlIIMaJIbBLIii DyTb. B DPOAOJIbBOM BaDpaBJIeBIIII OB
nepeMe
aeTCH 06MOT01JBOB MamBBOB 12 II cTamcoM 15, a B nODepe1JHOM CTaJIRII-
BaeTCH no HaRJIOBBI>IM DJIOCROCTHM CTOJIOB 81113. B JIHHlIH lICnOJIbSYeTCH He60JIbmOe
1JlICJIO ,IJ;OpHOB. YAa1JBO npJIMeHeB BYJIRaBlIsaD;JIoBBI>IB ROTeJI He6oJIbmOrO ,IJ;HaMeTpa
C pacnOJIOmeHllblM1I Ba BeM pOJIbraHrOM 25 II JIOTROM 26.
exeMa JIBBlIlI C60PRII 06MOT01JBI>IX pyRaBOB 6eS,IJ;OpBOBI>IM cDoco6oM npe,IJ;C'Ia-
BJIeHa Ha pllC. 17.6. JIBBIIH COCTOlIT liS 1JepBJl'IBOrO npecca 1 ,IJ;JIH npeccoBaHlIH Ra-
Mepl>I, rOJIOBRH C YAJIBBeHBIJM AOpBOM 2, ,IJ;BYX 06MOT01JHI>IX CTaHROB C nJIaHmaB-
6aMH 3 11 4, 1JepBJI1IBOrO npecca 5 AJIH BaJIO>1<eHlIH HapY>KBoro pesBBoBoro CJIOH
C T-06pa8BoB rOJIOBROB 6, oT6op01JBOrO YCTpOBCTBa 7 H HeKOTOpl>IX APyrHx YSJIOB.
06MOT01JBl>Ie CTaBRII 11 oT6op01JBOe YCTpoBCTBO IIMelOT HHAlIBIIA}TaJIbHl>Ie nplIBOALI
37 8ua8 163
577
nOCTORBBoro TORa, othenmteBBye CIICTeMOR CIIBXpOHHSa:O;IIH. KamAYii 06lttOTOtfHyii
CTaBOR cBa6meH nJIaBmaii60ii, YCTaBOBJIeBSoii Ba nOJIoii OCII. Ha nJIaBmaii6e
IIMelOTCR ABe BTYJllm 8 II 9 AJIR pa60tfeii 10 II sanacHoii 11 RaTymeR.
K8.Mepa 12 npeccyeTcR tfepBHtfBYM npeccoM 1 tfepes rOJIOBRY C YAJIIISeHBYM
,u;OpBOM 2, Ba ROTOpOM II npOIlSBOABTCR nOCJIe,u;YlOlD;aR 06MoTRa PYRaBa. Mem,u;y
AOpSOM II RaMepoii nOAaeTCR BOABYH paCTBOp CMaSRII On7 HJIlI On10. BBeAeBlIe
CMaSRII CHlImaeT YCIIJIIIe npOTRrllBaBlIR RaMepY. .n;e opMa:O;IIH RaMepY B oceBml
BanpaBJIeHInI npeAYIIpemAaeTCH ee apMllpOBaHHeM npOAOJIbSYMH BlITRMII 13 C Ra-
TymeR 14. Ha CROJIb3HJD;y1O no AOPHY RaMepy BaBOARTCR CBatfaJIa JIeBTa 15
11 B npOTlIBOnOJIOmSOM eu BanpaBJIeBIIII- JIeSTa 16. C 6YXTY, pacnoJIomeBBoii Y JIII-
HBlI, 3anacsaR RaTyoma 11 BaMaTYBaeTCR napaJIJIeJIbBO C pa60Toii JIIIHD. nOcJIe
Bspacxo,u;OBallJlJl JIeSTY C RaTyomll 10 JIlIBIIH aBTOMaTH'leCRH OCTaSaBJIIIBaeTCR.
Ha MeCTO RaTymRIII0 naeBMo:O;IIJIl11IApOM 17 nepeTaJIRIIBaeTCR RaTymRa 11. KOB:O;Y
npeAJalAYlD;eii II nOCJIeAYJOlD;eu JIeBT CTYRYIOTCR, II JIIIIIJIJI BBOBb nYCRaeTCR B pa60TY.
nepesanpaBRa RaTymeR AJIIITCR OROJIO 30 C II Be sapymaeT pemBMa C60PRII pyRaBa.
nplI BaJIOmeBIIII BapYmHOro peSIIBOBoro CJIOR liS npOCTpaBCTBa MemAY CJIORMII
pyRaBa otcacbIBaeTCR BOSAYX. 3TIIM ,u;OCTllraeTCH onpeCCOBRa PYRaBa. OT60po'l8oe
YCTpoiicTBO 7 UMeeT cne:o;uaJIbHbIe V-06passbIe nOAymRII H npOTRrllBaeT pyRaBa
pasJI'II1IBbIx ABaMeTpOB. C06paBHbIii pyRaB MOmeT npllBUMaTbCR B MaraSIIB, BbInOJI-
BeBBbIU B BRAe Roa:o;eBTpH'leCRlIX 6apa6aBOB, IlJIII paspe3aTbCR sa OTpeSRII onpe-
AeJIeBBOU AJIJIHH II BYJIRaHIISOBaTbCR OAHIIM liS IISBeCTBbIX cnoc060B. Hllme npllBe-
AeBa TeXJDI1IeCRaJI xapaRTepllCTJilRa JIIIBD C60PRII 06MOTOtfBbIX pyRaBOB 6es-
AOpBOBbIM cnoc060M:
BRy.TpeBIIIfii AHaMeTp PYKaoa,"" ...... 25; 32; 38; 50
I1poR3BOABTeJIl>lIocTl>, 'M/MHB.
DpU K09iJi eBTe 'MamUlllloro Bp8Mellll, pu-
1101011..................
DpU K091)4jHD;JleBTe MamRBBOrO BpeMeBB, PU-
110M 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EIoIKOcTb DpuelolBoro Y,CTpORCTBa DPJl gB8KeTpe PJj-
KUOB, 101:
25MM.................. .
321B1 ...................
38.......................
50.......................
MaKClDlaJIbllaJi 'IaCTOTa BpallteJlUJI D.IIaBDlai6 06-
MOTO'lBblX CTallKOB, 06/MHB. . . . . . . .
.nUaM8Tp KaTYIDKU,"" . . . . . . . . . .
PaCXOA CMaaKR. 11/'1 ...........
06m;aa MOm;llOCTI> 911eKTpOABBI'aTeJIei, KBT
ra6apRTBYe paa'Mepy. ....
AllRBa .
mupRBa
BYCOTa
Macca. T
17.4. 060PYAOBAHHE Anf:j C60PKH PYKABOB
HABHBOLIHOA KOHCTPYKLU1H
10
6
280
260
220
140
150
970
15
100
20 000
5800
2000
19,700
B pyRaBax BaBlIBOtfHOii ROBCTpyRD;IIH CIIJIOBOU CJIoii 06pa3yeTcR nYTeM Ha-
BIIBRH B npOTIIBOnOJIOmSbIX BanpaBJIeBIDIX OABoro HJIII HeCROJIbRIIX napHbIx
CJIOeB BlITeR.
HaBHBo'lllble pyRaBa 06JIaAalOT BceMB AOCTOIIBCTBaMII 06MOTOtfBbIX PYRaBoB.
npll 8TOM B HIIX BeT BaXJIeCTOB JIeBT, 1IB0rAa SaMeTBbIX Ba Bapymsoii nOBepxBocTlI
06MOT01JBblX pyRaBoB npll 60JIbmoii Tom:o;lIBe IIcnOJIbsyelrlYX TRaBeii. C60pRa BaBII-
B01JBblX pyRaBoB npOIlSBOAIITCR AOpSOBLlM II 6eaAopBoBIIIM cnoc06aMII.
578
17.4.1. ArperaTbi Ans
C60PKM HaBMBO"lHblX PYKaBOB
AOpHOBbiM cnoco6oM
CxeMa OABoro liS OTe1JeCTBeBBI>IX arperaTOB AJIH C60PRII B8BIIB01JBLIX PYRaBOB
AOpBOBI>IM cnoc060M nplIBeAeBa Ba plIC. 17.7.
ArperaT COCTOlIT lIS nOAaIO
ero YCTpOBCTBa 1, Tpex npOMaS01JBHX YCTpoiicTB
2
3114, ABYX BaBIIBO'lHI>IX CTaBROB 5116, pOJIJmOBOrO MeXaBJISMa 7 AJIH HaJIOmeBIIH
npOMemYTOlffiOro peSlIBOBoro CJIOH, npOTHrlIBaIO
ero YCTpoBcTBa 8, oT60polffioro
TpaBcnopTepa 9 II nepeRJIaA1IlIRa 10.
nOAaIO
ee 1 II npoTHrllBaIO
ee 8 YCTpoiicTBa aBaJIOrlf1lBLI no ROHCTPYRu;mI
1I Bl>InOJIHeHI>I B BRAe ABYX 6eCROBe'lBI>IX npllBOAHI>IX ryceH
lIS 06peS1IHeBBI>IX
TpaBcnOpTepBI>IX JIeHT. l' ClIJIlle nOAa1JlI PYRaBa YCTaBaBJIIIBaeTCH IISMeHeHlleM
CIIJII>I ero cmaTIIH ryceB
aMlI npll nOMO
lI nHeBMOrRApaBJIII'IeCROii ClICTeMI>I.
npOMaSO'lBl>Ie YCTpoiicTBa UMeIOT Alla4>parMeHBl>Iii nplIBOA, 06eCne1JlIBaIO
D;lIp-
RYJIHD;lIIO CMaSRII BBYTPII YCTpoiicTBa. 'YpOBeHb CMa3RlI HlIme BXOABOro II BI>IXOA-
Boro OTBepCTllii AJIH PYRaBa. .
21 19 16 18
Puc. 17.7. CxaMa arperaTa AJla c60pKB lIaBUBO'IBYX PyKaBOB
OpIlOBlo1lol CDoco60M:
1 -- uOD.8IOl!Iee 1C1'pOttCTBO; 11-4 - IIpOMa80'IBWe YCTPottCTBa; 6, , - RIIBlIIIO'IBWe CT8IIIIB;17 - MUaBB8I1.UIJI
RaJlOlKeBllllllpOllelKYJ.'OuOI'O peaBROBoro MOil; 8 - IIpOTJlrBB8IODlee YCTPottCTBO; 9 - TP8BCUOPTeP; 10 - uepc-
KnaJl'lllK; 11 - unaamaMa; 1!1 - 8Be8,QO'IJ(a; 18 - muymr; 14 - KOJlU8KII; 16,17 - TOpM08RWe KOnl>
a;
16 - 1IBTIt; 18 - TPJ6a; J4I - Ka'J'JIIIRa; 110,111 - pon&JCB.
HaBIIB01JBHii CTaBOR 5 lIMeeT nJIaHmaii6y 11, npllBOABMyIO BO Bpa
eBlIe 3Bes-
AO'lROii 12 OT o6
ero nplIBOAa arperaTa. B npllBoAe nJIamnaii61>I UMeeTCH 8JIeKTpO-
rllApaBJIlf1IeCRIIB: TOpMOS II RYJIa'lKOBaH MY4>Ta C PY1JBI>IM ynpaBJIeHBeM. Ha nJIaH-
maii6e Ba ROBycax YCTaBaBJIIIBaIOTCH KOBlf1IeCRlIe mnyJIH 13 C HBTlIMH B KOJInaRaX
14.
IICJ10 mnYJIb Ba nJIaBIDaii6e MOmeT 6l>ITb paSJIIf1IHI>IM. Ha KpLIIlIRax KOJInaKOB
14 YCTaBOBJIeBI>I'.TopMOSBl>Ie ROJIbD;a 15. )J;JIH perYJIllpOBaBIIH BaT1!9ReBJIH BBTeB 16
CJIymaT II TPII ROJIbD;a 17, npllRpenJIeBBl>Ie 1Jepes Tpy6y 18 R nJIamnaii6e. HaBHB01J-
Hl>Iii CTaBOR 6 aHaJIOrlf1leB cTaBRY 5, HO ero nJIaBIDaii6a Bpa
aeTCH B BanpaBJIemm,
npoTIIBOnOJIOmBOM BanpaBJIeBlIIO Bpa
eBIIH nJIaBmaii61>I 11. ,
MexaBII3M AJIH BaJIOmeBUH peSHBOBoro CJIOH 7 COCTOBT liS ABYX RaTymeR 19
C pesHBoBoii JIeBToii, ABYX npllBOABI>IX 06mUMBI>Ix ponllROB 20 II 21 C BOmeBLDm
pe60PAaMlI. BepxBIIB: pOJIlIR 21 MomeT nepeMe
aTbcH no BepTIIRaJIII OTBOClITeJIbBO
pOJIlIRa 20' AJIH nOJIyqeBIIH Tpe6yeMoro YCIIJIIIH 06m1lM8. pYKaB8. POJIIIRII120 II 21,
Bpa
aHcb, CTI>IRYIOT BepxBIOIO II BllmBIOIO JIeBTI>I 1I 06pesaIOT IISJIIIIDICII peSHBI>I.
ArperaT no. Tpe60BaBlllO SaRaS'IIIKa MOmeT 113rOTaBJIHBaTbCH AJIH PYRaOOB
AJIlIBoii 5, 10 H 20 M II C Tpe6yeMIJM 1JIICJIOM npOMaS01JBI>IX YCTpoiicTB.
npH pa60Te arperaTa AOpBI>I C RaMepoii BenpepNBHO nOA8lOTCH nomTy'lHv
B YCTPOHCTBO 1, npOTaJIRJlBaIO
ee IIX 'Iepes npOMaSOlffiOe YCTPORCTBO 2. B BaBlI-
B01JHOM CTaHRe 5 BaKJI8AI>IBaeTCH CJIoii BIITeR B OABOM BanpaBJIeBIIII, ROTOpl>IiJ
saTeM nORpl>IBaeTCH peSIIHOBI>IM CJIOeM B MexaBIISMe 7. B BaBHBOlffiOM CTaBRe 6
HaRJI8AI>IBaeTCH CJIoii BlITeR B APyroM Banp8BJIemm; AOpB oT6J1p8eTCH npoTHrllBa-
IO
BM YCTpoiicTBOM 8, npOMaSI>IBaeTCH B YCTpoiicTBe 4 II nOn8AaeT B8 JIeBTo1JHLIii
37' 579
TpaHcnopTep 9. nepeW>I'IRII Memmr AopsaMII paspesalOTCH nOCJIe TpeTbei npo-
MaSRII. nepeRJIawumoM 10 C IIHeBMOr
paBJIJI1IeCRIIM npnOAOM AOpH nOAaeTC8
TpaHCnOpTepoM Ha nOCJIeAYIOIqlle ODep
lI. .
Ha arperaTe MorYT IICnOJIbSOBaTLCH SIITIIIIS xJIoJI1laT06YMamHLtX II XlIMJI1IeCRIIX
BOJIOROS. 'YRJIaARa HlITeB: MOmeT 6L1Tb CnJIOmHOB: IlJIII paspemeHHoi. B nOCJIepeM
CJIytIae HeRoTop¥e pyRaBa MOmHO IISrOTaSJIIIBaTL 6es npoMemYTO'lHOrO peslIHoBoro
CJIOH. Hllme DpHBeAeHa TeXHJI1IeCRaH xapaRTepllCTHRa arper8Ta:
CKOpOCTb DepeMem;eaUJI PYKaBa, MtOR ......
,I(HaM8Tp pYKaBa, 101M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,
qacTOTa Bp
eBRJI Dllamoai6, 06/MBB . . . . . . . . . .
PeKOIIe
Y8MaJI MaKCUIoI&JlbRaJI 'IaCTOTa Bp
eRBJI Dna-
mai6 opu 32 moyaBX Ba K
oi ua RUX, 06tJlJf.R . . .
,I(BaM8Tp DpoXOABOro oTBepcTua RaBHBO'lBYX CTa&KOB B
Py.
rox yaaoB arperaTa, 101M . . . . . , . , .
JDoyaJl
A.lIUBa, liioi .............,
AH&IoI8Tp, liioi ....... . . . . . .
elolKOCTb, 101 (Dp. TOJJm;RHe 8BTH 1,2 101M)
TO&m;IIBA BRTd, 101M . . . .
HaTmKeBIIe RRT8i, H .
npoMemyTo'lJlblii c.JIoi
4-24
8-38
20-650
400
t20
180
150
2000
0,5-2,0
....... 0-1
. . . . . . . . PeaRHOBaa lleB-
T()'lKa BJIU
6YCTpocoxay;-
m;aJI BaCTa
14
O
aa YCTa&oBJIeRII8.JI MOm;aOCTb 911eKTpOABara'l'eJlei, KBT
ra6apRTBYe paaMepY (AM AopaoB jIJIRHoi 20 II), liioi
AJIRHa . . . . . . . . . . . . .
mupRHa ...........
BYCOTa ............
Macca (Alla AOpROB AllHUOR 20 !of), T
36220
2510
2000
10,740
17.4.2. ArperaTbi Ami C60PKM HaBHBO
HblX PYK8.BOB
6esAopHoBbiM cnoco6oM
B HeRoTOplllX arperaTax AJUI c60pRII H8BIIB01UlLlX pYKaBoB 6esAopHoBYII CDOCO-
60M onepa
c60pKII BLlDOJISHIOTCH Dpll ropllSOHT8JIbHOM DepeMem;emm pyR8Ba.
Arper8T (pIlC. 17.8) COCTOIIT liS eMRocTII1 AJIJI DOABYJIRaSIISOBaHHOB: KaMepLl, HaBII-
B01ffiLiX CTaHROB 2113, npOMaSO'lHbIX YCTpoicTB 4, 5 II 6, oT60po'lsoro 6apa6as8 7
hc. 17.8. CxeMa arperaTa pa c60pKB BaBUBO'IBIUI pyKaBOB 6eaJ(opaOBYIoI CUoco60M:
1 - elOCOCTIt; S, , - RaBBBO'lBllle CT8BKII; 4-8 - upoMa80QllW6 JOTPOttcna; 'I - oT60poQIDdt 6apa6aR; 8 -
IIpBeIIIIOe YCTPOICTBO.
11 DplleMHOrO YCTpoicTBa 8. Bee DOABllmHLle 8JIeMeHTLI YSJIOB DpllBOAHTCH B ABII-
meHJIe OT 06m;ero npllBOAa. KOHCTPYR
II BaBIIBO'lHLlX CTaHROB II npOMaa01ffiLiX
YCTpoiCTB ODJICaHY np. paCCMOTpemm arper8Ta AJIH C60PRII HaBIIBO'lDlX pyRaBOB
OpHOBWM cnoco60M (CM. pllC. 17.7).
580
npll pa60Te arperaTa ROB nOAJlYJlRaBIISOBaBBOB RaMepLl' nepllOAlAeCRII
CBHSLIBalOTCH nepeA npOMaSKOB Ba YCTpOBCTBaX 4. Co611paeMLIB pyKaB nocJle
SanOJlHeHIUI nplIeMBOrO YCTpOBCTBa 8 paspesaeTcH H B BllAe 6YXTLI CBJlMaeTC
a ROBeD; pyKaBa BBOBb SanpaBJlJleTCH B nplleMBOe YCTPOBCTBO. 3TII onep BLInOJl-
BHIOTCH 6es OCTaBOBRII arperaTa.
B APymx arperaTaX AJIJI C60PKII pyKaBOB HaBlIBO'lHOB ROBCTpyKD;InI 6eSAOp-
HOBLIM cnoco60M onepaJQDI C60PRII BblIIOJIBJIIOTCH npll BepTIIRaJlbBOM nepeMelD;eBIIII
pyKaBa. PyKaB nOAaeTCJI TpaBCnOpTepOM Ba 6apa6aH, Bpam;alOID;HBCH B BaBHe C BOA-
HoD: cycneBSlleD: TanKa. BYJIKaBJISyIOTCH pyKaBa KOTJlOBLIM cnoco60lli B CBIIBD;OBOii
i8! /
.. I
\ !
1
Puc. 17.9. CXeKa arperaTa pa c60pKB BaBBB01llUa pyJCaB08 6ea,llOpBOBYlol cooco6ou:
1 - BL1IhUIII; S, 'I - 1'p8BCUOPT8PW; 8,' - qepBJI1IBJoIe DPeccIII . - B8BBBO'IRWA CT8BOK; 6 - O'l'CJopoqRhlIt
GapalJ8B; 8 - KaMepa; 9 - K8TJDIKa; 10 - cem.cllllo
o6oJl01lKe. Hllme npllBeAeBa TeXBJI1IeCKaJI xapaRTepllCTlIKa arperaTa AJIH C60PKII
BaBJIB01IHL1X pyKaBOB 6eSAopHOBLIM cnoc060M (c BepTlIKaJlbBbtM nepeMelD;eBlleM
pyKaBa):
BBYTpeBBBii IIRaMeTP PYKaBa. 101M . .
CKOpoCTI> c60plOt PY.KaBOB. M/MBB .
qUCllO mUYJlb lIa OAlloi Dllaamai6e
PaaMepy mnyllb, 101M
AB8MeTp . . . . . . . . . . . .
II JIUBa . . . . . . . . . . . . , .
qacTOTa Bp eBBJI DJla&maii6, 06/MHH
HaTJI)I(ellUe BBTeD:, H ........
9-32
10-12
48
135
165
35-350
o-t
Ha arperaTe HenpepLIBHoii C60PKII BaBIIBO'lBLIX pYKaBOB 6eSAopBOBLIM cnoco-
60101., pa6OTaIOlD;eM B qCCp (pIlC. 17.9), CIIJlOBoii CJlOU BLInOJlBHeTCH liS ABYX pas-
pemeBBLIX CJlOeB BlITeii 6es npOMemYT0'lHOrO peSIIBOBOrO CJlOH MemAY BIDDI.
B COCTaB arperaTa BXOAHT BaJIbD;LI 1, TpaHcnopTep 2, 'IepBH'IBbIU npecc 3,
HaBHB01Ulblu CTaBOR 4, OT60po'lm.Ui 6apa6aB 5, 'IepBH'Im.Ui npecc 6 AJIH BaJIOmeBIIII
HapymBoro peSIIBOBoro CJIOH II TpaBCnOpTep 7.
lloAOrpeTaH Ba BaJIbD;ax 1 peSIIBOBaH CMeCb no TpaBcnopTepy 2 nocTynaer
K 'IepBH'lBOMy npeccy 3, ROTOpLlH npeccyeT pe311BoBYlO KaMepy 8. OAHoBpeMeBBo
Ha R8.Mepy BaBOAIITCH BeCKOJIbKO npOAOJIbBbIX BIITeu C KaTymeR 9, npeAynpemAa-
IOII(BX npOAOJIbByIO BLITHmKY pyKaBa npll c6opRe. RaMepa nepeMelD;aeTCH B BaBII-
BO'lHLlU CTaBOR 4, rAe npOll3BOAIITCH OABOBpeMeHBaH HaBIIBRa Ha Bee HIITeu B ABYX
npOTJIBOnOJIOmBLIX HanpaBJIeBIDlX. HapymuaH nOBepXHOCTb RaMepLI pll JIeBaH.
BJIarOAapH 8TOMY BHTII npll BaBBBRe Be CROJIbSHT DO RaMepe. RaMepa C BIITHMII oT611-
paeTcH 6apa6aBoM 5 II DOAaeTCH B 'IepBH1UIbIU npecc 6 Ba BaJIOmeBlle BapymHoro pe-
811BOBOrO CJIOH. CmlxpoBIIsaD;llH npllBOAOB 'IepBH'lBbIX npeCCOB II HaBIIBO'IBOrO CTaHRa
oCyID;ecTBJIHeTCH CeJIbClIB8.M1I 10. Co6paBHbIii pyKaB oT611paeTCH TpaHCDopTepOM 7,
aBTOMaTll'leCRH pemeTCH Ba OTpeSRII AJIBBOH 50 M 1I CTaJlRIIBaeTCH B BaHBY C BOAOU.
3aTeM no IIsBecTBoH TeXBOJlOmH pyKaBa BYJlRaBJISYIOTCH B BOAe. Hllme DpneAeBa
581
TeXB1J1IeCRaH XapaRTepllCTlIRa arperaTa AJIH C60PRII HaBIIB01fHLlX pyRaBOB 6esAop-
HOBLIM CDoc060M (C rOplISOHTaJIbHLlM DepeMe eHlleM pyRaBa):
,l\BaMeTP PYKaoa, 101M . . . . . . . . . .
CKOpOCTb oroopa PYKaaa. 101101/06 ....
MaKCBMallbBYi ABaMeTp mDYllR, MM ..
'tIBCllO KOBR'l8CKRX mUYllb Ba ullamuai6e
BycoTa eHTpa. 101M .............
qacTOTa Bpam;eBBJI ullamnai6Y. 06/MJiIB . . . .
ra6apHTBye paaMepY (BaBlIBO'lBOrO CTaUKa), 101
AJIBBa .
mupHBa
BYCOn
10-25
17,5-79
160
16
1050
80-600
3060
1200
1650
17.5. 060PYAOBAHHE Am:j H3rOTOBnEHHft
cnHPAnbHblX PYKABOB
BcaCLlBalO lIe 11 HaDopHo-BcacLlBalO lIe pyRaBa (cDllpaJIbHLle pyRaBa) B cBoei
ROHCTPYR IIMelOT DpOBOJI01fHyIO CDllpaJIb. OHa 06eCDe1fHBaeT CODpOTHBJIeHII&
Ae4>opMa:O;lIlI OT AeB:CTBIIH MeCTHLlX HarpYSOR, YCTOB:1fIlBOCTb DOA AeB:CTBHeM BBeDIBero
AaBJIeHIIH II DpeAoxpaHHeT BHyTpeHBlIe CJIOII pyRaBa OT paCCJIoeHIDI npll paspememm.
PYRaBa IISrOTaBJIIIBalOTCH B OCHOBHOM AOpHOBLlM cnoc060M.
HSrOTOBJIeHlle CDllpaJIbHLIX PYRaBOB AlIaMeTpOM AO 75 MM npOIlSBOAIITCJI
Ha JIlIHlIHX, COCTOH IIX liS SaRaTO'lHOB: MamllHLI II SaRaTO'IHOB: rOJIOBRD'. B DOCJIeAHII&
rOALI B SaRaTO'lBLlX rOJIOBRaX AJIH BaBeAeHIIH CDllpaJIII HCnOJIbSyIOTCH cne:o;uaJIbHLIe
RapeTRII. llpll STOM SHa'lllTeJIbHO 06JIel'1falOTCH YCJIOBIIH TpYAa, OARaRO TpYAoeMRaJi
ODepaD;llH S8AeJIRH ROH:O;OB CDllpaJIlI e e BLInOJIHHeTCH BpyqHyIO. PyRaBa A1I8.MeTpOM
60JIee 75 MM c061IpalOTcH Ha SaRaT01fBLIX rOJIOBRIlX C RJIee1fHLlMII CTOJIaMD'.
B DOCJIeAHee BpeMH DOJIyqalOT pacnpOCTpaHeHHe TeXHOJIOrll'leCRlle npo:o;eCCLI
C60PRII CDHpaJIbHbIX PYRaBOB, B ROTOpLlX AOpH C c0611paeMLlM PYRaBOM COBepmaeT
JIllmb DOCTYDaTeJIbHOe ABllmeHlle, a RaTymRII C apMllpYIO IIMlI MaTepHaJIaMII
Bpa aIOTCH BORPyr AopHa. llpll STOM 060PYAoBaHlIe BLlDOJIHHeTCH C yqeToM COB-
Me eHlIH B DOTORe OTAeJIbHLlX oDepan;Hii. TaR, B arperaTax Ha 6a3e ODJIeTO'lHLlX
MamllH B OAHOM DOTORe DpOlISBOAlITCH HaBeAeHHe CDllpaJIII II ABYX npoMemYT0'lHLlX
peslIHoBLlX CJIOeB. B APyroM DOTORe nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHO HaRJIaALIBalOTCH HapymHLlB:
peSIIHOBLlB: CJIOB:, 611HT, mHYP; OTAeJIbHO DpOIlSBOABTCH HaJIOmeHlle ODJIeTRII.
B arperaTax Ba 6ase 06MOT01fHLlX MaIDIIH HaJIOmeHlle Bcex peslIBoBLlX 11 CIIJIOBLIX
CJIOeB H npOBOJIO'lHOB: CDlIpaJIII 11 611BToBaHHe DpOlISBOAHTCH B OAHOM DOTORe.
llpOBOJIO'lHaH CDlIpaJIb HaBoAIITcH Ha pyRaB npll nOMo H cDe:O;lIaJIbHLlX CDlI-
paJIeHaBlIBO'lHLIX CTaHROB. KOHCTPYRTIIBHO CTaHRlI BLlDOJIHHIOTCH B ABYX OCHOBHLlX
BapHaHTax: 6e3 npeABapllTeJIbHOB: DOAroToBRII cnllpaJIII II C DpeABapllTeJIbHoii:
DOArOTOBROB:.
llpllHn;IIDllaJIbHaH cxeMa CTaHRa DepBoro TilDa npeACTaBJIeHa Ha pllC. 17.10.
llOJILIB: BaJI 1 CMOBTllpOBaH B DOADIIIDHIIRax Ra1feHIIH 2 II npHBOABTCH BO Bpa eHHe
3BeSAo'lROB: 9. C1>eMHaH RaTymRa 4 C DpOBOJIOROB: 5, YCTaHOBJIeHHaH Ha BaJIY 1,
Bpa aeTcH OTHOClITeJIbHO Hero H DO TopMamIlBaeTCH TOpM030M 6. POJIIII<H 7 Ba-
npaBJIHIOT DpOBOJIORY Ha Y'IaCTRe Me)I'AY RaTymROB: 4 II AOpHOM 8. Bpa alO HecH
'IaCTlI saRpLlBalOTCH RomYXOM 9. llpOTHrHBalO ee YCTpOB:CTBO 10 H DOAalO ee
YCTpOB:CTBO 11 DepeMe alOT AOpH B ropll30HTaJIbHOM HanpaBJIeHIIII.
KOHen; DpOBOJIORH SaRpeDJIHeTCH Ha opHe BpyqHyIO. llpH DocTynaTeJIbBOltl
ABlIiI\eH1I1I AopHa 11 Bpa eHIIII BaJIa 1 C RaTymROB: 4 npOBOJIORa HaBIIBaeTCH Ha
AOpH 8. 06pa30BaHlle CDllpaJIII (H3rH6 DpOBOJIORII) DpOlISBOAIITCH HeDocpeACTBeHHO
Ha AopHe. PacxoA npOBOJIORH ODpeAeJIHeT CROpOCTb Bpa eHHH RaTymRH 4 OTHOClI-
TeJIbHO BaJIa 1. YClIJIlIe 06mllMa AopHa DPOBOJIOROB: YCTaHaBJIHBaeTCH TOpM030M 6.
BLIcTpaH OCTaHOBRa BaJIa 1 C RaTymROB: 4 ocy eCTBJIHeTCH TOpMOSOM 12. KaTymRa 4 -
582
10
7 9
....:"... .,
...,....'...:::. a
4 . ;:";";." 1 6
// ,
1
1. 1 2 3
,Tu u
-
7
1
::;: / "'::::
...., 6
5
II
Puc. t7.10. CXeMa CTaBKa A.IIa BaBBBKB CDBp&JlB 6e8 Dp8AJl&Pl1'l'eJIl>IIoi DOJll'OTOBKB:
1 - uomdt Ban; 11 - UOJUIIIIJIBIIRII; , - 8Be3AOQKa; 4 - 8JI Ka'J'JIIIRa; 6 - IIpOBOJIOKa; I, 1!1 -I'OPIlO88I
1 - POJDIKB; 8 - "OPR; 9 - KOmyx; 10 -1Ip0TJl1'IIB8IO ee YCTPOICT80; 11 - uOA8IO ee yCTPOICTBO.
J
Q
I
7--1
PBC. 17. ti. Caiola CTaBKA a.lla BaBBBKB Dpe,IIBapBTeJlI>BO DOJll'OTOueBBoi CDBpaJIB:
1 - uomdt Ban; 11 - UO"IIIIDJIIBJ(IJ; 8 - PGTOP; 4 - Bep1'llKam.awe pomnm; 6 - roplI8OB'1'am.awe poJIlIJtII;
6 - KaT}'DIKa; 1,16,19.110 - emu.re uej>eJtaqu; 8 -RYHa'lKoB8JIlIY$Ta; 9 - TOPII08; 10,18 - YKJIIIJI'DDCB;
11 - IIp}'JfCJIRa; 1!1 - 6apallaR; 14 - 8yO'l8T8JI uapa; 11 - C'IIeIIBWe KaTJIIIKII; 1'1 - UOJl8lO ee YCTPOICTBO;
18 - 1Ip00aCKlIBalO ee YCTPOICTBO.
C1>eMBaH, SanOJIBSeTCJI npOBOlIOKOU BBe CTaBKa II HOBTIIPYeTCH Ba Ball 1 np. nOHO
TelIl>4>epa.
npllBnllDnalIbBaH cxeMa CnllpalIeBaBIIBO'IBOrO CTaBKa C npe}J;BapllTeJIbBO
nOArOTaBlIlIBaeMOH CnllpalIblO npeACTaBlIeB8 Ba pllC. 17 .11. R nOlIoMy BallY 17
CMOHTllpOBaBBOMy B nOAJllmDIIIKaX 2, KpenllTCJI pOTOp 3. no 06pasYIOIl\eu pOTopa
pacnOlIOmeBLI BepnmalIbB e 4 11 ropllSOBTalIbBLIe 5 pOlIl'IKII. Me»<AY pomU<aM:1I
BaMamBaIOTCJI ABe Ka-rymKII 6 npOBOlIOKII. Ball 1 C pOTOpOM 3 npIlBo,u;IITCJI BO Bpall\e-
Hlle :o;eIIBou nepeAaqeU 7, OH MomeT OTKlIlOqaTbCJI OT 061l\ero nplIBOAa KYlIaqKOBOB
MY TOU 8 II 6LICTpO OCTaBaBJI1IBaTbCJI npll nOMOIl\ll TopMosa 9. npOBOlIOKa CMaTLI-
BaeTCJI C 6yXT, yCTaBOBlIeBBLIX PHAOM co CTaBKOM (Ha pllC. 17.11 Be nOKasaBLI)7
yRlIa KOM 10 paCKlIa,u;LIBaeTCJI Ha KaTymKII 6 npll Bpall\eHHII pOTopa 3. fopll-
SOBTalIbBLIe pOlIlIR1I 5 no,u; ,u;eHcTBlleM npOBOlIOKII npeOAOlIeBalOT conpOTIIBlIeBlle
npymllB 1111 nepeMell\alOTCJI BHyrpb pOTopa. npll Bpall\eHlI1I pOTopa BaMOTaBBLIe
KaTymKII 6 Bpall\alOTCJI BMeCTe C BIIM.
OT60p npOBOlIOKH C KaTymeK 6 npll BaBeAeHHII CnllpalIl1 Ha ,u;OpB ocym;eCTB-
lIJleTCJI 6apa6aBoM 12. OB BLITJlrHBaeT liS Ka-rymeK 6 BByrpeBHlle BIITKII npOBOlIOKB
II o,u;HOBpeMeHHO Ae opMHpyeT ee, npllAaBaJl eu OPMY BIITKa cnupalIlI. 3aTe}1
npOBOlIOKa npOXOAIIT 'Ie pes OTBepCTIIJI yRlIap;qllRa 13, IIKcllpYlOll\ero mar cnupalIlI,
II BaMaTLIBaeTCH pOTOpOM Ba AOpB C saroToBKoU pyRaBa. no Mepe pacxo,u;a npOBOlIOKB
pOlIlIRlI 5 nOAAeuCTBHeM npymllB 1111 :o;eBTp06emBLIx ClllI npHmllMaIOTCJI K BByrpeBBei
nOBepXBOCTII KaTymeK 6 H :o;eBTpllpylOT IIX. Bapa6aB 12 BLITJlrllBaeT OABOBpeMeHBO
,u;Be npOBOlIOKH C ABYX Ka-rymeK 6, II Ba AOpB BaBoAMcH AByxsaXOABaJl Cnllpallb.
nplIBOA 6apa6aB8 12 OC eCTBlIJleTCJI qepes sy6'1aTYlO napy 14, :o;enHYIO nepe-
Aaqy 15 II BapllaTOp OT 06ID;ero npllBOAa CTaBKa. BapllaTopoM IISMeBJleTCH CKOpOCTI>
Bpall\eBlIJI 6apa6aBa npll onpeAelIeBBOU CKOpOCTII pOTopa. npll STOM IISMeBHeTCJI
KOJlD1leCTBO nOAaBaeMOU 6apa6aBOM npOBOlIOKII, qTO BLlSLIBaeT IISMeHeBlle AllaMeTpa
HaBlIBaeMOU CnllpalIl1 II ClllIY BamaTIIJI CnHpalIH Ba pacnOlIOmeBBLIe nOA HeH ClIOII
pyRaBa. nOCJIe IIspaCXOAOBaBlIH npOBOlIORII CTaBOK aBTOMaTll"leCKII OCTaBaBlIlI-
aaeTCJI. HeMepBLIe OCTaTKII npOBOlIOKII C KaTymeK 6 nepeMaTLIBaIOTCJI Ba C1>eMBIII&
KaTyDIKII 16. AopBLI nepeMell\alOTCH no,u;alOll\lIM 17 II npOTJlrllBalOll\1IH 18 YCTPOU-
CTBaM:II.
STOT CTaBOK IICnOlIbSYeTCJI npll c60pKe pyRaBOB co cnupalIJlMII liS TOBKOU npo-
BOlIOKII (npllllsrOTOBlIeBJIII rlI8AKIIX pyRaBOB). npll STOM OTnaAalOT onepaD;IIH mHY-
pOBKII II pacmBYPOBKII pyRaBOB.
alIbBeUmee COBepmeBCTBOBaBJIe npOIlSBOACTBa CnllpalIbBLIX pyRaBOB nOUAeT,
IIAIIHO, no D}1TH Bo601Iee pa:o;:o:oBalIbBOU KOHnOBOBKII 060PYAOBaBIIH II COBMell\emur
onep8:o;1rli WIll oTAelIbBLIX TIIDOB pyRaBoB npll AOpBOBOM cnoco6e npOIl8'BOACTBa.
BosMomBo paSBlITlle npo:o;eccoB C60PKII Ha 1'1I6KJIX AOpB8X, 8 TaKme 6es npllMeHeBIIJI
AOpBOB.
17.6. 060PYAOBAHHE Anf:j C60PKH KPyrnOTKAHblX
PYKABOB
RpyrlIOTKaHLIe pyRaBa COCTOJIT liS ClllIOBOrO ClIOJl B BllAe TKaBOrO 'IeXlIa
H BBYTpeHHero peslIBoBoro ClIOJl. nplI He601IbmOM AaBlIeBHH pyRaBa lIsrOTaBlIlIBa-
IOTCJI 6es BHyTpeBBero peslIBoBoro ClIOJl, a npH nOBLImeBBOM AaBlIeBHII - C }J;BYMJI
'IeXlIaM:lI.
ClllIOBOH ClIOU KpyrlIOTKaBLlX PYK BOB lISrOTaBlIlIBaeTCJI Ba KpyrlIOTRanRnx
CTaBKax. CTaBoR TRn-125-JI lIMeeT nOlILIH :o;eHTpanw.m Ball 1 (pIIC. 17.12),
Ba KOTOpOM CMOBTllpOBaBa BTYJIRa 2, npHBOAIIHaH BO Bpall\eHlI,e qepe3 ROBII'IeCRH€
meCTepBH 311 4, ropH30HTalIbBLlU Ball 12, 81IeKTpOMarHIITBYIO pllRnlloHHYlO MY TY
II RJIIIHOpeMeBHyIO nepeAa'lY OT SlIeRTpo,u;BllraTelIJI nOCTOHHHoro TORa 13. B BepxHeii
'IaCTII BTYJIRH 2 SaRpenlIeHLI ABa naSOBI>IX 8Rc:o;eHTpHR8. HHiRHHB naSOBhlB :mc:o;eHT-
pER 5 CBJlSaB C ABeHa,u;:o;aTl>IO peMIISHLIMH pallmaMH 14, pacnOlIOmeHHLIMlI no BHYTpeH-
584
BeB oRpymBoCTII. npll Bpa emlll 3RC eBTpBROB nplIBOAHTCH B ABWKeBDe peMIISHLIe
paMRII. BLlIDe 3RC eBTpIlROB Ba BTYJIRe SaRpenJIeBa meCTepRH 8, Bp alO aH
BepTIIKaJIbBLIe BaJIBRII 9; nOCJIeABlle 1fepes meCTepBD 11 II peiR. 15 npllBOAHT
BO Bpa eBDe 1feJIROKII 10. PeBKII saKpenJIellbl Ba saAJDIX cTemcax 1feJIBOKOB.
)\Ba 1feJIROKa pacnOJIOmeBLI AllaKeTpaJIbBO npoTIIBonoJIomBo APyr APyry
II AB. CH no Kpyry C oAlIHaRoBoB CKOpOCTblO, cOrJIaCOBaBBOB C ABWKeBneM
peMHSIIbIX paMOK. HIITII OCBOBLI npOXOAHT 1fepes rJla3KII peHDsllblx paMOK 7, 14,
a saTeM orll6alOT BanpaBJIHIO ee KOJIb:O;O . 4>OPMYIO 1rli KOUYC. Ha 1feJIBOKe 10
BaMOTaBLI BIITII yTKa. B pesYJIbTaTe ABllmeBIIJI1feJIBOKOB B npoXOAe, 06pasOBaBBOM.
I.
/0
10
7
/*
PBc. 17.12. CXeMa KpyrJIOTRa1l,1t0rO G
CTUKa TRn-125-JI:
1 - Ban; 11 - BTYJlKa; 3,4 - KOBB'l6CKRe
mecnepBB; 6 - IIIDI<HIIA nas08'" 8KCI{eRT-
po; , - Bep:mBtt nasoB'" &KClteBTpO; ",
14 - peMB8BWe paMKB; 8 - mec-repRJI; 9 -
BePTJDCam.&IIe BIIJIHRB; 10 - qenHOK; 11 -
mecTePIIII; 16 - roPB30BTam.BId Ban; 18-
8JJeKTPOABBraorem. UOCTOJlRBOrO TOKa; 16-
pelKa.
HHTHM:P: OCBOBLI, nOJIY1faeTCH nepenJIeTeBDe. fOTOBLIB pYKaB npOXOAIIT BRIIS no.
nOJlOMY :o;eHTpaJlLBOMY BaJIY.
Hllme npllBeAeHa TeXllll"leCKaH XapaRTepllCTIIKa CTaBKa TRn-125-JI:
PaaMepy PYKua
&IoIeTp, 101M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 51-125
AJlBBa. M ................. ,I(o 500
qacTOTa Bp 8BWI D;eHTp&JlbBOrO BaJIa. OO/MBB 70; 80; 90
qUCJIO oABoBpeMeBBo paoOT BX 'IeJlBOKOB. .. 2
MO BOCTb 811eKTpOABUraTeJIJI. RBT 4,5
raoapnTBllle paaMepY DO OCBOBaBBIO, M)(
rllYOBBa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2585
mapBBa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1900
COeAIIBeBlle TKaHoro 1feXJIa C peSlIHoBoB KaMepoB npOlIaBOAIITCH ee DpoTHrlIBa
BlIe1;l BHyTPb 1feXJIa IIJ1H Hapa6oTKOB 1feXJla Ba KaMepy.
17.7. BynKAHI-13ALl.HOHHOE 060PYAOBAHHE
BYJlKaB1I3a IIH pyRaBOB npOlISBOAIITCH B OCBOBBOM B BYJlKaHBaa:O;lIoHHIdX
KOTJIax. ROHCTPYK:O;IIH II npllH n pa60TLI BYJIKaBIISa 1I0BBLIX KOTJIOB nOAPo6HO
oCBe eBLI B JIlITepaType, n03TOMY 3AeCb OBII onYCKaIOTCH.
585
npll 60JILmOB ,IJ;JIlIBe ROTJIa ero Ropnyc HarOTaBJIlIBaeTCfI H3 OT,u;eJILBLIX '1aCTeB,
coe,u;HHfleMLIX npll nOMO JIaB:o;eB. O,u;Ha lIa onop Ropnyca BenO,IJ;BllmBa, a OCTaJIL-
HLIe - nO,IJ;BlImllLI. 3TIIM ROMneHCllpYIOTCH TeMnepaTypHLIe pacmllpeBIIH Ropnyca.
B BeROTopLlX CJIyqaHx ROpnyC HSrOTaBJIIIBaeTCH C napOBOB Py6amRoii, T. e. Ropnyc
OXBaTLIBaeTCfI BTOpLIM D;llJIIIB,u;pll'leCRIIM COCy,u;OM C 8JIJIllnTll'leCRIIM ,u;Hm:o;eM, ROTOpLIii
npHBapHBaeTCflR BeMY npH nOMO 606L1meR. ,IJ;JIH YJIY'lllleBHH OTBo,u;a ROBAeBCaTa
lIa ROTJIa Ropnyc YCTaBaBJIIIBaeTCH C YRJIOHOM 1:1000-1:2000.
3arpY3Ra II BLIrpysRa lIa,IJ;eJIlm npOIlSBowrrCfI ROTJIOBLIMII TeJIemRaMII. ,IJ;JIH
pYRaBOB ROTJIOBaH TeJIemRa 06L1'1HO BLInOJIHfleTCfI B BII,IJ;e nJIaT OpMLI C ROJIeCaMB.
B HeROTopLlX CJIyqaflx (npll BYJIRaBIISaD;llll pyRaBOB B BO,IJ;e) Ba nJIaT opMY CTaBIITCH
BaHHa. Ha ROTJIOBLIe TeJIemRII paspa60TaB OCT 26-09-89-70. TeJIemRH sarpyma-
IOTCfI B ROTeJI II BLIrpymalOTcH HS Bero paSJIII'IHI>IMII cnoc06aMII. BOJILmOe pacnpo-
'CTpaBeBHe nOJIyqllJI nO,IJ;'LeMRLlii MOCTIIR C O,u;BOB mapBllpBoB onopoB. npll napaJI-
JIeJILBOB yCTaBoBRe BeCROJILRIIX ROTJIOB npllMeBeBlle TpaBepcBoB TeJIemRII co-
RpaID;aeT BpeMH nepesanpaBRII. OBa lIMeeT ,IJ;Ba nYTlI II nepeMeID;aeTCH B,u;OJIL pOHTa
ROTJIOB.
KOTeJI cHa6maeTCH CIICTeMaJOI nO,IJ;a'lllll OTBO,IJ;a TenJIOBOClITeJIfI II perYJIllpOBaBIDI
TeMnepaTYPLI. B nOCJIe,u;Hee BpeMJI nOJIyqllJIII pacnOCTpaBeBlle ROTJILI C aBTOMaTII-
aa:O;lIeii npo:o;ecca BYJIRaBIIsaD;llll.
He,u;OCTaTROM 60JILnnmCTBa IICnOJILsyeMLlx B BaCTOHlD;ee BpeMJI ROTJIOB HB-
JIfleTCfI BepaBBOMepBOCTL TeMDepaTypLl BYJIRaBIIsa:O;II0BBOB cpeALI no BLlCOTe II ,IJ;JIllBe.
B pfl,u;e CJIyqaeB 8TO Be nOSBOJIHeT npOBO,IJ;BTL BYJIRaBIIsa:o;mo B Be60JILmOM TeMne-
paTypBOM BBTepBaJIe II npnO,IJ;1IT R CBllmeBBIO Ra'leCTBa IIS,IJ;eJIBii. BLIpaBBIIBaBlle
TeMnepaTypLI no 06'LeM)' ROTJIa ;n;OCmraeTCH paSJlB'ClBLlMB cnoc06aMB. B O,u;HIIX
CJIyqaHx BBIISY II no 60ROBIJM CTOpOBaM BBYTpll ROTJIa YCTaBaBJIIIBalOTCH SMeeBIIJm
,u;JIH 060rpeBa, B ,IJ;pyrllx CJIyqaHx ocym;ecTBJIHIOT IIBTeBCIIBHoe nepeMemllBaBlle
BYJIRaBlISaD;llOBBOB cpeAR, a 1IB0r,IJ;a IICnOJILsylOT mRARIIii TenJIOBOCIITeJIL.
npll BYJIRaHIISaD;llll pyRaBoB Ba npeccax npllMeBJIIOTCH ,u;syxnJIIITBLIe npecc.
OPMLI C npO,IJ;OJILHLIMB meJI06'1aTLIMII RaBaBRaMB. PyRaBa npe,IJ;BapllTeJILBO no,IJ;-
,IJ;yBaIOTCfI BOS,u;yXOM. O;n;aOBpeMeBBO BYJIRaBIIsyeTcH BeCROJILRO pyRaBOB. BYJIRa-
BlISaD;IIJI ocym;ecTBJIfleTCH nOCJIe,IJ;OBaTeJILBO yqacTRaMII, paBHLIMII ,IJ;JIllDe npecc-
OpMLI. nOCJIe BYJIRaBIISaD;llll C pyRaBa cpe3alOTCfI aayceB:O;LI, 06paSYlOID;HeCfI no
JIIIBD paS'LeMa npecc- opMLI.
,IJ;JIllBBOMepHLIe 6eS,IJ;OpBOBLIe pYRaBa BYJIRaBIISYIOTCH B CBIIB:O;OBOB 060JIO'lRe.
HaJIOmeHlle 060JIO'lRII npOIlSBO,IJ;BTCfI Ba nJIyBmepBLIX IlJIII 'lepBIJ1UILIX npeccax.
nORpLIBaeM e CBIIB:O;OBOB 060JIO'lROii pyRaBa npllBlIMalOTCH Ba 6apa6aHLI B Be-
CROJILRO PflAOB II onpeCCOBLIBalOTCH BO,IJ;oii no,u; ,IJ;aBJIeHlleM 0,7 -0,8 Mna. Bapa6aBL1
nOMelD;alOTCH Ha TeJIemRY II sarpymalOTcH B ROTeJI. npll BYJIRaBIISaD;llll B cpe,IJ;e
OCTporo napa Bo,u;a BarpeBaeTCH H cnpeCCOBLIBaeT CJIOII. nOCJIe BYJIRaBlIsa:O;lIH CBIIB-
OBaH 060JIO'lRa cpesaeTCfI C pYRaBa II nepenJIaBJIHeTCH ,IJ;JIH nOBTopBoro IICnOJIL-
aOBaBIIH.
Be,IJ;YTcfI pa60TLI no saMeBe TORCII'IBOrO CBlIB:o;a ,IJ;pyrllM MaTepHaJIOM. Co06-
lD;aeTCfI 0611CnOJIL30BaBIIII B Ra'leCTBe 060JIO'leR nOJIHaMlI;n;Boii CMOJILI. PYRaBa BYJIRa-
HlISYIOTCH TaRme B YCTpoBcTBax, BLInOJIlleBBLIX B BRAe Tpy6L1 C BapymBLIM 060rpe-
BOM. PYRaB BBO,u;IITCH BBYTpL Tpy6L1. BBYTpeBBIIB ,IJ;lIaMeTp Tpy6LI paBeB Bapym-
BOM)' ,u;lIaMeTpy pyRaBa nOCJIe BymcaBHsa:O;lIlI. nplImame pyRaBa R Tpy6e OCYID;e-
CTBJIfleTCH BOS,u;YXOM IlJIII napOM, nO;n;aBaeMLlM BBYTPL pyRaBa, IlJIII peSIIBOTRaBeBOB
D;JIJIIIB,u;pll'leCROB ,IJ;lIa parMOB. nOCJIe BYJIRaHIISaD;llll ,IJ;aBJIeBlle BBYTPII pyRaBa
c6paCLIBaeTCH. BYJIRaBlIsa:o;nOBIILIB pyRaB BLITHrllBaeTCfI liS Tpy6LI, O,IJ;BOBpeMeBBO
B Hee BBO,IJ;IITCH BeBYJIRaBII30BaHHLIB pYRaB.
nplIMeHfleTCH BYJIRaBIISaD;llH pYRaBOB B BO,IJ;e. no 8TOMY cnoc06y c06paBHLIB
pYRaB npoMa3LIBaeTCH C TOP:O;OB ,IJ;JIfI npe,IJ;ynpem,IJ;eBIIH lITHJIllpOBaBIIH pyRaBa,
aanOJIBHeTCH BO,u;OB, saRpLlBaeTcH np06RaMII II nOMeID;aeTCH B BaBBY, ROTOplU1
sarpymaeTcfI B ROTeJI. BYJIRaBHsa:o;nH B BO,IJ;e nOSBOJIHeT IIs6emaTL npHMeBeBIIJI
.586
P;OpBOB B CBBB a. llpB aTOM nOBWmaeTCJI npOBSBOp;BTeJlLBOCTL BYJlRaBBSa OB-
Boro ROTJla, TaR RaR pyRaBa 6es P;OpBOB MomBO yRJlaJJ;HBaTL B BaBBy P;Pyr Ba p;pyra.
B nOCJleJJ;BBe ro;p.w Bce 60JlLmee npBMeBeBBe BaXOp;BT c60pRa pyRaBOB B OJJ;BOM
BenpepWBBOM nOTORe - npemp;e Bcero B npOBSBop;CTBe 6esp;opBOBWX BaBBBOquwx,
06MOTO'IJBWX B OnJleTO'IJBWX pYRaBOB B p;ame B npOBSBOp;CTBe BeROTOpwX pyRaB0B,
BSrOTaBJIBBaeMWX Ba p;opBax. OCBOBBWMB npeBMY eCTBaMB BenpepWBBOH C60PRB
JlBJlJlIOTCJI OTCyTCTBBe Memonepa OBBWX nepexop;OB B SBa'IJBTeJlLBOe CORp eBBe
npOBSBop;CTBeBBOH nJlO ap;B. B CBJlSB C aTBM BOSBURJla Be06xoABMOCTL pemeBBJI
np06J1eMW BenpepWBBOH ByJlRaBBsa B pyRaBOB. PemeBBe SToi np06J1eMW nOSBO-
JlBT npOBOp;BTL npo eccw BenpepWBBoro BSrOTOBJleBBJI pyRaBOB, BRJlIO'lJaIO e B BYJl
RaBBsa mo. HeROTopwe pYRaBa npB BCnOJlLSOBaBBB npB BX c60pRe 'lJepBJl'lJBWX
npeCCOB C BaRy-yMBpOBaBBeM peSBBOBoi CMeCB MomBO BYJlRaBBSOBaTL Ba 060-
PYP;oBaBBB, npBMeBJleMOM B npOBSBop;CTBe BenpepWBBWM cnoc060M BewopMoBWX
Bsp;eJlui (B nceBp;oomBmeBBOM CJloe, paCnJlaBe BBTpBT-BBTpaTBOi CMeCB cOJlei,
BWCORO'IJaCTOTBOM nOJle B p;p.). JlJI ByJlRaBBS8 p;pyrux pyR8BOB Be06xoABMo Be-
KOTopoe p;8BJleBBe. B STOM cJly'lJae BenpepWBB8J1 BYJlR8BBSa JI pyR8BOB MomeT
ocy ecTBJlJlTLCJI B napoBoi cpep;e no TBIly BYJlR8BBS8 R86eJlJl, B nceBp;ooiRBmeB-
BOM cJloe nop; p;aBJleBBeM B p;p.
17.8. 050PYAOBAHHE nOArOTOBHTEJlbHbtX
H 3AKJlto"lHTEJlbHbIX OnEPAi,4HA
H8 npo ecc C60PRB B Ra'IJeCTBO pyR8BOB 60JlLmOe BJlBJlBBe ORaSWB8eT CJ CTO-
JlBBe p;OpBOB. B nocJleJJ;Bee BpeMJI C BBep;peBBeM mup;RBx CMaSOR npB B8p;eB8BBB
RaMepw 'lJBCTR8 P;OpBOB Be npOBSBOP;BTCJI. JlJI npaBRB P;OpBOB BCnOJlLsyroTCJI
CTaBKB P;BYX TBnOB.
Pa60'IJBMB opraBaMB CTaBR8 nepBoro TBIl8 (BBp;eRc 3693/1) JlBJlJlIOTCJI CT8J1LBLIe
BaJlW, Ba nOBepXBOCTB ROTOpWX BWnOJlBeBLI R8B8BRB, nOSBOJlJlIO e npaBBTL P;OpBLI
BOCLMB 'paSJlB'lJBWX p;BaMeTpOB. l(anww 'lJeTWpeX BBmBBX BaJlOB yCT8BOBJleBLI
Ba P;BYX BBmBBX BenO;D:BBmBWX Tp8BepC8X, 8 anww BepXBBX BaJlOB - B8 P;BYX
CpeJJ;BBX nOp;BBmBWX TpaBepcax. llop;BBilCBwe TpaBepcw nepeMe aIOTCJI B sa-
np8BJlJlIO BX, 06paSOBaBBWX P;BYMJI napaMB CToeR, COeJJ;BBeBBLIX non8pBO CBBSY
BBmBBMB BenOp;BBilCBWMB TpaBepCaMB, 8 cBepxy - BepXBBMB BenO;D:BBmBLIMB TP8-
BepcaMB. OP;BB BS BBmBBX BaJlOB Bpa aeTCJI OT npBBop;8, a OCTaJlLBLIe TPB BBmBBX
BaJla nOJly'IJaIOT Bpa eBBe OT npBBop;Boro BaJl8 'lJepes napaSBTBWe meCTepBB. Bepx-
BBe B8J1W BenpBBop;Bwe, BO npB npaBRe P;OpBOB OBB nOJly'IJaIOT Bp eBBe OT
nocTyn8TeJlLBO p;BBmY XCJI p;OpBOB. l(anww BaJlOB Bpa aIOTCJI B 6POBSOBWX
BTYJlRaX, YCTaBOBJleBBLIX B BBmBei Benop;BBmBoi B nop;BBmBoi TpaBepcax. Pery-
JlBpOBaBBe sasopa Memp;y BaJlaMB ocy ecTBJlJleTCJI Bpy'IJBYIO npB nOMO 'lJep-
BJI'lJBO-BBBTOBoro MexaBBSM8.
llpB Bpa eBBB Cne B8J1LBOrO mTYPBaJla BepXBBe pOJlURB C nop;BBmBWMB
TpaBepcaMB nepeMe aIOTCJI. Bce YSJlW CTaBRa yCTaBOBJleBR Ba meCTRoi CTaBBBe
CBapBoi ROBCTPYR . llOp;a'IJ8 B OT60p P;OpBOB npB npaBRe Ba CTaBRe MorYT
BWnOJlBJlTLCJI BPy'IJBYIO BJIB npB nOMO nop;aIO ero 11 OT60pO'IJBOrO TpaBcnop-
TepOB. CROpOCTL npaBRB 0,2 M/c.
CnBoR BToporo TBna - BBp;eRC 573-6 (BsrOTOBBTeJlL - saBOp; «KysnoJlBMep-
Mam»)- npep;BaSBa'IJeB p;JlJI npaBRB P;OpBOB npB BX op;BOBpeMeBBOM nocTyn8TeJlLBoM
B Bpa aTeJlLBOM p;BBmeBBB. Ha CTaBBBe CTaBRa CMOBTBpOBaBW npBBop;Bwe B BamBM-
Bwe pOJlURB B npBBOp;. CTaBBBa JlBTaJl pas60pBaJl, COCTOB BS p;Byx CToeR, coep;u-
BeBBWX CTJlmRaMB. Ha saJJ;Bei cToiiRe CTaBBBW Ba pOJlBROBWX nOJJ;IIIBnBURaX CMOB-
mpOBaBW p;Ba npBBop;BWX pOJlURa, BMeIO BX WOPMY rBIIep60JlOBp;a. JlJI yp;06cTBa
MOBTam8 onopw nop;mBIIBBROB p;eJlaIOTCJI paS'I>eMBLIMB.
llPBBop;Bwe pOJlBRB Bpa aIOTCJI OT BBP;UBBP;Y8J1LBoro peBepCBBBoro SJleRTpO-
p;BBraTeJlJl 'lJepes RJlBBopeMeBBYIO nepep;a'IJY B p;Be sy6'IJaTwe napw. 9J1eRTpOp;BBraTeJlL
587
YCTaBOBJleB Ba nOABeCBOH nJlIJTe, mapBBpBO coeABBeBBOH co CTaBBBOH. Ha nepeABeB
CTOBRe CTaHBBbI YCTaBOBJleBLI nJlTI> BamIDlBLIX pOJIBROB, CBo6oABO Bpa
alO
BXCJI
B nownmmBRax. HamBMllLIe pOJlBKB MorYT OABOBpeMeBBO nOBOpa1lllBaTI>CJI Ba onpe-
AeJIeBBLIi yroJl OTBOCBTeJlI>BO npBBOABLIX pOJlBKOB, a TaKme YAaJlJlTI>CJI BJIB npB-
6J1HmaTI>CJI K BHM. STO Beo6xoABMo AJlJI BaCTpOBKB CTaBKa Ba npaBKY AOpBOB
pa3J1I1'IBOrO ABaMeTpa.
HacocBaJi CTaB
BJI, npeABa3BatJeBBaJi AJlJI OXJlamAeBBJI B CMaSKB pOJlIilKOB,
COCTOBT BS 6aKa B aJleKTpOBacoca nSC-tO B CMOBTBpOBaBa nOA CTaBBBOB CTaHKa.
CTaBOK cBa6maeTCJI CTeJlJlamaMB, tJBCJlO KOTOpLIX B saBBCBMOCTB OT AJIBBLI AOpBOB
-orOBapBBaeTCJI SaKaS1JJD(OM. CeK
JI CTeJlJlama npeACTaBJlJleT C060B YCTaBOBJlemnd:
Ba CTOBKax B 06peSBHeBBLIB BSBYTPB JlOTOK AJlJI AOpBOB.
HBme DpBBeAeBa TeXBJI1IeCKaJl xapaKTepBCTBRa CTaBKa:
BaMeTp AOpBOB, 11M . 9-65
CKOpOCTb DpOKII, II/C
BaR60nl1Wl ...
BaRMeBbmaa ...
TOK DRTaIO
eB: C8T1l . . .
1,275
0,565
Tpex(lasBYi
nepeMeBBYi
380
Haupg)l(eBUe, B .....
:1JIeKTpoABuraTeJIl> DpRBOAa
t'BD .......... A02-62
614
MO
OCTb. KBT . . . . . . . . . 4,8/5; 7 7,5
'IaCTOTa B
eBRB, 061101HH ..... 710/950 1430
fa6apRTBllle pasloIepli (6e3 cTenJIamel). I0IIoI
AJIRHa ........ . . 1590
IDHpRHa ...... 1365
BYCOTa . . . . . . . 1135
Macca (6e8 cTeJI.JJamel), T . . . 2,240
,I(JlJI 6BBToBaBBJI pyKaBoB BCDOJll>3yIOTCJI CTaBKII ABYX TBDOB: C Bpa
aro
CJI
B nocTynaTeJlI>Bo-ABB
CJI AOpBOM.
no nepBOMY TBllY BWlOJIBeB ABYXCTOPOBBBii CTaBOK HPO 8620 B OABOCTOPOB-
BBB CTaBOK HPO 8644. KOBCTpyKTBBBO ORB nOAo6BLI saKaTotJBOB MamBBe. TexBB-
tJeCKBe XapaKTepBCTBRB amx CTaBKOB npeACTaBJleBLI BBme:
.JiIPO 8620
Pa3Mepy PYKoa, I0IIoI
BBYTpeBBBi All8.lleTP . . . . . . . . .
AJIRHa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Han60umBi
RaMeTp KaTymKR C 6BBTOII, 11M
mnpHBa 6mrra, I0IIoI ...........
Y,QeJILBaa BarpyaKa Ra BepXBBii DplDlUDOloR
Ball, KH/M ............
TO!_ DnTaIOlD;eB: C8T1l . . . . . . . . .
HanpJl)KeBRe, B ...........
MOID;HOCTb 8JIeKTpoABBI'aTe.JJeR, KBT . .
ra6apUTHye pasMepll, 101M
AJIBIIa.......
IIDIpBBa . .
BIiCOTa .......
Macca. '1' ..........
. 4-65
4500
240
60; tOO
1,7
Tpex(la3BYi
220'380
6300
1820
1320
4,150
BPO 86U
10-85
10 000
220
40; 60; 100
1,8
DepeMeBBYi
220/380
11
14000
1240
1400
5,265
CTaBOK AJlJI 6BBToBaBBJI C Bpa
alO
BMBCJI KaTymKaMB KOBCTpyKTBBBO BLInOJl-
BJleTCJI aBaJIOrll'IBO 06MOTOllBOB MamBBe C BLIBeCeBBLIMB KaTymKaMB'.
CTaBKB AJlJI paS6BBTOBLIBaBBJI BLIDOJlBJlIOTCJI TaKme ABYX TBDOB: C Bpa
a-
IO
CJI B nocTynaTeJlI>BO-ABB
BMCJI AOpBOM. TexB1I1JecKBe XapaKTepBCTBKB
Tpex CTaBKOB, BWlOJIBeBBlU no nepBoMY TBDY, npBBeAeBLI RBme:
5138-1 BJI-0201 UPO 8660
2-75 9-75 4-65
2600 21 000 4500
PalM8p pyKoa, 101M
Bapyaan.tii ABaMeTp
na.......
i88
.)J;&aMeTp pOJlHKa (pa60'lero B XOllOCTOrO), MM
,lJ.llBBa BaBBIII, MM . . . . . . . . . . . . .
qacTOTa Bpauq8BBJ1 pa60'lero pOJIllKa, 06/&fHH
.311eKTpO
RraTeJlJ, DpBBoAa
MOIIUIOCTl>, KBT .....
'IaCTOTa Bp
eBHJI, 06/MJlH
l'a6apHTBYe pa8Mepy, MM
AJIBBa . 3220 22065 5280
DlBpBBa .. . . . . . . . . 1200 1 316 1060
BYCOTa ......... 1500 1470 1150
Macca, T .......... 1,072 5,592 1,010
CTaBOR AJlJI paS6JilHTOBhlBaBBJI C Bp
alO
BMIICJI RaTymRaMB no ROBCTpyR
'l'aRme nOAo6eB 06MOT01lBOH ManmBe C BhlBeceum.um icaTymRaMB. OB AOnOJIBBTeJlLBO
mfeeT BaBBY AJlJI CMa'IJBBaBJIJI pyRaBa. KaTywRB CTaBRa !lMeIOT npBByABTeJILBIaIi
npBBoA AJlJI CBJlTBJI 6BBTa C pyRaBa 11 c60pa ero.
nepeMOTRa 6BBTa Ba RaTYJIIRY npoBsBoABTCJI Ra CTaBRi AJlJI nepeMoTRII
HPO 8530. OR BMeeT RanpaBJlJlIO
e, OT)I(BMJIJ,Ie B IDBpmeJlLRLIe BaJILI, BaBHy
I[ npBBOA. )J;JIJI OCTaBOBRII Bp
aJO
HCJI RaTyIIIRII C 6JD1TOM BMelOTCJI WPBRl\BOB-
BaJi MY+'ra C ROmBYM ynpaBJleHBeM 11 TOpM08.
Hllme npBBeAeRa TeXJI1I1IeCRaJI xapaRTepllCTBRa CTaBRal
mllpHHa 61JBTa, MM ....... 60-100
Hau60JIbmd
eTp KaTYDlIOt, &ua 360
EMKOCTb B8.IIBY, 11 . . . . . . . 20
qacTOTa Bp
eBBB, 061101BB .. 94,4
CKOPOCTl> uepeMOTKB 6BBTa, M/c . 0.91-2,65
TOR DBT8IOJqel C8TII ...... . Tpex(lasBblii
nepeMeBBYi
220/380
0,6
1410
130
3000
232
130
21 650
240
105
5000
160-640
1
930
1,7
930
1,0
930
HaopJDReBBe, B . . . . . . .
aJIeKTpo
JII'aTeJIb DpBBO
a
lIom;aOCTb, KBT . . . . . .
UCT0T8. Bp
eBBB, 06/JIJIB
fa6apHTBY8 pasMepy, MM
a ..
DIBpBIIA
BYCOTa
Macca, Kr .
'.
870
820
940
160
JlHTEPATYPA
AHlJparaHun08 B. H. ABToMaTDSaD;RJI Upo-
D;eCCOB DpRrOTOBlleBBa pe3RBOBYX CMe-
ceR. M., «XBMRJlt, 1969. 224 c.
A HfJparaHuno8 B. H. MexaBDSaD;BJI B aBTO-
MaTDSaD;Ba B DpOR3BOACTBaX DIll! H pe-
8RBOBYX TeXBB'leCKBX R3AellRJI. M.,
«XmmJlt, 1972. 511 c.
A HfJparaHu,,08 B. H. ABTOMaTDsaD;BJI Dpo-
u;eCCOB DpRrOTOIlJIeBBa cMeceo BS TBep-
X B )KBAKBx KOMDOBeBTOB. H3
. 2-e.
M.,
HHTHAM, 1963. 488 c.
AltfJpe4llY" B. ,l(., IIOAIIJ8SHIIJ(J. A. II.,
PS6UHUH ,l(. ,l(., «RayqyK D pe3BBa.
1966, J"j! 7, c. 54-55; 1968, J"j! 6,
c. 36-37.
BafJeN,,06 II. 4>., «KayqyK H pesRBat, 1969,
J"j! 4, c. 1-4.
BafJeH,,08 II. 4>., JKeAt.H08 B. A., mBXO
RM.,lJ.. H. MeB,!{eJIeeBa, 1968,J"j!1, c.13-23.
.J BafJeHno8 II. 4>., K,nepraa J1. M. R
p.
B KB.: COCTOBBRe R DepCDeKTBBY pas-
BRTDJI Dpou;eccoB BYJIKaBB3aD;BB IDIIB.
M.,
HIIHTaB
XRM, 1973, c. 37-46.
Bapc1Co8 ,l(. M. 060Py,!{oBaBDe .u;JIJI 06pa-
60TJ0t pe3RBOBYX cMeceR B DJIaCTD-
'IeCKBX loIacc, BYDYCKaeMoe 3aBOAaMB
qCCP. JI.
BTH, 1959. 77 c.
Bapcno8 H. M. 060PYAoBaBDe 3aBO
OB
pe8BBoBoO DpOMblDIJIeBBoCTB. M., foc-
XRMB3
aT, 1949. 343 c.
,BexuH H. r., DIaHuH H. II. 060pY,!{OBaBD9
3aBO,!{OB
jle3BBoBoii DpOMLIDIlleBBOCTD.
M.-JI.;. eXBMRat, 1969. 374 c.
Be.AOl1ep08 H. B. TexaonorRJI pe3BBI>I.
H8,!{. 2-e. M., tXmmJlt, 1967. 659 c.
BufJepMaH B. J1. B
p. ABTOM06RJIltBYe
JDDBH, M., rocxmm3AaT, 1963, c. 40-
42.
BpasuH B. B., Kpaslfo8 B. r., «RayqyK R
pesRBat, 1965, J"j! 1, e. 50-52.
I BO.AH
:J:UH B. H., BafJelt1C08 II. 4>. B KH.:
., IIpOB3BOACTBO JDDB. M.,
HHHTS-
H8(lTeXBH, 1974. c. 58-61.
Boempo1CHymo8 E. r., H08U1C08 M. H.
CoBpeMeBBoe DpeACTaBJIeBBe 0 Mexa-
BB8Me CMemeBBJI KaY'IyKoB C RBrpe-
.u;ueBTaMB pe3RBOBYX cMeceR. 06sop.
cep. «IIpOR3BO.u;CTBO JDDB, PTH B ATII».
M.,
HHHTaue(lTeXBM, 1971. 75 c.
Bocmpo1CHymo6 E. r. B AP., «RayqyK R pe-
aBHat, 1971, J"j! 1, c. 13-17.
BOUIR.HUH H. C. RAP., «RayqyK R pe3RBa»,
1965, J"j! 10, c. 15-17.
590
ra6pUA06 B. r. B AP., mRBBaa DpOMYDUIeB.
BOOTh. aKCDpeCC-RB(lopMaD;BJI. BYD. 3.
. 1'. M.,
HHHTOue(lTeXBM. 1974, c. 8-21.
a!.a.u,nepuH H. H., 8MU4 M. H. I'R
aBJIR-
'IeclOte DpeCCY B XBMB'IeCKOi Dpo-
MHumeBBOCTR. M., MaIIJrR8, 1949. 191 c
r.Ae6U1C H. M. HAp., «RaY'IYR R pe3RBa»
1972. J"j! 9, c. 31-35.
rO.Ay6ee B. A., Epra08 B. A. TmIoByeKOB-
cTpyKD,BB MexaBn31010B B XBIOI'IeCBOM
UaJDDBOCTpoeBBB. M.-JI., «MaJDDBo-
cTpoeBBet, 1966. 161 c.
rOp608elf M. H. B AP., «KaY'fYK B peBBBa.,
1965, J"j! 1, c.47-5O.
rOpe.AU1C B. M., TUZaH08f&1l J1. B., «KaY'fYK
R pe311Ba», 1959, J"j! 12, c. 49.
rYmMaH J1. H., «Ray'IyK R pe8BBat, 1
6,
oN!! 3, c. 9-11.
}/(e.AmllJrae8 /0. r. B .u;p. COCTOBBRe B
Dym cOBepmeBCTBOBaBDa 060PYAOBlUlBJI
D TeXBOJIOnma3rOTOBJleBBJI BaDOpBYX B
BcaCYBalOlD;BX PYKaBoB. M.,
HHHTa-
Be(lTeXBM, 1971. 49 c.
JKypaue8 B. 4>. R AP. «Tpy
HHHmHH-
MAma». BYD. 1. HpOCJIaBJlL, 1969,
c. 5-12.
}/(ypaue8 B. (J., IIltpos08 A. M., «KaY'IYR
H peaRBat, 1967, J"j! 5, c. 49-51.
8UAb8ecmp H. H., CUHlf08 A. A. MamBBM
pe8BBOBoro DpOB3BO,!{CTBa. M.-JI.,
. rOCXBMB3AaT, 1946. 408 c.
. 8MU4 II. H., Bapcn08 H. M. MamDmI R au-
DapaTY pe3BBoBoii DpOMYDUIeBBOCTB.
M.-JI., 1'ooxBMR3AaT, 1951. 600 C.
H8aH08 H. A., «Ray'IyK B pe3RBa» , 1965,
J"j! 5, c. 44-45.
KaHmop H. C., «Kay'IyK H pe3RBat, 1969,
J"j! 10, c. 14.
KapMaNu'+1Cu4 /0. H. CTUOK ,!{JIJI c60plOt
DOKpHIIIeK DBeBloIaTF.IeCKRX JDDB. C6.
«IIpOB3BOACTBO JDDB, PTH R ATH>I.
M.,
HHHTaRetreXBM, 1971, J"j! 7,
c. 16, 18, 19.
Kenepraa J1. M., «Rar-rYK B pe3RBa», 1965,
.N! 2, c. 26-28.
Kenepraa J1. M., «RayqyK B pe3nat, 1965,
J"j! 8, c. 29-33.
Kenepraa J1. M., Cepue8a B. A., «RayqyK
R pe8RBat, 1964, J"j! 4, c.32-37.
Kenepraa 'J1. M. HAp. «Rar-rYK . pe3RBa»,
1966, J"j! 10, c. 38.
KO.A01C0.A08 r. J1., «Rar-rYK H pe3BBat, 1969,
.N! 10, c. 1-3.
KoHfJpa,,08 B Ap., «RayqyK B peaRBat, 1972,
JII! 3, c. 50-51.
K oponaAblfe8 H. B. JIBTbe peaRRoBLIx CMe-
cei DO,l{ AaBJleBReM. M.-JI., rOCXBM-
RaAaT, 1946, 31 c.
KOpOnaAblfe8 H. B., KapM8uIl 10. B. ITpo-
RaBOACTBO peaRBOBYX Ra,l{ellBi MeTO-
AOM JIBTbJl DOA AaBJIeBReM. M.-JI.,
rOCXBMRa
aT, 1959. 169 c.
KoraeM8
.
., KOPKe8 A. E., KAUM08 H. C.
06
aJl TeXBOllOI'RJI peBBBY. M., «XB-
MRJlt, 1968. 568 c.
Kpaca8ult C. A., BUKesUH B. A. CDoc06L1
DRTaBRJI c60po'IBYx CTaHKOB DPOTeK-
T0I?BIIIMR aarOTOBKaMR. M., I:(HHHT8-
Be4ITeXIIM, 1969. 32 c.
/t'pacUAbItU"08 H. A., Pealtu,+"a1l M. B.
060pYAoBuse peaRBoBoi DpOMblDIJIeB-
BOCTR aa py6emoM. Cep. vn. M.,
D;HHTHAM, 1962, c.81-91, 154.
HyabMult 10. C., ,l(eMufJ08 r. H., «RaY'IYR
B peaRBat, 1965, JII! 9, c. 52-54.
KypsaN08 H. B. B Ap. ABTOMamaaQlla Ka-
6eJIbBorO B peaBBOTeXBU'IeCKOrO Ma-
DlBBocTpoeBRa. M., «MaDIBBocTpoe-
BRet, 1
65. 372 c.
JI amllJraJe"N B. n. R AP. R BODPOCY 0 COCTOJI-
DB DpORaBOACTBa DpOTeKTOpa AJIJI aBTO-
M06RJIbBLIX DIBB. 06aop. cap. «ITpoBa-
BOACTBO DDlH, PTH R ATH" , M.,
D;HHHT8Be«trexuM, 1966. 40 c.
J1 enem08 B. A. PeaBBOBye TeXBR'IeCKBe
ua.u;enua. Ha,l{. 2-e. M.-JI., «Xmmm,
1965. 472 c.
JIeUluHC"u4 M. H., «RayqYK R peaRBat,
1972, .)Ii 5, c. 23-25. .
l!1y"all 10. E., PJ&6UNUH,l(. M. RAP' B&JlBO-
." Bye MIUIIBIIY AJla Depepa60TKR DJlaCT-
Macc R peaRBOBYX CMecei. M., «MaDIBBO-
cTpoeBBet, 1967. 290 C.
J1yJeOMC"aJI A. H., BafJelt"08 B. 4>., Ke-
ot.. nepraa J1. M. TeDJlOBLIe OCHOBY BYJIKa-
BRaaI(JID pe3RBOBYX TeXHB'IeCKRX Ba
e-
llRB. M., «XBMRJlt, 1972. 359 c.
J1 y"OMC"aJI' A. H. TeXBOJIOI'RJI BYllK8JlBaa-
D;BB mllB B peaRBOBLIX TeXBH'IeCRHX
BaAellBR. M., «BycmaJi JDKOllat, 1971.
264 C.
J1y"OMC"aJI A. H. B Ap. TeDllOBble OCBOBY
BYllK8JlBaaI(JID peallBOBYX Ra
ellRi. M.,
«XHM:BJI», 1972. 359 c.
J1106araeBC"u(J. H.
., Mapsy,l/,ue J1. r., Hu-
CeA08C"U(J. B. a. TexaollorBa muBBoro
DpoBaBoAcTBa. M.-JI., rocxmmaAaT,
1951. 485 c.
Mati.aMb M. M. RAP, MaDIBBY B aDDapaTY
DpOB3BO
CTBa BCKYCCTBeBBoi KO)KB.
M.-JI., fHaneropoM, 1949. 619 c.
Male-KeMU ,l(. M. nepepat>oTRa DOJIBMe-
pOB. ITep. C urll. M., «XBMRJlt, 1965.
9.40 C.
MaAelt"o K. C., Y,I/,ac'It"o B. 4>., «Ray'IyK
R peaBBat, 1965, JII! 2, c. 31-35.
MaMOIt J1. H. RAP., «RayqYK B peBBBat,
1966, oN! 2, c. 34-37.
Mapraall B. H. R AP. ABTOMam1J8CKOe DpO-
rpaMMDpyeMoe yopaBJIeBRe DOTO.uo-
aBTOMam'leCKIDIR nRBIIBMR HarOTOBJIe-
BRJlpeallBOBYX CMecait (CA,lO. M.,
I:(HHHT8Be(lTeXBM, 1972. 40 c.
MeraeHItU"08 B. H. RAP, HCc.JleAOBUlJe Me-
TOAOB BYJIRaBRaal.\BB PYKaBOB B 060-
JIO'lK&X. C6. «ITpoRaBo,l{CTBo DIBB, PTH
B ATHt, M., I:(HHHT8Be(lTeXRM, 1969,
oN! 9, c.15-17.
MOltacmwpc"u(J. ,l(. Dl., PyfJa"oe H. M.
COCTOJIBBe B DYTR cOBepmeB'CTBOBaBBJI
060PYAOB8JlBJI AJUI OOOpKH peSRBOBYX
KOBBeRepllblx JIeBT, 060Py.u;oBulJe AJIJI
Depepa60TKB DJIaCTMaCC R peaBlnl. Cep.
XM-2. M., I:(HHTHXHMHE0TEMAID,
1974. 30 C.
MYCA4t8 H. M. R
p. ITym COBepmeBCTBO-
BaauJi DpoD;eccoB OOOplOt JIerKOBYX R
rpyaOBYX DIBB. 06aop. cap. «ITpoBa-
BO
CTBO DIBB, PTH B ATHt. M.,
I:(HHHT8Be(lTeXBM, 1971, oN! 5, c. 7-8.
MYZUN B. H. «RaY'IYR B pesmat, 1964,
oN! 2, c. 53-54.
H08a" B., DlTMCma a., «RayqyK R peBBBat,
1973, JII! 12, c. 19-22.
H 08a" B. «qexOCJIOBaD;KaJl TJI)I(eJIaa DpO-
MblDlJIeBBOCTltt, 1973, JII! 10, 8. 38-40.
H08U"08 M. M. RAP" «RaY'fYK R peaRBat,
1973, JII! 9, c. 14--16.
060PYAoBuHe .u;llR Depepa60TKH peallBY.
RaTallOr-CDpaBo'IBRK. t1. 1-5. M.,
I:(HHTHXHMHE0TEMAm, 1966-
1971.
ITepepa60TKa TepMODllaCm'IBYX MaTepBaJIOB.
ITo
pe,l{. 8. BepBxapATa. ITep. c urJI.
IToA pe,l{. r. B. BllBorpaAoBa. M.,
«XRMRJlt, 1965. 748 C.
BUKesUH B. A., XBM. BaYKa R DpOM., 1959,
T. IV, JII! 1, c. tOO-HO.
BUHeault B. A. R
p. «RaY'IYR R peamat,
1969, oN! 2, c. 22-26.
HUNeault B. A. RAP" «RayqyK R peaBBat,
1970, oN! 12, c. 23-24. ITBeBMam'le-
CKBe IIIHBbI. ITo.u; pe
. IT. 0. BaAeR-
KoBa, B. 0. EBcTpaToBa, IT. H. 3axap-
'IeBKO. M., «XBMRR>I, 1969. 392 C.
HO,l/,1I"08 H. B. R
p. MaIlIHBbl
JIa 06MOTRB
PYKaBoB JIeBTaMR. C6. «ITpoBaBo.u;CTBO
muB, PTH R ATlb. M., D;HHHT8-
Re(lTexIlM, 1970, oN! 1, C. 12-13.
Bon08 A. B. R .zw. IToTO'IBaR llllBBJI Raro-
TOBJleHIlJl DpocpBllLIIbIX pe3BBOBYX HaAe-
JIRB C BaKYYMRpoBaBHeM B BYJIKaBRaa-
D;Hei B DC8B.u;oomBmeHBOM Moe. C6.
«npoBaBoAcTBO muB, PTH R ATH».
M., D;HHHT8Be(lTeXRM, 1971, JII! 6,
c.8-10.
BOM8 H. H. RAP" «RayqYK R peaRRa»,
1966, JII! 10, c. 51-54.
Bopm B. C. RAP" «Tpy.u;y HHHmHH-
MAmat. BYD. I, HpOCJIaBJIL, 1969,
c. 36-39.
Bopm B. C. B Ap., «ITpOBSBO
CTBO IDUB,
PTH B ATHt, 1973, oN! 1, c. 14-15.
Bomypae8 B. H., Qep80Helt"0 A. r., «Ray-
qyK R peallBv, 1965, JII! 4, c. 27-31.
BpulYOHC"" H. B., CufJ0P08 H. H., Po.e-
Hoep H. K., «Ray'lYK B pe8RBat, 1968,
591
J"ft 6, c. 27-29; 1967, J"ft 6, c. 14-16.
BpulUoHc"as H. B., Ocmpo8C"as H. M.,
«RayqYK R peaRBat, 1965, .N! 4, c. 5-8.
BpuJeAOltc"as H. B., C"all1t08 A. C. CKOpOCT-
Bble MeTO,tUI npuroToBlleBBa
pe3RBOBYX
cMeceo. M., rOCXBMRa
aT, 1963. 419 c.
ByMnJlNCltu4 H. M., H8aH08 H. A. HOBoe
060pYAoBane AJIa DpOMLIDIlleBBo.cTR pe-
3RBOBYX TeXSU'leCRllX Ba.a;eJIUB. M.,
rOCXBMRaAaT, 1963, 61 c.
P a811.AUH B. B. Texsollorus DD!BBoro DpoBa-
BOACTBa. HaA. 2-e. M., «BycmaJi mKOJIat,
1971. 219 c.
Pe3BBOCMeCHTellu U KallaB.a;pOBye JIBBUU
aapy6e)I(BYx lfiRpM. Cap. XIV. «MaDIRBo-
cTpoeBBe aa py6e)l(oM». M.,
BTH,
1961. 40 c.
Pe8Null1tas M. B. HOBoe ooopy.a;oBaHBe
peaRBOBOO DpOMLlDlJIeBBOCTR, BaMe'la-
eMoe K uarOTOBlleBBIO B 1970-1972 rr.
M.,
HHHT:3Be(lTeXBM, 1970. 20 c.
PyfJa1f08 H. M. HOBoe 060Py
oBane
JI
UarOTOBJIeBBa TpUcDopTepBYX JIeBT.
:3KcDpece-RB(lopMau;aa. Cap. XM-2. M.,
HHHT:3B
XBM, 1972, oN! 4. 25 C.
PS6UNUH ,l(. ,l(., A HfJpe4"YJe B. ,l(., «RaY'IYR
R peaRBat, 1964, J"ft 1, c. 17-21.
PS6UNUH ,l(. ,l(., J1y"all TO. E. tJepBJl'lBye
MaDIBBJ.I .a;llJl Depepa60TJQt DllaCTMace
U pe8RBOBYX cMeceo. M., «MaIlDlBo-
cTpoeBRe_, 1965. 357 'c.
CtMmllJ1f08 A. B. OcaOBY cOBpeMeBBoii TeX-
BOJIOnm aBTOM06RJIbBYX DIRB' HaA. 3-e.
M., «XmmJlt, .1974. 472 c.
Cep.ee8a B. A., ,l(poSfJ06TO. B. B KB.: WRB-
HaR DpOMLl1DJJeBBOCTb aa Py6e)l(OM. Cap.
«06aopJ.I aap..y6e)I(Boii JIBTepaTYPbI».
BYD. V. M.,
HHHTaBe(lTexuM, 1971,
c. 27-52.
CuiJ0P08 H. H. «RayqyK R pe8BHa_, 1969,
J"ft 11, c. 26-28.
l!u.lJ0P08 H. H. RAP., «RaY'fYK R pe3RBat,
1968, J"ft 4, c. 44-46.
CUfJOpo6 H. H., qepNIIJla06 B. K., «RayqYK
II peelDla-, 1971, J"ft 1, 13-17.
C"all,,08 A. C. ROBTpOJIb R perYJIUpOBaBDe
B IIIBBHOM DpouaBoACTBe. M., rOCXBM-
USAaT, 1951. 170 c.
e1f41l1f08 A. C., J1e8uN C. TO. 060PYAoBane
upeAlIpuRTRRpe8BBOBOH DpOMLlDlJIea-
BOCTB. M., «BycmaR mKOJIa», 1968.
347 C.
Clt0PS8UH a. A., Kpac08C"u4 B. H. 060pYAO-
Bane aaBoAoB peaBBoBoR DpOMLIDIllea-
HOCTB. MBBCK, «BblmeiimaJi IIIROllat,
1971. 295 c.
e"YIlU.AUH, /0. A., KyfJuH08 H. E., «RaY'lYK
R peaUHat, 1966, J"ft 7, c. 52-53.
(liMo8beea 3. M., «RayqYK U pe8l1Jla», 1963,
.N! 2, c. 15-17.
CmllJc"ult J1. H., Bpa(J.ItUNa P. E., II(emltull-
"as T. a., «RayqYK U peaBBat, 1972,
.N! 6, c. 1-4.
Y8Ublf08 B. B., «RaY'lYK U peaRBa_, 1973,
oN! 8, c. 33-37.
YsuHa P. B. TeXSOllorna 06pa60TKR Kop.a;a
. Ra XIIMJI1IeCKHX BOllOKOB B peauHoBoR
592
DpOMblmneBHOCTB. M., «XBMBSt, 1973.
207 c.
Y8UHa P. B. WUBBbli KOp,a;, COCTOJIBUe B
. ocaoBBye IIYTU cOBepmeHCTBOBana TeX-
BOJIOrnU ero 06pa60TRR. M.,
HHHT:3-
Be(lTexuM, 1970. 40 c.
(PafJee8 A. K. WnpuD;eBuHe pe8BBoBblx aaro-
TOBOK. M., rOCXBMBa.a;aT, 1960. 107 c.
(PAomC1fu(J. B. a., rUUN TO. H., «Ray'lyK.
R pe3RBa_, 1966, J"ft 1, c. 45-48.
1(618aIl0" H. B. BYJIKaBUSaD;uoBBoe 060py-
AOBane aaBOAOB peauBoBoR DpOMWII-
JIeBBOCTB. M., «MaDIRBOCTpoeBue»,
1967. 324 C.
qUID" A. B., CO"0.A08C1tas (P. M., Bo-
SUN A. A. npoRaBOACTBo npBBOABUX
peMBeo, TpaHclIopTepBlllx lleBT U pyKa-
BOB. M., rocXJuma.a;aT, 1954. 244 c.
QepH061>J.AbC1fU(J. H. H. U AP. MallJBBJ,I B aD--
lIapaTlil XUMU'leCKOii DpOMLlDlJI9BBOCTD.
MocKBa - RueB, MamRa, 1962.
450 c.
Qucms,,08 B. ,l(., «RayqYK R pe3RBat, 1971,.
J"ft 6, c. 32-35.
Dl8ap,+ A. H., «RayqYK U peaBBa_, 1972,
.Nt 8, c.17-19.
Dl8ap,+ A. H., KaH8ap08 /0. C. COCTOJIBB&
R DepCUeKTRBY paaBRTRJI R DpouaBoA-
CTBa peaBBoBLlx Ra.a;eJIBii llBTbeBr.IM Me-.
TOAOM. M.,
HHHT:3Be«JjTeXBM, 1968.
96 c.
'. Dle/tlfe.Ab r. WBeKOBye npeccbJ AllJl DJIaCT-
Mace. M., rOCxBMnaAaT, 1962. 466 c.
Dluzape8 H. H., Be6puc K. If.. H08U-
"08 M. n., «Ray'lyK B peaRBa», 1968,
J"ft 3, c. 6-9.
Dluzape8 H. H. RAP., «Ray'IyK R peaRBat,.
1968, J"ft 5, c.7-8.
Dluzape8 H. H. RAP" «KaY'IYK H pesRBat,.
1971, J"ft 11, c.4-7.
DlNlZMaH R
p., npoUaBO
CTBO PYKaB-
BYX RaAeJIRo. M.,
HHHTaBet.TeXIW,
1970. 97 c.
Dlmep6allelf 3., Tayc" B. nepeMellIBBane
B XUMH'leCKOii DpOMblDIJIeBBocTR. M.-
JI., rOCXBMBsAaT, 1963. 416 c.
a1fou,e8 A. 1(. TeXSOJIOrBJI R3rOTOBJIeBUJI
Rs.a;emIii Ra DllacTMace, M.-JI., «Xu-
MBJI), 1972. 342 c.
Allison K. W., Rubb. World, 1966, v. 154.
J"ft 1, p. 95-98.
Ander, D., cKautschuk u. Gummi Kun-
ststoffe», 1972, J"ft 112, S. 33-36.
Anders D., Rubb. World, 1972, v. 166.
J"ft 1, p. 31-38.
Baumgarten G. a. e. Maschinen und apJ?a-
rate in der Gummiindustrie. Leipzlg,
VEB, Deutscher Verlag fur Grund-
stoUindustrie, 1970. 191 S.
Baumgarten W., «Kautschuk u. Gummi
Kunststoffet, 1965, Bd. 18, .N! to,
S. 670..,..674.
Bourne I. R., «New Scientist», 1967, v. 33
p. 334-336.
Busch F. Streichnen und Tauchen. Bd.
IV. Leipzig, Fachbuchverlag, 1955.
63 S.
...come, D. A., Rubb. Age, 1955, v. 78,
.)Ii 5, p. 395.
.-Come, R
W., Rubb. World, 1957, v. 135,
J"ft 4, p. 565-570.
DaveJ/
A. S., Rubb. Age, 1968, v. 100,
J'i 4, p. 49-54.
Doak N., Rubb. I., 1969, v. 1St, J"ft 10,
p. 27-32.
Doak N., Rubb. I., 1974, v. 156, J"ft 10,
p. 48-58.
Evan, C. W., Rubb. Age, 1971, v. to3,
J"ft 5, p. 53-57.
Evans C. W., Rubb. Age, 1973, v. 105,
J"ft 9, p. 33-36.
Evan, C. W. Hose Technology. England,
Applied Science Publichers, 1974. 169 p.
Evan, W. B., Rubb. Age, 1968, v. 100,
J"ft 2, p. 75-77.
Gatto I. D., Rubb. World, 1965, v. 152,
J"ft 3, p. 77-79.
Gatto I.. D.. Rubb. World, 1965, v. 153,
.)Ii 1, p, 82-85.
Gilbreath R., Floeck I. H., Rubb. Age,
1974, v. 106, J"ft 2, p.41-47.
Gorator, Europen. Rubb. 1., 1974, v. 156,
J"ft 6, p. 110.
<GorUsch H. I., Rubb. World, 1970, v. 162,
.)Ii 2, p. 59-63.
6raham I., Rubb. Age, 1974, v. 106, J"ft 6,
p. 33-39.
Hollister W. I., Rubb. World, 1972, v. 166,
J"ft 4, p. 31-36.
,[,akslOn G. E'l Rubb. Age, 1972, v. 104,
If 6, p. 38-42.
Kennedy D. P., Rubb. Age; 1974, J"ft 7,
p. 41-47.
Koch H.!. Rubb. Age. 1971, v. 103, J"ft 12,
p. 33-36. .
Koch H.! Rubb. Age, 1974, v. 106, J"ft 5,
p. h2-H7.
Koch H.. cKautschuk u. Gummi Kunst-
stoffet, 1973, .)Ii 12, S. 33-36.
KudZu 1. E., Rubb. World, 1974, v.170,
.)Ii 5. p. 55-56.
Lehnen 1.. P. Maschinenanlagen und Ver-
fahrentec1mik der Gummiindustrie.
Stuttgart, Berlinerunion, 1968. 280 S.
LIt.ier C. A., cModeme TextU Magazinet,
1968. v. 49, .)Ii 9, p. 17-22.
LIt.Zu C. A., Rubb. Age, 1973, v. 105,
.)Ii 2, p. 37-44.
Martin R., Rubb. I., 1973, v. 155, J"ft 2,
p. 25-36, 53.
Mullt'8n B., Rubb. World, 1967, v. 156,
JIi 4. p. 77-83.
Murtland W.O., Rubb. World, 1970,
v. 162, oM 3, p. 53-59.
Mycock B. L., Rubb. I., 1973, v.155,
J"ft 4, p. 32, 33-49.
Palmgren N., Rubb. J.. 1974, v. 156,
388111C88183
.N! 6, p. 70-83.
Palmgren N., Rubb. J., 1974, v. 156,
.N! 5, p. 30-44.
Perlberg S. E., Rubb. World, 1967, v. 156,
.N! 3, p. 71-76; 1967, v. 155, J"ft 8,
p. 40-46.
Perlberg E., Rubb. Age, 1972, v. 104,
J"ft 4, p. 43-48.
Pratt R. R., Rubb. Age, 1966, v. 98, J"ft 10,
p. 75-78.
Quirk W. B., Rubb. Age, 1967, v.99,
J"ft 10, p. 84-89.
Rosato D. V., Rubb. World, 1972, v. 166,
.N! 6, p. 45-61; 1972, v. 166, J"ft 4,
p.64.
Rubb. World, 1974, v. 170, J"ft 4, 8 . 90.
Rubb. World. 1966, v. 153, J"ft 4, p. 3 -3t.
Rubb. J., 1974, v. 156, .)Ii 5, p. 28-29.
Rubb. J., 1974, v. 156, J"ft 1, p. 32.
Rubb. J., 1973, v. 155, J"ft 5, p. 20-26,
62-78.
Schaenbeck M. A., Rubb. Age, 1969, v. 101,
J"ft 5, p. 57-61.
Steinhilber L., Rubb. World, 1969, v. 160,
J"ft 1, p. 62-63.
Sur vev , Rubb. World, 1974, v. 170,
.N! 4, p. 57-60.
Takeyama T., Mat.ui 1., Rubb. Chem.
a. Technol., 1969, v. 42, J"ft 1, p. 6-68.
Treida G. T., Rubb. Age, 1969, v. 10t,
J"ft 8, p. 52-56.
Weir T., RUbb. World, 1973, v. 169, .)Ii 2,
p. 52.
Werner I., Rubb. Age, 1971, v. 103, J"ft 7,
p. 29-39.
Westphal H. Handbuch der fordergurte.
Leipzig, 1962. 450 S.
Wheelance M. Injection Molding of Rubber.
England. Batterworth, 1974. 241 p.
Whltchall B. Mechan. Handling, 1972,
J"ft 12, p. 38-39.
Willshaw H. Calenders Rubber Processing.
London, Lakemauu, 1956. 61 p.
Wireman I., Rubb. World, 1973, v. 169,
J"ft 2, p. 33-38.
Wolf R. T., Rubb. Age, 1971, v. 103,
J"ft 12, p. 40-42.
Wolf R. T., Rubb. Age, 1972, v. 104, J"ft 12,
p. 58-59.
Wolf R. T., Rubb. Age, 1971, v. 103, J"ft 3.
p. 90-9t.
Wolf R. T., Rubb. Age, 1972, v. 104,
.N! 4, p. 68-74.
Yahelka M. Gumarenske stroje. Praha,
SNTL, 1958, s. 159-188.
Yennett Y., Rubb. World, 1971, v. 164,
J"ft 3, p. 69-70.
Yenning' Ch., Rubb. J., 1973, v. 153.
J"ft 5, p. 80-82.
IlPEJ(METHh1ll YKASATEJIb
ABToKaMepY
BellTBJlB 437
BYJIK&BH 422 en.
BBrOTOueBBe 430 en.
aCDYT&BHe Ba repMeTB'IBOCTl> 435 CJI.
ABTOKJIaB-Dp9CCY 388 CJI., 519 c.JI.
ABToMaTBaaD;BJI DpOD;eccOB DpBrOTOBJIeBUa
peaBBoBYX cM8Ceii 150 c.JI.
ABTololaTBBHpOBaBBYe DOTO'lBllle JlBBBII aaro-
TOBKII A8TUei R c60pKR rpyaoBYX
DORpJmleK 375 c.JI.
ASTOMaTB'J8CKoe yupaBJIeBBe DPOD;8CC&IoIB DO-
Aa'IB, paBB8CKB B 3&rpyalOt MaTepHa-
JlOB B peBBBOCM8CHTeJIR R DpOD;8CCaMU
CMemellBJl .164 CJI.
ArperaTY C rOpB80HT&JII>BblMB AB&rOBallbBO-
peaaTeJII>BYIoIB loIammaMU C ABCKo-
BYIoIB BOac&lOl 238 CJI.
ADDapaTY C BBXpeBYIoI CJIOeM 27
BaJIaBcHpoBO'IBYe CTaBJClI 419 c.JI.
Bapa6aB(bI)
ramOBO'IBYe 545
AJlJI OXJIa)KAellBJl rpa&yll peamoBoR
CMeCB BJlR BaTypaJIbBOrO KaY'IYRa 72
AJIJI c60pKR DOKpJmleK 310 ell.
mJIu(loBaJIbRye 545 CJI.
B8CKORe'lBYe lleBTY R peloID, UarOTOBJIeBDe
465 CJI.
BOM6upoBKa 182
BpacJIeTY
6peKepBYe rpY80BYX P&ABaJIbBYX mm
20
IIBrOTOBJIeRBe 282 CJI.
Bpac.JIeTBble CTaBJOt 283 c.JI.
Bymcepa pacxoABble 156 CJI.
Bamm KuaRAPoB 179 CJI.
KOlolDeBcau;ua uporR6a 182 c.JI.
BaJIKoBye rpaaYllBTOpbl 223
BaJIbD;li 77 CJI.
BaJIKR 86
Ba6POR80JIHpyJOlD;Be ODOpY t03
BCDOIolOr&TeJIbBOe o60PYAoBaBDe 110 CJI.
apo6BJlbBYe 79
594
BallLD;LI
KOBTpOJIbBo-BBMepHTeJIbBble Dpll60pbl 111)
JIa60paTopBYe 79
loIeX&BH8M perYJIBpoBaBIIJl 8aaopa 91 c.JI.
. Boat AJla cpe88IUIJI peaBBY 93 ca.
OXJIaatAeBile 87 en.
DOAorpeBaTeJlblUole 78
DO "IIIHIIHHI\ II BaJIKOB 90 CJI.
D P OXp&BHTeJIbBYe YCTPoRCTBa 95 CJI.
DpBBoA 101
DpeCDOC06JIeBile AJla DepeM8DIJIB&BHa a
OXJIa)KAellBJl peaBBY 94
DpoaaBoABTeJIbBOCTb 100
DpOMblBBYe 79
paBJIaMblBarolD;Be 79
pa(lBBHpyrolD;Be 79
CMaBKa 99 c.JI.
CM8CBTeJIbBYe 78
CTa&BBa 86
(I aMeBTBaa DJlHTa 85
mecTepRB DpBBoABllle B (lpBKD;llOBBYe 92
B1I6pOMeJIbBBD;Y 26
BR6poBO)l(BRD;Ii 06peameBBoro 1oI8T&JlllOKOp-
Aa 248
BYJIKaBll3&Top(Y)
BBABBBAYUbBYe 390 CJI.
1oIB0rODoaRD,BOBBYe 411 CJI.
BeopepYBBYe AJIa KJIBBOBYX peMBei
505 CJI.
BeDpepblBBYi TBDa CPOToKropt 479
BeopepYBBbIi AByXJIeBTO'lBblB 480
pOT&D;BoBBYe (6apa6aBBYe) BenpepblB-
Boro AeRCTBRJI 540 ell.
TYBBeJIbBYe BeDpepLlBBoro AeiicTBBJI 542
BYJIKaBRaaD;RoBBYe
aDDapaTY 388 CJI.
KaMepbl pOJIBKOBble BeDpepYBBOrO Aei-
CTBBJI 539 CJI.
KOTllbl 515 CJI.
Dp9CCY 520 CJI.
B YJIKaBRaaD;BJI
aBTODOKpWlIeK H aBTOKaMep 383 CJl.,
422 CJI.
6ecKOBe'lBblX JIeBT B peMBei 476 Cll.
B cpe.!le BOT ReDpepblBBaa 535
BYllRaBH3aD;nJl
ABaiparlol (IopMaTopoB-BYJIKaBB3&TOPOB
439 CJI.
B OXJl8)l(AeBBe JIeBT DOA BaTJDReneM 476
KllmOBIdX peMBeR 502 CJI.
eBT B peMBei 470 CJI.
BeopepbIBRaJi 6ecKOBe'IBYX lleBT R paM-
BeD 477 CJI.
Be(IopMOBYX Ra eJIRi BeDpepbIBBaJi
531 c.JI.
cBo60ABYX Jle 439
06peamenyx BeBTRDeD 437
npopeameBBldx TRuei B TOBJOtX KaJIaB-
APOBaBBblX peamOBblX DOJIOTeB Be-
DpepYBB8JI 539 ell.
peaBBoBblx TPy60K BeDpepbIBBaa B cpeAe
BOT 535
pyKaBOB 585 ell.
c)OpMOBblX R Be(lOPMOBYX HaAeJIRi 515 CJI.
umpBD;oBaBBblx R ry6'1amx Ba eJIRi
B DceB OO)l(lDKeBBOM CJIoe 537 CJI.
illDPBD;OBa&BYX Ra ellBD opH DOMO
MBKpOBOJIB BeopepbIBBaa 535 ell.
BbleMRa BapO'IBYX KaMep 418
Bblpy6Ka aarOTOBOK 224 CJI.
ramOBO'lBble 6apa6a&Y 545
rRAPaBJIn8CKBe YCTUOBItB K&JlUApOB 191
rBJIbOTBBBble BO)f(B AJla p88KR KaY'IYRa 19
rOllOBItB
aaKaTO'IBYe B PYKaBROM DpOB3DoAcTBe
568
llBCTOBaJlbBYe 69
'IepBnBOR (lBJlbTPOB&JlbBo-rpuYJIHpY-
IO ei MaIlDlBbI 380/450-4 aaBOJta
«BOJIldDeBBKt 64
'1epBjlqBYX Mamm 42 CJI.
rpaBYllupyro aJl pemeTKa 'IepBa'IBoro rpa-
BYJIJITOpa 67
fpanYllJITOpy 58, 60 c.JI.
BaJIKOBye 223
BYX'lepBB'lBble MIUDIIBLI 50 c.JI.
.neraa peaBBOBYX cMeceii 56
,IJ;eKpRCTa.iIJIB8&D;BJI .,saTyp&Jlr.Boro Kay-
'lyRa 14 .
J(uarOB&JlbBo-pe3&TeJIbBYe
arperam AJla pealOt 06peameBBoro Me-
TaJlJIOKop,a:a 248 c.JI.
4rperaTbI R MaDJBBY AJIa pacKpoa 06pe-
aBBeBBblX TRueR B TeKCTBJlbBorO
Kop a 237 c.JI.
MIUDIIBLI AJIJI paCKpOJI TeKCTRDbBOro KOp -
6peKepa DOKpllDlIeR TBDa P 281
,IJ;Rac)parMY c)0pMaTopoB-BYJIKUR3&TOPOB,
R8I'OTOBJIeBRe 430 CJI., 439 CJI.
,IJ;BcR08b1e rpaBYllJITOpbl 222 c.JI.
- BO)KB AJlJI peaKB KayqyKa 23 c.JI.
,IJ;oaaTOpy aBTOMaTD'J8CKRe 158 CJI.
,IJ;oaupoBane R DOAa1Ja KayqyKoB R loIaTO'l-
BYX peamoBYX cMeceii 155 CJI.
,IJ;po6eMeTBbIe YCTUOBIOt AJla YAaJIeBRB aa-
yceBD;eB 545
3aroTOBRTeJIbBYe oDepaD;BB
B peaBBoBoR npoMbDlUleBBocTR 222 c.JI.
DPB B8I'OToBJIeBBB peamoBblx RaAeJId
509 CJI.
38*
3arpyao'IB8JI(ble)
BopoBKa 'IepBnBoii Ma1DRBY 42
eMKOCTR 158 ell.
3aKaTO'lBYe
MamBBld B PyKUROM DpoRBBoACTDe
568 c.JI.
DpBcDOC0611ellBJl 205 en.
CTaBJOt 253 c.JI.
3aKpoD B OT60p ClloeB TeKCTBJIbBOrO KOPAa
275 CJI.
3aKpoiable MaDJDBY 228 CJI.
3ayceB bI B 06JIOR
CTaBKH Ana MeXa&R'I8CKOrO 06pe3&BBJI
543 CJI.
YAaneBBe aaMOpa)I(BBaBBeM R eJIRi
545 CJI.
3y6'1aTble DepeAa'IB KaJIaBAPoB 193
Baru6
BaJIROB 181 CJI.
BeRTBJlei aBToKaMep DOCJIe BYllRaBRaa-
D;BR 437
HaMeJIb'leBBe peamoBoD CM8CR 222 CJI.
HaMeJIL'lRTeJIH KYCKOBblX R JIBCTOBblX loIaTe-
pBaJIOB 25
HaoJIBD;RJI KpOMOK MaTaJIJIOKOpABblX DOJlOC
279 c.JI.
RaJIUAP(bI) 166 ell.
BaJIRR 179 CJI.
BCDOMOraTeJIbBOe 060pYP;oB&BHe 201 CJI.
rBApaBlln8CltBe YCTUOBItB 191
Jla60paTOpBYe 177
DRTaBDe peaBBoi 198
DpORaBOABTeJIbBOCTb 200 CJI.
DJlTBBaJIKOBbli 172 c.JI.
peaBBoo6pa6aTblBaIO e 166 CJI.
ynBepCaJIbBYi TpeXSaJIKoBYi C Tpe-
yrOJIbBYM paCDOllO)l(eBBeM BaJIKOB
167 CJI.
'IaTblpeXSaJIKOBYi C S-06paaBIIIM pacDo-
1l0)l(eneM BallKOB 174 CJI.
RaMepBble arperaTY B JIBBBB 430 CJI.
RayqYJUt, DO a'la B peaBBOCM8CHTeJlb 155 CJI.
RJleeDpoMaao'lBble MaDIBBbI 214 CJI.
ropRaoBTaJIbBYe 215 CJI.
CDeD;BaJIbBble 218 CJI.
RJIBBOBble peMBD
BYJIRaBBaaD;BJI 502 CJI.
ay6'1ame, RarOTOBlleBBe 506 CJI.
BaMepeBBe R MapKBpoBKa 507 Cll.
o6epTblBaBBe TKUeBYMB lleBTaMB 498 c.JI.
DpOB3BOACTBO 481 CJI.
ROJIJIoBABYe MeJIbBBD;bI 27
ROllL a
BRTble, RarOTOBJIeBRe 299
DpOTeKTOpBYe C'IoeMBble IIDIIIbI TBDa PC
305 Cll.
ROJIbD;eAeJIaTeJlbBYe arperam 296 CJI.
ROMDeRCaD;RJI DporH6a BaJIKOB 182 CJI.
ROMDOaBD;BB, MeH, Dacm H CMaaKB,
DpBrOTOBJIeBDe 28 CJI.
ROBBeRepBo-KapYCeJIbBble JlItlDlB AJla c60plOt
DOKpllDlIeK C Depe,IUSlI1'aI01D;RMBCJI c60-
PO'IBblMH CTanaMH 374
595
ROBTeuepy peaBBOKOPABble AJla DepeBoaKB
CIDRB 156 c.JI.
ROBTpBarH6 BaJIKOB 182
ROPA
TeKCTBJlLBYii, 06pa60TKa 2.67 c.JI.
06peaBBeBBYii, pacKpoR R DO,QrOTOBKa
279 CJI.
Rop -6peRep TeKCTBnbBYii, Deperl!6 281 CJI.
ROPATKan B KOPADIBYP, upODRTKa R CYWKa
Depep; c60PKOi KJIBBOBblX peMHeii
481 CJI.
ROTJIbI BYJIKaBBaa OBBllle 515 CJI.
RpblJILeBble R o6epTO'IBLIe neBTLI, narOTO-
BlleBBe 279
RpblJlLeBble CTaIIRH 301 ell.
RpblJIba 294 CJI.
ARarOBaJIbBYX we 295 CJI.
p BaJILBblX IIIBB 303 CJI.
JIaTYBDPOBUB8 MeT&Jllllil'l8CKBX AeTaJIei
514
JIeBTO'lBble BO)l(B 229 CJI.
JIeRTbI, apMHpoBaBBble MeTaJIJIOTpOCOM, Ba-
rOTOBlleBBe 469 CJI.
JIeRTbI u peMBR, BYJIKaBBaa WI 470 CJI.
JIBBBH
JIJI BYJIKaBBaa BB aBToKaMep 425 CJI.
AJla BYllKaBRaau;mt DlDpBD;oBaDBldx B
ry6QaTblX Ra eJIBii B DceBAOOJRlDReB-
HOM CJIoe 537 CJI.
AJlJI RarOTOBlleBRJI pyKaBoB 06MOTO'lBOO
KOBCTPYKD;BU 575 CJI.
AJIa BeDpepblBBoro DlDpBD;eBaBBJI H BYJI-
-KaBBaau;mt Ba eJIRi B pacDJluax co-
JIeR 531 CJI.
AJIJI 06KJ1aAKB ceMe'IBBRoB TpUCDOp-
TepBblX JIeRT peaBBOBYMB CJIOBMB
462 CJI.
Anll DpoBaBOACTBa (IopMOBblX RaAeJIBi
547
JIa c60pKR cePAe'UUtKoB TpUCDOpTep-
BYX JIeBT 456 CJI.
JIHTbeBble MaDIBBY 548
C DJlyumepBYM BB)l(eK OBBYM arpera-
TOM 548
C 'IepB DJlyumepBYM BB)l(eKD;HOBBYM
arpetATOloI 559 CJI.
C 'IepBnBYIoI BB)l(eKD;BOBBYM arperaToM
555 Cll.
MamDBld JIJI cYIIIJUI K&Jl8BApOBaJlBOO TKaBD
204
MeX&BHaM perYJIBpOBa&BB aaaopo.B Me)I(AY
BaJIKaMB 189 CJI.
MBKpoKOIolDOReBTY, DO a'la 153 CJI.
MBoro.JJyq8Bye BOJRB AJla p88KB KayqYKa
19 c.JI.
MODUlOCTl> DpBBOAa 'IepBJl'lBOR MaDIIIIIY 70
MlU"DlTe.1UI
DOAa'la 152
xpueBBe B DO,QrOTOBKa 25
HarpeB R OUa)l(AeBBe B&JlKOB 195 c.JI.
HallOJRene peaBBoBYX DpOc.JlOeK Ba c.JIOB
TeKCTBJlbBOrO Kop a 276 c.JI.
HUeceBBe 9101YJlbCBB Ba TK8BI> 213
He(IopMoBble B eJIBJI
BeDpepbIBRaB BY.JJKaBD 531 c.JI.
596
He(lopMOBye BaAeJIRJI
DpOBBBOACTBO 514 c.JI.
HOJRB
JlJI BblpeaaBBJI eTaJIeii DO ma6ll0HY
229 c.JI.
AJia peaKB KayqyKa 19 c.JI.
06epTO'lBble CTaBKR 300 CJI.
06MOTo'lBble MaIlDlBbI 574 ell.
060ABllle JIeBTY, BarOTOBneBRe 430 CJI.,
438 CJI.
06peaaBHe
BIllIIp8CCOBOK 418 CJI.
aayceBD;eB loIeXa&R'I8CKOe 543 c.JI.
06peaBBBBaBRe
BeHTBJIeR 437
KOMa 267 CJI.
MeTaJIJIOKOPAa 271 CJI.
TKaRei DOJIOTBBBOrO IIepeDJIeTeBBJI 275
OAHOKOJIODBlde Bblpy6BYe DpeccY C KOB-
COJIbBOO Tpuepcoo 226 c.JI.
OKpacKa
BYJIKaBBaOBaDBldx DOKpllIIlIeK 421 ell.
BeBYJIKaBRaOBaBBblX aBToM06BJlbBYX DO-
KpldJIIeK 383 CJI.
ODlleTO'lBble MamBBbl 570 c.JI.
ODYAPBBaHue
BBYTpeBBeii DOBepXBocTB DOua Ba e-
JIBi 71
peaBBbl 211 CJI.
OT60p, OXJIa)l(AeBRe B cymKa rpuYJI Kay-
'IyKa R MaTO'IBblX cMeceii 72 CJI.
Oroop IIIDpBD;oBaBBblx JlaAellBi '71
OUIDRAeBBe
JIBCTOB peaBBbI DpB pY1J:BOM cpeaaBDB
110 ell.
DOKpLIlIIeK DOCJIe BYJIKURaau;mt 415 c.JI.
TKaBB B peaDBld 204 ell.
O'lRCTKa MeTaJIJIIiI'I8CKOii apMaTYPY 512 CJI_
BeueTaoaep 65, 68
ITepeKpeJD;BllaBBe ocei BaJIKOB 182
ITHTaTeJlB
6pac.JIeTIIJ>IX CTaBJCOB 287 c.JI.
K KpYJIbeBYIoI CTaBJCaM 303
.J1JIIIBB BYJIK UTOK8IoIep 427
BeDpepYBBoro AeiicTBBJI AJla DOJla1lB,pe-
aBRIII B 'IepBIiI'IBYe loIaD1J1J1Y XOllOP;-
BOro DHTaBBJI B DOAorpeBaTeJlbBYe
B&JlbqJitt5
DOTO'IBo-aBTOMaTB'l8CKDX mumii DpBro-
TOBJIena peaBBOBYX cweceii 161 c.JI.
c60po'lBblx CTaBJCOB aBTololaTll8llpOBaB-
BYe pOJIBKODpoKJIajJ;O'IBYe OameBBoro
TDa353 .
c60po'IBYX CTaBKOB 352 CJI.
ITJIaCTBRaTOpY 56 c.JI.
ITJlBTBYe MaIlDlBbI B PyKUBOM DpOBBBOI-
CTBe 570
ITop;a'la R oaBpoBaBBe
KaY'IYROB B loIaTO'IBYX peaBBoBYX CM8-
ceo 155 CJI.
IoIHKpOKoMDoBeBTOB, lrUIl"IIITeJIeR B CLlDY-
'lax DBl'peABeBTOB 152 c.JI.
ITOJIBYJIKaBRaa BJI CTYKa 60pTOBYX KOJIeQ
299 CJI.
IToAIJIIDIIUIKII.. KaJI&JQUIOB 186 c.JI.
llop,rOTOBKa
K8y1J:yKa 14 CJI.
TRauB B DpORBBOACTBe TpaBcDoPTepBh1X
JleHT B peMBei 443 CJI.
llOKpWIIIUI 254 CJI.
BeJlOCBDeABye, c60pKa 380 CJI.
BYJlK&BHaaD;BJI 383 CJI.
rpY80Bble, c60pKa 332 cn.
- TBDA P, coopKa 367 CJI.
AHarOBAnbBYe, c60pKa 317 c.JI.
KORTpOllb Ka'l9CTBa 419 c.JI.
Kpyuaora6apRTBble paABaJlbBble, c60pKa
370 CJI.
- llerKOBble H MOTOD;HKneTBble, c60pKa
319 CJI.
- TBDa P 362 Cll.
oRpacKa 383 CJI., 421 CJI.
OXllIDRp,eBDe DOCJle BYJlKaBD8&D;nH
415 c.JI.
nBeBloIaTH'l8CKBX mHB, c60PKa 309 Cll.
paABaJlbBblX mBB, 361 CJI.
C60PR8 361 ell.
- Ba nOTO'IBbIX llBBBBX 371 CJI.
cTaBAapTB3&D;BJI, BOpMaJlB38D;BJ1 B yaH-
c)HKaD;Ba o60PYAoBaBDJI AJlJI C60PKB
357 CJI.
TpaKTopBble 'B C9JlbCKOX03DCTBeBBllle
TBDa P, c60pKa 369 ell.
c)OpMoB8BBe 384 CJI.
llOTO'IBo-aBTOMaTH'l8CKBe JIBBRH AJIB DpH-
rOTOBJIeBBa pe3BBoBblx cM8Cei
150 CJI., 156 en.
llOTO'IBble llBBml
AJia sarOTOBKB AeTaJleit B c60plOt aBTO-
DOKpbIllIeR 371 ell.
Alla B8rOTOBJIeBBa 6paCJIeTOB 292 c.JI.
AJIa pacKpoa B DOArOTOBIOt 06peSBBes-
Boro MeTaJinOKOPAa 280 CJI.
DOJIyaBTOMaTH'lecRBe B arperaTbI C pac-
'IJleBeBBblM DpO eccOM c60pKR' DO-
KpLlDIeK 372 CJI.
C BblDO.DBeBReM Bcex c60po'lBblx onepa-
D;Bii Ba OABOM CTa&Ke 371 c.JI.
llpecc
«reBpBx P8yt 473 c.JJ.
llRTbeBOi fBApaBJlH'leCKD DJIyamepBYi
548 CJI.
llpecc-4»OPMbI CeKTGpBOrO TBna 415 CJI.
Dpeccbl
BYJlK8RB3aD;ROBBble 520 ell.
- AnJi KnHBOBIllX peMBei 504 CJI.
Blllpy6Rbl8 AByxKOJIOBBble 225 ell.
llPBBOA
KanaBApoB 192
'IepBB'lBblX MamHB 46 ell.
llpBeM, xpaBeBBe B DOAFOTOBRa MaTepBalloB
9 ell.
DpReM B OXllamp,eBRe lleRTbI pe8BBY 110
llpOAoJlbSo-peSaTeJlbBYe M8IIIBBIII 235 cn.
llPOBBBOABTeJIl>BOCTb
asTOKJIaB-Dp8Cca 388
K8JIaBAPOB 200
JIBBRB BYllKaBR3&D;RH aBTOKaMep 428
DpOTeKTOpBOrO arperaTa C KaJIaBAPOM 260
pe38TeJIbBblX MaIIDIB 253 cn.
'lepBB'lBOi MamBBbI 70
DpoDRTKa KOPAa 261
llpOTeKTOpBbli arperaT C KaJlaBAPOM 259 CJI.
llpOTeRTopbl, BarOTOBJIeBBe 254 CJI.
llpOc)BJIBpOBaBBe B pe3Ka sarOTOBOR 224
PaCKaTO'IBblO CTUOR 244 en.
PacKpoi
06peaBBeBBofo KOMa 279 c.JI.
TeKCTBJII>BOrO KOPA-6peKepa DOKpbIllIeK
TEa P 281
PacDopKa BaTypalll>BOrO Kay1J:yKa 14 c.JI.
PeAyKTOpy
KallaBAPoB 193
'IepBB'lBblX MamBB 50
PeSBBOBaJi CM8Cb, DpBrOTOBJIeBDe 156 CJI.
PeSBBOBble TeXBH'l9CKBe BSAeJlBa
npoBSBo11,CTBO 443 ell.
c)opMoBble H Be4JopMoBble 509 c.JI.
Pe8BBOloleT8nnH'lecKHe D3AeJIBR, aarOTOBB-
TeJIbBble onepa HR DPB BBrOTOBne-
BJIB 512 CJI.
PeSBBOCM9CHTeJlB 117 c.JI.
aBTOMaTH'l9CKOe ynpaBlleBBe B KOBTpOJIIt
139 en.
aarpyao'IBoe YCTpoicTBO 135 CJI.
BenpepbIBBoro AeicTBBa 143 c.JI.
DepBo,lUl'i8CKoro AeocTBBa 119 CJI.
DpBBOA 138 en.
DpOH8BOABTeJIbBOCTl> 143
paarpyao'IBoe YCTpoicTBO 136 c.JI.
perYJIBPoBaBDe DOJlO)J(eBRa pOTOpOB 135
'POTOp 130 CJI.
CM9CHTeJIbSaa KaMepa 128 ell.
C pOTopum OBaJlbBOi c)opMJil 119 CJI.
C pOTOpum Tp8xrpaBRoi c)OpMY 125 c.JI.
C poTOpum D;BJlBBApn8CKoi c)OPMbI
126 CJI.
¥DJlOTBBTeJlbBYe YCTpoicTBa 130 c"'I.
cjlYBAaMeBTBaa DJlHTa 128
PeBKa
Kay1J:yKa 19 c.JI.
nHCTOB, DIJIYPOB B Tpy60K 233 c.JI.
06pe8BBeBHOrO MeTaJlJlOKOpp,a 247 CJI.
06pe8BBeBBblx TRuei B KOPA8 235 cn.
PeKYDepa BOBBble YCT8BOBKB KJleenpOMa-
SO'IBYX MaIIDIB 220 en.
PeMBlI
BapeaBoi KOBCTp RH 445 CJI.
yaKBe DOCJlouo-aasepuyroi KOBCTPyK-
D;BB, c60pKa 444
POllBKoBble BYJIK&BHSaD;ROBBble KaMepbl Be-
npepbIBBoro AeiCTBBJI 539 ell.
POTaD;ROBDble arperaTY AJia C60PKH DOKpY-
meR C nOBOpa'lBBalOIIUDDICa DO Kpyry
c60po 6apa6aaaMB 374
PyKaBa .
BYJIKa&IISau;BJI 585 cn.
KpyrnOTKaBYe 584 Cll.
BasBBO'IBoi KOBCTpyKD;BB 578 CJI.
06Io1OTO'IBoi KOSCTpyKD;BB 574 CJI.
ODJleTo'IBoi KOBCTPYKD;RH 570 en.
DO,QrOTOBBTeJIbBble B 88Kmo'IBTeJlbBble
oDepau;mt c60plOt 587 CJI.
DPOKJI&AO'IBOB ROBCTpYKD;BB 567 CJI.
CDBpUltBYe 582 cn.
PYKaBSoe DpoBSBOACTBO 567 CJI.
Cuca
pe8BBORopABYe KOBTeUepbl p,JIR nepe-
BOIIOt 156 c.JI.
597
Ca,K8
TpUCDOpTBpOBaBHe H A03HpoBaBDe
151 ell.
CIDReBaa cycDeB3BJ1, YCTUOBJOt Ana DPH-
rOTOBJIeBBJI 27
C60pKa
6eCKOBe'IBIIIX neRT B peMBei 466 en.
R 06KJ1&AKa cepAe'IBBROB lleRT aa py6e-
mOM 445 c.JI.
H 06
&AKa Tp
CDOpTePBYX neBT R peM-
BeR Bape3KOH KOBCTpyKD;BB 445 c.JI.
H pe8Ka cepAe'IBHKOB KJlBROBYX peMBei
484 ell.
KpyrnOTKaBblx pyKaBoB 584 ell.
BaBBBO'lBblX pyKaBOB 6e8AopBOBYM CDo-
C060M 580 CJI.
BaBBBO'IBblX pyKaBOB AOpBOBYM CDOCO-
60101 579 CJI.
ORlleTO'IBbIX pyKaBoB 6e
opBOBYM CDo-
C060M 574
ORJleTO'lBblX pyKaBoB AOpBOBYM CDOCo-
60101 572 en.
nOKpLIIDeK 309 en.
- B9JlOCBDeABIIIX 380 en.
- rpY80BblX 332 CJI.
- - TBDa P 367 CJI.
- AH&rORaJlbBblX 317 CJI.
- Kpyuaora6apRTRYX paABaJIbBblX
370 c.JI.
- JlerKOBbIX B MOTOD;8JCJIeTIUIX 319 CJI.
- JIerKOBbIX TBDa P 362 CJI.
- Ba DOTO'IBIIIX JlBBBJlX 371 CJI.
- paABanbBblx 361 CJI.
peMsei Y8KHX DOc.JIoiBo-8aBePBYTOD:
KOBCTpyKD;BB 444
PyKaBOB BaBBBO'IBOH KOBCTpyKD;BB
578 CJI.
- 06MOTO'IBoi KOBCTpyKD;BB 574 CJI.
- oDneTo'IBoi KOBCTpyKD;UB 570 c.JI.
- DOArOTOBHTenbBYe B 8aKJIIO'lBTeJIb-
BYe oDepaD;BB 587 c.JI.
- npoKJI&Ao'IBoi KOBCTp
BU 567 en.
CepAe'IBHKOB KJIBBOBbIX peMBei !KOPA-
TKaBeBoi KOBCTpyxqRB 498
- - - KOPAIDBYPOBOi KOBCTp
BR
496 ell.
- JleRT B OTe'l9CTBeBBOM DpOHBBoACTBe
450 ell.
C'beMBblX DpOTeKTOpBYX KOJleD; mBB
TBDa PC 305 en.
Y8JOtX peMBei DocnoiBo-8aBepBYTOD: KOB-
CTpyKD;BB 444
CePAe1J:BBICR KJlBROBIIIX peMBei, c60pKa H
pe8Ka 484 CJI.
CKaJIKH MexaBD8HpoBaBBble AJIa C60PKB no-
KpLIIDeK 317
'CKJI&A .
6ymtepBLIii AJlJI XpaBeBBJI rpuYJIHpo-
B8BBoi CIDRB 9 CJI.
)I(BAJOtX H nerKODJlaBKBX DpoAyKTOB 14
TapBoro xpueBBJI camH B CBeTJlYX
DOpoDlKo06pa81U1x MaTepBaJIOB 10 c.JI.
CJla66ep 65, 68
CMa3Ka BaJiKOBIdX n OAWlWIIBK OB KallaBAPoB
186 CJI.
CMecRTellB Ana npBrOTOBJIeBBJI KOMn08
,
KneeB, DaCT H CMa80K 28 CJI.
.598
CT8BBBa
KaJIaBAPOB f89 CJI.
'IepBnBoi MaDIBBbl 42
CTUOK
AJia BCTaBKB 80JIOTBBROB BeRTBJleH 438
AJla MeXallB'l9CKOrO 06pe8aBDa aayceB-
D;eB 543 CJI.
CTpeiBep 65, 68
CTpeJlKR Kana
pOB 198
CTIIIKOBO'lBble
BYJlK&BH8aD;BOBBble Dpeccbl 201 CJI.
CTaBKR . Ana e3AoBlllx K&Mep rpY30BIIIX
DOKpl>lDJeK 432 ell.
CycneB3BU, pacTBopbl B naTBKCRble CMeCB,
npBrOToBneBDe 25 en.
CyIllHJIKa maeKOBaa AnJi Mella H KaOJIBRa 11
CymKa
KallaBAPoBaBBoi TKaBB 204
MeJia B DOTOKe ropB'lero B08Ayxa 12
CmBBuBe KallaBApoBaBBoH TKaBB 201
CblDy1J:Be BBrpeABeBTY, DOAa'la 153
TeKCTBJlbBLIii KOPA, 06pa6OTKa 260 CJI.
TeMnepaTypBbli pe)I(BM 'IepBnBoi MamBRY
70 ell.
TepMo06pa6OTKa R BYTarBBaBDe KOPAa
261 CJI.
TKaBeBllle lleRTbI, R3rOTOBneRRe 278 en.
TOJIKaTeJIb 'IepBnBOrO rpaayJIJlTopa 68
To
a KanaBAPyeMoro JlHCTa, H8MepeBDe
B perynBpOBaBBe 196 c.JI.
TOJIlD;BBoMepbl B8OTORRye 196 CJI.
TopM08Baa CBCTeMa B
lUIe YCTpoi-
CTBa K&JlaBAPOB 194
TpucnopTeplUle JleRTbI H DllocJOte DpBBO
-
Bble peMBB, R3rOTOBlleBDe 443 c.JI.
TpUCRoPTHpoBaBRe B A08RpoBaRRe C&)KB
151 CJI.
¥BBBepCaJIbBble 6paClleTRble CTaBRB 6apa-
oaBBoro TBDa 285 CJI.
YBBBepcaJIbBbli MeX&BH8M AnJi DpHKaTKB
AeTaJIei DOKpl>lDJKU Ba C60pO'IBOM
6apa6aRe 343 ell.
YDaKOBO'IBllle CTa&JOt 422
cJ)9CToBBaa OXJl&AHTeJIbBaa YCTuoBKa
112 c.JI.
cJ)BJlbTpOBanbBo-rpaBYJlHpyIO
aa 'IepBB'I-
Baa MamBBa C AOnOJIBBTeJIbBOi JlR-
CTOBanbBoi rOJloBKoi 68
$BJIbTpyIO
aJl pemeTKa c)BJlbTpOBallbBo-
rpaBYJIBpyIO
ei MaIlDlBlII 67
cJ)opMaTop
BaKYYMBYi AJla 60nbmerpY3Bblx DOKplll-
meK 384 CJI.
BOSAyDlJlYi 385 CJI.
$opMaToplII-BYJIK&BHSaTOplII 394 c.JJ.
TBDa «aBTo(Iop... 404 ell.
- «6er-o-MaTHK_ 395 en.
6e3ARac)parMeBBble 407 CJI.
$opMoBaBBe DOKpl>lDJeK 384 CJI.
cJ)0pMoBble H3AellBJI 509 CJI.
8aKnlO'IHTeJlbBYe oDepaD;u opH BsrOTO-
BJIeRBB 543 CJI.
B8rOTOBJIeBBe Ra DOTO'IBoi nBBHB 547
$opMoBble B Re(lopMoBble B8
eJIHa, BYllKa-
BD3aD;BJI 515 CJI.
MAWHHbI
H AnnAPATbi
PE3HHOBOrO
npOH3BOACT.BA .
AHlJparaNUlCo8 Bopue HOC
08UIl, ANmolt08 J1e8 MUZar'Uo8U1l.
BapcJe08 j(MUmpU(J. MuzaiMo8U1l.
repraMaN Bopue rpuaop , N8U1l Kenepraa J1ID08US MuzaiMo8U1l,
IIuKesUIt BAaOUMUp A AeJeCaHlJpo8U1l,
IIoNlJeo8 88aN BacUAN8"., PyOaJeo8 HUJeoAa(J. Mumpo
aH08"',
C
m1lJJeo8 AMJecaHlJp BacUAN8ull, Co6oAe8 E88eItU(J. HUJeOAae8UIl,
If IIJsaHOJe H 8alt II poJeonN8UIl
PeA&KTOp JI. H. r & 11 R U; K a II
TexuuqecKBii: peA&KTOP A. C. R 0 q e T 0 B &
XYAO)l(HRK B. M. R & 8 B H U; e B
RoppeKTOp M. C. X P H D Y BOB a
T-1561S. CJWlO B Ra6. 19.3.1975 r. lloJIII. B lIeq. IS.9.1975 r.
opMaT OyJl8.l'B 70Xl00',...
BJllara nUt n 2. 17on. lIeq. n. 52.5+0.65 BKn. yq.-Bllt. n. 5....03.
TBpaIIC 10 000. 3u. 163. Bllt. JIA 489. I{eRa 2 p. S/ K.
H8Jt&ftm>C'l'BO "XIIIII1n. 107076. MOCKBa. CTPoMYIIKa. 13.
JIeED1Bl'P8JtCKaJl 1J'IIJI01'P!
8JI .H 6 C"1031I0JIIII'pa
lIp0M8 IIpB
I1OC1Jt8PCTBellllOM KOIIIITe'1'9 <:0_ MB1I8CTPOB CGCP JIO AenD B3Jt8-
1'UIoCft. JIOJIIII'P
B8 B KJImICBott IfOproBmi.
196006. JIeBBRrpalt. MOCKOBCKBIt lIP., 91.