Текст
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THIO OIIpeAeJIeHHbIX HapOAOB. IIOA06Ho-
ro po;:ra xYAomecTBeHHoe MbIllIJIeHHe
aBJIHeTCH pe3YJIbTaTOM MHoroBeKoBoro
pa3BIITIIH II He MomeT B03HHKHYTb II
paClipOCTpaHHTbCH Y pa3JIH'IHbIX HU-
pOAOB, Ha orpOMHOll: TeppHTopHH 3a
KaKHC-HII6Y,i:\h 0AHO - ABa AeCHTHJIC-
THH. MHorne Hel 06pa30B CRH«pCKoro H
caKo-cn6l1pCKOfO 3BepHHoro CTHJIH BO-
06IIJ;C He IIMCIOT IIpOTOTHnOB B ApeB-
neBOCTOqHOM IlCKYCCTBe HJIH cOAepmaT
caMbIe ;:ra.IClmc, CTH.1:!HCTlI'JeCKH 060c06-
JIeHHbIC' ITa paJIJICJIII.
Ho r.laBHOC, KaK 3TO 'IaCTO 6bIBae'r
B apxeo.'lOrHII, elaKJIIO'IaeTCa B 0IlIH60l{-
RbIX XpOHo.'lOrnqeCIUIX COOTHOllIeHHHX.
CaKKbI3CKOC ITOrpe6eHHe, KOTOPOMY
n pn,l\a CTC R ITpIlHn;HIIllaJIbHO-HCXOAHoe
3HaqeTJITe. !JT!IfOAb He HBJIaeTCH ApeB-
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rpYIIllhl IIpOJl3IJei CIIHM HCKYCCTBa. Bpe-
MR cro aKTnqeCKH COBlIaAaeT CO
BpeM{mC' 1 }-\r.1elnleca. IIpeA.'lOmeRHaH
J\I. :r;I'\[aKCIDtOROM AaTa noro naMHT-
BHKa lie !IO:I.'\I1ee nepBOll qeTBepTlI
VI B. :10 TJ. :1. OCTaBJIHeT B03MOmIIOCTh
AJIH 60.le(> l'ilRHcn ero p;aTHpOBKIl 76.
Ca t 'If. IT. ApTaMoHoB OTMCqaeT,
'{TO a fla:rOllllt, KOTopbIe IIpIlBOAIlT
22
110M Ra3aXCTaHe, B6JIH3H 'Y CTb- RaMe-
IIoropCKa. 84 I{ KOHn;y VII B. AO H. 3.
OTHOCHTca ma60TIIHCKHe IIJIaCTHHbI II
IIcamm HaHAeHHble B !WMIIJIeKCe C
, 85
ABYXlIeTeJIb'IaTbIMH YAHJIaMII .
CpeAH HaxOAoK B CaMTaBpCKOM MO-
rII.'IbHHKe B norpe6eHIIH 106 OKa3aJIIICb
06JIOMKH I'OJIOBKH rpH«p0-6apaHa Ii
KOHen; IICaJIHa C KOHCKHM KonbITn;eM
II opHaMeHTOM H3 BbIeM'IaTbIX TpeyrOJIb'
HHKOB KaK Ha nCaJIHH H3 iKa60THHa 88
(pHC. '4, 7, 8). Ro BTOpOll IIOJIOBIIHe
VII B. P;O H. 3. IIplIHaAJIemHT norpe6e-
M. I1. MaKcHMoBa, OTIIOCHTCH He TO.1:Ib-
}i:0 K Ha'IaJIY VI, HO II K, KOHn;y VII B.
AO H. 3. 77 . B IIOJIb3Y HeKOToporo YApeB-
IieHHH p;aTbI ReJIepMeCa B IIpeAeJIax
KOIln;a VII, py6ema VII - VI BB. AO
II. 3. BbICKa3aJIHCb, He3aBIICHMO APyr
oT P;Pyra, aBTopHTeTHelllllHe KaBKa30-
BeALl: A. A. I1ecceH, E. I1. I\PYIIHOB,
E. E. IIHOTpoBeKHll 78.
Cpe,D;H HaxoAoK H3 3HBIle HMeIOTC
BeIIJ;H paHHeCKH«pCKIIX 06pa3n;OB. 8TO
IIpemAe Bcero 6pOH30BbIC ,i:\BYXJIO-
IIaCTHbIe H TpeXJIOnaCTHbIC HaROHeq-
RHKH CTpeJI Ke.'lepMeCCIUIX THIIOB
(pHC. 3, 3) 79, IIpHiKKa-IIpOHH3b II3 Ka-
6aHbero KJIbIKa (pHC. 3, 2), IIOJIOBHHa
6poH30Boro IICamlH C TpeMH neTJIHMH
H OPJIHHOll: rOJIOBKOll (pHC. 3, 1) 80. 113
3TOll me MeCTHOCTII, XOTH H He B ROM IT-
.'lCKCe IIOrpC6eHlIH, npOlICXOAIIT IIa pa
COBepllIeHHO CKlI«pCKHX KOCTHIILlX nca-
mlii C rOJIOBKOll rpu«p0-6apaHa II KOIIbIT-
n;eM 8'. ::ho TaKme KpallHe CliMIITOMa-
TlI'IHO (pHC. 3, 4). Bce no rOBopHT B
IIOJIb3Y HeCOMHeHHOll XpOHOJIOrHqeCKOll
6JIH30CTH rp06HHn;Ll B 3HBIle II ReJIep-
Meca.
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llIaH 'IaCTb pe3HbIX Il3,i:\eJmii 1I3 ROCTH
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FHP; IIpep;MeTOB B 3BepHHOM CTHJIe H3
IIpHqepHOMOpbH HeCOMHeHHO BOCXOAlIT
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llIeMY BpeMeHH 3HBIlC IIepiiOilY. TO eCTb
K VII B. AO H. 3.
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Mil CBH3aHa HaXO,i:\Ka MaxorncBClmx na-
ReplllHll: C «pHrypOII O.'1CRH !Ia ilia POBlIA-
I!O [ 6y6eHn;e (pIIC. 4, 4) 82. Ih !Orn.'1b-
HHKa Y XYTopa RyoaHcKoro uponcxo-
AHT 6pOH30BbJe IICa.IIIII C Tp 'G'[aTbI nr
BTy.'1KaMH H KOHUa !II. CItM\ICTpnq-
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u,e CRH«po-caKCKoro lTlpa - B BOCTOq-
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311Blle (no P. fUpllIMaBY); 4 - KOCTHBOit ncaJlull
113 ceJleBIIH 3uBKe (no E. nopalIa)
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qepHOMOpbe COCTaBJIlleT KOHHOI'OJIOBLIR
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CKOM, OTHOCIlIqRRCIl K VIII B. .n;o H. 3.
(pilC. 4, 2) 88.
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31lepUn020 CTUA& C Cellepn020 /(all"a3a U Ba-
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HHHa
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xy.n;OmeCTBeHHLIif nJIaCT BLIcTynaeT B
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Jle H3BeCTHLIif 30JIOTOif KypraH B .n;OJIH-
He qHJIHKTLI, co.n;epmaJ::ql!ii npOII3Be-
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OJIeHb, CBepHYBmallCIl naHTepa, Ka6aH.
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HHII - He paHee KOHn;a VII B. .11:0
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pOM6IIqeCKOif rOJIOBKOR. qIIJIHKTIIHCKHe
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20 CTUA& U3 Cu6upu U CpeiJneu A8UU:
1. 2 - B3 KypraBa 2 J c. Bepe30BKa; 3 - 6POB-
30Bi>li! KOTen B3 <I>epram.r; 4-1 - B3 KypraHa 55
v TarHcKena; 8 - SOJlOT3H HaKJla,ru(a Ha nepe-
HBBYIO 6JIHmKY B3 ypo'lBma Mai!3"Bp; 9, 10-
D3 KypraHa y lIep. IOillITep
KH Ra6aHa B IIaMIlTHilKaX Maif3MIIpCKO-
ro 3Tana AJITall 89.
K VII B. .n;0 H. 3. OTHOCIlTCIl 30JIOTLIe
HaKJIa.n;KII Ha .n;epeBIlHHbIe 6JIIlXII B BR-
.n;e CI3 p lJII): Il_ IIaHTep» II3 YROqII:,
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He (pHC. 5, 8) 90. K aHaJIOTIIqHOMY (.n;o-
TaCMOJIHHCKOMY) BpeMeHil IIpIIHa.n;JIe"
maT H306pameRHIl «f>m'yp II IIpiiTOM KO-
maqbHX XII HIIKOB B Kypr3Hax 27 H
33 rpynIIbI YifrapaK II pa3BepHYTLIe
rOJIOBKH KOHeif Ha 6pOH30BLIX IIO;{-
npymHbIx npllmKax H3 KypraHa 5.5
rpyunLI TerHcKeHa (pilC. 5, 4, 5) 91.
B RYpraHe 2 MOrnJIbHlIKa Bepe30BKa
Ha 06II HaR.n;eH pOI'OBOR HaKOHeqHIIR
C rOJIOBKOif KOHli. TaM me Haif.n;eH Hom
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VII BB. AO H. 3. (pIfC. 5, 1,2) 92.
B YKpallIeHIIIf KOHCKOrr Y3AhI 3TOrO
BpeMeHIf, OC06enHO Ha nOAnpymHhlx
npllmKaX, 6pOH30BLle BhlcTynhl 06h1qHO
YKpallIeHhI CTllJIU30BaHHIJMIf B BUAe
CepAeqKa 11306pameHIfIlMIf KOHCKOrO
KOnhlTa. HIf q,OpMa II TIfn npeAMeTOB,
HIf CTIfJII, He IIMeIOT HIfqerO 06 ero C
nepeAHea3IfaTCKilMIf If306pameHIfIlMIf.
Ib06pamcHne IIpOTOMLI KOllIaqI,erO
XIf HIfKa Ha 6pOH30BOM Home If3 AepeB-
HIf IOnIfTep B Ka3aXCTaHe conpOBom-
aJIOCI, HaXO,iJ;norr AJIIfHHOpOM6IfqeCKIfX
CTpeJI He II03,iJ;Hee nepBorr nOJIOBIfHLI
VII B. AO H. 3. (pIfC. 5, 9, 10) 93. YnOMII-
HeM TaKme KOTeJI H3 l1>epraHhI C KOJII,-
n;eBIfAHIJMIf pyqKaMIf, YKpallIeHHhlMH
q,IfrYPKaMIl CTORW;IfX K03JIOB. 8TOT KO-
TeJI B. A. .JIllTBIfHcKHrr AaTIfpyeT
VIII B. ,iJ;0 H. 3. (pIfC. 5,2)94.
B 1971 r. 'f. II. rpll3HOBLlM If
M. X. MaHHaii-OoJI 6h1JIIf HaqaTIJ pac-
KOIIKIf 3aMe'laTeJII,HOrr paHHecaKcKoH
rp06HIfD;LI - l,ypraRa ApmaH B TYBe.
Cpe,iJ;If HaXO)JOK B HeM oc06eHHO Bam-
RhI ,iJ;JIH narncii TeMhI 6pOH30BLlrr KIfH-
)l\aJI C HaBeprnneM B BIfAe q,IfrypKIf Ka-
6alla, KOCTRrr R rOJIOBKa OCeAJIaHHOrO
KOHli, If3y mTe.1I,IIall no COBepllIeHCTBY
6pOHC10BaR 6.1Rxa B BIfAe cBepHyn-
llIerOCR XIfll\Hllna. PIIA Be err If3 KYP-
raHa ApmaH InlCIOT aHaJIOrIfIf B IIaMIIT-
HIfnax HC IIOC1;mee Haqa.1Ja VII, a OqeHI,
BepORTHo, II VIII B. AO H. 3. K HIfM
OTHOCRT(" R: IT(" a.'1IfIf qepHoropoBcKoro
TITIIa. HaIWf1f"ITIITI,If CTpeJI TIfIIa MaJIon
qIlM6a.lnil. jlyi)qaTLle KaMellHLle HaK-
JraAKII. 8TII Bt'l/[li Tom,iJ;eCTBeHHIJ naxoa;-
Ka f IIC1 «Kil\' \Il'pnITCnIlX» lIorpe6elflIR R
l,ypraHe I3J."''',,aR MorIf.1Ja B IIpIfAHeII-
pOBbE', cI;opee Bccro OTIIOCHII\IfXCII K
VIII - VIT BB. .10 II. 3. 95 .
HCCOMIIellllO. n r.'1y60qarrIlICii MeCT-
HOi! Tpa.ll1!!III! BOCXO.1HT If300pameHIfll
rO.l0BOn "o/[eI' B Cnllq,o-caKcKoM IfC-
"YC"CTBE'. !lno,,!! KOTOplJX MLI BCTpeqa-
e)1 B ni1 I(,II!lbIX HaBepmIfHx me3JIOB
ApeBHellMHorr KYJlI,TYphl If Ha naMell-
HIJX necTax-cKlineTpax C rOJIOBJ;aMil
IWHII 96 . Bce nIl AaHHLle onpoBepraIOT
Te3IfC 0 TOM, '1TO ApeBHerrrrme IIpOII3BC-
AeHIfIl caKO-C1l6l1pCKoro If CKIfq,CKoro
3BepIfHoro CTIf.1JI 1I0llBIfJllICI, B CeBepo-
3anaAHOM I1paHe BMeCTe C Bew;a;.m
CaKKhl3CKoro KJlaAa.
OTKphlTIfIl nOCJIeAHIfX JIeT AalOT B03-
MomHOCTI, AaTIfpOBaTI, IIa;.IRTHlinil
CKIfq,CKoro 3BepIfHoro CTIf.ll1 60.lee palf-
HUM BpeMeHeM. I1MeIO IfeCII IICTO'lHII-
KIf n03BOJIllIOT BLlAeJIIfTI, C.1Ie,iJ;YIOW;IfI
HaIfOOJIee paHHIfe MOTIfBhI canO-CKllq,-
CKoro IfCKYCCTBa, OOID;1Ie ,'{.1JH Bcen
eBpa3IfRCIWR TeppIfTopIfU: 3TO I1300pa-
meHHII OJIeHII, x!!!II;HIfKa KOllIa'lberr 110-
POAhI, rOJIOBKH II KOllhlTa KOHH. }J..ll1
co-6CTBeHHO CKuq,CKoro (lIpn'lepHO-
MopCKoro) IfCKYCCTBa B ;:IpeBHeIlllIlirr
'nepIfoA XapaKTepHLI Tanlle ,ICnIlIJC
MOTIfBhI, J{aK rOJlOBnll oapaHa If rpJl(IJO-
oapaHa. AJlII caKCJ{oro, J{a3axCTano-
CIfOIfpCJ{oro IfCKYCCTBa TIfIIIfqHbl BelIpb
, u
If ropHhlH K03eJI C 3aKHHYTIJMn pora-
MH. Jb IfCKYCCTBa ceBepHon .1ecnorr
30HIJ B CKHq,CKoe IICKYCCTBO B.ll1.1nCb
OOpa3h1 JIOCH, Me,iJ;BeAII II BO:J1lberO
. XU HIfKa.
B COBpeMeHHO;.1 Clmq,OBe;l£'HIIII e,iJ;Ba
JIIf Harr,uyTCII Hcc.1JeAOBaTc.1II, J{OTopLle
OTpIfn;a.1IIf OIJ 3HaqeHIfe ApeBHenOCTOq-
Horo IfCJ{yccTBa B npOD;ecce q,Op lIIpO-
BaRIfIl 3BepIfHoro CTIfJlII Clmq,OB Tlpll-
'1epHOMopI,Il. 3a CqeT ,!Toro B,ll1f1 111111, .
HeCOMHeHHO, c.leAyeT OTHeCTH IIOHB.:W-
HIfe MOTIIBa roplloro 1\03.1a C II07\;J,aTbl-
Mil HoraMIf If 1I0BE'(HIYTOii na:la;J, MOp-
AOR, TpaKTOBJ{y B ::!TOIl iHC no;w pH,iJ;a
ApyrIfx TpaBoH;J;HbIX mnllOTilbIX (.10CII,
IWHII, JIaHIf), MoTIfB rpIfq,OlJa JI .1p TIfX
cIf"dR,peTIfqecJ{Ifx '1y,iJ;ORlUH. rcpa.lb,iJ;II-
'1ec,/« conOCTaBJIeHHLlX JIbBOIJ. TlTIID; C
paCnJIaCTaHHI,BfIf nphl.lbR'III. ();llIaJ{o
BhlBOAIITI, Bce IIC"YCCTBO '3BPpllHoro
CTUJIII caKO-C nllq,Cnoro \111 pa 113
IfCKYCCTBa ApeBHero BOCTOI;;] IIp e .l-
CTaBJIlleTCII Ha,1 'Ipe3"leprrbI\I.
26
OqeBIfAHO B OJIIfmarrrrme rOAhI B
eHTpe BHIf";aHIfIl IfCCJIep';OBaTeJIeR 3TOR
npOOJleMLI OYAeT CTOIITI, YTuOqHeHIfe
xpOHOJIOrIfqeCJ{IfX COOTHOIIIeHIfH naMIIT-
HIfJ{OB npeAcKH!f>CJ{oro H paHHecKIf!f>-
cKoro BpeMeHll IIpIfqepHOMOpI,Il If ca-
J{O-CIfOIfpCJ{oro MIfpa, a TaJ{me npo-
AoJDKeHIfe H3)"1eHIfll JIOKaJIbHhlX rpynn
3BepIfHoro CTIfJIII: CJ{If!f>cKoro, caBpo-
MaTCKOro, aHaHI,HHCKoro, caKcKoro, CH-
6IfpCJ{oro, a TaKme BlJlICHeHIfe oOID;1Ix
1 C. 11. II H. J/. pyaen o. HCKYCCTBO CKIf-
<Po B AJITali. M.. 1969; H. JI. lJ.un08a.
fipoIfcxomAeHife If paHH1I1I IICTOpIfIi nJIe-
)leH TarapCKoH KYJIbTypbl. M.. 1967,
CTp. 110; M. 11. Apra.MOn08. CKIf<P0-CIf-
6IfpcKoe IICKYCCTBO 3BepIfHoro CTIfJIH.
fiCA. M., 1971, CTp. 24.
, f. 11. PoCr08/fe8. 3JIJIIfHCTBO If lIpaHcTBo
'ua lOre POCCifif. fir., 1918; on :J/Ce. CKIf<pIfIi
II Bocnop. J1., 1925; M. Rostoutze!f. lra-
niens and Greeks in South of RUSSIa. Lon-
don, 1922; M. Rostoutzeff. The. Ani al
Style in South Russia and Chma. Pnn-
ceton - New-York. 1929.
3 M. Rostoutzeff. The Animal Style...,
CTp. 21-22.
. TaM me, CTp. 20.
5 M. 11. POCr08/fe8. 3J1JI1IHCTBO If IIpaIICTBO...,
CTp.7.
6 TaM me. CTp. 43-45.
1 M. Rostoutzeff. lraniens and Greeks....
CTp. 193, 197.
s M. 11. PoCr08/fe8. CKIf<pIfIi II Bocnop,
CTp. 307-308.
9 M. Rostoutzeff. The Animal Style...,
CTp. 64.
10 TaM me, CTp. 64.
1 I TaM me, CTp. 65.
" M. H. Pocroe/ve. CWI<p"H II Bocnop,
CTp. 337.
13 .W. Rostoutzeff. The Animal Style...,
CTp. 66-67.
14 Ta)1 ;«P, CTp. 23.
15 G. Borouka. Scythian Art London, 1929.
16 TaM me, CTp. 42.
17 K. <P. C.MUpn08. CaBpO)laTbI. M..:, 1964,
Tp. 216; B. A. l1"bu11c aR. 00pa3 KO-
maqberO XJI HlIl{a B paUHeCJ;II<pcJ{O'ol JlC-
J{yccTBe. CA, 1971, N! 2, CTp. 54.
18 G. Borouka. YKa3. COq., CTp. 33, 37.
19 Ta)1 me, CTp. 68.
20-2\ TaM me, CTp. 66.
" TaM me, CTp. 5.
IfCXOAHIJX OCHOB If MeCTHhlX ocooeHHO-
cTeft; IfCCJleAOBaHue HKoHorpa!f>IfIf pa3-
JlII'IHLlX BapIfaHToB 3BepIfHIJX oopa30B,
BIJHCHeHIfe OCHOBHhlX cTyneHeR pa3BH-
TIIH IfCl;yccTBa BayTpIf oT,a;eJIbHhI
rpYllII, ollpe,iJ;eJlemlC HanpaBJIeHIfH
B3aIfMocBH3eii II J{yJII,TYPHIJX 3aHMCT-
BOBaHIfrr BHellIHIfX If BHYTpeHHIfx npIf-
'1IfH, oOYC.1JOBIfBIIIIfX cBoeoopa3Ife nYTeR
pa3BIfTIfH, a TaJ{me oO Ife 3aKoHoMep-
HOCTIf 3TIfX IIpoD;eccoB B n;eJIOM.
23 E. H. Minns. Scythians and Greeks. Cam-
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26 C. B. Kuce..e8. ApeBHlI1I IfCTOpIfIi IOmHOil
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n If H. aaU112. Pe3IIali CKYJIbnTypa YpaJIa.
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28 TaM mC, CTp. 86.
29 Ta)1 me.
30 M. 11. Apra.\I0n08. YKa3. CO'l., CTp. 27;
H. JI. lJ..e11oea. K Bonpocy 0 nepBIf'lHblX
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32 if. 1/' flo2pe60ea. K Bonpocy 0 CKIf<PCKO {
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M..I%O.
'" G. B. <1)l1p."(/ oec uii. 'YKa3. COq., CTp. 37.:
33 E. II. /"pa "08. ApeBIIOCTif H6JIOHOBCKOif
I;yprall\loii rpynilbI If3 c06paUIfH A. H. -
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" E r; 17110Tpoec uii. BaucKoe apcTBo. M.,
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" II. II TpRJ11oe. fiepBbIH fia3bIpblKcKIfH
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27
pa HaCeJIeHI!H ropHoro AJiTall B CI\!!<PCKO e
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HaCeJIeHI!H l(eHTpaJIbHOrO AJiTaH B CRUIp-
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3' C. H. u H. M. PyiJen"o. HCRYCCTBO CRI!-
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37 M. II. rpR.3noll. IJaMHTHI!RII MaH3MI!pCRo-
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38 P. Rau. Die Graber del' friihen Eisenzeit
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" C. B. Ruce.A.eIl. l(peBHHH I!CTOpl!H IOlliHoH
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.. C. B. Ruce.A.eII. Y"a3. COq., CTp. 250.
OJ M. H. Ma"cuMolla. Cepe6pHHoe 3epKaJIO H3
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.. H. H. IIoepe60lla. fpl!<pOH B I!CKyccTBe
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.8 H. JI. TJ.A.enOlla. CKI!<pCKI!H OJIeHb, CTp. 167.
" B. A. H.A.bUnC"aR.. HeKOTopble MOTI!BbI
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CA, 1971, .N! 2, CTp. 64.
.. A. H. m"yp"o. 06 1!306pallieHI!H cBepHYB-
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51 B. r. IIerpen"o. IJpaB06epellihe CpeAHero
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5. B. A. mpaM"o. K Bonpocy 0 3HaqeHI!H
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53 6. B. TJ epnen"o. Cl<iif>CbKi KypraHu V CT.
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57 M. R. KaiJwp6aell. IJa IHTHI!KU
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58 C. C. TJ epnu"OIl. 3ara;1fia 3oJIOTOrO KYP-
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59 C. II. TOA.croll, .If. H. ffruna. CaKU HI!-
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8! If. II. rpR.3nOIl, M. X. Mannau-oo.c. Pac-
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82 rtJ. X. ApcA.anoea. HOBbie MaTepl!aJIbi
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66 R. Ghirshman. Iran.., CTp. 113-116.
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68 R. rtJ. C;\tupHoe. CaBpOMaTJ.I, CTP. 242.
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70 M. H. ApraMolioe. K Bonpocy 0 npol!c-
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KYJIhTyphl
AAMa-ATa.
28
lui George Oprescu.. Bucuresti, 1961,
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71 H. JI. TJ .A.enolla. IJPOJICXOlliAeHlIe 11 pallHHH
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72 M. H. ApraMonoll. IJpolICXOm:lelllle CI<ll<p-
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73 TaM llie, CTp. .
" M. H. Apra.MOnoll. Cfin<p0-cu6I1pcl<oe I1C-
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75, H. JI. TJ .A.enolla. IJpol!cXOlliAeHlIe II paH-
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18 M. H. Ma"cUMolla. Cepe6pHHOP 3epfiaJIO
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77 M. H. Apra.Monoll. IJponcxoaqeHue c,m<p-
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78 A. A. Heccen. HeKoTopJ.Ie naMHTHllfili
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82 M. H. ApraMonoll. IJpollcxoaqelllle CI,mI'-
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83 H. B. AntfiuMoll. CJIO:ReHl!e MCOTChOii Ry.lb-
Typbl I! CBH311 ee co CTenlIbnlll ,"'.lhTypa-
MI! CeBepl!OrO IJpUqepHO lOpbH. flCA,
(,Tp. 175, puc. 4, 3.
'I J1I06e3Hoe co061I\eIIue <D. X. .\pc.lalloHoii.
8' l(IJ, Ill, CTp. 6, IJPII.10m.
86 P. A6paMUlUIlU.A.U. R Bonpocy. 0 AaTupon-
Ke naMHT.IlI!KOB anoXH n03AHeH 6pOH3J.I H
mnpoKoro OCBOeHI!H llieJIe3a, 06Hap}'llieH-
llbIX Ha CaMTaBpCKOM )lOrUJIbHufie. BeCT-
HUfi foc. MY3eH fpY3HU, T. XIXa - XXI B.
T6I!JIUCH, (957. .
87 IJorpe6eHHe AaTupyeTcH HaXOAKOI! pO-
;'\OCClW-MI!JIeTcfioro cocYAa He n03AHee ce-
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P0;10CCKO-UoHuRcKaH OHHOXOH U3 Kyprana
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88 B. B. BunoepaiJoll. l(e.IlTpaJIbHJ.IH H CeBe-
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ff.A.bunc"aR.. RYJIbTOBJ.Ie llie3JIJ.I CKU<pCROro
u npeACKI!<pcKoro BpeMeHI!. «HoBoe B co-
ReTcKoH apxeOJIOrI!H.. M., 1965, CTp. 205.
89 M. II. rpR.3noll. CeBepHblB. Ra3aXCT8.H B
3noxy paHI!HX KOqeBI!I!KOB. KCHHMR,
BJ.In. 61. M., 1959, CTp. 14, pl!c. 4, 6.
90 C. H. PyiJen"o. HCKYCCTBO CfiU<P0B AJI-
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91 B. A. H.A.bUnC"aR.. 06pa3 KomaqberO XU -
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C II. TO.A.CrOIl, M. H. Hruna. CaKH HI!-
3 BbeB Cblp-l(apbl!, CTp. 160, puc. 'I, 9.
92 B. H. IIo.A.rOpalf"aR.. Morl!JIbl!l!K Bepe30B-
Ka 1. ACf3, BJ.In. 3. JI., 1961, CTp. 82,
pllC. 55, 1, 2.
93 C. C. TJepnu"oll. 3araAKa 30JIOTOro Kypra-
Ha, CTp. 60, 'pl!c. 9, 3; B. A. !1.A..A.tncr"a.
IJpo 6pOH30BI HaKOHeqHI!KI! CTplJI TaK 3Ba-
Horo llia60TI!HcbKoro i HOBOqepKaCbKoro
TliniB. «ApxeoJIoriH., BJ.In. 12. RI!IB, 1973,
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.1 B. A. JIurlluHc"uU. IJaMuTHufiU 3nOX.Il
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J(ymaH6e, 1962, CTp. 342, Ta6JI. 45, 14.
9; B. H. BUiJ3U.A.R., 9. B. n"Ollen"o. KI!MMe-
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CA, 1974, oN! 1, CTp. 142, pl!c. 5, 1, .9.
96 B. M. lJanu.A.en"o, M. M. m.Maz.A.f.u, IJpo
OAI!I! nOBopTHUII MOMeH B lCT?Pll eHeO-
JIiTUqHOrO HaCeJIeHHH IJIBAeHHOl EBponll.
«ApxeoJIoriH., Bun. 6. RIIIB, 1972, CTp. 4,
pnc. 1; H. JI. TJ A.8nOlla. K Bonpocy 0 nep-
BnqHJ.IX MaTepIlaJIax..., CTp. 212, pRC. 2,
8-10.
B. B. BJI3K
R BOllPOCY OB MCTOKAX
CIGI<DO-CAPMATCROrO 3BEPMHOrO CTMJUI
B CIIeD;HaJIbHOH JlHTepaType MHOro-
RpaTHO IIpOCJIemeHbI TeCHble CBII3H
CKH«pO-CapMaTCKHX KYJIbTYPbl II HCRYC-
C'fBa C llCKyCCTBOM: ,ZJ;peBHero BOCTO-
Ra '. I1pll 9TOM OTTeHeHbI RaK CBII3H
1pa D;IlOHHble, OCHOBaHHble Ha XapaR-
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lIeHHOCTll «POpM 2, TaR H Herrocpep;CT-
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CKH«po-capMaTcKoro H p;peBHeBOCTO'lHO-
ro HCRYcCTBa 3. BblCKa3aHO p;ame IIpep;-
IIOJIOmeHHe 0 cyrn;ecTBoBaHHH «OIIpep;e-
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HH3MeHHblX pallOHax 3aIIaJQIoro 3aRaB-
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Ka3a (I1pIIRy6aHbll) OTMeqaeTCII CJIlllI-
Hlle KYJIbTYP MecTHoR, Tpap;IID;HoHHOH,
H IIpllmJIOR - ROqeBHlIROB-capMaT '.
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oc06eHHO IIHTeHcIIBHblM cTaHOBIITCH
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30
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Op;HaKo CJIep;ycT IIarrOMHIITb, qTO
3TH qCPTbI B TaKoii: me Mepe rrpucym;H
II HCKYCCTBY xeTTO-XYPPllTOB, ypapToB,
aCCHpllRo;CB. .D;ocTaTOqHO naJBaTb «J>an-
TaCTHqeCKUX oxpaHIITeJIeif p;Bopn;oBb6c
BXOP;OB ACCHpllH - KpbIJIaTbIX 6bIKOB
C qeJIOBCqCCKHMH rO.'10BaMII IX-
VIII BB. p;o H. 3."°, C«J>IlHKCOB IIJ xeTT-
I B. B. lluorp08clwil. Kap I1Ip-BJIrp. AJIb-
GOAl C conpoBOAuTeJIbliOH craneii. J1.,
1970, CTp. 13, 1;', 17, 18; r. A. Me.wx:uw-
8UJtu. KYJIxa (113 ApeBlIeii IIcroplIlI IOm-
Horo 3aKaBI{a3bH). "ApeBHIIU IIlp». M.,
1962, CTp. 325; If. X. K y w Ita PI" 6(1. OG}ICH
II TOprOBJIIi 3aJ<alma;II,H B ilpl'BHocrH.
«KpaTIme Te3UCI,I AOKJIa;10B I{ CInIU03I1Y-
MY TeOpeTlI'Iec.I\Oro ceMIIllapa II eel,ropa
CpeAHeii A3II11 II KaBKa3a J10JIA AH
CCCP 22-24 MapTa 1972 r. l,OG lell II TOp-
rOMH B ApeBIIIIX oGII/pcrBax»». a., 1972,
CTp. 14-15.
'2 H. B. Hlfeltx:o. HCIiYC.CTBO CKII1>C!;IIX UJIe-
MCII CeBepnoro ITplI'IepHOMopbR. 'II1CTO-
pHH UCI(YCCTBa lIapo.lOB CCCP», r. I. M.,
197 I, erp. 119. .
· B. H. Apax:eo'lJllt. lIchyccrBO ApenlIcii Ap-
MCIIII!!. (,HCrOpHH IICJ<;yccrHa lIapo.loB
CCCP», T. I, c.rp. 207: E. n. [,"pynH08.
10 JIeT paGoTl>! CeBPpo-KaHKa3clwii apxeo-
JIorUqeCI<OH 3!(ClIelllII(II II n 'I l"IC 110-11 IIry-
mcrIIH. (,Tl'3IIcbl J\OJ(.la;1oB lIa 3ac I '.taIIIIHX,
uocBIIII:/eHHbIx IIrora [ nO.ll'RbiX IIcc.le.10-
BaHuii 1967 r.» M.. 1968, erp. 38; B. B. BlI-
nozpao08. TaiiHb! MIIIIYBIDIIX Bpe !CH. M.,
1966, CTp. 39-44: B. H. .tfap""611/{ CKII<p-
cJ{IIe KypralIbI y ce.lf'IIIIR I'oiin.r ('le'le-
Ho-HHrymeTIIII). CA. 1<16;;. ,\"2 2, l'Tj'. 172-
173: JI. H. Mao'l08 !I If/;aJJ. Cap laTr""fI 3Be-
pHHblH CTIWb. A BrOpf'<p. l;alI;i. :lIICC. ;rI.,
1967. erp. 15-16.
CKoro 3eHp;mllpJIH (CaKqere3Y) llJIH
HapKeMuilla (pIIC. 6) Toro mc BpeMe-
Hll 3" HaKOIICo;, o;eJIbIii: KOMnJICKC Ha-
qaJIa I TbIC. AO H. 3. nop;o6HbIX OJIUo;CT-
BopeHuii: BbICllIHX CU.1J IIJ TCJIJIb-XaJIa-
«J>a 3", B 06mIKe KOTOpbIX HCnpllHym-
p;eHHeii:llIe COqeTaIOTcH qaCTU nTU-
o;bI, JIbBa, 6bIKa, CKopnHOHa U qeJIO-
BCKa.
He BbIcKa3bIBaH, TaKIIM o6pa30M, nu
MaJIcii:mero COMHCHHH B cy ecTBoBa-
HHH MHororpaHHbIx CTUJIHCTHqCCI<HX
CBH3eif H COOTBCTCTBHH Mcmp;y CKH«J>O-
capMaTcKHM HCKYCCTBOM U HCKYCCTBOM
I1paHa, XOTCJIOCb 6bI o6paTuTb BHllMa-
Hlle Ha HCCOMHeHHOCTb nop;o6Horo me
CTllJIllCTllqCCKOrO ep;IlHCTBa 3Toro llC-
KYCCTBa C 60JIbmllM KpyroM 11306pa311-
TeJIbHbIX naMIITHUKOB CCBcpo-3anap;a
IIcpcp;HcH A31111.
· H. H. fIozpe608a. meJIe3Hlile Tonopbl
CKH<pcKoro THlIa B 3aKaBKa3Le. CA, 1969,
M 2, CTp. 186.
· JI. H. MaJt08ulfx:aJl. YKas. CO'l., CTp. 17-
18.
· M. n. Apra.MOuo8. ITpoHcxomAeHHe CKH<p'
CKoro HCKYCCTBa. CA, 1968, M 4, CTp. 30;
B. K. A!lianaCbe8a, E. B. Beil.MaJtb. KYJIb-
Typa H IICKYCCTBO ITepeAHeii ASHH B ApeB-
HOCTH. ITYTeBoAHTeJIb no IIOCTOIIHHOii BbI-
CTaBKe OTAeJIa BocToKa focYAapcTBeHHoro
opMHTama. J1., 1971, CTp. 9-10.
1 M. H. Apra.MOn08. YKas. CO'l., CTp. 27-
28; B. B. fIuorp08cx:uil. KapMHp-BJIYP. I.
EpeBaH., 1950, CTp. 95-96; on XI". Kap-
MHp-BJIYP. II. EpeBaH, 1952, CTp. 37; R. D.
Barnett. The Treasure of Ziwiye. Iraq,
v. XVIII, 2, p. 111; R. Ghirshman. IralI.
Protoiranier, Meder, Achiimeniden. Mi.in-
chen, 1964, S. 4, 58-59, 98-102, 301, 306.
5 n. B. Hlfel!X:o. YKas. CO'l., pHC. 142, 144-
149; M. n. Apra.MOn08. YKas. COq., CTp. 27;
On XI". COKpOBHII:/a CKH<pCKHX KypraHoB
B c06paHHII focYAapcTBeHHoro 3pMIHama.
IJpara - J1., 1966, pHC. 3-4, Ta6JI. 1-3,
6-:115. 17.
9 IIF. H. A.1tUpanaW8uJtu. HCTOpHH rpY3IIH-
CKoro IICJ{\TCCTBa. T6HJIHCII, 1950, Ta6JI. 15:
A. A. Mnalfax:anJin. CJIeAbl IIOKJIOHelIlIR
COJIH y (cOJIHe'lHOro KYJIbTa) B IIpeBIIPll
ApMeHHII IIO MaTepllaJIaM 3IIOXH 6pOH3bI.
Tv. fHMa, T. I, 1948, pilC. 1; A. A. Map-
38
rupOCRn. ApMeHlI1I B 3noxy 6pOHSIiI Ii
IIHCro meJIe3a. EpeBilH, 1964, pH.C. 55,
pa < 7 1 2 85' B. B. l/>ap.Max:06cx:uU. Ap-
9 .1, '" P MAP No 34
'aIl'lPcJ(IIii neplioA B OCCHH. , . - .
. , 1914 P HC 14' A A. H 6a n08CX:UU. ITo
Ilr., , . ,. V I M 1911
3al<aBJ{a3blO. MAK, Bbill. ..., ,
Ta6JI. 1. . 1 h t d a lt
,0 G R. Meyer. Durch vIer a I' au en e -
\" rderasiatischer Kultur. Berlin, 1962,
'b 16. B
tI O. Weber. Die Kunst del' Hethiter. er-
\in, s. a., Abb. 4 . . If M
,2 G R. M eyer. Ka3. CO'l., pilC. 3, . .
J. .q"OH06. ITpeAbicTopHIi ApMIIHCI{OrO Ha-
ropbR. EpeBaH, 1968, pilC. 38. 14
t3 fl. M. bJlx:on08. YKas. O'l., pHC. 3,.. .
,. G. R. Meyer. Altorientahsche Denkma er
'n Yorderasiatischen Museum zu Berhg'
lei zig 1965, KapTa Ha CTp. 2 II 3 0 -
'0){ J{I1;' 9. IJ,epen. BH6JIeiicKHe XOJIMbi.
"1 1866 KapTa Ha CTp. 227.
,. E" 5 lluorp06cx:uil. BaHcJ{oe apcTBo
.' 1969 25 " B A HJtb-
(Ypaprv). M., ,CTp.;)...
lIHC"aJl: 06pas Koma'iberO XIIII:/HHKa B
paIlIlecKH<pcKOM HCKyccTBe. CA, 19!
oM 2, CTp. 69, 70, 76, 78, 81; C. C. 'lep
IW8. 3araAKa 30JIOTOrO KypraHa. M., 1965,
erp. 130. 151 153
15 fl. B. Hlfenx:o. YKas. CO'l., pHC. , ,
164, 165. . " b ' 1951
t1 H. Th. Bossert. Altsyrwn. Tu lllgen, ,
Taf. 450. . L .
18 .1 Champdor. Kunst MesopotaIDwns. e!.-
. . 1964 Abb 125' Boilrex Ba.Map08cx:uU.
r;. 'K;I!,1 x rroB.' M.,' 1968; pilC. IIa pHC. 59
Ii 237; C. W. Ceram. A Hettitak Rl'glonye.
Budapest, 1964, Tab. XXXI.
19 H. If. ToJtcroil u H. H. KOHoax:06. . ryc-
CIUle ApeBHocTH B IIa IIITHIIKax IIn,yecT-
Ba Bbln. 2. J,(peBHocTH CKH<po-capMarcKllc.
CIT6., 1889, pilC. 102; M. F. OppenheIm.
Del' Tell Halaf. Leipzig, 1931, TaL 26a,
27b, 28 a, b. J,
20 M. H. Apra.MOn08. COKpOBIIII:/a CKIHl'CJ{;'X
KypraHoB B c06paHHil 3pMlIraiKa, raOJI.
22-24 62-64.
2' C. W. 'Ceram. YKa3. COq., raii:!. XI.
" O. Weber. YKa3. CO'l., pHC. O. . ..
23 G. R. Meyer. Tell Halaf.. ElllP RUinenstat:
te in Nordsyrien. BerlIn, 1958, Abb. 9,
M. F. Oppenheim. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI.
25 a, b. , s
2< «L'art Armi'mien de 1'0urartou a no
jours. Musee dps arts decoratifs. Octobre
1970 - janvier 1971». (Kara.lor BbiCTaB-
1m). Paris, 1970, fig. 72.
.. TaM me, pHC. 27, a, 6; 35a,; 40:, 8 , c. e.
.5 E. Pora a. Iran ncien. L art. a I ep u;
preislamlque. ParIs, 1963, fig. 54 5,
p. 76, 78. 207 210
27 G Ghirshman. YKa3. COq., pue. , -
212 216-220, 224-228.
28 E 'Porada. 'I{a;j. CO'I., CTf'. 41. 101.
29 R: Ghirshman. YKa3. CO'l.. pue. 28, 29..
30 E Strommenger. Art of Mesopotamia.
L ndon, 1964, p. 198. 199, 220, 221.
3t O. Weber. YKa3. COq., pm'. It6, 14
32 M. F. Oppenheim. Y"a3. 1'0'1;, TaOJI. 8b
10a b' 31a b' 32b' 33h: :'\;;a; 37a, 41a, b,
42a; 47a; 64.' ,
A. M. Xa3aHOB, A. 11. IIIKypKO
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CKH CROfO MCRYCCTBA
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JIll MOJRHO cOMHeBaTbCR:, qTO ocpopMJIe-
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48
HHOM CTHJIe, pa<pHHHpOBalIHOlI, rrOL\-
ac Aame BLIqYPHOM" OTJIHqaBIlleMCR:
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B IV - III BB. Ao H. a., O'leBHAHO,
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qTO y CKH<pOB K IV B. AO H. a. AaJIeIW
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AOT, rrO-BHAHMOMY, 3aCBHAeTeJIbCTBO-
Ba,'!, qTO yme B V B. H. 3. rrpOHCXOp;BJIO
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KOTOpbIB: rrYCTb C HaTR:mKaMH II 01IIH6-
1\a III, Bce me MomHO 6bIJIO corrC>eTaImTb
C rpe'IeCKIlM.
1l0Ka3aTeJIbHo TaKme HaJIH'IHe oco-
601'0 60ra y rrOJIIlTllqeCKIl rocrroACTBYID-
II(IlX n;apCKHX cKH<I>OB.
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AJIR: IV B. AO H. a., KOCBeHHO TaKme
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.rIR:, OTpamaBIllHe B033pellHJI YXOAH-
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JIll ;r:JIR: CKH<I>CKOH apllCTOKpaTHH yme
BqepaIllHHM AHeM. OAHaKO MarI!-
'IeCKaR: CTopOHa 3BepllHoro CTHJIH, Be-
pOHTHO, COXpalIR:.rraCb 11M ;:1;0 caMoro
KOHn;a.
If Bce me rrOCJIeAOBaBmee B II I B.
;(0 H. 3. 6bICTpoe II IIOJIHOe Ilcqe:\-
1I0BeHIle 3BepllHoro CTIlJIR: KameTCH
Tpy.1H006"LR:CHIIMbIM KaK C 'IIICTO uXYL\O-
meCTBelIHOH, Tan II C COn;lla.1bHorr CTO-
pOlIbI, rrOTOMY qTO II B TOM, 11 B :Ipyro I
C.1\,qae lIe lIa6J1IOL\aeTCH KapAHna.1bHbIX
Ha IeHeHIlH rro cpaBHeHIlID C rrpeAIlleCT-
49
BYlOll\lIM BpCt.WneM. B03MOmHO, o6'bflc-
BCBHe Ha O IICKaTb B lIOJIHTHqeCKIIX lIO-
TpnCeHlIHX, ROTOpbIe B 3TO BpeMfI IICIIbI-
TbIBana CRUcpllH II KOTOpbIe, BepOHTHO,
IIpepBaJIlI !:HOrIIC Tpa Hn.HU B pa3BIITII1I
I Z. Barbu. Problems of Historical Psycho-
logy. ?\ew-York, 1960; A. H. rype8U'l. llH-
AIIBIIA B 06 ecTBo B BapBapcKllx rocy-
AapcTBax. rIHAO, KB. 1. M., 1968.
· A. Godard. Le tresor de Ziwije (Kurdis-
tan). Haarlem, 1950, tabl. 48; R. H. Dy-
son. Iran 1956. «University Museum Bul-
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3 M. H. ApraMOIt08. COl,pOBIIU\a CKII<pCI(HX
KypranOB. npara - J1., 1966, pilC. 2, 8;
TaOJI. 1-3,6-19, 29-33.
.. M. Rostoatzeff. The Animal Style in South
Russia and China. Princeton, 1929, p. 67.
· A. H. .If e..tIOI>08a. Boi1cKO II BoeHHoe IIC-
KYCCTBO CKII<p0B. HCHHMK, XXXIV, 1950,
CTp. 31-32; B. A. H..tbUItCl>aR. CKII<pbI
ABenpoBcKoro JIeCOCTClllIoro J1eB06epemMI.
KlleB, 1968, CTp. 179.
'0 «OAK 3a 1870-1871 1'1'.», CTp. XX; I1AK,
Bbln. 63, 1917, CTp. 31; II. If /1u6epo8.
KypraH y c. KOHCTaHTIIBOBKa. KCI1HMI\,
Bbill. XXXVII, 1951, CTp. 141; B. H. KURUl-
1>0. PaCI\OnKlI KOHcTauTlllloBcKoro llOCeJIP-
Him. «AO 3a 1968 1'.» M., 1969, CTp. 106;
I1:AK, BbIn. 19, 1906, CTp. 84-85.
'.7 E. E. IIuOTpo8C/'i:1l11. BaHcKoe apcTBo
(YpapTY). M., 1959, p"C. 242; «ApxeoJIoria
YKpaiHcKoi PCP», T. II. KIIIB, 1971,
CTp. 96, pllC. 29; CTp. 79, pllC. 24, 8, 9;
E. H. rpaIt08. CKII<pbI. M., 1971, CTp. 159;
r. T. lC08naltelt/'i:o. TIJIeMeHa cKi<pcbcKoro
qacy na BopcKJii. KIIIB, 1967, CTp. 55,
pllC. 21, 22. 23.
'8 A. M. Xaaalt08. CKII<pCIma ;.TlIorOIlIl'lCCI(aH
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Ba I\oH<pepeH ia iHCTIITYTy apxeoJIorii.
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,8 A. H. rype8U'l HaqaJIo 3noxII BlfKHBrOB
(npoo.'1eMbi AYXOBBOH ma3HII CKaIIAIIHa-
BOB B IX BeKe. <DaKTbI H rHllOTe3b1).
«CKaIli\II1faBCKHII COOPHIII\'), BbIll. Xlr. Ta.'1-
JIIIII, 1967.
"1.0 M. H. ApTaMolw8. COKpomm a C-KlI<pCI\IIX
I(ypraHoB, pRC. 5, TaOJI. 74; B. r. [JeTpeH.-
Ito. D paBooepcmbe CpeAHero DpuiJ:IIe-
npOBbH B V-III BB. AO H. 3. CAH, AI-4.
M., 1967, nOJI. 31, 4.
-11 BapxpaH-HmT, 19-20. rIepeBoA E. 3. Bep-
TeJIbCa C i\onOJIlIeHllaMII H. C. BparllHcRo-
ee JICKycCTna. llrrpOqeM, He nCKJIlOqCUO,
qTO n rr03,l1UeCKHcpCKOM n.apCTBe n
KpbIMY II con.uaJIbHOe pa3BHTHe mJIO
yme B pyroM HarrpaBJIeHHH 33.
roo CM.: If. C. EpaeUHCItUu. l1:a IICTOpll1l
Ta):{mlII\CIWii II nepcHAcKOH JIIITepaTYp. M.,
1972, CTp. 78.
12 B. r. /1Y"OItUH. HCKYCCTBO ApeBHero Hpa-
Ha (OCHOBHble ,nanbl). «HCTOpllll IIpaH-
CIWro rOCY;1apCTBa II KYJIbTypbI . M., 1971,
CT]L 107.
t3 C. A. TOliape6. rIp06JIeMbI ooU\ecTBeHHoro
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H C. C. gepHlIl>o6. 3araAI<a 30JIOTOrO Kypra-
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IW611. f1polIcxo;KAeulle 11 palll1aa IICTopila
ll, l' ICIl TarapCl<oD: I<YJIbTYPbI. M., 1967,
CTp. 129.
" B. 11. A 6ae6. OceTIIBCKHD: a3bIK II <pOJIb-
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'6 C. A. TOliape6. PaHBlle <pOpMbI pCJI\trll1l II
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!1 W. Brandenstein, M. Mayrhofer. Hand-
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16 K. Schefold. Del' Skythische Tierstil in
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19 C. A. TOl'iape8. CYII\HOCTb II npollcxomAe-
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20 B. H. rpaKoe. CKII«pbI, CTp. 86; M. H. Ap-
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2. E. A. Eepre..tbc. I1cToplla nepCII):{CKo-TaA-
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22 9...1. rpaItT06CI>UU. PalIBaa IIcToplla
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23 E. .1 /11tT611ltCI>UU. KaHrJOHCKo-capMaT-
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.. q'IIrBena. H30paHHbIe rllMBbi. nepeBolI,
I\\I'HTapI!H II BCTynnTe;IbHaH CTaTba
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25 B. ..1 l.u.iH.cbl>a. npo cKi<pcbKH BaBepm-
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olia YCe. Ky. bToBbie me3JIbI CKH<pCKoro II
np(':!nm<pcRoro BpeMeBII. «HoBoe B co-
50
Bl'TCKOH apXeOJIOrHIu. M., 1\165, CTp. 200;
oHa xe. 30JIOTi opuKpaclI CI,i(l)cbI,oro ap-
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26 E. H. rpal>08. CKi<pB. I{IIiB, 1947, cry. 57.
27 If. H. ApTa..Wlt08. COl,poBn a cKlllpcImx
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26 A. [1. Maltlj.e8U'l. AepeBHllHbIe cocYllbi
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29 A. [1. Maltlj.e8U'l. AepeBHIlHbIe COCY;1bI,
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30 M. H. ApTaMOlt06. C<)KpoB" a CKI\<pCKHX
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31 ArI, T. II. KneB, 1899, TaOJi. XXIII.
,. Ha CJiaBaIIClW \ MaTepnaJle 3TO aBJleHHe
ObIJIO UJiCCTaU\c HCCJICAOBaHO B. B. HBaHO-
BbIM II B. H. TOOOPOBbI!1 (B. B. l/6a1t08 II
B. H. Tonop06. CJIaBaBCKlle a3J,JKOBbIe
!lOAeJIHpYIO He ceMIIOTllqeCKlIe cnCTeMbI.
M.,1965).
33 A. M. Xaaalt08. 0 xapaKTepe pa60BJlaAe-
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E. E. RY3bMHHa
CHM CHOE MCHYCCTBO
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BaTeJIbHO Ha pa3HbIx ypOBHflX, BbIHB-
JIflH rrepBOHaqaJIbHO 06III;eqeJIOBeqeCKHe
rrptJ,lICTaBJIeHIlH, KOTopbIe Hell36emHO
)J.O+HbI 6hIJIIl OTpa31lTbCfI II B CKIIcp-
CKOH cliCTeMe; 3aTeM BbI)J.eJIfifi 06III;e-
IlHp;OeBporreHCKHR IIJIaCT. B nOM Han-
paBJIeH1l1l 60JIbmaH pa60Ta yme rrpop;e-
JIaHa iK. AIOMe3IlJIeM, B. B. J1BaHo-
BbIM, B. H. TOIIOpOBhIM II )J.pyrnMII,
52
Bb!}\ £III BIIIIlMIi 06III;eIlHp;oeBporreRCKlle
101ll<pbI, KYJIbThI II CIlMBOJIhI.
A.TIn BblflCHeHllfi CrreD;llcpllKII CKllcp-
cKoii IIp;eOJIOrllqeCKOH CIlCTeMbI OqeHb
naa\Ho BhIp;eJIeHlle IlHp;OllpanCKoro
ypOBHH rrYTeM corrOCTaBJIeHIlH PIIrBe-
bI, ABeCThI, CBIlp;eTeJIbCTB rrllCbMeH-
HLIX nCTOqHIIKOB 0 peJIllrll1l II IIp;eoJIo-
rHIl CKllcpOB II nepCOB, peKOHCTPYRD;Ilii:
na OCHOBe 60JIee rr03)J;llIlX p;aHHhIX 3rro-
ca II H3hIKa, KaK 3TO yme rrpOp;eJIaHO
110 oceTIIHCKIiM MaTepllaJIaM II qaCTHq-
HO - ITO caKCKIlM. HaM KameTcfI, qTO
TO.TIbJ>O rrpll TaKOM KOMrrJIeKCHOM rrop;-
xO;Ie pa60Ta OKameTCH rrepcrreKTIlB-
HOH, a rrpep;JIOmeHHhIe peKoHcTpYKD;1l1l
p;OCTaTOqHO y6ep;BTeJIbHbIMIl.
HecoMHeHHo, qTO MeXaHllqeCKIl rrpll-
BJIel\aTb P;JIfi IlHTeprrpeTaD;1l1l CKHcpCKIlX
IaTPplIaJIOB CIOmeTbI IlJIIl MllcpOJIOrn-
1IeCI>IIe rrepcoHamll, coxpaHeHHble B
PllrBe)J.e, ABecTe, HapToBcKIlX CKa3a-
HIlHX HJIIl BOCTOqHOllpaHcKoM CPOJIb-
Klope, cOBepmeHHo HerrpaBOMOqHO.
B pa3.lllqHhIX 06JIaCTHX IlHp;OllpaHCKO-
TO lIIpa cYP;b6a Kamp;oro KOHKpeTHoro
CJOllieTa II 06pa3a pa3BIlBaJIaCb rro-
cBoe IY. Op;HaKO IlCrrOJIb30BaTb MaTe-
plIa.l PB:rBep;hI II ABecThI P;JIH pe-
l\OIICTPYKD;1l1I CIlCTeMhI MhImJIeHHfI II
Kpac To.1JbHhIX rroHflTIiR CKllcpCKOR
l;oc !OrOHHIl II MllcpOJIOrHII BnOJIHe
3aJ>oIloMepHo. lICCJIep;OBaTeJIHMIl p;aBHo
YCTaHOBJIeHO, qTO He TOJIbKO BamHeii:-
IUIiP TlOHflTllfi II 'CIOmeThI, IlMeHa 60rOB
II repoeB, HO II MHO rile 06pHP;OBhIe
Jl,eiicTBIiH, rr03TIlqeCKIIe 06pa3hI II
pIlT 'a.lbHble CPOPMYJIbI O)J.JIHaKOBO xa-
paliTE'pHbI II P;JIfi ABeCTbI II P;JIH Pllr-
BP:tbl. B 3TOM rrpOHBJIfieTCH 06III;ee
HaLle .lne 3. CJIep;OBaTeJIbHO, 3Ta CIlCTe-
Ma [bImJIeHllfi 6hIJIa rrpllcyrn;a BceM
IIIUOrrpaHCKIlM Hapop;aM, II CKHcpbI
:lO:lit;]!bI 6bmll coxpaHHTb ee. TaKoe
II pe .1rrOJIOmeHlle 1I0p;TBepmp;aeTCfI rrpll
arra.llI3e oceTIlHcKoro 3rroca. RaK
YCTiTHOBJIeHO IlCCJIep;OBaTeJIfiMIl, B Hap-
TOBCI,TIX CKa3aHIIHX OTpameHbI ap-
XallqHhIe 06III;ellpaHCKlle IIOHflTIIfI II
rrpep;CTaBJIeHIlH, KOTophIe COXpaHIIJIUCb
y oceTIlH KaK HaCJIep;Ue IIp;eOJIOrllll
eBpa31lHCKHX CTerrHbIX IWqeBHIIKOB
I ThIC. p;o H. 3.'. Bce 3TO CJIymlIT
OCHOBaHlleM rrpOBO)J.IlTb COBMeCTHoe
IlCCJIep;OBaHlle TaKIlX IlCT01lHIIKOB, KaK
PllrBe,lla, ABeCTa, HapTOBCKlle CKa3a-
HIlH II BOCTOqHOllpaHCKllll cpOJIbKJIOp C
D;eJIbIO Bblp;eJIIlTb B HIIX TOT p;peBHeii:-
lllllR Kpyr BepOBaHIiR II npep;CTaBJIe-
HIlR, KOTOphIH 6hI.TJ. ITPIICYIII; BceM
IlHp;OllpaHD;aM B 3noxy I1X KOHTaKTOB II
JIer B OCHOBY cpOpMHpOBaHIiH MllpO-
B033peHIlH OTp;eJIbHhIX IIHp;OllpaHCKIIX
Hapop;OB, B TOM qllCJIe II CKllcpOB.
B CBeTe IlHp;OllpaHc.J>IIX p;aHHbIX OT-
PhIBOqHbIe CBep;eHllfi 0 ;:tYXOBHOR KYJIb-
Type CKHcpOB, coxpaHellHbIe B rrHCb-
MeHHbIX IlCTOqHIIKaX, rrOMaIOTCH
p;OCTaTOqHO Hap;elliHO![ IIHTeprrpeTa-
D;1l1l II rr03BOJIHIOT pehOHCTpYHpOBaTb
B 06III;IlX qepTaX MbIlll.'ICHlIe CKllcpOB II
HX MllcpOJIOrllqeCKYIO II KOCMorOHII-
qeCKYIO CIiCTeMY.
PO.llb Mazuu. PllrBE':13 II ABeCTa 5
OTpamaIOT He CTporo J>iT TlOHIl3I1pOBan-
HYIO peJIllrllIO, a MH<pOJIornqeCKYIO
CIlCTeMY B MOMeHT ee CTaHOBJIeHIlH.
Bo MHorOM 3TO eIII;e (,Kopee Marn-
qeCKafl, HemeJJII pe.1JIirn03Hafi CIlCTe-
Ma. MarllqeCKUe )J.ellCTBIiH II 06pflP;bI
IlrpaIOT orpOMHYIO pO.'Ih B mll3HIl 06-
III;eCTBa. C D;eJIbIO Bo:!;\ellCTBllfi Ha 60
meCTBa II YMepllllIX upe,lKOB COBep-
maIOTCfI mepTBorrpIIHOlllE'TlIIfI II rrpOIl'3-
HOCHTCH Marll1lerhne :!aKJIIiHaHllfl 6 .
lRepTBbI ITOCBHUJa [(,T H n.leHllfiM ITPIl-
POAbI. rrepcoHII<pIIITllpOBaHHbIM 60ra-
Mil; 06'beKTaMIl nOJ>.lonrnIIH HB.'IflIOTCH
TaKme HeKOTopble iRIIHOTHbIe - KOHlI
Aap;XIIKpa II TapKillhIl (PnrBep;a - p;a-
JIee PB. IV. 44; X. 171'1. CRflIII;eHHbIe
rrpep;MeTbl. rryqKII f);q,coMa, BhI3bI-
BaIOIII;lIH 31\CTa3 COJ> xaO fhI (COMhI) 7.
Te me qepTbI ITpllC 'IIJIT n\llcpCKOR pe-
JIIIrnll. [epOAOT (I '-. lill-62) co06-
III;aeT, 1ITO CKTIcpbl [fI'ITHOCHT lliepTBbI
53
BceM CeMH OOraM (jBOCrO IlaHTeOHa,
1I0XOpOHbI l\apR: TalOKe COilpOBOm-
aIOTCR: 60raTbIMH mepTBOIlpHHOlle-
ILlIHMH. B peJIHrlfH CI\H<p OB , Kal{ B
PyrHx HH OHpaHl\eB, OrpOMHOe 3Ha-
'IeHHe BMelOT IlpHBeAeHHe IIpOpHl\a Te-
:[eH B 3RCTaTH'IeCKoe COCTOR:HHe, CBR:-
eHHbIe IlPYTbR: 6apCoM «(6apec-
MaD» ), KOTOpbIMIl mpel\bI IIOJIb3yroT-
CR: IlPH raAaHHH (fepoAoT, IV, 67,71).
06'beKTaMH IlOKJIOHeHHH Y CKH<pOB 6bI-
JIB: TaKme CHMBOJIbI l\apCKOB: BJIa-
CTH - 30JIOTOe R:pMO, ceKHpa B 'lalla
(fepoAOT, IV, 5, 7).
CUM60,//,U3M MbllU,//,eH,UR. K 'DICJIY
OTJIH'IHTeJIbHbIX oc06eHHocTeii MB-
pOB033peHHR: IlHAoHpaHl\eB, 3a<pHK-
cnpoBaHHblX B MOMeHT c03AaHBR:
Pil, rBeAbI OTHOCIITCR:, IlO 3aKJIIO'IeHBIO
T. fl. EJIIl:li!JWHKOBOll, CHMBOJIH3M
MbIUlJIeHIlH 8.
To me eilpaBeAJIIlBO B OTHOlleHHU
ABeCTbI. R3bIK PHrBeAbI B ABecTbI 06-
pa:JCH H MPTa(jJOJJII'Icu. .1J:JIR: MHorllX
Co'!{)B xapaKTcpllbl CilMBOJIH3M II aM6H-
BaJIeHTHOCTh ( !II01'03Ha '1I10CTb). Ta K,
COMa - <JTO II l'arTPlllle II BblmllMae-
Mblii 1l:J Hero uaIIifTOK, 'H 6eCCMepTHe,
aBaeMoe :JT([\J HaUHTKOM. C Pyroii
CTOpOllbI, II II ABeCTe, II B PHrBe e
IlIIlI)()['O paCllpOCTpaHeHbI KCHHH-
rll -- IIIIocr;a:JanHH: (IBH R:Il H lIepBbIM
:lapK») - 3TO nCTyx. (ICo epma ee 1.10-
.1IlTBbl» - rO.'lOl1a". II lIecYlI(llii y6lIHy
rpOMa,) - Hll pa H TaK a,'Iee. YIIQ-
Tpe6JleHHe M IIOro'l l1ell uHbIX CHMBOJIOB
C,laeT IIO;1T1I4l'CKYIO pe'lb O'!ellh
c.'!omHoii If IlfJlIHTHoii JIUlib TeM, y
Koro CUMBO.l"! Bbl3bIBalOT COOTBCT-
CTBYKJII\IlC aCCO([ II alUfH. T aK, j:\OHHaR:
nOpOBa ,'\O.TJ;j{II;t aCCOl\llllpOBaTbCR: C
om eBoii TY'Ieii. KOJIeco - C COJIHl\eM,
ynpHmb - C iI{PI'TBorr 10. qacTo B poml
CHMBo.1a BbICT."'liJeT cpaBHeHrre. J1Hj:\-
pa TO CpaBHI1BaeTCH C 6bIKOM, TO Ha.,-
BaH 6bIKOM; AlIlB!lHbI TO cpaBHHBaIOT-
CR: C KOHR: m. 1 n OTomj:\eCTBJIR:IOTCR: C
IJ(!MIf. Y IIOTPt"-'.-lflIOTCH U <p0pMy.rlbl-
CJIOBOCO'IeTaHHR:, HaIlpHMep, KOHb-
CO:IHl\e. CHMBOJIH'IeCKOe 3Ha'leHHe
HMelOT H 3IlHTeTbI ABeCTbl H PHrBej:\bl.
3a 3IlnTeTOM «j:\paKoHoy6rrii:l\a» j:\JIR:
j:\peBHUX CKpbIBaJICR: BeCb MH<p 0 60Pb-
6e J1Hj:\PbI HJIB BepeTparHbI e j:\paKO-
HOM 3a oCB060mj:\eHHe BOj:\ II Bo06 e'
CHJI IIJIOj:\OpO)J;llH IlPHPO)];bI II. 3IlilTeT
CJIymHT CBepHYTbIM MH<pOM. TalmM
06pa30M, R:3bIK, IIOJIHblii CHMBO.TIOB, OT-
pamaeT cBoe06pa3HYlO <POPMY Mbllll-
JIeHHR:.
HeCOMHeHHO, '1TO MbIllJIeHHe CKH-
<p OB , TaK me KaK H j:\pyrBx HHj:\onpaH-
l\eB, 6bIJIO Tome He CTOJIbKo a6CTpaKT-
1I0-JIOrH'IeCKHM, CKOJIbKO 06pa3Hb1M, B
IWTOpOM Kaml];bIii 06pa3 Hec ceMaHTll-
'1eCKYIO HarpY3Ky. 06 3TOM O'leHb R:p-
Ko rOBopBT IIepej:\aHHbIH fepoj:\oTOM
(IV, 131-132) paCCKa3 0 j:\apax
CI\H<pCI\HX n;apeii, IIpHCJIaBllHX .1J:aplllO
IITHl\Y, Mblllb, JIR:ryIllKy H IIR:Tb CTpeJI
'ITO j:\OJImHO 6bIJIO 03Ha'laTb Ta KOH
OTBeT CKH<pOB: «ECJIH BbI, IlepCbI, [{al\
nTHl\bl, He YJIeTHTe B He60, nan MbIl!ln
Ile 3apoeTecb B 3eMJIIO, nJIn naK .TJH-
rYUII\iI, lIe IlOCKa'leTe B 60JIOTO, TO He
BepHeTeCb Ha3aj:\, IlopameUllble 3THMU
CTpeJIaMII».
CUH,KpeTU3M 06paa06 U nO'//'uce.ltall-
TU3M. B PHrBe,IJ;e 60rll MbIC,1R:TCH IIJII-f
a6CTpal{THO, UJIH aHTpoiloMOP<PHO, I1.TJII
300MOp<p HO . I1epemlITKH O'leHb npll-
MHTIIBilbIX IIpe,IJ;CTaBJleHllii 0 BOIIJIOII\C-
HUR:X 60mecTBa B mllBOTHoe eIl\c CIf:!b-
IIbI B C03HaHHH TBOPl\OB Purne;!!,!.
Tan, I1ymaH TpaHc<popMupyeTcH B
r;o:lJIa, MaTI, Ma PYTOB - B !\OpOBY.
:\paKOH BpHTpa - B l;a6aHa. HHor.13
OAHH nepCOHam BbICTynaeT B HeC[W.l (,_
KHX 06pa3ax: J1HApa IlpeACTaeT H 1<11-
Ae bIKa, 6apana, IWHH If KO.,.-"l":
AllBWHbl IlpeACTaBJIR:IOTCH TO 101111111;1-
lIf Ira nO.1eCHIlL\e. TO KOBH IIr. TO "1>_
.TaMII, BJIenYID;IiMH Ko.rleCHIIlI ' (I'll I.
118, 4, 5). Eor CO.'IHIIa C 'PbH II ,0< II
OrHR: ArHH BbIcTynalOT B oupa:w I,IIIIH
(PB, X;, 168). J1 B TO me BPC [H .11111-
54
ilWllbC CYPbH IlO Heuy cpaBIIHBaeTCH
-c nOJIeTOM opJIa (PB VU, 63, 5), COJIH-
v. e MHoroKpaTHo na3bIBaeTCR: u TO nTH-
i\eii, TO KOHeM, TO KOJIeCHHn;eB, TO KO-
;leCOM, TO rJIa30M MHTpbI-BapYHbI
(PB VI, 51, 1; IX, 71, 9; IX, 97, 33;
X 302; X, 55, 6).
'Tal\oii CHHKpCTII3M - xapaKTepneii:-
maR: 'lepTa MbIIllJIeHIlR: C03j:\aTeJIefl
PITrBe H R:IllTOB ABeCTbI. qTO Kaca-
eTCR: j:\peBHHX HpaHqeB, TO, no co06-
rneHHIO fepoAoTa (I, 131), nepCbI-axe-
leUH,IJ;bl He IIpe,IJ;CTaBJIR:IOT CBOHX 60roB
-qeJIOBeKOIlOA06HbIMH, !{aK 3TO j:\eJIalOT
JIJIIIHbI.
Bonpoc 05 06pa3e 60roB ABecTbI
(JCTaeTCR: CIlOpHbIM. B ABecTe eCTb Ae-
TaJIbHOe OIlHcaHlle TOJIbKO OAHOii 60-
rllHH - AHaxHTbI (ApABHCYP-R:illT, 30),
HO II OHO, BBAHMO, R:BJIR:eTCR: II03AHeii-
lieu IiHTepnOJIHn;neii. Bce j:\pyrBe 60rn
H repOH aBeCTHB:CKOrO naHTeoila HC
fiMelOT yCToHBllerOCR: KaHOHH'IeCKOrO
o6mma, IlO3TOMY CTOJIb HeYAa'lHbI Bce
nOlIbITKn CBR:3aTb B306pameHHR: ua
npOIi3BeAeHHHX IlpaHCKOro BCKYCCTBa
KOHKpeTHbIMH aBeCTHll::CKHMH IIepco-
HamaMH.
B RillTax OIlHcaHbI pa3Ho06pa3HbIe
nepeBOIlJIOID;eHlIR: 60rOB H repoeB,
QOJIbIllaR: '1aCTb KOTOpbIX 300MOp<pHa.
Hali p ilMep MllTpa MbICJIHTCR: TO IOHO-
, 13
weH, TO BcaAHHKOM, TO KOHeM .
B MIIXp-R:llTe (X) OH npeACTaBJIeH Ha
KOJIeCHHl\e C 6eJIbIMli KOHR:MH H 0AHHM
I;OJIeCOM - COJIHII,eM. BepeTparHa -
Gor rpoMa n nOOe,IJ;bI - HMeeT He-
CI;O.lbKO BOIIJlO eHIIH (aBaTapoB). 3TO
oeJIbIii KOHl" IlTlln;a (opeJI, COKOJI), Ka-
6aH, Bep6JIIOA, 6bIK, 6apaH, K03eJI,
Bca,IJ;HHK H BeTep (EexpaM-R:illT, 8).
J1HnapHal\Hll <papHa (YAa'lll, CJIa-
BbI) - KOHl" XHID;HaR: I1THl\a, Bep6JIIO,IJ;,
6apaH, pbI6a, BOITH (3aMbR:j:\-R:llT, 34-
38, 51, 68). feporr THillTpHR:, OTOm,IJ;e-
CTBJIR:eMbIii co 3Be3):\oii CHPHYC H no-
CbIJIalOID;Hii Ha 3eM.110 BOAb!, BbICTYIIa-
eT TO B 06pa3e IOHOllH, TO B 06pa3e
6eJIora IWHH, cpamalO Croc.H C l1:eMo-
HOM 3acyxll AlIaoIlla, IlpeACTaBJIR:e-
MOM B 06JIHKe '1epHOrO KOHR: (THllTp-
HIllT,14,9).
TaKIlM oopa30M, MbIillJIeHHe c03Aa-
Te.rleii R:WTOB ABeCTbI 61>WO IlpOHHK-
UYTO CIlMBO:II13MOM H IlepemHTKaMH
a pXaH'IHbIX 300JIaTpIT'IeCKIIX KYJIbTOB.
)J;.1R: ABeCTbl, KaK II AJIR: PllrBe,D;bI, xa-
paKTepHbI CIlHKpeTH3M H IIOJIHCeMaH-
TH3M 06pa30B, KorAa 0AHH H TOT me
ITepCOHam lIMeeT neCKOJIbKO TpaHcqJOp-
Mal\Hii II BMeCTC C TeM OJ:\HH 06pa3
CIiMBO.TJIl3IlpyeT HeCI\OJIblW 60roB II
repoeB. Ta[.;, 1,0111, - no MHTpa, CIlH-
BYill, BepCTparHa, BaiilO, <DapH, THIll'
TpHR:; Bep6.11OA - BaB:lO, BepeTparHa,
<DapH; CoKO.'1 H 6apan - BepeTparJIa
II <DapH.
Te cBej:\euIlH, KOTopbIe cOXpaHHJIHCb
o peJIllrHll CKH<pOB, MaJIO j:\alOT ,IJ;JUI
cymAeHHR: 0 TOM, KaK CKllcpbI IlpeACTaB-
JIR:JIH CBOlIX 60roB H repoeB. TOJIbnO
OTHOCIlTeJIhl!O Apeca fepoAoT (IV, 62)
rOBoplIT, 'ITO eMy IlOK,lOHR:JIIICb B BIl e
a [01HaHa. ;horo 60ra Il03me aJIaHbI no-
'1IlTaJlIl, IIO c.BHAeTeJIbCTBY AMMllaHa
Mapl\eJIHlIa (31, 2, 23), B Bll,IJ;e Me'la,
a OCCTllllbl -- me.1JC3Horo IlpYTa.
BOJ!ec IlO:wo6HO H306pallieHa POAO-
lIa'HI.1hllllL\a CI\H<pOB - IlOJIYAeBa, no-
:IY3MeR: (I'CPOAOT, IV, 9). 06pa3 ee
6JIll3nO pOACTBeH 06J1HKY MaTepB
HapTOBCKoro repOR: EaTpa,IJ;;Ja - BOAH-
Hoii AeBe. IlPll!{p1>lBalOlI(eiicH na Aeilb
I..omeii pe4 !loii '1epeIlaXH ". I1epemIlT-
i\1l :Joo.TaTplllf OT'ICT.'IHBO BbIcTynaroT
B OCCTIIIIC 1;o 1 <pO.1b!{.10pe. B HapTOB-
CKHX CKina IIlIR:X repOH '1aCTO Tpan-
C<P0JHIUPYIOTCH B mHBOTHbIX IfJIII IIpe -
MeTb! H HB.'!CHHH IlpHpOAbI. Bce 3TO
aeT THep:u,!e OCHOBaHHR: IlpeAIlo:!a-
raTh. 'ITO II :[.fH MbIIIIJIeHHR: CKH<pOB 61,1-
JlH XapaKTf'pllbl CHMBOJIH3M H 06pa3-
HOCTb If 1II'(':Ic.TaBJIeHHe 0 300MOP<PHhIX
lIepcBon.-I('lllI'IIHHX, l\aK 3TO 6bIJIO B
II)l.CO.l0 rill , IICPX ApyrHx BH,IJ;OHpaHCKHX
HapOAoB.
55
CY)J;fI rro IlaMflTHIlKaM 1l306pa31lTeJIb-
1101'0 IlCKYCCTBa, aHTpOrrOMOp<I>1l3aIl,llfl
oorOB II repoeB CKIl<I>HU HaqaJIaCb
TOJIbKO B IIOCJIeapXalI'leCKYIO 3rroxy II
;mlllb rroA BJIllflHlleM IlCKYCCTBa l1pa-
na II fpeIl,IlIl.
II ap/fua.llbnaR MaZUR. OT JIllqllTeJIb-
Hafl qepTa MIlpOB033peHIDl IlHAo:npaH-
CKIlX HapoAoB - rrepem:nTKIl rrapIl,llaJIb-
HOB Marl'lIl. l1 peACTaBJieHlle 0 TOM,
'1TO 'laCTb 3aMeHfleT II,eJIoe, HalllJIO
BblpameHlle B fl3blKe PllrBeAbl II ABec-
Tbl - B 6paXIlOJIOrHll, T. e. cOKpa eHIlIl
II03TlPleCKOB <I>0PMYJIbl, IlporrycKe rroA-
pa3YMeBaeMblx CJIOB; B yrroTpe6JIeHIlll
(<cBepHYTblx 3IlIlTeTOB», rrepeAalO llx
0AHIlM CJIOBOM cOAepmaHlle II,eJIoro MIl-
<I>a I", a TaKme B yrroA06JIeHIlll qaCTIl
IlpeAMeTa II,eJIOMY: HarrpllMep (PB VI,
39, 4; IX, 86, 45; MIlXP-fllllT, X) BMe-
CTO «KOJIeCHIlIl,a» rOBopllTCfI «KOJIeCO>t.
3Ta qepTa IIpllcYl..II,a II oceTIlHcKoMY
<I>O.'1bKJIOPY: BOJIllle6Hafi KOJIecHIlIl,a
HapTOB «caMOJIeTKa» Ha3blBaeTCfI «Ko-
JIeco Bapcara 16. Oc06eHHO flpKO rrpllH-
I\IIIIbl rrapIl,llaJIbHOH Marl'lIl BblpameHbl
B rrpaKTIlKe mepTBorrpllHOllleHIlR Bcex
JlHAOllpaHII,eB. TaK, Ilpll B03rommeHHll
a:ITapfl BapYHbl B mepTBY rrpllHOCIlJICfI
lUll KOHb, IlJIIl TOJIbKO KOHCKafl rOJIOBa,
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6pameHIle rOJIOBbl I'.
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III TblC. AO H. 3. II <I>IlKCIlPYIOTCfI H3.-
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XpaHIlJIaCb II B CKIl<I>CKYIO 3IlOXY, a B
6bITY oceTIlH AOiImJIa AO cOBpeMen-
HOCTII 19.
KY.llbT npe8/'W6. OrpOMHYIO pOJlb
B PllrBeAe If B ABeCTe IlrpaeT KYJIbT
npeAKOB.
l1epBbIR qeJIOBeK - OH me rrepBbIR
llapb IlpaHII,eB flllMa (HcHa, XXX, 3)
I1MeeT rrapaJIJIeJIb B PllrBe,IJ;e (X, 10)-
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CTaJIII II,apflMH 3arp06Horo II,apCTBa II
CJIymaT IlpOBoAHIlKaMll YMeplllllx Ha
BepxHee He60, Ha Be'lHbIe rracT61l a,
rAe 061lTalOT IlpeAKIl '0. B qeCTb YMep-
llIllX rrpeAKoB IlHAoHpaHII,bl cOBepllialOT
CJIOmHbIe pllTyaJIbI, IlbIlllHbIe rrOMHHKR
II mepTBoIlpllHollleHllfi.
B IlCTOqHIlKaX 0 peJIUrll1l CKIl<I>OB HeT
cBIlAeTeJIbCTB 0 KYJIbTe IIepBoro
'1eJIOBeKa. OAHaKo KyJIbT rrpeAKoB, II
B oc06eHHocTIl IIpeAKoB II,apeR, II Y CKIl-
<I>OB IlrpaJI BamHeRlllYIO pOJIb. HeAapoM
OHII coopyma:nr caMbIe rpaHAIl03Hble
B Mllpe KypraHbI, a KJIflTBa 60raMIl II,ap-
CKoro oqara C'IIlTaJIaCb oc06eHHo CBfI-
l..II,eHHoR (fepo.r\oT, IV, 68) II He AapOM
II,apb CKIl<I>OB l1)J;aH<I>llpC B OTBeT JJ:aplllO
rOBopHT: (< Y Hac eCTb OTeqeCKlle MO-
rHJIbI. HaH]UlTe IlX II IlOIIp06YRTe pa3-
PymllTb, II TorAa Y3HaeTe, CTaHeM JIll
MbI cpamaTbCfI 3a aTll MOrnJIbI 1l.1l! HeT»
(fepoAoT, IV, 127).
HeKoTopbIe AeTaJIIl cKIl<I>CKOrO IIO-
rpe6aJIbHOrO u6pflAa MOryT 6blTb IlCTOJI-
KOBaHbl TOJIbKO B CBeTe IlHAOHpaHCKIlX
MaTepHa:IOB. repoAoT (IV, 71-72)
co06!II,aeT, '1TO rrpll rrorpe6eHIlll II,apfl
CKIl<I>bI IlpllIIOCRT B mepTBY KOHeH, a
lIa IlO IHHl(aX '1epe3 ro;:{ y61lBalOT el..Il,e
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JIOBIlHOH KOJIeca. KOHR <I>llrypllpOBaJIIl
TaKiHC n aaYIlOKORHOM KYJIbTe II,apeH
aXeMeJlH.r\CKoro l1paHa. CTpa60H (XV,
3, 7) II AppHa!! (<<IIoxo;:{ AJIeKCaHApa»,
VI, 29, 7) COOOIl\aIOT, qTO AYXY rroKoR-
HOro l\apH Hnpa MarH emeMeCflqHO Y
ero rp06HHl\J.1 IlpIlHOCIlJIIl B me 1 BY
I\OHfI. iKepTBO!!pIlHOIIIeHue KOHfI CO-
IlpoBoiIqa:lO Tit "me Ilorpe6eHIle 3Han;:
Y BeAlI'IPCKHX a plleB. l1HTepecHO, qTO
Tel,CT fI1MII<1 !lit rrorpeoeHHe KOHfI B
PHIt3e;J;e (X. ;>6) IlepeKJIIlKaeTCfI C
pe'l oax<I>a .1J;IlCara - rrOCBflTIlTeJIfI
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YI{a3blBaeT Ha 60;IbIITyIO ApeBHOCTb II
06 lle HCTOKIT 06ellx Tpap;RII,IlR. KOHb
B aTOM 06pIl.1C CJIymIlT rrocpeAHHKOM
JIIem)J;Y MIIPO ! JIIOAeR H He60M II AOJI-
56
Ji\eH rrOMOqb X03f1IlHY COBepllillTb TPYA-
Hbl H IlYTb B 061lTeJIb rrpe,!\KOB, Ha He6ec-
able IIaCT61l a. BMecTe C TeM, KOHb Y
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C cOJIHII,eM II HaAeJIeHHOe CBepX"beCTe-
CTBeHHbIMIl CIlJIaMIl, cIloc06HOCTbIO
IIepeAanaTb 6eCCMepTIle II,aplO. 8-:0
oc06eHHo flCHO rrpOflBJIfleTCfI B IlHAHll-
CKOM 06pflAe mepTBorrpllHOllleHllfi 6e-
!loro KOHfI- amBaMeAxe (PB, I, 162,6).
AmBaMe a rrp:nypoqeHa K COJIflpHOMY
KaJIeHAaplO, OHa BocrrpllHIlMaeTCfI KaK
ClIIepTb II B03pomAeHIle II,apfl, KOTOpO-
MY IIpllHeceHHblR B mepTBY KOHb co06:
w;aeT 6eccMepTlle; TOJIbKO rrOCJIe aTOH
D;epeMoHIlIl II,apb rrOJIyqaeT IIOJIHOTY
II,apCKoR BJIaCTIl 22. l1pll 3aKJIHHaHIlll
KOHfI IIpllBfl3blBaJIIl K llleCTY, CH !BOJIIl-
31lpOBaBilleMY ApeBO m1l3HIl, Ha Beplllll-
He KOTOp01'O rrOMel..Il,aJIIl KOJIeCO - CUM-
BOJI COJIHII,a. 8TIl AeTaJIIl pIITyaJIa IlpfiMO
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'1TO B KOHeqHOM IlTOre elDIIIOJIn::mpyeT
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IlooeAa HaA H1l1ll1l 2 '. l1paneKIIii MIlT-
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AoroBopa, rropflJ(Ka, I{aK IT ITrr;\lIiicKHli
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C TeMHbIMIl CHJIaMIl. l1MeHHo 3TOT 3rrll-
;lOA cJIYmllT OCHOBHbIM cOAepmaHlleM
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OOPIl,OB BblcTYIlalOT BepeTparrra, Tpll-
Ta - Tpa3TaoHa, Kepecacrra, BalilO,
II APyrne 60rll II 60mecTBeHHble re-
pOR Z7.
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II,apb 6blJI 3eMHbIM BOrrJIOl..II,eHlleM 60ra,
HOCIlTeJIeM 60mecTBeHHoR CIlJIbl 28.
l103TOMY OCHOBHoe Ha3HaqeHIle II,a-
pfl - BeCT1I rr06eAOHOCHyJO 60pb6y C
BparaMIl II CJIep;RTb 3a rrOMepmaHlleM
IIopfiAKa, qTO CJIymllT rapaHTlleB 6JIa-
1'OrrOJIyqllfi Bcero HapOAa.
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llieCTBeHHoro repofl HaA Bpamp;e6Hb1M
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IlCCYlllHJI KOpHIl pacTeHIlR, 3aXBaTIlJI B
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;:I;llT K oCB060mAeHIlIO CIlJI rrJIOAOpOAllfl
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KRM 06pa30M, B HOBo1'OAHeM IIpa3wm-
he CJIIlBalOTCfI Boep;RHO KYJIbTbl COJIHII,a,
IIJIOAOPOAllfi II IIOqllTaHllfl II,a pfl 29.
8Ta Tpa)J;IlD;llfl BOCXO)J;RT K rJIy60KoR
iIHAOllpaHCKOH ApeBHOCTIl. B 11 paHe
OHa <I>IlKCllpyeTcfI yme B 3IlOXY Axe-
leH1IAoB: arraAaHa l1epcerroJIfI 6bI.la
rrocTpoeHa HaK MeCTO IlaHapllHeKTIX
HOBoroAHIlX <I>eCTIlBaJIeR, KYAa Bce Ha-
POAb! p;epmaBbI IIpIlXOp;RJIH IlOAHecTiI
IloAapKIl B AeHb HOBoro rOAa II,aplO,
BbIcTYIlaBllleMY B pOJIIl rr06eAoHocHoro
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::JaHbl 1l306pamalOT rr06eAoHocHYIO 60-
pb6y II,apfi H Ha pOAII1.Ie IIpOIl,eCCHII B
J;eHb HOYPY3a 30.
B l1paHe na Tpap;RII,HfI COXpaHflJIaCb
BIIJIOTb AO XIX B. H HOBoroAHHe <I>eCTiI-
57
BamI 6hIJIIl B TO me BpeMH rJIaBHhIM
)J;IlHaCTlIqeCKIlM rrpa3)J;HIlKOM, Kor)J;a
maxy )J;eJIaJIIlCb D;eHHhIe rrO)J;HomeHIlH 31.
B MH)J;IlM 06PH)J; «KopOHaD;IlIl» D;apH -
AllIBaMe)J;xa - Tome 6hIJI rrpllypOqeH K
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ro rO)J;a II y eOBpeMeHHhIx HH)J;HB:CKHX
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rO)J;Hero <pecTIlBaJIH, rrpll'leM rJIaBHOe
MeCTO 3aHIlMaeT paCCKa3 0 60Pb6e II
rr06e)J;e MH)J;phI II Boc.cTaHOBJIeHHIl KOC-
MIl'leCKOrO rropH)J;Ka 32.
K COmaJIeHIlIO, B rrllCbMeHHhIX IlC-
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58
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(ceMaHTIlKa IIX rrpeKpaCHO IlCCJIe)J;OBa-
Ha); )J;aJIblIIe Il)J;YT <paHTaCTllqeCKIlO cy-
lI eCTBa C IIpOTOMaMIl qeJIOBeKa C JIYKOM
B pYKax, TYJIOBOM pbI6bI, HoraMH C IW-
IIbITaMIl II KpbIJIbHMIl Ha crrHHe. OT-
i-\eJIbHbIe 3JIeMeHTbI 3TIlX <paHTaCTHqe-
CKHX cym;ecTB, KaK H CTIlJIllCTllqeCKaH
TpaKTOBKa, TllnllqHhI )J;JIH ac.cllpHHcKoro
II ypapTcKoro HCKYCCTBa, HO rrpHMblX
aHaJIornB: rrpe)J;CTaBJIeHHbIM CIlHKpeTll-
qeCKHM cym;ecTBaM HeT. Kora me BH)J;eJ!
CKH<pCKIlll: 3aKa3qllK B 'ilTIlX IIPpCOHa-
max? B 3aMbH)J;-HmTe (34-38, 51, 68)
orrllCbIBalOTCH IlHKapHaD;1l1l XBapHa
(<DapHa) -nepcoHIl<pIlKaU;HH II06eJ\bl.
CJIaBbI. <DapH BOnJIOrn;aeTCH B 6apana,
B XHm;HYIO IITIlU;Y BapraH (cOKo.TJa-Op-
JIa), B pbI6y, B KOHH, B Bep6.'1IO)J;a, HaIW-
neu;, B BOIlHa. ITO-BIl)J;IlMOMY, B aIlTa-
CTllqeCKIlX cym;ecTBax, YKpalliaIOII\HX
HomHbI IreJIepMec.cI\Oro Meqa, MomBO
BIl)J;eTb rrorrbITKY MaCTepa 1l306pa3HTh
3TOT rJIaBHell:mllll: rrepCOHam HpaHcl\Oi"r
peJIllrnll, Ha)J;eJIHB era qepTaMIl, xapal\-
TepHbIMIl )J;JIH 60JIbmeB: qaCTll nepeBD
IIJIOrn;eHIlB: <DapHa.
B03MomHo, qTO B rrorrYJIHpnOM H
CKIl<pCKOM IlCKYCCTBe 06paae 6apall0-
rpll<pona, COqeTalOm;eM 3JIeMeHTbJ XlIlI -
HOH IITIlD;hI, 6apaHa II KOHH, Tanme CJIC-
)J;yeT BIl)J;eTb H306pameHIle <DapHa If.'111
CBH3aHHora C HIlM ceMaHTHqeCKII 60ri1
rpuMa II II06e)J;bI BepeTparHbJ, IIOAaTP.'IH
CJIaBbI (BaxpaM-HlIIT). Bce TPII 3.1eMCH-
Ta CHHKpeTlIqeCl\Oro 06pa3a oapalIo-
rpll<poHa - XHm;naH rrTHua, 6ap&1I 11
KOHb - B lIpaHcKoH Tpa)J;llUIfIf HB.'TfJ 10T-
CH BOIIJIOIu;eHIIHMIf H aplla II 111'[ll'-
TparHbI 33.
fepO)J;OT IIlIqerO He co06l1\al'T II II 0
KYJIbTe <DapHa, HH 0 Ky.'lbTe BI' IH'Ti'iI f-
HbI Y CKII OB. OAHaKO .iI. ;{, ,(I;I'
IIpHBO)J;IlT D;e.1hlll pH)J; TCO<pOPlIhIX II\(.'!I
C ((<papH», KOTopbIe OH IIO .11IIIfBIJl"TII'le-
CKIlM co06pameHIfHM CqlITaCT !Ie ?;ii' \1-
CTBOBaHHbIMIl H3 nepCH)J;CKoro. "'11; 110-
59
JIaraeT B. l1.. A6aeB 3S, a aBTOXTOHHbI-
Mil. BOJIbiliall nonYJIlIpHOCTb aTlIX IIMeH
CBIIp;eTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM, 'ITO IIO'IIITaHlIe
cDapHa 6bIJIO IIHlpoRO pacIIpocTpaHeHo B
I1pll'IepIIOMopbe. qTO KacaeTCIl Bepe-
TparIIbI, TO II RYJIbT 60ra rpOMa II II06e-
P;bI TOiKe, MOiKHO P;YMaTb, cy ecTBOBaJI
Y CKll<p0B. B nOJIb3Y aToro roBOplIT TOT
<paIn, 'ITO 1\YJIbT BOCXOP;:UT K rJIyGo'Ian-
IlleR IIHp;OllpaHcRon p;peBHocTII: <PYHR-
qllll aBeCTlInCKOrO BepeTparHbI COBIIa-
)'(alOT C <PYHRqIIIIMII Bep;II'IeCRoro l1.H-
P;PbI, 3IIIITeT ROTOpOro <<II06ep;OHoc-
HbIii» - BpTparaH - IIpeBpaTIIJICIl B
IIMII IIpaHCROrO 60ra 3..
Ha IIO'IIITaHlIe BepeTparnbI eBpa3IIn-
CJ{BMll CTeIIHhIMII KO'IeBHHKaMII YKa3bI-
HalOT II p;aHHbIe oceTIIHCROI'D <pOJThKJIO-
pa; llMIl II06ep;OHOCHoro repoll HapTOB
BaTpap;3a HeIIocpep;CTBeHHO B03BOP;IITCII
K llMeHll BepeTparnbI", HapTOBCRlIn
BaTpap;3, IIOp;OGHO CBoeMY p;peBHeMY
:mOHllMY, IIepeBOIIJID aeTCIl B ROHII II
B Berep 38. CJIeP;yeT TalORe HMeTb B BII-
)'(y, 'ITO B Hap;IIIICII AHTlIoxa I KOMMO-
rena, rp;e 60rll IIpaHCROro IIaHTeOHa
OTOiK,[I,eCTBJIeHbI C rpe'IeCRIIMII, BepeT-
parna corrOCTaBJIeH C t'epaKJIOM II Ape-
COM". 0 RYJIbTe iKe IIOCJIe)J;HIIX Y CRII-
<pOB IIpllMO roBOplIT repo.n;oT (IV, 59).
TaRllM 06pa30M, MOiKHO IIOJIaraTb, 'ITO
IJ CKIJ.<pCKOii cpep;e, B KOTopon BoeHHall
A06JIeCTb IIO'IIITaJIaCb rJIaBHOii p;oGpo-
AeTeJIblO, a 06 ecTBeHHoe IIOJIOiKeHlIe
II )'(aiRe P;OJIII B p;oGbI'Ie OIIpep;eJIIIJIHCb
IJOIHlCI\lIMll 3acnyraMII (repop;oT, IV,
li4, 66) rrO'IllTaJIll BoeHHYIO CJIaBY II IIO-
uc)'(y. 810 06"bIlCHlleT 60JIbIIIYIO IIOIIY-
.1 HpHOCTb B CKR<pCIWM Mllpe ll3p;eJIlIii C
!l306paiKeHlleM rJIaBHbIX IIHKapHaqlln
cDaplIil II BepeTparHbI.
B CBeTe llH)'(OllpaHCKUX MaTeplIaJIOB
YL\aCTCIl pCKOHCTpYllpOBaTb II CUMBOJIH-
I>Y HeKOTopbIX I!306paiKeHllii COJIHqa B
[' hllfh "OM IICKYCCTBe. B Mll<pOJIOrllII
J1 H iIOlIpaHqeB, KaR II Bcex IIH)'(oeBpo-
noii lll' B, COJIHqe IIpe)'(cTaBJIIIJIOCb )'(BII-
FI, 'lrll'\ICIl rro He6y Ha KOJIeCHlIqe, 3aII-
pHmeHHoii: 'IeTbIpbMH 6eJIbIMII ROIIH-
Mil '0. B II03TII'IeCKOM H3bIKe 'IaCTO'
YIIOTpeGJIHJIOCb YIIoL\06JIeHlIe COJIHqa'
TOJIbKO ROJIeCHlIqe IIJIll ROJIecy IIJIII RO-
HIO (MIIXp-HIIIT, X; PB. VI, 51,1), ROHb-
COJIHqe - <lTO YCToii'IllBaH <popMy.'Ia-
CJIOBOCO'IeTaHlle u. rJIaBHall xapaRTe-
plICTIIKa ROHeii COJIHe'IHOii ROJIeCHII-
qbI - «6bIcTpbIe», a IIOCTOHHHbIii 3IIII-
TeT COJIIlI\a - «GbIcTpoRoHHoe». ABH-
iKeHlIe COJIHe'IHbIX ROHeii cpaBHIIBaeTCH
C IIOJIeTOM II'I IU bI, a 'IaCTO IITlIqbI (op-
JIbI) BbICTYIIaIOT BJIeRy mUl ROJIeCHll-
qy <2 (PB, VII, 63,5; IX, 71,9; IX,
97,33; X, 30,2; X, 55,6). 8Ta COJIHpHaH
CHMBOJIIIRa xapaRTepHa P;JIH Bcex mrp;o-
IIpaHCKRX HapO)J;OB, 'ITO )'(aeT OCHOBa-,
HlIe IIpoeqlIpoBaTb ee II Ha CRII<PCRYIO'
MH<pOJIOrnIO. B P;Pymx llH)'(oeBpoIIen-
CRIIX Tpap;:uqlIHx B Ra'IeCTBe COJIHe'IHOn
IITlIqbI <plIryplIPyeT TaKiKe JIeGep;b, IIO-
CROJThRY B EBpoIIe nplIJIeT JIeGep;en
3HaMeHOBaJI BecHy ". CooTBeTcTBeHHo,
1I30GpaiKeHHH JIe6ep;eii, OpJIOB, ROHeii B
CRII<pCK6M IICKYCCTBe MOryT paCCMaT-
plIBaTbCH RaR CIIMBOJIII'IeCROe BOIIJIO-
eHlle COJIHqa H. TO'IHO TaK me MOryT'
TpaRToBaTbcH II HeROTOpbIe cllHRpeTII-
'IeCRlIe 06pa3bI, rp;e rro 3aKOHaM rrap-
qlIaJThHoii MarIIII rrpe)'(cTaBJIeHbI JIIIIIIb.
'IaCTII YIIop;06JIHeMbIX COJIH Y IIpep;Me-
TOB II cy ecTB: II306paiReHHH KpbIJIa-
TblX ROHen, ROHeii-opJIOB, l\OJIeca II 'Ia-
CTII IITlIqbI (IIaIIpIIMep, p03eTKR, XBO-
CTI). IIJIII rOJIOBbI opJIa) " H «cernepoBa'
ROJIeca» - ROJIeCa C 'ICTbIpbMH ROHCKII-
Mil rOJIOBaMII B BllxpeBO I IJlliKeHllII '8.
O,ruraRO, KaK YiRe rOBOpIJ..'IOCb, P;JIH IIH-
p;olIpaHqeB 6blJI xapaKTcpen IIOJIIICe-
MaHTH3M, II ope.'l, II "OIl I> ObI.'lll aTpll6y-
TaMil HC TO;IbKO CO,lHIla. 110 II MHorllX
P;Pyrllx 60IjC>B II repocn, B 'IaCTHOCTII,
6JIII3He q OB-,IIIBllHOB 17, 'ITO CJIep;yeT'
Y'IllTbIBaTb IIPll UHTepnpt'TaqulI RaiK-
P;OI'D I\OHKpeTIWrO H:wopila'CHIJ.II. B 1\a-
'IeCTBe 6eccrropHoro CO.'lIlCqHOI'D CIIM-
BOJIa MOiKeT 6bITb rrpIJ.3IWIIO, rroiKaJIyii,
TOJIbKO cerHcpOHO KO.le',I). nOCROJIbKY
3TOT CIIMBOJI OIIlIcaH B PlIrBep;e II B
ABecTe. ,
B rrpep;CTaBJIeHHII IIHp;olIpaHqeB r.laB-
HaH oc06eHHOCTb COJIHqa - 6bICTpOTa
era p;BlIiKeHIIH. B II03TII'IeCKOM 1I3bme
3TO HamJIO BIJ:pameIme B C03 aHilII IIO-
CTOHHHoro 3IIHTeTa COJIHqa «6bICTpO-
ROHHoe» <8. B II30Gpa3IITeJIbHOM TBOp-
'IeCTBe Ta iKe ocooeHHOCTb BbIpa3ll.TIaCb
B 06pa3e KOHH, IIpep;CTaBJIeHHOrO B
CTpeMIITeJIbHOM p;BlImeHIIII, B JIeTIIIII,eM
raJIorre. TaRIIM 06pa30M, )'(aiRe TaKall
'lepTa Xyp;OiKeCTBeHHOI'D CTIIJIII CKII<pOB,
RaR JIeTHIII,IIn raJIOII, 06YCJIOBJIeHa Bccii
CIICTeMoii IIX MlI<pOJIOrn'IeCKllX rrpe)'(-
CTaBJIeHlIn.
B OCHOBe KOCMOrOHl'IlI IIH)'(OlIparrqeB,
B TOM 'IIICJIe, BIIP;:UMO, II CRII<pOB, JIeiRf!-
JIa p;yaJIIICTII'IeCKaH ROHqeIIqIIII 60pbUbl
IIpOTIIBOIIOJIOmHbIX CIIJI B IIpllpo)'(e II otJ-
eCTBe. OTCIOp;a - CIOmeT 60pb6bl B
CRII<pCKOM IICKYCCTBe. AJIH Borr.TIOIIl,eHIIII
op;Hoii 1I3 rJIaBHbIX TeM CBoell MII<pO.'lO-
rIIII CRII<pbI IICIIOJIb30BaJIII ROMrr03II IIIO,
C03p;aHlIYIO Ha p;peBHeM BOCTOKe 3a)'(0.'1-
ro AD IIX IIOHBJIeHHH Ha IICTOpll'IeCKOll
apeHe.
¥ 3eMJIep;eJIb'IeCRIIX Hapop;OB I1epcp;-
Heii A3HII IIOTpe6HOCTII X03IIllCTBa BbI-
3bIBaJIH HeoGxOp;IIMOCTb B IIpep;CKa3aHll-
HX IIO 3Be3p;aM HaCTYIIJIemm ce30Ha
p;OiKp;en:, II03TOMY YiKe B rny60KoH iIpeB-
HOCTII IIX 3HaHIIH B 06JIaCTll aeTpOHO-
MIIII 6bIJIII BeCbMa OCHOBaTe.'lbllbBIlI.
BbIJIO 3aMe'IeHO, 'ITO IIOHBJIeHnC H ole-
Ha Ha HeGoCRJIOHe C03Be3,"(llll IDtelOT
qIIKJIII'IeCRlIii xa paRTep. BeCHOH. B !lOPY
Ha'IaJIa IIOJIeBbIX pa60T, cO:1Be3AlIe .-hna
3aKpbIBaJIO Ha He6e C03Be3AIII' f1,Wfl;:l
(IIO-illYMeplIiicKll - «3Bc3p;a [;1>11>:1» )
II c03Be3p;IIe KacclIorrerr (IIo-mpl('i'lIii-
clm - «3Be3p;a OJIeHII»). 8TO HB.WIIIII' B
II306pa3IITeJIbHOM TBOp'leCTne ncpe:llle-
a3IIaTCRIIX Hapop;oB Borr.lOTII.10Cb II ['Ile-
He Tep3aHlIH 6bIJ\a If.TIII O.'H'HH ,11"'.O 1.
B aCClIplIn:CRYIO II aXeMCHII;:ICKYj(, .'BOXY
JTa cqeHa, HaplI,'(Y C rtCTpa:lloi/ bnl.
IIplI06peJIa II coqlla.TIbHbIii OIbIC.1: :leB
60
CTaJI paCCMaTplIBaTbCH RaR CllMBOJI IIO-
6ep;OHOCHora qapH, II, HaRoHeq, IIOHBII-
JIaCb ROMII03llqlIH, rp;e qapb IIoGeiKp;aeT
.TIbBa, YTBepiKp;aH CBoe Mory ecTBo '..
MeHHJIb P;IO BIOIICCOH IIpep;.TIaraeT
)'(PyryIO TpaRTOBRY :JTora aCTpaJIbHOrO
ClOiKeTa, paCCMaTplIBaH ero RaR II306pa-
iReHlle CMeHbI P;HH II HO'III so. ITo MHe-
HllIO iKe AIOmeHb-rlIn:eMIIHa, CIIMBO.rrII-
'IeCROe 3Ha'ieHlIe 3TOn: ROMII03IIqHB lIIe-
HIIJ'IOCb Ha IIpoTHiKeHllII BeROB II Y pa3-
HbIX Hapop;oB, a B axeMeHIIp;cRoM IICRYC-
CTBe cqeHa TpaRTOBaJIaCb RaR IIoGep;a
qapH Ha HOYPY3e st.
C YTpaTon: HeIIocpep;CTBeHHoii: CBH3II
Tpap;IIqlIoHHon KOMII03lIqIIII B IICRYC-
CTBe C IIopop;rrBillllMII ee aCTpaJIbHbIMII
IIpep;CTaBJIeHIIHMII Ha MeCTe JIbBa CTaJIH
nOHB.TIHTbCH P;PyrlIe XIIIII,HHKR, Ha lIIeCTe
6bIKa - p;pyrne ROIIbITHbIe. MMeHHO Ta-
Kall TpaRTOBRa xapaRTepHa P; H CKII<p-
CRoro II306pa3IITeJIbHOro TBOp'IeCTBa,
rp;e IIepBOHa'IaJIbHaH CIIMBOJIIIRa YiKe
Ha'IIICTO 3a6bITa II HapHP;Y C peaJIbHbIlII1I
mlIBOTHbIMII IIOHBJIHIOTCH <paHTaCTlI'Ie-
CKlIe CIIHRpeTII'leCRlIe cy ecTBa, C03-
p;aHHbIe <paHTa3IIen: CRII<pCKRX MaCTe-
pOB. HeT B03MomHOCTH Cyp;:uTb, BOC-
nplIHHMaJIII JIll CRII<pbI 3TY xapaRTep-
HeiimyIO P;JIH IIX II CRYCCTB a cqeHY
Tep3aHlIH 52 RaK ROCMOJIOrn'IeCKlln aRT
TBopeHIIH 'Iepe3 YHII'ITOmeHHe, aIIo<pe03
BeCHbI II Ha'IaJIO COJIHe'IHOrO rop;a UJIII
l\aR II06ep;y 60iKecTBeHHoro repoH, If.TIII
era 3aMeCTIITe.'1H - qapH. CRopee Bcero,
I!MeJIa MeCTO IIop;MeHa MaRpOROCMoca
II IIIIIKpOROCMoca, CIIHTe3 HaTypaJIIICTII-
'IeCROrO II coqllaJIbHOrO CIIMBOJIII3Ma,
'ITO Bo06II1,e O'ICHb CBOHCTBeHHO P;JlH 1II1-
pOBOCIIplIlITIIII Bcex llparrOlI3bI'IHbIX Ha-
pOp;OB.
ECJIII coqlla.1bHbrii acrreKT cqeHbl TCp-
laHIIH IIp06J'IC1IaTII'IeH, TO B CRll<pCKOM
nCRYCCTBe eCTb 6eccrropHbIe II306pame-
nllH rr06ep;bI 60fa II.1II qapH Ha)'( XIIW;RII-
KOM ll;III 'Iyp;OBllIIl,eM S3. TpaRTOBKa 3TO-
ro CIOiKeTa TaKiRe BOCXO)'(lIT R IIepe)'(He-
a3IIaTCROMY llCRYCCTBY s', HO II)1elI
61
.oeI'O - CKII<pc.l<aH II 06 ellpaHCKaH.
TIpep;CTaBJIeHHbIR rrepconam, rro MHe-
Hino B. H. rpaKOBa, T'epaKJI-TaprH-
Tall - pOp;ORa'IaJIbIIIIK CIUI<p0B. CKii<p-
cmiR TapnnaR lIapaJIaTa - 3'1'0
rrpHMaH rrapaJIJIeJIb aBeCTUB:c,KOro Xao-
IIIbHHxa (XOIIIaRra) llapap;aTa - rrep-
Boro n;apH llpaHn;eB, OCHOBaTeJIH rreIIIp;a-
P;HTCKOU p;HHaCTHH 50. To me OT-
ROCHTCH II K XaOIIIbHRY, K Tap-
rHTaIO 56.
B HpaRCKoii MH<pOJIOI'l'IH orrllCI>lBa-
.eTCH cpameRlle Xomarrra C TllpaROM
.lJ:axaKoR, rrpeBpaTHBIIDIMCH B 'IYP;OBll -
1I0ro 3MeH. IJ,apb 6POCllJI B 3MeH Ka-
MeRb, KaMeRb BhIceK llCKpy II 3arOpeJICH
orORb. B 'IeCTb rr06e,ll;bI X()IIIaRra Rap;
p;paKOROM Amll .lJ:axaKoii II pa Rn;hI
CrrpaBJIHIOT rrpa3p;R'HK orRH Cap;a, Kor-
p;a u;apb 3amHraeT orRll 57.
K COmaJIeRllIO, B llCTO'IrrHKax 0 CKll-
<pax neT RHKaKllx CBep;eRllB: Rll 0 cpa-
meRHll TaprllTaH, RH 0 rrpa3p;RllKe 3a-
mHraRllH qapeM OrlIeB:. Ho Momrro rro-
JIaraTb, '1'1'0 CXOP;RhIB: Mll<pOJIOrll'IeCKllii
ClOmeT II 06PHP; cy ecTBOBaJIll y C.KH-
4>OB. B rrOJIb3Y 3Toro cBllp;eTeJIbCTByeT
cpep;Hea311aTcKllU MaTepllaJI: rro co06-
ll:\eHlllo HapIIIaxH, rrpa3p;HllK Cap;a 0'1'-
Me'IaJIH B Byxape 58. llo cBllp;eTeJIbCTBY
fepop;oTa (IV, 68), CKll<phI rrO'IHTaJIll
QrOHb qapcKoro O'lara. Ho caMbIM Bam-
HblM a pryMeRToM HBJIHeTCH CKH<pcKoe
11306pa3HTeJIbHOe TBOp'IeCTBO: B ux llC-
KYCCTBe 6hIJI He TOJIbKO 06pa3 repOH,
cpamaIO erOCH (: 'Iyp;OBll eM, RO II 1130-
6pameHue TpeXrJIaBOI'O 3MeH 59, rrOJIHO-
CThlO COOTBeTCTBYIO ee orrllcaRHIO B
1 B. r. J]y'Wltllll. KY.1lbTypa caCa[[[[IIC"oro
HpaJ1a. M., 1969; /0. A. Pannonopr. H3
IfCTOpHH pCiIlIruH ipeBHero Xopc3Ma. M.,
1971; B. A. J]ur8,mc,wu. KanrlOiiCKO-
capMaTcHIiR <papH. I1ymaH6c, 1968; Olt :!ICe.
pcBIIile I;o<U'BIIII"" «KpblmH Mllpa». M.,
1972, CTp. 142; /(. C. Pae8C1>UU. CHII<pclmii
III<poiIOrn'ICCKlli[ C[ ,meT B I1CIiYCCTBC II
1I):\cO.1l0rnn napCTRa ATell. CA, 1970, M 3;
Olt :!ICe. 0 CC IaHTHKe OLlHoro 1I3 oopa30B
ABeCTe: «3 IeR .lJ:axaKa C TpeMH rraCTH-
MH, C TpeMH 6aIIIKaMll» (3aMbHp;-HIIIT,
37).
TaKllM 06pa30M, He TOJIbKO HeKOTO-
phIe CTHJIHCTH'IeCKHe oc06eHHOCTll CKll-
<pCKom HCKyc.CTBa (3BepHHhIB: CTHJIb,
CHHKpeTH3M 06pa30B, JIeTH IlB: raJIorr),
HO U OTp;eJIbrrhIe CIOmeThI II KOHKpeTHble
rrepCOHamH Haxop;HT llCTOJIKOBaHHe rrpll
paCCMOTpemm CKll<pCKOB: Mll<pOJIOrllll
Ha <pOHe 06 eHpaHCKllx H IIIHpe - 06-
eapHiicKHX BepoBalIHii II rrpep;CTaBJIe-
Hllii.
Op;HaKo, KaK yme rOBOpllJIOCb, HeJIb3H
omHp;aTb, 'ITO KamD;oMY rrepcoHamy
CKII<pcKoro IlCKYCCTBa yp;acTcH HaB:Tll
CooTBeTcTBYIO lle llHp;ollpaHcKlle rra-
pa.TIJIemr. HeAb B pa3HhIX 06JIaCTHX HH-
p;OHpaRCKoro MHpa B KORKpeTHhIX llC-
TOpH'IeCKHX YCJIOBHHX Kamp;hIB: CIOmeT
rrpuo6peTa:J cBoe06pa3RYIO OKpaCKY u
rrO)JBepraJICH TpaHc<popMaqllu. K TOMY
me rraMIiTHIfKH, KOTOphIMU MhI pacrro-
.'1araeM p;JIiI peKoRcTpYKq:Ull,- Plll'Bep;a
H ABecTa - cop;epmaT pa3HOBpeMeRHbIe
'IaCTH U OtJeHb C.lIomHhI P;JIH HHTeprrpe-
TCll\HIf.
HaKOIIeI . H PHrBep;a U RIIIThI
ABec.ThI !l:pCBHee Tex co06 eRHB: 0 p;y_
XOBHOB: KYJI bType CI\lltPOB, KOTophIe
OCTaBJIellbI rpe'IeCI\UMH llCTopllKaM:U.
TI03TOMY rrOrrblTI\a corrOCTaBJIeHHB: II
rrepeHOC Ha C.I\Il<pCI\HB: MaTepllaJI p;aH-
RbIX 0 MllpOBO;J3peIIHll p;pyrnx UHP;O-
upaHIJ,eB lOrYT 6bITb crrpaBep;JIllBhI
JIHWh rrpn peI\OHCTpYKqHH OCROBHhIX
pc.'rnrno3J!o-KooIOrOHU'IeCI\HX KOHu;eu-
U;HR H OC-OOPIIHocTeR MhIIIIJIeHHH.
Hascplliue co BcaLlIIIII;aMII 113 AareCTaHa.
CA, 1973, M 2, CTp. 188-189; olta '!!'e. Ce-
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, B. CPo MUAAep. 'IepTbI cTapHHbI B CKaaa-
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T. CCXXI!, M 7-8; B. H. A6ae8. OCeTlIH-
CKHII lIabiR Ii <pO.1lbIiJIOp. M.- J1., 1949;
ON xe. AOxpHcTHaHcIiall peJIHrHII aJIaH.
«XXV MemLlYHapoLlHbIR KOHrpecc BOCTO-
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y CRI!<PoB. «ApeBHIIII MHp.. M., 1962,
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5 fOBOpll 06 ABCCTC, Mbl OYACM IIMeTb B BII-
AY B rrepBYIO O'IepC;1b lie faTbI, oTpamalO-
He MOpaJIbJ10-3TH'IeCIiIlC II a6cTpaKTHo-
<pHJIOco<pclme rrOllRTUR, rrpOIiJIaMHpOBaB-
lliHeCIi 3apaTymTpoll, a HlliTbI, KOTopbIe
6bIJIH COCTaSJICHbl rrOCJIe rrporrOBeLlII «rrpo-
pOIia.), 110 LlOIICCiIll OTrOJIOCKII 60JIce ap-
XaHqHbIX BepOBaHHI[, coxpaHIIBlliHxSII
BOCTO'IIIOHpalicKoii cpeLle C r.1lYOOIiOII
LlpeBIIOCTli.
· ABCCTlliic"oc BbIpa;J;l'III1C, ynoTpeOJIIIl'MOe
B 3HaQl'I1IflI «MOJIllThl'H), «llOQUTaTb» )];0-
CJIOBHO 0311aqaeT «npHIIOCIITb mCPTBY,)
(C. H. C01>n..08. fLu,[I< ABecTbI. J1., 1964,
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8 T. H. E..1l3apelt1>08a. 'Kaa. COq., CTp. 65,.
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9 ll. r. replfeli6epz. Mop<pOJIOrlI'IeCKall
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17 s: Levi. YKaa. Coq., CTp. 133-134.
18 E. E. liY3bM.Una. PaCilpOCTpanCHilC 1;oIlC-
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3 CKHto-cB6IIJICKHA 3Bepll1lHA CTJIJIh
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Ha XXV MemAYHapo;:\HoM KOHrpecce BO-
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HOBbH TaprllTall 6bI.1U OCHOBaTeJIHMII Ka-
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58 M. Hapwaxu. MCTOplI1I Byxapbl. TamKeHT,
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H. A. OHaHKO
(MeJIl,rYROBCKIlii, KYJII,OGCKHii, AJIeI-;-
CaHp;pOnOJII.CImii, qepTOMJIbIJ\ II p;p.)
03HaMeHOBaJICH rJIaBHbIM oGpa30M orr-
pep;eJIeHHeM 3THH'IeCJ\oii HX npIIHa;:l-
JIemHOCTH, a TaJORe onpep;eJIeHHe ! 31-
RH'IeCJ\oii npHHa,ll;JIemHOCTH ManopOB
H QeHTpOB npOH3Bop;CTBa 30JIOTbIX xy-
p;omeCTBeHHbIX H3p;eJIHll:, oGHapYiKCH-
HbIX B 3THX J\ypraHax. Op;HaJ\O, eC.ll! rro
nepBOMY Bonpocy Bce HCCJIep;OBaTc.'lH
BbICJ\a3aJIIICI. ep;I!Hop;ymHO 3a rrpIIHa)I-
JIemHOC'fI. 3TlIX COJ\pOBHII\ CJ\lIcpa !, TO
110 OCTaJII.HbIM BonpocaM cpa3Y ;I,l' IIa-
MOTHJIOCI. HOCROJII.KO TOqeI( :1J)('IlniI.
TaJ\. M. E. 3aGeJIIIH, JI. CTeqlaHII,
H. ll. KOHp;aJ\OB, M. M. TOJICTOi\: II pHg
P;PyrHX IICCJIep;OBaTeJIeii QeHTpOM npOl!3-
Bop;CTBa paCCMaTplIBaeMOI'O I(pyra ne-
lI\eii c.'IHTaJIII A<pHHbI. CTOpOHHlIhl! :1py-
roii, GOJIee rr03p;Heii TOqRlI :!PClIIIfI-
A. <DYPTBeHrJIep HerO rrOCJIe)IOmne.'lH
-.A. H. illBapQ, B. It Ma.TjL IGCpr,
M. 8GepT, B. B. <DapMaRoncRni\: BhICKa-
bIBaJIHCb 3a 1I0HIIiicRoe rr[JOIICXf);('JJ:e-
HHe 3THX BelI\ell. ITplI 3TO ! ITpC.lno.la-
raJIOCb, 'ITO rrog06HbIe 1I');!C.1IIH "'r.T3
H3rOTaBJIlIBaThCH I! nil lOre POCCIII! aT-
TH'leCJ\HMH (It IlIBa6e, 13. fpeq) H.1H
HORHllClm 1.. MaCTepa !II (<D. BIIIITCp).
HeJ\OTopbIe' pelI\lI, I,aK HarrpII ep. OOIIB-
KH HomeH y.'Ib06cKoro Meqa. OTHOCII-
.'IIICb J\ H3p;eJIlIHM CKllcpCI\lIX lacTf'I")R '.
HeCMOTpH !Ia 3TY rreCTpOTY IIJCHrrfi,
GbIJIO Bce me OqeBIIp;HO. 'ITO ITI'0n:me-
p;eRHH rpe'IeCKIIX !aCTepOB :ja II" \I.l.1Il
B COJ\pOBHlI\ax CKH<pCKHX J\ypraHoB
BIIp;Hoe MeCTO. BMeCTe, C TeM, cpep;H
RHX BbIp;eJIHJIHCb BeII\H, COBepmeHHO He-
xapaJ\TepHbIe P;JIH rpe'IeCKorO HCKYC-
CTBa, II BelI\I1, cop;epmalI\I1e CMemaH-
RbIe, rpeKO-BapBapCKHe 3JIeMeHTbI p;e-
Iwpa. B HHX HamJIH OTpameHHe 3.'leMeH-
TbI coGcTBeHHO HCJ\YCCTBa 3BepIlHoro
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1 BII6JIIIorpacl>mo no aTOMY BOIIPOCY eM.:
H. A. Onaii./w. ABTII'IHblli HMilOpT B I1plI-
AHclipoBbe II I106ymbe B IV-II UB.
AO H. 3. CAlf, )];1-27. M., 1970, CTp. 6.
2 M. H. P"C1'08/fe8. 3JIJIHHCTBO 11 HpaHCTBO
Ha lOre POCCIIII. M., 1918, CTp. 6.
3 M. H. POCr08/fe8. CKH<p1I1I H BOCilOp. J1.,
1925, CTp. 338.
I. TaM me, CTp. 340; on xe. The Animal
Style in South Russia and China. Prin-
ceton, 1929, p. 24.
5 G. Boroffka. Del' Skythische Tierstil. AA,
1926, 3/4, S. 369.
· K. Schefold. Del' skythische Tierstil in
siidrussland. ESA, XII. Helsinki, 1938,
S. 3. CM. pe eH3lIIO Ha 3TY CTaTblO H. H.
I1orpe60BoII K BOIIPOCY 0 CnU<pCKOM 3Be-
plIHOM CTHJIe». KClflfMK, BbIli. XXXIV.
1950, CTp. 129.
1 H. H. Ilozpe608a. K BOIIPOCY 0 CKH<PCKOM
3BepHliOM CTIIJIe, CTp. 134, 140.
8 B. A. H.I£bUnCIWH. HeKOTopbIe MOTHBbI
paHHeCRI!<pCKoro 3BepIIHorO CT1IJIII. CA,
1965, .M 1. CTp. 105.
t P. A man dry. L'art scythe archaique. AA,
1965, Heft 4, p. 89f.
10 P. Amandry. Un motif scythe en Iran et
en Grece. INES, v. XXIV, july, 1965, N 3,
p.149.
11 R. Ghirschman. Perse. Paris, 1963, p. 33f.
12 B. 11.. BA.aRarcKuii.. B03AeiicTBHe aHT1IQHOII
KYJIbTypbl Ha cTpaHbI CeBepHoro I1pllqep-
HOMOpbli (IV B. AO H. 3.- III B. H. 3.). CA,
1964, .M 4, CTp. 27.
13 H. A. Oltaii.Ko. YKa3. COq., CTp. 86.
11. M. H. ApraMono8. I1poHcxomAeHlIe CKH<p-
CKOro HCKYCCTBB. CA, 1968, M 4, CTp. 27.
15 M. H. ApraMono8. CKH<P0-CH6HpcKoe HC-
KyCCTBO 3BepIfHoro CTIIJIII. I1CA. M., 1971,
C Tp. 34.
18 M. H. ApraMo/to8. COKpOB1I a caliOB. M.,
1973, CTp. 218.
11 K. Malkina. Ein Motiv aus dem skytischen
Tierstil. IDAl, XVI, 1926, Heft 3/4, S. 176.
18 H. H. Ilozpe608a. fpH<pOH B IICKYCCTRC Ce-
BepHoro I1pHqepHOMOpbll B IIOXY apxalI-
KH. KClflfMK, BbIIl. XXII, 1948, CTp. 62.
Ai,
72
11 M. H. MaKCUM08a. Cepe6pHHoe 3epKaJIO H3
KeJIepMeca. CA, XXI, 1954, CTp. 281;
vna :J/Ce. PRTOH 1I3 KeJIepMeca. CA, XXV,
1956, CTp. 215.
20 ". A. Onaii.Ko. a eHTpax IIpOH3BOACTBa
30JIOTbIX 06KJIaAOK HomeH H PYKOIITOK
paHHHx CKH<pCKHX leqelI, HalIAeHHblX B
I1pHAHelipoBbe. KAM. M., 1966, CTp. 159.
2t M. H. ApraMono8. KYJIb06cKHII OJIeHb.
AlfKCI1. J1., 1968, CTp. 9.
22 M. H. Pocr08/fe8. CKU<pHH H BOCIIOP,
CTp. 305.
23 M. H. MaKCu.M08a. Cepe6pHHoe 3epKaJIO 1I3
KeJIepMeCa; ona xe. PHTOH II3 KeJIepMe-
Ca; B. 11.. BA.a8arCKUU. B03AelICTBile aH-
THqHOII KYJIbTYPbI.., CTP. 26.
21. A. Godard. Le Tresor de Liwiye (Kurd i-
stan). Haarlem, 1950; R. Ghirshman. No-
tes Iraniennes IV. Le Trisor de Sakkes;
Le Origines de l'art Mede et les Bronzes
du Luristan. Artihus Asiae», XIII, 1950.
25 C. H. l(anowuna. I1aMIITHHKII 3BepHHoro
CTHJIII 1I3 OJIbBHII. KClflfMK, BbllI. XXXIV,
1950, CTp. 43, pilC. 5-7.
26 B. B. <PapMaKo8cKuii.. ApXaHqeCKlI1I IIe-
pllOA B POCCHII, CTp. 30, pHC. 8; O. E. Ilpy-
Ule8CKaH. XYAomecTBeHHall 06pa60TKa Me-
TaJIJIa (TopeBTHKa). ArCI1, T. I. M.- J1.,
1955, CTp. 328; B. M. CKyono8a. CKII<p CKlIB
3epKaJIa H3 apXalIqeCKOrO HeKpOIIOJIII OJIb-
Bilil. TT3, T. VII. J1., 1962, CTP. 5.
27 H. A. Onaii.Ko. a eHTpax IIpOH3BOACTBa..,
CTp. 159.
28 B. I. BioaiA.H. )];oCJIil\meHHIl falIMaHoBoi
MOrHJIII. ApxeoJIorill», BHII. 4. KHIB, 1971,
CTp. 44, pHC. 8-1 f.
29 B. H. MOaOA.e8cKuii.. KypraH TOJICTali Mo-
rHJIa 6JIH3 c. OPAmOHIIKHA3e Ha YKpailHe.
CA, 1972, M 3.
30 H. H. COKO.l£bCKUii. II 11.. B. IIIeA.08. lfCTO-
pHqeCKaH pOJIb aHTlIqHblX roCYAapCTB Ce-
BepHoro I1pHqepHOMopbli. I1lfCI1A3. M.,
1959, CTp. 48; B. 11.. BA.a8arcKuii.. Apxal!-
qeCKRII BOCilOp. MlfA, M 33, 1954, CTp. 11;
on xe. B03AelIcTBile aHTH'IHOII KYJIbTypbl
Ha cTpaHbI CeBepHoro I1plI'IepnOMOpbll
(B VII-V BB. AO H. 3.), CTp. 19.
Horo CTHJIII. OH BbIpOC, Be pOHTIIO, II3
Tex me HCTOqHlIIWB, qTO II 3BepllHbIH
CTHJIb CRIHIJlIH, CeBepHoro KaBKa3a,
IOmHOR CII6IIpH H CpeAHeu: A31I1I, TaR
RaR B ero OCHOBe JIeiKaT 06 lIe 300-
MopqlHbIe 06pa3bI, MOTIIBbI II IIplIeMbI
CTUJlII3aQHII. ITpoMelliYTOqHOe IIOJIOiKe-
RHe IToBOJImCKo-YpaJIbCI,nX CTeileR OII-
peAeJIIIJIO ero TeCHbIe CBH3II II 3aBHCII-
MOCTb, C OAHOR CTOpOHbI, OT 300MOp<p-
Horo HCRyccTBa CRII<p1I1I II IT plIKy6aHbll,
C APyroR qOpOllIbI - OT aIIaJIOTIPlHOrO
CTHJIII Ka3axcTaHa II IOiKlJOR CII6IIpH.
ITaHTepo06pa3HbIll (IWUIa%eII IIOpoAbI)
H rplI<poHo06pa3HbIll XIIUII!ITIill, pacII03-
HaBaeMbIe Ha HalI60JIee paHHlIx caB pO-
MaTCRIIX Be ax, CBepHYBIIIIIH:CII B ROJIb-
QO XIIIl(HHK il3 caBpOMaTCI,oro IIorpeoe-
HBII rpYIIIIbI Tpex 6paTLeB IIOA 3JIlIc-
TOR (pIIC. 1,1) 2; 6.'IHIlIKi\ C IIplIIIaBIlIIIM
K 3e lJIe ROIllaqbHM XIIIl(IIIIl,OM H3 CyceJI
(pIIC. 1, 6) 3, rOJIOBa «.'IhBiI» IIB ROCTJ1-
HOM HaBepIlIIIII II3 BIIIll-OOLI (pIIC. 2,
5) '; 30JIOTaH 6JIHiliKa B Bll)l,e rOJIOBbI
opJIa IIJIII rplI<poHa 113 HBaHoB hii
(pHC. 3, 9) 5 CJIYIKaT llO)J,TBepiK)I,eHHeM
:nOR B3aIIM03aBIICII}IOCTII.
CaBpOMaTo-capMaTCKllll 3BeplIHbIH
CTIIJIb )l,eJIIITCH na ABa OC!!OBHbIX 3TaIIa:
I 3Tall (VI-IV BB. AO H. :J.) CBH3aH C
caBpoMaTaMII; :nall (III B. AO H. 3.--
II B. n. 3.) OTHOCIITCH KO BpeMeHII CJIO-
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(ROCTIOM, opymHe..H ROHCKYIO C6pyIO,
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BeHHHKi!!) CTIIJIII30BaHHbIMII 1I300pame-
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6e3 COMHeHIDI, HaBellHbI llepeiKilTIWMII
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raHbI mIIBOTHbIX, KOTopbIe CllMBOJIII3H-
pOBaJIII 30pROCTb II OcrpOTY CJIyxa,
CIIJIY, JIOBROCTb II CMeJIOCTb B 60pb6e -
rJIa3, YXO, pora, 3y6aCTY1O IIaCTb, RJIIOB,
KOITHCTbIe JIailbI. TeJIo 3BepH ilHorAa
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(pHC. 4, 2, 8, 9), OTMeqalOTCH MYCRYJIbI
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nepeqlICJIeHHbIe oc06eHHocTII CTIIJIII
B IIpHHQHIIe Te me, qTO II B CRII<po-cn-
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(pHC. 1, 24-39), CIIMBo.ln3rrpYH oIIpe-
AeJIeHHOe RaqeCTBO. 01I1I IJ.lol'ipaiKaJIIICb
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pa3bI mIIBOTHbIX leCTlloii IfJi1YHbL
B pe3YJIbTaTe CTII.'I1I3aUII!! ''''CHI 6bIBa-
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110 qeTKO BbIAeJIlleTCII ero IIOBOJImCKO-
y"pa:rbClillH: BapHaHT', CBII3aRHbIll B OC-
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apxeo.'IOmqeCROll RYJIbTypbI. C03AaTe-
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I!OJliKhH II pOACTBeHHbIe IIM llJIeMeHa
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a aopCOB, ClIpaROB, pOKCOJIaHOB H
aJIaHOB.
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TYPt'. BO BCHKOM CJIyqae Ha llpe)l,MeTax,
J.\OIIH';uunx ,'10 Hailiero Bpe}leHil, He CO-
xpn !In.10Cb HII OAHoro 300MOp<pHoro
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74
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IlIa beH: IIOPOAbI (qaCTO <pa CTlIqe-
CRlle) (pIIC. 4), oc06eHHo qaCTO BOJIR
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(pHC. 3), a 3aTeM yme OJIeHb (pIIC. 5, 2,
4, 6, 8), JIOCb (pHC. 5, 1), Ra6aR
(pIIC. 4,-7; 5,11), RYJIaH (pIIC. 5,3),
ropHbIll R03eJI H 6apaH (pIIC. 5, 10, 17 -
21, 23), Bep6JI1OA (pHC. 5, 7, 9), call-
raK (pIIC. 5, 15), JIOIlIaAb (pHC. 5, 12,
14, 22) H 6apaH (pIIC. 5, 13). Y caB pO-
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(pIIC. 4, 10, 11) 10. IIcKycHo BbIpe3aH-
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6paiKeHIIeM XIIm;HIIKOB II C reoMeTpR-
'IeCKIIMII MOTIIBaMR - JIY'lmRe 06pa3-
nbI 300MopiPHoro CTIIJIH caBpoMaToB
IIoBo.'IiKLH (pIIC. 4, 1-3, 6, 7) "; OHII
B OCHOBHOM Orrpep;eJIHIOT oc06eHHOCTII
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HpO IC Toro, B 3BeplIHOM CTIIJIe rro-
BOJIiKCKOii rpyrrrrbI eCTL MOTIIBbI II
oc06eHHoCTII TpaKTOBKII, CBH3aHHbIe c
CeBepHbIM KaBKMoM R CKlIqJIIeR, oco-
6eHHo co CpeJ\HIIM OHOM (6YP;IIHbI?).
B IIpIIypaJIbcKoR rpyrrrre 3BepRHoro
CTIIJIH, 6JIII3IWR K caKo-MaccareTcKoR,
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II Yiirapap;a 12, a TaKme pOJ\cTBeHHoR
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pa) JJ II AJITaRCKOR (rra3bIpbIKcKaH
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rrpeACTaB.'IeHbI Bep6JIIOJ\, ropHbIR K03eJI,
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II K03.TJa, rrpelIMym;ecTBeHHO BbIpaiKeH-
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.D:JIIl I1plIypaJIbCKOH rpynrrbI TaKme xa-
paKTrpHbI KOHTypHbIe cxeMa TII'IHbIe
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1m (1'0.'10Ba opJIa) II3 pHAa IOiKHO-
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HCI;QTOpOe cBoe06pa3IIe caBpOMaT-
CROro ;meplIHoro CTII.TJH orrpep;e.TJHJIOCb
TaKiKC ero TeCHoR CBIl3bIO C 300MOPiP-
HbIMR II306paiKeHRHMII anaHblIHCKOH
KYJILTypbI TIplIKaMLH II CpeJ\Hero Ypa-
JIa 17, 'ITO oc06eHHO XOpOIIIO rrpep;CTaB-
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II306pameHIIeM rOJIOBbI Mep;BeJ\H B iPac,
C KorTHMII nepeJ\HllX .larr OI,OJIO MOPJ\bI
mlIBOTHoro (pIIC. 4. 6) rra Ka6aHbeM
KJThIKe II3 HOBO-IIpIIBo.lbHoro (IIo-
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CTBeHHOCTL MemJ\Y caBpoMaTcKIIM 3Be-
plIHbIM CTIIJIeM II 300MOpiPHbIM CTIIJIeM
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Ha Bem;ax npeJ\CTaB.leH :ma'IllTeJILHO
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(pRC. 6, 3, 4), nOJ\BeCKax II HaBepmlI1IX
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21 - qepHHrOBcKHtl CMarHHTorOpCK); 22 - Ta-
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B caMOM KOHn;e I TbIC. p;o H. 3. II pac-
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88
I K. ([>. CMUP1£08. CaBpOMaTbi. \\f., 1964,
CTp. 216.
If. B. CUnUlfbl1£. TIaMHTHIfKII HIfmHero llo-
BOJImbIl CKII<po-capMaTcKoro BpeMeHif.
«TpYAbI CapaToBcKoro 06iIacTIIoro MY3eIl
KpaeBeAeIfWI. ApxeoJIorlI'leCKIfll C60pHIfK ,
Bbill. 1. CapaToB, 1956, CTp. 34-37;
pliC. 12, 1.
3 II. C. Pbl»08. CYCJIOBCRIIH RypraHHbIll MO-
rIlJIbHIIR. .YqeHbIe 3anliCKif CapaToBcKoro
roc. YHIIBepcIITeTa_, T. IV, BbIn. III. Ca-
paToB, 1925, CTp. 29 II puc. 17.
. M. H. Pocr08lfe8. KypraHHbIe HaxollKII
OpeH6yprcKoII 06JIaCTli 3IIOXII paHHero If
n03AHerO 3JIJIIfHII3Ma. MAP, M 37. llrp.,
1918, Ta6JI. VII, pliC. 4-
5 K. ([>. CMUP1£08, B. r. IIerpe1£"o. CaBpOMa-
TbI llOBOJImbJl II lOmHoro llpIfypaiIbIl.
CAM, Al-9. M., 1963, Ta6JI. 26, pliC. 3.
8 K. ([>. CMUp1£08, B. r. IIerpe1£"o. YKa3.
COq., Ta6J1. 21, pliC. 6.
7 TaM me, pliC. 4, 5.
8 TaM me, Ta6JI, 17, pliC. 51.
. K. ([>. CMUP1£08. CaBpoMaTbI, CTp. 326, 327,
pliC. 33; pliC. 371, pliC. 80, 1.
10 K. ([>. CMUP1£08. B. r. IIerpe1£"o, YKa3.
COq., Ta6JI. 17, pliC. 56 II 64.
11 B. N. Grakov.Monuments de la culture
scythique entre Ie Volga et les monts
aural. ESA, III. Helsinki, 1928.
12 C. II. TOAcr08. llo ApeBHIIM AeJIbTaM OKca
U HRcapTa. M., 1962, CTp. 185, pliC. 106;
on :J/Ce. CpeAHea311aTcRife CRII<pbI B CBPTe
HOBellmlix apxeoJIorUqeCKIiX OTKpbITIIrr.
BAI1, 1963, M 2, CTp. 38, pIfC. 11; C. ll.
TOAcr08, M. A. Hru1£a. CaKIi HII30Bben
Cblp-Aapbu. CA, M 2, 1966, pliC. 7, 15, 16,
17, 18.
13 A. X. MapeYAa1£, K. A. A"UlUe8, M. b:.
Kaoblp6ae8, A. M. 0p036ae8. ApeBHlI1I
RYJIbTypa eHTpaiIbHoro Ka3a:o.:cTalla.
AJIMa-ATa, 1966, CTp. 303.
.. C. H. Pyoe1£"o. KYiIbTypa HaCeJICllIIII for-
Horo Ail Tall B CKIf<pCKoe BpeMIi. M.- .1..
1953; 01£ :J/Ce. KYiIbTypa HaceiIellllIl QPHT-
paJIbHOrO AJITaIl B CKIf<pCKoe Bre [II. .1..
1960.
IS K. ([>. CM.UP1£08, B. r. llerpell"o. YI;a:o.
COq., Ta6iI. 26, pliC. 16, 18, 21, 24.
18 M. r. MOlU,,08a. llaMIlTHIiKIl IIPOXOPOR-
CKOll KYJIbTypbI. CAI1, Al-10. M., 1963.
CTp. 234, pliC. 6, 81'; K. C/J. CM.UPII08. B T.
IIerpe1£"o, YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 17. pIIC. 27.
42, 49, 63.
17 A. B. 36pye8a. I1CTOpifIl HaceiIellHII !lllll-
RaMbIl B aHaHbllHCKYIO 3noxy. \\fHA, ;N; :\0.
1952, CTp. 136.
IS K. ([>. CMUP/l,08. HOBbIe capMaTCEIIP na-
MIlTHIiKIt Ha BY3YJIYRe. KCMA, M 89. ,I.
1962, CTp. 86, pIfC. 32, 5.
\9 M. H. Apra."01£08. PaCKOII!{If KypraHoB Ha
p. MaHbIqp B 1937 r. CA, T. XI, 1949,
CTp. 321, pIfC. 18.
00 M. r. MOlU"08a. Y"a3. COq., Ta6JI. 26,
pIfC. 13-18.
21 OAR, 1902 r. CII6., 1904, CTp. 138, 139,
pilC. 246-252; H, Bepxu1£ (3acelf»aSl).
CapMaTcKoe norpe6eHife y c. CaJIaMaTIiHo.
Cf3, T. XV. J1., 1959, CTp. 37-41.
00 B. II. illUA08. llorpe6eHifIl capMaTcKoH
3HaTif I B. AO H. 3.- I B. H. 3. cr3, T. IX.
J1., 1956, CTp. 42-45.
" O. M. Dalton. The Treasure of the Oxus.
London, 1964, pI. XX, fig. 136, 137.
" K. ([>. CMUP1£08. 3araARli OpCKIiX Rypra-
HOB. «HaYKa U mII3Hb», 1971, .N! 12,
CTp. 94-96 ( BeTHaIl BCTaBKa); K. ([>.
CMUp1£08, T. H. Ca8eJl.be8a. BiIIfiKHeBOCToq-
HbIe ApeBHocTIi Ha lOmHoM YpaJIe. BAM,
1972, M 3, CTp. 116, pHC. 6.
25 A. H. MaA08Ulfc"aSl. CapMaTCKlill 3Bepll-
HbIll CTlliIb. ABTOpe<p. KaHA. AIICC. J1., 1967.
28 A. II. CMUP1£08. HOBbIlI CapMaTCRlIll Mo-
rllJIbHIIK B BopOHe)I(CKOII 06JIaCTU. BAM,
1940, M 3-4, CTp. 363-366; H. Bepxu1£
(3acelf"aSl). YRa3. COq., CTp. 37-41; B. II.
illUJl.08. YKa3. COq" CTp. 42-45.
27 A. CnUlfbl1£. <I>aiIapbl lOmHoII POCCIIU.
MAK, Bbln. 29. Cll6., 1909, CTp. 18-53;
C. H. KanOlUU1£a. QeHHbIe HaxoAKIi apxeo-
JIOrOB B palloHe HOBOqepKaccRa. BAH,
M 3, 1963, CTp. 128-130; O1£a :J/Ce. A. Sar-
mati an Royal Burial Grave at Novocher-
kassk. «Antiquity», vol. XXXVI, 1963,
pp. 256-258.
28 C. H. PyfJe1£"o. KYJIbTypa HaCeJIeHIIJI rop-
Horo AJITaIl.., CTp. 102, pliC. 55; CTp. 139,
pliC. 82-83; CTp. 275, pliC. 158, 159; Ta6JI.
I, 3; IX, 8, 9; XII, 2; CXl, 01£ :J/Ce. KYJIb-
Typa HaceiIeHIfH eHTpaJIbHorO AnTaIl..,
CTp. 46, pIIC. 21; CTp. 47, pliC. 22; CTp. 265,
pIfC. 136; Ta6iI. XCVII, 4.
09 P. A., BbIn. III. Cll6., 1890, CTp. 134-140,
pliC. 152-158, 169, 164; S. I. Kaposhina.
YKa3. COq.
30 C. H. Pyden"o. CIf6HpCKaIl KOiIiIeK 1I11
lleTpa I. CAI1, A3-9. M.- J1., 1962.
'I M. II. rpR3/1,08. ApeBHellmlle naMHTHIfKIf
repOllqeCKOrO 3IIoca HapoAoB lOmHoII CIf-
6Ifpll. ACf3, BbIlI. 3. JI., 1961.
32 K. M. C"aA01£. I1300pameHife mUBOTHbIX
Ha Kepa !lIKe capMaTcKoH RYJIbTypbI.
T0I1llK3, T. I. J1., 1941; M, II. A6paM08a.
a KepaMIfKe C 300 lOp<pHbIMIi pyqKaMif.
CA, 1969, x 2.
33 B. A. lIur8u1£c"uu. KaHrlOlIcKo-capMaT-
cKIIB: <papH. AymaH6e, 1968.
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BIiIO reOMeTpll'leCKHX .pOpM O'leBb Ha-
rJlHAHO BblpameHO Ba 6JIJlIDKe 113 RYP-
raHa 9 y c. ,l.J;ypoBKa (pIiC. 5, 4), rJle
MecTHbIii MaCTep npeBpaTIiJI a6cTpaKT-
HOro (meTymKa) BO BnOJIHe peaJIblIbIii:.
XOTH II opHaMeBTaJlbHO TpaKTOBanliblll
MOTIIB KOBcKon rOJIOBKH.
B QeJlOM sBepum.m CTBJIb CpeABero
,l.J;oHa IV-III BB. AO B. a. npOTHBOCTO-
liT rOCIIOACTByro eii. B CKII.pCKOM IICKYC-
CTBe JlHHnU pa3BHTHH, BeJJ;yITJ;eii. R pac-
naJl,y OpraBH'leCKHX .pOpM II AeKopaTIIB-
Bon opHaMeHTaJIHsaQIIII. TIpaBllJIbHee
6YAeT paCCMaTpHBaTb ero RaK ocooblii
BapHaBT CKH.pCKOro 3BepliHoro CTIIJIH,
paBH03Ha'ldMH, HanpUMep, IICKYCCTBY
CHBAo-MeOTCKHX nJIeMeH TIpHKy6aHbH
3Toro me BpeMeHH. Oc06eHHOCTH ml'
xYAomeCTBeHBoro MeTOAa 11306pamCIIIIH
mliBOTBblX y WIeMeH CpeABero TIo-
ABenpOBbH He BblXOAHT sa paMKH reHe-
paJIbBOB Jl'HHIIB pa3BIITIIJI CRII4>CKOro
3BepHHoro CTIIJIH. OTMe l leHUbie pa3J111-
'111J1 MemA)' npaB06epemHOB II JlCBO
6epemHon rpynnaMIi u306pa3UTe.lb-
Hbix naMJlTHHROB npeACTaBJIHIOTCH na!>!
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"06 36epUHoao crUAA V 6. iJo H. 3. U3 CpeiJ-
Heao noiJoHbA U CpeiJHeao noiJHenp06bJ/:
1 - c. BaCOBK8, Kypr. U9; 2, 4, 6 - _tIacThI"
H}prao....' non BopOOeH<OM. Kypr. 7; 3 - C 1I.',,-
BHOOU{H, Kypr. 108 .l .5 - C_ 'IIaHeeBKa, Hypr 91.
7 - c. BonomaR HOnOBOBlia, MoronbBHIi .[{. K)"pr
198; 8 - .'I8CTh1e praKhh', Kypr. ; 9 - C. Ah-
CIOTHOIIH, ypo CTafiHoo Bepx, HYI,r I:'
10 - _'-I8CTh1e Kypr8Bh1., Kypr. 1010; 11. I -
POMeocKofI ye8n. 08 KypraOOB; 12, 14 - .'{acThI"
Hypr80...., Kypr. 7; 13 - C BepecToRrH. Hypr
16 - .'-I8CTh1e Kypr80"''', Hypr. 37,15; 1-16-
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TaKHM 06pa30M, npH3HaBaH peaJIb-
BOCTb cym;ecTBOBaHUJI B necocTenHoii:
30ue Tpex nOl\aJIbBHX paeOHOB 3Bepu-
Horo CTunH, cnep;yeT pa3nU'IaTb IlX no
CTeneHU xyp;omecTBeHHoe caHOCTOH-
Te.:IbHOCTIl, no OTHomemno R OCHOBHOMY
nanpaBJIeHHIO pa3BIlTHJI CIGI:<pCl\oro RC-
KYCCTBa. TIpaBHnbHoe onpep;enmme rny-
6UHbi H XapaI(Tepa paann'lIIll: Memp;y
JIOKanbHblMR rpynnaMu U BapHaHTaMU
CKII<PCI\Oro HCKYCCTBa B03MomHO Tonb-
1\0 npH 0606m;emm H aHaJIB3e Bcero
u306pa3BTenbHoro HaTepRana UB Ce-
BepHoro TIpH'IepHOMOpbH, 'ITO He BXO-
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All Cpei}nezo llOOOHbJl IV-HI 66. i}o H. 3.
J. 6. J2 - (,qaCThIe KypraObl>'. I<ypr. 1 (BYAK);
2 - ,,'IaCTLIe KypmBLI.. I<ypr. 1112; 8 - c. Pyc-
CKaH TpoCTHHl<a, Kypr. 10; 4 - c. p;YPOBKa.
Kypr. II; S - "qacTLIe l<ypraHhI.. Kypr. \I; 7-
C. PYCCKaH TPOCTJlOKa. Kypr. 14; 8 - c. MacTIO-
rROO, Kypr. 1 (11108 r.); 9 - c. MacTlOI"HBo. Kypr.
3 /39; JO, IJ - c. MacTlOrooo, COOpLi A. A. CUR-
ItLI08 11105 r.; J-8, JJ, J2 - OpOB3a; 9 - KOCTb;
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neao 1I0i}nenp06bll IV-HI 66. 00 H. 3.
J - c. UaCThlJlCKDe. YPD'IHIIle ranyIlIRHo. Kypr. 2;
S. 8 - c. mypoBK8, Kypr. "'; S. 4. 6 - c. Bon-
KODItLI. Kypr. 1 (18117 r.); S - c. Mamn-JIIIJI.LI-
IRR'lD. J<ypr.; '1- c. HomeB8Toe. Kypr.:
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I H. B. fleCrpsuw8a. CIUI<pCKOe IICKYCCTBO
IIoAHenpOBbH VI-III BB. AO H. 3. ABTO'
pe<p. KaHA. AIICC. J1., 1956.
2 A. [{. [{ 0p08Ul<a. K BOIIPOCY 06 B3yqeHIIII
Ce III6paTHlix KypraHoB. CA, 1957, N2 2,
CTp. 185.
3 A. H. Me.<l0"08a. K Bonpocy 0 B3aIlMOCBH'
3HX CKB<pCKOrO II <ppaKIIIICKoro IICKYCCTBa
3BepilHoro CTIIJIIi. (Te311CbI AOKJIaAOB I II
BcecolO3HoII KOH<pepeH 1I11 IIO BOlIpoca I
CKII<po-capMaTCKOB apXeOJIoruB». M., 1972.
< B. r. flerpel<"o. npaB06epembe CpeAuero
npliAHelIpOBbH B V-III BB. AO H. 3. CAI1,
BbIn. A1-4. M., 1967, CTp. 57; B. A. mpa....
"0. K Bonpocy 0 3HaqeHilil KYJIbTYPIlO'XO-
3HUCTBeUHblX oc06eHHocTeII CTelIHOU II .1Ie-
cocTelIHou CKII<pBB. (IIp06JIeMbi CKII<pCKOU
apxeoJIol'llIl». M., 1971, CTp. 100-102.
5 HeAaBHO II. A. J1116epoB BbiCTYlIliJI 3a BbI-
AeJIeHlle lIaMHTHIlKOB 3BepBHoro CTIIJIH
CpeAHero nOAOHbH B oc06yIO JIOKaJIbHYIO
rpYlIny (fl- If JIu6ep08. ApeBHHH IICTO'
pliH HaCeJIeHIIH IIOAOHbH. ABTOpe<p. AOKT.
AlIcc. M., 1971, CTp. 37).
6 (ApXeOJIoriH YKpaiHcKoi PCP», T. II.
/:." KlliB, 1971, CTp. 76, KapTa 2.
I 71A. H. m"yp"o. 06 u306pa/KeHUU cBepHYB'
'--/ merOCH B KOJIL O XII HUKa B IlCKYCCTBC
JIeCOCTelIHOII CKU<pUU. CA, 1969, oN! 1,
CTp. 33.
6 CMeJIa, I, Ta6JI. XII; CMeJIa, II, CTp. 132,
puc. 12, 13; CTp. 136, pUC. 21; A. H. Te.
peI<OJK"ul<. IIpeAcKu<pcKIlII neplioA Ha
AHerrpOnrT:rm IIpaDoO"!''';!;be. KueB, 1961,
CTp. 136, pliC. 90, 2.
9 B. A. H..f.bUI<CKaJl.. 06pa3 KOmaqLero XlIm'
HUKa B paHHeCKB<pCKOM UCKYCCTBe. CA,
1971, M 2, CTp. 78-80, pllC. 7, 1; 8, 1. 3;
CMeJIa, III, Ta6JI. XI, 3.
'0 B onpeAeJIeHIlU 1I0pOAbI nIIX mUBOTHbIX
MbI pa3AeJIHeM MHeHue II aprYMeHTa IIIO
B. A. llIpaMKo (B. A. mpaM"o. K BOIIpO'
cy 0 3HaqeHIIII..., CTp. 102).
11 CM. TaKme: B. A. H..bUI<C"aR. CKU<pbI AIle.
IIpoBcKoro .1IeCOCTenHoro J1eB06epemhH.
KHeB, 1968, TaOJI. XIV, 17; nOJI. XXXIV,
2,3.
IZ A. A. Heccel<. HeKoTopble IlaMHTlIllIiIl
VIIl- VII BB. AO H. 3. Ha Ce"PIHIO I KaB-
Ka3e. BCCA. M., 1954, CTp. 114, pliC. 2. 3:
G. Borovka. Scythian Art. London, 192R.
tabl. 32, A, F, G.
13 C leJIa, III, Ta6JI. VII, 5.
I< C I. TaKme KOCTHHbIe nca.-IIIH 113 l;ypraHa
407 y C. mYPoBKa (HAI\, BbIn. 14, 1905.
CTp. 33, pUc. 76).
15 C L TaKme: HAR, BblII. 17. Cn6., 1905.
CTp. 87, pUC. 131; B. A. Il.!bUIIC1WR. CIiU-
<pbI.., Ta6JI. XIV, 19; XXXV, 18.
16 B. A. I1.'1bnHCKaH nOKa3a.'1a Ha JIerOCTen-
110M MaTepUaJIe aHaJIOrllqHYIO TpaHC<pOp-
Ia IlIO 3allMCTBOBaHHOro 06pa3a ropHoro
"03.11a B 11306pameHIIH, 6JIU3KUe JIomaAB
llJIII JIOCIO (B. A. H..f.bUI<C"aR. HeKoTopble
IOTIlBbI paHIlecKII<pcKoro 3BepuHoro CTU-
.-JH. CA, 1965, oN! 1, CTp. 97).
11 IlIlIpoKoe' paciipocTpalieHlie nol'o MOTB-
Ba B apXaBQeCKOM CKU<pCKOM 3BepilHoM
CTIIJIe He pa3 OTMeqaJIOCb B. A. I1JIbBH-
CKOU, XOTH II C HeKOTopblM npeYBeJIllqe-
HueM (B. A. H..f.bUI<C"aR. HeKoTopble 1010-
TIfBbI..., CTp. 89; ol<a JKe. KYJIbTOBbie me3-
.-JbI CKII<pcKoro U npeAcKII<pcKoro BpeMeHB.
(,HODOe B cOBeTcKoB apxeoJIorllu». M., 1965,
CTp. 206; Ol<a JKe. 30JIOTi IIpllKpaCB
cIiiq)cbKoro apxaiQHoro y60PY. (ApxeoJIo-
riH", Blln. 4. KUlB, 1971, CTp. 73.
18 C Ie.1la, I, Ta6JI. VI, 11; CMeJIa, II, Ta6JI.
XIII, 4; CMeJIa, III, Ta6JI. XVIII, 2; I1AK,
Bbln. 14, CTp. 34, pUC. 79.
19 B. A. H..f.bUI<C"aR. CKU<pbI.., CTp. 156, 159,
pUC. 42, 5.
'0 I1peACTaB.1IHeTCH cnopHblM OTHeceHue K JIe-
B06epemHblM lIaMHTHUJ{aM 30JIOTOII <puryp-
KIl OJIeHH MUHyclIHcKoro TUlIa, 0IIy6JIUKO-
BaBHOII M. 36epTOM KaK npoucXOAHmeB
Il3 IIoJITaBcKOII ry6epHuu (RLV, XII,
Ta6JI. 39 F, B). OHa 0lIy6JIUKOBaHa BlIep-
DbIe X. llIMUATOM KaK aKcnOHaT Ape3AeH-
Clioro AJIbDepTuHuYMa 6e3 yRa3aHUH Me-
CTa HaxobKu (PZ, Bd. 18, Heft. 1-2, Ber-
lin, 1927, S. 80, taf. 7, 2).
21 B. A. HAbUHCKaR. CKII4JhI.., Ta6n. IV, 6,
.9; B. A. mpaM"o. ApeBHocTu CeBepcKoro
AOH a. XapbKoB, 1962, CTp. 182, 184,
puc 1, 21.
G' .1[. fl. BR3bMurul<a. PaHHue lIaMHTHBKU
CKII<pCKorO 3BepuHoro CTUJIIi. CA, 1963,
oN! 2, CTp. 158.
23 B. A. H.ltbUnCKaR. CKu4JhI'h' CTp. 44, puc.
22, 2; Ta6JI. III, 3, 4.
4 TaM me, Ta6JI. XX, 11; XXXV, 16; XXXIX,
4.
-' B. A. l....illcb"a. IIpo cKi<pcbKi HaBepmHu-
Iill. (ApxeoJIoriH», T. XV. KUlB, 1963,
np. 55.
'.; G. Borovka. Scythian Art, p. 65; K. Sche-
fold. Del' skythische Tierstil in Siidruss-
land. ESA, XII, 1938, p. 65-70; B. A. H..f.b-
IIHCIIaH. HeI;OTopbIe IOTUBbi paHHecKII<p-
n;oro 3Be p II,oro CTII.1IH. CA, 1965, N2 1,
np. 86.
" B. A. H..bUI<I<aR. CKII, <pbl... CTp. 111.
1r.\K, Bbm. 14, 1905, CTp. 27, puc. 65;
B. r. II erpel<"o. npaBooepembe CpeAHero
I1pUi1HenpoBbH..., Ta6.11. 19, 24.
I a l me, CTp. 57; B. A. IJI.-JiHcbKa. IIpo
'Iii<pcbKi HaBepmHuKu..., CTp. 56, puc. 7.
.,.. (" H. [{a nOUlUIla. a CKH<pCKIIX 3JIeMeHTax
B KYJIbType OJIbBIIU. MI1A, oN! 50, 1956,
CTp. 183-184. .
31 M. H. ApraMol108. COKpOBlIma CKII<pCKUX
KypraHOB. npara. 1966, pUC. 35, 77, Ta6JI.
74, 92, 115, 194, 231, 321; C. If. [{anowu-
I<a. iKa3. COq., CTp. 185, pUC. 23, 1-4;
A. M. J1ecKoB. HOBbie COKPOBllma Kypra-
HOB iKpaIIHbI. J1., 1972, Ta6JI. 12, 13, 34;
A. ll. Mal<lfe8u_. AepeBHHlIbIe COCYI(bI
CKU<pCKOft 3nOXII. ACf3, BbllI. 8. J1., 1966,
CTp. 29, pliC. 4, 14 U 28, 11 U 18.
31 B. A. IJ.!bllllc"aR. CKII<pbI..., Ta6JI. XXVIII,
10; XLVII 8; B. A. IJ..bUI<C1>aR. na IHT'
HIIKII CKII JCKOro DpeMelI1I B 6acceuBe
p. ncna. CA, XXVII, 1957, CTp. 235,
pIIC. 1. 5; CMe.1la, III, Ta6JI. X, 4.
33 B. r. lleTpel<"o. BpoH30BaH 6JIHXa C 1'0.110,
BOB rpu<pOHa. KCI1A, BbllI. 89, 1962,
CTp. 54; H. M. Bo"uu. Apxeo.1l0mQeCKIIe
pa60Tbi IIa KIfpoBorpaAmUlIe B 1968 r.
«Apxeo.lorIlQeCKIIe uccneAoBaHUH Ha YK-
pallHe B 1968 1'.», BbllI. III. KueB, 1971,
CTp. 156. pilC. 1, 2.
.. B. A. IJ.tbUI<C"aR. CKU<pbI..., Ta6JI V 5'
CMeJIa, III, TaDn. X, 6; A", VI, T GJI.' II:
409.
35 I1AK, BbIlI. 4, 1902, CTp. 42, puc. 15.
36 B. A. l1.tbUIlc"aR. CKU<PbI..., Ta6JI. LVI, 2.
37 TaM me. Ta6JI. XXVIII, 12; ol<a ;}ICe. IIa-
MHTIIlIIiII CKu<pcKoro BpeMeHu B 6acceiiIIe
p. IIcna, np. 237, puc. 2, 12.
38 G. Borot'ka. YRa3. COq., Ta6Jl. 32, E.
39 I1AK. BbIn. 14, CTp. 13, puc. 24; CTp. 26
pIIC. 59.
<0 I1AK, BbIn. 14, CTp. 15, pUC. 33; B. r. ller-
pel<"o. I1paBoDepembe CpeAHero IIpuAHe-
npOBbH. TaO.1l. 31, 5, 9, 12. 19.
<I E. B. lJepl<ell"o. IIorpe6eHue C opymlleM
II3 IIeKpOnO.1lH HIIM<peH. (ApeBIIOcTu Bo.
CTOqHOrO l\pbIMa». KlIeB, 1970. CTp. 195,
pIIC. 3; If. B. Hlfel<"o. CKU<pUH VII- V Be-
KOB 110 lIampu :Jpbl. M., 1959, CTp. 59,
n6JI. V. 4: O. r. manOWI<U"08a. I1orpe-
oPHlle CIiIl(jJcIIoro BOIIHa Ha p. I1HrYJI. CA,
1970. .\, 3. CTp. 212, pllC. 5.
lot B. A. 1I.l/JIJII.CKaR. CRu4JhI..., Ta6Jl. XXXI,
11.
., Ta 1 ;!;!'. Ta6.11. X, 7 II Ta6JI. XXVIII, 11.
.. ll. 1f,. .711liep08. IIaMHTHuKIl CKII<pcKOro
Bpe IPIIII lIa CpeAHeM AOHY. CAI1, BbIn.
A1-31 \1. 1965, Ta6.11. 24, 2.
., B. r. T/rTpelt"o. IIpaB06epembe CpellHero
IIpll:Illr'npOBbH, Ta6.11. 27, 25.
<6 B. A. lI.fbllI<C"aR. CKU<pbI.., TaO.1l. XVI, 4;
XXVIII. 3-6; XLIV.
47 G. Bor0/'ka. Yl\a3. COq., Ta6JI. 17 1 C, lI., e.
_8 B. A If.ThllH.fIWR. CRI1(pbI..., CTp. 133.
.. B. r. T/prpell/w. YKa3. COq., Ta6.11. 31, 8;
37. 5 II 17: E. B. fJepl<el<"o. CKII<pCKUB
Aocnex hIleB, 1968, CTp. 67, pUC. 36.
104
'0 H. A. Ol<au"o. AIlTllqllbIii IDmopT II lIpu-
AlIelIpOBbe II n06Ymbe B VII- V BD.
AO H. 3. CAI1, BbllI. A1-27. M., 1966,
CTp. 33.
51 G. Borovka. Ylia3. COq., Ta6JI. 16, a, ]1.;
E. B. fJ epnen"o. YKa3. COQ., CTp. 68,
pliC. 37.
52 liAR, BhIII. 54, 1914, CTp. t01, puc. 2; B. r.
flerpel<"o. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 26, 22.
53 B. A. H..f.bUI<C"aR. CKU<pbI..., Ta6.11. XVII,
9 II XXVIII, 7; B. A. H..bUIlC/iUR. [[a IRT-
IIUKII CKu<pcKoro BpeMelln B oaccelIlIe
p. IIce.1l, CTp. 237, pliC. 2, 11, 13.
" B. r. llerpel<"o. YI;a3. CO''-, Tau.l. 29, 15,
19, 20, 27; Ta6JI. 30, 7, 8, 11, 14-21.
55 M. H. ApraM01<08. COKPOBIfma CIiI!!jJCKIiX
KypraHoB, prrc. 20, Ta6JI. 75, 125, !'t5, 186,
187; H. B. H1Iel<"0. CKII<pcKIIe llorpe6e-
HUH 6JIU3 HorallCKa. BA", 1956, oN! 1,
CTp. 159, pilC. 2; I1AK, BbIn. 56. 1914,
CTp. 226, plIC. 14.
58 BpOH30BaH 6JIHXa U3 Kyprana I (1886 r.)
Y C. AKcIOTnH bI IIOKa3hIBaeT eIl\!' n[1o IP'
mYTOqHbIII IOMeHT B COII lCmeHIIII 06ellx
JIalI (B. A. H..f.bUI<C"aR. CKII<pbI..., Ta6JI.
XVII, 11. Cp.: CMe.1la, III, CTp. 130,
pUC. 68).
57 TaM /Ke, Ta6JI. XLIX, 3.
58 TaM /Ke, CTp. 120.
59 B. A. H..f.bUI<C"aR. CKU<pbI..., CTp. 135,
Ta6JI. V, 19; CMe.1la, III, T36.11. X, 13: B. r.
llerpel<"o. YKa3. COq., Ta6.11. 30, 9, 10.
60 B. B. lluorp08c"uU. I1CKYCCTBO YpapTY.
J1., 1962, CTp. 120; A. H. m"ypKO. 00 1130'
6pa/KeHUU CBepHYBmerOCH B KO.%I\O XUm-
IIUKa..., CTp. 37.
61 B. H. rpa,,08. '-III Ma.1la O.lblliH TOprOIlP.1Ib-
Hi 3HOCUIIII 3 IIOBOJImHM i 11 p"ypa.1HM B
apxaiqHY Ta K.1IaCCUQHY eno:\u? (,Apxeo-
JIorill», I. KUIB, 1947, CTp. 3:\: K. (/). CMUP-
1<08. CaBpOMaTbI. M., 1964, np. 2S9-261.
82 B. A. H..blIl<CKaR. CIiH<PbI.... np. 143,
Ta6JI. XXXIII, 16-21; XXXVII. 1-11.
63 B. A. mpa.""o. 06 113rOTOII.11' 11 II II 30.110-
TbiX YKpameHIlU peMeC!lPJ!III!Ii \111 CKII-
<PUU. CA, 1970, oN! 2, np. 27. _
6< CMeJIa, I, TaOJI. X. .9: C II''-Ia !!. TanJI. X,
6; A", II, Ta6.11. XXIV, No Wii. '.1 1. 414;
Ta6JI. XXVI, oN! 440.
65 AI1, II, TaO.1l. XVIII, ,N', 31 : ,lIl. VI,
Ta6JI. II, N. 40'; II TafJ.l. IV. J\, "I n: B. r.
llerpel<"o. 'Ka3. COq., Tali.l. :> . 7. 7R.
66 All, II, Ta6:I. XIX, N.320(a).
67 ll. 1f,. JIu6ep08, ApeBIIHH TlCTO!<i'" 1I {"l'JIe-
fllIH IIOAOHbH..., CTp. 29-:\7.
68 B. H. rpaK08. 3aMeTliIl 110 {"IiIl'J>" cap IaT-
CKOU apxeo.l0rllII. (,HOROP " c'<i"'T. "Oll ap.
xeOJIorllll». MI1A, oN! 1:\0. 195.',. np. 215.
A. n. MeJ1IOKOBa
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raihlaIlOBa MOrnJIa, TOJICTaR: MOrlIJla 11
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RllKaMll IIOCJIe,a;HllX 6hIJIll, KaK rOBopll-
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KB KOHn;a VI B. ,a;o H. 3. He IIOJIyqllB
pa3BllTllII Ha CKH«PCKOll IIOqBe, 3TOT
BB,a; Y3,a;eqHhIX YKpaIIIemIii pa:Jpa6aTbI-
BaeTCII ,a;aJIbIIIe II o«pop laHeTclI Ha
CBOll MaHep «ppaKBHn;aMll. B TaKOM Bll-
,a;e OH BOCIIpBHllMaJICH CKlI«pCI<IlMB TO-
l'eBTaMll IV B. AO H. 3., 110ApamaBIIIll-
Mll «ppaKllnCKIfM 06pa;3n;a 1 II llMeHHO
TeM 113 HllX, KOTopbIe, OqeIlIlAHO, 60JIb-
me ,a;pyrnx COOTBeTCTBOBa.111 OCTaJIb-
HbIM IIpe,a;MeTaM, BxoAllBIII11M B rapHH-
TYP Y3,a;eQHbIX YKparneHIIH (I{paCHO-
KYTCKHR KypraH, KypraH J{03eJI).
B 3TOR CBII311 CJIe,a;yeT :uHleTllTb, QTO
B CKH«pCKHX KOMl1JIeKCax HeT 6JIHX C
paCTHTeJIbHbIM Y30PO I, TaImX, KaK
HaR,a;eHHbIe B KJIaAe 11;1 hpaROBbI,
· M. Rostovtzell. Iranians and (;reeks. Ox-
ford, 1922, CTp. 88.
"2 K. Schelold. Del' Skythische Tierstil in
Siidrusland. ESA XII 1936 S 3:;
3 B. l1>uA.oe. fIaMfiTIII!l(1I II pa "ifcI<OTO
1I31,YCTBO. 111JAJJ.. VI, 19 I . ("fp. 30.
Heanoe Ar. "'fuJI ee. 8T!1I14('('';IIP II Iiy.1b-
TypHblC CBf"'!! MCml\y <pp<lI"liiua !!I II CKIf-
<paM" R VIII-VI liB. ;10 II. .. ABTOpe<p.
Allcc. J1., '1949.
, /!,. fl. /!,u.M.urpoe. Mawplla:IIIi\T<I I;YJIbTypa
U II3IiYCTBOTO na TpalillTl' "pe:J pallllaTa
eJiIfHIfCTIfqeCiia erroxa. (, A pXl'o:JOI"IfqeCI<If
OTKpblTIfIi II B"bJII"apllll", C0<pIIH, 1957,
CTp. 64.
.. H. BeneaU/we. TIpel\axe I('1I1I.1C1-al HpaH 11
TpalillH. HAl1. XXXI. 'I\iW. CTp. 5-43;
on J/Ce. TopeBT!llia B ""BqJOIICTOqHa
TpaKIfH. HHMB, T. IV 1\ 1:\). BaplIa,
1968, CTp. .3-45; I. Venerlil.,,,. L'art thra-
ce et I'art achemenide. .\,'1,,, /.Iu premier
Congres international d,', ,'I"deO' balkani-
ques et sud-est Europeenll"'. \'01. II. So-
B Bpe30Be llJIll JIYKOBHTe (pHC. 11, 6,
8); He IIpllMeHHJIllCb H 6JIIIXII C TpeMII
rOJIOBKaMll OpJIllHbIX rpll«pOHOB B IIpO-
«pllJIb, TaKlle, KaK Hall,a;eHHLle B Bpan;e
llJIll AfJ,JRllrnOJIe (pHC. 11, 10, 11).
Bce CKa3aHifoe BbIme IIOBBOJUleT
npHHTH K 3aKJIIOQeHHIO, QTO IIOIIBJIeHHe
BO <1>paKHll plI,a;a IIpe,a;MeTOB, BCIIOJI-
HeHHhIX B 3BepHHOM CTllJIe, 6bIJIO
BbI3BaHO II CTHMYJIllpOBaJIOCb B03p;eHcT-
BlleM cKH«pcKoro llCKYCCTBa, npOIIIe,a;-
IIIero K TOMY BpeMeHH yme 3HaQHTeJIb-
HbIR IIyTb pa3BllTlllI. B IV B. AO H. 3.,
CKopee OKOJIO cepe,a;HHbI CTOJIeTHII,
Ha6JIIO,a;aeTCII 06paTHhIR npon;ecc -
BJIHIIHHe Ha CKH«pCKHe IIpOB3Be,a;eHHR
«ppaKHRCKoro xy,a;omeCTBeHHoro TBOp-
QeCTBa.
B3allMOCBII311 Mem,a;y CKH«PCKHM 11
«ppaKHRCKllM llCKYCCTBOM 3BepHHoro
CTHJIII He CJIYQallHbI, a BIIOJIHe 3aKO-
HOMepHbI. OHB 06"bIICHIIIDTCII TeCHbIMH
KOHTaKTaMH ,a;BYX coce,a;HHX Hapo,a;OB,
6JIH3KHX IIO ypOBHIO COn;llaJIbHOrO II
3KOHOMhQeCKOrO pa3BHTHII. 3TH KOH-
TaKTbI OTpa311JIllCb He TOJIbKO B HCKYC-
CTBe, HO 11 B MaTepllaJIbHOll II ,a;YXOB-
HOR KYJIbType CKB«pOB B «ppaKHRn;eB.
.. D. Berciu. Arm traco-getica, p. '18, f. 2-6.
IS N. Fettich. Del' Skythische Fund von
Gartschinowo. AH, XV, 1'934.
'6 r. A. HyaeJlb.M.an II 9. A. PUK.M.Qn. HaBep-
mile I! KJIaJJ; cepe6pIIHblx YKpaI1IeIfl!ii
CRI!cpCKOro BpeMeHif 1!3 MOJIJJ;aBifif.
HM<PAH, oM 4(31). KllmIfHeB, '1956, CTp.
129, Ta6JI. t.
'7 D. Berciu. Arta traco-getica, p. 26-32.
16 A. Godar. Umetnost Irana. Iugoslavija,
Beograd, 1965, pI. 106.
19 A. If. MeA. 10 Koea. BoopymeHne CKU<PoB.
CAH, BbIrr. Al-4, 1964, Ta6JI. 5; 15, 6; 17;
19, ]-6.
,. N. Fettich. YI<a3. COq.
"' N. Fettich. YKa3. COq., CTp. 50.
-. K. Schelold. Del' Skythische Tierstil in
Siidrusland. ESA, XII, 1936, S. 40.
" H. BeneaUKoe. TopeBTIfKa B ceBepifOCTOq-
Ifa TpaKIfIl, CTp. 10.
!It TaM me.
U D. Berciu. Arta traco-getica, p. 26-33, 66.
26 TaM me, pllC. 10, 11; 55-65.
27 «113JIom6a TpaKIfiicI>o 1!3RYCTBO . COcpIfll,
1972, '1303; D. Berciu. Arta traco-getica,
fig. 68-70.
.. df3JIOJK6a TpaKl!iicKO H3KYCTBO . p. 131a.
2' N. Fettich. Y"a3. COq.
3. K. Schelold. YI<a3. COq.
3\ H. BeneaUKoe. TopeBTI!Ra B ceBepOIfCTOq-
ITa TpaI<IfIl, CTp. 8-10.
32 M. H. Apra.M.onoe. CI<pOBIfII\a CI<If<pCKIIX
I<ypraHoB. TIpara - J1., 1966, TaaJI. 76-77.
33 H. M. BOKiu. HOBi l!aM'IITI<If cKi<pcbKoro
3BepIfHoro CTIIJIIO 3 KipOBorpaJJ;II\IIIfif. Ap-
xeoJIorill, T. XXII I. KniB, '1970, pIfC. 2.
,. M. H. AprQ.M.onoe. COI<pOBUII\a CKIf<pCIiIfX
KypraIfoB, Ta6JI. 323-325.
" B. r. flerpenKo. TIpaB06epembe CpeJJ;Hero
TIpIlJJ;HerrpoBbli B V-II! BB. AO H. 3. CAH,
BbIn. Al-4. M., 1967, Ta6JI. 16, 6.
36 H. JI. g .#.enoea. CI<If<pCI<Ifii OJIeIfb. MHA,
oM 115, 1962, Ta6JI. III, 29, 30.
37 r. A. HyaeA.b.M.an, 9. A. PUK.M.an. YKa3.
COq., CTp. 129, pllC. 2.
3. M. H. Apra.M.oltoe. COI<pOBIIII\a CI<U<pCI<IIX
I<ypraIIoB, Ta6JI. 6t.
39 H. Schmidt. Skythischer Pferdegeschirr-
schmuck aus einem Silberdepot unbekan-
tel' Herkunff. PZ, XVIII, 1927; K. Malki-
na. Zu dem Skythischen Pferdegeschirr-
schmuck aus Craiova. PZ, XIX, 1928,
S. t. 2.
100 II.. ll. /IUMurpo8. Yha3. COq., CTp. 64-67.
" D. Berciu. Arta traco-getica, p. 33.
" H. BeneaUKoe. HOBOOTI<pIITO TpaKIIHcl;O
MOrllJIHO rrorpeoeHIIe B"bB Bpa a. «Ap.
xeOJIOrIIlI BAH,>, I<1l. 1, 1966, CTp. 7.
43 T. Venedikov. YHa3. COq., CTp. 382.
U B. r. llerpenKo. YHa3. CO'!., Ta6JI. 29, 22.
.. B. A. IJIJIiHcbI<a. KypraH CTapma Morn-
fia, 1969 (archeologie, historie de l'anti-
quite artes). Te JKe lIJJ;ell rrOJIyqIfJIIf oTpa-
JKelllle B KHllre: H. BeneaUKoe, T. repacu-
.M.oe. TpaKnifcKoTo 113KYCTBO CO<pIfIl,1973.
7 D. Berciu. Arta traco-getica. Bucure ti,
1969.
8 D. Berciu. ;'\Ieue Skythische Funde aus
Rumanien und Bulgarien, PZ, XLI, 1963,
S. 190, Ab. 1.
. P. Alexandrescu et V. Eltime. Tombes
thraces d'epoque archaique. «Dacia», III,
1950, p. 152, fig. 10.
.. M. Pardncz. Le cimitiere hallstatticn de
Szentes- V ekerzug I! I. AA, VI, Budapest,
1955, p. 7, fig. 3.
1\ Ar. MUJI<lee U H. [(oea ee. He06HapoJJ;Ba-
IIU l!a IRTJtrr 11 OT CeBJIIfeBcIw. «ApxeoJIo-
mil EAIIf', 1967, oM 2, CTp. 40, puc. I, 2.
12 P. Donue. HOBOOTKpllTif naMfiTHIIl\II OT
meJI"b3IIa el!oxa B B"bJIrapIIII. HAH, V,
1929, puc. 143.
13 Bozaan HUKOA.Oe. TpaKIfiicI<If rraMIITHI!I\1!
B"bB BpaqaHCKO HAH, XXVIII, 1965, p. 11.
126
JIa - rraM'RT1\a apx<li'IIIOi CUII<pii. «Apxco-
JIorill'>. KifiB. 1951, CTp. 208, Ta6JI. \', 3.
..8 B. r. nerpeN O. Yl\a3. CO'!., Ta6JI. 29, 26.
" T. repacu.M.oe. ABI' lIaXOJJ;IHI C"bC 6pO!l30BII
YI>pacll OT CCBeplla G"bJIrapuli. l1Al1, XVII,
1950, CTp. 256, puc. 192.
.. /!,. IJ.on'lee. AUT!!'!ua MOrIfJIHa rpoa!lu a
I!pll OpIl30RO. fll.UIflJI, I, 1948, CTp. '15,
pIfC. 8.
.. H. BeJlKOe, X. /!,al/oe. HOBOOTI<pIfTif cTapIf-
If If. HAH, XII, 1939, c. 435-440, pIfC. 223.
,. «113JIom6a TpaI<U[ICiiO U3J;YCTBO», pIIC. 122.
" H. BeJlKoe. Pa;U;OnI<UTP o\;OJIO Me3eI< II
rapa CBI!JIenrpa;:\. IIEAH, XI, 1937, CTp.
135, pI!c. 123.
52 If n. IIUMIlTp08. Ylia3. COq., CTp. 66.
" D. Berciu. 'Iia3. co'!., CTp. 139, pllC. 100.
.. «OKp"bmeH IICTOpU'!CCIilI MY3eii Bpa a.
CTapo 113I<YCTBO». C0<pIIII, 1968, pIfC. 67.
" D. Berciu. Ylia3. co'!., pI!C. 18, 3, 4, ]0, ]4;
43; 44, ]. 2.
58 B. (/JUA08. 'Ha3. COq.! CTp. 30, pnc. 28.
>7 B JIIITepaType ux 4aCTO ua3bIBalOT «MeJJ;-
Bemlle JIal!bl». C l.: B. A. HA.bUnCKQR.
CI<II<pbl Auel!ponu;oro . eCOCTeI!HOrO JIeBO-
oepembll. KueB. 1\168, CTp. 132-133.
,.. B. A. HAbUI/CKQSI. CliI!<pbI JJ;!lerrpORClwro
JIeCOCTel!UOro .1I'BOOCpembll, CTp. 130,
TaOJI. XXXV, 9.
59 E. "falkina. YI,a:L roq., CTp. 160.
6. B. H. Jf03o.'eeCIiI/lI. Clm<pCline I!orpefie-
Hnll y c. Ilaropllo" ".1U3 r. OpJJ;iIiOIlIII<IfA-
31'. (,Clm'l>clille ;q'('BIIOC-TII». KIIeB, 1973,
CTp. 213, pIlC. 27, 2R.
6' H. B. HlfenKo. 0 CBRJRX CTerrIIblX ClilI<pOB
C COCeAII!DIII n.1I'\[('lIaMI!. AOKJIaA na KOH-
cpepel!l\Uu IIIIMK .\11 CCCP, rro rrp06JIe-
MaM C!iu'IJO-cap\laTc-lioif apxeoJIol"!m B
'1952 r. (lie onyfi.lul;oBall). KpaTKoe 113JIO-
merrne e o 01.: /I If. n02pe6oe . COCTOII-
Hife I!pO()JII' 1 rlil[((JO-capMaTCI<OR apxeo-
JIor!!!1 I; 1;01[(1)('11('11111111 HHMK AH CCCP
1952 r. BCC:\ !II.. 1\1.'54, CTp. 27.
62 MAlt RI>ITL 19. Cllo" 1906, pnc. 46-47.
63 B. If. ilfo31J.1eeC/i'/I11. Kyprall TOJIcTafi MO-
I"[[. a aml3 r. Op.I>l;011l1!;IIA3P Ha YI;paIlIlP.
CA, 1972. .M 3. np. 294, pUC. 29, 3.
610 D. Berc{u. YIifLL r04., pliC. 18, 14.
., TaM me, pllC. IR. 6.
.. D. Bneill. Y,;a:1. C04., puc. 18, 9, 10.
d7 D. Berciu. 'l-\a:-\ roq.. CTp. 76, 95.
6. T. Heal/oe. ..\UTII'llIa l;ppaMnlia OT IIPlipO-
1!0JIa I!a Ano:loIIIIA. "AnOJIOIIIIII». C0<pIIII,
1963, CTp. 14"-1 \-,. Tafi" . 64-65.
6. H. B. 3eecr. 1;('1'" \llIqeCiiali Tapa Bocl!opa.
M 11:\ , M 83. 1%(1. T. IX.
7. 10. r. BUI/O?paO,.H. l-\epa mqeCKife Ii.leibla
oCTpoBa cDacora In. T. X, 1972, CTp. 16.
71 I. VenedikoL'. 1",;;,:1. COq., c. 39 p.18-19.
72 B. F. lleTpel0;o 1-\83. COq., TaOJI. 27, 6.
8. B. HKoBeHKo
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1971, .N2 2, CTp. 72-75.
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CKOM IIOJIYOCTpOBe. IIAK, RbIIT. 63, 1917,
CTp. 48.
12 OAK 3a 1895 1'., CTp. 17-18.
13 G. Borovka. Scythian Art. London, 1928,
p.95.
U M. H. ApraMoHoB. COI;pORIIII\a CKII<pCKIIX
KypraHoB. IIpara.- J1., 1966, CTp. 30.
15 T. H. Tpoulf"aR. CHII<pcKIIe J;ypraHbI B
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CTp. 68.
18 B. A. H..bUIlC"OR. CKII<p..I :1IIPnpOBcKoro
JIeCOCTenHoro J1eRooepembH. KneR, 1968,
CTp. 155, Taoil. XI, 13.
17 P. Rau. Die Griiber der friihen Eisenzeit
im Unteren Wolgagebipt. Pokrowsk, 1929,
Tar. V.
18 9. B. n"OBCH"O. KJI"'J;I1 C 300 lOp<pHbIMIi
lIa06pameHIIJI III. CA, 1964, M 4. CTp. 205-
207.
136
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20 «ApxeoJIorili YKpaiHcbKoi PCP., T. I I.
KniB, 1971, CTp. 165, pIlC. 47, 5; CTp. 145,
pilC. 38, 1.
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26 OAK 3a 1892 r. XpaHlITcli B foc. 3pMII-
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27 9. B. n"OBCH"O. RnIOKIi C aooMop<pHblMIi
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1885, 1/5.
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nOK MlipMeKIIII. Cf3, Bbln. XX. J1., 1961.
31 K. (/J. CMUpHOB. CaBpOMaTbi. M., 1964,
pliC. 11 B, 31.
32 M. H. ApraMoHoB. COKpOBII a CKII<pCImx
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33 B. A. H..bUHCMR. 06paa KOmaqbPrO XII -
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MOHeTHoe AeJIO CeBepHoro IIpIlqepHO-
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Hile lIa BOCTOqHOro RpLIMa. CA, 1968, oM 1.
36 M. H. ApraMoHoB. KYJIb06CKHII OJIeHL.
AHKCII, 1968.
37 «ApxeoJIorili YKpaiHcbKoi PCP», T. II,
CTp. 166.
38 B. A. HAbUHc"aR. HeKOTopbIe MOTIIBbI
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· B, H. KUR III "o. PaCJ;OIIlm KOHcTaHTIIHoB-
CKOro I10Cl'JIeIlIlH. AU 1968 r. M" 1969,
CTp. 105-106, pile
5 TaM me, YKa3, co'!., CTp. 106.
6 11.. H, :Jehua, PC I1aH CKYJIbiiTypa YpaJIa.
M., 1940, CTP, 78-80, pliC. 76-79,
7 C. B. Kuee,M'. ,QPl'lHlHH IICTOpIIII IOmHoii
CII6IIpll. M., 19;;1. np. 234.
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· 11.. A, KOllu.ell, l'afioTbi B TIeqepCKOM
TIPIIIIOJIHPI,P, (c\() 1'171 f.') M., 1972, CTp.
6-7 II pile.
1011., o4. Kprl/lllo6, (I p300Tax BepXHeBOJIm-
CKoii 3KCflP;1I1UIIII. ",,\0 1969 r.» M., 1970,
CTP, 32-34 II pll"
II 11., o4. KPOUI/n6 11"C:Iel\oBaIlIlH BepxHe-
BOJImCKOR J;CIIP.1.lIullll, «AO 1971 f.» M.,
1972, CTp. 48-49.
144
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CKIIM l\aHHblM». M., 1971, CTP, 23-4;:,.
pIlC. 2, 2, 5.
13 O. H. Ba{)ep. ,QpeBIIeiirnaH MeTa.uypfHf!
TIpIIypaJIblI. M., 1964, CTp. 143; Oil JlCe,
BpOll30Bblii Hom II3 CeiiMbI C JIOIlIa;1b I II
Ha HaBepmlIlI. KCHA, BbIII. 127. 1971,
CTp. 98; on xe. MOrllJIbHIIKIl TypfiIIHCJ;OIO
TIIIIa, IIX B03paCT II CBH3b C I10ceJIPII!U!-
Mil. ACf3, 1964, M 6, CTp. 103.
" C. B. Kuce..e6. Y"a3. COq., CTP, 178-17!1,
" E. K. Ma"euM06. TIaMIITHIIK 3I10XII fipoll
3bI y CTaH IIII KapaMblm, CapaToBcIwii
06JIaCTII. «ApxeoJIOrll'!ecKIIii COOPIIII"»
CapaToB, 1956, CTP, 121, pliC. 69; B. II
mu..o.. TIp06JIeMbI OCBOeHHf! CTl',,<'fi
HllmHero TIOBOJImbH B I10XY fipOIl "L
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16 II. 11.. lJu6ep06. ,QpeBHIIH IICTOpllf! II ac 1"-
JIeHll1I TIOI\OHblI. ABTOpe<p. AOJ;T. ;J;lIrl'.
M., 1971, CTp. 29-37.
145
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ceBepO-aaUall:1I0ro u06epembli CeBepnOII
AMepIlKII. TH3, HOBali ceplllI, T. LXX,
1961.
.8 TaM me, CTp. 201.
t 9 TaM me, CTp. 46.
20 TaM me, CTp. 46.
21 TaM me, CTp. 187.
22 TaM me, CTp. 190.
., TaM me, CTP. 63-64, 79-80.
24 TaM me, CTp. 73-74.
2> TaM me, CTp. 23.
26 M. 11. AprOJltOno8. a 3eMJIeB.la;\eHlIII U
3eMJlell:eJIbqeCKO I upa311:uIIhC Y CWI«pOB.
Y3J1fY, BblII. 15. J1., 1947, CTp. 19.
27 M. If. AprOJltOno8. AiiTpoumIOpqJHbIe 00-
B. B. BIIHOfpaJJ;OB
iKeCTBa B peJIlIrIIn CI<II<P0B. ACf3, BbiU. 2,
1 !)61, CTp. 83.
28 B. H. rpOX08. Clii<pu. KnIB, 1947, CTp.
81-82.
29 M. 11. AprOJltOno8. CKIl«jJo-CII6IIpCKoe IIC-
KYCCTBO aBep""0ro CTUJIIi. rrCA, M., 1971,
CTp. 33.
30 IhlOUC r. M opzon. IIepB06b1TIIOe 06 eCT-
BO. CII6., 1900, CTp. 85.
31 II. /1,. lIu6e p08. IIaMIiTIlHRIl CKIl<pchoro
BpeMelI1l Jla Cpell:lIeM JJ;OIIY. CAH, BbIU.
J],1-31. M., 1965, CTP. 95-97, TaOJl. 28,
9, 10; Ta6JI. 29, 4.
32 fl. 11. Bece"o8clwU. PaCIWUKIl hypralIa
«CoJIoxa . OAK, IIrp., 1.918, CTp. 104,
pllC. 193, a, 6.
33 A. M. lIec/(o8. HOBbie CORpoBII a Kypra-
II0B Y"paIIIILI. AJlb60M. JI., 1972, C1'p. 34,
pllC. XV; CTP. 56, pIlC. 31-32.
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MH CTenHJIRH - OCKO.TIKIT ehIT<pClmx oPA
V B. AO H. a. H aBaHrap;T.Hble rpyrrrrbi
caBpOMaTOB 28. TIaMJITHITha 1 ropIlbIX
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KaBKa3CIwro xpe6Ta CI\Il<pOIlAHble
H306pameHIIJI npHCyrIJ,H MeHLIIlC (y
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qeH - mITTe.leii rrpeArOp!!H II paB!!ITH 29.
MHorHe BbIcOKoropHbIe 06pa31 bl (IT3-
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ROB TJIIT, <Dachay, PYTXfI) eme rIlJILHee
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ee BJIIIHHlle.
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BOCTO'IHOii LIe'IHII (1141\Cpllll) ol\aaa-
JIIICb <paI\THqeCJ>IT B CTOpollC 0 r UflBOl1
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cPo-CI!6ITpChOrO 3BepilHom CTlI:1 H II nOA
pamalOIQITe HM Il300pilrr;(>IIl\H 1;!laiine
peAJ>IT IT XY.JOiKeCTBeHHO la:I"I<I.\pa31I-
TeJIbHbT, 3a ITCh.'IIO'IeHI!e 1 TP \ r.lyqa-
eB, KorAa peqb HAeT 00 H3;le.-'llflX. rro-
rraBlUHX cIO.Ja OT J>ooancr;I1\ "(Jce.Je!I
(HarrpIIMep. nTIIl\eBIl,JIIble 1I(I}lCllbIe
151
6JHIXH H3 XapaqOR, IJ,a-BeAeHO, XaT-
TYHH) 30. B Aa1'eCTalle HrnOJIb30BaHHe
a60pH1'eHa1.UI CRHq,0-CH6npCKoro 300-
Mopq,H01'O HCRy,CCTBa IllJIO HeCROJIbRO
HHbIMH nYTRMH, qeM Y K06aHn;eB 31.
HOBbIe pacKoIllilI naMRTIIHKOB CRII<p-
, A. A. Hecceu. CeBepO-l<aBIla3CI<JIe COCYAbl
C 1I306pameHlIeU OJIeHJl. Cf AI1!\1K, 1931,
T. 2, CTp. 14-18; au :!/Ce. !\103P:OKCKlIll MO-
rlIJIbHIIK B PIiAY lIa [JlTHIII<OB CeBepHoro
KaBKaaa. «M03AOKCKuii MOrIIJIbHlIK . JI.,
1940, CTp. 46.
2 E. II. AJl.el>ceeea. TI03;J,HcKoGalicKall KYJIb-
Typa qeHTpaJIbHOrO KaBl<a3a. Y3JIry,
Bblil. 13, 1949, CTP. 103.
3 O. A. ApTaM.OIlOea-IIo.1TaelJeea. KYJIbTypa
IIJIeMeH CeBepo-BoCT0'1I10ro KaBKaaa B
CKII<pCKlIH rrepnoA. CA, T. 14. M.- J1., 1950.
I B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. Cap [aTbI CeBepo-Bo-
CTOqHOro KaBKa3a. I'P03I1bIii, 1963; B. B.
BUIlozpaiJoe, A. H. m "YPl>O. a HeKoTopblX
npeAMeTax 3BeplIHoro CTIIJIJl 1I3 qeHT-
paJIbHOrO IIpeAJ;aBKa3bll B CKII<pcKoe Bpe-
MJl. «C60pHIIK i\OKiIaAoB Ha VI 11 VII
BACK». M., 1963.
5 B. B. Texoe. a HeKoTopbIX IIpeilMeTax aBe-
plIHoro CIHI<pCKOro CTI[. Jl JI3 lIaMJlTHlIKOB
IOmHoro CllJiOUa f:lalllIoro KaBKaacKoro
xpe6Ta. «Tp3I!CbI 1I0J;:Jai\OB III BcecolOa-
HOII KOIl<pepeUl\IIII 110 UCCA . M., 1972.
· B. B. BuuoepaiJoe. I.(cIITpaJIbHbIii: 11 CeBe-
pO-BOCTO'1HbIll KallJ;a3 II Cli.ll<pcKoe BpeMJl
(VII-IV Bll. i\0 II. ;}.). fP03HbIlI, 1972,
CTp. 140-180.
1 M. H. ApTaM.Ol/oe. IIPOUCXO;I;;1eHlIe CKII<p-
CKOro IICKYCCTBa. CA, 1968, .'12 4, CTp. 27.
· B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. I.(PHTpaJIbHbIII II CeBe-
pO-BOCTO'1HbIll KaBKa3.., CTp. 31; ou :lICe.
HOBbIe Haxoi\KII IJpell leToB CKII<pO-CII-
6lIpCKoro 3BepllHoro l'TII.1Jl B 'Ie'1eHo-HlI-
rYIIIeTIIII. CA, 1974, :'\; 't. CTp. 258.
9 E. H. Kpynlloe. ppnURJl I1CTOpIIJl CeBep-
Horo KaBIla3a. M., 1960; B. B. Texoe.
TJIlIllCKlIll MorU.lblll!l1 II IJp06.1e la xpOHO-
JIOrlIII KYJIbT 'p l(ellTpa.%Horo KaBKa3a.
CA, 1972, N. 3, CTp. 18; H. B. A Il!fjuMoe.
CJIOmeHne MeOTClloii I\y.lbT 'pbI II CBJl31I
ee co CTeIlHJ,[ 1U Ky.lbTypa 1I! CeBepHoro
IIplI'1epHoMopbJl. nc \ \1., 1"7[, CTp. 170.
,0 B. B. BUI/ozpadoe. 1["IITpa.%HbIll II CeBe-
pO-BOCTOqHJ.lii l\aBlld.L, CTp. 140.
11 B 3TY IJ0;1001'1IY lIauoo:lee JlpKlIX 06pa3-
OB 3BepHHoro eTlUII liP BK.llOqeHbI Ma-
TeplIaJIbI C IOmHoro <' II.lOlia KaBKaacKoro
CR01'O BpeMeHH CeBepHoro HaBRa3a pac-
IlIHpRlOT H ROHRpeTH3HpYlOT Hallill
lIpeACTaBJIeHHSI 06 oplIrn:HaJIbHOH rpyn-
lIe MeCTHbIX lIpeAMeToB 3BepHHo1'O CTlI-
JISI, ROTopaSI BbI)WJIReTCR HblHe.
xpe6Ta, Clle lIaJIbHO 1ICCJIeAyeMbie E. B.
TexoBbl31.
12 CBOAKY CM.: B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. IJ;eIIT-
paJIblIblll 11 CeBepo-BoCToqHblH KaBIIa3..,
CTp. 135-138.
13 B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. HOBbie HaxoAKlI.., CTp.
259, plIC. 1, 2, 4.
U E. H. Kpynno8. YKa3. cotJ., Ta6JI. 14, 9.
IS P. M. M YIl'laee. JIyroBoH MOrIIJIbIIIIK.
A'IH. M., 1963, puc. 7, 1-2; plIC. 29, 13,
16,17.
16 B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. qeHTpaJIbHblH U CPBC-
pO-BOCTOqHblH KaBKa3.., plIC. 3, 7.
17 TaM me, pllC. 4, 2.
18 B. H. Mapl>OeUil. CKlI<pCKue KypraHbl y
CeJIeHlIli fOHTbI. CA, 1965, .M 2, CTp. 165.
19 B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. qeIITpaJIbHbIiI u CeBe-
pO-BOCTOqHblii: KaBKa3.., CTp. 130-135.
20 TaM me, CTp. 106-107.
21 B. H.,rpa,,06. CKIIq.LI. M., 1971; H. B. An-
!fjuM.oe. K BOIIPOCY 0 aBeplIHoM CTlIJIe y
MeOTOB. «Te3lIcbI )J;OKJIaAOB II I BceCOI03-
HOff KOH<pepeH lIlI 110 BCCA . M., 1972,
CTp. 14-15.
22 [(. (/J. CMUp1t06. CaBpoMaTbI. M., 1964.
23 II. C. Yeaposa. MOrlIJIbHIIKH CeBeplioro
KaBKaaa. MAK, T. 8. M., 1900, CTP. 42.
24 E. H. [(pynn06. YKaa. CO'I., Ta6JI. 5, 49,
II AP.
25 M. H. ApTaMoJt08. ¥K33. COtt., CTp. 31-32.
26 CM. pa60TbI E. II. AJIeKCeeBoii:, O. A. Ap-
TaMoHoBoH-IIoJITaB eBoH, B. E. BlIHorpa-
. AOBa, A. H. illKypKO, HaaBaHHble B Haqa.le
C.TaTblI.
27 Ha CapaTOB lIHe lIaBeCTHO 6JIlI3110e 1130-
6pameHIIe OJIeHJl, OTMe'leHHOe 'lepTa 1I1
BJIIIJlHlIJl KaBKa3CKoro IICKYCCTBa.
28 B. B. BUIlozpaiJoe. IJ;eIlTpaJIbHblii II Cr--
Bepo-BoCTO'lHbIll KaBKa3.., CTp. 39-40.
29 K aIlaJIOrlI'lHOMY BblBOAy IIpIIIIIeJI II E. R.
TexoB (CM.: B. B. Texoe. a HeKoTopblX
IIpeAMeTal'L., CTp. 40).
30 B. B. Bu¥zpa{}oe. qellTpaJIbHbIii II Ccne-
PO-BOCTO>IrIbIff KaBKa3.., CTp. 264-283.
31 O. M. /f,aeyiJoe. 3BeplIHblii CTIIJIb B HCI<YC-
CTBe AarecTaHa 3110XlI paHHero meJIe3a II
pOJIb CKlI<pOB B ero <pOpMlIpoBaHlIlI. «Te-
311Cbl )];OKJIaAOB III BcecolO3Holl Il0ll<pe
peH RlI 110 BCCA». M., 1972, CTp. 24.
B. B. TeXOB
o HEROTOPbIX lIP E,IJ;MET AX
CRM<DCROrO 3BEPI1HOrO CTlfJUI
113 IIAMHTHI1ROB IOJKHOrO CRJIOHA
r HOrO RABKA3CROrO XPEBTA
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AO H. '<I. 6bIJIH H3BeCTHbI RaR HCKYCHbIe
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HbIMH, OpHa'MeHTaJIbHbIMH MOTHBaMH.
CpeM HHX HeMaJIo H306pameHHH CTH-
.'I1I30BaHHbIX HJIH <paHTaCTK'IeC:KHX mH-
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1I0mHbIe ROJIbn;a H T. A. Ha aTHX npeA-
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CTO nOKpbIBaeTCSI IIeCKOJIbRlIMH BII,L\aMII
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iKe H306pameHHR He6eCHbiX CBeTH.'I,
nOMonWHHbIx KaR Ha Tonopax, TaR II
lIa nOHcax. lJacTo Te.'IO OCHOBlIOtI'O iKH-
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qaCTSIMH Te.TJa APyrlIx mHBOTHbIX. Bre
anI H306pameHHR COCTaBJISIIOT KaBKa3-
nmiI 3BepHHbIli CTIWb. H VII B. AO H. a.
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haBKa:la nORB,lHIOTCH HOBbIe aJle reIlTbI
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HUH KOTOpbIX MeCTHaH nO'IBa Cblrpa:Ja
;maqHTe.lbHYW POJIb. KOMnOHeHTbI aTO-
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B Eo e 11- Ha'laJIe I TLIC. p;o H. a.
Ha 6pon30Bblx TOIIopax IIOJIBJIHIOT-
CJI H306pameHHJI cpaHTaCTHqeClmX cy-
IJ:J,eCTB C qepTaMH CHJIbHOro cxeMaTH3Ma
(pHC. 1), KOTophIe H IIOCrrymHJIH rrpo-
TOTHIIaMH H300pameHHH KOmaQbero
XHIJ:J,IIHKa llUCJwp;yJOIJ:J,ero llepHop;a, xo-
TJI OTMeTHM, qTO Hel<OTophIe HCCJIeII;O-
BaTeJIH <JTH paHHHe H306pameHHH pac-
1 E. H. [{pynlloB. a rrOX0lI.ax CKlI<pOB qepe3
KaBKa3. BCCA. M., 1954, CTp. 186-194;
Olt :J/Ce. ApenHlI1I IICTOpll1i CCBepHoro KaB-
Ra3a. M., 1960, CTp. 64-66; B. E. BUllo-
epaiJoe. a CKII<pCRHX 1I0XOAax qepp3 KaB-
Ra3 (IIO IIIICbMeHHblM IICTOqHlIKaM). Tp.
qMHHM, T. IX. fP03HbllI, 1964, CTp. 21-
48; Olt ;){Ce. a IIYTIIX ApeBHux I;y. bTYPHbIX
cBII3eH QeHTpaJIbHOrO II CeBepo-Bono'!-
Horo KaBI;a3a C IOmHM rlI 06:JaCT!H!lI B
l'MaTpUB3IOT ltaK 06pashl KOlllaqberO
XHIJ:J,HHI\a '", a p;pyrHe rrpH3HaIOT B HHX
J!lroo Bo.'1I,a", Jm60 c06aKy 45, JIu60
cooaIW-BO:!Ka ,. II p;ame 3BepJI, 06'bep;H-
HHIOIJ:J,ero B ('06e 'IepTbl Bcex Ha3BaH-
HblX XIIllI,RIIKOB ".
Kali 6bl TO UH 6b1JI0, HO JICHO, qro
MacTepa JJ.CUTpa.'1bHOrO KaBKa3a, HC-
rrOJlbsy H UeJiOTOpble 3aHMCTBOBaHHJI
B CTH.'1IICTII '1CC ROii. rrpopa60TKe BemeR,
i-\OrrycKa:m OTIi,10UeHIIJI H npHlI;aBaJIH
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)J;orrYCiiaH HOIioTopble OTKJIOlleHIIJI OT
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KOCTOpC:J ,rr,orro.'1HJI,'I cyIJ:J,eCTBOBaBIIme
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CTBeHHbDl rroqepKOM, '1TO HHorp;a IIPH-
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01llH6KaM B 11306pa3HTeJThHOM HCRYC-
CTBe. HeOIOTpJI na ::JTO, H306pameUHJI
60.11('e n03D-Hero nepHop;a OTJIHQaIOTCJI
peaJ!lf: MOM B rrepep;a'le HX xapaKTep-
HLIX rrpIISHaKOB.
BbIIIH' paCCMOTpeHHhIe MaTepHaJIbi
COCTaBJI"HIOT CaMOCTOJITeJIbHhIB: BapHaR'!'
SBeplIIIoro CTII:m, lIMeIOT MeCTHhIe Oco-
6eHUOCTII. OT,lHqaIOllI,He HX OT qHCTO
CKH<pCIUfX IIs06pa3UTeJThHhIX MOTH BOB.
OHII ('BH)1<'Te:lbCTBYIOT Ta1Ol\e 0 BsaH-
MOCBJI3HX. cymecTBoBaBIIIlIX Memp;y
rr.1e leUa 1JJ lJ,ellTpaJIbHOrO KaBKa3a II
HpaIlOJI:H,(llllbIMH CKlIcpaMH, YCTaIlO-
BHBIIIIIMII TCCHbJe I\OHTaKThI C KaBI\a-
:IOM (' I;OI!l a VIII B. p;o II. ::J. 3TH fWH-
Tal,Tbl OTpaSII.1HCb He roJIbKO B H30-
6pa:HITC.'lhIJOM nCKyCCTBe, HO H B MaTe-
pnH.1bHoii H P;YXOBHOii. KYJIbType
B006I1\p.
IJepII.3eHllmBIIJIU». TUUJIHCH, 1966, np. 42;
/0. C. rae/l.ouru. A.1allbI II BonpOCbI :HIIO-
rPHe3a oceTIIII. TunmIcrr, 1966, CTp. 228;
Olt :JICe. 3T1lOrel!e3 OCCTI!II IIO lIa1111 bUI
IIlICbMelIHbIX IICTOqll IIIWB. «OPOIICXOm)1C-
IIlle oceTIIHcKoro IIapo)1a».OpllmOlIuKII;13e,
1967, CTp. 71-73.
2 E. A. Ky!jjrult. ApxeOl10rrl'IeCIiali Iapm-
pYTHali 3KClIeII.II IIII 1945 rO;1a B lOro-Oce-
TlIIO II MMepeTliIO. TOII.1IICII, 1%9, CTp. 25,
TaU;!. V, 1.
3 n. C. Yeapoea. MOrn.1bHIII;II CeBepHoro
naBKa3a. MAK, BLIII. VIII. M., 1900, CTp.
276, Ta6JI. CXV, 6.
4 B. E. BultozpaiJoe. IJ,eHTpaJIbIIbIH II CeBe-
pO-BOCTOqllblH KaBIia3.., CTp. 152.
, Jf. /1. Apra.Molwe. OpOlIcXom)1eHlIe CI;II<p-
CIioro IICRycCTBa. CA, 1968, M 4, CTp. 36.
e E. A. [{y!jjruH. Y"a3. COq., CTp. 25, pilC. 5.
1 B. A. llureultcKuu. Opymile HaceJIeHIIII
I1a lIIpa II <DepralIbI B caRCRoe Bpeuli.
«MaTepHaJibHali "YJIbTypa TalI.mHRIICTa-
Ha», BMI!. 1. AymaH6e, 1968, CTp. 83.
8 M. If. Apra.MOHoe. OpOIICXOm)1eHIIe CI;II<p-
CKoro IICKYCcTBa, CTp. 28.
9 Ta 1 me.
to M. H. Apra.MOHoe. COl;pOBH a CKII<pCKliX
l;ypraHoB B c06paHIIlI fOCYAapCTBeHHoro
3pMHTama. Opara - J1., 1966, pIIC. 9,
Taun. 22.
11 M. H. Apra.Moltoe. IlPOIlCxom)1eH"e CI;"<p-
cl;oro IICI{yccTBa, erp. 28.
.. JI. H. Apra.Moltoe. IlpOlIcXOmAeIIlIe CI;lI<p-
CKoro IICKYCCTBa, CT]J. 32-33.
t3 E. fl. [{pynll.oB. Apc!\!l!lII IICTOplI1i CeBep-
1I0ro I{aBKa3a, CTp. ::!05; B. E. Bultozpa-
iJoe. QeHTpaJIhHbIiI II CeBepo-BonOqHblli
KaRha3.., CTp. 154-1.i6, pliC. 13, 1.
" C. B. [{uce/l.ee. ApeB1I1I1I IICTOpIlIi lOmHOH
ClIUliplI. M., 1958, CTp. 240.
15 Ta [ me, CTp. 247.
16 Ta 1 me, Ta6J1. XXII. 2.
17 Ta l il\C, C'fp. 246--2 7.
t8 JI. H. AprO.MOHoB. IIponcxom;!.eHIIe C1ilI<p-
('(;oro IICKyccTBa, np. 36, pIlC. 6.
19 Ta)l ;Ke, CTp. 37.
20 E. B. Te:roB. I'au,OIIl,1I TJIlIilCl;oro IO-
rnm,IlIIl,a. AO. 1 I()R r. M., 1969, CTp. 39.i.
21 M. If. AprO.MOIiOB. IlpOIlCXOm;J.PI!IIe Ci>H<p-
CI;OrO I1CI;YCCTlla, np. 41, pllC. 12.
2 B. B. Texoe. PaCIiOIll;(1 TJIIIIICKoro MO-
rn.1bHIIKa B 1960 r. CA. 1963, M 1, CTp.
170, CTp. 6, 3-5.
23 r. ,po ro6eiJ:J/('III11RIl.!/J. ApXeOJIOrll'!('CI>Ife
1 Tbll'. ;l<J 11. :1. «C60PHIII{ )].OKJIaAOB lla V
BCPCOk).Jlloii CTY)1eHqeCROH apxeo. orllqe-
CI,oii hOIl,liepCHI.\IIH». M, 1960, CTp. 24-25;
011 :J/('('. II.Ji\ITpaJIhHbIlI 11 CeBepo-Bonoq-
IIhIii Ka ""' R CKII<pcKoe BpeMIi. fP03HbIH,
1972. nl'. 11-16; E. B. Texoe. CKIHI)CKIIe
3;!l' H'IIT"1 II laTCpIIaJIhHOH RYJIbType lOro-
OC('TIlII. "!;OI!POCbI I1CTOplIlI HapolloB KaB-
I;a:Ja. IO,-"ueiI£lbIlI COOpHIIR, 1I0CBH eH-
IIb!!1 ,0-.I"T\l1O co AIIII pom)1eHIlIi H. A.
162
paCKOIIKH B COBeTcKoII fpY3HIf. T6I1J111CII,
1952, CTp. 100, Ta6JI. XLVI, 2.
2' B. A. If.n.buHCKaR. HeKOTOpbIe MOTIIBbI
paHlieCKIf<pCIwro 3BcpIfHoro CTIIJIIi. CA,
1965, M 1, CTp. 103, pilC. 13.
25 ll. ll. g/l.eHoea. I1poIICxom)1eIIHe II paH-
HIIII IICTOpIIII IIJIeMeH TarapcKoII Ky.1hTY-
pbI. M., 1967, CTp. 124. .
26 M. If. ApraMoltoe. I1poIICXOmlI.eHlle n;J(<p-
CIWro IICKyccTBa, CTp. 40.
27 TaM me, CTp. 34, pilC. 4 II 5.
28 TaM me, CTp. 35; H. H. lloepe6oea. fpIl-
<pOH B IICKyccTBe CeBepHoro I1pIl'!elmo-
MOpbli B 31I0XY apxallKII. KCI1lIMK,
BblII. 22, 1948, CTp. 62; E. E. lluorpoB-
CI>UU. BaHCKoe apcTBo. M., 1959, CTp.
248-254, Ta6JI. 50; Olt :JICe. MCRYCCTBO
YpapTY. JI., 1962, CTp. 72.
29 M. If. Apra.Moltoe. COKpoBH a CRlI<pCKIIX
KypraHoB.., Ta6JI. 22, pilC. 7.
30 B. E. BultozpaiJoe. QeHTpaJIbHblli II Ce-
Bepo-BoCTOqHblli KaBRa3.., CTp. 146.
3 n. C. Yeapoea. ¥K83. COq., Ta6Jl. 115, 4-
5; E. If. [{pynltoe. )J;peBHIIII IICTOpIfIi Ce-
BepHoro KaBKa3a, TaUJI. 75, 2-5.
31. n. C. Yeapoea. YK83. eo'!., eTp. 83, pnc. 80.
33 B. E. BultozpaiJoe. QeHTpaJibHblli H CeBe-
pO-BOCTOqHblli KaBKa3.., CTp. 143.
.. TaM me.
J> M. H. Apra.Moltoe. I1polIcxomAeHlle cIm<p-
CKOro IIcRYCCTBa, CTp. 36.
36 B. B. lluorpoecKuii.. KapMIIp-BJIYP, I. Epe-
Ball, 1950, CTp. 96, pHC. 64.
37 TaM me, CTp. 96-97.
38 TaM me, CTp. 64.
39 B. A. HAbuJtc"aJ£. ¥Ka3. COq., C.Tp. 100.
'0 H. H. Ilozpe6oea. ¥Ka3. COq., CTp. 62.
4' M. H. Apra.Moltoe. I1poHcxomlI.eHlle CKII<P-
CKoro IICKYCCTBa, CTp. 45.
" B. E. BultozpaiJoe. QeHTpaJIbHblii II CeBe-
PO-BOCTOqHblH KaBKa3.., CTp. 179.
43 ll. C. Yeapoea. ¥Ka3. COq., CTp. 42.
.. lli. H. A.Mupaltazu.eu.n.u. HCTOpIlIi rpy ""-
CROro IICKYCCTBa, T. I. M., 1950, CTp. 42-
43.
" A. A. MU/l./l.ep. M306pameIlIle coual>!! R
IIpeBIIocTIiX KaBRa3a. HPAHMK, T. IT.
Orp., 1922, CTp. 287-324.
.. B. B. BapiJaee/l.uiJae. ApeBIIeiimllP !'f':I11-
rll03Hble BepOBaHlIli II 06pll)1oBoe rpa(fm-
'!eCKoe IICRYCCTBO rpY3IfllcKIIX lIiIeMCII.
TOUJIIfCII, 1957, CTp. 47-53.
" B. E. BultozpaBoe. QeHTpaJIbHbIH II Cpne-
PO-ROCTOqlIblli KaBRa3.., CTp. 179.
A. 11. MaJIL\eBU'I
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HLle H nOBpemp;ellHLlC '1aCTH BblIIpJIM-
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eIIO'llmfI, nOBepXIIOCTb IWToporo «B
BIIJ),e pemeTO'lKU» nOKpblTa «K}TOqiia-
Mil CMa.lbThI rO:ly6oro, 6UplO30Boro n
p030BOro llBCTOB& II. TaKIIM 06pa30M,
II0JIY'IaIOT 06'LHCHeHIIC II BXOJI,HII\IIe B
COCTaB CU6UPCKOii KOJI:Iel, Un TaKlle
TUIIU'lnWe npen\(eTbl rOTCKoro CTIIJIJI.
HaK PYROJITHa Homa.. UJIH IIepCTeHb
C UHHpYCTa I1eH (puc. 24) 70, a TaHme
II pH.n; npyrnx npe;:Y!>leToB. ana.'lorn'l-
HbIX Haii:.n;eHHbIM Ha TeppUTOplIJi Beur-
pIlJl, '-lexBu, BOJIrapnn_
B C. H. h"anoWllHa. Ll,I'lIlIbll' HaXO;(IiU ap-
XeOJIoroB B pa"OIH' 1I0uo'II'llIiacc"a. BAIl
1963, N, 3, CTp. 128-130; S. I. Kaposh;-
na_ A Sarmatian Ronll Burial at Novo-
cherlassk. Antiquity: '-01. XXXVII, :oJ 148,
December, 1963, p. z;,t)- :J8; OHa 3/te. fla-
)fHTlllllm Cap}IaTCI;oro .111. 1'IIII0ro CTIIJlIIIIJ
Ca;J,ORoro l>ypraHa_ t l"j I. I' honnCL, CTp.
I. U"'paa;alO r.1Y;;0I;y 1 ii:lllrolapHOCTb aR-
TOp ;Ja BO,J)!OmIlO"TI. II .II<II;O}!lITbCH C pa-
OOTO" II pa 3 pl'lIII: III II' Olly;;.ll1IiooaTL He-
lI;qallllLlii CI'OTOCIIII}IIII._
· n.laCTIIHbI C U.JOiil'iI;!;\'IIII..)1 opJIa II «Hlia>'
n leK)T BCT8BI\1I OIl)'ln--II.1 I\ I, n!loc."ne, Tal,
II RbIllYIi.lbW_ . 11.10' '"'' IIpOnll'(I.leIIbI OT-
oepCTUH. 1i0To)".I" Yl:iI'IoIJlillOT lIa BTOPlIq-
Hoe nCn0:1b30IU\II\11' IT" \ " ('O lIiOB unJuo-
aLl. lIepOOUaQa_1LIlII '_I ;I;I[III11I1X npOHII-
3H)11I 11:111 nO:IRN" 1,.1 \III
'0 Pall . IX. 21, 2.
.. B. n. WIlA06_ IIOII"'''''IIIIH Cap}IaTCIiOii
3uaTli I B. ;(0 IL ,,_-- I 1'- II. ;). (npe;(BapII-
191
Te;IblIoe cooG enlle). Cf8, BbIli. IX. J1.,
1956, pllC. Ha CTp. 44.
12 MHB. f3 CM 1727 1/5 II 1/6.
13 3TOT 1I0f!C nClipaRII."IbIiO OlipelleJIeH A. A.
MecceliOM l,aK 1I0;1i\eJII,a (C}I.: A. A. Hec-
ce n. Tal, na3bJRae}Iblii «}IaHI<OIlCKnll
rrOIlC». ACf3, 1961, oM 2, CTp. 163-177).
" MHB. f3 CM 1727 1/150. OGbIqHO 3Bepb,
Jl306pameHIIbllI Ha lI.laCTJlHe B 60pb6e co
3MeelI, CqIITaeTCf! <paHTaCTlIqeCI<IIM. B i\ell-
CTBIITeJIbHOCTII ;I,e OH 60JIbme Bcero 110-
xOm Ha pea.%I1oro GapcYKa C ero 3aOCT-
peHHoll KaGallbel1 MOPIIOii II KOrTJICTbnm
JIalla}I1I. 3TO ;rmROTJlOe paclipocTpaHeHo
110 Bcell EBpoile. K TOMY me 6apcYK IIB-
JIlleTCf! Bparml 3}lerr (CM.: A. 9. Ep3M.
iKII3Hb mIIROTHJ,lX, T. I. Cll6., 1893, CTp.
677, 681, 682, 685 [«6apcYKY 60JIbme Bce-
1'0 HpaBf!TCf! ra;110KII»]). MbICiIb 0 TOM,
qTO Ha llJIaCT!lHe 11306pameH 6apCYK, BbI-
CKa3alla HbIHe nOKonHOII B. <1>. IIlTeHH
B CTa Tbe «30;:rOTbTe cII6IIpCKIIe llJIaCTIIUbi
c I130GparI,(lrrn(l r «I,a6aHa), OOtHIToro
3}Wen» (<<C!!O!!PCKIIU apxeoJIOrlIqeCKlIn
C60PHHK». HOROCn6IIpCK, 1966, CTp. 259-
264).
!5 HHB. f3 CI1 1727 1/62 II 1/67. H. H. TOk
crail, H. ll. [{OHaO/W6. YKa3. COq., CTp. 48,
plIC. 50; C. If. pyaelt"o, YKa3. COq., Ta6JI.
XVIII, 8.
16 I1HB. f3 CI11727 1/159 JI 1/160. H. H. TOk
crail, fl. ll. f{rJ//aa,,06. YKa3. COq., CTp. 51,
pIIc.56.
,7 I1HB. f3 CI1 1727 1/3. C. n. Pyoenl>o.
YKa3. COq., Tao.l. I, 4.
18 B. ll. mU.WB. llorpe6eHIIII capMaTCKOll
3I1aTII...
19 C. H. Pyoeltl>o. YKa3. COq.
lO B l,a.ll1HoBCI;o11 uaXOAKe i\0 Toro, KaIi
olla 1I0llaJia B lIorpe6eHlle, I<pOMe «YKO.'
pO'IPI[[[f!» H.laCT!!!Ibl, 6h1JIa 113"bf!Ta cpei\-
HHH 'lacn, opac:wTa II 1I0.l0BIIHa rpuBHbI
(B. ll. mU.10B. na.lI1HOBCKlIll l<ypraHHMii
MOfllJIbllllK MIL\. J',! 60, 1959, CTp. 463-
1,64. pile. 51).
21 I1AK, RbIn. 1. CIlG., 1901, CTp. 95, pIIC. 1.
HHOii CHoroo I:PPII:IPHHf! Ii pP IHIO Y OJIH-
IIIt'Ii II:J Ca:lllllolO Kypraua, Ha ooopoTe
y IIUX UpUllaHJlI,1 :<Re BepTIIKa.lbHblC 110-
,lOCK!! OpOIIJI,I. "OTophie BCTaBJIf!mICb B
Uai\pC3 PP [[[H It pa3rII6aJIIICb.
22 '-!PTblpe :m:!(' -,U.1Hpa 1I0naJIII B c06paHIIe
8pMIITa;lia. JIIII!. f8 2234/25. MAK, Bblii. 1,
Ta 1 mP. pll<" a. 0; IIf!Tblil - B AHTuKRa-
puple R Eep.l'"jl' (.4. Greifenhagen. Eins-
kythisches Zinr-tiick.- «AA 1969» Heft.
I,S.49-52..\i,b 1-4). '
23 He II3;:\an.
" S. I. KaposhinQ Op. cit., pI. XXIX, b. c.
" JIHB. r3 Hy I ," 6 1/95, AliaMeTp 2,8 CM:
UHB. Ky 1896 1/94, Al1aMeTp 2,2 CM (0"\1>,
1896, CTjJ. 64, pllC. 305 JI 306, CTp. 1.,.:;,
pllC. 519 U 520).
26 I1I1B. r3 2239/1 (OAK, 1902, CTp. 78, pile.
164: 3HaqllTCH «OT nOllca»).
27 11.. fluI>0.A.06 U Xp. EYIOI>.A.Ue8. TpaKlIllCl<1I
MOrllJIHII rp060Be OT 'IaTam;a, CTap03a-
ropCI<O. <,ApxeoJIorlIli EAI1», 1967, JI.! 1,
CTp. 25, puc. 9.
26 CJIei\yeT 3aMeTIITb, qTO 1I0JIIIXpOMIIf! B
3BepIfHOM CTIIJIe capMaTCIWII 3110XIf f!B-
JIf!eTCIi JIlImb B03pOmAeHIIeM Tpai\IIl\IIU,
CIIOllCTBeHHblX TopeBTIIKe VII II VI BR. 06-
pa3 aMII nOJIIIXpOMHoro CTIIJIf! Toro Bpe-
MeHII CJIYmaT, HaliplIMep, YKpameHIlf! TpO-
Ha, AllaAeMbi II lIaHTepbI II3 ne.'lepMeCa,
OJIeHb cTaHII bI KOCTpOMCI<Oll, HOmilbI
TOKMaKoBKII, Cepbl'II CTaHII bl KpblMcr;oll
II T. A. Bce OHII IIHKPycTlIpoBaHbI 611p10-
30II II cepi\OJIIIKOM IIJIJI IIX HellpoqHblMII II
60JIee AemeBbIMII 3aMeHIITeJIliMII -
3MaJIbIO, IIHTapeM, remlIpoM, lIaCTon, B
HaCTOf!Il\ee BpeMIi 1I0qTJI 1I0JIIIOCTbIO YT-
paqeHHbIMII.
29 HAK, BblII. 1, CTp. 95-96, pllC. 3. Omll-
6oqHO Ha3BalIbI, KaK II APyrlle 6JIHmKII,
IIplIHaAJIemaBmlle Y3AeqKe, <'OKOHeqHIIKa-
MJI nOllca». HHB. 2234/5.
30 TaM me, CTp. 98, plIC. 16. HHB. 2234/24.
31 AlIal1eTp 5, 6 (CM. HHB. Eyep. Mol'. 45.
OAK, 1870-71, CTp. IX); M. If. Pocr06-
/fe8. CKII<p1I1I II Eocnop. J1., 1924, CTp. 550.
32 AfC. ATJIaC, Bblii. 1. Cll6., 1866, Ta6JI. VII,
12.
33 M. H. PoCr08/fe6. YKa3. COq., CTp. 616.
3< M. If. POcr08/fe6. HaAlllIcb na :JOJIOTO I
cocYAe II3 CT. MurYJIIIHcIwii:. lIAK, Bbm.
63. llr., 1917, CTp. 107; H. H. CMUpHn8.
BOCTOqHOe cepe6po. Cll6., 1909, Ta6JI. X,
27.
35 11.. HU"0.A.08 II Xp. EYIO".A.Ue8. J'r;a3.
COq., plIC. 11.
36 HAR, BLIIJ. 1, TaOJI. I I.
37' A. A. CnU/fbLIt. CII6IIpCKali IWJIJIeK1111 f!
KYHCTKaMepbl. <,3an1ICKII OTi\P.ijelllIf! pyr-
CKOII II CJIaBf!IICKOii apXeOJIOrlIH PYC(".[;OfO
apXPOJIOrllqeC-KOro 06IqeCTBa», T. 8. Rloln. 1.
CIIo., 1906, CTp. 4.
'8 H. H. TO.A.croil U H. ll. [{onao"n8. y"WI.
COq., CTp. 50-63, pliC. 69-71.
39 C. H. Pyoenl>o. YKa3. COq., CTp. 11-12.
'0 G. Borovfa. Scythian Art. London, 1 <)26.
p. 1, 61,18, 74; A. B. l1.a8bla060. H RO-
npocy 0 HCKJlX xYi\OmeCTRCHHblX 0['011-
3ax. CA, 1971, oM 1, CTp. 173, pllC 5: ,"I r.
Ca8un08. llorpe6eHile C 6p01l30ROii: 0.1f!-
xoii B eHTpa.lbHolI TYBe. KUlA. "I.III.
119, 1969, CTp. 106, pllC. 51.
" H. H. TO.A.croil U H. ll. [{OltaO"08. ''-'';11.
COq., CTp. 43.
42 M. ll. Pocr08/fe8. CIm<pIff! II EOCIIOp,
CTp. :>83. , "
" H. II. BeCe.A.08Cl>uii.. KypraHbI Ky6aHcKoJl
06JIaCTif B lIepllOi\ PIf}!CKOrO BJIai\bIqeCTBa
ua CeBepHoM naBKa3e. «TpYAbI 12 AC»,
T. I. 1\1., 1902, CTp. 362-365.
.. H. II. TO.A.crou U H. ll. Konoa,,06. "Ka3.
COq., CTp. 136, plIC. 158.
45 Ta)1 ine, CTp. 54, pnc. 5L
<6 H. If. BeCe.A.08Cl>uil. YKa3. COq., CTp. 362-
365: «MaHepa B IIpopa60TKe mliBOTHbIX Ha
cII611pCKIIX 6.ijHXaX Ta me, qTO Ha II3i\e-
:I1If!X HOBOqepl<aCCKoro KJIai\a (Tal< Bece-
.10BCKIfll Ha3b1BaeT KypraH Xox.'laq.-
A. JI.!.) II Ha 30JIOTbIX rryroBKax, HalllleH-
HhIX Ha Ky6aHII B 1901 II 1902 rr.»
'7 C. H. [{anOULuna. eHHble HaXOi\KII ap-
xeOJIOrOB B pallO He HOBOqepKaCCKa, CTp.
128-130; S. I. Kaposhina. Op. cit.,
p. 256-258, pI. XXIX-XXXII.
.. He II3i\aHbI.
09 C. lJ. [{anoULuna. lla}IIITHIIKII capMaTcKo-
1'0 3RepllHoro.., CTp. 18.
50 M. lJ. POCr08/fe8. CKII<pJlII II EOCIIOp, CTp.
584-585; on :J/Ce. HaAnlIcb Ha 30JIOTO}1 co-
cyAe.., CTp. 108-110; A. ll. Man14e6U'l.
AepeBf!HHble COCYAbI CKII<pCKOii 3110XII.
ACf3, BbIn. 8. J1., 1966, CTp. 30.
51 H. H. BeCe.A.08C"uu. YKa3. COq., CTp. 343.
'2 TaM me, CTp. 372. C. H. KanomllHoii: pa-
Hee ObIJIO BbICKa3aHO MHeHlIe, qTO Y3l1eq-
HbIll naoop !f3 CaAoBoro Kypralla TaKa\e
I13rOTOBJIeH Ha Eoc-IIope (CM. ee CTaTbIO
«IJ,eIIHble uaXOAKII...», CTp. 130), npif TOM
OHa npaBIIJIbHO OTMeTIIJIa, qTO MJlrYJIIIII-
CKllii II HOBOqepKaCCKlIii COCYAbi «GblJIII
c03AaHbI Ha 6a3e pa3BIIToro XYAOffieCT-
BeHHoro peMeCJIa C YCTaHOBliRmIIM!!CH XY-
AOmeCTBeHHblMII TpaAII IIf!MII» (<<Ila)If!T-
HIII<!!...», CTp. 27). B HaCTOHIqee RPP}IH.
KaK Blli\HO 113 ee AOKJIaAa B J101IA R
IIIOHe 1971 1'., B3rJIliA C. M. KarromlIHoii
na fiCi\YIqYIO pOJIb Eocllopa Kar; I1PIITpa
113roTORJIeHIIII npei\}ICTOB TopeRTm,!! He-
n;O.'blW 113MeIlIIJICf!.
192
7 CKJUllo-ca6apcKait soepDHbllt CTIIJlb
" A. II. Man/fe6U'l. YKa3. COq., CTp. 30, 37,38.
" Xp. EYIOI>.A.Ue8, M. l1.uMurp08, 11.. HllliO-
.A. a 8. Ohp"baiel! Hapoi\elI MY3eH CTapa 3a-
ropa. CO<pIIf!, 1965, CTp. 135, pllC. 31-32.
55 C. lJ. [{anOUlltlta. llaMf!THIIIOI.., CTp. 30.
56 H. lJ. BeCe.A.08Cl>uil. J'Ka3. COq., CTp. 347.
>7 S. I. Kaposhina. Op. cit., p. 257; A. Sal-
many. A Sarmatian Gold collected by Pe-
ter the Great. «Gazette des Beaux Arts»,
VI, ser. XXXI-XL, 1947-1952; M. H. Po-
cr08lleB. CI<II<pIIf! II EOCIIOp, CTp. 616.
56 JI.!. lJ. BR3b.1<Uruna. fopoi\IIIl\a HllmHcro
AHPilpa py6c;Ka H. 3. II IIX CBf!3If. C llpII-
I\YH a rrCI(iIM II CTpaHa}I1I. <,StudlCn zur
Geschichte und Philo sophie des AIter-
tums". Budapest, 1968, s. 247-250.
,. If. lJ. TO.A.crou. U H. ll. [{onOal>08. YKa3.
COq.. CTp. 141, plIC. 166-170.
60 Ta 1 me, CTp. 143, pJlc. 172-173. "
6' A. A. CnU/fbllt. BeIl\II C IIHKpycTa IIeif II"
KepqeHCKIIX l<aTaKoM6 1904 r. I1AK, 17.
CllG.. 1905, CTp. 115-126.
62 H. A 3ape14"uil. KJIai\, HaiiAcHHbIii IIpli
ceJIe \laJIaf! llepeIl\elllIHa, KOpOTOII!(CIW-
1'0 \"03;:\a llo.'lTaBCKOll ry6epHIIII. «TpYi\bI
llo:iTaRc oii YqeHOn ApXJlBHOii KOAI!IC-
CIIII". IlbIli. 9. llOJITaBa, 1912, CTp. 3-28 II
Taf).1nQa.
6' A T. ('.KU.A.en"o. fJIOAOCbKII cImp6II. KlIiB,
1965. CTp. 65, Ta6JI. I-IV, VI-VII. .
6< N. Frttich. Del' zweite Schatz von SZIlagy-
sOlnly6. «Archaeologia Hungarica», XIII.
Budape,t, 1932, Tal. II, V.
65 CKJIe!! 1904 r. f3, IIHB. 1820/649-650.
A. A. ('nu/fbLn. YKa3. COq., CTp. 118, plIc.4.
oB HIIR. f3, 2160/39.
6' f3, IIBB. 2070/1. H. M. C"a.A.on. H306pa-
;[{('I!IIH :<paKoHa B IICKyccTBe IV-V BB.
cr::1. Bbm. XXII. J1., 1962, pJlc. Ha CTp. 43.
66 lJ. II. TO.A.crou. U H. ll. [{onoa,,06. YKa3.
CO'1.. CTp. 139, plIC. 162.
6. (' If f'yaelt"o, YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. XXIII,
.9?.'-n.
:, Tn" ;liP. TaOJI. XXI, 47.
B. A. IlIpaMKO
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79; V, 7 II )J;p.). Ha TeppIITopnu !/l'CO-
cTelIHoll CRII<pHII CBHTIIJlUI.qe Ml'CTnOrO
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BbIe, II )J;aJICI\O Re Bce TYT ceif'lac HC.HO.
O].\HaRo, BamHO TO, 'lTO Bce 06napymeH_
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BHIOTCH C U3BeCTObIMII HaM M1f<paMII 0
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HOrrJIOI1WTbCH B pa3JIII'lBbIX mUBoTHblX,
CTaTY3TKil KOTOpbIX Ball)J;eBbi B CBHTI1
:lllI.qe. CpeAII ann: cTaTyaToR 110 pa3Me-
paM II Bblpa3IITeJILBOCTI1 oc060 BblAe-
:meTCR 11306pamenne 6b1Ka, l\OTOpLIii
I1rpaJi oc06ylO pOJIL H B KYJIbTe AHOffif-
ca. B CBI1Te 1I0CJIe)J;Bero 6b1JIH BeCeJlble
TaBQYlOll.{lIe MeBa].\bI (BaKxaORH), II
CpC.!{11 menCKIlX cTaTyaTOl\ CBJITI1JIH.lI\a
mreeTCH o.nBa (pHC. 5, 10), H306pa-
maIOll.{aH TaIIQYIOm;ylO men.lI\HOY B
pa3BeBalOll.\C fCH IIJlaTLe.
AmI rrOJIBOTbl 061I\eH RapTIIBbi He06-
XOJlIIMO OTMeTIlTL em;e O)J;RO cBoe06pa3-
HOe norpl'6eHIIe VI B. )J;O O. 3., 060a-
PymeHlwe B 1965 r. B Kypraoe 2 CBH-
3aBBoro C ropO].\IImeM MOrHJIbHHKa
CKOPOOOP ". B lolOrHJle 6b1na noxopOReoa
meHII..\I1IlH, CKopee Bcero mpHl..\a, CBH-
3HnnaR C 3P IJIc.neJIb'lecI\IIM KYJIbTOM
n.1o,wpO,lItR. Ha 3TO YKa3blBaIOT 06pH
lIorpe6!'I11IR II Ball)J;eoobIe B lolOrnne
Bellnt: inl'JIC3Hblii Rom, OCTaTIm ROCTen
OT }I,l'PTBCIIBOii 1I1I1l.{II, ABe 6POll30BbIX
rB03.nCIIIIAllbI\: 6YJlaBRH, 30JIOTbie 6YCbI,
ollcep 11.1 rraCTbI, 'lepOOJlOmenbill 'lep-
llan. "Y<"nn CCpbl If peaJlLrapa 11 6POH
.IOBOC .lI'pI\a.10 C PY'lKoii, YltpameRnOll
(fmrypoii naHTepbI (pllC. 3, 10-14).
O"OJlO tnrll:IbI Ha ypoBRe 1I0rpeueRHoii
nO'IlIL1 OI,H a.'IOCL orpOMHoe IwcTpnlI\e.
B .10:le "OToporo Haii):(eHbI OCTaTlm
{'omml'lIl1oii ("OJlOMbl II <lepeB IlmCHl1l..\bl.
nq\lPllfi. pilm. OBca, 6000BbTX, a TaRme
"y.II.TOllhll' 1O].\eJlII 3cpeR 11:1 rJlIlUbI,
nOJ\oollJ.1C oonapymeHHbnl pance na
mellTselIII lIJ>e ropO):(Hm a KapaBaH 32.
r.1nnRII"II' roAcnH 3epeII II3BCCTfIbI II
lIa Ep.II,climI ropO.nHme. 3.!{eCb me 6bI
.111 Co;na>t:HbI II "aRlIe-TO iKlIBOTIfble,
T. J>. 1111 ii '{ellbI KaJlLQHHllpOBallllble OC-
THT"II II \ "OCTeR II )J;ame rryqhll oecro-
PCHIIJPII 1l0.1nOCTLIO mepCTn. Bce 3TO
JI BIW 1"I1II.\CTe!ILCTByeT 0 conepmeOlln
,,,,r,orlJ-TO 06pH)J;a, CBJI3aolioro C KYJIb-
TO\I 1I.1fI,1nPOJlHH. B CBH3" C 3Tll!\1
npllllii"I'TaeT oc060e 30a'leOIle naXO Ka
207
D .\lOl'lIJIe mpllI.l,bI 3epRaJIa, YRpameIllH.-
1'0 B 3BepllHOM CTIIJIe. OHa MOrKeT L;JIY-
mllTb ell.\e O)J;HIIM lIop;TBepm,ll.eHlIeM
BbICRa3aHHoro M. II. ApTaMOHOBbIM
MHeIIllH 0 TOM, qTO 3epRaJIO HBJIHeTCH
OP;HIIM II3 aTpll6YTOB CKllIpCROH 60rllHlI
iIlo6BlI II lIJIOP;OpOP;IIH AprllMJIaCbI 33,
OTomJ.\eCTBJlHeMOH C A!jJPO)J;IlTOH.
TaKllM 06pa30M, apxeOJIOrnqeCRIIP
MaTepllaJlbI EeJILCRoro ropo,!.\IIIlI,a II CBH-
3aHHbIX C HIIM MOrllJlbHIIROB lIORa3bI-
BaK)T, qTO pa3BlITlIe IICRYCCTBa 1I peJIII-
rim MeCTIIoro 3eMJIep;eJIbqeCROrO nace-
JleHIHI .TlecocTelIlI BOCTOqHOll EBponLI
lIpOIlC XO,!.\IIJIO yme B HaqaJIe CRII!jJCROR
3nOXlI B TeCHOM B3aIlMop;eRCTBIIII
H nop; BJIIIHIDIeM CRII!jJCROR peJIII-
rllII n 3DepllHoro CTlI.1IH. EJIarop;a-
pH 3TO IY B JIec.oCTelIlI He TOJILRO lIOJlY-
'raIOT IIIlIpORoe paClIpOCTpaneHlIe Me-
TaJIJllIqeCRlIe II ROCTHHblC 1I3)J;eJlIUl,
I ftf. JI. M a"CUMo8a. Cepe6pJIHOe 3epKaJIO 1I3
KeJIepMeca. CA, T. XXII, 1954, CTp. 304;
E. O. IIpYuteBc"as£. XYAomecTBeliHaJI 06-
paooTKa MeTaJIJIa (TOpeBTIIKa). AfCII.
M.- J1., 1955, CTp. 329; B. B. IIuorpo8-
c"u U. CKII bI II ApeB1I1I1I BOCTOK. CA,
T. XIX, 1954, CTp. 144; M. fl. ApraMonoB.
K Bonpocy 0 npollcxomAeHll1l CKII<pcKoro
IICnYCCTBa. Cf3, XXII. J1., 1962, CTp. 32;
M. H. ApraMono8. IIpOllcxomAeHlle CKII<p-
CJ;oro IICKYCCTBa. CA, 1968, oM 4, CTp. 42;
H. A. Onau1\:o. a eHTpax npoll3BoAcl'Ba
30.l0TbIX 06KJIaAOR 1I0meH II pyROJITOK
CI;IIcJ.>CnTlX Me'lelI, HalIAeHHbIx B IIpIiAHe-
npOBbe. KAM. M., 1966, CTp. 159; A. II.
Mall'tr8tl . 30JIOTOII BelIe 113 KypraHa Ha
p. ha.1I!TBe (n Bonpocy 00 ara<pllpcax).
HAH, T. XXII, 1959, CTp. 74; A. II. Man-
4eetl.,- IIapaAHbIlI Meq 113 KypraHa COJIO-
xa. ".:::\peBHIIe <ppaKIIII bI B CeBepHOM IIpll-
qPPHO)lOpbe». M., 1969, CTp. 113.
2 E. O. IIpyute8c"aH. YKa3. CO'l., CT . 331,
plIC. 8; H. 11.. Map en1>o. J1I1TeU:HaJI 1p0pMa
Konrra VI B. AO H. 3. 113 llalITIlKaneJI.
I-iCIL\. BblII. 89. 1962, CTp. 51.
3 E. fl. I'pa1>08. KaMeHCnoe ropOAII e Ha
JIH'npe. !IIHA, M 36. 1954. CTp. 134; B. A.
Wpa"<lw. 05 1I3rOTOB.leHI!II 30JIOTbIX YKpa-
IIJ(,I!IfII pe)IeCJIeHHIIKa)1II CKII<p1II1. CA,
uno. M 4, CTp. 217.
· M. Ebert. A usgrabungen a \If dem Gute
O(I)Op [.TleHllbIe B 3BepllHo 1 CTIIJlC, no II
o6pa3bI lIOCJIep;IIero lIpolllu-;aIOT B MeCT-
HYIO rJIlIHJlHYIO CI-;YJlblITYPY. CaM 3Be-
pllHbIH CTIIJlb o6oram;aeTcH 3a CqeT HO-
BOR TpaRToBlm o6pa30B II3DeCTHbIX pa-
Hee mllBOTHbIX II paclIpocTpaHeHIIJI
Il'306pameIDIll: MeCTHbIX ffiIIBOTBbIX,
oco6eHHo JlOCH. B3aIlMonpOHII"KHOBeBlIe
xyp;omecTBeHHbIx 06pa30B, IIMeBmllX
RYJIbTOBOe 3HaqeHlIe, cBUAeTeJlbCTByeT
II 0 C6J1l1meHIIII II B3aIl !O;:rPIICTBIIII pe-
mIrllo3HOR MII!jJO:IOrIllI CTelIHbIX II JIe-
COCTelIHbIX lIJIeMeH 0 CYII\eCTBOBaHIiIl
Y HlIX o6Il.\Hx l\Y. bTOD.' AHTpOlIOMOp-
!jJ1I'3aU;IIH 60mecTD D CruHlnIll B03HII-
I{aeT, KaR lIOl{a3blBaIOT HaXO;Jl\II, paHb-
me, qeM 3TO npe;:mo.lara,locb p;o CIIX
lIOP", HO lIepDOnaqa,lhlIO anTpolIo-
Mop!jJHbIe 1I306pameHIIH IIOHBJlHIOTCH
Y JleCOCTeUHbIX lIJle [eH.
1l0JITaBCI;oii ryo. B 1906 r. (,TpY;1bI XI\'
AC», T. II I. M., 1911, Ta,6.'1. III, 4.
" A. H. Me.1/{)"o8a. Boopya;ellile cl;m!>oB.
CAH, BLIII. A1-4. M., 1964, mOJI. 20, 6;
A. II. MalllfeBU'l. llapaAlIbIii )!Cq 113 I; 'p-
rana COJIoxa, CTp. 98-102, pile. 4, 5.
15 A. II. Me.,/{)"o8a. 'Ka3. COq., CTp. 56.
16 H. A. Onau"o. YKa3. COq., CTp. 173.
17 A. II. Man4e8u . llapaAHbIlI Meq 113 I; 'p-
rana COJIoxa. CTp. 113-115.
16 A. If. TepenoJIC"un. IIpe;1cnll<pcKllii Ill"
PIIO;1 Ha AlienpOBCKO)1 IIpaB06epe;nLe.
KneB, 1961, CTp. 71-72, plIc.)6, 2; 47, 1;
C. C. Bepeaancb/w. I{epa)lina oi.lorpy.
AiBcbKoi KYJIbTYPIl. (,Apxeo.lorilJo>, T. XVI.
KIIIB, 1964, CTp. 65, pilC. 18.
19 M. H. ApraMono8. K Bonpocy 0 IIpOIlC-
XOmAeHIIII.., CTp. 27.
20 B. A. rOp00408. YKa3. COq., TaG.l. II, 21,
23-24 II CTp. 151, pliC. 112.
21 B. A. IDpaM"o. I1cCJIeAOBaHIIH Be.1LCKoro
ropoAII a. AI1HY B 1968 1'., BbII!. III.
KlleB, 1971, CTp. 52-53; B..1. Wpa."liO.
AocJIiAmenHH naM'HTO" B oacceiinax Ci B.
AilI JI i BOPCKJIII. AAHY B 1969 p., Bill!.
IV. KlIiB, CTp. 128-129.
22 M. H. ApraMonoB. COKpOBIIII\a CnllcJ.>CnllX
"ypraHoB, Ta6JI. 1, Ta6JI. 17-19; A. Go-
dard. Le tresor de Ziwiye (Kurdistan).
Haarlem, 1950.
23 M. 9. MaTbe, B. K. AifjUllGCbeea, 11. Jf.
11.bH"ono8, B. r. llY1>onun. HCI;YCCTBO
ApeBllero BocToRa. M., 1968, pilC. 263 B.
Maritzyn, Gouv. Cherson. PZ, b. V, 1913,
S. 9-i t.
5 B. A. HAbunc"aH. CKII<pJ.! ;\lIenpoBcKoro
JIeCOCTenlloro J1eB06epembH (KypraHbI llo-
CYJIbJI). KlIeB, 1968, Ta6JI. XVI, 9.
8 B. A. IDpaM1>o. Be;IbCKoe ropoAII e-
BamuelImnii: nOJIHTllqeCKII II II 3KOHOMII'Ie-
CKIlIi eHTp CKII<pCRoii: 3I!OXII B BOCTOq-
HOII EBpone. «XV HayKoBa KOH<pepeH iJI
fA AH YCCP. Te3!1». OAecca, 1972.
7 M. H. ApraMono8. COI;pORIIIHa CKII<pCKIiX
KypraHOB. IIpara - J1., 1966, Ta6JI. 62.
8 A. A. Bo6punc1\:uu. OneT 0 paCKonKax,
,:,pOH3Be;1eHHbIX B 1903 r. B 'lllmplllicKoM
ye3Ae KlIeBcKoII ry6. MArl, Bbill. 14. C1l6.,
1905, CTp. 13-19.
9 B. A. JI.tbllnC1>aR. 'I;a . CO'!., CTp. 37.
10 B. A. IDpaM1>O, O. M, IIrrptllfeH"o, ll. O.
CO.<H4ee, ll. 11.. CPo.llill. OoxOllmeHIIJI i
TexHiKa ClIITTH 6pon oHllx Iia3aHiB paHHbo-
1'0 3aJIi3IIoro BiKY. dIapllCII 3 iCTopii
npllpOA03HaBCTBa i TeXHil,n.>. BbIn. XII.
KlliB, 1970f
\I B. A. IDnJ."'1>o. PaGon] B 6accelIHax
BOpCKJIbI ;r CeBepHoro ;loillra, AO 1971 r.
M., 1972, CTp. 329.
" B. A. IDpa...lio. 06 H roTOII.WHIIH 30JIOTbIX
YKpamenulI.., CTp. 2ti.
13 B. A. ropo8408. L(HPHI1I1I; apxeo.'10rIIqe-
CKIIX IICC.le;1oBaHnii. \I :j"nbKoBCKOM y.
208
" C. A. )J{e6e.Ae8. fpP0;10T " CInI<pCKue 00-
;r;eCTBa. «Ceul'IJlIOP IIpll'lepHOMOpI.e».
,I. - .'1., 1953, CTp. 35.
" R. Ghirshman. Iran protoiranier, meder,
achiimeniden. \\Iunchcn, 1964, pI. 52.
6 J/. 9. MaTbe, B. H. AifJanacbeea, H. ilf.
l1.bR"ono8, B. r. .7YliOHUH. '1;a3. COq., pllC.
2636.
07 Jf. If. Apra.'lOlio8. .-\IITpOnO)lOp<pHbIe 00-
meCTBa II pe:mmn C""<pOB. ACf3, Bbill. 2.
J1., 1961, CTp. 64-65.
08 Jl. H. ApraMono8. COI,pOBn a CKII<pCKUX
KypraHoB, TaOJI. 186.
-Q C. A. To"ape8. PeJIl!rllH B IICTOpll1l II a-
pOAOB mipa. M.. HJ64, CTp. 313.
,v TpeH enll-Ba'<bdanrPe.tb lIMpe. MII<p0.10-
mJI. \\I., 1959, CTp. 54; 3. II. CO"O.<08a.
KYJIbT ,KUIIOTllbIX B pe.ll1rIIHx. M., 1972,
CTp. 188.
31 BbIcoTa Kyprana 1,6 )1, Al!aMeTp 37 M. 1\I0-
rrrJIbnaH HMa (150X OO CM) C nepeKpbI-
TlIml 1!3 ABYX pH;10B I!;IaX yrJIy6.'1ella
HII,I,P IIorpe6eHnoii nO'IRbI Bcero Ha 50 CM.
iRenII\lIlla cpe;1HIIX .1eT IIOJIOmeIla B BbI-
THnYTO)1 nOJIoa;enlln Ha CI!lIlIe, rOJIOBa
opllellTIIpOBaHa na 3anaA.
30 B. A. IDpaM"o. CJIeAbI 3eMJIeAeJIbqeCKOrO
"YJIbTa y JIeCOCTenHblX nJIeMeH CeBepHO-
1'0 IIpll'lepHOMOpbJI B paHHeM ,KeJIe3HOM
BeKe. CA, 1957, oM 1, CTp. 189, pilC. 8.
33 M. H. ApraMono8. AIiTponoMop<pHbIe 60-
meCTBa B peJIllrll1l CKIlq>OB, CTp. 64.
3i TaM me, CTp. 59,
E. R. MaKCHMOB
BOM, HHYTPIL KOTOpOro BbIpeaaHa roJIO-
Ba JIOOl C rop6aTbIM HOCOM, pTOM, C
OqepqellllbDm OTBIICJlbIMII ry6aMll,
KalweBlI::\HbIM rJIaaOM II YXOM B 4>OpMC
CHJlbHO BblTIIHYToro TpeyrOJIbHIIKa.
H a.l\J>.'IIOBbe IITIIU,bI peaKO OqepqeHO
H lIaCeqeHO roplIaOHTaJIbHbIMII JIIIHHH-
Mil. r.la3 Bb!nOJIHeH B BII.l\e meCTII.'Ie-
neCTnOBoii poaeTKII. ITplI'IeM, rJlaa-
poaPTKa OXBaqeH CIIJIbHO lIaOrHYTbIM
KJ1IOBO 1 BToporo lIa06pameHHH lIT HU,bI ,
rOJlona. l'OTOPOH paCIIOJIOmeHa HilmI'
rJl3aa-po3eTKII. Y BTOpOH nTIIu,bI pe3-
IIblMII :IIIHHHMII IIOKa3aHbl Ha)J;KJlIO-
IIhC II no.'IyOKpymHocThlO C TOqKOH B
IlenT!)!! - r.1a:3a.
Cpe:UfilH qaCTb KJlbIKa yKpaIIIeIIa
4>nry poii O.-WIIH, CTOHm;ero B (t II blO llle II
n03e». h1\K 6bI Ha u,bIIIOqKax. Ero cnH-
Ra Bblrn /Ta, nepe.l\HHH qaCTb TYJlOBHIlla
IIblRepnYTa. a rOJIOBa onym;eHa
BHII:I n lIaXO.l\HTCH Mem.l\y IIepe)J;HII m
If :WJIIIDIII RoraMH. Mopp;a OJleIIH He-
CKO.'II,r;o Y;:\.lHHeHnaH, ry6bi o60:lHaqe-
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Ilblii. ':\o B 4>OpMC CIIJIbHO BbITHHYToro
Tpeyro.l b IlIIK a, 06pam;eHIIoro OCTpbIM
yr.TJO\1 RRepx, npHmaTO K IIIee. Pora
O.fW!lH IwfBlICTbIe H KOHU,bI HX IIpeg-
CT311.]HI"T Xe:'daTlIqeCKHe op.rrlIHbIe ro-
.10Rhl!. . fiOTOpbIX IIpopa60TaIIbI Kpyr-
:Ib!e l.la3a H poroBHu,a IIa.l\KJIIOBbH.
06(> ];l.llIIle HorlI OJIeHH IIJIOTHO nplIma-
HI (UI!<l r-; .:IpyrOH. ITpep;n.rreqbe nepe.l\-
III!\ 11('1" YCII:TeHO roJIOBOH c.aHrlI. 11306-
pameHlIe caHrn .l\ano pe3HbDI KOHTypOM.
tJeTKo BbI.l\eJIen KaII.'1eBII.l\IlbIii rJIa3,
IIOqTH C.'1HTbIIl C JI06HOii qaCTblO, HOC
HaBlIcaeT Ha.l\ HHmHell ry60ii. Ha pore
JIOMaHbIMH IIHHIIIIMH IIOKa: aHbI YTOJI-
m;eHIIII, IIpHcym;ne callrar-;aM-caMu,aM.
Ha 3a.l\Hell Hore HMeeTCII 1I306pameHHe
1I30rHYToII .'1eCTIIHqKH.
Ha IIIlIpOKO 1 KOHu,e KJIblKa BbIpe3aHa
4>lIrypKa KaoaHa, R IIOJIHbIrr pOCT, CTOH-
m;ero Ha KOHqIlKaX KOIIbIT «<Ha U,bIIIOq-
Rax»). fOJIOBa ero OIIym;eHa, IIaCTb,
BoopymeHHafI OCTpblM KJIbIKOM, C.llerKa
HOBbIE HAXO,D}Uf CABPOMATCHOrO
3BEPHHOrO CTHJUI
B rrOBOJIllibE
B 1965 r. B CapaToBcKlIll 05JIaCTHOll
:MY3ell KpaeBe.l\eHllJI IIOCTYlll1JI1I CBe)J;e-
HIIH 0 pa3pymeHIIII KypraHa y c. Ho-
BOllpnBOJIbHoro POBeHcKoro paiioHa Ca-
paToBcKoii 05JIaCTII. ITpoBe.l\eHHoe HaMil
06CJIe.l\OBaHHe IIOKaaaJlO, qTO OKOJIO
ceJIa HOBOIIplIBOJIbHOe lI.l\eT IIHTeH-
CIIBHoe paapymeHlIe JIeBOro 5epera
BOJIrH. ITO.l\MbIBaeMbIH BOJIrOrpa)J;CKIIM
BO.l\OXpaHIIJIIIm;eM BblCOKlIii 6eper 60JIb-
illlIMII rJIHHIICTbIMII rJIbI6aMII IIa.l\aeT
B BOAY. TaK 6bIJI pa3pYIIIeII II Haxo-
)J;IIBIIIHii:c II Ha IIepBOH KopeHHOH Tep-
pace KypraII. ITplI HalI50JIbIDeM crra.l\e
BO.l\bI Ha 06IIameHHOM 6IIqeBHJIKe
06HapymeHbI OT.l\eJIbHbIC 'IeJIOBeqeCIHIP
}WCTH H HaH.l\eH pH.l\ IIpeAMeToB B
3BepHI!OM CTIIJIe. O)J;HaKO HaIIIH 06cJIe-
)J;OBaIIHH MeCTa HaXO)J;KH He .l\alOT B03-
MOif<IIOCTH rOBoplITb, npH.Hap;JIemaT JIll
npe.l\MeTbI O.l\lIOMY IIJIIl HeCI{{)JIblmM
IIorpe6a.1bHbIM KOMn.rreKcaM.
C06paHHaH KOJIJIenu,1I1I rrpe.l\MeTOB
caBpmWTcr-;oro 3BeplIHoro CTHJlH BeCb-
Ma CBoeoopa3Ha H IIHTepeCHa. OHa ("0-
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illlIpOKlIX - 60JIbIIIOH H Ma.'IbIH II cpeA-
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KJIbIK, ;:{.'1lIIIOIO 16 CM, IIMeeT TPII pe3-
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CTHJIH30BaHHoro mlIBOTHoro cllepxy".
216
C JTIIM HeJIb3H eOrJIaCHTbCH. Ha 1I30-
opamellIlHX CTaplII KlIx n MallKOlIcKHX
ii.THilleR OTCYTCTBYIOT Ha,a; rJJa3aMH TOp-
'la11\lIe YlIIII. CxeMa 3BepH eru;e OOJIee
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TOBKa nplInaBIlle1'O K 3eMJJe xlIru;HllKa.
B IIII0M CTII.'Ie Bblpe3aH lIpHIIaBililIll:
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I;a (pIIC. 1, 3). OH BeCbMa peaJIIICTlIqerr
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8TO 1I300pammme COJIIImaeTCH C H30-
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'le!];Be,a;b Ha npHMoyrOJIbHOH n.TIaCTlIne
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ell B IIplIKaMbe B n03,a;HeaHaHblIHCKoe
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!tUII npncnOCOOJJeHa K cyru;ecTBYIOru;eM '
y HIIX KYJJbTY Me,a;Be)1H.
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CTaplIuhoM K 'praHe 19. Cxe Ia :mepH.
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217
KOll H306paIReHHHM na rrOBOJIIRCKHX
6JIHllIKaX HB.1HeTCH «pHrypKa CTOHll\ero
MeABep;H Ha I1aBepllIHH 6pOH30BOrO 3ep-
KaJIa H3 CJIY'IallHOll HaXOp;RH B Maii:-
KOnCROM pallOHe, ony6JIHKOBaHIIoro
K. <1>. CMHpHOBbIM 20, ROTOpblH OTMe'la-
eT op;HHaKOBYID TpaKTOBRY Mep;BelRbHX
JIan Ha CTapH KHX H MallKonCKHX 3K-
aeMrrJIHpax.
HOBonpHBoJIbHeHcRHe Haxop;RH npep;-
CTaBJIHIDT opHrHHaJIbHbIll: H caM06blT-
Hblll: ROMnJIeRC caBpoMaTcRoro HCRYC-
CTBa B KOCTH H MeTaJIJIe KOH a VI-
I B. Grakov. Monuments de la culture scy-
thique entre Ie Volga et les aural. ESA
IV. Helsinki, 1929. '
2 C. C. TJCPH.Ul>06. 3araAKa 30JIOTOrO KYP-
raHa. M., 1965, CTp. 34-35, Ta6JI. XVII.
3 C. H. PYOCH.l>O. KYJIbTypa HaCeJIeHUH
eHTpaJIbHOrO AJITali B CKu<pCKoe BpeMH.
M.- J1., 1960, CTp. 51, pUC. 270.
· M. H. ApTaMOH.06. COKpoBH a CKU<pCI\IlX
KypraHoB. IIpara - J1., 1966, Ta6JI. 329.
TaM me, TaOJI. 93; G. Borovka. Scythian
Art. London, 1928, tabl. XVII.
6 C. H. 3aMRTH.UH.. CKU<PCKU" MOrUJIbHlII;
«'IacTble KypraHbI* nOA BopoHemeM. CA,
VIII, 1946, CTp. 32, pilC. 19, 2; CTp. 44,
pUc. 35.
7 C. H. PyoeH.l>O. YKa3. COq., CTp. 270.
6 B. B. BUH.Oepaoo6. CapMaTbI CeBepo-Bo-
CTOqHOrO KaBKa3a. Tp. 'IHHHH, T. VI.
fP03HbIR, 1963, puc. 7, 1.
9 C. H. 3aMSlT1tlw. Y"a3. COq. (puc. 2, 2; H.
1-4); A. B. 36pye6a. HCTOpll1! UaCCJIl'III1H
IIpllKaMbH B anaHbuHCKYIO JIIOXY. MHA.
30, 1952, Ta6JI. XXVI, 6, 13; Ta6JI. XXIX,
8; C. B. KuceAe6. ApeBHHH IICTOpll1! lOa;
HOR CH6npH. M., 1951, Ta6JI. XXV, 2, 3.
nepnOll rrOJIOBHllbl V BB. P;O H. 3. BeCbMa
XilpilRTepHO, qTO BCe H306paIReHHH ne-
peAalOT OAHIIO'lHblH 06pa3. 3AeCb HeT
Cl.\ell OOpbObl, CXBaTKH IRUBOTHbIX.
B lIeROTOpblX ROMrr03H HHX ell\e '1YBCT-
BY IOTCH rrpH3HaKH H npHeMbl paHHerO
:IBCpnIlOrO CTIIJIH II B TO IRe BpeMH no-
HB.1HIDTCH '1epTbl B03p;ell:CTBHH BHemHHX
E;:IHHIIHii:, HAYll\HX He H3 op;Horo, a H3
HeCKOJIbRHX pa3JIH'IHblX pall:OHOB,-
n pHypaJIbH, KaBKa3a H OT'IaCTH rpe'le-
CKIIX eIlTpOB CeBeplloro ITplI'IepHO-
lOpbH.
10 .If. H. ApTaMOH.06. YRa3. COq., pUC. 73, 81j
G. Borovka. Op. cit., tab!. XVI, b, C.
11 G. Borovka. Op. cit., tab!. XVI, d.
" B. B. <PapMa1>06Clwii. ApXaU'IeCKH" ne-
pUOA B POCCIIU. MAP, oM 34, 1914, CTp. 31,
pllC. 8; M. Ebcrt. Ausgrabungen auf dem
Gute Maritzyn PZ, V. Berlin - Leipzig,
1913, S. 9, Abb. 6.
\3 ApXUB I1A AH CCCP, A. 2380a, JI. 23.
" K. <P. CMUPH.06. CaBpoMaTbi. M., 1964,
pllC. 81, 3.
" OTqel B. II. illUJIOBa 3a 1961 r. APXUB HA
AH CCCP, A. 2380, JI. 144.
,. .If. H. POCT06IfC6. KypraHHble HaXOAKU
OpeH6yprcKoR 06JIaCTH 3IIOXU paHHero II
1I03AHero 3JIJIIIHII3Ma. MAP, oM 37, 1918,
CTp. 21-22.
11 A. B. 36pye6a. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. XXXI,
12; A. A. CnUlfblH.. fJIHAeHOBcKoe KOCTII-
e. 3PAO, XII, 1-2. CII6., 1901, CTp. 242.
!8 J. B. n1>06en1>O. KnbIKIl C 300}IOplpHblM\t
lI:wopamellUI!MlI. CA, 1 \169, oM 4, CTp. 202-
203, puc. 1, 4.
" APXIIB HA AH CCCP, A. 2380a, JI. 23.
" K. <P. CMupno6. YKa3. COq., pUC. 81, 4.
M. A. ,l];3BJIeT
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paROHe Opp;oca IIMeIOTCH B Tpex CTHJIH-
CTH'leCKH pa3JIlI'lHhlX BapllaHrax, rrpII-
'leM B ,a;BYX CJIY1JaHX l'OJIOBbI Bcp6JIIO-
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Hhl nJIaCTHHhI C pa3JIH1JITbIMII rCOMeT-
plI'leCKHMH y30paMII.
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OTCYTCTByeT; 3,a;eCb HMeeTCH PH;( 6.TIHX
C rrapon mIlBOTHbIX, corroera B.lcnHbIX
1 F.-R. Martin. L'age du bronze all musee
de Minoussinsk. Stockholm, 1893.
2 A. Salmony. Le plaquettes de bronze de
Minoussinsk. «Gasette des bpa !Ix-arts».
Janvier, 1934. Paris, 1934, np. 2
8 jJ. r. Ca8UHo8. IIorpe6eHue c [,pOIl30BOll:
6JIHXOll: B eHTpaJIbIIOll: TYBe. KCllA, 119,
1969, cTp. 104-108.
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TeJIbJJyIO npHMeCb cBHHD;a, Tor,a;a KaK
B MHHYCHHCKOll: KOTJIOBHHe 6JIIIXH OT-
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TopbIe Han,a;eHHbIe Ha EHHcee 6JIHXH
MomHO C1JHTaTb npHB03HbIMH. rYIIH-
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EHHceft MomHO CBH3b1BaTb C KOHTpO-
.1eM XYHRY Ha,a; STOll TeppHTopIIeii.
pUC. 16; B. M. <P. opuJicr;uu.. IIepB06b1T-
IIbIe CJIaBHHe no IIaMHTH}lKaM nx AOUCTO-
pUqeCKOU mII3HH, q. I I, Bbln. 2. TOMcK,
1897, pUC. 126; J. Strzygows i. .Altai-
Iran und volkerwanderung. LeIpzIg, 1917,
Abb. 178; G. Borovka. Scythian Art. Lon-
don, 1928, pI. 53 - A; M. Ro tovtzef!. !he
Animal Style in South RUSSIa and Chma.
Princeton, 1929, pl. XXVIII, 7; N. Fett ch.
Bronzeguss und Nomadenkunst. Skythika,
II. Prague, 1929, pl. XI, 8; A. Salmony.
YKa3. COq., pHC. 5, B. II. JIe8aUJ.08a. H3
AaJIeKOrO npOillJIOrO IOmHOll: qaCTII Kpac-
HOlIpCKoro KpaH. KpacHoHpcK, 1939, Ta6JI.
X 3' C. B. KUCeJle8. )].peBHHH IICTOpll1i
IDm OII ClI6lIpn. M., 1951, TaM. XXII, 1
(pHCYHOK nepeBepHYT); D. Carter. The
Symbol of the Beast. The Animal Style
Art of Eurasia. New York, 1957, pl. 10;
10. C. fPUULUJi. IIpOlI3BOACTBO B Tarap-
CKYIO :moxy. MilA, oM 90. M., 1960, pilC.
15; H. B. HaUfer;uH. YKa3. COq., CTp. 163-
165; «Scythian, Persian and Centr l Asian
Art from the Hermitage CollectIOn. Le-
ningrad», Tokyo - Kyoto, 1969, pilC. 71.
7 H. TO./tCTOU. II H. KOJiOar;o8. YKa3. COq.,
pllC. 78; F.-R. Martin. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI.
20-15; J. Strzygowski. YKa3. COq., pilC.
178, 15; A. Salmony. YKa3. COq., pnc. 9;
C. B. KuceAe8. 'YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. XXI, 16;
D. Carter. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 10.
8 K. httmar. Die Fruhen Steppenvolker.
Baden - Baden, 1964, S. 77.
9 «OTqeT HMnepaTopcr;oro POCCIIHCKoro UC-
TOpIl'IeCKOrO MY3eII B MOCKBe 3a 1915 r.»
M., 1916, pilC. 46; G. Borovka. YKa3. COq.,
Ta6JI. 53, 8; M. H. POCT06lfe6. CpeAHRHali
A3UII, POCCIIH, KnTall: II 3BeplIHblii CTIIJIb.
IIpara, 1929, Ta6JI. III, 8; A. Salmony.
YKa3. CO'l., pilC. 1. i5; C. B. KuceAe8.
YKa3. COq., n6JI. XXI, 13; M. II. rpRBJi08.
)].peBHell:illlle naMHTHHKn repOnqeCKOrO
;moca lIapOAOB IOmlIOH ClI6lIpn. «Apxeo-
JIOrIl'IeCKIIH c60pHIIr;,), Bbin. 3. JI., 1961,
puc.4.
· A. B. jJa8"tOo8a. K Bonpocy 0 xYIIHcKnx
xYAomecTB,j'HlIblx 6poH3ax. CA, 1971, oM 1,
CTp. 93-1 .
5 H. B. HaUfer;uH. KOCOrOJIbCKIIll: K,lal\. AO
1966 1'., CTp. 163-165.
6 lJ. TO./tCTOU. II H. Kouoar;o8. Pycor;IIe
IIpeBlIocTIl B naMHTHIlKax IICKyccTBa,
BbIn. III. CII6., 1890, pilC. 77; Ta6JI. 29,
226
10 jJ. A. K./te.MeHlf. )].peBlIOcTIl MHHycuHCKO-
1'0 MY3eH. TOMCK, 1886, Ta6JI. VIII, 3;
F.-R. Martin. YKa3. COq., TaGJI. 30-17;
J. Strzygowski. YI,a3. COq., pUC. 106;
A. Salmony. Yr;a3. COq., pile. 14; .Y. Ega-
mi, S. JJizuno. Iuner !llongolia and the
Region of the Great Wall. «Archaeologia
Orientalis», B. Serie", \"01. I. Tokyo and
KyolO, 1935, q. II, pue. 76, 1, 2; H. B. Ha-
Ufer;UH. YKa3. COq., pne.
II F.-R. Martin. YKa3. COq., Ta6.1. 30, 18, 20;
J. Strzygowski. ha3. COq., pHC. 106;
N. Fettick. YKa3. CO'I.. Ta6JI. XII, 1, 2;
A. Salmony. Yr;a3. COq., puc. 13; N. Ega-
mi, S. Mizuno. YKa3. COq., pllC. 76, 3;
H. B. HaUfer;uH. YKa3. COq., CTp. 164, pilC.
12 F.-R. Martin. Yr;a3. COq., Ta6JI. 29, 13;
A. Salmony. 'Ka3. COq., puc. 16; J. Strzy-
gowski. YKa3. COq., puc. 178, 13; D. Car-
ter. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 10.
U F.-R. Martin. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 29, 19;
J. Strzygowski. YKa3. COq., pilC. 178, 15;
A. Salmony. YKa3. COq., pHC. 7; C. B. Ku-
ce./te8. YKa3. COq., Ta6.1. XXI, 18; D. Car-
ter. Yr;a3. COq., Ta6JI. 10.
U jJ. A. K./te.MeHe14. Yr;a3. COq., Ta6JI. VIII,
29; F.-R. Martin. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 29, 11;
A. Salmony. YKa3. COq.. pUC. 8; D. Carter.
YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 10.
15 M. H. ApTa.MOHo8. hO\m03I1 lIn C JIaHA-
illa<pTO I B cr;II<p0-CUQUPCIWM IICKyccTBe.
CA, 1971, .N'. I, CTp. 88: 01> JlCe. COKpoBII a
caKOB. M., 1973, CTp. 128.
'8 A. B. jJa8btOo8a. Yr;a3. COq., CTp. 94.
17 10. C. fPUUJ.UH. YKa3. COq., CTp. 165.
18 M. A. jJ38./teT. a nOHCHbiX II pliMO)TOJIb-
HbiX amYPHbix nnaCTUHax C H306pame-
HlleM mllBOTHbiX H3 UelITpaJIbHOH A31I1I II
ClI6lIpu. «IIp06JIeMbI :HuorCHe3a HapoAoB
CII6Hpii II )].aJIb!IerO BonoRa» (Te3HcbI AO-
KJIaI\OB). IIOBOCII6Hpo;. 1973, CTp. 56-58.
19 C. H. pyaeHr;o. KYJIhTypa XYHIIOB U HOII-
HYJIIIHCr;Ue "ypraHbl. [- J1., 1962, CTp.
76.
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apxeOJIOrllqeCROll .1IlTepaType. TeIIPill,
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BOCTORa Ra 3arraT(, a OTMeqeHITOe pac-
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":IC leHTOB ):IeJIaeT Bce 60JIee IIpe;J;rrOq-
TI!Te.lbHbIM IIpe;I,LIo.loiKeHlIe 0 Mllrpa-
[Lilli.
B a pxeo.loJlfqeCKO 1 BbIpaiKeITIIII peqb
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pllTI - 0 EJIaCClfqeCKOM BOilpoce: 061ITa-
:II! :J;J.ecb B capMaTCKoe BpeMH IIOTO I-
iiI! caBpmlaToB If.llf, KaI, 1I0JIara.1
\1. II. PocToB eB, HOBOI' Hace.leHIIe
[Ij1ll0bIJIO C BOCTORa. B TaKoll IIOCTaHOB-
.)'t.,
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II03BOJIIIJIlI C. 11. Py):leHKO IIOMeCTIiTh
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ce):lell: apllMacIIoB, OTHIlMaBllIilX y !lUX
30JIOTO, Ha):lO pa3MecTIITb IIO COCC;:\CTBY,
B MCCTax ]];eiiCTBIITe.'lbHOrO OOIl.lIIH xy-
):IOiKecTBeHHoro 30JIOTa, rLI,e Il c06paRa
3HaqIITeJIbHaH qaCTb CuollpcRoii I;O.l-
JIeKII,III! - B IIOUpTblilibe. IblenoBaHI!e
IIX o):lIIOrJIa3bIMII, BI!):IIi !O, IDleeT rrepBO-
OCHOBOii KaKIIe-TO 06pa3bI IIX 60rOB 1I.1II
Mu<p0JIOrUqeCKIIX repoeB. B CBH3I1 C
3TIIM 06paIII,aeT ITa ce6H BRIBIaHlle pac-
IIpocTpaHeHITOCTb MeLI,lIbIX cPlIrYPOK
ypO):l eB (oMOrJIa3bIx. O):lROpyRIIX II
O):lHOITOr:IIX) cpeWi TIOpRCRTIX rr.le leH
VI-XI BB. IT. 3.9 A. X. Xa.llfKoB CBH-
3bIBaeT 3TIf cPl1rYPKII C ):IpeBIICTIOpRCI,II-
MIl TOTeMIIqeCKUMII .1ereIIil.a 1IJ 0 rrpo-
HCXOiK):IeHIfIf XYHHY OT 1f3ypOIl,OFlaIlIIO-
ro repOH. )J;eiicTBlfe 3TlfX .TIereH;\ rrpo-
IICXO):lIIT Mem,n;y A.1TaeM, Apa.l0M II
RaClllleM. O):lITOrJIa3bDIIJ II O;J:HOIIOrI!MII
npe]];CTaBJIHIOT CBOIIX JIeCHbIX LI,YXOB
«llIyp3JIe) ((HPbIMTbIK») 6aIlIRupbI lo .
C06CTBeHHO XYHHY KlITaHCl>lIX IICTOq-
HIIROB 06lfTaJIIf BIIJIOTb ]];0 I;OHII,a I I I B.
no H. 3. IOmHee 06JIaCTII, OTBO):lllMOll Y
repO):lOTa aplfMaCIIaM. IIO COCe):lCTBy C
HIIMII, II .TIlflIIb B rrOc.1C):IIIne BeRa ):10
H. 3. RaqaJIIf 6ypnylO 31,CTI!\nCHlO. Be-
pOHTHO, If B paHOl! apI1MaCIIOB, BOll H
B KOHTaRT C IICCe):lOHaMIf. I30:!MOmHO,
qTO If caMIf apl1MaCIIbl rrpTIUal.\.lema.1H
TaKiKe I_ TIOpKCKIfM IIaIJOita !.
l1cCeitOIIOB CBH3bIBa.llf I!(I C038Y'II!IO
C p. l1ceTb. ITo TO'II1n IY (,\[h\C.lY n3Be-
CTlfll rep0):lOTa, IfCCe:IO!lb[ ;J(I:liKHbl rra-
XO)i;IlTbCH Mem!!,y Ypa.lhChll\llI ropa lIf,
MaccareTaMII II apn !iJCmnlll. TO eCTb B
CTerrHX OT p. YpaJIa ].0 oacc('iiHOB peK
l1ceTu, ToooJIa If Hrnll !H. :ho !DleilIIO
Te MeCTa, r):le ObI,la co6pa 11;1 :Jarra,J,naH
qaCTb CI!6npCROII RO.l.1CI,1l1111 V - IBB.
):10 II. 3. II KYita yXO].HT I;{'I'III\ Cap)laT-
CKoro !1ChyccTBa py6er!;a II '. Ec:m llC-
ceitOHbl OCTaBa.lllch T;j 1 \1 I: Iloc.lcrepo-
):IOTOBclwe BpC IH, T{I 11\1('1111" I!CCP.10HbI
):IO.liKllhI CqlITaTbCH lli'e'.l";1\111 nopCOB II.
233
ObITb MOiKeT, TaKiKe aJIaHOB (oyp;ym,IIX
HCOB - OCeTIIHOB).
.u;. A. Ma'IlIHCKlIll nO)];MeTHJI, '!TO
3THOHIIM IICCeAOHOB IIC'Ie3aeT co CTpa-
HIIn; reorpaqm'!eCKIIX CO'IlIHeHHH He-
CKOJIbKO paHbme - KaK pa3 TOr)];a, Kor-
)];a nOHB.'1HIOTCR rrepBble yn()MIIHaHHH 0
CHpMaTaX-Cap}faTaX, B IV-III BB. AO
H. 3. OH BbiABlIraeT riinOTe3Y 0 TOM, 'ITO
HCCe)];?,HbI II CTa.'11I Ha3b1BaTbCH capMa-
TaMH . I1pe)];JIaraeMbie 3)];eCb cono-
CTaBJIeHIIH n03BOJIHIOT npe)];nOJIOiKIITb,
'ITO He TOJIbKO rrepBble capMaTCKHe nplI-
meJIblJbI Ha lJorry, HO II nOCJIep;yIOm,IIe
BOJIHbI capMaTClwro HameCTBIIH, B
'IaCTHOCTII aOpCbl, IICXO)];IIJIII Bce HS TOll
iKe OOJIaCTlI. repOAOTOBbiX HcceAOHOB.
Bce CBe)];eHIIH fepO)];OTa 00 aplIMac-
nax H rpIJ(pax, 110 ero npII3HaHHIO, BOC-
XO)];HT K IIcceAOHaM. CJIeAOBaTelIbHO, y
HcceAOHOB AOJIiKHbI ObiJIH ObiTOBaTb
npep;CTaB.1eRIIH 00 0)];HOrJIa3b1X coce-
)];HX. JIIOOOI1b1THO, 'ITO B HapTCKOM ano-
ce oceTlfHOB 110CT01lHHO q,IIrypHPYIOT
0)];HOrJIa3b1e Be.'1IIKaHbI «yaHrH» - coce-
An HapTOB, KOTopble HeHaBHCTHbi Hap-
TaM IIS-3a CBoero HeYBaiKHTeJIbHOrO OT-
HomeHIIH h iKeRID;HHaM. TaK nJIeMeHa
I JI. C. h'.,eltn. CaAOBLIH KypraR - HOBLlII
BLlAaIOIl\IIHCH lIaMHTHI!K capMaTCKOII 3rro-
XI!. «l3CCTUllh JleuilurpaJ.\CKoro yRI!Bepcll-
TeTa», 1962, M 20, CTp. 164-167; S. I. Ka-
poshina. A Sarmatian Royal Burial Grave
at No\'ocherka""k. «Antiquity», vol.
XXXVI, ='I 148, 1963, p. 256-258.
2 C. H. PyrJeluiO. CIl6lipcKali KOJIJIeK lill
neTpa I. C..\J!, :t 3-9. M., 1962, TaOJI.
II, 5, CTp. 42.
3 M. A. .1JBACT. \) I!pOIICXOmJ.\eHIlI! MI!HY-
CI!HCKIIX IIOHCl!h!X IIpHMoyrOJIbHLlX amyp-
HLiX rrpHmCI,. «Te3lIcbI J.\oKJIaAOB III Bce-
cOI0311orr KOIH!)Cp(,ll "II 110 BonpocaM CKII-
<po-cap laTcKoi"1 a pxeoiIorIIlI». M., 1972,
CTp. 50.
· C. H. PurJeHIi" YI;a3. COq., Ta6JI. VI, 3,
CTp. 43. -
JI. M. nJIeTHeBa
C CIIJIbHbIMII nepeiKlITKaMII MaTplIap-
xaTa MOrJIII BocnplIHIIMaTb nOBeAeHIIe
OOJIee naTplIapXaJIbnblX COCe)];ell. I1pe-
)];aHlIe 00 0,lUlorJIa3b1X COce,lVlx - 3TO
em,e OAHa HHTb, YBH3hIBaIOm,aH IIcce-
)];OHOB fepoAoTa C capMaTaMII - aop-
caMII - HcaMH - oceTIIHaMII.
EblJIO Obi O'IeHb 3aMaIPIIIBO OO"1>HC-
HIITb II3JIOmeHHhIMH cooopaiKeHIIH}[JI
JIOKaJIII3an;IIIO HCCe)];OHOB - 3CCe)];OHOB
y TaHaHca HJIII Ha KaBKase y 1103A-
HHX aBTopOB MeJIbi (Mela, I, 115) II
I1JIIIHIIH (Plin. N at. hist., VI, 21), 0)):-
HaKO, BnOJIHe B03MOiKHO, 'ITO SAeCb
pe3YJIbTaT Bcero JIlImb reorpaq,II'IeChOH
aoeppan;IIII, CBH3aHHblll C COBMem,eHlIe}1
YpaJIbCKHX H KaBKa3cKIIx rop II C
OTomp;eCTBJIeHHeM cpe,lUleaSlIaTCKHX II
KaBKa3CKIIX peK t2. EOJIee peaJIIICTlI'IHO
cooom,eHlIe AMMlIaHa Mapn;eJIIIHa
(Amm. Marc., XXX, 2, 3) 0 TOM, 'ITO
aJIaHbI HBJIHIOTCH nOTOMKaMII Maccare-
TOB. Te H APyrne HMeJIH B 3TO Bpe}(H
YiKe BeCbMa nmpOKoe pacnpOCTpaHe-
HlIe, O)];HaKO B03MOiKHO, 'ITO 3TO COOO-
m,eHHe roBOpHT 0 npOiKlIBaHlI1I aJIaHOB
IOmHee aopCOB )];0 npHXO)];a Tex II APY-
rnx B I1plIa30Bbe.
IIPE,II;METbI 3BEPI1HOrO CTHJIH
B CPE,II;HEM ITPHOBbE
I1pep;MeTbI, BhInOJIHeHHble B SBepHHOM
CTlIJIe, HailAeHbI B CpeAHeM 11 pliOObe
Ha nOCeJIeHHHX IDeJIOMOK I, IDeJIo-
MOK II, EacaHJJ;ailKa I, CaMycb II,
(P. TOMb), 3ape'IHaH fopha (p. qy-
JIblM). ECTb OHII II cpeJ\H CJIY'laiiHblX
Haxo,'J:oK Ha CTapOM MYCYJlbMaHCKOM
K'Ia)];OIIm,e, CaMycb I (p. TOMb), Y noc.
BypOIIHO (p. qYJIblM). Ocoooe MeCTO
3aHHMaIOT Bem,II, BXO)];Hm,IIe B COCTaB
TaK Ha3b1BaeMOH CTenaHOBCKOH KOJI-
JIeKIJ,H1I (p. TOMb, OKpeCTHOCTH r. TOM-
CKa). PaCCMOTpHM HeKOTopLie xapaK-
TepHble AJIH )];aHHOrO paHOHa CIOiKeTbi.
O.aeHU. 1. EpOHSOBaH peJIbeq,HaH
q,IIrypKa raJIOllHpyrom,ero OJIeHH (CTe-
naHOBKa). Pora B BIIp;e CJIIIBnmXCH
S-00pa3HLlx neTeJIb, C OTpOCTKaMII
BBepxy, HanpaBJIeHHblMII Bnepe)]; (4)
II HaSa)]; (1). Pora onlIpaIOTCH Ha cnlI-
BY. Mop)];a nO,lUlHTa. Horn nO,'J:iKaTbl H
nO.'IOiKeHbI O)];Ha Ha )];pyryIO (rrepeA-
HHH Ha 3aAHIOIO). Ha oopaTHoti CTOpO-
He eCTb neTeJIbKa (pHC. 1, 1). l1oA06-
HbIe 6mlIIIKII OTHeceHbI H. JI. qJIeHO-
BOH KO II rpynrre II )IaTlIpYIOTCH
V - IV BB. )];0 R. 3. t 113 HOBblX HaxoAoK
OTMeTlIM 6JIJIillKlI, HaHAeHHble B Cepe6-
pHKOBCKOM MOrHJIbHIIKe, B KypraHe
12, l.orn:JIe I (11-1 BB. AO H. 3.) 2 II B
HeKpaCOBCKOM - B KypraHe 2 3 .
2. BpoH30BaH q,IIrypKa O:IeHH HaH-
)];eHa Ha 110CeJ1eHIIII 3ape'IHaH fopKa.
Mop)Ia ero nO)];HHTa, yxo pa3ABoeHO.
HorlI rrO)];OrHYTbI, 06pa3YH ABe l1eTJIII,
pora Ra cnlIHY He onlIpaIOTCH (pIlC. 1,
· M. A. l1iJ8./ter. YKa3. co'!., CTp. 50.
· C. H. PyrJen,;o. ¥Ka3. COq., Ta6JI. I\", 2.
7 C. H. PyrJen1>o. KYJIbTypa HaCeJICHIlH fop-
Horo AJITaJl B CKIl<pCKoe Bpe IH. M.-.1.,
1953, CTp. 312, Ta6JI. XXX!!, 4.
· . TaM me, pl!c. 83.
9 A. CnUlfbln. ¥pOAJII!BLle Me;J;UbIe CTaTY3T-
KI!. MAK, 29. Cn6., 1909.
to A. X. Xa./tU1>08. MaKJIameeBCKaH Bca.1HII-
a. CA, 1971, .N'2 1.
" 11. A. Ma'tunc1>uil. a BpeMeHil lIepBoro 3K-
TI!BHOrO BLiCTYIIJIeHIlH capMaToB B nO:1I!e-
npoBbe no CBI!AeTeJIbCTBaM aHTIIqHblX
nl!CbMeHI¥>Ix IlCTOqHIlKOB. ACf3, BbIn. 13.
J1., 1971, c1P. 54.
12 JI. A. E./t"'-u,!1>uil. 3HaHIIH ApeIJlIlIX n ce-
BepHLIx CTpaHlJ.x. M., 1961.
2). BaHillKa ;:\aTlIpyeTcH V -IV BB. )];0
H. .J.'
3. II300paiKeHHe rrpOTOM P;BYX OJIe-
HeH, oopam,eHHblx r0J10BaMII B npoTH-
B0l10JIOffiHble CTOpOHbI (CTenaHoBKa,
opoH3a). Mop,'J:hl oJIeHeil pa3Hble, npa-
BaH MeHbme .'IeBoil, J1eBaH HanOMIIHaeT
XlOp,'J:y .'10CH. fJIa3a II H03)];PII Y 060HX
o:IeRen rrepe aHbI HMKaMII, )];JIIIHHOH
.1IIHlIen C 110nepe'IHblMII Hape3KaMH
IIOKa3aHbI BO:IOCbI Ha mee (pIIC. 1, 16).
CTIlJlb q,IIrypOK OJ1HSOK II306pameHIIHM
rr3 VII rpynnbl no KJ1aCclIq,IIKan;HH
H. JI. QJ1eHOBOH (BepoHTHaH )];aTa -
III B. AO, a.)', H() )];BOHHbIe q,IIrypKII
o elIen B TarapcKoH KYJ1bType He1I3Be-
I' TII bi.
J] oUlaou. 1. EpoH30BaH q,IIrypKa
.10ma;::(II B KO.'Ibn;e (IDeJ10MOK II). Yxo
110J1YKpyrJloe. fOJlOBa nplInO)];HHTa.
f.U3 rr H03,'J:pII YCHJ1eHbI peJIbeq,oM.
Horn BbiCOKlIe, CTpoHHble. XBOCT onIl-
paeTcH Ha KO.1bn;O. Ha cnlIHe IIMeeTCH
THiK, COe)];IIHHIOrrWH q,IIrypKY C KOJlb-
UOXI (pIIC. 1. 4). l1oA06Ha II306paiKe-
IIlIIO na rraBepmIIII HOiKa II3 MOrIIJ1bHII-
ha \1a.1aH MrrHyca (V B. AO B. 3.) 6.
. Pe.1beq,HaH q,IIrypKa CTOH eH
:I OIlIil All (CTenaHoBKa, 6poH3a). JIo-
rna,J.b HII3IWpOCJlaH, rplIBa rrepe)];aBa Ha
cmllle BaJiIIKOM, ymii CTOH'IHe. f.'Ia3 II
R03;l.]J1! BbirrO.1HeHbI B BH)];e HMOK. Ha
OOOP'JTIIOll cTopoHe IIMeeTCH rreTe.1bha
(pilI'. I. 3). ARaJ10rHII eH 1I3BeCTHbi B
KO IfI:leKce MOrnJ1bHIIKa MaJiaH l1HH, B
Kypr,lHe 3 (\"-IV BB. )];0 H. 3.) II B Ma-
235
Tep1'laJIax Jh,JCOB fop},] na He (V -IV
DB. JI,O II. a.) '.
/{ 03J1bl (Bce TPII lIai!: elIbl Ba CTena-
IIOIJKe). 1. PeJIbetPHan q,nrypKa K03.'Ia
C 1l0T\orUYTb1Mll HoraMH. f.'1a3 B BlUJ:e
HMKII, YXO oTAe.'IeHO OT porOB JIllHnell,
pora n306pamenbI n.'1ocKoii Ayroii, onll-
palOli.\ciicH na cnnBY. Ha 6eApe JIllBnn
B BIIAe nOJI)'Rpyra (puc. 1, 7), Ana-
:lOom n3BeCTna B TncYJIbCKOIlI MOrll.'Ib-
IfIlIW, B KyPraBe 7, MOI'JIjle 4 B.
2. Il.'1ocKaR <}JnrypKa CTOHIJ:{ero K03-
.la. l\Iop,a;a onyn eHa. Pora BbrllOJlHeHbI
,!O'roif, orrnparomeifclI Ha crrnBY. Horn
coe,a;IIHellbr. Ha 060POTHOii CTopOHe eCTb
neTeJlbKa (pltc. 1, 5). ABaJIOflUI. 113-
BeCTHa B MOmJIbUI'IKe HeKpaCOBO, B
Kyprane 1 9 ,
3. PeJlbetPHall <}JnrypKa CTOHmero
ropnoro K03JIa. MOPAa HaK.'IOHeHa K BO-
raM. Yxo nOJIYKPyrJIoe, rJIa3 - JlMKa.
nO:lbtWTble pora 3anpOKIIllYTbI Ha cnn-
RY. BMCCTO CKB03R"I:1\. OTBepCTDU - IIM-
Kli. Horn 3aKaHqllBaIOTCH Tome KOJIb-
IJ:a m (HMKaMU). XBOCT AIIHRHblii (pUC.
1. 6). TOtlHoii aBaJIOOIH aToH <}JnrypKe
Hen:mCCTIlO. HeCKOJIbKO rroxoman na
nel' IIaii[(ena B MOrHJIbllHRe TIaMHpcKan
I B "ypraIJe 1010, RO CTerraBOBCKan <}Ju-
ryp/w IJpon:JBO,lJ:lIT BneqaTJIellne He-
CI\O.-II."O Aerpa].(npoBaHnou.
l1306pa:J/CeuuR ,waAoe e pyee. ABe
ii.ll1l11l'11 IIaiiJlenbr na CTerraBGBKC (co-
1'J.IlIlCllllble no TpU), O].(Ha - Ba noce-
.1l'lI1ll1 HleJloJ',IOK I (pnc. 1, 8, 9). Ha
oJ.Jloj", ii./RlnI;:e n3 CTenanomm pora 1'1
nil:! /;o:J.TI8 '{anbl B BRAe KO:1bL(a C Ba-
("f"II,oji. 8 nCR tPRrypRa n306pamena
CXP\l;I1I1'1UO. Y me.10MOKCKOii n OAROi!:
113 C' n'lIilIIOBrI,IIX 6.'IHmeK pi:T lI\a 3y6-
'laT,IIL fTo;J.OOllbre <}JlIrypKII K03!lOB B
"pyn' Jl3BeCTHbr Ba lIaBeprulln noma,
nprJlIf\II: flUu'ro 113 CepefipHKOBCKoro
,o, 1I.11o/II/Ha, l\ypraH 4, '10111:13 21 . Ana-
.1nfll'lli ,I H <}JlIrypH8 onYU:/lIKOBaHa
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J;/1'1: '11'1;'}I10B 13 II Ba lliTaH;J.apTax ".
3ep1:aJla c rjJUlYP'WMU 1>03J10e ua
.'-tecre nereAe . Haii.'\cnbI lIa nocr:JeHlln
BacallAauI;:a I, lllC:lO 101\ I (pIlC. 2,
1-4). <DnrYPKll I1a 3epKa:1ax noce:Ie-
HHH III eJIOM 0 I;: lIeCKOJILI\O OTJIIItliHOTcn
OT 6acallAaiixcKlIx. OUlI AaHbr II CTa-
Tl!.qHOii noae, HO 11306paffiellilH. uo.lee
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pOKO 6hlTYIOT B MIIHYCIlHCl\oii 1\0T;IOBn-
ue, B AqnnCKO-MapHIIIICKm( pallOHe,
ua 3epI{8JIaX, HaBepWllHX K!leBL(OB u
HomeR 15. OBII BCTpe'IerrhI na KOIIYCO-
oopa3HLIX HaBepwIlHx, npollCXoAHlLt;nX
H3 MOrlt.'lblUiRa HryHH 'B. 3epKa.'1a c
<}JnrypKaMlI R03JIOB C Eacan]\aiiI\B I
AaTnpYIOTcn V-IV BB. AO H. 3. 11 EOJlee
peaJIUCTIf'IHJ.IC 1'1306paffiruun cpnrypOK
R03J10B lIa WeJIOMOKCKllX 3epKaJIa x pa3-
pemaIOT IIpe].(IIOJIOmnTb, 'ITO AaTa aTnx
1I3].(eJIl(ji - He n03;J,Hee V B. AO H. a.
H.w6pa:J/Ceuull ceepnY61lle2ocR xUUf-
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pana VI-IV BB. ;:\0 II. ;).
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I ll. JI. '1.Jtel<oea. C"Il(jJCldlii O.lellb. MHA,
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2 A. H. MapTbllwe. B. B. r;",jpe. Ccpe6plI-
"OBC-hUII )IOrll;",llllI;. (d I.'BPOUH iIaoopa-
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3 KJ1AH. PaCIWlll;il ,\. 11. lapTbIHOBa B
HIli r.
· ll. JI. '1.<elfoeo. flpOIIC\O;!;.ll'IIne II paH-
IIHfl I1CTOpl!fl II.le)II'U '!""" pCiwii I;Y.1IbTY-
pbl. M., 1967, CTp. 13\\
5 H. JI. '1."lfoeo. CI;lIlj" "'Iii O.lCHb, CTp.
176, Tao.l. I, 21.
nano ).IHC rrorn, XBOCT I !e)JllII HHbIii , 3a-
Kan'lllBaeTCH nOJIYI{OJIbqOM. OnpeAe-
.111Tb 1!\1lBOTHOe TPY)].HO, aHaJlOrnH
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JJ 306paJ/CeHue u8YUfezo XUUfHUKa
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naCTb pa3llHyraH, 3y6acTaH. Yxo cer-
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V B. AO H. <J. ".
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npeAMeTbl pacnpOCTpaHHIOTCH c VI B.
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eTCH B V B. AO H. 3. Haxo)].KI1 XY O-
meCTBeRHbIX npeAMeToB na noceJle-
HIlHX O'leHb BamllbI AJIH AaTllpoBKU
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Mora/OT YCTaROBUTb AaTY nOCeJleHIlH
llleJloMoK I, llIeJlOMOK II, EacaHAaa-
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PllllHcIwro paiioHa.
12 A. 111. Tallgren. Catalogue de la collection
de M. Znamensi. «Antiquites de la Sibe-
rie occidentale conserveesan Musee, na-
tional de Finlande». Helsinki, 1917, pI. VI,
9.
u KJ1AH. <!JOHl\bI. MOrIfJIbHIIK HrYHlI, R. I
(V-IV BB. 1\0 H. a.). PacKonKII A. H.
MapTbIHOBa B 1967 r.
.. KJ1AH. <!JOHl\hI. MOrIfJIbHIIK HeKpacoBo,
K. I. Pac.KonKif A. 11. MapTblHoBa B 1971 r.
MOrIfJIbHIIK HryrrlI, K. IX, M. 2. PacKonKif
A. H. MapTblHoBa B 1967 r.
15 C. B. Kuce.1!e8. JJ:peBHIIH IfCTOpIfIi lOamoii
CIf6IfplI. MUA, N2 9, 1949, CTp. 140-141,
TaOJI. XXIV, 6; A. H. MapTblH.08. TIfCYJIb-
CKife RypraHhI. ! e lCpoBo, 1972, Ta6JI. f71,
1.
16 KJ1AH. <!JOHJ.{bI. MOrIfJIbHIfK HryrrH. Pac-
KonKif A. H. MapTblHoBa.
17 H. JI. '1./telf08a. flPOIICXO;Kl\eHl!e.., CTp.
83-84.
18 K. (/J. CMupnoe. CaBpoMaTbI. ,M., 1964,
CTp. 16, 23.
6 H. JI. '1./teI<080. IIPOlICXOinl\eHIfe... CTp.
1.58, N2 13, Ta6.11. 25, 19.
7 H. /1. '1./telfoea. fl POIICXOml\eHIfe.., CTp.
158. J'" 1, Taoil. 25,21.
8 KJ1AU. PacI;oIIKlI A. U. MapTblHoBa,
1971 r. r
· TaM ;.Ke.
10 A. H. EeTi-wTOM. HCToplmo-apxeO.1l0rnqe'
CI;I1e OqepKII eHTpaiIbHoro TflHb-IIIallfl n
fla mpo-AJIafl. MUA, N2 26, 1952, pile.
139, CTp. 314.
II A. H. MopTbll<oe, B. B. E06p08. ;I;a3.
COq., Ta6iI. 20, 7.
240
Cl<u<!>o-cB6UpCIIIIl 3BepuIIYI CTIIJlI>
!9 C. H. BoulfwTeul<. flaMflTHIfKII CKII<pCIwro
Bpe ICIJn B 3aIIailHoll TYBe. ¥3THI1HHJ1I1,
BhIn. III. KbI3bIiI, 1955, plIC. 2, 7.
20 /lH.. KY3I<elfoe-KpoCllORpCI'>UU. MIfHYCIIH-
CKife i\peBIJOCTII. TO IC", 1908, Bblil. 1,
Ta6JI. IV, 25.
21 C. H. BoulflllTeul<. ¥Ka3. COq., Ta6.11. IV,
80.
22 H. JI. '1./telfoeo. flpoIICXOml\eHlIe.., TaO.1l.
27, 19, 20.
23 H. JI. '1./te If{) ea. flpOlIcxom"eHlIe.., CTp.
164, M 7, Tao.l. 34, 37.
.. K. ([J. C.1wplfoe. Yha3, COq., CTp. 37, 225,
no.'!. 78. 1, 2.
25 H. JI. '1./telfoeo. flpolIcxom"eHIfe.., Ta6JI.
34, 47, C-Tp. 163, III, M 1.
26 T. H. TpOlllJ"OR. HOBOCIfOIfpCKoe IIpifoobe
B VII-IV BB. 1\0 H. a. «HaY'iHble TpYAbI
HOBOClIoIfpCI;oro fOCY;1apCTBeHHoro nel\a-
rOrlIqeCKOrO IJI!CTIITYTa», Bbln. 38. HOBO-
CIfOIfpCK. 1972, CTp. 13, pHC. 5a.
" H. JI. '1.1PHOeo. ITpoIICXOml\eHlIe.., CTp.
161, IV, No> 1-3.
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rop;eyamx co CII,ellaMH Ha pYCCHOM
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aHTpono- H 300MOp<l>llI.IX <l>H6YJI Bo-
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YKa3aTb na IwcTlInoii: PYKoHTKe noma
C ol(Tloro II.! BHTCfilIX ropOAll . TaM
MeABeAb II:JoGpamen npllceBmHM, no
ero I{OnT 'p. Tpal;:ToBKa MOPAb!, JIan H
lIIbIlllll, cOBepUiPHno llAenTH'lnbI. TaKali
me cPurYPI;i1 Jr.\BeAII C BOJIIOTaMIl, HO,
nO-BIIAIB((I 1 \. Gonce n03Anero BpeMenM
I1;\BeCTRa C f1'''I'IPbl. C.1e YPT :Ja IPTnTh,
'ITO PYI-;OHTI"1 1I0ma 113 KamMpCl\Oro
rop01J;IfIli<l " u.l06pamenHeM ro.TJOBb!
\ B. ..1. r"p. "" '8. ;:J:al,o-cap laTCl>lIe pe.ll -
rnO lIhlP :<:!"\lCnTbI n PYCCKO ( HapO;\HOM
THOpq"OBI' "TpYllbI fH1\h, BbIll. I. M.,
1926.
2 ll.. H. .C,:". ",'. AIITpOIIO- II 300 (OP<PHble
<pllOy.lbl !\',,'TO'lIIOll EBponbi. Y3HH3KB,
T. II. f. 1'1:'1').
3 .'1..1 -' 'i 'r.. ,. .J:peBHlle qepTbI B PYCCIWM
MeABeJUl C OCl-;aJIeliliOH naCTblO Tal,iRe
xopomo ConOCTaBJIlIeTCII Co CIWcPC"IIMU
u306pamenlIIIMIl no OCKaJIY lOp)1LI II
TpeyrOJIbnhIM 3y6aM. ::ha PYI,OHTI;a no
cBoe:ii. KORCTPYKI\1I1l C6JIIlit<aPTCH co
CI;I1cPCKIlMIl. Ha ee nllmHeR rpa 1111 C !l;e-
J!all npope3, KYAa BCTaBJIII.'1CII 'll'pCHOK
Homa R 3aKpen:I1IJICII 1'B03Allh:a 1II 19.
ITOA CKIl<PcKIlM BJIIlHlIHeJII C.'IO:+;lUCII
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noro. 3AeCb, KpoMe ApaKoHa, IO;(;:HO
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poro 3aAnile nom conpllKacalOTcli C
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maBmllMM anaJIornHMIl IIB.'1IIIOTCII Y3-
Ae'lRbIe 6JIHXIl B BIlAe rOJIOBbi .1bBa 113
Kyprana y iKypaBKIl '0, B BIlAe CBep-
nYBmerocH KOJIbD;OM XIllII;lIIII,a n3 KYP-
rana RYJIaKOBcKoro'l, B BHAe peJlbecP-
non rOJlOBbI rpHcPona 113 30JlOT01'O I;:YP-
rana U II !l;pyrne YKpameRll1I Y3AeqHbIX
Ra60pOB '3. Becb MaTepllaJI, IWTOpblM
pacnOJIaraeT apXeOJIOrIlJl, CBIlAeTe.'1bCT-
ByeT 0' mllpolwM pacnpocTpallcRll1l
TpaAHI\IlIl CKMcPcKoro lICKYCCTBa. !{ PO-
Me ApeBlIeR PYCIl II IIpHKaMblI, lOmno
nplI6aBIlTb CeBepnblR KaBI;:a:J, :1a I<aB-
Ka3be, 06JIaCTlI CpeAnen A31111, r;w TIiK-
me PIiA ClOmeTOB CKHcPCK01'O HC "YCCTBa
II TpaKTOBKa 3TIIX 06pa:WB OpralllI'le-
CKIl Bn;re.'1IlCb II MeCTRoe lICKYCCTBO II
rrOCJIymllJIIl npOTOTlInaMIl AJIII 311<1'111-
TeJIbnhIX ceplln Be eB. XponOJIOrllqe-
CKIlB pa pblB H OTCYTCTBlle npmll';«Y-
TOqnhIX THnOB 3aTpYARIIIOT ana.TJILJ Ia-
TepRaJIa. ,r:(aJlhHeii:mee Ral\On.leRIJI' era
nO'IBOJm:T npOTlInYTb nOBbie lIMTl!. CBIl-
3blBaIO lle CKllcPCKoe MCKYCCTBO C TBOp-
'leCTBOM napOAOB CCCP.
llllll nep}ICIWrO 3Beplllloro CTIIJUI. I\IA3,
T. VI. J1., 1926.
· B. A. Pbl6aKo8. YKaa. .cO'l., CTp. 408.
7 Ta ! me.
8 B. A. Pb/UaK08. YKa3. COq., CTp. 408.
· M. H. ApraMOlto8. COI;poBIII a CI;II<pCKIiX
KypraHOB. npara - J1., 1966, TaOJI. 284.
.0 TaM me, TaOJI. 236, 237, 238.
\I TaM me, TaOJI. 185.
'2 TaM me, Ta6JI. 120.
13 TaM me, TaOJI. 99.
" TaM me, Ta6JI. 101.
15 ltf. lJ. ApraMOlto8. YI;a3. COq., TaOJI. ii.
\. B. A. Pbl6aKo8. nplIKJIallHOe IICKYCCTBO I!
CKY;JbIITypa. «I1cTOpliH RY:IbTypbl ,!\peB-
HeII PYCII9, T. II. M.- J1., 1951, CTp. 463,
pllC. 239.
17 M. H. ApraMono8. YKa3. COq., CTp. 71.
pllC. 136.
\8 B. H. rpaK08. CKH<pbI. M., 1971, Ta6JI. XX.
\. H. H. BopoltllH.. M. K. Kap2ep. ApxIITeK-
Typa. «HCTOpllH I;YJIbTypbl IIpeBIIeii: PyclI».
M.- J1., 1951, CTp. 311.
20 A. A. Bo6puncKuii.. HapOIlIlbIe Pyccl>lIe
}.(epeBIIHHble lIaAeJIIIII, BblI!. XI. M., 1913,
TaOJI. 133, pllC. 7; Bbill. XII. M., 1914.
Ta6JI. 190, pllC. 6-7.
21 A. A. Bo6puncKuii.. YKaa. co'!., BbllI. IX.
M., 1913, Ta6JI. 124, pliC. 13.
22 A. D. CMupno8. HOBbie apxeoJIOrllqeClme
lIaHHble 0 CJIOmeHlIIi I\YJIbT¥P BOJImCRI!X
60nrap. KCHHMK, BbllI. XL, 1951, CTp. _
2' M. H. ApraMon08. YKaa. COq., Ta6JI. 62.
24 TaM me, Ta6JI. 264.
(
IIapoAHoM IIiKycCTBe. (,HCTOpnH 1;,-."',TypbI
]:\peBHeii !!yCll», T. II. I\I.-JI. 18 )1. np.
465.
. B. A. Pb!6aK08. nplIK:IailIiOP flCI>YCl TIIO 11
CKYJIbiiTypa. «IIcTop1!H KYJIbTYl'bl :lpen-
IIeII PYCIf», T. II, CTp. 396.
5 A. B. IDMufJr. K BOIiPOCY 0 npollno;t,;1e-
" _1,
248
" «,-\PXPO:101'llH». BAIl, T. IV, 1m. . COcpIlH,
I !Iii:!. Il:J0opaii,cnne Ha TIITYJIbllOM .'meTt'.
I.i .11. J1. ApTaMoHoe. r[\a3. COq., TaOJl. 18.
-' B. H. rpa o8. CRII<phI, TaOJI. XX.
os A. D. C.I/UpI/08. O'lepRII .rrpeBIIeii II CPC;(-
neneIwnoii IICTOplilI HapolloB Cpe;(lwro
nOBOiDRbfl II IIpIlKaMbH. 1\111.-\, N2 2R,
195 , CT)I. 84.
", Ta I me, np. 85, Ta6JI. XVIII, pllC. 16, 17.
" Ta I a,e. plIC. 16.
" Ta ( ii;:e, np. 258, pllC. 1.
" .4. D. C.I1I1PI/08. AHTIIqIIbIe 3JIe ICIITbI B
"y.lbTYpC nace.leIIIlH CeBepa BOCTOqIIO!i:
EBponbI. I:_\M. M.. 1H66, CTp. 238.
" .4. D. CMUpI/Oe. O'leph11 ApeBlwll 11 cpc;r-
HeBeIioBorr nCTopli1i HapolloB CpellHero
nOnOJImbH II IIpIlKaMbH. MHA, N2 28,
1952. CTp. :!38, 259.
3. M. lJ. ApraMono8. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 118.
" A. D. CMllpno8. OqepKII IIpeBHeII II cpe,I:\-
HeBeKoBoli IICTOpllll.., CTp. 257, pliC. 1.
?O .If. If. ApraMono8. YKa3. CO'l., Ta6JI. 50.
" Ta ( il{e n6JI 264
38 A. 'D. C UPI/;8. OqepIm IIpeBlIeii: II cpeA-
lIeBelwBoll IICTOpllll.., CTp. 85.
" K. A. C.Wl/pI/08. ]:\bHKoncl,aH KFIbTypa.
«11; hHROBCI;aH KYJIbTypa». 1\1., 1974, CTp.
R2, T. III, 2.
;0 M. H. Apra.llOI/08. YKa3. COq., Ta6JI. 81.
.. T a ( iRe, pllC. 78.
" Ta ! iim, pllC. 73.
.1 E. H. rpaK08. CRII<pbI. M., 1971, Ta6JI.
XVIII.
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paa;enrm B IlCKYCCTBe «o6pa3a MH-
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1 'I'i . M 1, CTp. 36.
f{ .Ifapl<c II (/J. BH.Ze.J!bC. COq., T. 8, CTp.
I ()-
-r a \1 ;I;e, CTp. 120.
-r,,\\ ;I;e. CTp. 120-121.
<,'!111.10co<pcI;all 3 III;JiO!l(oi\ITH», T. 'I. M.,
1 (\f\11. np. 347,
pa» 2", 'ITO II p;eJIUJIIl em;e BII3aHTHHClme
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H 06pa3yeT COBepmCHHO IIHOH maHp.
lIo cym;eCTBY 3TO 6bIJI KOHel]. Toro
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xyp;omecTBeHHblM HanpaB."ICHIleM II He
HMeJIa HHKaKoro OTHomrnrrH K «oopa-
3Y MIlpa).
9 r. A. JlY2a eH."08a. fplI<pOIl B aIITII'III<BI II
cpep;HeBeIWB<B1 lICIiyccTBe Cpel\Heii .-\ HIII.
CA, 1959, M 2, CTp. 70. ,
to a CBII31I CRII<pcRoro IfCKYCCTBa C !lap.
lIaJIbHOii IarlIelI CM.: E. E. It'Y3b.lfIlNa.
a CIIIU;pCTIf3 1C oopa30B CRII<pCIwro lIC-
l;yccTBa B CBII3If C oc06eHHOCTH !1I pe:II1-
rlI03HblX npeACTaBJIeHlI1I IIpaIl eB. «Te3If-
CbI p;oRiIaiJ;oB III BceCOI03Hon ROH<pepeH-
ll!! no BOIIpOCa}1 CRII<po-cap laTcI;oft ap-
xeOJI0 r1IIf». M., 1972, CTp. 51-52.
1\ H. II. f{ OH.OaI>08. OqepKII Il 3aMeTI;U !l0
I1CTOplIlI cpe;J;HcBeI;oBoro IICKYCCTBa II
RyJIbTYPbl. llpara, 1929, CTp. 92.
12 B. /1.. E.J!a8aTCI<UU. I1CRYCCTBO CeBepHoro
fIplI'lepHOMOpbli B aHTlIqHYIO 3!10XY. 111.,
1947, CTp. 11.
13 C. A. II.J!eTH.e8a. aT KOqeBlIll K ropOAa l.
M., 1967, plIC. 40, 10.
I< H. Maepo()UH.08. CTapomJIrapCROTo II3-
KyCTBO. C0<pIIII, 1959, CTp. 75-76, pIlC. 69.
'" Taol ;1i O CTp. 213-214, plIC. 243.
16 TaM w. _ op. 217-218, }Inc. 253.
" E, A. £lbl.l '/l<c'8. .D.peRHocTll '-!epHIIroBa.
Ml1A. N. a !.i.-JI., 1949, CTP, 43-51,
6 A. H, Bece. 8CI<UU, IIlTOI'"'Il'CI;alI IIO;)TH-
118. J1., 1940: _pp. 51.
7 K, Map,;c Ut/(/J. 9N2C.,"C CO'!., T, 7, CTp.
360.
8 H. H, 1I0zpe608a, fpmp!>H II ero 1I 06pa-
mCHlIe B IICRYCCTBe CeBf'rHOrO llpHqepHO-
MOpbli B ;)!lOXY rpeqeCIiol' KO:IOHH3aIJ;UU.
APXIIB I1A AH CCCP. j'a-L1L'.1 2. M 340,
CTP, 15.
256
PUe. 20. .D.JIH CparlllL'llUH 01.: M. 11. _.J.pTa-
.1<01108, COI;pOBIIU\a CIilI<pCI;UX "ypraH()B.
llpara - J1" 190o, pllC. 129.
'8 E. A. Pbl.6aI<08. YIia3. COq., CTp. 49.
" r. Ii. BazH.ep. C"YJib!lTypa APcBHelI PyC!!.
BJia;111 IlIp. 1J0rOJIIOOoBO. M., 1969, CTp.
136.
" H. H. BopoH.uH.. 30 ecTBo CeBepo-BoCTOq-
HOII pycii XII-XV BB., T. 1. M., 1961,
CTp. 433.
" HaA 3TOII TeMOII pa60TaeT T. E. YX()Ba.
" r. K. BazH.ep. XYAoffiecTBeHHali CIfCTeMa
«cY3;J;aJIbCKIIX ABepen» II BOIIpOC 0 IIX p;a-
TlIpOBRe. CA, 1973, N2 1, CTp. 102. u
" lloRa3aTeJIbHO, qTO p;ame A. 3HillTeIlH, KO-
Topbln 60JIee qe 1 RTO 6b1 TO H!! 6b1JiO
II IP:I OCHOBaHlie rOBopllTb 0 MOp;eJIIIpOBa-
HIIII lIIpa, !lpeA!lOqIITaJI BbipameHlle « 6-
pa3 MlIpa» IIJIII «KapTIIHa MlIpa,) (A, BuH.-
UJ.TeUH.. C06palilie HayqHblX TPYAoB, T. IV.
M., 1967, CTp. 153).
.' r. 4. ralle8, iKH3Hb xyp;OmeCTBeHHoro
C03HaHIIII. M., 1972, CTp. 87.
::' K. Mapl<c II (/J. 9H.Ze.J!bc. COq., T. 1, CTp.
342.
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269
MIL OpTOJJ;OKCa.iIbHali n,epKOBb IIMeJIa
CBOe IWIIOIIIIqeCKOe IIpe):\CTaBJIeHIIe
o pae, IWrreqHO, IIpOIl3BO)VIOe OT o6m,e-
ro eBpa IIIICKoro, HO yme He VOBlIa):\aB-
mee CHID!. IT03TmlY OHa He O):\o6pHJIa
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II ):\ame arnorpa<pIIII.
HCqe3HOBeHIIe 3 BepHH1JX 06pa30B
, M. Bussagli. Steppe Cultures. EW A, XIII,
1967, p. 380.
2 D. Carter. The Symbol of the Beast. N. Y.,
1957, p. 17.
3 B. H. JIponn. PycClmii; repOIIqeCKIIII aIlOC.
!.. 19.58, CTp. 541.
, B. H. Tonopo8. CTpYKTypa HeKOTopblX ap-
XaIl'lPCI,HX TeKCTOB, COOTHOCIIMbiX C KOH-
enU11eii {<)mpOBOro JJ;epeBa». Y3TfY,
BblII. 284. TapTY, 1970, CTp. 9-62.
5 E. Fuhrmann. Das Tier in del' Religion.
Miinchen. 1922, S. 67.
· ..1. Grabar. Byzance. L'Art Byzantine du
M yen Age. Paris, 1963, pp. 25, 55, 71, 78.
7 «Aspects of Islamic Civilization». London,
1964, p. 253.
8 E. 'inal"er. From '.fotive to Ornament.
113 apXIITeKTyplIOro ):\eIwpa B IIocxe-
MOInO."IbCKOM nepIIo):\e Tomo IlpOII30m-
JIO O):\HOBpeMeHHO Ha PYCII II B CTpaHax
BOCTOKa, Tor):\a Kal{ Ha 3arra):\e rr03;J:He-
roTIIqeCKIIe MOIICTpbI II XIIMepbI IlpO-
):\o.rrmaJIII CBoe cym,ecTBOBamIe. TaR
3aKaHQIlBaJIaCb I1CTOpIIH 6bworo 3Be-
pIlHoro CTIIJIH - B ypo;:J;:1IIBoll rpIDlace
BOIlJIom,eHIIH 3JIa, XOTH HaQIIHa:mCb OHa
IlpOC aBJIeHIIeM BeJIIIqIlH II HeIICTpe6H-
MOCTII mH3HII.
AfCII
«Medieval Literature and Folklore Stu-
dies». New Jersey, 1970, p. 147-1.53.
9 R. Bernheimer. Romanische Tierplastik
und Ursprunge ihrer Motive. Miinchen,
1931, SS. 84-85.
10 R. A. lairazbhoy. Oriental Influences in
Western Art. Bombay, 1965, p. 47.
\I M. B. $exnep. mem,oBhle TI>aHIi I>al> IIC-
TOqHIIK JJ;JIII lIayqenI1J1 :jJ,OIlO)l!IqeCI>IIX
CBllaell: JJ;peBHeII PYCII. dlcTopH" II I>Y.1lb-
Typa BOCTOqHOII EBpOIIbI lIO apxeO.lorll-
qeCKIlM JJ;aHHbIM». M., 1971, CTP. 209.
12 K. Otto-Darn. Bericht uber die Grabung
in ,Kobadabad. AA, 1969, HI. 4, S. 449,
478.
t3 H. A. Op6e.A.u. I1a6paHIIbIe TpYAbl, T. I.
M., 1968, CTp. 38.
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- Eurasia septentrionalis anti-
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-- Priihistorische Zeitschrift
Jahrbuch del' Deutschen Ar-
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