Armenia and Imperial Decline

This book seeks, for the first time, to examine the demography and the social
and economic conditions in the Yerevan Province during the first decade of
the twentieth century, before the great changes that occurred during World
War I and the seven decades of Soviet rule. Unlike in Tiflis and Baku, the
Armenian inhabitants of the Yerevan Province were overwhelmingly peasants.
They did not play a major role in the political, intellectual or economic life of
the South Caucasus.
The aim of the book is to prove conclusively that the Armenians of the
Yerevan Province not only benefitted from living under the umbrella of
imperial security but, as junior and senior officials, they also acquired
important administrative and professional skills. The social and economic
changes of the last decade of Russian rule enabled the local Armenians to
advance and, following the collapse of the Russian Empire, to occupy posts
previously held by Russians. Thus, despite the absence of their most talented
individuals and the lack of experienced political leaders, as well as the loss of
half their territory to Turkish attacks in 1918, the local Armenian administration, in the face of terrible conditions and great odds, provided the foundation which allowed the Armenian Republic to maintain its independence
until December of 1920. In fact, some of the survivors would assist in the
modernization and nation-building of Soviet Armenia.
Providing a detailed overview of the history of the Yerevan Province in the
late imperial age, this book will be a valuable resource for students and
scholars interested in the History of Armenia, the Russian Empire and the
Caucasus.
George A. Bournoutian holds a PhD from the University of California, Los
Angeles. He is a senior Professor of History at Iona College in New York. His
numerous books and articles focus on the modern history of Russia, Iran,
Armenia and the rest of the South Caucasus.

Routledge Advances in Armenian Studies
This series takes an inter-disciplinary approach, publishing important studies
dealing with all aspects of Armenia, including its history, politics, culture,
geography, society and economy.

Armenia and Imperial Decline
The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914
George A. Bournoutian

Armenia and Imperial Decline
The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914

George A. Bournoutian

First published 2018
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2018 George A. Bournoutian
The right of George A. Bournoutian to be identified as author of this work
has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in
any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation
without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Names: Bournoutian, George A., author.
Title: Armenia and imperial decline : the Yerevan Province, 1900-1914 /
George A. Bournoutian.
Description: Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, 2018. | Series:
Routledge advances in Armenian studies | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017055879| ISBN 9781138480575 (hbk) |
ISBN 9781351062626 (ebk)
Subjects: LCSH: Yerevan (Armenia)–History–20th century. | Yerevan
(Armenia)–Social conditions. | Yerevan (Armenia)–Economic conditions.
Classification: LCC DK689.35 .B68 2018 | DDC 947.5608/3–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017055879
ISBN: 9781138480575 (hbk)
ISBN: 9781351062626 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Taylor & Francis Books

For Salpi, George, Berdj and Harmik – You have made Toronto
my second home – L’Amitié est l’amour sans ailes (Lord Byron,
1804)

This page intentionally left blank

Contents

List of illustrations
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Transliteration, Terminology, Toponyms and Dates
Note on the Sources
Abbreviations
Maps

ix
x
xii
xiii
xv
xvii
xviii

PART I

Socioeconomic Conditions of the Yerevan Province

1

Introduction

3

I

Historical Setting

6

II

The Land

12

III

The People

19

IV

Administration and Society

39

V

Land Tenure and Agriculture

62

VI

The Economy

73

VII

Taxes and Revenues

85

Concluding Remarks

94

PART II

101

Tables
I

Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Yerevan District

103

viii
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII

Contents
Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Echmiadzin District

146

Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Surmalu District

190

Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Sharur-Daralagez District

235

Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Nakhichevan District

269

Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Alexandropol District

308

Rural Population, Land Tenure and Revenues of the
Novo-Bayazet District

342

Glossary
Bibliography
Index

371
373
377

Illustrations

Maps
1

Georgia and the Iranian Khanates in the South Caucasus in the
Early Nineteenth Century
2 The South Caucasus, ca. 1900
3 Administrative Districts and Police Prefectures of the
Yerevan Province
4 Plan of the City of Yerevan
5 Yerevan District
6 Echmiadzin District
7 Surmalu District
8 Sharur-Daralagez District
9 Nakhichevan District
10 Alexandropol District
11 Novo-Bayazet District

xviii
xix
xx
xxi
xxii
xxiii
xiv
xxv
xxvi
xxvii
xxviii

Tables
3.1
4.1
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4

Population of the Urban Centers of the Province in 1907
The Mirabs of the Yerevan Province
Yerevan District, 1912 (34,296 desiatins)
Surmalu District, 1912 (18,626 desiatins)
Echmiadzin District, 1912 (32,201 desiatins)
Alexandropol District, 1912 (89,485 desiatins)
Novo-Bayazet District, 1912 (75,610 desiatins)
Sharur-Daralagez District, 1912 (22,514 desiatins)
Nakhichevan District, 1912 (27,361 desiatins)
Prices per Pound in Spring 1906 (kopeks)
Prices per Pound in Summer 1906 (kopeks)
Prices per Pound in Autumn 1906 (kopeks)
Prices per Pound in Winter 1906 (kopeks)

24
55
66
66
66
66
66
67
67
78
78
78
79

Foreword

George Bournoutian is a scholar’s scholar. For his entire career he has diligently and patiently recovered lost information and histories of the Caucasus
that have enabled scholars to piece together the complex stories that brought
together and kept apart myriad peoples of the region. His work is foundational. He has done the hard labor of searching distant archives, read through
obscure volumes, and brought the dispersed material of statisticians, geographers, travelers and earlier historians together in readable accounts. Able
to read the necessary languages of the region, Bournoutian has tirelessly
written the record that has eluded other investigators and has made it possible
for future historians to rely on a sound empirical base for further studies.
In this volume Bournoutian takes up what appears to me to be a labor of
love, the history of Yerevan Province in the late imperial age. Having earlier
dealt with Qarabagh, Nakhichevan, in Eastern Armenia in the Last Decades
of Persian Rule: 1807–1828 and The Khanate of Erevan under Qajar Rule,
1795–1828, he turns here to Yerevan Province in the turbulent period of
development, revolution, and devastation. His careful accumulation of demographic data establishes the complex ethnic composition of the various districts and towns of the province. While Alexandropol, the largest city, was
overwhelmingly Armenian, in Yerevan, the capital of the province, Armenians did not make up a majority of the town’s population and, according to
the Russian census of 1897, just barely (by 10 persons) outnumbered the local
Muslims. He shows how complex, intertwined, and fraught with potential
conflict the population of the province was on the eve of World War I. People
had been moving or had been moved back and forth across borders with Iran,
Turkey, and Russia for much of the previous century. Indeed, the borders
themselves had moved, further complicating the mixing and unmixing of
peoples and their loyalties to the various rival empires.
As in the other books that George Bournoutian has published, here as
well the reader can wend his or her way through the thickets of data and
explanation without being encumbered by the partisan nationalism from
which much of scholarship on Caucasia suffers. The facts are here; they fall
where they do; and advocates of one nationality or another must deal with
the stubborn realities he describes. Bournoutian provides us a steady guide

Foreword

xi

through histories that have been marred by advocacy and outright falsification. The ingredients for a deeply textured social history are laid out systematically for the coming generations of historians to enrich the political,
cultural, and social histories of the future.
Yerevan Province was not the center of Armenian political and cultural life
in the late tsarist empire, and yet it would form the base for the future
Armenian republics – the first independent Armenian state (1918–1920) in
over five hundred years, the Soviet Socialist Republic (1920–1991), and the
current Republic of Armenia. The only province in the empire with an
Armenian majority, Yerevan was a backwater, though one could spend a
comfortable night in the Hotel Oriant (pronounced Orient) for 1 ruble 20
kopeks and have a tasty meal in its well-regarded restaurant followed by a
film at the Apollo. The province was largely agricultural with a few fledgling
industries and an internationally known cognac factory. It was also home to
the head of the Armenian Apostolic Church, his church located in the holy
city of Echmiadzin. Although poorer than its neighboring provinces, Yerevan
was a refuge for a dispersed people who looked to the Russian tsar as a protector when Armenians were threatened in neighboring empires. And it was
the one small part of what Armenians regarded as their historic homeland
that would be safeguarded, at least for a time, by Russian arms against the
predations of their enemies. When genocide decimated the Ottoman Armenians, it was to Yerevan Province and other Russian-ruled regions that
Armenian survivors fled. As Bournoutian indicates in the conclusion to this
valuable volume, his careful and detailed reconstruction of Yerevan Province
before World War I illustrates how far that region has advanced, through
revolution, civil war, invasion, and the years of Soviet Power, to the modern
yet beleaguered state that Armenia is today.
Ronald Grigor Suny
William H. Sewell Jr. Distinguished University Professor of History
The University of Michigan

Acknowledgments

I am grateful to Marc Mamigonian, Director of Academic Affairs at the
National Association for Armenian Studies and Research (NAASR), who
directed my attention to two Russian works, published in Tiflis in 1903 and
1905, which were being offered for sale by a seller of rare books. The titles
suggested that they contained valuable information on land tenure in two of
the seven districts of the Yerevan Province at the dawn of the twentieth century. The rare information therein motivated the preparation of the present
study.
Dr. Ronald Suny, a colleague and an accomplished expert in Russian and
Soviet history, was kind enough to write the foreword. A grant from NAASR
and funding from a dear friend from Toronto helped in conducting further
research.
Finally, a study of this nature owes a great deal to a number of individuals.
Vadim Gomoz assisted in obtaining a number of rare volumes from Russian
libraries. Edward Helmrich of the inter-library loan service at the Ryan
Library of Iona College managed to obtain important sources. Brian Farkas
of Iona’s Center for the Enhancement of Learning & Teaching (CELTIC)
took great pains to prepare the 11 maps, and Danielle DiMatteo, also of
CELTIC, provided invaluable logistical support. My wife, Ani, once again
read the various drafts. I wish to express my thanks to Maggie Reid for her
painstaking efforts in copyediting a very complex manuscript. I am, of course,
responsible for any shortcomings, which a study of this nature must inevitably
contain.

Transliteration, Terminology, Toponyms
and Dates

Russian, Armenian, Persian and Turkish terms are transliterated, with minor
deviations, according to the Library of Congress tables, without the use of
diacritical marks. However, commonly used terms and Anglicized forms
remain unchanged. Russian names such as Alexander, Nicholas and Paul
appear in their Westernized versions.
The Armenian letter E is transcribed as Ye when it appears at the beginning of a name; hence Yerevan instead of Erevan. The Russian Эриван has
also been transcribed as Yerevan.
The Russian spelling for place names listed in the sources posed a problem.
The Russian editors tried to phonetically transcribe the names of the numerous villages in the province. Unfortunately, the Russian alphabet lacks the
phonetic sounds of the Arabo-Persian letters of ‫ ﻍ‬,‫ ﻕ‬,‫ ﻩ‬,‫ ﺡ‬and ‫ ﻉ‬and the
Armenian letters h and gh.1 Moreover, the phonetic values of the local Turkish dialect could not be reproduced in Russian. The versions herein are as
accurate as possible.
It is important to note that prior to the formation of Soviet Armenia,
tsarist officials kept almost all the former place names that were used in the
Yerevan Khanate during Iranian rule. Although most of these villages had
had Armenian names in the past, various Turcoman tribes that had settled in
the region following the Timurid period2 had renamed a great number of
them. Armenian officials, during the Soviet period, restored some of the
historic Armenian names wherever possible.3 Other villages had been abandoned or were absorbed into new collective farms (kolkhoz), sometimes
named after Armenian, Russian, Georgian or Azeri communists. Some of
these place names changed once again after the fall of the Soviet Union.4
Every effort has been made to identify, with the correct spelling, the presentday Armenian names [they appear in square brackets] of the villages of the
Yerevan Province. Any assistance from readers in identifying the lacunae or
errors will be greatly appreciated. I must also apologize for the absence of an
index, which was not possible to compile from a study of this nature.
The transcription of the present-day Azeri place names in Nakhichevan
and Sharur-Daralagez was likewise complicated. In 1922, the Soviets, in order
to reduce the influence of Islam and Iran as well as to instill a much-needed

xiv Transliteration, Terminology, Toponyms and Dates
national identity, replaced the Arabo-Persian script used by the Muslims in
the South Caucasus with a Latin alphabet (slightly modified in 1933), similar
to the new Latin alphabet created in Turkey for much the same reason. In
1939, on Stalin’s orders, a new alphabet using the Cyrillic script (slightly
modified in 1958) was introduced, which remained in use until the fall of the
Soviet Union. In 1991, the Republic of Azerbaijan reverted to using the
former Latin alphabet, with minor changes. A year later, however, the alphabet was again modified with the removal of ä, replacing it with ə (the
“schwa”). After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Azeris also changed
some of the place names of the Soviet period.5 Every effort has been made to
identify, with the correct spelling, the present-day Azeri names [they appear in
square brackets] of the former villages of the Yerevan Province, which are
now part of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Any assistance from readers in
identifying such names will also be greatly appreciated.
Furthermore, the terms “Azerbaijan” and “Azeri” do not appear in any of
the sources cited herein. Rather, the Turkic inhabitants of the region are
referred to as Muslims or Tatars. In addition, most of the territory that
formed the future Republic of Azerbaijan was, at the time of this study, divided into the Russian Elisavetpol and Baku provinces. Prior to 1918, the term
“Azerbaijan” applied only to the Iranian province of Azarbayjan.
Lastly, in this period, Russia used the Julian or Old Style calendar, which,
in the nineteenth century was 12 days, and in the first quarter of the twentieth
century, was 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar employed in the West.
All dates recorded in the survey are according to the Russian Julian calendar.

Note on the Sources

All of the primary sources for this study are in Russian. They were printed
between 1902 and 1916. Among them is the first general population census of
the Russian Empire (minus Finland), conducted in 1897 and published in
1905 in numerous fascicules.6 Statistical information from fascicules 6 and 7
contain important data on the 11 provinces (guberniia) of the Caucasus: five
provinces in the North and six in the South Caucasus, the latter of which
included the Yerevan Province.
Meanwhile, a number of statistical committees were formed in the various
provinces of the empire under the aegis of the Statistical Committee of the
Ministry of the Interior in order to gather and record detailed information on
climate, terrain, land tenure, revenue, flora and fauna and other relevant data.
One such committee, the Provincial Statistical Committee of the Yerevan
Guberniia, was formed in 1900. It main purpose was to publish yearbooks or
almanacs in the style of the later issues of Kavkazskii kalendar’, but devoted
solely to the Yerevan Province. The first issue was published in 1902, and
subsequent issues were published biennially until 1914. Each issue covered
data for the one or two years prior to its publication date.7
These yearbooks were not available in any library in the United States. I
was finally able to locate them in the National Library of Russia in St.
Petersburg and the State Public Historical Library of Russia in Moscow.
Moreover, since the last of these yearbooks, published in 1914, contained
information for the years 1912–1913, I obtained the data for the year 1914
from the final volume of Kavkazskii kalendar’.8
My search bore fruit for, upon examining these yearbooks, I discovered
that they identified every village in every police prefecture and village commune of the seven districts that comprised the Yerevan Province. In addition,
the tables included the number of households, the value of the harvest and the
taxes collected by the state as well as the dues paid for the upkeep of the
officials, schools, roads and bridges. Furthermore, they also listed the number
of schools (including Armenian and Muslim religious schools) and names of
their faculty; the names of every official in each district (administrative, military, judicial, financial); churches (Armenian Apostolic, Catholic and Russian
orthodox); mosques (Shi’a and Sunni) and their clergy; and data on irrigation, trade, manufacturing, agriculture, viniculture, animal husbandry, flora
and fauna, and other useful information.

xvi

Note on the Sources

The wealth of the material, which to my knowledge had never been utilized
in the West, was so astounding that I decided to combine the most valuable
data from all of these sources into the second part of this study. Although
some may think the seven tables produced in Part II superfluous, I am certain
that the information therein will prove useful to future scholars, especially
those who wish to compare the demography and economy of the Yerevan
Guberniia with other provinces in the South Caucasus or those who wish to
study the tremendous transformation of the province during the seven decades of
Soviet rule.
Other primary sources are the Russian surveys of 1829–1832, which provide the ethnographic and socioeconomic data of the Armenian Province (the
former khanates of Yerevan and Nakhichevan) in the final years of Iranian
and earliest years of Russian rule.9
In 1900, another statistical committee was formed in Tiflis, the Russian
administrative center of the Caucasus. The Committee Chairman, LieutenantGeneral A. A. Freze, together with State Councilors G. K. Tkachev and N. G.
Pantelev, commissioned the preparation of a cadastral study of the Yerevan
Province. The data was gathered from the various surveys and registers of the
Yerevan Province’s administrative districts prepared during the last quarter of
the nineteenth century; that is, following the land reforms of 1872. The
committee entrusted the task to the junior editor at the Statistical Department,
D. D. Pagirev.
In 1903, the first part, which dealt with the Yerevan District, was published
in Tiflis.10 Two years later, in 1905, the second part, which dealt with the
Novo-Bayazet District, also appeared in Tiflis.11 The two volumes (paginated
concurrently) included 110 pages and contained a detailed land survey of
every village and plot of land in the two districts.12 Unfortunately, the antiArmenian policies of the Governor-General of the Caucasus, Prince Golitsyn,
and the ensuing violent Armenian response (1903–1905), as well as the 1905
Russian Revolution and the Armeno-Tatar clashes of 1905–1907, put a halt
to the publication of the material on the other five districts.
These were the same two works that were brought to my attention by Mr.
Mamigonian. I began searching libraries and archives in Russia hoping to
find the said volumes. Several months later my efforts were rewarded when I
found them to be at the Rumiantsev Public Library in St. Petersburg.
The final Russian source is an alphabetical gazetteer of the Caucasus region
on the eve of World War I. Commissioned by the Caucasian Branch of
the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, this rather large volume contains the
names of every city, town, village and nomad settlement in the region. The
study, edited by D. D. Pagirev and published in Tiflis in 1913, aided me in
verifying the accuracy of the spelling of the toponyms in the province.13
The sole non-Russian source is the five-volume alphabetical dictionary of
the former and present names of each Armenian village located in the South
Caucasus, under the general editorship of Professor Hakobyan.14

Abbreviations

Akty
KK

PK/1902
PK/1904
PK/1906
PK/1908
PK/1910
PK/1912
PK/1914
PSZR
ZD/I
ZD/II

Viceroyalty of the Caucasus. Akty sobrannye Kavkazskoiu
Arkheograficheskoiu Kommissieiu. 12 vols. Tiflis, 1866–1904.
Viceroyalty of the Caucasus: Kavkazskii kalendar’ na 1901–
1916. Tiflis, 1900–1915. Statisticheskii Komitet Erivanskoi
Gubernii.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1902 god’.
Yerevan, 1902.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1904 god’.
Yerevan, 1903.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1906 god’.
Yerevan, 1905.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1908 god’.
Yerevan, 1908.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1910 god’.
Yerevan, 1910.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1912 god’.
Yerevan, 1912.
Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1914 god’.
Yerevan, 1914.
Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. St. Petersburg,
1830–1885.
Zemel’nyia dachi Erivanskoi Gubernii, I: Dachi Erivanskago
u’ezda. Tiflis, 1903.
Zemel’nyia dachi Erivanskoi Gubernii, II: Dachi
Novo-bayazetskago u’ezda. Tiflis, 1905.

Maps

Map 1 Georgia and the Iranian Khanates in the South Caucasus in the Early
Nineteenth Century

Maps

Map 2 The South Caucasus, ca. 1900

xix

xx

Maps

Map 3 Administrative Districts and Police Prefectures of the Yerevan Province

Maps

xxi

Map 4 Plan of the City of Yerevan
1. Katoghike Church. 2. State Bank. 3. City Hospital. 4. Peter and Paul Church. 5. St.
Illuminator Church 6. Women’s Gymnasium. 7. Men’s Gymnasium. 8. Provincial
Administration Bldg. 9. Armenian Seminary. 10. St. Sarkis Church. 11. Gök-Jami
(Blue Mosque). 12. Russian St. Nicholas Cathedral. 13. City Duma. 14. Sardar’s
Palace. 15. Bridge. 16. Cemetery. 17. Tapabashi quarter. 18. Demir-Bulagh quarter*.
A. Astafyan Street (Abovyan). B. Fortress Street. C. Bread Square. D. English
Garden. E. Post Street. F. Bazaar Street. G. Nazarov Street. H. Beybutov Street. I.
Molokan Street. J. Tsar Street. K. Vekilov Street. L. Tarkhanov Street. M. Ter-Ghukasov
Street. N. Dyers Street. O. Orchards/Vineyards. P. Haykakan Street. Q. Bath Street. R.
Market Square. S. Medical Street. T. Aygestan Street. U. Caravansaray Street. V.
Church Street. W. Nahang Street. X. Irrigation Canal. Y. Zangi River. Z. Baths.
* The city of Yerevan in the Iranian era had three quarters (mahalle): Shahri (inner or
old town) as well as the Tapabashi and Demir-Bulagh quarters. Many gypsies resided
in the Tapabashi Quarter, while Muslims were the main inhabitants of the DemirBulagh Quarter. These quarters retained their names until the Soviet period. For more
details and a map of the city in the last years of Iranian rule, see Bournoutian, Erevan,
38–47.

xxii

Maps

Map 5 Yerevan District
1. Noragavit. 2. Kanaker. 3. Eilyar. 4. Novo-Nikolayevka. 5. Ulukhanlu. 6. Aghamazalu. 7. Mogub. 8. Gök-Kilisa. 9. Zar. 10. Aramus. 11. Imanshalu. 12. Chikdamlu.
13. Qamarlu. 14. Nowruzlu. 15. Assyrian Dvin. 16. Jannatlu. 17. Ardashar. 18. Iuva.
19. Dargalu. 20. Bash-Garni. 21. Agarak. 22. Shahriyar. 23. Geghart. 24. Goght. 25.
Assyrian Gol. 26. Khosrov. 27. Davalu. 28. Karalar. 29. Büyük-Vedi. 30. Avshar. 31.
Sarkhanlu. 32. Borolan. 33. Khalisa. 34. Shirazlu. 35. Lower Karabaghlar. 36. JiginKarakoyunlu. 37. Ak-Kilisa. 38. Eranos. 39. Armik. 40. Yaiji. 41. Zanjirlu. 42.
Kadilu. 43. Karakhach. 44. Lower Chanakhchi. 45. Sadarak. 46. Günnut.

Maps

xxiii

Map 6 Echmiadzin District
1. Haji-Bayram. 2. Kheyribeglu. 3. Assar. 4. Lower Talin. 5. Mastara. 6. Mehriban. 7.
Kirmizlu. 8. Sardarabd. 9. Molla-Bayazet. 10. Janfada. 11. Kurdukuli. 12. Talysh. 13.
Karavansaray. 14. Kosh. 15. Kerpalu. 16. Zeyva. 17. Vagharshapat/Echmiadzin. 18.
Yergov. 19. Parbi. 20. Ushi. 21. Kızıl-Tamur. 22. Oshakan. 23. Ashtarak. 24. Karpi.
25. Ghazanfar. 26. Shirakala. 27. Kara-Kilisa. 28. Yeghvard. 29. Kirashlu. 30.
Jatkran.

xxiv Maps

Map 7 Surmalu District
A. Greater Ararat. B. Lesser Ararat. 1. Tandurek. 2. Aghdash. 3. Sari-Bulagh. 4. Dibsiz.
5. Zarifkhana. 6. Molla Qajar. 7. Almalıkh. 8. Parnaut. 9. Aqa-Beg. 10. Kilichlu. 11.
Inja. 12. Agarak. 13. Kulpi. 14. Aslanlu. 15. Soghutlu. 16. Turabi. 17. Pirlu. 18.
Sichanlu. 19. Nazravan. 20. Oba. 21. Evjilyar. 22. Kushchi. 23. Zorı. 24. Günda. 25.
Orgov. 26. Igdir. 27. Pliur. 28. Panik. 29. Malaklu. 30. Karakoyunlu. 31. Amarat. 32.
’Ali-Jan. 33. Tokhanshalu-Qajar. 34. Dashburun. 35. Bulagh-Bashi. 36. Tarash. 37.
Hasan-Khan. 38. Alatlu. 39. Akhuri. 40. Karagajalu. 41. Aralıkh. 42. Aratan.

Maps

xxv

Map 8 Sharur-Daralagez District
1. Hors. 2. Kodukh-vank. 3. Koytul. 4. Aynazur. 5. Chuva. 6. Danzik. 7. Bash-Norashen.
8. Zeyva. 9. Norashen. 10. Shahtakht. 11. Khanlukhlar. 12. Pusiyan. 13. Tananam. 14.
Akhura. 15. Khachik. 16. Amaghu. 17. Engija. 18. Ayar. 19. Orta-kend. 20. Keshishkend. 21. Malishka. 22. Moz. 23. Azatek. 24. Por. 25. Soylan. 26. Martiros. 27. Akhta.
28. Chay-kend. 29. Arinj. 30. Herher. 31. Jul. 32. Terp.

xxvi

Maps

Map 9 Nakhichevan District
1. Shahtakhti. 2. Kivrak. 3. Khok. 4. Buzgov. 5. Jaghri. 6. Nararabad. 7. Shah
Mahmud. 8. Yarimja. 9. Nakhichevan. 10. Tirkesh. 11. Karmalinovka. 12. Shahbuz.
13. Vaykhir. 14. Kulus. 15. Surab. 16. Kuznut. 17. Shurut. 18. Kazanchi. 19. Dernis.
20. Upper Akulis. 21. Lower Akulis. 22. Ordubad. 23. Upper Andamich. 24. Julfa. 25.
Shadi.

Maps

xxvii

Map 10 Alexandropol District
1. Alexandropol. 2. Ani Station. 3. Kızıl-Kilisa. 4. Bayandur. 5. Zarinja. 6. Ortakilisa. 7. Aghbulagh. 8. Agh-kilisa. 9. Aghbulagh. 10. Nalband. 11. Bekand. 12.
Golgat. 13. Tashkala. 14. Shirvanjuk. 15. Artik. 16. Abdibeg. 17. Duzkend. 18.
Güzel-dara. 19. Hamamlu. 20. Pamb. 21. Archut. 22. Bzovdal. 23. Kara-Kilisa. 24.
Kishlak. 25. Ya`qubli. 26. Vartanlu. 27. Bozikend. 28. Nikitin.

xxviii

Maps

Map 11 Novo-Bayazet District
1. Novo-Bayazet. 2. Dali-Kardash. 3. Kishlak. 4. Noraduz. 5. Alexandrovka. 6.
Aghzibir. 7. Ordaklu. 8. Shahriz. 9. Yeleovka. 10. Sevan Monastery. 11. Taycharukh.
12. Dallar. 13. Konstantinovka. 14. Randamal. 15. Akhty. 16. Sukhoi-Fontan. 17.
Kiankian. 18. Eranos. 19. Adiyaman. 20. Upper Karanlegh. 21. Lower Karanlegh.
22. Lower Aluchalu. 23. Upper Aluchalu. 24. Kızıl-Kharaba. 25. Tashkend. 26.
Basarkechar. 27. Zod. 28. Shishkaya. 29. Jil. 30. Ardanich. 31. Tokhluja.

Maps

xxix

Notes
1 They are generally transcribed as a or g.
2 For more details, see V. Minorsky, The Turks, Iran and the Caucasus in the Middle
Ages (London, 1978), fasc. XIII–XIV.
3 They relied heavily on the geographical volumes of Ghewond Alishan printed in
Venice during the nineteenth century.
4 For example, the town of Gümri, which was renamed Alexandropol in 1837, was
named Leninakan during the Soviet period, changed its name to Kumayri between
1990 and 1992, and in 1992 was renamed Gyumri.
5 I have used the Azeri vowels ü, ö, ë, ə and ı and the consonants ş, ç and ğ to
render the proper sounds of the new Azeri alphabet.
6 A. Troinitskii, ed. Pervaia vseobshchaia perepis’ naseleniia Rossiiskoi Imperii, 1897
g. [First General Census of the Population of the Russian Empire] (St. Petersburg,
1905).
7 A. I. Marchenko, ed., Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1902 god’ (Yerevan, 1902); na 1904 god’ (Yerevan, 1903); na 1906 god’ (Yerevan, 1905). V. E.
Vasliev, ed., Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1908 god’ (Yerevan, 1908);
na 1010 god’ (Yerevan, 1910); na 1912 god’ (Yerevan, 1912). Kh. A. Volchanin,
ed., Pamiatnaia knizhka Erivanskoi Gubernii na 1914 god’ (Yerevan, 1914). [Official
Almanacs of the Yerevan Province for the Years 1902–1914] hereinafter these are
abbreviated as PK.
8 Viceroyalty of the Caucasus, Kavkazskii kalendar’ na 1916 god’ [Official Almanac
of the Caucasus, 1916] (Tiflis, 1915): hereinafter abbreviated as KK.
9 I. Shopen [I.Chopin], Istoricheskii pamiatnik sostoiania Armianskoi oblasti v’
epokhu eia prisoedineniia k’ Rossiskoi Imperii [A Historical Survey of the Conditions of the Armenian Province at the Time of its Unification with the Russian
Empire] (St. Petersburg, 1852) and V. Grigor’ev, Statisticheskoe Opisanie Nakhichevanskoi provintsii [A Statistical Survey of the Nakhichevan Province] (St.
Petersburg, 1833).
10 Zemel’nyia dachi Erivanskoi Gubernii, I: Dachi Erivanskago u’ezda [Land Tenure
of the Yerevan Province, I: Yerevan District] (Tiflis, 1903): hereinafter abbreviated
as ZD/I.
11 Zemel’nyia dachi Erivanskoi Gubernii, II: Dachi Novo-bayazetskago u’ezda [Land
Tenure of the Yerevan Province, II: Novo-Bayazet District] (Tiflis, 1905): hereinafter abbreviated as ZD/II.
12 The data not only included the latitude and longitude of each location, but also
listed the ownership, roads, cemeteries, forests, canals and arable and non-arable
lands.
13 D. D. Pagirev, ed., Alfavitnyi ukazatel’ k’ piativerstnoi karte Kavkazskago kraia,
izdaniia Kavkazskago Voenno-Topograficheskago Otdela [Alphabetical List of
Place Names of the Caucasus Region] (Tiflis, 1913).
14 T. Kh. Hakobyan, S. T. Melik‘-Bakhshyan and H. Kh. Barseghyan, Hayastani ev
harakits shrjanneri teghanunneri bararan [Dictionary of Toponymy of Armenia and
Adjacent Territories] 5 vols. (Yerevan, 1986–2001). I have examined B. A. Budagov
and G. A. Geybullaev’s Explanatory Dictionary of Azerbaijani Origin Places’
Names [sic] in Armenia (Baku, 2009). Unfortunately the work is devoid of any
scholarly value.

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Part I

Socioeconomic Conditions of the
Yerevan Province

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Introduction

My interest in the social and economic history of the territory that in 1850
formed the Erivan Guberniia, or the Yerevan Province, began during my
graduate studies at UCLA. An IREX Fellowship in 1973–1974 enabled me to
gather material for my dissertation and for my subsequent volumes on the
khanates of Yerevan and Nakhichevan in the final years of Iranian rule and
the early period of Russian rule.
My attraction to the region of the South Caucasus did not diminish, and I
spent the next four decades translating numerous Armenian and Russian primary sources of the period as well as publishing annotated versions of rare
Russian surveys on the demography and economy of the eastern Caucasian
khanates of Sheki, Shirvan and Karabagh just prior to their annexation by
Russia.
Meanwhile, I continued to have questions about the social and economic
history of Russian Armenia, especially following the political and economic
reforms of Tsar Alexander II (r. 1855–1881). Although Western historians
dealing with the Caucasus had published important studies on Georgia1 and
the eastern part of the South Caucasus (the later Azerbaijan)2 during the last
decades of Russian rule, they had completely ignored Russian Armenia in
that same period. The few studies that did deal with the province either
bypassed the years 1900–19143 or concentrated on the political, economic
and cultural activities of the Armenian communities in Tiflis [Tbilisi], Baku,
Constantinople, Moscow and St. Petersburg from the 1880s to 1915.4
The numerous pre-revolutionary Russian studies printed in Tiflis focused on
the overall social and economic conditions of the Caucasus during the nineteenth century.5 Soviet historians were mainly interested in the changes that
occurred after the Sovietization of Armenia.6 They viewed pre-revolutionary
Armenia (with a great deal of justification, one may add) as a backward
agricultural region which had blossomed into an urbanized and industrialized
society only under communism.7
To be fair, one has to note that Russian Armenia – that is, the small area
which formed the Yerevan Province – was not only regarded as a backwater,
but it also lacked the political or economic stature of the Tiflis and Baku
provinces. Moreover, it did not have those cities’ Armenian leaders, most of

4

Introduction

whom preferred to live in the more cosmopolitan, industrial and commercial
areas outside the largely rural Yerevan Province. In fact, some of these individuals had never lived in Yerevan at all, only arriving there after the formation of the Armenian Republic in May 1918 or during the early years of the
Soviet period.
There is no doubt that compared to Tiflis and Baku, the inhabitants of the
Yerevan Province were overwhelmingly peasants. They did not play a major
role in the political, intellectual or economic life of the South Caucasus.
However, the following questions remain to be answered: How did the
Yerevan Province and the Armenian Republic manage to administer day-today life between November 1917 and December 1920? How, despite epidemics, lack of food, enemy attacks and being inundated with over 300,000
refugees, was the government able to function? Was the Armenian Republic,
in its less than 1,000 days of existence, suddenly able to create the educational
institutions, the courts and prisons, the postal-telegraph and transportation
systems, the army, the medical and veterinary centers, the police, and the
agricultural, irrigation and administrative structure which maintained it?
Moreover, how could Soviet Armenia, in the early years of its existence, have
functioned without a preexisting infrastructure?
The present study seeks to examine, for the first time, the demography and
the social and economic conditions in the Yerevan Province during the first
decade of the twentieth century, before the great changes that occurred during
World War I and the seven decades of Soviet rule. It seeks to prove conclusively that the Armenians of the Yerevan Province not only benefitted from
living under the umbrella of imperial security, but as junior and senior officials, they also acquired important administrative and professional skills. The
social and economic changes of the last decade of Russian rule enabled the
local Armenians to advance and, following the collapse of the Russian
Empire, to occupy posts previously held by Russians. Thus, despite the
absence of their most talented individuals and the lack of experienced political leaders, as well as the loss of half their territory to Turkish attacks in
1918, the local Armenian administration, in the face of terrible conditions
and great odds, provided the foundation which allowed the Armenian
Republic to maintain its independence until December of 1920. In fact, some
of the survivors would assist in the modernization and nation-building of
Soviet Armenia.

Notes
1 The best source is R. G. Suny, The Making of the Georgian Nation (Bloomington,
1994).
2 The best sources are R. G. Suny, The Baku Commune, 1917–1918: Class and
Nationality in the Russian Revolution (Princeton, 1972), and the first monograph
(but not the subsequent studies) of T. Swietochowski, Russian Azerbaijan, 1905–
1920: The Shaping of a National Identity in a Muslim Community (Cambridge,
1985).

Introduction

5

3 The noted exception has been studies on the Armenian Church Crisis of 1903–1905
and the Armeno-Tatar clashes of 1905–1907; see Chapter I.
4 See R. G. Hovannisian’s study, Armenia on the Road to Independence, 1918 (Berkeley, 1967) and R. G. Suny’s monograph, Looking toward Ararat: Armenia in
Modern History (Bloomington, 1993).
5 See, for example, Iu. F. Akhverdov, Tiflisskie amkary [The Guilds of Tiflis] (Tiflis,
1883); I. Z. Andronikov, Kul’tura risa na Kavkaze [Rice Production in the Caucasus]
(Tiflis, 1900); S. Gulishambarov, Obzor fabric i zavodov Zakavkazskogo kraia [Factories and Workshops in the Caucasus] (Tiflis, 1884); S. Esadze, Istoricheskaia zapiska
ob’ upravlenii Kavkazom’ [A Historical Study on the Caucasian Administration] 2
vols. (Tiflis, 1907).
6 The sole exception is T. Hakobyan’s Yerevani Patmut`yune, 1879–1917 t.t. [The
History of Yerevan, 1879–1917] (Yerevan, 1963) in which the author used archival
sources to describe the social and economic condition of the city of Yerevan prior
to the Bolshevik Revolution.
7 See, for example, M. Shaginyan, Puteshestvie po Sovetskoi Armenii [Travel Through
Soviet Armenia] (Moscow, 1951).

I

Historical Setting

The South Caucasus: 1801–1828
The Russian conquest of the South Caucasus,1 which began with the
annexation of eastern Georgia in 1801, was a slow process. After establishing
Tiflis as its administrative and military headquarters in the region, Russia
attacked the Iranian Khanate of Ganja (Ganjeh)2 and began the First RussoIranian War (1804–1813).3 Russia’s involvement in the Napoleonic Wars in
Europe, the Russo-Turkish War of 1806–1812 and Napoleon’s invasion of
Russia in 1812 meant that the full force of Russia’s military might could not
be used against Iran. The conflict thus dragged on for ten years. By 1813, the
restraints of these other military engagements were removed, and following a
number of defeats, Iran was forced to sign the Gulistan (Golestan) agreement.
The treaty, which the Iranians considered to be only an armistice, handed the
former Iranian khanates of Ganja, Derbent (Darband), Kuba (Qobbeh),
Shirvan, Karabagh (Qarabagh), Sheki (Shakki) and parts of Talysh (Talesh)
to Russia4 with the proviso that the tsar would consider returning some of the
disputed territory and that the final borders would be determined by a
boundary commission composed of both nations.
Despite the efforts of the Iranian envoy in St. Petersburg, the question of
the final borders remained unresolved. In 1816, Tsar Alexander I (r. 1801–
1825) appointed General Alexei Yermolov as the new commander-in-chief of
the Caucasus and, in 1817, sent him to Iran to resolve the border dispute.
Yermolov’s notoriously boorish behavior in Iran did not resolve the dispute,
but actually worsened it considerably. Furthermore, his annexation of the
khanates of Sheki, Shirvan and Karabagh forced their khans to flee to Iran.
Subsequent rumors of Russia’s mistreatment of the Muslim population
living in the South Caucasus brought complaints on the part of Shi’a senior
clerics and forced Fath `Ali Shah (r. 1797–1834) and his heir, `Abbas Mirza
(d. 1833), to consider a new war with Russia. Taking advantage of the death
of Tsar Alexander in 1825 and the Decembrist uprising that same year, Iranian armies, in 1826, crossed the Arax (Aras) River and began the Second
Russo-Iranian War (1826–1828). After some initial Iranian victories, Tsar
Nicholas I (r. 1825–1855) replaced Yermolov with General Ivan Paskevich.

Historical Setting

7

Using heavy artillery, Paskevich captured the fortress of `Abbasabad in the
Khanate of Nakhichevan and the bastion of Sardarabad in the Khanate of
Yerevan. By late fall of 1827, the main defensive fort of the region, that of
Yerevan, fell to Paskevich, and the Russians managed to enter Tabriz, the
capital of the Azarbayjan5 Province and the seat of `Abbas Mirza’s governorship.
After two months of negotiations and procrastination (due to the imminent
start of the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829), Iran, in 1828, signed the Treaty
of Turkmanchay (Torkamanchay). The treaty not only surrendered the khanates
of Yerevan and Nakhichevan to Russia, but also affirmed both the territorial
losses stipulated in the Gulistan agreement and the transfer of the remaining parts of Talysh to Russia. The Arax River became the new boundary
between the two states.
A year later, by the Treaty of Adrianople (1829), the Turks gave up the
Pashalik of Akhaltsikh, making Russia the master of the South Caucasus (see
Map 1). After 1829, Russia, for the next three decades, could divert its military attention to pacifying the Muslim mountain tribes in the North Caucasus
(Daghestan and Chechnia).
Following the wars, Russia set up a new administrative structure for the
South Caucasus. It divided the region into five provinces: 1) the Georgian
Province, formed from the eastern Georgian kingdom, the former Khanate of
Ganja,6 as well as the soltanates of Shuragöl,7 Kazakh (Qazzaq) and Shamshedil (Sham od-Din); 2) the Muslim Military District, created from the
former Karabagh, Shirvan, Sheki and Talysh khanates; 3) the Caspian Province, made up from the former khanates of Baku, Kuba and Derbent; 4) the
Imeretian Province, formed from the western Georgian principalities; and 5)
the Armenian Province, created in 1828 from the former khanates of Yerevan
and Nakhichevan.

The Armenian Province and the South Caucasus 1828–1850
The creation of the Armenian Province was prompted by the efforts of a
number of pro-Armenian Russian officials who wished to reward the Armenians for their support during the Russo-Iranian wars. Russian military and
political leaders also assumed that Georgians and Armenians, as Christians,
preferred Russian rule and would support Russian domination over the large
Muslim population living in the Caucasus.
Since the Armenians formed a minority in the new Russian Armenian
Province, Russian diplomats, who for years had been encouraging Armenians
to move from the neighboring Muslim khanates into Georgia in order to
revive its economy, included a unique provision (Article XV) in the Turkmanchay Treaty, giving the Armenians residing in Azarbayjan one year to
emigrate.8
In 1836, the Russian government issued the Polozhenie (the Regulations
Governing the Armenian-Gregorian Church in Russia). Although this gave
the government the right to supervise the affairs of the Church by having a

8

Part I

voice in the election of the Supreme Patriarch, or Catholicos, and to place a
Russian procurator to observe all the proceedings of the synod, it did grant
the Church the right to open schools, with the permission of the Minister of
the Interior.9
After the formation of the Armenian Province in 1828, the Russians, for all
intents and purposes, left the former Iranian administrative structure unaltered.10 In fact, not only did most of the former Muslim notables and officials
continue to perform their duties, but some were even rewarded with Russian
military ranks and acted as nayebs, or deputy governors.11
The total submission of Iran, as dictated by the Turkmanchay Treaty,
guaranteed against the danger of any future Russian entanglement with the
Qajars. The newly formed Armenian Province, which bordered Iran, was
therefore ignored by the Central Caucasian Administration in Tiflis and even
more so by the government in St. Petersburg. The small number of Russian
officials who served in the new territory had to rely on the former Muslim
administrators, as well as interpreters, to carry out their duties. Land tenure,
taxes and the judicial system remained virtually unchanged, and Persian or
the local Turkish dialect continued to be used in many administrative
offices.12
Complaints from the Armenians13 as well as from the small group of Russian officials concerning the arbitrary actions of the Muslim administrators
brought changes in 1840. In order to bring the province under the supervision
of the central administration of the Caucasus in Tiflis, the government
decreed in that year that all local laws and customs be set aside, that all
business be conducted in Russian and that Russians staff all administrative
offices.14 At the same time, the Armenian Province lost its separate status and
was incorporated into the Georgian-Imeretian Province.15
In 1844, in order to further consolidate the North and South Caucasus, the
Russians created a single administrative division of the region headquartered
in Tiflis. For the next five years newly appointed Russian bureaucrats, ignorant of local traditions, attempted to follow ad hoc orders from Tiflis. The
negative local reaction, especially on the part of the Georgian nobles, who
had in the past enjoyed some autonomy, resulted in the recall of many of
these bureaucrats.
In 1845, Emperor Nicholas I, concerned about the unending anti-Russian
activities in Daghestan, appointed Prince Michael Vorontsov as his viceroy in the
Caucasus. Vorontsov, who as a young officer had served under General Tsitsianov during his failed attempt to capture Yerevan, planned to win the support of the local notables and to create a shared administration. Georgians,
Armenians and Muslims would work and share power with the Russians to
gradually transform the South Caucasus. For this reason, in 1846 Vorontsov
persuaded the tsar to split the South Caucasus along ethno-religious lines into
four guberniias or provinces: 1) Tiflis, which included eastern Georgia, the
former Armenian Province, and the Elisavetpol Province; 2) Western Georgia
or Kutais, made up of the Imereti, Akhalkalak, Akhaltsikh and Alexandropol

Historical Setting

9

districts; 3) Shemakha, made up of the former khanates of Baku, Talysh,
Shirvan, Sheki and Karabagh, and 4) Derbent, made up from the former
khanates of Kuba and Derbent.

The Yerevan Province and the South Caucasus, 1850–1917
Following the success of this initial division and retracing the footsteps of
Tsitsianov and earlier Russian administrators, Vorontsov was eager to gain
the co-operation of the Armenians, who had demonstrated their allegiance to
Russia since the eighteenth century,16 by restoring the former Armenian Province. An astute politician who had personally seen parts of the Armenian
Province, Vorontsov was well aware that the southern and western mahals 17
of the former province, which bordered the Ottoman Empire and Iran, had
an overwhelming Muslim majority. Therefore, in order to safeguard Georgia
and to facilitate better communication between Yerevan and Tiflis, Vorontsov,
on June 9, 1849, detached the former Armenian Province from the Tiflis
Province and the predominantly Armenian district of Alexandropol from the
Kutais Province and, after combining them, formed a fifth guberniia, the
Yerevan Province (see Map 2).18
The new province not only was larger than the former Armenian Province,
but also had better transportation routes to and from the central Russian
administration of the Caucasus. It is important to add that while the northern
half of the province had a solid Armenian majority, the southern half continued to have a Muslim majority.19 This fact would play a major role in the
formation of Soviet Armenia.20
Documents in the Russian archives attest to the fact that the central government, until the 1860s, for all practical purposes, viewed the South Caucasus as colonies.21 With the appointment of Grand Duke Michael
Nikolayevich (1862–1882) as the new viceroy and a series of reforms, this
notion began to alter. One of these allowed the Armenians of the Yerevan
Province and the rest of the South Caucasus to establish parish schools.
In 1864, the new viceroy initiated yet further changes. The Shemakha Province was divided into the Baku Province, created from the former Baku,
Kuba, Karabagh, Sheki and Shirvan khanates, and the Daghestan Province,
formed from the former Derbent Khanate and the lands of the various tribes
of southern Daghestan.
Finally, in 1868, the South Caucasus experienced yet another re-formation,
this time into five new provinces: 1) the Elisavetpol Province, created from the
former khanates of Ganja, Sheki and Karabagh and the former Georgian
districts of Kazakh and Shamshadil, 2) the Yerevan Province, 3) the Tiflis
Province, 4) the Kutais Province, and 5) the Baku Province.
Following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, Russia obtained additional territory in the southwest Caucasus; namely, Kars and Batum. The first
was designated a province and the second a county. Meanwhile, a separate
district, Zakatal, was formed from the former areas of Jar-o-Belokan and

10

Part I

Elisu (see Map 2).22 These administrative divisions remained unchanged until
the Bolshevik Revolution.23
The twentieth century witnessed two events that had a major effect on the
social and economic life of the Yerevan Province: the Armenian Church
Crisis of 1903–1905 and the Armeno-Tatar clashes of 1905–1907. The first
began with the appointment, in 1896, of Prince Grigorii Golitsyn as the
governor-general of the Caucasus. Between 1898 and 1903, Golitsyn, who
viewed the Armenians as “separatists,” sent inflammatory anti-Armenian reports
to Emperor Nicholas II (r. 1894–1917). On June 24, 1903, the tsar issued a
decree by which the state confiscated all properties of the Armenian Church
that were not essential to the performance of religious services. Moreover, the
state completely removed the Church’s jurisdiction over its schools.
The attack on their Church united all Armenians, and for the next two
years, Armenians responded with violence, killing and wounding Russian
officials, including Golitsyn himself.24 By 1905, the tsar, beset with the crisis
of the 1905 Revolution, accepted the advice of the new viceroy, Count Illarion
Vorontsov-Dashkov (1904–1916), to rescind the decree and to return the
property and schools of the Armenian Church.
The second crisis followed on the heels of the first; that is, during the
period of the Russian Revolution of 1905–1907. It initially began as isolated
attacks on Armenians by their Tatar neighbors in Baku and then spread to
various other cities and towns, such as Nakhichevan and Elisavetpol. The rise
of the better-educated Armenians to administrative posts in the South Caucasus and their economic success had fermented suspicions, jealousies and
rivalries, which then erupted into bloody clashes. Russian officials reacted
slowly to the conflict and, according to some historians, with the specific
purpose of distracting the region from the revolutionary fervor in Russia.
Many died on both sides and a great deal of property was destroyed.25
Although the situation returned to normal in 1909, Armenian revolutionaries
in Russia remained in jail until 1912. The start of World War I brought a
rapprochement between Armenian lay and religious leaders and the Russian
state. The tsar and the viceroy appealed to the Armenians to join in the
defense of the empire, and Armenians responded with enthusiasm. The Bolshevik Revolution and subsequent events resulted in great and unexpected
changes to the Yerevan Province and all of the South Caucasus.

Notes
1 Russian historians refer to this area as the Trans-Caucasus, while some Iranian
historians call it Trans-Aras. Both of these indicate a geographical bias. I have
chosen the neutral term of South Caucasus.
2 The names in parentheses, used initially, are the Persian pronunciation of place
names.
3 The siege of Ganja began at the end of 1803.
4 It should be noted, however, that the khans of Karabagh, Sheki and Shirvan had
signed separate treaties, in 1805–1806, submitting to Russia with the proviso that

Historical Setting

5
6
7
8
9

10

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25

11

they and their heirs would remain in charge of administering the internal affairs of
their provinces.
For the terms Azarbayjan and Azerbaijan, see Transliteration, Terminology,
Toponyms and Dates.
It was renamed as Elisavetpol in 1804.
This refers to the historic Armenian region of Shirak (referred to as Shuragel in
some sources). It was renamed as Alexandropol in 1837.
See Chapter III for more details.
The original Russian text of the statutes issued on March 11, 1836, is in PSZR, XI
(no. 8970), 194–209. For the English translation of the entire document, see G. A.
Bournoutian, Russia and the Armenians of Transcaucasia, 1797–1889: A
Documentary Record (Costa Mesa, 1998), 350–368.
See G. A. Bournoutian’s The Khanate of Erevan under Qajar Rule, 1795–1828
(New York, 1992), 107–113, and The 1829–1832 Russian Surveys of the Khanate of
Nakhichevan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian
Province Prior to its Annexation by Russia (Costa Mesa, 2016), 44–48.
This was especially true in Nakhichevan, where Ehsan Khan and Sheikh `Ali Beg,
who had surrendered `Abbasabad and Ordubad to the Russians, continued as
high-level functionaries; see Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 19.
See Chapter V on land tenure and Chapter VII on taxes.
The Armenians who had emigrated from Iran were especially unhappy, claiming
that they had enjoyed better treatment in Iran.
The decree can be found in Akty, IX (Tiflis, 1884), doc. 27.
The coat of arms of the new province included a drawing of Noah’s Ark on top of
Mt. Ararat.
See G. A. Bournoutian, Armenians and Russia, 1626–1797: A Documentary Record
(Costa Mesa, 2001), docs. 40, 46, 53, 55, 59, 64, 72–73, 149, 319–320 and 326–327.
That is, the later Surmalu, Sharur-Daralagez and Nakhichevan districts (see
Map 3).
The imperial decree went into effect on January 1, 1850.
As we have seen, the northern and northwestern districts of Alexandropol, NovoBayazet and Echmiadzin continued to have an Armenian majority, while the
southern and southwestern districts of Surmalu, Sharur-Daralagez and Nakhichevan
remained Muslim strongholds. For more details, see Chapter III.
See Concluding Remarks.
I. P. Petrushevskii and N. G. Bogdanova, eds. Kolonial’naia politika rossiiskogo
tsarizma v Azerbaidzhane v 20–60 gg. XIX veka [The Colonial Policy of Tsarist
Russia in Azerbaijan in the 1820s–1860s], 2 vols. (Moscow, 1936–1937).
For an excellent historical geography and maps indicating the above changes, see
A. Tsutsiev, Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (New Haven,
2014), 18–22.
Ibid., 23–32.
He left the region in 1904.
Luigi Villari, who traveled in the region in 1905 taking photographs, blamed the
indifference of the Russian officials; for more details, see his Fire and Sword in the
Caucasus (London, 1906). Sources differ on the number of dead; see Hovannisian,
Armenia on the Road, 20, n. 64.

II The Land

Most of the terrain of the Yerevan Province had historically experienced volcanic activity, and there were many acres covered by tufa, trachyte, basalt,
dolerite and obsidian rocks. Its plains ranged from 2,500 feet above sea level
along the Arax River valley in the Sharur and Surmalu districts to 6,500 feet
above sea level at Lake Gökcha in the Novo-Bayazet District. The main
mountain peaks were Great Ararat (16,916 feet), Mt. Alagöz [Aragats]
(13,436 feet) and Lesser Ararat (12,840 feet). Over 40% of the province was
located at a height of more than 6,000 feet above sea level.
Compared to its neighbors, the province was lacking in forests. It had some
283 square miles in 25 locations of what could be considered dense woods or
forests. They were generally located on the slopes of mountains and ravines.
The ancient forests had long ago been stripped, and the remnants were actually dense or sparse woods covered with trees, bushes and shrubs. Close to
half of the forests were in the Sharur-Daralagez District and the rest in the
Novo-Bayazet, Yerevan, Nakhichevan, Echmiadzin and Alexandropol districts.1 The district of Surmalu had no significant wooded areas. The dominant species were oak, beech, pine, ash, maple, elm, birch, juniper and aspen.
The oak was of good quality, while the rest was used mainly as firewood or
charcoal. Since wood was rare, most villagers used dried dung chips for
cooking and baked bricks for constructing their living quarters.
The climatic conditions varied depending upon the elevation and thus,
despite the small territory of the province, fluctuated from district to district.
Most regions had hot summers and very cold winters. Temperatures could
range from a high of +40 degrees to a low of −25 degrees Celsius. Such
weather conditions, combined with the mountainous and rocky terrain, as
well as the low precipitation,2 allowed the inhabitants to farm a little over
20% of the total land. The terrain and the generally dry climate forced many
of the inhabitants to engage in pastoralism. According to the official statistics,
over 29% of the total land was composed of pastures. The figures indicate,
therefore, that only half of the land of the province was utilized at all in one
way or another. The other half was composed of mountains, ravines, gorges,
cliffs, rocky terrain, empty or abandoned plots, rivers, lakes, springs and
swamps.3 According to the figures published in 1902 and 1906, the total

The Land

13

amount of agricultural and pastoral land was 1,280,094 and 1,334,951 desiatins4 (5,400 to 5,632 square miles), respectively,5 the total of which fell to
5,390 square miles in 1910.6 In general, one-third of this land was used for
farming and two-thirds was pastureland.
Farmland was divided into fields that required irrigation and those that
could grow crops relying on rainfall and melting snow. They were separated
yet further into lands that grew grain and cotton and fields reserved for
growing animal fodder.
Weather conditions dictated the amount of land utilized for crops and
fodder. If there were not enough rain or snowfall in a particular year, the
peasants would increase the size of the fodder fields or plant grains that did
not require too much water. Overall, the dry climate of the province meant
that more crops were cultivated on unirrigated lands. For example, the figures
for 1906 indicate that 191,369 desiatins of land grew crops that required irrigation, while 305,989 desiatins grew crops that did not. Moreover, 22,149
desiatins grew fodder on irrigated lands, while 34,641 desiatins grew fodder on
unirrigated lands.7 In 1910, the irrigated fields, due to drought and blight, fell
to 189,357 desiatins and the unirrigated rose to 314,185 desiatins. Less lucrative but more drought-resistant crops replaced cash crops, such as rice, cotton
and wheat. Thus, the total income from agricultural land fell considerably.8
Pastureland composed some two-thirds of all the land utilized by the
inhabitants. There were two types of pastures used by nomads and settled
people: yaylaks in summer and kishlaks in winter.9 The summer pastures,
measuring 620,755 desiatins, started at an elevation of 7,000 feet and reached
the snow level at 12,000 feet. Winter pastures, some 136,789 desiatins, did not
go over 3,000 feet and were, for the most part, used by the Kurds and settled
Tatar inhabitants, whose lands did not have enough precipitation and were
not suitable for planting crops. Some winter pastures, where the snow melted
early and the land received direct sunlight, could reach 7,000 feet. Here, the
grass, if it had not been eaten or trampled in the summer, would appear in
spring, and the land became suitable for winter sheepfolds or ağıls.
The rural population of the Yerevan Province lived in villages. More than
99% of the arable land was used for farming, small vegetable gardens, orchards, vineyards and pastures. Less than 1% of the land was used for dwellings
(cottages, huts and animal shelters), a clear indication of living conditions
that had to give greater importance to food production than personal
comfort.10
None of the rivers in the Yerevan Province were navigable. Except for the
Arax River, all other rivers in the Yerevan Province were relatively small,
formed by mountain streams or springs flowing rapidly in deep gorges. They
all had their sources in the highlands and mountains of the Armenian Plateau. The amount of water available depended on the annual snowfall and
especially rainfall, which in some districts added up to barely ten inches a year.
The generally dry climate of the Yerevan Province had necessitated artificial irrigation throughout the history of its settlement. In fact, without various

14

Part I

irrigation methods, agriculture in much of the province was simply not possible.11 Irrigation canals (arkh) or underground water conduits dug during the
Iranian period, known as kariz (also called qanat), as well as artificial reservoirs were vital for growing grain. All seven districts of the province depended
on canals, kariz, wells or streams for their drinking water and farming.
The Yerevan District used irrigation canals and streams from the Zangi
[Hrazdan], Vedi, Garni [Azat] and Kırk-Bulagh [Getar] rivers and their tributaries, which flowed through the former Zangi-Basar, Vedi-Basar, GarniBasar and Kırk-Bulagh mahals of the Yerevan Khanate. The Echmiadzin
District had canals from the Arax, Karbi [Amberd], Kara-su and western
Arpa [Akhurian] rivers and their tributaries, which flowed through the former
Karbi-Basar, Talin, Sa`dlu and Sardarabad mahals of the Yerevan Khanate.
The Alexandropol District was watered by the Talin and western Arpa rivers
and their tributaries, which flowed through the former Abaran mahal, while
the Novo-Bayazet District, or the former Darachichak and Gökcha mahals,
was watered by streams flowing into Lake Gökcha. The waters from the Arax
and Kara-Su rivers irrigated the Surmalu District. The eastern Arpa River
and its tributaries irrigated the Sharur-Daralagez District, while the Arax,
Nakhichevan, Alinja [Əlincə] and Gilan rivers and their tributaries watered
the Nakhichevan District (see Maps 5–11).
The noted Russian cartographer Ivan Afanasevich Streblinskii (1828–1900)
had measured the Yerevan Province as encompassing 27,830 square kilometers, or 10,745.22 square miles.12 His figure, however, must not have
included Lake Gökcha (Sevan), for it differs from the official government
data. According to the figures published by the Yerevan provincial administration, as well as by the central Russian administration of the Caucasus in
Tiflis, both of which included Lake Sevan, the Yerevan Province measured
25,654 square versts, 13 or 11,273 square miles.14
Between 1850 and 1917 the Yerevan Province was located between 38°54’
and 41°13’ latitude North and between 43°51’ and 46°1’ longitude East. It
formed an irregular elongated shape, which stretched from the northwest to
the southeast and from the southern part of the lesser Caucasus mountain
chain to the eastern part of the Armenian Plateau (see Map 1).
The borders of the province, some 693 miles, ran along those of the Ottoman Empire, Iran and the Russian provinces of Tiflis and Elisavetpol. Its
northern border stretched some 168 miles along the Akhalkalak and Borchalu u’ezds (districts) of the Tiflis Province and the Kazakh and Elisavetpol
districts of the Elisavetpol Province. Its eastern border, some 156.5 miles,
neighbored the Jevanshir and Zangezur districts of the Elisavetpol Province.
In the west, for some 120 miles, the Yerevan Province bordered the Kars
and Kagizman districts of the Kars Province, while in the south it stretched
some 86 miles along the Pashalik of Bayazid in the Ottoman Empire and for
some 162 miles bordered the districts of Maku, Qaradagh and Marand in the
Iranian Province of Azarbayjan (see Map 2).

The Land

15

Until 1872, the various districts of the Yerevan Province continued to be
called by their Persian designation of mahal or small district.15 After 1872,
the province was divided into seven u’ezds, or larger districts: Yerevan, Echmiadzin, Surmalu, Nakhichevan, Alexandropol, Sharur-Daralagez (Daralagöz)16 and Novo-Bayazet. The Novo-Bayazet District was the largest and the
Sharur-Daralagez the smallest. Each district was divided into a number of
police prefectures (politseiskii uchastok), and each police prefecture was in charge
of a number of village communes (sel’skoe obshchestvo), which themselves
were composed of a number of villages.
The first complete information on each of the seven districts was published
between 1902 and 1910.17 It reveals that the Yerevan District, including the
city of Yerevan, measured 1,243 square miles and was divided into four police
prefectures. The first prefecture had three communes (Kanaker, Bash-Garni
and Aramus) with 62 villages. The second prefecture had three communes
(Imanshalu, Shirabad and Noragavit) with 44 villages. The third prefecture
had four communes (Qamarlu, Köylasar, Oghurbeglu and Assyrian Dvin)
with 54 villages. The fourth prefecture had six communes (Davalu, Karakhach, Sadarak, Armik, Burukin and Vedi-chay) with 82 villages. Overall,
the district had 16 communes and 242 villages (see Map 5).18
The city of Yerevan was the administrative center of the Yerevan Province.19 In 1900, the city and its suburbs measured some 18.75 square miles,
of which only 1 square mile contained dwellings. The remainder consisted of
a 35-acre cemetery, roads, 5 square miles of agricultural land, more than 5.5
square miles of fruit orchards and vegetable gardens, an equal amount of
pastures, and canals and fallow land.20
The British traveler Henry Lynch, who visited Yerevan in 1893–1894, considered it an Oriental city, with narrow streets and houses built from bricks
and clay and with flat roofs that were used for sleeping in the hot summer
months. The town was dusty but the orchards and brooks made a pleasant
contrast.21 In the first decade of the twentieth century, however, the city, as
will be seen, grew and altered dramatically (see Map 4).
The Echmiadzin District measured 1,436 square miles and was divided into
four police prefectures. The first prefecture had five communes (Vagharshapat, Aytagh, Kızıl-Tamur, Khatun-Arkh and Choban-Kara) with 32 villages. The second prefecture had five communes (Ashtarak, Kara-Kilisa,
Yeghvard, Bash-Abaran and Parbi) with 64 villages. The third prefecture had
four communes (Kurdukuli, Sardarabad, Shahriyar and Karkhun) with 42
villages in all. The fourth prefecture had four communes (Kosh, Lower
Aghja-Kala, Talin and Bugutli) with 78 villages. Overall, the district had 18
communes and 216 villages (see Map 6).
The Surmalu District measured 1,402.5 square miles and was divided into
three police prefectures. The first prefecture had four communes (Igdir, Yaiji,
Evjilyar and `Ali-Kochak) with 60 villages. The second prefecture had three
communes (Dashburun, Aralık-Bashkend and Radikin) with 60 villages. The
third prefecture had six communes (Oghruja, Kulpi, Radiki-Sinak, Gülluja,

16

Part I

Jalali-Sakanli and Yezidi-Hasanli) with 106 villages. Overall, the district had
13 communes and 226 villages (see Map 7).
The Nakhichevan District, including the cities of Nakhichevan and Ordubad, measured 1,773.5 square miles and was divided into four police prefectures. The first prefecture had three communes (Tumbul, Qivraq and
Sheikh-Mahmud) with 31 villages.
The second prefecture had four communes (Jaghri, Karmali, Digin-Almali
and Karababa) with 47 villages. The third prefecture had three communes
(Nehram, Kazanchi and Abrakunis) with 37 villages. The fourth prefecture
had four communes (Akulis, Chananab, Vanand and Aza) with 52 villages.
Overall, the district had 14 communes and 167 villages (see Map 9).
The Sharur-Daralagez District measured 1,346.35 square miles and was
divided into two police prefectures. The first prefecture had seven communes
(Zeyva, Karaburj, Engija, Yayji, Pusiyan, Alaklu and Bash-Norashen) with
64 villages. The second prefecture had five communes (Kozulji, Keshishkend,
Martiros, Gindevaz and Alagez) with 100 villages. Overall, the district had 12
communes and 164 villages (see Map 8).
The Novo-Bayazet District, including the city of Novo-Bayazet, measured
2,260.75 square miles and was divided into four police prefectures. The first
prefecture had six communes (Arzakend, Kiankian, Russian Lower Akhty,
Armenian Lower Akhty, Randamal and Taycharukh) with 41 villages. The
second prefecture had three communes (Yelenovka, Chirchir and Aghzibir)
with 21 villages. The third prefecture had three communes (Dali-Kardash,
Göl and Karanlugh) with 25 villages. The fourth prefecture had four communes (Güzeldara, Basarkechar, Mazra and Jil) with 49 villages. Overall, the
district had 16 communes and 136 villages (see Map 11).22
The city of Novo-Bayazet, originally called Gavar or Gyavar, had been the
center of the Gökcha mahal. The city and the mahal received its new name
following the immigration of 8,557 Armenians from the town of Bayazid
after the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829.23 In 1900, the city and its suburbs
measured some 46.85 square miles, of which only 0.35 square miles contained
dwellings. The rest was 0.43 miles of roads and paths, 26 square miles of
farmland, 0.0078 square miles of fruit orchards, some 6.5 square miles of
fodder fields, 0.31 square miles of fallow land, 13 square miles of pastures,
and 0.34 square miles covered by springs and canals.24
The Alexandropol District, including the city of Alexandropol, measured
1,810.3 square miles and was divided into four police prefectures. The first
prefecture had seven communes (Nalband, Nikitin, Big Karakilis, Bozikend,
Hamamlu, Voskresenskoe and Saral) with 37 villages. The second prefecture
had five communes (Kaftarli, Haji-Khalil, Mirak, Kapanak and Jajur) with
45 villages. The third prefecture had five communes (Kızıl-Koch, Illi Karakilis, Orta-Kilisa, Small Karakilis and `Alikhan) with 45 villages. The fourth
prefecture had five communes (Artik, Soghutli, Khorom, Tovshan-Kishlak
and Molla-Gökcha) with 39 villages. Overall, the district had 22 communes
and 166 villages (see Map 10).25

The Land

17

The city of Alexandropol was, at the start of the nineteenth century, the
sparsely populated village of Gümri, which lay within the district of Shuragöl
[Shirak]. The district was ruled by a soltan who had to maintain his autonomy by placating both the Georgian vali and the khan of Yerevan. In 1805, at
the start of the First Russo-Iranian War, General Tsitsianov annexed the district to Georgia. The town served as a fortified post and an advance base for
the Russian army during the 1828–1829 Russo-Turkish War. In 1837, Tsar
Nicholas, following his visit to the region, renamed Gümri as Alexandropol,
in honor of his wife Alexandra. Thereafter, the entire district was called
Alexandropol. In 1849/1850, Viceroy Vorontsov attached the district to the
newly formed Yerevan Province. The city was transformed into a major
defensive and offensive center and remained so even after the Russian
annexation of the great fortress of Kars in 1878.26 According to Lynch, the
city had an Armenian cemetery and steep hilly streets.27
Thus, the total territory of the Yerevan Province, which measured 25,654
versts, or 11,273 square miles, was divided into 25 police prefectures and 111
village communes with 1,295 villages and pastures.28 Although the number of
villages recorded between 1900 and 1914 varied slightly, the borders and districts
remained unchanged until the events that followed the Bolshevik Revolution.

Notes
1 PK/1908, part II, 24.
2 The average annual rainfall, recorded between the 1880s and 1910, was between
9.3 inches (in Kulpi) and 22.3 inches (in Yelenovka); KK (1911), 84–85.
3 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
4 One desiatina equaled 2.7 acres.
5 PK/1902, part III, 99; PK/1906, part III, 119.
6 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
7 PK/1906, part III, 118–119.
8 See Chapter VII.
9 The Russian sources use these Turkish terms. The Persian versions are yeylaq and
qeshlaq.
10 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
11 See Chapters IV and V for more details.
12 See the entry for Erivanskaia Guberniia in F. A. Brokguaz and I. A. Efron,
Entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ [Encyclopedic Dictionary] (St. Petersburg, 1890–1907).
13 A Russian verst equaled 1.06 kilometers or 3,500 English feet.
14 PK/1908, part II, 2–3; KK/1907, part II, 6.
15 The Khanate of Yerevan had 15 mahals and that of Nakhichevan, 10 mahals. For
more details, see Bournoutian, Erevan, 33–38, and Bournoutian, Nakhichevan,
29–32, 226–227.
16 Sources cited in this study refer to the local designation of Daralagöz as
Daralagez, while some non-Russian sources call it Daralagiaz or Daralayez.
17 For the years 1902–1910, each yearbook is called the Pamiatnaia knizhka
Erivanskoi Gubernii; see Note on the Sources.
18 There are discrepancies within the 1902–1910 figures. Some registers list 242 villages, while others list 224 villages. The populations of 18 villages had moved away
to other districts or communes; see Part II, Table I.

18

Part I

19 Although the city of Yerevan was the provincial capital, its population, according
to the 1897 census, was smaller (29,033) than that of Alexandropol (32,018), which
was the most populated city of the Yerevan Province. Moreover, according to the
same census, while Alexandropol was almost entirely populated by Armenians
(21,578 Armenians versus 1,263 Muslims), only half (12,526) of the permanent
residents of the city of Yerevan were Armenian, the other half (12,516) being
Muslims. There were also other inhabitants: Russians, Poles, Ukrainians, Greeks,
Georgians, Jews, Iranians, Germans and gypsies; see Chapter III for more details.
20 ZD/I, 2–3.
21 H. F. B. Lynch, Armenia, Travels and Studies, I (London, 1901), 206–208.
22 The Novo-Bayazet District was home to Russian sectarians (the Dukhobors and
the Molokans), who had settled there in the mid-1840s and populated ten villages;
see Part II, Table VII.
23 Bournoutian, Erevan, 229.
24 ZD/II, 70–71.
25 For the names of all the villages in the seven districts, see Part II, Tables I–VII.
26 Since the district has almost no woods, the timber for the construction of the
houses and barracks was purchased from the Pasha of Kars; Lynch, Armenia, I,
125.
27 Ibid., 127.
28 The information utilized for this study (Part II, Tables I–VII) is from the 1908
yearbook. However, it should be noted that the number of villages differs depending on the date of the information. The 1886 census has a total of 1,334 villages;
the 1900 data has a total of 1,277 villages, and the 1904 data has a total of 1,301
tax-paying villages. The alphabetical table of all the 1,351 populated and depopulated
villages of the province appears in PK/1912, part III, 2–62.

III The People

There is no consensus on when the Armenians became a minority in the Arax
Valley, in the Yerevan Khanate or in the city of Yerevan. Some historians
assert that despite numerous devastations, particularly during the wars
between the Byzantines and the Seljuks, the Arax Valley continued to have an
Armenian majority well into the fourteenth century and that it was only after
the campaigns of Timur that the area lost its Armenian majority and was
settled by the Ak-Koyunlu and Kara-Koyunlu Turkmen tribal
confederations.1
Other scholars argue that the Armenians held a majority in the region up
until the Iranian-Ottoman wars – specifically, to the year 1604 when Shah
`Abbas forcibly exiled thousands of Armenian families across the Arax River
to Iran and, in order to establish his control over the state, removed a number
of Turkic and Kurdish tribes from the central Iranian provinces to the borderlands in the South Caucasus. The ten-year occupation of the region by the
Ottomans and the campaigns of Nader Shah and Aqa Mohammad Khan
Qajar, all of which occurred in the eighteenth century, forced more Armenian
families to leave for Georgia and Russia. Immediately after the annexation of
Georgia, Russian officials invited Armenians to leave the neighboring khanates and immigrate to Georgia.2 The campaigns in Yerevan of Tsitsianov in
1804 and Gudovich in 1808 encouraged numerous Armenian families to
depart the khanate and settle in Georgia.3
Following the Second Russo-Iranian War (1828), Russia combined the
former Iranian khanates of Yerevan and Nakhichevan into the newly formed
Armenian Province (Armianskaia Oblast’).4 According to the Russian surveys, conducted from 1829 to 1832, the Muslim (Tatar, Kurdish and Iranian)5
population of the Yerevan Khanate in the last year of Iranian rule had totaled
49,875, or 71.5%, of the population, while the native Armenian population
numbered 20,073, or 28.5%. The Muslim population of the former Nakhichevan Khanate had totaled 24,385 persons, or 83%, while the Armenian
population was 5,078, or 17%.
According to the 1829–1832 Russian surveys, on the eve of the Russian
conquest the total population of the future Armenian Province (that is, the
combined total of the Yerevan and Nakhichevan khanates) had been 99,411

20

Part I

people,6 of which 74,260, or 75%, were Muslim and 25,151, or 25%, were
Armenian.7 In addition, Armenians had a majority in only 3 of the 15 mahals
of the Yerevan Khanate and in only 1 of the 10 mahals in the Nakhichevan
Khanate.8
Archival documents clearly demonstrate that since the start of the eighteenth century, a handful of Armenian leaders in Russia, Georgia and Karabagh had been urging Russian rulers and officials to free their compatriots
from Muslim rule and place them under the protection of Russia.9 Armenian
volunteers from Georgia and Karabagh had also assisted Russian troops
during the Russo-Iranian wars.10 During the long peace negotiations at DehKharqan, Russian diplomats and military commanders, in order to create a
reliable Christian defensive line on their Georgian-Ottoman border as well as
to comply with the wishes of the Armenians and their Russian supporters,
added Article XV to the final treaty signed in Turkmanchay in February of
1828.
Article XV stated that any of the inhabitants of the Azarbayjan Province in
Iran who wanted to emigrate had one year to transport themselves and their
families freely from Iran into Russian-held lands. They could transport or sell
their movable property without the government or local authorities having
the right to place the least obstacle in their way or to impose any tax or add
any duties on the goods and objects sold or exported by them. As for their
immovable property, they would have a term of five years to sell or to dispose
of it as they wished.11
The new Russian administration was also instructed to provide logistical
and financial assistance to the immigrants. Although the article did not specifically mention them, it was intended solely for the repatriation of the
Armenians whose ancestors had been forcibly transported to Iran in the early
seventeenth century. Announcements written in Armenian were circulated in
Armenian villages, and Russian soldiers, some of them Armenian, together
with Cossacks “strongly persuaded” any reluctant Armenian to leave Iran.12
Between 1828 and 1831, 35,560 Armenians left the Azarbayjan Province
and moved into the newly formed Russian Armenian Province, which was
soon identified as “Russian Armenia” in order to distinguish it from “Turkish
Armenia.” By 1831, following the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829, 21,666
more Armenians immigrated from the pashaliks of Bayazid and Kars into the
new Russian Armenia. By 1832, according to the above-mentioned surveys,
there were 82,377 Armenians in the territory of the Armenian Province.
Meanwhile, 7,813 Tatar and Kurdish nomads who had left the region during
the war had returned to their pasturelands, increasing the Muslim population
to 82,073. Thus, the total population of the new Armenian Province in 1832
was 164,450,13 Armenians forming 50.09% and Muslims 49.91%. Two centuries after their forced exile, the Armenians had only achieved parity with
the Muslims in part of their historical homeland.
The administrative changes of 1840 and 184914 required the collection of
additional statistical information. In 1842, a survey was conducted in the

The People

21

Trans-Caucasus to enumerate the population living in the urban centers.
According to that survey, the city of Yerevan had 12,310 inhabitants.15 In
1856, a similar survey of the Trans-Caucasus provinces was conducted,
according to which the Yerevan Province (with the newly added Alexandropol
District) had a population of 262,177 inhabitants.16 The city of Yerevan itself
had a population of 13,179 in that same year.17 Other sources indicate that
Russian Armenia, after some three decades of Russian rule, was little changed
by the presence of Russian administrators. The former Muslim officials and
landowners, together with some Armenian notables as well as the religious
hierarchies, continued to hold sway and delayed the economic growth of the
province. Several cholera epidemics also played a role in keeping down the
growth of the population.18
The rural reforms of 1872 and the administrative changes that followed
apparently resulted in a dramatic shift. A new census, conducted in 1886,
indicated that the Yerevan Province now had 78,672 households19 with a total
of 670,400 inhabitants.20 Therefore, 30 years after the 1856 survey, the population of the Yerevan Province seems to have more than doubled thanks to
land reforms, improvements in sanitation, the availability of medical care and
especially the arrival of Armenian immigrants following the 1877–1878
Russo-Turkish War.21
By the end of the nineteenth century, the Russian government embarked on
a number of ambitious undertakings, one of which was the construction of
the Trans-Siberian Railway. In addition, influenced by the administrative
reforms of Sergei Witte and the science of statistics introduced into Russia by
Peter Semyonov Tyan-Shanskii, the Ministry of Internal Affairs commissioned the first official and complete census of the entire Russian Empire
(minus Finland). Its purpose was to record the exact demographic data as of
January 15 (Old Style), 1897.
Some 135,000 surveyors, composed of teachers, priests and literate soldiers,
visited every household and recorded, among other things, the family name,
given name, patronymic or nickname, gender, relation to the head of household,
age, marital status, social status (rank, title), place of birth, place of residence,
religion, mother language, literacy and occupation of every person in the 89
provinces of the Russian Empire, which stretched through 12 time zones, from
the Baltic and the White seas in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.
The result of the 1897 census was published in 1905 in over a hundred
fascicules.22 Statistical information from fascicules 6 and 7 contained important data on the 11 provinces of the Caucasus, 5 provinces in the North
Caucasus and 6 in the South Caucasus, the latter of which included the
Yerevan Province.
According to the census, the total population of the province was 829,556
males and females. The census gives a breakdown of the population of the
seven districts of the province: Alexandropol: 165,503; Yerevan: 150,879;
Echmiadzin: 124,237; Novo-Bayazet: 122,573; Nakhichevan: 100,771;
Surmalu: 89,055; Sharur-Daralagez: 76,538.23

22

Part I

The census also provided the percentages of the population according to
their ethnicity and primary language as follows:24
Armenians, with 439,926 inhabitants, formed 53.00%.
Tatars,25 with 313,176 inhabitants, constituted 37.75%.
Kurds (Muslims and Yezidi), with 48,660 persons, formed 5.86%.
Russians, with 15,937 individuals, formed 1.90%
Assyrians, Greeks, Georgians, Jews, gypsies, and others26 made up 2.49%.27
The percentages changed slightly when the inhabitants were identified by
their religious affiliation:
Armenian Apostolic, with 432,042 persons, formed 52.08%.
Armenian Catholics, with 7,884 persons, constituted 0.96%.
Muslims,28 with 350,099 persons, formed 42.20%.
Yezidi Kurds,29 with 13,817 persons, constituted 1.66%.
Orthodox (Russians, Greeks and Georgians), with 16,398 persons, formed
1.98%
Old Believers,30 Jews, gypsies, Assyrians, European Catholics and others, with
9,316 persons, made up 1.12%.
Finally, the census revealed the fact that some 740,000 souls, or 89.2% of
the population, were engaged in farming or some sort of pastoral life. The
urban population, which resided in five cities (Alexandropol, Yerevan, NovoBayazet, Nakhichevan and Ordubad) and three administrative centers in the
Echmiadzin, Surmalu and Sharur-Daralagez districts, totaled around 89,500
individuals, or 10.8%.31 Of these, some 53,000 were shopkeepers, craftsmen32
or day laborers, and the rest belonged to families of landowners, clergy and
“respected citizens.”33 The Armenians formed 60.2%, the Tatars 27.3%, the
Russians 10.4% and the others 2.1% of the urban population.34
The 1897 census ascertained that the Yerevan Province was the only province in the Caucasus where the Armenians formed a majority of the population. However, even after seven decades of Russian rule, the Armenians
made up the majority in only three of its seven districts: Alexandropol, NovoBayazet and Echmiadzin, while the Muslims formed a majority in the Surmalu, Nakhichevan, Sharur-Daralagez and Yerevan districts. Furthermore, in
the city of Yerevan, the administrative center of the province, the Armenians
were basically on par with the Muslims.35
Although the city of Yerevan was the provincial capital, its population,
according to the 1897 census, was smaller (29,006) than that of Alexandropol
(30,616), which was the most populated city of the Yerevan Province. Moreover, while Alexandropol, according to the same census, was almost entirely
populated by Armenians (21,578 Armenians versus 1,263 Muslims), only half
(12,526) of the permanent residents of the city of Yerevan were Armenian, the
other half (12,516) being Muslims. The city also included other inhabitants:

The People

23

Russians, Poles, Ukrainians, Greeks, Georgians, Jews, Iranians, Germans and
gypsies.
Between the years 1902 and 1912, the Yerevan provincial administration
published demographic figures in its official biennial yearbooks.36 Unfortunately, however, these figures are not consistent in terms of the specific categories included. Each volume contains some but not all of the information on
the exact number of people, their ethnicity, their gender or whether they lived
in urban or rural parts of the province. The information, therefore, resembles
a jigsaw puzzle that reveals only part of the complete picture. For example,
according to the first yearbook published in 1902, there were 99,974 taxpaying rural households in the Yerevan Province in 1900.37 However, the figures do not indicate urban households or tax-exempt households or give a
gender breakdown.38
The third yearbook, published in 1906, lists 102,107 tax-paying rural
households in 1905, an increase of 2,133 households, or just over 2%. It also
provides information on the population of the five urban towns in that year,
the total of 84,921 persons breaking down as follows: Alexandropol: 33,879;
Yerevan: 28,910; Novo-Bayazet: 9,838; Nakhichevan: 7,353; and Ordubad:
4,941.39 Although the figures do not indicate the religious or gender breakdown of the citizens, they reveal that the urban population of the Yerevan
Province had increased by 2,881 persons (almost all of it in Alexandropol)
since the 1897 census.
The most detailed information on the number of households as well as the
ethnic and gender makeup of each tax-paying village and commune in all the
seven districts of the province was gathered between 1907 and 1909 and is
included in the fourth and fifth yearbooks, published in 1908 and 1910,
respectively. The 1910 yearbook reprinted the population figures of the 1908
yearbook without any changes, but it reveals the ownership status of each
village. These are the last population figures published by the Yerevan Statistical
Committee.40
The demographic data from these yearbooks indicate that in 1907 there
were 107,647 rural households (an increase of over 5%) with a total of
808,642 inhabitants (426,011 males and 382,631 females) in the 1,295 villages
located in the seven districts of the Yerevan Province.41
The ethnic breakdown of the rural population was as follows:
Armenians: 60,942 households (56.20%)
Tatars: 40,790 households (37.45%)
Kurds: 4,668 households (5.10%)
Russians: 767 households (0.73%)
Assyrians: 423 households (0.32%)
Greeks: 57 households, (0.20%)

24

Part I

The statistics from these yearbooks do not include the population of the
urban centers. However, the official statistics for the Caucasus for the year
1907 provide this missing data.42
The total urban population was 90,271, an increase of 5,350 residents.43
Armenians formed a solid majority in the cities of Alexandropol and NovoBayazet, while Tatars comprised the majority of residents in the cities of
Nakhichevan and Ordubad. The city of Yerevan was evenly split between the
two.44
The total urban and rural population of the Yerevan Province on January
1, 1908, was, therefore, 898,913 people, which means that the population of
the Yerevan Province had grown by 69,357 people in the ten years since the
1897 census.45
It is important to note that the average size of rural households varied
considerably, depending on the ethnicity of the villagers as well as the productivity of the land. The average Armenian household was between 6 and 7
persons; that of the Tatars ranged from 6.5 to 7.5 persons; and the Kurdish
households, depending on the commune, numbered from 9 to 10 persons. The
main reason for this discrepancy was possibly due to the fact that some
Muslim men had more than one wife and, therefore, more offspring.46 Most
villages were occupied by members of just one of these ethnic groups,
although some villages, especially in the Nakhichevan District, had a mixed
population of Armenians and Tatars.47 The predominantly Armenian-populated
Echmiadzin, Alexandropol and Novo-Bayazet districts were also more
densely populated than the Muslim-populated districts.
The 1908 figures also indicate that despite the fact that Armenians made up
the overall majority in the province, Muslims continued to form a solid
majority in three of the seven districts – Surmalu, Nakhichevan and SharurDaralagez – and a small majority in the Yerevan District (see the figures
below). The figures, however, also reveal that the dominant ethnic groups
(that is, the Armenians, Tatars and Kurds) each held sway in different police
prefectures and village communes within the seven districts.48 For example, in
the Yerevan District: the Tatars were concentrated in the Bash-Garni, Imanshalu, Shirabad, Noragavit, Sadarak, Vedi-chay, Armik and Davalu communes; the Armenians formed the majority in the Kanaker, Aramus, Köylasar,
Table 3.1 Population of the Urban Centers of the Province in 1907
Yerevan
Armenians
Tatars
Kurds
Russians
Others51
Total

12,913
12,39349
32
1,576
619
27,533

Alexandropol

Novo-Bayazet

Nakhichevan

34,715
1,572
205
1,872
1,007
39,371

9,319
9
152
120
24
9,624

2,354
6,185
0
240
23
8,802

Ordubad
399
4,44750
0
94
1
4,941

The People

25

Oghurbeglu, Qamarlu and Karakhach communes; and the Kurds were the
majority in the Burukin Commune. Although the Tatars formed an overall
majority, all of the police superintendents and 13 of the 16 commune
administrators resided in Armenian-populated villages.52
In the Echmiadzin District, the Armenians were concentrated in the
Aytagh, Vagharshapat, Kızıl-Tamur, Kara-Kilisa, Bash-Abaran, Kurdukuli,
Sardarabad, Shahriyar and Talin communes; the Tatars were mainly in the
Khatun-Arkh, Parbi, Yeghvard, Karkhun, Aghja-Kala and Kosh communes;
while the Kurds were the sole inhabitants of the Bugutli Commune. All the
police superintendents and 16 of the 18 commune administrators resided in
Armenian villages.53
In the Surmalu District, the Tatars were concentrated in the Yaiji, Aralik,
Oghruja and Gülluja communes; the Armenians resided mainly in the Igdir,
Evjilyar and Kulpi communes; while the Kurds lived in the `Ali-Kochak,
Radikin and Jalali-Sakanli communes. All the three police superintendents
and five of the 13 commune administrators lived in Armenian villages.54
In the Sharur-Daralagez District, although the Tatars and Kurds had a
clear majority, one of the two police superintendents lived in an Armenian
village and five of the ten commune administrators also lived in Armenian
settlements.55
In the Nakhichevan District, the Tatars and Kurds held an overwhelming
majority; however, two of the four police superintendents lived in Armenian
villages. In addition 9 of the 14 sector administrators lived in Armenian
villages.56
In the Alexandropol District, the Armenians constituted some 92% of the
population. All four police superintendents and 14 out of the 19 commune
administrators resided in Armenian villages, three in Russian villages, one in a
Tatar village and one in a Kurdish village.57
In the Novo-Bayazet District, the Armenians held an overwhelming
majority. However two of the four police superintendents resided in Russian
villages and the other two in Armenian villages. Ten commune administrators
lived in Armenian villages, four in Tatar villages and two in Russian
villages.58
It is very likely that the local Russian officials must have felt more comfortable residing in Armenian settlements, not simply because they were
Christian but also because they were able to employ assistants who could
speak and read Russian.59
Although the fourth and fifth yearbooks do not contain information on the
population in the urban centers,60 they, nevertheless, provide important
demographic information on the period following the turbulent years between
1903 and 1907.61 For example, the population of the Nakhichevan and
Sharur-Daralagez districts had changed drastically. While in 1900 SharurDaralagez had 10,418 households and Nakhichevan had 14,741, in 1908
Sharur-Daralagez had 8,643 households and Nakhichevan had 13,213. Thus,
despite the overall population increase during those years, that of Nakhichevan

26

Part I

had decreased by 1,528 households and that of Sharur-Daralagez by 1,775
households. It is safe to assume that the decrease was due to the ArmenoTatar clashes and the departure of Armenians to the safer Novo-Bayazet and
Alexandropol districts, where Armenians not only had an overwhelming
majority but also, in conjunction with the Russians, were in charge of
numerous administrative posts. Another reason for the decline was the epidemics that had swept through the Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez
districts.62
In analyzing all of these figures, Christians made up 57.45% and Muslims
42.55% of the total rural population.63
Such growth paled in comparison with that of the provinces that had
Muslim and Georgian majorities; that is, the Baku and Elisavetpol provinces
and Tiflis and Kutais provinces. At the dawn of the new century, the former
had a population of 1,668,074 and the latter 1,964,599. While it is true that
the territory of these provinces was larger than that of the Yerevan Province,
the main reason for the slow growth of the Yerevan Province was the reliance
on its agricultural economy. Only around a tenth of the population of the
province resided in urban centers. In contrast, about a fifth of the population
of the Tiflis and Baku provinces resided in urban centers. In fact, some
200,000 more Armenians lived in the Baku, Elisavetpol, Kutais, Kars and
Tiflis provinces than in the Yerevan Province.64
Moreover, the oil industry in Baku had made it the largest city in the South
Caucasus.65 Meanwhile, the city of Tiflis, by blending elements of East and
West, became the cosmopolitan center of the South Caucasus. As a regional
center of European arts and fashion, the city became a draw for the Georgian
and Armenian educated classes.66
Unlike most of the Muslims, the Armenians had taken advantage of the
educational institutions that had opened in the province in the last two decades of the nineteenth century. They learned Russian and were employed by
the local Russian officials as interpreters and junior administrators.67 The
Tiflis, Kutais and Baku provinces, therefore, enticed a large number of highly
motivated and educated Armenian entrepreneurs, professionals and skilled
workers to leave dusty Yerevan for the promise of new opportunities.68
The draw was so great that in the first decade of the twentieth century there
were 63,000 Armenians in Baku, forming 26% of the population. The
Armenians formed 37% of the urban population of the Elisavetpol and Tiflis
provinces.69 Most of the leaders and activists of the newly formed Armenian
political parties resided in Tiflis, Baku or the main urban centers of Russia.70
A dramatic change took place between 1907 and 1914. The price of oil
rapidly and steadily declined, with resulting workers’ strikes in Baku.71
Moreover, the construction of the Yerevan-Julfa rail line, the introduction of
electricity and telephone, and the construction of a number of modern buildings and plants not only resulted in new jobs but also slowed the exodus to
neighboring provinces.72 Foreign firms introduced hydroelectric turbines and
other engineering products in the Yerevan Province, and Armenian

The People

27

companies advertised and sold their most popular product, cognac, in Tiflis
and Baku and throughout Russia.73
In 1911, the population of the urban centers of the Yerevan Province had
increased from 90,271 to 97,933 citizens, an increase of 7,662 individuals, and
in 1914 it reached 109,700 residents, an increase of another 11,767 persons.74
Thus, in a short time, the urban population had increased by almost 20,000
residents, 85% residing in Alexandropol (see the figures below).
On January 1, 1915, shortly after the start of World War I, the Central
Caucasian Administration in Tiflis published the final demographic figures of the
entire Caucasus. The Yerevan administration gathered the total population
numbers for each district (but not each village commune) and sent them to
Tiflis, where they were published in 1915 in the last issue of the Kavkazskii
kalendar’. 75
The figures provide the final and most detailed information on every ethnic
and religious group that lived in both urban and rural parts of the seven districts of the Yerevan Province in 1914. The dramatic political and economic
changes in the Russian Empire and the Caucasus between the years 1907 and
1914 had an effect on the population of the province as well. The following
figures indicate the changes among the ethnic groups.

Yerevan District76
Rural Population (1907): 118,044
Tatars: 65,149 (55.17%)
Armenians: 45,329 (38.40%)
Kurds: 5,559 (4.73%)
Assyrians: 1,925 (1.63%)
Russians: 75
Greeks: 7
Urban Population (1907): 27,533
Armenians: 12,912 (46.90%)
Tatars:77 12,393 (45.01%)
Kurds: 32
Russians: 1,576 (5.72%)
Jews: 261
Georgians: 201
Mountain tribesmen: 19
Europeans: 139
Total Population (1907): 145,577
Tatars: 77,522 (53.25%)
Armenians: 58,241 (40.00%)
Kurds: 5,611 (3.85%)

28

Part I

Assyrians: 1,925 (1.32%)
Russians: 1,651 (1.13%)
Others: 627
Total Population (1914): 174,479
Muslims78 (Shi’a): 88,458 (50.70%)
Muslims (Sunni): 1,490
Armenian (Apostolic): 75,324 (43.17%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodoxy: 8
Armenian Catholics: None
Kurds: 3,485 (2.00%)
Kurds (Yezidi): None
Asiatic Christians (Assyrians and others): 2,724 (1.56%)
Russians: 1,980 (1.13%)
Russian sectarians (Molokans and others): 23879
Gypsies: 380
Europeans: 157
Mountain tribesmen (Daghestani): None
Georgians: 120
Jews: 115
Population density: 64 persons per square verst
The population of the district had increased by some 28,902 persons. The
Armenian population, as a result of the economic growth of the city, had
grown by 3%,80 while the Muslim (Tatars and Kurds) population had
declined by the same percentage.

Echmiadzin District
Total Population (1907): 129,12381
Armenians: 86,040 (66.63%)
Tatars: 35,428 (27.43%)
Kurds: 6,632 (5.14%)
Assyrians: 123
Others: 900
Total Population (1914): 157,637
Armenians: 101,988 (64.70%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodoxy: 239
Armenian Catholics: 116
Muslims (Shi’a): 44,838 (28.44%)
Muslims (Sunni): None
Kurds: 9,001 (5.70%)
Kurds (Yezidi): 709

The People

29

Russians: 134
Russian sectarians: None
Europeans: 15
Georgians: None
Mountain tribesmen: None
Asiatic Christians: 174
Gypsies: 423
Jews: None
Population density: 48.7 persons per square verst
Although the population of the district had increased by some 28,514 persons, the percentages had not altered much. The slight decrease of the
Armenian population was due to the large number of Armenian celibate
priests, as well as the larger number of persons in Tatar households.

Surmalu District
Total Population: (1907): 89,36182
Tatars: 40,993 (45.87%)
Armenians: 29,027 (32.48%)
Kurds: 19,341 (21.65%)
Total Population (1914): 100,324
Muslims (Shi’a): 42,816 (42.68%)
Muslims (Sunni): 1,650 (1.64%)
Armenians: 31,217 (31.11%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodoxy: 132
Armenian Catholics: None
Kurds: 13,716 (13.67%)
Kurds (Yezidi): 10,296 (10.26%)
Russians: 381
Russian sectarians: 6
Europeans: 22
Georgians: None
Mountain tribesmen: None
Asiatic Christians: 9
Gypsies: None
Jews: 79
Population density: 31.6 persons per square verst
The population of the district had increased by some 10,963 persons. The
Kurdish population had increased its percentage, while percentages for the
others had decreased slightly. Except for those residing near the salt mines
and some villages, Kurdish nomads were the main inhabitants of the district.

30

Part I

The Kurdish households tended to have more members then the other ethnic
groups.83

Sharur-Daralagez District
Total Population (1907): 78,32584
Tatars: 54,296 (69.32%)
Armenians: 22,693 (28.98%)
Kurds: 789 (1.00%)
Assyrians: 547
Total Population (1914): 89,193
Muslims (Shi’a): 60,272 (67.57%)
Muslims (Sunni): 515
Armenians: 27,407 (30.73%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodox: None
Armenian Catholics: None
Kurds: 896 (1.00%)
Kurds (Yezidi): None
Russians: 74
Russian sectarians: None
Georgians: 14
Europeans: 11
Mountain tribesmen: 4
Asiatic Christians: None
Gypsies: None
Jews: None
Population density: 34.2 persons per square verst
The population of the district had increased by 10,868 persons. The Kurdish
population retained the same percentage, while the Tatars’ percentage
decreased slightly. The Armenian population in eastern Daralagez had
increased. The Turks did not occupy this sector of the district in 1918 or 1920
and, therefore, it became part of Soviet Armenia.85

Nakhichevan District
Rural Population (1907): 104,398
Tatars: 58,883 (56.40%)
Armenians: 44,615 (42.74%)
Kurds: 620
Russians: 280

The People

31

Urban Population (1907): 13,743 (8,802 Nakhichevan + 4,941 Ordubad)
Tatars: 6,185 + 4,447 (77.36%)
Armenians: 2,354 + 399 (20.00%)
Russians: 240 + 94 (2.43%)
Georgians: 20 + 0
Europeans: 3 + 1
Total Population (1907): 118,139
Tatars: 69,513 (58.84%)
Armenians: 47,368 (40.00%)
Kurds: 620
Russians: 614
Georgians: 20
Europeans: 4
Total Population (1914): 139,880
Muslims (Shi’a): 82,104 (58.70%)
Muslims (Sunni): 311
Armenians: 55,571 (39.70%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodox: 1
Armenian Catholics: None
Russians: 650
Russian sectarians: 205
Kurds: 451
Kurds (Yezidi): 33
Asiatic Christians: 115
Europeans: 51
Georgians: None
Mountain tribesmen: None
Gypsies: 39
Jews: None
Population density: 35.5 persons per square verst
Although the population of the Nakhichevan District had increased by over
21,741, the percentages of different groups had remained basically the same.

Alexandropol District
Rural Population (1907): 152,770
Armenians: 138,530 (90.68%)
Tatars: 6,269 (4.10%)
Kurds: 5,586 (3.66%)
Russians: 1,527 (1.00%)
Others: 858

32

Part I

Urban Population (1907): 39,371
Armenians: 34,715 (88.17%)
Russians: 1,872 (4.75%)
Tatars: 1,572 (4.00%)
Georgians: 434 (1.10%)
Gypsies: 274
Kurds: 205
Europeans: 164
Jews: 102
Mountain tribesmen: 33
Total Population (1907): 192,141
Armenians: 173,245 (90.16%)
Tatars: 7,841 (4.00%)
Kurds: 5,791 (3.00%)
Russians: 3,399 (1.77%)
Others: 1,007
Total Population (1914): 226,946
Armenians: 201,052 (88.60%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodox: 85
Armenian Catholics: 2,224 (1.00%)
Muslims (Shi’a): 7,128 (3.14%)
Muslims (Sunni): 1,968
Russians: 5,683 (2.50%)
Russian sectarians: 1,891
Kurds: 59
Kurds (Yezidi): 5,840 (2.57%)
Europeans: 349
Georgians: None
Mountain tribesmen: None
Asiatic Christians: 454
Jews: 155
Gypsies: 58
Population density: 67 persons per square verst
The population of the Alexandropol District had increased by 34,805 persons,
the majority of whom were Armenians. The Russian population had also
increased. The economic growth and the strategic location made this the most
populated district of the province.86

The People

33

Novo-Bayazet District
Rural Population (1907): 136,623
Armenians: 88,276 (64.62%)
Tatars: 41,825 (30.61%)
Russians: 4,597 (4.00%)
Kurds: 1,712
Greeks: 213
Urban Population (1907): 9,624
Armenians: 9,319 (96.83%)
Kurds: 152 (1.58%)
Russians: 120 (1.25%)
Georgians: 15
Tatars: 9
Europeans: 9
Total Population (1907): 146,247
Armenians: 97,595 (66.73%)
Tatars: 41,834 (28.60%)
Russians: 4,717 (3.87%)
Kurds: 1,864 (1.27%)
Others: 237
Total Population (1914): 177,454
Armenians: 118,116 (66.56%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodox: 79
Armenian Catholics: None
Muslims (Shi’a): 46,718 (26.32%)
Muslims (Sunni): 3,775 (2.12%)
Russians: 190
Russian sectarians: 4,729 (2.66%)
Kurds: 2,939 (1.65%)
Kurds (Yezidi): 410
Europeans: 388
Asiatic Christians: 114
Georgians: None
Muslim tribesmen: 74
Gypsies: None
Jews: 3
Population density: 43 persons per square verst
The population had increased by 31,207 persons, some 20,000 of whom were
Armenians.

34

Part I

Total Population of the Yerevan Province
1907: 898,913
1914: 1,065,914
The following breakdown was provided in the 1914 Provincial Yearbook.
Armenian (Gregorian/Apostolic): 610,675 (57.30%)
Armenian converts to Russian Orthodoxy: 544
Armenian Catholics: 2,340
Tatars (Shi’a): 372,334 (34.93%)
Tatars (Sunni): 9,709
Kurds: 30,540 (2.86%)
Yezidi Kurds 17,288 (1.62%)
Russians (Orthodox) 9,092
Russian (sectarians) 7,069
Assyrians and other Asiatic Christians: 3,560
Other Europeans (Poles, Germans, etc.): 993
Gypsies: 900
Georgians 440
Jews: 352
Mountain tribesmen: 78
Population density: 46 persons per square verst
The figures indicate that the population of the Yerevan Province had increased
by 167,001 persons in the seven years prior to World War I. They also
demonstrate that the three main groups residing in the province formed
97.89% of the total population, with Armenians (including those who had
converted to other Christian sects) making up 57.56%; Tatars (Shi’a and Sunni)
35.84%; and Kurds (including the Yezidi) 4.49%. The Armenian population
in the cities of Yerevan and Alexandropol had grown significantly. Furthermore,
the Muslims still held a solid majority in the Surmalu, Sharur-Daralagez and
Nakhichevan districts and a slight majority in the Yerevan District. This fact
would have major repercussions on the later borders of Armenia.87

Notes
1 H. Manandyan, Knnakan tsutyun Hay zhogovrdi patmutyan [A Critical Study of
the History of the Armenian People], III (Yerevan, 1952), 326–328; G. Le Strange,
The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate (London, 1966), 177.
2 Akty, II, doc. 1174.
3 For more details, see Bournoutian, Erevan, 58–64; Akty, II, doc. 1205.
4 See Chapter I.
5 The surveys did not distinguish the ethnic makeup of the Muslims.
6 If one adds the Qajar hierarchy and the nomads who left the khanates after the
war, the total population must have been slightly over 100,000 people. Most of the
nomads returned after the Russian conquest.

The People

35

7 See Shopen, Istoricheskii, 635–636.
8 Armenians had a solid majority in the Kırk-Bulagh, Sardarabad and Karbi-Basar
mahals of the Yerevan Khanate and a solid majority in the Agulis (Akulis) mahal
of the Nakhichevan Khanate.
9 See the various documents in Bournoutian, Armenians and Russia.
10 For example, see the reports of Russian commanders regarding this matter in
Bournoutian, Russia and the Armenians of Transcaucasia, docs. 266–268, 270,
274–276 and 282.
11 For the complete text in Russian, see T. Iuzefovich, Dogovory Rossii s’ Vostokom:
Politicheskie i torgovye [Russian Treaties with The East: Political and Commercial]
(St. Petersburg, 1869), 214–227. For the Persian version of Article XV, see
Mohammad Hasan Khan E`temad al-Saltane, Tarikh-e Montazam-e Naseri [A
History of the Qajars], III (Tehran, 1984), 1586.
12 See `Abbas Mirza’s letter to the Russians in which he complained about the forcible removal of Armenians from Salmas and Khoi; Akty, VII, doc. 580. Some of
the immigrants later complained about their life in Russia and returned to Iran
where they were welcomed by `Abbas Mirza and his successors at Tabriz;
Bournoutian, Erevan, 90.
13 Shopen, Istoricheskii, 639–642; S. Glinka, Opisanie pereseleniia Armian adderbidzhanskikh v predelakh Rossii [A Survey of the Immigration of the Armenians from
Azarbaijan to Russia] (Moscow, 1831).
14 See Chapter I.
15 Statisticheskie tablitsy o sostoianiii gorodov Rossiiskoi imperii [Statistical Tables of
the Population of the Cities of the Russian Empire] (St. Petersburg, 1842), 8–9,
48–49. Since the population of Yerevan in 1832 was 11,463, the city’s population
after some 20 years of Russian rule had increased by only 847 persons.
16 If one deducts the population of the Alexandropol District, the population had
grown by only 10% in 20 years. It is important to note that the population of the
Tiflis Province had grown by 41% and that of the Shemakha Province (later Baku
and Elisavetpol provinces) by 25.6% in that same time period; see Statisticheskie
tablitsy Rossiiskoi imperii za 1856 g. [Statistical Tables of the Russian Empire,
1856] (St. Petersburg, 1858), 162–173.
17 Ibid. The population had grown by only 869 persons in 20 years.
18 One such epidemic is recorded in 1829; see G. A. Bournoutian, From Tabriz to St.
Petersburg: Iran’s Mission of Apology to Russia in 1829 (Costa Mesa, 2014), 39. A
Russian official blamed it on the human and animal refuse that was dumped near
water canals; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 25.
19 PK/1906, part III, 116–117.
20 KK (1894) (Tiflis, 1893), 210–211; Armenians formed 56%, Muslims 43% and
others 1%.
21 Based on an average of 6.5 persons (7.5 rural and 5.5 urban) in each household.
Despite the valuable information in all these surveys, they were conducted by a
very small group of people and not only lacked the accuracy of modern European
surveys, but also did not specify the various categories of the population.
22 Troinitskii, Pervaia.
23 Ibid., fasc. VII, 33.
24 Ibid., fasc. VI, 51.
25 Russian sources cited in this study refer to the Turkish-speaking Muslims (Shi’a
and Sunni) as “Tatars” or, when coupled with the Kurds (except the Yezidis), as
“Muslims.” The vast majority of the Muslim population of the province was Shi’a.
Unlike the Armenians and Georgians, the Tatars did not have their own alphabet
and used the Arabo-Persian script. After 1918, and especially during the Soviet
era, this group identified itself as Azerbaijani.
26 Includes Poles, Tats, Lithuanians, Germans, Ossets, Kiuras and others.

36
27
28
29
30

31
32
33

34
35
36
37

38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61

Part I
Troinitskii, Pervaia, fasc. VII, 33.
Includes Muslim Kurds and a small percentage of Iranians and Ottoman Turks.
They are listed inaccurately as “pagans.”
Following the edict of 1830, Russian sectarians were driven from the Russian
heartlands into the South Caucasus. Viceroy Vorontsov permitted the Dukhobors
and Molokans to in the district of Novo-Bayazet, where they found the earth suitable for planting wheat, barley, spelt and potatoes; see N. Breyfogle, Heretics and
Colonizers: Forging Russia’s Empire in the South Caucasus (Ithaca, 2005), 92–94.
The study is an excellent source for Russian settlements in Georgia, Shirvan,
Karabagh, Talesh and Yerevan.
Troinitskii, Pervaia, fasc. VI, 51.
They included jewelers, tinsmiths, coppersmiths, tailors, carpenters, saddle makers,
shoemakers, bakers, dyers, peddlers and various other trades.
The “honorable” or “respected citizens” (pochetnye grazhdanie) were a class of
privileged urban inhabitants such as merchants of the first grade, engineers, doctors, etc. They were exempt from conscription, some taxes and corporal
punishment.
Troinitskii, Pervaia, fasc. VI, 51.
Ibid.
The data in each volume (abbreviated as PK) was devoted to statistical information for the previous one or two years; hence the volume published in 1902
contained data for the year 1900 and so forth; see Note on the Sources.
PK/1902, part III, 98. The average rural household for Armenians and Tatars was
slightly over 7.5 persons and that of the Kurds, over 9 persons; see, Part II, Tables
I–VII. It is important to note that all these studies contained information on the
taxes collected by the state (see Chapter VI).
PK/1902, part III, 2–99.
PK/1906, part III, 118.
The combined data appears in Part II, Tables I–VII.
PK/1908, part III, 117. The number of people in each village as well as their ethnic
breakdown is given in Part II, Tables I–VII.
KK (1907), Statistical Section, 328.
The main growth occurred in the city of Alexandropol.
The figures also indicate that the Kurds were, for the most part, absent from urban
centers.
See Part II, Tables I–VII.
See Part II, Tables I–VII.
Part II, Table V. This was one of the reasons for the Armeno-Tatar clashes in the
district.
The map in PK/1902 indicates the patches of concentration of the three ethnic
groups: Armenians, Tatars and Kurds.
Includes an undetermined number of Iranians.
See Note 49.
They included Greeks, Georgians, Assyrians, gypsies, Jews and Europeans.
See Part II, Table I.
See Part II, Table II.
See Part II, Table III.
See Part II, Table IV.
See Part II, Table V.
See Part II, Table VI.
See Part II, Table VII.
See the literacy rates in Chapter IV.
That information appeared in KK (1907), Statistical Section, 328.
See Chapter I.

The People

37

62 See the section on Health and Sanitation in Chapter IV.
63 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
64 Baku (62,563), Elisavetpol (298,685), Kars (71,123), Kutais (18,980) and Tiflis
(210,161).
65 In 1913, the population of the city proper and the industrial districts totaled
333,900; Suny, Baku Commune, 7. In 1904, the population of the city of Alexandropol, the largest urban center in the Yerevan Province, was 33,879, while the city
of Yerevan had 28,910 persons; see PK/1906, part III, 118.
66 V. A. Kivelson and R. G. Suny, Russia’s Empires (Oxford, 2017), 203–204.
67 See the section on Education in Chapter IV.
68 By the new century, Tiflis had been transformed into a European-style Russian
city. It had an opera, theaters, trams, electricity, telephones, fashionable stores and
institutions of higher education. The brilliance of the viceroy’s court and palace as
well as the numerous balls and receptions “forced the local nobles to spend great
sums on their increasingly Europeanized style of life”; Suny, Georgian Nation, 74.
69 See Suny, Baku Commune, 3–27, and Georgian Nation, 117–119.
70 For example, out of the 200 doctors who were listed in the Tiflis medical directory,
more than 50 were Armenians; see KK (1907), Part I, 140–144.
71 Suny, Baku Commune, 45–50.
72 In 1912 only 2,118 men, including 1,077 from Nakhichevan and 515 from Alexandropol (and only 1 from Yerevan), left the province for permanent work; PK/
1912, part III, 14.
73 For the economic growth of the province, see Chapter VI.
74 KK (1912), part IV, 119–230, and KK (1916), Statistical Section, 14–34
75 KK (1916), Statistical Section, 46–49.
76 The figures provided here for each district are from: PK/1908 (for the 1907 rural
population); KK (1907) (for the 1907 urban population); and KK (1916) (for the
total population in 1914). As explained above, the 1914 figures are the combined
rural and urban populations. Percentages of 1% or greater are included.
77 Includes an undetermined, but small, number of Iranians.
78 The 1914 data has substituted Tatars for Muslims.
79 Russian sectarians (Subbotniks and Molokans) began settling in the Yerevan Province in the nineteenth century, especially in the Alexandropol and Novo-Bayazet
districts; for more details, see PK/1902, part IV, 144–155. See also the villages
Lower Akhty, Konstantinovka, Yelenovka, Semyenovka, Alexandrovka, Nikitino,
Voskresenskoe and Sukhoi Fontan in Part II, Tables VI and VII.
80 See Chapter VI.
81 There were no cities in this district.
82 There were no cities in this district.
83 After Surmalu became part of Turkey, the Kemalist government tried to settle and
Turkicize the Kurds. Most of the yaylaqs and kishlaks were abandoned. Some
Kurds resisted the Turkish efforts through armed struggle. They sought refuge
from retaliation by crossing into the plain south of Lesser Ararat, which was
located in Iran. The border between Iran and Turkey was on a straight line across
the top of Lesser Ararat. In 1932, to resolve numerous border incidents, Iran and
Turkey exchanged territory. The border was adjusted, giving Turkey complete
control over Lesser Ararat; see G. A. Bournoutian, “The Iran-Turkey-Armenia
Borders as Depicted in Various Maps,” Iran and the Caucasus, 19/1 (2015), 97–107.
84 There were no cities in this district.
85 See Chapter I and Concluding Remarks.
86 See Chapter VI.
87 In 1919, the Armenian delegation presented the following estimated population
figures for the Yerevan Province at the Versailles Conference: Total population
1,114,698, of which 669,871 were Armenians, 365,841 Tatars, 36,508 Kurds,

38

Part I
12,624 Yezidis, 21,854 Russians, Assyrians, Georgians, Greeks and gypsies, and
8,000 Turks. Hence, even after the arrival of thousands of Armenian refugees, the
Armenians formed barely 60% of the population of the province. The delegation
also included the estimated figures for 1919 in the disputed districts of Akhalkalak,
Borchalu and Kazakh (from the former Tiflis Province), and the disputed districts
of Jevanshir, Zangezur, Shushi and Elisavetpol (from the former Elisavetpol Province), as well as the entire Kars Province (Ardahan, Olti, Kagizman and Kars),
which would be part of the Armenian Republic. The total population figures were
as follows: Armenians 1,293,000, or 59.87% (actually 59.86%); Tatars 588,000, or
27.22%; Kurds 82,000, or 3.79% (actually 3.80%); Yezidis 50,000, or 2.31%; Russian, Greeks, Georgians and others 123,000, or 5.70%; gypsies 24,000, or 1.11%.
Therefore, despite the fact that the territory of the Armenian Republic would more
than double, the Armenian population would form 59.86% of the inhabitants; see
Great Britain: Foreign Office Archives: Public Record Office, Class 371, General
Correspondence: Political: no. 4952. See also Concluding Remarks.

IV Administration and Society

On January 1 (Old Style), 1850, the Yerevan Province began to function as a
separate guberniia under the overall authority of the Viceroyalty of the Caucasus, centered in Tiflis. The coat of arms of the guberniia was very different
from that of the Armenian Province of 1828–1840. That coat of arms depicted the Russian imperial crown over the double-headed eagle above Noah’s
Ark on Mt. Ararat, a traditional Armenian church and a representation of
the crown of Tigran the Great.1 When the Armenian Province was incorporated into the Georgian-Imeretian Province in 1840, Mt. Ararat and Noah’s
Ark occupied one quadrant within a shield placed under the Russian doubleheaded eagle. The two coats of arms of the Yerevan Guberniia, however,
removed any unique marker of Armenian identity. The first version pictured
the imperial Russian crown atop a shield depicting the Russian Orthodox
cross atop what appeared to be three connected boulders, while the later version added a leaf cluster around the shield and replaced the boulders with a
mountain that had no resemblance to Mt. Ararat.
Despite the imperial decrees of 1840 and 1849,2 there is little information
on the administrative structure of the province prior to the 1860s. The 300year-old Iranian legacy had obviously left its mark on the province. However,
although the Kavkazskii kalendar’, the official annual almanac of the Viceroyalty of the Caucasus,3 would only occasionally include material on the
Yerevan Province, its main focus was on the Tiflis Province, and also included
all the other guberniias, oblasts, okrugs and rayons of the Caucasus.
After the Crimean War, the administrative apparatus of the Yerevan Province began to slowly develop closer ties with Tiflis. In 1856, the new tsar,
Alexander II, who wished to modernize the empire, appointed Prince Alexander Bariatinskii (1856–1862) as the new viceroy. Although Bariatinskii and
the subsequent viceroy, Grand Duke Michael Nikolayevich (1863–1882),
focused on the process of the emancipation of the Georgian peasants,4 they
also sought to duplicate the imperial administrative structure of Tiflis in all
the other guberniias of the Caucasus.
The pace of centralization increased in the 1880s and continued until the
end of the century. Thus, by the dawn of the new century, the Yerevan Province had not only shed much of its Iranian character, but had also been

40

Part I

integrated into the overall Russian administration of the Caucasus. The
administrative structure of the Yerevan Province therefore echoed, albeit to a
much lesser extent, the immense imperial administration.

Central Administration of the Yerevan Province5
The Central Administration of the Caucasus reported to the imperial ministries in St. Petersburg, such as the Ministry of the Interior, Ministry of Public
Education, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Manufacturing and Trade, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Communications and Transport, Ministry of
Justice, Ministry of War, Ministry of Navigation and Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, as well as the State Holy Synod in charge of religious affairs. With the
exception of Navigation, all of these ministries had branches in Yerevan,
headed by the provincial governor.6
The governor of the province, from 1896 until 1916, was Imperial Privy
Counselor Count Vladimir Fedorovich Tizengauzen (Tiesenhausen).7 His
chancery, from 1910 to 1914, was composed of three Russian and three Tatar
officials: Mogb-`Ali Khan of Yerevan, Ahmad Khan Suleyman Khan-oghli of
Maku, and Bahlul Beg Mehdi-Beg-oghli Sultanov. It is interesting to note
that throughout the 1900–1914 period, the governor’s chancery did not
employ a single Armenian official. Although some may accuse the governor
of being anti-Armenian, especially after the anti-Russian demonstrations following the 1903–1905 Church Crisis, the presence of a large Muslim population (some 40%) in the province probably necessitated the employment of
Tatars from notable families in the chancery throughout the period of this
study. In addition, since the Armenians staffed numerous other administrative
posts, the governor may have wanted to assure the Muslim grandees, especially following the 1905–1907 Armeno-Tatar clashes, that they were not
being excluded from the administration.
Unlike the post of governor, that of vice-governor changed hands throughout
this period. From 1902 to 1903, State Councilor Prince Michael Alexandrovich Nakashidze occupied the post.8 Between 1904 and 1910, State Counselor
Valdimir Nikolaevich Baranovskii held the position. From 1910 to 1913,
State Counselor Prince Alexei Pavlovich Chegodaev served as vice-governor,
while Arkady Strel’bitskii took over on the eve of World War I.9
The vice-governor was in charge of the day-to-day running of the provincial government. His department was staffed with numerous advisors and
functionaries that included registrars, archivists, land surveyors, city engineers, statisticians, bookkeepers, men in charge of the official provincial
printing press, and the fire department.10 The structure of the duties of the
vice-governor’s division changed a little through the period in question. In
fact most of the officials moved from one department to another. During the
tenure of Strel’bitskii, the provincial administration was divided into two
branches and a number of departments. Samson Ter-Sahakov was the senior
advisor of the first branch. His assistants were Ovakim (Hovakim) Hasan-

Administration and Society

41

Jalalov and a Russian named Moskovchenko. The second branch employed
Russian officials. The department in charge of land tenure was administered
by Levon Hasan-Jalalov assisted by Smbat Ter-Ghazarov and a Russian
named Orlov. A certain Vladimir Simonson was in charge of the Engineering
Department, while the city architect was an Armenian named Poghos
Keshishev. The two supervised a number of Armenian,11 Georgian and
Russian technicians and draftsmen.
The chief medical officer of the province was an Armenian named Zarmayir Asaturovich Andreyasov, who directed Russians and Russianized European health professionals. The chief veterinarian of the province was an
Armenian named Vartan Torosyants. He also supervised a staff composed of
Russians. The Provincial Typographic Department was under a Russian,
while the Department in charge of Peasant Affairs had Russians, Georgians
and one Armenian, named Mikayel Mikhayelyants.
The vice-governor’s chancery employed interpreters who could read Russian, Armenian and Persian and who could translate the local Turkish dialect
into Russian.12 It also had a statistical committee and appointed secretaries
responsible for producing the biennial yearbooks used in this study.13
The khans, begs, aqalars and meliks (that is, members of the landowning
class) continued to play a role in local administration. The ethnic composition
of the officials was based on the ethnic composition of the villages. This was
especially true of the village elders and the men in charge of irrigation.14 In
addition, each of the five cities of the province had its own administration.
In 1910, the mayor of Yerevan was an Armenian named Ivan Karapetovich
Melik-Aghamalov. He belonged to the same Aghamalian melik family that
had been responsible for the Armenians of the city during the rule of the last
Qajar governor and sardar, Hoseyn Qoli Khan (1807–1827).15 The mayor’s
office was composed primarily of Armenians with professional degrees from
noted families such as the Hasan-Jalalian, Melik-Buniatov, Mehrabov, Kamsarakan, Ter-Hakobian, Ayvazian, Ter-Sahakian, Ter-Hovhannesian, TerGhazarian, Galustian, Ter-Grigorian, Harutunian, Abrahamian, Khachaturian and Andreasian families, some of whom had added the “ov” suffix to
their surnames.16 There were no Muslims among these officials.17 The city
council (duma) was composed of an equal number of Armenians and Tatars.
Each ethnic group had nine representatives.18
In that same year, the mayor of Alexandropol, the largest city of the province, was also an Armenian, Iosif Tigranov (Hovsep Tigranian). Since the
city had an overwhelming Armenian majority, its council was composed
solely of Armenians named Barsamian, Karapetiants, Khachaturian, Shatiriants Makariants, Saroyants, Bagramian, Melik-Stepanian, Zarifiants, TerPoghosian, Sahakian, Ayvazian, Sarkisian, Buniatov and Hambartsumian.
The Mayor of Novo-Bayazet, Stepan Batikyants, as well as all the members
of that city council were also Armenian.19
During the 1908–1910 period, the mayors of Nakhichevan and Ordubad
were Muslims. The mayor of Nakhichevan was Bahram Khan Nakhjavani,

42

Part I

assisted by a Kangarlu20 Aqa. The city council had Tatar and Armenian
members. The mayor of Ordubad was Reza Qoli Rezaev, and the city council
was composed primarily of Tatar hajis, mashhadis and other members of the
former families of begs and yüzbaşis.21

Justice
The judicial reform of 1867 did not help those who lived outside the main
population centers of the province. There were two types of courts in the
province, civil and criminal. The criminal courts and prisons were located in
the cities of Yerevan and Alexandropol. There were courts to resolve civil
matters in Yerevan, Qamarlu, Vagharshapat, Igdir, Novo-Bayazet, Lower
Akhty, Nakhichevan, Ordubad, Bash-Norashen, Alexandropol and Big Karakilis. Each of these courts had several separate divisions, each of which
heard cases from the large communes within their districts.22 In order not to
be accused of favoring the Armenians or the Tatars, Russians were put in
charge of these courts. The data published in 1908 includes cases involving
blasphemy; disrespect toward government offices and officials; breaking out
of jail or escaping arrest; exceeding one’s authority; insubordination; dereliction of duty; failing to collect dues from drinking establishments; failing to
collect customs dues; disrupting the public peace; immoral behavior; swindling; breaking contracts; murder; bodily harm; arson; banditry; and looting
and theft.
The last six offenses had the largest number (224) of accused, 176 of whom
were sentenced. Of these, 97 were Muslims (95 Tatars and 2 Kurds); 77 were
non-Orthodox Christians (Armenians, Assyrians and others) and 2 were Orthodox. Such a large number of violent crimes were obviously due to the 1903–1905
Armeno-Tatar clashes in Yerevan and particularly in Nakhichevan.
Altogether a total of 258 criminals were brought to trial, 211 of whom were
found guilty (208 men and 3 women). Of these, 138 men and 3 women were
uneducated, while 70 men had a rudimentary education. There were no cases
against notables, “respected citizens” or the clergy. However, 25 men and 1
woman of the urban lower middle class were sentenced, as were 172 men and
2 women residing in the rural areas, of whom 4 were foreigners, 6 were lower
gentry and 1 was a vagrant. There were no Jews among the accused, and no
one with a higher-level education was convicted. The majority of the criminals
(170) were men between 21 and 50 years of age.23
The province had mediation courts to resolve local complaints. There were
courts in every district, each with its own mediators and translators.
Throughout this period, the Yerevan District had courts in Yerevan, Qamarlu
and Davalu (all staffed by Armenians); the Echmiadzin District had courts in
Vagharshapat, Ashtarak and Armenian Talin (with a Russian mediator
assisted by Armenian translators); the Surmalu District courts were in Igdir,
Dashburun and Kulpi (Russian officials assisted by two Tatar translators and
one Armenian translator); the Nakhichevan District had two offices in

Administration and Society

43

Nakhichevan and one in Upper Akulis (Russian mediator aided by two
Armenian translators and one Tatar translator); the Sharur-Daralagez District had two offices in Bash-Norashen and one in Keshishkend (Russian
officials assisted by two Tatar translators and one Armenian translator); the
Novo-Bayazet District had courts in Lower Akhty, Novo-Bayazet and BasarKechar (Russian officials assisted by Armenian translators); and there were
three in the Alexandropol District, one in Big Karakilis and two in Alexandropol
(Russians assisted by Armenian interpreters).24

Police
The superintendent of police of the Yerevan Province in 1908 was a Russian
named Filipp Ivanovich Novosad. His assistants were Russian, but he also
had an Armenian secretary and a Tatar secretary.25 Each urban center had a
police chief, and the 25 police prefectures generally had a Russian police
superintendent and police officers. In 1910, the police chief of the city of
Yerevan was an Armenian named Konstantin Arakelov, who was assisted by
two Russians. Armenians and Tatars served as secretaries and interpreters.26
The police superintendent of the first prefecture was named Kozhevnikov and
resided in the village of Kanaker. The superintendent of the second prefecture
was a man named Gab’ev who resided in Agamazlu. The third superintendent, named Kirilovich, was stationed in Qamarlu, while the fourth, in
Davalu, was an Armenian named Melik-Eganov.
The chief of police of the city of Alexandropol was Aleksei Makarov. The
police superintendent of the first prefecture was named Kalandarashvili, stationed in Big Karakilis; Police Superintendent Grigoriants was in charge of
the second prefecture in Kaftarli; the third prefecture located in the city of
Alexandropol was headed by a Russian named Dmitriev; and the fourth, in
Agin, was run by a Russian named Mordvintsev.27
The police chief of the city of Nakhichevan was a Russian named Sorokin.
A Russian named Kavriev was in charge of the first prefecture (centered in
the city of Nakhichevan); a Russian named Dushinskii headed the second in
the village of Jaghri; a Russian named Kalinovskii, stationed in Abrakunis,
managed the third; and a Tatar named `Abbas-Qoli Beg Tairov, in Ordubad,
oversaw the fourth prefecture.28
The police chief of the city of Novo-Bayazet was a Russian named Korganov.
The first prefecture was headed by a Georgian named Kutatoladze, who
resided in Lower Akhty; another Georgian, Tsakalamidze, was in charge of
the second prefecture in Yelenovka; a third, named Vigura, who was in
Karanlegh, looked after the third prefecture; and an Armenian named TerGrigorov, in Basar-Kechar, was in charge of the fourth prefecture.29
The police chief of the Echmiadzin District was a man named Lemmerman. The first prefecture was run by a Russian named Popov, living in
Vagharshapat; the second by an Armenian, Melik-Arakelov, residing in Ashtarak; the third by another Armenian, Nersesov, who resided in Kurdukuli;

44

Part I

and the fourth by another Armenian, Khachatur Babasov, in Armenian
Talin.30
The police chief of the Surmalu District was a Russian, named Tonin. The
police superintendent of the first prefecture was a Russian, named Ignatiev, in
Igdir; in the second prefecture, it was a Tatar, Hasan Beg Vezirov, in
Dashburun; in the third prefecture, it was a Russian, Kvashali, in Kulpi.
The police chief of the Sharur-Daralagez District was a Tatar named
Nabibekov. The police superintendent of the first prefecture was a Russified
Pole, Radziwill, who lived in Bash-Norashen; and in the second prefecture, it
was a Russian named Tsivinskii, who resided in Keshishkend.31
There were also 105 permanent police stations and 14 seasonal stations
throughout the province. Forty of these were next to post offices.32 Each
commune had its also own communal administrator, most of whom resided in
Armenian-populated villages.33

Communications
The opening of the Tiflis-Alexandropol-Kars railway in 1899, the Alexandropol-Yerevan railway in 1902 and the Yerevan-Julfa railway in 1908 facilitated the integration of Yerevan with the rest of the Caucasus. These railways,
some of which were built along the Indo-European Telegraph Company lines
between Tiflis and Tehran (via Tabriz), transformed the province from one
relying on travel and transportation by animal-drawn carts,34 horseback or
post-haste carriage on poorly maintained roads to one utilizing convenient
and safe trains that connected the province to Russia, the Ottoman Empire
and Iran.
The main road from Tiflis to the Iranian border at Julfa was 330.44 miles
long. It went through Semenovka, Yelenovka, Lower Akhti, Sukhoi Fontan,
Eyliar, Yerevan, Ulukhanlu, Qamarlu, Ararat, Sadarak, Norashen, TashArkh, Shahtakhti, Nakhichevan, Nehram and Julfa, or from Nehram to Aza
and Ordubad. The main route to Tabriz went through Julfa, Qara-Tapeh,
Marand and Sofian and spanned 20 farsakhs or miles.
After 1908, regular train service facilitated travel and the transport of
goods between Tiflis and Alexandropol, Yerevan, Nakhichevan and Julfa.
Some 265 miles of the line went through the Yerevan Province, with stations
at Karakilis, Hamamlu, Nalband, Jajur, Alexandropol, Agin, Ani, Alagez,
Kara-Burun, Arax, Echmiadzin, Ulukhanlu, Qamarlu, Ararat, Arazdayan,
Norashen, Shahtakhti, Nakhichevan, Nehram and Julfa.
The train would leave Tiflis for Alexandropol at 11:30 am35 (St. Petersburg
time) every day, arrive at Alexandropol at 10:28 pm and continue on to Kars.
The train from Alexandropol to Yerevan operated on Sundays, Wednesdays
and Fridays. It would depart at 10:26 am and arrive at 5:28 pm. The train
from Yerevan to Alexandropol operated on Mondays, Thursdays and Saturdays. It would depart at 11:57 am and arrive at 8:31 pm.36 The cost of a oneway ticket from Tiflis to Alexandropol ranged from 7 rubles and 18 kopeks

Administration and Society

45

for first class to 1 ruble and 44 kopeks for fourth class; Tiflis to Ulukhanlu,
from 10 rubles and 75 kopeks to 2 rubles and 15 kopeks; Tiflis to Nakhichevan, from 13 rubles and 50 kopeks to 2 rubles and 70 kopeks; and Tiflis to
Julfa, from 14 rubles and 50 kopeks to 2 rubles and 90 kopeks. The line to
Yerevan (13 versts, completed in 1908) was extended from Ulukhanlu (where
one had to change trains) and cost from 50 kopeks to 10 kopeks.37
By 1908, the Yerevan Province had postal and telegraph connections with
Russia via Tiflis; with Iran via Julfa and Ordubad; and with the Ottoman
Empire via Alexandropol and Kars. The cities of the province (that is, Yerevan, Alexandropol, Nakhichevan, Novo-Bayazet and Ordubad) as well as
the towns of Vagharshapat, Igdir, Julfa and Karakilis each had a central
postal-telegraph office. The large villages of Bash-Norashen, Upper Akulis,
Yelenovka and Qamarlu and the Darachichak region38 also had postaltelegraph branches. The villages of Ashtarak, Davalu, Qivraq, Kulpi and
Lower Akhty had only post offices.39 The postmasters, except for one Armenian
in Alexandropol, were all Russian.40
The cost of a letter or postcard within the province was 3 kopeks. A registered letter cost 7 kopeks. All postcards mailed to other areas of the Russian
Empire were 3 kopeks, regular letters 7 kopeks, and registered letters 14
kopeks. The cost of mailing printed matter within the province was 1 kopek
for ½ ounce and 2 kopeks for 1–4 ounces. Sending printed matter outside the
province cost 3 kopeks for 2 ounces.41
One could send money orders from the postal-telegraph offices. The charge
was 15 kopeks for up to 24 rubles; 25 kopeks for 25–99 rubles; 40 kopeks for
100–124 rubles; 50 kopeks for 125–199 rubles; 65 kopeks for 200–224 rubles; 75
kopeks for 225–299 rubles; 90 kopeks for 300–324 rubles; 1 ruble for 325–399
rubles; 1.15 rubles for 400–424 rubles and 1.25 rubles for 425–500 rubles.42

Finance
The Yerevan Finance and Treasury Department supervised Yerevan, Elisavetpol and Kars. Each division had its own chief. The Yerevan division was in
charge of Yerevan, Alexandropol, Igdir,43 Novo-Bayazet and Nakhichevan. It
had revenue collection offices staffed with assessors and bookkeepers in Yerevan, Alexandropol, Nakhichevan, Vagharshapat, Igdir and Bash-Norashen.
Although the officials in charge, save for one Armenian (in Novo-Bayazet),
were all Russian, most of the bookkeepers and assistants were Armenian.44
The Yerevan Province was divided into four tax-collection departments:
1) Yerevan and Novo-Bayazet; 2) Echmiadzin and Surmalu; 3) Nakhichevan
and Sharur-Daralagez; and 4) Alexandropol.45 Local offices for the collection
of the excise tax on alcohol and tobacco, staffed primarily by Russians, were
located in Yerevan, Julfa, Alexandropol, Qamarlu, Nakhichevan, Ordubad,
Shahtakhti, Novo-Bayazet, Bash-Norashen and Ashtarak.
The State Bank of Russia, as well as the Tiflis Commercial Bank, both had
branches in the city of Yerevan. There was also a City Bank in Alexandropol.

46

Part I

In addition, there were credit and savings associations in Yerevan, Yelenovka,
Ashtarak and Qamarlu. However, those wishing to obtain a loan to purchase
land had to apply to the Peasant Land Bank in Tiflis.
There were customs offices in Julfa and Ordubad and a Yerevan branch
of the Baku customs for anyone importing or exporting goods from or to
Iran.46

Education
The reforms of 1872 had established seven elementary schools, one in each of
the cities of Yerevan, Novo-Bayazet, Nakhichevan, Ordubad and Alexandropol and the towns of Ashtarak and Igdir. By 1882 there were several
hundred such schools, most at the elementary and some at the secondary
level, with hundreds of teachers. The Armenian day schools, supported by
donations of wealthy Armenians as well as by tuition, taught languages,
mathematics, literature, philology and theology. In addition, there were
seminaries in Tiflis, Yerevan, Echmiadzin and the predominantly Armenian
district of Shushi in the Elisavetpol Province, which prepared clergy for the
Armenian communities in Russia, Iran and the Ottoman Empire.47
In 1884, three years after his father’s assassination, Emperor Alexander III
(r. 1881–1894) closed all of the Armenian schools in an effort to combat
potential revolutionary activities among the minorities. The tsar also ordered
that a number of Armenian philanthropic societies, libraries, newspapers and
publishing institutions in Tiflis, Shushi, Akhaltsikh, Batum, Alexandropol,
Baku, Nakhichevan and Yerevan be shut down. Although the schools were
reopened soon after, the number of upper-level institutions was limited, and
these were required to adopt a Russian-style curriculum.48
During the next decade, Armenians concentrated on opening elementary
and intermediate-level schools. By 1900, a great number of these schools were
operated by the Armenian Church. While the Church lost its authority over
the schools from 1903 to 1905,49 it regained complete control by 1906.
The official data for the year 1910 recorded 311 educational institutions,
with a total of 23,530 students: 18,097 males and 5,433 females.50 Some of
these were operated by the state, others by the religious authorities. The state
also operated the six high schools, four in Yerevan and two in Alexandropol,
that prepared students for further studies in Russian universities or in Tiflis.
The schools had Russian, Armenian or Tatar religious instructors for the
different religious groups.51
The Yerevan Men’s Gymnasium had 568 students, who studied Russian,
mathematics and physics, German, Latin and geography. The director and the
staff were Russian; Russian and Armenian priests and a Muslim sheikh were
in charge of religious teaching. Some students boarded at the school. A fulltime medical staff, led by Dr. Aram Ter-Avetisov, was responsible of the
health of the students.

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47

The Yerevan Women’s Gymnasium, named after St. Hripsime, had 445
students, who studied Russian, French, mathematics, hygiene, history,
geography, calligraphy and drawing as well as needlework.
The Yerevan Men’s Seminary, with 85 students, taught religious studies
instructed by Russian and Armenian clergy. In addition, it taught Russian,
history, Armenian, Turkish, mathematics, geography and natural sciences.
The Women’s Preparatory Gymnasium in Yerevan had 164 students.
The Commercial Institute in Alexandropol had 440 male students, who
studied Russian, history, German, French, drawing, arithmetic and
commerce.
The Alexandropol Women’s Gymnasium had 372 students, who studied
Russian, Armenian, mathematics, history, geography and drawing.
There were two seminaries belonging to the Armenian Church: The Religious Academy in Echmiadzin with 202 students and the Seminary in
Yerevan with 395 students.
In addition, the state operated 16 junior-level or middle schools, with 926
boys and 157 girls, in Yerevan and 12 such schools in the five cities of the
province, with 1,225 boys and 284 girls. The main centers in the seven
districts had 117 elementary schools with 6,686 boys and 756 girls.52
The state collected a special tax for its schools from the urban and rural
inhabitants. In 1902, the rural inhabitants gave 33,282 rubles, and in 1906, the
amount had almost doubled to 64,045 rubles.53 As the number of public
schools and students increased, the state had to allocate an annual budget for
the maintenance of the schools and the salary of the teachers. In 1912,
280,201 rubles were spent on the schools and the teachers: 57,945 rubles for
secondary and 222,256 rubles for elementary education. The state contributed
125,270 rubles; the urban and rural communities paid 123,783 rubles in
school taxes, depending on the number of schools in their communes and
districts; 29,404 rubles were collected in tuitions; 1,520 rubles from unspecified
sources; and 224 rubles in donations.54
There was a Russian Orthodox religious school in Yerevan with 87 students, one in Alexandropol with 84 students, and ten in the rural communities
that contained Russian villages, with 212 students in total.
The Armenian Church, which after 1905 had regained control over its
secular schools, had 5 schools in Yerevan (761 students), 8 in the other urban
centers (1,692 students)55 and 89 in the rural communities (7,429 students).56
The majority of the Armenian students received their education free of charge
through donations from wealthier Armenians.
The Shi’a Muslims had four Muslim medreses (secondary schools) with 135
talibs (religious students) in Yerevan, all located near their mosques, the largest of which was by the Gök-Jami. Five other medreses were to be found in
the main urban centers, including Nakhichevan and Ordubad, with a total of
135 talibs. In addition, they operated 27 mektebs (elementary schools) with
543 male students in Yerevan and the other urban centers as well as in the
Muslim-dominated rural communities. The Sunnis had nine schools in the

48

Part I

villages that contained a Sunni population, with 137 boys. There were no girls
in the Muslim schools. Students learned basic arithmetic, Arabic, Persian,
calligraphy and basic Muslim jurisprudence.57 Most of the medreses were
funded through endowments, while the mektebs relied on tuition and
donations.
Despite efforts to attract Muslims, the majority of the students in the stateoperated schools were Armenian.58 Even the Russian school in Alexandropol
had an overwhelming percentage of Armenian students.59 The official data
clearly indicates that in districts and towns with large Armenian populations,
a greater percentage of inhabitants were literate. For example, in Alexandropol, 43.7% of the population were literate; in Vagharshapat, this was
39.0%; in Yerevan, 38.1%; in Igdir, 35.0%; in Bash-Norashen, 30.5%; and in
Novo-Bayazet, 26.4%. It is interesting to note that Armenians also encouraged thousands of their girls to attend school and obtain a rudimentary
education.60
The Armenians of the Yerevan Province took advantage of upper-level
state schools. They learned Russian and therefore, unlike the Tatars, were able
to continue their professional education outside the province61 and to obtain
posts in the provincial administration.

Press and Printing
In 1771, Catholicos Simeon of Yerevan established the first printing press in
Echmiadzin. In the nineteenth century, the press was responsible in the
publication of Armenian historical and literary works.62
The newspapers of the Yerevan Province were a far cry from the Armenian
periodical press of Tiflis and Moscow. While the journals in Moscow and
especially in Tiflis published articles by Armenian literati and political activists and had a major role in the formation of the modern Armenian identity,63 the short-lived periodicals printed in Yerevan had little or no influence
on the national dialogue. In addition, as the main center of the Caucasus,
most of the official publications and scholarly works on the region were
published in Tiflis.64
During the period of this study, several typographic companies existed in
the city of Yerevan.65 In addition, the vice-governor’s office had its own press
and published official announcements as well as Erivanskiia Gubernskaiia
V`edomosti (Yerevan Provincial News) and the daily Erivanskii Vestnik.66
The fate of the press in Yerevan, like the rest of Russia, relied on the political mood of the central government. Thus the 1884–1885 edicts, as well as
the opening and closing of the Duma, affected the status of the press.
The first newspaper published in Yerevan was Psak, under the editorship of
Vasak Babajanian. It started publishing on March 15, 1880, and, on the order
of the government, ceased publication on April 7, 1884. Meanwhile in 1882,
Babajanian also tried to publish a monthly journal called Aroghchapahakan
Tert at the Emin Ter-Grigorian Press. The journal ceased publication after

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49

four issues. In 1883 another newspaper, Yerevani haytararutiwnner (Yerevan
News), began its publication under the editorship of Ter-Grigorian. That
newspaper also ceased publication on the order of the government on
December 20, 1885.
By 1900, however, Ter-Grigorian succeeded in obtaining permission to
publish the same newspaper, this time in Russian under the name Erivankiia
Ob`iavleniia; this was published one to three times a week until 1917, with
some interruptions during the 1907–1908 period. Depending on the year,
between 1,000 and 3,000 copies were published and sold for 10 kopeks.
In 1907, with the temporary relaxation of censorship following the 1905
Revolution, a socialist newspaper called Fakty (Facts) was published in Yerevan. The short-lived paper managed to put out only two issues before it was
shut down. Another newspaper, started by Vahan Ter-Abrahamian, was the
Nor Tsayn (New Voice); this also did not last long and was shut down in
1907. Another newspaper, Kran, was published at the Luys Press under the
editorship of the socialist Mushegh Bagratuni. Other short-lived publications
published at the same press, which closed in 1914, were Khosk (Word), Nor
Mamul and Kultura, all under Bagratuni’s leadership.67
In general, the small number of urban Armenians could not compete with
the journalistic and literary sophistication of the large Armenian urban
population of Tiflis. Unlike Baku, Yerevan had no newspapers published by
the Tatars.

Health and Sanitation
One of the most important innovations aiding the well-being of the province
was the introduction of a medical department headed by an Armenian, Dr.
Zarmayir Asaturovich Andreasov. His staff, all Russians, included an assistant, a city doctor and a city midwife. There were qualified medical personnel
in every district and major communal center. Except for the Nakhichevan and
Alexandropol districts, which had a Georgian doctor and a Russian doctor,
respectively, in charge, all chief physicians in the other five districts were
Armenian. Furthermore, except for one Tatar (Hoseyn-Qoli Beg Jabbar Beg
Safiev) in Sharur-Daralagez, the other staff doctors, nurses and midwives were
for the most part Armenian, with several Russians.68
The city of Yerevan also had a hospital, whose director and entire staff,
save one, were Armenian.69 There were far more Russian and Armenian
doctors and medical attendants than the few Georgian and European physicians who practiced in the province. There were Russian and Armenian midwives in the main cities as well as in the rural centers. There were no Muslims
in any of these professions.70
The Yerevan prison had its own hospital. The province also had a psychiatric asylum. Two doctors, Ter-Ovanesov and Ter-Avetisov, had private
offices. There were hospitals in Kanaker and Qamarlu in the Yerevan District;
a hospital near the Armenian seminary at Echmiadzin as well as those in

50

Part I

Ashtarak and Kurdukuli in the Echmiadzin District; hospitals in Igdir and
Kulpi in the Surmalu District; a city hospital in Alexandropol and one in its
prison; and in the Alexandropol District, one in Big Karakilis and one in
Kaftarli. Nakhichevan had a hospital in its prison as well as one in Nakhichevan and Chananab. Novo-Bayazet had hospitals in Lower Akhty and
Basar-Kechar; Sharur-Daralagez had a hospital and clinics in Bash-Norashen
and Keshishkend. There were altogether 40 male and 4 female doctors, 71
medical attendants, 36 nurses and midwives, 7 dentists and 26 pharmacists, 12
in the main villages and 8 in the cities. There was one medical laboratory in
the city of Yerevan.
One of the results of improved medical care was population growth. Statistics for 1914 indicate 36,238 births (19,158 boys and 17,080 girls) and
23,500 deaths (12,723 males and 10,777 females). Thus, the population of the
province, in 1914, had increased by a total of 12,738.71
Another result of better sanitary conditions, vaccinations and medical care
was that the frequent cholera epidemics that had plagued the province in the
eighteenth century and first half of the nineteenth century lessened considerably, although they would flare up periodically due to polluted irrigation
waters. For example, in 1904, 4,615 people contracted cholera and 3,679 died
from the illness.72
Leprosy was a rare disease, which may have come from Iran. A report by
Dr. Dmitri Maliushenko, written in 1906, confirmed that 68 men and women,
28 of them in the mountain villages of Daralagez, had leprosy and that the
governor of Yerevan had sent medical teams to examine and isolate those
affected.73
Between 1896 and 1905 there were 1,011 cases of scarlet fever. Although
the epidemic had slowed down by 1907, 79 children had died in Yerevan, 506
in the Yerevan District, 252 in Alexandropol, 18 in Nakhichevan, 75 in NovoBayazet, 287 in Echmiadzin, 28 in Sharur-Daralagez and 146 in Surmalu.
The medical authorities vaccinated 37,000 children and used 50,000 vaccines
to combat the epidemic.74 In 1912, 20,716 smallpox vaccinations were
administered at a cost of 168,874 rubles.75
In 1906, 43,324 cases of malaria were reported. By 1910, however, due to
the efforts of the government and Dr. Ter-Avetisov, only 7,778 such cases
were reported. Forty-three persons died from malaria in 1906, 56 in 1907, 65
in 1908, 117 in 1909 and 73 in 1910.76
Statistics for 1910 reveal that between 1906 and 1910, over 100,000 people
had consulted doctors or medical attendants in the cities and in the rural
clinics of the province, both as in- and outpatients. The majority of the cases
were not serious. However, as the population and travel increased, more
people contracted infectious diseases. In 1906, 747 individuals died from
infectious diseases; in 1907, the number was 837; in 1908, 1,106; in 1909, 954;
and in 1910, 1,105.77
The final and most curious statistics, published in 1915, are the number
who had died in 1914 from unnatural causes such as infanticide (2 males),

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murder (160 males and 18 females), suicide (13 males and 9 females), lightning strikes (2 males and 1 female), falls from heights (7 males and 4
females), fire (2 males and 7 females), freezing (4 males), drowning (26 males
and 4 females) or as a result of other accidents (20 males and 6 females) as
well as those found dead from unknown causes (9 males and 3 females). In
1914, this added up to 247 men and 46 women.78
The importance of livestock to the economy of the province required a
veterinary department. Two Russian veterinarians were in charge of this
office, while Russian and Armenian veterinarians oversaw the clinics in
Yerevan79 and other urban centers as well as the main rural centers of
Qamarlu, Shahtakhti, Bash-Norashen, Igdir, Kulpi, Big Karakilis, Ashtarak,
Vagharshapat and Yelenovka.80
Thanks to the efforts of the 23 veterinary centers, the number of livestock
in the province increased considerably.81 Most of the veterinarians were Russian, but Armenians and a handful of Georgian and Russianized European
veterinarians also worked in these centers. Yerevan also had a slaughterhouse,
which required a medical supervisor, a Russian, to examine the animals and
the resulting meat.

The Military
Russian military sources agree that Russia did not anticipate any danger from
Iran in future conflicts.82 Therefore, out of the five military barracks in the
Yerevan Province, only one, located in Nakhichevan District, had a border
with Iran. The other four – Yerevan, Echmiadzin-Surmalu, Alexandropol and
Novo-Bayazet – bordered the Ottoman Empire or were concerned with safeguarding Tiflis, the center of the Russian administration in the Caucasus.
The tax records clearly indicate that Muslim men were exempt from military service.83 In exchange, they had to pay a special army tax.84 It is probable that the local Russian officials did not trust the Tatars, who may have
had sympathies for the Ottoman Turks.85 The 1906 figures indicate that the
Muslims paid a total of 61,920 rubles toward this tax.86 In 1910, the amount
collected was 64,440 rubles.87 Armenian men were subject to the draft, and
many served in the Russian army outside the Yerevan Province.88
The districts had recruitment centers staffed by Russian and Armenian
officers. There were also a few Muslims who were in charge of keeping
records of the eligible Muslims and collected the army tax.89
The Yerevan District had recruitment centers in the city of Yerevan and the
village of Qamarlu. The Echmiadzin and Surmalu districts had centers in
Vagharshapat, Ashtarak and Igdir. The Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez
districts had such centers in the cities of Nakhichevan and Ordubad and in
the village of Bash-Norashen. The Novo-Bayazet District had one office in
the town of Novo-Bayazet and two centers in the villages of Gëzal-Dara and
Lower Akhty. The Alexandropol District, which had been the launching
point for the Russian attack against the Ottoman Empire in the 1877–1878

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Part I

Russo-Turkish War, became an even a more important military center after
rail connections were established to Tiflis and Kars. There were thus five
recruitment offices, in the city of Alexandropol and the villages of Big
Karakilis, Jajur, Illi-Karakilis and Khorom.90
Each district had its own assembly points for infantry and cavalry units,
which were located in the main communes of the district. Sixty-six Armenians
were in charge of the Armenian-populated communes of Kanaker, BashGarni, Shirabad, Noragavit, Chikdamlu, Qamarlu, Buyuk Vedi and Davalu
in the Yerevan District; the communes of Vagharshapat, Kizil-Tamur, Aytagh,
Khatun-Arkh, Ashtarak, Parbi, Yeghvard, Kara-Kilisa, Bash-Abaran, Karkhun, Kurdukuli, Sardarabad, Shahriyar, Kosh and Talin in the Echmiadzin
District; the Igdir Commune in the Surmalu District; the Upper Akulis,
Chananab, Vanand, Kazanchi, Tumbul, Sheikh-Mahmud, Karababa, DiginAlmalu and Jaghri communes in the Nakhichevan District; the Khanluklar,
Khachik, Pashalu, Gindevaz, Hasan-kend, Malishka, Keshishkend and Arpa
communes in the Sharur-Daralagez District; the Agzibir, Chirchir, DaliKardash, Göl, Lower Karanlegh, Gëzaldara, Zagalu, Armenian Lower
Akhty, Alapars and Randamal communes in the Novo-Bayazet District; and
the Alexandropol, Small Karakilis, Kaftarli, Khorom, Tvashan Kishlak,
Molla Gökcha, Haji Khalil, Hamamlu, Saral, Big Karakilis, Bozi-Kend,
Jajur, Illi Karakilis and Kizil-Koch communes in the Alexandropol District.
The Russians took care of the Russian-populated communes of Karmalin,
Yelenovka, Lower Russian Akhty and Nalband.91 The Tatars were in charge
of collecting the army tax from the Muslim communes.
After the unrest during 1903–1907, Russian military units, under the command of Russian officers, were stationed in the province. Two high-ranking
commanding officers, one in Yerevan and the other in Alexandropol, oversaw
the defense of the province. The first was in charge of defending Yerevan,
Novo-Bayazet, Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez districts; the second
guarded Alexandropol, Echmiadzin and Surmalu districts. The province had
a gendarmerie as well.92
Various army units were stationed in the province after 1907. In the Yerevan Region, there was: the 2nd Caucasian Cossack Division composed of the
following units – the 1st Poltava Cossack Regiment, the Yerevan Border Brigade, the 2nd Kuban Regiment, the 5th Kuban Cossack Battery; and the 2nd
Caucasian Rifle Brigade, with the following units – the 5th Caucasian Rifle
Battalion, the 7th Caucasian Rifle Battalion, the 8th Caucasian Rifle Battalion,
the 1st Caucasian Artillery Division and the 2nd Caucasian Battery.
In the Alexandropol Region, there was the 39th Artillery, the 2nd Siege
Artillery Regiment, the 39th Artillery Brigade, the 39th Infantry Division, the
1st Brigade, the 153rd Infantry Regiment of Baku, the 2nd Brigade of the 2nd
Infantry Division, the 80th Infantry Regiment of Kabarda and the 45th
Dragoon Regiment.
One company from the 7th Caucasian Rifle Battalion was stationed in
Igdir; one company from the 8th Caucasian Rifle battalion was stationed in

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Vagharshapat; and three squadrons of the Poltava Cossacks Regiment and the
5th Cavalry Battery of the Kuban Cossacks were stationed in Kanaker. There
were also local military units in Nakhichevan and Ordubad.93

Religious Institutions
The Iranians, during their long rule, had viewed the Holy See at Echmiadzin
as the religious center of their Armenian subjects, and its Supreme Patriarch,
or Catholicos, as its khalife (caliph). Not only was the Armenian Church
exempt from all taxes, but it owned orchards, baths, shops, houses and the six
large villages of Vagharshapat, Ashtarak, Noragavit, Patrinj, Mughni and
Teghenis as vaqf, or tax-exempt endowed property.
After the Russian conquest, the Russians, in 1836, imposed the Polozhenie
(regulatory statutes), which for all intents and purposes placed the Armenian
Church under the control of the central government. Although the Catholicos
and the Armenian archbishops were in charge of their dioceses and schools,
all the decisions of the Armenian Synod required the approval of the Russian
procurator, who was also a member of that body. The Catholicos could not
discipline any members of the synod without imperial consent, and he could
not leave the Holy See for more than four months. Furthermore, upon the
death of a Catholicos, the electors had to submit two names to the tsar, who
would choose one as the new head of the Armenian Church.
It is ironic but accurate to note that the Armenian Church had more freedom during Muslim domination than under Russian rule. The Russian assault
against the Church in 1903–1905 was the final blow and, for the first time,
caused anti-Russian feeling among most Armenians, who had originally
welcomed the Russians as liberators.
By 1908, Armeno-Russian relations had returned to normal. After the
death of Catholicos Khrimian (1908) and during the process of electing a new
patriarch, the members of the synod included the locum tenens Gevorg Sureniants,94 archbishops Aristakes Davidiants and Hovhannes Shira-kuni,
archpriests Husik Zohrabiants, Babken Aghaveliants and Hamazasp Hamazaspiants. The Russian procurator and a number of other members just
happened to be on vacation.
The Diocese of Yerevan was headed by Archbishop Husik Movsesian, who
supervised bishops Hamayak Ter-Sarkisian, Ghevond Atanasian, Vahan
Mamikonian and Karapet Panchulasian. The secretary was Gabriel
Smbatian.
The Nakhichevan diocese was administered by vardapets Eremia Stepanov,
Hakob Ter-Minasian and Sahak Ter-Markarian. The Alexandropol diocese
was administered by Matevos Ter-Matevosian, who was assisted by vardapet
Petros Matnishian and priest Karapet Arakelian.95
The Shi’a hierarchy was headed by the representative of Sheikh ul-Islam of
the Trans-Caucasus, Abdo’l-Salam Akhund-zadeh. He was in charge of Akhund

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Part I

`Abbas Qoli Beg Soltan Hoseynbekov and Akhund Alaskar Pulad-zadeh. A
secretary, Yusef Beg Khanbudagov, was the scribe.
The Religious Majlis (Shari’a court) of the Yerevan Province was composed
of Akhund Mohammad Baqer Qazi-zadeh, Akhund Mirza Abdollah Kaziev
and Akhund Hasan Qazi-zadeh; the scribe was Mohammad Akhundov.
There were religious courts headed by qazis (judges) in Nakhichevan
(Akhund Sheikh Karim Akhund-zadeh), Echmiadzin (Akhund Mohammad
`Ali Qazi-zadeh), Novo-Bayazet (Akhund Qorban Jannat-zadeh), SharurDaralagez (Sheikh Hamid Akhund-zadeh), Ordubad (Akhund Abo’l-Hasan
Qazi-zadeh) and Surmalu (Molla Hambar Akhund-zadeh).
The mufti of the Trans-Caucasus, Hoseyn-Effendi Gaibov, represented the
Sunnis. The members of his council were Allahuddin-effendi Sobhankulov,
Mostafa effendi Sharif effendi-zadeh, scribe `Abbas Aqa Gaibov, his assistant
Ebrahim effendi Gaibov, and a Russian, Maksim Zhitkov. The qazi for the
Sunnis of Yerevan, Nakhichevan, Sharur-Daralagez and Novo-Bayazet districts was Osman Effendi Haji-zadeh, while Echmiadzin and Alexandropol
had their own.96
There were seven Armenian Apostolic churches in the city of Yerevan:
Peter and Paul,97 St. Gregory,98 St. Katoghike (dedicated to the Virgin
Mary), St. Hovhannes, St. Zoravar, St. Sargis and St. Gevork. In addition,
there were 469 Armenian churches and chapels in the Yerevan Province.99
Moreover, the province had 28 Armenian monasteries, six in the Echmiadzin District (Shogakat, Hripsime, Gayane, Mughni, Saghmosavank and
Hovhannavank); five in the Yerevan District (Khor-Virab, St. Karapet,
Geghart, St. Stepanos and Amenaprkich); three in the Novo-Bayazet District
(St. Makinyants, St. Vanevanits and the monastery in Lake Sevan); two in
the Alexandropol District (Arinj and Marmarashen); two in the SharurDaralagez districts (Surb Khach and Gndevank); and ten in the Nakhichevan
District (St. Tovma, St. Karapet, St. Stepanos, St. Hakob Hayrapet, Targmanchats, Truneants, St. Lusavorich, St. Astuatsatsin, Surb Khach and
Amenaprkich).100 There were no monasteries in the Surmalu District.
Although the province had a small number of Armenian Catholics, Assyrians
and Lutherans, there is no record of their houses of worship.
There were two Russian churches in the city: The Church of St. Anna,
which was demolished in 1901; and the Pokrovskii St. Nicholas Cathedral,
which was built on the site of a demolished mosque of Mohammad Khan on
the orders of General Paskevich following the capture of the Yerevan fortress
in 1827. There were 17 orthodox chapels, most of which served the Russian
officials and troops who lived or were stationed in the province.101 The
cathedral and all the chapels were demolished during the Soviet period.
Prior to the World War I, the city of Yerevan still had seven Shi’a
mosques – out of the original eight of the Iranian era – for its Muslim
population, which, as mentioned, comprised some 48% of the city’s total
population. These were the `Abbas Mirza, Zali Khan, Nowruz `Ali Beg,
Sartip Khan, Haji Imam Verdi, Hajji Ja`far Beg (also called Haji Nasrollah

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Beg), and the Gök-Jami (Blue Mosque of Hoseyn `Ali Khan) built between
1764 and 1768. In addition, there were over 300 Shi’a Hoseyniyye, or houses
of prayer, where the martyrdom of Imam Hoseyn was mourned and in which
passion plays were often performed, most of them in the Shi’a-populated
Nakhichevan, Sharur-Daralagez and Surmalu districts. There were a handful
of Hoseyniyyes in the Echmiadzin and Novo-Bayazet districts as well as one
in the Alexandropol District. The Sunni had six houses of worship in the
following villages: Rahman-kend, Big Mazra, Hoseyn Qoli Aqalu, Zod (in
Novo-Bayazet), Saral and Archut (in Alexandropol).102

Irrigation
The irrigation system of the Yerevan Province remained the same as it had
been during Iranian rule. According to the statute of December 3, 1890, each
mahal had to elect a council to determine the amount of water needed in each
village. Each mahal had an official called the mirab, who had a number of
juvars, 103 or assistants, whose job included performing any necessary repairs.
In general, Armenian mirabs supervised Armenian-populated mahals, while
Tatars were in charge of predominantly Muslim mahals. Each mirab and his
assistant were in charge of irrigating one or more village communes.104 The
Alexandropol District had only one mirab, while Novo-Bayazet District had
no mirabs, with local elders supervising the distribution of water instead.
These last two districts did not plant crops that needed a great amount of
water.
Table 4.1 The Mirabs of the Yerevan Province
Mahal

District

Mirab

Kirk-Bulagh
Zangi-Basar
Garni-Basar
Vedi-Basar
Abaran
Talin
Sardarabad
Surmalu
Parchini
Nakhichevan
Alinja-Chay
Dast
Sharur

Yerevan
Yerevan
Yerevan
Yerevan
Echmiadzin
Echmiadzin
Echmiadzin
Surmalu
Surmalu
Nakhichevan
Nakhichevan
Nakhichevan
Sharur-Daralagez
Alexandropol105

Mushegov
Ter-Matevosov
Badalov
Yeghiazarov
Aslanov
Ashraf Beg Aqa-Ogli
Nowruz-`Ali Beg
`Ali Beg Rahim Oghli
Hasanov
Karim Karimov
Isma`il Mamed-`Ali
Iskandar Hajiev
Khalil Aqa Safiev
Gunashev

56

Part I

The mirabs, who were in charge of distributing the allotted water to the fields
of each district, opened or closed the sluices of the canals or other water
sources according to a customary schedule. Irrigation methods varied and
generally followed local custom. Water for irrigation was measured by flow or
time. The mirab would sit at the head of the source and measure the share of
each community. A qanat could provide 8,000 cubic meters of water in 24
hours. If the flow of water came from a river or large stream, it would be
divided into a number of channels. The mirab would open the sluice and
measure the time by placing a small metal bowl with a small hole in a larger
bowl filled with water. When the small bowl sank to the bottom of the large
one, it constituted one unit, or bash. In Nakhichevan, the unit of water used
for irrigation was called a lopat (shovel), which is the Russian equivalent of
the Persian term bil, used as an irrigation measure in the Azarbayjan Province
during the Qajar era. A bil was equal to 24 hours’ flow of water, sufficient to
irrigate approximately five acres of land. Water for mills was measured by
sang (stone); that is, enough water to turn the millstone. The 1910 data is the
only one that includes the figures for water units. A total of some 3,000 units
of water were used to irrigate some 200,000 desiatins. Districts such as Yerevan, Echmiadzin, Surmalu, Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez, which grew
wheat, cotton, rice and cultivated silk, used most of the allocated water. The
northern and colder districts of Alexandropol and Novo-Bayazet, which grew
barley, millet, spelt, rye and potatoes, used the least.106
The salary of the mirabs and juvars was collected from the communes that
employed them. The total collected for these officials in 1902 was 17,521
rubles, and in 1906, the figure was 28,050 rubles.107
The sources clearly demonstrate that the administration of the Yerevan
Province, on the eve of the World War I, was headed by a small group of
Russian officials, with Armenians employed in all positions, even in some of
the higher grades. Unlike the Tatars and Kurds, the Armenians had embraced
the Russian presence in the Caucasus, and, as one scholar has pointed out,
had tried to lessen their outsider status within the imperial system.108 The
organizational and technical experience and skills gained by this group of
Armenians proved essential in their administration of the government of the
Armenian Republic as well as in the early years of Sovietization.

Notes
1 The reign of Tigran II, known as Tigran the Great, (95–55 BC) marked the era
of the short-lived Armenian Empire.
2 For more details, see Chapter I.
3 Vorontsov initiated the publication of this almanac; the first issue was published
in Tiflis in 1845 and the last in 1916.
4 For more details, see Suny, Georgian Nation, 96–112.
5 The number and names of the officials changed between 1900 and 1914. A
complete list of every high- and low-ranking official can be found in part I of
PK/1902–1914. I have chosen to include the more important posts in this study.

Administration and Society

57

6 By 1914, Armenians such as Smbat Khachaturian, Grigor Ter-Khachaturov,
Levon Minasyants and others were high-ranking functionaries in all such offices;
KK (1916), part IV, 249–250.
7 During the Armeno-Tatar clashes of 1905–1907, Louis Joseph Jerome Napoleon,
the grand-nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, was temporarily assigned the post of
military-governor. He was instrumental in bringing order by arresting some
perpetrators of murder, arson and looting.
8 He was assassinated in Baku in 1905.
9 He served as governor from 1916 to March 1917.
10 In 1914, 98 fires (17,138 rubles in damage) were recorded; most of them occurred
in the fall and winter months and were due to stoves or fireplaces that caught
fire. Echmiadzin and Alexandropol, however, reported a number of arson cases;
KK (1916), Statistical Section, 66–67.
11 One such engineer, named Mehrabov, drew a plan of the city of Yerevan as it
appeared in 1906–1911 (see Map 4).
12 The names and titles of every official between 1900 and 1912 can be found in
part I of the PK/1902–1914.
13 The secretaries were A. I. Marchenko (1900–1907), V. E. Vasiliev (1908–1912)
and Kh. A. Volchanin (1914); see Note on the Sources.
14 See Chapter V.
15 Bournoutian, Erevan, 104–106.
16 The Tatars had followed suit by adding the “ov” or “ev” suffix; for example,
Aliyev or Rezaev. Both groups also Russianized the spelling of their names:
Gasanov instead of Hasanov; Saakov instead of Sahakian/Sahakov.
17 PK/1910, part I, 37.
18 Ibid., 37–38. The Tatar representatives included `Ali Beg Mamed Ja`far-oghli,
Mashhadi-Baqer Mamed-oghli Aliyev, Bey-Mamed Haji-`Ali, Haji Arze Haji
Kazem-oghli, and Haji Memed-`Ali Haji Al-Asker-oghli.
19 The names of all the council members in Yerevan, Alexandropol and NovoBayazet can be found in PK/1908, part I, 29–33.
20 PK/1910, part I, 40.The Kangarlu tribe was in charge of the Nakhichevan
Khanate during Iranian rule; see Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 47–48.
21 The names can be found in PK/1908, part I, 32.
22 Ibid., 17–21.
23 Five were boys aged 10 to 17, and 31 were young men aged 18 to 21; see PK/
1908, register 8. In 1912, 1315 individuals were found guilty, 556 were acquitted
and 2 were judged in absentia; PK/1912, part III, 59.
24 The names can be found in PK/1908, part I, 20–22.
25 PK/1910, part I, 36–37.
26 Ibid., 32.
27 Ibid., 33.
28 Ibid., 34.
29 Ibid., 35.
30 Ibid.
31 Ibid., 36. All of these officials had Armenian, Russian and Tatar underlings,
whose names appear in the registers cited herein.
32 For a complete list, see PK/1912, part IV, register 2, 1–12.
33 See Chapters II and III and Part II, Tables I–VII.
34 By 1900, despite the opening of the Tiflis-Kars railway, 81.2% of the goods
moving from Yerevan to Tiflis were still transported by animals; PK/1902, part
III, 105.
35 The schedule was according to St. Petersburg time, which was 58 minutes behind
that of Tiflis.
36 KK (1907), 134–135.

58

Part I

37 KK (1916), Information Section, 107–108. The cost from Alexandropol to Kars
ranged from 54 kopeks to 2 rubles and 70 kopeks. There was also a separate cost
for every 10 pounds of goods transported between the stations; ibid. The cost for
children was less; ibid., 118.
38 The postal-telegraph service in the Darachichak region functioned only in the
summer, from June 2 to September 8.
39 PK/1910, part II, 30.
40 Those interested in philately are well aware that envelopes or postcards with
genuine postmarks from these post offices are rare and very valuable. For more
information, see K. Zakiyan and S. Saltykov, Pochta i pochtovye marki Armenii
[Postage Stamps of Armenia] (Yerevan, 1988), 24–28.
41 KK/1911, part I, 88–91.
42 Ibid., 91–92.
43 Since Nakhichevan oversaw the entire district, there was no need to have an
office for Ordubad. Thus, Igdir became the fifth administrative center for the
Surmalu District.
44 The names appear in PK/1908, part I, 37–39.
45 Ibid., 33. See also Chapter VII.
46 See Chapter VI for more details.
47 See Chapter IV for more details.
48 Samuel G. Wilson. “The Armenian Church in its Relation to the Russian
Government,” The North American Review, 180 (578) (1905), 93–94.
49 See Chapter I.
50 PK/1910, part IV, Table 12.
51 In 1912, the numbers had increased to 347 institutions with 27,982 students; PK/
1912, part III, 74–75.
52 The province had two public libraries, one in Yerevan and one in Alexandropol.
The books, almost all in Russian and Armenian, were utilized largely by those
two groups.
53 PK/1902, part III, 98; PK/1906, part III, 119.
54 PK/1912, part III, 20.
55 Including four in Alexandropol, one in Novo-Bayazet and one in Nakhichevan;
PK/1914, part III, 181–182.
56 In the Armenian villages of Tazakend, Norgavit, Shirabad, Varmazyar, Jafarabad, Qamarlu, Novruzlu, Chikdamlu, Dalular, Davalu, Kanaker, Bashkend,
Jivrish, Vagharshapat, Lower Khatun-Arkh, Kerpalu, Kosh, Kurdukuli, MollaBayazet, Gecherlu, Kuzi-kulan, Ashtarak, Oshakan, Kızıl-Tamur, Piragan,
Parbi, Karbi, Anavank, Tamjirlu, Kazanfar, Sachlu, Bazarjuk, Mastara, Igdir,
Pliur, Aletlu, Evjilar, Dashburun, Kulpi, Pashakend, Kulali, Noraduz, Kelaikirlan, Lower Gezaldara, Lower Akhtakh, Karavansaray, Randamal, Tutmashen,
Solak, Chubukhlu, Ordaklu, Alapars, Zolakhach, Lower Adiyaman, Vali-Aqalu,
Ulya-Norashen, Yerdapin and Varmazyar, Astapat, Julfa, Abrakunis, Chananab
(Tsgna), Kyalali, Danagirt, Upper-Akulis, Lower Akulis, Upper Azakh, Mesropavan, Khalkhal and Parag, Big Kapanak, Darali, Tsitianlov, Geran, Hamalu,
Bash-Kend, Kipchak, Khorom, Artik, Chorli, Big Keyti, B. Karakilis, Norashen, Kazanchi, Duzkend, Chrakhli, Lishlak, Yaqubli, Jajur, Konakhran, and
Bugdashen; ibid.
57 The names of the schools in Yerevan and the location of the schools in the rural
centers are in PK/1914, part III, 181–182.
58 Lynch, who visited the Yerevan Gymnasium at the end of the nineteenth century,
mentions 260 students, 159 of which were Armenians, 67 being Russians and
only 18 Tatars; Lynch, Armenia, I, 221–222.
59 Ibid., 129.

Administration and Society

59

60 KK/1907, Statistical Section, 332. Another source mentions some Muslim officials did not know Russian and a number of them were illiterate; PK/1902, part
III, 5. According to official figures for January 1, 1909, three times more Armenians in the Trans-Caucasus attended schools compared to the Tatars; KK
(1910), part IV, 589. The official figures for 1912 have 788 Armenians, 303
Tatars, 124 Russians, 16 Assyrians, 10 Georgians, 8 Greeks, 6 Kurds and others
in the secondary (city) schools and 9,914 Armenians, 1,725 Tatars, 800 Russians,
55 Greeks, 30 Georgians, 135 Assyrians, 71 Kurds, and 130 others in the
elementary rural schools; PK/1912, part III, 19.
61 The majority went to the Nersessian Academy in Tiflis, the Lazarian Institute in
Moscow or the University of Dorpat [Tartu].
62 They included Zakaria’s The Chronicle of Zakaria of Kanaker (1870), The History of Nader Shah written by Catholicos Abraham of Crete (1870), Catholicos
Simeon of Yerevan’s Jambr (1873), and the Book of History by Arakel of Tabriz
(1896).
63 Foremost among these was Hiusisapayl (Aurora Borealis), edited by Stepanos
Nazarian. It was published in Moscow from 1858 to 1864. It ceased publication
due to complaints from Armenian Church leaders and other conservatives.
Nazarian’s mantle was passed to Grigor Artsruni whose Mashak (Tiller), published in Tiflis from 1872 to 1921, became the foremost journal to continue
Nazarian’s mission. For a serious study on the role of the Armenian press in the
Armenian national awakening, see L. Khachaturian, Cultivating Nationhood in
Imperial Russia: The Periodical Press and the Formation of a Modern Armenian
Identity (New Brunswick, 2009).
64 Among these were Kavkazskii kalendar’ (1846–1916); Kavkazskii Sbornik (1871–
1912); Akty sobrannye Kavkazskoiu Arkheograficheskoiu Kommissieiu, 12
volumes (1866–1912); A. Aganeants, ed., Diwan Hayots patmut`ean, 18 volumes
(1893–1914); S. Esadze, Istoricheskaia zapiska ob uprevlenii Kavkazom, 2
volumes (1906); and G. A. Ezov, Nachalo snoshenii Echmiatsinskogo
patriarkhago prestola s russkim pravitel’stvom (1901).
65 Among them were those belonging to Edelson and Co., Ovanesiants (Hovanesian)
and Co., and Luys.
66 PK/1908, part IV, Table 12.
67 Hakobyan, Yerevani, 429–444.
68 For a complete list of names, see PK/1914, part I, 18–20.
69 The director was Dr. Hovhannes Ter-Mikaeliants; ibid., 30.
70 The names can be found in PK/1908, part I, 16–17.
71 KK (1916), Statistical Section, 37; the table included in the Statistical Section
gives the figures for the main cities and each district.
72 PK/1906, part IV, 101. There were no epidemics reported in 1912; see PK/1912,
part III, 21.
73 PK/1908, part IV, 1–11.
74 PK/1914, part V, 1–23.
75 The state contributed 16,815 rubles, which was taken from the treasury; 94,786
rubles came from taxes from the rural areas and 53,533 rubles from taxes from
urban areas; and 3,740 rubles came from the patients themselves; PK/1912, part
III, 22.
76 PK/1912, part VI, 13.
77 Ibid., 12. In 1912, 253,192 persons saw a doctor and 2,101 persons were
hospitalized; PK/1912, part III, 21.
78 KK (1916), Statistical Section, 54–55. The table includes the figures for the main
cities and each district.
79 The head of the city’s veterinary center was an Armenian, V. I. Torosyants; PK/
1908, part I, 31.

60

Part I

80 PK/1914, part I, 20–21.
81 See Chapter V.
82 Captain Uslar, ed., Voenno-Statisticheskoe obozrenie Rossiiskoi Imperii, Vol.
XVI, Part 6, Erivanskaia Guberniia [Military-Statistical Study of the Yerevan
Province] (St. Petersburg, 1855), 2.
83 Although at first all non-Russians were excluded, Christians were recruited after
1886.
84 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
85 This was made evident during the Turkish invasions in 1918 and 1920.
86 PK/1906, part III, 119.
87 See Part II, Tables I–VII. The tables do not indicate the exact number of eligible
Muslim men or the amount of tax per man.
88 Hovannisian, Armenia on the Road, 115.
89 The records indicate that neither of the two Muslim officials in the Yerevan
District knew Russian and only one could read; PK/1902, part III, 5.
90 PK/1902, part II, 4.
91 Ibid., 5–8. The 1907 data confirms that Armenians and a handful of Russians
were in charge of all the conscription centers; PK/1908, part I, 22–24.
92 The commander of the Yerevan District was Colonel Viktor Radzikovskii, and
that of Alexandropol was Colonel Andrei Sokolov. The commander of the gendarmes was Colonel Grigorii Vakulenko; ibid. In 1914, there were gendarmes
posts in Yerevan, Echmiadzin, Alexandropol and Julfa; KK (1916), 628–629.
93 PK/1908, part II, 31. The names and ranks of the commanders of these units can
be found in PK/1908, part I, 65–67.
94 He became the Catholicos in 1911 and served until 1930.
95 PK/1908, part I, 64.
96 Ibid., 64–65. It is interesting that none of the Armenian religious leaders had
Russianized their names, while some of the Muslims had done so.
97 Demolished in 1930 to build Cinema Moscow.
98 The church was opened in 1900 and demolished in 1949, replaced by a school.
99 Alexandropol (130), Echmiadzin (93), Yerevan (70), Novo-Bayazet (59), Nakhichevan (62) and Sharur-Daralagez (32). The Surmalu District, with 23, had the
fewest Armenian houses of worship. For a complete list of names and locations;
see PK/1908, part I, 111–118. Although many were demolished or left in ruins
during the Soviet era, the present Armenian government has engaged in restoring a
number of these churches and monasteries.
100 Most of these were left in ruins or bulldozed during the Soviet period after
Nakhichevan became part of Azerbaijan. Following the Armeno-Azeri War over
Nagorno-Karabakh, almost all of the Armenian religious monuments there were
destroyed.
101 For a complete list, see PK/1902, part III, 109.
102 For a complete list, see ibid., 119–121. Almost all of these mosques were either
pulled down during Soviet rule or abandoned and left in ruins after the emigration of the Muslim population. Two mosques remained in the city of Yerevan.
There was a small one on the outskirts, which served the needs of the Azeris that
lived or visited Yerevan. That mosque was bulldozed in 1990 after the ArmenoAzeri War in Nagorno-Karabakh. The second, the Blue Mosque, was neglected
and served as the Museum of the city of Yerevan in Soviet times, but has been
beautifully restored by the Islamic Republic of Iran and is the only active
mosque in Armenia today. It serves Iranian diplomats and Iranian tourists.
103 The Russian term is derived from the Iranian mir-ab (water chief) and ju or juy
(narrow ditch). It is interesting to note that the irrigation terms had retained
their Iranian versions, but were written in Russian characters.
104 PK/1902, part II, 14–17.

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61

105 The Alexandropol District did not exist in Iranian times.
106 See Part II, Tables I–VII for the names of the villages that needed irrigation and
those which grew crops without irrigation.
107 PK/1902, part III, 98; PK/1906, part III 119. The 1910 figures combine all the
dues collected for the schools, mirabs, repairs, etc.; see Part II, Tables I–VII.
108 See Khachaturian, Cultivating Nationhood, 24–25.

V Land Tenure and Agriculture

Following the Russian conquest, the number of private land holdings in the
Armenian Province, most of which had been in Muslim hands, diminished
significantly. In the absence of strong proof to the contrary, Russian administrators, who felt that some of these lands had been privatized illegally,
diverted them into the state registers.
The land reform of 1870 did not apply to peasants who lived on land
belonging to the treasury, but it did ease, to some extent, the living conditions
of peasants on private lands.1 The state permitted the peasants to form village
communes and to purchase 5 desiatinas of land with the help of loans from
the Peasant Bank. The peasants would repay the loan through their taxes.
Although some peasants in Russia took advantage of such loans, only a
handful of farmers in the Yerevan Province did so.2 The land purchase
experiment was, overall, a failure, and it was terminated following the 1905
Revolution.3
The land tenure records for the Yerevan Province, registered in Tiflis, indicate that at the end of the nineteenth century, the Yerevan Province had five
basic types of landownership:
A) Treasury4 (the same as divani in the period of Iranian rule): The villages,
pastures and irrigation canals in this category belonged to the state.
B) Molk5 (also mulk): This Iranian land tenure term indicated that the land
was owned privately. These landowners, known as molkdars, were Muslim
(khans, begs, aqas, yüzbashis and kadkhodas) and Armenian (kevkhas and
meliks) notables. Some owned whole or part of villages, others owned nomadic pastures, and yet others owned irrigation canals. During the Iranian
period, these molkdars were either, in a few cases, exempt (mo`af) from direct
taxes or, in most cases, had to pay a smaller percentage of their produce to
the khan’s treasury.6 The number of molks was reduced after the Russian
conquest, especially between 1840 and 1872, when tax collectors demanded
proof of ownership.
C) Arbabi: These were a handful of very small plots belonging to individual
proprietors,7 known as arbab in Persian and tanuter in Armenian. These
plots, mostly orchards or small lots attached to a village, belonged to local
hereditary petty gentry.

Land Tenure and Agriculture
8

63

D) Toyul (also tiyul): This Iranian land tenure term indicates land granted
in lieu of service; that is, a fief. Most of these toyuldars received payments in
the form of a percentage from the harvest (see below). Following the Russian
conquest, the number of toyuls, almost all in Muslim hands, diminished significantly, especially those that had become hereditary. The appointment of
Russian administrators ended the need for Muslim officials to receive land in
lieu of service. By 1903, only 40 such partial toyuls remained within the
villages belonging to the treasury.9
E) Vaqf (that is, property belonging to religious institutions):10 These lands
were religious endowments donated by Muslims to their respective religious
institutions, and they were exempt from all dues and services to the state.
Armenian religious institutions, since the fifteenth century,11 had also been
granted the right to endow and establish their own tax-exempt vaqfs. During
the Safavid rule, the Armenian Church held large vaqfs, especially in the
Yerevan region.12 A number of such landholdings were usurped during the
chaotic times that followed the fall of the Safavids. The Armenian Church
hierarchy reinstated some of these landholdings in the eighteenth century,
either as vaqfs or molks.13 Although the Russian administration accepted only
a handful of villages as tax-exempt properties belonging wholly to the
Armenian Church,14 the Church continued to own private estates, from which
it collected a percentage of the revenues.15
F) Partial ownership: This land tenure category occurred when a part of the
land was owned or disputed16 between the state and another party such as a
molkdar, a toyuldar or a religious institution.
It is interesting to note that even after seven decades of Russian rule, the
administration of the Yerevan Province still used terminology of the Qajar
era – terminology which itself had evolved from the Safavid period.17
The above designations changed during 1900–1914. The data from the
official registers of the Yerevan Province indicate five basic types of landownership: treasury,18 private estates,19 personal,20 treasury/private21 and
property of the Armenian Church.
The former molk category was now listed as private estates. The former
toyul lands were now included in the category of personal property. Since
Muslim vaqfs, in general, did not include any villages and were primarily in
the urban centers,22 they are absent from the rural registers. Small vaqf plots
belonging to a mosque within a village were also placed in the personal
property category. Villages belonging to the Armenian Church were listed in a
separate category. Villages whose lands were split between the state and private owners were placed in the treasury/private group. As will be seen, each
group had its own tax bracket.23
The percentage of land belonging to any of these five categories varied
greatly throughout the seven districts of the Yerevan Province. Districts which
during Iranian rule had large areas belonging to molkdars, or had been
assigned to toyuldars, retained a percentage of such properties in the form of

64

Part I

private, personal or treasury/private categories. The land in districts with new
settlers belonged entirely to the treasury.
Thus, all the villages in the Alexandropol District, which became part of
the Yerevan Province in 1850, belonged to the state.24 Some 95% of the villages of the Novo-Bayazet District belonged to the state. Furthermore, this
district had no villages that were disputed between the treasury and private
owners. This was due to the fact that Armenian immigrants from the Ottoman Empire had settled from 1829 to 1831 on uninhabited state lands in this
former Gökcha mahal. 25
The other five districts, which in the past had lands that had been alienated
from the treasury by the Qajar rulers or the khans, contained a smaller percentage of lands that belonged outright to the state. The Yerevan and
Nakhichevan districts, which formed the core of the Yerevan and Nakhichevan
khanates, had the least amount of land belonging outright to the provincial
treasury. In 1910, the state owned only 138, or 61.5%, of the 224 villages in
the Yerevan District; 54 villages, or 24.1%, were privately owned, while 32
villages, or 14.5%, were owned jointly by the state and a private party. In the
Nakhichevan District, the state owned only 40, or 24.0%, of the 167 villages;
98 villages, or 58.7%, were privately owned, while the state and private
landholders jointly owned 29 villages, or 17.4%.
The state owned 122, or 72.5%, of the 227 villages in the largely nomadic
district of Surmalu; 122, or 74.8%, of the 163 villages of the largely rocky and
dry district of Sharur-Daralagez; and 165, or 76.4%, of the 216 villages of the
fertile district of Echmiadzin. There were also fewer jointly owned villages in
these three districts compared to the Yerevan and Nakhichevan districts.26
The dry climate and lack of rainfall necessitated an elaborate irrigation
system.27 This was especially true for fields that lay over 4,000 feet above sea
level, where, due to the lack of water, crops would shrivel by the beginning of
summer. Crops like rice, cotton, grapes, sesame and castor oil plants could be
grown only in the lower elevations and with the help of artificial irrigation.
Water for farmland came primarily from canals (arkh)28 connected to rivers,
mountain streams, springs or bogs. The canals had walls made of stone and
narrow parallel wooden beams.
In addition, the province had underground water conduits known as kariz
or qanat, 29 dug during the Iranian period, as well as man-made reservoirs.
All seven districts of the province depended on some sort of canals for
drinking and farming. The digging and the repair of the kariz was the job of
special masters called kankanchi. The irrigation canals were connected to
water reservoirs called ab-ambar, which were constructed of stones and reeds,
near the source of the river or stream. Some canals were temporary; others
were of a more permanent nature. Some canals, especially those on flat areas,
had waterwheels. Water was measured by lopat. 30 Each lopat was a unit of
water sufficient to irrigate 1.5 acres of land. Four lopats was necessary to turn
the wheel of a mill. Another measure, bash, was the amount of water diverted
from its source in a river into a canal.31 Some villages agreed to take turns

Land Tenure and Agriculture

65

and share the water with their neighbors. The term charek was used in this
case, and these were recorded as a quarter, a half, three-quarters or one
charek.32
Water played such a vital part in land cultivation that in addition to the
local mirabs,33 the province had two hydraulic engineers, who reported to the
Water Inspector in Tiflis. The first engineer resided in Yerevan and oversaw all
the districts except for Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez, which were
overseen by the second engineer.34
Since irrigation determined land use, all farmland was divided into fields
that required irrigation and those that could grow crops relying solely on
rainfall and melting snow. Moreover, all useful land was separated yet further
into fields that grew grain and other crops and fields reserved for growing
animal fodder.
The statistical data published in Yerevan between 1902 and 1910 lists,
among other things, every village in each of the seven districts as well as the
total land used for agriculture.35 It is important to add, however, that since
the data was collected intermittently, all the information does not appear in a
single yearbook. For example, the measure of land used for living space
appears in the 1906 report, while the ethnic composition of the villages
appears in the 1908 report and the ownership in the 1910 report. In addition,
the figures for population, crop yield and taxes differ depending on the year
of the compilation of each report.
Grains were the main crops cultivated in the province. The amount fluctuated from year to year depending on the weather. For example, in 1910,
farmers lost crops worth some 155,000 rubles due to drought, hail, floods and
the early snowfall in the previous year.36 This resulted in a terrible shortfall in
grain production, which fell from 11,430,002 to 9,650,003 puds.37 The official
figures clearly indicate that while in 1906, 336,960 desiatins of farmland was
utilized to plant winter and spring wheat, barley, spelt, rye,38 millet and rice,
only 290,670 desiatins were farmed for the same crops in 1910. Such dire
conditions forced all the districts, except for Surmalu, to ask the state to
provide them with grain seeds and flour from the northern parts of the
Caucasus, as well as cash loans.39
The Yerevan, Echmiadzin, Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol districts concentrated on the production of wheat, barley and spelt. In 1900, 70% of the
wheat, worth some 7 million rubles, was grown in the Yerevan, Echmiadzin,
Novo-Bayazet and Nakhichevan districts.40 In 1912, 61.5% of the wheat was
grown in these districts, with Yerevan District producing the most (see Table
5.1).41
Overall, the dry climate of the province meant that more crops were cultivated on unirrigated lands. For example, the figures for 1906 indicate that
191,369 desiatins of land grew crops that required irrigation, while 305,989
desiatins did not. One has to remember, however, that the former grew crops
that were valuable, such as wheat, rice and cotton, while the latter grew less
valuable crops. In 1910, due to drought and blight, the irrigated fields fell to

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Part I

189,357 desiatins and the unirrigated rose to 314,185 desiatins. The total
income from agricultural land in 1910, therefore, fell considerably.42
Barley, which could be grown in a colder climate, was produced primarily
in the Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol districts. In 1900, some 57% of the
barley, worth close to 1 million rubles was grown in these districts. Rye was
only grown in the Novo-Bayazet District.43
Rice was cultivated mainly in the Yerevan District, with some of it exported to Georgia and Russia. Rice produced in the Echmiadzin, Surmalu and
Sharur-Daralagez districts was primarily for local consumption. In 1900, 91%
of the rice, worth over 2.6 million rubles, came from the Yerevan District.44
The 1912 harvest, thanks to the good weather and the abundance of precipitation, produced a bumper crop on the 299,976 desiatins of irrigated and
unirrigated fields that grew grain (Tables 5.1–5.7)45
Table 5.1 Yerevan District, 1912 (34,296 desiatins)

Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Wheat

Barley

Rice

289,902
2,279,915

55,098
476,992

21,236
525,023

Peas
22
170

Beans

Oats

825
11,014

312
2,106

Table 5.2 Surmalu District, 1912 (18,626 desiatins)
Wheat
Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Barley

150,418
870,400

Rice

53,698
281,222

Millet

456
5,329

108
1,778

Table 5.3 Echmiadzin District, 1912 (32,201 desiatins)

Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Rye

Wheat

Barley

Rice

742
6,201

302,284
1,772,857

60,321
417,572

1,695
23,481

Millet

Lentils

18
218

124
629

Beans
258
1,548

Table 5.4 Alexandropol District, 1912 (89,485 desiatins)
Wheat
Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Barley

460,509
1,924,694

393,360
2,350,549

Spelt

Oats

12,905
119,539

825
3,345

Table 5.5 Novo-Bayazet District, 1912 (75,610 desiatins)

Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Rye

Wheat

Barley

Spelt

Millet

Lentils

Oats

2,962
10,490

542,622
1,972,451

251,808
1,220,129

12,832
101,988

157
6,288

75
711

350
1,350

Land Tenure and Agriculture

67

Table 5.6 Sharur-Daralagez District, 1912 (22,514 desiatins)

Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Wheat

Barley

Spelt

Rice

206,804
1,438,074

38,107
283,446

488
2,805

4,847
62,749

Peas
55
674

Lentils

Beans

5
57

14
193

Table 5.7 Nakhichevan District, 1912 (27,361 desiatins)

Seed (puds)
Yield (puds)

Wheat

Barley

Spelt

240,767
1,792,016

47,625
431,706

819
4,586

Jugara
41
327

Rice

Millet

Lentils

496
9,920

122
3,878

30
600

The totals for the main crops were as follows:
2,193,306 puds of wheat seeds yielded 12,926,407 puds.
899,917 puds of barley seeds yielded 5,513,780 puds.
27,044 puds of spelt seeds yielded 229,278 puds.
28,295 puds of rice yielded 616,909 puds.
3,644 puds of rye yielded 16,691 puds.
405 puds of millet produced 12,462 puds.
1,487 puds of oats yielded 6,801 puds.
The total harvest of 19,350,535 puds was 14% higher than that produced in
1911.46
The Yerevan District grew the most wheat and the Surmalu District the
least. The Alexandropol and Novo-Bayazet districts grew most of the barley
crop, which could grow in colder climates and needed less water.
The large number of animals in the province required the production of
fodder, the least lucrative crop: 22,149 desiatins (93.44 square miles) of fodder
was grown on lands requiring irrigation, while 34,641 desiatins (146.1 square
miles) was grown on land that did not.47 Weather conditions dictated the
amount of land utilized for fodder. If there was not enough rain or snowfall
in a particular year, the peasants would increase the size of the fodder fields
or plant grains that did not need a good amount of water.
In 1910, some 11,042,100 puds of hay, 2,124,000 puds of lucerne, 128,000
puds of fenugreek and clover, and 207,000 puds of other animal feed were
harvested. The cost per pud varied according to the crop and district. In
Surmalu and Novo-Bayazet, which produced some 9.5 million puds of hay, it
sold for 40 kopeks per pud, while in the Yerevan District, the price rose to 65
kopeks per pud. Lucerne48 and fenugreek49 were planted only in the Yerevan,
Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez districts and cost between 50 and 75
kopeks per pud. 50

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Part I

In 1912, 21,823,025 puds of animal fodder, which sold from 30 kopeks to
55 kopeks per pud, was grown in the province.51 The large number of nomads
residing in the districts of Surmalu and Novo-Bayazet, as well as the suitable
climate there, meant that some 80% of the animal feed was grown in those
regions.52
Pastureland composed some two-thirds of all the land utilized by the
inhabitants. There were two types of pastures used by nomads and settled
people: yaylaks in summer and kishlaks in winter.53 The summer pastures,
measuring 620,755 desiatins, started at an elevation of 7,000 feet and reached
the snow level at 10,000 feet. Winter pastures, some 136,789 desiatins, did not
rise above 3,000 feet and were, for the most part, used by the Kurds and settled Tatar inhabitants, whose lands did not have enough precipitation and
were not suitable for planting crops. Some winter pastures, where the snow
melted early and the land received direct sunlight, could reach 7,000 feet.
Here the grass would reappear in spring and the land became suitable for
sheepfolds or ağıls. The districts of Surmalu and Nakhichevan possessed the
most pastureland, followed by Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol. Yerevan and
Echmiadzin had the least.54
Less than three square miles of the Yerevan Province was devoted to vegetable gardens.55 The peasants grew beans, peas, tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants and various other vegetables as well as a variety of herbs for their own
use and for selling in the cities and administrative centers.56 Large vegetable
plots were cultivated, primarily in the colder climates of the Alexandropol
and Novo-Bayazet districts, growing potatoes, cabbage, turnips, onions, beets
and other winter vegetables.57 More than 50% of the province’s potatoes were
grown in the Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol districts.58
The province produced oil from sesame seeds, castor plants, hemp and flax
seeds for local consumption and for export to Tiflis. In 1910, the province
produced some 67,000 puds of flax seeds, 5,000 puds of castor oil seeds, more
than 1,000 puds of sesame seeds and around 100 puds of hemp.59 In 1912,
2,868 desiatins of land, primarily in Alexandropol, was devoted to the production of flax. The yield was 57,813 puds of seeds and 66,095 puds of fiber.60
The state owned all the 1,899 mills in the province, which were used to grind
and thresh the grain and oil seeds.
The cost of farming 1 desiatina (2.7 acres) of land depended on the crop,61
the type of land,62 the type of plow (wooden or iron) and the amount of
water.63 In addition, the cost included labor (sowing, the juvar,64 harvesting,
threshing, cleaning and grinding) and the cost of the seeds. Costs ranged from
23 rubles and 70 kopeks to grow barley in the Surmalu District on land not
requiring irrigation to 118 rubles per desiatina to grow cotton in the Yerevan
District on land requiring irrigation. The following data, for the year 1910,
provides a general picture of the expenses per desiatina of agricultural land.65
Yerevan District. Land requiring irrigation – Winter and spring wheat: 50
rubles; barley: 33 rubles and 10 kopeks; rice: 92 rubles;66 cotton: 118 rubles;67

Land Tenure and Agriculture

69

potatoes and green vegetables: 55 rubles. Land not requiring irrigation –
Wheat: 41 rubles and 20 kopeks; barley: 31 rubles and 20 kopeks.
Echmiadzin District. Land requiring irrigation – winter wheat: 44 rubles and
35 kopeks; barley: 40 rubles and 35 kopeks; rice: 102 rubles and 55 kopeks;
cotton: 50 rubles and 65 kopeks; vegetable gardens: 62 rubles and 10 kopeks.
Land not requiring irrigation – wheat: 41 rubles and 25 kopeks; barley: 37
rubles and 25 kopeks.
Surmalu District. Land requiring irrigation – winter wheat: 42 rubles; spring
wheat: 37 rubles and 70 kopeks; barley: 27 rubles and 30 kopeks; rice: 52
rubles; millet: 31 rubles; potatoes: 52 rubles and 50 kopeks; vegetable gardens:
58 rubles and 50 kopeks. Land not requiring irrigation – wheat: 35 rubles and
70 kopeks; barley: 23 rubles and 70 kopeks.
Alexandropol District. Land not requiring irrigation – wheat: 37 rubles and
90 kopeks; barley: 34 rubles and 90 kopeks.
Novo-Bayazet District. Land requiring irrigation – winter wheat: 37 rubles
and 45 kopeks; spring wheat: 30 rubles and 65 kopeks; barley: 29 rubles and
65 kopeks; potatoes: 31 rubles and 10 kopeks; vegetable gardens: 25 rubles
and 20 kopeks. Land not requiring irrigation – wheat: 29 rubles and 30
kopeks; barley: 28 rubles and 30 kopeks.
Sharur-Daralagez District. Land requiring irrigation – winter wheat: 49
rubles; rice: 57 rubles and 10 kopeks; cotton: 57 rubles and 50 kopeks; millet:
31 rubles and 80 kopeks; potatoes: 33 rubles and 20 kopeks; vegetable gardens: 33 rubles. Land not requiring irrigation – wheat: 44 rubles and 10
kopeks; barley: 22 rubles and 50 kopeks.
Nakhichevan District. Land requiring irrigation – winter wheat: 47 rubles
and 25 kopeks; barley: 42 rubles and 45 kopeks; rice: 92 rubles and 50
kopeks; cotton: 63 rubles and 90 kopeks; potatoes: 36 rubles and 40 kopeks;
vegetable gardens: 66 rubles. Land not requiring irrigation – wheat: 37 rubles
and 50 kopeks; barley: 32 rubles and 50 kopeks.
Since agriculture served as the base of the province’s economy, domestic
animals were an essential part of farming. In 1900, the livestock in the province numbered 1,157,000. Sheep, goats, bulls and cows made up 90% of the
livestock. The remaining 10% were composed of horses, mules, oxen, camels
and donkeys. Prior to the construction of railroads, camels were used to carry
loads to Iran. Donkeys were the beast of burden for transporting goods from
the villages to the larger populated centers, while horses and mules transported
goods to Georgia.68
In 1908, thanks to the availability of veterinary care,69 the number of livestock had increased to 1,728,947: 549,729 bulls and cows, 70,000 calves,
56,926 oxen, 945,879 sheep, 105,903 goats and 2,518 pigs. In addition, there
were 33,738 horses and 2,996 foals, 829 mules, 3,391 camels and 27,038
donkeys.70 The districts with an Armenian majority (that is, Echmiadzin,
Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol) had 942,590, or 54.5%, of the total animals. If one adds the livestock from the Yerevan District as well as from the

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Armenian villages in the other districts, the Armenians owned a large percentage of animals such as bulls, cows and oxen, while the Tatars and Kurds
owned more sheep, goats and camels. Pigs were obviously raised only by the
Armenians and Russians.71
Of the three main ethnic groups in the province, the Kurds, who preferred a
nomadic life, were the least involved in agriculture. Since more Tatars than
Armenians were engaged in a semi-settled nomadic existence, it may appear
that the Armenians produced a larger percentage of the agricultural output.
However, it was the size of the village, the availability of water and the type of
crop that determined agricultural productivity.

Notes
1 See PSZR, vol. 65/1 (1870), no. 48357.
2 The Peasant Bank was in Tiflis.
3 See J. Blum, Lord and Peasant in Russia: From the Ninth to the Nineteenth Century
(Princeton, 1961) and G. T. Robinson, Rural Russia under the Old Regime (New
York, 1932). Both sources concentrate primarily on the Russian provinces and
ignore the Caucasus and Central Asia.
4 Identified as kazennaia in the registers.
5 Identified as mul’kadarskaia in the registers.
6 It is important to note that the peasants on these lands paid the same amount of
taxes either to the state or to the molkdar, with the latter keeping all or part of the
dues for his personal use.
7 Identified as sobstvennaia in the registers.
8 Identified as tiyul’naia in the registers.
9 Identified as Treasury/private in the registers (see below).
10 Identified as monastyrskaia, mechetskaia and tserkovnaia in the registers.
11 See the farman of Iskandar Qara Qoyunlu, dated 1431, Matenadaran Archives,
Persian Collection, file 29, folder 1z, doc. 934.
12 H. D. Papazian [A. D. Papazian], Agrarnye otnosheniia v Vostochnoi Armenii v
XVI-XVII vekakh [Agrarian Conditions in Eastern Armenia in the XVI–XVII
Centuries] (Yerevan, 1972), 120–121.
13 See Kat`oghikos Simeon of Erevan, Jambr, G. A. Bournoutian, trans. (Costa
Mesa, 2009), 195–420.
14 See Part II, Table II (villages of Vagharshapat, Mastara, Oshakan and Mughni).
15 See Chapter VII, Taxes on Land, point 6. See also the village of Patrinj in Part II,
Table II.
16 Identified as spornaia in the registers.
17 ZD/I, ii.
18 Identified as kazennyi.
19 Identified as vladetel’nyi.
20 Identified as sobstbennyi.
21 Identified as kazennyi-vladetel’nyi.
22 Most of the vaqfs consisted of income from hammams (baths), stores in the bazaar
or rental units.
23 See Chapter VII.
24 See Part II, Table VI.
25 Part II, Table VII.
26 Part II, Tables I–V.
27 In fact, one such canal had existed for more than a millennium.

Land Tenure and Agriculture

71

28 The reader should note that many Persian and local terms dealing with land tenure
continued to be used in the Russian sources.
29 A typical kariz was dug at a slant and had a number of wells at a distance of
between 20 and 40 meters from one another. Some kariz extended to 3 kilometers.
30 The Russian term is from the Persian bil (shovel), a measure of water used in
northwestern Iran.
31 The lopat and bash units were primarily used in the Nakhichevan and SharurDaralagez districts; see Part II, Tables IV and V. These districts had their own
irrigation methods and, as will be noted below, their own hydraulic engineer in
charge of irrigation. The measure of the units of water in the other districts is not
specified in the registers.
32 Ibid.
33 See the section on Irrigation in Chapter IV.
34 PK/1902, part II, 61–66.
35 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
36 PK/1910, part IV, 7.
37 A pud was a Russian measure equal to 36 lbs.
38 Rye was only grown in the Novo-Bayazet District.
39 See Chapter VII. The 1912 harvest was much better (see Tables 5.1–5.7).
40 For the exact amount of various grains sown and harvested in the prefectures of all
seven districts, see PK/1908, part IV, register 1, and PK/1910, part IV, register 1.
41 PK/1914, part III, 26–27.
42 See Chapter VII.
43 For the exact amount of various grains sown and harvested in the prefectures of all
seven districts, see PK/1908, part IV, register 1, and PK/1910, part IV, register 1.
44 PK/1902, part III, 100–103. In 1912, the yield of rice was 171.3 puds per desiatina,
an increase of 21.8%; PK/1914, part III, 28.
45 PK/1914, part III, 26–27.
46 The land used to plant the grains was 10% greater than in 1911; ibid., 2.
47 PK/1906, part III, 118–119.
48 The registers use the Persian name, yonje.
49 The registers use the Persian name, shambalile.
50 PK/1910, part IV, 7.
51 PK/1914, part III, 9.
52 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
53 The Russian sources use these Turkish terms. The Persian versions are yeylaq and
qeshlaq.
54 See Part II, Tables I–VII.
55 PK/1906, part III, 118–119.
56 PK/1902, part IV, 92. Basil, mint, tarragon, parsley, cilantro, radishes and scallions
were and are a part of the daily diet of the inhabitants of the Caucasus and Iran.
57 In 1912, the two districts used some 3,000 desiatins of land to grow 727,940 puds
of potatoes; PK/1914, part III, 5.
58 In 1912, the total income from such vegetables was 212,836 rubles; PK/1914, part
III, 8.
59 PK/1910, part IV, 7.
60 PK/1914, part III, 8.
61 The register lists the following crops: winter and spring wheat; barley; millet; rice;
cotton; potato and vegetable gardens.
62 The register distinguished between lands needing irrigation and lands that did not.
63 Rice, cotton and green vegetables needed more water.
64 The juvar, the local man in charge of water distribution, generally charged from 20
kopeks to 2 rubles for grain; from 2 to 4 rubles for cotton; and 18 to 20 rubles for
potato and vegetable gardens.

72

Part I

65 PK/1910, part IV, Register 2. The prices of farming some commodities in 1912
were lower due to the availability of water; PK/1914, part III, 30–31.
66 The cost of water, labor and seeds made it expensive.
67 The cost of water, the juvar, the number of workers and the cleaning/carding
increased the cost considerably.
68 PK/1902, part III, 104.
69 See Chapter IV.
70 See PK/1908, part II, Register 3.
71 See Part II, Tables I–VII. In 1912, the number of pigs in the Alexandropol and
Novo-Bayazet districts, which had Russian villages, had tripled. Meanwhile, the
number of bulls and cows, the meat of which could now be transported to Tiflis,
fell; see PK/1914, part III, Register 3.

VI The Economy

The sources clearly demonstrate that the economy of the Yerevan Province
revolved mainly around agriculture.1 In 1900, 62.5% of the economy was
based on grains, 30.0% came from cotton viniculture, fruits, vegetables,
animal fodder and oil seeds, and only 7.5% from manufactured goods.2 Rice
and wheat were the most important grains for the overall economic prosperity
of the province.3 Since grain production was discussed in the previous chapter,
this chapter will concentrate on other economic factors.
Cotton had been and remained a valuable economic product. Following the
capture of Yerevan in 1827, the Russians found large cotton supplies belonging to Hoseyn Qoli Khan Sardar, which he had collected as taxes from
farmers and merchants. The type of cotton grown during the Iranian period
was inferior, however, and did not have a market outside the khanate.
It was only in the 1850s during the viceroyalty of Prince Vorontsov that
production of cotton in the province was encouraged. Up to the year 1863,
the province produced 60,000 puds 4 of cotton each year. In that year, the
American Civil War increased the demand for cotton, and the Yerevan Province was eager to help satisfy it. In 1870, 23,073 desiatins of cotton was
planted, producing 276,876 puds of carded cotton. The price reached 5 rubles
a pud, but soon fell to 4 rubles a pud.
In 1884, the textile manufacturing company of Sava Morozov imported
cottonseeds from the United States and, with the help of the local administration, distributed them among the cotton farmers of the province. In that
same year, Emperor Alexander III ordered an agronomist named Samolevskii, who had studied cotton-growing in the United States, to go to the
Yerevan Province to supervise growing of cotton there.
In 1886, the Big Yaroslav Textile Company of Andrei Korzinkin had
opened offices in the city of Yerevan as well as in the village of Engija in the
Sharur-Daralagez District. The company began to distribute seeds free of
charge and to put cotton gins in the cotton-growing communes for cleaning
the cotton to sell to the company at a set price.
In 1887, three more firms began to purchase cotton from the Yerevan Province: Alekseev from Moscow, Poznan from Lodz (Poland) and Chitakhov
from Tiflis. In 1891, 27,605 desiatins of cotton were planted, producing

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Part I

464,400 puds of cotton. The harvests fluctuated each year depending on the
first frost, water levels in the rivers, and blight.
The cotton grown in the province was known as kara-koza, or black-boll,
and was considered inferior to that grown in Egypt and the United States,
being similar to the cotton grown in Bukhara and Iran; 3 puds of raw cotton
would result in 1 pud of carded cotton.5
The main cotton-growing districts were the southern districts of Surmalu,
Yerevan and Echmiadzin, with Surmalu producing 61.3% of the cotton grown
in the province. The weather conditions in the northern districts of Alexandropol and Novo-Bayazet and the the soil in the Nakhichevan District proved
unsuitable for growing cotton.
In 1900, some 390,000 puds of cotton were produced and sold for 3,606,000
rubles.6 In 1912, 467,652 puds of cottonseeds (426,249 puds of the American
and 41,403 puds of the local variety) were planted on 23,145 desiatins of land.
The harvest that year produced 945,000 puds of cotton, worth between 10.00
and 13.50 rubles a carded pud for the American variety and from 9.00 to
11.30 rubles for the local variety.7 The province also had 20 cotton gins and
presses to clean and bundle the cotton. The sources indicate that the Yerevan
Province, with 37%, was the largest cotton-producing region in the entire
Caucasus.8
Grapes had been grown in Armenia for centuries. The 1902 data states that
the province produced more than 2 million puds of grapes, worth over 1 million rubles.9 Most of the grapes, 82%, were produced by the Armenians living
in the Yerevan and Echmiadzin districts. Since much of the other fruits produced in the province were either consumed domestically or were difficult to
transport, some of the fruit orchards were converted into vineyards.10 In 1900,
2,664,587 puds of grapes produced 1,180,114 vedros11 of wine.12 In 1908,
9,765 desiatins of land produced grapes for wine, resulting in 1,483,691 vedros
of wine worth between 80 kopeks and 1 ruble per vedro.13 In 1914, 10,537
desiatins of land was used for vineyards.14
In 1887, an Armenian named Tayirian started the first cognac distillery in
the city of Yerevan. In 1893, two other Armenians, named Afrikian and
Gyuzalian, opened cognac distilleries. In 1894, a fourth Armenian, named
Sarajian (Saradzhev) started his own cognac works. Two other Armenians,
Soghomonian and Ter-Mkrtichian, started their own cognac production.15
The production of spirits rose sixteenfold from 1890 to 1900.16 In 1899, the
company of N. Shustov and Sons bought Tayirian’s concern. In 1907, Shustov
installed a small hydroelectric plant on the Zangi River and became the first
to use electricity to run his plant. Soon after, he purchased a corking machine
as well. With capital of 400,000 rubles, Shustov produced 45% of all the
cognac made in Yerevan in 1913.17
A large percentage of the grape harvest went straight to the cognac factories, which, in 1908, produced 4,857,148 degrees,18 or some 298,714 liters of
cognac.19 Due to a bumper crop of grapes that year, the amount was one and
a half times more than in 1907. Sources mention that in 1914 there were 456

The Economy

75

distilleries in the Yerevan Province and four rectification plants that produced
vodka. There were 17 warehouses for wine and 2 for cognac, and 584 outlets.20 In fact, the Yerevan Province produced 38.1% of all the alcoholic
drinks and 72.6% of the cognac in the entire Caucasus.21
Tobacco was also grown in the province, but its quality was inferior to the
lowest-quality Turkish tobacco.22 In 1905, some 204 desiatins of land, mostly
in the Yerevan (six villages: Chiman-kend, Tamamlu, Bashanlu, Ulukhanlu,
Kara-Koyunlu and Köylasar), Sharur-Daralagez, and Surmalu (two villages,
Suki and Agarak) districts, produced 50 puds of tobacco per desiatina. It sold
for 10 to 30 kopeks per pud depending on the season and was mostly used in
the chubuks (long pipes) or hookahs of the local Kurds and Tatars, or sold to
the mountain tribesmen.23
Although the most precious product in all of the South Caucasus was silk,
only a small quantity of it was produced in the Nakhichevan and SharurDaralagez districts.24 In 1900, 5,400 puds of silk cocoons were gathered, in
1901, 5,500 puds and in 1902, 4,300 puds. The cocoons sold from 13 to 14
rubles a pud, while woven silk sold from 190 to 200 rubles a pud.25
There were five silk-weaving workshops in Ordubad, one in Lower Akulis
and one in Chananap. Tatars and Iranians (named Mirza Babaev, Farajev,
Nariev, Arabov and Rezaev) operated the workshops in Ordubad, while the
remaining two belonged to Armenians (named Aghamalov and Sarkisov).26
The income of the seven workshops, after all expenses, came to 33,620 rubles.
In 1902, Haji Mirza Mamed-qoli Babaev, one of the Ordubad workshop
owners, brought a master weaver and a weaving apparatus from Iran and
started producing silk handkerchiefs.27
Together with silk from the Shushi District in the Elisavetpol Province, silk
from the Nakhichevan District was exported to Marseilles at a cost of 5,000
rubles for 200 puds.28 In 1910, 4,860 puds of silk cocoons were produced in
Nakhichevan, 501 puds fewer than in 1906. The average price of a pud of silk
cocoons was 15 rubles; the price of spun silk was 200 rubles per pud, while
cotton-silk sold for 30 rubles a pud.29
One of the few natural resources of the Yerevan Province, the salt mines,
produced large quantities of rock salt. The salt was of high quality and was
exported to Russia, Iran, the Ottoman Empire and the rest of the South
Caucasus. The first salt works were located some 7 miles northwest of the city
of Nakhichevan and had been a source of income even during the Iranian
era. Some 5,400 kharvars30 of salt was produced annually. Salt sold for 1
`abbasi or 8 kopeks per batman,31 and each cartload exported to neighboring
regions was subject to customs duties.32
A second, much larger salt works was located outside the village of Kulpi
[Tuzluca]33 in the Surmalu District. The last khan of Yerevan had the monopoly on all the salt produced, sold or exported. He collected an annual
income of 3,500 tomans, a great sum at that time, from this monopoly. Eligible males of all the 173 families residing near the mine were required to work
in the salt mine, producing between 10 and 30 large chunks of rock salt per

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Part I

worker per day. Over half a million batmans of salt was produced annually for
the use of some half a million inhabitants of the South Caucasus, Iran and
Russia. The community had been organized as a separate entity outside the
mahal and had special mirzas, or bookkeepers, to keep account of the salt
production. The workers were among the best paid in the khanate and were
levied a tax of 255 tomans. Although the Armenian Church received 200
kharvars of salt free of charge, it claimed that one-third of the salt belonged
to it through a grant made in AD 529 by the Emperor Justinian, a claim
never honored.
In 1908, the Russian administration chose to rent the Nakhichevan salt
works for an annual fee of 4,800 rubles to an individual named Sustinskii.
The Nakhichevan salt works produced 205,937 puds in that year.34 The selling price, according to the agreement made between the renter and the state,
was 10 kopeks per pud for large pieces and 5 kopeks per pud for small pieces.
After satisfying local needs, the salt was transported to the Elisavetpol Province. In 1909, the Nakhichevan salt works were leased to another private
company for ten years (from June 22, 1909 to June 22, 1919), with the proviso
that it produced 250,000 puds in the first five years and 300,000 puds in the
following five years.35
The Kulpi salt works in Surmalu were more profitable and were rented out
with the expectation of a minimum of 1,010,000 puds per annum. The leaseholder paid the state 4 rubles and 95 kopeks per pud, or a total of 49,995
rubles, and arranged the salt to be transported by rail to Alexandropol, Tiflis
and Kars.36
Although the Sharur-Daralagez District had both a lead mine at Alagez
and a silver mine at Gümüshlık, neither produced any significant ore in the
years 1900–1914. The major mineral ore of the province was copper from a
mine near the Sisimadan Village in the Alexandropol District. The factory,
belonging to Griel’skii and Co., had a concession to mine and smelt the
copper. In 1908, 33,942 puds of copper ore were mined, producing a little over
3,026 puds of pure copper wire, for which the state collected 756 rubles and
75 kopeks in taxes.37 In 1912, the copper works were leased by an Armenian
named Akopov. His company produced only 11,824 puds of copper ore and
1,081 puds and 3 pounds of pure copper wire, which sold for 11,351 rubles
and 23 kopeks. The state received 270 rubles and 27 kopeks in taxes.38
Fruits were an important part of the Armenian and Muslim diet. Numerous orchards with rows of fruit trees were watered by narrow irrigation ditches connected to the main irrigation canals. The 1902 register recorded that
2,868 desiatins was reserved for fruit orchards, producing some 105,000 chetverts39 of fruits, worth 209,000 rubles. Plums, peaches, mulberries, apricots,
apples, pears, cherries, pomegranates, quinces and watermelons were the most
popular fruits. The soil, weather conditions and availability of water were
most favorable in the Nakhichevan, Yerevan and Echmiadzin districts, which
produced some 90% of all the province’s fruit. There were no fruit orchards in
the northern districts of Alexandropol and Novo-Bayazet.40

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77

Fishermen from 18 villages on the shores of Lake Gökcha caught and sold
fish. In total, they operated 50 large nets and 500 smaller ones. The income
from fishing came to 20,000 rubles in 1908, and in 1912, 12,500 puds of fish
worth 50,000 rubles were sold in the cities of Tiflis, Elisavetpol and Yerevan.41
The yearbooks show 20,000 local beehives produced honey, which was
locally consumed and sold for 8 to 12 rubles per pud. Only about 1,000 had
actual frames, the rest being more primitive and producing only between 5
and 10 puds of honey per hive.42
Prior to the construction of the railways, horse- or ox-drawn carriages and
carts (arba) as well as camels and mules were used to transport goods and
produce to Georgia and to the main markets in the province. In 1900, 452,000
rubles’ worth of such trade was recorded, 38% of which was to Georgia from
Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol.43 The rest was taken to Iran, the Ottoman
Empire and the Elisavetpol Province. Even after the arrival of the railroads,
some men from 439 villages continued to serve as carriers using camels,
horses, mules, donkeys and bulls.44
Nonetheless, the construction of the Alexandropol-Yerevan rail line in 1902
and the Yerevan-Julfa line in 1908 did a great deal to facilitate trade and
transportation. By the end of 1908, 4,785,798 puds of goods were transported
by rail out of the province and 9,678,145 puds came by rail into the province,
a total of 14,463,943 puds. The main exports were rock salt, grapes, wine and
cognac, fruit, cotton, sheep wool, goat wool, camel wool, eggs, raisins, butter,
rice, tea, malt, wheat, millet, barley, peas, beans, rye, oats, spelt and firewood.
The main imports were kerosene (from Baku), dried fruit and nuts (from
Iran), sugar, anthracite coal, iron and steel (from Russia), tea (from Georgia)
and tobacco from the Ottoman Empire.45 A great percentage of the imports
from Russia and much of the kerosene from Baku were then exported to Iran.
The most complete figures for imports and exports are gleaned from the
1912 yearbook.46 A total of 4,563,886 rubles’ worth of goods, imported from
Russia and Iran, arrived in the Yerevan Province by railroad or caravans.
Imports from Iran included raisins and almonds (270,601 rubles), carpets
(229,741 rubles), silk cloth (123,243 rubles), dried fruits (2,178,613 rubles)
and small livestock (174,457 rubles). Most of these items were then transported by rail to Tiflis and Russian fairs in Moscow and Nizhni-Novgorod.
Imports from Russia (via Tiflis) included hides (354,998 rubles), cotton
(759,705 rubles) and various metal products (154,111 rubles) produced by the
famed Tula metalworks. It is important to note that a large percentage of
these items were in transit to or from Iran.47 The rest of the imports consisted
of tea, cottonseeds, grains, livestock, dyes, and wool and cotton fabrics, most
of which were sold in Yerevan. The Yerevan Province also exported 1,410,88
rubles’ worth of salt, wine, cognac and fish to Russia, via Tiflis.
A total of 17,021,032 rubles’ worth of goods exported from Russia to Iran
passed through the Yerevan Province: Cotton fabrics (7,773,485 rubles), sugar
(6,799,279 rubles), metal products, which included the famed Russian samovars from Tula (902,506 rubles), wheat (539,721 rubles), large livestock

78

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(539,175 rubles) and kerosene from Baku (346,171 rubles). The rest of the
exports consisted of grains, hard candy, hides, woolen fabrics, and dyes.48
Iranian merchants traded in Yerevan, and the sole foreign diplomat in the city
was the Iranian consul, Haji-Qoli Khan.49
Altogether, 22,995,706 rubles’ worth of trade was conducted through the
province in 1912, with exports exceeding imports by three to one.
The urban dwellers of the province kept a sharp eye on the price of food,
which was delivered daily to the various shops. In 1906, the price of basic
commodities (in kopeks) in the five cities of the province cities were as shown
in Tables 6.1–6.4.
Table 6.1 Prices per Pound in Spring 1906 (kopeks)
City
Yerevan
Alexandropol
Nakhichevan
Novo-Bayazet
Ordubad

Bread
2.3
2.5–5
2–5
3
4

Meat
(grade A)

Meat
(low grade)

11
8
10–12
10
10

9
6
8–10
8
8

Salt

Sugar
2
1
1
1
1

16
16
18–20
16
18

Table 6.2 Prices per Pound in Summer 1906 (kopeks)
City
Yerevan
Alexandropol
Nakhichevan
Novo-Bayazet
Ordubad

Bread
2.3
2.5–5
2–5
3
4

Meat
(grade A)

Meat
(low grade)

9
8
10–12
10
10

Salt

7
6
8–10
8
8

Sugar
2
1
1
1
1

16
16
18–20
16
18

Table 6.3 Prices per Pound in Autumn 1906 (kopeks)
City
Yerevan
Alexandropol
Nakhichevan
Novo-Bayazet
Ordubad

Bread
2.3
2.5–5
2–5
3
4

Meat
(grade A)
11
8
10–12
10
10

Meat
(low grade)
9
6
8–10
8
8

Salt

Sugar
2
1
1
1
1

17
16
18–20
16
18

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79

Table 6.4 Prices per Pound in Winter 1906 (kopeks)
City
Yerevan
Alexandropol
Nakhichevan
Novo-Bayazet
Ordubad

Bread
2.3
2.5–5
2–5
3
4

Meat
(high grade)

Meat
(low grade)

13
8
10–12
10
10

11
6
8–10
8
8

Salt

Sugar
2
1
1
1
1

17
16
18–20
16
18

Sugar had to be imported from Russia and was therefore far more expensive
than salt, which was produced locally.50
There were no large factories in the Yerevan Province. Instead, its manufactured products relied on medium-sized plants and small workshops. The
plants and workshops fell into four categories: a) Products from animal
sources, including leatherworks, silk weavers, felt-makers, soap-makers and
cheesemakers; b) wine and cognac distilleries, breweries, flour mills, oil
presses, cotton carding, rice threshing; c) metal workshops, brick-makers,
potters, cast-iron workers and stonemasons; and d) dyers and bottlers of
mineral water.51
In 1902, the Yerevan Province had a total of 3,469 workshops and small
manufacturing plants, producing goods valued at 1,336,640 rubles.52 The city
and district of Yerevan accounted for 55.2% of manufactured goods, while the
other six districts combined produced 44.8% of manufactured products. In
addition, the Yerevan District was responsible for 43.3%, Nakhichevan
District for 20.8%, Alexandropol for 12.5%, Echmiadzin for 11.8%, SharurDaralagez for 8.4% and Surmalu for 3.2% of the total sales.53
Between 1907 and the advent of World War I, the Yerevan Province added
107 new manufacturing plants or artisanal workshops. The new total of 3,576
plants employed 9,261 workers, who produced 3,289,195 rubles’ worth of
goods; that is, almost 2 million rubles more than in 1902.54 The Yerevan
District now produced a total of 66.5%, while the other six districts combined
ended up with 33.5% of manufactured goods. The Alexandropol District,
with its 615 workshops and 1,215 workers, came second. It produced 295,484
rubles’ worth, or 9%, of manufactured products.55 This is a clear indication
that goods produced in the province had found markets in Iran, Georgia and
Russia, some of which could be now transported by rail.
Ironically, although the urban population of the province, prior to World
War I, had remained at around 10% of the total population, it was the
Armenians who had produced an overwhelming percentage of the manufactured
goods.56
By 1914 there were three electricity stations using German diesel generators
with a combined output of 273-kilowatt hours.57 In addition to the private
hydroelectric plant of Shustov, consisting of one turbine, the Amper Electric

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Part I

Company had its own hydroelectric plant with three turbines on the Zangi
River, which sold electricity to the leather works of Haji Ibrahim-oghli as well
as to the cinema and main businesses in central Yerevan. A few larger plants
that used steam had to get their oil from Baku. Although, in 1909, S. Manasarian conducted studies to use the water of Lake Sevan to produce electricity,
this did not bear fruit.58
This, once again, confirms the economic growth of Yerevan, which due to
the availability of electricity and innovations such as the telephone in some of
the city’s quarters as well as new internal and external markets, began to lose
its Asiatic characteristics.
Although the province did not produce carpets and other floor coverings to
rival those woven in Shirvan, Kuba or Karabagh, some 24,200 rubles’ worth
of such items were produced in 1902.59 The Tatars and Kurds possessed most
of the sheep and goats, and women in these groups produced carpets, coarse
floor coverings (palas/kilim), embroidered cotton rugs (cicim), saddlebags
(khurjin) and woven sacks (mefresh).60 Since almost all of the Armenians were
engaged in farming, few Armenians produced such items. Some Armenian
households in the districts of Novo-Bayazet and Alexandropol, where winters
could last for six months, produced floor coverings.
In the year 1912, women in 66 villages in the Yerevan District produced
12,855 rubles’ worth of floor coverings. In the Echmiadzin District, 80 Kurdish families living in winter pastures produced palas and carpets worth 7,183
rubles. Their carpets were considered the best and used only pure wool and
not a mixture of wool and cotton. In the past, Tatar households also engaged
in carpet weaving, but by 1900 almost all of them had become farmers. Tatar
women in 42 villages in the Novo-Bayazet District produced floor coverings
worth 112,886 rubles. Armenian women in 156 villages in the Alexandropol
District, residing in the villages of Armenian Big Karakilis, Kondaksaz,
Mirak Jamushli, Choban-Karakmaz, Kuri-bogaz, Jajaris, Kurdish Pamb,
Kor-Bulagh Tejir, Armenian Big Arikvali and Haji-Nazar Qoli produced
64,178 rubles’ worth of floor coverings. Kurdish women in 66 villages in the
Surmalu District produced over 8761.5 rubles’ worth of palas. There were two
types of palas: the better-quality zilli and the lesser-quality yamani. The first
sold for up to 30 and the second for up to 16 rubles each.
In 1896 a local Nakhichevani businessman invited a master from Tabriz to
produce a Persian variety of silk carpets. This ended in failure due to the high
cost and time necessary for such an enterprise. By 1912, however, the provincial government realized the export value of good woolen carpets and
received permission from the Central Caucasian Administration to open a
women’s weaving school in Nakhichevan and a nearby dye-works to dye the
wool. They hoped that this would attract young girls from the villages
wanting to learn a trade.61
The total volume of trade in the years 1899–1900 came to 14,035,120
rubles. The total profit came to 1,236,557 rubles, a yield of 8.8%. It is obvious
that most of these merchants were small family-owned businesses. Once again

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81

the cities of Yerevan and Alexandropol accounted for the largest percentage
(65.4%) of the total trade.
Prior to 1900, finance was on a relatively small scale in the province compared to Tiflis and Baku. The 1902 figures list 2,789 merchants and shop
owners. Most of them (2,313) traded up to 5,000 rubles a year. Only 393
merchants traded up to 20,000 rubles, 55 up to 50,000 rubles and 28 over
50,000 rubles. A total of 3,603 employees, an average of 1.3 employees for
each merchant, collected an annual salary of 125,300 rubles, or some 35
rubles per person per annum.
In 1908, two loan companies were established with outside capital. In 1912,
a loan company formed by three Armenians (Amirian, Andonyan and TerIsahakian) began to sell stocks. Soon after, it had 700 stockholders with some
50,000 rubles in capital.62 The province had three banks, two in Yerevan and
one in Alexandropol. There were seven savings companies, three in Yerevan,
two in Alexandropol, and one each in Nakhichevan and Ordubad. There
were also several notaries and insurance companies.
It was only in 1914 that Armenian business owners followed the example of
the Kavkazskii kalendar’ and placed advertisements in what was to be the last
edition of the Yerevan Provincial Yearbook. These advertisements reveal a
good number of businesses by name.
Kevork Khachaturov, who owned the Oriant (Orient) Hotel, notified readers that his establishment was a first-class hotel with rooms starting at 1 ruble
and 20 kopeks a night. The hotel had a superb restaurant in the garden and
an orchestra. The Ohanian factory, which produced canned apricots and
crushed tomatoes, boasted that its products were sold in the imperial capital,
St. Petersburg. An Armenian, named Tatevosian, advertised his shop specializing in imported porcelain, crystal and furniture. The brewing factory
Zanga, which was owned by an Armenian named Avetisiants, publicized its
beer. The Harutunov factory hawked its tin products, while the Tatevos
Brothers advertised their sausage factory and store in Yerevan. A large store,
owned by Gabrielyants and Son, sold weapons and samovars made at the
Imperial Factory in Tula. Barbers, hairdressers, florists and haberdashers
proclaimed their shops and services. Bookstores, music stores, pharmacies
and perfumeries all claimed to have the latest European and Russian products. The Apollo Theater even had the latest silent films, accompanied by an
orchestra.
The largest advertisements were for Armenian cognac produced by Shustov
and Sons, informing readers that this cognac was famed in St. Petersburg,
Moscow, Kishinev, Warsaw, Odessa, Nizhni-Novgorod and Vilna. They also
had agents as far distant as Paris, London, Rotterdam, Melbourne, Brussels
and Chicago. The Sarajev cognac distillery concentrated its advertisements in
the Kavkazskii kalendar’ for the Tiflis market.
Except for a company that sold electric turbines and the telephone company, Armenians also monopolized the sale of machinery such as presses,
threshers and grinders, and they owned the cast iron factory. The only

82

Part I

advertisement by a Tatar was by a man named Afsharov who had a store that
sold hunting guns. His advertisement appeared in Russian and in the local
Turkish dialect, written in Persian characters.
An interesting announcement by the prison officials invited Yerevani plants
and workshops to employ prisoners who had skills as carpenters, tailors and
bootmakers. Such men would be taken to the workshops during the day and
returned to the prison in the evening.
Sources agree that by 1912, the percentage of manufactured goods doubled.
Although grain production remained paramount, it now accounted for only
between 55% and 57% of the economic output.63 The Armenians of Yerevan,
Alexandropol and other towns of the province were the main force behind
this transformation to a more modern economy.

Notes
1 Although there are numerous studies on the living standards of people residing in
the central Russian provinces, no such studies exist for the South Caucasus. The
monthly salary of a common laborer in Russia, which had dropped after the influx
of peasants into the cities after the emancipation of the serfs, rose after 1900 and
continued to do so until 1914 – from just over 16 rubles to 26 rubles and 75
kopeks. Skilled workers, such as weavers, metalworkers, dyers and electricians
earned from 50 to 97 rubles per month. The working hours in factories ranged
from just over 11 hours in 1900 to less than 9.7 hours in 1914. For a recent study
on Russia’s living standards in this period by a scholar at the Russian State Social
University in Kursk, see E. Khautsova, “Pre-revolution living standards: Russia:
1888–1917,” paper prepared for the Annual Conference of the Economic History
Society (April, 2013). See also the study by Tracey Dennison (Caltech) and Steven
Nafziger (Williams College), “Micro-Perspectives on 19th-century Russian Living
Standards,” paper prepared for the meeting of the Social Science History
Association (November, 2007).
2 PK/1902, part III, 108.
3 See Chapter V.
4 As noted in Chapter V, 1 pud equaled 36 lbs. One Iranian kharvar equaled 30 puds.
5 PK/1902, part IV, 123–128.
6 PK/1902, part IV, 127. In 1900, 1 Russian ruble could buy 0.02486 troy ounces of
gold, while 1 US dollar could buy 0.04501 troy ounces of the precious metal.
Hence, 1 ruble was worth just over 55 cents.
7 PK/1912, part III, 6. Un-carded cotton was sold from 2.50 to 2.70 rubles per pud;
KK (1916), Statistical Section, 97.
8 Ibid., 99.
9 The great variety of black, red and white grapes are described in PK/1902, part IV,
97–100.
10 The Yerevan and Echmiadzin districts devoted over 7,100 desiatins to cultivating
vineyards.
11 A vedro, or bucket, equaled around 12.3 liters.
12 PK/1902, part IV, 103. The ratio was approximately 2.25 puds of grapes to 1 vedro
of wine.
13 PK/1910, part IV, 9.
14 KK (1916), Statistical Section, 85.
15 PK/1902, part IV, 111.
16 It rose from just over 7,000 liters to 112,821 liters; ibid.

The Economy

83

17 Hakobyan, Yerevani, 60–61. On the eve of World War I, Shustov and Saradzhev
were the main cognac producers. Saradzhev’s cognac was advertised in Tiflis, while
that of Shustov sold in the best shops of St. Petersburg, Moscow and Europe (see
below).
18 In the Russian sources, the figures for alcohol are given in degrees. According to
the excise tax of 1863, 1 degree equaled 0.123 liters of pure alcohol. The excise tax
for 1 degree was set at 4 kopeks in 1863 and was increased to 11 kopeks after 1900;
for more details, see E. V. Sapilov, Gosudarstvennye dokhody, raskhody, nalogi v
dorevoliutsionnoi Rossii (1898–1914 gg.) [State Income, Expenses and Taxes in
Pre-Revolutionary Russia, 1898–1914] (Moscow, 2001), 87–88.
19 PK/1910, part IV, 9. The figure is based on the 40–50% alcohol content of cognac.
20 KK (1916), Statistical Section, 82. For the excise tax collected by the state, see
Chapter VII.
21 Obzor otraslei promyshlennosti v Zakavkazsakom krae za 1913 g. [The State of
Manufacturing in the Transcaucasus, 1913] (Tiflis, 1914), 216.
22 The Russian sources refer to it as makhorka and the Persian sources as tambaku
(Nicotiana Persica).
23 PK/1908, part IV, 274–275. The seeds used for growing tobacco came from Turkey,
but they must have been of the cheap sort that could not be exported. Its low value
and the relatively high cost of growing it reduced the production of this crop. In
1908, some 1,350 plantations on 114 desiatins produced only 7,699 puds for local
consumption; see PK/1910, part IV, 7. For the excise tax collected by the state, see
Chapter VII.
24 Forty-four households, residing in the villages of Khodaverdi Beg-oghli, Duglun,
Sumbatan-Diza and Yayiji, were engaged in silk production; PK/1902, part IV,
169–170.
25 PK/1904, part III, 22.
26 Ibid., 24.
27 Ibid.
28 The main silk-producing region in the South Caucasus was that of Shirvan.
29 PK/1910, part IV, 10.
30 A kharvar (literally an “ass-load”) was around 300 kilos.
31 A Yerevani batman was 11 lbs.
32 Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 23.
33 The historic Armenian name is Koghb.
34 The total was some 3 million lbs. more than was produced in the Iranian period.
35 PK/1912, part III, 15.
36 The total of over 36 million lbs. by far surpassed the 5.5 million lbs. produced in
the Iranian period. Better tools and regular wages accounted for the difference.
37 The main copper mines of the region were in Allaverdi in the Borchalu District,
which at that time belonged to the Tiflis Province. The district became part of
Soviet Armenia and produced a great amount of copper for Soviet industry.
38 PK/1912, part III, 16.
39 A chetvert was a Russian unit equal to 6 bushels or 126.39 lbs.
40 PK/1902, part IV, 162–164. In 1912, the province produced some 70,000 puds of
fruit; PK/1912, part III, 7.
41 PK/1912, part III, 13.
42 In 1912, 350 villages (92 in Alexandropol) produced 358 puds of honey and 34
puds of beeswax. Honey sold from 7 to 16 rubles per pud and beeswax from 16 to
32 rubles per pud; PK/1914, part III, 12.
43 Most of the goods were transported from Alexandropol to Tiflis by the railway,
newly constructed in 1899.
44 Some 3,702 horses, 6,953 bulls, 2,321 donkeys, 77 mules and 5,732 camels were
used to transport goods. The villagers earned from 15 to 200 rubles a year

84

45
46
47
48

49
50
51
52
53
54
55

56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

Part I
depending on the district and the beast of burden. Camels and horses brought the
most income, while donkeys brought the least; PK/1912, part III, 14.
PK/1910, part IV, 2–50.
PK/1912, part III, 90–107. Some of these products sold in the Yerevan Province.
For example, in 1914, only 2,006 parcels out of the 116,966 parcels that arrived via
Julfa remained in the province; KK (1916), Statistical Section, 108.
In 1913, the customs at Julfa recorded that 6,855,000 rubles’ worth of goods from
Iran, primarily tea, rice, carpets and almonds, had passed through the province to
Europe. In that same year, the state collected 490,656 rubles in import duty from
the Julfa crossing. The value of exports, mainly sugar, kerosene, matches, flour and
manufactured goods, from the same crossing in 1913 came to 17,455,000 rubles;
KK (1916), Statistical Section, 108–110.
Ibid., 638.
PK/1908, part IV, 16–17.
Ibid.
The districts of Yerevan, Nakhichevan, Alexandropol and Echmiadzin (in that
order) produced more than 82% of the manufactured goods.
PK/1902, part III, 107.
PK/1912, part III, 36–43.
The Novo-Bayazet city and district had 372 workshops with 621 workers; Echmiadzin District had 473 workshops with 1,210 workers; Surmalu District had 287
workshops with 306 workers; Sharur-Daralagez District had 441 workshops with
1,332 workers; the city and district of Nakhichevan had 488 workshops with 1,117
workers; and the city of Ordubad had 22 workshops with 340 workers; ibid.
PK/1912; part III, 36–43.
KK (1916), Statistical Section, 73. In comparison, there were 24 such plants in
Tiflis, which produced 1,884.05 kilowatt-hours; ibid.
E. Markov, Ozero Gokcha [Lake Gokcha] (Tiflis, 1911).
The figures are rounded to the nearest 100. In 1908, the production and sale of
floor coverings doubled to 50,000 rubles; PK/1910, part IV, 10. In 1912, it
increased to 134,394 rubles; PK/1912, part III, 13.
The Turkish and Persian terms appear in the original statistics.
PK/1912, part III, 13.
Erivanskoe ob`yavleniia [Yerevan Declaration], no. 3 (1912).
PK/1914, part III, 46–51.

VII Taxes and Revenues

The Safavid tax system, which was introduced to the South Caucasus in the
sixteenth century, continued to function under different names in the various
Iranian khanates1 until the Russian conquest of the region in the nineteenth
century.2 Unlike peasants in Russia, those living in the former Iranian khanates, with few exceptions,3 could not be viewed as serfs. They paid taxes in
cash, kind or both, and they were required to perform corvée. There were
age-old local customs regarding the dues paid to the state (divan), the landowner (molkdar), the fief holder (toyuldar) or the religious institution (vaqf).
The dues depended on the quality of the land and the availability of water.
The Russians eliminated some of the most abusive dues, but it took some
time to alter the centuries-old system of land tenure and taxation. Unable to
speak or read the local languages, the small number of Russian officials continued to rely on previous Muslim landowning notables to assist them in
collecting taxes and in administering the province.
The collection of revenues underwent major changes between the years
1840 and 1886 thanks to the reforms implemented by the Caucasian Central
Administration in Tiflis. The poll tax and the compulsory labor duty (corvée
or the Iranian bigar) were abolished, and a large number of questionable private landholdings were diverted to state control. Moreover, on June 12, 1900,4
the percentage of taxes collected was fixed at a set rate. The result was that
during the first decade of the twentieth century, the living standards of the
peasants began to improve.5
According to a newly published source,6 the Ministry of Finance gathered
revenues from nine sources during the 1898–1914 period. This included direct
and indirect revenues. Direct revenues were collected from the peasants in the
form of land taxes, while the direct revenues collected from the urban population were from their immovable properties. Indirect revenues came from
customs dues, state monopolies,7 state-owned enterprises and capital, concessions,8 redemption dues (until 1905),9 compensation for expenses incurred by
the state treasury for the salary of officials, and various other revenues.10
The direct and indirect taxes paid by the Yerevan Province during the
1900–1914 period are outlined below.

86

Part I

Taxes on Land
The Russian administration, unlike the tax collectors of the Iranian period,
taxed Armenian and Muslim peasants equally. For example, Armenians
formed 43% of the population of the Nakhichevan District and paid 43% of
the total revenues.11 Although it may appear that the Armenians in some
districts paid a higher percentage of the total revenues collected by the treasury, the reason was the large number of Tatar private holdings as well as the
number of Kurds in such districts. A good percentage of private holdings,
especially in the Yerevan District,12 had remained in Muslim hands. Such
holdings paid a smaller percentage to the treasury, with the rest going to the
landlords. Since most of the Kurds were engaged in nomadism and did not
plant lucrative crops, the assessed value of their income was lower than that
of the settled peasants. If we deduct the taxes paid by the Kurds and the
percentage paid by the private owners, both Armenian and Muslim peasants
on state lands paid their fair share.
Between 1900 and 1914, the provincial government collected the following
taxes:
1 Tax known as Gosudarstvennyi obrochnoi pozemel’nyi podati was, in fact,
rent paid by the peasants on state-owned land.13 It was paid either in
cash or kind. The amount differed slightly in each district and averaged
between 13% and 14% of the total value of the harvest.
2 Peasants on privately owned land (former molks) paid a much smaller
rent, referred to simply as “state land tax” (Gosudarstvennyi pozemnyi
nalog). It averaged just over 3% and ranged from a low of 2.69% to a
high of 3.35% depending on the district. The lowest rate was in Yerevan
(2.69%), followed by Nakhichevan (2.89%). The highest was in SharurDaralagez (3.35%), followed by Novo-Bayazet (3.30%), Surmalu (3.28%)
and Echmiadzin (3.24%). The Alexandropol District had no privately
owned agricultural lands.14
3 However, peasants on privately owned lands were not better off, for they
had to pay their landlord the difference between the smaller state land tax
and the rent. Therefore, whether they worked on state-owned or private
land, peasants paid the same amount of taxes.
4 In addition, all peasants living in their respective communes had to pay a
percentage of the value of their crops to the state. This tax (zemskii sbor)
averaged between 6% and 8%. All villages, except for the handful of
totally exempt settlements (see below), had to pay this tax.
5 Thus, the peasant on state-owned and private lands paid between 19.0%
and 22.5% of their income to the state, or to the state and landowner. The
lowest rate was in the Nakhichevan District (19.17%), followed by the Yerevan District (20.29%). The highest rate was in Sharur-Daralagez (22.65%),
followed by Novo-Bayazet (22.27%) and Alexandropol (21.40%) districts.
The Echmiadzin (21.08%) and Surmalu (20.95%) districts fell in the middle.

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87

6 The total amount of these taxes depended on the size of the village, the
number of households and the type and amount of crops grown. For
example, in 1910, the Armenian village of Zeyva, located in the Aytagh
Commune of the Echmiadzin District, which was owned by the treasury,
had 251 households living on some 4 square miles of land. Its assessed
income was 24,353 rubles.15 The village paid 3,178 rubles (13.05%) in
rent and 1,935 rubles (7.95%) for the assessed value of their crop. The
total of 5,113 rubles represented the combined figure of 21% in land
taxes.16
7 The Tatar village of Ulukhanlu, located in the Noragavit Commune of
the Yerevan District, which was also owned by the treasury, had 499
households living on 6 square miles of land. Its assessed income was
33,912 rubles. It paid 6,884 rubles (20.29%) for the combined land
taxes.17
8 The Tatar village of Malaklu, located in the Igdir Commune of the Surmalu District, which was privately owned, had 361 households living on
15.5 square miles of land. Its assessed income was 32,901 rubles. It paid
3,135 rubles (9.53%) for the combined land taxes, 3.28% of which was for
rent and 6.25% for the assessed value of the crop.18
9 Peasants living in villages that belonged partly to the state and partly to
private owners (most of them former toyuldars or molkdars) paid
according to the percentage of land held by each side.19 For example, the
village of Karakhanbeglu in the Nakhichevan District, which was partly
owned by a landlord, paid 12.82% instead of the customary 19.17%. The
landlord collected the 6.35% difference.20 The smaller percentage of tax
signifies a larger percentage of private ownership and vice versa.21
10 Peasants who lived on a handful of small personal plots, which had been
administered by Tatar khans, Armenian meliks or caretakers of Muslim
houses of worship, paid the lowest rate (3–5%), with the balance going to
the toyuldar or mutevali. 22 The tax registers identify these as personal
landholdings.23 For example, see the village of Gök-Kilisa in the Yerevan
District and Agarak in the Surmalu District.24
11 Peasants on land belonging wholly to the Armenian Church paid neither
of the above two taxes to the state. The Church would collect the entire
amount of taxes. The villages of Vagharshapat, Oshakan and Mughni in
the Echmiadzin District fell into this category.25
The amount of revenues from land depended on economic growth as well
as internal conditions. For example, in 1900, the total agricultural income of
the 99,974 rural households was 9,080,222 rubles. The state collected 470,395
rubles for rent and 400,599 rubles for the agricultural tax, totaling 970,994
rubles.26 It is interesting to note that the percentage per household is very
similar to the dah-yek (one-tenth) collected as the mal-o-jahat during the
Iranian rule.

88

Part I

In 1905, the total agricultural income of the 102,107 rural households was
8,739,256 rubles. Thus, despite the population increase, the agricultural
output had fallen slightly. However, due to the financial problems caused by
the Russo-Japanese War (1903–1905), the state collected 585,668 rubles for
rent and 412,867 rubles for agricultural tax, totaling 998,535 rubles.27
In 1910, due to the poor harvest, the total agricultural income of the
107,647 rural households fell even further, to 6,443,260 rubles. However, the
total tax collected was 1,072,370 rubles.28

Indirect Taxes
Even though the total land taxes averaged only around 21% judging by these
figures, the state collected a number of other dues. The amount of these taxes
depended on the size of the village and the services it utilized.
1

2

3

4

Dues for the upkeep (soderzhanie) of a) public officials such as police and
commune administrators; b) schools and teachers; c) the mirabs and
juvars; and d) maintenance of roads, bridges and irrigation canals. Such
dues were similar to the rusum, ehdas, darughegy and ekhrajat collected
during the Iranian administration. The dues for the maintenance of
canals, bridges and roads had replaced the former bigar, the free labor
performed by peasants on roads and structures belonging to the state or
the khan.
While, the taxes for the mirabs and schools were not collected from every
village, all villages,29 even if they were exempt from all land taxes (as was
the case with lands belonging to the Armenian Church), had to pay dues
for the upkeep of public officials and maintenance. The tables in Part II
indicate that these dues could be high in large villages or centers of each
commune. For example, in 1910, the village of Kanaker, located in the
Yerevan District, paid 977 rubles, or 23% of the total revenue collected
by the treasury for the upkeep of public officials.30 The village of
Vagharshapat, which was the residence of both the police superintendent
and the commune administrator and which was exempt from land taxes,
paid 4,704 rubles in soderzhanie dues for its schools and canals and the
upkeep of its officials.
In 1900, the villages paid 204,352 rubles for the upkeep of officials,
17,521 rubles for the salary of mirabs and juvars, 33,282 for schools and
35,669 for the maintenance of infrastructure.31 In 1905, the villages paid
298,237 rubles for the upkeep of officials and the maintenance of infrastructure, 28,050 rubles for the salary of mirabs and juvars, and 64,045 for
schools.32 In 1910, the villages paid 440,667 rubles for the upkeep of
officials and the maintenance of infrastructure, the salaries of mirabs and
the expenses of schools.33
Army tax, or voinskii nalog. 34 The yearbooks indicate that only Muslims
were subject to this tax. Since Muslims were exempt from military

Taxes and Revenues

5

6

7

8

89

service, they had to pay a special tax collected from the number of eligible adult males in each village. The Armenians served and therefore were
not subject to the tax.
The sum total of the army tax depended on the number of eligible
Muslim adult males in a village. Unfortunately, the yearbooks do not
mention the amount of this tax per person. In addition, although we have
the number of males in each village, there is no information on the age of
the men. The treasury collected 61,920 rubles from the villages in 190535
and 64,830 rubles in 1910.36 In 1912, the treasury collected 68,867 rubles
from the eligible Muslim men living in rural and urban communities.37
Excise taxes. The state collected an excise tax for the sale of alcoholic
beverages, tobacco, sugar, crude oil, cigarette paper and matches. In
1914, the Yerevan Province paid a total of 670,324 rubles for these taxes.
Almost 91% of that, or 609,314 rubles, was derived from the sale of
alcoholic beverages. Although this amount paled in comparison with that
of the oil-producing Baku and Batum provinces (40,810,217 rubles and
3,042,282 rubles, respectively) and the Tiflis Province (4,252,025 rubles),
the economic growth of the Yerevan Province had put it in fourth place,
ahead of Elisavetpol, Kutais and Kars provinces.38
Additional revenues. The state collected import-export duties (tamozhennyi dokhod), stamp duty for official forms, petitions and other documents
(gerbovyi sbor), concessions (pravitel’stvennye regalii), state fees for postage, telegraphs and money transfers as well as transport by rail or boat
(prochie poshliny i sbory).
On June 10, 1910, a new tax code was introduced, dividing the province
according to four tax-collecting departments. The provincial yearbook for
the year 1912 includes, for the first time, a complete breakdown of the
taxes for the rural and urban population.39

Department I
Combined land taxes from the rural communities (Gosudarstvennyi obrochnoi pozemel’nyi podati, Gosudarstvennyi pozemnyi nalog and Zemskii sbor’):
1,169,707 rubles
Army tax (Voinskii nalog) (rural): 66,343 rubles
Army tax (urban): 2,465 rubles
2% tax from plants and workshops: 22,218 rubles
Tax on immovable urban property: 29,052 rubles
Tax on urban households: 26,687 rubles
State tax on city apartments for rent: 11,861 rubles
Fines, interest on arrears, etc.: 35,023 rubles
Debt issues: 538 rubles
Total for Department I: 1,465,294 rubles

90

Part I

Department II
Zemskii sbor’: 2,937 rubles
Total for Department II: 2,937 rubles
Department III
Combined land taxes from rural villages: 9,848 rubles
Army tax: 59 rubles
Arrears: 2,489 rubles
Surveying costs and debt issues (railroad): 251,801 rubles
Remainder of capital repayments: 10,000 rubles
Total for Department III: 274,196 rubles
Department IV
Administrative costs (soderzhanie) for:
Ministry of Internal Affairs (commune administrators, police superintendents, mirabs, repairs, etc.): 122,314 rubles
Ministry of War: 651 rubles
Ministry of Trade and Transportation: 124,207 rubles
Ministry of Education (schools): 29,593 rubles
Ministry of Justice (courts, prisons): 14,403 rubles
Ministry of Finance: 1,814 rubles
Department of Land Tenure: 95,096 rubles
Chancery: 2,000 rubles
Treasury: 21,470 rubles (tax collectors)
Post and telegraph: 24 rubles
Subtotal: 996,860 rubles
Miscellaneous revenues from manufacturers, shopkeepers and hotels: 439,545
rubles
Excise Tax: 670,324 rubles
Total for Department IV: 2,106,729 rubles
Total for Departments 1–IV: 3,849,156 rubles40
Compared to the more than 30 different taxes (most of them irregular and
arbitrary) collected in the Yerevan and Nakhichevan khanates during the
Qajar period,41 the inhabitants of the Yerevan Province in the last decades of
imperial rule not only were guaranteed a fixed tax rate, but were beginning to
enjoy the advantages of security, health care, transportation, education and
all the other benefits of a Westernized empire.42
Since, in 1912, some 85% of the population of the province still resided in
rural communities, the peasants paid a large portion of the taxes. In addition,
the peasants had to put away seeds for the next harvest and also consumed
some of the harvest. They had to sell or barter some of their agricultural
produce for household products and clothing and to buy meat for the

Taxes and Revenues

91

holidays, pay for christenings, weddings and funerals, cover repairs to their
dwellings, etc. Although we do not have the exact figures, it can be safely
deduced that in good times, the peasants would have something left in reserve,
while in bad times, they had to borrow money and seeds from the state.
This is verified by the 1910 yearbook. In that year, as a result of poor
harvests, the peasants in each of the seven districts of the Yerevan Province
sought assistance from the state. The Novo-Bayazet District received 64,263
puds of wheat seeds for its spring wheat planting, 6,925 puds of grain for
subsistence, 13,430 puds of flour, as well as a loan for 11,606 rubles and 48
kopeks against future harvests. The Yerevan District received 21,475 puds of
wheat, 8,960 puds of barley seeds and 45,367 puds of wheat for subsistence,
and it borrowed 14,783 rubles and 25 kopeks against future harvests. The
Sharur-Daralagez District received 17,993 puds for planting, 50,799 puds for
subsistence and 228 rubles against future harvests. The Echmiadzin District
received 8,224 puds for planting and 12,059 puds for subsistence. The Alexandropol District received 15,752 puds for planting, 3,013 puds for subsistence
and 1,997 rubles and 20 kopeks against future harvests. The Nakhichevan
District received 6,421 puds for planting and 7,994 puds for subsistence. In
addition, a number of villages in the Surmalu District borrowed 18,840 rubles
against future harvests.43
The interest on the loans ranged from 3% to 5%. The 1912 data indicates
that both the urban and rural inhabitants were in arrears. The urban centers
owed 411,424 rubles and 38 kopeks. Yerevan, with 259,892 rubles and 37
kopeks, owed the larger amount and Ordubad, with 506 rubles, the lowest.44
The total owed by the rural communities came to 661,265 rubles and 1
kopek. Nakhichevan, with 212,611 rubles and 75 kopeks, owed the most and
Novo-Bayazet, with 38,991 rubles and 32 kopeks, the least.45
The above figures clearly indicate that although the taxes collected in the
Yerevan Province had risen gradually, they could not compare to the revenues
of the Tiflis or Baku provinces. Moreover, if one compares the 1912 state
revenues of the Yerevan Province with that of the entire Russian Empire for
the same year (221.4 million rubles in direct land taxes and 484.3 million
rubles in indirect taxes), the Yerevan Province contributed a mere half a
percent of the total revenues collected in Russia in 1912.46

Notes
1 For the different terminology used for some of these taxes in Yerevan, Nakhichevan, Sheki, Shirvan and Karabagh, see Bournoutian, Erevan; The 1823 Russian
Survey of the Karabagh Province (Costa Mesa, 2012); Nakhichevan; The 1820
Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan (Oxford, 2016); and The 1819 Russian
Survey of the Khanate of Sheki (Costa Mesa, 2016).
2 For the list of the various revenues, see I. P. Petrushevskii, Ocherki po istorii feodalnykh otnoshenii v Azerbaidzhane i Armenii v XVI-nachale XIX vv. [Studies on
the History of the Feudal Conditions in Azerbaijan and Armenia from the 16th to

92

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

Part I
the Beginning of the 19th Centuries] (Leningrad, 1949), 266–291, and Papazian,
Agrarnye, 226–247.
A small group of landless peasants, called ranjbars, who worked as sharecroppers
were at times forcibly held by some khans (like that of Qobbeh); see Petrushevskii,
Ocherki, 248–249, 317–319.
PK/1912, part III, 46.
Stefan Plaggenborg, “Tax Policy and the Question of Peasant Poverty in Tsarist
Russia, 1881–1905,” Cahiers du Monde russe, 36 (1–2), 1995, 53–69.
Sapilov, Gosudarstvennye.
These included excise taxes on alcohol, crude oil production, sugar, matches,
tobacco, import-export duties, etc.
These included renting out mines or giving fishing rights to various individuals or
companies.
These were redemptions on loans to peasants to purchase state or private land.
The experiment was a failure and all such repayments were cancelled in 1905; see
Chapter V.
Sapilov, Gosudarstvennye, 13.
See Chapter III and Part II, Table V.
See Chapter V.
Ownership of such lands is identified as “Treasury” in Part II, Tables I–VII.
Ownership of such properties is identified as “Private” in Part II, Tables I–VII.
The tables in Part II include kopeks as well.
See Part II, Table II, village no. 3. The tables in Part II combine the rent and crop
taxes in a single figure.
See Part II, Table I, village no. 102.
See Part II, Table II, village no. 5.
Some had more than one private owner. Ownership of such villages is identified as
“Treasury/Private” in Part II, Tables I–VII. The number of villages in this category
had diminished between 1862 and 1914 because the state had begun to survey the
land and demand documentary proof of ownership. Most disputes were eventually
resolved, and the percentage belonging to each side was recorded; see KK (1916),
Statistical Section, 71.
Part II, Table V, village no. 11.
Part II, Tables I–VII.
The term translates as a steward of a vaqf.
See Part II, Tables I–VII.
Part II, Table I, village no. 5, and Table III, village no. 123.
Part II, Table II, village nos. 11, 23, 34. Ownership is identified as “Armenian
Church” in Tables I–VII.
PK/1902, part III, 99.
PK/1906, part III, 119.
See Part II, Tables I–VII.
Barring a typographical error, the sole exception appears to have been the
Armenian village of Molla Kasum; see Part II, Table II, village no. 83.
See Part II, Table I, village no. 1.
PK/1902, part III, 98–99.
PK/1906, part III, 119.
See Part II, Tables I–VII.
The tax was similar to the suyursat (upkeep of troops) collected from all peasants
in the South Caucasus during the Qajar era.
PK/1906, part III, 119. There is no information on this tax prior to 1905.
See Part II, Tables I–VII.
See PK/1912, part III, 46–51.
KK (1916), Statistical Section, 84.

Taxes and Revenues
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46

93

PK/1912, part III, 46–51. All figures are rounded to rubles, without the kopeks.
Ibid., 51.
Papazian, Agrarnye, 226–247; Grigor’ev, Statisticheskoe.
See Chapters IV–VI. This was especially true in the case of the Armenian inhabitants
of the province.
PK/1910, part IV, 8.
Nakhichevan owed 73,989 rubles, Alexandropol 60,855 rubles, and Novo-Bayazet
16,182 rubles.
The Yerevan District owed 130,565 rubles, Alexandropol 65,348, Surmalu 75,931,
Sharur-Daralagez 87,611, and Echmiadzin 50,206; PK/1912, part III, 54–55.
Peter Gatrell, The Russian Fiscal State, 1600–1914 (Manchester, 2008), 13.

Concluding Remarks

Contemporary sources agree that by 1914 the Yerevan Guberniia was the
only province in the Caucasus, as well as in the entire Russian Empire, with
an Armenian majority, albeit slight at 57.5%. Armenians had a solid majority
in only three of the province’s seven districts, Echmiadzin, Alexandropol and
Novo-Bayazet. Three of the districts, Sharur-Daralagez, Surmalu and
Nakhichevan, had large Muslim majorities, while the seventh, the Yerevan
District, had a slight Muslim majority. In addition, despite the rise of the population in the city of Alexandropol, barely 10% of the province’s population
lived in urban centers.
Russian Armenia, which had started as a backwater of the empire, was on
the verge of being transformed, however. Although the cities of Yerevan and
Alexandropol could not compete with the cultural brilliance of Tiflis or the
industrial output of Baku, the territory of the Yerevan Province, after more
than three centuries of warfare, had profited from the security provided by
the imperial umbrella and had benefitted from the reforms initiated by the
viceroys of the Caucasus. The linguistic, manufacturing and commercial skills
of the Armenian inhabitants had also enabled them to advance far more than
their Muslim counterparts and to dominate in administration, manufacturing
and the professions.
Meanwhile, the three main ethnic groups in the South Caucasus – that is,
the Georgians, Armenians and Tatars (soon to be identified as Azerbaijanis) –
were each at a different stage in their national and political identity. Ironically, the Armenians of Russia had begun their national aspirations in areas
outside their historic homeland; in Constantinople, Moscow and Tiflis and, to
a lesser extent, in Baku, where, although a minority, they formed a significant
element of the economy, disproportional to their numbers.
When, on November 4, 1914, Russia declared war on the Ottoman Empire
following the latter’s surprise attack on the Black Sea fleet on October 29, no
one could have predicted that subsequent events would completely transform
the political, social and economic life of the South Caucasus and especially
that of the Yerevan Province. Despite their losses on the eastern front, the
Russians scored great victories on the Turkish front. By 1917, they had
occupied Erzurum, Van, Erzinjan and Trebizond.

Concluding Remarks

95

Nonetheless, the Bolshevik Revolution, the withdrawal of Russian troops
from the Turkish front, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March, 1918), and the
Turkish advances into the Yerevan and Tiflis provinces in May 1918 resulted
in the creation of three independent republics in the South Caucasus: Georgia, formed from the former Tiflis and Kutais provinces; Azerbaijan, created
from the former Baku and Elisavetpol provinces; and Armenia, made up of
some 5,000 square miles, or less than half of the former territory of the
Yerevan Province.1
Since many of the Armenian political and literary figures resided in Tiflis, it
was in that city and not Yerevan that they formed the Armenian National
Council.2 This body had had no choice but to make peace with the Turks
and, on May 28, 1918, to announce the formation of an independent Armenian Republic. However, it was only on July 17 that the newly formed
Armenian government left Tiflis and arrived in Yerevan. On August 1, the
Armenian legislative body met for the first time to govern a land that was
sheltering survivors of the Armenian Genocide in Turkey as well as being in
the grip of both famine and major cholera and typhus epidemics.3 The provincial hospitals and the former officials did their best to relieve the suffering
that endured during the last months of World War I.
The Mudros Armistice of October 30, 1918, which took Turkey out of
World War I, also meant the withdrawal of the Turkish armies from the
Yerevan Province. Throughout the year 1919, Armenia disputed with Georgia
over the Armenian-populated districts of Akhalkalak and Lori. There was
also a conflict with Azerbaijan over the Armenian-populated districts of
Shushi and Zangezur, as well as the districts of Nakhichevan and SharurDaralagez, which had been part of the Yerevan Province but continued to
have a minority Armenian population.4
Between January 1919 and August 1920, the Armenians hoped that promises made by the Entente, as well as President Wilson’s plan for an Armenian mandate, would restore a large part of historical Armenia, as drawn up
in the Treaty of Sèvres, and would create a viable independent state. No one
anticipated that the territory of the former Yerevan Province would form the
bulk of the future Armenian state.5
Meanwhile, the Turkish Grand National Assembly, led by Mustafa Kemal
(Atatürk) in Ankara, rejected the Sèvres Treaty and prepared to prevent
Turkey from being partitioned. By the summer of 1920, the Anglo-French
interests in the Arab Middle East and the refusal of the United States Senate
to accept Wilson’s mandate left Armenia at the mercy of both Turkish
nationalists and the Bolsheviks.
In the end, the republic could not withstand the combined invasions by
both the Turkish and Red armies, and on December 2, 1920, it was transformed into the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. The Turks and the Bolsheviks then proceeded to redraw the borders of the former Yerevan Province
and the Armenian Republic. By the treaties of Moscow (March 16, 1921) and
Kars (October 13, 1921), the Turks withdrew from their renewed occupation

96

Part I

of parts of the Alexandropol and Echmiadzin districts and returned them to
Armenia. However, the district of Surmalu was ceded to Turkey, and the
districts of Nakhichevan and Sharur along with the western part of Daralagez
were handed to Soviet Azerbaijan.
Although the largely Armenian-populated areas of Akhalkalak [Javakhk]
and Shushi6 remained outside the new republic, Soviet Armenia ended up
with Armenian-populated districts which had been outside the territory of the
former Yerevan Province. The addition of the Zangezur District from the former
Elisavetpol Province (1,739 square miles), and districts from the former Tiflis
Province [present-day Tavush and Lori regions of Armenia] (1,549 square
miles),7 as well as the retention of much of Daralagez (595 square miles)
made up for the loss of the Surmalu District (1,402 square miles), the
Nakhichevan District (1,773 square miles), all of Sharur (380 square miles)
and a small part of Daralagez (95 square miles). In fact, with its 11,505.84
square miles, Soviet Armenia ended up being 233.26 square miles larger than
the former Yerevan Province.8
The detachment of the largely Muslim districts of Surmalu, Sharur and
Nakhichevan, as well as the transfer of the Armenian population to the
remaining districts, painful as it was for the Armenians, assured a solid
Armenian majority in the new republic. The Soviet Armenian Republic, with
all of these border adjustments, thus became the heir to both the Yerevan
Province and the First Armenian Republic.
Most scholars who have studied the history of the Caucasus in modern
times have ignored the numerous social and economic achievements of the
Armenians of the Yerevan Province in the last years of imperial rule. The
Armenian Republic did not emerge in a vacuum. After all, it was the local
commanders, troops and volunteers who had stopped the Turks in Sardarabad, Karakilisa and Bash-Abaran and had forced them to recognize an
Armenian state. Following that, the handful of Armenian leaders from Tiflis
had to rely on the local Armenian commanders and troops, doctors, veterinarians, midwives, nurses, teachers, architects, engineers, manufacturers,
policemen, judges, bookkeepers, surveyors, gun-makers, skilled craftsmen and
farmers mentioned in this study to govern the republic for the next two years.
One cannot predict what the future of the Yerevan Province would have
been had there been no Russian Revolution. On the one hand, the Yerevan
Province had benefitted from the security provided by the empire, and her
educated men and women had acquired the necessary administrative skills by
working within the Russian administrative apparatus established between the
1870s and 1914. Like other parts of the empire, the Yerevan Province was
slowly building a few factories. In the absence of revolution and war, the
Yerevan Province may, in time, have been able to shed more of its agrarian
character, and the city of Yerevan may have become a major urban center. On
the other hand, there is a strong probability that the national awakening of
the large Muslim population would have eventually caused problems for the
Armenians living in the Surmalu, Sharur-Daralagez and Nakhichevan

Concluding Remarks

97

districts. Moreover, the imperial structure would have continued to favor Tiflis
and Baku, and the most talented Armenians would likely have remained in or
moved to Tiflis, Baku, Batum, Elisavetpol, New Nakhichevan or Moscow,
where their educational and entrepreneurial skills would have assured their
greater economic success.
Furthermore, one cannot speculate on the future of the Armenian Republic
had it remained outside the Soviet sphere. The odds that the newly formed
republic – with its large Muslim population, surrounded by hostile neighbors,
mired by refugees, hunger, epidemics and lacking important natural resources
or Western aid – could have developed into a viable state are overwhelming.
Following Sovietization, the leaders in Moscow consciously encouraged the
policy of nation-building in the three southern republics. This was especially
true in Azerbaijan whose Iranian heritage was erased and alphabet altered to
create a new national identity. Nation-building efforts were also made in
Armenia and Georgia with the making of patriotic films and the use of the
Armenian and Georgian languages in education, official publications and the
media. The erection of statues of national heroes, the various literary and
artistic activities and the changing of place names completed the
transformation.9
According to the official Soviet census conducted in 1926, Armenians
formed 84.4% of the population of Soviet Armenia and the Azeris (former
Tatars) accounted for only 8.8%. The city of Yerevan, which had a population
of some 30,000 in 1914, had a population of 64,649 in 1926.10 In 1939, prior
to the start of World War II, the population had grown to 204,214. Twenty
years later, it had reached 509,340. The 1970 census recorded 767,807 residents. Between 1972 and 1979, the population grew from 817,810 to
1,019,200, and by 1988 it had surpassed 1,200,000 residents.
By the end of Soviet rule, Armenia, with a population of 3,304,776, became
the second most densely populated republic, after Moldova. The Armenians
made up some 94% of the population of the republic.11 Armenia became the
only republic in the Soviet Union that had a nearly homogenous population.
Thus, by the end of Soviet rule, Armenia had achieved a national cohesion
unparalleled in its modern history. In addition, the literacy rate among the
Armenians was one of the highest in the Soviet Union; Armenians, together
with Jews, earned the most advanced degrees per capita. Many Armenians,
just as they had done during the imperial era, continued to live in Tiflis or
Baku or emmigrated to other major cities of the Soviet Union.
Soviet rule, for the first time, transformed Armenia from a primarily agricultural land into an urban and industrial society. Factories producing chemicals, synthetic rubber, textiles, machinery, processed foods and electronic
products appeared all over Armenia.12 Lacking large rivers for hydroelectric
plants, the government constructed a nuclear plant, which not only supplied
sufficient electricity for Armenia but also enabled it to send energy to the
neighboring republics.

98

Part I

However, as Armenian industrial output increased and even surpassed that
of Soviet Georgia and Soviet Azerbaijan, pollution and damage to the environment rose considerably. Mt. Ararat, shrouded behind a brown veil of smog,
could rarely be seen from Yerevan, and cancer rates increased. Every major
river in Armenia was declared ecologically damaged, and poorly planned
irrigation projects resulted in the lowering of Lake Sevan’s water level.
Despite its many shortcomings, Soviet Armenia took giant strides during the
70-year communist rule. The architectural structure of modern Yerevan, the
Academy of Sciences, the expansion of the institutions of higher education,
the famed observatory at Byurakan, the opera, theater and ballet, Armenfilm,
the conservatory and the philharmonic, the Matenadaran Archives, the
modern airport, the excellent sports stadium, hotels and museums, tourism
and contacts with Armenian diaspora were all accomplished under Soviet
rule. Soviet Armenian leaders even managed to erect monuments to the Sardarabad victory against the Turks and a monument commemorating the
Armenian Genocide.
The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 left Armenia once again alone,
without major natural resources, and surrounded by its larger neighbors who,
except for Iran, were hostile. The new independent republic, however, had a
number of assets that its two predecessors had lacked. A strong national
identity, a political leadership in place, a larger cadre of highly educated
professionals, a better-trained military and a powerful diaspora enabled the
new republic to overcome the difficult early years of independence. Several
years later, political and economic realities have, ironically, placed Armenia
once again under the protection of Russia, through the 2010 Extended
Defense Pact. What the future will hold for Armenia must wait to be seen.

Notes
1 The best source on the 1914–1918 events is Hovannisian, Armenia on the Road.
The Turks occupied the western half of the Yerevan, Alexandropol, Echmiadzin
and Sharur-Daralagez districts, as well as all of the Surmalu and Nakhichevan
districts. A great number of Armenians fled the occupied zone and sought refuge
in the unoccupied regions.
2 In fact, one of them, Alexander Khatisian, had been the mayor of Tiflis from 1910
to 1917. With the exception of Avetis Aharonian (who was born in Igdir), the rest
were born outside the borders of the Yerevan Province.
3 For a detailed account, see R. G. Hovannisian, The Republic of Armenia, I: The
First Year, 1918–1919 (Berkeley, 1971).
4 The exact nature of these disputes is outside the scope of this study and has been
discussed at length in Hovannisian, The Republic of Armenia, vols. I–II (1971,
1982).
5 The bitter disappointment led to a great rift between Soviet Armenia and the
Armenian diaspora.
6 The Shushi region became the Armenian Autonomous District of NagornoKarabakh within the Republic of Azerbaijan. Since 1994, it has been known as
the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh or Artsakh Independent Republic, with an
Armenian population of 150,000 living in over 1,700 square miles of territory.

Concluding Remarks

99

7 It is important to note that these areas had an Armenian majority, and Armenian
forces periodically occupied them during 1919–1920.
8 See Chapter II. This does not include the Kars Province, which was never part of
the Yerevan Guberniia. It had become part of the Russian Empire following the
Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. It was annexed by the Armenian Republic
immediately after World War I and retaken by the Turks in 1920.
9 See A. Saparov, “The Alteration of Place Names and Construction of National
Identity in Soviet Armenia,” Cahiers du Monde russe, 44 (1), 2003, 179–198.
10 See Zakavkazskoe Statisticheskoe Upravlenie, Naselenie Zakavkaz’ia Vsesoiuznaia
perepis’ naseleniia 1926 g. Kratkie itogi [The 1926 General Census of the Population
of Soviet Transcaucasus] (Tiflis, 1928), table 6.
11 The official Soviet census of 1989 listed 221,160 non-Armenians from a total
population of 3,304,776. The largest three groups were: Azerbaijanis (84,860),
Yezidi Kurds (56,127) and Russians (51,555). The Ukrainians, Assyrians, Greeks,
Georgians, Byelorussians, Jews and Persians (in that order) formed the other
minorities.
12 The only pre-revolutionary product that continued to be sold throughout the
Soviet Union was the famed Armenian cognac.

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Part II

Tables

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Table I – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Yerevan District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture
Kanaker Commune
1. Kanaker
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 295.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields:
1,629.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 223.80 D
Kishlaks: 1,765.00 D
Total useful land: 3,928.95 D
Total households: 295
(294 Armenian and 1 Greek)
Total income: RUB 16.313.22

Total land taxes: RUB 3,311.53
Upkeep of officials: RUB 977.37
Total revenue: RUB 4,288.90
Large livestock: 510
Small livestock: 111
Units of water used for irrigation:
5¼
2. Avan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 249.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 299.00 D
Kishlaks: 233.05 D
Total land: 819.25 D
Total households: 110
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,205.11
Total land taxes: RUB 1,056.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 545.35

104

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 1,601.95
Large livestock: 316
Small livestock: 237
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
3. Arzni (also known as Assyrian
Arzni)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 319.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 454.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.60 D 2
Kishlaks: 688.00 D
Total land: 1,480.70 D
Total households: 114 (12 Tatar and
102 Assyrian)
Total income: RUB 5,732.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,163.66
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 8914.91
Total revenue: RUB 2,016.82
Large livestock: 541
Small livestock: 350
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
4. Arinj
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 55.65 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 267.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 106.80 D
Kishlaks: 87.50 D
Total land: 522.80 D
Total households: 120
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,793.35
Total land taxes: RUB 451.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 542.00
Total revenue: RUB 993.62
Large livestock: 510
Small livestock: 63
Units of water used for irrigation: 5

5. Gök-Kilisa [Kaputan]
Ownership: Personal3
Inhabited space: 33.21 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,528.90
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 121.94 D
Kishlaks: 667.31 D
Total land: 2,351.36 D
Total households: 116 (64 Armenian
and 52 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,011.33
Total land taxes: RUB 358.44
Army tax: RUB 22.95 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 319.00
Total revenue: RUB 700.39
Large livestock: 617
Small livestock: 1,660
6. Jivrish or Jervez [Jrvezh]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 60.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 251.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 699.50 D
Kishlaks: 1,261.25 D
Total land: 2,279.30 D
Total households: 108 (101
Armenian and 7 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,834.50
Total land taxes: RUB 610.54
Army tax: RUB 6.12 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 385.97
Total revenue: RUB 1,002.63
Large livestock: 272
Small livestock: 254
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
7. Yelgovan [Kotayk]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.27 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 51.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 294.44 D
Kishlaks: 423.00 D
Total land: 771.40 D

Table I
Total households: 76
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,591.53
Total land taxes: RUB 123.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 310.59
Total revenue: RUB 434.55
Large livestock: 298
Small livestock: 392
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
8. Kaya-Kharaba
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 81.00 D
Kishlaks: 209.00 D
Total land: 292.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 290.80
Total land taxes: RUB 59.02
Army tax: RUB 19.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.72
Total revenue: RUB 115.26
Large livestock: 121
Small livestock: 496
9. Ketran [Getamej]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 90.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 252.00 D
Kishlaks: 206.00 D
Total land: 553.50 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,967.70
Total land taxes: RUB 153.32
Army tax: RUB 11.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 94.00
Total revenue: RUB 258.54
Large livestock: 185
Small livestock: 197
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
10. Mogub [Balahovit]
Ownership: Private

105

Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 95.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 31.50 D
Kishlaks: 38.00 D
Total land: 166.00 D
Total households: 18
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,251.10
Total land taxes: RUB 97.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 200.73
Total revenue: RUB 198.24
Large livestock: 116
Small livestock: 7
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
11. Novo-Nikolayevka [Jraber]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 301.50 D
Kishlaks: 1,077.00 D
Total land: 1,380.50 D
Total households: 29
(16 Armenian and 13 Russian)
Total income: RUB 1,421.28
Total land taxes: RUB 288.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 103.86
Total revenue: RUB 392.37
Large livestock: 134
Small livestock: 119
12. Nurnus
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 66.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 333.00 D
Kishlaks: 407.00 D
Total land: 808.00 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,014.18
Total land taxes: RUB 408.87
Army tax: RUB 127.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 137.26
Total revenue: RUB 673.63
Large livestock: 357

106

Part II

Small livestock: 715
13. Ptghni
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 263.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 140.00 D
Kishlaks: 343.00 D
Total land: 764.65 D
Total households: 59
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,246.60
Total land taxes: RUB 330.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 193.37
Total revenue: RUB 524.27
Large livestock: 301
Small livestock: 180
Units of water used for
irrigation: 1½
14. Shahab [Mayakovski]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 99.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 631.00 D
Kishlaks: 219.00 D
Total land: 965.50 D
Total households: 90
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,550.80
Total land taxes: RUB 720.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 426.18
Total revenue: RUB 1,146.96
Large livestock: 322
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
15. Elyar [Aknadzor]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 160.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 440.00 D
Kishlaks: 120.00 D
Total land: 775.00 D

Total households: 85
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,826.40
Total land taxes: RUB 454.04
Upkeep of officials: RUB 234.36
Total revenue: RUB 688.40
Large livestock: 429
Units of water used for
irrigation: 3½
16. Tazakend4 [Nor-Geghi]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 140.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 364.00 D
Kishlaks: 486.00 D
Total land: 994.50 D
Total households: 92
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,957.70
Total land taxes: RUB 600.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 577.02
Total revenue: RUB 1,177.41
Large livestock: 374
Small livestock: 263
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
17. Üç-Tapa-Shaban Ağıl
(a sheepfold)
Ownership: Treasury
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Army tax: RUB 22.50
Total revenue: RUB 22.50
Large livestock: 159
Small livestock: 227
Aramus Commune
18. Aramus
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2,000.00 D

Table I
Unirrigated plowed fields:
1,662.00 D
Kishlaks: 667.00 D
Total land: 4,343.75 D
Total households: 220
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,638.65
Total land taxes: RUB 1,550.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 557.28
Total revenue: RUB 2,107.88
Large livestock: 735
Small livestock: 360
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
19. Aghadzor [Katnaghbyur]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 56.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 182.50 D
Total land: 248.05 D
Total households: 40
(38 Armenian and 2 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,438.40
Total land taxes: RUB 112.09
Army tax: RUB 3.06 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 73.68
Total revenue: RUB 188.83
Large livestock: 145
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
20. Agarak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 476.00 D
Kishlaks: 787.00 D
Total land: 1,265.00 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,113.58
Total land taxes: RUB 429.05
Army tax: RUB 40.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 21.93
Total revenue: RUB 490.78
Large livestock: 161
Small livestock: 351

107

21. Gyamriz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards/vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 46.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 303.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Kishlaks: 472.00 D
Total land: 839.00 D
Total households: 210
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,660.40
Total land taxes: RUB 337.04
Upkeep of officials: RUB 411.25
Total revenue: RUB 748.29
Large livestock: 630
Small livestock: 5
22. Damagirmaz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 419.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 196.00 D
Kishlaks: 564.00 D
Total land: 1,185.75 D
Total households: 70 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,538.93
Total land taxes: RUB 515.34
Army tax: RUB 94.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 191.14
Total revenue: RUB 800.87
Large livestock: 259
Small livestock: 560
23. Chatkran [Geghashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 70.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields:
1,019.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 26.75 D
Kishlaks: 563.40 D
Total land: 1,694.00 D

108

Part II

Total households: 215
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,564.88
Total land taxes: RUB 926.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 386.15
Total revenue: RUB 1,312.78
Large livestock: 366
Small livestock: 703
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
24. Zar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 14.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields:
1,635.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Kishlaks: 867.00 D
Total land: 2,546.10 D
Total households: 170
(118 Tatar and 52 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,270.70
Total land taxes: RUB 410.75
Army tax: RUB 38.25 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 248.00
Total revenue: RUB 697.00
Large livestock: 546
Small livestock: 1,495
25. Küzajik
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 257.00 D
Kishlaks: 85.00 D
Total land: 354.00 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 937.50
Total land taxes: RUB 73.04
Army tax: RUB 5.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 16.38
Total revenue: RUB 95.03
Large livestock: 58
Small livestock: 136

26. Küllüja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 858.00 D
Kishlaks: 342.00 D
Total land: 1,212.00 D
Total households: 85 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,678.40
Total land taxes: RUB 543.70
Army tax: RUB 153.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 179.63
Total revenue: RUB 876.33
Large livestock: 309
Small livestock: 601
27. Kyamal
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 456.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Kishlaks: 706.00 D
Total land: 1,275.00 D
Total households: 100 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,169.20
Total land taxes: RUB 168.99
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.44
Total revenue: RUB 366.50
Large livestock: 433
Small livestock: 281
Units of water used for
irrigation: 1¾
28. Mangüs
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 719.00 D
Kishlaks: 102.00 D
Total land: 826.10 D
Total households: 90 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,044.79
Total land taxes: RUB 618.07
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 84.60

Table I
Total revenue: RUB 763.87
Large livestock: 221
Small livestock: 253
29. Voghjaberd
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.10 D
Orchards: 0.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 253.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.00 D
Kishlaks: 159.00 D
Total land: 423.20 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,025.10
Total land taxes: RUB 79.87
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 40.50
Total revenue: RUB 130.57
Large livestock: 120
Small livestock: 127
30. Tejirabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 80.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 607.40 D
Kishlaks: 187.00 D
Total land: 893.70 D
Total households: 116
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,401.70
Total land taxes: RUB 690.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 344.45
Total revenue: RUB 1,034.96
Large livestock: 436
Small livestock: 312
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
31. Tutiya [Tutjur]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 709.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.10 D
Kishlaks: 125.00 D

109

Total land: 857.10 D
Total households: 115 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,073.35
Total land taxes: RUB 623.88
Army tax: RUB 132.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 182.00
Total revenue: RUB 938.48
Large livestock: 306
Small livestock: 273
Units of water used for irrigation: ¼
32. Bashkend [Akunk]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 87.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 700.00 D
Kishlaks: 368.35 D
Total land: 1,183.00 D
Total households: 140
(139 Armenian and 1 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,716.67
Total land taxes: RUB 754.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 344.16
Total revenue: RUB 1,098.62
Large livestock: 526
Small livestock: 1,421
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
Bash-Garni Commune
33. Bash-Garni
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Orchards: 9.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 130.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 918.50 D
Kishlaks: 1,410.15 D
Total useful land: 2,490.00 D
Total households: 250
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,257.18
Total land taxes: RUB 1,067.14

110

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 690.20
Total revenue: RUB 1,757.34
Large livestock: 1,121
Small livestock: 1,580
34. Alikrıkh [Astghadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 378.50 D
Kishlaks: 361.25 D
Total land: 744.75 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,675.97
Total land taxes: RUB 340.21
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.95
Total revenue: RUB 416.87
Large livestock: 181
Small livestock: 317
35. Alimardan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 112.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 110.00 D
Kishlaks: 368.00 D
Total land: 592.50 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,459.57
Total land taxes: RUB 296.28
Army tax: RUB 12.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 25.45
Total revenue: RUB 333.97
Large livestock: 108
Small livestock: 295
36. Hand
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 221.00 D
Kishlaks: 431.00 D
Total land: 651.50 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 993.79

Total land taxes: RUB 201.63
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 47.45
Total revenue: RUB 272.13
Large livestock: 154
Small livestock: 334
37. Artiz [Geghard]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 51.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 407.00 D
Kishlaks: 646.00 D
Total land: 1,106.00 D
Total households: 70 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,232.14
Total land taxes: RUB 453.16
Army tax: RUB 48.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 97.70
Total revenue: RUB 599.82
Large livestock: 245
Small livestock: 380
38. Bayburd
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 21.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 303.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.30 D
Kishlaks: 369.50 D
Total land: 730.30 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,768.60
Total land taxes: RUB 359.01
Army tax: RUB 58.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 92.50
Total revenue: RUB 510.16
Large livestock: 172
Small livestock: 605
Units of water used for irrigation:
5⅖
39. Büyük Gilanar [Mets Gilanar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D

Table I
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 180.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.25 D
Kishlaks: 729.00 D
Total land: 931.00 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,531.55
Total land taxes: RUB 310.89
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 77.50
Total revenue: RUB 418.99
Large livestock: 120
Small livestock: 153
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅔
40. Boz-Kösa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 316.50 D
Kishlaks: 210.00 D
Total: 529.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,363.95
Total land taxes: RUB 276.88
Army tax: RUB 24.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 49.20
Total revenue: RUB 350.56
Large livestock: 84
Small livestock: 92
41. Armenian Upper Goght
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 172.00 D
Kishlaks: 266.00 D
Total land: 453.00 D
Total households: 45
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 722.20
Total land taxes: RUB 74.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 75.45
Total revenue: RUB 149.63
Large livestock: 256
Small livestock: 350

111

42. Tatar Lower Goght
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 18.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 90.00 D
Kishlaks: 112.00 D
Total land: 223.25 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 600.40
Total land taxes: RUB 121.87
Army tax: RUB 17.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 23.45
Total revenue: RUB 163.17
Large livestock: 113
Small livestock: 121
43. Ellija
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 262.00 D
Kishlaks: 571.00 D
Total land: 850.00 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,377.04
Total land taxes: RUB 279.52
Army tax: RUB 35.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 75.53
Total revenue: RUB 390.24
Large livestock: 219
Small livestock: 491
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅙
44. Imirzik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.25.00 D
Orchards: 2.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 60.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 278.50 D
Kishlaks: 285.00 D
Total land: 628.50 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,795.32
Total land taxes: RUB 364.43

112

Part II

Army tax: RUB 33.66
Upkeep of officials: RUB 80.37
Total revenue: RUB 478.46
Large livestock: 344
Small livestock: 490
Units of water used for
irrigation: ⅙
45. Kaladibi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 13.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 254.50 D
Kishlaks: 581.00 D
Total: 854.75 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,272.56
Total land taxes: RUB 258.33
Army tax: RUB 33.66
Upkeep of officials: RUB 80.36
Total revenue: RUB 372.35
Large livestock: 215
Small livestock: 323
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅓
46. Kash-Avdalar [Hatsavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 195.75 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.00 D
Kishlaks: 428.50 D
Total land: 654.25 D
Total households: 115 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,047.69
Total land taxes: RUB 212.68
Army tax: RUB 16.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 33.45
Total revenue: RUB 262.96
Large livestock: 164
Small livestock: 278
47. Assyrian Göl
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D

Unirrigated plowed fields: 878.75 D
Kishlaks: 473.00 D
Total land: 1,366.75 D
Total households: 73
(45 Tatar and 28 Assyrian)
Total income: RUB 3,821.37
Total land taxes: RUB 775.72
Army tax: RUB 65.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 220.20
Total revenue: RUB 1,061.61
Large livestock: 698
Small livestock: 1,018
48. Kiarpichlu [Geghadir]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 315.25 D
Kishlaks: 484.75 D
Total land: 804.23 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,436.92
Total land taxes: RUB 291.68
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 68.45
Total revenue: RUB 389.20
Large livestock: 169
Small livestock: 484
49. Kichik-Gilanar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 314.50 D
Kishlaks: 447.00 D
Total land: 778.50 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,469.58
Total land taxes: RUB 298.31
Army tax: RUB 26.01
Upkeep of officials: RUB 78.38
Total revenue: RUB 402.70
Large livestock: 187
Small livestock: 378
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅔

Table I

113

50. Kötuz [Ortadzor]

53. Khosrov

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 299.00 D
Kishlaks: 789.00 D
Total land: 1,089.50 D
Total households: 34 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,369.41
Total land taxes: RUB 277.97
Army tax: RUB 11.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 72.80
Total revenue: RUB 361.99
Large livestock: 249
Small livestock: 930

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 158.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,044.00 D
Total land: 1,221.50 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 934.71
Total land taxes: RUB 189.73
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 70.97
Total revenue: RUB 289.77
Large livestock: 251
Small livestock: 371

51. Kurbagalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 476.00 D
Kishlaks: 746.00 D
Total land: 1,225.75 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,588.45
Total land taxes: RUB 322.45
Army tax: RUB 45.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 60.45
Total revenue: RUB 428.80
Large livestock: 242
Small livestock: 750
52. Changli [Changel]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 208.00 D
Kishlaks: 538.00 D
Total land: 751.50 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,100.29
Total land taxes: RUB 223.36
Army tax: RUB 7.14
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.95
Total revenue: RUB 270.45
Large livestock: 80
Small livestock: 217

54. Yeranos
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 307.00 D
Kishlaks: 481.50 D
Total land: 790.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,359.96
Total land taxes: RUB 276.07
Army tax: RUB 32.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 77.00
Total revenue: RUB 385.20
Large livestock: 195
Small livestock: 276
55. Tarakyamalar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 49.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.50 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 455.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 435.60
Total land taxes: RUB 88.42
Army tax: RUB 9.18

114

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 16.50
Total revenue: RUB 114.10
Large livestock: 31
Small livestock: 62
56. Kerpi-(Körpü) Kulakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 286.00 D
Kishlaks: 339.50 D
Total land: 641.25 D
Total households: 50 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,357.70
Total land taxes: RUB 275.61
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 90.19
Total revenue: RUB 405.58
Large livestock: 291
Small livestock: 489

The inhabitants of six other villages
(numbers 57–62) had joined other
communes. Five belonged to the
treasury: Nirlu paid 49.05.GarunBuran 22 rubles in dues; Bitlija,
Shor-Bulagh and Tez-Kharab paid
nothing. The ownership of the
village of Avdallar was private, and
it also paid nothing.

Second Police Prefecture
Imanshalu Commune
63. Sarajalar (Upper)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 11.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 54.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 129.00 D
Kishlaks: 31.75 D
Total land: 229.50 D

Total households: 64 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,608.85
Total land taxes: RUB 203.28
Army tax: RUB 107.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 257.00
Total revenue: RUB 567.38
Large livestock: 502
Small livestock: 160
64. Ilkhi-Korugi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 107.00 D
Kishlaks: 114.00 D
Total land: 229.25 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 582.55
Total land taxes: RUB 118.27
Army tax: RUB 76.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 123.75
Total revenue: RUB 318.52
Large livestock: 1,724
Small livestock: 2,850
65. Jabachalu [Jrahovit]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Orchards: 24.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 137.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 12.70 D
Kishlaks: 37.00 D
Total land: 211.95 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,968.15
Total land taxes: RUB 387.19
Army tax: RUB 79.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 311.99
Total revenue: RUB 778.74
Large livestock: 141
Small livestock: 150
Units of water used for
irrigation: 1½
66. Karadaghlu [Mrgavet]
Ownership: Private

Table I
Inhabited space: 0.875.00 D
Orchards: 4.59 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 44.72 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.12 D
Kishlaks: 13.62 D
Total land: 64.92 D
Total households: 62 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,404.34
Total land taxes: RUB 109.40
Army tax: RUB 68.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 462.95
Total revenue: RUB 641.20
Large livestock: 388
Units of water used for
irrigation: 2½
67. Abilkend [Noramarg]5
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.25.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 74.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 72.00 D
Kishlaks: 28.00 D
Total land: 177.50 D
Total households: 34 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,705.10
Total land taxes: RUB 346.12
Army tax: RUB 52.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.88
Total revenue: RUB 567.20
Large livestock: 219
Small livestock: 251
68. Alpava (Nshavan)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.60 D
Orchards: 3.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.75 D
Kishlaks: 17.00 D
Total land: 71.50 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,447.95
Total land taxes: RUB 112.89
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 152.99

115

Total revenue: RUB 305.66
Large livestock: 108
Small livestock: 36
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
69. Bughamlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards: 18.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 148.00 D
Kishlaks: 91.00 D
Total land: 261.75 D
Total households: 73 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,855.29
Total land taxes: RUB 600.10
Army tax: RUB 186.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 171.68
Total revenue: RUB 957.93
Large livestock: 225
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
70. Kharatlu [Arevabyur]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.55 D
Orchards: 1.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 32.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.45 D
Kishlaks: 35.30 D
Total land: 71.50 D
Total households: 62 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 937.46
Total land taxes: RUB 73.05
Army tax: RUB 82.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 319.22
Total revenue: RUB 474.89
Large livestock: 172
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
71. Rehanlu [Aygavan]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 45.15 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 19.00 D
Kishlaks: 238.30 D
Total land: 306.75 D

116

Part II

Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,298.85
Total land taxes: RUB 95.32
Army tax: RUB 85.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 180.80
Total revenue: RUB 361.80
Large livestock: 229
72. Karatapa [Mrgashat]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 29.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.60 D
Kishlaks: 20.10 D
Total land: 65.00 D
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 808.12
Total land taxes: RUB 62.99
Army tax: RUB 9.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 34.47
Total revenue: RUB 106.64
Large livestock: 25
73. Seyidkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 99.30 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 120.30 D
Kishlaks: 91.60 D
Total land: 319.50 D
Total households: 79 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,495.12
Total land taxes: RUB 506.48
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 203.42
Total revenue: RUB 802.70
Large livestock: 489
Small livestock: 300
74. Imanshalu [Mkhchyan]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.10 D

Orchards: 52.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 264.70 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 32.90 D
Kishlaks: 203.40 D
Total land: 576.50 D
Total households: 193
(192 Armenian and 1 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 14,901.48
Total land taxes: RUB 3,025.08
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,216.41
Total revenue: RUB 4,848.14
Large livestock: 520
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
75. Mahmedabad
Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 19.00 D
Total land: 53.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 353.80
Army tax: RUB 12.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 28.60
Total revenue: RUB 40.84
Large livestock: 178
Small livestock: 100
76. Aghamazalu [Marmarashen]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.50 D
Orchards: 38.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 312.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 45.94 D
Kishlaks: 437.00 D
Total land: 838.78 D
Total households: 145
(78 Armenian and 67 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,784.05
Total land taxes: RUB 1,002.74

Table I
Army tax: RUB 163.20
(Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,029.58
Total revenue: RUB 2,195.52
Large livestock: 376
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
77. Upper Sarvanlar [Sis]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 50.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 511.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 504.10 D
Kishlaks: 403.50 D
Total land: 1,473.30 D
Total households: 232 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 15,732.36
Total land taxes: RUB 3,193.55
Army tax: RUB 237.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,032.93
Total revenue: RUB 4,463.63
Large livestock: 625
78. Hasanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.30 D
Orchards: 0.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 84.50 D
Kishlaks: 182.10 D
Total land: 275.10 D
Total households: 49 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,083.32
Total land taxes: RUB 219.90
Army tax: RUB 4.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.00
Total revenue: RUB 288.98
Large livestock: 28
Shirabad Commune
79. Shirabad
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.50 D

117

Orchards: 73.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 242.80 D
Kishlaks: 675.25 D
Total land: 1,003.75 D
Total households: 121
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 15,206.55
Total land taxes: RUB 3,086.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,598.88
Total revenue: RUB 4,685.70
Large livestock: 394
Units of water used for
irrigation: 23
80. Ja`farabad
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.25 D
Orchards: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 94.00 D
Kishlaks: 110.00 D
Total useful land: 216.40 D
Total households: 38
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,429.35
Total land taxes: RUB 663.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 610.53
Total revenue: RUB 1,509.66
Large livestock: 128
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
81. Varmazyar [Arevshat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards: 18.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 87.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 24.00 D
Yaylaks: 16.00 D
Total land: 147.00 D
Total households: 57
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,869.20
Total land taxes: RUB 988.41
Upkeep of officials: RUB 679.52
Total revenue: RUB 1,667.93
Large livestock: 342

118

Part II

Units of water used for irrigation: 6
82. Arbat
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.25 D
Orchards: 1.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 233.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 67.30 D
Total land: 306.65 D
Total households: 112 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,806.25
Total land taxes: RUB 764.29
Army tax: RUB 134.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 622.01
Total revenue: RUB 1,520.94
Large livestock: 387
Units of water used for
irrigation: 10
83. Gök-Kümbet
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 21.60 D
Kishlaks: 7.50 D
Total land: 33.25 D
Total households: 26 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,037.75
Total land taxes: RUB 210.66
Army tax: RUB 68.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 353.57
Total revenue: RUB 633.08
Large livestock: 240
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
84. Khachaparakh [Jahmet]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 263.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.95 D
Kishlaks: 15.00 D
Total land: 282.50 D
Total households: 133 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,564.25
Total land taxes: RUB 823.43
Army tax: RUB 179.01

Upkeep of officials: RUB 453.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,455.94
Large livestock: 216
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
85. Shorlu-Demurchi
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.99 D
Orchards: 0.62 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 272.34 D
Kishlaks: 92.78 D
Total land: 371.73 D
Total households: 243 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,002.42
Total land taxes: RUB 857.46
Army tax: RUB 229.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 717.80
Total revenue: RUB 1,804.76
Large livestock: 169
Units of water used for irrigation: 9
86. Kara-Kishlak
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 209.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.75 D
Total land: 224.50 D
Total households: 110 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,414.65
Total land taxes: RUB 655.78
Army tax: RUB 142.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 456.87
Total revenue: RUB 1,254.94
Large livestock: 176
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
87. Donguzyan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards: 1.65 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 349.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 43.75 D
Kishlaks: 26.75 D
Total land: 424.25 D
Total households: 207 (All Tatar)

Table I
Total income: RUB 14,331.10
Total land taxes: RUB 1,116.91
Army tax: RUB 206.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 544.43
Total revenue: RUB 1,967.89
Large livestock: 93
Units of water used for irrigation: 9
88. Upper Nejilu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 82.00 D
Kishlaks: 90.00 D
Total land: 383.00 D
Total households: 141 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,863.00
Total land taxes: RUB 690.81
Army tax: RUB 151.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 492.32
Total revenue: RUB 1,334.76
Large livestock: 77
Units of water used for irrigation:
15¾ (shared with Lower Nejilu,
no. 89)
89. Lower Nejilu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Orchards: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 367.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 190.00 D
Kishlaks: 90.00 D
Total land: 669.00 D
Total households: 207 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,565.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,290.93
Army tax: RUB 253.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 642.32
Total revenue: RUB 2,187.70
Large livestock: 333
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Upper Nejilu, no. 88)

119

90. Shorlu-Mehmandar
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 382.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 165.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 33.00 D
Kishlaks: 198.25 D
Total land: 643.85 D
Total households: 337 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 15,603.55
Total land taxes: RUB 2,517.38
Army tax: RUB 263.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 603.39
Total revenue: RUB 3,384.93
Large livestock: 413
Units of water used for irrigation:
10 (shared with Iskandarabad, no.
91, and Rahimabad, no. 92)
91. Iskandarabad
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.10 D
Orchards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 31.20 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 46.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 23.40 D
Kishlaks: 58.00 D
Total land: 162.80 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,237.90
Total land taxes: RUB 179.63
Army tax: RUB 4.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 44.73
Total revenue: RUB 228.43
Large livestock: 96
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Shorlu-Mehmandar, no. 90)
92. Rahimabad
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 39.92 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 29.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.60 D

120

Part II

Kishlaks: 67.00 D
Total land: 153.38 D
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,238.70
Total land taxes: RUB 199.82
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 73.99
Total revenue: RUB 281.46
Large livestock: 172
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Shorlu-Mehmandar, no. 90)
93. Kharaba-Sarvanlar [Nor Koghb]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards: 3.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 27.20 D
Total land: 54.65 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,236.50
Total land taxes: RUB 96.37
Army tax: RUB 15.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 41.69
Total revenue: RUB 153.36
Large livestock: 55
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
Noragavit Commune
94. Noragavit
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.75 D
Orchards: 35.81 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 476.20 D
Kishlaks: 275.70 D
Total land: 792.95 D
Total households: 107
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 21,598.05
Total land taxes: RUB 4,384.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,101.06

Total revenue: RUB 6,485.28
Large livestock: 334
Small livestock: 20
Units of water used for
irrigation: 12⅗
95. Shengavit (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.20 D
Orchards: 24.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 163.80 D
Kishlaks: 142.10 D
Total land: 343.26 D
Total households: 37
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,309.22
Total land taxes: RUB 1,686.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 704.94
Total revenue: RUB 2,391.63
Large livestock: 177
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
96. Shengavit (Upper)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards: 30.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 85.60 D
Kishlaks: 21.00 D
Total land: 139.35 D
Total households: 36
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,579.70
Total land taxes: RUB 434.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 427.61
Total revenue: RUB 862.45
Large livestock: 60
Units of water used for i
rrigation: 4½
97. Charbakh (Cheharbagh)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards: 10.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 202.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 59.00 D

Table I
Kishlaks: 201.00 D
Total land: 482.25 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,252.70
Total land taxes: RUB 721.02
Army tax: RUB 130.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 492.49
Total revenue: RUB 1,343.56
Large livestock: 123
Small livestock: 4
Units of water used for
irrigation: 11
98. Tazakend6 [Tavshut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards: 71.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 766.71 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 634.00 D
Total land: 1,506.21 D
Total households: 195
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 36,271.20
Total land taxes: RUB 7,362.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,354.13
Total revenue: RUB 8,716.88
Large livestock: 426
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for
irrigation: 14¾
99. Kyalaley
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 112.00 D
Kishlaks: 34.00 D
Total land: 152.85 D
Total households: 62
(All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,730.60
Total land taxes: RUB 961.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 405.58
Total revenue: RUB 1,365.86
Large livestock: 128

121

Small livestock: 11
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
100. Aghcha-Kishlak
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.40 D
Orchards: 6.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 98.75 D
Kishlaks: 43.00 D
Total land: 150.45 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,406.80
Total land taxes: RUB 343.43
Army tax: RUB 66.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 308.09
Total revenue: RUB 717.82
Large livestock: 193
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
101. Haji Elyas
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.40 D
Orchards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 400.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Kishlaks: 63.00 D
Total land: 515.10 D
Total households: 162 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,972.80
Total land taxes: RUB 3,445.35
Army tax: RUB 372.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,035.49
Total revenue: RUB 4,853.14
Large livestock: 376
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
102. Ulukhanlu [Masis]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 31.00 D
Orchards: 0.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 819.70 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 173.60 D
Kishlaks: 396.00 D
Total land: 1,421.50 D
Total households: 499 (All Tatar)

122

Part II

Total income: RUB 33,912.20
Total land taxes: RUB 6,883.90
Army tax: RUB 1,193.53
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,813
Total revenue: RUB 10,890.43
Large livestock: 956
Units of water used for irrigation:
18½
103. Engija
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.25 D
Orchards: 0.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.50 D
Kishlaks: 5.50 D
Total land: 23.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 279.35
Total land taxes: RUB 56.70
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 82.16
Total revenue: RUB 161.81
Large livestock: 15
Small livestock: 3
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
104. Mukhtarabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 52.00 D
Kishlaks: 44.00 D
Total land: 104.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 376.80
Total land taxes: RUB 76.48
Army tax: RUB 15.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 18.91
Total revenue: RUB 110.63
Large livestock: 73
Small livestock: 42
105. Kulijan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D

Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Kishlaks: 10.00 D
Total land: 54.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 314.00
Total land taxes: RUB 63.74
Army tax: RUB 17.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 45.22
Total revenue: RUB 126.74
Large livestock: 80
Small livestock: 1
106. New Engija (abandoned)

Third Police Prefecture
Köylasar Commune
107. Kara-Hamzalu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.75 D
Orchards: 63.55 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 144.60 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.60 D
Kishlaks: 65.35 D
Total land: 279.75 D
Total households: 160 (100 Armenian and 60 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,354.82
Total land taxes: RUB 807.00
Army tax: RUB 61.20 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,314.64
Total revenue: RUB 2,182.84
Large livestock: 158
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
108. Tamamlu [Burastan]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.05 D
Orchards: 39.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 143.65 D
Kishlaks: 91.85 D
Total land: 280.25 D

Table I
Total households: 82 (80 Armenian
and 2 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,652.52
Total land taxes: RUB 906.04
Army tax: RUB 4.59 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 522.10
Total revenue: RUB 1,432.73
Large livestock: 160
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
109. Chikdamlu [Azatavan]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards: 135.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 165.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.54 D
Kishlaks: 52.55 D
Total land: 365.89 D
Total households: 243 (218 Armenian and 25 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,380.21
Total land taxes: RUB 1,277.91
Army tax: RUB 45.90 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,722.23
Total revenue: RUB 3,064.40
Large livestock: 385
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
110. Köylasar (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.34 D
Orchards: 72.03 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 180.53 D
Kishlaks: 69.25 D
Total land: 326.15 D
Total households: 133 (102 Assyrian
and 31 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,290.17
Total land taxes: RUB 1,514.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,074.97

123

Total revenue: RUB 2,589.80
Large livestock: 314
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
111. Ipaklu [Darakert]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards: 1.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 74.00 D
Kishlaks: 50.00 D
Total land: 129.50 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,006.50
Total land taxes: RUB 179.59
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 280.48
Total revenue: RUB 521.27
Large livestock: 47
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
112. Köylasar (Upper) [Dimitrov]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards: 18.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 71.10 D
Kishlaks: 10.30 D
Total land: 107.70 D
Total households: 35 (33 Armenian
and 2 Assyrian)
Total income: RUB 3,086.56
Total land taxes: RUB 433.48
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 373.88
Total revenue: RUB 815.1 kopek
Large livestock: 103
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
113. Sabunchi
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 16.30 D
Orchards: 8.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 520.30 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 180.70 D
Kishlaks: 292.00 D
Total land: 913.40 D

124

Part II

Total households: 204 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 14,629.70
Total land taxes: RUB 1,819.76
Army tax: RUB 93.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,472.63
Total revenue: RUB 3,386.22
Large livestock: 679
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
114. Chinakhanlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards: 44.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 111.45 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 114.75 D
Kishlaks: 64.55 D
Total land: 341.00 D
Total households: 107 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,439.66
Total land taxes: RUB 501.85
Army tax: RUB 156.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 671.95
Total revenue: RUB 1,329.86
Large livestock: 329
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
115. Yamanjalu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 71.85 D
Kishlaks: 31.25 D
Total land: 113.00 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,216.50
Total land taxes: RUB 172.83
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 427.52
Total revenue: RUB 661.55
Large livestock: 109
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
116. Kara-koyunlu
Ownership: Treasury

Inhabited space: 3.40 D
Orchards: 12.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 130.00 D
Kishlaks: 27.76 D
Total land: 178.60 D
Total households: 67 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,239.75
Total land taxes: RUB 860.64
Army tax: RUB 153.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 611.96
Total revenue: RUB 1,625.60
Large livestock: 207
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
117. Bashnalu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.50 D
Orchards: 112.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 128.20 D
Kishlaks: 39.95 D
Total land: 287.75 D
Total households: 142 (132
Armenian and 10 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 13,193.49
Total land taxes: RUB 1,028.33
Army tax: RUB 15.30 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 896.44
Total revenue: RUB 1,940.70
Large livestock: 210
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
118. Tokhanshalu [Masis]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards: 43.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 125.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 56.00 D
Kishlaks: 88.00 D
Total land: 319.50 D
Total households: 110 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,566.10
Total land taxes: RUB 667.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,220.80

Table I

125

Total revenue: RUB 1,888.56
Large livestock: 269
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½

121. Oghurbeglu

Oghurbeglu Commune

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards: 112.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 116.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.30 D
Kishlaks: 7.00 D
Total land: 241.65 D
Total households: 104 (88 Armenian
and 16 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,611.90
Total land taxes: RUB 1,316.16
Army tax: RUB 27.54 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 768.72
Total revenue: RUB 2,112.42
Large livestock: 152
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

119. Nowruzlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 14.20 D
Orchards: 232.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 346.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 128.90 D
Kishlaks: 11.00 D
Total land: 746.15 D
Total households: 245 (229
Armenian and 16 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 31,525.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,039.93
Army tax: RUB 26.01 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,777.83
Total revenue: RUB 4,843.77
Large livestock: 693
Units of water used for irrigation:
5½
120. Büyük Dalular
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.20 D
Orchards: 133.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 94.90 D
Total land: 235.30 D
Total households: 118 (98 Armenian
and 20 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 13,175.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,103.39
Army tax: RUB 19.89 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,032.34
Total revenue: RUB 2,155.62
Large livestock: 166
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

122. Gödaklu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.15 D
Orchards: 180.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 48.95 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.80 D
Kishlaks: 16.75 D
Total land: 251.30 D
Total households: 97 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,667.35
Total land taxes: RUB 1,195.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 875.92
Total revenue: RUB 2,071.50
Large livestock: 195
Small livestock: 36
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
123. Dokhkuz
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Orchards: 58.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 109.75 D

126

Part II

Kishlaks: 1.25 D
Total land: 188.75 D
Total households: 91 (59 Armenian
and 32 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,241.25
Total land taxes: RUB 1,634.90
Army tax: RUB 63.75 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 632.55
Total revenue: RUB 2,331.20
Large livestock: 122
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
124. Kafarlu (Qafarlu)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 51.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 114.00 D
Kishlaks: 13.00 D
Total land: 181.30 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,748.60
Total land taxes: RUB 136.24
Army tax: RUB 131.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 523.40
Total revenue: RUB 791.40
Large livestock: 164
125. [Old] Nowruzlu (abandoned)
Assyrian Dvin Commune
126. Zohrablu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.60 D
Orchards: 36.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 95.25 D
Kishlaks: 33.00 D
Total land: 171.60 D
Total households: 46 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,638.90
Total land taxes: RUB 793.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 307.71
Total revenue: RUB 1,095.30
Large livestock: 155

Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
127. Mehrablu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Orchards: 17.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 49.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.40 D
Kishlaks: 22.80 D
Total land: 85.95 D
Total households: 22 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,975.21
Total land taxes: RUB 231.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 343.20
Total revenue: RUB 575.80
Large livestock: 71
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
128. Kırk-Bzovand
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 51.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 68.55 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Kishlaks: 52.15 D
Total land: 188.00 D
Total households: 55 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,497.68
Total land taxes: RUB 712.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 321.28
Total revenue: RUB 1,033.83
Large livestock: 95
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
129. Aghja-Kishlak [Getamez]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 112.50 D
Total land: 142.30 D
Total households: 49 (All
Armenian)

Table I
Total income: RUB 2,776.80
Total land taxes: RUB 563.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 268.12
Total revenue: RUB 831.79
Large livestock: 164
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
130. Agbash (Upper) [Arevshat]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.85 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 105.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.90 D
Kishlaks: 513.55 D
Total land: 635.30 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,102.21
Total land taxes: RUB 163.83
Army tax: RUB 32.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.91
Total revenue: RUB 382.82
Large livestock: 153
Small livestock: 439
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
131. Aghbash (Lower) [Arevshat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.80 D
Orchards and vineyards: 46.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 320.80 D
Kishlaks: 416.60 D
Total land: 810.35 D
Total households: 128 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 17,181.22
Total land taxes: RUB 3,487.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 772.97
Total revenue: RUB 4,260.62
Large livestock: 275
Small livestock: 14
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
132. Toprakh-Kala
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.50 D

127

Orchards and vineyards: 38.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 95.70 D
Kishlaks: 11.20 D
Total land: 149.60 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,572.74
Total land taxes: RUB 512.16
Army tax: RUB 74.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 317.62
Total revenue: RUB 904.75
Large livestock: 191
Small livestock: 46
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
133. Chatmadash (Chatma-dagh)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 113.40 D
Kishlaks: 1,677.75 D
Total land: 1,795.95 D
Total households: 8 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 753.15
Total land taxes: RUB 152.88
Army tax: RUB 9.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 60.32
Total revenue: RUB 222.38
Large livestock: 157
Small livestock: 230
134. Kharaba-Ketanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 220.50 D
Kishlaks: 798.15 D
Total land: 1,021.50 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 838.53
Total land taxes: RUB 169.91
Army tax: RUB 21.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 112.08
Total revenue: RUB 303.71
Large livestock: 111
Small livestock: 142

128

Part II

135. Yappa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 144.30 D
Kishlaks: 396.25 D
Total land: 541.80 D
Total households: 7 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 408.04
Total land taxes: RUB 82.82
Army tax: RUB 3.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.46
Total revenue: RUB 125.85
Large livestock: 25
Small livestock: 15
136. Seid-Ketanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 295.75 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.30 D
Kishlaks: 420.00 D
Total land: 703.80 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,131.75
Total land taxes: RUB 229.73
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 92.06
Total revenue: RUB 352.39
Large livestock: 174
Small livestock: 149
137. Shugaib
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 3.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 272.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Kishlaks: 726.00 D
Total land: 1,008.60 D
Total households: 15 (All Tatar)

Total income: RUB 1,048.90
Total land taxes: RUB 212.92
Army tax: RUB 6.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 66.56
Total revenue: RUB 286.11
Large livestock: 195
Small livestock: 122
138. Shirran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 135.80 D
Total land: 141.75 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 475.90
Total land taxes: RUB 96.91
Army tax: RUB 26.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 59.86
Total revenue: RUB 182.81
Large livestock: 126
Small livestock: 90
139. Molla-Ahmad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 138.90 D
Kishlaks: 436.00 D
Total land: 578.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 541.90
Total land taxes: RUB 110.00
Army tax: RUB 9.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 26.10
Total revenue: RUB 145.28
Large livestock: 55
Small livestock: 70
140. Mehrab Tapabash
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 33.35 D

Table I
Kishlaks: 23.00 D
Total land: 76.90 D
Total households: 37 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,696.85
Total land taxes: RUB 210.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 202.63
Total revenue: RUB 412.74
Large livestock: 93
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
141. Dvin Kürdkend
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.86 D
Orchards and vineyards: 90.32 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 222.80 D
Kishlaks: 0.40 D
Total land: 317.43 D
Total households: 102 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 15,295.56
Total land taxes: RUB 1,578.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 639.84
Total revenue: RUB 2,218.00
Large livestock: 230
Small livestock: 33
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
142. Armenian Dvin
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 104.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 226.50 D
Kishlaks: 260.50 D
Total land: 498.00 D
Total households: 147 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 26,610.60
Total land taxes: RUB 3,488.94
Upkeep of officials: RUB 949.31
Total revenue: RUB 1,511.25
Large livestock: 136

129

Small livestock: 2
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
143. Assyrian Dvin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.60 D
Orchards and vineyards: 74.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 160.02 D
Kishlaks: 13.00 D
Total land: 250.00 D
Total households: 121 (All
Assyrian)
Total income: RUB 11,616.29
Total land taxes: RUB 2,357.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 659.94
Total revenue: RUB 3,017.93
Large livestock: 249
Small livestock: 141
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
144. Ardashar (Artashat)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 137.70 D
Kishlaks: 52.00 D
Total land: 548.30 D
Total households: 234 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 23,348.62
Total land taxes: RUB 4,739.58
Army tax: RUB 20.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,289.13
Total revenue: RUB 6,038.91
Large livestock: 261
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
145. Jannatlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 69.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 190.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 4.70 D

130

Part II

Kishlaks: 917.00 D
Total land: 1,190.85 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,062.65
Total land taxes: RUB 418.70
Army tax: RUB 76.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 221.79
Total revenue: RUB 716.99
Large livestock: 155
Small livestock: 169
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
146. Mehrab Kürdkend [Norashen]
Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 94.70 D
Kishlaks: 0.80 D
Total land: 143.00 D
Total households: 48 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,021.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 325.90
Total revenue: RUB 325.90
Large livestock: 74
Small livestock: 48
147. Masumlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 234.70 D
Kishlaks: 2.25 D
Total land: 264.45 D
Total households: 61 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,392.70
Total land taxes: RUB 633.09
Army tax: RUB 102.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 306.51
Total revenue: RUB 1,042.11
Large livestock: 254
Small livestock: 309
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½

148. Shuturkend
Ownership: Treasury
Total households: 52 (All Kurdish)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 95.70
Total revenue: RUB 95.70
Large livestock: 98
149. Kahriz (Abandoned)
Qamarlu Commune
150. Qamarlu (Upper)
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 8.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 133.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 72.20 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.15 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.05 D
Kishlaks: 30.40 D
Total land: 251.25 D
Total households: 159 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,422.47
Total land taxes: RUB 1,395.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,393.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,788.25
Large livestock: 241
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
151. Qamarlu (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.97 D
Orchards and vineyards: 77.52 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 158.39 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 97.00 D
Kishlaks: 77.40 D
Total land: 346.49 D
Total households: 157 (All
Armenian)

Table I
Total income: RUB 8,940.47
Total land taxes: RUB 1,395.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,774.18
Total revenue: RUB 3,163.19
Large livestock: 253
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
152. Tatar Qamarlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 9.40 D
Orchards and vineyards: 23.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 174.70 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 23.60 D
Kishlaks: 37.50 D
Total land: 271.40 D
Total households: 151 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,940.47
Total land taxes: RUB 1,005.87
Army tax: RUB 252.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,553.89
Total revenue: RUB 2,812.21
Large livestock: 172
Small livestock: 70
153. Bekjigazlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 208.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 129.70 D
Kishlaks: 16.00 D
Total land: 230.00 D
Total households: 258 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,581.20
Total land taxes: RUB 3,033.31
Army tax: RUB 5.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,690.58
Total revenue: RUB 5,228.99
Large livestock: 207
Small livestock: 33
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
154. Ayaslu [Lernamerz]
Ownership: Private

131

Inhabited space: 1.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 69.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 189.15 D
Kishlaks: 13.00 D
Total land: 275.20 D
Total households: 130 (125
Armenian and 5 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,552.35
Total land taxes: RUB 978.32
Army tax: RUB 13.77 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,470.53
Total revenue: RUB 3,462.62
Large livestock: 157
Small livestock: 8
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
155. Gholam-`Ali Bzovand
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 70.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 91.10 D
Kishlaks: 13.00 D
Total land: 181.00 D
Total households: 99 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,680.10
Total land taxes: RUB 1,761.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 890.51
Total revenue: RUB 2,652.49
Large livestock: 112
Small livestock: 70
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
156. Akhund-Bzovand
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 13.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 70.70 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.25 D
Total land: 89.15 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,823.55
Total land taxes: RUB 298.05
Army tax: RUB 67.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 498.47

132

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 363.84
Large livestock: 151
Small livestock: 50
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
157–158. Dargalu (Upper and
Lower)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 17.65 D
Orchards and vineyards: 107.45 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 395.70 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 219.50 D
Kishlaks: 318.75 D
Total land: 1,060.55 D
Total households: 271 (166
Armenian and 5 Tatar in Upper
Dargalu)
Total income: RUB 25,297.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,971.49
Army tax: RUB 7.65 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2008.74
Total revenue: RUB 3,987.88
Large livestock: 760
Small livestock: 125
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
159. Iuva
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 73.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 326.70 D
Kishlaks: 261.73 D
Total land: 672.13 D
Total households: 397 (395 Armenian and 2 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 18,356.44
Total land taxes: RUB 1,430.59
Army tax: RUB 44.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,748.59
Total revenue: RUB 3,225.55
Large livestock: 586
Small livestock: 188
Units of water used for irrigation:
5½

160. Karachorlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 77.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 310.90 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 10.40 D
Kishlaks: 261.72 D
Total land: 670.92 D
Total households: 265 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 18,095.94
Total land taxes: RUB 1,410.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,659.33
Total revenue: RUB 3,069.60
Large livestock: 426
Small livestock: 2717

Fourth Police Prefecture
Sadarak Commune
161. Sadarak
RESIDENCE OF COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 45.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 13.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2,797.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 11.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,159.40 D
Total land: 4,028.90 D
Total households: 495 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 26,867.91
Total land taxes: RUB 5,453.96
Army tax: RUB 746.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 4,285.30
Total revenue: RUB 10,485.90
Large livestock: 1,984
Small livestock: 5,600
162. Yasni
Ownership: Private

Table I
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 157.00 D
Kishlaks: 640.50 D
Total land: 799.00 D
Total households: 12 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,016.60
Total land taxes: RUB 157.22
Army tax: RUB 5.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 29.80
Total revenue: RUB 192.63
Large livestock: 115
Small livestock: 245
163. Kyarki
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 48.50 D
Kishlaks: 440.50 D
Total land: 493.75 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 340.35
Total land taxes: RUB 69.09
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 64.70
Total revenue: RUB 161.33
Large livestock: 185
Small livestock: 370
Vedi-chay Commune
164. Büyük-Vedi
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 62.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,154.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 12.00 D
Total land: 1,286.50 D
Total households: 281 (276 Tatar
and 5 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 20,076.40

133

Total land taxes: RUB 4,075.34
Army tax: RUB 354.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,680.60
Total revenue: RUB 6,110.90
Large livestock: 1,135
Small livestock: 2,300
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
165. Karabaghlar (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 719.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 38.00 D
Kishlaks: 65.20 D
Total land: 867.30 D
Total households: 150 (148 Tatar
and 2 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 11,385.44
Total land taxes: RUB 2,311.14
Army tax: RUB 249.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 639.92
Total revenue: RUB 3,200.96
Large livestock: 709
Small livestock: 3,510
166. Taitan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 217.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.50 D
Total land: 231.45 D
Total households: 31 (30 Tatar and
1 Kurdish male)
Total income: RUB 3,538.75
Total land taxes: RUB 275.77
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 160.22
Total revenue: RUB 466.59
Large livestock: 378
Small livestock: 230
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½

134

Part II

167. Aghasibeglu [Aghaslu]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 39.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.25 D
Kishlaks: 442.00 D
Total land: 489.50 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 294.15
Total land taxes: RUB 59.71
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 140.19
Total revenue: RUB 227.26
Large livestock: 67
Small livestock: 120
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¾
168. Engija
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 273.00 D
Kishlaks: 7.00 D
Total land: 293.50 D
Total households: 40 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,534.65
Total land taxes: RUB 353.36
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 170.10
Total revenue: RUB 561.71
Large livestock: 160
Small livestock: 230
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅙
169. Dakhnaz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 110.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.50 D
Kishlaks: 772.60 D

Total land: 902.20 D
Total households: 20 (16 Tatar and
4 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 597.39
Total land taxes: RUB 121.26
Army tax: RUB 19.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.49
Total revenue: RUB 327.64
Large livestock: 82
Small livestock: 95
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
170. Karabaghlar (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.80 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 94.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 4.00 D
Total useful land: 99.80 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,473.40
Total land taxes: RUB 299.08
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 142.52
Total revenue: RUB 470.67
Large livestock: 113
Small livestock: 140
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
171. Dashlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 106.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Total land: 114.25 D
Total households: 20 (18 Tatar and
2 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,803.75
Total land taxes: RUB 140.54
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 136.76
Total revenue: RUB 287.50
Large livestock: 122

Table I
Small livestock: 135
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
172. Gorovan
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 307.75 D
Kishlaks: 1,273.00 D
Total land: 1,692.50 D
Total households: 50 (48 Tatar and
2 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 6,628.10
Total land taxes: RUB 692.54
Army tax: RUB 104.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 308.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,105.59
Large livestock: 363
Small livestock: 640
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
173. Keshish Dagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 22.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 43.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.80 D
Kishlaks: 579.00 D
Total land: 653.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 570.50
Total land taxes: RUB 115.78
Army tax: RUB 13.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 105.39
Total revenue: RUB 234.97
Large livestock: 58
Small livestock: 90
174. Balluzaga (Abandoned)
Karakhach Commune
175. Biralu
Ownership: Treasury

135

Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.90 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 447.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Kishlaks: 255.35 D
Total land: 719.25 D
Total households: 38 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,158.71
Total land taxes: RUB 438.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 140.20
Total revenue: RUB 578.39
Large livestock: 291
Small livestock: 510
176. Keshish Veran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 30.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 325.40 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 2.60 D
Kishlaks: 367.25 D
Total land: 732.25 D
Total households: 30 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,755.00
Total land taxes: RUB 356.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 180.00
Total revenue: RUB 536.26
Large livestock: 161
Small livestock: 415
177. Kashkha
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 400.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 37.00 D
Kishlaks: 218.45 D
Total land: 663.10 D
Total households: 37 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,932.13
Total land taxes: RUB 392.20

136

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 161.00
Total revenue: RUB 553.20
Large livestock: 239
Small livestock: 410
178. Günnut Ja`farlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 350.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 21.10 D
Kishlaks: 177.40 D
Total land: 549.80 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,419.81
Total land taxes: RUB 313.60
Army tax: RUB 12.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 135.50
Total revenue: RUB 461.85
Large livestock: 200
Small livestock: 590
179. Ja`farlu Günnut
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 350.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 15.50 D
Kishlaks: 330.50 D
Total land: 699.00 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,576.82
Total land taxes: RUB 272.24
Army tax: RUB 17.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 179.50
Total revenue: RUB 516.92
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 250
180. Shaganlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.90 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 193.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 388.80 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 11.25 D
Kishlaks: 1,276.15 D

Total land: 1,881.60 D
Total households: 57 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,049.18
Total land taxes: RUB 821.96
Army tax: RUB 28.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 214.20
Total revenue: RUB 1,064.72
Large livestock: 371
Small livestock: 1,450
181. Chanakhchi (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 27.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 337.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 6.60 D
Kishlaks: 817.25 D
Total land: 1,243.90 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,104.60
Total land taxes: RUB 427.09
Army tax: RUB 107.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 192.20
Total revenue: RUB 726.39
Large livestock: 327
Small livestock: 1,410
182. Chanakhchi (Lower)
[Zangakatun]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 98.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 675.75 D
Kishlaks: 610.75 D
Total land: 1,396.05 D
Total households: 82 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,908.03
Total land taxes: RUB 793.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 449.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,242.79
Large livestock: 674
Small livestock: 2,180

Table I
183. Zanjirlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,317.40
D
Irrigated fodder fields: 37.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,312.85 D
Total land: 2,691.00 D
Total households: 107 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,112.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,240.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 381.30
Total revenue: RUB 1,622.14
Large livestock: 880
Small livestock: 1,350
184. Karakhach
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 77.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 643.20 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 28.80 D
Kishlaks: 796.00 D
Total land: 1,555.75 D
Total households: 63 (33 Tatar and
30 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,629.90
Total land taxes: RUB 736.84
Army tax: RUB 50.49 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 283.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,070.83
Large livestock: 599
Small livestock: 1,298
185. Kadılu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 88.90 D

137

Unirrigated plowed fields: 507.10 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 62.00 D
Kishlaks: 508.10 D
Total land: 1,172.50 D
Total households: 58 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,376.40
Total land taxes: RUB 685.38
Army tax: RUB 82.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 240.70
Total revenue: RUB 1,008.70
Large livestock: 722
Small livestock: 1,480
186. Chivandara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 178.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 50.50 D
Kishlaks: 521.00 D
Total land: 752.00 D
Total households: 14 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,003.59
Total land taxes: RUB 203.71
Army tax: RUB 6.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 80.20
Total revenue: RUB 290.30
Large livestock: 257
Small livestock: 650
Armik Commune
187. Akhis [Zorap]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 73.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 267.00 D
Kishlaks: 748.00 D
Total land: 1,092.50 D
Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,840.10
Total land taxes: RUB 372.52
Army tax: RUB 107.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 162.77
Total revenue: RUB 643.39
Large livestock: 382

138

Part II

Small livestock: 1,825
188. Jirmanis
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 80.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 179.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 37.50 D
Kishlaks: 781.50 D
Total land: 1,084.80 D
Total households: 63 (62 Tatar and
1 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,972.20
Total land taxes: RUB 400.34
Army tax: RUB 155.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 206.62
Total revenue: RUB 762.51
Large livestock: 447
Small livestock: 1,300
189. Jigin Karakoyunlu
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 76.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 140.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 54.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,158.50 D
Total land: 1,444.30 D
Total households: 59 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,177.10
Total land taxes: RUB 441.94
Army tax: RUB 135.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 185.44
Total revenue: RUB 762.53
Large livestock: 268
Small livestock: 820
190. Baghchajik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D

Orchards and vineyards: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 52.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 289.00 D
Kishlaks: 168.00 D
Total land: 516.00 D
Total households: 36 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,693.69
Total land taxes: RUB 343.68
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 141.09
Total revenue: RUB 576.67
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 400
191. Armik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 120.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 290.00 D
Kishlaks: 735.50 D
Total land: 1,161.20 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,652.20
Total land taxes: RUB 538.37
Army tax: RUB 137.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 167.01
Total revenue: RUB 843.80
Large livestock: 266
Small livestock: 1,000
192. Jamush Basan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 18.50 D
Kishlaks: 772.00 D
Total land: 808.50 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 575,90.00
Total land taxes: RUB 116.90
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 49.47
Total revenue: RUB 196.97

Table I
Large livestock: 78
Small livestock: 200
193. Yeranos [Geranis]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 24.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.50 D
Kishlaks: 1,250.00 D
Total land: 1,303.50 D
Total households: 14 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 682.00
Total land taxes: RUB 138.45
Army tax: RUB 21.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 56.60
Total revenue: RUB 216.47
Large livestock: 121
Small livestock: 500
194. Khnut
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 74.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 75.50 D
Kishlaks: 211.00 D
Total land: 362.50 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,279.50
Total land taxes: RUB 236.02
Army tax: RUB 8.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 60.10
Total revenue: RUB 304.79
Large livestock: 61
Small livestock: 119
195. Karatorpakh (also known as
Pnut)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 330.00 D
Kishlaks: 10.00 D
Total land: 354.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)

139

Total income: RUB 1,467.20
Total land taxes: RUB 114.30
Army tax: RUB 12.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 79.67
Total revenue: RUB 206.21
Large livestock: 88
Small livestock: 190
196. Gel-Jagin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 314.00 D
Kishlaks: 620.00 D
Total land: 935.50 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 970.50
Total land taxes: RUB 197.00
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 74.00
Total revenue: RUB 301.60
Large livestock: 197
Small livestock: 820
197. Mangük
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 69.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 122.00 D
Kishlaks: 571.00 D
Total land: 766.70 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,322.30
Total land taxes: RUB 268.41
Army tax: RUB 33.66
Upkeep of officials: RUB 77.15
Total revenue: RUB 379.22
Large livestock: 119
Small livestock: 510
198. Ak-Kilisa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 34.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 16.00 D
Kishlaks: 463.00 D

140

Part II

Total land: 514.00 D
Total households: 14 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 551.60
Total land taxes: RUB 111.98
Army tax: RUB 21.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 58.77
Total revenue: RUB 192.17
Large livestock: 60
Small livestock: 120
199. Zimmi
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 140.50 D
Kishlaks: 676.00 D
Total land: 830.00 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,182.15
Total land taxes: RUB 137.67
Army tax: RUB 45.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 109.02
Total revenue: RUB 292.59
Large livestock: 264
Small livestock: 1,400
200. Küsus
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 26.50 D
Kishlaks: 823.00 D
Total land: 861.75 D
Total households: 17 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 417.60
Total land taxes: RUB 84.77
Army tax: RUB 8.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 102.23
Total revenue: RUB 195.67
Large livestock: 146
Small livestock: 600

Davalu Commune
201. Davalu
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 33.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 193.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,133.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 17.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.50 D
Kishlaks: 1,937.70 D
Total land: 3,318.50 D
Total households: 425 (356
Armenian, 34 Tatar and 35 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 25,372.04
Total land taxes: RUB 4,369.44
Army tax: RUB 153.00 (Muslims
only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,352.50
Total revenue: RUB 5,874.94
Large livestock: 2,065
Small livestock: 4,100
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
202. Avshar/Afshar
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.20 D
Orchards and vineyards: 39.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 662.00 D
Total land: 707.80 D
Total households: 190 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,674.20
Total land taxes: RUB 2,301.27
Army tax: RUB 379.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 410.51
Total revenue: RUB 3,100.73
Large livestock: 1,596
Small livestock: 2,250
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½

Table I
203. Shirazlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 393.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.35 D
Total land: 428.40 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,453.25
Total land taxes: RUB 502.93
Army tax: RUB 17.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 155.50
Total revenue: RUB 676.28
Large livestock: 242
Small livestock: 800
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅝
204. Rehanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 48.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 420.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.60 D
Total land: 477.90 D
Total households: 65 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,035.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,428.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 270.55
Total revenue: RUB 1,698.76
Large livestock: 235
Small livestock: 690
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
205. Karalar
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 302.25 D
Total land: 328.45 D
Total households: 93 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,446.75
Total land taxes: RUB 446.09
Army tax: RUB 104.04

141

Upkeep of officials: RUB 190.70
Total revenue: RUB 740.83
Large livestock: 376
Small livestock: 1,250
Units of water used for irrigation: ⅓
206. Khalisa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 584.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 44.00 D
Kishlaks: 593.30 D
Total land: 1,256.70 D
Total households: 196 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,473.76
Total land taxes: RUB 2,126.09
Army tax: RUB 267.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 631.79
Total revenue: RUB 3,025.63
Large livestock: 510
Small livestock: 1,570
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
207. Shidlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 22.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 620.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 24.00 D
Kishlaks: 328.00 D
Total land: 1,003.20 D
Total households: 151 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,891.10
Total land taxes: RUB 770.90
Army tax: RUB 64.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 464.70
Total revenue: RUB 1,300.37
Large livestock: 700
Small livestock: 1,000
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
208. Al-Mamed
Ownership: Treasury/Private

142

Part II

Inhabited space: 23.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 17.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 906.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 55.00 D
Kishlaks: 93.50 D
Total land: 1,050.00 D
Total households: 139 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,695.70
Total land taxes: RUB 1,642.81
Army tax: RUB 50.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 280.54
Total revenue: RUB 1,973.84
Large livestock: 677
Small livestock: 1,005
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
209. Sarukhanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 139.50 D
Kishlaks: 551.00 D
Total land: 759.00 D
Total households: 55 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,593.70
Total land taxes: RUB 323.51
Army tax: RUB 23.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 152.80
Total revenue: RUB 500.28
Large livestock: 197
210. Sheikhlar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 9.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 777.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 57.00 D
Kishlaks: 166.00 D
Total land: 1,014.50 D
Total households: 131 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,870.70
Total land taxes: RUB 769.20
Army tax: RUB 49.47
Upkeep of officials: RUB 309.10

Total revenue: RUB 1,127.77
Large livestock: 523
Small livestock: 1,267
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
211. Kichik Vedi
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 21.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 11.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,293.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 31.75 D
Kishlaks: 239.00 D
Total land: 1,596.35 D
Total households: 107 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 20,128.65
Total land taxes: RUB 1,568.66
Army tax: RUB 54.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 361.20
Total revenue: RUB 1,983.92
Large livestock: 912
Small livestock: 780
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
212. Jatkran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 254.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Kishlaks: 76.25 D
Total land: 350.50 D
Total households: 66 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,211.30
Total land taxes: RUB 854.85
Army tax: RUB 67.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 301.25
Total revenue: RUB 1,223.42
Large livestock: 403
Small livestock: 997
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾

Table I
Burukin Commune

8

213. Rehanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 159.00 D
Kishlaks: 96.00 D
Total land: 257.00 D
Total households: 40 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 820.20
Total land taxes: RUB 166.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 119.72
Total revenue: RUB 286.16
Large livestock: 317
Small livestock: 670
214. Big Borolan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 424.00 D
Kishlaks: 256.00 D
Total land: 685.00 D
Total households: 70 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 2,186.20
Total land taxes: RUB 443.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 172.28
Total revenue: RUB 616.50
Large livestock: 510
Small livestock: 1,105
215. Small Borolan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.25 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 106.00 D
Kishlaks: 64.00 D
Total land: 171.25 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 546.55
Total land taxes: RUB 110.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 43.12
Total revenue: RUB 154.16
Large livestock: 95
Small livestock: 267

143

216. Kürd-Omar (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 318.00 D
Kishlaks: 192.00 D
Total land: 514.00 D
Total households: 58 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,640.40
Total land taxes: RUB 333.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.17
Total revenue: RUB 478.16
Large livestock: 675
Small livestock: 1,450
217. Kürd Omar (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 212.00 D
Kishlaks: 198.00 D
Total land: 343.00 D
Total households: 46 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,094.60
Total land taxes: RUB 222.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 146.80
Total revenue: RUB 369.10 kopek
Large livestock: 522
Small livestock: 1,650
218. Kürd Omar (Middle)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 212.00 D
Kishlaks: 128.00 D
Total land: 343.00 D
Total households: 55 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,094.60
Total land taxes: RUB 222.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 131.76
Total revenue: RUB 353.94
Large livestock: 387
Small livestock: 875

144

Part II

219. Torun
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 318.00 D
Kishlaks: 192.00 D
Total land: 514.00 D
Total households: 81 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,640.40
Total land taxes: RUB 333.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 203.52
Total revenue: RUB 1536.52
Large livestock: 423
Small livestock: 1,000
220. Azizanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 212.00 D
Kishlaks: 128.00 D
Total land: 343.00 D
Total households: 63 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,094.60
Total land taxes: RUB 222.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 197.68
Total revenue: RUB 419.89
Large livestock: 659
Small livestock: 470
221. Gomik (also known as Banuki)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 53.00 D
Kishlaks: 32.00 D
Total land: 86.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 274.40
Total land taxes: RUB 55.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 24.60
Total revenue: RUB 80.29
Large livestock: 199
Small livestock: 225

222. Sutokülan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 212.00 D
Kishlaks: 128.00 D
Total land: 343.00 D
Total households: 63 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,094.60
Total land taxes: RUB 222.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 133.44
Total revenue: RUB 355.64
Large livestock: 477
Small livestock: 899
223. Gül-Tapa (aka Kutiki)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 212.00 D
Kishlaks: 128.00 D
Total land: 343.00 D
Total households: 69 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,094.60
Total land taxes: RUB 222.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 167.24
Total revenue: RUB 389.44
Large livestock: 443
Small livestock: 337
224. Karasu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 212.00 D
Kishlaks: 128.00 D
Total land: 343.00 D
Total households: 52 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,094.60
Total land taxes: RUB 222.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 105.92
Total revenue: RUB 328.12
Large livestock: 95
Small livestock: 50

Table I

145

225–242
The following settlements were
abandoned or joined one of the
above communes: Yaiji,
Karavansara, Upper Kara-Burun,
Middle Kara-Burun, Lower
Ka-ra-Burun, Yanikh, Gellovan,
Mahmud-kend, Korkhmaz, Kutuki,
Keytach, Kalin-Suffat, Bashiki,
Urmiya, Arazdayan, Esfahan,
Smokend, Safar-`Ali and Afshar.

Key totals for the district (rural areas, 1907)9
Tatars: 9,045 households; 65,149 persons (34,851 male/30,298 female)
Armenians: 7,670 households; 45,329 persons (24,199 male/21,130 female)
Kurds: 5,559 persons
Assyrians: 1,925 persons
Russians: 75 persons10
Greeks: 7 persons
Total population: 118,044 persons

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 Text reads yonjalik – from the Persian yonje (alfalfa/lucerne).
3 The village was originally the toyul of Arsen Pasegh Gegham, in exchange for his
position as the yüzbashi of the Armenians in Yerevan. In time it had turned into a
molk; see Bournoutian, Yerevan, 132.
4 Another village by this name is listed in the Second Prefecture (no. 98).
5 During the Soviet period, the village was called the Sovkhoz (State Collective),
named after Kalinin.
6 Another village with this name is listed in the First Prefecture (no. 16).
7 The village is absent from the 1908 register.
8 The population, all Kurdish nomads, lived in kishlaks located in the Borolan
[Burulan] Peninsula. They had small inhabited space and cultivated solely fodder
fields.
9 For more details, see Chapter III.
10 The Russians belonged to the Molokan and Subbotnik sects who arrived in this
district in the mid-1840s and found the land suitable for growing barley, spelt and
potatoes. See also Chapter III.

Table II – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Echmiadzin District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture
Aytagh Commune
1. Aytagh [Haytagh]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 61.44 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 378.56 D
Yaylaks: 11.00 D
Total land: 468.00 D
Total households: 207 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,917.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,723.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 766.99
Total revenue: RUB 3,760.49

Large livestock: 480
Small livestock: 36
Units of used for irrigation: 2¾
2. Samagar
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 496.50 D
Total land: 554.00 D
Total households: 198 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,238.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,455.21
Upkeep of officials, schools, roads,
canals: RUB 922.16
Total revenue: RUB 2,377.37
Large livestock: 607
Small livestock: 23
Units of water used for irrigation: 3

Table II
3. Armenian Zeyva [Aratashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 24.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 60.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 538.43 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 45.25 D
Yaylaks: 247.20 D
Total land: 915.00 D
Total households: 251 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 24,353.31
Total land taxes: RUB 5,113.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,870.77
Total revenue: RUB 6,984.28
Large livestock: 791
Small livestock: 15
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
4. Körpalu [Arshaluys]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 122.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 515.00 D
Yaylaks: 371.00 D
Total land: 1,033.00 D
Total households: 242 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 22,821.30
Total land taxes: RUB 4,811.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 884.60
Total revenue: RUB 5,696.20
Large livestock: 684
Small livestock: 620
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
5. Tatar Zeyva [Taronik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 265.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 65.00 D
Total land: 344.05 D

147

Total households: 115 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,446.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,202.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 361.10
Army tax: RUB 216.75
Total revenue: RUB 2,780.35
Large livestock: 463
Small livestock: 12
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
6. Lower Aylanlu [Khoronk]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 51.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 370.00 D
Yaylaks: 211.50 D
Total land: 639.50 D
Total households: 108 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,139.45
Total land taxes: RUB 1,136.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 667.41
Total revenue: RUB 1,804.26
Large livestock: 318
Small livestock: 214
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
7. Khiznauz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 36.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 137.00 D
Yaylaks: 17.00 D
Total land: 196.00 D
Total households: 139 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,328.10
Total land taxes: RUB 1,334.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 585.38
Total revenue: RUB 1,919.58
Large livestock: 342
Small livestock: 404
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

148

Part II

8. Aghja-Kala
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 162.10 D
Yaylaks: 21.00 D
Total land: 199.35 D
Total households: 72 (68 Armenian
and 4 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,877.55
Total land taxes: RUB 888.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 287.26
Army tax: RUB 1.53 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 1,177.28
Large livestock: 221
Small livestock: 172
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
9. Kürakyanlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 239.70 D
Yaylaks: 124.80 D
Total land: 369.00 D
Total households: 74 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,556.10
Total land taxes: RUB 520.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 300.27
Army tax: RUB 85.68
Total revenue: RUB 906.28
Large livestock: 445
Small livestock: 423
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
10. Mughanjik [Hovtamej]
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 33.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 127.00 D
Yaylaks: 38.75 D
Total land: 205.00 D
Total households: 109 (All
Armenian)

Total income: RUB 5,845.38
Total land taxes: RUB 547.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 568.77
Total revenue: RUB 1,116.19
Large livestock: 312
Small livestock: 4
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
Vagharshapat Commune
11. Vagharshapat
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Armenian Church
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 50.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 475.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 409.00 D
Yaylaks: 4,231.00 D
Total land: 5,223.00 D
Total households: 629 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 23,444.30
Total land taxes: RUB 0.002
Upkeep of officials: RUB 4,704.55
Total revenue: RUB 4,704.55
Large livestock: 762
Small livestock: 775
Units of water used for irrigation:
13
12. Molla Dursun [Shahumyan]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 13.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 135.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.00 D
Yaylaks: 398.50 D
Total land: 551.50 D
Total households: 49 (28 Armenian
and 21 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,556.56

Table II
Total land taxes: RUB 601.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 241.98
Army tax: RUB 33.66 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 877.38
Large livestock: 98
Small livestock: 58
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
13. Hajilar [Mrgastan]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 22.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 116.50 D
Total land: 139.50 D
Total households: 64 (36 Armenian
and 28 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,675.50
Total land taxes: RUB 437.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 266.20
Army tax: RUB 29.7 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 733.13
Large livestock: 155
Small livestock: 46
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
14. Grampa [Tsiatsan]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 49.34 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 169.05 D
Total land: 220.89 D
Total households: 106 (80 Armenian
and 26 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,180.95
Total land taxes: RUB 861.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 484.11
Army tax: RUB 29.07 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 1,374.54
Large livestock: 185
Small livestock: 88
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
15. Upper Aylanlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private

149

Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 172.40 D
Yaylaks: 69.75 D
Total land: 265.75 D
Total households: 54 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,851.95
Total land taxes: RUB 738.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 387.43
Total revenue: RUB 1,126.15
Large livestock: 105
Small livestock: 55
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
16. Ali-beglu [Artimet]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 44.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 362.00 D
Yaylaks: 99.00 D
Total land: 513.50 D
Total households: 146 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,625.20
Total land taxes: RUB 2,661.87
Upkeep of officials: RUB 853.96
Total revenue: RUB 3,515.83
Large livestock: 227
Small livestock: 96
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
Khatun-Arkh Commune
17. Lower Khatun-Arkh [Aknashen]
RESIDENCE OF COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 61.38 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 413.38 D
Yaylaks: 125.73 D
Total land: 611.00 D

150

Part II

Total households: 255 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 18,172.43
Total land taxes: RUB 3,831.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,380.43
Total revenue: RUB 5,211.85
Large livestock: 262
Small livestock: 150
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
18. Qamarlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.42 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 470.33 D
Yaylaks: 345.00 D
Total land: 825.00 D
Total households: 89 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,206.35
Total land taxes: RUB 1,143.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,362.00
Army tax: RUB 82.62
Total revenue: RUB 3,588.13
Large livestock: 177
Small livestock: 121
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¾
19. Gharabazar [Haykashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 182.00 D
Yaylaks: 82.00 D
Total land: 278.00 D
Total households: 129 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,436.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,357.41
Upkeep of officials: RUB 470.11
Army tax: RUB 226.95
Total revenue: RUB 2,054.47
Large livestock: 64
Small livestock: 19
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½

20. Upper Khatun-Arkh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 182.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 54.52 D
Total land: 269.32 D
Total households: 112 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,399.86
Total land taxes: RUB 1,560.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 571.69
Total revenue: RUB 2,131.86
Large livestock: 138
Small livestock: 60
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
21. Sefiabad [Yeghegnut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.00 D
Yaylaks: 50.00 D
Total land: 68.50 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 608.50
Total land taxes: RUB 128.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 175.12
Army tax: RUB 32.13
Total revenue: RUB 335.54
Large livestock: 56
Small livestock: 38
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
22. Aralykh Koyanlu [Griboyedov]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 348.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 25.00 D
Yaylaks: 189.40 D
Total land: 587.00 D
Total households: 159 (All Tatar)

Table II
Total income: RUB 12,640.82
Total land taxes: RUB 2,665.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 757.71
Army tax: RUB 280.50
Total revenue: RUB 3,703.37
Large livestock: 281
Small livestock: 170
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
Kizil-Tamur Commune
23. Oshakan
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Armenian Church
Orchards and vineyards: 20.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 3,011.00 D
Total land: 3,051.00 D
Total households: 410 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,003.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 880.92
Total revenue: RUB 880.92
Large livestock: 894
Small livestock: 305
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
24. Kızıl-Tamur [Voskevaz]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 13.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 293.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 276.50 D
Total land: 589.00 D
Total households: 271 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 30,858.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,889.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 880.19
Total revenue: RUB 3,770.04
Large livestock: 614
Small livestock: 26
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½

151

25. Tos [Doghs]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 33.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 413.50 D
Total land: 452.50 D
Total households: 117 (83 Tatar and
34 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 11,695.95
Total land taxes: RUB 1,095.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 340.01
Army tax: RUB 79.35 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 1,514.70
Large livestock: 352
Small livestock: 11
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
26. Frankanots
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 342.18 D
Yaylaks: 24.17 D
Total land: 405.54 D
Total households: 125 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,743.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,632.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 398.98
Total revenue: RUB 1,131.56
Large livestock: 298
Small livestock: 38
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¾
27. Aghavnatun
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 55.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 282.58 D
Yaylaks: 22.00 D
Total land: 370.00 D
Total households: 152 (All
Armenian)

152

Part II

Total income: RUB 7,301.56
Total land taxes: RUB 1,539.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 499.98
Total revenue: RUB 2,039.42
Large livestock: 307
Small livestock: 98
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
28. Aramlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.58 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 45.09 D
Yaylaks: 130.00 D
Total land: 191.67 D
Total households: 12 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,523.25
Total land taxes: RUB 142.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 29.95
Army tax: RUB 13.77
Total revenue: RUB 183.36
Large livestock: 64
Small livestock: 67
Units of water used for irrigation: ¼
29. Ayarlu [Lernamerdz]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 20.83 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 202.17 D
Yaylaks: 629.00 D
Total land: 854.00 D
Total households: 70 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,279.68
Total land taxes: RUB 307.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 139.98
Army tax: RUB 74.97
Total revenue: RUB 522.14
Large livestock: 120
Small livestock: 60
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
30. Patrinj [Voskehat]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D

Orchards and vineyards: 33.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 202.60 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Total land: 259.60 D
Total households: 75 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,955.00
Total land taxes: RUB 557.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 176.79
Army tax: RUB 28.56
Total revenue: RUB 763.11
Large livestock: 336
Small livestock: 660
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
31. Haji-Kara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.37 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 89.06 D
Yaylaks: 181.75 D
Total land: 341.78 D
Total households: 73 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,003.33
Total land taxes: RUB 1,476.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.83
Total revenue: RUB 1,645.39
Large livestock: 262
Small livestock: 6
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
Chobankara Commune
32. Chobankara
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 55.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 300.00 D
Yaylaks: 370.00 D
Total land: 725.00 D
Total households: 333 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,276.15

Table II
Total land taxes: RUB 690.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,228.23
Army tax: RUB 787.95
Total revenue: RUB 2,706.89
Large livestock: 3,896
Small livestock: 1,571

Second Police Prefecture
Ashtarak Commune
33. Ashtarak
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 50.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 506.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 37.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 697.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 15.62 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 156.20 D
Yaylaks: 2,505.48 D
Total land: 3,843.00 D
Total households: 720 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 53,802.84
Total land taxes: RUB 11,343.66
Upkeep of officials: RUB 6,863.08
Total revenue: RUB 18,206.74
Large livestock: 1,118
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for irrigation:
11
34. Mughni
Ownership: Armenian Church
Irrigated plowed fields: 74.00 D
Total land: 74.00 D
Total households: 49 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,135.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 348.91

153

Total revenue: RUB 348.91
Large livestock: 183
Small livestock: 32
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
35. Kichikkend
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 18.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 129.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 68.00 D
Yaylaks: 65.50 D
Total land: 283.00 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,130.96
Total land taxes: RUB 260.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 251.45
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Total revenue: RUB 530.48
Large livestock: 81
Small livestock: 128
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
36. Karbi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 20.83 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 458.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 500.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 26.83 D
Yaylaks: 386.00 D
Total land: 1,417.16 D
Total households: 197 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,724.42
Total land taxes: RUB 2,025.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 801.32
Total revenue: RUB 2,851.57
Large livestock: 739
Small livestock: 197
Units of water used for irrigation:
2¾
37. Hovhannavank
Ownership: Treasury

154

Part II

Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 133.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 259.59 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 41.67 D
Yaylaks: 504.00 D
Total land: 961.00 D
Total households: 112 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,946.53
Total land taxes: RUB 832.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 365.37
Total revenue: RUB 1,197.43
Large livestock: 373
Small livestock: 291
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
38. Ushi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 11.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 251.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 398.54 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 62.50 D
Yaylaks: 658.54 D
Total land: 1413.08 D
Total households: 190 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,963.22
Total land taxes: RUB 1,468.81
Upkeep of officials: RUB 737.55
Army tax: RUB 357.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,562.56
Large livestock: 547
Small livestock: 520
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
39. Saghmosavank
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 120.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 169.50 D
Yaylaks: 126.50 D
Total land: 422.25 D

Total households: 40 (24 Tatar and
16 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,043.69
Total land taxes: RUB 247.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 123.09
Army tax: RUB 7.14 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 378.18
Large livestock: 147
Small livestock: 47
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
40. Ilanchalan [Artashavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 126.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 204.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 444.00 D
Total land: 797.00 D
Total households: 106 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,754.17
Total land taxes: RUB 580.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 377.27
Total revenue: RUB 957.96
Large livestock: 439
Small livestock: 47
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
41. Kotur
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 280.20 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 3.12 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.04 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 398.86 D
Total households: 46 (29 Armenian
and 17 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,100.50
Total land taxes: RUB 232.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 231.09
Army tax: RUB 16.83 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 479.94

Table II
Large livestock: 110
Small livestock: 168
Yeghvard Commune
42. Yeghvard
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.93 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 138.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 691.35 D
Yaylaks: 569.43 D
Total land: 1413.96 D
Total households: 226 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,128.82
Total land taxes: RUB 1,503.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,914.35
Total revenue: RUB 3,417.38
Large livestock: 453
Small livestock: 1,714
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
43. Kargavank
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 410.67 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 13.33 D
Yaylaks: 75.00 D
Total land: 502.00 D
Total households: 28 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,396.81
Total land taxes: RUB 294.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.35
Total revenue: RUB 438.85
Large livestock: 35
Small livestock: 82
44. Davra Kharaba
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D

155

Irrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 388.00 D
Yaylaks: 106.00 D
Total land: 500.00 D
Total households: 38 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,261.80
Total land taxes: RUB 266.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 228.41
Total revenue: RUB 494.44
Large livestock: 60
Small livestock: 159
45. Jatkran [Geghashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 815.00 D
Yaylaks: 365.00 D
Total land: 1,194.00 D
Total households: 92 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,681.10
Total land taxes: RUB 565.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 330.39
Army tax: RUB 85.68
Total revenue: RUB 981.34
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 277
46. Shirabad [Parakar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 309.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.00 D
Yaylaks: 174.00 D
Total land: 511.00 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,099.20
Total land taxes: RUB 231.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 159.67
Army tax: RUB 8.67
Total revenue: RUB 400 rubles
Large livestock: 60
Small livestock: 172

156

Part II

47. Argel
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 618.00 D
Yaylaks: 620.00 D
Total land: 1,243.00 D
Total households: 90 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,055.25
Total land taxes: RUB 433.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 403.89
Total revenue: RUB 836.67
Large livestock: 200
Small livestock: 283
48. Kyalasham
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 217.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 265.00 D
Total land: 525.00 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 939.50
Total land taxes: RUB 198.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 227.62
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Total revenue: RUB 463.94
Large livestock: 173
Small livestock: 187
49. Karajoran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 970.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 52.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,245.00 D
Total land: 2,282.00 D
Total households: 148 (83 Armenian
and 65 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,058.50
Total land taxes: RUB 855.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 904.82
Army tax: RUB 59.67 (Tatars only)

Total revenue: RUB 1,820.16
Large livestock: 352
Small livestock: 447
50. Tulinabi [Saralanj]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 500.00 D
Yaylaks: 438.00 D
Total land: 940.00 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,637.40
Total land taxes: RUB 345.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 235.80
Army tax: RUB 55.08
Total revenue: RUB 421.52
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 288
51. Tkhit [Teghenik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 293.33 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,360.00 D
Total land: 1,669.33 D
Total households: 54 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,391.99
Total land taxes: RUB 293.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 154.94
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Total revenue: RUB 491.27
Large livestock: 305
Small livestock: 567
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
52. Y`aghublu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 171.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Total land: 188.00 D
Total households: 36 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 594.00

Table II
Total land taxes: RUB 125.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 94.02
Army tax: RUB 26.62
Total revenue: RUB 245.89
Large livestock: 75
Small livestock: 230
53. Kyalashkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 351.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 61.25 D
Yaylaks: 30.62 D
Total land: 448.12 D
Total households: 73 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,789.19
Total land taxes: RUB 588.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 254.15
Army tax: RUB 62.12
Total revenue: RUB 904.34
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 287
54. Babakishi [Aghavnadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.37 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 271.60 D
Yaylaks: 31.00 D
Total land: 316.97 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 976.74
Total land taxes: RUB 205.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 293.45
Army tax: RUB 104.04
Total revenue: RUB 603.41
Large livestock: 164
Small livestock: 522
55. Kirashlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.67 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 469.33 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 34.67 D
Yaylaks: 266.67 D

157

Total land: 789.34 D
Total households: 129 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,789.35
Total land taxes: RUB 377.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 632.70
Army tax: RUB 169.83
Total revenue: RUB 1,179.79
Large livestock: 310
Small livestock: 522
56. Hamamlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 284.00 D
Yaylaks: 579.00 D
Total land: 867.00 D
Total households: 82 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,037.70
Total land taxes: RUB 218.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 373.72
Army tax: RUB 99.45
Total revenue: RUB 691.96
Large livestock: 155
Small livestock: 439
57. Kürd-Ali
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 323.00 D
Yaylaks: 318.00 D
Total land: 646.00 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,079.40
Total land taxes: RUB 227.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 174.39
Army tax: RUB 5.61
Total revenue: RUB 407.58
Large livestock: 172
Small livestock: 325
58. Kızıl-Kharaba
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.12 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 255.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.08 D

158

Part II

Yaylaks: 40.83 D
Total land: 306.23 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 816.61
Total land taxes: RUB 172.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.30
Total revenue: RUB 211.47
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 204
Bash-Abaran Commune
59. Bash-Abaran
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,264.00
D
Irrigated fodder fields: 250.00 D
Yaylaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 1,926.00 D
Total households: 256 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,448.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,359.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 719.54
Total revenue: RUB 2,079.02
Large livestock: 808
Small livestock: 1,330
60. Ali-Kochak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 600.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 600.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 78.00 D
Total land: 1,290.00 D
Total households: 285 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,969.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,469.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 847.43
Total revenue: RUB 2,316.89

Large livestock: 790
Small livestock: 2,150
Units of water used irrigation: 3
61. Takarlu [Artavaz]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 170.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 196.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 44.00 D
Yaylaks: 130.00 D
Total land: 544.00 D
Total households: 72 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,181.40
Total land taxes: RUB 459.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 224.38
Total revenue: RUB 684.30
Large livestock: 117
Small livestock: 345
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
62. Chamurlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 786.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 70.00 D
Total land: 866.00 D
Total households: 162 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,088.00
Total land taxes: RUB 651.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 328.81
Total revenue: RUB 979.89
Large livestock: 326
Small livestock: 450
63. Gülluja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 822.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 70.00 D
Yaylaks: 135.00 D
Total land: 1,033.00 D

Table II
Total households: 185 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,874.50
Total land taxes: RUB 606.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 511.71
Total revenue: RUB 1,117.77
Large livestock: 576
Small livestock: 380
64. Mulki [Kayk]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 369.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 40.00 D
Total land: 414.50 D
Total households: 92 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,323.50
Total land taxes: RUB 279.04
Upkeep of officials: RUB 273.50
Total revenue: RUB 522.54
Large livestock: 175
Small livestock: 380
65. Karanlugh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 85.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 86.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 68.00 D
Yaylaks: 260.00 D
Total land: 504.00 D
Total households: 90 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,829.50
Total land taxes: RUB 385.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 281.72
Total revenue: RUB 667.44
Large livestock: 93
Small livestock: 750
66. Haji Baqer
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 79.00 D

159

Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 140.00 D
Total land: 351.00 D
Total households: 62 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,191.45
Total land taxes: RUB 251.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.92
Total revenue: RUB 397.13
Large livestock: 125
Small livestock: 458
67. Samo-Darvish
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 242.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 130.00 D
Total land: 406.00 D
Total households: 95 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,077.00
Total land taxes: RUB 227.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 162.47
Total revenue: RUB 389.55
Large livestock: 138
Small livestock: 500
68. Gülablu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 137.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 407.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 13.00 D
Yaylaks: 820.00 D
Total land: 1,382.00 D
Total households: 82 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,566.90
Total land taxes: RUB 541.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 247.23
Total revenue: RUB 788.42
Large livestock: 226
Small livestock: 340

160

Part II

69. Imirlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 189.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 379.00 D
Yaylaks: 134.00 D
Total land: 707.00 D
Total households: 82 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,416.32
Total land taxes: RUB 509.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 293.01
Total revenue: RUB 802.49
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 430
Kara-Kilisa Commune
70. Kara-Kilis
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 360.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 360.00 D
Yaylaks: 156.00 D
Total land: 882.00 D
Total households: 128 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,599.64
Total land taxes: RUB 758.93
Upkeep of officials: RUB 449.54
Total revenue: RUB 1,208.47
Large livestock: 151
Small livestock: 135
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
71. Blkher [Shenavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 240.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 242.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 60.00 D

Yaylaks: 216.00 D
Total land: 765.00 D
Total households: 125 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,007.08
Total land taxes: RUB 634
Upkeep of officials: RUB 266.61
Total revenue: RUB 900.61
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 540
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
72. Ghazanfar [Aragats]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 299.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 597.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 307.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,272.00 D
Total land: 2,484.00 D
Total households: 200 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,803.68
Total land taxes: RUB 1,645.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 609.77
Total revenue: RUB 2,255.08
Large livestock: 282
Small livestock: 560
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
73. Shira-Kala
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 244.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 639.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 213.00 D
Yaylaks: 554.00 D
Total land: 1,654.00 D
Total households: 149 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,913.90
Total land taxes: RUB 1,246.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 355.80
Total revenue: RUB 1,602.66

Table II
Large livestock: 265
Small livestock: 1,032
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
74. Bazarjuk [Ara]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 170.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 321.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 133.00 D
Yaylaks: 229.00 D
Total land: 859.00 D
Total households: 79 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,450.79
Total land taxes: RUB 727.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 285.36
Total revenue: RUB 1,012.91
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 76
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
75. Kalacha [Nigatun]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 312.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 312.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 42.00 D
Yaylaks: 432.00 D
Total land: 1,100 D
Total households: 81 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,702.96
Total land taxes: RUB 780.73
Upkeep of officials: RUB 176.53
Total revenue: RUB 957.26
Large livestock: 68
Small livestock: 73
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
76. Apnakegh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 340.00 D

161

Unirrigated plowed fields: 345.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 160.00 D
Yaylaks: 357.00 D
Total land: 1,214.00 D
Total households: 192 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,514.67
Total land taxes: RUB 1,162.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 447.83
Total revenue: RUB 1,610.52
Large livestock: 190
Small livestock: 290
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
77. Astvatsangal
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 225.50 D
Yaylaks: 151.50 D
Total land: 380.00 D
Total households: 44 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 730.95
Total land taxes: RUB 154.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 131.64
Total revenue: RUB 285.74
Large livestock: 41
Small livestock: 122
78. Kushchi [Kechut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 369.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 96.00 D
Total land: 468.00 D
Total households: 50 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,076.00
Total land taxes: RUB 437.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 149.84
Total revenue: RUB 587.55
Large livestock: 50
Small livestock: 219

162

Part II

79. Norashen [Shoghakn]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 131.00 D
Yaylaks: 106.00 D
Total land: 238.00 D
Total households: 20 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 427.80
Total land taxes: RUB 90.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 80.52
Total revenue: RUB 170.73
Large livestock: 84
Small livestock: 210
80. Tamjerlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 246.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 492.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 107.00 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 1,153.00 D
Total households: 155 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,445.00
Total land taxes: RUB 937.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 518.09
Total revenue: RUB 1,455.27
Large livestock: 120
Small livestock: 663
81. Sachlu [Shoghakn]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 189.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 379.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 119.00 D
Yaylaks: 632.00 D
Total land: 1,325.00 D
Total households: 133 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,758.72
Total land taxes: RUB 792.48

Upkeep of officials: RUB 442.74
Total revenue: RUB 1,235.22
Large livestock: 97
Small livestock: 460
82. Kara-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 78.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 635.00 D
Yaylaks: 275.00 D
Total land: 1,001.00 D
Total households: 122 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,717.03
Total land taxes: RUB 572.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 381.25
Total revenue: RUB 954.10
Large livestock: 144
Small livestock: 522
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
83. Molla Kasum [Zovuni]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 905.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 35.00 D
Total land: 998.00 D
Total households: 125 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,839.00
Total land taxes: RUB 809.37
Total revenue: RUB 809.37
Large livestock: 139
Small livestock: 501
Parbi Commune
84. Piragan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 31.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 96.52 D

Table II
Unirrigated plowed fields: 508.33 D
Yaylaks: 520.83 D
Total land: 1,202.83 D
Total households: 233 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,082.25
Total land taxes: RUB 1,493.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 648.23
Total revenue: RUB 2,141.44
Large livestock: 629
Small livestock: 973
Units of water used for irrigation:
2¾
85. Ipakli
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.17 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 72.92 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 10.42 D
Yaylaks: 270.83 D
Total land: 358.34 D
Total households: 21 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 775.06
Total land taxes: RUB 163.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 125.30
Total revenue: RUB 288.70
Large livestock: 104
Small livestock: 138
86. Kosha-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 57.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 64.33 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 275.67 D
Total land: 411 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 754.01 D
Total land taxes: RUB 158.98 D
Upkeep of officials: RUB 120.64 D
Army tax: RUB 8.67 D
Total revenue: RUB 288.29
Large livestock: 118

163

Small livestock: 110
87. Ketaklu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 110.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 90.00 D
Yaylaks: 440.00 D
Total land: 648.00 D
Total households: 24 (16 Tatar and
8 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,038.00
Total land taxes: RUB 97.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 160.64
Army tax: RUB 11.73
Total revenue: RUB 269.58
Large livestock: 104
Small livestock: 85
88. Agarak
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 352.73 D
Yaylaks: 69.00 D
Total land: 425.73 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,323.65
Total land taxes: RUB 630.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 440.09
Army tax: RUB 104.04
Total revenue: RUB 1,175.09
Large livestock: 353
Small livestock: 838
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
89. Parbi
RESIDENCE OF COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 148.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 296.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 165.29 D

164

Part II

Yaylaks: 184.00 D
Total land: 802.50 D
Total households: 179 (150 Armenian and 29 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 17,199.66
Total land taxes: RUB 3,626.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1868.50
Army tax: RUB 53.55 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 5,548.39
Large livestock: 507
Small livestock: 318
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
90. Takiya [Bazmaghbyur]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 55.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 76.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 75.32 D
Yaylaks: 220.00 D
Total land: 429.32 D
Total households: 145 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,865.00
Total land taxes: RUB 455.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 568.23
Army tax: RUB 130.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,171.90
Large livestock: 360
Small livestock: 366
Units of water used irrigation water:
2
91. Nazravan [Ghazaravan]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 254.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 21.00 D
Yaylaks: 84.00 D
Total land: 527.00 D
Total households: 68 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,837.20

Total land taxes: RUB 453.01
(9.36%)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 339.85
Army tax: RUB 88.74
Total revenue: RUB 881.60
Large livestock: 129
Small livestock: 53
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
92. Persi [Buravet]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 364.58 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Yaylaks: 260.41 D
Total land: 653.11 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,252.47
Total land taxes: RUB 210.93
Upkeep of officials: RUB 221.62
Army tax: RUB 17.34
Total revenue: RUB 449.81
Large livestock: 166
Small livestock: 155
93. Angersak
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 41.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 72.91 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 26.04 D
Yaylaks: 208.33 D
Total land: 352.06 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 823.12
Total land taxes: RUB 77.09
(9.36%)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 121.30
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Total revenue: RUB 208.59
Large livestock: 68
Small livestock: 132

Table II
94. Akhis
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 19.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 373.67 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 28.63 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 876.00 D
Total land: 1,325.50 D
Total households: 74 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,546.46
Total land taxes: RUB 973.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 256.18
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Total revenue: RUB 1,282.98
Large livestock: 290
Small livestock: 775
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
95. Yergov
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 295.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 87.00 D
Yaylaks: 483.00 D
Total land: 869.00 D
Total households: 70 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,816.33
Total land taxes: RUB 357.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 292.40
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Total revenue: RUB 710.99
Large livestock: 260
Small livestock: 585
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

165

Third Police Prefecture
Kurdukuli Commune
96. Kurdukuli [Armavir]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 40.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 518.00 D
Total land: 573.00 D
Total households: 204 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 15,195.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,203.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,406.64
Total revenue: RUB 4,610.32
Large livestock: 787
Small livestock: 129
Units of water used for irrigation:
7½
97. Uzun-oba [Agravand]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 60.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 378.00 D
Yaylaks: 816.00 D
Total land: 1,268.00 D
Total households: 163 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,036.80
Total land taxes: RUB 2,748.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,575.84
Total revenue: RUB 4,324.49
Large livestock: 697
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
98. Tapadibi [Haykavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D

166

Part II

Orchards and vineyards: 25.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 317.00 D
Yaylaks: 31.00 D
Total land: 377.00 D
Total households: 102 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,321.30
Total land taxes: RUB 1,965.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 928.16
Total revenue: RUB 2,893.44
Large livestock: 548
Small livestock: 196
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
99. Igdalu [Pshatavan]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 9.71 D
Orchards and vineyards: 119.65 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 397.60 D
Yaylaks: 116.00 D
Total land: 642.96 D
Total households: 143 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 19,575.93
Total land taxes: RUB 1,833,28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 838.38
Army tax: RUB 151.47
Total revenue: RUB 2,823.13
Large livestock: 312
Small livestock: 84
Units of water used for irrigation:
6½
100. Kuzikudan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 445.00 D
Total land: 477.00 D
Total households: 153 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,521.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,639.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 714.20
Total revenue: RUB 3,354.10
Large livestock: 656

Small livestock: 179
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
101. Tatar Armutlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 132.35 D
Total land: 147.31 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,977.75
Total land taxes: RUB 838.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 267.34
Army tax: RUB 56.10
Total revenue: RUB 1,162.09
Large livestock: 220
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
102. Armenian Armutlu [Tufashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 228.00 D
Total land: 278.00 D
Total households: 81 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,190.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,726,76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 493.25
Total revenue: RUB 2,220.01
Large livestock: 261
Small livestock: 50
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
103. Aghja-Arkh
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.77 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 503.23 D
Yaylaks: 405.80 D
Total land: 922.80 D
Total households: 110 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,835.84
Total land taxes: RUB 1,202.08

Table II
Upkeep of officials: RUB 720.02
Army tax: RUB 113.22
Total revenue: RUB 2,035.32
Large livestock: 754
Small livestock: 145
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
Sardarabad Commune
104. Sardarabad
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT

3

AND COMMUNE

ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 37.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2,254.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 684.00 D
Total land: 3,031.00 D
Total households: 262 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 55,437.44
Total land taxes: RUB 11,688.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,042.98
Total revenue: RUB 13,731.27
Large livestock: 2,113
Small livestock: 1,560
Units of water used for irrigation:
15
105. Gecherlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 72.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,290.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,408.00 D
Total land: 2,805.00 D
Total households: 454 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 36,737.40
Total land taxes: RUB 7,745.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,239.65
Total revenue: RUB 9,985.26

167

Large livestock: 1,518
Small livestock: 130
Units of water used for irrigation:
17½
106. Kerim-Arkh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 774.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 1,323.00 D
Total households: 253 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 20,099.20
Total land taxes: RUB 4,237.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,135.17
Army tax: RUB 395.25
Total revenue: RUB 5,768.04
Large livestock: 1,979
Small livestock: 200
Units of water used for irrigation:
10½
107. Molla Bayazet [Bambakashat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 31.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 69.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 931.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 943.00 D
Total land: 2,065.00 D
Total households: 303 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 27,950.90
Total land taxes: RUB 5,893.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,410.53
Total revenue: RUB 8,303.63
Large livestock: 1,485
Small livestock: 608
Units of water used for irrigation:
11
108. Kara-Bogha
Ownership: Treasury

168

Part II

Inhabited space: 2.25 D
Kishlaks: 324.00 D
Total land: 326.25 D
Total households: 11 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 330.75
Total land taxes: RUB 69.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 18.65
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Total revenue: RUB 96.02
Large livestock: 47
Small livestock: 503
109. Kara-Kala
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.25 D
Kishlaks: 108.00 D
Total land: 110.25 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 114.76
Total land taxes: RUB 24.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 13.80
Army tax: RUB 2.55
Total revenue: RUB 40.55
Large livestock: 18
Small livestock: 127
110. Kharaba-Kitik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Kishlaks: 551.25 D
Total land: 555.75 D
Total households: 35 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 564.75
Total land taxes: RUB 119.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 48.93
Army tax: RUB 26.78
Total revenue: RUB 194.78
Large livestock: 135
Small livestock: 1,125

Shahriyar Commune
111. Big Shahriyar [Nalbandyan]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 40.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,365.50 D
Yaylaks: 450.00 D
Total land: 1,905.50 D
Total households: 350 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 37,662.50
Total land taxes: RUB 7,940.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 3,306.78
Total revenue: RUB 11,247.45
Large livestock: 769
Small livestock: 462
Units of water used for irrigation:
13
112. Small Shahriyar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 30.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 284.00 D
Yaylaks: 150.00 D
Total land: 476.00 D
Total households: 50 (31 Armenian
and 19 Assyrian)
Total income: RUB 8,831.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,861.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 717.51
Total revenue: RUB 2,579.41
Large livestock: 160
Small livestock: 86
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
113. Ja`farabad [Getashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 15.00 D

Table II
Irrigated plowed fields: 615.00 D
Yaylaks: 390.00 D
Total land: 1,032.00 D
Total households: 125 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 16,353.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,447.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,420.81
Total revenue: RUB 4,868.64
Large livestock: 350
Small livestock: 252
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
114. Kyalak-Arkh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 708.00 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 1,017.00 D
Total households: 94 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 17,817.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,756.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,135.79
Total revenue: RUB 4,892.28
Large livestock: 278
Small livestock: 133
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
115. Haji Bayram [Bakhchalar]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 111.83 D
Yaylaks: 455.13 D
Total land: 604.21 D
Total households: 96 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,971.58
Total land taxes: RUB 686.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 364.42
Total revenue: RUB 1,184.44
Large livestock: 211
Small livestock: 135
Units of water used for irrigation: 4

169

116. Kheyribeglu [Yervandashat]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 194.00 D
Yaylaks: 741.90 D
Total land: 960.90 D
Total households: 48 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,179.57
Total land taxes: RUB 766.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 257.48
Army tax: RUB 88.74
Total revenue: RUB 1,122.25
Large livestock: 160
Small livestock: 111
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
117. Assar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 52.08 D
Yaylaks: 460.49 D
Total land: 515.57 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,969.95
Total land taxes: RUB 184.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 113.60
Army tax: RUB 36.72
Total revenue: RUB 334.82
Large livestock: 34
Small livestock: 15
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
118. Shahvarid
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 42.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,027.00 D
Total land: 1,072.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,787.10
Total land taxes: RUB 167.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 124.08
Army tax: RUB 29.07

170

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 320.51
Large livestock: 40
Small livestock: 33
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
119. Khoja Yaralu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 220.00 D
Yaylaks: 90.00 D
Total land: 315.00 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,646.00
Total land taxes: RUB 528.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 174.67
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Total revenue: RUB 743.20
Large livestock: 50
Small livestock: 33
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
120. Janfida
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 16.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 957.00 D
Yaylaks: 392.00 D
Total land: 1,380.00 D
Total households: 208 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 25,015.60
Total land taxes: RUB 2,342.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 702.66
Army tax: RUB 211.14
Total revenue: RUB 3,256.50
Large livestock: 215
Small livestock: 74
Units of water used for irrigation: 9
Karkhun Commune
121. Evjilar [Norakert]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D

Orchards and vineyards: 36.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 208.00 D
Total land: 254.00 D
Total households: 131 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,210.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,520.14
Upkeep of officials: RUB 954.31
Total revenue: RUB 2,574.45
Large livestock: 246
Small livestock: 200
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
122. Margara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 313.50 D
Yaylaks: 154.50 D
Total land: 525.00 D
Total households: 172 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,394.85
Total land taxes: RUB 2,191.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 699.41
Total revenue: RUB 2,891.04
Large livestock: 190
Small livestock: 253
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
123. Sharifabad (Lower Karkhun)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 292.36 D
Yaylaks: 156.75 D
Total land: 457.11 D
Total households: 100 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,432.03
Total land taxes: RUB 1,566.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 380.11
Army tax: RUB 88.74
Total revenue: RUB 2,092.42
Large livestock: 215
Small livestock: 5

Table II
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
124. Chubukhchi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 223.00 D
Yaylaks: 986.00 D
Total land: 1,242.00 D
Total households: 69 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,061.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,488.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 331.46
Total revenue: RUB 1,820.35
Large livestock: 281
Small livestock: 90
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
125. Armenian Ardashar [Artashat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 151.50 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 460.50 D
Total households: 68 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,216.50
Total land taxes: RUB 859.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 260.93
Total revenue: RUB 1,149.93
Large livestock: 138
Small livestock: 2
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
126. Turkmanlu [Lusagyugh]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 191.54 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 343.46 D

171

Total land: 553.00 D
Total households: 54 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,067.53
Total land taxes: RUB 474.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 197.35
Army tax: RUB 82.62
Total revenue: RUB 754.55
Large livestock: 267
Small livestock: 19
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
127. Molla Badal [Yeghegnut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 283.00 D
Yaylaks: 713.50 D
Total land: 1,008.50 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,585.05
Total land taxes: RUB 1,599.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 345.42
Army tax: RUB 104.55
Total revenue: RUB 2,049.19
Large livestock: 200
Small livestock: 215
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
128. Karkhun (Upper) [Jrarat]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 32.55 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 651.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 133.45 D
Yaylaks: 1,136.50 D
Total land: 1968.50 D
Total households: 213 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 23,783.31
Total land taxes: RUB 2,227.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 940.56
Army tax: RUB 244.80
Total revenue: RUB 3,412.68

172

Part II

Large livestock: 403
Small livestock: 110
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
129. Kharaba-Kelani
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 253.00 D
Yaylaks: 45.00 D
Total land: 310.00 D
Total households: 62 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,894.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,453.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 502.09
Army tax: RUB 114.75
Total revenue: RUB 2,070.47
Large livestock: 146
Small livestock: 5
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
130. Ranjbar [Ranchpar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 194.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 3.00 D
Yaylaks: 338.00 D
Total land: 534.00 D
Total households: 66 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,957.40
Total land taxes: RUB 1,045.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 444.05
Army tax: RUB 99.45
Total revenue: RUB 1,588.71
Large livestock: 153
Small livestock: 3
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
131. Qoli-Beglu (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 80.00 D
Yaylaks: 433.00 D
Total land: 516.00 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)

Total income: RUB 1,338.90
Total land taxes: RUB 282.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.03
Army tax: RUB 85.68
Total revenue: RUB 554 rubles
Large livestock: 304
Small livestock: 11
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
132. Qoli-Beglu (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 94.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 150.00 D
Yaylaks: 214.00 D
Total land: 468.00 D
Total households: 40 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,004.20
Total land taxes: RUB 633.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 188.53
Army tax: RUB 64.26
Total revenue: RUB 886.17
Large livestock: 545
Small livestock: 131
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
133. Msto-Kalo (Kishlak)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 38.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Kishlaks: 164.80 D
Total land: 214.30 D
Total households: 19 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,212.30
Total land taxes: RUB 255.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 98.18
Army tax: RUB 21.28
Total revenue: RUB 375.06
Large livestock: 299
Small livestock: 964
134. Soghutlu4
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D

Table II
Irrigated plowed fields: 22.00 D
Kishlaks: 600.00 D
Total land: 626.00 D
Total households: 30 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,808.00
Total land taxes: RUB 297.00
Army tax: RUB 45.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.00
Total revenue: RUB 487.00
135. Katrabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Kishlaks: 700.00 D
Total land: 710.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 730.00
Total land taxes: RUB 153.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 63.27
Army tax: RUB 25.76
Total revenue: RUB 252.94
Large livestock: 63
Small livestock: 885
136. Ghamishlu [Yeghegnut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 65.00 D
Kishlaks: 309.00 D
Total land: 386.00 D
Total households: 24 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,230.00
Total land taxes: RUB 259.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 92.38
Army tax: RUB 26.10
Total revenue: RUB 377.82
Large livestock: 279
Small livestock: 1,087
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
137. Beziki
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D

173

Irrigated fodder fields: 43.74 D
Kishlaks: 476.18 D
Total land: 522.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 919.82
Total land taxes: RUB 193.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 74.48
Army tax: RUB 24.65
Total revenue: RUB 293.05
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 365
138. Kurdish Ardashar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 302.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 306.00
Total land taxes: RUB 64.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 32.48
Army tax: RUB 18.58
Total revenue: RUB 115.84
Large livestock: 58
Small livestock: 180

Fourth Police Prefecture
Talin Commune
139. Pirmalak [Tatul]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 318.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,073.50 D
Total land: 1396.50 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,291.05
Total land taxes: RUB 120.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 87.52
Army tax: RUB 8.67
Total revenue: RUB 219.09
Large livestock: 177
Small livestock: 418

174

Part II

Units of water used for irrigation: 1
140. Tatar Talin
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 11.37 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 566.86 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 223.71 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 9.40 D
Yaylaks: 1,283.67 D
Total land: 2,100.00 D
Total households: 49 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,598.11
Total land taxes: RUB 711.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 220.93
Army tax: RUB 15.81
Total revenue: RUB 948.31
Large livestock: 330
Small livestock: 1,263
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
(shared with Aralikh, no. 141,
Dadalu, no. 148, Kirmizlu, no. 149,
Armenian Talin, no. 151)
141. Aralikh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 179.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 91.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 12.13 D
Yaylaks: 158.87 D
Total land: 447.96 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,729.73
Total land taxes: RUB 364.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.60
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Total revenue: RUB 421.06
Large livestock: 173
Small livestock: 425
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Tatar Talin, no. 140)
142. Sheikh Haji
Ownership: Treasury

Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 130.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 245.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 686.00 D
Total land: 1,084.00 D
Total households: 45 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,014.87
Total land taxes: RUB 424.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 139.09
Army tax: RUB 50.49
Total revenue: RUB 614.38
Large livestock: 172
Small livestock: 662
143. Kul-Darvish
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 228.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.38 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.17 D
Yaylaks: 439.00 D
Total land: 725.00 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,909.85
Total land taxes: RUB 178.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 141.88
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Total revenue: RUB 339.10
Large livestock: 261
Small livestock: 656
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
144. Agakchi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 13.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 369.67 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.33 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 13.67 D
Yaylaks: 276.00 D
Total land: 684.00 D
Total households: 31 (26 Tatar and
5 Armenian)

Table II
Total income: RUB 1,503.41
Total land taxes: RUB 316.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 202.67
Army tax: RUB 44.37
Total revenue: RUB 564.00
Large livestock: 291
Small livestock: 626
145. Mazarjuk
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 229.00 D
Yaylaks: 322.67 D
Total land: 557.67 D
Total households: 64 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 807.60
Total land taxes: RUB 170.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 215.59
Total revenue: RUB 385.86
Large livestock: 234
Small livestock: 407
146. Pirtikyan [Dsaragyugh]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 85.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 113.00 D
Total land: 251.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,167.90
Total land taxes: RUB 109.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 41.37
Army tax: RUB 5.61
Total revenue: RUB 156.35
Large livestock: 90
Small livestock: 194
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
147. Mastara
Ownership: Armenian Church
Total households: 277 (All
Armenian)

175

Upkeep of officials: RUB 984.59
Total revenue: RUB 984.59
Large livestock: 1,559
Small livestock: 2,547
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
148. Dadalu [Yeghnik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 309.67 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 191.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 30.33 D
Yaylaks: 635.00 D
Total land: 1,174.00 D
Total households: 105 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,154.72
Total land taxes: RUB 665.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 315.76
Total revenue: RUB 980.89
Large livestock: 571
Small livestock: 634
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Tatar Talin, no. 140)
149. Kirmizlu [Kramrashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 330.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 91.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 79.00 D
Yaylaks: 581.00 D
Total land: 1,094.00 D
Total households: 114 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,806.22
Total land taxes: RUB 1,013.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 325.76
Total revenue: RUB 1,339.09
Large livestock: 620
Small livestock: 333
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Tatar Talin, no. 140)

176

Part II

150. Gezlu [Akunk]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 585.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 326.00 D
Yaylaks: 765.75 D
Total land: 1,681.75 D
Total households: 126 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,456.91
Total land taxes: RUB 887.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 423.64
Total revenue: RUB 1,310.92
Large livestock: 656
Small livestock: 629
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
151. Armenian Talin
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE

Lower Aghja-Kala Commune
152. Eshnyak [Ashnak]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 21.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 52.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 708.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 31.25 D
Yaylaks: 2,077.84 D
Total land: 2,953.00 D
Total households: 125 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,725.05
Total land taxes: RUB 1,003.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 725.00
Army tax: RUB 100.98
Total revenue: RUB 1,830.38
Large livestock: 241
Small livestock: 333
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

ADMINISTRATOR

153. Mehriban [Katnaghbyur]

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 461.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,013.33
D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.33 D
Yaylaks: 2,493.68 D
Total land: 3,987.00 D
Total households: 230 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,950.09
Total land taxes: RUB 2,308.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 829.18
Total revenue: RUB 3,139.87
Large livestock: 1,261
Small livestock: 2,254
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Tatar Talin, no. 140)

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 11.00
Orchards and vineyards: 10.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,007.22 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 51.68 D
Yaylaks: 539.00 D
Total land: 1,619.00 D
Total households: 110 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,885.78
Total land taxes: RUB 925.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 887.00
Army tax: RUB 114.78
Total revenue: RUB 1,927.55
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 472
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
154. Irind
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 236.00 D

Table II
Irrigated fodder fields: 32.00 D
Yaylaks: 369.00 D
Total land: 640.00 D
Total households: 45 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,387.82
Total land taxes: RUB 223.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 381.00
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Total revenue: RUB 656.16
Large livestock: 79
Small livestock: 327
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
155. Karga-Kovmaz
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 300.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,216.00 D
Total land: 1,622.00 D
Total households: 70 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,767.96
Total land taxes: RUB 352.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 677.00
Army tax: RUB 71.91
Total revenue: RUB 1,101.79
Large livestock: 176
Small livestock: 600
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
156. Aylanlu [Davtashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 16.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 291.67 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 12.50 D
Yaylaks: 472.67 D
Total land: 806.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,169.24
Total land taxes: RUB 668.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 286.00
Army tax: RUB 36.72
Total revenue: RUB 990.91

177

Large livestock: 130
Small livestock: 387
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
157. Aghja-Kala (Lower)
[Aygehovit]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 33.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 595.55 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 44.66 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 41.66 D
Yaylaks: 797.67 D
Total land: 1,513.00 D
Total households: 115 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,037.77
Total land taxes: RUB 1,483.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 858.00
Army tax: RUB 104.04
Total revenue: RUB 2,445.88
Large livestock: 223
Small livestock: 34
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
158. Aghja-Kala (Upper)
[Aygehovit]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.83 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 325.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 123.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.83 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.83 D
Yaylaks: 1,097.83 D
Total land: 1,608.32 D
Total households: 110 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,271.55
Total land taxes: RUB 689.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 490.00
Army tax: RUB 81.09
Total revenue: RUB 1,260.86
Large livestock: 76
Small livestock: 73

178

Part II

159. Yashil [Kakavadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 568.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 16.00 D
Yaylaks: 615.00 D
Total land: 1,219.00 D
Total households: 70 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,697.25
Total land taxes: RUB 990.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 367.00
Army tax: RUB 52.02
Total revenue: RUB 1,409.38
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 65
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
(shared with Sichanlu, no. 161)
160. Bakhchajuk
Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 170.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 230.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 25.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.00 D
Yaylaks: 322.00 D
Total land: 758.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,310.60
Total land taxes: RUB 140.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 164.00
Army tax: RUB 6.63
Total revenue: RUB 311.38
Large livestock: 75
Small livestock: 179
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ (shared with Kharaba-Akarak,
no. 165)
161. Sichanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 104.17 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 51.83 D

Irrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Kishlaks: 190.25 D
Total land: 364.58 D
Total households: 25 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,219.96
Total land taxes: RUB 257.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 235.00
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Total revenue: RUB 499.86
Large livestock: 50
Small livestock: 296
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ (shared with Yashil, no. 159)
162. Bashsiz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 176.45 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 25.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.64 D
Kishlaks: 458.72 D
Total land: 706.21 D
Total households: 45 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,765.03
Total land taxes: RUB 372.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 277.00
Army tax: RUB 14.28
Total revenue: RUB 663.39
Large livestock: 80
Small livestock: 373
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
163. Diyan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 189.92 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 84.88 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 10.08 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.12 D
Kishlaks: 341.00 D
Total land: 644.00 D
Total households: 55 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,865.14
Total land taxes: RUB 393.24

Table II

179

Upkeep of officials: RUB 289.00
Army tax: RUB 50.49
Total revenue: RUB 732.73
Large livestock: 83
Small livestock: 317
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾

Kosh Commune

164. Magda

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 75.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,132.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 57.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 99.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,408.50 D
Total land: 2,787.00 D
Total households: 161 (125 Armenian and 36 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 23,119.05
Total land taxes: RUB 2,165.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,164.25
Army tax: RUB 52.02 (Tatars only)
Total revenue: RUB 3,381.38
Large livestock: 264
Small livestock: 419
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 795.00 D
Yaylaks: 475.00 D
Total land: 1,273.00 D
Total households: 40 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,830.60
Total land taxes: RUB 452.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 235.00
Army tax: RUB 14.28
Total revenue: RUB 701.66
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 99
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
165. Kharaba-Akarak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 29.60 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.17 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 265.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.83 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 423.40 D
Total land: 828.00 D
Total households: 80 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,662.02
Total land taxes: RUB 772.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 551.00
Army tax: RUB 64.26
Total revenue: RUB 1,387.34
Large livestock: 120
Small livestock: 631
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Bakhchajuk, no. 160)

166. Kosh
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

167. Karajalar
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 569.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,137.50 D
Total land: 1,792.40 D
Total households: 88 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,344.76
Total land taxes: RUB 1,004.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 150.09
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Total revenue: RUB 1,177.58
Large livestock: 159
Small livestock: 365
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

180

Part II

168. Avan
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.02 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 391.98 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 66.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,267.50 D
Total land: 1,783.50 D
Total households: 85 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,995.65
Total land taxes: RUB 588.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 260.10
Army tax: RUB 72.03
Total revenue: RUB 875.97
Large livestock: 136
Small livestock: 350
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
169. Koytul
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 209.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 45.40 D
Yaylaks: 449.60 D
Total land: 720.00 D
Total households: 68 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,702.62
Total land taxes: RUB 253.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 230.41
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Total revenue: RUB 501.85
Large livestock: 147
Small livestock: 453
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
170. Bayram `Ali
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.40 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.03 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 40.84 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 4.63 D
Yaylaks: 118.10 D

Total land: 168.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 776.48
Total land taxes: RUB 71.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 45.00
Total revenue: RUB 116.34
Large livestock: 160
Small livestock: 1,490
171. Ujan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.78 D
Orchards and vineyards: 27.73 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 320.15 D
Yaylaks: 1,591.34 D
Total land: 1,949.00 D
Total households: 90 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,921.08
Total land taxes: RUB 648.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 336.96
Army tax: RUB 71.91
Total revenue: RUB 1,057.04
Large livestock: 178
Small livestock: 363
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
172. Kharaba Vank
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.33 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 3.78 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 170.81 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,077.25
Total land taxes: RUB 98.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 37.00
Army tax: RUB 6.12
Total revenue: RUB 144.01
Large livestock: 113
Small livestock: 1,043

Table II
173. Talysh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 19.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 879.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 211.50 D
Yaylaks: 206.20 D
Total land: 1,328.10 D
Total households: 120 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,484.18
Total land taxes: RUB 1,577.94
Upkeep of officials: RUB 368.57
Total revenue: RUB 1,946.51
Large livestock: 154
Small livestock: 102
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
174. Karavansara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 281.48 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 2.52 D
Yaylaks: 112.00 D
Total land: 401.00 D
Total households: 55 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,792.40
Total land taxes: RUB 588.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 161.15
Army tax: RUB 35.19
Total revenue: RUB 785.09
Large livestock: 68
Small livestock: 61
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
175. Shamiram
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 624.50 D
Yaylaks: 480.00 D
Total land: 1,110.00 D

181

Total households: 50 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 6,687.80
Total land taxes: RUB 626.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 151.60
Army tax: RUB 6.63
Total revenue: RUB 784.54
Large livestock: 325
Small livestock: 5,190
176. Qajarabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 55.46 D
Kishlaks: 503.24 D
Total land: 561.85 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 941.21
Total land taxes: RUB 198.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 34.40
Total revenue: RUB 232.84
Large livestock: 106
Small livestock: 872
Bugutli Commune (all kishlaks)
177. Bugutli and Boz Ağıl
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 30.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 431.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 493.00
Total land taxes: RUB 103.94
Upkeep of officials: RUB 9.26
Army tax: RUB 4.47
Total revenue: RUB 117.67
Large livestock: 61
Small livestock: 272
178. Badlı
Ownership: Treasury

182

Part II

Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Kishlaks: 333.00 D
Total land: 363.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 523.00
Total land taxes: RUB 110.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 27.78
Army tax: RUB 13.41
Total revenue: RUB 151.46
Large livestock: 104
Small livestock: 394
179. Gyalto
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 31.00 D
Kishlaks: 800.00 D
Total land: 833.00 D
Total households: 26 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,023.00
Total land taxes: RUB 215.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 49.37
Army tax: RUB 23.84
Total revenue: RUB 288.90
Large livestock: 118
Small livestock: 690
180. Hakko
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 31.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Kishlaks: 501.75 D
Total land: 550.00 D
Total households: 5 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 801.50
Total land taxes: RUB 169.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.42
Army tax: RUB 5.96
Total revenue: RUB 190.38
Large livestock: 74
Small livestock: 439

181. Aya-Tagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 21.00 D
Kishlaks: 307.00 D
Total land: 330.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 460.00
Total land taxes: RUB 96.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 18.52
Army tax: RUB 8.94
Total revenue: RUB 124.44
Large livestock: 55
Small livestock: 224
182. Kara-Kula (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 34.00 D
Kishlaks: 379.25 D
Total land: 416.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 489.50
Total land taxes: RUB 103.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 18.52
Army tax: RUB 8.94
Total revenue: RUB 130.66
Large livestock: 70
Small livestock: 370
183. Duzkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 16.66 D
Kishlaks: 499.34 D
Total land: 518.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 555.32
Total land taxes: RUB 117.09
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.43
Army tax: RUB 7.45
Total revenue: RUB 139.97
Large livestock: 55
Small livestock: 233

Table II

183

184. Kyallo-Zaga

187. Mindo-Zaga

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 14.58 D
Kishlaks: 297.34 D
Total land: 314.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 347.32
Total land taxes: RUB 73.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 18.52
Army tax: RUB 8.94
Total revenue: RUB 100.68
Large livestock: 86
Small livestock: 389

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 1,022.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,066.00
Total land taxes: RUB 224.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 33.95
Army tax: RUB 16.39
Total revenue: RUB 275.08
Large livestock: 76
Small livestock: 413

185. Rute

188. Ilan

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 6.00 D
Kishlaks: 800.00 D
Total land: 808.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 824.00
Total land taxes: RUB 173.73
Upkeep of officials: RUB 12.35
Army tax: RUB 5.96
Total revenue: RUB 192.04
Large livestock: 35
Small livestock: 165

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 47.00 D
Kishlaks: 600.00 D
Total land: 653.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 759.09
Total land taxes: RUB 160.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 37.03
Army tax: RUB 17.88
Total revenue: RUB 214.93
Large livestock: 96
Small livestock: 465

186. Kabakh-Tapa

189. Khanarkhach

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 13.00 D
Kishlaks: 299.00 D
Total land: 314.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 344.00
Total land taxes: RUB 72.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 12.35
Army tax: RUB 5.96
Total revenue: RUB 90.83
Large livestock: 48
Small livestock: 247

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 422.00 D
Total households: 11 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 466.00
Total land taxes: RUB 98.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 21.60
Army tax: RUB 10.43
Total revenue: RUB 130.28
Large livestock: 57
Small livestock: 272

184

Part II

190. Kara-Burun

193. Kyalakut (Lower)

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Kishlaks: 999.50 D
Total land: 1,016.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,049.00
Total land taxes: RUB 221.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.46
Army tax: RUB 26.82
Total revenue: RUB 300.45
Large livestock: 97
Small livestock: 428

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Kishlaks: 397.42 D
Total land: 412.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 441.16
Total land taxes: RUB 93.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 21.60
Army tax: RUB 11.92
Total revenue: RUB 126.54
Large livestock: 84
Small livestock: 254

191. Mkhtokyan (Seyran)

194. Kalacha

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Kishlaks: 295.00 D
Total land: 312.00 D
Total households: 17 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 346.00
Total land taxes: RUB 72.94
Upkeep of officials: RUB 46.29
Army tax: RUB 22.35
Total revenue: RUB 141.58
Large livestock: 80
Small livestock: 276

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 366.00 D
Total households: 17 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 622.00
Total land taxes: RUB 58.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 37.03
Army tax: RUB 17.40
Total revenue: RUB 112.68
Large livestock: 118
Small livestock: 464

192. Kyalakut (Upper)

195. Kyalash Bek

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 429.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 487.00
Total land taxes: RUB 102.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 43.20
Army tax: RUB 20.30
Total revenue: RUB 166.17
Large livestock: 102
Small livestock: 447

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 410.00 D
Total land: 450.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 638.00
Total land taxes: RUB 134.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.43
Army tax: RUB 7.25
Total revenue: RUB 157.19
Large livestock: 46

Table II
Small livestock: 238
196. Zorba
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 350.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 590.00
Total land taxes: RUB 124.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 30.86
Army tax: RUB 14.50
Total revenue: RUB 169.75
Large livestock: 108
Small livestock: 521
197. Tazakend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 352.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 596.00
Total land taxes: RUB 125.66
Upkeep of officials: RUB 24.69
Army tax: RUB 11.60
Total revenue: RUB 161.95
Large livestock: 67
Small livestock: 367
198. Kara-Kula (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 43.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 447.00 D
Total households: 40 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 541.87
Total land taxes: RUB 114.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 61.72
Army tax: RUB 26.10

185

Total revenue: RUB 201.88
Large livestock: 168
Small livestock: 675
199. Kazbin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 35.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 337.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 411.00
Total land taxes: RUB 86.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 30.86
Army tax: RUB 14.50
Total revenue: RUB 132.01
Large livestock: 68
Small livestock: 462
200. Bozbur
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 339.00 D
Total households: 21 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 525.00
Total land taxes: RUB 110.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 30.86
Army tax: RUB 14.50
Total revenue: RUB 156.04
Large livestock: 71
Small livestock: 380
201. Uzunkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 10.41 D
Kishlaks: 625.00 D
Total land: 637.41 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 662.23
Total land taxes: RUB 139.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 30.86

186

Part II

Army tax: RUB 13.05
Total revenue: RUB 183.53
Large livestock: 51
Small livestock: 210

Army tax: RUB 18.38
Total revenue: RUB 202.56
Large livestock: 114
Small livestock: 530

202. Su-Suz

205. Magara Zaga

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.00 D
Kishlaks: 632.00 D
Total land: 700.00 D
Total households: 30 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,048.00
Total land taxes: RUB 228.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 49.37
Army tax: RUB 22.56
Total revenue: RUB 300.47
Large livestock: 176
Small livestock: 982

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 322.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 366.00
Total land taxes: RUB 77.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 24.69
Total revenue: RUB 101.86
Large livestock: 63
Small livestock: 258

203. Old Kilich-Yatagh

206. Shaban

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 37.00 D
Kishlaks: 250.00 D
Total land: 289.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 515.00
Total land taxes: RUB 108.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 30.86
Army tax: RUB 14.10
Total revenue: RUB 153.53
Large livestock: 89
Small livestock: 544

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 250.00 D
Total land: 292.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 496.00
Total land taxes: RUB 104.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 24.69
Army tax: RUB 11.68
Total revenue: RUB 140.94
Large livestock: 42
Small livestock: 178

204. Sabunchi

207. `Abdulrahman [Tsaghkunk]

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 80.00 D
Kishlaks: 132.00 D
Total land: 214.00 D
Total households: 32 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 698.00
Total land taxes: RUB 147.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 37.03

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 13.00 D
Kishlaks: 335.00 D
Total land: 350.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 432.00
Total land taxes: RUB 91.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 12.35

Table II
Army tax: RUB 5.84
Total revenue: RUB 109.27
Large livestock: 39
Small livestock: 160
208. Tillik [Tilk]

187

Upkeep of officials: RUB 43.20
Army tax: RUB 20.44
Total revenue: RUB 181.91
Large livestock: 68
Small livestock: 389
211. Knik

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 47.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Kishlaks: 800.00 D
Total land: 901.00 D
Total households: 29 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,391.00
Total land taxes: RUB 293.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 58.63
Army tax: RUB 33.70
Total revenue: RUB 385.61
Large livestock: 176
Small livestock: 1,013

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 47.00 D
Kishlaks: 700.00 D
Total land: 750.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 850.00
Total land taxes: RUB 179.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 43.20
Army tax: RUB 20.44
Total revenue: RUB 242.86
Large livestock: 101
Small livestock: 598

209. Grgor

212. Mirzakhan

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 700.00 D
Total land: 722.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 846.00
Total land taxes: RUB 178.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 37.03
Army tax: RUB 17.52
Total revenue: RUB 232.91
Large livestock: 113
Small livestock: 691

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 14.00 D
Kishlaks: 982.00 D
Total land: 1,000.00 D
Total households: 19 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,036.00
Total land taxes: RUB 218.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 61.72
Army tax: RUB 27.74
Total revenue: RUB 307.88
Large livestock: 125
Small livestock: 697

210. Karavansaray

213. Dem

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 31.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 433.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 561.00
Total land taxes: RUB 118.27

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,500.00 D
Total land: 1,554.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,662.00
Total land taxes: RUB 350.41

188

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.46
Army tax: RUB 24.82
Total revenue: RUB 427.69
Large livestock: 163
Small livestock: 805
214. Ayrisufat
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 16.67 D
Kishlaks: 1,471.08 D
Total land: 1,500.00 D
Total households: 38 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,632.84
Total land taxes: RUB 344.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 104.91
Army tax: RUB 49.64
Total revenue: RUB 498.83
Large livestock: 148
Small livestock: 602
215. New Kilich-Yatakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 60.00 D
Kishlaks: 600.00 D
Total land: 664.00 D
Total households: 11 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,032.00
Total land taxes: RUB 217.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.95
Army tax: RUB 20.44
Total revenue: RUB 271.98
Large livestock: 72
Small livestock: 524

216. Kızıl-Kula
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 37.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 489.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 915.00
Total land taxes: RUB 192.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 43.20
Army tax: RUB 31.02
Total revenue: RUB 267.14
Large livestock: 111
Small livestock: 582

Table II

189

5

Key totals for the district (all-rural district, 1907)

Armenians: 12,929 households; 86,040 persons (45,183 male/40,857 female)
Tatars: 5,985 households; 35,428 persons (18,809 male/16,619 female)
Kurds: 6,632 persons
Assyrians: 123 persons
Others: 900 persons
Total population: 129,123

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 Armenian Church property was exempt from taxes; see Chapter V.
3 In 1914 the police superintendent had moved to Kurdukuli.
4 This village appears only in the 1906 register.
5 For more details, see Chapter III.

Table III – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Surmalu District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture
Igdir Commune
1. Igdir [Iğdir]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 72.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 187.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 544.11 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 90.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,498.00 D
Total land: 2,081.94 D
Total households: 543 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 22,806.68
Total land taxes: RUB 3,524.45

Upkeep of officials: RUB 3,652.29
Total revenue: RUB 7,176.74
Large livestock: 544
Small livestock: 368
Units of water for irrigation: 20½
2. Igdir-Mova
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 55.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 671.00 D
Yaylaks: 644.00 D
Total land: 1,397.00 D
Total households: 262 (135
Armenian and 127 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,756.30
Total land taxes: RUB 3,510.04
Army tax: RUB 204.00 (Tatars
only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,674.68
Total revenue: RUB 5,388.72

Table III
Large livestock: 178
Small livestock: 261
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅕
3. Baharlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 56.67 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 533.33 D
Yaylaks: 150.00 D
Total land: 755.00 D
Total households: 234 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,002.40
Total land taxes: RUB 2,933.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,888.13
Total revenue: RUB 4,821.30
Large livestock: 101
Small livestock: 59
Units of water for irrigation: 7⅗
4. Akhveis
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 53.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 536.76 D
Total land: 607.33 D
Total households: 173 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,993.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,931.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 728.06
Total revenue: RUB 3,659.25
Large livestock: 70
Small livestock: 155
Units of water for irrigation: 7⅗
5. Malaklu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 46.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,558.50 D
Yaylaks: 2,072.00 D
Total land: 3,691.50 D
Total households: 361 (All Tatar)

191

Total income: RUB 32,901.20
Total land taxes: RUB 3,135.23
Army tax: RUB 688.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,198.15
Total revenue: RUB 5,024.88
Large livestock: 340
Small livestock: 470
Units of water for irrigation: 21⅗
6. Khalfalu [Halfeli]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 50.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 586.00 D
Yaylaks: 444.00 D
Total land: 1,092.00 D
Total households: 177 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,812.40
Total land taxes: RUB 1,694.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,360.41
Total revenue: RUB 3,054.93
Large livestock: 189
Small livestock: 1,313
Units of water for irrigation: 10½
7. Argaji
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 810.68 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 256.50 D
Kishlaks: 625.00 D
Total land: 1,735.00 D
Total households: 193 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 17,720.60
Total land taxes: RUB 2,607.94
Army tax: RUB 94.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,345.64
Total revenue: RUB 4,047.93
Large livestock: 219
Small livestock: 1,036
Units of water for irrigation: 18⅕

192

Part II

8. Pliur
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 33.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,494.42 D
Yaylaks: 3.00 D
Total land: 1,560.67 D
Total households: 309 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 31,961.20
Total land taxes: RUB 6,695.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,209.67
Total revenue: RUB 8,904.77
Large livestock: 263
Small livestock: 337
Units of water for irrigation: 21⅖
9. Sultanabad
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 66.44 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 140.00 D
Total land: 243.44 D
Total households: 26 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,688.60
Total land taxes: RUB 256.98
Army tax: RUB 71.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 89.62
Total revenue: RUB 418.00
Large livestock: 55
Small livestock: 4
Units of water for irrigation: 1⅘
Evjilyar Commune
10. Evjilyar
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 54.88 D

Irrigated plowed fields: 979.82 D
Yaylaks: 74.60 D
Total land: 1,134.30 D
Total households: 288 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 22,996.66
Total land taxes: RUB 4,817.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,016.80
Total revenue: RUB 5,834.06
Large livestock: 264
Small livestock: 251
Units of water for irrigation: 8⅓
11. Panik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.82 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 762.44 D
Yaylaks: 11.00 D
Total land: 835.26 D
Total households: 244 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 17,979.90
Total land taxes: RUB 3,766.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 529.01
Total revenue: RUB 4,295.37
Large livestock: 340
Small livestock: 135
Units of water for irrigation: 7⅗
12. Teyjerlu [Tecirli]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 30.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 573.00 D
Yaylaks: 24.00 D
Total land: 647.00 D
Total households: 168 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,342.40
Total land taxes: RUB 2,618.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 409.50
Total revenue: RUB 3,027.85
Large livestock: 169
Small livestock: 142

Table III
Units of water for irrigation: 4⅘
13. Kazi-Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 72.49 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 197.51 D
Kishlaks: 70.84 D
Total land: 360.84 D
Total households: 166 (90 Tatar and
76 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,407.94
Total land taxes: RUB 1,761.28
Army tax: RUB 79.56 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 392.97
Total revenue: RUB 2,227.81
Large livestock: 132
Small livestock: 3
Units of water for irrigation: 3⅗
14. Aletlu [Adetli]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 590.00 D
Yaylaks: 2.00 D
Total land: 643.00 D
Total households: 152 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,740.20
Total land taxes: RUB 2,878.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 623.42
Total revenue: RUB 3,501.67
Large livestock: 113
Small livestock: 301
Units of water for irrigation: 7⅗
15. `Alijan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 27.37 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 482.38 D
Yaylaks: 247.52 D
Total land: 767.27 D

193

Total households: 145 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 11,354.55
Total land taxes: RUB 2,378.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 480.05
Total revenue: RUB 2,858.54
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 117
Units of water for irrigation: 7⅕
16. Morshed-`Ali
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 26.54 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 486.90 D
Yaylaks: 109.00 D
Total land: 630.41 D
Total households: 104 (103
Armenian and 1 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,373.30
Total land taxes: RUB 1,084.82
Army tax: RUB 17.85 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 335.10
Total revenue: RUB 1,437.77
Large livestock: 120
Small livestock: 200
Units of water for irrigation: 4⅘
17. Zilfaghar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 15.28 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 561.39 D
Yaylaks: 66.00 D
Total land: 652.67 D
Total households: 79 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,191.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,162.82
Army tax: RUB 211.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 262.61
Total revenue: RUB 1,637.08
Large livestock: 149
Small livestock: 228
Units of water for irrigation: 10⅖

194

Part II

18. Najaf-`Ali
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 61.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 150.60 D
Total land: 231.60 D
Total households: 112 (101
Armenian and 11 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,752.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,414.36
Army tax: RUB 25.50 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 203.66
Total revenue: RUB 1,643.52
Large livestock: 70
Small livestock: 105
Units of water for irrigation: 2⅗
19. Kızıl-Zakir
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 484.00 D
Yaylaks: 32.00 D
Total land: 525.75 D
Total households: 82 (49 Tatar and
33 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,932.20
Total land taxes: RUB 947.38
Army tax: RUB 94.35 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 205.69
Total revenue: RUB 1,247.42
Large livestock: 64
Small livestock: 103
Units of water for irrigation: 3⅖
20. Amarat
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 18.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 243.00 D
Yaylaks: 68.00 D
Total land: 335.00 D
Total households: 40.00 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,970.80

Total land taxes: RUB 569.52
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 123.14
Total revenue: RUB 776.81
Large livestock: 62
Small livestock: 54
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅖
21. Hoseynkend
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.44 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 85.12 D
Yaylaks: 20.00 D
Total land: 111.56 D
Total households: 28.00 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,922.80
Total land taxes: RUB 183.43
Army tax: RUB 56.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 85.20
Total revenue: RUB 324.73
Large livestock: 52
Small livestock: 40
Units of water for irrigation: 2
Yaiji Commune
22. Yaiji
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 19.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 997.24 D
Total land: 1,026.29 D
Total households: 226 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 21,002.80
Total land taxes: RUB 2,003.30
Army tax: RUB 425.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,005.71
Total revenue: RUB 3,434.86
Large livestock: 546
Small livestock: 110
Units of water for irrigation: 15⅗
23. Sari-Choban
Ownership: Treasury/Private

Table III
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 296.33 D
Yaylaks: 118.00 D
Total land: 424.41 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,207.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,005.18
Army tax: RUB 132.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 600.98
Total revenue: RUB 1,738.76
Large livestock: 116
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅖
24. Kazanchi
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 579 D
Yaylaks: 28.00 D
Total land: 619.60 D
Total households: 121.00 (All
Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,946.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,139.51
Army tax: RUB 270.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,086.94
Total revenue: RUB 2,496.75
Large livestock: 205
Small livestock: 286
Units of water for irrigation: 9¾
25. Kitı
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 79.50 D
Yaylaks: 949.00 D
Total land: 1,040.00 D
Total households: 29 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,150.90
Total land taxes: RUB 205.14
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 150.40
Total revenue: RUB 386.04

195

Large livestock: 96
Small livestock: 233
Units of water for irrigation: 2⅖
26. Arabkirlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 476.67 D
Yaylaks: 405.00 D
Total land: 911.88 D
Total households: 102 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,376.40
Total land taxes: RUB 2,273.62
Army tax: RUB 242.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 516.10
Total revenue: RUB 2,931.97
Large livestock: 301
Small livestock: 273
Units of water for irrigation: 4⅖
27. Oba
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 39.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 346.00 D
Yaylaks: 86.00 D
Total land: 481.00 D
Total households: 101 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,308.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,286.13
Army tax: RUB 183.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 300.04
Total revenue: RUB 1,769.77
Large livestock: 265
Small livestock: 215
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅖
28. `Ali-Qamarlu
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 103.00 D

196

Part II

Irrigated plowed fields: 642.00 D
Yaylaks: 172.00 D
Total land: 939.00 D
Total households: 245 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,217.15
Total land taxes: RUB 1,509.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 704.77
Total revenue: RUB 2,214.29
Large livestock: 303
Small livestock: 390
Units of water for irrigation: 15⅗
29. Kasumjan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 9.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 314.96 D
Yaylaks: 10.00 D
Total land: 340.21 D
Total households: 83 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,879.20
Total land taxes: RUB 656.18
Army tax: RUB 137.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 215.04
Total revenue: RUB 1,008.92
Large livestock: 183
Small livestock: 100
Units of water for irrigation: 6
30. Kuzikulan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 320.00 D
Yaylaks: 21.00 D
Total land: 356.50 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,053.10
Total land taxes: RUB 672.74
Army tax: RUB 94.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 163.40
Total revenue: RUB 930.49
Large livestock: 109
Small livestock: 139

Units of water for irrigation: 5¾
31. Khosh-Khabar [Hoşhaber]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 367.50 D
Yaylaks: 231.00 D
Total land: 631.50 D
Total households: 136 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,681.10
Total land taxes: RUB 1,158.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 706.60
Total revenue: RUB 1,864.78
Large livestock: 495
Small livestock: 604
Units of water for irrigation: 5
32. Aghaver
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 181.00 D
Yaylaks: 247.00 D
Total land: 439.50 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,110.70
Total land taxes: RUB 392.10
Army tax: RUB 104.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 351.81
Total revenue: RUB 848.46
Large livestock: 265
Small livestock: 215
Units of water for irrigation: 3⅗
33. Charukhchi (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.38 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 118.05 D
Total land: 122.43 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,399.80
Total land taxes: RUB 480.35

Table III
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 109.45
Total revenue: RUB 655.51
Large livestock: 161
Small livestock: 264
Units of water for irrigation: 2
34. Külluk
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 16.32 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,144.17 D
Yaylaks: 152.00 D
Total land: 1,334.30 D
Total households: 165 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 24,117.30
Total land taxes: RUB 5,051.99
Army tax: RUB 344.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 554.68
Total revenue: RUB 5,230.92
Large livestock: 469
Small livestock: 670
Units of water for irrigation: 24
35. Agh-Mahmed
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 664.00 D
Yaylaks: 10.00 D
Total land: 676.00 D
Total households: 130 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 13,664.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,082.82
Army tax: RUB 267.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 648.15
Total revenue: RUB 2,998.72
Large livestock: 164
Small livestock: 112
Units of water for irrigation: 10
36. Charukhchi (Lower)
Ownership: Private
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.12 D
Total land: 17.12 D

197

Total households: 4 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 342.40
Total land taxes: RUB 32.65
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 33.97
Total revenue: RUB 89.57
Units of water for irrigation: 2
`Ali-Kochak Commune
37. Kara-Köy
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 139.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,932.00 D
Total land: 2,075.00 D
Total households: 53 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,483.80
Total land taxes: RUB 310.82
Army tax: RUB 90.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 250.48
Total revenue: RUB 561.82
Large livestock: 313
Small livestock: 1,718
38. `Ali-Kochak
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 326.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 130.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.70 D
Yaylaks: 179.00 D
Total land: 661.70 D
Total households: 69 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,362.30
Total land taxes: RUB 913.80
Army tax: RUB 70.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 236.36
Total revenue: RUB 1,220.54
Large livestock: 221
Small livestock: 532
Units of water for irrigation: 6

198

Part II

39. Kharaba Mazra
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 54.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 98.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.71 D
Yaylaks: 112.00 D
Total land: 269.16 D
Total households: 17 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,236.55
Total land taxes: RUB 259.02
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 73.48
Total revenue: RUB 355.45
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 380
Units of water for irrigation: 1½
40. Bandeh-Morad (Upper)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 60.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,182.00 D
Total land: 1,352.00 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,906.20
Total land taxes: RUB 181.81
Army tax: RUB 5.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 45.14
Total revenue: RUB 232.56
Large livestock: 65
Small livestock: 112
Units of water for irrigation: 4
41. Günda
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 141.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 545.82 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 55.50 D
Total land: 757.93 D

Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,864.37
Total land taxes: RUB 368.60
Army tax: RUB 8.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 87.44
Total revenue: RUB 464.20
Large livestock: 96
Small livestock: 255
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅕
42. Mucha
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 73.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,991.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 3,318.50 D
Total households: 40 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,166.60
Total land taxes: RUB 562.71
Army tax: RUB 20.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 313.78
Total revenue: RUB 896.89
Large livestock: 220
Small livestock: 840
Units of water for irrigation: 1⅖
43. Orgov
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 11.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,719.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,929.00 D
Total land: 4,714.80 D
Total households: 43 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,510.50
Total land taxes: RUB 316.42
Army tax: RUB 41.43
Upkeep of officials: RUB 125.24
Total revenue: RUB 483.09
Large livestock: 99

Table III
Small livestock: 1,134
44. Bazarkhana
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 19.70 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,568.00 D
Kishlaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 2,009.70 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 582.40
Total land taxes: RUB 122.00
Army tax: RUB 11.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.36
Total revenue: RUB 169.57
Large livestock: 160
Small livestock: 531
45. Kara-Güney
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 607.00 D
Kishlaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 1,148.00 D
Total households: 12 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 464.70
Total land taxes: RUB 97.35
Army tax: RUB 13.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 44.44
Total revenue: RUB 155.49
Large livestock: 144
Small livestock: 265
46. Zorı
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 103.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 425.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 103.80 D
Yaylaks: 1,888.00 D
Total land: 2,525.18 D
Total households: 61 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,983.12

199

Total land taxes: RUB 834.37
Army tax: RUB 100.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 385.96
Total revenue: RUB 1,321.31
Large livestock: 335
Small livestock: 1,447
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅕
47. Dibaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 60.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 85.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Yaylaks: 651.00 D
Total land: 807.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,086.48
Total land taxes: RUB 227.60
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 111.02
Total revenue: RUB 366.16
Large livestock: 161
Small livestock: 301
Units of water for irrigation: 2
48. Bandeh-Morad (Lower)
(also known as Alexanderabad)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 136.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 158.17 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 73.50 D
Total land: 378.67 D
Total households: 12 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,048.37
Total land taxes: RUB 290.77
Army tax: RUB 6.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.40
Total revenue: RUB 349.29
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 503
Units of water for irrigation: 2

200

Part II

49. Karavansaray
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 106.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 25.20 D
Yaylaks: 444.00 D
Kishlaks: 150.00 D
Total land: 728.20 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 666.40
Total land taxes: RUB 139.60
Army tax: RUB 26.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 72.72
Total revenue: RUB 238.60
Large livestock: 197
Small livestock: 403
50. Orushmish
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 93.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 30.33 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 236.00 D
Kishlaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 462.66 D
Total households: 25 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,659.53
Total land taxes: RUB 347.63
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.32
Total revenue: RUB 535.79
Large livestock: 157
Small livestock: 380
Units of water for irrigation: 4
51. Garmashov
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 226.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 75.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,683.00 D
Total land: 1,987.50 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)

Total income: RUB 2,367.30
Total land taxes: RUB 495.90
Army tax: RUB 32.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 88.88
Total revenue: RUB 616.90
Large livestock: 251
Small livestock: 1,603
52. Charsala
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 202.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 48.00 D
Yaylaks: 805.00 D
Kishlaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 1,356.00 D
Total households: 17 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 2,066.90
Total land taxes: RUB 432.96
Army tax: RUB 24.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 68.68
Total revenue: RUB 526.46
Large livestock: 178
Small livestock: 556
53. Asma
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 172.83 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 52.50 D
Yaylaks: 2,217.00 D
Total land: 2444.33 D
Total households: 35 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,874.84
Total land taxes: RUB 392.72
Army tax: RUB 29.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 96.96
Total revenue: RUB 619.56
Large livestock: 282
Small livestock: 1,547
54. Kujakh [Kucak]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 141.40 D

Table III
Unirrigated fodder fields: 81.00 D
Yaylaks: 999.00 D
Total land: 1,223.40 D
Total households: 24 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,644.10
Total land taxes: RUB 156.83
Army tax: RUB 8.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 96.96
Total revenue: RUB 261.95
Large livestock: 181
Small livestock: 1,167
55. Sichanlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 71.48 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 125.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 36.10 D
Yaylaks: 830.10 D
Total land: 1,064.68 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,343.71
Total land taxes: RUB 223.55
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 55.60
Total revenue: RUB 289.35
Large livestock: 114
Small livestock: 262
Units of water for irrigation: 1¾
56. Güngermaz (also known as
Pirakhat)
Ownership: Personal
Yaylaks: 1,065.00 D
Total land: 1,065.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,742.00
Total land taxes: RUB 128.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 72.72
Total revenue: RUB 200.72
Large livestock: 228
Small livestock: 550
57. Dashluja
Ownership: Private

201

Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 82.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 571.71 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 13.00 D
Yaylaks: 418.00 D
Total land: 1,087.21 D
Total households: 17 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,347.79
Total land taxes: RUB 319.32
Army tax: RUB 8.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 63.92
Total revenue: RUB 391.91
Large livestock: 105
Small livestock: 237
Units of water for irrigation: 4⅕
58. Zaga-Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Kishlaks: 431.00 D
Total land: 442.00 D
Total households: 4 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 226.40
Total land taxes: RUB 47.43
Army tax: RUB 10.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 20.20
Total revenue: RUB 77.85
Large livestock: 42
Small livestock: 174
59. Kara-Gasar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 26.11 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 609.00 D
Total land: 638.11 D
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 466.55
Total land taxes: RUB 97.92
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 21.20
Total revenue: RUB 126.57
Large livestock: 52

202

Part II

Small livestock: 151
Units of water for irrigation: 2
60. Kızıl-Kula
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 209.00 D
Yaylaks: 784.00 D
Total land: 996.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,344.40
Total land taxes: RUB 128.22
Army tax: RUB 16.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 347.74
Total revenue: RUB 492.28
Large livestock: 114
Small livestock: 126
61. Kushchi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 155.35 D
Yaylaks: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 542.00 D
Total land: 744.35 D
Total households: 24 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 908.60
Total land taxes: RUB 190.34
Army tax: RUB 36.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 101.00
Total revenue: RUB 327.84
Large livestock: 133
Small livestock: 511

Second Police Prefecture
Aralık Commune
62. Aralık-Bashkend [Aralık]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D

Orchards and vineyards: 4.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,112.95 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 242.00 D
Yaylaks: 960.00 D
Total land: 2,349.00 D
Total households: 333 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 40,626.90
Total land taxes: RUB 8,510.35
Army tax: RUB 665.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,621.21
Total revenue: RUB 10,797.11
Large livestock: 1,005
Small livestock: 1,088
Units of water for irrigation: 12
63. Aralık Sirbogan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 450.57 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.50 D
Yaylaks: 7.50 D
Total land: 496.10 D
Total households: 169 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,069.70
Total land taxes: RUB 3,366.21
Army tax: RUB 295.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 505.31
Total revenue: RUB 4,167.32
Large livestock: 495
Small livestock: 454
Units of water for irrigation: 5⅖
64. Aratan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 265.17 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 81.00 D
Yaylaks: 113.00 D
Total land: 468.17 D
Total households: 68 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9733.25
Total land taxes: RUB 2,038.87
Army tax: RUB 158.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 296.64

Table III
Total revenue: RUB 2,393.61
Large livestock: 211
Small livestock: 86
Units of water for irrigation: 5
65. Akhura
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 315.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 36.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,663.00 D
Total land: 2,024.00 D
Total households: 50 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,066.78
Total land taxes: RUB 642.42
Army tax: RUB 130.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 198.28
Total revenue: RUB 970.75
Large livestock: 286
Small livestock: 721
Units of water for irrigation: 4
66. `Ali-Kızıl
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 20.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 261.65 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 31.50 D
Yaylaks: 248.00 D
Total land: 573.15 D
Total households: 71 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,677.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,398.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 584.00
Total revenue: RUB 1,982.72
Large livestock: 211
Small livestock: 160
Units of water for irrigation: 6
67. Gedaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 268.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 121.00 D

203

Yaylaks: 47.00 D
Total land: 446.00 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,669.70
Total land taxes: RUB 978.20
Army tax: RUB 145.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 299.12
Total revenue: RUB 1,422.67
Large livestock: 341
Small livestock: 1,876
Units of water for irrigation: 3
68. Jutluk
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 479.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.60 D
Yaylaks: 529.00 D
Total land: 1,081.97 D
Total households: 138 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 17,550.40
Total land taxes: RUB 2,208.37
Army tax: RUB 280.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 392.81
Total revenue: RUB 2,881.68
Large livestock: 460
Small livestock: 223
Units of water for irrigation: 5
69. Karabaghlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 130.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 123.75 D
Yaylaks: 18.00 D
Total land: 278.75 D
Total households: 53 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,598.55
Total land taxes: RUB 544.33
Army tax: RUB 71.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 352.67
Total revenue: RUB 968.91
Large livestock: 384
Small livestock: 383

204

Part II

Units of water for irrigation: 1⅖
70. Ramazankend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 439.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 99.00 D
Yaylaks: 521.00 D
Total land: 1,066.00 D
Total households: 72 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,160.10
Total land taxes: RUB 1,499.86
Army tax: RUB 94.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 768.77
Total revenue: RUB 2,381.49
Large livestock: 179
Small livestock: 186
Units of water for irrigation: 6
71. Sarachlu-Prcho
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 204.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 96.00 D
Yaylaks: 601.00 D
Total land: 920.00 D
Total households: 60 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,676.10
Total land taxes: RUB 770.05
Army tax: RUB 122.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 316.26
Total revenue: RUB 1,208.71
Large livestock: 197
Small livestock: 37
Units of water for irrigation: ½
72. Sarachlu Haji-Aqa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 42.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 420.00 D
Total land: 576.00 D
Total households: 71 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,228.00

Total land taxes: RUB 257.23
Army tax: RUB 130.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 341.13
Total revenue: RUB 728.41
Large livestock: 274
Small livestock: 307
Units of water for irrigation: ½
73. Eminja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 141.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.00 D
Yaylaks: 11.00 D
Total land: 172.00 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,213.10
Total land taxes: RUB 403.59
Army tax: RUB 44.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.23
Total revenue: RUB 653.19
Units of water for irrigation: 2
Dashburun Commune
74. Karim-Beglu [Kerimbeyli]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 130.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.50 D
Yaylaks: 419.23 D
Total land: 567.53 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,739.42
Total land taxes: RUB 573.84
Army tax: RUB 66.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 94.76
Total revenue: RUB 734.90
Large livestock: 41
Small livestock: 66
Units of water for irrigation: 3
75. Gegjalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D

Table III
Orchards and vineyards: 1.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 324.14 D
Total land: 333.30 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,584.40
Total land taxes: RUB 1,379.27
Army tax: RUB 147.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 151.24
Total revenue: RUB 1,678.41
Large livestock: 121
Small livestock: 74
Units of water for irrigation: 4⅗
76. Hasan-Khan [Hasanhan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 449.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 127.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,288.00 D
Total land: 1,876.60 D
Total households: 74 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,803.80
Total land taxes: RUB 2,053.66
Army tax: RUB 186.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 516.53
Total revenue: RUB 2,756.34
Large livestock: 147
Units of water for irrigation: 6⅗
77. Dashburun [Taşburun]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 50.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,534.00 D
Yaylaks: 310.00 D
Total land: 1,924.50 D
Total households: 286 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 33,886.21
Total land taxes: RUB 7,098.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,056.36

205

Total revenue: RUB 8,154.65
Large livestock: 258
Small livestock: 355
Units of water for irrigation: 13
78. Jannatabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 460.00 D
Yaylaks: 344.00 D
Total land: 824.00 D
Total households: 161 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,214.40
Total land taxes: RUB 3,396.52
Army tax: RUB 247.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 290.49
Total revenue: RUB 3,734.36
Large livestock: 58
Small livestock: 6
Units of water for irrigation: 5⅗
79. Karakoyunlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 35.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,281.72 D
Yaylaks: 2,001.50 D
Total land: 3,324.72 D
Total households: 272 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 26,364.55
Total land taxes: RUB 2,566.05
Army tax: RUB 538.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 992.10
Total revenue: RUB 4,096.20
Large livestock: 206
Small livestock: 705
Units of water for irrigation: 24⅖
80. Krachbagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 75.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 60.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,442.00 D
Total land: 1,581.00 D

206

Part II

Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,585.20
Total land taxes: RUB 332.05
Army tax: RUB 26.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 81.77
Total revenue: RUB 469.92
Large livestock: 142
Small livestock: 372
Units of water for irrigation: 1⅗
81. Diza Suleymanabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.04 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,126.14 D
Yaylaks: 1,222.39 D
Total land: 2,384.57 D
Total households: 219 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 40,009.54
Total land taxes: RUB 8,381.04
Army tax: RUB 250.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 429.91
Total revenue: RUB 9,061.87
Large livestock: 292
Small livestock: 132
Units of water for irrigation: 13⅕
82. Öküzlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.07 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 39.50 D
Kishlaks: 315.00 D
Total land: 372.57 D
Total households: 10 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 572.55
Total land taxes: RUB 119.94
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 25.99
Total revenue: RUB 168.88
Large livestock: 44
Small livestock: 5
Units of water for irrigation: ½

83. Safar-Qoli
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 104.35 D
Yaylaks: 11.72 D
Total land: 118.70 D
Total households: 12 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,096.17
Total land taxes: RUB 199.93
Army tax: RUB 28.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.50
Total revenue: RUB 414.48
Large livestock: 14.00
Small livestock: 21.00
Units of water for irrigation: 2⅕
84. Tokhanshalu-Bayat
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 445.43 D
Total land: 454.43 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,000.60
Total land taxes: RUB 858.49
Army tax: RUB 163.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.23
Total revenue: RUB 1,189.97
Large livestock: 63
Small livestock: 143
Units of water for irrigation: 8⅘
85. Tokhanshalu-Qajar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.29 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 925.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.00 D
Yaylaks: 420.00 D
Total land: 1,378.19 D
Total households: 178 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 32,660.90
Total land taxes: RUB 6,841.67
Army tax: RUB 283.05

Table III
Upkeep of officials: RUB 348.25
Total revenue: RUB 7,472.97
Large livestock: 257
Small livestock: 349
Units of water for irrigation: 14
86. `Ali-Jan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 93.00 D
Yaylaks: 262.51 D
Total land: 357.51 D
Total households: 29 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,429.25
Total land taxes: RUB 299.40
Army tax: RUB 35.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.49
Total revenue: RUB 371.59
Large livestock: 24
Small livestock: 1
Units of water for irrigation: 1⅘
87. Shirachi
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.76 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Yaylaks: 12.35 D
Total land: 167.78 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,322.88
Total land taxes: RUB 221.55
Army tax: RUB 73.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.62
Total revenue: RUB 361.12
Large livestock: 61
Small livestock: 111
Units of water for irrigation: 2⅖
Radikin Commune

207

Kishlaks: 1,675.00 D
Total land: 1,691.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 747.00
Total land taxes: RUB 156.47
Army tax: RUB 36.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.80
Total revenue: RUB 337.43
Large livestock: 183
Small livestock: 627
89. `Ali-Kızıl
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,802.00 D
Total land: 1,813.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 773.80
Total land taxes: RUB 162.08
Army tax: RUB 32.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 127.10
Total revenue: RUB 322.16
Large livestock: 355
Small livestock: 2,181
90. Aratan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 19.00 D
Total land: 67.00 D
Total households: 17 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 244.60
Total land taxes: RUB 51.24
Army tax: RUB 48.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 123.52
Total revenue: RUB 223.72
Large livestock: 138
Small livestock: 490

88. Alatlu

91. Atija

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 13.00 D

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D

208

Part II

Kishlaks: 391.00 D
Total land: 398.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 189.40
Total land taxes: RUB 39.67
Army tax: RUB 11.04
Upkeep of officials: RUB 44.45
Total revenue: RUB 95.16
Large livestock: 36
Small livestock: 213

Total land taxes: RUB 21.20
Army tax: RUB 17.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 98.52
Total revenue: RUB 137.12
Large livestock: 117
Small livestock: 370
95. Beri

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Total land: 2.00 D
Total households: 1 (Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 8.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1.67
Army tax: RUB 8.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 26.01
Total revenue: RUB 36.25

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.00 D
Kishlaks: 392.00 D
Total land: 413.00 D
Total households: 24 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 255.20
Total land taxes: RUB 53.46
Army tax: RUB 26.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 171.59
Total revenue: RUB 251.48
Large livestock: 331
Small livestock: 1,463

93. Banushtuk

96. Bulagh-Bashi

92. Akhura

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.80 D
Kishlaks: 185.12 D
Total land: 189.50 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 94.95
Total land taxes: RUB 19.88
Army tax: RUB 10.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 58.10
Total revenue: RUB 88.21
Large livestock: 61
Small livestock: 463
94. Barbara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Kishlaks: 218.00 D
Total land: 221.00 D
Total households: 17 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 101.20

RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 56.30 D
Kishlaks: 2,809.70 D
Total land: 2,871.00 D
Total households: 41 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,425.38
Total land taxes: RUB 298.57
Army tax: RUB 41.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 277.21
Total revenue: RUB 617.26
Large livestock: 841
Small livestock: 1,070
97. Gaso-Peysakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.00 D
Kishlaks: 3,407.00 D

Table III
Total land: 3,430.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,472.80
Total land taxes: RUB 308.53
Army tax: RUB 47.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 213.34
Total revenue: RUB 562.27
Large livestock: 225
Small livestock: 3,745
98. Gomik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Kishlaks: 541.00 D
Total land: 563.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 324.40
Total land taxes: RUB 67.96
Army tax: RUB 12.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 90.70
Total revenue: RUB 171.04
Large livestock: 146
Small livestock: 978
99. Giavro
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.75 D
Kishlaks: 746.16 D
Total land: 754.91 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 340.21
Total land taxes: RUB 74.27
Army tax: RUB 51.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 53.64
Total revenue: RUB 176.26
100. Hasankhan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Kishlaks: 225.00 D
Total land: 227.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 98.00

209

Total land taxes: RUB 20.53
Army tax: RUB 16.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 84.99
Total revenue: RUB 122.02
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 1,500
101. Diza
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.00 D
Kishlaks: 517.00 D
Total land: 537.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 304.80
Total land taxes: RUB 63.85
Army tax: RUB 32.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 99.30
Total revenue: RUB 196.13
Large livestock: 283
Small livestock: 2,243
102. Karagajalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 44.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,440.00 D
Total land: 1,491.00 D
Total households: 32 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 823.00
Total land taxes: RUB 173.61
Army tax: RUB 64.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 211.22
Total revenue: RUB 448.09
Large livestock: 385
Small livestock: 2,655
103. Korgan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 90.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,184.00 D
Total land: 1,277.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 935.60

210

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 195.98
Army tax: RUB 12.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.65
Total revenue: RUB 261.24
Large livestock: 250
Small livestock: 470
104. Koby (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,139.14 D
Total land: 1,158.14 D
Total households: 35 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 718.65
Total land taxes: RUB 150.54
Army tax: RUB 60.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 227.60
Total revenue: RUB 438.90
Large livestock: 209
Small livestock: 938
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
(shared with Lower Kobi, no 105)
105. Koby (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 18 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.25 D
Kishlaks: 984.3 D
Total land: 1,015.55 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 727.97
Total land taxes: RUB 155.78
Army tax: RUB 39.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 165.33
Total revenue: RUB 357.82
Large livestock: 123
Small livestock: 522
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Upper Kobi, no 104)
106. Kabakh I and II
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D

Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,359.00 D
Total land: 1,406.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 766.60
Total land taxes: RUB 162.68
Army tax: RUB 16.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 68.36
Total revenue: RUB 247.87
Large livestock: 90
Small livestock: 432
107. Makhso-Zilo
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Kishlaks: 392.00 D
Total land: 401.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 200.80
Total land taxes: RUB 42.07
Army tax: RUB 14.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 71.85
Total revenue: RUB 128.10
Large livestock: 55
Small livestock: 172
108. Krachbakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Total land: 3.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 12.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2.51
Army tax: RUB 18.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 60.86
Total revenue: RUB 81.91
Large livestock: 74
Small livestock: 1,600
109. Kyafir-Köy
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 33.75 D
Kishlaks: 1,417.25 D

Table III
Total land: 1,453.00 D
Total households: 27 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 743.65
Total land taxes: RUB 155.78
Army tax: RUB 27.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 176.50
Total revenue: RUB 359.61
Large livestock: 187
Small livestock: 2,610
110. Milo
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 1,646.50 D
Total land: 1,700.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 967.10
Total land taxes: RUB 202.58
Army tax: RUB 57.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 173.90
Total revenue: RUB 434.18
Large livestock: 174
Small livestock: 1,900
111. Öküzlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.13 D
Total land: 12.13 D
Total households: 5 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 58.65
Total land taxes: RUB 12.29
Army tax: RUB 10.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 32.05
Total revenue: RUB 54.66
Large livestock: 27
Small livestock: 111
112. Ramazankend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Total land: 1.00 D
Total households: 5 (All Kurdish)

211

Total income: RUB 4.00
Total land taxes: RUB 0.84
Army tax: RUB 10.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 40.64
Total revenue: RUB 51.80
Large livestock: 88
Small livestock: 558
113. Taza-Karagajalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Kishlaks: 226.00 D
Total land: 238.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 148.40
Total land taxes: RUB 31.08
Army tax: RUB 12.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 58.83
Total revenue: RUB 100.52
Large livestock: 86
Small livestock: 1,407
114. Tarash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.25 D
Kishlaks: 757.54 D
Total land: 770.79 D
Total households: 33 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 367.27
Total land taxes: RUB 76.93
Army tax: RUB 33.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 204.69
Total revenue: RUB 315.00
Large livestock: 366
Small livestock: 4,963
115. Khidırlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.50 D
Kishlaks: 1,026.50 D
Total land: 1,052.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)

212

Part II

Total income: RUB 535.10
Total land taxes: RUB 111.98
Army tax: RUB 14.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 155.44
Total revenue: RUB 281.94
Large livestock: 225
Small livestock: 3,058

Total income: RUB 265.20
Total land taxes: RUB 55.55
Army tax: RUB 22.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 84.17
Total revenue: RUB 161.75
Large livestock: 190
Small livestock: 2,284

116. Kharaba `Ali-Jan

119. Sheikh Mirza

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.50 D
Kishlaks: 292.50 D
Total land: 298.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 143.50
Total land taxes: RUB 30.05
Army tax: RUB 18.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.15
Total revenue: RUB 113.75
Large livestock: 121
Small livestock: 5,422

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 852.00 D
Total land: 890.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 573.80
Total land taxes: RUB 120.19
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 119.20
Total revenue: RUB 262.34
Large livestock: 123
Small livestock: 830

117. Chamurlu

120. Bilijan

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Kishlaks: 960.00 D
Total land: 1,008.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 621.00
Total land taxes: RUB 130.09
Army tax: RUB 72.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 212.20
Total revenue: RUB 414.45
Large livestock: 840
Small livestock: 3,185

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Kishlaks: 228.00 D
Total land: 236.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 130.20
Total land taxes: RUB 27.27
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 38.24
Total revenue: RUB 76.22
Large livestock: 85
Small livestock: 428

118. Chatın-Dara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Kishlaks: 493.00 D
Total land: 507.00 D
Total households: 14 (All Kurdish)

Third Police Prefecture
Kulpi Commune
121. Kyagin
Ownership: Private

Table III
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 209.95 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 365.00 D
Total land: 597.70 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,705.88
Total land taxes: RUB 167.70
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 96.82
Total revenue: RUB 288.59
Large livestock: 105
Small livestock: 56
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
122. Khadımlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 33.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.87 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Kishlaks: 589.00 D
Total land: 1,232.87 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,230.95
Total land taxes: RUB 257.86
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 101.22
Total revenue: RUB 397.33
Large livestock: 237
Small livestock: 247
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
123. Agarak
Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 235.90 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 288.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Yaylaks: 110.00 D
Total land: 656.00 D

213

Total households: 82 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 25,048.90
Total land taxes: RUB 769.62
Army tax: RUB 126.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 315.03
Total revenue: RUB 1,211.64
Large livestock: 590
Small livestock: 753
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
124. Suki
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 179.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 290.00 D
Total land: 499.00 D
Total households: 48 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,852.00
Total land taxes: RUB 336.58
Army tax: RUB 71.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 163.80
Total revenue: RUB 572.29
Large livestock: 275
Small livestock: 546
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
125. Kamıshlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 424.32 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,155.00 D
Total land: 2,596.32 D
Total households: 33 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,749.65
Total land taxes: RUB 548.40
Army tax: RUB 64.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 175.66
Total revenue: RUB 788.83
Large livestock: 157
Small livestock: 93
Units of water used for irrigation: 3

214

Part II

126. Pirlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 230.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,006.00 D
Total land: 1,246.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,790.60
Total land taxes: RUB 361.56
Army tax: RUB 36.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 115.58
Total revenue: RUB 398.28
Large livestock: 102
Small livestock: 231
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
127. Surmalu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.29 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 694.74 D
Yaylaks: 324.00 D
Total land: 1,037.03 D
Total households: 48 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,491.45
Total land taxes: RUB 523.82
Army tax: RUB 127.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 206.48
Total revenue: RUB 857.80
Large livestock: 200
Small livestock: 315
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
128. Turabi
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 356.00 D
Yaylaks: 496.00 D
Total land: 855.40 D
Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,425.60

Total land taxes: RUB 517.51
Army tax: RUB 68.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 178.23
Total revenue: RUB 764.59
Large livestock: 192
Small livestock: 400
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
129. Chinchavad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 80.00 D
Total land: 82.50 D
Total households: 12 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,264.00
Total land taxes: RUB 264.78
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 92.74
Total revenue: RUB 411.07
Large livestock: 100
Small livestock: 389
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
130. Kulpi (Koghb in Armenian)
[Tuzluça]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 60.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 42.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,214.64 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 297.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.50 D
Yaylaks: 3,950.36 D
Kishlaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 6,575.00 D
Total households: 521 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 22,919.64
Total land taxes: RUB 4,801.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,301.20
Total revenue: RUB 6,102.03

Table III
Large livestock: 1,344
Small livestock: 1,560
Units of water used for irrigation:
14
131. Kara-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 141.31 D
Yaylaks: 600.00 D
Total land: 743.31 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,312.59
Total land taxes: RUB 274.96
Army tax: RUB 25.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 68.32
Total revenue: RUB 368.78
Large livestock: 107
Small livestock: 158
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
Gülluja Commune
132. Gülluja
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 704.85 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 954.15 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Yaylaks: 3,274.00 D
Total land: 4,292.00 D
Total households: 135 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,321.65
Total land taxes: RUB 1,533.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 373.13
Total revenue: RUB 1,906.84
Large livestock: 269
Small livestock: 607
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

215

133. Molla Qamar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,183.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.55 D
Yaylaks: 234.00 D
Total land: 1,492.15 D
Total households: 78 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,845.36
Total land taxes: RUB 2,271.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 432.75
Total revenue: RUB 2,704.59
Large livestock: 145
Small livestock: 187
134. `Abbas-Gol [Abbasgöl]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 108.26 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 285.64 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.80 D
Yaylaks: 1,112.00 D
Total land: 1,553.70 D
Total households: 72 (66 Armenian
and 6 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,104.66
Total land taxes: RUB 650.35
Army tax: RUB 6.12 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 305.25
Total revenue: RUB 961.72
Large livestock: 223
Small livestock: 665
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
135. Tovuskün
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 302.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 143.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 52.50 D
Yaylaks: 1,972.00 D
Total land: 2,475.00 D
Total households: 65 (All Tatar)

216

Part II

Total income: RUB 6,161.20
Total land taxes: RUB 587.66
Army tax: RUB 19.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 195.47
Total revenue: RUB 803.02
Large livestock: 133
Small livestock: 280
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
136. `Ali-Kösa [Karaköse]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 220.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 338.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.75 D
Yaylaks: 1,154.00 D
Total land: 1,728.00 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,876.72
Total land taxes: RUB 812.05
Army tax: RUB 50.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 267.38
Total revenue: RUB 1,129.92
Large livestock: 82
Small livestock: 186
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¾
137. Inja
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 102.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 36.00 D
Total land: 152.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,601.60
Total land taxes: RUB 152.77
Army tax: RUB 11.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.38
Total revenue: RUB 332.88
Large livestock: 90
Small livestock: 155
Units of water used for irrigation: ½

138. Qaterlu (Lower)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 172.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 257.00 D
Total land: 439.00 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,653.70
Total land taxes: RUB 253.11
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 133.87
Total revenue: RUB 394.63
Large livestock: 133
Small livestock: 280
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
139. Qaterlu (Upper)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 101.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.50 D
Yaylaks: 715.00 D
Total land: 825.75 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,635.50
Total land taxes: RUB 155.98
Army tax: RUB 4.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 102.75
Total revenue: RUB 263.32
Large livestock: 25
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
140. Yaghly
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 112.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 595.00 D
Total land: 731.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,071.50
Total land taxes: RUB 102.19

Table III
Army tax: RUB 2.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 157.26
Total revenue: RUB 262.00
Large livestock: 40
Small livestock: 124
141. Gül Ahmed
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 33.53 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 90.00 D
Yaylaks: 452.00 D
Total land: 576.53 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,268.70
Total land taxes: RUB 121.01
Army tax: RUB 21.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 111.64
Total revenue: RUB 254.07
Large livestock: 26
Small livestock: 274
142. Akhundabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 51.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 81.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Yaylaks: 77.00 D
Total land: 221.00 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,477.70
Total land taxes: RUB 309.55
Army tax: RUB 35.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 213.68
Total revenue: RUB 558.42
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 215
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
143. Kharaba-Parchinis
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 153.90 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 273.68 D

217

Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.42 D
Yaylaks: 2,273.00 D
Total land: 2,714.00 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,694.62
Total land taxes: RUB 773.93
Army tax: RUB 74.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 271.88
Total revenue: RUB 1,120.78
Large livestock: 85
Small livestock: 96
Units of water used for irrigation:
2¾
144. Kalacha-Parchini
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 75.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 91.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 754.00 D
Total land: 937.50 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,835.10
Total land taxes: RUB 384.40
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 330.82
Total revenue: RUB 744.29
Large livestock: 39
Small livestock: 186
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
145. Kanzak (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 81.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 63.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.00 D
Yaylaks: 887.00 D
Total land: 1,036.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,578.70
Total land taxes: RUB 330.70
Army tax: RUB 32.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 112.13

218

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 474.96
Large livestock: 94
Small livestock: 110
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
146. Kuru-Aghach
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 48.56 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 294.57 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.87 D
Yaylaks: 1,511.00 D
Total land: 1,874.00 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,153.13
Total land taxes: RUB 451.19
Army tax: RUB 58.14
Upkeep of officials: RUB 269.75
Total revenue: RUB 779.08
Large livestock: 132
Small livestock: 255
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
147. Damurs-khan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 83.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 120.36 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 54.75 D
Yaylaks: 730.00 D
Total land: 990.11 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,081.19
Total land taxes: RUB 198.51
Army tax: RUB 45.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 285.26
Total revenue: RUB 526.67
Large livestock: 110
Small livestock: 218
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
148. Karajoran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 160.89 D

Unirrigated plowed fields: 39.84 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 54.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,272.00 D
Total land: 1,528.73 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,977.91
Total land taxes: RUB 623.79
Army tax: RUB 47.43
Upkeep of officials: RUB 190.39
Total revenue: RUB 861.61
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 129
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
149. Kaya-Kharaba
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 47.84 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 32.45 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 24.50 D
Yaylaks: 879.00 D
Total land: 985.79 D
Total households: 17 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,065.80
Total land taxes: RUB 223.25
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 184.00
Total revenue: RUB 436.32
Large livestock: 80
Small livestock: 150
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
150. Pirsakh
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 522.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 57.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 692.75 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,548.70
Total land taxes: RUB 624.57

Table III
Army tax: RUB 8.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 117.70
Total revenue: RUB 750.43
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 179
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
151. Gülabi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 87.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Yaylaks: 222.00 D
Total land: 354.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,515.20
Total land taxes: RUB 317.39
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.71
Total revenue: RUB 452.46
Large livestock: 41
Small livestock: 125
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
152. Kanzak (Lower)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.62 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 143.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 78.75 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Yaylaks: 249.00 D
Total land: 486.75 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,881.70
Total land taxes: RUB 274.86
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 260.50
Total revenue: RUB 578.20
Large livestock: 107
Small livestock: 218
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½

219

153. Kara-Koyunlu I
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 57.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.75 D
Yaylaks: 372.00 D
Total land: 650.45 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,800.05
Total land taxes: RUB 171.73
Army tax: RUB 6.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 226.11
Total revenue: RUB 403.96
Large livestock: 58
Small livestock: 88
Units of water used for irrigation: ¼
154. Kaya-Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 54.09 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 29.64 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Yaylaks: 795.00 D
Total land: 886.73 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,047.41
Total land taxes: RUB 219.41
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 103.55
Total revenue: RUB 350.50
Large livestock: 42
Small livestock: 49
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
Yezidi-Hasanli Commune
155. Aslanlu
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D

220

Part II

Unirrigated plowed fields: 194.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 140.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,087.00 D
Total land: 1,423.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,592.70
Total land taxes: RUB 151.90
Army tax: RUB 4.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 251.70
Total revenue: RUB 407.68
Large livestock: 330
Small livestock: 800
156. Yasti-Bulagh
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.61 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 59.61 D
Yaylaks: 1,110.00 D
Total land: 1,272.22 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 819.49
Total land taxes: RUB 78.16
Army tax: RUB 35.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 249.80
Total revenue: RUB 363.79
Large livestock: 434
Small livestock: 1,422
157. Ashik Hoseyn
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 32.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 65.12 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 227.00 D
Total land: 340.12 D
Total households: 12 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 842.18
Total land taxes: RUB 80.31
Army tax: RUB 21.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 138.80
Total revenue: RUB 240.27
Large livestock: 91
Small livestock: 52

Units of water used for irrigation: ½
158. Kharaba Karakhtin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 46.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 31.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,183.00 D
Total land: 1,326.00 D
Total households: 24 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 721.30
Total land taxes: RUB 151.10
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 203.20
Total revenue: RUB 481.84
Large livestock: 298
Small livestock: 814
159. Salakhai
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed lands: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 37.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.00 D
Yaylaks: 717.00 D
Total land: 780.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 367.70
Total land taxes: RUB 77.03
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 113.10
Total revenue: RUB 200.84
Large livestock: 65
Small livestock: 120
160. Tash-Uchan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 66.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Yaylaks: 321.00 D
Total land: 394.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 330.10
Total land taxes: RUB 69.05

Table III
Army tax: RUB 13.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 113.20
Total revenue: RUB 195.38
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 356
161. Kahraman-Kyalafasi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 49.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 624.00 D
Total land: 705.50 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 418.40
Total land taxes: RUB 87.65
Army tax: RUB 14.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 183.10
Total revenue: RUB 285.49
Large livestock: 127
Small livestock: 460
162. Kochbash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 98.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.56 D
Yaylaks: 733.00 D
Total land: 837.56 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 496.10
Total land taxes: RUB 103.93
Army tax: RUB 27.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 236.30
Total revenue: RUB 367.91
Large livestock: 213
Small livestock: 696
163. Damurskhan
Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 0.68 D
Total land: 0.68 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 2.72
Army tax: RUB 11.40

221

Upkeep of officials: RUB 69.30
Total revenue: RUB 80.70
Large livestock: 50
Small livestock: 240
164. Sovuk-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 135.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 34.00 D
Yaylaks: 716.00 D
Total land: 887.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 789.60
Total land taxes: RUB 164.40
Army tax: RUB 26.01
Upkeep of officials: RUB 296.20
Total revenue: RUB 478.61
Large livestock: 129
Small livestock: 249
165. Aluchalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 46.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 44.00 D
Yaylaks: 352.00 D
Total land: 444.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 631.20
Total land taxes: RUB 132.23
Army tax: RUB 14.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 213.10
Total revenue: RUB 360.07
Large livestock: 227
Small livestock: 633
166. Dash Kerpi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 48.63 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.80 D
Yaylaks: 450.00 D
Total land: 507.43 D
Total households: 12 (All Kurdish)

222

Part II

Total income: RUB 474.34
Total land taxes: RUB 99.36
Army tax: RUB 14.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.80
Total revenue: RUB 129.90
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 623
167. Astaflu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 141.44 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 349.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,280.00 D
Total land: 1,773.44 D
Total households: 47 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,016.52
Total land taxes: RUB 631.89
Army tax: RUB 71.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 471.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,175.22
Large livestock: 457
Small livestock: 1,993
168. Zarifkhana
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 71.77 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 186.22 D
Yaylaks: 1,087.00 D
Total land: 1,346.97 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurds)
Total income: RUB 1,334.70
Total land taxes: RUB 279.61
Army tax: RUB 34.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 227.90
Total revenue: RUB 541.71
Large livestock: 231
Small livestock: 1,088
169. Kırk-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 29.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 61.00 D

Yaylaks: 330.00 D
Total land: 421.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 458.00
Total land taxes: RUB 95.93
Army tax: RUB 35.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 90.00
Total revenue: RUB 202.21
Large livestock: 70
Small livestock: 426
170. Bash-Sinak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 73.74 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 109.47 D
Yaylaks: 600.00 D
Total land: 785.21 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,205.27
Total land taxes: RUB 252.50
Army tax: RUB 30.93
Upkeep of officials: RUB 155.00
Total revenue: RUB 438.40
Large livestock: 123
Small livestock: 1,094
171. Dutakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 105.27 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 62.16 D
Yaylaks: 885.00 D
Total land: 1,054.43 D
Total households: 34 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 828.38
Total land taxes: RUB 173.52
Army tax: RUB 35.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 229.70
Total revenue: RUB 438.45
Large livestock: 340
Small livestock: 1,776
172. Aslanlu (Pasture)
Ownership: Treasury

Table III
Total households: 9 (All Kurdish)
Large livestock: 135
Small livestock: 346
173. On-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 122.28 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 108.70 D
Yaylaks: 429.00 D
Total land: 661.98 D
Total households: 21 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,083.52
Total land taxes: RUB 226.97
Army tax: RUB 32.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 183.00
Total revenue: RUB 442.62
Large livestock: 266
Small livestock: 2,055
Jalali-Sakanli Commune
174. Nazravan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 68.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 600.00 D
Kishlaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 875.00 D
Total households: 34 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 445.00
Total land taxes: RUB 93.21
Army tax: RUB 32.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 238.60
Total revenue: RUB 364.41
Large livestock: 140
Small livestock: 238
175. Kara-Güney
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 24.41 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 135.00 D

223

Kishlaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 262.41 D
Total households: 21 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 165.14
Total land taxes: RUB 34.62
Army tax: RUB 17.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.10
Total revenue: RUB 237.85
Large livestock: 88
Small livestock: 278
176. Nakhran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 43.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 26.25 D
Yaylaks: 361.00 D
Total land: 451.85 D
Total households: 7 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 985.35
Total land taxes: RUB 206.41
Army tax: RUB 9.94
Upkeep of officials: RUB 135.90
Total revenue: RUB 352.25
Large livestock: 114
Small livestock: 554
177. Soghutlu
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 26.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 27.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.00 D
Kishlaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 277.25 D
Total households: 59 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 698.75
Total land taxes: RUB 146.37
Army tax: RUB 44.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 325.28
Total revenue: RUB 516.11

224

Part II

Large livestock: 258
Small livestock: 1,213
178. Kara-Kala
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Kishlaks: 70.00 D
Total land: 71.00 D
Total households: 26 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 32.00
Total land taxes: RUB 6.71
Army tax: RUB 32.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 225.53
Total revenue: RUB 264.48
Large livestock: 78
Small livestock: 407
179. Gegdash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 38.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.00 D
Yaylaks: 135.00 D
Kishlaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 286.90 D
Total households: 24 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 272.10
Total land taxes: RUB 57.00
Army tax: RUB 33.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 223.92
Total revenue: RUB 314.70
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 176
180. Kızıl-Kyalafa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 22.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Kishlaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 229.90 D
Total households: 11 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 175.60
Total land taxes: RUB 36.78

Army tax: RUB 8.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 125.40
Total revenue: RUB 171.04
Large livestock: 67
Small livestock: 164
Oghruja Commune
181. Jandarvish
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 107.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 46.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,202.00 D
Total land: 1,381.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,035.20
Total land taxes: RUB 426.33
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 128.42
Total revenue: RUB 597.59
Large livestock: 288
Small livestock: 531
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
182. Aghdız
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 29.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,183.00 D
Total land: 1,332.00 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,048.30
Total land taxes: RUB 219.60
Army tax: RUB 41.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 130.42
Total revenue: RUB 391.33
Large livestock: 238
Small livestock: 214
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

Table III
183. Hasankend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 39.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 70.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 599.00 D
Total land: 740.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,082.90
Total land taxes: RUB 226.84
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 57.70
Total revenue: RUB 307.49
Large livestock: 131
Small livestock: 100
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
184. Kyalaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 97.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 663.00 D
Total land: 790.00 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 751.30
Total land taxes: RUB 157.37
Army tax: RUB 19.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 70.38
Total revenue: RUB 247.64
Large livestock: 218
Small livestock: 109
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
185. Kum-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 34.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 98.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,433.00 D
Total land: 1,578.00 D

225

Total households: 29 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,104.30
Total land taxes: RUB 231.33
Army tax: RUB 48.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 124.36
Total revenue: RUB 404.65
Large livestock: 162
Small livestock: 208
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
186. Chichaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 22.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 191.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 28.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,037.00 D
Total land: 1,282.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,353.70
Total land taxes: RUB 346.57
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 132.98
Total revenue: RUB 456.33
Large livestock: 280
Small livestock: 340
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
187. Sariabdal
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 68.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Yaylaks: 902.00 D
Total land: 987.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 525.20
Total land taxes: RUB 110.01
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 82.62
Total revenue: RUB 221.70
Large livestock: 229

226

Part II

Small livestock: 150
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
188. Almalıkh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,093.00 D
Total land: 1,282.00 D
Total households: 26 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 900.30
Total land taxes: RUB 188.60
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 106.48
Total revenue: RUB 333.33
Large livestock: 212
Small livestock: 139
189. Karadash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 60.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.50 D
Yaylaks: 711.00 D
Total land: 790.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 537.60
Total land taxes: RUB 112.62
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 71.68
Total revenue: RUB 222.55
Large livestock: 160
Small livestock: 212
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
190. Kalacha
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 41.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 209.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,862.00 D
Total land: 2,170.00 D

Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,919.20
Total land taxes: RUB 402.02
Army tax: RUB 67.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 199.77
Total revenue: RUB 669.11
Large livestock: 549
Small livestock: 845
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
191. Kırk-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 16.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,227.00 D
Total land: 1,332.00 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,262.70
Total land taxes: RUB 264.50
Army tax: RUB 41.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 114.26
Total revenue: RUB 420.07
Large livestock: 344
Small livestock: 450
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
192. Grampa (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 130.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,180.00 D
Total land: 1,332.00 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,331.40
Total land taxes: RUB 278.90
Army tax: RUB 68.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.81
Total revenue: RUB 492.56
Large livestock: 244
Small livestock: 206
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

Table III
193. Mirzakhan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 42.00 D
Yaylaks: 136.00 D
Total land: 179.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 185.60
Total land taxes: RUB 38.88
Army tax: RUB 4.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 32.82
Total revenue: RUB 76.29
Large livestock: 127
Small livestock: 111
194. Shami
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 52.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 528.00 D
Total land: 592.00 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 316.80
Total land taxes: RUB 66.36
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 73.76
Total revenue: RUB 158.48
Large livestock: 169
Small livestock: 140
195. New Aghdash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 134.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.00 D
Yaylaks: 784.00 D
Total land: 937.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 707.40
Total land taxes: RUB 148.19
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 77.62
Total revenue: RUB 254.88

227

Large livestock: 117
Small livestock: 202
196. Parnaut
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.79 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 214.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 509.61 D
Yaylaks: 1,055.20 D
Total land: 1,788.50 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,427.63
Total land taxes: RUB 422.32
Army tax: RUB 70.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 330.58
Total revenue: RUB 823.29
Large livestock: 459
Small livestock: 619
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
197. Aqa-Beg
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 27.58 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 263.92 D
Total land: 295.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 474.09
Total land taxes: RUB 99.31
Army tax: RUB 9.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.87
Total revenue: RUB 145.36
Large livestock: 43
Small livestock: 82
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
198. Old Aghdash
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 797.45 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Yaylaks: 507.00 D

228

Part II

Total land: 1,353.45 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,481.50
Total land taxes: RUB 332.08
Army tax: RUB 36.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 157.52
Total revenue: RUB 526.52
Large livestock: 242
Small livestock: 124
199. Chirakhlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 18.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 256.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 502.00 D
Total land: 785.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,385.20
Total land taxes: RUB 132.13
Army tax: RUB 12.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 42.82
Total revenue: RUB 187.19
Large livestock: 122
Small livestock: 202
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
200. Kilichlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 131.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 16.00 D
Yaylaks: 833.40 D
Total land: 986.00 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 709.74
Total land taxes: RUB 148.67
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 69.60
Total revenue: RUB 248.87
Large livestock: 411
Small livestock: 416

201. Takatlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 229.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 29.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,662.00 D
Total land: 1,924.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,243.20
Total land taxes: RUB 260.42
Army tax: RUB 99.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 162.22
Total revenue: RUB 522.09
Large livestock: 348
Small livestock: 643
202. `Alikhanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 11.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 88.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.00 D
Yaylaks: 626.00 D
Total land: 739.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 646.60
Total land taxes: RUB 135.44
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 67.20
Total revenue: RUB 225.59
Large livestock: 154
Small livestock: 134
203. Grampa (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 22.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 147.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,396.00 D
Total land: 1,578.00 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,163.60
Total land taxes: RUB 244.45

Table III
Army tax: RUB 81.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 123.36
Total revenue: RUB 449.41
Large livestock: 210
Small livestock: 73
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
204. Oghruja
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 73.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 417.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.50 D
Yaylaks: 660.70 D
Total land: 1,178.00 D
Total households: 21 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,255.08
Total land taxes: RUB 215.10
Army tax: RUB 32.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 122.58
Total revenue: RUB 369.81
Large livestock: 301
Small livestock: 384
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
Radiki-Sinak Commune
205. Kara-Javeran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 45.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.00 D
Yaylaks: 371.00 D
Total land: 444.00 D
Total households: 11 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 507.66
Total land taxes: RUB 106.34
Army tax: RUB 14.68

229

Upkeep of officials: RUB 77.45
Total revenue: RUB 198.47
Large livestock: 102
Small livestock: 234
206. Kula
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 26.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 47.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 858.00 D
Kishlaks: 286.00 D
Total land: 1,233.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 854.20
Total land taxes: RUB 178.94
Army tax: RUB 37.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 169.42
Total revenue: RUB 385.98
Large livestock: 132
Small livestock: 289
207. Dibsız
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 11.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 53.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,154.00 D
Total land: 1,233.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 564.40
Total land taxes: RUB 118.23
Army tax: RUB 36.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 151.03
Total revenue: RUB 305.43
Large livestock: 158
Small livestock: 265
208. Ghazanfar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 33.00 D

230

Part II

Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Yaylaks: 837.00 D
Total land: 887.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 347.70
Total land taxes: RUB 72.83
Army tax: RUB 28.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 125.37
Total revenue: RUB 226.60
Large livestock: 172
Small livestock: 340
209. Karanlugh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 68.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 16.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 594.00 D
Total land: 690.00 D
Total households: 14 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 961.12
Total land taxes: RUB 201.32
Army tax: RUB 22.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 95.84
Total revenue: RUB 319.16
Large livestock: 94
Small livestock: 238
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
210. Kurdish Jivanlu
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 106.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Yaylaks: 624.50 D
Total land: 740.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 851.48
Total land taxes: RUB 178.37
Army tax: RUB 25.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 105.60

Total revenue: RUB 309.12
Large livestock: 168
Small livestock: 281
Units of water used for irrigation: ¾
211. Eshak-Meydan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 70.00 D
Kishlaks: 12.00 D
Total land: 94.00 D
Total households: 4 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 116.80
Total land taxes: RUB 11.15
Army tax: RUB 7.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.66
Total revenue: RUB 54.66
Large livestock: 54
Small livestock: 163
212. Pir-Damir
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.00 D
Yaylaks: 361.00 D
Kishlaks: 120.00 D
Total land: 593.00 D
Total households: 13 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 541.10
Total land taxes: RUB 113.34
Army tax: RUB 20.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 79.70
Total revenue: RUB 214.49
Large livestock: 192
Small livestock: 277
213. Tut (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 35.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.00 D

Table III
Yaylaks: 108.00 D
Kishlaks: 36.00 D
Total land: 197.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 639.20
Total land taxes: RUB 133.90
Army tax: RUB 9.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 57.04
Total revenue: RUB 200.14
Large livestock: 91
Small livestock: 342
214. Tut (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 0.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 211.00 D
Kishlaks: 72.50 D
Total land: 295.00 D
Total households: 7 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 156.10
Total land taxes: RUB 32.71
Army tax: RUB 7.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.92
Total revenue: RUB 93.47
Large livestock: 108
Small livestock: 277
215. Karnekh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 13.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 3.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.00 D
Yaylaks: 270.00 D
Total land: 295.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 282.50
Total land taxes: RUB 59.17
Army tax: RUB 9.81
Upkeep of officials: RUB 71.32
Total revenue: RUB 140.30
Large livestock: 85

231

Small livestock: 295
216. Osman-Köy
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 28.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 283.00 D
Kishlaks: 94.00 D
Total land: 447.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 485.90
Total land taxes: RUB 101.79
Army tax: RUB 17.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 67.45
Total revenue: RUB 185.54
Large livestock: 58
Small livestock: 86
217. Baghchajuk
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 194.00 D
Kishlaks: 70.00 D
Total land: 295.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 253.40
Total land taxes: RUB 53.09
Army tax: RUB 9.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 41.79
Total revenue: RUB 104.30
Large livestock: 75
Small livestock: 285
218. Inja-Su
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 34.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 7.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 220.00 D

232

Part II

Kishlaks: 70.00 D
Total land: 345.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 656.00
Total land taxes: RUB 137.42
Army tax: RUB 14.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 62.68
Total revenue: RUB 215.26
Large livestock: 85
Small livestock: 336
219. Ashari
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 70.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Yaylaks: 662.00 D
Total land: 740.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 384.20
Total land taxes: RUB 80.49
Army tax: RUB 25.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 98.10
Total revenue: RUB 203.74
Large livestock: 131
Small livestock: 327
220. Tatar Jivanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 30.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 11.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.00 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 246.00 D
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 430.40
Total land taxes: RUB 90.16
Army tax: RUB 7.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 28.16
Total revenue: RUB 126.17
Large livestock: 44
Small livestock: 21
Units of water used for irrigation: ¼

221. Tandurek
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 18.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 91.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 19.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,228.00 D
Total land: 1,361.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 871.80
Total land taxes: RUB 182.61
Army tax: RUB 42.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 175.63
Total revenue: RUB 400.83
Large livestock: 202
Small livestock: 402
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
222. Badılu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 53.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 16.00 D
Yaylaks: 917.00 D
Total land: 988.00 D
Total households: 20 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 487.35
Total land taxes: RUB 102.09
Army tax: RUB 31.43
Upkeep of officials: RUB 132.62
Total revenue: RUB 266.14
Large livestock: 103
Small livestock: 262
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
223. Kurdish Aghdash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 11.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 109.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.00 D
Yaylaks: 158.00 D
Total land: 296.00 D
Total households: 6 (All Kurdish)

Table III
Total income: RUB 529.35
Total land taxes: RUB 110.88
Army tax: RUB 8.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 46.79
Total revenue: RUB 135.77
Large livestock: 92
Small livestock: 243
224. Rahbat
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 47.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 13.00 D
Yaylaks: 286.00 D
Kishlaks: 96.00 D
Total land: 444.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 328.00
Total land taxes: RUB 68.70
Army tax: RUB 15.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 68.32
Total revenue: RUB 152.74
Large livestock: 90
Small livestock: 271
225. Sarı-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 44.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 106.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 19.00 D
Yaylaks: 913.00 D
Total land: 1,085.00 D
Total households: 22 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,025.84
Total land taxes: RUB 214.89
Army tax: RUB 29.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 149.89
Total revenue: RUB 394.76
Large livestock: 175
Small livestock: 244
226. Kazikoparan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D

233

Irrigated plowed fields: 55.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 35.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 775.00 D
Total land: 888.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 808.15
Total land taxes: RUB 169.29
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 97.47
Total revenue: RUB 294.30
Large livestock: 187
Small livestock: 263
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
227. Tazakchi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 52.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.00 D
Yaylaks: 371.00 D
Kishlaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 542.00 D
Total households: 11 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 947.10
Total land taxes: RUB 198.40
Army tax: RUB 12.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 62.68
Total revenue: RUB 273.28
Large livestock: 75
Small livestock: 262

234

Part II

Key totals for the district (all-rural district, 1907)2
Tatars: 6,015 households; 40,993 persons (22,172 male/18,821female); average
per household: 6.9
Armenians: 4,425 households; 29,027 persons (15,358 male/13,669 female);
average per household: 6.6
Kurds: 1,836 households; 19,341 persons (10,320 male/9,091 female); average
per household: 10.53
Total population: 89,361

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 For more details, see Chapter III.

Table IV – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Sharur-Daralagez
District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = Desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture
Zeyva Commune
1. Bash-Norashen [Şərur]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.39 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 82.39 D
Total land: 88.78 D
Total households: 45 (38 Tatar and
7 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 4,138.67
Total land taxes: RUB 400.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 244.72
Army tax: RUB 88.74
Total revenue: RUB 713.54

Large livestock: 154
Small livestock: 340
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
2. Zeyva [Zeyvə]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 18.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 393.96 D
Kishlaks 1,080.55 D
Total land: 1,494.50 D
Total households: 67 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,180.76
Total land taxes: RUB 1,566.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 354.92
Army tax: RUB 113.22
Total revenue: RUB 2,034.37
Large livestock: 176
Small livestock: 50
Units of water used for irrigation: 9

236

Part II

3. Dudanga [Düdənga]

Units of water used for irrigation: 7

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.64 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 332.26 D
Total land: 347.97 D
Total households: 146 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,663.42
Total land taxes: RUB 1,612.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 570.35
Army tax: RUB 224.91
Total revenue: RUB 2,408.21
Large livestock: 234
Small livestock: 188
Units of water used for irrigation: 7

6. Mughanjuk-Muslum [Muğanciq
Müslüm]

4. Kiurtchulu [Kürçülü]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 9.49 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 291.53 D
Kishlaks: 2.51 D
Total land: 304.96 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,740.78
Total land taxes: RUB 1,139.47
Upkeep of officials: RUB 484.15
Army tax: RUB 157.59
Total revenue: RUB 1,778.21
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
5. Sarukhanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.89 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.42 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 31.18 D
Total land: 33.49 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,596.17
Total land taxes: RUB 361.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 118.70
Army tax: RUB 73.95
Total revenue: RUB 554.25
Large livestock: 78
Small livestock: 130

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 95.20 D
Total land: 98.20 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,815.20
Total land taxes: RUB 369.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 121.77
Army tax: RUB 33.66
Total revenue: RUB 524.71
Large livestock: 88
Units of water used for irrigation:
5½
7. Mughanjuk-Mehrab [Muğanciq
Mehrab]
Ownership: Private
Irrigated plowed fields: 92.27 D
Total land: 92.27 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,690.80
Total land taxes: RUB 357.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 110.99
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Total revenue: RUB 508.01
Large livestock: 82
Small livestock: 23
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
8. Karkhun [Qarxun]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.67 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 188.45 D
Total land: 198.24 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,532.51
Total land taxes: RUB 2,159.53
Upkeep of officials: RUB 348.52
Army tax: RUB 160.65
Total revenue: RUB 2,668.70

Table IV
Large livestock: 236
Small livestock: 120
9. Siaghut [Siaqut]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.06 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.19 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 247.39 D
Kishlaks: 13.04 D
Total land: 268.68 D
Total households: 82 (49 Assyrian
and 33 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,351.30
Total land taxes: RUB 1,001.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 455.48
Army tax: RUB 48.96
Total revenue: RUB 1,506.41
Large livestock: 214
Small livestock: 92
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
10. Tatar Dash-Arkh [Yukharı
Daşarx]

237

Total land: 309.00 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,658.04
Total land taxes: RUB 257.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 277.65
Army tax: RUB 20.40
Total revenue: RUB 555.32
Large livestock: 100
12. Mahmudkend [Mahmudkənd]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.82 D
Total land: 8.82 D
13. Aksikend
Ownership: Private
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 45.64
Total revenue: RUB 45.64
Large livestock: 57
Small livestock: 55
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
14. Kıyalafa-Ağıl

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.99 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 118.90 D
Yaylaks: 161.00 D
Total land: 290.71 D
Total households: 31 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,430.83
Total land taxes: RUB 1,456.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 159.68
Army tax: RUB 79.05
Total revenue: RUB 1,695.59
Large livestock: 112
Small livestock: 136
Units of water used for irrigation: ½

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 413.70 D
Total land: 516.20 D
Total households: 31 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 348.87
Total land taxes: RUB 79.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 104.24
Army tax: RUB 79.05
Total revenue: RUB 262.35
Large livestock: 347
Small livestock: 940

11. Hamzali Diza [Həmzəli]

Orchards and vineyards: 5.34 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 182.25 D
Total land: 197.45 D
Total households: 91 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,591.46
Total land taxes: RUB 2,172.87

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 16.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 84.16 D
Kishlaks: 208.16 D

15. Kosajan2

238

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 303.71
Army tax: RUB 226.95
Total revenue: RUB 2,703 and 53
Large livestock: 179
Small Livestock: 65
Units of water used for irrigation:
7½
Ulya Norashen Commune3
16. Ulya Norashen
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.12 D
Orchards and vineyards: 34.96 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 425.88 D
Yaylaks: 135.00 D
Total land: 608.96 D
Total households: 191 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 24,438.86
Total land taxes: RUB 5,536.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,575.58
Total revenue: RUB 8,094.26
Large livestock: 228
Small livestock: 296
Units of water used for irrigation:
10½
Engija Commune
17. Engija [Yengicə]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 66.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 539.08 D
Total land: 638.30 D
Total households: 181 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 27,545.52
Total land taxes: RUB 6,240.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 816.26
Army tax: RUB 515.10
Total revenue: RUB 7,571.88

Large livestock: 386
Small livestock: 770
Units of water used for irrigation:
19
18. Shahriyar [Şəhriyar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.97 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 402.39 D
Kishlaks: 35.84 D
Total land: 463.76 D
Total households: 190 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 20,283.75
Total land taxes: RUB 4,595.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 447.94
Army tax: RUB 334.05
Total revenue: RUB 5,377.26
Large livestock: 480
Small livestock: 180
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
(shared with Korchlu, no. 40)
19. Alishar [Alışar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.95 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 273.73 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.44 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.25 D
Total land: 446.50 D
Total households: 100 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 13,534.80
Total land taxes: RUB 3,066.29
Upkeep of officials: RUB 419.52
Army tax: RUB 159.12
Total revenue: RUB 3,644.93
Large livestock: 482
Small livestock: 440
20. Chomakhtur [Çomaxtur]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.93 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 257.42 D
Total land: 306.55 D

Table IV
Total households: 97 (94 Tatar and
3 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 16,364.79
Total land taxes: RUB 3,707.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 410.83
Army tax: RUB 272.85
Total revenue: RUB 4,391.16
Large livestock: 697
Small livestock: 500
Units of water used for irrigation:
13½ (shared with Khalaj, no. 22)
21. Charchi-bogan [Çarci-boğan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.43 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 353.17 D
Kishlaks: 14.08 D
Total land: 383.42 D
Total households: 150 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,277.78
Total land taxes: RUB 3,687.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 433.37
Army tax: RUB 272.85
Total revenue: RUB 4,393.98
Large livestock: 335
Small livestock: 245
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
22. Khalaj [Xələc]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 218.83 D
Kishlaks: 24.75 D
Total land: 253.24 D
Total households: 75 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,944.78
Total land taxes: RUB 1,573.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 302.37
Army tax: RUB 198.90
Total revenue: RUB 2,074.67
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 45

239

Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Chomakhtur, no. 20)
23. Mughanlu [Muğanlı]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.70 D
Orchards and vineyards: 20.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 307.99 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2.08 D
Kishlaks: 14.58 D
Total land: 385.83 D
Total households: 74 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,716.87
Total land taxes: RUB 2,427.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 286.58
Army tax: RUB 116.28
Total revenue: RUB 2,830.78
Large livestock: 309
Small livestock: 140
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
24. Arbatan
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 147.66 D
Kishlaks: 30.00 D
Total land: 212.66 D
Total Households: 62 (60 Tatar and
2 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 4,695.30
Total land taxes: RUB 836.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 248.16
Army tax: RUB 165.75
Total revenue: RUB 1,250.53
Large livestock: 117
Units of water used for irrigation:
9½
25. Mahmed Sabur
Ownership: Personal
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 68.83
Total revenue: RUB 68.83
Large livestock: 44

240

Part II

Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
Pusiyan Commune
26. Pusiyan [Püsyan]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.55 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 393.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 269.76 D
Total land: 690.81 D
Total households: 181 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 13,247.75
Total land taxes: RUB 3,001.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 952.18
Army tax: RUB 377.40
Total revenue: RUB 4,330.80
Large livestock: 2,377
Small livestock: 3,087
Units of irrigation water: 12¾
27. Tazakend [Təzəkənd]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 173.40 D
Total land: 183.80 D
Total households: 45 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,233.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,185.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 345.81
Army tax: RUB 71.91
Total revenue: RUB 1,603.37
Large livestock: 1,260
Small livestock: 2,380
Units of water used for irrigation:
12¾
28. Diyadin
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.20 D

Irrigated plowed fields: 631.47 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.08 D
Total land: 650.00 D
Total households: 57 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 15,229.16
Total land taxes: RUB 1,474.14
Upkeep of officials: RUB 382.93
Army tax: RUB 82.62
Total revenue: RUB 1,939.69
Large livestock: 174
Small livestock: 183
Units of water used for irrigation:
15½ (shared with Tumaslu, no. 30)
29. Vaykhir [Vayxır]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.40 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 139.97 D
Total land: 153.57 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,430.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,003.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 315.52
Army tax: RUB 119.85
Total revenue: RUB 1,439.09
Large livestock: 208
Small livestock: 85
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
30. Tumaslu [Tumaslı Poçt Şöbəsi]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.35 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 131.35 D
Total land: 137.70 D
Total households: 78 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,365.62
Total land taxes: RUB 325.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 590.90
Army tax: RUB 116.28
Total revenue: RUB 1,032.95
Large livestock: 224

Table IV
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
(shared with Varmazyar, no. 46; see
Diyadin, no. 28)
31. Arab-Engija [Ərəbyenigicə]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 9.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 395.36 D
Kishlaks: 81.04 D
Total land: 487.30 D
Total households: 199 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,839.75
Total land taxes: RUB 952.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 919.72
Army tax: RUB 203.49
Total revenue: RUB 1,075.65
Large livestock: 253
Small livestock: 476
Units of water used for irrigation:
18
32. Kara-Hasanlu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.33 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.45 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 220.38 D
Total land: 230.16 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,730.64
Total land taxes: RUB 651.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 678.94
Army tax: RUB 183.60
Total revenue: RUB 1,514.02
Large livestock: 281
Small livestock: 70
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½
33. Ibadulla
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.72 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 102.91 D
Kishlaks: 40.41 D
Total land: 159.87 D

241

Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,236.76
Total land taxes: RUB 733.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 259.57
Army tax: RUB 96.90
Total revenue: RUB 1,089.74
Large livestock: 183
Small livestock: 60
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Kishlak `Abbas, no. 47)
Kara-Burj Commune
34. Sarachlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 252.16 D
Total land: 261.16 D
Total households: 34 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,287.80
Total land taxes: RUB 215.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 87.82
Army tax: RUB 86.70
Total revenue: RUB 1,389.85
Large livestock: 1,253
Small livestock: 1,065
35. Ortlu Tazakend
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 87.48 D
Yaylaks: 1,315.48 D
Total land: 1,418.96 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,798.14
Total land taxes: RUB 512.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,407.22
Army tax: RUB 132.60
Total revenue: RUB 2,052.66
Large livestock: 153
Small livestock: 182
Units of water used for irrigation:
14

242

Part II

36. Karim-Beglu [Kərimbəyli]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 38.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 104.14 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 51.63 D
Yaylaks: 319.48 D
Total land: 506.25 D
Total households: 81 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,371.65
Total land taxes: RUB 432.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 270.68
Army tax: RUB 262.65
Total revenue: RUB 967.53
Large livestock: 456
Small livestock: 820
37. Agh-Ahmad [Akhamad]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.83 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.95 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 396.49 D
Total land: 404.35 D
Total households: 153 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,198.94
Total land taxes: RUB 2,763.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 554.67
Army tax: RUB 311.10
Total revenue: RUB 3,629.39
Large livestock: 149
Small livestock: 201
38. Kara-Burj
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.54 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 232.16 D
Kishlaks: 104.18 D
Total land: 341.88 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,023.90
Total land taxes: RUB 1,201.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 304.40
Army tax: RUB 122.40
Total revenue: RUB 1,628.29
Large livestock: 54

Small livestock: 22
Units of water used for irrigation:
10
39. Kurdkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.94 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 225.65 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.39 D
Kishlaks: 3.51 D
Total land: 240.20 D
Total households: 81 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11.404.17
Total land taxes: RUB 2,583.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 276.71
Army tax: RUB 160.65
Total revenue: RUB 3,021.26
Large livestock: 65
Small livestock: 35
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
40. Korchlu (Qorçulu)
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 167.42 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 52.18 D
Kishlaks: 104.00 D
Total land: 333.60 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,856.71
Total land taxes: RUB 1,450.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 228.81
Army tax: RUB 67.32
Total revenue: RUB 1,746.38
Large livestock: 116
Small livestock: 59
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Shahriyar, no. 18)
41. Makhta [Maxta]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.47 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 525.99 D
Kishlaks: 6.00 D

Table IV

243

Total land: 555.46 D
Total households: 171 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 22,789.90
Total land taxes: RUB 5,163.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 999.47
Army tax: RUB 464.10
Total revenue: RUB 6,626.62
Large livestock: 169
Small livestock: 221
Units of water used for irrigation:
20

Total households: 69 (49 Tatar and
20 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,936.35
Total land taxes: RUB 2,887.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 319.16
Army tax: RUB 132.60
Total revenue: RUB 3,618.99
Large livestock: 172
Small livestock: 200
Units of water used for irrigation:
6½

42. Kushchi-Demurchi [Demirçi]

44. Khanlukhlar

RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE

RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE

ADMINISTRATOR

ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.80 D
Orchards and vineyards: 24.52 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 663.45 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.72 D
Kishlaks: 13.50 D
Total land: 751.19 D
Total households: 259 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 19,525.23
Total land taxes: RUB 4,423.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,306.61
Army tax: RUB 527.85
Total revenue: RUB 6,257.85
Large livestock: 205
Small livestock: 256
Units of water used for irrigation:
11

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 60.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 489.62 D
Yaylaks: 2.08 D
Total land: 559.40 D
Total households: 147 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 24,754.12
Total land taxes: RUB 4,608.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,254.43
Total revenue: RUB 6,862.58
Large livestock: 334
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for irrigation:
15 (shared with Armenian DashArkh, no. 54)
45. Yalguz-Agach

Alaklu [Ələkli] Commune
43. Parchi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.40 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.87 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 253.99 D
Yaylaks: 4.00 D
Total land: 285.06 D

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.95 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.58 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 76.18 D
Total land: 78.18 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,858.35
Total land taxes: RUB 373.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 208.37
Army tax: RUB 33.66

244

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 615.19
Large livestock: 41
Small livestock: 78
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
(shared with Alaklu, no. 49)
46. Varmazyar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.41 D
Orchards and vineyards: 34.39 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 243.66 D
Total land: 292.48 D
Total households: 141 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,994.48
Total land taxes: RUB 3,396.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,030.48
Total revenue: RUB 4,427.28
Large livestock: 240
Small livestock: 265
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Tumaslu, no. 30)
47. Kishlak `Abbas [Qışlaqabbas]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.42 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 207.30 D
Total land: 218.30 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,287.96
Total land taxes: RUB 1,424.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 412.25
Army tax: RUB 147.90
Total revenue: RUB 1,984.71
Large livestock: 133
Small livestock: 107
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Alaklu, no. 49)
48. Keshtaz
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 19.54 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 110.31 D

Kishlaks: 20.83 D
Total land: 161.09 D
Total households: 77 (49 Armenian
and 28 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,814.48
Total land taxes: RUB 465.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 552.90
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Total revenue: RUB 1,061.54
Large livestock: 99
Small livestock: 135
Units of water used for irrigation:
14 (shared with Karakhlukh, no.
148)
49. Alaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.15 D
Orchards and vineyards: 59.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 216.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 25.00 D
Yaylaks: 22.70 D
Total land: 334.26 D
Total households: 86 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 15,679.72
Total land taxes: RUB 3,552.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 734.11
Total revenue: RUB 4,286.27
Large livestock: 129
Small livestock: 220
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
(shared with Yalguz-Agach, no. 45;
Kishlak `Abbas, no. 47)
50. Babaki [Babək]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 94.00 D
Yaylaks: 25.49 D
Total land: 120.15 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,824.59
Total land taxes: RUB 639.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 121.92

Table IV
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Total revenue: RUB 825.58
Large livestock: 149
Small livestock: 68
Units of water used for irrigation:
Karasu Spring
51.Darvishlar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.35 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 68.86 D
Total land: 81.55 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,632.73
Total land taxes: RUB 254.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 245.09
Army tax: RUB 62.73
Total revenue: RUB 562.58
Large livestock: 122
Small livestock: 117
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
52. Aralykh-khan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 150.27 D
Total land: 153.57 D
Total households: 43 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,136.82
Total land taxes: RUB 593.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 294.37
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Total revenue: RUB 949.27
Large livestock: 103
Small livestock: 115
Units of water used for irrigation: 9
(shared with Aralykh-Beg, no. 53)
53. Aralykh-Beg
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.55 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 251.84 D
Yaylaks: 1.65 D

245

Total land: 257.02 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,750.63
Total land taxes: RUB 1,040.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 398.42
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Total revenue: RUB 1,478.65
Large livestock: 157
Small livestock: 94
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Aralykh-khan, no. 52)
54. Armenian Dash-Arkh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 11.79 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 141.30 D
Total land: 158.09 D
Total households: 52 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,020.35
Total land taxes: RUB 1,137.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 339.26
Total revenue: RUB 1,476.62
Large livestock: 233
Small livestock: 95
Units of water used for irrigation:
(see Khanlukhlar, no. 44)
Yaiji Commune
55. Yaiji [Aşağı and Yuxarı Yayci]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.45 D
Orchards and vineyards: 15.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 194.86 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 630.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 28.12 D
Yaylaks: 4,645.71 D
Total land: 5,425.24 D
Total households: 400 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,588.09

246

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 734.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 899.28
Army tax: RUB 810.90
Total revenue: RUB 2,444.68
Large livestock: 538
Small livestock: 1,333
Units of water used for irrigation:
14½
56. Akhura [Axura]
Ownership: Private4
Inhabited space: 25.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 421.50 D
Yaylaks: 3,712.50 D
Total land: 4,259.50 D
Total households: 90 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,241.02
Total land taxes: RUB 410.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 229.85
Army tax: RUB 136.17
Total revenue: RUB 776.52
Large livestock: 209
Small livestock: 276
Units of water used for irrigation:
14½
57. Tananam [Tənənəm]
Ownership: Private5
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 361.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,439.00 D
Total land: 2,820.00 D
Total households: 40 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,899.88
Total land taxes: RUB 183.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 92.87
Army tax: RUB 20.40
Total revenue: RUB 297.16
Large livestock: 155
Small livestock: 422
58. Karakush-Bilava
Ownership: Private

Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,439.00 D
Total land: 2,442.00 D
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,603.68
Total land taxes: RUB 155.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 29.75
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Total revenue: RUB 192.63
Large livestock: 74
Small livestock: 286
59. Avush [Havuş]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 74.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,492.00 D
Total land: 1,590.90 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,193.50
Total land taxes: RUB 115.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 113.82
Army tax: RUB 25.50
Total revenue: RUB 254.83
Large livestock: 229
Small livestock: 845
60. Khachik [present-day Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 143.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,440.50
D
Yaylaks: 640.00 D
Total land: 2,240.50 D
Total households: 108 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,226.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,637.04
Upkeep of officials: RUB 328.08
Total revenue: RUB 1,965.12
Large livestock: 621
Small livestock: 2,373

Table IV
61. Jahanzur
Ownership: Private
Yaylaks: 1,015.50 D
Total land: 1,015.50 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 406.20
Total land taxes: RUB 39.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 54.83
Army tax: RUB 58.65
Total revenue: RUB 152.79
Large livestock: 69
Small livestock: 296
62. Dava-Olan
Ownership: Treasury
Total households: 6 (All Tatar)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 9.49
Total revenue: RUB 9.49
Large livestock: 8
Small livestock: 9
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

Second Police Prefecture6
Kozulji Commune
63. Ashagha-Danzik7
Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 0.22 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 14.58 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.65 D
Yaylaks: 1,948.50 D
Total land: 1,985.00 D
Total households: 14 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,536.00
Total land taxes: RUB 56.00
Army tax: RUB 28.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.00
Total revenue: RUB 108.00
64. Amaghu [Armenia]
Ownership: Private

247

Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 198.33 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.33 D
Yaylaks: 410.82 D
Total land: 633.97 D
Total households: 30 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,144.90
Total land taxes: RUB 110.82
Army tax: RUB 14.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 57.08
Total revenue: RUB 182.69
Large livestock: 298
Small livestock: 568
65. Ardalas [Ardaraz, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.18 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.13 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 70.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,169.51 D
Total land: 1,254.22 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 915.99
Total land taxes: RUB 207.49
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 106.71
Total revenue: RUB 398.35
Large livestock: 217
Small livestock: 727
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
66. Arpa [Arpi, Armenia]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private8
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 80.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 476.66 D
Yaylaks: 1,403.00 D

248

Part II

Total land: 1,970.50 D
Total households: 80 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,309.31
Total land taxes: RUB 610.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,287.70
Total revenue: RUB 1,898.44
Large livestock: 590
Small livestock: 574
Units of water used for irrigation:
7½
67. Almalu [Khdzorut, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 145.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.16 D
Yaylaks: 140.66 D
Total land: 306.07 D
Total households: 34 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 748.31
Total land taxes: RUB 169.52
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 99.05
Total revenue: RUB 352.72
Large livestock: 244
Small livestock: 780
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
68. Aynazur [Aghavnadzor,
Armenia]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 26.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 23.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 349.58 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 363.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,566.00 D
Total land: 2,362.63 D
Total households: 74 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,625.69
Total land taxes: RUB 931.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 370.22

Total revenue: RUB 1,302.01
Large livestock: 804
Small livestock: 1,719
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
69. Agh-Kilisa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.68 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 7.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.12 D
Yaylaks: 912.89 D
Total land: 925.59 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 434.69
Total land taxes: RUB 98.50
Army tax: RUB 25.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 42.08
Total revenue: RUB 166.08
Large livestock: 136
Small livestock: 381
70. Vartanes [Vardanes, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 14.58 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 52.08 D
Yaylaks: 458.65 D
Total land: 527.60 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 610.89
Total land taxes: RUB 138.41
Army tax: RUB 51.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 99.79
Total revenue: RUB 289.20
Large livestock: 132
Small livestock: 469
71. Geshin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 23.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 30.26 D
Yaylaks: 597.50 D

Table IV
Total land: 653.86 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 821.28
Total land taxes: RUB 186.06
Army tax: RUB 73.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 103.46
Total revenue: RUB 363.47
Large livestock: 284
Small livestock: 436
72. Genalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.18 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 26.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 31.29 D
Yaylaks: 590.20 D
Total land: 649.75 D
Total households: 15 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 480.01
Total land taxes: RUB 107.70
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 53.69
Total revenue: RUB 200.64
Large livestock: 98
Small livestock: 133
73. Dash-Kharman
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 29.44 D
Yaylaks: 290.56 D
Total land: 321.00 D
Total households: 15 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 207.54
Total land taxes: RUB 47.00
Army tax: RUB 19.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.54
Total revenue: RUB 19.56
Large livestock: 118
Small livestock: 271
74. Kemurlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.87 D

249

Orchards and vineyards: 0.04 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 42.50 D
Yaylaks: 578.71 D
Total land: 623.12 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 367.19
Total land taxes: RUB 83.20
Army tax: RUB 51.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 44.39
Total revenue: RUB 178.59
Large livestock: 155
Small livestock: 307
Units of water used for irrigation:
4½
75. Kishik
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 688.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,200.00 D
Total land: 1,948.00 D
Total households: 59 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,824.00
Total land taxes: RUB 273.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 136.09
Total revenue: RUB 409.43
Large livestock: 626
Small livestock: 1,276
76. Küzuja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.85 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.74 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 97.20 D
Yaylaks: 1,188.90 D
Total land: 1,304.79 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,112.61
Total land taxes: RUB 252.04
Army tax: RUB 132.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 343.88
Total revenue: RUB 728.52

250

Part II

Large livestock: 470
Small livestock: 2,067
77. Namazli
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 125.00 D
Total land: 161.00 D
Total households: 34 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 338.00
Total land taxes: RUB 32.71
Army tax: RUB 89.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 141.69
Total revenue: RUB 263.65
Large livestock: 163
Small livestock: 225
78. Rind [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.83 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.36 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 56.60 D
Yaylaks: 875.79 D
Total land: 1,040.58 D
Total households: 59 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,615.00
Total land taxes: RUB 592.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 233.57
Total revenue: RUB 825.96
Large livestock: 382
Small livestock: 640
79. Chiva [Armenia]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.34 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 83.71 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 455.46 D
Yaylaks: 438.09 D
Total land: 982.68 D
Total households: 55 (All Tatar)

Total income: RUB 4,198.14
Total land taxes: RUB 406.34
Army tax: RUB 85.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 257.75
Total revenue: RUB 749.77
Large livestock: 289
Small livestock: 308
80. Shorja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.12 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 41.66 D
Yaylaks: 52.08 D
Total land: 96.86 D
Total households: 4 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 155.17
Total land taxes: RUB 35.14
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 78.45
Total revenue: RUB 123.79
Large livestock: 111
Small livestock: 315
Units of water used for irrigation:
10
81. Yelpin (Armenia)
Ownership: Treasury9
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.86 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 128.70 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 316.65 D
Yaylaks: 472.99 D
Total land: 925.36 D
Total households: 68 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,654.12
Total land taxes: RUB 827.81
Upkeep of officials: RUB 505.44
Total revenue: RUB 1,333.25
Large livestock: 382
Small livestock: 747
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
82. Ertich [Ertech, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury

Table IV
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 280.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.30 D
Yaylaks: 150.00 D
Total land: 445.42 D
Total households: 31 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,295.30
Total land taxes: RUB 293.43
Army tax: RUB 73.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 395.61
Total revenue: RUB 762.99
Large livestock: 392
Small livestock: 898
83. Yukharı Danzik
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.68 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 45.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 210.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,948.50 D
Total land: 2,208.34 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,668.75
Total land taxes: RUB 258.32
Army tax: RUB 79.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 188.72
Total revenue: RUB 526.60
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 152
Units of water used for irrigation:
10½
Martiros Commune
84. Hakhlu
Ownership: Treasury10
Inhabited space: 3.62 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.81 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 11.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.62 D
Yaylaks: 365.00 D

251

Total land: 434.60 D
Total households: 3 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 654.06
Total land taxes: RUB 148.15
Army tax: RUB 7.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 10.62
Total revenue: RUB 166.39
Large livestock: 34
Small livestock: 110
85. Akhta
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 25.37 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 128.31 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.62 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 286.31 D
Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,148.16
Total land taxes: RUB 260.16
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 130.98
Total revenue: RUB 482.94
Large livestock: 178
Small livestock: 347
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
86. Azatek [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury11
Inhabited space: 10.87 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.28 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.16 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 174.63 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.90 D
Yaylaks: 527.79 D
Total land: 728.63 D
Total households: 74 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,269.05
Total land taxes: RUB 287.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 251.34
Total revenue: RUB 538.88
Large livestock: 555
Small livestock: 785

252

Part II

Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
87. Gomür [Gomk, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 58.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 156.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.75 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 562.50 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,586.25
Total land taxes: RUB 585.93
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 134.52
Total revenue: RUB 812.25
Large livestock: 264
Small livestock: 420
88. Demurchilar [Dəmirçi]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 258.00 D
Yaylaks: 61.00 D
Total land: 322.00 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 807.40
Total land taxes: RUB 182.93
Army tax: RUB 20.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 38.94
Total revenue: RUB 242.27
Large livestock: 65
Small livestock: 2
89. Dash-Altı
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.72 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.35 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 73.59 D
Yaylaks: 10.00 D
Total land: 84.66 D
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 249.68
Total land taxes: RUB 56.57

Army tax: RUB 12.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 17.70
Total revenue: RUB 87.02
Large livestock: 43
Small livestock: 15
90. Jaghatai
Ownership: Treasury12
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.17 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 68.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.25 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 296.87 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 777.75
Total land taxes: RUB 176.19
Army tax: RUB 33.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 46.02
Total revenue: RUB 225.36
Large livestock: 90
Small livestock: 223
91. Jul [Artavan, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury13
Inhabited space: 19.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 170.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,302.50 D
Total land: 1,504.00 D
Total households: 97 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,548.00
Total land taxes: RUB 350.67
Army tax: RUB 244.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 446.92
Total revenue: RUB 1,042.39
Large livestock: 645
Small livestock: 1,085
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
92. Darakend [Dərəkənd]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.44 D

Table IV
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 72.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 72.50 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 413.32 D
Total households: 10 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 926.00
Total land taxes: RUB 209.79
Army tax: RUB 25.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.40
Total revenue: RUB 270.69
Large livestock: 103
Small livestock: 175
93. Kabakhlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.34 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 45.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.80 D
Yaylaks: 390.64 D
Total land: 479.39 D
Total households: 14 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 738.37
Total land taxes: RUB 167.29
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.82
Total revenue: RUB 368.26
Large livestock: 88
Small livestock: 162
94. Karalar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.17 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.62 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.81 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 79.75 D
Yaylaks: 143.00 D
Total land: 237.65 D
Total households: 14 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 576.90
Total land taxes: RUB 130.74
Army tax: RUB 35.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 42.56

253

Total revenue: RUB 216.00
Large livestock: 116
Small livestock: 352
95. Gyabud
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.35 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 76.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.50 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 416.58 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,174.45
Total land taxes: RUB 266.12
Army tax: RUB 48.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 67.26
Total revenue: RUB 381.83
Large livestock: 158
Small livestock: 98
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
96. Maratuz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.17 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 18.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 80.42 D
Yaylaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 530.59 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,070.86
Total land taxes: RUB 242.60
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 88.50
Total revenue: RUB 394.85
Large livestock: 131
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
97. Pashalu
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury14
Inhabited space: 19.63 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.90 D

254

Part II

Irrigated plowed fields: 10.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 449.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.50 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 606.31 D
Total households: 66 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,335.07
Total land taxes: RUB 528.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 268.64
Total revenue: RUB 797.59
Large livestock: 596
Small livestock: 903
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
98. Por [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 101.94 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.25 D
Yaylaks: 150.00 D
Total land: 280.94 D
Total households: 56 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 916.82
Total land taxes: RUB 207.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 194.70
Total revenue: RUB 402.38
Large livestock: 194
Small livestock: 475
99. Soylan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 4.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.33 D
Total land: 25.66 D
Total households: 4 (All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 351.27
Total land taxes: RUB 79.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 14.16
Total revenue: RUB 93.73
Large livestock: 27

Small livestock: 85
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
100. Martiros [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 454.15 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 28.00 D
Yaylaks: 420.00 D
Total land: 1,011.15 D
Total households: 106 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,216.25
Total land taxes: RUB 728.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 364.62
Total revenue: RUB 1,093.21
Large livestock: 913
Small livestock: 1,207
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
101. Chirakhlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.72 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 18.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.72 D
Yaylaks: 224.90 D
Total land: 257.57 D
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 216.50
Total land taxes: RUB 49.07
Army tax: RUB 12.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 17.70
Total revenue: RUB 79.52
Large livestock: 80
Small livestock: 82
Keshishkend Commune
102. Alkhanpayasi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.63 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.16 D

Table IV
Unirrigated plowed fields: 52.07 D
Yaylaks: 423.89 D
Total land: 483.83 D
Total households: 6 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 511.19
Total land taxes: RUB 115.81
Army tax: RUB 15.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 16.33
Total revenue: RUB 147.44
Large livestock: 56
Small livestock: 70
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
103. Ayar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.62 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.62 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 65.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 147.09 D
Yaylaks: 1,611.60 D
Total land: 1,830.93 D
Total households: 36 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,638.25
Total land taxes: RUB 824.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 90.30
Total revenue: RUB 914.60
Large livestock: 158
Small livestock: 104
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½
104. Bashkend [Başkənd]
Ownership: Treasury15
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 15.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,903.00 D
Total land: 1,982.50 D
Total households: 47 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,800.20
Total land taxes: RUB 634.41
Upkeep of officials: RUB 259.12

255

Total revenue: RUB 893.53
Large livestock: 240
Small livestock: 855
105. Engija (Yengicə]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 103.80 D
Yaylaks: 146.19 D
Total land: 254.15 D
Total households: 30 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 382.35
Total land taxes: RUB 85.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 44.38
Total revenue: RUB 130.98
Large livestock: 191
Small livestock: 593
106. Zeyta Chopma Chomakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.72 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 46.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 290.03 D
Total land: 351.38 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 447.20
Total land taxes: RUB 101.29
Army tax: RUB 66.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.99
Total revenue: RUB 204.58
Large livestock: 117
Small livestock: 127
107. Gendara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 108.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 145.83 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.83 D
Yaylaks: 416.65 D
Total land: 694.64 D

256

Part II

Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,667.24
Total land taxes: RUB 604.07
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 79.49
Total revenue: RUB 747.31
Large livestock: 340
Small livestock: 1.062
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
108. Kara-Vank
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 56.80 D
Yaylaks: 990.86 D
Total land: 1,049.16 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 571.24
Total land taxes: RUB 129.42
Army tax: RUB 48.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 59.16
Total revenue: RUB 237.03
Large livestock: 60
Small livestock: 24
109. Keshishkend (Eghegnadzor,
Armenia]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.68 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 211.05 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 294.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,038.35 D
Total land: 1,586.08 D
Total households: 120 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,282.44
Total land taxes: RUB 1,649.81
Upkeep of officials: RUB 298.46
Total revenue: RUB 1,948.27
Large livestock: 256

Small livestock: 537
110. Koytul [Armenia]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.88 D
Orchards and vineyards: 27.22 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 348.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 77.90 D
Yaylaks: 1,357.70 D
Total land: 1,822.80 D
Total households: 106 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,708.71
Total land taxes: RUB 1,230.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 215.40
Total revenue: RUB 1,445.60
Large livestock: 588
Small livestock: 1.039
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
111. Ketanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 42.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 223.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.83 D
Yaylaks: 104.16 D
Total land: 392.99 D
Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,579.81
Total land taxes: RUB 357.89
Army tax: RUB 104.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 138.16
Total revenue: RUB 600.60
Large livestock: 324
Small livestock: 874
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
112. Qorban-Kyasilan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.17 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.45 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 145.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.45 D
Yaylaks: 208.33 D

Table IV
Total land: 358.40 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 626.34
Total land taxes: RUB 141.85
Army tax: RUB 51.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 28.12
Total revenue: RUB 220.97
Large livestock: 241
Small livestock: 501
113. Argez
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.58 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 220.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.83 D
Yaylaks: 1,146.60 D
Total land: 1,482.67 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,847.68
Total land taxes: RUB 645.25
Army tax: RUB 107.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 131.15
Total revenue: RUB 883.50
Large livestock: 187
Small livestock: 261
114. Bülbül Olan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.17 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 261.40 D
Yaylaks: 1,318.00 D
Total land: 1,604.33 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,401.46
Total land taxes: RUB 317.47
Army tax: RUB 56.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 54.38
Total revenue: RUB 427.95
Large livestock: 149
Small livestock: 417

257

115. Dailakhlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 63.80 D
Yaylaks: 151.20 D
Total land: 218.00 D
Total households: 13 (11 Armenian
and 2 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 260.88
Total land taxes: RUB 59.09
Army tax: RUB 5.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 31.80
Total revenue: RUB 95.99
Large livestock: 237
Small livestock: 358
116. Kurd-Kulakh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.36 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 144.55 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.45 D
Yaylaks: 379.38 D
Total land: 526.24 D
Total households: 43 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 915.33
Total land taxes: RUB 207.37
Army tax: RUB 114.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 63.64
Total revenue: RUB 385.76
Large livestock: 220
Small livestock: 371
117. Malishka [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 70.48 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 137.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,786.85 D
Total land: 2,106.33 D
Total households: 127 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,929.94

258

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 2,249.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 307.94
Total revenue: RUB 2,557.61
Large livestock: 787
Small livestock: 909
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
118. Moz [Mozrov, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury16
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 140.00 D
Yaylaks: 209.33 D
Total land: 367.16 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 828.72
Total land taxes: RUB 187.75
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 22.33
Total revenue: RUB 233.03
Large livestock: 70
Small livestock: 120
119. Novlar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 110.00 D
Yaylaks: 104.16 D
Total land: 218.32 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 384.14
Total land taxes: RUB 87.00
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 22.33
Total revenue: RUB 132.28
Large livestock: 127
Small livestock: 408
120. Novlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 121.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 31.25 D
Yaylaks: 208.33 D

Total land: 362.66 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 608.82
Total land taxes: RUB 137.94
Army tax: RUB 48.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 67.12
Total revenue: RUB 253.51
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 177
121. Ortakend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.62 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 28.00 D
Yaylaks: 329.51 D
Total land: 408.79 D
Total households: 58 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,066.19
Total land taxes: RUB 468.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 134.90
Total revenue: RUB 602.98
Large livestock: 382
Small livestock: 820
Gindevaz Commune
122. Herher [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury17
Inhabited space: 10.41 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 37.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 447.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 16.66 D
Total land: 627.04 D
Total households: 147 (100 Tatar
and 47 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,587.39
Total land taxes: RUB 586.17
Army tax: RUB 242.25 (Tatars
only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 284.20

Table IV
Total revenue: RUB 1,112.62
Large livestock: 1,787
Small livestock: 1,603
Units of water for irrigation: 7
123. Hisar Kharaba
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 32.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Yaylaks: 297.00 D
Total land: 388.44 D
Total households: 12 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 884.44
Total land taxes: RUB 200.31
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 23.52
Total revenue: RUB 254.43
Large livestock: 310
124. Leyli-Kochan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 72.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 50.44 D
Total land: 131.33 D
Total households: 21 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 278.16
Total land taxes: RUB 63.01
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 45.08
Total revenue: RUB 146.34
Large livestock: 419
Small livestock: 455
Units of water for irrigation: ½
125. Tarp [Saravan, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 105.45 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 25.00 D

259

Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 251.11 D
Total households: 21 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 793.70
Total land taxes: RUB 179.78
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.20
Total revenue: RUB 272.53
Large livestock: 309
Small livestock: 295
Units of water for irrigation: 1
126. Terp [Saravan, Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 117.92 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.80 D
Yaylaks: 159.59 D
Total land: 284.50 D
Total households: 36 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 489.43
Total land taxes: RUB 110.90
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 66.64
Total revenue: RUB 269.34
Large livestock: 458
Small livestock: 507
Units of water for irrigation: ½
127. Isti-Su
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 52.08 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.33 D
Yaylaks: 92.50 D
Total land: 155.91 D
Total households: 21 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 243.89
Total land taxes: RUB 55.26
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.20
Total revenue: RUB 148.10
Large livestock: 179
Small livestock: 72

260

Part II

128. Mamarza Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 41.66 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.20 D
Yaylaks: 50.60 D
Total land: 94.96 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 153.72
Total land taxes: RUB 34.79
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.68
Total revenue: RUB 73.42
Large livestock: 171
Small livestock: 192
Units of water for irrigation: 1
129. Kushchi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 52.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.10 D
Yaylaks: 135.84 D
Total land: 269.58 D
Total households: 57 (37 Armenian
and 20 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,237.07
Total land taxes: RUB 280.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 99.96
Total revenue: RUB 380.21
Large livestock: 801
Small livestock: 817
Units of water for irrigation: 1
130. Koch-Beg
Ownership: Treasury
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 120.22 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 208.28 D
Total land: 338.50 D
Total households: 45 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 558.97

Total land taxes: RUB 126.65
Army tax: RUB 112.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 82.32
Total revenue: RUB 321.17
Large livestock: 949
Small livestock: 1,216
Units of water for irrigation 1½
131. Kilichlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.16 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 41.66 D
Yaylaks: 58.72 D
Total land: 102.64 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 169.86
Total land taxes: RUB 38.47
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 17.64
Total revenue: RUB 79.06
Large livestock: 162
Small livestock: 146
132. Kayalu
Ownership: Treasury18
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.91 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 14.58 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 38.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.16 D
Yaylaks: 1.45 D
Total land: 62.76 D
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 487.22
Total land taxes: RUB 110.42
Army tax: RUB 38.26
Total revenue: RUB 148.67
Large livestock: 281
Small livestock: 385
Units of water for irrigation: 1½
133. Zirak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D

Table IV
Unirrigated plowed fields: 170.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 6.25 D
Total land: 186.50 D
Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 556.02
Total land taxes: RUB 125.95
Army tax: RUB 104.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 78.40
Total revenue: RUB 308.90
Large livestock: 351
Small livestock: 407
134. Jeyranlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 52.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 10.41 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 54.76 D
Total land: 125.50 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,027.82
Total land taxes: RUB 232.85
Army tax: RUB 48.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 29.40
Total revenue: RUB 310.70
Large livestock: 231
Small livestock: 90
Units of water for irrigation: 2½
135. Gümüsh-khana
Ownership: Treasury
Unirrigated plowed fields: 65.25 D
Yaylaks: 865.50 D
Total land: 930.75 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 541.95
Total land taxes: RUB 122.78
Army tax: RUB 56.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 43.12
Total revenue: RUB 222.00
Large livestock: 381
Small livestock: 719

261

136. Gey-`Abbas
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.82 D
Yaylaks: 10.41 D
Total land: 48.40 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 368.03
Total land taxes: RUB 83.38
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.20
Total revenue: RUB 175.86
Large livestock: 148
Small livestock: 146
137. Gındevaz [Gndevaz, Armenia]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 24.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 260.30 D
Yaylaks: 1,391.45 D
Total land: 1687.41 D
Total households: 57 (37 Armenian
and 20 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,804.46
Total land taxes: RUB 408.81
Army tax: RUB 51 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 107.80
Total revenue: RUB 567.61
Large livestock: 1,585
Small livestock: 1,278
Units of water for irrigation: 15
138. Bulakhlar
Ownership: Treasury
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 53.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 50.00 D

262

Part II

Total land: 112.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 362.00
Total land taxes: RUB 81.99
Total revenue: RUB 81.99
Large livestock: 154
Small livestock: 202
Units of water for irrigation: 1
139. Bilak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 125.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 16.66 D
Total land: 157.07 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 436.39
Total land taxes: RUB 98.86
Army tax: RUB 140.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 107.80
Total revenue: RUB 346.91
Large livestock: 723
Small livestock: 611
140. Aghjakend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.62 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.29 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 104.10 D
Yaylaks: 4.16 D
Total land: 116.23 D
Total households: 14 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 789.85
Total land taxes: RUB 178.93
Army tax: RUB 35.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 27.44
Total revenue: RUB 242.07
Large livestock: 195
Small livestock: 252
Units of water for irrigation: 2
141. Arinj
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D

Orchards and vineyards: 0.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 187.09 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.16 D
Yaylaks: 164.33 D
Total land: 375.41 D
Total households: 21 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,008.79
Total land taxes: RUB 228.51
Army tax: RUB 51.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.20
Total revenue: RUB 318.71
Large livestock: 215
Small livestock: 336
Units of water for irrigation: 2½
142. Chay-Kend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.15 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 19.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.08 D
Yaylaks: 118.35 D
Total land: 179.36 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 391.18
Total land taxes: RUB 88.59
Army tax: RUB 20.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.68
Total revenue: RUB 124.67
Large livestock: 146
Small livestock: 188
Units of water for irrigation: 2½
143. Gegarchin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.08 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 175.05 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.04 D
Yaylaks: 166.01 D
Total land: 347.19 D
Total households: 4 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 751.28
Total land taxes: RUB 170.20

Table IV
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 7.84
Total revenue: RUB 188.24
Large livestock: 147
Small livestock: 213
Units of water for irrigation: 1
Alagez Commune
144. Hasankend
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 18.99 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 63.79 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 44.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.08 D
Yaylaks: 1,098.86 D
Total land: 1,254.79 D
Total households: 34 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,126.81
Total land taxes: RUB 708.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 81.60
Total revenue: RUB 789.95
Large livestock: 147
Small livestock: 301
Units of water for irrigation: ½
145. Agh-Kend
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.51 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 145.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 99.85 D
Yaylaks: 2,506.81 D
Total land: 2,753.15 D
Total households: 94 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,446.78
Total land taxes: RUB 333.61
Army tax: RUB 47.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 131.60
Total revenue: RUB 512.64
Large livestock: 257

263

Small livestock: 269
Units of water for irrigation: 1¼
146. Salli [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.08 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.11 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 75.51 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 330.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.29 D
Yaylaks: 681.31 D
Total land: 1,129.96 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,016.04
Total land taxes: RUB 683.29
Army tax: RUB 78.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 71.40
Total revenue: RUB 832.72
Large livestock: 321
Small livestock: 537
Units of water for irrigation: 6½
147. Hors [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.87 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 23.12 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 298.57 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.42 D
Yaylaks: 1,745.60 D
Total land: 2,116.08 D
Total households: 101 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,281.25
Total land taxes: RUB 516.81
Army tax: RUB 257.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 141.40
Total revenue: RUB 915.76
Large livestock: 191
Small livestock: 208
Units of water for irrigation:
Between 1 and 4
148. Karaklukh [Karaglukh,
Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury

264

Part II

Inhabited space: 1.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 16.64 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 41.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 25.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,153.93 D
Total land: 1324.60 D
Total households: 55 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,699.43
Total land taxes: RUB 611.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 132.00
Total revenue: RUB 743.55
Large livestock: 352
Small livestock: 860
Units of water for irrigation: 1
(shared with Keshtaz, no. 48)
149. Taratun
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.19 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.53 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 46.02 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 47.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.83 D
Yaylaks: 852.48 D
Total land: 978.25 D
Total households: 28 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,826.02
Total land taxes: RUB 413.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.80
Total revenue: RUB 479.50
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 426
Units of water for irrigation:
Between 1 and 3
150. Shahgeldi Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.17 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 6.05 D
Yaylaks: 3,070.99 D
Total land: 3,128.21 D

Total households: 12 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,150.05
Total land taxes: RUB 487.12
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 16.80
Total revenue: RUB 522.28
Large livestock: 116
Small livestock: 190
Units of water for irrigation: 2
151. Yerdapin [Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.49 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 25.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 97.01 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 16.66 D
Yaylaks: 842.00 D
Total land: 1,002.39 D
Total households: 37 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,073.51
Total land taxes: RUB 469.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 88.80
Total revenue: RUB 557.54
Large livestock: 468
Small livestock: 693
Units of water for irrigation: 11
152. Alagez
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 48.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.18 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 46.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 55.56 D
Yaylaks: 986.42 D
Total land: 1,1,44.82 D
Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,074.42
Total land taxes: RUB 469.97
Army tax: RUB 102.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 57.40
Total revenue: RUB 629.37
Large livestock: 441
Small livestock: 264

Table IV
Units of water for irrigation 2½
153. Aysasi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 210.00 D
Yaylaks: 782.86 D
Total land: 1,059.36 D
Total households: 33 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,100.04
Total land taxes: RUB 475.77
Army tax: RUB 81.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 46.20
Total revenue: RUB 603.57
Large livestock: 131
Small livestock: 131
Units of water for irrigation: 2½
154. Kodukh-Vank
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 47.70 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 58.33 D
Yaylaks: 1,001.10 D
Total land: 1,151.83 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,668.39
Total land taxes: RUB 377.94
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.00
Total revenue: RUB 476.69
Large livestock: 56
Small livestock: 115
Units of water for irrigation: 2
155. Gorbadikh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 62.05 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 63.95 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 13.00 D
Yaylaks: 384.66 D
Total land: 526.66 D

265

Total households: 37 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,536.61
Total land taxes: RUB 348.08
Army tax: RUB 96.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 51.80
Total revenue: RUB 496.78
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 294
Units of water for irrigation: 6½
156. Güluduz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 46.68 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 24.67 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 406.49 D
Total land: 513.50 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,258.00
Total land taxes: RUB 285.02
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 33.60
Total revenue: RUB 382.37
Large livestock: 215
Small livestock: 334
Units of water for irrigation: 2½
157. Güney-Vank [Hermoni Vank,
Armenia]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.56 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.37 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 22.98 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.25 D
Yaylaks: 446.44 D
Total land: 508.73 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 600.92
Total land taxes: RUB 136.14
Army tax: RUB 28.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.40

266

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 179.59
Large livestock: 53
Small livestock: 16
158. Jani
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.83 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 23.12 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 18.75 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 126.16 D
Yaylaks: 396.22 D
Total land: 650.41 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,453.50
Total land taxes: RUB 329.27
Army tax: RUB 51.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 28.00
Total revenue: RUB 408.27
Large livestock: 129
Small livestock: 184
159. Kara-Kaya
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 18.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 27.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 29.14 D
Yaylaks: 948.80 D
Total land: 1,023.95 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 942.92
Total land taxes: RUB 213.59
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 33.60
Total revenue: RUB 308.39
Large livestock: 173
Small livestock: 294
Units of water for irrigation: 2
160. Kabakhlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 450.00 D

Yaylaks: 894.75 D
Total land: 1,387.12 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,227.99
Total land taxes: RUB 504.74
Army tax: RUB 107.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 58.80
Total revenue: RUB 670.64
Large livestock: 230
Small livestock: 381
Units of water for irrigation: 2
161. Kalasar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 17.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 217.00 D
Yaylaks: 183.60 D
Total land: 423.60 D
Total households: 17 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,055.94
Total land taxes: RUB 239.23
Army tax: RUB 43.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 23.80
Total revenue: RUB 306.38
Large livestock: 110
Small livestock: 170
Units of water for irrigation: 1
162. Kavushuk
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.06 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.93 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.06 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 16.64 D
Yaylaks: 348.02 D
Total land: 392.71 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 424.50
Total land taxes: RUB 96.42
Army tax: RUB 48.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 28.00
Total revenue: RUB 172.87
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 125

Table IV

267

Units of water for irrigation: 1
163. Gostun
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.09 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 9.37 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.18 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.00 D
Yaylaks: 375.50 D
Total land: 436.99 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 572.76
Total land taxes: RUB 129.77
Army tax: RUB 28.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 15.40
Total revenue: RUB 173.22
Large livestock: 97
Small livestock: 207
Units of water for irrigation: 2

Key totals for the district (all-rural district, 1907)19
Tatars: 6,049 households; 54,296 persons (28,910 male/25,386 female)
Armenians: 2,453 households; 22,693 persons (12,272 male/10,421 female)
Kurds: 789 persons
Assyrians: 547 persons
Total population: 78,325 persons

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 In the 1908 register only.
3 In the 1908 register, this Armenian village was part of the Zeyva Commune. In the
1910 register, the village, which alone paid close to half as much as all the 15 other
villages, was listed as a separate commune.
4 According to the Russian survey conducted in 1832, the village was the toyul of
Hoseyn `Ali Soltan. It seems that it had become a private property; see Bournoutian,
Nakhichevan, 193.
5 According to the Russian survey, the village was the molk of Faraj Aqa, the
brother of Ehsan Khan of the Kangarlu tribe. It seems that it had remained a
private property; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 187.
6 Most of the second police prefecture is now part of the Vayots’ Dzor region of
Armenia. Many of the villages have disappeared, were combined with neighboring
villages or were given new names during the Soviet era.
7 Appears only in the 1908 register.

268

Part II

8 In 1832, the village was the molk of Hoseyn `Ali Soltan; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan,
194.
9 In 1832 it was the molk of Hoseyn `Ali Soltan; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 194.
10 In 1832 it was the molk of Ahmad Karim Beg Oghli; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan,
199.
11 In 1832 it was the molk of `Erza `Ali Beg; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 198.
12 In 1832 it was the molk of `Abbas Beg; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 199.
13 In 1832 it was the molk of Qoli Beg; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 200.
14 In 1832 it was the molk of Shir `Ali Beg; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 199.
15 In 1832 it was usurped by Kalantar dost `Ali Beg, but it must have been reclaimed
by the treasury; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 201.
16 In 1832 it belonged to Karim Beg; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 199.
17 In 1832 it belonged to Ehsan Khan; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan, 201.
18 In 1832 it was the molk of Ahmad Karim Beg Oghli; Bournoutian, Nakhichevan,
199.
19 For more details, see Chapter III.

Table V – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Nakhichevan District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture
Residence of the police superintendent: Town of Nakhichevan
Kivrag Commune
1. Kivrag [Qivraq]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,795.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,000.00 D
Total land: 3,810.00 D
Total households: 176 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 36,780.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,061.78

Army tax: RUB 234.09
Upkeep of officials: RUB 589.45
Total revenue: RUB 3,895.31
Large livestock: 395
Small livestock: 1,510
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz 2
2. Kabullu
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.41 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 60.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,020.78 D
Total land: 1,185.19 D
Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,080.26
Total land taxes: RUB 173.76
Army tax: RUB 13.77
Upkeep of officials: RUB 118.80

270

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 306.33
Large livestock: 66
Small livestock: 59
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz
3. Karabaghlar [Qarabağlar]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 9.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 13.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2,351.53 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 116.25 D
Yaylaks: 11,403.61 D
Total land: 13,894.64 D
Total households: 192 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 53,573.54
Total land taxes: RUB 4,474.31
Army tax: RUB 287.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 657.32
Total revenue: RUB 5,419.27
Large livestock: 584
Small livestock: 3,300
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz
4. Khok [Xok]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 11.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 622.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 313.00 D
Yaylaks: 5,922.00 D
Total land: 6,870.00 D
Total households: 127 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 17,414.30
Total land taxes: RUB 1,454.39
Army tax: RUB 56.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 528.03
Total revenue: RUB 2,038.52
Large livestock: 302
Small livestock: 1,700
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz

5. Khinjab [Xincab]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,066.00
D
Yaylaks: 1,500.00 D
Total land: 2,677.75 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,441.25
Total land taxes: RUB 955.55
Army tax: RUB 16.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 240.91
Total revenue: RUB 1,212.78
Large livestock: 142
Small livestock: 930
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz
6. Sust
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 272.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 249.32 D
Yaylaks: 2,724.62 D
Total land: 3,250.94 D
Total households: 97 (73 Kurdish
and 24 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,544.41
Total land taxes: RUB 713.62
Army tax: RUB 79.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 506.62
Total revenue: RUB 1,299.80
Large livestock: 101
Small livestock: 1,275
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz
7. Shahtakhti [Şahtaxtı]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 786.51 D

Table V
Unirrigated plowed fields: 463.80 D
Yaylaks: 291.00 D
Total land: 1,549.00 D
Total households: 119 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 19,630.72
Total land taxes: RUB 1,639.50
Army tax: RUB 157.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 402.47
Total revenue: RUB 2,199.56
Large livestock: 259
Small livestock: 800
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz
8. Yurti Girdasar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 540.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 82.00 D
Total land: 669.00 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,468.20
Total land taxes: RUB 707.25
Army tax: RUB 68.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 188.66
Total revenue: RUB 964.76
Large livestock: 166
Small livestock: 445
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz
Tumbul Commune
9. Bulgan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 17.84 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.29 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 268.58 D
Yaylaks: 119.35 D
Total Land: 420.06 D
Total households: 96 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,562.45
Total land taxes: RUB 548.08

271

Army tax: RUB 126.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 406.07
Total revenue: RUB 1,081.14
Large livestock: 150
Small livestock: 390
Units of water used for irrigation:
kariz and spring
10. Karachug [Qaraçuq]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 21.42 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.72 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 481.03 D
Yaylaks: 1,236.85 D
Total land: 1,742.02 D
Total households: 118 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,405.02
Total land taxes: RUB 869.02
Army tax: RUB 151.47
Upkeep of officials: RUB 483.95
Total revenue: RUB 1,504.54
Large livestock: 484
Small livestock: 1,550
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
11. Karakhanbeglu [Qaraxanbəyli]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 16.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 34.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 191.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 233.02 D
Yaylaks: 80.82 D
Total Land: 555.30 D
Total households: 132 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,334.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,069.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 712.48
Total revenue: RUB 1,782.27
Large livestock: 250
Small livestock: 145

272

Part II

Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

12. Kosha-Diza [Qoşadizə]

14. Shakarabad [Şekerabad]

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.51 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 300.00 D
Yaylaks: 176.50 D
Total land: 485.31 D
Total households: 81 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,307.64
Total land taxes: RUB 526.83
Army tax: RUB 97.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,129.01
Total revenue: RUB 1,753.76
Large livestock: 98
Small livestock: 435
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 191.38 D
Yaylaks: 523.22 D
Total land: 727.60 D
Total households: 34 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,858.79
Total land taxes: RUB 628.19
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 351.82
Total revenue: RUB 1,043.76
Large livestock: 96
Small livestock: 175
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

13. Tumbul

15. Tazakend [Təzəkənd]

RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 33.88 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 771.92 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 8.50 D
Yaylaks: 94.12 D
Total land: 929.27 D
Total households: 196 (148
Armenian and 48 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 18,437.25
Total land taxes: RUB 1,539.85
Army tax: RUB 59.67 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,023.69
Total revenue: RUB 2,623.21
Large livestock: 317
Small livestock: 845

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 21.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 31.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 723.83 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 427.10 D
Yaylaks: 317.77 D
Total land: 1,520.50 D
Total households: 391 (342
Armenian and 49 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 20,928.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,717.83
Army tax: RUB 31.62 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,509.41
Total revenue: RUB 3,288.86
Large livestock: 985
Small livestock: 505
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

Table V
16. Karmir-Vank

3

Sheikh-Mahmud Commune

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Vegetable gardens: 0.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.24 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 62.70 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 73.30 D
Yaylaks: 443.53 D
Total land: 583.42 D
Total households: 24 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,048.61
Total land taxes: RUB 171.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 114.04
Total revenue: RUB 285.14
Large livestock: 62
Small livestock: 220
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

18. `Aliabad [Əliabad]

17. Yamkhana

19. Ashagha Uzun-Oba [Aşaġi
Uzunoba]

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 34.74 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 484.48 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 24.00 D
Yaylaks: 322.81 D
Total land: 1,031.03 D
Total households: 138 (136
Armenian and 2 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 13,876.22
Total land taxes: RUB 1,158.93
Army tax: RUB 3.06 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 624.16
Total revenue: RUB 1,786.15
Large livestock: 559
Small livestock: 470
Units of water used for irrigation:
Kariz and spring

273

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.65 D
Orchards and vineyards: 65.59 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 164.29 D
Yaylaks: 94.84 D
Total land: 331.07 D
Total households: 103 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,346.59
Total land taxes: RUB 697.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 375.21
Total revenue: RUB 1,072.33
Large livestock: 110
Small livestock: 85
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.34 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 93.00 D
Yaylaks: 36.00 D
Total land: 149.01 D
Total households: 84 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,855.40
Total land taxes: RUB 279.21
Army tax: RUB 178.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 348.18
Total revenue: RUB 805.89
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 570
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

274

Part II

20. Sheikh-Mahmud [Shixmahmud]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 80.29 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 578.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.26 D
Yaylaks: 80.70 D
Total land: 754.70 D
Total households: 184 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 18,031.96
Total land taxes: RUB 1,507.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 845.08
Total revenue: RUB 2,352.59
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 398
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
21. Khallilu [Khalilli]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.04 D
Orchards and vineyards: 11.27 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 262.00 D
Yaylaks: 273.00 D
Total land: 306.31 D
Total households: 39 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,238.21
Total land taxes: RUB 594.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 196.89
Total revenue: RUB 791.43
Large livestock: 85
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
22. Yukhari Uzun-Oba [Yuxari
Uzunoba]
Ownership: Private

Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 44.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 105.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 63.13 D
Yaylaks: 30.10 D
Total land: 252.13 D
Total households: 66 (39 Armenian
and 27 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,187.08
Total land taxes: RUB 516.73
Army tax: RUB 36.72 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 304.02
Total revenue: RUB 857.47
Large livestock: 105
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
23. Alagez Mazra4
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 26.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 238.54 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.46 D
Yaylaks: 2.00 D
Total land: 279.00 D
Total households: 98 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,007.28
Total land taxes: RUB 1,343.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 473.17
Total revenue: RUB 1,816.22
Large livestock: 131
Small livestock: 58
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
24. Badashkhan
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.62 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 65.90 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 72.90 D

Table V
Yaylaks: 2.10 D
Total land: 146.60 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,099.02
Total land taxes: RUB 175.32
Army tax: RUB 35.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 125.22
Total revenue: RUB 335.73
Large livestock: 41
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
25. Hajivar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.90 D
Orchards and vineyards: 24.88 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 400.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 124.70 D
Yaylaks: 362.37 D
Total land: 916.85 D
Total households: 71 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8.402.29
Total land taxes: RUB 701.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 279.99
Total revenue: RUB 981.74
Large livestock: 56
Small livestock: 5
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
26. Karim Beg Diza [Kerimbekli]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.74 D
Orchards and vineyards: 9.28 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 98.68 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.08 D
Total land: 112.05 D
Total households: 31 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,790.70
Total land taxes: RUB 278.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 95.00

275

Total revenue: RUB 373.39
Large livestock: 48
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
27. Kul-Tapa [Kultepe]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 54.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 470.00 D
Yaylaks: 2.30 D
Total land: 545.00 D
Total households: 126 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,833.92
Total land taxes: RUB 1,155.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 454.62
Total revenue: RUB 1,610.02
Large livestock: 185
Small livestock: 76
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
28. Kuli-Beg Diza
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 8.45 D
Orchards and vineyards: 38.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 222.91 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 8.40 D
Yaylaks: 9.40 D
Total land: 288.59 D
Total households: 66 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,484.71
Total land taxes: RUB 1,049.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 217.37
Total revenue: RUB 1,267.17
Large livestock: 126
Small livestock: 39
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

276

Part II

29. Mamarza Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.48 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 228.77 D
Yaylaks: 20.00 D
Total land: 263.07 D
Total households: 58 (39 Armenian
and 19 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,393.40
Total land taxes: RUB 450.46
Army tax: RUB 15.30 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 180.70
Total revenue: RUB 646.46
Large livestock: 32
Small livestock: 190
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
30. Yarimja [Yarımca]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 29.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 603.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.25 D
Yaylaks: 344.33 D
Total land: 991.83 D
Total households: 176 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,824.23
Total land taxes: RUB 786.51
Upkeep of officials: RUB 705.41
Total revenue: RUB 1,491.92
Large livestock: 164
Small livestock: 210
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
31. Khalkhal
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.25 D

Irrigated plowed fields: 198.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 327.00 D
Yaylaks: 610.00 D
Total land: 1,164.75 D
Total households: 99 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,907.75
Total land taxes: RUB 1,387.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 465.57
Total revenue: RUB 1,853.45
Large livestock: 84
Small livestock: 18
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days

Second Police Prefecture
Karababa Commune
32. `Ali-Mamed Kishlak [Alimamed
Kişlaq]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.21 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 27.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 135.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Yaylaks: 600.00 D
Total land: 768.81 D
Total households: 21 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,177.34
Total land taxes: RUB 225.68
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 94.63
Total revenue: RUB 350.91
Large livestock: 326
Small livestock: 645
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 3 to 7 lopats; in summer
up to 1 lopat every 15 days
33. Ashagha Irameshin
Ownership: Treasury/Private

Table V
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 30.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 154.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 895.00 D
Total land: 1,086.41 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,269.25
Total land taxes: RUB 151.72
Army tax: RUB 11.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 106.76
Total revenue: RUB 269.70
Large livestock: 104
Small livestock: 90
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 1 lopat for 14 days; in
summer 1 lopat for 4 days per
month
34. Badamlu [Badamlı]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 30.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 132.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 600.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,000.00 D
Total land: 2,772.30 D
Total households: 123 (85 Armenian
and 38 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,780.00
Total land taxes: RUB 649.75
Army tax: RUB 29.07 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 352.70
Total revenue: RUB 1,031.72
Large livestock: 531
Small livestock: 950
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring, 1½ lopats for 14 days; in
summer, 1½ lopats for 7 days per
month
35. Arinj [Ayrınc]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D

277

Orchards and vineyards: 20.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 54.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 218.50 D
Yaylaks: 1,030.00 D
Total land: 1,329.50 D
Total households: 67 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,366.00
Total land taxes: RUB 645.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 179.62
Total revenue: RUB 824.77
Large livestock: 285
Small livestock: 600
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 1 lopat for 14 days; in
summer 1 lopat for 6 days per
month
36. Gijazur
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 83.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 248.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 8.33 D
Yaylaks: 815.50 D
Total land: 1,169.73 D
Total households: 98 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,302.15
Total land taxes: RUB 275.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 440.02
Total revenue: RUB 715.80
Large livestock: 443
Small livestock: 600
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats daily
37. Gemur [Gömür]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 212.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 701.00 D
Yaylaks: 946.00 D
Total land: 1,884.00 D

278

Part II

Total households: 146 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,040.60
Total land taxes: RUB 671.53
Upkeep of officials: RUB 214.45
Total revenue: RUB 885.98
Large livestock: 862
Small livestock: 1,800
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats daily
38. Daylakhlu
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 43.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 390.00 D
Total land: 584.00 D
Total households: 29 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,658.00
Total land taxes: RUB 228.74
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 75.12
Total revenue: RUB 332.93
Large livestock: 115
Small livestock: 88
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat daily
39. Zirnel
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 1,161.50 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 756.00
Total land taxes: RUB 144.92
Army tax: RUB 32.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 74.76
Total revenue: RUB 251.81
Large livestock: 135
Small livestock: 720

Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat per day
40. Zarnatun [Zərnətün]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 80.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.00 D
Yaylaks: 450.00 D
Total land: 545.00 D
Total households: 18 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 539.00
Total land taxes: RUB 103.33
Army tax: RUB 16.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.56
Total revenue: RUB 156.72
Large livestock: 6
Small livestock: 10
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
lopat per day
41. Küki [Kükü]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.83 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 102.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 400.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,182.00 D
Total land: 2,714.33 D
Total households: 68 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,781.02
Total land taxes: RUB 315.79
Army tax: RUB 28.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 233.66
Total revenue: RUB 577.50
Large livestock: 502
Small livestock: 1,500
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 1 lopat for 14 days; in
summer 1 lopat for 5 days per
month
42. Kolani Kishlak [Kolanı]
Ownership: Treasury

Table V
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 175.05 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,200.00 D
Total land: 1,392.05 D
Total households: 75 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,214.20
Total land taxes: RUB 232.73
Army tax: RUB 65.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 180.14
Total revenue: RUB 478.66
Large livestock: 276
Small livestock: 600
Units of water used for irrigation:
Up to 2 lopats per day
43. Kara-Boya [Qaraboya]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.45 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 3.20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 126.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.75 D
Yaylaks: 276.95 D
Total land: 416.75 D
Total households: 26 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,077.95
Total land taxes: RUB 206.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 60.55
Total revenue: RUB 267.16
Large livestock: 151
Small livestock: 420
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from ½ lopat for 14 days; in
summer 1 lopat for 1 day per month
44. Kara-Baba [Qarababa]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 41.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 16.50 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 567.00 D

279

Total households: 65 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,147.00
Total land taxes: RUB 219.83.00
Army tax: RUB 24.48.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 107.60
Total revenue: RUB 351.91
Large livestock: 107
Small livestock: 380
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 2 lopats for 14 days; in
summer 2 lopats for 1 day per
month
45. Kızıl-Kishlak [Qızıl Qışlaq]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.17 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Yaylaks: 125.65 D
Total land: 137.57 D
Total households: 6 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 99.25
Total land taxes: RUB 19.02
Army tax: RUB 4.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 12.68
Total revenue: RUB 36.29
Large livestock: 31
Small livestock: 72
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 1 lopat for 14 days; in
summer 1 lopat for 1 day per month
46. Külüs
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.78 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 33.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 572.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 10.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,876.13 D
Total land: 2,514.09 D
Total households: 78 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,754.76

280

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 549.30
Army tax: RUB 34.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 272.44
Total revenue: RUB 856.42
Large livestock: 438
Small livestock: 885
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for 4 days a week
47. Mahmudava [Mahmudoba]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 56.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 99.40 D
Yaylaks: 537.54 D
Total land: 696.40 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,614.29
Total land taxes: RUB 134.85
Army tax: RUB 44.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 139.74
Total revenue: RUB 318.96
Large livestock: 228
Small livestock: 780
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 1 lopat for 1 day a
week; in summer 2 lopats for 1 day
a week
48. Maralik [Mərəlik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.15 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 13.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 166.70 D
Yaylaks: 872.35 D
Total land: 1,054.90 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,029.89
Total land taxes: RUB 197.40
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 58.85
Total revenue: RUB 279.20
Large livestock: 188

Small livestock: 234
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
lopat per week
49. Maragha Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 39.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 182.40 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Yaylaks: 1,171.16 D
Total land: 1,397.66 D
Total households: 48 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,462.51
Total land taxes: RUB 280.32
Army tax: RUB 59.67
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.53
Total revenue: RUB 508.53
Large livestock: 249
Small livestock: 370
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring ½ lopat for 7 days; in
summer 1 lopat for 2 days per
month
50. Nors
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 21.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 428.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 824.80 D
Yaylaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 2,296.05 D
Total households: 176 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,148.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,098.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 560.57
Total revenue: RUB 1,658.76
Large livestock: 577
Small livestock: 500
Units of water used for irrigation: In
spring from 1 lopat per week; in

Table V
summer 3 lopats for 6 days per
month
51. Nors Mazra
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 50.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 312.50 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.50 D
Yaylaks: 999.95 D
Total land: 1,373.25 D
Total households: 61 (48 Armenian
and 13 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,237.75
Total land taxes: RUB 428.90
Army tax: RUB 7.65 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 141.28
Total revenue: RUB 577.83
Large livestock: 17
Small livestock: 26
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats per day
52. Salasuz [Sələsüz]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 241.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Yaylaks: 607.00 D
Total land: 1,013.50 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,111.70
Total land taxes: RUB 426.96
Army tax: RUB 16.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 134.32
Total revenue: RUB 577.70
Large livestock: 247
Small livestock: 540
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat every 14 days
53. Sıchanjuk
Ownership: Treasury/Private

281

Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 14.00 D
Yaylaks: 48.7.00 D
Total land: 107.00 D
Total households: 10 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 829.87
Total land taxes: RUB 110.84
Army tax: RUB 9.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 25.36
Total revenue: RUB 145.38
Large livestock: 48
Small livestock: 52
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat per week
54. Tirkesh [Türkeş]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.33 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 48.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 377.00 D
Yaylaks: 480.00 D
Total land: 917.08 D
Total households: 58 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,378.82
Total land taxes: RUB 282.21
Army tax: RUB 65.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 161.68
Total revenue: RUB 509.68
Large livestock: 400
Small livestock: 490
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat 1 day a month
55. Khinzirak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 622.50 D
Total households: 27 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 950.00

282

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 182.08
Army tax: RUB 24.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 63.16
Total revenue: RUB 269.72
Large livestock: 264
Small livestock: 310
Units of water used for irrigation:
Same as above
56. Shada [Şada]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.60 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 629.76 D
Total households: 26 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 989.40
Total land taxes: RUB 189.63
Army tax: RUB 24.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 61.56
Total revenue: RUB 275.67
Large livestock: 167
Small livestock: 240
Units of water used for irrigation: ½
lopat every 14 days
57. Shahbuz [Şahbuz]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 24.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 188.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 376.00 D
Yaylaks: 3,506.85 D
Total land: 4,106.85 D
Total households: 120 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,010.68
Total land taxes: RUB 585.54
Army tax: RUB 93.33
Upkeep of officials: RUB 278.46
Total revenue: RUB 957.33

Large livestock: 498
Small livestock: 780
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
lopats for 5 days per month
58. Kechilu [Keçili]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.51 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 42.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 427.53 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 25.00 D
Yaylaks: 3,737.26 D
Total land: 4,239.80 D
Total households: 49 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,958.23
Total land taxes: RUB 330.61
Army tax: RUB 19.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 183.98
Total revenue: RUB 534.48
Large livestock: 204
Small livestock: 1,200
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat 2 days a week
59. Yukhari Irameshin
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 21.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 375.10 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 12.50 D
Yaylaks: 966.00 D
Total land: 1,378.75 D
Total households: 60 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,044.00
Total land taxes: RUB 232.90
Army tax: RUB 19.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.30
Total revenue: RUB 421.09
Large livestock: 326
Small livestock: 835
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat every 14 days

Table V
Digin-Almali Commune
60. Agkhach
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 234.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.50 D
Yaylaks: 149.85 D
Total land: 400.00 D
Total households: 72 (37 Tatar and
35 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,090.39
Total land taxes: RUB 208.99
Army tax: RUB 26.01 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 184.55
Total revenue: RUB 419.55
Large livestock: 125
Small livestock: 252
Units of water used for irrigation: ¼
lopat daily

283

62. Germachatakh
[Kyarmachatakh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 300.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.00 D
Yaylaks: 743.90 D
Total land: 1,053.90 D
Total households: 20 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,318.39
Total land taxes: RUB 252.69
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 207.79
Total revenue: RUB 483.43
Large livestock: 147
Small livestock: 740
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats daily
63. Itkran [Itgiran]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE

61. Buzgov [Buzqov]

ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 65.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 415.80 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,333.20
Total land taxes: RUB 447.20
Army tax: RUB 55.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 283.16
Total revenue: RUB 785.44
Large livestock: 212
Small livestock: 1,160
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats daily

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 33.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 300.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,163.75 D
Total land: 1,520.25 D
Total households: 96 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,081.37
Total land taxes: RUB 398.93
Army tax: RUB 67.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 177.29
Total revenue: RUB 643.94
Large livestock: 86
Small livestock: 142
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½ lopats daily

284

Part II

64. Goradiz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 650.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.50 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 875.50 D
Total households: 91 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,822.50
Total land taxes: RUB 540.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 264.88
Total revenue: RUB 805.86
Large livestock: 271
Small livestock: 764
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat daily
65. Ogbin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.05 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 342.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 467.55 D
Total households: 49 (36 Tatar and
13 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,525.50
Total land taxes: RUB 292.39
Army tax: RUB 39.78 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 102.31
Total revenue: RUB 434.48
Large livestock: 140
Small livestock: 268
Units of water used for irrigation:
Same as above
66. Digin-Almalu [Almali]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 579.20 D

Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 897.60 D
Total households: 66 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,540.80
Total land taxes: RUB 486.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 329.05
Total revenue: RUB 816.03
Large livestock: 490
Small livestock: 1,144
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
lopats daily
67. Lizbirt
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 3.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,913.89 D
Total land: 3,081.39 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,143.39
Total land taxes: RUB 96.51
Army tax: RUB 8.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 71.69
Total revenue: RUB 175.36
Large livestock: 79
Small livestock: 523
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat daily
68. Soltan-Beg [Sultanbəy]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 608.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 400.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,067.26 D
Total land: 2,111.26 D
Total households: 133 (All
Armenian)

Table V
Total income: RUB 12,096.73
Total land taxes: RUB 1,010.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 488.79
Total revenue: RUB 1,499.09
Large livestock: 436
Small livestock: 886
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats daily
69. Ses
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.80 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 160.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 480.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 23.00 D
Yaylaks: 914.01 D
Total land: 1,586.75 D
Total households: 52 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,608.60
Total land taxes: RUB 883.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 321.11
Total revenue: RUB 1,204.42
Large livestock: 235
Small livestock: 606
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats 3 times a week
70. Levis
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Yaylaks: 392.75 D
Total land: 498.75 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 487.77
Total land taxes: RUB 94.49
Army tax: RUB 22.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.90
Total revenue: RUB 168.94
Large livestock: 65
Small livestock: 151

285

Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat daily
Karmali Commune5
71. Karmalinovka [Bicənək]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 121.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,214.00 D
Total land: 1,725.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 3,671.40
Total land taxes: RUB 703.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,985.26
Total revenue: RUB 2,688.94
Large livestock: 128
Small livestock: 183
Units of water used for irrigation:
2½ lopats daily
Jaghri Commune
72. Aznabiurt [Aznabirt]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 11.36 D
Orchards and vineyards: 35.36 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 640.53 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,220.44
D
Yaylaks: 3,725.91 D
Total land: 5,733.80 D
Total households: 210 (176
Armenian and 34 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 25,576.92
Total land taxes: RUB 3,217.75
Army tax: RUB 27.48 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 775.92

286

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 4,018.15
Large livestock: 630
Small livestock: 4,000
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
73. Jagri (Armenian)
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 50.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 42.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 818.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 400.00 D
Yaylaks: 788.00 D
Total land: 2,098.50 D
Total households: 213 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 23,250.20
Total land taxes: RUB 2,231.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,094.81
Total revenue: RUB 3,326 rubles
Large livestock: 858
Small livestock: 1,396
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats for 26 days
74. Jagri (Tatar)
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 100.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 18.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,595.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 800.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,557.00 D
Kishlaks: 19.00 D
Total land: 4,089.66 D
Total households: 329 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 40,729.90
Total land taxes: RUB 4,879.26
Army tax: RUB 477.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,538.07
Total revenue: RUB 6,894.69

Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats for 22 days
75. Payız
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00
Orchards and vineyards: 11.75
Irrigated plowed fields: 105.50
Unirrigated plowed fields: 190.00
Yaylaks: 600.00
Total land: 911.57 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,461.60
Total land taxes: RUB 503.57
Army tax: RUB 64.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.00
Total revenue: RUB 753.83
Large livestock: 169
Small livestock: 440
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats for 26 days
76. Vaykhir [Vayxır]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 135.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 270.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,399.93 D
Total land: 1,820.00 D
Total households: 34 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,195.22
Total land taxes: RUB 517.68
Army tax: RUB 35.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 125.27
Total revenue: RUB 678.14
Large livestock: 163
Small livestock: 360
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats for 22 days
77. Nazarabad [Nəzərabad]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 40.50 D

Table V
Irrigated plowed fields: 250.00 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 497.30 D
Total households: 113 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,181.50
Total land taxes: RUB 683.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 555.68
Total revenue: RUB 1,239.02
Large livestock: 109
Small livestock: 148
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats for 20 days
78. Diduvar [Didivar]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 42.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 174.00 D
Yaylaks: 7.00 D
Total land: 229.00 D
Total households: 57 (44 Tatar and
13 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,656.80
Total land taxes: RUB 555.96
Army tax: RUB 50.49 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 240.43
Total revenue: RUB 846.88
Large livestock: 94
Small livestock: 95
Units of water used for irrigation:
1½ lopats for 20 days

Third Police Prefecture
Kazanchi Commune
79. Aravsa [Ərəfsə]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 50.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 500.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 31.00 D

287

Yaylaks: 3,010.00 D
Total land: 3,600.00 D
Total households: 49 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,449.00
Total land taxes: RUB 288.05
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 252.03
Total revenue: RUB 601.28
Large livestock: 319
Small livestock: 1,125
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
80. Böy-Ahmad [Boyəhməd]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 140.00 D
Yaylaks: 947.72 D
Total land: 1,102.05 D
Total households: 17 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 941.72
Total land taxes: RUB 78.69
Army tax: RUB 5.61
Upkeep of officials: RUB 39.98
Total revenue: RUB 124.28
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 850
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
81. Bash-Anzur
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.41 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 464.50 D
Yaylaks: 830.50 D
Total land: 1,301.00 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,969.56
Total land taxes: RUB 164.49
Army tax: RUB 15.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 246.32
Total revenue: RUB 426.11
Large livestock: 338

288

Part II

Small livestock: 1,576
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
82. Dib-Anzur
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.16 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 149.89 D
Yaylaks: 591.05 D
Total land: 752.05 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 794.86
Total land taxes: RUB 66.41
Army tax: RUB 18.36
Upkeep of officials: RUB 152.80
Total revenue: RUB 237.57
Large livestock: 147
Small livestock: 425
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
83. Zuvala
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.40 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 12.50 D
Yaylaks: 537.55 D
Total land: 551.00 D
Total households: 8 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 115.36
Total land taxes: RUB 9.64
Army tax: RUB 2.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 16.25
Total revenue: RUB 28.44
Large livestock: 27
Small livestock: 110
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat a day from a privately owned
spring

84. Kazanchi [Qazançı]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 38.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 172.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 555.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,481.70 D
Total land: 3,263.45 D
Total households: 146 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,679.67
Total land taxes: RUB 1,663.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 530.90
Total revenue: RUB 2,194.48
Large livestock: 884
Small livestock: 1,250
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
lopats for 18 days
85. Milakh [Milax]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.83 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 92.17 D
Yaylaks: 520.00 D
Total land: 639.25 D
Total households: 55 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,293.82
Total land taxes: RUB 247.98
Army tax: RUB 67.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 122.34
Total revenue: RUB 437.64
Large livestock: 226
Small livestock: 675
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 24 days
86. Kahab
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D

Table V
Orchards and vineyards: 21.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 520.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 277.00 D
Yaylaks: 607.00 D
Total land: 1,440.00 D
Total households: 80 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 14,493.80
Total land taxes: RUB 1,210.52
Army tax: RUB 87.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 523.37
Total revenue: RUB 1,821.10
Large livestock: 535
Small livestock: 525
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 6 days a week
87. Karbala’i Oruj-Diza
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 55.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 242.83 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 647.17 D
Yaylaks: 3,001.70 D
Total land: 3,968.70 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,413.64
Total land taxes: RUB 168.21
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 75.90
Total revenue: RUB 271.65
Large livestock: 119
Small livestock: 805
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 18 hours
88. Lyakatakh
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 44.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 48.90 D
Yaylaks: 618.19 D
Total land: 714.69 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,069.82

289

Total land taxes: RUB 187.30
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 55.52
Total revenue: RUB 253.53
Large livestock: 257
Small livestock: 1,126
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
lopats for 2 days
89. Zeynaddin [Zeynəddin]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 91.90 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 546.10 D
Yaylaks: 2.64 D
Total land: 634.64 D
Total households: 119 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 16,121.56
Total land taxes: RUB 1,346.41
Army tax: RUB 133.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 374.28
Total revenue: RUB 1,853.80
Large livestock: 235
Small livestock: 316
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 18 days
90. Nakhshi-Nargiz
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 82.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 62.50 D
Yaylaks: 11.84 D
Total land: 159.75 D
Total households: 10 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,719.13
Total land taxes: RUB 143.59
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 79.75
Total revenue: RUB 234.05
Large livestock: 41
Small livestock: 115
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 18 days

290

Part II

91. Orta-Anzur
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 97.00 D
Yaylaks: 118.00 D
Total land: 217.10 D
Total households: 8 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 412.80
Total land taxes: RUB 34.51
Army tax: RUB 3.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 19.50
Total revenue: RUB 57.07
Large livestock: 82
Small livestock: 380
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
92. Teyvaz
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 156.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.50 D
Yaylaks: 693.35 D
Total land: 864.35 D
Total households: 29 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 910.83
Total land taxes: RUB 76.08
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 131.15
Total revenue: RUB 237.83
Large livestock: 216
Small livestock: 259
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for 18 days
93. Khanaga [Xanəgah]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 144.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.50 D

Yaylaks: 1,448.85 D
Total land: 1,814.85 D
Total households: 80 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,290.38
Total land taxes: RUB 358.34
Army tax: RUB 82.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 204.81
Total revenue: RUB 645.77
Large livestock: 269
Small livestock: 564
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
lopats a week
94. Najaf-`Ali Beg Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 58.33 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 44.87 D
Yaylaks: 293.75 D
Total land: 401.11 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,190.19
Total land taxes: RUB 99.42
Army tax: RUB 5.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 53.88
Total revenue: RUB 158.40
Large livestock: 102
Small livestock: 130
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
95. Goynuk
Ownership: Private6
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 85.00 D
Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 397.00 D
Total households: 33 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 757.00
Total land taxes: RUB 63.23
Army tax: RUB 8.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 50.09
Total revenue: RUB 121.48

Table V
Large livestock: 95
Small livestock: 315
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
96. Nagajir
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 703.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,293.63 D
Total land: 3,025.13 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,018.36
Total land taxes: RUB 419.14
Army tax: RUB 18.87
Upkeep of officials: RUB 212.30
Total revenue: RUB 650.31
Large livestock: 199
Small livestock: 675
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
97. Surmalik
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 331.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,218 D
Total land: 1,554.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,127.80
Total land taxes: RUB 177.70
Army tax: RUB 8.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 79.30
Total revenue: RUB 265.16
Large livestock: 114
Small livestock: 375
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
98. Surab [Sirab]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 40.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.00 D

291

Irrigated plowed fields: 503.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 403.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,593.00 D
Total land: 2,553.00 D
Total households: 126 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 15,131.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,263.73
Army tax: RUB 137.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 750.99
Total revenue: RUB 2,152.42
Large livestock: 573
Small livestock: 563
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 54 hours a week
99. Shah-Miran-shah
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 141.00 D
Yaylaks: 6.00 D
Total land: 163.00 D
Total households: 46 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,738.40
Total land taxes: RUB 312.26
Army tax: RUB 52.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 108.10
Total revenue: RUB 472.38
Large livestock: 119
Small livestock: 195
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
lopats for 18 hours a week
Abrakunis Commune
100. Abrakunis [Abragunus]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 7.71 D
Orchards and vineyards: 26.69 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 262.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 115.10 D

292

Part II

Yaylaks: 250.00 D
Total land: 671.10 D
Total households: 155 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,727.89
Total land taxes: RUB 964.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 155.43
Total revenue: RUB 1,120.12
Large livestock: 286
Small livestock: 350
Units of water used for irrigation:
10 lopats for 30 hours for 18 days a
month
101. Arazin [Ərəzin]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 454.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 371.80 D
Total land: 885.80 D
Total households: 117 (69 Tatar and
48 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,480.72
Total land taxes: RUB 875.33
Army tax: RUB 21.33 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 238.80
Total revenue: RUB 1,136.06
Large livestock: 248
Small livestock: 1,420
Units of water used for irrigation:
10 lopats for 24 hours for 18 days a
month
102. Jamaldin [Camaldın]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.04 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 378.96 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 538.66 D
Total land: 970.66 D
Total households: 69 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,524.66

Total land taxes: RUB 711.94
Army tax: RUB 31.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 135.86
Total revenue: RUB 878.91
Large livestock: 373
Small livestock: 1,200
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for a total of 22 hours every 10
days
103. Kızılja [Qızılca]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 222.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 105.00 D
Yaylaks: 456.00 D
Total land: 796.86 D
Total households: 32 (27 Tatar and
5 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,411.80
Total land taxes: RUB 368.48
Army tax: RUB 24.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 100.29
Total revenue: RUB 493.25
Large livestock: 68
Small livestock: 135
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for a total of 22 hours every 10
days
104. Khachaparakh
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 97.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 786.00 D
Yaylaks: 5,730.00 D
Total land: 6,620.00 D
Total households: 92 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,548
Total land taxes: RUB 880.95
Army tax: RUB 33.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 674.69
Total revenue: RUB 1,588.79
Large livestock: 232

Table V
Small livestock: 605
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
105. Gyal-Jarajur
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.20 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 156.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 259.33 D
Yaylaks: 2,280 D
Total land: 2,714.19 D
Total households: 38 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,372.22
Total land taxes: RUB 365.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 288.03
Total revenue: RUB 653.18
Large livestock: 179
Small livestock: 216
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
106. Norashen
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 13.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 199.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 297.00 D
Yaylaks: 677.00 D
Total land: 1,200.00 D
Total households: 139 (87 Tatar and
52 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,631.70
Total land taxes: RUB 1,079.41
Army tax: RUB 76.50 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 201.44
Total revenue: RUB 1,357.35
Large livestock: 416
Small livestock: 235
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for a total of 36 hours every 10
days

293

107. Saltakh [Saltaq]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 41.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,280.00 D
Total land: 2,443.00 D
Total households: 80 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,956
Total land taxes: RUB 246.89
Army tax: RUB 67.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 282.44
Total revenue: RUB 596.65
Large livestock: 217
Small livestock: 665
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
108. Paradasht
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 27.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 350.81 D
Yaylaks: 3,000.00 D
Total land: 3,494.81 D
Total households: 189 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,568.50
Total land taxes: RUB 864.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 370.56
Total revenue: RUB 988.61
Large livestock: 239
Small livestock: 320
109. Khoshkeshin [Xoşkeşin]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 126.00 D
Yaylaks: 699.25 D
Total land: 843.25 D

294

Part II

Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,102.43
Total land taxes: RUB 155.34
Army tax: RUB 11.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 105.88
Total revenue: RUB 272.44
Large livestock: 111
Small livestock: 160
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring
110. Shurut [Şurud]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 57.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 315.00 D
Yaylaks: 4,150.00 D
Total land: 4,562.00 D
Total households: 184 (149 Armenian and 35 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,770
Total land taxes: RUB 914.25
Army tax: RUB 18.36 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 481.90
Total revenue: RUB 1,414.51
Large livestock: 314
Small livestock: 891
Units of water used for irrigation:
spring

Large livestock: 153
Small livestock: 510
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for a total of 32 hours every 10
days
112. Bananyar [Beneniar]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 78.16 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 336.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 83.00 D
Yaylaks: 800.00 D
Total land: 1,305.16 D
Total households: 126 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,461.40
Total land taxes: RUB 873.70
Army tax: RUB 123.93
Upkeep of officials: RUB 181.05
Total revenue: RUB 1,178.68
Large livestock: 260
Small livestock: 340
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
lopat for a total of 36 hours every 10
days
Nehram Commune
113. Nehram [Nehrəm]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE

111. Kırna7

ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 17.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 158.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 785.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,420.66 D
Total land: 2,385.66 D
Total households: 87 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,104.51
Total land taxes: RUB 676.85
Army tax: RUB 99.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 291.78
Total revenue: RUB 1,068.08

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 34.40 D
Vegetable gardens: 8.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,868.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,700.00 D
Total land: 3,641.40 D
Total households: 366 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 38,627.60
Total land taxes: RUB 3,226.34
Army tax: RUB 524.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,399.46

Table V
Total revenue: RUB 6,150.29
Large livestock: 996
Small livestock: 3,500
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
lopats for 4 days a week
114. Kuznut [Güznüt]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.20 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,630.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 25.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,665.80 D
Total land: 3,356.00 D
Total households: 309 (289
Armenian and 20 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 34,194.12
Total land taxes: RUB 6,553.83
Army tax: RUB 33.15 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,612.59
Total revenue: RUB 5,127.46
Large livestock: 670
Small livestock: 1,600
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
lopats per week
115. Julfa [Culfa]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.50 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 20.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 586.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,381.44 D
Total land: 2,006.94 D
Total households: 131 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,652.57
Total land taxes: RUB 2,616.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 570.96
Total revenue: RUB 3,187.68
Large livestock: 348
Small livestock: 1,215

295

Units of water used for irrigation: ½
lopat for one day per month

Fourth Police Prefecture
Residence of the police superintendent: Town of Ordubad
Akulis Commune
116. Armenian Akulis (Upper)
[Yuxari Əylis]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 112.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 29.25 D
Yaylaks: 24.00 D
Total land: 179.25 D
Total households: 216 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,050.60
Total land taxes: RUB 755.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,344
Total revenue: RUB 2,099.88
Large livestock: 140
Small livestock: 350
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
117. Tatar Akulis (Upper)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.33 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.66 D
Total land: 15.59 D
Total households: 71 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 451.52
Total land taxes: RUB 37.69
Army tax: RUB 28.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 220.60
Total revenue: RUB 286.85

296

Part II

Large livestock: 38
Small livestock: 114
118. Akulis (Lower) [Aşaği Əylis]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 12.06 D
Orchards and vineyards: 59.46 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 70.31 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 99.54 D
Yaylaks: 1,626.00 D
Total land: 1,867.37 D
Total households: 124 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,360.66
Total land taxes: RUB 614.73
Upkeep of officials: RUB 470.90
Total revenue: RUB 1,085.63
Large livestock: 71
Small livestock: 164
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
119. Nujade
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 305.50 D
Total households: 36 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 497.00
Total land taxes: RUB 41.51
Army tax: RUB 11.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 95.78
Total revenue: RUB 148.51
Large livestock: 53
Small livestock: 428
120. Nus-Nus [Nüsnüs]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 35.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 59.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 13.00 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 610.00 D

Total households: 66 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,880
Total land taxes: RUB 240.53
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 173.97
Total revenue: RUB 437.45
Large livestock: 82
Small livestock: 423
Units of water used for irrigation:
14
121. Andamich (Upper) [Yuxari
Andamic]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.97 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.42 D
Yaylaks: 43.71 D
Total land: 74.40 D
Total households: 41 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,687.07
Total land taxes: RUB 140.90
Army tax: RUB 17.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 146.40
Total revenue: RUB 305.15
Large livestock: 37
Small livestock: 200
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
122. Gyanza [Gənzə]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.33 D
Orchards and vineyards: 29.73 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 65.00 D
Yaylaks: 468.23 D
Total land: 586.29 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,236.64
Total land taxes: RUB 186.79
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 94.10
Total revenue: RUB 325.73
Large livestock: 46
Small livestock: 560

Table V
123. Anabad
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.25 D
Yaylaks: 70.00 D
Total land: 80.25 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 207.75
Total land taxes: RUB 17.37
Army tax: RUB 4.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 26.25
Total revenue: RUB 48.21
Large livestock: 9
Small livestock: 13
124. Kilit
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.73 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 57.60 D
Yaylaks: 2,305.76 D
Total land: 2,377.59 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,316.11
Total land taxes: RUB 109.92
Army tax: RUB 16.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 110.55
Total revenue: RUB 236.79
Large livestock: 25
Small livestock: 190
125. Ketam [Kotam]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.87 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 16.50 D
Yaylaks: 2,952.02 D
Total land: 2,973.89 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 377.84
Total land taxes: RUB 31.56
Army tax: RUB 10.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 80.00

297

Total revenue: RUB 121.76
Large livestock: 20
Small livestock: 80
126. Karchevan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 20.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 82.75 D
Yaylaks: 2,609.00 D
Total land: 2,715.75 D
Total households: 53 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,226.10
Total land taxes: RUB 810.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 226.40
Total revenue: RUB 1,036.40
Large livestock: 114
Small livestock: 309
127. Armenian Varagirt
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 30.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 555.00 D
Total households: 81 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,640
Total land taxes: RUB 136.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 221.44
Total revenue: RUB 358.40
Large livestock: 33
Small livestock: 20
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
128. Tatar Varagirt
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 1.92 D
Yaylaks: 200.00 D
Total land: 202.92 D
Total households: 19 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 135.00

298

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 11.26
Army tax: RUB 6.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 38.80
Total revenue: RUB 56.18
Large livestock: 8
Small livestock: 9
129. Mirza Ja`far Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.90 D
Total land: 15.00 D
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 349.50
Total land taxes: RUB 29.18
Army tax: RUB 4.59
Upkeep of officials: RUB 11.46
Total revenue: RUB 45.23
Large livestock: 14
Small livestock: 66
Aza Commune

Small livestock: 109
Units of water used for irrigation:
25
131. Aza (Lower)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 1.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 25.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 216.75 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 348.33 D
Total households: 84 (53 Tatar and
31 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,069.75
Total land taxes: RUB 506.91
Army tax: RUB 61.20 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 404.11
Total revenue: RUB 972.22
Large livestock: 116
Small livestock: 76
Units of water used for irrigation:
22
132. Yaiji [Yaycı]

130. Aza (Upper)
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 45.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 350.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D
Yaylaks: 594.00 D
Total land: 1,202.00 D
Total households: 147 (142 Armenian and 5 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,312.60
Total land taxes: RUB 1,028.31
Army tax: RUB 6.12 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 863.64
Total revenue: RUB 1,898.07
Large livestock: 80

Ownership: Personal
Inhabited space: 31.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 33.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,187.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 241.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,000.00 D
Total land: 3,495.30 D
Total households: 211 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 58,577.25
Total land taxes: RUB 3,149.69
Army tax: RUB 264.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,263.97
Total revenue: RUB 4,678.35
Large livestock: 454
Small livestock: 129
Units of water used for irrigation:
30
133. Karim-Qoli Diza
Ownership: Private

Table V
Inhabited space: 2.50 D
Vegetable gardens: 0.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 12.23 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 86.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 677.25 D
Yaylaks: 3,676.25 D
Total land: 4,456.00 D
Total households: 29 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 9,503
Total land taxes: RUB 793.67
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 167.33
Total revenue: RUB 1,000.78
Large livestock: 74
Small livestock: 14
134. Der [Dar]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 40.05 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 232.00 D
Yaylaks: 150.00 D
Total land: 429.05 D
Total households: 88 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,156.75
Total land taxes: RUB 597.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 464.59
Total revenue: RUB 1,062.29
Large livestock: 72
Small livestock: 91
Units of water used for irrigation:
13
135. Sumbatan Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 1.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 8.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 91.25 D
Yaylaks: 400.00 D
Total land: 502.25 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,595.25
Total land taxes: RUB 216.78

299

Army tax: RUB 32.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 151.57
Total revenue: RUB 400.48
Large livestock: 51
Small livestock: 21
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
136. Mirza Hasan Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 18.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 85.75 D
Yaylaks: 100.00 D
Total land: 205.00 D
Total households: 13 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,945.50
Total land taxes: RUB 246.28
Army tax: RUB 16.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 70.07
Total revenue: RUB 333.18
Large livestock: 2
Small livestock: 1
Units of water used for irrigation:
10
137. Hosein `Ali Beg Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 60.00 D
Total land: 102.50 D
Total households: 11 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 976
Total land taxes: RUB 81.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 50.79
Total revenue: RUB 132.31
Large livestock: 26
Small livestock: 5
138. Khoda-Verdi Beg Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 0.20 D
Orchards and vineyards: 10.46 D

300

Part II

Irrigated plowed fields: 172.50 D
Yaylaks: 500.00 D
Total land: 686.16 D
Total households: 26 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,175.50
Total land taxes: RUB 265.20
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 126.01
Total revenue: RUB 421.81
Large livestock: 57
Small livestock: 25
Units of water used for irrigation:
14
139. Düglun [Düylün]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 9.78 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.25 D
Orchards and vineyards: 11.37 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 222.96 D
Yaylaks: 623.82 D
Total land: 872.18 D
Total households: 49 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,517.60
Total land taxes: RUB 617.89
Army tax: RUB 114.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 322.74
Total revenue: RUB 1,055.38
Large livestock: 181
Small livestock: 38
Units of water used for irrigation:
20
140. Dülgun Diza
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.50 D
Yaylaks: 60.00 D
Total land: 130.75 D
Total households: 16 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,629.50
Total land taxes: RUB 285.83
Army tax: RUB 22.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 55.95

Total revenue: RUB 364.73
Large livestock: 12
Small livestock: 3
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
141. Kalantar Diza
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.75 D
Vegetable gardens: 0.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.24 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 36.91 D
Total land: 43.00 D
Total households: 17 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,068.20
Total land taxes: RUB 89.22
Army tax: RUB 19.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 91.67
Total revenue: RUB 200.78
Large livestock: 74
Small livestock: 14
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
Vanand Commune
142. Vanand [Vənənd]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 15.40 D
Orchards and vineyards: 82.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 242.00 D
Yaylaks: 483.25 D
Total land: 823.15 D
Total households: 149 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,881.42
Total land taxes: RUB 1,149.53
Army tax: RUB 63.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 734.70
Total revenue: RUB 1,947.17
Large livestock: 300
Small livestock: 600
Units of water used for irrigation:
91

Table V
143. Pazmara [Pəzməri]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.06 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 56.00 D
Yaylaks: 310.00 D
Total land: 373.06 D
Total households: 8 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 349.90
Total land taxes: RUB 44.22
Army tax: RUB 3.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 41.14
Total revenue: RUB 73.57
Large livestock: 25
Small livestock: 75
Units of water used for irrigation:
1¼
144. Unus
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.10 D
Orchards and vineyards: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 34.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 35.00 D
Yaylaks: 424.55 D
Total land: 504.65 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,150.85
Total land taxes: RUB 96.11
Army tax: RUB 45.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 165.50
Total revenue: RUB 307.51
Large livestock: 57
Small livestock: 235
Units of water used for irrigation:
3½
145. Kalaki [Kələki]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 13.56 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 25.35 D
Yaylaks: 202.00 D
Total land: 244.91 D

301

Total households: 42 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,094.45
Total land taxes: RUB 91.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 192.08
Total revenue: RUB 283.48
Large livestock: 49
Small livestock: 110
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
146. Dernis [Dırnıs]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 0.84 D
Orchards and vineyards: 14.57 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 28.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 352.00 D
Total land: 401.75 D
Total households: 73 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,315.80
Total land taxes: RUB 175.64
Army tax: RUB 87.21
Upkeep of officials: RUB 350.75
Total revenue: RUB 613.60
Large livestock: 53
Small livestock: 252
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
147. Lotf-`Ali Soltan Diza [Diza]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.90 D
Yaylaks: 0.60 D
Total land: 13.65 D
Total households: 4 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 194.16
Total land taxes: RUB 16.21
Army tax: RUB 3.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 12.90
Total revenue: RUB 32.17
Large livestock: 4

302

Part II

148. Dostı (also known as Dast)
[Dəstə]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 35.82 D
Orchards and vineyards: 72.98 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,135.37 D
Yaylaks: 160.44 D
Total land: 1,406.48 D
Total households: 291 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 27,144.86
Total land taxes: RUB 2,267.08
Army tax: RUB 350.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,238.75
Total revenue: RUB 3,856.20
Large livestock: 370
Small livestock: 1,100
Units of water used for irrigation:
96
149. Danagirt
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.67 D
Orchards and vineyards: 33.06 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 30.11 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Yaylaks: 337.11 D
Total land: 413.38 D
Total households: 82 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,950.72
Total land taxes: RUB 246.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 254.40
Total revenue: RUB 500.82
Large livestock: 111
Small livestock: 50
Units of water used for irrigation:
10
150. Sal
Ownership: Treasury
Total households: 5 (All Tatar)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 7.90
Total revenue: RUB 7.90

151. Dehsar
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.84 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 44.16 D
Yaylaks: 70.64 D
Total land: 119.14 D
Total households: 26 (17 Armenian
and 9 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 801.82
Total land taxes: RUB 91.84
Army tax: RUB 7.65 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 131.47
Total revenue: RUB 230.96
Large livestock: 66
Small livestock: 125
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
152. Valaver [Vələvər]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.40 D
Yaylaks: 214.60 D
Total land: 246.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 782.46
Total land taxes: RUB 167.08
Army tax: RUB 32.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 142.98
Total revenue: RUB 342.19
Large livestock: 33
Small livestock: 70
Units of water used for irrigation:
11
153. Mirza Ja`far Khan Diza
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 0.50 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.25 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 7.50 D
Yaylaks: 24.75 D
Total land: 36.25 D

Table V
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 668.15
Total land taxes: RUB 93.16
Army tax: RUB 9.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 46.16
Total revenue: RUB 148.50
Large livestock: 7
Small livestock: 45
Units of water used for irrigation:
4¾
154. Agri
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.50 D
Yaylaks: 39.20 D
Total land: 64.25 D
Total households: 22 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 479.12
Total land taxes: RUB 91.84
Army tax: RUB 24.48
Upkeep of officials: RUB 110.05
Total revenue: RUB 226.37
Large livestock: 21
Small livestock: 30
Units of water used for irrigation:
16
155. Khanaga [Xanəgah]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.61 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 79.21 D
Yaylaks: 46.70 D
Total land: 135.20 D
Total households: 44 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,556.32
Total land taxes: RUB 298.30
Army tax: RUB 18.87
Upkeep of officials: RUB 247.93
Total revenue: RUB 565.10
Large livestock: 40
Small livestock: 90

303

Units of water used for irrigation:
19
Chananab Commune
156. Bilyav [Biləv]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 155.53 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 142.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 400.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 1,712.33 D
Total households: 141 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,456.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,040.32
Army tax: RUB 60.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 490.13
Total revenue: RUB 1,591.14
Large livestock: 198
Small livestock: 770
Units of water used for irrigation:
20
157. Begrut [Behrud]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.95 D
Orchards and vineyards: 18.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 63.00 D
Yaylaks: 315.80 D
Total land: 399.75 D
Total households: 24 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,332.38
Total land taxes: RUB 111.28
Army tax: RUB 9.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 101.32
Total revenue: RUB 222.29
Large livestock: 49
Small livestock: 45
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
158. Paraga [Parağa]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 7.18 D

304

Part II

Orchards and vineyards: 36.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 220.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 176.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,423.91 D
Total land: 2,873.09 D
Total households: 78 (47 Armenian
and 31 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,927.11
Total land taxes: RUB 578.54
Army tax: RUB 4.59 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 338.03
Total revenue: RUB 921.16
Large livestock: 261
Small livestock: 1,000
Units of water used for irrigation:
13
159. Tiva [Tivi]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 365.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 794.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,860.00 D
Total land: 3,139.00 D
Total households: 89 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,473
Total land taxes: RUB 958.16
Army tax: RUB 113.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 364.26
Total revenue: RUB 1,435.64
Large livestock: 572
Small livestock: 2,100
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
160. Bist
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 41.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 168.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 591.00 D

Yaylaks: 300.00 D
Total land: 1,115.00 D
Total households: 97 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 8,206
Total land taxes: RUB 685.34
Army tax: RUB 39.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 594.38
Total revenue: RUB 1,318.99
Large livestock: 289
Small livestock: 900
Units of water used for irrigation:
11
160a. Tilyak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 0.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 29.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 76.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 0.75 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 507.00 D
Total land: 618.33 D
Total households: 62 with 160b and
160c (All Armenian)
Total income: RUB 823.52
Total land taxes: RUB 157.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 36.28
Total revenue: RUB 194.11
Large livestock: 34
Small livestock: 60
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
160b. Khurus
Ownership: Treasury
Irrigated plowed fields: 27.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 93.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.25 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.50 D
Yaylaks: 30.25 D
Total land: 154.50 D
Total households: See 160a
Total income: RUB 806.27
Total land taxes: RUB 154.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 64.84
Total revenue: RUB 219.38

Table V
Large livestock: 36
Small livestock: 130
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
160c. Dargamar
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 56.00 D
Yaylaks: 799.25 D
Total land: 856.25 D
Total households: See 160a
Total income: RUB 419.93
Total land taxes: RUB 35.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 30.31
Total revenue: RUB 65.37
Large livestock: 31
Small livestock: 63
161. Nasirvaz
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 6.66 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 40.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 94.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 1.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 1,143.66 D
Total households: 58 (32 Tatar and
26 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,422
Total land taxes: RUB 118.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 202.10
Total revenue: RUB 320.85
Large livestock: 136
Small livestock: 630
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
162. Alagi
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 140.00 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 600.00 D

305

Total land: 817.00 D
Total households: 88 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,101
Total land taxes: RUB 175.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 187.68
Total revenue: RUB 363.14
Large livestock: 57
Small livestock: 190
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
163. Nürgüt
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 82.61 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 278.88 D
Irrigated fodder fields: 3.75 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.50 D
Yaylaks: 90.68 D
Total land: 471.52 D
Total households: 67 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,456.99
Total land taxes: RUB 470.92
Army tax: RUB 36.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 102.93
Total revenue: RUB 610.57
Large livestock: 67
Small livestock: 157
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
164. Urumis
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 2.16 D
Orchards and vineyards: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 58.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.16 D
Yaylaks: 2,756.89 D
Total land: 2,972.21 D
Total households: 39 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,004.97
Total land taxes: RUB 167.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 167.95
Total revenue: RUB 335.40
Large livestock: 208

306

Part II

Small livestock: 800
Units of water used for irrigation: 4

167. Ustupi Mazra [Üstüpü]
(Pasture)

165. Chananab [Çənnəb]

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 0.30 D
Orchards and vineyards: 2.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 5.00 D
Yaylaks: 30.00 D
Total land: 48.50 D
Total income: RUB 344.26
Total land taxes: RUB 28.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 21.24
Total revenue: RUB 49.99
Large livestock: 22
Small livestock: 50

Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 78.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 98.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 153.25 D
Yaylaks: 1,763.10 D
Total land: 2,104.10 D
Total households: 124 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,758.74
Total land taxes: RUB 815.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 436.13
Total revenue: RUB 1,255.75
Large livestock: 255
Small livestock: 450
Units of water used for irrigation:
18
166. Ustupi [Üstüpü]
Ownership: Treasury/Private
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Orchards and vineyards: 86.75 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 90.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 85.00 D
Yaylaks: 530.00 D
Total land: 801.75 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,290.50
Total land taxes: RUB 564.62
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 397.41
Total revenue: RUB 1,001.81
Large livestock: 177
Small livestock: 315
Units of water used for irrigation:
26

Table V

Key totals for the district (rural areas, 1907)

307

8

Tatars: 7,178 households; 58,883 persons (31,918 male/26,965 female)
Armenians: 5,934 households; 44,615 persons (23,414 male/21,201 female)
Kurds: 620 persons
Russians: 280 persons
Total population: 104,398 persons

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 Underground water conduit; see Chapter II.
3 It no longer exists.
4 The term mazra is from the Arabo-Persian word mazra` (farm/field).
5 A separate commune with one village populated by members of the Russian
Molokan sect.
6 A small part (4.50 D) belonged to a mosque.
7 The former Armenian village of K`rna.
8 For more details, see Chapter III.

Table VI – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Alexandropol District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture

Bozikend Commune

Voskresenkoe Commune

2. Bozikend [Margahovit]

1. Voskresenkova [Lermontov]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.53 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 358.33 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 690.53 D
Yaylaks: 1,112.87 D
Total area: 2,183.26 D
Total households: 100 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 4,633.81
Total land taxes: RUB 991.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,234.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,225.98
Large livestock: 1,462
Small livestock: 825

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.38 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 625.88 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 409.20 D
Yaylaks: 992.53 D
Total area: 2,065.81 D
Total households: 261 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,534.15
Total land taxes: RUB 970.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,280.65
Total revenue: RUB 3,251.29
Large livestock: 2,569
Small livestock: 3,241

Table VI
Nikitin Commune
3. Nikitin [Fioletovo]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.85 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 195.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 709.36 D
Yaylaks: 1,530.38 D
Total area: 2,452.89 D
Total households: 98 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 4,456.30
Total land taxes: RUB 953.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,392.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,345.99
Large livestock: 1,522
Small livestock: 624
Saral Commune
4. Saral [Nor Khachakap]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.35 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 657.28 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.59 D
Yaylaks: 1,296.73 D
Total area: 1,970.95 D
Total households: 88 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,660.00
Total land taxes: RUB 997.61
Army tax: RUB 191.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 187.59
Total revenue: RUB 1,376.45
Large livestock: 874
Small livestock: 1,566
5. Ghursali
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.87 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 423.91 D

309

Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.62 D
Yaylaks: 1,065.47 D
Total area: 1,524.95 D
Total households: 87 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,240.93
Total land taxes: RUB 693.77
Army tax: RUB 113.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.24
Total revenue: RUB 1,151.23
Large livestock: 1,351
Small livestock: 2,453
6. Halavar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.21 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 491.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 418.13 D
Yaylaks: 2,273.12 D
Total area: 3,194.36 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,262.89
Total land taxes: RUB 912.58
Army tax: RUB 130.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 118.30
Total revenue: RUB 1,161.43
Large livestock: 2,684
Small livestock: 4,512
7. Kızıl-Oran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.22 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.04 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 277.22 D
Yaylaks: 900.50 D
Total area: 1,179.98 D
Total households: 33 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,121.03
Total land taxes: RUB 454.04
Army tax: RUB 41.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 70.06
Total revenue: RUB 565.41
Large livestock: 226
Small livestock: 731

310

Part II

8. Khanjughaz [Aznavadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 241.80 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.86 D
Yaylaks: 1,118.22 D
Total area: 1,372.13 D
Total households: 63 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,201.33
Total land taxes: RUB 257.13
Army tax: RUB 130.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 124.24
Total revenue: RUB 511.42
Large livestock: 836
Small livestock: 1,119
9. Haji-Kara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.81 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 881.99 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 144.91 D
Yaylaks: 1,795.51 D
Total area: 2,844.62 D
Total households: 194 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,021.68
Total land taxes: RUB 1,503.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 357.51
Total revenue: RUB 1,860.69
Large livestock: 1,428
Small livestock: 2,246
10. Darbaz [Darpas]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.31 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 393.88 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.05 D
Yaylaks: 590.24 D
Total area: 1,029.88 D
Total households: 60 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,723.64

Total land taxes: RUB 797.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 143.84
Total revenue: RUB 940.96
Large livestock: 549
Small livestock: 736
11. Archut [Arjut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.68 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.85 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 492.24 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.26 D
Yaylaks: 1,903.78 D
Total area: 2,417.81 D
Total households: 67 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,524.95
Total land taxes: RUB 540.51
Army tax: RUB 130.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 140.94
Total revenue: RUB 811.50
Large livestock: 941
Small livestock: 1,632
12. Haydarli
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.51 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.03 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 203.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 44.12 D
Yaylaks: 611.23 D
Total area: 861.88 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,031.72
Total land taxes: RUB 220.86
Army tax: RUB 42.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 76.26
Total revenue: RUB 339.96
Large livestock: 573
Small livestock: 623
13. Efendi [Karadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.08 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.24 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 221.17 D

Table VI
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.59 D
Yaylaks: 892.33 D
Total area: 1,132.01 D
Total households: 28 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,190.96
Total land taxes: RUB 255.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 84.69
Total revenue: RUB 339.63
Large livestock: 284
Small livestock: 1,066
Karakilis Commune
14. Big Karakilis
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 64.95 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 13.55 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,018.31
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1,257.51
D
Yaylaks: 2,381.00 D
Total area: 4,735.32 D
Total households: 480 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 19,054.91
Total land taxes: RUB 4,079.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 2,750.00
Total revenue: RUB 6,829.18
Large livestock: 2,751
Small livestock: 1,600
15. Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 20.84 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 896.01 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 69.22 D
Yaylaks: 1,167.73 D
Total area: 2,188.92 D

311

Total households: 205 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,758.64
Total land taxes: RUB 1,874.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 917.50
Total revenue: RUB 2,792.45
Large livestock: 1,482
Small livestock: 1,982
16. Bzovdal [Bazum]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.82 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.08 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 315.22 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.84 D
Yaylaks: 500.32 D
Total area: 855.28 D
Total households: 50 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,363.08
Total land taxes: RUB 291.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 147.50
Total revenue: RUB 439.30
Large livestock: 675
Small livestock: 1,407
17. Sisimadan
Total households: 32 (All Greek)2
Upkeep of officials: RUB 271.00
Total revenue: RUB 271.00
Large livestock: 128.00
Small livestock: 45
18. Ya`qublu [Gugark]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.63 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 467.89 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 54.20 D
Yaylaks: 645.14 D
Total area: 1,189.66 D
Total households: 108 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,481.80
Total land taxes: RUB 745.31

312

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 330.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,075.81
Large livestock: 1,152
Small livestock: 1,980
19. Sarmusakhli
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.22 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 232.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 88.50 D
Yaylaks: 651.33 D
Total area: 981.05 D
Total households: 66 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,342.65
Total land taxes: RUB 287.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.50
Total revenue: RUB 473.92
Large livestock: 622
Small livestock: 1,175
20. Vartanlu [Khndzorut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.89 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.86 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 248.83 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 120.29 D
Yaylaks: 1,577.88 D
Total area: 1,964.75 D
Total households: 128 (82 Tatar and
46 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,014.88
Total land taxes: RUB 431.34
Army tax: RUB 183.60 (Tatars
only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 250.00
Total revenue: RUB 864.94
Large livestock: 1,435
Small livestock: 2,250

Hamamlu Commune
21. Hamamlu [Spitak]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 45.71 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.38 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2,672.57
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 63.15 D
Yaylaks: 2,534.84 D
Total area: 5,316.65 D
Total households: 389 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 20,911.28
Total land taxes: RUB 4,476.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 894.00
Total revenue: RUB 5,370.56
Large livestock: 2,543
Small livestock: 3,630
22. Chikdamal [Arevashogh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.49 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.31 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 701.13 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.88 D
Yaylaks: 1,155.54 D
Total area: 1,878.35 D
Total households: 117 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,776.23
Total land taxes: RUB 594.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 250.00
Total revenue: RUB 844.32
Large livestock: 741
Small livestock: 1,658
23. Spitak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.45 D

Table VI
Unirrigated plowed fields: 513.56 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.55 D
Yaylaks: 830.74 D
Total area: 1,367.63 D
Total households: 75 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,593.47
Total land taxes: RUB 769.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 204.00
Total revenue: RUB 973.26
Large livestock: 599
Small livestock: 1,001
24. Vartnan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 42.47 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.63 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,475.64
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 112.67 D
Yaylaks: 1,502.01 D
Total area: 3,134.42 D
Total households: 222 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,328.20
Total land taxes: RUB 2,210.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 370.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,580.99
Large livestock: 1,676
Small livestock: 2,213
25. Kachagan [Lernavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.14 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.28 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 656.33 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.76 D
Yaylaks: 815.14 D
Total area: 1,552.65 D
Total households: 99 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,726.38
Total land taxes: RUB 583.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 198.00
Total revenue: RUB 781.60

313

Large livestock: 744
Small livestock: 876
26. Chotur [Saramej]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.51 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.15 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 620.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.29 D
Yaylaks: 1,042.74 D
Total area: 1,691.19 D
Total households: 73 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,497.85
Total land taxes: RUB 534.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 143.00
Total revenue: RUB 677.72
Large livestock: 467
Small livestock: 1,146
Nalband Commune
27. Nalband [Shirakamut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.15 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 888.89 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 67.26 D
Yaylaks: 611.61 D
Total area: 1,581.94 D
Total households: 135 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,932.83
Total land taxes: RUB 1,698.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 289.60
Total revenue: RUB 1,987.80
Large livestock: 1,237
Small livestock: 1,882
28. Big Bekand [Mets Parni]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 34.61 D

314

Part II

Irrigated plowed fields: 10.59 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,906.40
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 101.41 D
Yaylaks: 2,465.33 D
Total area: 4,518.34 D
Total households: 350 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 15,758.42
Total land taxes: RUB 3,373.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 833.25
Total revenue: RUB 4,206.70
Large livestock: 303
Small livestock: 2,216
29. Gogaran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,446.00
D
Yaylaks: 961.00 D
Total area: 2,432.00 D
Total households: 130 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,231.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,976.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 200.20
Total revenue: RUB 2,196.23
Large livestock: 1,218
Small livestock: 1,827
30. Karal [Katnajur]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.13 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.23 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,084.04
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 41.61 D
Yaylaks: 1,180.83 D
Total area: 2,324.87 D
Total households: 164 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,630.21
Total land taxes: RUB 2,061.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 342.38

Total revenue: RUB 2,403.98
Large livestock: 1,139
Small livestock: 1,655
31. Güllüja [Spandaryan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 846.00 D
Yaylaks: 855.00 D
Total area: 1,719.00 D
Total households: 96 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,557.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,189.73
Upkeep of officials: RUB 123.08
Total revenue: RUB 1,312.81
Large livestock: 796
Small livestock: 996
32. Tananlu [Geghasar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.28 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.51 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 452.64 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.51 D
Yaylaks: 394.72 D
Total area: 886.66 D
Total households: 85 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,004.79
Total land taxes: RUB 643.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 189.52
Total revenue: RUB 832.78
Large livestock: 628
Small livestock: 967
33. Kaltakhchi [Hartagyugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.28 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.13 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,016.14
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.92 D
Yaylaks: 1,040.96 D
Total area: 2,103.43 D

Table VI
Total households: 240 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,952.48
Total land taxes: RUB 1,916.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 360.30
Total revenue: RUB 2,276.75
Large livestock: 1,677
Small livestock: 242
34. Gök-Ekhush
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.56 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.66 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 415.15 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.03 D
Yaylaks: 611.61 D
Total area: 1,044.01 D
Total households: 53 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,871.73
Total land taxes: RUB 614.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 138.19
Total revenue: RUB 752.94
Large livestock: 529
Small livestock: 688
35. Abdibeg [Tsaghkaber]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.10 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 19.46 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,230.64
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 229.37 D
Yaylaks: 1,785.04 D
Total area: 2,683.61 D
Total households: 218 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,569.71
Total land taxes: RUB 2,048.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 225.40
Total revenue: RUB 2,274.04
Large livestock: 1,597
Small livestock: 2,415

315

36. Ag-Bulagh [Lusaghbyur]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.93 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 3.48 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 918.63 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.49 D
Yaylaks: 1,610.01 D
Total area: 2,564.56 D
Total households: 145 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,504.68
Total land taxes: RUB 1,392.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 265.75
Total revenue: RUB 1,658.21
Large livestock: 1,733
Small livestock: 1,395
37. Karaboya [Khnkoyan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.26 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.69 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 504.78 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 23.32 D
Yaylaks: 527.23 D
Total area: 1,068.28 D
Total households: 97 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,493.47
Total land taxes: RUB 747.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 107.65
Total revenue: RUB 855.48
Large livestock: 942
Small livestock: 948

Second Police Prefecture
Jajur Commune
38. Jajur
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury

316

Part II

Inhabited space: 27.88 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 816.68 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 58.46 D
Yaylaks: 1,176.86 D
Total area: 2,079.88 D
Total households: 180 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,864.45
Total land taxes: RUB 1,255.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 476.84
Total revenue: RUB 1,732.22
Large livestock: 1,506
Small livestock: 2,713
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
39. Kanakhkran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,053.10
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 76.53 D
Yaylaks: 706.97 D
Total area: 1,857.80 D
Total households: 135 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,377.60
Total land taxes: RUB 2,007.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 384.16
Total revenue: RUB 2,391.60
Large livestock: 1,167
Small livestock: 1,617
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
40. Agh-Kilisa [Krashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.17 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 412.46 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.94 D
Yaylaks: 824.80 D
Total area: 1,265.37 D
Total households: 61 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,013.37
Total land taxes: RUB 645.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 279.00

Total revenue: RUB 924.07
Large livestock: 784
Small livestock: 1,117
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
41. Arikhvali III [Lernut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.85 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 311.56 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.95 D
Yaylaks: 460.96 D
Total area: 781.32 D
Total households: 85 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,195.46
Total land taxes: RUB 255.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 225.33
Total revenue: RUB 481.17
Large livestock: 512
Small livestock: 1,147
42. Sariyar (Mets Sariar)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.53 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 606.51 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 19.84 D
Yaylaks: 1,039.17 D
Total area: 1,677.50 D
Total households: 90 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,472.90
Total land taxes: RUB 529.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 300.20
Total revenue: RUB 829.57
Large livestock: 817
Small livestock: 1,304
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
43. Haji Nazar [Kamo]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,155.80
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.71 D
Yaylaks: 895.80 D

Table VI
Total area: 2,097.91 D
Total households: 166 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,563.05
Total land taxes: RUB 1,619.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 452.34
Total revenue: RUB 2,071.36
Large livestock: 1,553
Small livestock: 2,390
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
44. Big Duzkend [Akhuryan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.95 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,615.45
D
Yaylaks: 191.75 D
Total area: 1,851.25 D
Total households: 238 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 11,960.40
Total land taxes: RUB 2,560.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 665.54
Total revenue: RUB 3,225.98
Large livestock: 1,381
Small livestock: 669
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
Kapanak Commune
45. Big Kapanak [Hovit]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.15 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.15 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2,021.80
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 360.90 D
Yaylaks: 1,474.60 D
Total area: 3,899.60 D
Total households: 278 (277 Armenian and 1 Russian)

317

Total income: RUB 14,870.05
Total land taxes: RUB 3,183.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 543.05
Total revenue: RUB 3,726.30
Large livestock: 1,634
Small livestock: 3,762
46. Khanvali
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.65 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 176.15 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 209.10 D
Yaylaks: 297.10 D
Total area: 688.00 D
Total households: 28 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,739.45
Total land taxes: RUB 372.37
Upkeep of officials: RUB 52.10
Total revenue: RUB 2,224.47
Large livestock: 422
Small livestock: 589
47. Small Kapanak [Hovit]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.38 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.17 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 723.92 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.22 D
Yaylaks: 697.45 D
Total area: 1,455.21 D
Total households: 96 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,873.30
Total land taxes: RUB 1,043.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 194.80
Total revenue: RUB 1,238.02
Large livestock: 575
Small livestock: 1,078
48. Diraklar [Karnut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 957.85 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 26.85 D

318

Part II

Yaylaks: 622.20 D
Total area: 1,618.90 D
Total households: 109 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,228.45
Total land taxes: RUB 1,333.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 287.40
Total revenue: RUB 1,620.72
Large livestock: 796
Small livestock: 1,230
49. Chirakhli
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 34.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,327.70
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 225.45 D
Yaylaks: 1,325.70 D
Total area: 2,912.90 D
Total households: 157 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,858.45
Total land taxes: RUB 2,110.42
Upkeep of officials: RUB 408.17
Total revenue: RUB 2,518.59
Large livestock: 1,735
Small livestock: 3,360
50. Baghdad-Dolutakht
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 1.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 30.65 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 72.15 D
Yaylaks: 34.90 D
Total area: 139.10 D
Total households: 21 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 426.92
Total land taxes: RUB 91.39
Army tax: RUB 26.01
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.63
Total revenue: RUB 153.03
Large livestock: 102
Small livestock: 134

Kaftarli Commune
51. Big Kaftarli
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 60.61 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,211.70
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.38 D
Yaylaks: 859.31 D
Total area: 2,566.37 D
Total households: 220 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,492.93
Total land taxes: RUB 2,032.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 533.87
Total revenue: RUB 2,466.09
Large livestock: 1,837
Small livestock: 2,456
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
52. Small Bekand [Anushavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 29.38 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 943.83 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.88 D
Yaylaks: 434.12 D
Total area: 1,411.21 D
Total households: 211 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,987.58
Total land taxes: RUB 1,281.81
Upkeep of officials: RUB 328.30
Total revenue: RUB 1,610.11
Large livestock: 1,563
Small livestock: 2,179
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
53. Golgat [Geghanist]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.60 D

Table VI
Unirrigated plowed fields: 950.72 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.68 D
Yaylaks: 256.64 D
Total area: 1,235.10 D
Total households: 120 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,772.96
Total land taxes: RUB 593.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 184.65
Total revenue: RUB 778.23
Large livestock: 656
Small livestock: 897
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
54. Kasum-`Ali [Getap]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.41 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 490.54 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.12 D
Yaylaks: 160.60 D
Total area: 672.67 D
Total households: 70 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,106.37
Total land taxes: RUB 664.99
Upkeep of officials: RUB 179.52
Total revenue: RUB 844.51
Large livestock: 433
Small livestock: 568
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
55. Eganlar [Arevshat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 24.53 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,055.63
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.70 D
Yaylaks: 279.38 D
Total area: 1,368.24 D
Total households: 143 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,590.56
Total land taxes: RUB 1,410.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 293.08
Total revenue: RUB 1,703.96

319

Large livestock: 829
Small livestock: 1,234
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
56. Kulijan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.39 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 539.58 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 72.63 D
Yaylaks: 224.64 D
Total area: 853.54 D
Total households: 96 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,803.65
Total land taxes: RUB 814.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 114.94
Total revenue: RUB 929.12
Large livestock: 686
Small livestock: 721
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
57. Norashen
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.87 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 536.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.55 D
Yaylaks: 229.96 D
Total area: 801.98 D
Total households: 110 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,862.14
Total land taxes: RUB 398.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 331.20
Total revenue: RUB 729.84
Large livestock: 1,583
Small livestock: 1,300
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
58. Kazanchi [Meghrashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.62 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 992.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.68 D
Yaylaks: 549.14 D

320

Part II

Total area: 1,582.64 D
Total households: 134 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,393.03
Total land taxes: RUB 1,368.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 289.39
Total revenue: RUB 1,657.96
Large livestock: 1,177
Small livestock: 1,465
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
59. Small Arikhvali [Pokr Mantash]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 743.44 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.50 D
Yaylaks: 1,128.36 D
Total area: 1,892.30 D
Total households: 74 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,857.00
Total land taxes: RUB 611.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 220.64
Total revenue: RUB 832.24
Large livestock: 785
Small livestock: 795
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
60. Big Arikhvali [Mets Mantash]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 29.91 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,547.39
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.90 D
Yaylaks: 725.70 D
Total area: 2,303.90 D
Total households: 166 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,099.25
Total land taxes: RUB 1,091.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 268.48
Total revenue: RUB 1,360.06
Large livestock: 1,653
Small livestock: 798
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

Haji-Khalil Commune
61. Haji Khalil [Tsaghkahovit]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 842.43 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.60 D
Yaylaks: 504.31 D
Total area: 1,387.84 D
Total households: 61 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,945.95
Total land taxes: RUB 630.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 192.44
Total revenue: RUB 823.02
Large livestock: 969
Small livestock: 956
62. Keshishkend [Gegharot]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 551.25 D
Yaylaks: 253.35 D
Total area: 814.60 D
Total households: 40 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,810.42
Total land taxes: RUB 387.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.42
Total revenue: RUB 503.99
Large livestock: 447
Small livestock: 520
63. Munjukhli [Tsilkar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 844.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.50 D
Yaylaks: 411.81 D
Total area: 1,293.36 D

Table VI
Total households: 84 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,603.39
Total land taxes: RUB 557.32
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.22
Total revenue: RUB 725.54
Large livestock: 975
Small livestock: 685
64. Agh-Kula
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.15 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 858.23 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.20 D
Yaylaks: 353.70 D
Total area: 1,243.65 D
Total households: 70 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,868.68
Total land taxes: RUB 614.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.19
Total revenue: RUB 759.30
Large livestock: 779
Small livestock: 921
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
65. Armenian Pamb [Lernapar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.59 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 825.38 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.65 D
Yaylaks: 440.31 D
Total area: 1,303.93 D
Total households: 60 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,856.32
Total land taxes: RUB 611.47
Upkeep of officials: RUB 175.34
Total revenue: RUB 786.81
Large livestock: 740
Small livestock: 1,117
66. Kırk-Dagirman
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.36 D

321

Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,947.92
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.80 D
Yaylaks: 151.12 D
Total area: 2,144.20 D
Total households: 129 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,090.40
Total land taxes: RUB 1,303.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 280.03
Total revenue: RUB 1,583.82
Large livestock: 1,636
Small livestock: 1,812
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
67. Danagirmaz [Nigavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 24.60 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,205.15
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.65 D
Yaylaks: 537.25 D
Total area: 1,785.65 D
Total households: 86 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,051.13
Total land taxes: RUB 867.24
Upkeep of officials: RUB 138.87
Total revenue: RUB 1,006.11
Large livestock: 858
Small livestock: 2,290
68. Melik-kend [Melikgyugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 24.29 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,088.62
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 48.08 D
Yaylaks: 1,099.00 D
Total area: 2,259.99 D
Total households: 76 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,128.63
Total land taxes: RUB 883.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 189.73

322

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 1,073.55
Large livestock: 1,037
Small livestock: 2,428
69. Jangi-Tapa [Vardablur]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.20 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 451.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 34.80 D
Yaylaks: 170.80 D
Total area: 670.10 D
Total households: 34 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,487.61
Total land taxes: RUB 318.43
Upkeep of officials: RUB 117.74
Total revenue: RUB 436.17
Large livestock: 374
Small livestock: 583
70. Tatar Duzkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.79 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 745.86 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 107.43 D
Yaylaks: 28.90 D
Total area: 900.98 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,845.55
Total land taxes: RUB 609.15
Army tax: RUB 29.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 161.25
Total revenue: RUB 799.47
Large livestock: 964
Small livestock: 906
71. Tatar Güzel-Dara [Vardenik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.36 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 847.69 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 61.22 D
Yaylaks: 181.57 D
Total area: 1,112.84 D
Total households: 93 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,007.04

Total land taxes: RUB 643.73
Army tax: RUB 30.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 170.48
Total revenue: RUB 844.81
Large livestock: 668
Small livestock: 1,376
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
72. Armenian Güzel-Dara
[Vardenik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.55 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 835.50 D
Yaylaks: 221.72 D
Total area: 1,076.77 D
Total households: 80 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,676.01
Total land taxes: RUB 572.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 212.73
Total revenue: RUB 785.55
Large livestock: 779
Small livestock: 1,031
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
73. Karavansara [Sadunts]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.45 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 285.60 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 78.91 D
Yaylaks: 92.20 D
Total area: 465.36 D
Total households: 33 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,323.40
Total land taxes: RUB 283.30
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.64
Total revenue: RUB 359.65
Large livestock: 308
Small livestock: 676

Table VI
Mirak Commune
74. Mirak
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 655.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 860.00 D
Total area: 1,570.00 D
Total households: 69 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 2,376.00
Total land taxes: RUB 508.62
Army tax: RUB 93.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 296.60
Total revenue: RUB 898.55
Large livestock: 782
Small livestock: 2,812
75. Kichik Jangi [Kaniashir]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 383.50 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.80 D
Yaylaks: 344.24 D
Total area: 754.54 D
Total households: 36 (35 Kurdish
and 1 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,222.83
Total land taxes: RUB 261.80
Army tax: RUB 15.30 (Kurds only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.10
Total revenue: RUB 421.20
Large livestock: 374
Small livestock: 1,175
76. Kondakhsaz [Rya Taza]3
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 640.43 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 24.40 D
Yaylaks: 378.80 D

323

Total area: 1,081.77 D
Total households: 57 (56 Kurdish
and 1 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,111.76
Total land taxes: RUB 452.06
Army tax: RUB 55.08 (Kurds only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 106.10
Total revenue: RUB 613.24
Large livestock: 510
Small livestock: 3,053
77. Kor-Bulagh [Sizavet]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.05 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 232.46 D
Yaylaks: 230.80 D
Total area: 467.31 D
Total households: 42 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 824.93
Total land taxes: RUB 176.59
Army tax: RUB 38.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 86.88
Total revenue: RUB 301.72
Large livestock: 344
Small livestock: 869
78. Jarjaris (Charchakis)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,021.25
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.30 D
Yaylaks: 934.30 D
Total area: 1,973.63 D
Total households: 90 (88 Kurdish
and 2 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,231.37
Total land taxes: RUB 691.74
Army tax: RUB 114.75 (Kurds only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 361.82
Total revenue: RUB 1,168.31
Large livestock: 655
Small livestock: 2,113

324

Part II

79. Kuri-Boghaz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.45 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 436.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 61.84 D
Yaylaks: 1,005.00 D
Total area: 1,513.29 D
Total households: 79 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,936.04
Total land taxes: RUB 414.46
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 268.08
Total revenue: RUB 774.34
Large livestock: 705
Small livestock: 2,365
80. Chobankarakmaz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.71 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 547.93 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.22 D
Yaylaks: 861.87 D
Total area: 1,423.73 D
Total households: 59 (58 Kurdish
and 1 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,699.98
Total land taxes: RUB 363.93
Army tax: RUB 64.26 (Kurds only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 181.21
Total revenue: RUB 609.40
Large livestock: 484
Small livestock: 2,720
81. Kurdish Pamb [Sipan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.55 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 384.29 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.82 D
Yaylaks: 562.29 D
Total area: 991.95 D
Total households: 39 (All Kurdsish)
Total income: RUB 1,477.60
Total land taxes: RUB 316.33
Army tax: RUB 61.20

Upkeep of officials: RUB 109.78
Total revenue: RUB 487.31
Large livestock: 376
Small livestock: 1,321
82. Small Jamshlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.40 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 203.24 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.54 D
Yaylaks: 98.97 D
Total area: 324.15 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 680.49
Total land taxes: RUB 145.62
Army tax: RUB 27.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 143.44
Total revenue: RUB 316.60
Large livestock: 203
Small livestock: 664
83. Big Jamushlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.36 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 263.56 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.20 D
Yaylaks: 208.40 D
Total area: 423.52 D
Total households: 44 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 943.96
Total land taxes: RUB 202.06
Army tax: RUB 50.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.76
Total revenue: RUB 397.31
Large livestock: 350
Small livestock: 1,130

Table VI

325

Third Police Prefecture

86. Kay-Qoli Kazanchi

Residence of the police
superintendent: City of
Alexandropol

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.17 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 966.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.85 D
Yaylaks: 560.35 D
Total area: 1,657.57 D
Total households: 93 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,773.54
Total land taxes: RUB 807.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 528.37
Total revenue: RUB 1,326.19
Large livestock: 1,268
Small livestock: 1,875

Kızıl-Koch Commune
84. Kızıl-Koch [Ashotsk]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 31.39 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,005.61
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 159.46 D
Yaylaks: 478.17 D
Total area: 1,674.63 D
Total households: 89 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,147.38
Total land taxes: RUB 887.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 537.05
Total revenue: RUB 1,424.89
Large livestock: 1,247
Small livestock: 2,136
85. Kor-Akhbyur
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.44 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 992.05 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 66.63 D
Yaylaks: 716.26 D
Total area: 1,795.38 D
Total households: 98 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,728.75
Total land taxes: RUB 798.23
Upkeep of officials: RUB 312.26
Total revenue: RUB 1,110.49
Large livestock: 1,525
Small livestock: 2,344

87. Shish-Tapa [Mets Sepasar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.41 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 905.58 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 164.66 D
Yaylaks: 486.14 D
Total area: 1,578.82 D
Total households: 73 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,850.43
Total land taxes: RUB 824.28
Upkeep of officials: RUB 239.29
Total revenue: RUB 1,063.57
Large livestock: 1,104
Small livestock: 2,232
88. Kay-Qoli Duzkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.68 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 441.73 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 95.70 D
Yaylaks: 421.40 D
Total area: 981.15 D
Total households: 69 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,082.25
Total land taxes: RUB 445.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 226.18

326

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 671.90
Large livestock: 929
Small livestock: 1,034
89. Chiftali [Zuygaghbyur]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.94 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 550.83 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 99.92 D
Yaylaks: 290.63 D
Total area: 963.32 D
Total households: 53 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,363.23
Total land taxes: RUB 505.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 254.49
Total revenue: RUB 760.37
Large livestock: 833
Small livestock: 1,860
90. Kızılkilisa II
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.85 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 303.23 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 296.94 D
Yaylaks: 126.36 D
Total area: 731.38 D
Total households: 50 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,472.12
Total land taxes: RUB 529.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 178.69
Total revenue: RUB 707.91
Large livestock: 622
Small livestock: 809
91. Kurtli-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.27 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 399.01 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.42 D
Yaylaks: 196.51 D
Total area: 622.21 D
Total households: 50 (All
Armenian)

Total income: RUB 1,416.19
Total land taxes: RUB 303.14
Upkeep of officials: RUB 267.71
Total revenue: RUB 470.85
Large livestock: 612
Small livestock: 946
92. Titoy Kharaba [Bavra]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.41 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 395.97 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.97 D
Yaylaks: 404.64 D
Total area: 806.99 D
Total households: 45 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,411.31
Total land taxes: RUB 302.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 281.66
Total revenue: RUB 583.79
Large livestock: 696
Small livestock: 853
93. Bozekhush [Musayelyan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 254.35 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 56.58 D
Yaylaks: 234.27 D
Total area: 557.28 D
Total households: 49 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,199.33
Total land taxes: RUB 256.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 157.80
Total revenue: RUB 414.54
Large livestock: 684
Small livestock: 1,079
94. Dara-Köy [Saragyugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.41 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 404.77 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 150.45 D
Yaylaks: 367.01 D

Table VI
Total area: 932.64 D
Total households: 32 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,181.29
Total land taxes: RUB 466.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 255.32
Total revenue: RUB 722.23
Large livestock: 434
Small livestock: 935
95. Gülli-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.65 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 298.44 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 68.05 D
Yaylaks: 132.81 D
Total area: 503.95 D
Total households: 39 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,315.93
Total land taxes: RUB 281.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 126.27
Total revenue: RUB 407.97
Large livestock: 349
Small livestock: 549
96. Salut
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.11 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 113.43 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 19.28 D
Yaylaks: 155.58 D
Total area: 291.40 D
Total households: 17 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 523.81
Total land taxes: RUB 112.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 97.47
Total revenue: RUB 209.59
Large livestock: 170
Small livestock: 198

327

`Alikhan Commune
97. `Alikhan [Gedik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.34 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 342.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 97.80 D
Yaylaks: 560.30 D
Total area: 1,003.82 D
Total households: 39 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,624.39
Total land taxes: RUB 347.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 242.00
Total revenue: RUB 589.72
Large livestock: 497
Small livestock: 537
98. Karakilis III
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.43 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 403.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.72 D
Yaylaks: 498.71 D
Total area: 924.06 D
Total households: 49 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,386.76
Total land taxes: RUB 296.87
Upkeep of officials: RUB 222.00
Total revenue: RUB 518.87
Large livestock: 683
Small livestock: 523
99. Samurlu [Sarapat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 281.29 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 19.13 D
Yaylaks: 478.68 D
Total area: 786.20 D
Total households: 35 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,080.15

328

Part II

Total land taxes: RUB 231.22
Upkeep of officials: RUB 167.00
Total revenue: RUB 398.22
Large livestock: 538
Small livestock: 684
100. Keflu [Kakavasar]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 327.74 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.48 D
Yaylaks: 524.99 D
Total area: 877.46 D
Total households: 38 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,354.87
Total land taxes: RUB 290.03
Upkeep of officials: RUB 207.00
Total revenue: RUB 497.03
Large livestock: 395
Small livestock: 563
101. Small Sariar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.42 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 407.76 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 31.33 D
Yaylaks: 534.36 D
Total area: 979.87 D
Total households: 63 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,499.74
Total land taxes: RUB 321.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 254.00
Total revenue: RUB 575.00
Large livestock: 728
Small livestock: 688
102. Bash-Keg II
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.01 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 207.86 D

Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.60 D
Yaylaks: 605.15 D
Total area: 847.80 D
Total households: 25 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 979.64
Total land taxes: RUB 209.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 166.00
Total revenue: RUB 375.71
Large livestock: 406
Small livestock: 586
Orta-Kilisa Commune
103. Orta-Kilisa [Mayisyan]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 33.11 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 710.27 D
Yaylaks: 652.71 D
Total area: 1,396.09 D
Total households: 87 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,107.85
Total land taxes: RUB 1,307.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 273.54
Total revenue: RUB 1,581.06
Large livestock: 783
Small livestock: 1,699
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
104. Tanarlu [Hatsik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.92 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 766.08 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 248.53 D
Total area: 1,048.53 D
Total households: 133 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,414.67
Total land taxes: RUB 1,373.16
Upkeep of officials: RUB 349.97

Table VI
Total revenue: RUB 1,723.13
Large livestock: 1,213
Small livestock: 1,281
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
105. Darband [Karmrakar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.19 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 365.97 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.97 D
Yaylaks: 435.42 D
Total area: 819.55 D
Total households: 72 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,392.04
Total land taxes: RUB 298.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.91
Total revenue: RUB 466.91
Large livestock: 443
Small livestock: 631
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
106. Small Keti [Porashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.31 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 243.21 D
Yaylaks: 342.77 D
Total area: 589.29 D
Total households: 56 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 910.94
Total land taxes: RUB 195.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 270.71
Total revenue: RUB 465.73
Large livestock: 402
Small livestock: 893
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
107. Big Keti [Mets Keti]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 873.59 D
Yaylaks: 496.24 D
Total area: 1,381.13 D

329

Total households: 138 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,523.56
Total land taxes: RUB 1,182.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 341.61
Total revenue: RUB 1,524.06
Large livestock: 893
Small livestock: 2,138
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
108. Kalanja (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.81 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 705.31 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 54.74 D
Yaylaks: 252.31 D
Total area: 1,040.17 D
Total households: 139 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,235.24
Total land taxes: RUB 1,334.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 367.45
Total revenue: RUB 1,702.25
Large livestock: 1,005
Small livestock: 267
109. Kalanja (Lower)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.31 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 413.01 D
Yaylaks: 193.80 D
Total area: 614.12 D
Total households: 65 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,422.91
Total land taxes: RUB 732.76
Upkeep of officials: RUB 166.12
Total revenue: RUB 898.88
Large livestock: 445
Small livestock: 800
110. Kaps
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.77 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 334.16 D

330

Part II

Yaylaks: 336.53 D
Total area: 677.46 D
Total households: 77 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,193.53
Total land taxes: RUB 469.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 240.05
Total revenue: RUB 709.57
Large livestock: 477
Small livestock: 284
Illi Karakilis Commune
111. Illi Karakilis
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.22 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 494.02 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.42 D
Yaylaks: 665.75 D
Total area: 1,173.41 D
Total households: 110 (All
Armenias)
Total income: RUB 1,864.69
Total land taxes: RUB 399.19
Upkeep of officials: RUB 289.78
Total revenue: RUB 688.97
Large livestock: 828
Small livestock: 995
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
112. Taknalu [Goghovit]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.63 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 440.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.50 D
Yaylaks: 411.40 D
Total area: 865.63 D
Total households: 67 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,579.39
Total land taxes: RUB 338.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 200.92

Total revenue: RUB 538.98
Large livestock: 547
Small livestock: 682
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
113. Palutlu [Arpeni]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.84 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 592.92 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 26.28 D
Yaylaks: 1,093.50 D
Total area: 1,722.54 D
Total households: 98 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,486.43
Total land taxes: RUB 532.27
Upkeep of officials: RUB 253.03
Total revenue: RUB 785.30
Large livestock: 973
Small livestock: 858
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
114. Chorlu (also known as
Bostanchi Kharaba) [Lernantsk]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.45 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 498.13 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 22.69 D
Yaylaks: 734.80 D
Total area: 1,263.07 D
Total households: 85 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,997.59
Total land taxes: RUB 427.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 238.97
Total revenue: RUB 666.60
Large livestock: 608
Small livestock: 1,050
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
115. Chizikhlar [Tsoghamarg]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 19.57 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 897.44 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.14 D

Table VI
Yaylaks: 507.33 D
Total area: 1,429.48 D
Total households: 134 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,030.39
Total land taxes: RUB 648.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 362.21
Total revenue: RUB 1,011.95
Large livestock: 1,206
Small livestock: 1,051
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
116. Gürji-yol
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.41 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 460.35 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 7.16 D
Yaylaks: 389.90 D
Total area: 863.01 D
Total households: 78 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,630.63
Total land taxes: RUB 349.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 192.93
Total revenue: RUB 542.01
Large livestock: 611
Small livestock: 754
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
117. Ala-Kilisa [Baytar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.14 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 407.94 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.84 D
Yaylaks: 450.97 D
Total area: 871.89 D
Total households: 21 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,489.93
Total land taxes: RUB 318.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 237.76
Total revenue: RUB 556.67
Large livestock: 326
Small livestock: 958

331

118. Bandivan [Nerkin Bandivan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.43 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.09 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,091.80
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.57 D
Yaylaks: 750.14 D
Total area: 1,869.12 D
Total households: 120 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,752.68
Total land taxes: RUB 803.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 360.33
Total revenue: RUB 1,163.68
Large livestock: 1,035
Small livestock: 1,268
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
119. Jelab-Kechut
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.48 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 326.94 D
Yaylaks: 381.15 D
Total area: 714.57 D
Total households: 80 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,190.84
Total land taxes: RUB 254.87
Upkeep of officials: RUB 258.25
Total revenue: RUB 513.12
Large livestock: 790
Small livestock: 1,005
Small Karakilis Commune
120. Small Karakilis
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 74.30 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 11.90 D

332

Part II

Unirrigated plowed fields: 2,937.60
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.60 D
Yaylaks: 489.40 D
Total area: 3,515.80 D
Total households: 557 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 21,822.14
Total land taxes: RUB 4,671.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 799.29
Total revenue: RUB 5,470.87
Large livestock: 3,487
Small livestock: 1,265
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
121. Dagarli [Getk]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.11 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.72 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 670.29 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 27.85 D
Yaylaks: 57.67 D
Total area: 772.64 D
Total households: 104 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,269.55
Total land taxes: RUB 913.94
Upkeep of officials: RUB 216.38
Total revenue: RUB 1,130.32
Large livestock: 713
Small livestock: 407
122. Armenian Bayandur
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.52 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 832.34 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.17 D
Yaylaks: 92.59 D
Total area: 959.62 D
Total households: 100 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,853.77
Total land taxes: RUB 1,467.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 222.17
Total revenue: RUB 1,689.37

Large livestock: 1,143 (shared with
Greek Bayandur, no. 123)
Small livestock: 245 (shared with
Greek Bayandur, no. 123)
123. Greek Bayandur
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.37 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 217.41 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 17.93 D
Yaylaks: 39.89 D
Total area: 281.60 D
Total households: 31 (All Greek)
Total income: RUB 1,903.84
Total land taxes: RUB 407.57
Upkeep of officials: RUB 88.70
Total revenue: RUB 496.37
Large livestock: (see 122)
Small livestock: (see 122)
124. Jlov-khan [Beniamin]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.39 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.84 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 512.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.02 D
Yaylaks: 305.82 D
Total area: 835.07 D
Total households: 90 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,379.98
Total land taxes: RUB 723.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 158.56
Total revenue: RUB 882.12
Large livestock: 574
Small livestock: 376
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
125. Talib-Oghli [Lusakert]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.92 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 344.04 D
Yaylaks: 99.94 D
Total area: 451.90 D

Table VI
Total households: 69 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,137.97
Total land taxes: RUB 457.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 163.55
Total revenue: RUB 621.17
Large livestock: 468
Small livestock: 289
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
126. Ilkhiabi [Aygabats]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,314.00
D
Yaylaks: 532.07 D
Total area: 1,866.95 D
Total households: 166 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,211.10
Total land taxes: RUB 1,757.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 363.99
Total revenue: RUB 2,121.71
Large livestock: 1,398
Small livestock: 487
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
127. Tapa-Dolak [Arevik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.70 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,071.40
D
Yaylaks: 306.65 D
Total area: 1,408.75 D
Total households: 163 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,934.97
Total land taxes: RUB 1,698.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 364.77
Total revenue: RUB 2,063.45
Large livestock: 1,240
Small livestock: 1,510
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

333

128. Alexandrovka [Gharibjanyan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.92 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 233.92 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.40 D
Yaylaks: 0.26 D
Total area: 255.50 D
Total households: 30 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,997.05
Total land taxes: RUB 427.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 41.67
Total revenue: RUB 469.19
Large livestock: 257

Fourth Police Prefecture
Tovshan-Kishlak Commune
129. Tovshan-Kishlak
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.72 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,062.84
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 54.86 D
Yaylaks: 288.61 D
Total area: 1,435.28 D
Total households: 143 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,224.20
Total land taxes: RUB 1,974.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 480.52
Total revenue: RUB 2,455.14
Large livestock: 1,630
Small livestock: 80
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
130. Svanverdi [Lusaghbur]
Ownership: Treasury

334

Part II

Inhabited space: 25.70 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 10.95 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,310.91
D
Yaylaks: 877.82 D
Total area: 2,225.38 D
Total households: 169 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,600.47
Total land taxes: RUB 1,841.07
Upkeep of officials: RUB 474.39
Total revenue: RUB 2,315.46
Large livestock: 1,232
Small livestock: 1,200
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
131. Ghapulu [Gusanagyugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.64 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.05 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,280.55
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 32.59 D
Yaylaks: 714.22 D
Total area: 2,050.05 D
Total households: 200 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,272.28
Total land taxes: RUB 1,770.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 570.47
Total revenue: RUB 2,341.37
Large livestock: 1,492
Small livestock: 582
132. Aghin
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.74 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 5.78 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,106.02
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 5.32 D
Yaylaks: 1,057.72 D
Total area: 2,195.58 D
Total households: 175 (All
Armenian)

Total income: RUB 7,369.40
Total land taxes: RUB 1,577.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 351.39
Total revenue: RUB 1,928.99
Large livestock: 1,261
Small livestock: 405
133. Bozdoghan [Sarakap]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.58 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.87 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 907.30 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.32 D
Yaylaks: 1,173.65 D
Total area: 2,094.72 D
Total households: 167 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,104.37
Total land taxes: RUB 1,306.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 454.99
Total revenue: RUB 1,761.70
Large livestock: 1,082
Small livestock: 800
134. Chirnili
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.94 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 740.07 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 8.50 D
Yaylaks: 755.37 D
Total area: 1,513.88 D
Total households: 101 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,890.43
Total land taxes: RUB 1,046.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 302.18
Total revenue: RUB 1,349.02
Large livestock: 703
Small livestock: 354
135. Ghazarabad
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.12 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 6.24 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 467.76 D

Table VI
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.51 D
Yaylaks: 421.57 D
Total area: 940.20 D
Total households: 80 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,353.59
Total land taxes: RUB 931.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 275.62
Total revenue: RUB 1,207.58
Large livestock: 937
136. Kızılkilisa I [Haykadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.51 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,694.95
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 3.20 D
Yaylaks: 1,472.06 D
Total area: 3,187.72 D
Total households: 150 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,933.51
Total land taxes: RUB 2,768.68
Upkeep of officials: RUB 448.43
Total revenue: RUB 3,217.11
Large livestock: 1,200
Small livestock: 1,138
137. Baburli [Bardzrashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.93 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 501.76 D
Yaylaks: 331.61 D
Total area: 845.30 D
Total households: 75 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,215.67
Total land taxes: RUB 902.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 267.88
Total revenue: RUB 1,170.33
Large livestock: 517
Small livestock: 401
138. Kyalali [Noraber]
Ownership: Treasury

335

Inhabited space: 7.33 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.02 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 357.28 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.65 D
Yaylaks: 215.16 D
Total area: 592.44 D
Total households: 56 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,076.76
Total land taxes: RUB 658.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 242.09
Total revenue: RUB 900.67
Large livestock: 539
Small livestock: 151
139. Zarinja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.60 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 0.04 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 854.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.55 D
Yaylaks: 597.90 D
Total area: 1,465.99 D
Total households: 65 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,471.70
Total land taxes: RUB 1,171.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 135.79
Total revenue: RUB 1,307.14
Large livestock: 552
Small livestock: 877
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
140. Bughdashen [Bagravan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.40 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.61 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 739.83 D
Yaylaks: 838.93 D
Total area: 1,596.77 D
Total households: 63 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,990.81
Total land taxes: RUB 1,068.41
Upkeep of officials: RUB 238.20

336

Part II

Total revenue: RUB 1,306.61
Large livestock: 668
Small livestock: 1,078
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
141. Kegach
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.52 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 408.77 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 0.30 D
Yaylaks: 410.63 D
Total area: 827.22 D
Total households: 66 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,682.00
Total land taxes: RUB 574.11
Upkeep of officials: RUB 130.53
Total revenue: RUB 704.64
Large livestock: 599
Small livestock: 312
142. Yengi-Köy
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.98 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 590.50 D
Yaylaks: 368.00 D
Total area: 964.48 D
Total households: 44 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,973.44
Total land taxes: RUB 422.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 168.02
Total revenue: RUB 590.47
Large livestock: 433
Small livestock: 637
143. Kilich-Yatagh (New Artik)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.55 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 766.30 D
Yaylaks: 726.90 D
Total area: 1,523.75 D
Total households: 101 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,052.90

Total land taxes: RUB 1,081.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 344.81
Total revenue: RUB 1,426.52
Large livestock: 867
Small livestock: 1,505
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
Horom Commune
144. Horom
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT

4

AND COMMUNE

ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.96 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 12.30 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,752.69
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.57 D
Yaylaks: 710.56 D
Total area: 2,504.08 D
Total households: 320 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 13,243.20
Total land taxes: RUB 2,834.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 839.23
Total revenue: RUB 3,674.21
Large livestock: 2,209
Small livestock: 1,104
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
145. Imirkhan [Saratak]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.67 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 671.10 D
Yaylaks: 157.79 D
Total area: 846.60 D
Total households: 110 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,501.03
Total land taxes: RUB 1,177.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 304.72
Total revenue: RUB 1,482.35
Large livestock: 1,062

Table VI
Small livestock: 1,331
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
146. Kutni-Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.84 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 250.10 D
Yaylaks: 85.34 D
Total area: 343.30 D
Total households: 26 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,067.15
Total land taxes: RUB 442.49
Upkeep of officials: RUB 251.60
Total revenue: RUB 694.09
Large livestock: 322
Small livestock: 190
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
147. Tamardash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.39 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 774.10 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.82 D
Yaylaks: 42.05 D
Total area: 841.37 D
Total households: 106 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,336.82
Total land taxes: RUB 1,356.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 473.48
Total revenue: RUB 1,829.93
Large livestock: 1,020
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
148. Mechetli [Nor Kyank]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.55 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1168.79
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.50 D
Yaylaks: 405.29 D
Total area: 1,625.13 D
Total households: 152 (All
Armenian)

337

Total income: RUB 7,399.54
Total land taxes: RUB 1,584.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 368.48
Total revenue: RUB 1,952.54
Large livestock: 1,027
Small livestock: 1,196
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
149. Armutli [Tufashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 2.75 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 599.90 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.10 D
Yaylaks: 307.00 D
Total area: 923.80 D
Total households: 100 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,852.70
Total land taxes: RUB 824.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 283.06
Total revenue: RUB 1,107.86
Large livestock: 645
Small livestock: 361
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
150. Songurli [Hayrenyats]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.14 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 785.07 D
Yaylaks: 380.27 D
Total area: 1,183.48 D
Total households: 120 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,525.12
Total land taxes: RUB 1,396.81
Upkeep of officials: RUB 285.38
Total revenue: RUB 1,682.19
Large livestock: 814
Small livestock: 605
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
151. Sari-Bash [Haykasar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.96 D

338

Part II

Unirrigated plowed fields: 293.50 D
Yaylaks: 138.66 D
Total area: 446.15 D
Total households: 56 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 991.80
Total land taxes: RUB 212.31
Upkeep of officials: RUB 200.78
Total revenue: RUB 413.09
Large livestock: 436
Small livestock: 179
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
Artik Commune
152. Artik
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.88 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 8.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2,206.65
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.43 D
Yaylaks: 940.22 D
Total area: 3,294.98 D
Total households: 395 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,884.85
Total land taxes: RUB 1,687.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 885.89
Total revenue: RUB 2,573.78
Large livestock: 3,005
Small livestock: 413
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
153. Bash-Keg I
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.14 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 918.05 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.85 D
Yaylaks: 436.91 D
Total area: 1,390.95 D

Total households: 125 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,123.28
Total land taxes: RUB 668.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 372.58
Total revenue: RUB 1,041.14
Large livestock: 1,066
Small livestock: 1,208
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
154. Khach-Kilisa
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.59 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 391.47 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 117.65 D
Total area: 529.71 D
Total households: 61 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,315.00
Total land taxes: RUB 281.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 188.76
Total revenue: RUB 470.26
Large livestock: 609
Small livestock: 185
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
155. Kipchag
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 11.14 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 682.43 D
Yaylaks: 174.92 D
Total area: 868.49 D
Total households: 101 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,168.17
Total land taxes: RUB 464.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 268.46
Total revenue: RUB 732.59
Large livestock: 727
Small livestock: 280
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

Table VI
Soghutli Commune
156. Soghutli [Sarnaghbyur]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 45.57 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2,104.16
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 34.88 D
Yaylaks: 1,552.51 D
Total area: 3,737.12 D
Total households: 354 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,399.85
Total land taxes: RUB 1,584.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 474.11
Total revenue: RUB 2,058.21
Large livestock: 3,138
Small livestock: 3,975
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
157. Shirvanjugh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.10 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,388.87
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 4.80 D
Yaylaks: 920.23 D
Total area: 2,334.00 D
Total households: 238 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,711.03
Total land taxes: RUB 1,008.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 241.04
Total revenue: RUB 1,249.54
Large livestock: 2,078
Small livestock: 1,593
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
158. Boghazkyasan [Dzorakap]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.03 D

339

Unirrigated plowed fields: 951.67 D
Yaylaks: 384.23 D
Total area: 1,361.93 D
Total households: 144 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,125.22
Total land taxes: RUB 669.01
Upkeep of officials: RUB 261.17
Total revenue: RUB 930.18
Large livestock: 1,107
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
159. Adiyaman [Getashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.24 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 902.20 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 14.56 D
Yaylaks: 405.00 D
Total area: 1,335.00 D
Total households: 93 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,021.62
Total land taxes: RUB 646.84
Upkeep of officials: RUB 100.25
Total revenue: RUB 747.09
Large livestock: 738
Small livestock: 1,044
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
160. Pirtikyan [Dzoragyugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.25 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 437.66 D
Yaylaks: 146.59 D
Total area: 589.50 D
Total households: 64 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,261.83
Total land taxes: RUB 270.13
Upkeep of officials: RUB 87.70
Total revenue: RUB 357.83
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 313
Units of water used for irrigation: 1

340

Part II

Molla-Gökcha Commune
161. Molla-Gökcha [Maralik]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.46 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,407.20
D
Yaylaks: 786.23 D
Total area: 2,219.89 D
Total households: 198 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,557.09
Total land taxes: RUB 2,259.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 268.14
Total revenue: RUB 2,528.11
Large livestock: 1,526
Small livestock: 360
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
162. Mahmudjuk [Pemzashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 39.84 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,280.89
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 9.15 D
Yaylaks: 766.40 D
Total area: 2,096.28 D
Total households: 238 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,233.81
Total land taxes: RUB 1,762.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 256.74
Total revenue: RUB 2,019.29
Large livestock: 1,162
Small livestock: 778
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
163. Tash-Kala [Karaberd]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.60 D

Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,159.73
D
Yaylaks: 888.01 D
Total area: 2,064.34 D
Total households: 153 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,452.19
Total land taxes: RUB 1,595.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 153.33
Total revenue: RUB 1,748.67
Large livestock: 1,252
Small livestock: 1,059
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
164. Muslukhli
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.35 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 818.19 D
Yaylaks: 289.64 D
Total area: 1,124.18 D
Total households: 110 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,648.44
Total land taxes: RUB 566.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 175.90
Total revenue: RUB 742.85
Large livestock: 872
Small livestock: 252
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
165. Vezir-khana
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.90 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,531.80
D
Yaylaks: 705.90 D
Total area: 2,276.60 D
Total households: 168 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 11,451.65
Total land taxes: RUB 2,451.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 182.58
Total revenue: RUB 2,634.04
Large livestock: 1,316
Small livestock: 1,170

Table VI

341

Units of water used for irrigation: 1
166. Small Kirikh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.80 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 500.29 D
Yaylaks: 349.21 D
Total area: 860.30 D
Total households: 69 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,707.49
Total land taxes: RUB 365.58
Upkeep of officials: RUB 83.33
Total revenue: RUB 448.91
Large livestock: 611
Small livestock: 583

Key totals for the district (rural areas, 1907)5
Armenians: 16,834 households; 138,530 persons (3,334 male/2,935 female)
Tatars: 750 households; 6,269 persons (22,172 male/18,821 female)
Kurds: 5,586 persons
Russians: 1,527 persons
Others: 858 persons
Total population: 152,770 persons

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 The Greeks worked in the copper mine.
3 Yezidi Kurds still live there. The name means “New Way” in Kumanji.
4 By 1914 he had moved to Aghin.
5 For more details, see Chapter III.

Table VII – Rural Population, Land Tenure
and Revenues of the Novo-Bayazet District

Based on statistics for 1907 from the 1908 Provincial Yearbook1
(The figures provided in this table are recorded from the original source
and retain any errors present in those sources. These may be due to rounding
up of numbers by census-takers or errors in the original print. The figures
given for “Total land” and “Total revenue” for each village are not always
equal to the amounts given for specific land use/revenue sources. The scale of
errors that were present in the original sources do not change the overall
conclusions of this work.)
D = desiatins
RUB = rubles
Unless otherwise indicated, all units of water are in bash (see Chapter V)

First Police Prefecture
Russian Lower Akhty Commune
1. Akhty (Lower)
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 552.00 D
Yaylaks: 972.00 D
Total land: 1,536.00 D
Total households: 74 (73 Russian
and 1 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,822
Total land taxes: RUB 851.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 215.68
Total revenue: RUB 1,067.42

Large livestock: 386
Small livestock: 3
2. Konstantinovka
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 182.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 80.00 D
Yaylaks: 564.00 D
Total land: 844.00 D
Total households: 65 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 1,154.00
Total land taxes: RUB 257.17
Upkeep of officials: RUB 188.72
Total revenue: RUB 455.90
Large livestock: 442
Small livestock: 21
3. Sukhoi Fontan
Ownership: Treasury

Table VII
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 202.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 181.00 D
Yaylaks: 217.00 D
Total land: 606.00 D
Total households: 36 (34 Russian
and 2 Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,237.50
Total land taxes: RUB 498.66
Upkeep of officials: RUB 114.58
Total revenue: RUB 613.34
Large livestock: 246
Armenian Lower Akhty Commune
4. Akhty (Lower) [Akhta Nerkin]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 57.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 1.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,575.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 514.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,269.00 D
Total land: 3,416.00 D
Total households: 269 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 12,776.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,847.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 464.55
Total revenue: RUB 3,310.89
Large livestock: 1,013
Small livestock: 1,945
5. Akhty (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,345.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 114.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,324.00 D
Total land: 2,859.00 D

343

Total households: 221 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,902.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,092.46
Upkeep of officials: RUB 289.12
Total revenue: RUB 1,381.58
Large livestock: 963
Small livestock: 1,922
6. Kakhsi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,235.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 341.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,151.00 D
Total land: 2,760.00 D
Total households: 220 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,870.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,199.72
Upkeep of officials: RUB 452.67
Total revenue: RUB 2,652.39
Large livestock: 1,238
Small livestock: 1,936
7. Solak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,060.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 366.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,240.00 D
Total land: 2,680.00 D
Total households: 179 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,838.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,969.64
Upkeep of officials: RUB 397.88
Total revenue: RUB 2,367.52
Large livestock: 1,157
Small livestock: 2,127

344

Part II

8. Aghpara [Aghbyurik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 455.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 232.00 D
Yaylaks: 225.00 D
Total land: 922.00 D
Total households: 78 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,392.50
Total land taxes: RUB 533.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 189.94
Total revenue: RUB 723.14
Large livestock: 592
Small livestock: 813
9. Makravank
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 426.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 103.00 D
Yaylaks: 374.00 D
Total land: 917.00 D
Total households: 65 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 1,797.00
Total land taxes: RUB 400.52
Upkeep of officials: RUB 276.35
Total revenue: RUB 676.87
Large livestock: 476
Small livestock: 198
9a. Sevanavank Monastery2
Ownership: Armenian Church
Total land: 158.40 D
Randamal Commune
10. Randamal [Jrarat]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.00 D

Vegetable gardens: 40.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,700.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 159.00 D
Yaylaks: 474.00 D
Total land: 2,399.00 D
Total households: 310 (306 Armenian and 4 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 11,604.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,586.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 293.62
Total revenue: RUB 2,879.68
Large livestock: 2,028
Small livestock: 604
11. Karavansara [Atarbekyan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 50.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,163.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 48.00 D
Yaylaks: 606.00 D
Total land: 1,871.00 D
Total households: 240 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,653.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,705.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 237.13
Total revenue: RUB 1,942.67
Large livestock: 1,548
Small livestock: 610
12. Yaiji [Zovaber]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 723.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 726.00 D
Total land: 1,494.00 D
Total households: 136 (134
Armenian and 2 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 3,187.20
Total land taxes: RUB 710.32

Table VII
Upkeep of officials: RUB 105.19
Total revenue: RUB 815.51
Large livestock: 879
Small livestock: 760
13. Farukh [Kakavadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 528.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 39.00 D
Yaylaks: 194.00 D
Total land: 778.00 D
Total households: 126 (122
Armenian and 4 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,530.80
Total land taxes: RUB 341.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 158.38
Total revenue: RUB 499.56
Large livestock: 689
Small livestock: 275
14. Babakishi [Aghavnadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 38.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 266.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 103.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,125.00 D
Total land: 1,542.00 D
Total households: 94 (92 Armenian
and 2 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,678.00
Total land taxes: RUB 373.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 164.14
Total revenue: RUB 538.12
Large livestock: 846
Small livestock: 540

345

Taycharukh Commune
15. Taycharukh [Meghradzor]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 19.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 605.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 174.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,651.00 D
Total land: 2,470.00 D
Total households: 164 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,252.50
Total land taxes: RUB 947.74
Upkeep of officials: RUB 216.69
Total revenue: RUB 1,164.43
Large livestock: 2,363
Small livestock: 901
16. Kara-Kala I
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 233.00 D
Yaylaks: 98.00 D
Total land: 337.00 D
Total households: 50 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 497.60
Total land taxes: RUB 110.88
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 56.38
Total revenue: RUB 231.01
Large livestock: 591
Small livestock: 177
17. Korukh-Güney
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 159.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 21.00 D
Yaylaks: 341.00 D
Total land: 524.00 D

346

Part II

Total households: 32 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 602.20
Total land taxes: RUB 134.18
Army tax: RUB 58.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 48.52
Total revenue: RUB 241.35
Large livestock: 256
Small livestock: 154
18. Ulashik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 253.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 45.00 D
Yaylaks: 583.00 D
Total land: 889.00 D
Total households: 90 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 863.60
Total land taxes: RUB 192.50
Army tax: RUB 89.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 32.82
Total revenue: RUB 314.57
Large livestock: 248
Small livestock: 222
19. Takyalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 431.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 50.00 D
Yaylaks: 190.00 D
Total land: 679.00 D
Total households: 83 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,223.00
Total land taxes: RUB 272.54
Army tax: RUB 124.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 127.74
Total revenue: RUB 525.23
Large livestock: 562
Small livestock: 466
20. Novo-Mikhailovka
[Chambarak]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D

Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 123.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 63.00 D
Yaylaks: 123.00 D
Total land: 316.00 D
Total households: 24 (All Greek)
Total income: RUB 611.60
Total land taxes: RUB 136.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 77.85
Total revenue: RUB 214.11
Large livestock: 499
Small livestock: 22
21. Kabakhlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 112.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 35.00 D
Yaylaks: 276.00 D
Total land: 428.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 639.20
Total land taxes: RUB 142.44
Army tax: RUB 43.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 45.00
Total revenue: RUB 230.79
Large livestock: 382
Small livestock: 162
22. Dada-Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 215.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 43.00 D
Yaylaks: 646.50 D
Total land: 916.50 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 798.30
Total land taxes: RUB 177.90
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 100.08
Total revenue: RUB 341.73
Large livestock: 335
Small livestock: 184

Table VII
23. Korchalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 117.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 75.00 D
Yaylaks: 588.00 D
Total land: 787.00 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 758.60
Total land taxes: RUB 169.06
Army tax: RUB 66.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 85.38
Total revenue: RUB 320.74
Large livestock: 339
Small livestock: 330
24. Sovukh-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 242.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 129.00 D
Yaylaks: 229.00 D
Total land: 603.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,180.80
Total land taxes: RUB 263.16
Army tax: RUB 51.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.39
Total revenue: RUB 349.55
Large livestock: 175
Small livestock: 271
25. Dali-Pasha/Pashakend
[Marmarik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 287.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 16.00 D
Yaylaks: 116.50 D
Total land: 427.50 D
Total households: 90 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 808.25
Total land taxes: RUB 180.14

347

Army tax: RUB 132.60
Upkeep of officials: RUB 103.76
Total revenue: RUB 416.50
Large livestock: 253
Small livestock: 191
Arzakend Commune
26. Alapars [Jraber]
RESIDENCE OF COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 66.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,725.00
D
Yaylaks: 1,156.00 D
Total land: 2,983.50 D
Total households: 396 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 11,532.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,569.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,097.69
Total revenue: RUB 3,667.69
Large livestock: 1,254
Small livestock: 1,824
27. Bzhni [Bjni]3
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 63.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,678.00
D
Yaylaks: 1,253.00 D
Total land: 3,103.00 D
Total households: 290 (150
Armenian and 140 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 11,260.50
Total land taxes: RUB 967.84
Army tax: RUB 37.74 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 661.10
Total revenue: RUB 1,666.68
Large livestock: 1,210

348

Part II

Small livestock: 3,000
28. Arzakend [Arzakan]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 60.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 778.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 70.00 D
Yaylaks: 661.00 D
Total land: 1,589.00 D
Total households: 170 (90 Armenian
and 80 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,494.50
Total land taxes: RUB 386.31
Army tax: RUB 20.40 (Tatars only)
Upkeep of officials: RUB 420.61
Total revenue: RUB 827.32
Large livestock: 719
Small livestock: 702
29. Ozanlar [Berkanish]
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 255.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 2.00 D
Yaylaks: 185.00 D
Total land: 446.00 D
Total households: 66 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,640.50
Total land taxes: RUB 141.00
Army tax: RUB 16.83
Upkeep of officials: RUB 89.27
Total revenue: RUB 247.10
Large livestock: 354
Small livestock: 195
30. Gümüsh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 466.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 18.00 D
Yaylaks: 350.00 D
Total land: 839.00 D
Total households: 71 (All Tatar)

Total income: RUB 3,171.00
Total land taxes: RUB 704.44
Army tax: RUB 117.30
Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.97
Total revenue: RUB 938.71
Large livestock: 387
Small livestock: 1,300
31. Dallar (Dallar-Zar)
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 21.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 87.00 D
Yaylaks: 178.00 D
Total land: 291.00 D
Total households: 65 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 552.00
Total land taxes: RUB 47.44
Army tax: RUB 21.93
Upkeep of officials: RUB 100.00
Total revenue: RUB 169.37
Large livestock: 355
Small livestock: 408
32. Aghveran
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 564.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 92.00 D
Yaylaks: 613.60 D
Total land: 1,273.60 D
Total households: 71 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,718.72
Total land taxes: RUB 383.04
Army tax: RUB 127.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 96.97
Total revenue: RUB 607.51
Large livestock: 342
Small livestock: 499

Table VII
Kiankian Commune
33. Kiankian [Hatis]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE’S
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 39.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 866.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 414.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,008.00 D
Total land: 2,327.00 D
Total households: 130 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,116.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,363.04
Army tax: RUB 244.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 202.56
Total revenue: RUB 1,810.40
Large livestock: 673
Small livestock: 691
34. Tez-Kharab
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 580.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 150.00 D
Yaylaks: 618.00 D
Total land: 1,357.00 D
Total households: 92 (89 Armenian
and 3 Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,397.00
Total land taxes: RUB 757.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 122.76
Total revenue: RUB 879.78
Large livestock: 454
Small livestock: 369
35. Kuili
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 314.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 70.00 D
Yaylaks: 763.00 D
Total land: 1,154.00 D

349

Total households: 49 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,144.60
Total land taxes: RUB 255.10
Army tax: RUB 89.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 73.95
Total revenue: RUB 418.30
Large livestock: 252
Small livestock: 419
36. Dava-Kharaba [Avad]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 203.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 170.00 D
Yaylaks: 429.00 D
Total land: 810.00 D
Total households: 47 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 1,357.80
Total land taxes: RUB 302.60
Army tax: RUB 102.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 63.42
Total revenue: RUB 468.02
Large livestock: 265
37. Dalaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 337.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 1.00 D
Yaylaks: 308.00 D
Total land: 652.00 D
Total households: 42 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 752.60
Total land taxes: RUB 167.74
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 63.30
Total revenue: RUB 315.19
Large livestock: 297
38. Kara-Kala II
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 500.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 136.00 D
Yaylaks: 409.00 D

350

Part II

Total land: 1,067.00 D
Total households: 91 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,108.50
Total land taxes: RUB 469.88
Army tax: RUB 163.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 130.82
Total revenue: RUB 763.90
Large livestock: 629
39. Choban-Karakmaz
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 75.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 125.00 D
Total land: 221.00 D
Total households: 9 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 262.00 D
Total land taxes: RUB 58.40 D
Army tax: RUB 15.30 D
Upkeep of officials: RUB 13.32 D
Total revenue: RUB 87.02 D
Large livestock: 90 D
40. Kız-Kala
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 260.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 51.00 D
Yaylaks: 674.00 D
Total land: 993.00 D
Total households: 35 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 925.80
Total land taxes: RUB 206.36
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 54.86
Total revenue: RUB 324.97
Large livestock: 352
41. Bezaklu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 243.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 23.00 D
Yaylaks: 392.00 D

Total land: 666.00 D
Total households: 90 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 695.40
Total land taxes: RUB 154.98
Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.16
Total revenue: RUB 271.14
Large livestock: 342
Small livestock: 228

Second Police Prefecture
Yelenovka Commune
42. Yelenovka [Sevan]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 47.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,500.00
D
Yaylaks: 2,240.00 D
Total land: 3,797.00 D
Total households: 220 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 10,294.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,294.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,005.20
Total revenue: RUB 3,299.30
Large livestock: 546
Small livestock: 9
43. Semyonovka
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 13.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 220.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 190.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,706.00 D
Total land: 2,129.00 D
Total households: 61 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 3,659.00

Table VII
Total land taxes: RUB 815.41
Upkeep of officials: RUB 546.81
Total revenue: RUB 1,362.22
Large livestock: 438
44. Alexandrovka
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 350.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 200.00 D
Yaylaks: 719.00 D
Total land: 1,290.00 D
Total households: 38 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 3,018.50
Total land taxes: RUB 672.69
Upkeep of officials: RUB 452.82
Total revenue: RUB 1,125.51
Large livestock: 485
Small livestock: 164
Chirchir Commune
45. Chirchir [Varser]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE’S
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 487.00 D
Yaylaks: 312.00 D
Total land: 807.00 D
Total households: 112 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,120.00
Total land taxes: RUB 472.45
Upkeep of officials: RUB 144.60
Total revenue: RUB 617.05
Large livestock: 738
Small livestock: 500
46. Shahriz [Geghamavan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 76.00 D

351

Unirrigated plowed fields: 985.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,105.00 D
Total land: 2,212.00 D
Total households: 180 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,222.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,609.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 260.80
Total revenue: RUB 1,870.42
Large livestock: 1,135
Small livestock: 1,300
47. Tsaghkunk
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 968.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 196.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,656.00 D
Total land: 2,846.00 D
Total households: 202 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,668.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,708.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 682.50
Total revenue: RUB 2,391.39
Large livestock: 1,261
Small livestock: 1,390
48. Tutmashen (Karakeshish)
[Ddmashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 27.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,303.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 33.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,491.00 D
Total land: 2,892.00 D
Total households: 295 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,185.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,047.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 461.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,508.05

352

Part II

Large livestock: 1,896
Small livestock: 2,184
49. Komadzor
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 29.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 208.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 10.00 D
Yaylaks: 583.00 D
Total land: 830.00 D
Total households: 82 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,231.50
Total land taxes: RUB 105.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 350.80
Total revenue: RUB 456.66
Large livestock: 635
50. Tsamakaberd
Ownership: Private
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 226.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Yaylaks: 660.00 D
Total land: 909.00 D
Total households: 62 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,100.00
Total land taxes: RUB 94.54
Upkeep of officials: RUB 80.80
Total revenue: RUB 175.34
Large livestock: 435
51. Ordaklu [Lchashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 33.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,178.00
D
Yaylaks: 1,686.00 D
Total land: 2,897.00 D
Total households: 210 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,621.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,252.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 442.83

Total revenue: RUB 1,695.54
Large livestock: 2,905
Small livestock: 2,846
52. Chubuklu [Tsovagiugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,200.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 154.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,450.00 D
Total land: 2,825.00 D
Total households: 212 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,107.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,583.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 342.20
Total revenue: RUB 1,926.08
Large livestock: 1,498
Aghzibir Commune
53. Aghzibir [Lchap]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 828.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 165.00 D
Yaylaks: 715.00 D
Total land: 1,738.00 D
Total households: 116 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,918.50
Total land taxes: RUB 650.46
Army tax: RUB 39.78
Upkeep of officials: RUB 288.15
Total revenue: RUB 978.39
Large livestock: 988
Small livestock: 2,100
54. Beglu-Hoseyn-Sarachlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 30.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 429.00 D

Table VII
Unirrigated fodder fields: 150.00 D
Yaylaks: 279.00 D
Total land: 888.00 D
Total households: 112 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,807.50
Total land taxes: RUB 402.80
Army tax: RUB 33.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 134.52
Total revenue: RUB 570.47
Large livestock: 588
Small livestock: 806
55. Haji-Mukhan [Tsovavard]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 24.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,128.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 78.00 D
Yaylaks: 843.00 D
Total land: 2,073.00 D
Total households: 130 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,862.60
Total land taxes: RUB 637.96
Army tax: RUB 40.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 389.62
Total revenue: RUB 1,068.38
Large livestock: 1,710
Small livestock: 2,250
56. Rahmankend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 350.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 308.00 D
Yaylaks: 435.00 D
Total land: 1,113.00 D
Total households: 72 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,497.50
Total land taxes: RUB 556.57
Army tax: RUB 74.97
Upkeep of officials: RUB 88.49
Total revenue: RUB 720.03
Large livestock: 660
Small livestock: 1,115

353

57. Agh-Kala
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 633.00 D
Yaylaks: 233.00 D
Total land: 893.00 D
Total households: 62 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,436.50
Total land taxes: RUB 320.12
Army tax: RUB 18.87
Upkeep of officials: RUB 215.39
Total revenue: RUB 554.38
Large livestock: 620
Small livestock: 990
58. Ayrivank [Hayravank]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 540.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 96.00 D
Yaylaks: 678.00 D
Total land: 1,341.00 D
Total households: 96 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,433.00
Total land taxes: RUB 542.22
Army tax: RUB 33.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 251.43
Total revenue: RUB 826.80
Large livestock: 519
Small livestock: 1,060
59. Kasa-Mamed
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 37.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 10.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,651.50
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 366.00 D
Yaylaks: 567.00 D
Total land: 2,631.50 D
Total households: 242 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,570.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,241.45

354

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 314.80
Total revenue: RUB 1,556.25
Large livestock: 1,304
Small livestock: 1,510
Units of water used for irrigation: 7
60. Kerimkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 8.50 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.50 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 463.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 123.00 D
Yaylaks: 325.00 D
Total land: 923.00 D
Total households: 72 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 1,651.00
Total land taxes: RUB 367.91
Upkeep of officials: RUB 173.17
Total revenue: RUB 541.08
Large livestock: 506
Small livestock: 980
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
61. Pashakend [Marmarik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 33.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 450.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,125.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 317.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,464.00 D
Total land: 3,398.00 D
Total households: 378 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 14,390.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,206.92
Upkeep of officials: RUB 518.08
Total revenue: RUB 3,725.00
Large livestock: 2,410
Small livestock: 1,810
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

62. Noraduz/Noratus
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 36.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 2,350.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 65.00 D
Yaylaks: 556.00 D
Total land: 3,007.00 D
Total households: 450 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 15,100.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,365.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 494.30
Total revenue: RUB 3,859.48
Large livestock: 2,212
Small livestock: 1,092

Third Police Prefecture
Dali-Kardash Commune
63. Bashkend [Getik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 14.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 898.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 200.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,215.00 D
Total land: 2,340.00 D
Total households: 140 (82
Armenian, 54 Tatar and 4 Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 4,541.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,012.11
Army tax: RUB 55.08
Upkeep of officials: RUB 256.08
Total revenue: RUB 1,323.27
Large livestock: 1,059
Small livestock: 2,108
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
64. Küzajik
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 16.00 D

Table VII
Vegetable gardens: 16.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 145.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 755.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 226.00 D
Yaylaks: 950.00 D
Total land: 2,018.00 D
Total households: 152 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,640.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,479.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 419.63
Total revenue: RUB 1,899.42
Large livestock: 1,357
Small livestock: 2,699
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
65. Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 57.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 977.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 55.00 D
Yaylaks: 967.00 D
Total land: 2,084.00 D
Total households: 207 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,443.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,658.86
Upkeep of officials: RUB 375.52
Total revenue: RUB 2,034.38
Large livestock: 1,193
Small livestock: 2,768
Units of water used for irrigation: 5

355

Total households: 270 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,728.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,945.09
Upkeep of officials: RUB 449.81
Total revenue: RUB 2,394.90
Large livestock: 1,386
Small livestock: 2,736
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
67. Dalikardash [Sarukhan]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 55.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 19.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 805.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 738.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 198.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,269.00 D
Total land: 4,084.00 D
Total households: 404 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,363.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,086.73
Upkeep of officials: RUB 1,649.27
Total revenue: RUB 3,736.00
Large livestock: 2,369
Small livestock: 4,561
Units of water used for irrigation:
35
Göl Commune

66. Kulali [Karmir Gyugh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 61.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,172.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,612.00 D
Total land: 2,914.00 D

68. Göl [Lichk]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE’S
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 63.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 570.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 600.00 D

356

Part II

Unirrigated fodder fields: 73.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,115.00 D
Total land: 2,431.00 D
Total households: 217 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,653.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,151.38
Upkeep of officials: RUB 183.95
Total revenue: RUB 2,335.33
Large livestock: 1,178
Small livestock: 1,800
Units of water used for irrigation:
13
69. Adiyaman (Upper) [Getashen
Verin]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 5.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 122.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 680.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 250.00 D
Yaylaks: 627.00 D
Total land: 1,694.00 D
Total households: 148 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 5,003.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,115.06
Upkeep of officials: RUB 267.25
Total revenue: RUB 1,382.31
Large livestock: 643
Small livestock: 1,140
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
70. Adiyaman (Lower) [Getashen
Nerkin]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 22.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 10.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 383.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 812.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 44.00 D
Yaylaks: 101.00 D
Total land: 1,372.00 D

Total households: 233 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,330.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,856.53
Upkeep of officials: RUB 281.58
Total revenue: RUB 2,137.11
Large livestock: 1,238
Small livestock: 1,360
Units of water used for irrigation: 9
71. Tsakkar
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 196.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 231.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 740.00 D
Total land: 1,279.00 D
Total households: 88 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,968.00
Total land taxes: RUB 884.34
Upkeep of officials: RUB 209.32
Total revenue: RUB 1,093.66
Large livestock: 625
Small livestock: 858
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
72. Tazakend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,239.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 65.00 D
Yaylaks: 595.00 D
Total land: 1,916.00 D
Total households: 147 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,146.50
Total land taxes: RUB 701.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 267.36
Total revenue: RUB 968.56
Large livestock: 920
Small livestock: 1,208

Table VII
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
73. Vali-Aqalu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 13.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 693.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 343.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 193.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,586.00 D
Total land: 2,831.00 D
Total households: 190 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,610.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,695.93
Upkeep of officials: RUB 357.95
Total revenue: RUB 2,053.88
Large livestock: 1,440
Small livestock: 2,120
Units of water used for irrigation:
25
74. Atamkhan [Vartadzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 758.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 60.00 D
Yaylaks: 555.00 D
Total land: 1,393.00 D
Total households: 147 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,297.00
Total land taxes: RUB 511.88
Upkeep of officials: RUB 213.77
Total revenue: RUB 725.65
Large livestock: 756
Small livestock: 800
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
75. Yeranos
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 15.00 D

357

Irrigated plowed fields: 300.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 420.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 80.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,330.00 D
Total land: 3,180.00 D
Total households: 239 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 7,075.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,576.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 293.22
Total revenue: RUB 1,869.93
Large livestock: 1,405
Small livestock: 2,600
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
Gharanlugh Commune
76. Zolakhach [Zolakar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 52.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 26.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,044.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 830.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 105.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,460.00 D
Total land: 3,517.00 D
Total households: 321 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,107.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,252.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 370.00
Total revenue: RUB 2,622.44
Large livestock: 1,500
Small livestock: 1,000
Units of water used for irrigation:
20
77. Alikrikh (Aligirigh)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 32.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 494.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 587.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 182.00 D
Yaylaks: 849.00 D

358

Part II

Total land: 2,144.00 D
Total households: 174 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,216.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,385.41
Upkeep of officials: RUB 163.02
Total revenue: RUB 1,548.43
Large livestock: 1,235
Small livestock: 625
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
78. Abdal-aqalu [Vaghashen]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 234.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 208.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 234.00 D
Yaylaks: 488.00 D
Total land: 1,190.00 D
Total households: 79 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,504.00
Total land taxes: RUB 780.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 170.81
Total revenue: RUB 951.71
Large livestock: 711
Small livestock: 282
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
79. Gharanlugh (Lower) [Martuni]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 320.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 680.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 130.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,810.00 D
Total land: 2,970.00 D

Total households: 215 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 8,977.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,000.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 570.28
Total revenue: RUB 2,570.84
Large livestock: 834
Small livestock: 415
Units of water used for irrigation:
32
80. Gharanlugh (Upper)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 23.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 823.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 418.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 168.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,385.00 D
Total land: 2,817.00 D
Total households: 269 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 10,670.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,378.02
Upkeep of officials: RUB 446.61
Total revenue: RUB 2,794.63
Large livestock: 585
Small livestock: 385
Units of water used for irrigation:
20
81. Madina
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 573.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 170.00 D
Total land: 790.00 D
Total households: 56 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,445.00
Total land taxes: RUB 322.03
Army tax: RUB 102.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 82.10
Total revenue: RUB 506.14
Large livestock: 223
Small livestock: 108

Table VII
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
82. Karavansara
(Eshek-Karavansaray)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 529.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 26.00 D
Yaylaks: 322.00 D
Total land: 882.00 D
Total households: 33 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,489.00
Total land taxes: RUB 331.82
Army tax: RUB 63.75
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.98
Total revenue: RUB 461.55
Large livestock: 42
Small livestock: 21
83. Yanikh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 307.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 200.00 D
Yaylaks: 374.00 D
Total land: 887.00 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,850.80
Total land taxes: RUB 382.45
Army tax: RUB 137.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 83.87
Total revenue: RUB 634.02
Large livestock: 84
Small livestock: 68
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
84. Khartlug
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 115.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 210.00 D
Yaylaks: 285.00 D
Total land: 615.00 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,347.00

359

Total land taxes: RUB 300.17
Army tax: RUB 53.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 60.23
Total revenue: RUB 413.95
Large livestock: 93
Small livestock: 41
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
85. Kızıl-Kharaba I
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 265.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 170.00 D
Yaylaks: 690.00 D
Total land: 1,129.00 D
Total households: 25 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,526.00
Total land taxes: RUB 340.07
Army tax: RUB 43.35
Upkeep of officials: RUB 48.31
Total revenue: RUB 431.73
Large livestock: 152
Small livestock: 83
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
86. Sichanlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 215.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 68.00 D
Yaylaks: 528.00 D
Total land: 823.00 D
Total households: 47 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,239.60
Total land taxes: RUB 276.23
Army tax: RUB 76.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 53.59
Total revenue: RUB 406.32
Large livestock: 108
Small livestock: 62
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
87. Kyasik-Bash (Pasture)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D

360

Part II

Vegetable gardens: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 91.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 6.00 D
Total land: 109.00 D
Total income: RUB 830.00
Total land taxes: RUB 184.96
Upkeep of officials: RUB 6.42
Total revenue: RUB 191.38
Large livestock: 191

Total land taxes: RUB 3,857.44
Upkeep of officials: RUB 389.01
Total revenue: RUB 4,246.45
Large livestock: 2,056
Small livestock: 2,451
Units of water used for irrigation:
30
90. Kelanikerlan
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE

Fourth Police Prefecture
Güzeldara Commune
88. Bash-Güzeldara
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 33.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 219.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 348.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,007.00 D
Total land: 1,674.00 D
Total households: 44 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,038.50
Total land taxes: RUB 900.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 65.95
Total revenue: RUB 965.95
Large livestock: 487
Small livestock: 743
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
89. Lower Güzeldara [Vardenik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 74.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 61.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 1,085.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 888.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 148.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,370.00 D
Total land: 4,626.00 D
Total households: 453 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 17,309.00

ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 25.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 388.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 565.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 364.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,000.00 D
Total land: 2,346.00 D
Total households: 195 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 9,216.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,053.82
Upkeep of officials: RUB 260.97
Total revenue: RUB 2,314.79
Large livestock: 1,040
Small livestock: 620
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
91. Gedak-bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 177.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 355.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 62.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,182.00 D
Total land: 1,785.00 D
Total households: 121 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 3,534.00
Total land taxes: RUB 787.56
Upkeep of officials: RUB 145.99
Total revenue: RUB 933.55

Table VII
Large livestock: 937
Small livestock: 937
Units of water used for irrigation: 6
92. Aluchalu (Lower) [Artsvanist]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 33.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 8.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 493.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 240.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 60.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,540.00 D
Total land: 2,374.00 D
Total households: 183 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 6,884.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,534.18
Upkeep of officials: RUB 332.46
Total revenue: RUB 1,866.64
Large livestock: 1,029
Small livestock: 1,700
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
93. Aluchalu (Upper) [Artsvanist]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 35.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 427.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 336.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,581.00 D
Total land: 2,379.00 D
Total households: 96 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,804.50
Total land taxes: RUB 847.86
Army tax: RUB 204.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 339.07
Total revenue: RUB 1,390.93
Large livestock: 565
Small livestock: 801
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
94. Kızıl-Kharaba II
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 27.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 324.00 D

361

Unirrigated plowed fields: 630.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 68.00 D
Yaylaks: 476.00 D
Total land: 1,525.00 D
Total households: 130 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,772.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,063.45
Army tax: RUB 280.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 333.05
Total revenue: RUB 1,679.00
Large livestock: 1,003
Small livestock: 1,200
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
95. Chamurlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 432.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 111.00 D
Yaylaks: 338.00 D
Total land: 895.00 D
Total households: 62 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,616.00
Total land taxes: RUB 360.14
Army tax: RUB 140.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 158.99
Total revenue: RUB 659.38
Large livestock: 382
Small livestock: 849
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
96. Kızıl-Vank
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 427.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 127.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 186.00 D
Yaylaks: 533.00 D
Total land: 1,290.00 D
Total households: 99 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,363.50
Total land taxes: RUB 972.47
Army tax: RUB 188.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 186.31
Total revenue: RUB 1,347.48

362

Part II

Large livestock: 682
Small livestock: 1,230
Units of water used for irrigation:
10
97. Yarpuzlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 186.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 300.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 221.00 D
Yaylaks: 639.00 D
Total land: 1,367.00 D
Total households: 98 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 5,401.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,203.79
Army tax: RUB 198.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 279.15
Total revenue: RUB 1,681.84
Large livestock: 830
Small livestock: 860
Units of water used for irrigation:
16
98. Oghrlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 113.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 42.00 D
Yaylaks: 601.00 D
Total land: 763.00 D
Total households: 34 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 570.20
Total land taxes: RUB 127.07
Army tax: RUB 14.79
Upkeep of officials: RUB 54.10
Total revenue: RUB 195.96
Large livestock: 140
Small livestock: 600
99. Karmir-Kharaba
Ownership: Personal
Total households: 22 (All
Armenian)

Upkeep of officials: RUB 109.29
Total revenue: RUB 109.29
Large livestock: 184.00
Small livestock: 341.00
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
Basarkechar Commune
100. Basarkechar [Vardenis]
RESIDENCE OF THE POLICE
SUPERINTENDENT AND COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 50.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 775.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 360.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 475.00 D
Yaylaks: 785.50 D
Total land: 2,445.50 D
Total households: 330 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 11,452.75
Total land taxes: RUB 2,552.39
Upkeep of officials: RUB 490.42
Total revenue: RUB 3,042.81
Large livestock: 2,525
Small livestock: 657
Units of water used for irrigation:
15
101. Tuskülu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 30.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 127.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 88.00 D
Yaylaks: 417.00 D
Total land: 669.00 D
Total households: 57 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,754.50
Total land taxes: RUB 391.01
Upkeep of officials: RUB 114.40
Total revenue: RUB 505.41
Large livestock: 400

Table VII
Small livestock: 509
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
102. Zagalu [Akhpradzor]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 250.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 80.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,202.00 D
Total land: 1,689.00 D
Total households: 131 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 4,315.00
Total land taxes: RUB 961.63
Upkeep of officials: RUB 296.78
Total revenue: RUB 1,258.41
Large livestock: 570
Small livestock: 1,327
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
103. Kirk-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 900.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 105.00 D
Yaylaks: 594.00 D
Total land: 1,614.00 D
Total households: 130 (All
Armenian)
Total income: RUB 2,652.00
Total land taxes: RUB 591.00
Army tax: RUB 10.71
Upkeep of officials: RUB 265.44
Total revenue: RUB 867.15
Large livestock: 1,237
Small livestock: 1,328
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
104. Kızıl-Bulagh
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D

363

Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,250.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 261.00 D
Yaylaks: 696.00 D
Total land: 2,422.00 D
Total households: 192 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 10,903.00
Total land taxes: RUB 2,429.84
Army tax: RUB 395.25
Upkeep of officials: RUB 332.28
Total revenue: RUB 3,157.37
Large livestock: 1,702
Small livestock: 2,830
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
105. Kyarki-bash
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 150.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 15.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 75.00 D
Yaylaks: 474.00 D
Total land: 720.00 D
Total households: 36 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,809.00
Total land taxes: RUB 403.14
Army tax: RUB 84.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 90.71
Total revenue: RUB 578.00
Large livestock: 350.00
Small livestock: 480.00
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
106. Kanlı Allahverdi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 90.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 76.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 185.00 D
Yaylaks: 387.00 D
Total land: 744.00 D
Total households: 64 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,884.50
Total land taxes: RUB 419.99
Army tax: RUB 117.30

364

Part II

Upkeep of officials: RUB 116.70
Total revenue: RUB 653.99
Large livestock: 438
Small livestock: 512
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
107. Subbotan
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 157.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 142.00 D
Yaylaks: 349.00 D
Total land: 653.00 D
Total households: 58 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,103.80
Total land taxes: RUB 245.98
Army tax: RUB 109.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 156.76
Total revenue: RUB 512.39
Large livestock: 640
Small livestock: 1,350
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
108. Tashkend
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 62.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 387.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 360.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 400.00 D
Yaylaks: 696.00 D
Total land: 1,905.00 D
Total households: 221 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,847.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,748.78
Army tax: RUB 328.95
Upkeep of officials: RUB 379.43
Total revenue: RUB 2,457.16
Large livestock: 1,238
Small livestock: 2,560
Units of water used for irrigation: 5
109. Tatar Shorja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 7.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 172.00 D

Unirrigated fodder fields: 156.00 D
Yaylaks: 258.00 D
Total land: 593.00 D
Total households: 39 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,189.60
Total land taxes: RUB 265.11
Army tax: RUB 61.20
Upkeep of officials: RUB 70.78
Total revenue: RUB 397.09
Large livestock: 255
Small livestock: 418
110. New Keti
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 136.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 400.00 D
Yaylaks: 536.00 D
Total land: 1,078.00 D
Total households: 86 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,991.20
Total land taxes: RUB 666.60
Army tax: RUB 209.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 202.50
Total revenue: RUB 1,078.20
Large livestock: 1,250
Small livestock: 2,105
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
111. Sari-Ya`qub
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.50 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 400.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 230.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 202.00 D
Total land: 936.50 D
Total households: 84 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,530.00
Total land taxes: RUB 786.71
Army tax: RUB 173.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 152.32
Total revenue: RUB 1,112.43
Large livestock: 645
Small livestock: 1,435

Table VII
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
112. Kurd Kosha Bulagh II
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 72.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 100.00 D
Yaylaks: 494.00 D
Total land: 669.00 D
Total households: 26 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 897.00
Total land taxes: RUB 199.92
Army tax: RUB 155.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 35.56
Total revenue: RUB 391.03
Large livestock: 840
Small livestock: 204
113. Kaya-Bashi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 105.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 30.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 40.00 D
Yaylaks: 465.00 D
Total land: 646.00 D
Total households: 38 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,664.50
Total land taxes: RUB 370.95
Army tax: RUB 76.50
Upkeep of officials: RUB 66.62
Total revenue: RUB 514,07
Large livestock: 248
Small livestock: 308
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
114. Kosha-Bulagh I (also known as
Chakhrlu)
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 170.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 220.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 15.00 D
Yaylaks: 390.00 D
Total land: 810.00 D

365

Total households: 69 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,055.00
Total land taxes: RUB 680.85
Upkeep of officials: RUB 174.63
Total revenue: RUB 855.48
Large livestock: 750
Small livestock: 511
Units of water used for irrigation:
13
115. Hoseyn Qoli Aqalu4
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 562.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 111.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 204.00 D
Yaylaks: 773.00 D
Total land: 1,659.00 D
Total households: 105 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,606.50
Total land taxes: RUB 1,472.29
Army tax: RUB 257.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 255.24
Total revenue: RUB 1,985,08
Large livestock: 891
Small livestock: 1,534
Units of water used for irrigation: 8
116. Big Engija Karakoyunlu
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 6.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 115.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 460.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 116.00 D
Yaylaks: 413.00 D
Total land: 1,110.00 D
Total households: 71 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,213.50
Total land taxes: RUB 716.14
Army tax: RUB 100.62
Upkeep of officials: RUB 176.49
Total revenue: RUB 993.25
Large livestock: 434
Small livestock: 614
Units of water used for irrigation: 4

366

Part II

117. Small Engija Karakoyunlu

119. Small Mazra [Pokr Masrik]

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 64.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 80.00 D
Yaylaks: 288.00 D
Total land: 635.00 D
Total households: 28 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,670.00
Total land taxes: RUB 372.19
Army tax: RUB 58.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 110.00
Total revenue: RUB 540.84
Large livestock: 231
Small livestock: 256
Units of water used for irrigation: 2

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 42.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 650.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 529.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 334.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,295.00 D
Total land: 2,850.00 D
Total households: 147 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,445.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,773.58
Army tax: RUB 339.15
Upkeep of officials: RUB 298.40
Total revenue: RUB 3,411.13
Large livestock: 2,038
Units of water used for irrigation: 5

Mazra Commune
118. Big Mazra [Mets Masrik]
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 63.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 808.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,600.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 206.00 D
Yaylaks: 644.00 D
Total land: 3,321.00 D
Total households: 235 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 17,542.00
Total land taxes: RUB 3,909.37
Army tax: RUB 515.10
Upkeep of officials: RUB 468.04
Total revenue: RUB 4,892.51
Large livestock: 2,328
Small livestock: 195
Units of water used for irrigation:
15

120. Shishkaya [Geghamasar]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 45.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,813.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 444.00 D
Yaylaks: 444.00 D
Total land: 2,746.00 D
Total households: 140 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 6,158.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,372.37
Army tax: RUB 217.26
Upkeep of officials: RUB 298.48
Total revenue: RUB 1,888.11
Large livestock: 1,466
Small livestock: 1,865
Units of water used for irrigation: 2
121. Kyasaman
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 15.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 218.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 315.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 68.00 D
Yaylaks: 204.00 D
Total land: 820.00 D
Total households: 85 (All Tatar)

Table VII
Total income: RUB 2,822.00
Total land taxes: RUB 628.91
Army tax: RUB 122.40
Upkeep of officials: RUB 176.18
Total revenue: RUB 927.49
Large livestock: 713
Small livestock: 759
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
122. Köysu [Avazan]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 69.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 578.00 D
Total land: 661.00 D
Total households: 23 (All Kurdish)
Total income: RUB 377.60
Total land taxes: RUB 84.15
Army tax: RUB 10.12
Upkeep of officials: RUB 53.55
Total revenue: RUB 147.82
Large livestock: 180
Small livestock: 486
Units of water used for irrigation: 1
123. Oghruja
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 38.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 794.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 11.00 D
Yaylaks: 488.00 D
Total land: 1,331.00 D
Total households: 134 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,018.00
Total land taxes: RUB 449.73
Army tax: RUB 232.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 193.04
Total revenue: RUB 874.82
Large livestock: 935
Small livestock: 1,868
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
124. Soltan-`Ali Kishlak
Ownership: Treasury

367

Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 398.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 112.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 142.00 D
Yaylaks: 233.00 D
Total land: 889.00 D
Total households: 77 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,272.50
Total land taxes: RUB 729.30
Army tax: RUB 155.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 162.40
Total revenue: RUB 1,047.25
Large livestock: 325
Small livestock: 651
Units of water used for irrigation: 3
125. Inak-Daghi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 18.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 293.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 239.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 24.00 D
Yaylaks: 376.00 D
Total land: 950.00 D
Total households: 84 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,765.00
Total land taxes: RUB 616.21
Army tax: RUB 155.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 138.20
Total revenue: RUB 909.96
Large livestock: 516
Small livestock: 1,442
Units of water used for irrigation: 4
126. Zod [Sotk]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 20.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 450.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 680.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 600.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,647.00 D
Total land: 3,397.00 D
Total households: 199 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 12,543.50
Total land taxes: RUB 2,795.44

368

Part II

Army tax: RUB 410.55
Upkeep of officials: RUB 345.46
Total revenue: RUB 3,551.45
Large livestock: 1,713
Small livestock: 1,327
Units of water used for irrigation:
12
127. Zarzibil [Kut]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 26.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 325.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 260.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 31.00 D
Yaylaks: 510.00 D
Total land: 1,152.00 D
Total households: 96 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,127.00
Total land taxes: RUB 696.85
Army tax: RUB 249.90
Upkeep of officials: RUB 190.33
Total revenue: RUB 1,137.08
Large livestock: 596
Small livestock: 1,014
Units of water used for irrigation:
10
128. Agh-Kilisa [Azat]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 12.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 226.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 209.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 20.00 D
Yaylaks: 496.00 D
Total land: 963.00 D
Total households: 69 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 3,534.00
Total land taxes: RUB 787.56
Army tax: RUB 137.70
Upkeep of officials: RUB 140.89
Total revenue: RUB 1,066.15
Large livestock: 420
Small livestock: 500
Units of water used for irrigation: 5

Jil Commune
129. Jil
RESIDENCE OF THE COMMUNE
ADMINISTRATOR

Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 148.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 626.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 121.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,296.00 D
Total land: 2,210.00 D
Total households: 117 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 4,652.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,036.72
Army tax: RUB 232.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 298.72
Total revenue: RUB 1,567.49
Large livestock: 1,559
Small livestock: 2,992
130. Artanish
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 14.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 673.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 12.00 D
Yaylaks: 2,385.00 D
Total land: 3,088.00 D
Total households: 156 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 2,003.00
Total land taxes: RUB 446.38
Army tax: RUB 232.05
Upkeep of officials: RUB 331.48
Total revenue: RUB 1,009.91
Large livestock: 1,411
Small livestock: 2,892
131. Agh-Bulagh [Aghperek]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 17.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D

Table VII
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,002.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 210.00 D
Yaylaks: 610.00 D
Total land: 1,843.00 D
Total households: 148 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,433.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,656.48
Army tax: RUB 211.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 439.21
Total revenue: RUB 2,307.34
Large livestock: 1,492
Small livestock: 1,600
132. Tokhluja [Drakhtik]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 21.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.00 D
Irrigated plowed fields: 24.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 1,156.00
D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 460.00 D
Yaylaks: 362.00 D
Total land: 2,026.00 D
Total households: 155 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 7,291.00
Total land taxes: RUB 1,624.83
Army tax: RUB 255.00
Upkeep of officials: RUB 526.36
Total revenue: RUB 2,406.19
Large livestock: 1,490
Small livestock: 1,309
133. Kushchi-Darasi
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 4.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 3.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 200.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 70.00 D
Yaylaks: 360.00 D
Total land: 637.00 D
Total households: 66 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 904.00
Total land taxes: RUB 201.44
Army tax: RUB 119.85

369

Upkeep of officials: RUB 113.00
Total revenue: RUB 434.29
Large livestock: 568
Small livestock: 1,027
134. Babajan-Darasi [Tsapatagh]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 5.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 269.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 72.00 D
Yaylaks: 349.00 D
Total land: 695.00 D
Total households: 51 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 977.80
Total land taxes: RUB 217.92
Army tax: RUB 58.65
Upkeep of officials: RUB 103.71
Total revenue: RUB 380.28
Large livestock: 243
Small livestock: 440
135. Sedanakhach
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 10.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 2.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 560.00 D
Yaylaks: 123.00 D
Total land: 695.00 D
Total households: 52 (All Tatar)
Total income: RUB 1,217.50
Total land taxes: RUB 271.34
Army tax: RUB 91.80
Upkeep of officials: RUB 132.21
Total revenue: RUB 495.35
Large livestock: 758
Small livestock: 1,499
136. Nadezhdino [Shorja]
Ownership: Treasury
Inhabited space: 9.00 D
Vegetable gardens: 4.00 D
Unirrigated plowed fields: 392.00 D
Unirrigated fodder fields: 30.00 D
Yaylaks: 1,040.00 D
Total land: 1,475.00 D

370

Part II

Total households: 59 (All Russian)
Total income: RUB 2,288.00
Total land taxes: RUB 509.89
Upkeep of officials: RUB 151.91
Total revenue: RUB 661.80
Large livestock: 846
Small livestock: 1,223

Key totals for the district (rural areas, 1907)5
Armenians: 10,663 households; 88,276 persons (46,081 male/42,195 female)
Tatars: 5,802 households; 41,825 persons (21,671 male/20,154 female)
Russians: 4,597 persons 6
Kurds: 1,712 persons
Greeks: 213 persons
Total population: 136,623

Notes
1 The ownership information is from the 1910 yearbook. Please see Note on the
Sources and Chapter III for more on the sources.
2 On an island in Lake Gökcha.
3 It was the domain of the Pahlavuni family and has an eleventh-century church,
named after the Holy Mother of God. The village was in the former Darachichak
mahal of the Yerevan Khanate, composed of local Armenians and immigrants who
arrived from Bayazit after the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. In 1873, it had
1,056 inhabitants. During the 1915–1921 period, Armenian refugees arrived there
from Van and Karabagh.
4 Appears only in the 1902 register.
5 For more details, see Chapter III.
6 The Russians belonged to the Molokan and Subbotnik sects, who arrived in this
district in the mid-1840s and found the land suitable for growing barley, spelt and
potatoes. See Chapter III.

Glossary

A. Arabic; Ar. Armenian; P. Persian; T. Turkish; R. Russian
ab-ambar (P.) watershed
ağıil (T.) sheepfold
aqalar (T.) the Persian version of the Turkish agalar; notable or grandee
arba/arabe (P./R.) cart
arabab (P.) proprietor
arbabi (P.) land belonging to a landlord or proprietor
arkh (T.) canal
bash (T.) head; in this case, the source of water from a river
batman (P.) dry measure varying in weight from 6.61 lbs. to 15.43 lbs.
beg (from the T. bey) chieftain
bil (P.) shovel; in this case, a measure of water for irrigation
Catholicos Supreme Patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church
chetvert (R.) weight measure equal to 126.41 lbs.
dah-yek (P.) one-tenth of the crop yield
darughegi (P.) revenue collected for the police
desiatina (R.) measure of length equal to 2.7 acres
divani (A./P.) chancery/treasury; in this case, lands belonging to the treasury
farsakh (P.) the distance of a league
guberniia (R.) province
juvar (P.) from the Persian juar; assistant of a mirab
kankanchi (P.) canal digger
kariz (P) underground water canal
khanate from the Persian khan-neshin; a governorate
kharvar (P.) a dry measure equal to 100 batmans
kishlak (T.) winter pasture used by nomads
lopat (R.) Russian version of bil
mahal (P.) district
mal-o-jahat (P.) land revenues paid by peasants to the state
medrese (A.) secondary school for Muslim boys
mekteb (A.) elementary school for Muslim boys
melik (Ar.) Armenian notable or grandee

372

Glossary

mirab (P.) official in charge of irrigation
molk (A./P.) also mulk; private estate
molkdar (P.) owner of a private estate
mutevali (A.) custodian
oblast (R.) small province
obshchestvo (R.) commune of villages
okrug (R.) small administrative region
palas (T.) floor covering
pud (R.) measure of weight equal to 36 lbs.
qanat (P.) underground water conduit
sang (P.) measure of water for irrigation
shambalile (P.) leaf fenugreek
soltan (P.) military commander of a district
suyursat (P.) provisions for troops
talib (A.) Muslim seminary student
tanuter (A) proprietor
toyul (P.) also tiyul or tuyul; fief, land in lieu of service
toyuldar (P.) fief holder
uyezd (R.) administrative district of a province
vaqf (A.) endowment to a religious institution
vedro (R.) liquid measure equal to 12.3 liters
verst (R.) measure equal to 1,06 km or 3,500 English feet
yaylak (T.) summer pasture used by nomads
yonje (P.) lucerne or alfalfa
yüzbaşi (T.) commander of 100 men

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Index

Abaran (mahal), 14
’Abbas I, (shah), 19
’Abbas Mirza (crown prince), 6–7
’Abbasabad (fort), 7
Abrakunis (commune and village), 16,
43, 291
Adrianople (treaty), 7
Aghavnatun, 151
Ak-koyunlu, 19
Akhalkalak, 8, 95–96
Akhaltsikh, 7–8, 46
Akhty (village) 16, 42–43, 45, 51,
342–343
Akhurian, see Arpa river (western)
Akulis (commune and village), 16, 43,
52, 295–296
Alagez (commune and village), 263–264
Alagöz (Mt.), 12
Alexander I (tsar), 6
Alexander II (tsar), 3, 39
Alexander III (tsar), 46, 73
Alexandra (wife of Tsar Nicholas I), 17
Alexandropol (city), 8, 17, 22–24, 27, 34,
41–48, 52, 76–82, 94
Alexandropol (district), 9, 12, 15–16, 21,
24, 26, 31–32, 5–52, 68–69, 76, 79, 86,
94
Alexandropol (district), land tenure in,
308–341
Alexandropol (district), population of,
32–32, 308–341
Alexandropol (district), revenues
collected from, 308–341
Alexandropol (district), village
communes in, 308–341
Alexandropol Women’s Gymnasium,
47
Alinja (river), 14
Amberd river, see Karbi river

Ankara, 95
Apollo (theater), 81
Aqa Mohammad Khan Qajar, 1
Arabs, 95
Aragats, see Alagöz
Aramus (village), 106
Ararat, Greater (Mt.), 12, 39, 98
Ararat, Lesser (Mt.) 12
Aras, see Arax river
Arax (river), 6–7, 12, 19
Arax (valley), 19
Armenfilm, 98
Armenian (Catholics), 28–34
Armenian (Russian Orthodox), 28–34
Armenian Academy of Sciences, 98
Armenian Church Crisis, 20, 40
Armenian Church, 7–8, 76, 88
Armenian Genocide, 95, 98
Armenian National Council, 95
Armenian Plateau, 14
Armenian Province, 7–8, 19, 3
Armenian Province, districts of, 15–17
Armenian Province, population of, 20
Armenian Republic, 4, 95–96
Armenian Republic, epidemics in, 95
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, 4,
56, 95, 97
Armeno-Tatar clashes, 40, 42
Armianskaia Oblast, see Armenian
Province
Arpa river (eastern), 14
Arpa river (western), 14
Ashtarak (village), 15, 42–43, 45–46,
50–51, 53, 153
Assyrians, 22–23, 27–34, 42
Atatürk, see Mustafa Kemal
Aytagh (commune and village), 146
Azarbayjan province (Iran), 7, 14,
20

378

Index

Azat river, see Garni river
Azerbaijan Republic, 3, 94–95
Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic,
97–98
Azerbaijani, 35, 94, 99
Baku (city), 3–4, 7, 9, 26–27, 46, 49,
77–78, 81, 94, 97
Baku (province), 9, 26, 89, 91
Baltic Sea, 21
Baranovskii, V. N. (vice-governor),
40
Bariatinskii, A. (viceroy), 39
Bash-Abaran (village), 15, 25, 52, 96,
158
Bash-Garni (village), 109
Bash-Norashen (village), 44–45, 48,
50–51, 235
Batum (city), 9, 46, 97
Batum (province), 89
Bayazid (pashalik), 14
Big Karakilis, 311
Black Sea, 94
Bolshevik Revolution/Bolsheviks, 10, 17,
95
Brest-Litovsk (treaty), 95
Brussels, 81
Bukhara, 74
Byurakan Observatory, 98
Byzantine Empire, 19
Caspian Province, 7
Catholics, 22
Chechnia, 7
Chegodaev, A. P. (vice-governor),
40
Chicago, 81
Civil War (US), 73
Commercial Institute of Alexandropol,
47
Constantinople, 3, 94
Cossacks, 20
Daghestan, 7–9
Darachichak (mahal), 14
Daralagez (region), 96
Darband, see Derbent
Dashburun (commune and village),
205
Davalu (commune and village), 15, 24,
42–45, 52, 140
Decembrists, 6
Deh-Kharqan (village), 20
Derbent, 6–7, 9

Dukhobors, 36
Dvin (commune and village), 126, 129
Echmiadzin (district), 12, 15, 21–22,
24–25, 28–29, 43, 50–52, 55–56,
68–69, 76, 79, 94,
Echmiadzin (Holy See), 53
Echmiadzin (district), land tenure in,
146–189
Echmiadzin (district), population of,
28–29, 146–189
Echmiadzin (district), revenues from,
146–189
Echmiadzin (district), village communes
in, 146–189
Echmiadzin
Egypt, 74
Elisavetpol (city), 10, 14, 97
Elisavetpol (province), 8, 14, 26, 46, 75,
89
Elisu (region), 10
Entente, 95
Erevan, see Yerevan
Erivan, see Yerevan
Erivan Guberniia, see Yerevan Province
Erzinjan, 94
Erzurum, 94
Fath ’Ali (shah), 6
Finland, 21
Frankanots, 151
Ganja, 6–7. See also Elisavetpol.
Ganjeh, see Ganja
Garni (river), 14
Garni-Basar (mahal), 14
Gavar, see Novo-Bayazet
Georgia/Georgians, 3, 6–7, 9, 17–20,
22–23, 27–28, 39, 69, 77
Georgian Republic, 95
Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic,
97–98
Georgian-Imereti Province, 8
Germans, 23
Getar (river), see Kırk-Bulagh
Gilan (river), 14
Gindevaz (commune and village), 258,
261
Gök-Jami (Blue Mosque), 55
Gökcha (lake), 12, 14, 77
Gökcha (mahal), 14, 16
Golestan, see Gulistan
Golitsyn, G., 10
Greeks, 22–23, 27

Index
Gudovich, I. (general), 19
Gulistan (treaty), 6–7
Gümri, 17. See also Alexandropol
Gypsies, 22–23, 28–34
Haji-Qoli Khan (consul), 78
Hamamlu (village), 16, 44, 52
Hoseyn Qoli Khan Qajar (governor of
Yerevan), 41, 73
Hovhannavank (village and monastery)
153
Hrazdan river, see Zangi river
Igdir (commune and village), 15, 25, 42,
44–45, 48, 50–52, 190
Imanshalu (village and commune), 15
Iran/Iranian, 3, 6, 9, 19, 23, 39, 44–46,
69, 73–75, 77, 85, 97
Iravan, see Yerevan
Jaghri (commune and village), 286
Jar-o-Belokan, 9
Javakhk, See Akhalkalak
Jevanshir (district), 14
Jews, 22–23, 27–34
Julfa (town), 44–46, 77, 295
Kaftarli (commune and village), 318
Kagizman (district), 14
Kanaker (village), 15, 24, 43, 52–53, 88,
103
Kara-Kilisa, 15, 25, 45, 52, 96
Kara-koyunlu, 19
Kara-su (river), 14
Karabagh (khanate), 3
Karabagh, 6–7, 9, 20, 80
Karbi (river), 14
Karbi-Basar (mahal), 14
Kars (city), 9, 17, 44–45, 52, 76,
Kars (province), 26, 89
Kars (treaty), 95
Kazakh (district) 7, 9, 14
Keshishkend (commune and village), 16,
43–44, 50, 52, 256
Khrimian (catholicos), 53
Khok (village), 270
Kırk-Bulagh (river), 14
Kishinev, 81
Kivrag (commune and village), 269
Kuba, 6–9, 80
Kulpi (commune and town), 15, 25, 42,
44–45, 51, 75–76, 214
Kurds, 19, 22–34, 42, 56, 70, 80. See also
Yezidi

379

Kutais (province), 9, 26, 89
Kutais (town), 8
Lodz, 73
London, 81
Lori (region), 95–96
Lynch, H. (traveller), 15, 17
Maku, 14
Marand, 14
Marseilles, 75
Mastara (village), 175
Matenadaran Archives, 98
Melbourne, 81
Michael Nikolayevich (Grand Duke), 9,
39
Middle East, 95
Mirak (commune and village), 323
Moldova, 97
Molokans, 36
Moscow (treaty), 95
Moscow, 3, 73, 77, 81, 94, 97
Mt. Alagöz, 12
Mudros Armistice, 95
Mughni, 53, 87, 153
Muslim Military District, 7
Mustafa Kemal, 95
Nader (shah), 19
Nakashidze, A. (vice-governor), 40
Nakhichevan (city), 10, 16, 22–23, 41–46,
50, 53, 78–79, 81
Nakhichevan (district), 12, 14–16, 21,
24–26, 30–31, 34,42, 50–52, 55–56
68–69, 75–76, 79, 86–87, 91, 94, 96,
Nakhichevan (district) land tenure in,
269–307
Nakhichevan (district), population of,
269–307
Nakhichevan (district), revenues from,
269–307
Nakhichevan (district), village communes
in, 269–307
Nakhichevan (khanate), 3, 7, 19–20
Nakhichevan (river), 14
Nalband (commune and village), 313
Napoleon, 6
Nehram (commune and village), 16, 44,
294
New Nakhichevan, 97
Nicholas I (tsar), 6, 8, 17
Nicholas II (tsar), 10
Nizhni-Novgorod, 77, 81
Noah’s Ark, 39

380

Index

Noragavit (commune and village), 15, 24,
52–53, 87
Norashen (village), 44, 162, 293
Novo-Bayazet (city), 12, 16, 22–24, 43,
45, 46, 48, 78–79
Novo-Bayazet (district), 14–16, 21–26,
33, 50–52, 55–56, 68–69, 76, 80, 86,
91, 94
Novo-Bayazet (district), land tenure,
342–370
Novo-Bayazet (district), population of,
33, 342–370
Novo-Bayazet (district), revenues from,
342–370
Novo-Bayazet (district), village
communes in, 342–370
Novosad, F. I. (superintendent of police),
43
Odessa, 81
Old Believers, 22
Ordubad (town), 16, 22–24, 41, 43–46,
53, 75, 78–79, 81, 91
Oriant (hotel), 81
Oshakan (village), 87, 151
Ottoman Empire/Ottomans 9, 20, 46, 51,
75, 77, 94
Paris, 81
Paskevich, I. (General), 6–7
Patrinj (village), 152
Poles, 23, 44
Polozhenie, 7, 53
Poznan, 73
Qajar (dynasty), 8, 19, 41, 56, 90
Qamarlu (commune and village), 15, 25,
42–46, 51–52, 130
Qarabagh, see Karabagh
Qaradagh, 14
Qazzaq, see Kazakh
Qobbeh, see Kuba
Rotterdam, 81
Russia/Russians, passim
Russian Armenia, see Armenian
Province, 21
Russian Revolution (1905–1907), 10
Russo-Iranian War (1804–1813), 6,
17
Russo-Iranian War (1826–1828), 6,
19
Russo-Japanese War, 88
Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812), 6

Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), 16,
20
Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), 9,
51–52
Sadarak (commune and village), 15, 24,
44, 132
Sa’dlu (mahal), 14
Safavids, 85
Saghmosavank (monastery), 154
Sarajian (cognac), 74
Sardarabad (fort), 7
Sardarabad (mahal), 14
Sardarabad (monument), 98
Sardarabad (village), 15, 25, 52, 96, 98
Seljuks, 19
Seminary (Gevorkian) in Echmiadzin,
47
Sevan, see Gökcha
Sèvres (treaty), 95
Shakki, see Sheki
Shams od-Din, see Shamshedil
Shamshedil (district), 7, 9
Sharur (region), 95–96
Sharur-Daralagez (district), 12, 14–16,
21–22, 24–26, 30, 34, 44–45, 50–52,
68–69, 73, 75, 79, 86, 91, 94–95
Sharur-Daralagez (district), land tenure
in, 235–267
Sharur-Daralagez (district), population
of, 30, 235–267
Sharur-Daralagez (district), revenues
from, 235–267
Sharur-Daralagez (district), village
communes in, 235–267
Sheki (khanate), 3, 6, 7, 9
Shemakha Province, 9
Shemakha (town), 9
Shirabad (commune) 15
Shirvan (khanate), 3, 6, 7, 9, 80
Shuragöl (district), 7
Shushi (town), 46, 95–96
Shustov, N. (Cognac), 74, 81
Soviet Union, 97–98
St. Petersburg, 3, 6, 8, 40, 81
Streblinksii, I. (cartographer), 14
Strel’bitskii, A. (vice governor), 40
Surmalu (district), 12, 14–15, 21–22,
24–25, 29, 32, 34, 44–45, 50–52,
55–56, 68–69, 75, 79, 80, 86–87, 94, 96
Surmalu (district), land tenure in,
190–234
Surmalu (district), population of, 29,
190–234

Index
Surmalu (district) revenues from,
190–234
Surmalu (district), village communes in,
190–234
Tabriz, 7, 44, 80
Talesh, 6, 7, 9
Talin (mahal), 14
Talin (river), 14
Talin (commune and village), 42, 173,
176
Talysh, see Talesh
Tatars, passim
Tatars (Shi’a), 27–34
Tatars (Sunni), 28–34
Tavush, 96
Tbilisi, see Tiflis
Teghenis (village), 53
Tehran, 44
Tiflis (city), 3–4, 8–9, 14, 26–27, 39,
44–46, 59, 51–52, 68, 73, 76–77, 81,
85, 94–95, 97
Tiflis (province), 14, 26, 39, 89, 91, 95
Tigran the Great (Armenian king), 39
Timur, 19
Tizengauzen, V. (governor), 40
Torkamanchay, see Turkmanchay
Trans-Siberian Railway, 21
Trebizond, 94
Tsitsianov, P. (general), 8–9, 17, 19
Tula, 77, 81
Turkey/ Turks, 4, 7, 95–96
Turkish Grand National Assembly,
95
Turkmanchay (treaty) 7, 20
Tyan-Shanskii, P., 21
Ukrainians, 23
Ulukhanlu (village), 44, 87, 121
United States, 73–74
Vagharshapat (commune and own), 15,
25, 42–43, 45, 48, 51–53, 87–88, 148
Van, 94
Vedi (river), 14
Vedi-Basar (mahal), 14
Vorontsov, M. (viceroy), 8–9
Voronstsov-Dashkov, I. (viceroy), 10
Warsaw, 81
White Sea, 21
Wilson, W. (president), 95
Witte, S., 21
World War I, 4, 10, 27, 54, 56, 79, 95

381

Yaroslav Textile Company, 73
Yaiji (commune and village), 245
Yeghvard (village), 15, 25, 52, 155
Yerevan (city), 9, 15, 19, 21–24, 34, 42,
43–48, 50–51, 54, 78–79, 82, 91, 94–95
Yerevan (district), 12, 15, 21, 24, 27–28,
34, 50–52, 68, 75–76, 79–80, 86–88, 94
Yerevan (district), land tenure in,
103–145
Yerevan (district), population of, 27–28,
103–145
Yerevan (district), revenues from,
103–145
Yerevan (district), village communes in,
103–145
Yerevan (khanate), 3, 7, 19–20
Yerevan Men’s Gymnasium, 46
Yerevan Men’s Seminary, 47
Yerevan Province, administration, 39–56
Yerevan Province, Armenian Catholics
in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, Armenian churches,
54
Yerevan Province, Armenian diocese and
clergy, 53
Yerevan Province, Armenian schools, 47
Yerevan Province, Assyrians in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, banks, 45–46, 81
Yerevan Province, carpets, 80
Yerevan Province, census, 21
Yerevan Province, climate, 12
Yerevan Province, cognac and wine
production, 74–75
Yerevan Province (village communes),
15–16
Yerevan Province, cotton production,
73–74
Yerevan Province, crops, 13
Yerevan Province, customs, 46
Yerevan Province, education, schools,
46–48
Yerevan Province, doctors in, 49–51
Yerevan Province, epidemics, 50
Yerevan Province, ethnic composition,
19–34
Yerevan Province, Europeans in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, excise taxes, 89
Yerevan Province, exports-imports, 77
Yerevan Province, factories, workshops,
79–81
Yerevan Province, fishing, 77
Yerevan Province, districts, 15–17
Yerevan Province, financial, 45–46
Yerevan Province, fodder production, 68

382

Index

Yerevan Province, food prices, 78–79
Yerevan Province, fruit production, 76
Yerevan Province, Georgians in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, grain production,
65–67
Yerevan Province, grape production, 74
Yerevan Province, healthcare, 49–51
Yerevan Province, honey production,
77
Yerevan Province, hospitals, 49–50
Yerevan Province, indirect taxes, 88–89
Yerevan Province, judicial system, 42–43
Yerevan Province, irrigation systems,
64–65, 68–69
Yerevan Province, irrigation, 55–56
Yerevan Province, Kurds in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, land tenure system,
62–64
Yerevan Province, list of villages,
103–370
Yerevan Province, livestock, 6970
Yerevan Province, military tax, 88–89
Yerevan Province, military, 51–53
Yerevan Province, minerals, 76
Yerevan Province, mirabs, 55–56
Yerevan Province, mosques, 54
Yerevan Province, mountain tribesmen
in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, Muslims in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, Muslim clergy (Shi’a),
53–53
Yerevan Province, Muslim clergy (Sunni),
54
Yerevan Province, Muslim schools, 47–48
Yerevan Province, police, 43–44
Yerevan Province, police prefectures, 15

Yerevan Province, population
breakdown, 19–34
Yerevan Province, post-telegraph, 45
Yerevan Province, press, 48–49
Yerevan Province, prisons, 49
Yerevan Province, railroads, 44–45, 77
Yerevan Province, rivers, 13–14
Yerevan Province, Russian churches, 54
Yerevan Province, Russian schools, 47
Yerevan Province, Russian sectarians in,
22
Yerevan Province, Russians in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, salt mines, 75–76
Yerevan Province, Shi’a schools, 47–48
Yerevan Province, silk production, 75
Yerevan Province, Sunni schools, 48
Yerevan Province, Tatars in, 22–34
Yerevan Province, taxes and revenues
85–91
Yerevan Province, taxes on land, 86–88
Yerevan Province, tobacco production,
75
Yerevan Province, topography 12–13
Yerevan Province, vegetable production,
68
Yerevan Province, veterinary services, 50
Yerevan Women’s Gymnasium, 47
Yermolov, A. (general), 6
Yezidi Kurds, 28–33
Zakatal (district), 9
Zanga (brewery), 81
Zangezur (district), 14, 95–96
Zangi (river), 14, 74
Zangi-Basar (mahal), 14
Zeyva (village), 16, 87, 147