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TapaCOB A. K.
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. 6

<jJlI'ICCJ<y1O KaPTIIH)' lJpcMCH Ila'l3.,"la PIIMCKOII I-IMI1Cplili.
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B031Iyxa, 0 CIICrOBOH JlI-IHlIlI, JlCLUIHKax II JlaBI-IH3X.
2. 11.cnaHcKIiM MOpCnJlaBaTC;Ib (1475-1517) II KOJlO-
111-I3aTOp. 011 I1CpBblM 113 ClJPOI1CHI.{CB lJ 1513 r. I1CpecCK
rTaliaMcKIIH I1CpCIlJCCK II CYMCJI AOCTI-I'Ib 6cpcroB Tl-lxoro
OKcaHa, lIa3B3B cro lO)!(HbIM MOpCM.
3.1(pCBIICrpC'ICCKI-IH MaTCMaTIiK II <jJHlJOCO<jJ (OK. 610-
547 rr. AO H. 3.), aBTOp I1CplJOro Ha rpC'ICCKOM H3bIKC
CO'lIlHCHIiH «0 I1pIlPOAC», KOIlCTpYKTOp nCpBblX COJIIJC'I-
IIbIX '1aCOlJ. EMY npl-ll1l1CbIBaIOT COCTaOJlCHI-IC I1CplJofi rco-
rpa<jJII'ICCKOH KapTbl.
4. AlIfJllIHCKliH nOJlHplibIfi I-ICCJlCAOB3Tcnb (1800-
1862), yq3CTHliK HCCKOJlbKlIX apKTlI'lCCKJfX 3KCnClIlII.{IIH.
EMY I1pllHaD,JiC)KHT OTKPbITIIC CCBcpHoro MarHl-ITHOro
110JllOCa 3CMJllI (1831). B 1839-43 rr. I1pCAnpmmJl TPli
110XOlia B AHTapKTH.!\Y. TaM OH OTKpbln MOpe, KOTopoe
Ha3lJaJ11-1 cro lIMCHCM, BYJlKaHbl 3pe6yc lI1CppOp, IlJCJlb-
$OlJblfi JlCllHlIK (JlCMHOH 6apbCp, cct1:Qac HOCHU.!lIH cro
lIMH).
5. PYCCKliH lICCJlCliOBaTC:Jb (1877-1914) ApKTllKII,
rnJIPorpa<jJ. B 1912 r. lIM OpraHI-I30Balia 3KCI1CAI-Il.{lIli
K CCIJCPHOMY 110JllOCy Ha cy;mc «ClJHTOH 11>01<3». EM}!
I1pHIlJJlOCb 31-1MOBaTb Ha HOBoH 3cMJIC H 3CMJIC I1>paHl.{a-
Hocl-I<jJa. YMCp BO BpeMH 110XOAa, I1blTa5iCb llOHTH 11.0
CCBcpHoro nOJllOca 3cMJIli.
6. H3lJCCTHbIfi lITaJlbHIICKlIiI MOpClUlaBaTCnb (1451-
1512), BbIHCflllBIlJIIH, 'ITO OTKpbITbiC KOnyM60M 3eMJII-I -
COBCCM IIC HII.QlIH, a a6COJllOTIIO HOBbIH MaTcpliK. OH
110CCTIIJI CCIJCpuyJO '1aCTb IOA<HOH AMCpllKI-I II Ha3BaJI CC
HOBbiM CIJeTOM. Ero I-IMCHCM IIa3BaHbI CHa'laJIa K»KHblll
MaTCpl-lK A"ICPIIKlI, a nOTOM II CClJCPHbIit
7. Apa6cKIiH (MapoKKaHcKIIH) nyrcllJCCTBeIlHIIK (1304-
1377), KOTOpblH C 1325 no 1349 rr. CTpaHCTBOlJaJl 110 Becfi
CCIJCPllOH A<jJPI-IKC, ClipHlI, naJICCTHHC, Hp3KY, HpaHc-
KOMY HaropblO. n06bllJaJllJ IO)I(IIOH ElJponc, MaJlOH A:mll,
7

1m OCTpOBax UciinOH l-I CYMal'pa, B Km-ac. B 1352-1353 rr.
llBaJKD.bl ncpcccK Caxapy. Oocnc cro CMCpTl-I OCTaJIllCb
nO/Jpo6HblC Onl-lCaHWl noccll1.ClIllblX TCppl1TOpllii.
8. PyCCKllfi 4>1I3I1Ko-reorpacl> (1905-1976), 3alll1\13B-
IlJnHCH nonpocam 4>n311'1CCKOH rcorpa4>lIn 3apy6c)KHblX
cl'pau; aDTOp 4>YIIJ\a\ICHTaJlbHOrO l'pyJ:\3 *HaYKa 0 nail.1\-
llJa4>re» (1975) II HaY'Ulo-nonynHpHoH KHnfll 06 oxpallc
npl-lpoJ\bI «HaM II BHYKaM» (1966).
9. 113ncCTHbIiI aHfJllIHCKl-lil300nOr l-I nl-lCarenb (1925-
1995). opramnaTop n Y'laCTHliK 3KcncJ:ulUnl1 3a KonnCK-
UlIHMII )K11BOTllbIX B A4>PHKy, IOJKHYIO AMCPl-lJ<y, ABCl'pa-
111110. 11  C0311a1l300CM Ha OC'IpOBC .lJ)KCPCIIDJISI )KlIDOTIlblX,
KOTOpblM rp03l1T non HOC IIC'IC3110nCHliC. ABTOP KHllr
*300napK IJ MOCM 6araJKc», «KolJ'Icr Ha OCTpOBC» II
MHomx APynIX.
10. C1>paHUY3CKnfi MOpCnnalJaTCnb (1741-1788?), PY-
KOBOjll-\DWHI1 KpyrOCIJCTHOil3KCnCAl-IUllcii. 011 nCCnCAODaJI
OCl'pODa Tl-Ixoro OKcana, 6cpcra CCBcpO-3anMIIOH AMCpll-
KI'I, ccncpO-DOCTO'lHOil A3l1l-1, OTKpblJl npOJlHIJ MC)f(J1y OCT-
pOBlJMIJ CaXaJllIH l-I XOKKaMo. Ero 3KCnClll-lllllSi nponaJIa
6C3 DCCTH (OCTaTO'llIbiC CJlMbi 0611ap}')KCHbI B 1826-1828
rr. Ba OCl'pODC BaHliKopo n rpynnc OCl'pODOB CallTa- Kpyc).
II. PYCCKllfi OKcanonor (1885-1960), nCCnCAOIlaTCnb
ApKTIIKH. PYKonoAlln BbicoKOWnpOTJlOil3KCnCAHl\IICii lIa
nCJ\OKonc «CMKO» (1935). Ollllll'l-l lI3 ncpBbIX nOCTaBl-In
l-I pa3pa6aTblDaJI np06ncMY nCAOBblX npOrH030n DJIH Cc-
ncplloro 1OpCKOro nym. ADTop nCCMllpllO l-I3nCCTHoil
KHnfll «llblibI Ap"'l-IKII" (1945).
12. fonnaHllcKHH reorpa4> (1622-1650), aDTOp «Bcc-
06ll1CH rcorpa4>lIl-I», n KOTOpoil 1-13 CIICTCMbI 3l1aHllii
o 3cIJIC nncpDblC nblllCJIlln 06lllYlO l-I pcnlOHaJlbHYIO
reorpa4>l-IlO. PYCCKlifi ncpcllOA cro l'pYAa Bbllucn D 1718 r.
nOA Ha3naHIIC\1 *fcorpa4>lISi rCHCpaJIbllaSl, Hc6cCHbIII
II 3CMHODOAHblH Kpyrn J<ymlo C IIX CBoilc7BbI II AcilcTDbI
B l'pcx Kllnrax onncYlOll1aSl».
13. AArnnilcKnii nyrcllJCCTOCHHl-IK (1868-1912), l-Iccnc-
AOBaTCJlbAATapKTH,llbI. B 1901-1904 rr. D03rnaBJU1Jl3Kcne-
8

llimmo. OTKpbIBllI)'IO 3CMJIlO Kopoml3.n.yaplla CCllbMOro. OH
llCTaJlbHO 113}"JaJl3CMJIlO Bmcroplili. nCWlllofi 6apbep Pocca.
B 1910 r. lIM npClll1pllllilTIl BTOpIDI 3KcnCll1iUlIH. DO IIpCMJI
KOTOpofi YllaJIOCb llOCTII'Ib lO)!(Horo nomoca (B JlHBapC
1912 r., lia MCCHU n03;;CC P. AMYHllcCHa). DyrellJCCTDCHHIlK
II cro cnYTHHKH nom6nll Ha 06paTIIOM nyrn.
14. PYCCKlIii reorpa4>. KapTOrpa4> II rCOllC311CT (1839-
1899). OH cY\lcn COCTaBlITb 4>lI3l1'ICCKliC KapTbI EBponciI-
CKOH <JaCTli POCClili. BncpDbIC BblllcnllB lIIl3ncCJI Ha Kapry
CPel!HC-PYCCKyJO B03BbIIlJCIllIOCTb. 3TOT <JCJlOBCK lI3MC-
plln Jl]JllIlbI maBHCfillJl-IX pCK Poccml. OnpClleJIlin YPOBHII
Kacnl-lilcKOrO II ApaJIbCKoro MOpCf'!.
15. Pyccrnll rconor, rcorpa4> lIIICCnCJ:lOB3TCJlb CII611pI-I
(1863-1956), aBTOp MHontX TpYllOB no rconOHm PYllHbIX
MCCOpO)j(,QCllliH. IICOTCKTOHlIKC, a TaK;;CC nonynHplloH
KHI-Int «3aHliMaTcnbHIDl rCOJlorWl» II pmtafloB (,3ct.IJIJI
CaIlHI-IKOBa'>. «DnyroHI-IJI», (,30JlOTOIiCKaTcnl-l B nYCTblIlC».
16. HCICUKlIiI rco4>lI3JfK II MCreOpOJlor (1880-1930),
npcDJIO;;CllBllJlIiI B 1912 rOllY mnOTC3Y ropll30HTaJlblIOrO
llBII;;CClIlIH MaTcpliKOB. 011 npOBOllHIJ MliorOnCTHI-IC 3KC-
nClll-IUI-IOllllbIC pa60TbI B rpcHnaHllIII-I. Y<JCHbIiI nom6 DO
DpCMJI nbl;;CHoro ncpcxolla 'ICpC3 rpCllnaHlil-llO.
17. PycCKl-lii Kap-rorpa4> (OK. 1642-nocnc 1720), rco-
rpa4> 1-1 I-ICTOpl-lK ClI6l1pll. B 1699-1701 IT. BMCCTC C
CblHOBbSiMli 3aHlIMaJlCJI COCT3BJlCHlICM (,llcpTc;;ca BCCH
Cl-I6l1pll» (ncpBblii PYCCKlifi rcorpa4>l-I<JccKlifi aTnac lI3
23 KaPT C <Jcp-rc;;caMIl OTllcnbHbIX paHoHoB H HaccnCllllblX
nYHKToB). Ero ncPY npl-lHaDJIc;;caT PYKOnliCHIDI «Cn}OKc6-
llaJi 'lcpre;;CHaSi KHlIra ClI6I-1PII» 1-1 TaK Ha3bIBaCMIDl ('...nc-
TomICb», TO CCTb CBellCHliH no lICTOp1-l1-l Cl-I6l1pl-I.
18. DOpTyraJIbcKlIiI MopcnnaB3TCJlb (1469-1524), npo-
llJCllllJI-IH B 1497-1498 rr. BO maBC 4>nonUII-Ili 113 TpCX
CYAOB MOpCKIIM nyreM 1-13 EBponbI B. l1.HAl-llO. B 1502-
1503 rr. npCllnpmlJln BTOpOC nnanalll-lC no 3TOMY;;CC nym.
19. BcnllKllii MaTCMaTIiK II 4>1-I311K JJ:PCBIICfi rpCUlIlI
(287-212 rr. llO H. 3.), lI3JIO)KlIBIlJI-IH IIAClO AplicTapxa
CaMoCCKoro 0 reJIliOucIlTpI-l<JCCKOH Mo}:\cnll KOCMoca
9

B CBOCM CO'lHHCHIIH «ncaMMHT». npOCJlaBH1JCJI C03,IJ:aJlII-
CM Cct>Cpbl" - npo06pa3a COBpeMCIlHOro IUIaHCTaPllil,
r,IJ:C ,IJ:CMOHCTpllpoBaJlIICb '1CpC,IJ:OBaHIIJI /la IIc6c COJ1/ma
H JIYHbl, COJIHC'IHblC II nYHHblC 3aTMCHIIJI, Jl,BII)j(Ct/llJl
,IJ:pyrllX He6CCHbIX Ten.
20. nOpTYfaJIbCKIIH MOpCIUIaBaTeJlb (OK. 1450-1500),
KOTOpblH B nOIlCKax MOpcKOro nym n J1tU1.lIlO n 1487-
1488 n. Bncpnblc Jl,OCTllr IOJKHOH OKOHC'IIiOCTH Act>PIlKII
II 060rHyn cc. TCM caMbiM on YK33aJ1 nyrb 113 EBponbi
B J1tUUlIO BOKpyr Act>PIlKII.
21. PyCCKlifi MaTCMaTIlK II aCTpoct>u3l1K (1891-1956),
IICCJlCJI,OBaTCnb APKTHKII. ABTop TeOpll1l 06pa30BaHIIJI TCJJ
CoIIHC'IHOH CIICTCMbl1l3 raJonbUlcBOro 06naKa. B 1932 r.
no.n cro PYKOBOJI,CTDOM 3KCnC,IJ:IIl.\IIJI lla nCJI,OKonbHOM
napoxo,IJ:C CII6I1pJlKOB" BncpBble npolllJla CcBCPHblM
MOpcKIiM nyreM 3a O,IJ:HY HaBllral.!lI1O 113 ApxaHreJl'bCKa
B TIIXIfH OKcau. B 1933-1934 rr. OH B03rnanJlJm 3KCnC,IJ:II-
I.!IIIO Ha napOXO,IJ:c qcnJOCKIIH'" B 1937 r. IICCnC,IJ:OBaTCnb
CTaJI Oprallll3aTOpOM nepBoH COBCTCKOH Jl,pefict>YJOlllCH
nOnJipHOH CTIlllUlI1I «CeBcpublH nonlOc-I...
22. ronnanD,cKIIH MopennaBaTenb (1603-1659), IIC-
cnCJI,OnaTCnb AnCTPaJllI1I II OKeaHIIII. OTKpWJ OCTpOB,
Ha3nallllblH B ero '1CCTb. OH YCTIlJlOnH1J, '1TO ABCTpaJIlIJl -
C,IJ:llllblH caMOCTOJlTCnbHblH MaTCpIlK.
23. IIIBcJI,cKI!I1 Y'/eublH (1832-1901), IICCnC,IJ:OBaTCnb
APKTIIKH. B 1878-1879 rr. Ha CY,IJ:HC «Bcra,> BncpBblC
OCYlllCCTBlln CKB03Hoe ruJaBa/lliC (c 3I1MOBKOi-i) ceBCpO-
BOCTO'lHblM npoXOJl,OM 113 ATJlaHTH'ICCKOro OKcaHa B TII-
XIIH.
24. AlIfnllikKIIH MopelUlaBaTCnb (1545-1596), a.nMH-
pall. OH COBcpllllln BTOpoe noene Marcnnalla KpyrocncT-
Hoe lUlaBaHIIC (1577-1580). nlipaTCTBODaJI Y 6CPCroB
Enponblll A1.ICpIlKII. Ero IIMCHCM Ha3nall nponllB, Coe,IJ:lI-
HJllOlllIIH THXIIH II AmaHTII'ICCKIIH OKcaHbl.
25. J13BcCTlIblH MopClUlaBaTCnb, reHy:ncu no npollc-
XO>K.!lCHIlIO (1451-1506). OH CTpCMIUJCJI OTKpbITb MOpC-
KOH nyrb 113 EBponbl B J1IIJlIlIO, lUlblB!I Ha 3ana.n. Y6cJ\lIn
10

HcnaHcKoro KOpoJUI OpraHH30BaTb .ll.1lJI 3TOro 3KCnCD;H-
LlHlO. 80 Bpf'MJllUJaBaHHSJ reflY33CLl ncpeCCK ATJlam"H'ICC-
KIIH OKeali1l Jl.OCTJ.!r bara'l-lCKIIX OCTpOBOB, Ky6bl H fallTll.
Bo BTOpOM nOXOl\c Off OTKPblJl PR.A l\pyrllx OCTpOBOIJ,
B TpCTbCM - l\OCTHr n06Cpe)l(bH lO)I(llOM AMCPHKH,
IJ nOCJlCl\lIeM - 6cperoB UCH'lpaJIbHOH AMepIlKH. BclO
)!{J13flb OTna)f(tlblH MOpJlK 6blJ1 y6c>KL(eH, '!TO Jl.OCTIIr HHJUIII.
26. PyCCKIIH OIPHl.\cp, KanIlTaIl-KOMatl,Q0p PYCCKOro
IPJlOTa, Jl.aT'IalIllH no Ha!.!IIOHaJlbHOCTII (1681-1741). B03-
rJlaBJUIJI nepBYIO II BTOpyro (oHa)l(C BCJlIIKaSJ CcrepHaSJ)
KaM'JaTcKlIc 3KCnCl\IIlUlII; 80' IJpeMJI KOTOpblX o6oUlc.II
6cpera KaM'laTKH, t)'YKOTcKOro nOJlyoCTpoBa, Jl.OCTllr no-
6ePC)I(bJ! CeBcpHoH AMCpHKII, OTKpblJl HCKOTOpblC 113
AnCYTCKHX OCTpOBOB. YMCp 80 BpcMJI 311MOIJKH Ha ocrpo-
BC, n03)j(c tIa3BaHHOM cro IIMCHCM.
27. BC.IIH'laifUlIIH aC'lpoHoM ):(PCBHCH fpC!.!HII (OK. 180
HJlH 190-125 fl'. D;O H. 3.). OH IJBeJl B Hay1' TCpMIIHbl
«rcorpalPlI'leCKaSJ UlllpOTa» H «reorpalPlfIlCCKaSJ Jl.OJlrora..,
Jl.aB 11M TOJlKOBaHHC KaK rp3J\YCHbIM BClIII'lIlHaM C Jl.C.IICHII-
CM OKpy::KHOCTII Ha 360 rp3J\YCOB, C Mllllyra1H H CCKYtlJl,a-
MH KaK Jl.OJlJlMII rp3J\yca. KPOMC roro, 3TOT Y'lCflblH
113BCCTCH lI306peTCHIICM aCTpOJlH61111 - reOAC3WlCCKOro
npH60pa .llIlH H3MepCHHH yrJlOB.
28. HOpre)l(CKIIM 3T1lorpalP, apXCOJlOf, nyrclUCCTBCH-
IIHK (1914), aBTOp mnOTC3bl 3aCCJlCHIIJI OC'lpOBOB nOJlII-
HC3HlI 113 10)l(HOH AMepHKII. OpraflllJaTOp npoCKTOB
«KOH- TIIKlI» , «Pa,>, «THrpIlC». 3aHHMaJlCJI np06jlCMaMII
Jall{HThI MllpOBOro OKcana OT 3arpJl3HCHI1J1.
29. PyCCKHM HmypanllCT, 3TIIorp3ll> IIJl.l1lUJOMaT (1774-
1852), HeMe!.! no npoIlCXO>KL(CtllllO. B 1803-1806 IT. lUJaBa.ll
C H. <D. KPY3ClllllTCPHOM BOKpyr Mblca fOpH IJ nCTponalJ-
JlODCK- KaM'IaTCKlIif H lInoHIlIO, 3aTCM HCCJlCD;OBa.ll Pyc-
CJ<yIO A.,"CpHl<}' H 'lCpc3 OXOTCK DCptlyJlCJI B nCTCp6ypr
cYlUcif; 3aBcplUHB TaKllM 06pa30M KpyrocBCTlIOC nyTClUe-
CTBIlC. B 1821-1828IT. B03/"J1aB.ll!!.IJ PYCCK)'IO KOMIUJCKCHyIO
3KCnCJl.IIl(HIO DO BflyrpeHHIIC paHOHbl bpa3Hllllll.
30. 3TOT PYCCKIIH Y'lellblH, lUBC!.! no npollcxo)t(,UeHII!O
11

(1727-1774), B03rJlaBJlJm Ol\HY 113 m!TI! 3KCnCl\HUIIH no
H3y<ICHIlIO npllpOl\bl, HaCCJlCJIIUl1I X03HiCTBa IOro-3an3,A-
Hb.X paj.jOHOB CIt6I1pH. OH onliCaJI PoIHOro BIl.UOB paCTeHIIH
II )KIIBOTllbIX II Cl\CJlaJI O'lCHb MlIoro .llIlH AaJlbHdlUlCro
pa3BHTHH reorpalpllll KaK HayKII.
31. PYCCKHIf MopCnJlaBaTCJlb, aJJ.MHpaJI (1770- 1 846),
PYKOBOl\HBUlJfH nepBoH pyCCKOH KpyrocBeTHoH 3KcncAlf-
UHCH (1803- 1806) lIa Kopa6J1!lx «Ha.ue)KJ{a'>t! «H eBa». 11M
ony6J11!KOBan l\BYXTO!.1l1bIH «ATJlac IO)KlIoro Mopn» C
KapnlHaMH OC'lpOBon TJfxoro oKcaHa. On HBJlHJlCn 'IJIC-
HOM -y<lpcl\IITCJleM PyCCKOro rcorpa(jm'lccKoro 06wccTBa.
32. I1TaJlb!lHCKIIH l\lIpH)Ka6J1cCTpOHTCJlI>, reHepaJI
(1885- 1 978). BJlHJlCH KOMaHl\lIpOM l\lIplI)Ka6J1H «HopBe-
mH» B 3Kcnel\IIUHH P. A\1YIIl\CeHa (1926). OH PYKOBOl\HJJ
HTaJlb!lllCKOH 3Kcne.QIII.!HeH K Cenepllo!.1Y nOJlJOCY Ha
IlllpmKa6J1c «I1TaJlIIH» (1928).
2. KpunmozpaMMa Om8a:JICHt>te nOMopbH'
JICTO 1743 r. K 3aHCCCHHOMY CHCro!.1 IlImm6eprcIIY
nCTpO!.1 np1l611J10 He6OJ1bUlOe pbl6aUKoc CYl\ClIbIUlKO. Ha
COBCpUlCHHO 6C3JIIOl\HblH 6cpcr COlllJllI '1CTblpe Mj')K'm-
HbI-nOMopa. OHIt HaUlJlII nOJlypa3naJIlloUlYIOCH 1136yUll<}'
H pcUlIIJlH B /lcif nepc>KllaTb HcnorollY. Ha paccnCTc
pbl6aKH 06I1apj')KHJlH nponaJKY IIX yrJloro Kopa6mlKa: cro
nOllxnanmo JlbllaMlIlI, CKOpcC BCCro, yllCCJlO n OTKpblTOe
Mope. JIIOl\1I OCTaJlHCb Ha nycToM 6epery 6e3 3anaCOB ell"
II 6C3 CnapH)KCllmL KaK 6blTb? Y mIx IIMeJlIICb JlHUlb
Tonop, 1I0)K, KOTCJlOK II 'lpyr C orHllnOM. .[(pyme 6bl Ha HX
MeCTC paCTCpHJ1IfCb H BnaJIlI B nail ilK)'. Ho He 3pH 3TH
MY)K'lHllbllla3b1BaJllI Cc6H nOMopaMII! TOJlbKO npellcTaBb-
TC ce6e - 01111 cyMeJlH np0)KHTb B lIelfMOnCpllo TPYl\lIbIX
ycnoBIIHx B TC'ICHlle UlCCTII JlCT. 01l1II H3 llllX YMep,
3a6OJleB 1.!lIIroj.j, a OCTaJlbllblX B 1749 roilY nOl\06paJIo
cnY<laHIlOe CYl\HO IIIl0CTIlBlIJlO K POl\HblM 6cpcraM.
KTO )KC 6bl'1H 3TH Oma)KHble JlIOl\II? I1cTOpllH COXP.'l-
mma IIX HMCHa, II ceH'lac Y Bac CCTb B03MO)KIIOCTb
12

n0311aKOMHTbCH C OTnaJKHblMH nOMOpalH, JKIIBUlHMH Ha
CCBCpe POCCIII B nCpnOH nonoBimc XVIII BCKa.
PaCUllIlPPYHTe KpllnTorpa!.IMY II nOCTapaHTecb 3a-
nOMHHTb :ny MyJKeCTBe/lHYJO 'ICTBCP;Y, He nOTCpHDllly10
CHnblllyxa B CYPOBblX ycnoBHHX.
npll paCUlHlPpoBKC onllpaHTCCb Ha 3Ha'IC/lIIH KJlIO'le-
BblX cnon:
a) 4, 2, 5, 1,4, II - cpllrypHaH nHHciiKa 1IJTH Bbl'ICP-
'lHBatlHH KplfDblX mUIHH;
6) 8, 9, 10,2, 17, I - HeocYUlccTDlIMaH, Hec6bITO'lllllil
II cTpaHHaH Me'lTa;
D) 18, 17, II, 15, 13 - 06palUCHilaH K npOTlfBIIIIK)'
CTopOHa 6ocBoro pacnOnOJKCHIIH DOHCK; _
r) 6, 9. 3 - cCBcpllaH.npO\lblCJlO&1H pbl6a H3 CCMCH-
CToa nococenblx;
1\) 16, I, 14, 5, I - ronoBHoH y60p;
e) 7, II, 19 - XHMII'lCCKOC BClUeCTBO 'Iepllo-ceporo
UBCTa, pacTnopOM KOTOpOro nonb3YIOTCH B MC1\HUHlle 1IJTH
06c33apIDKIIBaHliH pall;
JK) 12, 2, 19, 17, II - cocY1\ UHnll/l1\pH'lCCKOH qx,pMbl
C pyqKOH B BlilIC llyJKJ<1I 1IJTH flOllieHIIH JKlIlIKOCTCH IInll
cblny<lIIx MaTepHaJlOB.
13

3. BUICmopUlw nepBoomICpblBameA.U"
I. Bcc Bbl 3t13CrC 0 pYCCKaM nyrcllJCCTBCHHIIKC All>a-
Hacml HIIKHTHHC, KOTapblH ncpBblM 113 poCCHfm npallJen
II OnHCaJI JifHll.IlIO. A B KaKHX 'laCTJ!X CBCTa n06blBaJI
All>aHaclIH? qTO 3Ta 3a «rpll MOpJ!", 0 KOTOpblX 011
paCCKa3b1BaCT B CBOIIX 3aMCTKax?
2. CBC1\cmIJl 0 KaKoii 3KcnC1\lIlum 1\OllJnH 1\0 Hac 113
Jl.peBIlCHIlJIIX BpCMCH? KTO 6blJl CC OpraHH3aTOpoM?
3. Bcc Bbl 31laere, !eTa II KOma OTKpblJl A1.lcpm:y. Ho B
1%4 r. KOlirpecC CiliA npll311aJ1 OTKpblTlle HOBoro CDCTa
XpHCTO<PopOM KallYM60M JIHllJb BTOpblM, a nO'IecTIi ncpoo-
OTKpblBaTCnJl 003ll0)!(JU! Ha COOCCM Jl.pyroro nyreIlJCCTDCn-
HHKa. KTO JKC 3TOT 'lenOBeK? qTO BblO HCM MO)f(CTC CKaJaTh?
4. ::nOT aTOaJKHblH 'lenOBCK 60ncc 30 nCT COOCH JKII31111
nOCDiITlU! nOXO.1laM II fUlaBaHHJlM. OH 3aHIIMaJlC!lllCCJlCl\O-
BaHIICM no6cpeJKbJ! CCBepHOro J1cl\aBIIToro OKeaHa, ncp-
BbiM o60myn BOCTO'lH)'lO OKOllC'lHOCTb MIIH 11 OTKpbUJ
npOJlIIB, KOTOpblH OTJl.CJlJlCT Millo OT AMCpHKII. KTO OH?
5. Ero nyrCIlJCCTBlle Ha'laJIOCb B aBryCTc 1842 r. 3a
BpeWl, npoBCJl.CHHOC B nyrn no TCppHTOp1l1l 10KoHa, OH
cYMell onpcl\cnllTb IlJllpory lIl\onra1)' 16-TH TO'ICK, 113Y'111Tb
Jl.Ba npHTOKa 10KoHa. KpoMC Taro, 3TOT 'lCnOOCK nOCTOJ!H-
HO OCTpC'laJICJI C KOpCHHblMII )f(1ITeJ!J!MII CeBCpHOH AMCPIl-
KII. Ha30BIITC HMJI ccro OTBaJKJIOrO 3CMJ1CnpOxollua.
6. BcnoMHIITC, KTO pyKOOOlllUl ncpooH pyCCKOH Kpyro-
CDCTIIOH 3KCncl\HUlfcii. .Qeno B TOM, '!TO OH Jl.anyCTIUI 01lJH6-
KY, Karop}'lO BnOCJlCl\CTDIIII IIcnpaBlin JJ.PyroH HC MCHCC
113BCCTHblH PYCCK!iH nyreIlJCCTDCHHIIK. 0 KOM J.W.CT ()C'lb?
7. PaHo Mil n03l\HO, no B pyKII Ka)l(Jloro IIIITCpecy-
IOU(CroCJ! reonOfllCH 'lCnOBCKa nOn3l\alOT Kllllrll «3aHH-
MaTCJ1bHaJi MIIHCpaJIOrIlJl» II «3aHIIMaTCnbHaii reOXHMIIJI».
A HanHCaJI IIX 113BCCTHbU1 Y'lCHblH, COBCpllJHBIlJHH nyre-
IlJCCTBHC Ha YPaJI, A1rraH, B 3a6aHKaJlbC, CCBCPHyJO
MOHroJlIlIO, KPblM, tla KaBKa3. C cro IIMCHCM CBJl3aHO
OTKpbITIIC KpynHoro MCCTOpo)I(JICHIIJI nonc3Haro IICKona-
CMOro. Ha30BHTc (l>al>lllnlllO 3TOro Y'lCHOro.
14

8. npllUlno BpeMJI, H Mbl Ha'!HeM ncpBYIO nonbm<y
pyCCKIIX l\OCTlI'!b CeoepHoro nomoca. TpYl\aMII PYCCKIIX
B HCTOpHIO IICCnen;OBaIUIJI CeBepa onllcallbl BaJKHCHUlHe
cTpalillUbI, POCCHJI MO)j(CT roPl\HTbCJlIIMH. Tcnepb Ha Hac
nC)j(IIT OTIJeTCTBCHHOCTb OKaJaTbCJll\OCTOHHblMH npcCM-
HIIKaHI H3UllfX HccnCIlOBaTeneH CeDcpa».
KaK Bbl IlYM3CTC, KOM)' npHH3.QJle)j(aT 3TH cnOBa?
o KaKOH 3KCnCl\IIUIIII lIJJ.eT pC'!b?
9. fcorpacpll'!ccKIIC OTKpblTHJI nOlI CHJl)' He TOJlbKO
\1j')K'illllaM, HO II )j(eHlllIIHaM. KTO H3 PYCCKIIX )j(CHlllIIH
oOUlen B IICTOpll1O reorpacpllH?
4. KPOCCBOpiJ ..OcBoeHue ApKmUICU&
'III'IIIIII,
13
15
I. OmuHblH nOJlJlpllblH IICCJleIlOBaTenb; nOlI cro PY-
KOBOl\CTBOM UlBeJJ,CKaJl3KCnCl\IIUIIJllla napycHo-napoBOM
UlXYHC Bera" ImepBblC B HCTOpll1l \IOpCnnaBaHHJI COBCp-
15

unma CKB03HOC nnasaHllc CCBCpHblM MOpCKHM nyreM
C 3anan.a Ha BOCTOK.
2. 3KCneJI.IILUU! non; PYKOBOl\CTBOM :JToro KallMua
D 1940-1942 rr. Ha ncrKoil MOTOpllOil WXYHC «CCHT- POK»
BncpBblC npOIlJJla CCBcpo-3ana1I.HblM npoxon;OM C 3anan.a
lIa BOCTOK.
3. PYKOBOl\IITCnb nln;porpaiPwlccKoii ::JKcnCJJ.uuml,
KOTopaH B 1914-1915 rr. Ha ncn;OKonbllblX napOXOJl,ax
«TailMblp" II «Bai1ra'l» coocpwllna ncpooc CKB03HOC lUla-
BaHHC CCBCpHblM MOpCKIIM n}'TCM B 06paniOM lIanpaBnc-
mill - C BOCTOKa Ha 3anaJI.
4. I1TaJlbHHCKHH nOJlHpllblil HCCJlcn;OBaTcnb, KOIICT-
PYKTOP l\1'lpmKa6J1CH, COBCplllHBlllHH B 1926 r. ncpBblH
YpaHCapKTII'lCCKIli1 nCpCJlCT '[CPC3 Ccocpllblfl nOJllOC IJMC-
CTC C HOpBCJKCKIIM nOnJlpllHKOM PyaJICM AMYIIn;CcIlOM.
S. lllBClICKHH HHJKCHCP, TparH'lCCKH nom6111uil npl!
nOnblTKC BncpBblC l\OCTII'lb CCBCpHOro nOJiloca lIa 003-
l\YWHOM mapc «Open» (1897 r.)
6. 3HaMcllIITblflllopBCJKCKlliI nOJlJIpHblilllccnCD;osa-
TCJlb, BncpBblC npc.llIlOJKIIBIllHH npOBOJlIITb Ha6nlOl\CHIIJI
o APKTII'lCCKO!.1 6aCCCHIIC C n;pciiiPylolUHx nb,llOB.
7. COTPYlIInIK ncpBOH B MllpC CODCTCKOil lIa}"IHO-
IIccncJJ.ooaTCJlbCKOii CTaHUHII «CCOCpllbIH nOJiIOC- h lIa
l\pCi1(YIOIUCH nb,!(I-IHC; PYKoBOllI!TCnC\1 :noro npOCKTa
6b1n 11. D.. DanaHIIH.
8. COBCTCKlIiI nOJlHpHIIK, l\OKTOp rcorpaclJU'lCCKIIX
lIaYK; C 1924 r. - pa1I.IICT nonHpllblx cTaHuIIH, B TOM 'lIIcnc
II «CCBCpHblil nonlOc-I...
9. PyccKuiI neT'IHK, KOTOpblil 21 aoryCTa 1914 r.
BncpOblC COBcpllllfn nonCT HaJI apKTH'lCCKIIMII MOpHMII B
nOHCKax nponaBlllci1 3KcnCl\IIUIIH r. . CCl\OBa, nbiraB-
lllCroCH 1I0CTH'lb CCBcpllOro nOJilOca.
10. bblBllllIH oclJuucp BOCHHO-\10pCKOro iPJ10Ta ClllA,
ncpBblM 1I0CTlfflllllH CCIJCpllOro nOJ1lOca (I anpcnH 1909 r.)
II. COBCTCKHH nCT'lIfK, COBCplllllOWHii nCpIJblil B HC-
TOpUII 'lCnOBC'ICCTBa 'lpaIiCapKTH'ICCKlliI ncpcnCT 'ICpe3
CCBCpllblH nonlOc Ha caMonCTC AHT-25.
16

12. ATOMHblH JlCJI,OKOJl, KOTOpblH 17 aBryCTa 1977 r.
BncpOblC B IICTopnn n31J.B011110ro nJlaBaHHH J],OCTllf CCBCp-
HOro nomOC3, npCOl\OIlCB 3824 MHJlH (113 Hl-IX nplfMcpHO
1200 MlIllb DO Jlbl\3X).
13. COBCTCKIIHJlCT'IIIK, nCpBblM 113 PYCCKIIX n06bmaB-
Illllii 1IaJJ. TO'lKOIi CCBCpliOro nOmOC3 (1937 r.) npll nOI1-
fOTOBKC K BblCaJlKC 3KCnCl\IH.UUl «CCOCpHblii nOJlloc-l».
14. Ha3BallJIC aMcpHKallcKoH nOl\oOIlHOH JlOI1KJI, co-
BCpllllIBIllCii BCJlCl\3a «HaYfllJlycoM" (aMepllKaHcKoii nOl\-
BOI1HO!1 JlOAKOH) nODJICl\HOC nJl3BaHHC K CCBCPHOMY no-
mocy 0 1958 r.
15. CoBCTCKllii JlCT'IHK, BncpOblC 0 MllpC COBCpIllHB-
Illilii nOCaJJ.Ky (1941 r.) lIa nOJllOcc OTIlOCHTeJlbllOii IIC-
l\ocrynHOCTIf.
5. KpunmopaMMa "OmKpbtmue
ENT1J/tRADBWA2HS3T03n 1050FBGC
Y6H7AIPVT8C, J/t9010BDC J/t11A1PWK,
10506BNC YRPDOH IHIIVJ.1 Y9KIHV014SENPI
EGH bFC11ESTDJ/t19096, ORTF4 bl8117A6M
J.1VTD3 J.1NKWWRY2PS01r J.17I1VJ.1 1i16KG45EVP,
bW.Q4EDB 3FJ.1 ONr10S1111A10M
T9E8ARTDCFA7P6blWB ELOXW5b7I1DOS6.
PacllllI!l>poBaB 3T1I CTpOKII, Bb! CMOJKCTC y3HaTb, 'ITO
AyMaJlII30CCTHblH MIIlICpaJIOf A. E. <t>cpCMall 0 n0311allllll
Tailll - 60JlblllllX II MaJlCHbKIIX - pOD;HOro KpaH.
6. Pe6yc "llpeanoA.o:J/CeHue llUlpaopa
KOIlC'IIIO, BeC Bb] 3HaCTC, 'ITO KOfl\a-TO - a IIMCHIIO
B VI nCKC Jl,0 H. 3. - JKIIJI1I3BCCTHblii MaTCMaTIIK nHiParop.
.!la, l\a, TOT caMblH, '1bll «IllTaHbI BO BCC CTOpOHbI paBHb!>}.
Ho OH 3allllMaJlCH tiC TOJlbKO M3TCMaTIIKoii. nll!l>aropa
IIHTCpCCOBaJIa II reorpa!l>ml. I1MCHHO B ::nOH 06J1aCTIi OH
17

II Cl\CJlaJI IIHTCpeCHCMUlCC npel\nOJlmKCIIHC. KaKOc? 06
3TOM Bbl Y3/1aCTC, paCUlHCppOBaB pe6YC.
G:lPlr
  A. 
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7"  wwe
J' 1 e y E
18

r n 3, 4, E.1.5 lA X
' ECf 1u CM / VI
w " 11 M'
3, 2 2, 1
p=3 lt . H I>f11t 
..  '-, . 
,..
6:1 .::/' e '
A . tlj 6bITb
.W ..
19

7. KpunmoepaMMa "nymew.ecmBue">
)f(CJlaHIIC nyrclllccTBOBaTb Ii OTKpbIBan HOBblC 3CMJlII
npllCYlliC HC TOJlbKO OCHIIKHM I1CCJlC.1\00aTCJlHM. )Ja)!(c
n03Tbl IIC npO'lb OTnpaBIITbCH B HCBC.1\OMbIC .1\aJll1... Pac-
lllHcjJpoBaB KpllnTorpa!>IMY, Bbi npO'!lU3CTC CTjJOKIi 113
113DCCTHOi\ n03MbI A. T. TBap.1\OBCKOro «3a .1\aJlblO .1\aJlb».
12 4 5 18 ,.. 11 7 2" 13 2 23 13124 11 I 2 ,..,
1 3 5 12 21 12 4 5 7 10 25 P":
6 11 10 15 1 3 4 9 2 5 18 4 24 
4'" 22 12 4 5 2 ,.. 7 11 2 17 18 I"';
11 13 3 16 6 25 ,..: 4 10 11 12 5 18 ,.
4 12 20 12 I"" 15 2 ,.. 22 12 4 5 12 I"';
17 10 4 5 2 5 18 ,.. 6 20 13 2 5 15 6 ...1
9 2 17 12 15 11 2 13 18 

 A_.-c.........   I
t"" -=;;.+' ""'2.: t
: . i" - _ / :::::- -, ---.. Ai1i{,
... ""': "../_ - '.. V .
ECTCCTBCHHO, 'ITO .D.J1H pa60Tbi HM )Toi1 rOJlOOOJlO!>I-
Koii DaM nOHM06HTCH DOT 3TH KJlIO'!CObIC CJlOBa:
a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 10,25 - PYCCKHH COBCTCKIIH
nllCaTCJlb (1892-1968), M3CTCp rmpl1'lccKOii np03bl, 3B-
TOp KHllfJl «30JlOTaH p03a» II paCCKa33 «KOp311 Ha C CJlOBbl-
Mil llllllllKaMII»;
6) II, 12, 13, 14,2,7, 10, 15 - 113BCCTHblH PYCCKIIH
R03T (1743-1816), npe)1CTaBIITCJlb KJlaCCIIl1l13M3, aDTOp
,,(j)cmlllbl», "BCJlbMO)!(II') lIT. )1.;
D) 16, 6, 16, 6, 17, 18 - PYCCKllii m-{caTCJlb (1809-
1852), aBTOp «BC'lCpOB Ha xyropc 6m13 )JHKaHbKII»;
r) 20, 17, 6, 19, 2 - Ha3BallJIC npoll3BC)1ellllH
H. C. flecKooa;
20

...
.11.) 1,3,21,9,10, 15-n03T(1799-1837),pO.llOHa'laJIb-
llllK 1l0BOi! PYCCKOH JlIITepa-rypbl, C03J.(aTCJlb PYCCKoro
JIIITCpa-rypHoro H3b1Ka;
e) 9, 2, 13, 2, 22, 23, 10, 15 - flIiCaTeJlb, IICTOpHK
(1766-1826), OCIIODOnOJlmKlIlIK PYCCKOro ceHTIIMCHTa-
JlII3Ma;
)!() 24, .15 - PyccKufi COBeTCKIIH nllCaTeJlb (1874-
1954), aBTOp lICTOPII'lcCKOi'l TpliJIOrll1l «HallJCCTOlle MOH-
roJ10D».
8. KpunmoepuJlllIla "fl.lWBUHUe'l'>
PaCllJucjJpoBaB:ny KpllnTorpaMMY, ubi np0'lTCTC XO-
POllIlli'l COBeT Py.n.aKH mo60MY 'ICJ10BCKY (a He TOJlbKO
nyrcIllccTDeHHIIKY!), KOTOPblfi OC1)'11aeT B )!(U3I1b.
LJ:J1H pCIllCHlUI roJlOOOJlOMKII onllpafiTCCb Ha cJle.uy-
IOlllliC KTlIO'ICBbIC CJJOBa:
a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 - rpy:mtlCKHH nroT XII OCKa,
aBTop BeJlII'laHllleH n03Mb] MIlPOBOH JlIITCpa-rypb] «BIIUl3b
IJ TllrpOBOH IllKYpe»;
6) 10, II, 12, 13, 9, 14 - Bcn xYJIO)!(eCTBeHHM
JlUTepaTypa B OTJlII'IIIC OT HCXY.llO)!(CCTDClHlOH;
e
/{ :. .
15 9
113 8
113 11
9 13
21

B) 15, 5, 16, 17, 7, 8, 18, 19, 4, 5, 15 - PYCCKIII1
COBCTCKIIH n03T (1891-1944), npc.n:CTaOIlTeJIb aKMCII3Ma,
aBT9P C60pHIIKa «KaMcHb» Ii .n:p.;
r) 20, 5, 4, 21, 22 - Ha3BaHllC pOMaHa B. HHa,
BOllie,nruero B 1pIUJOfUIO «HallJccTnJ.1c iOHronOB»-; ...
.n:) 23, 24, 25, 7, 8, 18,20,7,23,7, 1 - PYCCKIIH no:n,
.n:cKa6pHCT (1797-1846), .n:pYT A. C. nYllJKHHa;
c) 26, 5,16, 1-IICTOplI'ICCKII CJIO)!(IIBllJCCC BHyrpCH-
ncc no.n:pa311CJICHUC BO BCCX BII.aax IICKYCCTBa.
9. FO.lWBO.llOMKa .Co6epu KBaapam'l'>
C06CPIITC 113 npCJJ:IIO)!(CHHbIX BaM c1JparMcllTOB KB3l\-
paT, '1T06b! B ropI\30HTaJlbtlbiX pmIaX 'IHTaJll1Cb IIMCHa
3Ha'ICHlITbIX nyrCllJCCTBCHHIIKOB II MopcnnaBaTCJICH.
10. FO.llOBO.llOMKa .Be.llulwJI ceBepllaJl
3KcneaUl{UJI'I'>
Ha'llma C OnpcllCJIClltloi'l 6}'KBblll '1I1Ta no 'IaCOOOH
CTpCJIKC (nponycKa onpc.aCJICHHOC KO,111'ICCTBO 6YKB),
Bbl CMO)!(CTC Y3HaTb c1JaMIUlllli HCKOTOpblX }"IaCTHIIKOB
:)101'[ 3Ha'\1CHHTOH 3KCnC)lIlLlIIII.
22

..
11. FO.lWBO.lWMIW "nymewecmBeHHuKw,
ITcpclJ; BaMH nmb pc6yco13 II KB!I,!:\p3T 5 na 5 KJ1CTOK.
,- Ballla 33l\3'l3'- pa3r!l,!:\aTb PC6YCbl II non}"lCHHblC cnoBa
BnncaTb B ropl130HTaJlH npHMoyronbllllKa. Ecnll B31l111
OTIJCTbl OK3>K)'TCfI ncpHblMH, TO no JIUarOHaJllI KB!I,!:\paTa
13M npo'lTc-re IIMH CllIC OliHOro H3BCCTHoro nyrelllcCTBCH-
HIIKa.
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npJ!JlloyeoJlbHuK'I'>
Ecnll HaliTII npaBHnbHblH cnoc06 'ITClllIH, TO n :no",
npHMoyrOJlbllHKC MOJKHO OTblCKaTh BoceMb c1JaMHnlflili3-
BCCTHblX nyrclllecTBCHHIIKOB II IIccne.n:OBaTcnCH. KaK'!
nOlly"taHTC!
 ._, ",-:;t. ..:... __ .. r.P<. '?-c; ._..... 
::- J/. ;,,l(#. "'" "   :=-'..
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24

13. MaeU'leCKUU Kpye "MOpenllaBamellu'I'>
Ha'iIlHa!1 C mo6ofi 6}'KObl Ii '1I1TaH '1CPC3 OllHY, BbI
C:'IO)!(CTC }'3l1aTh IIMClla caMblX 113BCCTHbiX MopCIDIaBaTCJ1cfi.
14. 3aiJa'la 01111 coo6pa3UmellbHblX
"nponollume CmpO'lKU'I'>
BbI'lCpKII}'B In nOMClllCHHblX 311eCb CTjJOK reorpmjm-
'1CCKIIC Ha3BaHIIH, Bbi npO'lTCTC HMcua 10 nyrCllJCCTIJCII-
HIIKOB. KCTaTII, ncpBOC CJ1000 }')ICC HaHJIClio.
..
1. K0J1aMepYIofKM5a
2. KAHYK,lI,bl
3. .QY(ME>KHEB
4. TEM.QPE3AK
5. CKI1H.QI1OTT
6. WMnCKI1.QTOB
7. J1AnAJ1.QAHTEB
8. MAJ1bIKI1EBrI1H
9. KYEPPCKMAK
10. rY.Q33P110H
25

IS. tPUJlBOpa .,5,.
BbUlemrre H3 CCTKII cjJl.UIBop,[m 15 flHTII6YKBeHHblx
l}>aMIIJlIIH nyrelllecTBeHHIIKOD.
AH.QPE
5AHKC
rPAHT
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.QEBI'1C
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EPMAK
K0J1b5
KOHTI'1
KY.QPO
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nA!:1EP
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E A A K 0 H T " A
n PAC K 0 T T r H
A M K 0 n b 6 A A A
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E K 0 E
P A E
n " T K E A C M n
K V A POP E n r
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E P A
6 A H K C P P H
V M H r M T
APE  K A E B " C
A A B " A n b M
16. KpunmozpaMMa
(JCBUaemeJlbCmBO repoaoma.
C .aPCDlI1fX BpCMClllle YTaCaJllIIlTCpCC mo.n:eH K HOBblM
3eMJUlM, JlCJKallLlIM 3a OKcaHCKIIMH npOCTopaMII. «1>lIIm-
KlIlillbl - IICI-.'}'cHeHulIfc MOpHKII cBoero OpeMClI1I - Ha
CBOliX yrJlblX Cy.aCHbll1lKaX OTBaJKIIBaJlliCb BbIXO.aIlTb B
MOPC. 'lTOGbI npOJlOJKIITb HOBble Maplllpyrbl K IlCli3BeCT-
HblM OCTpOBaM H MaTcpllKaM.
Pacllllil}>poBaB :ny KpllflTOrpaMMY. Bbl CMOJKe-re Y3-
HaTb 06 oprallH3aUIIH ncpBoro napycHOro noxo.n:a BOKpyr
AcjJPHKH, KOTOpyro B .apCBHOCTII IIMC!lOOaJIlI JIIIBIICIi.
A paccKa3bIDacT !laM 06 3T0'\1 .apcBHerpe'leCKlllilicTOPIIK
26

I 813 11 10 9 18 5 411':' 25 18 4 ,.. 12 8 11 81191
9 4 " 11 9 10 15 ,.. 9 18 4 7 4 5
P 4 6 7 17 27 10 5 1 " 2 4 7 10 2
3 1 ,. 8 9 6 12 23 25 10 5 8 10 2
18 4 13 4'" 2 10 9 18 1'-; 13 22 10
P'4 5 1P' 13 7 1 5 8 25 8 18 P' 9r1
1 3 8 10 24 po: 29 18 4'"
14 18 6 7 21 18 8 10 ,.. 9 22 10 12 1 12 PI
28 1 7 1 4 5 ,. 5 10 15 4"-;
4 5 P' 9 5 1 7 19 22 8 12 P'
8 4 7 1 14 12 8P 9'"
28 8 5 8 6 8 24 20 1 2 8
8 4 18 4 7 21 10 " 22 4 12 27 5 21
14 21 12 8" 22 4 24 18 8"- 18 4 22
18 1 7179 1 2 8" 22 4"
13 10 7 8 17 12 10 9 4 11 21 15
9 18 4 12 14 4 11 " 8'"
111 10 7 5 17 18 26 9 19 " 11 ""
...19 7 110 22 8 3 10 2 5 4 10 "'2 41 7 10rl
rCpOJIOT, nanncaDlllllf'l 0 nnaBaHlI1I cPlIlIlIKllfillCB B 450 r.
JIO H. 3.
TIPII pa60re HaD. ronoDOnoMKOH Da1 nmlOryr TOJlKO-
BaHIIH CnCJIYlOllUIX reOrpacjJWlCCKUX na3DaIlIIH:
a) 1, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, ( - BCJlII'I3HIlHUI no '\1HOrolJO,n:-
HOCTII pCKa IO:n<IlOH AMCPIIKII;
6) 4, 7, 8, 5,4,6,4 - pCKa, HccYlllaH CBOIf BO,n:bl no
TCppUTOpHHM BCHccY3nbi Ii KOJlYM61111 II BnanalOlllM
B A maHTII'ICCKllf'l OKcan;
D) 9, 10,5, (- pCKa DO <I>paJlUII II , DnanalOlllaH BnpOJllm
fla-MaHlll;
"- r) 1 t 4 12, 13, I - KpynneMwaSI B EBponc peK-\
POCCIIII;
27

.1\) 14, 7, I, 15, 2, I, 16, 17, 18, 7, I - peKa,
npo-reKalOlliaH no -reppmoplIHM KuTaH, BlUHm. banrna-
.l\Cllla U BnMalOlliaH B DCHraJlhCKIIH 3aJ1110;
c) 19,5,20,3,21 - Cal>taH JJ:IIIHlHaH pCKa B Eupa31111,
IICCYlliaH CBOH BO.l\bl no -reppllTOpllll KJiTaH;
)K) 22, 4, 5 - pCKa B eBponeilcKoH '13CTH POCCHII,
BnMalOlllaH B TaraHporcKIIH 3aJ111B A300cKoro MOpH;
3) II, 8, 12, 23, 24 - pCKa na 3anMe BOCTO'IIIOH
CII6I1Pli, JlCBblH npllTOK JIeHbl;
II) 25, 17, 12, 21, 2 - pCKa B 3anMHOH ClJ6I1pH,
06pa3ycMaH CRlljlllllCM peK beJlblH H qCPHbIH BlOc;
. K) 4, 14, 26 - pCKa B 3anMHoii C1I611pll, 06pa3ycMaH
C,lI1HIIIIC!>1 KaTj'IIH II bUll lIa ArITae; BnMaCT B KapcKOO
\IOPC;
JI) 27,8, 17 - pCKa B PYMblllllll. JleBblH npIIToKL{yllaH;
M) 28, 7, 10,24,3, 10,7 - peKa B KallMc, OnMalOI.llaH
u TIIXIIH OKcan;
II) 29, 2, 9 - peKa B TcpMallllll, npOTCKalOl.llaH no
CeucpO-rCpMaHcKoH 111I3MCHHOCTH II nnMalOlliaH u Ce-
BcpIIoe Mope.
17. C/JUJlBOpiJ "YepBoe nymew.ecmBue KYKU">
B 3TOM (jJliJIBOp.l\e «cnpmaHO» 17 CROB - na3Balllli'l
npC.I\CTaollTeJlcH (jJJlOPbl II (jJaYlIbl ABCTpan II II. ECJlH Bbi
npamUlbllO Bbl'lCpKIICTC IIX, TO OCTaDlllllCCH 6YKUbi (no
rOpn30HTaJlHM) n03BOJlHT Ba\1 npO'lIlTaTb na3BaHnc KO-
pa6J1H ( 0 ncpBO'1 nJlaBaHlIII) II HMH caMoro nyrclllccTBeH-
1lI1Ka.
3 6YKBbi 6 6YKB 7 6YKB
KI1T EXI1J:\HA KEHryPY
5 6YKB KAKAJ:\Y YTKOHOC
AKYJ1A KBAKWA 8 6YKB
5EJ1KA KPOJ1I1K MYPABbEJ:\
KOAlIA MAHrPbl 3BKAJ1l1nT
KPblCA CTPAYC
28

9 6YKB 10 6YKB
1H1POXBOCT nEPECMEWHI1K
:3 Ii1 bl P r H A M n H
K B A E B W C 0 Ii1 K
E P K A K 0  A p K
H E  A H A E 0 0 Ii1
r M B 0 n b n C' x H
y K K Y B Ii1 K K B W
P T K A K A n Ii1 0 E
Y A P 0 H Y Y T C M
K Y Ii1 A A 1J. H A T C
M E Ii1 K A n B 0 P E
A x n K  E A  M P
E E A A C bl P K C E
6 K K C y A P T C n
18. rO.flOBO.flOllu<;a "CnpJ!maHHoe UMJ!»
3noxy BCJlIIKIIX rcorpa<IJlI'lCCKHX OTKpblTUH OTKpblBa-
no nyrclllccTBIIC MapKo ITono. Bcnc.l\ 3a IIlfM Mllonre
OTBa)!(HbIC MOpCnJlaBaTCnll pCllJllnllCb BblHTII B Hell3Be-
29
I
L

l{allHblC npOCTOpbl OKCaHa. CpelIli BIIX 6blJl0 MIIOro nop-
TYraJIbUCB, BbIXOl(UCB 113l1c60nblIIOrO COponCllcKoro rocy-
lIapCTBa. TIo C'IaCTJlIIBOMY CTC'ICHIlIO 06cronTCnbCTB 0
TIopT)TaJllIli 0 3TO BpCMJI npaBl1Jlnpmlll fCllpHX (1394-
1460), KOTOpblll MHoronCTHIIMl1 ynopHbl1II YCllJIlinMII
CYMcn OTKpbITb lIOPOry Ha TamlCTI3CHllbiM BOCTOK, XOTIj
caM... IIC yqacTooBaJI HII B OlIHOM nyrcrucCTOIIII. TIpOCTO
OH c06'paJI npll 1I.00pC MHO)f(CCTOO Y'iCHbIX, aCTpOHOMOO,
KapTorpa<poB, MopcnnanaTCncH II IICKYCHblX McxaHIIKOO.
'IT06bl OHII Mornll npllnO)f(IITb CBOII 3HaHIIJI Ha nonb3Y
rocYlIapCTBa. TIpllllu C YBa>KCIlIICM OTIIOClInCn K CYpOIlTC-
,1S!M 6blCYpOXQIlHblX Kopa6ncit - KapaBcnn - II BCJI'ICCKII
nOOlupS!n IIX. OH nOCblJl3JI Cooll cYlIa B.u.onb 6cpcrOB
3arra,11l/0H A<PPIlKlIlIO TCX nop, nOl(a KanllTaHbl HC 1I.0no-
iKllJIlI CMY 06 OTKpblTIIII MopcKoro ITyrIl 0 J1HlIlllO.
3a CBOIO .nCHTCJlbHOCTb npliHU rCllpllX nonY'illn oco-
60c np03BlIw.C II roplIlIJICS! 11M. KaKOC? Ero Bbl MO)f(CTC
Y3HaTb, onllcao B ropll30HTaJlII ronOOOJlOMKII Ha30aHIIS!
HCKoropblX npclICTaBIITcnCIl <pnOpbl II <PaYHbl a<PPIlKaHC-
KOro KOHTIIHCHTa. B cnyqac npaBllnbHoro BblllOJlHCHIIS!
3aJ1aHIIIl 6YKBbl 0 BCPTIIKaJlbHOH ObI.D:cnCHHOH KonOHKC
06pa3YlOT np03BIlw.C nopTYraJIbCKOro nOKpom-rrCJlS! MOpC-
1(O.u.OB.
I. KpYllHaS! '1cnOOCK006pa3HaS! 06C3bJlHa, 06l1Talo-
W.3H 0 UCHTPaJIbHOi! A<PPllKC 2. TIpe.u.cTaBlITcnb CCMci!-
CTBa nony06c3bJlII OTpJl.u.a npllMaToB cwmlloH TCna OT 13-
2S CM lIO 50 CM. 3. KpynHoc MnCKOmlTalOw.cc C Jl.IlIIHHblM
X060TOM II lJ.BYMIl 6I1BHS!MII. 4. A<pPIlKaHcKoc >KBa'IlIOC
JKIIBOTHOC C O'lCHb J.VlIIIllIOH IIICCH II Jl.IlIIHHblMli Iloram
S. XIIW.HOC IJICKOmrraIOJUCC lO)f(HblX CYpaH, nIlTaIOw.CCCJI
nan.aJlblO. 6. TIPCl{CTaBlITCnb pOlIa KpOooCOcyuu.tXlIBYKPbl-
IlblX HaCCKOMblX CCMCIICTBa rnoccltll J.VlIIHOIl 9-14 MM.
06HTalOw.IIH B YponllKax II cy6YponllKax A<PPIlKII; ncpc-
HOC'lIlK B036YlIIITCnCH COHHOH 60nC3HlI II "HaraHbl» (60-
IlC3Hb nOIllan.ci! II KpynHoro poraToro cKom). 7. TITllua
CCMci!cTBa allcroo BblCOTOit 110-150 CM C ronoooi! II
IIIccit, nOKpblTblMII ncrKliM nYXOM, II MaCCI-IDllbiM KJlIO-
30

80M; 06l1TaCT Y BOllOCMOB lIJlII CpC,l\1I 60JlOT, mrraCTCH
rnaBHblM 06pa30M nauaJIblO. 8. BOllHOC XIlIUHOC npecMbl-
KalOlUCCCn lIJIliHoif llO 7 MCTpOB, 06l1TaCT B pCKax. 03Cpax
II 60JloTax A<PPllKli. 9. )!(IJa'lHOe napHOKonblTHOC )f(lJOOT-
Hoe lIJIlIHoif llO 3, 6 M; OllOMalIlliCHO; CylUcCTBYCT llBa
BlIlla: llpoMcllap II 6aKTpllaH. 10. HcnapHoKonbITIIOe)f(lJ-
BOTHOC pOlla JlolIlaLIcif C OpllfllHaJlbHOif OKpaCKOif -
'ICPCllYlOlUlIMIICJI TeMHblMII II CBCTJlblMli nOJlOCaMII
II. 06c3W1l1a pOlla }'3KOIIOCbIX, 06I1TalOlIIan B caBaHHOBblX
Jlccax II caBaHHax A<PPIlKII; BCeHlllla5l, OCllCT Ha3CMHblif
06pro >K1I3HII. 12. TIpcllCTaBlITCJlb cCMcifCTBa OKcaHII'ICC-
KIIX IITIIU OTpSllla 6ypeOCCTilliKOB lIJIlIHoif llO 1,5 M
II C KpblJlb!IMlI, llOCTIlralOlUlIMli 0 pa3Maxc llO 4,5 M
31

13. PaCTCHliC pO.l1a MHOroJlCTlIlIX Tj)aB, pacryll.\CC B YpOnll-
Kax II cy6TponllKax A<PPIlKII; nJlO.l1bl cbc.I106l1bl, CO.l1Cp)KaT
HO 16% caxapOB. 14. KpynHoc XHll.\HOC )KIIBOTHOC lI3
cCMcifcTBjI KOlIla'lbllX C KOpOTKOH )KCJlTOBaTOH IIICpCTblO 11
C l\fIl1HHOH rpllBoA y caIUOB. 15. 3apocIlII BC'IH03CJlCHbiX
.I1CpCBbCB II "''YCTapHIIKOB C H3113CMllbIMli AblXaTCJlbllblMI1
KOpHSJMI1; xapaKTCpllbllIJlSJ npllllllBIIO-OTllllBHOH nOIlOCbl
lI:JIICTbIX n06cpc)I(J.!H TponliKOB. 16. OpC.I1CTaBlITCJlb OTPSJ-
.:13 6CCKI1J1CBbIX nTIlU OblCOTOH .110 2,44 M H BCCOM.I10 136
Kr, Hom .I1oyrraJIblc; 0611Tacr lIa OTKpblTblX 6C3JICCHblX
npOCTpallCTlJax A<PPIIKII. 17. XIIIl\1l0C MJlCKOnliTalOll.\CC
cCMcffcrn3 KOlIla'lbliX C )KCJlToA IIICpCTblO, nOKpbITOH
TCMllblM11 nSJTHaMII. 18. 10)KIIOC paCTCHI1C C TOJlCTblMII
MSJCIICTb(\11I JlIICTbSJMII, pa3B011IIMOC Y HaC KaK JlCKap-
CTBCIIHOC 1IJ111 11CKopaTIIOHOC, PYCCKOC lIa3BallllC - CTO-
JlCTHIIK. 19. fOJlOCCMSJlIllOC paCTCHIlC, npoll3pacTalOll.\cc 0
nyCTblllSJX A<PPIlKII; cro CTOOJl 11II3MCTpOM 110 1,2 M c.I1oa
BblcrynacT Hall 3CMJlCt'I; paCTClIlIC IIMCCT 2 pCMHCOIll1HbIX
KO)KIICTbIX CTCJllOlUlIXCIi JlIICTa (1lIl1l1l0H 2-3 M, IIlIoma110
8 \1; lIX IIIl1pllHa - 110 1,8 M); )KlIOCT 1102000 JlCT.
19. rO./tOBo./toMKa .-.Bmopoe
nymeUlecmBue KYKa»
OCpC11 Bam pllCYIIOK .I1BYX nOllyoKp)')!(IIOCTCH. 301-
nOIlHlIB CCKTOpbl rOJlOBOJlOMKI1 CIlOllam, TOJlKOBaHliC
3Ila'lCHHH KOTOpblX nOMclUcHbi HI1)KC, llbl CMO)KCTC no
6YKBaM B BbI./1CJlCllllblX paMKax npO'IUTaTb Ha3BaHIIII KO-
pa6J1CH, KOTOpblC npllHlIMaJlII Y'laCTIIC BO BTOpOM nnaBa-
Hlill no.l1 PYKOB011CTBOM }J.)KCiiMCa KYKa.
BCpXIJIIJlIJOJlYOKp}1KlJOCTh: I. }J.113rpaMM3, H306pa)Ka-
IOlUan npl! nOMOlUH KpllBblX KOJllI'lCCTOCHHblC nOKa3aTC-
ml pa3B1!TI!SJ HJllI COCTOSlHlISJ 'lcro-lIl16Y11b. 2. fopSl'lllff
IlCTO'IHIIK, BpCMSJ OT BpCMCHII 6blOlUnH <p0IlT3I10M.
3. Pa3YMHoc OCHooaHlIC, 1100011, CMblCIl. 4. fJly60Kan
lL111HHaSJ Bnan.lllia 1101 nOBcpxHOCTli 3CMJlII. 5. OTllua.c
CCpOBaTO- roJly6blM IIJIli 6CJlbiM oncpClIlICM H 60JlblIlIIM
32

3060M. 6. Hc60JlblIlaSi pbl6a C BblTSlHyrblM 'lcpoc06pa3-
IIblM TCJ10M II O'lCllb MenKOH '1CIIIYCH. 7. CropoHa ClJCT3,
npOTI1DOnOCTaBJlCHHaSI CCBCpY. 8. rCOMCTpll'lCCKOC TeJlO,
06pa30oaHHoc BpalllcHlIcM Kpyra BOKpyr coocro lJ.lIaMCT-
pa. 9. nYIIlHOH 3BCpb C TeMHO-)f(CJlTbIM UCHHblM MCXOM.
10. XI1J.JJ.Hblti nyulHoH 3BCpeK 113 CCMCHcrna KYIIIIU C
KOpl1'JHCOOH 6J1CCTIlIIlCH IIICpCTblO.
HmKJlAA nOJlYOKp)')KI/OCTb: I. BbiCOKliH CTOJl6 J\JlSl
napYCOB lIa CYlJ.IIC. 2. lcJlOOCK, HaXo)J.J11I111HCH Ha CTYTICHI
nCp006bITHOH KYJlbTYPbl. 3. To )f(C, 'ITO II CTOJ1CT11C.
4. L(JlIIHl/aSl naJIKa, )f(CPlJ.b. 5. TCMlloc BpCMSl cyroK.
6. Hc60JlblIlaSi obllJ.oJl6J1CHHaSi H3lJ.cpcBa JlOlJ.Ka. 7. }J.BII)f(C-
IlIIC, nOTOK B03L{yXa'll ropll30llTaJlbliOM lIanpaBJlCHIIII.
2 - 278S
33

20. KpunmozpaMMa
.}303ICecmBeHHoe mBopeHue?»
M Homc He Momll 06bS'ICHlITb HaLlJII11aJICKHC npc11KII:
11M He XBaTaJlO 3HaHlIif II nOJICTa <paIlTa3l1l1. Ii TOflla lIa
nOMoillb JlIOIDIM npllX011IIJla KpaCIlBa5l TCOpllS! 0 BCCMOry-
illCM TOOPUe - bore.
Ho A3)KC B n.peBHOCTI1 H3X011HJllICb CMCJlb'laKll, Ha-
npO'lb OTBcpraOLlJIIC 3TH CKa3KHlI npOTCCTyJOillllC nporuB
rnnOTC3bJ 6mKCCTDCHHOrO Ha'laJIa BCCro CYillcro B OKPY-
)KalOilleM lIX MllpC.
PaCLlJlI<ppoBaB KpllnTOrpaMMY, ObI CMO)KCTC npo'lH-
TaTb CTpOl<J.\ 113 nroMb] «0 npllpo11c BCillCM», npIlHanJlC::Ka-
meif ncpy pllMcKoro nroTa II <pHJlOCo<pa- MaTCpllaJIlICTa
TliTa flYKpcum! Kapa (I B. 110 H. 3.). A nOMoryr 133M
TOJIKOB3.lUrn 3Ha'IeHHif CJIel1YlOillJiX KJlIO'lCOblX CJIOB:
a) I, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 4 - HOPBC::KCU, (1872-1928),
34

nCpBbJA 'ICnOBCK, l1OCTllnlllli{ lO)l(Horo nOJlloca B HTOre
MHOrO'lllCJlCHHblX apKTII'ICCKIIX 3Kcnc11IIUHif;
6) 8, 1,9, !O - (1821 -I 865), HCMCUKllif nyrClIICCTBCH-
HIIK, IICCJJC110BaOlIlllif CCOCPHYIO A<tJpIIKY OT Tpllnonll11o
03cpa la,n: II pCKII Hllrep;
D) 5, 9, 7, II, 12, - (l54O?-1596), aHfJllIi{cKllif
MOpCTl.IIaBaTCnb, PYKOOO11IfTCnb nllpaTClGlX Ha6crOB Ha
IICnaHCKliC KOnOHlIaJlbHblC CY11a; cooeplIIlIR BTOPOC KPY-
roCBCTHOC nyTClIICCTOllC; OH 060rHyn MblC fOpH II B110Jlb
3ana,n:Horo n06CpC)f(bJi AMCpllKII110lIlcn110 OCTpOIJa BaH-
KYBCp;
r) 12, 1,9, 10, 13,7 - (1491-1526), <ppaHUY3cKlIif
MopeTl.llaOaTCnb, OTKPblBlIIlIA 0 KaHa,n:c PCKY CmlToro
RaopclITJ.Ill II lIccnc110BaBlIIllif cc TC'ICHIIC 110 Bna,n:cHlln
B Hec pCKII Orraoa;
11) 8, 3, 14, 7, 4, 15, 16, 17, 13 - (1729-181 I),
PYKOOO11IITCJIb ncpooif <ppaHUY3CKOif KPYfOCBCTHOif 3KC-
nCl1J.\UlIlI; OH IICCnC1100aJI 0 TliXOM OKC8HC HCCKonbKO
rpynn OCTpOBOO, IIX <tJJlOPY H <tJayJIY;
c) 17, 13, 18, 16, 6 - (1774-1809), aMCpllKaHCKlIif
nyrClIICCTDCHHlIK, lccnc11ooaBlIIlI!j BMCCTC C YllJlbilMOM
KnapKoM (1770-1838) 3anM COOpCMCHHblX Coc11IIIICH-
HblX llhaTOo AMCPllKll;
)f() 25, 7, 4, 7, 15, I - ropo11 B 1lI0cfluaplIlI, aJlMIIHII-
CTpaTlloHblif UCHTp KaHTOHa, pacnOnO)f(CHHblif Ha 6cpcry
03cpa;
3) 19,7,17,18,6,12,16,4 - (OK. 1700 - nocnc 1760),
PyccKHif nOnJlpHbJif lICCllC110BaTCnb, KanHTaH 3.ro paHra,
)"IaCTIfllK 2-if KaM'laTCKoi{ 3Kcne11IlUIIII; 01741-1742 IT.
onllCaJI '1OCTb 6cpcra nOJl}'ocTpOBa TaifMblp, 110CTllr ce-
BCPIIOif OKOHC'IHOCTH EBPa3l1l1 (IIblHC - cro IIMCHlI);
II) 20, 21, 21, 14,7,21, 14,9, 1,22, 16,23 - pll3,(\ell
6110reorpa<plIlI, 113)"1a101I.(1Ii{ rcOrpa<tJII'ICCKOC pacnp<>cT-
paHCHliC )f(JIOOTIlblX, cro <paKTOpbl II 3aKOHOMCpHOCTH;
K) 6, 24,16, 12 - aHfJllIifcKIli{ IIccnc11oB3TCnb, (1827-
1864), JaHIIMaBlIIHifcll nOHCKaMliliCTOK3 HHJm II OTKpblB-
lIllii!' 03Cpo BIII<Topill/.
2"
35

21. rOltOBoltoMKa 3HaMeHumblu
nymeLUeCmBeHHuK»
BnllcaB B CCKTOPbl roJlOBOJlOMKII IIMcna lI30CCTHblX
nyrcllIccTBCHHlIKOO, concplllllOlllllX TC IIJllI IIHblC reorpa-
4>WICCKIIC OTKpbITIlSl, Db! CMO)f(CTC no 6yKBaM B BbUJ,CJlCH-
HbiX paMKax COCTaBlITb 4>aiJUlIlIO pocclIAcKoro HCCJlClJ,O-
oaTCnS! UCHTpaJIbHOA AmH.
I. AMcpllKaHcKHA nOJIIlpHblt'1 IIccnClJ,OOaTCJlb (1856-
1920), lJ,OKa3aOllilltI OCTpOBHOC npolIcxo)l(l\CHIIC fPCH-
Jlan.D:1I1I II ncpoblM nOKopllBllIlIA CCOCpHblH nOJlIOC.
2. AHrJlllifcKlIif nyTCnrccTBCHHIIK (1771-1806), OT-
KpblBllIIIM II IIccnc.I1ooaollJllif 6acccifH pCKli Hlirep.
3. KlnaifcKllif nyrernCCTBCHHIIK (?), IIccnC.I10DaBllIlltI
36

06nacrn BHYTPCHHCfI ([(CHTp3JIbHOA) A31111 II MaplIlpyr
BcnllKoro lIIC]JKOOOrO nyrll.
4. POCCliACKIIA 3cMncnpoxo.n;cu (1525?-1584), Ha-
'1a13lI1l1A OCOOCHliC ClI6l1pll.
5. <1JpaHuY3cKIIA nyrClIICCT13CHHIIK (1729-1811), PY_
KOOOlJ,IIOlIlllii ncpooA <ppaHUY3cKol! KpyrocBcTHOH 3KCnc-
lJ,IIUllcti; IICcnclJ,OOaJI 0 T IIXOM OKcaHC HCCKO]JbKO rpynn
OCTpOBOB, HX <pnopy II <1>aYHy.
6. rCHY33CKIIA MOPCXOlJ, (1450?-1499?), C]J)')KIIBlIIlli{
Ha aHmllAcKIIX Kopa6nSlx; IICCnClJ,OB3JI lOr rpcHnaHlIlIH,
HblO<paYH.!\JlcHD. II OOCTO'IHOC n06cpc)I(bc AMCpllKlI;
7. OOPTYfaJlCU (1467-1526), OTKpbIBlIIlIA BO OpCMR
nnaoaHliSi 0 HHD.1l1O Epa3l1J1l1lO.
. 8. HCMCUKliA nyrClIIcCTBCHHIIK (1834-1885), ncpe-
CCKlIIlli{ nyCTbIHIO Caxapa. OT Tpllnonll '1CpC3 HaropbC
TII6cCTII II 03CpO 'Ian. lJ,0 XapTYMa Ha HIlJlc.
9. AMCPllKaHCKlIA nyrClIICCTBCUHIIK (1841-1904), Y'13-
CTOOIJaOlIlliA B nOliCKaX nponaolIlcroflllBlIllrCTOHa II 06na-
P)')KIIBlIIIIA cro Ha 03Cpc TaHraHbIlKa; n03)1(e IIccnclJ,OOaJI
6acceHH pCKII KoHro C npllJlcralOlUlIMli K HCMY pCKaMli.
10. AHrnllAcKIIH MopcnnaBaTCnb (1728-1779), TlUa-
TCnbHO 113Y'1l10lIlIIA 0 TpCX KpYTOCBCTHblX nnaIJaHIISIX
aKoaToplilO Tllxoro OKcaHa OT MSiCKli lJ,0 AHTaPKTllKII;
onpoocpr rnnoTc3y 0 CYlUcCTOOBaHlllllO)I(llOrO mTepIlKa.
1 I. lIIBcHuapcKliA IICCIlCAoBaTCnb (1865-1952), py_
KOOOlJ,lITCnb.!\JlIITCnbHbIX 3KCnC.l\IIUIIH no lI3Y'1CllllIO lI,cH-
TpaJIbHOA A31111.
12. }J.peBHCrpC'ICCKliA nyrclIIcCTBCHHI-IK II aCTpOlloM
(IV o. lJ,0 p. Xp.), npOlIlclJ,lIIlIH MOpCM OT Macc3Jl1I1I
(MapccnSl) 'ICpC3 EPliTaHlilO K OCTPOBY rcnbronoHlI II -
npcAnOnO>KIITCJ1bHO - lJ,OCTlirlIlliH 6epcroo HOPBCrlllI.
22. C/>UJlBOpiJ <ilApuCmOmeJlb 06 YMe»
ECJ111 Obi npaBllnbllO Bbl'lepKllCTC 14l1MCllll3BCCTHblX
nyrclIIccTBCIIlIIIKOB II ncpoooTKpbl83TcncH, TO OCTaOlIlll-
ccil 6YKBbl ronoB0J10MKlI n0300nSlT 83M npO'llITaTb (no
37

rOpll30HTaJlIIM) nOne3HOC 3aMC'IaHliC l!peOHerpe'lCCKoro
<p11J10co4Ja II Y'lCHOro ApllcTOTCnSl (384-322 lJ,O H. 3.).
46YKBbi 56YKB 76YKB
AI-1AW <PAJ1bK BErEHEP
POCC WMI-1AT 06PY4EB
56YKB 6 6YKB 8 6YKB
3Y60B APMAHA BAPEHI-1YC
CEAOB H061-1J1E BECIlY441-1
TI-111110 TACMAH
Y M 3 P E H E r E B
A K n 0 10 K b n A <P
'1 W W C A C E P T C
H A M C A T E 5'1 H E
T It1 It! 0 n H b ]:I K B
B ]:I ]:I 0 It! B 3 H 0 A
E E T Y H It1 It! 6 H B
'1 H C A 0 T Y It! B Y
Y M 0 n p 3 It! E H It!
p It! n 6 y M P n It1 n
6 A r A It1 '1 A T n b
0 3 H A H n '1 H It1 0
5'1 H A ]:I E n E It! ]:I E
38

23. KpunmozpaMMa 3azaaKU npupoiJbl.
PaCIf(PPOBaB ::IT}' KpllrrrorpaMMY, IJbl npO'llITacre
CTpOKII, npmla.DJlC>KaWliC ncpy 11311eCTJ/Oro poulIAcKoro
rcoJlora II reorpa<tJa aKa.ll.CMIIKa BJlallllMllpa A<tJallacbCBII-
'1a 06pY'lcBa, aBTopa 3HaMClIIITbIX pomHOO «TInyroHlln.
H «3CMJlS! CaHHIIKOlJa». A nOMoryr DaM B pa60TC TOJlKOBa-
Hlin 3Ha'ICHIIA ClICllYIOWIIX reorpa<tJII'ICCKIIX Ha3BaHIIH:
a) 1,2,3,4.5,6,2,7 -03ePO Ha TCppllTOpllH A<pPllKI1
C n.nOWaJJ.blO nOBCpXH<JCTII 0 68 TbIC. KM 2 ;
6) 1,8,6,9, 10,8,8 - 03Cpo Ha TeppllTOplill CIllA II
KaJ/allbJ nJlOIlta.D.bIO 82, 4 TbIC. KM 2 H rny6I1HoA ltO 393 M;
BXOlllIT 0 CIICTCMY BCJlIIKIIX 03ep;
D) II, 2, 12, 2, 13, 14, 10 - 03Cpo 0 CIllA, '1aCTb
CHCTCMbl BeJlIIKIIX 03Cp; cro nnOWallb - S8 TblC. KM 2 ,
rJly6I1Ha - JJ,O 281 M;
r) 4, 14, 15, II, 16, 6 - roepo Ha cesepc KpacHonp-
CKoro KpaS!; nnolltallb -4560 KM 2 , rny6I1Ha - DoO 26 M;
39
L

n) 14, 4, 14, 17, 14, 18, 3, 14 - 03Cpo B KaHMc
B CHCTeMC ))CKH MaKKcH311, nJlOll.\Mb - 7,9 TblC. KM 2 ,
rny6liHa - ]1,0 60 M;
e) 10,2,3, 14,6, 14, 13, 19, 14 - 03Cpo B HHKaparya;
cro nJlOll.\Mb - 8,4 TbIC. KM 2 , rny6HHa - ]1,0 70 M, CTOK
BO]1,bl no peKC CaH-XyaH B Kapli6cKoe Mope;
)K) 5, 10,8,20, 18,3,5,8 - 03CpO Ha ceBepo-3anMC
eBponeMcKoJ:l '1acTH POCCIiH, B KapCJlIiH, nnoll.!Mb -
9,7 TbIC. KM 2 , rny6mm -]1,0 127 M;
3) 6, 19,21,5,22,23,24 - 6CCCTO'lHOe COJlOHOBaTOC
03CpO B KeHIUi, cro nJlOll.\a.D:b - 8,5 TbIC. KM 2 , rny611Ha -
]1,073 M; B 03epo Brra,n.aCT pCKa OIO;
Ii) 25, 5, 5, 25, 5 - COJICHOC 03CpO B UcmpaJJbHblX
AH]1,ax (EOJlHBHSI), pacnOJlO)KCIIHOC Ha BblCOTC 3690 M;
nnOll.\Mb - 3 TblC. KB. KM, rny611Ha - ]1,0 3 M;
K) 26,14, 11, 17,8,26,2, - pCKa B IO)KHOM A(}JpHKC,
BnallalOlI.\a!I B l1tU1.11J:1cKHM OKCal/;
JI) 27,14,13,22,16,4,8, 10,2,26 - 03CpO l/a ceBepe
Ka3axCTalla nJlOll.!MbIO 240 KM 2 , my611HoJ:l ]1,0 2 M.
24. rOJL080.ll0MKa __Kmo OH.?3
6 3 5 12 5 18 21 7 16
5 22 13 10 4 10 14 5
10 18 14 3 2 2 15
22 7 9 5 16
Bo BpCMeHa AncKCaHJlPa MaKc]1,OHCKOro O]1,liH OT-
Ba)KHbIH rpCK pCllJlIJI ompaBHTbCSI K 6cperaM HOpBemH.
K CO)KaJlCHIiIO, 0 cro 3KcncJl.HUliIi ]1,0 Hac n.OllJJlli JlHllJb
OTpbIBO'lHbIC CBCJIcHHSI. ABTOpbl60Jlcc n03lUicro BpeMCHH
Ha3bIBaJlH CMCJlb'laKa JI)KCUOM 11 3Jl0 BblCMCIiBaJlli, nOTOMY
'ITO paCCKa3bl MopennaBaTCJlSI Ka3aJ1liCb IiM cnJlOllJllblMI1
BblJ1YMKalH. IleJlo B TOM, '1TO rryrellJCCTBCIIHIiK JII1CaJ1
40

° CCBCpHblX MOPHX, KOTOpblC 3aCTbIBalOT 11 nOKpbIBalOTCH
CKOJIb3K11MI1 MC3aMI1 (CKOpeC Bcero, pe'lb J.I)l,CT ° JIC 11
TOpOcax), a COJIHUC JlCTOM TaM HC 3axon.IiT Ii MOpe «ofuIa-
n.aCT D.bIxaHIiCM» (<<B,[{OX» 11 «BbI.l\OX» 'ICpC3 K<DI(/\blC 6 'IacoB),
TO CCTh Ha6mon.alOTcS! OTJlliBbl1i npliJlIiBbl, COBCpillCHtIO
HC OTMC'IaCMbIC B CpelJ.li3CMHOM MOpC.
KTO )I(C 3TOT CMCJlb'laK? "h06bl Y3HaTb cro IiMS!,
onpcn.CJlIITC KJlIO'ICBbIC CJlOBa II 3aMCHiiTC UIi(}Jpbl 6YXBa-
Mii B CCTKC rOJlOBOJlOMKlI.
a) I, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8 - rocyn.apcTBO B CCBCpHOJ:\
EBponc, paCnOJlO)l(CHHOe Ha CKaH.lU1HaBCKOM nOJIyocrpoae;
6) 9, 3, 10, I, II, 7, 8 - rocyn.apcTBO B 3anallHOfi
EBponc, OMblBaCMOC Ha 3anallC 11 CCBCpC Bon.aMIi ATJlaH-
TIi'lCCKOrO OKcaHa Ii npOJlI1Ba JIa-Mal/ill, a Ha lore -
CPCn.1i3CMHbIM MOpCM;
B) 12,7, 13,7- rocyn.apcTBo Ha IOrO-3ana.n.c JO)I(HOi1
AMCpI1KIi; B J:l1)CBHOCTIi :ny TCppHTOpli1O 3aHI1MaJlIi IiH-
n.cih\bl, IiCTpc6J1ClIIlblC IicnaHua,>m B XVI BCKC;
r) 14,2, 1,6,10- rocyn.apCTBO B IOro-3ana.n.HOll 'IaCTIi
Tlixoro OKcaHa, pacnOJlO)l(CHHOC Ha OCTpOBax apxlinenara
C On.HOIiMCHHblM Ha3BallliCM;
n.) 15, 10, 13, 10, 16, 17,7,8 - rocyn.apcTBO B IOro-
BOCTO'lI/Oll Amli, pacnOJlO)l(CHHOC Ha nOJlyocTpOBC Ma-
JlaKKa Ii CCBCpHOJ:\ 'IaCTIi oCTpOBa KaJlIiMaHTaH;
c) 18, 2, 15, 10, 13, 7 - rocyn.apcTBO Ha ccocpo-
BOCTOKC A(}JPHKH, n.cMoKpaTIi'lCCKaH pccny6J1IiKa;
)I() 19, 5, 13, 20, 6, 7, 8 - rocyn.aPCTBO B 3analll/oJ:\
EBponc, pacnOJlO)l(CHHOC Ha 6cpcrax CCBCpl/Oro MOpS!,
KOpOJlCBCTBO; _
3) 21, 7, 22, 3 - rocyn.apCTBO B 3anallHoJ:\ A31i1i,
pacnOJlO)l(CHHOC Ha OCTpOBC B BOCTO'lHOfi qaCTIi CpCn.Ii-
3CMl/OrO MOpS!.
25. KpUnm02pllMlIW «06 OmKpbtmUJlX3
Hc npl1Xon.IIJIOCb JIll BaM 33D.Y'>lblBaTbCS!, KaK n.CJlaIOT-
CSI BCJlIiKIiC OTKpblTIIS!? MO)l(CT 6bITb, CYIl.lCCTByeT KaKoi!-
41

TO TaIiHCT1JCHHblji pcL(Cm? Tpyn.HO CKa3aTh onpen.eJlCHHO.
Ho ecJIl1 Bb! paCnJHqJpycre KplinTOrpaMMY 11 npo'lTCTC
BblCKa3blD3Hl1e Kn:on.a MpliaHa reJlbBCUIiR (1715-1771),
qJpaHI..(Y3CKOro ctmnocoqJa-MarepliaJIliCTa, TO nOHMcre,
'lTO BCC HC TaK npoCTo.
B pa60re D3M no101Yf TonKOBallliSl 3Ha'leHIi"[ cneny-
IOIllIiX cnOB:
a) I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, I, 7 - ropOn.-rcPOlI, 06naCTHolI
LlCHl'p Ha 6eperax L{Hcnpa; KJlIO'l-ropon.;
6) 7, 8, 9, I, 6, 3, 10, 9, 8 - ropon., UCHl'p KpaSl,
pacnOnO)KCJlllblj:"[ Ha 6cpery peKJI Ky6aHb; n.o 1922 r. -
EKaTcpIiHon.ap;
B) II, 12, 13,9 - 06naCTHOlI L\CHTp. pacnOnO)KeHHbIH
y nna,llCHIiSl peKII qliTa B pe...'Y MHron.a;
r) 14, 15, 13,9,6, 13,9, 16 - peKa B }b:YTliI1, nCBb!H
nplITOK }lHbI;
n.) 17,3,4,3, 18, 10,9 - o6J1acTHoj:"[ UCHl'p, npliCTaHb
Ha peKe Bo!lorn.a;
c) 19, 20, 18, 3, 8, 3, 10 - 06naCTHofi uemp
3aKapnaTCKOH 06JlaCTIi Ha peKC Y>K; pacnOnO)KCH y non.-
HO)KIiSl BocTO'-lHb!X KapnaT;
)K) 21, 22, 23, 17, 9 - peKa Ha CeBCpHoM YpaJIC
11 B npen.ypaJlbC, !lCBb!H npliTOK BmlJCpbl.
42

26. Tpoimoii anaeopiJ .Kopa6.11u KO.llYM6a3
3anOJlHliB BCPTIiKaJlIi aHaOOpD.a CJlOBaMII, 3Ha'iCHIUJ
KOTOpblX npliBOJIJITCH IIIi)KC, Bb! Y3HacTC, KaK Ha3bIBaJlllCb
Kopa6J11i 3KcnCD.IfUIiIi XpliCTopa KOJlYM6a K 6cperaM
AMCpIiKIi.
AliaBOpD. A: I. XBOJ:\HOC D.CpCBO C D.llIiHHblMIi IirnaMI1
Ii oKpyrnblMIi IlJIIIlJKaMI1. 2. IO)KHOC paCTCllliC C TOJlCTblM
CO'!HbIM CTc6J1CM Ii KOJlIO'IKaMIi BMCCTO JlIiCTbCB. 3. TIpcD.-
CTaBIiTCJlb ccMcfiCTBa MJlCKOnliTalOlllHX OTpsm.a HCnOJlHO-
3y6b1X; 0611TacT B l'pOnwICCKI1X Jlccax IO)KHOH 11 UCHT-
paJIbHOJ:\ AMCpIlKIi; 06b!'1HOC nOJlO)KCIIIiC - BIiCIiT Ha
BeTKe BHli3 cnlillOJ:\. 4. TIpoMblCJlOBaH pbl6a CCBCpHbIX
MOpCl!. 5. KpynHaH XIiIllHa!! MOpCKa!! pbl6a. 6. EOJlbUJa!!
D.IIKaH KOUJKa, 06liTalOlllaH Ha TCppliTOpli1i AMCpIiKI1.
7. )J,CPCBO IOJKHblX C1]JaH, 06bl'l1i0 C npHMblM IICBeTBI1C-
TblM CTBOJlOM 11 C O'lCHb KpynHblMII BC'IH03CJlCHblMI1
ncpliCTblMU IIJIlf Bccpo06pa3HblMIi JlIiCThHMI1. 8. M.nCKO-
nliTalOlI.\CC CCMcJ:\CTBa MC)l.BCD.cfi; cCBcpo-aMCpmGltlCKlifi
nOD.Bl1)l. 6yporo MCD.BCJIJI. 9. AMCPIiKaHCKa!! pa3HOBI1D.-
JlOCTb )KBa'IHOrO napHOKOnbITHoro MJlCKOnliTalOll.\Cro C
BCTBIiCTblMU poraMIi. 10. AMCpl1KaHCKOe XJ.IlI.\HOe )KJfBOT-
HOC 1i3 CCMClICTBa KOllJa'lbliX C )KCJlTO-KpaCHOJ:\ IlJCpCTblO
II '1CpHblMIi nHTHaMIi no HCJ:\.
A:.
43
--

6:
-
-
2 -
.-
1 3 4
f-+-
'--
2 3
B:
s
AJlaBOp.ll. E: 1. nTliUa l'ponli'lcc-
KlIX C1]JaH C SlpKIiM Ii nCCTpblM onc-
pcHIiCM. 2. XlilllllaJI pbl6a aMcpli-
KaHCKIiX peK, Bcn.YlllaSi CTaHHblH
06pa3 )I(li3HIi Ii OXOTbi. 3. nTlilla
Ol'pSln.a 6CCKlIJlCBbiX BblCOTOH n.o
170 CM (YaK lIa3bIBacMblJ:l a\1Cpli-
KaHCKIiI1 cTpayc). 4. nTHlla oTpHn.a
.lI.HTJlo06pa3HbIX C 60JlbUJliM 3a3y6-
pClIHblM KJlIOBOM; 06liTaCT C l'ponli-
'lCCKIiX Jlccax AMCpliKIi (OT MCKCIi-
l<J1 n.o ApreIiTlillbl). 5. 51l1.\Cplilla
D.JlliHOJ:l OT HCCKOJlbKIiX caHTIIMCT-
pOB n.o 2 M; MSICO Ii SlllUa C'bC.1I06Hbl.
AJl3BOp.ll. B: 1. Xlill.\HaJI rITm,{a
rron.oTpS!.1\a aMcpmcaHcKlix rpmpoB
.llJlIiHofi CBblUJC 1 M Ii pa3M3XOM KPbl-
JlbeB CBbllllC 2,8 M; rOJlOM Ii IllCSJ
rOJlblC. 2. nTlIlla non.OTpm\a nJlaMIO-
ll..lIiX C KPblJlbSlMli, noxmKHMIi Ha Jla-
CTbl; P./lIiHa Tella - at 40 CM n.o 1,2 M.
3. 3MCSI ccMcficTBa yn.aBoB P./lIiHOH n.o
10 M, 061iTIlCT B l'pOnIiKaX IOJKHolI
AMCpliKlI no 6cperaM pCl(, OJcp Ii
60JlOT. 4. npCJJ:CTaoliTcllb cCMcficrna
OKcallli'lCCKIiX nTlil{ OTpm\a 6ypCBCC-
TIHIKOC P./llillofi JJ:O 1,5 M Ii pa3M3XOM
KpblJlbCB n.o 4,5 M. 5. npen.CTaBIiTcnb
pon.a XBOlIHblX n.CpeBbeB cCMcfiCTBa
TaKCOn.lICObIX CblCOTOI1 CBblllJC 100 M Ii
llliaMCTpOM CTBOJla 6-11 M.
5
27. cPUJl80pa «t(apbl H080i!O C6ema
Bbl'lCpKlfYD 14 CJlOB - Ha3caliliti pacTcHIiJ:l, npliBC-
3CHHblX B EBpony 1i3 AMCpllKIi, Bbl CMO)l(CTe npO'lHTaTb no
OCTaBUJIiMCSI 6}'KMM Myn.poe 1i3pe'ICHliC, npliHawIc)I(Jl-
44

wec ncpy.llJKo3e4>a AIw,licoHa (1672-1719) - aHrJlIiHCKO-
ro nliCaTeJlR 11 npOCBCTIITeJlSJ.
4 6YK BbI 5 6YKB 7 6YKB
505bl XI-1HI-1H ABOKA.D.O
5 6YKB 6 6YKB nOMI-1,ljOP
KAKAO AHAHAC 8 6YKB
nEPEl\ APAXI-1C KYKYPY3A
TA5AK BAHI-111b 9 6YKB
TblKBA X110nOK KAPTO(])E11b
K 0 n 0 n x 3 H A K
H A A Ii! E 3 T 0 Y T
0 y P T 0 C y K  X
E C A T T B Y A B Ii!
E H x H 0 P bl 6 A H
A M Ii! 0 Y (]) 6 A H Ii!
P H C 3 P A E T Ii! H
0 3 A 0 M B 0 n n 3
,q A B H K bl W A b U
Ii! B 0 ,q A K 0 B A E
M K E T K C y E n p
0 bl 0 B A E K A Y E
n T bl 6 0 6 y T Ii! n
45

28. KpUnm02paMlIW .J[anAa.c 0 n03nanuu.
PaCU1I1(}JpOBaB 3T)' KpiinTorpaMMY, Bbl CMO)l(CTC npo-
'IIiTaTb CJlOBa nbcpa CIiMolia JJ:aJUlaca (1749-1827), lI3'
BCCTHoro (}JpaHl{Y3CKoro (}J1i3IiKa, MaTCMaTIiKa Ii aCTpOHO'
Ma. 06paTiiTc BHIIMaHI1C Ha TOJlKOBaHIiC 3Ha'lcHIIJ:I
KllIO'ICBbIX CJlOB.
a) I, 2, 3,4, I, 5,6 - roCY.I1apCTBO B 3ana.n.Ho"[ A:ml1.
pacnOJlO)l(CHHOC na BOCTO'lHOM n06CpC)I(bC CpcnH3cMHo-
ro MOpH;
6) 7, 8, 9, 8, 19, 4, 5 - rocynapCToo-pecny6J1IiKa B
3ana.n.Ho"[ A(}JpIiKC; O(}JI1U1i3J1bHblH SJ3blK - (}JpaHl(y3-
CKII'[;
D) 5, 8, 7, 10, II, 10 - rOCY.l13pCTBO Ha lOre A4>PI1KlI.
KOHCTIi1)'l\110HHa!! MOtlapXI1H. Ha3blBaBU1CecSJ no 1966 r
EacyroJlctUI.; 0<l>I1UliaJ1bHblC SJ3b1K11- aHrJllIHCKIIH 11 cecyro;
r) 12, 10,5, 13, 14, 15, I, 16 - rocY.l18pCTDO Ha ccaepo-
3anallC IO)l(HO"[ AMcpmm, CTOJll1ua - CaHTa-<I>e-.I1c-Eorora;
.11) 17,4, 18 - rocY.l1apCTnO B U:ClITpaJlb1l0"[ A(}JpliKC,
CTOJlliua - H.IJ)KaMcHa;
c) 3, 13, 14, 20, 9, I, 16 - rOCY.l1apCTOO Ha lOre
EBponbl, pacnOJlO)l(CHHOC B 6aCCClIHC Hli)l(lICro JJ:yHa!!.
46

29. Kpunmo2pUMlIW "Be.llUKuJ! KHU2U.
13 11 2 ". 10 9 6 12 23 ".
10 9 1 23 11 9 10 19 ,.. 13 ".,
1'3 2 15 23 12 14 21 ,. 12 10 23 7 2 ".,
" 18 ,.. 23 8 2 26 ,.. 13 ,..
1 13 1 23 116 6'" 13 11 2 15 2 10 10 6 26 ",.
12 14 3 14 4 9 18 ,..
1 14 11 3 14 18 10 10 14 
14 3 12 4 19 3 9'"
""'019122 2 8 6 ,.. 13 20 7 15 18 16 6p:'/
10 14 ,.. 1 14 10 18 3 17 ".
1 2 1 27 '" 8 14 25 2 3'" 15 23 22 17 
3 14 3'; 12 3 14 ".
10 9 6 24 23 3 11 18 ,..
1 14 10 23 8 9 3 17
2 27 ". 18 20 19 12 ".
23 ,.. 3 14 15 12 14 13 9 3 17
".., 5 I 6 12 13 19 ,-; 12 14 3 14 4 19 8 23J1"'J
""1'4 10 9'" 10 9 1 23 11 9 10 9 II'!." I
B CBoe BpeM5! raJIllJleo raJIllJlell CpaB1l1IJI HallJY Bce-
nCHHYIO C BCJlliKOJ:\ KHllrOit 11 BblCKa3aJ1 liHTCpCCHyIO_
Mblcnb 06 YMCHIiI1 OpnCHTllpOBaThC5! B cc JIIICbMCHax.
Eoncc TO'lHO y3HaTb 06 :no MO)KHO JIocnc paCllJliCppoBKn
n.allHoll KplirrTorpaMb1. n PI{ pa60Te IiCnOnb3yHTe cnc.ay-
IOU.mc KJlIO'ICBblC cnoBa:
a) 1,2, 3,2,4, 5, 6,4,7 - ropon-repoll, CCBCpHM
CTomma Poccnn;
47
I....-


I
6) 8,6,4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 - ropoll,-rcpofl, 06naCTHofi
ueHTp, HC3aMCp3alOll.lIi"[ noPT B KonbcKoM 3aJ1liBe Eapen-
UCBa MOpSJ;
B) 13, 14, 15, 7, 14, 7, 4, 9, 16 - rOpOll,-repOll,
06naCTHOfi ueHT}> 11 nOpT na Bomc; lI,O 1925 r. - IJ.a-
PIiUblH;
r) 2, 15, 17, 10, 18 - paHoHlIblll I(CIIT}> CMonencKofi
o6naCTii Ha pCKe JJ:CCHe; pOll,HHa COBeTCKOll mapll,lili;
lI,) 12, 19,20, 19, 15 - CTonliua TYBbl, pacnonO)KeHa
y cnHRHIiSJ peK EonbllJOj:"[ ElmceH Ii MaJlblH EHllcell; lI,O
1918 r. - EeJlOuapCK, nocnc 1926 r. - XeM-EcJlJJ.blP;
c) 21, 14, 22, 12, 9, 4 - 14, 15, 9 - C'l'Onl1ua
MaplificKoll pecny6mHm, paCnOnO)KCHa Ha 6cpery peKIi
MarlaR KOKllJara; lI,O 1919 r. - IJ.apcBOKOKllJaHCK, nocne
1927 r. - KpaCHOKOKllJaj:"[cK;
)I() 6,7, 15,23,24 - ropo.!! B 51pocnalJcKofi o6nacTIi,
npliCTaHb Ha pCKC Bonre; 113BCCTCil CBOIiMIi CblpaMIi;
3) 13, 14, 4, 14, 10, 2, 25 - 06naCTHOli itCHTp Ha
peKe BOpOHC)I(; D HeM pacnOnO)l(ClIbl MyJCIi n03ToB
11. C. HIiKIiTlma 11 A. B. KonbUOBa;
Ii) 26, 25, 9 - ropOll, B 11BalloocKofi 06naCTI1, pacno-
nO)l(ClIllbill B 63 Ki OT JKCne3HOll,OpOJKHOli CTaHUIiIi lIlySJ;
K) 12, 15, 27, II, 3 - nTliua CCMClICTBa BblOpKOObiX
lI.JIliHOH lI,O 17 CM, 06liTalOluaSJ Bnccax ccoeplloro nonYllJa-
pliR; mlTaCTCSJ CCMeHaMIi XBOHHblX lI,CpeBbCO, a nTeHUOB
BbJlJOll,liT B 3HMBCC BpCMR.
30. KpunmozpaMMa "Hanymcm8ue
Pacillli<ppoBaB ::ny Kpl1nrorpaMMY, Bbl CMO)l(ere llpO-
'1I1TaTb nO)l(CJlaHlie aKan.eMIiKa BmumlIipa A<pallaCbCIJIi-
'1a 06p}"ICBa, o6pall.lelltlOC KO BCCM MOnOll,blM nIOIDIM,
BClj'llalOll.lIiM D lI,lJaD,uaTb ncplJblfi IJCK. I1pli pa60TC Han.
ronOIJOnOMKOll onllpafiTCcb lIa TonKODallliSJ 3l1a'IellliH
KJlIO'lCDbIX cnolJ:
a) I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 - BOll,Onan. D HopDcnm C BblCOTOH
nan.CIlIiSJ BOll,bl 610 M;
48

6) 8, 3, 9, 5, 10 - OOAOna,.rJ. Ha peKC CYHa (KapcJlIiIJ);
BOM HI13BepraCTCIJ C BblCOTbi 11 M;
B) 5, 1,4,6,5, 11,3, 12 - BOllona,.rJ. Ha peKC OpaH)I(eBaIJ
(IOAP); BblCOTa na,.rJ.enlilJ BOAbl - 146 M;
r) 13, 14, 13, 14, 15, 3 - BOAona,.rJ. Ha peKC CHClIK
(ClIlA) C BblCOTOlI na,.rJ.eHIiIJ BOllbl 59 M;
A) 11, 5, 16, 14, 26, 5 - KaCKa,.rJ. BOllona,.rJ.OB Ila pCKe
3alip (KOHro), BOlla 1II130CpraCTCH C IJbICOTbl IJ 40 M;
c) 15,17,9,5,7,5 -lJOllonM lIapeKe Mcpcell(ClIlA),
IJblCOTa na,.rJ.eHIi1J BO.lJ.bl - 178 M;
)I() 5, 15, 18, 17, 19,20 - 1J0AonM Ha peKe qYPYH
IJ BClIccY:cIJlC; OblCO'13lIUIliH B Mllpe - 1054 M;
3) 21, 22, 13, 26, 5 - pCKa, npOTCKaIOll.laH no TCpptl-
TOplili CpcAHero YpaJIa Ii 3ana,.rJ.lIofi CII6lipli, npaBblH
npHToK TYPbl;
u) 23, 1, 10,20,24 - pCKa na cClJepO-3ana,.rJ.e 3amUHoH
C1i61ipli, JleBblH npllTOK 06u;
K) 25, 3, 13, 2 - KaCKa,.rJ. BOllona,.rJ.OIJ Ha pCKe nwcxa
(KpaCHOAapCKlill Kpaj:\), cro BblCOTa - 200 M.
49

OTBETM " AQ6
.Onu Om"pbl6QAU 3eMAU»
1. 'IaHIIBOP.ll. .OUK OTKpLlB3J1H 3eMJIH.
1. CTpa60H. 2. HYHbec JlC EaJlb60a. 3. AHaKCMMaHJlP.
4. Pocc. 5. CC.nOB. 6. BccljY'!'IM. 7. 116H Ea'ITYT3. 8. ApMaHn.
9. !lappcJIJI. 10. JlancPY3. 11. 3y60B. 12. Bapcm,yc. 13. CKO'IT.
14. THJlno. 15. 06PY'lCB. 16. BcreHcp. 17. PCMC30B. ]8. BacKo
na raMa. 19. ApxHMcn. 20. !lHaw. 21. lllMH.nT. 22. TacMaH.
23. HopncHwcm,.n. 24. )),PCHK. 25. KOJlYM6. 26. EepHHr.
27. rHnnapx. 28. XCMepnan. 29. JlaHrC.!lop1J. 30. <lJanbK.
31. KpY3CHWTCpH. 32. H06Hne.
2. KpHnTOl]l3MM3 ..OrBIDKIILlC 1I0MOpLl.
Knlo'lcBbleCJlOaa: a)JleKanO, 6) xHMepa, B) q,pollT, r)CHr,
.n) wanKa, e) MO.n, )t() ne.npo.
3aMCHHIl UI1clJPbl 6YKDaMH, '1HTaeM B ceTKC KpHnTOrpaM-
1.1101 (CBCPXY BHH3 no rOpH30HTaJlbHblM CTpO'IKaM): AncKceu
XHMHKOB, CTcnalllllapanoB, <lJCJlOP BCpJ1n1H, I1Bal1 XJ1MH-
KOB.
3. BHKTOpHHa ..nepBOOTKpLlB3TCJIH.
I. AclJaHacHM HJ1KMTMH n06b1Ban B EBponc, A311M Ii AclJ-
pMKe - ero Kopa6J1H 3a6poc1olJlO nocne 30-.nlleBHoro nnaDaIlIolS!
B I1U.nJIMCKOM OKcaHc. TPH MopS!, 0 KOTOpbIX roaopHTCII B ero
3anHCIIX, - 3TO KacnHMCKOC (XBaIlbII1CKoe), ApaBHMCKOC
(11I1JlI1MCKoe) M tlCPIIOC (Cra6ynbCKoc).
2. JJ.0 lIaWHX nHeM .nOUJJIH COCJleHJ1S! 0 ncpBoH nonruepJK-
J!eHHoM nOKyMCHTaJlbHO 3Kcne.nHlll1l1 BO BpcMclla JI.pcBlIcro
Emrrra. I1HHllHaTOpoM' H -OpraHH3aTOpOM 3Toro lUlaDaHHII
B nYHT - C'JpaHY EJlarOBOIIMM - 6b1na l1apJ1l\a XaTWCnCYT.
3. HopMaHH JlclIne 3HpHKCOII no npo3BHlI.lY JleMq,
C'IaCTJII1BbIM. Ha py6eJKC X II XI OCKOB CMCJlb'laK .nOCTMr
6eperoBOi\ nHHl111 paHCC eMY HCI130CCTHOM 3CMnl1, KOTOpylO
OH HapCK XCJlJlynallJl - .CTPalla nnOCKIlX KaMHCH.. Ornpa-
BI1BWI1Cb Ha lOr, Jlel!Bc 3aMCTIIJI 6epcr, 3apoCWI1M nec3r.tfI, II
npll.llYMan «HMS!» 3TOMY Mecry - MapKJIaHJl (..nCCHaSI CTpB-
113.). Hcr.lHoro n03JKe Kopa6J1b HopMaHlia 6pocIIJI S!KOpb II
yCTbe HC3113KOMOM pCKJ1, r.ne Bce 3apocno .n11KHM BI1Horpa-
JlOM. OrCIOJIa II 06bS!cHeIiMc ClUe O.nHOMY Ha3B3HI1IO -
BMHJla1Jl - ..c,p;ma BHlla». Y'ICHbie C'IHTaIOT, '1TO HaI!JleH-
50

HWC3CMJlH 6bJJlH: nOnYOCTpoBJIa6pa.nop, OCTpOB HbiotPayu..ll.-
nCIVl. KCTaTH, B roponc EOCTOHe 503nBllrHYT MOHYMCHT
JIci\oe 8i\pIIKCOHY, KOTOpOro aMCpHKaHUbi nO'lHTalOT KaK
ncpBOOTKpblBaTMH AMCpIIKH.
4. 8ro CCMCH ,lI.C)f(IICB. B 1798 rOM 6b1J1a yoeKoBC'ICHa
ero naMHTb: cro HWI npHcBoWlH KpailHcl! CCBCPO-BOCTO'lHOO
OKOHC'IHOCTH A3HII. HMCHCM ,lI.C)f(HCoa Ha3MH ropHwiI xpc-
6eT Ha I.J.YKOTCKOM nOllYOCTpOBc H 6yxrn Ha :>ananHOM no6e-
PC)f(bC EcpllHroBa MOpH.
5. JIaBpCHTHiI AncKceeBH'I 3arocKlltl.
6. PC'Ib MCT 06 01l1ll6KC H. <!J. KpY3cHllITCpHa, KOTopblil
nOC'IIITaJ1 CaXaJll1H nOllyocTpOBOM. 8Ty noca.nH}'1O HCnpHHT-
HOCTb }'c-rpaHWI r. H. HCBeJlbCKOi'i.
7. PC'Ib MeT 0 XH6HHCKOM MCCTOPOJKL\CHIIH anaTHTOB
H }"ICHOM A. E. <!JcpcMaHc.
8. JIci'iTCHaHTY poccHilcKOro «!mOTa fcoprHlO SlKOUllCBH-
'1Y CC.aOBY, PYKoBO,QI1TCmO ncpBoi'i pYCCKOi'i 3KcnCAHl..lHH
K CeBCPHOMY nOlllOCY 3cMJIII Ha CY,QItC "CBHToil <!JoKa,..
9. MapHH npoH'IlIlllCBa, KOTOpaH }"IaCTDOBana 50 BTO-
poil KaM'IaTcKOi'i 3KCnCJI,HUIIII. KCTaTH, PYKOBOAIITClICM OJl,-
Horo H3 OTpSU!.OB noxoJl,a 6b111 ce MyJK - B. M. npOH'IHlllCB.
Ollbra AncKcalVlPOBHa <!JCA'ICHKO. B nCpHOJl, C 1868 110
1871 roJl, OHa BMccre C MYJKCM 6bIJIa B 3KCnCJI,I1UHRX no
CpcJI,HciI A3ltll. MHoro n03JKC <!JCJI,'lCHKO BMCCTC C CblHOM
npCJI,npHHHlIa '1CTblpC nyTewCCTBIIH no THHb-lllaHIO
H naMHPY_
MaBpa naBJlOBHa tJcpCKali (BMCCTC C MY)f(CM
H. ,lI.. tJCPCKHM) yqaCT50aana B 3KCnCJI,HUHH HPKYTCK -
Ypan, IICClICJI,Oaana reppKTOplllOJICHbI, AruiaHa, HHJI,HrllpKH
II KOJlblMbL OH8I1BJ1l1l1acb 'IJICHOM KonbiMCKoil 3KCnCJI,>IUHH,
a nocnc CMCpTH M}'}K3 B03rnaBJIllJla ce.
AneKcaHnpa BHI<TOPOBHB nOTaHHtla. OHa nyrewCCTBQ-
aana no BOCTO'lHOi'i CH6HPH, MOHronHH, KHTaIO, nYCTblHC
f06l1, BOCTO'lHOMY TH6eTy. nOTaHlltlY ncpBoi'i 113 JKCHll1lItl
npllHJIJIH B PYCCKOC reorpaq,H'ICCKOC 06WCCTBO II HarpanllI>1
3onoToi\ MCJI,aJlblO.
Bcpa AncKcalVlpoBHa BapcaHOIJIbCBa, JKCtllllHHa-reOllor
Oua nCpBaH cpeJl," JKCHlllHH nOn}"lWia }"ICtlYIO CTCneHb
Jl,OKTOpa reonoro-MHtlcpanorn'lecKllx HaYK, CTalIa 'I1ICltOM-
51
........

KoppCCnOlJ..l1eHTOM AnH CCCP. 3a CBOH BKJJa.!1 B HaYKY Bepa
AneKCaH.npOBHa y.nOCTOCHa EOllbwoi\ CepC6plIHOH MeJlalll1
>I 30ll0TOl! Me.nallH 11MCHH A. n. KapmmcKoro.
4. KpOCCBOP.ll. CBOCIIHC APKTItKH.
1. HHlIbC A,nOllb$ 3pl1K HOP.D.EHWEJIbD,. 2. feHp>l
nAPCEH. 3. EOpl1C AH.npeeBHq Bl1nbKI1l{KHI1. 4. YM-
6epro HOEHnE. 5. COllOMOH AHD,PE. 6. <1>pl1TbOtP HAH-
CEH. 7. neTp neTpOBHq III HPWOR 8. 3plICTTeo.nopODHq
KPEHKEJIb. 9. SIH HArYPCKHI1. 10. P06epT nHPH.
11. BalIepllH naDlIOBHq tJKAJIOB. 12. ApKTHKa». 13. neTp
fpHrOpbCBHq fonOBHH. 14. CKel!T». 15. HBaH tJEPE-
BH"iHbII1.
s. KpmrrOlpaMMa OrKpblTlle»
Ka)!UlaH cnoBO B TeKCTC qH'raeM cnpaBa HalIeBO, ncpc-
npblrl1DaIi» 'ICpC3 6YKBY HlII1 1111tPPY.
(,n03HaBaM'fe CBOIO CTpaIlY, CBOM KpaH, COOIO ropy JillH
peqOHKY! He 6ol!Tccb, qTO MalIbi 3TH ropYWKl1 111111 peqKH,
BeJib >13 !>1al10ro BblpaCTaeT 60llbwoe».
6. Pe6yc ..npCJlIlOJlOJKCIiHe nHtParopa.
Bee B npHpo.ne .nonJKHO GblTb rapIOH>lqHO H concpweH-
HO. Ho cooepweHHCMwee 113 reoMeTpH'lCCKllX Tell eCTb wap.
3CUIH TOJKellOll)f(lIa 6b!Tb conepweHHa. CTaJlO 6blTb, 3CMJ1JI -
wap!
7. Kp>lnTorpaMMa nyrclllecTBllc»
KlIIOCBb!e ClIOBa: a) naycToBCKHH, 6) .D.epJKaDH II ,
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52

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no iJUGZOHGAII: )J,PCi'iK.
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16. CTpayc. 17. fleonap.n. 18. An03. 19. BCnbBH'lHH.
B BbI.!lenCllllol! BepTIIKanH 'lI1TIleM: fEHPI1X MOPEnflA-
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4. OBpar. S. fony6b. 6. BbiOH. 7. lOr. 8. Wap. 9. EHOT.
10. HopKa.
54

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4. llleCT. 5. Ho'lb. 6. 'lenHOK. 7. Berep.
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ratl, r) TaHMblp, n) ATa6aCKa, e) HHKaparya, JK) OtleJKc-
KOC, 3) PyI10JlLtP. H) noono, K) 38M6e311, JI) lllarnbJTetillJ.
55

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56

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r) KOJlYM6HJI, JI) tJa.n, c) PyMbIHI1J1.
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59
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60

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19. PaCnJlaBJICHHaSl, npClIMYWCCTDClltIOClIJIlIKaTiiaSl, Mac-
ca my6lUlHblx 301i 3CMJlM. 20. 06J1aCTb pacnpoCTpaHc-
HlISi KaKOrO-JlII60 SlBJlCIiIlSi lia 3CMHOH nOBcpxHOCTII.
21. MCllKOBOJIliblH 3aJ111B C 1i1l3KIIr;m 6cpcraMII, o6pa3o-
naBllJlIHCSI npll 3aTOIUlClillll BO.QaMII MOpSi paCIlJMpCIIHO-
ro YCTbSl pCKH. 22. J1CTOPII'lCCKII CJlO}f(IIBlliaSiCSI 06lli-
HOCTb JlIO.QCH, B031111KW3S! Ha 6a3C C.QIIHOro Sl3bIKa,
rcppllTOpllll, 3KOHOMII KIIII npo'l. 23. XlIIl1HOC}f(MBOTHOC
CCMCHCTBa KOllJa'lbIlX, o611TalOIl1cc B TpOnll'lCCKIIX II
cy6TponwlccKIIX Jlccax !CPIlKII. 24. BblcMKa CCTC-
CTBCIiHoro npOIlCXO}f(.!lCIiIlSl, no KOTOpOH TC'ICT BO.QHblf'l
riOTOK. 25. 06pblBIICTaSI PbITBlIlIa, o6pa30BaliliaSi BpC-
MCHHblM BO.QOTOKOM Ha CKJlOHC. 26. TIcpcrnoH, OCHOB-
HaSi 'laCTb OpraHII'ICCKOrO BCIl1CCTBa nO'lBbl, 6CC<pOPMCH-
IiM TCMIIOOKpaWCHHM Macca. 27. 3apOCJlM cyxoJl10611BblX
KYCTapHIIKOB BblCOTOfi .QO 2-x MCTpOB B 3aCyuJJlMBbiX
pa$!ollax ABCTpaJIlIll. 28. OT.QcnbHo pacnOJlO}f(CHliaSi OT-
MCJlb, 06pa30BaHHaSi MCCTIiblM nO.QHSlTIICM .QHa TCKTOHII-
'ICCKOrO, BYJlKalill'lCCKOrO, HaHOCHoro, a 'Iallic CMcwaH-
Horo npOMCXO}f(.!lCHIISI. 29. HII3MCHHbIH KOPaJIJlOBbI$!
OCTpoB, OKaHMJlS/lOlliIlH MCllKOBo.QIiYIOJlaryny. 30. fopoJ1
B IiaBapll1l (f cpMaIlIlSl), r.Qc C lia'laJIa XVII BCKa CTaJlH
113rOTaBJIIIBaTb 3KllnroKII C oTKpbIBalOllillMcSI BCpXOM.
31. MCCTO npoM3paCTaIiIlSl.QpCBeCHOH, KYCTaplUlKOBOH 1'1
rpaBSIlillcTO$! paCTIITCJlbHOCTM B nyCTbIHSlX II nonynYCTbI-
liS/X. 32. XOJlM MJlII ropa C oKpyrnoH nepllJlIHOH (3TO
na3BalillC xapaKTCpHOJ1.J1S1 TCPPIlTOpllH JJ.aJlbHCrO BOCTo-
Ka, 3a6aHKaJlbJ1 II Ka3aXCTalia). 33. CIIHOHIIM CJlOBa
«KaPT3". 34. CllcTcMa MCJlKIIX 3aJ1l1BOB Y 3amUUioro
6cpcra A30BcKoro MOpSi. 35. MaTCpllKOBaSI OTMCJlb, nOJ1-
BO.QliaSi 'IaCTb MaTcpllKa, npllJlCralOlliaS/ K 6cperaM CyuJII.
63

36. Y3KIIH rny60KHH MOpCKO$i 3aJ1UB C BblCOKHMII CKaJllI-
CTblMU 6cpcraMII. 37. CJla60c nOMYTIiCHIIC n03.nyxa
y 3CMHOH noncpxHocTU, Bbl3BaHliOC paCCCSlliHCM CBCTa
lia MCJlb'laHllJHX '1aCTIIU3X BO.nbl, o6pa30BaBwllxcSI n pC-
3YJlbTaTC KOH.nClicaUIIII BOJI.HHorO napa npH OXJla)!(JlCIIIIII
B0311yxa. 38. fopo.n-noPT lia OCYpOBC KopclIKa, po.nIlHa
HanOJlCOHa TIcpBoro. 39. fopo.n ClllA, paCnOJlmKCHHblf'l
lia pCKC MHCCYPII. lliTaT Hc6pacKa. 40. CTOJlHl\a rocy-
J\3pCTBa Y!Op.nalUlH. 41. focy.napcTBo B IO)KHOH A31111 C
TCppllTOpUCH B UCHYpaJIbliOH 'laCTU fUMaJlaCB, rpallll'lIlT
C KHP 11 HH.nUCH. 42. TIpcJ\CTanllTCJlb CCMci1CTBa nOJlY-
06C3bSlll oYpJUla npIlMaTOB. apcaJI 0611TalillSi - OCTpOB
Ma.aaracKap. 43. O.nUH 113 JlCrCtUl.apHblX 6paTbCB - OCHO-
B3TCJlCf'I PIIMa. 44. 03epo B UCmpaJIbHOH '1aCTI1 Ccnepo-
CII6upCKOH HII3MCHHOCTII, Coc.nUliHCTCSI npOTOKOH.
C 03CpoM Xaprbl. 45. O.nHa H3 'lCTblpCX rJJaBlIbIX TO'IK
(CTOpOIi) rOpll30lITa (cTpaH ClJCTa). 46. CTOJlHua EaHrna-
.nelli, pC'IHOH nopT B .nCJlbTC fallra-EpaXManYTPbI.
47. fopo.n IIa lore TYPl.lulI. 48. Ha3naHuc po.na IIJlI1
nJlCMCli1l Y MOHrOJlbCKIIX II TIOpKCKUX IIapo.noB. 49. Hc-
JKDa'llIOC >KUlJOTIIOC CCMCHCTBa CBUHci1; 06uTacT B Cc-
ncplloH A<PPIlKC, EBpa31111, lia TCppHTOpll1l POCCIIII.
50. PCKa. 6cpywaH na'laJIO B qy.nCKO-TICKOBcKOM 03Cpe
II nna.a3101l1aSl B <1>UIICKIIH 3aJ1UB. 51. TIapHoKonblTHoc
>KBa'1Il0C >KlfBOTIIOC po.na 6apalion; 06uTaCT, B OCIIOBlIO:\!,
n ropax TICPC.nHCH, CpC.nIiCH. II UCIITpanbHoi1 A3UII.
52. Po.n naJIbMbl C O'lCHb JIJIHHHbIMU nCpllCThIMII JlHCTb-
HMU; npou3pacTacT lJ TponUKax A<PPHKU, AMCpllKlI, Ha
MacKapcHcKuX OC'TpOBax. 53. CTOJIIll\a KaMcpyHa.
54. fopOJI. B CMOJlCtiCKOH 06JJaCTII, po.nulia rnap.nIlH.
5. lJaimBopiJ c c[JpazMeHmaMu
4T06b1 33nOJlllllTh nycTblc I<JJCTO'IKU :JToro 'laHllBop-
.na, HY)KHO no xapaKTCplibiM npU311aK3M KOHT)'POB onpe-
.ncmlTb rocy.napCTBO U 3aTeM nfillcaTb cro Ha3BaHHC B CCTKy
rOnOBOJlOMKH.
64

tl
v   . ft ;t" (J '8' Ar_. b o.
4 rJlI'UII 
On...
'1-  : : : : ; : : : : :.: : : 
6. KpunmOepaMMa "#3 ucmopuu
C030anUR eAo6yca.
Hc CCKpeT, '1TO rn06yc CJJy)KIIT 3aMC'13TCJlbHCfhllllM
110C0611CM npll 113Y'ICHHII pa3nll'IIibiX HaYK 0 3cMJlc. 3T0
II nOHS/THO: BC.Qb on npCKpaCHO OTPa>KaCT «<jJmypy» nna-
IICTbI, .QaCT HarnS/J\HOC npC.QCTaBJICHlIC 0 HCH. A Kor».a >KC
BncpBblc nOS/BllncS! rn06yc? KTO cro C03.QaJI? EblJl JIll :no
O.QlIH 'lcnOBCK, lInlllla.Ll. C03.QaHlICM MO.Qenll 3CMJlII pa60-
TaJln MHornc?
Ha BCC 3TlI Bonpocbl Dbl MO>KCTe nony<JlITb OTlICTbl,
paCllm<jJpOBaB 31)' KpllnTOrpaMMY, onllpaS!Cb Ha I<JJIO'IC-
Dble CJlODa.
3 - 2785
65

I. OmTaCTC$!, 'ITO caMblf'I ncpBblH rn06yc 6blJl 113T'O-
TOBJICH BO II BCKC 11.0 H. ::I. KCM IIMClitlO? Ero I1MH Bbi
npo'lTCTC B ncpBOH C'rpOKC ronoBOJlOMKJ1.
2. B ::ITO )f(C BpCMH nOHBJUlOCb n011.p061i0c onllcalille
cnoco6a 113rOTOBJICHlliI MOJ\CJlI13CMHOro Illapa c reorpa4;l1-
'1CCKOf'l CCTKOH. C11.CJlaJl3TO... CnOBOM, paCIllIl4;poBbl8."IHTC
BTOPYIO CTpOK)l Kpll!ITorpaMMbl - U BaM BCC CTatiCT HCIIO.
3. IIIJlo BpCMH, 11 lieKIIH Cpc11.liea3UaTcKuH Y'!CHblH
C1J.eJlaJI rn06yc, KOTOpblH O'lCHb TO'lIlO - 1J.JIH Toro ncpIlO1J.!t
pa3Bu111H 'ICJlOBC'ICCTBa - OT06p3)f(aJI npe1J.CTaBJICHIIC
JlI011.CH 0 3CMHOM lllapc. Ero IIMH Bb! npo'ITCTC B TpCTbCH
CTpOKC ronoBOJlOMKU.
4. B XV DCKC O'lcHb Y1J.a'IHYIO M01J.CJlb n01J.0611H 3CMJlII
cMaCTCpllJl IICMCUKllf'I reorpa4;, I1MH KaTOpOro 3alllu4;po-
BaHO B 'ICTBCPTOH CTpO'lKe KpllnTorpaMMbl.
5. PyCCKUC YMCJlbUbi TO}f(C He OTCTaBaJllI OT Jana.!UlbiX
YMOB. 01J.IIUM 113 ncpBblX rJl06YCOD, 113rOTOBJICliHblX Y Hac,
D POCCIIU, 6blJl rn06yc 11.UaMCTpOM 91,5 CM. KaPTa lia ero
nODCpXIIOCTII liaHCCClia npll nOMOll(U KpaCOK, BPY'!HYIO.
IhroTOBJIella MOl\CJlb B KOIII.lC XVII - lIa'laJlC XVIII BD.
nCKOBCKllM 11.bJlKOHOM... TIoCJle11.HHH CTpO'lKa ronoDOJlOM-
KII nOJ\CK3)f(CT DaM cro I1MH.
KJJlO'lCBblC CIlODa:
a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2 - OTDCpcTIIC B m:plllllllc BYJlKaHa.
'ICpC3 KOTOPOC U3BepraeTCH ]laBa;
6) 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 - M01J.CJlb 3CMlloro mapa;
B) 12, 8, 2, 8, 13 - O'lelib CllJlbHbIH XOJlO1J.;
r) 14, 15, 16, 17, 15 - 04;1Il.lllaJIbliblf'l H3b1K HH1J.IIII;
11.) 18, 19, 20, 1, 3 - MHrKaH nbllllHaH 6YJlo'lKa;
e) 21, 8, 22, 16,3 - opraliU30DaHHaSl BOOPY>KClillaJJ
60pb6a Me>lUlY rocY11.apCTDaMII, K11aCCaMII UJIU lIal.lIlHMII.
7. BUKmOpUlta ..napaJULeJLu U MepUauaHbt'9
J. Bce JIll TO'lKJ1 3CMHoro mapa UMCIOT IllUPcrry
II .nOJlrory?
2. H330BIITC MeCTO, YKa3aliHOC lIa Kap-re, C KOTOpOro
66

)0-
bI
Ha'LHliaCTCSI OTC'ICT liJMpoT II .QOJlrOT; O. Wllponl II O.
.QOJlroTbi. r.QC OliO liaxo.QIITCSI?
3. ITo.nyMaHTC II CKaJKIITe. KaKoBa WUpOTa CCBCplioro
II IO)!(Horo nOJllocolJ?
4. CYWCCTDYIOT JIll lia 3CMJlC TO'lKII, MCCTOHaXOJKlJ;C-
lutc KOTOpblX B03MO)!(HO onpc.QenuTb, UMCSI n.JHlibIC TOJlb-
KO 06 IIX n.OJlrOTC rum TOJlbKO 0 WllpOTC?
5. ITpC.QCTalJbTC cc6c liawy 3cMJIIO II nonp06YHTe
CKa3aTb, CCTb JIll Y IiCC caMaSi CCBCpliaSl, caMaJJ IO)!(HaJJ,
caMaSi 3ana.uliaSl, caMaSi BOCTO'lHM TO'IKII. ITOJI}"IIIJIOCb?
TaK r.nc >KC liaxO.ll.iITCSI Olut?
6. CYWCCTBYCT JIll TaKM .QOJlroTa, '1TO lJ paBHoH MCpC
C'lUTaCTCSI U 3ana.Ll.HOH, U BOCTO'lHOH?
7. ITonpo6yiITe BCnOMHI1Tb, KaKoH nOJlyocYpoB Poc-
cml pacnOJlaraCTCJI B 3ana.uIlOM nonywapul1?
8. TIoCTapalhccb BCnOMflIITb, KaKOH McpMllaH .QCJIIIT
POCCUIO lia .QBC palJHble no .QOJlroTC '1aCTI1?
9. TIpen.CTaBbTC ce6e, '1TO IICKIIH nyrclllccTBCHHIIK
peWIIJI COBCpllllITb KpyrOCBCTHoe nyrewccTBHC II npoJlo-
)!(IIJI Maplllpyr C 3ana.ua lia lJOCTOK TO'IHO no nap8.llJlCJlII.
Onpe.QCJlHTC, B KaKOC MCCTO OH lJCpIlCTCH?
10. CYWCCTBYCT JlI1 lia 3CMJlC MCCTO, r.Qc COJIIU.lC
Bccr.na CBeTIIT C CCBCpa, a OCBCll(CIIHb[C 11M npC.QMCTbl.
o-rt5pacblB3IOT TCHb TO)!(C lia CCBCp?
II. ECTh JIll lia 3CMJlC MCCTO, r.nc, Ky.na 6b! Mbl HII
nOlllJlU, BCCma 6Y.QCM .QBuraTbCSI B IO)!(HOM iianpaBJICIiIlIl?
12. CYWCCTBYCT JIll TaKOC MCCTO, mc BCC BCYpbI -
TOJlbKO CCBCpliblC?
13. Kor.Qa HaM 1i}')IC1 [0 onpC.QCJlIITb nOJlO)!(CHIIC CTOpOH
ropu30llTa, Mbl npc)K.llc Bccro IIll(CM CCBCp. A CCTb JIll lia
3clJIc TaKOC MCCTO, r.nc liaw B3rml1J: Bccr.Qa 6y.nCT 06pa-
Il(CH Ha CCBCp?
14. Mbl C BaMII}')ICC npIlBblK11l1, '1TO 0.Q1111113 fJlaBHblX
OpUCIiTllpOB Ha IIc6c - ::no ITOJlSlpliaSi 3BC31!a. Ho CCTb
WUPOTbI, r.Qc OHa COBCpWCHHO IIC BMlla. Ha30BIITc IIX.
15. Bcc 31ia1OT, '1TO McplIJ\lIallbi paBlibi no WlIIHC. Ho
BC.Qb lIa KapTC nOJlYlllapllH Mcpll.QllaH, npOXOJUlll(lIH no
Ie
I-
e
I.



t
3"
67

CCPC)JJIHC nOnYllJapllSl, HaMlloro MCHbllJC (KOPO\[C) CBOCro
.6paTa'>, paCnOJlO}f(CIiIiOro lIa KpalO KapTb[. KaK }f(C 31'0
nOlUmaTb? 06MaH? fD,C }f(C AlmHa MCpllD.HaHa nOKa3alla
a6COJIIOTtIO BCpIlO?
8. Ox, Y31C amu zeozpar!}U'leCKUe
KOOpaUnambt!
3aiJa'lII I/a Coo6pa3l1melbl/OCl/lb
1. HaMD.11Tc Ha KapTc OCTpOU B ATJlallTH4CcKOM OKC-
allC, ccnH H3BcCTHa TonbKO cro llmpOTa -7"57'. HTaK. cro
«HMil'>?
2. IlPCD.CTaBbTC'CC6e, '11'0 Bbi nyrelUcCTBYCTC no OKC-
any, nBHraSiCb CTpOro no 52" [0}f(1I0H lImpOTb!. KaKHC
ocTp013a MOJyr nC}fffiTh npSlIO no KYpCY_BallJcro CYJllla?
3. 'TIonpo6YHTC onpCD.CnUTb lIanpaBnCIIHC D.BII}f(CIUlSI
Kopa6nSl, ccnH BO BpCMSI nJiaBaIlUSi H3\tCBSlCTCSI 1IIIUlb
WHpOTa, a D,OnrOTa OCTaCTCSI 6C3 U3MCIiCHHH. A TenCpb
nOnblTai1Tccb CD.cnaTb TO }f(C caIOC, 110 npH nCCKonbKO
IIIIOM ycnoBIIH: npOIlCXOD.IIT H3MCIlCIlHC TonbKO D.OnroTbl,
a llJllpOTa IIC MCHSlCTCSI.
4. BHI1MaTenbll0 paccMoTpl1TC <jJ1I311'ICCK)l1O KapTy
MHpa H nonblTai1Tccb lIa"T11 caMYIO CCBCPIiYIO H caMYIO
IO}f(HYIO B MlIpC CTOmU\bl rocYD.apcTB. Ha30Bl1Tc HX
II onpcD.cnlITC, Ha KaKHX wllpOTax OHiI pacnonaralOTcSI.
5. CHoBa B03bMCM B PYKH KapTY H nonp06ycM lialiTII
OCTpOB, 6cpcra KOropOro pacnOJlO}f(Clibl 6J111}f(C BCcro
K CCOCPBOMY nomocy.
6. IlpCD.CT3BbTC cc6c, '[TO DaM D.OBcpHnll PYKOBOD.CTBO
3KCnCD.Hl.lllci1, lianpaDilSllOWCHCSI K CCBCPIlOMY nOJIlocy.
Kor.n:a Bbi Y3"aJ1l1 06 3TOM, TO liaXOD.HJIIICb B nCKOCH TO'IKC
Eopa31U1. KaKoi1 HaH60ncc KOpoTKIIH MaplllpYT Obi Bbl6c-
pCTC 0 llallllOM cnY'lac? Y'[TIITC, Ba1 IIy)KHO KaK MO}f(1l0
6blCTpCC D.OCTH'lb CCBcplloro nomoca, IIC nOJlb3YSlCb ca-
MonCTOM.
7. OnpCD.CJII1TC, 'ITO pacnonaracTCSI cCDcpncc: Kpai1-
68

HUH CCBCpHblH MbiC A<PPIlKIi unll Kpaf'IIUd\ IO)!(Hblf'l MblC
Enponbl?
8. HaH.nuTc Ha.Kapre CCBCpliblH MblC HOBOH 3cMnllll
CaMYIO CCBCPIiYIO OKOlieoJHOCTb Eopa31U1. OrucKaJIII? KaKaJI
U3 3TUX rcorpa<pwlccKIIX TO'ICK pacnonmKCHa 10.>KHCC?
9. Ilpll nOMOlLlH KapTbl onpCJ\cnllTC caMblH CCBCplib/H
H caMblH 1O}f(lIblH ropo.na Mupa. BbI'IUCnUTC (npuMcpHO)
ux IlUlpoTbl.
10. Bbl - KanllTIlli cy.nHa, cOBcpwalOwcro PCry.nSlP-
HblC pCHCbl no aKBaTopllSiM CCBCpHblX MOpCH U cnc.nylOwc-
ro U3 CaIiKT-IlcTcp6ypra BO BnamlBocToK. IloCTapaiITecb
onpCJ!cmlTb WUPOTY KpaHHcrl CCBCpHof'l 70'lKII, KOTOpOH
Bbl .nOCTHrliCTc BO BpCMSI nnaBaHUSI.
II. HaH.nme Ha KapYe KpaHHlO1O IO}f(HYIO 70'lKY Hop-
Bcnm U onpc.ncmlTe cc WllpOT)'. A TCnepb onpc.ncnIlTc, C
WHpOTOf'l KaKoro ropo.na POCCIIII OHa (npIlMcpIiO) COBna-
.naCT. CnpaBlIJIlICb C 3TOH 3a.na'lCH? B TaKOM cnY'lac
OTbllllllTC caMYIO KpaHHIOIO rcorpa<pH'ICCKYI070'1K)' IlIBc-
!.lUU II Bbl'IIICnIlTC (npHMcpIiO) wUpOT)' ropo.na IIJIII ropo-
.nOB EnponcHCKOH 'laCTII POCCHU, cOBna.nalOll!YIo C IiCH.
12. CYlllCCTBYlO7 nil lIa 3CMnc napaJIncnu, npoxo.n5l-
wUc TonbKO no cywc? A TonbKO no MOplO? Ecnll TaKOBblC
UMCIOTC5I, H330BIITC TO'IKl!, 'ICpe3 KOTOpblC OIlH nponcral07.
13. Onpc.ncnll7c no KapTc caMYlo KOIITUHCIITaJlbHYIO
napaJIJICnb (TO CCTb nponcralOwylO no reppJiTOpHII C
MaJlblM KOnH'ICCTBOM MopcKoro npocYpaHCTBa). A H3
KaKUX wlfpoTax a6conIOTli0 HCT cYUlII?
14. Ilonb3Y5lcb KaPTOH, liaH.nIlTc caMblC KOllnIHCH-
TaJlbHblC MCpll.!lllalibi. Hawnll? T cncpb nOnblTaf'ITCCb «pa3-
BCllaTb» Koop.nUHaTbl caMblX MOpCKUX MCpll.!lualioB.
15. IlocMOTpIlTe lia KapT)' If nOnbiTaHTCCb OTBCntTb Ha
cnc.nYlOlllHH Bonpoc: CTOnH!.lbl KaKUX rocy.napCTB B A311H
lIaxo.nsncSi 3ananHCC MOCKBbl?
16. KaK Bbi 3IiaCTC, AMcpuK3 «noCTpoclla» 113 .nBYX
MaTcpUKOB: CCBCpliOH II JO}f(IiOH AMCpHKU. MO}f(HO nil
CKa3aTb, KaKOH 113 HIIX MO}f(IiO lia3BaTb 3anaLUibl'l.I,
a KaKof'l - BOCTO'lliblM?
69

17. BaM npen.nO)Kill]H opraHH30BaTh xpyrocBCTHYJO
3KCnClll1L\lIlO C HCKOTOpblM YCJlOBlICM: ce Mapllipyr J{OJI-
)KCH npOJlcraTh lIJIH no 3KBaTOPY, lIJIJ{ no 60' ccnepHoH
lliliPOTbi. Ballia 3aJIa'la - Bb16paTb Hal160Jlcc KOpoTKlIU
nyn,.
18. CHOBa Mbl C BaMH llOJlJKHbl OTnpaBHTbCSl B KpyrO-
CBCTIloe nyrClliCCTBliC (c 06Sl3aTCJlhHbIM n03BpalUCHlICM B
TO'IKY CTapTa). Y Hac CCTb B03MOJKHOCTh Bbl60pa BHUa
TPaHcnOpTa. MO)KHO OTnpaBltTbCSl CaMOJlCTOM, cpcJUum
CKopOCTb KOTOporo 800 KM/'l. H JlCTCTb CTj)oro BllOJIb
3KBaTopa; MO)l(HO ruIblTb Ha KOpa61IC co CpCJUfCH CKOpo-
CTblO 40 KM/'l., npoKJIa,lU,IBaSl KYpc no 60' IO)I(HOt! IlIl1pOTb/;
HaKOHCL\, npCAilaraCTCSl JlbVKHblt! Maplllpyr no 89' IO)I(HOH
llil1pOThI co cpellHCH CKOpoCThIO OKOJlO 12 KM/'l.. A TCncpb
nOD.YMaMTc, KaKOC BpCMSl Bbl JaTj)aTHTC npl1 KroKJJ,OM BHUC
ncpeABllJKCHlISl, nyrelllcCTBYSl BOKpyr 3CMJlI1?
19. KaKliM-TO 06paJOM Bbi OKa3aJ111Cb Ha HaY'IHO-
IlccncAoBaTeJlhCKOM CYllHC, cnCllYIOlUCM 113 ATJlaHTII'ICC-
KOro OKcaHa B TlIXI1t! 'l.Cpe3 TIaHaMcKI1i'1 KaHaJI. B KaKOM
HanpannCHHII B 31'OM cnY'lac 6YllCT ,ll.BllraThCH Balli Kopa6J1b?
20. PCaJlbHO JIlt COBCpllillTh KpyroCBCTHOC nyrellic-
CTBIIC, nOCTOSlHHO ncpCMCIUMCb C 3analla Ha OOCTOK?
A ccnl111Bl1raTbCSl C cCBcpa Ha lOr?
21. KapTa nOllCKa3blBaCT, 'l.TO 113 CaHKT-TIcTCp6ypra
BO BJlalll1BOCTOK MO)KHO nonaCT!>, I1CnOJlb3YH Tj)1t MOPC-
KI1X nyrll: CCnCpHl>lt!, IOJK!Jblt! (BOKpyr A<jJpI1KI1) 11, HaKO-
HCl\, 'ICpe3 CY3wmH KaHaJI. OnpCACJlHTC, KaKoM 1t3 3m"
MapllipyroB caMblt! AilI1HHblt!, a KaKot! - caMblt! KOPOT-
KIIM.
22. TIpellCTaBbTC, '1TO BaM HY)l(HO Ha Kopa6J1e nonaCT!.
113 JIoHAoHa B ropoJ{ BeJlJlI1HITOH, KOTOPblt! SlDJUlCTCH
CTOJIIIL\CH HOBot! 3CJlaHllIIH. Y BaC eCTb IlBa BapllaHTa
nyrcllieCTBlm: nJlblTb 'l.epC3 naIJaMCKIII1 KaHaJI I1J1H npo-
JlO)l(llTb Maplllpyr 'lepC3 Cy3UKI1M KaHaJl. KaKYIO 1t3110por
Bbl BblOcPCTC, 'lT06bl COKpaTHTb npcMH npC6blBaHIISI B nyrn?
23. B03MOJKHO JIll COBCpllil1Th nCpeJlCT 6C3 ellllHoH
nOCallKI1 'l.Cpe3 TlI"I1H OKcaH 113 CHHranypa J{O JanaIlHblX
70

6cpcrOB IO)I{HOH A1.ICpI1KII, llBliraslCb CC Bpe"HI BlIOJlb
JIIIHI1II 3KOaTOpa? YIJTIITC, MaKCllMaJlbHaSillaJIbHOCTb no-
JlCTa HalllCrO CaMOJleTa - 9200 KM
9 _ Pe6yc-aazaiJtm
npo'II1TaO 3TOT pe6yc, Bbl CMO)l{CTC n03HaKOMI1TbCSI
C rcorpa4>lIIJccKoii 3ara.nKoH. A BOT OTra.nK)' HafuI.J.ITC
caMII.

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71

10. B03b.Me.M 8 PYKU Kapmy
DIJH ObInOnHCHlIH'3TOro 3aIlaHIIH Ba1 nOllaIlo611TCH
JlI3I1'ICCKaH KapTa \Hlpa. Halllnll? £1pCKpaCHO! TenCpb
nOnblTaMTCCb HaMTII Ha HCM HooylO 3Cnall'/\l1lO, HOByro
KaJ1CJlOHIIIO, Hooyro fOI1IJCIO. CnpaOl1l11lCb C :nOM 3aIla-
'ICM? B TaKOM ClIY'Jac OTBCTbTC, f,/\C lIaXOJl5lTCSJ «CTapblC»
3CJJaIlJUIH, KaJlCJ\OIlI1SJ, fDlIHCH? liI CHona KapTa... Onpc-
lleJIIITC MeCTOHaXO)!(llCHIIC HOOOM Epl1Talll1Jl, HOBOM
liIpnallJUllI 11 HOBOM LUOTnaIUUlII.
11. 3aiJa'la Ita coo6pa3UmeJlbnOCmb
«CKaqJUc 3pamoccjJena»
\ n\{OnH\
\ 
\ 
\
\
AcyaH
fiepCJI BaMI1 pI1CYHOK, Ha KOTOpOM 11306pa)l(cn 113BC-
CTHblM cnmCTCKHH MaTCMaTI1K 11 rcorpa<jJ 3paTOc<jJcII.
011 CTOI1T Y CBOcro oco6oro npl160pa (cKa<jJI1Ca). liIMCHHO
npll nOMOllllI 3Toro npllcnoco6ncHlIH llPCBIII1f1 MaTCMa-
TIIK CYMe]] Bbl'lIIClIIlTb - npl1'1CM nO'lTII TO'IHO! - JlHa-
MCTp H paJll1yc 3CMHoro Illapa. BHIIMaTcnbllO paCCMOTpI1-
TC pIlC}'HOK H nonpo6YMTC 06bHCHI1Th, KaKIIM 06pa30M
3paTOccpCH cY\lcn JI?6HTbCH CTonb nOTpSlcalOlllcro pC-
3ynbTaTa.
72

12. FeozpatjJU'leCKUem Zy6bt, HOCbt U YCbt
KOMY-TO nOAo6HoC Ha3BaHlfC JlalliCrO O'lCpCAHOro
3aItaHI1H nOKa)!(CTCH C!>IClliHbIM, a 3pH: I1CTI1HllblC mo6UTC-
JIll rcorpa4>1111 cpa3Y nOHHnl1, 'ITO pc'lb I1ACT 0 rcorpa4>l1-
'lCCKI1X o61,cKTax, B Ha3BaHI1H KOTOpblX OXOIlIiT cJlooa
(,ry.6a.). «IIOC.) II ('yc». liITaK, n03bMCM 0 PYKU KapTY POCCIII1
II nOCT3paCMCH KaK MO)!(HO 6b1CTpcC OTblCKaTb Ha HCII
ry6b1, HOCb! 11 YCbl. MO)!(CTC STO AcnaTb BIlBOCM, COPCBUY-
HCb 0 CKOpOCTI1 nOI1CKOB.
13. FOJtOBoJtOMKa 'fIMyapble CJlOBa"
TIonpo6YIITC JlallTI1 npaOllnbJlblfl anropl1TM .lVlH 'ITC-
lJl1H, TorAa Obi CMO)!(CTe y3HaTb MYIlPblC cnOBa 113BCCTJlOro
PYCCKoro IIccncIlonaTcnH II nyrclliccTOClllIl1Ka TIcYpa TIeT-
pOBl1'1a CC'-ICHona- THH-LUalicKoro.
K C P T A n A K H n E M E H C 0 A
n A p T C B T )I( A E I; T 8 K r T /I
T E K )I( A 3 r M B K P n T M 0 H A
0 A n K p K C 0 T 0 0 M II r 'I p b
3 II 0 I; P B E r A /I n )I( /I 3 E K M
n /I M II H 'I 0 H n r p II C H T i'1 y
n C!> K 'I H K 'I n E M C H M A r I; B
r A /I 0 )I( M 3 H M i'1 0 A n 0 p 0 c
n T 'I y E C!> 0 'I E II C /I A 3 A I; B
0 Y -n III p r c T n K M T H
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73

14. 3aiJa'Ul iJAR apyiJum06 ftKapma
3pamoccjJena.
liI3BCCTHbiM enmCTCKIIM MaTCMaTliK 11 rcorpa4> CYMeJl
He TOJlbKO 113MCpllTb OKpyJKHOCTb 3CMJIII. OH OBCJI B
0611XOA TaKllC nOHHTIIH, KaK <<napallJlCJlI1» 11 «McpIIIllla-
HbI.,. liM11 Mbi nOJlb3YCMCH II nOHblHC. Y'IClIbIM nOCTpol1J1
ccn..)' napaJIJleJleM II McpIlAHaHOB, a Ha CC OCHOBe COCTa-
BHJJ K3pry 3CMJlI1, Omlpal!Cb Ha TC HaY'IHbIC CBCIlCHI1H,
KOTOpblC 6blJIII Ilo6b1Tbl 0 TO BpCMH.
BlIl1MaTCJlbHO nOCMOTpllTC Jla K3pry, COCTaBJICHHyiO
MHoro-MHoro BCKOO Ha3a.l1, H CpaBHIITe CC C COBPCMCH-
HOtt A Tcncpb nocnyrnai1Tc 3aL(3HI1C... XOT5I :noM KapToM
II nOJlb30BaJlIICb BnJlOTbJ{O KOHl.\a I DCKa H. 3., Ha HCM CCTb
ollll16Ka. HaMAIITe Cc!
15. KPUCC-KPOCC ftJlTo6umeJlRM monozpacjJuu.
B OTJIII'IHe OT npI1Bbl'/HOro naM KpOCC/lOp.na ::ITa
3a'1.a'la HCMlIoro npOllC: JlyJKlIO roTOBblMH cnOBaMli 3a-
nOJJllIlTb CCTKY roJlOBOJlOMKU. BnpO'lCM, ::ITO TOJlbKO Ha
ncpOblM 03rJJIU( BCC npoCTO...
uoea dAR peruelfUH 3ada'lu: Eapa6all, BIITI1M, B3ro-
pbC, Bcxa, ropoD;, rpnAa, mCT'ICp, ropa, Koca, KpOKll,
74

Kocorop, nyKa, nHHctlKa, MeTp, nmCOTCpMOMeTp, OOpar,
06DaJI, OCI1Ha, 03Cpo, naHOpaMa, nOnlOC, nOIlOIllBa, nnaH,
petlKa, CCtlCMOrpaclJ, TPona, TCOAOJIIIT, 3KJ111MCTp, 'JCXOJI,
1130TepMa.
16. KpunmozpaMMa «HMR B zeozpmlJUu,"
HancpHoc, oce'-I DaM 3HaKOM pOMaH )I(IOJUI BepHa
«nCTH Kanl1TaHa fpaHTa» H OI1l1H 113 ero repOCB 'JYIlaK-
Y'ICHbltl narallcnh. 3ToT qCJ!ODCK, HCCMOTpH Ha COOIO
HcnpHCnOco6JICHHOCTb K TilrOTaM )K1I3H1I, - HaCTOHIllI1i'1
KJlaIle3b My.npOCTII. OAHIDK,/J,bl, DO BpCWI pa3rOBOpa C
ACTbMI1, TIaraHcnb BblCKa3aJI O'lCHh J.lHTepeCHyIO MblCJIb,
KacalOlllYlOCH cyrl1 rcorpaclJlI'JCCKIIX Ha3BaHHi%. Ho 'lTO
75

It 10 18 3 23 .. 21 3 7'" 5 2 7 9 2 5 4 14 P-"I
24 16 6 ,. 9 13 25 .. 1 2 9 5 6 ,. 18 16 6
18 3 15 6 9 3 19 .. 21 3 7 "221 2 9'"
8 1 2 20 11 2 5 13 16 9 2P':6 5 ,. 5 3
13 10 17 3 13 16 9 10 3 16 ,.. 11 15 14 ,.
- }-?-<- 8 3 6 8 1 2 12 4 4'" I - ,\...,...,..
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)J.JIjj :HOro pacllll1\l>pyiiTC Kpl1nTorpaMMY, onl1panCb Ha
CJlC.nylOll.lI1C KJ11O'JCBbIC cnona:
a) 6, 19, 3, 2, 5 - HcnpcpblBJ/a51 OOllHal! o6onO'JKa
3C'vIJlI1, OKpY)l(alOll.lan MaTepl1KI1 11 oCTpoBa;
6) I, 3, 19, 2 - nocTonllHblii BO.nHblfi 110TOK, I1MC-
100Ltlli'l CCTCCmCUI/OC pyCJIO;
D) 6, 7, 3, I, 6 - nplipOOllblll BO.nOCM B yrny6nCHlII1
cyulI1 ;
r) 8, 3, 23, 7, 3, I - I1CTO'JIII1K, nCpliOJlII'JCCKI1
Bw6paCbIDalOll.lJlii <jJoJ/TaH ropl!'lcii BOJlbl 11 napa;
JI) 6, 13, 16, I, 6, 9 - OTIIOCllTCnbHO Hc6onblUoi'l
}"IaCTOK CYUII1, OKPYJKCHHblii no.noii;
c) 2, 12,8,2,5,4, 13, 16,2, 5 - rocy.napCTOO 0 A31111;
)I() 9, 15,2, 11,4,9, 6, 13, 16,6, 19 - noPT Ha)J.aJ1bllCM
BOCTOKC;
3) 2, 21, 4, 11,20,2,5 - KpynHblfi ropoll-nopTB KOT-
JI' 11 oyap;
11) 17, 10, 18,4,5 - paiiOHHb11l LtCIITp B rpOllHCHCKOii
06J1aCTI1, Pccny6nl1Ka Ecnapycb;
K) 22, 14,5, 11,20 - norpaml'lHa5I pcKa B TaD.JKlIKIICTaHC;
JI) 24, I, 4 - OllHO 113 03Cp B CI1CTCMC BeJIJIKJlX 03Cp
CCBCPIIOii AMCpI1KII;
M) 23, 25, 9, 4, 5 - ropo.n II HopBcnm, pacnOnO)l(CH-
IIbll! Ha 6cpcrax pCKl1 JIorcH.
76

17. 3aaa'la a./LR apyaumoB
«l!UJlUttapU'leCKUe npoeKu,UUi}
nepCll oa!>fII Tpll 4>paf\ICHTa B
KaPTbI, Ha KOTOpblX 11306pa:>KCH Olll1H
'.1 TOT :>KC Y'laCTOK CYlllll, OKPY:>KCIl-
Huff BOllllblM npOCTpaHCTBOM.
OnpC.QCnHTC. B '!CM llOCTOIIllCTBa 11
nCllOCTaTKl1 Ka:>K.1loro 113 4>parMcH-
Ton. Ha300l1TC I1MeHa C0311aTCnci'I
Ka:>K.1loro BI111a
npoCKllI1t! KapT. 6



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«Haiiau pa3J1U'lURi}
nCpCll BaMI1 }J.Ba pI1CYHKa. ncpnblt! pl1CYHOK npc}J.
CTaDnIlCT co6ol1 Tonorpa4>I1'!cCKl1ii nnall KaKot!-TO MCCT-
HOCTI1, BTopofi IIBJlIICTCIi I1CKa:>KCIIHOf! KOnl1CH ncpBoro.
Bama 3Ma'!a tlat!rn nSITt/3,lIl.\aTb pa3J111<1I1ii MC:>K.1lY
KapTaMI1.
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pllc.l
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19. Pe6yc (to fwpmozpaljiU'leCKUX
npoeKu,uRx.
nJlOCKOC H306pa)l(CHHC 3CMHOii nOBcpXHOCTII Ha Kap-
TaX, KOHC'iHO, HBJlHCTCH <<npoKPYCTOBbiM JlO:>KCM» rolH BCC"
rcorpa4>II'lCCKHX TO'iCK, pacnOJlO)l(CHlIbiX B pCaJlbHOi'l
)I(I13l1H Ha noocpXHOCTH C4>cPbl, TO CCTb Ha 3CMJlC. Kona
IIX nCpeHOCHT Ha Kap'l)', nOHCOOJlC nOHBJIlJlOTCH lICKa:>KC-
HlIH H HaM npHXOlllITCH Y'IIITbIBaTb HX npll HCnOJlb30Ba-
HlIlI nJlOCKOrO H306pa:>KCHlIH. 3TlI HCKa:>KCIIHH RanpHMYIO
330HCHT OT BHlla KapTOrpa4>II'iCCKOt! CCTKII, B KOTOpYlO Mbi
C BaMII «BTIICKHBaCM,) O'iCpraHliH MaTcpIIKOB. HCKOTopblf
KapTbl HCKa)I(alOT COOTHOIllCHHH rmoll.laIlcii, COXpaHH}/
"Pll :nOM paOCHCTBO ymoB (TaK Ha3blBaCMbiC «paBHO-
yrOJlbHblC npoCKUHlIJ», llPyrJlC, «o6cpCraH') COOTHOIllCHH!I
rmOIUa.l\ct!, HCKa:>KalOT O'iCpTaJIIIH MaTcpllKOO (TaK lIa3b1-
BaCMblC <<paOHOBCJlIIKIIC npOCKUHH»), TO CCTb ymOB. Oll-
HHM cnODOM, lICKaJKaH llallHblC yrnoo Ha KapTC, Mbl nO'iTli
HC «YPOJlYCM,) rmOll.lMb, H, eCTCCTBeIIllO, Ha06opOT. HCT-
II HllKorna He MO)l(CT 6blTb! - npOCKUliH, KOTOpa51 6bl
YllODJlCTDopHlla H yrJlbl. H nJlOU13JIb.
n peKpaCHO Oblpa311J1 3'1)' MblCJlb B CBOliX CTlIXaX
H3DCCTHblii Y'ICHblt!-KapTOrpa4> A. B. rC.l\blJlHH. Ho 'iTO
HMCHHO 011 CKa3aJ1, BaM npCllCTOIIT Y3HaTb caMHM, pac-
1lI114>POBaD 3TOT 60Jlbllloii pe6yc.
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"JIMR KapmozpaqJa'>
EOJII1 Db! npaDlfJlbHO 3anOmHITC ropll30lITaJlH alla-
BOpJla, TO D DbU\eJlCHHOli DCpnlKaJll1 CMO)t(eTC npO'lHTaTb
IIISJ (!JJIaMaI1JlCKOrO Kaprorpa4Ja, npCJJ.JIO)t(IIBWCro IIC-
CKOJlbKO DapllmnOD KapTOrpa4JI1'ICCKIIX npOCKUIIW. 0.:11I11
lf3 HlIX lla3BaJlI1 D cro 'lCCTh. 3TO UIIJllUlJlpWICCKaSJ P;ll'i1()-
yroJlbllml npOCKUIISJ KapThI Mllpa. lfCnOJlb3YCM8SJ II nOHbl-
IIC JJ.JISJ MOpCKI1X KapT.
80

8
g
11
I. rOpOJl B POCCIHf, 06J13CTllOii UCHTP, npllCTaHb H3
pCKC OKa; B HCM paCnOJlQ)KCH My3Cii HcropHl1 KOCMOH3B-
THKII UMellH K. 3. IJ.uOJlKOBCKoro.
2. rOpOJl B HBalloBcKoH 06J13CTII, nopT lIa peKe B01lra;
113BCCTCII C X'VI 'BCK3.
3. POCCIIHCKIIH ropOJl, 06J1aCTHOH UCHTp, pacnoJlo-
)t(CHllblH lIa 6cpcry L{ccllbl; 113BCCTCII C 1146 rolla.
4. ropoJl. B POCCIIU, 06J13CTHOfl UCHTp H8 pCKe YBOJlb;
110 1932 r.  HBaHoBo-B03HCCCHCK.
5. POCCUIICKIIH ropOll, B KOTOpOM npOU3BOJllfTCR
113BCCTH8R MapKa MOTOUHKJIOB.
6. rOpOJl B nCKOBCKOH 06J1aCTlf, p3Cn01l0)t(cllllblH Y
pCKII, BnaaalOlllcH B Bonry; B HCM pa3MClllaCTCH 061>CJl.H-
IIClillblH IIIICTInyr RlICpllblX HCC1ICJlOBamfff.
7. ropoll U KpynHcHwlfH nopT cDpallWfl1 lIa CpC.lUf-
3CMHOM MOpC 611113 YCTbR POHbl, MMuHIICTpaTlIBllblH
UCHTp Jl.cnapT3fCIJTa Eyw-JJ.lo-PoII.
81

8. ..ropo)]. BO <J>paHUlnt, npHropo)]. napllJKa, MMHlI-
crpanmHblti UClfTP llcnapTaMCHTa HBCJ!lfJI; C 1682 no
1789 IT. 3.L\CCb p33MCUlaJlaCb pe3H.J1,CHUlUI £l!paHUY3CKlfX
KOpOJlcti.
9. CToJUlua ECJIbnm, MMIIHIICTpaTlIBHblti UCHTp npo-
Blllluml Epa6aHT; MCCTO pa3MCWClUfH WTa6-KBapnlpbl
HA TO II E3C.
10. CTOJllIua mBCUml, nopT Ha DaJlTMtiCKOM MOpC.
II. rOpOll BO <J>paHufm Ha 6cpcry CPCllfl3CMHOro
MOpS!. .HBJlS!CTCS!lf3BCCTtlbIM KJIffMaTl1'lCCKlfM KYPOPTOM H
UCHTpOM TYPlf3Ma Ha n33ypHOM 6epcry; MMIIHlfcrpaTIIB-
IIbll! UCtlTP llcnapTaMcllTa nplfMOpCKlfC Anbnbl.
12. ropo)]. B CCBcPHoti HTaJlfm, MMMlII1cTpaTIIBllblti
UCHTp npODffHIIIUf If 06J1acTII; npll lfMncpaTOpc ABryCTc-
pm.ICKIDI KOJlOIiJUl; B 1563-1720 rr. - CTOJUma CaBO tic-
Koro rcpUorCTBa; B 1720-1861 rr. - CTOJlflua Cap)].ffllcKO-
ro KOpOIlCBcma, B 1861-1865 rr. - J1TaJlbS!HcKoro KOpO-
JlCBCTBa.
13. ropOl1 B I{ctlTpaJIbHOti HTaJlIU1, UCHTp npoBlfH-
11I111, OlllfH lf3rJlaBHCHWlfX9KOHOMI1'ICCKMX If KYJlbTYpHblX
UCHYpOB crpam>l; OCIlOBall B I BCKC)].O H. 9. plfMJlS!lIaMlIlIa
Mccre nOCCJlCHIUl 9TPYCKOB.
14. rOpOll B Hcnmufff, B AH)].aJlYClfM, Ha pCKC rBaaan-
KBlfBlfp; MMlfHlfCYparnBHblH UCHTp npODfIHUlIlf.
21. KpunmozpaMAta "KoMnac..
Pa3rMaB KplfnrorpaMMY, Bbl npO'lTCTC CIlOBa 0 KOM-
nacc - BCpHOM llPyre m060ro nyrewecTBCHHI-IKa If TYP"-
CTa. A 'IT06bl !JaM 6blJlO JlCI"IC pcwaTb 9T)' rOJlOBOJlOMKY,
onllpaMreCb Ha 3Ha'lCHlIS! CIICJ/.YlOllI.IIX KJllO'lCBblX CJlOB:
a) 13, 7, 5,9,4, 9, 15, 2 - J1fIHlfSl CC'IcmlS! nOBcJ)xHO-
cnl 3CMlloro wapa nJlOCKOCTblO;
6) 12, 17, 10, 15 - Ha3BaHlfC ropo.L\a B KpblMCKOH
06J1acnl;
B) 14, 15,8, 15,4 - Ollila lf3 'IaCreH CDCTa;
r) 16, 1,5 - ropo)]. B Hlf)!(Cropo)].cKOH o6naCTH;
82

:)

JJ.} 6, I, II, 18,4,15,5,11,10,3, l-ocHoBa,lfHcnnyr
nOJll1Tlf'ICCKOH CUCTCMbl KJJaCCOBoro o6111CCTBa;
c) I, 16, 19 - KpynHaSi pCKa 3ana)J,Holl Cu6upu,
o6pa30BaJmaSi cnUSIHUCM Kal)'HlI U EI1I1.
22. KpunmoepaMMu d(eHmp Poccuu.
KOr.I\a-TO O'lCHb MHoro B raJCTax U )!()'pHaJlaX nuca-
nOCb 0 reorpa£plf'ICCKOM ucmpc CCCP, KOTOpblH pacno-
naraJICSI 6m13 noccnKa TOKMa B HpJ<yTCKOH 06nacnl. rllC
JKC Tcncpb HaXOI(UTCR MCCTO, C'II1TalOllleeCSI reorpa£pII'ICC-
KUM UCHTpOM Poccuu?
HatlaJIbHUK nayqHo-cnopnmHot! 3KCnCl1JIU11l1UMC-
HU nanaHl1l1a, '1J1CH PyccKoro rcorpa£pI1'ICCKOro 06111C-
CTBa paCCKa3bIBaJI, '1TO B 1992 roJJ.Y 6blJlO npl1HRTO
PCWCHlIC OTKpblTb rcorpa£pII'ICCKI1I! UCHTp POCCUlI B
Ka'lCCTBC OllHoro U3 ,npH6yroB 1I0Boro roCYllapCTBa.
npUMcmm OpUfIIHaJlbHcHWylO £pOPMYJly,llaHHylO TO'lKY
Bbl'lIICJU1n 1l0KTOp TeXHII'ICCKUX naYK' n. EaKyr. OHa
npl13naHa O£pUUHaJlbHO II 3apCmCTpl1pOBaHa <!>CI(CPaJIb-
HOH cnYJK60H ICOI(C311l1 H KapYOrpa£plIl1. BOT CC TO'IHblC
KOOplll-iHaTbl - 66"25' c. w. H 94°15' B. ll. Ha llaHHOM
MCCTC CnCUUaJlbHOH 3KcnclllluucI! YCTaHOBJlCH MOHY-
MCIIT, npCI(CTaBJlRIOIUHI! c0601! 7-MCTPOBYIO CTCJlny c
I(ByrJlaBbiM OpnOM Ha BCpWIIIIC. HCMlloro B CTOpOHC
B0311BurHyr 8-MCTpOBblH KpCCT B naMRTb 0 CcprnH
83

PMOHC)t(CKOM. YCTaHOBKY 3TOrO naU!TIIOrO 3lJaKa 6na-
roCJ10BIIJI caM na'Tpuapx MCKCUfl II.
PaCllilf{}lpomm KpllnTorpaMMY, Bbl cw)t(eTe y3HaTb
('MpeC" rcorpmlmllccKoro UCH'Tpa POCCIUI. A nOMOryT DaM
CJ!CAYIOIUI1C-KJIIO'ICDbIC CJlODa:
a) I, 2, 3 - 4, 5 - 5, 2, 6, 2, 7 - CTOJIIIUa TalJ3aHml,
pacnOJlo)t(ClJa lIa 6cpery HHl1IlHCKOro OKeaHa;
6) 8, 2. 7, 9, 10, 3, 8 - ropo.u-nO(JT D rCpMa!ll1l1,
pacnoJlo)t(clIHblii D IIH)t(IICM Te'JCHIIII 3m,6bl;
D) 6, II, 12, 13, 3, 14, 10, 6, 15 - ropo.u-no(JT D
BeJII'K06pJ1TaJIIUl, UCIITp MC'TponOJilITCHcKOro rpa£pCTDa
McpcllcafuJ.; Haxo.uI1TCR npu Dna,n,CHlII1 pCKU Mcpcu
D J1cnall.uCKOC MOpC;
r) 8, 6, 2, 16, 8, 17 - ropo.u-no(JT B BCJIIIK06puTaHltu,
D lIJoTJlaliJlllll; HaXOlU1TCR D YCTbC pCKI1 KJwii.u;
.u) 5, 13, 12, 11,6, 15, 18 - ropo.u II MOpCKOH nopT D'
Hcnallllll lIa peKC rDa.n.anKDI1Dllp; B 1492 roAY U3 raDali1l
:noro nopm DbllllJla I-Sl :JKcnCJUIUIUI XpllcTo£popa KOJl)'M6a;
e) 9,17,7;9,13, 19 - ropo.u, RMSIlOlUlliicR O.uHUM lI3
maDllblX :JKOHOMH'ICCKI1X UCHTpOB H1J11I1I1; a,n:MlflmCTpa- .
Tl1BHb]H UCIJTp lllT3Ta Maxapalll'rpa;
84

)!() 27, 2, 19,20,2,21, 15 - ropoD: B KUTac, pacnoJlo-
)!(CHHbll! Ha 6cpcry pClGl <1>bIHbX3 (6acceHH XyaHX3);
11) 12, 2, 22, 2, 18, 7, 2 - ropolilf nopT B .HnOHlnt (Ha
OCl'pOBC XOHCIO), MMlfHI1CT'paTl1BHbIH UCHTp npc£Pc....lj'-
pbI; UCHTp smOIiCKOI'O CMOBOllCTBa;
K) 7,2,23, 10, 18,7,2 - ropoll B .Hnomnt Ha OCTpOBC
CUKOKy, MMlfHlfcTpanfBHblH UCHTp npc£pcKTYPbl 3XIIMC;
]I) 11,5,24,2,25,2,21 - ropOll D J1pallc, MMUHlf-
CTpan1BHbll! UCHTp OCTaHa; CTaplUlHCiiwl1H UClfTp XYllO-
)!(CCTBCHl1bIX pCMCCCJI If MlfHII3TlOpbl;
M) 3, 11,26:7, 17,21, 1 - rOpOlll1a IOrO-BOCTOKC
CiliA, MMI1Hlfcl'pan1BHblH UCI1l'p WTaTa Bl1prllHlHJ; D
ncplfoll f paJK.QaHCKOH BOtlHbl B CIIIA (1861-1865) S!B-
JlMCS! UCHT'pOM KOH£pCJlCpaUlHf IO)!(HbIX pa60DJIa1\CJlb'lCC-
KlfX lllTaTOD.
23. 3aiJaa iJAR BHUMamellbHblX
"reoepa4JUecKaR CKa3Ka..
BlfllMaTCJlbHO npO'lIITaI!Te TeKCT :JTOH Hc60JlblllOtl
lfcropmf II nOCTapal!Tccb Hal!nf B HeH KaK MO)!(HO 60JlbWC
rcorpa£plf'lCCKIIX Ha3BamfH. 06S!3aTCJlbHO Bocno]lb3YH-
TeCb rcorpa£plI'ICCKOM Kaproii II fcorpa£plf'lCCKI1M CJlOBa-
peM na3B3Iml!.
){(wlu-6b/RU oeoywKa mllxllii oa 6a6KO 006jJOR e lIfUpe
II oPYJlC6e. JIeoywKo HO 6epe2Y MOpR pbl6KY 1I0ellll, 6a6KO
P0},WIIIKU IICKOIIO.
1/0 Clloeo, KaK 6YPR e OKeOHe, 2p03Hblii Ma},WII n06eobl
I/CKamb R6UIICR: "YJIC R eac, PYCCKIIU HOpOO, ceo6oobl
IIUWY». TO'lum 3y6 Mallwu! TOllbKO nycmou CJ<.a3 - pYCCKue
lIapoobi n06eOllmb. C06pallllcb pYCCKlle 0PYJICUHbI oa pamll
Ha KYIIIIK060}'f nOlle, oa no nOIlR,lf COpOK ollell eopozoe
mallil. EJ/e Ma},wu /lom ynec. Tym-mo II oeoywKo 6b1J/,
eopOH06 Ma},we6b1X eallllll. Clloea C'laCmbe 00 }'fIIp no
3elfJ/e PYCCKOII!
Bom 60111 CKa3 npaeOlleblll... Y:JK KaK }'102 - paCCK03aJ/.
'1al/, lie flYWKlin.
85

24_ rOA060AOMKU
.l1ymewecm6ue no HnoHuu-.
3
8

}
4 6
7
2
5
10
.lI.JUI pcmcmUl :'lTOH roJlODOJlOMKU DaM nOHMo611TCH
nOllp06HaH KapTa 5Inomnt. BnucaD D DCpnlKaJlU 3Ma'm
CJlODa - rcorpa£plI'leCKIIC Ha3DaHiHI ropOllOD U nopTOD
CrpaHbl DOCXOjlmucro COJlHUa, Dbl CMO)t(CTC D DbIllCJICH-
tlOH ropll30HTaJlU npO'lllTaTb Ha1BaHlIC npu60pa )J)lH
3am1CI1 KOJlc6aHuI! 3CMHOl! nODCpXtlOCTH DO DpCMH 3CM-
JICTpRCCHUii IUlH npll MOIUHblX D3pbIBax.
I. OCYpOD Ha lOre 5InoHcKoro apXl1neJIara nJlOIUMblO
11,8 TbIC. KD. KM.
2. rOpOll " nopT, pacnOJlo)t(clllJbll! lIa TCppllTOpUU
OCTpODa KlOCIO.
3. ropOD. U noPT Ha TCppHTOpl1l1 OC1'pODa XOHCIO;
MMllIllICTpaTIIDllblH UCIITP npc£pct..1YPbl MIUlrn.
86

4. rOpoJllla CCBCpC OCTpOBa XOHCIO.
S. ropo.l\ U nopT Ha TCppUTOplfll oCTpoBa XOHCIO.
6. ropoJl, MMlfHlICTpanmHblH, 3KOHOMlf'ICCKUH U
KyJlb'I)'pHbIH l\CHTp OCTpOBa XOKKaHJlO; MCCro npOBCJJ.C-
HIIH 3UMlUIX 0,1I1MnIlHCKUX Itrp 1972 rOJla.
7. JInoHcKIIH ropoJJ.-noPT Ha OCTpOBC KroCIO, allMU-
fntCTpaTlmHblH l\CHTp npcllJcKTYPbl HaracaKu, KPynHcH-
WitH l\CHTp CYJJ.OCTpoCHltH.
8. ropoJJ.lI nopT, pacnOnO)f(CHHblH Ha OCTpOBC KIOCIO.
9. ropoJJ. Ha Tcppuropm! OCTpOBa XoIICIO, OTHOCH-
WltHCH K npc<lx:KTYPC <J>YKylf.
10. JInoHcKuH ropOJl, pacnOnO)f(ClIflblH Ha OCTpOBe
XOHCIO.
25. Tpoim.oii aH-aBop{J
fl.TlPU60Pbl {JAR C'l>eMICU MeCmH-OCmu.
KaK COCTaWlHIOTCH KaPTbl TeX 111111 IIUblX MCCT? Kro
3TO JJ.CnaCT? OKa3b1BaCTCH, :no TpY,l\ 6onbworo 'IuCJla
CnCl\lIaJlltCTOB. A Ha'umaCTCH BeC... C BblXO,l\a «B none.
oTpH,l\a rCO,l\C3UCTOB U TonorpallJoB, KoropbIe npOBOJJ.HT
C"bCMKy MCCTHOCTII U IfaMC'IaIOT OCHOBHblC OpUCHTltPbl
rum 6YJJ.YJ.l(CH KapTbI. B CBOCt! HcncrKol! pa60TC OIU!
ucnonb3YlOT pa3JUI'lHblC npu60pbllUlH onpClI.cncHIIH yrnoB
U paccToHHUH, BblCOT U nOHII)f(CHIIH pcnbCllJa.
rTpclUIaracM BaM Y3J1aTb H 3anOMHl1Tb Ha3BaHUH HC-
KOTOPblX 11lICTpYMCIITOB. .lI.nH 3TOro Bbl JlOII)f(HbIB 13CpTIl-
KaJlU aH8BopJJ.OB BnucaTb cnoBa, 3Ha'iCHIIH KOTOpblX nplt-
BOJJ.HTCH I1(1)f(C. ECJlH Bbl BCC C,l\CllaCTC npam1JlbHO, TO B
BbLUcnCHHblX rOpU30HTaJlHX npO'IlfTaCTC Ha3Bamm rcoJJ.c-
3I1'/CCKltX npu60pOB U UHCTPYMCflTOB.
AHaBopJJ. A: B 3TOH 'I3CTII 3M3'111 «cnpHTaHO» HaUMC-
HOBamlC nOpTanmHOrO reOJJ.C31t'lCCKOro nplt60pa lUIH
113Mcpcmm yrJloB HaKJIOHa Ha MCCTIIOCTII.
I. ropoJJ. H8 CCDcpO-3anallC MCKCltKIt, MMIIHUCTpa-
TUDHblH l\CIITp lllTaTa COflopa.
2. ropoJJ. fla CCBCpC CllA, WTaT J1J1J1I1HOHC, lIa
87

6 7
6
2 345
8
3 4
8
A:
6:
12
6
7 9 10
2
5
8
11
13 14
B:
6cpery 03cpa Ml1 t ntraH; 2-jj no 3KOHOMI1'JCCKOMY 3..atJC-
HI1IO lIaccJlcHHbl1l nYHKT rOCYllapcTna, KpymlblH Haytl-
IIblH liCHTp.
3. rOpDll..a ccncpc CIIIA, l1lTaT BncKoHClIH, nopT Ha
03CpC Mll t ll1rall.
4. ropo.n lIa ccnepo-noCToKc CIIIA, l1lTaT OraMo; nopT
na 03CpC 3pl1, OCliODaH n XVIII nCKC.
88

5. rOpOll Ha 10rO-33n3l1C KaH3l1bl, 3l1MIIHlIC1PaTMB-
HblH l\CIITp npOmHll\MII Anb6cpTa.
6. KaH3l1CKllfI ropOJJ.-nopT lIa pCKC CmlTOroJIaBpcII-
nUl; B HeM npOBOllllJllICb BCcntpHaH BblCTaBKa (1967) If
OmlMnlf3l1a (1976).
7. CTOJllIl\a KonYM6l1l1, paCnO]lmKCHa Ha BblC01C
CBbllllC 2500 MCTpOD. .
8. rOpOll II nopT B 3aJ1l1BC X3mTolI- POllC lIa IOro-
BOCTOKC CiliA, lllTaT Bnprmnm.
AHaBoPll E: I. rOpOll B naKIICTaHC, B nCHllJKa.
pacnono)t(cH Ha pCKC hma6;
2. CTOJllnla J1tU1.fnt, na pCKC L{>KaMHiI.
3. naKlICTaIlCKlIl! ropoll Ha pCKC Paml, 3l1MIIHIICTpa-
TIIBllblfl l\CHTp npOm-IJIl\1H1 nctUI.>Ka6; B 1799-1849 fr.
HBilHnCH CTOJIIIl\cfI CII KXOB.
4. HH)J.lIflcKIIH roPOll, pacnono)t(cHHblH Y CJUfHllJ1H
pCK MyclI II YClI, 3l1MIIHl1CTpaTllBllbIH UCHTp lllTiiTII
AHllxpa-np3l1Clll; OCllOBan B XVI BCKC.
5. CToilHua TallJlaHll8, MOpCKOI! nopT B YCTbC pCKIl
MCllaM-qao-npaSi.
6. CToJUlua A£l!raHllcTana; B Ha'laJlC XVI BCKa 6bl.l:1
CTOJ1I!l\CH roCYllapCTBa BCJIlIKIIX MoroJloB.
7. rOpOll lIa IorO-3an3l1C J1paHa, a.D,MlIllIlCTpaTlIBHblfl
UCHTp OCTIllla <J>apc; OCHOBaH B VII BCKC; BO 2-H n0J10BIIIIC
XVIII BCKa SlBJISl,lCSl CTOJIffl.{CH J1paHa.
8. rOpOll B naKllcT3HC, 3l1MffllllCTpaTIIBHblH ucmp
npOBffHUlIII ECilYJ],)KIICTIlH.
B BblllcncHHot! ropll30HTaJlII Bbl npO'lTCTC Ha3BaHllC
rCOllC3H'ICCKOrO npll60pa, cJI}')Kawcro l1IISi lI3MCpCHlfSl Ha
MCCTHOCTIi rOpll30HTaJIbHblXII OCp111KaJlbllblX yrnOB. 06bl'l-
HO OH npllMcHSlCTCSl npll rCOllC3I1'1CCKIIX, aCTpoIlOMlI'leC-
KIIX II !1H)t(CHCpllbIX pa60Tax.
AnaBop.n; B: B nocilc)J.HCH '13CTIi 33J1.a'III B Bbl)J.cncHHoii
rOpll30HTaJIII Bbl npO'ntTaCTe Ha3B8HllC npll60pa DJJjj lI3-
MCpClIIlSl anlOc£l!cpHoro )J.aBJICHlfSl. npllllUlm cro pa60Tbl
OCHOBaH Ha TOM, '1TO C lI3MCHCHHCM llaBilCHIISI MCIISlCTCSl
89

" TeMnCpaTYpa BO.nbl. 06bl'lHo OH npllMCHHCTCH n :3KCnc-
!l1l!tIlOllllbIX ycnooHHX B ropax (nplI OnpCl!CnCHIIII BblCOTbl
rOpHblX nIlKOB).
I. fopol! B CaPaTOBCKOM 06naCTII, npl!CTaHb lIa peKC
EonblllOli Hprll3; Ha3BaH B '1CCTb npeL\nO!lIlTCnH KpCCTb-
HHCKOH OOHHbl 1773-1775 IT.
2. KpynHbllI n8ccnCHHblH nYHKT 0 JIcHIIHrpMcKoH
06naCTII Ha peKC THXBIIHKa; 3.nCCb paCnOJlOJKCH !lOM-
MyJCH KOMn0311Topa H. A. PIIMclmro-KopcaKOBa.
3. fopo!l Ha peKC BCJlHKaJI, 06naCTHOM UCHTP; IICTO-
pIlKo-xyn;OJKCCTDCHHbIH II apXHTeKl)'pHblH 3anooen;HIIK.
4. fopon; H8 pCKC CCMM. 06naCTlioH !tCHTp; 1130CCTc1l
C 1032 r. KaK KpenoCTb KuCDCKOH PyCH; B xrv BCKC cro
3aXBaTblDaJla JIliTBa, c 1508 r. OH BOllleJI B COCTan PyCCKOro
rocY!lapcTB8.
5. fopon;-nopT Ha pCKC MpTblllI, 06naCTHOH !tCHTp;
OCIfOBaH 01716 r.
6. fopon;-nop-r Ha Bonrc, 06naCTIIOH llClITp; OCHonaH
B 1590 r. KaK YKPCIUICHHblH JTyHKT Ha IOro-BOCTO'lHbIX
rpaHH!tax POCCIIII.
7. fopon;-npHcT3HbHapcKcToMb npll BnMCHlIlIB HCC
peKII HCKIITIIM, 06nacTHoH !tCHTp; 0 1925-1932 rr. cro
Ha3blBaJlI! Il.lcrnoBcK.
8. fOpon;-npIICTaHb Ha peKe OKC npll nnMCHlI1I B HCC
pCKII Tpy6CJK, 06naCTHOM !tCHTp; 1130CCTcn C 1095 r.; n;o
1778 r. - nCpCHCnaBJIb PH3aIlCKI!H.
9. fopo.o.-nopT Ha peKC KaMC, 06naCTHOM llCHYp;
113BCCTCIf C XVII oCKa; n 1940-1957 n. - ropon; MOJlOTOB.
10. ropOn;-nOPT B TIOMCHCKOH 06J1aCTIi, pacnOnOJKCH
Ha pCKC HPTblUI, OCHooaH B 1587 r. KaK llCIITp PYCCKOH
KonOHII3a!tIlH CII6I!pH.
II. KpYl1llblH HaccnClllIblM nYHKT DO Bnan;IIMllpCKOH
06naCTII, rrpllCTaHb IIa OKC; (!>IIJllfaJI BnMIIMllpo-CyJ-
.nanbCKoro IICTOpHKO-apXIlTeKTypHOro II xyn;OJKCCTOCHHO-
ro MyJCH-3<1nOBCn;HIIKa; ropon; 113BCCTeH C 862 r.
12. ropon; Ha pCKC BOpOHCJK, 06J1aCTIfOH !tCIITp:
OCHonaH 0 1585 r. KaK KpenOCTb.
90

c- 13. fopoJ{-repoit Ha peKC Yna, 06naCTHofi ueHTp;
bl 113BCCTCH C 1146 r.; 113J\aHIISI opy>'!<diHblX MacTcpoB.3TOro
ropoAa nOn}"lllnll BCeMHpHOC npll3HaHlle.
:e 14. fOPOA B 5JpoCJlaBCKOM 06naCTI!, pacnonO)f(CH Ha
6epery 03epa Hepo; H3BCCTeH C 862 r.; B HeM pa60TaeT
4>a6plIKa MlUmaTiOpHOH JKIIBOnHCH no 3MaJlH, 113J\cnllSi
H KOTOPOH nOnb3yJOTCSl nonynSipHocTblO lIaJKC 3a npc.llcna-
III POCCIIII.
26. rO.llOBO.llO.M.Ka .Ha'lHU c A»
2
4
3
4
5
I
BmllllllTC B KJlCTKII ronoBOJIOMKII rcorpatPlI'ICCKIIC
lIa3IJaHIISl,"KOTOpbIC Ha'iIlHaIOTCSl C 6YKIJbl a». npn pelllC-
HIIH OPIICHTllpyfiTeCb Ha npllMepHblC KoopAHlIaTbl II IIC-
nonb3yiiTc rcorpatPwlecKIIH aTnac Mllpa.
I. fOPOA B Hl!rcplll!, pacnOnOJKeHHbli'i Ha OD;HOIIMCH-
HOli peKe.
2. fOPOA B HH.llIIH Ha peKe J1.JKaMHa, B lllT3TC Yrrap-
npMClll.
3. CTonllua faHbI, noPT Ha rIJlIllCHCKOM 3aJ1I1BC.
4. rOpOD; H nopT Ha ceBCpO-BOCTOKe AnJKllpa, MMH-
IIIICTpaTIIBHblH ItCHTp 1JJ1IlaHII; OD;Ha 113 ero D;OCTOnpIlMC-
'IaTCnbHOCTcii - MC'ICTb CI1lJ:H 6y McpyaH, 1l0CTpoCHHM
B 1033 ro.ny.
5. qacTb CBCTa, 06pa3ycMM D;IJYMSI MaTCpl!KaMli.
91
..........

27. Kpunmozpa.M..M.a (,K.IlIO'I K Kapme
114 2 9 4 1'" 7,..- 25 15 1 12 7 ,...1
15 1 ,... 5 1 25 15 30 27 ,..-
12 1 5 4 1 27 ". 29 10 17 22 4
7 29 9 4 32 ,..- 5 1 25 15 10 9
1 2 5115 1 26 9 15 7 9p:' 11 10 23 4 10 29 1 22 1
15 1,..- 12 1 21 18 10 13 ,...
12 1 5 4 9 ,..- 9 3 4 32
3 2 10 13 ,..- 12 6 28 26 ..- 3,..-
10 16 33 88 3 15 9 15 7 9 29 III":'
115/30 15 9,..- 3 22 31 9 3 4 2 22 9 4 "'-1
10 26 9 15 32 ,..- 29 15 10 17 10 ,...
""'17 9 10 17 5 1 24 7 26 9 3 12 7 27..-1
,..- 12 1 5 4 10 15 7 ".
,.. 5 1 3 12 5 1 20 9 15 30 ,;
7"" 22 3 6 10 2 15 3D 9
25 15 1 12 7'" 15 1,..- 15 7 27
,.. 11 10 12 1 25 30 2 1 28 4
17 18 9,..- 26 4 10 ,..
15 1 27 10 18 7 4 3 8,.1
PaClllH(jJpOBao 31Y KpunTOrpaMMY, Bbl Y311acTc 0 pOJlII
llBCTa II YCJlOBHblX 3HaKOO Ha reorpa(jJII'JccKofi KapTc.
A no1Oryr Ba\.1 KJlIO'JCBbIC CJlOD3, SlBJlSlIOIllIICCSllIa3D31111-
SlMH MaTcpllKoB, rocy.napcTD II pCK.
a) I, 2, 3, 4, 5, I, 6, 7, 8 - rocy.napcTBo B IOJKIIOM
nOJlYlliapHII, pacnonO>f(CHHOC ua MaTcpl1KC II McnKIiX
oCTJ)oBax, a TaKJKC Ha OCTJ)OOC TaCMaIJIISI;
92

6) 9, 2, 5, 10, II, I - 'JaCTb COCTa, 06pa3YIOll!alJ rn-.ICcre
C A3HCli MaTCpIlK; OMblDaeTCIJ ATJlaHTII'ICCKIIM II CeBCp-
HblM JICAOlJlfTbl?vl OKCana\.111 II IIX MOp5lMII;
D) 12, 7, 4, I, 13 - rOCYlIapeTBO 0 U:ClITpaJIbliOli II
130CTO'lIlOli A31111, OMblBaCMOC Ha BOCTOKC BOlIa1H )J(CJI-
TOro, BOCTO'IHO-K.llTaikKOro H 10)f(flo-KI1TalicKoro MO-
pefi THXOrO OKCana;
r) 14,9,13,6.10,15 - npC)f(HCC Ha3BaHI1C (11.01972 r.)
n:cloKpaTI1'ICCKOii Pccny6nllKH llipll-JIam;a.
D) 16, 1,15,17,6, I, 18,9, 20-rocYlIapcTBoB 1O)f(lIofi
A31111, OlblBaCMOC BO.naMli ECHranbCKoro 3MI10a I1HD;Hfi-
CKoro OKcaHa. .
c) 16, I, 15, 18,21,22,6 - CTOJllllta ra161111, nopT;
ropoD OCHODau D 1816 r. anrnll'laflafII II 61>1J1 Ha3BalJ
EiaTcpcT; ncpCIIMCHODaH B 1973 r.;
)f() 23, 24, 7, 10, II, 7, 8 - rocYDapCTBo na CCl3Cpo-
DOCTOKC AIf>PIIKII; HaCCJlcHl1C - maBHbl\l 06pa3mf napo-
D;bl <1lxapa (OKOJlO 40%) II rMJla (CBblllJC 30%);
3) 25, I, 7, 5 - rocYD;apCTBo B DClITpaJJbHOH A4>PI'lKC,
CTOJII1lta - ropOD; KlllUuaca;
II) 26. I, 18 - rocy.v;apemo D DCIITpMbnoii A4>PIlKC;
cro HaCCJllJlOT Hapo.v;HocTII Ty6y, capll, 6ampalll, xayca II
apa6b1; CTOJllllta - ropOD; H.lVKaMcHa;
K) 27. 10. 15, 3. 28 - Hall60J1cc KpynHblH OCTpOD
51nolJcKoro apXllnCJlam;
JI) 29, I, 5, 27, I - pCKa lIa 3.1n3J\C 51Kynm, JlCDbllI
npllTOK BHJlI05I;
M) 15, 30, 3, I - roPOA B TIOJlblllC, cnaBIJll!lIllclJ
COOIIMII apXIITCKTypHblMII naMIJTHIIKa1II - pCHcccaHC-
HblMII II 6apO'lHb1MII D;BOPltaMII,
11) 31, 9, 14, 7, 15 - ropO,Q II nopT 0 1l0JlblllC,
pacnOJlO)f(CH B YCTbC OAPbl;
0) 31, 22, 26, 32, 8 - pcKa naCCBcpO-3anaaC 3ana.QHofi
CII6Hpll, JlCDblfi nplfTOK 0611;
n) 10, 16, 33, 9, 12, 4, 7, 2 - OnTlI'ICCK3JI CIICTCMa,
06pa3YIOll!a51 IICpcl3CpHyrOC D;CMcTBIITcnblloc lI306pa)f(c-
nile 06'bcKTa.
93

28. rOpU30Hma.llb (JHapOaHaR
Myapocmb Uno i!eOi!patPuR.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
b
ECilll Obi npaIJllJlbHO 3anOJlHIITe IJepTIIKaJllI rOJl080-
JlOMKII CJlODaMII - reOrpalf>lI'ICcKIIMII na3BanmlMII, TO
B Dbl.lICilCllllbiX ropH30HTalU!X CMOJKeTC npO'lHTaTb PYC-
CKYIO nOCJlOBIIUY.
I. 51nOllcKHH roPM Ha OCTpOBe XOHClO, a.QMIIHIICTpa-
fHBHblH UCHTp npe4>CKTypbl HaraHO: SlDJUlCTCS! penllrH03-
HblM 6YDJJ:III1cKHM uelrrpoM.
2. ropo.Q na TCppllTOpll1l KpblMCKOro nOJlyocTpOBa,
nopT 4cpnoro MOpS!; npllMOpCKHH KJIHMaTlf'lCCKIIH 116aJ1b-
IICOrp!l3cooii KypOpT.
94

3. fopon; B HliJl.cpJlaHll3X, pe31iJ1.CHltliH KOpoJlCBCKOro
n;Bopa lInpamiTCJlbCrna; a.nMHHHCTpaTIIBHbl UCHTp npo-
BIIHItHII IOJI(HaH fonnaHJ\HH.
4. lllTaT Ha CCBCpo-BoCToKe ClllA. ero a.nMIIHIICTpa-
TIIBHblH uemp - ropo,n KOJIyM6yc.
5. PCKa, HCCYll!aH COOH BOn;blno TeppllTOpmlM <J>IIH-
JlHHlIliH II POCCIIII; BblTCKaeT H3 03epa CaHMa H Bna.naCT
B JIaJl.O;KCKOC 03CpO.
6. 5JnollcKllif ropon; Ha OCTpOBC XOHCIO, 311Mfmn
KypOpT; !'HAOM pacnOJlaraeTCSJ lIal.\IIOHaJlbllblH napK 11011.0.
7. PCKa B 3ana.nHoif EBponc Ha TCppllTOpllH fcpMa-
HIIII; Bna.aaCT B CCBCPHOC MOpC.
8. fopon; B KpacHoHpcKOM Kpae, noPT Ha peKC EHII-
celt, AOCT}'nHbIH JJ,Jm MOpCKIIX cyn;OB.
9. fopon; H nopT B KHtl:P; aBannoPT TIxcHbHHa Ha
)f(eJlTOM MOpC.
10. focYllapcTBo B CCBCPO-BOCTO'IHOH A(jJpIIKe H na
ClIlIaMcKoM nOJlYoclpooe; CTOJlHl.\a - ropo,n Kallp.
II. PCKa B UCHl-paJIbHOlt A(jJpHKe, KPynHblH npaBblH
npllTOK peKII KOHro.
12. focYJ\apcTBo B CcoepHOH A(!>pIIKe, CTOJlHlta -
ropon; Pa6aT.
13. fOPOA B KpacHOn;apcKoM Kpac, noPT Ha A30BCKOM
Mope; npl1MopeKHH KnHMa1WIccKllti II 6aJ1bHCOrpmenOH
KypOpT.
14. TIOJlYOCTpOB B UCHlpaJIbHOH AMepHKe, pacnoJlo-
>KeHHbIH Me)t(lJ.y MCKcHKaHcKIIM 3aJ\1I00M H KapH6CKHM
MopeM.
15. PCKa B KonYM61111, cyn;oxon;Ha OT ropon;a KH6,n0.
16. focyn;apcTBo B IO>KHOH AMepllKc; CTOJllIua
II rJl3BHbilt MOPCKOii noPT - ropoo .lliKoPIDKTayrJ.
17. focYllapcTOO Ha BOCTOKC ApaBHHcKoro nOJlyocT-
pODa, CTOJllllt3 - MacKaT.
18. PeKa B EBponeHCKOlt '1aCTII POCCIIII, npaoblii
npllTOK KaMbl.
19. lllTaT Ha TllxooKcaHcKoM n06epC>Kbe ClllA; cro
a.nMIIHIICTpDTIIBHbIH l.\CHlp - ropon; CctiJlcM.
95

20. CTOJUlua flaTlJHII, pacnOJlOJKCHH!U\ lIa pCKC J],ay-
raoa nplt CC Bna,!l.CHHII B 3aJIIIO EaJlTHficKOro MOP!!.
21. PCKa B 3aBOJIJKbC, JlCBblfi npllToK KaMbl. 111
22. PCKa lIa KOJlbCKOM nOJlyocTPOBC; BblTCK<1CT 113
03cpa J1MaH.llpa II Bna,!l.aCT B ECJloe lOpC y ropoAa KanAa-
JlaKllla. H
23. fOPOA 11 nopT J1opAamm, pacnOJlOJKCIIllblH lIa r:
6cpcry 33J111Ba KpacHoro MOpH.
24. focYAapcTl3o B BOCTO'IHOH A(jJpHKC, CTOJIlIua - 0
ropOA KdMnalJa.
25. PCKa Ha IOro-3anMc BOCTO'I1I011 Cn611pH, npaBbi/1
npllTOK pCKII TacccBa.
26. PCKa, HccYlllalJ CBOII BOAbl no IOJKHOMY YpaJIY
H npl1KaCnllHcKoH 11U3MCHHOCTII.
27. rOpOA Ha CCBCpe TYPUIIII, nopT tfepliOro MOpIJ,
aJ:lMIIIIIICTpan1DHbIH lICHTp OllHOI!MCllnOro Bl1J1aHcT3.
29. rO.l!OBO.l!OMKa (lreozpatfJuR Ha Ks>
BnlllllllTC B CCTKY roJlOBOJlOMKII rcorpalf>lI'leCKIIC Ha-
3Balll1Sl, Ha'InHalOlllllCCH Ha 6YKDY «K'>.
L PCKa. npaoblH npllTOK
J1pTblllla.
2. 06J1aCTHOH uellTP, pac-
nOJIOJKeHllblH lIa pCKe Ceil:>!.
3. fOpOA B KpaCIIO!!pCKOM
Kpac Ha peKe Kall.
4. PeKa 0 EoponcHcKoH
'laCTII POCCHII, npaBbill npH-
TOK BHTKII. .
5. PCKa B ropax 10JKHOH
CII6I1pH, npaI!bIl1 npllTOKpeKII
Ka3blp.
6. fOpOlI Ha ccocpc HKY-
TIIII, pacnOnOJKeHHbJll'n MCJK-
Aype'lbc peK OMOnO" n Hna.
7. CTOJlHUa TyBbi.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
96
-

8. ropon; B TBCpCKOli o6nacTII, I1pl1CTaHb Ha Bonre.
9. PCKa lIa CpeDHccII611pcKOM IUIOCKOropbC, I1pal!blH
I1pllTOK peKII XaTaHra.
10. rOpOD Ha pCKC AHrapa.
II. PeKa lIa ccocpe CBpOl1cliCKOH 'IaCTIf POCCIII!,
Ha3bmaCMaS! 0 OCPXOBbS!X COTKOH; Ol1aIIaCT B MC3CHCI....)'I0
ry6y Ecnoro MOpS!.
12. rOpOD n nCpMCKOH o6nacrl1, pacl10nO)!(CH lIa
OJUIOIIMCUHOH peKC.
13. rOpOD n EypS!TIIII, IO)!(HCC pCKl1 I1pKYT.
OTBETbl « Ma8e
«[;e «"pm", lIem zeozpa<jJuu"
I. nOpa6OT8H C K3pTOii .
3aJ:\aHllc I1CpDOC: I. KOTa. 2. KOTa-Eapy. 3. KOTa-
KI1I1C68JIY. 4. KOTanreH. 5. KOT6yc. 6. KOTcllbHIIKOOO.
7. KOTcllbHlI'I. 8. KOTcllbHblil. 9. KOTI1. 10. KOTKa.
38J18HIIC OTOpoC: I. Pbl E>A'IbC. 2. Pbl E>A'Il1iL 3. Pbf-
E>ltHCK.4. Pb[E>1II1K. 5. PblE>Hllua. 6. PblE>Hoc.
Z. 3ar8JI.O'IlIblH pllC)'llOK
Ha PHCYIIKC H306paJKCH 0111111 In ncpUblX KOMliacoo,
113rOTOUllcllllbli1 MaCTCpaMII }:{pcuHcro KuraS!. l{cIIOBC'ICK
3aKpcIUICli Ha ncpeJlHci1 nll011\8nKC TCIIC)!(KI1 II occrna cro
PYK8 YKa3bIBaCT lIa lOr, 110TOMY TO OHyrpll q)lfrYPKlIl1oMC-
Il.lCH KYCOCK MarHl1THOro MaTCpll8Jl3. BnonHc nOHRTHO,
KOMnac II rcorpao:!IHR HCp8.3I1}"1l1bl, a, K8K 113UCCTHO, 6C3
KaPTbi HeT II rcorpaQJIIII.
3. OnpcneJlII peKH
I. MI1Ccllcllml C MHCCYPII. 2. AMa30HKa. 3. HIIII. 4. 06b
C 11 pTbiUlOM. 5. SlHU3b1. 6. KOHro. 7. JIcHa. 8. faHr
C E>paXtanyrpoH. 9. }:{yHai1.
4. 'laiiHBopn «nJlTepK3 110 reorpa$IIII"
I. 3an1l0. 2. BOllra. 3. A6pllc. 4. CaMyM. 5. M8Tpa.
4 - 2785
97

6. AcyaH. 7. H8JIbiM. 8. MclOOI. 9. An.o.aH. 10. HCMaH
II HCMCI.(. 12. I.!IOPHX. 13. XYKap. 14. Por03. 15. 3eHIIT q
16. Topoc. 17 CMeP'!. 18. <{YJlblM. 19 MarMa. 20. Apcan.
21. 1IIIMaH. 22. Haullil. 23. Hryap. 24. PYCRO. 25. OBpar n
26. rYMYC. 27. CK!)36. 28. EallKa. 29. ATOM. 30. JlalU\o. 11
31. Oa3I1C. 32. ConK3. 33. ATJlac. 34. CliBalll. 35. WCRb(jJ. P
36. <I>HOp.n. 37. )J.blMKa. 38. NI'I'IO. 39. Omxa, 40. .N.IMall.
41. HcnaJI. 42. JlcMYP. 43. POMYJI. 44. 1Ia6a3. 45. 3ana.n.. T
46. )J.aKKa. 47. AllaHa. 48. AI!M3K. 49. KaGaH. SO. HapBa. (
51. Apxap. 52. Pa(jJI1H. 53. HYHAC. 54. EnbHH.
5. 1JaHIiBopA c cJtpal'MCIIT3MH .
I. Ka33XCTaH. 2. HenaJI. 3. Jlaoc. 4. COMWIII. 5. "pax.
6. Kall8JIa. 7. ApreHrllHa. 8. AmKllp. 9. PyaHJJ.a. 10. ApMCHUJ!.
II HnoHIIH.
6. KpllJlTOrpaMMa db HCTOpHH C03AaIlHII rJloGyca»
KnIO'ICBbIC CROlla: a) KpaTCP, 6) rn06yc, B) MOP03,
r) XHll.l1I1, .u.) nbllllKa, c) OOHHa.
3aMCHIIB II CCTKC KpllmorpaMMbl UII!jJPbl 6YKBaMH,
'IIIIaCM:
I. KpaTCC 113 IlcpraMbl. 2. KnaB.IllIH IlTOJIOMCH. 3. EHPYIIII.
4. Eexal!\l. 5. Kapn MaKcIIMoB.
7. DHKTOpHHa «napaJIJICnH H Mepll.l1Hanbl»
1. HCT. TOKH nOJlIOCOB II\ICIOT JllIlllb lllllpo'I)', HO He
I1MCIOT AOJlroTbl.
2. TaKaH TO'lKa .l.leHCTBIITeJlbHO CYlllCCTBYCT II HaXQQJITC}!
o rBIIHcl!cKoM 3aJ111BC AmaHTII'lecKoro OKeaHa (HemuIeKo OT
6eperoB AI}JPIIKII).
3. WIIpOIa CeBepHoro 110JlIOCa - 90. c. lll., a 10JKlloro-
90. 10. lll.
4. 31'0 TO'lKII CeocpHoro I1lO)I(Horo nORIOCOO, IIMClOll!lIe
TOJlbKO lllllpol)'. <{TOGbl onpe.llCRHTb 110RIOCa, AOCIaTO'lHO
3HaTh lllllpOT}'. Hy, a TO'ICK, MCCTOI10Ro>KeHHe KOTOpblX
Ol1peACRI!CTCIi TORbKO 110 AORroTC, HC CYlllCCTByeT.
5 CaMM CcsepHM 11 CaMal! IO)I(HaSi TO'IKH 3clJm -
eCTCCTBeIlHO, ce nOJllOca (CCBCpHblH H 10)l(HblH), 110 BOT
CaMOl! 3al18JlHOH IIJlII BOCTO'IHOH TO'IKII BOOGlllC HC CYll!C-
crnYCT.
6. ):(OJlrOTb] O. 11 180. B paoHoli CTCnCHII C'IIIIaIOTCSI
II BOCTO'IHbIMII, 11 3al18JIHbIMII.
98

 7. B 3ana.n.1I0M nonylUapllll pacnonaraCTCIl nOJlYOCTpOB
r 1.IYKOTCKIIH,
I. 8. TaKoii <<J\CIIHTeJlb» CYll\CCTOye-r. 3To MCpllllJlaH 105' O.ll.,
r. npII6J1113HTCJlbHO npOXOllSlll\lIii '1CpC3 MblC 1.ICJlIOCKIIH
I. II r. IIIPKYTCK. OH J\CJIIH HalUY CTpaHY Ha llBC npHMepHO
t. paOHbIC'IaCTII.
9. Ecnll nyTClUCCmCHHHK coocplUae-r KPYTOCDeTHOC ny-
TelUCCTBMC TOHO no napanJlCJlH, TO 011 06S13aTcnbllo IJCpHCT-
CSI B Ha'l3JlbIlYIO TO'lKY CBOcro MaplUpyrn.
10. D.a, 3T0 IO)I(HblH nOJllOc. 3nccb TCHb, oropaCblBaCMaJ!
npClIMCTaMlI, HanpaBncHa B CTOpoHy, npoTIIBononOJKHYIO
CoJlHUY. npall,[l.a, II caMO COJIHUC 6yncT CBCTIITb C CCBCpHOii
CTOpOllbl. Hc 3aGblBaH1'e, '!TO Ha 10)l(HOM nOJllOCc BCC Ha-
npaBJJCHI111 - TOJlbKO CcocpHble.
II. OKaJaOlllHCb 0 TO'IKC CCBcpHOro nonlOCa, Mbl MO)l(CM
OTClOll3 1l0llraTbCSI TonbKO Ha lOr, nOTOMY TO 3.llCCb BCC
HanpaBJJCHIIH - TOJlbKO IO)I(HbIC.
12. KOIlC'IHO. Ha IO)f(HOM nOJllOCc HC MOryr 6blTh HIIKa-
KIIC npyrllc BCYpbl, KpOMC CCOCpHbIX.
13, 9T0 Ha IO)f(HOM nOJllOCc.
14. nOnSipHall3OC31la HIIKor.Qa IIC Dll.lllla Ha Hc6c 10)1(110-
ro nonYlUapllll.
15. 1113OCCTHO, 'ITO H306paJKCHlle lUapoBoH nooepxHOCTIt
Ha WlOCKOCTII BCcrlla CTPa.n.aCT, nycTb II Hc60JlblUHMII, HCK3-
>KCHIIIIMII. OrclOJ\3 ononHc nOIUlTHO - B UCHTPaJIbHOH '1aCYH
KapTa 60ncc TO'lHa H 6nH)I(c K D;CHCTBIITCllbHOCTII. CM Ha
KP3I1X.
8. Ox, yJK 3TH reorpa$II'ICCKlle KOOPIIHllaThl!
3aiJa/J Ha coo6p0311meJ'bHocmb
I. nO.ll TaKoii lllllpOTOli - 7' 57' 10. lU. - B AmaHTH'ICCKOM
OKcaHC pacnoJlaraCTCSI 0CTp00 B03HCCCHIISI. }J.pyrllX OCTpOBOB
31ICCb npoCTO HCT
2. j:{BllraJlCb CTporo no 52' IOJKlloli lllllpoThl. CYD;HO
BCTpCTHT apXllnCJlar OmCHH311 3eMJIJ!. lO)f(Hec KOTOporo
JlC>KaT oCTpOBa lO)f(Hblc fCOpfllR.
3. I.fYaK, MCIIJlCTCIl TOnbKO lUHpOTa, a nOJlroTa OcraCTCH
6e3 I13MCHCHHH. 3Ha'lMT, cynHO WlblBCT no KaKOMY-TO MCpll-
llllaHY. 1'0 CCTb Cne.llYCT C ccocpa Ha lOr W]H Hao60pOT
B CJI}"Iac 113MCilClIIIR D;on[OTbl npll HCII3MCHHOH lllHpOTe
4"
99

Kopa6ilbnBIIJKeTCJI no KaKoii-JlII60 napaJ]J]cnll, TO CCTb C 3ana.aa If'
lIa BOCTOK lillll C BOCTOKa lIa 3ana.u.. K
4. CTOnlma I1cJlaH.IDtII ropOA PewKbllBIIK - ca\i3J1 CCBCp-
Hall B Mllpe. OHa pacnonaraCTCIi nOn 64'\0' c. Ill. ropon T'
BcnmlHITOH - CTOnllua HOBOH 3Cil3l1JlIIH - JlBilJlCTCJI caMOH C
IO)!{HOM CTOnl1llCH 8 Mllpe. OH lIaxonllTCIi non 42'\ 0' 10, Ill. I'
5. KapT3 CooeplllCHIiO TO'JIIO nOnCK3JKCT, 'JTO Hall60ncc
6ml3KO K CCBCPHOMY nonlOCY pacnOnal,UOTCJI 6cpera rpclI-
naHJlIIII. PaCCTOJlHIIC no Mcpll,!\HaHY - OKono 700 KM.
6. ECTCCTBCHHO, HyJKHO OTnp3BilllTbCli C MblC3 'leJllOc-
Klnl, TaK KaK OT HcrOno Ce8cpHoro nOJllOC3 «Bccro» 1375 K\I.
ecnH nBliraTbCJI CTporo no MCpIl,!\HaHY.
7. MblC MappoKH - KpaHHJIJI IOJKHaSi TO'IKa Enponbl -
pacnOnOJKCH non 36' c. lIJ., a MblC 3,1b-A6b!{n - KpaWIIJlII
CCBepll3lJ TO'IKa ActJPIIKH - JlCJKHT nOn 37' 20' c. Ill. 3Ha'IHT
cCBcpHblii MblC ActJPIIKH paCnOJlanlCTCSI CClJepllec IOJKIIOH
TO'IKII Enpollbl.
8. MblC )J(cnaHlI1I - Kpill!HIIII TO'lKa Honol! 3eMJIH -
pacnOJlO)l(cli riM 76' 58' c. lIJ. MblC llcmocKIIH, llBillilOllllIHCIi
Kpawlicil ceBcpHoM TO'JKOW EBpa3HH, HaXOnllTCIi nOn
77' 43' c. lIJ. TaKHM 06pa30M, KpaMHIIII CCBCpH311 TO'lKa HOBOW
3cMnH JlCJKIIT 6m{)!{c K lOry, 'Je\1 ceBcpHblii MblC EBpa3HII.
9. CaMb11! ceBcpHbl1! ropon Mllpa - XaMMcpctJeCT, pacno-
nOJKCHliblH B HopBerllH (70' 30' CCBCpHOii IlIl1poTbl), caMblW
IOJKHbIW - ropOn YllIyali B ApreHTmlc, KOTepblii 1I3XOnHTCli
Ha lOre OrlieHHow 3cMnll nOn 55' IO)I(Hoii mllpOTbi.
10. Kopa6nb, nnblBYIllIIH 113 CaHKT-nCTcp6ypra 80 Bna-
nllBOCTOK, MOJKeT nOCTII'Ib KpaHHciI CC8CpHoii TO'IKII B npo-
nHOC BIIJlbKIIUKOro (77' 45').
1 L KpaHHIIII IOJKHali TO'IKa HopBcnm, pacnOnO)!{CHHaH
non 58' c. Ill., nplIMcpno C08na.aaeT no lllllpOTC C MCCTOno-
nO)!{CIIIICM ropOnOB nCKOB H PbI6uHCK. ECJ1H Jl<C roOOpHTb
o KpaiiHcI.IOJKHOII TO'IKC lllBcuml, Jlc)!{3llleii non 55' 40' c.IlI.,
TO olla COOTIIOCIlTenbHa IUllpOTC Kanym n PH3aHH.
12. KOHC'JIIO! HanpH\lep, 8 AIlTapKTlIJIC napaJlJlCnH
npOJlCI1UOT TOJlbKO no CYIlIC. A BOT B IlIl1pOTaX, pacnoJlara-
IOIllIIXCIi K lOry OT IOJKllOH OKOlle'IIIOCTII OmClllIOW 3eMJlH II
nO CCBepllbiX 6cperOB AHTapKTlI,!\bI, a T310KC HCMHOro CC8Cp-
100

HCC rpelinallJUm, BCC 6c3 HCKJlIO'ICHl1S1 napaJInCm1 nponern-
lOT 'JCpC3 MopcKlie npOCTpaHCTBa.
\3. CaMblC KOIITHHCUTaJlbHble napallnenH npOXOllJlT no
TCppiiTOpl1lt AHTaplo."THllbl (K lOry OT 65'-67' c. w.). 3aTO
COBepweHIiO HeT CYWII B HCKOTOpblX allTapKTII'lecKHx
H apKTl1'lCCKIIX ('1TO ceBepHee rpCHnaHJUm) WlippTax.
14. Ilonb3YHcb KapTOw, ncrKO YCTaHOBI1Tb. 'ITO can,jc
KOIITHllellTaJlbUblC Mcpll.D.llaHb! HaXOIlSlTCSI nOD KOopDIIHaT3-
MH 20'-35. B. D., 70' 3. 11., a caMblC MOpCKIIC nCJK3T B pawollc
10.-20. 3.11. H 160.-180' 3.11.
IS. CTonllLlbl: TYPLlIIH (AUKapa), fll1BaHa (I)ciipyr).
Cllpl1ll UJ,aMaCK), HOP,W!1II1I1 (AMMaH), H3pallnSl (Tcnb-
AmlB), pacnOnOJKCHHble B A311H, 113xollSlTCSI 3an3llHCC Moc-
KBbI - CTonliLlbl POCCIiH. .
16. 10JKHaJI AMcpllKa pacnonarnCTCJI BOCTO'mee CcoepHoH.
Ec,1I-I o6paTIITbCSI 33 nOMOWblO K KaPTC, TO nOHJlTHO, 'ITO
BOCTO'lHblW MblC 10JKll01! AMCpl1KII HaXOJIHTCJI no.D. 34. 46' 3. .n.,
a 3ana,nHaH TO'JKa - noo81' 21' 3.11. BOCTO'lHaJI TO'IKa CeBepHoH
AMepllKII pacnonOJKcua nOll 5S. 40' 3. .n., 3.33nMHaJI - no.D.
168' 3. 11. OrclOlla BblTCK3CT, 'ITO 10>KuaJI AMcpllKa SlBJlJlCTCJI
OnllOBpCMCIIHO Boc-rO'IHOi'I, CerepllaJl AMepHKa - 3ana.DJ{oii
AMCpIIKOii.
17. 06paTIIBUlIICb K cnpalJO'IIIIIKY, y311acM, -'ITO JUHlHa
3KIJaTopa paBHHCTcSI 40075 KM, a Jl)1Hlla 60-11 napannenll -
20037 KM. CncDoBarenbllo, nyrewecTBllc no napaJIJlClIIl KO-
pO'JC B.D.IJOWHC, 'leM no nllllllll 3KoaTopa.
18. KpyrocBcTHOC nyrewCCTIJIIC lIa caMone-re no 3KBaTO-
PY YKlla,nbIBaCTCJI 0 SO 'JaCOB noneTa, lia KOpd6J1C no 60-ii
napanJlcnll - B 500 'JaCOB nnaBaHlIH. Ecnll JKC Bbl BCTIllieTC lid
J1b1JKH Ii OTnpaBIITCCb no 80-w napanJlClllI, TO 06ofw.cTC
BOKpyr COCTa 3a 58 'lacoB.
19. Ha)"lHO-HCCnC.D.OOaTCnbcKoc CYDIIO, IICn0J1b3YJI nyrb
'lcpe3 IlaHaMcKllw KaHaJI, 6YlleT npOKJ131lbJlJaTb KYpC c ccoc-
pO-3anMa Ha IOro-BOCTOK.
20. CJ1CllYJl oce BpeMH C 3ana,na ua BOCTOK, MOJKHO
060rHyrb 3CMHOlt wap 3a onpClleJlCHHOC BpCMSI. 3ro llBHJKe-
IIIIC no napaJUJemt.
,UBllrnJlCb c CCBcpa Ha lOr (IIJlI1 C 10m ua CCBCp), MOJKHO
101

npCOJlOllCTb nOJlOBIIHY nyrH, a ncelle :noro - KOrJla Mbl
nepCCC'iCM TO'iKH nomOCOB - HanpaBJICHHC JlBtJKCHlliI CMC-
IIIITC!! Ha npornBOn01l0}!(Hoe. Kypc npll 3TOM OCTallCTCH
npCJKIIIIM.
21. HeT KOPO'IC MOpcKOro nYTH 113 CanKT-nCTCp6yprn BO
Bm\llllBOCTOK, 'leM Mapwpyr, npollo}!(eHHblH no CCBCpHblM
MOpHM, 'iepC3 6cpmtroB npoJlIIB. CaMb!1I )j(e JlJ1HHHbIW -
BOKpyr ActJPHKH. J].oporn C HCnOllb30BaHlleM CY3LlKOro Kalla-
lIa HBJUlCTCH CpCJlHHM B3pHaHToM nYTcurccTBIIH.
22. naHaMcKHI! Kallan cOKpaTHT Baw nYTb npHMcpHO H3
900 KM (CClllI nllblTb Ha 3anau.). CY3LlKUI! Kallan, CCllI! HJlTH
na BOCTOK, JlOpory He COKp3THT. MapwPYT 'ICpC3 KCwnTaYH,
MIIMO Mblca J].06pol! HancJKJJ:w II IO)t(HOH OKOIIC'IHOCTII A<»-
pHKH, OKa)t(CTCR IICMIIOro KOpO'IC, 'ICM ClICJlOB3HHC 'ICpC3
CY311KHii KallaJI.
23. PaCCTORHIIC no 1I11HIIII 3KBaTopa OT Cllllrnnypa JlO
3ananHblX 6eperoB 10}!(Hol! AMCpHKH CBblWC 17000 KM.
ClICnOBaTcllbHO, nORCT 6C3 nocanKH IICB03MO}!(CH. T pC6yCTCJI
XOTJI 6bl OJlHO npH3CMJlCIIIIC JlJ1R Jl03anpaBKH, npCJlnOJlO}!(H-
TCRbHO B pawoHc OCTpOBa POJKllCCTBa.
9. Pe6yc-3ara,nKa
B PHCYIiKax pc6yca 'IIITaCM:
MOpR ecmb - n,7aBamb HeJ/b3R,
jJ,OpOcll ecmb - examb HeJ/b3R,
3e.W1R ecmb - naxamb l/enb3R.
OmBem: rcorpactJH'lccKM KapTa 111IH rn06yc.
10. B03bMeM B PYKH KaJYfY
«CrapbIC»: 3eJlaHJlHH - npOBIIHLllI!! HllnepnallJlOB, Ka-
lICAOHHH - npCBHCC na3BalillC 1ll0TlIaHJlHH, fBIIHCJI - no6e-
peJl<bC fBIIHcwCKOro 3aJlIIBa B ActJPHKC.
HOBaiI bpllT3HIIH H HOBaH HpnaHJlHH - 3TO OCTpOBa
apxllncnarn 6I1CMapKa, paCnORO}!(CIlIiOrO K BOCTOKY OT Ho-
BOH fBIIHCH.
HOBaH 1ll0TJlallJlIIH - npoBHHLlHH Kananbl.
II. 3ana'la Ha co06pa:urreJIbnOCTb «CKactJHc 3paro-
clj>ella.
Bo BpCMH nyTCWCCTBIiH 3paTocctJcH 06paTHlI BlIlIMaIlIIC
Ha OJlHY HCMaJlOnaJlUlYIO oc06cHHocTb: COJIIILle BO BpCMH
lICTHCro COllHIICCTOSlHIIH B Acyallc B nORACHb HaXOJlHTCH
102

 IlpJlMO Y Hero Han ronOBOH. CaM }!(e MaTCMa111K 11 reorpactJ
npO}!(IIBan B AnKCaHJI.plllll1 npeK'paCHO nOMHl1n, 'lT0 CBeTI1-
no l! TIOT JlCHb B cro ropOJlC HaxOJlI1TCJI HaMHoro HI1JKe, .na
II BCC npCJlMeTh! oT6paCblBaKJT JlOBOJ!bHO JIJIIIHHyK> TCHb.
BepliYl!llIl1Cb B AneKCaHJlpl1lO, 3paToc4>CH H3roTOOIfJI
nonYKpyrJlYIO 'lallly (CKactJIIC). Ha JlIIC 3TOro cocYJla 6b!J1
3aKpCIlJ1CH BCpTIIKaJlbHbl1! CTCp)KCHb 11 OT OCHOBaHIUI CTCPJK-
HJI npOBCJlClia '1CpTa, pa31l.CJ!CHHaJl Ha 180 '1aCTel!, TO eCTb
rpanYCOB. 'uO)l(.[laBllIliCb 22 IlIOHJI, yqeHbl1! nOCTaBIiJI COO"
npll60p lIa onllOH 113 nJlOmanCH POLlllOro ropO,1l.a 11 CTalI
BHIIMaTcnbHO Ha6J1IO,1l.aTb 3a TCHblO, KOTOpylO oT6pacblBaJI
CTep}!(CHb Ha CTCHKY CKactJllca: olla yKopa'lI1BaJ1aCb no Mepe
TOro, KaK COnlll\e nOJlHIIMaJlOCb B 3CIIIIT. POBHO B nOJl,llCHb
TCHb 3aCTbma Ha OTMCTKC 7,2. noclle TIoro OHa CTaIla pacTII
CIJCIlOBaTeJlbHO, AcyaH OT AneKCallJlplm OTllCJ!JIJ]O paCCTOJl-
HIIC B 7,2', a 3TO 'Iso OKpyJKHOCTII. rOpO,1l.a 6bIRII CBJl3aHbl
KapaBaHHblM nyrcM, II BCC 3H311I\, '1TO Me}!(Jl)' HIIMII
5000 CTanlll!. A TCnepb,1l.aBaHTe nopacc}'JKJlacM... ErllneTc!<!UI
CTaJlIIJl paBHJIJlaCb 158 MCTpaM. MCTOnoM HeCJ!O}!(lIoro YMHa-
)f(eHlIH BbIXOnI\JlO, 'lT0 OKpyJKHOCTb 3eMJIII, no pac'leTaM
3paTOcctJella, paBHH.IlaCb 39500 KM, a panllYc - 6287 KM.
12. feorpactJlI'IeCKHe... ry6",_ IIOC'" II YChI
A. B 6CJlOM MOPC eCTb OIlC}!(CK!UI, 'uBIIIICKaSI, Me3CIICK!UI
ry6bl.
B 6apCIIl.lCBOM MOpC - 'IcllIcKaSI ry6a.
KapCKoe MOpe IIMeeT '1eTblpe ry6bl: 6al!.llapaKCKYIO,
06cKYIO, Ta30BCKYIO II fbL1l.aHCKYIO.
B OXOTCKOM Mope pacnonaralOTcJI nell}!(IIIICK!UI, $II1C-
KaJl, Tayl!cK!UI II YJlCK!UI ry6bl.
I>. Ha Kap'I'C POCCIIII CYlUeCToycT HCCKOJlbKO MblCOB C
Ha3BallllCM CBJlTOH HOC - TIO Ha KOJlbcKOM nOJIyOCTpOBC;
Me)l(.[lY nonYOCTpOBOM KaHIIH II YCTbCM ne'lopbl; MC)I(.[lY
YCTbCM pCKIi $IHb! 11 YCTbCM peKIi I1HJlllrllpKII.
KaHIIH HOC pacnOJlO}!(eH Ha nOJlYOCTpOBC KaHI1H; 6on-
BaHcKHI! HOC OTHOCIITCII K TCppllTOpll1l OCTpoBa BaHra'l,
a 6cnyJKIII! HOC YJlcrcJI" Ha nOJlYOCTpOBe $IMaJI.
B. Ecnll BHIIMaTCJlbHO paCcMOTpCTb KaPTY, TO MO}!(HO
Hamil pCKIi Yc II Yca, KOTOpblC JlBJlJlKJTCJI npllTOKaMIi
EHIICCJI. nC'IOPbl. TOMII.
103

13. fOJlOBO.:JOMK3 MyJtpble CJIOB3»
ECJlH Mbl lIa'IIICM 'HCIiHe 113 JlCBOro yrna (C 6YKBbl «K»)
116yncM ABHrnTbCH 3111'3aroo6pa3110, TO CJlO}!(}ITCH CJlCA,VlOweC
npC}J.JIO}!(CHIIC: KapTa B3}!(HCC TCKCTa, TaK KaK roBOpllT
ropa3AO HP'IC, lIarJlHJ\lIcii II JlaKOHH'/lidi ca\-Ioro JI)"IWcro
TC KCTa".
14. 3M3'13 JI.1IH 3PYJlHTOB ..Kapn 3p3TocclJell3
Ewc pa3 BHII\-laTCJlbHO nocMoTpHTC Ha KapTY II 06pan..re
BHIIMallHC Ha lIa.rtnHCb «CKIII!Jbl',. PHJ\OI C Hcii u306paJl<cu
KOHTyp KacnHHCKoro MOpH. KOTOpOC COCJlIIIIHCTCH C CCBCp-
HblM OKC3HOM! KoIIC'IHO, 3TOro He MO}!(CT 6b1Tb: Bcnb Kac-
nuikKOC MOpC HBJlHCTCSI OrpOMllbiM 03CpOI. 11 BCC }!(C 3Ta
oWII6Ka 3paTocq,CHa npOCTIITCJlblla. Hc 3a6blBal!re, 'ITO
CBOIO KapTY OH COCTaBHJ1 CWC 1J II I BCKC LlO H. 3.
15. KpHCC-KpOCC ..JIio6MTCJlHM TonorpacIJHM
no ZOpll30Hmanu: 3 Koca. 6. KpOKJI. 7. OCHII3. 8. McTp.
9. fHnCOTCpMOMe-rp. 14. Kocorop. 15. nonowBa. 16. 03epO.
17. Tpona. 22. J)apa6all. 24. fnCT,icp. 26. CciiclOrpacIJ.
27. JIYKa. 28. [opa. 29. nJlaH. 30. Bcxa.
lJo eepmww,1u: I. 3KIH..MCTp. 2. naHOpala. 4. nOlIIOC.
5. BHHlM. 1O.1130TCpMa. I I. TCQJlOmIT. 12. fopoJl. 13. OBpar.
18. JIlltlcAKa 19. B3ropbC. 20. 06BalI. 21. fpHJIa. 23. PcwKa.
25. 'lCXOJl.
16. Kp1II1TOrp3'>1M3 ""Mil B rcorp3c1JHII
K1I1O'ICBblC CJlOBa: a) OKcall, 6) pCKa, B) 03CpO, 1') rCH3ep,
n) OCTJiOB, c) AclJrallHCTIlH, )K) BlI3.ilHBOCTOK, 3) A6I1Jl)KaH,
Ii) WY'IIIII, K) nSlH)1,JI<, JI) :;)Pll, M) I1CBHH.
33MCHHB U!tq,Pbl 6YKB3MH, 'JIITaCM:
«P)"Icii 6c3 Ha3B3HHJI - 3TO BCe paBiIO 'ITa 'JCJlOBCK 6C3
npaB rpaJf<JJ.aIlCTBa: OH HC CYIllCCTBYCT }J.JIH rcorpaq,IIII!»
17. 3Ma'l3 Mil 3pYJlIITOB ..l{HJllltIllPH'ICCKHe "POCKIOfH.
Xonl BCC q,parMCHTbI COcr3BJ1Cllbi B UU1I1H)/.pH'ICCKOij
npOCKUHII, 110 IIX KapI0rpacIJlI'JCCKIIC CCTKH pC3KO OTJlII'laIOT-
CJI Apyr OT Jlpyrn.
II>parMcHT ..a» CLlCJlall 0 paBIIOBcJlIIKoA npoCKUUII, /lOCJl-
Illct! HMIt J1aM6cpTa. Olla xapaKTcpl13YCTCII TCM, 'ITa TO'IHO
coxpamlCT O'ICpTaIlIlC nJlOWaJllI, HO 3aTO IIMCCT 3113'IHTCJlb-
HblC IICK3}!(CIII!}I no yrJlaM. nO:lTOMy KOllcIJllrypaUHJI 6cpero-
104

BOW nllHl111 MCHSlCTCSI HaeTonbKO, 'ITO eOBeeM HC nOXOJ\J1T Ha
peanbHYIO.
<1>parMcllT 6" no TImy lIeKa}!(CHIIW OTHOCSIT K npOll3-
BOl1bliblM npOCKIlIISlM, KOTOpoMY npl1eYWI1 11 yrJlOlJblC, II
nnOlllaJIHbIC IleKa}!(CIiIiSi. KeTaTII, H3 3TOW K3pTC p3eeTOSlHIISI
Me>lVlY Mcpllllllall3MII 11 napanl1el1S1MII a6eOJllOTHO paBHhI,
n03TOMY T3KYlO npoeKUli1O I133b1Ba1OT IIC TOl1bKO np01l3DOJlb-
1I0.i, 110 II KlJanpaTIIO.i. Olla npelliO}!(eHa B 1438 r. nopryranb-
LlC1 3I1PI1KO, 60l1ce 113BeeTliLIM nOJl np03BlUllC1 fellpl1x
Mopenn3oaTeJlb.
<1>pal MeHT B» npCJlCTaBJlHCT cooow paBHoyroJlbHYIO npo-
CKLlIlIO, KOTOpaSl 1I0eliT IIMH IIIUlcpnallJleKoro y'lclioro-Kap-
TOrpaq,a McpKaTopa. X01'n Ha HCW II MeliHCTeH paeeTOHHlle
MC>IVlY napaJIJlCI1HMI1 no Mcpe y.nanCIIIIH OT 3KBaTopa, Kaprn
eOXpaHlJCT O'lCpTaHIiC 6cpcroBblx JlI1HIIW (X01'H II 'IaeTII'lHo).
18. 3a'la ./I,J"I TOIIOlJla(j)OB ..HaiiJul pa3JIH'lH".
L Pa3JIII'lHa KOH(j)lIrypaLlIIH B 11306paJKCHI111 JlOMIiKa
I1CeHI1Ka.
2. Ha pl1e. I Jlee B npaBOM yrny JllleTBCHHbll!, a Ha pile. 2 -
XIJOHllbIH.
3. HJ pile. I BOKpyr Jleea B neBOM BCpXHCM yrny lI!lCT
Bblpy6Ka, a lIa pile. 2 ce IICT.
4. Ha pile. 2 He 0603Ha'iCHO 1i3npaaJICHlle Te'ICHI1S1 peKII,
IJnaJIJIOWCH B 03epo.
5. Ha pile. I 601101'0 06erynacT 03epo e JlBYX eTopoll, a na
pile. 2 - TOl1bKO C OJlHOli.
6. Ha pHe. 2 lie 0603113'ICIl OJlIIHO'lIIbl.i KyeT.
7. Ha pile. 2 IICT Jlcpeoa y pOJlHIIKa.
8. Ha pile. 2 oTeyTcTBYCT BCTpSlIl3S1 Men bll 1I1.l3.
9. Ha plleYHKax peKI1 TCKyT B pa3Hbie CTOpOHbl.
10. Pa3HIII.l3 B 11306paJKClIIIII JlI1HIIII 06PblBOB: lIa pile. 2
OJlIiOH IICT eOBeCM, a JlpymSi HC JlOplleOBaH3.
I I. Ha pile. 2 HC XBaTaeT OJlIIOro 113 Tpex KyCTOB.
12. B JlCBO!t11ll1}!(IiCM yrny lIa pHe. Illce CMewaHHbI$i, H3
pl1e. 2 - JllleTBCHHbIH.
13. BHHMaTCl1bHO nocMOTpIiTC Ha can y eaMoro Jl)1I1HIIOrO
JlOMIIKa Ha pllC. 2: HC JlOpl1eOBaHO HeCKOl1bKO JlepcBbcB.
14. Can OK0l10 2-roJlOMIIKa nOCCI1Ka o603Ha'icH HCOCpHO.
105

IS. Ha pue. I nyr 3aHIiMaCT 6onbwyK> nnOWallb, 'leM H3
pllc.2.
19. Pe6yc ,,0 KapTOlJlaljJH'lecKHX npoelillHIiX.
H3yaR cymb npoeKl1l11i,
HaiJo nOMliumb no,10:H<:ellue:
C nepexoiJoAI cpepbl 8 11110CKOC1llb
Heu36eJIC1/bi UCKa:H<:e1/UR.
Kapmbl BOBce 1/e 6e3lpeWllbi
H B IIpeiJenax p03HblX HOP'"
HapywalOm BepHocmb mmllli
lL10U{aiJeii, yznoe U pOp.H.
20. BepTIIKanblll>lH allaBopn diMII Kap-rolJla(j)a»
1. Kanyra.2. KI1IICwMa. 3. 6pIIIICK. 4. J.1DalioDo. S.I1p6HT.
6. fly6l1a. 7. MapcclIb. 8. BepcMb. 9. 6plOcccnb, 10. CTOK-
ronbM. II. Hl1uua. 12. TypIIH. 13. <!>;lopelluHJI. 14 Kop.D.oDa.
B DbJllCnclIllol! DCp1;I1KaJllI 'lfIT3CM 11M!! !jJnaMallJJ.CKoro
KapTOl1>a!jJa: rCpap.D. McpKaTop.
21. KpllnToIJIIIMM3 "KoMnac.
KnlO'lCBbJC cnolJa: a) Mepll!u!aH. 6) $/nTa, D) 3anall,
r) Eop, .D.) rocY..l1apCTBO, e) 06b.
3aMcHHD UH!jJPb! 6YKoaMII. 'IHTaet:
01/ e iJopole npuloOumcR,
C HII'" HUl(Je He sa6nyiJllmbCR.
22. KpHIiTorpaMMa "l{eln'P POCCIIH»
KrilO'leBble CnOBJ: a) ,Uap-3C-CaJlaM, 6) raM6ypr,
B) Jhmcpnynb, r) rna3ro, .D.) CeBHnbJl, c) boM6cli, }!() Tal!lO-
allb, 3) B3K311'v13, 11) MaU)'!!Ma, K) I1c!jJax311. n) PI1'IMOH.l!.
3aMcHHIJ UllctJPbl 6YKBaMII, 'JI1TaCM: «rCOl1>actJlI'ICCKliti
UCIITP POCCIIH I13XO./U1TCII B 8DClIKIIWCKOM HaUIIOHaJlbllOM
OKPyrc KpaCHOJlpcKOro Kpall Ha IOro-BOCTO'IHOM 6cpery
03cpa BIIOI1».
23. 31\.D.11'1aJI,JI1i BIIHMaTenbllLIX "reorpaIjJH'ICCKali CKa3KII/'
1. )j(HflJ.1 - HaceneHHbl1! II)'HKT D rpOll.HCIiCKOW 06na-
CHI, 6cnapycb. 2. ,UED.YlllKA - Ha3DaHlle nopora Ha noll.-
Kalllellllol! TyJlryCKC. 3. TJ.1XA51 - pCKa Ha KaM'laTKe.
4. 6A6KA - pCK3 6acccwHa KaMbl. S. ,U06PA51 - peKa B
6accewHe Ar-Iypa. 6. MJ.1P - lIaCCnClllIblW nYIiKT B rpOll.lICII-
eKO!! 061laCTH pccny6nHKI1 ECJlapycb. 7. EEPEr - HaccnCH-
106

HblW nYHKT B POBeHcKol! o6nacTII YKpallHbl. 8. MOPE -
HaceJlellllblW nYHKT B JIaTslIlI. 9. Pbl6Kl1 - lIaccneHliblti
nyHKT S CMoncHcKow 06J1acTIII' 10. JIOBl1- peKa S Xa6apos-
CKOM Kpae. I I. POMAllIKl1- HaCCJleHliblW nYHKT S Bo..1ror-
PaJICKOW 06.,aCTH. 12. l1C - HaCCJlCIIHblti nYIIKT B CBepMos-
CKO!I 06nacTII. 13. KNIA - lIaCCJleHHblW nyHKT S fpy3HI1.
14. CHOBA - peKa B 6acccwHc J].oHa. 15. KAK - 03CpO B
Ka3aXCTallc. 16. EYP$l- pCKa6accewHaAHrapbl. 17. OKEAH-
HaCCJleHHblW nyHKT B KyI!6blllleBcKOH 06naCTH. 18. fP03-
Hb1tf - ropo.o. B 'Ie'lIIe. 19. MAMAtf - 03CpO B Ka3axcTaHc.
20. nOEE)J,bl - nliK ropHblw B KHprH3HII. 21. Y% - pCKa B
6acccHHc npllnJlTH. 22. PYCCKl1H - HaCClIcHHbl1! n}'HKT B
npHMOpCKOM KpaC. 23. HAPO)J,A - pCKa S XaHTbI-MaHcHH-
CKOM HaUHOHaJlbHOM oKpyre. 24. CB060)J,bl -liacellcHHblA
nYHKT B CTasponollbcKOM Kpae. 25. $I BAC - Ha3saHIIC peKII
H naCCJlCHHOro nyHKTa B MOp.u.OBIIII. 26. 3Y6 - ropa HB
'IYKOTKC. 27. nYCfAA - peKa lIa nOllyoCTpoBe KaM'IaTKa.
28. CKA3 - HacenCHHblH nYHKT 8 'ICJU!6I1HCKOW 06J1aCTII.
29. n06EJ].HOE - HacC'nCIIHbIW nyHKT Ha TCppllTOpHII
KpblMCKOro nOJlyOCTposa. 30. C06 - pCKa B 6acccwllc
!O}!(HOro 6yra. 31. l1P - peKa B 6acceWHC Y.u.CKOI! ry6bJ.
32. NI - pCKa 0 6acccHHc Y.u.CKOH ry6b!. 33. J].PY)Kl1HA-
Ha3BaHHCpCKJ111 HaccneHHoronYHKTaS $IKyrHH. 34. PATb-
peKa s KYPCKOI! o6nacTlI. 35. I(YJIl1KOBO nOJIE - Hacc-
nCBHblW nYHKT TYJlbCKOH o6J1acTH. 36. nOJI$I - peKa B
6accewllc K.n1l3bMhI. 37. COPOK - HacelleHHblH nYHKT 8
6YP1lTIIII. 38. HOf A (HOrl1) - Ha3BaHIiC ropbl Ha TCPPIlTOpIlI1
KpaCHOJlpCKoro KpaJl. 39. TYTIO - pCKa, Bn3JlalOlllaJI B
TaTapcKHH npoJlHB. 40. BOPOH - Ha3salllle nopora Ha peKe
'IYHa. 41. BNI (UlI) - Ha3saHlle pCKH 11 HaCCJlCHHOro nYIlKTa
lia OCYpOBC CaxaJII1HC. 42. CHOBA - peKa B 6accewHc J].oHa.
43. C'IACTbE - HaCCJleHHblW nYHKT s JIyraHcKol! o6naCTII.
44. nPAB)J,A - HaCCJlCHHblW nyilKT B CaxaJIlIHCKOW 06J1aCTII.
45. 'IAI1- HaCCJleHHblW n}'HKT B $IKyrHII. 46. nYllIKl1H -
ropo.o. B JIeHHHrp3JlCKOw 06J1aCTII.
24, fOnOBOJlo.'\IKa «TIyrcweCTBHe no RnoHHI1.
I. CI1KOKY. 2. 6cnny. 3. CelUlati. 4. XHpocal. 5. Mypopan.
6. Cannopo. 7. HaracaKIi. 8. Ru)'cllpo. 9. Ca6a3. 10. <1>YKYCIIMa.
B BblJlCnCHH0I1 ropll30llTaJlII - ccijclOrpal1>
107

2S. Tpoiillol! aliaBOpJl «npH6opbl Jl)III C'be...,," MeCTIIOCm.
AnoBopiJ A: I. 3pMOClll1bO. 2. (hIKaro. 3. MllnyoKH.
4. KmlBJ1CH)I.. S. 3JlMOHTOH. 6. MOHpCaJlb. 7. EorOTa.
8. HopcfJonK.
B BblllcncHlioii ropl130HTaJlH - 3K11I1MCTp.
AHOBOpiJ Ii: I. MYJlTaIi. 2. .D,cnll. 3. J1axop. 4. Xaiinapa6aT.
S. 6alirKOK. 6. Ka6yn. 7. IllHpa3. 8. KOCTTa.
B BbillCllClllIOii ropll30HTaJlII - TCOJlOnHT.
AHoeopi) B: L nyra'leB. 2. TIIXBIIH. 3. nCKOB. 4. KYPCK.
S. OMCK. 6. CapaToB. 7. KeMepoBo. 8. PmaHb. 9. nCpMb.
10. T06pnbcK. 11. MypoM. 12. BOPOHC}!(. 13. TYJla. 14. POCTOB.
B BblJlCnCHHOii ropH30HTaJlH - nmcoTepMoMCTP.
26. ronoBonoMKa «Ha'!IIH c A.
L A6a. 2. Arpa. 3. AKKpa. 4. Alllla5a. S. A.\iCplllill.
27. KpllfiTorpaMMa «KiIIO'! K KapTe..
1V11O'ICBbiC CIIOI!!!: a) ABCYPaJIHlI, 6) EBpona, B) KliTait,
r) Uciinoll, Jl) EaHrm\llCW, c) Ealill}!(yn, }!() 3cfJHonllll,
3) 3JJ.IP, II) "lall, K) XOljClO, JI) Mapxa, M) Hblca, H) LUCLlHII,
0) LUY'lbll, n) Om.CKTIIB.
nocne 3aMCHbl LlH)P 6YKBa\lll B ccn:c KpllnTorpaMMbl
'1IITaCM: "UBcTa II 3HaKII lIa pa3HbiX KapYax MOryr HMCTb
pa3110e 3Ha'IcHHc, n03TOMY Ha Ka>K.QoH KapTc CCTb CBOH KJlIO'1
c 06bIlCHCHIICM. HblHC cywecTBYCT O'ICHb MHoro rcorpacfJlI-
<ICCKHX KapT. OHlt paCKpaweHbl, II yCllOBHblC 3HaKII lIa IIIIX
nOK33b10a1OT, me 'ITO HaXOJlIITCJI».
28. rOpH30llTaJlb «HapO.1J.lIaH M)'APOCTb H... reorpacfJlIlI»
I. HaraoKa. 2. EBnaTopllJ1. 3. faara. 4. Oraflo. S. ByoKca.
6. OraKIL 7. PCHII. 8. HrapKa. 9. Halnxo. 10. ErllncT.
1 L Y6aHnt. 12. MapoKKo. 13. HicK. 14. IOKaTaH. 1 S. AypaTo.
16. fai1aHa. 17. OMaH. 18. BJlTKa. 19. OPCroH. 20. Pllra.
21. HK. 22. HIIBa. 23. AKa6a. 24. Yrall.D.a. 2S. "lYHa. 26. YPaJI.
27. CHHon.
EYKBbl B BbUlCJlCHH blX ropll30HraJIJlX 06pa3YJOT nOCJlOBIl L\Y:
He zoeopu - lie YMelO,
A zoeopu - lIayycb!
.29. rOJlOBOJlOMKa "reorpacfJHH lIa K.
I. KOHJ1.a. 2. KypcK. 3. KaHcK 4. Ko6pa. S. K1I311p.
6. Kynap. 7. Kbl3blJl. 8. KHMpbL 9. KOTyk 10. KC}!(Ma.
11. KynoH. 12. KH3cn. 13. KblpeH.
106

3AfA,nKH ATMOC4>EPbI
H KJIHMAT 3EMJIH
TMoc<l>cpa - ra30Bafl 060JJO'IKa, OKpyJKalOlUaJI
'; '\ IIc6cClioe Tcno. AThloc<l>cpa Halllcfi nnaHCTbl,
_ I1MeJl YlmKaJlbllblH COCTaB n130B, C03J:!,aCT
IIco6XO.l1.I1MbIC ycnoBllfl.ll.1UI CYlllCCTBOBaHII1I Bcero )KHBOro
Ha 3CMnc. OHa cnoc06Ha 3BIlll1!llBTb lIac OT onacHcHlllcro
B03JlctiCTBHJI KOCMII'ICCKHX nY'lcfi II COJJHC'lHOfi pa.rrna-
UI1I1, pcrynl1pOBaTb TCMnepaTypHblH II BnaJKHOCTHbl" pc-
)KIIM nnallCThI.
COBCCM IiC CRY'la"HO aTMoc4icpy BCnll'lBIOT mIThIM
OKcallOM». B lIew npOHCXOJlIIT MllOJKCCTDO CnOJKHblX npo-
ueccOB, CJIY'laIOTC1I c'BOII 6YPli H WTOpMbl, KaTaCTpol}>bl
II 3ara.nO'lHbIC HoneHIISI.
H3MClI1IIOlUI1CCJI ycnOBIIJI 0 «nJlTOM OKcaHC» aKTI1BHO
BJlII1IIOT lIa oKpy)!(alOlltYlO HaC CPCJlY: MCIIJlCTCJI TCMncpa-
Typa, BnaJKJIOcTb, .l1.}'IOT BeTj)bl, DbmanalOT CHerB IInll
rpCMI1T rpOM... Bcc 3TI1113MCIICIH1H B TC'JCUIIC onpe.l1.CJ1CII-
HOro ncpl1o,Qa BpCMCHII <l>OpMIIPYIOT KJ1I1MaT TOro IIJIII
IIUOro MCCTa.
CCpbC3110 I1CCJIC,QooaTb TonlllY Hawcfi aTMocq,Cpbl
lIa'laJll1 lIC TaK yJK H .l1.aBIlO, 110 '1CJ10BCK ,QOCTllr B 3TO"
06naCTII 3Iia'H1TenbHbIX ycncXOB. KOHC'IHO, Hcnb311 ClUC
roDOpllTb 06 ynpaoncHHlI noro.l1.ow IInll 0 <l>opMllpOBaHIII1
KJ1I1MaTa B 60J1blllHX MaclllTa6ax, XOTJI... }:(aDafiTC He
6YJlCM cPaHT33l1poB8Tb, a 06paTHMcJI K TCM <l>aKTaM,
KOTOpblC IIMelOT HaY'lHOc 060CHoBaHHc H BO MHorOM
3HaKOMbi lIaM.
109

B :nol% fJlaBe noroBOpliM Q noroAc II KJllIMaTC 3eMnll,
HCKOTOpbIX 3ar3110'iHbIX flBJlCHlIfiX B aTMocllJcpc nnaHCTbI.
pcnlliM HCCKonbKO 3Ma'i, CBSl3aHHbIX c lI3MCHCHlICM aT-
MOCIlJCPHblX ycnoBlIi1, BcnOMHlIM HCKOTOpblC HapOAHblC
npllMCTbl norollbI, n03HaKOMlIMCfI C )!(ljBbIMli 6apOMCTpa-
MlI, paCKpOCM OTAcnbHbIc 3ar311KlI aTMocllJcpb!.
1. BUKmOpWta :HeMno2o 0 MemeOpO.l102UU.
l. lITO TaKOe MCTeopOllornfl?
2. B 'iCM pa3HlII.\a MC)fQ:(y TaKIIMli nOHflTlIfiMlI, KaK
«MCTCopOllOrll'iCCKlIe BCJIlI'illHbh', «MCTeopOnOI11'iCCKIIC
flBJlClIlIfI,) II «norOlla,)?
3. 06'bIlCHHTC, KaK Bb! nOHliMacTC cnOBO «aTMocllJcpa,..
4. MO)!(CTC nll BbI CKaJaTb, '/TO CYllJCCTBYCT npflMaSl
CBfl3b MC)!(JLY lI3MCHCHlICM aTMocllJcpHoro lIaBnCHlifI
II ncpCMCHaMII B noroAc?
5. «KYXllfi norolU>l»... :::no BblpIDKCHliC Bb!, HaBCpHoe,
CnblllJaJlli HC paJ. A BOT CCTbnll Ha 3CMJlC TaKafl K)'XIDI? fDC
olla, no BallJCMY MHCIIl\IO, pacnOnal'aCTcfI?
6. BbI 3HaCTC, '/TO .I\IDl onpCAClICHIDI HanpaBJIeHlIfi
BCTpa nplllellflCTCfI OllllH lI3 lIPCBIICl%llJlIX MCTCoponorn-
'ICCKliX npli60poB, KOropblif Ha3bIBaCTCfI IlJmorep. Ho
MO)!(CTC nll Bbl 06'bflCHlITb, nO'iCMY IlJmorcp 'iaCTO YKpallJa-
CTcSlllJmYPKoH nClyXa (B aHfJllIi1cKOM fl3bIKC OH AIDKC TaK
II Ha3bIBaCTCfI - «noroAllbli1 nClyX» (wcathcr cock)?
7. nO'iCMY ncpclI HCllaCTbCM MHome KaHaBbI co
CTOfI'Jci1 BOllol% II 60noTa Ha'iliHalO'T lI311aBaTb pC3KlIfi
3anax II lI3 HliX AOHOClITCfI 6ynbKallbc?
8. CyU.\ccmylO'T nll Ha 3cMJlC paCTCHlIfI, YMClOU.\lIC
«npCABCllJaTb» ncpeMCHbI nl:>rollbl?
9. nonp06YHTC nCTOM, 6YllY'm B nccy, CHflTb 'iaCTb
MOXOBOro nOKpblTlifI y nHfI Hnll Ha Jl)')Kai1Kc. Bbl no'iyB-
CTBYCTC, '/TO nO'lBa nOli HliM HaMHoro xonOAHCC, tlCM nOli
cnOCM 06bI'iHol% paCTlITCJ1bHOCTII. nO'iCMY?
10. OKpj')!(alOU.\lIl% Hac B03i.\YX MO)!(CT npOl'p6DaTbCSI
nOllJIy'iaMl1 conHl.\a AO DCCbMa 3Ha'iIiTCnbHol% TCMncpaTY-
110

-
pbI (3TO. CIUC 3aBliCliT II OT KJllIMaTII'lcCKoro nOHca).
KaKYJO )!(C MaKClIMaJlbHYIO TCMncpa1YPY B 3TOM cn}l'lac
MO)!(CT Bbl1l.CpJKaTb 'ICnOBCK?
II. 0KPyJKalOlUlIi% HaC B03,nyx cnoco6CH HC TonbKO
HarpCB3ThCH, HO II CllnbHO OXJIIDKUaTbCH. KaK)'1O MlIHlI-
MaJlbHyIO TCMncpaTYPY cnoc06CH BbIJJ:cp)!(aTh 'ICnOBcK?
12. Orml'laCTCH nll noro.na B 1O)!(1I0M nonYllJaplili OT
noro,nbI B CCBCpHOM? OHa TaK )!(C Kanpll3l1a lInli HCT?
2. PucynoK-3aiJa"a
MO)!(CTC nll BbI 06"bS!CHl1Tb npll'lllHbl B03HlIKHOBC-
!illS! BCTpOB? OT KaKIlX <1JaKTOpoB 3aBliCliT cro cllna?
BHlIMaTCnbHO nOCMOTpllTC Ha PliCYHOK II nocTapaiITccb
onpc.nenllTb, MO)!(CT nll npll TaKliX ycnoBlulX B03HlIKHYTb
BCTCp?
100+200
750 MM
'6 ,..
,
:..A. :..

-"'".::"'i
l. -6{.
.. ,,1\ ""+
.t
....\..
3. l/aunBopiJ .MemeopoI/.OZU"ecKuu-.
I. TInaB}I'IaH ropa 60nbllJlIX pa3McpoB. 2. Cnoi% IVlOT-
HOro nb.na (MaTOBOro lInM np03pa'llloro), HapacTalOlUcro
Ha nODcpxlIOCTII 3CMJllI II Ha rrpc.nMCTax OT 3aMcp3aHlifi
KarrCnb nCpCOXJIIDKUCHHOro .no>K,!Ul rulll MOpOCli. 3. Kpll-
111

4
lJaSJ Ha aJponorwJccKoII D:lIarpaMMC, npCl\CTalJnfl101ll3SJ
pacnpcD:CnCHliC TOqCK pOCbI B 331JIICIIMOCTli OT aTMoc!1Jcp-
HOro D:aBIIClmli. 4. MCCTHblii BCTCp IOro-3anMHoro lIa-
npa13J1CIII1SJ, 06bI'IHO HCCYllI.lIH MHOro nblJllIlI D:YlOllmi1 no
DCPXHCMY reqCHlilO pCKII AMy-}].apbSJ. 5. rurallTcKaSJ OKC-
aHCKaSJ BOJlHa, Bbl3BaHilaH nOD:BO.(\HbIM 3CMJICTpSJCCH!ICM.
6. O,nHa 113 OCHOBHblX ijlOpM CIIC)!(IIHOK, JUIIIHllbIH TOHKllj:j
KpIlCTaJlJI. 7. npll60p lI,IISJ Ollpe.nCIICHIISJ CKOpOCTII BCTpa.
8. OnTlI'lCCKOC SJBJIC!lIIC 13 aTMocijlcpc, 06YCIIOBIICHHOC
npoucccaUI npcJlOMJICHlIR, o1pa)!(CHIISJ II D:lI!1JpaKu lIll
CBCTa 13 BOIDIllbIX KaIUIIiX. 9. 06J1aCTb nOBbIWCltHoro
aTMocijlcplloro D:aBIICHlISJ C 3aMKlIyrblMli KOlitiCHTPllqCC-
KIIMII 11306apaMli Ha ypOBHC MOpR. 10. npu60p lI,IISJ
113MCpCIIlISJ BblCOTbl CIIOR 13Mb!, 06pa3013aBWCIICfI 13 pC-
3YJlbTaTC TaRHIHI CHCrn (CHC)!(HOrO nOKpOlJa) II. MCJlb-
'laiiwlIC KanCllbKlI BOD:bl, BblD:CIIRIOIllIICCSJ lI3 1J03Jlyxa
(OCa>KD.310111lfCCfI) Ha nOBcpXHOCTII 3CMnlI II OXJIIDKllalO-
112

lllliCCSJ BCne,nCTOIIC HO'IHOro lI3nyqclIIiSJ. 12. npH60p-
C3MOnllCCl\}J)lfl pcrllCTpaUlIlIII3MClICHHMliHTCHClIDHOCTM
conHC'lllOM aKTIUlHOCTli. 13. 3CpHlICTbiM nCD:. pC3ynbTaT
npc06pa30BaHIISJ CHC)!(HOro nOKpona no1.\ IJJ1HSJHlICM J.\aIJ-
nCHlifl BblllJCnC)!(alllllX cnOCD. 14. B03,nymlloc npocTpaH-
CTIJO n3J.\ nnOCKOCThIO ropll30HTa, npcD:cTaBJ1SJlOlllccCfI
H36nlOD:aTCnlO B Dne CnJIIOIllCIIHOH CIlJCPbl. 15. CBcmoc
KonbUO 'B HcnOCpCD:CTDCHHot'r 6nll30cTli OT CDnHC'lHOro
D:IICKa; cro flpKOCTb YCllmmacTcSJ, CCJ1Ii npollcxoIDiT no-
MyrHclUic anlOcllJepbl. 16. npllpOJ.\HOC 06pa30B311l1C, co-
CTOfllllCC B OCIIOBHOM 113 rnCT'lcpnoro (B03HIIKalOllicro lf3
CHcrn D 06nacTII BblWC cHcroBOi% nllHlIlI) J1b,na. 17. PC)!(HM
aTMocllJepHbIxycnoBlIi%, xapaKTCpllblt'rm1fl Ka)!(llOroMCCTa
3cMnll B CI1.IlY cro rcorpallJlI'ICCKOrO nOn<»KCHlifi. 18. CMCp'1
na cymc; B CIlIA cro Ha3bIBalOT TOpHMO. 19. MCTcnb C
Bbllla,QCHlfCM CHcrn npll CllnbHOM IJCTpC Ii Hli3KOi1 TCMnc-
parypc. 20. BCPXllflSJ 'IaCTb K)"lCBO-D:O)!(llCBOro 06naKa,
occpo06pa3Ho paclllllpfllOlllaSJcSJ KBepxy. CIUIOWHoro IIJIli
BonoKHlICToro CTpOClIIifl; no,n nY'13MII conHua - flpKO-
6enoro UBCTa.
3. 3azaiJO'lHbte iJuazpaAUttbt
nOCMOTpliTC BHliM3TCnbHO Ha nOMcmClllIble HII)!(C
PIICYHKII 11 nonp06yi%Tc onpCD:CJII1Tb, KaKOC OTlfOllJCHIiC
0110 11MCCT K 1I3WCMY pa3ronopy 0 lloroD:e II KJllIMaTC
3CMJ1If.
pile. 1
p!/c.2
'113

,
..
pI/C. 3
'"
pI/C. 4
5. I1.Ba Ma.llenbKUX KpoccBopiJa -.AmMocf/lepa.
A. I. CKonnCHIIC CryCTIlBlllllXCH BOID!HbIX napOB B
1J0YXc. 2. npll60p, npclUIa311a'lCIIHblt'r .wm lI3MCpeHlIH
aTMoccPcplloro .naDJICHliH. 3. Pa3HOCTb MC)!(lJ.Y MaKCIIMaJlb-
HOi1l1 MliHlIMaJlblloi1 TCMncpaT)'poH Boyxa. 4. CnCl\Ha-
nliCT no MCTcoponornli. 5. BCTCp, .nyJOumi13I1MoM C CYlllll
Ha MOpC, a nCTOM C MOpH Ha cyury. 6. HmKHlIi1 cnoi1
3CMHOfi anlOccPcpbl.nO cTPaToccPcpbl. 7. npll60p, nOMO-
raIOlll.Ht'r onpc.nCJIliTh HanpaDJICHliC BCTPa. 8. MCCTHblR
cna6bIt'r 6cpcnJlJot'r lICTep, lIYlOlllllfi JU!C:>! C MOpH Ha cyury,
a HO'lblO - H8060p()T. 9. AnlOccPcpHaH linam, na.nalOlll.aH
Ha 3CMJllO B Biffle AO)!(,ll)l lInli CHcra.
A.
;1i . "- 1
-" '---
... ....--
 -"",
-- - )'
114

B. I. ATMoc<1JepHaSl Mara, OCIDKJJ:alOlllaSlCSI npll
OXlJa}l()1CHlili MCJlb'laihllllMII B01l5lHbiMli KanCJlbKaMli.
2. KnIiMaT, npllcY1lI.I1i% BHyrpCHlIlIM paflOHa\1 MaTCpliKOB.
3. npll60p, C nOMolllblO KOTOpOro onpcllcJlSlIOT KOJlll'lC-
CTBO BbIn3BlImX OC3.II.K0B. 4. CoCT05IHlIC aTMoc<1JcpbI B
llallHOM MCCTC B JJ;aHHOC BpCMSI. S. KnllMaT, nplicYlUllii
n06Cpe)!(blO. 6. OmcJI 6110JlOrnll, lI3}"lalOlUlIii 3aK01l0-
MCpllOCTb II nCpllOlll1'1HOCTb SlBJlCHlIt'r B )!(lI3HlI )!(lIBOTHbIX
II pacTCHlIi% B COOTHOIliCHlIlI C K11I1MaTIi'ICCKliMli ycnoBu-
SlMli. 7. TOllKlIi% CHC)!(Hb!if enoii, 06pa3YlOu.mflcSl6J1aro.na-
pSi lIcnapcHIISIM Ha oXJ!IDKJJ:alOlUeiicH nOBcpxHOCTII B xo-
JlOJ:ulbIC HO'Ili. 8. Bo06pIDKacMbIi% Kpyr, napaJIJlcJlbHblR
3KBaTopy II OTCT05llUlIii OT HCro Ha 23. 27' K ceBCpy lIJlII
lOry. 9. MereopoJlOrn'lCCKliC yenOlJlI5I, CBofICTBeHHblC.naH-
HOM MeCTHOCTH.
B. 1.
2-
3-
4.
5.
.  ;:.... .'"
. . ... .No. --
.__._. .
ECJllI KpOCCOOPJJ;bI p33ra,n,aHbI llpaBlIJlbHO, TO B BePTlI-
KaJlbHOM BbIllcnCHHOM CTOJl6uc BbI npO'ITCTe H33BaHlle
ra3006pa3Hoi% 060Jlo'lI<l1, OKPYJK3l0IUei% 3cMJlIO.
..
115

6. KpOCCBOpa ...TeMnepamypHble aHOMaJlUUi>
.......a>....-o/<t//'"
I. Ha 3TOii CTalllllill B AHTapKTJ.Wc 3apCrIICTplipOBana
caM3!J Hli3KaH cpCAHcrOAODaH TCMncpa'I)'pa na HalliC!1
lUIaHCTC (-56,4°C).
2. CalOc XOJlO.!UIOC MCCTO cCDCpHOro nOJlymap"H
(cpCJllleroAoDaH TCMnepaTYpa -30,2°C).
3. MCCTO, rAc 3apemcrpllpoD3na caMaH Hli3KaSJ TCM-
ncpaTypa D03L\yxa (-71°C) CCDcpBoro nOJlYlllaplUL
4. Pal!oH CCBCpHOI! AIlJPIiKIi, me 13 CCHTH6pH 1922 r.
6blna 3apCrlICTpIlpOBaHa caMafl BbICOKa51 TCMnepaTYpa
B03Ayxa Ha 3cMJlc (+57,S°C).
5. Hc6011bmofi ropOAOK CCBcpO-3amU\Hoi1 AIJCTpaJIlill
lIa 6cpcry 3aJ111Ba )K03cllJ-EollanaPT, rAc MCTeopoJlOm
3apCrIICTplipoDaJlI1 caMYIO BblCOICyIO CpcAllcrollOBYIO TCM-
ncpa'I)'PY B IO)!(HOM nOJlymaplUI (+29,I O C).
6. MCCTO Ha 3CMJle, KOTopoe C'IliTaCTCfI «pCKOPllCMC-
110M" no 'mcny caMbiX COJIHC'lIlblXllHcl! B rollY (4300 'laCOB
D roo!).
116
I
I

7. nOCCIIOK, pacnOJlO)!(CHHblH B 3ana,QHoH A!PPllKc
(MaBpllTaHIISI), I'D:C }"ICHbiC 3apcmcTpllpOBaJlIi caMYJO
BbICOK}'JO CPcD:BcroD:OBYIOTcMncparypy B03D:yxa Ha HaWCH
IU!anCTC (+30, I.C).
8. COBCTCK3SJ 3HTapKTII'lCCKali CTaHUIiSJ, rn.c 21 1110-
JlSJ 1983 r. MCTCOpOJlOm OTMCTlfJlll caMYIO HIf3KY'O TCMnc-
paTYPY B03.1\yxa Ha 3CMJlC 3a BCIO lICTopmo MCTCOpOJlOm-
'1CCKIiX Ha6moucHilii (-89.2"C!).
9. AMcpliKancKali CTaHUlIll, rD:C }"ICHbIC 3apcmCTpli-
pOlJaJlli calOe pC3KOC nOHII)!(CHliC TCMncpaTypb! B03.1\yxa
lla npOTIl)!(CHHIf CyrOK: 23-24 SJH lJapli 1916 ro.na 3a 24 '1aca
TCMncparypa 3.1\CCb nOBlI311J1aCb Ha 56.: OT +7' D:O -49"C.
10. Ha3BaImC HOpBC)!(CKOrO ropoD:Ka, I'D:C B SJlma-
pc 1987 1'. 6b1J1a 3apCl'IICTplilxmaHa caMaSJ HII3KaSJ TCMnc-
parypa B03.nyxa lVISJ EBponb! (-49,7'C).
II. Ha3BaHliC aTOJlJla, BxoIDIlllcro B COCTaB OC-rpOBOB
KYKa B OKcaHIIII, I'D:C yqCHblC OTMCTIIJllI caMblH BbiCOKIIH
B Mlipe a6COJllOTllblH MlIHlIMYM TCMncpa1YPbl (+22,2"C).
7. HapoiJnaR npuMema
D 3TOM pc6ycc 3awlIIlJpooaHa llapOUHaSJ npllMCTII,
co06111alOlllali 0 nplf6J1I1)!(CHIflI HCnOI'OD:bL npO'lTiITC CC!
   SflH , Y
n :::t KT, H3Xj;j T-
1¥,4t '"
I$IDl1l m
Br, T.
117

8. lJaiiHBopiJ .PacmeHuR-6apOMempbt
I. PacTcHlle, pacTymcc no 6cpcraM Hc60JlbWlIX BOAO-
CMOB II 60J1OTIICTbIX MCCT; 3a lIeCKOJlbKO '1aCOB .110 AO)!(,ll)l
Ha'iIiHaCT ..I1JlaKaTb» - Ha KOll'lliKaX JIIiCThCB nOHBJlHIOTCH
KaneJIbKII BOOb!.
2. L(OBOJlbHO pacnpocTpallcHHoe pacTClllle lIal1lcli
nOJIOCbI, lIa KOH'IIIKax JlIICThCB KOTOpOro ncpeA AO)l(J1CM
nOSJBJ1SJIOTCH KanCJlbKlI BOAb!.
3. 9To pacTcHlic 60JlbWC lI3IJCCTHO nM ..IIMCHCM"
MOKpllU a ; CCJIII cra MaJlCllbKIIC 6cJlCHbKlIC l\BCTO'lKli pac-
KpblJIliCb B 9 '1aCOB II OCTaJllICb OTKpblTbIMII AO 16 'IaCOB.
TO CJlCJ:()'CT O)!(It!l.aTh XOPOl1lci% COJlHC'IHOH norMbl Ha
CJlC.D.yJOlU liH lI.ClIb; paCTCHliC MOKpOC, UIJCTKlI 3aKpbITbi -
K AO)l(J1IO. K HCJlaCThIO.
4. KycTapHliK ceMci%cTBa 6060BblX; cro tiBCTbl ClIJlbllO
naxuYT, B IIX UClrrpax BlIlI.lla KanCJIbKa HcKT3pa - )I(J111
1l0)l(J1SJ; eCJllI 11M UBcT3MlI MllOro n'lCJI lIn.pyrllX HaCCKO-
MblX - CKOpO 6Yll.eT AO)!(![b C rp030t'r.
118
\
\

5. BCTKOBOC paCTCHIIC, UBCTKlI KOTOpOro npllBJlCKa-
lOT Maccy HaCCKO"lbIX ncpcD: HaC1)'ITnCHlICM xopolIlcR
1I0roD:bL
6. 31'0 paCTCHHC IiMCCT II .l1pyroc «lIMH,) - ropm(BCT
BCCCHHlIii. Ecnll BCpxymKlI cro UBCTOHOCOB onymcllbi
BHlI3, MO)!(HO )Kl\aTh D:0)!(,ll)l. K xopollicii noroD:C UBCTOHO-
CbI IUIOTIIO nplfJICfalOT K ncnCCTKaM.
7. PacTcHlIc, UBeJyll.{cc 6cnblMlili nllJlOBblMli UBeTKa-
Mli. Ecnll OHli XOpOlliO 3a\fCTHbi -)Kl\lI xopowcR noroD:bl;
ncpcD: HCllaCTbCM UBCTKII nOHIIKaIOT.
8. COpT KOpMOBoii TpaBbI C UBCTKaMli B BlI.l1C wapo-
BlID:Hoi1 ronoBKlI; ncpcn. xopol1lcR noroD:oii paCTCHIIC
CTOIIT C pacnpHMnCHHblMli ronoBKaMli H JIlICTbHMII,
ncpCD: HaCT}'TInCHlICM HCHaCTbfl OHO C)!(lIMaCTCH II nOHlI-
KaCT
9. COPlioe paCTCHliC C ucnKlfMlI, KOJllO'lllMI1, nCrKO
OTpblBalOlUlIMIICfI COUBeTIIHMII lInll IUlO.l1aMlI; )!(CCTKIIC
nIlCTO'JKlI l1IapoBJ.UIHoR KOp3l1HKlI UCIUlHIOTCH CBOIIMIf
KplO'JO'JKaMli 3a on.C)Kl\Y II l1ICpCTh )!(lIBOTllbIX - npll3HaK
xopol1lcii noroD:bI, ccnll' 3Toro HC npOllCXOJJ:lIT - )Kl\lI
no)!(,ll)l.
10. 3TO paCTCHliC CIUC Ha3bIB31OT )!(ClITOi1 B0.l151l10R
nllnllct'r. Ecnll cro UBCTKIi paCKpblBalOTCH C YTPa, TO
H}')KHO O)!(!1JlaTh xopol1lcR nOrO.l1bI; ncnCCT!<Jf UBCTKa CMbI-
KaIOTCH - )Kl\1I 1j'MaHa IIJIli D:O)KIDI.
I L PaCTCHliC C MHO)!(CCTBOM «IIMCH') (HCKOTOPblC lI3
HliX - rpa6cnbllllK, )f()'paBCJlbHlIK). ECJllI OCTII (mCTlIHKII)
Ha D:onHX cro IUlOD:a CnlipaJIbllO 3aKpY'ICHbl - HYJKHO
O)!(llJ\aTb xopol1lcii nOrOD:bI; K D:())K.!(10 OCTll 06bl'JHO Bbl-
npHMJUlIOTCH.
12. TpaBHHlICToC paCTCHliC c nllJlOBbIMlilinli TCMHO-
roJly6blMli UBCTKaMlI; cro UBCTOHOCbl 06bl'JHO pacnpHM-
nHlOTCfI ncpc.l1 xOPOl1lci1 noroD:oR II onYCKalOTCH BHII3'
ncpcD: IICHaCTbCM.
13. KycTapHIIK C' CO'JHbIMli C'bCD:06HbIMli nnon.aMlf.
KIICnO-CJla.n;KlIMII no BKYCY. Ecnll Ha HCM MHOro $Iron.,
cnCAYCT OJKl1Jl3Tb xonOJJ:HoR 11 cypOBOR 311Mb!.
119

9. Pe6yc flO nozoae
ECJIII Bbl CYMCCTC pa3raaaTb :nOT lIe6011bllJOH pc6yc,
TO npO'rreTe BblCKa3blBaHIIC MapKa TBCHa - H30CCTHOrO
aMCpllKallCKOrO m1CaTCJISI - 0 norOHc.
t:l/ 3.1,2
 1t
61
,e @t
@
@ @
00 llm()' t mlD1

tb
.j:'f"

2,1
. '''A ft
'.
..'
t
Jl)
..
10. KpOCCBOpO «)KuBble
npeocKa3ameJlU nozoow'>
3TOT KpOCCBOp,!l nOMO>KCT 8aM Y3l1aTb II 3anOMlIHTb
HCKOTOpblX npc,!lCTa8l1TCncH >KIIBOTlIoro Mllpa H Mllpa
HaCCKOMblX, KOTOpblC B TOH HJIIIIIHOII MCpC MOryr nOMO'Ib
onpC,!lCJIHTb, KaKaSl 6YHCT norO,!la.
120
1

I. nCB'-IaH nTHl\a C Y,!lIlBIITCJlbtIO KpaCIIBblM roJIOCOM.
EC111f OHa B naCMypHYIO noro.uy B3JICTaCT BBblCb II' nOCT, TO
::rr0 BCpllblj.j npll31laK TOro, 'ITO IIc60 CKOPO npoHCHIITCH
II BHOBb 3aCBCpKaCT COnHl\C.
2. KPODOCOCYll(CC CYll(CCTDO, 06I1TalOll(CC B 3a60110-
'ICHHUX npCCHblX 03cpax II Hc60nbllJIIX BO.llOCMax. ECJlII
OHO cnOKOIlHO KOnOllJlITCSI Ha llHC 111111 JICJKIIT 6C3 BCHKoro
llBH)I(CHIIH, TO II HCHOII TCnJIOj.j nOrO,!lbl. Ecnll JKC OHO
Ha'lIIHaCT nOll.HIIMaTbCH K nOBcpXHOCTII II CTapaCTCH Bbl-
nC3T11 113 BO,!lU, TO tI}')KIIO )j(J\aTb IIClIaCTbJI (rp03bl Imll
1l0)!(J:\SI).
3. 3MccnoJ\06HaH pbl6a, 0611TaIOll(aH B 3a60110'ICHHbIX
CTOH'lIlX BOllax !\JIll B 3aBOJJ.SlX pCK. 3a CyrKII ,!l0 rp03bl olla
npOHBIIHCT 6ccnoKotlCTDO, MC'ICTCH, 6b1c"TpO BCrulUBaH Ha
nOBcpXHOCTb H TaK JKC 6blCTpO norpY-.iKaHCb lIa llHO.
4. nCpCnOIl'laTOKpbIJIOC lIaCCKOMoe, )KJ1BYll(CC PSU\OM
C 'lcnOBCKOM; ECJIII OHO HC nOKlf.UaCT CBOH "J\OM», TO B
6J111JKaillJcc Bpc:.m )j(J\1I rp03Y. Ecnll HaCCKOMOC BbJJlCTaCT
113 ",!lOMIIKa», HO .IlaJICKO He Y,!laJIHCTCH OT Hcro - )j(J\1I
1l0)!(J:\SI.
121

5. XIIll\HOC nCpCnOH'IaTOKpbIJIOC HaCCKOMoe. B 06-
JI&'IIIYIO noro.uy 3aHIIMaCT BbDKHlIaTCJlbHyiO n03111.\1IIO,
J\aJlCKO He YJ\aJlHI1Cb OT CBOCro JlCHJlIIUa, ITpll npIl6JIIIJlCC-
HHII HCHaCTMI Cpa3Y JlCC npH'ICTCH nOJ\ ('KPbllllY.
6. HaccKoMblC-C'TpOIITCJlII, JlCIIBYIlIIIC OrpOMlIblMII KO-
JlOHIIHMH. ITcPClI,!I.O}l(JlCM OHII lIa'lllHalOT CYCTHTbCH, a npll
npH6JIH>KCHIIII JlIIBIIC H rp03 cnCIUHO ncpCHOCHT CBOII
K)/KOJIKII.
7. \.[CTBcpoHoroc J\OMalllHCC MJICKOllIITaIOIl\CC. ECJlH
>KHBOTHOC YClIJICHHO pOCT nO'lBY IIJIII KaTaCTCIJ no 3CMJIC -
6blTbJ\O>K1l1O IIJlll CHCry. ncpCJ\ 60JlblllllMII XOJlOJ\aMII 0110
CBOpa'lIlBaCTCH KaJla'lIlKOM II cnOKot:mo JIC}IillT. B JlCTHCC
BpCMH 3TII >KHBOTIibIC MOryr MHOro cnaTh II MaJlO CCTb -
3Ha'lIlT, CKOpO 6Y,!I.CT J\O>K1lb.
8. KPOBOCOCYIlIIfC HaCCKOMblC, KOTOPb]C C npIl6J1l1>Kc-
HIICM L\O)!(J{l1 6b!CTPO ymxoMllpllBalOTCI1.
9. XIIIl\H3n pbl6a. 3a CYTKII L\O HaC'I)'nJICHIIH HCHaCTbII
ncpeCTacT6paTbllaJKe caMyiO BKYCHyJO npUMaHK)' II YXO,!l.1IT
OTJIC>KIIBaTbCH B rny6b OMyra.
10. 3CMHOBOL\HOC. ECJlII OliO npblffiCT no CYIliC - 6b1Tb
1l0>K1l1O. ECJII! JICp>KIITCH lIa nOBcpXHOCTII BOllbl, BbICTaB-
mm MOp,!l.O'lK)' HapYJKY, 111I3L\aCT 3BYKII - 31'0 K 3aTH>KHOMY
HCHaCTbJO.
II. Pe6ycw-npuMembl
B 3T1IX TpCX pc6ycax 3alllll<ppolk1Hb! IICKOTOPblC npll-
MCTbl 113\lellellllll nOm,!l.b]. nonp06yt:rre npO'IIITaTb IIX.
1. flpllMema no 06naKaM
e¥'
122

2,.3,1

 
.3,1.2,E.4
6b fu a Hlt1
 g UhIH
 MO £J]
; @ AeHM5I
 U  t
I llrn 8' ibA .
123

2. MOpCKaf/ npllMema 110 t1OKa301/llf/ H 6apoJllempo
 ,. tu::c /
OO U31'
l:f' (t  jj'
E i'.  
H ell; ,Q l¥u_
::. MMM M M lV-
 M MM ,/ E
MM M M M
124
\

3. npllJllema no paiJyze
 /la 
tP'  . ,,{P
,.. ,a
;1' . r  .
, t( rb "
125

12. 3aaa'la a.llR 3pyaumoB
1IBaeaaO'lHble PUCYHKU
ITcpc)), BaMII '1CThlpe pllCYHKa, Ha KOTOpblX 11306paJICc-
HO TO IIJIII IIHOe flBJICHlle npllpOllbl. KaK Bbl .l1YMaeTC, 'lTO
3TO 3a HBneHlm? \.faCTo JIll MO:>KHO Ha6J1lo,!laTb nOllo6Hbie
<l>clIoMeHbI B npl1pOlle lIJIlI Oll1l3aBIICHT OT onpC,!leJlCIIHblX
}'cnoBl1li? ApryMCIITIIPYTe CBOM OTUCT.


puc.l
o
000,
o
o
o
puc.2
;;..
puc.3
126

puc.4

13. rOJlOBOJlOMlca 1Inpo'lmu sazaaKY.
B 3TO 1)"IKC .cnpSlTanaCb» 3araJJ:Ka. rIonbITaTCCb
npO'lIlT3Th cc J.I HaTII OTra.u.K)'.
14. Pe6ycbl aJlR JlI0603HameJlbHblX
.Ou Bbl, Bempbl, BemepO'l.Ku...I>
1. 3,!lCCb 3alllll<PP0B3HO Ha3Ba-
HIIC OllHOrO 113 MHOrnX AOJlIIHJlblX
BCTpOB lllnctn.\apcKJ.Ix Anbn. 3TOT
BCTCp MCT HaJJ: llCllTpaJIbHOH '1aCTbiO
)KCHCBCKOroOJCpa C,!lOJlIIHbl APaHCa.
127

2. 3To «11M!!» n.OJII1BIIOrO BCT-
pa, n.YIOll\CrO lIa 03Cpo KOMO,
paCn0110}f(CHIIOC B CCDepHOH I1m-
JlIIII.
3. 3TO MOpCKOii 6PI13, KOTOpblii 'faCTO n.YCT Ha noGe-
pC>KbC tzll.nll C Tllxoro OKcaHa. Oc06cHHO ClfJlbllhlM 011
6b1BaCT Hocnc nonyLI.lISl B BaJlbnapallCo. 113-3a HerO ,!la>Ke
npIIOCTallaD!IIIBaIOT nopTOBble pa60Tb!. KCTaTlI, cro amll-
non. - 6CPCroOOH 6pllJ - Ha3bIDaCTC!! TeppaJI.
00

4. TaK D I1cnaHIIl1 1I33bll!alOT xOnO,!lllblH cCDepllblH
BCTCp.
10000M 2  n
I&
5. 3ananHblH 6cpcr MCKCII-
KII... BlIOJlb Hero.l1Y1OT ClIJIbHbIe
IO>KHble BCTPbl, lIa3DaHlle KOTO-
pblX «cnp!!TaHO'} B :)TOM ManCHb-
KOM pc6ycc.
128

6. A 3TO Ha3BaHIIC ropll-
<lcro oe1'pa,1IYlOlllcro C IOro-
OOCTOKa H3l! TePPI1TOPllcrt
KallapcKl1x OCTpOOOB.
4, 1,3,2

7. HaBcpHoc, 3TO O.D.IIH 113 CaMbIX 113BCCTHbiX BCTpOB
o EBpOnC. 011 lla6mOHae-rCIi npll BTOp>KCHIUI XOJIOHIIOro
B0311yxa 113 nOJlllpllbIX panOHOB. BCTCP O'JCllb XOJIO,!lHblH II
CYXOfl. 011 06bI'IHO rocnO,!lCTOYCT 1131\ 11 IIOHCKIIM 3aJ111BOIII
II CJlY'IaCTCIi 3HMOn II oecHoif.
OOill 
8. TaK $InOHUbl na3bIBa-
IOTXOJlQ!1l1blH BCTeP,1IYIOIllIIH
C CCBCpO-OOCTOKa 11 113 no-
JillpHblX paifolloo A3l1aTCKO-
ro KOIlTIIHCIITa.
1 O M 2
9. A 3TOT «BCTCpOK') roc- 
nO.D.CmycT B CII611pll B 311M-
lIec Bpct.m. OH HCCCT T)"III
CHcra, nO,!lIlIlToro C 3aCHC- D 1 (\(\(\(\ M 2
>KeHllblX paBHIIH, 0 pC3yJlb- VVVV
TaTe CTaHOBIITCIi IIl1<1CrO He
OI1.UHO ,!la>KC B .D.BYX llJarax.
5 - 2785
129

10. B :nOM pe6yce Bbl npO'lTCTC <'IIUl" H3HypfllOll\e
rOpfl'lerO H nblJlbHoro 8OCTO'lllOrO BCTpa, llyIOll\CrO H311
rH6paJITapOM H IOro-BOCTOKOM I1cnaHlIH.
 lI@((})m!B" (11
15_ TO.llOBO.llOMtca .CnpRmaHHoe C.llOBO
3anOJlHHB CCKTOpbl roJlOBOJIOMKII, Bbl CM())I(CTC yJ-
HaTh, KaK Ha3bIBaeTCfI 06J1aCTb aKTHBHOH )!(J.l3HII, OXBaTbl-
BaIOll\<Ul HI1)!(HIOIO '1aCTh aTMocljJepbl, rIIllPocljJepy II ncpx-
HIOIO 'IaCTbJlHTocljJepbl. ::hOTTCpMHH 'IIUaeTCfI no nepBblM
6YKBaM BrJllcaHHblX CJIOB.
1. 03CpO B BCHIl>IIH, c6pacbIBalOlllcc CBOH BOllbl B
peKY lllHO, KOTOpaJI RBJlfleTCfI COCTaBJIfllOll\efl 6acceHHa
!J.yH<Ul.
2. PeKa B repMaHHII II ABC1'pIIIl, rrpaBblA npmoK
D.Y!laH; 6epcT Ha'laJIO B THpOJlbCKlIX Anwax.
3. ropo.n Ha IOro-BOCTOKC ClllA, llITaT D.JKOPWKHH.
130

4. PCKa B MHAIIH, npaBblH npHTOK faura, nporelGl-
lOll\afl no TCppHTOpHII raarcKoH paBHIIHbL
5. )].CHCTBYIOll\lIij BYJlKaH Ha OCTpOBC XOUCIO, flBJUI-
1Oll\lIllCfI caMoA BblCOKOll BCplllllHOH 5InoHHlI (3776 M).
6. CTOnllua ApMCHIIII.
7. 03CPO Ha 3ana.nlloM KaBKaJC (8 A6xa3l1l1) Ha
BblCOTC 950 M.
8. rOpOA B POCTOBCKOH 06naCTII, noPT Ha peKC )].011.
16. BepmuKaAbHblu aHaBopiJ
ftBOCCmaHoBu CAOBoco'temUHue.
7
1
11
!In$! TOro, <IT06bl BoccraHOBItTb CnOBOCO'lCTaIlIlC B
Bb1l1cncHHOH BcpTIIKanll, BaM HY)!(H()3anOY.HlITb ropll30H-
TaJlII aHaBoplla.
1. KpynHcAwlIA MaCCHB CYWlI 3cMJm, OKp}')KCHHblH
OKcallaMII II MOpSlMII.
2. CnoA nnOTHoro nbAa (MaTOBoro RITH npo3pB<1Il0-
ro),HapaCTaIOWHH Ha nOBcpXUOCTII3CMJlIIII Ha npeAMcTax
S.
131

OT lIaMCp33JOI1\IIX KanCnb nepeO)(JlroKlleHllOrO HO)KllJl. Hnll
MOpoCII.
3. TIpouecc C03HaHIIJI 3eneHbiMII paCTCHHJlMII opra-
HII'JeCKIlX BCl1\eCTB 113 HcopraHH'lCCKIIX C nOMOUlbJO CBe-
TOBOH 3HCprllll.
4. OKeaHcKafl BonHa, Bbl3BalIHaJi nOHBO.llHbIM 3CMnc-
TPflceHllcM.
5. TIpIlPO.llIla51 30Ma, me KJIIIMaT xapaKTCpll3ycTCJI
llBYMJI pC3KO Bblpa)!(CHHbiMII ce30HaMH.
6. fOPIO'ICC nonC3Hoe HCKonaCMOC oprallll'lccKoro
npollcXO)!(JlCHllfI.
7. fpatll1Ua Me>KD.Y 6acccAlIaMII pCK.
8. TIpHPOHllOC o6pa30DaHlle, COCTOHI1\CC B OCHOBHOM
>13 rnCT'JCpHOrO (Bo3HIIKa1011\ero 113 CHera B 06JlaCTII Bblwe
CllerOBOH nl1HIIII) nbM.
9. CMCp'J Ha cywc, B ClllA cro Ha3bIBalOT TOpH3110.
10. Yrny6nelllle B PC'JHOH .ll.OnIlHC, no KOTOPOMY peKa
TC'ICT nOCTOflHllO.
II. TIcPIIO.ll.II'ICCKOC nOBTOpllOC nOBbllllClllIC ypOBlIfI
BOHbl B MOpHX 113-33 npllTflJKCHllfI 1J0.ll.llbiX Macc TIYHOH
11 ConIlUCM.
17. rOJlOBOJlOMlCa ..9 6YKB»
132

B CCKTOpbl rOJlOBOJlOMKII II}fJKHO Bnl1CaTb 9 CJlOB -
reorpaqJl1'JCCKUX na3Bamlil. Ecml Bb! BCC CnCJlaCTC npa-
BI!JIbHO, TO ncpBblC 6YKBbi Ha3BaHIIH 06pa3YlOT TCpMUH,
0603Ha'lalOll(IIH 3CJlCHbiA nurMCHT paCTCHlIlI, COnCp)!(a-
nlUHCH B XJJopOnJlaCTax.
L PCKa Ha BOCTOKC I1cnaHIII1, 6cpYll(aH na'JaJlO B
I16CpIIHCKIIX ropax II BnanalOll(a5I B CpcnU3CMHOC MOp.C.
2. rOpoll U nopT B Cupuu, pacnOJlO)!(CHHblH Ha 6cpcry
Cpcllll3cMHoro MOpH.
3. r6pOll-repOH, nopT Ha 'fcpnoM MOpC.
4. rOpbl Ha BOCTOKC EaJlKaHCKOro nOJlyocyPOB3
(B EOJlrapll1l II rpculIlI).
S. PCKa B 3amUU1oH CH6uPH, JlCBblii npl1TOK I1pTb!llIa.
6. focYllapcTBo B OKcaHlIlI, 0 IOrO-3an3111l0IJ '1acTlI
Tuxoro OKcaHa, pacnOJlO)!(IIlIOC lIa OCTpOBax; CTOJllIua-
ropoLl Cyoa.
7. Ha3BaHllc BOJlrll B cpelllicBCKOBOH apa6cKoH
II nCpCII1lCKOI-i JllITCpaT)'pc.
8. ropon II nopT B U:CHYpaJIbHOH I1Ta.1I11I1, B 06J1aCTII
TocKalla, lIa TInrypllHcKoM MOpC.
9. MblC, flBJlHIOll(IIHCfI 1O)!(1I0H OKOHC'JIIOCTbIO nony-
OCTpOBa KaM'JaTKa.
18. I1.BouHou aHaBOpa ftOmzaaau 3azaa"yiJ.
IT pC)j()J,C '1CM 01T311aTb 3T)' 3al'allKY, cc CllIC HY)!(HO
BOCCTaHOBIlTb. }J,JlH 3Toro B OCpTIIKaJllI allaBopLlOB Bnll-
1lI11TC C.ilOBa, CBH3allllbiC C TC'WOH «!vmMaT II aTMoc<J!epo
3CMJlII". ECJlII Bb! npaBl\JlbHO 3anOJlHIHC cB06011HblC KJlC-
TO'lKU, TO B BblllCJlCHHblX ropll30HTaJlflX npo'rreTC 3ar311KY
I. }J,BII)!(CHIIC B03nyxa II ropll30HTaJlbHOM HanpaBJIC-
mm. 2. YMCpCHHblH XOJlOll. 3.CnJlbHblH XOJlOll. 4. 3aMcp3-
wafl 1I0lla. 5. AnJOcqJcplla51 BJlara, OCa)K!lalOll(a5ICfI npll
OXJJa>KD.CHIIII MCJlb'laHllIIIMII Kal1JlSlMl1. 6. AnJOcqJcpHblC
OCaJJKII B BHllC OOllflHblX KanCJlb. 7. TOHKIIH CHC)!(HblH
CJlOll, 06pa3YIOll(IIHCH 6J1arOllapfi IIcnapcllllflM lIa OXJI!\)!(-
133

2
7
3
5
10 11 12
4
6
8 9
19
13
14
20
15 11
16 18
21
22
AaIOll(CHCfI nOBcpxHOCTlf B XOJlOlJ;HbIC HO'lIl. 8. ATMOC4JCP-
HOC HBlJCHIIC B BlIlJ;C 6yplloro HCnaCTbH C rpOMOM II
MOJJlmCH. 9. An.fOc4JcpHafI BIlara. 10. ATMOC4JePUblc OCazlKll
o OllllC MaJlCHbKllX Jlen;flHblX rnapllKoB. II. MrHoocHHblA
pa3pHlJ; CKonllBllIcrOCH aTMoc4JcpHoro 3J1CK'TpH'ICCTBa B
00311YXC. 12. nJlaByqafl JlCn;flHaH ropa. 13. npll60p rom
113MCpCHItfI BblCOTbl CJlOfl BOllbl, 06pa30BaBWCHCfI 0 pe-
3}'JlbTaTC TafllIllfI CHera (CHC}I(HOro nOKpOBa). 14. Mereo-
134

poJlOrll'lCCKIIC YCJlOBIIJI, xapaKTCpHblC .lJ.ff1! AaHHOA MCCT-
HOCTlI, 15. POA IIHCJI. 16. HCHaCTbC C CWIbHblM pa3py-
1lI11TCJlbHbiM BCTpOM. 17. COCTaBHa5I '1aCTb nO'lBbl 113
ncpCnUlBllll1X paCTIITCJlbHblX II )lGjBOTHblX OCTaTKOB.
18. ITp03pa'IHa5I 6CCLlBCTHa5I )l(MKOCTb. 19. ITOD;HJlTlIC
ypOBHH BOD;bl B pCKC B pe3yJlbTaTC 6bICTpOro TaHlllIJl
CllcrOB. 20. BOAHblH IICTO'IHIIK. 21. KaMcHllcTOC B03BI>I-
lliCHIIC noncpcK pC'Iuoro AHa. 22. XIIMI'ICCKHA 3J1CMCHT,
npIMCI1J1CMblH B MCD;IIUIIHC B Ka'lCCTBe 06c33apa)f(l1Ba-
IOl.l{cro CpCD;CTBa.
19. 3aoa'la OJIR. Jl10603HameJlbHf>lX
Ballia 33lla'la TIpOCTa - BnI!CaTb B ropll3011TaJllI HaJBa-
HI!JI rex Will IIHblX TIITIOB 06J1aKoB, Onllpa51Cb ua llX
onllcaHIlC.
A:CII:IIIL\ B:ITIIIIIIJ
6:ITIIIIIIJ r: rro=J
A. 3TH 06J1aKa 06b1'1HO yKa3b1lJalOT Ha YCTaHOBJICHIIC
XOPOWCH noroD;bI. 01111 6CJlblC 11 nYWIICTbIC. ITpal.l,Wl,
6Y1IY'l1l 60JlblllllMli II TCMHblMlI, TaKHC 06J1alGl JlBmlIOTCH
npll3HaKaMII HC}laCTbJl II npllHOCJlT C co60H Hcnorol\Y.
1),3"HI 06J1aKa npCACTaBmlIOT C060H TOHKIIA 6J1CD;Ho-
CCpblll CJlOn, KOTOPblA 3aKPblBaCT BCC Hc60. 06b1'1HO OHI!
nccyr MClIKIIA HYD;HbIA MOpocJlll.{IIH D;O)KIJ:b.
B. 3TH 06J1aKa TOHCllbKHC, no'ITH npo3pa'lHblC, pac-
TIlHyn,IC. OHI! I!BJlJlIOTCI! npH3HaKOM BC1]>eHoA noroAN I!
nJlblByr BblCOKO B Hc6c, a COC1'OJIT, B OCHOBHOM, 113
MCJlb'laHWIIX KpllCTaIIJIIIKOB Jlb,Qa.
1". 1l0>KD.CBblC 06J1aKa ccporo UBCTa, lIMCIOll.{lIC PBa-
HblC KPa5I. Y HCKOTOpblX H3 HID CCTb 6CJla5I BepXYWIGI,
nOXO>KM Ha KO'laH UBeTIIOH KIInyCTbl. 06bl'fH0 OHli MOJYl'
6b1Tb rpo30BblMli. .
135

OTBETh/ " ZADOe .,3azaoKu
amMOCtjJep'" U KIlUMam 3eMnu»
1. BHKTOpllHa «IleMlloro 0 MeTeopoJlOrnll
I. CIIOC Ua3l1aHI1C HaYKa nonYIUla OT rpeecKoro CJlOBa
«MCTCopa» (HC'lTO B HeOO). CnCJ1.01l3TCJJbHO, 3TO HaYKa 0
MCTeOpax (1111 B KOCM cnY'Jac HC 0 MCTCOpll1aX!). MCTeOpOJJO-
nISI TluaTCJJbHO paCCI>!aTpIlBaCT fli)1pOMCTCOpbl 0IO)t(Jlb, CIICf
rpall. H T. n.), 1I03JIYWHble MCTCOpbl (IICTCP, nbUlbHblC 6ypll),
nl1TOMCTCOpbl (nbUlb), CBCTIlwlleCH MCTCopbl (pall.yra, Mllpa-
>KH), OrHCHlible MCTeopbl (MOilHIIII) II T. Ll. MCTeoponOflllO
'!aCTO Ha3bJllalOT HaYKol! 0 flOroLlC. 3To HI1CKOJJbKO IIC npo-
TlIBOpC'lIJT OCIIODllblM npHHLlI1f1aM TIol! 06JJaCTI1 3HaHllti
'lCJJOIlC'ICCTDa, flOTOMY TO LlOCTaTO'lHO LlOCTOBepliO fOBOPIIT
o ec cOJlCp)l(aUHII. H MCHIIO TaKOC flOlIlIMaHHC MCTCOpOJJOrl111
H 3aKpenllnOCb B lIaCTOHlllCC OpCMH.
2. MCTcoponom'JCCKIIC Bcnll'lHlIbJ - :no TCMflcpaT)'pa II
DJJa)l(HOCTb OKPY'A<alOWcro Hac B03J1YXa, anloc4>ePHoe LlaBJIe-
!HIC, CKOpoCTb II HanpaBJICHIIC BCTpa, LlaJJbllOCTb Bl-tJ\I1MOCTII,
KOJIII'ICCTBO II BbiCOTa 06naKOB II MHorlle LlPyrl1c LlaHHblC 0
COC'fOHIiHII aTMocljJepbl, MOrywlle 6blTb BbJpa)l(ClIllblMII
B onpCJIenelillblX eLllIlllILlax 113MCpcHIIIl.
MCTCoponorllCCKHC HlJnCIIIIH - 3TO -ryr.mH, ronoJle.n.
6ypaH, pa3JJI1'Jllbie 6YPII, rpo3bl, WKBa!1bl H CMCp'lH. CnOBOM,
caMblC pa3JJHHbIC flPOLlCCCbl, npOTCKalOWI1C B aTMoc<jJcpC
3CMnll, Kompble IIC IIMCIOT OflpCJlcnCll1loro KOJIH'lC<:TBCllIlO-
fO BblpaJKCHHH. HIITCHCIIOHOCTb nOLl06HblX $I 1\J1ClI\1 11 06blHO
Bblpa)l(aCTCIlllJJI1 c nOMOlUblO TCpMllIlOIJ "cna6blI1», "YMCpeH-
II bli!>, , «CllnbllbIH,>, HlIIi C nOMOlUblO MCTCOpOJJOrllCCKHX
BCnll'llllL Hanpl1MCp, HH3KaH 06na'lHocTb, T)'MaH C LlaJJbHO-
CTblO Bl-tJ\Ii'MOCTI1 OKOJJO 300 MCTpOB.
noroLla - cocmmmc aTMOC)epbl lIa l\allllbifl 0Tpe30K
BpeMCIHl, KOTOpOC MO)j(1I0 oxapaKTcpH30BaTb npH nOMOWH
McreOpOnOrl1'lCCKHX Benll1H1 II onHcaHIlCM MCTCOpOJlOrH-
'ICCKI1X HMeHI1".
3. npe)t(JlC Bccro nOLl flOHIlTHCM «3eMHaH aThlOccpcpa» Mbl
flOl\pa3YMcBaeM B03JlYWIIYlO oGonO'lKY Hamel! nnaHCTbl, KO-
TOpal! npCLlCTaBJIHCT coGol! CMCCb nO'lTH 20 ra300 (OCIIOllllblC
H3 HIIX a3ar H KHCJJOpol\) II npHMcccfl (ooromol1 nap, yrne-
136

KHCJJIII! 1'33, 030H Ii T. n.). 3TH ra3bl 06mw.alOT BnOJ1l1t
onpCneJ1CHHol! IlJ1OTllOCTblO ! naDJICHUCM, paBII!'!M BCCY
B03)Jj'llllloro CTOJJ6a OT nOBcpXIIOCTH MOpS! H JlO BePXHCI!
rpilHULlbl aTMoc4lcpbl (B CpCJI,HCM 3TO 1,033 Kr/CM'). B 06na-
CTI! TCXlIlIKl1llaHHaSI Benl1'.lIma TIplIlIRTa 33 ocnOBllYJO CJI,I1H1!-
LlY llaBJICHI1H, KOTOPYIO TaK II lIa3bIB31OT - aTMocll>epa.
4. BblllOJl>l<lIbl 3HaTb, '1TO B aHTIILlHKJlOHaX (o6JIaCTS!x
BWCOKoro aTMoc4IcPHoro naBllcHllil) TIorGJIa nO'iTH Bccrna
6bIBaeT moro J1Y'Iwc, 'ICM B pal!oHax C IIH3KIIM llaBJICHHCM.
CnCJI,OBaTeJJbllo, poeT aTMoc4lcpHoro naBJICH1I1! (c HCKOTOpol!
.!IOncl! BepoS!THOCTII) MO)!(CT CJ1}"A<IITb nOKa3aTtJ1CM yn}"llllc-
HilS! noron!'!, a cro nOHII)!(CHIIC - BCCTHIIKOM yxynWCHHSl. Ho
}"ITIITe, '1TO B ::nOM CJ1}"1ac 60JlCC OaJKlla caMa TCHnelllllfj1
113MCHCHIIH llaDJICHIIH, a IIC cro a6COJIIOTHOC 31Ia'lCHIlC. Or-
CIOlla CJ1cnyCT Bbloon - COCTOHHIIC noronbl OnpcllcJJS!CTCH He
TOJlbKO nil. BeJ1I1'IIIHC aTMocll>ePIlOro JIaBJICIlIIS!, HO H no
MHOnlM lIPymM 4IaKTopaM.
5. «Kyxncl!» 4IaKTII'lcCKI1 HDJlS!CTCS! BCH aTMoc<jJcpa 3CM-
JIll, KOTopaH aKTI10HO B3311MOJl,cI!crnyeT C nonCpXHOCTHMII
OI<CanOB II MaTCpllKoB (IIX npllHHTo Ha3!'!B3Tb nOJICTWla-
IOlL\el! nOBcpxHOCTbIO). TaK 'ITO KOIIKpeTHOC MeCTO YKa3aTb
HCn03MOJKHO. Bnpo'ICM, 01i11O BpcMS! MCTCOpOJJOrll TIOMCll1a-
JIll «Kyxmo» TO B APKTHKY, TO B AHTapKTIIJlY, TO Boo61l1e B
BCpXHIIC CJJOH aTMoc4lcpbl, 60ncc 'lyOCTBII'fCJIbllblC K 113MCHC-
HI1HM lIa COJJIILlC. B TIOCJICllHCC BpCUI 06Hap)'JKIIBaCTCH
TCnncllLlHH BCJlIIaTb «KYXHCI! noronw» BCCb MHPOBOH OKC-
aH - KaK-III1KaK OH OXnaTbIBaCT 3 /. BCCH nOBCpXIIOCTI1llJ1aHC-
TW. CKOpCC Bccro, 3TO npallllJlbllO. BnpO'lCM, I1CKaTb Ha
3cMJlc KOlIKpeTllOC MCCTO, «rnc napl1-rCH TIOrOllHblH cynIIK»,
HC IIMCCT IlI1KaKOrO CMblcna.
6. 3TOT 061>1'131! YKpaWaTb 4IJJlOrep 4IHrypKoH nCTyxa
nOHounCH 0 EBponc npl1MCpHO B IX BeKe. TorM no YKa3Y
nanw pHMCKoro wnunb Ka>KLlOH LlCpKBH BCH'laJIcS!1I306pa>l<e-
HIICM nCBLla yrpa, TO CCTb .3M6J1eMOH anOCTona neTpa,
KOTOpbll! OTpCKCH ar XpIlCTa, npe>KLle 'ICM nCTyx ycneJ1
npOKYKapCKaTb ABa>KLlbl. CYll1CCTByeT IIIIHaSI BCpCIIH nOI!DJlC-
HIIH 3TOro YKpawClllIH: 11306pa)!(CHUC 3TOH nTIILlbl CJ1)'JKIT
IlanOMIIHaHUCM 0 6nCHIIII LlCpKBII 60>l<bCH lIalI. nywaMH
OCPYIOWI1X.
137

7. 06bJ'JHO HtHaCTbC npllxonllT C nOSlBJIelllfCM l.lIlKJIOHa,
KOTOPbl1t COnpOOOJi(.[f.aeTCSl Oll.\yrll\fblM nOHIIJKCHIICM aTMO-
apcpHoro )l.aBJICHIISI. KaK TonbKO l.lHKJlOIl 3aHIIMaeT rocnOA-
crnYIOll.\CC nonOJKCHIlC B TOM Mil HHOM onpeJ1.CnCIlliOM
paHOHC, B BO)l.OCMaX nOBbllllRCTCSI YPOBCllb BOn II 113 nO'JBbJ
Ha'IHHalOT BblXOJlITb Hap)')KY CKonHBllllICCH TaM ra3bl, B03-
IIHKlllHC B PC3YJlbTaTC rHIICHIISI JlIICTbCB, -rpaObJ H pa3JIH'JllbIX
Bonopocncl! B KallaB3X II 60nOT3X. :.=no II nOHHTHO: npll
BblCOKOM MBJlCIIHlI ra3bl H3XO.n!lTC!I Y caMol! nOBcpXIIOCTH, a
npH HH3KOM BblpblBalOTCSl HapYJKY, pacnpoCTpaHHSlCb BBCpX
II OlllHpb.
8. 1)0nbwIIlIcTBO paCTe1l1l1! aKTl1BHO pcampylOT Ha ncpe-
MCHbl B ycnOBHSlX OCBell.\CHIISI. 06bl'JIIO-1l CTOPOIlY CBeTII1I3
06pall.\alOTCSI LloeTbl, a HCKOTOpblC H3 HIIX IIMCIOT «npIlBbI'JJ(Y_
conpOB<»Kl1aTb COJlHLlC 00 BpeMSI ero nBH)!(CIIIISI no lIe60-
CKJlOHY (HanplIMcp, 3T0 ncnaeT nOnCOJlHc'JHIIK). Y IICKOTO-
pblX paCTCHll1t Ha nOnO)l(CIIIIC COJlHQa pcampylOT caMII
nIlCTbSl. MIIOfllC 113 l.lBCTOB paCKPblBaIOT COOIl 6YTOHbI npH
nOHBJlCHlI1I ncpBblX yrpellHIIX JI}"ICIt II 3aKpblBalOT IIX C
npH6nll)!(ellllCM CYMCPCK 111I11 Korna HCoo 3aTSlrHBaeTCR nnOT-
IIblMII 06naKaMII, 'JTO 06bl'J1l0 cnY'IaeTCSl nepen nO)!(llCM. BOT
IIMCHHO 3TO-TO Acl!crnllc II MO)l(HO C'lllTaTb ClirnanOM "
yxynwcHll10 nOrQUbl. CnOBOM. pacTellllH O'lClfb 'IYTKII K
ncpcMcHaM. 110 CBOIIM nOBcncllllcM 0111I HC CTOJlbKO no.nCK3-
3bJBalOT HaM I13MCIICHHSl noroAM, CKOJlbKO npOCTO aBTOMarn-
'ICCKH waral cnell B cnc)!. 3a HIIMII.
9. Mox SlBJUleTCSI nnOXIIM npOOOnllllKOM Tenna II npe-
KpaCHblM «HcnapIlTenCM_ DJlarH. EcreCTBeHHO, nOCnCnIlH"
npoLlccc -rpc6yeT nOnOnllllTenbHblX pacX01l0B 3l1CprHlI. no-
3TOMY B ceBcpHblX perHOIl3X nO'JBa, nOKpblTaJI TOnCTb.lM
cnOCM MXOO, nnoxo OTTIUlBaeT II nllWb Ha lIe60nbwylO rny6I1HY.
10. B Te'ICHIIC Kpaillle KOpoTKOro OTpC3Ka OpCMCIIlI
'JenOBCK MO)!(CT HaXOAHTbCSl npll O'ICllb ObJCOKOI! TCMnepa1)'-
pc 0KPYJKalOll.\cro B031lYX3 (nplI ycnoBIIH, '/TO 011 cyxoii, TO
CCTb nO'lTII lie COACp}l(JfT BO.ll!lHblX napoo). AHrnlll!cKHc
1jJ1I311KH EnaHllcH II 'lcH-rp1l nyreM 3KcnepllMCHTa 11M co601!
AOKa3a!III, 'ITO MOJKIIO ncpHccm TeMncpa"I)'py)l.o +160"C.
Ha OCliOBaHHII1l3HHblX, nOn)l'lCIIHblX B pc3ynbTa1'C onblTOB
138

-
1IaJJ. A06poBOnbllaMII, 'JenOBCK cnoco6eH TCpnCTb TCMnCpa1)'-
py AO +104'C B TC'lCIIIIC 26 MIIHYT. +93.C - 33 MIIHYTbI.
+82'C - 49 MIIHYT, a +71.C - lleJIblH 'lac.
II. Bcc 3aBllCIIT OT COCTOIiHIDI 3,/\OpOBbli enOBCKa
II Ka'lecTBa cro OACJK!lbl. Ho rnaBHbJH .paKTop npH 3TOM -
CKOpQCTb BCTpa. HanpHMcp, B }JKYTllII 1110,/\11 '!acaMH npoBO-
llHT Ha Mop03e npll TCMncparypc OKp}')KalOll.{cro B03!lYxa
HH)!(C -SO.C (CCTCCTBCHHO, npll COOTOCTCTByJ<Jll1CI! OJlC)!(.llC II
npll ycnoBHII 6e3BCTPIIH II cyxoro B03,!lyxa). 3KcncpllMcn-
TaIIbHO YCTa!lODJICIIO, 'ITO 'ICJlOBeK cnoco6eH B TC'lCHHC O'JCHb
Manoro npoMC)!(yFKa BpCMClI1I ncpClleCTII nOlllVKCHIIC TC\frJC-
pa1)'pbl AO -89.C.
12. OJlH03Ha'lHO Ha JlaHHbiit oonpoc OrneTIITh Henb3H.
Bcc KanpH3bl noro,!l,bl CBH3aHbI co CJlO)!(lIbJMII npollCCCaMI1
83aIlMoncI!CTBIDI B03,!l)IXa C nOACTllJlalOll.{cl! noocpxlIOCTbIO,
DJlHHIIIICM penbc.pa II MlIornx APYrIIX MCCTHbJX .paKTOpoB, a
TaKJKe c HeKOTOpblMII OC06ellllOCTIiMII pa3BIITllSI pa3JlII'lHbIX
aTMoccPePHbJX npollcccoB. CnC1l0BaTCJlbHO, YCTOH'lIlBOCTb
nOrOnbJ III1KaK tie MOJKCT onpeaCJlSlTbCli reorpaiPH'lCCKOii
WIlPOTol! TOI! 11JllllllloA MCCTHOCTII. CnOBOM, npllHllllnllanb-
1I01! pa3111111bl MCJK!lYYCJlOBIIHMH noronbJ B CCBCpllOM IllO)!(}jOM
nOJJywapIDIx IICT.
Z. PHCytlOK-3a,1V1'1a
OaHa 113 OCHOBHbIX npll'IHH B03HHKHOBCllIIJI OCTp08 -
HcpaBHOMcpllOCTb HarpCBa COJJHllCM noocpXHOCTII B pa3JlII'J-
II!,1X TO'lKaX 3CMIIoro wapa. KaK 113BCCTHO, HaJJ. 60Jlce lIarpe-
TblMII MCCTaMli B03JlYX CTaHOBIITCH JlCI"IC lI, CCTCCTBeHHO,
YCTPCl.lUIeTCli BBePX, a Ha 3TO npocrpaHCTBO YCTPCMJIJlIOTCIi
60JJCC TI!>I<CJlblC CJlOH, TO CCTb npOHCXOJlJ1T AOIVKCHHC B0311Y-
xa - OCTCp. Ero cllJla 3aOIlCIIT OT pa3HOCTII B n.nOTHOCTII
003.llYXa Ha OnpCJl.CnCHIIOM npocrpallCTBe. npll YCJI081111, 'lTO
paCCTOHHlle MCJK!lY JlBYMR KaKIIMII-JlII60 II)'IIKTaMH lie npe-
ObJllIaCT 100-200 KM II nOKa33HIIIl 6apOMCTpa OTJlH'!3IOTCIi
Apyr OT Apyra lIa HCCKOJJbKO MHJUJIIMCTpOB p1)'TIiOro CTOJl6a.
yJKC MO)!(CT IJ031111KlIyrb CllJlbHbll! BCTCp.
3. 'IaiillBop.II. «MeTeOpOJlOI'H'Iet:KHI!.
I. Afic6cpr. 2. [onOJlC.II.. 3. l1enerpaMMa. 4. A.praHcll.
S. UyIJaMII. 6. IiIrna. 7. AHCMOMCTp. 8. P8J1Yf3. 9. AilTlll..lllK-
139

JlOII. 10. HHBOMCTP. I L Poca. 12. AKTliHOrpa4J. 13. <DHpll.
14. Hcoo. 15. OpeOJl. 16. JICAIIHK. 17. KnuMaT. lB. TpOMO.
19. EypaH. 20. HaKOBaJlbHII.
4. 3ara.D.o'lHble AnarpaMMbI
Ha ncpnoH napc PIlCYHKOB 11306pa}!(Cllbl 11300apbl H
npll3CMHbIC JlI1HHH LlHKJlona (pHC. I - B CCBCpHOM nOJlyrna-
pHH; pl1C. 2 - 0 IQ}!(HOM nOJlyrnapml). Ha3Balillc :noro
HonCHlU1 npollcxoAHTOTrpC'ICCKOrOCJIOBa <,kykI6n - Kp}')Ka-
Il\IIHCH, Bpall\alOll\lIUcH. Ll.IIKJlOH - 06naCTb 110IlH}!(CHHOro
JlaOnCHlIH. Ero AHaMCTp MOJKCT ObITb OT 1000 no 2000-3000
H Gonce KHnOMeTpOB.
Ha BTOpOI! napc PIlCYIlKOB - 11306apbl II npll3cMHbIC
JlHIIIIII allnllUIKJlOHa (pIIC. 3 - B CCBCpHOM nonyrnapllII;
pilC. 4 - B IO}!(IIOM nonyrnapHH}. 06J1aCTII nOBbIlliCHlioro
AaBnCHIIH. Ha3BaHHc npOllcxoAHT OT rpC'ICCKoro anti -
"npoulB II kykl6n - Kp}')KaIl\HI!CH, Bpau.(alOll\lIiicH, TO CCTb
WlKJlOH. Pa3Mcpbl allTJILlHKJlOHa MOryr AOCTllraTb B noncpc'I-
IIIIKC 2000-3000 H 60Jlcc KHJlOMCTpOB. 011 06bl'IHO ('}!(HBCT»
OT HCCKonbKHX CyTOK AO HCCKOJlbKIIX HCAcnb.
5. ,lJ,Ba ManeHLKIIX KjloccBOpAa «Anloc4lcpa
A. I. TYMaH. 2. 6apOMCTp. 3. AMnJlIITYAa. 4. MCTeoponor.
5. Myccoli. 6 Tponoclcpa. 7. <DJllOrcp. B. Epll3. 9. OCaJJ.KII.
B BblACJlCHHOI! BCpTIIKaJllI 'IIITaeTCA cnOBO (,aTMoc4Jcpa".
E. I. Poca. 2. KOHUmCHTaJlbHbll!. 3. OcaAKoMcp.
4. noroAa. 5. MOpCKOI!. 6. <DCIIOJlOrHA. 7. I1Hcl!. B. TponHK.
9. KnH\laT.
B BblQCJlCHHOH BcpTHKanll '1II1<1eTCA cnOBO «aTMoc4Jcpa».
6. KPOCCBOPA (,TeMnepaTYPllbie allOMaJllIlI
L nJlaTO. 2. rpCH1IaHJ\IIH. 3. Oi\HIKOII. 4. TPIIIIOJlH.
5. YlUlQCM, 6. Caxapa. 7. HCIa. 8. "BOCTOK". 9. EpoYIIHllr.
10 JJ,pCBCC. I L TorapcB.
7. HapoAllall npHMeTa
ECJlII npaBlIJlbliO pacrnll4JpoBaTb pcoyc, TO MQ}!(IIO npo-
'1IITaTb lIapOAHYIO npHMCTY. 113nO}!(ClmylO B CTuxax nO:)TCC-
col! E.nCHOH AKCC11bpOA:
&11U 30R!{ I/Opy
flOKIIOO11lb lie xoe11l, -
B 6e110.11 1I0ne CKOpo
BblO2Q 30XOXQem.
140

8. qaH"BOp.lI..PaCTcI1H..-6apOMeTJ!bI
L CyPeJlOnHcT. 2. Tcnopc3. 3, 3Be3J1."I3TKa. 4. AKaUHH.
5.RcHoTKa.6.0"lIc. 7.Cepe"lIlHK.8. KncBep.9. PencH-
HIIK. 10. KYBwHHKa. II. AHcTIIIIK. 12. KOIl0KOllb"lI1K.
13. KI131U1.
9. Pe6yc ..0 IlO"O.llC
EcIlI1 BaM lie IIpaBIITCH norOJl.a, nOJl.O)!(JlIITC lIeMlloro.
10. KPOCCBOP.lI..)KuBbIC npCJI,CKaJ3TCJlH noroJl.hJ"
L )K3BOPOHOK. 2. nmIBKa. 3. BblOII. 4. n"lena. 5. Dca.
6. Mypal!el!. 7. Co6aKa. 8. Kotap. 9. I.l{yKa. 10. JIHrymKa.
11. pc6ycLI-nplIMCTbI
1. flpllMema no 06l1aKaJlf
BOnlll1CTbIC 06naKa, nanOMI1HalOIllHC pH6b Ha nCCKC
II rpe6HH BonH Ha MOpC, - Hi\J.leJKllbl1 npl13HaK HacrynllCHIIH
lIeliaCTIlol! norObl.
2. MOpcKaJ/ npu.Mema no nOKa3allUJI.\of Dapo/Hempa
CKo"em cmpenKo ooepx II. 011113,
To 1I0200bl JlUWb Konpu3.
Ecnu 3IC .1Iei)/lenIiO iJou3ICellbe,
)f(iJu lIo00nzo U3MenenbR.
3. flpUMema no paiJyze
p.an.yra nocJlc nonymlH 111I11 1!e'lCPOM - npll311aK xopo-
weH norQJJ.I>I.
12. 33J1.a'la AJUI 3PY.llHTOII ..3ar3JI.O'UlLIe PHCY"KH
Puc. J. ::ho rano, TO CCTb OTpaJKeHlle 11 npeJlOUlCHI1C
CHela JleHHbIMII KpHCTannIlKaMI1. TaKoc HBnCHIiC B03HIIKa-
CT, Kora MC)!(JlY COJllII.lCM IIna61110aTCncM npoXoIIT JlCl1<aJI
nenclla ncpllcTblX WIll ncpIlCTO-CI10IlCTblX 06naKOB, KOTopbIe
, COCTOHT 113 Menb"laHWHXJlC,WIHbIX KpI1CTdJIJJlIKOB, "Iallle Becro
I1MelOlllHX 4JOPMY weCTII[pallllblx npll3M. COJlIIC'JllbJC JI}"m
npoHIIKalOT 'lepe3 o.nllY 60KOB)'1O [paHb, a BblpblBalOTC!l "Iepe3
.npyrylO. Ec1ll1 Kpl1CTaJlnllKIi pacnonaralOTCH XaOTII"IHO, BO-
KpyrCOnH1.l311 JIYHbl B03HIIKaIOTKpyrllll.nyrll. Kor.na)l(c OHII
npllHIIMalOT I!epTlIKaJlbliOC nOJlOJKClIl1e, nOHBnHIOTCH JlOJK-
Hble COJlHUa 11 JlO)l(lIbJC IIYHbJ 11 .npyrllc CBCTOObiC HBneHI1I/.
Puc. 2. Ha pHcYIlKe 11306paJKCli TaK na3b1BaCMbIH CDeTO-
BOH KpeCT. 3To HBJleHI1C TaKJKC OTHOCI/T K rano. npaB.lIa, 0110
1I031111KaCT TOJlbKO II TOM CJly"lac, KOrll3 COJlIIl\C CKpbJ8aCTCH
33 ropIl30HTOM. ,lJ,cno 0 TOM, "ITO KpliCTIUllUlKlI JlbJl.a cl1.le
141

HeCKonbKO CCKyHJJjMI1Hyr npollOmKalOT OTpaJKaTb ero JlY41111
Ha He6c B03HI1KaCT .wmHHbli1 CI1J1IOIllHi1 CTOJl6. B CJlY'lae ero
nepece4CIll1H OHJ\HMOi1 '1aCTblO raJIO nORBnJleTCJI CBeTHllll1ficJl
KpeCT lliIH IIC'JTO, HanOMlHalOlllee PYKOJlTb MC'Ja. Kor.o.a 3TO
HOnCHI1C B03HI1KaCT Ha 4JoHe Be'lCpHei1 3apH. KpCCT/Me'J
npuo6pe-raCT 6arpoBbll! 111I11 KpoeaBO-KpacHbli1 L1BCT.
PIIC. 3. Ha PIICYHKC 11306paJKCH «6POKCHCKUH" npll3paK.
CBoe Ha3BaHI1C 3TO HOnCHl1e nOJlY'IHJlO no ropc EPOKCH
(rCpMaHIIJI), r.o.c 6bUlO BncpBblC 3aMC'JCHO. OHO 06bl4HO
B03HIIKaCT Ha OOCXo.o.c 111I11 3aKaTC COnHLla. Ecnll II 3TOT
!OMCHT CTOJlTb Ha BCpWlIIlC BbICOKOi1 ropbl, TO npl1 onpCllC-
JlCHHblX aTMOC4JCPllbIX ycnoBHHX TCHb OT 4JHFYPbl Ha6J1IO.o.a-
TeJlJl ri!lQCLlI1PYCTCR lIa neJleHY llblMKII II1IH T)'MaHa 11 pa3pa-
CTaCTCJI.o.O KOJlOCCaJlbHblX Pa3MCpOIl. MHor.o.a TeHCllaH4Jmypa
MOJKCT 6blTb OKp}i)KClla KOHLlCIITpH4eCKlIMI1 KOJlbUaMI1 HJII1
JlO>KHbIMH pau,yram.
PIIC. 4. Ellle OllllO HlITCpecllOC RBnCIUlC npHpOllbJ - onm
CBJlTOrO 3nbMa. HaJD3HI1C nOHOIl1lOCb no I1MCHII CBlITOrO
3J1bJa - nOKpOBIlTenH MOpJlKon. MMCHHO OIlH, 3aMcHm
COC4CIIIIC Ha oePXYWKax pei1 11 Ma'JT Kopa6nH, llaJIl1 CMY 3TO
('IIMJI". CUJlHI1C npc.o.CTaBnRcT c060H 3J1CKTpH'JCCKIli1 pa3pIUl
Ha nOBcpXIlOCTII Ten, 3apHJKCHHblX llO laKOi1 crencIIH, 'ITO
npOllcxo.o.HT np060H 3J1CKTpI1'JCCKoro conponmnCHIIR B03.!lY-
xa. nO.D.06110C HBnCHIIC MOJKHO Ha6J1IO.D.aTb BO OpC1!I rpo3bl Ha
KOIILlax 3aOCTpCHHblx npe.D.MCTOB HC TOJlbKO Ha Mope. HO 11 lIa
cywe (rpOMOOTBO.D.bI, llInllJm BblCOKI1X 3J13111111, BCPWI1HbI
.o.cpeBbCB 11 T. n.).
13. fonoBonoMKa «npO'ffH 3al"3JU(Y
(h06bl np0'lI1TaTb 3aKY, Ha'ntHaeM C 6YKBbi (,B
IJ nCBOM yrJlY «o61I3Ka": (,BbIWC JlCca, TOHblllC KOJlOCa"
(j.(03ICiJb).
14. Pe6ycL! MIl JII0603HaTenbHblX .Oil BL!, BeTpbl, BeTC-
pO'lK"...
I. 60pliaH. 2. 6pcBa. 3. Bllpa30H. 4. ranncro. 5. Kopolla-
30.6. JJcnaHTo. 7. MHCTPaJIb. 8. Harall. 9. nypra. 10. ConaHo.
15. rOnOBOJIOMKa .CnpJlTalluoe CJJOBO
I. EanaTOII. 2. M3ap. 3. OracTa. 4. COHo 5. <J:>Y.D.311.
6. EPCJJaH. 7. PmIa. 8. A301l.
142
I.

nCpBblC 6yKBbl BnHCallllbIX CJIOO 06pa3YlOTrepMHH ..6HO-
cflJcpa.
16. BCpTHKaJlLllblH BnaBopA (,BOCCTaIiOBH CJIODOCO'leTII-
"Me».
I. MaTcpHK. 2. fononcA. 3. q:>OTOCIIHTC3. 4. UYHalH.
5. CaBalllla. 6. HCflJTb. 7. BOAopa3Acn. B. JIcllHHK. 9. TpOM6.
10. pYCJ1o. II. nplIJIlIB.
B BbJJJ.cnCHHOH BCpTHKaJlH 6}'KBbI 06Pa3YIOT CJ10BOCO'IC-
TaHIlC KJUIMaT 3CMnH».
17. fonoBonoMKa 9 6YKB»
I. XYKap. 2. JIaTaKII!!. 3. OAccca. 4. POAonbl. 5. Owa.
6. q:>IIA>KH. 7. Mwnb. "8. JIuoopno. 9.JIonaTl<a.
nCpBblC 6}'KObl onHcaHHblxcnoo 06pa3YlOTrepMHH «xno-
poflJlIJIJI».
18. .lI.BOHIIOii anaBoPA «OTra.iJ.aii 3araAKY"
I. BC1'cp. 2. npoxna.na. 3. Mopo3. 4. JIeA. 5. Poca.
6,J],oJKllb. 7. MHCI!.8. fp03a. 9. OCa.nKII. 10. fpa.n. II. MOnIlH!!.
12. Aiic6cpr. 13. HIlBOMCTp. 14. KnHMaT. 15. M3pOM03b.
16. 6yp!!. 17. ncpcmoit 18. BOlla. 19. naBOllOI<. 20. POllHHK.
21. nopor. 22. f!oll.
B ropH30HTa.'l5lX aHaBOPAa 'IHTaCM 3ararIKY: ..B xonOllC -
ropoH, B H36c - oOllol! (CHez).
19. 3a.na'la ,/.1)1" mo603HaTCJlbllblX
A. K}"ICBbIC. E. CnOIlCTblC. B. nCpIICTblC. f, T}"IH.

--
...
20
16
19
. 12
'"
11
14
"
10
16
15
13
peKC BOJlra. 9. PaHOHllblH UCIIl'p C CMOJlCHCKOH 06nacTII.
10. fopo»; B KpaclIoSlpcKOM Kpac. npllCTaHb lIa pCKC
1.JYJlblM. II. fopOJl, CTOSlIUHH lIa 6epcI)' OKH. 12. UCHTjJ
pallolla B HmKcropo»;cKol! 06J1aCHI. 13. fopo»;-nopT Ha
peKC BOJlra. 14. fopo»; Ha peKC BOPOIlC)t(, 15. fopoJl
EpAHCKOH 06J1aCHI, CTOSlUIHH Ha peKC Jl,ccHa. 16. fopo.ll
D TOMCKOH 06J1aCTII, .pacnOJlo)t(cHlIblH Ha pCKe "IYJlbIM.
17. fopo»; Ha peKe OKa. 18. fopo.ll, pacnono)t(cHHblll Ha
pCKC BOPOHC)t(. 19. ropoJl 113 pCKC EOJlDa. 20. npllCTaHb
Ha pCKC BOJloma. 21. fop OJ]., SlBJJ!lIOIUHIICSI UCHtpOM
XaK3CCHI1. 22. fopo.ll, paCnOJlO>KcHHbl1l K CCBCpy OT 03cpa
HJlbMCHb. 23. ropoJ]. lIa pCKC Jl,oH. 24. fopo»; Ha peKC
KnSl3bMa. 25. PalioHHblH UCHl'p SIpOCJlaBCKOH 06nacTI1.
26. OllllH 113 BOJDKCKlIX ropo»;oB-nopToB. 27. UClrrp 1.Jy:'
KOTCKOro aCTolioMHOro oKpyra.
145

2. FOAOBoAoMKa .3x3 = pelw»
IlCpell BaMI1 Tpl1 Kpyra C 6YK-
83MII. nOCTapaHTCcb "BJlO)!(J.fTb» IIX
llpyr B IlPyra TaKliM o6pa30M, 'lTO-
6bl OT BHCWHCH OKp}I)KHOCTII K
BHYl'PeuHCH MO>KHO 6bUlO npO'lH-
TaTb Ha3BaHI1C KaKOH-JlI160 pCKJ.I,
COCTOSIlUCe 113 TpeX 6YJ<B.
3. FOAOBoAoMKa ",PeKU Poccuu
IlcpcJI BaMll - BOCbMI1KOHC'lHasl3BC3Ao'lKa, nOJl}"IaM
KOTOpOI! pacnOJlO>KCHbll!CpTI1KaJIbHble P$!llbl C nYCTblMll 11
>anOJlIlCHHbIMI1 KlICTQ'lKaMI1. Bawa 3a.u.a'la npOCTa: H}I)K-
HO 3anOJlmlTb nyCTylOllllle MCCTa 6YKBaMI1 (OT KpaSi
K CCpcllHHC) raKIIM 06pa30M, 'lT06bl Y Bac nOJl}"UUlOCb
Ha3BaHI1C KaKOH-HI16Yllb pCKII, npOTeKalOlllcl! no TCppl1-
TOpll11 POCCl1l1. ECJII1 Bbl npaBllJlbHO CnpaBlIJIl1Cb C 3a.u.a-
HHCM, TO B Kp}I)KO'lKax (no nopR.!\K)', OT l-ro.l1O 8-ro)
CMO>KeTC npo'lI1TaTb Ha3BaHHC ewc OD,HOI! peKJ.I, HccyweH
CBUII BOJJ:bl Ha BOCTOKc HaWCn CTpaHbl.
146


4. 3aaaH.ue H.a coo6pa3Ume./lbH.OCmb
BmlMaTenbHO npO'ITIITC Cnc.f\YIOllllli'1 p cnOB:
nAn04KA.BOPOHA.KAPABAH,6PAnAnAT
OHA.YPHA.nAPEHb.nAnA.nPABA.
A TCncpb OTBCTbTC Ha Bonpoc: KaKoe OTHOIllCHIIC K
reorpa<»1U1 llMCIOT BbllllC nCpC'IlICnCHHblc cnoaa? "ICTKo
apryMcHTllpyi1TC CBOI! OTBCT, npH Hco6xOIlHMOCTH npHBC-
lllITC npHMCpbl.
5. rO./lOBO./lOMlca ..9 + h
81"0 3aIlaHllC IlOBOJlbHO npocro: BblllOJDKHbl npllnHcaTb
B CB06011HblC KJlCTIOI 6}'KBbI, 'IT06bJ B pe3ynbTaTC B CTOJl6uax
nOJly'lWlIICb Ha3BaWUlllCBRTI1 ropoIlOB Ii O}:{HOl! pelGl.
147
--"---

--
B CJly<lac npaBIIJlbHOrO BbInOJlHCHlISI 3a.naHnSi nCpBblC
6}'KBbl nO,1y<iCHHbIX CJlOB 06Pa3YIOT npC)!(HeC Ha3Ba-
HHIJ clUC oIlHoro poccH!lcKoro ropo)),a, KOTOpbl!l TenCpb
nMCHYeTCSI EKaTepnH6ypr.
6. Ma./leHblCaR BUlCmopuHa ffflo./lY3a6blmble
UAieHa POccuRH-nymewecmBeHHuKoB"
L Bcc Mbl C Ba\1H 3HaeM H nOMIIIIM IIMSI XpncTo<popa
KOJlYM6a. A BOT Koro 113 pyCCKllX nyrclllCCTBCHHnKOB
Ha3bIBaJlII B CBOC BpcMSI ('POCCl1lICKHM KOJlYM60M»?
2. B 1989 r. B ClITKC (6b1BIlJCM HOBo-ApxaHrCJlbCKc),
'JTO pacnoJlaraCTCSI lIa TCppl1TOpl111 A.rJSlCKI1, 6uJI OTKpblT
naWiTHIIK CJlaBlioMY CbIHY PocnU! A.rJeKCalli\PY EapaHoBY.
)KjnCJlH BeCH AnSicKH nO'lHTaIOT cro KaK OIlHoro n3 rJlaB-
HblX repocB CBoeH nCTOpml. MMCHHO Kaprono,1bCKIII! KY-
"Cll EapaHoB 250 JlCT Ha3aJJ, OTKpbUl AlliIcKY H CTaJI ncpBblM
npaBIfTeJlCM PyCCKOI! AMCplIKll. AMcpllKaHllld nOMHHT 06
3TOM, HO IIC 3a6bUlaJlH POCClli! caocro Bcplloro cblHa? ECTb
Ha rcorpa<pH'JccKIIX KapTaX 06'bCKTbI. HOCSIllUiC cro llWl?
3. BcnmmnTC, KaKo!l pyCCKH!I MOpenJlaBaTCJlb COBCp-
wnJl llCJlblX TPH KPyroCBCTllblX nJlaBaHnSl? KaKnc 011 npll
::ITOM C)),CJlaJI OTKPbITI1S1? \ITO Ha3BaHO B cro 'JCCTb?
4. B 1820 r. 3. M. naHa<pHllnHblM 6bUlII OTKpblTbl
HOBblC OCTpOBa K aOCToKy OT OCTpOBOB PIOKIO B 3anailHoH
148

:0:
'[aCTII Tllxoro OKcana. OH Ha3BaJl IIX llMCHCM CBOCro
Kopa6J1J1, KOTOpblH, B CBOIO O'lCpCllb, HOCllJl rOpllOC lIa3Ba-
HlIC, CBSl3aHHOC co 311aMCHUTbiM Cpa>KCHIICM. MTaK, KaK
>KC naHa4mllHH Hape:K OHOBb OTKPblTb!C 3CMJ!II?
5. MHOfllC H3 sac '1IITaJ1H KHmy B. Kal!Cplilla <<D.lIa
KanllTaHa" IIJIII XOTSI 6b1 CMOTpCJUI ClIIITblH no HCH 4>lIJIbM.
n0311aKOMliBUlIICbC COllCp>KamICM npOIl3BellCHI!!J. HCKOTO-
pblC H3 Bac, Hal!CpHOC, npIl3aD.YManHCb: «npaBlIa JlH 3TO IIJIH
TonbKO nOJlCT aBTOpcKoII $aHTa3lm?,) Cpa3Y XO'[CTCSI CKa-
33Tb, '1TO HH caMOro KanllTaHa TaTapllllOBa, IIH cro UlX)'Hbi
«COJlTaH MapHSI» B llCIICTBIiTenbHOCTIi IIC CYll1cCTBOcano.
A TCncpb HanpSlrllTC CBOIO naMlITb 11 nocrapaHTccb ocnOM-
IIl1Tb, KaKHC >KC nOllJlHIIHblC c06b1TI!!J B llCTOpml IIccnCllO-
BaHI!!J ApKTIIIG! Rcmll B ocnoBY TaKoro 6onbworo potaHa
06 JKCnClIllUHII TaTapmlOna? KTO SI:BnHCTCSI npoo6pa30M
KanUTaHa TaTapHHoBa? YBCKODC'ICHbi JIM IIMClla «):(Bol!nH-
KOB» Kanl1Talia lIa rcorpa$II'ICCKHX KapYaX?
7. KpunmozpaMMa orA. fl. 'lexoB
o B.eJlUKOU PYCCKOU peKe.
11'" 3 2 ,. 21 4 ti 2 5" 19 2 23 41
21 2 5 4 23 7 5 2 22 3 2 2
2 3 4 B 2 1'-: 20 7 11 14 15 4 12 ,..
1312 4 8 10 7 21 13 12 ,.. 16 7 11 17 10 13 19 9 P':I
23 7 10 7 19 13 12 Ii" 3 2'" 18 3 17 2 10r:1
23 14 ti 17 Vti 2 21 17 10 9F 8 21 7 4
8 4 5 13 ,.. 4 ,.. 20 7 5 7 6 7 8 10 9 "':1

B CCTKC 3TOI1 rOJlOBOJlOMKII 3awlI$ponallbJ cnona
BCJJIIKOro pyccKoro nHcaTCnSl 06 01l1l0H 113 Kpynucl!lllllx
peK POCClm. nonp06yl!TC npO'lllTaTb IIX, onHpaHCb lIa
npHBC):(CHllbIC llaJIbUiC KJlIO'ICDblC cnona.
149
---'----

a) 17,3, II, 17,19,17 - npaBblA, caMblH MIiOroBOIl-
IIhll1, npllTOK EHIICCH;
6) 20, 17, I - npaBbl!! npl1TOK AiuIalla;
B) 21, 7, 5, II, 17 - .caM8H MHorol!OllHaii pCKa
EepOnbl;
r) 6, 7, 3 - peKa B cBponcHcKol! '!aCTI1 POCCI1I1;
JJ.) 8, 14,5, 17 - peK8 Ha CCBCpC cBponcHcKotl '!aCTI1
Poccml;
c) 15,4, 19 - npaBbl!! npllTOK Aoua;
>K) 16, 4, I - peKa na A1rrac;
3)23,17,18, 13, 19-peKaBropaxIO>KHoI!CI16I1PI1;
11) 23, 2, 10, 9 - npaBblH npllTOK 0611;
K) 17,3, 14, 12 - nCBbll! npllToK 0611;
JI) 22, 14, 19 - peKa Ha CCBCpO-BOCTOKc 3anallilofi
C11611pll.
8. BUKmOpUH.a ..flpocmopbl Poccuu
I. 3naCTC JIll Bbl, CKonbKO CTpaH-CoccIlcl! y POCCllII?
nOCTapal!TCcb ecnoMHIITb JoIX II HaJB3Tb no naMiiTII, Hc
npH6erIDl K nOMOllil1 KapTbl. IJr06h1 DaM 6hlJ10 JlCf\IC CllenaTb
3TO, npeMaracM Ha'I3Tb no nopMKY C CCBcpo-3analla.
2. Ha30BIITC caMyJO 6OJJblllyJO no npOTIDKCHHOCTII
cyxonyrJIylO lJ!aHIIL(Y POCCIIII. A C KaKIIM rocYllapcTBOM
Halia POJ\I1Ha I1MCCT CaMylO MaJlCHbKYIO lJ!aHHL(Y?
3. BcnoMHI1TC, KaKHC OKcaHhI 11 I1X MOpH OMblDaIOT
6cpera POCCIIH?
4. HanpHniTC CBOIO naMHTb 11 Ha30BHTC Kpal!Hlle
reolJ!a<tm'!ccKllc TO'!Kll POCCI1I1: cCBepllyJO (pacnoJlara-
IOUO'IOCJI Ha MaTepl1KC 11 Ha oCTpOBe), lO>KHylO, JanallllyIO
II BOCTO<lHYIO. A Tcncpb B03bMIITC Kapl)' 11 onpclleJUITc IIX
KoopllllHaTbl.
5. Halll JllaMCHlITbl!! Tl1xooKcaHcKI1A MOpCKOH <PJlOT
HOCliT IIMJI... BcnOMHI1TC <paMI1JII1IO 3TOro'!CJlOBeKa II MCCTO
cro 33XoponCHlliI.
6. 3Hae-re JIll BhI, rJ\c pacno"araIOTCJI reolJ!a<pII'!ccKIIC
UCHTpbl CHr, POCCHI1, A3l1ll? HaJOBIITC 3TH TO'!KII. ECJlI1
150

B03HHKHyT onpC)J.CJlCIIHbIC TpY)J.HOCTII, 06paTIITCCb 3a no-
MOl1.\blO K B811ICMY .Il)I'IIlICM}' (<TOBapllllIY" - reorpa<pII'!cc-
KOII Kap1'C.
7. KaK Bbl ll}'l>lacTC, CKonbKO 'Cy6'beKTOB BXO)J.}1T B
COCTaB PoccHllcKoH <I>C)J.CP81.(1I1I? ITo MCpC CIIJIII B03MO)l(-
HOCTci'I CKroIGITC, CKonbKO 13 POCCIIII 06naCTclI, pecny6-
nllK, aBTOHOMHblX OKpyroB, KpacB, ropO)J.OB I.(CHTpaJIbHO-
ro nOll'!IIHCIlIIH, aIlTOI!OMHblX 06nacTclI?
8. Ha30BIITC caMYIO 6onbllIYlO pccny6nllKY, BXOllH-
11.\)'10 D COCT8B POCCIIIICKOIl <I>cllcpal.(lIlI. A KaKaH ca\lan
MaJlCHbKan?
9. KIDK.u.blH pcmOH POCCIIH HMCCT KaKlIC-TO CBOH
OC06CHHOCTH, HanpllMCp, '13bIKOBbIC. KaKOH pcrllOlf, no-
BaIlICMY, HBJUlCTCH caMbiM \lHOroH3bl\IHbIM?
10. HaJOBIITC IIMH" caMoro BOCTO'lHOro Ifaropbll
POCCIIII.
11. B MOpllX KaKOro OKcaHa HaxO)J.lITCII MHO)l(CCTBO
OCl'pOBOB, npIIHa.IlJlC)l(al1.\IIX POCCHII? BcnoMHHTC II Ha30-
BHTC caMblll60nbIlIoii: OCTPOB, npIlHa.IlJlCJKaI1.\Hii PocCIm.
9. rOJ/.OBOJ/.OMKa flAputPMemuKa
u zopoiJa Poceuu.
BaIlIa 3Ma'!a )J.OBonbHO npocra: H}'JKHO CnO)l(lITb no-
MCI1.\CIlHblC HIDKC cnOBa II 13 CYMMC nonY'UITb Ha313aHIIC
KaKOro- nH60 pOCCHHCKOro ropOJla. ITpll3TOM pa3pCllIaCT-
CII ncpccraBJIIITh 6YJCBbi B npe)J.eJlax OllHOro ('npHMCpa»
Y)J.a'!lI DaM!
1. KYC + KPMT = ?
2. MOCT + KOPA = ?
3. SlK + KYCf = ?
4. BOP + fA,[{ + fOJI = ?
5. CTO + JIAK = ?
6. BAJI + CfOK + ,l.J;MBO = ?
7. EAP + YJIAH = ?
151


8. D.OrOBOP + H = ?
9. KPAH + P + COD.A = ?
10. EOPI1C + T.TIEE + COK =?
10. KpunmozpaMMa MbICJib 0 60zamcmBux
poaHoii aeMJiU»
PacllU1<ppoBaB KpIIflTorpaMMY, Bbl CMO)j{CTC npo'll1-
TaTb BblCKa3bIBaHI1e OTBa)f(HOrO 3cMncnpoxolll.la 0 ll.\C)J.po-
CTI1 11 60raTcTDc PYCCKOi'l 3CMnl1. KPOMC TOro, Y Bac eCTb
B03MO)f(HOCTb y3HaTb I1MS! ::noro 'IClIOBCKa 11 MCCTonono-
)f(elllfC Tex MCCT, r)J.c nponCraJIlI Maprupyrbl IlOXO)J.OB
BCJlI1KOro IIccnC)J.OBaTcnS!.
P'. 8 3.... 13 3 6 5 4,.- 4P' 52611 7 1 "-:1
1 4 .... 14 5 3 'iii 7 1 ,., 4,.-9 2 10 2 5 4 711r:J
4P' 17 9 15 18 2 19 2P' 13 17 3 21 20 151
6 7 2 19 2 ,", 16 P'8 3"21 3 18 4
21 1 10 7 1P': 4 ,. 19 2 9 12 11 18 21 3 17 1 0
21 16 8 7 1 0'" 17 .. 8 2 23 ... 13 3 6 5 4 22 3 I
14 5 3 10 7 2 23 .. 9 18 12 11 7 2 9 8 4.... 7 41
".."" . .. , '.. ''-'" , . 
T':v. ..
11711619 14 -
5 4 23 ,. 27 2 15 21 18 2 171 I '!o-. ,'-
17 3 5 4 18 4 23 /'-..? J'K. .
4 9 9 5 3 11 2 1718 8 3 5 201 v"',;J;:.
27 21 4 16 6 12 21 20 15 ... 4 "."",' .. n,
111 161 5 20 7 3 " , ,.." 'i
- r \ -..:'.
: ,," *'" . Ii . :i4
" ,.!t
-:.0 .:-;-:
_ . t- iP-.
 -_.
.
152

B pa60Tc HM rOnODonoMKoi'l DaM nOMoryr CJlC.!\YlOIUIIC
KJllO'ICDblC cnODa:
a) 15, 18, 12, 8, 9, 18 - nopr Ha peKC JIcHa;
6) 18, 1, 13, 1,5 - ropo))., pacnonmKcHHbl1l y cnllHHIIH
6onbllloro II MaJloro EHIICCH;
D) 6, 16, 19, 16, 11, 16,7 - ropo)). D HaracBcKoi'l 6yxTC
OxOTCKOro MOpH;
r) 6, 16, 21, 14, 16 - nCBbJH npllTOK BllnlOH;
11) 2, 5, 3, 7, 25, 18 - pCKa, npoTCKalOlUaH Ha CCDepe
33l1aTCKOH <JaCTII POCClIlI;
:>K) 18, 16, 6, 24, 16, 8, 18, 16 - nonyoCTpOB Ha
D.aJlbHCM BoCTOKC POCCIIII;
3) 22, 7, 16 - pCKa B ueH1'pC cDponcHcKoll <JaCTII
POCCIIII;
Ii) 26, 19 - npaDblH npllTOK CeDCpHOH L{DIIHb1;
K) 10, 16, 23, 18, 16, 5 - caMOC rny50Koc II <JItCTOe
03Cpo D Mllpe;
n) 2, 10, 20 - O,!lHa 113 peK 3anMHoH CII6HpH;
M) 27, 2, 18,21,2, 17,9,18 - ropo))., pacnonO)KcHHblli
Ha 6epery peKII JICHbJ;
H) 17,4,5,26,23 - nCDblH npllTOK JICHbl.
11. BUKmopU1w .YpallbcKue caMoBembl.
I. KTO HanllCaJI 3TII CTpOlGl:
Ypan! Onopllblii Kpaii i}epJICaebl.
Ee i}06bllll'lUK " KY3I1el{,
PoeeclluK apeeHeii lIaweii CJIaebi
H CJIaebl IIbllleWlleii meopel{...
2. Ha YpaJIC naxo,!lslT )).OporoH caMOUDCTHblH KaMCHb,
UCHa KOTOpOro 3aDilCIIT OT <iTCnnO" rpallll». ho 3TO 3a
MIIHCpaJI? 06'bHCHIITC nOHHTIIC <iTCrIJlag rpaHb».
3. YPaJIbCKIlC MaCTepa DCcr,!la BbWClIHnllCb CDOIIM
npexpcccHOHaJllI3MOM. O,!lHIDKJJ:bJ OHII C03)).aJllI KapTY Ha-
WCH cTpaHbl1l3 caMOUDCTOD. 3m 6b1n HcnpeB30H,!lCHHblH
IlIC,!lCDp... B KaKOM roLIY 3TO npoll30wno? f,!lc CCH'lac
xpaHIlTCH 3TIl YHIIKaJlbHag !CapTa?
15.3

4. Ha3BaHIIC KaKoro
ypaJIbCKOro CaMOI.{BCTa 1\ nc-
peBOllc C rpC'lCCKOro 03Ha<Ja-
CT "po3a»?
5. B npllpoJJ.e CYJl.\cCTBYCT
KpaCHBbl1l MHHCpaJI. «IIMSh>
KOToporo BOumO B !JaJBaIIllC
nODCCTII 113DCCTHOro PYCCKO-
ro nllcaTCJUI A 11. KynpllHa
Ha30BIITC 3TOT KaMCHb.
6. ITpllXoJJ.llnocb nil BaM
CnbJUIaTb Bblpa)l(CHIIC «nc-
'lCllblH Tona3»? Tona3 -
- . KaMCHb. 8TO BnonHC nOHSlT-
HO. Ho nO'lCMY nC<JCHbIH?
06'bSiCHIITC. KaK Bbl JJ.YMaCTC. KaKOrO OH I.{BcTa?
7. B npllpolle eCTb MIIHCpaJI. KOTOpblH !JOCHT'lenore-
<JCCKOC IIMSI. HaJOBIITC cro.
8. CyJI.{ecrnYCT MHOro MIIHCpaJIOB. HaJBaHIISI KOTOpLiX
TaK Hnlllllla<JC CBSl3aHbJ C )l(J.!BOTHblM MllpoM. ITpllnoMHII-
TC XOTSI 6bJ !JCKOTOPbIC H3 HIIX.
9. A cci'I<Jac BCJlOMHIITC caMOUBCTbI. na3BaHIIC KOTO-
pblX HanOMIIHalOT 0 1.{0CTe.
10. ITonpo6yJ1Te lIaJBaTb HCKOTOpblC MIIHCpaJIbl. KO-
TOpblC BncpBblc 6b1nll OTKpbITbJ HcnocpCllCTBCllllO Ha
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,. CaMoe McnKODOJJ.HOC MOpC B Mllpe.
2. KpynHcHumif nplITOK pCKII 06b.
3. KpynHci'lwlli'I no CBOIIM 3anaCaM yronbHblH 6ac-
CCHH POCCHII.
'4. PYCCKHII 3cMncnpOXOllclt. BncpBblc lloCTllrUJH
Tuxoro OKC8Ha.
S. CTOnHua pecny6nllKII MapHII-8n.
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6. 0.D.Ha 113 CII6HpcKlIX pCK, Ha 6epcrax KOTOpo CTOIIT
ropo)). naBJIo)).ap.
7. CaMblH KpynHblfi no )).06bl'lC )f(CJlC30PY)).HbIH 6ac-
CCHH POCCIIII.
8. CTOJlIIL\a Pccny6mlKH Caxa ($h(yrllil).
9. CaMag BblCOKaH ropa YpaJIa. .
10. nyrelllccTBcllflllK, KOTOpOro Ha3bIBaJlII poccHfic-
K!lM KOJJyM6oM.
II. CaMblH BblCOKIIH JICfiCTBYlO1I.(IIfi Bymam POCCIIH.
12. PyCCKlIH nyreIllCCTBeHHIIK, llOKaJaBllIlIH OCTpOB-
HOC nOnO)f(CHIIC CaXaJlIIHa.
13. CTOJlIIL\CH KaKOH pccny6J1I1KII B COCTaBC POCCIli1:-
CKOH <I>c)).cpaL\1I1I HBJlHCTCH ropoll Kb13bUl?
14. Mopc, B KOTOpoe HCCCT CBOII BO)).bl pCKa JIcHa.
15. KpynHcHIIJIIH OCYpOB y 6epcroB POCCIIII.
16. PyCCKIIH }f'ICHblH, )).oKa3aBIlIIIH ncpBblM PCaJlb-
HYIO D03MO)f(HOCTb nJlaBaHIIH CeBcPHblM MOpCKIIM ny-
reM.
17. JO)f(Hag OKOHC'IHOCTb nonY0CTpoBa KaM'IaTKa.
18. npom1B, OT)).CJUlI01I.(H OCTpOB BaHra'l OT MarepllKa.
19. CaMagllJllIHHag peKa, BnalO1I.(ag B 03epO EaHKaJI.
20. 0611.(8$1 npoTIDKcHHOCTb rpaHIIL\ POCCIIII.
21. qllCJlCHHOCTb HaCCJleHIIH POCCIII1 (npIlMcpHO).
22. CaMag BbiCOKaR pocCIIHCKag BCpIllIlHa.
23. BblCllIag TO'IKa CII611PH
24. CaMblc KpynHbICJlC)).HIIKII Ha reppllTOpllH POCCHII.
25. Mecro B POCCHH, r)).e CTORT caMbiC relUlblC 311Mbl.
26. MCCTO B POCCIIII. rllc CTOSiT caMblC XOJlO)).HbIC 3HMbl.
27. CKOJlbKO npOL\CHTOB reppllTopll1l POCCHH 3aHH-
M310T Jlcca?
28 rnc paCnOJlaralOTCSl DCC «nSlTllTbICR'IHIIKII» (ropbl
BblCOTOH CBblllIC 5000 MCTpOB) POCCHII?
29. CaMag llJlHllllag pCKa, nOJlHOCTblO HaxOID/1I.(MCR
Ha TCppllTOpllH POCCIIH.
30. CKOJlbKO KpynncHIlIHx peK Mllpa HaxQ.lJ.HTCSl !fa
reppllTOpll1l POCCHII?
155

13. C/1uABopa (,flymewecmsue no Poccuu'>
CMblCJI3T01l ronoBOnoMKII COCTOHT 0 TOM, '1TO H}')K-
HO OTblCKaTb PM }'Ka3allllblx cnOB Ha 6YKBCHHOM nonc, TO
CCTb Bbl'lCpKHyrb 6YKObl, COCTaBJIJlIOll.\HC TO WIll HHOC
CJlOBO. J1pll peWCHlI1I Y'lTIITe: cnooa MOryr pacnonaraTbCJI
no ropll30nTaJlII, BCpTHKaJlH H .ll.lIaroHaJlJlM, 110 MOryr II
'1HTaTbCJI B 06parnOM HanpaBnCHlI1I II ncpecCKaTbCJI.
B :noll 'ronOBonOMKC Bbl .ll.On)f(Hbl OTblCKaTb 24 rco-
rpactm'lCCKIIX Ha3BaHHJI: '/CTbIPC pCKII H D:B3.I!uaTb ropo-
!{OB POCCIIII. I1TaK, 06paniTC BHIIMaHlle Ha cneD:YJOllHC
<'IIMena»:
PEKII1:
Bonra
OHera
To6on
AHenp
roPO,lJ,A:
nli1neu,K
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nCKOB
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BonrorpaA
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OPCK
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156

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p 0 C T 0 B M K P n E H 11 c
r n K K P A C H 0 II A P b A
14. '1mo 3aecb HanucaHo?
Hafl)J)l npllcUlcMblr. cnoco6 'ITCHIISI, Bbl CMOA<C1C
y3HaTb CTpO'lK)' nonYJlSlpHOH nCCHII 0 HaUlcr. POl\IIHC
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15. Pe6yc-nOC./lOBuqa
Pacum<1>poBaB 3TOT pc6yc, BbI npO'lTCTC O'lCHb TO'l-
JlyIO xapaKrepIlCTIIK)'. l\aHnylO HapO):{OM Cll.(C B nponmOM
BCKC CTOJIIIL(C namc!! POl\IIHbI - MOCKBC.
tee
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zeozpauecK.ux na3BanUU&
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mlTb Ha3BaHHH poccllikKIIX ropoAOB, KOHC'lHO. cClIIl
LlBHraTbCSI B onpellcnCHHOM HanpaBJICHIIH. Y'lTIITC, 'lTO
«IIMena" 'lIlTaIOTCSI KaK B 'lahIBOPllc, TO CCTb nocnCAHHSI
6YKBa npellblJ1Yll.l.cro cnoBa SlBJlSlCTCSl ncpBoH 6YKBOH no-
cnCJIYIOll.(cro. EcnH BbJ BCpHO npO'lHTaJlII Ha3BaHIIJI ropo-
LlOB, Ha HrpOBOM nonc nOSlBJISIIOTCSI '!"pll npaBHnbHblC
reoMc1pH'lCCKIIC <1>lIrypbl.
C M H 0 SI (; A P H A V K 0
o E n 3 H 3 M K 0 K Y P C
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Balla 33JIa'la - BnncaTb B nYCTbIC KJlCTKIl HCKIIC
6YKBbI. 'IT06b1 113 Hnx CnO)f(IIJIl1Cb Ha3BaHIISI pCK POCClIll.
rIpll pa60TC onllpat'ITCCb Ha yJKC HanC'laTaHHblC rnaCHblC;
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PacllIlI<ppooan 3T11D:lla pc6yca. Bbl Y3HaCTC. KaK rOBO-
pin B HapOD:C 0 MOCKBC 11 rICTcp6ypre.
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MI1, nOCTapaitTccb npO'IHTaTb nHTb Ha-
3Balll1it pOCCHitCKIiX ropoAOU. Y'ITtITC,
'ITO 6YKBbi u npcACJl8X nOJlOCKH HCJlb3!!
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CaMoe-caMoe.....
l. Ca'>fblfi DblCOKHH AeHCTByiOll.\HH BYJlKaH Ha TCppll-
ropmi POCCHli. rAe OH HaxoAHTCS! Ii KaK na3b1BaCTCS!?
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BIIHMaTCJlbHO paCCMOTpCB
npHMoyronbHHK co BrIllCalUlblMH
B Hcro 6yKDaMH H HailIDJ aJlro-
pHTM 'ITCllliH. MO)KHO npO'IHTaTb
t133BaHHH nffi'li pCK. OAIIO H3 mIx
lIaXOAHTCH cpa3Y )KC, a BOT 'lT06b!
OTb!CKaTb llpyntC, npllJlCTCH HC-
MHoro nOAYMaTb.
22. Co6epu K8aiJpam
EcnH Bb! npaBHnbllO 1l0CYpOliTC lI3 3TIIX pa3po3HCII-
HbiX <jmryp KDaJlpaT, TO B cro ropH3011T3JlbHbIX pmmx
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H H
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rIonp06yiiTC nOMCHHTb MCCTa-
MH ABC qmrypbl TaKHM 06pa30M,
'IT06bl B 11TOre MO)KHO 6blJl0 npO-
'1IiTaTb na3BaHHC ropoAa J1cHIiH-
rpMCKOH 06J1aCTII.
24. TaUl'tcm8ennbtU U{um
BHHMaTCJlbHO nOCMOTPwrc na pHCyHOK i1 nonblT311-
TeCb npO'IHTaTb Ha Il.\IITC C 6YKBaMH Ha3BalllIH lIBYX
pyCCKHX roPOAOB. Y'ITIITC, 'ITO 'IHTaTb MO)KnO BO BCCX
nanpaBJlCllllHX.
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A TCnepb BHlIMaTCJlbHO nocMOYpIiTC Ha nOMcmeHHblC
3JJ;CCb llieCTb He60JlblliliX pe6ycoB. B HIiX «cnpSlTaHbl»
Ha3BaHliH HCKOTOpblX rop, rOpHblX xpe6TOB Ii nJlOCKOTO-
pHH, paCnOilO>KeHHblX Ha TCppliTOpliH POCCIUI. rIonpo-
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CTpaHbI \1D,CT pC<Jb.
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26. CJl080Kam B Cu6upu
I. PCKa Ha TCppl1TOpl1H KpacHoHpCKoro KpaH. 2. PC"<1
B ropax 10)KllOii C11611pl1. 3. CTOill1l\a TYBbJ. 4. PCKa,
npoTCKalOlUaH B N1TaticKoM Kpae, npl1TOK pCKI1 06b.
S. OD,HH 113 rOpOD,OD TOMCKO" 06naCTI1. 6. rOpOD, Ha
6cpcrax pCKI1 I1H. 7. npaBblM npl1TOK 0611. 8. PCKa lla
TCppl1TOpl111 AJlTaiicKoro KpaH, npliToK 0611. 9. rOpOD,
B EYPHTI1I1. 10. OD,I1H 113 ropo.u.oB TY1\bI.
169

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27. AMepUKaftCKUii Kpocc80piJ
<treoepacpU'leCKUe fta38aftUR
nepeD, B3MlI CCTKa KpOCCBOpD,a C OD,IIHM-C):\IiHCTBeH-
HblM BnllcaHHblM CJlOBOM. OHO 6yD,CT D,Jl!I B3C nOD,CKa3Kofi.
OcTaJIbHblC CJlOBa - reorpa!l>wlecKHc /la3B3mm POCCllM-
CKHX ropOD,OB H pCK - BaM npeD,CTOHT BHeCTH C3MHM.
AKTAW
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"IHTaH QCpe3 6YKBY (lIaQaD C m060M DaM npHfilHIIYB-
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D,OB POCCHH.
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29. Kpocceopa ..nymewecmeue
fIo Kapme PoccuUt
no ropH301ITaJ1H: 5. fOPOA n CDCPA.JlOOCKOH 06J1acTH.
6. PCKa Ha lOre POCC!!!!, np!!TOK pCKH KaTYHb. 9. PCKa D
Ka3aXCTI!HC!! POCC!!I1, JlCDblll npHTOK fljJTblllla. 11. fOPOA
D nCHI!Hrpa,!!-CKoi1 06J1acTI!. 12. PCKa, npOTcKalOll\<Ul no
TCppl!TOpiUl cBponcllcKoll qacrn POCC!!!!. 15. rOpO)! Ha
6cpcrax OK!!. 17. OlUm !!3 nOjJToD OxoTcKoro MOpR.
18. PeKa 0 £KYTlm, JlCnblH npllTOK AnAaHa. 19. OAHa lI3
pCK £Kyrlm. 20. TIpccHooOAHOC 03CpO na IOro-nocn5KC
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)KCHHblH Ha 6cpcrax YpaJIa. 25. fopoA-nopT Ha BOJlre.
26. PCKa IIa TCPP!!TOPll!! AaJlbHCrO BOCTOKa. 29. PCKa Ha
CCDcpO-3ananc coponcllcKoll qaCTli POCC!!!!. 30. fOPOA B
KpaclloHpcKOM Kpac. 31. TIpHTOK PCK!! MCADC.lUU.\a.
33. ropOA B AnTaHCKOM Kpac. 34. HaCCJlCHHblll nYHKT BO
BJJa;I.IIM!!PCKOH 06J1aCTlI, npliCTalib na pCKC OKa.
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paCIIOJlQ)KCHHblt1 lIa 6cperax I1PTblllla. 3. PeKa lIa 10)l(HOM
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rpa.aCKOll 06J1acTI!. 10. PCKa Ha CCDcpo-3ana)!,c cDponcll-
CKOll 'IaCTll POCCIlIl. 13. EawKllpCKlIll ropoA Ha pCKC
ECJlaH. 14. rOpOl!. D CapaToDcKoH 06J1aCTII, pacnonmKcII-
Hblll IIa pCKe Xoncp. 16. rOpOl!. D JlKYTlm, nopT Ha pCKC
JIcHa. 18. rOpOl!. Ha 6cpcry pCKII A6aKall. 21. HaccJlcHHbli1
nY"KT CapaToBcKoil 06J1aCTIl II DCPXOBbHX pCKIl MaJlblll
Y3CHb. 22. PCKa B 3aDomKbc, JlCDblll npllToK BOJlfll.
23. 0l!.1I11113 ropol!.OD TYUbl. 27. ropo)!, B ApXaHreJlbCKOll
06J1acTI!. 28. npllCTallb Ha pCKC lI,Ha. 31. PCKa lIa IOro-
DOCTOKC 3an3JI.HOll C1I611pll, npaBbli1 npllToK 0611.32. OJ!Ha
113 pCK KpaCHOHpcKoro KpaH, npllTOK pCKIl KaH.
30. FOJtoBOAOMKa ..Omblu!
I. CpCl!.1I 'IacTcfl CBCTa OTbllllllTC PCKY:
BOCTOK, lOr, CEBEP, 3AnA,lJ,.
2. CpCIDI 3apocncli HaMIlTe ropOA:
JIEC, POlllA, BOP.
3. B OKcaHC MY3blKil CYMCllTC 'tl3llTll PCKY:
MI1HOP, MA>KOP, HOTA.
4. BpcMclla rOAa... CpcAn llHX «cnpmancH» ropol!..
BECHA, JIETO, OCEHb, 311MA.
5. B CTa.llC )!(IIBOTHbiX <'3aMaCKllpOBalIacb» pCKa. Hall-
lJ.lITC CC.
TEJIEHOK, nTEHEu" ME):{B£)KOHOK, OJIEHEK
6. OTJIblX Ha Bb160p: I1rPA, KHl1rA, COH, EM.
CpCl!.1I 3T1!X CJlOD Hy)!(HO OTblCK3Tb Ha3DaHIlC ropoAa.
7. npCABOl!.IITCJIHMIl lIapOl!.HblX BOCCTaHIIll6blJlII PA-
311H, nYrNIEB, EOJIOTHMKOB. HaMIlTc roPOA.
8. B CTaC nTl!l\ «cnpHTaJlaCb» pCKa. KaKaH?
CI1HI1U,A, rPAll, ):{P03J{, BOPOHA
9. B lIam!TKaX «3a6J1YAIIJlacb» peKa. Hai1J!llTc ce.
KBAC, COK, MOPC.
10. OKa3blBacTcH, ropOl!.a MOl)'!' 6blTb pOl!.CTBCHIII!K3-
:'Ill... C HaCCKOMbIMIl. t.!TO 3TO 3a ropOA?
nt.!EJIA, MYXA, CTPEK03A, OCA.
173

II. Xonrre 'lTO-IIH6YAb nepeI<)'CI!Tb? nO>KaJIyilcTa,
nCpCA naMH EYJ1KA, EYEJ1I1K, XJIEE. KAJIA'I. TOnbKO
HC CbCllIbTC ropo.v;. KaKOJ:l?
12. OTbllllllTC CpCAH HMeH Ha3naHlie ropOAa:
MAPI1.H, J1EHA, BAJIEHTI1HA. OJ1bfA.
13. 11 CHoBa IITIIUbl... OTblllIlITC CpCAH HHX ropo.v;:
KOPlllYH, .HCTPEE, COKOJ1, KOE'II1K.
OTBEThl " ZAa6e «Ila npocmopax Poccuu"
1. 'IaiillBoPA «fopOAa POCCHH»
I. CMoncHcK. 2. KypCK. 3. KaHCK. 4. KypraH. 5. HOOOCH-
6I1pCK. 6. KYlIryp. 7. POCTOO. 8. Bonrorpa.u.. 9. LlyxoolllllHa.
10. A'IlIHCK. II. KaJlyra. 12. Ap3aMac. 13. CapaToo.
14. BOPOHCJK. 15. )l(YKooKa. 16. ACIIIIO. 17. OpeJl. 18. J1HnCUK.
19. Kllpoo.20. BonorAa. :£I. A6aKaH. 22 HOBropo.u.. 23. LlaHKoo.
24. Bna.u.ll:'mp. 25. I'L16HHCK. 26. Kocrpo:'la. 27. AHaabipb.
2. fonoBonoMKa ,,3x3 = peKa»
ECJlII npaOllJlbHO COOMCCTIITb Tpl! Kpyra C HamlcaHllbIMH
Ha HIIX 6YKBa"lII, TO 110 OCpTllKaJIl1 OT OHCWHcii OKpyJKlIOCTII
K BHYTPCIIHCI! MOJKHO npO'IIITaTb lIaJOaH11!! CJlCAYIOIl\IIX pCK:
06b, nyp, OKa, Y<!Ja, 5IHa, IJ.Ha, 411p, YAa, Ma!!, HIO!!, Ta3,
LlOH, TOH, CoJK, Ell!!, IiH!!.
3. fOnOBOJlOMKa «PeKH POCCHH»
I. Llllcnp. 2. 4ynblM. 3. T06on. 4. BOllia. 5. KOHAa.
6. rllnlOii. 7. Mllacc. 8. Mapxa.
B ObUl.CnCHHbiX KpyJKKaX C 1-1'0 no 8-ll '1l1TaCM lIa30aHItC
CIl\C OIlHOI! pCKI! - LlynraJIax.
4. 3a.u:aHHe IIa COO6Pa3HTCJIbHOCTb
Bce npl!DCACIIHbie CJ10Ba HBJI!!IOTC!! rcorpa<!JII'lccKIIMH
Ha3BaHI!!!MH. llIcCTb «IIMeH» MOJKHO HallTI! Ha KapTC POCCIIII,
a OCTaBWHCC!! 'lCTbipC - Ha KapTC :'mpa.
nAJ104KA - ropoA B TOMCKOll o6JIaCTH.
BOPOHA - rop B BOpOHCJKCKOI! 06J1acTli.
174

nAJIATKA - ropo.n: B Mara.uaHCKO}1 0611aCTII.
OHA - pCKa, npOTCKalOIl\aH no TCppllTOplUl KpaclIO!Ip-
CKOro KpaJI.
YFHA - ropOA B TIOMCHCKOll 0611aCTIl.
nAPEHb - pCKa, IICCYll\aJI CDOI! DOAbl no TeppITOpllll
KaM'-!aTKIL
KAPABAH - ropOA, paCnOJlOJKCHHbl1! D <DepraHcKol!
JlOJIIIHC.
EPAK - ropoA D rocy.n:apCTBC J1I1DIUI.
nAnA - ropoA D BeHrpIUl.
nPABJIA - roPOA B TypKMCHI!I!.
5. fOIiOBOJlOMKa .,9+...
I. Calapa. 2. BaJlJlall. 3. EHIII;:cit 4. POCTOB. 5. ):laHKoB.
6. J1HnCI{K. 7. OJlCHeK. 8. BCJIbCK. 9. CKonIlH. 10. KypraH.
no ncpBblM 6YKBaM 'IIfrnCM: CaepJl./loocK.
6. ManCHLKaJI BHKTOpHlIa .,n0JJy3a6WTb1c HMCHa POCCH-
HI\-DyrcweCTBeI\IIHKOB
I. 4CCTb OTKpblTIIJI 3anl\.ll.HOrO n06cpcJKbJl AMCpIlKII,
IlCCIiCAOBaHIIH II OCOOCHII!! AIIHcKII, Aa II BCCro ceBepo-
3anl\.ll.IIoro n06cpcJKbH CCBCpHOll AMcpl1K1!, nOIiHOCTblO npll-
Ha,nnCJKI!T PYCCKIIM nyYCwcCTBcHHIlKaM-lIccIiCAOBaTCJI!!M
XVlll OCKa: MoaHY <DcAOpoOY, A.nCKCCIO 4I1PIlKOOY, Ml1xall-
JlY rno3IJ.coy II rpllrOpl11O lllCIICXOBY. MMCHHO lllCIICXOB
OpraHl!30Balll.lCJIbill P!UJ. pyCCKllx nOCCIiKOB B AMCpIlKC. Ero-
TO II BeIlIl'laJIlI poCCllilCKIlM KOIlYM6oM».
Ha KapTaX POCCHII MOJKHO Ham-II 3aJ1l!D lllcJlcxooa
(0 OXOTCKOM Mope); MbIC, ropa II 6aHKa OCTpOBa napaMYUlIlp,
'1TO B Kypll.%CKO}1 rp!UJ.e, TaJOKC HOC!!T ero 11M!!. ECIIII
OHIIMaTCJlbHO paccMOTPcTb KapTbI n06cpeJKb!! CeBepHoii
AMCPIIKII, TO nO'lTIl cpa3Y HarlJlYTC!! OCTpOB II 6aHKa apxllric-
lIara A.ncKCaHJ\pa, a TaJOl(C npom!B B 3aJIIIOC A.n!!CKa, KOTOpblC
HOCHT IlMJI rpllropIDI lllcllcxooa.
2. KoHC'IHO, 6l1aro.v.aplla!! POCCII!! HC Morna 336bITb
AIIcKCallJlpa EapaHOBa. B cro '1CCTb Ha3DaHa ropa Ha OCTpooe
CaXaJll1H II MblC, B.n:alOIl\lIllCH B TarnpCKlI}1 npomm.
3. TplI KpyrocnCTlIbix nnaBaHII!! COOCPWIIJI PYCCKI1I!
nyYCWCCTOCHHIIK, IICCIiCAOBaTelib II MOpCXQlJ. KOl.lc6y OTIo
EBcrn<j>bcBII'I. 011 OTKpblll OKOIIO 400 OCTpODOB D aKBaTOp1l1l
Tllxoro OKcaHa, 33HI1MaJlCH 06CIICAODaHIICM no6epeJKbH A1uIc-
175


KI1. OKOJ!O 3TOro nonyocrpOBa KOLlc6y IJ 1816 r. OTKpblJl
3M 110, KOTOPOMY BnocnCACTBlUI npllCDOlIJIl1 cro IIMH.
4. OcrpoBa EOPOJUIHO. KCTaTll, Ha 3apy6eJKHS!x KaPTaX
!IX OCJ!H'laIOT IICCKonbKO Ima'iC - ocrpOBa Oarapl1.
S. Y KanllT'dHa TaTap>lHOBa 113 pOMaHa B. KaoepliHa 6bL10
!lCCKOnbKO npqo6pa301J: nci\TCHaliT rcopr>ll! JIbBOBlI'l Epy-
cunoB, wl)'pMaH BancpuaH HBaHoBlI'l Anb6aHoo, nonHpllblH
rconor II MopCXOA BnaJUIMllP AncKCaIlJlpOBII'1 PycalloB, CTap-
wl1ti Jlcl!TCHaHT rCoprJllI RKOBnC\lI1'1 CCAOIJ II 6PIlT'dlicKUl!
MopcnnaBaTcnb P06CPT <1>anKoli CKOTT. KCTaTll, CCJ!II Obi
nOMHHTC cnOBa K.nHTlJbI CaHiI rpllropbcBa 11 cro JlPY3cI!
,<EOpoTbCH II IIcKaTb, !laIITlIIIIiC CJla03TbCH, TO OHII n03a11M-
CTOODaHbllf3 n03Mbi KJlaCCI1Ka aHrnlll!cKoi\ n0331111 AnulJpe-
Aa TClIIlIICOlia Ynllcc. HMCIIHO ::rra <!>pa3a YKpawaCT MO-
rll>1bHbl1l KpCCT 13 AHTdPKTIIJlC, YCTaHOlJnCHHblif B naMHTb
OTlJ3)KIIOI! WCCTCpKII allrnll'lall-IICCnCAoBarencl! DO rnaoc CO
CKOTTOM.
06paTIIBWIICb K KapTC, Mbi lIaif1I.eM ropLI Epycunooa
(BAIlTapKTIIJIC), lbIC, 1I0CHlllllli !lMH Anb6aHooa, HaOCTpOBe
rYKcpa, 'ITO lIa 3clJ!c <1>palllld Hocl1<!>a; nonyocrpoo Pycallooa
(HOBaH 3cMnH). A HMCHCM CCAODa Ha3BaH 33111113 \I KapcKoM
MOpC 11 apKTII'ICCKaH CTaHLllm.
7. KpHnTorpaMMa A. n. 'IexoB 0 BeJJHKOii PYCCKOI! peKe..
KnIO'ICOblC cnoo."1:
a) Allrapa, 6) MaH, B) Bom-a, r) ):lOll, A) Cyna, c) 'IIIP,
JK) EIIH, 3) Ka3b1P. II) KCTb. K) AHyi\, JI) nyp.
3aMCHIIB I1I1<!>Pbl6YKDaMI1 B CCTKc.Kpl1nTOrpaMMbl, 'lifTa-
CM: "R HC 01lJlCJ! peK11 BC!!>IKO!!CnHCC EHilceH... MOI)"mii,
HCllCTOObll1 60raTblpL, KOTOpbli\ HC 3HaCT, KYAa ACBaTb COOII
CII!!bl H MOnOJlOCTb».
8. BIIKTopHHa "npOCTOpbl POCCHH"
L HopBcrllH, <1>IIHnHHllIUl. 3CTOHI1H, JIaTBIIH, JIHToa,
Ecnapycb, YKpallHa, rpY31U1, A3Ciip6arVVKall, Ka3axcTaH,
10ITaI!, MOHroJ!lIH, KH):lP, RnOHI1H, CWA.
2. CaMaH 60JlbWaH no npOTHJKCllIIOCTII cyxonYTllaH rpa-
Hl1l.la POCCIII! THHCTCH OT 1111JKIICro TC'ICI\l!H BO!!f>llIa 3ananc
AOAnTaH lIa OOCTOKC, CCJJJUlHa -7200 KM (c Ka3axCTalloM).
CaMa5I IIc60nLwaH - JJJIl1l1oii DCcro 17 KM - rpallHLla C
KOpeHCKoI! HapoAHO-):lcMoKpaTl!'ICcKol! Pecny6nl1Koti.
176

-
3. Ecpera POCCHII OMbiDaIOT OOAbi TpCX OKcaHOB: ATnaH-
TH'IeCKOrO, Tllxoro H CCBcpHoro; MOpS! - EapCHl.lCBO, Eenoe,
KapCKOC, JIarrrcoblx, BOCTO'IHO-CII6HPCKOC, 4YKOTCKOC,
ECPHHroBO, OxOTCKoe, HnOIlCKOC, KacnIlHCKOC, lJcpllOC,
A30BCKOC, EaJlTHi1CKoe.
4. Kpai1l11lc rcorpa<j>II'ICCKHC TO'lKH POCCIII!: CCBcpHaH
oCTpoBHaH - 3TO MLIC <I>nllrenH (81'50' c. lU.I lIa OCTpOBC
PYAonb!j>a, OTHOCHlllcroCH K apxllncnary 3cMnH <I>paHl.la-
HoclI$lla; cCBcpllaH lIa MaTcpHKC - MbiC 4CnIOCKHII
(77'43' C. w.), Ha nonyocTponc Tal!Mblp; caMaH IOJKllaJI
rO'IKa-ropoA Ea3apA/031O(41'II' c. w.), pacnOJlOJKCHHbll!Ha
TCppUTOpll1l LlarccraHa; Kpallmm 3ana.aHaH rcorpa<j>H'ICCKaH
TO'lKa - lIa ncc'IaHoi1 KOCC r.u.allbcKoro 3aJ111Ba EaJlTHI!CKOro
MOpS! (6J1H3 KaJll!lIItHrpa.aa, 19'38' o. .1(.). HaKOHCl.l. KpaHHHIl
OOCTO'lHaH TO'IKa MaTCpllKooali - MblCLlcJKIICDa, (69'40' 3. A.,
OCTpoollali - oCTpOO PantallOlia (169'40' 3. A.) 0 ECpHllroOOM
nponll8C.
5. TllxooKcallcK>l1! <j>noT IIOCHT 11MH aJ].MI1pana C. MaKa-
pooa (1848-1904). MCCTOM cro 3axopOHCHHH HBIl!I/OTCH npo-
CTOpbl )!(cnTOro MOpH.
6. reorpa<j>H'lcCKlllll.lCHYp CHr - 3T0 noccnOK TOKMa
HpKYTCKOfi 06naCTII. UCIITp POCCIIII -IICMIIOro IOro-OOCTo'l-
IICC 03cpa BIIDlI3BCHKIIi\CKOro aDTOIiOMllorooKpyra; A31111-
roPOJ\ KbI3Lln.
7. B COCTaO POCCIIIICKOi1 <I>cACpal.lHlI OXQJJ.IIT 49 o6nac-
TCII, 21 pccny6n>lKa, 10 aBTOIlOMllblX OKpyroo, 6 Kpaco,
2 ropo.na I1CHTpanblloro nOJl'IIIHCHIIS! H I a01'OIlOMllaH 06-
naCTb. HTOro - 89 Cy6'bCKTOO.
8. CaMaH 60nbwaH pccny6nuKa POCCHi\CKOI! <I>cAcpa-
111111 - Caxa (51KyY>IH), a caMaH MaJlCUbKaS! - A.D.blreH.
9. CaMbiM MHOroH3b1'IHbiM S!OJlHCTCH CCBcpo-KaoKa3-
CKllll pel 11011.
10. CaMOC BOCTO'IHOC Haropw - 4YKOTCKOC.
II. B MOpHX CcocpHoro JIC1J.OOIIToro OKcalla. CaMbl1!
60nbwOll 113 pOCC>li1CKIIX OCYpOOOO - CaXaJlllH.
9. fOJlOBOJIOMKa «ApH4JMCTHK8 H J'opOJIa POCCHH>
I. HpKY1'CK. 2. KOCTpoMa. 3. 51 KyrCK. 4. Bonrorpa.a.
5. KOTnac. 6. BmuUfBOCToK. 7. bapllaYJl. 8. HooropoJ\. 9. Kpac-
1I01J.ap. 10. EopHcomc6cK.
171

......,......
10. KpHDTOrpaMMa «Mblcnb 0 60J"aTCTIlC pOJJ.lloii 3CMJlH"
KnIO'ICObiC CJ1ooa: a) 51KYTcK, 6) KJ.I3b1n, B) Mara.u,all.
r) Mapxa,JJ.) OJlCneK, JK) KaM'laTKa, 3) UHa, II) lOr, K) 6aHKan.
JI) 06b, M) nOKPOOCK, II) BIIJlIOI!.
3aMCIIIID1.l1I<!>Pbl OCCTKC KplinTorpaMMbl6YKBaII, 'IItTa-
CM: «...Te 3CMnllit nlOJ\lIbl, II XJ1C6HbI, II C060nllHbl, II BCHKOro
3BCpbH IIIOro, a TC pCK>I PbI6HbI, II rocy.napCOblM paTHblM B
TOH 3CMJlIIUC XJ1C6HOI! CKY.!lHOCTIi Hli 0 'ICM HC 6Y.!lCT».
BaCllnllH nOHpKOO, BC./IIIKIII! IICCnC.!lOBaTCnb n plla.MYPM!
H Llanbllcro BOCTOKa.
11. BHKTOpHlla «YPaJIbCKHC CaMOlJ,BeTb...
I. CTpOKII npIlHa,n,nCJKaT nOj'ry A. T. ToaP.!lODCKOMY.
2.::troT KaMCHb lIa3bloaCTCH aMCTIiCT. «TcwUIJI rpallM-
3TO OC06bll! cnoc06 b6pa6oTKII CaMOl.lDCrn, Kor.na KaJK.ll.311
11.!IY1l!IIJl 113 l.lCHTPa KaMIIH rpallb IIrpaCT n)"lIiKaMIi.
3. B 1937 ro.llY CBep.!lJlOBCKIiC Ka\lHcpe3bl c06paJIJI KapTY
113caMOllBCTOo II OHa 3KCnOllllpOBaJlaCb Ha BblCTaOKC 0 napllJKc.
Cel!'Iac Olla Xpallll1'CSI B 3pMIITroKC.
4. MIIHcpan POJ\OHIIT.
5. 31'0 f1)allaT. nOOCCTb A. 11. Kynpllila "rpaHaTooblii
6paCJ1CT".
6. TaKol! TOna3 nonY'lalOT nyTCM 3anCKaHIIH .!lblM'laTOrO
roplloro XPYCTaJ1H B TCCTO. Ero UOCT - AblM'IaTbll!.
7. MlfHCpaJ! anCKCallJlplIT.
8. JIaCTO'IKHH XDOCT, pbl611H rnaJ, KOWa'lIIl! rna3, TIlrpO-
Oblll rna3, OOP06bCDlIT II T. .!l.
9. AKoaMapl1H - UBCTa MOpCKOI! BonHbI, py611H - KpaC-
IIbII!, a3YPIIT - rony60l!, na3YPIIT - CIIHIII!, onCBHlI -
3CJ1CHbll!, xpll30nllT - 3OJ1OT>lCTbIH.
10. MllaccKIIT, IIJIbMCllltT, TamnllT, pCB.!lIlHCKIIT, CblCCp-
CKIIT, TYPbIlT, ypanllT, HCBbHHCKIIT, KpOKOIIT ('fCCTb cro
OTKpblTHSI npIlHa,wJCJKIIT M. B. JIOMOHOCOOY), 6CPC3I1T, J111-
CTDCIIIIT, HaMIlT.
12. BOJlbWoii poCCHiiCKHI! 6nHU
I. A30BCKOC. 2. MpTbiW. 3. TYHryCCKIII!. 4. Mo,:m MOCK-
BIIT>lH. 5. flowKap-Ona. 6. MPThIW. 7. KYPcKaH MarH>lTHaJI
aHOManIlSi. 8. HKYTCK. 9. [opa HapO.!lHaJI. 10. rp>lrOpliH
Wcncxoo. II. KnlO'lcDCKaH conKa. 12. HCBCJ1bCKOH. 13. Tyoa,
11,111 TbiBa. 14. Mopc JIamcBblX. 15. Ocrpoo Caxanlill.
I
178
I
I
I
\

16. M. B. JIOMOHOCOO. 17. MbiC JIonaTKa. 18. IOropCKHI!
llIap. 19. CCJlCHra. 20. OKOJIO 17075000 KM. 21. OKOJlO
149 MJlH. 'ICJlOBCK. 22. ropa 3J1b6pyc Ha KaBKa3c. 23. ropa
bCJlyxa Ha AilTac. 24. JICAHHK borAaHOOII'13, JlCAHHK Ee3CllrII.
25. 4CPHOMOPCKOC n06CpCJKbC KaOKa3a. 26. KOTJlOBIIHbl
RKYTIIII. 27. 45%. 28. Ha KaBKa3C. 29. JIcHa (4400 KM).
30. WCCTb (EHHCcl!, JIcHa, 06b, Bom-a, OJlCHeK, KonblIa).
13. cI>HnBoPA .,nyreweCTBHe no POCCHH» .
.
.
10
o .
1( 1 0
o H
. .
. q
14. 'ITO 3p;eCb lIanllcallo?
411T3cM 3Hr3aro06pa3110, OT 6YKObl nCpBOj CTpO'IKH
K 6YKDC BTOpOI! CTpO'lKIi II T. A. B 3aJ!a'IC 33Wlt<!>pooalla
cTpoKa nCCHH WllpoKa cTpalla MOS! pOAHaJL.
IS.Pe6yc-nocnoBHlla
PaCWII(!JpOlJaB pc6yc, 'IifTaCM PYCCK}'KJ HapQ!lHYIO no-
CJlOBlIl.lY: "MaTYwKa MocKoa 6CJlOKaMCHnaH, 3J1aTOrJIaoaS!,
XJlC60ConbHaS!, npaoocJlaonaS!, CJlOBOOXOTJlIIBaS!.
16. fonoaonoMKa .nJlTb reorpat!JH'IeCKHX lIa3BHIIH"»
B CCTKC roJlOOOJlOMKl1 BbUlCJlCHbl Ha30anl'll! ropc.aoo
H TPII reOMCTpH'lCCKHC <!>lIryPbl - poM6bl.
179


17. reorpa<j>H'lCCKaH roJlOBOJIOMKa PeKH»
BHTKa, Bara, 'IIIP, 'IYJJblM, MaH, ):lccHa, T06oJl, BOJlra.
18. Pe6yCN .MocKBa-neTcp6ypn -
a) n"TCp - KOpMIIJlO, MocKoa  KOpM; nllTCp - fOJJOaa,
MocKBa - CCPJ].UC.
6)MocKoa C03.Qaua BCKa_m, nllTCp - MIIJlJI>lOIl3\1I1.
19. rOJlOBOJlOMKa reorpa<j>H'ICCKHe nOJlOCKH».
nOMClIJ1B MCCTaMU nOJIOCKH, 'IIITaCM no BcpnlKaJJU:
K n n K K
Y C E A bI
P K H H 3
C 0 3 C bI
K B A K n
20. I1rpa-Yr3Jl.allKa C pc6ycaMH CaMoc-caMoc...»
L K.r1IO'lcOCKalt COUK3, nOJlyoclPOB Ka\l'I3TKa. 2. Ecpllu-
rooo. 3. EaHKaJJ. 4. CaXaJlHII. 5. 06b C HpTbIWO\1. 6. Emlccl!.
21. reorpa4m'leCKali 22. Co6epH KBa,u,paT
fOJlOBOJlOMKa


p
W
A
A
A
23. Coo6pa3H!
24. TalluCTBcUUbl" IUHT
H H
E 0
A M r
CPO
180

25. rophl POCCHH
1. CTaHoBoft xpe6eT. 2. YpanbcKHe ropbr.3. BepxolIHc-
KIIH (XpC6CT). 4. fopbl Bb!ppbIHra. 5. Cllxon-AnIlHb. 6. 'ly-
KOTCKOC (Haropbc).
26. CJlOBOKaT "B CH6HPH"
I KI13Hp. 2. Ka3b!p. 3. Kb13b1Jl. 4. 'lapblw. S. ACIIIIO.
6. TynYH. 7. 'lynbIM. 8. qyMblW. 9. Kblpell. 10. TypaH'-
27. AMepHKallCKI1H KpOCCBOPA ..reorpa4JII'ICCKHe IIa3BaHHII..
28. rOJlOBOJlOMKa ..fCOrpa4JH'ICCKaH 'ICXapA3..
OMCK, OpCK, Y<lJa, YXTa, MaraAall, CMoncllcK, Bop.
29. KpOCCBOPA ..nyrcrncCTBHc no KOpTC POCCMH..
no lopu30llmanu: S. Kyuwa. 6. ApryT. 9. To6oJl.
11. TI1XBIIH. 12. CyxoHa. 15. Opcn. 17. MaraAaH. 18. AMra.
19. AHa6ap. 20. Bai'KaJI. 24. OpCK. 25. CapaTOO. 26. AMYP.
29. BOJlXOB. 30. TaJlHax. 31. Tcpca. 33. MaHMa. 34. MypOM.
no 8epmuKanu: 1. nyIllKHH. 2. YBaT. 3. YPaJI. 4. Cypl)lT.
7. A6aKali. 8. KHMpbl. 10. Oucra. 13. CaJlaBaT. 14. BanaIllOB.
16. JlCHCK. 18. A6a33. 21. EpIllOB. 22. CaMapa. 23. TypaH.
i 27. KOTnac: 28. TaM60B. 31. TOMb. 32. Aryn.
181

30. TOJlOBoJlOMKa .,OTblwu!"
I.IOT - pCKa BO BnMIIlI1pCKol! II KIlPOBCKOI! 06,1aCT$1x.
2. 60P - ropoA B HI1JKcrOpOJJ.CKol! 06nacTII.
3. HOTA - pCKa B MYPMaHcKoH 06.nacTII.
4. 311MA - ropoA B C11611pl1.
5. OJIEH[K - peKa B C1I611plI.
6. I1rPA - ropO.Q B YD.MYPTIII1.
7. DyrNIEB - ropO.Q B CapaToDcKol! oGnaCTI1
8. BOPOHA - npl1TOK pCKI1 Xoncp.
9. COK - npllTOK Bonm.
10. OCA - ropO.Q B nCpMCKOfi oGnaCTII.
II. KAJ1NI - ropO.Q D BOPOHCJKCKOH 06nacfII.
12. OJIbrA - ropOD. Ha .!J.MbHCM BOCTOKC.
13. COKOJI - ropo.Q Ifa pCKC CYXOHa.
\

IX.
KPyrOCBETHOE
nYTEIDECTBHE
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: CpOH 113BCCTHOrO pOMaHa )KIQJI$1 BCpH3
, COOCPWIIJlII KpyroCBCTHOC nyrCWCCTBHC 3a
80 D.HCH. MCHSm -rpaHcnopTHblC CpCllCTBa II
npco.n;OJlcB3H pa3J1I1'lHbIC TPYl{HOCTH. MbI )l(C npeJl.l!araCM
BaM npofiTII no 3TOMY Mapwpyry, HC BblXOJU! H3 }'lOTHofi
KO\1HaTbl. OpaDJJ;a, rom 3Toro «nOXOD.a" HaM nOIl31106l1TCH
KOe-'ITO 113 «CHapmKCHIf$1'>: KapaHJJ;aW, pC3I1HKa. JlHCT
'lIlCTofi 6yMarll, reorpacPlI'lCCKlifi aTJlac II, MO)l(eT 6bITb,
3I1UIIKJlOneJlII'lCCKlIH CJlOBapb. OpHrOTOBWlIICb? Toma-
B nyrb!
HaM npcl{CTOHT n06bIDaTb B AcPPIlKC, CCBCPHOfi Ii
IO)I(Hofi AMcplIKax, ABCTpaJIll1f H OKcaHHII, npeOD.OJlCTb
CHC)I(HblC npoCTopbl ApKTIfKll H AHTapKTIIKlI, nepCCC'lb
6ccKpafiHHc npoCTopbl EBpa3HH. B D.opore MOryr no-
BCTpC'laTbCH II npcmITCTBIIH. KOroPblc npHLICTC$1 npcol{o-
JlCBaTb cWlofi C06CTBcHHOro Bo6p3)KeHWI II YMa. CaMoc
I'JlaBHOC - HC )'HbIDaTb H HC DcwaTb HOca.
1. itTaulta_ mpex OKealtOB
Bec Bioi npCKpaCHO 3HaCTC, '!TO Ha 3cMJlC Cyu.(CCTB}'lOT
'lCThlpC OrpOMHblX BOl{HbIX npOCTpaHCTDa, IIa3blBaCMblX
OKHaMIf: ATJlaHTII'lCCKllfi, HtUl.HficlQffi, CeBcpHblfi Rc-
.n;OBlITblfi H Tllxllfi. OHII o6pa3YlOT MHO)l(eCTBO Mopefi,
KOTOpblC OMblBalOT pa3JIII'llfblC MarepllKll. .l{aBaHTC BMCC-
TC BcnOMHHM Ha3BaHIIH HCKOTOpblX Mopcfi, nplllf3.!VlC)I(I\-
183
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ll.lI1X TOMY IIJlM IIHO'vlY oKcally. Bawa 3aIIa'la llODOJlbHO
npOCTa: tI}')KHO 3anOJlHIITb nYCT)'IOll.llle KJleTO'JKII ropll-
30HTaJlel! «IIMeHaMIf,) MOpCKIIX aKDaTOplllJ, HCnOJlb3y$1
6}'KDbl, BlIccetlHblC B DCpT!IK3JJbllbllt pM.
A MOPE I
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184

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2. OnpeiJe./tu Mapw.pym
Kopa6J1b, OCTaHOBIIDWllficSi Y 6cpcroD ocrpODa OCTC
.!lJUi nononllClIlISI JanaCOB npcclloi1 DOllbl, HCO:>KlfllaHHO
non}"ll1n pa)J.lIorpaMMY. Ho yCJlOBIISI npoXO:>Kl\CIlIISI pa-
1I110DonH OKa3aJlllCb Kpafillc IIc6naronpmlTlIblMII, n03TO-
MY paJlI1CT lie CMor npllHJlTb C006lliCHlfSi 6C3 nOMCX.
HCKOTOPblC <lJparMcHTbI ncpClIa'1If np03BY'laJJlI B006ll.lC
COBCpWCHHO HC SlCHO. Bawa 3a.a3'1a - BOCCTaIlOBHTb TCKCT
pa.allorpaMMbI If onpClICJIIITb, no KaKOMY OKcaHY 1I0J]:>KCH
npOnO:>KHTb KYpC WTYpMaH CylIH3.
npeAl1araeM BaM BblliiTI1 B Mope 4epe3
npOl1l1B _..1._.1.1.___1_._1._1, 3aTeM, ABI1-
raCb BAOl1b 6eperOBolii 1111HI111 K):>KHolii
AMepl1KI1, OKa3aTbC Ha npOCTopax OKeaHa;
4epe3 1-..1.-1-1.. .1-.-1..1 .ml 1.--.1.- ./m I
.-../../.--1 BoliiTI1 B I-./m/.-.I.--I.I...-I...I
_._1___1.1 Mope, nOTOM 4epe3 /.-.I-I-....I
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HO
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(. nCpBOOTKpblBaTCnb IO:>KHoro nOJlloca.
2. ECTb JIll pCKII D AHTapKTIIlIc?
3. CafaSl !O:>KHaSl TO'lKa AHTapKTlIllbL
4. CaMaSi HII3KaSi TCMnCpaTYpa, OTMC4CllllaSi lIa TCp-
pliTOpll1l AIiTapKTHJlbl.
5. «I1MH') HCJlCTa!OlliCii amapKTlI'lCcKoft mllbl.
6. OCIiODIIOI! DlIJi Tpallcnopm PyaJJSl AMYHllccHa.
7. 3KcnclllluIISl K3Koro IIccnCl{ODaTCnSl norn6na BO
BpCMSl OTKpblTllSi 1O:>Klloro nOJllOca?
185
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8. Ha3BaHlfC lI3BCCTHdhncro nyJlKaHa B AHTapKTlmc.
9. PacTcT JIM -rpana B AHTapKTII.lIC?
10. BlI.lIbl TpaHCnOpTa, KOTOpblA IICnOJlb30BaJla 3KC-
nCl{Hl.lIfSl Po6cprn CKOrra
4. reozpat/Ju.teClwR uzpa Om K 00 ,,
ncpeJ1 BaMII pIlCyHOK, CBOIIMIf O'lepT'dHlISlMII Hano-
MIIHaJOll(lIA KpblJlbLlO. Barna 3a.n;a'la - nOD.HSlTbCSl WIll
cnYC'I1fTbCSl c 3TOro «COOPY)I(CHIfSl, BmfCblBa!l B nyCTloIc
KJlCTKII pa3J1I1'lHblC rcorpacPlI'lCCKIIC "a3BaH IISl, KOTOplolC
06!l3aTCJlbH0J10JDKHbl Ha'lIlHaTbCSl If JaKaH'lIlBaTbCSl6y:KBofi
«K. B 3TOM BaM nOMOiyT nOSlCIICHlISl, .aallllblC K KIDI<L\oA
«C1YneHbKc lIarnero '<KpbUIC'lKa",
I. AHrJllfficKIIA MOpCnJlaBaTCJlb, PYKOBOJ1IITeJlb TpCX
KpyrocBcTHblX 3KCneJllil.lIlA.
2. [opoD.-noPT B I1pJlaHlUfII.
3. [oPOD., pacnOJlO)KCIIHblA Ha peKC Cei1M.
4. PCKa B I..{CHTpaJIbHOA 'laCTII AnSlCKII.
186

5. ropol{ B MypMaHcKoA 06naCTH.
6. fOPOA B MOCKOBCKOA 06naCTII.
7. fopol{ B KCMCPOBCKOA o6nBCTH.
8. [opol{ B .[{OHCUKOH 06naCTH.
9. nOpT B KpaCHOBOl!CKOM 3aJJIIBC KacnllHcKoro
MOpSl.
10. [oP0l! B flCHIIHrpMCKOA 06nacrn, pacnOnO:>KCH-
HbJH Ha peKC BYOKca.
11. [oPOl{ B CBCp.u.nOBCKOfi o6naCTII.
12. [oP0l{ B KaJllfHlIllrpa.l\CKOA o6naCTII.
5. BUI,mopuna ABCmpaAUIl9
I. KaK Bioi CtlllTacre, 'ffO 03Ha'IaCT cnOBO «austral» B
nCpCDOl!C C naTlUlcKoro?
2. Bcno:'IHllre KOIITYPbl KapTbl ABC'TpaJIlfllll Ha30BJITC
KpafiJllfC rcorpacPlI'lCCKHC TO'fKII MaTcpllKa (CCBCPHYJO,
JO:>KHYJO, JanMHYJO If BOCTO'fHYJO).
3. Ha30BlfTe caMbIA 60RbWOH B MlfpC KOpaJInOBblfi
plfcP. npornllynwlIMcSl B.l\OJlb CCBCpO-BOCTO'fllOro n06c-
pC:>KbSl ABCTjJaJllIlI.
4. KTO SlDJIHCTCSl ncpBooTKpblBarencM OCTjJOBa TacMa-
HIISl (1642 r.)?
5. KaKoA aHfJlnl1CKlfl1l>fOpCnnaBaTcnb OKOH'faTCnbHO
.nOKa3aJ1, 'fTO ADC'TpaJIIISl SlDMlCTCSl caMOCTOSlTCnbHblM
MaTcpllKoM?
6. BcnOMlfllTC lIa3BaHIfSlllc60nblllHx rop Ha 8OCTOKe
MareplfKa.
7. B UCHTPc ABC'TpaJIlIlI pacnonaraCTCSl60JlblllaSl H1f3-
MCHHOCTb. KaK OHa lIa3blBaCTcSl?
8. KaKOC aTMOCcPCpHOC l{3BJ1CHIIC SlBJlSlCTCSl npenaJlli-
PYJOlliliM B ABCTjJaJllIlI?
9. OC'TpOB TaCMaHIISl 'faCTO nOl!BCpra:CTCSl «aTaKaM»...
BeTpa. KaKJfC :>KC DeTpbl npco6nM3IOT Ha cro TCppllTOpIIH?
10. Ha30BlITC caMYIO BbiCOKYIO ncpllllfHY ABC'TpaJIHH.
11. Y CCBCpHbIX 6cpcroB ABC'TpaJIlfll pacnOJlO:>KCH
DTOpol1 no BCJlII'IIIHC OCTPOB Mlipa. Ero «lIMSl'>?
187
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12. Ha TCppl1TOpllll ADCTpaJJII11 CCTb PCKlI, KOTOpblC
BCJ\yr ce6S! D.OBOJlbIiO cTpaHHo: BpCMS! OT BpeMClI1I Olill
ncpccblxalOT, a nOTOM DHODb !1X PYCJ!a lIanOJlHS!JOTCS!
DO.l\oj:L KaKoBo IIX 06lliCC - pacnpoCTpaHcHHoc lIa MaTC-
pllKe - Ha3Baulfc?
13. Ha30BIITC caMYIO 60JlblIIYIO PCKY ADCTpaJllUI
H. caMblj:i KpynHblM CC npIlTOK.
14. BcnOMlllITC Ha3IJalillC KpynllcMwcro aBCTpaJJlli-ic-
Koro 03cpa.
15. KaKllc cTPaHbI pacnOJlaralOTcS! lIa TCppllTOpHII
MaTcpllKa?
16. TCppI1TOpllS! AocTPaJllI1I IIMCCT 60JlbWIIC npo-
CTpaUCTBa, JapoCWIIC CyXIIMII "'YCTapHIIKaMII (B OCHOD-
110M 111I3KOpO<:JlblMII KOJlJO'IIIMII aKal(HS!MH). KaK 01111
Ha3bIBaIOTCS!?
17. ADCTpaJIlIS! MOJKCT (<IIOXDaCTaTbCS!') HCKOTOpblMIf
ml)\a1II npllMIITIIBHblX MJlCKOnllTaJOllillX JKIIBOTHblX, TaK
KaK 01111 0611TalOT TOJlbKO Ha cc TCppI1TOpllll. KaK Olill
lIa3b1BalQTcS!?
18. KaK BCJlII'IaIOT CIIMllaTH'lIIoro alJCTPaJJlli-icKoro
MC.l\Bc,Il,Sl, >f(lIoYllicro lIa .l\cpcnbS!x?
19. KaKoc JKIlBOTIiOe 113 nopO)].bl CYM'laTbix OC06CHHO
pacnpoCTpallCIfO Ha TCppl1TOpl1ll MaTcpllKa?
20. BCnOMllI1TC Ha3BallliC CTOJlIIUbi ABcTPaJmflcKoro
COI03a.
21. KaKoBa '1IIcnCHHOCTb lIacenCIIIIS! AOCTPaJII1II?
6. lfaufl60piJ "reozpatjJulI flU Hi>
OC06CIIIIOCTbJO :noro '1ai:iIlBOpD.a SlDRSlCTCS! TO, '1TO
BCC CRona, nXOllilllillC B HCro, Ha'lIIlIalOTCS! II 3aKall'lIlBa-
JOTCSl lIa 6YKny «H".
L [opOD.-nopT n KH!lP. pacnOJlOJKClillblM lIa 6epcry
$IlIOIiCKOro MOpS!. 2. rOpOD. Ha 3anan:c Y36cKIICTalla,
06J1aCTHoft I(CHTp. 3. ropoD.-nopT KIlTail, paclloJlara-
IOlliIlHCS! 0 HII30BbS!X pCKIl $I HU3bl. 4. rOpHaSl CIICTCMa Ha
1BB

IQrD-BOCTOKC KHTaSi. 5. rOpOl1 B IO:>KHOM KIITac na pCKC
1Ol\3SlH. 6. nOpT KI1TIUl B YCTbC pCKli $IHl\3bl. 7. KIITaiic-
KII" ropol1, MMIIHIICTpaTIIBHbll1UClI"rp npOBIIHl\1111 U3SlH-
CII. 8. nOpT KHTaH !fa peKe U3HHMI1Hl\3HH. 9. PCKa D
CpCAHCfi A31111. 10. ropol1 B 1.JcpHifrOBCKOI1 o6J1aCTJ-I,
pacnOJlO)KCHHblii Ha pCKC OCTCp. II. PCKa B KaHa.ac.
12. rOpOl1 D KanllHIIHrpMCKol! o6J1acTH. 13. npODIIIIl\IISI
Ha 3anan.c ApreHTIIHbL 14. MblC Ha ceBcpe Hopoerllu.
I
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189

7. C[auH6opd ABCmpa.llUR"
1. ropa Ha 3ana.n:c ABCTPaJllI1I BblCOTOfi 1235 MCTpOB
H3,IJ. YPOBHCM MOpS!. 2. KpYTIHbin 3KOHOMII'lCCKlln ucmp
ADCTpaJIlIlI. 3. Kpai1HfISl CCBcpHaS! TO'lKa ABCTpanIlH.
4. CTOJlIIUa ADCTpaJIlllf. 5. [opol{-nopT lIa lOre ABCTpaJIlIlI.
6. nOJlYOCTPOB Ha ceBCpc ADCTpaJIlllf. 7. [opol1-nOpT Jla
ceBCpe ABCTPanlllf. 8. nOpT, pacnOJlO)l(eHlJbl11 Ha 6cpcry
TaCMaliOBa MOpS!. 9. Hc60Jlbwofi ropOl{ Ha IOro-3ana.n:c
ADCTPaJIlflf.
8. BUI,mopUHa-6.11uu, .,103fCHaR AMepUI,a.
I. CaMblM WIlPOKIIM npoJllfB B MlfpC, pacnOJlO)l(CllllbJM
y 6cpcroB AMCpIIKII.
2. TCIDIoc Te'lCHne Y 6cpcroB 1O)I(IIon AMCPI1KII.
3. nYCTbIllS! Ha TCpplfTOpll1l IO)I(HOfi AMeplII<l1.
4. nCpcBOl1 CJlOBa (<AtUl.bl.
190
.

5. CaMIIJI OnaCHIIJI pbJ6a B BO.nax AMa30HKlI.
6. CTOJlllLla AprellTlIHbJ.
7. HMH Jlyqlllcro <l>yr6OJlllCTa Epa3lUllili.
8. r.nc «PO.nHJICH» TaHCLl «TaHro»?
9. 06HTalOT JIll ClJJaYCbJ B lO)l(Hoit AMCpllKC?
10. Ha3BaHlic .nCHcr, KOTOpblMli nOJlb3YIOTCH 6pa-
3HJ1bLlbl.
II. KaKoit OKcaH OKa3bIBaCT Hall60JlblllCC BJllIHHlIC Ha
KJllIMaT IO)I(IIoi! AMCpllKlI?
12. JIlICTbH paCTCHlIH, KOTOpbJC )l(yJOT lIHJ(citUbJ DMC-
CTO «J].lIpoJla..
13. KaHaJI Ha CCDCpe lO)l(Hoit AMCpllKli.
14. HaJBaIJlIC HOBOit CTOJllILlbl Epa3HJ1l1l1.
15. XOJlO.nflOC TC'ICHliC y 6cpcroB (0)l(IIoit A.,'1CpHKH.
16. CaMblit KpymfbJit y.naB Ha TCppllTOplili 1O)I(lIoi!
AMCpllKli.
17. Po.nllHa TaHua (<JlaM63.lla».
18. CaMblit DblCOKlIii Do.nona.a lJa TCppUToplili 10)1(-
Hoii AMCpllKli.
19. ITTllua, nllll.{a KOTOpoi! - HCl<Tap.
20. H3DCCTHbIH aprcHTlIHcKlIii <l>yr60JlllCT.
21. XlIll(HliK a\la30HCKliX JleeOB.
22. OKcaH, OKa3b1BalOll(HH lIaliMCHblllCC BJlIIHHUC Ha
KJllIjaT IO)I(IIOit A.,\ICPllKli.
23. OrpOMHblC K)'DllIlIHKlI B BO.nax AMa30HKlI.
24. HCJlCTaIOll(1IJI ITrI1Lla lO)l(Hoit AMCpliKII.
25. ITcpCDO.n CJlOBa «Kc6pa'10».
9. .nUpamcKoe. nUCbMO
HrpaH Ha pa3BaJ1l1HaX craporo .nOMa, pe6HTa cJlyqait-
IJO HallJJlll nOJlyYICTJlCBllIYIO KHlIry, lI3 KOTOpoii BbJnaJI
KaKoi!-To nO)l(CJITeBllIliit JlIICTOK, OKa3aBllIlIi!cH 06PbIB-
KOM nliCbMa. MaJlb'IlIKlI .noJlro JlOMaJllI rOJlODy, CTapllJlCb
pa306paTbCH B HamlcallHOM. B KOHUC KOHUOB OHli nOHH-
JIll, 'ITO :no, CKopCC Dcero, onlicaHliC MopcKoro nyn!
'Iepc3 6CCKpaiiHlIC npocropbJ HClI3BCCTIlorOOKcaHa K TO'lKC,
191

mc cnpmallbl IICCMCTHblC COKpOBlIll{a. ITpaoJ\a, Milornc
MCCTa nllCbMa BpeMR IIC nOll{3l(nJlo - 'ICpllIlJla 13bIU13Cml,
6YMara nOTCpJlaCb lIa crll6ax. TCKCT BblmRJ\CJI TaK:
..Cer:oAHfI Hawa wXYHa OT4aml1la OT 14
29191//5'68156311'1 HanpaSl'1l1aCb B 2
61810154163//17181613103. Haw
nYTb l1e>KI'1T 'Jepe3 17 18 16 13 10 3 29//24
2141 1821//,121618611 19121011//,
20 1 11 3 1 15 30 19 12 10 11//, 12 1 18 10
14 1 20 1 1'1 14 1 12 1 18 19 12 10 11. Mbl
AOll>KHbl Ha6paTbcfI Cl'1l1l1\ TepneHI'1f1, 'JTo6b1
nepece4b npoCTopbl OKeaHa 1'1 SOC1TI'1 B 14 1
46 13131 15 163//17 18 16 13 103/1,
KOHe'JHoC1 l\el1l'1 Hawero nl1aBaHI'1f1. Hac
>KAYT... 60raTcTBa...
HTaK, Ballla 33l(a'13 - pacllllI<!JpoBaTb :JTO TaIlHCTBCH-
HOC nllCbMO n onpcllCIUITb, 0 KdKOM OKcallC IIllCT pC'!b.
A nOMO>KCT 13aM 13 ::ITOM 06bIKilO13CIIHbIH PyccKnH aJI<!JaBnT.
KaK? ITollYMMiTC! Bcc IIC TaK Y>K II CJ\O>KIIO, eCIIH IICMIIOro
nOllYMaTb.-
10. lfauHBopiJ "IO:J/CHa1! AMepuKa»
I. PCKa C caMblM 60JlblllllM CTO'IHbIM 6accctiHoM,
npOTcKalOll{aR no TCppllTOpl111 1O>Klloti AMCpIlKII. 2. fo-
CYllapCTBO lIa IOro-130CTOKC 1O>K1l011 AMCpHKII. 3. CTOJlII-
ua ITapamaR. 4. 01l11H 113 ropOlioB KOJlYM61111, pacnoJlo-
>KCHHbll1 13 BepxoobRX pCKII MarllaJICHa. 5. CCJlCHnC Ha
peKe AparyaH, HCCYllieti CBOH BOllbl no TcppnTopll1l
Epa311.IIII. 6. fopoll-nopT Ha CCl3Cpo-BOCTOKC Epa311J11111.
7. CTOJllIua ITcpy. 8. OllllH 113 ropOllOB ITcPY. 9. fOPOll-
nopT B hjJIlI. 10. llIraT Ha CCBCpC BCIICCy:lJlbJ.
II. HaH60Jlcc Bb[COKaH Bcpllllllla AHJI, II Bceti IO>KHOI1
AMCPI1KII. 12. ITYCTblHSJ, paCnOJIO>KClillaSJ lIa CCBCpC
I"hIJlH. 13. fOpOllll MOpCKOti nopT '-111m\. 14. BbICO'13H-
wnn 130110naJ\ 13 MllpC.
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KJJCTOtJKlI IJnllCaTb Ha3lJallllH CTOJlIIl\ HII>KC ncpCtJIICJICH-
HblX rocy):\apCTl3.
1. CIlIA. 2. KCHIIH. 3. IlaKIICTaH. 4. CllpllH. 5. YraHlla.
6. AIDKJip. 7. I1Tal1I1H. 8. I1cnaHIIH. 9. T3)J.>KlIKIICTaH.
10. ApMCtlIIH. 11. Kl1np. 12. KOT-ll'l1lJyap. 13. KaHN\a.
14. TYPl\IIH. 15. AHlloppa. 16. TYPK!vICHIICTaH (npC>KHCC
Ha3BaHllC CTOJIIIl\bl). 17. I1pJlalll1l1H. 18. MaopllTaHliSI.
19. rpY311J1.
194
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12. BUKmopuna-6/1ull "no cmpanaM
U KonmunenmaM»
I. Ha3BaHIIC .nCHC)I(HOii ClllIHIILlbl Jlhlllllll.
2. ABCTpaJIlll1cKllii cTpayc.
3. B03Aj'lllHaSl 060JlOlJKa 3cMJm.
4. ABTOM061U1bHbll1 lllTaT CllIA.
5. ElJ,lIlIlIua COJICHOCTII MOpCKOii BOlJ,bl.
6. CaMaH MHorOBO):\H3!I pCKa B MllpC.
7. KpynHCiilllllii roJIJlatUl.CKllii noPT.
8. ITonYJlSlpHaH MapKa BCHrepcKllx mIT06ycol3.
9. KOpCHlIblC )l(J1TCJlII AMCpllKll.
10. CYllOXOllHbl11 KaHaJI B A<PPllKC.
II. LlpCl3HCC Ha3BaHliC fpeUlIll.
12. «11MH» UCIlTpaJIblloroyroJlbHoro 6aCCCI1Ha EBponbi.
13. qllCJlCHHOCTb HaCCJlClHlH 3CMJlII.
14. JIC,1J}IHoii MaTcpllK.
15. ED.IIHllua 113'>1CpCHHH TCMncpa'l)'pbl.
16. POCT ropo.nCKoro HaCCJlCHIDI.
17. L{arn OTKpblTllH AMCpIlKH.
18. focYllapCTBo C TCOKpaTlIlJCCKOii MOHapxllcii.
19. CroJlllua 1O)I(IIoii KopclI.
20. OCHOBHOC OpY)I(HC aBCTpaJIlliicKIIX a60pllreHoB.
13. rO/lOBO/lOMKa "reozpat/JU'leCKaR
aput/JMemuKa
CnO)!()iB nOMCll{ClIllbIC HII)I(C CJlOl3a, Bioi 1l0Jl)!(Hb]
B CYMMC nOJl}"lllTb lIa3l3aHIDI CTOJlIIU HCKOTOpblX a311aTC-
KlIX rOCYl\apCTl3. B XO.n;C pClllCHIIH rOJlOl3OJIOMKII pa3pCllla-
CTCH ncpCCTaBJUITb 6YKBbi B npCllCJlaX OllHOro npllMcpa.
I. L{AMEA + JI11CA = ?
2. KAPTA + L{)J(A = ?
3.E + fOHKA + K = ?
4. EJI11 + n: = ?
5. L{ + MACKA = ?
7<
195
-----

6. YJIAH + TOPEA = ?
7. OH + XAt! = ?
8. EA:K + YJI = ?
9. XO.D. + A = ?
10. MAMA + H = ?
13. 3naKoMbmecb - wmambl CiliA
::no 3i!,[{aHHC IUJ,CHTlI'1lI0 npC!lbl!lyll{CMY. E!lllllCTI3CII-
HOC OTJlII'IIIC B TOM, 41'0 nOCJIC BbJnOOHCIIIISI !lCncnmli (no
TCM >KC npaBIIJlaM) B CYMMC BblllOJl>Kllbl nOJlY'!IITb Ha313a-
IIIIH nCKOTopblX WTa1'OI3 ClllA.
I. 3I1HA + HOPA - H := ?
2. BEHA +)],A = ?
3. fOPE + OH = ?
4. XAM + O.D.A = ?
5. AKP + CA3AH = ?
6. TOM + «HA-HA» = ?
15. KpOCCBOpa BOKPYZ CBema,)
Do roP"30HTaJI": 5. fOCYllapcTl30, pacnOJlO>KCHHOC Ha
CClJepo-BOCTOKC Apa13HHcKoro nOJlYOCTpoDa. 6. fOpOll Ha
CCBCpO-130CTOKe ClllA. 7. PeKa, npOTCKalOll{aH no Teppll-
TOpll1l .D.OHcLlKOH 06J1aCTII, npHToK pCKII KaJlbMIIYC.
8. J1306pa>KCIIIIC 3CMHOn nOBcpxH0C111. 10. CaMas! llJIIIH-
HaS! peKa <1>paHLlIIII. II. fOCYllapCTOO B IO>KHOti A31111,
pacnOJlOJ!<cHilOC B BOCT0411b1X fllMaJlaHx. 15. fopa Ha
JanaJIc CYllaHa. 16. fopHaS! I3CpWlllla, pacnOJlO>KCHHaH B
CCBCpo-BOCTO'lllOi! 'faCTII NDKllpa. 17. CromlLla <1>paH-
UlIli. 18. fOCYllapCTBO B 3anaJIHOH A!}JpIlKC.
Do BCPTHKaJlH: I. CTOJlIILla MapoKKo. 2. CaMOC rny-
60KOC 03CpO Ha 3CMJlC. 3. CroJlllua KaHaJIbi. 4. 51nollcKIII1
ropoll, paCnOJlO)KcHllbII1 Ha CCBcpO-3anaJIC OCTpOBa XOH-
CIO. 9. Ha3BalillC oCTj>oBa B rpynnc EOJlbWIIX AHTnJlbCKIIX
196
....

....
:=-"'" '"
___ . C;, :;:;
OCTpODOB. II. CTOIUU.la rCpMaHIIII. 12. CTOIUlUa Hllrcpa.
13. CTOJlUua CCHCraJIa. 14. rOpOll-IiOPT Ha lOre Vlcnallllll.
16. BUKmopuHa .BOKPYZ CBema,>
(u B wymKY, U Bcepbe3)
I. B KaKOM MCCTC Ha 3CMJlC B anpCJJC II Mac Mlioro
CIJC)I(IIX OIJOll{ci! II !}JPYKTOB?
2. KaK Bbl C'IIITaCTC, KaKaJI nlllClIlIua - HpOBaH IIJIII
0311MaH - 6YllCT llalJaTb 60Jlcc Bb]COKIIC yp0)l(all B C1I611pll?
3. A TCncpb oTra.n.ai1TC rcorpacpll'lCCKYIO 3ara.n.KY...
Korl1a H npl1Xo>K)' JlCTOM, lIa YJlIIl.lC CTaHOBIf"NH XOJIOllHO
197
...-...........

......,.....
II 1I0)!(JLJlIIBO. ECJlII )l(C H nOHBRHIOCb 311!>10H, CTaliOBIiTCH
TCnJlCC. KTO)l(C H?
4. CCH'IaC Mbl C BaMli OTnpaonHcMcH B cKa30'IHyIO
CTpaHY. J1.a, lIa, TaKaH CYll{CCTBYCT... B HalllCM C Ba1lI
Bo06p3)l(CHIIII.
OlIHIDK.l\bI npOIl30111CJI cnop MC.>KI1Y KaBKa30M H Boc-
TOlJHO-EBponci1cKoii paBHlllloH: OHli HliKaK HC MOrJIli
pCllllITb, !<TO 113 Hnx 60Jlcc MYlIPblH II OnbITHblit KaBKa3,
pacccplIlIBllllICb, 6poCIIJl: <,Bcc 3HaIOT, 'ITO npO)l(lITbIC
rO,l:\bl 060pa'IIIBaIOTCH onblTOM II MYllPOCTblO! A MOH r01lo-
B3 y6CJlCHa CClIliHaMII... 06paTIITc BHlIMaHlIC, 'ITO II JlIO,I:\II
BCRlI'IaIOT MCHH <'CClIOH ilC3bJ6J1CMbJH KaBKaJ'>! A TbJ... Tbl
BCH B KYllPHlllK3X 3CJlCHII II HCCCpbe3HbiX l\BCTO'IK3X.
Cnopb HC cnopb, H BCC-TaKli cTaplllc II MYlIpcC Tc6H!'>.
CornaclITccb JIll BbJ C 1I0BOlIaMII KaBK33a?
5. T1pCl1CTaBbTC cc6c, 'ITO Bbl KaKIIM-TO 06pa30M
OKa3aJ1HCb B nYCTblllc lIa CUiC II norepHJlII KOMnac. Kpy-
rOM - OJUII! nCCKII. K3K )l(C B3M Bbl6paTbCH K cencHIlIO?
113BCCTHO OlIHO - 31ICCb npe06J13J\3IOT BCTpbl, J:lYIOll{IIC C
IOra. T1paBl1a, CCH'IaC HII llYHOBCHIIH. CM())I(rn JIll BbJ
COpHCIITllpOB3TbCSI II HaHTII BCpHoe H3npaBJICHIIC7
6. MbJ C B3MII npllBbJKJJII, 'ITO 1I0b - ::ITO BccrlIa
MHoro BOlIbJ, JlblOll{CHCH C Hc6a. A DOT CYll{CCTBYCT JIll
«CYXOHlIOb»? ECJlII TaKOBOH CCTb, TO B KaKIIX MCCTax
3CMJlII OH lIa6J1lOlIacTcH?
7. HaBCpHoc, BCC CJlbllllaJIlI Bblp3)l(CHIIC <'KPbIllla
mpa". KCTaTII, rlIc OHa lIaxo,l:\lITCH?
8. MO)l(CTC JlIIBbI CKa3aTb C nOJlHOH }'I3CpCHHOCTblO,
HO Ha 3CMHOM lllapc CCTb CTpaHbl, mc IICT IIn OlIIIoro
CCJlbCKOrO )l(JiTCJlH?
9. K3KaH 3CMJlH HIiKorlIa HC cTapIITCH?
10. MO)l(CT JIll 'ICpC3 oopOTa nponTl! OrpOMHblH JlC,I:\O-
K01I?
II. T10lIYMaHTe II CKa)!(JiTC, K3KJ.1M nOHCOM IICB03MO)l(-
!O nOlInoHcaTbCH?
12. 3a\lCHIIB Ol1HY r;IaCHyIO B Ha3Ballllll !}JpaH1!Y3CKoi!
198

peIGI, !Jbl nOJI}"lllTe «IIMH» APY-
roii pelGl <1>paHUlIll. 3aMCHIIB
B}l)KC nOJTy'lCililOM Ha3BaHIIII
cornacH)'IO 6yICBY) Bbl CMO)l(C-
TC npo'UrraTh <'IIMC'IKO» YpCTb-
CH !}JpaHUY3CKOn pCKII. Ha30-
BlITe 3m pCKH.
13. 3HaCTC JIll Bbl, KaK
npcJKI\c Ha3bJlJanaCb CTOJIlIua
.HnoHIIII? HCT? HlltIcro
CTpallllloro! ITCpCCTIlBbTC 6YK-
BbJ !J CO!JpCMCHHOM <'lIMCHlI»
CTOJlIIUbl.Hnollllll - II Bbl no-
JlY'IUTC npC:>KHCC Ha3BaHIIC.
14. Ha3BaHllc KaKoH
pbJ6bJ npll 'ITCHIIII Ha060pOT
AaCT «IIMH» lI3BcCTHoro lITaJIbHHCI<OrO ropoAa?
15. BcnoMHlITc Ha3BaHllC pCKII, B KOTOpoM nOCTOHH-
HO 3B}"IaT TPII HOTbl.
16. B CIIlA eCTb ropOA, KOTOpbJH Ha3b1BaCTCH TO'IIIO
TaK)I(C, KaK II MaTCpllaJI AJlH nOlllll!Ja KOCTIOMOB. I1TaK, 'ITO
3TO 3a ropoA?
17. Ha 3cMJle CYWCCTBYCT UCJlbJi1 ropHbli1 XPC6CT,
KOTOpbIi1 HaXOAIITCH... HII)I(C YPOBHH MOpH. Ho II 3TO CWC
HC BCC! OKa3b1!JaCTCH, OH HOCHT lIMH Hallicro PyccKoro
Y'lcHoro. 0 KaKOM rcorpa!}JII'ICCKOM 06DeKTC ILQCT pC'lb?
18. MO)!(HO JIll lI3 Ha3BaHIIH ropo.na nOJl}"l11Th «IIMH»
nnaHCTbl? Hc60JlblllM nOACKa3Ka: pe'Ib MCT 0 KpynHoM
IO:>KHOM ropOAC, 113!JCCTHOM !JaM C ACTCTBa.
17. BUKmopuHa "no CoeiJuHeHHblM
WmamaM AMepuKu.
I. KaKOC MCCTO B CIIlA Ha3bJlJalOT CTOJlIIUCi1 TYPII3Ma
II )l(CM'IY)IGIIIOi! AMCpIlKH? qTO !JaM H3BeCTHO 06 3TOi!
TCppllropllll?
199


........
2. KaKllc BOlllI blC npocTpaHcTBa C'II1TalOTC5I B COClll1-
. HCHHblX IlITaTaX AMCPUKU <<TpCTblfM OKCaHOM») «CCPllUCM
AMCPIlKII»? nOnblTal1reCb CpaBUIITb IIX (no nnOIllN\II)
C KpynllcHllllIMII 03cpaMII. KaK 0605lcm1Tb B03HHKHOBC-
HIIC HX H33B3HllfI?
3. BcnOMlIlITC UMH 113BCCTlioro aMcpllKaliCKoro nll-
caTCnH-HaTypaJIIICTa, <mrop3 nonynHpHblX KHHr «)KII-
BOTHbic-rCpOIl», «MycTaHr-lIIiOXOllCU», «MaJlCllbKHC
lluKaplI».
4. <,.D:O)l{llCBbIC KanJI II ucnapHIOTCH B B03llYXC, Ha
pYKax no;,ropaIOT BonOCbl. tlcnOBCK repHCT B 'lac Ollllll
nllTp BOllbl...». fllC B CIlIA HaXOlllITCH CTonb cTpalliHOe
MCCTO?
5. KaKllc ccnbcKox0351I1CTBCHllblC KYnbTypbl CTapblH
CBCT nO)J.aplln AMCpIlKC?
6. B CIlIA Bblpal1UllJaCTCH O'lCHb Mlloro KYKYPY3bJ.
B0311CnbIBaHllcM 3TOH KynbTypbl 3allllM3lOTCH ucnblC 111T3-
Tbl. Y aMcplfKaHUcB lla)l(C cywccmycT .D:BOpCU KYKYPY3bl.
fllC Oil HaXOllIITC5I?
7. Mbl C BaMII npllBblKJllI, 'ITO Korna B B0311YXC
pa3110cIITCSI apoMaT HBCTylllCI1 '1CpCMYXII, B pOlllax BOBCIO
3aJ1UBalOTCSI COJIOBbll. A nOIOT nil OHII BAMCpUKC? KCTaTII,
paCTCT nil TaM 'lcpcMyxa?
8. KaKllc KynbTypUblC paCTeHIIH nOllapllil HaM HOBbl11
CBCT?
9. Ha TCppHTOpll1l AMCpl1KU pacTyr llCpCBbH, KOTO-
pblC aMepllKallUbl C ropllOCTblO Bcnll'lalOT <'3enCllbIMli
llHH03aBpaMIf'}. 0 K3KUX BcnUK3uax 3cnCHoro Mllpa HllCT
pC'Ib?
10. OCBOCHIIC 6Yllywci\ reppllTOpllll CIlIA lIa'IIIHa-
nOCb c TaK 1133bllJaCMOrO .D:uKoro 3anN\a. CYIUCCTBYCT
ll<DKC MY3Ci\, 3aHII\lalOWlliicH 113}"1CHIICM lICTOpUII Toro
BpCMCHII. B KaKOM ropollc OH HaXOllIITCH?
II. CJIOBO <'KOB60I1» BllOCJIOBHOM nCpClJOllC C aHrnlll1-
CKOro 03Ha'iaCT <'KOPOBIIH M3.%'IIIK, nacTyX». npCllCTaBII-
TCJlCI1 KaKoH COBpCMCHHOI1 nprn1>ecclIlIllo CIIX nop Bcnll-
'IalOT KOB6oHMII II nO'lcMY?
200

18. rOJlOBOJlOMIW
reozpauecKaR exapoa*
ITpe.ll.JlaraCM DaM nOl1rpaTb 13m 'lCXapAY. )].a IIC npo-
C'I)'IO, a rcorpa4>II'lecJ<ylO. no ycnoBIIJlM 113BCCTHOH BaM
IIrpbl HCo6XODJIMO nepenpblrllBaTb .Qpyr 'lCpC3 Jlpyra. Mbi
)j(e 6YACM npblraTb 'ICpe3 6YKBbl. MMCHHO TaKIIM 06pa30M
II pClliaeTCJl lIallia ronOBonOMKa. ITponYCKaJl 6YKBY, Mbl
MO)j(CM 0 «Marll'ICCKOM» Kpyre npO'lIlTaTb Ha3BaHIIJI nJrrl1
reorpa4>II'lccKIIX 06'bCKTOB. BOT TonbKO C KaKOI1 6YKBbI
Ha'iaTb? Ran: 3Tf1M CTOIIT npIl3an:YMaTbcJI.
PCllillB ronoBOnOMKY, co06paJI1TC, KaKoro Ha3BaHIIJI
He xoaTaCT B nonY'lIIBlUCMCJI pJlAY.
19. reo2pauecKue noocKa3Ku
Ecnll Obi XOpOlUO 3HaCTC reorpa4>lIlO, TO, nOnb3YJlCb
lIalUllMII nODcKa3KaMI1, 6blCTpO coo6pa311Te II CI<3JKCTC,
o KaKOM rocyn.apCTBC II peKC IIDCT pC'lb.
201


a) )].aHHoe rocyn:apcTIJO pacnonaraCTCSI Ha OCTpOBC.
Ero HaCCJlCHHC - npllMcpHO 700 TbICH'l )j(IITcncit 0110
HBJlHCTCH 6bIBrncM KonoHllcit Epl1TaJlI1ll. HaUIIOHaJIbHblM
COCTaB - n:BC Hapon:IIOCTII.
OCHODHOM 3KcnopTHblii nponyKT - mnpycooblC. Kpo-
MC Toro, Ha OCTpOBC n:06bIBacTcH )j(cnC3l1aSl pyn:a; 6YPHO
pa60TalOT pa3JIH'IHbIC MC)K,!lj'lIapon:HbIC 6aHKli. Pacnona-
faR OTJIlI'lHblMli YCJlODIIHMI1 JUlH OTn:bIxa, OCTpOB npIIDJlC-
KaCT BIIIIMaHliC MHO)j(CCToa TYpliCTOB H3 3apy6C)j(HbIX
CTpaH.
3TO roCyn:apCTBO pacnonaraCTCSl B BOCTO'lIlOM Cpc-
n:113CMHOMOpbC. CTonlluciI HBJlHCTCH ropon: HI1KOCI1H.
I1TaK, '1TO 3TO 3a cTpalla?
6) PCKa, 0 KOTOpoii nofllicT PC'Ib, npoTSlHYJlaCb 60nce
'ICM lIa 4000 KM.
OHa 6cpeT. CDOC Ha'laJIO B UClrrpaJIbHOM KIlTaC,
now,! OKono TbICH'l1l KllnOMCTpOB HCCCT CBOli BOn:bl
napaJInCJlbHO C TC'lCHI1CM pCKII CaJlYI111 H BCpXODbCM pCKli
JIHU3bl. «3ara.nO t IHaH» pCKa BnaD.3CT B IO)j(Ho-KIITaiicKOc
MOpe. Ec YCTbC pacnonaraCTCH Hcnon:aJlCKY OT ropon:a
XOWI1MI1H, CTonliUbi BbcTHaMa. HaKollcu, no nllHlIlI
pycJla 3TOil peKli npoJlCraCT 60nblUaH '1aCTb rpaHII Ubi ,
pa311CnHlorucM TallnaH.Q II naoc. Ha cc 6cpcrax pacnOJlo-
)j(CHa CTOJllIua naoca BbCHTbHH II fnaBHblit ropon: KaM-
60A)KlI nHoMncHb.
)].ora,QaJIlICb, 0 KaKOI1 pCKC Mbl rOBOpIIJlH?
20. lJaUItBopiJ -.CeBepltali AMepUKa&
1. nonyoCTpoB lIa IOrO-BOCTOKC CCBCpHOil AMCpIIKII.
2. fopon: Ha lOre ClllA, WTaT Tcxac. 3. CTonllua Kalla,QbI.
4. lllTaT lIa CCBcpo-3ana,Qc ClllA. 5. On:HO 113 03Cp B
CIICTCMC BcnmG'!x 03Cp. 6. lllTaT ClllA, pacnono)j(clIHblil
Ha Tl1xooKcaHcKoM n06CpC)KbC. 7. PCKa, npoTCKalOlllaSi Ha
'Tcppmopllll KaHa,Qbl. 8. fopon: Ha IOrc ClllA, wTaTTcxac.
9. fopon: Ha IOrc ClllA, WTaT Tcxac. 10. nnaTO Ha IOro-
3ana.zrc AMCpliKII. 11. fopon: ClllA, pacnOJlo)j(cHllbIH B
202

WTaTC IOTa. 12. On:IIH 113 WTaTOB B u;eHTPaJlbHOn 'IaCTli
CiliA. 13. 03CpO lIa TCppllTOpUU KaHMbL 14. PCKa ClllA,
npaobln npllToK Mllccypu. 15. fopon: lIa 3anMe CiliA.
16. fopon:-noPT lIa 3anMc CiliA.
t
,
't l ,Jr
 . L
.7t. .: ',f. -
'_:- 
\ ,ft, ,.. ." '.:::.
"', . .... ..    .,. '" ::-,
 II. "  -. .
,..J¥'....( <'
:-:':-: : I} 
... Ir.j \ 't.
- '.' .., :.-
. 
203

21. KpOCCBOpiJ "nymew.ecmBue»
no ropU30HT3Jm: S. 01\Ha 1'13 CTpan BOCTO'lIIOn Amll.
6. focyn.apcTlIo, pacnonmKellllOC 0 1O)j(lIoii A31111, CTonll-
ua - TXIIMnxy. 7. PCKa, npOTCKalOlllaS! 110 eBponcHCKOn
'faCTI! POCC1II, npaBbln npliToK BS!TKII. 8. focyn.apcTlIo
UCIIYpaJIbHOn AMCpIiKII. 9. fopon.-nopT CeoepHOn fha-
nllll. 12. EeCCTO'fHOe 03epo l1a TeppllTOp1II Ka3axcTalla.
16. focyn.apcToo 3an3JJ.lloii A31111, pacnonO)j(eHHOC Ha
BOCTO'IHOM 6epery Cpe1\1I3eMHOro MOpS!. 17. On.lla In
Kpynllenwllx cYpall IO)j(Hon A31i11. 18. <I>pal1!!y3CKIII1
ropon. lIa pCKC BbcllHa. 19. "naTO H3 BOCTOKe TallnaH.Qa.
no BCpTIIK3J1H: I. fopon. "aHaMb!, nopT Kapll6cKoro
MOpR. 2. CToJnlua fllloaHa. 3. focyn.apCToo lid CCBCpo-
OOCTOKC ApalllliicKOro 1I0JlyocYpoBa. 4. CTonHua <I>paH-
UIlII. 10. CroJTlluaflaTolllI. II. PCKa Bo<l>palll(lIlI. 12.0lJ.1I1I
U3 PYMblllCKIiX roponOB. 13. CaMaR 60nbWdR pCKa I1pnaH-
n.1I1I. 14. focyn.apcTBo lIa ceBepe A<jJPIIKII. 15. Cronlilla
f BllHell- Ellcay.
204

22. BUKmopuHa-6J1u «fl02080pUM
HeMItOZO 0 Rnoltuu u 1inoltax»
L 99% lIaCCJlCHllfI CTpallbl BocxoAHlllcro CoJlllua
COCTaBJIfllOT...
2. HMfl60rHHII ConllL13. pOAOHa'IaJIbllllllbl Bccil flnOH-
cKoii lIallllll.
3. PCJlllfllfI, nplllliCAmafl B 5InolllllO U3 HHJ\HII.
4. KaK Ha3b1BaCTCH MOPaJIbHbIH KOliCKC caMypaeo?
5. KaKYlO peJlllrlllO 3anpCTIIJIII cOBcpmcHHo O<jJIIU II -
aJIbliO C 1663 ron:a?
6. Ha3BaHlIc 06bl'IaH KpOBIiOH MCCTlI Y smollllcD?
7. HlO6ooallllc nYHoil...
8. UlIHOBKIl Ha nOJly )!(lIJIlIllla HnOHllcD.
9. KaKYlO BOn:y - .xonon:HYlO, TcnnylO. ropH'lyJO -
nlO6HT HnOHlibi npll nOCClllCHlIlI 6allb?
10. Ha3B3.HlIC HnOHCKoro 'Iai'lHoro n:OMIIKa.
II. KaK lIa3bIBalOT CBOlO POllflHY ca"lII HIIOHllbl?
12. TpalJJmllOllllOc BblpalllllDaHIIC KapJTIIKODblX n:c-
pCDbCB.
13. OCTpOB, lIa KOTOpOM pacnonaraCTcH CTOmma
5InoHIIII.
14. Ha30aullc CKopOCTIloro 3Kcnpecca, npcon:oncDa-
lOlllcro paccToSllllIC 0 515 KM MC)!(1\Y TOKIIO II OcaKoil
Bccro 3a 2 'Iaca 15 MlIIIYT.
15. KpynHcHWlliI ropon: OCTpODa XOKKail.l1o.
16. Ha3Bamic nponllBa, OTn:CJlHlOlllCrO XOKKaHllo OT
KypllnbcKlix OCTpOOOB.
17. OCIiOBIIOC 3aHHTIIC HnOIlCKIlX KpeCTbSlH.
18. 5InoHCK3J! pCJlllrllH.
19. COCJlOBIIC. npoB03rnaClIBWCC B XII-XIII BB.
<jJYlIllaMcHTOM o6111cCToa «BOCHHyJO .no6ncCTb».
20. Ha3Ballllc CTaplllllloro 06bl'IaH, no KOTOPOMY
BaCCaJI nocnc CMCpTH ClO3cpClIa-nOKpOBIITcnH CJlCn:yCT 3a
HlIM Ha TOT CBCT.
21 fl1060Ballllc I.IBCTaMlI...
22. Co3CPUaHlICClIC)!(HblX npocropoB, mo6omulllc 11111I...
205

...........
23. Huwa B )Kumm.lc JlnOHueO, me ucema nOMelllaCT-
C}I CBUTOK C BtUl.OM hpllpo.nbJ If o6S13aTCnbHo CTOIIT 6YKCT.
24. KaK Ha3bmaIOTCJI o6111ecTBcHHbIe 6aHII B 5InoHIIII?
25. CBJllllCtltlaSl Klillra, nO'U1TaCMaJi 0 5InoInm.
26. IlaJIO'IKII JVlSI e.nb!.
27. 'Lfcro He .nCJlaIOT JlnOHUbi - B OTnll'IIIC OT Hac - npll
BCTPC'Ie C .npY3bS1MII?
28. Ilpomm, KOTOpblii OT.nenJiCT OCTpOB XOKKaH.lI.O OT
OCTPOBa CaXaJIIiH.
29. CTapoe Ha3BaHlle CTOnlll\bI 5InoHllu.
30. BblCO'IaHWaJl BepWIIHa 5InoHuli.
23. rO./1080./l0MIW "rocyiJapcm8a E8pOnW&
3anonllllTe nyCTbIC KJlCTKII ropU3011TaJIblIblX pHlIOB
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24. fJaiillBopa «reoapaqJUR na A&
3TOT 'lai'IHBopn: lIMeCT On:HY «1I3IOMIIIIKY,)-nOJ\CKa3KY:
Bce reorpa<!m'lCCKlle tIa3BatillH, KOTopbIe Bbl 6yn:eTC Bnll-
CblBaTb B KJleTO'lKII rOJTOBOJTOMKII, n:OIDKHbl Ha'lUHaTbCSllI
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1. fopo.Q B HllreplIlI. pacnonO)KcHHblH lIa peKe A6a.
2. OmlH lI3 ropon:OB Hurepuu. 3. fopoJ\ 0 11J1n:ulI. 3,lJ,MIIHU-
crpanmHblH uellTP lllTaTa Tpllnypa. 4. fopo.Q B 11HJJ:lIlI,
pacnOnO)KellJlbln Ha 6eperax peKl1 .lIJKaMHa. 5. fopon: lIa
lOre TypuulI. 6. PCKa Ha CCBepe I1TaJUU1, npaBbIn npUTOK
peKH no. 7. fopon:-nopT lIa lOre ABCTPaJIliU. 8. HaceneH-
Hbln nyHKT B 3an3,lJ,HOH l11'1mm. 9. PeKa, npaBblH npUTOK
51HbI. 10. lllTaT Ha cpCJ\HeM Janan:e CIlIA. II. 3aJIII0
207

KpaCHOro MOpH, paCnOnO>KCHHWii MCJK))y ApalJuHcKIIM II .f
CIlHai'ICKIIM nonyocYpoBaMII. 12. fopoJ\ 5InolUlIl, oCYpOIJ
XOIICIO. 13. CTOnIlL(a fallbl. 14. IlhaT lIa lOre CIlJA
15. fopa KapcKoro nJTOCKoropbH, BOCTO'IIICe Kapca.
16. fOpOn:AKTI061HCKOi'1 06nacTII, CTOHll(IIi'llIa peKC I1ncK.
17. ITpOBIIHUliJI Ha IOro-3anan.c Kallan.bI. 18. PeKa, npoTc-
KalOll(aH no TeppUTopll1l nonYOCTpooa KpblM.
19. ITORY0CTpOIJ Ha CCBCpO-3anan.c CcocpHoll A1.ICpliKII.
20. OJJ.Ha m IJCRII'Iai'lwux peK U1pa, HeCYUlaH CBOII OOJ\W
nOTcppmoplllllO>KHoll A1.lCpl.IKII. 21. \.facTb CBCTII. 22. O.QIIH
m KYPQpTOB fpY3l1u lIa 6epery'ieplloro MOpH. 23. BTOpoi'1
no DCnH'IlIlIe (nocRe EBp33li11) MaTepHK:
25. BU/cmopuna-6.11uq «Bonpoc - om8em»
I. Ca13H BblCOKaH BcplUlma HOIIOH 3CJTall.QlIlI.
2. PeKa, Ha KOropOH pacnOJTaraCTCH ropoJ\ Earn:an..
3. CTpaHa, CTOJIIIUdi KOTopoi'1 HBJlHeTCH ropon: MOH-
TCBlfJ(CO.
4. KpynHefiwHi'1 OCTpOIJ cDpaliUlill.
5. fOJlnaHn:cu, ncpllblM cOlJcpwlIDluuii lUIaBaHlle IJO-
Kpyr ABcYpaJIlnl.
6. Apxuncnar, npllllaDJIC)Kall(lIlI 9KIJa.D.OPY.
7. ):(oa KpynHcHwllx ropoJ\a ABCTpaJIIIU.
8. Kyn:a Bnan.aeT pCKa llJapll B A4>PIIKC?
9. Cronllua CJIOIJCmlll.
10. ITPOJIIIB, COCn:UIIHIOll(lill Kpaclloe Mope II AuCIIC-
Klii 3,unw I1Hn:lli.icKOro OKcalia.
II. KpynHci'llllllll OCYpOB KaHMcKoro ApKHI'IeCKOrO
apxuncnara.
12. Ll.Ba nOITyocYpoBa, OTHOCHIlU1CCH K Tcppmopllli
MeKCIIKlI.
13. \.fTO pacnonaraCTcH ceocpHCC - ITaplI)K }!nlll-lblO-
HopK?
14. foCyn:aPCTIJO, CTOJlIIUei'1 KOropOro HIJJTRCTCH ropo.Q
TllpaHa.
15. KpynHcnwlI1I noPT 9Koan.opa.
.208
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16. PCKa, lIa KOropOH CTOIlT ropOL{ MOHpcam;.
17. Cat-taH DblCOKaH DcpWHlla CeDepllOH A1CpliKII.
18. Mope, OMblBalOluec Ypll 'laCTII CDeTa.
26. IO/lOBO/lOMIW "'pe'leCKUe ocmpoBa»
33JJ.a'la npOCTa: BCIlOMHliTb II 3anllcaTb B nycT)owllc
rOpli30llTaJllI Ha3DallllH HCKOTOpbIX OCTpOBOD rpeL\IIII,
1l0nb3YHCb nOL{CKa3KaMH ronoBonOMKII.
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I. PCKa 0 ApIlKC, npaDblii npllTOK Y6aHrI!. 2. PeKa,
npoTCKalOlllaH no TCppllropHII BCHCC}'3J1bl II KonYM6I1H.
3. CaMbl» KpynHblH (npaBblH) npHTOK BOJlrll. 4. CaMb11!
MHOrOBODJlblH npaBblM npHToK EnllceH. 5.ITpaDblll npH-
TOK 5I1Ibl. 6. BeJlH'laHWaJI no MHOroBOl1HOCTll1l p33McpaM
6aCCCHHa pCKa B Mllpe. 7. JIcDblH npnToK EHlICCH. 8. CaMaJI
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TeppliTopll1l BOCTO'lHOn CII611PII II I1pKYTcKoii 06naCTII.
10. npaBblii npliTOK JIcllbl. II. PCKa, nepcceKalOlllIDI
rDIllICIO, MaIIII, Hmep II HllreplllO. 12.PeKa B lllBcnua-
plill II <Dpalll.{IIH. 13. PCKa BOCTO'lHOn A31111. 14. 01\Ha 113
caMblX 60nbWIIX eBponCHCKIIX peK. 15. PeKa lIa ce13cpe
BOCTO'lIlOn '(acm POCCIIH. 16. 06111ee Ha3BaHlle 03Cp II peK
KYMo-MaHbl'lcKoi1 BnMIIHbI. 17. npaDbIii npliTOK 0611.
18. JIeBblH npllToK OKII. 19. PeKa B BCHecY:'lJIe, nC13blH
npllTOK OpIIHOKO. 20. PCKa B TYPUIIII, CIlPIIII II I1paKe.
21. PCKa, npOTeKalOlllaH no TCppliTOplill AnneHIIHcKoro
210

nonyocTpooa. 22. PCKa Ha BOCTOKC CIlIA. 23. PeKa 03aHpc.
24. PeKa 0 CIlIA, nCBblM npHToK MHccllcllnll. 25. Kaml)l;-
CKa51 pCKa, onall.alOllla!1 0 3aJ1HO .[{)f(CMC. 26. PCKa, npOTe-
KalOllla'l no TCppllTOp1l1l Ka3aXCTaHa II POCCIUI, nCBblM
npHTOK 0611.27. PCKa I1a TCppllTOp1l1l 'lIlTHHCKOM 06na-
CTII. 28. PeKa Ha ceBCpc HTaJlHII. nCBblM npllTOK ITo.
29. PCKa lIa 3anall.e KaHa.D.bl. 30. PCKa CIlIA, npaBblM
npllToK MIICCHCHnH. 31. PCKa Ha lOre KaHa.D.bl. 32. PCKa,
Hccywa51 Cooll OOll.bl no TCppllTOpllH Kall3ll.bl. 33. PCKa Ha
3ana.D.C eoponcMcKoM '1aCTI1 POCCIIII. 34. PCKa B HH)J}1H.
35. ITepIlOll.lI'ICCKH ncpCCblXalOllla51 peKa Ha 3anall.C ABCT-
paJIl1l1. 36. PeKa lIa TCPPliTOpll1l J1eHIIHrpa.D.cKOM 06naCTII.
37. PCKa Ha IOro-BocTOKC POCCIIH.
28. Pe6ycbl Y2aaaii. Kmo R u eile :JICUBY"
1. J1oxMaToc )f(J.!BOTHOC co crpa.D.aJlb'lCCKIIM Bblpa)f(C-
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7. CaMaSJ KpYIllf!Ul IlTHl.ta, YMCCT OTJlII'IIIO 6craTb, 110
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rpal}JwlccKHC IIa3BaHIISJ:
L Mllp. 2. Hopa. 3. CPOK. 4. KaPT<l. 5. ITCIIKH. 6. Cono.
7. BCHepa. 8. EynKa.
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l\CJlCHHblX KJlCTKaX MO)f(HO nonY'IIITb cnOBo-aHarpaMMY.
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31. KpoCC-'I.aUHBopiJ
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cYJIapcTBo lIa HH1l0KHTal1CKOM nOJlyoCTpOBC. S. CaMaSJ
60JlbWa$1 IIYCTblH$1 Ha 3CMJlC. 6. fopoL( B UCHTpaJIbllOI1
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AMCpIlKC. 8. Pal10HlIbll1 UCIITp B EyxapcKol1 06J1acTII.
9. Pal10HHblH UCHTp B 'lcJlH6HIICKOM 06J1aCTII. 10. focy-
.IlapCTBO, pacnOJlO)f(CHHOC .Ha ccnepc CCBCpnOI1 AMCpll-
KII. II. PCKa, npaDbl11 npl1TOK J1CHbl. 12. ITorpallH'lIIaH
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216

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IIOC Ha lorc A<jJpI1KII. 17. rOpOJI B CUJA, lllTaT KaJllI<jJop-
HHH. 18. rOpOL(, pacnOJlO)f(CHllblH B LlCHTPaJlbHOfl 'laCTlI
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JlCHHOfl 6YKBbl, TO B ::nOH rOJlOBOJlOMKC MO)f(IIO HaHTH
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CaMoe-caMoe__."
I. CaMblH KpynllblH MaTCpI1K.
2. CaMblH KpynH('IH nOJlYOCTpOB.
3. CaMblH KpynHblH OClpOB.
4. CaMaH 60JlblllaH nYCTbIIiH.
S. CaMaH ccsepnaH TO'lKa CYllllI.
6. CaMOC HlI3Koe MCCTO CYlliH.
7. CaMblH BblCOKHH .f{CHCTBYlOlllllH BYJlKaH.
8. CaM<Ul BbiCOKaH ropa.
9. CaMoe )f(apKOC MCCTO.
10. Cal>!Oe cyxoc MeCTO.
II. Ca"lOe BJla)f(HOC MeCTO.
12. CaMaH JI.JUlliHaH pCKa.
217

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14. CalOc 60Jlbl1l0e 03CpO.
15. CaMoe rny6oKoc 03epo.
16. CaMb111 BblCOKlfll BOI{OnaJI:.
17. CaMoe rny6oKoc MCCTO B OKeaHe.
18. CaMoc 60Jlbl1l0e MOpC.
19. CaMbll1 60Jlbl1l0M OKcall.
20. CalOc XOJlOllll0C MCCTO.
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JlO)j(CHHblH IIa peKe OMb. 4. POCCHHCKIIH ropoL( Ha pCKC
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218

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KapacyJC. 10. rOpOl\ B CBCPJl.JlOBCKOH 06naCTII, pacnoJlo-
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KypraHcKoM 06nac-rn. 12. fpynna 113 'JeTblpex BynKalill-
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13. PaHOHHblH UCHTP B TynbCKoM 06nacTII. 14. rOpOL( Ha
celJepO-BOCTOKe HpaKa. 15. PaMoHHblH uellTp B MHHCKOM
06nacm. 16. OL(IIH 113 rOpOl\OB B MOCKOBCKOH 06JIaCTII.
17. rOpOl\ Ha peKC CeHM.
35. rOllOBolloMKa 3a6aBHaJi zeozpat/JuJI&
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3. TEMA, 4. [POH, 5. NIHK,
6. KYCOK, 7. CTOITA nepe-
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Donbr no reppUTopUU Ka3axcTana If POCCUU U
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3ana):{C Dopryramll1. 4. PCKa D EOJlrapml,
npHTOK MapUl.{bl. 5. PCKa lIa ccncpc I1Ta-
mlH. 6. PCKa na IOrc <J>paHuml, IJnaJlalO1I\aH n
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2. A Tcncpb HafuUITc «HMH» TaKo.rO cPPYKTa, 'rro.6bl
o.llo.Co.CTo.Hno. 113,nBYX reo.rpacPu'lecKllx Ha3BaHHII: BI1W-
WI, CJII1BA, AEPI1KOC, BI1HOfPAJ].. .
3. Cpc,nu «HMCII» :JTHX )!(lBo.TllbiX o.Tb!IItIITC TaKo.C,
222
-

x
C
'1T06bl OliO COCTOSlJlO U3 ABy)( reorpaclJU'IccKUX Ha3Batluit
KOPOBA, JIOIlIA,[{b, OBUA, EAPAH, JIOCb.
4. CpCAU :3TlIX UMCH «cnpmal1'> roPOA. Ha(IAllTe cro.
MAlliA, MAPI1HA, JIAJ1MA, AJIJIA.
5. A DOT POCCbInb Cl1'OIJTCJlbHblX MaTcPilaJIOB, «3aCbl-
naBllIaSl'> I{CJlYIO ropy. KaJ<YlO?
):{OCKA, EPYC, llIEIlA, IlJIAHKA.
6. Bee Bbl 3HaeTC 3TII IIUCTPYMCHTbl: MOJIOTOK,
milIA, TOIlOP, PYbAHOK.
Ho MaJlO KTO 3HacT, '1TO OJlliH li3 IJUX SlDJUlCTCSI
reorpacl>II'ICCKliM Ha3DaHUCM. Co06pa3Imu?
7. Cpc.nu :nux CJIOB «cnpSlTano» Ha3DamlC Mb!Ca.
OTbllllllTC ero.
COB OK, EYP, JIOIlATKA, 3KCK.<\BATOP.
8. H CHOBa liMCHa... HaffAlITC CpCAU mix ropOA.
JIEIlIA, BOBA, ):{EHI1C, KOmI, POMAH.
9. HaBcpHOc, Dce Db! 3Haere Ha3BmJIISl CJlC.nyIOIltIlX
C"mpaJIbllblX nopOIliKOD:
«OMO,>, «TAJ1J{,>, «E", <<JIOCK».
BOT TOJ1bKO OAtlO U3 HUX COOTBCTCTDyCT «IIMCIIII»
acl>PIIKalicKoi1 pCKli. KaKoc JKC UMC/UiO?
10. IlepcA BaMU CnllCOK 0pyJKlm: MElJ, JIYK, IlA-
lIAIlI, KOIlbE, ):{POTI1K. OTbIlUlJTC B HCM reorpacl>u-
'JCCKOC Ha3BaHlIC - ropoA.
II. TPYbA, CAKCO<J>OH, rOPH, KJIAPHET- Bce
3T0 IIIY3b1KaJlbHbIC liHCl1'YMCHTbl. M Bce-TaKU OAHO CJlOBO
SlBIlSlCT reorpaiPlI'ICCIGIM Ha3BaHlICM. KaKoc?
12. YJ],AB, rA,[{ICKA, IlHTOH, Y)K... KaKoc OTHO-
llIeHiIC K rcorpaiPliu lia3DaHui1 liMCIOT 3TH npCCMblKa-
IOIltUCCSI?
13. HEKPACOB, EJIOK, IlYIlIKHH, ECEHI1H,
MA5IKOBCKHJ1... OrbllltliTe «liMSl» POCCUi1CKOro ropo.na.
14. CpeJl.b nUll{ 33npSlTaJlaCb pCKa.
Ho Tbl lIamtclllb ec? 0 Aa!
TETEPEB, CI1HHl.{A, lJI1:>K, HBOJIrA, BOPOH.
15. A Tencpb pCKa «cnpSlTaJlaCb» CpCJII13Depcff. KaKa!I?
MEJ{BEJ{I1UA, BOlIK, miCA, CJIOH.
223

43. MUHU-ICpOCC80pa «reozpalpU'leCKUe
nUJlUllapOM.bI"
HanoMlUIM, 'ITO naJIllll1lpOMaMII lIa3bIBalOTCH CJlona,
KOTOpblC 'IHTaIOTC}1 conCprnCIl110 OAI1l1aKOnO KaK CJlCBa
Hanpano, TaK II cnpana lIaJ1CBO.
1 I 2
3 4 5
6 -
7
8 - - 9
- -
- -
no ropIl30lfT'.IJIII: I. rOpoA B BOPOIICJKCKOti 06J1aCTu.
3. rOpoA B KUTac, npODlUII.{IISI raHbCY. 4. SInollcKllfl
OCl'pOB lIa CCBCpC 6Jl1B OCTpoDa KlOClO. 8. ropon lia
CCDCpO-3311aJIC KUTaH. 9. PCKa II Krrac II Ka3axCTaHc.
no BCpTIIKaJllI: I. rOpO.l\ lla CCBcpe COMaJllI. 2. rOpO.l\
Ha 1OI"O-3ana):\C PYMbllIlIlI. 3. rOpO.l\ B KUTac, npOBHlllllIH
AlIbXOH. 5. ropon: B 3qJllonHIf. 6. rOpOA Ha BOCTOKC
TYIIHca. 6. PCKa n Aurmm.
44. BUICmOpUllU <oBoICPYz C8ema,>
I. KaK Bbl C'lIlTaCTC, C 'lCM CBH3aHO TaKOC HBJlClUlC,
KaK ncpaBlIoMcpllOCTb npamcHIIH Harncfl nJlaHCTbl?
2. rOBOpn 0 nOJlHpHblX CllnHIIS!X. Mb/ Bccrn:a CBH3b1Ba-
CM 3TOT npllpo.l\lIbln <pCllOMCH C CCDCpllbiMU paliollaMu
3CMlIoro rnapa. Ho npaBbl JlU Mbl, npll.l\CpJKIIDanCb TaKOrO
MHCHIIS!? .
3. MOJKCM JIll Mbi C YBCPClfHOCTblO CKa3aTb, '{TO B
AHTapKTII.l\C COJlHC'/HoroTCnJla BJICTHCC BpCMS! HC MCHb-
rnc, '{CM, npC.l\nOJlOJKIIM, B TalIlKCIlTC? 060CllYliTC CBOH
OTBCT.
24

I,
,1
4. KaKoi1 ropllbill MaCCHB Ha 3cl'olJlc C'IlITaCTCSI Kpyn-
HCIIWHM? IlonblTamccb .l\OKa3aTb 3TO l!:>aKTaMH.
5. HaBcpHoc, Bb! CJlbiWaJlU Bblpa)f(CHUe «nOlOllUIC
nccKu»? A MO)f(CT 6bITb, 3TO npoCTO 06pa3Hbili 060POT
pC'IH? CymcCTBYIOT JlU OHiI Ha caMOM .l\CJlc?
6. IlYCTbUlSl Caxapa... Bile" '1aCTO B0311UKalOT TaKUC
SlBIlCHHSI, KaK MHpa)f(U. OHiI onaCHbl.D:JJSI nyrcwcCTBCHHlf-
KOB, nOTOMY '1TO MOlYI' C6UTb C BcpHoro nynt, YBCCTU OT
KapaBamfblX Tpon. qCM )f(C PYKOBO.l\CmYIOTCH nyrHlIKu,
'lT06b1 06e30naClITb cc6S1?
7. JhoecTHo, -ITO B HCKOTOpblX MCCTaX 3CMHoro wapa
CAUHCTOCHlfblMU UCTO'IHUKaMH BO.l\bl SlBJlSlIOTCSI apYC3U-
aHCKIlC KOJIO.l\l..lbI. A 3l1aCTe JlH Obi, KaKoi1 113 HHX SlBIlSlCTCSI
caMblM M01l\HbiM Ha ITJJaIlCTC?
8. KaK ObI Jlj'MaCTC, HaCKOJIbKO MHOro MCCTa Ha 3cl'olJlC
3aHUMalOT JlCAHlfKIf?
9. Bcc Obi CTaJlKllBaJUICb C TaKHM SlBIlCHIleM npHpO.l\bl,
KaK rp03a. A 3Haere JlU ObI MCCTa, mc rp03bl 6blBalOT
nO'lTiI KaJ\(l\blll .l\CHb? MO)f(CT JIIf 'ICllOOCK np0)f(UTb BCIO
CBOIO )f(I13l1b If HU pa3Y HC YBll.QCTb 6J1CCKa MOJlHlUl?
10. 113BCCTHO, '1TO pCKU - OCHOOHOi1 UCTO'IHIIK npcc-
HOII BO.l\bl. Ho TaK JlU 3TO? IloJlj'Mai1Te If OTDCTbTC.
II. Ha300uTe caMbiC II3DCCTHbiC BOAOn3J\bl MHpa.
CY1I\CCTOylOT JI H Ha TeppUTOpUU Halllci1 cTpaHbi nOA06-
IIbiC rllraHTbl?
12. Ec-rb JlH Ha 3CMJlC MCCTa, mc B OAHOM MCCTC
npcKpacHo }')f(HB3IOTCSI npCACTaDlITCJlU MOpCKOIl H npcc-
tlOBOAIIOi1I!:>JlOPbi U l!:>aYHbI?
B. MO)f(HO JlH CpCl{lI 6C36pc)f(Hb1X OKcaHCKHX npo-
CTOpOB nOnOJlHlfTb 3anaCbl npccHoif BOAM? Hc Topoml-
TCCb C OTBCTOM, nOLIYMaliTe XOpOlllCHbKO.
14. HaIJCpHOC, MlIorHC 113 Bac CJlbIlllaJIU 0 TaK Ha3bl-
BaC\lOM xnC6HOM .l\CpCBC. A CYlllCCTBYCT JlU «KoJl6aCIIOC'}
.l\CpCBO?
15. MoIYI" JIll paCTClum XOilUTb? ECJIu .l\a, TO r.l\C
npOll3paCTaIOT TaKUC «XOAOKU"?


8 - 2785
225
...............

16. fJIe Ha 3eMJIe JKlfByr JleTy'JIlC JlIICIlUbl? JiJln
TaKOBblX B006we He CymCCTBYCT?
17 fJIe "npoJKHBac flTIIua JlHpOXBOCT If '1eM OHa
3H3MCJIHTa?
18. KaKoll ropo./{ 3CM/fOrO wapa C'IHTaeTCH caMLIM
)O)I(HMM?
19. MO)l(CT JIIf cywCCTBOBaTb /fa Hc60JlbWOM }"IaCTKe
cyrnlf cpa3Y HCCKOJlbKO KopcII, AMCPlfK, KaHan II T. n.?
20. KaK Bbl JI}'MaCTe, MOJKlIO JIll C'IlIT3Tb ropoJIO\l
HaCCJlCHHbl1l nYHKT C HaCCJlCHIICM B 200 )J(lITClIej.j?
45. rOA08oAoMICa .OICeanuR.
Barna 3aJIa'la npoCTa - Hy)J(HO B ropH3OtrraJIbllbie
PRJJ.hI BnllcaTb Ha3BallWI OCTpOBOB, OTIIOCHU\lIXCH K OKe-
aHIIII.
«HI 0
1).1 K
1).1 E
A
H
O-B iii
H
46_ KPOCC80piJ (,flo cmpanaAt
U IConmunenmaM.&
no ropll30lrraJlH: 5. fopOJI B CenepHoll JiTall II If.
6. fopoJI fla IOrO-3;maD.e HpaHa. 7. fopa D ABCTpanHII.
8. fopoJI lIa IOrc Ii HDJUI. 10 OCTpOB D CPCJIH3CMIIOM MOpc,
JiTaJUI!!. I L fopoJI Ha IOro-nocToKe <DpaHUIlIi. 14. fopoJI
B OpeH6yprcKoi1 06JlaCTIi. 17. fOPOil H<I ccncpc llclrrpaJIb-
Ho-ArppIiKallcKO1 PCCrry6J11IKII. 18. CTOJllIua SInolUm.
226

19. rOpoJl,Ha IOrO-BOCTOKC KHTasI, UITaT\UK3U3llH. 20. O.l\HO
113 cBponci1cKHx rocYJl.apcTB.
no BepTHKaJIII: I. ropoJl, Ha cesepe TypwfII. 2. rocy-
.l\apCTBo Ifa CCBCpe A4>Plflrn. 3. rOCYapcTBO, pacnoJlo-
)!(CHHOC B 3ana):\HOH A4>PHKC. 4. ropoJl, Ha CCBCpe TYPUlIII.
9. fopo.l\ lia CCBCpo-DOCTOKC Mpalfa. 12. CroJlllua Ta.rvKH-
KlfCTaHa. 13. 5JnoHcKlIH roPO.l\ Ha OCTpODC XOKKat!.llo.
15. OPODIIHI.{IISI H ropO.l\ B KHTac. 16. OPHTOK JICHbi.
47. lJauH6opobl-KopOmblUUC"
BaM npC.l\CTOIfTyraJl.aTb reorpaiPwlccKoc H33BaHIIC no
npclVlO)!(Clf/fOMY 3a.uaHiIIO, a CJlOBa Dbl6yJI,CTC 3anllCblBaTb
KaK B 06bl'moM '1aKHoop,ne.
g.
227


I) I. KPYITHOC mlCTBCHHOC JlCpCBO C O'lCf!I, npo'mOn
lIpeBCCHIiOn.
2. KymaHbe B npa3.l\IIHK MaCJICmUibl.
ITIrrIJ
2) I. 3apbITblC B 3CMJlIO COKpoBHwa.
2. 3CMJlSI 1l0A BOJlOCMOM.
DTITIJ
3) I. KpynHOC XHWHOC )!(lfBOTHOC H3 CCMCHCTBa
KOllla'lbHX.
2. bOJlblllOe KpCCTbSlHCKOC CCJlCHIIC.
3. MCCTOIiMCHlIC.
48. rO/lOBOJlOM./W (,Om H 00 J/o)
3anOJlHHTC nYCTblC KlICTKII, 'ITo6b1 nOJly<lIlJlHCb Ha-
3DaHIfSI CCMH rocYJlapcTIJ.
228

49. rOpU30HmaJlbHbie pnobl "OcmpoBHble
zocyiJapcmBa&
3anOJIHUB ropU30HT3nbHble pH.!\bllla3DalUlHMU 14-TU
rocYAapCTD, paenOnOJKeHHblX Ha OCTpOBax, B BCPTUKaJlb-
HOi1 KonOHKC Bbl npO'lTCTC «UMSI» 15-ro.
50. KpOCCBOpiJ "reozpapu'lecICue
naJlUHiJpoMbl&
HanoMuHacM, 'iTO naJIlIH.U-
pOMbi - 3T0 c.HOBa, KOTOpbIC co-
BeplllCHIIO OAUHaKOBO '1HTaIOTeSl
KaK enCBa HanpaDo, TaK U enpaoa
HaJlCBO.
no roPU301IT:lJlH: 3. fopa tla
lOre AmKupa. 4. fOPM Ha lOre
HurcpuH. 5. fOPOA D 1.IcnH61Il1C- J
KOi1 o6naCTII. 7. OCTPOB B SInoH-
229


CKOM MOpe (Ha 3ana):{C OT OC1pOBa XOliCIO). 8. OPliTOK
Oapal1l3R.
no BeprnIGlJlH: L I1lioe Ha3IJaHHC ropona TYJ1C, '1TO B
rpCH.lJaImHlf. 2. ropo.l\ If PCKa B EBponcilcKoii '1aCTlf
TypUHIf. 4. OPIITOK PCKlf 00. 6. PCKa H1I KaBKa3c, nplfTOK
T CpCKa.
51. KPOCC80piJ "3aJlU8b1
CpeaU3eMHoZO MOpR
BmUllIlTC B nYCTblC KIIeTO'lKlf lia3BalUIH IICKOTOpblX
3aJJHIJOD CP C .l\1I3CMlIoro Mopn, onHpanCb Ha 3amiCb B IJCp-
TIfKaJlbHOi1 KOJlOHKe.
52. Keu80pa "reozpat/JUrtecKUU&
B 3TOM KPOCCDoPAe DCC 6YKBbi 33MCHClIbl I.UlcPpaMII.
Oonpo6Yi1Te, onlfpanCb Ha DnlfcallHYIO B CCTKY roJlOBO-
230

,'10MKlI nOllCKa3KY, peWllTb 3aAa'lY. Y'ffIlTC, '1TO KpOMC
reOrpa4>H'ICCKHX Ha3DaHHti MOIyT DCTpe'laTbCH 11 reorpa-
4>H'IecKliC TCpMHHbI.
53. rOJl080JlOMKa (jropoiJa HnoHuu
BnHWIlTC D cDo6ollHbiC KJlCTKIf HaJDaHIfR HCKOTOpblX
HnOllCKIfX ropOllOD, KOTOpblC OKaH'IHDaIOTCR Ha - R'MA.
--
--
%
';:;''r.
54. MUHU-KpOCC80pa (j/lpRMOYZOJlbHUK A.
no ropH301IT3JJH: I. ropen. Ha peKC A6aKaH. 4. TCppH-
TOpHR Ha 3al11\l(C bpa311JllIH. 5. ropel\ If 110pT D I10PllaHHH
Ha 6cpcry Kpaclforo MOpH.
231


no DepmKaJlH: I. ropon: B Kpac-
Hon:apcKoM Kpac. 2. TaHTaJloH1l06uc-
BOC MecropO)f(lJ;CHIIC B bpa311J1111f.
3. ropon: B rpY31111.
55. FOJlOeOJlOMlCa -./loJlyocmpo8a Eepa3UUi)
BmlUlIITC D cD060n:Hb1C KJlCTKIl Ha3BalllUl nOJl}'OCTpO-
BOB, OTllOCHWllxcn K EBpa31111.
56. FOJl080JlOMICa -.CeMb 3aJlU8oe»
Ballia 31\11.8'1a - BnllcaTb B cD060n:HblC KJlCTKIl Ha3Da-
IIlIn CCMII 3aJ1I1DOD, OTlIocnWllxcn K Teppl1Topll1l CCDep-
Holf II IO)!(HOIf AMCpllK.
232

-I
IC-
e-
II.
57. 'lai1H8opa-C/1080Kam /lymemeCm8Ue&
I. CTOJlIIl..{a YKpaIlHbl. 2. CTOJIIIl..{a ADC'TpIlIl. 3. fopon:
na BOCTOKC <1>palll..{lIlI. 4. PCKa B 5lnmlllll Ha OC'Tpone
XOIiCIO. 5. fopon: Ha CCBCpe HllreplIll. 6. PCKa B lllBcMl..{a-
pllH II <1>paHl..{IIII. 7. fopon: B .HnoHIIII Ha OCTpOBC XOHCIO.
8. CTOJlIIl..{a I1cMeHcKoM Apa6cKOM Pccny6J1I1KII. 9. fopon:
Ha ceBCpe HpaHa. 10. A3l1aTcKOc rocyn:apcmo. I I. fopon: B
KOJlYM61111. 12. CTOJlIIl..{a 3KBa,u,Opa. 13. PeKa Ha 3am\ll:e
KOJlbCKOrO nonyOC'TpoBa, npllTOK peKli TYJloMa. 14. A«pplI-
KaIfCKOc rocyn:apCTBo. 15. fopol!. Ha BOCTOKC Emma.
16. nOPT Ha ccnepc <!>paHl..{IIII. 17. nplITOK pCKII Ky6aHb.
18. PeKa B AeCTpIlIlIl BeHrpllll, npHToK.I.1YHaJ!' 19. fopol!.
Ha Jam\ll:e f'yMblHIlII. 20. CTOJIIIl..{a HapOl!.HOfi .I.1cMoKpaTH-
'ICCKOM Pecny6J1I1KII I1cMeH. 21. PCKa B EBponcMcKoM
'laCTII POCCIIII. 22. PCKa B KanIlHIIHrpa,u,CKOM o6J1acrn.
233

23. focyn.apcTBO Ha noJJyOCTpOBC HtUl.OlO1Tait 24. PCKa DO
<DPaHUIIII, npllTOK peKII POHa. 25. HTaJlbRHCKaR pCKa,
DnaaalOIUaH BnHrypllMCKOC MOpe. 26. OCTpOn IOfO-BOCTO<I-
HOM 'laCTII Tllxoro OKcaHa. 27. fopon: B BCHrpllll. 28. fopon.
Ha cCBCpo-Janaac ITOJlbllJlI. 29. fopon: HaJanaac bCJlapycll.
30. fopan: D PyMbiHIIII. 31. fopon. B J1HL\OHC31111, OCTpOB
Homill fBIIHcn. 32. OCTpOB B 3rCMCKOM MOpe. 33. PCKa
B KCHIIII, BnaMlOIUaJI D HHL\HI!CKJ1fi OKCafi. 34. PCKa
B 5InoHIIII Ha OCTpOBC XOHCIO. 35. MbiC !fa Janaac ITllpe-
!fcikKOfO nOJJyOC1pOBa, ITop1yfaJllln. 36. PCKa B J1TaJ1I1I1,
BnaaalO1I.I3JI D A.i:(pllaTH'lCCKOC MOpe. 37. ITplITOK l(yHall.
58. KPOCC8opa-pe6yc lTymemecm8ue
no l/>PaltU,UU$
no ropH301lTaJlH:
1.
234

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9. 3,2,1
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u l"'\; J.
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235

no BepTIIKaJ1H:
1.
1,2,P,3.K
3.
2.
3,2,1,4
_: j},', .:::;.
- ,
.00
4. fI L"
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236

59. 'lauH8opa-cllo8olcam
-.lloa He60M 8cex tuupom
I. rOpOD: Ha CCBCpC KIITaH. 2. A<}JpllKaHcKoc rocYAap-
CTBO. 3. rOpOA Ha ccncpc rOHAypaCa. 4. PCKa n KOJlYM61111
II BCHCCY::)JIC, npHTOK pCKII OpIIHOKO. 5. PCKa n Enpo-
nCH:CKOll 'laCTII POCCIIII, JlCBblH npllTOK BOJlm. 6. OD:IIH
113 bOJlbUlHX AHTllJlbCKIIX oC1'ponoB. 7. ropo,!\ n KOT-
A'Hnyape. S. rOpOD: B OMCKOif 06J1aCTII: 9. rOpOD: lIa
oCl'ponc CYM6ana, MIID:OHC311$!. 10. A3118TCKOC rocy,!\ap-
CTBO. II. AnToHoMHaH pccny6J1I1Ka POCCIIII. 12. PCKa n
ClllA, Bna.aaIOUla51 B 03CpO 3plI. 13. CTOJlIIl..{a ncpy.
14. rOpOD: B nOJlbUlC. 15. rOpOD: B BcmplIlI. 16. HTaJlb-
HIiCKIIH: ropOD:, B KOTOpOM HaXOl!.IITCH 3HaMCHIITaH nal!.a-
IOUlaH 6aUln$!. 17. rOpOD: Ha CCBCpC Typl..{lIlI. IS. CTOJlIIl..{a
Toro. 19. OcrpOB MC)f(,Uy OCTpOBaMIl rallTII II nY3pTO-
PIIKO. 20. rOCYl!.apCTBO Ha ApaBIIH:CKOM nOJlY0CTpoBC.
21. rOpOl!. B bCJlbrllll. 22. nOJlYOCTpOB Ha oC1'ponc
XOHCIO, 5lnoHIIH. 23. rOP9A B HcnaHlIH Ha peKC Ll:Y3PO.
24. rOpOA Ha IOro-3ana.l\C ManpllTaHIIII. 25. ropol!. DO
237


<DpaHl.{IIII. 26. ropoJJ, Ha cesepc rpeUIlIf. 27. fopoJJ, Ha
ceBepe HpaHa. 28. EnliHHua al\MIIHHCTpaTIIBHOro JJ,CJlC-
!fIUI B HeKOTopblX C1'paHax. 29. 03CpO B 3<l)lfon II II , 113
KOTOporo BblTCKaCT fony6oH: HHJI. 3D. rOpOD; B HuoHHH,
pacnOJlOJl(CHHblH Ha OCTpOBC XOHCIO. 31. O.nHa H3 PCK,
Blla,naJOUlIIX B 03epO Q1\l\. 32. ropo.n: Ha ccsepc KlITan.
33. fiJlOCKOrOpbc B KHAP. 34. fopon. B bllPMC Ha pCKe
Kapanaall. 35. rOpell B MapoKKO. 36. A<pPIIKaHcKOc
rocYJJ,apCTBo. 37. [OPOA Ha ceBepe EypKIIHa-<Daco.
38. fOPOA B HurcpHu. 39. fiPllTOK peJaI Ky6aHb. 40. 06-
JlacTHoH: LlCHTp B POCCIIII. 41. fOPOD; lIa 3an1\l\e 3a1fpa.
42. PCKa B Typuu", fpY31IU II A3cp6aflJVKaHc. 43. rOpOll
B An>Kllpc. 44. fOPOA Ha CCBCpe Hllrepllll. 45. fiPJfTOK
pcKIl UlIIJlKa.
60_ rOJl080JlOMKG .AMepUKGHCKUe 03epa.
"
CCDcpHan AMcpllKa 3HaMClfH1a CBOIIMII 03cpaMU.
BcnoMHlITC Ha3Balflln ceMH 1f3 HIIX II BnllilllITC B CBo6ol!-
!ibJC KIlCTKH r0J10BOJlOMK1I.
238

Ha
IC-
113
[II,
:K,.
111.
KC
)C
O.
i-
a.
>.a
K
OTBETbl Ie z..aBe ..KpYZOCBemnOe
nymeUJeCmBue
I. ..Taillla$ TJlex oKeauoB
K ropII30HTaJlbHblM pruIa.M A TJIAHTH'KA, cBepxy BIIII3:
EanTlIltcKoc, MPllaTII'lCCKOC, J'lpJlaHJIcKoe, A30DCKOC,
MpaMoplloc, TltppellCKoe, JIIIIYPIIHCKOC, Kapll6cxoe, Eane-
apcKoc.
K ropll30HTaJlbHblM PruI3'1 THXI1f1 OKEAH, caepxy
BIIH3:
OXOTCKOC, <I>IIJ1JKH, XanbMaXepa, EepIlHfOBO, HOBoI1lH-
Hej:icKOe, Pocca, KOPaJl!10BOe, EeJIJIIIHCraY3clla, TacMaHoBO.
HnoHCKOC.
K fOpll30HTaJlbHblM PruIaM CEBEP, csepxy BIIM3:
KapcKoe, fpellllaHJICKOC, HopBeJKCKoe, JIanTeBblX, 00-
peHlleBO.
2. Onpe.rl.eJJHTe Mapwpyr
npe.nnaraeM DaM BWj:iTII B MOpe 'lepe3 npo1lIlB.l1:PEflKA,
33TCM, D:BllfMCb B,lI01lh 6epefOBOH JlIIHH" IO)I(HOit AMepIlKII,
OK33aTbCJI Ha npocropax OKeaHa; 'lepe3 .l1:ATCKI1f1 npo-
JIMB BOHT>! B HOPBE)KCKOE MOpe, nOTOM 'Iepe3 JIA-
MAHIIJ. fM6PAJITAPCKMfI np01lllB Boj:irn B np01lllB
60C<tJOP II JUlIIHyrbC1I K 6epcraM KPbIMCKOrO nonyoCT-
pOBa.
Ha'laJlbHIIK 3KCnCD:l11l1111 nC1pOB.
3. BIlKTopllUa-611HI\ ..A1lTapK11l.D.a$
I. AMYH.D.CCH. 2. HCT. 3. IO)j(Hbrif n01lIOC. 4. -89.C.
5. nllllmHH. 6. Co6aKII. 7. P06cpTa CKOTIa. 8. 3pe6yc.
9. HCT. 10. MOTOliapTbl, JlOll/1U:lII, JlhDKH.
4. feorpacIJlI'IeCK3J1 IIrpa ..Or K /1.0 K$
I. KYK. 2. KOpK. 3. KYPcK. 4. KOIOKYK. 5. I0lpOBCK.
6. KnIU10BCK. 7.l0lcc1IeBcK. 8. KpaMaTOpCK. 9. KpaCIIOBOD:CK.
10. Ka\lCHHoroPCK. 11. KpacHoypanbCK. 12. KpacH03l1a-
MeliCK.
5. BIIKToplllia ..ABcrpanllll$
1. IO)j(IIb1H. 2. KpaiiHHSl 1O)I(IIali TO'lKa - MbiC 10ro-
BOCTO'lliblii; KpaiiHSlSl CCBCpHM 1'O'iKa - MblC flOPK; Kpal!lIJm
BOC1'O'IHM TO'lKa - MblC 6aiipoH; KpaifHSl1l 3an3.ll.llM TO'lKa-
239


MbiC Cnm-nOHIiT. 3. EOJ1bll/ofi EapbCpHl>lH pll<p. 4. A6eJ1b
TacMali. 5. .LbKei\Mc KYK. 6. EOJlbll/oii BOnop a3 .nCJ1bHbIH
xpc6eT. 7. UCIiTpanbHaJl HII3MCHHOCTb. 8. BbICOKOC. 9. CcDe-
pO- 3ana nllblC BCTpbL 10. fopa KOClllOllJKO BblCOTOH
2228 MCYpOB. II. OCTPOD HOBlIII fDI1HCJI. 12. KpIiKII. 13. PCKa
Myppci\ II npIlTOKJJ:apJlllllr. 14. 03CPO 3tip. 15. AncYpanlli\-
CKI1ii COJ03. 16. CKp36. 17. EXIIJIHa, yrKOHOC. 18. Koana.
19. Kcmypy.20. KaH6cppa. 21. nplIMCpliO 15,5 MJ1H. 'JCJlO-
BCK.
6. 'laiiJlBoP.n feorpa4JIIII Jla H»
I. Haa)f(IIH. 2. Ha13Hlali. 3. HaIlKIIH. 4. HalibRlIH.
5. HaHbIiIlH. 6. HaHbTYH. 7. HaHb'IaH. 8. HaHb'JYH. 9. Hapblll.
10. HC)f(IIII. II. HCJ1bCOH. 12. HCMaH. 13. HCYKcli. 14. Hq>nKI1H.
7. 'laiillBoPA ABcrpaJlIIII»
I. Epyc. 2. CIIllHCH. 3. HOpK. 4. KaH6cppa. 5. A.I.1cJlallJla.
6. APHCMJlCIIll. 7. JJ:apBI1H. 8. HbJOKacll. 9. lIcoHopa.
8. BJiKTOpJllla-6.nJlQ dOH<HaJI AMepJlKa&
I. npOJlIIB)J,pcHKa. 2. Epa3I1J1bCKOeTc'Jclllle. 3. ATaK3Ma.
4. MCAHbIC. 5. nllpallbll. 6. EY:lHoc-Ai\pcc. 7. nClle.
8. ApreliTllHa. 9. .Lr.a. 10. KpY3Ctipo. II. ATllaHTI1'ICCKIIH
OKcali. 12.1I11CTbll KOKII. 13. naHaMCKl1ti KaHan. 14. Epa311-
lIIia. 15. ncpyaHcKOC Te'ICHlle. 16. AliaKolUla. 17. Epa31UlIIII.
18.NIXCllb. 19. KOJIII6plI. 20. MapaaoHa. 21. liyap. 22. T,1XIIH
OKcaH. 23. BIIKTOpIlJl-perlla. 24. CYpayc HalUlY. 25. CllOMaH
Tonop.
9. nJlpaTclme. IIIICbMO
...Ccron:IIJI Hall/a ll/XYHa OT<IaJlllJla OT MbiCA JJ:E)!(HE-
BA II lIanpaBllJlaCb B EEPHHfOB nPOlIHB. Hall/ nYTb
lle)f(IiT 'JCpC3 npOlIHBbi UYfAPY, KOPEHCKHH, TAH-
BAHbCKHH, KAPHMATA II MAKAPCKHH. MblnOJ1)f(Hbi
lIa6paTbCJI CHJ1 II TepnCHHJI, 'IT06bl ncpccc'lb npoCTOpbl
OKcalia 11 Boi\rn B MAfEJIlIAHOB nrOlIHB, KOHC'JHOii
llClllI Hall/Cro nllaBamUl. Hac )t(Ayr... 6oraTcTDa...
nplI pacwlllj)pOBKC 3TOro mlCbMa HyJI(lIO nOJli>30DaTbCH
PyCCKl1M aJllj)aDIlTOM, rn:c 6YKDbl npollYMcpoBallbl no nopll,/(-
KY: A-I, 6-2, B-3 liT. n.
10. tlaiillBopn dOH{llaH AMepHKa,.
L AlIla3011Ka. 2. ApreHTlllla. 3. ACYHCbOH. 4. HCHna.
5. ApyaliaH. 6. HaTan. 7. JlIIMa. 8. ApcKllna. 9. Apl1Ka.
240

Ib
II!
10. Aparya. I L AKoHKarya. 12. ATaKaMa. 13. AIITo<paraCTa.
14. Allxenb.
11. 'laiillBopA «CTOmll\bl MHpa"
L BalilIlIlITOII. 2. Hal!p0611. 3. McnaMa6a.l\. 4. ,l.{aMaCK.
5. KamaJJa. 6. A.IDK>lp. 7. PUM. 8. Ma.npu.l!. 9. ,l.{Ylilall6e.
10. EpenaH. II. HIIKOCHII. 12. 5JMYCYKpO. 13. OrruBa.
14. AHKapa. 15. AlI.I\oppa. 16. Alilxa6a.n: 17. }.{yt5mllJ. 18. Hy-
aKliJOT. 19. T6I11lHc>I.
12. BIlKTopHlla-6nHl\ «no CTpailaM H KOHTI1I1CIITaM"
L Pynml. 2. 8MY. 3. AnlOc<pepa. 4. MU'lllran. 5. npo-
Mllnne. 6.AMa30HKa. 7. Ponep.o.aM. 8. «MKapyc» 9. Mll)1.el!Ubl.
10. CY3UK>lii. I L 8Ma.na. 12. Pyp. 13. bonee 5 Mllnnuap.o.OB
'lenOBCK. 14. A.HTapKTH.l!a. 15. rpallYc. 16. Yp6aH>l3aU>lII.
17. 1492 ro.o.. 18. BaTIIKall. 19. Ceyn. 20. bYMepanr.
13. fonOBOnOMKa «feo[pacJtll'leCKaH apHcJtMeTHKa"
I. McnaMa6a.n. 2. ,l.{JKaKapTa. 3. 6aHfKOK. 4. ,l.{enll.
5. ,l.{aMacK. 6. Ynall-baTOp. 7. XaHol!. 8. Ka6yn. 9. ,l.{oxa.
10. AMMall.
14. 3HaKoMbTCCb - WTaTbl CIllA
I. Ap>l30Ha. 2. HeBa.na. 3. OperOH. 4. Mlllaxo. 5. ApKaH-
3ac. 6. MOHTaHa.
IS. KpOCCBOp.o. «BoKpyr CBeTa"
no lopll30Hmanll: I. KaTap. 6.IOT>lKa. 7. Kant;a. 8. KapTii.
10. Jlyapa. II. 6YT311. 15. Mappa. 16. TaxaT. 17. napllJK.
18. 6eH!lH.
no 8epmUKanll: I. Pa6aT. 2. baHKaJJ. 3. OrraBa. 4. AKHTII.
9. rallTll. II. 6cpmlH. 12. HltaMel!. 13. ,l.{aKap. 14. Ka.n>lc.
16. BHKToplllla «BOKpyr CBCTa" (u t1wymKy, u t1Cepbe:J)
L B Al!CTpaJl>lll, lOJKlfol! AMep>lKe, lOJKHoll A<ppuKe.
TaM 3TIf MCCSlUbi cooTBeTcTBYIOT HalilllM oceHHuM; IIMCHHO
B :no IJpeMSI - coop ypO)!(8I1.
2. 0311Mall nlilell>lua l! C>l611plf lJoo61lle He paCTCT,
nOTOMY '!TO TaM lIerny6oK>lH CHeJKHblr, nOKpoB >I CTOIIT
CHnbHble MOp03bl. Ee noceBbl npOCTo-nanpoCTO IJblMep3l1yr.
3. ::ho MopcKall YMepeHllaSI B03llYlilHall Macca. B nCTHee
BpeMSI OHa np>lHOCIlT OCa.nKH II BII)1.C .o.O)f(,W! >I o61llce noxono-
.o.aHlle, 3UMOr, - orrenenll U .o.OBonbHO o611nbHble cllerona.nbl,
'laCTO cOnpOIIO>KLlaeMble .l\O)!(JleM.
4. KOIIC'lIlO, HeT! Cller, nC>Kallllfl! Ha ropHblX Beplil>lH3X,
II
a
I.
241

roBOpllT OTHIOAb lie 0 CTapOC'fIi rop, a lIao60poT - 06 HX
MOnO.l\OCTIf. Ca'>lblMII )f(C CTapblMII Y'laCTKaM>I 3eMJIK C'lHTa-
IOTCH IIMCIIIIO nnaT4>opMhl, TO eCTb paBH>llIhl. CnOBaTCnb-
110, BoCTO'lIlO-EBponerICKaH paBHHlla CTaplllC rop KaDKa3a.
5. B :JTOM CJJY'Iae &(0)1(110 COpllCHTllpOBaTbCH no .lI.IOlIaM:
Y Hm naJJeTpcIIHblH CKIIOH HBnHCTCJI no.norIlM, a nO.lUlCTpCH-
lI!>lrl - 06PblBIICTbll!,
6. J].a, TaKOH .l\O)f(,Qb IUtCT B nYCTblIJe Caxapa. TaM BJlaf3
IIC BOCTMfaCT nOBepXHOCTM 3CMJlH H HCnapJlCTCJI B cyxO&!
rop!l'lC&! so:myxe.
7. nalIIp - HaJBaHHe rop - nepeBO.llHTCH lIa pyccKJliI
Sl3b1K KaK «Kpblllla Ml1pa».
8. KOHC'lHO, CCTb. STo MIIKpOTOCyl!apcrBa, B COCTaB
KOTOpblX BXO.llHTTOm.KO OBHH roPOl! (HanpIIMep, Call-MaplI'
HO).
9. HODaJI 3eMJIJl.
10. JIOKO.n MO)l(CT npoAm - H npoxOlllfT! - 'lepe3
npOJlIIB KapcKlle BOpOTa.
II. HCB03MO)l(II0 nOJUlOSIcaTbCH reorpa4>II'leCKHM no-
JlCO&!.
12. Cella - COHa - POlla.
13. TOK>lO - KHOTO.
14. HanllM - MWlaH.
15. .M"CCllcHnll.
16. DOCTOII.
17. nOl!BOBHbll! Xpe6CT IIMCII" .floMoHocoBa. A BOT cro
MCCTOII3XO)K,l(ellIlC onpCIleJ\lITCcaMII, BOCnOnb30BaBllIHCb J(ap-
wI!.
18. EpelJaH - BCHepa.
17. BIIIITOpllHa «no CoC.l\HUellHblM mTaT3M AMepHKH1>
I. STo fiennoYCToHCKIiH lIa\.l>lOllaJIbHblrl napK. 3J1CCb
o 1872 ro.l\Y 6blJ1 C03Jlall ncpDblH B lIIpC 3anOIJCl!HHK.
HaJBalllloC MeCTO 113BCCTHO CBOIIMII reii3cpaMIf II pa311006pa-
3HCM JKlIlJOTIIOro Mllpa.
2. «TpCTbIlM OKCaIlOI1> HaJblDalOT BeJ\IIKlfC aMCp>lKaHC-
J(HC 03epa. 011" >IMCIOT O'lCllb lJaJKHOe TPallcnopYlIOC 3Ha'le-
IIlfC. npo>lCxo)f(,Qcmle HX HaJBaIlHI! CBS/3a1l0 C «IIMCna\lll1>
JlJl)1.ciicKIfX nneMCH, KOma-TO )l(IIBWIIX B OKpeCTtIOCT!lX Ka)K-
.l\oro 03Cpa. CaMoe 6oJlbwOC H3 mIX - 03Cpo Bcpxllcc (no
242

IX
1-
pa3MCpaM YCTylIaeT nlllllb Kacnmo), a caMOC ManCHbKoe _
60nblllC KpynllCI!WCro B E8ponc .flanO}\(CKOro 03epa.
3.CeToIl- TomcoH.
4. 3roTaK H83b1BaeMaHl{omlHa CMcprn B KanIl4>opHIIH,
HBnHIOUtaHCH HamlOHaJlbHblM napKOM.
S. jj'6noHII, P33JIH'lHbIC BKJ1.bII1HTpYCOBlxX, Ko4Je, IJwe-
/fH.
6. OH pacnonaraeTCH B roPOlI:C MH"Nen. OTKpbIT B 1909 r.
no apxlfTCKTYPc 3TO .o.ODonbHO CTpatllfOc COOP}'}KeHIIC: CMecb
crapoA }'KpaIlHCKOI! MaJaHlGI co CPCI\HCBeKOBbiM 3aMKOM.
7. B AMcplIKe Boo6w.e /feT COnOBbeB, a BOT 'lcpeM)'Xa
paCTeT npeKpaCHO.
8. nO.nconHe'lHIIK, 4laconb, nepel.[, KaKso, ITOMll.Ilop,
KaPTo4Jenb, Ta6aK, KYKYPY3a.
9. TaKaMepllKaHl.[bl H83hlBalOToeKBOA/f, paClyU.me TOnb-
KO B AMepIIKC.
10. B CeHT-JIYHoe.
II. TaK aMeplIKaHl.[bl .no CIIX nop BCnll'laJOT OO.nllTCnel!
rpY3oBIKOB. ncpeB03Hll!IIX rpY3bl /fa BeCI-Ma OT.QaJIcHlIbie
paCCTOHlIIIH. ,C(eno B TOM, 'ITO 3TH 1lI01jJePbI TaK}\(e nlO6HT CBOll
MaWIIHbl, KaK KOB6011 - CBOIIX nOlliallcA. '
18. l'onoBonOMKa «l'eorpa$H'IeCKaH "lcxap.o.a.
B "MarH'leCKOM. Kpyre, nepenphlrH8a.<1 'lCpe3 6YKBY,
'lIfTaC&!: AMcplIKa, AlIIH, cBpona, ABCTpanIlJl, A<PPHKa, TO
eCTb y Hac nOnY'lllnJlCb 1I83BaHIIH MareplIKOB M>lpa. Cnc.o.o-
BaTCJlbHO, B :lTOM PM}' HC XSaTaCT ell!C OlI:Horo "IIMeHH» _
AHTaPKTlW.a.
19. l'eorpacpH"leeKHC no.nCK83KH
a) KHnp.
6)MeKoHr.
20. "laiill80p.o. «CeBepHaR AMepHKa..
I. <I>noPlW.a. 2. AMapHll1lo. 3. OTTaua. 4. A!\.Qaxo.
S. OHTaPIIO. 6. OperOH. 7. HcnbCOH. 8. HawBHM. 9. JIa66oK.
10. Konopa.n.o. II. Or.o.cH. 12. He6pacKa. 13. ATa6acKa.
14. ApKaH3ac. 15. CaKpaMeHTo. 16. OKJIetUl.
21. KPOCCBOPJJ. «llYTeweCTBuelO
no ZOpIl30HmoJ/lI: S. KopeR. 6. EyrsH. 7. Ko6pa. 8. Een1l3.
9. TplleCT. 12. 6a.nxaw. 16. JIIIBaH. 17. I1tU1I1H. 18. JIll MO}\(.
19. KOpaT.
243


floecpmUKonu: L Konoll. 2. EeI!PYT. 3. KYDeIT. 4. napllJK.
10. Pllra. 1 L Cella. 12. EpalilOB. 13. WaIlIlOIi. 14. JlHDHII.
15. EHcay.
22. BIIKTOpIl1l8-6nllll «noroBoplIM llCMlloro 0 1Inolllill
IIlInOHQax»
1. 1InOHl.lbl. 2. AMaTcpacy. 3. EYJIJIIl3M. 4. EycJUJ.o.
5. XpHcTlIsncTBo. 6. KaTaKHYTH. 7. UYKHMIf. 8. TaTaMII.
9. fopll'lYIO BO.o.y. 10. TIICHU,Y. 11. Hunnoll llJUI Hllxoll.
12. EOllcaH. 13. XOIICIO. 14. XIIKaplI - CBeT. 15. Cannopo.
16. KYllalilHpCK>lll. 17. PHCOBO.o.CTBO. 18. C>lHTOI13M. 19. Ca-
Mypall. 20. .1131011C>I. 21. XanaMII. 22. IOK>lMII. 23. TOKQIIOMa.
24. C3I1TO. 25. KO.o.3I1K>I. 26. XaclI. 27. He JKMYT PYKlf .o.Pyr
.o.pyry. 28. JlanepY3a. 29. KIIOTO. 30. <I>y.o.3>1I1!o1a, cc BbjCOTa-
3776 M.
23. rOJlOBOJlOMKa .focy.o.apCTBa EBponhl»
I. s) fpelUlH, 6) WBCU,IIH, B) <J>paIlUIIII.
2. a) WDCI1UaplIlI, 6) EonrapHII, B) ADCTpHII, r) BellrplU!.
3. a) BeJUIKo6puTamlll, 6) fepMall>lll, D) PyMblllllll,
r) AJ16atlllll,.o.) HcnaHIIII.
24. 'laihIBop.o. .reO[pacJtllll 118 A»
1. A6a. 2. A6eoKYTa. 3. ArapTIlJ1a. 4. Arpa. 5. Malia.
6. A.o.J1s. 7. AncJlaltl!a. 8. MJKSllTa. 9. Anbl'la. 10. AHOBa.
I L AKa6a. 12. AKIlTa. 13. AKKpa. 14. Ana6aMa. 15. Ana.n)!(a.
16. Anra. 17. Anb6epTa. 18. AnbMa. 19. AnllcKa. 20. AMa30IIKa.
21. AMCp>lKa. 22. AIIsKJma. 23. A<PPIIKa.
25. BIIKTOplllla-6R1Il.l .Bonpoc - OTBCT»
L fopa KYKa. 2. Tllrp. 3. YpyrBall. 4. KopcHKa. 5. A6cnb
TscMaH. 6. fananaroc. 7. CI1J!lIeii H Mcnb6YPH. 8. B o3epo
'la.l\. 9.JJlO6nllna. 10. Es6-3nb-Mall.l\e6cK>lii. 11. Ea<P<PIIllOoa
3CMJlII. 12.IOKaTaH II Kaml<popmlll. 13. naplfJK. 14. An6aHIIII.
15. fyallKHnb. 16. CBIITOroJlaBpelinlH. 17. fopa MaK-KHlIJI>I.
18. Cpe.o.>I3eMHoc.
26. ronoBonoMKa .rpe'lCCKlle oCTpoBa»
OC - XIIOC, CllpOC, napoc, Jlcc6oc, AII.o.poc.
HOC - TIIIIOC, K>lTlIOC, CJI(lmoc, Jlemoc, M>lKOIiOC.
27. 'laHllBOP.o. .PeKII Mllpa»
1. KOTTO. 2. OpHIiOKO. 3. OKa. 4. Anrapa. 5. Anbl'la.
. 6. AMa3011Ka. 7. A6sKaH. 8. Hill!. 9. Jlena. 10. A.ru1s11.
] 1. Hllrcp. 12. POfJa. 13. AMYp. 14. Pell1. 15. Ha.nblM.
244

16. Mau",'l. 17. llYJlbIM. 18. MocKBa. 19. Anypc. 20. EB$paT.
21. Tu6p. 22. POOHOK. 23. KOtlm. 24. OraflO. 25. OJl6atlll.
26. MpTblill. 27.'WUJlKa. 28. Alula. 29. ATa6acKa. 30. ApKatl-
3ac. 31. CaCKa'lCBau. 32. HcnbCOti. 33. HCMaH. 34. HapM3.Qa.
35. AM6cPToti. 36. HCBa. 37. APfYtlb.
28. PeoycbI «Yra.u.aii, KTO II H r.o.e 1KHBY.
1. JICtI>lIJCU, lOJKtlSR AMcpllKa. 2. )!(>Ipa$, A.pp>lKa.
3. Cnotl, A$PIlKa. 4. C>lHllfl KIlT. 5. nllllfBIIH, AHTaPKTlW.s.
6. Kenrypy, ABCTpanIlSi. 7. CTpayc, ABCTpanIlH. 8. Bcp6J1IO.Q.
29. KPOCCBOPII.-aHarpaMM8
L 'PHM. 2. POHa. 3. OpCK. 4. KaTap. 5. nCK>lII. 6. OCRO.
7. EpCBSti. 8. Ka6yn.
B BbI.l\CJlCHlIblX KJlCTKax CROBa MOCT + KOPA = KOC-
TPOMA.
30. fonOBOnOMK8 «Xpe6Tbl, ropbl H I1JIKH,.
Anbn.., AH.o.bI, TII6cT, ATnac, nSM>lp, Ypan, TaxaT,
6pyc, AlITaii.
31. Kpocc-'lafuIBOP.o. «BHTOK BOKpyr 3eMJlII.
I. TYIl>lc. 2. CoKOTpS. 3. AIIJIJKan. 4. JIaoc. 5. Caxaps.
6. AKOJ1a. 7. AAIS30tlKa. 8. MaT. 9. TpOIIUK. 10. KSHa.na.
I L AnllaH. 12. H>larapa. 13. AKa6s. 14. Alotl. 15. Hcnan.
16. JIecOTO. 17. OKJICH.l\. 18. ,l.{anoa.
32. IIPOHBII CMeK3JJK)'
1.J>lTaTb lIyJKHO OT IJbUlenCtlHoii 6YKBbI, «ncpcnpblfIlDSR»
'lCpC3 o.o.lIY 6YKIJY. B IITore nonY'lSeTCH: 6pa3HnllH, ncpy,
ApfCIIT>lHa, rB>laHS, YpyrBal!.
33. BHKTopH"a-onllJ «CaMoe-caMoe....
1. EBpa3>1R, cc nJlOll\a.o.b (BKJlIO'laR oCTpoBa) _
54 900 000 KM 2 . .
2. ApalJlliicKHH nonyoCTpOD, em IUlOll\3.Qb - 3 000000 KM2.
3. rpCUJJallJllIR (nnOll\3.Qb - 2 175 600 KM2).
4. Caxapa (nnOll\3.Qb - 7 000 000 KM2).
5. CCIJCPtiaH OKOHC'ltIOCTb oCTpolJa OllaK, 83'40' c. ill.
6. n06CpCJKbC MCPTBoro MOpH, 402 MCTpa HlIJKC ypoBHR
MOpR.
7. BYJlKau KIIJIIIMaH.lJ.JKSpO, CfO BbiCOTa - 5895 M.
8. ,l.{JKOMonYHrta (3IJCPCCT), BbiCOTa 8848 M.
9. PaiioH mpo.o.a TpunOJ1I1. B 1922 f. 3spcmcTpllpODSHa
TCMncpsTypa +58'C.
r
245


-.,
10. nYCTbltUI ATaKa;\la B IO)I(HOH Ailtep>lKe.
I L faBal!cKllc OCTPQBa, MaKCllMaJlbHOC i-opoDoc KOJIII'IC-
CTBO O<:aJI.KOB - 144 000 M\t.
12. HIIJI. ero JI,1lIlHa - 6671 KM.
13. E3ccerIH peK11 AMa30HKII C WlOa,nblO 0 6 91 5 000 KM>
14. Kacn>lijcKOC MOpe WlOanblO 371 000 KM>.
IS. EaiiKaJJ, ero my6>1H3 1620 M.
16. Bopona,n AHXCJlb; BblCOTa naneH>lSI BO.llbi - 1054 M.
17. MdpllaHcKlotii JKeJl06 rny6I1Hol! 11 022 M.
18. <I>l\JmnnllHCKoe Mope WlOanblO 5 726 000 M> .
19. Tllxtl! OKeaH, cro WlOa,nb - 178684000 M'.
20. HaY-11IM craHUIotSI BOCTOK» B AHTapKTlJI.c. B 1983 r.
:uJ:CCb 3apernCTpllpOBalla TCMnepa-rypa -89.2°C.
34. IlaiillBOp.ll «reorpacJtll'leCKOe K,.
I. Ka,nbSlK. 2. KaJJlI6eK. 3. KaJIa'II!HcK. 4. Kar.teHlloropCK.
5. KaMbl3HK. 6. KaHCK. ,7. Ka0Jl3K. 8. Kapa61OK. 9. KapacYK.
10. K3pmmcK. 1 L KaTal!cK. 12. KcpManeK. 13. KHMODCK.
14. KIIPKYK. 15. KnCUK. 16. KJIIIMOBCK. 17. KyrcK.
35. fOJloBOJloMl(a 3a6aJ1l1aR .-eorpacJtHH"
I. EPEMA - ropo.ll B C1I611pll, pacnOJlOJKellHbl1! Ha peKe
HIotJKHJlH TYHrycKa. 2. EPWOB - ropo.ll 0 CapaToBcKoii
06J1aCTII. 3.JIAPMCA - ropo.ll B f peUIotIl. 4. M - pCKa Ha lOre
BOCTO'lHOii C>l6upll. S. OE - npUTOK pCKII CeHbl. 6. OW -
roPO.ll B KHprIl3CTaHe. 7. JIM - peKa B Mpn311J1.1ot1l. 8. EOP-
ropo.ll B HIIJKeropo.llCKOH o6lJ3CTI1 Ha peKC Bonra. 9. no -
pCKa na ceBcpe MTamm. 10. JIYfA - pCKa Ha ceBcpo-3ana.ae
eBponcikKoii '13CTII Poccm. II. MY - pCKa IJ EUpMC.
12. KYPfAH .. roPO.ll Ha peKe To60Jl. 13. AWA - ropo,l( B
1.JclJH6>1HCKOH o6nacTiI. 14. rA51 - ropO,l( B MH.llH>I, WTaT
EJlxap. IS. MM - pCKa B EllpMe. 16. MOP - roPO.ll BO
ct>panulUl. 17. BA - roPO.ll Ha CCBcpO-3ana,ne fallbl.
36. rOpH30HT3Jlbllbie PR.ahl dO>KHaJI AMep>lKa..
L na-ryc. 2. JI>lMa. 3. MCTa. 4. foplI. S. Kaml. 6 KYCKO.
7. nacTO.
37. MaJleliblOlM 'laI'tIlBOp.ll feOfPacJtllR lIa 0»
L OBbe.llo. 2. Oraiio. 3. O.llIlHUOBO. 4. OHero. 5. Opypo.
6.0cno.
38. rOJlOBOJlOMKa .reOfPacJtHR B... reOfPacJtllH"
LABCTPaJJM. 2. BOJIof.nA. 3. KAM'IATKa.4. TOMCK..
246

S. TYJIy3A. 6. HOBOcIl6I1PCK. 7. HH.l!.HJI. 8. Hopl1AHH.
9. HH.l!.OHC3MR 10. 6oJ1HBH.
39. 'laHHBop.o.-CJlOBOIKJIF «(A)macBO DOCJJOIlHQe.
I. KWH. 2. HillIlM. 3. Mllpa. 4. Ap.o.a. S. AMa. 6. AI1yp.
7. Tpya. 8. HOTa. 9. POtla. 10. Pa6a. II. A6plI. 12. KHplI.
40. I'OJlOllO.llOMIKJI «OrwDlH Jl33B8lUUl.
I.JI -ropo.!! tlaceoepo-3ana.a.e 6enapyclI. 2.JIEHA-
pcKa B BOCTo<mOrl CII6HpIl. 3. HlI.A - /'Opa Ha 0C1l>OBC
KP>lT. 4. HHJI - pCKa B A4>PHKC. S. qMTA - LleHTp
lJlITlltiCKOI! 06J1aCTII. 6. JIHBH - rocy.o.apcTBO tla CCBCpe
A4>PHKII. 7. N1AHA - /'opo.o. tlB lOre TYPLlIIII. 8. MAHH-
JIA - CTOJlIILlB <t>IIJlllnnllll. 9. KOTA - ropo)] B HU)]IIII,illTaT
P8ltJKaCTXati.
41. KpoCCBOp.o.-aHarpaMMa
I. Hesa. 2. naM>lp. 3. HpaK. 4.l1aKKa. S. raHa.
B BepTIIKaJlbllOii K0J10tlKC: eapatl - Hapsa.
42. l'ollOBOJlOMKa «lIaiiJl,H MeHJI!.
I. JIHMOH - nopT B KOCTa-PIIKC. 2. A6P" - ropo.o.
B CYliaHe, KOC - OCTpOB B Cpc.o.II3C&IIIOM &IOPC. 3. KOPO-
ropo.o. B Bctlec}'3J1c, BA - ropo)] B I'atlc. 4. JIAHMA - ropo)]
B CIlIA. S. 6PYC - /'opa B ABCTPMIIII. 6. nHJ1A - ropo.o. B
nonbillC. 7. JlOnATKA - MbiC tla lOre KaWIaTKH. 8. PO-
MAH - /'opo.o. B PYM bltl >I II. 9. OMO - pcKa IJ 3q!llonllll.
10. JIYK - /'opo.o. B COMMII. II. rOPH - MblC IOJKHol!
AMCpllKII. 12. Y)J( - npllToK l1t1enpa, YKpalltia. 13. nYill-
Kill! - /'opo.o. IJ JIetlllHrpa.aCKol! 06J1acTII. 14. TETEPEB _
pcKa IJ YKpaHtic. 15. -ME.lJ:BE.lJ:HUA - npllTOK lI.otla.
43. MIIIIH-KPOCCBOP)] «l'eorpa4>lI'/eCKHe OaJIHlVQlOMbI.
flo Zopll30Hmanu: I. AHtia. 3. Y.o.y. 4. MKII. 8. Ycy.9. "nil.
flo eepmllKonu: 1. Anyna. 2.AHIIHa. 3. Yxy. 5. HMII. 6. Cyc.
7. HIIH.
44. BHKTOpHHa «BOKpyr CBCTa.
I. lI.cl!CTBIITCnbHo, 3eMJ1J1 B Te'lCHlle CyYOK BpalJ.\aCTCJI
.o.080nbtlO tlCpaBtiOMCpno: CyrKII 6bIBalOT TO .1lIU1t1t1CC, TO
KOpO'lC. A 3aBIICIIT 3TO, no MHCIIIlIO y<lCHblX, OT o6naKoB
COJ1He'lHol! IlJI83MbI, KOTOpblC ofuJanalOT co6c-rBcBHblMII Ma/'-
HIIT1ibl&1II nOnJlMII, B3aIlMOllcI!CTBY/OIl{II&1II C Mal'HHTllbiM
nOlleM Haillcl! 3CMJ1I1. 3TH 06naKa &101"yT npoJ1CTaTb HRH
'-'06roHSlJI. HaillY llJIallcry, HIlII "OTCTaBWI. or Hce. B ncpBOM
247
...10.......--

cJI}"Iae B03HllKalOT CllJlbl, KOTOpble 3aMC.1lIU1IOT Dpall\eHIIC
HaWer, nJlaHCTbl, 130 IJTOpOM - YCKOpIiIOT.
2. He CTOIIT rOBop>lTb CTOJlb KaTCrop>l'UlO. BCJlb nOJlS!p-
Hble nmHlI1I MOJKHO Ha6moJ\aTb HC TonbKO Ha ceBepe, HO II Ha
lOre. TlpaDJla, He TaK '1aCTO. HanpllMCp, ,no IIBJICHlle DlUl.eJlII
13 KpblMYIJ 1938, 1940, 1941111943 roJiax. B aDrycTe 1941 rOJ\a
cm Ha6J1lOJ\aJJlI JlaJKe 0 pal!olfe AIlMa-ATbI. H yJK '1TO COIJCCM
YJI>lB>lTCJIbHO, nOJlS!pHoe CIIS!H>lC DlUl.eJlII Y 3KBaTopa. 31'0
CJI}"IIUlOCb 25 IIlmapli 1909 r.
3. KOHe'lHO, MOJKeM. npOCTO CHern AmapKTltl\bl CHoaa
OTpaJKalOT B OKpYJKalOll\ee npocrpaHCTBo 92% 3TOro TCnJla.
4. KpynHer'W>lM ropHblM MaCC>lBOM Ha 3eMJle C'I>lTaIOTCS!
fliMaJJall. ECJlII 6bl 3TY ropllylO cllcTeMY nepeMccTIITb 13
EBpony, TO OHa nponltlYJlaCb 6bl OT AHm>l>l JlO 6eperoIJ
Kacmul. A CCJlII 6bl ::ITII ropbl MOJKHO 6b1J1o paJpoBHSlTb no
BCer, nooepxHocTII 3CMHoro wapa, TO ypOBCHb nO'lDbi nOBbl-
C>lJlCH 611 Ha 18-20 MeTpOIJ.
5. ,[{a, T3Klle nCCKII cYll\ecTBYIOT. OHII nOJi DJI>lIIIlIICM
JJCTp3 11..1>1 npll JlDIIJKellll1l no HIIM JKIIDOTHbiX II '1eJlOBCKa
IIII0rJla lIa'lIUlalOT 113.!\alJaTb 3IJYKII. KOHe'1lI0, >IX npaBIIJlbHee
6blJlO 6bl HaJblBaTb «3BY'lall\IIMII», TaK KaK OHII lie TonbKO
nOIOT, 110 II MOryr cKpllnCTb, CKpCJKCTaTb, .!\aJKe naSlTb.
KcraT>I, TaKlle neCKII CCTb Ha TeppllTop>l>l POCC>I>I (lla
KOJIbCKOM nOJlyOCTpOBe).
6. ,LI.ciiCTBIITenbHo, IJ nYCTbJlle Caxapa eJKerOJIHO OTMe'la-
CTCS! oKono 160 TbICH'I MllpaJKer,. OHII6blBalOTCTa61UlbllbIMII
II 6ny)!(.D.alOll\>IMII, BepTlfKaJJbHblMII II rOpIl30HTIIJ1bHbIMII.
ECJlII roBOp>lTb 0 ern61UlbHblX MllpaJK3X, TO omf .!\aJKe OTMe-
'1eHbl Ha cneUllaJJbHblX KapTaX, KOTOpblMII 06bl'lHO II PYKO-
BOJlCTBYIOTCH nyrellJCCTBeIllHlKII.
7. CaMb11! MOll\Hblr, apTC3>1aHCK>l1! KOJlo.!\eu pacnonarn-
eTCH BAnJKllpe (oa:mcTOJlbrn). np>l nOMOll\lIlIerOC my6>1HbI
B 63 Merpa BblKa'l>lBaCTCH 4 098 240 Be.!\cp OTn>l'lHOH IJO.!\bl
B.CyrK>I.
8. J1C.!\HIIK>I 3amlMalOT Ha HaWer, nnaueTe WlOll\Mb
paBHYIO 15693 256 KB. KM, TO CCTb 10% Dccl! 3eMliOH CYllJlI.
H3 mIx 0,5% np>lXOJlIITCIi Ha BbiCOKoropHl>le lJepllJllllbl,
a 99,5% - Ha nOJlHpHbie paHollbi.
9. Ha>l60JlbllJee 'UlCJlO rp030BbIX JlHel! 3apcnlc.pllpoaa-
248

HO }"ICHbIM>I tla OCTpOIJC 5JBa (220 .Qtlel! B ro.QY). 3aTo B llIYaTC
Ka.111$OptlIlSl, ClllA, rp03bl6blBalOT JUlllib pa3B.Qoa ro.o.a. Ho
EnmeT 6bCT IJce peKOp.QbI. TaM rp03bl cJI}"IalOTcSI pa3 B
200 neT. Er>lnTIIH>lU MOJKeT npOJKIITb BCIO JK1I311b, TaK H tiC
}'BH./1,CIJ 6necKa MOntl>l1l >I tiC ycnbIllIalJ paCKaTOB rpOMa.
10. OKa3hlBaCTC:II, eCTb tla 3clJIe pCKa, Koropall tlCCCT...
KIICJlylO BO.QY. 3TO 3J1b-pIl0-BHHerpe, '1TO B KonYM61111. OHa
npoTeKaeT B parlOlle .QCi1CTBYIOll\Cro BynKalla H n03ToMY ee
BO.Qbl ncpcllacblllieH bl CCptlol! II COnlitiOrl K>lCJlOTOI!. B Hel! tiC
BO.QIITCSI tI>I O.l\>It1 B1Jl. pbl6.
11. BO.Qona.a AtlXeJlb Ha peKe KapOHII IJ BeHecY3J1e -
catbli1 BblcOKlI1! IJ lMpc. BO.Qa na.aaeT C BbiCOTbi 1054 M.
KpoMe tlero CYllieCTBYIOT: Tyrena (peKa TYTcJla, A$pIKa),
MOCCMHTC (pcKa Mcpcc..l1 B ClllA), CaTCpneU./1, (pCKa APTYP,
HooaSl 3cJlau./1,>II1). BbiCOTa na.aCHIIII BO.Qbl COOTBCTCTBeHtlO:
933,727,580.
B PoCCIIII caMbl1! BbiCOKHI! BO.Qona.a «nponHCatl}) lIa
ceBcpO-OOCTOKe OCTpOBa MTYPyn B KYPllnbcKOrl rpSine. Otl
1I0CIIT rop.o.OC 11'>111 Mnbll MYPOMLla. BO.Qa na.aaCT C BblCOTbi
141 MeT}>.
]2. Aa, II TaKOC MeCTO CCTb. 31'0 tle60Jlbwoe 03epo tla
oCTpOIJC KHnb.QHII, KOTOpbll! pacnOJlOJKeti IJ 6apellUCBOM
Mope. B 3TOM 1J0..l10CMC BO.Qa .QeJ\IITCIl tla nSlTb cJloelJ. n CplJbll!
CJloii - npCCtlbll!, 06pa30BaOlllllriCli nocJlc Talltl>lSl Jlb.QOB.
BTOpo" - C 'Iyrb nO.l\COJlCHlIol! B0..l101!. Ero lIaCeJJilIOT MC.I\Y3b1
>I pa3JI>l'ltlbIC paKo06pa3t1blC. TpeTIli1 cnol! - MOpCKaII BO.Qa
C JK>lBYlliIlM>I 13 lie" ManCtlbKIIMII MOpCKIIMII pb16KaMH,
aKTHHlIlIMH II MOpCKHM>I 3Be3.QaMII. 1.J:CTOC[JTbll! CJJO" C Bonoil
KpaCtiOrO LlBCTa CJJYJKHT npllCTallllllieM.IIII1I M>lplla.aOB nypny-
pOBblX .6aKTcp>lrl. nllTbII! cno" MCpTIJ, TaK KaK ero 1J0.Qbl
tlaCblll\etlbl CCpoBO.QOpO.QOM.
13. JJ:a, II TaKOe MCCTO CCTb. OHO lIaxO.QlITCIl BOCTO'lIlCC
6epcroIJ <J>nopl-lLlbi (ATnaIlTII'ICCK>lrl OKcall) II npC.I\CTaOJJSlCT
c060rl }"IaCTOK .QIlaMCTpOM OKono 30 MeTpoo C npcclloii
BO.QOrl. OKa3blBaeTclI, 3.QeCb 113 Bna.aIlHbl 6bCT MOlliHblii
cpoliTati II .QOCTHraCT nOBCpXtlOCTH OKealia.
14. KOllC'ItJO. 31'0 KHreJJ>lSI, IIJIII «Kon6aclIoc" .QCpeBO,
KOTopoe paCTCT tla TeppHTopllH A$pHKII. npaB.Qa, cro nno.QbI
He CJIIIT, XOTII OHH no $opMe II tlanOM>llIalOT KOJJ6acy. 3aTo
249
...0.........-

113 HI{)( roTOB!lT pll31lll'lHblC nCKapcTBa II 113roraBnllBalOT
nocy.ny.
15. 3m IGlKTyc affl1allTC (waraIOW>lJI). OH JK>lDCT B
ncpyaHcKllx nYCTbIlliIX. BMCCTO KOpHCH Y ncro nO!lBHIlIICb
OTPOCflCII. YCC!lHllbIC OC'IpblMII IIrOnO'lKaMII. nCpcLlBllraeTCIl
IGlKTyc npll nOMOWH BeTpa, npll'lCM Ha 3l1a'lllTCnbllbie pac-
CTO!lIlIDI. npH 3TOM Otl n01l}"laCT nllWY lfe 113 rPYUTa, a 113
B03.nyxa.
16. TaKlle J1I1CIIUbI 0611TI11OT B H!iLI>lII. KOHC'lHO, PC'lb
If.QeT He 0 3HaKOMbiX J1CCllbiX 3Bep1lX, a 0 nCTy'lllx Mblwax
OfPOMHblX paJMCPOB. Hx KpbIJIbll B pa3Maxc OCT>lraIOT
nOJ1yropa MeTpOB.
17. flllPOXBOCT «nponllcalfa» B ABcrpanllH. Olla 3I1aMC-
1111TII TeM, 'lTO MOJKCT IICKllIO'lHTenbIlO TO'lIlO Bocnpoll3BeCTII
ronoca Bcex neCHbiX 06HTaTCncA.
18. CaMbiM IOJKllblM ropO.o.OM 3eMnll C'lllTalOT nYI1TII-
ApeHac, K01'oPbII! paCn01l0)f(CIf Ha lOre IlHIlII, lIa 6cpcry
MareJ1JJaHOBa nponllBa.
19. TOMY npllMcp TCppllTOp11l nOJ1bWII. B HCH CCTb
19nacencllllbix nYHKTOB C '<IIMCHeM» Kope!l, 18 - A\o!epIIKa,
13 - BCHrPIDI, 10 - A6I1CC>lII>I!l, 5 - 6pa3HIlIIII. 9 - Kalla,u.a,
2 - 60nraplI!l. 2 - KIITal1. KPOMC :noro B nonbWc CYWCCTBY-
lOT 21 Bapwaoa, bcJlrPM., 2 BaBHIlolfa, 4 npar>l. 4 KileDa,
7 BCIICUIII! II 8 AncKCaffl1pIA.
20. B CKalf.LI>lHaBIIH ropo.o.aMII C'lllTaIOTCII lIaCeJ1CHllbiC
nyHKTbl c naCeJ1eHIICM B 200-300 JKIITCJlCrl, B ClliA - 2500.
45. I'0J10BOJlOMKa «OKeaulIll»
PapoTollra, Kycallc, 6CHKCP, TepallHa, <I>J1>1HT, Ta>lTII.
HOIIaH Kanel1.01l1l1l.
46. KPOCCBOPlI: «no c-rpaDaM H KOllTIIIIClITaM»
flOzopu30HmQ//U: 5. MHJlaH. 6.llIlIpaJ. 7. flll6>1L 8. CCJlaM.
9. ClllUIJ1l1ll. 11. KaH. 14. 6Y3YJ1y!<. 17. Ellpao. 18. TOKHO.
19. H1Il160. 20. .aaHHH.
no eepmUKonu: 1. KWJJlc. 2. HaUl6>1!l. 3. J1116eP>lIl.
4. Mapaw. 5. Hllwanyp. 1.2.J],ywall6e. 13. Mypopall.15. fllplIH.
16. BIIT>lM.
47. 'laiiIlBOp.lI.I>I-KDpOTbDlIKH
1. JJ.y6J1I1I1. 2. Kna.nIlO. 3. 6apcenona.
250
-

IIOT
48. fOnOBOnOMKa.Or" JJ.O 11&
MH.lUUI, MTaJlWI, MCnaHWI, MpJlaH.!ll1Sl, MCIlaH.!lIUI, Mop-
.:IaHHSI, MIIJl.OHC3HSI.
49. fOpH30lITanbHbie pHJl.b1 .OC'I]JoBllble rocy.nspcns&
L MaBpIlKHH. 2. fpcHa.u.a. 3. Tyo3JIY. 4. <1>HnHnnll-
Hbl. 5. KHnp. 6. MHJJ.OHC311S1 7. Ky6a. 8. Haypy. 9. <1>IIJI)I;1I
10. MalIbTS.1 L McnaHAHSI. 12. TOHra. 13. MpJlaHJJ.IUI.
14. RnoHHSI.
B oCPTHKanbHoH KonOHKC 'IIITaCM: BenHK06pIlTaHIiSi
50. Kpoccaop.ll. .feorps4IfI'IecKHe ua.llH1\llJlOMbI&
no lopU30Hmanu: 3. TaxaT. 4. A6a. 5. Auia. 7. ABa. 8. Ana
no eepmUKGnU: I. KaHaK. 2. KaBaK. 4. AJlJI.a. 6. Acca
51. Kpoccsop.ll. .33J1HBbI CpeJJ.H3eMlloro MOpSlO>
naKoHHKoc, KOPHHCPCKHH, BancHcIIHcKIII!. CllJlpa, .'111
OHCKHI!, rCHY33cKHI!, BCHCltHaHcKHI!, XaMMaMCT, TapBHTO,
ApronHKOC, MeclIHllaKoc, TcpMaHKoc, COPOHHKOC, MCKCH'
.nCPYH, ra6ec.
52. Keiioop)l. .feOl'pa$H'lecIOlH&
. B
ICb
'CR
IC-
113
b
IX
>T
H
53. fOnOBOJIOMKa .rOpoAa RumIHH»
\..lySlMa, TOSlMa, OKaJiMa, BaKaRMs, TaKaSlMa, MallSIla.
OpIlSiMa.
54. MHIIH-HPOCCOOPJJ. .npRMoyronbHHH A»
no lopu'JoHmanll: L A6a3a. 4. fumna. 5. AKa6a.
no eepmllKanu: \. AHana. 2. Apaws. 3. A6awa.
55. rOnOBOJIOMHa .nonyoC'l]JOoa EOpS3HH»
nupcllcl!cKHI!, ApaoHl!cKIII!, Tal!MbIp, M<LlaKKa, !\I,,_
JlaJ! A3HSI, MIIJl.OKuTal!, KopcSI.
56. ronoBonoMKa .CCMb 3aJIHOOO»
Cal IHO, M:m, MCKcHKalfcKHI!, KanHcpopHHi1cKHH, Ioc-
KUTOC, EpHcTonbCKuii, AnSicKa.
57. 'laiiIlBop.n-cnoooHaT .nyrcmcCTBHC&
L KHCO. 2. BCHa. 3. AHCH. 4. KHca. 5. Kallo.6. POlld
7. Hapa. 8. Calfa. 9. CapH. 10. MpaK. I L KanH. 12. Kuro
13. HOTa. 14. faHa. 15. KCHa. 16. Kanc. 17. na6a. 18. Pa6a
I
251

19. ApaJI. 20. MCH. 21. Hcna. 22. 11aBa. 23. 11aoc. 24. COHa.
2S. Apno. 26. Pana. 27. nana. 28. nllJla. 29. 11alla. 30. .!XCBa.
31. BcplI. 32. Tllpa. 33. TaHa. 34. HaKa. 3S. POKa. 36. PCHO.
37. Hcpa.
58. KPOCCBopJ{-pe6yc .nyrcweCTBHe no c]>paIlI\HH»
no copll30llmGAII: I. HbOp. 3. Tyap. 5. HCBCp. 7. Tpya.
8. HbOH. 9. HIIM. II. .!XllllaH.
no eepmwwnll: I. ijaHT. 2. POHa. 3. TapH. 4. PCI!H.
6. BIIWII. 9. HaHclI. 10. MapHa.
59. 'IaiinBOp.n-CJIOBOKaT .noJ{ ne60M Bcex WHpOT»
I. XaMIl. 2. MalIlI. 3. TCJla. 4. Me-ra. 5. KaMa. 6. Ky6a.
7. Ta6y. 8. Tapa. 9. Pa6a. 10. MpaK. I I. KOMII. 12. MOMII.
13. 11I1Ma. 14. nHJla. IS. nana. 16. nll3a. 17. 3HJlC. IS. 110MC.
19. MOHa. 20. OMan. 21. MOHc. 22. HOTO. 23. Topo. 24. Poco.
2S. Occp. 26. Ccpc. 27. PCWT. 2S. lllTaT. 29. Tana. 30. Hapa.
31. lllapH. 32. 51KwI1. 33. KHMa. 34. KaTa. 3S. Ta3a. 36. 33J1p.
37. D,OPH. 3S. Eapo. 39. 11a6a. 40. TyJla. 41. KYTY. 42. Kypa.
43. ApaK. 44. Kano. 4S. OHOII.
60. fOJlOBOJlOMKa .AMepHKancKHe 03epa.
OHTaPIIO, MII'IlIraH, Bcpxllcc. rypol1. BlllfHllncr, Am-
6acKa, fOra.

a.
a.
D.
JIHTEPATYPA
PJIH pOnOJII/HTEJIhHOrO 'ITEHHH
1.
1. ABlICCB B. A PYCCKHC 3CMJlCnpoxO.lllibi II MOPCXO.llbi. -
M.: BOCHII3.llaT, 1982.
2. ArCCBa P. A npOIlCXO)!(,.l1CHIIC IIMCH peK II 03Cp. -1\1
HaYKa, 1985.
3. EliorpacplI'lCCKIiH CJlOBapb 300 nyrclllcCTBCHHllKOE
II IICCIlC.llOBaTeJlCH». - M.: MblCJlb. 1966.
4. EaY3p 3. 'lY.lIcca 3CMJlII. - M.: llCTcKaSi JlIITCparypa,
1978.
5. ACTanCHKO n. JJ.. BOnpOCbJ 0 nOTO,l\C. - 11.: rH,l\poMC-
TCOIl3,l\aT, 1986.
6. EapalllKOB B. 1'1>. 3HaKOMbleC,l\CTCTBa Ha3Banm!. "':1\1.
npoCBCUlCHIIC, 1982.
7. HB'IeHKO C. 3aHliMaTeJIbHO 0 cplITorcorpacpml. - 1\1
MOJlo.llaSl rOap.llIISl, 1985.
8. 3y6KOB A. E. Bcc 0 MopC. - KIICB: Pa,a,SlHcbKa WKO.li1,
1986.
9. KpaO'lYK n. A. rCorpacplI'lCCKIII! KaJlCIUI.OCKon. -
KIICB: Pan.SlHcbKa WKOJJa, 1988.
10. KOpwYHoBa 8., lllacppaH B. rcorpacp14ccKIiC KpOC-
CBOP.llbI. - M.: npOCBCUlCHIiC. 1971.
II. KIIBOTOB C. A. 3a/1!JlKIl 0 paCTCHIISlX. - M.: npocoe-
UlCIIIIC, 1969.
12. Kynplill A. M. 3aHIIMaTCJlbHO 06 OpIiCHTIlpOlJa'
11Im. - M.: npOCBClllCHIIC, 1980.
13. Kon06KOB H. B., MC3CIIllCB r. B. rp03Hbie SlBJlCHIlSI
aTMoccpcPbI. - M.: rocY.lIapCTlJCHHOC 113.llaTCJlbCTBO reorpa-
CPWICCKOI! JlIITcpaTypbl, 1964.
14. MaKcliMoB H. A. 3a CTpaHlluaMII }"lc6111lKa reorpa-
CPIIII. - M.: npOCBClllCHIIC, 1988.
15. HaJllIBKIIH ll. B. CMCP'IlI. - M.: HaYKa, 1984.
16. nJJaTOHOBa B. H. 3allllMaTCJlbHaSl rcorpacpliSl. -
KaJll1l1l1Hrpa,IlCKOC KH. 113.1\-80, 1992.
17. nllBoBapona r. n. 3allilMaTeJlbHaSl reorpacpliSl. - fo.l
npOCBC1l.lCHIIC, 1998.
253

18. nliBoBapoBa r. n. no CTpaHlluaM 3aHIIMare.1bHOfi
reorpacl>llll. - M.: npOCBeU{cHlle. 1983.
19. npox 3.M. ClloBapb BCTpOB. - JI.: fIl.l1POMCTcoIl3J\aT,
1986.
20. 'leK)'poB M. B. 3araaO'lHblC 3KcnCJ\IILlHH. - M_.
MblCllb, 1985.
21. 3HLlHKlloneJ\1U1lYPIICTlL - M.: DOllbWIDI Poccllflc-
KaSi 3HI\IIKJlOnCAIiSi. 1993.
22. c]Jellt,ltMaH E. C. YMcfI 'lIlTaTb TonorpacpH'IeCK)'1O
Kapl)'. - KIIlIIIIHCB: JIYMIIHa, 1979.
23. c]>OPPCCTCP 41. T blCSI'Ia IIOAIIH BOnpoc 0 noro.l1.c. - J1..
fHllPOMeTcoIl3LlaT, 1968.
24. COCT. 51HYlll r. H. 3aHIIM3TCJlbHaSi rcorpacpllSi. -
M'IIHCK: HapoAHaSi aCBCTa, 1974.

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