Автор: Ф. де Ланнуа
Теги: всеобщая история период второй мировой войны (1939 -1945 гг) история ливии вторая мировая война история войн
ISBN: 978-5-9713-9547-8
Год: 2008
Текст
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ABYXCOT BCaAHMKOB) npOAOJl>KaIlM 6ecnoKoMTb MTa-
JlbflHCKMe nOApa3AeIleHMfI.
B flHBape 1929 roAa reHepaIl 6aAaIlbO, CTaB-
WM K 3TOMY BpeMeHM cpeJlbAMapWaIloM, CMeHMIl
reHepaIla Ae 60HO. npM nOMOLl.\M reHepaIla rpa,-\M-
aHM, Ha3HayeHHoro Ha AOJl>KHOCTb BM,-\e-ry6epHa-
TOpa M KOMaHAYIOLl.\ero Bo cKaMM, 6aAaIlbO K 1931
roAY 3aKOHYMIl YMMPOTBopMTeIlbHYIO aK,-\MIO, 3aXBa-
TMB 3Ilb-KycpPY B <De,-\,-\aHe. Ha BOCTOYHO rpaHM,-\e
nMBMM OH c03AaIl ,-\enb 3arpa>KAeHM , npeAcTaB-
JlflBWYIO c060 KOM6MHa,-\MIO M3 9 3aCTaB (3 maB-
Hble M 6 BcnoMoraTeIlbHblx), KOTopble oxpaHflIlM
npOBOIlOYHble 3arpa>KAeHMfI M MMeJlM B CBoeM pac-
nOpfl>KeHMM MOTOpecypCbl. B ceHTfl6pe 1931 roAa
6blJl CXBa....eH M Ka3HeH maBHbl npeABoAMTeIlb MfI-
Te>KHMKOB YMap aIlb-MYKTap (no np03BMLl.\Y neB
nYCTbIHM). OCTaJlbHbie napTM3aHbi CIlO>KMIlM 0PY-
>KMe, M 24 flHBapfi 1932 roAa 6aAaIlbo AOJlO>KMIl 0
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Colonies, protectorats, possessions, condominiums
Colonies, protectorates, possessions, condominions
-
Angleterre
Britain
Franc;:ais
France
KapTa nl-181-11-1
Italie
Italy
CeBepo-BoCTO HaSi Act>PMKa B 1940 roAY
- 3pll1Tpefl, Ile>KaLl.\afl Ha 6epery KpacHoro MOpfl, K ceBepy OT A6I11CCMHII1M, flBIlflIlaCb MTaJlbflHCKMM BIla-
AeHMeM C 1890 roAa.
- A6I11CCII1HII1f1 (3cpIl10nMfI), Ha KOTOpylO npeTeHAOBaJlM BeIlIl1K06pMTaHII1f1, <DpaH,-\II1f1 111 L-1TaIlMfI, B TpMAl\a-
TblX roAax XX BeKa npeAcTaBIlflIla c060 HeCKOIlbKO He3aBII1CII1MbiX acppll1KaHCKMx cTpaH. B03maBIlfieMafi
HerycoM XaMIloM CeIlaccM I A6111CCMHMfI nOCIle KpaTKo KaMnaH1I1111 (c OKTfl6pfl 1935 roAa no cpeBpaIlb 1936-ro)
6blIla 3aBoeBaHa L-1TaIlll1e . BMecTe C 3pll1Tpee M MTaJlbflHCKO COMaIlIl1 CKO AcppIl1KO OHa 06pa30BaJla
BOCTO....Hble II1TaIlbflHCKlI1e BIlaAeHII1f1.
- B KOHl\e XIX BeKa Teppll1TOpll1f1 COMaJlM 6blIla nOAeIleHa Me>KAY 6pIl1TaHCKMM, cppaH,-\Y3CKII1M M MTaIlb-
flHCKII1M BIlMflHlI1eM. L-1TaJlbflHl\bl 06pa30BaJlll1 CBO npOTeKTOpaT Ha IO>KHOM n06epe>Kbe B 1889 roAY, a 3aTeM
3aXBaTII1IlM KOHTpOIlb M HaA Bce CTpaHo , CTaBwe npOTeKTOpaTOM B 1905 roAY (L-1TaIlbflHcKafi COMaJlM -
CKafi AcppMKa co cTOIlM,-\e B MoraAMwo). OKKynal\lI1f1 6pMTaHl\aMM COMaJlM Ha....aJlaCb B 1884 roAY 111 WIla
OT 3aIlll18a AAeH. L-1 HaKOHel\, <DpaH,-\Y3cKoe COMaJlM CKOe n06epe>Kbe (co CTOnMl\e ,Qy6a ) -TeppIl1TOpll1f1,
yxoAflLl\afl B my6b MaTepll1Ka OT 6YXTbi T8A>Kypa AO caMoro AAeHa, - CTaIlO cppaH,-\Y3CKMM npOTeKTOpaTOM
C 1884 roAa. 3TII1 3eMIlll1 npll1COeAII1HII1IlMCb K CB060AHO <DpaHl\II1M B AeKa6pe 1942 roAa.
- KeHMfI flBIlflIlaCb 6pMTaHcKoCi KOIlOHlI1eCi C KOH,-\a XIX BeKa, eCIlIl1 He C....II1TaTb He60IlbWoCi 6eperoBo
nOIlOCbl 3aH3M6ap, 6blBwe npOTeKTopaToM.
- CYA8H C 1889 roA8 HaxOAII1IlCfI B COBMeCTHOM aHmO-erll1neTCKOM BIlaAeHMII1 C 6pll1TaHCKII1M ry6epHa-
TOpOM BO maBe.
- ErMneT CTaIl6pMTaHCKII1M npOTeKTopaToM B 1914 roAY. B 1922 roAY ErMneT BOCCTaHOBII1Il CBOIO He3a-
BMCII1MOCTb 111 ero cymaH npeBpaTII1IlCfI B KOpOIlfi <DyaAa I. B 1923 roAY TaM 6blIla npOB03maweHa napIla-
MeHTCKafi pecny6IlMKa. Ho BeIlIl1K06pIl1TaHII1f1 npOAOIl>Kana KOHTpOIlll1pOBaTb Bce KOMMYHMKal\lI1l11, 060POHY,
BHeWHlI1e CHOWeHII1f1111 OTHOWeHII1f1 C CYAaHoM. Erll1neT A06MIlCfI nOIlHo He3aBMCMMOCTM B 1936 roAY. OAHa-
KO 6pMTaHII1f1 OCTaBII1Ila 3a c060 KOHTpOIlb HaA BHewHeCi nOIlIl1TMKO cTpaHbl M Aep>KaIla BOMHCKM KOHTMH-
reHT B 30He CY3l\KOro KaHaJla. nepeA Ha....aJlOM BTOpOCi MlI1pOBO BOCiHbl Erll1neT flBIlflIlCfI Ba>KHO 6pMTaHcKo
BoeHHoCi 6a30 , ....TO He COOTBeTCTBOBaIlO nporepMaHCKII1M B3mflAaM MeCTHoro 06Ll.\eCTBa...
nOIlHOM nOAaBJleHMM MflTe>Ka. PeopraHM3a,-\MfI nM-
BMM OcpM,-\MaJlbHO npOM30WJla 1 flHBapfi 1934 roAa,
KorAa 6blIl0 06bflBIleHo 06 06beAMHeHMM Tpll1nOIlM-
TaHMM M KMpeHaMKM, 9 flHBapfl1939 roAa, eCJlM He
CYMTaTb <De,-\,-\aHa, cTaBwero «BoeHHO 30HO " B
IO>KHO TpMnOJlMTaHMM, BCfI 3Ta TeppMTopMfI 6blIla
npMcoeAMHeHa K MeTponOIlMM.
UTanbRHCKaR KonOHU3aLlUR
L--1TaJlbflHCKafi KOJlOHM3a,-\MfI nMBMM HayaJlaCb
eLl.\e B 1923 roAY. B TpMnOJlMTaHMM nepBbl ry6ep-
HaTOp, ceHaTOp ,Q>KY3enne BOJlbnM, CTaIl KonMpo-
BaTb cppaH,-\Y3cKMe MHM,-\MaTMBbl, npoBoAMMble B
AIl>KMpe M TYHMce, no WMPOKOMY npMMeHeHMIO no-
IlMTMKM 3eMeJlbHO KOH,-\eccMM. KOIlOHMCTbl nOJlY-
....aIlM 3eMJllO BO BJlaAeHMe 3a onpeAeIleHHYIO nJlaTy
M B COOTBeTCTBMM C ee peaJlbHO 3acTpo KO MJlM
06pa60TKo . KorAa ry6epHaTopoM Ha3HaYMIlM Ae
60AO, TYAa Bbl3BaIlM onblTHblX KOIlOHMCTOB M3 Ty-
HMca. 3aTeM, B 1926 roAY, nOCJle cBoero nepBoro
BM3MTa, MYCCOJlMHM npMHflJlCfI BHeApflTb HOBYIO
cMcTeMY. KOH,-\eccMoHepbl nOJlyyaIlM rpaHTbl M AeHb-
rM TOIlbKO B TOM CJlyyae, eCIlM B MX YCTaBHOM cpOH-
Ae 6blIlM MTaJlbflHCKMe AeHe>KHble BKJlaAbl. YCMM-
peHMe KMpeHaMKM B TpMA,-\aTbIX roAax npoBoAM-
JlOCb nYTeM OCHOBaHMfI 60JlbWOrO KOIlMyeCTBa
HOBblX noceIleHM . TaKafi nOJlMTMKa oCYLl.\eCTBJlfl-
IlaCb 6blBWMM AOcpMHOM Ayye - KOMaHAYIOLl.\MM
aBMa,-\Me MapwaIloM L--1TaJlO 6aJlb60, Ha3HayeH-
HblM ry6epHaTOpOM B 1936 roAY, YTO npMBeJlO K B03-
HMKHOBeHMIO nOCeJleHM , rAe KOJlOHMCTaMM 6blJlM
cnIlOWb M pflAOM 6blBwMe cpawMcTcKMe 60eBMKM.
B 1938 roAY 6blIlO 06pa30BaHo 9 TaKMX nOCeJleHM
(5 B TpMnOJlMTaHMM M 4 B KMpeHaMKe), rAe pa3Mec-
TMJlMCb B 06Ll.\e CJlO>KHOCTM OKOJlO 20 000 "pa60-
YMX IlerMoHepoB», npMBe3eHHbix M3 HeanoJlfl M re-
HYM. LleJlblO 6aIlb60 6blJlO AOBecTM YMCIleHHOCTb
KOIlOHMCTOB AO nOIlYMMJlJlMOHa K nfiTMAecflTblM ro-
AaM! Ho nOA06Hbie noceIleHMfI Bbl3BaIlM BOJlHY
npoTecTa co CTOpOHbl apa6cKMx cTpaH, M ....MCJleH-
HOCTb KOIlOHMCTOB K HaYaJlY BO Hbl CTaIla y6blBaTb
(11 000 B 1939 roAY M Y>Ke 4000 B 1940 roAY). B 1940
roAY B nMBMM B 06Ll.\e CJlO>KHOCTM >KMJlO 90 000 KO-
JlOHMCTOB, a B 1921-M MX 6blIlO Bcero JlMWb 18 000.
OAHaKO OHM Bce >Ke 6blJlM MeHbWMHCTBOM B CTpaHe
C HaCeJleHMeM OKOJlO 750 000 YeJlOBeK.
9
npMCYTCTBMe MTaIlbflH,-\eB cnOC06CTBOBaJlO YC-
KOpeHHOMY pa3BMTMIO KOJlOHMM, B OC06eHHOCTM
«nOIle3HO " npM6pe>KHO 30Hbl. CIOAa MTaJlbflH,-\bl
BIlO>KMJlM HeCKOJlbKO MMJlJlMapAOB JlMp M pa3BepHY-
JlM WMpOKM cppOHT pa60T. OHM nOCTpOMIlM npM-
6pe>KHYIO Aopory M3 TpMnOIlM B 6ap6MIO AIlMHO B
1800 KMJlOMeTpOB, BMa 6aIlb60 (B yeCTb MapwaIla
6aIlb60), ee TOp>KeCTBeHHOe OTKpblTMe COCTOflJlOCb
B npMcYTcTBMM MYCCOJlMHM B 1937 roAY. npM6pe>K-
Hble ropoAa oTcTpaMBaIlMcb, M AIlfi HMX pa3pa6aTbl-
BaJlMCb MacwTa6Hbie nporpaMMbl pa3BMTMfI. CTO-
JlM,-\a, TpMnOJlM, 6blJla 6YKBaIlbHo BblcTpoeHa 3aHO-
BO. nOflBMJlMCb HOBbie 3AaHMfI, WMpOKMe 6YIlbBapbl,
nJlOLl.\aAM \.1 cpOHTaHbl, KOTopble BO MHOroM Hano-
MMHaJlM PMM. rIlaBHble nopTbl 060PYAOBaJlMCb B
TpMnOIlM, 6eHra3M M T06PYKe. 6blJlM BblKonaHbl KO-
JlOA,-\bl M OpOCII1TeJlbHble KaHaIlbl M nOCa>KeHO MHO-
>KeCTBO AepeBbeB. OAHaKO KorAa pa3pa3MIlaCb
BTopafl MMpOBafi BO Ha, Bce 3TM pa60Tbi OKa3a-
JlMCb eLl.\e AaIleKM OT 3aBepweHMfI.
reorpact>M eCKaSi CMl)'a4MSI
06JlaAafi nJlOLl.\aAblO B 1 759 000 KBaApaTHblx
KMIloMeTpoB (AIlfi cpaBHeHMfI nIlOLl.\aAb ErMma
Bcero JlMWb 1 000000 KBaApaTHbix KMJlOMeTpoB),
nMBMfI TeppMTOpMaJlbHO B TpM pa3a npeBocxoAMT
<D paH ,-\\.1 10. Ha lOre OHa OXBaTblBaeT oa3MCbl 3Ilb-
Kycppa M TponMK PaKa M npOCTMpaeTCfI OT 35 AO
20- napaIlJleIlM M OT 11 AO 25-ro MepMAMaHa. Ha
ee TeppMTopMM HaxoAflTcfI TpM ropHblX xpe6Ta, Bbl-
com KOTOpblX HMrAe He npeBblwaeT 800-900 MeT-
pOB: TpMnOJlMTaHCKM .Q>Ke6eJlb, npoTflHYBWM CfI
OT nycTblHM AO <De,-\,-\aHa, 3Ilb-.Q>Ke6eJlb-3Jlb-AXAap
B KMpeHaMKe M .Q>Ke6eJlb-3Jlb-COAa 3a 3aJlMBOM
CMApa. KnMMaT nMBMM B OCHOBHOM cyxo . Ha npM-
6pe>KHO nOJloce eLl.\e BblnaAalOT KaKMe-TO ocaAKM,
HO B 06Ll.\e CJlO>KHOCTM OHM HMKorAa He npeBblwa-
lOT 200 MMJlIlMMeTpoB B roA. A BO BHYTpeHHMx pa o-
Hax KIlMMaT 3aCYWJlMBbl : TaM nopo BblnaAaeT
MeHee 20 MMJlJlMMeTpOB B roA! neTo OyeHb >KapKOe,
cpeAHflfI TeMnepaTypa Bblwe 25 rpaAycoB BO Bcex
yaCTfiX CTpaHbl. MecTaMM B TeH\.1 TeMnepaTypa AO-
XOAMT AO 35, a TO M 45 rpaAycoB. 3MMbi MfirKMe, co
cpeAHe TeMnepaTYpo OT 10 AO 15 rpaAycoB. npe-
06JlaAalOT BeTpbl ceBepHblx M IO>KHbIX HanpaBIle-
HM . neTHfifi >Kapa CHM>KaeTCfI ceBepHblM BeTpoM.
K)>KHbl BeTep, rM6JlM, AYIOLl.\M Kpymbl roA, npM-
HOCMT 3acyxy. 3a npeAeJlaMM nycTblHM, KOTopafl
nOKpblBaeT 60JlbWYlO yaCTb cTpaHbl M COBepweHHO
He B03AeJlbIBaeTCfI, B OCHOBHOM no 6eperoBo IlM-
HM\.1 pacnOJlO>KeHbl JleCMCTble 3apOCJlM, nopOCWMe
TaMapMCKOM, MO)t()f(eBeJlbHMKOM M KYCTaMM IleCHO
3eMIlflHMKM. OAHaKO B Tp\.1nOJlMTaHMM Bcero JlMWb
19 000 reKTapoB Jleca, a B KMpeHaMKe JleCOM nOK-
pblTO 385 000 reKTapoB. EAMHcTBeHHblMM AepeBb-
flMM, npoM3paCTalOLl.\MMM B oa3Mcax <De,-\,-\aHa, flB-
IlfilOTCfI cpMHMKoBble naIlbMbl. nMBMfI pa3AeJleHa Ha
ABa OCHOBHblX reorpacpMyeCKMX perMOHa: TpMno-
IlMTaHMfI Ha 3anaAe M KMpeHaMKa Ha BOCTOKe. Tpll1-
nOIlMTaHMfI (900 000 KBaApaTHbix KMIloMeTpoB)
npocTMpaeTcfI OT 3anaAHbiX 6eperoB 3aIlMBa CMApa
AO TYHMca. HM3MeHHocTb oTAeIlfilOT OT KaMeHMcTo
MIl\.1 neCYaHO nycTblHM XOJlMbl .Q)t(e6eJlb-3Jlb-CoAa.
B IOro-3anaAHO yaCTM 3TO npoBMH,-\MM MMelOTCfI
HeCKOJlbKO oa3MCOB B pa oHe <De,-\,-\aHa. 06pa6a-
TblBalOTCfI 3eMJlM TOJlbKO B oa3Mcax npM6pe>KHO
nOJlOCbl M B oTAeIlbHblx pa oHax n06JlM30CTM OT co-
IlflHblX 03ep. npM6pe>KHafi nOJloca 6blJla rycTO KO-
IlOHM3MpoBaHa MTaIlbflHCKMMM cpepMepaMM, KOTO-
pble c03AaIlM HeCKOIlbKO MHAycTpMaIlbHbix M pb160-
06pa6aTblBalOLl.\MX ,-\eHTpoB. B npeAABepMM BO Hbl
HaCeJleHMe TpMnOIlMTaHMM COCTaBIlflJlO 541 000 ye-
JlOBeK. TeppMTOpMfI 6blJla pa3AeIleHa Ha ABe npo-
BMH,-\MM (TpMnoIlM M MMcypaTa), ynpaBJlfleMble npe-
cpeKTaMM. EAII1HCTBeHHblM KpynHblM ropOAOM flB-
JlflJlCfI TpMnOJlM (HaceIleHMe 75 000 YeJlOBeK).
OCTaIlbHble HaCeJleHHbie nYHKTbl 6blJlM Bcero JlMWb
He60JlbWMMM ropoAKaMM (c 3anaAa Ha BOCTOK):
XOMC, 6blBwafi nemMc-MarHa, MMcypam, 6yepaT
M CMpT.
KMpeHaMKa (600 000 KBaApaTHbix KMJlOMeTpoB)
npocTMpaeTcfI Ha BOCTOK OT 3aIlll1Ba CMApa. OHa
OTAeIleHa OT TpMnOJlMTaHMM nOJlOCO nYCTblHM
CMpTMKa. MeCTHOCTb OT 3aJlMBa 60M6a AO rpaHM,-\bl
C ErMmoM Ha3blBaeTCfI MapMapMKa. OHa COCTOMT
M3 HeCKOJlbKMX YaCTe . Ha ceBepe M BOCTOKe CMp-
TMKM Jle>KMT M3BeCTHfiKOBoe nJlaTO, BblXOAflLl.\ee ce-
BepO-BOCTOYHbIM KOH,-\OM Ha MOpCKO 6eper. B
3TOM pa OHe Ha BOCTOK OT MapMapMKcKoro nJlaTO
BblnaAaeT AOCTaTO....Hoe KOJlMyeCTBO ocaAKOB, YTO
n03BOIlfieT BblpaLl.\MBaTb TaM 60JlbWOe KOJlM....eCTBO
pa3Ho06pa3HbiX OBOLl.\e . Ha lOre KMpeHaMKM Ha-
XOAflTCfI BnaAMHbl, pacnOJlO>KeHHble HM>Ke YPOBHfI
MOpfl, a 3a HMMM - 06WMpHafi nYCTblHfI. HaKaHYHe
BO Hbl KMpeHaMKa 6blIla pa3AeIleHa Ha ABe npo-
BMH,-\MM (6eHra3M M .QepHa) M ee HaCeJleHMe COCTaB-
JlflJlO npMMepHo 165 000 YeIlOBeK. 3a BpeMfi nepe-
MMpMfI B nepMoA TpMA,-\aTblx rOAoB 3TOT perMoH
npeBpaTMIlcfI B ,-\eHTp KOIlOHM3a,-\MM M BAOIlb AocTa-
TOYHO nIloAopoAHO M YBJla>KHeHHO 6eperoBo
nOIlOCbl B03HMKIlO 60JlbWOe KOIlMyeCTBO AepeBeHb.
OCHOBHblMM ropoAaMM 3Aecb (c 3anaAa Ha BOCTOK)
10
6bIIlM: 6eHra3M (HaCeJleHMe npMMepHo 31 000 ye-
IloBeK), ,QepHa (npMMepHo 12000 YeIlOBeK), T06-
PYK (npMMepHo 1700 yeJlOBeK) M 6apAMfi. Bo Bcex
3TMX Hace.neHHblX nYHKTax MMeJlMCb raBaHM. Ca-
Mble KpynHble nopTbl 6blfiM B 6eHra3M M T06pYKe.
B 6apAMM cTpOMTeJlbCTBO raBaHM 3aKOHYMJlOCb B
1936 roAY. OCTaJlbHble nOCeJleHMfI (c 3anaAa Ha
BOCTOK: 3Jlb-Are .na, AreAa6MfI, 6apc, KMpeHa M
A H-3Ilb-ra3aJla) 6blJlM HaMHoro MeHbwe.
Bce ropoAa BAOIlb nMBM cKoro n06epe>Kbfl Ha-
XOAMIlMCb Ha BMa 6aIlb60, 3TO TO....Ke onopbl AIlfi
Bce CTpaHbl. Bo BHYTpeHHMx 3eMJlflX MMeJlMCb AO-
porM, 60JlbWMHCTBO M3 KOTOpblX TflHYIlMCb C ceBepa
Ha lOr, HO AIlfi aBTOTpaHcnopTa OHM B OCHOBHOM
6blJlM He npMroAHbl.
HaKaHYHe BTOpO MMpOBO BO Hbl nMBMfI 06Jla-
AaJla onpeAeJleHHblM cTpaTerMyeCKMM MHTepecoM
AIlfi cTpaH OCM. L--1TaIlbflHCKMe KOJlOHMM B 3TOM pa o-
He flB.nflJlMCb Kpa He Ba>KHbIMM BoeHHblMM nIla,-\-
AapMaMM AIlfi 3aLl.\MTbl APyrMx MTaJlbflHCKMX KOIlO-
HM B AcppMKe (3pMTpefl, COMaJlM, A6MCCMHMfI).
reonOJlO>KeHMe nMBMM, rpaHMYaLl.\e C ErMnTOM M
CYAaHOM, AeIlaIlO ee cepbe3HbiM npenflTCTBMeM
AIlfi 6pMTaHcKoro BIlMflHMfI B CeBepHO AcppMKe...
TanbSlHCKoe HacTynneHMe
M 6pMTaHCKaSi KOHTpaTaKa
(ceHTs:l6pb 1940 rOAa - tI1eBpanb 1941 rOAa)
o
10 MIOHfI 1940 roAa B 16 yaCOB 30 MMHYT MTaIlbflH-
CKM MMHMCTp MHocTpaHHblx AeIl rpacp raJlea,-\,-\o
LJMaHo npMHflIl cppaH,-\Y3cKoro nOCIla B PM Me M CO-
06 MIl eMY, YTO «C 11 MIOHfllI1TaIlMfI CYMTaeT ce6f1
B COCTOflHMM BO Hbl C <DpaH,-\MeLi1». B 16 yaCOB 45
MMHYT nOA06Hoe 3aflBIleHMe 6blIl0 CAeIlaHO M aHr-
IlM CKOMY nocIlY. CIleAcTBMeM 3TMX ABYX 06bflBIle-
HM BO Hbl flBMIlOCb pa3BepTbiBaHMe BoeHHblX
Ae cTBM B CeBepHo M CeBepo-BoCTOYHO AcppM-
Ke. TaK KaK HeMe,-\KMe 6poHeTaHKoBbie AMBM3MM BO
<DpaH,-\MM 3aKOHYMIlM CBoe npOABM>KeHMe B ,-\eHTp
cTpaHbl, MTaIlbflHCKMe BoeHHo-B03AywHble CMIlbl
BBfl3aIlMCb B 3TO CTOIlKHOBeHMe M HaHeCIlM 60M60-
Bble YAapbl no nOpT-CYAaHY M AAeHY. 6pMTaH,-\bl
OTBeTMIlM B03AYWHbiM HaIleTOM Ha 3pMTpelO. Ha
rpaHM,-\e ErMma M nMBMM 0TPflA 7-Li16poHeTaHKoBoLi1
AMBM3MM cYMeIl 3aXBaTMTb rapHM30Hbi B MaAaIleHe
M Kany,-\,-\o. AHmMyaHe nOIlYYMIlM KOHTpOIlb HaA
Bce rpaHM,-\eLi1 C KMpeHaMKo , M wocce 6apAMfi -
T06PYK OKa3aIlOCb nOA yrp030 . B TYHMce, onaca-
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TO maBHoCi 3a,Qa....eCi CTaHOBII1TCfI He 3aBOeBaHII1e mppll1TOpMCi, a YHII1....TO>KeHlI1e nOTeHLjll1aJla npOTII1BHII1Ka.
3) T8K >Ke KaK 111 Ha Mope, npM Ae CTBII1f1X Ha 06WII1pHbiX npOCTpaHCTB8X Heo6xOAII1MO 60JlbWOe BHII1MaHlI1e
YAeIlflTb BonpocaM cHa6>KeHII1f1. 4eM 6blCTpee 111 AaIlbwe npOABII1r8eTCfI aTaKYIOLl.\8f1 rpynna, TeM 60JlbWe
paCTflrll1BalOTCfI IlIl1HII1I11 cHa6>KeHMfI. )J.1lfl peweHMH 3TO np06IleMbi IlOrll1....HO KaK MO>KHO CKopee 3aXBaTII1Tb
nopTbl, a3pOAPOMbi 111 II1CTO....HII1KII1 BOAbl HenOBpe>KAeHHbIMII1, ....T06bl cpa3Y >Ke Ha....aTb MX McnOIlb30B8HlI1e.
4) 3Ha....eHMe BoeHHo-B03AYWHbIX COeAII1HeHM npM 60eBblX Ae CTBII1f1X B nycTblHe OKa3aJlOCb HaMHoro
Bblwe, ....eM Ha eBpone cKoM TeaTpe BoeHHblX AeCicTBMCi. L-1x pOIlb 3aKIlIO....aeTCH B TOM, ....T06bl II1HcpOpMlI1pO-
BaTb maBHOKOMaHAYIOLlIero 0 nepeABII1>KeHII1I11 M npll1roToBIleHII1HX npOTII1BHII1Ka, pa3BeAaTb ero n03111Ljll1M 111
OCYLlIeCTBII1Tb II1X 60M68PAII1POBKY nepeA Ha....aJlOM HacTynIleHII1f1. Bo BpeMH 60eBbiX AeCicTBII1 OHM AOIl>KHbl
nOAAep>KMBaTb Ha3eMHbie CII1Jlbl nYIleMeTHblM orHeM B MeCTax H811160Ilee CII1IlbHOro COnpOTII1BIleHII1f1, YHII1....TO-
>KaTb 111 paCCell1B8Tb 6pOHeT8HKOBbie KOIlOHHbl. OHII1 >Ke AOIl>KHbl OpraHII130BaTb 6blCTpblCi nOAB03 nOAKpenIle-
HMfI 111 60enpll1nacoB.
5) nYCTblHH C ee OTcyTcTBlI1eM BOAbl, TeMnepaTypHblMII1 nepena,QaMII1, npll1 KOTOpblX AHeM CTOII1T 1I13HypH-
IOLLlafi >Kapa, a no Ho....aM >KeCTOKII1 XOIlOA, C ee neC....aHblMM 6YPHMII1 111 MHOrll1MM APyrMMM HenpMflTHblMII1
HeO>KMAaHHOCTflMII1 Tpe6yeT OT 60 LjOB OTllIl1....HO nCII1XOIlOrll1....eCKO nOAroToBKII1. "n06eAII1TeIleM, - nll1WeT
3. Kpll1r, - 6YAeT TOT, KTO CYMeeT c06paTb B KYIlaK CBOM CII1Ilbl 111 HanpaBMT BCIO CBOIO BOIlIO Ha TO, ....T06bl
n06eAII1Tb nYCTbIHIO»...
Bce 3TII1 ypOKII1 MOMeHTaJlbHO YCBOIl1Il POMMeIlb...
29
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(CIi1,1J,Ii1-6appaHIi1
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ElM Obun8 dcr ..Ccmpagnla AutocQrr...... ... ..
_- '!\ : = : I e:=: ::=:: I -
danltbtn cfer Komponlechef T. 'e (06et-rtVfn.o\.t) HDmd
- Ghd der MareCtalio Maggl«e (HauPlfUd ..8 . ..
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32
np 6bIT e repMaHCKOrO AclJp KaHcKOrO
Kopnyca nepBOe HacTynl1eH e POMMel1S1
eB anb - MtOHb 1941 rOAa
o
II1J-3a pa3rpOMa AeCflTO apMl-1l-11-1 BblXOAa 6p1-1TaH-
('KMX CI-1Il K Tpl-1nOIlI-1TaHCKO rpaHI-1,-\e MYCCOIlI-1HM
npOflBMIl 60IlbWYIO 03a60....eHHOcTb BonpocaMM CY-
IIleCTBOBaHI-1f1 Bce MTaIlbflHCKOIli KOIlOHMaIlbHO
MnepMM. 'O'y....e npeKpaCHO nOHMMaIl, ....TO 3a yxo-
110M M3 nl-1BMM nocIleAyeT YXOA M3 COMaIlI-1 M A6MC-
CMHMM. OnaCaflCb, ....TO TaKOe pa3BMTMe c06blTMili
1I0WaTHeT OCHOBY ero MorYLlIecTBa B II1TaIlMM, Myc-
COIlI-1HM pewMIl npMHflTb Il106ylO nOMoLllb, KaKYIO
liMY TOIlbKO CMO>KeT OKa3aTb TpeTM pe x. TaKafi
npocb6a ocpM,-\MaIlbHO np03By....aIla 1 q>eBpal1S1
1941 rOAa, 6blIla paccMoTpeHa HeMe,-\KMM BepxoB-
HblM KOMaHAOBaHl-1eM M nOIly....MIla oA06peHMe rMT-
lIepa 3 q>eBpal1S1. 5 q>eBpal1S1 rMTIlep nOCIlaIl Ayye
IlMCbMO: cplOpep BblCKa3aIl CBoe HeAOBOIlbCTBO
reM, KaK MTaIlbflHCKoe BepXOBHoe KOMaHAOBaHMe
IIpOBeIlO onepa,-\MIO B CeBepHolli AcppMKe, M 06e-
111011 BblCIlaTb TYAa HeMe,-\KMIli 3KCneAI-1,-\MoHHbl
Kopnyc npM yCIlOBMM, ....TO MTaIlbflH,-\bl YAep>KaTCfI Ha
3:1HMMaeMbIX MM n03M,-\MflX.
nepBble np 3HaK 60eBbiX Ae CTB
HeMe,-\KM reHepaIlbHbl wTa6 Y>Ke HeCKOIlbKO
MecfI,-\eB O>KMAaIl oTnpaBKM repMaHCKI-1X BO CK B
CeBepHYIO AcppMKY. Ellie 22 MIOI1S1 1940 rOAa re-
lIopaIl-cpeJlbAMapWaIl cpOH 6payxMY, KOMaHAYIO-
LLII-1 cyxonYTHblMM Bo cKaMM, npeAIlO>KMIl nIlaH
1I0APblBa BIlMflHMfI AHrJlMM B CpeAM3eMHoMopbe,
COCTOflLllM M3 nflTM nYHKToB. KpoMe Bcero npo....e-
ro, nIlaH npeAycMaTpMBaIl ompaBKY MOTOpI-13MpO-
DaHHblX CMIl B nl-1BMIO AIlfi nOAAep>KKM MTaIlbflH,-\eB,
aTaK Xa cpbl B naIlecTMHe M CY3,-\Koro KaHaIla B
Erl-1me. 31 MIOI1S1 1940 rOAa nOflBMIlCfI HOBbl pa-
nopT, B KOTOpOM roBOpMJlOCb, ....TO 3KCneAI-1,-\MoHHbl
Kopnyc MO>KeT 6blTb nOCIlaH B CeBepHYIO Acppl-1KY
1I0CIle ceHTfl6pfl 1941 rOAa M AOIl>KeH cOnpOBO>K-
llaTbCfI aTaKo Ha rM6pamap. CIleAYIOLlIM panopT
opraHM3a,-\MoHHoro oTAeIla BepxoBHoro rJlaBHOKO-
MaHAoBaHMfI cyxonYTHblx BO CK AarupoBaH 21 aB-
rycTa, B HeM YKa3aHO, ....TO 3KcneAM,-\1-10HHble CI-1Ilbl
MorYT 6blTb opraH 30BaHbl B Kopnyc, COCTOflLllM 1-13
Tpex AMBM3M (3- M 5- 6pOHeTaHKOBbiX 1-1 13- ne-
XOTHO MOTOpM3MpOBaHHO ). Ha COBeLllaHI-1I-1, CO-
CTOflBweMCfI 14 ceHTSl6pSl, 6YKBaIlbHo ....epe3 nflTb
AHe nOCIle Ha....aIla MTaIlbflHCKoro HacTynIleHMfI Ha
ErMneT, rMTIlep 06bflBMIl BoeHHoMY KOMaHAoBa-
HI-1IO, YTO OHI-1 AOIl>KHbl 6blTb rOTOBbl B Il1060 MO-
MeHT ompaBMTb MOTopM3MpoBaHHbilii Kopnyc B nM-
BMIO. K 3TOMY BpeMeHM MAefl 60Ilee aKTI-1BHblX
Ae cTBM B CpeAM3eMHoMopbe AIlfi OKOHyaTeIlbHO-
ro pa3rpoMa AHrJlMI-1 npM06peIla nOAAep>KKY cpeAM
MHorMX BblCWMX BoeHHblX ....MHOB repMaHMI-1, B TOM
YMCIle rpocc-aAMMpaIla PeAepa, KOMaHAylOLlIero
nOABoAHblM cpIlOTOM. Ha ABYX cOBeLllaHMflx, npoxo-
AMBWI-1X 6 M 26 ceHTSl6pSl PeAep nblTaIlCfI y6eAMTb
cplOpepa OTKa3aTbCfI OT HanaAeHMfI Ha CCCP M co-
cpeAOTOYMTb BHMMaHMe Ha CpeAM3eMHoMopbe, KO-
Topoe OH Ha3BaIl «cTep>KHeM» 6pMTaHcKo MMne-
pMM.
rMTIlep BCTpeTMIlcfI C MYCCOIlMHM 3 OKTSl6pSl
1940 rOAa. Ha 3TO BcTpe....e Ayye 3aBepMIl cplOpe-
pa, YTO onepa,-\MfI npoTMB ErMnTa B0306HOBMTCfI
caMoe n03AHee 12 1-1111-1 13 OKTfl6pR rMTIlep npeA-
IlO>KI-1Il nOCIlaTb TYAa B nOMoLllb MTaIlbflH M 6po-
HeTaHKoBYIO 6pMraAY M aBMa,-\MoHHbl Kopnyc. Ho
KaK Mbl Y>Ke 3HaeM, MYCCOIlMHI-1, CYMTafl, YTO ero
CMIl BnOIlHe AOCTaTO....HO AIlfi AOCTM>KeHMfI AeJlbTbl
HMJla, OTKIlOHMIl 3TO npeAIlO>KeHMe.
CI-1Tya,-\MfI OCTaBaIlaCb Hanpfl>KeHHO BeCb OK-
Tfl6pb. HecMoTpfl Ha Bce 3aBepeHMfI MYCCOIlMHM,
HacTynIleHMe Ha ErMneT 6blJlO OTIlO>KeHO. 3TO Bpe-
Mfl repMaHcKoe BepxoBHoe KOMaHAOBaHl-1e cyxo-
nYTHblMM Bo cKaMM C ycnexoM McnOIlb30BaIlO AIlfi
nOAroToBKM 3KcneAM,-\1-10HHbIX CMIl. K KOH,-\y MecfI,-\a
reHepaIlbHbl wTa6 pew MIl, ....TO rJlaBHble CMIlbl
MO>KHO ompaBIlflTb B AcppMKY C 1 AeKa6pR npM-
MepHo B 3TO >Ke BpeMfi AIlfi BblflCHeHMfI nOIlO>KeHMfI
B nl-1BMM M peaIlbHblx HY>KA MTaIlbflH,-\eB TYAa 6blIl
nOCIlaH BeAYLllM cne,-\MaIlMcT no 6poHeTaHKoBbiM
Bo cKaM reHepaIl-Ma op BMIlbreIlbM PMTTep cpOH
TOMa. B CBoeM 3aKIlIO....I-1TeIlbHOM panopTe, npeA-
CTaBJleHHOM rl-1TIlepy 24 OKTSl6pSl, cpOH TOMa nOA-
....epKI-1BaeT BepofiTHoCTb B03HMKHOBeHMfI TPYAHO-
cTe co cHa6>KeHMeM 3KcneAM,-\1-10HHbIX CMIl B nM-
BI-1M, 1-1 He TOIlbKO M3-3a CypOBblX YCIlOBM nYCTbIHM,
HO M M3-3a 6pMTaHCKoro KOHTpOIlfi HaA CpeAM3eM-
33
HblM MopeM. He MMefi Bepbl B MTaIlbflHcKYIO ap-
MMIO 11, OH peKOMeHAOBaIl ompaBMTb B AcppMKY
MMHMMYM YeTblpe 6pOHeTaHKOBbie AMBM3MM M op-
raHM30BaTb HacTynIleHMe B pa OH AOJlMHbl HMIla
TOJlbKO HeMe,-\KMMM CMIlaMM. KorAa rMTIlep 3aMe-
TMIl, YTO Y Hero B HaIlMYMM eCTb TOIlbKO OAHa 6po-
HeTaHKOBafi AMBM3MfI, cpOH TOMa OTBeTMJl, YTO B
TaKOM cIlyyae OH 6bl He COBeTOBaIl nOCblIlaTb TYAa
HM OAHoro COIlAaTa. YCIlblwaB TaKoe 3aflBIleHMe,
rMTIlep BnaIl B flPOCTb 12 .
28 OKTSl6pSlI-1TaIlbflH,-\bl M3 A116aHI-1M BTopmMcb
Ha Teppl-1TOpMIO COI03HM,-\bl AHmMM rpe,-\MM, Aa>Ke
He nOCTaBMB 06 3TOM B 1-13BeCTHOCTb rl-1TJlepa.
PaCCep>KeHHbl Ha nOA06HYIO MHM,-\MaTMBY, rMT-
Ilep 4 HOSl6pSl npl-1Ka3aIl OTCpOYMTb ompaBKY 3KC-
neAM,-\MoHHoro Kopnyca B nMBl-11O M OrpaHMYMTb no-
MOLl.\b II1TaIlMM B 06IlacTI-1 BoeHHo-B03AYWHbIX CI-1Il.
9 HOSl6pSl repMaHcKM BoeHHbl aTTawe B PMMe
reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHT cpOH PMHTeIleH nOIlYYMIl MHC-
TPYK,-\MIO npoMHcpopMMpoBaTb MYCCOJlMHI-1, YTO
pe x OKa>KeT apMMM B ErMme nOAAep>KKY C B03AY-
xa npl-1 yCIlOBMM B0306HOBIleHI-1f1 MTaIlbflH,-\aMI-1 BO-
eHHblX Ae cTBI-1 M 3aXBaTa Ba>KHoro cTpaTerl-1ye-
CKOro nYHKTa Mepca-MaTPYx.
14 HOSl6pSl rMTIlep nOJlYYMJl OYepeAHO panopT
aAMMpaIla PeAepa 0 TOM, YTO AO HayaIla KaKI-1X-JlM-
60 Ae cTBM npoTMB COBeTcKoro COlO3a He06xo-
AMMO pa3 1-1 HaBcerAa BblTeCHI-1Tb aHmMyaH 1-13 Cpe-
AI-13eMHOro MOpR B COOTBeTCTBMM C 3TMM panop-
TOM rMTIlep npMKa3aIl IllOcpTBacpcpe aTaKOBaTb
6pMTaHCKM cpIlOT M 6pMTaHCKMe BoeHHO-MopCKMe
M BoeHHO-B03AywHble 6a3bl Ha BOCTOYHOM n06e-
pe>Kbe CpeAM3eMHoro MOpfl, a apMMM 6blTb rOTO-
BO K ompaBKe OAHO AMBM31-1M B nMBMIO.
YcneWHafi KOHTpaTaKa Ye BeJlJla B AeKa6pe
1940 rOAa nOAcTerHYIla pa3BI-1TMe C06bITM . B KOH-
,-\e AeKa6pfl X B03AYWHbl Kopnyc (KoMaHAYIOLl.\M
reHepaIl aBMa,-\MM raHc ra ccIlep) nOIlYYMIl npl-1Ka3
nepe6a3MpoBaTbcfI M3 HopBerMI-1 Ha CM,-\I-1IlMIO, rAe
AOJl>KeH 6blIl HaHeCTM 60M60Bbl YAap no MaIlbTe
M oxpaHflTb nYTI-1 KOMMYHMKa,-\MM Me>K):\Y CI-1,-\MIlMe
M nMBMe . 9 S1HBapSi 1941 rOAa nOCIle HayaIla
YXYAweHMfI cMTya,-\MM B nMBMM rMTIlep CTaIl Bce
60Ilbwe CKIlOHflTbCfI K BMewaTeIlbcTBY B XOA C06bl-
TM . Ha 3TOM 3Tane cplOpep paCCYMTblBaIl nOCJlaTb
TYAa OrpaHMYeHHbl KOHTI-1HreHT npoTMBoTaHKoBblX
M canepHblx nOApa3AeIleHM (BooPY>KeHHbIX 60Ilb-
WMM KOIlMyeCTBOM MMH) M HeCKOIlbKO cOBpeMeH-
HblX TaHKOB, YT06bl OCTaHOBMTb 6pl-1TaHCKOe Ha-
cTynJleHMe. BCKope nOCIle naAeHMfI T06PYKa, 22
S1HBapSl1941 rOAa, reHepaIl-Ma op cpOH <DYHK no-
IlYYMIl npMKa3 HayaIlbHMKa wTa6a BepxoBHoro maB-
HOKoMaHAoBaHMfI cyxonYTHblx BO CK reHepaIl-noIl-
KOBHMKa raIlbAepa BblexaTb B nMBMIO AIlfi BblflCHe-
HMfI CIlO>KMBWerOCfI TaM nOJlO>KeHMR OTTYAa cpOH
<DYHK npMCIlaIl TpeBO>KHOe C006Ll.\eHMe C Tpe60Ba-
HMeM HeMeAIleHHO BblCblIlKM nOMOLl.\M. BepXOBHoe
maBHOKOMaHAOBaHMe cyxonYTHblMM BollicKaMM
nOAroToBMIlO K ompaBKe B AcppMKY 5-10 IlerKYIO ne-
XOTHYIO AMBM3MIO nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIl-
Malliopa WTpa xa. Tenepb TOIlbKO OCTaBaIlOCb no-
IlYYMTb OT MYCCOIlMHM 3aBepeHMfI, YTO OH rOTOB
B0306HOBMTb BoeHHble Ae cTBMR TaKMe 3aBepe-
HMfI 6blIll-1 nOIlyyeHbl1 q>eBpal1S11941 rOAa...
6 q>eBpal1S1 rMTIlep Bbl3BaIl K ce6e reHepaIl-
Ile TeHaHTa 3pBMHa POMMeIlfl, TorAa oAHoro M3
KOMaHAMpoB 7- 6poHeTaHKoBo AI-1BM3MM, AMCIlO-
,-\MpoBaHHolli Ha TOT MOMeHT BO <DpaH'-\MM, M Ha3Ha-
YMIl ero KOMaHAMpOM 3KcneAM,-\MOHHbIX CMIl B Ce-
BepHO AcppMKe (repMaHCKMM AcppMKaHCKMM KOp-
nYCOM 3TM CMJlbl CTaIlM Ha3blBaTbCfI C 19 cpeBpaIlfl),
npMCBOI-1B eMY 3BaHMe maBHoKoMaHAYIOLl.\ero rep-
MaHCKMMM CMIlaMM B nMBMM. ComaCHO HeMe,-\KOMY
nJlaHY, repMaHCKM AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc BKIlIO-
yaIl B ce6f1 ABe AMBM3MM: 5-10 IlerKYIO nexoTHYIO
AMBM3MIO, KOTopafl AOIl>KHa 6blIla npM6blTb B nMBMIO
B cepeAMHe anpeIlfl, M 15-10 6poHeTaHKoBYIO, ee
npM6blTMe O>KMAaIlOCb B KOH,-\e MaR He cIleAyeT
3a6blBaTb, YTO rMTIlep Y>Ke xopowo 3HaIl POMMeJlfl
M C 60IlbWMM MHTepecoM npOYMTaIl ero KHMry
«Infanterie greift an» (ccnexoTa HaCTYnaeT»). M3AaH-
HYIO B 1937 rOAY. CeMb MecfI,-\eB (c aBrycTa 1939
rOAa no cpeBpaIlb 1940 rOAa) POMMeIlb flBIlflIlCfI
KOMeHAaHToM nOIleBo wTa6-KBapTMpbl rMTIlepa.
B HarpaAY, TaK KaK rMTIlepy OH OyeHb nOHpaBMIlcfI,
POMMeIlb 6blIl Ha3HayeH KOMaHAMpoM 7 - 6pOHe-
TaHKoBo AMBM3I-1M. 3a BpeMfi npe6blBaHI-1f1 Ha 3TOM
nocTY POMMeIlb nOKa3aIl ce6f1 BbIAalOLl.\MMCfI TaK-
TMKOM, 06IlaAalOLl.\MM YYAecHblM AapoM ynpaBJle-
HMfI TaHKOBblMM M MOTOpM3MpoBaHHblMM coeAMHe-
HMflMM. Bo BpeMfi CBoero nYTM Ha Wep6yp AMBM31-1f1
nOJlYYI-1Jla np03BMLl.\e ccnpM3paYHafi AMBM3MfI», Ha
CBoeM nYTM OHa 3aXBaTMIla nOYTM 100 000 nIleH-
HblX, B TOM YMCIle 10 ocpl-1,-\epoB, M 3aXBaTMIla MIlM
YHMYTO>KMJla OKOIlO 500 TaHKOB. Anfl POMMeIlfl, KO-
TOpbl K 3TOMY BpeMeHM CTaIl reHepaIl-Jle TeHaH-
TOM (flHBapb 1941 roAa), TaKoe Ha3HayeHMe OKa3a-
JlOCb HeYaflHHO YAaYe . .o.OKTOP, He3aAoIlro AO
3Toro IleYMBWM POMMeIlfi BO <DpaH,-\MM, CIlOBHO
npopoK, npeAnMcaIl eMY cyxo 1-1 TenIlbl KIlMMaT,
TaKo , KaK, HanpMMep, B CeBepHO Acppl-1Ke! 7 q>eB-
pal151 POMMeJlb C IOMOpOM nMcaIl >KeHe: ccnpOWIlO
HOYblO cnaIl Y>Ke Ha HOBO pa60Te. 3TO HayaIlO
34
Kypca IleyeHMfI MOerO peBMaTM3Ma». rMTIlep CKa-
3aIl OAHOMY MTaIlbflHCKOMY AMnIlOMaTY: «51 Bbl6pan
POMMeIlfi nOTOMY, YTO OH, KaK M .o.I-1TIl B HapBMKe,
YMeeT BAOXHOBJlflTb BO CKa. 3TO npOCTO He06xo-
HMMO KOMaHAMpy, YbM BO CKa 6YAYT Cpa>KaTbCfI B
raKOM >KaCHOM KIlMMaTe, KaK B ApKTMKe MJlM Acp-
pMKe» 1 .
POMMeIlb B COnpOBO>K):\eHMI-1 nOIlKOBHI-1Ka WMYHA-
ra, aAblOTaHTa cplOpepa HOMep OAMH, npMIleTeJl B
PMM 11 cpeBpaJlfl. nOcIle BCTpeYM C MYCCOIlI-1HM,
reHepaIloM rY,-\,-\OHM, nOMOLl.\HMKOM BoeHHoro MI-1-
IIMcTpa M npeAcTaBMTeIleM reHepaIlbHoro wTa6a M
reHepaIloM PoaTTa, HayaIlbHMKOM reHepaJlbHOrO
wTa6a, POMMeJlb BblIleTeIl B KaTaHMIO Ha CM,-\MIlMM.
TaM OH npOBeJl CBO nepBbl1ii BoeHHbl COBeT C KO-
MaHAOBaHMeM X BoeHHO-B03AYWHoro Kopnyca M
npMKa3an MM He3aMeAIlMTeJlbHO 6e3 AaIlbHe WMX
npOBOIlOyeK HaHeCTM 60M60Bbie YAapbl no 6eHra3M
M 6pMTaHCKMM KOJlOHHaM, Ae CTBYIOLl.\MM Ha IOro-
3anaAe OT ropoAa. BMeCTe co WMYHATOM M CBOMM
HayaIlbHMKOM wTa6a nOJlKOBHMKOM cpOH AeM 60p-
He OH BblJleTeJl B TpMnoIlM 12 q>eBpal1S1. POMMeIlb
npMKa3aJl npoBecTM CMOTp CBOMX coeAMHeHM ,
AMCIlo,-\MpoBaHHblx B pa oHe TpMnOJlM, a 3aTeM OT-
I1paBMIl MX 3aHMMaTb 060poHMTeIlbHbie n03M,-\MM Ha
cpPoHTe. He Tepflfl BpeMeHM, POMMeJlb npeAcTa-
RI-1IlCfI cBoeMY HenocpeAcTBeHHoMY HayaIlbHMKY
reHepaIlY rapM6anbAM. Bo BpeMfi 3TO BCTpeYM KO-
MaHAYIOLl.\M repMaHcKMM AcppMKaHcKMM KopnycoM
OblCKa3aIl CBOIO TOYKY 3peHMfI Ha CIlO>KMBWYIOCfI
cMTya,-\l-1lO: He06xoAMMO YAep>KI-1BaTb JlI-1HMIO CPPOH-
ra Y CMpTa, YT06bl npeAocTaBMTb cB060AY Ae cT-
UMfi nOApa3AeIleHMflM IllOcpTBacpcpe. 3aTeM, TaK >Ke
B conpOBO>KAeHMM nOJlKOBHMKa WMYHATa, OH CAe-
IlaIl CBO nepBbl pa3BeAblBaTeIlbHbl BblIleT Ha
60M6apAl-1pOBLl.\MKe «XeHKeIlb». «Mbl IleTeIlM HaA
IleCKaMM, - nl-1CaIl POMMeIlb B CBOMX MeMyapax, -
npo KOTopble Y>Ke no BHewHeMY BMAY MO>KHO 6blIlO
CKa3aTb, YTO OHM TPYAHbl KaK AIlfi KOIleCHbIX, TaK M
HIlfi ryceHMYHblX MaWMH. 1I13TO C03AaBaJlO XOpOWM
f!CTeCTBeHHbl 6apbep nepeA TpMnOIlM. nOJleT npo-
AOIl>KaJlCfI HaA XOIlMMCTO MeCTHOCTblO, paCKMHYB-
lUe CfI Me>KAY TapXYHOM M XOMCOM, KOTopafl, Ha-
CKOIlbKO MOr OKMHYTb Haw ma3, TO>Ke He nOAXOAM-
Ila AIlfi AellicTBMfI MOTOpM3MpOBaHHbiX coeAMHeHM .
3aTO nIlOCKafi paBHMHa Me>KAY XOMCOM M MMcypa-
ro Ka3aJlaCb MAeaJlbHO AIlfi 3TMX ,-\eIle . BMa
GaIlb60 TflHYJlaCb YepHO HMTblO no COBepweHHO
rOIlO nYCTblHe, HeIlb3f1 6blJlO pa3mflAeTb HM Ae-
peB,-\a, HM KycTMKa. Mbl npOJleTeJlM HaA 6yepaToM,
MaIleHbKMM cpOpTOM nocpeAM nYCTblHl-1, pflAOM C
KOTOpblM CTOflIlO HeCKOJlbKO XM>KMH M npOTflHYJlaCb
B3IleTHafi nOJloca. HaKoHe,-\, Mbl CAeIlaIlM HeCKOIlb-
KO KpyroB HaA CMpTOM M OCMOTpeIlM n03M,-\MM MTa-
JlbflHCKMX BO CK K BOCTOKY M IOrO-BOCTOKY OT 3TO
AepeBHI-1. Me>KAY CMpTO M 6yepaToM, KpOMe Co-
IlOHYaKOB, npOCTl-1paBWMX Bcero Ha HeCKOJlbKO
MMIlb Ha lOre, Ile>KaIlO OAHo06pa3Hoe npOCTpaH-
CTBO 6e3 HM3MH M B03BblweHHOCTe » 14.
BepHYBWMCb B TpMnOJlM, POMMeIlb AOIlO>KMJl 0
pe3YJlbTaTaX CBoero pa3BeAbiBaTeIlbHoro nOJleTa
rapM6aIlbAM M nOCIlaIl B 6epIlMH CIleAYIOLl.\ee co06-
Ll.\eHMe: «nepBble neperOBopbl C reHepaIlaMM rapM-
6aIlbAM M PoaTTa npOWIlM ycneWHO. npOBOAMM B
>KM3Hb HaWM nJlaHbl. nepeAOBble 60eBbie nOApa3-
AeIleHMfI B CMpTe. nMYHO BblIleTaIl TYAa AIlfi pa3-
BeAKM» .
14 q>eBpal1S1 npM6blIlM nepeAoBble nOApa3Ae-
IleHMfl5-11i IlerKo nexoTHo AMBM3MM [noApa3AeIle-
HMe pa3BeAKM - 3- 6aTaIlboH (MOTOpM3MpoBaH-
Hbl ) M npoTMBoTaHKoBoe nOApa3AeIleHMe - 39-
6aTaIlboH (MOTOpM3MpoBaHHbl )], BMeCTe C HMMM B
T pMnoIlM npM6blJlO 6000 TOHH rpY3a.
17 q>eBpal1S1 nepeAoBo pa3BeAoTpflA 5- Iler-
KO nexoTHo AI-1BM31-1M COBMeCTHO C 6poHeTaHKo-
BblM coeAMHeHMeM 1-13 «CaHTa MapMM» nonblTaIlCfI
BO TM B KOHTaKT C 6pMTaHCKMMM BO CKaMM, HO 6e3-
pe3YIlbTaTHO. C 11 cpeBpaIlfl, M3MOTaHHbie nOCTO-
flHHblMM HaIleTaMM X B03AywHoro Kopnyca, 6PM-
TaH,-\bl OCTaHOBMJlM CBoe HacTynJleHMe. YcnewHafi
60M6apAI-1pOBKa nopTa B 6eHra3M, npoBeAeHHafi B
HOYb C 11 Ha 12 cpeBpaIlfl, 3aCTaBMJla 6pMTaHcKoe
KOMaHAoBaHMe Ae cTBoBaTb OCTOpO>KHee. Anfl re-
HepaJla rapM6anbAM 3TO 6blIla CyaCTIlMBafi B03MO>K-
HOCTb oTAaTb npMKa3 3aXBaTMTb BOAHble MCTOYHMKM
B 3H-HycpMJlMM K BOCTOKY OT CMpTa M COOPYAMTb
060poHMTeIlbHYIO IlMHMIO B pa oHe CMpTa (3TO 6bl-
JlO nopyyeHO AMBM3MflM «6peWMfI» M «naBMfI»).
nOKa KOHBOM npOAOJl>KaJlM npMB03MTb repMaH-
CKMe nOApa3AeIleHMfI M 60enpMnacbl, POMMeIlb He
CMAeIl CIlO>Ka PYKM. 4 MapTa nepeAoBble OTpflAbl
5- JlerKO nexoTHo AMBM3MM 6e3 60fl 3aHflIlM no-
3M,-\MIO OKOIlO MeCTeYKa Mynaa (800 KI-1JlOMeTpOB
BOCTOYHee TpMnoIlM). 3Ta cTpaTerMyeCKafi TOYKa
Ha nepewelliKe, ceBepHbl Kpa KOToporo OMblBaIlO
Mope, a C IOra Ha 30 KMIloMeTpoB AO BMa 6aIlb60
npocTMpaIlocb HenpoxoAMMoe AIlfi TpaHCnOpTa co-
IlOHyaKOBOe 03epo, OKa3aIlaCb npeKpacHo 6a30
AIlfi A8IlbHe wMx Ae cTBM . nOcIle TaKo JlerKO
n06eAbi POMMeJlb, KaK M MHorMe 3aBoeBaTeIlM,
npeAancfI MeYTaHMflM. B nMCbMe B 6epJlMH, yepHO-
BMK KOToporo coxpaHMIlcfI, OH XBaCTJlMBO 06bflBIlfl-
eT: «Moe nepBo 3aAaYe 6YAeT 3aBoeBaHMe KM-
35
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37
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38
pOHaMKM, a BTOpO - 3aXBaT ceBepHoro ErMma M
CY3,-\KOro KaHaIla».
155 TaHKOB 5-ro TaHKOBoro nOIlKa 5- JlerKO
nexoTHo AMBM3MM (KoMaHAMp nOIlKOBHI-1K OIlb-
OpMX) (25 TaHKOB I, 45 TaHKOB II M 61 TaHK III, BO-
0PY>KeHHbIX B OCHOBHOM 50-MMJlIlMMeTpoBbIMM oPY-
HMflMM KwK U42, 17 TaHKOB IV M 7 KOMaHAHblx TaH-
KOB) npM6blIlM M3 HeanoIlfi B TpMnOIlM Me>KAY 8 1-1
10 MapTa. K 11 MapTa BCfI 5-fI IlerKafi neXOTHafi
I\I-1BM3MfI Y>Ke Bbrrpy3MJlaCb Ha 6eper. Ha cIleAYIO-
I,-\M AeHb POMMeJlb opraHM30BaIl B TpMnOJlM 60Ilb-
IUO napaA. LJT06bl 06MaHYTb Bpara, OH 3aCTaBMJl
1 dHKM 5-ro nOJlKa HeCKOIlbKO pa3 06bexaTb BeCb
roPOA 1-1 TOIlbKO nOCIle 3Toro ABMHYTbCfI Ha cppOHT.
06epCTIle TeHaHT WMMAT, CJlY>KMBWM B rpynne
POMMeJlfl, BcnOMMHaIl: «nOOAMHOYKe C paBHblMM
MHTepBaIlaMM TaHKM C WYMOM npOXOAMIlM no YIlM-
IIaM. Ha 6YIlbl>KHbIX MOCTOBblX OHM C03AaBaIlM
Y>KaCHbl rpOXOT. npO AfI MMMO TPM6YHbl, KOIlOHHa
BCKope CO CKpe>KeTOM 1-1 TpeCKOM CBOpaYI-1BaIla B
OOKOBYIO YIlOYKY. s:I HayaIl YAI-1BIlflTbCfI orpOMHOMY
KOIlMyeCTBY npOXOAflLl.\MX MMMO MeHfI TaHKOB M CO-
>KaIleTb, YTO He AOraAaIlCfI COCYMTaTb MX C caMoro
Ha....aIla. LJepe3 YeTBepTb yaca fI 3aMeTMIl AecpeKT
B ryceHM,-\e OAHoro M3 TfI>KeJlbiX TaHKOB «MapK IV»,
KOTOpbl MHe nOKa3aIlCfI 3HaKOMblM, XOTfi paHbwe
S1 3TI-1X TaHKOB He BMAeJl. 111 BOT TYT-TO M BblnaIla
MOHeTa, KaK rOBopfiT aHmMyaHe, M fI He CMor YAep-
>KaTbCfI OT YJlbI6KM. TaHKM WIlM M WJlM CO CKpe>Ke-
TOM M rpOXOTOM. Ha MOCTOBOV! CTaJlM nOflBJlflTbCfI
cepbe3Hbie nOBpe>KAeHMfI, Bbl3BaHHble TaHKOBblMM
I yceHM MI-1. II1TaIlbflH,-\bl CMOTpellM Ha Bce 3TO pac-
Wl-1peHHblMI-1 ma3aMI-1, nOTepfiB OT YAMBIleHMfI Aap
peYM» 15.
14 MapTa POMMeIlb nepeHec CBO KOMaHAHbl1ii
nYHKT B CMpT. 3aTeM 15 MapTa OH npMKa3aJ1 06b-
OAI-1HeHHO repMaHO-MTaJlbflHCKO 60eBo rpynne
IIOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM nOJlKOBHMKa rpacpa cpOH
WBepMHa npoBecTM pa3BeAblBaTeIlbHbl pe A B
IO>KHOM HanpaBIleHMM B CTOPOHY MeCTeYKa MYP3YX.
..II1TaJlbflHCKOe BepxoBHoe KOMaHAoBaHMe, - nM-
call POMMeJlb, - nonpOCMllO Hac BblnOIlHMTb 3TY
onepa,-\MIO, TaK KaK B IO>KHO nMBMM HayaIlM aKTM-
BM3MpOBaTbCfI BO CKa reHepaJla Ae rOJlIlfl 16 . Mbl
>Ke 6blllM 3aMHTepeCOBaHbi B npl-106peTeHI-1M onblTa
Mapw-6poCKOB B YCIlOBMflX nYCTblHM M npOBepKe
Ilpl-1roAHOCTM Hawero BOOPY>KeHMfI B yCIlOBI-1f1X Acp-
pMKM» 17.
19 MapTa POMMeIlb npM6blJl B cTaBKY rMTIlepa
I\Ilfi nOJlyyeHMfI 3a ycnewHble Ae cTBMfI BO <DpaH-
,-\MM Ay60BbiX IlMCTbeB K >KeJle3HoMY Pbl,-\apcKoMY
KpecTY. Ho KorAa OH npeAllO>KMIl CBO nIlaH HacTY-
naTeJlbHO onepa,-\MM HeMe,-\KoMY BepxoBHoMY KO-
MaHAOBaHMIO, TO nOABeprCfI >KeCTOKO KpMTMKe,
npM 3TOM POMMeJlIO HanOMHMIlM, YTO nepeA HMM
nOCTaBIleHa 3aAaya YAep>KaTb IlMHMIO 060pOHbi B
TpMnOJlI-1TaHMM M nOArOTOBMTb yCIlOBMfI AIlfi orpa-
HMyeHHOrO HacTynIleHMfI. BepHYBWMCb B AcpPMKY,
POMMeJlb peWMIl npeBblCMTb CBOM nOIlHOMOYMfI.
HacTynIleHMe 5- IlerKO neXOTHO AMBI-13MM Ha
3Jlb-Are Jly18, npoBeAeHHoe 24 MapTa, M MHCPOp-
Ma,-\MfI, YTO 6pMTaH,-\bl OKanblBalOTCfI Ha n03M,-\MM B
pa oHe Mepca-3Ilb-6perM 19, TOJlbKO YKpenMlll-1
POMMeJlfl B ero peweHMM. KOMaHAMp repMaHCKoro
AcppMKaHCKoro Kopnyca peWMIl He >KAaTb npM6bl-
TMfI 15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM, Ha3HayeHHoro
Ha 15 Mafl, M HayaTb HacTynIleHMe.
POMMenb HacTynaeT
(31 MapTa -15 anpenSl1941 rOAa)
31 MapTa POMMeIlb npMKa3aJl reHepaIl-Ma opy
WTpa xy aTaKOBaTb MepCa-3Jlb-6pery. 6blJla ccpop-
MMpoBaHa KOIlOHHa TaHKOB, 88-MMIlIlMMeTpoBbIX
OPYAM M caMoxoAHO apTMJlJlepMM. Co CTOpOHbl
MOpfi KOIlOHHY npMKpblBaJlO npoTMBoTaHKoBoe nOA-
pa3AeIleHMe, a co CTOpOHbl nycTblHM - nOApa3Ae-
JleHl-1e cpMKTMBHblX TaHKoB, cAeIlaHHblx no npMKa3Y
POMMeIlfi Ha 6a3e MTaIlbflHCKMX MaWMH, YT06bl
BBeCTM 6pMTaH,-\eB B 3a6JlY>KAeHMe B OTHoweHMM
KOJlMyeCTBa HeMe,-\KMx BO CK. B nOJlYAeHHo >Kape
(40 rpaAycoB no LleIlbcMIO) BollicKa nOAowIlM K
Mepca-3Ilb-6pere. 88-MMJlIlMMeTpoBble 0PYAMfi TyT
>Ke HayaJlI-1 06CTpeJl, a 3a HMMM noclleAoBaIl HaIleT
nMKMPylOLl.\MX 60M6apAMpOBLl.\MKOB «WTYKa». 3a-
TeM nOWlla B aTaKY neXOTa. 6pMTaH,-\bl 6blJlM 3a-
CTMrHYTbl BpaCnJlOx M nocneWHO oTCTynMIlM. K HOYM
ropoA 6blIl B3f1T. 6e3 comaCOBaHMfI C POMMeJleM,
KOTOpbl BnOCJleACTBMM OA06pMIl 3TO peweHMe 20 ,
WTpa x pew MIl pa3BMTb HacTynIleHl-1e AaJlbWe B
HanpaBIleHMM Ha AreAa6MIO, AepeBHIO, HaCYMTbIBa-
IOLl.\YIO 600 >KMTeIle , KOTopble K 3TOMY BpeMeHM
AaBHO 6blIlM 3BaKYl-1poBaHbl. nepeAoBble OTpflAbl
5- IlerKo nexoTHo AMBM3MM, Bce eLl.\e cOnpOBO>K-
AaeMble oTpflAaMM "CaHTa MapMw>, OKa3aIlMCb B
20 KMIloMeTpax OT noceIleHMfI. .o.opora Ha AreAa-
6MIO 6blIla yceflHa KacKaMM, naTpoHTawaMM M npo-
YMM 06MYHAMpoBaHMeM, YTO rOBOpMJlO 0 CIlMWKOM
nocneWHOM oTxoAe 6pMTaH,-\eB M3 3TOro pa oHa.
2 anpel151 pa3BeAbiBaTeJlbHbie MaWMHbl 3-11i pa3-
39
BeAPOTbl (nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM 06epCT1le TeHaHTa
cpOH BeXMapa) npM nOAAep>KKe CanepOB 39-ro 6a-
TaJlbOHa M neXOTbl M3 nYIleMeTHoro 8-ro 6aTaIlbOHa
(nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM 06epCT1le TeHaHTa nOHaTa)
BblWIlM K AreAa6MM. TeM BpeMeHeM TaHKM YHMYTO-
>KI-1IlM 6pl-1TaHCKOe cpIlaHroBoe npMKpblTMe co CTO-
pOHbl nYCTblHM, a 88-MMIlIlMMeTpOBble OPYAMfi npo-
BeJlM 06CTpeIl ropoAa. K nOIlYAHIO AreAa6MfI naJla.
HeM,-\bl B3f1JlM B nIleH orpOMHoe KOIlMyeCTBO COIlAaT
HenpMffieJlfl M 3aXBaTM1lM MHoro TpocpeeB (OpY>KMfI,
rpY30BMKOB, 60enpMnaCOB M npOAOBOIlbCTBMfI). Co-
maCHO MHCTPYK,-\MflM POMMeJlfl, 06epCT1le TeHaHT
cpOH BeXMap nOIlYYMIl npMKa3 npeCIleAOBaTb He-
npMflTeJlfl. npO AfI OK01l0 TpMA,-\aTM KMJlOMeTpOB,
TOT panopTOBaIl, YTO B 3TOT AeHb TaK M He CMor
BCTynMTb B KOHTaKT C npOTMBHMKOM. B3f1TMe AreAa-
61-1M CTaIlO AIlfi POMMeIlfi 60IlbWMM ycneXOM. 3a
HeCKOIlbKO AHe nOYTM 6e3 nOTepb KOMaHAMp fep-
MaHCKoro AcppMKaHCKoro Kopnyca BblnOIlHMIl 38A8-
yy, KOTOPYIO AOIl>KeH 6blIl BblnOJlHMTb K KOH,-\Y Mafl!
TpMnOIlMTaHCKafi rpaHM,-\a 6blIla npO AeHa, M yrpo-
3a AIlfi TpMnOIlM, Ile>KaLl.\ero B 1000 KMJlOMeTpax K
3anaAY, IlMKBMAMpOBaHa. BOAHble I-1CTOYHMKM B Are-
Aa6MM CAeJlaIlM ee HOBO 6a30 nOAAep>KKM onepa-
,-\M B KMpeHaMKe. 6pMTaH,-\bl, 3aCTMrHYTbie Bpac-
nIl OX HeO>KI-1AaHHO aTaKO , HaXOAMIlMCb B n01lHO
pacrepflHHoCTM 1-1 oTcTynaIlM no BceMY cppOHTY.
POMMeIlb ompaBMIl C006Ll.\eHMe fapM6aIlbAM 0
CBOeM HaMepeHMM npeCIleAOBaTb npOTMBHI-1Ka M
AaIlbwe, HO nOJlYYI-1Il CTporoe BeTO. cc3TO nO AeT B
pa3pe3 C MOMMM MHCTPYK,-\MflMM. Bbl AOIl>KHbl no-
AO>KAaTb, npe>I<Ae ....eM HacTynaTb AaIlbwe». OAHa-
KO, YBepeHHbl B TOM, YTO npM 6blCTpOM npOABM>Ke-
HMM OH CMO>KeT M3rHaTb 6pMTaH,-\eB M3 KMpeHaMKM,
KOMaHAMp repMaHCKoro AcppMKaHCKoro Kopnyca
npOMrHopMpOBaIl npMKa3 CBOerO HenocpeACTBeH-
HOrO HayaIlbCTBa. 3 anpel151 60 ,-\bl 06epCT1le Te-
HaHTa cpOH BexMapa BblWIlM K 3C-COIlIlYMy21. Te-
nepb orpoMHble npocTpaHcTBa nycTblHl-1, nOKpbITO
cyxo TpaBolli, CMeHMIlMCb OJlI-1BKOBblMM p0Ll.\aMI-1 M
nOIlflMM C KOIloA,-\aMM. B TOT Beyep cpOH BeXMap
BblweIl K a3pOAPOMY B 6eHra31-1, TaK M He BCTynMB
B KOHTaKT C npOTMBHMKOM. HaA nopTOM, M3 KOTOpO-
ro 3BaKYMpOBaIlMCb 6pMTaHCKMe BO CKa, BI-1CeIlO
orpOMHoe 06IlaKO Ab1Ma 22 . 6pMTaH,-\bl cneWMIlM
nOA>KeYb CKIlaAbl C TOnJlMBOM M aMYHM,-\Me . KorAa
HeM,-\bl OKOIlO 10 ....aCOB Beyepa BepHYIlMcb K ropo-
AY, 6eHra3M 6blIl B pYI-1Hax. 60IlbWMHCTBO AOMOB
6blIlO pa3pyweHo, raBaHb nOKpblTa 06JlOMKaMM,
CKIlaAbl YHMYTO>KeHbl, aHrapbl CO>K>KeHbl, AOKM 3a-
BaIleHbl 06IloMKaMM. B wTa6-KBapTMpe BepMaxTa
3TO C006Ll.\eHl-1e 6blIlO npMHflTo C HeYAoBoIlbCTBM-
eM. POMMeJlb 6blJl npM3BaH K nopfiAKY M n01lYYMJl
npMKa3 YAep>KMBaTb 3aXBayeHHbie TeppMTopMM M
CBfl3blBaTb no B03MO>KHOCTM 60IlbWMe CI-1Ilbl npo-
TMBHMKa. HacTynIleHMe repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHCKO-
ro Kopnyca OKa3aJlOCb HaCTOIlbKO CTpeMMTeIlbHbIM,
YTO Ae30praHM30BaJlO nJlaHbl no BTOp>KeHI-1IO B fpe-
,-\1-110 M IOrocIlaBMIO (onepa,-\MfI ccMapMTa»). Ho POM-
MeIlfi 3TO He KaCaJlOCb. YTpOM 4 anpel151 3-fI pom
(MOTOpM3MpoBaHHafl) npM nOAAep>KKe MTaIlbflHcKO
neXOTbl (AMBI-131-1f1 «6peWMfI») BblWJla M3 6eHra3M.
POMMeIlb cpaKTMyeCKM cKOnMpOBaJl nIlaH, pa3pa60-
TaHHbl Ye BeIlIloM HeCKOIlbKI-1MM MecfI,-\aMM pa-
Hee. OH pewMIl npopBaTbcfI Yepe3 nycTblHlO, npo-
ABI-1HYTbCfI BnepeA BAOIlb AoporM Mcyc - 3Ilb-Me-
XMIlM M Bbl TM K .o.epHe Ha 6epery 3aIlMBa 60M6a.
KOMaHAMp fepMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca
nOCTaBMIl nepeA c060 ,-\eIlb nepepe3aTb Aopory K
oTcTynIleHMIO 6pMTaHcKMM Bo cKaM M YHI-1YTO>KI-1Tb
MX npM BblxoAe M3 KMpeHaMKM. Ho MTaIlbflH,-\bl npe-
AynpeAMIlM POMMeIlfi 0 HeB03MO>KHOCTI-1 nepeceYb
nycTblHIO 6e3 npeABapl-1TeIlbHO TLl.\aTeIlbHo nOA-
rOTOBKM. CYLl.\eCTBOBaIla BepofiTHoCTb pacceMBa-
HMfI 60IlbWMX coeAMHeHM Ha Mapwe. rOpMcTble
pa oHbl6blIlM HenpoxoAMMbl, TfI>KeJlble aBToM06M-
JlM nepeCeYb nYCTblHIO He MomM, a y HeMe,-\KMX COIl-
AaT OTCyTCTBOBaIla He06xOAMMafi nOArOTOBKa. ra-
pM6aIlbAM npMweIl K BbIBOAY, YTO nIlaH POMMeIlfi
He TOIlbKO He BblnOIlHMM, HO M MAeT B pa3pe3 C npM-
Ka3aMM MYCCOIlMHI-1. OH nOTpe60BaJl OT KOMaHAMpa
fepMaHCKoro AcppMKaHCKoro Kopnyca nOIlHoro
nOAYMHeHMfI 1-1 3anpeTMIl eMY npeAnpMHMMaTb YTO-
IlM60 6e3 npeABapl-1TeJlbHOrO OA06peHMfI 3TMX
Ae CTBM M3 PMMa. ill CHOBa POMMeIlb OTBepr Bce
B03pa>KeHMfI M peWMIl npeCIleAOBaTb npOTI-1BHMKa.
KorAa WTpa x nOnpOCMJl y Hero YeTblpe AHfI AIlfi
A03anpaBKM TonIlMBOM M nonOIlHeHI-1f1 60enpl-1na-
COB, POMMeIlb AaIl eMY Bcero OAMH AeHb! 3aTeM
npMKa3a1l 06epCTJle TeHaHTY nOHaTY 3aXBaTMTb
.o.epHY, He OCTaHaBIlMBafiCb B 3Ilb-MeXMJlM, a OC-
TaIlbHolli AMBM3MM - nepeCeYb nYCTblHIO M Bbl TM K
MOPCKOMY 6epery Me>KAY .o.epHO 1-1 T06pYKOM. Be-
YepOM ABe KOIlOHHbl C MTaJlbflHCKMM nOAKpenIleHM-
eM HanpaBMIlMCb B CTOPOHY C01lIlYMa M 3Ilb-MeXM-
JlM. «KaK M Bce npOYMe AoporM, - nMcaIl cpOH 33e-
6eK, - 3TO 6blIl CTapbl KapaBaHHbl nYTb. 3a
BpeMfi McnOIlb30BaHMfI 3TO AoporM nOYBa Ha He
npeBpaTI-1IlaCb B MeJlbYa wylO nblIlb, nOKpblBaB-
WYIO BCIO nOBepXHOCTb npOe3>Ke YaCTM. '-IT06bl
M36eraTb 06IlaKOB nblIlM, KOTopble nOAHMMaIlM Aa-
>Ke caMble IlerKMe aBTOM06MIlM, Mbl B3f1IlM 3a npa-
BMIlO exaTb no KpalO nYCTblHM pflAOM C Aoporo , HO
yepe3 HeCKOIlbKO HeAeIlb Aopora CTaJla HaCTOIlbKO
40
IIIMPOKO , YTO peWMTb np06IleMY TaKMM cnOC060M
r'lol1l0 Y>Ke HeB03MO>KHO, KOIlOHHbl npOABl-1raJlMCb
Ull peA BCIlenyIO, nOKpblTble roPflYI-1M neCKOM M OK-
PY>KeHHble HenpoHM,-\aeMblMM TyyaMM nbIIlI-1»23. KaK
.., IIpeAcKa3blBaIlM MTaJlbflH,-\bl, HeM,-\bl OyeHb CKOpO
lIKQ3aIlMCb B 3aTPYAHMTeIlbHoM nOIlO>KeHMM. HeKo-
I npble rPY30BMKM npoBaIlMBaIlMcb B 3b16Y....Me nec-
IU1, M APyrMM npMXOAMJlOCb B KpoMewHo TeMHOTe
LITaCKMBaTb MX onYAa. 3a HeCKOJlbKO yaCOB nYTM
KUIIOHHa OKa3aIlaCb napaIll-130BaHHo M pacceflH-
110M no nYCTbIHe. Pa3bflpeHHbl reHepaIl WTpa x
np Ka3aJl wocpepaM BKIlIOYMTb cpapbl. YBfl3WMe aB-
lOM06MIlM 6blIlM HaKOHe,-\-TO BblTaLl.\eHbl M nOIlY....M-
/I.., npMKa3 ABMraTbCfI rpynnaMM. Ho BCKope OHM
CHOBa nOTepflIlM Aopory. HeKoTopble aBTOM061-1IlM
nOAPblBaIlMcb Ha MMHax, pa36pocaHHbix MTaJlbflH-
1\i1MM npM oTcTynIleHMM. KorAa 3aHflIlCfI paccBeT
5 anpel1S1, yaCTb nOApa3AeIleHM reHepaJla WTpa -
)( BbIHY>KAeHa 6blIla OCTaHOBMTbCfI, TaK KaK Y HMX
KOHYI-1IlOCb roplOyee. C npMxoAOM >Kapbl B03HI-1KIlM
1I08ble TPYAHOCTM: neperpeBaIlMcb MOTOpbl, OTKa-
.ILIBaIla paAMocBfl3b. POMMeIlb, nOIlb3YflCb pa3Be-
ntJlBaTeIlbHblM caMOIleTOM «WTOPX», npMIlO>KMJl
orpoMHble YCMIlMfI, YT06blIll-1YHO BeCTM KOIlOHHY, M
YCTPOMIl pa3Hoc ocpM,-\epaM. .o.BI-1>KeHMe B HanpaB-
/I HMM Ba>KHOrO crpaTerMyeCKOrO nepeKpecTKa AO-
por Y 3Ilb-MexMIlIII, Bce eLl.\e TBepAO YAep>KI-1BaeMO-
ro 6pMTaH,-\aMM, B0306HOBMIlOCb. K 6 yaCaM YTpa
6 anpel151 nOApa3AeIleHMfI 5- JlerKO nexoTHo
HMBM3MI-1 Bce eLl.\e 6blIlM pa36pocaHbi M 6IloKMpoBa-
Ithl B 25 KMIloMeTpax OT 3Ilb-MexMIlM, a TaHKI-1 5-ro
I oIHKOBOro nOIlKa HaXOAMIlI-1Cb Y HMX B TbIIlY. WTpa x
(HKa3aIlCfI MATM B HacTynIleHMe. B HOYb C 6 Ha
7 anpeIlfi POMMeIlb IlMYHO, B3f1B HeCKOIlbKO B3BO-
HOB, npOBeIl aTaKY, HO OHa OKa3aIlaCb 6e3ycnew-
ItO . 7 anpel151 OH ABa>KAbl nOCblIlaIl YIlbTMMaTYMbl
OCa>KAeHHbIM, HO Te OTKa3blBaIlMCb CAaBaTbCR Tor-
H'" POMMeJlb npMKa3aJl 5-MY TaHKoBoMY nOIlKY Ha-
'1mb Ha CIleAYIOLl.\M AeHb aTaKY. 8 anpel1S1, nOKa
POMMeJlb IleTaIl Ha CBoeM «WTopxe» HaA nycTbl-
He , I-1TaJlbflH,-\bl no oWM6Ke 06cTpeIlflIlM caMOIleT
111 eMY npl-1WJlOCb cOBepwMTb BbIHY>KAeHHYIO nOCaA-
KY. nOKa nOIlKOBHMK OIlb6pMX OTyaflHHO nblTaIlCfI
DOCCTaHOBMTb pa60Tocnoc06HOCTb CBOMX TaHKOB,
Y KOTOpblX OT nonaAaHMfI neCKa 3aKIlMHMIlO 6aWHM,
WTpa x HaKOHe,-\-TO B3f1Il 3Ilb-MeXMIlM, 3aXBaTMB
1700 BoeHHonIleHHblX (M3 HMX 70 ocpM,-\epOBf4
(....aCTb M3 HI-1X OTHOCMIlaCb K 3- MHAM CKO 6pMra-
Ae), a TaK>Ke 60Ilbwoe KOJlM....eCTBO BoeHHoro CHa-
pfI>KeHI-1f1, npoAoBOIlbCTBMfI M aBTOMaWMH. 06epCT-
Ile TeHaHT nOHaT, KOMaHAl-1p 8-ro nYIleMeTHoro
6aTallbOHa (MOTOpM3MpOBaHHoro), BepHYIlcfI M3
.o.epHbl, npl-1BeAfi C c060 eLl.\e 900 BoeHHonIleHHblX
M 3HaYI-1TeIlbHOe KOJlMyeCTBO BoeHHoro CHapfl>Ke-
HMfI, B TOM YI-1CIle OKOIlO COTHM aBTOMaWMH! He-
CMOTpfl Ha TO YTO BO CKa 6blJlM M3MOTaHbl, POM-
MeIlb npMKa3aIl HeMeAIleHHO npOAOIl>KMTb ABM>Ke-
HMe B CTOPOHY TMMMM M T06pYKa. HeAOBOIlbHbl
nOBeAeHMeM WTpa xa BO BpeMfi 61-1TBbi 3a 3Ilb-Me-
XI-1IlM, KOMaHAYIOLl.\M repMaHCKMM AcppMKaHCKMM
KopnycoM Ha3HaYMIl BO rJlaBe 3TO onepa,-\MI-1 KO-
MaHAMpa 15- TaHKoBo AMBM3MM reHepaJl-Ma Opa
cpOH npMTBI-1,-\ YHA racpcppOHa, KOTOpbl1li TOIlbKO ....TO
npl-16blIl B nMBMIO, onepeAMB CBOIO AMBM3MIO.
10 anpel151 60 ,-\bl 06epCTJle TeHaHTa, BKIlIO-
yeHHble B rpynny nOIlKOBHMKa cpOH WBepMHa, 6blIlM
OCTaHOBIleHbl orHeM 6pMTaHcKo apTMIlIlepMM B 18
KMIloMeTpax OT T06PYKa. reHepaIl-Ma op cpOH
npI-1TBM,-\, npM6bIBWM Ha KOMaHAHbl nYHKT nOIl-
KOBHMKa cpOH WBepMHa, HaxoAMIlcfI B pacTepflH-
HOCTM: OH Bo06Ll.\e He nOHMMaIl, nOyeMY 6blIl Ha3Ha-
yeH KOMaHAMpOM onepa,-\MM, KorAa eLl.\e He ycneIl
KaK cIleAyeT 03HaKOMMTbCfI C TeaTpOM BoeHHblX
AellicTBM ! PaHHMM YTPOM POMMeIlb npM6blJl Ha KO-
MaHAHbl nYHKT cpOH npMTBM,-\a 1-1 YCTPOMIl eMY Ha-
CTOflLl.\M pa3HOC: HacTynIleHMe TOnyeTCfI Ha MeCTe,
nOyeMY? 6pMTaH,-\bl YXOAflT! nOCIle OT6blTMfI POM-
MeIlfl, pa3Apa>KeHHbl KOMMeHTapMflMI-1 CTapWMX
ocpM,-\epOB, KOMaHAMp 15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM-
3MM B3f11l Y cpOH WBepMHa MaWMHY M Ha nOIlHO
CKOpOCTM YCTpeMMIlCfI K T06pYKY. BCKope OH 6blIl
y6MT 6pMTaHCKMM CHapflAOM. YCIlblwaB 3TY HO-
BOCTb, WBepMH B flpOCTM YCTpeMMIlCfI B wTa6-KBap-
TMPY POMMeIlR KaK OH n03>Ke paCCKa3b1BaIl: «npM-
ex all POMMeIlb, M fI npOMHcpopMMpOBaIl ero, YTO
reHepaIl, KOToporo OH TOllbKO YTO ompaBMIl nOA-
HflTb cppOHT, Y>Ke MepTB. s:I BnepBble YBMAeIl, YTO
POMMeIlb paCTepflIlCR OH n06IleAHeIl, nOBepH¥IlCfI
Ha Ka61lYKax M BblWell, He CKa3aB HM CIlOBa»2 .
ConpOT BneH e To6pYKa
(11-30 anpenSl1941 rOAa)
11 anpel151 oKpY>KeHMe T06PYKa 6blJlO 3aBep-
weHo, M POMMeIlb Y>Ke npeACTaBIlflJl ce6e, KaK ro-
pOA ynaAeT eMY npfiMO B PYKM! Y KOMaHAMpa rep-
MaHCKoro AcppMKaHCKoro Kopnyca I-1MeIlCfI AOCTa-
TOYHO npOCTO nJlaH: 5-fI AMBM3MfI HaYHeT WTYPM
ropoAa C IOro-BocToKa, a TeM BpeMeHeM MTaIlbflH-
CKafi neXOTHafi AMBM3MfI «6peWMfI» npOBeAeT OT-
BIleKalOLl.\YIO onepa,-\MIO Ha 3anaAe.
41
L'AVANCE DE ROMMEL
(mars-avril 1941)
ROMMEL'S ADVANCE
March-April 1941
II .
II
.
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42
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Will X 8 anpeIl 1941 rO,Qa: KYM6, O'KOHHOp, HIIIM
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nplllTBIII4 YH,Q racjJcjJpoH
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44
Ho Ye BeJlJl TBepAO peWMJl 3aLllMLlIaTb ropoA
110 nOCJleAHero, CTapaflCb He AonycTMTb nonaAaHMfI
II PYKM K HeM,-\aM orpoMHoro KOJlMyeCTBa BoeHHoro
I'ffapfl>KeHMfI, BeJlMKOJlenHO raBaHM M KpynHblx MC-
I O....HMKOB BOAbl. 3TO TaK>Ke 6blJl npeKpaCHbl nJla,-\-
lIapM AJlfl nOCJleAYIOLlIe KOHTpaTaKM, KOTOPYIO
()pMTaHCKM maBHOKOMaHAYIOLlIM nJlaHMpOBaJl
npOBeCTM, KaK TOJlbKO B ErMme cocpeAOTOYMTCfI
1\OCTaTOYHOe KOJlMyeCTBO CMJl.
3a AeHb AO aTaKM POMMeJlfl rapHM30H T06pYKa
COCTOflJl M3 9- aBCTpaJlM CKO neXOTHO AMBM3MM,
YCMJleHHO 6pMraAO 7- aBCTpaJlM CKO AMBM3MM,
M HaXOAMJlCfI nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla Mop-
WII1Aa. 3TM CMJlbl YKPblBaJlMCb 3a MOLllHblMM YKpen-
IleHMflMM, nOCTpoeHHblMM MTaJlbflH,-\aMM B npOWJlOM
roAY. YKpenJleHMfI npeACTaBJlflJlM c060 48-KMJlO-
MeTpoBYIO JlMHMIO co 170 A30TaMM, 3aKpblBalOLlIYIO
ropoA co CTOpOHbl MaTepMKa. nOCTpoeHHble Ha B03-
BblweHHOCTM C my60KMMM JlMHMflMM C006Ll1eHMfI,
A30Tbi 6blJlM 3aLllMLlIeHbi MMHHblMM nOJlflMM, npoTM-
BOTaHKOBblMM pBaMM M 3arpa>KAeHMflMM M3 KOJlIO-
....e npOBOJlOKM. II1cKycHo 3aMaCKMpOBaHHble, OHM
XopOWO BnMCblBaJlMCb B oKPY>KaIOLlIM ne 3a>K M
HaXOAMJlMCb nOA npMKpblTMeM nOJlYTopaMeTpOBblX
6eTOHHbiX CTeH! B A06aBOK K 3TOMY cYLlIeCTBOBaJla
CMCTeMa AOTOB Ha paBHMHe, KOTopble MCnOJlb30Ba-
nMCb TOJlbKO BO BpeMfI 60ff.
3aLllMTHMKM T06pYKa 06JlaAaJlM M APyrMM npe-
MMYLlIeCTBOM nepeA POMMeJleM, y KOTOpOro TblJlbl
HaXOAMJlMCb AaJleKO C38AM, a TpMnOJlM, OTKYAa
nOAB03MJlM 60enpMnaCbl, OTCTOflJl Ha 1600 KMJlO-
MeTpoB, MOPWMA >Ke Mor nOJlyyaTb 60enpMnacbl M3
AIleKcaHAPMM no MOplO. Becb an peJlb , Aa M n03>Ke
IllOcpTBacpcpe 6blJlM CJlMWKOM CJla6blMM M He MMeJlM
AOCTaTOYHOrO KOJlMyeCTBa 60M6apAMpOBLlIMKOB,
....T06bl npenflTCTBOBaTb 6pMTaHCKMM KOHBOflM BXO-
AMTb B raBaHb T06PYKa.
nepBblH WTYPM To6PYKa
(11-14 anpenR)
WTypM T06pYKa HaYaJlCfI B nOJlAeHb 11 anpe-
1151. B 16 yaCOB 45 MMHYT POMMeJlb npMKa3811 reHe-
paJlY WTpa xy HayaTb reHepaJlbHbl WTYPM ropo-
A8. 3Ta 3aAaya 6blJla B03JlO>KeHa Ha nYJleMeTHbl
8- 6aTaJlbOH (MOTOpM3MpoBaHHbl ), KOTOpblM KO-
MaHAOBaJl 06epCTJle TeHaHT nOHaT. EMY B nOA-
Aep>KKY 6blJlO npMAaHo ABaA,-\aTb TaHKOB 5-ro TaH-
KOBOro nOJlKa. CJleAYfl 3a TaHKaMM, neXOTa npM
nOAQep>KKe apTMJlJlepM cKoro orHfI ABMHYJlaCb Bne-
peA, HO BHe3anHo, HaTKHYBwMCb Ha npoTMBoTaHKo-
Bble pBbl, TaHKM nOBepHYJlM Ha3aA! 6aTaJlbOH no-
HaTa nonaJl nOA apTMJlJlepM CKM OroHb 6pMTaH,-\eB
M, nOTepflB oAMHHaA,-\aTb yeJlOBeK, 3aJler M HaYaJl
OKanblBaTbCfI. 12 anpel151 POMMeJlb npMKa3aJl Ha-
yaTb WTYPM B 15 yaCOB 30 MMHYT, oAHaKo B 3TO
BpeMfI pa3pa3MJlaCb cTpawHafl neCyaHafl 6ypff. Ca-
nepbl nOA06paJlMCb K npoTMBoTaHKoBblM pBaM, HO
He CMomM Ae CTBOBaTb M3-3a orHfI npOTMBHMKa_
TpeTbfl nonblTKa WTypMa TaK>Ke npOBaJlMJlaCb. TaH-
KM OJlb6pMXTa He CYMeJlM Ha TM npoxoA B CMCTeMe
060POHbi npoTMBHMKa M nOHeCJlM 60JlbWMe nOTepM.
Bce 3TO BpeMfI neXOTa 6aTaJlbOHa nOHaTa HaxoAM-
JlaCb Ha nepeAoBo JlMHMM, nOA nOCTOflHHblM ap-
TMJlJlepM CKMM orHeM 6pMTaH,-\eB, McnblTblBafl >KYT-
KM XOJlOA HO%IO M 06>KMraIOLlIYIO >Kapy AHeM. nOC-
Jle cepMM aTaK reHepaJl WTpa x OTKa3aJlCfI OT
AaJlbHe wero HacTynJleHMfI M3-3a OTCYTCTBMfI TLlIa-
TeJlbHoro nJlaHMpOBaHMfI. Ho POMMeJlb He 06paTMJl
BHMMaHMfI Ha MHeHMe KOMaHAMpa 5- JlerKO ne-
XOTHO AMBM3MM. 13 anpel151 OH npMKa3aJl 06epcT-
Jle TeHaHTY nOHaTY B 18 yaCOB CAeJlaTb eLlle OAHY
nonblTKY npopBaTbcfI CKB03b 6pl.-1TaHcKYIO 060POHY.
3Ta aTaKa conpOBO>KAaJlaCb apTMJlJlepM CKMM or-
HeM no 3arpa>KAeHMflM M3 KOJlIOYe npOBOJlOKM 3a
npOTMBOTaHKOBblMM pBaMM. Ha 3TOT pa3 neXOTe
YAaJlOCb 3axBaTMTb nJla'-\AapM 3a JlMHMe 6pMTaH-
CKO 060POHbl, KYAa B CYMepKax nOAOWJlM TaHKM.
3a Beyep 60 ,-\bl nOHaTa CYMeJlM, He BCTpeyafl CO-
npOTMBJleHMfI, ymy6MTbcfI 3a JlMHMIO 060POHbi ropo-
Aa. nOYYBCTBOBaB 3anaAHIO, WTpa x npeAIlO>KMJl
npMOCTaHOBMTb HacTynJleHMe AO paccBeTa. 14 an-
pel151 B 4 yaca 30 MMHYT ABaA,-\aTb TaHKOB 5-ro TaH-
KOBOro nOJlKa, nOAQep>KMBaeMble MTaJlbflHCKMM ap-
TMJlJlepM CKMM nOJlKOM, YCTpeMMJlMCb B npopblB,
npOAeJlaHHbl nexoTo nOHaTa. POMMeJlb HeMeA-
JleHHO npMKa3aJl TaHKaM MTaJlbflHCKO AMBM3MM
«ApMena», TOJlbKO YTO npM6blBwe Ha cppOHT,
ABMHYTbCfI CJleAoM. OAHaKo MTaJlbflH,-\bl 6blJlM eLlle
He roTOBbl K BblcTynJleHMIO. A TeM BpeMeHeM pa3-
pa3MJlOCb Cpa>KeHMe. ABCTpaJlM ,-\bl reHepaJla Mop-
WMAa 3aKpblJlM npopblB, npOAeJlaHHbl HeMe,-\Ko
nexoTo , KOTOpafl, He nOAYMaB, BblWJla M3 6JlMHAa-
>Ke , nOCTpoeHHblX Ha BbICOTe. BHe3anHO HeM,-\bl
06HapY>KMJlM, YTO nOnaJlM B OKpY>KeHMe. B 7 yaCOB
45 MMHYT TaHKM OJlb6pMXTa, OKa3aBWMeCfI nOA
KMH>KaJlbHbIM apTMJlJlepM CKMM orHeM, nocneWHO
oTcTynMJlM. BCfI onepa,-\MfI nOTepneJla cpMacKo!
K Beyepy 14 anpeJlfl nOTepM 6blJlM OyeHb BbICO-
KMMM. Oc06eHHo TfI>KeJlO npMWJlOCb 6aTaJlboHY no-
HaTa: KOMaHAMp 6blJl y6MT, a BMeCTe C HMM eLlle 500
60 ,-\OB, M3 oKpY>KeHMfI cYMeJlM Bbl6paTbcfI TOJlbKO
116 YeJlOBeK. Y 5-ro TaHKoBoro nOJlKa oAHa nOJlO-
45
BMHa TaHKOB 6blJla YHMYTO>KeHa, a APyrafi nOBpe>K-
AeHa. Y3HaB 06 3TOM, POMMeJlb npMWeJl B flpOCTb
M npMKa3aJl WTpa xy CHOBa MATM B aTaKY. 111 CHOBa
KOMaHAMp 5- JlerKO nexoTHo AMBM3MM OTKa3aJl-
CfI nOAYMHMTbCfI npMKa3Y; ero nOAQep>KaJlM OJlb-
6pMXT M WBepMH, YKa3aB Ha Hepa3YMHocTb CJleno-
ro HacTynJleHMfI Ha Hepa3BeAaHHbie YKpenJleHMfI.
«HaYaJlcfI KpM3MC AOBepMfI, - nMweT .Q3BMA II1p-
BMHr, - BnepBble B Bo cKax nOflBMJlaCb aHTM-PoM-
MeJleBCKafl rpynnMpOBKa. OHM 3aflBMJlM, YTO POM-
MeJlb npeAnOYMTaeT «C>KeYb» XOPOWMX 60 ,-\OB,
BMeCTO TOro YT06bl AOJl>KHbIM 06pa30M nOArOTO-
BMTb aTaKy»26. B CBOIO OyepeAb, POMMeJlb 06BMHMJl
CBOMX nOAYMHeHHblX B HeBblnOJlHeHMM ero flCHblX M
nOHflTHblX npMKa30B M B 6e3rpaMOTHbiX Ae CTBMflX.
OH B03JlO>KMJl BMHY 3a nOTeplO 6aTaJlbOHa nOHaTa
Ha WTpa xa M OJlb6pMXTa M YHeCCfI BMeCTe co CBO-
MM HaYaJlbHMKOM wTa6a nOJlKOBHMKOM cpOH AeM
60pHe. B wTa6e OH OTCTpaHMJl Ma opa 3Jlepca,
wTa6Horo ocpM,-\epa, OTBeTCTBeHHoro 3a 3TY one-
pa,-\MIO.
6epJlMH HaYaJl BblKa3blBaTb 6ecnOKO CTBO no
nOBOAY npOBaJlMBwerocfI WTypMa T06pYKa M B03-
HMKwero HeAOBOJlbCTBa cpeAM nOA....MHeHHbIX POM-
MeJlfl. B CBoeM AHeBHMKe HaYaJlbHMK wTa6a Bep-
XOBHoro KOMaHAOBaHMfI cyxonYTHblMM BO CKaMM
ranbAep no nOBOAY C06bITM B AcppMKe 23 anpel151
AeJlaeT CJleAYIOLlIYIO 3anMCb: « V MeHfI TaKoe YYB-
CTBO, YTO TaM nOJlHafi Hepa36epMxa. PanopTa OcpM-
,-\epOB, npMxOAflLlIMe C 3TOro TeaTpa BoeHHblX Ae -
CTBM , KaK M LJaCTHble nMCbMa, roBOpflT 0 TOM, YTO
POMMeJlb COBepweHHO He nOAxOAMT Allfl nOCTaB-
JleHHO nepeA HMM 3aAaYM. OH ,-\eJlbIMM AHflMM Me-
yeTCfI Me>KAY pacceflHHblMM Ha orpOMHOM paCCTO-
flHMM BO CKaMM, opraHM30BbiBaeT pa3BeAblBaTeJlb-
Hble pe Abl M paCTpaYMBaeT Ha MeJlOYM CBOM CMJlbl».
l.jT06bl ycnoKoMTbCfI, raJlbAep OmpaBJlfleT reHe-
paJl-Ma Opa <DpMAPMxa cpOH naYJllOca, 3aHMMaB-
wero TorAa nOCT reHepaJl-KBapTMpMe CTepa B Bep-
XOBHOM KOMaHAOBaHMM cyxonYTHblX BO CK, B Acp-
PMKY, YT06bl Ha MeCTe pa306paTbCfI, KaK TaM
06CTOflT AeJla. no CJlOBaM caMoro ranbAepa, «3TO
6blJl eAMHCTBeHHbl YeJlOBeK, KOTOpbl Mor OXJla-
AMTb 3TOro 06e3YMeBwero COJlAaTa». naYJlIOC 6blJl
JlMYHO 3HaKOM C POMMeJleM, OHM HeCKOJlbKO JleT, C
1927 no 1929 rOA BMeCTe npOCJlY>KMJlM B OAHOM
nOJlKY (13- nexoTHbl nOJlK). 3axBaTMB C c060
HeCKOJlbKO ocpM,-\epoB M3 opraHM3a4MoHHoro M one-
paTMBHoro OTAeJlOB BepxoBHoro maBHOKOMaHAO-
BaHMfI cyxonYTHblx BO CK, naYJllOc 27 anpel151 npM-
6blJl B T06pYK. Ero BM3MT COBnaJl C npMe3AoM npa-
BO PYKM repMHra, reHepaJl-cpeJlbAMapWaJla
3pxapAa MMJlbXa, KOTOpbl HaWeJl POMMeJlfl nOJl-
HblM onTMMM3Ma M 3HTY3Ma3Ma 27 .
OAHaKo He3aAOJlro AO npM6blTMfI naYJllOca
06ecnoKoeHHbl POMMeJlb nOCllaJl B 6epJlMH TeJle-
rpaMMY, B KOTOpO y6eAMTeJlbHO npOCMJl, B CBfl3M
C HapacTalOLlIe MOLllblO 6pMTaHcKMx CMJl, CpOYHO
npMCJlaTb nOAKpenJleHMe. KpoMe Bcero npoyero,
KOMaHAYIOLlIM repMaHcKMM AcppMKaHcKMM Kopny-
COM 3anpaWMBaJl nepe6pOCKY no B03AYxy 15-
6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM, npeBpaLlleHMe 5- Jler-
KO nexOTHO AMBM3MM B 6pOHeTaHKOBYlO M Tpe60-
BaJl, YT06bl aBMa,-\MfI M nOABOAHbl cpJlOT 06ecne-
YMJlM 6e30naCHbl npoxOA KOHBoeB no CpeAM3eM-
HOMY MOp1028.
BTOpOH WTYPM To6PYKa
(30 anpenR - 2 MaR)
nOCJle He60JlbWOrO nepepblBa, BO BpeMfI KO-
TOpOro KOMaHAYIOLlIM repMaHcKMM AcppMKaHcKMM
KopnycoM nOJlYYMJl nOAKpenJleHMe M nJlaH 060po-
HMTeJlbHblX cooPY>KeHM T06PYKa, Ha AeHHbl Ha-
KOHe,-\-TO MTaJlbflH,-\aMM, POMMeJlb peWMJl B0306HO-
BMTb WTYPM T06pYKa. no peKOMeHAa,-\MM WTpa xa
WTYPMOBaTb roPOA peWMJlM C paBHMHHo IOrO-3a-
naAHo CTOpOHbl ABYMfI maBHblMM 60eBblMM rpyn-
naMM. nepBo , KYAa BXOAMJlM nOApa3AeJleHMfI 5-
JlerKO neXOTHO AMBM3MM, KOMaHAOBaJl reHepaJl-
Ma op KMpwxa M, cTapwM ocpM,-\ep «TpOnMYe-
CKO » rpynnbl reHepaJlbHoro wTa6a, HaxoAflLlIM CfI
C MHcneK,-\MoHHO noe3AKo B nMBMM. BTOpO
rpynno , CocToflLlle M3 nOApa3AeJleHM 15- 6po-
HeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM, Ha AHflX npM6blBwe K Mec-
TY Ae cTBM , KOMaHAOBaJl reHepaJl-Ma Op raHC-
KapJl cpOH 33e6eK, npMHflBwM KOMaHAOBaHMe
BMecTO reHepaJl-Ma Opa cpOH npMTBM,-\a. Onepa-
,-\MfI, 3a KOTOpO npMCTaJlbHO Ha6JllOAaJlM POMMeJlb
M reHepaJl-Ma Op naYJlIOC, Ha....aJlaCb BeyepOM 30
anpel151 nOCJle YCMJleHHO apmoAroTOBKM. OCHOB-
HO 3aAaYe flBJlflJlOCb B3f1TMe BblCOTbl 209 (Pac-
3Jlb-MaAayep). nepBbl AOT 6blJl 3aXBayeH B 24
Yaca. K paccBeTY 1 MaSi 3aAaya 6blJla BblnOJlHeHa,
M HayaJlOCb HacTynJleHMe Ha ceBepO-3anaA. Ho
BCKope nOApa3AeJleHMfI HaTKHyJlMCb Ha HOBbie XO-
pOWO 3aMaCKMpOBaHHbie YKpenJleHMfI. K 3TOMY ya-
cy CTaJlM YBeJlMYMBaTbCfI nOTepM. 3aTeM pa3pa3M-
JlaCb neCyaHafl 6YPfl. 2 MaSl, BMAfI, KaK pa3BOpaLJM-
BalOTCfI C06blTMfI, naYJllOc npeAllO>KMJl POMMeJlIO
OCTaHOBMTb aTaKY. Ho Cpa>KeHMe npoAOJl>KaJlOCb.
HeCKOJlbKO AHe HeMe,-\KMe n03M,-\MM HaXOAMJlMCb
nOA nOCTOflHHblM apT06cTpeJlOM, nepeMe>KaIOLlIMM-
46
CfI KOHTpaTaKaMM. «neTHflfI >Kapa YAapMJla no no-
.IM,-\MflM co Bce CBoe >KeCTOKO CMJlO , - nMweT
Q:>OH r.-K. cpOH 33e6eK. - Ha BblCOTax Ha6JlIOAa-
IlMCb MMpa>KM 03ep C YMCTO BOAO . MMJlJlMOHbl
MYX AeIlaJlM >KM3Hb HeBbIHOCMMO . TeMnepaTypa
nOAHflJlaCb AO 50 rpaAycoB no LleJlbCMIO. ApTMIlJle-
pll1 CKM 06CTpeJl, aTaKM WTYPMOBblX rpynn, TaH-
KOBble pe Abl, nYJleMeTHbl OroHb M 60M6bl C ca-
MOJleTOB - Bce 3TO CIleAOBaJlO OAHO 3a APyrMM,
tie 6blIlO HM MMHYTbl nepeAblwKM,,29. Bce 3TM TPYA-
HOCTM CTaBMJlM repMaHcKM AcppMKaHcKM Kopnyc
B OyeHb TfI>KeJlOe nOJlO>KeHMe. C Ha....aJla onepa,-\MM
3KcneAM,-\MoHHble CMJlbl nOTepflJlM 949 YeJlOBeK,
uKIlIO....afl167 y6MTbIMM 30 . 60enpMnacbl nOAXOAMJlM
K KOH,-\y, a nOAB03 MX Yepe3 CpeAM3eMHoe Mope,
rAe X03f1 HM""aJlM aHrllMyaHe, M nOCJleAYlOll.\afl AO-
CTaBKa Ha cppOHT npeACTaBIlflJlM 60JlbWMe TPYAHO-
CTM. nOpTOBble cOOPY>KeHMfI B TpMnOJlM He COOT-
BeTCTBOBaJlM 3TO 3aAaye. II1x nponYCKHafl cnoc06-
HOCTb COCTaBIlflJla 45 000 TOHH B MecfI,-\, a AIlfl
repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca, MTaIlbflH-
CKO apMMM M rpa>KAaHCKOro HaCeJleHMfI nMBMM
rpe60BaJlOCb 116 000 TOHH B MecfI,-\! HecMoTpfl Ha
OT....aflHHble yCMJlMfI MTaJlbflHCKOro cpJlOTa, HeMe,-\-
KMe nOApa3AeJleHMfI HayaJlM McnblTblBaTb HY>KAY
BO BceM, BKIltoyafl npOAOBOJlbCTBMe. 60 ,-\bl nOJlY-
YaJlM Hec6aJlaHCMpOBaHHbl naeK M3 raJleT, OJlMB-
KOBOro MaCJla, capAMH B MaCJle, Kocpe, nOBMAIla,
TI06MKOB C nJlaBJleHblM CblpOM M MTaJlbflHCKMX 6a-
HOK TyweHKM, KOTopble COJlAaTbl np03BaJlM Alter
Mann (cTapMK) MJlM ACMHYC MYCCOJlMHM, 1I13-3a Ha-
neYaTaHHo Ha KpblwKe a66peBMaTYPbl AM! B CBfI-
3M C OTCYTCTBMeM CBe>Ke nMIl.\M 3AopOBbe COJlAaT
nowaTHYJlOCb. Y HeKOTopblX M3 HMX Aa>Ke 6blJlO OT-
Me....eHO BblnaAeHMe 3y60B! «CBMpenCTBOBaJlM Ha-
BOAflll.\Me APO>Kb >KeJlYAO....Hble 3a60JleBaHMfI, -
OTMe....aeT, BcnOMMHafl 06 3TOM BpeMeHM, KOMaH-
AMp 115-ro nexoTHoro nOJlKa (MOTOpM3MpoBaHHoro)
15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM nOJlKOBHMK cpOH
Xepcpcp. - TaKoe npOMCXOAMJlO pa3 B MeCfI,-\, M Bbl
HaYMHaJlM McnblTblBaTb Y>KaCHYIO CJla60CTb. nOCJle
Tpex AHe 60Jle3HM fI HaCTOJlbKO oCJla6, ....TO 3a
OAMH AeHb TPM pa3a naAaJl B 06MOPOK, HO npOAOIl-
>KaJl BblnOJlHflTb CBOM 06f13aHHOCTM, He 06pall.\aflCb
K BpaYaM. Bo BCflKOM CJlyYae, Bce Mbl, acpPMKaH-
CKMe BOMHbl, KaK COJlAaTbl, TaK M ocpM,-\epbl, He
MOrllM AO>KAaTbCfI KOH,-\a 3TO KaMnaHMM. 111 Mbl
roBOpMJlM ce6e: "60JlbWe B AcppMKY HM Horo ,,»31.
Ell.\e xY>Ke 6blJlO naAeHMe MOpaJlbHOro Ayxa. nOA-
YMHeHHble POMMeJlfl He MOrllM nOHflTb ero ynpflMc-
TBa M ceTOBaIlM Ha 6eCCMblCJleHHbie nOTepM. B
CBoeM nMCbMe B reHepaJlbHbl wTa6 B 6epIlMH cpOH
Xepcpcp nMCaJl: «HMKTO M3 Hac 3AeCb He MO>KeT no-
HflTb 3TM flpOCTHbie aTaKM T06PYKa; XOTfI CMIlbl M
YMCJleHHOCTb rapHM30Ha KpenocTM xopowo M3Bec-
THbl, Ka>KAbl BHOBb npM6bIBWM 6aTaJlbOH 6poca-
eTCfI B OyepeAHYIO aTaKY M, eCTeCTBeHHO, He AOCTM-
raeT HMKaKoro pe3YJlbTaTa. B pe3YJlbTaTe 3AeCb, B
T06PYKe, HeT HM OAHOro nOApa3AeJleHMfI, KOTOpoe
He MCnblTaJlO 6bl Ha ce6e COKPywMTeIlbHoro YAapa...
Bo Bcex 3TMX MMnYIlbcMBHblX KOMaHAax, OTAaBae-
MblX AcppMKaHcKoMY Kopnycy, Mbl, MJlaAWMe OcpM-
,-\epbl, npOCTO He MO>KeM Ha TM HM CMblCIla, HM no-
BOAa,,32. naYJlIOC npM3HaIlCfI 06epCTJle TeHaHTY
WMMATY BO BpeMfI noe3AKM no HeMe,-\KMM n03M4M-
flM BOKpyr T06pYKa nepeA CaMblM WTYPMOM: «He-
Me4KMe BO CKa, Cpa>KalOll.\MeCfI nOA T06PYKOM,
HaXOAflTCfI B HeyeJlOBeyeCKMX, HeBblHOCMMblX yc-
IlOBMflX. s:t 6YAY peKOMeHAOBaTb B 6epIlMHe OTO -
TM Ha 60Ilee npOYHble n03M,-\MM nOA A H-3Jlb-ra3a-
JlO . TaM JlMHMM cHa6>KeHMfI pe3KO COKpaTflTCfI.
YCJlOBMfI npe6blBaHMfI HaWMX BO CK 6YAYT JlyYwe,
M y Hac nOflBflTCfI CMJlbHble pe3epBbl. HaCKOJlbKO fI
BM>KY, 3AeCb Bce HaxOAflTCfI nOCTOflHHO Ha cJlY>K6e,
He MMefl HM MMHYTbl nepeAblWKM. OTAblX M BOCCTa-
HOBJleHMe CMJl B BO CKax 3AeCb npOCTO HeB03MO>K-
Hbl. He06xOAMMO YTO- TO npeAnpMHflTb, YT06bl M3-
MeHMTb cMTya,-\MIO K JlYYWeMy!»33
no B03Bpall.\eHMM 11 MaSi B 6epJlMH naYJlIOC
ABa C nOJlOBMHO yaca npOBeJl C raJlbAepOM M 06-
pMCOBaJl eMY nOJlO>KeHMe B CeBepHo AcppMKe B
o....eHb MpaYHblX TOHax. nOcJle 3TO BCTpeYM raJlb-
Aep 3anMCaJl B CBoeM AHeBHMKe: «TaM CJlO>KMJlaCb
OyeHb Hexopowafl cMTya,-\MfI. POMMeJlb OTKpOBeH-
HO npeHe6per BceMM HaWMMM MHCTPYK,-\MflMM, M
Tenepb CKIlaAblBaeTCfI nOJlO>KeHMe, C KOTOpblM Ha-
we cHa6>KeHMe He CMO>KeT cnpaBMTbCfI. Y 3TOro
napHfI a6COJllOTHO OTCYTCTByeT YYBCTBO Mepbl...
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we M BblCKa3aJlCfI 06 «3TOM TynoM HeAaJlbHOBMA-
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XOTfi He MMeeT HM MaJle wero nOHflTMfI 06 061l.\e
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pbl M KoppecnOHAeHTbl Bcex MaCTe . KOHeYHO, OHM
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50
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(anpel1b - MaH 1941 rOAa)
3aXBaT 3c-ConnYMa
U npOXO,/:la XanbC/Jaufi
6IloKaAa T06PYKa npOAOIl>KaIlaCb, B 6epIlMHe
BepXOBHoe KOMaHAOBaHMe 06cY>KAaIlO nOBeAeHMe
POMMeIlfl, a B 3TO BpeMfi pe3KO YXYAWMIlaCb CMTY-
a,-\MfI Ha erMneTCKO rpaHM,-\e. Ho CHayaIla HaM Ha-
AO HeMHoro BepHYTbCfI Ha3aA. 11 anpel151 60eBafi
rpynna nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM 06epCT1le TeHaHTa
KHa6e (KoMaHAMpa 15-ro 6aTaIlboHa 15- 6poHe-
TaHKoBo AMBM3MM) 6blIla nOCJlaHa Ha 3anaA. npo -
Afl T06PYK, KHa6e 3aXBaTMIl cpOpT Kany,-\'-\o, YKpen-
JleHHbl nYHKT Ha erMneTcKo rpaHM,-\e. A AHeM
paHbwe APyrafi rpynna nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM 06epCT-
Jle TeHaHTa cpOH BeXMapa BblWJla Ha wocce 6ap-
AIt1f1 - 3C-COIlIlYM, 3aTeM 3aXBaTMIla 6apAMIO M
3C-COIlIlYM M TeM caMblM nOIly....MIla KOHTpOIlb HaA
BOCTOYHO yaCTblO BMa 6anb60. Ha6IllOAeHMe 3a
3TMM yyaCTKOM 6blIlO nopy....eHO nOApa3AeJleHMflM
5- IlerKO neXOTHO AMBM3MM nOA KOMaHAOBaHM-
eM nOIlKOBHMKa cpOH Xepcpcpa.
B HayaIle Mafl cpOH Xepcpcp YMeIlblM MOIlHMe-
HOCHblM 6pOCKOM B3f1Il npOXOA XaIlbcpa fI. Tenepb
B pYKax POMMeIlfi OKa3aIlMCb ABe Ba>KHble CTpaTe-
rM....eCKMe TO....KM nepBOCTeneHHoro 3Ha....eHMfI: 3c-
COJlJlYM M XaIlbcpa fI. PaCnOIlO>KeHHble HanpOTMB
erMneTCKO rpaHM,-\bl, 3TM ABa npoxOAa, BeAY Me
Ha lOr, 6blIlM eAMHCTBeHHblMM nYTflMM Yepe3 200-
MeTpoBbl cKaIlMcTbl rpe6eHb, npoTflHYBWM CfI OT
MOpfi AO oa3Mca Xa6aTa M flBIlflBWM CfI eCTeCTBeH-
HO nperpaAo , 3aKpbIBalO e AOJlMHY HMIla.
nepBafi peaKqHfI 6puTaHqeB:
onepaqufI ccBHe3anHOCTb»
B HayaIle Mafl Ye BeIlIl, 06ecnoKoeHHbl YCM-
IleHMeM repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca M B
oc06eHHocTM npM6blTMeM 15- 6poHeTaHKoBo AM-
BM3MM B pa oH T06pYKa, pewMIl npoBecTM orpaHM-
....eHHoe HacTynIleHMe B HanpaBIleHMM Kany'-\,-\o M
CMAM-A3e 3-BMa-Xa6aTa C ,-\eIlblO 3anoIly....MTb npo-
XOAbl 3C-COIlIlYM M XaIlbcpa R PYKOBOAIt1Tb one-
pa,-\Me , B KOTOpO 3aAe CTBOBaJlMCb 7 -fl 6pOHe-
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MMeBWMe B CBoeM paCnOpfl>KeHMM OKOJlO 50 TaH-
KOB, 6blIl Ha3Ha....eH reHepaIl rOTI. Onepa,-\MfI Ha....a-
IlaCb 15 MaSi. CMIlbl nOIlKOBHMKa cpOH Xepcpcpa He
MomM YAep>KaTb 6pMTaHCKMe TaHKM M OTOWIlM OT
3C-COIlIlYMa M XaIlbcpa M. 6pMTaHCKIt1e TaHKM npo-
WIlM ....epe3 Xa6aTY Ha Kany,-\,-\o M CMAM-A3e 3.
CpO....Hoe nOAKpenIleHMe B BMAe HeCKOIlbKMX TaH-
KOB M 3eHMTHbiX paC....eTOB, nOIly....eHHoe OT 60eBO
rpynnbl (KOMaHAMp 06epCT1le TeHaHT KpaMep), no-
Momo 60 ,-\aM nOIlKOBHMKa Xepcpcpa OCTaHOBMTb
6pMTaHCKoe HacTynIleHMe, HO YAep>KaTb Kany,-\,-\o
M CMAM-A3e 3 OHM He CMomM. Y HeM,-\eB OCTaIlCfI
AOCTaTOYHbl nIla'-\AapM, ....T06bl POMMeIlb 6pOCMIl
B 60 e e OAHY 60eBYlO rpynny, B OCHOBe KOTO-
po 6blIl 8- TaHKOBbl nOIlK (15- 6pOHeTaHKO-
BO AMBM3MM) M 6aTapefi 88-MMJlIlMMeTpOBbIX opy-
AM . 16 MaSi 8- TaHKoBbl nOIlK B3f1Il Kany,-\,-\o M
CMAM-A3e 3. TeM BpeMeHeM nOIlKOBHMK cpOH
Xepcpcp oT6MIl 3C-COIlJlYM. 17 MaSi 6pMTaHcKMe
Bo cKa OTOWIlM B ErMneT, HO npOAOIl>KaIlM YAep>KM-
BaTb npoxoA XaJlbcpa fI M npMIleralO YIO K He MY
TeppMTopMIO. reHepaIl rOTI nOJly....MIl npMKa3Il1060
,-\eHO YAep>KaTb 3TOT CTpaTerMyeCKM Ba>KHbl
nYHKT M HeMeAIleHHO YCMIlMIl HaXOAfI MeCfI TaM CM-
Ilbl TaHKaMM, npOTMBOTaHKOBblMM nOApa3AeJleHMfI-
MM M apTMIlIlepMe . OAHaKo 27 MaSi nOIlKOBHMK
cpOH Xepcpcp 3aHflIl npoxoA M, He Tepflfl BpeMeHM,
YCTaHOBMIl TaM >KeCTKYIO 060POHY M3 88-MMIlIlMMeT-
pOBblX OPYAM M AIO>KMHbl OT6MTbiX Y HenpMflTeIlfi
MTaIlbflHCKMX OPYAM .
K KOH,-\y Mafl cMTya,-\MfI no BceMY cppOHTY CTa-
6MIlM3MpOBaIlaCb. POMMeIlb McnOIlb30BaIl 3TOT MO-
MeHT 3aTMwbfl, ....T06bl HaBeCTM nopfiAOK B CBOMX
BO CKax M CMeHMTb KOMaHAMpOB, Ae CTBMfI KOTO-
pblX ero He YAOBIleTBOpflIlM. nepBblM, KTO 6blIl CMe-
eH BO BpeMfi 3TO nepeCTaHOBKM, OKa3aIlCfI, ec-
TeCTBeHHO, KOMaHAMp 5- IlerKO neXOTHO AMBM-
3MM reHepaIl-Ma op WTpa x. 20 Mafl OH 6blIl Bbl3BaH
AIlfi Aa....M nOKa3aHM BblwecTofl eMY Ha....anbCTBy
M TeM caMblM BTflHYT B "AoIlrMe M pa3HocTopoHHMe
AMCKYCCMW,35. OH 6blJl3aMeHeH reHepaIl-Ma opoM
PaBeHwTe HoM, KOMaHAoBaBwMM AO 3TOro 16-
cTpeIlKoBo 6pMraAo . repo BO Hbl 1914--1918
roAOB, OH, KaK M POMMeIlb, flBIlflIlCfI KaBaIlepoM
npeCTM>KHOrO 0PAeHa ,,3a oc06ble 3acIlyrM». Pa-
BeHwTe H npM6blIl B nMBMIO TOIlbKO 31 Mafl M TYT
>Ke 3a60IleIl, TaK M He ycneB npMHflTb KOMaHAOBa-
Hlt1e. Ta >Ke y....aCTb nOCTMma KOMaHAMpa 5-ro TaH-
KOBoro nOJlKa nOIlKOBHMKa OIlb6pMxTa 36 . BMecTo
reHepaIl-Ma opa cpOH 33e6eKa, paHeHHoro nOA
T06pYKOM, KOMaHAYIO MM 15- 6poHeTaHKoBo AM-
BM3Me CTaIl 6bIBWM KOMaHAMp 8- 6poHeTaHKo-
BO AMBM3MM reHepaIl-Ma op BanbTep He MaH-
CMIlKOB, npMHflBwM KOMaHAoBaHMe 26 MaR Oc-
TaIlbHble nepeMeHbl KaCaJlMCb HM>KHerO 3weIlOHa
KOMaHAOBaHMfI, a HeKOTopble ocpM,-\epbl "AIlfi npM-
Mepa» 6blIlM OTAaHbl nOA TpM6YHaIl.
52
npOBan OnepaLl,a.1a.1 «60eBOM TOnOp»
POMMenb rpOMUT 6puTaHqeB
no,/:l 3c-ConnYMoM
(15-21 UIOHfI 1941 rO,/:la)
nOKa POMMeJlb 3aHMMaIlCfI peopraHM3a,-\Me
CBOMX CMIl M 3aMeHO KOMaHAMpoB, KOTOpblX OH
CYMTaIl He nOAXOAflLl.\MMM AIlfi 3TO pom.." Ye BeIlIl
OKTMBHO rOTOBMIl peBaHW. rIlaBHOKOMaHAYIOLl.\M
Iia 6IlM>KHeM BOCTOKe, Y KOToporo Bce TaK >Ke He
XBaTaIlO BOOPY>KeHMfI M oc06eHHO TaHKOB, y6eAMIl
yep....MIlIlfi BblCIlaTb KOHBO M3 weCTM Kopa6Ile
(KOHBO «T Mrp»), rPY>KeHHbl 238 TaHKaMM M 43 ca-
MOIleTaMM «XappMKe H». YT06bl BblMrpaTb BpeMfI,
Ye BeIlIl ynpocMIl MMpa1lTe CTBo nOCIlaTb 3TOT
KOHBO ....epe3 rM6pamap, a He BOKpyr AcpPMKM.
XOTfi 3TO M 6blIlO pMCKOBaHHoe peweHMe, KOHBO
cc T Mrp» npM6blJl B A11eKcaHAPMIO 12 Mafl, nOTepfiB
B nYTM Bcero OAHO CYAHO (YTOHYIlO 57 TaHKoB). Ha
CIleAYIOLl.\e HeAeJle 7-fI 6poHeTaHKoBafi AMBM3MfI,
OCTaBaBwaflCfI nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla C3-
pa M. O'Myp-KpMra, 6blIla peopraHM30BaHa M npo-
wJla KYpC nOAroToBKM Ha HOBOM BoopY>KeHMM 37 . K
cepeAMHe MIOHfI nOAroToBKa 6blJla 3aKoH....eHa, M
Ye BeIlIl npMcTynMIl K oCYLl.\eCTBIleHMIO onepa,-\MM
nOA KOAOBblM Ha3BaHMeM «60eBo Tonop», Ha3Ha-
YMB AHeM HacTynIleHMfI 15 MIOHR
Ye BeIlIl nOCTaBMIl nepeA c060 ,-\eIlb np06MTb
(5pewb B IlMHMM cppoHTa HeM,-\eB M paCnOIlO>KMTb
CBOM 6poHeTaHKoBbie CMIlbl B ceKTope Kany,-\,-\o -
CMAM-A3e 3. KaK TOIlbKO 6YAeT 3aHflTa 3Ta n03M-
,-\MfI, TaHKaM reHepaIla O'Myp-KpMra CIleAOBaIlO
yCTpeMMTbcfI K T06pYKY M 3Ilb- eMY, coeAMHMTb-
CfI C rapHM30HOM T06pYKa M 3aTeM yHM....TO>KMTb He-
Me,-\KMe Bo cKa. ,QIlfi oCYLl.\eCTBIleHMfI 3TOro nJlaHa
reHepan 6epeccpoPA-nMpC, KOToporo Ye BeJlJl Ha-
3Ha....MJl OTBeTCTBeHHblM 3a npoBeAeHMe onepa,-\MM,
cnIlaHMpoBaIl TpM IlMHMM aTaKM. Ha npaBoM cpIlaH-
re nepBafi KOJlOHHa AOIl>KHa 6blJla aTaKOBaTb BAOJlb
MopcKoro n06epe>Kbfl B HanpaBIleHMM 3C-CoIlIlYMa
M Xanbcpa M, TO eCTb TaM, rAe npOXOAMIla YKpen-
IleHHaflIlMHMfI rpaHM,-\bl Me>KAY ErMnTOM M nMBMe .
BTopafl, ,-\eHTpaIlbHafl, KOIlOHHa AOIl>KHa 6blJla 060-
rHYTb IO>KHbl Kpa YKpenIleHHo IlMHMM, 3aTeM no-
BepHYTb Ha ceBep, 3aXBaTMTb Myca A M Kany,-\,-\o M
Bbl TM B TblIl Xanbcpa e. 3TM ABe KOJlOHHbl COCTO-
flIlM M3 neXOTHblX nOApa3AeJleHM , nOA KOMaHAoBa-
HMeM KOMaHAMpa 4- MHAM CKO nexoTHo AMBM-
3MM reHepaIla MeccepBM. Ha IleBOM cpIlaHre TpeTbfl
KOIloHHa, OCHOBY KOTOpO COCTaBIlflIlM nOApa3Ae-
IleHMfl7- 6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3MM, AOIl>KHa 6blJla
3a TM B TblIl K HeM,-\aM, yHM....TO>KMTb MX cKIlaAbl M
He n03BOIllt1Tb MX 6pOHeTaHKOBOMY pe3epBY npM TM
Ha nOMOLl.\b B 3C-COIlIlYM M XaIlbcpa lO. KaK TOIlbKO
3TM TPM 3a.QaYM 6YAYT BblnOIlHeHbl, CKOH,-\eHTpMpo-
BaHHbie 6pOHeTaHKOBbie CMJlbl M3 pa OHa Me>KAY
CMAM-A3e 30M M Kany,-\,-\o AOJl>KHbl 6blIlM Hanpa-
BMTbCfI Ha T06pYK, a nepeA neXOTHblMM nOApa3,Qe-
IleHMflMM CTOflIla 3aAa....a B3f1TMfI 6apAMM. B03AYw-
Hafl nOAAep>KKa OCYLl.\eCTBIlflIlaCb ....eTblpHaA'-\aTblO
3CKaAPMIlbflMM: weCTblO MCTpe6MTeIlbHblMM, ye-
TblpbMfI cpeAHMX 60M6apAMpOBLl.\MKOB M YeTblpbMfI
TfI>KeIlbiX 60M6apAMpOBLl.\MKOB.
6aIlaHC CMIl HaKaHYHe HacTynIleHMfI 6blIl Ha
CTopOHe HacTynalOLl.\MX, TaK KaK Ye BeJlJl MMeIl 190
TaHKOB npoTMB 178 TaHKOB (He C....MTafi I M KOMaHA-
HblX TaHKOB) POMMeJlfl, cpeAM HeMe,-\KMX MawMH
6blIlO TOIlbKO 95 TaHKOB III M IV, cnoc06HbiX npoTM-
BOCTOflTb «MaTMJlbAaM», TOIlCTafi 6pOHfI KOTOpblX
cnoKo Ho BblAep>KMBaIla YAapbl HeMe,-\KMx 37-MMIl-
IlMMeTpoBblX npoTMBoTaHKoBblX OPYAM . OAHaKo y
POMMeIlfi 6blIlM 3aMe....aTeIlbHble 88-MMIlIlMMeTpo-
Bble 0PYAMfI, cnoc06Hbie pa3HecTM Ha ....acTM aHr-
JlM CKMe TaHKM. II1MeHHo 3TM 0PYAMfi POMMeIlb MYA-
po pa3MeCTMJl Ha nepeAHe IlMHMM cppoHTa: nflTb B
XaIlbcpa e, ....eTblpe Ha rpe6He XaAMcp M eLl.\e ....eTbl-
pe OTAaJl B paCnOpfl>KeHMe 15- 6poHeTaHKoBo
AMBM3MM.
Onepa,-\MfI Ha....aIlaCb, comaCHO pa3pa60TaHHO-
MY nIlaHY, B 4 ....aca 30 MMHYT 15 MIOHSI. Ho Ye BeIlIl
pacc....MTblBaIl Ha 3IleMeHT BHe3anHOCTM, KOTOpbl
He Cpa60TaIl. B repMaHCKOM AcppMKaHCKOM KOp-
nyce Y>Ke HeCKOIlbKO AHe 3HaIlM 0 rOTOBflLl.\eMCfI
HacTynIleHMM. 15 MIOHfI HeM,-\bl nepexBaTMIlM 6pM-
TaHCKoe PaAMoco06Ll.\eHMe, YTO «neTp» AOJl>KeH
npM6blTb Ha cIleAYIOLl.\M AeHb. HeM,-\bl cpa3Y >Ke
pa3raAaIlM CMblCIl 3TOro C006Ll.\eHMfI, TaK KaK Ta
>Ke caMafi KOAoBafi cppa3a McnOIlb30BaIlaCb M npM
onepa,-\MM «BHe3anHocTb». POMMeIlb TYT >Ke oTAaIl
npMKa3 no cppOHTY npMBecTM Bo cKa B 60eBYlO ro-
TOBHOCTb M BeIleIl CBOMM M06MIlbHbiM pe3epBaM -
5- IlerKo nexoTHo AMBM3MM nOA KOMaHAOBaHM-
eM reHepaIla WTpa xa, TaK KaK ero npeeMHMK Bce
eLl.\e 6blIl 60IleH, M 15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM
nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla He MaHa-CMIlKo-
Ba - 6blTb rOTOBblMM K 60eBbiM Ae CTBMflM.
B paHHMe YTpeHHMe ....aCbl 6pMTaHCKMe nOApa3-
AeIleHMfI A06MIlMCb 3Ha....MTeIlbHoro ycnexa. l.!eHT-
paIlbHafi KOIlOHHa 3aXBaTMIla Kany'-\'-\o M 6Mp-Baep
M TOIlbKO nOCIle 3TOro HaTKHYIlacb Ha nOApa3AeJle-
HMfI 8-ro TaHKOBoro nOIlKa, CTOflBWMe Ha paBHMHe
B pa OHe 6apAMM. KOJlOHHa Ha IleBOM cpIlaHre
53
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The fB6ureof operslron ' Ban_axe
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OAHMM M3 nepBblx pe3YIlbTaToB npoBana one-
pa,-\MM «60eBo Tonop» 6blIlO CMeL.lleHMe maBHO-
KOMaHAylOL.lIerO Ha 6IlM>KHeBOCTOYHOM TeaTpe BO-
eHHblX Ae cTBM . no npMKa3y LJepYMIlIlfl, CYMTaB-
wero, YTO B 3TOM pa oHe, HecYL.lleM nOTeH,-\MaJlbHYIO
yrp03Y, HY>KHbl «HOBbl ma3 M HOBafi PYKa», cpeIlbA-
MapWaJl Ye BeIlIl6blIl CHfiT co CBoero nOCTa 21 MIO-
Hfi 1941 roAa 40 . B CBOMX MeMyapax 6pMTaHcKM
npeMbep-MMHMCTp 06bflcHfieT 3TO peweHMe TeM,
YTO cpeIlbAMapWaJl AOIlroe BpeMfi HaxoAMIlcfI B Ha-
npfl>KeHHOM COCTOflHMM 41 M nepeYToMMIlcfI, BblnOIl-
Hfifl 3aAaYy, BO BpeMfi KOTOpO Tpe60BaJlOCb OAHO-
BpeMeHHo cIleAMTb 3a C06blTMflMM B nflTII1 MIlM wec-
TM pa3IlMYHbiX perMoHax, rAe npoMcxoAMIlM BoeHHble
Ae CTBMfI. Ha caMOM AeIle 6pMTaHcKM reHepaJlb-
Hbl wTa6 6blIl HeAoBoIleH Ye BeIlIloM 3a Henpo-
AYMaHHylO M nIlOXO nOAroToBIleHHYIO onepa,-\MIO, a
60Ilee Bcero TeM, KaK OH paCTOYMTeIlbHo pacnopfl-
AMIlCfI CBOMMM CMIlaMM, HayaB KaMnaHMIO, MMefi
300 TaHKOB, npMcIlaHHblx B ErMneT no ero 3anpocy.
TaKMM 06pa30M Ye BeIlIl 6blIl HanpaBIleH Ha 60-
Ilee cnoKo Hbl TeaTp BoeHHblX Ae cTBM B \I1HAMIO
M 3aMeHeH C3pOM KIlOAOM OKMHIleKoM, POAMB-
WM CfI B 1884 roAY OKMHIleK 6blIl onblTHblM, 3Hep-
rMYHblM KOMaHAMpoM. ,Qo CBoero Ha3HayeHMfI B
\11 HAM 10 OH CblrpaJl Ba)f(HYIO pOIlb B caMOM Hayane
BO Hbl, 6YAYYM KOMaHAMpOM 3KcneAM,-\MOHHbIX CMIl
B HopMaHAMM, 3aTeM AO AeKa6pfl 1940 rOAa PYKO-
BOAMIl IO>KHO IlMHMe 060pOHbi 6pMTaHCKMX OCT-
pOBOB.
npM6blB 5 MIOIlfi 1941 roAa K MecTY CBoero Ha-
3HayeHMfI, HOBbl BepxoBHbl maBHoKoMaHAYIOL.lIM
CMIlaMM Ha 6IlM>KHeM BocToKe npOflBMJl 66IlbWYIO
03a60yeHHOCTb nOIlO>KeHMeM Ha ceBepHoM ceKTope
cBoero TeaTpa BoeHHblX Ae cTBM (CMpMfI), yeM
nOIlO>KeHMeM B CeBepHo AcppMKe. no 3TO npMYM-
He, a TaK>Ke M3-3a He>KeJlaHMfI nOBTopeHMfI OWM60K
CBoero npeAweCTBeHHMKa OKMHIleK AOJlO>KMIl Ka-
6MHeTY MMHMCTpOB 0 HeB03MO>KHOCTM AO Hayana
HOfl6pfl npOBeAeHMfI HacTynIleHMfI Ha KMpeHaMKY,
He06xOAMMOCTM TL.lIaTeIlbHO nOArOTOBKM M nOIlyYe-
HMfI COOTBeTCTBYIOL.lIero nOAKpenIleHMfI (Tpex 6po-
HeTaHKOBblX M OAHO MOTOpM3MpOBaHHO neXOTHO
AMBM3M !). 4 MIOI1S1 OH HanMCaJl npeMbep-MMHMCTPY,
YTO 6e3 c03AaHMfI CMIlbHO 060poHMTeIlbHo IlMHMM
HeIlb3f1 roBOpMTb HM 0 KaKOM AaJlbHe weM HacTyn-
IleHMM, TaKoe 3aflBIleHMe pa3AoCaAoBaIlo LJepYMIl-
Ilfl, >KeIlaBwero KaK MO)f(HO 6blcTpee B0306HOBMTb
BoeHHble Ae cTBMfI, YT06bl BocnOIlb30BaTbCfI MO-
MeHToM, KorAa HeM,-\bl Bce CBoe BHMMaHMe nepe-
KJlIOYMIlM Ha BTOp>KeHMe B COBeTcKM COI03. OTHO-
weHMfI maBHoKoMaHAYIOL.lIero C npeMbep-MMHM-
CTpOM eL.lle 60Ilbwe YXYAWMIlMCb nOCIle ompaBKM
OKMHIleKoM 50- nexoTHo AMBM3MM (6pMTaHcKo
AMBM3MM) Ha KMnp, M 3TO B TO BpeMfI, KorAa AOMM-
HMOHbl >KaJlOBaJlMCb Ha TO, YTO OHM B OAMHOyeCTBe
BeAYT 60pb6y C BparoM, M Tpe60BaJlM ompaBKM AO-
nOIlHMTeIlbHblX BO CK B ErMneT. OKMHIleK npMWeJl
B flpOCTb OT BMewaTeIlbCTBa LJepYMIlIlfi B BonpOCbl,
HaXOAflL.lIMeCfI nOIlHOCTblO B KOMneTeH,-\MM maBHO-
KOMaHAYIOL.lIero, M, MMefi 3a CBOMMM nIleyaMM nOA-
Aep>KKY maBHOKOMaHAYIOL.lIMX aBMa,-\Me M BoeHHO-
MOpCKMM cpIlOTOM Ha 6IlM>KHeM BOCTOKe (KaHHMHr-
X3Ma M TeAAepa), 3aflBMIl, YTO paHbwe 1 HOfl6pfl
HayaTb HacTynJleHMe npocTo HeB03MO>KHO. 6YAYYM
Bbl3BaHHbiM B KOH,-\e MIOIlfi B nOHAoH, OH CYMeIl He
nOAAaTbCfI AaBIleHMIO LJepYMIlIlfi. B KOH,-\e 6YPHO
npOXOAflL.lIe BCTpeYM npeMbep-MMHMCTp BbIHY>K-
AeH 6blIl YCTynll1Tb Tpe60BaHMflM cpeIlbAMapWaJla.
KaK nMweT 6apHeTT: «TaKMM 06pa30M, Y>Ke Yepe3
MeCfI,-\ LJepYMIlIlb 6blIl pa30yapOBaH B CBoeM npo-
87
Te>Ke, KaK M B «YyeHMKe BOIlWe6HMKa», TOT HaYaJl
>KMTb CaMOCTOfiTeIlbHO >KM3HblO, BMeCTO TOrO YTO-
6bl 6eCnpeKOCIlOBHO nOAYMHflTbCfI YKa3aHMflM npe-
Mbep-MMHMCTpa» 42.
POJK,/:leHHe BOCbMOH apMHH
Bce 3TM TpeHMfI He 3aCTaBMIlM OKMHIleKa OTKa-
3aTbCfI OT OCYL.lIeCTBIleHMfI cBoero nIlaHa. OH CTaJl
nOAblCKMBaTb KOMaHAylOL.lIerO AIlfi HOBOLl1 apMMM,
pO>KAaBWe CfI B nYCTblHe, - BOCbMO apMMM. Ee
cpOpMMpOBaHMe HaYaJlOCb npfiMO B MIOIle - aBryc-
Te 1941 roM M3 OCTaTKOB 3anaAHbix CMIl nYCTblHM
M nOApa3AeIleHM , ompaBIleHHblx B ErMneT. II1rHo-
PMpYfI >KeIlaHMe LJepYII1IlIlfl, KOTOpbl XOTeIl 6bl BM-
AeTb Ha 3TOM nocTY reHepaIla c3pa Me meHAa
YMIlcoHa, OKMHIleK B KOH,-\e KOH,-\OB OCTaHOBMIl
CBO Bbl60p Ha reHepaIle c3pe AIlaHe rOPAoHe
KaHHMHrx3Me. POAMBWM CfI B 1884 roAY KaHHMHr-
X3M 6blIl 6paToM aAMMpaJla KaHHMHrx3Ma, KOMaH-
AOBaBwero B TO BpeMfi CpeAM3eMHOMopCKMM cpIlO-
TOM. Ha onMCblBaeMbl MOMeHT OH nOYMBaJl Ha IlaB-
pax nOCIle npeKpaCHO npOBeAeHHO A6MCCMHCKO
KaMnaHMM, BO BpeMfi KOTOpO pa36MIl MT8JlbflHCKMe
BO CKa B A6MCCMHMM (cpeBpaJlb - anpeIlb 1941 ro-
M). « Bbl6paIl KaHHMHrx3Ma, - nMcaIl BnocIleA-
CTBMM OKMHIleK, - TaK KaK Ha MeHfI npoM3BeIla
BneyameHMe 6blcTpafl M pewMTeIlbHafi KaMnaHMfI
B A6MCCMHMM M ero CKIlOHHOCTb K 6blCTpblM MO-
6MIlbHbiM Ae cTBMflM. XOTeIl OTOLl1TM OT TOLl1 MAeM,
KOTopafl, noxo>Ke, AOMMHMpOBaJla B TO BpeMfI: Aep-
>KaTbCfI 6eperoBo IlMHMM. MHe HY>KHO 6b1Il0, YT06bl
BO CKa MornM 6blCTpO M CB060AHO 3aXOAMTb BO
cpnaHrM npOTMBHMKa M nepepe3aTb ero IlMHMM KOM-
MYHMKa,-\MM,,43.
KaHHMHrx3M npM6blIl B ErMneT B aBrycTe 1941
roAa M HayaIl Bce C caMoro HaYaJla: opraHM3a,-\MfI
apMMM, ee nOAroToBKa, nIlaHMpOBaHMe HacTynIle-
HMfI, ,/J.1lfl YeIlOBeKa, He MMeBwero onblTa BO Hbl B
nYCTblHe M He 3HaBwero TaHKOBO BO Hbl, 3TO 6bl-
Ila HenOMepHafi 3aAaya. OKPY>KeHHOMY ocpM,-\epa-
MM, XopOWO 3HaKOMblMM C YCIlOBMflMM nYCTblHM,
eMY npMWIlOCb nOTpaTMTb HeMaIlO YCMIlM , YT06bl
3aBoeBaTb Y HMX aBTopMTeT. Y KaHHMHrX3Ma He
CIlO>KMIlMCb OTHoweHMfI C HaY8JlbHMKOM wTa6a re-
Hep8JlOM r3JlIlOY3 eM, KOTOpbl MMeIl OyeHb rpy-
6bl M HeY>KMBYMBbl xapaKTep M nOCTOflHHO Hano-
MMHaIl KOMaHAYIOL.lIeMY 06 OTCYTCTBMM OnblTa. Ho
AIlfi KaHHMHrx3Ma CIlO>KMIlaCb OyeHb 6IlaronpMflT-
Hafl cMTya,-\MfI: B03pOCWM BblnycK aMepMKaHcKo
M 6pMTaHcKo BoeHHo npoAYK,-\MM n03BOIlMIl eMY
nOIlyyaTb B AOCTaTOYHOM KOIlMyeCTBe HOBoe BO-
oPY>KeHMe (TaHKM, aBToM06MIlM, caMOIleTbl). 1113-
6paB 60Ilee AIlMHHbl , HO nOIlHOCTblO 6e30naCHbl
MapwpYT Yepe3 MblC A06po HaAe>KAbl, KOHBOM
nOWIlM HenpepblBHblM nOTOKOM. CYAa pa3rpY>Ka-
IlMCb B nopTY CY3,-\a, M rpY3 nepenpaBIlflIlCfI B 3a-
naAHbl ErMneT. TaKoe M306MIlMe BOOPY>KeHMfI no-
Morno nOAHflTb cpeAM 60 ,-\OB BOCbMO apMMM,
3aHflTbiX M3yyeHMeM caMO nOCIleAHe TeXHMKM,
YBepeHHOCTb M 3HTy3Ma3M. C HaYaJla IleTa TaK>Ke
npOBOAMIlMCb MeponpMflTMfI no nOAroToBKe BO CK
M opraHM3a,-\MM IlMHM cHa6>KeHMfI AIlfi nOApa3Ae-
IleHM , AMCIlO,-\MpOBaHHbIX nocpeAM nYCTbIHM. Ha
6a3ax 6blIlM C03MHbi CKJlaAbl BOOPY>KeHMfI, CHapfl-
>KeHMfI M npOAOBOIlbCTBMfI, npMBeAeHbl B nopfiAOK
Bce MCTOYHMKM BOAbl, npOTflHYT BOAonpOBOA OT
AIleKcaHAPMM AO MeCTa, pacnOnO>KeHHoro B COTHM
KMIlOMeTpax Ha 3anaA OT Mepca-MaTPYX. Pa OH
Mepca-MaTPYX 6blIl coeAMHeH >KeIle3HOAOpO>KHO
BeTKO C 6Mp-MMwe cpo (40 KMIloMeTpoB IO>KHee
CMAM-6appaHM). 3a HeCKOIlbKO HeAeIlb AO HaYaJla
HacTynIleHMfI 3Ta BeTKa M HOBbl BOAonpoBoA 6blIlM
npoTflHYTbl AO CocpacpM, a orpoMHoe KOIlMyeCTBO
aMYHM,-\MM, 60enpMnacoB M npoAoBoIlbCTBMfI BblBe-
3eHO K IlMBM CKO rpaHM,-\e. Bce IleTO 1941 roAa
erMneTCKafi nycTblHfI cIlY>KMIla MeCTOM aKTMBHblX
Ae CTBM . OAMH M3 BoeHHblX KoppecnoHAeHToB TO-
ro BpeMeHM co06L.l1aJl: "BcfI nMBMfI 3anOIlHeHa Ha-
WMMM Bo cKaMM. Bce 3TO npeAcTaBIlfieT B03Bbl-
weHHoe 3peIlML.lIe. nOBCIOAY B036Y>KAeHHble IlM,-\a:
KOMaHAMpbl KOHBoeB CMAfiT Ha rpY30BMKax, KaK
3aropeIlbie 60rM, - MX COIlHeYHble KOMnaCbl no-
Ka3blBalOT YepHblM OCTpOKOHeYHblM cepe6poM Ha
HeM,-\eB; Me>KAY 3anb1IleHHb1MM, pacKaIleHHblMM
cOIlH,-\eM rpy30BMKaMM CHYIOT Kypbepbl, ocpM,-\epbl
CMAfiT rpynnaMM, CMOTpflT KapTbl M YMTalOT nOIlY-
yeHHble npMKa3bl; neXOTa norPY>KeHa Ha rpY30BM-
KM, M Bce >KAYT, >KJWT, >KAYT; paCyeXJleHHble 0pYAMfi
KaTflTCfI CKB03b nexoTY Ha cpIlaHrM B BeIlMyeCTBeH-
HOM 6e3pa3IlMYMM».
K HayaIlY ceHTfl6pfl B ErMneT npM6blIla OCHOB-
Hafl yaCTb nOApa3AeIleHM , npMnMcaHHblx K BOCb-
MO apMMM. OHM HeMeAIleHHO npOXOAMIlM 06yyeHMe
M ompaBIlflIlMCb Ha IlMBM CKYIO rpaHM,-\Y. 9 ceHTfl6-
pfl KaHHMHrx3M nOKMHYIl KaMp M pa3MeCTMIl CBOIO
wTa6-KBapTMPY nocpeAM nycTblHM. K KOH,-\Y MecfI,-\a
B ero paCnOpfl>KeHMM 6blIlM YeTblpe neXOTHbie AM-
BM3MM (BKJllOyafl ABe MOTOpM3MpoBaHHble), ABe ne-
XOTHble 6pMraAbl, OAHa 6poHeTaHKoBafi AMBM3MfI M
OAHa 6pMraAa neXOTHblX TaHKOB, B 06L.l1e CIlO>K-
HOCTM 118 000 YeIlOBeK, BKJllOyafl 75 000 AMCIlO,-\M-
pOBaHHbix Ha IlMBMLI1CKO rpaHM,-\e. Ha IleBOM cpIlaH-
88
re CBOe AMCn03M,-\MM KaHHMHrX3M pa3MeCTMIl XXX
KopnyC. HaXOAfiCb nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepana
YMIlyr6M HOppM, KOMaHAMpa 1- 6pOHeTaHKOBO
AMBM3MM, nepeBeAeHHoro B AcppMKy44, 3TOT Kopnyc
COCTaBIlflIl rIlaBHble 6pOHeTaHKOBbie CMIlbl BOCb-
MO apMMM: 7-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafi AMBM3MfI (noA KO-
MaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla B.X.E. rOTIa), 06beAMHeH-
Hafl C 7 - rpynno nOAAep>KKM (noA KOMaHAOBaHM-
eM 6pMraAMpa ,Q>K. KeMn6eJlIla) M 7 - M 22-
6poHeTaHKoBblMM 6pMraAaMM (noA KOMaHAOBaHM-
eM 6pMraAMpOB ,QeBM M CKoTIa-KoK6eHa), 4- 6po-
HeTaHKOBO 6pMraAO (nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM 6pM-
raAMpa re TxaY3a), 1-fllO>KHoacppMKaHCKafi neXOT-
Hafl AMBM3MfI (nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepana r.E.
6pMHKca) M 22-afl rBapAe CKafi 6pMraAa (MOTOpM-
3MpOBaHHafi neXOTa nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepana
,Q>K. C. MapMOTa). Ha npaBOM cpIlaHre AMCIlO,-\MpO-
BaIlCfI XIII Kopnyc, KOTOpblM KOMaHAOBaJl reHepan
rOABII1H-OCTMH, 6bIBWM KOMaHAMp 12- IO>KHoacp-
pMKaHCKO neXOTHO AMBM3MM, Cpa>KaBWM CfI nOA
KOMaHAOBaHMeM KaHHMHrX3Ma B A6MCCMHMM. B
3TOT Kopnyc BXOAMIlM 4-fI MHAM CKafi neXOTHafi AM-
BM3MfI (nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIla <D.B. Mec-
cepBM), YCMIleHHafi 5- , 7 - M 11- neXOTHblMM 6pM-
raAaMM, 1-fI HOB03eIlaHAcKafi neXOTHafi AMBM3MfI
(noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla c3pa <Dpa 6epra),
06beAMHeHHafi C 4- , 5- M 6- neXOTHblMM 6pMra-
AaMM, M 1-fI 6pMraAa apMe cKMx TaHKoB 45 (noA KO-
MaHAoBaHMeM 6pMraAMpa YOTKMHca). BA06aBoK K
3TOMY MMeIlMCb Bo cKa, AMCIlo,-\MpoBaHHble B oa-
3Mce (29-fI MHAM cKafi neXOTHafi 6pMraAa (noA KO-
MaHAoBaHMeM reHepaJla ,Q.B. Pe Aa) M 6- IO>KHO-
acppMKaHCKM pa3BeAblBaTeIlbHbl nOIlK), a TaK>Ke
rapHM30H T06pYKa. nOCIleAHM , HaXOAflCb nOA KO-
MaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla CK06M, COCTOflIl M3 70-
nexoTHo AMBM3MM, BKJlIOYaBWe B ce6f1 14-10, 16-10
M 23-10 neXOTHbie 6pMraAbl. a TaK>Ke 32-10 6pMraAY
apMe cKMx TaHKOB (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM 6pMraAM-
pa YMIlcoHa)46 M 1-10 nOIlbcKYIO KapnaTcKYIO 6pM-
raAY (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla KonaHcKM).
Y KOMaHAYIOL.lIero BOCbMO apMMe BA06aBoK KO
BceMY 3TOMY 6blIl pe3epB, COCTOflL.llM M3 2- IO>K-
HoacppMKaHcKo nexoTHo AMBM3MM (noA KOMaHAo-
BaHMeM reHepaJla lI1.n. Ae BMIlbflpca), BKJlIOYaBWe
B ce6f1 3-10 M 6-10 neXOTHbie 6pMraAbl, 6pMraAbi
cppaH,-\Y3cKoro ConpoTMBIleHMfI M HeCKOIlbKO 6aTa-
IlbOHOB yeWCKMX, rpeyeCKMX M aBcTpM CKMX A06-
pOBoIlb,-\eB.
Bce 3TM Bo cKa nOAAep>KMBaJlMCb C B03Ayxa
BoeHHo-B03AYWHbIMM CMIlaMI--1 3anaAHo nycTblHM,
MMeBWMMM B CBoeM paCnOpfl>KeHMM 27 3CKaAPMJlM
(14 MCTpe6MTeIlbHblx, 2 MCTpe6MTeIle AaIlbHero
paAMyca Ae cTBM , 8 cpeAHMx 60M6apAMpOBL.lIM-
KOB M 3 3cKaAPMIlbM TaKTMYeCKO pa3BeAKM). OHM
>Ke OCYL.lIeCTBnflJlM B03AYWHoe Ha6IllOAeHMe M naT-
PYIlMpOBaHMe AIlfi CTpaTerMYeCKO pa3BeAKM.
Co CK1laAaMM cHa6>KeHMfI, pa3MeL.lleHHblMM no
Bce AIlMHe 3TO paCTflHYTO IlMHMM, C XopOWO Ha-
Ila>KeHHO CMCTeMO A03anpaBKM M OTIlMYHblM B03-
AYWHblM npMKpblTMeM BOCbMafi apMMfI MMeJla ce-
pbe3Hbie npeMMYL.lIeCTBa. Oc06eHHO OTMeTMM BHY-
WMTeIlbHoe YMCIlO TaHKOB, HaXOAMBWMXCfI B ee
paCnOpfl>KeHMM: 724, He CYMTafi IlerKMX TaHKOB, B
3TO YMCIlO BXOAMIlM 201 TfI>KeIl06pOHMpoBaHHbl
TaHK I M 523 TaHKa TMna «KpY3e Aep» pa3IlMYHbiX
MOAMcpMKa,-\M . Ho B 60IlbwMHcTBe cIlyyaeB Kaye-
CTBO 3TMX TaHKOB OCTaBIlflIlO >KeIlaTb IlYYWero: OHM
MMeIlM 60Ilee cIla6ylO 6pOHIO M YCTynaJlM B CKOpO-
CTM CBOMM HeMe,-\KMM conepHMKaM (III M IV). 7-fI
6poHeTaHKoBafi AMBM3MfI (7 - rycapcKM M 2- M 6-
KopoIleBcKMe TaHKM), HanpMMep, MMeIla 168 TaH-
KOB, B TOM YMCIle 71 CTapbl «KpY3e Aep» A-13, 71
60Ilee cOBpeMeHHbl A-15 M 26 YCTapeBwMx A-1 O.
22-fI rBapAe cKafi 6pMraAa MMeIla 158 «KpY3e Ae-
pOB», HO MX 3KMna>KM 6blIlM nIlOXO 06yyeHbl. 4-fI
6pOHeTaHKOBafi 6pMraAa HaCYMTblBaJla 165 TaHKOB
«CTlOapA» aMepMKaHcKoro npoM3BoAcTBa, HO pa-
AMyC Ae cTBMfI 3TMX TaHKOB OrpaHMYMBaIlCfI 65 KM-
IloMeTpaMM, YTO c03AaBaIlo cepbe3Hbie TaKTMye-
CKMe TPYAHOCTM. 60Ile TOro, nOAroToBKa TaHKOBblX
3KMna>Ke npepblBanacb M3-3a TeXHMyeCKMX Heno-
IlaAOK C pe3MHo Ha ryceHI--1,-\ax. B XIII Kopnyce 1-fI
TaHKOBafi 6pMraAa COCTOflIla M3 132 TaHKOB TMna
«BaJleHTa H» M TfI>KeIlbiX TaHKOB «MaTMIlbAa» Mk I.
\11 HaKOHe,-\, B T06pYKe 1- , 4- M 7- KopoIleBcKMe
TaHKM MMeIlM Ha BoopY>KeHMM 69 «MaTMIlbA».
Pa3pa6oTKa nnaHa HacTynneHHR
nIlaH, pa3pa60TaHHbl cpeIlbAMapWaJlOM OKMH-
neKOM M reHepaIloM KaHHMHrx3MoM, COCTOflIl M3
ABYX 3TanOB: B03BpaL.lleHMe KMpeHaMKM (onepa-
,-\MfI «KpecToHoce,-\»), a 3aTeM, eCIlM CIlO>KaTCfI
6IlaronpMflTHbie 06CTOfiTeIlbCTBa, TO M Bce TpM-
nOIlMTaHMM (onepa,-\MfI «AKp06aT»). B nIlaHe
«KpeCTOHoc,-\a» He 6blJlO HMyerO npMMeyaTeJlb-
Horo: OH pa3pa6aTbiBaIlCfI C yyeTOM MeCTHblX yc-
IlOBM M IlaHAwacpTa. rIlaBHYIO aTaKY AOIl>KeH 6blIl
npoBeCTM XXX Kopnyc, y KOToporo Ha oCTpMe Ha-
cTynJleHMfI 6blJla nOCTaBIleHa 7 -fl 6poHeTaHKoBafi
AMBM3MfI. 3Ta AMBM3MfI, npMKpblBaeMafi Ha CBoeM
npaBoM (ceBepHoM) cpIlaHre 4- TaHKoBo 6pMra-
89
AO , Ha 3anaAHOM M IOro-3anaAHOM cpJlaHraX 1-
IO>KHOacppMKaHCKO neXOTHO AMBM3Me M 22-
rBapAe CKO TaHKOBO 6pMraAO B TbIJlY, ABMHeTCfI
BAOnb TpMrx-3nb-A6Aa no HanpaBJleHMIO K ra6p-
CaIlex, YT06bl OTpe3aTb HeMe,-\KMe M MT8JlbflHCKMe
yaCTM, CTOflL.llMe Ha 060pOHMTeIlbHOM Py6e>Ke 3c-
COIlIlYM - X8Jlbcpa fI. nOCIle 3Toro OHa HanpaB-
IlflJlaCb K T06PYKY M coeAMHflIlaCb C OCa>KAeHHbIM
rapHM30HOM. B TO >Ke caMoe BpeMfi Ha IleBOM
cpIlaHre (XIII Kopnyc) 4-fI MHAM CKafi AMBM3MfI CBfI-
>KeT MTaJlbflHCKMe M HeMe,-\KMe CMIlbl B 3C-COIlIlYMe
M X8Jlbcpa e. KaK TonbKO 6YAeT CHfiTa OCaAa T06-
PYKa M BblBeAeHbl M3 CTpOfi 6poHeTaHKoBbie CMIlbl
POMMeJlfl, XXX Kopnyc YCTpeMMTcfI Ha 3anaA Yepe3
nycTblHIO K MexMIlM, a neXOTa BAOIlb 6epera Hanpa-
BMTCfI K ,QepHe. no nnaHy KaHHMHrx3Ma B nepBble
AHM HacTynIleHMfI AOIl>KHa 6blJla oCYL.lIeCTBMTbCfI M
BTopafl aTaKa nOApa3AeIleHMflMM, 6a3MpYlOL.lIMMMCfI
B IO>KHbIX oa3Mcax (rMapa6y6 M CMBa). OHM AOJl>K-
Hbl 6blJlM ABMHYTbCfI Ha rMaJlO M nocTapaTbcfI OT-
pe3aTb KOMMYHMKa,-\MM BAOIlb BMa 68Jlb60 B pa o-
He AreAa6MM. \11 HaKOHe,-\, nIlaHMpOB8JlaCb AMBep-
CMOHHafi onepa,-\MfI, HanpaBneHHafi npOTMB
wTa6-KBapTMpbl POMMeJlfl, YT06bl pa3 M HaBcerAa
M3rHaTb ero M3 3TOro pa OHa47
C 1Tya SI B repMaHO- 1TanbSlHCKOM
COt03e
nepeMeHbl S KOMaH,/:lHOM COCTase
H C03,/:laHHe 6pOHeTBHKOSOH rpynnbl
«AcppHKa»
12 MIOJlfl maBHoKoMaHAYIOL.lIM BoopY>KeHHbIMM
CMIlaMM B CeBepHo AcppMKe cpeJlbAMapW8Jl rapM-
6aIlbAM, cMeHMBwM yweAwero B cpeBp8Jle 1941
roAa B oTcTaBKY rpa,-\MaHM, 6blJl 3aMeHeH cpeIlb.l:\-
MapwaIloM 3TOppe 6acTMKo. ,QPyr MYCCOIlMHH,
6acTMKo, KOTOpOro POMMeIlb np03B8Jl 60M6acTM-
KO, pOAMIlCfI B 1876 roAY. OH OTJlMYMJlCfI B 1936
roAY B 60flx B 3pMTpee, a BO BpeMfi rpa>KAaHCKO
BO Hbl B II1cnaHMM KOMaHAOB8Jl KopnycoM MTaJlbflH-
CKMX A06poBoIlb,-\eB. B 1939-1940 roAax, 6YAYYM
nOMOL.llHMKOM KOMaHAMpa apMMM, OH CAeIlaJl ce6e
MMfI, npeKpaTMB 3noynoTpe6neHMfI M TeM caMblM
nOAHflB MaTepM8JlbHbl M nOTeH,-\M8JlbHbl pecypc
CBOMX nOApa3AeIleHM . BJlflflCb KOMaHAMpoM
BO CK Ha 3re CKOM Mope, a C AeKa6pfl 1940 roAa
KOMeHAaHToM ,QoAeKaHeccKMx OCTpOBOB, 6acTMKo
3aBOeB8Jl penYTa,-\MIO OTJlMYHOro npocpeccMOH8Jla,
yeCTHoro M naTpMOTMYHOro. OAHoBpeMeHHo C 3TMM
OH 6blJl OyeHb HeY>KMBYMBbIM (comacHo,Q. \I1pBMH-
ry «CIlMWKOM aBTOKpaTMyeH M rpy6»), YTO HM B KO-
e Mepe He cnoc06CTBOB8Jl0 YIlYYWeHMIO ero OTHO-
weHM C POMMeIleM.
npaKTMyeCKM Y>Ke B MIOIle y POMMeIlfi C 6aCTM-
KO 6blJlM 60IlbWMe pa3HomaCMfI no nOBoAy B3f1TMfI
T06pYKa. HaXOAfiCb Ha rpe6He CJlaBbl nOCIle no-
CIleAHe n06eAbl, KOMaHAMp repMaHCKoro AcppM-
KaHcKoro Kopnyca, YCTaBWM OT MT8JlbflHCKOro BbIC-
wero BoeHHoro KOMaHAOBaHMfI, c06MpaJlCfI npOBec-
TM 3Ty onepa,-\MIO 6e3 nOCTopoHHero BMewaTeIlbCTBa.
TaKafi TOYKa 3peHMfI pa3Apa>KaJla MT8JlbflHCKOe KO-
MaHAOBaHMe, HaMepeBaBweeCfI TBepAO Aep>KaTb
CBOM nOApa3AeneHMfI B C06CTBeHHbiX pYKax (OCO-
6eHHO 3TO OTHOCMJlOCb K 6pOHeTaHKOBbiM nOApa3-
AeIleHMflM), OHO He XOTeJlO n03BonflTb KOMY-TO npo-
BOAMTb onepa,-\MM Ha TeppMTopMM, npMHaAIle>Ka-
L.lIe MCKJlIOYMTeJlbHO II1T8JlMM.
28 MIOI1S1 POMMeIlb BblJleTeIl M3 AcppMKM B pe x,
rAe BCTpeTMIlcfI C rMTJlepOM, KOTOpbl n03ApaBMIl
ero C n06eAo M no06eL.llaJl npMCJlaTb nOAKpenne-
HMe AIlfi 6IlOKaAbi T06pYKa. Ha 06paTHoM nYTM KO-
MaHAlI1p repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca Ha-
Hec BM3MT MYCCOJlMHM M MT8JlbflHCKOMY BepXOBHO-
MY maBHOKoMaHAylOL.lIeMY reHepaJlY KaB8Jlbepo.
OH CYMeIl y6eAMTb 3TMX ABYX yeIlOBeK, npeAnOYM-
TaBWMX YCTaHOBMTb HOBYIO IlMHMIO 060pOHbi K 3a-
naAY OT T06pYKa, YAep>KMBaTb 3aHflTbie n03M,-\MM
Ha erMneTCKO rpaHM,-\e M KaK MO>KHO CKopee op-
raHM30BaTb HOBbl WTYPM KpenOCTM. BCTpeya, Ha
KOTOpO 6blJla orOBopeHa pOIlb Ka>KAOrO B npeA-
CTOflL.lle onepa,-\MM, COCTOflIlaCb B CMpeHe 8 aB-
rycTa 1941 rOAa, M TPM ee yYaCTHMKa, POMMeIlb,
6acTMKo M repMaHcKM BoeHHbl aTTawe B PMMe
reHep8Jl-Ile TeHaHT cpOH PMHTeIleH, comaCMIlMCb,
YTO Bce HeMe,-\KMe M MTaJlbflHCKMe nOApa3AeJleHMfI
(repMaHcKM AcppMKaHcKM Kopnyc M XXI MTaIlb-
flHCKM Kopnyc), AMCJlo,-\MpoBaHHble K BOCTOKY OT
JlMHMM, npOXOAflL.lIe Yepe3 A H-3Jlb-ra3aJlY, nepe-
XOAfiT nOA KOMaHAoBaHMe POMMenfi. KOMaHAYIO-
L.lIMM MT8JlbflHCKMM M06MJlbHbiM pe3epBoM (<<Kopno
A' ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa») Ha3HaY8JlCfI reHepaJl raM-
6apa. HaXOAflL.lIM CfI B HenOCpeACTBeHHOM nOAYM-
HeHMM 6aCTMKo, 3TOT MOTOpM3MpoBaHHbl Kopnyc
COCTOflIl M3 6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3MM «ApMeTTa»,
MOTOpM3MpoBaHHo AMBM3MM «TpeHTO», a TaK>Ke C
ceHTfl6pfl nexoTHo AMBM3MM «TpMecT» M pa3IlMY-
HblX oTAeIlbHblx caMOCTOfiTenbHblX nOApa3AeIle-
HM . no peweHMlO, npMHflTOMY B CMpeHe, repMaH-
CKoe BepxoBHoe maBHoKoMaHAoBaHMe AOIl>KHO
90
6blIlO C03AaTb 15 aBrycTa HOBoe CPOpMMpoBaHMe,
KOTopoe BKJlIOYaJlO 6bl B ce6f1 Bce nOApa3AeJleHMfI,
OKa3aBWMeCfI nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM POMMeIlfi. Ta-
KMM nOApa3AeIleHMeM CTaJla 6poHeTaHKoBafi rpyn-
na ccAcppMKa». C 18 aBrycTa B Hee BOWIlM Bce BO -
CKa, CTOflL.llMe K BOCTOKY OT A H-3Ilb-ra3aIlbl, -
repMaHcKM AcppMKaHcKM Kopnyc M MTaIlbflHcKM
XXI Kopnyc.
LJepHMIla Ha nOAnMcM comaweHMfI B CMpeHe
eL.lle He ycneJlM BblCOXHYTb, a POMMeIlb Y>Ke HaY811
ero ocnapMBaTb. B HayaJle ceHTfl6pfl KOMaHAMp
6pOHeTaHKoBo rpynnblnoTpe60B811,YT06bIAMBM-
3MM ccApMeTTa», ccTpeHTO» M ccTpMeCT» 6blIlM OTAa-
Hbl nOA ero KOMaHAOBaHMe, a TaK>Ke HaYaJl HaCTa-
MBaTb Ha nOAYMHeHMM Bce KaK repMaHCKO , TaK M
MT811bflHCKO apTMJlJlepMM nOA T06pYKOM HeMe,-\KO-
MY reHepany KapIlY 6eTXepy48, TOIlbKO YTO npM-
6blBweMY M3 repMaHMM. II1Aefl POMMeIlfi 3aKJllOya-
IlaCb B CIleAYIOL.lIeM: 06beAMHeHHble CMIlbl, COCTOfl-
L.lIMe M3 15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM, AMBM3MM
ccAcppMKa» M AByx MTaJlbflHCKMX AMBM3M ccApMeT-
Ta» M ccTpeHTO», WTYPMylOT T06pYK, a 21-fl6pOHe-
TaHKOBafi AMBM3MfI M AMBM3MfI ccTpMeCT» COCTaBnfl-
lOT CTpaTerMYeCKM pe3epB, npeAHa3HaYeHHbl AIlfi
TOro, YT06bl OCTaHOBMTb Il106ylO 6pMTaHCKYIO aTaKY.
6aCTMKO XOTeIl YAep>KaTb B CBOMX pYKax ccKopno
A'ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa». no MHeHMIO MTaJlbflHCKOro
cpeIlbAMapW811a, TOIlbKO OH Mor OCTaHOBMTb 6pM-
TaHCKYIO aTaKY Ha T06pYK, n03ToMY 6acTMKo OT-
KJlOHMIl npeAIlO>KeHMe POMMeIlfi.
OnepBLlHR «COH B neTH1010 HOLlb"
nOKa WIlM ToprM 0 TOM, KOMY yeM KOMaHAO-
BaTb, a ocpM,-\epbl wTa60B nOArOTaBIlMB811M nJlaH
WTypMa T06pYKa, POMMeIlb peWMIl AIlfi nOAHflTMfI
Ayxa B CBOMX BO CKax opraHM30BaTb pe A B ErM-
neT. 3Ta onepa,-\MfI nOA KOAOBblM Ha3BaHMeM ccCOH
B IleTHlO1O HOYb» 6blIla nopyyeHa 21- 6poHeTaHKo-
BO AMBM3MM. 3aAaYe onepa,-\MM flBIlflIlMCb 3aXBaT
M yHMYTO>KeHMe cKJlaAa 60enpMnacoB, HaXOAflL.lIe-
roCfI B ABaA,-\aTM KMIloMeTpax OT IlMBM CKO rpaHM-
,-\bl. 14 ceHTSl6pSl 1941 rOAa, comaCHO pa3pa60-
TaHHoMY nIlaHy, TPM KOIlOHHbl TaHKOB M nycTblx rpy-
30BMKOB AIlfi BblB03a TpocpeeB nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM
reHepaJl-Ma Opa cpOH PaBeHwTe Ha nepeceKIlM
npOBOJlOYHOe 3arpa>KAeHMe Ha erMneTcKo rpaHM-
,-\e. no npMKa3Y POMMeIlfi rpY30BMKM TaL.llMIlM no
3eMJle 3a c060 npMBfl3aHHbie 6peBHa, YT06bl nOA-
HflTb 60Ilbwoe 06naKo nblIlM M c03,[\aTb BMAMMOCTb
MaCCMpOBaHHO aTaKM. B TO >Ke CaMoe BpeMfi nOA-
pa3AeJleHMe pa3BeAKM, ABMrafiCb BAOIlb rpaHM,-\bl,
nepeA8110 PfiA C006L.l1eHM C ,-\eJlblO C03,[\aTb BMAM-
MOCTb WMpOKOMacwTa6Horo HaCTYnIleHMR Bce TPM
KOJlOHHbl, BoweAwMe B ErMneT no OTAeIlbHOCTM, He
BCTpeTMIlM HMKaKoro conpOTMBIleHMfl 49 , n03>Ke OHM
coeAMHMIlMCb B YCJlOBneHHO TOYKe. TaM, K CBoeMY
YAMBIleHMIO, OHM BCTpeTMIlM POMMeIlfl, KOTOpbl
cnOKO HO npoweIl BnepeA Ha CBoeM ccMaMOHTe»50!
3aTeM TaHKM B TeyeHMe Tpex yaCOB npOyeCblBaIlM
nYCTbIHIO, HO CK1laAa TaK M He HaWJlM. B 15 yaCOB
55 MMHYT HeO>KMAaHHO nOflBMIlOCb HeCKOIlbKO ca-
MOIleTOB 6pMTaHcKoro KopoIleBcKoro BoeHHO-B03-
AywHoro cpIloTa. ABa 6eH30B03a 6blJlM nOA6MTbi M
B30pB811MCb. norM6Jlo weCTb yeIlOBeK M3 5-ro TaH-
KOBoro nOIlKa, M nOTepflHO ABa TaHKa. ccMaMOHT»
POMMeIlfi 6blJl cepbe3HO nOBpe>KAeH, a BOAMTeJlb
paHeH. POMMeIlb npMKa3811 oTcTynMTb. \11 KaK pa3
nOCJle 3TOro B OAHO M3 6pMTaHCKMX pa36MTbiX Ma-
WMH 6blJl Ha AeH Ype3BbIYa HO Ba>KHbl AOKYMeHT,
KOTOpbl COAep>K811 nJlaH 60eBbix Ae CTBM BOCb-
MO apMMM. AOKYMeHT CBMAeTeJlbCTBOBaJl 0 Hero-
TOBHOCTM 6pMTaH,-\eB K HacTynJleHMIO. Ho POMMeIlb
He 3H811, YTO 3Ta Ae3MHcpopMa,-\MfI 6blJla cne,-\MaJlb-
HO nOA6poweHa ocpM,-\epaMM 6pMTaHCKO pa3BeA-
KM! BepHYBWMCb B nMBMIO, POMMeJlb HeMeAIleHHO
c06paIl CBO wTa6 M 06bflBMIl 0 CBoeM ccOTKpbl-
TMM». ccHawa BblJla3Ka YeTblpHaA,-\aToro YMCJla,-
CKa3aJl OH, - AaIla HaM OAHO: y npOTMBHMKa HeT
HaMepeHMfI HacTynaTb. 3TO 3HaYMT, YTO B 6JlM>Ka -
WMe HeAeIlM MJlM MeCfI,-\bl HMKaKoro HacTynIleHMfI
He O>KMAaeTCfI...»
POMMenb rOTOBHTCR
K WTypMY To6PYKB
nOKa POMMeIlb y6e>KA811 B cBoe npaBoTe KO-
MaHAMpoB, B PMMe 15 ceHTfl6pfl COCTOflIlOCb eL.lle
OAHO COBeL.llaHMe. Ha HeM npMCYTCTBOBaIlM reHe-
paJl KaB811bepo, reHep811 raM6apa, reHepaJl-Jle -
TeHaHT cpOH PMHTeJleH M HOBbl HaY811bHMK wTa6a
POMMeIlfi reHep811-Ma op rayc 51 . Bo BpeMfi 3TOro
COBeL.llaHMfI MT811bflH,-\bl YTBep>KAaJlM: WTypMOBaTb
T06pYK CIlMWKOM paHO, AIlfi 3Toro HaAO yCMIlMTb
n03M,-\MM, YT06bl MCKJlIOYMTb pMCK 6pMTaHcKoro YA8-
pa B TblIl HeMe,-\KMM M MT811bflHCKMM CMIlaM BO Bpe-
Mfl wTYPMa ropoAa. HeM,-\bl, npOMHcpopMMpOBaH-
Hble 06 ccOTKpbITMM» POMMeIlfl, 3aBepflIlM, YTO n03M-
,-\MM 6pMTaH,-\eB CJlMWKOM CJla6bl M YTO WTypMoBaTb
ropoA HaAO MIlM ce Yac MIlM HMKorAa. B KOH,-\e co-
BeL.llaHMfI MTaJlbflH,-\bl npeAIlO>KMIlM HeM,-\aM npeAo-
CTaBMTb HOBbl nJlaH wTypMa T06pYKa.
91
10 OKTSl6pSl COCTOflJlOCb el..l\e OAHO COBel..l\aHMe,
Ha KOTOpOM POMMeIlb M 6acTMKo HaKOHe,-\- TO npM-
WIlM K COmaWeHMIO: WTYPM T06PYKa 6YAeT npOBO-
AII1TbCfI CMIlaMM 15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MII1, AM-
BM3MM «AcpPMKa» (repMaHCKM AcppMKaHCKII1 KOp-
nyc) M AMBII13111M «60IlOHbfl» (XXI KopnyC). 21-fI
6pOHeTaHKOBafi AMBII131.-1f1 B KayeCTBe M06MIlbHOrO
pe3epBa OCTaeTCfI B pa OHe 3C-COIlIlYMa. ,lJ.MBM3MfI
«TpeHTO» (MOTOpM3MpOBaHHafl), BblBeAeHHafi M3
«Kopno A'ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa» AIlfi 3aMeHbi AMBM-
3MM «naBMfI», M AMBM3MfI «6pewlI1f1» 3aHMMalOT
naCCMBHbl yyaCTOK cppOHTa B pa OHe T06pYKa, a
«Kopno A' ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa" BblABMraeTCfI B Ha-
npaBIleHMM K 6Mp-XaYe MY M 6Mp-3Ilb-r06M AIlfi
npOBeAeHMfI AII1BepCMOHHblX aK,-\M . 111 HaKOHe,-\,
Ae CTBMfI HeMe,-\KO M MTaIlbflHCKO apTII1IlIlepMM
(461 opYAMe, BKJllOyafl 168 MTaIlbflHCKMX M 89 He-
Me,-\KMX TfI>KeIlbiX OPYAII1 ) 6YAYT «KOOPAMHMpO-
BaTbCfI» reHepaIloM 6eTxepoM.
nOKa BeIlMCb Bce 3TM neperoBopbl, nOApa3Ae-
IleHMfI repMaHcKoro Acppll1KaHCKOro Kopnyca npo-
XOAMIlM MHTeHCMBHoe 06yYeHMe. npM 06yyeHMM
ynop AeIlaIlCfI Ha paCyeTbl 50-MMIlIlMMeTpoBbIX
npOTII1BOTaHKoBblX OPYAM 111 pa60TY paCyeTOB 88-
MMIlIlMMeTpoBblX OPYAM BO B3aMMoAe CTBII1M C
TaHKaMM M AIlfi 06eCneyeHMfI apTMIlIlepM cKo
nO,IJ.Qep>KKM. LJT06bl npll1KpblTb CBO TbIIl, POMMeJlb
npoM3BeIl neperpynnMpoBKY CBOMX CMIl Ha erMneT-
CKO rpaHM,-\e OT XaIlbcpa M AO CMAM-OMapa. 3a-
HfiTble AMBM3Me «CaBo fI» M 60eBo rpynno 6axa,
3TM n03M,-\MM 6blIlM YKpenIleHbl npoTMBoTaHKoBblMM
0PYAII1f1MII1 M TfI>KeIlO apTMIlIlepMe (3HaMeHMTbIMM
88-MII1IlIlMMeTpoBbIMII1 OPYAII1f1MM).
11 OKTSl6pSl POMMeIlb 06bflBMIl 0 HayaIle nOA-
rOTOBKM K HacTynaTeIlbHo onepa,-\MM «MMxaeIlb»,
ee ,-\eIlblO 6blIlO C>KMMaHMe KOJlb,-\a BOKpyr T06pYKa
111 nOAroToBKa xopowero nIlaL.J.QapMa AIlfi npbl>KKa
BnepeA. Bo BpeMfl3TO onepa,-\MII1 AMBM3MfI «TpeH-
TO», KaK M nIlaHMpOBaIlOCb paHbwe, 3aMeHflIla AM-
BM3MIO «naBMfI», KOTopafl BblXOAII1Ila Ha WTypMO-
Bble n03M,-\MM. 26 OKTfl6pfl KOMaHAMp 6poHeTaHKo-
BO rpynnbl Ha3HaYMIl AeHb HayaIla onepa,-\MM
Me>K,lJ,y 15 M 20 HOfl6pR YBepeHHbl B CBoeM nIlaHe
60eBbix Ae cTBM , POMMeIlb paCCYMTblBaIl, YTO
T06pYK naAeT B TeyeHMe Tpex AHe . Ero OnTMMM3M
YCMIlIl1IlCfI nOCIle nOIlyyeHHblX OT rll1TIlepa 3aBepe-
HM , YTO 6YAYT npMHflTbl 3HaYMTeIlbHbie YCMIlMfI AIlfi
06eCneyeHMfI 6e30nacHocTII1 KOHBoeB, cIleAylOl..l\MX
Yepe3 CpeAM3eMHoe Mope, OT HanaAeHMfI 6pMTaH-
CKO KO OIleBCKO aBMa,-\MM, 6a3MpYlOl..l\e CfI Ha
MaIlbTe 2. BbinOIlHfIfi CBoe 06el..l\aHMe, cplOpep npM-
Ka3aIl 27 OKTfl6pfl Bbl TM B CpeAM3eMHoe Mope 24
nOABOAHblM IlOAKaM, a 2-MY B03AYWHOMY cpIlOTY
(KOMaHAYIOI..l\M - A11b6epT KecceIlbpMHr) nepe6a-
3111pOBaTbCfl B II1TaIlMIO.
111 TeM He MeHee Bce 60Ilbwe M 60Ilbwe npoca-
YMBaIlOCb CIlYXOB 0 roToBfll..l\e CfI aHmM CKO Ha-
CTynaTeIlbHO onepa,-\MM. HeMe,-\Kafi M MTaIlbflHCKafi
pa3BeAKM 3aMeTMIlM B0306HOBMBWYlOCfI aKTMB-
HOCTb no TY CTOPOHY erMneTCKO rpaHM,-\bl M flBHYIO
KOH,-\eHTpa,-\MIO 6pMTaHCKMX BO CK B 3TOM pa OHe.
Ho POMMeIlb OTMeTaIl B CTOPOHY Bce 3TM npeAyn-
pe>KAeHMfI. OH 3anpeTMIl reHepaIl-Ma opy MaKCY
310MepMaHY npOBOAMTb C06CTBeHHbie pa3BeAblBa-
TeIlbHble onepa,-\MM. 20 OKTSl6pSl MTanbflHCKoe Bep-
XOBHoe KOMaHAoBaHMe npeAynpeAMIlo KOMaHAMpa
6poHeTaHKoBo rpynnbl 0 B03MO>KHOM 6pMTaHcKoM
HacTynIleHMII1 M nonpocMIlo ero OTIlO>KMTb WTYPM
T06pYKa AO HayaIla HOBoro, 1942 roAa. Y6e>KAeH-
Hbl B npeBOCXOACTBe CMIl Ha CTopOHe CTpaH OCM,
POMMeIlb OTKa3aIlCR LJepe3 HeAeIlIO cpeIlbAMap-
waIl6aCTMKO CHOBa nonp060BaIl nOAHflTb TpeBory:
npOTMBHMK Ae CTBMTeIlbHO rOTOBMTCfI K HacTyna-
TeIlbHblM Ae cTBMflM. 06 3TOM cBMAeTeIlbcTByeT
3HaYMTeIlbHafi KOH,-\eHTpa,-\MfI BO CK B pa oHe Mep-
ca-MaTpyx. no MHeHMIO MTaIlbflHCKoro BepXOBHoro
maBHOKOMaHAYlOl..l\erO, 3Ta HacTynaTeIlbHafi one-
pa,-\MfI AOIl>KHa 6blIla npOM30 TM B KOH,-\e HOfl6pfl
MIlM B HayaIle AeKa6pfl, HO POMMeIlb HMyerO He XO-
TeIl CIlblwaTb. OH Aa>Ke YIleTeIl M3 AcppMKM B Haya-
Ile HOfl6pfl, YT06bl ompa3AHOBaTb B PMMe BMeCTe
C >KeHO CBO AeHb pO>KAeHMR B conpOBO>KAeHMM
PaBeHWTe HOB POMMeJlM noceTMIlM BeYHbl roPOA
M HaCIlaAMIlMCb MTaIlbflHCKO oceHblO. 6YAYYM TaM,
KOMaHAMp 6pOHeTaHKOBO rpynnbl «AcppMKa»
BCTpeTMIlCfI C MTaIlbflHCKMMM BblCWMMM apMe CKM-
MM YMHaMM. HeCMOTpfl Ha nIlOXMe HOBOCTM (8 HOfl6-
pfl 6blIl nOTOnIleH 40 OOO-TOHHbl KOHBO ), POM-
MeIlb He TepflIl caMOYBepeHHOCTM M 3aflBMIl, YTO Ha
B3f1TMe T06pYKa BnOIlHe XBaTII1T ABYX AHe . EMY
npeACTaBMIlM ABa panopTa HeMe,-\KO M MTaIlbflH-
CKO pa3BeAoK, K KOTOpblM AIlfi AOKa3aTeIlbCTBa
6blIlll1 npMIlO>KeHbl cpOTOrpacpMM. B AOKYMeHTax ro-
BOpMIlOCb, YTO 6pMTaH,-\bl, rOTOBflCb K HacTynIle-
HII1IO, CTpOfiT >KeIle3HOAOpO>KHble BeTKM, a3pOAPO-
Mbl M CKJlaAbl 60enpMnaCOB. Ho POMMeIlb ynpfiMo
OTKa3blBaIlCfI BepMTb YBMAeHHoMY. 15 HOfl6pfl OH
BCTpeTMIlcfI C MYCCOIlMHM M CKJlOHII1Il ero Ha CBOIO
CTOPOHY. POMMeIlb BepHYIlcfI B nMBMIO 18 HOSl6pSl
KaK pa3 B TOT AeHb, KorAa HayaIlaCb onepa,-\MfI
«KpeCTOHoce,-\»...
92
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111 C3p Ap'-l116all,Q YeCiBellll
reHepall KeHlI1r, KOMaH,Ql1p 6pll1ra,Qbl <PpaHlIY3CKOro
COnpOTI1BlleHI1f1, 111 reHepall YI1llllyr6111 Hoppll1,
KOMaH,QlI1p 1-Ci 6pOHeTaHKOBOCi ,QI1B1I1311111
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KOMaH,QlI1p 7 -i;; 6pOHeTaHKoBoCi ,QII1B1I13111111
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KOMaH,QlI1p 4-Ci I1H,Qlili;;cKOCi nexoTHoCi ,QI1B1I1311111
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reHepaJ1 <I>paCi6epr, KOMaH,QlI1p 1-11
HOB03eJ1aH,QcK0I1 nexoTHoCi ,QII1B1I13111111
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B KMpeHaMKe, K BOCTOKY OT IlMHMM A H-3Ilb-ra-
3aJla, AMCIlO,-\MpOBaJlaCb 6pOHeTaHKOBafi rpynna
«AcppMKa» (wTa6-KBapTMpa B raM6YTe), BKIlIO....aB-
wafl B ce6f1 ABa maBHblX 3IleMeHTa: repMaHCKM
AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc M MTaIlbflHCKM XXI Kopnyc.
repMaHCKM AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc (wTa6-
KBapTMpa B 6apAMM) 06beAMHflIl ....eTblpe maBHblX
nOApa3AeIleHMfI (He CY Tafi BO CK rapHM30Ha 6ap-
AMM): 15-10 6poHeTaHKoBYlO AMBM3MIO nOA KOMaHAO-
BaHMeM reHepaIl-Ma opa He MaHa-CMIlKoBa, 5-10
IlerKYIO nexoTHYIO AMBM3MIO, KOTOpafl C 1 aBrycTa
CTaIla 21- 6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3Me (noA KOMaH-
AOBaHMeM reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHTa PaBeHWTe HaJ'
AcppMKaHcKYIO AMBM3MIO oc060ro Ha3HayeHMfI 3
(nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIl-Ma opa MaKca 310-
MepMaHa) M MTaIlbflHcKYIO nexoTHYIO AMBM3MIO «Ca-
BO fI» (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIla Ae rMoprM-
ca). KOMaHAoBaHMe repMaHcKMM AcppMKaHcKMM
KopnycoM 6blIl0 nepBOHayaIlbHO nopyyeHO reHepan-
Ile TeHaHTY WaaIlIO, 6blBweMY KOMaHAMpy 1 O-
6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3MM. Ho M3-3a 60Ile3HM Wa-
aIlb He CYMeIl 3aHflTb 3TOT nOCT. OH 6blIl BpeMeHHO
3aMeHeH reHepaIl-Ma opOM <DMIlMnnoM MIOIlIle-
pOM-re6xapAOM, KOTOpbl CBaIlMIlCfI OT npMcTyna
AM3eHTepMM! B KOH,-\e KOH,-\OB 3TO Ha3HayeHMe no-
IlYYMIl reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHT nlOABMr KpIOBeJlIl, OT03-
BaHHbl AIlfi 3TOro C BOCTOYHOrO cppOHTa, rAe OH
OTnMYHO npOflBMIl ce6f1, 6YAYYM KOMaHA pOM 11-
6pOHeTaHKOBO AMBM3MM. 3a60IleB BCKope nOCIle
CBoero npM6blTMfI B AcppMKy54, KplOBeIlIl nO-HaCTO-
flI..l\eMY npMHflIl KOMaHAOBaHMe KopnYCOM TOIlbKO B
oKTfl6pe 1941 roAa. B TO >Ke caMoe BpeMfi K HeMY
npMcoeAMHMIlCfI ocpM'-\ep, OTBeTCTBeHHbl 3a Ae -
CTBMfl2- TaHKOBO apMMM, Ile TeHaHT-nOIlKOBHMK
<DpM,-\ 6a epIle H, KOTOpbl CTaIl ero HayaIlbHMKOM
wTa6a. HaKaHYHe onepa,-\MM «KpeCTOHoce,-\» Ha
BoopY>KeH M B repMaHCKOM AcppMKaHCKOM Kopny-
ce 6blIlO 279 TaHKOB; B TOM YMCIle 77 TaHKOB II (42
B 8-M TaHKOBOM nOIlKY M 35 B 5-M), 145 TaHKOB III
(77 TaHKOB B 8-M TaHKOBOM nOIlKY M 68 B 5-M), 38
TaHKOB IV (21 TaHK B 8-M TaHKOBOM nOIlKY M 17 B
5-M), 14 KOMaHAHblx TaHKOB (10 TaHKOB B 8-M TaH-
KOBOM nOIlKY M 4 B 5-M) M 5 3aXBayeHHbiX aHmM c-
KMX TaHKOB «MaTMIlbAa» Mk II, KOTopble HaxoAM-
IlMCb B 8-M TaHKOBOM nOIlKY.
Lt1TaIlbflHcKM XXI Kopnyc (KoMaHAYIOI..l\M - re-
HepaJl HOBapMHM, wTa6-KBapTMpa B 3Ilb-AAaMe)
BKIllOyaIl B ce6f1 YeTblpe neXOTHbie AMBM3MM: 25-10
nexoTHYIO AMBM3MIO «60IlOHbfl» (noA KOMaHAoBa-
HMeM reHepaIla r IlOpMfI), 17-10 nexoTHYIO AMBM3MIO
«naBMfI» (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla <DpaHKe-
WMHM), 27-10 nexoTHYIO AMBM3MIO «6pewMfI» (noA
KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIla 3aM60Ha) M 10-10 neXOT-
HYIO (MOTOpM3MpoBaHHYIO) AMBM3MIO «TpeHTo».
Lt1TaIlbflHcKMe BO CKa, He nOA....MHflBWMeCfI POM-
MeIllO, COCTOflIlM M3 «Kopno A'ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa»
M X Kopnyca, AMCJlO,-\MpOBaHHbIX B KMpeHaMKe, M
XX Kopnyca, AMCIlO,-\MpOBaHHoro B TpMnOIlMTaHMM.
«Kopno A'ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa», KOTOpblM KOMaH-
AOBaIl reHepaIl raCTOH raM6apa, 06beAMHflIl132-1O
6pOHeTaHKOBYlO AMBM3MIO «ApMeTTa» (nOA KOMaH-
AOBaHMeM reHepaIla 6aIlOTTa) M 101-10 nexoTHYIO
(MOTOpM3MpoBaHHYIO) AMBM3MIO «TpMecT» (noA KO-
MaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla nMa30HM). TYAa >Ke BXO-
AMIlM M APyrMe nOApa3AeIleHMfI, BKIllOyafl ABa 6a-
TaIlbOHa yepHopy6aweYHMKOB, nOIlM,-\e CKM 6aTa-
IlbOH, TaHKOBbl 6aTaIlbOH M ABa apTMIlIlepM CKMX
6aTaIlbOHa, 06beAMHeHHbiX B 60eBYlO rpynny (<<Par-
rpynaMeHTO 3cnIlopaHTe AeJlb Kopno AM MaHOBpa»)
nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM nOIlKOBHMKa Ae Meo. B cepe-
AMHe HOfl6pfl Ha BoopY>KeHMM «Kopno A'ApMaTa AM
MaHOBpa» MMenOCb 146 TaHKOB M-35, KOTOpble HeJlb-
3f1 Aa>Ke cpaBHMBaTb HM C OAHMM M3 aHmM cKMx
TaHKOB. I Kopnyc (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla
,lJ,>KMOAa) 06beAMHflIl pa3IlMYHbie nOApa3AeIleHMfI
nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla HOBOIlMHM. He nOA-
YMHflIlMCb POMMeIlIO M XX Kopnyc (noA KOMaHAoBa-
HMeM reHepaIla BeKYMapeIlIlM) M AMBM3MfI «Ca6pa-
Ta» (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaIla 3MHraIleca).
Lt1TaIlbflHcKMe BBC (5-fI 3cKaAPMIlbfl) HaxoAM-
IlMCb nOA KOMaHAOBaH eM reHepaIla A MoHe Ka-
Ta, maBHoKoMaHAYlOl..l\erO BoeHHo-B03AYWHbIMM
CMJlaMM B nMBM , a nOApa3AeIleHMfI IllOcpTBacpcpe
06beAMHflIlMCb B TaKTMyecKYIO rpynny, OTBeTCTBeH-
HYIO 3a B03AYWHYlO cMTya,-\MIO Ha cppoHTe B KMpe-
HaMKe, M HaxoA IlMCb nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHe-
paIl-Ile TeHaHTa <DpIOIlMxa. Bce 3TM BoeHHO-B03-
AywHble CMJlbl He WIlM HM B KaKoe cpaBHeHMe C
6pMTaHCKMMM M He MomM 60pOTbCfI 3a rocnOACTBO
B B03Ayxe.
COOTHoweHMe CMIl HaKaHYHe onepa,-\MM OKa3a-
IlOCb npMMepHO paBHblM (118000 6pMTaH,-\eB npo-
TMB 119000 HeM,-\eB M MTaIlbflH,-\eB). C APYro CTO-
pOHbl, 6pMTaH,-\bl 6blIlM BoopY>KeHbl M 3K nMpoBaHbl
HaMHoro IlYYWe. KaK Mbl Y>Ke BMAeIl , KaHHMHrx3M
MMeIl B CBoeM paCnOpfl>KeHMM 3HaY TeIlbHoe YMCIlO
TaHKOB - 724 TaHKa npoTMB 425 (KYAa BXOAMIlM M
MTaIlbflHCKMe TaHKM), a 6pMTaHcKafi neXOTa 6blIla
60Ilee MOTOpM3 poBaHHo , yeM MTaIlbflHCKafi. Ho
POMMeIlb 06JlaA8Il npeMMYl..l\eCTBOM He B YMCJleH-
Hocm. Ero TaHKM 6blJlM HaMHoro 6blCTpee, YTO OyeHb
98
HeMaIlOBa>KHO B nYCTbIHe, rAe n06eAa nOAyaC 3a-
BMCMT OT 6blCTpOTbi peaK,-\MM. Y HeM,-\eB MMeIlMCb
HOBbie TaHKM C AIlMHHOCTBOIlbHblMM 50-MMJlJlMMeT-
pOBblMM 0pYAMflMM, 3HaYMTeIlbHO 60Ilee MOI..l\HbIMM,
yeM KOpOTKOCTBOIlbHble 50-MMIlIl MeTpOBble opY-
AMfi. BA06aBOK K 3TOMY HeM,-\bl 06naAaIlM 50-MMIl-
IlMMeTpOBblMM npOTMBOTaHKOBblMM 0pYAMflMM M
3HaMeHMTblMM 88-MMJlJlMMeTpOBbIMM 0pYAMflMM,
cnoc06HblMM YHMYTO>KaTb TaHKM «MaTMJlbAa» M
«KpY3e Aep» C 60JlbWOrO paCCTOflHMfI. B OTJlMYMe
OT KaHHMHrX3Ma POMMeJlb CKOH,-\eHTpMpOBaIl CBOIO
apTMIlIlepMIO Ha rpaHM,-\e, rAe pa3MecTMIl 23 88-
M IlIlMMeTpoBbIX M 96 50-MMJlIlMMeTpoBbIX npoTM-
BOTaHKOBblX OpYAMfi.
OAHaKo B OTJlMYMe OT 6pMTaH,-\eB Y HeM,-\eB 6blJl
CIlMWKOM MaIleHbKM pe3epB, eCIlM 3TO Bo061..l\e
MO>KHO Ha3BaTb pe3epBoM. K ceHTfl6plO Y HMX pe3-
KO YXYAWMIlOCb cHa6>KeHMe. B ceHTfl6pe nOJlO>Ke-
HMe C rOplOYMM B 6poHeTaHKoBo rpynne OKa3a-
IlOCb HaCTOIlbKO nIlOXMM, YTO POMMeJlb M em wTa6
BbIHY>KAeHbl 6blJlM OTKa3aTbCfI OT noe3AoK Ha
cppOHT. X B03AYWHbl Kopnyc, oTBeTcTBeHHbl 3a
oxpaHY KOHBoeB, MAYI..l\MX B CeBepHYIO AcpPMKY, MC-
nblTblBaIl CMIlbHbl HeAOCTaTOK B rOplOyeM, 60e-
npMnacax M B APyrMx He06xoAMMbiX MaTepMaJlax.
rpY3bl, npM6blBalOI..l\Me B TpMnOIlM, He MornM AO-
CTaBnflTbCfI BOBpeMfi Ha cppOHT M3-3a HeXBaTKM rpy-
30BMKOB M Tonn Ba! POMMeJlb 6e3pe3YJlbTaTHO
npOCMIl nOCblIlaTb KOHBOM KpaTYa WMM nYTeM nOA
3aI..l\MTO MTanbflHCKoro cpIlOTa M3 rpe,-\MM M nOA
3aI..l\MTO HeMe,-\Koro cpIlOTa M3 HeanoJlfl. OH TaK
>Ke 6e3pe3YIlbTaTHO npOCMIl MCnOJlb30BaTb nopTbl
,lJ.epHa, 6apAMfi 1.-1 6eHra3M. nOCIle HeCKOIlbKMX He-
AeIlb neperOBopOB KOMaHAMp 6pOHeTaHKOBO
rpynnbl «AcppMKa» nOIlYYMIl 3aBepeHMfI, YTO rpY3bl
6YAYT AOCTaBJlflTbCfI MTaIlbflHCKMMM nOABOAHblMM
IlOAKaMM. nepBafi nOCTaBKa B 6apAMIO npOM30WIla
B cepeAMHe aBrYCTa, HO 3TO 6blIla KanIlfi B Mope B
cpaBHeHMM C orpOMHblMM nOTpe6HOCTflMM 6pOHe-
TaHKOBO rpynnbl. HaKaHYHe HayaIla onepa,-\MM
«KpeCTOHoce,-\» nOIlO>KeHMe CO cHa6>KeHMeM Y HeM-
,-\eB el..l\e 60Ilee yXYAWMIlOCb. B OKTfl6pe repMaH-
CK AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc nOJlYY Il 15 884 TOHHbl
rpy3a, 55 OPYAM M 942 aBTOM06MJlfl, OAHaKO 7536
TOHH rpY3a, 18 OPYAM M 503 aBToM06MIlfi ompa-
BMJlMCb Ha AHO MOpfi. nOTepM rpY3a 6blIlM Ha 50%,
a aBTOM06Mne Ha 75% Bblwe, yeM B npeAblAYl..l\eM
MeCfI,-\e. CMTya,-\MfI CTaHOBMTCfI cTpaHHo , eCJlM
yYeCTb, YTO JllOcpTBacpcpe nOIlyyaJlM rpY30B B TpM
pa3a 60Ilbwe, yeM repMaHcKM AcppMKaHcKM KOp-
nyc! TaKafi HeIlOrMYHOCTb nOCTOflHHO 3aCTaBJlflJla
POMMeJlfl BoeBaTb co CBOMM PYKOBOACTBOM...
Ha"lano onepa LJI «KpeCTOHOCe »
POMMenb Haronosy pa36HsaeT
KaHHHHrx3Ma
YTpOM 18 HOSl6pSl nOA CMIlbHblM AO>KAeM TPM
6poHeTaHKoBbie 6pMraAbi 7 - 6poHeTaHKoBo AM-
BM3MM M 4-fI neXOTHafi 6pMraAa (XXX Kopnyc) Ha-
npaBMJlMCb Ha IOro-3anaA. KaHHMHrx3M nOCTaBMIl
nepeA HMMM 3aAayy Bbl TM B pa oH ra6p-Canex
(95 KMJlOMeTpOB Ha IOrO-BOCTOK OT T06pYKa) M
nOAO>K):\aTb peaK,-\MM POMMeJlfl, YT06bl Bbl6paTb Ha-
MIlYYWM cnoc06 YH YTO>KMTb ero 6poHeTaHKoBbie
CMIlbl. 060rHYB JlMHMIO 3C-COJlIlYM M npo AfI OKOJlO
150 KMIloMeTpoB, TaHKOBble KOJlOHHbl BblWJlM B
pa oH ra6p-CaIlex K Beyepy nepBoro AHfI HacTyn-
IleHMfI. Ho, 6YAYYM MHcpOpMMpoBaHHblM 06 3TOM
BTOp>KeHMM TOIlbKO BO BTOpO nonOBMHe AHfI, POM-
MeJlb cnYTan KapTbl npoTMBHMKa, HMKaK He npope-
arMpOBaB Ha 3TO. KorAa PaBeHWTe H npeAIlO>KMIl
BblABMHYTb BnepeA K ra6p-CaJlex 5- TaHKOBbl
nOJlK (KOMaHAMp - nOJlKOBHMK WTecpaH), POMMenb
OTBeTMn: «He HaAO TaK 6blCTpO BblCTaBIlflTb Hano-
Ka3 CBO CMIlbl». 3Ta naCCMBHOCTb npMBeIla 6pMTaH-
CKMX KOMaHAMpoB B 3aMewaTeIlbCTBO, 19 HOSl6pSl
KOMaHAMp XXX Kopnyca reHepaIl HOppM pew MIl
npOAOJl>KMTb ABM>KeHMe B CTOPOHY T06pYKa. OH op-
raHM30BaIl CBOM CMnbl B TPM KOIlOHHbl. B ,-\eHTpe
OAHa M3 KOJlOHH, COCTOfll..l\afl M3 7 - 6poHeTaHKoBo
6pMraAbl, K nOIlYAHIO 3aHflIla a3pOAPOM 611M3 CMAM-
Pe3ex. 3To, HeCOMHeHHO, 6blIl 60IlbWO ycnex, TaK
KaK nJlaTO y CMA -Pe3ex pacnOJlaraIlOCb B 16 KM-
JlOMeTpax 3a n03M,-\MflMM repMaHcKoro AcpPMKaH-
CKoro Kopnyca K IOro-BocTOKY OT T06pYKa M flBIlfl-
JlOCb Ba>KHO cTpaTerMYeCKO TOYKO . ,lJ.e cTBMfI
ABYX APyrMx KOJlOHH OKa3aIlMCb He CTOIlb ycnew-
HbIMM. Ha neBOM cpIlaHre 22-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafi 6pM-
raAa B pa OHe 6Mp-3Ilb-r06M HaToIlKHynacb Ha AM-
BM3MIO «ApMeTTa». OHa YHMYTO>KMIla 35 MTaIlbflH-
CKMX TaHKOB M nOA6MJla el..l\e 15, HO npoABMHYTbCfI
BnepeA TaK M I-!e CMorna. Ha npaBoM cpIlaHre 4-fI
6poHeTaHKoBafi 6pMraAa B pa oHe Me>K):\y ra6p-Ca-
Jlex M CMA -OMapoM HaTKHYJlaCb Ha nOApa3AeIle-
HMfI 5-ro TaHKOBoro nOIlKa. B >KeCTOKOM TaHKOBOM
Cpa>KeHMM 60 ,-\bl nOIlKOBHMKa WTecpaHa nOA6MIlM
23 TaHKa M3 6pMraAbi 6pMraAMpa rpaHTa, nOTepfiB
npM 3TOM Bcero IlMWb ABe MawMHb1 55 ! 20 HOSl6pSl
POMMeIlb npOAOIl>KaIl CYMTaTb, YTO 6pMTaH,-\bl He
c06MpalOTCfI BblXOAMTb K T06pYKY, a OKMHIleK npo-
BOAMT pa3BeAbiBaTeIlbHYlO onepa,-\MIO HanOA06Me
HeMe,-\KO onepa,-\MM «COH B JleTHlO1O HOYb», npo-
99
BeAeHHO POMMeIleM B CeHTfl6pe. KplOBeIlIl, YBe-
peHHbl B npOTMBOnOJlO>KHOM, XOTeIl HanpaBMTb
HaBCTpeYy 7 - 6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3MM KYIlaK M3
ABYX 6poHeTaHKoBbiX AMBM3MiII - 21- M 15- . B
TeyeHMe Beyepa POMMeIlb Bce >Ke COrIlaCMIlCfI C
TOYKO 3peHMfI KOMaHAMpa repMaHcKoro AcppMKaH-
CKoro Kopnyca. OH Hayan nOA03peBaTb, YTO npoBo-
AMTCfI nOIlHoMacwTa6Hafi onepa,-\MfI no OCB060>K-
AeHMIO T06PYKa, M npMKa3aIl MTaIlbflHcKOMY XXI
Kopnycy YAep>K BaTb n03M,-\MM. 3aTeM OH BeIleIl
repMaHcKoMY AcppMKaHcKoMY Kopnycy OCTaHOBMTb
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bataille de MarmoriQue
2" phase (25 - 26 noy, 1941f
Operation II CRUSADER ..
Battle of Marmorica
Phase 2 (25 - 26 Nov. 1941)
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Syrt.
L'avance britanmQue jusqu'a I Agheila
(decembre 1 1 -lanvier 1942)
The british advance to EI Agheila
(December 1941 - January 1942)
Tol>rouk
t0121941
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3" phase (27noY,-7 dee. 194'1)
Operation" CRUSADER II
Battle of Marmorica
Phase 3 (27 Nov.-7 Dee, 1941)
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nepBOHaYanbHbl ycnex, OyeBMAHO, BCKPY>KMJl eMY
roIlOBY, KaK 3TO Y>Ke 6blIlO B npOWIlOM roAY, M OH
pewMIl npoABMHYTbCfI AaJlbWe 3anJlaHMpOBaHHoro.
Ho ero nOIlO>KeHMe co cHa6>KeHMeM He IlYYWe npow-
Jloro roAa, a TorAa Y Hero 6blIlM eLl.\e CBe>KMe CMJlbl.
CMTya,-\MfI pa3BII1BaeTCfI He TaK, KaK MHe 6bl XOTe-
JlOCb, HO HaAelOCb, YTO OHa M3MeHMTCfI B Hawy
nOJlb3Y...»
OAHaKO AaIlbHe wee pa3BMTMe C06bITM 25
S1HBapSi 6blJlO flBHO Ha PYKY HeM,-\aM. Ha npaBoM
cpIlaHre rpynna repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro KOp-
nyca 3aXBaTMJla Mcyc. II1cnyraBwMcb oKpY>KeHMfI,
reHepan r OABMH-OCTMH npMKa3aJl oTcTynaTb K Me-
YMJlM M ,QepHe, a TaK>Ke 06bflBMJl 06 3BaKya,-\MM
6eHra3M, Ho 3TOT npMKa3 6blJl OTMeHeH OKMHJle-
KOM, npM6blBWMM B wTa6-KBapTMPY BOCbMO ap-
MMM B TMMMM, YT06bl JlMYHO Ha6JllOAaTb 3a pa3BM-
TMeM C06bITM . C nOMOLl.\blO PMYM maBHoKoMaHAY-
IOLl.\M HaMepeBaJlCfI HaHeCTM KOHTpYAap no Mcycy,
HO 3TO Y>Ke He Momo OCTaHOBMTb POMMeIlfl, KOTO-
pbl 26 S1HBapSi peWMJl pa3BMBaTb CBoe HacTynIle-
HMe AaJlbwe. PaCnOJlO>KMB MTaIlbflHCKMe X M XXI
Kopnyca Ha JlMHMM MepCa-3Jlb-6pera - 3Ilb-Are -
Jla - MapaAa M ompaBMB AMBM3MM «Ca6paTa» M
«AcppMKa» B pa oH 6eAa-<DoMMa - AHTeIlaTa -
CaYHHY, OH peWMJl npOAOJl>KMTb HacTynJleHMe He B
CTOPOHY Me....MJlM, KaK 3TO O>KMAaJlM 6pMTaH,-\bl, a Ha
6eHra3M. S 3TO BpeMfi 6a epJle H 6blIl HanpaBJleH
B nYCTblHIO AIlfi npOBeAeHMfI OTBJleKalOLl.\e onepa-
,-\MM B HanpaBIleHMM MeYMJlM, a POMMeJlb nOBeJl
M06MIlbHYIO 6pOHeTaHKOBYIO KOJlOHHY, COCTOflBWYIO
M3 60eBO rpynnbl MapKca, 33-ro pa3BeAblBaTeJlb-
HOro 6aTanbOHa M MTaJlbflHCKOro 2-ro MOTOpM3MpO-
BaHHoro apTMIlIlepM cKoro nOIlKa BCTblK Me>KAY 7-
M 11- MHAM CKMMM neXOTHblMM 6pMraAaMM. npo -
Afl Yepe3 He06>KMTble AMKMe pa OHbl, OH TeM He
MeHee B 18 yaCOB 00 MMHYT 28 S1HBapSi OKa3aJlCfI
Ha npM6pe>KHO Aopore B KoecpMIO, K ceBepy OT
6eHra3M, M CMflIl BblweAwMe eMY HaBcTpe....Y MH-
AM cKMe nOApa3AeIleHMfI. YCJlblWaB 3TY HOBOCTb,
6pMTaH,-\bl B cneWHOM nopfiAKe HayanM 3BaKYMpo-
BaTb 6eHra3M. POMMeJlb HeMeAIleHHO HanpaBMJl
TYAa 60eBYIO rpynny MapKca. B TOT >Ke Beyep 3Ta
rpynna 3aXBaTMIla a3pOAPOM, a K nOJlYAHIO CJleAY-
lOLl.\ero AHfI, 29 S1HBapSl, BOWIla B 6eHra3M, rAe 06-
HapY>KMIla orpoMHoe KOJlMyeCTBO 6ec,-\eHHblx TpO-
111
epeeB. BeCTb 0 B3f1TMM 6eHra3M WMpOKO 06cY>KAa-
JlaCb BO Bcex cpeACTBax MaCCOBO MHepopMa,-\MM M
CAeJlaJla M3 POMMeJlfl repofl.
OKpblJleHHbl TaKMM ycnexoM, KOMaHAMp TaH-
KOBO apMMM peWMJl nOJlHOCTblO YHMYTO>KMTb He-
npMflTeJlfl. ,[IIlfi 3TOro OH YAapMJl B ABYX HanpaBJle-
HMflX: 60eBafi rpynna MapKca COBMeCTHO C 33-M
pa3BeAbiBaTeJlbHbiM 6aTaJlbOHOM M MTaJlbflHCKMM
2-M apTMJlJlepM CKMM nOJlKOM (MOTOpM3MpOBaH-
HbIM) HanpaBMJlaCb no BMa 6aIlb60 K ,[IepHe, a 60-
eBafi rpynna ra ccJlepa M 3- pa3BeAblBaTeJlbHbl
6aTaIlboH HayaIlM YAaIlflTbcfI OT 6epera B HanpaB-
JleHMM JlMHMM Mapaya - TMMMM. 3 q>eBpal1S1 33-
pa3BeAblBaTeJlbHbl 6aTaJlbOH Ha CBoeM nYTM K
,[IepHe CHec 3aCJlOH 11- nexoTHo MHAM CKO 6pM-
raAbl. 3- pa3BeAblBaTeJlbHbl 6aTaJlbOH npoweJl
nOJlOBMHY nYTM Me>KAY 3Jlb-Me'-lMJlM M ,[IepHo , a
60eBbie rpynnbl MapKca M ra ccJlepa BblWJlM B
pa oH MapTYP6bl - YMMa M nOAOWJlM K TMMMM.
60flCb 06xoAa C epJlaHroB Ha JlMHMM Mcyc - MeYM-
JlM - TMMMM, 6pMTaHcKoe KOMaHAOBaHMe npMKa-
3aIlO CBOMM Bo cKaM AaIlbHe wM OTXOA. 5 q>eB-
pal151 Bce nOApa3AeJleHMfI XIII Kopnyca 3aHflJlM no-
3M,-\MM A H-3Jlb-ra3aJla - 6Mp-XaYe M. B TOT >Ke
AeHb HeMe,-\KMe BO CKa nOAOWJlM K HMM BnJlOTHYIO
M 3aKOHYMJlM 3aYMCTKY OTBoeBaHHO TeppMTopMM.
3TMM 3aKOHYMJlaCb nepBafi epa3a onepa,-\MM. nOYTM
3a HeAeJlIO repMaHO-MTaJlbflHCKMe CMJlbl 3aHflJlM
60JlbWYIO yaCTb KMpeHaMKM!
BpeMeHHoe 3aTI.1Wbe
(5 tlJeBpanSl- 25 MaSl1942 rOAa)
OKMHJleK OCTaBaIlCfI HeB03MYTMM B OTHoweHMM
HeO>KMAaHHoro ycnexa POMMeJlfl, TaK KaK 6blJl YBe-
peH, YTO BpeMfi pa60TaeT Ha Hero M OH CMO>KeT ne-
peXBaTMTb MHM,-\MaTMBY Ha JlMHMM A H-3Jlb-ra3a-
Jla - 6Mp-XaYe M. rJlaBHOKOMaHAYIOLl.\M paCCMaT-
pM BaIl CBOIO n03M,-\MIO KaK BpeMeHHYIO OCTaHOBKY,
BO BpeMfi KOTOpO OH Mor COXpaHMTb 60JlbWMe 3a-
naCbl BoopY>KeHMfI M 60enpMnaCOB, HaKOnJleHHble
B T06pYKe, a TaK>Ke YKpenMTb CBOIO OCHOBHYIO JlM-
HMIO 060POHbl- erMneTCKYIO rpaHM,-\Y, npMKpblBa-
eMYIO XXX KopnycOM. OAHaKO OKMHJleK YYBCTBO-
BaIl, YTO AIlfi HayaIla HaCTYnJleHMfI eMY HY>KHO AO-
6MTbCfI npeBocxoAcTBa KaK B KOJlM'-IeCTBe, TaK M B
KayeCTBe TaHKoB, ....ero OH HMKaK He Mor nOJlY....MTb
B TeyeHMe Tpex MeCfI,-\eB. A AIlfi LJepYMJlJlfl 3TO 6bl-
Jla HenpOCTMTeJlbHafi 3aAep>KKa: «HM HayaJlbHMK
maBHoro wTa6a, HM fI M MOM KOJlJlerM He MO>KeM
nOBepMTb B He06xOAMMOCTb 3TO AoporOCTOflLl.\e
npeJlIOAMM. Mbl Bce YBepeHbl B TOM, ....TO CJlMWKOM
npMCKop6HO COAep>KaTb Ha nOJlHOM pa,-\MOHe 6pM-
TaHCKYIO M MMnepCKYIO apMMM, YMCneHHOCTb KOTO-
pblX Y>Ke npeBOCXOAMT TpMA,-\aTb TblCfI'-I weCTbCOT
YeJlOBeK, K KOTOpO BA06aBOK nOCTOflHHO npMXO-
AMT nOnOJlHeHMe, M OCTaBJlflTb ee B nOJlHOM 6e3-
Ae CTBMM, B TO BpeMfi KaK PYCCKMe OTyaflHHO M
OTBa>KHO Cpa>KalOTCfI no Bce AIlMHe CBoero npo-
TfI>KeHHoro eppOHTa. 60Jlee TOro, Y Hac eCTb nOA03-
peHMe, YTO CMJlbl POMMeJlfl MorYT paCTM HaMHoro
6blCTpee, yeM HaWM...» OKMHJleKY 6blJlO OmpaBJle-
HO ABa nOCJlaHMfI, B KOTOpblX ero nblTaJlMCb y6e-
AMTb OTKa3aTbCfI OT CBoe MAeM. 3aTeM B ABYX
CJleAYIOLl.\Mx AOKYMeHTax, AaTMpyeMblx 8 M 10 Mafl
1942 roAa, LJepYMJlJlb npMKa3blBaeT OKMHJleKY MJlM
B0306HOBMTb KaK MO>KHO cKopee HaCTynJleHMe, MJlM
nOAaTb B oTcTaBKY. <DeJlbAMapWaJl CAaJlCfI M Ha-
3HaYMJl B0306HOBJleHMe HaCTynaTeJlbHO onepa,-\MM
Ha cepeAMHY MIOHfI.
B03pa>KeHMfI OKMHJleKa 6blJlM He TpaIlM30BaHbl
nOnOJlHeHMeM BOCbMO apMMM, npM6blBWMM B no-
CJleAYIOLl.\Me HeAeJlM. 50-fI neXOTHafi AMBM3MfI 6blJla
YBeJlMyeHa AO nOJlHoro COCTaBa M BA06aBoK YCMJle-
Ha ABYMfI AOnOJlHMTeJlbHblMM 6pMraAaMM TfI>KeJlbiX
neXOTHblX TaHKOB (1-fI M 32-fI apMe cKMe TaHKOBble
6pMraAbl). 7-fI 6poHeTaHKoBafi AMBM3MfI, AMCJlO,-\M-
pOBaHHafi B HM>KHe yaCTM AeJlbTbl HMJla, npMHflJla
Ha BoopY>KeHMe aMepMKaHcKMe cpeAHMe TaHKM
«rpaHT». K cepeAMHe Mafl B BOCbMO apMMM HaCYM-
TblBaIlOCb 600 TaHKOB - 150 TfI>KeJlbiX TaHKOB TMna
«I» M 450 cpeAHMx TaHKOB, B 60JlbWMHCTBe CBoeM
TMna «rpaHT»68.
B HayaIle MIOHfI OKMHJleK pa3BepHYJl CBOM wecTb
AMBM3M (BKJllOyafl ABe 6pOHeTaHKOBble) BAOJlb MJlM
n03aAM JlMHMM A H-3Jlb-ra3aJla. 3Ta JlMHMfI 6blJla
HawnMroBaHa MMHaMM. OT A H-3Jlb-ra3aJlbl Ha no-
6epe>Kbe AO 6Mp-Xa....e Ma B nycTblHe 6blJlO YCTa-
HOBJleHO 500 000 MMH, nocTpoeHbl epOpTMepMKa,-\M-
OHHble TOYKM, np03BaHHbie «Kop06KaMM», c03AaHbl
yyaCTKM conpoTMBIleHMfI C c06cTBeHHo nexoTo M
apTMJlJlepMe . 3Ta AMcn03M,-\MfI 6blJla YCMJleHa ye-
TblpbMfI M30JlMpOBaHHblMM «Kop06KaMM», 3aLl.\M-
Ll.\aBWMMM T06pYK Ha 3anaAe (AKpoMa), Ha IOro-3a-
na,qe (Ha TC6pMA>K) M Ha lOre (3Jlb-ArleM M 6Mp-3Jlb-
r06M Ha TpMX-3Jlb-A6A). Ha npaBoM epJlaHre XIII
Kopnyc (Tenepb nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla
B.X.E. rOTTa) BKJllOyaIl B ce6f1 TPM neXOTHbie AMBM-
3MM (50-fI neXOTHafi AMBM3MfI nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM
reHepaIla B.X.C. PeMcAeHa M 1-fI IO>KHoaeppMKaH-
CKafi neXOTHafi AMBM3MfI nOA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHe-
paIla ,[I.x. nMHaapa, 3aHMMaBWMe n03M,-\MM OT no-
112
6epe>Kbfl AO CMAM-Myqnax, M 2-fI IO>KHOacppMKaH-
CKafi neXOTHafi AMBM3MfI nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM
reHepaIla,q. KonnJlepa B T06pYKe), OAHY neXOTHYIO
6pMraAY (9-fI MHAM CKafi neXOTHafi 6pMraAa) nOA
KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla <DJleTYepa, M ABe 6pM-
raAbl TaHKOB TMna «I» (1-fI M 32-fI apMe CKMe TaH-
KOBble 6pMraAbi nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJlOB
YOTKMHCa M YMJlCOHa). XIII Kopnyc AOJl>KeH 6blJl npM-
KpblBaTb naCCMBHbl y....aCTOK cppOHTa OT A H-3Jlb-
ra3aJlbi AO A11eM-XaM3bl. Ha npaBOM cpJlaHre XXX
Kopnyc BCe eLlle nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla
YMJlyr6M HOppM MMeJl B CBOeM COCTaBe ABe 6pOHe-
TaHKOBble AMBM3MM (1-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafi AMBM3MfI
nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla naMCAeHa, AMCJlO-
,-\MpOBaHHafi BOKpyr Ha TC6pMA>Ka K lOry OT TpMrx-
KanY,-\'-\069, M 7 -fl 6poHeTaHKoBafi AMBM3MfI nOA KO-
MaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla Mecce BM AMCJlO,-\MpO-
BaHHafi K lOry OT TpMrX-3Jlb-A6A 0, no cepeAMHe
Me>I<,Qy 6Mp-Xa....e MoM M 6Mp-3Jlb-r06M). BA06aBoK
K 3TOMY 6blJlM eLlle 201-fI (rBapAe cKafl) 6pMraAa
(noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla MappMoTa) M TpM
neXOTHbie 6pMraAbl: 3-fI MHAM cKafi MOTOpM3MpO-
BaHHafi 6pMraAa (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla
CDeJloca), 29-fI MHAM cKafi 6pMra,qa (noA KOMaHAO-
BaHMeM reHepaJla Pe Aa) M 1-fI cppaH,-\Y3cKafi 6pM-
raAa (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJla KoeHMra).
nepeA XXX KopnycoM CTOflJla 3aAa....a npMKpblTb
HacTynaTeJlbHYIO onepa,-\MIO M npoBecTM maBHYIO
aTaKY Ha MeYMJlM. B 3TOM ceKTope reHepaIl PMYM
YCTaHOBMJl TpM «Kop06KM»: OAHY y 6Mp-XaYe Ma
(1-fI cB060AHafi cppaH,-\Y3cKafi 6pMraAa), APyrylO-
y 6Mp-3Jlb-r06M (29-fI MHAMC1cKafi 6pMraAa) M Tpe-
TblO - Ha IOro-BocToKe OT 6Mp-Xa....eLilMa (3-fI MH-
AM cKafi MOTOpM3MpoBaHHafi 6pMraAa). B pe3epBe
BOCbMafi apMMfI Aep>KaIla 1 0-10 MHAM CKYIO 6pMra-
AY (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaJla x.P. 6pM, rrca)
3aAa....eLil KOTOpO 6blJla oxpaHa wTa6-KBapTMpbl
apMMM M a3poAPoMa B raM6YTe, 11-10 MHAM CKYIO
6pMraAY M 2-10 cppaH,-\Y3cKYIO 6pMraAY (noA KOMaH-
AOBaHMeM reHepaIla Ka3aYAa), KOTopble 6blJlM AMC-
Jlo,-\MpoBaHbl Me>KAY 3C-COJlJlYMOM M MaAaIleHo ,
a n03>Ke M 1 0-10 MHAM CKYIO nexoTHYIO AMBM3MIO,
nepeBeAeHHYIO M3 II1paKa.
HecMoTpfl Ha CTOJlb 60JlbWOe KOJlMyeCTBO
BO CK, 3Ta AMcn03M,-\MfI MMeJla PfiA HeAocTaTKoB.
CAeJlaB cTaBKY Ha 3cpcpeKTMBHoCTb MMH, PMYM He
YCTaHOBMJl HM OAHOLII «Kop06KM» MJlM apTMJlJlepM -
CKOro nOApa3AeJleHMfI Ha 3O-KMJlOMeTpOBOM OTpe3-
Ke OT CMAM-MYCPTax B ,-\eHTpe AO 6Mp-XaYe Ma
AaJleKO Ha lOre. BMeCTO TOro YT06bl CKOH,-\eHTpM-
pOBaTb CBOM M06MJlbHbie CMJlbl TaK, YT06bl MMeTb
B03MO>KHOCTb MCnOJlb30BaTb MX Macco , OH paCKM-
AaJl MX Ha 60JlbWOM npOCTpaHCTBe OT Ha Tc6pMA-
>Ka AO 6Mp-Xa....e Ma M 6Mp-3Jlb-r06M. OKMHJleK
npeAynpeAMJl PM....M 0 CJla60CTM ero n03M,-\M , HO
PM....M He 06paTMJl BHMMaHMfI Ha 3aMe....aHMe cBoero
KOMaHAMpa.
C"1Tya l.1S1 Ha repMaHO-I.1TanbSlHCKO
CTOpOHe
B nOCJleAYIOLlIMe nOCJle oTcTynJleHMfI 6pMTaH-
CKMX BO CK 3a JlMHMIO A H-3Jlb-ra3aJla AHM POM-
MeJlb M 6aCTMKO COmaCMJlMCb CKOH,-\eHTpMpOBaTb
CBOM neXOTHbie CMJlbl nepeA 6pMTaHCKMMM BO CKa-
MM Ha JlMHMM AC1H-3Jlb-ra3aIla - 6Mp- TeHreAep M
paCnOJlO>KMTb CBOM M06MJlbHbie CMJlbl B TbIJlY npa-
BOro cpJlaHra C paC....eTOM MCnOJlb30BaTb MX nOCJle
peweHMfI nepBoo....epeAHblX JlOrM....eCKMX np06JleM.
OAHaKO MTaJlbflHCKOe BepXOBHoe KOMaHAOBaHMe
BblCKa3aJlOCb npOTMB 3TOro nJlaHa, B ....aCTHOCTM
npOTMB nepeBOAa X Kopnyca, KOTOpbl OHM C....MTa-
JlM >KM3HeHHO Ba>KHbIM AIlfl3aLllMTbI TpMnOJlMTaHMM.
8 q>eBp8l1S1, y6eAMBwMcb B npo....HocTM cBoero IO>K-
HOro cpJlaHra, POMMeJlb BCTpeTMJlCfI C reHepaIloM
raM6appo M cne,-\MaJlbHblM npeAcTaBMTeJleM MTa-
JlbflHCKOro BepxoBHoro KOMaHAOBaHMfI JleLilTeHaHT-
nOJlKOBHMKOM MOHTe,-\eMOJlO, no nopyyeHMIO reHe-
paJla KaBaIlbepo M, He B3Mpafl Ha OA06peHMe 6ac-
TMKO, MOHTe,-\eMOJlO He COmaCMJlCfI C nepeBOAOM
X Kopnyca. POMMeJlb 3aflBMJl, YTO caM noeAeT B
PMM, YT06bl AOroBOpMTbCfI 0 nepeBOAe Kopnyca.
3TM neperoBopbl COCTOflJlMCb 18 MapTa, HO TaK HM
K yeMY M He npMBeJlM. nOCJle KOHCYJlbTa,-\MM C Myc-
COJlMHM 3anpoc KOMaHAMpa TaHKOBO apMMM 6blJl
OTKJlOHeH M B ero paCnOpfl>KeHMM OCTaBaIlCfI TOJlbKO
XXI Kopnyc.
1 MaSi POMMeJlb paCKpblJl CBO nJlaH HacTynJle-
HMfI: nOKa MTaJlbflHCKMe neXOTHbie AMBM3MM, c06-
paHHble BMeCTe B X M XXI Kopnyca, npM nOAAep>KKe
TaHKoBoro 6aTaJlbOHa M nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHe-
paIla KplOBeJlJla CBfI>KYT no B03MO>KHOCTM HaM60Jlb-
wee KOJlMyeCTBO 6pMTaHcKMx CMJl Ha ceBepe JlMHMM
A H-3Jlb-ra3aIla - XaM3a, MMMTMPYfl MaccMpoBaH-
HYIO aTaKY B 3TOM pa oHe, 6poHeTaHKoBbl KYJlaK
(repMaHcKM AcppMKaHcKM Kopnyc, XXI Kopnyc M
90-fI AMBM3MfI, YCMJleHHble 60eBo rpynno MapK-
ca) YAapMT C ceBepa OT CerHaJlM, orM6afl C ABYX
CTOpOH 6Mp-XaYe M, B HanpaBJleHMM AKpOMbl AIlfi
06xoAa 6pMTaHcKMx CMJl C IOra. B 3TO >Ke caMoe
BpeMfi MOTOpM3MpoBaHHafi neXOTa YCTpeMJlflJlaCb
K 3Jlb-ArleMY, YT06bl npMKpblTb npaBbl cpJlaHrTaH-
113
KOBO apMMM M OTpe3aTb nYTM nOABoAa 6pMTaH-
CKOro nOAKpenJleHMfI M3 6apAI.1M M OTBOAa nOApa3-
AeJleHM , OKPY>KeHHbIX Me>KAY A H-3Jlb-ra3aIlO M
T06PYKOM, nOCJle MX OTxOAa B BOCTOYHOM HanpaB-
JleHMM. no MHeHMIO POMMeJlfl, B pe3YJlbTaTe 3TO
onepa,-\MM B TeyeHMe Tpex AHe YHM....TO>KaIlMCb OC-
HOBHble CMJlbl npOTMBHMKa (onepa,-\MfI «A11bcpa») M
C03AaBaIlMCb yCJlOBMfI AIlfi 6e360Jle3HeHHoro WTYP-
Ma T06pYKa (onepa,-\MfI <'6eTa»)71.
6 Mafl nJlaH POMMeJlfl 6blJl oA06peH reHepaJlOM
KaBaJlbepO, C TeM YCJlOBMeM YTO nOCJle 20 MIOHfI,
KorAa AOJl>KHa 6blJla Ha....aTbcfI onepa,-\l.1f1 «C-3» (3a-
XBaT MaJlbTbl), POMMeJlb He 6YAeT MMeTb nOA-
Aep>KKM C B03Ayxa. Bce yaCTHOCTM 6blJlM 06rOBO-
peHbl C 6aCTMKO BO BpeMfi ABYX COBeLl.\aHM 16 M
17 MaR 20 Mafl TaHKOBafi apMMfI nOJlYYMJla npMKa3
Ha....aTb onepa,-\MIO 25 Mafl, KorAa JlYHa BO AeT B
nOAXOAflLl.\YIO cpa3Y AIlfi HOYHOro ABM>KeHMR
Becb anpeJlb M Ma MTaJlbflH,-\bl M HeM,-\bl rOTO-
BMJlMCb K Cpa>KeHMIO. HeM,-\bl npeAnpMHflJlM cne,-\M-
aIlbHble Mepbl AIlfi TOro, YT06bl CKpblTb CBOM HaMe-
peHMfI OT npoTMBHMKa M BBeCTM ero B 3a6JlY>K,IJ,eHMe.
no HaCTOflHMIO POMMeJlfl rpy30BMKM nepeAeJlblBa-
JlMCb B MaKeTbl TaHKOB, Ha MaWMHbl YCTaHaBJlI.1Ba-
IlMCb aBMa,-\MOHHble ABMraTeJlM, KOTopble B AeHb
onepa,-\MM AOJl>KHbl 6blJlM nOAHflTb TYYM neCKa AIlfi
MMMTa,-\MM KPynHo KOH,-\eHTpa,-\MM BOIl1CK. II1TaJlb-
flH,-\bl MCnOJlb30BaIlM 3TOT nepMOA 3aTMWbfl AIlfi ne-
pecpopMMpOBaHMfI CBOMX BO CK. neXOTHbie AMBM-
3MM peopraHM30BbiBaIlMCb TaKMM 06pa30M, ....T06bl
MMeTb B03MO>KHOCTb Ae CTBOBaTb 60Jlee CnJlOyeH-
HO, M MM npMAaBaIlaCb 66JlbWafi orHeBafi MOLl.\b. Ho
maBHblM MX HeAOCTaTKOM flBJlflJlaCb HM3Kafi MO-
6MJlbHOCTb, CBfl3aHHafi C HeXBaTKO aBTOTpaHcnop-
Ta. MeCTHble nOApa3AeJleHMfI M maBHbl pe3epB
6blJlM nepenpaBJleHbl B TpMnOJlMTaHMlO, YT06bl Bbl-
CB060AMTb AIlfi CPPOHTa CTOflBWMe TaM perYJlflpHble
....aCTM. 1 MapTa Ha MeCTO HayaIlbHMKa reHepaJlbHO-
ro wTa6a BMeCTO reHepaJla raM6appbl 3acTynMJl
reHepaJl KYPMO 6ap6aceTTM AM npYH. «Kopno
A'ApMaTa AM MaHOBpa» 6blJl nepeMMeHOBaH B XX
Kopnyc 1.1 nocTynMJl nOA KOMaHAOBaHMe reHepaJla
6aIlbAaccapa. MapKM3Y MeAMYM AeJlb BaceJlJlo no-
PyyaIlOCb YBeJlMYMTb CKOpOCTb M nponYCKHYIO cno-
C06HOCTb nopTa 6eHra3M. K 5 MaIO nopT 6blJl B CO-
CTOflHMM nponycKaTb 2500 TOHH rpY3a B AeHb.
HaKaHYHe onepa,-\MM repMaHO-MTaJlbflHCKafi
AMcn03M,-\MfI npeACTaBJlflJla c060 CJleAYIOLl.\ee. Ha
JleBOM cpJlaHre OT MOpfi AO CMAM-6perMcKa pa3Me-
Ll.\aIlCfI XXI Kopnyc (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM reHepaJla
HaBapMHM), B KOTOpbl BXOAMJlM AMBM3MM «Ca6pa-
Ta» M «T peHTo», nOAAep>KMBaeMble 15- CTpeJlKO-
BO 6pMraAo (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM nOJlKOBHMKa
MeHHM). B ,-\eHTpe OT CMAM-6perMcKa AO rapeT-
MapMeHa CTOflJl X Kopnyc (noA KOMaHAoBaHMeM
reHepaJla ,Q>KMOAa), COCTOflBWM M3 AMBM3M
«6peWMfI» M <,naBMfI», a TaK>Ke TaHKOBoro 6aTa-
JlbOHa M HeMe,-\Ko 60eBo rpynnbl. Ha npaBoM
cpJlaHre OT rapeT-MapMeHa AO AoporM Ha CerHaIlM
paCnOJlO>KMJlCfI XX Kopnyc (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM
reHepaJla 6aJlbAaCcapa), B KOTOpbl BXOAMJlM MO-
TOpM3MpoBaHHafi AMBM3MfI «TpMeCT» M 6poHeTaH-
KOBafi AMBM3MfI «ApMeTTa». B TblJlY npaBoro cpJlaH-
ra HaXOAMJlaCb 90-fI AMBM3MfI (noA KOMaHAOBaHM-
eM reHepaJl-Ma Opa YJlbpMXa KJlepMaHa). 60eBafi
rpynna MapKca M 288- pa3BeAblBaTeJlbHbl 6aTa-
JlbOH 3aHflJlM palllOH Me>KAY AOPOro Ha CerHaIlM M
rapeT-3Jlb-ACMAO . Bo BTOpOM 3WeJlOHe, n03aAM
XXI Kopnyca, B pa OHe 3Jlb-LJepMMa AMCJlO,-\MpO-
BaJlCfI repMaHCKM AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc, Haxo-
AMBWM CfI C 9 MapTa nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHe-
paJl-Jle TeHaHTa BaJlbTepa HepMHra M BKIllOyaB-
WM B ce6f1 15-10 M 21-10 6poHeTaHKoBbie AMBM3MM
(noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaJl-Jle TeHaHTa cpOH
BaepcTa M reHepaIl-Ma opa cpOH 6MCMapKa 72 ).
111 onflTb 6aIlaHc CMJl 6blJl cKopee B nOJlb3Y 6pM-
TaH,-\eB. OKMHJleK BblCTaBMJl nexoTY, paBHYIO npM-
MepHo 55 6aTaJlbOHaM, 300 nOJly6poHMpoBaHHbix
MawMH, 700 TaHKOB M npMMepHo 1000 CaMOJleTOB
npoTMB pOMMeJleBCKMX 50 6aTaIlboHoB (M3 HMX 31
MTaIlbflHcKM ), 148 nOJly6poHMpoBaHHbix MaWMH
(M3 HMX 80 MTaJlbflHCKMX), 568 TaHKOB (M3 HMX 205
MTaJlbflHcKMX) M 700 CaMOJleTOB. ,QBe 6pMTaHcKMe
6poHeTaHKoBbie AMBM3MM M He3aBMCMMbie TaHKO-
Bble 6pMraAbi BblCTaBMJlM 200 «KpY3e AepOB», 200
«rpaHTOB», 50 «CTlOapTOB», 150 «MaTMJlbA» M 100
«BaIleHTa HoB». C HeMe,-\Ko CTOpOHbI15-fI M 21-fI
6poHeTaHKoBbie AMBM3MM B 06Ll.\e CIlO>KHOCTM MMe-
JlM 58 TaHKOB II, 238 TaHKOB III, BoopY>KeHHbiX KO-
pOTKOCTBOJlbHblMM 50-MMJlJlMMeTpOBbIMM 0pYAMfI-
MM, 18 TaHKOB III, BooPY>KeHHbIX 60Jlee 3cpcpeKTMB-
HblMM AIlMHHOCTBOJlbHblMM 50-MMJlJlMMeTpOBbIMM
0PYAMflMM, 41 TaHK IV M 8 KOMaHAHblX TaHKOB, YTO
B KOHeYHOM CyeTe COCTaBJlflJlO 363 TaHKa. B A06a-
BOK K 3TOMY ABe MTaJlbflHCKMe 6poHeTaHKoBbie AM-
BM3MM MMeJlM 205 TaHKOB M- 13. B 3TOM OTHoweHMM
6pMTaHcKafi CTopoHa MMeJla npeMMYLl.\eCTBO KaK B
KOJlMyeCTBe, TaK B HeKoTopoM pOAe M B Ka....ecTBe.
263 TaHKa II M M-13, ....TO COCTaBJlflJlO nOYTM nOJlO-
BMHY repMaHcKMx CMJl, He WJlM HM B KaKoe cpaB-
HeHMe C Jl106blM M3 6pMTaHCKMX TaHKOB. TaHKM III
M IV He BbIAep>KMBaJlM YAapa OPYAM TaHKOB TMna
«rpaHT»73. K TO MY >Ke OHM He MOrllM np06MTb JlO-
60BYIO 6pOHIO 6pMTaHCKMX TaHKOB M MMeJlM cJla6ylO
114
6pOHIO Ha 6awHflx. TOJlbKO 18 TaHKOB III J C AIlMH-
HOCTBOJlbHblMM 0pYAMflMM MOrJlM npoTMBoCTOflTb
6pMTaHcKMM TaHKaM, eCJlM He C....MTaTb «MaTMJlbA».
CKOpOCTb M aBTOHOMHbl PaAMYC Ae CTBMfI Y 06eMX
CTOpOH 6blJlM paBHbIMM. TaHKM III M IV MOrJlM pa3BM-
BaTb CKOpOCTb AO 40 KM/Y, YTO cpaBHMMo C 43 KM/Y
M 40 KM/Y AIlfi «KpY3e AepoB» M «rpaHToB», 60 KM/Y
AIlfi «CTlOapToB» (JlerKMe TaHKM) M Bcero 24 KM/Y
AIlfi «MaTMJlbA» M «BaIleHTa HoB». JJ,aJlbHOCTb aB-
TOHOMHOro Ae cTBMfI B 175 M 200 KMJlOMeTpOB co-
OTBeTCTBeHHO AIlfi TaHKOB III M IV cOM3MepMMa C 200
KMJlOMeTpaMM AIlfi «rpaHToB», 175 KMJlOMeTpaMM
AIlfi "CTlOapToB», 160 KMJlOMeTpaMM AIlfi «KpY3e -
AepoB», 145 KMJlOMeTpaMM AIlfi «BaJleHTa HoB» M
110 KMJlOMeTpaMM AIlfi «MaTMJlbA", Ho POMMeJlb
II1MeJl npeMMYLl.\eCTBa B APyrMx 06JlaCTfix. HeMe,-\-
KMe TaHKM 6blJlM 60Jlee HaAe>KHbl B MexaHM....ecKOM
oTHoweHMM, yeM He6pe>KHO c06paHHbie 6pMTaHcKMe
(MX ryceHM,-\bl He MOrJlM BblAep>KMBaTb 60JlbWMX ne-
peXOAOB). HeMe,-\Kafi npOTMBOTaHKOBafi apTMJlJlepMfI
co CBOMMM 50- M 76-MMJlJlMMeTpOBbIMM (3aXBayeH-
HblMM Y PYCCKMX) 0pYAMflMM, a TaK>Ke 3HaMeHMTblMM
88-MMJlJlMMeTpOBbIMM 0pYAMflMM npeBOCXOAMJla
6pMTaHcKYIO, 40-MMJlJlMMeTpOBble 0pYAMfi KOTOpO
He MOrJlM npo6MTb 6pOHIO HeMe,-\KMX TaHKOB 74 . Ko-
MaHAMp TaHKOBO apMMM 06JlaAaJl onblTOM 60e-
BblX Ae CTBM B nYCTbIHe, Jl106MJl Aep3KMe MaHeB-
pbl M flBJlflJlCfI XOPOWMM KOMaHAMpOM 6pOHeTaHKO-
DblX BO CK, 3TM KayeCTBa nOJlHOCTblO OTcyTCTBOBaIlM
Y ero npOTMBHMKa, reHepaIla PMYM. TaKMM 06pa30M,
POMMeJlb C 60JlbWO AOJle YBepeHHOCTM Mor Ha-
3Ha....MTb HayaJlO HacTynaTeJlbHO onepa,-\MM Ha
26 Mafl.
BTOpoii 6pOCOK BnepeA
(26 MaSi - 21 IOHSI 1942 rOAa)
WTYPM nHHHH AHH-3nb-ra3ana
26 MaSi B 14 yaCOB 00 MMHYT nOCJle yparaHHo
apTMJlJlepM CKo nOAroToBKM XXI M X Kopnyca pM-
HYJlMCb B aTaKY. K HO....M HeMoTopM3MpoBaHHbie MTa-
IlbflHCKMe CMJlbl BblWJlM Ha BepTMKaIlbHYIO JlMHMIO
Ha ypoBHe A11eM-XaM3bl. TeM BpeMeHeM 6pOHeTaH-
KOBble CMJlbl repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca
M XX Kopnyca cnoKo Ho c06MpaIlMcb Ha lOre, a Ha
ceBepe rpY30BMKM C BKJllOyeHHblMM aBMa,-\MoHHbIMM
ABMraTeJlflMM M306pa>KaIlM KOH,-\eHTpa,-\MIO TaHKO-
BblX CMJl. B 21 ....ac 00 MMHYT XX Kopnyc Ha JleBOM
cpIlaHre, a repMaHcKM AcppMKaHcKM Kopnyc M
90-fI AMBM3MfI Ha npaBoM cpJlaHre HayaJlM 06xOA
060pOHMTeJlbHO JlMHMM 6Mp-XaYe M. Ho Ha JleBOM
cpJlaHre XX Kopnyca AMBM3MfI «TpMecT» nOBepHYJla
He B TOM MeCTe M YBfl3Jla Ha MMHHOM nOJle K ceBepy
OT 6Mp-XaYe Ma. 27 MaSl, nOKa AMBM3MfI «ApMeT-
Ta» 06pywMJlaCb Ha 060pOHMTeJlbHbie n03M,-\MM
6Mp-Xa....e Ma, CBfl3aB CMJlbl npoTMBHMKa, repMaH-
CKM AcppMKaHcKM Kopnyc npoweJl 6Mp-XaYe M B
6 yaCOB 30 MMHYT. 3aTeM, nOBepHYB 3a JlMHMe
060POHbi HanpaBo, OH PMHYJlCfI Ha ceBep. Ho TYT
cMTya,-\MfI 060CTpMJlaCb, TaK KaK HeM,-\aM He YAa-
JlOCb AO KOH,-\a 06MaHYTb 6pMTaHcKoe KOMaHAoBa-
HMe. B AeJlO Ha....aJlM BKJllOyaTbCfI nOApa3AeJleHMfI
(B TOM YMCJle M 6pOHeTaHKOBafi 6pMraAa), He 06Ha-
pY>KeHHble BOBpeMfi HeMe,-\KO pa3BeAKO . rep-
MaHcKM AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc HaTKHYJlCfI Ha 3-10
MHAM CKYIO (MOTOpM3MpoBaHHYIO) 6pMraAY, KOTO-
PYIO CMeJl co cBoero nYTM, YCTpeMMBwMcb AaJlbWe
Ha Ha TC6pMA>K, HO 6blJl OCTaHOBJleH K lOry OT
TpMrx-Kany,-\,-\o 1- 6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3Me . A
Ha npaBoM cpJlaHre Kopnyca 90-fI AMBM3MfI 3aXBa-
TMJla wTa6-KBapTMpy 7 - 6poHeTaHKoBo AMBM3MM
M HaHeCJla CYLl.\eCTBeHHbl YPOH 4- 6poHeTaHKO-
BO 6pMraAe. Ho M HeMe,-\KMe nOTepM 6blJlM BeJlMKM,
TaK KaK OHM BnepBble CTOJlKHYJlMCb C aMepMKaH-
CKMMM TaHKaMM «rpaHT". npeBOCXOAMBWMMM no
KayeCTBY TaHKM III. K KOH,-\Y AHfI repMaHCKM Acp-
pMKaHCKM Kopnyc nOTepflJl TpeTb CBOMX TaHKOB.
15-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafi AMBM3MfI npaKTM....eCKM M3pac-
XOAOBaIla BeCb CBO 60e3anac, Aa M 3anaCbl Ton-
JlMBa nOAXOAMJlM K KOH,-\Y. K CO>KaJleHMIO, KOJlOHHa
cHa6>KeHMfI OTCTaIla Ha HeCKOJlbKO MMJlb, M nepeA
HeM,-\aMM 3aMaflYMJla yrp03a OKpY>KeHMfI. Ka3a-
JlOCb, YT06bl M36e>KaTb HeHY>KHOrO pMCKa, pa3YM-
Hee 6blJlO 6bl oTcTynMTb, HO POMMeJlb CAeJlaJl npo-
TMBOnOJlO>KHoe. OH peWMJl COBepWMTb 6pOCKM ABY-
Mfl 6pOHeTaHKOBblMM AMBM3MflMM repMaHCKoro
AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca 3a Ha TC6pMA>K K 6epery,
a 90- AMBM3Me Ha BOCTOK B HanpaBJleHMM K 3Jlb-
Ap,eMY. 28 M 29 MaSi He 6e3 cYM6ypa repMaHO-MTa-
JlbflHCKMe CMJlbl MeAIleHHO OCYLl.\eCTBJlflJlM 3TOT Ma-
HeBp. JJ,Be MTaJlbflHCKMe AMBM3MM XX Kopnyca no-
TepflJlM KOHTaKT C repMaHCKMM AcppMKaHCKMM
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MTaIlbflHCKMX nOApa3AeJleHM . WTa6 TaHKOBO ap-
MMM He CYMeJl yCTaHoBMTb CBfl3b C POMMeJleM, Ha-
XOAMBWMMCfI Ha JlMHMM cppOHTa. npM OTCYTCTBMM
CBfl3M M KOMaHAOBaHMfI no TaHKOBO apMMM nOnOJl3-
JlM HeJlenble CJlYXM: «AcppMKaHCKM Kopnyc OKPy-
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115
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La seconde offensive de Rommel
(janvier - fevrier 1942)
Rommel's second offensive
(January - February 1942)
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Ho POMMeJlfl He TaK npOCTO 6blJl0 OCTaHOBMTb.
C nepBblMM JlyyaMM COJlH,-\a 29 MaSi OH JlMYHO B3f1Jl
Ha ce6f1 KOMaHAoBaHMe KOJlOHHO cHa6>KeHMfI M
npOBeJl ee Ha coeAMHeHMe C repMaHcKMM AcppM-
KaHCKMM KopnycoM, KOTOpbl nOCJle 3TOro 06peJl
cnoc06HoCTb K MaHeBpMpoBaHMIO. 3aTeM OH npM-
Ka3aIl nO,QAep>KMBalOLl.\e neXOTe 3aKpenMTbcfI Ha
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OTO TM Ha3aA Ha 3anaA M CAeJlaTb npOXOA B MMH-
HOM nOJle Me>KAY CMAM-MYCPTax M 6Mp-XaYe MOM,
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onepa,-\MfI HayaIlaCb 30 MaSi npM nO,QAep>KKe caMO-
JleTOB 326- 3CKaAPMJlbM JllOcpTBacpcpe. Ho 6pMTaH-
CKMe CMJlbl OKa3aIlM ynopHoe conpOTMBJleHMe B HM-
3M He rOT-3Jlb-BaJle6, np03BaHHO «KOTJlOBaH», K
lOry OT TpMrx-Kany,-\,-\o. npOpblB oCYLl.\eCTBMJlM 31
MaSl, 3000 6pMTaHcKMx COJlAaT 6blJlM B3f1Tbl B nJleH,
B JlMHMM 060POHbi M Ha MMHHblX nOJlflX 6blJla 06pa-
30BaHa 6pewb WMpMHO 8 KMJlOMeTpOB, n03BOJlfl-
lOLl.\afl opraHM30BaTb npOYHbl nJla'-\AapM. Ho 3Ta
n06eAa 6blJla oMpa....eHa ABYMfI neyaIlbHblMM Bec-
TflMM: B3f1TMeM B nJleH reHepaJla KpIOBeIlJla 75 M
3BaKya,-\Me ABYX rllaBHblX copaTHMKoB POMMeJlfl,
rayca M BecTcpaJlfl, KOTopble 6blJlM cepbe3Ho paHe-
Hbl BO BpeMfi MHcneK,-\MoHHO noe3AKM Ha cppOHT.
HecMoTpfl Ha HeYAaYM npeAbIAYLl.\MX AHe , OT-
BeT PMYM 6blJl peWMTeJlbHbIM. OH 6pOCMJl 6pMTaH-
CKYIO KOpOJleBCKYIO aBlI1a,-\MIO Ha TO, ....T06bl He AaTb
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CKO 060pOHe 6peWblO. Ha IO>KHOM KOH,-\e JlMHMM
060POHbi PM....M npMKa3aIl CBOMM Bo cKaM (4000 ye-
JlOBeK M3 cppaH,-\Y3cKO 6pMraAbi reHepaIla KoeHM-
ra COBMeCTHO C 3JleMeHTaMM 7 - 6poHeTaHKoBo
6pMraAbi M 3- MHAM CKO MOTOpM3MpoBaHHo
6pMraAbl) 060pOHflTb 6Mp-XaYe M. 111M 6blJlO npM-
Ka3aHO Aep>KaTbCfI Jl1060 ,-\eHO , YT06bl CBfl3aTb
KaK MO>KHO 60JlbWe CMJl npoTMBHMKa. 1 MIOHSI PM....M
nOCJlaJl Ha HeMe,-\KMe n03M,-\MM 150-10 6poHeTaHKo-
BYIO 6pMraAY, HO OHa 6blJla YHM....TO>KeHa COBMeCT-
HblMM CMJlaMM AMBM3MM «TpMecT», 15- 6poHeTaH-
KOBO AMBM3Me M 90- AMBM3Me . CnpaBMBwMcb
C 3TO yrp030 , POMMeJlb HanpaBMJl AMBM3MM «TpM-
eCT» M 90-10 K 6Mp-XaYe MY AIlfi 3aBepweHMfI OK-
PY>KeHMfI npoTMBHMKa. nOcJle 3TOro 2 MIOHSI OH pe-
WMJl npMocTaHoBMTb AaJlbHe Wee HacTynJleHMe AO
TOro MOMeHTa, nOKa He 6YAeT nOJlHOCTblO YHMYTO-
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MMHYT YTPOM 5 MIOHSI nOCJle AOJlrMX cOMHeHM PM-
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CKOOPAMHMpoBaHHafi aTaKa HM K ....eMY He npMBeJla.
100 TaHKOB 6blJlO nOA6MTo, a reHepaJl MeccepBM,
PYKOBOAflLl.\M aTaKo , 6blJl B3f1T B nJleH 76 ! 6 MIOHSI
POMMeJlb npOBeJl KOHTpaTaKY M YHMYTO>KMJl nOA-
pa3AeJleHMfI npoTMBHMKa, cKoH,-\eHTpMpoBaHHble B
«KOTJlOBaHe», BblBeAfi M3 CTpOfi eLl.\e 56 TaHKOB
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conpOTMBJleHMe 6YAeT nOAaBJleHO, TaHKOBafi ap-
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3aTeM B03bMeT T06pYK (18-20 MIOHfI). KeCCeJlb-
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onepa,-\MfI AOJl>KHa 6blTb 3aKOH....eHa caMoe n03AHee
25 MIOHfI.
8 MIOHSI B 6 yaCOB 20 MMHYT 45 nMKMpYIOLl.\MX
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10 «MeccepwMMAT-110» nOA npMKpblTMeM 54 MC-
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Xa....e Ma. OAHaKo neXOTa 6blJla eLl.\e He roToBa K
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npOCMJl «eLl.\e OAMH nOCJleAHM » HaJleT JllOcpTBacp-
cpe. Ho reHepaJl cpOH BaJlbAay OTBeTMJl, YTO no
3TO eAMHcTBeHHo ,-\eJlM Y>Ke 6blJlO CAeJlaHO 1030
BbIJleTOB. KeCCeJlbpMHr 6blJl B flpOCTM M OTYMTaJl
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OH nMcaIl: «OYeHb neyaJlbHO, ....TO 3a ycnewHo M
MOLl.\HO aTaKO nMKMpYIOLl.\MX 60M6apAMpOBLl.\MKOB
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neXOTbl apMMM. 3Ta onepa,-\MfI He n03BOJlMJla JlIOCPT-
Bacpcpe BblnOJlHMTb APyrMe He MeHee Ba>KHble 3a-
AaYM». 3aTeM OH OmpaBMJl POMMeJlIO YJlbTMMaTYM:
«O>KMAalO, YTO 3aBTpa (11 MIOHfI) 3a nOJlHOMaCW-
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C XaYe MoM». Ho B TOT caMbl MOMeHT, KorAa Kec-
CeJlbpMHr nOCblJlaIl POMMeJlIO 3TO nOCJlaHMe, reHe-
118
paIl PMYM AaIl pa3peweHMe KoeHMry Ha 3BaKya,-\MIO
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MeJl npecnOKO HO nOKMHYTb roPOA B HOYb C 10 Ha
11 MIOHfI.
nOcJle naAeHMfI 6Mp-XaYe Ma POMMeJlb CMor
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3MM «TpMecT», 15-10 6poHeTaHKoBYIO M 90-10, a
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Ha ceBepo-BocTOK K Ha TC6pMA>KY M 3Jlb-A,QeMY.
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weJl Ha IO>KHYIO oKpaMHY TpMrx-Kany,-\,-\o, HO 6blJl
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11M 6pMTaHCKMe TaHKOBble nOApa3AeJleHMfI, nOAAep-
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MeJlb He COMHeBaJlCfI B ycnexe, TaK KaK roPOA 6blJl
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16 ....acOB 30 MMHYT, OTOWJlM Ha3aA, OCTaBMB HacTY-
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MHAM CKO 6pMraAbi 6blJlO nOAaBJleHO. B 9 yaCOB
119
L'attaque de la liQne d'A"in el Gazala
(26 - 2f'mai 1942)
The attack on the Ain el Gazala line
(26 - 27 may 1942)
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La bataille d' A'in el G aza l
encerclement de Sir Hakeim
(1- Juin 1942)
The battle of A"in el Gazala
encirclement of Sir Hakeim
(1 June 1942)
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La bataille d' Ain el Gazala
percee sur Tobrouk
111 - 17 juin 19421
The battle of A"in el Gazala
Breakout towards Tobruk
(11 - 17 June 19421
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La prise de Tobrouk
Uuin 19421
The capture of Tobruk
(June 1942)
PERIMETRE OEFENSIF
DE T08ROUK
DEFENSIVE PERIMETER
AROUND TOORUI(
III
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00 MMHYT 6blJl B3f1T a3poAPoM Ha BOCTOYHOM KOH,-\e
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Hbl nOCJleAHMe MCKpbl conpoTMBIleHMfI. 23 220 ye-
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Pa3BeJlKa B CTOPOHY ErHnTa
(21-29 HIOHR 1941 rOJla)
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125
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The Battle of Mersa Matruh
(26 - 27 June 1942)
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The Ba ttle of E fAlameln,
The Break out
Imite CIf1WI1aIe d-. chllmpa de mines de I'a_
eastern limit o' &XI. mlnefNtlda
"endue des c"-rnps de mmee britannlQun
eJCtef'It 01 BritISh rom.'ieIds
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l'l!chec germano-ita lien devant
Alam EI Haifa (30 aout - 2 sept. 1942)
The Axis failure in fronl of Alam EI Haifa
.
,
,
,
LEGEND
-/ [ACH[D INCN
_0Pf1U.1'JON'S11IIOY
... c::PDl&T1OtIS 3NOY
ca:. 0II'!RATK:Id 4 NOY
J, :r.IlllAT1 IOJII
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185
Deuxieme bataille d'EI Alamein
la percee britannique
(23 octobre - 2 novembre 1942)
Second battle of EI Alamein
the british breakthrough
(23 October - 2 November 1942)
I . .
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191
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OH onMcaIl CBO nJlaH oTcTynJleHMfI B TYHMC, coeAM-
HeHMfI TaM C rpynno reHepaJla HepMHa, ocy ecT-
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CKa, a nOTOM M TO, YTO OCTaJlOCb OT ero TaHKOBO
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192
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pa oHe Myna HaCTMmM repMaHcKM AcppMKaH-
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21 AeKa6pSl MOHTroMepM B0306HOBMJl HacTyn-
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TaHKoBo apMMM. HapfiAY C HOpMaJlbHblMM MMHHbl-
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C TeM YCJlOBMeM, ....TO OH 38Aep>KMT TaM 6pMTaHCKMe
BO CKa Ha MaKCMMaIlbHO AOJlrM nepMOA. OAHaKO
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pOBaJl CBOM JlMHMM cHa6>KeHMfI M Ha3Ha....MJl Ha 15
flHBapfi WTYPM 6yepaTa.
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nOAroToBKM M B03AywHoro HaIleTa 51-fI neXOTHafi
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36 HeMe,-\KMx M 57 MTaJlbflHCKMX, YAapMJlM B my6b
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A B 3TO BpeMfi Ha ceBepe OCTaTKM repMaHcKoro
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npOTMBHL-1Ka M nepeWJlM Ha BHYTpeHHlO1O JlMHMIO
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La reconquete de la Cyrena"ique
par la 8th Army, de Tobrouk a EI Agheila
Reconquest of Cyrena"ica
194
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cMcTeMY POMMeJlfl. <DeJlbAMapWaIl, nOJlHbl OnTMMM3Ma M 3HeprMM B Ha....aIle 1941 roAa, BecHo 1942-ro
YCTaIl M Tenepb AYMaJl He 0 n06eAe, a 0 TOM, KaK cnaCTM CBOMX JlIOAe M CBeCTM K MMHMMYMY nOTepM, ....TO
OH M CAeIlaIl npM CBoeM BeJlMKOJlenHO opraHM30BaHHOM oTcTynIleHMM.
XOTfi nOTepfi nMBMM He 03Ha....aIla npeKpaLl.\eHMfI BO Hbl B CeBepHO AcppMKe, 3TO Y>Ke 6blIlO Ha....aJlO
KOH,-\a. HeMe,-\Koe BepXOBHoe KOMaHAOBaHMe BHe3anHO OC03HaIlO Ba>KHOCTb acppMKaHcKoro TeaTpa BoeH-
HblX Ae CTBM M nOCIlaIlO B TYHMC 3Ha....MTeIlbHble CMJlbl, KOTopble MomM 6bl nOMO'-lb POMMeJlIO He nOTepflTb
nOIlHOCTblO nMBMIO. Ho Bce 3TO npOM30WIlO CJlMWKOM n03AHO, ....T06bl M3MeHMTb XOA C06bITM . repMaHO-
MTaJlbflHCKMe CMJlbl nOCJle yeTblpex MeCfI,-\eB 6e3HaAe>KHO 60pb6bl BbIHY>KAeHbl 6blJlM CAaTbCfI...
HeCMOTpfl Ha BTopOCTeneHHoe 3Ha....eHMe 3Toro cppOHTa (B nMBMM 6blJlO 3aAe CTBOBaHO He 60Ilee
nflTM AMBM3M , a Ha BOCTO....HOM cppOHTe cpa>KaJlOCb HeCKOIlbKO AIO>KMH), nMBM!;1cKafi KaMnaHMfI 06paTMIla
Ha ce6f1 06Ll.\eCTBeHHOe BHMMaHMe B repMaHMM. TorAa pOAMJlCfI MMcp, KOTOpbl1ll >KMB M nOHblHe. 3TO 6blJl
MMcp, YMblWJleHHO C03A8HHbl repMaHCKMMM BJlaCTflMM, MCnOJlb3yeMbl nponaraHAMCTCKO MaWMHO AIlfi
OTBJleyeHMfI BHMMaHMfI, MMcp 0 TOM, ....TO ropfl....Me neCKM 60Ilee pOMaHTM....Hbl, ....eM XOIlOAHble, nOKpblTble
CHerOM CTenM. LJacTM....HO OH 06f13aH CBoeMY CYLl.\eCTBOBaHMIO JlM....HOCTM POMMeJlfl M CTpaHHOMY xapaKTepy
3TO KaMnaHMM - «BO Hbl 6e3 HeHaBMCTM", eCIlM npO,-\MTlI1pOBaTb c06CTBeHHoe Bblpa>KeHMe KOMaHAMpa
repMaHcKoro AcppMKaHcKoro Kopnyca, BO Hbl Ha TeppMTopMM, rAe Cpa>KaIlMCb TOJlbKO apMMM, He BTfirMBafi
B CBOIO 60pb6y MeCTHoe rpa>KAaHCKOe HaCeJleHMe. 111 XOTfi 3Ta BO Ha M CTOMJla >KM3HM 10 000 HeM,-\eB M
MTaJlbflH,-\eB, norM6wMx B nMBMM M ErMnTe, ee HeJlb3f1 cpaBHMTb C 6ecnOLl.\aAHO , TOTaIlbHo MAeOJlOrM-
....ecKo BO HO , ,-\apMBwe Ha BOCTO....HOM cppoHTe...
npHnOJKeHHe 1
<l>oTorpaclnu1 M3 nMLfHoro anb60Ma MaMopa Wp3nnepa,
aAblOTaHTa POMMenSi
1--
.."
"
, ........'
.\ "
,
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I
\
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"
,
."
,
..
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. .
.... .. . .
;
".
Mai10p Wp3nIlep 1-1 POMMeIlb
(BecHa 1941 roAa)
11
,
..
f
f _.
....
11'''.
l- .
J ,
, -
-
--- -
Mai10p Wp3nIlep (B LjeHTpe), MaCiop LlI-1MMepMaH (cnpaBa), MaCiop WYIlbTe-6poK3I-1H (cIleBa)
197
Y EiapAIIIIII. >K1II3Hb Ha n031111.1111111 B nYCTblHe (anpel1b 1941 rOAa)
I
.. ,.--=-.. -4.
---....,... ..
.'
...
--
,
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l
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. ....
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....
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,\ \
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,-
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198
-;
,
-
.
-
.
.. .
.... .
.'
f
'-
.
..
,
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l
.. or-
BM3MT reHepana II'ITano rapM6anbAM (T06pYK, 12 an penH 1941 rOAa)
...... -
'- ,
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,j'
.....
t,
. f
.",.....
..
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. "
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t'
...
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-
199
>..
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l
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....
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---
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.
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......
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w ...
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t-
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...
. .............
... - IW' .
.... .'
MaMOp Wp3nnep nOA T06pYKoM (anpenb - i-1IOHb 1941 rOAa)
...
.
...
"-.
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...
"-
If" .........
,-.
...
- -
. 1,'
"I
ir- .. - .
_A
_. .... '\
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,
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..
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4
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41i
......
j -
.- - _...
- .. --
l -. '" --
,. 4
.- ,-
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.- ---
____ or :-' - W:-
_ :::. -.. .Co
...
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. "'"
.... .. -.
... . .
..- r....
,-
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.... ...
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....
- "4;
200
-
.'
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.,
oS.
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.... --
't!a..a."V_""II!b..-"': _
-. ". .
. ...
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,... -
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Ha n06epe)l(be 3anaAHee To6pYKa (MaM - i-1IOHb 1941 rOAa)
." .... 4:-.
! ?..:... . :- --. . :-..
- '"..
..A.....""'. ..
-- ./
::....
..:. ...
. .'
.
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1
t -
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,, ...-.....- y , .iii
. -,- ,:!-. . -.:;",;J .
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... 1o.
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---
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..
--
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- :::.:. :. \ -' -
- -..........
. .''-A._ - '" _. _...- _.......<.1IIIiiC- --=-
'!P-"-_.. ..... : .; ;- ----...
'V! - -: :.' ':r.... ; .,.,.......
- . -4 '''' ..-
-.. £ ._--
oL.
.-.
.-
...
4
-"
..
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201
nocne 6i-1TBbl 33 3c-COnnYM
-
(\1-'. it
...
-
., , \
" .
) J.,. .II}.;;
--:- ' -
\
A
.... '.....
.
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...... . I \
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202
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,
KOMaHAi-1pbl repMaHCKOrO A$pi-1KaHCKOrO Kopnyca
,
l
. ,.
.,..
-
.r_
I
-
--
.
.
CIleBa HanpaBO: reHepan-IleCiTeHaHT
nlOABl-1r KplOBeIlIl, o6epcmeCiTeHaHT
repxapA MIOIlIlep 1-1 MaCiop Wp3nIlep
c ocpl-1L1epaMI-1 I-1TanbRHCKO
AI-1BI-131-11-1 «naBI-1R"
...
f.,
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\
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,
...
I
..
-
.....-
L
(
.- '\
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reHepaIl-Ma op He MaH-CI-1IlKOB
203
KOMaHAMpbl repMaHCKOrO A4JpMKaHcKOrO Kopnyca
-
........
.
I
POMMeIlb
..........
'"
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. -4l - .- .
,. I ...........
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204
Ha oxoye 3a ra3elISlMM
" I I
l I
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..-
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... --
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205
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nOcneAHMe OTOrpa MM Maiiiopa Wp3nnepa
t
.
-
-
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.... .- ...
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"
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1
f , ,
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Ma op Wp3nIlep
M o6epcmeCiTeHaHT
KHa6e
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.......t..I-..,..
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206
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k
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npHnOJKeHHe 2
nOApa3AeneHMSI nlO TBa e, 3aAeMcTBoBaHHbie
B CeBepHoM A pMKe M Ha CpeAM3eMHOM Mope B nepMOA
nMBMMCKOMKaMnaHMM
(cI1eBpanb 1941 rOAa - SlHBapb 1943 rOAa)
Bo BpeMfi KaMnaHMM B nMBMM M ErMme IllOqnBacpcpe MrpaIlM AOCTaTOYHO Ba>KHYIO pOIlb. MHorMe nOA-
pa3AeIleHMfI Ae CTBOBaIlM B COCTaBe X B03AYWHoro Kopnyca (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIla aBMal..\MM
raHca re CIlepa AO aBrycTa 1942 rOAa, a nOTOM AO AeKa6pfl1942 rOAa reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHTa OTTO Xocpcp-
MaHa) M 2-ro B03AywHoro cpIloTa (noA KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIl-cpeIlbAMapwaIla KecceIlbpMHra). OHM
OCYL4eCTBIlflIlM B03AYWHYlO nOAAep>KKY nOApa3AeIleHMflM repMaHCKoro AcppMKaHCKoro Kopnyca, 60M6M-
11M CTpaTerMyeCKM Ba>KHble 06beKTbi (nopTbl, AoporM), a TaK>Ke B CpeAM3eMHOM Mope oxpaHflIlM KOHBOM,
nepeB03f1L4Me >KMBYIO CMIlY M BoopY>KeHMe. HM>Ke npMBeAeH cnMCOK Bcex nOApa3AeIleHM , KOTopble TaK
MIlM MHaye COAe CTBOBaIlM repMaHCKOMY AcppMKaHCKOMY Kopnycy, CIOAa >Ke BXOAMT M 60M6apAMpOBKa
MaIlbTbl. XOTfi B nMBMM M CYL4eCTBOBaIlO HeCKOIlbKO a3pOAPOMOB, 60IlbWMHCTBO 3TMX nOApa3AeIleHM
6a3MpOBaIlOCb B CMI..\MIlMM. ABMal..\MfI, 6a3MpOBaBwaflCfI B nMBMM, HaXOAMIlaCb nOA HenocpeACTBeHHblM
KOMaHAOBaHMeM reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHTa <DplOIlMxa - KOMaHAYIOL4erO IllOcpTBacpcpe B AcppMKe. (06paTMTe
BHMMaHMe, YTO B 3TOM cnMCKe pMMCKMMM I..\McppaMM 0603HayeHbi rpynnbl, HeCKOIlbKO TaKMX rpynn 06pa30-
BblBaIlM 3CK8ApMIlblO. Apa6cKMMM I..\McppaMM 0603HayeHbi 3BeHbfl, HeCKOIlbKO TaKMX 3BeHbeB 06pa30Bbl-
BaIlM rpynny.)
1) nOJlpa3JleneHHR JlHeSHblX HCTpe6HTeneH
(Jagdgeschwader-JG), HO'lHblX HCTpe6HTeneH
(Nacht-Jagdgeschwader-NJG) H TRJKenblX
HCTpe6HTeneH (Zerstiirer-Geschwader-ZG):
-1I.lJG 2
-1I.lJG 3
- 7.1JG 26 (MIOHb - II1IOIlb 1941 roAa)
- 11.1JG 26
-I./JG 27 (anpeIlb - ceHTfl6pb 1941 roAa)
-1I.lJG 27 (MIOIlb 1941 - HOfl6pb 1942 roAa)
-1II.lJG 27 (AeKa6pb 1941 - HOfl6pb 1942 roAa)
- II.lJG 53 (IleTo 1942 roA8)
- III.lJG 53 (AeKa6pb 1942 roAa)
-1.lJG 77 (Ilero 1942 rOAa, onepaLlMfI Ha ManbTe)
- II. 111 III/JG 77 (OKTfl6pb 1942 - flHBapb 1943
roAa)
- I./NJG 2 (IleTO 1942 roA8)
-1./NJG 3 (1941 roA)
-1II.lZG 1 (ceHTfl6pb - OKTfl6pb 1942 roAa)
- III./ZG 26
2) WTypMosble nOJlpa3JleneHHR (Stuka-
Geschwader-StG, n03JKe Schlacht-
Geschwader-SG):
-1II.lStG 1 (anpeIlb - Ma 1941 roAa, HaneTbl Ha
ManbTY)
- K. Gr.z.b.V. 400
- StG 3 (1941-1942 rOAbl)
- I.lStG 4
- 3.1StG 102
-1.lSG 1
- I./SG 2
- I./SG 4
3) nOJlpa3JleneHHR 60M6apJlHpOSU4HKOS
(Kampf-Geschwader-KG):
- (K) LG 1 (y....e6Hoe nOApa3AeIleHII1e, OTnpaB-
IleHHoe Ha cppOHT)
- 2.1KG 4 (c flHBapfl1941 roA8, HaneTbl Ha Manb-
TY, MII1HMpOBaHlI1e CY3L1KOro KaHana, aTaKII1 Ha
KOHBOIl1)
- III./KG 4 (OKTfl6pb - AeKa6pb 1942 roA8)
-I./KG 54 (1942 roA, HaneTbl Ha ManbTY)
-III./KG 54 (1942 roA)
-I. II1I1.1KG 74 (c HOfl6pfl1942 roAa)
-II. M III./KG 77 (c MapTa 1942 rOA8, HaneTbl Ha
ManbTY)
4) nOJlpa3JleneHHR TpaHcnopTHoH aSHaLlHH
(Transport Geschwader-TG):
- IV.fTG 1
- K. Gr.z.b.V. 300 (60eBafi rpynna cnel..\lI1anbHOro
Ha3Ha....eHII1f1)
207
- IIl.fTG 4
-14.fTG 4
- K. Gr.z.b.V. 513
- K. Gr.z.b.V. BII1TTCTOK
5) Pa3SeJlbiSaTenbHbie nOJlpa3JleneHHR
(AufkUirer-Aufkl.):
- 1.(F) 121 (F-Fern: my60Kafi pa3BeAKa)
- Autkl. Gr. (F) 122
- 1.(F)/122
- 2.(F)/122
- 2.(F)/123
- Luftbild-Staffel (3CKaAPIl1Ilbfl a3pocpoTocbeMKII1)
- 2.(H)/14 (Pz) (3CKaAPIl1Ilbfl pa3BeAKII1 AIlfi 6po-
HeTaHKOB X nOApa3AeIleHII1 Ha3eMH X
BO CK)
6) nOJlpa3JleneHHR MOpCKOH H npH6peJKHOH
aSHaLlHH (KDstenflieger H Seenot):
- 1./KO.Fl.Gr. 406
- 1./KO.Fl.Gr. 506
- 1./KO.Fl.Gr. 906
- 3./Seenautkl. Gr. 125 (pa3BeAKa Ha Mope)
- Wekuska 2 (MeTeopOIlOrll1....ecKafi 3CKaAPIl1Ilbfl)
7) 3eHHTHbie nOJlpa3JleneHHR:
- 3eHII1THafi pOTa 1./33 (npll16blIla BMeCTe C 5-
AII1BII13I11e B cpeBpane 1941 roAa)
- WTa6HoCi 3eHII1THbiCi nOIlK (MOTOpIl13I11pOBaH-
Hbl ) 102 (npll16bl1l B Ha....ane 1941 roAa)
- 19. 3eHII1THbl AII1BII131110H (aBrycT 1942 - 1943
rOAa, C 3eHII1THblMII1 pOTaMII1 (MOTOpIl13I11pOBaH-
HbIMII1) 1./18, 1./33, 1./43, 1./46 11111./25)
- WTa6Ho 3eHII1THbl nOIlK 102
- WTa6HoCi 3eHII1THbl nOIlK 114
- nexoTHblCi 3eHII1THbl 6aTaIlbOH 606 (MOTOpll1-
3111poBaHHb1Ci)
- 20. 3eHII1THbiCi AII1BII131110H (npll16blIl B HOfl6pe
1942-ro C 3eHII1THblMII1 nOIlKaMII1 102111135)
npHnOJKeHHe 3
OCHoBHble KOMaHAMpbl TaHKoBoM apMMM «A pMKa»
B nepMoA KaMnaHMM B nMBMM M ErMnTe
(cI1eBpanb 1941 rOAa - SlHBapb 1943 rOAa)
C cpeBpanfi 1941 roAa no flHBapb 1943 roAa 37 reHepanoB (11111111 nOIlKOBHII1KOB) HaXOAII1IlIl1Cb Ha BeAYLlIII1X
KOMaHAHblX nOCTaX B nll1BlI1l11111 Erll1me (TaHKoBafi apMII1f1 ..AcppIl1Ka», repMaHCKII1 Acppll1KaHCKII1Ci Kopnyc 111 AII1BII1-
3111111, BXOAfiLlIlI1e B COCTaB 3TII1X ABYX cpOpMlI1pOBaHII1Ci). 3TII1 BeAYLlIlI1e cpll1rypbl TlI1nll1....Hbl AIlfi KaMnaHII1111, B KOTOpoCi
npll1HII1Manll1 Y....aCTlI1e MHOrll1e KOMaHAlI1pbl 111 B oc06eHHOCTII1 KOMaHAlI1pbl AII1BII13111 . 3a ABa roAa B 5- IlerKo ne-
XOTHO AII1BII13111111 (BnOCIleACTBII1I11 21-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafI AII1BII13111f1) 111 15- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AII1BII13111111 CMeHII1IlOCb He
MeHee BOCbMII1 KOMaHAlI1pOB, B 90- AII1BII13111111 (c II1IOIlfi 1941 roAa no flHBapb 1943 roAa) - AeBflTb KOMaHAlI1pOB,
B 164- AII1BII13111111 (c aBrycTa 1942-ro no flHBapb 1943 roAa) - weCTb. BCfI 3Ta 6ecKoHe....Hafll\enb nepeMeH CBfI-
3aHa C nepeHanpfl>KeHlI1eM (PoMMeIlb 3aCTaBIlflIl KOMaHAlI1pOB, HaXOAfiLlIII1XCfI nOA ero PYKOBOACTBOM, pa60TaTb
Ha 1I13HOC), 60Ile3HflMII1 (YCIlOBII1f1 >K1I13HII1 B nycTblHe 6blIlll1 o....eHb TfI>KeIlbIMII1), a B OCHOBHOM TfI>KeCTblO 60eB (noc-
TOflHHafi 3aBII1CII1MOCTb OT MeCTHblX YCIlOBII1 , Cnel\lI1cpll1....HOCTb npOBOAII1MblX onepal\II1Ci 111 nOCTOflHHoe HaXO>KAeHlI1e
B 30He 60eBbix Ae cTBII1Ci). L-13 37 reHepanoB (11111111 nOIlKOBHII1KOB), 3aHII1MaBWII1X OCHOBHble KOMaHAHble nOCTbl BO
BpeMfi 3TO KaMnaHII1111, ....eTblpe (cpOH PaHAoB, cpOH npll1TBII1l\ YHA racpcppoH, He MaH-CII1IlKOB 111 31OMepMaH) 6bl-
11111 y6l11Tbl, eCIlIl1 OTHeCTII1 K 3TOMY ....II1CIlY Ha3Ha....eHHoro BpeMeHHo KOMaHAlI1pOM TaHKoBo apMlI1111 WTYMMe, KOTO-
pbl YMep OT cepAe....Horo npll1cTYna BO BpeMfi B03AYWHOro HaneTa, TO 6YAeT nflTb; wecTepo 6blIlll1 paHeHbl (He-
pll1Hr, <DeH, cpOH n1l16eHWTe H, cpOH 6l11cMapK, cpOH 33e6eK 111 KIleMaHH), a Tpoe B3f1Tbl B nIleH (KpIOBeIlIl, cpOH
TOMa 111 cpOH PaBeHWTe H). XOTfl14 reHepanoB BbiWIlll11113 CTpOfi BO BpeMfi 60eBbiX Ae cTBII1 . 6YAY....1I1 y6111TblMII1,
paHeHHblMII1 11111111 B3f1TbIMII1 B nIleH, 3TO COCTaBIlfieT Beero IlIl1Wb 38% OT 06Ll1ero ....lI1cIla. B 3TOM CMblCIle Ha....ano
KaMnaH1I1111 OKa3anOCb AOBOIlbHO KpoBOnpOIlIl1THbIM. 3a nepBble ABeHaAl\aTb MeCfll\eB 60eB (c MapTa 1941-ro no
MapT 1942 roAa) POMMeIlb nOTepflIl He MeHee WeCTII1 KOMaHAlI1pOB: cpOH npll1TBII11..\a, KOMaHAlI1pa 15- 6pOHeTaH-
KOBO AII1BII13111111, y6111TOro B anpeIle 1941 roAa; He MaH-CII1IlKOBa 111 3lOMepMaHa, KOMaHAlI1pOB 15- 6poHeTaHKo-
BO 111 90-Ci AII1BII13111 nOCTlI1ma Ta >Ke Y....acTb B AeKa6pe 1941 roAa; cpOH PaBeHWTe H, KOMaHAMp 21- 6poHeTaH-
KOBO AII1B1I13111111, 6bl1l B3f1T B nIleH B H0fI6pe 1941 roAa, a KplOBeIlIl B MapTe 1942 roAa; cpOH 33e6eK, KOMaHAlI1p
15- 6poHeTaHKoBo Alii BII13111 111 , 6bl1l paHeH B II1IOIle 1941 roAa. CYAb6a Bcex 3TII1X BblCOKonOCTaBIleHHblX cpll1ryp
roBOpll1T 0 Hanpfl>KeHHOCTII1 60eB B nll1BlI1111 111 Erll1me 111 0 Tex CYPOBblX YCIlOBII1f1X, B KOTOpblX BbIHY>K.QeHbl 6blIlM
>KII1Tb IlIOAII1, II1cnblTblBaBWlI1e Ha ce6e CYPOBOCTb KJlIl1MaTa 111 HeAoCTaToK HopManbHOCi nll1Ll1I11. 3TO TaK>Ke roBOpll1T
111 0 CTII1Ile KOMaHAOBaHII1f1 POMMeIlfl, Tpe60BaBwero OT nOA....II1HeHHblx eMY KOMaHAlI1pOB HaXOAII1TbCfI KaK MO>KHO
6IlIl1>Ke K IlIl1HII1I11 cppOHTa AIlfi 60Ilee OnepaTII1BHoro KOMaHAOBaHII1f1. POMMeIlb 111 caM KOMaHAoBan C IlIl1HII1I11 CPPOH-
Ta, 111 3TO ....YAO, ....TO KOMaHAlI1p TaHKoBo apMlI1111 He 6blIl Hili y6111T, Hili paHeH 111 He nonan B nIleH. C APYro CTOpOHbl,
OH 3a60IleIlll1 B nOCIleAHlI1e MeCfll\bl KaMnaH1I1111 6bl1l Y>Ke CIlOMIleHHblM KaK cp1l13111....eCKII1, TaK M MopanbHO...
TBHKOSBR rpynnB, n03JKe TBHKOSBR BpMHR
«ACPpHKB»:
- reHepan6pOHeTaHKOBbiX BoCicK 3pBII1H POMMeIlb
(c 15 aBrycra 1941 roAa no 9 MapTa 1942 roAa).
- reHepan-Ile TeHaHT nlOABlI1r KplOBeIlIl (c 9 no
19 MapTa 1942 roAa).
- reHepan-nOIlKOBHII1K, a n03>Ke reHepan-cpeIlbA-
MapwaIl 3pBII1H POMMeIlb (c 19 MapTa no 22
ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepan KaBaIlepll1111 reopr WTYMMe (c 22 ceH-
Tfl6pfl no 24 OKTfl6pfl 1942 roAa, norll16 B pe-
3YIlbTaTe HeC....aCTHoro cIlY....afl).
- reHepan-Ile TeHaHT BMIlbreIlbM PII1TTep cpOH
TOMa (c 24 no 25 OKTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepan-cpeIlbAMapwan 3pBII1H POMMeIlb (c 25
OKTfl6pfl 1942 roAa no 23 cpeBpanfi 1943 roAa).
repMBHCKHH ACPpHKBHCKHH Kopnyc:
- reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHT (n03>Ke reHepaIl 6poHe-
TaHKOBblX BO CK) 3pBII1H POMMeIlb (c 19 cpeB-
panfl no 15 aBrycTa 1941 roAa).
- reHepan-Ile TeHaHT nlOABlI1r KpIOBeIlIl (c 15 aB-
rYCTa 1941 roAa no 8 MapTa 1942 roAa, nonan
B nIleH).
- reHepan-IleCiTeHaHT (n03>Ke reHepaIl 6poHe-
TaHKOBblX BO CK) BaIlbTep HepMHr (c 9 MapTa
no 31 aBrycTa 1942 roAa, paHeH).
209
- nOIlKOBHII1K <Dpll1L1 6a epIle H (31 aBrYCTa 1942
roAa).
- reHepaIl-Ma op rYCTaB cpOH BaepcT (c 31 aB-
rycTa no 17 ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaIl 6poHeTaHKoBbiX BO CK BMIlbreIlbM
PII1TTep cpOH TOMa (c 17 ceHTfl6pfl no 4 HOfl6pfl
1942 roAa, nonaJl B nIle H).
- nOIlKOBHII1K <Dpll11..\ 6a epIle H (c 4 no 19 HOfl6-
pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl 6poHeTaHKoBbiX BO CK rYCTaB <DeH (c
19 HOfl6pfl 1942 roAa no 16 flHBapfi 1943 roAa,
paHeH).
- reHepaIl-Ma op KYPT cpOH nIl16eHWTe H (c 16
flHBapfi no 17 cpeBpaJlfl 1943 roAa).
5-11 nerKB1I neXOTHB1I HBH3H1I, n03JKe 21-11
6poHeTBHKoBB1I HBH3H1I:
- reHepaJl-Ma Op LIIoraHec WTpa x (c 20 cpeB-
paIlfi no 22 II1IOIlfi 1941 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op LIIoraHH cpOH PaBeHWTe H (c 23
II1IOIlfi no 29 HOfl6pfl 1941 roAa, B3f1T B nIleH).
- reHepaJl-Ile TeHaHT KapIl 6eT....ep (c 30 HOfl6pfl
1941 roAa no 30 flHBapfi 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-MaCiop reopr cpOH 6111cMapK (c 30 flH-
Bapfl no 17 II11OIlfl1942 roAa, paHeH).
- nOIlKOBHII1K A11bQ:1peA 6Pyep (c 21 II1IOIlfi no Ha-
....aIlO aBrycTa 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op reopr cpOH 6111cMapK (c Ha....aJla
aBrycTa no 31 aBrYCTa 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op raHc cpOH nYHrepxaY3eH (c 31
aBrycTa no 17 ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op re H cpOH PaHAoB (c 18 ceH-
Tfl6pfl no 21 AeKa6pfl 1942 roAa, y6111T BO BpeMfi
BoeHHblX Ae cTBII1 ).
- nOIlKOBHMK, n03>Ke reHepaIl-Ma op reopr
XII1IlbAe6paHAT (c 1 flHBapfi no 25 anpeIlfi 1943
roAa).
15-11 6poHeTBHKoBB1I HBH3H1I:
- reHepaJl-Ma Op reHpll1X cpOH npll1TBMLI YHA racp-
cppOH (c 22 MapTa no 10 anpeIlfi 1941 roAa,
y6111T BO BpeMfi BoeHHblX Ae cTBII1 ).
- nOIlKOBHII1K, n03>Ke reHepaJl-Ma Op raHc-KapIl
cpOH 33e6eK (c 15 anpeIlfi no 25 II1IOIlfi 1941
roAa, paHeH).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op BaIlbTep He MaH-CIl1IlKOB (c
25 II1IOIlfi no 6 AeKa6pfl 1941 roAa, y6111T BO Bpe-
Mfl BoeHHblX AeCiCTBM ).
- nOIlKOBHII1K 3pBII1H MeHHII1 (c 6 no 8 AeKa6pfl
1941 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ile TeHaHT rYCTaB cpOH BaepcT (c 9
AeKa6pfl 1941 roAa no 26 Mafl 1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K 3AyapA Kpa3eMaHH (c 26 Mafl no 8
II1IOIlfi 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ile TeHaHT rycTaB cpOH BaepCT (c 8
II1IOIlfi no 31 aBrYCTa 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op re HLI cpOH PaHAoB (c 1 no 17
ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHT rycTaB cpOH BaepcT (c 17
ceHTfl6pfl no 11 HOfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K 3AyapA Kpa3eMaHH (c 11 HOfl6pfl
no 12 AeKa6pfl 1942 rOAa).
- reHepaIl-Ile TeHaHT rYCTaB cpOH BaepcT (12
AeKa6pfl 1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K BII1Illl16aJlbA 60pOBII1L1 (c 12 AeKa6pfl
1942 roAa no 13 Mafl 1943 roAa).
90-11 BcjJpHKBHCKB1I HBH3H1I:
- reHepaJl-Ma Op MaKc 310MepMaH (c 17 II1IOIlfi
no 10 AeKa6pfl 1941 roAa, y6111T BO BpeMfi BO-
eHHblX Ae cTBII1 ).
- nOIlKOBHII1K LIIoraH MII1KJlb (c 11 no 27 AeKa6pfl
1941 roAa).
- reHepaIl-MaCiop PlI1xapA BaCiT (c 28 AeKa6pfl
1941 roAa no 28 anpeIlfi 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op YIlbPIl1X KIleeMaHH (c 29 anpe-
Ilfl no 14 II1IOHfI 1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K BepHep MapKc (c 14 no 18 II1IOHfI
1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K 3pBII1H MeHHII1 (c 18 no 19 II1IOHfI
1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K BepHep MapKc (c 19 no 21 MIOHfI
1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op YIlbPIl1X KIleeMaHH (c 21 MIOHfI
no 8 ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa, paHeH).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op 6epHapA PaMKe (c 8 no 17
ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roM).
- nOIlKOBHMK repMaHH WYIlbTe-Xo TXayc (c 17
no 22 ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ile TeHaHT rpacp TeoAop WnOHeK (c
22 ceHTfl6pfl1942 roAa no 12 Mafl1943 roAa).
164-11 BcjJpHKBHCKB1I HBH3H1I:
- nOIlKOBHMK, n03>Ke reHepaJl-Ma Op KapIl-raHc
nYHrepxaY3eH (KoHel..\ aBrycTa 1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K raHC-repMaHH reKKep (c 31 aBryc-
Ta no 18 ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op KapIl-raHc nYHrepxaY3eH (c 18
ceHTfl6pfl no KOHeLl HOfl6pfl 1942 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K 3111rcppll1A BecTcpaJlb (c 6 no 30 Ae-
Ka6pfl 1942 roAa).
- reHepaJl-Ma Op KYPT cpOH nIl16eHWTe H (c 1 no
16 flHBapfl1943 roAa).
- nOIlKOBHII1K 6eKKep (c 16 flHBapfi no 17 cpeBpa-
Jlfl 1943 roAa).
210
npHnOJKeHHe 4
KaBanepbl >Kene3Horo Pbl apcKoro KpecTa M 60nee BblCOKMX
HarpaA 3a BpeMSI nMBMMcKo-ErMneTcKoM KaMnaHMM
(MapT 1941 rOAa - S1HBapb 1943 rOAa)
Y....pe>K)J.eHHbl 1 ceHTfl6pfl 1939 roAa >KeIle3Hbl Pbll..\apCKII1 KpecT CIlY>KII1Il AIlfi HarpaAbIIlIl1l\, npOflBII1BWII1X
B 6010 6eCnpll1MepHYIO xpa6pocTb. 3Ta HarpaAa npeAHa3Ha....aJlaCb AIlfi BoeHHocIlY>KaLl\II1X Il1060ro paHra. B 06-
Ll\e CIlO>KHOCTII1 B nepll10A BTOpoCi MlI1pOBO BO Hbl elO 6bl1lll1 YAOCTOOHbl 4682 ....eIlOBeKa B apMlI1l11111 1784 B moq:n-
Bacpcpe. Bo BpeMfi BO Hbl 6bl1lll1 BBeAeHbl 111 60Ilee BblCOKlI1e HarpaAbl: Pbll\apCKII1Ci KpecT C Ay60BblMII1Illl1CTbflMII1
(3 II1IOHfI 1940 roAa), TaKII1MII1 KpeCTaMII1 6bl1l0 Harpa>K,QeHo 890 ....eIlOBeK (BKIlIO....afl 246 ....eIlOBeK B IlIOQ:lTBacpcpe);
Pbll\apcKII1 KpecT C Ay60BblMII1 IlIl1CTbflMII1 111 Me....aMM (21 II1IOHfI 1941 roA8). TaKII1MII1 KpeCTaMII1 6bl1l0 YAOCToeHo
160 ....eIlOBeK (B TOM ....II1CIle 52 ....eIlOBeKa B IllOq>TBacpcpe); Pbll..\apCKII1 KpecT C Ay60BbIMII1IlIl1CTbflMII1, Me....aMII1I11
6pll1IlIlll1aHTaMII1 (15 II11OIlfl1941 roA8), 3Ta HarpaAa II1cnOIlb30BaJlaCb TOIlbKO 27 pa3 (B TOM ....MCIle 12 pa3 B IllOcpT-
Bacpcpe). 111, HaKOHel..\, Pbll\apCKII1 KpecT C 30IlOTblMII1 Ay60BblMM IlIl1CTbflMII1, Me....aMII1I11 6pll1IlIlll1aHTaMII1 (29 AeKa6-
pfl 1944 roAa), 111M 6blIl Harpa>KAeH TOIlbKO nOIlKOBHII1K IllOcpTcpacpcpe raHc-YIlbpll1X PYAeIlb.
3a BpeMfi KaMnaH1I1111 B nll1BlI1111 111 Erll1me (C cpeBpaJlfl 1941 roAa no flHBapb 1943 roAa) Pbll\apCKII1M KpecTOM
6blIlO Harpa>t<AeHo 113 HeMI..\eB, BoeBaBWMX B apMlI1l11, aBlI1al\II1M 111 Ha cpIlOTe. 53 KpecTa npll1WIlOCb Ha apMlI1lO,
56 - Ha aBlI1al\1I11O 111 2 KpecTa nOIlY....II1IlIl1 60 I..\bl nOABoAHoro cpIlOTa. CIOAa cIleAyeT A06aBMTb ABYX II1TaJlbflHI..\eB,
YAocToeHHblx 3TO HarpaAbl. WecTb HeMel..\KII1X BoeHHocIlY>KaLl\II1X nOIlY....II1IlIl1 Pbll..\apCKII1 KpecT C Ay60BblMII1
IlIl1CTbflMII1, ....eTBepo - Pbll..\apCKII1 KpeCT C Ay60BbIMII1IlIl1CTbflMII1, Me....aMII1 111 6pIl1IlIlll1aHTaMII1. CpeAM KaBaJlepOB
Pbll..\apcKoro KpeCTa C Ay60BblMII1 IlIl1CTbflMII1 Tpoe 6blIlll1 1113 aBlI1al\II1M, OAII1H 1113 Bblcwero KOMaHAHoro COCTaBa
(reHepaJl-cpeIlb,QMapWaJl KeCCeIlbpll1Hr), OAII1H napaWIOTII1CT (reHepaJl-Ma Op PaMKe) 111 OAII1H ocpll1l\ep 1113 6pOHe-
TaHKOBblX BO CK (KIOMMeIlb). L-13 ....eTblpeX Pbll..\apCKII1X KpeCTOB C Ay60BblMII1Illl1CTbflMII1 111 Me....aMII1 ABa 6blIlO
npMcBoeHo BblcweMY KOMaHAHoMY COCTaBY (POMMeIlb 111 KeCCeIlbpll1Hr) 111 ABYM IleT....II1KaM. OAII1H Pbll\apCKII1
KpeCT C Ay60BbIMII1IlIl1CTbflMII1, Me....aMII1 111 6pMIlIlMaHTaMII1 6blIl npMCBoeH IleT....II1KY. Oc060 cIleAyeT OTMeTII1Tb
CIlY....a nll1IlOTa II1CTpe6111TeIlfi raHca-lI1oaxlI1Ma Mapce IlIlfl, KOTOpbl 3aCIlY>KII1Il Pbll..\apCKII1 KpeCT M HeCKOIlbKO
60Ilee BblCOKII1X HarpaA Beero IlIl1Wb 3a BoceMb MeCfll\eB CIlY>K6bl B nll1BII1I11: Pbll\apCKII1 KpecT 22 cpeBpaJlfl 1942
roAa, Pbll\apCKII1 KpecT C Ay60BblMII1Illl1CTbflMII1 111 Me....aMII1 6 II1IOHfI, Pbll..\apCKII1 KpecT C Ay6oBblMII1IlMCTbflMII1 111
Me....aMII1 18 II1IOHfI M Pbll..\apCKII1 KpeCT C Ay60BblMII1Illl1CTbflMII1, Me....aMII1I11 6pll1IlIlll1aHTaMII1 3 ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa.
Mapce IlIlb norll16 B aBlI1al\lI1oHHo KaTaCTpocpe B KOHl\e ceHTfl6pfl 1942 roAa, nopa3111B 158 I..\eIle !
B apMlI1111 53 >KeIle3Hblx Pbll..\apCKII1X KpecTa nOIlY....II1IlIl1 51 ocpll1l\ep (4 reHepaJla, 28 cTapwMx ocpll1l\epOB, B
OCHOBHOM KOMaHAlI1pbl nOIlKoB, 111 19 MIlaAWII1X ocpll1l\epoB), OAMH YHTep-ocpll1l\ep 111 OAII1H PfiAOBO (ABaAI..\aTM-
IleTHII1 rlOHTep XaIlbM). no nOApa3AeIleHII1f1M HarpaAbl pacnpeAeIlIl1IlMCb CIleAylOLl\II1M 06pa30M: 19 B 5-10 AII1-
BII131111O/21-1O 6poHeTaHKoBYIO, 14 - B 15-10 6poHeTaHKoBYlO AII1B1I131111O, 7 - B 90-10 AII1BII131111O 111 13 HarpaA B wTa6
repMaHcKoro Acppll1KaHcKoro Kopnyca II1IlM B nOApa3,QeIleHII1f1, HenocpeACTBeHHo nOA....MHeHHble eMY.
B IllOcpTBacpcpe pacnpeAeIleHlI1e HarpaA no paHraM 6bl1l0 HeCKOIlbKO APyrll1M B CBfl3111 C COCTaBOM IleTHoro
3KlI1na>Ka. >KeIle3Hb1Ci Pbll..\apCKII1 KpecT AaBaJlCfI 3a onpeAeJleHHOe KOIlIl1....eCTBO nOpa>KeHHblX l\eIle . TaKII1M
06pa30M, 60IlbWII1HCTBO HarpaA 6bl1l0 Bpy....eHo MOIlOAblM nll1IlOTaM B paHre Ile TeHaHTa MIlIl1 06epCT1le TeHaH-
Ta (....aLl\e Bcero KOMaHAlI1paM 3CKaAPMIlIl1 ), COCTaBIlflBWII1X 60IlbWII1HCTBO CpeAII1IleTHoro COCTaBa. TaKII1M 06-
pa30M. HarpaAbl nOIly....II1IlIl1 OAII1H reHepaJl, 6 CTapWII1X ocpll1l\epOB, 24 MIlaAWII1X ocpll11..\epa, 12 YHTep-ocpll11..\epOB
111 2 KanpaJla. 60IlbWII1HCTBO HarpaA YWIlO B nOApa3,QeIleHII1f1I11CTpe6I11TeIle (cpeAII1 JG 111 ZG 21 HarpaAa), 3aTeM
3eHII1THbie nOApa3,QeIleHII1f1 (10 HarpaA), nll1KlI1pYIOLl\lI1e 60M6apAII1pOBLl\II1KM «WTYKa» (8 HarpaA), 60M6apAlI1pOB-
Ll\II1KII1 (8 HarpaA) 111 3KlI1na>K1I1 pa3BeAbiBaTeIlbHoCi 111 AecaHTHo aBlI1al\1I1111 (3 HarpaAbl). 60Ilbwe Beero HarpaA
nOIly....II1IlO nOApa3,QeIleHlI1e JG 27 (noA KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM Mapce IlIlfl), KOTOpoe nOIly....II1IlO 10 Pbll..\apCKII1X KpeCToB
(nIllOc HarpaAbl caMoro Mapce IlIlfl). TaKoe pacnpeAeIleHlI1e BnOIlHe xapaKTepHO 111 AIlfi APyrll1x aBlI1al..\1I10HHb1X
nOApa3,QeIleHII1Ci B YCIlOBII1f1X BoLilHbl.
ABa Pbll\apCKII1X KpecTa B nOABOAHOM cpnOTe nOIly....II1IlM ocpll1l\epbl, CIlY>KII1BWlI1e Ha naTpYIlbHblX IlOAKax (Ka-
nIl1TaH-Ile TeHaHT 111 cpperaT-KanIl1TaH).
BnocIleAcTB1I1111 ABYMfI KpeCTaMII1 6bl1lll1 Harpa>KAeHbl II1TaJlbflHCKMe reHepaIlbl: reHepaJl <DeAeIle Alii A>KlI1op-
A>K1I10, KOMaHAlI1p nexoTHo AII1BII13111111 «CaBo fI» (9 flHBapfi 1942 roAa) , M maBHoKoMaHAYIOLl\II1 MTaIlbflHcKO
211
apMlI1eCi reHepaJl6pOHeTaHKOBbiX BoCicK Yro KaBaIlbepll1 (14 cpeBpaIlfl1942 roAa). CIleAyeT OTMeTII1Tb, ....TO ABa
APyrll1x II1TaJlbflHCKII1X KOMaHAYIOLl\II1X B nll1BlI1l11, reHepaJlbl rapll16aJlbAII1111 6aCTII1KO, nOIly....II1BwlI1e >KeIle3Hble Kpec-
Tbl nepBO 111 BTOpO CTeneHII1, TaK M He nOIly....II1IlIl1 Pbll\apCKII1X KpeCTOB, o....eBII1AHO, 1I13-3a nOCTOflHHblX TpeHII1
C POMMeIleM.
PacnpeAeIleHlI1e BO BpeMeHII1 COOTBeTCTByeT Hanpfl>KeHHOCTII1 KaMnaHII1111, OCHOBHafi ....aCTb npll1WIlaCb Ha
BeCHY - Ha....aJlO IleTa 1941 roAa (npopblB K erll1neTCKO rpaHII1l\e) II1IleTO 1942 roAa (B3f1TlI1e T06pYKa, nepBafi
6111TBa 3a 3Ilb-AIlaMe H). B apMlI1111 nepBble ABe napTlI1111 Pbl,-\apCKII1X KpecTOB nOIly....II1IlIl1 ocpll1l\epbl, OTIlIl1....II1BWII1-
eCfI BO BpeMfi HacTynIleHII1f1 aBaHrapAHblx nOApa3AeIleHII1 repMaHcKoro Acppll1KaHcKoro Kopnyca B MapTe -
anpeIle 1941 roAa (5 KpecTOB) 111 n06eA B Mae, II1IOHe, II1IOIle TOro >Ke roAa, oc06eHHO B 6111TBe 3a 3C-COIlIlYM
(13 KpecTOB). B AeKa6pe 1941 roAa 8 Pbll\apCKII1X KpeCToB nOIly....II1IlIl1 ocpll1,-\epoB, OTIlIl1....II1BWlI1eCfI BO BpeMfi 6pll1-
TaHcKoro KOHTpHacTynIleHII1f1 (onepa,-\lI1f1 ccKpecToHoce,-\»). t-1 HaKOHe,-\, B II1IOIle 1942 roAa 13 Pbll\apCKMX KpecToB
nOIly....II1IlIl1 repoll1 6111TBbi 3a A H-3Ilb-ra3aJlY 111 wTypMa T06pYKa.
B IllOcpTBacpcpe pacnpeAeIleHlI1e HarpaA 6blIlO HeCKOIlbKO OTIlIl1....HbIM 111 60Ilee paBHoMepHblM no BpeMeHII1,
oAHaKo nll1KII1 COBnaAalOT C nll1K8MII1 B apMII1I11: II1IOHb - II1IOIlb 1941 roAa (10 KpecToB 111 17 KpecTOB, nOIly....eHHblx
B 1941 roAY), cpeBpaJlb - MapT 1942 roAa (8 KpeCToB) 111 ceHTfl6pb 1942 roAa (6 KpecTOB).
KaBanep 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO Pbl apCKOrO KpeCTa C Ay60BblMM nMCTbSlMM M Me'faMM M 6pMnnMaHTaMM
+
.......
06epcmeCiTeHaHT raHc-lI1oaxl-1M MapceCillllb
213
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PblLlapCKOrO KpeCTa C Ay60BbIMM nMCTbSlMM M Me'faMM
to-
( ..
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4
I '"]I -
-r ......
L -, . ........
. --r
. · If- !r ')
t'.
I
J t or
. , '"
, f ...r
..
reHepan 06epcmeCiTeHaHT r eHepan-4>ellh.QMapWan
3pBI<1H POMMellb raHc-lI1oaxl<1M MapceCillllb Anb6epT KeCCellbpl<1Hr
'IiIIIIr
..
, "-- '
b'
---
I;;:;
.,:
,
"-
...."
.p
').- "'"
.
-
Kanl<1TaH 06epcmeCiTeHaHT Kanl<1TaH
1I10aXI<1M Xellb61<1r BallbTep 31<1rellb lI10raHH KIOMMellb
214
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO Pbl apcKoro KpeCTa C Ay6oBb1M.... n....CTbflM....
-<
0
:
-4
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o
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., ) r I
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. ,... -- "'-'-
....
'-
reHepan-Ma op
repMaH-6epHxapA PaMKe
&...
-+
06epcme TeHaHT
rYCTas nOHaT
O'
,
'.
\'
"
i'
q:.
06epcmeCiTeHaHT
3 npP A BynnepMaH
(
""
....
I
-.,
06epCTneCiTeHaHT
It1pMCPP A cpOH BeXMap
215
-
....
,..
.....
ti
Kan TaH-ne TeHaHT
<DP AP X KeMHaAe
,
.\
y.
,- ,
..,
..,
reHepan-Ma op
reHp x K pxxa M
KaBanepbl Op,QeHa >Kene3HorO Pbll."apCKOrO KpeCTa
,
....
......1-
+
'-
(9
Ma op
EpHCT 60Il6p HKep
06epCTIle TeHaHT
B HP X 6ep
I- J "'-
,..,-
(
..
A" -
, ..
":> -,
.
.
, it ) .,...
l- l'
, .ti T
,
. '1-
, . -.....
,
..,
y .-
06epCT
MaKC M IlIl aH CPOH Xepcp
06epCTIle TeHaHT
raHC KpaMep
216
J f1 -..
.. j'A
".....
T1
06epCTIle TeHaHT
rYCTas-reopr KHa6e
...
"'
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...
.
.,-, I
\
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.
,
06epCTIle TeHaHT OTTo-<DP AP x
3eHcpT cpOH n Ilbcax
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PblLUlpcKOrO KpeCTa
.......
.
D
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»
".
.,
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+
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t.
tfF
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KYPT r epra
raynHpeIlbAqJe6eIlb
B IlbreIlbM BeHAT
')
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{
,
. Ot'Att '\
, \
Kan TaH 06epIle 1TeHaHT
B IlbreIlbM 6ax li10raHH KIOMMeIlb
217
o
*-
"
neiheHaHT
36epxapA l..\aH
.
_" r
i;
Ma op
reHp x Q)oCirTc6eprepp
Kaaanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO Pbll.,IapCKOrO KpeCTa
..
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. 4
"""
,
". '\
7: -
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.,... - " \
T -: -._-""- ..
t7 1fi
KamnaH 06epCTIle TeHaHT
KYPT 3Ile PYAOIlbCP naHr
t
.
\
,
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06epCTIle TeHaHT
raHC-neB H cpOH 6ap6
.....
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,
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;
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.r 1'"
.
t
reHepan-Ma op reHepaJl-Ma Op nOIlKOBH K
KapIl 6eT"iep AnbcppeA rayae 1i10raHH M KJlb
218
"""\. \.....
,
...
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--I'- - I
JJl=
06epcmeCiTeHaHT
<DPL14 6a epIle H
,
,
.
,
Ma op
rlOHTep <DeHCHL1
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO Pbl apCKOrO KpeCTa
....
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f
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r '"
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.:.....---
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3AyapA KpaaeMaHH
\
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r
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\
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KanL1TaH
BOIlbcpraHr BMb
219
\
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.
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--- "
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nOIlKOBHL1K
3pBL1H MeHHL1
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06epIle TeHaHT
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-
fl.
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repMaH WYIlbre-Xo Txayc
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t
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r
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t
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06epCTIle TeHaHT
BepHep MapKC
...
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ne TeHaHT
A Tp X Kox
220
"0
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.
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,...
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t
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r eHepaIl-Ma Op
ApTYP WM ,qT
--
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nOIlKOBH K
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\,
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..
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l f,
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BOIlbcpraHr 3sepT <1>PIilI=\pIiIX cpOH rOMeHrep PYAOIlbCP KIiIIlb
..
o
(\
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((
,,\ 6.
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;f
<C
06epIle TeHaHT Ma op Ma op
Ono WTlilcpeIlbMa ep PYAOIlbCP 60KMaH reopr 6plilIlb
221
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO Pbn.-IapCKOrO KpeCTa
;-
\
'\
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\}
+
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,\
..
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KamnaH
POll aHA cpOH reccm1H
KamnaH
BepHep Pe CCMaH
06eplleCiTeHaHT
POllbcp POXOllllb
.;-.....
.,J
..
.".
, ...., r, "
. . I
I
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\
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t .. .".-, -< .... c
+ \ .. -
.' \ \ J1!I'
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nOllKOBHIiIK rpeHaAlilp 06eplleliiTeHaHT
3pll1x reliiCCllep rtOHTep XaIlbM 1I10aecp Ono PlilnOllbA
222
KaBanepbl Op,QeHa >Kene3HorO Pbll.,IapCKorO KpeCTa
y
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II
..
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I.
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/
.
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.
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nOIlKOBHIiIK 06epcmeloheHaHT
AnbcppeA 6pyep BepHep MIiIAe6par
'.
;..
J
.......
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nOIlKOBHIiIK
rep6epT 3BepT
. - _to .
t:>
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+
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+
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J f
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a. -.....
It
. ,..... .
.
06epcme TeHaHT
rapOIlbA WTOIlbLi
KanlilTaH
raHC KmpMaH
nOIlKOBHIiIK
repxapA MIOIlIlep
223
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO Pb1uapCKOrO KpeCTa
. I
f , .
1-'
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t. ..-
. --
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i
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.
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+
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A.
-
nOIlKOBHIiIK
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Ma op
Ono Xe Mep
06epCTIle TeHaHT
AIlb6epT naHLlepxareH
-
...
..
...
-
,
,- ,
..
1 \
I
06epIleLilTeHaHT ne TeHaHT 06epIlelilTeHaHT
3pBIiIH <Dlilwwep PyAOIlbcp 6paYH repxapA XOMYT
224
I
---
-.
..
-
+
,...
. .
.
. ..
06epneCiTeHaHT
rYCTaB 31ilrCPPlilA PeAenb
06epneCiTeHaHT
3plilx Erep
,
KaBallepbl 0PAeHa >Kelle3HorO PblI.4apCKOrO KpeCTa
.
-
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+.
YHTep-ocp lil 4ep
PeCixapA Menb4ep
*'
neCiTeHaHT
raHC 3a4ep
225
)
I
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1
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y.....',.
o
---- ;:::.....
--.
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J
....
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.
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06epneCiTeHaHT
TeOAOp WBa6ax
, p:\
\
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+
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KanlilTaH
BanbTep <t>pOMM
---
KaBallepbl 0PAeHa >Kelle3HorO PblI.4apCKOrO KpeCTa
/' '(' ._'
.
r
, <I
.......
f
,...
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06epIleCiTeHaHT
KapIl-BoIlbcpraHr PeAIllilx
KanlilTaH
reIlbMYT ManKe
...
-
\
L- --. ,
.....
. \
41
. r
,
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-
- +
- .
I '=
06epcpeIlbACPe6eIlb 06epcpeIlbACPe6eIlb
PlilxapA XeIlIlep <t>paH4 WMYHA
226
---
l
\
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':
/"
4
-
06epIle TeHaHT
nlOABlilr <t>paHIiIKeT
. .
.,.
-
,
f.
06epIleCiTeHaHT
XeIlbMYT WaCipep
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PblI.4apCKOrO KpeCTa
"
,
.' -
t
- - L
- .
tr
-:,
'- ,.'
J( .. . f
-
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06epIleCiTeHaHT 06epIleCiTeHaHT neCiTeHaHT
repMaH Xore6aK <t>paH4 WBeC1rep raHc-lI1oaxlilM MapceCiIlIlb
,
'Y'
..
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..
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o
f
f'
t
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T _tr
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06epcmeCiTeHaHT YHTep-04>1iI4ep
MaKc XeXT 3plilx XeCiH4e
227
)
..
06ep4>eIlbA4>e6eIlb
OTTO WYIlb4
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PblLlapCKOrO KpeCTa
-
,
,
-.
,.' ... .
.. -
, .. . .
:"'Q, -r
. -
\\ ... ""'-
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y ,-
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1 ..,
.
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1 . v
. .
EcppeCiTop 06epIleCiTeHaHT KamnaH
ApHOIlbA XI06Hep <t>PVl4 WYIlb4e-AVlHOB r eopr KpVlCTIl
\<:-
_\
,..---
...
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,...
.
.
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,
\
.
06epIleCiTeHaHT
<t>PVlAPVlX KapIl KHYCT
06epIleCiTeHaHT
KapIl BViraHA
KanViTaH
XeCiH4 Kpo3e6epr
228
KaB811epbl 0PAeH8 >Kelle3HorO PblLl8pCKOrO KpeCT8
,
...-
)
....
\, @
+'" r .... .,.
. .
. ... +
, .
reHepan-neCiTeHaHT neCiTeHaHT KamnaH
OTTO XmpMaH cpOH Banb,Qay BepHep 6nYMMe KYPT KynMeCi
-
,
.
..
.
....
.p,
...
.
.
->
.
,
.
'r'
,
,
('
.
-.
06epcpenb,Qcpe6enb
BepHep WTYMncp
neCiTeHaHT
raHC ApHOnb.Q WTanbWMI1,QT
Kanl1TaH
6epHXap,Q XaMeCTep
229
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PblLlapCKOrO KpeCTa
r.
J
--
\
+
.
\
06epIleCiTeHaHT
Mapn1H Mocc.QoPCP
t. "*'
KamnaH
XeIlbMYT 6eIlb3ep
..
1,
,
.
.
-I(
.
06epIleCiTeHaHT
<t>paH4 r eT4
..::
+
nemeHaHT
<t>plil.QPIiIX KepHep
230
'--
.
..
- .
""-,
\
If('
,,-
'\
f
)
-
10.
,..
c.,
,
.........
....."
"
06epIlemeHaHT
Mbcppe.Q BeMeCiep
"
-
(1
-
' \
tF \ \
-
'-'
06epIleCiTeHaHT
raHC cpOH 6apreH
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PblI.4apcKOrO KpeCTa
o
,\
...
,
<J
,
.:).
...
-
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J .
Sk .
, , "
'- ..-
&l "
.
- +
---
t'o
-
06epIleCiTeHaHT KamnaH neCiTeHaHT
rep6epT WTpL1 naYIlb 3eMpay BepHep Wpep
,
,,\
--
r
--..
.&
.p
"'-
iI
,
..
.
qff(
A
."
----
KanL1TaH
BL1IlbreIlbM XaxcpeIlbA
EcppeCiTOp
3ML1Ilb 6epHep
MaCiop
3pHCT nOpHe
231
---
...
r
-
.... .
4.
\
"'
<t>eIlbACPe6eIlb
nOHTep WTaCiHXaY3eH
KaBallepbl 0PAeHa >Kelle3HorO Pbll..lapCKOrO KpeCTa
'"
,
,
. .
06epcpeIlbAcpe6eIlb
nlilTep ApeHT
.\oJ
r.
, ....
.
.
""\ .
.
06epcpeIlbAcpe6eIlb
reIlbMYT AayrH
,
nOIlKOBHIi1K
TeoAop 6eKMaHH
232
'"'
+
\,
.
--
:.
I .v ,{ I l
- ..
\
.
J
tJl'
-
neC1TeHaHT
VloraHH reC1CMaHH
"
-
.
MaCiop
<t>pIi1AOIlIi1K <t>aT
KaBanepbl 0PAeHa >Kene3HorO PbII.4apCKOrO KpeCTa
',, I I
, ,}
...
..
..... t..
-
...t.
..
"-
& -l ,
...
+
y
=- ,
-
+
"
"
...
r;P
....
"'--
<PeIlbAcpe6eIlb
nOHTep <PpeHI.4eIlb
06epIleCiTeHaHT
BanbTep MeIlb4ep
06epcpeIlb,Qcpe6eIlb
AOMeHIiIK BanbTep
:r
,
,
,
-
, - ... - ....
,--f' '-
...
-....
\ +
"..
. .:7r ,
-
.p
'.
.
:),
... .
+
.
.
06epcpeIlbACPe6eIlb
KapIl-XaCiH4 6eHAeT
reHepan
<PeAeIle Alii A)f(IiIOp.Q)Klilo
reHepan
Yro KaBanbeplil
233
KOMMeHT8pMM
1 n06eAa II1TaJlbflHl\eB Ha,Q ABCTpll1e , KOTOpafl on-
peAeJlIl1Jla II1CXOA TpeTbe 6111TBbi Ha p. nbflBe (OKTfl6pb
1918 roA), npll1HeCWe OKOH....aTeJlbHOe nOpa>KeHlI1e
ABCTpMM.
2 A. Martel. La Libye 1835-1990, essaide geopo-
litique historique, Paris, 1991, p. 107. A. MapTeJlb. nMBII1f1
B 1835-1990 roAbl; II1CTopMKo-reorpacpM....ecKoe 3cce.
3 MYCCOIlIl1HM npll1Ka3aJl II1TaIlbflHCKII1M BoCicKaM
B IOrO-BOCTO....HO <DpaHl\MII1 npeKpaTII1Tb orOHb 15
II1IOHfI.
4 L-1T81lbflHCKafi neXOTHafi AII1BM3111f1 HaC....MTbIB81la
OKOJlO 13 000 ....eIlOBeK.
5 nOApa3AeIleHII1f1 ....epHopy6awe....HMKOB nepBOHa-
....aIlbHO npeACTaBIlflJlIl1 c060 BoopY>KeHHble nOApa3-
AeIleHII1f1 cpaWII1CTCKO napTII1M. n03>Ke OHM 6blJlll1 06b-
eAII1HeHbl B AII1BII13111111 ....II1CJleHHOCTblO npll1MepHO B 8000
....eIlOBeK.
6 L-1TaIlbflHCKMe 6pOHeTaHKOBbie CII1Jlbl B CeBepHO
Acppll1Ke II1MeIlIl1 Ha BoopY>KeHII1I11 CJleAylOll.\lI1e TlI1nbl Ma-
WMH: Kpe CepCKlI1e TaHKII1- M11/39 (11 TOHH, 1 -
37-MII1IlJlMMeTpOBoe 0pYAlI1e, 2 nYJleMeTa), M11/40
(13,5 TOHHbl, 1 - 37-MMIlJlMMeTpOBoe opYAMe, 3 ny-
IleMeTa), M13/40 (13,5 TOHHbl, 1 - 37-MII1IlIlIl1MeTpO-
Boe 0pYAlI1e, 3 nYJleMeTa); IlerKlI1e TaHKII1 - L6/40 (6,8
TOHHbl, 1 - 20-MII1JlJlMMeTpOBoe 0pYAlI1e, 1 nYJleMeT);
MMHII1-TaHKII1 - L3/35 (3,5 TOHHbl, 2 nYIleMeTa). Ha BO-
o PY>KeH 111 111 CTOflJlO TaK>Ke ABa TlI1na 6pOHII1pOBaHHbiX
KOJleCHblX aBTOM06I11Jle : AB 40 (6,5 TOHHbl, 2 nYIleMe-
Ta) 111 AB 41 (7 TOHH, 47-MII1JlIlIl1MeTpOBoe oPYAMe M
1 nYIleMeT).
7 E. Krieg. L'epopee du desert, Geneve, 1980,
p. 21. (3. Kpll1r. 3nonefl B nYCTbIHe.)
8 TaHK «MaTII1IlbAa» MK II BeCII1Jl 26 TOHH M MMeIl
Ha BooPY>KeHMII1 40-MII1IlIlIl1MeTpOBoe 0pYAlI1e 111 nYJle-
MeT KaIlM6pa 7,7 MII1JlIlIl1MeTpa.
9 3HaMeHII1Tbie MK I (11 TOHH, OAMH nYIleMeT Ka-
JlM6pa 7,711111111 12,7 MII1IlIlMMeTpa) 111 B 60JlbWMHCTBe
MK III «BaIleHTa H» (16 TOHH, 40-MII1JlIlIl1MeTpOBoe
0PYAlI1e 111 nYJleMeT KaIlll16pa 7,7 MMJlIlMMeTpa).
10 HaKaHYHe onepal..\1I1111 COlO3HMKOB 6pMTaHCKMe
BoopY>KeHHble CII1Jlbl II1MeJlM CIleAYIOll.\II1 COCTaB:
- 7-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafi AMBII13111f1 (nOA KOMaHAOBa-
HlI1eM reHepaIla M. O'Myp-KpMra), COCTOflll.\aflIl13 4-
111 7- 6pOHeTaHKOBbiX 6pll1raA (nOA KOMaHAOBaHMeM
6pMra,QlI1pOB KaYHTepa 111 PacceIla) 111 II1X rpynnbl nOA-
Aep>KKM (nOA KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM reHepaIla BE rOTTa);
- 4-flII1HAM CKafi neXOTHafi AMBII13111f1 (noA KOMaH-
AOBaHMeM reHepaJla 6epeccpoPAa-nll1pca), COCTOfI-
ll.\aflll13 5- M 11- II1HAII1 CKII1X neXOTHblX 6pll1ra,Q (6pM-
ra,QMpbl nIlO A M CaBO pM) M 16- 6pMTaHCKO neXOT-
HO 6pMraAbi (noA KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM 6pll1raAMpa
nOMaKca);
- 6-fI aBCTpaJlIl1 CKafi neXOTHafi AMBII13MfI (noA
KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM reHepaIla MaKKefl), COCTOflll.\afl 1113
16- , 17 - M 19- aBCTpaIlIl1CicKMX neXOTHblX 6pll1ra,Q
(nOA KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM 6pll1ra,QlI1pOB AIlJleHa, CeBII1A>Ka
111 P06I11HCOHa).
L-1MeJlIl1Cb TaK>Ke pa3p03HeHHbie nOApa3AeJleHII1f1,
TaKlI1e KaK 7 - 6aTaJlbOH, KOpOJleBCKII1 TaHKoBbl nOJlK
C TaHKaMII1 «MaTII1IlbA8» Mk II 111 pa3IlIl1....Hble apTMIlJle-
pM CKlI1e nOApa3AeJleHII1f1. B03AywHafi nOAAep>KKa
oCYll.\eCTBIlflIlacb 202- rpynno 6pIl1TaHCKO KOpO-
IleBcKo aBlI1al\II1M (KoMaHAYIOll.\II1 - aBlI1al\MOHHbl
KOMaHAlI1p KOIlIlIl1WOY), KYAa BXOAII1IlIl1 3 3CKa,QpIl1JlbM
60M6apAlI1pOBll.\II1KOB 1113 6JleHXa Ma M 5 3CKa,QpMIlIl1
II1cTpe6111TeJleCi, 3 1113 HMX 6blJlll1 aBCTpaIlIl1 CKII1MM.
11 Bo BpeMfi CBoe BCTpe....1I1 C r lI1T1lepOM reHep81l
cpOH TOMa, KOTOpblCi BoeBaIl C II1TaIlbflHI..\aMII1 B L-1cna-
HII1M BO BpeMfi rpa>KAaHCKO BO Hbl, CKa3aIl: «OAMH
6pMTaHCKII1 COJlAaT JlY....we AIO>KII1Hbl MTaJlbflHCKMX.
L.1TaIlbflHl\bl xopowlI1e pa60THMKM, HO 60Cil..\bl 1113 HMX
HII1KYAbIWHble: OHII1 He IlI06f1T WYMa».
12 ComaCHO 3aBepeHII1f1M cpOH TOMa, rll1T1lep Co-
6111paIlCfI nOMOraTb II1TaIlbflHI..\aM no ....II1CTO nOJlIl1TII1....e-
CKII1M MOTII1BaM. «OH C....II1T81l, ....TO MT81lbflHl\bl MorYT
nepeMeTHYTbCfI HaAPyrylO CTOPOHY, ecIlM repMaHMfI He
6YAeT Aep>KaTb II1X Ha npll1Bfl3111. Ho npM 3TOM XOTeJl no-
CIlaTb TYAa KaK MO>KHO MeHbwee K01lM....eCTBO BO CK...
rll1T1lep nOIlaraIl, ....TO MTaIlbflHI..\bl MorYT npM He3Ha....lI1-
TeJlbHO HeMel\KO nOMOll.\1I1 M CaMII1 YAep>KaTbCfI B
AcppIl1Ke». (3TO npll13HaHII1e 6blIlO 3anll1CaHO nll1AAeJl
rapToM M ony6Illl1KOBaHO B ero KHMre «rOBopm HeMel\-
Kille reHepaIlbl».)
13 D.lrving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox. Wordsworth,
1999, p. 46. (,lJ,. L-1pBII1Hr. POMMeJlb: CIleA Jlll1ca.)
14 B.H. Liddell-Hart. The Rommel Papers. New
York, 1953. (nMAAeJl rapT. 3anll1CKII1 POMMeJlfl.)
15 H.W. Schmidt. Avec Rommel dans Ie desert,
Paris, 1968, p. 17-18. (X.B. WMII1AT. C POMMeJleM B
nYCTbIHe.)
16 3TO 6blIlll1 BO CKa cppaHl\Y3CKoro COnpOTII1BIle-
HII1f1, npMweAWMe 1113 '-Ia,Qa. B Ha....aIle MapTa OHM nOA
234
KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM reHepaJla neKIlepKa 3aHflIlM Kycpcp-
py. Ho KaK BblflCHII1IlOCb BnOCIleACTBlI1l11, 3TOT OTAaJleH-
Hbl pa OH He npeACTaBIlflIl HMKaKO yrp03bl AIlfi rep-
MaHCKoro Acppll1KaHCKOro Kopnyca.
17 B.H. Liddell-Hart. The Rommel Papers, p. 128.
18 MOpCKO nopT, ....epe3 KOTOpblCi WIlO cHa6>Ke-
Hille Mapa,Qbl.
19 Apa6cKII1Ci roPOA, paCnOIlO>KeHHbl Ha rpaHII11..\e
KlI1peHall1KM M nOCTpoeHHbl BOKpyr Me....eTII1 Ha AIOHax
Ha 6ecrery MOpfi.
2 KOTOpblCi B CBOIl1X MeMyapax 6YAeT YTBep>K-
AaTb, ....TO 3Ta II1Aefl npMH8A11e>KaJla eMY...
21 rOpOAOK 1113 XII1>KII1H, CIlenIleHHblX 1113 mll1Hbl 111
Bep6IlIO>KberO HaB03a, B 40 KII1IlOMeTpax OT 6eHra3111.
22 OT Ha....aIla AO KOHI..\a nOCTpoeHHbl II1TaIlbflH-
CKII1MII1 KOIlOHII1CTaMII1, ropOA 6eHra3111 HaC....II1TbIBaJl AO
BO Hbl 6000 >KII1TeIle . B 3TO CTOIlll14e KlI1peHall1KII1
6blIlll1 WlI1pOKMe npocneKTbl, cOBpeMeHHble 3AaHII1f1 111
ropoAcKlI1e napKII1.
23 H.G. von Esebeck. Rommel et l'Afrikakops
1941--1943. Paris, 1950.
24 CpeAII1 HMX ....eTblpe reHepaIla: reHepaJl HII1M,
KOMaHAYIOI..L\II1 B TpaHCII10PAaHII1111 111 Erll1me, KaBaJlep
no....eTHoro KpeCTa BII1KTOpll1l11, npOBOAII1BWII1 II1HcneK-
1..\11110 cppOHTa reHepaIl raM6I11p-nappll1, reHepaIl C3p
PII1....apA O'KOHHOp, KOMaHAYIOI..L\II1 CII1IlaMII1 B 3ana,Q-
HOCi CTbIHe M reHepaJl BlI1aPT.
2 UIl1TMpyeTcfI no YKa3aHHOMY CO....II1HeHII1IO ,Q. L-1p-
BII1Hra. POMMeIlb B CBOIl1X MeMyapax 06 3TOM cIly....ae
He ynoMMHaeT. OH nll1WeT: ..npll1MepHO B nOIlAeHb
rpacp WBepll1H AOIlO>KII1Il, HaxOAfiCb rAe-TO B 25 KII1IlO-
MeTpax OT T06pYKa, ....TO HeCKOIlbKII1MM ....acaMII1 paHee
6blIl y6111T cpOH npIl1TBMI..\». 13 anpeIlfi cpOH npll1TBII11..\
6blIl 3aMeHeH KOMaHAMpoM 15- CTpeIlKoBo 6pll1ra,Qbl
(15- 6poHeTaHKoBo AII1B1I13111111) reHepaIl-Ma opoM
raHcoM-KapIloM cpOH 33e6eKOM.
26 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox. London,
1977, p. 64.
27 «BpeMfI, npOBeAeHHoe C HII1M, 6blIl0 KOpOTKII1M,
HO npMflTHblM, - HanMweT OH n03>Ke, - Mbl cpa3Y >Ke
HaWIlIl1 061..L\1I1 fl3blK. OH 6blIl o....eHb AOBOIleH YCII1Ile-
HlI1eM MCTpe6I11TeIlbHO aBlI1al..\II1I11... TaK KaK 6blIl OAHII1M
1113 HaWMX reHepaJlOB, nOHII1MalOl..L\lI1X Ba>KHOCTb aBlI1a-
1..\111111. OH Me....TaIl 0 6IleCTflI..L\MX nepCneKTII1Bax. HII13KO
CKIlOHII1BWII1Cb Ha,Q KaPTO (OH 6blIl Y>KaCHO 6IlIl130PYK),
POMMeIlb BOCKIlIl11..\aIl: «CMOTpIl1Te, MII1IlbX, BOT T06-
PYK. s:t B03bMY ero. BOT npoxOA XaIlbcpa fI. s:t ero
B03bMY TO>Ke. BOT Kall1p. s:t ero B03bMY. A BOH TaM...
CY31..\KII1 KaHaJl. L-1 ero fI TO>Ke 06f13aTeIlbHO B03bMY».
MHe OCTaBaJlOCb TOIlbKO CKa3aTb: ..A BOT fI. B03bMII1Te
MeHfI TO>Ke».
28 24 anpeIlflll13 HeanoIlfi B TpMnOIlM npll16blIl OC-
HOBHO KOHBO , KOTOpbl BblrpY3111Il TaHKM 8-ro TaHKO-
Boro nOIlKa. Me>Kp,y 2 111 6 Mafl nOAOWIlIl1 el..L\e ABa KOH-
BOfi. Ha 6 Mafl 15-fI 6poHeTaHKoBafi AMBII13MfI Hac....lI1-
TblBaJla 146 TaHKOB, B TOM ....II1CIle 45 TaHKOB II, 71 TaHK
III (B OCHOBHOM BoopY>KeHHble 50-MII1IlIlIl1MeTpOBbIMII1
0PYAII1f1MII1 KwK U42), 20 TaHKOB IV 111 10 KOMaHAHblx
TaHKOB.
29 H.G von Esebeck. Rommel et e'Afrika korps
1941-1943, p. 32.
30 B CBOIl1X MeMyapax POMMeIlb rOBOpll1T 0 1200
y6111TblX, paHeHblx 111 npOnaBWII1X 6e3 BeCTII1 Ha MOMeHT
Ha....aJla wrypMa T06pYKa.
31 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox, p. 69.
32 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox, p. 70.
33 H.W. Schmidt. Avec Rommel dans Ie desert,
p.82.
34 3TII1 CIlOBa 06bflCHflIOT, KaKYIO peBHOCTb Mcnbl-
TblBaJlll1 K POMMeIlIO APyrll1e reHepaJlbl. LITO KacaeTCfI
naYIllOca, TO OH npocTO XOTeIl 6bl 3aMeHII1Tb POMMeIlfi.
Ero >KeHa BCnOMII1HaJla CKa3aHHoe naYIlIOCY: «,Qopo-
ro APY>KOK, He BnYTbIBa CfI B 3TO AeIlO. ,QIlfi Te6f1
6YAeT caMblM Ily....WII1M, eCIlIl1 Tbl nona,QeWb B nIleH K
3TII1M HerpaM» (W.G. Garlitz. Paulus, histoire de sa vie,
introduction aux memoires de Paulus publiees par cet
auteur. Paris, 1961, p. 52-53).
35 WTpa x, CTaBWII1Ci B II1IOIle 1942 rOAa II1HcneK-
TOpOM M06111IlbHbiX BO CK, TaK 60Ilbwe AO KOH BO -
Hbl OnepaTII1BHOrO KOMaHAOBaHII1f1 M He nOIly....aJl. 0A-
HaKO B oKTfl6pe 1943 roAa OH nOIly....II1Il 3BaHII1e reHe-
paJl-Ile TeHaHTa.
36 OIlb6pll1XT CHOBa CTaJl KOMaHAlI1pOM TaHKOBoro
nOIlKa (4- TaHKOBbl nOIlK 13- 6pOHeTaHKOBO AII1-
B1I13111111, npMnMcaHHO K BOCTO....HOMy CPpOHTY) 5 II1IOHfI
1942 rOAa. A 1 0 ceHTfl6pfl Toro >Ke roAa OH 6blIl y6111T
BO B eMfi 60eBbix Ae CTBII1Ci.
7 3aTeM clOAa BOWIlM 6pOHeTaHKOBafi 6pMraAa
(7 -fl 6poHeTaHKoBafi 6pll1raAa nOA KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM
6pll1raAII1pa X.E. PacceIla), rpynna nOAAep>KKII1 (noA
KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM 6pMraAII1pa ,Q>K. C. KeMn6eIlIla) 111
APyrll1e BceB03MO>KHble AII1BM31110HHbie nOApa3AeIle-
HII1f1.
38 B CBOIl1X MeMyapax POMMeIlb nMweT 0 220
yHII1....TO>KeHHbIX Bpa>KeCKII1X TaHKax 111 «....yAOBII1I..L\HbIX
nOTepfix B >KMBO CII1Ile». WMII1AT B CBOIl1X BOCnOMII1Ha-
HII1f1X rOBopll1T 0 180 nOA6111TbiX TaHKax. ComaCHO aH-
mll1 CKII1M II1CTO....HII1KaM, POMMeIlb nOTepflIl 570 ....eIlO-
BeK 111 OKOIlO COTHII1 TaHKOB. ,Qpyrll1e II1CTO....HII1KII1 rOBO-
pfiT 0 nOIlHOCTblO yHII1....TO>KeHHbIX 25 HeMel..\KII1X TaHKax.
ComaCHO XopOWO AOKYMeHTlI1pOBaHHO KHlI1re T.n.
neHI..\a «6pOHeTaHKOBble Bo cKa», 17 II1IOHfI 5- TaH-
KOBbl nOIlK nOTepflIl 4 TaHKa (2 TaHKa 11111 2 TaHKa III),
a 8- TaHKoBblCi nOIlK nOTepflIl 8 TaHKOB (3 TaHKa II, 4
TaHKa 11I111 OAMH TaHK IV).
39 3anll1CKII1 POMMeIlfi.
40 B TO >Ke caMoe BpeMfi 6blIlll1 CMel..L\eHbl 111 ABa
APyrll1x reHepaJla, KOMaHAMp 4- II1HAII1 CKO nexOTHO
235
AII1BII13111111 6epeccpoPA-nll1pC 111 KOMaHAlI1p 7 - 6poHe-
TaHKoBo AII1BII13MII1 O'Myp-KpMr.
41 ComaCHO 3HTOHM 3AeHY, Ye BeIlIl my60Ko ne-
pe>KII1BaJl CBoe nOpa>KeHlI1e 111 3a OAHY HO'-lb nOCTapeIl
Ha AeCflTb IleT.
42 C. Barnett. The Desert Generals. New York,
1960. (C. 6apHeTT. reHepaJlbl nYCTbIHII1.)
43 C. Barnett. The Desert Generals.
44 Hoppll1 3aMeHII1Il reHepaJla noyna, KOTOpbl no-
rll16 B aBMa,-\lI1oHHo KaTacTpocpe nepeA caMblM Ha-
CTYnIleHlI1eM.
45 6pll1ra,D,bl apMe CKII1X TaHKOB 6blIlll1 BoopY>KeHbl
TfI>KeIlblMII1 neXOTHblMII1 TaH KaM 111 I 111 npeAHa3Ha....aIlIl1Cb
AIlfi 3aLl.\II1Tbl 111 nOAAep>KKII1 neXOTbl. B npOTII1BOnOIlO>K-
HOCTb 3TOMY 6pOHeTaHKOBbie 6pll1raAbl, 3KBII1BaIleHT
HeMe,-\KII1X 6pOHeTaHKOBbiX AII1BII13111 , McnOIlb30BaIlll1Cb
AIlfi npopblBa, npecIleAOBaHII1f1 111 KpynHblx pa3BeAbl-
BaTeIlbHblX onepa,-\II1 . OHII1 BoopY>KaIlIl1Cb Kpe cep-
CKII1MII1 TaHKaMII1.
46 3T1I1 Tpll1 nOApa3AeIleHII1f1 npll16blIlM B T06pYK B
KOH,-\e ceHTfl6pfl, ....T06bl CMeHII1Tb 9-10 aBCTpaJlM CKYIO
nexoTHYIO Alii BII13111 10 , nOCIle Toro KaK aBCTpaJlll1CicKOe
npaBII1TeIlbCTBo nOTpe60BaIlo ee penaTpll1a,-\MII1. 3Ta
3aMeHa npoll1CXOAII1Ila B cIleAYIOLl.\eCi nocIleAoBaTeIlb-
HOCTII1: 18-fI neXOTHafi 6pll1raAa 6blIla 3aMeHeHa 1-
nOIlbcKo KapnaTcKoCi 6pll1raAo , npll16blBWeCi B Ha-
....aIle ceHTfl6pfl. Bo BTOpO nOIlOBII1He ceHTfl6pfl 16-fI
neXOTHafi 6pll1raAa 70- nexoTHo AII1BII13111111 (6blBwafi
6-fI neXOTHafi AII1BII13111f1) 111 4- nOIlK KopOIleBCKII1X TaH-
KOB CMeHII1IlIl1 24-10 6pll1raAY. OCTaIlbHafi ....acTb 70-Ci
neXOTHOCi AII1BII13111111 npll16blIla B T06pYK B cIleAYIOLl.\eM
MeCfI,-\e. Bce 3TII1 CII1Ilbl HaxoAII1IlIl1Cb nOA KOMaHAOBa-
HlI1eM reHepaJla CK06M. 3Ta OnepaLlIl1f1 6blIla ....pe3Bbl-
....a Ho onaCHa: nOCIle BOCbMII1MecfI....Ho ocaAbl 1113 rap-
HII130Ha 6bl1l0 BblBe3eHO 47 000 ....eIlOBeK, BKIlIO....afl
paHeHblx, a 34 000 ....eIlOBeK 111 60Ilee 30 000 TOHH rpy-
30B 6blIlll1 AOCTaBIleHbl B OCa>KAeHHbl roPOA. Bo Bpe-
Mfl onepa,-\II1M 34 BoeHHblX 111 TpaHcnopTHblX cYAHa 6bl-
110 yHII1....TO>KeHO, a eLl.\e 33 nOIly....II1IlIl1 nOBpe>KAeHII1f1.
47 3Ta AII1BepCII10HHafi onepa,-\lI1f1 6blIla npOBeAeHa
B HOfl6pe CII1IlaMII1 rpynnbl ....II1CIleHHOCTblO B nfiTbAeCflT
....eIlOBeK nOA KOMaHAOBaHlI1eM Ile TeHaHT-nOIlKOBHII1-
KOB Ke ca 111 ne KOKa. OHII1 BbICa,D,II1IlIl1Cb C ABYX nOA-
BOAHblX IlOAOK B pa OHe ClI1peHbl, BblWIlIl1 B pa OH
6eAa-nIl1TOpll1l11, rAe, comaCHO AaHHblM 6pIl1TaHCKO
pa3BeAKII1, HaxOAMIlaCb wTa6-KBapTlI1pa POMMeIlfi. HO
KOMaHAlI1pa 6pOHeTaHKOBO rpynnbl, HaXOAflLl.\erOCfI B
TOT MOMeHT B PMMe, OHII1 TaM He 06HapY>KII1IlIl1. neCiTe-
HaHT-nOIlKOBHII1K KeCic norn6 BO BpeMfi 3TO OTBa>KHO
onepa4111111, KOTopafl TaK Hili K ....eMy 111 He npIl1BeIla...
48 KapIl 6thxep 6blIl KOMaHAlI1pOM apTII1IlIlep1l1111
6poHeTaHKoBoCi rpynnbl.
49 rpynna nOAAep>KKII1 4- neXOTHO II1HAII1CiCKO
AII1B1I13111111, HaXOAflLl.\aflCfI B 3TOM ceKTope, nOIly....II1Ila
npll1Ka3 OToCiTII1, He BCTynafi B KOHTaKT C npOTII1BHII1-
KOM.
50 3aXBa....eHHbl 6pIl1TaHCKII1 rpY30BII1K, II1cnOIlb-
3yeMbl POMMeIleM.
51 nepBOHa....aJlbHO rayc 6blIl nOCIlaH B CeBepHYIO
Acppll1KY C 60IlbWO rpynno CBOIl1X ocpll1,-\epOB AIlfi
CBfl3111 C rpynno «KOMaHAO cynpeMO» B nll1BlI1111 (6ac-
TII1KO). n03AHee OH CTaIl Ha....aJlbHII1KOM wTa6a rpynnbl
«Acp£II1Ka...
2 B oKTfl6pe 1941 rOAa 23% KOHBoeB, cIleAYIO-
Ll.\II1X B nll1BlI1lO, 6blIlO nOTonIleHO.
53 Acppll1KaHCKafi AII1BII13111f1 oc060ro Ha3Ha....eHII1f1,
II1MeBwafi Tpll1 neXOTHblX nOIlKa, 6blIla c03AaHa Ha 6a-
3e pa3IlIl1....HbIX He3aBII1CII1MbiX nOApa3AeIleHII1Ci, BKIlIO-
....afl nOIlK BeTepaHOB <DpaH,-\Y3CKOro II1HOCTpaHHoro
Ilerll10Ha (361- acppIl1KaHCKM neXOTHbl nOIlK, MOTO-
pIl13I11pOBaHHbl ). OHa 6bl1la ompaBIleHa B Acppll1KY M
B MapTe 1942 roAa nOIly....MIla Ha3BaHII1e 90- acppll1-
KaHcKo AII1B1I13111111.
54 B aBrYCTe - ceHTfl6pe 1941 roAa cII1Tya,-\lI1f1 co
3AopoBbeM B repMaHcKoM Acppll1KaHCKOM Kopnyce
6blIla He 1113 Ily....WII1X. B aBrYCTe caM POMMeIlb nepe-
60IleIl >Ke1lTYxo . B ceHTfl6pe >KeIlTYXO 60IleIla ,-\e-
Ilafl AII1BII13111f1!
55 3a ABa AHfI C 21 no 22 HOfl6pfl 5-Ci TaHKOBbl
nOIlK caMOCTOfITeIlbHO yHII1....TO>KII1Il 52 6pll1TaHCKII1X TaH-
Ka, 4 npOTII1BOTaHKoBblX 0PYAII1f1 111 2 apTII1IlIlepll1CicKII1X
OPYAII1f1. K Be....epy 22 HOfl6pfl Y Hero OCTaBaIlOCb 18
TaHKOB II, 32 11I111 7 IV; B 06Ll.\e CIlO>KHOCTII1 57 TaHKOB
M3 124, II1MeBWII1XCfI 18 HOfl6pfl, Ha MOMeHT Ha....aJla
HaC nIleHII1f1.
6 M. Carver. Et ce fut EI Alamein. Paris, 1963.
57 M. Carver. Et ce fut EI Alamein. Paris, 1963.
58 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox. London,
1977.
59 KOMaHAlI1p 21- 6pOHeTaHKOBOCi AII1BM3111111 6blIl
B3f1T B nIleH HOB03eIlaHA,-\aMII1 Ha nYTII1 B WTa6-KBap-
TII1Py POMMeIlfl, KYAa OH 6blIl Bbl3BaH KOMaHAlI1pOM
6pOHeTaHKOBO rpynnbl. 3TO 6bl1l nepBbl HeMe,-\KII1
reHepaIl, nOnaBWII1 B PYKII1 Henpll1f1TeIlfi. B 3TOT >Ke
caMblCi AeHb nOA06Hafi y....aCTb nOCTMma M Ma opa
BIOCTecpeIlbAa.
60 B HOfl6pe 4 cYAHa, Be3YLl.\lI1e 60 000 TOHH BO-
oPY>KeHII1f1111 60enpll1naCOB, 6blIlll1 nOTOnIleHbl COBMeCT-
HblMII1 Ae cTBMflMII1 nOApa3AeIleHII1Ci 6pll1TaHCKOro
cpIlOTa 111 aBlI1a,-\1I1111 C MaJlbTbl.
61 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox. London,
1977.
62 B 06Ll.\e CIlO>KHOCTM 56 TaHKOB II, 105 TaHKOB
III, 29 TaHKOB IV 111 5 KOMaHAHblx TaHKOB.
63 M. Carver. Et ce fut EI Alamein. Paris, 1963.
64 3TM CII1Ilbl paCnOIlaraJlMCb CIleAYIOLl.\II1M 06pa-
30M. Ha npaBOM cpIlaHre BAOIlb IlIl1HII1I11 n06epe>Kbfl
CTOflIlIl1 ....eTblpe CMewaHHble KOIlOHHbl 201- 6pll1raAbl.
236
Ha IleBOM cpIlaHre co CTOpOHbl nYCTblHII1 cppOHT npll1-
KpblBaJlIl1 ....eTblpe 6pll1ra,Qbl, B3f1Tble 1113 1- 6pOHeTaH-
KOBOCi AII1BII13MII1. B rpynne nOAAep>KKII1, paCnOIlO>KeH-
HOCi B 150 KII1IlOMeTpax OT cppoHTa, PII1....M c06paJl TaHKII1
2-Ci TaHKoBo 6pll1raAbi (1-fI 6pOHeTaHKOBafi AII1BII1-
3111f1).
65 POMMeIlb II1MeIl CBeAeHII1f1 0 HaMepeHII1f1X 6pll1-
TaHl\eB, nOIly....afl OT repMaHCKOCi 111 II1TaIlbflHCKOCi pa3-
BeAOK nepeXBa....eHHble C0061..L\eHMfI aMepll1KaHCKOrO
BoeHHoro aTTawe B Kall1pe nOIlKOBHII1Ka 60HHepa <DeIl-
IlepCa. KOA K WII1CPPY 3TII1X C0061..L\eHII1Ci 6blIl CcpOTO-
rpacpll1pOBaH II1TaJlbflHCKII1MM areHTaMII1 B aMepll1KaH-
CKOM nOCOIlbCTBe B PII1Me B ceHTfl6pe 1941 rOAa. POM-
MeIlb, np03BaBwM 3TII1 C006I..L\eHII1f1 «MaIlIOTKII1
<DeIlIlepcbl", nOIly....aIl MX Ka>KAbl Be....ep, HO He yno-
MII1HaeT 0 HII1X HM B CBOIl1X MeMyapax, Hili B CBoeM AHeB-
HII1Ke. 3Ta yTe....Ka BO MHorOM cnoc06CTBOBaIla ycnexy
onepal\lI1l11.
66 LlT06bl 1I136e>KaTb yTe....KII1 111 HcpopMa,-\lI1l11, POM-
MeIlb He II1HcpOpMlI1pOBaIl II1TaIlbflHl\eB 0 CBOMX nIlaHax.
67 B 3TY rpynny BXOAII1IlIl1 155- neXOTHbl nOIlK, 2-
nYIleMeTHblCi 6aTaIlbOH 111 3eHII1THafi rpynna «!..WYKa".
68 CTpYKTypa 3TOCi AII1BII13111111 6blIla 1I13MeHeHa. 3a-
MeTII1B, ....TO 60IlbWII1e 6pOHeTaHKOBbie AII1BII13111111 C Ma-
IlblM KOIlM....eCTBOM neXOTbl MaIl03cpcpeKTII1BHbl, 6pll1-
TaHCKoe KOMaHAOBaHlI1e peWII1IlO nOCIleAOBaTb npll1Me-
py HeM,-\eB M KOM6111HII1pOBaTb pa3IlIl1....Hble BII1Abl BO CK.
B COOTBeTCTBlI1111 C 3TII1M ABe 6pOHeTaHKOBbie 6pll1ra,Qbl
111 rpynna nOAAep>KKII1 6blIlll1 3aMeHeHbi 6pOHeTaHKOBO
rpynnoa:.1 (3aMeHflBwea:.16pll1raAbl) 111 ABYMfI MOTOpIl13111-
pOBaHHblMII1 neXOTHblMII1 rpynnaMII1.
69 ,Qopora, II1AYl..L\afl napaIlIleIlbHO npIl16pe>KH0a/1
IlIl1HII1I11 1113 Me....II1IlIl1 B cpOpT Kany,-\,-\o.
70 ,Qopora, npOTflHYBwaflCfI C ceBepO-3ana,Qa Ha
IOrO-BOCTOK 111 BeAYl..L\afl B 6I11p-3Ilb-r06111.
71 B OTHOWeHMII1 3TOro nIlaHa reHepaJl rayc nll1-
caIl: «Ero nIlaH nOCIlaTb Bce TaHKOBble CII1Ilbl apMlI1111
B 06xOA IO>KHOrO cpIlaHra npOTII1BHII1Ka 6blIl ....pe3Bbl-
....a HO Aep30K, oc06eHHO B TOM OTHOWeHlI1l11, ....TO 111
IlIl1HII1I11 cHa6>KeHII1f1 AOIl>KHbl 6blIlll1 II1ATII1 B 06xOA. ECIlM
6bl OH npOll1rpaJl 3TO Cpa>KeHMe, TO nOTepflIl 6bl BCIO
AcppIl1KY" .
72 reHepaJl-Ile TeHaHT cpOH BaepCT CMeHMIl nOIl-
KOBHII1Ka MeHHII1 9 AeKa6pfl1941 rOAa. reHepaJl-Ma Op
cpOH 6111cMapK CMeHII1Il reHepaJl-IleCiTeHaHTa 6Ehxepa
30 flHBapfi 1942 rOAa.
73 nOflCHeHlI1e OTCYTCTByeT.
74 nOflCHeHlI1e OTCYTCTByeT.
75 KplOBeIlIl 6blIl B3f1T B nIleH BO BpeMfi CBoero
II1HcneK,-\1I10HHoro nOIleTa Ha cppOHT Ha pa3BeAblBa-
TeIlbHOM caMOIleTe. reHepaIl rayc 6blIl HeMeAIleHHO
3aMeHeH nOIlKOBHII1KOM 6a epIle HOM, a 06epcme -
TeHaHT BecTcpaIlb - 06epcmeCiTeHaHToM MeIlIleH-
TII1HOM.
76 Ho eMY YAaJlOCb ....epe3 HeCKOIlbKO ....acOB 6e-
>KaTb.
77 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox. London,
1977.
78 C. Barnett. The Desert Generals. New Jork,
1960.
79 K 3TOMY BpeMeHII1 B repMaHCKOM Acppll1KaHCKOM
Kopnyce OCTaBaJlOCb Bcero IlIl1Wb 50 TaHKoB! 15-fI 111
21-fI 6poHeTaHKoBbie AII1BII13111111 II1MeIlIl1 no OAHOMY ne-
XOTHOMY nOIlKY, B Ka>KAOM 1113 KOTOpblX HaC....lI1TbIBaJlOCb
He 60Ilee 300 ....eIlOBeK, 10 npOTII1BOTaHKoBblX 0PYAII1a:.1
111 7 aPTII1IlIlepll1 CKII1X 6aTapeCi (061..L\eCi CIlO>KHOCTblO 28
OPYAII1 ). B 90-Ci AII1BII13111111 6blIlO Bcero IlIl1Wb 1500 ....e-
IlOBeK, 30 npOTII1BOTaHKoBblX 0PYAII1Ci 111 ABe 6aTapell1
(T.e. 8 OPYAII1Ci). Tpll1 6aTaJlbOHa pa3BeAKII1 (3- , 33-Ci 111
580- ) II1MeIlIl1 Bcero 15 6poHMpoBaHHbix 60eBbix Ma-
WII1H, 20 6pOHII1pOBaHHbix TpaHcnopTHblX MaWII1H 111 3
3axBa....eHHble y npOTII1BHII1Ka 6aTapell1. ApTII1IlIlepll1f1
TaHKoBo apMlI1111 Hac....II1TblBaJla Bcero IlIl1Wb 4 IlerKMX
111 11 TfI>KeIlbiX 6aTapeCi nIlIOC 26 88-MII1IlIlIl1MeTpOBbIX
111 64 20-MII1IlIlIl1MeTpOBbIX 0PYAII1f1. Tpll1 II1TaIlbflHCKII1X
Kopnyca HaXOAII1IlMCb He B Ily....WeM COCTOflHMII1: B XX
Kopnyce 6blIl0 Bcero IlIl1Wb 1600 ....eIlOBeK 111 54 TaHKa.
80 L-1MeHHo B 3TOM 6010 6blIl 3axBa....eH B nIleH Ka-
nll1TaH 3ee60M, KOMaHAYIOI..L\M paAlI10nepexBaToM.
3TO 6blIl ....yBcTBlI1TeIlbHbl YAap no POMMeIllO, KOTO-
pblCi IlIl1WII1IlCfI CBOIl1X «ywe ", B 3TO >Ke caMoe BpeMfi
POMMeIlb nOTepflIl 111 APYro pa3BeAblBaTeIlbHbl II1C-
TO....HII1K «MaJlIOTKII1 <DeIlIlepca». yTe....Ka ....epe3 aMepll1-
KaHCKoro aTTawe 6blIla 06HapY>KeHa, 111 nOIlKOBHII1K
<DeIlIlepc 6blIl OT03BaH AOMOCi...
81 14 II1TaJlbflHCKII1X apTII1Ilnepll1 CKMX rpynn 111 pa3-
IlIl1....Hble APyrll1e nOApa3AeIleHII1f1: napawlOTHafi AII1BII1-
3111f1 «<DaIlbrop", ABe II1TaJlbflHCKlI1e MOTOpIl13I11pOBaH-
Hble AII1BII13111111 (<<nIl1CToIla» 111 «6peHHepo"), ,QOIl>KHbl
6blIlM B 6IlM>KaCiwee BpeMfi npll16blTb repMaHcKafi na-
pawlOTHafi 6pll1raAa 111 BHOBb c03AaHHafi 06Iler....eHHafi
164-fI AMBII13MR
82 6bIBWII1 KOMaHAlI1p 3KCneAII1,-\1I10HHbIX CII1Il B
6111pMe A11eKcaHAep 6blIl Ha3Ha....eH B rpynny 3Ci3eH-
xaY3pa B CeKl\1I11O BoCicK, y....aCTByIOI..L\II1X B Onepal\II1M
«<DaKeIl» (BblcaAKa B MapOKKO 111 AIl>KMpe). Ero 3aMe-
HII1Il MOHTrOMepll1.
83 MOHTroMepM, B CBOIO o....epeAb, 6blIl 3aMeHeH
reH aJlOM AHAepCOHOM.
4 3a nepll10A Me>KAY 26 Maflll1 20 MIOIlfi 1942 rOAa
r epMaHCKII1 AcppIl1KaHCKII1 Kopnyc nOTepflIl 233 TaH-
Ka 11111111 crOpeBWII1MlI1l11IlIl1 nOBpe>KAeHHbIMII1 TaK, ....TO II1X
HeIlb3f1 6blIl0 BOCCTaHOBII1Tb, B TOM ....MCIle 25 TaHKOB
II, 175 TaHKOB III, 31 TaHK IV 111 2 KOMaHAHblX TaHKa.
85 ,QecpM,-\II1T B IlIOAfiX COCTaBIlflIl 16 000 ....eIlOBeK,
cIleAyeT y....eCTb, ....TO B aBrycTe Hac....II1TbIBaJlOCb 9418
Ocpll1l\lI1aJlbHO 60IlbHbIX.
237
86 A II1MeHHO 128 TaHKOB (1411, 8911I M 21 IV nmoc
K 3TOMY 4 KOMaHAHblX TaHKa) B 5-M TaHKOBOM nOIlKY
21- 6poHeTaHKoBoCi AII1BII13111111111 145 TaHKOB (15 II, 78
III, 16 IV M 2 KOMaHAHblx TaHKa) B 8-M TaHKOBOM nOIlKY
15-Ci 6poHeTaHKoBo AII1BM3MII1. L-13 3TMX 173 TaHKOB
TOIlbKO 100 (11I111 IV) 6blIlll1 BooPY>KeHbl AIlIl1HHblMII1 50-
111 75-MII1IlIlMMeTpoBbIMII1 0pYAMflMII1, cnoc06HblMII1 npo-
6111BaTb 6pOHIO aMepll1KaHCKII1X TaHKOB ..rpaHT».
87 BKIlIO....afl 713 BO CPPOHTOBOCi 30He, 1113 KOTOpblX
164 6bl1lll1 TlI1na «rpaHT».
88 B Te....eHlI1e aBrYCTa 6pll1TaHCKOe KOMaHAOBaHlI1e
3Ha....II1TeIlbHO YCII1IlIl1IlO BOeHHbl nOTeHl\lI1aIl OCTpoBa.
89 Co 3AOpOBbeM Y rYAepll1aHa 6blIlO Bce B nOpflA-
Ke, HO OH 6bl1l BCe el..L.\e B HeMII1IlOCTII1 nOCIle 6111TBbi nOA
MOCKBO . ,Qo 1943 rOAa OH TaK 111 He nOIlY....II1Il HII1KaKO-
ro Ha3Ha....eHII1f1.
90 3Ta 6e3AeflTeIlbHOCTb n03>Ke 6YAeT nOCTaBIle-
Ha B ynpeK KOMaHAII1PY BOCbMOCi apMMII1, KOTOpbl OT-
BeprHeT 3TO 06BII1HeHII1e, 3aflBII1B, ....TO YPOBeHb nOAro-
TOBKII1 nOApa3AeIleHII1 BOCbMO apMlI1111 He AOCTaTO-
....eH AIlfi Toro, ....T06bl «TepflTb MX B Il060BOCi aTaKe Ha
Bpara».
91 B 061..L.\e CIlO>KHOCTII1 121 TaHK B 15-Ci 6poHe-
TaHKoBo AMBII13MM (14 TaHKOB II, 87 TaHKOB III, 18 TaH-
KOB IV 111 2 KOMaHAHblx TaHKa) 111 143 TaHKa B 21-
6pOHeTaHKOBOCi AMBII13111M (19 TaHKOB II, 96 TaHKOB III,
22 TaHKa IV 111 6 KOMaHAHblX TaHKOB).
92 Ha 13 OKTfl6pfl TaHKOBafi apMII1f1 06Il8.Qana 60-
eBblM 3anaCOM Bcero IlIl1Wb Ha AeCflTb AHe .
93 WTYMMe YMep B KOMaHAMpCKOM aBTOM06111Ile
OT CepAe....Horo npll1CTyna BO BpeMfi aBlI1al\1I10HHOro Ha-
IleTa. Wocpep He 3aMeTII1Il, KaK OH BblnaIl. Ero TeIlO
6blIlO HaCiAeHO TOIlbKO Ha CIleAYIOI..L.\II1 AeHb. WTYMMe
BpeMeHHO 3aMeHII1Il KOMaHAMp repMaHCKoro Acppll1-
KaHCKoro Kopnyca reHepaIl cpOH TOMa. Y3HaB 06 3TOM,
POMMeIlb nocneWHO nOKII1HYIl ABCTpll110 111 B 23 ....aca 25
MII1H T 25 OKTfl6pfl BepHYIlcfI K CBOIl1M 06f13aHHOCTfiM.
4 C. Barnett. The Desert Generals. New Jork,
1960.
95 D. Irving. Rommel: The Trail of the Fox. London,
1977.
96 reHepan cpOH TOMa 6blIl B3f1T B nIleH 6pIl1TaH -
Mill BO BpeMfi pa3BeAbIBaTeIlbHO noe3AKM Ha 6pOHII1-
pOBaHHOM aBTOM06I11Ile. 6a epIle H, nbiTaBWII1 CfI
AorHaTb ero, Ha6IllOAaIl 3a 3TMM C06blTII1eM C paccTO-
flHII1f1 OKOIlO CTa MeTpoB 111 BOBpeMfi ycneIl oTcTynMTb.
97 K Ha....anY AeKa6pfl repMaHCKII1 AcppIl1KaHCKII1
Kopnyc npeACTaBIlflIl c060 B nOIlHOM CMblCIle CIlOBa
TeHb 6bl1l0ro BeIlIl1....II1f1. Y Hero OCTanOCb Bcero IlIl1Wb
64 TaHKa, 1113 KOTOpblX TOIlbKO 11 6blIlll1 B COCTOflHlI1111
60eroToBHoCTII1! B npOMe>KYTKe Me>Kp,y 23 OKTfl6pfl 111
2 AeKa6pfl 6blIlO nOTepflHo 29 TaHKOB II, 161 - III,
31 - IV 111 8 KOMaHAHblX TaHKOB. nOIly....eHHble AIlfi
nOAKpenIleHII1f1 22 TaHKa IV 6blIlll1 nOAeIleHbl Me>KAY
ABYMfI 6poHeTaHKoBblMII1 AII1BII13111f1MII1.
98 7 flHBapfi 3Ta AII1BII13111f1 npMHflIla Bce BOopY>Ke-
HMe 111 CHapfl>KeHlI1e 21-Ci 6poHeTaHKoBoCi AMBM3111111 (KO-
Topafl 6bl1la 3BaKYII1pOBaHa B TYHlI1c) 111 nOIlY....MIla npll1-
Ka3 060POHflTb IlIl1HII1IO racpca - ra6ec OT Il106blX no-
CflraTeIlbCTB COI03HII1KOB.
COAep>K8HMe
1. TeaTp BoeHHblX AeMcTBMM: 11MBMSI
II1cTOpMyecKafi nOAonIleKa: MTaIlbflH,-\bl M nMBMfI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Tal1bSlHcKoe HacTynl1eHMe M 6pMTaHcKaSi KOHTpaTaKa (ceHTSl6pb 1940 rOAa-
q>eBp8l1b 1941 rOAa)
BoeHHble CMJlbl HaKaHYHe BO Hbl . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . _ . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15
PacTepflHHocTb cpeAM MTaIlbflHcKOro KOMaHAoBaHMfI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16
3. npM6blTMe repMaHcKoro Aq>pMKaHcKoro Kopnyca M nepBoe HacTynl1eHMe POMMel1S1
(q>eBpal1b - MIOHb 1941 rOAa)
nepBble npM3HaKM 60eBbix Ae cTBM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
POMMeIlb HacTynaeT (31 MapTa -15 anpeIlfi 1941 roAa). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39
ConpoTMBIleHMeTo6pYKa (11-30 an peIl fI 1941 roAa) .. _...............................41
Onepa,-\MM Ha erMneTcKo rpaHII1,-\e (anpeIlb - Ma 1941 roAa). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
npOBaJl onepa,-\MII1 «6oeBo TOnop» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . _ . . . . . . . . . . 53
4. 6pMTaHcKoe KOHTpHacTynl1eHMe: onepa'-'MSI «KpecTOHOCe,-,) (HOSl6pb 1941 rOAa-
S1HBapb 1942 rOAa)
OKII1HJleK rOTOBII1T 0pYAMfi MeCTM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
CMTya,-\MfI B repMaHo-MTaIlbflHcKOM COI03e. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90
Ha....aJlo onepa,-\MII1 «KpecToHoce,-\». . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
5. BTopoe HacTynl1eHMe POMMel1S1 (21 S1HBapSi - 20 MIOI1S1 1942 rOAa)
C06blTMfI HaYII1HalOT pa3BMBaTbcfI B nOIlb3Y POMMeJlfl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 109
nepBbl 6pOCOK BnepeA (21 flHBapfl- 3 cpeBpaJlfl 1942 roAa). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 110
BpeMeHHoe 3aTMWbe (5 cpeBpaIlfi - 25 Mafl 1942 rOAa). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . .. 112
CMTya,-\MfI Ha repMaHO-MTaJlbflHCKO CTopoHe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 113
BTOpO 6pOCOK BnepeA (26 Mafl - 21 II1IOHfI 1942 rOAa) . . . . . . . _ . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 115
6. KOHTpHacTynl1eHMe MOHTrOMepM (aBrycT 1942 rOAa - S1HBapb 1943 rOAa)
6pMTaH,-\bl rOTOBflTCfI K no6eAe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 179
TaHKoBafi apMII1f1 «AcppIl1Ka» 3aIlll13blBaeT paHbl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 181
npeIlIOAMfi B A11aM-XaJlbcpe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 182
BTOpafl 6MTBa 3a 3Ilb-AIlaMe H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 187
npecIleAoBaHMe AO TYHMCCKO rpaHII1,-\bl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 191
3aKJllOyeHMe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 196
nplltflO>KeHllte 1. <DoTOrpacpMM M3 IlMYHOro aJlb60Ma Ma opa Wp3nIlepa, 8AbIOTaHTa POMMeIlfi. . .. 197
nplltflO>KeHllte 2. nOApa3AeIleHMflIllOcpTBacpcpe, 38Ae cTBOBaHHble B CeBepHo Acppll1Ke 111 Ha
CpeAM3eMHOM Mope B nepll10A nIl1BII1 CKO KaMnaHMM (cpeBpaIlb 1941 roAa - flHBapb 1943 roAa). 207
nplltflO>KeHllte 3. OCHoBHble KOMaHAMpbl TaHKoBo apMMM «AcppMKa» B nepMoA
KaMnaHII1M B nMBMM M ErMnTe (cpeBpaJlb 1941 roAa - flHBapb 1943 roAa) .................... 209
nplltflO>KeHllte 4. KaBaIlepbl >KeJle3HOrO Pbl,-\apcKoro KpeCTa M 60Ilee BblCOKII1X Harp8A
3a BpeMfi nMBII1 CKO-Erll1neTCKO KaMnaHMII1 (MapT 1941 roAa - flHBapb 1943 rOAa) . . . . . . . . . . .. 211
KOMMeHTapMM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 234
HCKJltO'lHTeJlhHhIe npaBa Ha ny6J1HKaI.lHIO KHHrH
Ha PYCCKOM JI3hIKe npHHa.aJle)l(aT H3.llaTeJlhcTBY ACT.
JII060e HCnOJlh30BaHHe MaTepHaJIa L\aHHOH KHHrH,
nOJlHOCThlO HJlH 'laCTH'lHO, 6e3 paJpeweHHJI
npaBo06J1a.llaTeJlJI 3anpeIl.\aeTCJI.
HaY'lHO-nonyJlJIpHOe H3.llaHHe
JIaHHya <1>paHcya )J,e
A<DPMKAHCKM" KOpnyC
JIMBMMCKO- ErMrreTCKa» KaMrraHMH
1941-1943
XY.llO)l(eCTBeHHhIH pe.llaKTOp O.H. A,n:acKHHa
KOMnhlOTepHaJI BepcTKa: P.B. PhI.llaJIHH
MJla.llWHH pe.llaKTOp H.B. ,[(MHll'l1eBa
06Il.\epOCCI1HCKI1H KJlaCCl1ItJl1KaTOp npo.uyKI.\HH OK-005-93, TOM 2;
953004 - HaY'lHaJi 11 np0l13BO.llCTBeHHaJi JlI1TepaTYPa
CaHI1TapHo-:mH.lleMI10JlOrH'leCKOe 3aKJIIO'leHl1e
N2 77.99.60.953.,[(.007027.06.07 OT 20.06.07 r.
000 «H3.llaTeJlhCTBO ACT»
141100, POCCI1JI, MOcKOBCKaJI 06J1., r.1.UeJlKOBO, YJI. 3ape'lHaJI,.ll. 96
Hawl1 :meKTpoHHhIe a peca: WWW.AST.RU E-mail: astpub@aha.ru
000 H3.llaTeJlhCTBO «ACT MOCKBA))
129085, r. MocKBa, 3Be3.llHhIH 6-p, .ll. 21, cll'. 1
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OTne'laTaHO B nOJlHOM COOTBeTCTBHI1 C Ka'leCTBOM
npe.llOCTaBJleHHoro 3J1eKTpOHHOro OPHrHHaJI-MaKeTa
B OAO «51pocJlaBcKHH nOJll1rpa4JKoM6HHaT»
150049, 51pocJlaBJlh, YJI. CB060.llhI, 97
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B MapTe 1941 rOAa rrepeAoBhIe qaCTH HeMeQKHX BOHCK BhIcaAHAHCh B J\HBHH,
qTo6hl OKa3aTh rrOMOl..Qh HTaAh5IHCKOH apMHH. B rrOCAeAYIOI..QHe ABa rOAa
CHAaM fepMaHCKoro AcppHKaHCKoro Koprryca rrOA KOMaHAOBaHHeM 3pBHHa
POMMeA5I YAaAOCh OT6poCHTb AHBH3HH 6pHTaHQeB H HX COI03HHKOB
H BhIHTH K HHAY. To, qTO HaqaAOCb KaK cTpeMHTeAhHa5I H JKeCTOKa5I
3KCrraHCH5I B rrycThIHIO, rrpeBpaTHAocb B TeaTp OJKeCTOqeHHhIX BoeHHhIX
AeHcTBHH, OTMeqeHHhIH TaHKOBbIMH aTaKaMH, cTpeMHTeAhHhIMH MaprnaMH
H 6hICTphIMH rrepeMel..QeHH5IMH BOHCK.
3Ta KHHra paccKa3hIBaeT 0 MHOrOqHCAeHHbIX CpaJKeHH5IX, KOTophIe
BeAH ofi'beAHHeHHhIe repMaHo-HTaAh5IHCKHe CHAhI C MapTa 1941 rOAa
AO cpeBpaA5I 1943 rOAa B J\HBHH H ErHrrTe.
HaCT05Irn;ee H3AaHHe COAepJKHT 800 HAAIOcTpaQHH, BKAIOqaIOI..QHX
YHHKaAhHhIe cpOTO COAAaT H ocpHu;epoB. ABTOpCKHH TeKCT
AorrOAHeH KapTaMH, cxeMaMH, HMeHHhIM YKa3aTeAeM
H KOMMeHTapH5IMH. ISBN '7 -5- 7-D52 52-
911 ][1[1 IIIJI! IJIJUII