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H al-l6011ee ApeBHl-le 1-13 1-13BeCTHbiX n03BOH04HbiX Y>Ke nOflBl1Cb B 3TOT nepl-lOA. . 3TO - Tell0AOHTbl. . Y HI-IX He 6blll0 HapY>KHOrO naHLI,l-Ipfl, a TellO nOKpblBalll-1 OTAellbHble MellKl-le 4eWYK. . BHeWHe Tell0AOHTbi 04eHb HanOMI-IHalOT COBpeMeHHblX pbl6. 600 . I I 550 I, :- .- " .,.. t,r;.(!J' " . '._ "', ..r'" <--....... ""'- '-". --- <, I, !f I . , I\i:.';"', ', - "1...\'>" --- ': ".  \' "" .., -- I-L I. . . . . ." ,;:. '. .. ------- . . .  .  , lj:--.-". OcnH( · ("\0"" ,i; ,. - y- , .' ,, ,  , I.' ffi\.\ \ . r ...--:' "'- ' .-- '-". ' ....,.  MflH.fleTH030A  $OS-4 AO '-I . ,t '-- if!- . t WJf " ... . - . ..' . - o 0p30&1S\&"MCb nHe t10cmet1eHH IIKO&MH. +I MOpCKOM :J HMSI t1MCKM){ P M UlS\e cKOt1/le 01,pO fl 24 400 . . . . . .' ,..: . qy:- '.}:":: .":. . 1 :-t 
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500 ..... I If ... , . f II \ ... ........ I II I - .- 'A.. . . . ... I ";, I'' I'  .. 450 '" \'''' ' ".,'. 1 ........... -.......#::. . ..... ..... t .. ..::--.... .  MflH. fleT H030A  400 ,') "'-. ......... ... - - -'- --- " :x- '- .....--..... ' ....... ........ : - 40 -. J - .... f oJ f.i -  ,;J ,..... "i <.... ... "'"--, ..' "' .  ......... '6 "1-  ,'  - --  - 1 :r-  ..c -- "'- '"1 
10 I I 350 I I I 300 I I 250 I I 200 lit.? , ... --.... - I -,  --- "' -, ... ............... ... _:,-; \\ t , _ \y _"' /..- . . \. .I.... 'y, \ r M aTepl-IKI-I B (eBepHOM nOllywapl-l1-l COeAI-IHl-llll-1Cb B HOBbl CBepXMaTepl-lK IlaBpa31-11O. IO>KHoe nOllywapl-le npOAOll>Kalla 3aHI-IMaTb rl-lraHTCKafi rOHABaHa. no lll-1Hl-I1-I COeAI-IHeHl-lfi MaTepl-lKOB 06pa30Ball1-1Cb ropHble xpe6Tbl, OCTaTKI-I KOTOpblX COXpaHl-llll-1Cb 1-1 no ce AeHb: YpallbCKl-le ropbl, ropbl (KaHAI-IHaBI-II-I, Annalla4CKl-le ropbl. Mope Hacrynallo Ha cywy 1-1 3all1-1Ball0 paBHI-IHbl. K11I-1MaT CTall ee Tenllee 1-1 Mflr4e. }t{1-I3Hb no-npe}l{HeMY npOAOll>Kalla cocpeAOT041-1BaTbCfI B MOpflX, XOTfI Ha cywe  nOflBl-llll-1Cb nepBble paCTeHl-lfi. 29 
11 500 I I 450  MflH. fleTH030A  Q3S-40CZ> fT 400 L: \\\'X 1 : , "\" St'; ,.1'i . ..\. .' \' ,,' .r''''< ,\ \ .   ........ "r .l r..... ... 9..'....: . - ,..)3'... .. .\... . .; " - , .- _11.. . -   AeO & p eM9. t? 311\0 'K..e & o MHO'K..eell\ 0 &03 H "KJI JIll &11 IOW,")( MeJlK")( t1  t100Hb1)( II\pW'O"II\O I eiiOH ' T p l-lll06l-1Tbl, 3al-IaflCb OT XI-IHI-IKOB, npl-l06peTall1-1 TOllCTble naH4l-1pl-l. · TaKO naHLll-lpb 6blll y apKTI-IHypyca. iY(  o r. _L . , . \ <., '\ ....YPYC L"\  - ",",,-c,:,::}, -'. '.  '.:  .,,  , " . \\. .' \ \\ :' '- "".f "")-- ---- -<.... .. ---  --- ' __  " ,-'So... " --5--...,  - . , . .......... - ..... , ! II -.... <'\'..,' , lL' 7 , I <. )  ' ;--'::;':'   t , {"-. -..... c..---,  ,- t 
I )Q I I 350 . . I I f I 300 .. 250 f I I . . 200 r an1'OnM1'b' B 31'01' neMOA Bb'tJlMa\01'. n1'eMrOC p.oCt..r'" P.BY"..er\lOBOiA p.n....... Ct..no..\IC 6..n qytb ..e"b"'''X \I.3.. e poB. (\lBII" ""e....CtO..or..x OO"Bn"IO"''' rpo3....e X..I11....e \1...0<..0\10.. 0 ..... (O.ca>'Cb 01' at(.oCt(.onMO'"'OB, tJI,",orMtJI ""'BOfM.... O\l..XOp...n OCb 6b'Ctpo 3ab'Ba1'bCI\ B r'i'"'1'. )- , '-- ....." \ ' \ e ... , -::r- - .........   i ->- -..... - ,.    ;'"'..' C f"  .-r-- - ,,' <': A '\ ,- ';"\\' ff '-'"  ,. W--'" - -oi - --=- -. -::: o"(.  ,...';- "'i -- ....  ... 
BClleg 311 HII CU( h1:Cf11eHU51MU )KU!(Jf11Hb/e 1j51f11 J1efGb/e U HI{3eMHb/e - MH(JZ(JH(J)KKU CK(JfJ1u(JH U3! eC f11Hb/ti b/. TlefGb/1i CK(JfJ1U(JH HII3eMHb/{j HlltigeH ! - J1l1l1e(J(JHC _ (Jf11/1(J)KeHU51X ! --------- - n ... ... ..... -- TepaCnl-lC - 6eC4ellIOCTHafl '..... «pbI6a» C YAlll-1HeHHblM XBOCTOM - ee' He I-IMella }l{eCTKoro BHyTpeHHero CKelleTa, HO Y}I{e " 6bllla nll0THO nOKpblTa 4ewye. . A 61-1pKeHl-lfI 1 npl-l06pella HaCTOflee pbl6be TopneAo06pa3Hoe TellO, 3al-IeHHOe naH41-1peM HanOA061-1e nllaCTI-IH4aTO KOllb4yrl-l. . Y Bcex 6eC4ellIOCTHbiX BHyrpeHHI-I CKelleT 6blll xpfleBO, a KOCTb 06pa30BbiBalla HaPY>KHbl CKelleT B BI-IAe naH4l-1pfl. -- _  -- - ...c..____..- . ____  .I f"'y.. - -<- "",,' . _ (\1eV". " ' -J>-o iI'-  ---r-  I 500 r 450 . . ... , .'i'\' . . ,''''/ . . t)'{\'"  . . .. '(,'i-()\  \\'&111- Tfep8b1 HII3e Nl >nO naneO"V ..... I " ;r --e '.... "\":-:"'" _-r,   t - '. $\T , 11_ . .  MnH. neT H030A  Q38-40CZ> 400 . . -. .... 1... ...  - - 
I 400 I I 350 I I I 300 I I I 250 I I 200 i A KaHTOAbl - nepBble 4elllOCTHopOTble. .OHI-I 6blll1-1 nOKpblTbl 4eWYKaMI-I, KOTopble BMeCTe C 3y6aMI-I jI1 nllaBHI-IKOBblMI-I Wl-lnaMI-I B OCHOBHOM 1-1 HaxOAflT B I-ICKOnaeMOM COCTOflHI-II-I. . (4I-1TaeTCfI, 4TO aKaHTOAbl MOrJll-I 6blTb npeAKaMI-I Bcex KOCTHblX pbl6. . }t{l-Illj11 aKaHTOAbl B npeCHblX BOAax. . KaK npaBl-lll0, I-IX pa3Mepbl He npeBblWalll-1 10 CM. , \. 6pK """"1:1 c,. -- -- . -""-!; -.... - , ::"->- '- --- ':'"' -.> - -- --.' if ' ---- '" -.:;: -«1 '- IfOHrOAb  -<:::.. ---d --. --.X"-.' - --..-:- .:;:.r- _\ i . " --. --  
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I ';50  MJlH. JleT HO]OA I 90 8 - b' I J I l J' - 1 ",- -  " =-  r ........... ?o-.. , I , ,. .\ - , .  4 .. , -. }'  " \, " I (  , 1 >- 2:" ..:s::- ;r .>-- 
I 1 T"TTI 500 450 J . 4t · .. , I 350  MnH. neT H030A  \ QOB-3b Q , . " ,I,. '1 1 '1\\'pH'" !. 1\. '1", -  \, \- ------- ... ... " It,! . \ ot' \ " . , .. ... ..k- t .\  --...:"'""'1 . .. ." "tt ......--........ t 
I 350 ,. .. I I I 300 I I 250 I 200 I 150 --  ---- ------- / "" - " ---................ <.r:. " ,,"  _ 'jJ , \ - ....,J.../' \ .. \ \  \. K)}I{HOM nOllywapl-l1-l rocnoAcTBOBalla rpOMaAHafl rOHABaHa. He6011bWl-le JoIaTepl-lKI-I CrallKI-IBalll-1Cb, 06pa3YfI rOpHble OtCTeMbl, 1-1 C611I-1}1{all1-1Cb C rOHABaHO. Koe-rAe nOflBl-llll-1Cb rpOMaAHble nYCTbIHI-I. YpOBeHb OKeaHa nOHM}I{allCfI, BOAa Y>Ke He 3aTanll1-1Balla cywy, KaK npe>KAe. npOAOll}1{alll-1 coxpaHflTbCfI 1-1 6011bWl-le 3a601104eHHble npocrpaHCTBa. K11I-1MaT OCTaBallCfI TennblM, HO CTall 6011ee CYXI-IM. no 3eMlle pacnpocrpaHfllOTCfI pa3Ho06pa3Hbie XBOI-I, nnaYHbl 1-1 nanOpOTHI-IKl-I, HeKOTopble I-IX BI-IAbl .....OCTMraIOT pa3MepOB AepeBbeB. B KOHLle nepl-lOAa 03HMKaIOT Llellble lleca 1-13 3TX paCTeHI-I. 37 
...  r I! 500 . ..  M11H. 11eT q H030A  08-3&0 I 350 450 i' , Acre 'lJ o   (' .. , .\ , ,,'  l ). 1\ Y  ,'\ ". \.:. "'" "  \ .   ",,' ')-. ' " \.j' ,<-, J' . '-, , ) I' ,,(?- '- ' , '" . ,\ "' . ,-,,-, ,  , ,\.\: '.1.1 '): ;t.' ':. ' .. '  ':"I\ " " . ,... \  ",:.\ 35 enlOet0\l01"' 601\l"on en "<3 " aete\lonen",a "O<1I' b ,iI na\\"\lb 6",n \la,p.eni!\ a e'"onb"O ,ertAe100 l aeteil), ",,,o01,,,e a""'OO nna oan " , notAOUlblO 60nbUl" naet006\1'b' ",p.H"' nnao""OO. P01000 anna\l'" ",, ","001"' n\lep.a3aan'" p.nI' " ,60\la , nooe\l""oet" p.Ha oop.o\lo(lle" "tAen"" 6e'no'oo0"''" )\{'b o" tAO rn " " 0 n\le,oil," 0 ,0ne0" oop.e. -- _ ' -:t. 
I 350  "'S " , Q \, '- a,(' 25(,.- , I I 200 . . 150 , , .' \ \-1 j I 300 ---- "- -'  .... -, ' OKeaHaX 1-1 npeCHblX BOAax B03HI-IKaeT MHO>KeCTBO naHl..\l-IpHblX III ellIOCTHOpOTbIX pbl6. . npl-lAOHHble 6eC4ellIOCTHbie aprl-lpl-lacnl-lc co Cnll0WHbiM naHl..\l-IpeM 1-1 nrepacnl-lc C naHl..\l-IpeM 1-13 HeCKOllbKI-IX nllaCTI-IH MeAJleHHO nepeABl<1ralll-1Cb B BOAe, WeBellfi TOllCTblMI-I XBOCTaMI-I. " 17.,. tJ: , . '- , '- .... '"'" --i' ,.." ",,« f " . ,........ 0('" "'-.- -",c' ,,, II . ' '\- >  (" )0 , ------ -----. -...-..- 6Q1p0l1enH( >-  ---r --... - - " '..1-:" -- _._    '- -4 -- .... 
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I 15 I 311 251 211 I 1 1 3 TI-I pbl6bl - HenpeB30AeHHble XI-Il1!HI-IKI-I CBoe 3nOXI-I, npeKpaCHO 1-1 6blCTpO nnaBalOl1!l-Ie, cnoc06Hbie rAe yroAHO HaCTI-I% CBOIO ;:'06b14Y 1-1 MOl1!HbIMI-I 4ellIOCTfiMI-I nepell0MI-ITb a>Ke 3al1!I-ITHbl naHl..\l-Ipb >KepTBbl. . 3y6b1 XMl1!HI-IKY 3aMeHflll1-1 OCTpble KOCTHble nllaCTI-IHbl. . 06beKTaMI-I OXOTbl AYHKlleOCTeYCOB CTaHOBl-llll-1Cb npaKTI-I4eCKI-I Bce 061-1TaTell1-1 MOpfi. (.1 ei<" eO At-',,"I' ,'It ,.. ... .. , ...,   6\ i f:';' ..' '. .1 ' . ..... ; . . -. . -1' f f "," . . .. -1 . . (- \ . . - J \. ,." \  f- -  " . ,"-  -<: '..-  .-L....: \ '- , -. -: 
I 500 .. I 450  MnH neT HOJOA  \ '90S_3b a T 350 , ... .. ..  " .. \, ' \   ' 'i, !.\\i\ "  ,. :. f,..r ;:j\\\< '-:..,;.c ';'":' , ;. r - ' l(elloOMeg'eH",' 11M!!ef/I oH Ol-\e .. O/IbWOZO HUKOM \ g3MII)(O,V\ XOrr\SI e""K"Hrr\ b1:I!;:I!A ee AlAWb O:;KI!Hrr\ gHOgb l1ere)(oUA g l.Iotib1l-\ \ g l.Iotib1l-\ \ ", HO I-\SI :J g II 311zMrr\u:J C.KMb)l(eHlAe, )(goc.ogOZO 11M H:: ec.l1eWHoe VI""gHoe / J ; r pynna KOCTHblX pbl6, 1-13BeCTHbiX KaK KI-ICTenepble, 061-1Talla Ha MellKOBOAbflX OKeaHa no BceMY Ml-lpy. . Y4eHbie npeAnOllaralOT, 4TO I-IMeHHO 3TI-I He06bl4Hbie pbl6b1 6blll1-1 npeAKaMI-I aMQ>1-I61-1 - >KI-IBOTHbIX, YMeIOllIl-IX AblwaTb B03AYXOM, HO pa3MHO>KalO1lIl-lxCfI B BOAe. . !J.ellaKaHT - eAI-IHCTBeHHbl 1-13BeCTHbl npeACTaBI-ITellb KI-ICTenepblX pbl6. . XBOCT Y Hero TpexnonacTHbl, 4ewYfI KpynHafi 1-1 MaCCI-IBHafi. . AJlI-IHa Tella 4yrb 6011ee nOllyropa MeTpOB. . nllaBHI-IKI-I HanOMI-IHalOT llanbl, a Ka>KAbl llY4 Cnl-lHHOro nllaBHI-IKa nOKpblT MalleHbKI-IMI-I Wl-lnaMI-I. - 42 =t 
I J50 I I I I I I 300 250 I I I I 200 I I I I 150 GKeAerr\bI 3rr\IAX IAGKOl'1 l1eMbI )( IIK!I ."., He "'f'"""'" ." <" "em"'" "' ,,""'" ..'" f".I'f'''''' 'f'''''' I, J'OAO(el1XH ...... . II "\  .,' IA!I / I \, \  -.. ----- -, .........  ( . ,  o ]tot net\oA nOf'SJ\fUotCf' D ..actOU\..e bl6b1 - ,,U\e8b1e a..nbl, t..a.ana ..e 60nb ",..e.- p,o noJ1YToa ..e,08 ""'....0..' 'a.... e ' 1<3" n..P,o....b'i\ ",e.. a l<3'" .. ,onep,08..lI"a ""ap,oten"...  ''11\'\'\ -,. -- . })}} '; ''0, .. , .... ... _.......... .."'W' Irre'. .... HOKQ 'I HT '".t ,,1 ._ _s. ... ..... -... , ,........ <" _  U"lJ " , - ;,,' :' 43 
I I 500 , I '\ *  J ..I " , ,. I I " " MnH neT HOJOA 450 :-3b' 350 tf '1 . , ,'\\. '- '=;;r \. 1O(Tero - " t. " " , vi . J ..  .. " , s.. ..' )1 .. " ,I' .., l\ ' '. " . . " .... 1 , , "t - 1 ...\.' 'I . to' ''\\ ' . .., h . J t -It!  " . ::.- . - - i''' . ...--. H , !\ r \ (I. . _ .r .TI-IOCTera YAI-IBI-ITellbHblM 06pa30M C04eTaJla B ce6e 4epTbi f{I-ICTenepo pbl6bl 1-1 3eMHOBoAHOro. - 06TeKaeMafl cpopMa Tella, pb161-1 XBOCT - 3TO pOAHI-IT I-IXTI-IOCTer C pbl6aMI-I, HO Y 3TI-IX ApeBHeWl-lx pOACTBeHHI-IKOB llf1ryweK 6blll1-1 n04TI-I HaCTOflllle llanbl, C nOMOlllblO KOTOpblX MO>KHO 6b1110 n01l3aTb no AHY, a MO>KeT 6blTb, Aa>Ke 1-1 no cywe. _ cKonaeMble OCTaTKI-I 3TI-IX nepBblx nOKOpl-lTelle cywl-I 6blll1-1 HaAeHbl B rpeHllaHAI-II-I, I-IX B03paCT - OKOll0 350 MllH. lleT. 44 
I 150 300 . . 250 . . 200 . . 150 fif .[ I "f , " ;H: I J .. (\1ePVC  ' -   - .\ . t ',J(I "/ d J. (  J .. l.I O",,II/'Il.I '/.. 1'1/'1l1g H l.IKOg, KOmOp30h/'ll.lC,b MI'1b1 3 HeOb1I.\Hb1 C,KOpee ke1. 0 , 0 P gom Hb1 '/..- Kl.\c,m e l'1epb1 e pb1b1 b1'/.. l.\emgepOHOZl.\'/.. )l(l.I (IIMl.Itil.\") , l'1 e pgb1'/.. HII3 eM 1.l.\'/.. 3eMHOgOHb1'/.. l.\'/..ml.\Oc,meZl.I l.\ p U TO n06YAl-lll0 >KI-IBOTHbIX BblTI-I Ha cywy? ...,. OAHa 1-13 npeAnOllaraeMblX npl-l41-1H - aCTOe nepeCblXaHl-le BOAOeMOB. . TaKl-le He06bl4Hbie pbl6bl HaY41-111I-1Cb K04eBaTb 1-13 nepecoxwl-lx BOAOeMOB B BOAOeMbI, HanOllHeHHble BOAO. . nOCTeneHHO I-IX nllaBHI-IKI-I npeBpaTl-llll-1Cb B KOHe4HOCTI-I, a CaMI-I >KI-IBOTHble HaY41-111I-1Cb AblwaTb B03AYXOM. . TaK OHI-I 1-1 }l{l-Illl-1 - TO Ha cywe, TO B BOAe. 45 
I I I I I I , I I I I I , I I . . 600 550 500 450 \ '. \ ...... ( j , f t  I" '- f . ., ,If ...... \\  . , , ': ... '. "' i- I, r l . . , .. I' . J   I ',,, I. " (' .....:.- '- - "- fl "- . - .. "" . - - -  -- -\.' '-. - \ 'Wt: . "'1-, . -----  , \} -  "'.1" - .<::(  ,-, "t 
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I I I I I I I  MI1H l1eT H030A  300 250 .2JO-'l'c:, 200  \ \  I - :' 15: \ '- ., I , ! : f . : 1 I , , :1 It  t J f F , " \\. 4  I. ...... "'-<:- ' \ '<' ',' ',.;. '. -.  " ./ , \ L ,   ..'., , '" .'   " '.  v- I. " ./.V .I1 0Hr _  '__, J.tCI(BOMC ...;:;...;-.... " ... -...... "!o ....__ ., ' , ',:.,, \ ,-',' .... ..... - \' . -'  KtOHe 0300 . . , -- . '* . , W apOBl-lnTepl-lKC npl-l06pell Allfl nllaHl-lpOBaHl-lfi nepenoHKY, HaTflHyrylO Me>KAY Tell0M, 3aAHI-IMl-lllanaMI-I 1-1 XBOCTOM. .. 92 
10 I 51 I 1 I I I 100 I 1 I o 50 B noroHe 3a MHoro41-1ClleHHblMl-llleTalO11.II-IMI-I HaCeKOMblMI-I HeCKOllbKO MellKI-IX fll1.Iepl-ll..\ npl-l06pell1-1 pa3Hbie npI-ICnOC0611eHl-lfI, 4T06bl nepeABl-lraTbCfI no B03AYXY. . Y KIOHe03aBpa BblTflHYlll-1Cb HapY>KY pe6pa, COeAI-IHeHHble KO>KHO nepenOHKO. . MaxaTb TaKI-IMI-I «KpblllbflMI-I» KIOHe03aBp He Mor, HO nllaHl-lpOBall Ha HI-IX BeCbMa ycneWHO. MalleHbKO 110Hrl-lCKBaMbi (AllI-IHH04eWYHI-IKa) Ha Cnl-lHe OTpOClll-1 AllI-IHHble nll0CKl-le 4eWYI-I, KOTOpble, BepOfiTHO, ..... I-ICnOllb30Ball1-1Cb elO KaK napaWIOT. . . . . . . . . . . . , OpOBHnTepHI(C . . .. .... " , .... :' -'j .......... ---I  "" "1 ';\. ". " , \", " \ . . j ." . ... . .... '\ . . . .:j:'- . . 
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I 300 I 250  M11H . 11eT  H030A  I _'5 - \ b 150 , I  '- ... I ---- I , "'" I I I . ,- I \ "1} \ I  : . '- , '... ... I , '\ r ,. , , '{t. ) It .-\ -., , ...... ' , \ ,,1: ' . , ' ." . , " .. - ".-", ). ,   ..- .." , .. {'\ PO,.o3Y)l 11 p'm"<" i..' "Ie"" eei'''''''''' I m' lpe"" ,," "" p,,mleH""" ,i.m....... I ""p'" , (jGt1"1za!l fIHb1 ,_6 M, .. 102 
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I o I I I o I I I I 50 I I I I 100 I I I I 150 03 0aPb \ 601 , " o { -- X -----.. QA "!:..... I  ...,., '- ("'0 -- I  I o -. ' I tT   ,.-'I' , , .  ', .... - -.I . .... " r I " !, r, J .t::-- - -:j" ./ - ,-= - I I I I' - \1. . ...... \ ::t' , " \ \ ; ,J 'I: : \ " . v ,A -r . ... , 04 _ - l r-'\  - , r 1\ '" " ..\. \  101. I '  i . - t ". n o 6eperaM npeCHblX 03ep }l{l-Illl-1 np06aKTpOJaBpbl - OpHI-ITOnOAbl nOMeHbwe I-IryaHoAOHOB,A1lI-lHO OKOll0 4 M. 141 
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I iQ .... . o . . . . . . 50 100 150 C eBepOaMepI-IKaHCKI-I XI-ILltHbl AeHOHI-IX, flBllf1BWI-ICfI 611I-1}1{aWI-IM pOACTBeHHI-IKOM apXeOmepl-lKCa, 6blll pa3MepOM C 04eHb KpynHYIO C06aKY.  1-- o    ' , -.-.. t.:., 'L .- f'  '\ Nit  1 ";. :.t.." I' " ...., I, /' Tf!'f1i- . HIA)( AlHl HIA)( 1.1 311 I11b Gl11pOe HlAe t1epe II t1 p lA(,t10(,o"eHHO IA KII3b1&IIel11 H & II He K oez' l eHOI1IA)(II  & ,,"M epe&be I .. Hb1e, K ,,"3"111.110 t10 (,111 O'''i 1.1 111 II ,,1.1 MHOZlAe "ie e KIIK" t10 3eM" ) 143 
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I 211 I 1 .  MnH. neT H030A " 145_ ,00 I 50 ,  t  ':J   0 0 o  '\'   I \ _t ...,. I 4 I I r l-lnCl-lll0<POAOH - He6011bWO paCTI-ITellbHOflAHbl AI-IH03aBp. . rl-lnCl-lllo<pOAOHbl }l{l-Illl-1 He6011bWI-IMI-I CTaAaMI-I. . 6111-13Kl-le pOACTBeHHI-IKI-I eBponecKoro rl-lnCl-lllo<pOAOHa 06HapY}l{eHbi B (eBepHO AMepl-lKe 1-1 B ABCTpalll-1l-1. . B (eBepHO AMepl-lKe OHI-I BCTpe4all1-1Cb AO KOHl..\a nepl-lOAa. 146 
I · o I o I 50 I 100 I . . I 150 I ol1roe BpeMfi He 6blll0 YCTaHOBlleHO, }l{l-Illl-1 nl-l mep03aBpbl B 3ry 3noxy B A31-11-1. . <t>06eTOp, HaAeHHbl B 3anaAHO MOHrolll-11-1 - OAI-IH 1-13 nepBblX 1-13BeCTHbiX mepOAaKTl-llle B AJI-II-I. . (4I-1TaIOT, 4TO OH nl-lTallCfI pbI60, HO, B03MO}l{HO, OCHOBHYIO ero nl-lLltY COCTaBllf1111-1 KpynHble lleTalOLltl-le HaceKOMble.  -- A3MA'/..OM - m e p03A6p - c, p MeA 3mo m HeMbWOt,\ VI mopA Mempo6 - LI j(rJb1 Abe6 OKMO VlM o MHO)Kec,m6oM ! - l.\e p eVl c, A)KpHb1L1 31Ao6. oc'mpb1'/.. MeAKLI'/.. '1 t1) o 6 e "t  '<IfIIi: .-- ,...-----'  ...- \ \ 147 
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I I 200 I I 150  MI1H. l1eT H030A  100_. I 50 ". .. ,... ,  01 "" I t> I u -- , -- - 1 . .. I' ,  I' I- B 3TOT nepl-loA 06pa30Ball1-1Cb ATllaHTI-I4eCKI-I 1-1 HAI-ICKI-I OKeaHbl. 3anaAHYJO CeBepHYJO AMepl-lKY OT BOCT04HO CeBepHO AMepl-lKI-I 1-1 EBpony OT A31-11-1 OTAellf1111-1 Wl-lpOKl-le MOpCKl-le npOlll-1Bbl. Ha BCe 3eMlle rocnOACTBOBall }l{apKI-I /50 
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J I I . . o I 50 I I I I I · 1 00 · I I 1 0 l , , .\ , , -', H e6011bWl-le Bell041-1panrOpbl I-IMelll-1 A11I-1HHble 4ell1OCTI-I co MHO}l{eCTBOM OCTpblX 3y60B. . TaKl-le 4ell1OCTI-I 6blll1-1 npl-lCnOC0611eHbl XBaTaTb MellKYIO nOABl-I}I{HYIO A06bl4Y - flll\epl-l4 1-1111-1 3BepbKOB. -'  - -- .... -- .". -------  ,-  Co '-  --O I ."\\! 1.-   ,'l>..\'   .' , 01'\ ". .., , -Ir:, 'f-' a.- . .. ---   \ " " ..,\. '\ T a p 603aB P b, - CaMble KpynHble Ha3eMHbie XI-Ill\HI-IKI-I 3a BCIO I-ICTOpl-l1O 3eMlll-1, - CKOpee Bcero, nl-lTalll-1Cb naAallblO, a He }l{I-IBO A06bI4e. H a paBHI-IHaX naClll-1Cb MeA11I-1TellbHble KOpOTKOHOrl-le naH41-1pHbie AI-IH03aBpbl CaWaHI-II-I. . OT MHoro41-1ClleHHbiX XI-Ill\HblX AI-IH03aBpOB OHI-I 3all\l-Ill\allI-1Cb «6pOHe» 1-13 nonepe4HbiX KOCTHblX ll\I-ITKOB 1-1 TfI}I{ell0 «6YllaBoih> Ha A11I-1HHOM ynpyroM XBOCTe. , \ ' "- /53 
I I 200 I I 150  MI1H. l1eT H030A  100-b I o Ii I' i; B no BpeMJI Ha TeppMTopMM COBpeMeHHOM nYCTblHM r06M TelUlM 60nbWMe peKM C 06WMpHblMM AenbTaMM, pacKMHynMcb KpynHble 03epa. . PocnM XBOMHble M nMCTBeHHble neca. TaM 06MTano MHO>KeCTBO MenKMX M KpynHblx, XMU4HbIX M pacnnenbHOJlAHblX AMH03aBpOB. XMU4Hble AMH03aBpbl TeponOAbl 6blnM 3AeCb caMblMM pa3Hoo6pa3HblMM B MMpe. o .. ,o)l\e 8\\pan TO P rpnne OTHoeS\TeS\ K ponoAr . ... X\\UlaHb'X Te eHeM OH\\ ! "/;'- HO co 8::;6b'M\\. eTa"\\ '/< -ii '  1. 1 . I ... III :.:: . ' I .   () .' ..:_-  I 't\ :1 ':'t 00,l i!j ")1 I /54 
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I . . 200 . \ . · - .., ':; })l - it . "'1 , . ,. '. -,:;, >.... i\) . - -:!:.} \''' ......- ".::'1 . .. I 150 . 100-b . . . ,il '  MnH, neT HOJOA  I 50 ... ---. . . . . . .!-\.. Q' ,- '-\" .... -'' ... !i; ....,.-   - '<-......t  ' . ,.   i -"-=tt " <..4.-Q \ . ""r) :'. .1Mf .' . Titf'/.fA/.fH;'  ' nmu A - HI!3eMHI!5I  f'I! 3 Ir1elJ(J.AA c CfJ81J r 'YJ r elrleHHfJZfJ u HI! ZC${ HeZfJ nfJXfJJ/(II51. , 'I 1.1 " 1'1 OHOHI-IKYC - AI-IH03aBp pa3MepOM C ryCfI. HeKOTOpble nalleOHTOll0rl-l C41-1TaJOT MOHoHI-IKyca nTl-Ie, yrpaTI-IBWeH Kpblllbfl. . Y MOHOHI-IKyca n04TI-I I-IC4e3111-1 3y6bl, a Ha 04eHb KOpOTKI-IX nepeAHI-IX llanax OCTallCfI cpaKT4eCKI-I OAI-IH nalle C orpOMHblM KorreM. . 4eM OH Mor nl-lTaTbCfI - OCTaeTCfI TOllbKO raAaTb. . MO}l{eT 6blTb, ero nepeAHl-le llanbl 6blll1-1 npl-lCnOC0611eHbl pa3pblBaTb rHe3Aa TepMI-ITOB 1-1111-1 MypaBbeB? 1;1 /56 
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 0 0  50 100 150 -I :1-  "- ....-.1." '-  , :i Y ' -  rq\ OHOHHl(y(" H a 3eMlle }f{e }l{l-Ill0 MHoro pa3111-14Hb1X MellKI-IX MlleKOnl-lTaJOll.\l-Ix. . B OCHOBHOM 3TO 6blll1-1 ell.\e npl-lMI-ITI-IBHble fIeK1laAYll.\l-Ie 1-1 cYM4aTbie XI-11l.\Hbie 1-1111-1 noxo}l{l-1e Ha rpbl3YHOB 3BepbKI-I, TaKl-le, KaK 3allf1M6AalleCTec. ----... -- c. ....... , c.: 1e 't  f'e .... O , , fO .. "  '. I , I l' I ,_».Ji.. \ \ , " ... . ",'- " , . -, \\\, ,  /,lJ \\  '.  \" \ \\ J /, I' -- -...... ,J -- : \ ..: . "{ 'f /57 
I 00 I 150 " MnH. neT H030A " 100-b I 50 B 3TO BpeMfi Ha 3eMlle 061-1Tall0 04eHb MHOro pa3111-14Hb1X flllIepl-l4. . AapxaH3aBp OTHOCI-ITCfI K rpynne 6011bwerolloBblX flllIepl-ll\, OCTaTKI-I KOTOpblX 4aCTO Bcrpe4alOTCfI B MOHrolll-1l-1. . A11I-1Ha AapxaH3aBpOB AOCTI-Iralla 50-60 CM, 3TO 6blll1-1 AOBOllbHO KpynHble flllIepI-l4bl.. (Kopee Bcero, OHI-I >Kl-llll-1 B BOAe 1-1 nl-lTalll-1Cb KaKI-IMI-I-TO MflrKI-IMI-I paCTeHI-IfiM1-1. O""30P o'I- -:>-_ J ". I "';\:. , " .. . ' .... ;,: .. ".-' .-'. .  ' " - '\ /515 ". -- 
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I 200 . . I . 150 " MnH. neT HQ3QA " 100-b I 50 n pOTOL.\epaTonCbI - npOCTeWl-le 1-1 caMble MalleHbKl-le 1-13 poraTblX AI-IH03aBpOB, A11I-1HO 1,5-2 M. . npOTOL.\epaTonc 3HAPIOca 6blll OAHI-IM 1-13 caMblX pacnpocrpaHeHHblX npOTOL.\epaToncOB B KOH4e nepl-lOAa B MOHrolll-1l-1. oou.epOtOf) q "'APJ()Co (' "',  \ .  .. ;], . ,I .\  - ". t-, ' -- '- _ ' I!  '" _ -J - "mot'1c'o o t'1pom o u,ep.   0 '" )(UlAI,HUK   IfOc,m HblU 3 W,umou II' !MU p HblU " " II mMbKO 0  e p )(U !MelO. c'1I%.u UKpbld!MUU c, ., oromHUK) t'1p /60 
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M OPfi B 3TOT nepl-loA 6blll1-1 nepenOllHeHbl nllaHKTOHOM 1-1 pbI60. . KCl-lcpOKTI-IHYCbl 6blll1-1 OrpOMHbIMI-I, AO 6 M AJlI-IHOH, Xl-Il1\HblMI-I pbl6aMI-I BHyrpeHHero MOpfi CeBepHoH AMepI-1KI-I, no BCel-1 BI-IAI-IMOCTI-I nl-lTaBWI-IMI-ICfI CBOI-IMI-I 6011ee MellKI1MH co6paTbflMI-I.  1-//l3:;W;Jg/jgrptJ!  '-' "lOll; 'III;, I{I-//llfe p'.!1l{l-/g3/1!, '/rgl-/gC6J/}/ , ',;,o.... 'I'/I/}/I{ I{ , .  I 50 o . . . . . . o O ::l<f O ,.,°0   Ka, . I 50 I I . . I I 100 I I . . I I 150 "  -.... (/ \' " -- I . .-'JI ",' ( .JJ{ ,{ ': . . , ' It,  ::::  -.\\';,... "","" ", i\ , . "- .-/' ....l . \-::; ,.: - \7... , . 1.  -\  \ 
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I I t' MI1H, l1eT HOJOA t' I 150 100 0 65-3& ""- :. ,. ... d H a cywe BblMeplll-1 AI-IH03aBpbl, B OKeaHax I-IC4e3111-1 I-IXTI-I03aBpbl 1-1 nlll-103aBpbl, B B03AYxe 6011bwe He 6blll0 mepOJaBpOB, a B MOpfiX - aMMOHI-ITOB. Ho nOflBl-llll-1Cb APyrl-le rpynnbl >KI-IBOTHbIX. B Ha4alle nepl-loAa MaTepl-lKI-I Y>Ke npl-lHfllll-1 n04TI-I npl-lBbl4Hbie HaM 04epTaHl-lfi. A:31-1f1 1-1 (eBepHafi AMepl-lKa 6blll1-1 COeAI-IHeHbl Wl-lpOKI-IM MOCTOM CYWI-I, 1-1 KOpOTKOe BpeMfi cyeCTBoBalla cyxonyrHafi CBfl3b Me>+<A,Y (eBepHO AMepI-lKO 1-1 EBpono, a A:31-11O 1-1 EBpony pa3Aellf111 Wl-lpOKI-I npOlll-1B. Ha HeCKOllbKO AeCflTKOB Ml-lllll1-10HOB lleT OKa3allaCb B 1-13011f11..\1-I1-I ID>KHafi AMepl-lKa. OKOH4aTellbHO OTAelll-111aCb ABCTpalll-1f1. Ir1HAl-lfi «nllbllla» B 3TO BpeMfi Ha ceBep, HaxOAfiCb B l..\eHTpe Ir1HAI-ICKOro OKeaHa. B 3KBaTOpl-lallbHOM nOflce rocnoACTBoBall TpOnI-l4eCKI-I K1lI-lMaT, a B ceBepHblX 172 
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I I 1 . I I 111  MnH neT HOJOA  I o 65-3& I' I B 3TOT nepl-lOA Wl-lpOKO pacnpOCTpaHfllOTCfI pa3Ho06pa3Hbie MellKl-le ApeBHl-le MlleKOnI-lTalOl-Ie. . HeKOTopble 1-13 HI-IX BCKope AOCTl-lrJll-I cpeAHI-IX 1-1 KpynHblx pa3MepOB. . naHTOAOHTbl npOAI-IHOIepaCbl I-IMelll-1 6011bWl-le K1lblKI-I 1-1 npl-lCnOC0611eHHble K pa3Mellb4eHl-lIO pa3Ho06pa3HO nl-l1-I KopeHHble 3y6bl. . 3TO 6blll1-1 BCeflAHbie >KI-IBOTHble AllI-1HO OKOll0 2 M. {\OHTOOIt -- OAHH04e 1"6, <,r 'lJo. :\  -';. =('" ." -  I -' I:::: u . ,.. ..... .,.... ( , , ' " . 'I ""," ...... , , . . 174 
\,eBe(' . ,.  ":) ...\, -" S  CT I o I I I 50 100 I . . I I I 150 . B lleCaX 061-1Tall0 MHOro MellKI-IX ApeSeCHblX nTl-Il..\ - AallbHI-IX pOACTBeHHI-IKOB COBpeMeHHblX KYKyweK, AflTll0B 1-1 I-IM nOA06HbIX. TpeXMeTPOBbl I OHroll0HI-IKC I-IMell nOBaAKI-I HaCToflero CBl-lpenoro XI-IHI-IKa, cnoc06Horo OXOTI-ITbCfI Ha TaKI-IX >Ke pa3MepOB }l{I-IBOTHbIX - ro6l-1aTepl-leB. I---- )' ........J I I . . I I 200 .:: ?- ') i:--- ;._. t --- *-, I ,\" <_ - - -  -. ...... ,..-- - - - - -- - --- -- -- -- t-\KC. OtifnO "\  \\ .  '"   " !>. >\, ,<H" =' .> ', y 1i -_ _ 9\'.',;" t. "- 'J1]' - - \'- ; , " -- -- y - -..... : \.\ \j >c.t '"  if , ,-- .,.-. --- ---- fI!I '...: - --.. -- 175 
 011bWOro pa3H006pa31-1f1 AOCTl-lrJll-I D paCTI-ITellbHOflAHble KOnblTHble }l{I-IBOTHble: 6011bWI-IMI-I rpynnaMI-I OHI-I naClll-1Cb no 6eperaM BOAoeMOB 1-1 B KYCTapHI-IKOBblX 3apOCllfiX. . 3TI-I >KI-IBOTHble 6blll1-1 AOBOllbHO Wl-lpOKO pacnpOCTpaHeHbI B 4eHTpallbHO A31-11-1 1-1 (eBepHO AMepl-lKe, ropa3Ao · MeHbwe I-IX 6blll0 B EBpone. . OAI-IH 1-13 caMblX KpynHblx - npOTI-ITaH.. HeYK1lIO}I{l-Ie 1-1 HenOBOpOTlll-1Bbie ro61-1aTepl-ll-l 4aCTO CTaHOBl-llll-1Cb }l{epTBaMI-I KpynHblx XI-IHI-IKOB 3TOro nepl-lOAa. (YAfI no BceMY, 3TI-I >KI-IBOTHble 6blll1-1 AOBOllbHO · . Yfl3BI-IMbi npl-l HanaAeHl-I1-I 6011ee 110BKOro . 1-1 6blCTpOro MOHroll0HI-IKca. . · . . .!. A .. .. - . --..  "'",  ' - -::- ;'1eT" :- ro6O ..? - I 150 I I . . II ., - , I_; '" 1 :- ;- tt.:J -- < --- '",- 176 I I 100 \ 'MnH, neT HOJOA  I o 65-3& . . . \ ---:._ ---- .... _... \--  } -- - - 
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K KPynHb,M XI-Ill.\HI-IKaM 3TOro nepl-loAa MO}l{HO OTHeCTI-I naXl-leH. . naXl-leHa - CTpaHHOe CYll.\eCTBO pa3MepOM C BOllKa, C 6011bWI-IMI-I IUlbIKaMI-I, npl-lrynlleHHblMI-I KOpeHHblMI-I 3y6aMI-I 1-1 KOpOTKI-IMI-I nflTl-lnallblMI-I KOHe4HOCTfiMI-I. . Ho nallbLlbl Ha HI-IX 3aKaH41-1Ball1-1Cb He KOrTfiMI-I, a KonblTLlaMI-I. Zo&Opl.\lI1 CHI.\C 3O& YlIIXI.\CHtsI ","KI.\C 3tsI GlI1pO ,,"'IIHI.\I.\ YlIIlIAbj() - "10 KOClI1cLi) )KHOM YI..'" zptsl311H" <I &03M YlP"CYlOCOACHtsI K : KII3ts1&IICII1 )(OPOW II ClI1pOCHI.\C CK;AC KOYltsl ll1HtslM I.\ OIJCII1DO C HII CC P J lI111j()IA.\I.\MI.\. MACKOYl" I o 50 . . I I I I I I 100 1 50  , '!O ..  \ . I I I 200 ..... '-..- \ \ 0 q;  o c: /6/ 
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I I 1 0 Kl1pUl1gl1H - )Ku8l1ml!l1e 65 - 3& pR3Mepl1M C HeOtJAb/#I1ZI1 HI1Cl1pI1ZR.. \ L.A.thOAOH .' O.,'¥ ."_  " .  I I 100  MJ1H, J1CT HOJOA  I o ,  . -4. J ....... '"  J - : \ I \ 1 ,. , ,. I._w .... . .: .  -  .-- , - -- --  :1\ ."",. ,. r.;' 1 ... ,-....---- , "t'\,.aTepHH  \ .,'ic . '. .   .....:. , . i !III ,10, Ylmml/mefUU ,...: \ gocmuz fl/3Mefo8 HOCOfOZl/,  Hezo '\ fl/38UliUCh Cmfl/HHltle fOZOf!ogOOHffJe  !ffJfocmltl HR ZO/i(J8e,  ..' 154 
o . 50 . . I 100 . I 150 . I I 200 \, K KOH4.Y nepl-loAa cpeAI-I MlleKOnI-lTalOll.\X Y}I{e nOflBllf1IOTCfI AOBOllbHO KpynHble paCTI-ITellbHOflAHble }l{I-IBOTHble. . KOpl-lq>OAOHbl nl-lTalll-1Cb MflrKO paCTI-ITellbHOCTblO 1-1 }l{l-Illl-1 no 6eperaM 03ep 1-1 60110T. pxeOllaM6Aa - He6011bwoe BcefiAHoe j/{I-IBOTHOe 1-13 LleHTpallbHO A31-11-1. . ApxeOllaM6Abi nl-lTallCb MOllllIOCKaM, 4epBflMI-I, HaceKOMbIMI-I, pa3111-14Hb1MI-I nll0AaMI-I. . OHI-I }l{l-Illl-1 B llecy 1-1, B03MO}l{HO, lla3all1-1 no AepeBbflM. .......... . . . . . . . "I J;. . . .. r '(58 : .  .O- .'  · · ?':M6AO- --;'. ":' .. . I-IHTaTepl-l .... nl-lTallCfI paCTI-ITellbHO m1ll.\e. Hal-l6011ee MHoro41-1ClleHHbi 3TI-I }l{I-IBOTHble 6b1111-1 B (eBepHo AMepl-lKe. . OHI-I BblMeplll-1 B KOH4e nepl-lOAa, He OCTaBI-IB nOTOMKOB. (5 {Me e. 165 
I I 150 . I I 100  MflH. flTHO]OA  I o 65-3& O rpOMHble npOTI-ITaHbl HecneWHO nOmOll.\alll-1 paCTI-ITellbHOCTb y 6eperoB 03ep. . OCTaTKI-I 3TOro npOTI-ITaHa 6blll1-1 HaAeHbl B I{)}I{HO MOHrolll-1l-1. npOTI-ITaH I-IMell OTHOCI-ITellbHO He60llbWO «por» 1-13 pa3pOCWI-IXCfI HOCOBblX KOCTe. . npOTI-ITaHbl 6blll1-1 OAHI-IMI-I 1-13 caMblX KpynHblx 3Bepe nepl-loAa. 3uf11 '/ nfumumIT nfUcnucUlJeHf11 HIT f11IJU l l1emf11ITCmUmeIJ6HUU nu;;mITHUIO M}lZKfJU n:nlflJ f11X HUZlfX ttgfJH; OJIf f11 Hlf UtUfuKUX ""- munKUM OJ IJ(J nebe G. , '"' fJlJ(Jmucmf11M r :g UZlfm6CJl MecmITM, .1   I).()  OJ' 'JJ   . 't  = =.:.--. I '\  c:; ( I ,.. & , i!  I It IE> - / -- 
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I o 50 I I I 110 I . I I 50 I I . . I I 200 '_ ' o /' () . ,,:; let \ " i 4 ce ,___ ' COBpeMeHHble -....... __ }l{Ba4Hble }l{I-IBOTHble - ... - - - - - - napHOKonblTHble (ol1eHI-I, 6b1KI-I, aHTl-lll0nbll-l AP.) OTHOCflTCfI K rpynne poraTblX. . ApeBHl-le HX npeACTaBI-ITelll-1 pOroB He I-IMelll-1. . napHOKonblTHble nOflBllf1IOTCfI 3aMeTHO nOJ}I{e HenapHOKonblTHblX (HOCOpOrl-l, Tanl-lpbl, 110WaAI-I). . OAHO 1-13 ApeBHeHWI-IX H3BeCTHbiX }l{Ba4HbIX - apXeOMepl-lKC - He6011bWO 011eHeK Alll-1HOH 40- 50 CM, OCTaTKI-I KOTOpOro 6blllH HaAeHbl B KHTae.  \. , t (, QJ < o ... I ., - )(  c1 I '\ \ 159 
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- I I I I I I I I I 0 50 100 150 200 \-, . I \, \   -  ------ .. - l ' .  . .r  ' \1- _. ) : ;.,f. J - "  . '1-- I ./ Jj _ ...., , rpaBflHI-ICTblH nOKpoB B eroAHflwHeM nOHI-IMaHl-I1-I TorAa elJ..le He'ccpopMl-lpOBallcfI. (peAI-I HenapHoKonblTHblX 1-1 napHoKonblTHblX MlleKOnl-lTalOIJ..II-IX B03HI-IK1lH HOBbie rpynnbl paCTI-ITellbHOflAHbl cnoco6Hbie YCBal-lBaTb }l{eCTKl-liit llI-1CTOBO 1-1 BeT04Hbl KOpM 1-1 6blCrpO nepeABHraTbCfI no OTKpblTblM npocrpaHCTBaM. npl-lMI-ITI-IBHble XHIJ..IHI-IKI-I, npl-lCnOC0611eHHble K OXOTe B llecax, CTalll-1 HC4e3aTb, a nOflBl-lllHCb HOBbie XI-IIJ..IHbie MlleKOnl-lTalOlJ..ll-le (Kowallbl-l, c06a4bl-l, MeABe}l{bl-l), B03HI-IK1l1-1 npaKTI-I4eCKI-I Bce COBpeMeHHble ceMeCTBa nTH4. Ho 3TOT nepl-lOA MO}l{HO C YBepeHHOCTblO 11 Ha3BaTb 4apCTBOM 6e3porl-lX HOCOpOroB, >+<ypaBlle06pa3HblX nTI-I4 1-1 Ha3eMHbiX 4epenax. 195 
I I 100 I 50  MnH. neT H030A  I o 38-'25  ....-..- "  " y " One . 1 " .. 0- :.-, . . "0... · · · · · · )!U n epBble HOCOP:}I{:1-1 · · .". . B03HI-1K1lH e14e B npeAbIAY14I-1 .. nepl-1OA, HO Tenepb nOflBllf1IOTCfI 6e3porl-1e . }l{1-1 BOTH ble, XopOWO npl-1CnOC0611eHHble K }l{1-13HI-1 Ha 06pa30BaBWI-1XCfI OTKpblTblX npocrpaHCTBax. . A3HaTCKI-1 alllla4eponc HanOMI-1Hall He4TO CpeAHee Me}l{AY HOCOpOroM 1-1 110waAblO. . BblCOKoe Y3Koe Tyll0BI-114e 1-1 YAllI-1HeHHble rpexnallble KOHe4HOCTH roBOpfiT 0 TOM, 4TO }l{I-1BOTHOe 6blll0 XopOWO npI-1CnOC0611eHO K 6ery. . 3y6bl ero npeAHa3Ha4all1-1Cb A/lfl nJ.-naHI-1f1 llI-1CTBO KYCTapHI-1KOB. , . . 1'- . 'j . J\o4>OMepHK(bl :- '!> ... ..., .. r' \ ...,. , ,.  ' -' \  - 
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I o I 50 I I . . I I 100 I I . . I I 150 I I . . I 200 't  ,,\ or- 4 HIT ITHl11fITk(Jl11ef/.{rj, 110 Bcerj !/.{!f/.{MOCI11/.{ I OX0I11/.{IJ/.{C6 l/.{eHf!!J(JHhl - x/.{Uf,H/.{k/.{ cfe!fHelo fIT3 M efIT C olf(JMH(Jrj l(JM!(Jrj /.{ O(J1J6U{/.{M/.{ 3OITM/.{, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... "'1 AHTPOI{O'tep.,.,  '" .- = -:>- \   - , ':t -' - , ... .. "'>... .......... ....... , .. 
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)].;151 MJIA.D.ll1HO WKOJIbHOro B03PACTA KypO'tKUH E62eHuu HUKoJwe6u'I )J.HH03aBpbl H lIOHCTopll'lecKHit MHp XyOO.JlCHUKU: A. H. CU'1Kapb. H. B. MamlOlUeHKo .lbBaHHcp B. H. OKJIGOHUK06a PC..'laKTOp-COCTaBI1TCJlb A. B. HO/lmyxoecKaJ/ XYllO)KeCTBCHHblH pellaKTOp C. B. JJe6eoe6a KoppeKTop JJ. A. JJa3apeea IhiJoHue nOOi!OmOe:1eHO 6 KO,lfnblOmepHO,1f ll,eHmpe UjlJame.lbCmea «POCM3H». nO.anilCallO IIlIe'laTh 07.12.05. <Dop\laT 70x90 1/ 12 , EYMara ocllceTH.IH. ne'laTb OI!>CCT. rapllilrypa «Europe». YC1. n '1. 1.9.36. TllpaJK 10 ()()() 3K3. 3aKa3 Nu 1864. 3AO .POCM3H-nPECC.. nO'lTOllb!R aLlpCC: 125124. MocKll3. a/II 62. TeJI.: (095) 933-71-30. IOpHllH'leCKIIH a.apec: 129301. MocKBa. Y'. 60pllca ra.1YWKI1Ha. JI. 23. CTp. I. Howu "-lUeHmbl u onm08b1e nOKynome'IU ."Vlym O{/JopMumb JUKaJ, nu.,.)"/umb OllepeJICOIO 1O UHrPoPMOU.UIO 0 ""OHOX (Ib1XOOO u3doHUR U nepCneKmU(lHbIX npoeKmox (I HHmepHeme no oopecy: "",w.rosman.ru OTilEJ1 OnTOBblX npo.J.NK: Bce ropoila POCCIlIl. CH r: (095) 933-70-73: MocKBa II MOCKOIICKIDI o6J1a<.Tb: (095) 933-70-75. O1ne'laTaHO II nOJlHOM COOTllCTCTIIIIII C Ka'lCCTBO\l IlpeliOCTan. eHHb1X Jlllan03I1TIlBOB B OAO «TYJlbCKa>! rnnorpa4I1fA«. 300600. r. TYJla. np. J1cHIlHa. 109. ISBN 5-353-02136-3 YLIK 087.5:56 66K 28.1 K93 @ 3AO ..POCM3H-nPECC», 2005
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A H03ABPbl H AOHCTOpH\.4eCKHH MHp .J B 3TO KHI-Ire OTpa}l{eHbl OCHOBHble 3Tanbl pa3BI-ITl-lfi }l{1II3HI-I Ha 3eM11e 3a nOC11eAHl-le 600 MI-I11111-10HOB 11eT. MHOrl-le 1-13 1-1306pa}l{eHHbiX 3AeCb }l{I-IBOTHbIX }l{1-I111-1 B pa3Hbie 3nOXI-I 111111-1 Ha pa3HbiX KOHTI-IHeHTaX. OHI-I C06paHbi BMeCTe, 4T06bl 6011ee n011HO nOKa3aTb pa3HOo6pa31-1e }l{I-IBOTHOro Ml-lpa Ka}l{Aoro, npOA011}1{aBwerocfI AeCflTKI-I MI-I11111-10HOB 11eT nepl-lOAa. I I I I I I 500 450 MSlH. l1e1 HOJO.Q - . . . ., - -.: ----- -. , ... \- - \:\\"I\'. \ . ; p. - ,'). I I 400 I I I I I 350 " -........ ISBN 5-353-02136-3 111111 1 }i r .. to' . fff.' f . i! 9 785353 021360 ; --- :..- -._- -f.- _....---